<^ 'o . » * .G v "v5 A ^O* ^ 4.° ^ v ■ : A ■ by o „ o V A o Cells'* - a, .v>^. * V, *^6* - V V 0° ,** ^ A* 1 * $"*+ V 1 ^ t Colonel William D. Davis, D. S. M., D. S. C. Commanding Officer of 361st Infantry Regiment from date of its organization, September 4, 1917, until killed in action November 1, 1918 To its honored molder and leader Colonel William D. Davis the regiment naturally and gratefully dedicates this story of its life. He lived and died for his men. Killed in action, he had already by his training of officers and men, by his leadership, by his thoughtfulness, and by his fearless example made soldiers of civilians and made possible their achievements in war. March 11, 1869— November 1, 1918 TABLE OF CONTENTS AND INDEX TO ORDERS Foreword 6 Roster of Officers, September 30, 1917, and list of additional officers assigned to regiment before July 6, 1918 8 Chapter I. — Camp Lewis, September 4, 1917- June 21, 1918 12 The Start 12 From Civilians to Soldiers 15 Chapter II.— "Over There," June 22-September 2, 1918 23 The Trip 23 The Training 29 Chapter III. — "The General Situation" 31 Chapter IV.— The St. Mihiel Drive, September 3-13, 1918 36 G. O. 238, G. H. Q. A. E. F. 26 Dec. 1918 39 Chapter V. — To the Argonne, September 14-25, 1918 41 F. O. 1, 361st Infantry, 25 Sept. 1918 46 Table of Organization of Command Groups 53 Roster of Officers, September 26, 1918 58 Chapter VI. — First Phase of Meuse-Argonne Offensive, September 26- October 6, 1918 61 F. O. 8, 181st Brigade, 28 September, 1918 73 F. O. 46 (V Army Corps), 28 September, 1918 78 F. O. 10, "Match" (181st Brigade), 29 September, 1918 78 G. O. 24, 91st Div. 1918 (publishing letter from C. G. Fifth U. S. Army Corps, 3 October, 1918) 90 Roster of Officers, October 7, 1918 94 Chapter VII. — Second Phase of Meuse-Argonne Offensive, October 7-12, 1918 97 F. O. — , "Mamma" (361st Infantry), 9 October, 1918 100 Letter from Chief of Staff, 1st Division, 12 October, 1918 117 Extract from Operations Report of Brig. Gen. McDonald, 181st Brig 118 G. O. 17, First U. S. Army Corps, 11 Nov. 1918 118 G. O. 201, G. H. Q. A. E. F. 10 Nov. 1918 119 Memorandum 181st Brig. 25 Oct. 1918 120 G. O. 232, G. H. Q. A. E. F. 19 Dec. 1918 121 Resolution by Council of City of Tacoma, Wash., 8 Nov. 1918 122 Chapter VIII.— To the Belgian Front, October 12-27, 1918 124 G. O. 30, 91st Div. 22 Oct. 1918 131 G. O. 28, 361st Infantry, 27 Oct. 1918 (Memorial Order) 135 Roster of Officers, October 31, 1918 137 4 Page Chapter IX. — The Capture op Audenarde, First Phase op Ypres-Lys (Scheldt) Offensive, October 28-November 4, 1918. 141 F. O. — , "Regatta" (361st Infantry), 31 October 1918 144 G. O. 11, 181st Brig. 2 Nov. 1918 (Announcing Death of Colonel Davis) 151 Translation of German offer of extra leaves of absences as rewards for capture of prisoners from 91st Div 154 G. O. 38, 91st Div. 1918 (publishing S. 0. of 7th French Army Corps, 4 Nov. 1918) 158 Chapter X. — Second Phase of Lys-Scheldt Offensive, November 4-11, 1918. 160 Message announcing Armistice 164 G. O. 49, 91st Div. 1918 (publishing letter from C. G. 30th French Army Corps, 24 Nov. 1918) 165 G. O. 59, 91st Div. 1918 (publishing G. O. 31 of VI. French Army, 11 Dec. 1918) : 166 G. O. 16, 91st Div. 1919 (publishing letter from General Pershing, 20 Feb. 1919) 167 Chapter XI. — Touring Belgium, November 12-December 31, 1918 169 Translation of French Communique, 11 Nov. 1918 169 T. B. 21, 91st Div. 1918 (publishing G. O. 652, French Army in Belgium, 11 Nov. 1918) 169 G. O. 204, G. H. Q. A. E. F. 1918 (publishing communication from Marshal Foch, 12 Nov. 1918) 170 G. O. 206, G. H. Q. A. E. F. 15 Nov. 1918 (publishing communication from Secretary of War) 171 G. O. 211, G. H. Q. A. E. F. 20 Nov. 1918 (announcing policy as to return to America) 172 Roster of Officers, February 8, 1919 187 Chapter XII. — From Belgium to Camp Lewis, December 30, 1918-April 30, 1919 190 G. O. 7, 91st Div. 1919 (authorizing distinctive name, insignia and motto for Division) 193 Appendix I. — Travel Summary 203 Appendix II. — Battle Summary 204 Appendix III. — Decorations and Individual Citations 205 Appendix IV. — Summary of Casualties 239 Appendix V. — Roll of Men who Died on the Field of Honor 240 Appendix VI. — General Pershing's Farewell Order 245 Embarkation Roster (St. Nazaire) 246-276 LIST OF MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS Colonel William D. Davis 3 "The Tour of Duty."— Maps showing route of 361st Infantry, June 22, 1918- April 30, 1919 22 Operations of 361st Infantry, Meuse-Argonne Offensive 40 Major Oscar F. Miller 57 Operations of 361st Infantry, First Phase Lys-Scheldt Offensive 140 Colonel Avery D. Cummings 153 5 FOREWORD This history is published by the members of the 361st Infantry Regiment for their own pleasure and information. The funds for its publication and for its free distribution to each surviving member of the regiment and to the nearest relative of each deceased member of the regiment have been contributed by the several units of the organization. The labor of prepara- tion and compilation has been enthusiastically contributed by each unit of the regiment and also by many of its individual members. In preparing the records of operations each unit was first called upon to submit a memorandum of its own activities. With the help of the original orders, operations-files and the fresh recollection of the several officers who from time to time formed the editorial board these reports were woven into a complete story and such discrepancies as existed were either recon- ciled or were reinvestigated until a reliable conclusion was obtained. While possibly it is true that in some of the details inaccuracies may still appear in this text, it is believed that what at first may seem inaccuracies to those who base their conclusions upon hearsay will upon investigation of the eye witnesses be found well substantiated. An attempt has been made (1) to supply accurate copies of all com- mendatory or other orders which might be of particular interest to members of the regiment, (2) to furnish an authoritative unexaggerated record of the training, movements and operations of the regiment, and (3) to publish reliable statistics particularly as to the regiment's casualties and as to the decorations or citations received by its members. The somewhat unusual capitalization of the proper names of towns, camps, etc., is a partial survival of the rule of the Field Service Regulations which requires this practice as to all geographical names used in field orders. This feature has been permitted to survive in this book not merely for old acquaintance sake but with the thought that such capitalization will make it easier for the reader to find quickly a reference to any special event by looking for the name of the place concerned. The accents properly belonging in French names have been printed in the text but omitted in all quotations from orders, etc., unless they appeared in the document quoted. The story of the operations is told from the point of view of the regi- mental headquarters, with the purpose of showing the parts played by all units of the regiment. Often there is also shown the part which the activities of the regiment played in the operations of the larger units. Whenever available, official statements of the appreciation felt for the services of the regiment or of any of its members have been quoted in full and where the facts have been fully known a further statement of appre- ciation has in some instances here been expressed in such fitting terms as the Editor has had at his command. A sincere regret is felt that because of lack of space and of personal unfamiliarity with the circumstances, it has been impracticable to include more incidents showing the individual exploits of the enlisted men, but it has been felt that this feature may in a great measure be supplied by the Company Histories which many of the companies most commendably have undertaken to publish. To Colonel A. D. Cummings in particular is due the gratitude of the regiment for any value that this publication may prove to have. It was at his personal suggestion that the task was first undertaken in December, 1918, while the regiment was still in Belgium. His continued interest and ready assistance both as to the nature of the book and the plans for financ- ing its publication have been a constant inspiration and a very practical aid in bringing about its completion and final appearance. The Editorial Board which undertook this compilation in co-operation with the Editor, who was then Regimental Operations Officer, has changed in membership from time to time as many of its original members became separated from the regiment, but those whose efforts have most constantly been put forth are: Captains Jacob Kanzler, James C. Fortune, Richard C. M. Page, Curtiss R. Gilbert, John E. Bailey and Donald G. Abel, and Lieutenants Frederick T. Fairchild, Jesse T. Wilkins, Fred L. Brace, Charles H. Hudelson, John H. Moeur, Lewin W. Martinez, James A. Quinby, Wallace M. MacKay, Southall R. Pfund, Edward A. Valentine, Uil Lane and Reginald H. Linforth. For the Editor, the work inevitably has taken on the character of a memorial for his friends and associates, officers and men, whose sacri- fices of service and life are here recorded. For them this memorial has seemed to him all too inadequate, but as offering to him the privilege of expressing something of his appreciation of them and at the same time rendering to his fellow members of the regiment a service tending to per- petuate the name and number of this distinguished unit the opportunity of preparing this volume has been warmly welcomed. Harold H. Burton Cuyahoga Building, Cleveland, Ohio, 28 June, 1919. ROSTER OF OFFICERS, 361st INFANTRY September 30, 1917 — based upon first monthly return of the regiment Regimental Headquarters Colonel William D. Davis Lieut. Colonel Lucius C. Bennett Captain Clarence F. Smith, Adjutant 1st Lieut. Frank E. Winter, M. R. C, Surgeon , Chaplain 1st Battalion Major John J. Mudgett Captain Earl H. Plummer, attached as Bayonet Instructor 1st Lieut. Gustave B. Appelman, Adjutant (also Regi- mental Police Officer) Company "A" Captain George W. Farwell 1st Lieut. Harold H. Burton 2nd Lieut. Gerrit V. W. Wood 2nd Lieut. Ellis Bates 2nd Lieut. Wallace H. Blomquist, at- tached 2nd Lieut. Merriam J. Howells, at- tached Company "B" Captain Wallace T. Downing 1st Lieut. Eugene H. Blanche 2nd Lieut. Gilpin S. Sessions 2nd Lieut. James E. Peebles 2nd Lieut. Southall R. Pfund, at- tached but on S. D. with Sup. Co. 2nd Lieut. Ralph H. Walker, at- tached 2nd Lieut. Donald G. Abel, attached Company "C" Captain Lee Arnold 1st Lieut. Campbell Burke 2nd Lieut. Charles H. Hudelson 2nd Lieut. Ben B. Taylor 2nd Lieut. Robert C. Howard, at- tached 2nd Lieut. Ernest K. Murray, at- tached Company "D" Captain Max L. McCollough 1st Lieut. Roscoe V. F. Brightbill 2nd Lieut. Errol W. Proctor 2nd Lieut. Thomas G. Ware 2nd Lieut. James M. Tongate, at- tached 2nd Lieut. Oliver Voderberg, at- tached 2nd Battalion Major Oscar F. Miller 1st Lieut. Carmi L. Williams, Adjutant (also attached to and commanding Supply Co.) Company "E" Captain Roy C. Ward 1st Lieut. Henry P. Hoffman 2nd Lieut. Royal A. Coffey 2nd Lieut. John A. Long 2nd Lieut. Jack Sweat, attached 2nd Lieut. Charles T. Wright, at- tached 2nd Lieut. Jack H. Cosper, attached Company "F" Captain Harry E. Williams 1st Lieut. Curtiss R. Gilbert 2nd Lieut. Everett E. Hunt 2nd Lieut. Wallace M. MacKay 2nd Lieut. Richard C. M. Page, at- tached 2nd Battalion — Continued Company "G" Captain Jacob Kanzler 1st Lieut. Frederick T. Fairchild 2nd Lieut. Walter F. Davis 2nd Lieut. Lester M. Ellis 2nd Lieut. Everett J. Gray, attached 2nd Lieut. Uil Lane, attached Company "H" Captain Albert H. Conner 1st Lieut. Ira G. Towson 2nd Lieut. Cherrill R. Betterton 2nd Lieut. John H. Moeur 2nd Lieut. George V. J. Ramsdell, attached 2nd Lieut. Ryder Patten, attached 3rd Battalion Major Robert C. Howard 1st Lieut. Charles H. Moore, Adjutant (also Regimental Exchange Officer) 1st Lieut. Russell W. Millar, attached as Bayonet Instructor Company "/" Captain Francis X. A. Eble 1st Lieut. Elmer J. Armstrong 2nd Lieut. Robert S. Batman 2nd Lieut. James A. Quinby 2nd Lieut. Thomas A. Cannell, at- tached 2nd Lieut. Loron D. Sparks, attached Company "K" Captain Walter L. Tooze 1st Lieut. Wilburn C. Hutcheson 2nd Lieut. Harry J. Craig 2nd Lieut. James D. McKay 2nd Lieut. Ralph W. Rogers, attached 2nd Lieut. Ernest E. Russell, at- tached Headquarters Company Captain Clarence F. Smith, Adjutant Captain Frank Heath, attached 1st Lieut. Charlie A. Valverde 1st Lieut. Earle G. McMillen 2nd Lieut. Charles H. Andrus 2nd Lieut. Ray R. Vincent 2nd Lieut. Ernest L. Damkroger 2nd Lieut. Edward L. Kellas, at- tached, but on S. D. with Supply Company Company "L" Captain William J. Potter 1st Lieut. James C. Fortune 2nd Lieut. Ronald E. Everly 2nd Lieut. Alva J. Coats 2nd Lieut. Edward A. Valentine, at- tached 2nd Lieut. Reginald H. Linforth, at- tached Company "M" Captain Roy E. Naftzger 1st Lieut. Frederick F. Lamping 2nd Lieut. Paul D. Smith 2nd Lieut. Fred L. Brace 2nd Lieut. Robert A. Woodyard, at- tached 2nd Lieut. Knapp Orton, attached Machine Gun Company Captain Fred B. Angus 1st Lieut. Fred E. Privett 1st Lieut. George E. Kelsch 2nd Lieut. Lewin W. Martinez 2nd Lieut. Harold C. Hubbell 2nd Lieut. Frederick W. Gollum Supply Company Captain Leon E. Savage, R. U. S. O. 1st Lieut. Carmi L. Williams, at- tached and commanding company in addition to his duties as Bat- talion Adjutant of 2nd Battalion 1st Lieut. William T. King ROSTER— Continued Assigned to regiment, but serving as instructors at Officers' Training Camp at Presidio of San Francisco, and not assigned or attached to any organization within the regiment. Captain Friend S. Dickinson Captain Ora Goodpaster Captain Howard D. Hughes Captain Clarence J. Minick, Attached to regiment, but absent attending school at Fort Sill, and not attached to any organization within the regiment. 2nd Lieut. Merle T. Jenkins Medical Detachment 1st Lieut. Frank E. Winter, M. R. C, Regimental Surgeon 1st Lieut. Joseph A. Beebe, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Paul F. Brown, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Alexander C. Crank, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. John L. Burnside, D. R. C. Officers Not Appearing on Monthly Return for September, 1917, but Assigned to 361st Infantry Between September 30, 1917 and July 6, 1918 1st Lieut. (Chaplain) Eugene V. Bronson. Assigned and joined 17 October, 1917. 1st Lieut. James R. McLaughlin. Assigned 24 November, 1917, joined 29 November, 1917, assigned to Company "I" 30 November, 1917. 1st Lieut. Jesse T. Wilkins. Assigned and joined 15 January, 1918, assigned to Company "H" 15 January, 1918. 1st Lieut. Gregg M. Evans. Assigned 15 January, 1918, joined and at- tached to Headquarters Company 19 January, 1918. 1st Lieut. Dale J. Woods. Assigned 15 January, 1918, joined and attached to Company "A" 19 January, 1918, transferred to 40th Division 12 February, 1918. 1st Lieut. Roscoe M. Wright. Assigned 15 January, 1918, joined and at- tached to Machine Gun Company 19 January, 1918, assigned to Company "D" 5 March, 1918, transferred to 166th Depot Brigade 11 June, 1918. 1st Lieut. Francois Trouchet. Attached 15 January, 1918, joined and at- tached to Supply Company (S. D. with R. U. S. O.) 19 January, 1918, assigned to regiment and Supply Company 1 1 March, 1918. 1st Lieut. Albert J. Haas. Attached 15 January, 1918, joined and attached to Headquarters Company (S. D. as Asst. Adjt.) 19 January, 1918, assigned to regiment 11 March, 1918, assigned to Com- pany "L" 12 June, 1918. 10 1st Lieut. John E. Bailey. Attached 15 January, 1918, joined and attached to Company "A" 19 January, 1918, assigned to regiment and Company "K" 11 March, 1918. 1st Lieut. William J. Edick. Attached 15 January, 1918, joined and at- tached to Company "E" 19 January, 1918, assigned to regiment and Company "M" 11 March, 1918. 1st Lieut. Drew W. Standrod. Attached 15 January, 1918, joined and at- tached to Company "E" 19 January, 1918, assigned to regiment and to Company "E" 11 March, 1918, transferred to Virginia Polytechnic Institute 26 May, 1918. Captain Frank P. Doherty. Attached 15 January, 1918, joined and at- tached to Company "E" 19 January, 1918, assigned to regiment and as Personnel Officer 2 May, 1918, assigned to Machine Gun Company 22 May, 1918. Captain Marshall S. Scudder. Attached 15 January, 1918, joined and attached to Company "K" 19 January, 1918, assigned to regi- ment 14 May, 1918, assigned to Company "I" 15 May, 1918. 2nd Lieut. Frank R. Johnston. Attached 15 January, 1918, joined and at- tached to Company "K" 19 January, 1918, transferred to 166th Depot Brigade 17 May, 1918, assigned to regiment and to Com- pany "E" 15 June, 1918. 2nd Lieut. Raymond A. Wilson. Assigned and joined 21 June, 1918, as- signed to Company "F" (S. D. at Regimental Headquarters) 21 June, 1918. 1st Lieut. David A. Bissett. Assigned and joined 3 July, 1918, assigned to Company "D" 4 July, 1918. Officers Not Appearing on Monthly Return for September, 1917, But Who Joined Medical Detachment Between September 30, 1917 and July 6, 1918 1st Lieut. Ernest C. McKibben, M. R. C. Joined 4 November, 1917. 1st Lieut. Nathan G. Hale, M. R. C. Joined 4 November, 1917. 1st Lieut. Roy M. Cox, M. R. C. Joined 4 November 1917; left 28 Febru- ary, 1918. 1st Lieut. Charles H. Smith, M. R. C. Joined 28 November, 1917. 1st Lieut. Fred B. Coleman, M. R. C. Joined 18 December, 1917. 1st Lieut. Leland C. Mcintosh, M. R. C. Joined 15 January, 1918. 1st Lieut. Ferdinand G. Dratz, D. R. C. Joined 21 January, 1918. 1st Lieut. Mayo Reiss, D. R. C. Joined 24 May, 1918. 11 CHAPTER I CAMP LEWIS September 4, 1917— June 21, 1918 THE START The United States went to war with the German Empire April 6th., 1917. The "Wild West," consisting of Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Utah, and Alaska, was classified as the 16th Draft Area. It was to furnish as soon as possible a National Army Infantry Division. Its training camp was to be at CAMP LEWIS, located about 17 miles south of TACOMA, Washington, and named for Captain Meriwether Lewis, commander of the famous Lewis and Clark expedition made to the Northwest in 1803. As the National Army Infantry Divisions were num- bered from 76 up, in the numerical order of their draft areas, this division became the 91st. In August, 1917, Major General Henry A. Greene, N. A., long known to the army in many capacities and particularly as the efficient, respected and loved commander of the 10th U. S. Infantry Regiment, assumed command of the division. The camp was laid out to fit the demands of the infantry division as then authorized. Within the first few months the tables of organization of the United States Army underwent rapid expansion and revision to which the 91st Division as rapidly conformed. While the units originally con- templated may have differed in detail, the following units soon grew up together at CAMP LEWIS, as the pride of the Far West: 361st, 362nd, 363rd, 364th Infantry Regiments; 346th, 347th, 348th Machine Gun Battalions; 346th, 347th, 348th Regiments of Field Artillery; 316th Trench Mortar Battery; 316th Regiment of Engineers; 316th Field Signal Battalion; 316th Train Headquarters and Military Police; 316th Ammunition Train; 316th Supply Train; 316th Engineer Train; 316th Sanitary Train, including 361st, 362nd, 363rd and 364th Ambulance Companies and Field Hospitals; 181st Infantry Brigade, including 361st and 362nd Infantry Regiments, and 347th Machine Gun Battalion; 182nd Infantry Brigade, including 363rd and 364th Infantry Regiments, and 348th Machine Gun Battalion; 166th Field Artillery Brigade, including 346th, 347th, 348th Regiments of Field Artillery and 316th Trench Mortar Battery. The authorized strength of the division thus organized, became sub- stantially 28,000 officers and men. In addition to this combat division, the camp included other organiza- tions, notably the 166th Depot Brigade, the Remount Station, the Base Hospital, and last but none the less a fact, the unmilitarized adjunct and recreation center known as "GREENE PARK," all under the command or supervision of Major General Henry A. Greene. 12 Most of the original assignment of officers reached the camp late in August, while it was still in the hands of the Construction Quartermaster. The two-storied, frame barracks, at least for the infantry regiments, were well under way. Most of them were up but still lacked windows. The officers' quarters were being located; sewer systems and shower baths were in little more than the "blue-print" stage; the General was quartered in a tent; the roads were dusty trails, but in everything the well-conceived plan of the camp was evident. In general, the buildings were arranged six deep in two long rows separated by a drill plain about 400 yards wide. These rows ran approxi- mately East and West and parallel to each other for nearly a mile, then each turned away at an angle of about forty-five degrees and swung out around the low wooded hills. A little more than 60 miles away, opposite the eastern end of this ever widening drill plain, rose the majestic snow-capped summit of Mount Rainier. The camp was on two railroads; an excellent macadam highway con- nected it with TACOMA; and the camp area of approximately 70,000 acres was ample for every purpose, even for an artillery range and maneuver field. The many spruce and fir trees of the Northwest, later to become intimately associated v/ith the division in the divisional insignia, lent a quiet dignity to the camp. On each clear morning, day or evening, the snow-crowned peak of Mount Rainier, pink or white in the changing lights, stood as a beautiful and inspiring symbol of America's combined strength and idealism. On September 6th, 1917, G. O. 9, 91st Infantry Division, dated Sep- tember 4, 1917, officially assigned to the 361st Infantry Regiment: Colonel William D. Davis, N. A., Lieutenant Colonel Lucius C. Bennett, N. A., Major John J. Mudgett, N. A., most of the officers from the 3rd and 4th Companies of the 16th Provisional Training Regiment who had been ordered to report to Camp Lewis from the Training Camp at the Presidio of San Francisco, California, and several officers who had received their commissions upon completion of training courses held for non-commissioned officers of the Regular Army. A few days before this the officers had met their Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel, and moved into the quarters assigned to the regiment. These quarters were the nearest to the camp entrance, a fitting place for the regiment, whose watchword, at the suggestion of the Colonel himself, came to be: "The 361st Leads — Others Follow." The regiment had already begun its career on September 5th, when the first contingent of men called to the colors under the Selective Service Act reached CAMP LEWIS. They came from SEATTLE in automobiles gaily decorated, were preceded by a band and brought with them their city officials. They were reported to the Adjutant of the 361st Infantry, Captain Clarence F. Smith, and assigned to Company "H." On September 12th a few non-commissioned officers from the Regular Army joined and were assigned to the several companies in groups of three to five to each. At first each company had four or five more 2nd Lieutenants attached to it than show on the monthly return of September 30th, and a squad was 13 correctly defined as "a few men completely surrounded by officers." No time was lost in giving individual instruction to the picked first 5 per cent of drafted men so that these in turn might assist with the next 40 per cent who were to join on the 19th and 20th of September. Many of the first 5 per cent had already attended non-commissioned officers' schools in their home towns. Nearly all of them later became non-commissioned officers, and many of them officers. The willingness of the newcomers was evident and inspiring. By the end of the month the rifle companies numbered from 140 to 170, Head- quarters Company 157, Machine Gun Company 87, and Supply Company 93. The assignments were made to regiments and even to companies with a view to keeping together the men from substantially the same localities. Thus the 361st Infantry at first was filled largely with men from Washington, Idaho and Oregon. The Initial Muster Rolls show the following distribution of the National Army men (except in Company "C"), and it was on the basis of this showing that after the war the State of Washington became entitled to the Regimental Colors: Wash- Cali- Mon- Wyo- Company ington Idaho Oregon fornia tana Utah ming Total "A" 226 8 234 "B" 175 48 223 *"C" "D" 158 34 15 18 2 227 "E" 166 59 5 1 1 1 233 « F » 125 97 7 1 230 "G" 151 2 73 6 1 233 "H" 224 3 3 4 234 «<¥>> 192 1 1 9 1 204 "K" 152 70 13 1 1 237 "L" 131 79 28 238 "M" 206 20 10 236 Hq. 259 2 6 1 268 M.G. 132 30 15 177 Sup. 94 23 117 Total 2391 453 184 55 5 2 1 3091 *Company "C's" copy of Muster Roll lost in action, other copies not avail- able. The 362nd Infantry also was filled with men from the Northwest, and the 363rd and 364th Infantry Regiments, principally with Californians. Necessary transfers, reassignments and replacements gradually altered this. In Belgium, Colonel Davis later welcomed to the regiment men from the Central States, and at last after the armistice, the regiment included on its rolls men from practically every state in the Union. All were welcomed, and they promptly took up the spirit and traditions of the unit. In these early times "Powder River," destined to be the war cry of the division, made its first bid for fame. One day, as the "old men," of a 14 month, a week or even a day's experience, called to the "recruits" : "Where 're you from?" — a Montana detachment replied in a manner that was never forgotten: "Powder River — Let 'er Buck!" From CAMP LEWIS this answer was carried with the early replacements to the American Expeditionary Forces — and there it grew to the full story taught as follows at the 1st Corps School at GONDRECOURT: "What is the longest river in the world?" — "Powder River — it's a mile wide and an inch deep and it flows uphill all the way to Texas — Let 'er Buck!" FROM CIVILIANS TO SOLDIERS Everything was to be learned. The officers had a head start of the men, and the advanced training of the officers, through regimental, divisional and army schools and through individual study of modern warfare, kept pace with the elementary training and later the advanced training of the men. Colonel Davis set the standard at the limit and saw to it personally that everything was done to reach it. Underlying all was the effort to obtain the prime essential — discipline. Colonel Davis acted directly upon the officers and through them on the men. The results justified every effort and every sacrifice made. The pride of the regiment and the key to its success was its discipline. First there was drill without uniforms, then gradually the several parts arrived and the men, of average size at least, wore the woolen O. D. Company "B" succeeded in getting every man into uniform for the first regi- mental parade and, through the later well known enterprise of Captain L. E. Savage, the regiment was the first in the division to be completely uniformed. One long conspicuous ununiformed figure was the tall bearded woodsman on the right flank of Company "A," Private Damitz, a sincere conscientious objector, who in accordance with his belief had never cut or shaved the locks and beard that nature gave him, and who quietly refused to wear the uniform of military service. He was later transferred to render selected service elsewhere. Barrels of the discarded civilian cloth- ing were shipped out for friends of later days — the "Needy Belgians." Soon came the Krag-Jorgensen rifles, later the Enfields (U. S. rifles, Model of 1917), and later still the web equipment. Instruction began with the "Position of the Soldier," then traveled straight through the I. D. R. Schools of the Soldier, Squad, Company, Bat- talion and Regiment. Physical drill as taught by Captain Plummer rapidly weeded out the disabled cases and hardened the weaker men. "Raise extended leg waist high" — as a goose step march was a favorite. "P. H. and C. of F." and "R. of A. D." were given constant attention; "Out goes the water and in comes the air" was demonstrated most ably to Company "L," by Lieut. Valentine. Military discipline and courtesy, insignia of United States Army, Articles of War, visual signalling, care of rifle and equipment, preliminary tests and training for range practice, bayonet exer- cises, hand grenade lectures and practice, and trench warfare were included. Finally came automatic weapons and gas defense. As the winter and rain came on the two target ranges were completed. One had 200 targets and ranges of 100, 200 and 300 yards, the other 40 targets and ranges of from 100 to 1000 yards. Each man was put through 15 the regulation firing courses up to and including 300 yards, with and with- out bayonet. A selected number shot at 500 and 600 yards. All again shot at night, the targets being exposed for a few moments by search-light glare to the simultaneous fire of a platoon or company. A complete system of divisional trenches was dug and the regimental sector was occupied for one night by the 1st Battalion. Dugouts were sunk, six to a regiment, and each with two entrances. The work on these was competitive, and in spite of constant trouble with water and cave-ins this regiment completed its six before any other regiment completed one. Captain Marshall S. Scudder, Lieutenants Richard C. M. Page, John A. Long, Edward A. Valentine and Ernest L. Damkroger directed this work and received the personal commendations of Colonel Davis and Major General Greene. The Intelligence Sections built their own "No Man's Land," and received special courses in scouting, patrolling, observing and sniping. With one exception, the original Intelligence Officers were those who later led their sections into the Argonne attack. They were Lieutenant H. C. Hubbell (R. I. O.), Captain (then Lieutenant) H. H. Burton, who was succeeded by Captain (then Lieutenant) R. C. M. Page (1st Battalion), Lieutenant C. R. Betterton (2nd Battalion), and Lieutenant J. R. McLaughlin (3rd Battalion). The gun racks came, were chained and locked, and inspected each night between midnight and reveille. The spotless dining room tables, floors and walls (also the ceiling in Company "L"), the bread boxes, meat racks and other kitchen decorations were constantly scrubbed, inspected and judged. The fly traps were made, distributed, and noticed by all except the flies. The windows of the sleeping quarters were forced wide open "top and bottom," the ventilation was officially inspected by each Officer of the Day between midnight and reveille, and like the gun racks, was officially reported upon by him. Various things were summarily discontinued as appreciation of the military fitness of things grew apace. Among these went the use of the term "Mule skinners" (by Captain C. L. Williams) in military corre- spondence, the use of green ink (by Lieutenant Bates) in the guard book, the standing on piles of stones (by Lieutenant Blomquist) to observe the ceremony of the Presentation of the Colors, the detailing of men as Com- manding Officer's Orderly who could not speak English, and the use of the regimental telephone for personal telephone calls. As the months moved by, the division was nearly stripped of dough- boys except for the non-commissioned officers. The men thus separated were sent, some to the "Spruce Division," to earn safer but higher wages, some to specialist organizations, and many as replacements to the divisions nearer the front. Again the division was refilled with new men. The training was renewed with more "Personal Hygiene and Care of the Feet," and more "Resuscitation of the Apparently Drowned." As springtime beckoned, a change in training was made so as to include less of trench warfare and more of open warfare. Tactical walks, frequent company, battalion, regimental maneuvers and one divisional maneuver were held. The "Reds" were regularly driven to cover at STEILACOOM and ROY. 16 A typical springtime training schedule with its well known hieroglyphs is the following: "Headquarters 361st Infantry, Camp Lewis, American Lake, Wash., May 4th, 1918. Schedule of Drill AND Instruction for Week Ending May nth 1918 A. M. P. M. 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 1 10 :00| 10:30 1:00 2:00 2:30 3:00 3:30 4:00 to to to to to to J to J to to to to to to to 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 2:00 2:30 3:00 3:30 4:00 4:30 May 6th. 1 1 1 1st Bn. O-P-E-N W-A-R-F-A-R-E FAW By By S PD Games 2nd Bn. SS Pl.Dl PD | AE | I | By | By | By Gallery Practice and Tests 3rd Bn. Gallery Practice and Tests I By By S PD Games Recruits ss SS | PD | AE | SA | SA |P1.D| S SS TD MDC 1 Pl.D PD |Games May 7th. 1st Bn. 2nd Bn. R-E-G-I-M-E-N-T-A-L F-I-E-L-D E-X-E-R-C-I-S-E 3rd Bn. Recruits May 8th. Gallery Practice and Tests 1st Bn. 1 1 1 1 1 1 I By By WW PD Games 2nd Bn. O-P-E-N W-A-R-F-A-R-E I By By WW PD Games 3rd Bn. SS P1D PD AE I By By By FAW I I WW PD Games Recruits ss ss PD AE SA SA Pl.D AW SS AG MIGD Pl.D PD Games May 9th. 1st Bn. ss Pl.D PD AE I By By By SA I I MDC PD Games 2nd Bn. O-P-E-N W-A-R-F-A-R-E FAW By By MDC PD Games 3rd Bn. O-P-E-N W-A-R-F-A-R-E I By By MDC PD Games Recruits ss ss PD AE SA SA Pl.D OP SS By By MDC PD Games May 10th. 1st Bn. O-P-E-N W-A-R-F-A-R-E I By By S PD Games 2nd Bn. ss P1.D| PD | AE | I | By | By | By I TD B s PD Games 3rd Bn. O-P-E-N W-A-R-F-A-R-E I By By S PD Games Recruits ss SS | PD | AE | SA | SA |P1.D| S Galle ry Practice anc I Tests May 11th. 1st Bn. I-N-S-P-E-C-T-I-O-N 2nd Bn. 3rd Bn. Hq. Co. MG. Co. Sup. Co. F. A. W. — Practical demonstrations in First Aid by Medical Officers. cruits to attend with their respective Battalions. SS and Pl.D given Recruits will include extended order. Night Firing will probably be taken up Tuesday night by 1st Battalion. Re- 17 Regimental Schools Officers N. C. O.'s Grenade 1 :00 to 2 :45 p.m. Bayonet 1 :00 to 2 :45 p.m. Bayonet 2 :45 to 4 :30 p.m. Auto Rifle 1 :00 to 2 :45 p.m. Boxing 1 :30 to 2 :30 p.m. Grenade 2 :45 to 4 :30 p.m. (Boxing Tuesday and Friday) Boxing (Monday and Thursday) 1 :30 to 2:30 p.m. Miscellaneous Schools Buglers and Signalers — Regimental Regtl. Signalers — Division School School each drill day afternoon Daily. and Wednesday morning. Drummers and Buglers — Monday Parades — When ordered. Immedi- forenoon. ately after P. M. drill period. Equitation School — 1 :00 to 2:00 p.m. Officers' School by Battalion— 7 :00 to 8:00 a.m. Regimental Bayonet Course will be used by Battalion scheduled for bayonet work mornings. Target practice by Battalions as ordered. Preparation for target practice under "S. A." and target practice will be in accordance with changes S. A. F. M. as published by Div. Headquarters, Mar. 19, 1918. By Order of Colonel Davis: C. F. Smith als. Capt. & Adjt. 361st Inf." The hieroglyphs are thus translated: FAW — First Aid to Wounded; By — Bayonet Exercises; S — Semaphore Signalling; PD — Physical Drill; SS — School of Soldier and Squad; PI. D — Platoon Drill; AE — Athletic Exercises; I — Infantry Movements, by Company, Open or Close Order; S. A. — Practice and tests in use of Small Arms; TD — Target Designation; MDC — Military Discipline and Courtesy; WW — Wigwag Signalling; AW — Articles of War; AG — Advance Guards; MIGD — Manual of Interior Guard Duty; OP — Out- posts; B — Bombing. The Battalion Commanders had come to be — 1st Battalion: Major George W. Farwell (promoted to fill the vacancy caused by the transfer of Major Robert C. Howard to the Cavalry) ; 2nd Battalion: Major Oscar F. Miller; 3rd Battalion: Major John J. Mudgett. It was now, under the guidance of Major Mudgett as a master of open warfare that the "Shock" Battalion of the Argonne learned the elements of open warfare. Aside from the regular training came the daily Interior Guard Duty, which was as much a personal care of the Colonel as was the Regimental Band. It served as an unexcelled individual disciplinary exercise from the day when a sentinel turned out the guard "for the Commanding Officer" as the Colonel passed by on his way to lunch, and after lunch surprised him on his return with a loud call of "Turn 'em out again, here he comes back," until the days when the Guard Orders of about 30 closely typewritten pages became a study of their own. Band Leader (then Corporal) C. C. Burger's 18 Regimental Band, which so many times since, whether on land or at sea, and whether in the United States, France or Belgium, has raised to its highest pitch the morale of the regiment is credited with being the first band in the division to make the hillsides and barracks ring to a martial air. From the first to the last it played Colonel Davis' favorite: "There's a Long, Long Trail," named by him as the "Regimental March." The first regimental field meet and later the first push ball contest in the division was held by the 361st Infantry. Throughout the winter came company smokers, monthly regimental smokers, company din- ners, the "Quarantine Picnic" of "Fighting F" now immortalized in that company's published history, and the Company "H" vaudeville show at the Liberty Theater. The frequent field days culminated in the Divisional Field meet where the 361st Infantry won the championship of the division. The constantly recurring boxing bouts, official and unofficial, finally brought to the regiment the amateur and professional company and regimental box- ing championships of the division. None of the regiment's boxers were ever beaten in their respective classes. The individual representatives were: Private Manuel M. Robertson, Company "G"; Private "Danny" O'Brien, Company "E"; Corporal (then private) "Dick" Wells, Company "A"; Corporal (then private) Sorn E. Pedersen, Company "A"; Private "Tim" Ferdon, Company "A", and Lieutenant (then corporal) "Butch" Simonich, Company "A." Sergeant "Tom" Woodhouse, Company "A," who previously and many times later, successfully represented the regiment, and who had trained many of its boxers, was unable to compete because at that time he was recovering from an operation. From the regiment, the divisional football team included Lieutenants Craig and Damkroger. The divisional basket ball team included Lieutenant Craig. The divisional soccer team included Lieutenants Kellas and Quinby, Sergeant Dobie, Company "H", and Private Cording, Supply Company. The divisional baseball team included 1st Sergeant Ten Million, Company "H." Under general direction of Lieutenant Damkroger, the regimental football team captained by Sergeant Skadan, Company "K", basket ball team cap- tained by Sergeant Glover, Company "F", soccer team captained by Ser- geant Dobie, Company "H", and the baseball team captained by Color Sergeant Belmont, Headquarters Company, did their part creditably and passed into history. The inter-company baseball series was moving briskly, each team with its distinctive company uniform, when the orders to move to France closed the schedule and started the uniforms on their long journey to an A. E. F., S. O. S. salvage pile. Another series of sidelights was presented to the officers in the "Officers' Show" by members of Officers' Quarters "65". It was here that Captain F. X. A. Eble and an able assistant put on a striking representation of Shylock, and here also Captain (then Lieutenant) Fortune and Lieutenants Valentine and Linforth most successfully conducted an officers' call, Cap- tain Fortune serving as Colonel "Benzine" (made up to represent Colonel Davis) , Lieutenant Valentine as a well known Lieutenant Colonel, and Lieu- tenant Linforth as Adjutant. It was here also that the "High, High White Col- lars" song made its debut. The white collar had a story of its own, for 19 the 361st Infantry was the first and also the only regiment in the division to prescribe a white collar for officers after Retreat. It was but part of the military training of the regiment, and it later became a cherished mark of distinction, the memory of which was preserved to posterity in Lieutenant Linforth's following parody of the well known army song of "High, High Up She Rises" (the tune perhaps being better known to civilians as that of "One Little, Two Little, Three Little Injuns") : HIGH, HIGH, HIGH WHITE COLLARS Our C. O. has always awed us, Had us buffaloed with orders, But the one that most has bored us Is to wear white collars. Chorus High, high, high white collars, High, high, high white collars, High, high, high white collars, Is to wear white collars. You can bet your bottom dollar That the Colonel he will holler If you haven't on your collar Stiff with starch and clean. Chorus High, high, etc., etc., Stiff with starch and clean. There is one thing you can bank on, You'll explain with indorsement hereon If you haven't your high white collar on At the evening mess. Chorus High, high, etc., etc., At the evening mess. The rain does fall and always get Our leggings soiled and shoes all wet, We look like tramps and hoboes yet We have our collars on. Chorus High, high, etc., etc., We have our collars on. Just to show that we were learning When the night to day was turning, And the whole damn place was burning We put our collars on. 20 Chorus High, high, etc., etc., We put our collars on. It's hard to see the reason for This order, but in time of war An order you cannot ignore, So we'll keep our collars on. Chorus High, high, etc., etc., So we'll keep our collars on. After this Officers' Call (censored to be sure by Lieutenant Colonel, then Major, Mudgett), Captain Fortune was in serious doubt as to his future military career until at inspection the next day as he stood at attention behind Major Mudgett, Colonel Davis carefully looked him up and down and passed on with the quiet remark, "Good morning, Colonel Fortune." Several company dances, a regimental officers' dance, and public enter- tainments in TACOMA followed each other in quick succession. The troops paraded at TACOMA and SEATTLE, the Tacoma Commercial Club and Chamber of Commerce presented to the regiment a set of regimental colors, the officers and men subscribed for bonds, and made allot- ments for home support and for insurance. The home people and the men in the service were working together and to but one end. In the spring of 1918 Brigadier General J. B. McDonald, N. A., whose erect figure and snow white hair and mustache were to become so well known to the regiment at the front, succeeded Brigadier General Henry D. Styer as Commander of the 181st Brigade. He already wore a wound chevron for a wound received in the Indian Wars. He came to the brigade from a position as Inspector General of the Western Department, and had chosen the "Wild West" Division from among seven that were open to him. The salute was taught and retaught, speeded up and taught again. Thorough discipline grew with practice of close order drill, self-confidence and fighting efficiency grew through practice with infantry weapons and through the maneuvers of simulated warfare. Officers and soldiers were thus made and trained together. 21 THE TOUR OF DUTY June 22, 1918— April 30, 1919 22 CHAPTER II "OVER THERE" June 22-September 2, 1918 THE TRIP Instructions for embarkation for France were received, equipment issued and rechecked, baggage and freight packed and marked. An advance party was detailed to precede the regiment for various duties. The members of this party and their duties were as follows: For debarking and entraining duties in France — Colonel (then Lieu- tenant Colonel) Lucius C. Bennett. For debarking and entraining duties in England — Captain (then 1st Lieutenant) Elmer J. Armstrong. To attend Field Officers' School in France — Lieutenant Colonel (then Major) John J. Mudgett, Major Oscar F. Miller. To attend School for Company, Platoon and Section Commanders in France — Captain Jacob Kanzler, Captain (then 1st Lieutenant) Campbell Burke, Captain (then 1st Lieutenant) Harold H. Burton, Captain (then 1st Lieutenant) Curtiss R. Gilbert, 1st Lieutenant (then 2nd Lieutenant) Southall R. Pfund, 1st Lieutenant (then 2nd Lieutenant) Robert A. Wood- yard, 1st Sergeant Jesse L. Bedwell, Company "L", Sergeant Archie A. Adams, Company "A", Sergeant John H. Olsen, Company "E". To attend Trench Mortar and 37mm. School in France — 1st Lieutenant (then 2nd Lieutenant) Ernest K. Murray, Sergeant Paul E. Pearson, Head- quarters Company, Sergeant Linne W. Rose, Headquarters Company, Ser- geant Horace D. Brooks, Headquarters Company, 2nd Lieutenant (then Sergeant) Austin Duggan, Headquarters Company. To attend Signal School in France — 1st Lieutenant (then 2nd Lieutenant) Ray R. Vincent, Sergeant Ralph Ethier, Headquarters Company, Sergeant Basil M. Berto, Headquarters Company. To attend Machine Gun School in France — 1st Lieutenant Lewin W. Martinez, 1st Lieutenant (then 2nd Lieutenant) George V. J. Ramsdell, Sergeant John F. Barnes, Machine Gun Company, Sergeant Richard Nelson, Machine Gun Company, Sergeant Hurdis G. Oakley, Machine Gun Com- pany. This detachment left CAMP LEWIS June 19th; sailed from NEW YORK on the S. S. "Cretic" (of Britain's fleet) June 28th; landed at LIVERPOOL July 10th. From there left via SOUTHAMPTON for LE HAVRE, France, on July 11th and with the exception of Lieutenant Colonel Bennett and Lieutenant Armstrong, went directly to GONDRECOURT (MEUSE), France, 23 there to attend the 1st Corps School on July 22nd. The Field Officers from there proceeded at once to LANGRES (HAUTE MARNE). By the first of September all had completed their duties and all except Lieutenant Colonel Bennett and Major Mudgett had rejoined the regiment in its new training area. Lieutenant Colonel Bennett had been detailed as Division Quarter- master. Major Mudgett had been promoted to a Lieutenant Colonel and assigned to the 364th Infantry. Major General Greene started from CAMP LEWIS with this detach- ment, only to leave it, en route, as a Brigadier General, relieved of the command of the division. He had won the confidence, respect and admira- tion of the officers of the regiment and as the original commander of the division, there was a distinctly sentimental attachment to him. Brigadier General Frederick V. Foltz assumed command of the division and joined the advance detachment in NEW YORK in time to sail with it. The regiment started to move June 22nd. It was loaded in eight trains, leaving at intervals of about two hours. On train No. 1 were Regimental Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Colonel W. D. Davis command- ing; on train No. 2, Machine Gun and Supply Companies, Captain L. E. Savage, commanding; on train No. 3, Companies "A" and "B", Major G. W. Farwell, commanding; on train No. 4, Companies "C" and "D," Major (then Captain) O. Goodpaster, commanding; on train No. 5, Companies "E" and "F," Major (then Captain) R. C. Ward, commanding; on train No. 6, Companies "G" and "H," Captain A. H. Conner, commanding; on train No. 7, Companies "I" and "K," Captain C. J. Minick, commanding; and on train No. 8, Companies "L" and "M", Major (then Captain) W. J. Potter, commanding. Each train was fitted with two kitchen cars. The men traveled in tourist cars, the officers in standard Pullmans. Food was served to the men from the kitchen cars by bringing it through the tourist cars in large containers from which the men filled their mess kits. As one company historian has put it, "It was unique in that the chow came to the line instead of the common practice of moving the line to the chow." The trains crossed the continent without mishap, except that train No. 3 was partially derailed in Montana, causing no personal injuries but caus- ing sufficient delay to let trains 4, 5 and 6 slip by. Stops of an hour were usually made at least once a day for physical exercise consisting of setting-up drill or marching. Officers and men of trains 1 and 2 stopped at Buffalo long enough to include a march to Niagara Falls. Trains 5 and 6 enjoyed an hour of bathing in Lake Detroit, Minne- sota, and train No. 8 bathed in a Minnesota river that was paved with clam shells. Most of the trains paused at the Chicago Stock Yards. It has been reported that a private in Company "H," a tailor by trade, dropped off at Chicago because he did not like the fit of his uniform, went to his brother's shop, made himself a new uniform and rejoined the regi- ment before it sailed. The ice cream, cigarettes, chocolate, cakes, postal cards and most of all the whole hearted cheer and wave that came to the boys in city after city left with them a lasting impression of the support and spirit at home. The 24 "Wild West Division" had the privilege of gathering up and carrying with it the accumulated spirit of the American people from coast to coast. In particular, SANDPOINT, Idaho, MISSOULA, HELENA, BILLINGS and MILES CITY, Montana, ABERDEEN, South Dakota, MINNEAPOLIS, Minnesota, CHICAGO, Illinois, ELKHART and SOUTH BEND, Indiana, ROCHESTER, SYRACUSE and CORNWALL-ON-THE-HUDSON, won safe places in the hearts and memories of the 361st Infantry. The regiment detrained close to CAMP MERR1TT, New Jersey, and marched to the camp. Here the clothing and equipment that had served at CAMP LEWIS was put to a new test, that of Major Cassatt, a test of indestructibility instead of one of presentability. Everything that could not withstand the quick wrench of the Major's hands went to the salvage pile. Every coat from which he could tear a pocket flap, every pair of breeches that he could rip, every first aid pouch that he could wrench from its hooks was "not good enough for France." Night and day the re-equip- ping went on. Although hard upon the nerves and endurance of the supply officers, the system was sound enough. The easiest way to keep up the supply of clothing and equipment abroad obviously was to send a quality of goods that would wear the longest and to send this on the men. Like most general rules it had its exceptions. One such exception was the case of Sergeant Major John D. O'Brien, Headquarters Company, weight 230 pounds, whom no regulation clothes would fit. After several months of effort, he had obtained his O. D. breeches made to order at CAMP LEWIS and when his extra pair now fell apart in the tension test he lost that pair and failed to receive a wearable pair in return. He traveled one pair short until the Argonne and Belgian campaigns finally changed his size to regu- lation pattern. Steel helmets, spiral puttees and field shoes were in general the principal additions or changes in uniform. "Major Farwell's March Over the Palisades" on the night of July 4/5 and early on the following morning, covered about seven miles of rolling country (that rolled mostly up) and brought the regiment to the well-named "Alpine Landing" on the Hudson. Loaded with practically a double regu- lation pack, coming almost directly from five days of train travel, walking usually in new field shoes "fit for France" but not yet fitted for feet, the march was a battle for every man. Yet everyone took his ferry on time and was sent to the Hoboken Pier. At the pier the American Red Cross workers again secured their hold on the hearts of the men. The Red Cross, this time, served hot coffee and a lunch. The S. S. "Karoa" (of Britain's fleet) received Regimental Headquarters, the 1st Battalion and Headquarters, Machine Gun and Supply Companies. Colonel Davis was in command of the troops on board. The S. S. "Scotian" (also of Britain's Fleet) received the 2nd and 3rd Battalions, with Major Farwell commanding the 3rd Battalion and the detachment. In addition this boat received the 181st Infantry Brigade Headquarters, two U. S. Base Hos- pital Units and about 200 members of the Canadian Flying Corps Cadets. All came under the command of Major W. E. Finzer, Brigade Adjutant. The "Scotian," by dint of consistent service from its unlimited supply of that delicacy soon earned its new name of "The Good Ship Marmalade." 25 The mail censor's hand clamped down. The "Have arrived safely over- seas" cards were signed by practically everyone and dropped in a mailsack. The theory was to leave the sack behind so that the government might mail the cards immediately upon receipt of cabled advice of the ship's safe passage. Not so, however, on the "Marmalade." She took the cards to Europe with her and having safely landed released them for transporta- tion home. At daylight, July 6th, the ships left the pier. At about 1 1 :00 o'clock they sailed from the Lower Bay as part of the 91st Division convoy of sixteen ships. The ships were painted with weird cubist camouflage, evi- dently intended not so much to conceal the ship as to mislead the hostile observer as to the ship's outline, size or course. An aviator circled above the convoy, a dirigible balloon followed its course and several submarine chasers steamed along side. One by one these guards dropped back as the high seas were reached. A single cruiser, however, remained with the convoy throughout the trip until relieved by the British escort. One incident of a mail censor's encouragement of correspond- ence demands attention. On about the third day out, Lieutenant Royal A. Coffey of Company "E" earnestly inquired of the ship's mail censor (the Adjutant of the 3rd Battalion) as to just when and how the accumulating letters were to be mailed. Not wishing to disappoint the Lieutenant the censor replied that he expected that very likely a hydroplane would arrive at 2:00 o'clock the next afternoon to pick up the mail and carry it back. This news was officially communicated to Lieutenant Coffey's platoon and it spread at once throughout the "Scotian." Immediately it yielded a crop of five thous- and letters that occupied the thoughtful censor and several able assistants from the Medical Detachment throughout the remainder of their voyage. Life preservers were put on to stay. Boat drills, physical drills and guard duty were performed and the scene kept constantly set for the German. No trouble ever came from the Boche and the only submarine alarm was caused when a British submarine suddenly bobbed to the surface in British waters. The ships were policed in American style, and after the cooking for the men on the "Scotian" had been turned over to the American cooks things became more homelike. A light is thrown upon the "Marmalade's" original rating with the enlisted men by the following inquiry addressed by an enlisted passenger across the high seas to the passengers on the "Empress of Russia" as the latter swung one day within hailing distance. In a moment of quiet fol- lowing a salvo of "Powder Rivers," some one called from the deck of the "Marmalade" — "Hey, fellows, can you smell our boat over there?" The answer was lost as the "Empress" sheered away. Portholes were closed tight at night and no smoking was allowed on deck after dark. "No lights" was so strictly enforced that Lieutenant C. T. Wright's luminous wrist watch one night gave away his tactical posi- tion as he embraced his opportunity to learn from a nurse corps representa- tive something of other arms of the service than Infantry. The observers of the Intelligence sections were used day after day to 26 watch for intruding periscopes and floating mines. Nothing foreign was seen until on the morning of July 17th there appeared the British Naval escort that had joined the convoy during the night and soon land was sighted on the horizon. The eleven-day trip had been timed to permit the slowest boat to keep up and had been steered so as to mystify the German submarines. On nearing the coast of Ireland the convoy split — five ships went further south, while the others, including the "Karoa" and "Marmalade" steamed up the Firth of Clyde to GLASGOW, Scotland. The beautiful timbered slopes of "Bonny" Scotland won immediate admiration. Green fields and mead- ows, tiny villages and larger towns, church spires and castle towers met the gaze. The scene proclaimed the country of an ancient and happy people with a contented home life in the midst of wealth and beauty. Welcome was waved from the shores, the submarine net was closed behind the convoy, life preservers were removed, the Regimental Band burst forth and Scotland was treated to the "Regimental March." As the boats came close in, the busy ship yards told their tale of Britain's efforts and of her part in the war as Mistress of the Seas. It was holiday week and GLASGOW was in holiday dress. Early on July 18th the troops disembarked. Each man was handed a neatly engraved greeting from the King and then, led by the Regimental Band and some Scottish Pipers, the troops were marched a short distance to the railroad. The men entrained in British compartment cars and the trains moved south. The troops were plainly welcome and the beautiful rolling fields and neatly hedged roads taught them something of the dearness of this island to the Scotchman and Englishman. The country was worth fighting for and this glimpse of homelife brought the thought to mind that if this homeland were lost the fight would some day "carry on" into the homes of America. As the larger cities of England were reached, the war work showed plainly on every side. In particular, a deep impression was made by the many women working both in and out of the great factories. These women were not dabbling, they were dressed in brown denim factory uniforms and were doing the work of men. SOUTHAMPTON was reached, the regiment detrained and a long march made to a British "rest camp" where there was much mud but little rest and food. The American soldier's ration began to be seen in its true light as its absence became more marked. The troops had arrived late in the night of July 18/19. On the afternoon of July 19th they marched to the SOUTHAMPTON dock, boarded the small channel boats and filled them in much the manner that sardines fill a can. The rapid and rough channel passage to LE HAVRE (SEINE INFERIEURE) was safely accomplished. On July 20th the regiment first trod French soil and sized up its first Boche. The Boche prisoners were at work under guard of French sentinels with long bayonets that left no doubt as to who was in control. The prisoners conformed to advertised specifications and the regiment was strengthened in its belief as to who would be the best man when the fight came. Colonel Davis immediately started for the new training area by a sep- arate route. As Lieutenant Colonel Bennett was on debarkation duty, and 27 Major Mudgett and Major Miller at school, Major Farwell took command of the regiment and handled it with the ease of a veteran. In this capacity he received a bouquet of flowers in token of the welcome extended by King Albert of Belgium, whose seat of government was temporarily in LE HAVRE. The troops toiled up a winding road carrying their large packs to another misnamed "rest camp." Tents were assigned. A hot day and a wet night passed by. On July 21st a detachment from Company "D" commanded by Lieutenant Bissett, participated in a ceremony held in honor of the Allies. On the same day the regiment was put through the vapor bath "which proved to be at least a novelty." In the afternoon the regiment entrained in its first French "side-door Pullmans" — diminutive and battered box cars, marked "HOMMES 40, CHEVAUX 8." This widely advertised car capacity bore evidence of having been figured for young and slender French "Hommes," each standing upright with hands at his sides and without pack or rifle. Some of the trains were made up of Italian cars and this gave great strength to a rumor of service on the Italian front. Each train was drawn by a little engine equipped with what seemed a toy whistle. The officers were treated to war-worn coaches. Nowhere on the trains was there a suggestion of toilet facilities. The regiment was moved by three trains. On train No. 1, Regimental Headquarters, Headquarters Company, Machine Gun Company, Supply Company, Companies "A," "B" and "C," all commanded by Major Farwell; on train No. 2, Company "D" and the 2nd Battalion, all commanded by Captain R. C. Ward, and on train No. 3, the 3rd Battalion, commanded by Captain C. J. Minick. 21-23 July, LE HAVRE (SEINE INFERIEURE) to CHAUFFORT (HAUTE MARNE), Southeasterly, by train, 550 kilometers (345 miles). The train bumped across sunny and attractive French farm lands, along picturesque diminutive rivers, or close to still more picturesque hamlets and cities that apparently had looked much the same since long before the American Revolution. The regiment made the trip safely except for a small detachment from Company "I" which missed the train as it pulled out of a way-station. In substantially 48 hours the new divisional training area was reached. The 1st and 3rd trains detrained at MEUSE in daylight and marched at once to their respective towns: Regimental Heaquarters, Headquarters Company, Supply Company and Company "A" to CHAUFFORT, Company "B" to FRECOURT, Company "C" to EPINANT, the 3rd Battalion to SARREY and the Machine Gun Company to IS-EN-BASSIGNY, all in the Department of HAUTE MARNE. The 2nd Battalion and Company "D" detrained at night in ANDILLY on July 23rd and marched the following day to their respective billets: 2nd Battalion to IS-EN-BASSIGNY, Company "D" to EPINANT. Division Headquarters were at MONTIGNY-LE-ROI. Captain Savage served an eleven-day term as Assistant Division Quarter- master in charge of railhead issues pending the arrival and adjustment of the Division Staff. Excepting for the move of the Machine Gun Company to the Machine Gun center at THIVET on August 5th, these assignments remained effective until the regiment was ordered to the front. 28 THE TRAINING The MONTIGNY-LE-ROI area was one of the large compact American group-areas straight south of ST. MIHIEL and VERDUN. Close to MONTIGNY is the source of the MEUSE RIVER and here "Powder River" was held in check six weeks to gather up such force that once its current started it could never be stopped until the war was won. This area was said to be in the "Desert of France" for the soil was not as fertile there as elsewhere in the Republic, yet the kindly spirit and warm welcome of the peasant people made the place a second home for the regiment. Not only were these the first billets of the 361st Infantry but the 361st Infantry was the first organization to be billeted there. Here an education, not only in the French language, but also the French customs, progressed rapidly. The streets however were soon cleaned according to American style and the community wash house became a bathing as well as a clothes-washing establishment. On Colonel Davis' return to the regiment shortly after its arrival in the area, Major Farwell for a brief time commanded the 1st Battalion, then again was placed temporarily in command of the 3rd Battalion. Major Mudgett received his promotion to a Lieutenant Colonelcy while attending the Field Officers' School and was assigned to the 364th Infantry, and there- fore never actually commanded the 3rd Battalion in France. On Major Miller's return from the Field Officers' School, Major Farwell went to the school and Major Miller was assigned to the command of the 3rd Battalion, which command he held until fatally wounded in action. Captain R. C. Ward continuously commanded the 2nd Battalion and Captain W. T. Down- ing commanded the 1st Battalion until Major Farwell's return late in August. On his return from school Major Farwell resumed command of the 1st Battalion and held it until fatally wounded in action. The military work took on a new aspect. Orders to join the front line or move into a trench sector were constantly expected. The attack forma- tions suggested in the familiar red pamphlet "Offensive Combat of Small Units" were taught; the Chauchat was taken into camp and mastered as the regiment's automatic rifle; bayonet work, gas defense, rifle practice, visual signalling — all were pushed to the limit. The men were kept at their training all day, taking with them but a sandwich for lunch. Saluting was strongly emphasized and included the exchange of salutes even between automobile riders and pedestrians. Furthermore, to overcome a tendency to keep the eyes too low, it included a temporary adoption of the so-called "canteen" or "beer bottle" salute, in the execution of which it was required to hold the head up at the same angle as when drinking from a canteen or beer bottle. Most of all, the liaison training which the division had not under- taken in the States was pushed with a will. At IS-EN-BASSIGNY, Lieutenant Wilkins was detailed as "Airplane Officer," and men on post instructed in a new warning call: "Enemy aircraft, Post No. 2." Near CHAUFFORT, Lieutenant Hubbell's intelligence section won some souvenirs and a reward 29 in the form of a case of wine by discovering and guarding a French air- plane that had been forced to land far from its base. Lieutenant Valentine assumed his duties as Regimental Liaison Officer and was never to be relieved of them until the Armistice was signed and the regiment moved out of Belgium. Many maneuvers were tried out with platoon, company, battalion, regimental, brigade and divisional command groups, and finally with the full personnel of these units. The maneuvers included one night problem by the entire division. A simulated relief of the division on the line was carried through by the command groups of the entire division, and particularly by those of the 361st Infantry, in a manner that brought the warmest praise from Major General Omar L. Bundy commanding the VI Army Corps, of which the division was then a part. Next was to have come the same maneuver with the full personnel of the division. This was under way and the troops were already in position when the order came to move to the actual front. During these maneuvers Colonel Davis' code name was "Gedap," and a message with that signature reached Lieutenant Blom- quist (then representing at least a regiment of artillery) before the arrival of the code and before the receipt by him of any suggestion that a code was to be used. At a loss to interpret the word, the Lieutenant finally concluded it to be an order for his imaginary artillery to move out at a gallop. Late in August, Major General William H. Johnston assumed com- mand of the division and Brigadier General Foltz resumed command of the 182nd Brigade. In spite of this constant military activity the regiment nevertheless held a Field Day at IS-EN-BASSIGNY (including the race for a tame greased pig), organized a vaudeville entertainment under the direction of the Battalion Adjutant of the 3rd Battalion and with truck headlights to supply the illumination, presented it in SARREY, IS-EN-BASSIGNY and CHAUFFORT. As the term of training drew to a close a memorable officers' dinner was held at NOGENT-EN-BASSIGNY on August 23rd, with Brigadier General J. B. McDonald and Lieutenant Colonel John J. Mudgett as guests of honor. The dinner was arranged by Captain Jacob Kanzler in accordance with his previously proved efficiency as Regimental Mess Officer and organizer of the Regimental Dinner held at CAMP LEWIS in honor of the Foreign Officers. This dinner was the last social gather- ing before going into action. CHAPTER III "THE GENERAL SITUATION" (Based on General J. J. Pershing's published report to the Secretary of War and on notes taken from lecture by Colonel George C. Marshall, Jr., G. S., G. H. Q., A. E. F., to officers of the 91st Division at NOGENT-LE- ROTROU (EURE-ET-LOIR), France, March 4th, 1919). The first military commission from Great Britain to reach the United States after its entry into the war urged that America send to Europe merely replacements to join the Allied armies as individuals or as small units, the particular need being for infantrymen and machine gunners. The French similarly conveyed the impression that nothing larger than regi- ments should be sent and that naturally these should be brigaded with the larger units of the Allies. The United States considered the acceptance of these plans unbecoming a nation of her size and strength. In June, 1917, General John J. Pershing with a small staff came to France to make plans for America's part on the battle front. The north- western section of the Western Front already was held by the Belgians and the British with their service of supply completely filling the ports and the narrow strip of country in their rear. France held the balance of the Western Front with her lines of communication filling the area north of PARIS. There remained but two sections, (1) the eastern end of the line in the VOSGES mountains where an advance was extremely difficult and the result of an advance was of comparatively small value, and (2) the line near VERDUN, including the ST. MIHIEL salient. Both of these sections of the line, although more distant from the coast than the others, nevertheless could be reached by the Americans from available base ports at BREST, BORDEAUX, ST. NAZAIRE and MARSEILLE, yet each of these lines of communication (to say nothing of the trans-Atlantic step) was longer than those then in use for the British or French main operations. Time was vital. For periods of about five days each, General Pershing visited the British and French High Commands. The plans for an imme- diate organization of corps and army troops were pushed to detailed com- pletion during two weeks, in a manner that ordinarily would have taken two years. The plans were sent to the United States and the War Depart- ment developed the new units accordingly. Throughout July and August the plans for the training and concentration of troops were made; the plan for the service of supply was made; troops began to arrive and by Sep- tember 15th, 1917, a decision was reached and a document sent home show- ing the agreement that in the fall of 1918 the first major operation of the American forces was to be directed against the ST. MIHIEL salient and another larger operation was to be carried out in the following Spring. The plan was laid on a scale larger than ever before attempted by an American military force. The complex and important organization of 200,000 or more specialized corps and army troops (in addition to the 31 infantry divisions included in each corps and army), the multitude of technical organizations and the enormous tonnage of supplies required for the service of supply were carefully provided for. The plan demanded transportation overseas of a certain proportion of service of supply and specialty troops to each infantry division. In the meantime the first American combat units to arrive were placed in the lines with the Allies, there to assist in the fighting while learning at first hand of the problems of modern warfare. Railroads and telegraph lines were built with the future attack in view. In March, 1918, Germany, with fresh units suddenly released from the Russian front and become available as a great maneuver group, began her series of offensives intended to end the war. Marshal Foch, largely at the instance of General Pershing and President Wilson, was placed in chief command of the Allies. The great attack of March 21st broke through and cut the regular lines of communication between the British and French. A crisis was at hand. General Pershing at once put aside the ambitious plans for the American army's actions and offered to Marshal Foch all of America's troops for use as he might decide. At the latter's re- quest the American 1st Division was hastened across France to the danger zone and America's other units were at once sent where they could best serve to release needed units. On the 26th of April, 1918, the 1st Division had gone into the line on the PICARDY front. Tactics had become those of open warfare and on the 28th of May this division attacked the com- manding German position in its front, captured CANTIGNY and held it steadfastly against counter attacks and artillery fire. Although local, this brilliant action had an electrical effect for it demonstrated the American fighting qualities under extreme battle conditions and also that the enemy's troops were not invincible. The Germans in April had also attacked the British, retaking the MESSINES RIDGE and MT. KEMMEL which had been previously won from them at great cost, and here the enemy threatened the vital coal fields of France. Late in May the Germans attacked again, hit the lightly held line along the CHEMIN DES DAMES as a complete surprise and broke through toward CHATEAU THIERRY, drove further than apparently they had anticipated and cut the main allied line of communication running East and West. Again every available American soldier was placed at Marshal Foch's disposal and immediately the 2nd and 3rd Divisions were sent into the hottest parts of the line where they materially assisted in checking the Germans on the MARNE and in BELLEAU WOODS. Then followed a pause and the tide began to turn. The French received advance information of the proposed July German attack. This attack was to be east of RHEIMS, northeast of PARIS, and when the French finally learned the exact moment of the impending attack, they themselves launched a counter-attack thirty minutes ahead of the Germans and after inflicting heavy losses on the enemy, completely blocked their enterprise. On the 18th of July an allied attack, with the 1st and 2nd American Divisions, sharing the place of honor with selected French Divisions, drove into the enemy's MARNE salient from the west toward SOISSONS. The attack succeeded and the battle spread until by the end of July the 3rd, 4th, 26th, 32 28th, 32nd and 42nd American Divisions also had shared in the reduction of practically the entire MARNE salient. The war was moving fast and General Pershing received orders to launch the ST. MIHIEL attack along the lines originally planned. On the 10th of August the American "First Army" was organized under his personal command and on the 30th of August a portion of the front was placed under his command. The concentration of troops, artillery, transport, aircraft, tanks, ambulances and the location of hospitals were pushed on and arrangements made for supplying this new army at the front directly through the American service of supply. America was preparing to make good its claim to ability to handle an army of its own. Absolute success was vital to America as a world power and the point to be attacked was near the vital spot of Germany's entire western front. The German front was served by two main lines of communication — each running East and West; one to the British front through Belgium and one to the Central front, passing by METZ and SEDAN about 65 kilometers north of VERDUN. Germany's great BRIEY coal fields and steel works also lay near METZ, and the original plan was to push the attack through to the outer defences of that city. Orders were prepared with the greatest care. The plans were made for the rapid movement, mostly at night, of about 600,000 troops, many of them compelled to move across rather than along the usual allied lines of communication. The French gave generous assistance with corps and army artillery and both French and British air forces were added to the American, but all under the command of the American Com- mander-in-Chief. On the 2nd of September the orders were sent out and the movement was under way. On about the 3rd of September Marshal Foch ordered that the drive be limited solely to cutting off the salient and that the troops be released to participate on the 26th of September in a more important drive on the MEUSE-ARGONNE front. The American plans were quickly revised to conform; the orders were changed to show the newly limited objective and the attacking division commanders were told in advance not only where and how to attack, but where and how to with- draw after a specified three or four days of advance. The ST. MIHIEL salient was then lightly held, but if the defending troops were re- enforced the situation was such that it could be made a stronghold that could be taken only at great cost. While secrecy was vital, the American soldiers had already guessed their mission and as they moved into con- centration every soldier seemed to have caught the famous names of SEDAN or METZ. As they marched or rode across country filled with enthusiasm for this attack, the news spread until it was published in the German papers. To save the plan if possible and to divert the enemy, the American General Headquarters rushed a corps commander and a large staff equipped with many automobiles (that their move might be as obvious as possible) to the extreme eastern end of the front there to prepare plans for an attack in that direction. The corps commander was not told of the falsity of the mission and he with his staff worked hard and well on an elaborate plan of attack. A representative from General Headquarters who knew the purpose of the move, easily managed to have a copy of the plans stolen from him by the ever present German spies at the large hotels. Germany at once dispatched five or six divisions to the area thus "threatened." 33 Further to distract Boche attention, all the American visitors and students who sought to visit the front were sent to another sector on the north-east front to satisfy their curiosity and stick their heads over the top. Here also aircraft activity was concentrated, until this French rest sector became active enough not only to irritate the Allied resting units but also to hold opposite them German divisions that were being sent past that point. The concentration of American infantry near ST. MIHIEL progressed steadily, but the great artillery concentration to come from the west was partially delayed by demands upon it elsewhere. The infantry accordingly were equipped with wire cutters and with explosives to destroy the famous seas of German wire if the artillery failed to do it. Zero hour came; the artillery was there in considerable force, but a long artillery preparation was not possible because of the danger that such a warning would cause the Germans either to concentrate or else to so completely withdraw as to rob the American attack of the signal success that was necessary to estab- lish beyond doubt the ability of America to carry out an effective attack on a large scale. With a brief artillery preparation that was put down just in time to hold up and cut off the Germans who were starting to withdraw, the Americans went over the top. The artillery had not destroyed the wire and to the later amazement of the French Allies, the infantry, on discover- ing the wire to be comparatively low and very dense, neither bothered to blow it up with bombs or even to cut it with wire cutters — they simply walked over it or through it. The attack was pushed on until the salient was flattened, the enemy garrison was captured or destroyed, the reputation of the American Army was established and the divisions scheduled to do so, pulled themselves out of the line and started at once for the ARGONNE front. Originally it had been planned to make the next major operation in the spring of 1919, but instead, it was done on September 26th, 1918. The plan was to strike through the difficult ARGONNE area. To Germany, this position was vital. Here the three Hindenburg first lines of defense covered a total depth of but about 15 kilometers in protection of their only line of communication to the west. These same lines of defense further west, bulged far to the front, covering a depth in some places of as much as 66 kilometers. To turn the flank of any one of these great lines by breaking through it on the American front, accompanied by the pressure of the 4th French Army on the Americans' left, practically meant the loss to Germany of that line along the entire Western European front. The American pressure was to come upon the German lines near their hinge. The push probably would be more difficult at this point but every kilometer gained at the hinge would bring with it a gain of about four in front of PARIS. Heretofore the plan of British and French attacks on this front generally had been attacks with limited objectives. Advances were made for com- paratively short distances against the strongest defences, then would follow a delay during which both sides would reorganize and prepare for the next engagement. In the ARGONNE the drive was to be different; the attack was to be continuous; the divisions were to be sent in to break through and then keep on. Divisions for this purpose were to be put in the front line and held there day after day, pushing and fighting to the limit of human 34 endurance with no rest either for themselves or for the Germans. When the Hindenburg defences were thus broken the troops were still to push on and on without limit. The divisions in reserve were to be put in as the front line divisions were worn out and the new ones in turn were to be held in until the old ones were refilled and returned as quickly as possible. The Germans were to be forced to keep up with the speed and endurance of America or to lose the war. The German General Staff was fully aware of the consequences of an Allied success on the MEUSE-ARGONNE front. The American attacks nevertheless broke through and the troops kept on while the Germans hurried up their reserves in disordered haste. There came no rest and no reorganiza- tion period for the Germans with the result that their disorganized units paid the full penalty of disorganization. The vital spot had been hit; the German divisions used at this point mounted quickly from fourteen to twenty-five, then to thirty-one and finally to forty. The enemy divisions came at the cost of weakening the reserves along the entire front, but they came into the line too disorganized to stem the tide. On the 29th of September and 1st of October, the British, accompanied by the 27th and 30th American Divisions, broke through in FLANDERS and continued their advance. On the 2nd to 9th of October the 2nd and 36th American Divisions joined in the allied attack in the center of the front near RHEIMS. In the middle of October the 37th and 91st Divisions were trans- ferred to the Belgian Front and joined in the attack of October 31st. Thus it proved that not only had one American Army been rapidly created and put in operation, but early in October a second American Army had been created and used in the attack, while at the same time American Divisions were dispatched to help in the "shock" on three other sections of the front. The Americans had never yet been stopped and when the Armistice was signed they were about to start a drive eastward from the ARGONNE and directed against METZ. All this was done with roads so poor and com- munication so difficult that the airplane carrier service was often the most successful means of liaison between the front and General Headquarters. The ruthless methods of Germany had been turned against her and she had fallen before the American Armies, organized as such scarcely three months before and operating for the first time as a unit of the Allied Armies of the World. The credit goes to many, but in particular it is felt that it should go to the Commander-in-Chief, to the Artillerymen and to the individual American Doughboy, all admirably supported by the service of supply. 35 CHAPTER IV THE ST. MIHIEL DRIVE SEPTEMBER 3-13, 1918 3-4 September. From CHAUFFORT (HAUTE MARNE) to ORBIGNY- AU-VAL, to CHALINDREY (HAUTE MARNE), South, marching, 26 kilom- eters. On Tuesday, September 3rd, the regiment assembled en route to CHALINDREY. There were no squad rolls. In addition to his rifle, bayonet and steel helmet, each man packed his own entire equipment including 100 rounds of ammunition, a full haversack, a pack that included his blanket, slicker, socks, reserve rations, toilet kit, and in some cases his blue denims. On this pack were also an extra pair of shoes and an over- coat. The start was made in the late morning or early afternoon according to the location of the units. The regiment pitched shelter-tent camp for the night on a steep hill-side near ORBTGNY-AU-VAL and got away to an early start on September 4th. It reached CHALINDREY before noon and pitched camp along the furroughs of part of a plowed field that later ac- commodated the entire brigade. The remainder of the division moved to other entraining points. Almost on the eve of departure from CHAUFFORT, Captain Kanzler had been assigned as Personnel Officer (later known as Personnel Adju- tant) and began his efficient and many-sided career in that capacity which later kept the reputation of the regiment's "paper-work" in the leading position in the division and constantly served the needs of the officers and men who became casualties as well as of those who remained on duty. Here Captain R. C. Ward became a Major and here Lieutenant H. H. Burton was detailed as Acting Operations Officer to fill this position which but recently had been added to the tables of organization and never before filled in the regiment. The Battalion Adjutants were sent ahead to the unknown new area, and the receipt of copies of "Standing Trench Orders for the American E. F." created the expectation of an immediate trip to the trenches. After one day of tactical walks in a pouring rain along muddy roads and water soaked fields the entrainment by the "cotillion" method began on Friday afternoon, September 6th. Major Farwell commanded the 1st train (1st Battalion), Major Ward the 2nd train (2nd Battalion), Captain Savage the 3rd train (Regimental Headquarters, Headquarters Company, Machine Gun Company and Supply Company), and Major Miller the 4th train (3rd Battalion). Colonel Davis traveled in the regimental "Dodge." The Machine Gun Company installed for the first time its flatcar anti- aircraft batteries. 6-7 September. From CHALINDREY (HAUTE MARNE) to DEMANGE-AUX-EAUX (MEUSE), North, by train, 124 kilometers. The 1st train arrived at DEMANGE-AUX-EAUX long before daylight, Saturday 36 morning. Companies "A" and "B" became a permanent unloading detail and the remainder of the regiment came in at about three hour intervals. The advance detachment of Battalion Adjutants came in last. The regi- ment was not yet fully equipped and rumor now spoke of three weeks of training. The regiment was 10 kilometers north of the 1st Corps School at GONDRECOURT and well within the enemy airplane bombing and observation area. Many allied airplanes were seen. Orders were issued to keep out of the open and in daylight keep off the streets. One order issued here over Major Farwell's name as Regimental Com- mander before the arrival of Colonel Davis, gave rise to more than passing comment, not only by its subject matter which was of considerable personal interest to the command, but also by a humorous ambiguity which seemed readily to suggest itself whenever the order was read aloud, as to whether it was intended to credit the Major with having previously ordered the infestation which he now desired to be made a subject of inspection and observation : "All billets will be thoroughly inspected because they are infested with lice — By order of Major Farwell, by Curtiss R. Gilbert, Acting Adjutant." It was at DEMANGE also that the Supply Company found the stock of brooms that it was later to hear from under fire. Lieutenant Hubbell's Regimental Intelligence Section installed an anti- aircraft observation post with a telescope on a nearby hill and sent in by telephone to Regimental Headquarters reports of their observations. A neighboring stream and canal provided necessary cold water bathing facilities. Sunday was spent in preparation of billets for an indefinite stay. In quiet moments the gun fire on the front could be heard. On Monday, September 9th, a battalion maneuver was held by each battalion operating in a different area as an attacking unit and moving by compass course diagonally across hills and valleys or through masses of woods. This practice was soon to prove its value in the MEUSE-ARGONNE drive and to bear testimony to the foresight of the regimental commander. 10-11 September. From DEMANGE - AUX - EAUX (MEUSE) to NAIVES-EN-BLOIS (MEUSE), Northeast, night marching, 14 kilometers. Secrecy of troop movements was enjoined and the first night march toward the front was made on the night of 10/11 September. In the rain and mist considerable difficulty was experienced in clearing the town. The 1st Battalion crossed the canal by another bridge than that intended in the orders, and consequently was much delayed upon encountering a water- filled ditch. The 2nd Battalion which was attempting to follow the first, finally reversed its columns and by making a complete circuit of DEMANGE got under way across the correct bridge. The destination was NAIVES- EN-BLOIS, via REFFROY and BOVeE. It was reached long before dawn, by all except the Supply Company and its mired vehicles. The regiment, (excepting Regimental Headquarters, the Supply Company and the several kitchens) took an extra kilometer and bivouacked in the BOIS LTNGLURE On this march the guns on the front were plainly heard and the flares, for the first time, could be clearly seen. 37 11 September. From NAIVES-EN-BLOIS (MEUSE) to VACON (MEUSE), East, marching, 4 kilometers. The regiment returned to NAIVES-EN-BLOIS for a hot meal, then moved up the road three kilometers in broad daylight to a new hiding place in the BOIS DE VOIRUT (one kilometer northwest of VACON) while Regimental Headquarters moved on into VACON. The units had now received code names under the "Maroon" Code for use in all communications. The 91st Division became "Maroon," the 181st Brigade "Match," the 361st Infantry "Mamma," its 1st Battalion "Mate," its 2nd Battalion "Maul," its 3rd Battalion "Medal," the 362nd Infantry "Melon," the 347th Machine Gun Battalion "Method." Each Com- manding Officer became "No. 1," each Operations Officer "No. 7," each Adjutant "No. 12," etc. Thereafter a message from "Mamma 1" meant a message from Colonel Davis. The Supply Company assumed the name of "Mud." It rained almost constantly and the woods gave the troops practically no protection from the water. 12-13 September. In vicinity of VACON. 91st Division in Army Reserve during beginning of ST. MIHIEL drive. After four hours' artillery preparation the front line in the ST. MIHIEL drive (then about 15 kilom- eters north of VACON) jumped off at five o'clock on the morning of September 12th, assisted by a limited number of tanks. The 1st, 4th and 5th American Army Corps were engaged including the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 26th, 42nd, 82nd, 89th and 90th Divisions. The 78th and 3rd Divisions were in Corps Reserve. The 35th and 91st Divisions were Army Reserves and the 80th and 83rd were available. French troops also co-operated in the advance on the western side of the salient. At zero hour, Colonel Davis and the Operations Officer, personally re- ported the exact position of the regiment to the 91st Division Headquarters, which was then at SORCY-SUR-MEUSE (making it on this occasion about 5 kilometers nearer the front than was the 361st Infantry). Brigade Head- quarters were at LANEUVILLE-AU-RUPT, nearly as far advanced as the Division Headquarters. Favorable reports of the drive into the salient from the east were early received and published in the first Regimental Communique. The success of the drive became apparent and on Septem- ber 13th the regiment was ordered to eat an early supper and "embuss" at 17:30 o'clock, to move to "a new area." While the regiment receives credit for participation in this drive and while it underwent physical hardships in connection with it, it did not here actually come under fire. In fact until the regiment passed through the town of VOID to take the "busses" for its new area, it never came inside the "precautionary zone" of gas defense. Even this slight entry into the "gas zone," however, made one marked change in the regiment. The regulations for the "alert zone" of gas defense, then but a few kilometers north, prescribed that "every man will be clean shaven, except that a mustache may be worn." In anticipation of a movement forward, Lieutenant Brace, in charge of the Supply Company Trains, removed the goatee that had long been familiar in the regiment and which had contributed to his fame at the Officers' Training School. The change was so marked that Colonel 38 Davis, on seeing him at work in VACON inquired the name of the officer who seemed so busily engaged with the Supply Company's Trains. The long line of trucks had been waiting all day for the move. The troops marched some two or three kilometers, passed through VOID, as- sembled near the embussing point and at dusk climbed aboard for the only movement by trucks that the regiment was destined to make in Europe. Here Captain W. T. Downing of Company "B" regretfully left the regiment to fill a detail as instructor at an Officers' Training School at LANGRES. The following general order of commendation bears testimony to the participation of the 91st Division in the St. Mihiel offensive, and to the importance of that engagement in the history of American Arms: "G. H. Q. AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES, France, Dec. 26, 1918. GENERAL ORDERS) No. 238 ) It is with soldierly pride that I record in General Orders a tribute to the taking of the St. Mihiel salient by the First Army. On September 12, 1918, you delivered the first concerted offensive operation of the American Expeditionary Forces upon difficult terrain against this redoutable position, immovably held for four years, which crumpled before your ably executed advance. Within twenty-four hours of the commencement of the attack, the salient had ceased to exist, and you were threatening Metz. Your divisions which had never been tried in the exacting conditions of major offensive operations, worthily emulated those of more arduous experi- ence and earned their right to participate in the more difficult task to come. Your staff and auxiliary services, which labored so untiringly and so enthusiastically, deserve equal commendation, and we are indebted to the willing co-operation of veteran French divisions and of auxiliary units which the Allied commands put at our disposal. Not only did you straighten a dangerous salient, capture 16,000 prison- ers and 443 guns, and liberate 240 square miles of French territory, but you demonstrated the fitness for battle of a unified American army. We appreciate the loyal training and effort of the First Army. In the name of our country, I offer our hearty and unmeasured thanks to these splendid Americans of the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 26th, 42nd, 82nd, 89th and 90th Divisions, which were engaged, and of the 3rd, 35th, 78th, 80th and 91st Divisions, which were in reserve. This order will be read to all organizations at the first assembly forma- tion after its receipt. John J. Pershing, OFFICIAL: General, Commander in Chief." Robert C. Davis Adjutant General. 39 CHAPTER V TO THE ARGONNE September 14-25, 1918 13-14 September. VOID (MEUSE) to MARATS - LA - GRANDE (MEUSE) Northwesterly, night movement on trucks, 62 kilometers, march- ing, 7 kilometers. The regiment was transported on trucks at night via BAR-LE-DUC to the great lines of communication in rear of VERDUN. The trucks rumbled along rapidly without headlights but at the crossroads they were guided by illuminated numerals marking the route. Leaving the trucks at dawn, the troops marched into their towns. Here the Colonel and Staff had preceded them and the attached French officers, Captain Jean Champion and Lieutenant Robert Guibert (old friends of the training days both in CAMP LEWIS and in Europe, now attached to the regiment for duty as members of the French Mission) had spent the night in arranging for billets. Regimental Headquarters, Headquarters Company, Supply Company, 3rd Battalion and Companies "E" and "F" were billeted in MARATS-LA-GRANDE, Companies "G" and "H," with 2nd Battalion Headquarters, a kilometer away, in MARATS-LA-PETITE, 1st Battalion and Machine Gun Company, three kilometers away in ERIZE-LA-GRANDE. Again secrecy of movement was ordered and all large bodies of troops were kept out of the sight of the now frequent airplanes. The 14th, 15th (Sunday) and 16th of September were spent in resting and in bringing up equipment from the rear area. On the evening of the 15th, simple compass problems were practiced after dark. Also during this stop about thirty new animals were added to the train. 16-17 September. MARATS-LA-GRANDE (MEUSE) to NUBeCOURT (MEUSE), North, night marching, 15 kilometers. Regimental Headquarters, Headquarters Company, 2nd Battalion and 3rd Battalion in NUBeCOURT; 1st Battalion, Machine Gun and Supply Companies in BULAINVILLE 500 meters south of NUBeCOURT. The day was spent under cover. 17-18 September. NUBeCOURT (MEUSE) to BOIS LE COMTE, near BRABANT-EN-ARGONNE (MEUSE), North, night marching, 18 kilom- eters. The route lay through IPPeCOURT, JULVeCOURT, VILLE-SUR- COUSANCES and JUBeCOURT. At NUBeCOURT there were ample marks of shell fire or bombing, but in JUBeCOURT there were not only marks of greater destruction but the place was thoroughly deserted except for one or two ancient natives. A dump was established for the Supply Company at JUBeCOURT and Colonel Davis, who had previously personally reconnoitered the BOIS LE COMTE and seen its lack of shelter, made every effort to obtain permission to billet at least some of the troops in JUBeCOURT under cover of the few remaining roofs. The orders, how- ever, remained unchanged and the regiment found its way through mud, 41 their -man were cut- bove ance ) the tions lery, and ange ched ping To n in T INFANTRY into FFENSIVE ee ^ s * .2, 1918 sh ^ 3E). regi- n to SSE. was Jtab- j-de- hind leed r hen ^dge flag- the ider r as wis, next :NE >rth, ops, /ere ;lter two 13-H (MEUS! ing, 7 \ BAR-LE The trui they we trucks i and St£ Jean CI days bo duty as for bil Compai MARA' Headqi and Mi A S J >» were k Un (Sund; 53 equipn 03 problei '"S animal m— < 16- r (MEU qS Headc 1st B 500 m 17 © BRAE w eters. tf> COUJ S marks ,o marks £2 for o: q^ Comp ^ recon every Q JUBt £-h ever, mist and rain into the designated woods. The men there rolled up in their shelter tents and slept. This woods was but ten kilometers (about six miles) from the German lines and concealment became imperative. In the morning, kitchens were spotted along a ravine in the woods and brush was cut for fuel. The cut- ting of trees, which would change the aspect of the woods from above was prohibited. The 3rd Battalion had camped at some little distance from the remainder of the regiment but in the morning moved close to the 1st Battalion. On this long night march the combined intelligence sections had scouted out the route and posted themselves as guides. Along the route had been met some of the large caliber French artillery, creaking steadily to the front through the darkness along the rough and muddy roads or trails and always accompanied by the constant and strange jargon of the drivers. Astride of the long swaying gun barrels, perched sometimes singly, sometimes in groups of twos or threes, rode sleeping gunners rocked as in a storm at sea but apparently never awakening. To the surprise of the passing infantry one of these gunners greeted them in English and added to the doubtful cheerfulness of the troops going into their first action by calling out "Hello, boys, glad to see you, three weeks from today you'll be two weeks dead." Many of the guns thus pushed ahead at night were hidden for the day in the BOIS-LE-COMTE, which had long been used as a rear assembly point. 18 September. BOIS-LE-COMTE (MEUSE) to PAROIS (MEUSE). North, marching, 4 kilometers. In the late afternoon of the 18th the regi- ment moved into PAROIS just as other troops of the brigade moved on to the BOIS DE PAROIS in the southern edge of the FOReT DE HESSE. PAROIS was a completely deserted and badly battered town, yet cover was found there for all. The Personnel Office and Supply Dumps were estab- lished there for a several days' stop. The 1st Battalion P. C. ("Poste-de- commandement": commanding-officer's post) was inside the church, behind its ruined altar. The night was spent in quiet but the next day the need for keeping under cover from airplane observation was emphasized when three of the enemy's shells opened great holes in the soft earth on the edge of the town. At PAROIS the Supply Company learned its first lessons in camouflag- ing vehicles so that they would appear like leafy groves, and here the regiment received its first rolling kitchens — four in number. The so-called "Silent Approach of the Great American Army" was under way and the future front line divisions were being crowded ahead as far as the roads and concealment from the enemy would permit. Colonel Davis, Captain Smith and the Operations Officer went ahead and selected the next camping ground in the woods. 19 September. PAROIS (MEUSE) to FONTAINE - AU - CHfiNE FERME ("Oak Spring Farm") in FOReT DE HESSE (MEUSE). North, marching, 4 kilometers. On the afternoon of September 19th the troops, none too well satisfied with their success at concealment in PAROIS, were glad to move forward into the FOReT DE HESSE and to settle in shelter tents under the cover of the trees, now 3|/2 kilometers (a little over two 42 miles) from the German lines. Of the farm house nothing remained but four walls and a small stone hut that served one night as the Colonel's quarters. In and around this locality, ran old systems of French third line trenches with scattered strips of wire, a narrow gauge railroad track and here and there a few old dugouts. Regimental Headquarters was estab- lished in a great round hole with picturesque dugouts excavated out of the sides. Here it would have been practically impossible to find it were it not for the "Mamma P. C." guide posts placed along the trails. The Battalion and Company P. C.'s were in shelter tents. A few hundred meters to the east was the Brigade P. C. in an elaborate French Regimental Command Post known as "P. C. CARRIeRE" (Quarry Headquarters) on a wooded knoll and equipped with nearly all the conveniences of home, including electric lights. A little more than two kilometers to the west was the Divisional P. C. in a still more elaborate system of dugouts on a hill known as "Cote 290" (meaning a point having an elevation of 290 meters), near BERTRAMe FERME. Here it was that General Pershing later paid a personal visit to Major General Johnston on the eve of the attack and expressed his confidence in the troops in words that were distributed throughout the lines before or soon after the jump-off. The kitchens reduced their smoke as much as possible by day and did no cooking in the dark. Men were kept under cover and practically the only shell fire heard was the whistle of enemy shells that passed over in the general direction of PAROIS, or the blast of the allied artillery as it took up position and from time to time sent a shell into the German positions to check its range. These little salvos were called by some the "Reveille and Retreat" of trench warfare. On the morning of the 19th of September, Company "D" had been detached from the regiment for fatigue duty at AUBReVILLE, but later rejoined the regiment in the FOReT-DE-HESSE before the attack was begun. ■ 20-25 September. FONTAINE-AU-CHeNE FERME (co-ordinates 9264, Verdun-A, 1/20,000 Map) to the "Jump-Off" on the VARENNES-EN- ARGONNE (MEUSE)— AVOCOURT (MEUSE) Road, North, marching, 3|/2 kilometers. On September 20th General McDonald assumed command of the sector of the front assigned to the 181st Brigade, including command over the small French company holding the front line trenches and also including temporarily the Center of Resistance "Hermont" immediately east of the Brigade Sector. Instructions had been received that "under no circumstances must any officer or soldier allow himself to be captured. It is better that a man sacrifice his life than to allow himself to fall into the hands of the enemy at this particular time," and no member of the division is known to have been captured prior to the "jump-off." The old French trench systems were reconnoitered, lanes of advance were cut and plans were made and published for resistance of a German attack. In these plans the 361st Infantry was designated as the unit to launch a counter-attack in the event of a hostile attack on the Brigade Sector. A battalion of the 362nd Infantry took up a position near the French 43 second line of trenches. On September 22nd orders were received that the defensive positions be not taken up until further orders. On Sep- tember 23rd, the 3rd Battalion of the regiment moved into position on the left of the 362nd Infantry advance battalion, near the RENDEZ-VOUS DE CHASSE (9380). Gradually the road traffic, particularly along the main road near Division Headquarters increased in volume and at night the sound of arriving artil- lery seemed to ring in the hills. Soon came the first false alarm of gas. It was long after dark and German shells were dropping here and there in the woods, when suddenly someone sounded the alarm. Theoretically trained to the gas discipline of trench warfare, the alarm was taken up by the waiting gas sentries and all along the hills the claxons, gongs and empty shell cases were sounded while the warning cry of "Gas!" went up hill and down dale. The U. S. Fifth Army Corps Summary of Intelligence covering the night of 23/24 September reported: "Three gas alarms were sounded at 23h. 53, Oh. 15 and 3h. 40 due to few gas shells falling in divisional area. The gas discipline of the men was reported excellent and there were no casualties." Although the hostile airplanes dropped bombs here and there, the Ger- mans apparently drew no special lesson from the loud alarm. It may be that the full sound never reached the Germans, for while the noise seemed loud to the Americans who were mostly on the reverse and heavily wooded slopes, yet those officers who, in French overcoats and helmets visited the front lines in those days, well remember the deep silence that hung over No-Man's Land on the forward wooded slopes three kilometers to the front. A German raid was attempted in the 35th Division Sector adjoining the 91st Division on the left, but none in the "Wild West" Sector. The Intelligence Summaries however, reported that the enemy appeared to be hurriedly reinforcing his artillery. While the regiment waited here, many of its officers and non-commis- sioned officers reported back to duty from the First Corps Training School. Telephones had been installed but their use was prohibited for fear of enemy listening-in sets. Buzzer communication was in operation between the brigade and regiment and, through the regiment, with the forward battalion. The liaison personnel was fully organized and by direction of Division Headquarters a test message was started back from the front line to establish the rate of transmission to Division Headquarters. Unfortu- nately the test character of this message was not marked on it, and when the Adjutant of the forward battalion received from Captain Potter of Company "L" a message directed to "Maroon 1" (the Commanding Gen- eral of the Division) stating that airplanes had been seen overhead and some old maps had been found in a dugout, he considered it frivolous and, with the approval of Major Miller, threw it away. All night the Brigade kept inquiring of Regimental Headquarters for the progress of the test message and not until General McDonald visited Major Miller's P. C. the next morning, did the story come out in full. Captain (then Lieutenant) Page, was put in charge of large details of men to corduroy with light timber the only North and South road in the 44 Regimental Sector, as the wet weather and constant use had already ren- dered this road knee deep in mud and made it impassible for vehicles. In view of later general investigations, the following paragraph of a memorandum of September 23rd, from Colonel Davis is of interest: "1. Preparatory to a probable offensive by this regiment, special precautions must be taken reference the following: (a) instruct automatic riflemen to never throw away their Chauchat rifles even if they jam or become tem- porarily useless. This may happen frequently and if men throw them away as they have done in other campaigns, the later resumption of the offensive would be greatly handicapped. They must be brought up. Carriers and others not in automatic rifle teams, if automatic rifle goes out of com- mission, will of course be expected to help out in rifle fire." In this same memorandum the importance of ammunition supply and adequate liaison was emphasized. The Regimental Adjutant and the Captain of Head- quarters Company were especially charged with overseeing, supplementing and perfecting the liaison system which was placed directly in charge of the Regimental Liaison Officer, Lieutenant Edward A. Valentine. Heavy "two-handed" wire cutters were distributed to the Pioneer Platoon of the Headquarters Company and in smaller proportions to the infantry elements. They were for use in clearing lanes through French as well as Boche barbed wire. On September 24th, the 3rd Batallion pushed slightly forward and the remainder of the regiment moved up immediately behind it, bivouacking in the woods or settling into old dugouts. The Regimental P. C. took over the old 3rd Battalion P. C. near RENDEZ-VOUS DE CHASSE. While it is not known whether the request did more than confirm Colonel Davis' previous decision, it is known that a few days before the attack Major Miller had earnestly requested that, as Senior Major of the Regi- ment (and as having a Captain present and in command of each company in his battalion) he be given the honor of taking his battalion "over-the-top" as the front line battalion in the regiment's first attack. The detailed plans and orders for the attack began to arrive. Among them came the order (Par. 17, Order No. 12, 91st Div. 23 Sep. 18) which later was strictly observed and keenly felt: "The troops will go into action carrying only their ammunition, reserve rations and water. They should not expect to receive any supplies, except ammunition, other than those carried on the person, for possibly 48 hours after the commencement of the action." No blankets, no overcoats, no raincoats, no extra weight to hold back the attack and consequently little to keep out the cold and rain. 91st Division, Field Order No. 7, 24th September, 1918, 11:00 o'clock, with its annex, No. 1 (consisting of the plan of liaison with its six ap- pendices) ; 91st Division, Orders Nos. 12 and 13 (Administrative Orders); 181st Brigade, Field Order No. 6, 24th September, 1918, 22:00 o'clock; and 361st Infantry, Field Order No. 1, 25th September, 1918, 7:00 o'clock, included the principal burden of orders for the Infantry. The Regimental 45 Order was the one to reach the Company Commanders and was as follows: "361st Inf., 25 Sep., '18. 7:00 o'clock. FIELD ORDERS: NO. 1. VERDUN A ) DUN sur MEUSE ) MAPS: FORET d' ARGONNE ) 1:20,000 BUZANCY ) MONTFAUCON ) VOUZIERS ) 1:50,000 1. (a) The enemy holds the line from the MEUSE to the AISNE with about five (5) divisions. (b) The First American Army will advance on the front from the MEUSE (exclusive) to LA HAZAREE (exclusive) in the direction of BUZANCY-STONNE and force the enemy from the line of the AISNE. (c) The Fifth Corps will attack in the front between MALANCOURT (inclusive) and VAUQUOIS (exclusive). (d) The 91st Division will attack on the front between VAUQUOIS (exclusive) and POINT 9704 in the direction of BUZANCY. (e) The 181st Brigade will attack on the front between POINT 8205 and POINT 9704. (f) The 182nd Brigade is on this regiment's left. The 362nd In- fantry is on this regiment's right. The 35th Division (First Corps) is on the 91st Division's left. The 37th Division (Fifth Corps) is on the 91st Division's right. 2. This regiment attacks at "H" hour on "D" day on the front between POINT 8205-POINT 9303. Zone of Action, 361 st Infantry: Western boundary : (Western boundary of Brigade) 8201-8205-8240- COTE 242 (7553) (exclusive)— ECLISFONTAINE (exclusive)— LANDRES et ST. GEORGES (inclu- sive). Eastern boundary: 9300-9303-BOY DE LAWARTHA— 9222-BOY DE NEUMANN (this boyau is the apparent continuation of BOY DE LAWARTHA passing through 9227)- 9036-8648 on RAU de CHAMBRONNE at northwest point BOIS de VERY— EPINONVILLE (center) - 5416 (on road and 500 meters southwest of GES- NES)-LA MUSARDE Fe. Line of Departure (Jumping-off Line) From 8201 along southwest side of road running southeast to 8997, thence east 300 meters to eastern limit regimental sector at 9297. Direction of Attack: Within zone above indicated. General compass bearing to CHEPPY- MONTFAUCON road north nine degrees (9°) EAST (MAGNETIC) 46 thence to the American Army objective general compass bearing NORTH seventeen degrees (17°) WEST (MAGNETIC). Objectives: Corps objective: Northeast-southwest line passing just northwest of EPINONVILLE. American Army objective: Northeast-southwest line along southwest edge BOIS de GESNES. Combined Army first phase line: Northeast-southwest line through COTE de CHATILLON. Combined Army objective: Northeast-southwest line including COTE 253; 1500 meters northwest of LANDRES et ST. GEORGES. Points at Which the Front Line Will Be Reported: The arrival of the front line elements at the following lines will be reported to these headquarters: 1. Hostile front line (8205-8707-9210). 2. North side of BEAUSSOGNE RAU (8220-9225) . 3. North side of RAVIN de LAI FUON. Intermediate hostile posi- tion 8334-9035. 4. RAU de CHAMBRONNE (8243-8648). 5. Northern edge BOIS CHEHEMIN (7656-8457). 6. Corps objective: Northeast-southwest line passing immediately northwest of EPINONVILLE. Upon the arrival at lines Nos. 3 (intermediate hostile position) and 6 (Corps objective) lines will be marked for the Infantry Aeroplane, in manner prescribed in instructions already issued. 3. (a) Initial disposition for attack: The regiment will be organized in depth as follows, and disposed according to directions of Battalion Com- manders : (1) In front line: (a) 3rd Battalion (b) Company "B", 347th M. G. Bn. (c) 2-37mm. guns with adequate operating and carrying personnel from Headquarters Company. (2) Supporting line: (a) 1st Bn. (less 2 platoons for Combat Liaison Group). (b) l-37mm. gun with adequate operating and carrying personnel from Headquarters Company. (c) One-half of the Sappers and Bombers platoon of Headquarters Company, will report to the Regimental Liaison Officer for duty under his direction. The re- mainder of the Sappers and Bombers platoon will be under the command of the commander of the 37mm. gun platoon of that company. 47 (3) 2nd Battalion is assigned to Brigade Reserve. (b) All elements will be in position by "H" hour minus 1 hour. The distance between the front line and the supporting battalion will be 600 meters. This distance will be gained while marching. The front line battalion will move forward promptly at "H" hour. (c) Additional units attached to Regiment. (a) One battery, 122nd Field Artillery. (b) One platoon, 316th Engineers. (c) (Attached to Brigade and operating with support waves) 3rd Platoon, Co. B, 1st Gas Regiment. (d) The Regiment, reinforced by one battery, 122nd Field Artillery will attack straight to the front and take in succession the following objec- tives : (1) BOIS CHEPPY. (2) BOIS de VERY. (3) BOIS CHEHEMIN. (4) VERY-MONTFAUCON RIDGE. (5) EPINONVILLE. Upon reaching the northern edge of BOIS CHEHEMIN the attack will be pushed with the utmost vigor and under no circumstances will it be halted until EPINONVILLE is captured. The Regiment will render support to the 182nd Brigade on the left and to the 362nd Infantry on the right. Rate of advance of Regiment as far as the VERY-MONTFAU- CON Ridge will be controlled by the artillery barrage. Artillery tables show- ing rate of advance of the barrage and its halting points will be issued later. After reaching the Corps objective, the advance will continue to the American Army objective without waiting for the advance of the divisions on the right and left. This advance will be pushed with the greatest vigor. The American Army objective will be reached on the after- noon of "D" day. (e) The one battery (less one gun) of the 122nd Field Artillery assigned to this Regiment will support the advance. The artillery com- mander will reconnoiter and select positions for his guns in close support of the Regiment and move forward to successive positions in order to furnish continuous artillery support. He will maintain close liaison with the Regi- ment and will direct his fire in support at the call of the Regimental Com- mander. One gun of the battery will accompany the front line battalion of the Regiment and will direct its fire at the call of the battalion commander. (f) The Regimental M. G. Co. and Co. A, 347th M. G. Bn., will be under the command of the Battalion Commander, 347th M. G. Bn., so as to operate as a support closely following the advance of the front line of the Regiment. (g) The Battalion Commander, 1st Bn., will detail one company to mop up the woods passed through by the front line battalion in order that the progress of the attack may not be interrupted by this work. This Com pany will perform its mission quickly and follow its battalion closely. 48 (h) The Commander of the 1st Battalion will furnish the follow- ing Combat Liaison Detachments: ( 1 ) To the 362nd Infantry One Platoon (2) To the 182nd Brigade One Platoon These platoons will perform their missions under the direction of their platoon commanders. These platoon commanders will be under the direct orders of the Brigade Commander. These platoons will be adequately provided by the Battalion Commander with large two-handled cutters. (i) The 3rd Platoon, Co. B, 1st Gas Regiment, is attached to the Brigade and has for its mission the placing of smoke and gas barrages to assist the advance of the Infantry. This platoon will function normally with the 2nd (support) wave. (j) The platoon from the 316th Engineers will accompany the front line battalion to assist its advance by cutting wire and removing other obstacles. Immediately after it crosses the hostile first line it will return to assist the advance of the artillery and will report to the Artillery Com- mander. It will thereafter accompany the artillery facilitating its advance by the construction of roads, etc. (k) The 2nd Battalion of this regiment will operate as the Brigade Reserve under the direct orders of the Brigade Commander. 4. Axis of Liaison will be the Axis of Advance. 5. Regimental Surgeon will make arrangements for evacuation of wounded along axis of march. Administrative Order will be issued later. 6. Brigade P. C. will close at present location at "H" hour and reopen at French Company Commander post at road and northern edge of LUTZEN- POINT 9188 at the same hour. Regimental P. C. will close at the present location at ZERO minus 1 hour and open at observation post at POINT 8794 at the same hour. Davis, HHB/H Col., 361st Inf. Cmdg. Cop lies by messenger to: 1. C. G. 91stDiv. 29. R. I. 0. 2. C. G. 181st Brig. 30. R. G. 0. 3. C. G. 182nd Brig. 31. Lieut. Quinby. 4. C. 0. 362nd Inf. 32. Lieut. Vincent 5. C. 0. 347th M. G. Bn. 33. Lieut. Valentine. 6. C. 0. Platoon, 316th Engrs. 34. C. 0. 37mm Gun Platoon. 7. C. 0. Btry., 122nd F. A. 35. Regt. Surgeon. 8. C. 0. Platoon, Co. B, 1st 36. War Diary. Gas Regiment. 37. File. 9-24. Co. Comdrs. 38-40. Bn. Intelligence Officer. 24-27. Bn. Comdrs. 41-45. Extra." 28. Op. 0. 49 "Mamma P. C, A. P. O. 776, 25 Sept. '18. Memorandum : In the absence of a more detailed barrage table, the following summary of artillery action is quoted from Field Order No. 7, 91st Division, 24 Sept. '18. 'Artillery preparation will begin at an hour to be designated later. The rolling barrage on the line of the 182nd Brigade will be regulated on the basis of 100 meters in four minutes: that of the 181st Brigade 100 meters in five minutes, until it has moved to the northern edge of BOIS-DE-VERY when it will advance at the rate of 100 meters in four minutes. Halts will occur in the advance of the barrage as follows: On the hostile front line trenches 25 minutes On the hostile intermediate position 10 minutes On the hostile second position 20 minutes The barrage will finally terminate one kilometer beyond the line con- necting the center of VERY and the center of MONTFAUCON. In the woods infantry will follow the rolling barrage at 400 meters; in the open at 200 meters.' The hostile second position is that of the enemy trenches one and one- half kilometers south of EPINONVILLE. It is these trenches that are to be taken by continuous advance from BOIS-CHEHEMIN. By order of Colonel Davis: HHB-v H. H. Burton, To all Bn. & Co. Cmdrs. 1st Lieut. Asst. Adjt., Op. O. Mamma." A barrage map was later exhibited to the Battalion Commanders, show- ing the schedule time at which each point within the barrage was to be reached and this was copied on the map used by the 3rd Battalion. Bat- talion and Company Commanders and specialty officers were supplied with contoured maps representing the surface of the ground on a scale of 1 to 20,000 or of 1 to 10,000. The following data as to the Divisional Artillery (drawn from Operations Order No. 12, Hq. Div. Art. 91st Div. 25 Sept. '18) will serve to indicate to the infantryman something of the activity of the artillery support. The divisional artillery was commanded by Brigadier General H. D. Todd, Jr., of the 58th Field Artillery Brigade and included the 58th Field Artillery Brigade, 158th Field Artillery Brigade (less 323rd and 324th F. A.), one battalion 65th Regiment Coast Artillery Corps and one battery of French artillery, making a little more than 100 guns, without counting 40 or more heavy trench mortars. This artillery was entirely separate from and in addition to the army and army corps artillery units which were used by the army and corps commanders in support of the division and which directed their tremendous fire against the strongest enemy positions. The caliber of the divisional artillery was as follows: 50 75mm — 122nd F. A. Regt. (58th F. A. Brig.) accompanying 181st Inf. Brig 6 Batteries 75mm— 124th F. A. Regt. (58th F. A. Brig.) 6 Batteries 75mm— 322nd F. A. Regt. (158th F. A. Brig.) 6 Batteries 18 Batteries 155mm— C. S.— 123rd F. A. Regt 6 Batteries 155mm— C. Model 1912— 36th Battery, 8th R. A. P. (French) . . 1 Battery 7 Batteries 9.2 in.— One Battalion 65 Regt. C. A. C 2 Batteries Grand Total 27 Batteries Average Rate of Fire Per Gun for Artillery Preparation : At Beginning After First Half Hour 75mm— 1 round per 3 minutes. 1 round per minute. 155 C. S. and ) 1 round per ,,__ „ c . Mod. 1912 \ 4 minutes. < { 55mm Q S -> : l round P er 3 minutes - 9.2 — 1 round per 4 minutes. 1 round per 4 minutes. Rate of Barrage Per Gun: 75mm — H to H plus 30 minutes 3 rounds per minute H plus 30 to H plus 115 2 rounds per minute H plus 1 15 to H plus 185 3 rounds per minute After H plus 185 2 rounds per 3 minutes 155mm — H to H plus 30 minutes 2 rounds per 3 minutes H plus 30 to H plus 200 1 round per 3 minutes H plus 200 to H plus 300 2 rounds per 3 minutes (After one hour's firing one gun will rest for ten minutes and three other guns will increase their speed to maintain the same intensity of fire.) 9.2—1 round per 4 minutes. In accordance with sub-paragraphs (g) and (h) of paragraph 3 of the Regimental Field Order, the following details were made: Company "A," under Captain Hughes, to mop up the woods after the 3rd Battalion; Second Platoon of Company "D," under Sergeant Graebener as Combat Liaison detachment between 361st and 362nd Infantry, and Fourth Platoon of Com- pany "D," under Sergeant Hamblet, as Combat Liaison detachment between 181st and 182nd Brigades. The 3rd Battalion, commanded by Major Miller, was disposed as follows: Front line: Company "L," under Captain (later Major) Potter, on the right; Company "M" under Captain (later Major) Naftzger, on the left; Support: Company "I" under Captain Scudder, on the right; Company "K," under Captain Burke, on the left. Those companies of the 1st Battalion, com- manded by Major Farwell and not assigned special missions were disposed as follows: Front line, Company "C," under Captain (later Major) Good- paster, on the right; Company "B," under Lieutenant (later Captain) Appel- man, on the left. Support: Company "D" (less 2 platoons), under Captain (later Major) Dickinson, on the right. 51 Lieutenant J. D. McKay with one platoon of Company "K," Lieutenant Bissett with two platoons of Company "I," and Lieutenant (later Captain) Batman with another platoon of Company "I" occupied the front line trenches. Lieutenant Batman was north of LA BUANTHE RUISSEAU (BUANTHE CREEK). This little stream here flowed in a deep valley pass- ing northwesterly out of the French lines just to the left of Lieutenant Bat- man. From there for two kilometers the stream marked the center of No- Man's Land before entering the German lines near BAULNY, and after join- ing the AIRE River, finally emptied into the AISNE River north of the FOReT d'ARGONNE on the left flank of the American Sector. The remainder of the 3rd and 1st Battalions assembled along the roads or trails near to where the road skirted the forward slope of the hill and by 4:30 on the morning of September 26th had taken up their designated positions. The order assigning the 2nd Battalion to the Brigade Reserve was changed so as to assign it to the Division Reserve. It moved back about 3 kilometers to the vicinity of Division Headquarters where it joined the 346th Machine Gun Battalion and an infantry battalion from the 182nd Brigade. These three units, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel F. C. Endi- cott, constituted the Division Reserve. Company "B," 347th Machine Gun Battalion, joined the 3rd Battalion. The Regimental Machine Gun Company and Company "A", 347th Machine Gun Battalion, took their places as units of the Machine Gun Battalion, with a mission "to support closely the advance of the front line battalions." Headquarters Company was completely separated into platoons or smaller units on much the same basis as continued throughout the action. The Staff Section (including the Intelligence Section, under Lieutenant H. C. Hubbell) and the Orderly Section of the Headquarters Platoon were prin- cipally with Regimental Headquarters. The Personnel force, the Mess Sergeant and four cooks were directed to remain at the RENDEZ-VOUS DE CHASSE. The Battalion Sergeant Majors were with their battalions. The bandsmen were ordered to accompany the Medical Detachment as emergency litter bearers — and there proved to be an almost continuous emergency for them. The Signal Platoon, under Lieutenant R. R. Vincent was divided into four sections — one with each battalion and one with Regimental Headquarters. A detachment of twenty men from Company "C" of 316th Field Signal Bat- talion was assigned the duty of maintaining the wires between Regimental and Brigade Headquarters. The Sappers and Bombers (Trench Mortar) Platoon, under Lieutenant E. H. McMillen and Lieutenant E. K. Murray, having no trench mortars, was divided so that half went to Regimental Headquarters as additional runners and half went to the One Pounder Platoon as ammunition carriers, while both the Lieutenants joined Regimental Head- quarters. The One Pounder Platoon, under Lieutenant C. A. Valverde, was divided into three sections — two guns and sections with the 3rd Bat- talion and one with the First Battalion. The Pioneer Platoon, under Lieu- tenant John A. Long, was attached to the 3rd Battalion. Captain Heath joined Regimental Headquarters and later assisted particularly with the maintenance of the ammunition supply. 52 The Regimental Surgeon, Major John J. Sellwood, was with Regimental Headquarters and the Medical Detachment was divided into three units; one with each battalion. Dr. Fred B. Coleman, Dr. Mayo Reiss and 17 Medical Corps men started with the 3rd Battalion and were joined on September 27th by Dr. L. C. Mcintosh, who had been on detached service with the Sanitary Train. Drs. E. C. McKibben, N. G. Hale and J. L. Burn- side with 15 Medical Corps men and Mr. Christian and Mr. Davis of the Y. M. C. A., were with the 1st Battalion. Captain P. F. Brown, Dr. C. H. Smith and Dr. Alfred Schilt with 17 Medical Corps men were assigned to the 2nd Battalion. The Y. M. C. A. men on September 25th brought up a welcome supply of cookies and chewing gum. The Supply Company was organized as follows: Captain L. E. Savage, to remain "as Liaison Agent at the Regulating Station at the RENDEZ- VOUS DE CHASSE" and "facilitate the moves of trains in conjunction with the Regulating Officer" (Administrative Memorandum 181st Brigade, 25 Sept. '18) ; Lieutenant F. L. Brace, assisted by Lieutenant E. L Kellas, to command the Field Trains and Lieutenant J. A. Quinby to command the Combat Train. Units varied somewhat in strength, but in general, platoons consisted of approximately 45 men, Company Headquarters of 20 (rifle companies, there- fore of 200), Battalion Headquarters of 100 (battalions with attached units of the regiment, such as machine gun and one-pounder units consisted of 1000), Regimental Headquarters of 150. The last consolidated Morning Report, before the attack shows the total present, including Ordnance and Medical Detachments, but not including men or units temporarily attached for tactical purposes, as 97 officers and 3216 men. The several headquarters or "command groups" varied slightly in differ- ent organizations, but the typical platoon, rifle company, battalion and regimental groups, substantially as called for by the Divisional Plan of Liaison, were as follows: Platoon Commander's Group (in addition to Platoon Commander) 2 Privates — Runners Company Commander's Group (in addition to Company Commander) Command Group 1 1st Lieutenant 1 1st Sergeant 1st Group 3rd Group Observers and Signallers: Runners to Battalion Hqrs. and to 2 Buglers Flanks: 4 Pvts. 1st CI. Signallers 4 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI. 4th Group 2nd Group Signal Corps Liaison: Runners to Platoons: 1 Lineman 4 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI. 1 Pvt. 1st CI. or Pvt. Operator Total, 1 Officer, 17 Men. 53 Battalion Commander's Group (in addition to Battalion Commander) Command Group 1 1st Lieutenant — Adjutant 1 Lieutenant — Scout, Intelligence Officer 1 Lieutenant — Liaison Officer 1 Lieutenant — Gas Officer 1 Battalion Sergeant Major 1st Group 1 Sgt. asst. to Chief of Det. Orderlies and Pioneers: J £or P . Switchboard operator _ , _. , , 1 Corp. in charge of Linemen 1 Corp Mounted Orderly , c fa ch of Operators 1 Pvt. Mounted Orderly g Rvts 0f Pvts , st Q Lineme n and 1 Corp. Pioneer Operators. 8 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI. Pioneers K 1 Sergeant ) Telephone 2nd Group 2 Corporals ) detail from Runners to Companies and Flanks: 10 Pvts. or Pvts. ) Headquarters 4 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI. lst Cl > Company. i , r 1 Corp. Signaller Jrd Uroup 4 Pvts or Pvts lst q signallers To Regimental Hqrs. & Flanks: 5th Group 12 Pvts. or Pvts. lst Cl., Scouts 3 Pvts. Bicyclists 4 Pvts. or Pvts. lst Cl. Intelligence Section (Additional runners as required to 1 Sgt., Scout maintain chain of runners to Regtl. 2 Corps., Scouts Hqrs.) 4th Group l S § t or Cor P-' 0bserver p 10 Pvts. or Pvts. lst Cl., Observers Signal Corps Liaison: 2 Sgts. or Corps., Chief Snipers 1 Sgt. lst Cl. Chief of Det. Total: 4 Officers, 82 men (additional runners as needed) Regimental Commander's Group (in addition to Regimental Commander and Lieutenant Colonel, if any) 1 Captain, Regimental Adjutant 1 Captain, Operations Officer 1 Captain, Headquarters Company 1 lst Lieutenant, Regl. Intelligence Officer 1 1st Lieutenant, Sappers & Bombers Platoon 1 lst Lieutenant, One-Pounder Platoon 1 Lieutenant, Regtl. Signal Officer 1 2nd Lieutenant, Pioneer Platoon 1 Lieutenant, Regtl. Liaison Officer 1 Lieutenant, Regtl. Gas Officer 1 Lieutenant from Outpost Co., Signal Battalion 1 Medical Officer, Regt. Surgeon 1 Artillery Officer, Artillery Liaison 54 1 Regimental Sergeant Major 2 Color Sergeants 2 Corporals, Stenographers 1st Group Chauffeurs, Orderlies and Pioneers: 1 Chauffeur 8 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI. Mounted Orderlies 3 Pvts., Bicyclists 2 Sergeants, Pioneers 1 Corporal, Pioneer 24 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI., Pioneers 4th Group Signal Corps Liaison: 1 Sgt. 1st CI., Chief of Detail Assistants, 3 Sergeants 4 Corporals 18 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI. Cable lay- ing detail, Linemen, Operators, Drivers 1 Sergeant 1 Corporal 8 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI. Signalmen and Pigeoneers 2nd Group Runners to Battalions & Flanks: 11 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI., Bicyclists Additional Runners as required 3rd Group Liaison with Brigade and Artillery: 2 Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI., Motorcyclists Approximately 45 to 60 N. C. O.'s and Pvts. or Pvts. 1st CI. as Run- ners for Chain of Liaison 1 or more N. C. O.'s from Support- ing Artillery Total- 13 Officers, 148 men (and additional runners as needed) 5th Group Intelligence Section: 3 Sergeants 6 Pvts. 1st CI. "D" day was set for September 26th; "H" hour for 5:30 a. m. Late on the afternoon of September 25th, in the midst of the prepara- tion for the attack, Colonel Davis was compelled to reply "by endorsement hereon at once" to a demand relating to the DEMANGE-AUX-EAUX brooms. Having accounted for the brooms he again turned his attention to the war and sent to the companies the following memorandum expressing his con- fidence in his regiment: Memorandum "Headquarters Mamma, 25 September, 1918. The Commanding General regrets his inability to personally talk to the officers of this command reference the great work to be undertaken to- morrow. He desires in this connection to express his thanks to the officers and enlisted men for the excellent manner in which they have performed the strenuous work involved in the march to this point and to congratulate the command on the manner in which they have complied with his orders reference concealment on the march and in camp. He has seen nothing like it in any of the other divisions. In everything else this division 55 exhibits excellent military characteristics away beyond what he has seen in others. He has no doubt as to the outcome tomorrow and as to the excellent way in which the Division will conduct itself. He does not believe that the Boche has much else left than gas and machine guns and he feels that we will know how to take care of all situations that may arise. He wants it understood, however, that this is a drive and that every officer and enlisted man must do his utmost to get forward on scheduled time. The task set for it is a hard one but a necessary one, and every personal sacrifice necessary must be made to gain the end desired. No excuses will be accepted. The Regimental Commander desires to add that he also has full con- fidence in his troops. We have now arrived at what we have been striving for for the last year. We have overcome all hardships heretofore presented but what confronts us now is an extreme test: we can excel in this test as we have heretofore excelled in everything presented. He has no misgiv- ings as to the outcome. We shall succeed, I freely stake my life on this. The Army objective must be reached on scheduled time even though it be fourteen (14) kilometers away. WDD/H. Wm. D. Davis, Copies to: Colonel, 361st Infantry, 1- 3 Bn. Cmdrs. Commanding." 4-18 Co. Cmdrs. 19 Regt. Surgeon 20 File 21 Op. O. 56 ROSTER OF OFFICERS, 361st INFANTRY September 26, 1918— at "Jump-Off," 1st Phase of MEUSE-ARGONNE Offensive Regimental Headquarters Colonel William D. Davis Lieutenant Colonel Major John J. Sellwood, Regimental Surgeon Captain Clarence F. Smith, Regimental Adjutant Captain Jacob Kanzler, Personnel Adjutant 1st Lieut. Harold H. Burton, Acting Operations Officer and Assistant Adjutant 1st Lieut. Eugene V. Bronson, Regimental Chaplain 1st Lieut. Charles H. Moore, Jr. (Co. "K") attached as Regtl. Gas Officer 2nd Lieut. Edward A. Valentine (Co. "L") attached as Regtl. Liaison Officer Captain Jean Champion, of French Army, attached as member of French Commission 1st Lieut. Robert Guibert, of French Army, attached as member of French Commission. 1st Battalion Major George W. Farwell 1st Lieut. Donald G. Abel, Adjutant 1st Lieut. Richard C. M. Page (Co. "C"), attached as Intelligence Officer 2nd Lieut. Errol W. Proctor (Co. "D"), attached as Liaison Officer Company "A" Company "C" Captain Howard D. Hughes Captain Ora Goodpaster 1st Lieut. Ellis Bates i st Lieut. Charles H. Hudelson 1st Lieut Wallace H. Blomquist, , st Lieut Gerrft y w Wood also Bn. Gas Officer 1st Lieut lst L,eut 2nd Lieut. Ben B. Taylor 2nd Lieut - Robert C. Howard (2nd Lieut. Merriam J. Howells, D. 2nd Lieut S. at Gas School) Company "B" Company "D" (Captain Wallace T. Downing, D. S. Captain Friend S. Dickinson as Instructor at Army Candidate i st Lieut. Roscoe V. F. Brightbill School) lst Lieut Louis B j ansen lst Lieut. lst Lieut. Gustave B. Appelman lst Lieut. Gilpin S. Sessions lst Lieut 2nd Lieut. Thomas G. Ware 2nd Lieut. Southall R. Pfund 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut 58 Major Oscar F. Miller Commanding Officer Third Battalion, 361st Infantry Mortally wounded in action on "Miller Hill," September 28, 1918 Posthumously Awarded Congressional Medal of Honor 2nd Battalion Major Roy C. Ward 1st Lieut. Curtiss R. Gilbert, Adjutant 1st Lieut. Jesse T. Wilkins (Co. "H"), attached as Liaison Officer 1st Lieut. Cherrill R. Betterton (Co. "E"), attached as Intelligence Officer 2nd Lieut. Oliver Voderberg (Co. "G"), attached as Gas Officer Company "£"' Captain 1st Lieut. Elmer J. Armstrong 1st Lieut. Henry P. Hoffman 1st Lieut. Royal A. Coffey (2nd Lieut. Ernest L. Damkroger, D. S. in charge Div. Warehouse at MEUSE) 2nd Lieut. Frank R. Johnston Company "F" Captain Carmi L. Williams 1st Lieut. Everett E. Hunt 1st Lieut. Wallace M. MacKay 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Jack Sweat Company "G" Captain Clarence J. Minick 1st Lieut. Frederick T. Fairchild 1st Lieut. Walter F. Davis 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Uil Lane 2nd Lieut Company "H" Captain Albert H. Conner 1st Lieut. Ira G. Towson 1st Lieut. John H. Moeur 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Charles T. Wright (2nd Lieut. Harry J. Craig, S. as Liaison Officer 181st Brig.) D. 2nd Lieut. 3rd Battalion Major Oscar F. Miller 1st Lieut. James C. Fortune, Adjutant 1st Lieut. James R. McLaughlin (Co. "I"), attached as Intelligence Officer 2nd Lieut. Everett J. Gray (Co. "I"), attached as Gas Officer 2nd Lieut. Knapp Orton (Co. "M"), attached as Liaison Company "L" Captain William J. Potter Officer Company "I" Captain Marshall S. Scudder 1st Lieut. Robert S. Batman 1st Lieut. David A. Bissett 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Robert A. Woodyard 2nd Lieut Company "K" Captain Campbell Burke 1st Lieut. John E. Bailey 1st Lieut. James D. McKay 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. James M. Tongate 2nd Lieut 1st Lieut. Albert J. Haas (1st Lieut. Gregg M. Evans, D. S., attending school at Langres) 1st Lieut. Ronald E. Everly 2nd Lieut. Alva J. Coats 2nd Lieut Company "M" Captain Roy E. Naftzger 1st Lieut. Frederick F. Lamping 1st Lieut. Francois Trouchet (1st Lieut. William J. Edick, D. S. at school) 1st Lieut. Lester M. Ellis 2nd Lieut. Paul D. Smith 2nd Lieut 59 Headquarters Company Captain Frank Heath 1st Lieut. Charlie A. Valverde (One- Pounder Platoon) 1st Lieut. Earle G. McMillen (Sap- pers and Bombers Platoon) 1st Lieut. Harold C. Hubbell (Intel- ligence Officer) 2nd Lieut. Ray R. Vincent (Signal Officer) 2nd Lieut. Ernest K. Murray (Sap- pers and Bombers Platoon) 2nd Lieut. John A. Long (Pioneer Platoon) Machine Gun Company Captain Frank P. Doherty 1st Lieut. George E. Kelsch 1st Lieut. Lewin W. Martinez 2nd Lieut. George V. J. Ramsdell 2nd Lieut. Reginald H. Linforth 2nd Lieut Supply Company Captain Leon E. Savage 1st Lieut. Fred L. Brace Supply Company — Continued 1st Lieut. James A. Quinby 1st Lieut. Edward L. Kellas (at- tached) 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut Medical Detachment Major John J. Sellwood, M. R. C, Regimental Surgeon Captain Paul F. Brown, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Fred B. Coleman, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Leland C. Mcintosh, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. John L. Burnside, D. R. C. 1st Lieut. Ernest C. McKibben, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Nathan G. Hale, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Charles H. Smith, M.R.C. 1st Lieut. Mayo Reiss, D. R. C. 1st Lieut. Alfred Schilt, D. R. C. Chaplains 1st Lieut. Eugene V. Bronson 1st Lieut. John W. Beard 1st Lieut. Alphonse L. Weber 60 CHAPTER VI FIRST PHASE OF MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE September 26-October 6, 1918 26 September. The "Jump-Off" on VARENNES (MEUSE)— A VO- COURT (MEUSE) Road to EPINONVILLE (MEUSE), North, attacking, 8 kilometers. On the 24th of September and the night of the 25/26 September, Lieu- tenant Long, commanding the Pioneer Platoon of Headquarters Company, assisted by Lieutenant McLaughlin, Battalion Intelligence Officer of the 3rd Battalion, with men detailed from each company of the battalion, located old lanes or prepared new ones through the French System of wire. While doing this, late on September 25th, they went by mistake in front of the 182nd Brigade and were shot at by the brigade sentinels. No one was hit at that time, but a little later, the regiment suffered its first casualty in action when a member of the 3rd Battalion Intelligence Section was fatally shot while on patrol. Soon after dark on the 25th of September, Colonel Davis and the Operations Officer made a last trip to Brigade Headquarters and returned with final instructions and the complete barrage map. At 23:30 o'clock, September 25th, the artillery preparation began. The great strength of artillery massed for the supreme effort was made known to the enemy with a crash that astonished our own troops. Many an innocent looking bush unexpectedly "exploded." Guns of every size were every- where. Colonel Davis expressed surprise and admiration at finding behind us more guns than he "ever knew there were in the world before." The 91st Division was substantially in the center of the 30 kilometer (about 20 mile) front of the American Army, so that the flashes and roar of artillery fire and shell explosions extended as far as eye or ear could reach on each flank as well as to the rear. The following description of this artillery fire contributed by Arthur Ruhl to Colliers' Weekly of January 11, 1919, conveys an impression of its effect: "Batteries, massed in the dripping haze, were banging away all about us — 'seventy-fives' that suddenly whacked the air with dry, sharp reports, now singly, now tumbling viciously over each other; 'heavies' that seemed to split earth and sky when they unexpectedly crashed from the near-by dark- ness; or, farther off, flung down the countryside a long thunderous resonance across the harp of the woods. * * * The whole sky flickered from horizon to horizon as if in the flares from hundreds of blast furnaces. And over our heads, now with quick, pert, almost frivolous whistles; now with long-drawn, lazy moans; and now with a rushing sound of a departing express train, the shells began racing over into the enemy's lines. Near-by batteries, firing salvos, slapped the ears with sharp, physical concussions. 61 There would be instants of pause sometimes, and then scores of detonations crowding over each other in a curious sort of localized thunder that re- minded one of torrents of great balls rolling downstairs." The night was cold, misty and very dark. The troops had moved to their positions near the trails or roads ready to pass forward to the "jump- off" line. The artillery preparation at once brought forth many signal rockets from the German lines, and a few scattered shells came south in reply. The allied artillery was evidently covering the most dangerous enemy artillery positions and as the shell fire swept overhead practically un- answered, this demonstration of the strength of the artillery support, added further confidence to the infantry. The Second Battalion had moved to its position in the Division Reserve. Colonel Davis and Regimental Headquarters were in position in a small concrete French Observation Post (at about 8794) so located in the front line trenches as to cover a large part of the Regimental Sector. By 4:30 A. M., September 26th, the 3rd and 1st Battalions had moved out of the trenches and had passed in single or double file along the trails and pre- pared lanes to their final positions on the "jump-off" line. This line lay on the northern slope of the FOReT DE HESSE and therefore in front of the French trench system except on the extreme right where the French trenches reached across to the hill north of the BUANTHE. As the dis- tances between our units were to be gained while advancing, the companies were held within easy reach of each other and the 1st Battalion was placed close behind the 3rd. A heavy mist, increased by the smoke screen layed by our artillery, baffled both the enemy's and our own vision for any distance greater than 50 feet. As the troops were moving into position a mine or a large caliber shell exploded unexpectedly between the two battalions, knocking many of the men of Companies "C" and "M" to the ground with its concussion and opening a shell hole of 30 to 40 feet in diameter. All were interested and considerably impressed but none were injured. The hands of the synchronized watches moved slowly to the Zero hour, and suddenly the crash of artillery burst into a roar, the air was crowded with shells and an enormous and beautiful burst of thermite over the enemy trenches announced the time for the advance of the doughboy. Helmeted in steel, armed with rifles with bayonets fixed, each man with 220 rounds of rifle ammunition, each company with an ample supply of Chauchat automatic rifles, a few men with rifle or hand grenades, an extraordinary collection of pyrotechnics, several pigeons, and a light load of reserve rations, the 3rd and 1st Battalions of the 361st Infantry, accompanied by the auxiliary units before mentioned, stepped out to their first attack. Scarcely anyone had slept but all were eager to "go" — they had trained a year and come to France for this big game hunt and the Wild West Division was in its element. The message which Lieutenant Fortune for two hours had held ready for transmittal to Regimental Headquarters was released at just 5 :30 with the news that the front line battalion was on its way. "Powder River" was loosed. Arthur Ruhl, in the article quoted above, again gives a glimpse of the scene in the following description: "The blackness had thinned a little by this 62 time — zero hour was approaching — but the whole semi-circle of the sky still flamed and the flashes and whistles and roars and moans filled all the waning night with a horrible beauty. * * * The broken thunder which had been pounding our ears for hours suddenly swelled into one continuous, clamor- ous note. The organ of the guns had, with the dawn, thrown out all its stops and was shaking sky and earth with its rushing diapason. From the heavies, shells that could smash a house to smithereens, came racing after each other like so many Roman candles. The seventy-fives began their "drumfire" — drumfire, literally, whole batteries flinging out their salvos in one slightly rippled Br-r-r-um! Though one could see nothing, of course, but the constant flaming and flashing, one could feel, as it were, those countless parabolas, crisscrossing, weaving their appalling canopy over our heads. Faster and faster they came, as if conscious of their mission, and racing in a sort of desperate fury to interpose their barrier before those helpless little humans over there, waiting the word to advance. A pale amethystine radiance began to suffuse the mists, and one became aware, far off above the horizon, as of something less seen than remembered, of the cold calm twinkle of morning stars." The 3rd Battalion led the way. Company "L" was on the right, Com- pany "M" on the left in the front line, Company "I" on the right, Com- pany "K" on the left in support. Battalion Headquarters was in the center. Each Company moved with two platoons in its front line and two in support. Company Command Groups were in the center of their companies. The heavy mist and thick clouds of white smoke completely hid the enemy trenches. The troops had been warned of the harmless quality of the smoke and they moved forward slowly to follow the rolling barrage that was to clear the way ahead of them, starting at the front line trenches then moving through the woods at the rate of 100 meters in each 5 minutes as the gunners on schedule time increased the range by 200 meter jumps. About three- fourths of a mile an hour, less than 25 yards a minute — between 2 and 3 full seconds for every step — it was intended to be slow enough to let the infantry- men scramble through the woods about 400 meters behind it, passing through all remaining resistance as they came. Every effort was made to keep up to this apparently simple schedule but the woods were thicker, the resist- ance greater and the direction harder to follow on the ground than on the artillery map. When, after a 2y 2 kilometer advance, the first elements of the infantry broke through the far side of the BOIS DE CHEPPY and at about 10:30 had been reorganized for further advance — they were already nearly 3 hours behind the barrage and all Germans who had obtained sufficient cover during the passing of the barrage were now free to man their concealed machine guns subject only to infantry attack. The troops came up the short, steep slope of the first German position ready for the trial of steel — but the artillery had done its work thoroughly. The whole hill top and side and for two hundred meters beyond was turned bottom-up; great holes from five to fifteen feet deep, and from ten to thirty or more feet wide were everywhere — there was not even a path left — the trenches and concrete blockhouses or "pill-boxes" were torn out of the ground, burst open and wrenched apart, so that these ruins little more than indicated here and there the trace of the old trench. Here and there the thermite was still burning in the ground or on tree stumps. The surprise 63 was welcome — the Germans were gone — the attack was a success in its first phase. The only living thing in the old front line was a fox terrier that gave a glad welcome to 1st Sergeant McKennie as he passed on with the Company "M" command group. The 1st Battalion followed the 3rd at 600 meters. The paths and trails in the woods ran at an angle of nearly forty-five degrees to the direction of advance so that compass marching became essential in holding the regiment even near to its sector. German snipers and machine gunners had held to their positions in the middle of the woods and now and again covered with their fire the paths of advance. It was necessary to break trails through the brush, to scramble through wire, and to overcome any remaining resistance. First, German equipment was found scattered about on the paths — then came the sniper and machine gun resistance. The 3rd Battalion was under orders to push on, leaving the thorough mopping up to Company "A" of the 1st Battalion. The 3rd Bat- talion Command Group pushed rapidly along, Major Miller and Lieutenant Fortune breaking trails, Lieutenant McLaughlin directing the course by compass, and Lieutenant Orton maintaining direct command of the enlisted men who were formed in line of combat groups. The bicyclists, with good judgment abandoned their impedimenta in the first tangled mass of broken concrete, barbed wire and shell-dug trenches. The panels, rockets, flares, pigeons, telephone instrument, wire, signal flags and projectors came through the first dash with but few losses. The companies necessarily lost immediate contact with each other. The Battalion Group, however, identified familiar platoons here and there and in the center of the sector met men of the 362nd Infantry who had drifted northwest with the trend of the woods trails. The 362nd Infantry was closing in from the right while the 361st Infantry in turn was moving further to the left. Several German machine gun nests offered brief resistance as the advance pushed vigorously on, but on every hand, small groups gave themselves up as prisoners with little or no resistance. Bat- talion Headquarters, shortly after 9:00 o'clock came out of the BOIS DE CHEPPY at point 8334 in the left half of the Regimental Sector and near where the VeRY-AVOCOURT road enters the woods from the North. The Headquarters, for the moment, was out of contact with its battalion. Sergeant J. O. Yuill, of the Intelligence Section, moved about 50 meters ahead of the battalion and from there saw a German officer and two men come out of a dugout near the side of the road and start to set up a machine gun to fire on the command group. He at once shot the officer and the two other Germans ran to their dugout. The officer, though wounded, reached for his pistol, whereupon the Sergeant fired again, killed the officer and went on into the dugout where he found and shot one of the two men who had at first escaped. From here a pigeon was released with a location message directed to Regimental Headquarters. The message is reported to have been delivered to Division Headquarters in about 20 minutes and from there immediately relayed by wire to Regimental Headquarters. The Regimental Sector was a little less than a kilometer in width and both Companies "L" and "M" drifted out of it to the west before reach- 64 ing the northern edge of the woods. Company "L" extended one-half a kilometer west of the western limit of the Sector, while part of Company "M" was on the left of "L" and part on the right. Each company had over- come machine gun nests and captured prisoners on the way. Of this feature Company "M" has filed the following brief report: "Some of the paths were enfiladed by snipers and machine guns and we now suffered our first casualties. Sergeant Oster was mortally wounded and died in the hospital from the wounds. Private Beach was killed instantly and Sergeant Heine- man severely wounded. We also captured prisoners here and could have taken many more, but our orders were to push ahead and leave the mopping up to another company. 1st Sergeant McKennie, with Corporal Henley and Privates Hanley, Droper and Rose captured one officer and 14 men. Corporal Lewis took 8 men of a machine gun crew singlehanded. Sergeant Rees, with a squad, took several. Corporal Amyes, with his squad took two, Private 1st Class Gale shot two who tried to escape and captured two. Private McGuire, singlehanded, captured three." Lieutenant Trouchet led the detachment of Company "M" that came out at LA NEUVE GRANGE FERME and for nearly an hour was under ma- chine gun fire at that point. Company headquarters and the 1st and 3rd platoons of Company "K" held strictly to their sector and came out at 8334 near Battalion Headquarters. Here they were detailed to mop up the western edge of the BOIS DE VERY on the right. This resulted in 75 or 80 more German prisoners. The 2nd and 4th platoons had been delayed while making the capture of several machine gun nests and later joined the 1st Battalion for the remainder of the day. Company "I" reported in and by 1 1 :00 o'clock the battalion was reformed and pushing ahead in its regular sector. The 1st Battalion had been held within the sector and substantially intact, advancing with Company "C" as the guiding unit. It cleared the woods before noon, was reformed and pushed ahead in co-operation with the 3rd Battalion. In mopping up the BOIS DE VERY, Lieutenant Ses- sions and Sergeant Anderson, each without the knowledge of the other, gallantly entered separate entrances of the same dugout, simultaneously threw their grenades and successfully mopped up the interior, all without injury to each other. At another point, some 50 Germans came out and surrendered to the 3rd Battalion Headquarters, the German officer in charge having tremendous difficulty with his dignity while holding his hands above his head and running at a trot regulated from the rear by a doughboy's bayonet. The enemy's first and intermediate defensive positions had now been cleared. The 3rd Battalion, having eaten its first reserve ration lunch, resumed the attack. During the cleaning up of the nearby western tip of the BOIS CHeHeMIN, Company "I" claims to have captured 5 machine guns and three 77mm guns. In the next gulch, Sergeant Yuill, of Company "M," (with the Battalion Intelligence Section), added to his previous record another exploit, the description of which is here quoted from the citation that later accompanied the award to him of a Distinguished Service Cross for his work that day: "Accompanied by one man, Sergeant Yuill went 65 forward to a German trench and bombed it, killing a German officer and two soldiers and held the trench until reinforced by a party of four. Fearing that the Germans in the trench would escape, he led these men five hundred meters through sniper and machine gun fire, cut off their means of escape and captured twenty-seven prisoners." Many other individual and con- certed attacks were necessary to clear the enemy's second prepared position. This position consisted not only of scattered machine guns but of a double or triple line of trenches with a double system of thick low wire entangle- ments. The trench system, however, had been placed to resist an attack from the southwest and it so happened that as the regiment advanced from the southeast, it was able to enfilade a long double section of wire and trenches so that once the machine gun nests had been cleared away, the advance was pushed rapidly through the trench system and across the gulch to the crest of Hill 252 and to the orchards immediately south of the German camp in the hamlet of EPINONVILLE. Colonel Davis and Regimental Headquarters left their observation post shortly after the troops, followed them through the BOIS DE CHEPPY, and rejoined them before noon near 8334 on the VeRY-AVOCOURT Road. Here Colonel Davis directed the reorganization and continuation of the attack and incidentally set straight several companies of the 37th Division that had drifted a little more than a kilometer to the west through the 181st Brigade Sector. In the early afternoon, Brigadier General McDonald and Major General Johnston came to this point. The Regimental and Brigade Headquarters were soon temporarily located at point 8653 where the CHEPPY-MONTFAUCON Road entered BOIS CHeHeMIN from the west. This spot, officially referred to as "Dead Horse Corner," was well marked by a German 77mm gun, several machine gun nests and a dead horse. One of several evidences that a haze surrounded the general knowledge of local geography on this first day of rapid advance was the notable explanation given by Lieutenant Martinez to his Machine Gun Platoon: "There is VERDUN," as he proudly pointed to MONTFAUCON. The Regimental Machine Gun Company had been attached to the 347th Machine Gun Battalion, but at Captain Doherty's earnest request and in answer to a call from Colonel Davis, Major Hansen of the Machine Gun Battalion, let the Captain and Lieutenant Kelsch separate one platoon from that battalion and with it seek to join the front line battalion. In anticipa- tion of difficult ground, Captain Doherty had already cut up his cart harness and improvised apparejos on which his mules were carrying the company equipment, but this platoon now jumped the BUANTHE CREEK and packed its guns by hand so as to avoid waiting for the completion of the bridges required for the animals. The 3rd Battalion had at least a two-hour start and in spite of the Doherty enthusiasm it took until noon to get the guns, tripods and ammunition through the three kilometers of brush and into the field of fire. By the middle of the afternoon the Doherty guns were in position on Hill 258, south of EPINONVILLE and engaging in reciprocal target practice with enemy machine guns and snipers. Late in the afternoon, the 3rd and 1st Battalions were on the crest of EPINONVILLE HILL and extended not only across the Regimental Sector but several hundred meters west into the 182nd Brigade Sector. Thus on 66 the first day the 181st Brigade had reached the "Corps Objective," although it was not until the morning of the third day that EPINONVILLE was com- pletely and permanently brought within the American lines. Here an officer of the 363rd Infantry is said to have brought word to Captain Doherty, intimating that the Captain's machine gun crews were in the line of fire of the machine gun company of that regiment. To this, Captain Doherty is said to have replied, that if the 363rd Infantry wished to make use of his position by moving up to it and taking over his direct line of fire upon the enemy, he would be glad to move away. It then developed that Captain Doherty was permitted to occupy his position until dusk when the line of resistance was changed for the night. It was on this day that Lieutenant Louis B. Jansen, of Company "D," who was later killed in action on October 3rd, performed the act which, with his exceptionally efficient service, won him the Distinguished Service Cross with the following citation: "For extraordinary heroism in action near EPINONVILLE, France, September 26, 1918. When the advance of his battalion was held up by an enemy machine gun nest, Lieutenant Jansen, accompanied by a soldier, crossed the enemy wire, took the position, killed one of the enemy, and captured four prisoners and two machine guns." (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VI, Jan. 30, 1919.) The losses for the day were obviously less than those of the enemy if the many German prisoners be included, but all front line units had suffered, and among the casualties were two officers, 2nd Lieutenant B. B. Taylor, of Company "A," wounded in the leg while observing and sniping in a tree top, and 2nd Lieutenant P. D. Smith, of Company "M," killed by a sniper's bullet while advancing near the crest of EPINONVILLE HILL. At nightfall both battalions maintained outposts on EPINONVILLE HILL and started to bivouack in the hollow at its foot along BARONVAUX CREEK (a place that later was all too well known as "Death Valley," "Death Hollow," or "Deadman's Gulch"). After dark the main bodies of both battalions were moved back into the German second position trenches (shown on the French maps as the CROCODILE and CAIMAN trenches) as these were better suited for resistance of a counter-attack. The nearest thing to an enemy attack that occurred that night happened when Lieutenant Fortune personally established liaison with the 1st Bat- talion and on the way back with Major Farwell suddenly discovered him- self a few yards from a long column of troops filing by in absolute silence. The fact that the troops wore overcoats marked them as not belonging to the regiment and their absolute silence indicated both hostile intent and un-American habits. Major Farwell at once returned and ordered his companies into readiness to resist an attack, then rejoined Lieutenant Fortune while the column was still filing by. Suddenly a man stumbled, fell, swore in good American style and the secret was disclosed — it was a unit of the 347th Machine Gun Battalion, wearing raincoats, and going into position for the night. The Regimental P. C. moved up twice that night and finally was located in the open on the steep southern slope of Hill 258, at about 7769. The 67 wounded were grouped together nearby in the open, but received such care, in the cold and drizzling rain, as was possible in the absence of ambulance facilities. The Operations and Intelligence Officers were sent out to the unknown location of the 1st Battalion with a verbal message of a barrage and early hour of attack. The wrong route was taken. Lieutenant Hubbel, the Intelligence Officer, finally returned and by starting again the message was delivered in time to be effective. The 2nd Battalion after joining the Divisional Reserve on the evening of September 25th, spent the remainder of that night in trenches of the old French second line of defense. These trenches were on the north side of Hill 296, known on the 1 :20,000 scale maps as the northern "COTE 290," about one kilometer northeast of Division Headquarters which were located at the southern "COTE 290." The Reserve command post was in a comfortable set of rooms in a frame building located on the steep southern slope and formerly used by the French for a similar purpose. Here, in the midst of the allied artillery, this battalion had the best opportunity of any in the regiment to see and feel the intensity of the artillery preparation. These troops remained in position at dawn, and at six o'clock received a highly valued ration of hot coffee. At about nine o'clock the Reserve moved rapidly forward under orders to prepare to fill a gap between the brigades. The battalion, on reaching the No-Man's Land of yesterday, hurried across it and on through the BOIS DE CHEPPY. Company "H," (less two platoons, that had been detailed to a Machine Gun Battalion), followed substantially the AVOCOURT-VeRY road while the others cut through to LA NEUVE GRANGE FERME. The reported gap between the brigades already had been closed without the assistance of the Reserve and late in the afternoon the battalion was reassembled, and marched northward along the AVO- COURT-VeRY road to VERY. On entering VeRY, shell fire reached the battalion but the only injury received was a slight wound to one man. The battalion halted for the night on a hillside road northeast of VeRY. Here the men slept in the cold, drizzling rain with the hillside for protection against artillery but with practically no protection against the weather. One man spent a comfortable night snuggled warmly to a horse that had been killed that day. 27 September— Environs of EPINONVILLE (MEUSE) and ECLIS- FONTAINE (MEUSE), North, attacking, 1 kilometer. At dawn, the 1st Battalion, Company "C" on the right, Company "A" on the left in the front line, Company "D" on the right, Company "B" on the left in support, passed through the outpost line of the 3rd Battalion and followed a barrage into the orchards and huts of EPINONVILLE. Com- pany "D" was still supplying the combat liaison detachments on each flank. The battalion met heavy machine gun fire from the flanks and from well- hidden sniper posts and machine guns in the orchards and hedges. Com- pany "B" had already been sent to outflank the machine guns that were firing on the battalion from the left flank when orders came to fall back while artillery shelled the enemy position. This order failed to reach one platoon of Company "B" promptly and the platoon was saved from isolation and consequent probable destruction under hostile machine gun fire only by a careful withdrawal while under the protection of Sergeant (then Corporal) 68 O'Keefe's Chauchat automatic rifle. For his courage and effective fire on this occasion the Corporal later received the Distinguished Service Cross. The artillery next took its turn and the attack then was repeated with artillery support. Apparently the barrage fell short for salvos of support- ing shells began hitting in the midst of the American troops that were already close to the objective. The enemy immediately opened up with heavy machine gun fire and as soon as the orders could be issued to accomplish it, the artillery fire and attack were stopped, and the troops drawn back. At about 9:00 A. M. the Second Battalion, then in Division Reserve located immediately northeast of VeRY, had received orders to report to its Brigade Commander. This was done by moving up the plank road along DEATH VALLEY, and General McDonald at once put the battalion in a gap that was occurring between the brigades. Thus the 2nd Battalion found itself in the front line on the left of the 1st Battalion of this regiment. A third attack was now ordered. The plan was for the 2nd Battalion to envelop EPINONVILLE from the left. Early in the afternoon it accord- ingly advanced with Companies "F" and "E" respectively, the right and left front line companies, Company "G" supporting "F," and "H" sup- porting "E." Apparently there arose a misunderstanding as to which town was EPINONVILLE, and the battalion pushed steadily on to the northwest until it reached the German position at ECLISFONTAINE about a kilometer to the front and two or three hundred meters to the left of the Regimental Sector. This action served to relieve the pressure from the left, but failed to accomplish the purpose of securing EPINONVILLE. The 1st Battalion pushed through the orchards and again occupied the huts of the town and this time substantially cleared out the enemy. The 3rd Battalion remained in support, Company "K" on the right, Company "I" on the left in the front line, Company "M" on the right, Company "L" on the left in the second line. Company "I" went to the active support of Company "B" of the 347th Machine Gun Battalion on the left of the line. Owing to the earlier experience there was considerable un- easiness as to the source of shells that hit among the troops, but this time the attack pushed ahead successfully. The One-Pounders and machine guns had done excellent and continuous service all day, and the machine gunners, in one instance, succeeded in blowing up by direct fire an enemy ammunition dump hidden in a build- ing. On this day, Company "A" lost another officer, Lieutenant Blomquist, wounded in the knee by shrapnel. Company "C" lost Captain Goodpaster, wounded in the leg, and Company "I" lost Captain Scudder, wounded in the arm. Dr. Burnside was evacuated to a hospital with a high fever, and Dr. Reiss received a slight wound which, however, did not put him out of rxtion. At dusk the troops were ordered to consolidate their position. The 1st and 2nd Battalions were sent back to the general position of the night before and the 3rd Battalion took over the front line on the crest of EPINONVILLE HILL, about one kilometer ahead of the line of re- sistance on September 26th. The day had been continuously cold and a drizzling rain had been falling much of the time. The diet was entirely 69 "bully beef" and hard tack. The chlorinated water had run out and pend- ing the arrival of the water carts, men were permitted to fill their canteens from the nearby running stream. German overcoats, gloves and blankets were being gradually added to individual equipment. Nearly all remaining carrier pigeons were here released with messages to Division Headquarters. The men had received many new experiences that day — many "close-ups" with enemy machine guns and with well hidden snipers, much fighting around hedges and stone huts, many high explosive and shrapnel shells landing in their midst, often in salvos of three and four at a time, and enemy airplanes swooping to 200 feet above our lines and sprinkling the men with machine gun bullets while at the same time evidently sending target locations to the enemy artillery. One enemy airplane had been seen to destroy in rapid succession three American observation balloons, which burst into flames while the observer sought safety with his parachute. Many men had seen in the distance on their own right flank a large body of American troops advance as in a panorama and then under enemy artillery fire, turn and move to the rear. Within the regiment the problem was growing more familiar. It was always simply a question of what the orders were and then the doing of them, and the orders were all very similar attack orders with slight shifting of the several units. All were becoming more used to the snap and crack of passing rifle or machine gun bullets, and were becoming better able to judge the danger zone of bursting shells. That day Brigadier General McDonald was frequently up with the regi- ment and the regiment with admiration watched the conduct under fire of their veteran General and Colonel. Colonel Davis, always as close as possible to the line, wore his regulation overcoat conspicuously marked on each sleeve with the five large loops of black soutache. Always stand- ing erect regardless of the heaviest machine gun, rifle or shell fire, always cool and acting just as he had in the quietest maneuvers, he was an inspira- tion to the men of his command, practically none of whom had ever before been under fire. His quiet, cheerful demeanor and undoubting confidence bred in his men a similar demeanor and a similar confidence not only in him but in themselves. The EPINONVILLE Ridge swung from EPINONVILLE southwest to VERY and behind its steep slope ran the "plank road" — a land mark and a great convenience by day and night. This road of heavy planks evidently had been constructed by the German Army for use instead of the dirt road that skirted the sky line. It ran close to the foot of the steep southern slope of the ridge and now in turn afforded protection from German fire and observation. As the road entered the Regimental Sector from the west, it turned north toward EPINONVILLE and there stopped. At this turn was DEATH VALLEY. Here first was located the Regimental Com- mand Post; then when this post moved further up the hill, here in the open and less than 500 meters from the firing line, was the Brigade P. C. ; here also was the open air dressing station and the collecting post for the wounded — and here later came the enemy shells. That night, as the 2nd Battalion withdrew from its position on the VARENNES - EN - ARGONNE, — CHARPENTRY, — DUN-SUR-MEUSE, highway (about one kilometer ahead of the main line of resistance), Com- 70 pany "F" came upon Captain Brown of the Medical Detachment, alone and attempting to care for the wounded who would now be left between the hostile lines. Lieutenants Gilbert, Moeur and Betterton, a detachment from Company "H," and Lieutenant W. M. MacKay with a platoon from Company "F," were left to assist Captain Brown. Company "H" supplied a chain of guides, and by passing from guide to guide, these details finally brought in every wounded man. Captain Brown later received the D. S. C. for his services on this night. The 362nd Infantry on the right had similarly fought back and forth and now held the town of IVOIRY, just to the right of the Divisional Sector. While the main body of the regiment was again withdrawn to the trenches south of DEATH VALLEY, the EPINONVILLE crest was thor- oughly outposted, particularly with detachments from Company "K" on the right and Company "H" on the left. Regimental Headquarters re- mained on EPINONVILLE HILL and late that night occurred an incident which Colonel Davis was later fond of relating. A series of fox holes had been dug near the telephone for the Colonel and his Staff, and the Colonel was sleeping in one close to the operator. Suddenly a shell struck close by, and just as suddenly a load landed on the Colonel with a thud, com- pletely covering him. He thought he had been covered with the flying earth, and started to push himself out when the load itself began to move and the telephone operator struggled off him with the remark, "It's sure a good thing to have a stand in with some one." Repeated efforts both on the first and second days had failed to bring ambulances up over the single, narrow, rough and crowded road that served as the division's axis of liaison. As a consequence the "litter cases" had been collected at an advance dressing station near the plank road and incidentally also near to Brigade Headquarters and as close as possible to the base of the protecting steep southern slope of EPINONVILLE HILL. The constantly increasing group soon had attracted the attention of the enemy planes and the German artillery searched the valley repeatedly. Captain Goodpaster, who had been brought in in a blanket, lay here in a fox hole and his two attendants dug other holes for themselves one on each side of him. As the Captain lay in his shelter below the surface of the ground, and his attendants, one on each side of him, sat talking on the edge of their holes with only their feet below the surface, an unannounced shell burst almost directly over the group, killing both attendants but en- tirely missing the Captain. Again and again shells passed over and be- yond the station — but late that night one fell in — it killed a dental corps assistant who was serving water to a sergeant and it also killed the sergeant and six other wounded men, while it doubly wounded more. So the night wore on with intermittent shell-fire, until early the next morning before the Brigade Headquarters had moved, another fatal shell fell in — squarely on the brigade message center. It killed three members of the telephone service and severely wounded an officer and the Brigade Sergeant-Major. Only by the same rare chance that plays about each shell-burst it missed several other officers who were in the very midst of it. On that same fatal morning another shell brought death to several of the wounded who had 71 survived the night wrapped in captured German blankets and overcoats. This was DEATH VALLEY. In the meantime the supply trains were struggling into action through the crowds of moving or firing artillery. About noon of September 26th, Captain Savage received orders to dispatch the field trains. The regi- ment's combat train under Lieutenant Quinby finally jockeyed into the lead in the division race, and having explored the impassability of any direct route north, started via AVOCOURT. Just north of AVOCOURT the combat train was split by the Military Police to loosen a traffic jam — and the leading section followed Captain Sellers of the 108th Ammunition Train to a night rendezvous near BOIS CHeHeMIN, and the next morn- ing to an advance ammunition dump at a point just north of VeRY. In the meantime the second section, under Lieutenant Quinby, worked forward independently and meeting no information as to the night rendezvous — pushed on and galloped into VeRY through artillery fire and over a barricade of German corpses that blocked the road. Hearing that the regiment held EPINONVILLE, Lieutenant Quinby later pushed by the 2nd Battalion on the VeRY hill only to encounter enemy observation and fire which suggested the need of reconnaissance. Reconnaissance (by Sergeant Smith) developed the information that the enemy still held EPINONVILLE and that further prog- ress would soon present the enemy with a combat train. Connection was now made with the 3rd Battalion south of EPINONVILLE and the ammunition was dumped nearby under directions from Major Miller. The train returned safely and again at a gallop. Lieutenant Brace's field train had a different type of experience. Ordered south to get supplies at AUBReVILLE, it spent the night of Sep- tember 25/26 tumbling off or climbing onto the road as it passed under or near the muzzles of the allied artillery. This artillery was crowded along the roadside and firing over it. As the battery salvos burst unannounced out of the pitch darkness, first the passing drivers then the mules and vehicles would be lifted and pitched by the blasts bodily into the ditch only to scramble back as rapidly as possible and move on to the next battery. About one o'clock in the morning the lighter artillery began to limber up and push northward along the same (and only) road. A sample of this phase is repeated in Lieutenant Brace's language: "It was hard enough to keep the road in the dark without getting pushed off it every few feet. We were nearly out of the BOIS DE HESSE and had had a chance to get settled a little, sufficiently at least so we could hear each other speak if we hollered as loud as possible, when a French command was heard and 'Boom' we were again eating fire. Seven rounds were fired and our disorganization was complete. Many of the horses were down and the drivers had been down several times. A Frenchman came running over to us and found a large number of us under a truck; we would all have been under it only it wasn't large enough. The Frenchman informed us that we must hurry, for they were going to fire. We left at once, for the simple reason that if v/hat we had just met was not firing, we did not care to stay for a demonstration. We arrived at AUBReVILLE about 4:00 A. M. and were entertained for some time with the German hate, but suffered no losses. The division trains were parked near a large hill. We had a 72 fine view from there and apparently so did Heinie have a corresponding view of us." The Supply trains remained at AUBReVILLE until 4:30 P. M. (Sep- tember 26th), then started their night movement, this time to the front. "Ten miles of solid traffic, roads shot up, horses all in and the night was wonderfully dark." The trains were halted until daylight about four kilo- meters north of AVOCOURT, then they moved up to the cross-roads about one kilometer southeast of VeRY, and the remainder of the day was spent touring here and there under direction of the Military Police. 28 September— EPINONVILLE (MEUSE) to BOIS COMMUNAL DE CIERGES (MEUSE), North, attacking, 2 kilometers. At 6:12 A. M., General McDonald penciled and delivered to Colonel Davis the following order: "181 Brig F - O- 8 28 Spt 18—612 AM The Brigade will attack in column of Regts at 7 oclock in the following order: 361st Inf 362d Inf The regiments will be formed with two battalions in line, the 3d battalion in support. The 362d Inf will form the brigade reserve and will detail one Co of Inf to act as combat liaison between this brigade and the 74th Brigade. One M.G. Co. 347 M G Bn will be attached to this combat liaison co. 2 Cos. 347 MG Bn will be attached to 361st Inf— The remaining Co with the Co. attached to the support Bn. 361st Inf— under command of the M.G. Bn commander will support the advance. One piece, 122d F. A. will accompany each of the leading battalions of the 361st Inf, — and the remainder under the arty commander will take up successive positions in continuous and close support of the infantry ad- vance. The arty commander will maintain close liaison with the leading Reg't. & with Brig. Hq. and answer calls for fire direct from the infantry Commander. The Artillery Commander's P. C. will be at P. C. 181 Brigade. Co B 316th Engineers & 1 Platoon Co B 346 M G Bn will form the Brigade reserve. The P. C. 181 Brigade remains at point 7080 — J B McDonald, Brig Gen — Commanding." The two days' supply of reserve rations was practically exhausted, and just in time for delivery before the attack, a new supply was made available near the end of the plank road in DEATH VALLEY. Ration details hurriedly gathered and distributed these as the troops moved out. For the third consecutive day the regiment moved to the attack. The 3d Battalion which had been in support the day before, now moved to the 73 front, and the 2d Battalion moved to attack toward ECLISFONTAINE over the ground it had taken the day before. The 1st Battalion followed the Third in support. Units of the 347th Machine Gun Battalion joined the assaulting battalions, while the Regimental Machine Gun Company accom- panied the 1st Battalion. The regiment took over the entire Brigade Sector and the 362nd Infantry was formed close in rear as Brigade Reserve. A barrage preceded the advance and when the infantry arrived, the Germans had substantially withdrawn from EPINONVILLE and ECLIS- FONTAINE, so that the remaining resistance was rapidly overcome with brief fights around scattered machine guns and snipers. Early in the afternoon, however, the 3rd Battalion worked well over to the left of the sector, at LES EPINETTES BOIS, consequently the 1st Battalion was again put into the front line, moving to the front on the right of the Third, and the Second Battalion was drawn into support. The Third Battalion was advancing with Company "M" on the right, Company "I" on the left in the front line, Company "K" on the right, Com- pany "L" on the left in support. The Second Battalion used its formation of the previous day, Company "F" on the right, Company "E" on the left in the front line, Company "G" on the right, Company "H" on the left in support. The First Battalion was working in a new formation, Company "B" on the right, Company "D" on the left in the front line, Company "A" on the right, Company "C" on the left in support. Regimental Headquarters followed closely, the first location being in an orchard immediately north of EPINONVILLE, and finally in a shack close to the shelter later officially known as the "Long Dugout" of the brigade (east of ECLISFONTAINE, at about 6691). Throughout the afternoon the attack had been meeting machine gun fire and artillery fire, and as it became possible to locate the enemy positions, Colonel Davis struggled to bring the accompanying artillery close up and into action. Finally, however, when two guns arrived close to ECLISFONTAINE, they went into position so obviously in the open that they drew fire both on themselves and the neighboring troops before their own fire could be of much effect. As the infantry reached LES EPINETTES BOIS and the BOIS DE CIERGES, the day's battle really began. The First Battalion, taking over the right flank, passed across rapidly to the BOIS DE CIERGES — meeting heavy machine gun fire from the right and left. Companies "C," "D," and "B," pushed on through the thick woods while Company "A" became temporarily separated, but later rejoined the battalion and brought with it an additional supply of ammunition. The woods had long been used as a comfortable German rest camp and had been prepared for defense. The paths were thickly camouflaged, and well covered by German sniper fire, wire was stretched between trees, and as the northern edge was reached, the woods, which were full of huts, dugouts and even clubhouses came under fire of German machine gun nests. It was nearing dusk and the companies took up positions preparatory to holding the northern edge of the woods. Company "C" was on the right, then came Company "D," and Company "B" was on the left. In the meantime the Third Battalion had reached the northern edge of LES EPINETTES. From there, its line of advance lay across bullet swept 74 fields. The objective was far ahead and the standing orders were to drive the Germans back at every opportunity. From positions in the hills in front the Germans were sweeping the woods themselves with short range machine gun fire while their artillery readily poured in shells from the heights be- yond. Casualties were occurring rapidly among officers as well as men. Captain Potter of Company "L" had just been hit by a machine gun bullet and Captain Naftzger of Company "M," slender as he was, had been hit by a machine gun bullet even while he lay prone on the ground. Lieutenant J. D. McKay, with his platoon of Company "K," here out- flanked a pair of machine gun nests which were located in the immediate front of the battalion and by its rifle fire this platoon killed every member of the hostile gun crews. Major Miller now formed his battalion to renew the attack — Company "M" on the right, Company "I" on the left in front, Company "L" support- ing the left flank and Company "K" (which had just returned from clear- ing the west edge of the BOIS COMMUNAL DE CIERGES) supporting the right flank. Lieutenant Sessions and a sergeant from Company "B" also wandered up just in time to attach themselves to Company "K." The Pioneer Platoon of Headquarters Company was still with the 3rd Battalion and the 3rd Platoon of the Regimental Machine Gun Company, under Lieu- tenant Ramsdell, as well as units of the 347th Machine Gun Battalion, were acting in cooperation. Major Miller had collapsed once that day from sheer exhaustion, but feeling the demand for action, he now placed his battalion command group (including in it the courageous and energetic French Interpreter, Adjutant Emile Hauger, armed with a rifle) between the front line companies. The Major thus led his battalion in person. As the troops came out of the woods they met a concentration of the machine gun and artillery fire that had been playing back and forth. There yet remained nearly a kilometer (over 1000 yards) to go in order to clear the field, but Major Miller, in the front line 1 never paused. He waved his men ahead, someone called "Powder River," and the war cry was echoed up and down the line. Firing from the hip as they went, they swept over the first ridge close to the BOIS DE CIERGES. The First Battalion heard and saw them come, and in spite of the previous plan and order for that battalion merely to hold the woods, over the top went Companies "B," "D" and "C," extending the attack of the right flank of the 3rd Battalion. The line swept down into a deep gulch, then up a steep hill — 300 or 400 yards long. Major Miller, wounded both in the leg and arm, was still in the front line but forced to hobble as he led the attack. "POWDER RIVER! POWDER RIVER!"— nothing could stop the charge now. The German machine guns let loose once more, the battalion crossed a shallow dip, swept up to the crest of "Miller Hill"; and there Major Miller, hit in the stomach with a fatal bullet, fell to the ground, but only to wave his battalion on with "Never mind me, take the ridge." The Germans ran in all directions — they left their guns and trenches, for the 3rd Battalion was seeing red and it chased out every German in sight, even the hostile fire from a distance was slackened, and the hill was taken. The BOIS DE CIERGES was secure, the wide semi-circle of "100 HOUR HILL" stretch- ing across the entire Brigade Sector had been won, never to be lost. The 75 Germans had been shown that if once this regiment started its attack, Germany had nothing which could stop it. Night was falling — the battalion line lay nearly two kilometers ahead of Regimental Headquarters. The Major was fatally wounded. Captain Campbell Burke, the junior but only remaining Captain of the battalion was with Company "K" clearing out snipers from the right flank, and had no news of the Major's serious condition. Lieutenant Fortune, Battalion Adjutant, accordingly assumed tem- porary command on the front line. All through the attack the Signal Platoon section, led by Sergeant Ethier had unreeled its telephone wire and on the ridge close by the line, the Battalion Headquarters was in perfect con- nection with Regimental Headquarters. While the wounded were being gathered in and the rain came on with the darkness, Lieutenant Fortune tele- phoned the situation to Colonel Davis. The Lieutenant recommended hold- ing the position, far ahead as it was. The Colonel at first favored with- drawal, then feeling the cost of the advance, the importance of the situation and his own lack of familiarily with the terrain, he authorized Lieutenant Fortune to select his own defensive position and if satisfied that it could be held to organize the line where he was. The outermost ridge was abandoned, but the defensive line was established well north of BOIS DE C1ERGES. The First Battalion dug in along the northern edge of the woods. Major Miller was carried out as rapidly as possible through mud and rain and by nine o'clock that night had been placed in an ambulance of the first group to reach the line. His wounds were too severe to give him a chance, and a short time later the regiment had lost in him its senior Battalion Commander and its own second in command. Major Farwell put into position the companies of the 1st Battalion, then reported in person to Colonel Davis to state the situation. Major Ward, of the 2nd Battalion, was also called to headquarters and instructed to take his battalion to reinforce the 3rd Battalion. It was then about six o'clock in the evening, and in the slippery mud and drizzling rain, the Second Battalion turned out for further duty. Lieutenant Betterton, as Battalion Intelligence Officer, selected the route. Slowly, through the mud, in single file, in pitch darkness, each man holding to the man in front of him, the battalion started its movement of nearly two kilometers to the Third Bat- talion by way of EXMORIEUX FERME. Halting to avoid detection while German flares lighted the landscape, or halting to insure connections along the line or to cut a way through wire, it took several hours to make the trip and it v/as long after midnight before the "fresh" battalion was settling itself in cold water and mud holes in close support of the Third Battalion. All the while, German machine gun bullets were still sweeping across the hill top whenever the German schedule called for a little long distance harassing. In the meantime, Colonel Davis and the Operations Officer went with Major Farwell to examine into the situation in the BOIS DE CIERGES, and to return again at about 2 A. M. in time to receive Lieutenant Fortune as he came in to report upon the Third Battalion. The day's work was done, the units were knit together, a little more than two kilometers of new territory and a good position across the entire brigade front had been won. The ambulance service had now come up. By noon DEATH VALLEY had been cleared of its cases, and before dawn of September 29th, the 75 76 to 100 cases that had already come back from "Miller Hill" to the new dressing station near EPINONVILLE had all been cared for and sent to the rear. Many an act of individual courage, bravery, self-sacrifice and efficiency, went unnoticed or unrewarded by official mention in this dash of September 28th, and many another passed likewise in the days that followed, for what in ordinary times was far beyond the call of duty became so common among these men as to be recognized as but the part of a worthy member of the regiment. However, whenever the modest reports of these acts officially reached the Regimental Commander, a recommendation for an award re- ceived his instant and hearty support. Thus to Major Miller's family has come the award that brings to the regiment the most highly prized of America's military decorations, the Congressional Medal of Honor. It was conferred: "For conspicuous gallantry and intrepedity, above and beyond the call of duty, in action with the enemy, near Gesnes, France, 28th September, 1918. "After two days of intense physical and mental strain, during which Major Miller had led his battalion in the front line of the advance, through the Forest of Argonne, the enemy was met in a prepared position south of Gesnes. Though almost exhausted, he energetically re-organized his bat- talion and ordered an attack. Upon reaching open ground, the advancing line began to waver in the face of machine gun fire from the front and flanks and direct artillery fire. Personally leading his command group forward between his front line companies, Major Miller inspired his men by his personal courage and they again pressed on toward the hostile posi- tion. As this officer led the renewed attack he was shot in the right leg, but he nevertheless staggered forward at the head of his command. Soon afterwards he was again shot in the right arm, but he continued the charge, personally cheering his troops on through the heavy machine gun fire. Just before the objective was reached he received a wound in the abdomen which forced him to the ground, but he continued to urge his men on, telling them to push on to the next ridge and leave him where he lay. "He died from his wounds a few days later." (W. D. G. O. 16, Sec. Ill, Jan. 22, 1919.) Heroism personified, a devoted and able commander of troops he thus died for his country and in the service of humanity. So also in this action were earned several of the Distinguished Service Crosses of the regiment. Among these, may be particularly mentioned those of Sergeant Ethier, for his service with the telephone, and of Privates Wight and Wallace Smith, both of Company "I" for their work that night in bringing in and caring for the wounded on the field in spite of their own danger and great exhaustion. Sergeant John Rees, of Company "M," who was later killed in the second phase of the MEUSE-ARGONNE drive, was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross in recognition of his fearless and able leadership of his platoon while making this advance and capturing one of the opposing machine gun nests. 77 29 September (Sunday). BOIS COMMUNAL DE CIERGES (MEUSE) through GESNES, North, attacking, 2 kilometers, and back to "100 HOUR HILL," South, withdrawing at night, \]/ 2 kilometers (net gain Yl kilometer). Shortly before midnight September 28/29, the following message started from the Fifth Army Corps Headquarters: "Message From Lakewood 3 at Lakewood 28 Sept 23 oclock. To Maroon 1. Field Order 46. 1. The attack will commence tomorrow, September 29, not later than 7 o'clock. 2. Divisions will advance independently of each other, pushing the attack with the utmost vigor and regardless of cost. By Command of Major General Cameron: W. B. Burt, Copies to: Chief of Staff. (Distribution down to Regts and Separate Bns.)" Apparently based upon this and a brief attack order from the division, the following brigade order was issued by General McDonald: "MATCH 29 Sept i8, 3:15 o'clock. F. O. 10. 1. The attack will be resumed at 7 o'clock today. Artillery fire of preparation will take place between 6:15 and 7:15 o'clock. Fire of the 6 inch Howitzer regiment will be directed on GESNES. Fire of the two regiments of 75mm will sweep through the woods W and N. W. of GESNES to a depth of 1 kilometer. 2. This brigade will attack in column of Regiments. 362nd Infantry in front with 2 battalions in the front line and one in support. A combat liaison detachment of one company 361 Inf. and 1 company 347th MG Bn attached will connect our right flank with the left flank 74th Brigade. 3. (a) The C. O. 362nd Inf. will detail 1 platoon as a combat liaison detachment to connect our left flank with the right flank 182nd Brigade. (b) The C. O. 347th MG Bn will detail one Co. to the front line Bns of the 362nd Inf. The remaining Cos of the 347th MG Bn will be under the direct command of the C. O. 347th MG. Bn, advancing in close support of the Infantry attack. (c) The 361 Inf will form the Brigade Reserve. They will be formed with 2 Bns in the line and one in support and follow the leading regiment at approximately 600 meters. 78 (d) Two 75mm guns will be attached to the leading (362) regiment, and will be at the disposal of the regimental commander. After the fire of preparation has ceased, the C. O. 122nd F. A. will take post at P. C. this brigade and will dispose his batteries in successive positions for close and continuous support of the infantry advance. The C. O. of the leading regi- ment of infantry will call direct on the Artillery Commander for support. 4. P. C. of this brigade at 6691 (large shelter in orchard) until H hour. Thereafter with the reserve at such places as may be announced. J. B. McDonald, WHC. Brig. Gen., Comdg." The Second Battalion considerably scattered but within reach of its Bat- talion Commander was already in position. The Operations Officer was sent to locate the exact positions of the 1st Battalion, and Company "K" in the tangles of the BOIS DE CIERGES. These were found under control and in huts or fox holes in the northern and western edges of the woods. Major Farwell, too weak and ill to stand, was attending to his duties, propped up in a chair in a small hut. Captain Burke, of Company "K," as commander of the Third Battalion was getting in touch with Companies "I," "L" and "M." These three companies were soon drawn back from the line and assembled in the woods in readiness to support the new advance. The 362nd Infantry was gradually moving up, and between 5:30 and 7 :00, the attack orders were reaching their front line companies and also the 2nd Battalion of 361st Infantry, which still was the "fresh" battalion of this regiment. In the midst of the tangled woods and muddy trails that had never before been seen in daylight, it was practically impossible promptly to organize the regiment for an early decisive movement as con- templated by the Corps Commander. However, the 362nd Infantry, coming up from the rear to take over the front line, started ahead at zero hour west of the BOIS DE CIERGES. It at once met such a storm of machine gun and artillery fire that it abandoned the attack for the time being. At about 10 o'clock the attack was renewed but with a similar result. Artillery fire was then carefully concentrated on the known German centers of resistance and machine gun fire was poured into LA GRANGE AUX BOIS FERME which was located on a neighboring knoll in the 37th Division Sector on the right and from which an enfilade fire had been directed on the advancing troops. Following this preparation, the brigade was again ordered to attack, this time in the middle of the afternoon, and to proceed "at all costs." As neither of the morning attempts had carried the front line far enough forward to call for a movement of this regiment in support, the delays had given time for a reserve ration breakfast, for an establishment of complete liaison, and for the men to snatch bits of needed rest in welcome warm sunlight. Regimental Headquarters was established on a knoll in the BOIS DE CIERGES near its northwest corner, telephone communication was opened with Brigade Headquarters, and with the Second Battalion. The message 79 for the Division to attack independently and regardless of cost was com- municated to each battalion. It was evident that the higher command felt the need of a supreme effort and the knowledge of this was enough. Snipers' bullets were still abroad, and Company "L" was detailed to make a final clearing of the woods. Under brigade orders Company "K" was detailed as a straggler guard to make sure that no man drifted to the rear, and that previous stragglers were guided to the front line. In pur- suance of this order, Lieutenant Tongate took one platoon of Company "K" to follow the 362nd Infantry in the attack and Lieutenant Bailey took the remainder of the company to establish a line at the rear of the brigade. As the afternoon zero hour approached, Colonel Davis was directed to insure the protection of the right flank of the division in addition to supply- ing a company as the right flank combat liaison detachment. Company "H" received the combat liaison assignment, the remainder of the Second Battalion was directed to support the 362nd Infantry in its drive north, while the First Battalion, supported by the Third (less Company "K"), was directed to insure the flank protection. As the attack developed with- out support on the right of the division, the regiment accordingly, for the fourth consecutive day, attacked the enemy as a part of the front line. At zero hour the 362nd Infantry moved out. The enemy, as though accurately aware of the movement met the advance with the heaviest artillery and machine gun barrage yet delivered. But as the brigade had its orders for the supreme effort, the 362nd Infantry moved straight through the hail of steel "regardless of cost," and with that regiment went Com- panies "E," "F" and "G," and a platoon of Company "K" of the 361st Infantry. Colonel Davis went to the First Battalion on the right flank. Just as the enemy's artillery barrage surrounded the Regimental Headquarters there came back the telephone message from the 362nd Infantry that its right flank was being cut to pieces and needed the 361st Infantry support battalion on that flank. The telephone lines stayed open just long enough to get this message through and the Second Battalion was ordered to make the change. GESNES lay two kilometers ahead in a valley beyond two hills. The advance never stopped until it reached there. With steel, smoke and dirt flying on every side the brigade moved through it. The Second Battalion, advancing in line of combat groups, never lost its formation, and while officers and men were killed or wounded on every side, each man who was unhit moved ahead, marvelling that the shells could miss so many. The 362nd pushed on to GESNES, and swung its main force to the west of the town as the Brigade Sector curved off in that direction. The Second Battalion (less Company "H") pushed ahead and now held to the right half of the sector. Company "G" was on the right, Company "F" on the left in the front line, and Company "E" in support. Captain Williams, commanding Company "F," and Lieutenant Armstrong, commanding Company "E," were put out of action during the heavy shell fire and Lieutenant Fairchild, second in command of Company "G" was so disabled by a wound that although he made a gallant effort to do so, he was unable to hobble fast enough to keep up with the line. Company "F" 80 and a part of Company "E" kept on with the 362nd to the heights west of GESNES. Two platoons of Company "G" and small detachments from "F" and "E," all under Lieutenant Lane, went straight through GESNES to the patch of woods on the hill to its north, while Captain Minick with the remainder of Company "G," a few combat groups of Company "F" under Lieutenant Hunt, and most of Company "E" under Lieutenant Hoff- man, moved ahead in such regular formation to the heights east of GESNES that Colonel A. D. Cummings (then a Lieutenant-Colonel, serving with Brigade Headquarters and advancing as Liaison Agent) remarked at the perfection of the discipline. There also joined Captain Minick a detach- ment of the Pioneer Platoon of the 362d Infantry Headquarters Company. On the hill north of GESNES, Lieutenant Lane met Major Finley of the 362d Infantry with a small group from Battalion Headquarters. The Major, however, soon moved from here, leaving Lieutenant Lane holding the position. Here also Lieutenant Johnston, with a squad from Company "E" later joined the "Farthest North" detachment. As late afternoon and dusk approached, the Germans fled. Suddenly there was almost complete silence — the Germans had abandoned their machine guns and artillery alike. American patrols went on and were seen bringing back prisoners from the direction of Hill 255 which ten days later the 3rd Battalion of this regiment (then as part of the 1st Division) was to attack at great cost. Although intermittent bursts of machine gun fire still reached Lieutenant Lane's position from the general direction of the crest of Hill 255, the heights commanding GESNES had been won, and the brigade, on its fourth day, had reached the "American Army Objective." The enemy's resistance had been broken down, and they very evidently had fled to their "third prepared position." This had been accomplished "regardless of cost," and had it been possible for the units on the right and left to have done the same, much of the great later cost — paid in the Second Phase of the Argonne Offensive — would have been saved in this sector. Senior officers had been lost on every hand, but Lieutenant Colonel Cummings was still unhurt, and in the manner related in the citation that later accompanied the award to him of the Distinguished Service Cross, he met the needs of the situation. It was also in recognition of his service on this and the preceding days of the advance that he soon received his pro- motion to the grade of Colonel. The citation just referred to is as follows: "For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 29, 1918. During the attack on Gesnes, he, then a lieutenant colonel, in addition to performing his regular duties as brigade adjutant, 181st Brigade, went forward with the front line of attack directing the organization and outposting the front line after Gesnes and the army objective beyond it had been captured. All the senior officers of the assaulting regiment hav- ing been killed or wounded in the attack on Gesnes, he unhesitatingly organized the scattered elements of the regiment, and pushed the attack home to final success." (W. D. G. O. 139, Sec. I, Dec. 24, 1918.) His work on the line accomplished, he then returned to Brigade Head- quarters with the report that so far as this brigade was concerned it could hold the American Army Objective. 81 In the meantime, however, the right flank had demanded attention. Company "H" strove to extend its liaison across the ever widening field between the stationary units on the right and the attacking units on the left. Finally Major Farwell wheeled his battalion out of the woods under another hostile hail of steel and lead, and moved over to cover the division's right flank. Company "C" was on the right, Company "A" on the left in the front line, Company "D" on the right, Company "B" on the left in support, and the Regimental Machine Gun Company was on the right at the hinge. The enemy held a nest of trenches at 6212, and commanded the long hill stretching from LA GRANGE AUX BOIS FERME at the northeast corner of the BOIS DE CIERGES northwest to GESNES. The same discipline characterized this advance as had the other — the same result followed — the hill was won and the flank was held, but this also was "regardless of cost." This movement was executed at about four in the afternoon, and while the losses to the regiment were not so great as those of the direct attack, they numbered among them Major Farwell. While lying on the ground with his adjutant and his command group he was hit by shrapnel or high explosive fragments. Wounded in the arm, hand, leg and back, he was carried to the dressing station. Hurried into the first ambulance and personally accompanied by Captain Brown of the Medical Corps, the regiment's second in command was again taken from the field. This valued battalion commander, a man of West Point training, fearless, honored, respected and loved by his command and throughout the regiment, died the next morning a few moments after the ambulance, struggling to the rear over a crowded and shell harassed road, had borne him to the dressing station at VERY. As in Major Miller, the regiment had lost another of its great soldiers. The later award to Major Farwell of the Distinguished Service Cross bore with it the following citation: "For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 28-29, 1918. He displayed exceptional personal bravery in leading his com- mand to the capture of enemy positions near Gesnes, France, September 28-29, 1918. In each of these actions his troops were subjected to heavy artillery bombardment and machine gun fire, but due to his coolness and the inspiration of his personal leadership and bravery his battalion in each instance captured and held the positions attacked." (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. V, Jan. 30, 1919.) Then came the orders to withdraw. The price of victory had already been paid, but the danger of greater loss in the exposed position was felt by the higher command to demand the withdrawal of the brigade from GESNES. It was but the fortune of war and with sad but obedient spirits the troops finally accomplished the withdrawal. Companies "C" and "A," however, dug in and remained on their hill, with Companies "D" and "B" and the Machine Guns for support. Captain Howard D. Hughes, of Company "A," now became the Battalion Commander of the 1st Battalion. To hold this position now required the holding of about three hundred meters of the neighboring sector on the right and later it required about five hundred meters of that sector. Company "H" dug in on the Division Sector line, now on the left of the First Battalion. The Third Battalion held 82 the ground to the rear and left of the First, about 300 meters in front of the BOIS DE CIERGES. This general position was on "100 HOUR HILL." The message to withdraw reached the 362nd Infantry, but failed to reach the Second Battalion of the 361st Infantry (less Company "H"). As the 362nd gradually withdrew from the left flank, the detachments of the 361st Infantry on that flank fell back with them. Captain Minick and Lieutenant Lane, on the right flank and in the center, sent out patrols to gain connection on their right and left, only to learn bit by bit that they were each alone. The Second Battalion Headquarters had now joined Lieutenant Lane, but Major Ward and Lieutenant Betterton had set out for Regimental Headquarters to get instructions. Reaching there late in the night, the withdrawal orders were explained, and Lieutenant Betterton, 2nd Battalion Intelligence Officer, Lieu- tenant Hubbell, Regimental Intelligence Officer and Lieutenant Page, 1st Battalion Intelligence Officer, set out to carry the orders. For four days and nights the Intelligence Officers had been performing their difficult and exhausting duties, as scouts, guides and liaison agents, and Lieutenant Bet- terton had not only repeatedly reconnoitered in advance of his troops and guided them in their night marches, but that very day he had gone through the inferno to GESNES and already had once practically fainted from exhaus- tion. Lieutenant Betterton's assignment was to reach Lieutenant Lane's detachment, from which he had come earlier in the night. Apparently with- out a thought of anything except his duty and without a suggestion of his condition he now set out to carry the message to the front line and to guide back the troops he had left beyond GESNES. He met Lieutenant MacKay, about midway to GESNES, with the troops from the left flank, obtained Corporal Cudd of Company "F" as a volunteer and pushed on to GESNES, but never again to be heard from. Before reaching any of the detachment in GESNES he and the Corporal suddenly met a hostile patrol and were fired upon. The Lieutenant called to the Corporal, "Run for your life, they've got me." The Corporal escaped, but not knowing Lieutenant Lane's location was unable to carry any message there. In the meantime, Lieuten- ant Lane had outposted his position, and with him still remained the 2nd Battalion Headquarters group. It was near midnight and as no orders arrived at GESNES, Lieutenant Gilbert, as Battalion Adjutant, with two men of the Intelligence Section, set out to gain information. Struggling slowly back in the mud and rain, he at length reached Regimental Headquarters. On the way he met Captain Minick, moving South with his detachment, which after its failures to find any neighboring troops was already withdrawing. This detachment now halted until it should learn the result of Lieutenant Gilbert's mission. At headquarters, Captain Smith, the Regimental Adjutant, and Lieutenant Bur- ton as Operations Officer turned out to assist Lieutenant Gilbert. The Opera- tions Officer went with Captain Burke to arrange a disposition of the left flank of the Third Battalion to cover the front. Captain Smith, with Lieutenant Gilbert, went to Captain Minick's detachment, which was now directed to move on to the BOIS DE CIERGES, and then Lieutenant Gilbert, with dawn rapidly approaching, hurried on to GESNES. Under cover of the morning mist this last detachment of the 2nd Battalion withdrew safely, just receiving a light burst of long range machine gun fire as the column was about to 83 reach the American line of outguards. One man of this platoon was captured by the Germans — one of the only two prisoners who ever were captured from the regiment. The men of Companies "E" and "F" and a few from Company "G" that had assembled under Lieutenant MacKay, were now placed behind the crest of the extreme left of "100 Hour Hill" and the line of defense across the Brigade Sector was complete. The position extended not only across the Brigade Sector, but about 300 meters beyond that sector to the right. The entire line was manned by the 361st Infantry with supporting machine guns, while behind this line the troops of the 362nd Infantry and the other GESNES detachments (except those of Lieutenant MacKay which remained temporarily on the left of the line) , were afforded a badly needed opportunity to rest and reorganize in the vicinity of LES EPINETTES BOIS. Early on the morning of September 29th, Captain Bird, M. R. C, of the 347th Machine Gun Battalion, and Lieutenant Smith, M. R. C, of the 361st Infantry, opened a new dressing station in a large German barracks near EPINONVILLE. Wounded men were treated here steadily during the day, and toward night when word was received of the large losses in the GESNES attack, the band, all available litter men and the Y. M. C. A. men were pressed into active service with the medical detachment. A detachment of infantry from the 3rd Battalion was also added to the force. When the litters ran short, many men were carried on improvised litters made from poles and captured blankets. The main dressing station was completely filled. Lieutenant Smith with three men, and Private Eckert working independently, opened two stations in the BOIS DE CIERGES. Lieutenant Smith's station was unique in that it was a German split-log bungalow, marked with the skull of a horse nailed to the gable. Medical aid was given under intermittent shell fire with practically no lighting facilities, and the service involved long litter carries from the field to the station and thence to the ambulances, usually a total distance of more than a kilometer. This was but a sample of the faithful and able work of the Medical Detachment and the band. On the same day Lieutenant Burnside returned to the detachment from the hospital. In addition to officers before mentioned as killed, wounded or missing, there were now to be numbered the following wounded Lieutenants: Coffey, of Company "E," Moeur and Wright of Company "H," Bissett of Company "I," Gray (of Company "I"), 3rd Battalion Gas Officer, Haas of Company "L," and Orton (of Company "M") 3rd Battalion Liaison Officer. Colonel Davis, wounded in the finger, was on duty as usual; Lieutenant Batman of Company "I," and Lieutenant Coats of Company "L" were slightly wounded, but were on duty, and Lieutenant McLaughlin (of Company "I"), 3rd Bat- talion Intelligence Officer, was gassed, but refused to allow himself to be sent to the hospital. Lieutenant Lamping of Company "M," under orders from higher authority, left on detached service to attend Staff School at LANGRES. Lieutenant Brace had by now moved the regimental ration dump from BOIS MUGUET (6843) to "KELLEY'S CUT," which was a sunken road immediately west of EPINONVILLE, named for Lieutenant Kellas of the Supply Company. From here "reserve" (now in fact "regular") rations of corned beef and hard tack were issued on the night of September 28th, and 84 the animals were immediately sent back for eight rolling kitchens, this being all that could be hauled. Lieutenant Kellas brought up the kitchens by the main road, swung them into the BOIS DE CIERGES and opened them for business on the north edge of the woods as near as possible to the line. The effort was highly appreciated and for the first time in four days many men that night had a taste of cooked food. The kitchens, how- ever, immediately drew the enemy artillery fire, and by this shell fire the Machine Gun Company kitchen, while seeking a new location, was over- turned and thoroughly riddled by shell fragments. The Supply Company saved no kitchen for itself, and in these days Cooks Toy and Chong fed the "mule-skinners" with food that tasted as good as ever but was cooked on a strip of sheet iron bolstered up over a fire built between rocks. 30 September-3 October— 100 HOUR HILL, extending from BOIS DE BAULNY to LA GRANGE AUX BOIS FERME, 300 meters north of BOIS COMMUNAL DE CIERGES (MEUSE), outpost duty under fire, and to BOIS CHeHeMIN (MEUSE), Southeast, night marching, 5 kilometers. Brigade Field Order No. 11, of September 30th, announced that "the attack of the V Corps will not be continued today. The present line of the 91st Division will be held and every effort will be made for a resump- tion of the offensive on the following day." But the offensive was never resumed here by this division. For "one hundred hours" — four days and four hours (with slight variations of time for the different companies), the regiment outposted the same line. For a time this line was nearly 2 kilometers wide and once for a brief period every company in the regiment and many machine guns were forced to be on the line of outposts. While the 362nd Infantry was being reorganized and held in Brigade Reserve, and the divisions on the right and left were being relieved, the front line company locations were gradually shifted about as LA GRANGE AUX BOIS FERME was taken over by neighboring troops, or as Companies "C" and "A" were withdrawn from their isolated positions ahead of the line, and finally as the First Battalion was moved in from the right and brought entirely within the brigade's original sector. The Second Battalion, when reorgan- ized, was moved into the BOIS DE CIERGES in support. Captain Doherty's machine guns carefully camouflaged and manned by crews that were changed only at night, continued throughout to be a main reliance against attack on the right flank. A platoon of Company "F" succeeded Company "K" as provost guard. It was here also that Lieutenant Brightbill of Company "D" was assigned to the command of Company "A" which was particularly short of officers. The men all had dug single or double shallow holes into the reverse slope of the hill, and while the outguards watched from the crest, the rest lay in safety from everything except the comparatively rare direct hits from artillery fire. The enemy, however, taking advantage of the lull, were evidently reorganizing their positions on the hills beyond and were con- stantly directing harassing machine gun and artillery fire on any suspicious assembly point, and particularly wherever a curl of smoke indicated a kitchen fire. The men now gathered up blankets, straw, tar paper, boards and doors to cover their holes from the weather. Some men had at first been evacuated with feet frozen during the cold and wet nights, but this danger had passed with the advent of the covered fox hole. Sometimes it 85 would be practically quiet across the entire regimental front except for an officer, runner, or detail moving about with messages or on errands. A direct hit sometimes brought quick death to a man or a pair of men, long before even those nearest knew of the fatality. Colonel Davis, as usual, made occasional trips walking along the front line, unmindful alike of artillery, machine gun and rifle fire. On September 30th, Lieutenant Fortune stepped out of his hole in the 3rd Battalion group, only to find on his return Lieutenant "Johnnie" Long, of the Pioneer Platoon of Headquarters Company, comfortably cuddled in it. After a brief argument, Lieutenant Fortune moved into another hole a few feet away. A few moments later a direct hit instantly killed Lieutenant Long where he lay dozing peacefully, and also killed an enlisted man who was leaning over the hole about to speak to him. In Lieutenant Long the regiment lost one of its most dependable, cheerful and popular members. On October 1st, Major Ward was evacuated to a hospital for exhaustion, thus leaving the regiment with no field officers save its Colonel. Captain Smith, the Regimental Adjutant and the ranking Captain present, was now second in command of the regiment and was assigned to the command of the 2nd Battalion. Scarcely an hour later, as he was familiarizing himself with his new command and communicating to it his own great enthusiasm, he was almost instantly killed by a shell splinter in the heart. This oc- curred as he was returning from a visit to the line and when, with his Adjutant and Liaison Officer, he lay on the ground trying to dodge a salvo of high explosive shells. For the fourth time the regiment lost its second in command and a Battalion Commander. Captain Frank Heath, of Head- quarters Company, was now assigned to command the battalion. The regiment continued without a Regimental Adjutant, Lieutenant Burton, as Operations Officer and Assistant Adjutant, taking over the then comparatively light duties of that office in action. On October 1st, Lieutenant J. D. McKay of Company "K" succeeded to the duties of 3rd Battalion Intelligence Officer, because Lieutenant McLaugh- lin had been so badly gassed as to be unable to continue actively on duty. On the same day Lieutenant Page, Intelligence Officer of the 1st Battalion, was wounded in the arm and his work was taken over by Lieutenant Howard of Company "C." On October 3rd, Lieutenant McKay was severely wounded by shell fire, and on the same day Lieutenant Jansen, a valued officer of Com- pany "D," with 10 years experience as a regular army non-commissioned officer, and who already had earned the award of a Distinguished Service Cross, was killed. The chief asset of the regiment in these days was cheerfulness, a spirit emanating from Colonel Davis himself, who refused to tolerate any other attitude. Feeling keenly each loss to the regiment, and realizing thoroughly the nervous strain and continued exposure to which his men were being subjected, he did everything in his power to make their condition clear to the higher authorities while at the same time he used every possible effort to care for the military situation, to bring up rations, water, ammunition and equipment, and even to bring up some of the RENDEZ-VOUS DE CHASSE squad rolls that had been left a kilometer and a half behind the jump-off, at a point now a total of over thirteen kilometers to the rear. 86 Regimental Headquarters was established in a shallow dug-out in the northern part of the BOIS DE CIERGES, just under ground, and under a thin corrugated iron and earth covered roof, which made it practicable to keep candle lights burning continuously without exposure to observation. This dug- out had been discovered by the 2nd Battalion Headquarters on September 30th, and requisitioned for the regiment. In it were four shelves and a long table that served as bunks-de-luxe for at least six persons, including the Colonel. Here on the evening of October 2nd was held an Officers' Call for the battalion officers that will long be remembered as typical of the Colonel's spirit. The meeting was called principally for recreation and as the Colonel passed around a box of cigars, he joined the newly made Battalion Commanders and their Adjutants in an hour of cheer under shell fire. One bit of his philosophy, expressed on another occasion, has been cherished — "It's a great war — if you die, die cheerfully, it isn't every one that has a chance to die gloriously." It was here that the Battalion Com- manders, expressing the confidence of the regiment in the Colonel, urged upon him greater care for his personal safety, and he sufficiently acceded to their request to take with him thereafter on his personal tours, a body guard of at least one man. On the firing line the same spirit lived in practically every fox hole. As one "Whizz-Bang" crashed into the hillside and a fuse head hummed across the field and hit beside a machine gunner's fox hole, he poked up his head, reached out, picked up the fuse head, examined its serial num- ber, seriously pulled out his identification tags, examined his own number, compared the two, then cheerfully remarked to his "bunkie," — "Not mine but damn near the same." Cooked food was now coming to the front. The kitchens, always a target, were nevertheless kept at the north edge of the woods. By platoons or smaller groups the men came back to a hot meal of stew or rice and coffee, and stayed by to draw "seconds." At meal times Company "H" was regu- larly met by the artillery fire of a watchful German battery and on October 1st, at one of these meals, its Company Commander, Captain Conner, was hit in the elbow by a shell fragment, which forced him to go to the rear for hospital treatment. Once in a while a delicacy appeared on the front line. One day in the heat of shell fire Private Ohneck, the orderly of Lieutenant Fortune, crawled to the Lieutenant's fox hole, drew from his shirt a mess kit, opened it and, upon disclosing a fried chicken, hurried to apologize for the somewhat torn condition of the fowl, because at two hundred yards rifle fire, he had failed to hit the wandering German chicken in the head. On about October 2nd the Italian Pigeoneer, Lorenzo Curti, of Com- pany "L," saluted Lieutenant Valentine and said, "Lieutenant, Sir, the last leetle peege is seek; can no fly home" (and confidentially) "let's kill heem and eat heem." The Lieutenant, however, gave the pigeon its chance, and upon obtaining its release it made good progress toward home. Corporal Ward of Company "L" had a scheme of his own to avoid standing in the mess line. At meal time he would wait until the unfailing German shell fire searched for the kitchens and scattered the crowd, then he would remark, "Well, I guess I'll get something to eat," and would wander over to the kitchen and help himself to a complete menu. 87 The citation of Cook Regnvald Johnson of Company "B," accompany- ing the award to him of the Distinguished Service Cross, tells the story of his service and that of his companions at the kitchen of that company: "For extraordinary heroism in action, near GESNES, France, September 29th to October 1, 1918. Under heavy shell fire and badly wounded, he constantly assisted for three days in cooking for an entire battalion in the front line." (W. D. G. O. 139, Sec. I, Dec. 24th, 1918.) The kitchen of Company "K," shot full of holes, still remained on the front line and functioned as far as its condition would permit. Wagoner Windell, of the Supply Company, one night missed the BOIS DE CIERGES entrance trail, and with his water cart passed too far towards LA GRANGE AUX BOIS FERME along the road to DUN-SUR-MEUSE. He was seen by a German "watchful waiter," and was showered with lead and steel. Shot through the sole of his shoe, and his water tank cut six inches behind the driver's seat, he hurried back only to report that "If I had stayed a little longer, I couldn't have pulled my old sieve home." The supply, ammunition and equipment service to the front line won much deserved credit. This service was under the general control of Captain Savage. It was further directed night and day by Lieutenant Quinby in charge of the Combat Train, Lieutenant Brace and Regimental Supply Sergeant Zimmer, in charge of the Supply Train from the Division Dump to EPINONVILLE, and then by Lieutenant Kellas with Regimental Supply Sergeant Morriss and Supply Sergeants Beattie and Swanson, in charge of supplies from EPINONVILLE to the kitchens. This work was accomplished with an inadequate number of inadequate animals that in several instances fell to the ground in their harness, or under the saddle, asleep or dead from exhaustion. Colonel Davis more than once remarked of these officers and men. "They're wonders, I don't see how they do it." On the night of October 2/3, Lieutenant Quinby and his combat train were located near EPINONVILLE, just across the road from the brigade dump of small arms ammunition. Three German shells hit the boxes of ammunition, which immediately began to blaze. The sentinel woke Lieu- tenant Quinby, who at once tried to put out the fire with blankets and earth. By this time the rifle ammunition was beginning to sputter and explode and Wagoners Harris and Parks responded to the lieutenant's call for volunteers. These three saved not only the ammunition dump, but the lives of those nearby, by personally carrying each flaming and sputtering box to an embankment and spilling the ammunition over the edge. The dumps and kitchens were moved from place to place, but they never completely dodged the shell fire. On a last tour of inspection on the night of October 3/4 in the midst of the German barrage, a shell killed Regimental Supply Sergeant Morriss and wounded Lieutenant Kellas. Many Chauchat automatic rifles had been disabled, many automatic riflemen killed or wounded, and a special service was instituted to collect abandoned Chauchats, refit them for service and resupply the front line. During this interim of four days on the line, a few new replacements were received and added to the ranks. The medical detachment operated as a regimental unit, and by using relays of two or more doctors on duty at a time, furnished continuous service. The band and other litter bearers worked steadily, so that the system for evacuating the wounded was never severely clogged. Just prior to the final enemy barrages on the night of October 3/4 the dressing stations were cleared, so that when the barrages took their heavy toll from the men of this regiment and of the relieving troops, every possible medical service was given before the detachment withdrew on the following morning. Mr. Christian and Mr. Davis of the Y. M. C. A. worked with the detachment as litter bearers from the main station to the ambulances, and on several occasions worked to and from the advance station in the woods. Mr. Christian, by October 1st had also obtained a sufficient supply of chocolate so that for the last three days there was available at the main station, for every wounded man who could take it, a drink of hot chocolate. On October 3rd, the Y. M. C. A. furnished a limited supply of tobacco and cigarettes that was evenly divided among the companies on the line. On the afternoon of October 3rd, came the order that the troops would be relieved at midnight by the 32nd Division. The message was sent to the several commanders, but the order was not issued to the troops, lest any movement or preparation by daylight should attract the attention of the enemy. At dusk, whether because of knowledge of the impending relief, or as part of a barrage intended to check an advance, or merely on general principles, the evidently reorganized German artillery put down on the whole line and on the BOIS DE CIERGES in particular a barrage of heavy and light artillery. This lasted about half an hour and included salvo after salvo of shells at such a rate that approximately 200 shells landed each minute within the hearing of each locality on the line. Colonel Davis was out at the time, but toward the end of the barrage, returned through it to the Regimental Headquarters, accompanied only by a body guard of one or two and all were unhurt. The shells were of all kinds, great and small, gas and high explosive. Trees and branches were broken down everywhere, and the Colonel admitted with relief that he didn't know v/hether he was going to get back or not. Already before his arrival, there had come others. One man and then another had come to the head- quarters with eyes distended, gasping for breath, and unable to stand — and had reported in a terror-stricken voice: "All is lost — the Germans are attacking out there, the troops are coming back — all is lost." But no troops had yet come back, and these men bore no written or oral message from their commanders. Their overstrained nerves had broken and Chaplain Beard gradually quieted them while the headquarters awaited more authori- tative news from the front. The telephone lines had been repeatedly cut by the shells, and although the signal platoon detail was out in the shell fire working, patrolling and repairing the wires as faithfully and fearlessly as always, they could not keep the lines intact. Finally came a regular runner from the First Battalion. He saluted and calmly handed in his mes- sage which stated that the battalion was preparing for a German counter- attack, that the front was well prepared with rifles and automatics, that patrols were out in front of the lines, and that the Germans had not yet advanced. It was learned later that on this occasion Company "B" had built up a firing line that included 21 automatic rifles as well as the rifles of the individual 89 riflemen. The barrage finally stopped, but after an interval of perhaps fifteen minutes, it came on again, this time for about twenty minutes, but still with no infantry attack behind it. By nine o'clock at night the relief movement was under way, and it progressed on the following plan: The Third Battalion took over the entire front, preparatory to turning it over to the troops of the 64th Infantry Brigade (32nd Division), that were to be guided up by Lieutenant Fortune. The Second Battalion withdrew, followed by the First, and finally by the Third. Except for the deaths caused by one shell that wiped out a full squad of Company "C," the losses of this regiment during the relief were slight. The troops withdrew for five kilometers straight across country to the BOIS CHeHeMIN, thus leaving the roads upon for the 32nd Division. The Second and First Battalions were in their new position before dawn, the Third arrived by eight o'clock in the morning. Regimental Head- quarters was again at Dead Horse Corner (8653). 4-6 October, BOIS CHeHeMIN (MEUSE)— Resting. On the morning of the 4th most of the troops slept. At noon, the crowded regimental bivouac was reorganized, and the companies were as- signed to more definite and orderly locations. A large ration dump of the 32nd Division was directly at the side of the camp, and several precious delicacies, such as jam, were captured before a sufficient guard was sent to assist the ration detail in protecting its treasures. Captain Savage now actively rushed up new supplies. The kitchens, except for four shattered souvenirs left in the BOIS DE CIERGES, were brought in and placed near their companies, the packs and rolls (other than those now forever lost in the BOIS DE CIERGES) were brought up. Later an ample supply of new blankets was issued. The men began to stretch their legs, to enjoy the peace of a day substantially out of range, and to shave their beards of ten days' growth. The fact that on October 4th a few shells reached these woods and caused a casualty in a neighboring artillery unit did not disturb the welcome peacefulness of being out of the line. On October 5th, the morning was again devoted to rest. An Officers' Call and reunion was held at eleven o'clock. Every line company except "D," "G" and the Machine Gun Company was now commanded by a Lieutenant. Companies, platoons and squads were reorganized, rifles and pistols cleaned and oiled, and with the welcome shelter of many of the "pup" tents, the regiment already began to look far better than on the day before. At company formations the following General Order was read to the troops: "(280— FOR OFFICIAL CIRCULATION ONLY) HQ. 9 1ST DIV. A. E. F. October 4, 1918. GENERAL ORDERS: No. 24. I. The following letter which has just been received from the Com- manding General 5th Corps, is published for the information of all con- cerned. It is a source of great gratification to the Division Commander that 90 the Division in its initial fight acquitted itself in such a credible manner as to bring forth this letter from the Corps Commander: HEADQUARTERS FIFTH ARMY CORPS American Expeditionary Forces France, 3d October, 1918. From : Commanding General, V Army Corps, To: Commanding General, 91st Division. Subject: Relief of 91st Division. Under orders from First Army, the 91st Division will be relieved from the front line tonight and placed in Corps Reserve. The Corps Commander wishes you to understand that this relief results solely from a realization by higher command that your Division has done its full share in the recent success, and is entitled to a rest for reorganization. This especially as during the past three days it has incurred heavy casualties when circumstances would not permit either advance or withdrawal. At a time when the divisions on its flanks were faltering and even falling back, the Ninety-First pushed ahead and steadfastly clung to every yard gained. In its initial performance, your Division has established itself firmly on the list of the Commander in Chief's reliable fighting units. Please extend to your officers and men my appreciation of their splendid behavior and my hearty congratulations on the brilliant record they have made. Geo. H. Cameron, Major General, Commanding. WHJ 20:15-20:28 BY COMMAND OF MAJOR GENERAL JOHNSTON: OFFICIAL: D. J. Coman H. J. Brees, Major, A. G. Colonel, General Staff, Acting Adjutant Chief of Staff." GENERAL DISTRIBUTION. Here Lieutenant Hunt, a graduate of the Fort Sill, Oklahoma, Bayonet Course, was met by an order sending him at once back to the United States as a bayonet instructor, and here an order that had been issued, but not received, before the jump-off, brought promotions to captaincies for Lieutenant Armstrong of Company "E," already wounded, and for Lieu- tenant Burton, the Acting Operations Officer. Soon the activities of former days were again under way. Captain Kanzler located his personnel force in a neat deep dugout and the type- writers were busy at the records. The troops were paid. The Y. M. C. A. 91 brought up cigarettes, chocolate and writing paper. A batch of personal mail was conjured up by Chaplain Beard and many officers and men snatched the opportunity to write home of their safety. Chaplain Bronson, who had succeeded Lieutenant Brace as Burial Officer, was still busy on the line, assisted by a burial detail from the Pioneer Platoon. Lieutenant McLaughlin was placed in charge of a detail to count and check up captured materiel. Other officers were detailed to locate areas for grenade and automatic rifle practice. Warning orders were re- ceived on the 6th, indicating a new move, but no movement was made until the morning of October 7th. The regiment had been in action a little more than eight days — every day in the front line — four days attacking, four days holding the line. Including the capture of GESNES, the regiment had covered a depth of well over 13 kilometers (about 8|4 miles) of enemy territory, and the brigade had turned over to the 32nd Division an 11 Vi kilometer advance of over one kilometer in width. With the 362nd Infantry and 347th Ma- chine Gun Battalion, the regiment had captured sections of the BOIS DE CHEPPY, BOIS DE VeRY, and BOIS CHeHeMIN, the settlement of EPINONVILLE, LES EPINETTES BOIS, BOIS COMMUNAL DE CIERGES, and the town of GESNES; the last town, however, had been relinquished under orders issued because of failure of flank support for the division. Also, with the co-operation of the 182nd Brigade the regi- ment should be credited with the capture of the hamlet of ECLISFONTAINE. The regiment had passed the CORPS OBJECTIVE, and had reached, but had withdrawn from, because of failure of flank support, the AMERICAN ARMY OBJECTIVE. It had captured its section of the hostile first posi- tion, hostile intermediate position (HAGEN STELLUNG), hostile second position (VOLKER STELLUNG— the CAIMAN and CROCODILE TRENCHES) and in the GESNES attack had forced the enemy back to his third prepared position. During this period 1 1 German officers and 2,360 men had passed through the 91st Division prisoners' cage. In addition to citations and awards of decorations listed in the appendices to this volume, the following recommendations for promotion for gallantry and efficiency in this action were made by Colonel Davis on the field and the notice of the granting of these promotions, without the usual certificates and physical examinations of routine promotions, was received at Regimental Head- quarters on October 16th: To be Majors: Captain William J. Potter, of Company "L" (wounded). Captain Ora Goodpaster, of Company "C" (wounded). Captain Roy E. Naftzger, of Company "M" (wounded). Captain Frank P. Doherty, of Machine Gun Company. To be Captains: 1st Lieutenant James C. Fortune, Adjutant of 3rd Battalion. 1st Lieutenant Richard C. M. Page, Intelligence Officer of 1st Battalion (wounded). 92 This regiment's losses had been as follows: FIRST PHASE "MEUSE-ARGONNE" OFFENSIVE September 26-October 4 (inclusive), 1918 Compauies and Detachments Killed OFFICERS Wounded Field and Staff 3 1 "A" 2 "B" "C" 2 "D" 1 "E" 2 «p» 1 "G" 2 "H" 3 "I" 5 "K" 1 "L" 3 "M" 1 2 Hq. 1 M. G. Sup. 1 Med. Det. 1 ENLISTED MEN Missing Killed Wounded Prisoners Totals 4 55 75 74 57 74 47 71 63 72 76 59 82 54 28 6 9 Total 6 26 1 208 664 1 906 14 39 21 54 27 45 10 46 18 53 11 35 15 53 9 51 19 48 12 63 13 43 19 60 10 43 4 24 3 2 3 5 93 ROSTER OF OFFICERS, 361 ST INFANTRY October 7, 1918— at Return to Front, 2nd Phase of MEUSE-ARGONNE Offensive. Regimental Headquarters Colonel William D. Davis Lieutenant Colonel Major John J. Sellwood, Regimental Surgeon Captain , Regimental Adjutant Captain Jacob Kanzler, Personnel Adjutant Captain Harold H. Burton, Operations Officer and Assist- ant Regimental Adjutant 1st Lieut. Eugene V. Bronson, Regimental Chaplain 2nd Lieut. Edward A. Valentine (Co. "L"), attached as Regimental Liaison Officer 2nd Lieut. Oliver Voderberg (Co. "G"), attached as Regimental Gas Officer Captain Jean Champion, of French Army, attached as member of French Commission 1st Lieut. Robert Guibert, of French Army, attached as member of French Commission 1st Battalion Captain Howard D. Hughes (Co. "A"), Commanding 1st Lieut. Donald G. Abel, Adjutant 1st Lieut. Charles H. Moore, Jr. (Co. "K"), attached as Gas Officer 2nd Lieut. Robert C. Howard (Co. "C"), attached as Intelligence Officer 2nd Lieut. Errol W. Proctor (Co. "D"), attached as Liaison Officer. Company "A" Captain 1st Lieut. Roscoe V. F. Brightbill 1st Lieut. Ellis Bates 1st Lieut (2nd Lieut. Merriam J. Howells, S. D. as Liaison Officer, 181st Brig. Hq.) 2nd Lieut Company "B" (Captain Wallace T. Downing, D. S. as Instructor at Army Candidate School) 1st Lieut. Gustave B. Appelman 1st Lieut. Gilpin S. Sessions 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Southall R. Pfund 2nd Lieut Company "C" Captain 1st Lieut. Charles H. Hudelson 1st Lieut. Gerrit V. W. Wood 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut Company "D" Captain Friend S. Dickinson 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Thomas G. Ware 2nd Lieut 94 2nd Battalion Captain Frank Heath (Hq. Co.), Commanding 1st Lieut. Curtiss R. Gilbert, Adjutant 1st Lieut. Jesse T. Wilkins (Co. "H"), attached as Liaison and Gas Officer Company "E" Captain 1st Lieut. Henry P. Hoffman 1st Lieut 1st Lieut (2nd Lieut. Ernest L. Damkroger. D. S. in charge of Div. Warehouse at Meuse) 2nd Lieut. Frank R. Johnston Company "F" Captain 1st Lieut. Wallace M. MacKay 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Jack Sweat 2nd Lieut Company "G" Captain Clarence J. Minick 1st Lieut. Lester M. Ellis 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Uil Lane 2nd Lieut Company "H" Captain 1st Lieut. Ira G. Towson 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Harry J. Craig 2nd Lieut 3rd Battalion Captain Campbell Burke (Co. "K"), Commanding 1st Lieut. James C. Fortune, Adjutant 1st Lieut. James R. McLaughlin (Co. "I"), attached as Bn. Intelligence, Liaison and Gas Officer Company "/" Captain 1st Lieut. Robert S. Batman 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Robert A. Woodyard 2nd Lieut Company "K" Captain 1st Lieut. John E. Bailey 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. James M. Tongate 2nd Lieut Company "L" Captain (1st Lieut. Gregg M. Evans, D. S. School at Langres) 1st Lieut. Ronald E. Everly 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Alva J. Coats 2nd Lieut Company "M" Captain (1st Lieut. Frederick F. Lamping, D. S. at School at Langres) 1st Lieut. Francois Trouchet 1st Lieut. William J. Edick 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut 95 Headquarters Company Captain 1st Lieut. Charlie A. Valverde (One Pounder Platoon) 1st Lieut. Earle G. McMillen (Sap- pers and Bombers Platoons) 1st Lieut. Harold C. Hubbell (Intel- ligence Officer) 2nd Lieut. Ray R. Vincent (Signal Officer) 2nd Lieut. Ernest K. Murray (Sap- pers and Bombers Platoon) Machine Gun Company Captain Frank P. Doherty 1st Lieut. George E. Kelsch 1st Lieut. Lewin W. Martinez 2nd Lieut. George V. J. Ramsdell 2nd Lieut. Reginald H. Linforth 2nd Lieut Chaplains 1st Lieut. Eugene V. Bronson 1st Lieut. John W. Beard 1st Lieut. Alphonse L. Weber Supply Company Captain Leon E. Savage 1st Lieut. Fred L. Brace 1st Lieut. James A. Quinby 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut , 2nd Lieut Medical Detachment Major John J. Sellwood, M. R. C, Reg. Surgeon Captain Paul F. Brown, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Fred B. Coleman, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Leland C. Mcintosh, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. John L. Burnside, D. R. C. 1st Lieut. Ernest C. McKibben, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Mayo Reiss, D. R. C. 1st Lieut. Clyde Ruff, M. R. C. 96 CHAPTER VII SECOND PHASE OF MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE October 7-12, 1918 7-8 October. BOIS CHeHeMIN (MEUSE) to BOIS DE CHEPPY (MEUSE), Southwest, marching, 3 kilometers and to vicinity of GESNES (MEUSE), North, night marching, 15 kilometers. Although the regiment did not know it until later, the 181st Brigade, by special telephonic orders of the Fifth Corps, 5:15 P. M., October 6th, was detached from the 91st Division, and the Brigade Commander was directed to report to the Chief of Staff of the First Corps, for further orders. Pur- suant to orders of the First Corps, the brigade moved on the morning of October 7th to the northern edge of the BOIS DE CHEPPY. The regi- ment, still in ignorance of the orders separating it from the 91st Division which (less the 181st Brigade) was moving south to a rest area, took a three kilometer hike to the southwest. It crossed the AVOCOURT-VeRY Road, and pitched a regulation shelter tent camp in the fields just north of the BOIS DE CHEPPY, near point 7224, fondly believing that it too was en route to a rest area and somewhat mystified by this short march out of its original sector. The field trains, hampered by the one-way road system traveled around in a great circle nearly all day and reached the camp just in time to provide the materials for a hot afternoon meal. The Personnel Office moved to the new location and here it remained throughout the second phase of the battle. At least once during the coming engagement the enemy airplanes bombed this place but no loss was suffered in men or records. Further change of command during the day placed the brigade again under the Fifth Corps, and at 3:00 o'clock that afternoon, General Mc- Donald, in accordance with a corps order, issued his Field Order No. 12, announcing that the troops of the brigade had been temporarily detached and assigned as follows: To the 32nd Division: 361st Infantry and 347th Machine Gun Battalion; to the 1st Division: 362nd Infantry. The troops assigned to the 32nd Division were directed to proceed at 4:00 P. M., (later changed to 5:00 P. M.), under command of Colonel Davis, to the BOIS DE BAULNY and to the area immediately south of that woods ready for prompt movement to the front. The 362nd Infantry was to move to a position in LES BOULEAUX BOIS, just west of ECLISFONTAINE, there to join the 1st Division's Reserve. In some cases even without finishing the newly arrived meal, the troops moved off at dusk. A cold, drizzling rain fell constantly, and the regiment (in order of battalions: 3rd, 1st, 2nd, followed by the Machine Gun Battalion) moved slowly in column of twos along the traffic jammed roads through VERY and EPINONVILLE to ECLISFONTAINE. There at about mid- night the column halted for instructions and for guides from the 64th 97 Brigade of the 32nd Division, for the regiment was now to relieve troops that had relieved it four days before. It developed that the 32nd Division had advanced about two kilometers from the BOIS DE CIERGES and was holding not only GESNES, but also a wide sector extending some three or four kilometers to the East. The German resistance, however, was strong on the west of Hill 255, near GESNES, and here the 361st Infantry was to move in. The 64th Brigade was now to become the 32nd Division Reserve, advancing behind the 63rd Brigade, which was to remain in the front line East of Hill 255. The guides having arrived, the troops moved on about another kilometer to where the Regimental P. C. took over the headquarters of one of the units being relieved. This P. C. was located at 5097 (then identified as 5197), in a German hut about 500 meters west of EXMORIEUX FERME. Here guides to the front line companies were obtained, and the troops moved 2Yi kilometers further north over slippery muddy trails to the northern edge of the BOIS DU CHeNE SEC. This woods was little more than a patch of scrub-oak bushes, often scarcely six feet high. The 1st Battalion outposted the northern edge of the woods, while the 3rd Battalion went into position on its right on the hills west of GESNES, and the 2nd Battalion was placed in support of the 1st, partly on the north side, and partly on the south side of a little clearing between the BOIS DU CHeNE SEC and the BOIS DE LA MORINE, about two hundred meters behind the front line. Company "F" was on the right, "G" in the center, "E" on the left, and "H" in support. The Machine Gun Company was about 800 meters south- west of GESNES. Hostile machine gun and shell fire intermittently har- assed the countryside and searched the valleys to the rear. Lieutenant Voderberg had relieved Lieutenant Moore as Regimental Gas and Mess Officer, and with Lieutenant McMillen, he now took over active supervision of the food supply from the kitchens forward. Lieutenant Craig had been relieved as Brigade Liaison Officer upon arrival of Lieu- tenant Howells, who thereafter held that detail continuously, and Lieutenant Craig now assisted Lieutenant Vincent in the operation of the signal and telephone system. Throughout this phase of the ARGONNE drive both the mess and signal departments earned special credit. The kitchens were not sent further to the front than EXMORIEUX FERME, and while thus enabled to work in comparative safety, they daily sent up two hot meals to the line. This necessitated hard work on the part of carrying details, particularly as the front line pushed further and further ahead. Neverthe- less, with only occasional delays or failures to function, the system brought cooked food to the line at least once a day, and often twice a day. The tele- phone and buzzer service, finally working across a distance of about four kilometers between Regimental Headquarters and the front line battalions, functioned admirably. Both the signal platoon and the signal corps men performed their duties with exceptional endurance, rendering continuous service night and day, and with commendable courage repairing the wires frequently cut by shell fire. 8 October. On line BOIS DU CHeNE SEC and GESNES— Outpost duty under fire. On October 8th the First Division (with the 362nd Infantry attached) 98 also passed to the control and direction of the Fifth Corps. The entire 181st Brigade was then reunited and placed under the command of Brigadier General McDonald who had temporarily been without a command and had reported to the commanding general of the corps for further orders. Thus reunited the brigade was attached by corps order to the 1st Division. No movement of position was made by the regiment that day. 9 October. BOIS DU CHeNE SEC and GESNES (MEUSE) to HILLS 255 and 269, attacking, one-half kilometer. Regimental Headquarters was temporarily flooded with the orders from the 32nd Division, 1st Division and 181st Brigade as an attempt was made to adapt the unit to the new situation and to the procedure and administra- tion of its new higher commanders. As the situation developed, it ap- peared that the Fifth Corps would resume the attack at 8:30 A. M., October 9th. The Third Division was placed on the extreme right. The 32nd Division, next on the left, was to attack on both sides of ROMAGNE-SOUS- MONTFAUCON and as far west as Hill 255. The 181st Brigade as part of the 1st Division was to hold a line between Hills 255 and 269, and the 1st Division itself, with five regiments in the front line (from right to left: 1st Engineers, 26th Infantry, 28th Infantry, 18th Infantry and 16th Infantry) was to attack on a line extending west of Hill 269. The 42nd (Rainbow) Division (less the 67th Field Artillery Brigade which was temporarily with the 32nd Division) was to remain in Corps Reserve. The Corps was also to have the assistance of Corps and Army Artillery and the usual auxiliary units. The 181st Brigade Field Order No. 13, issued at 7 P. M., October 8th, continued the 361st Infantry in the front line with the 347th Machine Gun Battalion in support. The 362nd Infantry remained with the Division Reserve. The intent of higher authority appeared to be that the brigade should "hold without advancing" the line between Hills 255 and 269, and it was evident that information must have been relied upon that these hills had been captured, and that the relief of the 64th Brigade had left the 181st Brigade in possession of them. Quite the contrary was the fact. The line turned over to the 181st Brigade lay fully 500 meters south of these hills, and both hills, particularly No. 255, were strongly held with prepared posi- tions and ample machine guns, while the approaches to them were covered by artillery fire that in many places was point blank. When this situation was fully reported to the Division Commander, he directed the brigade to advance at "H" hour (8:30 A. M.), October 9th, and to seize and hold the line between the hills. The Battalion Com- manders were accordingly summoned to Regimental Headquarters, and the plan of attack verbally arranged — The 1st Battalion was to move around to its left and advance upon Hill 269 from the South. The 3rd Battalion, reinforced by Company "F," was to attack Hill 255, while Company "I" with a platoon of the Machine Gun Company was to act as combat liaison detachment between this brigade and the 32nd Division. The further details are stated in the following field order which was issued the next morning in confirmation of the verbal instructions: 99 "Mamma P. C, France, FIELD ORDERS: 9 October, 1918. No. i VERDUN — A ) MAPS: ] FORET d'ARGONNE } 1 : 20,000. ( DUN sur MEUSE ) 1. The 1st Division as part of the 5th Army Corps will attack on "D" day at "H" hour. 2. (a) The 181st Brigade is attached to the 1st Division for the attack, and will hold its present position on the right of the 1st Division. (b) The 361st Infantry holds a position on the front line on the right of the 1st Division. 64th Brigade (32nd Division) is on the right of the 361st Infantry. 64th Brigade is in reserve, but 1st Battalion of the 127th Infantry of that Brigade will follow the 125th Infantry in the attack, and in case the 125th Infantry advances beyond the 361st Infantry this Battalion will main- tain liaison between the Divisions. The 2nd Brigade (1st Division) will be on the 361st Infantry's left. 1st Battalion, 1st Engineers is attached to the 2nd Brigade, and will be the element of that Brigade on the left of the 361st Infantry. 3. (a) This regiment will seize and hold the position from HILL 255 inclusive, westward to HILL 269 inclusive, maintaining liaison with the elements on the right and left. The attack for this purpose will begin without further orders, at "H" hour. (b) The regiment will attack with two battalions in line, 3rd on the right, 1st on the left. The 2nd Battalion (less Co. "F") will be in regi- mental reserve in the northern edge of the BOIS du CHENE SEC, ready to counter attack and drive out the enemy from any part of the position which he might penetrate. The RAU du GOUFFRE (near its source) will be the dividing line between the 1st and 3rd Battalions. Each Battalion (less detachments stated below) will have two companies in support, 100 meters to 300 meters in the rear of the front line. The support line must be selected for its field of fire and general advantages for defense. All elements will fight on the spot. Elements will hold themselves in readi- ness to push the attack to the new objective. (c) During the night D — 1/D Company I with a platoon from M. G. Co. will establish and maintain liaison with the 32nd Division on the right, and report to these headquarters will be made when liaison with the 32nd Division is established after receipt of this order. Company F will re- inforce the 3rd Battalion, and report to Battalion Commander in ample time to take proper position before "H" hour. (d) One platoon of Company A, this regiment, and one section of machine guns, (3 guns) from Co. D. 347th M. G. Bn. will establish and maintain liaison with 1st Battalion, 1st Engineers on Hill 269, night of D— 1/D. (e) Companies from 347th M. G. Bn. now attached to battalions of this regiment will remain with these battalions until position is organized 100 for defense. These guns will be under command of the Infantry Battalion Commander, and in assuming defensive position, will be echeloned in depth in checker-board fashion so as to cover the whole sector. (f) One one-pounder will be with each front line battalion. 4. (a) 58th Artillery Brigade will support the 361st Infantry. (b) Company B, 1st Gas Regiment, will co-operate with the regiment by directing heavy explosives against Hill 255 at "H" hour, for a duration of not more than five minutes. (c) Front line panels will be promptly displayed on call from Infantry planes. 5. Regimental Surgeon will establish and maintain a First Aid station with each battalion, with three litters and twelve litter-bearers. He will also maintain an Infirmary with Medical Officers present who will promptly care for and evacuate the wounded as the advance proceeds. 6. Regimental P. C. will be at 5197 at the beginning of action. HHB — mov Davis, Copies to: Colonel, Each Bn. Cmdr. Commanding." Regtl. Surgeon. 347th M. G. Bn. 181st Brigade. Op. O. War Diary File. 3 Extra. Captain Hughes moved the First Battalion from its position along the BOIS du CHeNE SEC under cover of the heavy morning fog, down a gully, across an open area and to the base of Hill 269, a movement of about 400 meters to the rear and 500 meters to the left. With the battalion formed for the attack, Company "C" was on the right, "A" on the left in the front line, "D" on the right, "B" on the left in support, and the battalion was co-operating with the 1st Engineers on the left. The attack was made successfully and without meeting severe resistance, but only after somewhat severe losses from shell fire at the jump-off. Apparently a large force of German Infantry was at one time collected to launch a counter attack, but being assembled squarely within the range of an indirect machine gun bar- rage of the 1st Division and of indirect machine gun fire from the 181st Brigade, as well as confronted with heavy infantry rifle fire, the German troops were cut to pieces, and were so demoralized that no counter attack developed. Hill 269 was captured and the crest fully occupied by eleven o'clock that morning. Many prisoners had been taken by the battalion and turned over to the Engineer Regiment on the left for delivery to the 1st Division prisoners' cage. The Second Battalion moved to the position vacated by the First Bat- talion in the BOIS du CHeNE SEC. Company "G" on the right, "E" on the left, "H" in support. As the attack developed it became clear that the 3rd Battalion had encountered a strongpoint offering determined resistance. Not only were 101 there entrenched and concealed German positions, but back of the crest was situated a strong cement blockhouse. The attack formation of the Battalion was Company "M" on the right, "L" on the left in the front line, "K" on the right, "F" on the left in support. Company "I" and Lieutenant Linforth's Machine Gun Platoon as combat liaison detachment, all under command of Captain Doherty of the Machine Gun Company, went to the right flank. The advance, however, was more than an ordinary movement to the front, for it was necessary to encircle the hill as far as available cover would permit. A glimpse of the story of the unflinching attack of Captain Burke's battalion appears in the following series of messages pre- served by the 3rd Battalion Headquarters. "Match" is 181st Brigade; "Mamma" is 361st Infantry; "Mate" the First Battalion; "Maul" the Second Battalion; "Medal" the Third Battalion; "Method" the 347th Machine Gun Battalion; "Melon" the 362nd Infantry; "Mamma-1" the Command- ing Officer of the Regiment; "Mamma-7" the Operations Officer; "Mamma- 20" the Gas Officer; "Mamma L. O." the Liaison Officer. "From Medal At 5218 Date 9-10-18 Hour 6:38 To Mamma No. 1 By Buzzer F Co. has reported to Medal. Bn. Officers are reconnoitering around to front. Medal" "From Medal At P. C. 5218 Date 9-10-18 Hour 7:44 To Mamma No. 2 By Buzzer 3rd Bn. is now in position. Right 5318, left 4916. Co. I Liaison 125 Inf. One pounder on hill to south. Gas and Flame in position firing O minus 20 sec. will jump off at O. Burke" "From Mamma 1 At P. C. Date 9 Oct. 18 Hour 8:00 (Rec. 8:57) To Medal No. 2 By Runner Report situation, including location of your Bn. every half hour. Also obtain and transmit to these hqrs. every half hour similar report from 1st Bn. Mamma 1" "From Medal At 5022 Date9-10-18 Hour 9:00 To IstBn. No. 3 By Runner We are ordered to report location of your Bn. every half hour. Keep us advised so we can report. Medal" The runner taking the above was a casualty and the message failed to get through. "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 9:03 To Mamma No. 4 By Runner Center our front line 5022. Enemy shelling on our left. Contact in fog difficult. Sent to 1st Bn. for report. Ack. No. 2 Medal" (The letters "Ack. No. 2" meant that Mamma's message No. 2 was acknowledged.) No message coming from 1st Battalion as to their position, the following was sent to the left support company of the 3rd Battalion. "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 9:41 To F Co. No. 5 By Runner Send contact patrol to locate 1st Bn. Get their disposition and report it to this P. C. immediately. Medal" 102 "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 9:42 To Mamma No. 6 By Runner and Buzzer Our front line-center 4822, delayed by machine guns filtering men for- ward. No contact from 1st Bn. Sending patrol left flank support Co. to locate 1st Bn. and get their disposition. Medal" "From Mamma 1 Date 9 Oct. '18 Hour 9:42 (Rec. 10:14) To Medal No. 4 By Runner Send in promptly half hourly messages showing situation. If nothing to report or nothing unusual, so state, negative information is important. Did gas regiment detachment fire explosives on Hill 255 at O hour? Mamma" "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 10:31 To Mamma No. 7 By Runner The center of our front line located at 4724. Gas regiment were ready to fire at O could not observe results on account of fog. Our line 250 m crest of the ridge S of W Hill 255 Medal" "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 10:45 To Mamma No. 8 By Runner Our line 250 meters crest of ridge Hill 255. We are moving to take hill and mop up woods. Appear to be only few machine guns, our casualties not heavy. Sending back German Officer taken at S edge woods Hill 255. Medal" At this point a message came in requesting recommendation of a man to be sent to West Point. It was sent to each company to sign and return. Final report was sent back later in the day. The runner bearing the message was killed when he started back, but the message was picked up and brought in and the recommendations duly submitted. "From Medal Date 9-10-18, Hour 1 1 :03 To Mamma No. 9 By Buzzer Front line-woods south Hill 255. Medal" "From Mamma At P. C. Date 9 Oct. '18 Hour 10:30 (Rec. 11:16) To C. O. 3rd Bn. No. 6 By Runner Our present barrage now covers area beginning 500 meters north Hill 255 and Hill 269. Will continue until 1 :00 P. M. If you want artillery knock out Hill 255, take safe position and request. Mamma" At 1 1 :23 a duplicate of Mamma's Message No. 4, already delivered by runner at 10:14 was received by buzzer. "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 1 1 :55 To Mamma No. 10 By Runner Request artillery on Hill 255 (5026). My dispositions are as shown on attached sketch, am digging in Medal" "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 12:24 To Mamma No. 1 1 By Runner Am still occupying position indicated on sketch attached to Message No. 10. Will hold this position until further orders. Medal" 103 "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 13:20 To Mamma No. 12 By Runner Your verbal message "Dig in where you are and hold" received 13:00. We are complying, disposition unchanged. If Reg. P. C. moves forward, send forward our runners. Medal" "FromMedal Date 9-10-18 Hour 13:50 To C. O. Co. M. No. 13 By Runner Lieut. Edick will take command of L Co. at once. Medal." (This was because Company "L" had successively lost three Company Commanders by wounds and was again without an officer.) "From Mamma 1 Date 9 Oct. 18 Hour 13:00 (Rec. 13:50) To Medal No. 13 By Runner Reply your message 1 1 :55 Artillery will fire on Hill 255 as requested from 1 :00 to 1 :30. Mamma 1" This message reached the Battalion 20 minutes after the Artillery fire ceased. "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 14:07 To Mamma No. 14 By Runner Please confirm your verbal message "Dig in and hold" in writing. Are we to understand we are to await orders to move forward? Have never had any contact with 1st Bn. G Co. slightly in rear our left flank. Contact with 125 Inf. on line with and right Co. I. Medal" "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 14:20 To Co. I. No. 15 By Runner You understand your company is to keep combat liaison between 125 Inf. on your right and the 361 on your left. Dig in and hold line southern edge woods where you now are. Work out small patrols to your front to get information location of enemy machine gun nests, their strength, above all keep contact between right and left, notifying this P. C. of any move of the 125, also their location. Try and find out if the enemy have any Infantry or trench system in woods to your front. Medal" (Answer on bottom of above message) : "Have contact with 125 on right. They are about 100 yds from my rt. flank. They have dug in about 100 yds back from woods. Will send out patrols at once as directed and dig in. Woodyard" "From Mamma 1 Date 9 Oct. 18 Hour 14:23 (Rec. 15:17) To Medal No. 15 By Runner Move forward to original objectives as soon as this can be done under limitation of Division order that we avoid all casualties other than from artillery fire. If not able to advance under these conditions notify us at once what artillery assistance needed. Mamma 1" "From Mamma 1 At P. C. 5197 Date 9 Oct. '18 Hour 14:40 (Rec. 15:35) To Medal No. 16 By Runner Supplementing message 14:23 No. 15, Mate is on line extending from Hill 269 East. 2nd Bn. Melon has gone forward to connect with Mate's 104 right in extension of this line further east. You are to extend the line to Hill 255 as soon as practicable without substantial losses. Call for artillery assistance if necessary. Rush. Mamma P. C." "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 15:50 To Mamma No. 16 By Runner Medal moving forward to attack Hill 255. I K and M in woods south Hill 255. L & F remain in support in small wood on road 400 met S. W. 255. Medal" "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 15:55 To C. O. 125 Inf. No. 17 By Runner This Bn. is resuming attack to take Hill 255. Our right rests on your left flank Co. Eastern edge of woods South Hill 255. We look for your support on our right flank. Burke, Cmdg." "From Mamma At P. C. 5197 Date 9 Oct. 18 Hour 15:00 (Rec. 16:00) To Medal No. 19 By Runner Send in sketch your disposition for defense at once also report of casualties for today. Mamma 1" "From Mamma 20 Date 9 Oct. 18 Hour 16:00 (Rec. 16:14) To Medal By Runner Notify each Co. in your Bn. to send gas N. C. O. and one private soon as possible to draw their required number of masks and sag paste. Can- nisters are also available. Voderberg, Reg. Gas. Off." "From Mamma 7 Date 9 Oct. 18 Hour 15:35 (Rec. 16:40) To Medal No. 22 By Runner Immediately upon organizing your position send to these hqrs. sketch showing disposition of your companies. This is important for immediate report to Division. Mamma 7" "From Medal Date 9-10-18 17:05 To Mamma No. 18 By Runner Our front line within 100 yds crest 255. Will submit sketch immediately crest is taken and cos start digging in. Medal" Just before No. 18 was written the Battalion P. C. had moved up to the northern edge of a small woods at 4825. Captain Burke having ordered Company "L" to attack, stepped over to his Adjutant and quietly remarked, "I don't care if I get killed now, I've just shot two Huns, so I'm ahead of the game anyway. I am going over to the left and get "L" Company started firing." A few moments later, as a hail of German machine gun bullets was cutting off leaves and twigs about a foot above the Adjutant's head while he lay writing in a shell hole, a runner who had gone with Captain Burke came back through the brush to report that Captain Burke had been hit. The Adjutant sent off "No. 18" and went about fifty feet to where he found the Captain severely wounded. The runner at once stepped into the hole that the Adjutant had left and before Lieutenant Fortune had gone five yards the runner was shot as he lay in the shelter. 105 From then on the firing became heavier; the Germans had evidently survived the artillery fire and on seeing the Americans advance they sent up a star shell and immediately there came a withering barrage from Hill 255 and also from Hill 288. The range was perfect and they swept the entire slope. At that time Lieutenant Fortune found himself in command of the battalion. Captain Burke was to be carried back. Company "L" was again without a commanding officer, the enemy fire was increasing in intensity, men were becoming casualties in all directions, the position must be consolidated, messages were coming in from Regimental Head- quarters, a sketch of the position must be made, messages must be pre- pared and sent to the companies, to Regimental Headquarters and the flanks — all this in addition to directing the attack and preserving the morale of the troops, and Lieutenant Fortune had at last found a sufficient answer to the question that used to bother him when in the United States: "What, if any, might be the duties of a Battalion Adjutant in action?" It was at about this interesting moment that Pigeoneer Lorenzo Curti, of Company "L," his pigeons all gone, came to the Lieutenant through a shower of machine gun bullets, saluted and said: "Lieutenant, Sir, my mother in Italy, I no seen her fifteen year, can I get furlough go see my mother?" The Lieutenant's reply was a warning that if he didn't get down out of sight he would probably meet his great-grandmother in a few minutes. Thirty minutes later message No. 19 was sent out. "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 17:40 To Mamma No. 19 By Runner I Co. is on Hill 255 flank exposed. 125 Inf. did not advance. M Co. is on Co. I's left. K Co. is on the same ridge. L Co. is on the left of Co. K badly disorganized. F Co. is on the left without contact. Called upon Co. G to support our center. Capt. Burke wounded. Short of officers. Cannot submit sketch yet as I have not reconnoitered our position. Heavy machine gun firing in front Co. L. Support very necessary. Medal" "From Mamma P. C. Date 9 Oct 18 Hour 16:45 (Rec. 18:30) 1st Div. well satisfied with accomplishment Mamma today. It is re- ported that there was discovered in BOIS DE MONCY North of Hill 269 a force of nine German companies of 109 Infantry especially designated as a counter attacking force. Three of these companies have been driven off and many prisoners taken. While it is not anticipated that great danger exists from this source, all precautions against surprise and counter attack will be taken promptly. Mamma" "From Mamma 7 At P. C. 5197 Date 9 Oct 18 Hour 17:40 (Rec. 18:30) To Medal No. 27 By Runner Send immediately statement or sketch showing location your troops and Bn. P. C. this for transmittal to Brigade and Div. thru these Hqrs. Mamma 7" "From Co. K 361 At Clearing in Woods (Rec. 18:30) To Medal Need reinforcement. K Co. in lead. Many wounded. Machine gun nests all over hill. Bailey" 106 "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 18:30 To Lieuts. Bailey, Woodyard, Trouchet. No. 20 By Runner Get in touch with each other on flanks, organize best position. German Infantry reported in vicinity, do not expect counter attack but be prepared keep scouts well out to front of your positions. If counter attack be sure that rifles and auto rifles in use get together and organize. Send reports here as to disposition by runners who can locate your P. C. again. Must know how much Hill 255 held by us. Get 125 Inf. support on right. Re- port as to casualties and effectives. Medal" (All this time heavy machine gun fire was continuing.) "From Mamma 1 Date 9 Oct 18 Hour 18:30 To Medal By Buzzer Report situation at once. Mamma 1" Date 9-10-18 Hour 16:14 (Rec. 18:40) "From C. O., Co. L. Waiting for advance of M Co. at N edge of woods. To Medal By Runner Am unable to see the advance of M Co. on my right. No one on my left. Edick" Something of the intensity of the fire can be judged from the fact that the above message had been successively carried by several runners who had become casualties and it took nearly two hours and a half for it to travel but little more than 50 yards. "From Maul At P. C. Date 9-10-18 Hour 18:10 (Rec. 18:45) To Medal No. 8 By Runner Desire sketch of your position by return runner, also your plan in case of counter attack. We are covering center between 1st and 2nd Bn. with M. G. fire and rifle fire. 2 German machine guns, located 044825 Very Map, are sweeping our position. 1 pounder could put these out easily, we have none. Sketch of our position on back. Maul 1" "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 19:25 To Mamma No. 21 By Runner Co. K in break of woods 5025. Co. M to left, Co. I to right rear all disorganized. I have ordered them to dig in, get in touch with each other and send scouts to front. Co. K was bombed by grenades from stone house near top of Hill 255, have not been able to go forward to look over ground held by I K M and Cos. have not sent me any definite information. All the above was gathered from runners. Bn. has lost heavily in officers, only ones available are Co. F, Lt. MacKay, Co. M, Lt. Trouchet, Co. L, Lt. Sweat, Co. K, Lt. Bailey, Co. I, Lt. Woodyard, Bn. Lt. Fortune and Lt. McLaughlin, Co. F reports 65 effective, Co. L 30. No reports from K-I-M. They should have about 40 men effective each. We can hold ridge in front of F and L Cos. tonight. If I K M meet with any resistance they will have to be reinforced to hold. The 125 Inf. did not advance on our right, leaving gap between them and Co. I. Fortune" 107 "From Medal Date 9-10-18 Hour 19:35 To 2nd Bn. 361 No. 22 By Runner I K & M Cos. in woods S Hill 255 on general line along opening 5025. They are digging in although badly disorganized. Co. F & L are dug in along patch of woods 4824. 125 Inf. did not go forward, leaving our flank exposed. We have no contact with 1st Bn. and are in bad position to hold Hill unless reinforced. We look to you to cover our withdrawal in case of counter attack that we cannot hold. Germans in woods Hill 255 have been throwing hand grenades at us. Medal" "From Medal 3rd Bn. 361 Inf. Date 9-10-18 Hour 20:00 To 125 Inf. No. 23 By Runner Our Bn. now occupy woods S of Hill 255 to a point about 5025 about 150 meters S of crest. Our right flank Co. reports no contact with you. We are badly disorganized from the attack. Request you endeavor to connect with our right. Will you send back 2 runners so that I can keep contact with you tonight? Fortune, Cmdg. Bn." "From Medal, 3rd Bn. 361 At P. C. 4824 Date 9-10-18 Hour 22:05 To C. O. 1st Bn. 127 Inf. No. 24 By Runner Your sgt. has been on my right flank to locate Co. C 127 Inf. Cannot find the left 125 or C Co. 127. I understand you are combat liaison. Our right flank is on 5125. We heard that the 125 had advanced beyond us, can you confirm it? Fortune" While the above four messages were being written it was getting quite dark, and German Infantry was seen moving around on top of Hill 255. "From Mamma 1 At P. C. 5197 Date 9 Oct. 18 Hour 19:45 (Rec. 22:15) To Medal No. 32 By Runner Your No. 19 received. 125 Inf. did advance far beyond Hill 255. 1st Bn. 127 Inf. which was Liaison Bn. was sent forward in support. We under- stand your right flank not in danger but you should protect it with machine guns attached to Co. I. Maul has been directed to send G Co. your support. 2nd Bn. Melon is on your left and should get in contact with you shortly. You can reach them also through Maul. Organize your position in depth and notify these hqrs. of disposition. Mamma 1" Lieutenant Bailey of Company "K" had sent two runners to Battalion Headquarters, but both were wounded before getting across the draw be- tween their woods and the Battalion P. C. The Lieutenant then recon- noitered his position and that of Companies "I" and "M" and went to the Battalion Headquarters himself. With the information brought by Lieu- tenant Bailey and after giving directions for Lieutenant Linforth to cover the right flank with his machine guns and indicating the position to be taken by the expected reinforcements from the 2nd Battalion, Lieutenant Fortune as Commander of the 3rd Battalion set out with a 2nd Battalion runner for 2nd Battalion Headquarters to report the situation by telephone to Colonel Davis. This trip was made necessary because the 3rd Battalion telephone lines had been badly cut early in the evening and were not yet in operating condition. 108 It was after midnight by the time that the report had been made and Colonel Davis then ordered the 3rd Battalion to withdraw from its position near the crest of Hill 255 to the southern edge of the woods so that artillery fire could be concentrated on the block house and on the trench system near the top of the hill. Lieutenant Fortune arrived back at his battalion at about 3:00 A. M. and at once ordered "I," "K" and "M" Companies to withdraw to the lower edge of the woods. At 4:05 A. M., about as the last company was settling into position, the following message was delivered by a runner. "From Mamma At P. C. 5197 Date 10 Oct., '18. Hour 2:00 (Rec. 4:05) To Medal No. 1 By Runner Do not withdraw from Hill 255. Artillery not available against it. You will attack and mop up the hill at daybreak, expect to obtain some assist- ance for you from one company and one-pounder 127 Inf. on right. One company 362nd and platoon machine guns 347 M. G. Battalion will assist later. General Infantry attack to be made 7:00 A. M. Mamma 1 " 10 October— HILLS 255 and 269 to HILL 288, attacking, \y 2 kilometers. The probable reason for the denial by higher command of further artillery concentration was the fact that a concentration of artillery fire on the 255 stronghold might unduly endanger neighboring advancing troops and later developments supported the decision. In any event, further artillery sup- port was not to be had, and with its own depleted forces, the battalion was now to do the thing it had failed to accomplish with its fuller, fresher com- mand of the day before. At Regimental Headquarters the Operations Officer (who had but just loaded into an ambulance, Captain Burke, fatally wounded) was making every effort to gain additional support for the heroic battalion of Miller Hill which had now for the second time lost its Battalion Commander, had lost all of its original Company Commanders, and had received what read like its own death warrant. The story is told in the following messages: "From Mamma At P. C. 5197 Date 10 Oct 18 Hour 2:30 To Medal No. 5 By Runner Am notifying Mate to hold his one-pounder in readiness for your call during your attack on Hill 255. He will also supply runner to keep up liaison between you and his gun. Mamma" "Headquarters Mamma P. C. American E. F., A. P. O. 776 10 October, 1918. Memorandum : 1. The attack will be resumed October 10 at H Hour. 2. This regiment, reinforced by 2nd Bn. 362nd Inf., and being accom- panied by two companies from 362nd Inf. and one company from 347th M. G. Bn., will attack in the triangle, Hill 255, Hill 269, LA TUILERIE Farm. 32nd Division on the right, 1st Div. on the left. Warning Message attached. Field Order follows. The regiment will advance at "H" hour 109 with 1st Bn. this regiment and 2nd Bn. 362nd Inf. in front line, and in order named, from left to right. These Bns. will be followed respectively by the 2nd and 3rd Bns. this regiment, F and G Cos returning to the 2nd Bn. for this advance after capture of Hill 255 (Note: This should have read "F" and "H" Cos. because the 2nd Battalion had elected to send three platoons of its support company, Company "H," instead of its front line company, Company "G" as the unit to reinforce the 3rd Battalion. Regi- mental Headquarters at this time did not know of the substitution.) 3. The 3rd Bn. will operate as a combat unit, whose first objective will be Hill 255; the 2nd Bn. 362nd Inf. being authorized to push by this hill in its advance, if this is practicable. After taking Hill 255, the 3rd Bn. will continue its advance within the sector, and assist the 2nd Bn. in mop- ping up. 4. One 1 -pounder will accompany 1st Bn. and one the 3rd Bn. After the capture of Hill 255, the 3rd Bn.'s gun will be subject to the call of the C. O. 2nd Bn. 362nd Inf. 362nd Inf. will supply one company to act as combat liaison detachment on each advancing flank of the front line of this regiment. Each company will be assisted by a detachment of machine guns from the 347th M. G. Bn. The company on the right will primarily report to and assist the C. O. 3rd Bn. 361st Inf. in capturing Hill 255. These companies and detachments will report to Regimental P. C. 361st Infantry at 5:30 Oct. 10, for guides to conduct them to the Bn. Commanders with whom they will move forward at H hour. 5. Probably impracticable for any artillery support to be given against the enemy on the immediate front, including Hill 255. 6. Medical attendants will be provided on basis prescribed for October 9, arrangements being made by Regimental Surgeon to co-ordinate the work with that of the 362nd Infantry Regimental Surgeon. 7. Every effort will be made to deliver to troops requiring the same, sufficient reserve or other rations before H hour, to provide for at least one meal, thereafter regular delivery of rations will be made and supply of reserve rations brought up to the required amount as rapidly as possible. The first distribution of rations will be handled from dump near the present Regimental P. C, the others from new dump to be established in GESNES. Distribution will be under Lieut. Voderberg. Arrangements will be made to co-ordinate as far as possible the ration delivery of the 361st and 362nd Regiments. 8. Regimental P. C. will be at 5197 at commencement of action, and will move to GESNES later in the day. By order of Colonel Davis: Harold H. Burton Captain and Asst. Adjt., HHB-mov Mamma." "From Mamma At P. C. 5197 Date 10 Oct 18 Hour 5:30 To Medal No. 8 By Runner Capt. McCaustland, Co. A. Method is moving up with four machine guns to form part of right combat liaison detachment, also Capt. Robinson with Co. A Melon is doing same. Have arranged for 1 -pounder from 1st no "I K L M "From Medal To Mamma Bn. 127 Inf. to assist your attack from right flank. Get in touch with him at once. His gun is to be ready to open fire at 6:30 on blockhouse but it is necessary that you control his action. Make the attack with view to conserving men and as far as possible to keep all elements constantly in hand. Advise us of your progress. Mamma 7" On the back of this message Lieutenant Fortune put the following pencil note being an estimate of effectives: 32 men) F 65 men) 35 men) H 85 men) 150 35 men) 142 Com. L. 362 70 men) 70" 40 men) At P. C. 4823 Date 10-10-18 Hour 6:57 No. 1 By Runner Withdrew from Hill 255 last night before receiving your order. Sketch herewith shows our disposition at H hour. Medal " "From Mamma 10 Oct. 18 6:45 (Rec. 6:58) To Medal By Buzzer Field order will not be issued act on orders already sent. Mamma 7" At zero hour patrols pushed out from the 3rd Battalion front line com- panies to feel out the enemy, and Lieutenant McLaughlin with what re- mained of the Battalion Intelligence Section was ordered to reconnoiter the hill. "From Medal At P. C. 4823 Date 10-10-18 Hour 7:30 To Mamma No. 2 By Buzzer Patrols report Hill 255 unoccupied, we are moving to the top. Medal" "From Medal At P. C. 4823 Date 10-10-18 Hour 8:08 To Mamma No. 3 By Runner 25 wounded lying along edge of woods 4823 by my old P. C. A few men been here since 10:00 9-10-18 the rest brought in last night. Endeavor to get stretchers to evacuate same. Medal" "To Sgt. Major. (Rec. 8:25) Rush casualties report, show effective strength. Lt. Valentine" "From Mamma L. O. At P. C. 5197 Date 10 Oct 18 (Rec. 8:40) To Medal Buzzer This P. C. moves to GESNES, establish a line of runners to that town and I will return your present line as soon as we pull out of here. Wire communication will also be established to that point. Mamma L. O." "From Medal Date 10-10-18 Hour 8:15 To Mamma No. 4 Runner Reached Hill 255 8:00 A. M. No resistance. Germans having evacuated during night. In touch with Co. A 362nd Inf. and M. G. det. of right combat liaison. They are in touch with 127th on their right. No contact on left. Have returned H & F Cos to 2nd Bn. No sign 2nd Bn. 362nd Inf. on our front. Sending forward patrols to gain contact and am push- ing forward in the following order right to left, front line M & K support ill I & L, our Cos. consist of about 35 effectives each. We will form in groups for mopping up and endeavor to maintain contact. Medal" "From Medal Date 10-10-18 Hour 9:15 To 2nd Bn. 361 No. 5 Runner We are attacking as per memo Mamma 10-10-18. Have taken Hill 255 we are supposed to push forward to LA TUILER1E FARM supporting the 362nd with you on our left in support of the 1st Bn. Have you contact with the 1st Bn.? When you move up on our left notify me so we can go for- ward together. The 127th has pushed past us on the right. Medal" The attack of October 10th, into the BOIS DE MONCY and BOIS DE GESNES proceeded regularly and with comparatively slight losses. Having taken Hill 255, the 3rd Battalion moved into position as a support battalion, and Companies "F" and "H" were returned to the 2nd Battalion. During the advance there was at first some difficulty in establishing complete liaison and in getting all units in their proper relative positions. The formation was, how- ever, completed as originally planned. In the front line were the 2nd Battalion of the 362nd Infantry on the right and the 1st Battalion of the 361st Infantry on the left (Companies "C" and "D" respectively on right and left in front and Companies "B" and "A" respectively on right and left in support). One company of the 362nd Infantry with supporting machine guns served as Combat Liaison detachment on each flank. The 3rd Battalion as right support battalion had Companies "M" and "K" respectively as right and left front line companies, "I" and "L" respectively as right and left support companies. The 2nd Battalion, as left support battalion placed companies "G" and "E" as right and left front line companies, "H" and "F" as right and left support companies. The Machine Gun Company followed the 3rd Battalion and assisted in covering the right flank during a failure of liaison with the 32nd Division. The plan to move the main Regimental P. C. to GESNES was abandoned and in its stead a system was adopted whereby an "Advance P. C." was temporarily established near the front line of the regiment and the "Old P. C." was held intact on the axis of liaison and axis of advance pending the relief of the brigade which was expected to occur as soon as its advance had sufficiently narrowed its front in its triangular sector so that the 1st and 32nd Divisions would close the gap between them. Shortly before noon General McDonald was advised by telephone from the 1st Division Headquarters that the 1st and 32nd Divisions had met at LA TUILERIE FERME, then about 2 kilometers ahead of his line. This left apparently a simple task for the 181st Brigade to advance to the apex of its triangular sector, and to be pinched out. Orders to attack imme- diately and push through to the farm were accordingly received by Colonel Davis. Reports from our own front, however, made it clear that the enemy was still in great force and in a strongly entrenched position on the ridges nearly a kilometer south of LA TUILERIE FERME. At that point the enemy's third prepared position ran in a south-easterly direction across the sector, forming a crescent that curved around the brigade's right flank along LA C6TE DAME MARIE, and including Hills 288, 287 and 286. In a sunken 112 road on the southern slope of Hill 288, and extending directly across the sector, the enemy had placed not only cleverly concealed machine guns but several light minnenwerfers and some light field pieces prepared to fire point blank at an attacking force. In some instances the guns were reported to be at the mouths of tunnels dug through the earthen wall on the south side of the sunken road and out to the southern slope of the hill. Patrols crawled directly up to these defences and one scout from Company "D," who under- stood German, overheard a German officer going up and down his lines in- structing the gunners not to fire until the Americans were half way up the slope, and then to wipe them out. An attempt was made to outflank Hill 288 by moving the 2nd Battalion of the 362nd Infantry around it to the west, while at the same time Lieutenant Fortune's battalion was to be sent around it from the east. It soon developed, however, that Hill 288 was part of a continuous trench system, and it was found inadvisable to attempt com- pletion of the maneuver. Lieutenant Hubbell had located an advance P. C. for the regiment east of Hill 269 in the BOIS DE MONCY and Colonel Davis came up to investigate personally the situation on the front line. Finally word was received that the report from the 1st Division was incorrect, and the orders for the attack were cancelled. The 3rd Battalion was recalled from its flanking movement just as its front line was again about to come under the guns of the enemy. Leaving a line of outguards, the troops were withdrawn for the night to a defensive position 400 meters south of the German line. Intermittent machine gun and shell fire was kept up by the enemy, but in spite of frequent scattered casualties, the losses on that day were small in this regiment in comparison with its previous engagements. 11 October— BOIS DE GESNES (MEUSE), in Brigade Reserve, and to EXMORIEUX FERME, South, night marching, 4 kilometers. On the night of October 10/11 the brigade passed from the control and command of the 1st Division to that of the 32nd Division, and a renewal of the attack was ordered for 7 o'clock, October 11th. For this attack the 362nd Infantry was ordered to take over the front line, by a passage of lines at "H" hour, and then to attack with one battalion in line and two battalions (less the 2 companies on combat liaison service) in support. The 361st Infantry was to follow the 362nd Infantry at 800 meters, as a Brigade Reserve, with its 3rd and 1st Battalions on the right and left in front, and its 2nd Battalion in support. This was changed so as to add Companies "F" and "H" of this regiment to the support of the 362nd Infantry. For the first time since the jump-off in the MEUSE-ARGONNE offensive on September 26th the regiment found itself taking part in an engage- ment but with none of its own units in the front line. It proved to be a day of rest for the regiment. The organized defences of Hill 288 proved too great an obstacle for the combined efforts of the front lines of the brigade and of the divisions on its flanks. A concentration of heavy artillery was directed against the enemy for 50 minutes in the early afternoon, but no material progress was gained as only a few shells of small caliber had hit the narrow wall that constituted the actual position. At 6 o'clock that evening, the following message was sent out and about 113 an hour later was received with joy on the line, which was then over three kilometers north of the "Old Mamma P. C." near EXMORIEUX FERME. "From Mamma Date 11 Oct 18 Hour 18:00 To Mate, Maul, Medal, M. G. Co. By Runner Withdraw your Bn. early tonight to bivouac between old Regimental P. C. and ECLISFONTAINE, reporting arrival thereat. No relieving troops substituted. Hot meal at bivouac tonight. Mamma" The 181st Brigade was to be relieved by the 64th Brigade of the 32nd Division, but as this regiment was serving as an independent reserve element it was to move back prior to the completion of the relief. A hot midnight meal in ample portions was served at the kitchens at EXMORIEUX FERME as the tired troops came in. The companies then moved to a field a few hundred yards away and enjoyed a peaceful sleep in the open, prior to an early move in the morning. The only officer of the regiment who had been killed or fatally wounded in this phase of the offensive was Captain Campbell Burke, of Company "K," then commanding the 3rd Battalion. Colonel Davis' last message to him as he was being carried to the rear was that he was his next choice for promotion to a Majority, and this, though he had been a Captain scarcely a month and was the junior Captain in the regiment at the time it went over the top on September 26th. This young officer of 28 years of age who had seen nearly 9 years of service as an enlisted man in the Regular Army, came to the regiment in 1917 as a First Lieutenant and during its formative period had commanded Company "C" and made of it one of the regiment's most thoroughly military units. He was unmistakably and inevitably a soldier. It is difficult, if not impossible to think of him as anything except a soldier or even out of uniform. He was absolutely dependable, in that nothing, however great the temptation, could move him from the strictest performance of duty. Correct in dress, and conspicuously neat in appear- ance, clear and direct in thought and action, a natural disciplinarian and leader of soldiers, clean in thought and deed, tireless, equipped with nerves of steel, and cherishing a simple philosophy, he made a cool and most reliable leader in action. He was thoroughly informed as to his military duties and responsibilities, and blessed with a sense of humor and a control of language that made him a welcome companion in any group of officers and a master of any situation with his men. He frequently remarked with quaint pride that on his military record his home appeared as the "U. S. Army," his religion — "None," his nearest relative — "None," his emergency address — "The Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C," and his $10,000 insurance policy ran in favor of The Adjutant General of the Army. To Captain Campbell Burke, one hundred per cent soldier and officer, was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Cross with the follow- ing brief citation: "For extraordinary heroism in action near GESNES, France, October 9, 1918. The battalion which Captain Burke commanded was ordered to attack a position on Hill 255 under terriffic machine gun and artillery fire. His coolness and personal example contributed largely to the success of 114 the battalion and enabled it to capture substantially the entire objective. He was severely wounded in this engagement." (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Company "L" went into this engagement with two officers, Lieutenants Everly and Coats. Lieutenant Everly was wounded and was succeeded as company commander by Lieutenant Coats. Lieutenant Coats was wounded and the company was passed to Lieutenant Tongate, then of Company "K." He was wounded and the company passed to First Sergeant Howard and from him to Lieutenant Edick, then of Company "M." From Lieutenant Edick it passed to Lieutenant Sweat then of Company "F," and he held this command for some time, even after the regiment was withdrawn from the line. All of the above changes, except the first, took place on October 9th. Also in this phase of the offensive were wounded: Captain Doherty of the Machine Gun Company, and the following Lieutenants: Wood of Company "C," Ware of Company "D," Proctor (of Company "D"), 1st Battalion Liaison Officer, Ellis of Company "G," and Batman of Company "I." Lieu- tenant Bates of Company "A" and Lieutenant Lane of Company "G" both were extremely ill during this engagement but refused to allow themselves to be evacuated. Companies "D" and "G" were the only ones to come out of the line still under the command of a Captain. The system of detailing men from the line as regular litter bearers and of sending them forward with their respective battalions as they moved into the attack, greatly improved the promptness of service for the wounded in spite of the long carries that finally became necessary to bring the wounded to the main regimental station at EXMORIEUX FERME. The ambulance service was good and as the ambulances could drive directly up to the farm, evacuation was prompt. On October 8th, during the engagement the following new officers joined the regiment, and were distributed as here indicated: 2nd Lieutenant T. W. Burnett, assigned to Company "A," 2nd Lieutenant Charles Stout, attached to Company "L," and 2nd Lieutenant H. A. Brocopp, attached to Company "I" but detailed on Special Duty as a Liaison Officer serving with 181st Brigade. The Supply Train and kitchens had followed the troops to ECLISFON- TAINE on the rainy night of October 7/8, but had found the place receiving too much shell fire to justify attracting more of it with the smoke of a "kitchen park." The trains and the nine kitchens were then moved to EPINONVILLE, where two meals a day were regularly prepared. These meals were placed in large metal containers which, in some instances at least, had a double metal lining so as to preserve the heat. These con- tainers, known as the "marmite cans," were hauled in the ration carts about two kilometers to EXMORIEUX FERME and there delivered to the ration details that had been sent from the several companies to carry the food by hand across the remaining two or three kilometers to the line. The work of these carrying parties was not only most fatiguing, but also dangerous as they were forced to cross open areas and in several instances the men were hit and the cans they carried were so badly riddled and torn as to become useless. 115 After the attack of October 9th, Lieutenant Brace, in charge of the rations, brought the kitchens to EXMORIEUX FERME, where the meals for October 10th and 1 1th were delivered direct to the carrying parties. Whatever may have been the other disadvantages of the rapid changes of the regiment from one division to another and back again, they were largely counterbalanced by the fact that it gave Captain Savage a practical opportunity to draw as his needs required, either from the dumps of the 1st or the 32nd Division. Both of these divisions were well supplied with food and equipment and their officers always offered the readiest co-operation in assisting in the supply of this regiment. After the advance Regimental P. C. had been established in the BOIS DE MONCY and Lieutenant Quinby had brought reserve rations to the dumps between it and the old P. C, he decided to return by the GESNES-CIERGES road. This road was smoother but not safer. As the train swung out of GESNES it passed a German War garden filled with fresh cabbages. The sight brought the train to a halt and "Shorty" Marino started for a par- ticularly luscious head of cabbage well within the fence. Just then a German battery dropped a ranging shot in the outskirts of the village. Marino sprinted back to the fence and waited. No more shots followed, and his eye wandered longingly to the cabbage. The magnetism of the vegetable prevailed and he again drew near it. Just as he layed his hands on his prize — the next shot fell and fell closer than the first. Marino dropped the cabbage and hesitated. Again he grabbed, and again a shell burst nearer than the last. He dropped the cabbage and turned away, but again his palate and appetite coaxed him back and again he grabbed his evening meal. A fourth shell burst closer than the third. It was time for final action, and just as the next sociable Boche "seventy-seven" tore away a piece of the fence — Marino tore away his cabbage, ran for his ration cart, and the entire train went on its way the happier. When the troops took up formation on the morning of October 12th they actually looked better than they had when they came out of the line in BOIS DE CIERGES a week before. This last engagement, in spite of the deter- mined resistance on Hills 255 and 269, had been more easy to bear than the first, for the men were now equipped with their blankets and overcoats, and in spite of the weakened condition of many of them from continued diarrhoea due to constant exposure and nervous strain, the comparatively regular and better meals had done much to uphold both their strength and spirits. The regiment this time had been in action a little more than four days — three days in the line (one day on outpost duty, two days attacking), and one day in reserve. During the 9th and 10th, the two days on which the regi- ment was attacking, it had been serving as part of the 1st Division, and on the other days, as part of the 32nd Division. It had captured the im- portant and heavily defended German strongholds on Hills 255 and 269 and, with the 362nd Infantry, had pushed the American line into the BOIS DE MONCY and BOIS DE GESNES, and almost to the parapet of the hostile entrenched positions on Hill 288 and along LA C6TE DAME MARIE. These last positions were so located and prepared that their ultimate capture would require either tremendous and extraordinarily accurate artillery concentration or a flanking movement extending well beyond the sector of the brigade. In 116 two days the regiment had taken two strongholds, and with two com- panies of the 362nd Infantry, had moved forward the American line a total of 2 kilometers over a sector narrowing from practically 2 kilometers to 1 kilometer in width. The regiment's losses are shown below. These with the losses suf- fered in the first phase of the MEUSE-ARGONNE drive, make the totals shown in the last column on the right: SECOND PHASE "MEUSE-ARGONNE" OFFENSIVE October 7-12 (inclusive), 1918 Totals Companies and OFFICERS r- — ENLISTED MEN ^ for Both Detachments Killed Wounded Killed Wounded Missing- Prisoners Totals Phases Field & Staff "A" "B" "C" "D" "E" « F » "G" "H" "I" "K" 1 "L" "M" Hq. M. G. Sup. Med. Det. Total 1 9 84 255 1 1 On October 12th, the Chief of Staff of the 1st Division sent to Brig- adier General McDonald, commanding the 181st Brigade, the following letter : "Headquarters First Division, American E. F., France, October 12, 1918. FROM: Chief of Staff, 1st Division, To: Commanding General, 181st Brigade. SUBJECT: Appreciation of Services. 1. The Commanding General, 1st Division, wishes me to express to you and to the officers and men of your command his appreciation and the appreciation of this division for the services rendered by the 181st Infantry Brigade while attached to the 1st Division, during the operations between the Argonne and the Meuse, October, 1918. 2. This division as a whole fully appreciated the difficulties of the position of your Brigade. Fatigued by a week's combat and forced by the necessity of the situation to reenter the battle under the staff and with 117 7 24 5 19 1 4 15 2 8 36 3 1 6 17 1 1 8 3 13 1 10 25 1 5 21 2 18 37 6 18 1 14 1 7 5 2 4 31 86 24 99 20 94 46 103 4 78 23 70 10 81 16 79 36 108 29 105 58 117 24 106 15 69 13 41 2 8 9 351 1257 the artillery support of another division, the willingness and energy with which you executed the missions assigned you, are worthy of the best traditions of the service. J. N. Greely, Chief of Staff." On October 17th, General McDonald, in submitting to the Commanding General, Fifth Army Corps, his Operations Report for October 7th- 12th, included the following paragraph: "7. I desire to emphasize that during all of the above detached service of the brigade my troops were operating under the most adverse conditions, weather, enemy activity, and the weakening effects of diarrhoea, all com- bining to try their spirit to the utmost. At no time was there the slightest indication of faltering or weakening on the part of officers or men, and I feel that the organization commanders and their men are deserving of the highest commendation for the steadfast way in which they performed every task demanded of them." In connection with these statements and particularly in connection with the letter from the Chief of Staff of the 1st Division, the following two general orders as published to the regiment, are recognized to include within their scope, the 181st Brigade: "181st Brigade, November 18, 1919. Memorandum : The following is published for the information of all the command: HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS GENERAL ORDERS: November 11, 1918. No. 17. 1. During this pause in the operations of these headquarters, the Corps Commander desires that the units which have contributed to the constant success of the 1st U. S. Corps be informed of his full appreciation of the service each has rendered to the common end. 2. This appreciation must be extended to every element of the Corps and Divisional units for it goes without saying that the work of each man, no matter what his station, has contributed powerfully to the accomplish- ment of the common aim — the defeat of the enemy. 3. It is the desire of the Corps Commander that his sincerest thanks, best wishes and assurances of his appreciation reach every member of the units which have contributed to the steady and unfailing success of the Corps. By Command of Major General Diskman: Malin Craig, OFFICIAL: Chief of Staff. W. A. Haverfield, Lieut. Col. A. G. D. Adjutant. By Command of Brigadier General McDonald: Wm. H. Curtiss, Major, U. S. A., Brigade Adjutant." 118 "G. H. Q. AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES France, Nov. 10, 1918. GENERAL ORDERS ) No. 201 ) 1. The Commander in Chief desires to make of record in the General Orders of the American Expeditionary Forces his extreme satisfaction with the conduct of the officers and soldiers of the First Division in its advance west of the Meuse between October 4th and 1 1th, 1918. During this period the division gained a distance of seven kilometers over a country which presented not only remarkable facilities for enemy defense but also great difficulties of terrain for the operation of our troops. 2. The division met with resistance from elements of eight hostile divisions, most of which were first class troops and some of which were completely rested. The enemy chose to defend its position to the death, and the fighting was always of the most desperate kind. Throughout the operations the officers and men of the division displayed the highest type of courage, fortitude and self-sacrificing devotion to duty. In addition to many enemy killed, the division captured one thousand four hundred and seven of the enemy, thirteen 77mm. field guns, ten trench mortars and numerous machine guns and stores. 3. The success of the division in driving a deep advance into the enemy's territory enabled an assault to be made on the left by the neigh- boring division against the northeastern portion of the Forest of Argonne, and enabled the First Division to advance to the right and outflank the enemy's position in front of the division on that flank. 4. The Commander in Chief has noted in this division a special pride of service and a high state or morale, never broken by hardship nor battle. 5. This order will be read to all organizations at the first assembly formation after its receipt. (14790-A-306.) BY COMMAND OF GENERAL PERSHING: James W. McAndrew, OFFICIAL: Chief of Staff." Robert C. Davis, Adjutant General. With this engagement, there ended the participation of this regiment in the MEUSE-ARGONNE Offensive. It had participated in it for more than 16 days. Eleven of these days were spent in the firing line, one of them in active support of the line, and four in reserve. During the eleven days on the firing line the regiment had spent six of them in attacking the enemy, with the result that it had in that time penetrated the enemy's lines for a total depth of more than 15 kilometers. To Colonel Davis and to the character of the men in the ranks should go the primary credit for the exceptionally good record that the regiment had made. Colonel Davis, first of all, deserves the honor of the achieve- ment — for it was his teaching, his personal standard of discipline and of 119 military training, and finally his personal example under fire that had enabled the men and officers to make of themselves the efficient soldiers they had proved to be. In recognition of his distinguished and courageous service in this engage- ment there was later awarded to the Colonel the Distinguished Service Cross with the following citation (word of which reached him before he was killed in Belgium on November 1st) : "For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 26 to October 12, 1918. He displayed distinguished gallantry in leading and directing his front line in the four days' advance on Gesnes, and in the four following days holding the front line under heavy shell fire. During this period his regiment was suffering heavy casualties, but he remained constantly with the front line, encouraging his men by his presence to hold out under this most dangerous and trying condition of warfare. Twice wounded, he remained in command of the regiment throughout the entire action until it was finally relieved on October 12th. (W. D. G. O. 139 Sec. I, December 24, 1918.)" The wounds referred to in this citation were slight wounds in the fingers, one of which had evidently shattered the tip of the bone and caused the Colonel frequent pain. He never let his wounds interfere with the usual performance of his duties and these wounds bear testimony, better than can any words, to the nearness to the firing line that the Colonel felt it his duty to go. In addition to this award of the D. S. C. he was also post- humously awarded the Distinguished Service Medal. This was in recognition of his service as a whole and the citation is quoted later in the text and also is set forth in the appendix. Furthermore, by an order, also quoted in the appendix to this book, the War Department in July, 1919, named one of the new army posts near GATUN, Panama Canal Department, "Fort William D. Davis," in his honor. The following further commendatory statements relating to this phase of the activities of the 181st Brigade and 91st Division were published later: "Headquarters 361st Infantry, American E. F., A. P. O. 776, October 25, 1918. Memorandum : The following memorandum from 181st Infantry Brigade Headquarters is published for the information and guidance of all concerned: 181st Brigade, October 25, 1918. Memorandum: To the Officers and Men of the 181st Brigade: 1. The Brigade Commander wishes to convey to all the Officers and men of this Brigade his high admiration for their gallant conduct and for the indomitable will which carried them successfully through the eight days of battle, 26th September to 3rd October, inclusive. 120 2. This period was followed by five days more of just such thoroughly soldierly conduct in battle while the Brigade was attached successively to the 1st and 32nd Divisions, 8th to 12th October, inclusive. The strongest of the enemy positions on the front of these two Divisions were assaulted and captured by the 181st Brigade, namely Hills 269 and 255 northwest of Gesnes. The 361st Infantry and the 347th Machine Gun Battalion bore the brunt of the fighting in these actions. 3. On the 29th of September the assault on Gesnes, resulting in its capture, was carried out by the 362nd Infantry, ably assisted by the 361st Infantry, and the 347th Machine Gun Battalion, both of which lost heavily in officers and men, their losses almost equaling those of the assaulting battalion. 4. The conduct of the brigade as a whole has won the highest com- mendation of the division, the Corps and the Army Commanders, and has won for itself an enviable name as a fighting unit. The Brigade Com- mander desires to thank each and every soldier — officer and man — for the part borne by him in this campaign and urges each individual to bend all his energies toward maintaining the excellent record of the brigade. J. B. McDonald Brigadier General, U. S. A., Commanding. Bv order of Colonel Davis: Marshall S. Scudder Captain and Acting Adjutant, 361st Infantry." "G. H. Q. AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES, France, Dec. 19. 1918. GENERAL ORDERS ) No. 232 ) It is with a sense of gratitude for its splendid accomplishment which will live through all history, that I record in General Orders a tribute to the victory of the First Army in the Meuse-Argonne battle. Tested and strengthened by the reduction of the St. Mihiel salient, for more than six weeks you battered against the pivot of the enemy line on the western front. It was a position of imposing natural strength, stretching on both sides of the Meuse River from the bitterly contested hills of Verdun to the almost impenetrable forest of the Argonne; a position, moreover, fortified by four years labor designed to render it impregnable; a position you broke utterly, and thereby hastened the collapse of the enemy's mil- itary power. Soldiers of all the divisions engaged under the First, Third and Fifth Corps— the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 7th, 26th, 28th, 29th, 32nd, 33rd, 35th, 37th, 42nd, 77th, 79th, 80th, S2nd, 89th, 90th and 91st— you will be long 121 remembered for the stubborn persistence of your progress, your storming of obstinately defended machine gun nests, your penetration, yard by yard, of woods and ravines, your heroic resistance in the face of counter attacks supported by powerful artillery fire. For more than a month, from the initial attack of September 26th, you fought your way slowly through the Argonne, through the woods and over hills west of the Meuse; you slowly enlarged your hold on the Cotes de Meuse to the east; and then, on the first of November, your attack forced the enemy into flight. Pressing his retreat, you cleared the entire left bank of the Meuse south of Sedan, and then stormed the heights on the right bank and drove him into the plain beyond. Your achievement, v/hich is scarcely to be equalled in American history, must remain a source of proud satisfaction to the troops who participated in the last campaign of the war. The American people will remember it as the realization of the hitherto potential strength of the American contribu- tion toward the cause to which they had sworn allegiance. There can be no greater reward for a soldier or for a soldier's memory. This order will be read to all organizations at the first assembly forma- tion after its receipt. John J. Pershing, General, Commander in Chief, American Expeditionary Forces." OFFICIAL: Robert C. Davis, Adjutant General. The following is a record of the interest in and appreciation of the efforts of the Division, as it was being felt in the Division's home area: "(270— FOR OFFICIAL CIRCULATION ONLY) HQ. 9 1ST DIV. A. E. F., Dec. 18, '18. MEMORANDUM: The following resolution by the Council of the City of Tacoma, Wash- ington, U. S. A., is published for the information of this command: 'WHEREAS, recent news from France tells of the splendid showing made by the 91st Division in action, carrying on in the face of the fiercest opposition and winning for itself the remarkable commendation of the Major General Commanding, expressed in these words: 'At a time when the divisions on its flanks were faltering and even falling back, the 91st pushed ahead and steadfastly clung to every yard gained In its initial performance your division has established itself firmly on the list of the Commander-in-Chief's reliable fighting units. Please extend to your officers and men my appreciation of their splendid behavior and my hearty congratulations on the brilliant record they have made,' and WHEREAS, this information recalls vividly to our minds the fact that the 91st Division was the first division trained at our own Camp Lewis, and refreshes the recollection of the association of this division with the 122 people of this community — an association which attached it to us by ties which cannot be broken; and WHEREAS, we recall with pleasure that the foundations of the strong and earnest character of this division were well and truly laid under the devoted care of Major General Greene and the officers associated with him; and WHEREAS, we remember well the diligence with which their training was carried on during the whole time of their stay at Camp Lewis and we have not forgotten the good name which the division left with us when it was ordered away for duty overseas, and it is certainly no matter of surprise to us that the 91st Division has acquitted itself so nobly and so bravely; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TACOMA: That the Council place on its permanent records its sense of pride in the 91st Division, its grateful recollection of its association with this City, and its high appreciation of the well merited honor which has come to it. Adopted on roll call Nov. 8, 1918. Yeas, 5; Davisson, Harrison, Pettit, Shoemaker, Riddell. Nays, 0. C. M. Riddell, Mayor.' ATTEST: Blanche Funk Miller, City Clerk. HCJ 10:20—10:34. BY COMMAND OF MAJOR GENERAL JOHNSTON Henry C. Jewett, Colonel, Engineers, OFFICIAL: Chief of Staff." D. J. Coman Major, A. G., Acting Adjutant. 123 CHAPTER VIII TO THE BELGIAN FRONT October 12-27, 1918 12 October— EXMORIEUX FERME, near ECLISFONTAINE (MEUSE) to VERRIeRES-EN-HESSE FERMES, in FOReT DE HESSE, near DOMBASLE-EN-ARGONNE (MEUSE), Southeast, marching, 18|/ 2 kilo- meters. Exactly on schedule time the head of the 3rd Battalion, under command of Lieutenant Fortune, cleared ECLISFONTAINE, leading the brigade on the first of the series of marches that were to try its endurance to the very limit. This regiment led the column, followed by the 347th M. G. Battalion and 362nd Infantry. Within the regiment the order of march was 3rd Battalion, commanded by Lieutenant James C. Fortune; 2nd Battalion, Head- quarters Company and Regimental Headquarters Group, commanded by Captain Frank Heath ; 1st Battalion and Machine Gun Company, commanded by Captain Howard D. Hughes; Supply Company and trains, commanded by Captain Leon E. Savage. Overcoats were placed in squad rolls, bandoleers of rifle ammunition were left on a dump at ECLISFONTAINE. In addition to his usual arms and equipment each man carried a shelter half, blanket, raincoat, his reserve rations, a belt full of ammunition, and a lunch. Of the theoretical allowance of almost 400 animals to each war strength regiment in America, or the 300 for each regiment in the A. E. F., this regiment now had only 64, but was assisted by an allowance of 8 trucks. The regiment was far short of the vehicles that would require the 300 animals but even as it stood the veteran 64 were unable to move out all of the few precious vehicles the regiment had. The original destination for the day's march was DOMBASLE-EN- ARGONNE, but after reconnoitering the route in his car the Colonel de- cided to halt the troops at dusk near the springs of the VERRIeRES-EN HESSE farms which had been the headquarters of the Fifth Army Corps at the time of the regiment's attack of October 9th on Hills 255 and 269. The 347th Machine Gun Battalion, assisted by its machine gun carts, pushed on that night over the remaining four kilometers and bivouacked on a hill- side one kilometer west of DOMBASLE-EN-ARGONNE. As this regiment's bivouac was being made under the trees of the FOReT-DE-HESSE, a heavy rain began to fall, but a hot supper was served, and many men were able to find dry shelter in abandoned French dugouts. As the Commander of the 3rd Battalion had been delayed in leaving the line on the night before, this was the first time he had slept since 10 P. M. on October 8th, four days and four nights, 96 hours ago, and his ruddy color, but not his smile, was beginning to fade. 124 13 October (Sunday)— VERRIeRES-EN-HESSE FERMES to bivouac near DOMBASLE-EN-ARGONNE, South, marching, 4 kilometers. After a short march, a regulation shelter tent camp was pitched in a light rain on the southern slope of the open hill one kilometer west of DOMBASLE-EN-ARGONNE. Regimental and Brigade Headquarters were in DOMBASLE. During the day the remainder of the RENDEZ-VOUS DE CHASSE rolls were conjured up by Captain Savage. The Y. M. C. A. later opened a well stocked canteen and was assisted in its operation by Lieu- tenants Moore and Howells. Railroad trains running into DOMBASLE were regarded with friendly interest as a sign of an approaching return to civilization and possibly of a movement by rail instead of by foot. Brigade Headquarters in the meantime was making every effort, even at the 1st Army Headquarters, to obtain trucks to move the brigade on its way to the rear but all was to no avail. The brigade was scheduled to proceed by marching about 50 kilometers further to billets in the neighborhood of SERMAIZE-LES-BAINS (MARNE), about 17 kilometers west of BAR-LE-DUC (MEUSE), and 10 kilometers west of MUSSEY (MEUSE). This was to be the NETTAN- GOURT (MEUSE) rest area. The 182nd Brigade was already in the area between SERMAIZE and BAR-LE-DUC, and Division Headquarters was atCONTRISSON (MEUSE). 14 October— Bivouac near DOMBASLE-EN-ARGONNE (MEUSE) to IPPeCOURT (MEUSE), South, marching, 15 kilometers. The brigade moved out at 7 A. M. The 347th M. G. Battalion led, followed by the 362nd and 361st Regiments. Within this regiment the order of march was: 1st Battalion and M. G. Co., 2nd Battalion, Headquarters Company and Regimental Headquarters, 3rd Battalion and Supply Company. Formation: column of twos on the right of the road. Many officers and men were leaning on heavy canes as they plodded up the long hills, and the columns were delayed in inevitable tangles with other units that were moving to the front or rear along cross roads. During this and the following marches and the wet nightly bivouacs, many of the most hardy nearly gave way. Lieutenant Hudelson who had ably commanded Company "C" through practically the entire time of both battle phases, was now three times tagged by the doctors for evacuation, but nevertheless he kept on and finally came in at the head of his company. The route to IPPeCOURT lay through JUBeCOURT, VILLE-SUR- COUSANCES, and JULVeCOURT, all of them towns through which the regiment had passed on the night of September 17/18 on its way North from NUBeCOURT to BOIS LE COMTE, near BRABANT-EN-ARGONNE. The town of IPPeCOURT was already filled with French and American troops, so that except for those who were quartered in the barracks assigned to the 362nd Infantry, and in a barracks used for the several Battalion Headquarters and Regimental Headquarters, the men here slept in the open. Brigade and Regimental Orders were here issued for each officer and man to shave before leaving IPPeCOURT, and thereafter to shave daily. With the sole exception of the few men who had bathed in the CHAMB- 125 RONNE creek south of the BOIS CHeHeMIN during the brief rest be- tween the trips to the line, no one had bathed or had a chance to bathe for more than a month. Accordingly, there was here afforded to many of the men a brief bath on a hurried schedule. Warning was also published that men evacuated to hospitals as a result of wounds, illness or falling out on the march might become permanently separated from the regiment and every officer and man was urged to stay with the column as long as possible. If actually unable to keep up, he was urged to follow and rejoin his organiza- tion at the earliest opportunity. Here General McDonald was confined to his bed by illness, and Colonel Davis assumed command of the brigade. He held this responsibility until after the troops were entrained for Belgium. Captain Scudder and Lieutenant Bissett, both of Company "I," rejoined the regiment at IPPeCOURT although both had been wounded and evac- uated to the hospital, respectively, but 17 and 16 days before. Lieutenant Bissett took the active command of Company "I" while Captain Scudder assumed command of the 3rd Battalion. Lieutenant Fortune resumed his duties as Battalion Adjutant. 15 October— IPPeCOURT (MEUSE) to the FERMES DE LAMER- MONT, near VAUBECOURT (MEUSE), South, marching, 21 kilometers. The march to the NETTANCOURT rest area had been abandoned, the new final destination was not yet known, but evidently it was further east than the first. Order of march: 347th M. G. Battalion, 361st and 362nd Infantry Regiments. Within the regiment: 2nd Battalion, Headquarters Company and Regimental Headquarters, 3rd Battalion, 1st Battalion and Machine Gun Company, Supply Company. The first 7 kilometers took the regiment through FLEURY-SUR-AIRE and to NUBeCOURT where Regimental Headquarters, Headquarters Com- pany, the 2nd and 3rd Battalions had spent the 17th of September. After NUBeCOURT the line of march passed about 10 kilometers to the west of MARATS-LA-GRANDE, and was in territory new to this regiment. The brigade found itself passing through small towns already fully billeted with troops. The intended stopping place at VAUBECOURT did not offer even a satisfactory bivouac ground. The brigade accordingly marched four additional kilometers to the LAMERMONT farms. Here the buildings were practically all in use as part of a Prisoner of War Camp, but through the personal courtesy of the French Military Commander, all available buildings were turned over to the brigade, and permission given to occupy some privately owned woods. Enough covered space was thus afforded for the field officers, and for those men who were not supplied with shelter halves. The remainder bivouacked in the nearby woods in a pouring rain. 16 October— FERMES-DE-LAMERMONT to MUSSEY (MEUSE), South, marching, 15 kilometers. Just as the troops were about to march to CHARDOGNE, orders were received that the 91st Division would entrain for a new area and that the 361st Infantry would commence entraining from MUSSEY at 15 o'clock, 126 (3:00 P. M.) October 17th. The remainder of the brigade would entrain at REVIGNY, beginning late on the night of the 17th. Order of March: 347th M. G. Battalion, 362nd and 361st Infantry Regi- ments. Within the regiment the usual rotation of battalions put the 3rd Battalion in the lead, the 1st Battalion and Machine Gun Company next, and the 2nd Battalion, Headquarters Company and Regimental Headquar- ters third. The 75 kilometer (47 mile) march was ended at MUSSEY, but it was there necessary to wait during the afternoon for troops of the 182nd Brigade to entrain and thus clear the billets. Once the other troops were out, the first units in the column of march moved into their billets, and with the exception of the Second Battalion, practically all the regiment was that night under cover (and out of the almost ever-falling rain) for the first time since leaving PAROIS, nearly a month before. Colonel Davis, as Brigade Commander, was ordered to take charge of the entrainment on Quay "A" in REVIGNY. Captain Savage being ill, Captain Kanzler was directed to drop the personnel work and v/as put in command of the regiment. He was the only captain ever to command the regiment and he held this command until October 20th, when the regi- ment had begun its march into the interior of Belgium and had been rejoined by Colonel Davis. 17-19 October. MUSSEY (MEUSE, FRANCE) to ST. JEAN and WIELTJE, near YPRES (BELGIUM), Northwest, by rail, approximately 600 kilometers (375 miles). By the constant personal efforts of Captain Kanzler, transportation was obtained for many delayed items of badly needed clothing and equipment. Up to the very moment of entrainment, clothing and equipment was issued to the men who needed it and finally some unissued articles were carried on the trains to be issued at the other end of the trip. Among the articles received were the first of the disappointing British boots, which proved to be heavy and oddly shaped shoes that rarely fitted an American foot and long were the bane of the entire division. A few men found time for a cherished bath. Before entrainment the regiment received a few new officers. It also welcomed back a number of its own men who had been wounded in the MEUSE-ARGONNE drive and many of those who had been sent ahead on the recent marches in such transportation as had been available for the men then unable to proceed on foot. The regiment likewise received an additional supply of animals — many of them "skinny and crippled" but all able to stand and start. Accordingly when the regiment left France its approxi- mate strength was 65 officers out of a prescribed strength of 114, 1900 men out of a prescribed strength of about 3800, and 200 animals out of the Expeditionary Force allowance of about 300. Among the officers to rejoin the regiment here was Captain Carmi L. Williams, who resumed command of Company "F." The regiment moved on four trains, the first left at 3 :00 P. M. October 17th, the others at 3-hour intervals until midnight the same day. All had arrived in Belgium by noon of the 19th. 127 1st Train, carrying the 1st Battalion, Captain H. D. Hughes command- ing, detrained at ST. JEAN, BELGIUM, 2 kilometers northeast of YPRES. 2nd Train, carrying the 2nd Battalion, Captain Frank Heath command- ing, detrained at WIELTJE, BELGIUM, one kilometer northeast of ST. JEAN. 3rd Train, carrying 3rd Battalion, Captain M. S. Scudder commanding, detrained at ST. JEAN, BELGIUM. 4th Train, carrying Regimental Headquarters and Headquarters, Supply and Machine Gun Companies (less detachments of 2 machine guns, 1 officer and 24 men on 3rd train as anti-aircraft protection), Captain Jacob Kanzler commanding, detrained at WIELTJE. On October 16th an order had been received promoting to Majors, Cap- tains Goodpaster, Potter, Naftzger and Doherty and to Captains, Lieutenants Fortune and Page. All of these officers except Captain Fortune had been wounded and were still absent from the regiment. The promotions, how- ever, had been made for gallantry in action, and therefore the physical condi- tion of the recipients was not in question and all these promotions remained effective. Later all of these officers except Major Potter, who was sent to the United States for convalescence from his serious wounds returned to duty with the regiment. To Major Potter there was later awarded the Distin- guished Service Cross, with the citation quoted in the appendix to this his- tory. Captain Fortune was at once assigned to the command of Company "L," exchanging, as he put it, "an Adjutant's mount for a mountain of paper work." Colonel Davis, accompanied by Captain Fortune, Captain Champion (of the French Commission) and a chauffeur, drove to Belgium in the Colonel's car. A slight incident occurred on this trip, which indicated the constant thought that the Colonel was giving to the affairs of the regiment, but which has also raised the question as to which of the officers concerned was first called to the mind of the Colonel at the sight of the Gargoyle of Notre Dame. As the Colonel and Captain Fortune drove through Paris they got out of the car for a brief stroll and on the way stopped by the Notre Dame Cathedral. Here the Colonel looked up and earnestly studied one of the great Gargoyles on the building. Then without a change of expression or position thoughtfully remarked: "I wonder which is senior, Brace or Quinby." For most of the men the train trip itself was a luxury in that it at least was not marching, and although traveling in the usual box cars, the com- bined circumstances that the regiment was greatly depleted and that a French troop train has always the same number of cars regardless of its load, resulted in the men getting more train space than they ever had had before or were to have again in France. One serious loss occurred on the train trip. At a way-station one of the Supply Company's small but valued Chinese cooks ventured too far from the train. As the train started out without him, his mate, the other Chinese cook, jumped off to keep him company. There was no intent to desert, it was merely an unfortunate incident for them but more particularly for Captain Savage and his company. Once arrived at the destination a search- ing party was sent to find the cooks, and in a few days the party brought 128 them back. It had found Cooks Dong Chong and Ah Tong busily cooking for the first detachment they had met, and which happened to be part of the Canadian forces. Chong's simple explanation was "Train goes like hellee, no could catch." At the detraining point in Belgium all was gray desolation. It was within the famous "No-Man's Land" of Flanders and of fiction. A little more than two weeks before, the British and French, with the Second U. S. Army Corps, consisting of the 27th and 30th Divisions, had made their final attack on the Hindenburg line and had burst through it. The battle line was already some 30 kilometers distant, only a rare spent shell was landing within this area, and there were no German planes overhead. All was comparatively quiet, and the scene was the same as far as eye could reach. Totally different from the hilly, wooded country of the Argonne, this country was flat, broken only by gradual folds and distant low ridges. The land was scarcely above sea level, and only a few inches above water level. Such recognizable defences as existed were built above the surface. Dug-outs were really "dug-ups" and consisted usually of low mounds of earth supported by the semi-circular British hut-roofs of corru- gated iron. In these huts, each approximately twenty feet long, and fifteen feet wide at the base, with a roof curving to a height of a little more than six feet in the center — the several P. Cs. and many of the men were located. Here also was the home of the "cooties" and of the trench rats of world- wide fame. The size and activity of both types of these hungry inhabi- tants, as well as the character of the great waste of No-Man's Land, lived up to the wildest story that had reached the United States. Here the troops for the first time lived in the quarters of previous armies, and here for the first time the "cooties" attached themselves to the regiment, never to be finally driven off until the determined "cootie" campaign at BEL- LeME, France, six months later. Rats as large as cats and as bold as wolves, scampered in and about the huts and across the fields and roads. The great waste was pocketed with shell holes, crowded rim to rim like the pocks of smallpox — all with water in them and many of the older ones with gray, withered marsh grass already growing on their sides. The troops moved into bivouac close by the road in order not to be lost, and no search in the distance, however diligent, revealed any one locality that was greatly preferable to another. Lieutenant Murray of Headquarters Company, who, being without mortars for his Sappers and Bombers Platoon, had served throughout the Argonne as a trusted bearer of the Colonel's most important messages, or had been repeatedly dispatched under fire to perform dangerous or important missions, was now selected from the Regimental Headquarters at WIELTJE, to locate in this waste, the battalions at ST. JEAN. He returned late in the night the sole and valued possessor of the knowledge of the exact location of both parts of the regiment. Regimental Headquarters was established in an abandoned open-front iron-top hut. A sign was placed on the road, and a wire strung on stakes to guide runners and officers to the P. C. through the dark. The 37th and 91st Divisions had thus been sent to add their strength to the French Army of Belgium in the Group of Armies of Flanders, under the command of the King of Belgium. Attached to the 91st Division as 129 its artillery, was now the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade, originally of the 28th (Keystone) Division, and organized from former units of the Pennsyl- vania National Guard. This artillery was destined to render the fullest co-operation and most efficient support to its new infantry associates. Late on the night of October 19/20 Lieutenant Colonel Coleman arrived from Division Headquarters to establish connection with the several units and to deliver the march orders for the following day. At about midnight Captain Kanzler and the Operations Officer met him by chance as his car came through the rain along the muddy road at WIELTJE. Captain Kanzler received the march orders, and as a result of the day's investigations, was able to direct the Lieutenant Colonel to such units as were in the vicinity, including, oddly enough, the 182nd Brigade Headquarters, v/hich was snuggled in the mud near the roadside. It was now that the sleepless Lieu- tenant Murray received his usual detail and, mounted on one of Lieutenant Brace's new and listless but still four-legged animals, set out at a v/alk to carry the messages to the units at ST. JEAN. Realizing that he would scarcely reach his destination by dawn, he consistently halted every passerby enroute until at last he intercepted a motorcycle courier from the 181st Brigade Headquarters and by delivering the messages to the courier the necessary liaison was thus completed in proper season, and the next day's movement was made possible of execution at the hour ordered. The ration supply for the American units, now far separated from their base, was not yet running smoothly, but the luck and good judgment of Captain Heath in command of the 2nd Battalion enabled his companies to buy out a stranded British Commissary that was well stocked with oatmeal and farina. As a result, his battalion enjoyed several excellent hot meals of highly prized cooked cereal. 20 October (Sunday)— ST. JEAN and WIELTJE, BELGIUM, to DE RUITER, BELGIUM, via VERLORENHOEK, FREZENBERG, ZONNE- BEKE, PASSCHENDAELE, and COLLIEMOLENHOEK, Northeast, march- ing, 18 kilometers. The above names, astounding as they were to the Americans, all ap- peared on the maps, which showed each of them as the name of a town or settlement. The day's march, however, was to be across the strip which for many months had been No-Man's Land, and the PASSCHENDAELE on this route was the famous PASSCHENDAELE ridge that had long been featured as a battle center of Flanders. Ruined and deserted as was the nearby city of YPRES, that city still had sufficient ruins to mark it as a city. Not so with the towns in No-Man's Land. Never a house, a hut, or even a ruined wall showed above the waste. The muddy road followed its prescribed course on the map, but the rows of trees shown on its sides were gone, the towns were gone, even the fields themselves were gone, it was all one great gray bog and waste. British road "Tommies," evidently unfitted for more active service by reason of old age or other disabilities, but still wearing brass but- tons as bright as any on parade were working on the rough roads. Large well lettered black and white signs posted here and there in the waste land or on a heap of brick dust marked the former town locations. At PAS- SCHENDAELE, bricks for road repair were being excavated from a heap of red dust that marked the location of the village church. Shell holes, shat- tered cement "pill boxes," abandoned armored "tanks," field pieces, am- 130 munition, equipment of every type, here and there a dead animal, graves of soldiers, pools of stagnating water, and lines of tangled barbed wire extended in every direction to the silent horizon. The waste of war, the ruination of civilization, was visualized. This march through the "dead lands" covered but 18 kilometers, but it was popularly known as a 30 kilometer hike for its dreariness made it seem that long. As the Supply Company brought up the trains, although it found the roads rough and muddy, yet here in the rear of the British Army the excellent traffic and road discipline was a great help to progress. Lieutenant Murray and the Battalion Adjutants had gone ahead to reconnoiter locations for the night, and that afternoon when the regiment had passed the waste area and again come to green fields and battered buildings, it established itself at DE RUITER. All troops except those of the Second Battalion were "billeted" in ruins of varying degrees of demoli- tion, and later much of the Second Battalion found similar shelter. 21-27 October. DE RUITER, BELGIUM, resting and preparing for action. The 181st Brigade Headquarters was located in DE RUITER, the 347th Machine Gun Battalion in its outskirts, and the 362nd Infantry at MOST, less than 2 kilometers away. Division Headquarters was at OOSTNIEUW- KERKE, 2J/2 kilometers away. The Division was in the Army Reserve, and this was its rest area. The Flemish names and the Flemish language, which combined some- thing of the Dutch, German and French tongues, proved a mystery to the new troops, but here and there in the regiment came to light a man who knew that very dialect, and it was found also that most of the natives who gradually drifted into or through the deserted settlement, could understand the Americanized French that was offered by the regular company inter- preters. At first there were absolutely no civilians in DE RUITER, but before the regiment left there a week later, there was already puttering about in each ruin, some one man or even a little group of refugees begin- ning to patch up the holes in the roofs and preparing to occupy the ruins as "homes." At nearly every cross road, and in niches in nearly all of the best preserved buildings, were battered crucifixes or images of the Virgin Mary, all bearing silent testimony to the simple devout religion of the peasants that four years ago had tilled in peace these fertile fields of Flanders. The following general order expressive of the attitude of the Division Commander and of his troops in Belgium was here read to the several organizations : "(280— FOR OFFICIAL CIRCULATION ONLY) HQ. 9 1ST DIV. A. E. F. Oct. 22, 1918. GENERAL ORDERS: No. 30. I. 1. Officers and men of the 91st Division and of the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade, attached thereto, are advised that notwithstanding their creditable 131 participation in previous offensive action against the enemy, they have only begun to fight. The division commander realizes that for some weeks past officers and men have incurred unusual fatigue and exposure through changes of station and marches during inclement weather. But such conditions are only what must be anticipated during active field service in time of war. They meet full compensation in the realization of duty discharged and the hope for early defeat of the enemy. 2. No officer or man will voice the sentiment that his organization has borne its share of the burden or has been subjected to unusual demands. Any such sentiment is unworthy a good soldier. 3. This division, with the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade attached, has been selected for the honorable task of assisting the armies of the Allies in driving from this stricken country the forces which invaded it in violation of the rules of civilized warfare. Participation in such an enterprise should inspire all officers and men to contribute, during the coming operations, every particle of energy of which they are capable towards compliance with all orders and instructions received from proper authority. At the same time officers and men of the Allied forces will be treated with all possible courtesy and respect, and the people of this country will be shown the consideration due them. 4. This order will be read to each organization of the division, and the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade, at the first formation thereof after its receipt. William H. Johnston, Major General, U. S. A. 11:25-11:35 Commanding." \VHJ/d GENERAL DISTRIBUTION. Large numbers of German grenades were discovered near Regimental Headquarters. In most instances these had been abandoned while still in their original cases, and had not been finally fitted up for use. Captain Jean Champion, of the French Commission, and still attached to the regi- ment, had been a Grenade Instructor while at Camp Lewis, and he here rendered valuable service in preparing the grenades for use in Lieutenant Pfund's and Lieutenant Sweat's grenade school, which was soon in opera- tion. Here also Lieutenant Robert Guibert, of the French Commission, also attached to the regiment, and formerly an Automatic Rifle instructor at Camp Lewis, co-operated with Lieutenant Curtiss R. Gilbert in the conduct of a Chauchat Automatic Rifle School. The targets for this latter practice were appropriately located along the side of a knoll that housed a concrete German strongpoint. While at MUSSEY Captain M. S. Scudder, of Company "I" had been temporarily detailed as Regimental Adjutant, and instructed to report for duty upon arrival in the new area. He accordingly took up his new duties in DE RUITER. Captain Fortune thus was left the senior officer present with the 3rd Bat- talion and for the third time became its commander. A little later, when the 132 newly promoted Major Goodpaster returned to the regiment, a month after his wounds had been received, he was on October 29th placed in command of the 2nd Battalion, and Captain Heath was assigned to the command of Company "F," to replace Captain Williams, who had been unable to continue on active duty. Lieutenant Craig was assigned to Headquarters Company and took over the duties of Regimental Signal Officer, succeeding Lieutenant Vincent, who had been assigned to Company "H." At DE RUITER Major Sellwood, the Regimental Surgeon, worn out by his faithful and exhausting service in the MEUSE-ARGONNE drive was compelled to go to the hospital. He was succeeded by Captain Paul F. Brown, at that time the senior Medical Officer with the regiment and who had often before satisfactorily served as Regimental Surgeon in Camp Lewis and in France during periods when neither Major Winter nor Major Sellwood had been assigned to the Regimental Detachment. Chaplain Weber had given out physically, and Chaplain Bronson, who had now re- turned from a conscientious and careful completion of his duties as Burial Officer in the MEUSE-ARGONNE sector, was transferred to another unit of the division, so that Chaplain Beard became the only Chaplain with the regiment and also became the Burial Officer. A number of Second Lieu- tenants here joined the regiment and were assigned or attached as is shown later on the roster of officers at the "jump-off" of October 31st. Lieutenant "Happy Jack" O'Brien, however, served a brief two days with Company "K" before finding his final and appropriate berth with the wits of the Supply Company. Colonel A. D. Cummings, who had been promoted for gallantry in action on the same order with Major Goodpaster and Captain Fortune, brought to the division about 1000 replacements from the 84th Division. Some 300 of these were at once assigned to this regiment. These men, mostly from Ohio or the neighboring central states, had been separated from their division shortly after arrival in France, and after a brief trial of the hard life of "casuals," welcomed a permanent assignment to the regiment where they were correspondingly welcomed by the "veterans" of the ARGONNE. The new men readily assimilated themselves and from the first became a valued and integral part of their units. It was understood that Colonel Davis had been recommended for a well- deserved promotion to the grade of Brigadier General, and in view of his con- sequently expected separation from the regiment, Colonel Cummings was attached for duty with it and was placed in charge of its training, reorganiza- tion and re-equipping. Given this opportunity to familiarize himself with the organization, its members and its methods, already in a large measure previously known to him as Division Inspector and Brigade Adjutant, he made use of it in a manner that prepared him for the discharge of ' the responsibility soon to be thrust upon him in the midst of action. These days of rest and reorganization were seized upon to file recom- mendations for deserved awards or promotions, to write letters of sympathy and appreciation to the relatives of those who had been killed, to refit the regiment with needed equipment, to re-establish the company organ- izations on the basis of their effective strength of approximately !50 men each, to take up close order drill, to develop in the light of newly acquired 133 experience the practical use of rifle (V. B.) grenades and hand grenades, of Chauchat automatic rifles, of the Enfield and Springfield rifles themselves, of bayonets and of machine guns. The band was reassembled, its instru- ments brought up, and brief joint practice undertaken with the band of the 362nd Infantry. The Personnel Office was established close by and it gradually began to come to the surface above the mass of rapidly accumu- lating record work incident to the recent actions and consequent changes in personnel. Also before the regiment left DE RUITER it dispatched to the Officers' Training Camps in France its quota of highly recommended en- listed men, many of whom there earned commissions which they received shortly before returning to the United States. It became important to familiarize the officers and men with the tactical demands of the now comparatively open and rolling terrain. The fields, hedges and nearby ridges abounded with the freshly abandoned German machine gun positions, and everyone thus had an excellent opportunity to examine closely the heavily cemented or cunningly hidden hedge posi- tions used by the enemy. Also a tactical problem was prepared, and, with the several battalions taking turns in the front line, brigade attacks were simulated against hostile positions while members of the Intelligence Service by waving warning flags or members of the Machine Gun Company by firing warning machine gun bursts into the ground indicated the positions that actually had been or were likely to be taken by the enemy. In carrying out these maneuvers the veterans of the ARGONNE showed ready skill in taking advantage of the comparatively limited cover and the new men learned from their example. A new type of formation was developed, designed to decrease losses, and to avoid the maintenance of an easily enfiladed straight line of skirmishers. The troops were taught to advance to the attack against scattered machine guns with a screen of scouts ahead and themselves adopting a formation in rough line of combat groups. The groups, or so-called "gangs", were each in column and, ac- cording to the terrain, were separated by intervals of from 10 to 20 or even more meters. The individual members of the group, singly or in pairs, would follow their group leaders to the front or flank, by rushing one by one or two by two from cover to cover that usually consisted only of shell holes or of folds in the ground. Each man or pair remained 5 to 15 meters behind the preceding one. The net result was an irregular but easily controlled, mobile and well covered line of skirmishers, advancing "echeloned in depth." On October 24th, the divisional area was extended to include a district south of ROULERS which was a comparatively large town, 2'/2 kilometers northeast of DE RUITER. On the following day, certain of the other units of the division moved forward to that area and on October 26th Division Headquarters was opened in a chateau at RUMBEKE, 3 kilometers to the east of DE RUITER. This was one of the many chateaux later encountered in Belgium by apparently all of the various headquarters other than those of this regiment. On Sunday, October 27th, in accordance with a thought originating with Colonel Davis for this regiment, a joint memorial service was held by the brigade in a field near DE RUITER. The service was to be in memory 134 of those who had given their lives in the MEUSE-ARGONNE drive, and Colonel Davis wished at the same time to express a welcome to the newly joined members of the regiment. The entire brigade was assembled around a little platform. The joint bands rendered appropriate selections, Chap- lain Beard delivered a brief, but stirring, thoughtful and eloquent address expressing the underlying spirit of the American Army in the Great War, and then in honor of the men whose bodies had been buried "on the sunny slopes or beneath the shades of the forests of France," three volleys were fired by a platoon of infantry and "taps" was sounded as if over their graves. After the dismissal of the brigade, the 361st Infantry remained on the field, and Colonel Davis read the General Order which he had penned the night before. In the following words he immortalized the regiment and welcomed to it its new members: "Headquarters, 361st Infantry, American E. F., A. P. O. 776, 27th October, 1918. GENERAL ORDERS: No. XXVIII. 1. The 361st Infantry has received its baptism of blood and fire and has fully justified all predictions as to what its conduct would be. It has most creditably upheld all traditions that go toward establishing a worthy reputa- tion in any military service. Never once has it faltered. In all tasks assigned to it the regiment has excelled. Never once has it been ordered to advance but what it has gained ground. The regiment still leads. High among the names of the illustrious regiments in all the war must be written the name of the 361st Infantry. It is with unbounded pride that the Regi- mental Commander congratulates you one and all, and extends to you, to our wounded, and sick as well, and to those who have passed away, his thanks for the splendid achievements of this glorious organization. 2. We are assembled today though not to extoll our successes, but rather in bereavement of our losses. We have paid a high price for our successes. We must today bring back to our presence the memories of our friends and comrades who have fallen in this cause, who have been sacrificed that an inhuman foe might be vanquished and the world made safe for our families and to posterity. They are gone, but what can be sweeter than to be laid away in the consciousness that one has given his very all in a work and in a cause that admits of there being no better, none more righteous in all eternity. We honor our dead, yet the more they honor us. 3. We bring back today the memories of our Miller, Farwell, C. F. Smith, Long, Paul D. Smith, Morriss, McCarthy, Dillon, and of the others of our illustrious dead. We see them again as they were while among us, upright, stalwart and brave, struggling to do their duties whatever they were, leading always, encouraging and protecting others, and advancing fearlessly to their deaths. We are lonely without them and we grieve deeply that they must have been sacrificed. They will always serve as examples to us in many, many ways. 135 4. But at this time and forever, our hearts must go out to their families, to their mothers, to their fathers, to their wives, to their children, and to their sweethearts and friends. These are the sufferers now. Their sacri- fices are the more painful in that they are continuing always. We must ever remember their sad bereavements and stand ready to assist. 5. Because of the sacrifice to our cause which the regiment has had to make, the government has sent to us officers and men to replace those who have gone. We welcome you to our regiment with all our hearts and souls. We ask you to forget any previous regimental affiliations and to be as organically a part of the regiment as we are ourselves. Our cause is your cause. We are all of the same blood. Let your sorrows be our sorrows, and the joy of one be the joys of the other. We must fight side by side, suffer side by side, and rejoice side by side. We must do this as one complete homogeneous whole. We welcome you into the 361st Infantry. We are proud of the regiment as we are proud of you now a part of it. It must be forevermore your pride and love. We are glad that you are here to join in our bereavement and we feel that the souls of these glorious ones who have departed, as strongly welcome you to our own today as we do ourselves. Wm. D. Davis, Colonel, 361st Infantry, WDD-mov. Commanding." 136 ROSTER OF OFFICERS, 36 1ST INFANTRY October 31, 1918— at "Jump-Off," 1st Phase of "LYS-SCHELDT" Offensive Regimental Headquarters Colonel William D. Davis Colonel Avery D. Cummings (attached) Lieut. Colonel Captain Marshall S. Scudder (Co. "I"), Acting Regi- mental Adjutant Captain Jacob Kanzler, Personnel Adjutant Captain Harold H. Burton, Operations Officer Captain Paul F. Brown, M. R. C, Regimental Surgeon 1st Lieut. John W. Beard, Regimental Chaplain 2nd Lieut. Edward A. Valentine (Co. "L"), attached as Regimental Liaison Officer 2nd Lieut. Oliver Voderberg (Co. "G"), attached as Regi- mental Gas Officer Captain Jean Champion, of French Army, attached as member of French Commission 1st Battalion Captain Howard D. Hughes (Co. "A"), Commanding 1st Lieut. Donald G. Abel, Adjutant 2nd Lieut. Frank W. Coppinger (Co. "B"), attached as Intelligence Officer. Company "A" Company "C" Captain CaDtain 1st Lieut. Ellis Bates p ¥ . "'" ' * * * '*" *'* ** V 1st Lieut 1st Lieut. Charles H. Hudelson 1st Lieut 1st Lieut (2nd Lieut. Merriam J. Howells, S. 1st Lieut D. as Liaison Officer, 181st Brig. 2nd Lieut. John C. Hayes (attached) „ I ? < J c ! rs -) „., „ _ 2nd Lieut. Francis L. Meade 2nd Lieut. Milo B. Seay Company "D" Company "B" (Captain Wallace T. Downing, S. D. as Instructor at Army Candidates Captain School). 1st Lieut. Charles H. Moore, Jr. 1 st Lieut. Gustave B. Appelman 1st Lieut 1st Lieut. Gilpin S. Sessions T . 1st Lieut. Southall R. Pfund lst Lieut 2nd Lieut. Augustus C. Carver (at- 2nd Lieut. Joseph E. O'Connor (at- tached) tached) 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut. Sam W. Robertson 137 2nd Battalion Major Ora Goodpaster 1st Lieut. Curtiss R. Gilbert, Adjutant 2nd Lieut. Ray R. Vincent (Co. "H"), attached as Liaison Officer 2nd Lieut. Uil Lane (Co. "G"), attached as Intelli- gence Officer Company "E" Captain 1st Lieut. Henry P. Hoffman 1st Lieut. Ely F. Echolds (attached, S. D. as Liaison Officer) 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Frank R. Johnston 2nd Lieut. John A. Flagg Company "F" Captain Frank Heath 1st Lieut. Wallace M. MacKay 1st Lieut 1st Lieut (2nd Lieut. Ernest L. Damkroger, D. S. in charge of Div. Warehouse at Meuse, France) 2nd Lieut. Jack Sweat 2nd Lieut. Theodore W. Burnett (at- tached) Company "G" Captain Clarence J. Minick 1st Lieut. Edmond T. Duvall tached) 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut Company "H" Captain 1st Lieut. Ira G. Towson 1st Lieut. Jesse T. Wilkins 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Reginald T. Mitchell 2nd Lieut (at- 3rd Battalion Captain Friend S. Dickinson (Co. "D"), Commanding 1st Lieut. James R. McLaughlin (Co. "I"), Acting Adjutant 2nd Lieut. Arthur Cody (Co. "M"), attached as Intelli- gence Officer 2nd Lieut. Charles Stout (Co. "L"), attached as Liaison Officer Company "I" Captain 1st Lieut. David A. Bissett 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Robert A. Woodyard 2nd Lieut Company "K" Captain 1st Lieut. John E. Bailey 1st Lieut. William Dean (attached) 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. John H. Hastings 2nd Lieut 138 3rd Battalion — Continued Company "L" Captain James C. Fortune (1st Lieut. Gregg M. Evans, D. S. at School at Langres) 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Richard Franklin (at- tached) 2nd Lieut. Harold J. Jones (assigned to regiment, attached to co.) Company "M" Captain (1st Lieut. Frederick F. Lamping, D. S. at School at Langres) 1st Lieut. Francois Trouchet 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Thomas E. Dunn 2nd Lieut. Lorenzo S. Foote (at- tached) Headquarters Company Captain 1st Lieut. Earle G. McMillen (Sap- pers and Bombers Platoon) 1st Lieut. Harold C. Hubbell (In- telligence Officer) 1st Lieut. Ernest K. Murray (One- Pounder Platoon) 2nd Lieut. Harry J. Craig (Signal Officer) 2nd Lieut Machine Gun Company Captain 1st Lieut. George E. Kelsch 1st Lieut. Lewin W. Martinez 2nd Lieut. Reginald H. Linforth 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut Supply Company Captain Leon E. Savage 1 st Lieut. Fred L. Brace 1st Lieut. James A. Quinby 1st Lieut. William P. Gillogly tached) 2nd Lieut. Jack O'Brien 2nd Lieut. Albert R. Bartell (at- Medical Detachment Captain Paul F. Brown, M. R. C, Regimental Surgeon 1st Lieut. Fred B. Coleman, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Leland C. Mcintosh, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. John L. Burnside, D. R. C. 1st Lieut. Ernest C. McKibben, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Charles H. Smith, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Mayo Reiss, D. R. C. 1st Lieut. George H. Griffin, M. R. C. 1st Lieut. Clyde Ruff, M. R. C. 139 CHAPTER IX THE CAPTURE OF AUDENARDE October 28-November 4, 1918— First Phase of the Ypres-Lys- (Scheldt) Offensive. 28 October— DE RUITER to KRIEKHOEK via RUMBEKE, OUCKEN, BOSCHMOLENS, LENDELEDE and DOORNHOEK, East, marching, 19|/ 2 kilometers. The division was attached to the 7th French Army Corps and was mov- ing to the front. Division Headquarters moved to CHaTEAU-ISEGHEM, Brigade Headquarters to DOORNHOEK, 347th M. G. Battalion to DOORN- HOEK, 362nd Infantry to LENDELEDE, 361st Infantry to KRIEKHOEK and vicinity. The scene was again different. This land was too far to the east to have suffered from the shell fire on the YPRES front, it had substantially recovered from the damages of the early days of the war and the recent German retreat had been too rapid to draw heavy fire. The buildings rarely showed signs of demolition, the fields contained few shell holes, and every- where the land was in cultivation. By far the prevailing crop was that of turnips, large, white, sweet, juicy turnips, fully ripe. These turnip fields became so frequent, and raw turnips became such a popular side dish for lunch that the entire Belgian drive became well known in the division as the "Turnip Drive." Every little group of farms had a name on the map and often the smaller the place the longer and more unpronounceable was the name. The Germans had carefully painted these names on the buildings and street corners in large black and white letters which were often one or two feet high and easily readable except on the blackest night, yet their very frequency, peculiarity, similarity and sometimes their identity with each other, so mystified most of the Americans that it became impossible for the doughboy (not to mention the M. P.'s) to give reliable directions. Added to this difficulty was another of following even correct directions along the crooked course of the narrow cobblestoned highways and byways, particularly at night in the absence of all guiding lights. The hiding of lights, including the hiding of even the motor vehicle headlights, was essential, for although the excellent Allied air service cleared the heavens in daylight, the enemy each night sent out squadrons of whirring, busy, bombing airplanes which dropped their great bombs on everything that suggested a likely target. The rules requiring darkness, already well taught to the civilians by the Germans, were so strictly ob- served that at night scarcely a glimmer shone through the heavily shuttered cottage or city windows, and troops or vehicles on the road would un- expectedly be confronted by sharp corners or would find themselves face to face with dark French camions lumbering toward them at practically full speed. 141 INFANTRY t Offensive 4, 1918 worry if how r, was elgian plane. at the ■mown vever, e bat- of not an 10 lowed fed in .alion, ieath, s had rain- anner main- curity s and 3d its The I was s and meter leters Gun iead- clean ce in nown ' and later, alike, it up show 3ther rops, oon" alion "Re- *■>• ^ October 28-1 Offensive. 28 October- BOSCHMOLEI* kilometers. The division ing to the front Brigade Headqu HOEK, 362nd 1 and vicinity. The scene v have suffered f recovered from German retreat showed signs of where the land of turnips, large became so freqi lunch that the as the "Turnip I and often the si the name. Th buildings and si often one or tw( yet their very identity with ea< impossible for t directions. Ad< correct directioi highways and b lights. The hid headlights, was < the heavens in whirring, busy, everything that already well tat served that at n: cottage or city expectedly be c< to face with da full speed. These unseen enemy bombers gave some of the men far more worry than did even heavy daylight shellfire, and the story has been told of how the Company Headquarters of Company "L," including its commander, was driven to cover one night by the loud purr and rattle of a hidden Belgian kitten which had been mistaken for the purr of a German bombing plane. Protected by the Allies' control of the air and by the fact that the Americans would readily be mistaken for the British who were already known to be in this sector, all troop movements were conducted by day. However, so as to avoid traffic congestion, precautions were taken to separate bat- talions by 300 meters, to divide motor transport trains into convoys of not more than 8 vehicles, and wagon trains into convoys of not more than 10 vehicles, with distances of at least 50 meters between convoys. The brigade moved out with the 347th M. G. Battalion ahead, followed by the 361st and 362nd Infantry Regiments. The 361st Infantry moved in three columns: 1st Battalion commanded by Captain Hughes, 2nd Battalion, Headquarters and Machine Gun Companies, commanded by Captain Heath, and 3rd Battalion, commanded by Captain Fortune. New regulations had been made whereby each man now wore his overcoat and carried his rain- coat, one blanket, and certain specified small articles in a prescribed manner in or on his pack. Squad rolls were made up containing the remain- ing blankets, clothing and equipment. Packs were inspected for security and appearance before each march. The rolling kitchens, water carts and ration carts were divided into battalion trains, each of which followed its own battalion and later was accompanied by a Battalion Mess Officer. The remainder of the trains followed the regiment. Lieutenant Bartell was placed in charge of the motor trucks, which served to bring up supplies and miscellaneous equipment from the rear. The 1st Battalion was billeted in and about OTTECA, one kilometer northeast of KRIEKHOEK, the 2nd Battalion at MUIJZEL, two kilometers southeast of KRIEKHOEK, the 3rd Battalion, Headquarters, Machine Gun and Supply Companies were at or near KRIEKHOEK. Regimental Head- quarters were placed with Headquarters Company in an immaculately clean convent and school building. The children, who rarely seemed scarce in Belgium, were here present in swarms. At this point Mr. J. L. Pender, of the Knights of Columbus, better known as "KC" or "Casey," appeared in the midst of the Supply Company and from then on till the day of demobilization in Camp Lewis, six months later, he was the constant friend, companion and aid of men and officers alike. He moved with the troops, shared their hardships, repeatedly brought up welcome gifts of tobacco, candy, food or reading matter, and without show or pretentiousness quickly spread these stores throughout the regiment. 29 October — KRIEKHOEK and vicinity, waiting in corps reserve. The day was spent quietly and preparations were begun for another extended stay. The fields, however, were so crowded with cultivated crops, that it was almost impossible to find assembly grounds for the troops. The "Maroon" and "Mamma" code was now superceded by the "Racoon" code. The 91st Division became "Racoon," 346th Machine Gun Battalion "Rascal," 181st Infantry Brigade "Regard," 361st Infantry Regiment "Re- 142 gatta," (its 1st Battalion "Regent," its 2nd Battalion "Register," its 3rd Battalion "Regulator"), 362nd Infantry Regiment "Relay," 347th Machine Gun Battalion "Renegade," 182nd Infantry Brigade "Republic," 363rd In- fantry Regiment "Reptile," 364th Infantry Regiment "Retort," 348th Machine Gun Battalion "Revenge," 53rd Field Artillery Brigade "Radiant," 107th Field Artillery Regiment, "Redeem," etc. The 361st Infantry Regimental Commander was "Regatta 1," its Operations Officer "Regatta 6," and its Regimental Adjutant "Regatta 8." The names given to the battalions by this code clung to them for months and for convenience were still being used by the telephone operators in BELLeME, France, 4 months later. 30 October— KRIEKHOEK to EVANGELIEBOOM, via HULSTE, OYGHEM, STRAATE, DESSELGHEM, SPRIETE and DRIESELA, South- west, marching, 15 kilometers. The Personnel Office, Company Clerks and Band were moved to ISEGHEM. On short notice the tentative training schedule for October 30th was abandoned, and the brigade marched forward to join the attack of October 31st. The 347th Machine Gun Battalion led the column, followed by the 361st and 362nd Infantry Regiments. Within the 361st Infantry the troops moved in three columns, 2nd Battalion commanded by Major Goodpaster. 3rd Battalion commanded by Captain Dickinson (newly assigned as its com- mander), the 1st Battalion with Headquarters and Machine Gun Companies, commanded by Captain Hughes. The LYS River, near DESSELGHEM, was the first obstacle. The Ger- mans had destroyed the permanent bridges, and crossings were made on small pontoon bridges. A mixture of French and American troops and trains caused traffic congestion, and the 361st Infantry Supply Company succeeded in keeping contact with the regiment only by cutting across the river on an unauthorized but temporarily open bridge. The troops were held in STRAATE pending the rejoining of units separated or delayed at the crossings, and also to await definite information as to their final position. A temporary Regimental P. C. was selected by Sergeant Major O'Brien and established by Captain Scudder in the front room of a Belgian dwelling on the principal highway. Dusk coming on, the rolling kitchens, now accom- panying their respective battalions, served supper in the street. The march was later resumed and that night the regiment was moved into position as Brigade Reserve in front of EVANGELIEBOOM. The 7th French Army Corps, was to attack the following morning with the 41st French Infantry Division on the right (next to a British division of an adjoining corps), the 91st U. S. Infantry Division in the center, and the 128th French Infantry Division on the left (next to the 37th U. S. Infantry Division of an adjoining corps). The 128th French Infantry Division, after passing the second objective, along the CRUYSHAUTEM — (later more popularly known to the Americans as "CHRYSANTHEMUM" or "CHRYS" for short)— WORTEGEM road, was to allow itself to be pinched out, but to keep enough troops on the line to fill any gap that might remain or occur between the two American Divisions. The 181st 143 brigade was to be in the front line on the south side of the Divisional Sector. The jump-off was about 500 meters west of the WAEREGHEM- ANSEGHEM Road. Brigade Headquarters were at EVANGELIEBOOM, Division Headquarters at DESSELGHEM. 31 October— Vicinity of EVANGELIEBOOM— in Brigade Reserve, while 362nd Infantry attacked with net gain of approximately 1 kilometer. The Brigade Field Order was not issued until 20:30, October 30th, and after verbal instructions had been given to the several battalions, the fol- lowing Regimental Field Order was issued after midnight to confirm the previous instructions: "Headquarters Regatta, 31 October, 1918. Field Orders: No. I. 1. (a) The 91st Division as part of the 7th French Army Corps, will attack at H hour (notice of H hour has already been given by orderly to Battalion Commanders. No further notice will be given), 31 October, on front between WAEREGHEM (inclusive) and STEENBRUGGE (exclu- sive). The 181st Brigade will attack on the right of this sector, limitations stated below. (b) On left of 91st Division, 128th French Division, on left of 181st Brigade, 182nd Brigade. On right of brigade, 41st French Division. 2. (a) The brigade will attack in column of regiments, 362nd infantry in front line, 361st Infantry in Brigade reserve. (b) Zone of Action: 181st Brigade: Northern boundary— Southern edge of SPITAALS BOS- SCHEN— STUIVENBERGHE (inclusive), WAALEM Farm (inclusive), HULSTHOEK Farm (inclusive), AUDENARDE (inclusive). Southern boundary— STEENBRUGGE (exclusive), JAM- MELSHOEK (inclusive), WORTEGEM (inclusive), PETEGEMSTRAAT (exclusive), PETEGEM (exclusive). 3. (a) Initial Disposition for the Attack. The 362nd Inf. will have two battalions in the front line and one in support. The 361st Inf. will have its three battalions echeloned in depth and in the following order, 2nd Battalion with Company A, 347th M. G. Bn. attached and one 37mm gun will form along the west edge of KLEIN-HARLEBEKE Woods. 3rd Bat- talion with Company B 347th M. G. Bn. attached and one 37mm gun, formed approximately 500 meters northwest of 2nd Battalion. 1st Bat- talion with Machine Gun Co. attached, formed approximately 500 meters northwest of 3rd Battalion. Each Battalion will be organized in depth so as to cover an area of at least 300 meters. In the advance, the leading Battalion will follow the support battalion of the 362nd Inf. at 1000 meters. 37mm guns will follow their respective Battalions as promptly as practic- able, and will be attached for rations to Companies I and G in the 3rd and 2nd Battalions respectively. Men will eat breakfast and carry lunches issued by Headquarters Co. 144 (b) The attack will be preceded by five minutes of concentrated heavy artillery preparation, and beginning at zero hour will be accompanied by rolling barrage moving at the rate of 100 meters in four minutes as far as the line 200 meters beyond first objective. On arrival at the 1st objective leading troops will halt until H hour plus three hours and thirty minutes, and then resume attack. On arrival at second objective, leading troops will halt until H plus seven hours. Rolling barrage will not accompany troops from 1st to 2nd objective. (c) 347th M. G. Bn. less 2 companies, will take position of close liaison with 361st Infantry, as part of Brigade reserve, and will advance with that reserve. (d) 362nd Inf. will insure combat liaison with 41st French Division, which will assign similar combat liaison groups, above groups to be in position before H hour 200 meters in rear of front line, and on the bound- ary between the 181st Brigade and 41st Division. Combined detachments will be commanded by senior captain. 4. (a) Each company will detail four men as litter bearers in accord- ance with previous instructions. These men to be furnished with litters by Regimental Surgeon at earliest opportunity. They will carry litters particularly between their respective companies and the Battalion 1st Aid Station. (b) Company kitchens will accompany the battalions during the time this regiment remains in support. Each battalion will, however, appoint a Battalion Ration Officer, and each company will at once designate one N. C. O. and 7 privates as rations detail, so that ration carrying details are available for efficient operation when troops are sent into the front lines or other conditions require it. The ration detail is vital to the success of the attack. No man not fully capable of the work should be selected for it. 5. Ammunition will be brought as far forward as practicable, and issue be made as rapidly as possible to all riflemen of sufficient ammunition to give them 160 rounds. This is to be increased to 200 rounds in case need develops. 6. Especial warning is given against German snipers and machine gunners throughout this area, particularly all farm houses in the regi- ment's sector, which should be carefully examined and mopped up, includ- ing cellars. Many losses have been experienced due to failure to do this. 7. Regimental P. C. will remain at present location approximately 100 meters east of EVANGELIEBOOM, until further notice. Wm. D. Davis Colonel, Regatta, HHB-mov Commanding." The general plan of maneuver which appeared in the Division Order, and was incorporated into the Brigade Order by cross reference, was ex- plained verbally to the Battalion Commanders and in brief was for the attacking infantry brigades to push rapidly by the SPITAALS BOSSCHEN (a hill and woods) both on its north and south sides, join forces at the first objective 500 meters beyond the hill and then, while other assigned troops mopped up the SPITAALS BOSSCHEN, push on together to the CRUYS- 145 HAUTEM-WORTEGEM Road which formed the second objective about 2Vi kilometers further east. From there the brigade attack was to be pushed to the ESCAUT (better known as the SCHELDT) River including the capture of the City of AUDENARDE on the western bank of the river. The supporting artillery had already crowded up to deliver the morning barrage. As a result the Supply Company found practically every barn in use as an arsenal and early the next morning it had another opportunity, similar to that in the ARGONNE, to test the nerves of the animals as they passed under the noses of the guns firing the barrage. General McDonald's Operations Report shows that strong machine gun resistance was met from the southern edge of the SPITAALS BOSSCHEN and from heights in the neighboring sector to the right. During the early hours of the attack this resistance was dealt with by the accompanying artillery and machine guns supporting the attack, thus enabling the 362nd Infantry to reach its first objective, about 3 kilometers ahead, by noon. This line, however, could not be held, because the SPITAALS BOSSCHEN had not been mopped up and because the 41st French Division was not able to advance on the right abreast of the line named. Accordingly the 362nd Infantry was obliged to withdraw and in spite of that regiment's heavy losses, their line of resistance at the end of the day was back ap- proximately to the WAEREGHEM-ANSEGHEM Road, which ran between 500 and 1000 meters ahead of the jump-off. The 361st Infantry's starting position was immediately in rear of the support battalion of the 362nd Infantry; accordingly it was necessary for this regiment to remain where it was until the 362nd Infantry had gained the prescribed distance of 1000 meters. The progress of the day's fighting as above outlined resulted in moving the leading battalions of the 361st Infantry only a few hundred meters forward. During the day the Regimental Headquarters moved across the fields about a kilometer to KLEIN-HARLE- BEKE, where Captain Scudder had selected a roomy, neat, low farmhouse which on the following night was also to serve as an assembly point for the Battalion Commanders and Adjutants. Thus for the second time the brigade had spent a day in the front line of an engagement but without any troops of this regiment on the firing line. Practically no hostile fire reached the regiment, and the men spent their time resting in the fields in much the same manner as though assigned to the reserve in a practice maneuver. Hot meals were served with all the regularity and ease that could be desired and even tobacco reached the men. This extra day gave the regiment an excellent opportunity not only to co-ordinate its system of ration supply and first aid service but to check up and remedy personal shortages of battle equipment. 1 November— KLEIN-HARLEBEKE to AUDENARDE, East, pursuing the enemy, 12^2 kilometers (ll'/i of these were ahead of the firing line as already established by the 362nd Infantry). At 6:35 P. M. October 31st, a message was sent to the several units of the regiment ordering them to prepare to relieve the 362nd Infantry before 5 :00 A. M. the following morning. Tentative dispositions were made and reconnaissances ordered. The Battalion Commanders and Adjutants, 146 the commanders of the auxiliary units (including the machine gun and 37mm gun units), the liaison officers from the artillery and the usual officers of the Regimental Staff were assembled in the Colonel's room where the plans were orally outlined for the next day, subject to final confirmation. At 23:45, October 31st, the Division Field Order was issued, and at 2:30, November 1st, the Brigade Field Order was issued. Later these reached the regiment. Some changes in the regiment's proposed method of advance were required by the detailed provisions of these orders and the Battalion Commanders were again reassembled so as to make possible a full under- standing of the somewhat complicated maneuver. The orders were read and explained and the maneuver arranged as follows: Units when first moving out were to retain substantially their existing relative positions, except that Lieutenant Hudelson with Company "C" and Lieutenant Linforth with a platoon from the Regimental Machine Gun Company, were to form the American portion of the mixed combat liaison detachment between the 91st Division and the 41st (French) Divi- sion on the right. The battalions in their present order of 2nd, 3rd and 1st, were to advance through the SPITAALS BOSSCHEN, passing by the left flank of the 362nd Infantry, and through the units of the 182nd Brigade which had now occupied the woods. The troops were scheduled to arrive at the eastern edge of the woods and there deploy at "H" hour. The 2nd Battalion (with Company "A" 347th M. G. Bn. and one 37mm gun) was to place itself on the right in the front line, and the 3rd Battalion (with Com- pany "B" 347th M. G. Bn. and one 37mm gun) on the left in the front line, while the 1st Battalion (less Company "C") and the Regimental Machine Gun Company (less one platoon) were to be in support. "H" hour was set for 6:30 and at that time a brief rolling barrage was scheduled to move ahead of the troops from a line 300 meters ahead of the jump-off line. The specified jump-off line was then three kilometers ahead of the leading battalion, and that battalion was then about one kilometer ahead of the Regimental Headquarters. The orders were at once communicated to the company and platoon commanders, but hurry as they might, it was prac- tically 6:30 when the regiment actually moved out. The Second Battalion, however, had passed the prescribed jump-off line and thus relieved the front line by about 7 :30. All that morning this battalion swept ahead at top speed and the Third Battalion only with the greatest difficulty finally succeeded in catching it and arrived abreast of it on its left before the conclusion of the advance. The arrangement of the rifle companies within the battalions was the same as on the day previous. In the 2nd Battalion "E" was on the right, "G" on the left in front, "F" on the right, "H" on the left in support; in the 3rd Battalion "K" on the right, "L" on the left in front, "M" on the right, "I" on the left in support, and in the 1st Battalion "B" was on the right, "A" on the left in front, and "D" on the right in support. The enemy had evidently started a withdrawal to the heights beyond the SCHELDT, and the German rear elements had a head start of several hours on our troops with the result that the Americans, for the first five kilom- eters, met no machine gun resistance and only light shell and sniper fire. The inhabitants had been told by the Germans that the advancing troops were British — and as the Belgians rushed to the doors and yards of their cottages, their joy was redoubled on learning that the troops were 147 American, and that America, with 2,000,000 troops was actually on the European firing line. The people eagerly offered to the advancing troops coffee, milk and even bread spread with some form of butter substitute. Complete liaison was early established on the flanks but owing to the rate of advance it was a great strain on the signal platoon to keep its wires within even a reasonable distance of the front line. Guiding on the WORTEGEM church spire, the Second Battalion, widely deployed, continued rapidly ahead. In the little town of WORTEGEM, old men and women lined the road smiling a deep thankfulness and with tears in their eyes reached out to shake the hands of the soldiers or gladly threw their arms about them in welcome. Sandwiches, apples, and home made cigars were thrust on the victors, while occasional German shells were still contributed by the enemy. By noon the front line had reached a long ridge, extending from V-7888 to V-4575 along the crest of the western slope of the SCHELDT valley, a position clearly landmarked on the right flank by a pair of large four-winged windmills on the sky-line. From here the valley lay wide open across to the commanding German position on the steep east bank of the river shown on the maps as FORT KEZEL. Northward through the valley ran the SCHELDT River, which had been permitted to flood all the low- lands that it could reach. Opposite the 41st French Division and our 2nd Battalion, in the right half of the Brigade Sector, the river now ran over a submerged marshland varying from one to two kilometers in width. Within the left half of the Brigade Sector and about one kilometer ahead of the 3rd Battalion, lay the City of AUDENARDE. Soon the patrols of the 3rd Battalion entered this ancient city — whose history, as a fording place of the SCHELDT River dates from the days of Julius Caesar. The city itself had several ancient sieges to its credit and its neighboring hillsides had been the scene of many mediaeval combats. In addition to the minor campaigns, history (at least as published by the 91st Division Intelligence Service) records that in 1383 the King of France had rescued the starving city from the besieging forces of England by defeating the armies of the enemy at WESTROOSBEKE, a few kilometers west of DE RUITER. Later during the war for the throne of Spain, the allied English and Austrian forces had defeated the French in 1708 on the plains between EYNE and OYCKE, a little northwest of AUDENARDE, where on November 1st, 1918, the 182nd Brigade was now moving forward. The city had passed from hand to hand until 1831, when Belgium in its revolt from the Netherlands, carried AUDENARDE with it. Since October 13, 1914, the city had been in the hands of the Germans who made it the administrative seat of one of the military districts into which this portion of Belgium had been organized. At the outbreak of the war AUDENARDE was a quiet city of 7000 inhabitants, busy principally with its cotton mills, brush manufacturies, breweries and cloth or lace making establishments. In its midst stood the tower of the Church of Saint Walburga. A part of this church had been built in 1050, the tower in 1524. Among other ancient treasures there stood in the central square, the Town Hall, an imposing five storied structure of stone, erected in the late Gothic style of 1525 and known as one of the gems of Belgium's architecture. It was crowded with pointed windows and sculptured embellishments and was surmounted by a richly 148 sculptured delicate spire. However, before the present phase of history was to be closed the great tower of Saint Walburga was to be badly bat- tered by enemy shell fire, the cathedral itself all but demolished and at least one great shell hole smashed through the eastern front of the cherished Town Hall. The Second Battalion moving forward in connection with the French pushed rapidly to the river bank, and the Third Battalion advanced to the slopes of BEVERE. The troops were again under concentrated fire, for the Germans opened up on the advancing lines both with long range machine gun fire and direct artillery fire. The men were so widely de- ployed that, except for Company "C" which received an exceptional hail of machine gun fire and a concentration of shells, the losses were com- paratively slight. The entire regiment was still thinking of warfare in the terms it had learned in the ARGONNE, and in comparison with the struggle on that front the troops here felt that they had scarcely reached the front line or really begun to fight. At least one patrol from the Second Battalion also entered AUDENARDE that day and evidence of its activity may be found in the following citation accompanying the award of a Distinguished Service Cross to Sergeant Richard M. Kirk of Company "H" (and in the similar citations published in Appendix III to this volume, accompanying the award of a D. S. C. to Corporal John W. Cramer, also of Company "H," and accompanying the additional award to each of these men of a French Croix-de-Guerre with a corps citation entitling each to wear a gilt star with the decoration) : "Richard M. Kirk, Sergeant, Company 'H,' 361st Infantry. For extra- ordinary heroism in action at Audenarde, Belgium, November 1, 1918. He was a member of a patrol sent out to reconnoiter the town of Audenarde. This patrol discovered several enemy machine gun sniper posts, located in buildings, which were enfilading the streets of the town. Taking another soldier with him and dodging from building to building, he entered one of these houses and captured two machine gunners." (W. D. G. O. 21, Sec. I, Feb. 1, 1919.) Throughout the morning the telephones had been worked faithfully forward with the result that the lines at one time extended fully twelve kilometers to the rear, and messages had to be repeated through several relays, to Lieutenant Valentine at the original Regimental Headquarters at KLEIN-HARLEBEKE and thence to the original Brigade Headquarters at EVANGELIEBOOM. In the meantime Colonel Davis and General McDonald had themselves come forward seeking the leading battalions and waiting for a long enough pause in the advance to establish advanced headquarters. It was early afternoon and the last bit of telephone wire had extended the line to a telephone instrument placed in an open turnip field, 500 meters east of WORTEGEM. Leaving the Operations Officer at the telephone while the Adjutant sought a place for the Regimental Headquarters, Colonel Davis took Colonel Cummings, Captain Champion and Lieutenant Hubbell further forward in his black, closed Dodge car to examine the disposition of the front line. It was a clear and sunny afternoon and the car moved swiftly ahead to MOOREGEM (V-6081). There it stopped in front of a small cottage near to the headquarters group of the 1st Battalion. The car's movement had been such that it very likely had been seen by some careful 149 watcher in a hostile artillery observation post across the valley. The officers stepped out, the car was moved to the rear of the building and Colonel Cummings with Captain Champion had just stepped around the house when Captain Hughes, commanding the First Battalion (and ac- companied by a runner from Battalion Headquarters) stepped up to speak to Colonel Davis. Immediately three shells crashed across from the opposite valley. All hit near the house and one fatal shell hit the hard surfaced road close to the little group of three. Instantly the three were killed. Accustomed as was the regiment to the sudden loss of its field officers, yet as this news spread over the battle field, there was a sudden hush among those who heard it. This time not only Captain Hughes, a tried Battalion Commander, but Colonel Davis, the leader, the molder, and practically the father of the regiment was gone. Although known per- sonally by but few of the enlisted men, the Colonel was well known by sight to each of them. He was implicitly trusted by them, he had taught them and had taught their officers by precept and by personal example the standards of America's unbeaten army. His personal knowledge of each officer, his personal acquaintance with all the details of the regiment, his constant care for the welfare of his men, his well-known standard of disci- pline, his demonstrated ability in battle as well as in routine administra- tion, had won him the unquestioned confidence of all the officers. But most of all, to the comparatively few who had lived in close personal relationship with the Colonel, came the clear realization that the regiment had lost a great hearted friend as well as a military leader. Already in his fiftieth year, with over 30 years of military experience, Colonel Davis was a veteran of several previous engagements and his military leadership had been invaluable, but in addition there lived in his heart a thorough interest in the life of every soldier. Wearied, but never exhausted, already slightly wounded, already slightly affected by the gas in the ARGONNE, he many times had sunk into snatches of deep slumber on whatever rough cot or ground served as his bed, and yet in the midst of the night he would quietly make to those about him fresh suggestions providing for the better care, equipment or comfort of his men, or he would step to a rough table to write in his ever ready loose leafed folio, a personal letter, either to his family or to the bereaved family of some member of his regiment. His rare and valued letters of commendation, his hearty response to any letter from an officer who had been transferred from his regiment but had re- membered to send back news, his freely given and unreserved letters of recommendation for any worthy officer who was about to leave the regiment, his staunch and jealous championship of the rights and privileges of his regiment (cost what this might to him personally), are cherished by all to whom these features of his character were disclosed. Modest, thoroughly dependable, he was an officer most worthy of the uniform he wore, and for whom no more fitting memorial of his spirit can be expressed than that which he had himself spoken five days before in honor of the fallen heroes of the ARGONNE. In General McDonald's official report of this engagement he has stated: "A most serious loss sustained by the brigade in the 4 days action was the loss of Colonel W. D. Davis, commanding the 361st Inf., who was killed 150 by a high explosive shell near MOOREGEM on the afternoon of Nov. 1st, while reconnoitering and disposing his front line. As a fearless leader and efficient organizer and as an officer and gentleman, he fulfilled the best traditions of our service. As was his example in life, so will be his memory now — a guide and inspiring influence to the officers and men of his regi- ment and of the brigade." On the following day General McDonald caused his General Order No. 11 to be published throughout the brigade announcing the death in action of Colonel Davis. "181st Brigade 2 Nov. 1918. GENERAL ORDERS No. 11. The Brigade Commander announces the death of Colonel William D. Davis, commanding the 361st Infantry, by shell fire on November 1st, 1918, while adjusting the front line of battle. No greater loss could have befallen the brigade and the service loses in Colonel Davis one of its best and most valuable officers. His example as a leader and an organizer was invaluable to his regiment and to the whole brigade. The Brigade Commander feels a great personal loss in the death of Colonel Davis and extends to his bereaved family and friends his deepest sympathy and that of the whole brigade. J. B. McDonald, Brigadier General, U. S. A. Commanding." With Colonel Davis had fallen two others, an officer and an enlisted man. Again the officer was a Battalion Commander, Captain Howard D. Hughes. He was a well known and able attorney of Seattle, Washington, who had, with prompt patriotism dropped his professional practice within a few days after the declaration of war to offer his services by attending the First Training Camp at the PRESIDIO of SAN FRANCISCO. Already middle aged and mature, he won at that camp a Captain's commission, although he had never before taken part in serious military training and furthermore, he was among the few Reserve Corps Officers selected to remain at the camp as instructors in the Second Officers' Training School. Subsequently he re- ceived a similar detail as instructor at the Third Officers' Training Camp, this time at CAMP LEWIS. Throughout this period he had been assigned to the 361st Infantry but had not joined it. Upon permanently joining it he was given command of Company "A," which command he held until he succeeded to the command of the 1st Battalion, when Major Farwell had been wounded. He commanded this battalion in the front line during the remainder of the first phase of the MEUSE-ARGONNE offensive and again in the front line during the first three days of the second phase of that offensive when his battalion won distinction by its successful maneuver that brought it safely to the base of Hill 269, and finally by its successful attack upon the hill in co-operation with the 1st Engineers. For these 151 services as Battalion Commander he was later cited in Division Orders. He was a devoted, thoroughly disinterested and intelligent officer whose sudden loss was keenly felt. So it was that Company "A", originally selected as a Seattle Company, lost in action both of its original commanders, Captain (later Major) Farwell, of Seattle, and his successor, Captain (later Battalion Commander) Hughes, also of Seattle. Colonel Davis had built the regiment so well, that when his successor, Colonel Avery D. Cummings, with no final word of instruction from him, was thus suddenly called upon to command the regiment, which had been deprived of its leader and for the sixth time had been deprived of a battalion commander, no unit suffered a moment of disorganization or confusion. On the following day the simple military burial services in the nearby church yard of V/ORTEGEM were attended by the Brigade Commander, representatives of the several units of the brigade, and those few officers of this regiment who could be spared from the staff and line. "Taps" was sounded as enemy shells burst nearby and as a battery of American artillery a few feet away was moving up the road to take its position nearer the front. Immediately upon the death of Colonel Davis, Colonel Cummings as- sumed command of the regiment, and placed Lieutenant Appelman in temporary command of the 1st Battalion. The establishment of liaison on the front line was completed and after getting fully in touch with the dis- positions of the units, Colonel Cummings reported to Brigade Headquar- ters with full information as to the tactical situation and with the con- firmation of the death of Colonel Davis. He was immediately officially assigned to the command of the regiment, and his Regimental Headquarters were established in the farm buildings at CAUBORRE (V-4586). The regimental staff remained unchanged. Brigade Headquarters were established at WORTEGEM, Division Head- quarters at STUIVENBERGHE (Chateau). By about 2:00 P. M. an "L" Company patrol of five or six men led by Sergeant J. Schwartz, had crossed the western canal of the river and patrolled to the center of AUDENARDE. On the same afternoon other patrols from the 2nd and 3rd Battalions worked their way into the city and reported it safe and unoccupied except for carefully placed hostile outposts, machine guns and artillery covering the eastern half of the city and its eastern exits. The river passed through and around the city, following a so- called main natural channel on the extreme east. A main canal, with demolished locks, passed through the center of the city (thus creating an "island" in the eastern third of the city), and two lesser canals cut through the city still nearer to the west. All bridges had been destroyed or rendered unuseable before the Germans left the city. The city itself was as yet not badly damaged by artillery fire, and most of the enemy fire was being directed against the suburb of BEVERE rather than AUDENARDE. The people of the city were ecstatic in their welcome, the houses were thrown open, the soldiers urged to come inside and to be treated to wine, food, milk or whatever delicacy the establishment could boast. A detail to patrol into AUDENARDE was then regarded as a privilege rather than 152 a hardship. Nevertheless the ever-present sniper was abroad, and all patrolling required caution. That night the regular patrols were ordered back from the city to the established line of observation along the slopes west of the city, while only certain designated patrols from each Intelligence Section and a detachment from Company "F" of the 316th Engineers were sent to AUDENARDE to discover and report upon available bridge material. The city was full of bridge material and the next morning the Engineers began the construction of temporary bridges over the nearest (westernmost) canal. 2 and 3 November (Saturday and Sunday) — Occupation of AUDEN- ARDE. Patrols were again sent into the city on the 2nd of November and early in the afternoon of that day two platoons of Company "I" were sent in to outpost the town as a covering party for the Engineers. The remainder of the company was sent in at about dusk and that night nine posts were established, thoroughly protecting the eastern entrances, and preventing the passage even of civilians who might try to pass between the hostile lines. Before dawn the posts were reinforced by machine guns from Com- pany "B" 347th Machine Gun Battalion. On this day of comparative quiet, there came to the troops through the Intelligence Service of the Division, the following notice, which was accepted as praise at the hands of the enemy, and which indicated that from the very first of the attack the German high command was fully aware of the identity of the Americans: "HEADQUARTERS 9 1ST DIVISION No. 50 Summary of Intelligence November 2, 1918 Translation of a German document taken from a wounded officer by the 107th Field Artillery : "H. Q. 30th October, 1918. 1. Early tomorrow we must be ready to meet hostile attack. It is there- fore ordered that from six o'clock on, companies will be alerted for action. 2. Munitions may be got at the K. T. K. (distributing point) at any time. Empty, light machine gun feed boxes must be exchanged for poor (prob- ably misprint for "full") ones. 3. Opposite our sector lies the 91st American Division. For each prisoner brought in the division will give 18 days extra leave. (Signed) Von Below. Thomas A. Driscoll Major, Infantry, A. C. of S.- G— 2 per K." 154 Colonel Avery D. Cummings Commanding Officer of 361st Infantry Regiment from November 1, 1918, until its demobilization April 30, 1919. In addition to the code names for units, the mystery of war was now further deepened by the following code words for places. These were pre- scribed for telephone communications — possibly to make the war seem more homelike: AUDENARDE became LAKEWOOD WORTEGEM became OAKLAWN MOOREGEM became CLOVER OYCKE became HIGHLAND EYNE became CLIFF ISEGHEM became ROSEDALE HEURNE became VOLUNTEER ESCAUT River became DEFIANCE No official relief was ever provided from the names of VOLKAARTS- BEKE, HEMELRIJK, KASTEELWIJK, KLEIN-KORTIJL or other of the smaller settlements near the front line. No attack was scheduled for November 2nd and the higher command ordered the regiment back from the river to a line of observation extending northeast along the windmill ridge. Captain Heath was placed in com- mand of the 1st Battalion and ordered to place it under the best available cover about 700 meters in rear of the line of observation and to the east or northeast of the CAUBORRE farm buildings. The rolling kitchens were assembled near CAUBORRE, and with fixed regularity the troops received their two hot meals daily. Even during the rapid advance on November 1st, the Battalion Mess Officers (then called "Ration Officers") and their ration details had rendered conspicuously valu- able service, not only by having succeeded in some cases in carrying the meals close behind the lines for the entire 10 or 12 kilometers of the pursuit and delivering them at the halt, but by directing the regimental supply trains to the proper assembly points. The supporting artillery was particularly successful in keeping down the enemy artillery and machine gun fire from the heights east and south- east of AUDENARDE and the Allies' control of the air continued complete during daylight. During the night of November 2/3, orders were received covering the proposed crossing of the SCHELDT by the 182nd Brigade early the next morning about three kilometers below AUDENARDE, in the vicinity of EYNE. That brigade was then to move south to attack the heights of FORT KEZEL from the north. The 181st Brigade was to hold its present line until the completion of the above maneuver, and was then to make a strong demonstration by using all available means of fire against FORT KEZEL. With a view to the performance of this plan, the Operations Officer was sent to open an advance Regimental Headquarters, in AUDENARDE. Most of the Third Battalion of the 361st Infantry, with Company "B" of the 347th M. G. Battalion, and an attached platoon of Engineers under Lieutenant Van Leer, were moved into the city. Observation posts and patrols were kept constantly on the lookout for the appearance of the troops from the north. For a few hours, pending procurement of suffi- cient wire to reach this additional 5 kilometers to the advance Regi- mental P. C, the regiment had the novel experience of sending messages from its front line to its P. C. (at CAUBORRE) over a wire of the Advance Information Center of the Division which at dawn had established a station 155 at the AUDENARDE Town Hall. As no troops appeared from the north, a volunteer patrol under Sergeant (then Corporal) Wright of Company "I" was sent down the river with instructions to cross it at the first opportunity and gain actual contact with whatever American troops could be found. The patrol finally went the entire three kilometers to EYNE, there met the 37th Division, and after the patrol leader had crossed on a log what he took to be the river (but may have been a canal), and had seen that no troops had made the crossing even at that point, he returned to AUDEN- ARDE with the above report. The contemplated maneuver to the north was never carried out owing to delay in obtaining permission from the division in whose sector the movement would take place and to the conse- quent impracticability of making the desired river crossing by constructing bridges in broad daylight. In the meantime, General McDonald, Colonel Cummings and the Field Artillery Commander had arranged everything for such a concentration of fire on the centers of resistance around FORT KEZEL, that it was a keen disappointment not to have the opportunity to give the enemy the medicine. Throughout the day there had been constant sniping and counter-sniping along the eastern edge of the city, during which the Germans had been forced off the island and east of the river. Several German snipers were killed or captured. Also several persons, including two women, suspected of having means of communicating with or of aiding the enemy were arrested and turned over to the local Belgian authorities. Next came a surprise, for the orders arrived stating that the 41st French Division would hold the Corps Front, and accordingly would take over the positions in AUDENARDE. At least a battalion of infantry of the 37th U. S. Division had effected a crossing near HEURNE, about 5 kilometers north of AUDENARDE, yet both that division and the 91st were withdrawn at the same time pending a later general attack. It has been stated that the withdrawal was made because other corps further north were not yet ready to pass the line of the SCHELDT. In any event the policy saved many American lives. Still judging by the policy used in the American drive in the ARGONNE, the troops were unable at first to realize that they were to have a rest at the end of but four days in the line (only three of which had been spent by them in the front line) and during which most of the units had suffered comparatively few casualties and had both rested and fed well. Throughout this engagement the instructions from the higher com- mand after November 1st had been to hold the troops back and to avoid all unnecessary risk of casualties. Also a rumor (how well founded may be judged by later events) reached the regiment to the effect that the German troops had been ordered to hold the east bank of the SCHELDT until November 10th and then to withdraw to the east. The troops toward the right flank of the regiment had observed with great interest the French method of advance on November 1st. While our troops, being unopposed by machine gun positions and subject only to artillery fire or long range machine gun fire, were advancing rapidly with lines and men widely deployed and largely regardless of cover while mov- ing, the French were advancing by independent squads. Their units, evi- 156 dently extending more deeply to the rear than the corresponding American units, filtered forward in squad columns, scurrying from cover to cover and stopping at the several farm houses for cover, rest and refreshment. They reached their objective in this instance as soon as did the Americans and they somehow seemed able to keep up very good liaison between these apparently independent squads. Doubtless these were Frenchmen who had lived through many battles and the war was no diversion to them, they fought as a matter of daily living and with a plain intent to fight if possible without losses. Accordingly no Frenchman took an unnecessary risk and none underwent avoidable hardships. What the comparative rate and success of advance would have been had the two units actually met with resistance holding on until forced out, remains only to conjecture. Very likely both armies would have reached the same result, the Americans perhaps more rapidly and possibly with greater losses, the French perhaps more slowly, but (unless the enemy gained sufficient time to make a counter- attack or to organize fixed defensive positions that would have prolonged the engagement), very likely with less losses. The first phase of the "Turnip Drive" was over. Among its officers the regiment had lost in action its Regimental Commander, and the commander of the First Battalion. Lieutenant Hayes of Company "C" had been mortally wounded, and the following Lieutenants had received wounds of varying degrees of severity: Meade of Company "C," Burnett of Company "F," Wilkins and Mitchell of Company "H," Vincent (of Company "H"), 2nd Battalion Liaison Officer, Franklin of Company "L," Trouchet of Com- pany "M," and Quinby of the Supply Company. Captain Minick of Com- pany "G" and Lieutenant Towson of Company "H" each were reported slightly wounded but both were able to remain on duty. Lieutenant Trouchet had been wounded on October 31st, but had then been placed in charge of the 3rd Battalion Rations, where he acquitted himself with credit before being compelled to go to the hospital. Lieutenant Lane, 2nd Battalion Intelligence Officer, on November 4th, was compelled to go to a hospital on account of a bad wrench to one knee. Lieutenant Echolds succeeded him as Intelligence Officer. Lieutenant Brightbill had been left behind in STRAATE where he had been taken ill on October 28th, but he rejoined the regiment on November 6th. Through- out this engagement Adjutant Hauger of the French Commission had rendered valuable services as a Liaison Agent with the French troops on the right. Chaplain Beard, in charge of the burial parties remained behind under heavy shell fire after relief of the regiment until all burials were complete. In recognition of his exceptional services on this occasion he was later awarded the French Croix-de-Guerre with a Divisional Citation. The regiment had been in action a little more than four days (one day in reserve, and three days in the front line — one of these days attacking, or rather pursuing the enemy, and the other two in outposting the line). The regiment had captured AUDENARDE, and in its advance of November 1st is also credited with the capture of WORTEGEM, MOOREGEM and BEVERE, as well as more than 15 of the small, but heavily named, groups of farm buildings. It had advanced 11 Vi kilometers in the attacking line, and had turned over to the relieving troops not only AUDENARDE but a strip of recovered territory nearly three kilometers wide. The regiment, 157 as a front line unit, since September 26th, had, itself, permanently driven back the enemy's lines for a total depth of 25 kilometers (over 15J/2 miles), across an area varying from 1 to 3 kilometers in width. Its total losses are stated below. The totals in the last column on the right show the grand total for the French as well as the Belgian campaign. The entire table of losses is recapitulated in Appendix IV. FIRST PHASE "LYS-SCHELDT" OFFENSIVE October 31 st-November 4th (inclusive), 1918. Totals Companies and Officers Enlisted Men All Detachments Killed Wounded Killed Wounded Totals Actions Field and Staff 1 1 5 "A" 1 1 2 4 90 "B" 1 3 4 103 "C" 1 1 9 26 37 131 "D" 2 4 6 109 "E" 1 8 9 87 "P" 1 4 8 13 83 "G" 1 9 10 91 "H" 4 1 9 14 93 "I" 5 14 19 128 "K" 5 7 12 117 "L" 1 3 12 16 132 "M" 1 2 15 18 124 Hq. 1 1 2 71 M. G. 2 10 12 53 Sup. 1 1 1 3 11 Med. Det. 1 1 10 Totals 10 38 130 181 1438 Shortly after the arrival of the troops in the rest area, there was pub- lished to them the following commendation from the Commander of the Seventh French Army Corps: " (300— FOR OFFICIAL CIRCULATION ONLY) HQ. 9 1ST DIV. A. E. F. Nov. 7, 1918. GENERAL ORDERS: No. 38. 1. The following expression of appreciation by the Commanding Gen- eral, Seventh Army Corps (French) of the services of troops of this com- mand during the advance to the Scheldt River, is published for the informa- tion of all concerned: '7th French Corps. Staff. SPECIAL ORDER Transported from the Argonne to Flanders, the 91st American Division has again been thrown into the battle, a few hours after its arrival. 158 Under the energetic influence of its Commander, Major General John- ston, the 91st American Division reached all its objectives on the 31st October, and 1st November, with remarkable dash and energy. In spite of the determined resistance of the enemy, in spite of artillery and machine gun fire which opposed them, the troops of the 91st American Division captured Spitaals Bosschen by a clever flanking movement, reached the Scheldt, and penetrated into the town of Audenarde., from now onwards delivered from the yoke of the invader. The General Officer commanding the 7th French Corps heartily con- gratulates General Johnston, and the officers and men of his division, on the excellent results obtained. When, in a few days time, the battle for the passage of the Scheldt takes place, the 91st American Division will be called upon to furnish a further effort. The brilliant way in which this division has just fought is a sure guar- antee that it will gather fresh laurels during the next operations. Hdqs. 4th November, 1918. Commanding General, 7th Corps. (Signed) Massenet.' 2. The Division Commander adds his appreciation of the efforts of officers and men of his command to comply with orders received. He warns them, however, that such efforts must continue until the last armed enemy of the United States has surrendered. 3. He especially thanks officers and men of the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade for the assistance rendered during this offensive. Infantry units have never been supported more skillfully, nor with more willing and intelligent co-operation, than were those of the 91st Division by the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade and organizations of the French Artillery attached thereto. 4. This order will be read to all organizations on the earliest appro- priate occasion. By Command of Major General Johnston: WHJ- 9:50—10:10 OFFICIAL: Henry C. Jewett, D. J. Coman Colonel, Engineers, Major, A. G. Chief of Staff." Acting Adjutant. 159 CHAPTER X SECOND PHASE OF LYS-SCHELDT OFFENSIVE November 4-11, 1918 4-7 November— AUDENARDE to EVANGELIEBOOM, via MOORE- GEM, WORTEGEM and WAEREGHEM, West, marching, 19 kilometers, and in vicinity of EVANGELIEBOOM, resting. During the night and in the early morning of November 4th, the regiment moved back to the vicinity of EVANGELIEBOOM, where a hot meal was served upon arrival of the troops. The battalions were billeted in nearby farms and Regimental Headquarters were opened in a little empty store partly shattered by shell fire. Although the walls were still standing, the roofs of most of the buildings in EVANGELIEBOOM had been shattered by direct hits or by the shock of nearby explosions. The refugee families were already refilling the homes, but the billeting problem was solved by the use of the spacious rambling barns of the farms. Brigade Headquarters moved to OYGHEM, Division Headquarters to OOSTROOSEBEKE. The band rejoined the regiment and treated it to concerts. Also, much to the delight of the natives, the band included a newly learned rendering of the Belgian National Air. Captain Scudder was regularly appointed Regimental Adjutant and Captain Savage, as Regimental Unit Supply Officer, was now permanently attached for duty with the Regimental Staff, the Supply Company being directly commanded by Lieutenant Brace. The complete bathing of the regiment was accomplished by the use of the many empty large caliber shell cases which served as basins or pails. Needed personal equipment was brought up, and had it not been for rainy weather, each battalion would have put on a parade by way of a diversion. 8 November— EVANGELIEBOOM to FRANCQUAART, via WAERE- GHEM, DE BIEST, LINDENHOEK and JOENSHOEK, East, marching, 15 kilometers. Warning of an impending move reached the regiment on the 7th. Ac- cordingly a detailed regimental warning order was issued, accompanied by a detailed order covering permanent instructions for troop movements, and on this basis the regiment was put in readiness to move. Division Field Order No. 26, issued at about midnight of November 7th, announced that the division would be placed at the disposal of the Com- manding General, 30th Army Corps (French), on the following day and prescribed the preliminary movements for relieving French units on the 8th and 9th. By this order the head of the 361st Infantry column was to reach DE BIEST at 5 P. M., November 9th. In reliance on this, prepara- tion was now made for another day at EVANGELIEBOOM. Suddenly a message issued from Brigade Headquarters at 1 1 :30 A. M., November 8th, 160 announced that the brigade had been required to clear its present area by 6 :00 P. M. on that day. Orders were at once sent to the troops and by virtue of the previous preparation the regiment was in column and moving to the front at 1 :30 P. M. The final tactical disposition had also been covered in the first warning order and the movement was completed on that basis. The order of march within the regiment was 3rd Battalion (with one 37mm gun), commanded by Captain Dickinson, 2nd Battalion (with one 37mm gun), commanded by Major Goodpaster, and 1st Battalion with the Machine Gun and Headquarters Companies, commanded by Captain Heath. The 347th Machine Gun Battalion followed this regiment. The 362nd Infantry moved independently. With the same order of battalions the regiment moved into its pre- liminary position as a part of the division in reserve. The Third Battalion was in the front line of the division and was located in the vicinity of the KNOCK-FRANCQUAART Ridge. The other battalions were each about 500 meters in rear of the preceding one. Regimental Headquarters was opened at a farm near FRANCQUAART. About five hundred meters still further east was the Regimental Headquarters of the 128th (French) Infantry, the troops of which then occupied AUDENARDE. 9 November— Vicinity of KNOCK, FRANCQUAART, KLEIHOEK, and WAALEM, in reserve. During the day of the 9th a generous supply of tobacco and of other Y. M. C. A. and K. of C. stores was issued to the men and the battalions made slight changes to improve the positions which they had taken in the mud and darkness of the previous night. During the preceding night the Field Train had had a memorable struggle with the roads and the directions, but on the 9th it had ample opportunity to resettle itself in KNOCK. Lieutenant Kellas was again on duty with the Supply Company, having rejoined on November 4, after but one month's absence on account of his wound received in the BOIS DE CIERGES. A careful plan for effecting a crossing of the SCHELDT River had been made and Division Field Order No. 28 was fully prepared. It provided for what might have proved to be another most serious front line engagement for this regiment had the enemy chosen to have forced the issue. The plan was for the 30th Corps to attack between HEURNE and AUDENARDE. The 91st Division was to have the right of this sector, from EYNE to AUDENARDE (both inclusive), and was to attack with the 41st (French) Division on its right and the 132nd (French) Division on its left. Both brigades were to be in line. The 181st Brigade was to have the right of the Division Sector. The Brigade Sector was again to cover the entire city of AUDENARDE, beginning at a railroad fork one kilometer north of the city. In AUDENARDE lay the feasible bridging and crossing points and by Division Order the brigade was placed in column of regiments with the 361st Infantry specified as the front line regiment, and directed to attack with two battalions in line. The 362nd Infantry (less one battalion in corps reserve) was to follow the 361st Infantry across the river. Each front line battalion was to send an advance guard across the river 3'/2 hours before zero hour with the mission of taking and holding a specified 161 line on the east side of the river and from there two hours later, cover the front line battalions, while they crossed the river and reformed prepara- tory to the attack. This new line was to be the "jump-off" line at zero hour. The artillery was to prepare for and support the attack on FORT KEZEL by concentration of fire, commencing 3|/2 hours before zero. At that time also a rolling barrage would precede the advance guard during its move to its covering position. Two minutes before zero hour, another rolling barrage was to start and move forward to the first objective (beyond FORT KEZEL), ahead of the attacking 361st Infantry. This regiment's attack was to encircle FORT KEZEL from the north, while at 30 minutes after zero hour the 362nd Infantry (less one battalion) was to launch a secondary attack, carrying the heights of FORT KEZEL by frontal attack. This with other incidental and accompanying features, was to be the realization of the attack on those heights which had occupied the thoughts of the front line commanders so seriously when encountering them on the first trip to AUDENARDE. The enemy was still in his strong position, and there loomed ahead for the 181st Brigade a task fit to test the metal of the best troops in the world. News had already arrived as to the pending armistice negotiations and the artillery fire on the front did not seem as heavy as usual. However, during the absence of the division from AUDENARDE, there had occurred a steady hostile fire into the city, including a bombardment by gas shells that brought death to the unprotected civilians, men, women and children, far more readily than to the French soldiers fully equipped with their gas masks. On November 9th the headquarters of the 128th (French) Infantry moved into AUDENARDE, and Colonel Cummings with a few officers visited those headquarters to learn what information they had and what preparation they were making for a relief that night. The Colonel found the headquarters crowded into one of the great bomb-proof cellars long ago made by the civilians or Germans, and as yet the French had no knowl- edge of an impending relief. That afternoon, General Johnston, personally visited the Regimental Headquarters of the 361st Infantry and there pencilled a message providing for the accomplishment of the expected relief. He intimated, however, that a change in the further plans seemed to be impending, and he stated that the plans for the attack (as above outlined) were to be withheld at Division Headquarters until further orders. At 5:40 P. M. the 364th Infantry, on this regiment's left, sent a message that was delivered at 6:35 P. M., stating that the 364th was to remain where it was and probably it would not be on the left of the 361st Infantry that night. At 9:00 P. M., Division Field Order No. 29 was issued, cancelling No. 28, and announcing that information had been received that the enemy was in retreat east of the SCHELDT River, that the 12th (French) Division was now on the left, and the 41st (French) Division on the right of the 91st Division. The 182nd Brigade, supported by a regiment of light (75mm) artillery would take up the pursuit of the enemy at 6:30 A. M., November 10th, 1918. The 181st Brigade was to remain on the west side of the 162 river, but to assist the Engineers in preparation of the bridges necessary for the crossing. Acting on advance messages, the 3rd Battalion had already been sent into the city and was furnishing both the covering parties and necessary fatigue parties to prepare the foot bridges under direction of the Engineers. The Second Battalion moved to BEVERE, ready to render assistance if needed, and the 1st Battalion with the Machine Gun Company, moved up to the former position of the 3rd Battalion. The enemy had gone — and the French were in pursuit. There was no firing on the bridge workers. It was learned later that Lieutenant Kellas had been required to bring up 100 life preservers, presumably for the bridge workers, or possibly for the 361st Infantry advance guard that was to have made the first crossing under fire according to the first plan, but none of these life preservers were used or needed. The regiment suffered no casualties from any cause during this second phase of the Belgian Offensive. At dawn on November 10th, the 182nd Brigade pushed across the com- pleted foot bridges, relieved the pursuing French, and took up the pursuit of the enemy. The entire Belgian offensive, between August 19th and November 11th, is technically known as the YPRES-LYS Offensive, but as this regiment's contact with the enemy did not begin until it had crossed the LYS River, a more accurate official title for the two "Turnip Drives" is the YPRES- LYS-SCHELDT Offensive as previously used in this text, and frequently used in official statements. 10 November (Sunday) — to AUDENARDE, Southeast, marching, 5 kilometers and in AUDENARDE on guard duty. On the 10th, the regiment continued its duty of guarding the several entrances and exits of the city, preventing the passage of civilians either in or out. Regimental Headquarters were opened in AUDENARDE in the same building that had been used by it for its advance P. C. on November 3rd. This was the former headquarters of the German Civil Administration, and evidently before that it had been a handsomely finished private residence. The elegant tapestried drawing room with a stately plate glass mirror and rich furnishings that had served as the temporary Headquarters Office before, was now a rubbish heap of plaster, broken glass, and torn or broken furnishings, for during the absence of the regiment a shell had struck squarely on the front of the building and torn a hole directly into this room. All about the city were heaps of fallen bricks, stone, masonry or glass and great tangles of torn wires lined the streets, showing the effect of the past six days of shelling. Brigade Headquarters which had been established at NOKERE moved to AUDENARDE at 10:00 A. M., and at 3:00 P. M. Division Headquarters also moved there from the Southern Chateau NOKERE. Substantially all the troops of the regiment were moved into the city and billeted in the empty buildings, many being temporarily placed in the con- vent near the Church of St. Walburga. 163 In accordance with an amendment in the tables of organization pro- viding for a Captain on the Regimental Staff as Intelligence Officer, Captain R. C. M. Page, who returned to the regiment on November 9th (and had commanded Company "F" for two days) was assigned as Regimental In- telligence Officer to succeed Lieutenant Hubbell, who was now attached to Headquarters Company for other duty. 1 1 November— In AUDENARDE, in support. The Division Field Order for the 11th stated that the enemy was con- tinuing his retreat east of the river, that contact with the enemy would be maintained and the attack resumed at 10:00 A. M. The 182nd Brigade was to continue the attack, the 181st Brigade was to remain in support, west of the river. At 7:30 A. M. the Corps Commander sent to the 91st Division, a message in French, of which the following is a translation: "TELEPHONE MESSAGE Headquarters PENET (this was the code word for the 30th Army Corps, and also the name of its Commanding General), to 91 D. I. U. S. 7 h. 30—11 November, 1918. Marshall Foch to The Commander-in-Chief. 1. Hostilities are stopped on the entire front, beginning November 11th, at 11 o'clock (French time). 2. The Allied troops are not to pass, until further orders, the line reached at that hour. Report the exact location of the line. 3. All communication with the enemy is forbidden, until receipt of instructions sent to the Army Commanders. (Signed) Foch. Transmitted for execution. Report the line reached. The Infantry units will be reassembled by battalions at the hour above stated. A regular line of outposts will be established along the entire front of the Army Corps. The Generals commanding the Infantry Divisions will issue the strictest orders to the effect that all officers and platoon leaders will make abso- lutely sure the prevention of communication with the enemy." Universal relief and congratulations expressed in cheers that passed from group to group was the manifestation brought forth by the news of victory. The civilians and the French joined in a relieved shout of "Fini la guerre" but in this shell-torn spot there was no wild celebration. The spirit was more one of thankfulness. For the Americans, the war was over and many already turned their thoughts homeward and to the days when they would again be peaceable civilians. All realized, however, that there might yet be much further need for military service before final peace, and the fact that the present Divisional Sector extended straight to BRUS- SELS, caused a realization that the advance might be pushed at least to that city if not into Germany. 164 Once again the division received the commendation of its Corps Com- mander and on November 26th this was published to the division in the following form: "(300— FOR OFFICIAL CIRCULATION ONLY) HQ. 9 1ST DIV. A. E. F., Nov. 26, 1918. GENERAL ORDERS: No. 49: 1. The following letter from the Commanding General, 30th Army Corps (French), is published for the information of officers and men of this division, and of the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade, attached thereto: '30th Army Corps H. Q., Nov. 24, 1918. General Staff From: The General of Division Penet, commanding the 30th Army Corps. 3rd Bureau To: The Commanding General of the 91st Infantry Division, U. S. No. 377/3 The General commanding the 30th Army Corps does not want to part with the 9 1st Inf. Div. without expressing to its Chief, its Officers, its splendid units all his appreciation of the fine military qualities they have shown during the length of their attachment to the Corps. By abandoning the line of the Escaut, the enemy did not allow the putting in execution of the plan of attack which was so cleverly promoted. The intelligent operation preparations by all the General Staffs, the efforts made by the officers and the troops in order to have all necessary materials at their disposal when and where needed, the strict discipline which presided over all preliminary movements and which were a certain presage of suc- cess, are nevertheless deserving of the greatest praise. The Commanding General of the 30th Army Corps takes great pleasure in sending this letter as a proof of his appreciation to the General Com- manding the 91st Division, and thanks him for his intelligent and faithful co-operation. (Signed) H. Penet.' 2. This is the third Corps Commander under whom this division has served, who has considerately expressed appreciation of the services of its officers and men during the past two months. Hostilities have ceased, but the efforts of all officers and men to improve their ability to fight, must never cease. They must be always ready for any call to active service, 3. This order will be read to each organization on the first appropriate occasion after its receipt. By Command of Major General Johnston: WHJ 10:25 —10:40 Henry C. Jewett, OFFICIAL: Colonel, Engineers, D. J. Coman, Chief of Staff." Major, A. G. Acting Adjutant. 165 Later there came to the division two further commendations, these from the Army Headquarters themselves. The first came in the form of a General Order published by General Degoutte, then Commanding General of the VI French Army, and who had served as the Chief of Staff of the Group of Armies of Flanders during the LYS-SCHELDT offensive, and the other came in the form of a letter from General Pershing of the Amer- ican Army, who not only was the Commander-in-Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces, but had in person held the command of the First U. S. Army at the time that the 91st Division was serving as a part of that Army in the MEUSE-ARGONNE offensive. These were as follows: "(270)— FOR OFFICIAL CIRCULATION ONLY) HQ. 9 1ST DIV. A. E. F., December 17, 1918. GENERAL ORDERS: NO. 59. I. 1. During the recent campaign in Belgium, the 91st Division with the 53rd Artillery Brigade attached, fought with the French Army of Belgium in the Group of Armies of Flanders, under the command of the King of Belgium. Major General Degoutte, then Chief of Staff and actual commander of the Group of Armies of Flanders, now commanding the 6th French Army, has honored this Division by citation in General Orders from Headquarters 6th French Army, a translation of which order appears below: 'VI French Army. H. Q., 1 1th December, 1918 GENERAL ORDER NO. 31 In addressing the Divisions of the United States of America who covered themselves with glory in the CHATEAU-THIERRY offensive, I said that orders given by a commander were always complied with, whatever might be the difficulties encountered or the sacrifices made. I have found in the 37th and 91st Divisions the same spirit of duty and discipline freely given which makes valiant soldiers and victorious armies. The enemy intended to hold "to the death" the heighth between the LYS and the SCHELDT. The American troops of these Divisions, acting with the French Divisions of the Group of Armies of Flanders, forced him back on October 31, 1918, and after hard fighting, threw him over the SCHELDT. Then, in a maneuver of unheard of audacity, the American units crossed the flooded SCHELDT under the fire of the enemy and maintained them- selves on the opposite bank, notwithstanding counter attacks. Glory to such troops and to their commanders. They have valiantly contributed to the liberation of a portion of Belgium territory and to the decisive victory. Their great nation may be proud of them. The General Commanding the Army. (Signed) Degoutte.' 166 2. Officers and men of this Division should earnestly strive so to main- tain their training and discipline that in any future operation they may merit equal praise from any future commander. 3. This order will be read to each organization of the Division on the first appropriate occasion after its receipt. WHJ BY COMMAND OF MAJOR GENERAL JOHNSTON: 20:00—20:26 OFFICIAL Henry C. Jewett, D. J. Coman Colonel, Engineers, Major, A. G. Chief of Staff." Acting Adjutant. AHG "(230— FOR OFFICIAL CIRCULATION ONLY) HQ. 9 1ST DIV. A. E. F., February 24, 1919. GENERAL ORDERS: No. 16 I. 1. The following letter from the Commander-in-Chief, American Expeditionary Forces, generously commending this Division for its par- ticipation in the campaigns which led to the Armistice, is published for the information of all officers and men of the Division: 'American Expeditionary Forces, Office of the Commander-in-Chief, France, February 20, 1919. Maj. Gen. Wm. H. Johnston, Commanding 91st Division, A. E. F. My dear General Johnston : It gives me great pleasure to extend to you and the officers and men of the 91st Division my compliments upon their splendid record in France. Arriving on July 12th, the Division was thrown into the active fighting in the Meuse-Argonne offensive without previous training in the line. From September 26th to October 3rd it was actively engaged in this offensive, making an advance of 13 kilometers against strong opposition, capturing the towns of Very, Gesnes, and Epinonville. When the Division was with- drawn on October 3rd, the 181st Brigade remained in the battle line until October 12th, its units operating with the 32nd and 1st Divisions. In the middle of October the Division was attached to the 7th French Army Corps of the 6th French Army in Flanders. Between October 31st and November 2nd, the Division made an advance of 1 1 kilometers, capturing the town of Audenarde. Crossing the Scheldt River on November 10th and 11th, the Division was in pursuit of the enemy when the armistice ended hos- tilities. 167 It was gratifying to see your troops in such good physical shape, but still more so to know that the moral tone of all ranks is so high, which it is hoped will continue even after their return to civil life. Sincerely yours, (Signed) John J. Pershing.' 2. This letter is a fitting climax to the various commendatory letters and orders received from American and French commanders under whom the Division has served, as it comes from the officer who organized and ably commanded the greatest army that has ever fought for the United States. 3. This order will be read to each organization of the Division on the first appropriate occasion after its receipt. WHJ 14:00—14:30 BY COMMAND OF MAJOR GENERAL JOHNSTON: OFFICIAL D. J. Coman Henry C. Jewett, Lieut. Colonel, A. G. Colonel, General Staff, Adjutant. Chief of Staff." GENERAL DISTRIBUTION. AHG/ 168 CHAPTER XI TOURING BELGIUM November 12-December 31, 1918 12-17 November (17 November, Sunday) — in AUDENARDE, guard duty, police duty and training. The matter-of-fact spirit in which the French veteran army received the news of the long awaited and hard earned victory is indicated by the French Official Communique of November 11th, quoted below as published on November 12th in the 91st Division's Summary of Intelligence, and is further evidenced by General Order No. 652 of the French Army in Belgium, which order is also quoted below as translated and incorporated in the 91st Division's Training Bulletin No. 21 : "FRENCH OFFICIAL COMMUNIQUE, Nov. 11 (11:45 P. M.) In the fifty-second month of a war without precedent in history, the French Army with the help of its Allies has achieved the final defeat of the enemy. Our troops, animated by the purest spirit of sacrifice, and giving for four years of uninterrupted fighting, a most sublime example of endurance and heroism, have finished the task which their country laid upon them. Whether resisting with indomitable courage the onslaughts of the enemy, or whether attacking themselves, they have broken and expelled from France the powerful German Army, and forced them to beg for peace. All the conditions demanded by us for a cessation of hostilities, were accepted by the enemy, and the armistice went into effect today at eleven o'clock." "(230— FOR OFFICIAL CIRCULATION ONLY) HQ. 91st DIV. A. E. F., Nov. 12, 1918. TRAINING BULLETIN: No. 21. The provisions of the following orders will be strictly observed by this command: ****** EXTRACT French Army in Belgium. Army H. Q. Nov. 11, 1918. General Staff 1st Bureau No. 5929/1 URGENT. GENERAL ORDER NO. 652 It is possible that the announcement of the armistice will give rise to manifestations of joy, which might impair the good conduct of our troops if special preventative measures were not taken. 169 In order to prevent all difficulties, the officers must not only show, as always, the good example, by observing the most correct attitude, but they will carefully watch out for any disorder which may start up and have it immediately stopped; they will issue orders accordingly to the non-commis- sioned officers. The police posts will be reinforced and, if need be, increased in number. Rounds will be made in the cantonments. In other localities occupied at the same time by French and Allied troops, the men on police duty will be mixed and will include a detachment of each nationality. It is absolutely prohibited in the entire zone of the army to tolerate the firing of arms, as well as the blowing of bugle calls executed in isolated cases. (Outside of the line of duty). Above all, the officers will not forget that under the present circumstances, which are of such intense interest to the men in their affections, or their hopes, it is their duty now more than ever to be near their troops, with their whole heart, as well as in person. General de BOISSOUDY. 17:30-18:15 BY COMMAND OF MAJOR GENERAL JOHNSTON: Henry C. Jewett, Colonel, Engineers, Chief of Staff." Soon after these orders there came the personal messages of Marshal Foch, Secretary of War Baker and General Pershing published to the Expedi- tionary Forces respectively in General Orders 204, 206 and 211 G. H. Q. A. E. F. 1918. They are quoted below: "G. H. Q. AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES, GENERAL ORDERS FRANCE, November 13, 1918. No. 204. The following communication from the Commander in Chief of the Allied Armies is published to the command: G. Q. G. A., le 12 Novembre, 1918. OFFICIERS, SOUS-OFFICIERS, SOLDATS DES ARMeES ALLIeES: Apres avoir resolument arrete l'ennemi vous l'avez, pendant des mois, avec une foi et une energie inlassables, attaque sans repit. Vous avez gagne la plus grande bataille de l'Histoire et sauve la cause la plus sacree: la Liberte du Monde. Soyez fiers! D'une gloire immortelle vous avez pare vos drapeaux. 170 La Posterite vous garde sa reconnaissance. Le Marechal de France, Commandant en Chef les Armees Alliees: F. Foch. BY COMMAND OF GENERAL PERSHING: James W. McAndrew, OFFICIAL: Chief of Staff." Robert C. Davis, Adjutant General. A free translation of Marshal Foch's above message is as follows: Officers, Non-commissioned Officers, Soldiers of the Allied Armies: After having resolutely stopped the enemy, you have, during these several months, with unflagging devotion and energy attacked the enemy without respite. You have won the greatest battle of History and saved the most sacred cause; The Liberty of the World. You may well be proud ! You have decked your colors with an immortal glory. Posterity preserves its recognition for you. Marshal of France, Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Armies: F. Foch. "G. H. Q. AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES, GENERAL ORDERS FRANCE, Nov. 15, 1918. No. 206. The following cabled communication from the Secretary of War is pub- lished to the command: 'The signing of the armistice and the cessation of hostilities brings to an end a great and heroic military adventure in which the Army under your command has played a part distinguished by gallantry and success. It gives me pleasure to express to you the confidence and appreciation of the War Department and to those who have labored with you to make this result possible this appreciation of their zeal, courage and strength, both of purpose and achievement. The entire country is filled with pride in your fine leadership and in the soldierly qualities shown by your Army. Now that a respite has come in the solemn task to which the Army devoted itself, the War Department will do all in its power to expedite the early return of the Expeditionary Forces to the United States in order that the country may welcome its soldiers home, and in order that these soldiers may be restored to the opportunities of civil life as speedily as the military situation will permit. I extend to you as Commanding General of the American Expedi- 171 tionary Forces my hearty congratulations and this expression of high esteem, and I beg you to make known to the officers and men of your command the fact that their conduct as soldiers and as men has stirred the pride of their fellow countrymen, and that their military success has contributed to the great victory for the forces of civilization and humanity. (Signed) Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War.' BY COMMAND OF GENERAL PERSHING: James W. McAndrew, OFFICIAL: Chief of Staff." Robert C. Davis, Adjutant General. "G. H. Q. AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES, GENERAL ORDERS FRANCE, Nov. 20, 1918. No. 211. TO THE OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS OF THE AMERICAN EXPEDI- TIONARY FORCES: The mission intrusted to us by our country has not been ended by the armistice that is now in operation; and the same devotion to duty and sincere effort to attain efficiency which have marked your participation in the actual conflict are still demanded of you. It is the desire of our Government to return us to our homes at the earliest possible moment, and every effort will be made to accomplish that purpose. It will be as difficult, however, to effect our return to America as it was to bring us to Europe; and any lack of enthusiasm in the tasks still to be accomplished will surely serve to postpone the hour of our departure for the United States. I trust that each of you will continue to maintain the high standard of efficiency and conduct that has characterized your service in the past; and I expect every officer and soldier to undertake, with the same fine spirit they have always exhibited, the duties yet to be performed before the mission of these forces is successfully completed. John J. Pershing, OFFICIAL: General, U. S. Army." Robert C. Davis, Adjutant General. On November 12th the entire 361st Infantry was ordered into AUDEN- ARDE and billeted in the immediate vicinity of that city's ruined cathedral and somewhat less ruined convent. Regimental Headquarters remained at 172 22 Hoogstraat, which had been the headquarters of the German civil admin- istration. The 181st Brigade and the 91st Division Headquarters were also fully established in the city and the 316th Engineers made their presence known by the act of one of their members in flying the American flag from the pinnacle of the battered but lofty cathedral tower. In this city, for the first time since going into action, the American national and regimental colors, both of which had been forbidden on the firing line, were unfurled and permitted to add to the foreign scene their welcome symbolism and in- spiration. The Belgians readily and gladly gave to the Americans complete freedom of the city, but with this honor and privilege of occupying a city of the size of AUDENARDE came a corresponding responsibility. While the French and Belgian soldiers or civil authorities looked after the conduct of their respective nationalities, the work of constructing temporary bridges for road traffic and the Augean task of clearing and cleaning the rubbish from the blocked and cluttered streets fell to the Americans. Pending the arrival of the Divisional Military Police, the 361st Infantry here organized its own military police or provost guard. Picked men from the several companies were detailed on this duty and placed in the charge of Lieutenant G. S. Sessions. Throughout the remainder of its overseas service this guard was to be a material factor in the efficiency and discipline of the regiment. Although the immediate occasion for its establishment was as above stated, this unit was also intended as a preliminary step in the development of a permanent organization planned by Colonel Cummings to meet the requirements of the possible occupation of hostile territory. With this larger plan in view particular care was taken in the selection of the members of the unit. Lieutenant Sessions at once began the gathering of information and the instruction of these men so that each might be of material assistance in organizing a similar military police service in his own company if it were later detailed on detached service in hostile territory. The fighting having come to a sudden end, the Operations Officer was placed in charge of the regiment's military instruction and was given super- vision over the general life and accommodations of the troops as well as over the co-ordination of the regiment's various administrative departments. The new provost guard service was also placed under his supervision and Lieutenant Pfund was detailed as Assistant to the Operations Officer with a view particularly to compiling and publishing information as to the relations which properly should exist between a foreign army of occupation and the civilian population of the territory occupied. On paper a complete organ- ization was perfected in each company to facilitate the taking over of any of the duties of an occupying force. Regimental bulletins were published to supply such information as became available on this new phase of military life. In the development of this system of preparedness the regiment was again living up to the motto given it by Colonel Davis: "The 361st leads, others follow." Not only was this regimental military police unit the first of its kind in the division, but the first 361st Infantry Bulletin of Informa- tion on this subject was at once republished in full by Brigadier General McDonald as a suggestion to his brigade as to how a start could well be 173 made to meet this new responsibility which might be thrust upon victorious troops. From the day that Lieutenant Sessions with his characteristic enthusiasm took charge of the new provost guard, he made it an unqualified success, and until the breaking up of the regiment after its return to America, five months later, this unit constantly justified its somewhat unorthodox exist- ence. It not only co-operated with the Divisional Military Police in the first days of the occupation of AUDENARDE and during the long marches or brief rests in the subsequent tour of Belgium, but also during the longer "stop-offs" at CROMBEKE, Belgium and BELLeME, France. It maintained such an intelligent and active control over all disorderliness that it rendered unnecessary the use of large interior guards, and at the same time it well avoided a source of friction which arose in some other organizations through the attempted maintenance of order by military police units which were permanently on duty in given localities and were composed of men drawn from other units than the troops temporarily occupying the area. On the marches this regimental unit cleared the roads of traffic, assisted in the maintenance of road discipline within the regiment and supplied whatever need there was for straggler guards. In billeting areas, and even on ship- board, it performed fhe manifold diplomatic functions of a provost guard. Thus, in this regiment the black brassard bearing the red figures "361" and worn by picked veterans of the firing line became even better known as the identification of the "arm of the law" than the widely heralded "M. P." In December, Lieutenant Sessions was transferred to the Divisional Mil- itary Police in answer to a request for his services. Lieutenant J. T. Wilkins succeeded to his position in the regiment and maintained the excellent record of the regimental M. Ps. This unit, originated and developed under the direction of Colonel Cummings, was an innovation in the permanent organization of a regiment, but its value was such as to indicate its desir- ability as a part of any infantry regiment engaged in continuous campaign- ing. It was this feature, coupled with the natural orderliness and the high military standards of the individuals composing the regiment, that made pos- sible the maintenance of a strict yet easy discipline, and enabled the Colonel, during the remaining long weeks of waiting, to rely upon the proper conduct of his men without imposing heavy punishments or taking frequent formal disciplinary measures. On Wednesday, November 13th, for the first time since it left the MONTIGNY training area to go into action, the regiment assembled on a parade ground and passed in review. It was here reviewed by the Com- manding General of the 30th French Corps and by Major General Johnston on what had but recently served as a German parade ground. Never did the regiment make a more effective showing. The ranks were depleted and the woolen uniforms rough and unpressed, yet the steel helmets and rifles were thoroughly cleaned and oiled. The short platoons, many of them commanded by non-commissioned officers (including one platoon of Company "C," commanded by its recently promoted and highly respected Chinese sergeant — Sergeant Emow) swung by with the full step and irresistible self- confidence of proven and victorious veterans. They were members of a regiment which, at the cost of the lives of its Colonel, five Battalion Com- 174 manders, and a casualty list of substantially fifty per cent of its original strength, had never failed under light or heavy fire to gain ground when ordered to attack. These conquerors of the Prussians were distinctly of a type of soldier that any nation would be proud to claim as its own and they felt the honor and responsibility that was theirs thus to represent in Europe the United States of America. The brief ceremony on the former German parade ground was followed by a few remarks by General Johnston in which he warmly commended the regiment upon its record and the records of its Commanding Officers. In addition to his other duties, Lieutenant Sessions was placed in charge of the AUDENARDE fatigue details. These details often consisted of an entire battalion and were engaged in clearing the streets and public places. The large convent near the cathedral received daily attention, for not only was the place greatly cluttered with debris caused by shell fire aimed at the cathedral tower, but it was generally understood that through the agency of a persuasive, diplomatic and English speaking Sister, the convent's case was repeatedly and effectively presented both to General Johnston and General McDonald. On November 12th the regiment moved its headquarters, and, with the exception of the Supply Company, its entire personnel to the former German "Sturm Kaserne," or barracks, that before the war evidently had been a commodious, up-to-date Belgian prison. In the many tiers of cells the regiment was quartered with comparative comfort and later in welcome cleanliness. Lieutenant Evans here rejoined the regiment from the A. E. F. Staff School just in time to be appointed Regimental Police Officer, and to become the busiest man in the regiment, as he undertook not only to clear out and clean the prison, but also to put back into operation the water, sewer and lighting systems that had suffered severely from shell fire and neglect. In the meantime the Supply Company, in a sharp but bloodless engage- ment with a French Tank Train, successfully defended its billets in a group of farm buildings near BEVERE. The Supply Company's capture and hold- ing for ransom, of several of the French Tanks was the maneuver that brought victory. In these same days of peace and "rest," the regiment rapidly pushed ahead its efforts at supplying missing equipment, replacing unserviceable equipment and salvaging the now useless and cumbersome weapons of trench warfare. Regular schedules were begun for bathing the men and for rid- ding their clothing both of the aboriginal YPRES cooties and of their numerous descendants. Close order drill appeared in the daily routine. Rifle, pistol and chauchat target ranges, as well as a grenade course, were put into operation. The band gave a concert in the public square on November 14th. It likewise afforded frequent musical accompaniment to close order drill and it participated in the first formal guard mount to be held since leaving Camp Lewis. On one occasion a band concert was held at the convent near the cathedral. It soon drew forth from the bomb-proof cellars an eager and curious audience. It brought out the shrunken and wrinkled old men and women who had survived the gas and steel of war in the convent cellars under the care of the Sisters. Best of all was the response of one old 175 woman, a particularly bent and weazened octogenarian, who gleefully burst into capers and "shimmied" an original step to the time of American "jazz." On another occasion the civilian population, assisted by the regimental band, held a service of thanksgiving that was impressive in its emotional appeal and was attended in solemn reverence by representatives of the American and other allied armies in the vicinity. The Belgian refugees were beginning to flock back from the east as they were freed or abandoned by the retiring Germans. The refugee families were often represented by survivors of three or four generations, but they almost never included a man of military age. They were pushing westward through AUDENARDE toward the wasted and ruined farms of western Flanders. The belongings of one or more families were generally packed about ten feet high into an ancestral two-wheeled farm cart. On top of the load, tucked into the quilted bedding or clinging to an ancient chair, rode one or more of the grandparents, or even great grandparents, usually hold- ing a baby or two of the present generation. In the cart were carried the meager movables of the family, while underneath trotted the family dog. Rattling and jolting close behind there sometimes was a lighter and smaller cart carrying other scant remnants of household furnishings. The famous great Belgian horse was conspicuously absent. The loads were pulled by the combined efforts of the refugees, chiefly women and children, all of whom bore clear evidence of lives of hardship and privation. Thus the unfortunate, unoffending, industrious and indomitable people of Belgium were already beginning the reconstruction. On November 17th, Major General de Boissoudy, commanding the French Army of Belgium, and Major General Massenet, commanding the 7th French Corps, visited the 91st Division Headquarters in AUDENARDE. Later on the same afternoon King Albert of Belgium paid a like visit. 18 November— AUDENARDE to HOOREBEKE-STE. MARIE and HOOREBEKE-ST. CORNEILLE, East, by marching, 8J/2 kilometers. After a week of this repose, the division was ordered to march to the east. This was the first of the "triumphal" marches — marches which also brought with them constant divisional, brigade or regimental inspections en route. Unnecessary equipment was left in storage at the "Sturm Kaserne" and early Monday morning, November 18th, the movement started. The march orders included the following innovations which indicated the great change in the military situation since the secret night marches of two weeks before: "Regimental bands will accompany the units. Bands will play appro- priate airs, flags will be unfurled, and troops will be marched at attention while passing through the more important villages and towns. * * * * * * "Brigade, regimental and separate unit commanders, and members of their staffs for whom horses are available, will be mounted and will march with their commands." 176 Yet it was provided that "troops will be billeted or bivouacked in as close proximity as practicable to their respective lines of march, with a view to again taking up the offensive on short notice, if necessary." The animals were given all possible opportunity to recuperate their strength and health. Not only were they allowed all available time for grazing, but no unnecessary loads (of baggage, packs or men) were per- mitted to be drawn by them. Nothing but neatly stacked "wood for the next meal," was allowed on the rolling kitchens, and the only men allowed on the carts were the drivers. Another order required the kitchens to be constantly steaming while en route. The purpose of this was to speed up the preparation of a hot meal following the completion of the march and in any event to lend to the column an appearance of warmth and of culinary activity that furnished to the ever-hungry doughboy a cheerful reminder that the cooks had not been left behind. The division had been placed at the disposal of the Commanding Gen- eral of the 7th (French) Army Corps. The 164th (French) Division, 91st (American) Division, and 41st (French) Division, in the order named from head to rear, had been ordered to proceed eastward toward NINOVE (22 kilometers short of BRUSSELS). The 181st Brigade moved out of AUDEN- ARDE at 9:00 A. M., November 18th in the following order: 361st Infantry, 347th Machine Gun Battalion, 362nd Infantry. The order within the regi- ment was 2nd Battalion (with regimental band at its head), 1st Battalion, 3rd Battalion, a Provisional Battalion (commanded by Captain Heath and consisting of the Headquarters and Machine Gun Companies), then the field trains (including the battalion trains and medical carts) under the escort of the Supply Company. Except for a brief blockade at a narrow bridge shortly before marching time (when Lieutenant Kellas and his trains, while going into position, en- countered not merely a jam of French traffic but also Major General John- ston's personal car) all went smoothly. General Johnston inspected the organization as it neared the summit of the heights of FORT KEZEL. Regimental Headquarters, the 1st and 2nd Battalions and Headquarters Company were located at HOOREBEKE-STE. MARIE and the balance of the regiment was about one kilometer to the southeast (with Brigade Head- quarters) at HOOREBEKE-ST. CORNEILLE. Division Headquarters was five kilometers further east at a chateau two kilometers southeast of MICHELBEKE. While this new area was but slightly damaged by shell fire, it too had been thoroughly stripped of farm animals. 19-20 November— in HOOREBEKE-ST. MARIE and HOOREBEKE- ST. CORNEILLE, training. In the heavy mist of these Belgian valleys, training was resumed, but this mist was so heavy that firing on the rifle-grenade course was abandoned because the grenade bursts could not be observed satisfactorily even at a distance of 200 meters. The schedule included close order drill (accom- panied by band music), formal guard mounts, instruction in the law of 177 military occupation, the care and use of equipment, sighting and aiming drills, loading and firing commands, rolling packs, setting up drills, bayonet exercises, inspections of gas masks, and specialty instruction for the specialty units. In particular there was here resumed the systematic instruction of the automatic rifle sergeants. This work had been taken up at AUDENARDE, when it was found that but few of the men who had received full theoretical and practical instruction in the automatic rifle remained available to carry on the instruction of new gunners. By careful individual instruction of the automatic rifle non-commissioned officers of each battalion, Lieutenants Gilbert, Moeur and Coffey gradually built up a new but thoroughly com- petent set of automatic rifle sergeants and corporals. One result of this effort was that the chauchat rifle, in spite of its disadvantages, was so thor- oughly understood and intelligently inspected in each company, that its care and use never caused in this regiment the troubles that were reported to have arisen in units where insufficient interest had been aroused in the rifle's mechanical features or where insufficient credit had been given to the men who, by mastering this weapon had prepared themselves, not only to use it to its best advantage, but also had prepared themselves to master promptly any new and better automatic weapon that might suddenly be sub- stituted for it. It was felt in this regiment that the great effectiveness of an automatic rifle in the hands of an intelligent, cool gunner, who used sound and practical judgment when firing, made that weapon a peculiarly suitable one for use by American infantry. For this reason it was made a special point to give to as large a number as possible full opportunity to understand and to learn the value of the weapon. 21 November— HOOREBEKE area to ESSCHE-ST. LEVIN, East, by marching 18 kilometers. The order of march within the brigade was: 361st Infantry, 362nd In- fantry, (347 Machine Gun Battalion by separate route) ; within the regi- ment: 1st Battalion (preceded by band), 3rd Battalion plus Machine Gun Company, 2nd Battalion plus Headquarters Company, Field Train under escort of Supply Company. Battalion trains followed their respective bat- talions. Brigade Headquarters moved to SOTTEGEM. No change was made in Division Headquarters. The division passed to the command of the Commanding General of the 34th (French) Army Corps. This march, which took the regiment to the furthest point east that it reached in Belgium, was preceded by the following announcement: "It is anticipated that the regiment will make a short march to the northwest for a brief stay preparatory to returning to the American Expeditionary Forces." While this announcement was subject to various interpretations, it sounded more like "home" than anything received before, and from November 20th to early April the uppermost thought and the favorite subject of speculation was the date when the regiment would sight the Statue of Liberty. On this last march east a ready welcome was again extended to the regiment by the Belgians who were delighted to know that the troops they now saw were actually the mythical "Americans." Belgian flags were hung from many houses. One pair of signs made a particular impression. It consisted of an old sign of the Germans erected in 1914, pointing west, 178 and reading: "1914 — Uns Vaterland Muss Grosser Sein — nach Paris" (Our Fatherland must be greater, this way to Paris), topped by a new sign, pointing east, and reading: "1918— Uns Vaterland Caput— nach Berlin" (Our Fatherland "busted," this way to Berlin). 22 November— In ESSCHE-ST. LIEVIN, waiting. On this date the King of Belgium re-entered his capital, BRUSSELS. Colonel Cummings, of the 361st Infantry, accompanied Brigadier General McDonald as a guest. Organizations from the 91st (American) Division, 37th (American) Division, 5th (French) Infantry Division, and 164th (French) Infantry Division were represented at the ceremony. The 91st Division furnished a battery of artillery. In the meantime the regiment itself passed a quiet day at ESSCHE-ST. LIEVIN, 36 kilometers west of BRUSSELS. Training was resumed and the band gave a concert in the Public Square. No infantry unit of the 91st Division ever entered further into Belgium than did this regiment— but the 316th Engineer Regiment was moved to a new area immediately northeast of ESSCHE-ST. LIEVIN and thus earned the credit of an extra two kilometers to the east. Here the division passed to the command of the Commanding General of the 30th (French) Army Corps. 23 November— ESSCHE-ST. LIEVIN to BAEYGEM and KASTEEL area, Northwest, by marching, 21 kilometers. The division in a few hours passed back to the command of the Com- manding General of the 34th (French) Army Corps, and shortly before mid- night on the evening of November 22nd, warning was received of an im- pending move west. As the regiment was scattered over several kilometers of farm lands a warning message from Regimental Headquarters outlining the probable details for the move went out soon after midnight prescribing a tentative order of assembling of the regiment with the head of the column at Regimental Headquarters at eight in the morning. The field message at Division Headquarters was written that night at midnight and was not trans- mitted from Brigade Headquarters until shortly after five A. M. It then was carried about six kilometers to the regiment. Nevertheless the regi- ment moved out on schedule time. From this time on every effort was made to obtain advance notice of impending movements and by means of warning messages the regiment was able to get its approximately 2500 men fed and started, its billets policed, its trains hitched and in column in every instance on time throughout the many remaining movements. Order of march in the brigade was: 362nd Infantry, 361st Infantry, (347th M. G. Battalion had moved on November 22nd). Order of march in the regiment was: Band, Third Battalion with Machine Gun Company, Second Battalion, First Battalion with Headquarters Company, Supply Company. Brigade Headquarters moved to BEIRLEGEM, Division Headquarters moved to DICKELVENNE. 24 November (Sunday)— BAEYGEM and KASTEEL area to DEYNZE, Northwest, by marching, 19 kilometers. The march was immediately resumed on November 24th and the regi- ment was billeted that night in the city of DEYNZE on the east bank of the LYS River. This city was comparable to AUDENARDE in size and as it 179 had suffered far less by shell fire, it furnished a treat to the troops in the form of its stores. Here for the first time since arriving in Europe the troops found themselves in a place which bore a semblance to an active trade center. The city was already partially occupied by French troops and only by a compressing and impressing process was the billeting party able to gain the necessary space. The Division Order had stated "other units at present located at DEYNZE will not be moved but will be com- pressed as far as practicable within the limits of the town." The regiment's early arrival, assisted by General McDonald's successful encounter with a French artillery unit on the march, was all that gave the Americans prece- dence over a body of French troops that would have practically filled the city. Order of march in the brigade was: 361st Infantry, 362nd Infantry, 347th M. G. Battalion, and within the regiment: Band, 2nd Battalion with Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 3rd Battalion with Machine Gun Company, Supply Company. Brigade and Division Headquarters moved to DENTERGHEM. 25 November — in DEYNZE, checking equipment and adjusting billets. 26 November— DEYNZE to WONTERGEM, VAARINCKXHOEK and MARCKEGHEM, West, by marching, 17 kilometers to WONTERGEM, 11 kilometers to VAARINCKXHOEK, 12 kilometers to MARCKEGHEM. All available advance information from Division Headquarters on the night of November 25th stated that no move would be made the following morning. Accordingly no advance preparations were made. Nevertheless at ten minutes of three on the morning of November 26th orders arrived for a movement west of the LYS. On schedule time, at eight o'clock, the regiment had had its breakfast, packed its equipment, policed its billets and had started across the river with its entire organization, rolling kitchens and supply trains all in their proper places. Owing to the absence of any forewarning, this movement was actually made on the shortest notice of any during the Belgian tour and its execution was made doubly difficult by the fact that the officers and men to be notified were billeted in scattered, strange quarters. Often these billets were in back rooms of securely shuttered buildings, which were hard enough to identify by daylight, to say nothing of a pitch dark Belgian night. The success was due to the hard learned lessons of "liaison at any cost" mas- tered by the troops and particularly by the runners during the fighting in the ARGONNE and in BELGIUM. The order of march was: 361st Infantry and 347th M. G. Battalion. The order within the regiment was: Band, 1st Battalion with Machine Gun Com- pany, 3rd Battalion, 2nd Battalion with Headquarters Company, Supply Company. Owing to the smallness of the towns in the new regimental area, the 1st Battalion and Machine Gun Company marched to billets in MARCKEGHEM (five kilometers southwest of WONTERGEM), the Third Battalion to billets in the large farms near VAARINCKXHOEK (about four kilometers south of WONTERGEM) and only Regimental Headquarters, the 2nd Battalion, and Headquarters and Supply Companies were accommo- dated in WONTERGEM. 27 November-3 December — WONTERGEM area, training and equipping. 180 On the day of its arrival in this area, November 26th, there came to the regiment a list of well deserved promotions. Those of the newly promoted officers who were present were at once assigned as fol- lows: Major F. S. Dickinson to 3rd Battalion, Captain C. R. Gilbert to Company "F," Captain I. G. Towson to Company "H," Captain H. P. Hoff- man to Company "E," First Lieutenant O. Voderberg to Company "G," First Lieutenant M. J. Howells to Company "A," First Lieutenant F. H. Johnston to Company "E" (detailed as Acting Battalion Adjutant of Second Battalion) and First Lieutenant J. O'Brien to Supply Company. Of these, Captain Gilbert was soon re-assigned to Company "M" when Captain C. L. Williams returned to the regiment from the hospital and was allowed to resume command of Company "F." On the same A. E. F. order with the above promotions were the follow- ing promotions for officers then absent from the regiment: Captaincies for Lieutenants G. E. Kelsch and F. Trouchet, and First Lieutenancies for Sec- ond Lieutenants R. R. Vincent, R. A. Woodyard and A. Cody. The order granting these promotions was dated November 14, 1918, and came as a surprise to the entire organization for, although recommendations for these promotions had been submitted long before that date, yet there had been received an announcement that no further promotions would be granted after the date of the armistice, which had begun on November 11th. Many a promotion had been well earned on the battlefield that was not included in the list of November 14th, and in justice to the officers concerned the fol- lowing statement is set forth as the history of the promotions of its officers after the regiment went into action on September 26th. Colonel Davis took a particular and personal interest in providing for the award of deserved decorations and promotions to the members of his command and yet he exercised a most careful judgment in keeping high the standard of the action that would earn the award. During the first days of the MEUSE-ARGONNE offensive, he was asked for the names of officers whom he might wish to promote for their gallantry on the field. It was then quite impracticable to fill out prescribed forms or to provide physical examinations for the candidates for promotion, and in this instance none of these formalities were insisted upon. Colonel Davis at once verbally recommended for promotion to Majors: Captains W. J. Potter, O. Goodpaster, R. E. Naftzger and F. P. Doherty, and to Captains: Lieu- tenants J. C. Fortune and R. C. M. Page. All of these officers except Captain Doherty and Lieutenant Fortune were at that time wounded and in the hospital. The promotions, however, were granted to each of them on October 10th, and all except Major Potter later recovered from their wounds sufficiently to return to active service with the regiment. Major Potter, who had been wounded severely in the lungs, was sent back to the United States for further treatment. He also later received a Distinguished Service Cross in recognition of his services on the field. Intending again to accomplish the same result, Colonel Davis, at the conclusion of the second phase of the MEUSE-ARGONNE offensive, sent in written recommendations for the following promotions "on account of gallantry and efficiency shown in action during the American Army offensive 181 in the vicinity of the Argonne Woods, September 26th-October 12th, 1918." To Captaincies: Lieutenants R. V. F. Brightbill, G. B. Appelman, J. E. Bailey, R. S. Batman, R. E. Everly, C. H. Hudelson and D. G. Abel; to 1st Lieutenancies: 2nd Lieutenants E. A. Valentine, G. V. J. Ramsdell, J. Sweat, H. J. Craig, U. Lane, E. W. Proctor, A. J. Coats and R. H. Linforth. This list was returned for compliance with the rules calling for a state- ment of specific vacancies in the regiment to be filled by the promoted officers and later was returned for physical examinations of the candidates. This necessitated the omission of candidates then in the hospitals and greatly delayed the entire list. Colonel Davis also filed the following recommenda- tions as early as October 23rd "for efficiency and bravery shown in action during the Argonne offensive near GESNES, France, September 26-October 12, 1918," to Captaincies in the Medical Corps: 1st Lieutenants F. B. Cole- man, L. C. Mcintosh, E. C. McKibben and C. H. Smith, and "because of exceptionally meritorious service in action near GESNES, France, Sept. 26- October 12, 1918," to Chaplain, with rank of Captain: Chaplain (1st Lieu- tenant) J. W. Beard. On October 29th Colonel Davis filed a further list of names which was identical with the promotions included in the A. E. F. order of November 14, 1918, except that it included the name of Captain H. D. Hughes as recom- mended for a Majority. This list was similarly returned but before it was re-forwarded on November 6th both Colonel Davis and Captain Hughes had been killed in action. In the meantime the first list had also found its way back to Belgium and it was refiled on November 7th. As refiled, it now omitted several of the officers originally on it because by this time they were, for various reasons, absent from the regiment. On November 8th was added the recommendation of a 1st Lieutenancy for 2nd Lieutenant T. E. Dunn. The list re-forwarded on November 7th proved to be too late, while that of November 6th arrived just within the time limit. The result was unfortunate in that it deprived the regiment of rewards which had been earned on the battlefield and were most highly prized in a regiment where promotions had always been made with impartiality and the greatest of care. The situation was immediately fully presented to the higher authorities both by Colonel Cummings and by Brigadier General McDonald. Finally nearly all of these promotions, together with certain additional recommendations of officers later returned from hospitals, or for whom vacancies had since occurred, were granted before the troops left Europe. Such delayed pro- motions, however, carried rank as of a later date than otherwise would have been the case. These promotions are mentioned later in their chronological place but it may be noted here that even this final revision, through one of the peculiar coincidences of the service, came after those officers who had indicated a preference to remain in the regular service had been transferred to the Army of Occupation in Germany. As a result of this coincidence the promotions to Captaincies of 1st Lieutenants Roscoe V. F. Brightbill, Gustave B. Appleman and Charles H. Hudelson, and of 2nd Lieutenant Alva J. Coats to a 1st Lieutenancy, did not reach them until the spring of 1919, long after their separation from the regiment, and then with rank only from April 8, 1919. On November 27th the first Distinguished Service Crosses to be re- ceived in the division were awarded. Three of these came to the 361st 182 Infantry. They were awarded by Major General Johnston in the presence of the entire regiment assembled for the ceremony at VAARINCKXHOEK. The awards were to: Colonel Avery D. Cummings for his distinguished services in assisting on the firing line in the control of the attack on GESNES, September 29th, at which time he was serving on the staff of Brigadier General McDonald; Sergeant Daniel J. O'Keef, of Company "B," for his exceptional services while a corporal, in covering the withdrawal of his platoon on September 27th ; and Sergeant Howard M. Wight, of Company "I," for his courageous services while a private, in rescuing and caring for wounded men under fire near Miller Hill on September 28th. November 28th was Thanksgiving Day and the holiday was accompanied by the following characteristically brief but expressive memorandum from Colonel Cummings: "The Commanding Officer desires that each member of this command enjoy this holiday to the fullest extent. This, the National Holiday of Thanksgiving, comes at a most opportune moment, and it is improbable that in the history of our country have we had any greater cause to render Thanksgiving than on the present date, not only amongst men who have been relieved from the strain of actual battle, but amongst our relatives and friends who have so loyally supported us throughout the war." Care and cleaning of equipment and billets, military instruction, check- ing of property and additional issues of equipment were promptly resumed. On November 30th a special inspection of men and equipment was made by Battalion Commanders, and on the same day a special inspection of the animals, harness and vehicles (including rolling kitchens) was made by the Brigade Commander. On December 2nd a detailed and complete re-check of all property was made by officers of the regiment specially assigned to check up organizations other than their own. On Thanksgiving Day and on Sunday, December 1st, regular religious services were held. On November 28th the Regimental Band gave a concert in DENTERGHEM. On December 3rd a Drummers' School was established. Chaplain Cassidy joined the regiment on November 30th and was as- signed to the 1st Battalion. His genial personality, his resourcefulness and his devoted service to the regiment during the remainder of its service won him the ready support and gratitude of officers and men alike. 4 December— WONTERGEM area to MEULEBEKE, West, by march- ing, 121/2 kilometers from WONTERGEM, 12 kilometers from VAAR- INCKXHOEK, 91/2 kilometers from MARCKEGHEM. For this march the scattered brigade (and also the regiment) assembled its column en route at the GINSTE crossroads, nearly half-way to MEULE- BEKE. As it passed GINSTE the brigade was inspected for the first time by the new Division Inspector, Lieutenant Colonel Bargar, and the report was highly complimentary to the brigade. The regiment received two special mentions — one that the "packs in the 361st Infantry were especially good," and the other a criticism of the tightness of the throat pieces on several horses. To this latter comment the Supply Company never ceased producing alibis. The order of march within the brigade was: 347th Machine Gun Bat- talion, 361st Infantry, 362nd Infantry; within the regiment it was: Com- 183 manding Officer and Staff, Band, 1st Battalion and Machine Gun Company, 3rd Battalion, 2nd Battalion and Headquarters Company, then Supply Com- pany escorting Regimental Trains. Detachments of the newly organized Drum Corps headed the rear battalions. Division Headquarters remained at DENTERGHEM. Brigade Headquarters moved to a chateau west of MEULEBEKE. 5-6 December, at MEULEBEKE, cleaning up and training. On the very day (and night) of the arrival in MEULEBEKE, sterilization of the gas masks of six companies was completed and nine companies passed through the bathing and delousing plant that had but recently been used by the German troops then controlling the town. Here, also, the Ameri- cans found unmistakable German sympathizers among the inhabitants. The sterilization, bathing and delousing process was completed in the next two days. Training was resumed. Practice Battalion Parades were executed. The Headquarters Company here received the award in an elimination contest held to select the squad standing the best field inspection and making up the best appearing packs in the regiment. On December 5th, Colonel Cummings, the two Color Sergeants, a color guard of four men and two squads of picked men, went to AIX-LA- CHAPELLE to be present at a ceremony of the allied armies. This left Major Goodpaster in command of the regiment. The absence of Major General Johnston and Brigadier General McDonald on the same trip left Brigadier General Caldwell in command of the division and Colonel Wool- nough of the 362nd Infantry in command of the 181st Brigade. Chaplain Beard on an independent tour got at least as far as GAND and was rumored to have reached BRUSSELS or even AIX-LA-CHAPELLE. 7 December— MEULEBEKE to STADEN— via HET VELD, RYSSEL- EINDE, ARDOYE, BEVEREN (about 3 kilometers north of ROULERS), HOOGLEDE and SLEYBAEGE, West, by marching, 25|^ kilometers, i. e. 16 miles. "No-Man's Land" in this area included such a wide border land of ruined country that it took a two days' march to cross it. The division started its move on December 6th and the 181st Brigade moved on the morning of December 7th. This march of 25 , /2 kilometers west carried the regiment past great graveyards (one of them with over 3000 German graves) and through many battered towns, each of which was more ruined than the last. At dusk the regiment halted in STADEN. This hamlet, on the very border of "No Man's Land," was so badly shattered as still to be uninhabited. Close by it was an American hospital unit, serving under canvas and including in its personnel several American women nurses — the first American women that most of the troops had seen in France. Wearied by this 16-mile hike under full equipment, and with the prospect of a repetition on the following day, the Band, nevertheless responded to a call for music and played for a few dances at the hospital. 8 December (Sunday)— STADEN to CROMBEKE via HOUTHULST, JONKERSHOVE, MERCKEM, NOORDSCHOTE, RENINGHE, OOST- VLETEREN and WESTVLETEREN, West, by marching, 29 kilometers, i. e. 18 miles. 184 Throughout the entire movement westward the shoe supply had been short and at WONTERGEM there had come practically no relief except in form of the stiff and shapeless "English boot" that frequently did more damage to the American foot than did the most dilapidated American field shoe. The march to STADEN had broken through many pairs of shoes which had been barely holding together and this next 18-mile hike was the climax. On the march to STADEN the men who could not walk had been brought along as members of the baggage details, riding on the few trucks avail- able to carry squad rolls. On the march to CROMBEKE, the only thing that carried the majority of the men through on foot was sheer determina- tion and the obvious futility of attempting to stop in the "dead area." The welcome assistance of ambulances from the American hospital at STADEN made it possible to bring in all serious cases so that by nightfall every man was accounted for. All day long this march led through the wasted area — shell holes, military debris, blasted concrete works, piles of shells, wrecked wire and camouflage, then miles and miles of rough and torn, gray morass. It was a scene similar to that which the regiment had passed through about two months before when marching east across PASSCHENDAELE ridge, except that at PASSCHENDAELE this waste land had been comparatively high, dry and open, while here the wrecked trees and soggy bogs showed only a dreary, flooded, blasted wilderness. At OOSTVLETEREN civilization appeared again. At WESTVLET- EREN the 2nd Battalion stopped for its billets. Halfway from there to CROMBEKE, in the muddy sea of the former British "CHAUNY CAMP," stopped the 3rd Battalion with the Machine Gun and Supply Companies. Major Goodpaster pushed on to CROMBEKE with Regimental Headquarters, Headquarters Company and the 1st Battalion. Brigade Headquarters were established at WESTVLETEREN. Division Headquarters were at ROUS- BRUGGE. This was the longest day's march that the regiment ever took under full equipment. It came as the last 18 miles of the 88 miles that the regiment had covered in its 20-day tour of Belgium since leaving AUDENARDE on November 18th, and it completed a total of over 150 miles of Belgium that the regiment had walked or fought over since October 18th, not to mention about 115 miles of recent footwork in France. 9-29 December — in and near CROMBEKE, smiling at adversity in Flanders. Three weeks, including Christmas, were spent in CROMBEKE and its vicinity. Beginning with the philosophy of Colonel Cummings, that "it is a great life if you don't weaken" down to the "mule-skinner's" unprintable disserta- tions on mud and mules, the regiment lived on cheerfully, industriously and hopefully. Marooned amidst the war wearied Belgians of Flanders, and far from the American supplies, the 361st Infantry (with an average of 60 men per company unable to march or drill on account of their lack of shoes) undertook to entertain and educate itself. These three weeks of rain, that seemed like three months, included physical exercises, school of the soldier and squad (attempted only on the 185 driest spots in the roads or fields), bayonet work, guard duty, visual sig- naling, musketry, gas defense, first aid, thirty yard rifle range practice, live rifle grenade practice, 1000 inch machine gun practice, automatic rifle school, N. C. O., bugler and drummer schools, schools for physical in- structors, field inspections, talks on tactics, on rations, on the law of mil- itary occupation, and on the use of maps and compasses. There were also so-called "road maneuvers" involving the use of connecting files or of rear and advance guards, but in reality designed more especially to give the troops a chance to visit large towns or nearby battlefields. Life included a daily chronicle of ever increasing activity in the war on cooties, the dis- covery or manufacture of bathing facilities, the carting away of mud or the carting in of duck-boards. One "regimental formation" meant in fact an assembly at CHAUNY CAMP to witness an outdoor presentation of "The Turnip Field Follies of 1918," by the 3rd Battalion, accompanied by a competition in the manual of arms. Other variations in the routine included a system of two-day passes to DUNKIRK, a detail of twenty-six men to attend an entertainment given by the 30th French Army Corps at DUNKIRK, a detail of two men to participate in a theater opening at BRUSSELS, the award of approximately 150 Belgian Croix-de-Guerre to the division (including the award of 18 of these crosses to members of the regiment) an attempt at Christmas dinners, an occasional influx of mail and packages from home, a constant effort to keep reasonably warm and dry, and the never failing active speculation as to the day of emancipa- tion. Yet in spite of it all there actually was one advantage in the situation which was little realized at the time. This was that CROMBEKE proved to be too far from civilization to be reached by the influenza. The regi- ment throughout its career never had anything that even resembled an epidemic of the "flu." It has been well said that "of mud and Germans the regiment saw much and it overcame them, but of cities and germs it saw little and it was the better for it." On December 22nd, Lieutenant Wilkins succeeded Lieutenant Sessions in command of the Regimental Military Police. On December 25th Major R. E. Naftzger returned (or escaped), from the hospitals of France and was officially attached to the regiment as a supernumerary Field Officer. On December 26th the great news was officially received — the regiment would entrain on December 28th, 29th and 30th for the LE MANS area in France, with every prospect of moving from there to America and not to Germany. This news was all the more appreciated as it came in the imme- diate wake of a wild but disconcerting rumor that the 91st Division had been selected as a future cavalry division to be trained and used in con- nection with an army of occupation in Russia. Shoes or no shoes, day or night, every man was in line when his unit marched to ROUSBRUGGE STATION for entrainment, and in spite of every difficulty in the form of rain, mud and inadequate loading facilities, there never was a more cheerful atmosphere about any spot in Flanders than that which clung close to the rain-washed shacks and loading platforms of ROUSBRUGGE. The New Year inevitably held promise of better things, and wherever or however spent, "New Year's Eve" was one of happy an- ticipation. 186 ROSTER OF OFFICERS, 36 1ST INFANTRY February 8, 1919 — on Day before Transfer of Officers to Army of Occupation Regimental Headquarters Colonel Avery D. Cummings Lieut. Colonel Brett W. Eddy Captain Marshall S. Scudder, Regimental Adjutant Captain Leon E. Savage, (Supply Co.), attached as Regi- mental Unit Supply Officer. Captain Jacob Kanzler, Personnel Adjutant Captain Harold H. Burton, Operations Officer Captain Richard C. M. Page, Intelligence Officer Captain Paul F. Brown, M. C, Regimental Surgeon 1st Lieut. Frederick T. Fairchild (Co. "E"), attached as Assistant Personnel Adjutant and as Embarkation Officer 1st Lieut. South all R. Pfund (Co. "B"), attached as Assistant Operations Officer and as Regimental Gas and Mess Officer 1st Lieut. John W. Beard, Regimental Chaplain 1st Battalion Major Frank P. Doherty 1st Lieut. Donald G. Abel, Adjutant 1st Lieut. Roscoe V. F. Brightbill, Intelligence Officer 1st Lieut. Francis H. Cassidy, Chaplain Company "A" Company "C" Captain George A. Jahant Captain Fred B. Angus 1st Lieut. Ellis Bates lst Lieut. Charles H. Hudelson 1st Lieut. Mernam J. Howells 1st Lieut. Ray R. Vincent lstLieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Everett J. Gray 2 nd Lieut. Augustus C. Carver 2nd Lieut. Milo B. Seay 2nd Lieut Company "B" (Captain Wallace T. Downing, S. D. r tf _„ as Instructor at Army Candidate company D School) Captain Claude D. Johns, Jr. lst Lieut. Gustave B. Appelman lst Lieut. Albert J. Haas lst Lieut lst Lieut. Oliver Voderberg lst Lieut lst Lieut 2nd Lieut. Frank W. Coppinger 2nd Lieut. Sam W. Robertson 2nd Lieut. Theodore W. Burnett 2nd Lieut 2nd Battalion Major Roy E. Naftzger lst Lieut. Frank R. Johnston, Adjutant 2nd Lieut. Knapp Orton, Intelligence Officer lstLieut. Edwin S. Priest, Chaplain 187 2nd Battalion — Continued Company "E" Captain Henry P. Hoffman 1st Lieut. Royal A. Coffey 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Joseph E. O'Connor 2nd Lieut. John A. Flagg Company "F" Captain Carmi L. Williams 1st Lieut. Wallace M. MacKay 1st Lieut. Ely F. Echolds 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Jack Sweat (2nd Lieut. Ernest L. Damkroger, D. S. with Division Athletic Officer) Company "G" Captain Clarence J. Minick (1st Lieut. Gregg M. Evans, S. D. as Regimental Police Officer and Town Major) 1st Lieut. Edmond T. Duvall 1st Lieut. Walter F. Davis 2nd Lieut. Uil Lane 2nd Lieut Company "H" Captain Ira G. Towson (1st Lieut. Jesse T. Wilkins, S. D. as Regimental A. P. M.) 1st Lieut. John H. Moeur 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Charles T. Wright 2nd Lieut. John G. McCorvey 3rd Battalion Major Friend S. Dickinson 1st Lieut. James R. McLaughlin, Adjutant 2nd Lieut. Lorenzo S. Foote, Intelligence Officer Company "I" Captain Elmer J. Armstrong 1st Lieut. Robert S. Batman 1st Lieut. David A. Bissett 1st Lieut. Robert A. Woodyard 2nd Lieut. Charles Stout 2nd Lieut Company "K" Captain Curtiss R. Gilbert 1st Lieut. John E. Bailey 1st Lieut. William Dean 1st Lieut (2nd Lieut. Harold J. Jones, S. D. as Assistant Regimental A. P. M.) 2nd Lieut Company "L" Captain James C. Fortune 1st Lieut. Lester M. Ellis 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Edward A. Valentine 2nd Lieut. Alva J. Coats Company "M" Captain Francois Trouchet 1st Lieut. Charlie A. Valverde 1st Lieut. Frederick F. Lamping 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Thomas E. Dunn 2nd Lieut 188 3rd Battalion — Continued Headquarters Company Captain Frank Heath 1st Lieut. Ernest K. Murray 1st Lieut 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. Robert C. Howard 2nd Lieut. Harry J. Craig 2nd Lieut. John H. Hastings (at- tached) Machine Gun Company Captain George E. Kelsch 1st Lieut. Lewin W. Martinez 1st Lieut 2nd Lieut. George V. J. Ramsdell 2nd Lieut. Reginald H. Linforth 2nd Lieut Supply Company Captain 1st Lieut. Fred L. Brace 1st Lieut. James A. Quinby 1st Lieut. Edward L. Kellas (of Co. "M," attached) 1st Lieut. Jack O'Brien (of Co. "E," attached) 2nd Lieut. Albert R. Bartell 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut Medical Detachment Captain Paul F. Brown, M. C, Reg. Surgeon (also listed with Regi- mental Headquarters). Captain Ernest C. McKibben, M. C. 1st Lieut. Leland C. Mcintosh, M. C. 1st Lieut John L. Burnside, D. C. 1st Lieut. Charles H. Smith, M. C. 1st Lieut. Mayo Reiss, D. C. 1st Lieut. George H. Griffin, M. C. 1st Lieut. Clyde Ruff, M. C. 189 CHAPTER XII FROM BELGIUM TO CAMP LEWIS December 30, 1918-April 30, 1919 28-31 December— CROMBEKE area, BELGIUM, to BELLeME (ORNE) aiea, FRANCE, Northwest, marching, 5 kilometers, Southwest, by rail, 550 kilometers, and West, marching, 20 kilometers. 31 December, 1918-20 March, 1919— Vicinity of BELLeME (ORNE), FRANCE, anxiously waiting. "Eighty days to see picturesque Normandy peasant life in BELLeME and its quiet suburbs with side trips to PARIS, NICE, ST. MALO and LES HAUTES PYRENEES." This was a tourist trip to NORMANDY on which the tourists were never hurried before they had had an opportunity to see all they wanted to see of the ancient towns, the beautiful rolling and historic countryside and the quaint dwellings of the peasants. The division (less the artillery brigade) was billeted over an area known as the LA FERTe BERNARD area, extending about 25 kilometers north and south and about 30 kilometers east and west. The division was assigned to the Second Army Corps the headquarters of which were at BONNeTABLE (SARTHE), but later the administrative organization was changed so that the division came directly under the control of the Le Mans American Embarkation Center with headquarters at LE MANS (SARTHE). BELLeME was in the extreme northwest corner of the divisional area, the 181st Brigade Headquarters were less than 3 kilometers northeast of BELLeME at CHATEAU LE TERTRE, while Division Headquarters were approximately 25 kilometers away, at LA FERTe BERNARD (SARTHE), in the southeast corner of the area. All supplies, except wood and straw, had to be transported to BELLeME by truck for about 20 kilometers from the several divisional dumps or depots. The location, however, was in many respects a pleasant surprise, for it had been tentatively announced in Belgium that the 361st Infantry was to occupy the NOGENT-LE- BERNARD area which, though adjoining LA FERTe BERNARD, consisted of such small and scattered settlements that to billet a regiment in it re- quired the spreading of the regiment over an area nearly 20 kilometers long and required the probable subdividing of companies. These plans had been changed so that Colonel Bennett (formerly Lieutenant Colonel of the 361st Infantry) with the 364th Infantry was assigned to the NOGENT- LE-BERNARD area and the 361st Infantry received at BELLeME the snuggest, cleanest and altogether most desirable regimental area in the territory. Major Goodpaster's battalion had been tentatively assigned to a district in the NOGENT-LE-BERNARD area which left the Major the un- precedented choice of billets in either of two chateaux. Well knowing the previous record of the regiment for never receiving a chateau-area he had wisely not trusted himself to count upon these luxuries. In BELLeME it 190 soon developed that the only chateau had been thoroughly destroyed and removed during the French Revolution. Ultimately, however, the Colonel secured a billet in the next best thing to a chateau — "LA GRANDE MAISON." BELLeME is situated on a hill with a beautiful view to the west down the valley of the MeME River and across the rolling rich hills that have made of Normandy such a desirable province and such a tempting field for battle. According to the historical information published by Captain Page and the Regimental Intelligence Section this particular hill had seen many battles for its possession and had passed through almost countless hands since the days when it was first included in the Roman conquests from the Gauls. Company "E's" headquarters were in a group of buildings on a knoll on the side of the larger hill, and on that knoll, as early as the tenth century, had been built the small fortified chateau of YVES DE CREIL. On that spot there still stand the plain old chapel and crypt much as they have for nearly a thousand years. Later, a large chateau-fort had been built upon the crest of the main hill, and this had been repeatedly besieged, captured and recaptured by contending nobles and even kings. Today nothing remains of the chateau and of its once beautiful chapel of St. Leonard except stretches of the ancient ramparts, such as a 20 or 30-foot but- tressed wall that rises above the PLACE DU CHATEAU behind the SALLE DES FeTES (better known perhaps as the Regimental Theater), scattered sections of the ancient mote the most notable of which has become the town watering place for animals, and finally the heavily turretted gate- way or "tunnel" which formerly served as one of three main entrances to the castle. Just outside of this gateway is now LA PLACE DE LA RePUBLIQUE. This is the market place, where every Thursday the farmers bring their produce and where the public gatherings are held in much the same manner as for generations past. Here the question of prices for the American consumer was repeatedly argued with a result almost always favorable to the French producer until after many diplomatic sessions Colonel Cum- mings and Lieutenant Pfund (then Acting Operations Officer) won from the Mayor a proclamation of peace in this price war which set the official approval upon certain comparatively reasonable rates on standard articles. The town was an unusually clean one with a commendable local pride but the population of the regiment was practically as large as that of the town itself and as the regiment was gradually filled up with replacements preparatory to its return to America, unit after unit was moved out into the quiet suburbs. The Machine Gun Company, always at ST. MARTIN DU DIEUX BELLeME, about one kilometer northwest of BELLeME, was joined on January 6th by Company "A" which moved into a several storied old mill and a neighboring large building between the two towns. Com- panies "C" and "D" were always located at LE GUe DE LA CHAINE, 3 kilometers west of BELLeME, and finally Company "B" on March 6th moved to COLONARD, about 8 kilometers northeast of BELLeME. On the other side, Company "I" on January 1 1th moved about 4 kilometers south of BELLeME to APPENAI, and Company "M," late in February moved about 6 kilometers southeast to DAME MARIE. These towns and farms, then barely in operation, were all located in what had once been the powerful 191 county of PERCHE and many of them in days gone by had raised the famous great Percheron horses of Normandy. The new additions to the regiment in BELLeME included officers as well as men. First of all, the regiment was met by Lieutenant Colonel Brett W. Eddy, who thus became the first and only Lieutenant Colonel to serve with it in France. He had had long experience with the National Guard of Louisiana and by his unassuming manner and ready lending of friendly and helpful assistance or advice he soon won the friendship and high regard of the regiment. From the day of its arrival in BELLeME to the day of its demobilization in CAMP LEWIS Lieutenant Colonel Eddy was constantly on duty with it and his services, particularly in maintain- ing a friendly and yet self-respecting international relation with the billet owners of BELLeME and its vicinity, will long be recalled with gratitude by the several Town Majors and doubtless with corresponding respect by many of the imaginative freeholders of the cherished ancestral ruins which served as American billets. Every officer of the regiment who was still in France and able to do active duty rejoined it at BELLeME, so that (except for Major Good- paster who, on January 20th, in answer to his application to remain in the regular service, had been transferred to the Combat Officers' Depot at GONDRECOURT, there to await assignment, and except for Lieutenant McMillen, who had been transferred to G. H. Q.), the roster of February 8th, 1919, reads like a reunion of the surviving officers. To fill the remaining vacancies and thus be enabled to return to America with the regiment, new officers who had indicated their preference for "full and immediate separa- tion from the service" (the "greyhounds," as Captain Scudder called them), were assigned to the regiment and rapidly were assimilated by it. Almost immediately after arrival in the new area, schools and military training were put into full effect to comply with the combat division train- ing program of the Expeditionary Forces. BELLeME was selected as the location for the Divisional Trench Mortar School, which under direction of Major Roy E. Naftzger and Lieutenant Ernest K. Murray of this regiment, at once proved itself a thorough success. Although the school's target practice was reported to have caused much concern to the worthy guardians of the church at ST. MARTIN DU VIEUX BELLeME by shaking ancient statuettes from their ancient pedestals, and although the Pioneer Platoon was compelled to devote much of its training schedule to repairing the road and conduit that shell fire had destroyed, no serious damages were caused. Similarly, early in January, the Intelligence Sections attended a Divi- sional School at LA FERTe BERNARD, and representatives of the Pioneer and Signal Platoons attended schools at NOGENT LE ROTROU (EURE ET LOIR). On January 18th, the "command groups" of the entire 181st Brigade turned out on a maneuver which repeated in a single day a tactical disposi- tion and advance similar to that experienced by this brigade during the second phase of the MEUSE-ARGONNE offensive. It was soon seen that the comparatively thickly settled area in which the division was now located was, from a practical standpoint, rendered a precarious maneuver ground by the failure of the native peasants to understand the necessity for this 192 cross country work and their inherent and highly cultivated sense of land values was most sensitive to the damage caused to their hedges and grass by each such trip over the soggy and slippery fields. Finally arrangements were made whereby it was found to be reconcilable with the proper prepara- tion for the return of the division to America that it should discontinue further practice of large scale maneuvers. By this time the green fir tree divisional insignia which had been authorized while in Belgium (by G. O. 57, 91st Div., 13 Dec. 1918) had been generally distributed. Also by the middle of January practically all members of the command, including all members of the original regiment from Camp Lewis, were wearing the gold service stripe for six months' service overseas. These service chevrons and the wound chevrons were care- fully checked up and were worn at the time of the Pershing Review of January 27th. There was also issued at about this time the following Divisional Order officially authorizing and interpreting the distinctive divis- ional name, insignia and motto: " (270— FOR OFFICIAL CIRCULATION ONLY) HQ. 9 1 ST DIV. GENERAL ORDERS: A. E. F., January 29, 1919. No. 7 1. 1. The name "Wild West Division," by which this division has been known since the days of its organization at Camp Lewis, Washington, in 1917, is officially recognized as the distinctive divisional name. 2. The distinctive divisional design, a green fir tree, adopted as a personal badge, to be worn by each officer and man of the division (G. O. 57, 91st Division, 1918), is emblematic not only of the foliage found in each state from which the personnel of this division was selected, but the ever- green and ever useful character of this foliage is emblematic also of the state of readiness and the degree of usefulness which has characterized, and should continue to be the aim of, each unit of the division. 3. Since this division was ready to participate in the ST. MIHIEL Salient operation while standing in the reserve of the First American Army; since it was ready to attack in the front line of the Fifth Army Corps, from Foret de HESSE, when the Commander-in-Chief launched his attack against the enemy's line of communications between the MEUSE River and the ARGONNE Forest; since some of its units were already entraining for BELGIUM before others, marching from the firing line, had reached the railroad; since its units never hesitated to attack the most formidable of the enemy's defences in BELGIUM; and since its members are now ready, either to return to the UNITED STATES and resume the pursuits of peace, or to continue their service wherever ordered by the Commander-in-Chief, the phrase "Always Ready" is adopted as the divisional motto. WHJ 9 :30— 9 :50 BY COMMAND OF MAJOR GENERAL JOHNSTON: OFFICIAL: D. J. Coman, Henry C. Jewett, Major, A. G,. Colonel, General Staff, Adjutant. Chief of Staff." GENERAL DISTRIBUTION. 193 At first a "Model Battalion" consisting of picked veterans of the regi- ment's engagements was drilled in a new solid square formation to be used in passing in review before General Pershing. Finally it was arranged for the General to review the entire division at the time of presenting a number of American decorations to its members. Much to the pleasure of the inhabitants of BELLeME the review took place in a field only four kilometers south of the town. This field was easily reached on foot by the members of this regiment while the units from the furthest corner of the area were forced to leave there early in the morning by truck and did not return until late that night. General Pershing, at the review, personally walked around and among the troops of the entire division, speaking fre- quently to those who had been wounded and after the review addressed a few words to the officers, including his commendation of the division for its service in action. Among the many decorations awarded were both the Distinguished Service Medal and Cross for Major General William H. Johnston, com- manding the division, the Distinguished Service Cross for Brigadier Gen- eral J. B. McDonald, commanding the 181st Brigade, and fourteen Dis- tinguished Service Crosses for enlisted men in the 361st Infantry. Later, on March 17, at a ceremony conducted by the 2nd Battalion of this regiment at BELLeME, Major General E. M. Lewis presented a Distinguished Service Medal to Brigadier General McDonald. The Regimental Colors were decorated with four light blue Battle Ribbons (MEUSE-ARGONNE, September 26-October 4, 1918; MEUSE- ARGONNE, October 7-12, 1918; YPRES-LYS, October 31-November 4, 1918, and YPRES-LYS, November 10-11, 1918) awarded by the General Headquarters of the A. E. F. as a temporary substitute for the silver bands later to be placed around the pike. On January 29th on the same field as that where the divisional review had been held, the A. E. F. Chemical (familiarly known as the "Comical") Warfare Service Demonstration Unit gave a demonstration participated in by two companies of the 2nd Battalion of this regiment under Major Naftzger, all under the general supervision of Lieutenant Colonel Eddy. It illustrated the use of the thermite shells and smoke screens in attacking machine gun nests and was attended by officers from the several units of the division as well as by the entire 361st Infantry. At about the same time as came the relaxation in the requirements for field maneuvers, greater freedom and opportunity was provided for enter- tainments and diversions. Not only was a liberal system of furloughs and leaves of absence instituted and applied to the regiment so that practically every officer and man who desired a vacation was given one — sometimes for three days (to PARIS) and more often for two weeks to regular leave areas or "Points in France other than PARIS." In BELLeME itself, under the supervision of Chaplain Beard, as Regimental Entertainment Officer, entertainments were put on at the Regimental Theater almost every evening. These entertainments were often furnished by talent from within the regi- ment, notably the 2nd Battalion Show, the Band and Drum Corps Minstrels, the Company "F" "Finish Fight" (won by "Powder River"), and the "Love- lace Minstrels." Sometimes the talent was from other units of the division 194 and now and again the Y. M. C. A. circuit would treat the regiment to a troupe from outside the division, or even to feminine entertainers who never failed to pack the "house" even for two entertainments on the same evening. In March an interesting performance was staged by a troupe from the Canadian Forestry Detachment that was working in the nearby FOReT DE BELLeME. Each battalion, and whenever possible each com- pany, soon had its own reading and writing room in addition to the some- what limited space available for the general Y. M. C. A. reading room. "KC" also operated a little gift shop of his own near Regimental Head- quarters from which he distributed candy, tobacco and reading matter, including a liberally managed circulating library of fiction. During this interim Sergeant Z. A. Olson of Company "F" found time to prepare and have published as the first of the histories of the units of the regiment a most readable and creditable little volume entitled "Following Fighting F." During hours of training, the term "Regimental Formation" grew to cover a multitude of forms of entertainment and competitions. An athletic meet held on January 24th was won by the First Battalion, a "Military Field Meet" held on February 21st, was won by the Second Battalion, and a Novelty Field Meet held on February 27th was won by the Third Battalion. Colonel Cummings always took a hearty personal interest in all these events, thus greatly adding to their success, and on one occasion by per- sonal participation in an officers' relay race he contributed materially to the winning of the event by the so-called "Combination Battalion" which in- cluded all members of the regiment not in the three regularly constituted battalions. As the snowfall was never heavy, soccer and even baseball found a place in the winter sports. The old favorite diversion of boxing was again indulged in with the result that the divisional team included among its members Sergeant Wood- house of Company "A", Sergeant Simonich of Company "A", Corporal Pedersen of Company "A", Private O'Brien of Company "E" and Private Robertson of Company "G." These included all of the 361st Infantry boxing representatives who had won divisional championships in Camp Lewis, except Corporal Wells and Private Ferdon, both of Company "A", both of whom had been wounded in action and had not returned to the regiment. Chaplain Beard trained the boxers and accompanied his "Sunday School Class," as he called it, on its trips with the divisional team. No one of these men was ever beaten and each inter-divisional contest in which they took part was won by this division. Finally came the Horse Show, started by order from the Headquarters of the A. E. F. The order was at first regarded as of doubtful application to this organization, for it had not been re-equipped with animals or vehicles since its withdrawal from the line. However, the regiment had a reputation to maintain in such inter-regimental contests, and under the energetic leader- ship of Major Naftzger every effort was made to assemble entries that at least would not be a discredit to the organization. At the preliminary Regimental Horse Show in BELLeME late in February, first place was won by the Com- bination Battalion and on March 1st, at the Divisional Horse Show at NOGENT-LE-ROTROU the regiment to its own surprise found itself not merely creditably represented but the winner. Colonel Cummings here again 195 personally contributed materially to the success of the undertaking not merely by his hearty support of the representatives but by personally winning an event — taking first place in the Officers' Jumpers contest. The horse show parade which followed the completion of the event, and closed this last inter- regimental Field Day was but a living representation of Colonel Davis' old motto: "The 361st Leads, Others Follow." During this period the military training tended more than before to close order drill for it was now becoming necessary to prepare again for participation in ceremonies. The schedule however included in addition to the usual school of the soldier, squad, platoon and company, instruction in the new close order formations and movements as prescribed in the Provisional Infantry Drill Regulations prepared for the A. E. F. and specially adapted to maximum strength rifle companies of 250 men. Also 100, 200 and 300-yard rifle target practice was conducted on a nearby rifle range constructed by Lieutenant Howard and the Pioneer Platoon. Automatic rifle practice and machine gun practice were conducted as long as the supply of ammunition would permit. Signalling, tactics, rifle exercises, the "MacNab" system of preliminary rifle firing instruction, identification of the several distinctive American divisional insignia, and map reading were all included. The band and drum corps rendered regular service at formal guard mounts, which were held daily, and at all ceremonies or "Regimental Formations." A brigade band was developed by providing for frequent practice with the band of the 362nd Infantry. Chaplain Cassidy conducted a most successful elementary school particularly for men who could not read or write and several men through this course became able for the first time to write letters home. No epidemic of influenza or any other disease ever attacked the regiment while abroad and although deaths from any cause were infrequent in BELLeME, it became the sad duty of the regiment to render the funeral honors at the BELLeME cemetery for Sergeant Samuel Lezak, of Company "F," and later for Captain Lewis of Division Headquarters. Also a memorial service, including addresses by Brigadier General McDonald and Major Doherty, was held in honor of ex-President Roosevelt, whose death oc- curred in February. One of the most successful ventures that the Y. M. C. A. undertook was the sending of Miss Brady to the regiment. She was the first and only woman who had been on duty with the regiment, and she was instantly a success. Quiet, diplomatic, energetic, resourceful, thoroughly interested in her work and attractive in her personality, she had in about two days enrolled the assistance of officers and men and was managing the regi- ment's first hot chocolate establishment in a corner of the Regimental Theater. From the day of her arrival until the day and hour that the troop trains pulled out for ST. NAZAIRE she was constantly and materially assisting in the maintenance of the morale. Also not to be overlooked was the visit of the "Flying Legion" — a group of about twenty Y. M. C. A. girls who spent one day at BELLeME participating in an enlisted men's dance in the afternoon and in an officers' dance in the evening. On February 1st an order was issued from G. H. Q., A. E. F., which took its effect in the regiment on February 9th, transferring to the Army of 196 Occupation those officers who, in Belgium, had indicated their preference to remain in the regular service if opportunity should occur. Under this order the following officers were transferred to the 2nd Division: Captains Williams (Co. "F") and Scudder (Regimental Adjutant) ; First Lieutenants Brightbill (1st Bn. Int. Officer), Appelman (Co. "B"), Hudelson (Co. "C"), Bissett (Co. "I"), Bates (Co. "A"), Johnston (2nd Bn. Adjutant), and Voder- berg (Co. "D") ; and 2nd Lieutenants Coats (Co. "L") and Stout (Co. "I") ; to the 3rd Division: Captain Page (Regimental Intelligence Officer) ; and to the 4th Division: Captain Towson (Co. "H"). Lieutenant McMillen (Hq. Co.), mentioned in the same order, had already received orders to report to G. H. Q., A. E. F. At about this time and in response to a similar election made by him, Lieutenant Valverde (Co. "M") was transferred to the Military Police Corps. In honor of these departing officers a farewell dinner which was at- tended by the Brigade Commander and Staff as well as by the Colonel and all officers of the regiment was held at the HOTEL ST. LOUIS in BEL- LeME. Its success rivalled but scarcely outrivalled that of the dinner held at NOGENT-EN-BASSIGNY, nearly six months previously, when the regi- ment was about to go into its first action. To fill vacancies resulting from these transfers the following changes in the regiment were made effective on February 9th : Captain Burton be- came Regimental Adjutant, Lieutenant Pfund Acting Operations Officer, Lieu- tenant Orton Acting Regimental Intelligence Officer, Lieutenant Lane Regi- mental Gas and Mess Officer and Assistant Operations Officer, Lieutenant Abel Commanding Officer of Company "B", Lieutenant Carver ("of West Virginia") Acting Adjutant of 1st Battalion, and Lieutenant Linforth Acting Adjutant of 2nd Battalion. As the several officers of the 2nd and 3rd Divisions, who were replaced by those from this regiment, reported for duty the other vacancies were soon filled by them. The principal changes thus caused were the assignments of Captain Wade Goble (2nd Division) to command Company "H," and Captain Hunter P. Lovelace (3rd Division) as Regimental Intelligence Officer. Within a few days further changes resulted from the promotions granted with rank from February 21, 1919, to cover certain of the cases of deserved promotions which had been unexpectedly cut off by the order stopping all national army promotions after the armistice. Within the regiment this order brought Captaincies to First Lieutenants Bailey (Co. "K"), Abel (Co. "B"), and Batman (Co. "I") and First Lieutenancies to Second Lieu- tenants Dunn (Co. "M"), Lane (Co. "G"), Valentine (Co. "L"), Craig (Hq. Co.), Ramsdell (M. G. Co.), Orton (2nd Bn. Int. Officer), Linforth (M. G. Co.) and Howard (Hq. Co.). Similar orders brought a Majority to Captain Brown, M. C, a Captaincy to Lieutenant Smith, M. C. and a Cap- taincy to Lieutenant (Chaplain) Beard. Each of these promotions had been so well earned and long delayed that sincere gratification upon their receipt was heartily felt by the entire regiment. As a result of these promotions several material changes in assign- ments were announced on February 22nd, the principal ones being that Captain Gilbert was transferred from Company "K" to his original Com- pany "F," Captain Bailey was placed in command of Company "K," Captain 197 Abel was transferred to Company "D," Captain Batman was temporarily attached to Company "G," Lieutenant Orton was assigned to Company "M," Lieutenant Lane was assigned as 2nd Battalion Intelligence Officer (but continued his duties as Gas and Mess Officer and Assistant Operations Officer), and Lieutenant Linforth was assigned as Second Battalion Adjutant. The subsequent principal changes in the assignment and personnel of line officers before leaving BELLeME were: February 25: Captain Batman attached to Company "A." February 28: Captain Burton from Regimental Adjutant to Operations Officer (compiling history), Lieutenant Pfund from Acting to Assistant Operations Officer (but continuing to do the operating), Captain Jahant, Acting Regimental Adjutant, Captain Angus to Machine Gun Company and Captain Louis N. Fournier (2nd Division) to Company "C." March 1: Captain Batman assigned to Company "A." March 13: Captain Jahant assigned as Regimental Adjutant. March 14: Captain Jahant transferred to LE MANS Embarkation Center, Captain Burton assigned as Regimental Adjutant, Lieutenant Pfund as Acting Operations Officer. In the meantime almost at the last moment an additional thousand unequipped replacements were sent to the division, but for the sake of keeping clear the regimental records, which now were practically ready for embarka- tion, these men were held in a single detachment and officers were detailed from the several regiments to take charge of them. From this regiment there went on this duty Lieutenants Haas, Ellis and Coppinger. Also during the last months an opportunity had come allowing selected officers and men to attend, on detached service, certain of the European Universities. In answer to this call the Medical Detachment contributed Major Brown, Captain McKibben, Captain Smith (after a few days of service by Captain Smith as Regimental Surgeon following Major Brown's depart- ure) and Lieutenant Mcintosh. The Dental Surgeons were also soon sep- arated from the regiment. The popular and efficient Captain William G. Parker of the 346th Machine Gun Battalion was then transferred to the regiment as its Regimental Surgeon, and among other additional doctors there came back Captain (formerly Lieutenant) Fred B. Coleman. Shortly before the second detachment of the regiment sailed for the United States Major Brown rejoined it. From early in February until the day of departure the one controlling purpose of every program was the preparation for the regiment's return to the United States. Organization property not required for transporta- tion overseas was collected and as rapidly as possible turned in — additional personal equipment needed to comply with embarkation instructions was constantly checked and rechecked, and missing items sought after and issued, the elusive "cootie" was made the subject of a determined cam- paign until each company had its own delousing plant and each company in addition to the medical inspections held a daily inspection and reported the result at Officers' Call. The final victory came when Lieutenant Pfund's suggestion was incorporated in an operations memorandum and the "cootie" was outmaneuvered and wearied to death by the doughboy's practice of one day wearing his underclothes wrong side out and the next day right side out until the enemy had fled or been annihilated in action. Repeated inspections of men and equipment were made by everyone from squad leader to Division Inspector. A similar inspection of billets was made 198 by everyone from squad leader to Lieutenant Colonel Eddy, and finally a "tactical inspection" by "G-3" of the Division (Lieutenant Colonel Lynn) won for the men of the regiment a clearance and a record that equalled even that which Captain Kanzler was making for them on paper in the personnel office. The results of the tactical inspection (which included particularly the execution of close order movements according to the Pro- visional I. D. R. of the A. E. F.), are here in part recorded as indicative of the results attained: The two leading rifle companies in the division were Companies "D" and "I" of this regiment, with the records given below; of the four infantry supply companies in the division, the Supply Company of the 361st Infantry ranked first by a considerable margin; the two leading battalions in the division were the 1st and 3rd Battalions of this regiment with the records given below, and the record of the 2nd Bat- talion is also here published because, although it ranked in a tie for 13th place in the division, this result was largely due to the small percentage present and such percentage has been explained as an error due to a failure to allow for the unavoidable absence of members of the new and old guard; finally, of the four regiments, the 361st Infantry ranked first, as shown below: Organization Rating of Officers Appear- Perform- ance ance Per- Rating of Enlisted Men centage ■ Appear- Perform- Present at ance ance Inspection Final Rating Co. "D", 361st Inf. 100 93 98 95 95 96.2 Co. "I", 361st Inf. 100 95 97 95 94 96.2 1st Bn., 361st Inf. 97.5 91.5 96.7 91.5 94 94.2 3rdBn., 361st Inf. 100 92.2 96.7 90 91.5 94.1 2nd Bn., 361st Inf. 100 89.2 93.7 90.3 79.7 90.6 361st Inf. 99 91 95 89 88 92.4 364th Inf. 97.5 88.5 91 89.5 90 91.3 363rd Inf. 97.1 92.4 91.5 89.3 87 91.2 362nd Inf. 97.5 90 93 87 86.5 91 While all of this was going on outside, the personnel office, under the conscientious direction of Captain Jacob Kanzler assisted by Lieutenant Frederick T. Fairchild, was crowding the capacity of all available type- writers with the reams of reports required to be completed so that once the regiment left the embarkation area, its records with the Expeditionary Forces would be satisfactorily closed and that thereafter as the regiment passed through the further stages of demobilization there would be the least possible delay due to discrepancies or to the need of further data. The task was gradually accomplished and Captain Kanzler's reward came with the opinion of the Embarkation Center Inspectors who said that they had never before seen a regiment's records in such excellent condition. 20 March to 26 April, 1919— from BELLeME (ORNE) FRANCE, to CAMP LEWIS, WASHINGTON, U. S. A., via ST. NAZAIRE (LOIRE INFERIEURE), France, and HOBOKEN, N. J., U. S. A., East, by marching, 20 kilometers, and West, by rail and ship, 7023 miles (1 1,237 kilometers). On March 20th the movement to the West at last began by marching East 20 kilometers from BELLeME to NOGENT-LE-ROTROU and there entrain- ing for ST. NAZAIRE. The first units to leave were Regimental Headquarters, Headquarters Company, Machine Gun Company and the Second Battalion 199 (train commander, Colonel Cummings). The rest of the regiment followed, on two trains leaving NOGENT-LE-ROTROU a few hours apart. On the first of these trains were the 181st Brigade Headquarters, the Third Bat- talion and Companies "A" and "B" (train commander, Brigadier General McDonald) and on the second train were the First Battalion (less Com- panies "A" and "B"), Supply Company and 347th Machine Gun Bat- talion (train commander, Lieutenant Colonel Eddy). The troops arrived in ST. NAZAIRE the following day after a 275- kilometer (about 172-mile) trip. The train service already was growing better for a part of the cars were large American freight cars instead of the tiny French type and each train carried a kitchen car that made possible the service of hot meals prepared by a permanent train crew regularly assigned to that duty. At ST. NAZAIRE an excellently managed and roomy embarkation camp readily absorbed the regiment and after undergoing more physical and equipment inspections and a revision of some of the embarkation lists according to new instructions, the regiment was ready for shipboard. The admirable efficiency and ready co-operation shown by all in charge of operations at ST. NAZAIRE is worthy of the highest commendation. On March 25th the 181st Brigade Headquarters, 361st Infantry Head- quarters, Headquarters and Supply Companies boarded the Naval Transport "Orizaba" with a considerable number of troops from the 182nd Brigade and various convalescent and minor detachments. Brigadier General McDonald was commander of troops. The ship sailed that day and reached HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY, on April 2nd, after an excellent trip. Just as the "Orizaba" was sailing there came the last assignment of new officers to the regiment. First came a list of appointments to Second Lieu- tenants' Commissions of those men who had graduated from the last Officers' Training Camp and from there had been returned to the regiment as officer candidates (or so-called "3rd Lieutenants") to await their com- missions. Following this came a Division Order assigning the new officers in most cases to their own regiments. These men had earned their recom- mendations to attend the camp by service under fire in the MEUSE- ARGONNE offensive and it was a proud day for the regiment when it could list them on its roster of officers. These were the regiment's first officers to come to it from its own ranks: Second Lieutenant Clyde C. Boyce, formerly Sergeant in Co. "E". Second Lieutenant Alexander Dobie, formerly Sergeant in Co. "H". Second Lieutenant Austin Duggan, formerly 1st Sergeant in Hq. Co. (commissioned shortly after his arrival in United States on "Orizaba"). Second Lieutenant Val F. Gerlits, formerly Sergeant in Co. "D". Second Lieutenant Thomas Greenlees, formerly Sergeant in Co. "G". Second Lieutenant Frank J. McDonald, formerly Sergeant in Co. "C". Second Lieutenant John Melcher, formerly Sergeant in Co. "E". Second Lieutenant William G. Monaghan, formerly Sergeant in Co. "K." Second Lieutenant Joseph A. Simonich, formerly Sergeant in Co. "A". There were also similarly assigned to this regiment Second Lieutenants Fidler, Harelson and Wallis, who had served as enlisted men with other units of the division. 200 During this brief stay at ST. NAZAIRE, the 2nd Battalion again par- ticipated in a ceremony accompanying the presentation by Major General Lewis of a few belated decorations. On April 3rd the last units of the regiment sailed from ST. NAZAIRE. The First Battalion (less Company "D"), accompanied by a number of officers from the other units sailed on the "Edward Luckenbach," the rest, under command of Lieutenant Colonel Eddy, sailed on the "Mexican." By April 15th the entire regiment of veterans had been brought back safely to the welcome shores of the Goddess of Liberty. Scarcely a man who was able to rise from his bed failed to gaze eagerly at the great statue at the harbor's entrance, for this statue symbolized to each man most nobly and perfectly the land and the ideals for which he had put forth his every effort and freely risked his life. To each returning soldier the spirit of Liberty appeared in person to hold out the light of Freedom and to welcome him to his well-earned reward — a home in a country of Freedom. The troops on the "Orizaba" and "Edward Luckenbach" were sent to CAMP MERRITT, N. J., those on the "Mexican" to CAMP MILLS, N. Y. Here the members of the regiment were rapidly separated into groups to be sent to the demobilization camps nearest to the respective points from which they had entered the service. The Regimental, Battalion and Company Headquarters, and the band were, however, preserved essentially intact and ordered to CAMP LEWIS, Washington, with such of the other troops as had been originally inducted into the service from Washington or Oregon. On April 20th, Colonel Cummings entrained with the second train of the Camp Lewis detachment leaving Camp Merritt. In his detachment were the 21 officers and 436 men who together now made up the Regimental Staff, the First Battalion (less Company "D") and Headquarters and Supply Com- panies. On April 24th, Lieutenant Colonel Eddy, entrained with the Camp Lewis detachment from Camp Mills, consisting of 25 officers and 739 men, which included not only all that remained of the 361st Infantry, but also 8 officers and about 150 men from other units. As the troops were hurried homeward the same glad welcome and ever helpful and cheerful Red Cross workers appeared again, much as on the trip East ten months before. But now there was no secrecy, and receptions were tendered at many points along the way, including MARION, Ohio, ST. PAUL, Minn., DICKINSON, N. D., BUTTE or HELENA, Mont, (according to the routings of the trains), and finally the great ovations and parades in SPOKANE, SEATTLE and TACOMA, Wash. Camp Lewis was reached by each train late in the evening and in each case the discharge machinery was put in motion the moment the men had detrained. Some were there discharged by noon of the following day and all (except a detachment from Company "H" and few necessary men at headquarters) were discharged within forty-eight hours after their arrival. The detachment from Company "H" consisted of one carload of men among whom it was reported that there had developed a case of ''German measles" — this led to a 14-day quarantine by Camp authorities, which Regimental Headquarters was unable to foreshorten. 201 On April 26th Colonel Cummings had led his detachment in triumphal parade in TACOMA, and on the same night the regiment reported in at CAMP LEWIS for demobilization. On that day the 361st Infantry com- pleted a term of active service of just 600 days (September 4, 1917, to April 26, 1919). On April 30th the remaining units were all in the camp where they had been originally formed, and that date is understood to mark the official demobilization of the unit, after 604 days' service. The tour of duty was done, the official National and Regimental colors were turned in for delivery to the State of Washington, and at patriotic exercises held in the City of Tacoma, Colonel Avery D. Cummings returned to the Tacoma Com- mercial Club and Chamber of Commerce the additional Regimental Colors, the safe return of which had been guaranteed to them a year before by Colonel William D. Davis. 202 APPENDIX I TRAVEL SUMMARY (All dates are inclusive) Total service of regiment (Sept. 4, 1917-April 30, 1919) 604 Days in United States before going overseas (Sept. 4, 1917-July 5, 1918) 305 Days on high seas or overseas (July 6, 1918-April 2, 1919) 271 Days in United States after return from overseas (April 3-30, 1919) .. . 28 Days in Scotland or England (July 17-19, 1918) 3 Days in France (July 20-Oct. 19, 1918, and Dec. 31, 1918-Mar. 25, 1919) 176 Days in Belgium (Oct. 20-Dec. 30, 1918) 72 Days out of U. S. before armistice (July 6-Nov. 11,1918) 129 Days out of U. S. after armistice (Nov. 12, 1918-April 2, 1919) 142 Miles Kilometers Railroad travel in United States (approximately 3200 miles each way) 6,400 10 : 240 Sea travel (approximately 4318 miles going, 3645 miles returning) 7,963 12,741 Railroad travel in Scotland or England 425 680 Railroad travel in France (5 trips) 1 ,302.5 2,084 Railroad travel in Belgium 15.5 25 Motor truck travel in France 39 62 Night marching in France (7 marches) 45.5 72.5 Day marching in France (15 marches) 104 167 Day marching in Belgium (16 marches) 148.5 238 Advancing by attack, including attack on Gesnes, (7 advances) 1 6.5 26.5 Total movements of regiment 16,459.5 26,336 Total movements on foot in Europe 314.5 504 203 APPENDIX II BATTLE SUMMARY (All dates are inclusive) Days Days in training in United States (Sept. 4, 1917-July 5, 1918) 304 Days in training in France (July 23-Sept. 2, 1918) 42 Days in service as Combat Division (Sept. 3-Nov. 1 1, 1918) 70 Days en route during action (Sept. 3-11, 14-19, Oct. 12-27) . . 31 Days in action (Sept.l2-13,Sept.20-Oct. 11, Oct. 28-Nov. 11) 39 Days in front line (Sept. 26-Oct. 3, Oct. 8-10, Nov. 1-3) 14 Days in Brigade Reserve (Sept. 20-25, Oct. 11, Oct. 31) 8 Days in Division Reserve (Nov. 10-11) 2 Days in Corps Reserve (Oct. 4-7, Oct. 28-30, Nov. 4-9) . 13 Days in Army Reserve (Sept. 12-13) 2 Depth of enemy territory permanently gained by regiment, 25 kilom- eters (151/2 miles). The division is credited with a total gain of 34 kilometers. Major operations participated in by 361st Infantry: ST. MIHIEL OFFENSIVE (in Army Reserve), Sept. 12-13, 1918. MEUSE-ARGONNE DEFENSIVE, Sept. 20-25, 1918. MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE, Sept. 26-Oct. 12, 1918. YPRES-LYS (-SCHELDT) OFFENSIVE, Oct. 31-Nov. 11, 1918. 204 APPENDIX III DECORATIONS AND INDIVIDUAL CITATIONS Summary of Individual Awards Designation of Name for Army Post 1 U. S. Congressional Medal of Honor 1 U. S. Distinguished Service Medal 1 U. S. Distinguished Service Cross 34 French Croix de Guerre 45 Belgian Croix de Guerre 23 U. S. Army Meritorious Service Citation Certificate, without Decoration 7 Divisional Citation in General Orders (with Silver Star) 195 Regimental Citation in General Orders, without Decoration 5 Total 312 DESIGNATION OF NAME FOR ARMY POST By direction of the President, the new post now being constructed near Gatun, Panama Canal Department, is named Fort William D. Davis ; in honor of the late Col. William D. Davis, 361st Infantry, who died in France, November 1, 1918. Colonel Davis was awarded the distinguished service cross "for extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 26 to October 2, 1918." During the engagement he was twice wounded, but remained in command of his regiment throughout the entire action, until it was finally relieved. He was awarded the distinguished service medal posthumously for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services. He served on the Canal Zone in the 5th Infantry during the period when the troops were engaged in the maneuvers and survey work which formed a practical basis for the defense project. (W. D. G. O. 91, Sec. IV, July 19, 1919.) U. S. CONGRESSIONAL MEDAL OF HONOR Oscar F. Miller, Major, 361st Infantry. For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action with the enemy near Gesnes, France, September 28th, 1918. After two days of intense physical and mental strain, during which Maj. Miller had led his battalion in the front line of the advance, through the forest of Argonne, the enemy was met in a prepared position south of Gesnes. Though almost exhausted, he energetically reorganized his battalion and ordered an attack. Upon reach- ing open ground, the advancing line began to waver in the face of machine gun fire from the front and flanks and direct artillery fire. Personally leading his command group forward between his front line companies, Maj. Miller inspired his men by his personal courage, and they again pressed on toward the hostile position. As this officer led the renewed attack he was shot in the right leg, but he nevertheless staggered forward at the head of 205 his command. Soon afterwards he was again shot in the right arm, but he continued the charge, personally cheering his troops on through the heavy machine gun fire. Just before the objective was reached he received a wound in the abdomen which forced him to the ground, but he continued to urge his men on, telling them to push on to the next ridge and leave him where he lay. He died from his wounds a few days later. (W. D. G. O. 16, Sec. Ill, Jan. 22, 1919.) U. S. DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL William D. Davis, colonel, Infantry, United States Army. For excep- tionally meritorious and distinguished services. He served with marked success as commanding officer of the 361st Infantry, displaying military attainments of a high order. Inspiring his men by his faithful devotion to duty, he proved a potent factor in the achievements of the 91st Division. While ably directing his regiment in action during the early part of Novem- ber he was killed by an enemy shell. (W. D. G. O. 98, Sec. V, Aug. 2, 1919.) U. S. DISTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS W. D. Davis, colonel, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 26 to October 2, 1918. He displayed distinguished gallantry in leading and directing his front line in the four days' advance on Gesnes, and in the four following days, holding the front line, under heavy shell fire. During this period his regiment was suffering heavy casualties, but he remained constantly with the front line, encourag- ing his men by his presence to hold out under this most dangerous and trying condition of warfare. Twice wounded, he remained in command of the regiment throughout the entire action until it was finally relieved on October 12th. (W. D. G. O. 139, Sec. I, Dec. 24, 1918.) Avery D. Cummings, colonel, 181st Infantry Brigade. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 29, 1918. During the attack on Gesnes, he, then a lieutenant colonel, in addition to performing his regular duties as brigade adjutant, 181st Brigade, went forward with the front line of attack, directing the organization and outposting of the front line after Gesnes and the army objective beyond it had been captured. All of the senior officers of the assaulting regiment having been killed or wounded in the attack on Gesnes he unhesitatingly organized the scattered elements of the regiment, and pushed the attack home to final success. (W. D. G. O. 139, Sec. I, Dec. 24, 1918.) (As the above award was earned before Colonel Cummings joined the regiment it is not included in the summary and number of individual awards won by members of the regiment, but it is reprinted here because of its evident interest to the regiment as having been won by the Colonel who shortly thereafter became its commanding officer.) George W. Farwell, major, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 28-29, 1918. He displayed ex- ceptional personal bravery in leading his command to the capture of enemy positions near Gesnes, France, September 28-29, 1918. In each of these 206 actions his troops were subjected to heavy artillery bombardment and ma- chine gun fire, but due to his coolness and the inspiration of his personal leadership and bravery his battalion in each instance captured and held the positions attacked. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. V, Jan. 30, 1919.) William J. Potter, major, formerly commanding officer, Company L, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Eclisfontaine, France, September 28, 1918. After being painfully wounded by a shell fragment during the night, Major Potter, then captain, refused to go to the rear, and organized his company for an attack and led it in the advance under heavy machine gun and artillery fire, freely exposing himself and cheering his men by his presence until he was a second time wounded thru the lungs, even then refusing to be evacuated until the company was organ- ized and properly turned over to his successor for another attack which was then impending. (Official copy, but reference to W. D. orders not available.) Major Paul F. Brown, Medical Detachment, 361st Infantry. For extra- ordinary heroism in action near Eclisfontaine, France, on the night of Sep- tember 26-27, 1918. Major Brown, then Captain, voluntarily advanced in front of our lines for the purpose of rescuing the wounded left in advance of the new lines by the retirement of a unit of the regiment. Due to his efforts fourteen wounded Americans were brought safely back to our lines. (Official copy, but reference to W. D. orders not available.) Campbell Burke, captain, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 9, 1918. The battalion which Capt. Burke commanded was ordered to attack a position on Hill 255 under terrific machine gun and artillery fire. His coolness and personal example contributed largely to the success of the battalion and enabled it to capture substantially the entire objective. He was severely wounded in this en- gagement. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Louis Jansen, first lieutenant, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Epinonville, France, September 26, 1918. When the advance of his battalion was held up by an enemy machine gun nest, Lieut. Jansen, accompanied by a soldier, crossed the enemy wire, took the position, killed one of the enemy, and captured four prisoners and two machine guns. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VI, Jan. 30, 1919.) Abraham Thorf, supply sergeant, Company B, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 28, 1918. Although badly wounded, he crawled 500 meters under heavy shell fire to deliver important papers to his company commander. (W. D. G. O. 21, Sec. I, Feb. 1, 1919.) Daniel J. O'Keefe, corporal, Company B, 361st Infantry. For extra- ordinary heroism in action near Epinonville, France, September 27, 1918. When half of his platoon were on a hillside under heavy machine gun and snipers fire, he effectively covered the withdrawal with his automatic rifle. (W. D. G. O. 15, Sec. IV, Jan. 21, 1919.) Regnvald Johnson, cook, Company B, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 29th to October 1, 1918. Under heavy shell fire and badly wounded, he constantly assisted for three 207 days in cooking for an entire battalion in the front line. (W. D. G O. 139, Sec. I, Dec. 24, 1918.) Ivan Y. Bailey, private, 1st Battalion Intelligence Section (Company B), 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 10, 1918. While on a liaison patrol, Pvt. Bailey and Corpl. Carl G. Theobald attacked and captured a hostile machine gun nest and its entire crew. Pvt. Bailey then took the prisoners across No Man's Land to our lines under machine gun fire. (W. D. G. O. 37, Sec. VI, March 11, 1919.) William N. Kouts, sergeant, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extra- ordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 26, 1918. Sergt. Kouts, together with two other soldiers, captured 3 enemy ma- chine guns and 26 prisoners. (W. D. G. O. 37, Sec. VII, March 11, 1919.) Arthur P. Zimmerman, sergeant, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 3, 1918. He voluntarily and unhesitatingly left shelter under heavy shell fire and, with- out thought of personal danger, rendered first aid and carried a wounded comrade to a place of safety. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Hjalmar Froman, corporal, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extra- ordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 3, 1918. He voluntarily and unhesitatingly left shelter under heavy shell fire and, with- out thought of personal danger, rendered first aid and carried a wounded comrade to a place of safety. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Jesse L. King, corporal, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 26, 1918. Corpl. King, together with two other soldiers captured 3 enemy machine guns and 26 prisoners. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VI, Jan. 30, 1919.) Leo L. Ross, corporal, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 26, 1918. When the advance of his battalion was held up by an enemy machine gun nest, Corpl. Ross, in company with an officer crossed the enemy wire, took the position and captured 4 prisoners and 2 machine guns. On the same day, accompanied by two other soldiers, he captured 3 machine guns and 26 prisoners. (W. D. G. 0. 32, Sec. V, Mar. 1, 1919.) Carl G. Theobald, corporal, 1st Battalion Intelligence Section (Com- pany D), 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 10, 1918. While on a liaison patrol, Corpl. Theobald and Pvt. Ivan Y. Bailey attacked and captured a hostile machine gun nest and its entire crew. (W. D. G. O. 37, Sec. VI, Mar. 11, 1919.) Joseph A. Wallace, corporal, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extra- ordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 3, 1918. While his company was under heavy shell fire, he voluntarily, unhesitatingly and repeatedly left his shelter under heavy shell fire, without thought of per- sonal danger, rendered first aid and carried wounded comrades to a place of safety. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Henry N. Benoit, private 1st class, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism near Gesnes, France, 26th September-4th October, 208 1918. During eight days of action while acting in the capacity of runner between his company and battalion headquarters, Pvt. Benoit was con- stantly subjected to a heavy shell fire, but performed his mission without thought of personal danger, carrying the many messages promptly and suc- cessfully. (Official copy, but reference to W. D. orders not available.) Victor A. Carley, private, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 3, 1918. He voluntarily and unhesitatingly left shelter under heavy shell fire and, without thought of personal danger, rendered first aid and carried a wounded comrade to a place of safety. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Joseph S. Leeb, private, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 3, 1918. He voluntarily and unhesitatingly left shelter under heavy shell fire, and without thought of personal danger, rendered first aid and carried a wounded comrade to a place of safety. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Gilbert Straabe, private, Company D, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 3, 1918. He voluntarily and unhesitatingly left shelter under heavy shell fire and without thought of personal danger, rendered first aid and carried a wounded comrade to a place of safety. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) R. Roselli, private, Company F, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary hero- ism in action near Epinonville, France, 4th October, 1918. Accompanying a patrol on a reconnaissance, Pvt. Roselli penetrated enemy positions, the exploit being accomplished under heavy fire. Although wounded, Pvt. Roselli returned with valuable information regarding the positions of enemy machine gun nests, and snipers' posts. (Official copy, but reference to W. D. orders not available.) Richard M. Kirk, sergeant, Company H, 361st Infantry. For extra- ordinary heroism in action at Audenarde, Belgium, November 1, 1918. He was a member of a patrol sent out to reconnoiter the town of Audenarde. This patrol discovered several enemy machine gun sniper posts, located in buildings which were enfilading the streets of the town. Taking another soldier with him and dodging from building to building, he entered one of these houses and captured two machine gunners. (W. D. G. O. 21, Sec. I, Feb. 1, 1919.) Ernest R. Ball, corporal, Company H, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action at Epinonville, France, 29th September, 1918. While his company was being harrassed by enemy snipers hidden in imitation tanks, Pvt. Ball, without aid went forward, and succeeded in killing one and capturing another. (Official copy, but reference to W. D. orders not available.) John W. Cramer, corporal, Company H, 361st Infantry. For extra- ordinary heroism in action at Audenarde, Belgium, November 1, 1918. He was a member of a patrol sent out to reconnoiter the town of Audenarde. This patrol discovered several enemy machine gun sniper posts, located in buildings, which were enfilading the streets of the town. With another soldier, he dodged from building to building and entering one of the houses 209 containing a machine gun, captured two machine gunners. (W. D. G. O. 21, Sec. I, Feb. 1, 1919.) Wallace Smith, private, Company I, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 28 to October 1, 1918. Although twice wounded, he stayed out in front under heavy machine gun and artillery fire, and helped to take back within our lines wounded com- rades, who otherwise would have fallen into the hands of the enemy. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Howard M. Wight, private, Company I, 361st Infantry. For extra- ordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 28, 1919. When his battalion withdrew after attacking a hostile position under heavy fire, Pvt. Wight, instead of falling back, organized a party and in the face of intense machine gun fire, rescued 15 wounded soldiers who would have otherwise have fallen into the hands of the enemy. He placed the wounded men in a gravel pit and remained the entire night, administering first aid, despite the fact that he himself was nearly exhausted after 3 days of fight- ing. (W. D. G. O. 15, Sec. VI, Jan. 21, 1919.) Nat R. Smith, sergeant, Company K, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 28, 1918. He success- fully led his patrol, in the face of heavy machine gun fire (being a point direct) in order to make better reconnaissance, and although severely wounded, continued to lead his patrol. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) John Rees, sergeant, Company M, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 29, 1918. He fearlessly led his platoon in the face of murderous fire in an attack on a machine gun nest, and by his personal example contributed largely to the success of the attack by his platoon. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Julius O. Yuill, sergeant, Company M, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Epinonville, France, September 26, 1918. Accom- panied by one man, Sergt. Yuill went forward to a German trench and bombed it, killing a German officer and two soldiers and held the trench until reinforced by a party of four. Fearing that the Germans in the trench would escape, he led these men 500 meters through sniper and machine gun fire, cut off their means of escape, and captured 27 prisoners. On the same day he killed an officer who, with 2 men, was attempting to set up a machine gun to ambush the command group. He followed the two men into their dugout and killed one of them, and with the help of other mem- bers of the command thoroughly mopped up the place. (W. D. G. O. 32, Sec. VII, March 1, 1919.) Roy E. Watson, bugler, Company M, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 29 to October 3, 1918. Without any thought of personal danger, he repeatedly carried messages over ground swept by shell and machine gun fire, delivering his messages with utmost promptness. (W. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Howard Craven, battalion sergeant-major, Headquarters Company, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, Sep- tember 26, 1918. Although wounded, he remained on duty and during 210 the heaviest bombardment of the battalion command post, reorganized and kept under control the liaison section, which was essential to the success- ful operation of the battalion. He constantly exposed himself to danger and rendered service of great value. (\V. D. G. O. 20, Sec. VII, Jan. 30, 1919.) Ralph Ethier, sergeant, Headquarters Company, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 26, 1918. He was in charge of the signal section attached to the attacking battalion; he displayed remarkable coolness and disregard for personal danger in bring- ing the battalion telephone line through heavy artillery and machine gun fire to the ridge which was being attacked and there established com- munication with regimental headquarters. (W. D. G. O. 13, Sec. VII, Jan. 18, 1919.) (Note: This occurred on September 28th, not 26th.) Michael Carter, corporal, Headquarters Company, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September 28, 1918. While attached to the signal section of the attacking battalion he repeatedly spliced telephone wires in the midst of heavy artillery and machine gun fire during the attack, displaying at all times exceptional coolness and personal bravery and aiding materially in maintaining communication between bat- talion and regimental command posts. (W. D. G. O. 15, Sec. VI, Jan. 21, 1919.) FRENCH CROIX DE GUERRE (Unofficial translations of official French citations furnished to the editor by the Adjutant General of the Army, but the exact reference to the order containing the citation has not been available except where stated.) Francois Trouchet, 1st Lieutenant, 361st American Regiment of Infantry. Wounded during the advance from the Lys to the Escaut from October 30 to November 4, 1918, he nevertheless continued for three days to assure the delivery of rations to his battalion under conditions particularly difficult and under heavy shell fire. (Extract from orders from Headquarters French Armies of the East, February 8, 1919 — With Bronze Star.) James R. McLaughlin, 1st lieutenant, 361st Infantry. For exceptional services under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, November 3d and 4th, 1918. During these engagements he performed highly valuable services as Batal- lion Adjutant under heavy artillery bombardment. (With Bronze Star.) Frank R. Johnston, 1st lieutenant, 361st Infantry. He distinguished himself in the engagement near Bevere, Belgium, on November 1st, 1918, by commanding his platoon with ability and success on the firing line in spite of the direct fire of the enemy's artillery and the enfilading fire of their machine guns. (With Bronze Star.) John W. Beard, 1st Lieutenant, Chaplain of 361st American Regiment of Infantry. An officer of highest merit and of remarkable courage. Charged with the burial of the dead on November 5, 1918, he accomplished his mission in spite of the danger threatening his men under a most heavy shell fire. (Divisional citation in Order No. 13.313 "D" of the General Head- quarters of the French Armies of the East, February 8, 1919 — With Silver Star.) 211 Daniel J. O'Keefe (2290557), corporal, Company "B," 361st Infantry. A soldier of admirable courage. When half of his platoon found itself on a hillside under heavy fire, he successfully covered the withdrawal of his detachment with his automatic rifle. (With Gilt Star.) Regnvald Johnson (2256921), cook, Company "B," 361st Infantry. A soldier of admirable courage. Under heavy fire and while severely wounded he steadfastly assisted for three days in operating the kitchens for a batal- lion in the front line. (With Gilt Star.) Ivan Bailey, private, 1st Battalion Intelligence Section (Company "B"), 361st Infantry. He particularly distinguished himself in the course of the engagement near Gesnes, France, on October 10, 1918. When on a liaison patrol with Corpl. Carl G. Theobald he attacked and captured a hostile machine gun nest and brought his prisoners from No Man's Land to his own line under machine gun fire. (With Gilt Star.) Richard L. Smith, 1st sergeant, Company "C," 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism under fire near Wortegem, Belgium, on November 2, 1918. During this action, at a time when a platoon commander had been mortally wounded, he reorganized the platoon and led it forward in spite of machine gun and artillery fire. (With Gilt Star.) Frank C. Emow, sergeant, Company "C," 361st Infantry. For excep- tional services under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, on November 2, 1918. During these engagements he showed much ability and bravery in reorganiz- ing a platoon and in leading its advance under a heavy machine gun fire and violent bombardment. (With Silver Star.) John A. Boyd, corporal, Company "C," 361st Infantry. He distinguished himself in the engagement near Wortegem (Belgium), on November 1, 1918, where he showed great personal bravery in organizing and main- taining liaison with the neighboring elements in the front line in spite of a heavy machine gun fire and of direct artillery fire. (With Bronze Star.) William Kouts, sergeant, Company "D," 361st Infantry. For great courage displayed at Gesnes, France, on September 26, 1918. Sergt. Kouts accompanied by but two men captured 26 prisoners and 3 enemy machine guns. (With Gilt Star.) Hjalmar Froman, corporal, Company "D," 361st Infantry. A soldier of admirable courage. Under a heavy artillery fire he left his shelter volun- tarily and without hesitation and disregarding the danger gave first aid to a wounded man whom he carried to the shelter. (With Gilt Star.) Joseph A. Wallace (2257240), corporal, Company "D," 361st Infantry. A soldier of admirable courage. Seeing his company under a violent artillery fire he repeatedly and voluntarily left his shelter without hesitation, and gave first aid to wounded comrades whom he had carried to the shelter. (With Gilt Star.) Victor A. Carley, private, Company "D," 361st Infantry, 91st Division. A soldier of admirable courage. He left his shelter voluntarily and with- out hesitation under a violent artillery fire and forgetful of the danger he gave first aid to a wounded man and carried him to safety. (With Gilt Star.) Raymond J. Hague, 1st sergeant, Company "E," 361st Infantry. For exceptional bravery near Wortegem, Belgium, November 1, 1918. During 212 these engagements he showed great valor and much ability in organizing the position of a platoon under violent machine gun fire and an intense bombardment. (With Gilt Star.) Harmon T. Draney, private 1st class, Company "E," 361st Infantry (de- ceased). He performed most admirably the duties of a liaison agent during the course of the engagements of October 30 to November 4, 1918, between the Lys and the Escaut. He was killed in carrying out a mission entrusted to him. (With Bronze Star.) Everette H. Little, private 1st class, Company "F," 361st Infantry. For exceptional services under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, November 2, 1918. During these engagements he performed his duties as a liaison agent with much courage and ability under violent machine gun and artillery fire. (With Bronze Star.) Thomas Stave, private 1st class, Company "F," 361st Infantry. He distinguished himself in the engagements near Wortegem and Audenarde, Belgium, between the 1st and 3rd of November, 1918, by discharging his duties as a runner with courage and success under a violent artillery and machine gun fire. (With Bronze Star.) Enos Subia, sergeant, Company "G," 361st Infantry. For exceptional bravery under fire near Wortegem, Belgium, October 31, 1918. During these engagements, although wounded, he continued in command of his platoon under a heavy barrage fire. (With Gilt Star.) Royal Oatfield, corporal, Company "G," 361st Infantry. For excep- tional services under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, November 1, 1918. During this action, although wounded, he remained at the head of his patrol, located a machine gun and furnished useful information to his company commander. (With Gilt Star.) Richard M. Kirk, sergeant, Company "H," 361st American Regiment of Infantry. Sergeant Kirk especially distinguished himself November 1, 1918, as a leader of a patrol into Audenarde while it was still occupied by detachments of the enemy. He gained entrance into a house from which a machine gun held the street under its enfilading fire and he thus captured the gun crew. (Corps citation in Order 13.312 "D" of the General Headquarters of the French Armies of the East, February 7, 1919 — With Gilt Star.) Allen L. Passenger, sergeant, Company "H," 361st Infantry. For his brilliant display of bravery under fire November 1, 1918, near Wortegem, Belgium, when his platoon had been separated from the rest of his unit by violent machine gun fire. Sergt. Passenger with much ability and bravery, led his platoon through the barrage and thus aided the advance of his entire company. (With Palm.) Patrick J. Sparrow, sergeant, Company "H," 361st Infantry. For ex- ceptional services under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, November 1, 1918. During this action he showed great personal courage and excellent aptitude for command in leading his platoon through a violent barrage. (With Bronze Star.) John W. Cramer, corporal, Company "H," 361st American Regiment of Infantry. A corporal of great bravery. On November 1, 1918, he took 213 part in a patrol which encountered several machine gun emplacements where the guns held the streets of the City of Audenarde under their en- filading fire. Slipping from house to house, he succeeded in entering one of these machine gun positions and there capturing a machine gun and its crew. (Corps citation in Order No. 13.312 "D" of the General Headquarters of the French Armies of the East, February 7, 1919— With Gilt Star.) Thomas R. Burns, sergeant, Company "I," 361st Infantry. For excep- tional service under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, November 2, 1918. During these engagements he displayed much ability and bravery in per- forming his functions as a patrol leader under direct artillery fire. (With Bronze Star.) Marshall V. Gano, sergeant, Company "I," 361st Infantry. For excep- tional services under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, November 2, 1918. During these engagements he showed much courage and devotion in keep- ing his unit supplied with food under a violent bombardment. (With Bronze Star.) Floyd T. Williams, sergeant, Company "I," 361st Infantry. For excep- tional services under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, November 2, 1918. During this action he gave proof of great bravery and he showed great com- petency in keeping his company supplied with food while under a constant bombardment. (With Bronze Star.) Roy Wright, sergeant, Company "I," 361st Infantry. He distinguished himself in the engagement near Audenarde, Belgium, November 2, 1918, by organizing a close liaison service between his unit and the neighboring unit of the 37th Division under the most difficult and dangerous circum- stances. (With Bronze Star.) Berthel L. Nelson, corporal, Company "I," 361st Infantry. For excep- tional services near Audenarde, Belgium, November 4, 1918. During his engagement, he showed much courage and ability as a picked marksman operating against the enemy machine gunners and sharpshooters. (With Bronze Star.) Wallace Smith (2294204), private, Company "I," 361st Infantry. A soldier of admirable courage. Twice wounded himself, he remained in the first line under a violent fire and helped to bring back within our lines wounded men who would have fallen into the hands of the enemy. (With Gilt Star.) Howard M. Wight (2294304), private, Company "I," 361st Infantry. A soldier of admirable courage. When his battalion withdrew after having made an attack, Pvt. Wight instead of falling back, gathered together several men, and under a violent fire, saved 15 wounded men who would have fallen into the hands of the enemy. He placed the wounded men in a somewhat sheltered spot and remained the entire night administering first aid in spite of his exhaustion after three days of battle. (With Gilt Star.) Nat R. Smith (2258138), sergeant, Company "K," 361st Infantry. A non-commissioned officer of admirable courage. He successfully led his patrol beyond the fixed objective, in the face of a violent machine gun fire, in order better to reconnoiter the area; and, although severely wounded he remained in command of his patrol. (With Gilt Star.) 214 Owen B. Larken, private 1st class, Company "K," 361st Infantry. Near Wortegem, Belgium, from the 1st to 4th of November, 1918, he courage- ously and constantly for 12 hours performed the functions of a battalion liaison agent. (With Bronze Star.) James E. Poole, 1st sergeant, Company "L," 361st Infantry. For his brilliant display of bravery under fire, November 2, 1918, near Audenarde, Belgium. Although wounded he remained at his post and helped to direct his company through the city which was under violent bombardment. (With Gilt Star.) John F. Morton, mess sergeant, Company "L," 361st Infantry. He dis- tinguished himself near Audenarde, Belgium, November 2, 1918, by suc- ceeding in keeping his company supplied with warm food in spite of a violent bombardment. (With Bronze Star.) Oscar Wistrand, private, Company "L," 361st Infantry. For exceptional bravery under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, November 4, 1918. Acting as a scout he established an observation post on the bank of the Escaut and with his rifle temporarily silenced the fire of the enemy, thus permitting other men to take similar positions. (With Gilt Star.) Boss Burrell, corporal, Company "M," 361st Infantry. He distinguished himself in the engagement near Bevere, Belgium, in November, 1918, where he displayed great courage in taking 3 German prisoners in the village. (With Bronze Star.) John William Young, bugler, Company "M," 361st Infantry. For ex- ceptional services during the engagements around Audenarde, Belgium, of the 1st to 4th of November, 1918. During the attack and occupation of that city, he rendered excellent and most important services as a company runner, remaining 72 hours without sleep. (With Silver Star.) David W. Bryant, battalion sergeant major, Headquarters Company, 361st Infantry. For exceptional services at Bevere, Belgium, on November 1, 1918. The liaison officer having been wounded during the engagement, Sergt.-Maj. Bryant in addition to his own duties assumed the duties of the liaison officer and by his indefatigable energy kept the detachment up to the demands of its task throughout a period of 48 hours. (With Bronze Star.) Howard Craven, battalion sergeant-major (1st Bn.), Headquarters Com- pany, 361st Infantry. A non-commissioned officer of admirable courage. Although wounded, he remained at his post and during a bombardment of exceptional violence directed against the battalion P. C. he reorganized and kept in hand the liaison detachment which was indispensable to success. At all times he exposed himself to danger and rendered signal services. (With Gilt Star.) Ralph Ethier, sergeant, Headquarters Company, 361st Infantry, 91st Division. A non-commissioned officer of admirable courage. Having been placed in command of the liaison detachment attached to the attacking bat- talion, he displayed remarkable coolness and disregard of danger in pushing the battalion telephone line through an intense fire up to the ridge which was being attacked and in establishing liaison with the regimental head- quarters. (With Gilt Star.) 215 Michael Carter, corporal, Headquarters Company, 361st Infantry, 91st Division. A soldier of admirable courage. Having been attached to the liaison detachment of the attacking battalion he several times repaired the telephone lines under intense fire, constantly giving proof of exceptional coolness and courage and contributed toward the maintenance of com- munication between the regiment and battalion P. C's. (With Gilt Star.) James M. Herron, Private, Headquarters Company, 361st American Regi- ment of Infantry. Under heavy shell fire he assured the serviceability of the telephone lines during the advance from the Lys to the Escaut from October 30th to November 4th, 1918. (Regimental citation in Order No. 13.314 "D" of the General Headquarters for the French Army of the East, February 8, 1919— With Bronze Star.) Harold Martin, private 1st class, Machine Gun Company, 361st Infantry. For exceptional services under fire near Audenarde, Belgium, from the 1st to 4th of November, 1918. During these engagements he showed much ability and bravery as a liaison agent. (With Bronze Star.) Elmer E. Sharp, private 1st class, Machine Gun Company, 361st Infantry. For exceptional services under fire, near Audenarde, Belgium, November 2, 1918. During these engagements he performed the functions of a liaison agent under a violent bombardment with much ability and courage. (With Bronze Star.) BELGIAN CROIX DE GUERRE The following awards of this decoration, all made on December 17, 1918, are accompanied by identical individual citations in the following form: "For extraordinary heroism and gallantry in action during the advance from the LYS to beyond the SCHELDT River, in the vicinity of AUDEN- ARDE, Belgium, October 31 to November 3, 1918." Major Ora Goodpaster, Commanding 2nd Battalion. Major Friend S. Dickinson, Commanding 3rd Battalion. Captain Harold H. Burton, Regimental Operations Officer. Captain Fred B. Coleman, M. C, serving with 3rd Battalion. 1st Lieutenant Charles H. Hudelson, commanding Company "C." 1st Lieutenant David A. Bissett, commanding Company "I." Corporal William H. Annette, Company "C." Private 1st Class Fred A. L. Pearson, Company "C." Corporal Roy A. Thompson, Company "G." Private 1st Class Karl Snyder, Company "H." Sergeant George A. McDonald, Company "I." Sergeant John Schwartz, Company "L." Private 1st Class John G. Linse, Company "L." Sergeant Millard J. Easter, Company "M." Sergeant Roy W. Haysley, Company "M." Corporal Earl F. Hughes, Machine Gun Company. Corporal Edward F. Seaman, Headquarters Company. 216 The following additional awards of the Belgian Croix de Guerre are accompanied by special individual citations as quoted separately in each case: Sergeant Grafton C. Pearce, Company "E," 361st Infantry. For excep- tional bravery in action during the advance on AUDENARDE, Belgium, October 31 to November 4, 1918. Sergt. Pearce organized and personally led reconnoitering patrols into AUDENARDE while the town was being heavily shelled by the enemy and while enemy snipers were active, gaining much valuable information. Private 1st Class Earl A. Murray, Company "E," 361st Infantry. For bravery in action during the advance on AUDENARDE, Belgium, October 31 to November 4, 1918. As a runner, he was frequently required to deliver messages through heavy enemy shell fire and was absolutely fearless in the performance of this duty. Private Jesse A. Newlun, Company "H," 361st Infantry. For con- spicuous bravery at AUDENARDE, Belgium, November 1, 1918. Pvt. Newlun, in charge of a patrol, entered AUDENARDE and gained valuable information as to location of spies. He located and captured a German sniper and his wife who was with him as a spy after two civilians who had volunteered to guide him had been killed. Private 1st Class Paul F. Rein, Company "M," 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action during the YPRES-LYS offensive, October 31 to November 11, 1918. Pvt. Rein carried messages under very heavy shelling from his outpost to the Company Post of Command. This caused him to be under direct observation of the enemy and subjected him to sniper fire. Battalion Sergeant-Major David W. Bryant, Headquarters Company, 361st Infantry. For exceptional coolness in action in moving the battalion command group forward during the advance on AUDENARDE, Belgium, November 1, 1918. In the absence of officers, who were working in the front line or had become casualties, Sergt-Maj. Bryant took charge of the Headquarters Group, led it through shell fire and with good judgment selected and established the new post of command. Private Mathew L. Eckert, Medical Detachment, 361st Infantry. For extraordinary heroism under terrific shell fire on the night of November 3, 1918, at AUDENARDE, Belgium, where he established and maintained a first-aid station, unassisted. U. S. ARMY MERITORIOUS CITATION CERTIFICATES (Without Decorations) After demobilization of the regiment, General John J. Pershing, as Commander-in-Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces, issued United States Army Citation Certificates to the members of the regiment listed below. These citations were not published in general orders and were not accompanied by the award of any decorations but evidently were based upon 217 certain recommendations which had been submitted by Colonel Davis in October, 1918. Harold H. Burton, Captain, 361st Infantry. For exceptionally meritorious and conspicuous services during the Argonne Offensive. Fred L. Brace, 1st Lieutenant, 361st Infantry. For exceptionally meri- torious and conspicuous services near Eclisfontaine, France, September 26- October 4, 1918. Fred B. Coleman, 1st Lieutenant, 361st Infantry. For exceptionally meritorious and conspicuous services during the Meuse Argonne Offensive. Edward A. Valentine, 2nd Lieutenant, 361st Infantry. For exceptionally meritorious and conspicuous services during the Argonne Offensive. Ernest K. Murray, 2nd Lieutenant, 361st Infantry. For exceptionally meritorious and conspicuous services during the Argonne Offensive. Joseph T. Longfellow, Color Sergt. Hdqrs. Co., 361st Infantry. For ex- ceptionally meritorious and conspicuous services during the Argonne Offensive. Charles W. Hudson, Corpl., Hdqrs. Co., 361st Infantry. For exception- ally meritorious and conspicuous services during the Argonne Offensive. DIVISIONAL CITATIONS IN GENERAL ORDERS (With Silver Stars) The following men were cited in Division General Orders as quoted below, the wording of the general citation at the head of the list was in each case almost identical in form, the only changes being purely formal (such as to insert a list of the regiments, etc., which had representatives named in that particular General Order instead of referring to the men, as is done below, merely as members of the division.) The general citation here quoted is in the exact wording used in G. O. 6, Hq. 91st Div. 27 January, 1919: "The following officers and enlisted men of this division having been recommended by their superior officers for citation in orders announcing exceptional efficiency and fidelity in discharging their duties under fire, and such recommendations having been approved by the commanding officer of their respective organizations, their names are placed on the Honor Roll of the 91st Division as members thereof, whose example can well be imitated by officers and enlisted men of the division. Their real reward consists of a realization by them that they have conscientiously discharged the duties imposed upon them. Publication of this order is not intended as a reward for them but as a stimulus to other officers and men of the division to imitate their conduct: MEUSE-ARGONNE G. O. 35, Sec. I. Hq. 91st Div. A. E. F. October 30, 1918 Roscoe V. F. Brightbill, 1st Lieutenant, Company "A," Oct. 9. Efficient leading of company under fire. G. B. Appelman, 1st Lieutenant, Company "B," Oct. 9. Efficiency and coolness in handling company under fire. 218 H. P. Hoffman, 1st Lieutenant, Company "E," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Effi- ciency in handling company under fire. Frederick T. Fairchild, 1st Lieutenant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Walter F. Davis, 1st Lieutenant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Effi- cient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Uil Lane, 2nd Lieutenant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. B. M. Berto, Sergeant, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. John Brackett, Sergeant, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. C. V. Smith, Sergeant, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. Ralph Ethier, Sergeant, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. Michael Carter, Corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. Iver Syverstad, Corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. W. Everitt, Corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. J. E. Bryant, Corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. S. W. Christy, Corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. Frank Ward, Corporal, Headquarters Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Re- paired and maintained lines under fire. James Erickson, Corporal, Headquarters Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. E. G. Woodworth, Private 1st Class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. K. R. Mueller, Private 1st Class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. O. Angoli, Jr., Private 1st Class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Re- paired and maintained lines under fire. H. Eklund, Private 1st Class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Re- paired and maintained lines under fire. F. Phillips, Private 1st Class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Re- paired and maintained lines under fire. H. Pounds, Private 1st Class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Re- paired and maintained lines under fire. 219 H. W. Moellering, Private 1st Class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. G. R. Pickens, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. W. A. Thomas, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. E. L. Morton, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. Lief Erickson, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. H. A. Adler, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. C. R. Caverley, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. E. J. Frasier, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. B. Casteel, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. E. H. Stone, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. G. W. Krause, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3. Repaired and maintained lines under fire. A. Pugmire, Private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3 . Repaired and maintained lines under fire. Isaac E. Locke, Private, Headquarters Company, Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Per- formed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. LeRoy Templeton, Private, Headquarters Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient performance of duty as runner during heavy shell fire. Roy E. Bozarth, Private, Headquarters Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Re- paired and maintained lines under fire. Harry Arthur, Private, Company "A," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Ernest W. Strickler, Private, Company "A," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. N. B. Wilson, Private, Company "A," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient per- formance of duty as runner during heavy shell fire. Reginald A. Perks, Private, "Company "A," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient performance of duty as runner during heavy shell fire. Geo. F. Maguire, Private 1st Class, Company "B," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. 220 John Reinerts, Private 1st Class, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Effi- cient performance of duty as runner during heavy shell fire. Albert W. Prinzing, Private, Company "B," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Frank S. Hart, Private, Company "B," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Frank Gendrow, Private, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient performance of duty as runner during heavy shell fire. Lloyd C. Rapp, Corporal, Company "C," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Louis Offield, Private 1st Class, Company "C," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Effi- cient performance of duty as runner during heavy shell fire. James H. Harris, Private, Company "C," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Wilbur J. Riddell, Private 1st Class, Company "D," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient performance of duty as runner during heavy shell fire. Clarence P. Brownfield, Private, Company "D," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Per- formed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Louis Stellmach, Private, Company "E," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. A. J. Sambrakes, Private, Company "E," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient performance of duties under shell fire. Thomas W. Peters, Private, Company "E," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Marked bravery in efficient performance of duty as scout. Andrew P. Nyborg, Private, Company "E," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Marked bravery in efficient performance of duty as scout. Thomas M. Strachan, 1st Sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Effi- cient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Nels E. Saari, Sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Samuel A. Davis, Sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. William H. Butterworth, Sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Effi- cient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Neal D. Stoddard, Sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Samuel Lezak, Sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. 221 Harry P. Stanton, Sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Frank J. Hamelius, Corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. John C. Cudd, Corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Cecil A. Mohr, Corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Thadeus A. Swartz, Corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Otto F. Boye, Corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Wm. Waterstradt, Private 1st Class, Company "F," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Per- formed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. William Galbreath, Private 1st Class, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Robert Shields, Private 1st Class, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Effi- cient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Arthur N. Farnham, Private 1st Class, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. W. E. Stevens, Private, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Clarence L. Jones, Private, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Everett P. Ritchie, Private, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Orlando B. Hardy, 1st Sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Effi- cient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Thomas Greenlees, Sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. William L. Jordan, Sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Enos Subia, Sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. John B. Calmus, Sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Roy A. Scott, Corporal, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. William A. Allan, Mechanic, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Cecil H. Draper, Bugler, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. 222 Patrick M. Hennessy, Bugler, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Edward Sagen, Private 1st Class, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Effi- cient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Oscar C. Martin, Private 1st Class, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Effi- cient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Raymond \V. Miller, Private, Company "G," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. R. A. Thompson, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient per- formance of duties under shell fire. Thomas K. Thomsen, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Raymond E. Coulter, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Rudolph W. Soule, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Pete Carnese, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Albert Erickson, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Lester L. Fletcher, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. William B. Tipps, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Arthur Broughton, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Roy A. Thompson, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Eugene C. Tait, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Joseph H. Chrast, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Nick C. Cederson, Private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Byron A. Howard, Corporal, Company "H," Oct. 7-9. Efficient per- formance of duty under fire. Paul N. Cozad, Private 1st Class, Company "H," Oct. 3-4. Carried messages between front lines and Regimental P. C. during severe barrage. Edward F. Weselch, Private, Company "H," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. George S. Wardell, Private, Company "H," Oct. 7-9. Efficient per- formance of duty under fire. 223 Samuel J. Heskings, Private, Company "I," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Ralph Crossman, Sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Faithful discharge of duties under heavy shell fire. Charles L. Simonson, Sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Ex- ceptionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. John A. Bartruff, Sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Excep- tionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. John V. Harrington, Sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Excep- tionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. William G. Monoghan, Sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Ex- ceptionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. Elbert R. Thurman, Sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Excep- tionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. David O. Anderson, Sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Ex- ceptionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. Carl B. Clear, Sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Exceptionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. Ivan W. Hoyt, Corporal, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Exceptionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. Mat L. Shadley, Corporal, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Excep- tionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. Marcus Guirado, Corporal, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Excep- tionally courageous and efficient conduct in action. Virgil Paxton, Private, Company "K," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Ira Wills, Private, Company "K," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying con- ditions. Hugh Toughill, Private, Company "L," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Ross Babcock, Private 1st Class, Company "L," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Per- formed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Glenn A. Mertz, Private, Company "L," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Oliver C. Phillips, Private, Company "L," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. 224 Payton W. Randall, Private, Company "M," Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Performed duty as member of Regimental Liaison Section under dangerous and trying conditions. Harry H. Kulukjien, Private, Company "M," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Excep- tional courage and fidelity in action under fire. Rudolph Sommers, Private, Company "M," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Exceptional courage and fidelity in action under fire. Otto J. Rohr, Private, Machine Gun Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient performance of duty as runner during heavy shell fire. G. O 39, Sec. I. Hq. 91st Div. A. E. F. November 12, 1918 Friend S. Dickinson, Captain, Commanding 3rd Battalion, Nov. 2-3. Efficient and courageous handling of his Battalion under fire. David A. Bissett, 1st Lieutenant, Company "I," Nov. 1-2. Efficiency in handling company under fire. James W. Herren, Private, Headquarters Company, Nov. 3. Repaired and maintained lines under heavy fire. G. O. 45, Sec. I. Hq. 91st Div. A. E. F. November 21, 1918 Howard D. Hughes, Captain, Company "A," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Excep- tional performance of duty under fire. Curtiss R. Gilbert, 1st Lieutenant, Company "F," Sept. 30. Exceptional performance of duty under fire. Cherrill R. Betterton, 1st Lieutenant, Company "E," Sept. 29. Excep- tional performance of duty under fire. Uil Lane, 2nd Lieutenant, Company "G," Sept. 29. Exceptional per- formance of duty under fire. Charley A. Jones, Sergeant, Company "A," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Albert I. Ossinger, Sergeant, Company "A," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Charles Smith, Sergeant, Company "A," Oct. 9. Efficient and courage- ous performance of duty under fire. Theron M. Blakely, Private 1st Class, Company "C," Oct. 2. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Raymond R. Rice, Private, Company "C," Sept. 28. Efficient and cour- ageous performance of duty under fire. William H. East, 1st Sergeant, Company "E," Sept. 26. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Clyde C. Boyce, Sergeant, Company "E," Sept. 26. Efficient and cour- ageous performance of duty under fire. John Melcher, Sergeant, Company "E," Sept. 26. Efficient and cour- ageous performance of duty under fire. 225 Raymond J. Hague, Sergeant, Company "E," Sept. 26. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Peter F. Kerrigan, Corporal, Company "F," Sept. 28. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Jack W. Whitney, Private, Company "F," Sept. 28. Efficient and cour- ageous performance of duty under fire. Peter L. DeRosselli, Private, Company "F," Oct. 4. Efficient and cour- ageous performance of duty under fire. Earnest W. Ball, Corporal, Company "H," Sept. 29. Efficient and cour- courageous performance of duty under fire. Jose G. Garcia, Private, Company "H," Sept. 29. Efficient and courage- ous performance of duty under fire. G. O. 51, Sec. I. Hq. 91st Div. A. E. F. November 29, 1918 Albert E. Ralstin, Corporal, Machine Gun Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 9. Efficient and courageous performance of duty as runner under fire. George M. Donovan, Private 1st Class, Machine Gun Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 9. Efficient and courageous performance of duty as runner under fire. BELGIUM G. O. 52, Sec. II. Hq. 91st Div. A. E. F. November 30, 1918 Richard L. Smith, Sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty while under heavy fire. John A. Boyd, Corporal, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty while under heavy fire. Joseph F. Desilet, Private 1st Class, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty while under heavy fire. Francis A. Hartman, Private 1st Class, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty while under heavy fire. Fred A. L. Pearson, Private 1st Class, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty while under heavy fire. Thomas J. Fox, Sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4. Although wounded, displayed great coolness and remained at his post directing platoon under heavy fire. Bruce E. Arnold, Sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4. Although wounded, displayed great coolness and remained at his post directing platoon under heavy fire. Otto T. Tomany, Sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under heavy fire. Frank C. Emow, Sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under heavy fire. Milton R. McCafferty, Corporal, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4. Under heavy fire, succeeded in delivering rations to members of his company on the front line. 226 MEUSE-ARGONNE and BELGIUM G. O. 53, Sec. I. Hq. 91st Div. A. E. F. December 2, 1918 Jean Champion, Captain Attached (French Army), Sept. 26-Nov. 11. Exceptionally meritorious and efficient services during the advance to and throughout the Argonne Offensive and the two attacks on AUDENARDE. Robert Guibert, 1st Lieutenant Attached (French Army), Sept. 26-Oct. 1 1 . Exceptionally meritorious and efficient service during advance to and throughout the Argonne Offensive. Emile Auguste Hauger, Adjutant Attached (French Army), Sept. 26- Nov. 11. Exceptionally meritorious and efficient performance of duty. BELGIUM G. O. 55, Sec. I. Hq. 91st Div.. A. E. F. December 4, 1918 Edmund T. Duvall, 1st Lieutenant, Company "G," Oct. 25-Nov. 4. Cour- ageous and efficient leadership under fire. Dayton Crandall, Sergeant, Company "G," Nov. 3. Courageous and efficient conduct under fire. Calvin F. Stouder, Sergeant, Company "G," Nov. 4. Courageous and efficient conduct under fire. Floyd J. Piper, Corporal, Company "G," Nov. 1. Highly courageous and efficient conduct under fire. Banner Zeek, Private 1st Class, Company "G," Nov. 4. Courageous and efficient performance of duty under fire. William C. Whitman, Private 1st Class, Company "G," Oct. 25-Nov. 4. Highly efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Richard L. Smith, Sergeant, Company "C," Nov. 1. Extraordinary hero- ism shown in action near AUDENARDE, BELGIUM. Thomas J. Fox, Sergeant, Company "C," Nov. 1. Extraordinary heroism shown in action near AUDENARDE, BELGIUM. Bruce E. Arnold, Sergeant, Company "C," Nov. 1. Extraordinary hero- ism shown in action near AUDENARDE, BELGIUM. John A. Boyd, Corporal, Company "C," Nov. 1. Extraordinary heroism shown in action near AUDENARDE, BELGIUM. Joseph F. Desilet, Private 1st Class, Company "C," Nov. 1. Extra- ordinary heroism shown in action near AUDENARDE, BELGIUM. Francis A. Hartman, Private 1st Class, Company "C," Nov. 1. Extra- ordinary heroism shown in action near AUDENARDE, BELGIUM. Fred A. L. Pearson, Private 1st Class, Company "C," Nov. 1. Extra- ordinary heroism shown in action near AUDENARDE, BELGIUM. Arthur N. Swanson, Sergeant, Supply Company, Oct. 31 -Nov. 2. Highly efficient performance of duty under fire. 227 Arthur L. Johnson, Corporal, Supply Company, Oct. 31. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Ernest M. Allen, Corporal, Supply Company, Oct. 31. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Axel R. Norgen, Corporal, Supply Company, Oct. 31. Efficient and courageous performance of duty under fire. Herbert Gilchrist, Wagoner, Supply Company, Oct. 31 -Nov. 2. Highly efficient performance of duty under fire. Frank A. Pierce, Wagoner, Supply Company, Oct. 31 -Nov. 2. Highly efficient performance of duty under fire. Harry E. Wood, Private 1st Class, Supply Company, Oct. 31 -Nov. 2. Highly efficient performance of duty under fire. Frederick W. Graden, Private, Supply Company, Nov. 2. Highly effi- cient performance of duty under fire. Joseph Tipton, Private, Supply Company, Nov. 2. Highly efficient per- formance of duty under fire. MEUSE-ARGONNE or BELGIUM G. O. 6, Sec. I. Hq. 91st Div. A. E. F. January 27, 1919 George V. J. Ramsdell, 2nd Lieutenant, Company "L," Sept. 28. For exceptional leadership and courage, while under heavy machine gun and artillery fire. Harmon T. Draney, Private 1st Class, Company "E," October 31-Nov. 4. Exceptionally efficient and faithful performance of duty under fire. Henry N. Benoit, Private 1st Class, Company "D," Sept. 29. Courage- oue and meritorious performance of duty under fire. Herbert Sutton, Private, Company "D," Oct. 10. Courageous and merit- orious performance of duty under fire. Frank J. McDonald, Sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 10. Courageous and meritorious performance of duty under fire. Carl M. Naseth, Private, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Courageous and meritorious performance of duty under fire. Martin J. Anderson, Sergeant, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Courage- ous and meritorious performance of duty under fire. Paul Hill, Mess Sergeant, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 4. Courageous and meritorious performance of duty under fire. Harry Jacobs, Cook, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 2. Courageous and meritorious performance of duty under fire. Alexander Rose, Cook, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 2. Courageous and meritorious performance of duty under fire. Charles R. Moulton, Regimental Sergeant Major, Hq. Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 12. Exceptionally efficient and faithful performance of duty under fire. 228 G. O. 25. Hq. 91st Div. Camp Merritt, New Jersey, April 19, 1919. (Note: Shortly after the return of the 91st Division to America the Commanding General issued Par. I, G. O. 25, Hq. 91st Div. April 19, 1919, with the apparent intent of relisting all previous citations in such a manner as expressly to confirm the right of the individuals cited to wear a recently authorized small silver star on the ribbon of the victory medal or on the victory service ribbon for each citation "in orders issued from the head- quarters of a force commanded by a general officer for gallantry in action not justifying the award of a medal of honor, distinguished service cross or distinguished service medal." The citations in this order have not been counted as additional citations in the tabulation of awards, but so much of the order as relates to citations of members of the 361st Infantry for service with that regiment, is here reproduced in full so as to furnish this additional evidence of the right of the individuals cited to wear the citation star. The reproduction is also in a measure made necessary because there exists a noticeable number of variations between the spelling of the names of individuals as originally cited and as here cited, and also because, through some presumably inadvertant errors, there were omitted from the General Order of April 19, 1919, four of the citations of members of the 361st Infantry which had appeared in the earlier orders.) "HEADQUARTERS 9 1ST DIVISION GENERAL ORDERS: Camp Merritt, New Jersey No. 25. April 19, 1919. I. Pursuant to paragraph 4, General Order No. 48, War Department, April 9, 1919, the following officers and men of this division having been recommended by their unit commanders for gallantry in action, and placed on the Honor Roll of the 91st Division, are announced as entitled to wear a silver star for each citation shown below: 36 1st Infantry Name Rank Organization Date Major Opr. Brightbill, R. V. F., 1st lieutenant, Company "A," Oct. 9-18. Meuse- Argonne. Appelman, G. B., 1st lieutenant, Company "B," Oct. 9-18. Meuse- Argonne. Hoffman, H. P., 1st lieutenant, Company "E," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Fairchild, F. T., 1st lieutenant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Davis, W. F., 1st lieutenant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Lane, Uil, 2nd lieutenant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. 229 Berto, B. M., sergeant, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Brackett, J., sergeant, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Smith, C. V., sergeant, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Ethier, R., sergeant, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Carter, M., corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Syverstad, I., corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Everitt, W., corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Bryant, J. E., corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Christy, S. W., corporal, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1-3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Ward, F., corporal, Headquarters Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Erickson, J., corporal, Headquarters Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Woodworth, E. G., private 1st class, Headquarters Company, Oct. l-3rd- 18. Meuse-Argonne. Mueller, K. R., private 1st class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse-Argonne. Anguili, O. Jr., private 1st class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse-Argonne. Eklund, H., private 1st class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse-Argonne. Phillips, F., private 1st class, Headquarters Company, Oct. l-3rd-18. Meuse-Argonne. Pounds, H., private 1st class, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Moellering, H. W., private 1st class, Headquarters Company, Oct. l-3rd- 18. Meuse-Argonne. Pickens, G. R., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. Thomas, W. A., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. Morton, E. L., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. 230 Erickson, L., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. Adler, H. A., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. Caverley, C. R., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. Frasier, E. J., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. l-3rd-18. Meuse- Argonne. Casteel, B., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. Stone, E. H., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. Crause, G. W., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. Pugmire, A., private, Headquarters Company, Oct. 1 -3rd- 18. Meuse- Argonne. Locke, I. E., private, Headquarters Company, Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Templeton, L. R., private, Headquarters Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Bozarth, R. E., private, Headquarters Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Stickler, E. W., private, Company "A," Sept. 30-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Wilson, M. B., private, Company "A," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Perks, R. A., private, Company "A," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Maguire, G. F., private 1st class, Company "B," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Reinerts, J., private 1st class, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Prinzing, A. W., private, Company "B," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Hart, F. S., private, Company "B," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Gendrow, F., private, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Rapp, E. C, corporal, Company "C," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Of field, L., private 1st class, Company "C," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Harris, J. H., private, Company "C," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Riddell, W. J., private 1st class, Company "D," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. 231 Brownfield, C. P., private, Company "D," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Stellmach, L., private, Company "E," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Sambrekes, A. J., private, Company "E," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Peters, T. W., private, Company "E," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Nyborg, A. P., private, Company "E," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Strechan, T. N., 1st sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Saari, N. E., sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Davis, S. A., sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Botterworth, W. H., sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Stoddard, N. D., sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Lozak, S., sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Stanton, H. P., sergeant, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Hamelius, F. J., corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Cudd, J. C, corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Mohr, C. A., corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Swartz, T. A., corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Boye, O. F., corporal, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Waterstradt, W., private 1st class, Company "F," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Galbreath, W., private 1st class, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Shields, R., private 1st class, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Farnham, A. N., private 1st class, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Stevens, W. E., private, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Jones, C. L., private, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Ritchie, E. P., private, Company "F," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Hardie, O. B., 1st sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. 232 Greenlees, T., sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Jordan, W. L., sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Subia, E., sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse-Argonne. Calmus, J. B., sergeant, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Scott, R. A., corporal, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Allan, W. A., mechanic, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Draper, C. H., bugler, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Hennessy, P. M., bugler, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Sagen, E., private 1st class, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Martin, O. C, private 1st class, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse-Argonne. Miller, R. W., private, Company "G," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Thompson, R. A., private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Thomsen, T. K., private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Coulter, R. E., private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Soule, R. W., private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Carnese, P., private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse-Argonne. Erickson, A., private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Fletcher, L. L., private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Broughton, A., private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Tait, E. C, private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse-Argonne. Chrase, J. H., private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Cederson, N. C, private, Company "G," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. 233 Howard, B. A., corporal, Company "H," Oct. 7-9-18. Meuse-Argonne. Cozad, P. N., private 1st class, Company "H," Oct. 3-4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Weseloh, E. F., private, Company "H," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Wardoll, G. S., private, Company "H," Oct. 7-9-18. Meuse-Argonne. Heskings, S. J., private, Company "I," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Crossman, R., sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Simonson, C. L., sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Bartruff, J. A., sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Harrington, J. B., sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Monoghan, W. G., sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Thurman, E. R., sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Anderson, D. O., sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Clear, C. B., sergeant, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Hoyt, I. W., corporal, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Shadley, M. L., corporal, Company "K," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Guirado, M., corporal, Company "K," Sept. 30-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Paxton, V., private, Company "K," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Wills, Ira, private, Company "K," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Toughill, H., private, Company "L," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Babcock, Ross, private 1st class, Company "L," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Mertz, G. A., private, Company "L," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse-Argonne. Philips, O. C, private, Company "L," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse- Argonne. Randall, P. W., private, Company "M," Sept. 30-Oct. 3-18. Meuse- Argonne. 234 Kulukjien, H. H., private, Company "M," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Sommers, R., private, Company "M," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Rohr, O. J., private, Machine Gun Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Dickinson, F. S., captain, commanding 3rd Battalion, Nov. 2-3-18. Ypres- Lys. Bissett, D. A., 1st lieutenant, Company "I," Nov. 1-2-18. Ypres-Lys. Herren, J. W., private, Headquarters Company, Nov. 3-18. Ypres-Lys. Smith, R. L., sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Boyd, J. A., corporal, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Desilet, J. F., private 1st class, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres- Lys. Hartman, F. A., private 1st class, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Pearson, F. A., private 1st class, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Fox, T. J., sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Arnold, B. E., sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Tomany, O. T., sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Emow, F. C, sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. McCafferty, M. R., corporal, Company "C," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres- Lys. Ralstin, A. E., corporal, Machine Gun Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 9-18. Meuse-Argonne. Donovan, G. M., private 1st class, Machine Gun Company, Sept. 26-Oct. 9-18. Meuse-Argonne. Hughes, H. D., captain, Company "A," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Gilbert, C. R., 1st lieutenant, Company "F," Sept. 30-18. Meuse- Argonne. Betterton, C. R., 1st lieutenant, Company "E," Sept. 29-18. Meuse- Argonne. Jones, C. A., sergeant, Company "A," Sept. 26-18. Meuse-Argonne. Ossinger, A. I., sergeant, Company "A," Sept. 26-18. Meuse-Argonne. Smith, C, sergeant, Company "A," Oct. 9-18. Meuse-Argonne. Blakely, T. M., private 1st class, Company "C," Oct. 2-18. Meuse- Argonne. Rice, R. R., private, Company "C," Sept. 28-18. Meuse-Argonne. 235 East, W. A., 1st sergeant, Company "E," Sept. 26-18. Meuse-Argonne. Boyce, C. C, sergeant, Company "E," Sept. 26-18. Meuse-Argonne. Melcher, J., sergeant, Company "E," Sept. 26-18. Meuse-Argonne. Hague, R. J., sergeant, Company "E," Sept. 26-18. Meuse-Argonne. Kerrigan, T. F., corporal, Company "F," Sept. 28-18. Meuse-Argonne. Whitney, J. W., private, Company "F," Sept. 28-18. Meuse-Argonne. DeRosselli, P. E., private, Company "F," Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Ball, E. W., corporal, Company "H," Sept. 29-18. Meuse-Argonne. Garcia, J. G., private, Company "H," Sept. 29-18. Meuse-Argonne. Duvall, E. P., 1st lieutenant, Company "G," Oct. 25-Nov. 4-18. Ypres- Lys. Grandall, D., sergeant, Company "G," Nov. 3-18. Ypres-Lys. Stouder, C. F., sergeant, Company "G," Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Piper, F. J., corporal, Company "G," Nov. 1-18. Ypres-Lys. Zeek, B., private 1st class, Company "G," Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Whitman, W. C, private 1st class, Company "G," Oct. 25-Nov. 4-18. Ypres-Lys. Smith, R. L., sergeant, Company "C," Nov. 1-18. Ypres-Lys. Fox, T. J., sergeant, Company "C," Nov. 1-18. Ypres-Lys. Arnold, B. E., sergeant, Company "C," Nov. 1-18. Ypres-Lys. Boyd, John A., corporal, Company "C," Nov. 1-18. Ypres-Lys. Desilet, J. F., private 1st class, Company "C," Nov. 1-18. Ypres-Lys. Hartman, F. A., private 1st class, Company "C," Nov. 1-18. Ypres-Lys. Pearson, F. A .L., private 1st class, Company "C," Nov. 1-18. Ypres-Lys. Swanson, A. N., sergeant, Supply Company, Oct. 31 -Nov. 2-18. Ypres- Lys. Johnson, A. L., corporal, Supply Company, Oct. 31-18. Ypres-Lys. Allen, E. M., corporal, Supply Company, Oct. 31-18. Ypres-Lys. Norgen, A. R., corporal, Supply Company, Oct. 31-18. Ypres-Lys. Gilchrist, H., wagoner, Supply Company, Oct. 31-18. Ypres-Lys. Pierce, F. A., wagoner, Supply Company, Oct. 31 -Nov. 2-18. Ypres-Lys. Wood, H. E., private 1st class, Supply Company, Oct. 31 -Nov. 2-18. Ypres-Lys. Granden, F. W., private, Supply Company, Nov. 2-18. Ypres-Lys. Tipton, J., private, Supply Company, Nov. 2-18. Ypres-Lys. Ramsdell, G. V. J., 2nd lieutenant, Company "L," Sept. 28-18. Meuse- Argonne. 236 Draney, H. P., private 1st class, Company "E," Oct. 31-Nov. 4-18. Ypres- Lys. Benoit, H. N., private 1st class, Company "D," Sept. 29-18. Meuse- Argonne. Sutton, H., private, Company "D," Oct. 10-18. Meuse-Argonne. McDonald, F. J., sergeant, Company "C," Oct. 10-18. Meuse-Argonne. Naseph, C. M., private, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Anderson, M. J., sergeant, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 12-18. Meuse- Argonne. Hill, P., mess sergeant, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse- Argonne. Jacobs, H., cook, Company "B," Sept. 26-Oct. 2-18. Meuse-Argonne. Rose, A., cook, Company "B," Sept. 20-Oct. 2-18. Meuse-Argonne. Moulten, C. R., R. sergeant major, Headquarters Company, Sept. 26- Oct. 12-18. Meuse-Argonne. FRENCH ARMY ATTACHED 36 1ST INFANTRY Champion, Jean, captain, Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Guibert, R., 1st lieutenant, Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. Hauger, E. A., adjutant, Sept. 26-Oct. 4-18. Meuse-Argonne. WHJ BY COMMAND OF MAJOR GENERAL JOHNSTON: OFFICIAL: HENRY C. JEWETT, D. J. COMAN Colonel, General Staff, (D. J. Coman) Chief of Staff. Lieut. Colonel, A. G. Adjutant. GENERAL DISTRIBUTION. REGIMENTAL CITATIONS WITHOUT AWARD OF MEDALS Headquarters 361st Infantry, American E. F., A. P. O. No. 776, 11th January 1919. GENERAL ORDERS: 11. 1. The Commanding Officer desires to express his appreciation of the efficient but necessarily unspectacular performance of duties of the Per- 237 sonnel Office of the Regiment during active service. These duties have been performed in a manner which has contributed, not only to the high reputation of the Regiment, but has rendered every possible service to the friends and relatives of its wounded, missing and dead. In recognition of this service, the following enlisted men, recommended by the Personnel Adjutant, are cited in General Orders: Sergeant-Major Charles R. Moulton (2257639). Sergeant Edward F. Gerlach (2256471). Sergeant Rosario J. Niosi (2256355). Corporal Frank R. Potter (2258122). Courier Weston W. Walrath (2256441). BY ORDER OF COLONEL CUMMINGS: M. S. Scudder Capt. & Adjt. 361st Infantry mss-g 238 o o H 5 d o o HCB : to * a a a E s £ CM CO CO CN -«*< 00 00 OS OS -* t» CI US - o •H - CO M •H - CO CM »-l "^ ■ ^H >o «D CO " - CM - CO f£ - ■ *^ ^ 1* •H - - o M •H - - CO O c K < w 09 P w s w CO ■< a Ph o z a a H J s H c K E s Ph - - Oh W >7 Ph ss £ >h CO 6 CO O s £ r W 3 - ~ £ >* CM ex ■o CO rt N 00 « CO ^ ^ W5 CM CI CO oo ^ IC M to M t>. •o •* OO CO CO rt CO o iO JT CO CO CO O CO -^ iO CO *o iO 00 CO CO CO CO CO CI CM ■o -r CO ■CD M >* CN CM O 00 ^H 1 xo C3 c^ CO O ■* CO CO OO Ph o s : 1 - 1 : 1 : 1 : - £ " F JOHNSO-M. U. JOHNSO Jones, Jensen Jaco . Jensen Jesper JOHNSO Jacobsc-A Jarrat JOHNSO Juell JOHNSO JOURDA Jones, Jones, Jones, '. Jamisoi Johnso Jones, Juday, Jensen JuDIKII' jENKINi Jacksoi Kuss, C Kalles Kemp, ] King, I Kelly, Kulukj Knight Kravik Kadim, Kondo; Klein, Kawin, Keller Kimbrc Kollr Kooyui KOUTSA • Kerste Kriner . Keeley Kennei Keene Kimbal H Kirk, J. B KirkmaLC KliendJ.I Kneelai-D Krigge .1 Knox, l.E KOLLIAS -D Koons, B Kozak, l.E K H . Hq. .A I E C E G E C E L D M Hq. G D D A A H M. G. B F F I I G L B M G M. G. F 1 D Hq K Name Rank Ro yse, Thomas L Pvt Ruble, Walton L Corp Rushmer, Earl M Corp Rota, Luigi Pvt Raif, William H Sup. Sgt. . Reno, Harvey D Pvt. lc Riznar, Albin Pvt Robnett, Roy Pvt Rose, Hubert B Pvt. lcl. . . Rose, Joe Pvt Rose, William P Pvt Rust, Theodore Pvt Radulo vich, Michael M Pvt. lcl Rey, Arthur E Corp. . . Rash, James A Pvt. Read, William A Pvt. Reese, James B Pvt. Reynolds, Frank S Pvt. Robertson, Manuel M Pvt. lcl, Riolo, Tony Pvt Ross, Leo L Sgt Rider, Charles G Pvt. Reeves, Alfred R Pvt. Rockwell, Reuben L Pvt. Rasmussen, Anchor C Pvt. Reidy, Francis M Pvt. Rumberger, Joseph H Pvt. Company ...H ...B M D A H ..M. G. ..H ..Hq. ..I ..M ..K ..C ..D ...E ...E ...E ...G ...G ...B ...D ...Hq. ...B ...H ...K ...M.G. ...F (i. Ringer, Martin Pvt. lcl F Runte, Frederick Pvt I Rassmussen, Ernest Pvt A Riffle Harvey D Pvt. lcl F Rekstav, Hans A Pvt M. Rago, Tony Pvt E Richardson, Robert G Corp M. G. Rowden, Morrie A Pvt. lcl. . . .G Ronald, John Pvt M.G. Stoekes, Nick Pvt H Sullivan, Gerald Pvt B Sutton, James V Pvt H Syverstad, Iver Corp Hq. Schoeberl, William Pvt E Scott, James J Pvt G Scott, Roy Corp G Shenfield, Owen W Pvt. lcl G Smith, Wilbur E Pvt C Snider, Dan W Pvt G Snyder, Harry Pvt G Steelsmith, Samuel R Corp G Stephens, Robert V Pvt E Starsasli, Gusta ve G Pvt G Sullivan, William H Pvt E SCHWEIKERT, JOSEPH L Pvt G Sonnichsen, Hans D Pvt E Syres, William Pvt C Schaub, Harry J Corp D Suom y, John Mech D Sobule, William Pvt D Sutton, Herbert Pvt D Schultz, William R Sgt M Stevenson, William C Pvt. lcl. ... K Stangland, Andrew Pvt K Smith, Edward Pvt K Stout, William Sgt I See, Hong Pvt I Stringfellow, Marino Pvt Hq. Shawlay, Raymond Pvt E Salazar, Arthur Pvt G Sw anson, Albert J Pvt G SCHWARZROCK, OtTO L Pvt A Slavenburg, Johannes L Pvt A Shelton, Percy B Pvt A Strandrud, Halvor Pvt. lcl. . . .A Singleton, Albert G Corp B Struckmeier, Robert J Corp B Sullivan, Murt R Pvt B Sandberg, Theodore O Pvt H Smith, Percy L Pvt H Sutherland, Cecil W Pvt K Sams, Charles A Pvt M Snyder, Raymond B Sgt C St. Germaine, Alfred Pvt. lcl E Schmidt, Andrew Pvt F Schofield, Vao Pvt. lcl K Schroeder, William H Pvt M. G. Schultz, Fred C Pvt F Schumacher, George Pvt B Shadley, Matt L Corp K (b) (c) Name Batman, Doherty Minick, < Name Ables, J] Acheson Anderso Amyes, J Bulie, T Bathke, Bracket Bisset, A Birks, E Beckmey Boche, J Bryant, Cowan, ] Court, F Changnc Cobbs, J. Carter, Clark, L Cunning Cox, Adi Chipp, Lj Crawfof Cox, Sta Craven, Covey, I Cumming Cullen, Dahlen, DUANE, Draper, Dodd, H DONATO, Derr, Li Deamar/ Eklund, NAMES OF OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN WOUNDED IN ACTION 5th December, 1918. ' »KDER8 Bossi II. Pursuant to Paragraph 8. General Order No. 110. G. H. Q., A. E. F.. the b£I£ I., followina officers and enliBted men are hereby published, win. were hon- g"** rned the right to wear the Wound Chevron, while in Blani '. in. -iii\ i'ii li i ■ i Bloci (a) In the Meuae- Vrgonne offensive, France, (fruin September 261 li to October rwVi 4th, 191 ! (b) In the Mousc-Argonne offensive, Frame, (from October Oth to October Bhow lL'lh. i'M . 01 BBOW (c) In the Lys-Scheld) offensive, Belgium, (from October 3lst to November bochj llth, 1918). Boss. William li B ■ ,tm, Ernest N. Bus, Bkkii H Boaana, Etivlmw Bhmmi, Khanb G. Rank Compan ifi, HH, I RI ■ COt/TOH. l'l"-> JlMU \. Jmvb I* Jonmb, Thsodobi C I'vl I> I,AttSflN, GlllllHK Uwfa E Li iihi H<| U* ' AtlTIS, RAI.PB H I'VI AUT.N. MAHI'M I*Vt !''! ''' PltlMON, Kl»*l>BI ■ Picsam Oct R. ■ Rom. CiA«mt»E now, CwkwiA. APPENDIX VI GENERAL PERSHING'S FAREWELL ORDER G. H. Q. AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES General Orders France, February 28, 1919. No. 38-A. My Fellow Soldiers: Now that your service with the American Expeditionary Forces is about to terminate, I can not let you go without a personal word. At the call to arms, the patriotic young manhood of America eagerly responded and became the formidable army whose decisive victories testify to its efficiency and its valor. With the support of the nation firmly united to defend the cause of liberty, our army has executed the will of the people with resolute purpose. Our democracy has been tested, and the forces of autocracy have been defeated. To the glory of the citizen-soldier, our troops have faithfully fulfilled their trust, and in a succession of brilliant offensives have over- come the menace to our civilization. As an individual, your part in the world war has been an important one in the sum total of our achievements. Whether keeping lonely vigil in the trenches, or gallantly storming the enemy's stronghold; whether enduring monotonous drudgery at the rear, or sustaining the fighting line at the front, each has bravely and efficiently played his part. By willing sacrifice of per- sonal rights; by cheerful endurance of hardship and privation; by vigor, strength and indomitable will, made effective by thorough organization and cordial co-operation, you inspired the war-worn Allies with new life and turned the tide of threatened defeat into overwhelming victory. With a consecrated devotion to duty and a will to conquer, you have loyally served your country. By your exemplary conduct a standard has been established and maintained never before attained by any army. With mind and body as clean and strong as the decisive blows you delivered against the foe, you are soon to return to the pursuits of peace. In leaving the scenes of your victories, may I ask that you carry home your high ideals and continue to live as you have served — an honor to the principles for which you have fought and to the fallen comrades you leave behind. It is with pride in our success that I extend to you my sincere thanks for your splendid service to the army and to the nation. Faithfully, JOHN J. PERSHING, Commander-in-Chief. Official: ROBERT C. DAVIS, Adjutant General. 245 NAMES OF OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN WOUNDED IN ACTION Nave R„. mono H Oorp Im'iuak, Cmptokd M .... I TuountoN, O I ,1 1 TatIaW, SAW rt Hemiamin J >i w r.i IM 1,1 m». Jamb. IM I.I II A ■ K. JlJLBB ti.rp IM lil VoiXIN., l.AOOHE runitnA ■ IM . IM i.hnr IM ... II Wn.i i Wat* IM In m a l,M P n trail IM Wiii.i IM h W'tu Oorp IM I.I , , , Wool S«l n.i IM It .III i ,, , i IM IM iii, ...in. Pvl 1,1 IM U .in nu.i.i>M IM Wini IM IM I'vl Id rosx, Edwie » .11 IM IM IM IM W.I 1 I'vl lei IM IM IM » LSI iRXBBW I'vl ll-l II,, • V. HtRHI It IM ,.. IttVMl.Sl. II Oorp Warn IM '. J..IIS It Hun Wish IM Mm.ii.mi K I'vt Id 1 11 IM Id •WORTH. TllOUAB W H. II.KHt J IM 1.1 "I ■.bwiuF Wiut „wh. Btfcrn w IM Thomas. Giuhob J n ,,, Amasa . Joseph E im Zahahi- , ZlMMKRMt.S. ClItK ZeIXER, CHBMT1 t> l.i i.i.i, MnttM K By Order „f Colonel A. I> CUMMINOS. .1 UJOB K t\/.l.l.lt. ' apl iiinl I'l Ailj , 361st Infantry. Headguarten 361at Infantry, P ()., 770, 28th January, 1919. Sl'KI'IAI, OBDCBS No. ■_'■-' III. Pursuant in Paragraph 8, General Order" No. I in. i; II Q.,A E. !•'.. the the Following offieera and enlisted men are hi rebj published, (supplemen- tary in lint published in Paragraph II. Special Ordei No. 22 luartera, .".Hi December, 1018), who were honorably wounded and have earned the nulit to wear the Wound Chevron, while in action with the enemj either: — (a) In I In- Meuae-Argonne offei from September 26th to 4th, l'J (b) In the Meuae-Argonne offensive, Prance, (I i Octobei i.ili in October 12th, I I] (c) In tin- Vpres-Lys offensive, Belgium, (fn lotoberSlel in November I lth, 1918) Rase COHPANT Name Hutu a. iiuiiM i E i ■!■' Rank COUP* II 11 Abler, Jimk o. Acheron, William Batukk, Edward Rkcemsvkh, THEODORE .... I'vt .i i II iv, COMPAM I'ikthk, IIiiiilktM IM lu.i, Uo !'>' Cl'NNINOHAM, HahEER IM COX. ADALBERT C IM CrIPE. LlA'll L. . Craves-. Hod lbs i v I'vi Id KniAii'i, Edward.. LUOIBA, s.sr,iM» LoCEE. ULVAI I. ARSES. PaKLBT R. I IMS II Ltlb, Arthi k R Locoes, John Name Rave CoifTA I.l TOE. Jl'UtS I'vt B Lawrence. William Pt LOTD II Pi M.amiveRN. UlCBAPXJ I'vl Id M Mvji is, BOH UU> It Cpl M M.CArrERTr. Miltos It Cpl C pi II, i IM !> Uabbubi, Oaipai IM I. , , s, , 1: I'vl 11 Uolomt, Orao I IM Id K Mimosa, Bert I I'vt U MtsHi-. Jims I'vl ti UaBIOWIU, l.nis 1, I'vl 1,1 I) Miller. Joaai-h IM I M.ittner. Albert K IM I Nelson, Lewlb H Pi Nelson. Vsbnon W IM It N'iirthrop. Donald A I'm M Noroen, Axel R Cpl Sup On. Chawtobu E I Oatmeld. Rotal i |.l II M I'l.sEi. Ban , l Probert, Daniel O... PyI I'atne. John It Cpl II PooQBNEBS. Harrt I'm I Poole, Jamer E 1st Parmiall. J. •'. IB II., Itl-Ltl . J.IHS W IM i; It LBBU>1 M. Bit AS A U Reed, Arthi s I'vl H , t Nabb Ranx Company Ross, Lester I'vl I Rawbon. 1 .s»,s„ It lti.ii.i,i.-„s. John Ws« Sup. FUsmobsbk, Harold P IM Id ...O tUlHII. W,,,,,M I IM I' Slllt. HAM. 'I'll,. MIA H 9ft M SllRMtN, ElIM .III' M I''! M Sv.tNiuit.mi. Ms. i, ill: I "|.l II N.i.si.iii. truiAr IM II Smith, tluiitn I. IM I MOMMEH". RODOIPB I !pl M Smith, ' i tin s. , I'vl A S, ,1,,, I ...,- | .i ', Sparer. Ktii-H W IM II Stsrnweib, Victor O . I'vl I. Sarft. Saw C IM ' I Si ILIVAN. KaLI'H M IM B Sl'LANE. MlLUHl. I M.vl. \ Snowdbn, Tiisodorb C ... Op] H'l Stl M.iSAON. C'LAIIENlK , HUB H'l SlRTO, ANOELj Bit Q TURFIE. I'll tni.1- IM l0l....D Tl'RNEH. ItET E I'vt I TtlTTINO. Lorai I'vl M Turner. Rohert w IM C TnoHNocE. David B I'vl II Y..IIIS-, IaaDIIRE I'VI B Vine. Jacob ... IM I. Vincent, Albert It I'vl 1: W ,1111,, lis, 1 |M I, WaLDES. Il.siti II IM I, , 1 M Wmiiams, It II K I'vl 1,1 M By Order of Colonel \ D CI MMINQ8. JaCOa K AN7.I.KU, (apt, ami l'l. Adj., 301st Infantry. Headguartara 361st Infantry, AiniTiiai, ffi. P., \ I'. O. 776, „ _ 8th Pebruan , 1918 ' iltREKS No. 30. ' '' ,l '-" ■ •'• • OP i ,L't:.|.h s, i;,„,. n ,| Or,|,r» \„ no, (; II. Q , A It tllP wing Offieera land Enlisted Men are hereby published (sun tanr to list publuihed „, S ,„l Order. No. 220, 5tb December, ■ OrtlereNo. 22, 28th January, 1919, thess Headquart, , v w „ ,,' enemy jither-" "' " ' " ""' " '"""" ''"' V '""' "' '" ■'"'""" w " h *■ In l J l hl • 1 ,) | , ^' s ' n • r u ^ ! '' M ' l, • ,,l^, • ,l »' V| ■, I 'iii, 1 itobei (b) I11 Mir Mi'iisi- AtKoiiiiftifffiiaivf. Fraiiei-, (ft„i„ 1 i,t, ,!„■,,;, |, toOotober 121 li, M *"""' «'"'" Ootobar 81al to No N. It.s Coatb. Alva J bbkIU s 'Mr Rahe r,> HaMBBLARD, UutALD |M COHPANT Has Obat. Etebbtt j Name r . k . Pedebbeii, .Sorn ,., 1 OS II. By Order of Colon. I \ D 11 MMINOS. Jj K AS/l.KIl, and I'l. Adj.. 361»t Infantry. EMBARKATION ROSTER MEN AND OFFICERS— 361st INFANTRY AS OF MARCH 25, 1919— ST. NAZAIRE, FRANCE (SHOWING NAME, RANK. ORGANIZATION AND EMERGENCY ADDRESS) Abbott, Benjamin H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Grove City, Ohio Abbott, Ervin L., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Loon Lake, Wash- ington Abbott, Stanton, Cpl., Co. E, Winslow, Indiana Abel, Donald G., Captain, Co. D, 422 10th St., Hoquiam, Washington Abell, John A., Pvt., Co. G, Pulaski, Virginia Ables, Dan, Pvt., Co. C, R. R. No. 3, Carterville, Illinois Ables, Jesse O., Pvt., Co. H, Box 384, Neligh, Nebraska Abraham, John, Cpl., Co. M, Wilkeson, Washington Acheson, William R., Pvt., Co. H, Chewelah, Washington Adair, George D., Cpl., Co. G, 16 Murphy Bldg., Seattle, Washington Adams, David P., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 1320 7th Ave., Seattle, Washington Adams, Frank W., Cpl., Co. M, 2414 65th Ave., Oakland, California Adams, James F., Sgt., Co. E, Box 274, Waterville, Wash- ington Adams, Joseph E., Pvt., Med. Det., Land Titles Office, Edmonton, Canada Adams, Orville D., Sgt., Co. C, 712 Essex Ave., Aberdeen, Washington Adkins, Delbert O., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 9, Honey Grove, Texas Adler, Henry A., Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., R. R. No. 6, North Vernon, Indiana Aeils, Elsino, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Dayton, Washington Ainlat, Thomas A., Pvt., Med. Det., Columbus, Montana Aitken, John H., Pvt., Co. H, R. R. No. 1, Coulterville, Illinois Albert, Charles X., Pvt., Co. H, Prairie de Rocher, Illinois Albert, Edward, Pvt., Co. A, 354 E. Kossuth St., Colum- bus, Ohio Albert, Richard, Cpl., Co. K, 1242 Michigan Ave., Cin- cinnati, Ohio Albright, Frank, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Canastota, S. D. Aleith, Edwin L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Arlington, Washington Alfredson, Walfred, Wagoner, Sup. Co., 2712 Second Ave., Seattle, Washington Alkern, James J., Pvt., Co. L, 235 Cook St., Toledo, Ohio Allan, Charles S., Pvt., Med. Det., R. F. D. No. 1, Box 198, Mt. Vernon, Washington Allan, William A., Mechanic, Co. G, 3451 Salisbury St. Oakland, California Allbritain, Charlie L., Pvt., Co. A, Cumberland, Ohio Allegre, Claude F., Cook, Sup. Co., Fromberg, Montana Alleman, Alfred P., Pvt., Co. H, 509 Fulton St., San Francisco, California Allen, Archie B., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Blackshear, Georgia Allen, Daniel J., Pvt., Co. H, Khedrive, Saskatchewan, Canada Allen, Ernest M., Cpl., Sup. Co., 117 7th Ave. N., Seattle, Washington Allen, Frederick H., Pvt., Co. E, P. O. Box 348, Eureka, California Allen, Harris F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Crawford, Colorado Allen, Morton, Pvt., M. G. Co., Hueyeville, Kentucky Allen, Omar V., Pvt., Co. C, Box 38, Shawnee, Ohio Allison, Frank L., Pvt. 1 cl., Med. Det., Pinto, Montana Allison, Marion, Pvt., Co. M, R. No. 1, Blue Rock, Ohio Allison, Walter D., Sgt., Co. I, 2901 Washington St., Seattle, Washington Altwasser, Frederick G., Pvt., Co. C, Verwood, Sas- katchewan, Canada Amdal, Henry W., Wagoner, Hq. Co. ,6709 25th N. W., Seattle, Washington Ames, Chester R., Asst. Band Leader, Hq. Co., Sedro- Woolley, Washington Amyes, Joseph P., Cpl., Co. M, 1345 17th Ave., Seattle, Washington Anagnostakos, John H., Cook, Co. E, Bremerton, Wash- ington Anders, Morley H., Cpl., Co. C, Huntington, Oregon Anderson, Albert, Pvt., Co. G, 229^ 2nd Ave. N., Seattle, Washington Anderson, Axel E., Pvt., Co. A, Grass Flat, Pennsylvania Anderson, Clarence M., Sgt., Co. M, R. 2, Ferndale, Washington Anderson, Conrad O., Pvt., Co. K, 401 Pearl St., Boyne City, Michigan Anderson, Daniel, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, Winlock, Washington Anderson, David O., Sup. Sgt., Co. K, 856 23rd St., San Diego, California Anderson, Earney S., Pvt., Med. Det., 412 East Republi- can St., Seattle, Washington Anderson, Edward, Pvt., Co. D, Silvana, Washington Anderson, George, Pvt. Hq. Co., 229;^ 2nd Ave., N., Seattle, Washington Anderson, George J., Sgt., M. G. Co., 838 French St., Santa Anna, California Anderson, George W., Pvt., Co. L, 1009 C St., Rockford, Illinois Anderson, Guy C, Cook, Co. K, Lacenter, Washington Anderson, Johan, Pvt., Co. A, Pando, Colorado Anderson, John, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Jobs, Ohio Anderson, John A., Pvt., Co. C, Warren, Oregon Anderson, Knut R., Pvt. Hq. Co., Box 89, Olive Ave., Patterson, California Anderson, Lars P., Pvt., Co. I, Route 1, Hotland, South Dakota Anderson, Martin C, Pvt. Co. A, Lucca, North Dakota Anderson, Martin J., Sgt., Co. B, 3527 Bennett Ave., Seattle, Washington Anderson, Samuel, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 539 S. 7 W., Salt Lake City, Utah Anderson, Samuel F., Pvt., Co. K, Custer, Washington Anderson, Sigfrid, Pvt., Co. I, 2919 Pacific St., Omaha, Nebraska Anderson, Thomas, Cook, Co. L, Box 52, Horte, Montana Andrews, John M., Cpl., Co. K, 1220 Adams Street, Minne- apolis, Minnesota Angle, William T., Pvt., Sup. Co., 401 Angle St., Musca- tine, Iowa Angoli, Oswald, Cpl., Hq. Co., 2746 Melrose St., Chicago, Illinois Angus, Fred B., Captain, M.G. Co., 1110 11th St., Sacra- mento, California Annette, William H., Cpl., Co. C, Glencoe, Ontario, Canada Anstine, Edward L., Mec, M.G. Co., Atherton, Montana. Antrim, Dewey W., Sgt., Med. Det., P.O. Box 47, Oak Hill, Illinois. Antmiler, Barney J., Pvt,, Co. G, 142^ First St., Port- land, Oregon. Aprilanti, Frank, Pvt., Co. I, Box 718, Roseville, California Argentin, Antonio S., Pvt., Co. K, 93 Clinton Place, East Rutherford, N. J. Argo, James S., Pvt., Co. K, R.F.D. No. 2, Wapella, Illinois Armstrong, Charles E., Pvt., Med. Det., Box 88, Elmira, Oregon Armstrong, Edwin W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Atchison, Kansas Armstrong, Elmer, Captain, Co. I, 310 Mason St., Normal, Illinois Armstrong, Harry, Sgt., Co. H, 200 N. Church St., St. Cathernies, Ontario, Canada Armstrong, John, Pvt., Co. C, Otterville, Missouri Armstrong, Joseph B., 2nd Lt., Co. L, Willets Point Road, Whitestone, Long Island, New York Armstrong, Joseph C, Cook, Hq. Co., 6817 Greenwood Ave., Seattle, Washington 246 Armstrong, Virgil L., Pvt., Hq. Co., 6817 Greenwood Ave., Seattle, Washington Arn, Andrew F., Pvt., Co. K, Arvilla, West Virginia Arney, John H., Pvt., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 1, North Vernon, Indiana Arnold, Earl W., Pvt., Sup. Co., 6521 Phinney Ave., Seattle, Washington Arnold, James P., Pvt., Co. F, Molson, Washington Arnold, Richard E., Sgt., Co. B, Spanish Fork, Utah Arnold, Robert P., 1st Sgt., Co. F, 912 Hill St., Escanaba, Michigan Arntson, Nathan M., Cpl., Co. I, 2101 South K St., Tacoma, Washington Arthur, Harry, Cook, Co. A, 935 East Park St., Butte, Montana Ashman, John, Pvt., Co. B, 1743 Angeline St., Seattle, Washington Assink, Harry, Pvt., Co. M, North Yakima, Washington Atkinson, James R., Musician 3 el., Hq. Co., 1122 36th Ave., Seattle, Washington Attlesey, Walter Elmer, Cpl., Co. H, 170 Washington Ave., Twin Falls, Idaho Atwood, Cyrus L., Sgt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Cor- vallis, Oregon Aubert, Virgil S., Pvt. 1 el., Co. A, 109 Virginia St., Bel- lingham, Washington Auerhamer, Herman M., Pvt. 1 el., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 1, Vassar, Michigan Augur, Ellsworth J., Pvt. 1 el., Co. H, 1529H 1st Ave., Seattle, Washington Aulicky, Charles J., Pvt., Co. L, 1822 S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, Illinois Aussibal, Eugene, Pvt., Co. E, 784 Broadway St., San Francisco, California Austin, Emil W., Pvt. 1 el., Hq. Co., 873 Grove St., San Francisco, California Austin, Harvey E., Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Box 64, Blacksburg, Virginia Axtell, Samuel, Jr., Mechanic, M. G. Co., Tillamook, Oregon Axelson, Henry O., Sgt., Co. B, 4421 38th Ave. S., Seattle, Washington Aycock, Thomas B., Horseshoer, M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 5, Concord, Tennessee Aylesworth, Guy A., Pvt. 1 el., Co. B, 1222 Cascade Ave., Chehalis, Washington Babcock, Ross, Pvt. 1 el., Co. L, Moore, Idaho Bachtel, Raymond H., Pvt., Co. D, 1744 S. 7th St., Colum- bus, Ohio Bachosso, Giovanni, Pvt., Co. K, Box 251, Sanger, Cali- fornia Badda, Charles E., Pvt., Sup. Co, 30 3rd St. S., Roslyn, Washington Baggenstos, Marcell, Pvt., Co. H, Box 114, Pe Ell, Wash- ington Bagger, Walter, Pvt. 1 el., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 4, Box 327, Tacoma, Washington Bailey, Glenn R., Pvt., Co. H, Letart Falls, Ohio Bailey, Ivan Y., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Fort Shaw, Montana Bailey, John E., Captain, Co. K, Box 217, Dixon, California Bailey, Roy W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 3, Ferndale, Washington Bailey, William T., Pvt., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 31, Oblong, Illinois Baker, Dayre P., Pvt., Co. K, 434 Kossuth, Columbus, Ohio Baker, Floyd A., Pvt., Co. D, Madison, South Dakota Baker, Floyd E., Pvt., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 1, Benton, Ohio Baker, James M., Pvt., Hq. Co., Fullerton, California Baker, Ray F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 908 S. 18th St., Mattoon, Illinois Bardoni, Frank J., Pvt., Co. G, Benecia, Selano County, California Balatti, Severino, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 1210 Grove St., Boise, Idaho Baldell, Gean, Pvt., Co. K, 213 Park St., Aberdeen, Washington Baldwin, Warren W., Pvt. Co. I, Deming, Washington Bale, Perry, Cpl., Hq. Co., 327 Brown St., Saginaw, Michigan Ball, Ernest W., Cpl., Co. H, Rigby, Idaho Ballich, Neckola M., Pvt., Co. C, Box 616, Auburn, Washington Barbini, Antonio, Pvt., Co. F, 1130 3rd St., Sacramento, California Bard, Thad R., Mess Sgt., Co. I, Sheridan, Wyoming Bardasis, John, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Route A, Tulare, Cali- fornia Bareford, John I., Pvt., M. G. Co., Dunbrock, Virginia Barman, George E., Pvt., Hq. Co., 2091 Market St., San Francisco, California Barnard, Alvin M., Pvt., Co. C, Mayberry, Virginia Barnes, Henry, Pvt., Co. B, Rue, Arkansas Barnes, John F., Sgt., M. G. Co., 1815 E. 9th Ave., Spokane, Washington Barnes, Ward C, Wagoner Sup. Co, Route No. 3, Wood- burn, Oregon Barnett, Charles A., Pvt., Co. C, 114 Cody St., Evans- ville, Indiana Barnett, John G., Sgt., Co. M, Wasco, Oregon Barnhart, Clarence L., Pvt., Co. D, Tippecanoe City, Ohio Barrett, Henry A., Pvt., M. G. Co., 5 Summit St., Glou- cester, Massachusetts Barrett, John W., Pvt., Co. H, 1120 Tudor Ave., East St. Louis, Illinois Barrett, William C, Pvt., Hq. Co., 744 Euclid Ave., Toledo, Ohio Barretta, Alfred, Pvt., Co. G, 1005 E. Spruce St., Seattle, Washington Barrington, Joseph L., Cpl., Co. L, Dubuque, Iowa Barron, Guy L., Pvt., Co. I, 424 N. Chestnut St., Toppen- ish, Washington Barry, Thomas C, Cpl., Co. F, 2207 W. 65th St., Seattle, Washington Bartell, Albert R., 2nd Lt., Sup. Co., Wakefield, Kansas Barthou, Louis, Pvt., Co. F, Hopah, Utah Bartruff, John A., Sgt., Co. K, Ferndale, Washington Barton, Fred, Pvt., Co. C, Bingham, Utah Bartunek, Frank P., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 55, Delmont, South Dakota Bast, Clayton L., Pvt., Co. G, Ramona, South Dakota Bastes, Joseph M., Pvt., Co. L, 1745 Organ St., Cleveland, Ohio Bates, Barton A., Pvt., Co. F, 1300 Iowa St., Butte, Mon- tana Bates, Walter N., Cook, Co. M, Ellensburg, Washington Bathke, Edward G., Pvt. 1 cl. , Co. I, Martinsburg, Nebraska Batman, Robert S., Captain, San De Fuca, Washington Batson, Harman E., Pvt., Co. M, 2107 W. Strain St., Sulli- van, Illinois Battineschi, Anglo A., Pvt., Co. B, Ely, Nevada Battistello, Giuseppe, Pvt., Co. L, 648 W. Main St., Stock- ton, California Batto, Pasquale, Saddler, Sup. Co., Valbrevana, Pareto, Italy Bauders, Albert M., Pvt., Co. H, 1308 Napoleon St., Fremont, Ohio Baugh, Carroll C, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Rogers, Texas Baughman, George S., Pvt., Co. A, Willows, California Bauguess, George W., Cpl., Co. D, Sultan, Washington Baum, Ralph A., Pvt., Co. K, 1634 Beldin Ave., N. E., Canton, Ohio Baurer, Ernest J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, Sher- wood, Oregon Bayeoryos, Andrew N., Pvt., Med. Det., 2003 Hewett Ave., Everett, Washington Bayliss, Hugh A., Pvt., Co. B, Santo, Texas Baxter, Oliver L., Pvt. 1 cl., Med. Det., R. F. D. No. 1, Martinsville, Illinois Beach, Charles, Pvt., Co. D, Palmer, Nebraska Bean, Carl E., Pvt., Co. H, Winchester, Illinois Beard, John W., Captain, Chaplain, 903 Dubuque St., Sioux City, Iowa Beattie, Chauncey H., Reg. Sup. Sgt., Sup. Co., 1321 E. 63rd St., Seattle Washington Beck, George J., Pvt. 1 cl., Med. Det., Minden, Nebraska Becker, Edward A., Cpl., Co. K, 22>2 N. Pennsylvania St., Indianapolis, Indiana Becker, Leo P., Pvt., Co. C, Johnston City, Illinois Beckler, Robert I., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 3, Nelson- ville, Ohio Beckman, Vern A., Sgt., M. G. Co., Asotin, Washington Becraft, George K., Pvt., Hq. Co., 211 24th Ave. S., Seattle, Washington Beebe, Frank T., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Woodland, Washington Beebe, Jesse M., Cpl., Co. C, 500 Palo Alto Ave., Palo Alto, California Beeks, Ernest, Sgt., Co. I, Arlington, Oregon Beeson, Harry G., Pvt., Co. C, R. R. No. 6, Casey, Illinois Behrens, Carl J., Pvt., Co. A, St. Paul, Minnesota , Beliek, Harry, Pvt., Hq. Co., Fernwood, Idaho *' i Bell, Ernest A., Pvt., Co. B, 1210 Carlisle Ave., Cambridge, Ohio Bell, James O., Pvt., Co. L, Kimbolton, Ohio 247 Bell, Melvin S., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Box 78, Mt. Vernon, Washington Bell, Milford F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Kirkland, Washington Bellett, Harry J., Pvt., Co. L, 1351 W. 95th St., N. W., Cleveland, Ohio Belth, Walter, Pvt., Co. I, West Frankfort, Illinois Bender, Harry A., Pvt., Co. H, 202 E. Lincoln Ave., Fergus Falls, Minnesota Bennett, Calvin, Pvt., Co. H, McLeansboro, Illinois Benoit, Henry N., Cpl., Co. D, Ekalaka, Montana Benson, Roscoe H., Pvt., Co. A, Montezuma, Ohio Benti, Matt, Pvt., Co. L, Boyes, Montana Benus, Walter E., Pvt., Co. G, 741 N. 32nd St., Kansas City, Kansas Berg, Ingwald W., Pvt., Hq. Co., P. O. Box 507, Seattle, Washington Bergh, Roy A., Cpl., Co. E, R. F. D., Box 31, Olympia, Washington Berling, George B., Pvt., Co. L, 1433 Republic St., Cin- cinnati, Ohio Berlinger, Frank, Cpl., Co. D, Melrose, Montana Bernal, Stephen J., Pvt., Co. M, 1428 N. 14th St., St. Louis, Missouri Berner, John S., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Box 95, Mica, Wash- ington Bernhardt, Carl W., Cpl., Co. E, 4853 N. Winchester Ave., Chicago, Illinois Berntsen, Carl, Pvt., Hq. Co., Issaquah, Washington Berry, Morris C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 2642 E. 49th St., Portland, Oregon Berto, Basil M., Sgt., Hq. Co., 220 24th Ave., Seattle* Washington Beske, Frank O., Pvt., Co. H, 1026 N. Edison St., Stockton, California Best, Raymond, Mess Sgt., Co. D, Densmore, Kansas Betatto, Guiseppi, Pvt., Co. H, 601 7th Ave., Seattle, Washington Bettfreund, Adolph F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Valley, Wash- ington Betz, Harry P., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, Ninerva, Ohio Bianco, Antonio, Pvt., Co. A, 18 E. Oak St., Pittston, Pennsylvania Biermann, Henry W., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Ritzville, Wash- ington Biggs, Thomas, Pvt., Hq. Co., Winter Quarters, Carbou County, Utah Bignami, George, Pvt., Co. H, 5442 Clermont Ave., Oak- land, California Bihn, John M., Pvt., Co. K, Bradner, Ohio Biles, Norman G, Cpl., Co. D, Enumclaw, Washington Binford, Joseph B., Pvt., Co. F, 1021 J Street, Fresno, California Bird, Cromwell, Pvt., Co. I, 905 S. Main St., Pocatello, Idaho Bird, Edward J., Cpl., Co. C, 1208 Dolores St., San Fran- cisco, California Bischoff, Albert M., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 667 11th St., Oak- land, California Bise, Henry H., Mechanic, Co. M, Ehprata, Washington Bisnett, John P., Pvt., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 7, Parsons, Kansas Biss, George E., Pvt., Co. M, Petersburg, North Dakota Bissell, Charles H., Bugler, Co. H, 1806 E. 65th St., Seattle Washington Bissett, Arthur, Pvt., Co. F, 308 6th Ave., S., Leth- bridge, Canada Black, Clive A., Pvt., Co. G, Deseret, Utah Black, Enoch F., Cook, Co. M, Sumner, Washington Black, John W., Pvt., Sup. Co., 2610 Fifth Ave., Seattle, Washington Black, Louis T., Pvt., Co. H, Arcadia, South Carolina Black, Rolland M., Pvt., Co. G, Abraham, Utah Blackburn, Dewey E., Cpl., Hq. Co., Springfield, Idaho Blair, Charles S., Cook, Hq.Co., 13101st Ave. S., Fayette, Idaho Blair, Lewis, Pvt., Co. L, 1220 Academy Ave., Kalamazoo, Michigan Blake, Charles H., Cook, Co. M, Box 342, Washburn, Maine Blakely, Theron M., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, care of Mrs. L. V. Holmes, Mountain View, California Blankenburg, Harry, Pvt., Co. C, Clinton, Washington Blauvelt, William M., Pvt., Hq. Co., Milton, Washington Bleem, Leo L., Cpl., Co. I, Evansville, Illinois Block, Henry E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Route No. 2, Princeton, Indiana Block, William, Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Parkers Prairie, Minnesota Blondheim, Howard, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Leduc, Alberta, Canada Bluemke, Otto C, Cook, Co. L, Arlington, Washington Blunt, Ferdinand A., Pvt., Co. D, Kilbone, Illinois Boche, John J., Pvt., Co. I, Elvarano, California Boelens, Charles, Pvt., Co. C, 577 Shamrock St., Grand Rapids, Michigan Boers, Herman, Pvt., Co. K, 1744 E. 44th St., Cleveland, Ohio Boesel, Louis W., Wagoner Sup. Co., Warren, Oregon Boggess, Sylvester, Pvt., Co. K, Bayhorse, Montana Boggs, Scott, Pvt., M. G. Co., Cressmont, West Virginia Bolander, Arthur J., Pvt., Co. H, 1131 Payne Ave., St. Paul, Minnesota Boles, Willey P., Pvt., Co. C, 501 E. Blvd. St., Marion, Illinois Bolitho, Walter, Pvt., Co. C, General Delivery, Portlandi Oregon Bolkan, Alfred, Pvt., Co. G, Cooperstown, North Dakota Bomer, Philip C, Mess Sgt., M. G. Co., 2223 N. 45th St., Seattle, Washington Bond, Leland S., Sgt., Hq. Co., 1355 Cortez Ave., Bur- lingame, California Bonebrake, Chester A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 5, Box 80, Vancouver, Washington Bonk, Emil, Pvt., Co. I, Tarrifille, Connecticut. Bonner, Fred H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 4, Corsi- cana, Texas Bonner, John F., Pvt., Co. K, 337 N. Addison St., In- dianapolis, Indiana Bono, Ermenegildo, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 107 First St., San Pafel, California Bonwell, Hesse L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Albany, Oregon Borresson, Emil, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, Norman, Washington Bosserman, William E., Pvt., Co. L, 527 W. Bryan St., Bryan, Ohio Bosetti, Luigi, Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Renton, Washington Bottger, Henry E., Pvt., Hq. Co., Edger, Montana Bottino, Antone P., Pvt., Co. L, 1508 § St., Sacramento California Bounds, Robert E., Pvt., Co. D, Calhoun City, Mississippi Bowen, Carvin B., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 1, Flora, Illi- nois Bowen, Frank H., Cpl., Co. M, Montesano, Washington Bowen, William, Pvt., Co. C, 1521 W. 47th St., Los Angeles California Bowers, William P., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Higsby Ohio Boyce, Clyde C, Sgt., Co. E, Box 71, Levensworth, Wash- ington Boyd, John A., Cpl., Co. C, 1258 John St., Seattle, Washing ton Boye, Otto F., Sgt., Co. F, Osmond, Nebraska Boyer, Leonard, Pvt., M. G. Co., Stratford, Fulton Co. New York Boylan, Henry R., Pvt., Co. K, 236 Park Ave., East Mans field, Ohio Boyle, Dominic J., Pvt., Co. C, New Straitsville, Ohio Brace, Fred L., 1st Lt., Sup. Co., 362}^ Eugene St., Port- land, Oregon Brackett, Hohn R., Sgt., Hq. Co., 3242 Cook St., Denver Colorado Braden, John, Pvt., Co. L, 62 Post St., San Francisco California Bradshaw, Joseph A., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Box 246, Port Angeles, Washington Bradshaw, Roy, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Chilly, Idaho Bradshaw, Thomas E., Pvt., Co. L, Crooksville, Ohio Bragg, Clifford E., Cpl., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 1, Shepherd, Montana Braker, Arthur E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Fairfield, California Brammier, Martin H., Cpl., Co. L, Syracuse, Nebraska Brandon, George M., Pvt., Co. A, 303 S. Clark St., Pana, Illinois Brandon, Patrick L., Sgt., Co. A, 3221 20th Ave. S., Seattle, Washington Branner, Thomas D., Pvt., Co. H, LaGrange, Kentucky Brashear, Cannon, Pvt., Co. E, Viper, Kentucky Brassfield, Joe M., Cpl., Co. E, Puget St., Olympia, Washington Brassill, Martin J., Pvt., Co. C, Drockland, California Brawand, Walter J., Sgt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Co- lumbus, Indiana Breeden, Delbert K., Pvt., Co. C, Worley, Idaho Brekken, Thimor A., Pvt., Co. G, Pekin, North Dakota Brelje, Herman H., Sgt., Co. M, Box 55, Steeleville, Illinois 248 Bresio, Michael B., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Bremerton, Wash- ington Brewer, Marshall, Pvt., Co. I, Modoc, Illinois Bridgham, Harry W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, 2524 Grand Ave., Everett, Washington Briley, Calvin R., Cpl., Co. D, Joshua, Texas Brill, Lewis S., Pvt., Co. L, 1927 Kinney Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio Brill, Samuel S., Pvt., Co. M, 909 S. Union St., Indian- apolis, Indiana Brindley, Edmund R., Pvt., Co. F, 118 W. J. St., Ontario, California Brinkhaus, Clarence B., Pvt., Co. G, 2502 W. Sullivan St., St. Louis, Missouri Broback, Duncan G., Cpl., Co. H., 8037 Wallingford Ave., Seattle, Washington Brobeck, Walter L., Band Cpl., Hq. Co., Kenyon, Minne- sota Broderick, Joseph A., Cpl., Co. E, 1229 Walter St., San Francisco, California Brodick, William B., Pvt., Co. I, 1155 Inteville Ave., Bronx, New York City, New York Broerman, Fred Louis, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, 4017 Houston Ave., Norwood, Ohio Brook, Horace D., Pvt., Hq. Co., 6003 4th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Washington Brooks, Fred O., Pvt., Co. A, R. R. No. 7, Zanesville, Ohio Brooks, George E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Sedro Woolley, Washington Brooks, Harlin D., Sgt., Co. I, Pearl, Missouri Brooks, James T., Pvt., M. G. Co., Vernal, Utah Brooks, Robert, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, Shelburn, Indiana Brooks, Theodore, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 9, Hunting- ton, Indiana Broome, Glen A., Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., 116a Sycamore Drive, Los Angeles, California Broughton, Arthur, Pvt., Co. G, Monroe, Washington Browman, Eben E., Pvt., Co. E, Falun, Kansas. Brown, Arthur J., Pvt. 1 cl., Sup. Co., 2027 11th Ave. N., Seattle, Washington Brown, Axel P., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, 1083 Shotwell St., San Francisco, California Brown, Barton W., Pvt., Hq. Co., Olympia, Washington Brown, Charles, Pvt., Co. K, Cambrake, West Virginia Brown, Charles I., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Wilder, Idaho Brown, Charlie, Pvt., Co. C, 824 Poplar St., Nelsonville, Ohio Brown, Chester A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, Redmond, Oregon Brown, David O., Cpl., Co. I, Percy, Illinois Brown, Frank E., Pvt., Co. C, Ina, Illinois Brown, Glenn, Pvt., M. G. Co., Box 211, Lexington, Ne- braska Brown, Golden, Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., Greenup, Illinois Brown, Hesse C, Pvt., Sup. Co., Lorenzo, Idaho Brown, Milo R., Pvt., Co. C, care of Fowler Sanitarium, Fowler, California Brown, Moses A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Centralia, Illinois Brown, Paul F., Major, Med. Det., 3722 Nicollet Ave., Minneapolis, Minnesota Brown, Ralph, Pvt., Co. I, 89 State St., Hammond, Indiana Brownfield, Clarence P., Pvt., Co. D, 1417 W. Monroe St., Chicago, Illinois Brownie, Frank G., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. L, Box 336, Taft, Cali- fornia Brownlee, Thomas L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Las Cruces, New Mexico Bruce, William F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Narris City, Illinois Bruckart, Perry C, Pvt., Co. I, Clair, Michigan Brucks, Edward B., Pvt., Co. E, Glasgow, Missouri Brudeen, John W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, 115 E. 30th St., Kear- ney, Nebraska Brumfield, Clifford E., Pvt., Co. M, Lecta, Ohio Bruner, James A., Pvt., Co. I, Dahlgren, Illinois Brunning, Alfred H., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 2, Pember- ville, Ohio Bruno, Francesco, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, 407 6th Ave., S., Seat- tle, Washington Bruns, Carl H., Pvt., Co. B, R. R. No. 1, Box 69, Pember- ville, Ohio Bryan, John, Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 1, Louisville, Illinois Bryan, Prentiss, Cpl., Co. C, Pittsburg, Illinois Bryant, Charles M., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, 715 N. 4th St., Yakima, Washington Bryant, David W., Bn. Sgt. Major., Hq. Co., Box 212, R. 7, Yakima, Washington Bryant, Joe E., Cpl., Hq. Co., 1424 7th Ave., Seattle, Washington Bryant, Robert J., Pvt., Co. I, Ewan, Washington Bucchianeri, Nicodemo, Pvt., Co. M, 111 Washington St., San Francisco, California Buchanan, Clyde C, Cpl., Co. D, Manti, Utah Buchanan, John, Pvt., Co. F, Quinton, Oklahoma Buck, Robert H., Pvt., Med. Det., 612 St. Paul Ave., Los Angeles, California Buck, Waldo W., Pvt., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 1, Guysville, Ohio Buckmaster, William C, Pvt., Co. E, Box 274, Ther- mopolis, Wyoming Buer, Emil A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Harding, South Dakota Bugneni.Petre, Pvt., Co. M, Box 127 Hobart Mills, Nevada County, California Buhler, Francis I., Cpl., Co. E, Gannett, Blain County, Idaho Bulger, Joseph P., Sgt., Co. H, 333 N. Charles St., Belle- ville, Illinois Buller, Frank W., Pvt., M. G. Co., 5314 Smart Ave., Kansas City, Missouri Bunty, Charles I., Pvt., Co. L, Linden Ave., Hanover, Pennsylvania Burch, Ora L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Mittleton, Colorado Burcham, Thomas G., Pvt., Co. A, Long Creek, Illinois Burford, Gustavus E., Sgt., Co. M, Hanford, Washington Burger, Charles, Band Leader, Hq. Co., Fort Winfield Scott, San Francisco, California Burke, Charles R., Sgt., Co. A, 3012 Altamont Ave., Spokane, Washington Burkhart, Archie N., Sgt., Co. I, 1620 13th Ave., Seattle, Washington Burmester, Paul, Pvt., Hq. Co., 422 Valencia St., San Francisco, California Burnett, Thfodore W., 2nd Lt., 319 W. Front St., Oil City, Pennsylvania Burnham, Hale A., Cpl., Co. B, New Port, Washington Burns, Harold M., Cpl., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Gig Harbor, Washington Burns, Thomas R., Pvt., Co. I, 231 N. Garfield Ave., Poca- tello, Idaho Burrell, Boss, Cpl., Co. M, G. D. Nangua, Missouri Burris, Thomas F., Pvt., M. G. Co., 236 E. 64th St., Tacoma, Washington Burt, William B., Pvt., Co. F, 3189 17th St., San Francisco, California Burton, Harold H., Captain, Reg. Staff, Cuyahoga Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio Bush, John H., Cpl., M. G. Co., Tempe, Arizona Bush, Percy A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Issaquah, Washington Burwell, George K., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Mountain Grove, Virginia Bush, Robert W., Sgt., Co. B, Malad City, Idaho Bush, Stuart C, Pvt., Co. K, Castle Rock, Washington Butler, Frank L., Pvt., Co. F, 23 Laconia Ave., Sagas, Massachusetts Butler, Norvin I., Sgt., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 2, W. 12 St., Ogden, Utah Butler, Peter S., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. L, Watsonville, California, R. F. D. No. 5 Butterbaugh, Ira L., Pvt. Co. L, Butler, Ohio Butterfield, Shelby W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, 843 W. 60th St., Seattle, Washington Butterworth, William H., Sgt., Co. F, Hazelton, Idaho Buzas, Spiros J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, 514 Sacramento St., Vallejo, California Byer, John A., Pvt., Co. K, Kranzburg, South Dakota Byers, Jess S., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Onalaska, Washington Cabichis, George M., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 629 Pike St., Seattle, Washington Cable, Jesse E., Pvt., 1 cl., Co. D, 1915 Post St., San Fran- cisco, California Caddy, Frank, Pvt., Hq. Co., 132 W. Agate, Butte, Montana Cagle, Lester J., Pvt., Sup. Co., Chelan, Washington Caldwell, James R., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 1, New Castle, Virginia Calkins, James P., Sgt., Co. A, R. R. No. 1, Mt. Vernon, Washington Call, Earnest, Wagoner, Sup. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Black- foot, Idaho Callant, John A., Cpl., Co. D, Spencer, South Dakota Calmus, John B., Sgt., Co. G, Mt. Angel, Oregon Cameron, Franklin C, Pvt., Co. C, Bluford, Illinois Campbell, Charles L., Sgt., Co. H, 1945 S. E. St., Tacoma, Washington Campbell, James M., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Box 74, Glendive, Montana Campbell, Lewis B., Cpl., Co. H, R. R. "C" Box 136-A, Hanford, California 249 Campbell, Wilford, Pvt., 1 cl., Co. I, Route No. 1, Brough- ton, Illinois Campbell, Zack C, Pvt., Co. E, Lawn, West Virginia Cantrell, Theophilus, Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Broughton, Illinois Capelli, John J., Pvt., Co. H, Felton, California Capps, Everett, Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Cerulean, Kentucky Carbray, Irwin G., Pvt., Co. H, 1926 G. St., Eureka, California Carisoza, Frank P., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Sawtille, California Carley, Victor A., Cpl., Co. D, 4200 Spring Grove Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio Carlson, Hans, Pvt., Co. I, Molde, Norway Carlson, Algot G., Pvt., Co. C, Porter, Indiana Carlson, Axel R., Pvt. 1 cl., Sup. Co., 6515 3rd Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Carlson, Claude, Horseshoer, Sup. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Ferndale, Washington Carlson, John, Mechanic, Sup. Co., 211 Dexter Ave., Seattle, Washington Carmody, Frank C, Cpl., Co. E, 221 S. Water Ave., Idaho Falls, Idaho Carnese, Peter, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, 65 Circular Ave., Pitts- field, Massachusetts Carnival, Ernest, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 1160 E. Grant St., Portland, Oregon Carpenter, Clarence C, Pvt., Co. C, Nodaway, Iowa Carpenter, Mike C, Pvt., Co. E, 11-13-15 Riverside Ave., Spokane, Washington Carpenter, Roy D., Cpl., Co. G, Platteville, Colorado Carr, James F., Cpl., Co. L, 1438 Goodale Ave., Toledo, Ohio Carrico, Martin J., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 2, Bards- town, Kentucky Carroll, John F., Pvt., Co. C, New Eagle, Pennsylvania Carroll, Steven V., Cook, Sup. Co., Butte, Oregon Carroll, Walter W., Pvt., Co. L, Fremont St., Cincinnati, Ohio Cart, Elmer, Pvt., M. G. Co., Herald, West Virginia Carter, Evan E., Pvt., Co. B, Cannelton, Indiana Carter, Michael, Cpl., Hq. Co., 240 S. Griffin Ave., Los Angeles, California Cartwright, Charles B., Pvt., Co. C, 22 3rd St., Willough- by, Ohio Carvin, George, Pvt., 1 cl., Co. I, 6011 Centre Ave., East End, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Casebeer, Leigh C, Sgt., Co. E, Cashmere, Washington Casenave, Peter S., Cook, Hq. Co., 540 North California St., Stockton, California Casey, John R., Cpl., Co. C, Vealona, California Casille, Cominico, Pvt., Co. I, Con Di Furi, Reggio, Calabria, Italy Cass, Elmer H., Sgt., Co. D, Sultan, Washington Cassidy, Lafe, Band Sgt., Hq. Co., 203 Bellevue Ave., Bellevue Apts., Seattle, Washington Cast, Burton A., Sgt., Co. C, Omark, Washington Cabteel, Bert, Pvt., Hq. Co., 1158 7th St., Bremerton, Washington Castro, Albert E., Musician. 3 cl., Hq. Co., 478 19th St., Oakland, California Catten, William, Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D., Box 49^, Arthur Garfield, Utah Cauley, Joseph, Pvt., Med. Det., 1245 S. Seventh St., St. Louis, Missouri Cave, Charles R., Sgt., Co. E, Winslow, Washington Caverly, Carl R., Pvt., Hq. Co., Walville, Washington Caverly, Harold C, Cpl., Co. F, Chehalis, Washington Cavin, Hulbert M., Pvt., Hq. Co., Moxee City, Wash- ington Cederson, Nick C, Pvt., Co. G, Hannaford, North Dakota Centama, Matteo, Pvt., Co. L, 225 Government Place, Williamsport, Pennsylvania Cerrone, Patist, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, P. O. Box 257, Garfield, Utah Chaldy, Fred, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Res Heights, South Dakota Chambers, William H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, Mapes, North Dakota Chancy, Homer A., Pvt., Co. F, 501 E. Marion St., Marion, Illinois Chandler, Melvin, Sgt., Co. C, 800 Walnut St., Hiawatha, Changnon, Paul A., Pvt., Co. D, Idaho Falls, Idaho Chapman, Herschel F., 1st Sgt., Co. I, Stuttgard, Arkansas Chapman, John, Pvt., M. G. Co., Sleight, West Virginia Chapman, Wilber G., Pvt., Co. H, 3211 Carolina St., San Pedro, California Charles, Felix, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, 703 18th Ave. S., Seattle, Washington Charlson, Lewis M., Cpl., Co. D, Marysville, Washington Charlton, Victor E., Pvt., Co. E, Munson Station, Clear- field County, Pennsylvania Chash, Peter, Pvt., Co. G, Shereshaw, Russia Chatterton, Harry H., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Siletz, Oregon Checketts, Raymond S., Cpl., Co. L, Weston, Idaho Cheeseman, Frank R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Orbiston, Hocking Co., Ohio Chepeleas, Thomas S., Pvt., Co. H, Southern Pacific Sta- tion, S. Vallejo, California Cherry, William B., Cpl., Co. I, 440 East Center St., Poca- tello, Idaho Chezek, William J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 2, Box 61, Wincock, Washington Chicou, Emile, Pvt., Co. G, 972 Stanford Ave., Oakland, California Childs, Walter J., Cpl., Co. I, 922 14th St., Boone, Iowa Chipp, Lewis L., Pvt., Co. D, American Falls, Idaho Choate, Carl J., Pvt., Co. B, 306 N. Russell St., Marion, Illinois Chon, Dong, Cook, Sup. Co., 1346 Broadway, Tacoma, Washington Chrast, Joseph B., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, Neppel, Washington Chresst, Fred, Cook, Co. F, 651 N. John St., Pocatello, Idaho Christensen, Alfred, Pvt., M. G. Co., Enwood, Iowa Christensen, Joseph A., Pvt., Co. H, 1412 W. 57th St., Seattle, Washington Christensen, Lee, Sgt., Co. E, 6613 S. Lawrence St., Tacoma, Washington Christensen, Marion, Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Lancaster, Washington Christman, Frank L., Pvt., M. G. Co., Terry, Montana Christopulos, Gust, Pvt., Co. E, Liberty Candy Kitchen, Hanford, California Christy, Samuel W., Cpl., Hq. Co., 415 N. Brand Blvd., Glendale, California Church, Cleveland A., Cpl., Co. I, Carters Creek, Tennessee Cioffi, Fiorayanti, Pvt., Co. G, 149 N. Maple St., Akron, Ohio Cipriani, Louis, Mess Sgt., Co. A, 40 Lincoln St., Meader- ville, Montana Clark, Charles R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Stone, Idaho Clark, Charles L., Pvt., Co. I, Auburn, Nebraska Clark, Frederick W., Pvt., Co. G, 209 3rd Avenue, Red Oak, Iowa Clark, Henry, Pvt.l cl., Co.M, 2350 55th Ave., Oakland, California Clark, James E., Pvt., Co. K, Visalia, California Clark, John G., Pvt., Co. I, Victoria, Illinois Clark, Leo, Pvt., Co. I, Rosevelt, Utah Clawson, Carl W., Cpl., Co. I, 5621 Adeline St., Oakland, California Clawson, George L., Cpl., Co. F, Durham, California Claywell, John F., Pvt., Co. L, 1328 So. 1st, Terre Haute, Indiana Clayton, Byron C, Pvt., Hq. Co., 336 W. 52nd Place, Los Angeles, California Clayton, Lee R., Sgt., Co. C, 219 S. Seminary St., Collins- ville, Illinois Clayton, Merlin A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. L, Coalville, Utah Clements, Harry L., Mech., Co. C, Hayes, South Dakota Click, Robert L., Pvt., Co. I, R4, Sneedsville, Tennessee Click, William I., Pvt. 1 el., Co. I, Macedonia, Illinois Cline, Albert N., Mechanic, Co. B, 414 S. 9th St., Mar- shall, Illinois Cline, Gayle A., Pvt., Co. L, Mineral Ridge, Ohio Clodfelter, Fred R., Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Comer, Georgia Clore, Wry V., Cook, Co. D, 1196 Chehalis Ave., Chehalis, Washington _ Cluff, Goldwin W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, 258 N. 2nd St. E. t Provo, Utah Clutter, Vernon, Pvt., Co. M, 87 Pike St., Coal Grove, Ohio Coates, Newton, Pvt., Co. H, 1504 El Centro St., S. Pasa- dena, California Coburn, Hilton K., Pvt., Co. I, Axtell, Montana Coen, Leon J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 1839 8th St., Alameda, California Coffey, Royal A., 1st Lt., Co. E, 413 Wallace St. N., Boze- man, Montana Cohen, Ike, Pvt., Co. A, 92 Willard Ave., Providence, Rhode Island Cohen, Israel, Pvt., Co. A, 3619 Stanton Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio Cokley, Lossie, Pvt., Co. B, Route 3, Clay City, Illinois Cole, Arlough E., Pvt. Co. D, Olympia, Washington 250 Coleman, Leslie B., Pvt., Co. M, 204Masten Ave., Ironton, Ohio Coleman, Loyd E., Pvt., Co. K, Kirk, Colorado Collins, Alonzo, Pvt., Co. D, London, Ohio Collins, Fkank, Pvt., M. G. Co., Wayland, Kentucky Collins, Harold R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 425 W. 3rd St., Moscow, Idaho Collins, Orvis B., Stable Sgt., Sup. Co., 2016 8th Ave., N., Great Falls, Montana Collins, Ralph D., Cpl., Hq. Co., 5805 Puget Sound Ave., Tacoma, Washington Collins, Thomas L., Pvt., Co. D, Miller, South Dakota Collis, Leon E., Pvt., Co. G, 2747 Cornell Ave., Indian- apolis, Indiana Collister, Viets, Cpl., Co. G, Madison, Ohio Colone, Edward C, Pvt., Co. G, Fremont, Nebraska Colton, Frank, Pvt., M. G. Co., 3319 Carnegie Ave., S. E., Cleveland, Ohio Colton, Joseph, Pvt., Hq. Co., 247 S. Flower St., Los Angeles, California Colwell, William E., Pvt., Co. K, Asotin, Washington Combetto, Joseph, Pvt., M. G. Co., New Castle, Wash- ington Comerford, Joseph G., Pvt., Co. D, Leonard Hotel, Butte, Montana Compliment, Lawrence, Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Ironton, Ohio Conde, Pio, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. L, P. O. Box 536, Bremerton, Washington Condino, Joseph M., Pvt., Co. K, 11 Imperial Ave., San Francisco, California Condos, George, Pvt., Co. M, 269 Alder St., Portland, Oregon Confer, John M., Sgt., Co. G, 405^ E. Pike St., Seattle, Washington Conkey, Austin R., Pvt., Co. L, New Marshfield, Ohio Conway, Charles, Cook, Co. F, Bridger, Montana Cook, Charles O., Pvt., Co. I, Townsend, Montana Cook, Chester C, Pvt., Co. F, 321 N. Friends St., Whittier, California Cook, Lawrence, Cpl., Co. A, 412 W. Main St., Bellevue, Ohio Cooley, Warren R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 2, Box 47, Harrisburg, Oregon Coon, Oliver M., Pvt., Co. C, Baker, Oregon Cooper, Albert R., Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D., Box 14, Prosser, Washington Cooper, Andrew J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, 1041 Carolina St., Vallejo, California Coppinger, Frank W., 2nd Lt., 716 Valley Rd., Upper Montclair, New Jersey Corbelli, Adolph, Mus., Hq. Co., Box 38, McCleary, Washington Corbett, Thomas F., Pvt., Co. G, Chisholm, Minnesota Cordell, Jay A., Cpl., Co. E, Orefino, Idaho Cording, Charley B., Pvt. 1 cl., Sup. Co., Brittania Mines, British Columbia, Canada Cornell, Ralph D., Cpl., Co. L, 2139^ W. 16th St., Los Angeles, California Corner, Carroll N., Cook, Co. G, Phillipsburg, Missouri Corry, Roy, Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 2, Xenia, Illinois Cortland, George, Pvt., Co. D, Front St., Fremont, Ohio Corvello, Manuel C, Mus., Hq. Co., R. F. D. 90-A, Merced, California Costa, Edmund J., Mus., Hq. Co., 1711 21st St., Oakland, California Coulter, Raymond E., Cpl., Co. G, 7302 Harvard Ave., Chicago, Illinois Coundley, Ernest, Cook, Hq. Co., Wilkinson, Washington Courtney, Ray, Pvt., Co. F, 2 Prentice St., Worcester, Massachusetts Covalsk, Lookiam, Pvt., Co. F, Aberdeen, Washington Covington, Daniel N., Horseshoer, Hq. Co., Torrey, Utah Cowen, Frederick, Pvt., Co. L, 728 N. Main St., Napa, California Cox, Albert C, Pvt., 1 cl., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 1, Edmonds, Washington Cox, Everett, Cpl., Co. B, Traphill, North Carolina Cox, Fred L., Pvt., Co. B, Calvin, Illinois Cox, James W., Pvt., Med. Det., Almyra, Arkansas Cox, John J., Cpl., Co. F, Mcintosh, Washington Cox, Leo, Pvt., Co. K, Sesser, Illinois Cox, William E., Pvt., M. G. Co., Pembroke, Kentucky Coyne, Walter J., Pvt., Co. H, 3329 Lyndale Ave., N., Minneapolis, Minnesota Cozad, Paul N., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 804 E. 1st St., Santa Ana, 4 California, a Craig, Harry J., 2nd Lt., Hq. Co., Box 997, Bremerton, Washington Craig, Robert H., Pvt., Co. E, Woodland, Idaho Cram, Kenneth E., Pvt., M. G. Co., Maxbass, North Dakota Cramer, John W., Cpl., Co. H, Hailey, Idaho Cramer, Paul M., Cpl., Co. G, 51 W. Delaware PI., Chicago, Illinois Crandall, Dayton, Mechanic, Co. G, R. F. D. No. 2, Anacortes, Washington Craven, Howard, Bn. Sgt. Major, Hq. Co., 427 W. 6th St., Emporium, Pennsylvania Crawford, Arthur E., Pvt., 1 cl., Co. I, Route 4, Box 36, Sedalia, Missouri Crippen, Chester C, Pvt., Co. L, Skamokawa, Washington Crockett, Obie, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Parks, Arizona Croll, Frederick J., Pvt., Co. M, 1513 Detroit Ave., Toledo, Ohio Crosley, John N., Pvt., Co. G, South Auburn, Nebraska Cross, Fulton B., Pvt., Hq. Co., Jordan Valley, Oregon Crossman, Ralph, Mess Sgt., Co. K, 2823 S. Flower St., Los Angeles, California Crovo, James, Pvt., Co. G, 306 Union St., Stockton, Cali- fornia Crozier, Hazlet M., Cpl., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Findlay, Ohio Crump, Mathew L., Pvt., Co. A, 605 W. 15th St., Richmond, Virginia Cruse, Theodore, Sgt., M. G. Co., 3634 Corliss Ave., Seattle, Washington Crustalas, Panagotis, Pvt., Co. G, 1300 Adams St., Garry, Indiana Crystal, Herman, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, 163 E. 9th St., Salt Lake City, Utah Cudd, John C, Sgt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 4, Box 34, Gonzalis, Texas Cullen, Barney T., Pvt., Co. C, care of A. W. Green & Co., 845 So. Los Angeles St., Los Angeles, California Cullen, Francis J., Pvt., Co. M, 76 Broadway, Schenec- tady, New York Cullen, James A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, 902 Poplar St., Oakland, California Cullison, William R., Pvt., Co. L, So. Heights, Pennsyl- vania Cully, John T., Pvt., Co. H, 604 S. State St., Aberdeen, South Dakota Culver, Samuel H., Pvt., Co. C, 222 W. Manor St., Los Angeles, California Cummings, Avery D., Col., 361st Inf., Camp Travis, Texas Cummings, Harold, Pvt., Co. G, 908 2nd Ave., S., Great Falls, Montana Cummings, James D., Pvt., Co. L, 901 11th St., S. E., Washington, D. C. Cummins, John E., Pvt., Co. M, 147 Thurman. Columbus, Ohio Cunningham, Harker, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Edison, Cali- fornia Cunningham, John M., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 3, Flora, Illinois Curlee, Arthur R., Cpl., Co. C, 814 19th St., Douglas, Arizona Curran, John H., Pvt., Co. G, Cummings Bridge Post Office, Ottawa, Canada Curran, Patrick F., Pvt., Co. D, 2502 W. Orange St., South Bend, Indiana Curti, Lorenzo, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. L, Yorba, California Curtis, Frank L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, Norwalk, California Cusworth, John J., Cpl., Hq. Co., 12 A. B. St., N., Rosyln, Washington Dabbs, James, Cook, Co. F, R. F. D. No. 3, Hohenwald, Tennessee Daganhart, Harley E., Cpl., Co. I, Piqua, Ohio Dagres, George D., Pvt., Co. E, 1VA Capital St., Charles- ton, West Virginia Dahlstrom, Ralph A., Cpl., Co. B, 6243 Flora Ave., Seattle, Washington Daily, John F., Pvt., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 4, Box 138, Ko- komo, Indiana Daily, William E., Cpl., Co. C, Shell City, Missouri Daley, Jeremiah F., Pvt., Co. D, 332 Virginia Ave., San Francisco, California Dalton, Philip N., Cpl., Co. C, 836 Kingston Ave., Oakland City, California Daly, George B., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 105 18th St., Milwaukee, Wisconsin Damsell, Ernest G., Pvt., Hq. Co., Healdsburg, Sonoma County, California Dandrea, Mickele A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 323 W. Indiana St., Spokane, Washington Danforth, Clyde E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 7013 17th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington 251 Daniels, Joseph F., Pvt., Co. F, Belt, Montana Danielson, Erick, Pvt., 1 cl., Co. F, Alo, Montana Darcey, James, Horseshoer, Sup. Co., Colbert, Washington Darnell, Clarence A., Pvt., Co. A, 2402 St. Mary's Ave., Omaha, Nebraska Dattghhrty, James, Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 2, Flora, Illinois Daubher, Chauncey W., Sup. Sgt., Co. A, 708 Nevada St., Seattle, Washington David, Harry E., Pvt., 1 cl., Co. H, Puento, California David, Meddy M., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Crows Landing, Cali- fornia Davidson, Frank, Pvt., Med. Det., 820 N. Marengo Ave., Pasadena, California Davidson, John, Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 6, Bowling Green, ( >hio Davidteh, William F., Pvt., Co. L, 2710 Keokuk St., St. Louis, Missouri Davis, Charles C, Cook, Sup. Co., 212 E. Adams St., Pittsburg, Kansas Davis, David H., Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 3, Box 75, Bolivar, Missouri Davis, Floyd F., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., 779 S. 7th St., E., Salt Lake City, Utah Davis, Homer J., Pvt., Co. B, 1012 W. Elm St., Lima, Ohio Davis, Leck, Sgt., Co. C, R. R. 2, Window, Indiana Davis, Leonard L., Pvt., 1 cl., Co. H, Bland, Missouri Davis, Thomas W., Sgt., Co. C, Bellvalle, Ohio Davis, Wallace W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 2701 K St., Sacra- mento, California Davis, Walter F., 1st Lt., Co. G, Sidney, Nebraska Day, Arista M., Pvt., Co. D, Bloomingdale, Indiana Cay, Clarence, Pvt., 1 cl., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 3, Westport, Indiana Day, John P., Pvt., Co. B, Twin Falls, Idaho Deardohff, Henry G., Pvt., Co. G, Winfield, West Vir- ginia Deain, Charles L., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 4, Louisville, Illinois Deal, Martin Van B., Pvt., Co. L, Frazier Bottom, West Virginia Deamarel, Pvt., 1 cl., Co. M, Folsom, California Dean, Dell, Pvt., Co. I, Howell, South Dakota Dean, William, 1st Lt., Co. K, Berea, Kentucky Deary, John C, Wagoner, Hq. Co., Jordan Valley, Oregon De Bolt, Odas C, Pvt., Co. L, Sunbury, Ohio Deck, Wibur C, Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Barnsville, Ohio Decker, Andrew J., Pvt., Co. A, 1414 Parkson St., Vin- cennes, Indiana Decker, Bdrnice E., Pvt., Hq. Co., Box 203, Beallsville, Ohio Deering, Lawrence P., Pvt., Co. F, 702 Cherry St., New Albany, Indiana Deitrick, William R., Pvt., Co. I, 1002 Penn St., Williams- port, Pennsylvania Deekreek, Edward, Pvt., Co. B, Box 26, Hessville, Indiana Delapp, Harry A., Cook, Co. B, Peola, Washington Delbow, August, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Shakopee, Minnesota Dellinger, William H., Pvt., M. G. Co., Wardensville, West Virginia Dellis, Alfred G., Pvt., Co. F, 116 Winnepeg Ave., St. Paul, Minnesota DeLotell, Albert T., Pvt., Hq. Co., Portsmouth, Ohio DeMars, John, Pvt., Co. I, 211 Merrill St., Merrill, Wis- consin Demas, Gontenos D., Pvt., Co. D, 307^ Burnside St., Portland, Oregon Dement, Gilbert E., Pvt., Co. L, Wilgus, Ohio Demathakalis, James G., Pvt., Co. L, 2221 E. 0th St., Cleveland, Ohio Demetre, Charles, Pvt., Co. H, 1010 Alabama St., Vallejo, California Demorest, Claude S., Pvt., Med. Det., Merrill, Oregon Dempsey, Clayton, Pvt., Co. B, 1203 Commerce St., Petersburg, Virginia Dempsey, Walter, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 1494 Underwood Ave., San Francisco, California Den Beste, Isaac, Pvt., Co. M, Sioux Center, Iowa Denbo, Jesse, Pvt., Co. M, Newton Stewart, Indiana Denney, Ray R., Pvt., Co. L, Canton, Montana Denney, Safford A., Pvt., Co. G, Conrad, Montana Denton, Joseph, Pvt., Hq. Co., Valparaiso, Indiana Denton, Walter B., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 619 S. 14th St., Boise, Idaho Depaolo, John, Pvt., Co. L, Colfax, Washington Derickson, Bert, Pvt., Co. B, 1014 Albany St., Indian- apolis, Indiana Derosa, Joe, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Folsom, California Derr, Lemuel, Pvt. 1 cl., Van Keet, Wyoming Desilet, Joseph F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, 2702 N. Birch St., i :ii Irande, I Oregon DeSota, Clifford, Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., Clevis, California Devan, John J., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 540 Union St., San Francisco, California Devendorf, Jeff M., Mus., Hq. Co., Montesano, Washing- ton Dbver, William, Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 6, Springfield, ( lino Dbvebicx, Claude A., Cook, Co. I, 513 N. 14th St., Terre Haute, Indiana Davehs, Amos L., Pvt., Co. M, 1212 W. 9th St., Anderson, Indiana DeVine, Vincent, Pvt., Co. E, 51 N. Welles St., Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania DeWeese, Livey W., Mechanic, Co. F, Pelouse, Washington Dewell, Charles O., Pvt., Hq. Co., 700 Maryland Ave., Canton, Ohio Dewey, George O., Pvt., Co. 1, 1210 W. 22nd St., Cheyenne, Wyoming Dey, Harry D., Sgt., Co. K, 317H Main Ave., Spokane, Washington Dibley, Fred J., Sgt., Co. D, Enumclaw, Washington Dice, Albert, Pvt., Co. F, Carthage Pike, Cincinnati, Ohio Dicelle, Nick, Pvt., Co. K, 212 W. 3rd St., Spring Valley, Illinois Diciccio, Gregorio, Pvt., Co. L, 386 Mararoneck Ave., Mamaroneck, Now York Dickinson, Friend S., Major, 3rd Bn., Seattle, Washington Dickman, Albert, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 214 N. Bailey, Los Angeles, California Dickson, Charles W., Cpl., Co. C, Boyd, Oregon Didier, Julius, Pvt., Co. I, Beauchamp, Saskatchewan, Canada Diederick, Roy E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Gen. Del., Frank- Diehl,' Clarence, Pvt., Co. F, 92 N. Brownell St., Chilli- cothe, Ohio Diehm, Gustave W., Pvt., Co. I, Sterling, Nebraska Dieringeh, Henry J., Pvt., Hq. Co., Toledo, Wash. Dietz, Joseph W., Jr., Pvt., Co. G, Lodi, California Digiorgio, Anselmo, Pvt., Co. I, Rue General Oaorio, 126 Sao Paule, Brazil, S. A. Dillard, Emory, Pvt., Co. I, Mineral Bluff, Georgia Dillard, Robert S., Cpl., Co. D, Belton, Texas Dillin, Hugh, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Volpon, Indiana Dillow, Herbert L., Pvt., Co. A, Cuba, Missouri Dilaorenzo, Luca, Pvt., Co. H, Wesley Hotel, Niles, California Dinwiddie, Ralph, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Deming, Washing- ton Dippel, George J., Cpl., Co. I, 173 Penn Ave., Mt. Oliver, Pennsylvania Dittentholer, George D., Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., 1204 Roose- velt Ave., North Yakima, Washington Dixon, Linzzie It., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Mattoon, Illinois Dobie, Alexander, Sgt., Co. H, 1323 Terry Ave., Seattle, Washington Doble, Milo, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Carrolls, Washington Dodge, Clifford A., Sgt., Co. C, Valley Falls, Kansas Dodge, Glenn R., Hq. Co., Bordeaux, Washington Doering, Oscar W., Cpl., Co. E, 2510 Fourth Ave., Spokane, Washington Doggett, Joseph R., Pvt., Co. L, Lara, Virginia Doherty, Frank P., Major, 1st Bn., 1814 S. Grand Ave., Los Angeles, California Doing, Frank G., Pvt., Co. M, R. R. No. 4, Box 51, Paines- ville, Ohio Dolan, John J., Pvt., Co. E, St. Claire, Pennsylvania Dole, Virgil, Cook, Co. H, Woodland, California Donaghy, Michael, Pvt., Co. E, Ehrenfeld, Cambria County, Pennsylvania Donahoe, Frank T., Pvt., Co. I, Paris, Montana Donahue, Joseph E., Pvt., Co. L, Mackay, Idaho Donoghue, Stephen M., Pvt., Co. A, 734 Elizabeth St., San Francisco, California Donovan, George M., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., 640 N. Brendo St., Los Angeles, California Doolittle, Lloyd A., Cpl., Co. D, 134 W. White St., Grand Junction, Colorado Dorenkamp, Anthony P., Pvt., Co. E, 7249 Semington Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Dornseif, Lorenz A., Mus., Hq. Co., Orange, California Dornseif, Philip L., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Orange, Cali- fornia Dotseth, Kristian M., Pvt., Co. I, Einastranden P. O. V. Toton, Norway, Europe 252 Dougherty, James F., Pvt., Co. E, 16 Brainard St., Phil- lipsborg, New York Dow, Joseph H., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1267 Johnson Ave., San Diego, California Dowell, Emerson E., Pvt., Hq. Co., 223 2nd Ave., W., Seattle, Washington Downey, Glen, Sgt., Co. D, Palouso, Washington Downing, Wallace T., Captain, Co. B, 589 Drexel Ave., Glencoe, Blinois Doxstater, Benjamin, Pvt., Co. I, Kallispell, Montana Doyle, Patrick A., Pvt., Co. I, North Bend, Nebraska Dozier, John L., Pvt. 1 el., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 1, Indian- apolis, Oklahoma Drake, LaVerne C, Pvt. 1 el., Co. G, 300 Church St., Whitewater, Wisconsin Draper, Cecil H., Bugler 1 el., Co. G, 1338 St. Helens Ave., Centralia, Washington Drawdy, Charles N., Pvt., Co. B, Waltersboro, South Carolina Drewek, Conrad, Pvt., Co. K, 665 Arthur Ave., Milwau- kee, Wisconsin Drewitzke, Emil, Pvt., Co. H, 620 N. Garrison, St. Louis, Missouri Driscoll, Peter J., Pvt., Co. A, 1015 St. Ange Ave., St. Louis, Missouri Driscoll, Philip S., Pvt., Co. I, Alliance, Nebraska Drishinski, Peter, Pvt., Co. I, Conrad, Montana Drtjffel, Joseph F., Cpl., Co. M, Colton, Washington Dua, Israel, Pvt., Co. K, 1254 Kimball Hall, Chicago, Illinois Duane, Victor E., Pvt., Co. I, Oak Harbor, Washington Dubach, Marvin R., Cpl., Co. E, Auburn, Wyoming Duffy, John A., Pvt., Co. F, 748^ S. Main St., Butte, Montana Duffy, Joseph E., Pvt. 1 el., Co. H, 2887 22nd St., San Francisco, California Duggan, Austin, Sgt., Hq. Co., 509 N. 43rd St., Seattle, Washington Duke, Claud L., Pvt. 1 el., Co. D, Halfway, Oregon Duke, Warren L., Pvt. 1 el., Co. L, Eureka, Utah Dukes, Kenneth D., Pvt., Med. Det., Saratoga, Wyoming Dunbar, Roy W., Musician, Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Box 91, Seattle, Washington Duncan, Donald D., Cpl., Co. I, Humbolt, Illinois Dunkel, Herman J., Pvt. 1 el., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. A, Box 240, Sanger, California Dunkelberger, Harold I., Pvt. 1 el., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 105, Olympia, Washington Dunn, Charles D., Pvt., Co. H, 509 Columbia St., Cle- burne, Texas Dunn, Thomas E., 1st Lt., Co. M, 83 Walton St., Saratoga Springs, New York Dunne, Charles P., Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 2, Box 57, Langford, South Dakota Dunnigan, Joseph L., Pvt., M. G. Co., 938 Grove St., Avoca, Pennsylvania Duquette, Oliver, Pvt., Co. F, 983 S. Normandie St., Los Angeles, California Durick, John J., Pvt., Co. I, Portage, Wisconsin Durst, Edward A., Pvt. 1 el., Co. M, Pomeroy, Ohio Dutscher, Dwight E., Cook, Hq. Co., Route 1, Box 119, Snohomish, Washington Duval, Charles H., Pvt., Co. E, P. O. Box 1998, Bisbie, Duvall, Edmond T., 1st Lt., Co. G, 1316 First St., Louis- ville, Kentucky Dvorak, Frank, Sgt., Hq. Co., Aberdeen, Idaho Dwyer, Frank J., Pvt., Co. L, 645 State St., Tacoma, Washington Dwyer, William C, 2nd Lt., Co. G, 438 River St., Water- bury, Connecticut Dycus, John O., Pvt., Co. B, Waltonville, Illinois Dyberg, Herman, Pvt. 1 el., Med. Det., 1226 35th Ave., Oakland, California Dyksterhuis, Bert, Musician, Hq. Co., Lyndon, Wash- ington Dyreborg, Lewis B., 1st Sgt., M. G. Co., Box 281, Route A, Fresno, California Eakin, Billy J., Mechanic, Co. H, 1827 N. 53rd St., Seattle, Washington East, William H., Sgt., Co. E, 517 Franklin St., West Reading, Pennsylvania Easter, Millard J., Sgt., Co. M, Cabinot, Idaho Echolds, Eli F., 1st Lt., Co. H, Windfall, Indiana Eckert, Mathew L., Pvt., Med. Det., 1613 Warren Ave., Seattle, Washington Eckman, Andrew W., Pvt., Co. A, Latah, Washington Economou, John G., Pvt., Co. H, 1424 1st Ave., Seattle, Washington Eddy, Bret W., Lt. Col., 361st Inf., 510 Clarence St., Lake Charles, Louisiana Eddy, Elmon E., Pvt., Co. E, R. R. No. 6, Quaker City, Ohio Eder, Walter W., Pvt., Co. L, 2727 Warren Ave., Seattle, Washington Edgerly, Amos M., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 3, Pataskala, Ohio Edwards, Donald C, Sgt., Co. H, 4534 44th Ave., S. W., Seattle, Washington Edwards, Frederick L., Pvt., M. G. Co., Adair, Idaho Edwards, Herbert S., Pvt., Co. H, 1508 Ralston Ave, Burlingamo, California Edwards, John O., Pvt., M. C. Co., Doon, Iowa Egnot, George J., Pvt., Co. E, 86 Sibley St., Ashtabula, Ohio Ehnes, Joseph M., Pvt., Co. I, 585 Charles St., St. Paul, Minnesota Eidsvick, Ludvig R., Cpl., Co. H, Seattle, Washington Eiselstein, Raymond D., Pvt., Hq. Co., Pomeroy, Ohio Eisenbeis, Gilbert S., Pvt., Co. E, 1017 Railway St., Williamsport, Pennsylvania Eklund, Harry, Pvt., Hq. Co., 1015 Arnold Ave., Hoquiam, Washington Eklund, Matt A., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1015 Arnold Ave., Hoqui- am, Washington Elder, George T., Sgt., Enlisted Ordinance Corps, De- catur, Texas Elliott, Harry S., Cpl., Co. H, 2637 N. 86th St., Seattle, Washington Ellis, Lester M., 1st Lt., Co. L, care of Y. M. C. A., Tacoma, Washington Elmore, Samuel H., Cook, Co. I, 604 S. 7th Ave., Yakima, Washington Elswyk, Jacob J. V., Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 2, Holtville California Emow, Fran C, Sgt., Co. C, 309 N. 6th St., Boise, Idaho Engelmann, Henry A., Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 4, Ed- wardsville, Illinois Engkraf, John J., Cpl., Co. F, Rupert, Idaho Engstrom, Jay C, Cook, Co. A, Poplar, Montana Engvall, Mandus G., Pvt., Med. Dept., Vega, Washington Enright, William F., Pvt., Co. I, Elkhom, Wisconsin Epperson, Fredrick W., Cpl., Co. A, 12th & Vine St., Port Angeles, Washington Epply, Rudolph J., Pvt., Co. H, P. O. Box 775, Maricopa, California Erbe, Robert C, Pvt., Co. D, 2513 E. 57th St., Los Angeles, California Ergles, Joseph U., Pvt., Hq. Co., Lawrence, Washington Erickbon, Albert, Pvt., Co. G, Quincy, Oregon Erickson, Albert J., Pvt., Co. D, 2717 N. Mozart St., Chicago, Illinois Erickson, Harry W., Sgt., Co. L, 4269 Aurora Ave., Seattle, Washington Erickson, James O., Cpl., Hq. Co., 6th Ave. Station, Tacoma, Washington Erickson, John M., Pvt., Co. F, Jarfvorey No. 4, Soder- telge, Sweden Erickson, John T., Pvt., Co. H, P. O. Box 14, Shoshone, Idaho Erickson, Lee, Cpl., Co. H, Springfield, Utah Erickson, Leif, Cpl., Hq. Co., Box 355, Yakima, Wash- ington Erickson, Peter, Pvt., Co. M, 1214 Polk St., San Francisco, California Ericson, Carl F., Pvt., nq. Co., 802 Eastlake Ave., Seattle, Washington Erman, Gerard M., Pvt., Hq. Co., 344 Jones St., San Francisco, California Erramouspe, Gaston, Pvt., Hq. Co., Geneva, Idaho Ersland, Nels L., Wagoner, Hq. Co., 951 N. 7th St., St. Paul, Minnesota Erving, Lester, Pvt., Co. I, 1226 13th St., Loraine, Ohio Eslinger, Clifford P., Pvt., M. G. Co., 223 Butler St., Cincinnati, Ohio Estill, Henry L., Cpl., Co. E, Tulare, California Etchemendy, Laurent, Pvt., Co. F, Buffalo, Wyoming Eustis, Harry V., Pvt., Co. F, 461 N. Fremont Ave., Los Angeles, California Evans, Gregg M., 1st Lt., Co. G, Emporia, Kansas Evans, Joseph, Pvt., Co. B, Flora, Illinois Evans, Morgan L., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D., Garfield, Washington Evans, Roy T„ Musician, Hq. Co., 650 W. Grand Ave., Pomona, California Evans, Simon P., Pvt., Co. I, 6456 O'Dell St., St. Louia, Missouri Evans, William C, Pvt., Co. D, Danville, Virginia 253 Everett, Terrance, Pvt., Co. F, Salem, Arkansas Everhart, Clarence I., Pvt., Co. I, Upper Sandusky, Ohio Everitt, Wilfred M., Cpl., Hq. Co., 1851 E. 22nd St., Los Angeles, California Evertsen, Jalmar, Cpl., Co. B, 2629 N. Monticello Ave., Chicago, Illinois Ewino, Thomas H., Pvt., Co. F, U. S. Land Office, Billings, Montana Ezell, Gale, Pvt., Co. C, Delark, Arkansas Faber, Peter G., Pvt., Co. E, Lincoln St., Olympia, Washington Fader, Warren A., Pvt., Co. F, 606 Lincoln Ave., Mt. Vernon, Washington Fagundes, Joe, Pvt., Co. E, 3127 McKinzey Ave., Fresno, California Fainter, Oscar J., Pvt., Co. A, Higby, Missouri Fairchild, Frederick T., 1st Lt., Co. G, Seattle, Wash- ington Fakkema, Edd, Pvt., Co. B, Oak Harbor, Washington Falbo, Joseph, Pvt., Co. B, Sand Point, Idaho Falk, John V., Pvt., Co. L, 1002 E. 1st St., Aberdeen, Washington Fallon, John J., Sgt., Co. D, Rochester, Minnesota Fancher, Leslie I., Pvt., Sup. Co., Algona, Washington Fanning, Fred J., Pvt., Co. K, North Manchester, Indiana Fanning, Sherman W.; Pvt., Co. L, Gibson, Montana Farison, Raymond W., Pvt., Co. E, 126 Adams St., Fre- mont, Ohio Farmer, Fred L., Pvt., Co. H, Ballingar, Texas Farnham, Arthur N., Cpl., Co. F, Maxwell, Idaho Farraro, Annibale, Pvt., Co. H, 4113 West St., Oakland, California Farrell, Bruce M., Pvt., Co. A, Mt. Vernon, Washington Farrell, Talbert J., Pvt., Hq. Co., Route 45, Rupert, Idaho Farris, Homer, Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 11, Paris, Illinois Fascillo, Ralph, Pvt., Co. I, 1532 N. 5th Ave., Troy, New York Faulkner, Harry W., Pvt., Co. E, 1409 C. 1st St., San Jose, California Faust, Joseph W., Sgt., Co. I, Shelton Ave., Nashville, Tennessee Fawcett, Franklin D., Cpl., Co. D, Central Ave., Cedar- hurst, Long Island, New York Feauve, Hector A., Pvt., Co. F, 2026 Freemansburg Ave., Easton, Pennsylvania Feeback, Albert, Sgt., Co. D, N. Hamilton St., George- town, Kentucky Feeney, Martin, Pvt., Co. H, San Mateo, California Feist, Carl F., Pvt., Co. D, Stony Ridge, Ohio Feit, Ralph W., Pvt., Co. G, Columbia City, Indiana Feitelberg, Mayer N., Pvt., Co. B, 1752 Natona St., San Francisco, California Felter, Roy, Pvt., Hq. Co., 6021 7th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Fennessy, Harry F., Pvt., Co. C, Locust Dale, Pennsyl- vania Ferguson, Arthur B., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, New Lexington, Ohio Ferguson, Frank B., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, Elders- ville, Pennsylvania Ferguson, Lewis J., Pvt., Co. G, 453 Windsor St., Marion, Ohio Ferrin, David W., Pvt., Co. G, 516 Ellis St., San Francisco, California Fiedler, Geo. W., Cpl., Co. E, 509 E. 6th St., Seymore, Indiana Fields, Clifford J., Pvt., Co. B, 206 W. Jefferson St., Casey, Illinois Fields, Lester K., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Coal Grove, Ohio Finley, Edgar T., Pvt., Co. I, 2202 Blackwood Ave., Sullivan, Illinois Finley, Harold V., Cpl., Co. E, 1302 Warren Ave., Bremer- ton, Washington Finley, Su, Pvt., Co. L, 511 S. Clay St., Sturgis, Michigan Finney, Cha. F., Pvt., Co. D, 311 Logan St., Circleville, Ohio Finzer, John O., Sgt., Co. K, South Park, Kentucky Firenzo, Alfonso, Pvt., Co. E, 449 Broadway, San Fran- cisco, California Fisch, William N., Pvt., Co. I, Brownsville, Minnesota Fischer, William M., Pvt., Co. E, Lansdale, Pennsylvania Fishan, Howard J., Pvt., M. G. Co., 416 11th Ave., W., Duluth, Minnesota Fisher, Henry A., Pvt., Med. Det., Walker, Oregon Fisher, William H., Pvt., Co. L, Creston, Washington Fitzpatrick, Anthony J., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1725 Dolores, San Francisco, California Fjeran, Oscar I., Bugler, Co. M, Powers Lake, North Dakota Flagg, John A., 2nd Lt., Co. E, 66 Edgeworth St., Wor- cester, Massachusetts Fleming, Alexander, Pvt., M. G. Co., 1109 N. Court St., Marion, Illinois Flick, Henry G., Pvt., Co. C, 42 E. 4th St., Bloomburg, Pennsylvania Flier, Joseph J., Pvt., Co. A, 7732 Virginia Ave., St. Louis. Missouri Flippence, William A., Pvt., Co. C, Lewiston, Utah Flores, Nicanor, Pvt., Co. K, Soqueyor, Philippine Is- lands Flynn, William T., Pvt., Co. E, 526 Orchard St., Edwards- ville, Illinois Foehner, Otto W., Pvt., Co. D, El Campo, Texas Fogerty, James J., Pvt., Co. G, 3037 Madison St., St. Louis, Missouri Foote, Lorenzo S., 2nd Lt., Co. I, Stronghurst, Illinois Fondren, Willie B., Pvt., Co. E, Box 313, North Yakima, Washington Fong Gui Duck, Pvt., Hq. Co., 209 Yesler Way, Seattle, Washington Fontes, Tony, Pvt., Co. A, 1421 18th Ave., E., Oakland, California Foreman, Samuel E., Pvt., Co. F, Osceola Mills, Pennsyl- vania Forsyth, Harry N., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Mabton, Wash- ington Fort, James H., Pvt., Co. B, Casey, Illinois Fortado, Manuel, Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 3, Jackson- ville, Illinois Fortune, James C, Captain, Co. L, 1351 Sutter St., San Francisco, California Fosberg, Arthur J., Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 4, Odessa, Washington Fossan, Jakob, Pvt., Co. G, 2012 6th Ave., Seattle, Wash- ington Foster, Charles H., Cpl., Co. A, Anaconda, Montana Fotland, Martin, Pvt., Co. G, 5701 Grand Ave., West Duluth, Minnesota Fouch, Albert M., Pvt., Co. M, 4413 Verne St., Cincinnati, Ohio Fournier, Louis, Captain, Co. C, Havren, Montana Foutch, James, Pvt., Co. I, Broughton, Illinois Fowler, Chelcey M., Pvt., Co. K, 661 M St., Fresno, California Fowler, Jasper, Pvt., Co. B, 412 Jackson St., Lawrence, South Carolina Fox, William L., Pvt., Co. B, 1116 S. Buchanan St., Marion, Illinois Frame, Charles M., Pvt., Hq. Co., 905 N. Lafayette St., Valpariso, Indiana Frampton, Jesse J., Cpl., M. G. Co., 1410 W. 4th St., Los Angeles, California Francis, Archibald C, Cpl., Co. F, Box 1315, Boise, Idaho Francis, William I. J., Cpl., Hq. Co., 5353 Crescent St., Rainier Beach, Seattle, Washington Franck, Howard R., Pvt., Co. C, Clovis, California Franken, John B., Pvt., Hq. Co., Glouster, Ohio Franklin, George C, Pvt., Co. F, 817 S. 17th St., Mattoon, Illinois Franklin, McKinley, Cook, Co. E, R. F. D. No. 3, Shoals, Indiana Frasier, Everett J., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 4, Cald- well, Idaho Frazer, Raymond A., Cpl., Co. H, 1020 Grand Ave., Lara- mie, Wyoming Frazier, Claude, Sgt., Co. F, Colfax, Washington Frear, Fred L., Pvt., Co. G, Orfino, Idaho Frechou, Mike A., Pvt., Co. L, Route A, Box 143, Fresno, California Freedman, Jacob, Pvt., M. G. Co., 307 Penn Ave., Scran- ton, Pennsylvania Freidman, Edgar H., Musician, Hq. Co., Circleville, Ohio Freilich, Samuel, Pvt., Co. M, 1340 Bryden Road, Colum- bus, Ohio Freund, Edward J., Pvt., Hq. Co., Route 1, Box 48, Spen- cerville, Ohio Frey, Alvin L., Pvt., Co. E, Highland, Illinois Frey, Carl J., Pvt., Co. E, 564 Grove St., Columbus, Ohio Frey, Charles T., Sgt., Co. E, 111 W. Iowa St., Evans- ville, Indiana Freidman, Gregory, Sgt., Co. B, Mountain Home, Idaho Friel, Frank J., Pvt., M. G. Co., 606 Belmont Ave., Easton, Pennsylvania 254 Friemoth, Franck A., Pvt., Co. C, 204 E. 5th St., Dekphon, Ohio Fries, Adolph H., Pvt., M. G. Co., Route 6, Box 69, Marion, Illinois Friggens, William J., Pvt., Hq. Co., 363 W. Exchange, Akron, Ohio Frisbee, Bertie, Pvt., Co. H, Clara, Missouri Fritz, Henry, Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 4, Warrenton, Missouri Froman, Hjalmar, Sgt., Co. D, Murphy, Idaho Frost, Henry, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 4, Robinson, Illinois Fry, George C., Pvt., Co. I, 42 Butler St., Penbrook, Pennsylvania Fry, Ned G., Pvt., Co. C, Westover, Pennsylvania Fry, William J., Cpl., Co. L, Malad, Idaho Fuda, Frank, Pvt., Co. I, Reggio-Calabria-Rochel Toncia, Italy Fugere, Napoleon, Pvt., Co. A, Horace, North Dakota Fuller, Arlie, Cpl., Co. K, Milton, Oregon Fuller, Earl W., Pvt., Co. C, Wolf Point, Montana Fuller, Walter, Pvt., Co. L, Walla Walla, Washington Funderburk, Elmer, Pvt., Hq. Co., 611 Gandy Ave., Taylorville, Illinois Funke, Leo C, Sup. Sgt., Co. D, Cottonwood, Idaho Furguson, Cleo F., Pvt., Co. F, Humbolt, Illinois Furnia, Arthur M., Band Sgt., Hq. Co., Montesano, Washington Fusco, Francesco, Pvt., Co. F, 534 N. Bromley Ave., Scranton, Pennsylvania Fynskov, Martin P., Pvt., Co. D, Osakis, Minnesota Gacketetter, Will L., Pvt., Co. E, Lake Benton, Minne- sota Gadsby, William, Mus., Hq. Co., Ilwaco, Washington Gaesser, Alphons P., Pvt., Co. K, Troy, Indiana Gegan, Charles A, Pvt., Co. B, 404 Shriff St., Paris, Illinois Gagliardi, Domenick, Cook, Co. C, 210 22nd Ave. S., Seattle, Washington Gagnier, Felix, Pvt., Co. D, 328 Florida St., St. Paul, Minnesota Gainford, Bernard J., Pvt., Co. L, 1624 Superior St., Cleveland, Ohio Galego, Francisco B., Pvt., Co. G, Farmington, California Gallagher, Cornelius J., Pvt., Co. E, 566 38th Ave., San Francisco, California Gallegos, Pass, Pvt., Co. D, Aguilar, Colorado Gallucci, Rocco, Pvt., Co. D, 280 1st St., Portland, Oregon Gamperline, Edward C, Pvt., Co. D, 912 7th St., Port Smith, Ohio Gannon, Joseph R., Pvt., Co. H, West Salem, Ohio Gannon, Harry J., Pvt., Co. M, 336>i 2nd Ave., San Francisco, California Garber, Oscar N., Pvt., Sup. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Bracts, Nebraska Gardiner, Frank L., Pvt., Co. H, 507 Laughlin, The Dalles, Oregon Gardner, Herman, Pvt., Co. I, North Bend, Oregon Gardner, Sidney, Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D., Clovis, California Garrison, Orville D., Pvt., Co. G, Scappoose, Oregon Garry, Charles J., Pvt., Co. D, Yale, South Dakota Gasser, August R., Pvt., Co. L, Fremont, Ohio Gates, John A., Pvt., Co. E, Amhurst, Ohio Gates, Perry E., Musician, Hq. Co., Geona, Nance Co., Gatto, Frank B., Musician, Hq. Co., 2437 Polk St., San Francisco, California Gatzee, Emil H., Pvt., Co. B, De Sart, North Dakota Gaumer, Daniel H., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1612 Linden Ave., Zanesville, Ohio Gaxiola, Phillip J., Pvt., Co. D, King City, California Gieger, Charles H., Pvt., Co. K, 857 Thistle St., Seattle, Washington Gehres, Ignatius V., Pvt., Co. I, 330 E. Boone Ave., Spo- kane, Washington Gendreau, George E., Pvt., Co. F, Choteau, Montana Gendrow, Frank, Pvt., Co. B, Virginia City, Montana George, Owne, Pvt., Co. B, 1205 Eastern Ave., Conners- ville, Indiana Gerber, Richard A., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1109 San Pedro, Los Angeles, California Gerlach, Edward F., Sgt., Hq. Co., 765 Hayes St., Seattle, Washington Gerleman, Joseph, Pvt., Co. B, Selma, Montana Gerlits, Val F., Sgt., Co. D, 1546 9th St., Santa Monica, California Getz, Edward J., Pvt., Med. Det., 1504 N. Taylor Ave., St. Louis, Missouri Ghaner, Floyd W., Pvt., Co. F, Benore, Pennsylvania Gherardini, Guy, Pvt., M. G. Co., Tovey, Illinois Gainfelice, Nick, Pvt., Co. A, P. O. 138, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania Giannone, Giovanni, Pvt., Co. K, 27 Masonic Ave., San Francisco, California Gibbons, Abb E., Cook, Co. D, 1924 Cordova St., Los Angeles, California Gibbons, James F., Pvt., Co. C, 411 W. 2nd St., Los An- geles, California Gibbs, Frank J., Pvt., Co. E, 1122 27th Ave., N., Minne- apolis, Minnesota Gibson, Charlis H., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Kimbol- ton, Ohio Gibson, William E., Pvt., Co. B, 341 Harrison St., Portland, Oregon Gibson, William F., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Aurora, Oregon Gieger, Arthur H., Cpl., Hq. Co., 918 S. 4th St., Tacoma, Washington Gifford, Clarence E., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Wheelersburg, Ohio Gigear, Wilford M., Cpl., Co. B, Bison, South Dakota Gilbert, Albert L., Pvt., M. G. Co., 2901 Elliott Ave., Minneapolis, Minnesota Gilbert, Curtiss R., Captain, Co. F, Yakima, Washington Gilbertson, Philip N., Pvt., Co. A, Clarissa, Minnesota Gilchrist, Herbert, Wag., Sup. Co., 1906 14th Ave. S., Seattle, Washington Giles, Chrispen A., Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 2, Toshes, Virginia Gill, John A., Pvt., Co. C, Thompsonville, Illinois Gill, Melvin, Pvt., Co. D, Florence, Washington Gill, Michael J., Pvt., Co. F, 320 10th St., Phillipsburg, Pennsylvania Gillespie, Homer H., Pvt., Co. D, Brownsville, Nebraska Gillette, Vivian L., Pvt., Co. A, Belleville, Wisconsin Gilman, Charles E, Bugler, Co. E, Hailey, Idaho Ginther, Noble G., Pvt., Co. A, Bonegap, Illinois Gievenco, Joe, Cpl., Co. M, 5116 Concord PI., Chicago, Illinois Gisselberg, Walter, Sup. Sgt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 1, West Port, Oregon Giuriato, Ettore, Pvt., Co. F, Box 112, Antioch, California Givan, Frank L., Pvt., Co. B, Elizabethtown, Kentucky Glickman, David, Cpl., Hq. Co., Oakland Bank of Savings, Bldg., Oakland, California Goble, Wade, Captain, Co. H, Baker, Montana Godwin, William T., Pvt., Hq. Co., Parma, Idaho Goertz, David D., Wagoner, Sup. Co., R. F. D. No. 4, Hillsboro, Kansas Goetting, William G., Pvt., Co. D, Red Bud, Illinois Goin, Edward D., Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Box 22, Lenore, Idaho Goin, Emery M., Cook, Sup. Co., 1225 N. 11th St., East St. Louis, Missouri Goin, Irel L., Cpl., Co. C, Echo, Oregon Goist, Clarence E., Cook, Hq. Co., South Prairie, Wash- ington Goldstein, Eliss, Pvt., Co. B, 2818 Cumming St., Omaha, Nebraska Gooding, Clarence C, Pvt., Co. B, Everson, Washington Goodman, Clifford, Pvt., Co. D, Brownstown, Illinois Goodman, Henry, Pvt., Co. C, 110 Hoffman Ave., San Francisco, California Goodman, Leifur, Cpl., Co. A, Alta Vista P. O., Burnaby, B.C., Canada Goodwin, Louis E., Pvt., Co. H, 138 9th St., Oakland, California Goodwin, Schyler, 2nd Lt., Co. C, 49 John St., New York City, New York Goonan, William, Sgt., Sup. Co., 1826 E. 42nd St., Los Angeles, California Gordon, Albert H., Pvt., Co. E, 1310 Main St., Cincinnati, Ohio Gordon, Cedric F., Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 3, Winchester, Illinois Gosejohan, William F., Pvt., Co. C, R. R. No. 1, Sparta, Illinois Goss, Steve, Cook, Hq. Co., 101 Madison St., Spokane, Washington Gotz, Frederick, Pvt., Co. C, R. R. No. 2, Auburndale, Wisconsin Goude, Harry T., Pvt., Co. C, Hooper, Washington Goulding, William A., Pvt. Co. I, 2029 N. Racine Ave., Chicago, Illinois Goumany, John F., Cpl., Co. E, 1585 E. Vernon Ave., Los Angeles, California Grabert, Rudolph A., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 2, Broken Bow, Nebraska 255 Graden, Frederick W., Pvt., Sup. Co., 7237 44th Ave., S. W., Seattle, Washington Graehener, Alfred C., Sgt., Co. D, Giflord, Idaho Graff, Edward J., Pvt., Co. C, 1534 N. 4th St., Mankato, Minnesota Graham, James L., Pvt., Co. E, Paradise, California Graham, John S., Mechanic, Co. D, Frazee, Minnesota Graham, Lesley B., Pvt., Co. L, Bayside, California Graham, Mathew F., Pvt., Hq. Co., Stenington, Illinois Granquist, Sigfred C, Cpl., Co. K, 416H Denny Way, Seattle, Washington Grant, Lloyd, Pvt., Co. D, 810 E. 5th St., Northfield, Minnesota Graves, Buhhell P., Mechanic, Co. G, St. Helens, Oregon Graves, John W., Pvt., Co. H, 315 Madison St., Monroe, Washington Gravanis, Athanasios, Cpl., Co. A, 207 W. Main St., Mar- ion, Illinois Gray, Clarence, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Farmington, Illinois Gray, Everett J., 2nd Lt., 598 Walsworth Ave., Oakland, California Gray, Frank O., Pvt., Co. G, Sisters, Oregon Gray, Raymond W., Pvt., M. G. Co., Oak Grove, Kentucky Ghidiah, Vaso J., Mess Sgt., Hq. Co., 644 N. Broadway, Los Angeles, California Greear, Thomas J., Pvt., Co. B, 1100 Plymouth Bldg., Minneapolis, Minnesota Green, Elmer J., Cpl., Co. M, Winslow, Indiana Green, Forrest H., Cpl., Co. F, 8333 Dallas Ave., Seattle, Washington Green, John E., Pvt., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 1, Ogden, Utah Green, Leslie E., Pvt., Co. C, Raccoon Island, Ohio Green, Louis A., Pvt., Co. F, 87 N. Milton St., St. Paul, Minnesota Green, Nicholai, Cpl., Co. H, Arlington, Washington Greenberg, Rudi, Pvt., Co. L, 1742 Market St., San Diego, California Greenblatt, Joseph, Cook, Co. C, Box 464, Bozeman, Montana Greene, Howard M., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. Martins Ferry, Ohio Greene, Ray L., Pvt., Co. A, Red Key, Indiana Greene, Stanley P., Cpl., Co. H, 5010 7th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Washington Greenlees, Thomas, Sgt., Co. G, 712 11th Ave., N., Seattle, Washington Greenwald, Murray, Pvt., Co. M, 976 Washington Ave., Bronx, New York City, New York Gregory, Vincent K., Pvt., Co. A, 119 E. 28th St., New York Greimes, Grover C, Sup. Sgt., Sup. Co., 901 E. 70th St., Seattle, Washington Greive, Frank F., Pvt., M. G. Co., Edinburgh, Illinois Greeny, Martin, Pvt., Co. L, Opportunity, Washington Gresham, Frank S., Pvt., Co. G, Newlin, Texas Grider, Albert, Pvt., Co. H, Bass, Alabama Griffin, Chester E., Cpl., Co. C, 17th and Yarva, Tuston, California Griffin, Edmond, Pvt., Co. D, Klaber, Washington Griffin, Elzie, Pvt., Co. A, 505 Broadway, Harrison, Ohio Griffin, Herman W., Cpl., M. G. Co., Tustin, California Griffin, Lloyd H., 1st Sgt., Hq. Co., Gen. Del., Marshall, North Carolina Griffith, Harley K., Pvt., Hq. Co., 436 Hazelwood Ter- race, Rochester, New York Grigatis, Boleslaw, Pvt., Co. F, W. Railroad St., Heindel- burg, Pennsylvania Grim, Wheeler L., Pvt., Co. G, Mandale, Ohio Grimm, Thomas D., Pvt., Co. D, 4724 S. Normandie St., Los Angeles, California Grindstaff, John L., Pvt., Co. K, Marysville, Tennessee Grono, Bert W., Pvt., Co. D, Litchfield, Minnesota Groom, William R., Pvt., Co. E, Hackberry, Kansas Groome, Sherman, Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D., Edinburgh, Illinois Groscost, John E., Pvt., Hq. Co., 61 S. Mulberry St., Mansfield, Ohio Gross, John P., Pvt., Co. A, Plentywood, Montana Gross, Samuel S., Pvt., Co. C, 217 W. 79th St., Los Angeles, California Grote, Frederick A., Pvt., Med. Det., R. F. D. No. 2, Box 107, Tacoma, Washington Gruber, Andrew, Pvt., Co. D, Breda, Iowa Grumling, Lee G., Pvt., Hq. Co., 88 Highland Ave., Mansfield, Ohio Grzegorek, Frank S., Pvt., Co. F, 2305 N. Oakley Ave., Chicago, Illinois Guasti, Frank, Cpl., Co. D, 2828 National Ave., San Diego, California Guenthner, Martin J., Pvt., Co. G, 1528 Washington Ave., Piqua, Ohio Guenther, Otto D., Cpl., Co. H, Orange, California Guerriero, Santonio, Pvt., Hq. Co., 16 Terrace St., Youngstown, Ohio Guinnip, Raymond P., Pvt., Co. K, Compton, Illinois Guinotte, Leonard W., Pvt., Co. K, 1725 S. 19th St., Omaha, Nebraska Guirado, Larcus, Cpl., Co. K, Clayton, California Gulbrandsen, George, Pvt., Co. C, 511 S. 7th St., Tacoma, Washington Gustafson, Alfred, Cook, Co. D, Elma, Washington Gustafson, Carl G., Pvt., C. M, 620 Knight St., Miles City, Montana Gustafson, Otto E., Pvt., Co. B, Wahoo, Nebraska Gustafson, SwanE., Pvt., Co. A, Unityville, South Dakota Guterson, Benjamin, Pvt., Co. G, 715 15th Ave., Seattle, Washington Guymon, Melvin E., Pvt., Co. I, Ucon, Idaho Guymon, Vernone B., Pvt., Co. I, Ucon, Idaho Haas, Albert J., 1st Lt., Co. D, 218 9th St., S., Bismark, North Dakota Haase, John C, Pvt., Co. E, 1234 Ashland St., South Greenburg, Pennsylvania Haberman, Richard, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Steelville, Illinois Hadley, Ralph C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 32 S. 5th St., Alaham- bra, California Haering, Norbert G., Pvt., Co. F, 2135 Gest St., Cincin- nati, Ohio Hafford, Edward J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Benicia, California Hage, Leo, Cpl., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 1, Belva, North Da- kota Hagerty, Paul C, Pvt. 1 cl., Sup. Co., 1028 Ravenna Blvd., Seattle, Washington Haggerty, Owen B., Pvt., Co. F, 8026 15th St., Seattle, Washington Haines, James J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 126 1st St., Ashland, Oregon Hall, Clarence E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 923 E. John St., Seattle, Washington Hall, Royal A., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 3, Bellaire, Ohio Hall, Taylor, Pvt., Co. F, Pikeville, Tennessee Hallam, Glen C, Sgt., Co. D, 826 W. 6th St., Moscow, Idaho Hallan, Raymond H., Pvt., Co. L, Burnt Prairie, Illinois Hallett, Louis H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Aberdeen, South Dakota Halsey, George J., Cpl., Co. B, Box 91, Fort Wates, North Dakota Halsey, Michael, Pvt., Co. B, Box 91, Fort Wates, North Dakota Hambling, Sidney, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Box 22, Fernwood, Idaho Hamil, Charles T., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 362 W. 54th St., Los Angeles, California Hamill, Daniel J., Sgt., M. G. Co., 4101 Brooklyn Ave., Seattle, Washington Hamilton, Frank, Cpl., Co. F, 402 N. L. St., Livingston, Montana Hamilton, Frank E., Cpl., Co. M, Salmon, Idaho Hamilton, Harry L., Cook, M. G. Co., 2049 Madison Rd., Cincinnati, Ohio Hammer, Roy E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., R. F. D. No. l.Elber- ton, Washington Hammerberg, Alfred E., Pvt., Co. B, Route No. 1, Clin- ton, Minnesota Hanan, Ralph B., Pvt., Sup. Co., Coloflats, Colorado Hancock, Clarence, Pvt., M. G. Co., Alpine, Kentucky Hane, Harry N., Pvt., Co. B, Lincolnville, Kansas Hanebutt, Henry, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, Evansville, Illinois Haney, Albert H., Pvt., Co. K, 545 City Park Ave., Columbus, Ohio Hanks, Alvin M., Cpl., Co. F, Burnt Fork, Wyoming Hanks, Howard D., Mechanic, Co. F, Heber City, Utah Hansen, George B., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Box 48, Gonzales, California Hansen, Harry, Pvt., Co. B, 2106 W. 5th St., Davenport, Iowa Hansen, Peter, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 2622 50th St. S. W., Seattle, Washington Hansen, Raymond H., Mechanic, Sup. Co., Renton, Washington Hanson, Arthur J., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 4, Box 70, Detroit, Minnesota Hanson, Ben, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Valdez, Alaska Hanson, Hans T., Pvt., Co. B, Fairfield, Montana Hanson, Helmar, Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 51, Willow Lake, South Dakota Hanson, Joseph B, Pvt., Co. L, 1006 W. Cedar St., Missoula, Montana 256 Hanson, William, Pvt., Co. C, 133 W. 5th N., Salt Lake City, Utah Hardacre, Christopher W., lat Lt., 62 Maple St., Wiuoo- ski, Vermont Harder, Ralph, Pvt., Med. Det., Zenda, Kansas Hardie, James M., Pvt., Co. A, Route A, Box 49, Salinas, California Harding, George S., Cpl., Co. A, 251 Inman St., Cam- bridge, Massachusetts Hardy, Orlado B., 1st St., Co. G, Redmond, Oregon Harke, Henry, Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Itasca, Illinois Harman, Edwin W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, care of Water Ser- vice Dept., Southern Pacific R. R. Co., Sacramento, California Harper, Clarence O., Pvt., Co. A, R.F.D. No. 3, Mendon, Ohio Harper, Earl A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, 1102 W. 51st St., Seattle, Washington Harpster, John L., Pvt., Co. D, 833 River View St., Racine, Wisconsin Harr, Ernest E., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Cheney, Washington Harrington, Jack J., Pvt., M. G. Co., Trona, California Harrington, John V., Sgt., Co. K, 1308 E. Alder St., Seattle, Washington Harris, Ephriam R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Route No. 2, Box 15, Wilkesboro, North Carolina Harris, Flave F., Pvt., Co. I, Arlington, Alabama Harris, Grover C., Pvt., Co. D, Percy, Illinois Harris, Jake, Pvt., Co. C, 2373 E. 59th St., Cleveland, Ohio Harris, James H., Pvt., Co. C, 12 Gladstone Ter., Walker- ville, Montana Harris, John, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Marshfield, Oregon Harris, Newton H., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Woodland, Washington Harrison, Mose C, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Pobo, Tennessee Harris, Thomas A., Pvt., Med. Det., Harriman, Tennessee Hart, Frank, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Colfax, Washington Hartley, Charles W., Sgt., Med. Det., Harvard, Nebraska Hartley, William H., Pvt., Co. B, care of Mrs. Elsie Gliss- man, Millard, Nebraska Hartman, Francis A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, 406 N. 10th St., Lebanon, Pennsylvania Harvey, Nathaniel L., Pvt., Co. H, Igacio, Colorado Hastings, John H., 2nd Lt., Hq. Co., 106 Summit Ave., Clinton, Massachusetts Hatch, Clyde, Pvt., Co. C, Vernal, Utah Haugan, Olaf A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Lebo, Montana Haulet, Emil, Cpl., Co. M, Wilkeson, Washington Hatjpt, Charles G., Pvt., Co. F, 4629 San Francisco St., St. Louis, Missouri Hawkins, Raymond L., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Kensington, Ohio Hayes, George L., Pvt., Hq. Co., Jerusalem, Ohio Hayes, Neal, Pvt., Co. B, R. 9, Mt. Vernon, Illinois Haysley, Roy W., Sgt., Co. M, R. R. No. 22, Sta. H., Louisville, Kentucky Hazard, Harry E., 1st Lt., Co. K, Gaylord, Michigan Hazen, Clyde E., Pvt., Co. D, 631 N. East St., Greens- burg, Indiana Hearty, Edward, Pvt., Co. H, 287 N. 22nd St., Portland, Oregon Heath, Frank, Captain, Hq. Co., Marshfield, Oregon Hecker, Eugene, Pvt., Co. F, 464 Church St., Portland, Oregon Hecl, James, Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 1, Prague, Nebraska Hedderick, George A., Pvt., Co. L, 325 Hanover St., Hamilton, Ohio Hedges, Lacy C, Pvt., Co. F, McClungs, West Virginia Hedrick, Walter E., Pvt., Co. G, Alderson, West Virginia Heenan, Leon J., 1st Lt., 10 Mill Rose St., Springfield, Heether, Robert A., Pvt., Co. L, 1708 S. G. St., Tacoma, Washington Heffner, Samuel, Pvt., Med. Det., Alpha, Idaho Heikka, Charles, Pvt., Co. D, Mt. Solo, Washington Heise, William A., Pvt., Co. G, R. No. 1, Delta, Utah Heldberg, Richard E., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., 268 E. 5th St. N., Logan, Utah Heleniak, Antoni, Pvt., Co. K, 3258 Webb St., Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania Helleotes, Christ J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 521 Santa Clara, Vallejo, California Helligren, Gunnar G., Cpl., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 2, Bow, Washington Hellstrom, Nels, Pvt., Co. L, Minot, South Dakota Helmes, Edmund, Pvt., Co. L, 537 Dandridge St., Cin- cinnati, Ohio Heltzel, John, Pvt., Co. L, Banks, Oregon Helvogt, Herman, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 1, Hills- boro, Oregon Hemf, Frederick, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, 741 Prospect Ave., Steubenville, Ohio Hemphill, Fred C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 307 W. Heron, Aber- deen, Washington Hendershot, Edgel E., Pvt., Co. D, Elmdale, Montana Henderson, Arley, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Moxee City, Wash- ington Henderson, Arthur A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Mapelton, Kansas Henderson, Bert, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Attica, Indiana Henderson, Calvin R., Sgt., Co. E, St. Anthony, Idaho Hendricks, Charles A., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Whiterocka Utah Henger, Cornelius W., Cpl., Co. F, 815 Yesler Way, Seattle, Washington Heninger, Thomas L., Pvt., Co. H, 912 Corbett St., Port- land, Oregon Hennessy, Patrick M., Bugler, Co. G, 1349 3rd Ave., Vancouver, B. C. Henry, David R., Pvt., Co. H, Eolia, Missouri Henry, Robert B., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 54 Warren St., Co- lumbus, Ohio Henry, Thomas M., Pvt., Co. G, 624 S. 2nd St. W., Salt Lake City, Utah Hensel, Roland R., Pvt., Hq. Co., 713 Vinton St., Toledo, Ohio Hensley, Lester L., Pvt., Hq. Co., Woodridge, Virginia Hensley, William, Pvt., Co. E, Manchester, Kentucky Hensley, William O., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Parrotsville, Ten- nessee Henson, James O., Pvt., Co. B, 1017 S. 12th St., Mt. Vernon, Illinois Henton, John E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Quenema, Kansas Hepp, Carl A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 1940 Telegraph Ave., Oakland, California Herberger, Edward, Pvt., Co. D, Sparta, Illinois Herman, William F., Sup. Sgt., Hq. Co., 4332 5th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Herren, Wilson T., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Lake Zurich, Illinois Herron, James M., Pvt., Hq. Co., 120 Ceder St., Sno- homish, Washington Heslop, Edward T., Pvt., Co. C, West Weber, Utah Hesse, Martin H., Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 23, Merced, California Hester, Martin, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, 312 Crescent Ave., San Francisco, Cal. Hetland, Ommund, Pvt., Co. B, Maxbass, North Dakota Hetrick, Henry P., Pvt., Co. H, Springdale, Pennsylvania Hettinger, Nedward J., Pvt., Co. I, Adelphia, Ohio Heun, Clarence, Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 1, Conrad, Montana Hewett, Albert M., Pvt. 1 cl., Sup. Co., 7002 California Ave., Seattle, Washington Higdon, Leroy T., Mechanic, Co. H, Allegree, Kentucky Higgerson, Louis C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Hoquiam, Wash- ington Higgins, James D., Cook, Co. A, 108 Mill St., Paterson, New Jersey Higgs, Lynn L., Pvt., Co. A, Starks, Wisconsin Higuera, Dan J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, South Hollister, Cal- ifornia Hildreth, Kenneth H., Pvt., M. G. Co., Griggsville, Illinois Hill, James F., Pvt., Co. C, 708 Washington Ave., Wells- ville, Ohio Hill, William E., Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 2, Narris City, Illinois Hillbrant, Ward, Pvt., Co. F, Lemont, Oklahoma Hillebrecht, George A., Cpl., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 22, Orange California Hiller, Gustave, Pvt., Hq. Co., Paha, Washington Hillmayer, Charles, Pvt., Co. E, Hester St., Little Ferry, New Jersey Hilton, Lester, Pvt., Med. Det., 2326 Grand Ave., Everett, Washington Hilton, Robert G., Pvt., Co. F, 169 18th Ave., Seattle, Washington Hinekley, Roland S., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1629 Howard Ave., Seattle, Washington Hines, McMillan, Bugler, Co. B, Salmon, Idaho Hinton, John L., Cpl., Co. D, Clarksburg, West Virginia Hirschel, Edward J., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., R. 1, Tekor\ Washington 257 Hjellen, Peter O. I., Pvt., Hq. Co., 7033 24th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Hoagland, Benjamin H., Pvt., Hq. Co., Latah, Wash- ington Hobbs, Joseph A., Pvt., Co. E, Turn water, Washington Hobson, Roy, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 53, Napa, California Hoskensmith, Asa P., Pvt., Hq. Co., B. & O. Water Fore- man, Creston, Ohio Hector, Frank A., Pvt., Co. E, 1074 Kensington Ave., Buffalo, New York Hodder, Eugene J., Pvt., M. G. Co., 1808 Gaty Ave., East St. Louis, Illinois Hodgdon, George E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Fir & Shorb, Los Angeles, California Hodge, Charles A., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Route No. 2, Box 105, Puyallup, Washington Hodges, Harry D., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, R. F. D. 1, Erwin, South Dakota Hodgkinson, Frederick G, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Route No. 2, Vernal, Utah Hoefling, Walter, Cpl., Hq. Co., 108 Thorne Ave., Jersey City, New Jersey Hoessley, Maximilian R., Musician, Hq. Co., 303 Haight Bldg., Seattle, Washington Hofeld, John H., Pvt., Co. F, 2614 Granada St., Los Angeles, California Hoffman, Henry P., Captain, Co. E, 305 Lumber Exchange Bldg., Seattle, Washington Hoffman, Herbert M., Pvt., Co. L, 348 N. Sandusky St., Tiffin, Ohio Hoffman, Hohn E., Pvt., Hq. Co., 462 N. Mulberry, Mans- field, Ohio Hofmann, George J., Pvt., Hq. Co., Route No. 2, Ohio City, Ohio Hogan, Edward J., Pvt., Co. E, 2 Ziegler PI., Roxbury, Massachusetts Hogan, William B., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Harpers Ferry, Iowa Hogg, Otto, Sgt., Co. L, Oregon City, Oregon Hogue, Frank B., Sup. Sgt., Co. L, Underwood, Wash- ington Hohman, Carl, Cook, Co. I, Irvington, Illinois Holcomb, Lee C, Cpl., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 2, Big Sandy, Texas Holeman, Beverly T., Pvt., Co. D, Tilden, Illinois Holitza, Harry H., Cpl., Ordnance Corps, 721 Greeley Ave., Kansas City, Kansas Holland, Ross T., Pvt., Hq. Co., Stanford, Ohio Hollis, Frank, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Victor, Kansas Hollman, Harry, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 722 16th St., Oakland, California Holm, Eric, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Angus Hotel, Boise, Idaho Holman, Charles F., Cpl., M. G. Co., 555 Summit Ave., Pasadena, California Holmes, Floyd R., Pvt., Co. H, Hotel Astor, New York City, New York Holmes, Louis W., Pvt., Co. H, 819 Nebraska Ave., Kansas City, Kansas Holmquist, Herman A., Pvt., Co. L, Clarissa, Minnesota Holzbauer, Walter H., Pvt., Co. D, Chinook, Montana Homann, Oscar H., Pvt., Co. D, Mattoon, Illinois Hooshagen, John, Pvt., Co. D, Parker, South Dakota Hooton, Gilbert T., Pvt., Co. D, 37 E. Jefferson St., Tip- ton, Indiana Hoover, Charles E., Pvt., Co. I, Box 412, Uniontown, Pennsylvania Hoover, George W., Cpl., Co. K, Warriors Mark, Penn- sylvania Hoppe, Ernest H., Cpl., Co. I, Springfield, Minnesota Hopper, Irwin C, Pvt., Co. D, Toledo, Illinois Horan, Charles T., Pvt., Co. D, Ideal, South Dakota Horgan, Dell F., Pvt., Co. I, 302 South Ave., 21., Los Angeles, California Hornberger, Elmer H, Pvt., Co. D, Red Bud, Illinois Hosking, Samuel J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Roslyn, Washington Hosking, William A., Cpl., Co. F, 44 Broadway, Jackson, California Hotler, Albert, Pvt., Co. C, Goodlan, Ohio Hotter, Louis J., Pvt., Co. F, Ehrinfeld, Pennsylvania Houden, Emil A., Pvt., Co. F, Nekoosa, Wisconsin Hougard, Wilford R., Sgt., Co. L, 1358 Glemmaur St., Salt Lake City, Utah Houlis, Nicholas, Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., 1313H 1st Ave., Seattle, Washington Housden, Frank G., Pvt., Hq. Co., 4004 Mapa St., Spo- kane, Washington Hovel, Harley L., Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 1, Sumas, Washington Hovermale, James E., Horseshoer, Sup. Co., Felt, Idaho Howard, Arthur H., Bugler 1 cl., M. G. Co., Langly, Washington Howard, Bennett W., Pvt. 1 cl., Sup. Co., 5121 Russell Ave., Seattle, Washington Howard, Byron A., Cpl., Co. H, 6743 14th St., N. W., Seattle, Washington Howard, Everett, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 816 Albina Ave., Portland, Oregon Howard, George T., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 821 S. Olive St., Los Angeles, California Howard, Robert C, 1st Lt., Co. C, Colfax, Washington Howe, Henry M., Pvt., Co. K, Sallisaw, Oklahoma Howell, Curtis C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, 165H So. 21st Ave., Los Angeles, California Howell, Samuel S., Pvt., Co. F, Wheatland, Wyoming Howells, Merriam J., 1st Lt., 14 Sansome St., San Fran- cisco, California Howes, Alvion H., Sgt., Co. L, Ariss, Canada Howsden, James O., Pvt., Co. B, Huntley, Nebraska Hoyt, Kenneth B., Cpl., Co. E, Gresham, Oregon Huber, Edward J., Pvt., Co. K, 3829 Spring Grove Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio Huber, Harry J., Pvt., M. G. Co., Highland, Illinois Huckaby, Joseph A., Pvt., Co. I, Puryear, Arkansas Huddleston, Maurice L., Pvt., Co. H, Pittsboro, Indiana Hudson, Ernest J., Sgt., Co. E, Paris Crossing, Indiana Huebschwerlen Albert F., Pvt., Med. Det., Warrick, Montana Huether, Henry R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, Ruff, Washington Huff, Ross L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, R. F. D. 7, Yakima, Wash- ington Hughes, Argus, Cpl., Co. F, Benton City, Washington Hughes, Earl F., Cpl., M. G. Co., Box 406, Missoula. Montana Hughes, John E., Pvt., Co. F, Cresson, Pennsylvania Hulse, Hurshel B., Pvt., M. G. Co., Frogue, Kentucky Hunt, Collie, Sgt., Co. M, R. F. D. 1, Marion, Kentucky Hunter, Harry D., Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., 1615 S. 11th St., Terre Haute, Indiana Hunter, William R., Cpl., Co. K, Pioneer St., Montesano, Washington Huntsman, Javis, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Tulsa, Oklahoma Huntzinger, Amos, Pvt., Co. H, Shalter, California Hunzicker, Clarence H., Pvt., Co. E, 14 W. Jefferson, Colorado Springs, Colorado Huppman, Joseph M., Sgt., Co. G, 416 24th Ave., N., Seattle. Washington Hurd, Joseph R., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Elba, Idaho Hurst, Howard D., Pvt., Co. I, Wheatland, Wyoming Hurt, Zeb V., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Lind, Washington Huseman, Howard A., Pvt., Ord. Cps., Glenham, South Dakota Husha, Claude E., Pvt., Hq. Co., Box 42, Lake Village, Indiana Hutchey, John, Pvt., Co. I, 621 N. Keyser Ave., Scranton, Pennsylvania Hutchins, Thomas P., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, New Haven, Kentucky Hutchinson, George R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Byer, Jackson County, Ohio Huth, William R., Mechanic, Sup. Co., 320 Stanford Ave., Los Angeles, California Hutley, Sidney, Cpl., M. G. Co., 871 Montana Ave., Port- land, Oregon Hutto, Will L., Pvt., Co. H, Moss, Mississippi Hyatt, James A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Parowan, Utah Hysel, Rastus, Pvt., Co. A, Rabie, Ohio Igert, John S., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Booneville, Indiana Illich, Willie, Mess Sgt., Co. G, Klamath Falls, Oregon Iliff, Harry J., Cpl., C >. D, West Union, Iowa Imbrogno, Pasquale, Pvt., Co. H, 573 Chaney St., Keno- sha, Wisconsin Ingersol, Charles W., Pvt., Co. H, 158 E. 53rd St., Los Angeles, California Ingram, Harvey, Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 2, Plattsburg, Mississippi Irigoyen, Bertrand, Pvt., Co. E, Price, Utah Irwin, Thomas L., Pvt., Co. E, Redfield, South Dakota Isaacs, Harry W., Cpl., Co. K, 401 Locust St., Turlock, California Isenthal, John A., Pvt., Co. D, Indianapolis, Indiana Ison, Wyatt C, Pvt., Hq. Co., 504 Cascade Ave., Hood River, Oregon Jacketta, Joseph, Pvt., Co. L, 268 Clay St., Portland, Oregon Jacobson, Herman, Pvt., Med. Det., 1119 Lincoln St., Hoquiam, Washington 258 Jackson, Robert J., Pvt., M. G. Co., Weeksberry, Ken- tucky Jacobs, Harry L., Cook, Co. B, 2934 Hoyt Ave., Everett, Washington Jacobsen, Christian H., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Connell, Washington James, Henry B., Pvt., Co. C, Haines, Oregon James, Raymond A., Pvt., Hq. Co., Yakima, Washington Jamison, James A., Pvt., Co. G, Box 214, Brea, California Janowicz, George J., Pvt., Co. H, Lancaster, California Jaquith, Russell M., Cpl., Co. B, 1108 Rood Ave., Grand Junction, Colorado Jaros, James F., Pvt., Co. L, 2315 E. 88th St., Cleveland, Ohio Jarrell, Thomas, Pvt., M. G. Co., Watergap, Kentucky Jarvi, John, Pvt., Co. A, Scofield, Utah Jastad, Edward, Pvt., Co. G, Unalaska, Washington Jastad, George, Pvt., Co. F, Unalaska, Washington Jaynes, Samuel, Pvt., Co. L, 22 Canal St., Zanesville, Ohio Jeffers, Sterling A., Sgt., Sup. Co., 3612 36th Ave., W., Seattle, Washington Jeffery, Clarence A., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 4, Box 21, Idaho Falls, Idaho Jefferies, George C, Pvt., Hq. Co., 1024 Madison Ave., Columbus, Ohio Jenkins, Charles W., Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Pittsburg, Illinois Jenkins, Evan, Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 6, Oak Hill, Ohio Jenkins, Raymond S., Pvt., Co. L, 1817 Connecticut Ave., Washington, District of Columbia Jenkins, Wilford W., Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 2, St. Anthony, Idaho Jenkinson, Vincent J., Pvt., Co. F, 886 Eastern Ave., Fall River, Massachusetts Jensen, Bennie, Pvt., Co. L, Weston, Box 32, Idaho Jensen, Herman O., Pvt., M. G. Co., Alameda, Washington Jensen, Jens P., Pvt., Co. H, 942 Central Ave., Minneapolis, Minnesota Jernberg, Gus H., Cpl., Co. A, 314 N. Elm St., Fairmont, Minnesota Jerred, Johnnie C, Pvt., Co. H, Keller, Washington Jertsen, Harry I., Musician, Hq. Co., Charleston, Wash- ington Jesse, Louis F., Pvt., Co. C, General Delivery, Evansport, Ohio Joergensen, Axel R., Pvt., Co. D, East Stanwood, Wash- ington Johannessen, Joseph B., Pvt., Co. I, Hunt, Texas Johanson, Johannes, Pvt., Co. A, 27 W. 10th St., Reno, Nevada Johansen, John C, Pvt., Co. A, 419 Capp St., San Fran- cisco, California Johansen, Peter, Mechanic, Co. E, Newman, California John, Manuel, Pvt., Co. K, 25 S. Eldorado, Stockton, California Johns, Cyrus E., Cpl., Co. H, 2802 Walnut St., Seattle, Washington Johnson, Arthur L., Cpl., Sup. Co., 3615 Interlake Ave., Seattle, Washington Johnson, Ben W., Pvt., Co. C, 25th & Putman St., Terre Haute, Indiana Johnson, Carl A., Pvt., Co. H, 658 S. West St., Jackson- ville, Illinois Johnson, Carl J., Pvt., Co. M, R. 4, Decorah, Iowa Johnson, Carl L., Pvt., Co. G, 1834 E. 67th St., Los An- geles, California Johnson, Carl S., Pvt., Co. D, 513 S. 10th St., Laramie, Wyoming Johnson, Charlet W., Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 47, Colton, California Johnson, Clarence A., Pvt., Co. H, New Lexington, Ohio Johnson, Edward, Pvt., Co. C, Sparta, Oregon Johnson, Elmer B., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. No. 3, Box 124, Seattle, Washington Johnson, Gust E., Pvt., Co. D, Jobs, Idaho Johnson, Henry, Pvt., Co. L, 650 Locust St., Sausaulito, California Johnson, Herman W., Cpl., Co. C, Buckeye, Washington Johnson, Howard E., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 187, Centralia, Washington Johnson, James, Pvt., Hq. Co., Millstone, Kentucky Johnson, Jesse A., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 8, Decatur, Indiana Johns jn, John, Pvt.. Co. E, Elk, Washington Johnson, Knute, Pvt., Co. G, Aal Hallingdal, Norway Johnson, Leon H., Pvt., Co. M, 530 N. 22nd St., East St. Louis, Illinois Johnson, Lloyd W., Pvt., Co. D, Box 67, R. F. D. No. 5, McLeansboro, Illinois Johnson, Lyle I., Cpl., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 6, Shelby, Ohio Johnson, Olaf C, Pvt., M. G. Co., Crookston, Minnesota Johnson, Oscar, Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 3, West Baden, Indiana Johnson, Oscar J., Mechanic, Co. D, Strandberg, South Dakota Johnson, Oscar R., Pvt., Co. M, 57 E. 66th St., New York City, New York Johnson, Philip D., Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 2, Box 145, Goshen, Virginia Johnson, Robert G., Pvt., Co. M, 3824 S. Main St., Los Angeles, California Johnson, Rose H., Mechanic, Co. F, Rock House, Arkansas Johnson, Russell M., Pvt., Hq. Co., 607 5th St., Aurora, Indiana Johnson, Walter E., Cpl., Co. G, 1606 Colby Ave., Everett, Washington Johnson, William G., Cpl., Co. H, 826 Genessee St., Salt Lake City, Utah Johnson, William H., Pvt., Co. C, Star Route, Clifton, Texas Johnston, Ernest A., Cpl., Co. I, Odessa, Washington Johnston, Fount J., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Pearisburg, Vir- ginia Johnston, George E., Sgt., Co. A, Richville, Minnesota Johnston, Ralph H., Cpl., Co. E, Corcoran, King Co., California Johnston, Robert B., Pvt., Co. A, Agatha, Idaho Johnston, Thomas H., Pvt., Co. C, Atwater, California Jolly, Joseph R., Pvt., Hq. Co., 230 Innis Ave., Columbus, Ohio Jones, Benjamin H., Pvt., Co. C, 206 W. 79th St., Los Angeles, California Jones, Charles A., Sgt., Co. A, Burlington, Washington Jones, Charles E., Pvt., Co. C, 934 Ewing St., Seattle, Washington Jones, Edward O., Pvt., Hq. Co., Tokio, Ohio Jones, Elmer, Musician, Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Fern- dale, Washington Jones, Harold J., 2nd Lt., Co. K, Winner, South Dakota Jones, Harry, Pvt., Co. I, 1116 7th St., Anacortes, Wash- ington Jones, Hiram E., Pvt., Co. D, McLeansboro, Illinois Jones, Joe, Pvt., Co. C, Cedar Grove, West Virginia Jones, Lennie J., Pvt., Hq. Co., Summerduck, Virginia Jones, Randall E., Pvt., Co. H, 26WA 4th Ave., Seattle, Washington Jones, Reynold, Pvt., Co. C, Malta, Montana Jones, Robert G., Sgt., Co. B, Malda City, Idaho Jones, Sam L., Pvt., Co. M, Ready Branch, North Carolina Jones, Sidney S., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Beaz, Ken- ticky Jones, Stanley N., Pvt., M. G. Co., Vernal, Utah Jones, Stephen E., Sgt., Co. L, 3255 34th Ave., W., Seattle, Washington Jones, Virgin L., Cpl., Co. E, Hazelton, Idaho Jonker, Schelto, Cpl., Co. D, Sultan, Washington Jordon, George M., Pvt., Co. B, Aladdin, Wyoming Jordan, Leo M., Pvt., Co. H, 210 S. Larch St., Lansing, Michigan Jordan, Lester F., Cpl., Co. H, Redlands, California Jorgenson, Carl A., Pvt., Co. I, Oldham, South Dakota Josh, Everett L., Cpl., Co. G, Pinehurst, Washington Jovanovich, Blaz, Pvt., Co. I, 116 W. Park Ave., Butte, Montana Juday, Riley J., Cpl., Co. H, Heppner, Oregon Judd, Earl R., Mechanic, Co. B, Hagerman, Idaho Juell, Arthur L., Sgt., Co. M, 410 N. 4th St., Mt. Vernon, Washington Just, Harry W., Pvt., Co. H, Olympia, Washington Kadelbach, Albert, Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Box 109, Fullerton, California Kadin, Samuel, Pvt., Co. D, 637 Johnson St., Victoria, British Columbia Kaftarine, Jim, Pvt., Co. L, 180 Chestnut St., Manchester, New Hampshire Kaifer, Louis B., Musician, Hq. Co., Box 303, R. F. D. No. 2, Hayward, California Kaiser, Edward R., Pvt., Co. K, 116 Fayette St., Ham- mond, Indiana Kaiser, Emanuel R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 348 Cicotte Ave., Detroit, Michigan Kals, Joseph L., Cpl., Co. H, Box 68, Del Mar, California Kampa, John, Pvt., Co. K, Grenville, South Dakota Kamphoeffner, Fred W., Pvt., Co. L, Alhambra, Illinois Kane, William G., Mechanic, Hq. Co., 4929 Wesley Ave., Norwood, Cincinnati, Ohio Kangas, Frank I., Pvt. 1 el., Co. K, 1010 E. 1st St., Aber- deen, Washington 259 Kantner, Henry E., Mechanic, Co. B, 1308 12th St., High- land, Illinois Kanzler, Jacob, Captain, Reg. Staff, Court House, Port- land, Oregon Kapetano, Tom V., Pvt., Co. H, 504 James St., Seattle, Washington Kapla, Stanley U., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D., Pound, Wis- consin Kaplan, Joseph, Pvt., Co. B, Richmond, Kentucky Karcher, Albert N., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Dahlgreen, Illinois Karcher, Henry F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 3, Dahlgreen, Illinois Kauffman, Homer, Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 6, Sidney, Ohio Kauffold, Albert C, Cpl., Co. H, 2315 Brown St., Alton, Illinois Kaupert, Otto L., Cpl., Co. M, 2516 Bryant St., San Fran- cisco, California Kay, Ira, Pvt., Co. A, Philipsburg, Pennsylvania Keeler, Rollie E., Cpl., Co. D, Route No. 3, Junction City, Oregon Keene, Jesse A., Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., Gold Bar, Washington Kegley, Paul, Musician, Hq. Co., 619 W. Lake Ave., Los Angeles, California Kehlele, Edwin B., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands Keim, Raymond D., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 808 Davis St., Ft. Wayne, Indiana Keister, Oscar H., Pvt., Hq. Co., Tannersville, Virginia Keith, Charles N., Pvt., Co. F, Coupeville, Washington Kellas, Edward L., 1st Lt., Sup. Co., R. R. C. 205, Fresno, California Keller, Anthony G., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 423 E. Penn. St., Whittier, California Kellogg, Rolla M., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Artesia, California Kellogg, William H., Cpl., Hq. Co., 5805 20th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Kelly, Vea R., Pvt., Co. C, Murray, Utah Kelly, Vincent J., 1st Sgt., Co. B, Skamokawa, Wash- ington Kelmer, John, Pvt., Co. D, New Athens, Illinois Kenney, Merl J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 2, Thorn- ville, Ohio Kepka, George, Cpl., Co. M, Wilkeson, Washington Kerby, Bert J., Sgt., Co. E, Orleans, Indiana Kern, Joseph, Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 2, Ilo, Idaho Kern, Laurel C, Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. 7, Bellevue, Ohio Kerr, Jack C, Reg. Sup. Sgt., Sup. Co., 1632 35th Ave., Seattle, Washington Kerrigan, Peter F., Pvt., Co. F, Reedsburg, Wisconsin Kersey, Samuel B., Sgt., Co. D, 203 E. Polk St., St. Johns, Oregon Kerstein, August, Pvt., Co. K, Sauk Rapids, Minnesota Kessler, George W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 3903 Rhoda Ave., Oakland, California Kessler, Roscoe, Pvt., Co. C, Pullman, Richmond, Cal- ifornia Kettleson, Peter G., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1588 8th St., S., Portland, Oregon Kidd George S., Pvt. Co. L, R. F. D. No. 1, Caywood, Ohio Kidwell, George R., Pvt., Co. E, 1248 Columbia Rd., Washington, D. C. Kilburn, Ralph R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Ovando, Montana Killebrew, William L., Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 4, Win- chester, Illinois Killian, Harvey E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Lorenzo, Idaho Kilpatrick, John H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 1, Altoona, Alabama Kimbrough, Cecil, Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 3, Box No. 192, Tacoma, Washington Kincaid, Jacob L., Pvt., Co. M, Lebanon, Indiana Kindelberger, John W., Pvt., Hq. Co., Burkhart, Ohio King, Eli, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 3, Mannington, West Virginia King, Ernest J., Pvt., Co. B, Woden, Texas King, Homer T., Pvt., Co. A, Richfield, Utah King, Horace L., Pvt., Co. E, Sunnvdale, California King, Ira W., Cook, Co. C, 342 6th St., Bremerton, Wash- ington King, Lee, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 3, Owensburg, Kentucky King, Silas, Pvt., Co. E, Route No. 1, LaFollette, Tennessee Kinnear, Lafayette A., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 22, Provo, Utah Kiouses, John K., Pvt., Co. I, 761 W. Young St., Pocatello, Idaho Kirchner, Adolph G., Pvt., Co. L, 550 21st St., San Pedro, California Kirk, John, Cpl., Co. B, Challis, Idaho Kirk, Richard M., Sgt., Co. H, 517 Exchange Bldg., Los Angeles, California Kirkman, Bert E., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Exeter, California Kirkwood, Clarence E., Pvt., Co. I, Crooksville, Ohio Kirkwood, Finley, Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Green- wich, Ohio K18OR, Roy, Sup. Sgt., Sup. Co., 1810 6th Ave., Seattle, Washington Kison, Simon, Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Ralston, Washington Kiviaho, Edward, Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 3, Box 69, Wadena, Minnesota Klaber, Russell F., Pvt., M. G. Co., Mariba, Kentucky Klapp, Charlie, Pvt., Co. L, 1332 E. Grand, Everett, Washington Klaus, Nicholas H., Cpl., M. G. Co., Box 752, Sumner, Washington Klein, Frank A., Pvt., Co. B, 1620 Knowlton St., Cin- cinnati, Ohio Klein, George W., Cook, Co. I, 1816 E. Columbia St., Evansville, Indiana Klein, William, Pvt., Co. F, Kings Park, Long Island, New York Keliner, Earl C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Batesville, Indiana Klepper, Thomas H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Rogersville, Mis- souri Klindt, Gustav, Cook, M. G. Co., 2251 Brandt St., San Diego, California Kline, Claud C, Pvt., Co. A, 434 S. Kalamazoo St., Paw Paw, Michigan Kloe, Harold V., Pvt., Hq. Co., 7313 21st Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Klundt, Peter, Pvt., Sup. Co., Odessa, Washington Knapp, Orton, 1st Lt., Co. M, 115 17th Ave., San Francisco, California Kneeland, Robert I., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Shelton, Wash- ington Knickerbocker, Claude, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 6, Monroe City, Missouri Knight, Hugh M., Pvt., Hq. Co., Kingsley, Oregon Knight, Robert B., Cpl., Co. F, 2526 State St., Everett, Washington Knose, George, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Cleves, Ohio Knox, John C, Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Box 51, Woodlawn, Illinois Knudeson, George O., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Fort Duchesne, Unita Co., Utah Knudson, Elmer T., Pvt., Co. A, 3720 S. 1st St., Tacoma, Washington Kobman, George, Pvt., Hq. Co., 522 York St., Cincinnati, Ohio Koch, Fred, Pvt., Co. D, 755 Dawson St., New York City, New York Kocher, Harry G., Cpl., Co. G, 716 11th Ave., Seattle, Washington Kochman, Carl F., Bugler, M. G. Co., Duane, Minnesota Kohl, George P., Pvt., Co. B, 1724 S. 9th St., St. Louis, Missouri Kohls, William R., Sgt., Co. I, Ennis, Montana Kollias, Gus B., Pvt., Co. K, 816 Baker St., Bakersfield, California Knostant, John, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Marvin, South Dakota Kopf, Eugene C, Pvt., Co. M, Pasco, Washington Kerte, John B., Pvt., Co. M, R. R. No. 3, Glasgow, Mis- souri Kosek, George, Cpl., Co. K, Taylor, Arkansas Koskinen, Edward S., Sgt., Hq. Co., 11 Delaware St., Ashtabula, Ohio Koslosky, Joseph, Pvt., Co. F, 335 Carver St., Plymouth, Pennsylvania Kotoske, Edmond A., Pvt., Co. D, 12254 Wallace St., Chi- cago, Illinois Kotsakis, Vasileos, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Box 27, Clifton, Oregon Kotzenberg, Arnold W., Pvt., Co. G, 6442 Suburban Ave., St. Louis, Missouri Kouts, William M., Sgt., Co. D, Crescent, Oklahoma Kovach, Louis, Pvt., Co. D, 7501 Edar Ave., Cleveland, Ohio Kovalchick, John, Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 11, Byesville, Ohio Kovar, Fred E., Pvt., Hq. Co., Schwiler, Nebraska Kozak, Oscar G., Pvt., Co. D, 3624 McClintock St., Los Angeles, California 260 Kraemer, Lloyd W., Sgt., Hq. Co., 122 Throdon St., De- troit, Michigan Kramer, Alfred C, Cpl., Co. D, 2214 Kauffman Ave., Vancouver, Washington Kredel, Gustave P., Pvt., Hq. Co., 118 E. Frankfort St., Columbus, Ohio Kreh, Paul E., Pvt., Co. L, 4349 Virginia Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio Krueger, Ervin, Pvt., Co. M, 1112 Monroe St., Toledo, Ohio Kriens, Noble E., Pvt., Co. M, Route No. 2, Corvallis, Oregon Kreitel, George, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Hosmer, South Dakota Kroger, Carl, Pvt., Co. B, 808 Clay St., Troy, Ohio Kron, Arvid, Pvt., Co. D, Loup City, Nebraska Kron, Elmer, Pvt., Co. A, 1727 E. 11th St., Spokane, Washington Krueger, Carl E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, 1116 Pinewood Ave., Toledo, Ohio Krueger, Max E., Pvt., Co. B, Trail, British Columbia, Canada Kuntz, Anton, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 406 N. 16th St., Portland, Oregon Kutcey, Fred, Pvt., Co. D, 976 E. 69th St., Cleveland, Ohio Kuss, George F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Box 156, Powell River, British Columbia Kuszke, Edward J., Sgt., Co. I, 1629 E. 25th St., Tacoma, Washington Kuykendall, Thomas G., Pvt., Co. F, Oakland, Mississippi Laabs, William, Pvt., Co. B, Rosebud, Montana Labounty, George, Pvt., Co. E, Bellingham, Washington LaChall, Francis X., Pvt., Co. D, 1920 W. Prospect St., Tacoma, Washington LaCroix, Henry, Pvt., Co. C, 201 W. 30th St., Los Angeles, California Lafferre, Charles B., Pvt., M. G. Co., Lewisville, Ohio Laitenan, David, Pvt., Hq. Co., 412 10th St., Hoquiam, Washington Lake, Orval E., Pvt., Co. K, Roberts, Idaho Lakits, Nicholas, Pvt., Co. M, 675 Anna St., Columbus, Ohio Lapasin, George J., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 1700 25th Ave., S., Seattle, Washington Lappin, Edwin H., Pvt., Co. B, 627 S. Montana St., Butte, Montana Lamantia, Nunzio, Pvt., Co. A, 153 Arkansas St., San Francisco, California Lamasters, William H., Sgt., Co. C, Mullan, Idaho Lamay, Charles, Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Nelson, Ohio Lamb, Joseph L., Pvt., Co. D, Schrag, Washington Lambert, Ernest, Cpl., Co. B, 1454 Elizabeth St., Bremer- ton, Washington Lambos, John S., Pvt., Co. E, Chicago, Illinois Lamkie, Joseph P., Pvt., Co., K, 24 Bird St., Cambridge, Lamp, Wallace G., Pvt,, Med. Det., 4706 14th Ave., N. E. Seattle, Washington Lampe, William H, Cpl., M. G. Co., Gardnerville, Nevada Lamping, Frederick F., 1st Lt., Co. M, 218 Kinnear Place, Seattle, Washington Lane, Arthur, Pvt., Co. A, 2417 Broadway, Toledo, Ohio Lane, Thomas, Horeeshoer, Sup. Co., Lakeview, Oregon Lane, Uil, 1st Lt., Las Cruces, New Mexico Lane, Virgil M., Cpl., Co. M, 804 E. 7th St., Grand Island, Nebraska Lanham, Claude D., Pvt., Co. L, Taswell, Indiana Lankford, Oscar W., Pvt., M. G. Co., E. 19th St., Hopkins- ville, Kentucky Lant, Glenn A., Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Meridian, Idaho Lanterman, Walter A., Pvt., Co. L, 1103 E. Main St., Columbus, Ohio Larkin, Owen B., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 5, Stockton, California LaRocco, James O., Pvt., Co. A, Midvale, Utah Larsen, Albert L., Pvt., Co. E, Graham, Washington Larsen, Jens L., Pvt., Sup. Co., Route No. 2, Box 34, Vienna, South Dakota Larsen, Marius C, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 2, Ellens- burg, Washington Larsen, Ola Willard, Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Kamas, Utah Larson, George M., Pvt., Co. I, Pelican Rapids, Minne- sota Larson, Iver, Pvt., Co. A, Sherman, South Dakota Larson, Per A., Cpl., Co. K, 2119^ 2nd Ave., Seattle, Washington Larson, Robert D., Pvt., Co. L, 3347 Bloomington Ave., Minneapolis, Minnesota Laser, Joseph J., Pvt., Co. F, 1733 N. Albany Ave., Chi- cago, Illinois Lasicko, John A., Pvt., Co. I, Box 114, Audenry, Carbon Co., Pennsylvania Lasker, Max M., Pvt,, Co. G, 14 Massoit Place, Springfield, Massachusetts Latham, Dewitt G., Cpl., Co. I, Chugwater, Wyoming Latscher, Arthur A., Pvt., Deer Creek, Oklahoma Lauer, George L., Pvt., Co. I, Gabon, Ohio Lavin, John J., Cpl., Co. L, 1063 Tillamook St., Portland, Oregon Lawrence, Gordon, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Ravensdale, Washington Lawrence, Walter T., Pvt., Co. C, Florence, Ore. Lawrence, William, Pvt., Co. L, 489 E. Park St., Butte, Montana Lawson, William J., Pvt., Co. E, Deming, Wash. Lawson, John H., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 810 10th Ave., Seattle, Washington Lawyer, Lenna, Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 1, Charlston, Illinois Lear, Allard, Pvt., Col. L, Box 96, R. F. D. No. 1, Kent, Washington Lecm, Antonio, Pvt., Co. C, Lockville, Pennsylvania Ledig, Alfred H., Pvt., Co. E, P. O. Box 522, Upland, California Lee, Arthur T., Pvt., Co. A, 308 N. 9th St., Paducah, Kentucky Lee, Benjamin R., Pvt., Co. K, Box 482, Dinuba, California Lee, Emmett A., Pvt., Co. G, 1142 Broadway, Seattle, Washington Lee, Jack, Pvt., Co. H, 3138 Scott St., San Francisco, California Leeb, Joseph S., Pvt., Co. D, 2041 Grenshaw St., Chicago, Illinois Leedy, Hiram K., Cpl., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 2, Indian Springs, Tennessee Leeson, Harvey E., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 7, Box 233, Seattle, Washington Lehman, Ellis E., Pvt., Co. F, 211 S. Hazelton St., Van Nys, California Lemm, Leander J., Pvt., Hq. Co., 905 29th Ave., S., Seattle, Washington Lemon, Orsa E., Cpl., Co. C, R. F. D. No. A 2, Box 291, Indianapolis, Indiana Lemon, Orville, Sgt., Co. K, 1246 C St., San Bernardino, California Lemond, Clarence F., Pvt., Co. E, 320 Chestnut St., Huntington, Indiana Lemons, Jeff D., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Cookeville, Tennessee Lemson, Jacob A., Pvt., Co. L, 204 N. Lincoln St., Zeeland, Michigan Lennon, Roy W., Pvt., Co. L, 216 S. 8th St., Yakima, Washington Leonard, Edward F., Pvt., Co. L, 120 Church St., San Francisco, California Leonard, Harry A., Pvt., Co. D, 221 W. 21st St., Lorain, Ohio Lepo, John, Pvt., Co. F, 49 Hazel St., Kingston, Pennsyl- vania Leroux, Felix, Pvt., Co. C, 126 E. 1st St., Los Angeles, California Levandoski, John, Pvt., Co. H, 907Englman St., Mamstee, Michigan Levik, Reinert, Pvt., Co. G, Truman, Minnesota Lewis, Alpha L., Pvt., Co. K, 327 W. Park St., Portland, Oregon Lewis, Charles E., Pvt., Co. L, Lewellen, Nebraska Lewis, Charles R., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 4, Lattoon, Illinois Lewis, Elmer L., Sgt., Co. H, 3519 E. Spruce St., Seattle, Washington Lewis, Ralph A., Pvt., Sup. Co., 317 S. Arthur St., Poca- tello, Idaho Lewis, Robert, Bugler, Co. I, Montana Cafe, Great Falls, Montana Leybold, John, Pvt., Co. E, 3724 N. 22nd St., Tacoma, Washington Leybold, William J., Pvt., Co. B, 402 E. 2nd St., Butte, Montana Libby, Claude S., Pvt., Co. K, Eltopia, Washington Liden, Edwin C, Cpl., Co. B, Box 554, Miami, Arizona Lightner, Harry W., Pvt., Co. C, Kellogg, Idaho Liming, Faber, Pvt., Co. C, Wharton, Ohio 261 Lind, Otto P., Pvt., Co. A, Brady, Nebraska Lindberg, Gerald, Sgt., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 4, Box 108, Mt. Vernon, Washington Lindquist, Carl O., Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 3, Stroms- burg, Nebraska Lindsel, Guy E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 1914 Dean Ave., Spokane, Washington Lindskog, George P., Pvt., Hq. Co., 549 N. Ave., 23rd, Los Angeles, California Linforth, Reginald H., 1st Lt., M. G. Co., 2740 Derby St., Berkeley, California Lindle, Ara G., Pvt., Co. D, Boring, Oregon Linkhart, Fred M., Bugler., Co. B, Trilla, Illinois Lio, Giuseppe, Pvt., Co. B, 2111 Riverside St., Miles City, Montana Lipp, Lee E., Pvt., Hq. Co., Bay View, Washington Lish, Ray E., Pvt., Co. K, Box 471, Rexberg, Idaho Litsas, Speres, Cpl., Co. M, Kato Fanare Driopis, Greece Litchen, Edward, Pvt., Co. B, 1932 Herbert St., St. Louis, Missouri Little, Everette H., Pvt., Co. F, 501 S. Figuroa St., Los Angeles, California Little, Luke, Pvt., Co. L, R. R. 1, Naples, Illinois Littlejohn, Wilfred R., Pvt., Co. F, Neighbors, California Llewellyn, Arthur, Pvt., Co. B, 364 E. Broadway, Butte, Montana Llewellyn, John, Pvt., Co. I, Falsom, New Mexico Llewellyn, Miles E., Cpl., Hq. Co., Kettle Falls, Montana Llody, Thomas H., Pvt., Hq. Co., Daniels, Idaho Lochridge, James C, Mess Sgt., Co. L, Auburn, Washing- ton Loeks, Gerrit, Bugler, Co. K, Campbell, Minnesota Loescher, William G., Pvt., Co. E, S. Grand St., Orange, California Logan, Fred W., Pvt., Co. I, Lemonts, Missouri Logan, Robert i\, Wagoner, Sup. Co., U. S. Navy, Wash- ington, D. C. Logathetis, George, Pvt., Co. G, Clifton, Oregon Lombard, Evan D., Pvt., Co. K, Bowman, North Dakota Lonchearich, Anton, Pvt., Co. E, Box 385, Red Lodge, Montana Lonergan, Charles A., Pvt., Co. L, 826 Hugh St., Ft. Wayne, Indiana Loney, George W., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 400 E. Elm St., Lodi, California Long, Harry U., 1st Sgt., Co. D, Calexico, California Long, Ira D., Pvt., Co. H, R. R. No. 2, Hillsboro, North Carolina Long, Otto J., Pvt., Hq. Co., Bellville, Ohio Longfellow, Joseph T., Col. Sgt., Hq. Co., 606 S. Cushman Ave., Tacoma, Washington Looney, Ephram, Pvt., Co. M, Route No. 4, Silver Point, Tennessee Lopez, Justo, Pvt., Co. D, 205 Alamdea St., Azusa, Cali- fornia Lorenz, Joseph, Pvt., Co. B, 3001 Indiana Ave., St. Louis, Missouri Borshbough, Eldon L., Mechanic, Co. M, Route No. 2, Clark, South Dakota Lothras, William, Pvt., Co. F, 771 E. Orangegrove Ave., Pasadena, California Loucks, Bert A., Pvt., Hq. Co., care of Montana Power Co., Divide, Montana Louden, Arthur J., Pvt., Co. D, 966 Araphoe St., Los Angeles, California Lougee, John, Pvt., Co. B, Liberty, Idaho Loughmiller, Chas. F., Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 1, Fredericksburg, Indiana Lovelace, Albert C, Wagoner, Sup. Co., P. O. Box 18, Chehalis, Washington Lubbes, Fritz, Sgt., Co. K, Muskogee, Oklahoma Locas, Joseph, Pvt., Co. F, 362 Burger St., Toledo, Ohio Locar, Lyndon J., Cpl., Hq. Co., Wasco, Oregon Lucas, Roland R., Pvt., Co. L, 509 Estelle St., Charleston, West Virginia Lucius, Edward C, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 5, Box 61, Delphos, Ohio Lufkin, Joseph H., Pvt., Co. F, 130 E. 36th St., Los Angeles, California Lugg, Albert J., Pvt., Co. I, 139 W. Center St., Butte, Montana Luker, Rudolph, Pvt., Co. A, Aluntie, Utah Lundeen, Alton, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 2, Rochester, Washington Lusk, Robert E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Clarkston, Washing- ton Lutge, Julius, Pvt., Co. B, 1081 Capp St., San Francisco, California Luther, William O., Cpl., Hq. Co., 3616H Adair St., Los Angeles, California Luthi, Wesley E., Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 1, Powhatstn Point, Ohio Luthy, William H., Pvt., Co. K, Preston, Idaho Lyall, Will T., Pvt., Co. F, Imperial, California Lyle, Arthur R., Pvt., Co. I, Fisher, Indiana Lynch, George, Cpl., Co. E, Glendale St., Princeton, Indiana Lynn, Charlie B., Pvt., Co. C, Morganfield, Kentucky Lyon, Roy H., Cook, Co. H, 459 Aldine St., St. Paul, Minne- sota McAfoose, William R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 2, Kittanning, Pennsylvania McBane, Raymond, Pvt., Co. M, 58 Southwood Ave., Columbus, Ohio McBride, William, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Lisngnnag, Ireland McCabe, John, Pvt., Co. I, Box 39, Casper, Wyoming McCafferty, Melton R., Cpl., Co. C, 1722 Clifton Ave., Rockford, Illinois McCaleb, John D., Cpl., Co. K, Williford, Arkansas McCallum, Sterling M., Band Sgt., Hq. Co., Genoa, Nance County, Nebraska McCammon, Roscoe, Sgt., Co. C, 2716 Beacon Ave., Seattle, Washington McCearley, John B., 1st Lt., Co. D, Black Hawk, Iowa McClain, Donald S., Pvt., Co. I, Greenfield, Ohio McClanahan, Leonard G., Cpl., Co. K, Box 1123, Van- couver, B. C. McConnell, Melden H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Rainier St., Charleston, Washington McCoppin, Oscar P., Pvt., Co. I, Chillicothe, Ohio McCormick, Clair, Pvt., Co. B, Route 10, Lopeer St., Flint, Michigan McCorvey, John G., 2nd Lt., Co. H, 134 Railroad St., Moultrie, Georgia McCoy, James, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Meskill, Washington McCoy, Leonard D., Pvt., Co. L, Montour, Iowa McCoy, Lyle, Sgt., Hq. Co., Sumner Apts., Spokane, Washington McCrossin, Leo A., Pvt., Co. G, 110 Windermere Ave., Highland Park, Michigan McDerment, Hubert R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Ellensburg, Washington McDermott, Claude L., Cpl., Co. I, 338 Chestnut Ave., Long Beach, California McDermott, Orlando S., Pvt., Co. G, Nicktown, Penn- sylvania McDonald, Andrew, Pvt., Co. K, 20 S. Ophir St., Stock- ton, California McDonald, Frank J., Sgt., Co. C, 620 29th Ave., S., Seattle, Washington McDonald, George A., Sgt., Co. I, 1018 E. 35th St., Ta- coma, Washington McDonald, John A., Pvt., Co. A, Box 555, Sturgis, South Dakota McDonald, John B., Brig. Gen., 181 Brigade, Presidio, San Francisco, California McDonough, Gordon T., Pvt., Co. A, Van Alstyne, Texas McDonough, Thomas L., Pvt., M. G. Co., 623 S. 10th St., Cambridge, Ohio McDougal, John H., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1124 Lakeview Blvd., Seattle, Washington McDowell, Stewart, Cpl., Co. A, Diets, Wyoming McFarland, Ambrose C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 147-A, Ogden, Utah McFerrin, Glenn H., Pvt., Co. F, Heppner, Oregon McGee, Jesse, Pvt., M. G. Co., Milford, Kentucky McGhee, William T., Pvt., Co. L, Cle Elum, Washington McGillvray, Claude L., Cpl., Sup. Co., 277 Lakedell Ave., Seattle, Washington McGinley, Frank, Pvt., Co. I, 806 S. 2nd St., Terre Haute, Indiana McGinn, Edward C, Pvt., M. G. Co., 829 52nd Ave., W., Seattle, Washington McGinnis, Emmet C, Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 2, Box 7, Frazeysburg, Ohio McDonagle, Michael F., Pvt., M. G. Co., 99 MacKubin St., St. Paul, Minnesota McGonigle, Asa C, Sgt., Co. E, 1121 Pacific St., Olympia, Washington McGouqh, Thomas J., Mechanic, Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, Seattle, Washington McGovern, Michael J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 167 South Park Ave., San Francisco, California McGowan, Buddie C, Pvt., Co. G, Station A, R. 1, Oak Cliff, Texas 262 McGreal, John L., Pvt., Co. F, 217 W. 54th St., Los Angeles, California McGreevy, James F., Sgt., Co. A, Pomeroy, Washington McGregor, Bartley A., Pvt., Sup. Co., Petersburg, Indiana McGrew, Wilber W., Pvt., Co. C, Robyville, Ohio McHtjgh, Terence P., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 229 20th Ave., San Francisco, California McIntire, Thomas S., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, 403 N. Gaffey St., San Pedro, California McJannet, Lester I., Mechanic, Hq. Co., 1107 E. Denny Way, Seattle, Washington McKeever, William J., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Marshall, Michigan McKennie, William, 1st Sgt., Co. M, Ontario, Oregon McKiernan, William, Pvt., Co. M, Box 124, Roundup, Montana McKinnon, Vere, Pvt., Co. F, Somerton, Arizona McKlem, William B., Pvt., Hq. Co., 400 W. 4th St., Ana- conda, Montana McLaughlin, Daniel E., Cpl., Co. B, 917 8th Ave., Helena, Montana McLaughlin, James, Pvt., Co. B, 40 N. Hampton St., Boston, Massachusetts McLennan, Roderick, Pvt., Co. I, Casper, Wyoming McManaway, Thomas F., Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 1, Lucasville, Ohio McMasters, Shirley R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 313 N. Greenleaf Ave., Whitter, California McMeekin, Leslie, Pvt., Hq. Co., 6518 16th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington McMickell, Virgil R., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., Ness City, Kansas McNally, William J., Pvt., Co. K, 5017 Trasck Ave., Oakland, California McNee, John D., Pvt., Co. L, 4041 Gamma St., San Diego, California McNeill, William E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 221 1st Ave., W., Seattle, Washington McPherson, John W., Pvt., Co. I, Riverside, Washington McQuinn, Howard R., Cpl., Co. M, Gays River, Nova Scotia, Canada McWithey, Stephen V., Cpl., Co. L, Missler, Kansas MacGregor, John D., Pvt., Med. Det., Waluga, Oregon Mack, Arthur F., Pvt., Co. H, Line Grove, Louisiana MacKay, Wallace M., 1st Lt., Co. F, 4133 Eagle St., San Diego, California Mackenzie, John, Pvt., Co. A, Van Norman, Montana MacKey, Charley F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Box 25, Harding, South Dakota MacKnight, William C, Regtl. Sup. Sgt., Sup. Co., 4322 W. Graham St., Seattle, Washington MacRae, Alexander, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Forsyth, Montana Madaule, Achille, Pvt., Co. K, Terra Bella, California Mader, Willard D., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, 723 Conklin St., Spokane, Washington Madge, Charles H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, Irving, Illinois Maestus, Richard, Pvt., Co. A, 1004 Ximio St., Long Beach, California Maguire, George F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, 778 Brunswick St., San Francisco, California Mahas, Gust, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Box 281, Ruth, Nevada Mahoney, Carl, Pvt., Co. E, P. O. Box 372, Maricopa, California Main, Melvill L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 713 E. Palmera St., Orange, California Makholm, Marius, Sgt., Co. B, 2135 Clarence St., Racine, Wisconsin Malbert, Morris, Pvt., Hq. Co., 532 Mount Hope Rd., Cincinnati, Ohio Malgarin, Mansueto, Mechanic, Co. D, Black Diamond, Washington Malinkaitis, Branislaw, Pvt., Co. G, 119)^ Morris Court, Scranton, Pa. Mallon, Joseph, Cpl., Co. G, 2436 N. Reese St., Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania Malloy, Richard, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Rockville, Oregon Malm, Seman A., Cpl., Co. I, Dos Palos, California Malone, Carl F., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 7, Chillicothe, Ohio Maloy, Joseph D., Pvt., Co. I, Mount Vernon, Washington Mamie, Cleatus, Cook, Co. A, Overland, Missouri Mancuso, Gabriel R., Pvt., Co. D, 37 N. 5th Ave., Mt. Vernon, New York Manet, John L., Pvt., Co. E, Phillipsburg, Pennsylvania Mangini, Eugene, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 945 W. 49th St., Seattle, Washington Maniates, Nicholas, Pvt., Co. M, Rose Lake, Idaho Maniotas, Harry D., Cook, Co. E, 3115 Witmore St., Everett, Washington Mann, Daniel D., Pvt., M. G. Co., Box 35, Ruff, Wash- ington Mann, John D., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 335 W. Orange Ave., Mon- rovia, California Manning, Clarence E., Cpl., Co. L, Lewiston, Montana Manning, Ralph H., Pvt. 1 cl., Colchester, Vermont Mansfield, Homer, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Canton, Ohio Mansir, Ross, Pvt., Co. K, 1811 Fourth Ave., Kearney, Nebraska Manuel, Joseph L., Pvt., Co. D, Gillisonville, South Carolina Maracci, David, Pvt., Co. K, 2237 Powell St., San Fran- cisco, California Marich, Fred J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, 615 East St., Redding, California Marick, Joseph A., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Rock Creek, Oregon Marino, Carmen, Pvt., Hq. Co., Pocatello, Idaho Marino, George, Wagoner, Sup. Co., 2344 Eastlake Ave. Seattle, Washington Marino, Thomas, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 656 Giblins St., Los Angeles, California Markell, William W., Pvt., Co. I, St. Clair, Michigan Markley, Frank R., Mechanic, Co. F, Lebam, Washington Marks, Charles, Pvt., Co. E, 908 Capp St., San Francisco, California Marquis, Joseph A., Cook, Co. H, Custer, Washington Marquis, Vernon D., Cpl., Co. A, 608 N. Tracy Ave., Bozeman, Montana Marron, Lee, Pvt., Sup. Co., Selina, California Marshall, Ernest B., Pvt., Co. I, 372 Morrill Ave., Co- lumbus, Ohio Marshall, Buy, Pvt., Co. I, Waveland, Indiana Marshall, Thomas W., Pvt., Co. I, Abanda, Alabama Marshall, Willie K., Pvt., Co. L, Earlysville, Virginia Martel, Louis N., Pvt., Co. D, R. 2, Somerset, Wisconsin Martin, Elijah W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Houton, Oregon Martins, Hamilton C, Cpl., Co. G, Pierce Ranch, Tomales, California Maitin, Harold, Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., 207 Knox Ave., Spokane, Washington Martin, Iver, Pvt., Sup. Co., 1002 12th Ave., S. E., Minne- apolis, Minnesota Martin, Lee M., Pvt., Co. A, Route No. 1, Colleton Co., Ruffin, South Carolina Martin, Leslie C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, Princeton St., Holy- oke, Massachusetts Martin, Oscar, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, 879 Turk St., San Fran- cisco, California Martina, John, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 1315 S. Main St., Butte, Montana Martinez, Lewin W., 1st Lt., M. G. Co., 2401 Prospect St., Berkeley, California Martino, RaffaeloD., Pvt., Co. H, P. O. Box No. 3, St. Helena, California Maslaski, Charles, Pvt., Co. A, 55 3rd St., Superior, Wisconsin Mason, Millard D., Cpl., Co. D, Vernon Center, Oneida Co., New York Mason, Richard, Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., 2302 I St., Bakers- field, California Massie, Oliver L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Wilgus, Ohio Matanane, Pedro, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Fernside, Alameda County, California Matheos, Vasilios X., Cpl., Co. G, 1728 12th Ave., Seattle, Washington Matherly, Orlean E., Pvt., Co. G, Willis, Virginia Mathers, Charles R., Pvt., Co. L, Vigo, Ohio Matheson, Fred S., Pvt., Co. B, Cemetery Rd., Lake Liden, Michigan Matheson, Donald A., Jr., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Vacaville, California Mathews, Erick N., Pvt., Co. K, Prosser, Washington Mathews, Roland H., Cpl., Co. I, Evansville, Illinois Mathis, William, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, 1102 E. Eight St., Ander- son, Indiana Matthew, William, Pvt., Co. K, Saltillo, Indiana Matthews, David, Pvt., Co. I, Box 4, Klein, Montana Matthews, John W., Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Healds- burg, California Matthews, Russell B., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 6, Matoon, Illinois Mattimore, John J., Cpl., Co. I, 426 Sumner St., Toledo, Ohio Mauke, George R., Pvt., Co. A, 27 State St., Hammond, Indiana Maul, Carl F., Pvt., Co. B, 832 S. 18th St., Columbus, Ohio 263 Maxvold, Edwin C, Pvt., Co. L, DeSmet, South Dakota May, IIabhy G., Pvt., Hq. Co., 42 2nd St., Shelby, Ohio Mayhew, Irving L., Cpl., Co. M, Star Route, VVapate, Washington Mazman, Gaspar, Pvt., Co. L, Route 8, Box 185, Fresno, California Mazza, James, Pvt., Co. D, Philipsburg, Montana Mazzanty, Filippo, Pvt., Co. H, 552 Market St., Milwaukee, Wieconsin Meadows, Joe W., Pvt., M. G. Co., Prestonburg, Kentucky Mecham, Raymond B., Pvt., Co. E, 1106 7th St., San Bernardino, California Medder, Forrest, Pvt., Co. F, Texico, Illinois Mehlhoff, Henrich, Pvt., Co. A, Hosrner, South Dakota Meier, Joseph A., Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 1, Lamar, Indiana Meissnest, Harry' J., Pvt., Co. L, 536 S. 4th St., Lafayette, Indiana Melcher, John, Sgt., Co. E, Loomis, Washington Meldrum, Reed D., Cpl., Co. F, R. D. 2, Provo, Utah Mellier, Leander S., Pvt., Co. C, Prairie Du Rocher, Illinois Menard, Joseph, Pvt., Co. L, Box 166, North Yakima, Washington Menter, Ray f , Cpl., Co. D, Mulberry, Kansas Mentzer, Forrest E., Bugler, Co. L, North Lima, Ohio Menzer, Walter H., Pvt., Co. B, 416 Stanley Ave., Colum- bus, Ohio Mercer, Albert G., Musician, Hq. Co., Ashton, Idaho Mercone, Frederico, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, 1134 W. Walnut St., Shamokin, Pennsylvania Merrill, Stephen J., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Satsop, Wash- ington Mertens, Robert C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 1642 Berendo St., Los Angeles, California Mertz, Glenn A., Pvt., Co. H, Watertown, South Dakota Metheny, Nathaniel R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Terra Alta, Preston County, West Virginia Mettler, Oscar F., Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Beecher Cut, Illinois Metz, Donald H., Pvt., M. G. Co., Michigan, North Dakota Mevert, William, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Steeleville, Illinois Meves, Albert, Pvt., Co. E, 231 E. 7th St., Long Beach, California Meyer, Alfonz H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 1212 Best St., Buffalo, New York Meyers, Barney H., Pvt., Sup. Co., Gennessee, Idaho Meyers, Leo J., Pvt., Co. A, New Market, Minnesota Michael, Frank P., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Gen. Del., Spokane, Washington Micheletti, Joseph, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Lucca Per Sant, Maria, Italy Mickelson, John, Cpl., Hq. Co., 1630 Lane St., Seattle, Washington Mijatovich, Milos M., Pvt., Co. I, Box 1071, Tonopah, Nevada Mikkelsen, Rasmus M., Cpl., Co. M, 1485 Valencia St., San Francisco, California Miles, Marvin E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Ephrata, Washington Miley, Albert B., Cook, Co. G, 1204 Vigo St., Vincennes, Indiana Millen, Alvin W., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Puyallup, Washington Millen, Earlam S., Wagoner, Sup. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Puyallup, Washington Miller, Albert, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, LaConner, Washington Miller, Albert E., Pvt., M. G. Co., 327 S. Hope St., Los Angeles, California Miller, Andrew L., Pvt., Co. C, 1314 Orr Ave., Kittanning, Pennsylvania Miller, Edwin A., Sgt., Co. G, 3rd and Vermont St., South Boise, Idaho Miller, Ellis D., Cpl., Co. K, Weddervurn, Oregon Miller, Emil C, Pvt., Co. G, R. No. 1, Alexander, North Dakota Miller, Everett R., Pvt., Co. C, Wadsworth, Ohio Miller, Frank H., Pvt., Co. E, R. R. No. 3, Wellsville, Kansas Miller, George I., Pvt., Co. C, 845 Blaine St., Riverside, California Miller, Glenn E., Cpl., Co. A, Burlington, Washington Miller, Henry F., Pvt., Co. G, Fairmont, Minnesota Miller, John F., Pvt., Co. G, R. 1, Box 80, Bakersfield, California Miller, Joseph, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Fairview, Montana Miller, Lorenzo G., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, 211 2nd Ave., S. W., Aberdeen, South Dakota Miller, Melvin, Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 68, Etna Green, Indiana Miller, Raymond W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, 1015 E. 55th St., Seattle, Washington Miller, Thomas M., Pvt., Co. M, 715 6th St., N. E., Canton, Ohio Miller, William H., Pvt., Co. G, 189 Rose St., Barburton, Ohio Miller, William M., Cpl., Sup. Co., E. 104 Sharp Ave., Spokane, Washington Millowshowski, Steve, Pvt., M. G. Co., Sheller, Illinois Mills, George A., Cpl., Co. G, 923 First St., Riverside, California Millsap, John, Pvt., Co. C, Beech Fork, West Virginia Milne, Eugene B., Pvt., Co. L, 34th and Donovan St., Bellingham, Washington Milne, McBeth A., Sgt., Co. I, 326 Pioneer Ave., Puyallup, Washington Milutinovich, Toma, Pvt., Co. M, 799 W. Tuscarawas St., Barbeton, Ohio Minard, Chauncey, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, 1707 Belmont Ave., Seattle, Washington Minch, Walter L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Reby, Missouri Minick, Clarence J., Captain, Co. G, 622 St. Paul, Kansas City, Kansas Mink, Burrell B., Cpl., Co. K, Hill City, Idaho Minton, Lee, Pvt., Co. F, Box 106, R. F. D. 1, Gadsden, Alabama Miranda, Raymond F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 198 Rialto Ave., San Bernardino, California Miranda, Theodore, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Chatsworth, Cali- fornia Misselhorn, August, Pvt., Co. C, Campbell Hill, Illinois Mitchell, John D., Pvt., Co. D, McLeansboro, Illinois Mitchell, Walter J., Cpl., Co. K, Cherry Grove, Oregon Mitropoulos, John N., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 210 S. Montana Ave., Miles City, Montana Mitsumori, Nisuke, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 296 Kensington PL, Pasadena, California Mitleider, Johann, Pvt., Co. E, Blackfoot, Idaho Mock, Benjamin A., Pvt., Co. G, 2329 E. 37th St., Los Angeles, California Mock, Clarence E., Cpl., Co. B, Gilmore, Idaho Mock, Harry, Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 53, Leesburg, Indiana Moctelme, Felician, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, DeSmet, Idaho Modin, John E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Boring, Oregon Moe, Chris, Pvt., Co. F, 2316 S. T St., Tacoma, Washington Moe, William, Band Cpl., Hq. Co., Archer, Montana Moellering, Henry W., Pvt., Hq. Co., Lamond, Wash- ington Moeur, John H., 1st Lt., Co. H, Tempe, Arizona Mohaney, Carroll B., Sgt., Co. K, 616 W. Shore St., Lex- ington, Kentucky Mohney, Roy M., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Box 32, Elma, Washington Mohr, Leonard H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Red Bud, Illinois Molinari, Albert J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, 3580 17th St., San Francisco, California Mollisa, Gust G., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 1529}^ 9th Ave., Seattle, Washington Molony, Otho F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Eden, Idaho Monogham, William G., Sgt., Co. K, Oregon City, Oregon Mondine, Jean, Pvt., Co. A, 1779 Douner Ave., San Fran- cisco, California Monsen, Joseph, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Box 443, St. James, Minnesota Moon, Ray T., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Rupert, Idaho Moone, Arthur P., Pvt., Co. A, 318 Hanford St., Columbus, Ohio Moore, Archie E., Sgt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 2, Flora, Illinois Moore, Charles F., Pvt., Cl. C. Saltillo, Ohio Moore, David, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Box 301, Monrovia, Cal- ifornia Moore, Fred W., Pvt., M. G. Co., 124 Agines Ave., San Antonio, Texas Moore, Harlin T., Sgt., Co. K, St. Anthony, Idaho Moore, Thomas I., Wagoner, Hq. Co., Bowling Green, Missouri Morales, Joe, Pvt., Co. G, Elmodena, Orange County, California Moran, Harry% Pvt., Co. D, Sparta, Illinois Moreau, Victor, Pvt., Co. I, Morrisdale, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania Moreland, George, Pvt., Co. K, 419 Vesuvius St., Ironton, Ohio Morgan, Alfred, Pvt., Co. D, Quintico, Virginia Morgan, Charles R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 424 Beltz St., Ft. Wayne, Indiana Morgan, Edward T., Pvt., Co. L, Ririe, Idaho 264 Morgan, Harold L., Sgt., Co. G, 103 12th St., Astoria, Oregon Morgan, William C, Sup. Sgt., Co. E, 5664 S. Yakima Ave., Tacoma, Washington Morison, Max M., Pvt., Co. B, 226 Boerum St., Brooklyn, New York Moro, Sante, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Box 388, Trail, B. C. Moroni, Bert F., Pvt., Co. M, 117-29th Indiana Ave., Chicago, Illinois Morrell, George R., Pvt., Co. K, Freemont, Utah Morris, Arthur, Pvt., Co. K, Westville, Oklahoma Morris, Elmer, Pvt., Co. A, Troy, Kansas Morris, Gerald T., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1017 Warren Ave., Seattle, Washington Morris, John W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Mattoon, Illinois Morris, Leo G., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Cascade, Idaho Morrison, Jacob P., Pvt., Co. L, Villanow, Georgia Morrison, James E., Pvt., Co. A, 845 S. Hill St., Los Angeles California Morrison, James M., Pvt., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 1, Ventura, California Morrison, Philip, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Fairfield, Washington Morrison, Webster E., Sgt., Co. M, 125 S. 5th St., Living- ston, Montana Morriss, Albert P., Pvt., Co. H, Savannah, Missouri Morrow, Chester, Pvt., Hq. Co., H. O. B. 156, Washington, D.C. Morse, Hick, Pvt., M. G. Co., Ritzville, Washington Morton, Estis L., Pvt., Hq. Co., Box 33, Ontario, Oregon Morton, George M., Pvt., Co. B, Napavine, Washington Morton, Harrt D., Pvt., Hq. Co., 4709 Moneta Ave., Los Angeles, California Morton, John F., Pvt., Co. C, Satsop, Washington Moses, George, Pvt., Co. A, 346 E. Galena St., Butte, Montana Moshier, Glen D., Pvt., Co. A, 1323 30th Ave., E., Seattle, Washington Moss, Heber L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 2, Burley, Idaho Mottner, Albert R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, 502 N. Main St., Coleville, Washington Motz, August J., Pvt., Ord. Cps., 1020 Bailey St., Seattle, Washington Moulton, Charles R., Reg. Sgt. Maj., Hq. Co., care of State Bank of Portland, Portland, Oregon Mounger, Joe, Pvt., Co. F, Route 2, Wheat, Tennessee Mouzakis, Andreas, Pvt., Co. A, 1872 14th St., San Fran- cisco, California Mower, Francis M., Pvt., Co. A, Fairview, Utah Moyer, John W., Mess Sgt., Sup. Co., Big Lake, Washington Moylan, Daniel J., Pvt., Co. H, 879 Valencia St., San Francisco, California Muchow, Fred W., Cpl., Co. M, Crete, Nebraska Mueller, Karl R., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1616 E. 65th St., Seattle, Washington Mueller, Robert E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 1452 S. 9th St., Terre Haute, Indiana Mulholland, Harry B., Pvt., Co. I, 3330 4th St., N., Minneapolis, Minnesota Mullen, Edward J., Pvt., Co. K Mullen, John, Sgt., Co. A, 107 23rd Ave., Seattle, Wash- ington Mullen, William J., Pvt., Co. C, Woodriver, Nebraska Mulleniz, Jone E., Mechanic, Satsop, Washington Mumpower, Carl B., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, Oregon City, Oregon Munsey, Edward W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, 861 26th St., Ogden, Utah Murn, Paul C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Foley, Minnesota Murphy, Arthur P., Pvt., Co. B, 316 E. 3rd St., Anaconda, Montana Murphy, James C, Pvt., Co. B, 790 W. Copper St., Butte, Montana Murphy, John L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 2818 Harvard Ave., Cleveland, Ohio Murphy, Joseph H., Pvt., Hq. Co., 105^ S. Idaho St., Butte, Montana Murphy, Leo J., Cpl., Co. M, 20 28th St., San Francisco, California Murphy, Mike, Pvt., Co. B, 317 W. Clark, Anaconda, Montana Murphy, Peter, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Montana Hotel, Ana- conda, Montana Murphy, Stephen S., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, Culdesac, Idaho Murphy, William E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 1, Emmett, Idaho Murray, Carl F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Sloughhouse, California Murray, Earl A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 703 19th St., Sacramento, California Murray, Ernest K., 1st Lt., Hq. Co., 3702 N. 25th St. Tacoma, Washington Murray, Frank E., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1266 18th Ave., San Francisco, California Murray, George E., Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 1, Botabel, Ohio Murray, Sutherland, Pvt., Co. M, No. 2 Fire Hall, Van- couver, B. C. Musante, Edward A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Jamestown, Cal- ifornia Muse, Brinkley D., Pvt., M. G. Co., Trimble, Kentucky Music, James, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Randle, Washington Musgrave, John C, Pvt., Co. A, 365 Clipper St., San Fran- cisco, California Musso, Gio B., Pvt. 1 cl., Ord. Cps., 602 Jefferson St., Oakland, California Musso, Victor, Pvt., Co. K, 18 Blackburn St., Santa Cruz, California Mustari, Joe, Pvt., Co. A, Timber Butte, Butte, Montana Muthler, Aloysius M., Cpl., Co. C, 1273 Ida St., Mt. Adams, Cincinnati, Ohio Mutrux, Clarence E., Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., Baldwin Park, California Muzzy, Harold W., Pvt., Hq. Co., 4630 Creas St., Seattle, Washington Myers, Clifford L., Pvt., Co. G, Phillipsburg, Center County, Pennsylvania Myers, Darwin C, Sup. Sgt., Co. G, Kenton, Ohio Myers, George R., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 45, Franklin Furnace, Ohio Myers, John, Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Euphrata, Pennsylvania Myhre, George R., Cook, Co. E, 3221 N. 28th St., Tacoma, Washington Myrebee, Selmer H., 1st Sgt., Co. E, Poulsbo, Washington Nashbaur, Frederick E., Sgt., Hq. Co., 1665 Union St., San Diego, California Naftzger, Roy E., Maj., 2nd Bn., Mchts. Nat. Bk. Bldg., Los Angeles, California Nagle, Cris, Pvt., Hq. Co., Windras, Colorado Nalley, Clarency, Pvt., Co. M, Woodsfield, Ohio Nantz, Ira D., Pvt., Co. A, R. F. D. 2, Lima, Ohio Naseth, Carl M., Cpl., Co. B, Marietta, Minnesota Naslund, Grover T., Pvt., Sup. Co., Bellevue, Wash- ington Nasset, Anton J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Schollsmade, North Dakota Nathanson, Joseph N., Pvt., Co. A, 760 8th Ave., San Fran- cisco, California Naught, Earl, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Rosalia, Washington Navone, John, Saddler, Sup. Co., 218 8th Ave., Seattle, Washington Neal, Clarence O., Pvt., M. G. Co., Assumption, Illinois Neal, Daniel O., Musician, Hq. Co., Lacey, Washington Neal, John A., Pvt., Co. M, Route No. 1, Waterloo, Ohio Neal, Hollis C, Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 4, Gallipolis, Ohio Neargaard, August E., Pvt., Co. B, Jordan, Montana Neary, Wesley, Cpl., Co. F, 1743 Miner Ave., Seattle, Washington Neathery, Clarence M., Pvt., M. G. Co., Sheldon, Mis- souri Neer, George L., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, Mattoon, Illinois Neighbor, Clyde, Mechanic, Co. A, 30 E. Copper St., Butte, Montana Neiland, Ernest A., Pvt., Co. L, P. O. 55, North Portland, Oregon Neiman, Robert L., Pvt., Co. G, Osceola Mills, Pennsyl- vania Nelson, Albin S., Pvt., M. G. Co., Port Orchard, Wash- ington Nelson, Arthur J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, R. No. 1, Monterey, Minnesota Nelson, Axel C, Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 2, Welbach, Nebraska Nelson, Bertel L., Cpl., Co. I, Route "J," Box 124, Fresno, California Nelson, Carl J., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 7713 5th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Washington Nelson, Edward H., Pvt., Co. I, 2801 Mariposa St., San Francisco, California Nelson, Ernest G., Band Cpl., Hq. Co., Lowell, Washing- ton Nelson, Ezra F., Pvt., Co. M, Washington Ave., Monta- bello, California Nelson, Harold F., Pvt., Co. F, 501 S. Illinois St., Streator, Illinois 265 Nelson, Neber, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Box 15, Thayne, Wyom- ing Nelson, John E., Cpl., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Blackfoot, Idaho Nelson, Nels A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, 4416 N. 30th St., Ta- coma, Washington Nelson, William C, Pvt., Co. A, 82 Rosedale, Johnstown, Pennsylvania Neubauek, Paul F., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, Sherwood, North Dakota Neumeister, Harry, Pvt., Co. B, 3205 Colerain Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio Neuser, John W., Cpl., Co. F, 208 North Ave., Los Angeles, California Newby, Hiioh S., Pvt., Co. G, Monroe, Sevier Co., Utah Newell, James E., Band Cpl., Hq. Co., 1915 Riverside Ave., Hoquiam, Washington Newell, James J., Sgt., Co. B, 321 N. Idaho St., Butte, Montana Newlun, Jesse A., Cpl., Co. H, Little Rock, Washington Newman, Alfred T., Pvt., Co. B, Soda Springs, Idaho Newman, Curtis C, Pvt., Co. K, Landax, Oregon Newton, Frank L., Sgt., Co. I, 2146 C. St., Eureka, Cali- fornia Newton, Harold R., Cpl., Co. F, 517 l A W. 3rd St., Los Angeles, California Nice, Robert, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 3, Dahlgren, Illi- nois Nichols, Christ, Pvt., Co. G, R. F. D. Box 59, Bollevue, Washington Nichols, Joseph D., Pvt., Co. D, Olio, West Virginia Nickolatsas, Nicklaos P., Pvt., 1 cl., Co. B, 1014 2nd St., Sacramento, California Nick(9on, Claude L„ Pvt., Co. L, 212 E. Fifth St., Cincinnati, Ohio Nicolavo, Tom, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Box 569, Price, Utah Nicolini, John, Cpl., Co. F, Sonora, California Nielsen, Charlie A., Pvt., Co. L, 916 E. Pine St., Santa Anna, California Nielsen, Ralph, Pvt., Co. G, Elliott, Washington Nielson, Lendy A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 2, Blain, Washington Nilson, Nils M., Mechanic, Co. B, 410 10th Ave., Seattle, Washington Niosi, Rosario J., Sgt., Hq. Co., 1433 Bond St., Los An- geles, California Nivison, Robert C, Pvt., Co. L, 283 Lincoln St., Portland, Oregon Nixon, Vernon R., Cpl., Co. E, Tenasket, Washington Noffsinoer, Frank, Pvt., Co. K, Mapleton, Oregon Nolan, Charles W., Pvt., Hq. Co., Kenyon, Minnesota Nolan, James F., Pvt., Co. L, 26 Jefferson St., Haverstraw, New York Norbom, Roy L., Pvt., Hq. Co., 427 Leary Bldg., Seattle, Washington Nordell, Frederick P., Pvt., Co. A, Castledale, Utah Nordstrom, Harry O., Pvt., Co. M, Burns Ave., Kings- burg, California Norgaard, George, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 53 3rd St., Portland, Oregon Norgen, Axel R., Cpl., Sup. Co., Everett, Washington Northrop, Donald A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 1010 W. Boone Ave., Spokane, Washington Noste, Ole C, Cpl., Co. A, 2S21 Commodore Way, Seattle, Washington Noreboom, William C, Cook, Co. K, Lyndon, Washington Nourse, Walter, Pvt., Co. A, Jackson, Minnesota Novak, William F., Cpl., Co. I, Chester, Illinois Noyes, Roy A., Mess Sgt., Co. E, Port Orchard, Washington Nutter, John M., Pvt., Co. H, Miller, West Virginia Nyberg, Andrew P., Pvt., Co. E, St. Anthony, Idaho Nylander, Harold W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Ripon, California Nystrand, John, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 605 Yesler Way, Seattle, Washington Nyswaner, Guy B., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Talent, Oregon Oakes, James A., Sgt., Co. L, 267 Morris St., Portland, Oregon Oakley, HurdusG., Sgt., M. G. Co., U. S. Marino Hospital, Detroit, Michigan Oaks, Harold F., Cpl., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 3, Coleville, Washington Oatfield, Royal, Cpl., Co. G, Skamakawa, Washington Oberlander, John C., Pvt., Co. A, Paulding, Ohio OuKin.ANDEit, William J., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Route 1, Anaheim, California O'Brien, Charles F., Cpl., Co. M, 139 Missoula Ave., Butte, Montana O'Brien, Danny, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 6409 E. 82nd St., Port- land, Oregon O'Brien, Dennis, Pvt., Co. F, 542 Elm St., Arlington, New Jersey O'Brien, Jack, 1st Lt., Sup. Co., Mt. St. Sepulchre, Wash- ington, D. C. O'Brien, John D., Regtl. Sgt. Major, Hq. Co., Neche, North Dakota Ochoa, Peter G., Pvt., Co. A, 1589 Underwood Ave., San Francisco, California O'Connell, Frank C, Sgt., Hq. Co., 3046 W. 64th St., Seattle, Washington O'Connell, Herbert E., Sgt., Hq. Co., 1419 Madrona Drive, Seattle, Washington O'Conner, Joseph E., 2nd Lt., Co. E, 5042 Michigan Ave., Chicago, Illinois Odum, Edwin W., Pvt., Co. G, 509 Pine St., Monterey, California Offield, Emra, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Lugo, San Bernardino Co., California Offield, Louis, Pvt., Co. C, 1503 W. 28th St., Los Angeles, California O'Hea, John E., Pvt., Co. C, Box 126, Black Hawk, Col- orado O'Hearn, Edward, Pvt., Co. A, 128 Missoula Ave., Butte, Montana Ohlinger, Ellis A., Cpl., Hq. Co., Belding, Michigan Ohm, Fred, Cpl., Co. I, 1800 Piatte Ave., Matoon, Illinois O'Keefe, Daniel J., Sgt., Co. B, 919 Noe St., San Fran- cisco, California Olbertz, John L., Pvt., Hq. Co., 518 10th St., Hoquiam, Washington Oliver, Arvill, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 6, McLeans- boro, Illinois Olley, Jerome M., Pvt., Co. G, 39 S. Rock St., Shamokin, Pennsylvania Olney, Daniel C, Pvt., Hq. Co., Rockland, Idaho Olsen, John H., Sgt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 1, San Ber- nardino, California Olsen, Julius, Pvt., Co. D, Stanford, Montana Olsen, Lars P., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Stanford, Montana Olsen, Olaf, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 162A, Poulsbo, Washington Olson, Alphonso R., Pvt., Hq. Co., 9th & Fulton, Mt. Vernon, Washington Olson, Anders A., Pvt., Co. L, 240 Main St., Spokane, Washington Olson, Bert, Pvt., Co. B, Superior, Montana Olson, Claude W., Sgt., Co. K, Potlatch, Idaho Olson, Harry E., Pvt., Co. C, Medical Lake, Washington Olson, Ingvald, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Clarkia, Idaho Olson, Jacob, Pvt., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 1, Pollock, South Dakota Olson, Lee M., Pvt., Co. A, Sullivan, Montana Olson, Oscar, Pvt., Med. Det., 710 S. E St., Tacoma, Washington Olson, Zenas A., Sup. Sgt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 4, Sher- wood, Oregon O'Reagan, John, Pvt., Co. K, 425 E. Fourth St., Cincinnati, Ohio O'Reilly, Thomas E., Pvt., Co. C, 1362 E. 56th St., Los Angeles, California Orfanu, Mike, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, McCleary, Washington Orlando, Jims, Pvt., Co. M, 1500 Sherrick Rd., S. E., Canton, Ohio Osborne, Charles G., Cpl., Co. C, Ajlune, Washington Osborne, Crawford J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Badger, Cali- fornia Osburn, Fred G., Pvt., Co. K. Ott, Benjamin F., Pvt., Med. Dot., Live Oak, California Ott, Crawford E., Pvt. 1 cl., Med. Det., 2028 N. 11th St., Kansas City, Kansas Ottina, Lorenzo, Pvt., Co. C, 1608 E. 45th St., Los An- geles, California Ottmar, Emanuel, Pvt., Co. G, Ruff, Washington Owen, Floyd H., Cpl., Co. B, 1632 E. 86th St., Cleveland, Ohio Owen, Walter J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 921 Oregon St., East Bakersfield, California Paccassi, Milton R., Cpl., Co. K, 1570 32nd St., Oakland, California Pack, Oscar C, Cpl., Co. B, Jasper, Ohio Palagi, Joe, Pvt., Co. M, McQueen Addition, Butte, Mon- tana Palikar, Anton, Pvt., Co. A, 321 S. 1st St., San Francisco, California Palm, JonN N., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D., Mansfield, Ohio Palmer, Carl W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. L, 506 Bright St., Indianapolis, Indiana Palmer, John W., Pvt., Co. C, Danville, Kentucky 266 Panagiotu, Antonios, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Raymond, Wash- ington Pano, Louis, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, 420 Mill St., Cincinnati, Ohio Panner, Thomas J., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 1200 Elizabeth St., Pasedena, California Pantano, Pietro, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 280 1st St., Portland, Oregon Pantel, John, Pvt., Co. K, 1810 Chester Ave., Bakersfield, California Papapietro, Domenico, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, 2366 26th St., San Francisco, California Pappas, Pete, Cook, Sup. Co., P. O. Box 241, Dallas, Oregon Paris, James, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, Clifton, Oregon Park, Charles R., Pvt., Co. L, 1123 Missouri Ave., Port- land, Oregon Parker, Chester A., Pvt., Co. A, 1521 6th St., Eureka, California Parker, Joseph H., Cpl., Co. F, 416 E. 65th St., Los Angeles, California Parker, Leo, Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., 201 N. Wall St., Hillyard, Washington Parker, Marshall F., Pvt., Co. B, P. O. Box 118, El Cajon, California Parker, Russell E., Pvt., Hq. Co., 325 Lincoln Ave., Pomona, California Parker, William G., Captain, Med. Det., Cashmere, Washington Parker, William R., Pvt., Co. M, Mentor, Ohio Parkes, James, Pvt., Co. A, Phillipsburg, Pennsylvania Parkins, Joseph M., Pvt., Hq. Co., 733 Slater St., Santa Rosa, California Parkinson, Bernard, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, Box 41, Big Lake, Washington Parks, Ernest, Wagoner, Sup. Co., 2107 24th Ave., S., Mi Seattle, Washington Parrish, Reuel H.T., Pvt., Co. K, 227 W. 3rd St., Los Angeles, California Parshall, Jesse J., Wagoner, Hq. Co., 5210 15th Ave., S., Seattle, Washington Parsons, Dexter, Pvt., Co. G, R. R. No. 2, Box 13, Galax, Virginia Partlow, Remer, Sgt., Co. M, Sumas, Washington Pasini, Pasqual, Pvt., Co. H, Box 53, Tolt, Washington Passenger, Allen L., 1st Sgt., Co. H, R. F. D. Box 255, Seattle, Washington Patterson, Hubert B., Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 7, Fay- ette, Alabama Patterson, Orlando, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Randolph, Montana Paul, Findley W., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Rexburg, Idaho Paulin, Arthur C, Sgt., Co. M, 1244 E. 42nd St., Los Angeles, California Paulsen, Paul R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, 4010 Ashworth Ave., Seattle, Washington Pavlik, John D., Pvt., Co. M, Verdigre, Nebraska Paxton, Virgle, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Box 315, Springfield, Oregon Payne, John R., Cpl., Co. B, Moorsburg, Tennessee Payne, Fred H., Pvt., Co. K, Graceville, Montana Payne, Louis W., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 1818>£ 9th Ave., Seattle, Washington Payne, Paul, Cook, Co. I, 308 Lafayette St., Jefferson City, Missouri Payne, Walter A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 2, Moores- burg, Tennessee Peak, George C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 3190 24th St., San Fran- cisco, California Pearce, FraftonC, Sgt., Co. E, 2951 Foster Court, Denver, Colorado Pearce, Warren, Pvt. Co. I, Paradise, Utah Pearson, Fred A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 2, Addy, Washington Pearson, Nels E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Fernwood, Idaho Pearson, William E., Cpl., Co. F, Van Nuys, California Pease, Daniel K., Mechanic, Co. L, Drummond, Montana Pederson, Barney, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 7733 Walnut Drive, Los Angeles, California Pedersen, Godtfred M., Cpl., Co. H, 3034 W. 64th St., Seattle, Washington Pederson, Richard, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Moorpark, California Pedersen, Sorn, Cpl., Co. A, Bartlett, Illinois Peel, Harry W., Pvt. 1 cl., Hq. Co., 421 W. Franklin St., Taylorville, Illinois Peffers, Albert R., Pvt., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 3, Box 111, Ellensburg, Washington Pehrson, Carl A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Virginia, Idaho Peirce, Robert G., Cpl., Co. E, 2424 Federal Ave., Seattle, Washington Pelizzari, John J., Cpl., Hq. Co., 603 Humboldt St., Reno, Nevada Pellegrino, John, Pvt., Co. A, 3946 N. Fairhill St., Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania Pelly, Thomas J., Pvt., Co. G, 1146 W. Granite St., Butte, Montana Pelton, Hugh H., Sgt., Co. K, Mackay, Idaho Pendroy, Frank F., Pvt., Co. B, Pendroy, Montana Pentico, Walter E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, Edson, Kansas Penwell, Daniel L., Pvt., Co. H, Greenfield, Ohio Peppler, Clarence G., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 1737 1st Ave., S., Seattle, Washington Perelli, Benjamin J., Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. 2, Renton, Washington Perkins, Edward L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, La Habra, California Perks, Reginald A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, 223 Fair Oaks St., San Francisco, California Perri, Pasquali, Pvt., Co. H, 2725 Norman St., Seattle, Washington Perrone, Ferdinando, Pvt., Co. B, 36 7th S. West St., Seattle, Washington Perry, Jesse O., Sgt., M. G. Co., 1602^ S. G St., Tacoma, Washington Peterson, Elmer, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Rupert, Idaho Peterson, Elmo A., Pvt. 1 cl., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Parma, Idaho Peterson, Gustave A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Northwood, Iowa Peterson, Harry W., Pvt., Ord. Cps., 2410 F St., Belling- ham, Washington Peterson, Hilden L., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Fairview, Utah Peterson, John, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, Rexburg, Idaho Peterson, Martin A., Pvt., Hq. Co., Hilgora, Idaho Peterson, Martin D., Pvt., Co. I, Kingsburg, California Peterson, Peder M., Pvt., Hq. Co., 912 12th Ave., Seattle, Washington Peterson, Murlin A., Sgt., Co. L, Franklin, Idaho Petersen, Nels S., Cook, Co. M, Route A, Box 91, Del Roy, California Peterson, Nickles, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, Box 503, Bend, Oregon Peterson, Sanford E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. I, 1422 Gardner Ave., Spokane, Washington Peth, LeRoy H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, 5040 19th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Washington Petropoulis, Stathis, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 321 10th St., Ho- quiam, Washington Petry, Edwin L., Pvt., Co. E, Seventeen, Ohio Petsch, Frank, Pvt., Co. G, Bell Plain, Minnesota Pettit, William S., Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 2, Marengo, Ohio Peukert, Albert A., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 12, Box 436, Los Angeles, California Pfeif, Henry, Pvt., Co. L, Odessa, Washington Pfeilstecker, Leo R., Pvt., Co. K, 19 S. Elizabeth St., Mt. Healthy, Ohio Pfenning, Joseph, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, Midvale, Idaho Pfund, Southall R., 1st Lt., Co. B, 955 Geary St., Apt. 6, San Francisco, California Phelps, LeRoy R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 3609 N. Orchard St., Tacoma, Washington Phelps, Thomas H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 64 N. Fisher Ave., Blackfoot, Idaho Philipchuk, Nick, Pvt., Co. L, Donnelly, Minnesota Phillips, Archie H., Pvt., Sup. Co., 2313 E. 83rd St., Cleveland, Ohio Phillips, Edward L., Pvt., Co. C, Horte, Montana Phillips, Frank, Pvt., Hq. Co., 1917 South, E., Tacoma, Washington Phillips, Louis, Cpl., Co. G, Box 151, Black Diamond, Washington Phillips, Oliver C, Pvt., Co. L, Toppenish, Washington Phillips, Roy, Sgt., Co. H, 8032 N. E. St., Seattle, Wash- ington Philpott, McElree, Pvt., Co. D, Guston, Kentucky Phipps, Edward C, Pvt., Co. H, 1485 E. 49th St., Los Angeles, California Pickel, Emil J., Pvt., Co. L, 2121 B St., Bellingham, Wash- ington Pieper, Gustave H., Pvt., Co. I, Irwin, Idaho Pierce, Frank A., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Route 6, Box 286 B, Seattle, Washington Pierce, Walter D., Cpl., Co. I, 2010 Southwestern Ave., Seattle, Washington Pieri, Frank, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, 159 Collingwood St., San Francisco, California Pierson, Carlos L., Pvt., Co. L, Daniels, Idaho Pike, Will C, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, 131 Powell St., San Fran- cisco, California Pilgrim, Bert, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, Myra, Texas 267 Pinkham, Seth, Pvt., Co. G, 265 Cottage St., New Bedford, Massachusetts Plakanouris, James, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. B, P. O. Box 194, Miles City, Montana Platt, Frederick C, Cpl., Co. A, 220 W. Hancock Ave., Detroit, Michigan Plummer, Walter J., Pvt. Co. C, Grant Grayson, Virginia Poe, Earl B., Cpl., Co. L, 623 7th Ave., S. W., Puyallup, Washington Poggensee, Harry, Pvt., Co. L, Route No. 1, Auburn, Washington Poggio, August L., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. 3, Box 67, Stock- ton, California Pointer, Oral J., Cpl., Hq. Co., 36 N. Edgewood St., West Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Polder, Leendert, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 6, Box 680, Los Angeles, California Polioudakis, John, Pvt., Co. D, 288 Burnside St., Portland, Oregon Polly, Clyde E., Pvt., Hq. Co., Galier, California Pomeroy, Elmer E., Pvt., Co. C, Eureka, Montana Pomeroy, John P., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. G, 621 25th Ave., N., Seattle, Washington Pomroy, Adolphus, Pvt., Co. A, 604 W. Quartz St., Butte, Montana Ponto, Frank A., Pvt., Co. I, Faribault, Minnesota Ponton, Millard J., Pvt., Co. H, 1194 C St., Fresno, California Pope, John F., Pvt., Co. D, Carson, New Mexico Poplin, Edward J., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 232 Bradford St., Raymond, Washington Poppie, Ernest, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. F, Arborn, Idaho Porter, Joseph F., Pvt., Hq. Co., Dounev, California Postel, Louis, Pvt., Co. H, 48 VV. 34th St., Chicago, Illinois Poston, Robert, Cpl., Co. F, Centerville, Idaho Poulos, Tom, Pvt., Sup. Co., Forest Grove, Oregon Pounds, Herman, Pvt., Hq. Co., E. 804 Kiernan Ave., Spokane, Washington Powell, David J., Pvt., Co. D, Vayland, South Dakota Powell, Roy W., Pvt., Co. E, Jobs, Ohio Powers, Fred C, Cpl., Co. I, 225 N. 4th St., Corvallis, Oregon Powers, John, Pvt. 1 cl., Co. D, 820 14th St., San Francisco, California Powers, Thomas, Pvt. 1 cl., Sup. Co., Lehi, Utah Prante, Charles D., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. L, Cody, Wyoming Preston, Jerry, Sgt., Co. G, R. A, Box 117, Elma, Washington Preston, Lyman E., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Free Water, Oregon Prevo, William H., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 3, New Virginia, Iowa Pridemore, William R., Pvt., Hq. Co., 2840 E. 4th St., Los Angeles, California Priem, William F., Pvt., Co. G, Bellingham, Minnesota Prinzing, Albert W., Cpl., Co. B, P. O. Box 1221, Great Falls, Montana Proebstel, Rudolf R., Pvt. 1 cl., Co. A, Weston, Oregon Proulx, Frank P., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Leadore, Idaho Prusha, Edward, Pvt., Co. I, 1702 P St., Southside, Omaha, Nebraska Pryer, Edgar, Pvt., Co. M, 324 Penn St., Jeffersonville, Indiana Puccinelli, Nicolo, Pvt., Co. B, 597 Lenzen Ave., San Jose, California Pulliam, William A., Cpl., Co. F, Box 552, 335 S. Southern, Globe, Arizona Pullum, Leo B., Pvt., Hq. Co., Trenton, Utah Pulone, Joseph, Pvt., Co. H, 6306 S. Hoover St., Los Angeles, California Pulos, Dan, Pvt., Co. I, Box 1135, Pueblo, Colorado Punke, Arthur, Pvt., Co. I, Panola, Illinois Puthuff, Orville, Pvt., Co. L, Hangingrock, Ohio Questo, Frederick J., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. Box 78, lone, California Quick, Raymond B., Pvt., Co. G, R. No. 4, Lebanon, Indiana Quilici, Amos, Pvt., Co. H, Yaerengtton, Nev. Quilici, Guido, Pvt., Co. B, Carson City, Nevada Qcinby, James A., 1st Lt., Sup. Co., 205 S. 9th St., San Jose, California Quint, Ralph, Pvt., Co. K, 108 South Walnut, Youngstown, Ohio Rachel, Michael B., Pvt., Co. L, Robins, Ohio Raczysnki, Casimir A., Pvt., M. G. Co., 2105 S. Central Park Ave., Chicago, Illinois Radford, Otho H., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Pomeroy, Ohio Radke, Carlisle A., Pvt., Co. G, 192^ Union Ave., N., Portland, Oregon Raeael, William, Pvt., Co. H, 309 J St., Benecia, Cali- fornia Raines, Waldo E., Sgt., Co. G, 4038 74th St., S. E., Port- land, Oregon Rainey, William F., Pvt., Co. H, 1812 Luzerne St., Scran- ton, Pennsylvania Rainwater, Jack R., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 2, Box 100, Albany, Oregon Rakofski, Andrew, Pvt., Co. C, 426 S. Hanauer St., Nanticake, Pennsylvania RaLonde, Francis M., Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 2, Olym- pia, Washington Ralstin, Albert E., Cpl., M. G. Co., Mohler, Idaho Ramsdell, George V.,lstLt.,M. G. Co., Shedd, Oregon Ramsden, Silas A., Mess Sgt., Co. M, 8713 Greenwood Ave., Seattle, Washington Ramsey, Walter S., Pvt., Co. I, Island Lake, Wisconsin Randall, Ernest, Sgt., Co. I, Smithfield, Market, Bir- mingham, England Randall, Payton W., Pvt., Co. M, Bozeman, Montana Rankin, James B., Pvt., Co. L, Hugo, Oklahoma Rantaia, Viney J., Pvt., Co. D, Vader, Washington Rapp, Lloyd R., Cpl., Co. D, 211 E. Parmer Ave., Glendale, California Rasar, Floyd, Cook, Hq. Co., 610 Jefferson St., Seattle, Washington Rash, James A., Pvt., Co. E, Box 37, Rose Lake, Idaho Rasmussen, Anchor C, Pvt., Co. K, Turner, Montana Rasmussen, Ernest C, Pvt., Co. A, Haley, North Dakota Rasmussen, Frank E., Cpl., Co. B, 511 Prindel St., Che- halis, Washington Rasmussen, Harold P., Pvt., Co. G, 3207 Emerson St., Seattle, Washington Rasmussen, Lawrence C, Pvt., Co. E, Lowell, Washington Rasmussen, Roy W., Pvt., Co. D, Harrisburg, Oregon Ratcliff, Edwin L., Pvt., M. G. Co., Craig, Colorado Raterman, Henry A., Pvt., Co. K, 1556 Borten St., Cin- cinnati, Ohio Ratzman, Wilhelm F., Pvt., Co. E, 1604 3rd St., Snohomish, Washington Rawlings, Raymond J., Pvt., Co. M, 1219 Addison Rd., Cleveland, Ohio Rawson, Lansing R., Pvt., Co. F, 716 Meredian Ave., South Pasadena, California Ray, Dexter W., Pvt., Hq. Co., Paster, Washington Rayhill, McKinley, Pvt., Co. E, Station A, Charlestown, West Virginia Reaume, Joe, Pvt., Co. F, Tenn. and Kelly Sts., Mobile, Rebelski, Martin, Pvt., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 3, Webster, South Dakota Rebold, William D., Pvt., Co. G, 167 Superior Blvd., Wyandotte, Michigan Reddick, Alfred L., Pvt., Co. H, 1022 E. 49th St., Los Angeles, California Redden, William H., Pvt., Co. M, 1409 12th St., Ports- mouth, Ohio Redlin, Alvin W., Pvt., Co. D, Baldwin, Wisconsin Redmond, Harold G., Pvt., Co. H, 32 Gratten St., San Francisco, California Reed, Arthur, Pvt., Co. H, Rialto, California Reed, Dorris, Pvt., Co. G, Bellefont, Center Co., Penn- sylvania Reed, Frank, Pvt., Co. M, Terre Haute, Indiana Reed, Gilbert I., Pvt., Co. F, N. 3303 Stone St., Spokane, Washington Reed, Miles S., Sgt., M. G. Co., Langdon, North Dakota Reef, Robert R., Pvt., Hq. Co., Roosevelt, Utah Reese, Jerry W., Cpl., Co. C, Lyman, Washington Reeves, Homes, Pvt., Co. B, Laurel, Mississippi Reeves, John L., Pvt., Co. F, Broughton, Illinois Reichelt, Emil A., Sgt., Co. B, 398 N. Main St., Fon Du Lac, Wisconsin Reid, Harold G., Cpl., Co. D, 322 Windsor Place, Long Beach, California Reid, John G., Pvt., Co. H, Gulliver, Mich. Reidt, Joseph A., Pvt., Co. L, Station A, Vancouver, Washington Reiger, John C, Pvt., Co. I, 1407 Pleasant St., Cin- cinnati, Ohio Rein, Earnest C, Sgt., Co. B, Webb, Oklahoma Rein, Paul F., Pvt., Co. M, 3rd St., Portsmouth, Ohio Reine, Lewis, Pvt., Co. C, Lakq Mills, Iowa Reinerts, John, Sgt., Co. B, 1120 Van Houten St., Port- land, Oregon 268 Reinwand, Louis W., Pvt., Co. I, Isabelle, Michigan Reisinger, Raleigh F., Pvt., Co. C, 773 E. Livingston St., Columbus, Ohio Rehbein, Edward, Pvt., Co. H, 170 Beach St., Portland, Oregon Rehm, Frank, Pvt., Hq. Co., 430 N. Hill St., Los Angeles, California Rekstad, Hans A., Mechanic, M. G. Co., Willow Lake, South Dakota Remick, Raine, Pvt., Co. B, 1226 Rucker Ave., Everett, Washington Remington, Jay D., Pvt., Med. Det., Box 192, Portola, California Remiro, Charles L., Pvt., Co. K, 140 Bridge St., Weston- ville, California Reninger, Grant I., Pvt., Co. A, Downers Grove, Illinois Reno, Harvie D., Pvt., Co. H, 23 S. 1st Ave., Phoenix, Arizona Renwick, John, Pvt., Hq. Co., Emmett, Idaho Rettig, Alfred, Pvt., Co. L, Box 52, R. F. D. No. 1, Hol- gate, Ohio Rettke, Otto J., Pvt., Co. C, Gen. Del., Hanover, Kansas Reyling, Otto L., Pvt., Co. K, Dahlgren, Illinois Reynolds, Garrett C, Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 3, Atticam, Indiana Reynolds, James J., Pvt., Co. L, Martins Ferry, Ohio Rice, Bernard M., Cpl., Co. A, 3217 Holden St., Seattle, Washington Rice, Jesse, Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Hillsbourgh, Kentucky Rice, Jules V., Cpl., Co. H, 705 W. 63rd St., Los Angeles, California Richard, Albert F., Cook, Co. K, Bremerton, Washington Richards, Harry H., Pvt., Co. A, 517 N. Montana, Butte, Montana Richards, Howard J., Cpl., Co. B, P. O. Box 184, Lewiston, Montana Richards, James, Pvt., Co. F, 209 N. 12th St., Charleston, Illinois Richards, Raymond C, Sgt., Co. K, Renton, Washington Richardson, Ira C, Pvt., Co. F, Fair Grange, Illinois Richardson, John, Wagoner, Sup. Co., 3434 14th St., Seat- tle, Washington Richardson, Leonard, Cpl., Co. E, W. 7th and Cherry Sts., New Albany, Indiana Richardson, Robert, Pvt., Co. A, Box 53, Whitney, South Dakota Richardson, Robert G., Cpl., Co. K, Galex, West Virginia Richardson, Walter R., Pvt., Co. M, 103 13th Ave., N., Seattle, Washington Richelman, Harry, Pvt., M. G. Co., Price, Utah Richey, Nassie, Pvt., Co. K, Utopia, Texas Richmond, William H., Mach., Co. E, Sykes, Montana Ricker, Henry W., Pvt., Co. C, Arden Hotel, Cleveland, Ohio Ricketts, Richard M., Mach., Co. E, Jerome, Idaho Ricks, Perry J., Sgt., Med. Det., Rigby, Idaho Riddell, Wilbur J., Pvt., Co. D, 446 Lake St., San Fran- cisco, California Riddle, Harry, Pvt., M. G. Co., Normal, Kentucky Riddle, Newt B., Pvt., Co. B, Lynden, Washington Riederer, Fred J., Pvt., Co. F, 2005 E. VanagetSt., Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania Rietmann, Otto, Wagoner, Sup. Co., lone, Oregon Riggs, Gilman B., Pvt., Hq. Co., 260 Wygant St., Portland, Oregon Riley, James, Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 5, Kenton, Ohio Riley, Jesse, Pvt., Co. I, Bertha, Ohio Riley, John W., Sgt., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 3, Oakland, Indiana Riley, Lester H., Pvt., Co. G, Richfield, Utah Riley, Lloyd F., Pvt., Hq. Co., 4103 8th Ave., S., Seattle, Washington Riling, Chester C, Pvt., Sup. Co., 4200 Logan Ave., Altoona, Pennsylvania Ring, Frederick I., Cpl., Hq. Co., 1119 Howell St., Seattle, Washington Riolo, Tony, Pvt., Co. B, 1901 Magazine St., New Orleans, Louisiana Rista u, John W., Pvt., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 3, Spokane, Washington Ritchie, Everett P., Cpl., Co. F, lone, Oregon Rittenhouse, Glesson, Pvt., Co. K, Duvall, Ohio Rivers, Joseph R., Pvt., Co. C, 1316 S. Eye St., Tacoma, Washington Roach, Jesse, Pvt., Co. H, Fraziers Bottom, West Virginia Robarge, Joseph, Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 2, Bow, Wash- ington Roberts, Araha O., Pvt., Co. G, Olene, Oregon Roberts, Cuktis W., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Carmen, Idaho Roberts, Hugh, Wagoner, Sup. Co., 115 M St., Rock Springs, Wyoming Roberts, John A., Pvt., Co. K, Box 254, Rigby, Idaho Robertson, Jim, Cpl., Co. M, 5011 Meridian Ave., Seattle, Washington Robertson, Manuel M., Pvt., Co. G, 223 Front St., Salanas, California Robertson, Sam W., 2nd Lt„ Co. D, 2222 Pillsbury Ave., Minneapolis, Minnesota Robertson, Simon D., Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 1, Williams- ton, North Carolina Robertson, Thomas, Pvt., Co. B, U. S. S. Denver, care of Postmaster, New York City Robie, Rothwell W., Pvt., Co. H, Milton, California Robins, Adlai E., Sgt., Co. E, Waterville, Washington Robinson, Henry E., Pvt., Co. I, Biloxi, Mississippi Robinson, James W., Mechanic, Hq. Co., 127 19th St., Seattle, Washington Robirds, Ray M., Pvt., Co. A, 1247 11th St., Santa Monica, California Robnett, Roy, Pvt., Co. H, Detroit, Michigan Rocchetta, Lui, Pvt., Co. I, Lago Genova, Borghetto, Vara Per, Italy , „ Rockwell, Ruben L., Pvt., Co. H, 328 E. 60th St., Loa Angeles, California Rodgers, Dudley, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 4, Robinson, Illinois ,. Rodgers, Henry E., Pvt., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 3, Joliet, Illinois . Rodgers, John R., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Memphis, Tenn- CSS66 Rodriguez, Reuben R., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 509 Madison St., Monterey, California Roeder, Matthew J., Pvt., Co. I, Granville, Iowa Rogers, Andrew, Pvt., Co. K, Patton, Pennsylvania Rogers, Ballington, Bugler, Sgt., Hq. Co., 716 29th Ave., Seattle, Washington . Rogers, John, Pvt., Co. M, 28 Tripoli St., Mola Ban, Province, Italy Rohr, Otto J., Cpl., M. G. Co., 1728 K St., Sacramento, California Rosier, Jess N., Pvt., Co. L, 303 Wynooche St., Montesano, Washington Rome, Mathew P., Pvt., Co. E, San Jacinto, Calnornia Romee, Guiseppi L., Pvt., Co. E, 504 2nd St., S., Seattle, Washington Romhild, Carl W., Pvt., Co. L, Hennessy, Oklanoma Rominski, Frank F., Pvt., Co. M, 1143 Blum St., Toledo, Ohio . ,. ,, Roney, Fred, Pvt., Co. H, 623 N. 32nd St., Billings, Mon- tana , . Roos, Richard, Pvt., M. G. Co., Cheney, Washington Roose, Edwin C, Pvt., Med. Det., 108 W. 75th St., Seattle, Washington Roozen, William H., Pvt., Co. A, Mott, North Dakota Rosasco, Bartholomew, Pvt., Co. C, P. O. Box 2, St. Helens, Oregon Rose, Alexander, Cook, Co. B, 2506^ Grand Ave., Everett, Washington Rose, Fred C, Sgt., M. G. Co., Glenn's Ferry, Idaho Rose, Hubert B., Pvt., Hq. Co., Box 655, Tenino, Wash- ington Rose, Lester, Pvt., Co. L, Box 881, Bandon, Oregon Rose, Linne W., Sgt., Hq. Co., 6316 40th Ave., S. W., Seattle, Washington Rose, Ray J., Pvt., M. G. Co., St. Edwards, Nebraska Rose, Terrance V., Bugler, Co. F, Pe Ell, Washington Rosenblad, Henry S., Pvt., Co. I, 1275 Rhode Island St., San Francisco, California _ Ross, Charles T., Pvt., Co. E, 7420 Roseberry St., Los Angeles, California Ross, Frank M., Cpl., M. G. Co., Bieber, California Ross, John A. H., Cook, Co. L, 207 Main St., Centraha, Washington Ross, Lester A., Pvt., Med. Det., Garner, Iowa Ros, Raymond R., Pvt., Co. C, Perma, Montana Rosser, Jay A., Pvt., Co. E, Bellingham, Washington Rota, Inigi, Pvt., Co. D, 1311 S. K St., Tacoma, Wash- RoteI, °Charles E., Cpl., Co. E, 2103 High St., Selma, California _ ., Rowden, Morris A., Pvt., Co. G, 2225 H St., Bakersfield, California . n ... Rowe, Charles W., Pvt., Hq. Co., 153 Harrison St., Seattle, Washington Rowe, Jesse L., Pvt., M. G. Co., Priceville, Kentucky Rowland, Keith W., Pvt., Co. E, Benewah Route, Tekoa, Washington 269 Rjzek, Roman S., Pvt., Co. M, 382 Sobiski St., Milwaukee, Wisconsin Rozzano, Charles, Musician, Hq. Co., Roslyn, Washington Ruble, Walton L., Cpl., Co. B, 825 F St., Centralia, Wash- ington Ruder, Arthur J., Pvt., Co. F, 1203 Brendo St., Los An- geles, California Ruggerio, Iqnazio, Pvt., Co. B, 1756 W. North Ave., Chicago, Illinois Ruggles, Miles W., Pvt., Co. M, 312 Market St., Ports- mouth, Ohio Rumsey, Morris J., Pvt., Co. D, 90 Board of Trade, Chicago, Illinois Runte, Frederick, Pvt., Co. I, Bassette, Montana Rushmer, Earl M., Cpl., Co. M, 2410 S. 12th St., Tacoma, Washington Rusieka, Joseph E., Pvt., Hq. Co., New Prague, Minnesota Russell, Bert L., Pvt., Co. B, 1411 G St., Sacramento, California Russell, Bert M., Pvt., Co. C, 7510 17th St., N. W., Seattle, Washington Russell, Earn, Pvt., Co. A, Welleston, Ohio Russell, Harry W., Sgt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 3, Parma, Idaho Rust, George T., Pvt., Co. H, 538 Scott St., Springfield, Ohio Ruth, Carlos E., Pvt., Co. K, 102 S. Garfield St., Dayton, Ohio Ruud, Lorenzo, Cpl., Co. I, 31 E. 3rd, N., Logan, Utah Ryen, Arthur, Sgt., Co. B, Rockdale, Texas Saarels, Otto, Cpl., Co. L, Box 53, Ilwaco, Washington Sadler, Clyde J., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 37 N. I. St., Top- penish, Washington Sagar, Rudolph C, Pvt., Co. B, 244 E. Park St., Butte, Montana Sagen, Edward E., Pvt., Co. G, 613 Commercial St., As- toria, Oregon Saine, Fred, Pvt., Co. A, Humbolt, Tennessee Salcido, Edward, Cpl., Co. K, care of Oriental Cafe, Bakersfield, California Salmonson, Clarence W., Band Cpl., Hq. Co., 8317 15th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Salyer, Thomas E., Pvt., Co. F, Masonic Home, Louisville, Kentucky Sambrakos, Alexander J., Pvt., Co. E, Carlisle, Washing- ton Sammon, Thomas L., Pvt., Co. H, 415 Pacher St., West Avoca, Pennsylvania Samson, John H. C, Pvt., Co. K, care of R. B. Donnell, Reedley, California Samuelson, Adolf F., Pvt., Ord. Co., 323 W. San Sal- vador St., San Jose, California Sandefur, Fred M., Pvt., Med. Det., 1103 W. 4th St., Spokane, Washington Sanders, Charles R, Pvt., Co. L, Cassandra, Tennessee Sanders, Herman, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 4, Grant Park, Matoon, Illinois Sanders, Thomas, Pvt., Co. M, 4255 Cedar St., New Boston, Ohio Sanders, William T., Pvt., Co. D, Pittsburgh, Kansas Sanderson, Jimmie, Cpl., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 3, Athens, Alabama Sanderson, Lewis, Pvt., Co. M, Orleans Bar, California Sandgren, Arthur E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 6010 Detroit f-'M Ave., Seattle, Washington Sandquist, Mitchell, Cpl., Co. E, Box 444, South Bend, Washington Savage, Leon E., Capt., Sup. Co., Fort Wright, Spokane, *3 Washington Sawyer, Maurice V., Cpl., Co. E, Burlington, Washington Sayer, Edward D., Pvt., Co. L, Morrill, Nebraska Scalf, James H., Pvt., Co. C, Julian, Montana Scalf, Joseph K., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Randle, Washington Scalzo, Antonio, Pvt., Co. K, 2004 Day St., Seattle, Wash- ington Scarborough, Lloyd T., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 30, Shiocton, Wisconsin Schable, Louis O., Cpl., Co. I, 4005 Rooker Ave., Everett, Washington Schaefer, Edward, Pvt., Co. H, 620 Illinois Ave., Butte, Montana Schaeffer, Alfred C, Pvt., Co. M, 1508 3rd St., Ports- mouth, Ohio Schanbeck, Johan, Cpl., Co. E, Kimama, Idaho Schar, Homer E., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Sardis, Ohio Scheid, Joseph Jr., Cpl., M. G. Co., 6410 Mission St., San Francisco, California Schenk, Frank. Pvt., Co. A, Pittsburg, Kansas Scherini, Achile, Pvt., Co. H, Tulaur, California Schiedeler, Anthony, Pvt., Co. A, 126 Sagamore St., San Francisco, California Schlegel, Arthur W., Cpl., Co. L, 813 S. 14th St., Tacoma, Washington Schmidt, Andrew, Pvt., Co. F, 771 S. Merengo Ave., Pasa- dena, California Schmidt, Kasper, Pvt., Co. A, Angela, Montana Schmitt, Alfred E., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1616 Market St., Oak- land, California Schnarr, August, Pvt., Co. B, Raymond, Washington Schoeberl, William, Pvt., Co. E, Salem, South Dakota Schoewe, Claire R., Pvt., Co. K, 901 Warren St., San- dusky, Ohio Schofield, Vao, Cpl., Co. K, Spring City, Utah Schroeder, Carl H., Pvt., Co. E, Yelm, Washington Schroeder, Edgar A., Pvt., M. G. Co., 2711 Jackson St., Seattle, Washington Schroeder, William H., Pvt., M. G. Co., 616 N. 49th St., Seattle, Washington Schroder, William R., Pvt., Co. D, 1010 Maryland Ave., Butte, Montana Schultz, Harry C, Pvt., Co. B, Rosalia, Washington Schulz, Louis, Cpl., Co. A, Lakefield, Minnesota Schultz, Theodore H., Pvt., Co. A, 388 N. Exchange St., St. Paul, Minnesota Schultz, William E., Sgt., Co. M, 12606 Cornado Ave., Cleveland, Ohio Schumacher, Carl, Pvt., Co. L, 424 E. Jackson St., Colum- bus, Ohio Schumacher, George W., Pvt., Co. B, 437 Waller St., San Francisco, California Schumacker, John S., Pvt., Co. C, 428 Redding St., Red- ding, Ohio Schuster, Henry P., Pvt., Co. E, 2755 McAllister St., San Francisco, California Schwandt, Edward, Pvt., Co. I, 4417 Barring Ave., East Chicago, Illinois Schwankhaus, Edward H., Pvt., Co. M, 619 Steel Ave., Dayton, Ohio Schwartz, John, Sgt., Co. L, Logan, Utah Schwarzrock, Otto L., Pvt., Co. A, 615 W. Main St., Lewistown, Montana Schweers, George A., Sgt., Co. A, Forest Grove, Oregon Schweikert, Joseph L., Pvt., Co. G, LaManda Park, California Schweitzer, Harry N., Mechanic, Co. M, Box No. 2, care of Charles Youtz, Alto Lona, California Schwenck, Charles L., Pvt., Co. D, 1327 S. Catelina St., Los Angeles, California Schwender, Fred A., Pvt., Hq. Co., 755 25th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Scogsburg, Edward, Pvt., Co. M, Arnot, Tioga County, Pennsylvania Scollon, Bartholom F., Pvt., Co. G, Easterville, Iowa Scott, Harold E., Cpl., Co. H, QWA W. 6th St., Los An- geles, California Scott. Josephus, Pvt., Co. A, Marlow, Oklahoma Scott, Lonie, Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 3, Sebree, Kentucky Scott, Shell, Pvt., Co. G, Lakeview, Iowa Scott, Warren, Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 3, Butler, Ohio Scouten, George, Pvt., Hq. Co., Waitsburg, Washington Scramlin, Edwin M., Sgt., Hq. Co., 7048 Jones Ave., Seattle, Washington Scuttich, Frank, Pvt., Co. A, 1222 6th St., Oak Grove, Monterey, California Seablom, Agur G., Pvt., Co. E, Knappton, Washington Seaboldt, Vernon, Sgt., M. G. Co., 52 Nelson St., New Brunswick, New Jersey Seaman, Edward F., Band Sgt. Mgr., Hq. Co., 2114 Wood- ford St., Toledo, Ohio Seay, Milo B., 2nd Lt., 1410 Senate St., Columbia, South Carolina Sedergren, Emil C, Bugler, Co. L, R. F. D. No. 2, Puy- allup, Washington See, Vernon A., Pvt., Co. K, Boville, Idaho Seelye, Albert, Musician, Hq. Co., Barber, Idaho Seide, Harry A., Pvt., Co. G, 1028 E. 22nd St., Los Angeles, California Seidlitz, Richard J., Pvt., Hq. Co., Chester, Montana Selig, Moses, Pvt., Co. E, 506 17th Ave., San Francisco, California Selstad, Henry A., Pvt., Co. A, 2401 3rd Ave., Seattle, Washington Sembach, Charles J., Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Osgood, Indiana Semones, George D., Pvt., Co. L, Sciotiville, Ohio Sendy, Edward A., Pvt., Co. H, 293 E. 49th St., Los An- geles, California 270 Sents, Henry E., Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 1, State College, Pennsylvania Sepulveda, Lee, Sgt., M. G. Co., P. O. Box 5, Deeth, Ne- vada Serpa, Peter R., Pvt., Co. K, Half Moon Bay, California Settles, Robert B., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 2, Omaha, Texas Sevres, Phineas, Pvt., Co. C, McLeansboro, Illinois Severson, Ole A., Pvt., Co. A, care of Al. G. Severson, Hampden, North Dakota Seymore, Charles W., Cpl., Co. K, 174 Riverside Drive, Seattle, Washington Shaeffer, John T., Cpl., Co. H, Ohino, California Shafer, Earl A., Pvt., Co. C, Bantry, North Dakota Shakeley, Thomas F., Pvt., Co. H, Petrolia, Pennsylvania Shaner, Harry, Cpl., Co. H, Webster Apts., Tacoma, Washington Shanklin, Roy E., Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 4, Crawfords- ville, Indiana Sharabjoan, John, Pvt., Sup. Co., 501 S. Gloss St., Los Angeles, California Sharkey, George E., Pvt., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 2, Kent, Washington Sharp, Charles, Pvt., Co. I, 3723 S. M. St., Taooma, Washington Sharp, Elmer E., Pvt., M. G. Co., 3514 E. 39th St., Spokane, Washington Sharrard, Martin J., Sgt., Co. H, 6279 Ellis St., Seattle, Washington Shaw, Harry, Cpl., Hq. Co., 4417 4th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Shaw, James A., Pvt., M. G. Co., 1121 E. 5th St., Olympia, Washington Shaw, William H., Pvt., Co. E, cor. Central and Union Sts., Olympia, Washington Shea, Frank T., Pvt., Co. L, 402 Broadway, San Francisco, California Shearer, Franklin L., Pvt., Co. H, 209 Commonwealth Ave., Detroit, Michigan Sheffer, Lester S., Pvt., Co. L, 1221 Clay St., Henderson, Kentucky Sheline, Pearl, Pvt., Co. K, 1306 New Jersey Ave., Wells- ton, Ohio Shelley, Albert L., Cpl., Co. G, Tidewater, Oregon Shelton, Benjamin, Pvt., Co. C, Medora, Indiana Shelton, Everett R., Sgt., Hq. Co., 5642 44th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Shepard, Paul F., Pvt., Co. F, 812 N. 8th St., Grants Pass, Oregon Sheridan, Harry L., Pvt., Co. H, 318 Butler St., Etna, Pennsylvania Sherman, George R., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 87, New Straitsville, Ohio Sherman, John, Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Ironton, Ohio Sherman, William S., Pvt., Co. M, 265 Siebert St., Colum- bus, Ohio Sherry, George E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., 1402 N. 50th St., Seattle, Washington Shiave, Joseph D., Pvt., Co. G, 317 N. 3rd Ave., Pocatello, Idaho Shields, Edward, Cpl., Co. K, 246 W. Park Ave., Columbus, Ohio Shields, Robert, Pvt., Co. F, 627 Ottowa St., Leavenworth, Shigley, Calvin, Pvt., Co. B, 4200 9th St., S., Seattle, Washington Shirts, Ersell, Pvt., Co. B, Esclante, Utah Shoemaker, Fred E., Pvt., Co. A, Bainridge, Ohio Sholund, Michael, Pvt., Hq. Co., 511 Davis St., Olympia, Washington Shonk, John J., Pvt., Co. L, 421 Wheeling St., Lancaster, Ohio Shore, Harry A., Musician, Hq. Co., 667 10th St., Oak- land, California Shott, Carl A., Pvt., Co. D, 430 Moler St., Columbus, Ohio Shott, William A., Pvt., Co. B, Boyes Springs, California Shroyer, Jacob D., Pvt., Co. L, Caldwell, Ohio Shults, Isaac N., Pvt., Co. K, Ashton, Idaho Siebert, John W., Pvt., Co. F, Poison, Montana Sievbrkropp, Herman, Pvt., M. G. Co., Odessa, Washing- ton Silacci, Louis P., Pvt., Co. K, Cayucos, California Siler, Ray, Pvt., Co. I, 391 Sandusky St., Columbus, Ohio Siljan, Ingar, Pvt., Co. A, Arcada, California Silver, Abraham, Pvt., Co. L, 475 W. Broadway, Portland, Oregon Simensen, Andres, Mechanic, Co. L, 2418 Harvey Ave., Fresno, California Simmons, Claude, Pvt., Hq. Co., 452 Alameda Ave., Reno, Nevada Simmons, Henry H., Pvt., M. G. Co., Fillmore, Missouri Simmons, James E., Pvt., Co. G, 1563 E. 33rd St., Los An- geles, California Simon, Harry, Pvt., Co. B, 273 San Carlos St., San Fran- cisco, California Simonich, Joseph A., Sgt., Co. A, Timber Butte, Montana Simons, Thomas L., Pvt., Co. A, Sedro Woolley, Washington Simonson, Charles L., Sgt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Belling- ham, Washington Simonson, James M., Pvt., Co. A, 6725 18th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Simpson, Charles E., Sgt., Co. L, 713 22nd Ave., Seattle, Washington Simpson, James W., Pvt., Co. L, 635 E. Pearl St., Cincin- nati, Ohio Simpson, John M., Musician, Hq. Co., Kirkland, Wash- ington Singer, Abraham, Pvt., Co. G, 207 Hooker St., Portland, Oregon Singleton, John, Cpl., Co. K, Lakeview, Oregon Sisto, Angel J., Sgt., Co. G, 3817 Grand South Ave., Los Angeles, California Six, William, Pvt., Co. F, 3414 Michigan Ave., St. Louis, Missouri Skaggs, Marcus D., Pvt., Co. H, 447 61st St., Oakland, California Skidmore, Sylvester, Cook, Co. I, Port Royal, Kentucky Sly, Ernest M., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1010 Gallia St., Portsmouth, Ohio Smethurst, Walter, Mechanic, Co. I, Klein, Montana Smith, Albert L., Cpl., Hq. Co., 437 W. Page St., Dallas, Texas Smith, Alvin R., Mechanic, Co. L, 745 S. 5th St., Columbus, Ohio Smith, Bonar O., Cpl., Co. E, Ureka, California Smith, Charlie, 1st Sgt., Co. A, 767 32nd Ave., Seattle, Washington Smith, Clarence L., Pvt., Co. I, Lincolnton, Georgia Smith, Clarence V., Sgt., Hq. Co., 7006 8th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Smith, Clifford D., Pvt., Co. G, Route No. 6, Rockdale, Texas Smith, Durward A., Pvt., Co. E, Cor. Green and Walnut Sts., Nanticoke, Pennsylvania Smith, Everett L., Pvt., Co. G, 35 N. Chester Ave., Pasa- dena, California Smith, Frank, Pvt., Co. K, 109 Leibrandt Ave., Santa Cruz, California Smith, Frank L., Pvt., Co. L, Utica, Kentucky Smith, Fred J., Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 6, Bellevue, Ohio Smith, George E., Pvt., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 2, Stickney, Pennsylvania Smith, George S., Pvt., Co. M, 708 S. Alabama St., Butte, Montana Smith, Guy R., Sgt., Co. F, Clinton, Washington Smith, Ikel, Pvt., Co. E, Withrow, Washington Smith, John, Pvt., Co. L, Dublin, Indiana Smith, Joseph E., Cpl., Co. G, Brawley, California Smith, Harrison M., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 6, Mt. Vernon, Ohio Smith, Kenneth L., Sgt., Sup. Co., Bellevue, Washington Smith, Lavern R., Pvt., Co. H, Springfield, Oregon Smith, Percy L., Sgt., Co. H, Redmond, Washington Smith, Ralph E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Davenport, Wash- ington Smith, Richard L., Cpl., Hq. Co., 1340 Cascade Ave., Chehalis, Washington Smith, Richard L., 1st Sgt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 2, James- town, Missouri Smith, Starling C, Pvt., Co. M, 430 Jefferson Ave., Colum- bus, Ohio Smith, Stephen E., Pvt., Hq. Co., Orway, Ohio Smith, Thomas L., Cpl., Co. D, 764 S. 1st West St., Salt Lake City, Utah Smittle, Clifford, Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 1, Nelson- ville, Ohio Snodgrass, Harry H., Cpl., Co. D, 316 San Bernardino, Covina, California Snow, Coleman, Pvt., Co. F, Teasdale, Utah Snowdon, Albert, Pvt., Hq. Co., 8317 15th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Snowden, Edwin F., Pvt., Co. G, 1017 W. 37th PL, Los Angeles, California Snyder, Harry, Pvt., Co. G, Collbram, Colorado Snyder, Karl, Pvt., Co. H, 2006 Magnolia Ave., Los An- geles, California 271 Snyder, Thomas J., Pvt., Co. K, 427 S. Perry, Montgomery, Alabama Snyder, Walter R., Pvt., Co. L, Yoe, Pennsylvania Solano, Alonzo L., Cpl., Co. L, 1415 Bates Ave., Los Angeles, California Solie, Daniel, Pvt., Co. A, Stanley, Wisconsin Solomon, Henry, Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 2, Burbank, South Dakota Solomon, Jesse J., Pvt., Co. B, Harper, Texas Solve, Melvin, Pvt., Co. H, 66 11th St., Oakland, California Somes, Walter E., Cpl., Co. A, Waterville, Washington Sommers, Rudolph, Cpl., Co. M, Montpelier, Idaho Sones, Harry R., Pvt., M. G. Co., Muncey Valley, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania Sonnenbero, Louis E., Pvt., Co. A, Industry, Texas Sonnichsen, Hans D., Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 3, Bridge- water, South Dakota Sonnenberg, Raymond H., Pvt., Co. K, Melrose, Wisconsin Soper, Edward W., Pvt., Co. K, Arlington, Washington Sorenson, Marvin L., Cpl., Co. L, Driggs, Idaho Soteros, Thomas, Pvt., Co. H, 1029 L St., Sacramento, California Soule, Rudolph W., Pvt., Co. G, De Soto, Kansas Souza, Joe R., Pvt., Co. G, Box 165, Wayne Ave., San Jose, California Space, Rosco L., Pvt., M. G. Co., Weippe, Idaho Spangler, George L., Cpl., Co. B, Sispuoc, California Spangler, Ralph, Pvt., Co. M, 1714 Fairfield Ave., St. Wayne, Indiana Sparks, Ralph W., Pvt., Co. H, R. F. D. No. 6, Columbus, Indiana Sparrow, Patrick J., Sgt., Co. H, 702y 2 Pine St., Seattle, Washington Spatig, Ernest A., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Breston, Idaho Spatz, Herman, Cpl., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 2, Box 55, Oregon City, Oregon Speck, Theodore A., Pvt., Co. B, 840 Nebraska St., Toledo, Ohio Speechly, Edward R., Pvt., Co. B, 264 Clinton Park, San Francisco, California Spiegelberg, Edward, Sgt., Co. M, 5233 S. 1st St., Tacoma, Washington Spindler, Joseph A., Pvt., Co. I, Box 28, Station K, College Hill, Cincinnati, Ohio Splane, Millard A., Mechanic, Co. A, Sedro Woolley, Wash- ington Sprague, Mack I., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Wenas, Washington Springer, Charles W., Pvt., Co. B, 429 Evans Ave., Reno, Nevada Springer, Robert C, Wagoner, Sup. Co., 812 S. 86th St., Fernhill, Washington Springmier, Edmund J., Pvt., Co. C, 1337 Locust St., Cincinnati, Ohio Sprowell, Earl H., Pvt., Co. F, 225 Euclid Ave., Rock Springs, Wyoming Spruzzola, Henry R, Pvt., Co. H, 3532 Telegraph Ave., Oakland, California Squires, William, Pvt., Co. D, Burnett, Los Angeles Co., California Staff, Oscar B., Pvt., Hq. Co., Box 76, Uson, Idaho Stafford, Alex, Cpl., Co. F, 519 C. St., Rock Springs, Wyoming Stanhope, Tiefin, Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 6, Chilli- cothe, Ohio Stanley, Arthur, Pvt., Co. C, 7151 W. Cattett St., Heck- man, Kentucky Stanley, Wayne B., Sgt., Co. F, Rochester, Washington Starke, Frank W., Sgt., Co. G, 135 Clinton Ave., West Hoboken, New Jersey Starks, William K, Pvt., Co. L, St. Lawrence, South Dakota Starr, Delano T., Mechanic, Co. E, Lake Preston, South Dakota Startzell, Kenneth R., Pvt., Co. I, 60 Richards St., Brookville, Pennsylvania Statler, Martin R., Pvt., Co. A, 619 N. 1st St., Iola, Kansas Stave, Thomas, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 3, North Yakima, Washington St. Denis, Paul V., Cpl., Co. L, 921 S. Lawrence St., Wi- Stecher,' Otto, Cpl., Co. D, 3016 19th St., Everett, Wash- ington Stedham, John I., Sgt., Co. G, 1681 Williams Ave., Che- halis, Washington Steelsmith, Samuel R., Cpl., Co. G, South Prairie, Wash- ington Steinback, Joseph W., Pvt., Co. G, Sprinbrook, Wisconsin Steinbicker, Julius T., Cpl., Co. M, 1811 Fairfax Ave., E. Walnut, Hill, Cincinnati, Ohio Stellmach, Louis, Pvt., Co. E, Rice, Minnesota Stender Hugo J., Pvt., Co. L, St. Lawrence, South Da- kota Stenmoe, Seymore W., Pvt., Co. G, 127 N. 84th St., Seattle, Washington Stephen, Henry P., Pvt., Co. G, 3432 A Sabina St., Los Angeles, California Stephen, Jodie C, Cpl., Co. L, Red Rock, Texas Stephens, John W., Pvt., Hq. Co., Hillsboro, Oregon Stevens, Earl F., Pvt., Co. F, Pomona, California Stevens, James F., Pvt., Hq. Co., 693 Everett St., Port- land, Oregon Stevens, James R., Pvt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Freeport, Ohio Stevens, Oscar P., Pvt., Co. H, 4905 Wilton Place, Los Angeles, California Stevens, William E., Pvt., Co. F, 4357 Lockwood St., Los Angeles, California Stevenson, Jesse, Pvt., Hq. Co., 1024 Front St., Ports- mouth, Ohio Stevenson, William C, Pvt., Co. K, Ontario, Oregon Stevenson, Stephen J., Pvt., Co. H, 437 Newbrunswick Ave., Perth Amboy, New Jersey Stewart, Bert H., Pvt., Hq. Co., Freeport, Ohio Stewart, Legrande S., Sgt., Co. C, Blackfoot, Idaho Still, Harry E., Wagoner, Sup. Co., Glenn's Ferry, Idaho Stiner, John O., Pvt., Hq. Co., 507 Pioneer Bldg., Seattle, Washington Stitt, Samuel C, Sgt., Co. A, American Falls, Idaho Stockman, Edward, Pvt., Hq. Co., 1320 4th St., Chehalis, Washington Stockstill, Harry, Pvt., Co. C, 4411 E. First St., Los Angeles, California Stoekos, Nick, Pvt., Co. H, 2440 Folsom St., San Francisco, California Stoffel, Paul J., Pvt., Co. A, Mascoucah, Illinois Stokke, Alfred, Cpl., Hq. Co., 3004 10th Ave., S., Seattle, Washington Stolting, Ralph H., Sgt., Hq. Co., 412 23rd Ave., Seattle, Washington Stone, Ernest H., Pvt., Hq. Co., Almo, Idaho Stone, Vern F., Pvt., Hq. Co., 3801 Telegraph Ave., Oak- land, California Stotz, John, Pvt., Co. A, Box 25, Armour, South Dakota Souder, Calvin F., Sgt., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 98, Sabastapol, California Stover, Luther S., Pvt., Co. H, Bishop St., Bellefonte, Pennsylvania Straabe, Gilbert, Pvt., Co. D, Devon, Montana Strachan, Thomas M., Pvt., Co. K, 518 Clinton Ave., Detroit, Michigan Stracner, Elbert, Pvt., Co. K, Cleveland, Arkansas Strand, Reuben L., Cpl., Co. C, Clipper, Washington Stransberg, Gustav E., Pvt., Co. B, 413 Birch St., Ana- conda, Montana Strandrud, Halvor, Cpl., Co. A, 1515 W. 51st St., Seattle, Washington Streeter, Charles H., Cook, Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Bow, Washington Streitwieser, Louie, Cpl., Co. B, 4230 20th Ave., S., Minneapolis, Minnesota Strickler, Ernest W., Pvt., Co. A, 399 Keyes St., San Jose, California Strole, Ray D., Pvt., Co. G, 1492 W. 26th St., Los Angeles, California Strong, Leo S., Pvt., Co. C, Garden Grove, California Stroup, Roderic V., Pvt., M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 3, Cheney, Washington Struck, Arthur L., Pvt., Co. C, 1020 Warren St., Daven- port, Iowa Stuckey, Albert D., Pvt., Co. G, 106 Paul St., Coffeyville, Kansas Stufflebeam, Edward, Pvt., Co. M, R. R. No. 2, Nelson- ville, Ohio Subia, Enos, Sgt., Co. G, Hollister, California Sudhoff, Henry A., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 1, Elk, Washington Succa, Mike, Pvt., Co. A, 6th & Madison St., Seattle, Washington Sullenger, Edmond R., Cpl., Co. L, 509 Bank of Italy, Fresno, California Sullivan, William H., Pvt., Co. E, Vancouver, Washington Sund, Leonard E„ Wagoner, Sup. Co., 313 Fairview Ave., Seattle, Washington Sunt, Axel, Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 78, Kent, Washington 272 Sunzeri, Toney, Pvt., Co. B, 1018 Lucas St., San Jose, California Sutherland, Cecil W., Pvt., Co. K, Edson, Canada Sutton, George F., Pvt., Co. A, Austin, Minnesota Sutton, James C, Pvt., Co. M, Arco, Idaho Swafford, Henry K., Pvt., Hq. Co., 1210^ 2nd Ave., Seattle, Washington Swanberg, Enoch E., Cpl., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 3, Mt. Vernon, Washington Swanson, Albert, Pvt., Med. Det., Staplehurst, Nebraska Swanson, Albert J., Pvt., Co. G, Rib Lake, Wisconsin Swanson, Arthur N., Sup. Sgt., Sup. Co., Castle Rock, Washington Swanson, Carl A., Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 316, Turlock, California Swanson, Carl M., Pvt., Co. B, 1712 N. Albany Ave., Chicago, Illinois Swanson, Charles G., Pvt., Co. D, Monroe, Washington Swanson, Herbert B., Pvt., Med. Det., R. F. D. No. 5, Box 56, Morrison, Illinois Swanson, Herbert G., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D., Box 34, Parlier, California Swarts, Thadeus A., Sgt., Co. F, Wichita Falls, Texas Sweat, Jack, 2nd Lt., Co. F, Dutton, Montana Sweeney, Mike C, Pvt., Co. K, 318 Grand Ave., Tumway, Iowa Sweet, Andrew, Pvt., Co. K, Aptos, California Swift, Floyd, Pvt., M. G. Co., Eddinburg, Illinois Swinger, Oscar L., Pvt., Co. L, Morrisonville, Illinois Sydenstricker, Lonnie, Pvt., Co. A, 1117 Clark St., Le Mars, Iowa Sykes, Frank D., Pvt., Co. B, La Belle, Missouri Tabert, Otto, Pvt., Co. K, Munich, North Dakota Tfil, Paul, Pvt., Co. G, 600 Courtlandt St., Perth Amboy, New Jersey Tait, Lawrence O., Pvt., Co. B, R. F. D. No. 5, Peru, In- diana Talbot, Henry- L., Pvt., Co. K, Preston, Idaho Tampanes, Panagiotis A., Pvt., Co. H, San Francisco, California Tank, Arthur E., Cpl., Co. A, 1056 11th St., Milwaukee, Wisconsin Tanner, Maynard C, Pvt., Co. A, Brookland, Penn- sylvania Tannler, John, Pvt., Co. L, Hillsdale, Oregon Tapia, Enrique, Sgt., Co. D, Box 114, R. F. D., San Fer- nando, California Taralla, John, Pvt., Co. I, Aglie, Terino, Italy Tarlson, George, Cpl., Co. B, Box 1035, Paulsbo, Wash- ington Tarpley, Boston, Pvt., Co. H, 5916 Woodlawn Ave., Los Angeles, California Tasoni, Ernest J., Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 2, Box 6, Kent, Washington Tate, Robert R., Pvt., Co. H, 2908 Western Ave., Seattle, Washington Tatum, Roscoe I., Pvt., Co. H, 705 Bacon Road, Richmond, Virginia Tavelli, Augustine J., Pvt., Co. E, Cape Horn, Washington Taylor, Elbert M., Pvt., Co. M, Blythville, Arkansas Taylor, Ernest, Pvt., Co. K, Jacksonville, Ohio Taylor, Herman, Pvt., Co. K, Jacksonville, Ohio Taylor, Herman M., Pvt., Co. F, Centerville, Mississipp Taylor, Jud B., Sgt., Co. E, Morgantown, North Carolina Taylor, Samuel L., Cpl., Co. H, 7014 25th Ave., N. W., Seattle, Washington Taylor, Stuart, Cook, Co. F, Ocean Park, Washington Taylor, Wilbur L., Jr., Pvt., Co. G, 316 Andover St., Lawrence, Massachusetts Teats, Foster L., Pvt., Hq. Co., 910 Leekbourne Ave., Columbus, Ohio Tedwell, Oscar, Pvt., Hq. Co., 947 Francisco St., Los Angeles, California Templeton, Leroy E., Pvt., Hq. Co., 2514 E. Union, Seattle, Washington Tentes, Peter, Pvt., Co. H, Clifton, Oregon Terranello, Angelo, Pvt., Co. M, 413 Cherry St., Kansas City, Missouri Terrazone, Tony J., Pvt., Co. H, 1672 Glen Ave., Pasa- dena, California Thanos, John E., Pvt., Co. D, Long Beach, Washington Tharp, Howard, Pvt., Co. A, Senora, Kentucky Thaut, Heinrich, Pvt., Sup. Co., Ritzville, Washington Theobald, Carl G., Cpl., Co. D, Desert, Utah Therlwell, Walter, Pvt., Co. B, 2828 24th St., San Fran- cisco, California Theubet, Frederick P., Cook, Co. K, 1906 James St., » Bellingham, Washington Thiemens, Herman C, Pvt., M. G. Co., Espanola, Wash- ington Thomas, Althe, Cpl., Hq. Co., Davenport, Washington Thomas, Charles A., Sgt., Co. E, 837 5th Ave., E., Cedar Rapids, Iowa Thomas, David, Pvt., Co. F, Montrose, Colorado Thomas, George A., Pvt., Co. M, Thorp, Washington Thomas, George J., Pvt., Co. I, 834 Anthony St., Berkeley, California Thomas, Peter, Cook, Co. L, R. F. D. No. 1, Malad City, Idaho Thomas, Ray, Cpl., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 4, West, Mississippi Thomas, Rolla W., Pvt., Hq. Co., Urbana, Missouri Thomas, Rudolph G., Bugler, Co. D, 1042 Everett PI., Los Angeles, California Thomas, William A., Pvt., Hq. Co., Urbana, Missouri Thomason, Clifford E., Pvt., Hq. Co., 440 W. Washington St., Paris, Illinois Thome, Clarence C, Pvt., Co. L, Carey, Ohio Thompson, Archard J., Musician, Hq. Co., Montesano, Washington Thompson, Clarence, Pvt., M. G. Co., Cabin Creek Junction, West Virginia Thompson, Edgar W., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 1, Jackson- ville, Ohio Thompson, Frank S., Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 2, Spring- field, Kentucky Thompson, Roy A., Cpl., Co. G, New Rockford, North Dakota Thompson, Sven, Cpl., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 2, Nez Perce, Idaho Thompson, Taylor, Pvt., Co. F, 739 E. 4th St., Chillicothe, Ohio Thompson, Walter, Pvt., Co. B, 519 Kirkham St., San Francisco, California Thompson, Walter D., Pvt., Co. K, R. F. D. No. 3, Porters- ville, California Thomsen, Thomas K., Mechanic, Co. G, 613 45th St., W., Seattle, Washington Thorf, Abraham M., Sgt., Co. B, Rexburg, Idaho Thorkelson, Joseph T., Cpl., M. G. Co., 3208 N. 44th St., Seattle, Washington Thornton, George A., Pvt., Hq. Co., 673 E. 11th Ave., Columbus, Ohio Thornton, Nathan A., Pvt., Co. L, Burley, Idaho Thrasher, James G., Cpl., Co. L, Poyner, Texas Thurman, Elbert R., Sgt., Co. K, Hayward, California Thurow, Otto F., Cpl., Hq. Co., 2018 9th Ave., Seattle, Washington Tibbals, Mirton L., Cpl., Co. H, 333 Solo St., Santa Bar- bara, California Tilsinski, Alex, Pvt., Co. D, Ivanhoe, Minnesota Tillett, George W., Sgt., Co. C, 257 W. 21st St., Ogden, Utah Timm, John P., Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 1, Hartline, Wash- ington Tippie, Edward, Pvt., Co. L, Postine, Ohio Tjpps, William B., Pvt., Co. G, 429 Ruth St., Glendale, California Tipton, Clarence, Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 3, Nelsonville, Ohio Tipton, Joseph, Wagoner, Sup. Co., Crane, Oregon Titus, Ralph, Pvt., Co. G, 9047 4th Ave., S., Seattle, Wash- ington Toepel, Leo J., Pvt., Co. L, 508 W. 24th Ave., S. E., Spo- kane, Washington Tofton, Michel, Pvt., Co. M, Sweet Grass, Montana Tolleshaug, Michael K., Pvt., Co. C, Rainier, Orgegon Tolliver, Roy R., Pvt., Co. B, 101 S. 13th St., Terre Haute, Indiana Toland, Riley E., Pvt., Co. M, Crooksville, Ohio Tomany, Otto T., Sgt., Co. C, Morton, Washington Tomlinson, Denny C, Pvt., Co. C, Adelphi, Ohio Tomlin, Benjamin M., Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 1, Payette, Idaho Tomlin, James E., Pvt., Co. D, R. F. D. No. 1, Payette, Idaho Tonda, Henry, Horseshoer, Sup. Co., Box 412, Black Dia- mond, Washington Tone, Owen R., Cpl., Co. A, Spring Grove, Minnesota Toney, Charles O., Pvt., Co. C, Joseph, Oregon Toole, Joseph H., Pvt., Co. A, 940 Utah Ave., Butte, Montana Toomer, Clifford H., Mach., Co. D, Montpelier, Idaho Toops, Harry M., Pvt., Co. C, Denver, Colorado Torell, Albert E., Pvt., Co. A, 2426 Broadway, Everett, Washington Torres, Manuel P., Pvt., Co. D, Columbia Cafe, 22nd and 7th Ave., Ibor City, Tampa, Florida 273 Torrey, Carl E., Pvt., Co. L, R. F. D. No. 2, Ashley, Ohio Torstenson, Irving N., Sup. Sgt., Co. H, Sawyer, Wis- consin Toughill, Hugh, Pvt., Co. L, 73 William St., Newark, New Jersey Touvell, Edward J., Cpl., Co. C, 409 Silver Cliff, Cam- bridge, Ohio Towey, George S., Pvt., M. G. Co., 1009 Wall St., Hillyard, Washington Toy, Ah, Cook, Sup. Co., 1511J/6 4th Ave., Seattle, Wash- ington Trainer, Floyd, Pvt., Co. E, R. F. D. No. 1, Box 42, Zaleski, Ohio Trayssac, Emil A., Pvt., Co. G, Drawer 1000, Whittier, California Treibel, Albert H., Cook, Co. G, 2606 Rockefeller Ave., Everett, Washington Treide, William P., Cpl., Co. G, 1716 Electric Ave., S., Pasadena, California Tribbey, Maurice A., Pvt., Co. G, 255 Bay View Drive, Long Beach, California Triebwasser, Christ H., Mechanic, Co. K, R. F. D. No. 2, Odessa, Washington Triola, Frank, Mus., Hq. Co., 839 Gladys Ave., Los An- geles, California Francisco, Trouchet, Captain, Co. M, Hammond, Oregon Trout, John G., Pvt., Co. E, 1023 B St., San Bernardino, California Troxer, Shad, Pvt., Co. L, Maynardville, Tennessee Truax, Ira B., Pvt., Co. E, Farmer City, Illinois Truman, Ralph W., Pvt., Co. C, 1320 Maiden Lane, West Springfield, Ohio Trusty, Frank, Pvt., Co. F, Salyerville, Kentucky Tschirly, William C, Saddler, M. G. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Greenacres, Washington Tucker, Elmer, Sgt., Med. Det., Weston, Oregon Tucker, Elmer E., Pvt., Co. M, 2210 Salvador St., Cincin- nati, Ohio Tucker, Floyd C, Pvt., Co. I, Red House, West Virginia Tucker, William G., Pvt., Hq. Co., Roundup, Montana Tudor, Sollie, Pvt., Co. C, Nicholasville, Kentucky Tuma, John, Pvt., Co. A, Ledgerwood, North Dakota Turk, Frank T., Pvt., M. G. Co., 708 Hutton Bldg., Spo- Turnbull, Lester, Sgt., M. G. Co., 1766 Alki Ave., Seattle, Washington Turner, Clarence E., Pvt., Co. H, Alaho, Washington Turner, Frank, Pvt., Co. B, 132 Broadway, N., Seattle, Washington Turner, Hobart A., Pvt., Co. C, Munson Station, Penn- sylvania Turner, Leslie M., Pvt., Co. C, 824 Wells Ave., N. W., Canton, Ohio Turner, Nathaniel S., Pvt., Co. A, R. F. D. No. 9, Craw- fordsville, Indiana Turner, Reginald J., Pvt., Co. I, Gen. Del., Minneapolis, Minnesota Turner, Robert W., Pvt., Co. C, Riverton, Utah Turner, William E., Pvt., Co. K, Beach, Mississippi Truney, Raymond, Pvt., Co. C, Kittaning, Pennsylvania Turpie, Charles, Pvt., Co. D, Washougal, Washington Tuttle, Hiram, Mechanic, Co. K, Beach, Washington Tyan, Abe, Pvt., Co. D, 201 W. 56th St., Los Angeles, Cal- ifornia Tyson, Elmer E., Pvt., M. G. Co., E. 524 9th Ave., Spokane, Washington Ubaud, Adrien J., Pvt., 1 cl., Co. B, 813 Howard St., Los Angeles, California Umholtz, Elmer H., Pvt., Co. C, Hot Springs, Montana Ungerbuhler, Joseph A., Pvt., Co. A, 1616 Sycamore St., Cincinnati, Ohio Ungerecht, Roy E., Pvt., Co. C, Cannelton, Indiana Uren, George H., Pvt., Co. D, 422 Kate Hays St., Grass Valley, California Unzleman, Manton P., Pvt., Co. M, R. F. D. No. 3, Sno- homish, Washington Vaatenan, Herman, Pvt., Hq. Co., 302 S. Main St., Butte, Montana Vail, Walter E., Pvt., Co. B, Port Angeles, Washington Valencia, Frank C, Wagoner, Sup. Co., 314 Webster St., Monterey, California Valentine, Edward A., 1st Lt., Co. L, Board of Trade Bldg., Portland, Oregon Valerio, Vito, Pvt., Co. L, 919 Second St. Hoquiam, Washington Valpianni, Raffaele, Pvt., Co. G, Firwood, Oregon Van Borg, Louis F., Pvt., Co. D, 3552 S. Tyler St., Ta- coma, Washington Vandanski, Charles, Pvt., Co. E, Socman Ave., Scranton, Pennsylvania Van Denburg, Chester A., Pvt., Co. K, Cottage Grove, Oregon Van Horn, Clifford, Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 9, Green Bay, Wisconsin Van Houten, Lance F., Cook, Co. H, 434 E. 49th St., Los Angeles, California Vasko, John, Pvt., Co. L, Box 101, Gloucester, Ohio Vaughan, Elbert G., Pvt., Co. E, Eldon, Missouri Veinfurt, Edward J., Pvt., Co. L, 2852 Cherokee St., St. Louis, Missouri Velin, Arthur W., Pvt., Co. C, Boras, Sweden Venitz, Rudolph, Sgt., Co. B, 924 N. Hamilton Ave., Indianapolis, Indiana Vercota, Frank J., Pvt., Co. I, 1145 E. 147th St., Los An- geles, California Verduco, Michael, Pvt., Co. I, Los Angeles, California Verrue, Elmer R., Sgt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 1, Box 155, Pasadena, California Vest, John W., Pvt., Co. I, R. F. D. No. 10, Chillicothe, Ohio Vetter, Charles E., Musician, Hq. Co., Box 682, Sunny- side, Washington Via, Carlo, Pvt., Hq. Co., Harrington, Nevada Vigue, Frank, Pvt., Co. D, Westmond, Idaho Vincent, Ray R., 1st Lt., Co. C, 6th Ave. and Willow St., Yakima, Washington Vintin, Eugene, Sgt., Co. G, Grass Valley, Oregon Vittoni, Peter J., Cpl., Co. M, Gen. Del., Seattle, Wash- ington Vitullo, Joseph A., Pvt., Co. L, Commonwealth Bldg., Denver, Colorado Vivian, Gordon, Pvt., Co. H, 130 S. Flower St., Los An- geles, California Vogel, Raymond G., Sgt., Co. C, 4616 Sunset Bldg., Los Angeles, California _ Vogt, Martin O., Col. Sgt., Hq. Co., R. F. D. No. 2, Dun- das, Illinois Voisin, James E., Pvt., Co. E, Jewett, Texas Volz, Fred N., Pvt., Co. M, 958 Philadelphia St., Coving- ton, Kentucky Voorhees, William H., Pvt., Co. A, Merrill, Iowa Vopni, Egill, Pvt., Co. L, 2107 28th Ave., W., Seattle, Washington Voris, Ben H., Pvt., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 1, Buffalo, Mis- souri Wachsmuth, Albert L., Cpl., Co. K, Springfield, Oregon Waddell, Rolla S., Bugler, Co. F, Chesterfield, Idaho Wade, Edward De Vin, Pvt., Co. E, 2201 S. Clinton St., Morningside, Sioux City, Iowa Wade, James H., Pvt., M. G. Co., Price, Utah Wade, James M., Pvt., Co. B, 906 E. 5th St., Dayton, Ohio Wagner, Clarence, Pvt., Co. C, R. F. D. No. 5, Anaheim, California Wagner, George W., Wagoner, Sup. Co., New Oxford, Pennsylvania Wagner, Louis A., Pvt., Co. A, 1890 New St., Columbus, Ohio Wahsaquom, Alexander, Pvt., Co. H, North Port, Michi- gan Waite, Floyd, Pvt., Co. F, R. F. D. No. 1, Ora, Indiana Walden, Daniel R., Pvt., Co. L, 1800 D. St., Bellingham, Washington Waldvogel, Arthur J., Pvt., Co. F, 1037 Dorr St., Toledo, Ohio Walker, Archie, Pvt., Co. K, 1709 California St., Everett, Washington Walker, Elmer F., Pvt., Co. E, Tumwater, Washington Walker, Lawrence G., Pvt., Co. A, Grand Ledge, Michi- gan Walker, Loyd, Cpl., Co. F, Emmet, Idaho Walker, Sidney A., Pvt., Co. K, Gold Beach, Ore. Walker, William A., Pvt., Co. G, R. F. D. No. 4, Box 41, Loogootee, Indiana Walkup, William F., Cpl., Co. G, Burns, Harney Co., Oregon Wall, Warren C, Pvt., Co. H, 445 E. 28th St., Los Angeles, California Wallace, E V <^ o . t. * .\ ■ <£ * o v. C *** ~v ...V o v . t ' • „ -*b Deacidified using the Bookkeeper process. 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