Hollinger Corp. 
pH 8.5 



GV 1133 
.W87 
Copy 1 



HOW to BOX 

25 CENTS 



BOXING FOR SKILL 
AND HEALTH 



BY 

IRA L. WOOD, Jr. 



Copyright, 1901, by Bernarr Macfadden 



PUBLISHED BY 

PHYSICAL CULTURE PUBLISHING CO. 
Townsend Building, Broadway and 25th St 
New York City 



WTusraryof! 

congress, 

Two Copies Received 



NOV, 16 1901 




Copyright entry 



CLASS ou XXc No. 

copy a ^ 



EACH one of the blows illustrated 
must be diligently practised. 
Secure an opponent about your equal 
and take turns in giving and receiv- 
ing the blows. Practice each one 
from twenty-five to fifty times. 
Never start in by boxing roughly 
without science. Confine your prac- 
tice to the various blows until you 
can use them in regular sparring, 
and even then refrain from using 
blows you have not become proficient 
iv;<fctivfiring.;°: : : 



CONTENTS. 

PAGE 



Introduction . : = 5 

Don'ts 12 

Position 23 

Left lead blocked, with right landing straight left, 

to chin 27 

Straight left lead landing on side of head over right 

guard, blocking left with right 29 

Blocking lead for head with left hand open, right hand 

in position to land on body 31 

Short right hook to chin by side-step to left, inclining 

slightly forward, getting inside left guard, blocking 

right with left hand- 33 

Left upper-cut to chin, avoiding a right lead for the 

head, guarding the body with right 35 

Head and upper body inclined backward from straight 

left lead for the chin, keeping in position to land 

before opponent can recover 37 

Recovering after backward incline with quick left lead 

for head 39 

Right cross-counter to head, blocking right with left 

hand 41 

Right counter to body, slight duck from left lead for the 

head; left hand and arm passing between opponent's 

right arm and body. . 43 

Blocking left lead for the head with left glove open, 

leading right to body 45 

Blocking left lead to body with right, leading left for 

head being blocked with right 47 

Side-step to right, ducking left lead for the head, land- 
ing left swing to body ? 49 



iv CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

Blocking a rush 51 

Blocking left lead for head with right forearm, counter- 
ing on head with short left swing 53 

Missing left lead for the head, blocking right body 

blow with left, landing right upper-cut to chin. ... 55 

Landing short left swing to side of body before it can 
be blocked, right hand stopping a left lead for the 
body 57 

Ducking a left lead for the head, countering on the 

kidneys with right 59 

Feinting with left to draw right lead for body, allowing 
it to land or glance by, sending short swing to 
head with left 61 

Ducking right swing for the head, right hand being 

blocked with left 63 

Starting left swing for the head, guarding and ready to 

block with right 65 

Ducking left swing, landing right to body 67 

Blocking left lead to head with right, landing left 

swing to head. , 69 

Landing short right hook to chin, inside left lead to 
head, blocking right to body with left 71 

Feinting with left, side-stepping to left, landing left to 
side of head, right in position to land on body to 
stop rush or clinch 73 

Blocking left lead for body with right forearm, step- 
ping in and landing left hook to side of head 75 

A double rush, blocking with both arms yy 

Landing right to body with head in danger of a right 

upper-cut yg 

Some tricks in boxing , 



INTRODUCTION. 



Among the diversions, and sports of nations, 
boxing, in one form or another, plays an im- 
portant part. It dates back to ancient times, 
and had its admirers and votaries when wrest- 
ling, running, discus throwing, etc., were mak- 
ing of the Grecian people the strongest, most 
beautiful and brilliant people of all time. It has 
suffered many vicissitudes, falling into com- 
parative obscurity during the Middle Ages, with 
its cavaliers, swords and lances, and more dan- 
gerous physical contests than fisticuffs. 

The first stimulus it received in modern times 
was from the prize fighting gentry. These fel- 
lows were strong, but vulgar, and their fights 
had to be pulled off in secret ; until literary men 
got to writing about the manly art, and modern 
opinion modified the bare knuckles fight, with 



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BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



its bloody and bruised flesh, to the glove con- 
test with its display of skill and gentlemanly 
bearing. The race of fistic champions that has 
marched into public view in the last quarter of a 
century were probably not heroes worthy of 
worship, but their deeds awoke an interest in the 
art that brought forth thousands of amateur 
boxers all over the country, and stimulated the 
athletic craze which has been bearing such fine 
fruit in our colleges and gymnasiums. 

Along with the knowledge that exercise pro- 
motes health, strengthens the body, and makes 
life more enjoyable, came the demonstration that 
boxing — friendly boxing — was not only a great 
sport, but one of the most invigorating and valu- 
able exercises as well. It is a well established 
fact that it develops general muscular strength, 
agility, promotes circulation, aids digestion, 
trains the eye, quickens the brain, gives one self 
confidence, and demonstrates the value of self 
control. 

With all these things in its favor, boxing can 
no longer be looked upon as something not to 
be desired in a gentleman's training. Indeed, 
now it is a quite important item in it. You will 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



7 



find a boxing instructor in the gymnasium of 
every college and athletic club in the country, 
whose duties are solely to teach the art of hit- 
ting and defense. And learning this does not 
make a man coarse or brutal. On the other 
hand, it makes him more manly, more apt to 
avoid trouble. Observation will show you that 
men who are evenly developed, who know and 
control their powers, are inclined to be exceed- 
ingly good natured. Their development has 
made them companionable instead of increasing 
the brutal attributes of their nature. 

It is not my purpose to go into the history 
of boxing, or to write a long essay on the advan- 
tages of the exercise. I will leave that to speak 
for itself. 

You know that usually, in the hands of an in- 
structor, it requires a long course of lessons to 
become proficient in the art, and these are 
usually expensive. . The aim of this little volume 
is to supply clear directions, with ample illus- 
tration, of all the phases of the art, whereby any 
one may, with the aid of a little practise with a 
companion, become a proficient boxer. We rec- 
ommend the course for the diversion that will 



8 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



be obtained from it, for the benefit to your 
strength and health that will follow, and for the 
lessons in self control that it will inculcate. You 
may never desire, nor ever have the occasion, 
to put your hands up in a contest with your fel- 
low man, in which other than friendly rivalry 
plays a part ; but none the less you want to know 
how to apply this highly interesting physical art. 

Readers of history are familiar with the tragic 
scenes that were sometimes enacted in the Ro- 
man amphitheaters, when rival boxers came to- 
gether under the conditions that prevailed then, 
while the despots were seeking the thrill of ex- 
citement produced by the strenuous efforts, or 
sufferings of others. Many and many a time, 
with the hand strengthened by thick leather 
coverings, sometimes reinforced by iron bands, 
those old gladiatorial boxers furnished bloody 
spectacles that would have blanched the cheek 
of the most ardent follower of prize fighting as 
it is conducted to-day. 

It was not unusual then for one or both an- 
tagonists to receive fatal injuries. The gleaves 
were worn oftener than gloves, and with these a 
powerful man could easily kill an opponent at 3, 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



9 



blow. Under these circumstances it may be 
readily imagined that the art of "self-defense" 
was more elaborate than it is now, especially 
when we bear in mind that contests sometimes 
lasted for hours. One could not take chances of 
allowing a blow to land, when an opponent's 
hand was encased in an envelop of metal and 
leather that made it as formidable as a savage's 
war club. The rules of boxing as they maintain 
to-day would have been worth but little to one 
of those strenuous boxers. An opening then 
usually meant death, and boxing, naturally, was 
not so much of a give and take game as it is to- 
day ; it was more of a wary, waiting and watch- 
ing for an opportunity to inflict injury. When 
one calls to mind the brutal, bloody scenes which 
culminated the boxing contests of the gladia- 
torial period, he does not wonder that during 
the ages of clerical supremacy, and long after- 
ward that the sport was considered low and de- 
grading. The entire history of the art has to be 
remade ; a new system of boxing devised, a new 
science created to fit in with modern thought 
and conditions. 

This new history has been written, the new 



IO 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



science evolved and boxing occupies the place in 
physical culture to-day among the masses of 
America that wrestling did in the great days of 
Grecian history. It is the exercise most gen- 
erally taught in the athletic organizations, gym- 
nasiums, etc., and the one that the leading men 
who go in for any sort of athletic training gen- 
erally take most interest in, because of the 
spirit of gentle rivalry that it engenders, and the 
stimulating effects that are sure to attend any 
spirited contest with an opponent. Fighting cer- 
tainly belongs to the lower orders of society to- 
day as it always has done, but sparring is quite 
as much of a gentlemanly accomplishment as 
fencing, and one that is calculated to be more 
useful. Fencing is a relic of the days of the 
duello, which is popular now, simply because 
of the physical development it promotes, and 
the benefit to the health that follows its practise. 
Boxing requires a little more brawn, quite as 
quick mental work, and gives its votaries quite 
as much development. 

Savage nations have never been renowned as 
boxers. Perhaps this is due to the fact that they 
are not schooled to control their tempers as well 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



1 1 



as their civilized brethren, and any contest that 
brought two individuals into personal rivalry 
was apt to lead to serious results. Indians, 
South Sea Islanders, natives of Africa, and our 
own Indians, had their diversions and games. 
They ran races, threw javelins, jumped, swam, 
etc., etc. But they never boxed. This fact is 
significant. The very fact that boxing is to-day 
so popular, and that contests prevail wherever 
two or three lovers of physical development get 
together, either in colleges, gymnasiums, or ath- 
letic clubs, argues for the good effects of civiliza- 
tion combined with physical training, in pro- 
ducing self-control. 



DON'TS. 



There are several don'ts to be observed by 
the aspirant for proficiency in boxing, especially 
those of juvenile years. 

You must never forget that you are striving 
to benefit yourself by becoming proficient in this 
art, and you can obtain no benefits to boast of 
if you ever permit yourself to fight for the sake 
of demonstrating your prowess, nor to enforce 
your claims to bullydom. 

Don't take it up, if you are inspired with the 
idea that you will become a physical bully by 
means of it. No man with the bully instinct in 
him will ever become a good boxer. A slugger 
he may be, but the fine points of the art, the 
cool, nice head work will be entirely beyond him, 
and in any contests with an opponent anywhere 
near his physical equal he is sure to come off 
second best. 

Don't think that you will acquire proficiency 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 1 3 



in a few days. It requires the quickest dexterity 
not of a few muscles, but of all the muscles of 
the body, to be a first-class boxer, and this can 
only be obtained by long and careful training 
of your body. Learning to box will itself give 
you some training in this direction, but you will 
have to devote a little time daily to the building 
up of your physical powers for a long time if 
you are a novice before you can give and take 
the punishment of the padded gloves, easily and 
without distress. 

In the beginning the would-be boxer suffers 
more distress from deficient lung power than 
from any punishment his opponent inflicts. 
Very few men or boys who have not devoted 
time to systematic body building can spar three 
rounds of three minutes each, without being 
badly winded, and in a condition to offer very 
little or any defence against attack. 

A few minutes a day devoted to spirited bouts 
will quickly develop staying power, which in 
other words means simply increased lung power. 
It may be greatly strengthened by practising 
deep breathing, as advised on another page, and 
taking short daily runs in the open air. 



14 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



Don't tax your powers beyond a safe limit at 
the start. Never keep up the strenuous pose 
necessary in boxing, when your lung and ner- 
vous powers begin to signal exhaustion.. Stop 
when you begin to feel like giving out, and wait 
until thoroughly rested. Ability to keep it up 
for several rounds will come with a little per- 
sistent and regular practise. 

Don't get an idea in your head that you know 
all about it after a little practise, and when you 
have been able to best one opponent. Remem- 
ber that sparring is a head game as well as one 
of the muscles, and that if you are not always 
alert, and in a condition to exercise all your 
mental powers, some one will get the best of 
you, will outgeneral you in working for an open- 
ing. 

Good wind, good digestion, good eyesight and 
good temper are essentials in the make-up of a 
first-class amateur boxer. 

You will find it requires study and perse- 
verance to become proficient in any branch of 
business, a profession, or anything else in life; 
so apply the same rule to boxing. Study care- 
fully each movement of both your opponent and 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



self, and note the progress you are making. 
And each time you don the gloves you will have 
something in mind and know what to do. 

No one can learn to box by constantly boxing 
with the same person ; always be ready to put 
the gloves on with any one you may meet, but 
have it understood it is to be a friendly bout for 
points and exercise. Where you have a friend 
or acquaintance who is interested and wants to 
learn, you can easily practise and study all the 
different leads, guards, steps, ducks, etc., etc. 
Try each time you make a lead to land quicker 
and with more force. Avoid swinging at ran- 
dom, and try to and deliver your blows straight 
from the shoulder, backing them up with the 
weight of the body and a little determination 
"to get there." 

A novice must be very careful in trying to 
land a sw T ing and should not attempt it until he 
has gained knowledge both in judging distance, 
quickness and reach of his opponent. As you 
are very apt to injure your hand or wrist, and 
at the same time should you fail to land or 
your adversary duck the blow, you will be out 
of position and at his mercy. 



i6 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



Always keep cool, and though you are getting 
more blows than you can give, don't for one 
moment get confused and want to take the 
gloves off or show r your temper by getting 
angry ; then is just the time to study the dif- 
ferent ways of defence and how to land effective 
blows. 

Always keep your eyes open, and constantly on 
your opponent's eye. This to a beginner will be 
hard to do, but it must be done, as it is one of the 
most important features in boxing. The eyes and 
the feet do equal turns with the hands. Avoid land- 
ing a blow unless you can land it properly. 

In starting to box always try and land the 
first blow. Try and make your opponent lead 
first, but do not let him land. By his leading 
first and your avoiding his blow T will give you 
some idea of his reach and quickness; you will 
immediately gain confidence by landing the first 
blow and in part discourage your opponent and 
cause him to keep on the defence ; at least for 
a time, it will confuse him, giving you time to 
study his general manner as a boxer and size 
up his position, etc., etc. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



17 



Always keep watch for two things : opponent's 
right when you lead with left and a weak place 
in his guard. The right hand may prove dan- 
gerous for you, and his weak spot may prove 
dangerous for your opponent. 

Never use the right to lead, always the left ; 
lead with right hand in countering or after a left 
lead, as you cannot well reach your opponent 
with right unless well in or by shifting or turn- 
ing the upper body. 

In delivering a blow with the left hand, the 
palm should always be turned dawn as the blow 
lands, both in landing on the head or body; 
otherwise you may injure the hand or wrist. By 
turning the hand or palm down the bones of 
the hand, wrist and arm, articulate in the joints 
properly, and the strain is equal on each bone 
and joint, according to its respective place, and 
the knuckle surface of the glove will land 
square. 

The right hand should always be delivered 
with the palm turned towards the body or turned 
in, as the position of the arm requires. With 
the forearm across the body, to turn the palm 
down would tend to cross or twist certain 



i8 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



muscles of the arm, and cause a strain on the 
muscles, and at the same time the bones would 
not articulate properly. 

Practice the different ways of landing a blow 
on the striking bag or against some movable 
object that will give with your blow. 

No level-headed person will lose his temper 
when knowing he must be hit in order to learn 
boxing. The moment one loses his temper the 
best thing to do is to stop right then and there 
and remove the gloves, for he is in far greater 
danger to himself than his adversary, as he tends 
to set aside all rules of gentlemanly boxing and 
resort to wild swings and slugging. 

Learn to take a blow so as to give one in re- 
turn a little better. You can easily do this by 
letting your body sway slightly backward as 
your opponent makes a lead and not lose your 
position take the blow, which will have but little 
effect, and before he can fully recover make a 
straight lead, inclining the body forward. 

Avoid hitting about the mouth, nose or eyes. 
You will find plenty of room for blows that will 
count in boxing without leaving a mark or ex- 
citing anger. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



*9 



You will find a blow on the nose or mouth is 
very apt to start the blood and at the same time 
arouse a little hard feeling. A blow near the eye 
will discolor it, leave a mark for some time, and 
is very apt to cause you to shorten the bout. Sides 
of the face, neck, forehead, chest, abdomen and 
sides of the body will give you plenty of target 
practice without leaving marks or causing anger. 

Don't slap or use the inside of the hand ; avoid 
tapping or snapping the glove, but let the blow 
be landed with the hand clinched, firmly using 
only the back of the glove to strike, keeping the 
hand open until you start to land the blow, then 
clinch the hand firmly ; by so doing you keep the 
hands rested and at the same time as you clinch 
the hand it puts life and force into your blows. 

Make up your mind to land a blow on some 
certain point and keep at it until you land. It 
will tend to give you better judgment of dis- 
tance, quickens your blows, and makes you more 
determined in your work. 

I never took a boxing lesson in my life, but can 
truthfully say I have taken many a hard blow in 
order to learn, being fond of the sport as a 
health-giving exercise. 



20 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



To become a good, strong boxer, one must pay 
attention to health and care of the body. I 
found in order to box well I needed staying 
power and good wind, activity of the muscles, 
quickness of thought, determination and control 
of temper. Each of which was made a careful 
study. Deep breathing, always through the nos- 
trils, exhaling with force through the mouth, at 
intervals taking a long, deep breath and holding 
it for a moment, at the same time raising the 
chest, drawing the shoulders back, the stomach 
in, exhaling slowly through the mouth. (By 
this exercise with walking and running my ex- 
pansion was increased from three to seven inches 
ra one year.) Flexing the muscles, which is 
contracting them by concentrating the mind on 
any one part or set of the muscles, and at the 
same time studying their location and action, see- 
ing just what each muscle did in performing a 
certain movement or duty. Taking regular ex- 
ercise daily and noting the change in my general 
improvement and development, which at first 
seemed slow, but in time was most encouraging. 

Striking bags of all kinds and makes are to be 
had at very reasonable prices. You can get a 




Shake hands. 



22 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



bag and use it in your own room without dis- 
turbing any in the house. By spending from 
twenty to thirty minutes a day morning and 
evening you gain the benefit of exercising and 
can soon learn to deliver quick and accurate 
blows, and at the same time strengthen your 
hands, wrist, arms and shoulders. 

Hands held high over head, arms straight then 
swung down rapidly, crossing in front of the 
chest, at the same time holding the breath with 
the lungs filled w T ill 'add greatly to your en- 
durance and staying pow r ers. Standing erect 
with legs straight, rise on toes and spring up- 
ward, landing on the toes, alternate by landing 
first on right then on left will strengthen the 
ankle, calf or lower leg. Sinking to the floor, 
body straight, bending only the knee, will de- 
velop the upper leg or thigh. 

All these simple exercises or movements can 
be easily practised in your own room, and being 
combined with boxing will greatly improve your 
general health and condition. 



POSITION. 



Each boxer has his own style as to position ; 
that is to say, the height or location of his left 
hand and arm, whether he stands erect, inclines 
forward, leans backward, or crouches. A good 
position for a beginner to start with is : After 
shaking hands step back with the right foot 
about eighteen or twenty inches, according to 
height'. Left arm extended, hand on line with 
chin, elbow bent, palm turned in, right forearm 
across upper part of body, hand on left breast, 
palm turned down. Left shoulder turned for- 
ward, chin drawn down tow r ard left shoulder, 
body inclined slightly forward but straight ; the 
right leg almost straight, the left knee bent well 
forward. Feet almost at right angles ; weight 
of the body on the balls of the feet. Keep mouth 
closed, lips drawn tightly over the teeth ; breathe 
through the nostrils. It is well to keep the lungs 
partly filled. The shoulders, arms, and in fact 




Position ready to box. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



^5 



all parts of the body must feel perfectly free. 
Do not hold the body rigid, but perfectly re- 
laxed, though always ready. By keeping the 
body rigid or the muscles contracted your move- 
ments will be slow and strength soon exhausted. 
Never stand still, always be moving about and 
in motion, feinting and making believe you are 
going to make a lead or land a blow, so as to keep 
your opponent confused and constantly expect- 
ing something. 



Left lead blocked, with right landing straight left, to chin. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



27 



Left Lead blocked, with Right Landing Straight, 
Left to Chin. 

After squaring off ready to box, make a feint — 
that is, make believe you are going to deliver 
a blow with left hand. This is done by a quick 
jerk of the arms, raising the elbows and slightly 
extending either hand, first one, then the other — 
left preferred — as you are more apt to use the 
left quicker, and it is safer to keep the right near 
the body as a guard. This will tend to make 
opponent strike out, or throw up his guard for 
protection. As opponent leads left, block it with 
right and let go the left for chin, which will 
make a clean lead, and land. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



29 



Straight Left Lead, Landing on Side of Head 
Over Right Guard, Blocking Left with Right, 

This is an attack where quickness and judg- 
ment win, both in landing" and guarding. The 
blow to the head is sufficient to cause your op- 
ponent to be more careful, and, at the same time, 
should he attempt to lead his left the right hand 
blocking his left can easily be landed on the 
body by turning slightly to the left and inclining 
forward with some force. Block his left at the 
same time left blow is delivered, by extending 
the right hand, palm turned out. 



locking left lead for head with left hand open, right hand in position to 
land on body. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



3 1 



Blocking Left Lead for Head with Left Hand 
Open, Right Hand in Position to Land on 
Body. 

As opponent leads left for head, quickly pass 
your left over with hand open, striking his wrist 
or forearm ; at the same time press outward on 
his left and let go the right quickly for the 
body; just as right starts to land let go the left 
and bring forearm with palm turned out about 
a foot from the face, in case his right may be led 
for the head. 



' ' ' ■ I 



Short right hook to chin by side-step to left, inclining slightly forward, 
getting inside left guard, blocking right with left hand. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



Short Right Hook to Side of Chin by Side-Step 
to Left, Inclining Slightly Forward, Getting 
Inside of Left Guard, Blocking Right with 
Left Hand Open. 

As opponent makes least attempt to lead left 
or takes the right hand, feint, step quickly to 
the left, moving only left foot, at the same time 
incline the body forward, bringing the right 
hand to side of chin or head, the arm stiff, using 
the chest and shoulder muscles to swing or land 
the blow. At the same time block opponent's 
right hand with left hand, open, pressing against 
the wrist or glove. To recover draw right hand 
down to opponent's breast and push back. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



35 



Left Upper-cut to Chin, Avoiding a Right Lead 
for the Head, Guarding the Body with Right. 

As opponent leads right for head, turn head 
and shoulder slightly to the left, just enough to 
allow the blow to glance over the shoulder, at 
the same time bring the left hand with force up 
to the chin, palm turned in, keeping the arm in 
same position as when sparring for an opening 
(arm bent at elbow), using shoulder muscles, 
the arm rigid ; body need not move, as opponent 
must incline toward you in order to lead or use 
the right. With the right arm low, guarding 
the body, you can easily follow with a right lead 
and land for the body. 




Head and upper body inclined backward from straight left lead for the 
chin, keeping in position to land before opponent can recover. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AXD HEALTH. 



37 



Head and Upper Body Inclined Backward from 
a Straight Left Lead for the Chin, Keeping 
in Position to Land before Opponent Can Re- 
cover. 

Instead of using the hands or arms to guard 
all the blows, learn to incline the body quickly 
from a lead and retain the proper position. As 
opponent leads for the head or chin, draw the 
upper body and head quickly back, saving the 
arms and keeping out of danger and at the same 
time ready to lead and land before opponent can 
recover. This requires quickness and judgment 
of distance and should be practised daily. 




Recovering after backward incline with quick left lead for head, 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



39 



Recovering after Backward Incline with Quick 
Left Lead for Head. 

As opponent's lead has reached its limit, im- 
mediately resume position, leading straight left 
for the head, inclining the body well forward. 
Let the blow be directed upward and with 
force, with right arm across the upper body of 
chest, ready to block or land right to the body. 
When left lead is blocked or guarded with right 
forearm, incline body to left and lead right for 
the body, using the weight of the body behind 
the blow. 



Right cross-counter to head, blocking right with left hand. 



BOXIXG FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



4 1 



Right Cross-Counter to Head, Blocking Right 
with Left Hand. 

As opponent starts left lead for head, incline 
body to left, landing right hand with half swing 
and half straight over his upper arm to side of 
head. Palm turned down, knuckle part of the 
glove, landing square on the head. As right 
blow lands, extend left hand so as to block op- 
ponent's right, keeping him from a rush or using 
his right for an upper-cut. 




Right counter to body, slight duck from left lead for the head ; left hand 
and arm passing between opponent's right arm and body. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



43 



Right Counter to Body, Slight Duck from Left 
Lead for the Head; Left Hand and Arms Pass- 
ing between Opponent's Right Arm and Side. 

This blow is similar to right cross-counter, 
only it is lower and lands on the body under the 
arm. As left is started for the head incline the 
body to the left, allowing opponent's lead to 
pass, or glance by ; at the same time let go with 
right for the body, stepping in with the left foot 
and with left arm slightly extended, force it be- 
tween opponent's right side and arm, with the 
elbow bent outward, blocking or preventing his 
using the right hand. 




Blocking left lead for the head with left glove open, leading right to body. 



BOXIXG FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



45 



Blocking Left Lead for the Head with Left 
Glove Open, Landing Right to Body. 

This blow is very much the same as right 
counter to body; instead of side-stepping the 
body crouches lower, bending the left knee for- 
word, passing the left hand quickly to the right, 
hand open, grasping opponent's wrist and press- 
ing it upward and outward at the same time; 
immediately let go with right for the left side 
of the body, putting your weight against his 
body. 



Blocking left lead to body with right, leading left for head being blocked 

with right. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



47 



Blocking Left Lead to Body with Right, Lead- 
ing Left for Head Being Blocked with Right. 

This illustration shows a double lead and 
guard, or block, by both opponents. 

The left hand to face can be landed to the side 
of body by quick downward thrusts, then short 
upper-cut by being quick enough to avoid op- 
ponent making a short right hook to chin before 
blow lands on body. 




Side-step to right, ducking left lead for the head, landing left swing to body, 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



49 



Side-step to Right, Ducking Left Lead for the 
Head, Landing Left Swing to Body. 

As opponent starts left lead for the head, side- 
step quickly to the right, using only the right 
foot, ducking the head well under his left', land- 
ing left swing to body ; at the same time 
straighten up and let go the right for side of the 
head. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



Blocking a Rush. 

As opponent starts to rush in, swinging wild 
and apt to clinch, feint with both hands at the 
same time, with elbows inclined outward, then 
spring quickly forward, grasping him by the up- 
per arm and with a firm grip force him from 
you ; at the same time relax your hold and let 
go with right to side of head or chin. 



Blocking left lead for head with right forearm, countering on head with 
short left swing. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



53 



Blocking Left Lead for Head with Right Fore- 
arm, Countering on Head with Left Short 
Swing. 

As opponent leads left for head, raise right 
forearm to front of face, palm turned out, so as 
to catch the hand or wrist on the fleshy part of 
the arm ; do not raise the arm too high, as you 
may lose sight of his right. Elbow turned a little 
forward, then let go with left by landing it on 
chin from proper position left arm is kept in 
boxing. 

Be careful not to force his left too far, as it 
will leave an opening for his right in case the 
left lead to chin should fail to land. 



issing left lead for the head, blocking right body blow with left, landing 
right upper-cut to chin. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 5 



Missing Left Lead for the Head, Blocking 
Right Body Blow with Left, Landing Right 
Upper-cut to Chin. 

Incline the body slightly to the left as left lead 
for head is started, raise elbow guarding off the 
blow, let go with the right by bringing it up to 
the chin with a swing or otherwise, an upper-cut 
which is started upward with force from the line 
of the belt, raising the body to its full length, 
raising the shoulder. As right lead is started 
press out and down with left, so as to block 
right lead for the body. 




Landing short left swing to side of body before it can be blocked, right 
hand stopping a left lead for the body. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



57 



Landing Short Left Swing to Side of Body be- 
fore It Can Be Blocked, Right Hand Stepping 
a Left Lead for the Body. 

Opponent has made a feint with left shoulder 
and arm, or made believe he intends to lead for 
head, drawing right guard high, then let go with 
short left swing for side of body, landing the 
blow with but little resistance or defence. Hold 
right to block left lead for the body. 



Ducking a left lead for the head, countering on the kidneys with right. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



59 



Ducking a Left Lead for the Head, Countering 
on the Kidneys with Right. 

As left lead for head is started, duck to the 
left, raising left hand high, passing it to the 
right, hand open ; step out with right foot to the 
right, swinging right to opponent's back, palm 
turned down ; the right hand across the face will 
protect and guard against a right-hand counter. 



Feinting with left to draw right lead for body, allowing it to land or glance 

ky, sending short swing to head with left* 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



61 



Feinting with Left to Draw Right Lead for 
Body, Allowing It to Land or Glance By, 
Sending Short Swing to Head with Left. 

Feint with left or make believe left is to lead 
for head to draw out right hand lead for the 
body ; as right lead starts, turn the body slightly 
to the right, causing the blow to glance off, or 
set the body muscles to take it, then let go with 
the left for side of the head, swinging the blow 
upward, using the chest and shoulder muscles 
to deliver the blow, and with right hand open, 
palm turned out, block the left, pressing outward. 



Ducking right swing for the head, right hand being blocked with left- 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



63 



Ducking Right Swing for the Head, Right Hand 
Being Blocked with Left. 



A left lead may land without effect, and in the 
attempt to land right to body opponent may try 
a right swing for the head; watch his right, and, 
if he starts a swing, duck low, allowing the blow 
to go over the head ; as the right is blocked with 
his left, incline to the left and let go a left swing 
for side of body. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 65 



Starting Left Swing for the Head, Guarding and 
Ready to Block with Right. 



Feint or make believe you are going to lead 
with a swing by drawing the left back several 
times in quick succession ; at the same time make 
it appear the right is going to lead for the body, 
causing opponent to lower his guard both right 
and left, then go with the left for head quickly 
with deliberate aim for the lower side of the 
head. Be very careful not to land on back of 
head, and clear opponent's elbow, or otherwise 
you may injure your hand, and by swinging too 
high the blow may be ducked, giving opponent 
a chance to deliver his right to body with serious 
result. But if swing is properly landed it is a 
most effective blow. 




Ducking left swing, landing right to body, 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



6 7 



Ducking Left Swing, Landing Right to Body. 

This is the effect of delivering a swing too 
high where opponent has ducked, allowing the 
blow to go over his head ; at the same time his 
right lands with force to body, with left in posi- 
tion to land upper-cut to face and recover posi- 
tion without the least danger of receiving a blow. 



Blocking left lead to head with right, landing left swing to head. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



69 



Blocking Left Lead to Head with Right, Land- 
ing Left Swing to Head. 

Feint opponent, same as in starting left swing 
for head. As he makes left lead to head, which 
is often done to stop feinting, side-step or in- 
cline slightly to the right, block his left with 
right hand open, pressing his hand and arm be- 
fore you with force, turning him half around, 
then let go with left swing for the chin and jump 
back. 



illi 'Siiif p 111 



8 




Landing short right hook to chin, inside left lead to head, blocking right to 
body with left. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



71 



Land Short Right Hook to Chin, Inside Left 
Lead to Head, Blocking Right to Body with 
Left. 

As opponent leads left for head, incline head 
slightly to the left, raise right shoulder and fore- 
arm, so the glove is on line with his chin ; as 
glove passes neck, send right to chin, turning 
the palm slightly down, blocking his right with 
left by pressing down, thus landing right and 
avoiding a blow. 



F einting with left, side-stepping to left, landing left to side of head, right in 
position to land on body to stop rush or clinch. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



73 



Feinting with Left, Side-stepping to Left, Land- 
ing Left to Side of Head, Right in Position to 
Land on Body to Stop Rush or Clinch. 

To properly execute this movement requires 
quickness, skill, and good judgment. Feint and 
keep well to the right of opponent ; make believe 
you are trying to land your right on body, draw- 
ing his guard low and forcing him to use his 
left to your body, then quickly side-step to left, 
with left foot first, following with right, inclin- 
ing the body forward, which brings you well to 
his side ; then let go with left for head, right in 
position to land on body in case he attempts to 
rush into a clinch ; let go your right any way, 
as it will land on body between his guard. 



Blocking left lead for body with right forearm, stepping in and landing left 

hook to side of head. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



75 



Blocking Left Lead for Body with Right Fore- 
arm, Stepping in and Landing Left Hook to 
Side of Head. 

Keep right guard high, making believe right 
will lead as opponent attempts to lead left to 
body ; quickly lower right guard to body, taking 
blow on forearm, stepping in or drawing right 
foot to side of left ; land short swing with left to 
side of head, and immediately spring backward 
into position. 



A double rush, blocking with both arms. 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



77 



A Double Rush, Blocking Both Arms. 

This will often occur both in amateur and pro- 
fessional boxing. It is caused by both trying to 
avoid body blows ; the stronger or quicker has 
the advantage. As opponent rushes in to clinch, 
grasp right arm with left hand, forcing it across 
the left arm and body, the right forearm well up, 
keeping elbow down, pressing right forearm 
against his right and forcing him from you. 
Immediately you feel opponent pressing against 
your guard try and spring backward and let go 
with right hand lead for side of head (a short 
swing is better and more effective), then lead at 
once the left for the body, landing a straight 
lead. 



Landing right to body with head in danger of a right upper-cut, 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



79 



Landing Right to Body with Head in Danger 
of a Right Upper-cut. 

Cut No. 12 is almost identical to this illustra- 
tion. 

As opponent takes the feint and starts his 
right for the body, incline slightly to the left, 
keeping left arm close to the body, allowing him 
to land ; at the same time let go with right for 
head, landing short upper-cut. 



8o 



BOXING FOR SKILL AND HEALTH. 



SOME TRICKS IN BOXING. 

Keep your hands in motion, feinting or make 
believe you are going to deliver a blow. Drop 
your eyes to your opponent's body, feinting with 
either hand, making believe you are going to 
land a blow on the body, but watch his move- 
ments by paying attention to what lead he may 
make. Occasionally turn your head as if look- 
ing to one side or over your opponent's shoul- 
der, or glance down at your feet. Let both hands 
drop to sides of body and look square into your 
opponent's eyes. Turn your hand or wrist as if 
something was wrong, extend the left foot well 
out in front and draw it back slowly, attracting 
your opponent's attention from the gloves. 
Draw either hand w T ell back as if you were going 
to swing or land a swinging blow, but let go 
with either hand at straight lead. 

All of these are tricks practised by profes- 
sional boxers for misleading or confusing an op- 
ponent. He will, nine times out of ten, think 
something is wrong with you, and relax his 
guard, giving a clean opening. 



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! CULTURE 1 

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How Health and Strength Are Gained 



THE 
THREE GREAT 
REMEDIES 




Feasting 
Hydropathy 



of nature ( Exercise 

BY 

BERNARR MACFADDEN and FELIX OSWALD, A.M., M.D. 



Every organism a self-regulating apparatus. Nature's 
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Disease caused by eating in excess supply gastric juice. 
Protracted fasts. Instances of remarkable cures. No 
microbe has a chance against fasting method. Seven-day 
fasts of one of the authors. Its effect on mind and body. 

Cold, Nature's specific for cure of germ disease. Agues 
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BRIEF SYNOPSIS OF CONTENTS 




IN VOLS. I., II., III., IV. AND V. 

PHYSICAL CULTURE 

1123 Bro^dwa^y New York City 
BOUND IN CLOTH, 50c. A VOLUME, POST-PAID 

VOL. I. CONTAINS : 

Development of Strength and Energy — The Development of Mus- 
cular Vigor — Is Genius a Disease? — How to Keep Cool— The Drug 
Curse — Murder of Children by Parental Ignorance, all by Bernarr Mac- 
fadden, and a great many other interesting articles by others. 

VOL. II. CONTAINS: 

The Editor's Personal Experience — Fundamental Demands of 
Health— How to Strengthen Weak Eyes, by Bernarr Macfadden — 
Method of Physical Culture of Prominent Players — Physical Education 
of Women, by Dr. Julia Holmes — Physical Culture without Apparatus, 
by Benarr Macfadden— Cause and Cure of Colds— Consumption Curable 
—Physical Culture with a Chair, by Bernarr Macfadden— Cause and 
Cure of Catarrh, by Dr. Jacquemin — Physical Culture for Babies, by 
Bernarr Macfadden, etc. 

VOL. III. CONTAINS: 

Resisting Exercises, by Bernarr Macfadden— Rational Dress— How 
to Develop Strong, Shapely Legs— Wrestling as an Exercise, by Bernarr 
Macfadden — Physical Culture for Boys and Girls, by Bernarr Mac- 
fadden— Some Home Truths, by Dr. Page — Treatment of Constipa- 
tion without Medicine, by Dr. Steele— Astounding Theory of Colds and 
Cold Air, by Bernarr Macfadden — Dumbbell Exercises— Food as 
Cumulative Poison — Editor's Fasting Experiment, etc. 

VOL. IV. CONTAINS: 

Physical Culture While Walking, by Bernarr Macfadden— Health 
Items, by Dr. Oswald— New-Fashioned Ideas on Health, by Dr. Rein- 
hold— Correction of Deformities — The Ice Water Habit — About Sun and 
Air Baths, by Dr. Page— The Food We Eat— Physical Culture in Public 
Schools— Paralysis Cured by Physical Culture— Physical Culture for 
Children, by Bernarr Macfadden— Conditions and Habits of Man— The 
Cold Water Cure of Fevers— Meat-Eating Folly— International Health 
Notes, by Dr. Oswald Right of State in Compulsory Medication- 
Notable Examples of Physical Culture— After a Seven-Days' Fast, by 
Bernarr Macfadden— Medical Science: What It Is— Stretching Exer- 
cises, by Bernarr Macfadden. 

VOL. V. CONTAINS: 

Living on Five Cents a Day — How Vaccine Is Made— Cure of 
Rheumatism — The New Century— Genesis of Prudery— S c i e n c e of 
Wrestling— Corrective Exercises— Bag Punching — Indian Methods of 
Development— Mental and Physical Development— Consumption Cured 
by Physical Culture— Exercises for the Aged— Asthma Cured — Exer- 
cises for Obesity — Fencing in Public Schools— Bug-a-boos of the Med- 
ical Profession —Paralysis and Nature Cure — Prudes Responsible for 
Vice — Art of the Japanese Jejuits— Habits and Conditions of Man- 
Curing Deformities— Curative Powers of Exercise. 



STRENGTH 

from EATING 



By BERNARR MACFADDEN 

How and What to Eat and Drink to Develop Supple- 
ness, Strength and Beauty of Body 

BRIEF SYNOPSIS OF CONTENTS 

Value of Normal Appetite. Digestion Begins in 
Mouth. Importance of Mastification. Process of 
Digestion. Air, Water and Solids as Foods. One, 
Two and Three Meals a Day Plan Discussed. Meat 
and Mixed Diet. Vegetarian Diet. Cooking. Raw 
Foods. Health Foods. Importance of Proper 
Foods. Influence of Occupation. Temperament on 
Appetite. Influence of Temperature on Demand for 
Food. Overeating and Its Evils. Effect of Liquors. 
Drinking at Meals. Coffee and Tea Evils. White 
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food products, with their chemical analyses. 

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by following the remarkably simple system of 
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75he Virile Powers 
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BY 

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ASSISTED BY MEDICAL AND OTHER AUTHORITIES 

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One of the latest poses of the anther, 
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COSTTEITTS. 



Cause of loss of hair mav be local or constitu- 
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cleansed from scalp Injures hair. Effect of nnhnp- 
piness on the hair. 

General information. Importance of bathing. 
Tight-fitting or heavy hats. Excessive dietetic 
indulgence — its effect on the hair. Emotional 
life. Can baldness or thin hair bo inherited? 
Importance of fine physical health. Why men 
grow bald more than women. Dissipation — Its 
effect on the hair. Sun bathe. Abbreviated 
instructions for both eexes oa ordinary caro of 
the hair. 

does not admit the information worth $5.00 



PHYSICAL CULTURE PUBLISHING CO., 

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OV 16 19C 



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