Book t:^ A/C/-<^ A / 70 (m < THE CENTENNIAL GAZETTEER OF THE UNITED STATES. A OEOORAPHICAL AND STATISTICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE STATES, TERRITORIES, COUNTIES, TOWNSHIPS, VIL- LAGES, POST-OFFICES, MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, LAKES, ETC., IN THE AMERICAN UNION, SHOWING THE EXTENT OF ITS GROWTH, THE VASTNESS OF ITS WEALTH AND RESOURCES, AND ITS EDUCATIONAL, INDUSTRIAL AND POLIT- ICAL STATUS AT THE END OF THE FIRST CENTURY OF THE REPUBLIC, EMBRACING THE DATA FURNISHED BY THE CENSUS OF 1870, AND THE MOST RECENT OFFICIAL REPORTS. BY A. VON STEINWEHR, A. M., (Author of Eclectic Series of School Geogp-aphies, and Topographical Map of the United States.) J. C. McCURDY & COMPANY, PHILADELPHIA, PA.; CINCINNATI, O. ; CHICAGO, ILLS. ; ST. LOUIS, MO. iBtttered according to Act of Congress in the year 18TI, by ZIEGLER & McCURDY, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress. AUG 11 moH PREFACE. In preparing the Centennial Gazetteer, the author has endeavored to pre^e^.^ to his readers the latest geographical and statistical information relating to the United States, in a compact and convenient form. ^ _ The book contains descriptive articles on the states and territories; the counties and townships ; the cities, villages and post-offices, and tl.e principal mountains rivers and lakes. As these articles are alphabetically arranged, reference to any of them is easv and the reader can readily obtain the information he may be m search of. The sources from which the materials of the Gazetteer have been drawn were numerous and ample, and have been furnished by the various authorities the chiefs of bureaus of the general government and the secretaries of the diflFerent states) with great liberality, for which the author would herewith tender his sincere thanks. To enumerate all the documents, reports and other works which have been consulted and used would far exceed the limits of this preface. The most important only can be indicated here. Such are the State Geological RepoHs and the reports of explorations west of the Mississippi River. These documents furnished the materials necessary for the description of the surface structure and the soil of the states, territories and '"^Thrremarks on the climate of the United States and the several states have been drawn chiefly from the large meteorological publications of the Smithsonian Institu- tion and the excellent charts inserted in the third volume of the Ninth Census Report. Particular attention has been given to the subject oi staii^cs. These have been derived from the Report of the Ninth Census, the reports of the Chief of the Bureau of Statistics, in Washington, and numerous other sources. Where not otherwise in- dicated, the figures are mostly those of the census. Older statistics have been largely introduced for the purpose of enabling the reader to institute comparisons and to trace the more or less rapid progress of a state, city or county. The railroad staiistics have been taken from H. V. Poor's Railroad Manual, and the American Railway Manual by Edward Vernon. . Several of the state and territorial governments (as Washington, Utah, Arkansas South Carolina, etc.,) have published treatises on their natural resources, etc., designed to guide emigrants in the selection of new homes. These have been made use of as far as the information given appeared reliable. The Zoc«(ion of cities and villages has been described from the large postal maps published by the Post-office Department at Washington, from railroad guides and all iv PREFACE. other available sources, and, it is hoped, will be found correct, so that the Gazetteer may serve as a shipping guide for all places of the slightest importance. It will be found a complete post-office directory at the time of its publication. The author deems the present a v^y favorable time for the publication of a new gazetteer. Thebooks of this description heretofore published were compiled previous to the civil war, since which period the country has undergone very great political and social changes, aside from its normal progress in wealth, population and industrial activity. Hence they are antiquated and of historical rather than practical value. The ninth census, taken in 1870, and published a short time ago, proves to be far superior to and more reliable than any of its predecessors — thanks to the labors and critical discussions of its able chief, General Francis A. Walker — and in all probability will be the last that will be taken before the close of the first century of our national existence. It seemed desirable that the results of this great work should be rendered more accessible than is possible through the distribution of the official volumes alone. It is the opinion of many that we live in a period of transition, and that a new historic era is at hand, well into the midst of which we may find ourselves with the successful solution of such problems as now press the statesman and economist on all sides. "With reorganized social, political and industrial conditions in the southern states, with the return of capital from speculative enterprise, with a more elastic and equally distributed currency, and with a rejuvenation of our general political life, we shall have already entered the new historic period. It is more than probable there- fore that the Centennial Gazetteer will be the very last work of its kind issued during this period of transition, or required for years to come ; and it is hoped that^ as it will be found to fairly represent the country in its material development, past and present, it will have both historic and practical value. In conclusion, the author would render thanks to James P. Boyd, Esq., of Philadel- phia, for his able assistance and thoughtful co-operation, through which many an error of statement or omission of fact has been corrected. A. VON STEINWEHR. ABBEEYIATIONS USED IN THE GAZETTEEK. Ala.— Alabama. Ariz. — Arizona. Ark. — Arkansas. Cal.— California. Colo.— Colorado. Conn. — Connecticut. Dak.— Dakota. Del, — Delaware. D. C— District ot Columbia. Fla.— Florida. Ga.— Georgia. 111.— Illinois. Ind. — Indiana. Ind. Ter.— Indian Territory. Iowa — Iowa. Kans. — Kansas. Ky.— Kentucky. La. — Louisiana. Me. — Maine. Md.— Maryland. Mass.— Massachusetts. Mich.— Michigan. Minn. — Minnesota. Miss.— Mississippi. Mo.— Missouri. Mont. — Montana. Nebr.— Nebraska. Nev.— Nevada. N. H.— New Hampshire. N. J.— New Jersey. N. Mes.— New Mexico. N. Y.— New York. N. C— North Carolina. Ohio — Ohio. Greg.— Oregon. Pa.— Pennsylvania. R. I.— FJiode Island. S. C— South Carolina. Tenn. — Tennessee. Tex.— Texas. Utah— Utah. Vt.— Vermont. Va.— Virginia. Wash. Ter.— Washington Territory, W. Va.— West Virginia. Wis.— Wisconsin. Wyo.— Wyoming. N.— North. S.— South. E.— East. W.— West. R.— River. B.— Bay. Cr.— Creek. C— Cape. p. o. — post-otHce. p. v.— post-village. tn. — township or town. CO.— county. COS. — counties. R. R.— Rail-road. m.le.— mile. m^ls. — miles. sq. mis. — square miles. pop.— population. * preceding a name signifles money order post- oflSce. Mt.— Jlountain. Mts.— Mountains. Pk.— Peak. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. THE FNITEI) STATES OF AMERICA includes witliin its boundaries the central portlou of the North American continent, less than two hundred years ago a comparative wilderness, and covers aa area extending from the British Possessions on the north to the Gulf and tho Republic of Mexico on the south, being situated between 25° 7' and 49° North latitude, and between 66° 58i^' and 124° 43' longitude West of Greenwich. The eastern coast, 2,163 miles long, Is washed by the Atlantic Oce.in ; the western coast, 1,343 miles long, by the Pacific Ocean ; and the southern coast, 1,764 miles long, by the Gulf of Mexico. The greatest breadth of this area, from the mouth of the St. Croix River in Maine to Cape Flattery in Oregon, is 4,316,166 meters, or 2,744 miles, and the greatest length, from the 49th par- allel to the mouth of the Rio Grande, ia 2,556,219 meters, or 1,588 miles. The total area, excluding Alaska territory, is 3,026,494 square miles, and including Alaska 3,603,884 square miles ; a surface extent surpassed only by that of three great states, the British Empire with all its dependencies and colonies, the Chinese Empire, and the Russian Empire. 1. BOVIfDABIES. The northern boundary begins at the mouth of the St. Croix river, in Passamaquoddy Bay, follows this river through Grand Lake to its source, and thence goes due north till it strikes the St. John river. It then follows the St. John and the St. Francis rivers to the outlet of Lake Pohenagamook, whence it strikes S. W. to a point on the North Branch of the St. John, 10 miles from the maiu branch. From this point it extends S. 10° W. to the intersection of the 8. W Branch of the St. John river and the parallel of 46° 25' N. latitude, follows this river to it3 source, thence the Height of Land dividing the affluents of the St. Lawrence I'iver from those^ of the Atlantic ocean, to the source of Hall's Stream, a tributary of the Connecticut, following this stream to the 45th parallel, which becomes the boundary until it strikes the St. Lawrence river near the village of St. Regis. Thence it passes through the middle of the St. Lawrence, Lake Ontario, Niagara River, Lake Erie, Detroit River, St. Clair Lake and River, Lake Huron, and Lake Superior, to the mouth of Pigeon River. It ascends Pigeon River, crosses the Fowl Lakes and the Lake of the Woods to its north-western extremity in 49° 23' 55" N. latitude and 95° 14' 38" W. longitude, where it turns due south to the 49tb parallel, and follows this parallel to the Canal de Haro, which separates Vancouver Island from the continent and the San Juan Islands. The southern boundary follows the deepest channel of the Rio Grande del Norte to 32° N. lati- tude, thence runs due west to 108° 30' W. longitude,' thence south to 31° 30' N. latitude, thence again west to 111° W. longitude, thence W. N. W. to the Colorado river, below the mouth of the Gila river. From this point it runs to the Pacific coast, opposite the Coronados Island. The western, or Pacific coast, forms a simple curve and extends from the Straits of Juan de Fuca to Lower California. It is mostly high and rocky and has but one indentation of consider- able magnitude, the Bay of San Francisco. The eastern, or the Atlantic coast, trends from N. E. to S. W., and consists of three shallow curves. The first of these extends from Passamaquoddy Bay to Cape Cod, and is indented by Massachusetts Bay ; the second extending from Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras, by New York, Dela- ware, and Chesapeake bays ; and the third, extending from Cape Hatteras to Florida, by numerous sounds or inlets, separating low alluvial islands from the main lands. The southern, or Gulf coast, extends from Cape Sable, the extremity of Florida, to the mouth of the Rio Grande, and in character resembles the Atlantic coast, being low and level. It is indented by a series of extensive lagoons and baj's, as the Laguua Madre, Corpus Christi, Mata- gorda and Galveston bays, in Texas ; Vermilion, Atehafalaya, Terrebonne, and Timbalier bays, in Louisiana, the Bay of Mobile in Alabama, and Pensacola, Tampa, and other bays in Florida. a) 8 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. II. SURFACE. The surface structure of the United States, the great central portion of the Noitn American continent, is in the general arrangement of its prominent features compai-atively simple. It consists ol three distinct, -well-defined regions or belts, which may he designated as the Eastern Central and "Western Divisions. 1. The Eastern Division comprises the broad mountain belt of the Appalachian system, together with the low plain which extends along the sea-coast and gently ascends to the base of the mountains. This plain varies greatly in width. In New England it measures on an average about .'JO miles, is much narrower in New York and New Jersey, but farther south expands till it attains a width of over 200 miles in North and South Carolina. South of New Jersey and Penn- Bjivania it consists of two portions. The eastern is low, level, and in the main sandy ; while the western is undulating, or broken, and in some parts considerably diversified by chains of hills. The former is called the Tide Water Section ; the latter may be termed the Piedmont District, a name in common use in Virginia. The Appalachian Mountains form a belt about 100 miles wide and 1,300 miles long, and cover an area of nearly 12,5,000 square miles. They extend from the Canadian Province of New Brunswick to Northern Georgia and Alabama, where the last chains sink down to the nearly horizontal plain. They are composed of a large number of nearly parallel chains, remarkably uniform over long distances in direction and height. The valleys inclosed within these numerous chains, and tlie gently sloping mountain sides, ofierto the settler every possible advantage of soil, water, and vegetation. The western base of the Appalachians is bordered by a broad, slightly elevated table-land, intersected by the numerous water-courses which rise among the mountains and finally join the Mississippi. This table-land extends over western New "i'ork, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, the largest portion of Ohio, the south-eastern counties of Indiana, nearly all of Kentucky and Tennessee, and a large part of Alabama. 2. Tlie Western Division comprises the larger portion of tliat great mass of mountain ranges and table-lands known as tlie North American Cordilleras, which accompany the Pacific coast of the continent from the Isthmus of Panama to the shores of the Arctic Ocean. "Within the United States the Cordilleras occupy the space between the 105th meridian W. of Greenwich, and the western coast. Their eastern border is formed by the Rocky Mountains, their Avestern by the lofty chain of the Sierra Nevada and the Cascade moujitains ; while the Coast Ranges of California, Oregon and Washington are the outlying spurs and projections of the vast system, and abut with bold promontories and ridges upon the Pacific coast. Numerous broken and de- tached ranges occupy the wide space between the lofty border chains, and receive distinctive names as they become known to the explorer and the settler. The Rocky Mountains do not form a single continuous ridge, as the common maps of Colton, Mitchell, and others invariably represent them ; but consist of two or more ranges, which inclose the highest portion of the continental plateau, and are connected by traverse ridges at irregu- lar distances. These latter cut up the plateau into a succession of isolated plateaus, or " Parks," shut in on all sides by elevated mountains. Secondary ranges radiate from the principal chains, and jut out into the plains which form the base of the Rocky Mountains along their whole ex- tent. The southern terminus of the Rocky Mountains is between the Rio Grande and Pecos rivers, in western Texas, in about 30° N. lat. From this point they trend N. W. to 32° N. lat., then change their goi\eral dii-ection to due N., traversing New Mexico, Colorado, and soutlicrn Wyo- ming, and sink down into that remarkable gap, through which the Sweet Water and the North Platte rivers flow from W. to E., and the western portion of which is called the South Pass. North of this depression the Rocky Mountains trend N. W. through Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana. Their western chain forms the boundary between the two last named territories. For a moi'e detailed description of the different sections of this mountain system, see the articles on New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana. The Rocky Mountains form the great divide between the western tributaries of the Mls.«issippl and the largo streams that empty into the Pacific Ocean. They are the culminating region, or apex— so to speak — of the continent, and have a mean elevation of more than 10,000 feet, while their highest peaks exceed 14,000 feet. Of these the following are the best known: Fremont's Peak in Wyoming (13,570 feet) ; Long's Peak in Colorado (14,050 feet) ; Mt. Audubon, W. of Long's Peak and near it (13,4.53 feet)-; Parry's Peak, 8 or 9 miles S. of the 40th parallel (13,133 feet); Gray's Peak, G miles W. of Denver (14,145 feet) ; Mt. Guyot, 25 miles N. of the 30th parallel (13,2-23 feet) ; Mt. Silverheels, S. W. of Mt. Guyot (13,6.50 feet) ; Mt. Lincoln, a few miles N. Vt. of Mt. Silverheels (14,123 feet) ; Horseshoe Mount, about 8 miles S. E. of Mt. Lincoln (13,803 feet) ; Pike's Peak (14,218 feet) ; Mt. Yale, 12 to 14 miles S. of the 39th parallel and W. of the Arkansas river, (14,078 feet) ; Mt. Harvard, 5 miles N. W. of Mt. Y.ale (14,270 feet). The great mountain I'ange which forms the western edge of the Coi'dilleras is called in Califor- nia the Sierra Nevada or Sno^-y Range; in Oregon and Washington, the Cascade Mouulains. This range conforms very nearly to the general direction of the coast, from which its crest varies ARMS OFTHE STATES AND TERRITORIES OFTHE AMERICAN UNION. MISSISSIPPI. LOUISIANA ENGRAVED S PRINTED EXPRESSLY FOR THE CENTENNIAL OAZATEER OF THE U.S. IDAHO TER PUB LI SHED BYJ.C.M9CURQY a CO. PHI LA. CIN.O., CHICAGO S ST LOUIS. THE UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA. 9 in Oislance from 150 to 170 miles. The Sierra Nevada extends from the Tejon Pass in the S., to Mt. Sliasta in tlie N. W., a distance of 550 miles. The eastern slope, which does not exceed 10 miles in width, is bold and abrupt ; its wastern, about 60 miles wide, sinks gently down to the broad valley ot the San Joaquin and Sacramento rivers. The southern portion consists of thi-ee higli crests, which inclose between them the valleys of the two branches of Kern River. From lat. 36° to Lassen's Peak in 40° 30', the Sierra has but one crest, and from Lassen's Peak to Mt. Shasta it expands into an elevated volcanic plateau, the eastern edge of which is known as Warner's Range. The average height of the Sierra is nearly the same as that of tlie Rocky Mountains, but it is not so uniform. Tlie southern portion is 'iy far the loftiest, and from 36° 30' lat. the height of the dominating peaks, as of the passes, decreases as we go northward; the former from 15,000 feet to 8,100 feet ; and the latter, froml2,000 feet to .5,100 feet. Mt. Whitney, situated near the head-waters of Kern River, is the loftiest peak thus far known, and is estimated at from 15,000 to 15,300 feet above the sea-level; Mt. Tyndall is 13,386 feet; Mt. Brewer, 13,886 feet; Mt. Lyell, 13,217 feet ; Mt. Dana, 13,2-27 feet ; Mt. Hoffman, 10,872 feet ; Silver Mountain, 10,935 feet ; Pyramid Peak about 10,600 feet ; the Downieville Buttes, 8,400 feet ; Mt. Oujumi, 8,378 feet ; and Mt. Shasta, 14,410 feet. The Cascade Mountains trencl due K. from Mt. Shasta through Oregon and Washington, and form the prolongation of the Sierra Nevada, which they resemble in general character, al the agh their average elevation is considerably less. Thej* are cut through by the transverse valley of Columbia River. The highest peaks are Diamond Peak, Mt. Hood (11,225 feet ; Mt. St. Helens and Mt. Adams (both from 9,000 to 10,000 feet) ; Mt. Reinier (14,444 feet) ; and Mt. Baker (10,719 feet). The vast region which separates the Sierra Nevada and the Cascade Mountains from the Rocky Mountains is a high table-land with numerous broken and partially detached superincumbent mountains separated by plains and valleys. " The traveler," saj'S J. D. Whitney, " crossing this plateau will thread his way through narrow defiles, wind around innumerable spurs and ridges, traverse narrow valleys and occasional broad plains ; the former sometimes green and attractive ; the latter always arid and repulsive to the last degree ; he will never descend below 4,00p feet above the sea-level, and will never be ovit of sight of mountains ; these will always environ him with thinly wooded flanks and sterile and craggy summits, often glistening with great patches of snow which gradually lessen as the summer advances. In the distance these mountain ranges behind their atmosphere of purple haze will seem massive and uniform in character ; as he approaches one he will find it presenting some new charm of hidden valley or canyon, deeply countersunk into the mountain side. As he rises still higher he will ciuench his thirst at the refreshing spring of pure water, fed by the melting snow above, while the grandeur of the rocky masses, the purity of the air, the solitariness of the almost infinite extent of the panorama opened before him when he fairly reaches the summit, will leave upon his mind an ineffaceable impression of the peculiar features of our western mountain scenery." The most important of these ranges is that of the Wahsatch Mountains, which passes through central Utah, from N. to S., as a broad belt of highlands of nearly the elevation of the Rocky Mountains, and terminates near the banks of the Colorado river, in the N. W. corner of Arizona. The Uintah Mountains branch off from the Wahsatch toward the E., and are separated from the spurs of the Rocky Mountains by the narrow defile of the Colorado. To the N. of the Uintah Mountains, and bordered by the Rocky and Wahsatch mountains, is the high basin of the Upper Colorado, which the Union Pacific railroad traverses from K. to W. A lower terrace, the basin of the middle Colorado, lies south of the Uintahs and extends to the table-land of the White Mesa, Avliich stretches from the Rocky Mountains westward to the southern extremity of the Wahsatch range. The Colorado breaks through the Mesa, forming those famous canyons which in their stupendous grandeur rank with the most impressive features of the earth. Still farther S. are the massive MogoUon Mountains, and the numerous other chains of Arizona, which all trend N. W. and S. E. The region which is bordered on the E. by the Wahsatch Mountains and the northern portion of the Rocky Mountains, and on the W. by the Sierra Nevada and the Cascade Mountains, is properly termed the "Great Basin." It varies in width from 200 to 450 miles. The numerous isolated mountains which occupy it have a general noith and south trend, and are usually very narrow, not often exceeding 8 or 10 miles in width. The most iinportant of these are the East Humboldt Mountains, 75 miles from the Utah line ; the West Humboldt Mountains, 100 miles east of California ; and the Toyabe Mountains, nearly intermediate between the two, and flanking the Reese River Valley on the east. Several peaks of the Toyabe and the East Humboldt ranges have an altitude of from 10,000 to 12,000 feet. North of the Humboldt river, which intersects the central part of the Great Basin from E. to W., the mountains assume a different character from those heretofore described, and are not arranged in parallel ridges, but radiate in var- ious directions from central nuclei. Such are the Salmon River Mountains of Idaho, and the Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon, separated from each other by the middle course of Snake River. Eastern Washington consists chiefly of the Columbia River Plain, which in elevation hardly exceeds 2,000 feet. There are three main depressions within this region ; one at the base 10 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. cf the Sierra, at a level of about 3,850 feet above the sea, receiving the drainage of northern Nevada aud the eastern slope of the Sierra ; the second, the " (ireat Salt Lake Basin," about 4/250 feet higU near the western basis of the Walisatch Mountains ; and the tliird, ' ' Dead Valley," in south-east- em California, which is several hundred feet below the level of the sea. 3. The Central Division is commonlj^ called the Mississippi Valley, and extends from the Appalachian Mountain system in the E. to the Rocky Mountains in the W. It is an immense plain, comprising an area of '2,455,000 sciuare miles, and extending through 30 degrees of longitude aud 23 degrees of latitude. On tlie N. it is bounded by the Height of Land, a broad table-land less tlian 2,000 feet above the sea, which sepai'ates it from the valley of the Red river of the North, an affluent of Lake VVinnepeg, in British America. TJie lowest portion of the Mississippi Valley is the alluvial bottom or flood-ground of the great river, which extends from the mouth of the Ohio river to tlie Gulf of Mexico. This bottom varies in width from 30 to 70 miles, and is liable to inun- dation. Large portions of it are covered witli swamps and nearly impenetrable forests. On both sides it is bounded by " bluffs," which are the margins of the liigher ground, and often rise 150 or 200 feet above high- water level. In a few instances they approach the river, as at the Iron Banks, near Columbus, and the Chalk Banks, near Hickman, Ky. ; at Fulton, Randolph, and Memphis Tenn.; at Vicksburg, Grand and Petit Gulf, Natchez and Fort Adams, Miss.; and at Francisville and Baton Rouge, La. From the bluffs the country rises imperceptibly toward the east and west forming gently inclined planes, through which the tributaries of the parent stream have cut deep valleys. A belt of hills and uplands— the Ozark Mountains, about 2,000 feet high— rises on the western plain and occupies portions of the Indian Territory, Arkansas, and Missouri. The higher portions of this plane, extending aloug the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains, are known as the Great riaius, III. RIVERS AND I.AKES. The rivers of the United States belong to three sj'stcms, corresponding to the three great physi- cal divisions we have just described. The first embraces the rivers which empty into the Atlan- tic ; the second those which empty into the Pacific ; and the third those which empty into the Gulf of Mexico. 1. The largest stream entering the Atlantic is the St. Lawrence. Its course intersects the Do- minion of Canada ; but it also belongs to the United States, for it forms the boundary of the state of New York, and drains the Great Lakes, which receive numerous affluents from the north-cen- tral states. The 81. Lawrence, although not the longest, is the greatest river of the world, sur- passing all others in the volume of water which it discharges into the ocean. Its head stream is St. Louis River, which rises in the Height of Land, fiows through north-eastern Minnesota, and empties into the western extremity of Lake Superior. This lake, as well as the others of the series —Michigan, Huron, St. Clair, Erie, and Ontario— must be regarded as expansions of the St. Laiu- rence; and viewed in this light, the Sainte Marie, St. Clair, Detroit, and Niagara rivers are but different portions of the same great stream. The entire length, from the source of the St. Louis to the Old/ 0/ St. Lawrence, is upward of 2,000 miles, and the general direction of its course to the head of Lake Erie is S. E. ; thence to the mouth, N. E. The principal tributaries are : Fox River, which I'ises in Southern Wisconsin, flows N. E., and empties into Green Bay; the Oconto, Pesh- tiffo, and Menomonee rivers, also emptying into Green Bay ; t\\e Manistee, Notepseacon, Muskeagoii, Grand, Kalamazoo, anil St. Joseph rivers, which empty into Lake Michigan ; the Au Sable and Saginaw rivers, which empty into Lake Huron ; the Maumee, which is formed by the confluence of the St. Joseph and St. Mary at Fort Wayne, and empties into Lake Erie. This lake further receives the Sandusky, Rock, Cuyahoga, and Grand rivers, which traverse Northern Ohio. Lake Ontario receives the Genesee and the Oswego, which is the outlet of the lakes in Central New York ; the Crooked, Seneca, Cayuga, Owasco, Skeneateles, and Oneida. The Black River rises in the Adirondack Mountains, and empties into the eastern extremity of Lake Ontario. The St. Law- rence proper receives the Osivegatchie, Racket, and Richelieu rivers, the last-named being the outlet of Lakes Champlain and George. The principal New England rivers .are : the St. Croix, which, forming the eastern boundary of Maine, rises in Grand Lake, 382^^ feet above the sea, and empties into Pass.amaquoddy Ray ; the Penobscot, which drains the Chesuncook and Pamadumcook Lakes, receives the Seboois and the Mattaioamkeag, and empties into Penobscot Bay ; the Kennebec, which drains Moosehead T^ke, and receives the Androscoggin ; the Merrimac, which is formed by the confluence of the Pemigewasset with the Winnipiseogee, the outlet of the lake of the same name : and the Connecticut, which rises In the Height of Land, near the boundary of Vermont, in two branches (the western of which is called Hairs Stream), flows nearly ilue south as far as Middleto wn, Conn., where it turns S. E., and empties into Long Island Sound. Owing to the configuration of the country, the rivers of New England are not navigable far inland. The Hudson, the largest river of Now York, rises in the Adirondacks, receives the Sacondago and the Mohawk rivers, and empties into New York Bay. It is a magniflcent stream, approach- THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 11 Ing, if not surpassing, in picturesque scenery, the celebrated Rhine. The Delaware rises in two branches in Kew York, and flowing south forms the boundary between Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Its principal tributaries are the Lehigh and Schuylkill rivers. The Susquehanna is formed by the confluence of the West and East branches, flows through Pennsylvania, receives the Juniata, and empties into the liead of Chesapeake Bay. This bay also receives the Potomac, the Rappahannock, and the James, the largest stream of Virginia. The Roanoke River is formed by the Staunton and the Dan, which unite near the southern boundary of Virginia. It empties into Albemarle Sound. The Neuse River empties into Pamlico Sound. Cape Fear River is formed by the Deep and Haw rivers, flows through southern North Carolina, and empties near Cape Pear. The Yadkin River and the Suntee River, which is formed by the Waleree and the Congaree rivei-s. are the principal streams of South Carolina. Savannah River, which marks the boundary between South Carolina and Georgia, is formed by the Tugaloo and Kiowa rivers, and empties below the city of Savannah. Steamboats ascend as far as Augusta, Ga. The AUamaha River is formed by the Oconee and Oomulgee rivers. The St. John's River, of Florida, rises in one of the vast swamps so common in that region, flows north, and turning east, empties into the oceaD. The principal rivers enumerated are navigable throughout the tide- water portion. 2. The largest river that empties into the Pacific Ocean is the Colmnbia. It rises in a small lake near the western base of the Rocky Mountains, and at first flows N. N. "\V. along this range, as far as the foot of Mount Hooker, where it turns VV. and then S. In this northerly portion of its course it forms the Upper, Middle, and Lower Arrow lakes. Shortly after crossing the southern bounday of British Columbia and entering Washington Territory, it is joined by the Clark Fork, continues its southerly direction, and in about 4S° N. lat. turiis westward, sweeping La a wide but tortuous curve around the great Columbia Plain. In 46° N. lat and 117° long. W. of Greenwich, it receives its largest tributary. Snake River, and assumes a westward course to the ocean, forming the boundary between Washington Territory and Oregon. In passing through a gap of the Cascade Mountains it forms a series of rapids or cascades, which are sepa- rated from each other by quiet stretches of water from 25 to 30 miles long. The mouth of the Columbia is an estuary 30 miles long and 6 miles wide, and opens into the ocean between Cape Disappointment and Point Adams, steamers ply on the lower river to the foot of the lowest cascade, a distance of 140 miles ; and above the highest cascade, to Old Fort Walla Walla. A raili'oad around the cascades connects the lower and upper parts of stream navigation. The dis- tance from the source to the mouth is about G70 miles, the length of the river, 1,150 miles, and the territory drained by it, 838,880 square miles. The Columbia receives numerous, and some very large tributaries. The Flat Bow Fork rises in tlie Rocky Mountains of British Columbia and flows S. into Montana, then returns W. N. W. into Columbia, and joins the parent stream near the southern extremity of the Lower Arrow lake. Clark's Fork is formed by Flat Head River and Bitter Root River. The former rises in the Rocky !W*onntains south of Kootanie Pass, flows south through Flat Head Lake, and then turns W. Bitter Root River rises in the Big Hole Mountains, and pursues a northerly course through a magnificent valley between the Bitter Root Mountains and the Rocky Mountains. It receives Blackfoot River and Big Hole River from the east. From the junction of the Flat Head and Bitter Root rivers Clark's Fork flows to the N. W. along the base of the Cceur d'Allene Mountains, passes through Lake Pend d'Oreille, p,nd joins the Columbia near the 49th parallel. The Spokane River rises in the Bitter Root Mountains, flows westward through CcEur d'Allene Lake, and joins the Columbia in 47° 46' N. lat. The Snake River or Lewises Fork, rises in the Wind River Mountains, fiows to the south along the eastern base of the Teton Range, and then passes through a mountain gap between this range and the Bear River Mountains. After its junction with Henry's Fork it flows south-west through the extensive Camas prairie, and is deflected to the west by the rocky plateau in southern Idaho, •which separates it from Humboldt River. In 116° 45' W. long, it turns north, forms the boun- dary between Oregon and Idaho, and passing through south-eastern Washington, empties into the Columbia about 10 miles north of the Old Fort Walla Walla. The Snake is a magnificent stream, marked in many parts of its course by the most impressive mountain scenery. It forma several falls of great dimensions, hardly, if at all, inferior to those of Niagara. The largest afflu- ents are Godin's River, McArthur River, Salmon River, and Clear Water River, all in Idaho ; Paloose River, in south-eastern Washington; and Owyhee River, Malheur River, a,\\(\. Grande Roimde Rivei; in Oregon. Below the junction with Snake River, the Columbia receives the John Day's river, which rises in the Blue Mountains, the Des Chutes or Falls, whicli flows along the eastern base of the Cascade Mountains ; and Willamette River, which traverses a very productive valley in west- ern Oregon, between the Cascade Mountains and the Coast Ranges. The two largest rivers of California, the Sacramento and San Joaquin, empty into the Bay of San Francisco. (See article California.) The Colorado River of the West, which empties into the Gulf of California, is formed by the confluence of the Greene and Grand rivers. The former rises in the Wind River Mountains, the loftiest of the Rocky Mountain ranges of Wyoming, and flows south across the elevated 12 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. plateuu over which passes the Union Pacific 11. R. The Uintah Mountains deflect it to the E. Turning their eastern base it flows again S., through an extensive basin between tlie Wahsatch and the Rocky mountains. Near tlie 38th parallel it joins Grand River. This large stream rises iu the Middle Park of Colorado, breaks through the western range of the Rocky- Mountains, and flows south-west, between tlie Uook and the Elk mountains. From the junction of tlie Green and the Grand rivers, the Colorado pursues its south-westerly course and enters those stupendous chasms in the White Mesa, known as the Great Canyon. At CoUville, in south- eastern Kovada, it emerges from this canyon, and flows due south, passing through valleys and other canyons, until it crosses the low Colorado Desert, and at last mingles its waters with those of tlie Gulf of California. The length of the Colorado from the source of Green River to the Gulf is over 1,000 miles, and it drains a territory of 227,000 square miles. Its western tributaries are email, but the eastern are large streams. The Rio San Juan, or Rio Blanco, rises in the Sierra Mimbres, and has a westerly course. The LiUle Colorado, or Flax River, rises in the Zuni Moun- tains, and flows along the southern margin of the White Mesa, passing, like the parent stream, through deep canyons, Gila River rises in the mountains of south-western New Mexico, and with a tortuous westerly course passes numerous mountain chains and joins the Colorado near the south-western corner of Arizona. 3. The rivers which empty into the Gulf of Mexico drain the great central plain of the United States. The water-shed which divides this region from the drainage systems of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, maybe described as follows : Beginning in southern NewMexico, it trends north- ward along the mountain ranges which border the vallej- of the Rio Grande and the South Park on the west. It then crosses to the east, and sweeping around the Middle Park, again follows the west- ern chain of the Rocky Mountains, as far north as the 45th parallel, where it turns east ai-ound the head-waters of Missouri River. From the 46tli parallel it trends north-west along the crest of the eastern cliain of the Rocky Mountains. The northern water-shed which divides the afliu- ents of the Mississippi from thoso of Lake Winnepeg and the Great Lakes, trends through Dako- tah, passes between Lake Traverse and Rig Stone Lake, follows the Height of Land in northern Iktinnesota, and then passes through Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, not far distant from the southern shores of Lakes Michigan and Erie. Tlie eastern water-shed passes through the undulating plateau of wester.i Pennsjdvania, then follows the Alleghany Mountains to Great Kanawha River, where it crosses over to the Blue Ridge. It follows this range through Virginia and North Carolina, and leaving it near the head-waters of Savannah River, it trends South through Georgia and Florida. This immense territory, the limits of which are indicated by the lines thus sketched, exceeds the area of western Europe, and comprises the most favored and productive region of the United States. The great streams which traverse it are navigable for immense distances, and afi'ord the most extensive network of water communication on the globe. The largest of these rivers is the 3Ilsslssippl, which, rising near the northern boundary of the United States, intersects this area from north to south, iu such a manner that two-thirds is west and one-third east of its channel. Its source lies iii northern Minnesota, on the Height of Land, at an elevation of 1,630 feet, and at a distance in a straight line of 1,295 miles from its mouth, while the length of the river is 2,616 miles. It drains an area of 1,244,000 square miles. Several of its tributaries are rivers of the first class in point of magnitude, and discharge the drainage from the Appalachian Mountains in the east, and the Rocky Mountains in the west, into the parent stream. The principal tributaries from the east are the Wisconsin River, the Illinois River, the Ohio River, which is formed by the junction of the Monongahela and Alleghany rivers, at Pitts- burgh, and receives numerous large affluents, as the Muskingum, Sciolo, Miami, Wabash, the Great Kenawha, Kenlucky Cumberland, &n(\ Tennessee Rivers ; tho Yazoo River iind the Rig Black River, The principal western tributaries of the Mississippi are the J/tnrtesoZa River, the Bes Moines River, which intersects Iowa ; the Missouri River, which rises in the Rocky Mountains of Montana and greatly exceeds in length the Mississippi River above its junction, being 2,908 miles long, and which receives such largo streams as the Yelloiu Stone, tlie Platle, the Kansas and the Osage ; the Arkansas River, rising among the Rocky Mountains of Colorado ; and the Red River, rising on the Llano Estacado. The streams emptying into the Gulf west of tUe Mississippi are those which intersect Texas, as tho Sabine, Trinity, Brazos, Colorado, Neuces ; and the Rio Grande, which forms the boundary between Texas and Mexico. The latter rises in the San Juan Mountains, flows through tho San Luis Park, in New Mexico, and pursues a southerly course to the 33d parallel. Thence it turns Bouth-east, and empties into the Gulf south of the Laguna Madre and near the small village of Bagdad. Its largest tributary is tho Pecos River. To the east of the Mississippi the following rivers empty into the Gulf of Mexico: the Mobile River, formed by the junction of the Alabama and Tombigbee rivers; the Alabama, formed by the Cahawba and Coosa rivers, which unite above Montgomery; the Appalachicola Jtiver, formed by the junction of the Chattahoochee fin(\ Flint rivers, the Suwanee River, which rises iu southern Georgia and intersects northern Florida. THE ri<^ (Dec.) 73 (July.) 21i^ San Francisco, Cal 55 51 (Doc.) 59 (Oct.) 8 Sacramento, Cal 5S.7 43.5 (Dec.) 74.8(.July.) 31.3 Puget Sound, Wash 51 39.8 (Feb.) 65.7 (June.) 2ii.9 Places on or near the sea-shore have a more uniform temperature than those farther inland. The cause of this must be sought in the cold ocean current washing the coast from north to south the influence of which does not extend beyond the Coast Ranges. From-November to April north-westerly winds prevail untnteruptedly, and as they reach the overheated valleys they rather absorb than precipitate moisture. The rainy season is charac- terized by southerly and south-easterly Avinds, whose moisture is condensed in their passage over the land, as this is at that season of the year colder than the sea. The low plains and the Coast Ranges of California and Oregon are destitute of forests. In the vicinity of the ocean, where the moisture is not too rapidly evaporated, pines and oaks are found, as the Pinus coul- ter!, P. sabiniana (the digger or silver puie), the Monterey pine and others ; but the heavy forests occur only in the higher portions of the Sierra Nevada and the Cascade Mountains, which are exposed to the sea winds and condense their moisture. These forests are chiefly composed ol pines, of which twenty-eight species are known. From 2,800 feet to 4,700 feet above the sea ever- green oaks are mixed with the pines, but the higher forest region presents almost exchisively coniferous trees; and here grow those gigantic mammoth pines (Sequoia gigantea), the redwood, etc., which are so famous for their extraordinary dimensions. V. POPUIiATION. The total population of the United States, according to the ninth census (1870), is 38,S.i3,217, and leaving out the Indian tribes, 38,555,983. There are but four of the great empires of the world exceeding this in number of inhabitants, to wit: 1. The Chinese Empire, 477,500,000 inhabi- tants. 2. The British Empire, 174,200,000 inhabitants. 3. The Russian Empire, 76,500,0OJ. 16 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Inhabitants. 4. The German Empire, 40,200,000 inhabitants. France and Austria have each abont 30,000,000 inliabitants, and arc next to tlie United States in population. But in rapid increase of population our country surpasses all others, and must hold for many decades the foremost rank, as there is none that approaches it in natural wealth and resources. The following table Is based upon the official reports of the decennial census : Increase in Year. Population. 10 years, 1790 3,9:;9,214 percent. 1800 ; 5,30S.4S3 35.02 1810 7,2:j8,881 36.45 1S20 9,033,822 33.13 1830 12,866,020 33.19 1840 17.069,4.53 32.07 IS-W 23,191,876 35..S7 1860 31,443.321 35.59 1870 38,555,983 22.64 According to the tables submitted to the Statistical Congress at Berlin, in 1863, by Sami^el B. Rugglcs : The United States increased in 60 years (1S00-18G0) .593 per cent. England and Wales " 60 " (1801-1861)121 " Russia " 45 " (1816-1861) 79 " Franco " 60 " (1801-1801) 37 " The efficient causes of progress of population are annexation, immigration, and natural Increase (the excess of births over deaths). The first of these factors has contributed but little. Louisiana, when purchased, had 77,000 inhabitants; Florida, about 10,000; California and New Mexico, about 60,000 ; Texas and Oregon mainly brought back into the Union citizens who had emigrated thither but a short time before. Of far greater importance has been and will certainly be hereafter, the second factor. Immigration, which, though partially arrested by the civil Avar, has expanded to the largest dimensions since the return of peace. Moreover, the character of the immigrants has materially improved, as the intelligent and moneyed classes of Europe have become more interested in our extraordinary resource^. America is no longer looked upon in foreign countries as a refuge for oppressed labor, but rather as a field for commercial and indus- trial enterprise, promising greater results than the combination ol capital and labor can realize elsewhere. Nearly 10,000,000 of our population are foreigners or descendants of foreigners. It has been estimated that the population in 1850 would have been about 22,000,000 if all Immigi-ation had been arrested at the time ©f the Declaration of Independence. The population of the colonies at the commencement of the Revolutionary war was probably not far from 3,000,000 ; and the arrival of immigrants, previous to the enactment of the passenger act of March 2, 1819, amounted to about 250,000. Since that period the stream of immigration has steadily increased. The total number of iminigrants who arrived between October 1, 1819, and December 31, 1870, was 7,5.53,865. Includ- ing the 250,000 already here before October, 1819, the total number of aliens permanently added to our population by direct immigration since the establishment of the government will reach .,803,865. It is obvious that this large influx of labor, partly skilled, partly unsldlled, adds a large amount to the total wealth of the nation, however difficult it maybe to estimate this value in dollars and cents. Mr. Fr. Kapp, member of the German Parliament, assumes the average value of each immigrant to be $1,125. Mr. Edward Young, the able chief of the Bureau of Statistics, deems $1,000 as somewhat too large. The question is yet unanswered; but if we accept $800 as being about the value of an immigrant, inclusive of the average amount in cash ho brings with him, then the addition to the wealth of the country by immigration to 1871 reaches the stupendous sum of .$6,243,092 000. 1 he following table by countries exhibits the total number of alien passengers arrived in the United States to December 31, 1870 : Portugal 4,695 Italy, including Sardinia and Sicily 26,786 Russia 4,015 Poland 4,038 British America 284,491 Mexico 20,152 Central America 1,064 West Indies 5(1.2,50 South America 7,'>U Azores (i.8S5 China 109,502 All other countries not specified 492,215 Aggregate 7,^03,865 England 516,192 Ireland 2,700,493 Scotland 84,623 Wales 12,435 Great Britain (not specified) 544,107 Total from British Isles 3,8.57,850 Germany, including Prussia 2,36S, is;j Austria 9,398 Sweileu and Norway 1.53,928 Denmark 23,425 Holland 31,118 Switzerland 61,572 Belgium 17,278 France, 24.5,812 Spain 23,214 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 17 Tlie population is distributed among the states and territories as follows ; States and Territories. M O'^'X. Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut Delaware Florida « Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts. . . . Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire. New Jersey New York North Carolina. . Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania ... Rhode Island South Carolina.. Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia West Virginia. . . Wisconsin Total of States 1,984,467 Alaska Arizona Colorado Dakota District of Columbia.. Idaho Indian Montana New Mexico Utah Washington Wyoming W 3 feS-.o' Area in sq. Population Population Increase In >9po miles. 1870. 1860. ten years. U~ 50,722 996,993 964,201 32,791 P 3 19.66 52,198 484,471 435,450 49,021 11 9.30 188,981 560,244 379,994 180,253 47 2.29 4,750 537,454 460,147 77,307 17 113.15 2,120 125,015 112,216 12,799 11 5S.97 50,268 187,748 140,424 47,324 34 3.17 58,000 1,184,109 1,057,286 126,823 12 20.42 55,410 2,539,891 1,711,951 827,940 48 45.84 33,809 1,686,637 988,416 692,221 24 49.71 55,045 1,191,702 674,913 516,789 177 21.69 81,318 364,399 107,206 257,193 240 4.48 37,680 1,321,011 1,155,684 165,337- 14 a5.33 41,346 726,915 517,002 209,913 41 17.58 35,000 626,915 628,279 —1,364 -0.2 17.91 11,124 780,894 687,049 93,845 • 14 70.20 7,800 1,457,351 1,231,066 226,285 13 186.84 56,451 1,181,059 749,113 434,946 58 20.97 83,531 439,706 172,023 267,683 156 5.26 47,156 827,922 791,305 36,617 5 17.56 65,350 1,721,295 1,182,012 539,283 31 26.34 75.995 122,993 28,841 94,1.52 324 1.62 104,125 42,491 6,857 85 634 520 0.41 9,280 318,300 326,073 -7,773 2 34.30 8,320 906,096 672,035 234,061 35 108.91 47,000 4,382,759 3,880,7.35 502,024 13 93.25 50,704 1,071,361 992,622 78,739 8 21.13 39,964 2,665,260 2,339,511 325,749 14 66.69 95,274 90,923 52,465 38,458 73 0.95 46,000 3,521,791 2,906,215 615,576 21 76.56 1,306 217,353 174,620 42,733 24 166.43 34,000 705,606 703,708 1,898 0.3 20.75 45,600 1,258,520 1,109,801 604,215 148,719 13 27.60 274,356 818,579 214,864 35 2.98 10,212 330,551 315,098 15,453 5 32.37 38,348 23,000 1,225,163 442,014 1,596,318 I 70,858 4 81.95 19.22 53,924 1,054,670 775,881 278,789 36 19.56 1,984,467 38,113,253 31,183,744 6,929,509 22 19.21 577,390 ..•• .... 113,916 104,.'i00 9,658 .... 0.03 39,864 34,277 5,587 16 0.38 150,932 14,181 4,837 9,344 187 0.09 64 131,700 75,080 56,620 75 2057.81 86,294 14,999 0.17 71,000 143,776 20,595 b.ii 121,201 91,874 93,516 1,642 i.5 0.76 84,476 86,786 40,273 46,513 116 1.03 69,994 23,955 11,594 12,361 112 0.34 97,883 9,118 0.09 183,153 70 0.27 Total Of Territories 1,619,417 442,730 259,577 Total of United States 3,603,884 38,555,983 31,443,.321 7,112,662 22^.^ 13. The table shows how very unequal has been the increase in the different divisions of the coun- try. It has exceeded 100 per cent, in some of the new states and territories— Nevada, Nebraska, Kansas, Minnesota, Dakota, Utah, and Washington. It has been less than 100 per cent., and more Wian 50, in Iowa, Michigan, Oregon, andtlie District of Columbia. The increase lias been still less in those older states which have attained a comparatively high degree of development, and pos- sess a dense population, i. e., a large number of inhabitants to eacli square mile of area, as Mary- land, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Virginia, and others. The increase in the former slave states has been small, averaging but 17 per cent. Only four of them— Florida, Lou- isiana, Missouri and Texas— have grown more than 30 per cent., as they offered extraordinary inducements to immigrants, in the riclmess of their natural resources and the sparsity of their populations. The rate of increase of the New England states has been less than that of the United States at large. Maine and New Hampshire have slightly fallen off in population, although they liave only eighteen and thirty -five inhabitants respectively to the square mile. Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island are the most densely inhabited portions of the country, having respectively 182,114, and 167 inhabitants to the square mile ; but their increase hao been small, averaging but 18 per cent. 2 18 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Four of the Ave races into which the human family is ordinarily divlcTea are represented In the population of the United States— the Indian, the Ethiopian, the Mongolian, and the Caucasian races ; or, classified by color— the Red, the Black, the Yellow, and the White races. The total number of Indians was, according to the last census, 383,712. Of these 25,731 were living as brolten bands in many of the states, sustaining no tribal relations ; 96,366 were upon government reservations and under agencies ; and 231,740 roamed as nomads over the thinly settled parts of the West. The Ethiopians or Negroes were imported into the colonies as slaves, previous to the Declaration of Independence. In 1790 they numbered 757,313 souls, 59,446 of whom were then free. In 1850 they had increased to 3,638,762, inclusive of the various shades of colorea persons and ten years later, to 4,441,756, of whom 487,990 were free and .JsorJews constitute the only Semitic element in our popuhUion but their n^^^^^ cannot be ascertained, as they are not enumerated in any official count or repoit. If, l^oj^ver, SnumlSistotheentireUpulatlonotthecountryasisthenimibcr^ to the total of church accommodations in the country, then the Jews may be estim.Ued to exceed 75,000 and to fall below 100,000. .» „,.,-,t,.iiint«v1 Of the iryan race-branch the Germanic and Celtic nationalities have almost alone contiibute J^^o "-^^o : STrEs* Alabama 5,062,204 15.6 $ 67,739...$ 26,690...$ 67,.522 *4,670 Arizona :••• 14,585 0.02 161... 14;i... 27H 9 Arkansas 1,859,821 5.5 40,029... 17,223... 40,702 3,844 California 6,218,133.>» 5.1 141,240... 37,965... 49,a% 6,112 Colorado 9.5,.'594 0.14 3,385... 2,871... 2,3.35 252 Connecticut 1,646.752 35.0 124,241... 17,515... 26,482 4,882 Dakota 42,645 0.04 2.085... 780... 496 22 Delaware 698,115 51.3 46,712... 4,257... 8,172 997 District of Columbia , 8,266 23.6 3,800... 115... 320 Florida 736,172 1.9 9,947... 5,212... 8,910 521 Geor«-ia 6,831,856 18.4 94,559... 80,156... 80,390 G,854 Irtalio 26,603 0.01 492... 521... 638 58 Illinois 19,.329,952 54.8 920,506... 149,757... 200,861 .50,789 Indiana.'. 10,104,279 46.7 6U^i... 83,777... 122,914 30,247 Iowa 9,396,467 26.6 392,662... 82,987... 114,386 2.i,781 Kansas' 1,971,003 3.9 90,327... 23,173... 27,631 41.56 Kentucky 8,10,3,850 33.6 311,238... 00,287... 87,477 241,22 Louisiana 2,045,640 7.7 68,24.5... 15,929... 52,007 818 Maine 2,917,793 14.6 102,961... 23,357... 33,470 4,9.39 Maryland 2,914 007 40.1 170,369... 18,434... 3.5,344 4,021 Massacliusetts 1,736,221 36.2 116,432... 17,049... 32,192 4,325 Michio-an 5,096,939 14.1 398,240... 49,810... 81,509 11,712 Minnesota 2,322,102 4.3 97,847... 20,119... 33,446,.... 3,077 Mississippi 4,209,146 13.9 81,716... 29,940... 73,138 4,091 Missouri 9,130,615 21. B 392,908... 84,285... 103,036 23,627 Montana. 34,674 0.^.0 729... 1,819... 1,677 169 Nebraska 647,031 0.8 30,242... 6,.').51... 8,605 855 Neyada 9-l,iJU 0.3 1,485... 1,445... 1,660 104 New Hampshire 2,3.34,487 39.0 80,.589... 15,246... 22,474 3,720 New Jersey 1,976,474 41.2 267,i523... 21,443... 42,725 6,982 New Mexico 143,007 0.18 2,260... 2,389... 1,905 225 New York 15,627,206 48.4 1,272,858... 75,883... 2.5.3,.526 28,226 North Carolina 5,258,742 16.2 78,211... 21,994... 57,846 7,983 Ohio 14,469,133 56.5 1,0.>4,46.5... 120,301... 198,257 40,498 OreKoii'..'. 1,116,290 1.8 22,3.53... 6,829... 7,123 1,366 Pennsylvania 11,1)15,965 .39.0 1,043,482... 115,647... 183,946 28,413 Rhode Island 289,630 43.3 21,.574... 3,135... 4,761 756 South Carolina 3,010,539 13.8 41,809... ]2,443... 41,909 2,.507 Tennessee 6,843,278 23.5 218,744... 55,084.. 86,473 15,856 Texas 2,964,836 1.7 60,150... 37,425... 491,85 4,835 Utah'"' 118,755 0.2 2,798... 2,1.50... 1,973 172 Vermont 3,073,2.57 47.3 139,367... 23,889... 34,647 4,321 Virciuia 8,165,040 31.1 213,021... 28,188... 51,775 8,376 Washington 192,016 0.1 3,878... 2,103... 2,112 293 West Virsiuia 2,580,2.54 19.8 101,004... 17,175... 23.380 4,915 Wisconsin 5,899,343 17.1 300,414... 45,311... 78,027 11,915 Wyoming 338 0.0 18... 442... 43 12 In 1870 there were in the United States 2,659,935 farms, which had an average extent of about 150 acres. Over one-half of the farms covered from 20 to 100 acres. According to the classifica- iion of the census report, 0.3 per cent of all the farms were below 3 acres ; 6.4 per cent, hail from 3 to 10 acres ; 11.1 per cent., from 10 to 20 acres ; 31.9 per cent., from 20 to 50 acres ; 28.3 per cent., from 50 to 100 acres ; 21.2 per cent., from 100 to 500 acres ; 0.6 per cent., from 500 to 1,000 acres ; and but 0.2 per cent, more than 1,000 acres. The average size of farms lias considerably decreased since 1800 ; except in Wisconsin , whore no change has taken place ; in Massacliusetts, where it has increased from 94 to 103 acres ; and in California, where it has ri.sen from 466 to 482 acres. In North Carolina it has decreased from 316 to 212 acres ; in Soutli Carolina, from 4SS to 233 ; in Mississippi, from 370 to 103 ; in Texas, from 591 to .301. In the central states the decrease is less marked ; and was from 146 to 128, in Illinois j from 114 to 111, in Ohio ; from 211 to 158, in Kentucky, and from 165 to 134, in Iowa. Irrir/alion.— That portion of the United States wliieh includes the Cordilleras and the Great Plains, suffers, as has been stated, from eitlier scarcity or absence of moisture. Agriculture there will always be impossible, except in favored spots, which admit of irrigation from the rivers and creeks. But even in the most favored states of tlie Mississippi valley irrigation would bo exceedingly profitable. The yield of meadows would thereby be doubled and trebled, and that of the grain flelds at least greatly increased. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 25 Thegi-eat staples of the United States are the cereals— corn, wheat, rye, oats, and barley ; pota- toes, rice, tobacco, cotton, wool, and dairy products. Indian Corn, or Maize, is the only cereal indigenous to the American continent, and is the most extensively cultivated food-plant of the United States. It requires gi-eat summer heat, and hence our climate is peculiarly adapted to its culture. The northern limit maj^ be represented by the summer isotherm of 65°, which excludes northern Maine, Minnesota, and Wisconsm, the valley of the St. Lawrence, and the larger portion of the Pacific coast. Its yield varies from 30 to 80 bushels to the acre. The total product amounted in 1S70 to 760,94-1,549 bushels. Illinois pro- duced over one-sixth of the whole amount ; Iowa, Missouri, and Ohio, each a little over one- twelfth ; and then followed Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Wheat reauii-es a cooler climate than corn, and its range extends farther north, but not as far south. It is, on the east of the Rocky Mountains, a reliable crop as far as the Saskatchawan val- ley, in 54° lat., and on the Taciflc coast as high as 60° lat. The average yield, with careful culti- vation and good soil, is about 30 bushels to the acre. Forty bushels is considered an extraordi- nary crop, but in the irrigated region of Utah and Colorado a yield of 60 bushels is not excep- tional. In 1870 there were produced in the United States 112,549,733 bushels of spring whe/it, and 175,195,893 of winter wheat ; together, about 288,000,000 bushels. Iowa, AVisconsin, Minnesota, Cali- fornia, and Illinois produced the largest quantities of spring wheat ; Ohio, Indiana, Pennsyl- vania, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, and New York, of winter wheat. Bye is a much hardier plant than wheat, and is cultivated mostly in the extreme northern or the more elevated pai-ts of the country. Its cultivation is much less profitable than that of wheat. The total yield in 1870 was 16,918,795 bushels, of which Pennsylvania, New York, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Kentucky produced the largest amount. The cereal, Oats, is so well adapted to either cold or warm climates, that it maybe cultivated in nearly every portion of our country. It produces from 30 to 80 bushels to the acre. The jdeld in 1870 was 282,107,157 bushels, which were raised chiefly in the Northern and Middle states, as Illi- nois, Pennsylvania, New York, Ohio, Iowa, Missouri, and Minnesota. Barley also is a product of the north, and is almoist exclusively used for the manufacture of malt beer. It yielded in 1870, 29,961,305 bushels, the greater portion of which was produced in California and New Vork. The product of the cereals, from 1859 to 1870, was as follows 1850. 1860. 1867. 1870. Corn 592,071,104 838,792,742 768,520,000 7R0 944 ,^9 Wheat 100,425,944 173,104,924 212,441.400 187 745 626 Rye 14,188,813 21,101,380 23,184,000 . le'gisVjo Barley 5,162,015 13,826,093 25,727,000 29!76l'305 Oats 146,584,179 172,643,185 27S,798,000 282 107157 Buckwheat 8,956,912 17,571,818 21,359,000 9,821,721 Aggregates 867,888,9(57 1,237,040,147 1,330 029,400 1,287,299,153 The money value of the 1,330,029,400 bushels of cereals produced in 1867 is ofllcially stated by the Department of Agriculture to be $1,248,037,000. The area of cereals, in acres, is reported by the same department as follows : 1867. 1870. Corn 34,091,137 AVlieat 19,943,893 Rye 1069,531 Barley 1,177,666 Oats 8,365,809 Buckwheat 413 915 Com 32,520,249 Wheat 18,321,561 Rye 1,689,275 Barley 1,131,217 Oats 10,746,416 Buckwheat 1,327,826 The lai-ge crops of 1870 were produced by the farming population of over thirty-eight millions of inhabitants, being at the rate of 33 bushels a head for the whole population. If it is correct to assume that eight bushels of cereals are sufficient to support one person for one year, the United States had a surplus of 25 bushels per inliabitaut for exportation or an aggregate of J ,000 millions of bushels. A very large portion of this surplus, however, was fed to swine and other animals, and reappeared in the form of animal food, while a not inconsiderable quantity was distilled into whisky and other spirituous liquors, or converted into starch, etc. The total production of cereals is on an average more than twice as large for each inhabitant of the United States, as it is in Europe. TMs enormous production is in great measure owing to the numerous machines for sowing, planting, reaping, threshing', and preparing the grain for mar- ket, which are the result of the inventive genius of the American people, saving the labor and taking the place of millions of men ; and that, too, at seasons of the year when men in sufficient numbers could not be obtained. The number of reaping machines actively employed in 1860 was estimated by Mr. John Stanton Gould at 210,000, a number which since then must have greatly ijicreased. Rice is pre-eminently the grain of the subtropical zone. It requires a great deal of moisture, 26 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. and can he cultivated only on fields which are subject to inundation, either natural or nrtiflcial. Rico culture is doscrihed thus: " A sluice is cut through the river hanks, and the fields, being first inclosed in a levee, are flooded. The land is plowed and flooded in March, and as soon as the young plants appear, they are submerged in water, so regulated as to keep their heads just above the surface. AVhen the grain has matured, the fields are laid drj', and the crop is gathered. The yield is from 30 to 60 bushels per acre, but under favorable conditions rises as high as 90 bushels," Kice was Introduced in to Virginia early in the seventeenth century, and fifty years later into the Carolinas. It is also cultivated now along the coasts of Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. The total crop in the United States was 80,841,42i pounds, in 1840; 215,31 1', 710, in 1850, 187,167,032, in 18(i0; and 73,635,021, in 1870. The great decrease in its production for the last decade i3 owing to the civil war. During this war labor was entirely disorganized ; flood-gates, dx'ains, Canals and l)arns were destroyed, and Mhen peace returned rice culture had well nigh ceased. In ISCO rice to the value of $2,507,309 was exported ; in 1870 the export had fallen to $127,6.55. Ibbucco is indigenous in America, and was first introduced into Europe by Sir Walter Raleigh. Since then the consumption has enormously increased, so that its culture has extendetl to every part of the civilized world where the conditions of soil ami climate are favorable to its growth. The tobacco crop in the United States for 1840 was 219,163,319 pounds ; for 1830, 199,752,646 pounds ; for 1800, 434,209,641 pounds ; and for 1870, 262,73.5,341 pounds. Over forty per cent, of this qiiantity was raised in Kentucky (viz. : 105,305,809 pounds). Virginia, Tennessee, Ohio, Maryland, Missouri, and North Carolina produced 44 per cent.; Avhilo the remainder was produced chiefly In Con- necticut, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, New I'ork, Pennsylvania, and AVest A''irginia. Sugar-cane (Saccharum ofBcinarum) is a tropical plant, and its cultivation in the United States is almost entirely confined to the Mississippi delta in Louisiana. It is very sensitive to frost, so that, if the juice becomes frozen, tlie sacharine matter contained therein will not crystallize into sugar. In the West Indies the cane is a perennial plant ; in Louisiana the crops are gathered from one planting. The quantity of sugar produced on an acre varies greatly, according to the quality of soil and care of cultivation. The crop of ISGO in the United States jaelded 230,982 hogsheads of sugar, of 1,000 poinids each, and 14,963,998 gallons of molasses; in 1870, 87,043 hogs- heads of sugar and 6,593,323 gallons of molasses. During the latter year sugar and molasses were im- ported to the amount of nearly $72,000,000, being little less than the total value of exports during the same year, of corn, wheat, and flour. It is not likely that the limited area fit for cane culture will ever produce more than a small portion of the amount annually consumed in our countrj', and hence the introduction of the beet-sugar industry would be of great advantage to our pros- perity. That this can be done is shown by actual experiments successfully made in various places. Sorghwn {Hovghnm saccharatum) is raised in the Mississippi valloj', and yielded in 1870, 16,050,059 gallons of molasses ; but only twenty-four hog.sheads of sugar. The product of maple trees was 28,443,645 pounds of sugar and 921,057 gallons of molasses. Collon is the great staple of the Southern states. Two varieties are cultivated— the upland and the sea island cotton. Tlxe former grows under favorable conditions as far north as the 40th parallel, but as a commercial crop it is limited by a line which coincides with the northern boundary of Mississippi, sweeps aroiind the base of the Appalachians through Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina, and then turns north to Kaleigh and south-eastern Virginia. Beyond the Mississippi its culture extends up the lower valleys of the Red, Arkansas, and White rivers. The sea-island variety is raised on the low fcrtde islands of the South Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Its value is five or six times as great as that of the upland. In 1792 the question was seriously discussed in England, whether the L^'nited States would ever produce one hundred bales of cotton. Subsequently the inventive genius of Eli Whitney con- quered for this plant a place among the principal staples of the world, second only to the cereal grasses. His cotton gin, which separates the flber from the seed, rendered it possible to prepare even the largest crops for the loom. In 1800 the whole product amounted to 100,000 bales of 400 pounds each ; in 1824,to .509,1.58 bales; In 1830, to 976,845 bales; in 1840, to 2,12S,8,S0 bales; in 1850, to 2,445,793 and in 1860, to 5,196,940. The war brought this branch of industry almost to a standstill ; nor has the recovery been very rapid since. In 1866 the crop was almost 2,000,000 bales; in 1867, 2,.500, 000 bales; and in 1870,3,011,990 bales, which were produced chiefly in Mississippi, Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, the Carolinas, and Tennesee. For years to come the production will not, in the opinion of the Commissioner of Agriculture, reach the quantity before the war, and the average value will not exceed 300,000,000 dollars. The Potato is hardly of less importance than corn or wheat. It is a native of America, and has been found growing wild in Chili and Ecuador, but is now cultivated in nearly all parts of the temperate zone. Its climatic range is very wide, as it is successfully grown from Alabama and Georgia to the shores of the Great Lakes, and even of Hudson Bay. The average yield Is below two hundred bushels to the acre, though crops of four hundred bushels are not rare under favorable conditions of soil and season, lu 1870 the United States produced 143,337,473 bushels, chiefly in New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, and Wisconsin. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 27 The Sweet Potato is a native of the East Indies and tropical America ; and is in the United States cliiefly cultivated in the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama, Arkansas, and Texas. The crop in 1870 was '21,709,824 bushels. Fiax and Hemp were cultivated in the United States at an early date ; but they are now in great measure superseded by cotton. The hemp crop yielded, in 1870, 12,576 tons, eleven-twelfths of wliich were produced in Kentucky and Missouri. Flax yielded in the same year 27,133,003 pounds, two-thirds of which were produced in New York. The Hay crop of the country is of great value ; but from its weight and bulk it does not form an important Item in the list of exports. lu 1850 there were produced 23,838,642 tons ; in 1860 19,083,898 tons, and in 1870, 27,316,048 tons. The following states produced from one to between live and six millions of tons each: New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio, Iowa, Indiana, Mich- Igan, Wisconsin, Maine, and Vermont. The Southern states receive from the Northern large quantities of hay in the form of compressed bales. Butler, Clieese, and Milk are produced chiefly in the Northern states, and of these New York la far in advance of all others. The subjomed table shows the increase of dairy produce during the three last decades : 1850. 1860. 1870. Butter 313,345,306 459,681,372 514,092,083 pounds. Cheese 105,535,893 103,603,927 53,492,1.53 pounds. Milk(sold) 235,500,599 gals. The production of Wool has progressed remarkably both as regards quantity and quality. In 1850 the aggregate product was about 52,000 000 pounds ; in 1860,60,000,000, and in 1870, 100,000,000. Ohio .with twenty and a half millions, surpasses all the other states ; California follows with eleven millions; New York, with ten millions ; Michigan, with eight millions. Vermont excels in producing wool of the very finest quality . The production of Silk is still in its infancy in the United States. The census for 1870 reports 3,937 pounds of silk cocoons, which were produced almost entirely in California. Here the mul- berry (Morns alba, and M. moretti) grows well in proper situations ; but whether the raising of Bilk -worms can be successfully carried on with the high price of labor is doubtful. IX. MANUFACTURES. The manufacturing industry of the United States progresses at the most extraordinary rate, and keeps pace with the development of the natural resources of the country. New branches are constantly added to those already in successful operation, and nearly all the commodities that enter into the consumption of a civilized nation are produced within our borders. In 1870 there were 252,148 manufacturing establishments, employing 1,215,711 horse-power of steam engines, 1,130,431 horse-power of water wheels, and 2,053,998 liands, of whom 1,615,598 were males above 16 years of ago, and 323,770 females above 15 years of age. The capital invested was $2,118,208,769 ; the raw material consumed had a value of $2,488,427,242 ; the wages paid amounted to $775,584,343 ; and the value of the products was $1,232,325,442. Deducting Irom this enormous amount the cost of raw materials, the profit realized by the manufacturing industry during the year was $1,743,898,200, or $45,25 per head to the population. The increase of this great branch of industry dui'ing the last decade has been unprecedented. The subjoined table exhibits the industrial statistics ; the states being arranged in the order Of the value of the annual products : tsTATTT'^ Capital iu- blAiJ^b. vested. New York $366,994,320 Pennsylvania . . , . 408,821,845 Massachusetts..., 231,677,862 Ohio 141-»923,964 Missouri 80,257,244 Illinois 94,368,057 New Jersey 79,606,719 Connecticut 95,281,278 Michigan 71,712,283 Ilhode Island 68,5.57,322 Ind iana 52,052,425 Maine 39,798, 190 Wisconsin 41.981,872 Maryland 36,438,729 New Hampshire., 36,023,743 California 39,728,202 Kentucky 29,277,809 Iowa 22,420,183 Virginia 18,455,400 Tennessee 15,599,295 Vermont 20,329,637 Georgia 13,930,125 Louisiana 18,313,974 West Virginia.,.. 11,084,520 Value of annual products. $785,194,6.51 711,894,314 553,912,568 269,713,610 206,213,429 205,620,672 169,237,732 161,065,474 118,394,676 111,418,3.54 108,617,278 79,497,521 77,214,326 78,.593,613 71,038,249 68,.594,556 54,625,809 46,.534,322 38,384,322 34,362,636 32,184,806 31,196,115 24,181,905 ai,102,201 STATES. vested. Minnesota $11,993,729 North Carolina... 8,140,473 Delaware 10,839,093 Capital in- Value of annual Nevada. Alabama Kansas Texas South Carolina. . . Dist. of Columbia Mississippi Oregon Nebraska Florida Arkansas Colorado Washington Montana Utah New Mexico Idaho Wyoming Arizona Dakota 5,127,790 5,714,032 4,31. ',060 5,284,110 5,400,418 5,021,925 4,-501,714 4,876,849 2,169,963 1,679,930 1,782,913 2,835,605 1,893,674 1,794,300 1,391,898 1,450,895 742,300 8,89,400 1,50,700 79,200 product. $23,110,700 19,021,327 10,206,397 15,870,539 13,040,644 11,775,.S33 11, .517,302 9,858,981 9,292,173 8,154,758 6,419,756 5,738,512 4,685,403 4,629,234 2,852,820 2,851,052 2,494,.51I 2,343,019 1,489,863 1,047,824 785,424 185,410 178,570 28 THE UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA. The manufacture of Cotton Ooods is one of the oldest hranches of industry in the United State?. It properly began with the erection of the first water frame for spinning, in Rhode Island, in 1790 ; but since then it has increased even more rapidly than the production of the raw mate- rial. In 1850 there were employed 3,633,693 spindles ; and the total product had a value of $05,501,- C87. Ten years later the number of spindles in operation was 5,235,727, and the value of products, $115,681,774. By 1870 the spindles had increased to 7,132,415, and the value of products to $177,489,739 ; of which Massachusetts produced one-third, or $59,493,153. The states next in rank, us regards the production of cotton goods, Avere Khode Island, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Maine, and New Jersey. The Printed Cotton andWoollen Ooods had a value of $54,440,044. The value of Woolen Ooods in 1870 was $155,405,358, against $61,894,986 in 1860, and $43,207,545 in 1850, The leading states in this branch ot industry were Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Maine. The census report enumerates fifteen different articles manufac- tured in this country, among which flannels, cloths, cassimeres, blankets, tweeds, and twills occupied the first places. The manufacture of Silk Goods has doubled during the last decade. The census for 1860 returned for the total value of products, $6,607,771 ; and the census of 1870, $12,210,662. In the former year the production was limited to sewing silk and twist : in the latter there were manufactured 1,026,422 yards of silk goods, 3,224,264 yards of sUk ribbon, 370,031 pounds of machine silk, and 127,590 pounds of spool silk. The value of Hosiery produced in 1850 was but $1,028,102 ; in 1860 $7,280,606 ; and in 1870, $18,411,564. The manufacture of Carpels shows also a remarkable increase, producing the following values : in 1850, $5,401,234 ; in 1860, $7,857,636 ; and in 1870, $21,761,573. Ready-made Clothing is manufactured principally in New England, New York, and Pennsylva- nia. The value in 1850 was $40,678,802 ; in 1860, $64,002,975 ; and in 1870, $147,650,378. In the produe- tion of Cast Iron were invested in 1870, $67,578,961, and the raw materials consumed, as pig-iron, scrap-iron, and coal, had a value of $48,222,550 ; while the value of products amounted to $09,843,213, against $36,132,033 in 1860, and $25,108,1,55 in 1850. New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Massachusetts are the leading states in this branch of industry. Boots and Shoes were manufactured to the amount of $181,644,090 in 1870, against $91,889,298 in 1860. The manufacture of Machinery has more than doubled within the last decade. In 1870 the pro- ducts had a value of $138,519,248, and in 1860, $51,887,266. Pennsylvania, New York, Ohio, and Massa- chusetts are the foremost machine-producing states. Sawed Lumber, including sliingles, staves, etc., was produced in 1860 to the value of $96,715,851, and in 1870, of $210,1.59,327, chiefly in Pennsylvania, New York, Michigan, and Maine. The Tanned Leather manufacture in 1870 had a value of $86,109,833, and the Curried Leather, of $54,192,017. The production of Brick and Tile increased from $11,263,147 in 1860 to $29,302,016 in 1800, and is most extensively carried on in New York and Pennsylvauia. The Carpenters and Builders trade added to the national wealth the large sum of $132,901,432, and the value of Furniture was $68,- 522,221, and of Glass, $19,235,862. No branch of manufacture grows more rapidly than that of Agricultural Implements. Tho products in 1850 had a value of $6,842,611 : in 1860, of $17,487,900 ; and in 1870, of $52,060,875. The census report for the last year enumerates 21,790 corn-planters, 88,740 cultivators, 19,772 fanning mills, 103,646 grain cradles, 207,310 dozen of hand rakes, 9,150 harrows, 3,566 harvesters, 1,298,200 hay forks, 80,619 horse rakes, 39,436 mowers, 60,388 reapers, 59,645 mowers and reapers combined, 864,947 plows , 2,931 thrashers, 881,244 scythes, 6,900 seed soVers, and 1,031 separators. Cheiuing, Smoking, and Snuffing Tobacco was manufactured of $38,383,356 in value in 1870 ; and $21, 820, .535 in value in 1860 ; and tho number of Ci"(7ars was 935,868 boxes (of one thousand each), which had a value of $28,299,007. The value of Carriages and Wagons was $65,302,837. The Sugar Refineries turned out products to the amount of $108,941,911, and the Distilleries of LAquor, Beer Breweries and Wine Manufactories of $94,133,014. Papej- of all descriptions was produced in 1870 to the value of $48,676,935, against $23,447,302 in 1860, and the value of printed puhUcations was in both years respectively $32,674,037 and $31,936,433. Flour and Meal had increased ivonx $'248,5SO,;i05 in 1360, to $444,985,143 in 1870. The Iion industry of our country has attained colossal proportions, and is second only to that of England. In 1870 our products were: pig-iron, $00,040,498, iron castings, $70,453,553; iron blooms, $23,389,625 ; forged ami rolled iron, $128,062,627, and nails and spikes, $24,823,990. X. MIJriNG. The United States is probably the richest country in the world, as regards the useful and precious minerals. Tho Appalachian ranges and tho Mississippi valley have immense coal fields, inexhaustible deposits of iron, copper, lead, etc. ; while tlie treasure of precious metals in the region of tho Cordilleras is practically AVithout limit. For many years to come the yield of our mines will increase, and mining continue to be a great legitimate branch of industry. THE UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA. 29 Oold and Silver ■were formerly obtained to a limited extent In Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia ; and the value of the gold annually mined averaged about $1,000,000. But with the gold discoveries in California in 1848 the United States took the first rank in the production of this metal, and has maintained it ever since. Mining has been foUowed in the "SVest by several dif- ferent methods. Placer mining was the first ; an inexpensive process by which the loose gold Is washed out of the alluvial soil. Hydraulic mining is placer mining on a gigantic scale ; and this is still a profitable pursuit in California. The chief process now is quartz mining, by which the gold is obtained from the hard rocks (mostly quartz) of tlie auriferous veins. This has be- come and will remain for many years a legitimate industry, which, if skillfully conducted, will yield regular returns, but no sudden fortunes. Hydraulic and quartz mining require largo investments of capital, and hence are mostly carried on by chartered companies, whose shares are bought and sold in the market. The history of this commerce in shares began with the die^ covery of the rich Washoe mines in Nevada, in 1858; particularly the Comstock Lode. Ta« first reports of these discoveries were considered in San Francisco as greatly exaggerated ; bnt when some of the ores on their reduction yielded $3,500 per ton, the value of the deposits became apparent. With great difllculties, and at an enormous expense, machines, crushing works, and food were transported across the Sierra Nevada to Washoe. Several companies were incor- porated, and their shares alternately rose and fell. From 1860 to 1862 many mines were in successful operation, and at the same time explorations were made in various parts of the Great Basin, and new districts were discovered, as Esmer- alda, Silver Mountain, Humboldt, Owen River, and others. In 1862 the deposits on the Colorado and Reese rivers were found ; and as the news of these discoveries reached San Francisco, the exciteraent rose and in the spring of 1863 attained its climax. All classes of persons rushed into the wildest speculation. Merchants, physicians, and lawyers hastened to invest their savings in mining shares. Even women participated in the general mania. Then followed a general reaction. It became known that many mines were worthless. All mining shares fell greatly in price, and many lost their value altogether. The shares of the Wide West, Sheba, and Darsey (three of the better mines), for example, which during the excitement had risen to $580, $500, and $800 respectively, fell to $65, $70, and $90. This was a reduction of from $3,500,000 to $393,000 for the aggregate value of the three mines named. The reaction had a favorable in- fluence on the mming industry of the West. Capitalists became more cautious, 'and before making investments, had the mines thoroughly examined. Those wild speculations which so greatly impaired confidence in this interest are now rare, and fluctuations in stock have gradually narrowed down to a limited range. The total value of the gold and silver products of the western mines was estimated by J. Boss Browne, in his report to the Secretary of the Treasury, as follows : For 20 years, from For the year ending 1848 to 186a Jan. 1, 1868. California $900,000,000 $25,000,000 Nevada 90,000,000 20,000,000 Montana 65,000,000 12.000,000 Idaho 45,000,000 6,.5O0,0OO Washington 10,000,000 1,000 000 Oregon 20,000,000 2,000,000 Colorado 25,000,000 2,000,000 New Mexico and Arizona 5,000,000 1,000,000 Bullion, of which no account was taken 50,000,000 5,000,000 Aggregate $1,210,000,000 $74,500,000 Estimates for the years 1869 and 1872 give the following figures : Gold. Silver. Total for 1869. Total for 1872. California $20,000,000 $ $20,000,000 $19,049,089 Nevada 1,500,000 12,500,000 14,000,000 25,584,871 Oregon and Washiagton 4,000,000 4,000,000 2,131,089 Idaho 6,850,000 150,000 7,000,000 2,514,090 Montana 11,850,000 150,000 12,000,000 4,442,135 Arizona 1,000,000 1,000,000 143,777 New Mexico 500,000 500,000 600,000 Colorado 3,500,000 500,000 4,000,000 3,001,751 Utah 3,521,020 Another sources 1,000,000 1.000,000 $50,200,000 $13,300,000 $63,500,000 $60,887,822 Quicksilver is found only in the coast ranges of California. The New Almaden Mine produced from January to August, 1867, 31,061 flasks, of 75 Spanish pounds each ; the New Idria Mine yielded for the first six months of the same year 5,014 flasks, and the Reddington Mine, 55 miles N. W. of Napa, yielded up to January, 1867, 9,009 flasks, sellingfor a total of $344,594. The export of quick- silver increased from 9,000 flasks, in 1860, to 42,000 flasks, in 1865. Copper is mined chiefly in Michigan and Wisconsin, near the coast of Lake Superior. The pro- duction in 1860 was 14,432 tons, which were worth $3,316,516. The most productive Lead mines arfl so THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. in Missouri, Illinois and Iowa. Those of Missouri yield nearly half of the entire product of the country, which was In ISliO about 9,000 tons, of $977,281 In value. Zinc and Nickel are found only In Pennsylvania, which produced, in 1860, 11,800 tons of zinc, of $73,600 in value. Coal. The total extent of all productive coal fields thus far known in the United States is 125,000 square miles, and embraces the following areas : 1. The Appalachian coal field, covering parts of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Virginia, Eastern Ken- tucky, Kastern Tennessee, and Alabama. The workable area is estimated at 60,000 square miles. In tlie center of Pennsylvania, between PottsvUlc and Wyoming, are the famous anthracite beds, divided into many distinct patches ; and in the western part commences the great bituminous coal field, which spreads westward into Ohio and southward to Alabama. 2. The Illinois and Missouri coal fields, covering a very considerable part of Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky, and west of the Mississippi river, portions of Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, and Ar- kansas. Their estimated area is also about 60,000 sq. mis. 3. The Michigan coal fields, situated about the center of the lower peninsula, and embrecirff an area of about 5,000 sq. mis. 4. The Texas coal field, covering the northern and north-western counties. 5. The Wyoming coal field, of unknown area, which s'hpplies, to a large extent, the Union Pacific railroad. 6. A small coal field of about 1,000 sq. mis. in Rhode Island and Massachusetts, between Provi- dence and Worcester. The amount of anthracite and semi-anthracite coal sent to market in 1870 was, according to the Jrinei-s' Journal, 15,368,437 tons, an increase over 1869 of 1,716,090 tons. Inaddition to this there were consumed in the collieries 3,842,876 tons. Tlic total product of bituminous coal for 1870 was 34,179,778 tons. Petroleum or coal oil first attracted attention about 15 j^ears ago. In 1857 the first well was sunk near Titusville,on Oil Creek, in Pennsylvania ; and at a depth of 70 feet the oil was struck, which yielded a steady flow of 400 gallons per day. In 1860 the number of wells in this region was up- ward of 2,000, 72 of which yielded a daily product of 1,165 barrels, of 33 gallons each. From that time petroleum became one of the great staple articles of commerce, immense quantities being consumed at home or exported to Europe, The total shipments have been for the last 10 years as {ollowa : In 1861 1,500,000 gallons. In 1866 67,430,451 gallons. In 1862 10,S87,701 " In 1867 67,0.52,020 " In 1863 28,2.50,721 " In 18()8 99,281,7.50 " In 1864 31,872.927 " In 1869 102 748,604 In 1865 29,805,523 " In 1870 141,208,155 " Total exi30i-t in 10 years 580,037,852 gallons. At an average of 25 cts. per gallon, including ci-ude and refined, for the whole period, this ■would give a total valuation of $145,009,474, or at 20 cts. per gallon, $116,007,579, which has been added to the exports of the country from an article unknown to commerce 12 years ago. The Valley of Oil Creek, a tributary of the Alleghany river, is the principal oil region of the country. It produced in 1869 the enormous number of 393,136 Ijarrels, and in 1870, 471,657 barrels. XI. COMMERCE. The commerce of the United States has gi-own at the most extraordinary rate during the last deofide, keeping fully abreast witli the increase of population, manufactures, and general wealth of the country. In the year 1700 the exi>orts of the colonies amounted to £395,000, and the imports to £341,000. In 1793 these values had risen respectively to $20,753,093 and $31,-500,000, and in 1807, to $108,343,1.50 and $138,500,000. Then followed a period of commercial depression, brought about by tlio "Decrees of Berlin and Milan," and the "Embargo," and up to ilio year 1830 the exports ar.d imports averaged about $78,000,000. The crisis of 1837 was succeeded by a decline which reached its lowest point in 1842. Here the figures rise again, slowly at first, more rapidly afterward, with but a brief inter ntplion in consequence of the crisis of 1857. In 1860 the exports amounted to $4(0,122,290; the imports to $302,16.3,440. " 1863 " " 229,038,975; " 205,819,823. " 1864 " " 340,665,580; " 328,514,-559. " 1866 " " 437,641,357; " 565,426,394. In the year ending .Juno 30, 1870, the United States imported goods to the value of $-541,493,X'« and erriorted goods to the value of $590,978,.550. Of this amount the value of domestic oxiiorts was >5'iA."\8,651, and of foreign exports, $28,459,SS>9. Tlie principal ports of thec<)untry participate*! In the for>''gn commerce of the same year, as follows : THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 31 Impoi'ts. New York $357,909,770 Boston 53,652,225 Baltimore 24,672,871 Sau Francisco 20,384,907 New Orleans 19,427,238 Philadelplila 17,728,006 Vermont District.. 8,133,633 Oswego, N. Y 6,703,924 Niasjara, N. Y 3,872,603 Buffalo, N. Y 3,110,894 Charleston, S. C... 2,271,298 Portland, Me 2,130,133 Mobile, Ala 1,579,806 Savannah, Ga 1,090,717 Texas District (including Galveston) 1,255,003 Domestic ExDorts. $2S5,530,775" 12,961,291 15,037,855 20.857,902 93,953,081 17,903,027 2,465,792 1,005.250 55,371 264.664 465,225 2,972,401 21,873.703 32,857,90-2 Forcisn Exports. $20,087,211 1,450,398 86,373 79.140 1,293,710 17,256 150 9,899 3,034 150 294 274,855 1,631 79,140 13,764,384 22,866 New York absorbs 58.8 per cent of the total foreign commerce of tlie country. Its pre-eminence is owing to the geographical position of the city, her magnificent liarbor and her excellent con- nections with the interior by rail and canal. The Erie Canal, which connects New York with the Great Lalces, is the only water communication which intersects the whole breadth of the Ap- palachian System from east to west. The subjoined table exhibits tlio quantities and values of the more promineni articles of im- portation, and the countries from which they were chiefly imported : Countries from which Article. Cochineal Guano India Rubber and Gntta Percha Indigo Hags of cotton or linen for the manufacture of paper Raw SUk Wool unmanufactured . Barley Rice Books, Maps, and En- gravings Buttons Clothing (except when of silk and hosiery) .... Cocoa, Coffee Cotton m a n u fa c t u re, bleached and unblch'cl Cotton man n f a c t u r e , printed or colored Hosiery (cotton) Jeans, drillings, etc Cotton manufactures, not specified Chemicals, drugs, medi- cines, dyes, etc. Earthen and china ware Fancy goods Fish, fresh, and cured.. . Flax, manufactures of. . Fruits and nuts Glass, Cylinder, crown and common window. Cast polished plateglass 'Just polished plate glass, silvered Quantity. 1,849,842 pounds. 104,725 tons. 6.15.5,331 pounds. 1,894,172 103,520,482 " 1,100,281 pounds. 4,866,700 bushels. 64,655,827 pounds. 3,445,4.53 pounds. 317,992,048 " 36,938,026 sq.yds. 28,975,876 " 5,386,146 " 36,986,083 pounds. 1,850,288 sq. feet. 2,513,552 " Value. Imported- ; 1,184,225 Mexico, U. 8. of Colum- bia and England. 3,322,328 Peru. 2,307,233 Brazil and Columbia. 2,052,222 British East India and U. S. of Columbia. 3,748,984 England, Mexico, Ger- many, and Russia. 5,739,592 China, England, Japan, and Prance. [ers. 909,330 Brazil, Mexico, and otli- 3,678,810 Canada. 1,876,786 England and China. 1,868,228 England, Germany, and France. 1,444,577 England, Germany, and France. 1,670,422 England and Germany. 388,579 Columbia, Venezuela, Guiana. 30,992,869 Brazil (four-fifths) Vene- zuela, Java, Central America. 4,883,622 England, Gei-many, and France 3,634,315 England, Scotl'd,France, and Germany 5,0.8,5,993 Germany and England. 737,251 England, Scotland, Ger- many, and France 15,535,420 England, Scotland, Ger- many, and France 6,480,414 England, France, Ger- many, bcotlaud, Italy. 4,681,376 England, France, and Oermanv. 4,693,822 England, Germany, tmd f I'll lie 6 2,503,924 Engl'd, Canada, France, and Germany. 13,.560,702 England and Canada. 9,602,630 liaiy, Spain, and Eng- land. 1 ,447,292 Belgium and England. 919,435 England and Belgium. 651,487 Germany and England, 32 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Countries from Avliich Article. Quantity. Value. imported. Hemp, raw 20,805 tons. $ 3,91S,1'29 Spanish Possessions and Russia. Hides and ekins 14,892,987 Argentine Republic, Ur- uguav, England, Brit- isu, E. Indies, Brazil. India Rubber and Gutta Percha, not manufac- tured 4,875,608 pounds. 2,033,543 Brazil, Columbia, and England. Pig-lron 399,031,453 •' 3,106,490 England, Scotland, and Canada. Bar -Iron 203,503,170 " 4,058,126 England. Railroad bars or raUs.. l,026,045,*4O " 17,360,297 England. Old and scrap iron 1.55,803 tons. 3,782,526 England, Canada, and Belgium. Steel ingots 3,750,702 England. Cutlery 1,956,351 England. Files, saws, and tools. 1,118,499 England. Iron and steel manufac- tures, not specified... 4,883,075 England. Jewelry 1,109,040 England, Germany, and France. Jute and other grasses, „ etc rare 7 26,450 tons. 2,131,056 Bntish E. Indies, Mex- ico. Jute manufactures (gun- _ . , ^ , , „ ny bags, etc.) 3,231,932 British E. Indies, Eng- "Leather and leather _^^^f^' goods 10,400,034 England, France, and Germany. Oils — whale,olive, fixed, and essential 2,352,401 Canada and England. Opium 315,121 pounds. 1,926,915 England an d C liina. Paper and paper manu- factures 1,600,117 England, Germany, and Belgium. Precious stones 2,346,732 England France, and Germany. Provisions, including ,„ , vegetables 3,650,487 Canada and England. Salt:. 637,752,646 " 1,254,001 England, British West Indies. Silk, manufacture of ... . 82,3'23,001 England, France, and Germauv. Soda and Salts of 244,019,371 " 4,568,996 England, Hay ti, and Pe- ru. Spices of all kinds 23,393,398 " 2,165,557 China, England, East Indies. Sugar and molasses 74,827,043 Cuba, Porto Rico, Br. West Indies,and South America. Tea 51,364,919 " 17,254,617 China and Japan. Tin and manufacture of „ , , ^, . , xr , tin 12,757,215 England, China,aiid Hol- land. Tobacco and manufac- ture of tobacco 9,268,590 " 6,047,285 Cuba. Watches, watch move- „,,,-, ments, and materials. 3,328,448 England, 1 ranee, and Germanj'. Wines, spirits, and cor- „ ^ . ,, , ^ dials... 8,638,441 France, Spain, England, and Germany. Boards, deal, plank, joist, and scantling.... 725,994,000 feet. 0,863,684 Canada. _ Raw and fleece wool. . . . 68,033,038 pounds. 9,780,443 England, Argentine Re- public, Canada, Cape Colony, and Uruguay. Woolen shawls 2,160,037 England, France, and Germany. Carpets 4,691,061 England. Woolen manufacture „ , , -.^ ^ not specified 6,844,420 England, France, and Germany. Zinc, spelter, etc 18,553,572 " 849,441 Belgium, Spanish Pos- ' ■" sessions, and Germany. The entries from Great Britain and the British Possessions exceeded in value 52 per cent, of aU our importations. Those from Spain and her Colonics (chiefly Cuba) occupy the next place, with 14 per cent. ; then follow those from Brazil and i'rance, with more than 5}^ per cent, each ; those from Germany, with 4.6 per cent. ; from China, with 3.6 per cent. ; and from Mexico, witli 3 per cent. The entries from Italy, Argentine RepubUc, Columbia, Holland, and Japan, exceedeJ THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 33 one per cent. ; and those ft-om all other countries were less than one per cent. The subjoined table contains the declared value of import entries. From Great Britain and all British Possessions $282,370,860 From Cuba, Spain and Spanish Possessions 67,521.282 From Brazil 30,560,648 From France and French Posses- sions 29,990,028 From G ermany 25,063,635 From China 20,066,315 From Mexico 17,511,163 From Italy 7 443,754 From Arp:entine RepubRc 7,040,575 From United States of Columbia 6,434,776 From Holland and Dutch Posses- sions 6,155,1.50 From Japan 5 387,991 From Peru 4,731,430 From Belgium 4,178,714 From Venezuela 2,975,629 From Uruguav 2,.^70,885 From Sweden and Norway 1,839,024 From the Central American States. . 1,528,399 From Russia 1,402,901 From Sandwich Islands 1,1.53,154 From Hayti and San Domingo I,0.i5,675 From Austria 944,028 From Chili 716,544 From Denmark and Danish Posses- sions 673,775 From Turkey 527,493 From Portugal £ind Portuguese Pos- sessions 411,496 From Greece From Liberia 73,964 All other countries not specified 774,085 Total $541,493,702 If we deduct $28,459,899, the value of re-exportation, from the total value of imports, there remain for consumption in this country articles of foreign production to the value of $513,033,- 809, or $13.32 per head to the population. . In 1865 the consumption per head was $9.28 ; in 1860, $9.04 ; and in 1850, $7.53. In Great Britain it was, in 1869, $46.40 ; in 1865, $45.40 ; and in 1860, $36.00. The exports of the United States consist chiefly of agricultural and mining products and manu- factures. In the year ended June 30, 1871, they exported : Raw Cotton to the value of $218,327,109 Cotton manufactures to the value of 3 ,5.58,136 Gold and Silver (bullion and manufactures of) to the value of 84,452,039 Bread and Breadstuff to the value of 79,481,189 Coal Oil and Petroleum to the value of. 36,110,583 Muskets, pistols, rifles, and sporting guns, to the value of 13,463,916 Cartridges and fuses to the value of. 3,201,043 Bacon and hams to the value of 8,126,683 Beef to the value of 3,82.5,666 Cheese to the value of. 8,752,990 CuredFishto the value of 10,563,000 Pork to the value of 4,302,322 The mercantile fleet of the United States had, in 1871, 4,282,607 tons new admeasurement, of which 1,087,637 tons were employed in steam navigation. Vessels which are engaged in foreign commerce and the whale flshei-y are registered, thoso which are employed in the coasting trade, mackerel fisheries, etc., are merely enrolled and licensed. On the 30th of June, 1871, the tonnage was employed, as follows : In foreign trade 1,363,652 tons. " whale fisheries 61,490 " Total registered tonnage 1,425,143 Enrolled vessels in the coasting trade 2,722,372 Licensed vessels " " " " (under 20 tons) 42,228 In the cod and mackerel fisheries 92,865 Total registered and licensed toiuiage 2,857,465 Total tonnage of U. S 4,282,607 The subjoined table exhibits the number and tonnage of vessels, on the 30th of June, 1871 : Sailing Vessels. Steam Vessels. Barges. Canal Boats. Total. o pi Atlantic and Gulf Coasts... 14,604 1,918,675 1,672 604,518 638 100,672 4,069 372,558 20,981 2,096,425 Pacific Coast 805 98.1,37 196 60,856 71 8,443 1,072 167,436 Northern Lakes 1,662 267,153 682 149,467 132 31.208 3,037 264,198 5,513 712,028 "Western Rivers 227 2,190 1,017 272,795 633 120,019 208 11,715 2,085 406,719 Total United States 17,298 2,286,156 3,567 1,687,637 1,472 260,343 7,314 648,47129,6514,282,607 The tonnage of our merchant fleet was 1,042,404 in 1804; 1,232,502 in 1810; 1,298,958 in 1820, and 1,267,847 in 1830. During the next fifteen years it doubled ; numbering 2,562,084 tons in 1845. In 1850 it reached 3,535,454 tons ; m 1365, 5,212,001 ; and attained its gi-eatest development in 1861, when It numbered 5,.539,813 tons. The southern insurrection, the British recognition of the Southera States as belligerents, and the depredations of Southern cruisers, l)ore with crushing weight on the shipping interests of the United States. Many ships were captured and destroyed, and many more passed into foreign hands. Oflicial returns show that our ocean commerce is being carried more and more in foreign bottoms. In 1860 nearly 71 per cent, of our foreign commerce was in American ships ; in 1864 it had decreased to 46 per cent. ; in 1868, to 44 per cent. ; and in 1871, to 38' per cent. There is no valid reason why our shipping interest should not rise from its pres- 34 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ent depression and again take the prominent rank it held before the war. The United States produce an abundance of iron and of the best sliip timber in the world. American skill and Ingenuity have produced tlie best ship models known. Though the high price of labor and mate- rials render competition with the older countries of Europe very difficult, yet with the wisest congressional enactments, and the most intelligent adjustment of taxes on ship-building mate- rials, we may hope soon to re-assume our former position as a maritime nation. The number of vessels which entered into the ports of the United States during the year end. Ing June 30, 1S71, was 30,10-2, with an aggregate tonnage of 10,009,184. Of these there were 19,406 foreign vessels, with a tonnage of 6,266,444 or 62),^ per cent. During the same year 29,861 vessels of 9,898,482 tons burden cleared from our ports, of which li),288 vessels of 6,151,537 tons were foreign. The subjoined table exhibits the number of vessels, and their tonnage, which during the abore samed year entered, or cleared from, the principal ports of the United States : ENTERED. CLEARED. Number of Tonnage. Number of Tonnage. Portland and Falmouth 410 " 161,177 637* 210,879 Boston 3,514 836,014 3,289 602,553 New York 5,062 3,413,436 4,527 3.252,539 Philadelphia O.H 369,616 828 330,743 Baltimore 83.J 315,734 686 264,880 Charleston 157 48,104 184 74,539 Savannah 228 142,903 305 201,997 Pensacola 165 103,149 167 100,910 Mobile 147 103,822 159 120,013 New Orleans 908 566,797 953 622,826 San Francisco 406 3.53,493 474 410,252 It has recently been estimated, that there are on the Great Lakes no less than 5,424 steamers, sailing vessels and barges having an aggregate capacity of 717,299 tons, and total value ot $53,- 343,000. In 1800 there were only l,6i0 vessels of all kinds on those lakes, valued at $23,229,000, and having a total capacity of 412,127 tons. The domestic commerce of the United States far exceeds the foreign commerce in the amount and value of the goods bought or sold. But as there is no bureau, official or unofficial, in which the movements of goods are registered, it is impossible to obtain statistics embracing the whole field. Our ocean coasts measure 33,633 miles (exclusive of Alaska) ; the lake shores, 3,620 miles ; and the Mississippi, with Its tributaries, has a network of navigable waters extend- ing over 35,650 miles, to which the other navigable streams add nearly 50,000 miles. The combined length of our canals is over 6,000 miles, and of railroads, 65,000 miles. Thus our country possesses an aggregate of great commercial highways, open to steam communication, exceediiig 190,000 miles in length. And all these roads and water ways carry vast quantities of goods and etfect the interchange of commodities between the dilferent parts of the country. The Southern states send their cotton to the factories of the North, and receive in return northern manufac- tures ; the surplus of the western grain moves to the Atlantic seaboard, to be consumed in the densely populated states of the east, or to be shipped to foreign lands ; the Pennsylvania coal fields furnish the households and steam engines of the New England and Middle states with fuel ; and the forests of Maine, Wisconsin, and Michigan supply the great lumber markets of Port- land, Albany, Chicago, and other cities. XII. RAIIiROAI>S, TEI-EGRAPHiS, AND CANAI-S. The wonderful progress of the United States is clearly shown by the development of the rail- road system. In 1830 the first 23 miles were opened for use ; during the decade ending 1840, 3,513 miles were added ; in that ending 1850, 5,508 ; in that ending 1860, 21,614 ; and in that ending 1870, 23,761 (notwithstanding the civil war, which occupied a part of this decade). At present the mile- age probably exceeds 68,000, the constriiction of which cost in round numbers about $.'5,2.iO,000,000,- or $50,000 per mile. The mileage of all European railroads in 1871 was 66,135; of which Great Bri- tain had 15,144 ; Germany, 12,304 ; France, 10,035; Russia, 6,989 ; Austria, 6,325 ; .and Italy, 3,W8. Thus the time is near at hand when our railroads will exceed in length those of all Europe combined. In 1872 there were 346 incorporated railroad companies, the most important of which ate enumerated in the subjoined table; Corporate titles of Length of main line CostofR. R. Passengers Freight companies. and branches. and eg,uip- carried. moved. ments. 1. Boston and Albany 249 $ 22,888,797 4,744,904 2,209,333 3. N. Y. Central and Hudson River) _,„ ^n ni n^.T i -ii I'M (from New York to Bnftalo). \ '^^ 60,413,6d7 4.ai,lJ« *■ ^ Dunki rk," N.'' Y)!' ^.".'^^7. .^'!^.^'. .^.° j 0" 59,812,740 3,509,463 4,844,203 4. United New Jer.sev R. R. and Canal ) Cos. (from New Vork to PhiUulcl- \ 165 37,270,372 phia) S THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 35 Corporate titles of companies. Length of main line and branches. 6. Pennsylvania (from Philadelphia to Pittsburg) 6. Bait) more and Oliio (from Balti- more to Wheeling, W. Va) 7. Columbus, Chicago, and Indiana Central 8. Lake Shore and Michigan Southern ( from Buffa] o to Ch icago) 9. Pittsburgl),Ft. Wayne, and Chicago. 10. Toledo, Wabash, and Western (from Toledo, O., to E. St. Louis, 111.) ... IJ. Chicago and North-western (from Chicago, 111., to Ft. Howard, Wis. and several other lines) 12. Illinois Central (from Chicago to » -n^ Cairo and other lines) ( ' ' 13. IMihvaukeo and St. Paul 1,018 14. Kansas Pacific (from Kansas City to ) a-!.-> "Denver) < "'" 15. Union Pacific (from Omaha to Og- den) 16. Central Pacific (from Ogden to San i cqi Francisco) i "^^ The followin, 423 (i-10 5S7 1,074 339 60S 1,224 1,033 ;ost of R. R. and eciuip- ments Passengers carried. Freight moved. $ 34,610,160 4,699,985 6,575,848 3.5,131,615 36,230,174 58,741,536 1,943,162 3,725,425 33,394,515 1,985,732 2,047,114 33,683,000 &33,16G 52,000,659 2,239,494 2,298,170 33,611,806 1,286,994 1,831,942 39,700,789 1,463,155 33,409,606 201,592 130,561 277,168 120,432,717 table exhibits the distribution of railroad mileage in the different states, and also the proportion of the mileage to the area and the population of each : Miles of Railroad in No. of sq. miles of No. of Inhabi- tants to Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Elaine Maryland Massaclinsetts .. Michigan Minnesota Mississippi , Missouri Nebi-aska Nevada New Hampshire . New Jersey. 1852 214 451 39 21 910 412 756 94 80 322 327 1,038 431 "96 568 318 1862 New York 2,0.31 North Carolina. Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania... Illiode Island... South Carolina. Tennessee Texas Vermont , Virginia West Virginia... AVisconsin Indian Ter Colorado Dakota Llaho Montan.a New Mexico Ctah Washington Wyoming 351 756 l",372 68 596 185 'in 632 241 71 661 633 2,728 957 3,100 4 3,006 108 973 1,253 451 562 1,379 361 961 1873 T739 545 1,053 955 219 463 2,226 6,620 3,610 3,638 2,061 1,189 419 900 1,802 1,613 2,949 1,694 1,003 2,910 1,142 593 795 1,265 1,247 4,050 240 5,113 137 1,335 1,541 1,232 687 1,509 572 2,097 269 534 255 371 106 498 area to Imile of R. R. 29.1 95.8 17.9 4.9 9.7 126.6 26.0 8.4 9.4 15.1 39.4 31.7 98.7 38.9 13.8 4.1 18.8 49.3 46.8 22.4 66!5 175.5 n.7 6.5 9.5 40.7 9.9 396.8 9.0 9.5 25.5 29.6 223.7 14.9 25.4 40.2 25.7 256.6 195.3 591.9 227.7 660.3 196.4 Imileof R. R. 574 889 532 563 571 401 532 384 466 328 177 1,110 1,735 696 434 904 402 259 827 592 108 71 400 700 865 379 689 1,586 529 818 664 481 812 772 503 253 74 56 234 226 IS Total 12,908 30,635 67,157 45.l\ "574 The IHegrajih sevvico in the United States is performed by seven separate associations, whiea were estimated on the 1st of January, 1873, to have a total length of lines of 80,000 miles ; of wire* 36 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 180,000 miles ; 6,300 stations ; and an aggregate nominal capital of $00,000,000. The most important of these associations is the " Western Union Telegraph Companj'," which is a consolidation ol most of the telegraph interests of the country prior to 1S66. This companj', on the 1st of July, 1S7'2, controlled and operated 63,032 miles of line, 137,190 miles of wire, and 5,237 stations. Of thia aggregate 1,212 miles of line were in 'Sew Brunswick and Xova Scotia, and .512 miles of lino ia British Columbia ; leaving G0,30S miles of lino, and 133,936 miles of vdre, in the United States. There is probably no village of any importance in the country which is not within easy reach of telei^raphic communication ; and yet the construction of new lines is progressing uninterruptedly. 7 be Oanals of national importance are those which connect the seaboard with the great cen- tral region of the St. Lawrence and Mississippi valleys. Foremost amongst these is the JSrie Candl, which was constructed from 1817 to 1822, under the direction of DeWitt Clinton, Governor of New York. It connects Albany at the head of navigation of the Hudson river, with Buflfalo oij the eastern extremity of Lake Erie, following the direction of the Mohawk valley, and thus in connection with Hudson River forms an uninterrupted water communication between Now York city and the Great Lakes. The total length of the canal is about 370 miles, which is, however, greatly increased by the numerous branches, extending in various directions. One of tbsso connects Rochester with the Alleghany river. New York city owes its pre-eminence as the oomoiercial metropolis of our country chiefly to this canal. The Pennsylvania Canal consists of the central division, which connects Columbia on the Sus- qnehanna river, with Hollidaysburg at the foot of the Alleghany Mountains ; and the western division, which connects Pittsburgh with Johnstown. The distance of 37 miles intervening between Johnstown and Hollidaysburg is traversed by a portion of the Pennsylvania railroad. A branch canal extends from Wrightsviile, opposite Columbia, along the lower course of Sus- quehanna River to Havre de Grace, on Chesapeake Bay ; and other lines follow the tipper Susque- hanna, terminating at Bellefonte and "West Nanticoke. The commerce in coal and other min- eral products of Pennsylvania Itas been greatly facilitated by this extensive canal system. The CTiesapeake and Ohio Canal is designed to connect Chesapeake Bay with the Ohio river, and has thus far been completed from Alexandria and Georgetown along the Potomac river to Cumber- land. The James River and Kanaivha Canal connects Richmond with Buchanan, Va., and follows the James River valley. The numerous other canals in the United States are chiefly of local importance, and their description M'ill be found in the articles on the states in which they are situated. XIII. EDUCATION. The people of the United States have always recognized the paramount importance of educa- tion and mental culture. Twenty years after the first tree was felled and the first block-house buUt in New England, the settlers of Massachusetts, though neither numerous nor wealthy, founded Harvard University. This glorious example was soon followed in other colonies, and the spirit thus early manifested pervades the entire nation. In no country in the world is there a larger amount of money expended for purposes of education by communities or jirivate citizens; and certainly the excellence of our school buildings and other appurtenances is unequaled. In 1S71 beuefactions and donations from private citizens to educational establish- ments amounted to the large sum of $8,592,000. The general system of education originated in New England, where as early as 1G28 provision was made for the education of every child in the settlements. In 1G37 a school was ordered to be provided for every neighborhood of .50 families, and another of a higher grade of instruction for every 100 families. These schools were maintained by taxes raised in each district. The New England system of public schools has been adopted with but slight modifications by nearly aU the states of the Union. The Federal Government has no voice in the management or establish- ment of schools, and there is consequently in the cabinet no Minister or Secretai-y of Public Instruction, as in nearly all European governments ; but Congress has aided the cause of education by reserving for the school fund of each state one section of land (of 610 acres) out of every township of the public domain. The amount of land thus appropriated or reserved for school purposes approaches nearly 12,000,000 acres. The older states have besides large per- manent school funds ; but the maintenance of the schools is secured chiefly by direct taxation, which is voted in all the states with great libei-ality. The instruction given in the common schools is elementary and comprises readmg, writing, arithmetic, geography, and an outline of the history of the United States. There arc, however, numerous public and private schools of a higher grade in the cities and many country districts, such as grammar schools, high schools, and mstitutions of secondary Instruction, where, in addi- tion to the elementary branches, Latin, German, French, mathematics, and the rudiments of tho natural sciences are taught. In nearly all the states there are normal schools for the purpose of training competent teachers. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 37 The subjoined table contains tlie statistics as given in the report of tlie Commissioner of Edu- cation, for the year 1871 : Common Schools. Institutions of Secondary Instruction. Normal Schools. No. of No. of Schools. Teachers. Average attend- ance of Pupils. Annual expendi- tures for No. of No. of No. of No. of 1871. Schools. Pupils. Schools. Pupils. Alabama 1,S45 Arkansas 2,537 California Connecticut 1,614 Delaware Florida Georgia 1,291 Illinois 11,011 Indiaiia 9,032 Iowa 7.823 Kansas 2,068 Kentucky 5,177 Louisiana 640 Maine 3,8.53 Maryland 1,475 Miissachusetts 5,076 Michigan 5,008 Minnesota 2,625 Mississippi 3,460 Missouri Nebraska 1,032 Nevada 52 New Hampshire... 2,216 New Jersey 1,501 New York 11,739 N. Carolina Ohio 13,951 Oregon 636 Pennsylvania 1.5,700 Rhode Island 412 S. Carolina 1,639 Tennessee Texas Vermont 2,750 Virginia 2,900 West V^irginia 2,357 Wisconsin 2,843 888 20,081 11,843 14,070 2,244 'l,'420 5,591 2,202 8,235 11,014 "3','5-20 """9M .53 3,607 2,931 28,217 1,400 21,838 10,3si 533 705 3.058 2,405 9,304 645,664 26,723 339,504 287,765 211,.568 39,401 120,866 70,000 94,548 60,1.55 201,750 245.002 45,350 1,804 48,150 86,812 487.773 31,093 413,893 21,000 507 188 22,444 1,621,397 115,407 6,881,337 3.208,444 3,269,191 782,800 917,364 1,304,760 5,750,405 2,821,169 792,852 900,000 330,924 73,836 2,364,441 10,209,712 44,5.59 76,600 55,083 7,150,566 70,980 8,580,918 461,159 480,496 "439,260 2,006,820 6 2 4 35 2 1 13 29 5 2 3 5 4 16 7 42 3 14 1 18 23 5 226 10 44 "2^i 3 2 2 2 30 , 6 405 56 1,202 3,353 105 100 1,023 3,908 1,597 230 305 473 561 1,736 435 5,150 432 2,433 55 1,555 1,978 60S 35,603 1,020 3,763 2,964 754 216 110 3,473 313 657 665 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 9 3 4 1 3 2 2 2 7 1 3 2 6 1 1 2 10 2 9 2 8 1 1 4 "3 2 5 5 185 414 124 167 5,370 2,010 1,014 129 452 ""496 92 417 1,923 '1,173 '1,624 463 126 308 Colleges and Universities in which the classical and scientific or professional branches of learn- ing are taught, abound in the United States to an extraordinary extent. The report of the Com- missioner of Education for 1S71 enumerates 372 collegiate institutions which are authorized to confer academic degrees ; 56 agricultiiral and scientific schools ; 117 theological semiuai'ies ; 40 law schools ; 94 medical, dental and pharmaceutical schools ; 1.36 female colleges ; and 84 commercial and business colleges ; and this enumeration is probably not complete. Many of these institu- tions are necessarily limited in means and performance, and yet await a fuller development and a wider scope ; but there are also many with ample eudowraents and generous aims, which have greatly raised the standard of literary and scientific excellence. Such institutions as Yale, Har- vard, and Princeton universities, the state University of Miclngan, Columbia College in New York, and some others, are subjects of just pride to every American, and enjoy a well-desei-ved fame throughout the civilized world. A real university reauires vast sums of money for its or- ganization and management, and in tliose countries where the true idea of a university is best comprehended, the available means and forces are concentrated upon a few lai-ge institutions. The recognition of this fact is rapidly gaining ground in the United States, and instead of mul- tiplying the already too large number of small colleges, it is becoming more and more the policy to unite and combine those existing. Harvard College is the oldest institution of learning in the country. It was founded in 1636 and embraces, 1, an academical department, including regular courses of religion, philosophy, rhetoric and oratory, history, modern languages, Latin, Greek, Hebrew, natural history, physi- ology, chemistry and mineralogy, physics and mathematics ; 2, a divinity school; 3, a lav,- school ; 4, a medical school ; 5, the Lawrence Scientific School aiid school of mining and practical geol- ogy ; 6, a school of astronomy ; and 7, a dental school. It is situated in Cambridge, near Boston, iias 76 professors, and was attended in 1871 by 643 students. The library contains 176,000 volumes and is one of the richest in the country. Yale College, in New Haven, Conn., was established 62 years later than Harvard, and embraces, 1, an academical department ; 2, the Sheffield Scientific School; 3, a theological department; 4, a law department; 5, a medical department, and 6, a school of the Fine Arts. The number of professors and instructors in 1871 was 68, and of studeut3 38 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. V 810. The college possesses libraries witli a total of near 100,000 volumes, valuable nuneralogical, geological, botanical and zoological collections, an astronomical observatory, and an excellent chemical laboratory. Cohunbia College, in New York, was chartered In 1754, and is a wealthy institution. It em- braces, 1, a school of letters and science; 2, a school of mines, and 3, a law school; and has 34 professors and about 300 students. The College of Physicians and Surgeons of the city of New York, with 28 i>rofessors and 328 students, is connected with Columbia College. The subjoined table contains a list of those colleges which, according to the report of the Com- missioner of Education, had over ten teachers during the year 1871 : Name of Institution. Where Situated. Teachers. Student*. 1 University of California Oakland, California 18 247 2 St. Ignatius College San Francisco, California 19 5.59 3 Santa Clara College Santa Clara, California 17 225 4 Trinity College Hartford, Connecticut 16 163 5 AVeslevan University Middletown, Connecticut 10 163 6 Yale College New Haven, Connecticut 68 840 7 University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 12 231 8 University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois 14 277 9 Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 30 307 10 Knox College Galesburg, Illinois 15 266 11 Illinois College Jacksonville, Illinois 12 324 12 Jlonmouth College Monmouth, Illinois 13 341 13 Northwestern College Naperville, Illinois 10 244 14 Indiana University... Bloomington, Indiana 13 303 15 Northwestern Christian University Indianapolis 22 299 16 University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, Indiana 29 421 17 Upper Iowa Univei-sity Fayette, Iowa 10 170 18 Iowa College Grinnell, Iowa 12 282 19 Simpson Centenary College Indianola, Iowa 13 159 20 Iowa State University Iowa Citj% Iowa 30 345 21 Iowa AVeslevan University Mt. rieasant, Iowa 16 268 22 Berea College Berea, Kentucky 12 295 23 Kentucky University Lexington, Kentucky 30 333 24 Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana 18 184 25 Straight University New Orleans, Louisiana 11 85 26 Jefferson College St. Michael, Louisiana 10 1,054 27 Bo wdoin College Brunswick, INIaine 36 161 28 St. John's College Annapolis, Maryland 10 138 29 LoyolaCoUege Baltimore, Marvlund 13 158 30 Rock Hill College Ellieott, Maryland 22 166 31 St. Charles' College Ellieott, Maryland 12 100 32 Mount St. Mary's College Emmettsburg, Maryland 14 158 S3 Wesleyan Maryland College AVestminster, Maryland 10 Ii27 J4 Amherst College Amherst, Massachusetts 20 261 35 Boston College Boston, Massachusetts 24 280 36 Harvard College Cambridge, Massachusetts 76 643 37 Tufts College College Hill, Massachusetts 17 74 38 Williams College Williamstown, Massachusetts 11 141 39 College of the Holy Cross Worcester, Massachusetts 10 140 40 Michigan University Ann Arbor, Michigan 57 1,284 41 Hillsdale College Hillsdale, Michigan 18 617 42 Kalamazoo College Kalamazoo, Michigan 12 209 43 OlivetCollege Olivet, Michigan 11 133 . 44 University of Mississippi Oxford, Mississippi 18 Ill 45 Pass Christian College Pass Christian, Mississippi 14 143 46 University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri 13 217 47 McGce College College Mound, Missouri 11 213 48 St. Louis University St. Louis, Missouri 22 160 49 Washington University St. Louis, Missouri 36 337 50 Dartmouth College Hanover, New Hampshire 34 400 51 Rutgers College New Brunswick, New Jersey 23 446 52 College of New Jersey Princeton, New Jersey 18 380 53 Scton Hall College S. Orange, New Jersey 15 130 54 Alfred University Alfred, New Jersey 21 408 65 Brooklyn Collegiate and Polytechnic Institute Brooklyn, New York 26 560 56 St. Joseph's College Buffalo, New York '14 291 57 St. Lawrence University Canton, New Y^ork 13 47 58 Hamilton College Clinton, New Y'ork 12 164 59 St. John's College Fordham, New York 21 265 60 Madison University Hamilton, New Y'ork 16 165 61 Cornell University Ithaca, New Y'ork 48 490 62 N. Y. City College New York, New Y'ork 35 723 63 College of St. Francis Xavier New lork, New Y'ork 25 477 64 Columbia College New York, New Y'ork 34 117 C5 Manhattan College New York, New Y'ork 43 631 66 University of New York City New Y'ork, New Y'ork 46 107 67 Union College Schenectady, New Y'ork 16 S9 68 Baldwin University Berea, Ohio 11 206 69 St. Xavier College Cincinnati, Ohio 17 269 70 Mt. St. Mary's ol the West Cincinnati. Ohio 16 80 71 Koynon College Gambler, Ohio 12 92 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 39 Name of Institution. Where Situated. Teachers. Students. T2 Western Keserve College Hudson, Ohio 11 109 73 Mt. Union College Mt. Union, Ohio 19 G64 74 Oberlin College Otacrlin, Ohio 2G 1,173 75 Antioch College Yellow Springs, Ohio 10 205 76 Hiram College Hiram, Ohio 10 2G0 77 WUliunette University Salem, Oregon 13 25G 73 Andalusia College Andalusia, Pennsylvania 10 77 79 Augustinian College of Villanova. .Delaware county, Pa 15 110 80 Lafayette College Easton, Pennsylvania 25 231 81 Pennsylvania College Gettysburg!!, Pennsylvania 11 177 82 Lincoln University Oxford, Pennsylvania 18 158 83 University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia 54 .594 84 La Salle College " 15 212 85 Western University Pittsburgh, Pa 16 217 S6 Lehigh University South Bethleham, Pa 15 116 87 Washington and Jefferson College. Washington, Pa 10 118 88 Waynesburg College Waynesburg, Pa 10 275 89 St. Vincent's College Westmoreland county, Pa 20 227 90 Brown University Providence, R. 1 13 225 91 University of South Carolina Columbia, South Cai'Olina 14 70 92 East Tennessee University Knoxville, Tennessee 12 167 93 University of Nashville Nashville, Tennessee 25 474 94 Waco University AVaco, Texas 11 245 95 University of Vermont Burlington, Vermont 24 120 96 Norwich University Northfield, Vermont 10 74 97 University of Virginia University of Va P. 25 4S3 98 Washington and Leo University Lexington, Va 28 484 99 Richmond College Richmond, Va 11 144 100 Roanoke College Salem, Va 11 151 101 College of William and Mary Williamsburg, Va 12 76 102 West Virginia State University Morgantown, W. Va 13 14(5 103 West Virginia College Flemington, W. Va 10 ^6 104 St. Vincent's College Wheeling, W. Va 15 132 105 University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin 33 485 106 Racine College Racine, Wisconsin 16 185 107 Ripon College Ripon, Wisconsin 12 321 108 St. John's College Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin 15 130 109 Georgetown Georgetown, D. C 16 212 110 University of Deseret Salt Lake City, Utah 13 580 111 Trankliu and Marshall College Lancaster, Pa 12 130 The report of the Commissioner of Education enumerates 68 agricultural and scientific schools, the more important of which are associated with and form parts of older colleges and universi- ties. Many of them, however, have been founded on an independent basis. Those scientLflc institutions which received government aid by land grants number twentv-four, with ISO pro- fessors and over 2,000 students. The only schools maintained by the Federal Government are the United States Military Acad- emy and the United States Naval Academy. The former is situated at West Point, on the Hud- son river, in the midst of scenery unsurpassed for picturescLue beauty. It was established In 1802, and nearly all the officers of the regular army have there received their education and train- ing. The superintendent is usually an army officer of high rank. His military staff con.sists of an adjutant, quartermaster, treasurer, surgeon, and two assistant surgeons. The academic staff consists of the commandant of the cadets, who is also instructor of tactics, eight professors, and thirty-one assistant professors and instructoi-s. The number of pupils is 227. The discipline is strict, and the instruction very thorough, including the following branches : Military tactics, engijieering, natural and experimental philosophy, mathematics, drawing, chemistry, miner- alogy and geology, ethics and law, the French and Spanish languages, ordnance and gunnery. Candidates for admission to the Academy must be over 17 and under 22 years of age, and pass an examination in reading, writing, the elements of arithmetic, English grammar, geography, and the history of the United States. The Naval Academy, situated at Annapolis, Md., is under the charge of a superintendent, assist- ed by eight naval officers. The academic staff includes 67 professors and assistant professors who teach seamanship, mathematics, steam-engineering, astronomy and navigation, natural phil- osophy, ethics and English studies, the French and Spanish languages, and drawing. The num- ber of pupils is 253. Candidates for admission must be between 14 and 18 years of age, and must pass an examination similar to that which is required for admission into the military academy. Notwithstanding the great efforts of communities, associations, and individuals, to promote the cause of education in the United States, the number of adults who cannot read and write is still very large. According to the census for 1870 there are in the U. S. 5,658,144 illiterates over 10 years of age who cannot read or write ; that is, between 14 and 15 per cent, of the entire population. This proportion places our country, in regard to the dissemination of elementary education, far )n advance of England, France, Italy ; but it is sufficiently unfavorable to arrest the attention of every intelligent American citizen. The largest contingents to this army of illiterates are furnished by the colored people of the Southern states, formerly held in bondage, and those im- migrants who come from countries where popular education is notoriously neglected. Yet the soinainder of native whites who cannot read and write is much larger than the number of iO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. elementary schools in the country would seem to waiTant. In some places the school accommo. dations arc as yet inadequate, notably in the Southern states and the more sparsely inhat;i ted districts of the new territories. In others, however, educational facilities are abundant, but regular school attendance is not sufficiently enforced by those having the care of children. To remedy the evils consequent upon such neglect, legislation to compel attendance is recom- mended, and has been carried out in some localities. The distribfition of illiterates is, however, very unequal In the various sections of the country. In northern New England, central New York, northern Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, southern Michigan, and the hirger portion of Iowa, the percentage of illiterates to the whole popu- lation la less than 5 per cent. ; and varies in the remainder of the states north of the Missouil and Ohio rivers, from 5 to '20. The broad belt of country extending from Chesapeake Bay throxxgh the Cwoliiuis, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, southern Arkansas, and Texas, has a percentage of illiterates varying from 20 to CO ; but includes extensive tracts, where it rises to over 60 per cent. Libi-aries.—Tho Americans ai-e a nation of readers. In the northern and western states books are found iu almost every household, and works of a religious or popular character are issued in immense editions and sold all over the couutrj'. The sales of some works have reached tho enormous number of 200,000 copies and over. The census for 1870 gives the number of libraries in the United States as 104,81.'), containing 45,52S,93S volumes. Of these libraries 108,800, with 26,072, 420 vohimes, are private; and 55,015, with 19,459,518 volumes, are public. Large as these numbers may appear, they are far below the truth. The Commissioner of the Census remarks, that iu I'espectto certain states, the figures returned by the marshals were ludicrously disproportionate. Thus, for example, for the state of Connecticut, no returns of private Libraries were made at all, the deputy marshal reporting that no extra information could be obtained. The Congressional Library in Washington, probably the largest collection of books in the country, contained, In 1870, 190,000 volumes. The number of volumes in the libraries, both public and private, was, in Pennsylvania, 6,477,840; in Now York, 6,310,302; in Ohio, 3,687,363 ; in Illinois, 3,323,914 ; in Mas- sachusetts, 3,017,813; in Michigan, 2,174,744 ; in Kentucky, 1,909,230 ; in Maryland, 1,713,483 ; in Indiana, 1,125,553; in Virginia, 1,107,313 ; and in Missouri, 1,065,638. The liln-aries of the follo\ving States contained from 600,000 to 1,000,000 volumes : Alaljama, District of Columbia, Iowa, Louisi- ana, Maine, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, and Wisconsin. Wyoming and Arizona contain the least number of books, barely exceeding 2,000 in all libraries. 27te JPt-ess.— The, aggregate of the newspapers and periodicals published in the United States, in 1870, wart 5,871, issuing tho enornrous number Of 1,508,548,250 copies per annum, and having a total circulation of 20,842,475. Tlie average of copies issued during the year was 40 single numbers for every head of the population, and one newspaper and periodical was published for every 6,800 In- habitants. Of the aggregate number (5,871) there were 574 dailies, 107 tri-weeklies, 115 semi-week- lies, 4295 weeklies, 96 semi-monthlies, 622 monthlies, 13 bi-monthlies, and 49 quarterlies. Of the various interests represented, politics engrossed by far the largest number, viz. ; 4,333. The remainder comprised 93 agricultural journals ; 81 devoted to benevolent or secret societies; 142 commercial and fluancial journals; 503 illustrated, literary, and miscellaneous ; 407 religious ; 6 sporting ; 207 technical and professional ; while 79 contained only advertisements. XIV. GOVERNMENT. Tho United States is a federation of repixblican commonwealths, resting upon the broad basis of democratic institutions. The government of the United States was erected by the joint will of the people of the original thirteen colonies. In May, 1775, a congi-ess assembled in Philadelphia, and on the 4th of July of the following year issued the memorable Declaration of Indei)endenco, followed by a war with Great Britain, at the end of which the colonies were absolved from all allegiance to the British crown and became free and independent states. After protracted delib- erations. Congress on the 15th of November, 1777, agreed to the articles of confederation, but it was not until tlie 1st of March 1781, that these articles received the unanimous approval of all the states. Tho fundamental defect in this confederation was. that the decrees of the federal coun- oil were held subject to the states in their sovereign capacity. The council framed laws for poll- tical communities aud not for private individuals, and was clothed with no power to enforce its laws upon these political communities or states. The only coercion for disobedience was mili- tary force, instead of the decree and the arm of the civil magistrate. In May, 1787, delegates of all the states, except llhode Island, assembled iir general convention at Philadelphia, for the pur- pose of revising and amending the articles of confederation ; aud after several months of peace- ful deliberation agreed upon the plan of government which now forms the Constitution of tho United States. It was submitted in each state to a convention of delegates chosen for the piij-- pose, but over a year elapsed before it received the ratitlcation of a sufficient number of slates to give it a political existence, and nearly three years before it received the unanimous ratiflcatloa of all tho states aud thus bedamo the supreme law of the land. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 41 The Constitution as originally framed consists of seven articles. It determines the legal rela- tions between the federal government, on the one hand, and the state governments, on the other, and makes hut little reference to the riglits or duties of individual citizens. With the progress of time fifteen supplementary articles or " amendments" have been added, and nearly all of these define personal rights of individuals. The government, according to the Constitution, is composed of three distinct branches : the legislative, the judicial, and the executive. The lieslslatlv© power is vested in Congress. The Constitution defines it to be " the power lo make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution aU powers vested in the gcv- err ment or in any department or officer thereof." 1 he principal powers of Congress are : to lay and collect taxes and duties uniformly throughout the United States ; to borrow money on the credit of the United States ; to regulate commerce with foreign nations and between the several states ; to establish a uniform rule of naturaliza- tion and uniform laws of bankruptcy ; to coin money and fix the standard of weights and meas- ures ; to establish post-offlces and post-roads ; to declare war and grant letters of marcine ; to raise and maintain armies and a navy, and to make rules for their government ; to provide for organizing, arming and diseiptiiiing the militia, and to govern such as may be employed in the service of the United States ; to exercise exclusive legislation over the district in which is placed the seat of government of the United States, and over all places purchased for the erection of forts, arsenals and dock-yards. The Constitution prescribes the following i-estrictions upon the power of Congress : The privi- lege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it ; no bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed ; no capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the oflicial census enumeration ; no preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one state over those of another, nor shall vessels bound to or from one state pay duties in another ; no money shall be drawn from the treasury except in consequence of appropria- tions made by law ; nor shall any law be enacted respecting an establishment of religion, or pro- hibiting the exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances ; nor shall the validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties, be questioned ; and neither the United States nor any state shall pay any debt incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave. Congress consists of two branches : the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate is composed of two Senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof, for a term of six years. No person can be elected Senator who is under thirty years of age, and who has not been a citizen of the United States for nine years, and who is not, when elected, a citizen of the state for which he is chosen. The Senate has sole power to try impeachments, and when sitting for that purpose is under oath like courts of justice. If the Tresident bo tried, the Chief Justice of the United States is to preside. Tlie Senate has power to ratify or reject treaties with foreign powers, and it requires the concurrence of two-thirds of the senators pre- sent to authorize the President to make a treaty. The advice and consent of the Senate is necessary to confirm appointments made by the President. The Senate cannot originate any bill for raising revenue, but may propose amendments or concur in such bill. The Vice- president of the United States is ex officio president of the Senate. In his absence the Senate elects a president pro tempore. It further elects a secretary to record its proceedings, a sergeant- at-arms to attend and to arrest offenders, and a door-keeper to guard the entrance to the Senate Chamber. The House of Representatives is composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states.* A representative must have attained the age of 25 years, and must be a citizen and an inhabitant of the state for which he is chosen. The House chooses its own speaker, clerk, sergeant-at-arms, door-keeper, and other officers. It has exclusive power to originate bills for raising revenue. In ordinary legislative matters the powers and duties of both houses of Congress are legislative and advisory, but not judicial and executive. *The representatives are apportioned among the several states according to their respective number of inhabl tants. After each decennial census, Congress re-adjusts the proportion of population entitled to a represen- tative, and fixes anew the whole number of representatives, leaving the manner and time of state apportion- ment to the states themselves. Under the apportionment fixed subsequent to the census of 1870 the states became entitled to the following number of representatives respectively : Ala. 8 ; Ark. 4 ; Cal. 4 ; Conn. 4 ; Del. 1 ; Fla. 2; Ga. 9; 111.19; Ind. 13; Iowa, 9; Kan. 3; Ky. 10; La. 6; Me. 5; Md. 6; Mass. H; Mich. 9; Mln. 3; Miss. 6; Mo, 13; Neb. 1 ; Nev.l; N. H. 3 ; N. J. 7 ; N. Y. 33 ; N. C. 8 ; Ohio 20 ; Oreg. 1 ; Pa. 27 ; R. I. 2 ; 9. C. 5 ; Teun. 10 ; Texaa 6; Vt, 3 ; Va. 9 ; W. Va. 3 ; Wis. 8. Total, 292. 42 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. TI»e Judicial Power of the United States is vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The j udicial power extends over all cases in law and equity arising under the Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made under their authority ; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to -which the United States may be a party; to controversies between two or more states, between citizens of different states, between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of different elates, and between a state and a citizen thereof, or of a foreign state. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a Btate may be a party, the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction. In all other cases before men- tioned, the Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such excep- tions as Congress may make. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial tribunal in the United States. It is composed of a cliief justico and eight associate justices. The former presides in the court, regulates tlie order of business, controls the docket, and assigns to his associates the cases in which they are to pre- pare opinions. The chief justice and the associates hold their places for life, or during good behavior. The United States is divided into nine judicial circuits, in each of which a circuit court is held twice every year, for each state within the circuit, by a justice of the Supreme Court assigned to the circuit, and by the district judge of the state or district in which the court sits. The circuit courts have both original and appellate jurisdiction. They have concurrent jurisdic- tion with the state courts, where the matter in dispute exceeds the sum of $500, and the United States are plaintiffs or where an alien is a party, or Mdiere the controversy is between citi- zens of different states. They have exclusive jurisdiction in all cases of crimes against the laws of the United States, except where the law especially confers the power npon other courts. The district courts have original jurisdiction in all admiralty cases, and in most of the cases arising in custom-houses, and those growing out of bankruptcies. The Court of Claims was established in 1856. Before this time, persons who had claims against the government, which the departments refused to pay, had no remedy except by petition to Congress. This remedy, however, was in many cases unavailing or altogether delusive. Since the establishment of this court, a citizen may enforce his claims against the government as against another citizen, by legal process. The court consists ot live judges, who are appointed by the President, and hold their places during good behavior. In all matters and suits the gov- ernment is represented by the Attorney-General, the Solicitor-General, and two Assistant Attor- neys-General. The court has jurisdiction of claims founded upon a law of Congress, the i-egula- tion of an executive department, or of contracts express or implied, and of counter claims by the government. Tiie Executive Power is vested in the President, who is chosen by electors, each state being entitled to as manj'^ as it has senators and representatives in Congress. His term of office is four j'ears. The Vice-president, Avho is ex officio president of the Senate, is chosen at tht; same time and in the same manner as the President. The Constitution requires that both these officers shall be native-born citizens of the United States, and that they shall have attained the age of 35 years, and have been 14 years residents of the United States. The President is commander-in-chief of the army and navy, and of the militia of the several states when called into the service of the United States. He has power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment. He has also the power, by and with the advice of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the sena- tors present concur. The President nominates, and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoints the officers of government ; as ambassadors or public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supremo Court, and all executive officers of the government, except those whoso appoint- ment is otherwise provided for by the Constitution. The President receives foreign ministers and grants the exequatur to foreign consuls. He communicates to Congress by message at the opening of every session the condition of the country, and recommends such measures as he deems expedient. Every order, vote, or bill which requires the action of both Houses (except the resolution to adjourn) must be presented to the President for his signature and approval. It becomes a law if he appends his signature. The President has the power to veto any bill or resolution passed by both Houses. He does this by returning it to the House Avhere it originated, with a written message, stating his objections or reasons wliy he believes it ought not to become a law. If however. Congress then passes the bill by a majority of two-thirds of the members, it becomes a. law notwithstanding the President's veto. The Constitution directs that the President shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. In the discharge of his duties he is assisted by the highest executive officers, each of whom presides over one of the departments of gov eniment. These are collectively called the C«6»ie<, consisting of : 1, the Secretary of State; 2, THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 43 the Secretary of the Treasury ; 3, the Secretary of War ; 4, the Secretary of the Navy ; 5, the Sec- retary of the Interior; G, the Postmaster-General, and 7, the Attornej'-General. They are the President's constitutional advisers, and twice a week attend a meeting at his office for consulta- tion upon the executive duties of the Federal Government, or upon questions of policy. The Department of State was created by a law passed in July, 1780, and is presiiled over by the Secretary of State, who is, next to the President, the highest executive officer of the gov- ernment. This department corresponds to the foreign office in European states, and the office of Secretary of State, to tliat of their ministers for foreign affairs. The duties of the Secretary are the following: He holds intercoui-se with the ambassadors and ministers of foreign govern- ments accredited to ours, and conducts correspondence with them ; he prepares and issues instructions to our ministers and consuls abroad, and prescribes regulations for keeping their books and records, and receives their reports. He also collects and communicates to Congress all commercial information obtained through our ministers and consuls abroad, or from other sources. He receives the enrolled acts passed by Congress, that haA^e become laws, and promul- gates them. He causes the seal of the United States to be affixed to all civil commissions after they have been signed by the President. He has two Assistant Secretaries who perform such duties as may be prescribed by him or provided for by law. The other officers of the department are the Disbursing Agent, who has charge of its funds and accounts; the Translator, who fur- nishes translations of documents as required hy the department ; the Clerk of Appointments and Commissions, who makes out and records commissions, nominations to the Senate, exequa- turs, etc., and has charge of the department library; the Clerk of Rolls and Archives, who has charge of the enrolled acts of Congress as they are received from the President, prepares copies thereof, superintends their publication and that of treaties, and has charge of all Indian treaties ; and the Clerk of Authentications, who has charge of the seals of the United States and of the department, certifies to and authenticates documents, receives and accounts for fees, and records all letters other than the diplomatic and consular. The diplomatic agents representing our government abroad receive their instructions from and report to the Secretary of State. The highest in rank are the Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary to England, Germany, Prance, Russia, Spain, Austria, Italy, China, Mexico, Brazil, Chili, and Peru. Ministers Resident represent the United States in Denmark, Sweden and Norway, Netherland, Belgium, Portugal, Switzerland, Hawaiian Islands, Hayti, Turkej-, Greece, Japan, Nicai-agua, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Salvador, New Granada, Venezuela, Ecuador, the Argentine Republic, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Liberia. Secreta- ries of Legation are authorized in each country where there is a Minister Plenipotentiary or a Minister Resident. Assistant secretaries are aiithoi'ized for London and Paris. Consuls are public agents, residing in foreign countries, usually at important commercial cities and seaports, to watch over the commercial interests of our citizens. Tlie United States maintains about 75 consuls in the various parts of the world. The Treasury Department is presided over by the Secretary, who is charged with supervi- sion of the fiscal transactions and finances of the government, and execution of laws concern- ing commerce and navigation, the survey of the coast, the light-house establishment, the marine hospitals of the United States, and the construction of public buildings for custom-houses and other purposes. The business of the department is distributed among several bureaus, each ol which has its specific duties and is under the direction of a responsible chief. The First Controller prescribes the mode of keeping and rendering accounts for the civil and diplomatic service, and the public lands. The Second CbniroZier keeps and renders accounts for the army and navy departments and the Indian bureau. There are six auditors iu the department, who examine and adjust the accounts of the United States with individuals. The First Auditor adjusts the accounts of the customs, the revenue, and the appropriations and expenditures of the civil list, and reports the balances to the First Controller and the Com- missioner of Customs. The Second Auditor adjusts all accounts relating to the pay, clothing, and recruiting of the army, and those relating to the Indian Department, and reports the balances to the Second Controller. The Third Auditor adjusts all accounts for subsistence of the army, for fortifications, the military academy, military roads, the quarter-master's department, pensions, claims arising from military services prior to 1861, for horses and other property lost in the military service, and reports the balances to the Second Controller. The Fourth Auditor adjusts all accounts for the service of the Navy Department, and reports the balances to the Second Controller. The Fifth Auditor adjusts all accounts for the diplomatic and consular services under the direc- tion of the State Department, and reports the balances to the First Controller. 44 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Tho l^xth Auditor adjusts all accounts ai'islug from the service of tlie Post-offlce Department. His decisions are final, unless an appeal is taken -within 12 months to the First Controller. He also directs ■writs and legal proceedings to enforce the prompt payment of moneys due to the department. He has cliarge of all lands and property assigned to the United States in payment of debts to 1 he Post-offlce Department. The Commissioner of Customs prescribes the mode of keeping and rendering the accounts of customs, revenue, and disbursement, and for the building and repairing of cu*t»m-houses. The Treasurer receives and keeps the moneys Of the United States in his office, and disburses tile same upon warrants drawn by the Secretary of the Treasury, countersigned by the lirat Conti oiler, and upon warrants drawn by the Postmaster-General, countersigned by the Sixth Auditor, 'file Registe" keeps the accounts of public receipts and expenditures ; receives the returns of commerce and navigation ; and receives from the Fii'st Controller and Commissioner of Cus- toms all accounts and vouchers adjusted by them. The Solicitor superintends all civil writs commenced by the United States (except those arisuig in the Post Office Department). He receives returns from each term of the United States courts, showing the progress of such suits, has charge of all land and property assigned to the United States in payment of debts (except those assigned for debts due the Post-offlce Department), and has power to sell and dispose of the same for the benefit of the United States. Tho Commissioner of Internal Revemte has charge of all matters connected with the tax laws and the collection of the direct taxes. The number of officers of the Treasury J)epartment employed in Washington exceeds three thousand. The Light-House Board is under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, who is ex-offlcio president thereof. This Board directs the building and repairing of light-houses, light-vessels, buoys, and beacons. The coast is divided into thirteen light-house districts. Tho United States Coast Survey is under the administration of the Treasury Department. It was established in 1802, for the purpose of surveying the coasts and harbors, and prepai-ing accurate maps and charts thereof. The scientific work and opex'ations are carried on by a superintendent and a corps of assistants, consisting of civilians and officers of the army and navy. Collectors.— Thii seaboard frontiers of the United States are divided into 62 collection districts, for each of which there is a collector of customs appointed by the President, with the consent of the Senate. The collectors issue clearances, or permits to leave, to all vessels sailing from the United States ; certify to the correctness of manifests or bills of lading; keep account of vessels built within their districts, and make returns to the Register of the Treasury of imports and exports. Vessels arriving from foreign ports hand to the collector manifests of their cargoes, on which the duties are computed, and before the goods can be landed these duties must be paid The collectors are aided in the perfonnance of their various duties by a number of clerks, appraisers, weighers, gangers, and inspectors. The importance of these officers will be understood when it is known that during the fiscal year ending .Tune 30, 1872, there were collected $216,370,286 in import duties, which passed through the hands of the collectors. For tho larger ports, so-called naval officers are appomted, who countersign all pennits, clear- ances, certificates, and other documents to be granted by the collectors ; they also examine the collectors, accounts of receipts and expenditures, and certify to them. The surveyors are sta- tioned at the larger ports onlj-, and supei-intend the inspectors, weighers, and gaugers, and report to the collectors those who fail in the performance of their duties. The United States is divided into a large number of internal revenue districts, in each of which there is a collector, making assessments and collecting the direct taxes. The Mint and Coinage.— The principal mint is at Philadelphia, and branches are at San Fmn- cisco and Denver City. In the city of New York there is an assay-office, where gold and silver bullion, gold dust, and foreign coins are refined and assayed. The coining of all moneys is per- formed undei' regulations prepared by the Secretary of the Treasury. Fifteen pounds of silver are declared to be equal to one pound of gold. In coining, one-tenth of alloy is added to the gold and silver bullion (silver and copper in equal proportions to the former, copper alone to the latter). Tho coins of the United States are as follows : GOLD COINS. Value. Double Eagle $20 Eagle 10 Half Eagle 5 Quarter Eagle 2.50 Dollar 1 NICKEL COINS. Value. rive Cent Piece $ O.O.t Three Cent Piece 0.03 Weight. ,510 gi'ains. 258 do. 129 do. 64V. 2061 2U graing. 1614 do. 41 H 20?i 125I do. do. do. do. Weight. O''^ grains 43 do. THE UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA. 45 The Superintendent of the Coast Survey is ex officio Superintendent of Weights and Measures. Avoirdupois weight is used in weighing all articles except gold, silver, and precious stones. The pound of this weight is divided into 16 ounces, and one ounce into 16 drachms. One hundred pounds constitute a hundi-ed-weight, and 20 hundred-weight, or 2,000 pounds, a ton. Troy weight is used in weighing gold, silver, and precious stones. One pound troy weight is divided into 12 ounces ; one ounce into 20 pennyweights, and one pennyweight into 24 grains. The unit of liquid measure is the gallon. One gallon consists of i quarts ; one quart, of 2 pints ; and one pint, of i gUls. The unit ot dry measure is the bushel, which is 18i^ inches in diameter by 8 inches deep, and contains 2,150 2-5 cubic inches. One bushel dry measure contains 4 pecks ; one peck, 8 quarts ; one quart, 2 pints. A brass scale of 82 inches length, made by Troughton, of London, and sent to the Coast Sur- vey ofBce in Washington, where it is still preserved, was made the United States standard for long measure. This scale, although intended to be identical Avith the English Imperial standard, was found, upon careful comparison with eleven carefully made meter-etalons, to differ slightly from the English scale. One meter was found to be equal to 39.36850535 United States inches, or 3.28070878 American feet ; while it is, according to comparisons made in England, equal to 3.2808992 English Imperial feet. This difference is so slight that it becomes perceptible only in measurements of considerable length ; yet it is large enough to justify the use of the term American measure, as distinct from English measure. The following table gives the values adopted in the United States Coast Survey : American Measure. English Measure. 1 Foot=0.30431218 meters. 0.304794494 meters. 1 Tard=3 feet=0.91443654 meters. 0.91438348 " lFathom=6feet=1.8288730S meters. 1.82876696 " 1 Pole, Perch, or Rod— 5^^ yard3=5.0294055 meters. 5.029109 " 1 Furlong=220 yards=201.1760388 meters. 201.161366 " 1 Statute mile=8 furlongs=l,760 yards=1609.4083 met. 1609.3149 " One square mile contains 640 acres, or one section of land; and 36 sections make one town- ship. Since 1865 Congress has atithorized the use of the French metric system. The Finances of the United States are in a prosperous condition. The moneys received into the Treasury during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1872, were : Prom customs $216,370,286 77 Sales of public lands 2,575,714 19 Internal Revenue 130,642,177 72 Tax on national bank circulation, etc 6,523,396 33 Ke-pa5'iuent of interest by Pacific Railroad companies 747,861 87 Customs, fines, etc 1,136,442 34 Fees— Consular, patent, land, etc 2,284,095 92 Miscellaneous sources 4,412,254 71 Total ordinary receipts $:364,692,229 91 Premium on sales of coin 9,412,637 65 Total net receipts $374,104,867 56 Balance in Treasury, June 80, 1871, Including $18,228.35 received from" unavailable " 109,935,705 59 Total available cash $484,040,573 15 The net expenditures by warrants during the same period, were: For civil expenses $ 16,187,059 20 Foreign intercourse 1,839,369 14 Indians 7,601,728 89 Pensions 28,533,402 76 Military establishment, including fortifications, river and harbor improvements, and arsenals 3.5,372,157 28 Naval establishment, including vessels and machinery and improvement at navy- yards 21,249,809 02 Miscellaneous civil, including public buildings, light-houses, and collecting revenue 42,958.329 00 Interest on the public debt 117,357,839 72 Total, exclusive of principal and premium on the public debt $271,099,695 01 Premium on bonds purchased 6,958,266 76 Redemption of the public debt 99,960,253 54 Total $106,918,520 30 Total net disbursements $378,018,215 31 Balance in Treasury June 30, 1872 '..'....' .", '. 106,022,357 84 Total $484,040,573 15 The receipts exceeded the expenditures by over 94 millions of dollars, and whUe the balance remaining in the Treasury was more than 106 millions, nearly 107 millions were applied to the 46 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. reduction of the national debt. The expenditures have considerably decreased during the last three years. They amounted to 310 millions in the fiscal year ending June 30, 1S70, and to 29-2 millions in the following year. The reduction of import duties has produced a considerable increase in the revenue deriveeft<.— When, after the war for independence, the charge of the national finances was confided to Alexander Hamilton, the consolidated debt of the United States amounted to $125,000,000 ; a very heavy burden, considering the sparse population and small wealth of the coun- try. But the interest on this lai-go amount was regularly paid, and in 1812 the principal was reduced to |45,000,000, when the war with Great Britain raised it to an aggregate of $75,000,000. The protective tariff of 1816, 1824, and 1828 increased the revenues of the government, so that in 1836 every dollar of this debt was paid, and a surplus of iJ3f ,000,000 was accumulated in the treasury. At the breaking out of the Mexican war the national debt was $16,750,000 ; but from that time it rose until it reached, in 18.')3, $07,341,000. The following year it was reduced to $47,000,000, and in 1857 it was but .$29,000,000. During Mr. Buchanan's administration the income fell off, and the debt again increased to $64,709,703 on the 1st of July 1800. The enormous expenditures for the prose- cution of the civil Avar raised the national debt to \inpreeedented figures. It was : On July 1st 1861 $ 90,867,829 On July 1st 1867 $2,692.199,21.«( " " 1862 514,211,372 " " 1S08 2,030,320,964 " " 1803 1,098,793,181 " " 1869 2,489,002,480 " " 1.SX)4 1,740,090,489 " '• 1870 2,380,358,599 " " 1805 2,682,,593,026 " " 1871 2,292,030,835 " " 1800 2,783,425,879 " " 1872 2,191,480,343 On the first of October, 1872, the debt had been further reduced to $2,160,994,077, showing a decrease during the administration of President Grant of $.358,408,582. The national debt on the last named date consists of the following items : Debt bearing interest in coin. Bonds «,t 6 per cent $1 ,.357,013,000 " " " " Bonds at 5 per cent 414,.567,.300 Debt bearing interest in currency 21,203,000 Debt on Avhich interest has ceased since maturity 5,4S0,.549 Debt bearing no intei'cst, legal tender notes, gold certificates, fractional currency,etc. 4.37,980,346 Interest due 33,221,901 Total DelJt $2,209,532,096 Debt, less cash in treasury 2,100,994,077 The Department of the Interior was established in 1849, To the secretary of this depart- ment is assigned the general supervision and management of the following bureaus, or branches of the public service : the General Land Ofiice ; the Pension Bureaii ; the Indi.an Oflice ; the Bureau of Education ; the Patent Office ; and the Dcpartinont of Agriculture. The Secretary has, besides, the supervision of the United States marshals and attorneys, and of the clerks of the United States courts. He has also the duty of taking and returning the census of the United States. The General Land Office is under the management of a Commissioner, who is charged with tho surveys and the sale of the public domain. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1872, public lands were disposed of as follows : Cash sales 1,370,320 acres. Grants to railroads 3,554,887 acres. Located with military land war- Grants to wagon roads 465,347 " rants 389,400 " Approved to states as swamps, 714,215 " Taken for homesteads 4,071,332 " Indian scrip locations 5,7(>0 " Located with college scrip 093,013 " Total 11,804,9.34 acres. This amount is greater by 1,099,270 acres than was disposed of daring the preceding year. The cash receipts imder tho various heads amounted to $.3,218,100. There were surveyed daring the same period 22,016,008 acres, which, added to the quantity surveyed before this year, amounted to 583,304,780 acres ; leaving unsurveyed an area of 1,2.")1, 0,33,020 acres. There are eighty-two land districts in the states and territories, in which there are still public lands for sale, viz. : In Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, one in each ; in Missouri, three ; in Alabama, three; in Mississippi, one; in Louisiana, two; in Michigan, five; in Arkansas, four; in Florida, one ; in Iowa, four ; in jMontana, Arizona, and Utah, one in each ; in Wisconsin, six ; in California, nine ; in Nevada, four; in Minnesota, seven ; in Oregon, three , in Kansas, five; in Washington Territory, tlu-ee ; in Nebraska, five ; in New Mexico, one ; in Dakota, three; in Colorado, four; in Idaho, two ; and in Wyoming, one. The Commissioner of Pensions is chai'ged with the examination and adjudication of all claims arising under the variotis laws of Congress, granting bounty land or pensions for military and naval services in the revolutionary and subsequent wars. There were on tho i-olls (on June 30, 1872), the names of 95,405 military invalid pensioners, and of 113,518 widows, orphans, and depend- ent relatives of soldiers, who received a total of annual pensions of $2.3,112,033. On the same ^ay there were on tho rolls the names of 3,179 naval pensioners, and widows, orphans, and rclatin ts, who received annually $105,537. THE UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA. 47 The Commissioner of tho Indian Office superintends and directs all the public business relatinpf to the Indians. Ho represents tho government in the treaties made with them, causes to be distributed the annuities and presents, and carries out the policy adopted toward them by tho government. Ho is aided by fourteen superintendents stationed in different places at tho West. A number of agents are appointed by the President, who reside among the Indians and look after their interests and rights. Tho Patent Office is under the direction of a commissioner, who is charged with the perform- ance of "all acts touching the granting and issuing of letters patent for new inventions, discov. eries, and improvements." He is assisted by a corps of examiners and assistant examiners, who ascertain whether an invention, for which a patent is applied for, is new and useful or not, and report to him their opinion in wi-iting. The Commissioner issues the Patent Office Oftlcial Gazette, a monthly publication, which contains his decisions, the decisions of the Supreme Court, and the Circuit Courts, in patent cases, all changes in the rules of practice in the office, notices of all applications for extension of patents, a brief of the specifications, and the full claim of all patents issued, together with illustrations. The number of applications for patents, re-issues, and designs for the year ending June 30, 1S72, was 19,587; the number of applications for exten- sion of patents was 284 ; the number of applications for the registering of trade-marks was 589. During the same year there were granted 13,626 patents ; 233 extensions ; 550 cei'tiflcates of regis- try for trade-marks ; and there were filed 3,100 caveats. The fees were $700,954.86, and the expen- ditures $323,55().90. The Department of Agriculture is under the direction of a commissioner, whose general duties are to obtam and diffuse among the people of the United States useful information on subjects connected with agriculture, and to prociire, propagate, and distribute new and valuable seeds and plants. Ho emploj'S botanists, entomologists, and other persons to assist liini in tho per- formance of his various duties. Tho Bureau of Education consists of a commissioner and three clerks. His duties are to col- lect such statistics and facts as shall show the condition and progress of education in the states and territories, and to diffuse such information respecting the organization and management of schools and respecting school systems and methods of teaching as shall aid the people of the United States in the establishment and maintenance of efficient school systems, and other- wise promote the cause of education throughout the countrj% Tbe Department of War was created in 1789, Aug. 7, in order to enable tho President to carry out the provisions of the Constitution relating to military affairs, and is in charge of the Secretary of War, who issues commissions, directs the movement of troops, superintends their payment, stores, clothing, arms, equipments, and ordnance, and ojonducts the works of military engineering. The bui-eaus among which these multifarious duties are distributed are under the direction of army officers. The office of the Commanding General is ordinarily called the Headquarters of the Army, and is situated in Washington. The General has charge of the discipline of the army, the distribution of troops, and the superintendence of recruiting. In the Office of the Adjutant- General are kept all the records relating to the personnel of the army, the muster rolls of the troops, and the correspondence with the administrative depart- ments. All orders emanating from either tho Secretary of War or the Commanding Gen- eral are transmitted and published through this office, and the annual returns of the army are received by it. The Quartermaster-GeneraV s Office provides quarters and transportation for the troops, storage and transportation for all army supplies, army clothing, cavalry and artillery horses, forage, etc. It has charge of the barracks and the national cemeteries. The Commissary- GeneraVs Office provides subsistence stores, constituting the rations for the troojjs and garrison. T\ie, 1,594 bush. ; Indian-corn, 253,- 261 bush.'; oats, 40,327 bush.: Irish pot's, 25,- 321 bush. ; sweet pot's, 89 bush. ; wool, 16,- 905 lbs. ; butter, 77,067 lbs. ; hay, 8,490 tons ; cashvalueof farms, $1,385,963. Total estimated value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $;>58,207. Total value of manufactures, $155,519. Quincy is the co. seat. Adams, co. in Miss., S W. part. Area about 4.50 sq. mis. Pop., 19,084; in 1860, 20,16.5. The Homochitto R. forms the southern boundary ; the Mississippi R. the western. The latter stream is here bordered by blufts several hundred feet in height. Agr. productions in 1870 : Cotton, 20,140 bales ; wheat, 385 bush. ; Indian corn, 177,307 bush. ; Irish pot's, 2,284 bush. ; sweet pot's, 26,469 bush. ; butter, 11,035 lbs. ; hav, 3,144 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,184,447. 'Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., 1,806,035. Total value of manu- factures, $192,540. Natchez is the co. seat. Adams, co. in Nebraska, 8. part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop. 19. This co. includes the sources and headwaters of the Little Blue R. and the Middle Blue K. The surface is elevated and undulating, and consists mostly of prairies. Agricultural productions in 1870": Wheat, 1,270 bush. ; Indian-corn, 425 bush. ; oats, 1,515 bush.; Irish pot's, 400 bush. ; butter, 790 lbs. ; hay, 1,071 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,940. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm proiluctions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $7,605. Adams, co., in Ohio, S. p.art. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop. 20 750 ; in 1860, 20,309. It bor- ders on the Ohio R. and is drained by Brush Cr., with its branches. The surface is roll- ing and the soil fertile. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 162,677 bush. ; rye, 2,123 bush. ; Indian-corn, 772,899 bush. ; oats, 156,073 bush. ; Irish pot's, 39,542 bush. ; sweet pot's, 4,530 bush.; butter, 434,664 lbs. ; hay, 9,6.56 tons. Cash value ot farms, $5,715,694. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to Stock, etc., $';, 528,105. Total value of manufa(5- tures, $.5.58,00u ; West Union is the co. seat. Adams, co. in Pa, S. part. Area, 530 sq. mis.; pop., 30,315 ; in 1860, 28,006. The western part ia occupied by the South Mountain ; the ea^stern is hilly, and includes broad and fertile valleys. The soHrces of the MonocacyR., an affluent of the Potomac, and those of the Conewago Cr., an affluent of the Susquelianna, are in this CO. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 494,.346 bush. ; rye, 33,425 bush. ; oats, 636,828 bush. ; In- dian-corn, 757,019 bush. ; Irish pot's, 1,005,303 bush. ; sweet pot's., 15,998 bush. ; butter, 957 020 lb9. : hay, 57,835 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,- 611,060. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc, $3,. 228,241. Total value of manufactures, $1,41.5,126. Gettysburgh is the co. seat. Adanis, co. in Wis., central part. Ai-ea, 650 sq. mis. ; pop., 6,601 ; in 1860, 6,492. The Wiscon- sin R. forms the western boundarj-. The sur- face is undulating, and the soil of the river valleys very productive. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 123,4,54 bush. ; rye, 160,701 bush. ; Indian-corn, 114,320 bush. ; oats, 88,831 bush. ; Irish pot's, 64,343 bush. ; sweet pot's, 132 bush.; butter, 277,530 lbs. ; hav, 10,271 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,205,135. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions tostock, etc., $510,024. Total value manu- factures, $157,775. Priendship is the co. seat. Adams, v. in Irwin CO., Ga., on the Ocmulgee R., 96 nils, from Milledgeville. Adams, p. v. in Adams co., 111., 18 mis. E. S. E. of Quincy. Adams, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,662. Adams, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 2,388. Adams, tn. in Carroll co., Ind. Pop., 1,140. Adams, tn in Cass co. Ind. Pop., 807. Adams, tn. in Decatur co., Ind. Pop., 2,162. Adams, p. v. in the above township ; on. the Indianapolis & Cincinnati R. R., 5 mis. N. "W. of Greensburgh. Pop., 500. Adams, tn. m Hamilton co., Ind. Pop., 2,178. Adams, tn. in Madison co., Ind. Pop., 1,.564. Adams, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 1,207. Adams, tn. in Ripley co., Ind. Pop., 2,703. Adams, tn in Dallas Co., Iowa. Pop., 1,015. Adams, tn. in Delaware CO., Iowa. Pop., 730. Adams, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 866. Adams, tn. iu Mahaska co., Iowa. Pop., 835. Adams, tn. in Wapello co., Iowa. Pop., 1,363. Adams, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 12,090. Adams, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pitts- lii-ld & N.Adams R. R., 141^ mis. N. of Pittsfleld. Adams, tn. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop., 1,797. Adams, tn. in Houghton co., Mich. Pop., 670. Adams, tn. in Mower co., Minn. Pop., 576. Adams, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. by K. R , S. E. of Austin, the co. seat. Adams, tn. in De Kalb co.. Mo. Pop., 879. Adams, p. o. in Gage co., Nebr. Adams, tn. in Jeflerson co., N. Y. Pop., 3,348. ^Adams, p. v. in the above tn.,onthe Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg R. R., 13 mis. S. of Watertown. Pop., 1,000. One newspaper. Adams, tn. in Champaign co., Ohio. Pop., 1,233. Adams, tn. in Seneca CO., Ohio, on Green Cr. Pop., 1,.537. Adams, p. o. in the above tn. Adams, tn. in Clinton co., Ohio. Pop., 883. Adams, tn. in Lucas co.,Ohio. Pop., 959. Adams, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 2,291. Adams, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop. ,1,113. Adams, tn. in Defiance co., Ohio. Pop., 1,220. Adams, tn. in Monroe CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,201. Adams, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 762. Adams, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop. 727. Adams, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop. 1,7(<5. Adams, p. v. in Armstrong co., Pa., 5^4 mis. S. by W. of Cunningham. Adams, tn. in Adanis CO., Pa. Pop , 425. Adanis, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 973. Adams, tn. in Cambria co., Pa. Pop., 836. Adams, tn. in Greene co., Pa. Pop., 1,007. AUAMS. 62 ADRIAN. Adams, In. in Arlanis co., Wis. Pop., 423. Adaniie), tn. in Greeiio co., Wia. Pop., 1,007. Adantj^, p. o., iu Walworth co.. Wis. Adams Baffin, p. v., in Monroe co., N. Y., on llie Erie Canal and the Niagara Br. of the N. Y. Central R. K., n]4 mis W. of Rocliester. Adamsborougb, p. o. in Cass co., Ind. AdaiU'^burg'li, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Ark. Adaiusburj^h, p. v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., 6 nils. W. of Greensburg, and 1 mle S. of Manor Statioti on the Pennsylvania K. R. Adainsbtirg'li, v. in Gasconade co.. Mo. *Adams Centre, p. v in Jefferson co.,N.Y., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg R. R., 10 miles S. of Watertown, and 59 mis. from Eome. Has flouring mills and manufactories, and is surrounded by a fertile farming dis- trict. One newspaper. Adams Centre, p. o. in Adams co.. Wis. Adams' Mills, p. o. iu Pulaski co., Ky. Adams' Mills, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio ; on tiie Pittsburg, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 10 nils. S. of Coshocton. Adams, Mount, a pk. iu the White Mts. of N. II., 5,7!)i feet above the sea-level. Adams, Mount, a pk. in the Cascade Mts. of Oregon, in 45° 15' N. hit. and 1-21° 16' W. long. It lies more than 20 mis. E. of the main crest, and has an estimated height above the level of the sea of 9,.570feet. Adams Peak, p. o. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. Adams Ridge, p. o. In Defiance co., Ohio. Adams' Run, i). v. in Colleton district, S. C, ou the Charleston and Savannah R. R., H}^ mis. N. E. of Jacksonborongh. Adamson, tu. iu Clayton co'., Ga. Pop., 1,235. Adams' Station, p. o. in Albany co., N. Y. Adams' Station, p. o. in Robertson CO., Tenn. Adamstown, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 10 mis S. W. of Reading. Adamstown, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., on Baltimore antl Ohio R. R., 4^ mis. N. E. of Pointof Rocks, and 10 mls.S. byVV.of Freilerick. Adamsville, tu. in Pima co., Ariz. Pop., 400. Adamsville, p. o. in Bradley co.. Ark. Adamsville, p. o. iu Kent cb., Del. Adamsville, p. o. iu Sumter co., Fla. Adamsville, p. v. iu Franlclln co., Mass., 10 mis. N. of Shelburne Falls, on Troy & Green- field R. R A.dam.4ville, p. v. in Cass co., Mich., 4J^ mis. E. of Edwardsburg. Pop., 101. Adamsville, p. o. in Greene co.. Miss. Adamsville, p. v. iu Washington co., N. T., 3J4 nils. S. E. of Smith's Basin, ou Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R. Adamsville, v. in Albany co. N. Y., on the Alljany & Susquehanna 11. R.,tjnils. S. W. of Albany. Adamsville, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, 13 mis. N. E. of Zanesville. Pop., 280. Adamsville, p. v. in Crawford co., Pa,, 2 mis. W. of Fallowlield on Atlantic & Gr. West- ern R. R. Adamsville, p. v. in Newport co.. R. I., near tlie eastern bounilary of tlie State. It has a daily stage connection with New Bedford, Mass., a distance of 15 mis. 4.damsville, p. v. in McNairy co., Tenn., 9 mis. E. of Purdy, the co. seat. Adamsville, p v. iu Beaver co., Utah, in Lin- coln Mining District, lo mis. W. of Beaver, the CO. seat. Pop. 179. Adamsville, p. o. in Harrison co. W. Va. Adamsville, p. o. in Iowa co., Wis. Adario, p. v. m Richland co., Ohio, 15]4 mis. E. of Slielljy ou the ClevelauU, Columbus, Cin- cinnati & Indianai)olis R. R. AdiJams' Tavern, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Addicvllle, p. o in Washington co., III. Addison, CO. in Vermont, W part. Area, about 7.")0 sii. miles. Pop. iu ISiiO, 21,010 ; in IS/O, 2o,4S4. It borders on Lake Cham))laiu. The K. imrt is occupied by the principal range of the Green Mts. ; tlie SV. part is level or gently wndulating. The co. is drained by Otter Cr. and its affluents. Grazing is carried on iu the mountainous and hilly districts. Wool of a superior quality is also produced. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 57,725 bush.; rye, 13,201 bush. ; Indian-corn, 144,2.57 bush. ; oats, 334,446 bush. ; Irish pot's, 317,043 bush. ; wool, 495,771 lbs ; butter, 1,723,437 lbs. ; hay, 114,293 tons. Cash value of farms ; $16,- 001,518. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $.3,055,768. Total value of manufactures, $1,9.50,725. Middlebury is the co. seat. Addison, tu. in Du Page co.. III. Pop., 1,613. Addison, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Dauby. Addison, tn in Shelby co., Ind. Pop., 2,677. Addison, p. o. in Humboldt co., Iowa. Addison, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 1.201. Addison, p. v. In Lenawee co., Mich., 5\4 nils. S. of Somerset, on the Mich. Cen. R. R. Addison, tn. in Oakland co , Mich. Pop., 1,063. Addison, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 2,218. Addison, p. v. in the above tn., on Canisteo R. and the Erie R. R., 11 mis. W. of Corning, and 150 miles from Buffalo. Has a woolen factory, an iron foundry and one newspaper. Addison, tn. in Gallia co., Ohio. Pop., 1,340. Addison, p. o in the above tn., on Ohio R. Addison, tn. in Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., 1,453. Addison, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. E. of Somorfield. Addison, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 911. Addison, p. o. in the above tn. Addison, tn. in Washington co.. Wis. Pop. l.s;«. Addison, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. W. of West Bend. Addison Hill, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., 7 mis. S. S. W. of the village of Addison. Addison Point, p. v. iu Washington co., Me., 2'.^ nils. S. of Columbia. Adel, tn. iu Dallas co., Iowa. Pop., 1,.533. *Adel, p. V. in the above tu. and the co. seat, 26 mis. W. of Des Moines, on the left bank of Coon R., surrounded by a rich farming dis- trict. One newspaper. Pop., 711. Adelescat, p. o. in Union co.. Dak. Adeline, p. v. iu Ogle co., 111., 6 mis. E. of For- eston, on the III. Cen. R. R. Adell, p v. iu Sheboygan co.. Wis., 15 mis. S. W. of Sheboygan. Adelplii, p. b. in Polk co., Iowa. Adelphi, p. v. iu Ross co., Ohio, 15'^ mis. S. E. of Circlevillo, and 67 N. E. of Columbus. Pop., 417. Adena, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Ohio. Aflirondack, p. o. in Warren co., N. Y. Adirondack Mountains, the name of an ex- tensive mountain system in N. E. New York. They consist of a series of moun- tain groups and ranges, trending chieAy from N. E. to S. W , and included in Franklin, Clinton, Essex, Warren, Hamilton and Herki- mer cos. The fo-llowiug are the most promi- nent ranges : The Kayaderosseras rge., ex- tending along the W. shore of Lake George, and terminating abruptly on LakeChamplain; the Clinton rsje., W. of it ; the Au S.ible rge. still further W., including the highest pk. of the system, Mt. Marcy (5,379 feet); the Cha- teaug'ay rge., and lastly tlie St. Lawrence rge. W. of the latter extends the Black River I'la- teau, wliieli is in the mean L.'JOO feet high. The Adironducks are noted for their giand and picturesque scenery. Many clear blue lakes occuiiy the depi'essions, and the mountain slopes are covered with magnificent forests. Game and fish are abundant. Valuable iron ore abounds in several jmrtions. Adkins' Mills, )i. o. in AVayne co., W. Va. Adrian, ii. v. in Hancock co.. 111., on the Bur- lington, Carthage & Quincy R. R., 24 mis. from Ihirlingtou. ADRIAN, 68 AKRON. Adrian, tn in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 1,451. "'Adrian, city in the above tn. and co. seat, 8.3 mis. S S. fi. of Lansino', on a branch of the Karsin R., is the centre of a flourishing grain- growing region. Flouring mills and manu- factories are numerous. Tlie Lake Shore and Michigan Southern R. R. connects it with Toledo (33 rals.). Chicago (-211 mis.), and De- troit (73 mis.). Adrian has many beautiful public buildings and private residences. Pop., 8,4;38. Three newspapers. Adrian, p. v. in Steuben co., N. T., on the Can- isteo R. R.. and the Buffalo Branch of the Erie R. R., 7\4 mis. S. E. of Hornellsville. Adrian, p. v. in Seneca co., Ohio, on Sandusky and Cleveland R. R., lli^ mills or $1.85 per he^jjl of population. Jiducation.—Tlw Constitution provides that a state Board of Education shall establish throughout the state, in each township or other school district, one or more schools, at which all the children between the ages of five and twenty one years may attend free of charge. Nearly 4,000 public schools were established under this proviso during the first scholastic year of 1868. The University of Alabama, located at Tusca- loosa, is also placed under the control of this board, who, in this respect, act as its "regent.i," The Medical College of Alabama, located in Mo- bile, and the Law School atMontgomer3% which were chartereil in 1860, are branches or depart- ments of the University. Besides the University, there are throe col- legiate institutions in Alabama, viz. : Spring Hill College (Uoman Catholic), in St. Joseph ; Howard College (Baptist), in Marion; and the Emerson Institute in Mobile. The total number of children of school age in 1870 wa,s estimated at 336,000; of whom about 160,000, or less than one-half, were in the public schools. There are no data which show to what extent the remaining hall enjoy educational ad- vantages, or whether they enjoy any. Accord- ing to the census reports there were in 1850, 33,- 757 white adults in the state, who could neither read nor write. In 1860 the class of illiterates had increased to 37,605. The census reports 89 newspapers, published in the state, which have a circulation of 91,165. Of these there were 9 dailies, 2 tri-wecklies, 2 semi-weeklies and 76 weeklies. Counties. — Alabama is divided into the fol- lowing 68 counties : Autauga, Baker, Baldwin, Barbour, Benton, Bibb, Blount, Bullock, But- ler, Calhoun, Chambers, Cherokee, Choctaw, Clarke, Clay, Cleburne, Cottee, Colbert, Cone- cuh, Coosa, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, Dallas, De Kalb. Elmore, Escambia, Etowah, Fayette, Franklin, Geneva, Greene, Ilale, Henry, Jack/ son, Jefferson, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone,Lowndes, Macon, Madison, Marengo, Marion, Marshall, Mobile,Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Perry, Pickens, Pike Randolph, Rus- sell, Sanford, Shelby, St. Clair, Sumter, Talla- dega, Tallapoosa, I'uscaloosa, Walker, Wash- ington, Wilcox, Winston. The city of Mont- gomery, on the Alabama R., is the capital of the state. Alabama, tn. In Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 8015. Alabama, tn. in Sacramento co., Cal. Pop., 335 Alabama, tn. comprising the N. W. part of Genesee co., N. Y. It is traversed by Tona- wanda Cr. Pop., 1,805. Alabama, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. N. W. of Batavia. Alabama, p. v. in Huston co., Texas, on the left bank of the Trinity R., 144 mis. in a direct line N. N. W. of Galveston. Alabama, p. o. in Polk co.. Wis. Alabaster, tn. in Iosco co., Mich. Pop., 235. AlabaAter, p. o. in the above tn. Alachna, a co. in Fla., N. W part. Area, about 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., in 1860, 8,232 ; in 1870, 17,338. It borders W. on the Suwanee R., and N. on the Santa Fe R. The Orange Lake occupies the S. part ; and N. of it extends the grassy plain, called the Alachua Savannah. The surface of the country is undulating or level. The CO. seat is Gainsville. Agr. productions in 1870 : Cotton, 2,199 bales ; Rice, 300 lbs. ; Oats, 8,450 bush. ; Indian-corn, 168,580 bush. ; Irish pot's, 615 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,264 bush. Cash value of farms, $1,550,079. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $624,622. Value ol manufactures, $288,480. Alaciilsa, tn. in Murray CO., Ga. Pop., 519. Alafla, p. o. in Hillsborough co., Fla. Alaidon, tn in Ingham co.. Mich. Pop., 1,296. Alamance, co. in N. C, N. central part. Area, aliout 500 sq. mis. Pop. in I860, 11,8,52 ; in 1870, 11,874. It is drained by the Haw R. and its tributary Alamance Cr. The surface is undu- lating,tlie soil fertile. Graham is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Tobacco, 155,570 lbs. ; wheat, 86,264 bush. ; rye, 2.243 bush. ; Indian- corn,177,772bush.; oats, 66,274 bush. ; Irish pot's 13,144 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,451 bush.; but- ter, 84,308 lbs. ; hay, 1,877 tons Cash value, of farms, $772,989. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $809,915. Value of manufactures, $631,075. Alamance CreeU, a small tributary of the Haw R., in the above co. Alameda, co. in Cal., W. part. Area, 820 sq. mis. Pop., 24,237 ; in 1860, 8,927. It extends from the shore of San J<'rancisco Bay, in the ^V., to the crest of the Monte Diablo Range. The surface is nearly equally divided between mountains, valleys and plains. Tlie Contra Costa Range traverses the co. parallel to the Monte Diablo. The principal streams are Alame- da, San Leandro, San Antonio and Temescal ALAMEDA. 67 ALBANY. creeks, ■which empty into the Bay of San Francisco. The San Francisco * Alamerta R. R. passes through the co. from its S. W. corner, at the mouth of San Leandro Cr. to Havwanl, near the Contra Costa Range. The Oakland & San Francisco R. R. begins on a pier, extending 3,500 feet into tlie bay, runs S. £1. and connects with the Alameda road. The soil of the valley is a deep, black loain, and is very rich, while the hilly sections are less fer- tile. The CO. is well cultivated, particularly the W. part, which consists of continuous gar- dens, orchards and grain fields. An abund- ance of salt is collected on the land overflowed by the bay. San Leandro is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wool, 138,965 lbs. ; wheat, 851,888 bush. ; Indian-corn, 27,288 bush. ; oats, 69,080 bush. ; Irish pot's, 114,053 bush. ; sweet pot's, 2,205 bush. ; butter, 198,910 lbs., hay, 23,464 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,- 747,770. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions,including additions to stock, etc., $2,310,062. Value of manufactures. §1,163,914. Alameda, p. v. in Alameda co., Cal., on San Francisco Bay, near Oakland, from which it is separated by San Antonia Cr. Large quan- tities of grain are shipped here. Pop., 1,557. One newspaper. Alamo, p. o. in Contra Costa co.,Cal., 13 mis. N. E. of Oakland. Alamo, p. V. in Montgomery co , Ind., 15 mis. 8. W". of Crawfordsville, the co. seat. Alamo, tn. in Kalamazoo co., Jlich. Top. 1,146. Alamo, p. V. in the above tn.. on the South Haven Division of the Mich. Cen. R. R., 8 mis. from Kalamazoo. Pop., 150. Alamo, p. V. and co. seat of Crockett CO., Tenn. Alamode, p. o. in Reynolds co.. Mo. Alaiiiutclia, V. in Lauderdale co.. Miss. AIant]iii«> Grove, p. o. in Gentry co., Mo. Alaiitlins Hill, p. o. in Hancock co., Tenn. Alapalia River, a tributary of the Suwanee R. in Ga. Ala*. lat. 50°, W. iong. 168°, thence eastward to the 143d meridian. It is a peninsula, occupying the extreme north- western portion of North Amei-ica, in area 577,- 390 sq. mis. The shore line is estimated to be 7,860 statute mis. Surface.— The surface of Alaska is broken and mountainous. It is ti-aversed bv the most northern range of the Rocky Mts., and a large number of smaller chains intersect it in all di- rections. Most of the mountains do not rise above three thousand feet in height, but several greatly exceed this. Mount Fairweather rises to 14,768 feet in height, and the volcanoes, Mt. St. Elias, 14,958 feet and lUamano 12,086 feet, rank among the loftiest peaks of the continent. But little of the country offers land suitable for agriculture, the greater part I^eing rocky and sterile, or else swampy. Jiivers.—ThQ principal river of Alaska is the Yukon or Kwitchpak It enters Behring Sea between 64° and 05°, and is navigable for steam- boats for near a thousand miles from its mouth. Coppermine, R., also navigable, has its mouth about lat. 60°. It is not far from Mt. St. Elias. The Steekin or St. Francis falls into the sea about 56° N. lat. In the lower part of its course it is navigable for about 50 miles. At that (iis- tance from the sea it forms cataracts and rap- ids, above which it again becomes navigable. Climate and Productions. — A warm ocean cur- rent flows along the south coast of Alaska, very materially modifying the climate from that in the sarne latitude on the eastern coast of the continent. At Sitka the thermometer rarely falls below zero, the mean temperature being about 44° Fah. The warm and moist sea air meeting with a cold current from the moun- tains causes frequent fogs and rains along the southern coast. The average rainfall is between 80 and 90 inches annually, the months of Sep- tember and October being especially wet. It is said that about 250 days in the year are cloudy and rainy. In the northern part of the penin- sula this influence is not felt, but as this por- tion lies within the Arctic circle, the climate is intensely cold, and the brief summer does not suffice to thaw the frozen soil. A lieavy growth of timber covers the soil on the southern sea-board, lofty trees clothing the mountains to a height of 2,.5O0 or 3,000 feet. Tlie forests consist of Sitka spruce, yellow cedar, flr, hemlock, larch, and kindred species. In the more northern districts the soil is barren. Ow- ing to the constant moisture the cereals do not ripen, the potatoes are small and watery, and garden vegetables yield but moderately. Cran- berries and salmon berries grow wild. The wealth of Alaska is in its furs and fish- eries. The latter include cod and mackerel, the former in great abundance. Seals, bear, deer, wolves, and other wild animals are numerous on the shores and in the interior. The seals afford a profitable source of revenue in their oil and skins, but the land animals are little hunted by the whites, owing to the impassable nature of the soil. Population. — The Indians of Alaska include the Eskimo along the northern shore, and the Kolusch and Kenai along the southern. The white inhabitants, exclusive of the military, numbered, in 1S70, 4(il souls. They are princi- pally engaged in the fisheries and fur trade. The natives are without ambition, and have been contaminated by the intemperate and depraved habits of many of the white resi- dents. Sitka, on the islaiid of New Archangel, is the principal settlement. History. — Alaska was discovered by the navi- gator Vitus Behring in 1741, from whom are named Behring Straits and Behring Sea. He took possession of it for the Russian govern- ment, in whose employ he was at the time. In 1778 Captain Cook sailed along the western coast as far north as ley Cape, in lat. 70° 20' N. In the year 1799 the reg-ion was granteil to the Russian-American Tradiug Company, who es- tablished posts at Sitka and elsewhere. Propo- sitions for its sale to the U. S. were made in 1866, and the purchase was effected the follow- ing year for $7,200,000 in gold. Our government took formal possession in October, 1867, since which date it has been under the charge of our military authorities stationed at Sitka. Alba, tn. in Henry co. III. Pop., 295. Alba, p. o. in Fillmore co., Minn. Alba, p. o. In Jasper co.. Mo. Alba, p. V. in Bradford co.. Pa., near the Northern Central R R.,9i^mls. S. S. W. of Troy. Albade, p. o. in Caldwell co., Tex. Alban, p. o. in Portage Co., Wis. Albanvllle, p. o. in Monroe co.. Wis. Albany, co. in N. Y., E. part. Area, 485sq. mis. Pop., 133,0.52 ; in 1860, 113,917. It borders in the E. on the Hudson R., in the N. partly on the !Moliawk R , and is drained by the Catskill and Normanskill, which enrpty into the Hudson. The surface is undulating'in the E. part; but hillv and broken in the N. and VV. The Hel- derberg INLts. trend from N. to S. near the W. border. The soil ditters much in fertility. The more elevated parts are sandy, and often quite sterile ; the vaUevs are productive. The ALBANY. 68 ALBERTSON. CO. is traversed by the JT. Y. Cen. R. R., the Rensselaer & Saratoers. Alexandria, tn. in Dodge co., Minn. Pop., 503. Alexandria, p. v. and co. seat of Douglas co., Minn., 107 mis. N. \V. of St. Paul, and 65 mis. N. W. of St. Cloud. Farming and stock-rais- ing One newspaper. Alexandria, tn. in Benton co.. Mo. Pop., 921. Alexandria, p. v. in Clarke co., !\Io., on the Fox R.,near its junction with the Mississippi, 4% mis. S. W. of Keokuk. Is the terminus ot tiie Mo., Iowa & Nebr. B. B., opposite War- saw, 111. One newspaper. Alexandria, p. o. in Thayer co.,Nebr. Alexandria, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 876. Alexandria, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. W. of Bri.stol, on branch ot Northern New Hamp. shire R. R. Alexandria, tn. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Pop., Alexandria, v. in Essex co., N. Y., near the N. extremity of Lake George. Alexandria, tn. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Pop., 3,087. Alexandria, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Lawrenot? R., 22 mis. N. of Watertown. Alexandria, p. v. in Licking co., Ohio, 11 mlg. ^V. of Newark, the co. seat. Alexandria, v. in Sciota co., Ohio. Alexandria, p. v. in Huntingdon CO., Pa., on tlie Frankstown branch of the Juniata E. Alexandria, p. v. in Do Kalb co., Tenn. Alexandria, co. in Va., N. E. part, opposite Washington. It borders on the Potomac R., and was foi-merly a part of the District of Co- lumbia, but was retroceded to Va. in 184-1. Area, 36 mis. Pop., 16,755 ; in 1860, 12,6.52. The surface is undulating ; the soil but moderately fertile. It is traversed by the Orange, Alex- andria & Manassas B. R., and a short canal, which connects the city of jUexandria, which is the CO. seat, with Georgetown, in the D. C. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,161 bush. ; rve, 1,573 bush. ; Indian-corn, 21,679 bush. ; oats, 5,527 bush. ; Irish pot's, 6,940 bush. ; sweet pot's, 73<; bush. ; butter, 3,805 lbs. ; hay, 1,124 tons. Cash value of farms, $660,875. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $97,02-1. Value of manufactures, $969,626. ^Alexandria, city in Alexandria CO., Va., on the Potomac R., 7 "mis. below Washington, and on the Alexandria, & Washington R. R., the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. B., and the Washington & Ohio B. B. It is a port of en- try, and has considerable trade, foreign and domestic. In 1871 tlie imports amounted to 73,9,57 tons, and the exports to 73,080 tons. Coal trade is considerable. Alexandria has manufactures and 6 newspapers. Pop., 13,570 ; in 1860, 12,652. Alexandriana, p. v. in Mecklenburg CO., N. C, 9 mis. N. of Cluulotte. Alexis, p. o. in AVarren co., 111. Alexis, \). o. in Tunica co.. Miss. Alexis, p. o. in Butler co., Nebr. Alfonte, 15. V. in Madison CO., Ind., 5 mis. by railroad S. W. of Pendleton. Pop., 76. Alford, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 4;50. Alford, p. V. in- the above tn., on the Green B., a tributary of the Housatonic B. It is con- nected l5y a daily mail route with Great Bar- rington, "on the Housatonic B. B. B. Alfordsville, v. in Bobeson co., N. C, 1514 mis. S. W. of Lumberton, on the Wilmington, Charlotte & Butherford B. R. Alfordsville, p. v. in Daviess co., Ind., near the E. branch of White B., and 10 mis. S. of Loogootee. Pop., 128. Alfred, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 1,224. *Alfred, p, v. in the above tn., the co. seat of York CO., Me., 97 mis. S. W. of Augusta, and 563 mis. from Washington. It Is connected by the Portland & Bochester B. B. with Portland, a distance of 32 mis. Alfred, tn. in Alleghany co., N. Y. Pop., 1,.5.55. Alfretl, p. V. in the above tn., near the Erie B. B., Q]/, mis. from llorncllsville. Alfred, p. v., in Meigs co., Ohio, 14 mis. N. E. of Pomerov on the Ohio B. *Alfrcd Ce'ntre, p. v. in Alfred tn., Alleghany CO., N. Y., 2 mis. W. of Alfred, on the Erie It. R. One newspaper. Alfsborg, tn. in Sibley CO., Mmn. Pop., 264. Algansee, tn. in Branch co., Mich. Pop., 1,421. Algansee, p. o. in the above tn., S. of Quinoy, on Southern Mich. B. S. ALGIERS. 71 ALLEGHANY. Alfficrs, p. o. in Orleans Parish, La., lies on tne riorlit bank of the Mississippi R., opposite New Orleans, and within tlie limits of the corporation. Ship-building is extensively carried on. Als^odon, p. o. in Ionia co., Mich. Alg'oina, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,959. Alg'onia, tn. in Winnebago CO., Wis. Pop., 807. Al^oma, V in the above tn., about 8 mis. N. N. E. of Madison Alg'oiia, tn in Kossuth co , Iowa. Pop., 1,2.57. ♦Algoiia, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Des Moines K.. 1'20 nils. N". by W. of Des Moines, and on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 126 mis. from McGregor. Has flouring mills and 2 newspapers. Pop., 860. Al^onac, p. v. in St. Clair co., Mich., on the St. Clair R., and 1.5 mis. S. of St. Clair, the co. seat. AI§:onquiii, tn. in McHenry co., lU. Pop., 2,157. Alg'onqnin, p. v. in the above tn., on Fox R., and the Chicago & N. Western R. R., 15 mis. irozn Elgin. Has one newspaper. Algonquin, tn. in Ontonagon co., Mich. Pop., .54. Alg'onqnin, p. o. in Carroll co., Ohio. AlS'Ood, p. o. in Spartanbnrgh District, S. C. Alliainbra, p. v. in Madison co.. 111., 10 mis. N. N. W. of Highland. Pop., 101. Alliauibra, p. o. in Trempealeau co.. Wis. Alice, p. o. in Grundy co., Iowa. Alice, p. o. in Oceana co., Mich. Alice, p. o. in Cedar co.. Mo. Alicetown, p. o. in Boyle co., Ky. Alida, p. o. in Davis co., Kan. Alifia, tn. in Hillsborough co., Fla. Pop., 422. AIi«ownieville. Pop , 240. Allegrhany, tn. in Craig co., Va. Pop., 938. Alleg-liany Mountains (Allegheny or Alle- ghany), a scries of chahis belonging to the Ap- palachian Mountain System, in Pa., W. Md., and Va. The various ranges, comprised under this general appellation, are parallel to each other, and form a double curve or arc, which in Pa. is concave toward the S. E.; in Va. toward the N. W. The principal chains do not much exceed 3,000 feet in elevation. Be- tween the Susquehanna and the Great Kana- wali Rs. they constitute the water-shed which divides the tributaries of the Ohio from the rivers emptying into Chesapeake Bay. Part of the boundary between Va. and W. Va. fol- lows the crest o'f the AUeghanies. (See Appa- lachian Mountain Sj'stem.) Alleghany River, a large stream wliich unites at Pittsburgh with the Monongahela R. to form the Ohio. It rises in Potter co., in theN. part of Pa., flows through Cattaraugus CO., N. Y.,and re-enters Pa.. traversing this state iu a southerly course. The region which it drains is a broken table-laml, and its valley is inclosed between high and often precipitous hills. Connewango Cr., Oil Cr., Tionista Cr., Clarion R., Mahoning Cr., and Loyalhanna R. are its largest tributaries. Alleg'bauy Spring, p. v. in Montgomery co., Va. Alleghany Station, p. o. in Alleghany co., Va. Alleghany, tn. iu Armstrong co., Pa. Pop., 2,508. Alleghany, tn. in Blair co.. Pa. Pop., 1,913. Alleghany, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 890. AUeghsmy, tn. in Cambria co., I'a. Pop., 1,230. Alloghsuiy, tn. in Potter CO., Pa. Pop., 625. Alleys hany, tn. iu Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., 1,133. Alleghany, tn. in Venangoco., Pa. Pop., 1,485. Alleghany, tn. in Westmoreland co. Pop., 1.71U. ►Alleghany City, in Alleghany co., Pa., is situated on the right bank of the Alleghany R., opposite Pittsburgh. It contains the West- ern Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church, the Theological Semmary of the United Pi-esbyterian Church, and the Alle- ghany Theological Institute. The Western Penitentiary, an immense building, is situated on tlie " Common "of the city ; and the United States Arsenal is located oii the left bank of the river. The heights above the city are mostly occupied by elegant private residences. Pop., 53,180 :"in 1.8(ib, 28,702. One newspaper. Alleghany Bridge, p. o. in McKean co., Pa. Allequash River, a tributary of the River St. John, in Maine, rises in Piscataquis co., and flows X. through Aroostook co. It drains a large number of "hikes, the most important of which are Long Lake, Umsaskis Lake, Churcliill Lake, Heron Lake, and Chamberlain Lake. Allcmand's, p. o. in St. Charles Parish, La. Allemance, p. o. in Guilford CO., N. C. Alleinan's, p. o. in Clearfield co., Pa. Allen, CO. in Ky., S. part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 10,290; in 1860, 9,187. On the S. it is bounded by the Tennessee and on the N. E. by the big "Barren R. Trammels Cr. rises in this CO., and, with several small tributaries, drains it. The surface is level and the soil but moderately fertile. The co. seat is Scotts- ville. Agr. productions in 1870 : W heat, 55,844 bush. ; rye. 151 bush. ; Indian-corn, 390,883 bush. ; oats, 90,647 bush.; tobacco, 747, 489 lbs.; Irish pot's, 1,599 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,219 bush.; butter, 133,487 lbs. Cash value of farms, $S78,- .504 Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $908,227. Value of manufactures, $81,898. Allen, CO. in Ind., E. N. E part. Area, 638 sq. mis. Pop., 43,494 ; in 1860, 29,328. It borders on Ohio. The surface is level and the soil of great fertility. The St Alary and the St. Jo- sepli Rs. ioiii at Port Wayne, and form the Maumee, which flows N. W. The larger part of the CO. was formerly covered with fine forests, but much ground has been cleared and farming is now extensively carried on. Fort Wavne is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 4:«.752 bush. ; rye. 17,761 bush. ; Indian-corn, 273,344 bush. ; oats, 212,944 bush. ; wool, 106,778 lbs.; Irish pot's, 100,931 bu.sh.; but- ter, 543,322 lbs. ; hay, 28,377 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,090,007. Total, estimated, vahie of all farm productions, incUiding additions to stock, etc., $1,970,539. Value of manufac- tures, $0,457,895. Allen, CO. in Kans., S. E. part. Area, about 480 sq . mis. Pop., 7,022 ; in 1860, 3,082. The sur- face is rolling and consists mainly of open prairies, which have a fertile soil. The Neosho B. traverses the E. part in a southerly direc- tion, and receives several aftluents within the CO. Agriculture and stock raising are the principal occupations of the inhabitants. Hum- boldt, on the Neosho R. is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 27,734 bu.sh.; rye, 290 bush. ; IndLfn-corn. 187,22,5 bush. ; oats, 115,- 70S bush. ; Irish pot's, 23,333 bush. ; sweet pot's, 440 bush. ; butter, 90,588 lbs. ; hay, 9,801 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,412,870. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $435,572. Value of m;inufactur(!S, .$78,573. Allen, CO. in Ohio,W. N. W.part. Area, 405 sq. mis Pop., 23,023; in 1800, 19,185. The surface is generally level. The soil is fertile. Parts of this CO. are covered with fine deciduous forests. It is drained by tlie Auglaize R., its tributary, the Ottowa R., and a number ot smaller creeks. The Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. II. intersects it from N. to S. ; the Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R. from E. to W. Wheat, corn, oats, potatoes and hay are the chief products. Lima, on the Ottowa R., is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 315,104 bush.; rve, 21.071 bush.; Inilian-corn, 374,017 bush. ; oats, 209,269 bush. ; Irish pot's, ALLEN. 73 ALMA. 52,905 bush. ; sweet pot's, 2,082 bush. ; butter, 466,482 lbs. ; hay, 21,173 tons. Cash value of farms, $S,117,216. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including at-lditioiis to stock, etc., $1,565,908. Value of manufactures, $1,092,007. Allen, tn. in Pope co., Ark. Pop., 225. Allen, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., S77. Allen, p. o. in above tn. Allen, tn. in McLean CO., 111. Pop., 1,224. Allen, tn. in Miami, co., Ind. Pop., 1,042. Allen, p. V. in the above tn., on Indianapolis it Cincinnati R. R.. 8 mis. S. E. of Rochester. Allen, tn. in Noble co., Ind. Pop., 1,754. Allen, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 732. Allen, tn. in Warren co., Iowa. Pop., 788. Allen, p. o. in Lyon co., Kan. Allen, tn. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop., 1,759. Allen, p. V. in the above tn., near the Michigan Southern R. R., 9 mis. N. W. of HUlsdale. Allen, tn. in Worth co.. Mo. Pop., 1,352. Allen, V. in Randolph co., Mo., on the N. Missouri R. R., 2 mis. N. of Moberly. Allen, tn. in .iVllegany co., N. Y. Pop., 794. Allen, p. o. in the above tn. Allen, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 781. Allen, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop., 9P)9. Allen, tn. in Union co., Ohio. Pop., 1,195. Allen, tn. in Northampton co.. Pa. Pop., 2,040. Allen, tn. in Wasliington co.. Pa. Pop., 815. Allen, p. V. in Cumberland co., Pa., 7mls. from Carlisle. Allen, tn. ir* Morgan CO., W. Va. Pop., 766. Allen Centre, p. v. in AUegany co., N. Y., 6 nils. N. of Angelica. Allen Creek, p. o. in Oceana co., Mich. Allendale, p. o. in Wabash co., 111. Allendale, p. o. in Greene co., Ky. Allendale, tn. in Ottawa co., Mich. Pop., 799. Allendale, p. o. in the above tn. Allendale, p. v. in Worth co., Mo., 18 mis. N. of Albany. Allendale, p. v. in Bergen co., N. J., on the Brie It. R., 24 mis. from Jersey City. Pop., 50. Allendale, p. v. in Barnwell "District, S. C, 58 mis. S. W. of Branchville. The Port Royal & Augusta R. R. will pass through the place. Allenport, p. o. in Washington co., Pa. Aliens, tn. in Winston co., Ala. Pop., 553. Aliens, tn. in Walton co., Ga. Pop., 726. Aliens, p, o. in Richmond co., Ga. Aliens, p. o. in Miami co., Ohio. Allen's Corner, p. o. in Cumberland co.. Me. Allen's Creels, tn. in Hanover co., Va. Pop., 2.844. Allen's Creelt, p. v. in Amherst co., Va., 12 nils, from Amherst Court House. Allen's Factory, p. o. in Marion co., Ala. Allen's Fresh, p. o. in Charles co., Md., on the Wicomico R. Allen's Grove, tn. in Mason co.. 111. Pop., 1,119. Allen's Ctrove, tn. in Scott co.,'Iowa. Pop., 646. Allen's Grove, p. v. in the'above tn., about 50 mis. E. of Iowa city. Allen's Grove, p. v. in Walworth co^Wis., on the Western Union R. R., 7 mis. S. W. of Del- aware. Pop. about 300. Allen's Hill, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., 8 mis. S. of Niagara Bridge and Canandaigua Branch of N. Y. Central R. R. Allen's Mills, p. o. in Carroll co., Ga. Allen Springs, p. o. in Allen co., Ky. Allen's Springs, p. o. in Pope co.. 111. Allen's Station, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. Allen's Store, p. o. in Tishomingo co.. Miss. Allenstown, tn. in Merrimack co.,N. II. Allenstown, p. v. in above tn., on the Sun- cook Valley R. R., about 8 mis. N. of Suncook. Allensville, p. v. in Todd co., Ky., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 13 mis. S. W. of Russellville. Allensville, p. o. in Person co., N. C. Allensville, p. v. in Vinton co., Ohio, 10 mis. N. W. of Hamden, on the Marietta & Cincin- nati R. R. Allensville, p. v. in Mifflin co.. Pa., 6 mis. W. of McVeytown. on the Juniata Division of Pennsylvania Canal and Pennsylvania R. R. Allenton, tn. in Wilcos: co., Ala. Pop., 1,954. Allenton, p. v. in the above tn., 38 mis, S. of Selma. Allenton, p. v. in St. Louis co.. Mo., on the Pacific R. R. of Mo., 28 mis. S. W. of St. Louis, Allenton, p. v. in Washington co., R. I., 2 mis. from Wickford Station. Allentown, p. o. in Knox co., Ind. Allentown. p. v. in JMonmouth CO., N. J-, 8 mis. E. of Bordentown on the Delaware B. and the Camden & Amboy R. R. Allentown, p. o. in Allen co., Ohio. *Allentown, city and the co. seat of Lehigh CO., Pa., 90 mis. IS". E. of Harrisburg. It lies on the Lehigh R., at tlie mouth of Jordan Or.; and the PhUa. & Readuig R. R., the Lehigh & Susquehanna R. R., and the Lehigh Valley B. R., 17 mis. from Easton. Pop., yi,>iS-i; in 1860, 8,025. In the vicinitj' are extensive beds of iron ore and limestone. Has numerous mills and furnaces, and 11 newspapers. Allenville, p. o. in Logan co.. 111. Allenville, p. o. in Cape Girardeau co., Mo. Allerton, p. o. in "Wayne co., Iowa. Alley ton, p. v. in Colorado co., Tex. Allsg-ood's Mill, p. o. in Noxubee co.. Miss. *Alliance, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio. Liesat the intersection of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R. with the Cleveland & Pitts- burgh R. R. It is 84 mis. from Pittsburgh, and 57 mis. from Cleveland. Has manufactories and 3 newspapers. Pop., 4,063. Alligator Biver, an mlet extending from Albemarle Sound, in N. C. Alligator, v. in Columbia CO., Fla. Alligator Swamp, in N. C., occupies the larger part of the peninsula between Albe- marle and Pamlico Sounds. Allis-Hollow, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Allison, tn. in Lawrence co., 111. Pop., 85. Allison, p. o. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Allison Creelt, p. o. in York District, S. C. Allisonia, p. o. in Pulaski co., Va. Allison's Mills, tn. in Jackson co., Ala. Pop., 564. Allisouville, p. o. in Tyler co., Tex. Alloa, p. V. in Columbia co., Wis., 7 mis., S. W. of Portage City. Allowaystown, p. v. in Salem co., N. J., IJ^ mis. S. of Salem R. R. Allsborougta^ p. o. in Colbert co., Ala. Allston, p. V. m Middlesex co., Mass.. on the Boston & Worcester R. R., 3 mis. W. of Boston. Alma, p. o. in Crawford co.. Ark. Alma, p. o. in Park co., Colo. Alma, tn. in Marion co., HI. Pop., 794. Alma, p. V. in the above tn., on 111. Cen. R. R., 7 mis. N. E. of Odin. Alma, station in St. Clair co. 111., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 15 mis. E. of St. Louis. Alma, p. o. in AVhitby co., Ind. Alma, p. o. in Webster co.. Mo. Alma, tn. in Wabaunsee co., Kans. Pop., 890. Alma, p. V. in the above tn., and the co. seat, on Maple Hill Cr., and 56 mis. W. of Topeka, and o mis. S. of AVamego. One newsiiaper. Alma, p. V. in Gratiot co., Mich., on Pine K., 9 mis. N. of Ithaca. Pop., 402. Alma, tn. in Lincoln co., Me. Pop., 747. Alma, tn. in Allegany co.,N. Y. Pop., 766. Alma, p. o. in the above tn., 11 mis. S. of West- ville, on Erie R. R. Alma, p. o. in Ross co., Ohio. Alma, p. o. in Rnsh co., Tex. Alma, p. o. in Weber co.. Utah. Alma, p. o. in Page co., Va. Alma, tn. in .Jackson co.. Wis. Pop., 731. Alma, tn. in Buffalo co., Wis. Pop.. 1,049. Alma, p. V. in the above tn., and the co. seat. Oi\ the left bank of the Mississippi R., 20 mis, above Winona, Minn. lias lumber trade. Pop., 565. One newspaper. AL:\rA CITY. 74 ALTON. Alma City, p. v. in "Waseca co., Minn., Si^jinls. S. E. of Janesville. Alma City, p. o. in Harlan co., Nebr. Almadeii, p. v. in Santa Clara co., Cal. Is situated about 13 mis. S. of San Jose on the Alaniitos Cr., in a narrow glen, between high ranges of mountains, Mt. Chisnantuclc, the culminating peak on one side, being nearly 1,800 feet above the sea level. The v. was lo- cated in 1845, by Andreas Castillero, the dis- coverer of the famous New Almaden quick silver mines, Ij'ing near the town, and 900 feet above it. Pop., I,li47. Alineda, tn. in Almeda co., Cal. Pop., 1,557. Almeda, tn. in Bernalillo co., New Mexico. Alinartha, p. o. in Ozark co., Mo. Almeiia, p. o. in Norton co., Kan. Almeiia, tn. in Van Buren co., Mich. Pop., 9S0. Almeiia, p. o. in the above tn. Aimer, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 671. Almlra, tn. in Benzie co., Mich. Pop., 393. Almlra, p. v. in the above tn., 14J^ mis. W. of Traverse city. Almond, p. o. in Eandolph co., Ala. Almond, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., l,68fi. Almond, p. v. in the above tn., on the Erie B. K., 5 mis. W. of Hornellsville. Almond, tn. in Portage co.. Wis. Pop., 651. Almond, p. v. in the above tn., about 90 mis. N. of Madison, and 18 mis. S. E. of Plover. Almouesson, p. o. in Gloucester CO., N. J. Almont, tn. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pop., '2,'298. Almont, p. V. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. of Romeo, on the Michigan Air Line 11. It., and 10 mis. S. of Imlay, on the Port Huron <& Lake Michigan R. R. Almont Station, p. o. in Clinton co., Iowa. Almoral, p. o. in Delaware co., Iowa. Almy, p. o. in Uintah co., AVyo. Alna, tn. in Lincoln co.. Me. Pop., 747. Alna, p. o. in the above tn., S}4 mis. N. E. of Wiscasset. Alonzaville, p. o. in Shenandoah co., Va. Alpena, co. in Mich., N. E. part, borders on Thunder Bay and L.ake Huron. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 2,75G ; in 1860, 290. The sur- face is undulating ; the climate cold. The co. is drained by Thunder Bay R. and its affluents, the largest of which is the Newlan R. Alpena is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, SO bush. ; oats, 2,380 bush. ; Irish pot's, 6,430 bush. ; hay, 125 tons. Cash value of farms, $,39,800. Value of manufactures, $913,949. Alpena, tn. in the above co. Pop., 2,012. *Alpena, p. v. in the above tn., and the co. seat. It lies near tlie mouth of the Thunder Bay R., and is 216 mis. N. by E. of Lansing, and 947 mis. from Washington. Larjje lumber busi- ness, nineteen steam saw and shingle mills. Two newspapers. Alpha, p. o. in Henry co.. 111. Alpha, p. V. in Scott co., Ind., 2 mis. W. of Deputy, on a branch of the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. Alpha, v. in Clinton co., Ky. Alpha, p. o. in Caldwell co., La. Alpha, p. o. in Grundy co.. Mo. Alpha, p. V. in Green co., Ohio, on the Dayton & Xenia R. R., 5 nds. W. of Xenia. Alpha, p. o. in Halifax co., Va. Alpharetta, p. v. and the co. seat of Milton CO., Ga., 170 mis. N. W. of Milledgeville. Pop., 126. Alpine, co. in Cal., E. part. Area, about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 685. This co. lies on the slopes of the great Sierra Nevada, the crest of which passes through the central part. It includes the sources of the Carson R., of the North Fork of the Tuolumne R., ami of the Stanis- laus R. These streams rise near the crest of the Sieri-a and flow in the deep valleys and canons. Silver Mountain City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,294 bush. ; rye, 25 bush. ; Indian-corn, 308 bush. ; oats, 3,'l]3 bush. ; Irish pot's, 6,005 bush. ; m'OoI, 281,- 700 lbs. ; butter, 57,290 lbs. ; hay, 994 tons. Cash value of farms, $82,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $165,490. Value of manufac- tures, $22,752. Alpine, ]). v. in Talladega co., Ala., on the Ala- bama & Tennessee R. R., 9 mis. S. W. of Talla- dega. Alpine, tn. in Clark co.. Ark. Pop., 828. Alpine, p. o. in the above tn. Alpine, p. o. in Chattooga co., Ga. Alpine, p. o. in Favelte co., Ind. Alpine, v. in Wapella co., Iowa, on the left bank of the Des Moines R., and the Des Moines A'alley R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of Ottumwa. Alpine, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,445. Alpine, v. in the above tn., 7>^ mis. N. of Grand Rapids. Alpine, p. o in Bergen co., N. J. Alpine, p. v. in Schyuler co., N. Y.,T% mis. E, by S. of Havana, on Elmira, .Teffersou & Can- andaigua Branch of Erie R. R. Alpine, \). o. in York co.. Pa. Alpine €ity, p. v. in Utah CO., Utah, 6 mis. N. ot American City. Alpine Depot, p. o. in Morgan co., W. Va. Alpiii, p. o. in Rensselaer CO., N. Y., 16Ki mis. S. E. of Troy. Alquina, p. v. in F.ayette co., Ind., about 65 mis. E. by S. of Indianapolis, and 4 mis. E. by S. of Connersville. Alsace, tn. in Berks co., Pa. Pop., 1,294. Alsace, p. o. in the above tn. Alsea, p. o. in Benton co., Oregon. Alsey, p. o. in Scott co.. 111. Alstcad, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 1,213. Alstcad, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. E. of Bellows Falls. Alstead Centre, p. o. in the above tn., 5 rals S. E. of Bellows Falls, on the Connecticut B. Alston, p. o. in Fairfield Distr., S. C. Alta, p. V. in Placer co., Cal., on the Cen. Pacific R. R., 28 mis. N. E. of Auburn. Alta, p. o. in Buena Vista co.. La. Alta, p. o. in Salt Lake co., Utah. Altamaha Jllver, in Ga., is formed hy the confluence of the Ocmulgee and Oconee rivers. It flows S. E. through sandy plains and pine barrens, and empties into tlie Atlantic Ocean below Darien. Its length is about 150 mis., and it is naWgable for this whole distance. Altamont, p. v. in Alameda co., Cal., 26 nils, by railroad N. E. of Niles. Altamont, p. o. in Effingham co.. 111. Altamont, v. p. in Alleghany co., Md., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 9 mis. S. AY. of Frank- ville. Altamont, p. o. in Shellay co., Iowa. Altamont, p. v and the eo. seat of Grundy CO., Tenn., 14 rals. S. of McMinnvUle, 128 mls."S. E. of Nashville. It lies near the source of Col- lins Cr,, a tributary of Rock R. Alta Vista, j). v. in Daviess co., Mo., 9 mis. W. of Gallatin, the co. seat. Altay, p. V. in Schuyler co., N. Y., 10 luls. N. W of AVatkins. Altenbnrgh, p. v. in Perry co,, Mo,, about 5 mis., from the W. bank of thc^ Mississippi B. Alterton, small v. in Cumberland co.,Pa., on the Cumberland Valley R. R., 26 mis. W. of Harrisburg. Alto, tn. inL.ee co.. 111. Pop., 832. Alto, p. o. in Howard co., Ind. Alto, p. o. in Richland Parish, I^. Alto, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Alto, p. o. in Franklin co., Tenn. Alto, ]i. o. in Cherokee co., Texas. Alto, tn. in Fond du Lacco.. Wis. Pop., 1,448. *Alton, city ill Madisonco.,Ill..on the E. bank of the Mississi]ipi, and 25 nils, above St. Louis ; is a port of entry and a commercial emporium of great importance, from which large quan- tities of grain and hay are shipped. The Chi- cago & Alton R. R. and the liuiianapolis & St. Louis R. R., terminate here. The former ALTON. AMBOY. now extends to E. St. Louis. Alton Is the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese, and has 3 news- papers. Pop., 8,665; in 1860, 6,332; and in 1850, 3,875. Alton, p. o. in Crawford co., Ind. Alton, p. o. in Sumner co., Kans. Alton, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 508. Alton, p. V. in the above tn., 1 mle. from the Bangor & Piscataquis R. R., and 10 mis. from Milford, on the Penobscot R. Alton, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Alton, tn. in Waseca co., Minn. Pop., 429. Alton, p. V. and the co. seat of Oregon co.. Mo., 184 mis. from Jelferson City and 1,206 mis. from "Washington. Alton, tn. in Belknap CO., N. H. Pop., 1,768. Alton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Dover & Winnipiseogee R.R. 17mls.N.W. of Rochester. Alton, p. V. In Wayne co., N. Y., 4 mis. S. of So- dus Point, and 10 mis. N. of Lyons, on the N. Y. Central R. R. Alton, p. V. in Franklin co.. Ohio, on the Little Miami R. R., 9 mis. W. of Columbus. Alton, p. V. in McKean co., Pa., near the south- ern terminus of the Bradford Branch of Krie R. R., 14 mis. S. of Bradford. *Altona, p. V. in Knoxco., ill., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 16 mis. N. W. of Galesburg. Pop., 902. Altona, p. o. in Marshall co., Ky. Altona, p. o. in Mecosta co., Mich. Altona, p. o. in Bates co.. Mo. Altona, tn. in Clinton co., K. Y. Pop., 2,759. Altona, p. V. in the above tn. It is a station on the Ogdensburg & Lake Cliamplaiu R. R., and is 21 mis. from Rouse's Point. Alton Bay, p. o. in Belknap co., N. H., the hotel on the southern extremity of Lake Win- nipiseogee. Alton Hill, p. o. in Macon co., Tenn. Alton Junction, p. o. in Madison co., HI. Alton Village, v. in Penobscot co.. Me., about 3 mis. W. of the Bangor & Piscataquis R. R. Altoona, p. o. in Wilson co., Kans. Altoona, p. o. in Polk co., Iowa. *Altoona, p. v. in Blair co., Pa., on the Pa. Central R. R., 239 mis. from Philadelphia, 132 mis. from Harrisburg and 116 mis. from Pitts- burgh. It lies near the E. base of the principal chain of the Alleghany Mts. The R. R. as- cends this chain by a series of curves. The view from the top is extensive and very beau- tifal. Altoona has important machine shops. The R. R. company manufactures locomotives here. Pop., 10,601 ; in 1860, 3,591. Three news- papers. Altnras, co. in Idaho, S. part. Area, 13,100 sq. mis. Pop., 689. It borders in the S. on Utah, and its northern boundary is formed by the Salmon River Mts., a lofty chain which has not yet been explored. The Snake R. inter- sects the CO. from E. to W., and on both sides of this large stream extend prairies. Its principal tributaries are the Malade R. and the McArthur R. from the N., and Raft Cr., Swamp Cr., Salmon Falls Cr., and Bruneau R. from the S. Rocky Bar is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 64,817 bush. ; rye, 1,756 bush. ; oats, 78,893 bush. ; Indian-corn, 3,395 bush. ; Irish pot's, 36,887 bush. ; butter, 65,040 lbs. ; hay, 4,783 tons. Cash value of farms, $319,.300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $-131,199. Value of manufactures, $.>1,500. Alum Bank, p. o. in Bedford co.. Pa. Alum Creek, p. o. in Ellsworth co., Kan. Alum €reek, a tributary of Big Walnut Cr., rises in Morrow co., Ohio, and flows S. through Delaware and Franklin cos. Alum Creek, p. o. in Delaware co., Ohio, on the Central Ohio R. R., 3 mis. E. of Columbus. Alum Creek, p. o. in Bastrop co., Tex. Aluin Mill, p. o. in Tucker co., W. Va. Alum Ridg-e, tn. in Floyd co., Va. Pop., 1,035l Alum Rook, p. o. in Clarion co.. Pa. Alum Spring's, p. o. ni Rockbridge co., Va. Alum Well, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. Alum Wells, p. o. in Washington co., Va. Alva, p. o. in Cloud co., Kans. Alva, p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me. Alva Plantation, tn. in Aroostook, Me. Pop., 496. Alvarado, p. v. in Alameda co., Cal. Alvarado, p. o. in Steuben CO., Ind. Alvarado, p. o. in Johnson co., Tex. Alverson, p. o. in Ingham co., Mich. Alvin, p. o. in Vermillion co.. 111. Alvira, p. o. in Union co.. Pa. Alviso, tn. in Santa Clara co., Cal. Pop., 588. Alviso, p. V. in the above tn. Alvon, p. o. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Amador, co. in Cal., central part. Pop., 9,582. It lies W. of tlie Sierra Nevada. The Moke- lumueR. bounds it on the S., the Cojumnes R. on the N. The eastern part is occupied by the outlying spurs of the Sierra Nevada, and hence is hilly and liroken, attaining a mean altitude of from 4,000 to 5,000 feet. The west- ern part is level. All except the lower por- tions of the CO. are heavily timbered, and yield large quantities of valuable lumber. Among the lower foot-hills of the Sierra are some of the richest valleys of the state, which yield large crops of grains and fruits. Higher up in the Sierra are many little grassy savan- nahs, which atford excellent pasturage. There are several rich gold mines in this co. The metal is found embedded in quartz veins, and hence numerous stamping or crushing mills are constantly being worked. Jackson is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 16,678 bush. ; rye, 310 bush. ; Indian-corn, 36,760 bush. ; oats, 130 bush. ; Irish pot's, 9,898 bush. ; sweet pot's, 1,060 bush.; butter, 43,700 lbs.; wool, 73,010 lbs. ; hay, 5,903 tons. Cash value of farms, $486,400. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $363,983. Value of manufactures, $1,5NS,494. Amador, tn. in Chisago co., Minn. Pop., 77. Amador City, p. v. in Amador co., Cal. Amadore, p. o. in Sanilac co., Mich. Amagansctt, p. v. in Suflolk co., N. Y., 8 mis. E. of Sag Harbor. Amanda, tn. in Iowa co , Iowa. Pop., 1,441. Amanda, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop., 1,469. Amanda, tn. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Pop., 1,547. Amanda, p. v. in the above tn., on the Zanes- ville & Cincinnati R. R., 9)4 mis. S. W. of Lan- caster. Amanda, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop., 1,376. Amanda, v. in Butler co., Ohio, on the Miami Canal. Amandaville, p. o. in Hart co., Ga. Ainargosa River, in the S. part of Nye CO., Nev., rises in the Amargosa Mts., flows to the S. E., and terminates in a dry lake, which lies partly in Cal. Amazonia, p. v. in Andrew co.. Mo., on the St. Joseph & Council BlulTs R. R., 9 mis. W. of St. J oseph. Amber, tn. in Mason co., Mich. Pop., 392. Amber, p. o. in the above tn. Amber, p. o. in Martin co., Minn. Amber, p. v. in Onondago co., N. Y., on Otisco Lake, and 13 mis. S. of the Auburn Branch of tlio N. Y. Central R, R. Amberson's Valley, p. o. in Franklin CO., Pa. Amboy, tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., 4,104. Amboy, p. o. in Jasper co., Iowa. *Amboy, p. v. in Lee co.. 111., near the source of Green R. It is on the 111. Central Branch R., 16 mis. N. of Mendota and 98 mis. S. by E. of Galena ; ships much produce and has one newspaper. Amboy, p. o. in Miami CO., Ind., on the Ind. Central R. R., 25 mis. S. E. of Logansport. Amboy, tn. in Hillsdale oo., Mich. Pop., 1,160. AMBOY. 76 AMITE. Amboy, p. o. in the above tn. Amboy, tn. in Oswef^o co.. N. Y. PQp., 1,431. Amboy Centre, p. v. in Amboy tn., N. Y., 5}^ mis. S. S. \V. of WUliarastown, on tlie Rome, Wiitertown and Ogdensburg R. R. Amboy, p. v. in Ashtabula co., Ohio, about 14 mle. from the Lake Shore R. R. Ambrose, p. o. in Indiana co.. Pa. Amelia, a co. in Va., S. E. part. Pop., 9,878; in 1860, 10,7-tl. It is bounded on the K. and E. by the Appomatox R., and on the S. E. by Namo- zine Or. Flat Or., Smack's Cr. and Deep Cr., which empty into the Appomatox R., drain the CO. The surface is rolling and in some lyarts hilly. The soil is fertile, especially that of the valleys, though much of it has been ex- hausted by long-continued tillage. The Rich- mond & Danville R. R. passes through the co. from K. E. to S. W. Wheat, corn, oats, to- bacco and wool are the chief products. Ame- lia Court House is the co seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 61,549 bush. ; Indian-corn, 70,509 bush. ; oats, 62,688 bush. ; Irish pot's, 5,005 bush. ; sweet pot's, 3,580 bush. ; tobacco, 1,037,721 lbs.; butter, 47,763 lbs.; hay, 1,316 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,725,061. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $391,862. Value of manufactures, $100,174. Amelia, p. v. in Clermont co., Ohio. It Is situ- ated on the left bank of the Little Miami R., 4 mis. S of Batavia. Amelia Conrt House, p. v. and the co. seat of Amelia co., Va., on the Richmond & Dan- ville R. R., 36 mis. S. W. of Richmond. Amenia, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 2,662. *AmeiiIa, p. v. in the above tn., near the N. Y. & Harlem R. R., SoJ-^ mis. N. of N. Y. One newspaper. Amenia Union, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., near the Connecticut state line, and 3 miles E. of the N. Y. & Harlem R. R. America, p. v. in Wabash co., Ind., about 80 mis. N. N. E. of Indianapolis ; 10"^ mis. S. E. of Wabash. America €ity, p. v. in Nemaha co., Kans., about 70 mis. W. N. W. of Leavenworth. American, tn. in Sacramento co., Cal. Pop., 416. American City, mining v. in Washoe co.,Nev., near the Comstock Silver Lode. American Corners, p. o. in Caroline CO., Md. American Creeli, p. o. in Buttalo co.. Dak. American Forli, p v. in Utah co., Utah Ter., on the bank of Lake Utah. American Ranch, p. o. in Shasta co,, Cal. American Eiver, a tributary of the Sacra- mento R. in Cal., is foi-med by the confluence of the North, IVIiddle and South forks, which rise near the crest of the Sierra Nevada, and flow in a westerly direction. It joins the Sa- cramento R. at Sacramento city. *Americns, p. v. and the co. seat of Sumter co.,Ga.,on tlie South-western R.R., 70mls. from Macon and 30 mis from Columbus. Good schools. Cotton and sugar cane raised in the vicinity. Two newspapers. Pop., 3,259. AmericHs. v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., on the AVabash R. and the Wabash Canal, 13 mis. S. W. of Delphi. Pop., 143. Aniericus, tn in Lyon co., Kans. Pop., 884. Americns, p. v. in "the above tn. on the Mo., Kans. & Texas R. R.. 9 nils. N. W. of Emporia. Americus, p. v. .and the co. seat of Jackson CO., Miss., on the Pascagoula R., 270 mis. S. E. of Jackson, and 26 mis. N. E. of Biloxi. Americus, p. o. in Jlontgomery co.. Mo. *Anies, p. V. in Story co., Iowa, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 207 mis. W. of Cedar Rapids. One newspaper. Ames, p. V. in Montgomery co., N. Y., 6 mis. S. of Canojoharie, on the Erie Canal and N. Y. Central R. R. Pop., l.'iO. Ames, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,229. Amesbnry, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 5,581, *Amesbury, p. v. in the above tn., about 5 mis. "W. of East Salisbury on the Eastern R. R. It has carriage and woollen manufactories. Two newspapers. AmesTille, p. v. in Athens co., Ohio, 5 mis. N. of New England, on the Marietta & Cincin- natti R. R. Amherst, co. in Va., S. part. Pop., 14,000. It is boimded on the S. by the James R., and ex- tends S. E. from the Blue Ridge. The surface is diversified by several chains of hills trend- ing N. E. and S. W. There are from "W. to E. the Cold Mts.. the Tobacco and Bow Mt., and the Bufl'alo Ridge. The co. is drained by Ped- lar R. and Harris Cr., affluents of the James: and by Piney R. and ISufliilo R., affluents of the Tye R. The latter, a tributary of the James R., forms part of the N. boundary. The soil is fertile, especially that of the val- leys. The CO. abounds in picturesque scenery. The Gap in the Blue Ridge, t+irough which the James R. p.asscs, is noted for its grandeur. The Orange, Alexandria & Manas.'^as R. R. tra- verses the CO. from N. E. to S. W. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 75,005 bush. ; rye, 2 257 bush. ; Indian-corn, 160,655 bush. ; oats, 117,608 , bush., Irish pot's, 15,813 bush. ; sweet pot's, 3.909 bush. ; tobacco, 1,285,471 lbs. : butter, 109,773 lbs. ; hay, 1,144 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,987,119. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including adtlitions to stock,etC., $626,433. Value of manufactures, $456,715. Amherst, p. o. in Washington co.. Neb. Amherst, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 350. Amherst, p. v. in the above tn., on Union R. 23 mis. E. of Bangor. Amherst, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass., lying E. of the Connecticut R. It has numerous manufactories. Pop., 4,035. *Amherst, p. v. in the above tn., on the New London Northern R. R., 85 mis. N. of New London, and 60 mis. S. of Bellows Falls. It is the seat of Amherst College, and a flourishing manufacturing town. Two newspapers. Amherst, tn. in Fillmore co., Minn. Pop. . 1.115. Amherst, p. o. in the above tn. Amherst, tn.in Hillsborough co.. N. H. ; is tra- versed by the Souhegan R., a tributary of the Connecticut. Pop., 1,353. Amherst, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. scat, on the Souhegan R. and the Wilton & Stony Brook R. R., 48 nils. N. W. of Boston and 7 mis. E. of Wilton. One newspaper. Amherst, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 4,555. Amherst, v. in Allen co., Ohio. Amherst, tn. in Lorain eo., Ohio. Pop., 2,482. Amherst, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. S. of Plato, on Lake Shore & Southern Michigan R. R. Amherst, tn. in Amherst co., Va. Pop., 3,632. Amherst Court House, p. v. in Amherst co., Va.. and the eo. seat, on the Orange, Alexan- dria & Manassas R. R., 14 mis. N. of Lynch- burg. It is 139 mis. W. of Richmond. One newspaper. Amherst, tn. in Portage co.. Wis. Pop , 982. Amherst, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis., N. "W. of Waupacca. Amish, p. o. in .Johnson co., Iowa. Amissville, p. v. in Rappahannock co., Va., on the Hedgeman R. Amite River rises in S. W. Mississipvn, passes through Louisiana, and empties into Lake Maurcpas in Ascension Parish. Amite, co. in Mississippi, S. "W. part. It is bounded on the S. by the Louisiana state line. Area about 700 sq. mis. Pop. 10,973; in 1860, 12,.33(!. The Homoehitto R. forms the N. "W. boundary; the Amite R. flows through the center of the co. from N. to S. The surface is undulating and the soil very fertile. Indian- corn, cotton, wool and sweel potatoes are the principal products. Liberty, on the Amite R., 13 the CO. seat. Agi-. proiluctions iu 1870: AMITE CITY. 77 ANDERSON. Cotton, 8,276 bales ; Indian-corn, 254,784 bush. ; oats, 190 bush. : Irish pot's, 3,293 bush. ; sweet pot's, 53,70-2 bush. ; butter, 17,102 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,164,842. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,204,595. Value of manu- factures. $19,555. * Amite City, p. v. in Tangipahoa Parisli, La., on the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. E. ; 68 mis. N. by W. of New Orleans. It lies on the Tangipalioa R., which empties into Lake Pontchartrain. Pop., 910. Amity, p. v. in Clark co.. Ark. Amity, tn. in Livingston co., 111. Pop., 790. Amity, p. v. in Johnson co , Ind., on the Jef- fersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 25 mis. S. S. B. of Indianapolis, and 4% mis. S. E. of Franklin, the co. seat. Amity, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 1,010. Amity, p. v. in Scott CO., Iowa, 11 mis. N. W. of Davenport. Amity, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans. Amity, tn. in Aroostook co., Me. Pop., 311. Amity, p. o. in the above tn., 18 mis. S. of Houlton. Amity, p. o. in De Kalb co., Mo. Amity, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 2,087. Amity, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y., 6 mis. W of ■\Varwick, on Warwick branch of Erie R. R. Amity, p. v. in Yam Hill co., Oreg. Amity, tn. in Berks co., Pa. Pop., 1,646. Amity, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 924. Amity, p. v. in AVashington co.. Pa., 10 mis. S. by E. of Washington, the terminus of Hemp- fleld R. R. Amity Hill, p. o. in Iredell co., N. C. Amity ville, p. o. in Des Moines co., Iowa. Amityville, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the Soutli Side R.R., "}4rals. K. of Freeport. Ammonoosuc River, a tributary of the Con- necticut R., in Coos CO., N. H., rises near Mt. Washington, in the White Mts., and flows to the W. , through Grafton co. Its lower course is also called the White Mountain R. Aino, p. V. in Hendricks co., Ind., on the Terre Haute & Indianapolis R. R., 20 mis. W. of Indianapolis, and 53 mis. E. of Terre Haute. Amoskeag:, p. v.. in Hillsborough co., N. H., on the left bank of the Merrimac R., and 1 mle. N. of Manchester. The river falls here 54 feet in one mle., and affords extensive water-power. Amoskeag is an important and flourishing manufacturing town. Anisden, p. o. in Montcalm co., Mich. Amsdeii, in Seneca co., Ohio, a station on the Lake Erie & Louisville R. R , 21 mis. N. E. of Findlay. Amsterdam, p. v. in Cass co., Ind. It lies on the Wabash & Erie Canal, 10 mis. S. W. of Logansport. Amsterclam, v. in Marion co., Iowa, on the Des Moines R. Amsterdam, tn. in Hancock co., Iowa. Pop., 259. Amsterdam, v. in Ottawa co., Micb., on tlie E. shore of Lake Michigan. Amsterdam, tn. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Pop., 7,706. ♦Amsterdam, p. v. in the above tn., on the N. bank of the Mohawk R., and on the N. Y. Cen- tral R. R.. 33 mis W. of Albany, and 61% mis. E. of Utica. Has manufactories of knit goods and two newspapers. Amsterdam, p. v. in Jefferson co., Ohio, on Yellow Cr, and 21 mis. N. W. of Steuben- ville Amsterdam, tn. in Botetourt co., Va. Pop., 3,82S. Amsterdam, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. of Fincastle. Amwell, p. o. in Wayne co., Ohio. Aniwell, tn. in Washington co.. Pa. Pop., 1,879. Amy's Creek, p. o. in Habersham co., Ga. Anacostia, p. o. in tlie District of Columbia. I Anaheim, p. v. in Los Angeles co., Cal., aboul 3 mis. N. of the Ana R., and 29 mis. S. of Los An- geles. It has many fine vineyards and or- chards. Pop., 881. "One newspaper. Anahnac, p. v. in Chambers co., Tex., near the mouth of the Trinity R., and 35 mis. N. E. of Galveston. Analomink, p. o. in Monroe co.. Pa. ^Anamosa, p. v. and the co. seat of Jones co., Iowa, on the AVapsipinicon R., 149 mis. E. by N. of Des Moines, and on the Dubuque & Southwestern R. R.,. 54 mis. S. W. of Dubuque and on the Iowa Midland R. R. Active trade. Two newspapers. Pop., 2,083. Anandale, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., near the Hudson River R. R., 1 mle. N. of Tarry- town. Anandale, p. v. in Butler co.. Pa., 1)4 mis. S. of Slippery Rock Cr., a small tributary of tlie Beaver R., and 16 mis. N. of Butler. Anaqna, p. o. in Victoria co., Tex. Ana's L.andlu^, small v. in Los Angeles co., Cal., on tlie Ana R. Anastacia, an island on the E. coast of Fla., about 20 mis. long and 2 mis. wide. It is low and sandy. Anawauk, p. o. in Le Sueur Co., Minn. Anotaorag'e, p. v. in Jefferson co., Ky., on the Lexington Branch of the Louisville, Cin- cinnati & Lexington R. R., 12 mis. from Louis- vilh', is the western .terminus of the Shelby R. R. Pop., 200. Anchorage, p. o. in Buffalo co.. Wis. Ancona, p. v. in Livingston, co.. 111., 7 mis. S. W. of Streator. Pop., 250. Ancora, p. o. in Camden co., N. J. Ancram, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 1,793. Ancram, p. v. in the above tn., 6^4 mis. W. of Boston Corner, on the New Y'or& & Harlenr R. R. Ancram licad Mines, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., 4 nils. S. E. of Ancram. Ancriim, p. o. in Hamilton co., Fla. Andalusia, p. v. in Sanford co., Ala., 122 mis. S. of Montgomery. It lies near the Cone- cuh R. Andalusia, tn. in Rock Island co.. 111. Pop., 878. Andalusia, p. v. in the above tn., on the E. bank of the Mississippi R.,10 mis. below Rock Island. Andalusia, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Trenton R.R., 5% mis. S. W. of Bristol. Anderson, tn. in Benton co.. Ark. Pop., 901. Anderson, tn. in Clarke co., Ark. Pop., 504. Anderson, p. o. in Mendocino CO., Cal. Anderson, tn. in Clarke co.. 111. Pop., 947. Anderson, v. in INIacoupin co.. 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 4 mis. N. E. of Carbon- ville. Anderson, tn. in Perry CO., Ind. Pop., 1,136. Anderson, tn. in Rush co., Ind. Pop., 1,452; in I860, 1,.398. Anderson, tn. in Warrick co., Ind. Pop., 842. Anderson, tn. in Madison co., Ind. Pop., 4,713. ^Anderson, p. v. in the above tn., and the co. seat ; 36 mis. N. E. of Indianapolis. It is beau- tifully situated on the White R. The Colum- bus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R. inter- sects at Anderson the Cleveland, Columbu.s, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R. It is a flour- ishing town, surrounded by a fertile farming region, and has considerable commerce and numerous manufactories. Pop., 3,126. Three newspapers. Anderson, tn. in Mills CO., Iowa. Pop. .531. Anderson, tn. in Pope co., Minn. Pop., 74. Anderson, p. o. in the above tn. Anderson, p. o. in Clinton co.. Mo. Anderson, tn. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Pop. 4,077. ANDERSON. 78 ANDOVER. Anderson, p. o. in Ross co. Ohio. Tlie Green- ville & Columbia R. R. passes through the co. Anderson Court House is the co. seat. Anderson, co., in Kansas, E. part. Area 575 sq. luls. Pop., 5,'220. The surface is undulat- ing and consists chiefly of prairies. The soil is fertile. The co. is drained by Pottowatomie Cr. and Sugar Or., which empty into the Osage R. The Lawrence & Galveston R. R. traverses it from K. to S. Garnett is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 35,7(59 bush. ; rye, 3,614 bush. ; Indian-corn, 206,989 bash. ; oats, 77,779 bush.; Irish pot's, 21.591 bush.; sweet pot's, 598 bush.; butter, 93,485 lbs., hay, 9,087 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,343,- 358. Total, estimated, vahie of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $442,65.3. Value of manufactures, $84,481. Anderson, co. in Kentuckv, N. part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 5,449 ; in 1860, 7,404. The surface is undulating in some parts and level in others. The Kentucky R. bounds it on the IC. It is drained by Salt R., Hammond. Cr., Stony Cr. and Crooked Cr. The R. R., Avhich is to connect Frankfort and Harrods- burg, passes through the co. from N. to S. Lawrenceburg is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 35,330 bush. ; rye, 19,,539 bush.; Indian-corn, 300,963 bush.; oats, 33,004 bush. : Irish pot's, 2,240 bush. ; sweet pot's, 205 bush.; butter, 112,341 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,597,857. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $548,248. Value of manufactures, $148,883. Anderson, co. in S. Carolina, W. part. Area, 770 sq. mis. Pop., 24,049; in ISGO, 22,873. The E. boundary is formed by the Saluda R., the W. by the Savannah R. and its tributary, Keowee R. Rocky R., Little R. and otlier affluents of the Savannah rise in the eo. and traverse it from N. to S. The surface is hillv and the soil of the valleys very productive. 'The co. seat is Anderson Court House. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 77,169 bush. ; rye. 443 bush. ; Indian-corn, 409,688 bush.; oats, 34,213 bush.; Irish pot's, 918 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,225 bush. ; Cotton, 5.274 bales ; butter, 162,842 lbs. : rice, l.S,8851bs. Cashvalueof farms,$l,28G,989. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,578,850. Value of manufactures, $534,677. Anderson, co. in Tenn., N. K. part. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop. 8,704 ; in 1860, 7,068. The Cumberland Mts. pass through the N. W. part; the Chestnut Ritlge through the S. E. pai-t. The valley between these two ranges is level and very fertile. The co. is drained by the Clinch R. and its tributary, Powells It. The principal products are wheat, corn, oats, tobacco, wool and potatoes. Coal is found in some parts, and in the neighborhood of Eastabrook arc valuable salt springs, and sul- phur springs. Clinton is the CO. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 22,932 bush. ; rye. 290 bush. ; Indian-corn, 262,664 bush. ; oats, 73,441 luLsh. ; Irish pot's, 10,918 bush.; sweet pot's. 11,063 bush.; tobacco, 15,578 lbs.; butter, 77,664 lbs.; hay, 1,217 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,- 045,727. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $344,492. Value of manufactures, $!;6,244. Anderson, co. in Texas, central part. Area abo-ut900sq. mis. Pop. 9,229 ; in 1860, 10,,398. It is Ijoundcd on the E. by the Netches R., and on the \V. by the Trinity R. The iiffluents of the former which drain the co. are IJrusliy Cr., and Hurricane Cr. Those of the Trinity are Cat- fish Ci-., Parker Cr . Lake Cr. and Box Cr. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The valley of the Trinity R. is the richest part of the CO. Its bottom lands are covered with a fine growth of timber. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, .3.5 bush.; rye, 145 buslu; Indian- corn, 177,285 bush.; oats, 2,523 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,716 bush.; sweet pot's, 22,136 bush. ; cotton, 4,016 bales ; butter, 49,381 lbs. Cash value of farms, $399,740. Total, estim.ated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $127,988. Value of manufactures. $1,58,362. Palestine is the co. seat. Anderson, p. v. and the co. seat of Grim.es CO., Tex., 12 mis N. E. of Xavasota. Pop., 490. One newspaper. Anderson, p. o. in Burnett co.. Wis. -^Anderson Court Honse, p. v. and the co. seat of Anderson district, S. C. It is con- nected by the Greenville & Columbia R. R. with Columbia, 127 mis. Cotton trade. Two newspapers. Pop.. 1,432. Anderson, p. o. in Franklin co., Tenn. Andersonburgh, p. v. in Perry co.. Pa., 17^ mis. S. W. of >few Bloomfleld. Anderson's, v. in McXairy co., Tenn., 9% mla. N. of Purdy. Anderson''s, tn. in Wilkes co., Ga. Pop., 883. Anderson's CreeU, tributary of the West Branch of Susquehannah R., passes through Clearfield co.. Pa. Anderson's CreeU, tributary of the Ohio R. in Indiana, rises in Crawford co., and forms the boundary between Perry and Spencer counties. Anderson's Mills, p. o. in Pickens co., S. C. Anderson's Store, p. o. in Caswell co., N. C. Andersontown, p. o. in Carolina Co., Md. Andcrsonville, v. in Pickens co., Ala. Audersonville, tn. in Sumter co., Ga. Pop., 1,366. Andersonville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Southwestern R. R., ,56 mis. S. W. of Macon. Andersonville, p. v. in Franklin co., Ind., 514 mis. W. of Laurel, on White Water R. Andersonville, p. o. in Ross co., O. Andersonville, v. in Anderson District, S. C, near the junction of the Kiowee and Tugaloo Rs. Andes, tn. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop., 2,840. Andes, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. S. E. of Delhi ; is surrounded by a farming district. One newspaper. Andof cr, tn. in Tolland co.. Conn. Pop., 461. Andover, p. v. in the above tn., on the Provi- dence & Willimantic R. R., 13 mis. W. by N. of Willimantic. Andover, tn. in Henry eo., 111. Pop., 1,767. Andover, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. of Cambridge. Andover, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 757. An«lover, p. v. in the above tn., 21 mis. N. of Bryants K., on the Grand Trunk R. R. Andover, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 4,873. *Andover, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Maine R. R., 4 mis. S. bv E. of Lawrence, and 25 mis. from Boston. Has manufactures of linen, fiannel, thread, etc. It is the seat of Phillips Academy, one of the oldest colleges in the Union, Avhich was founded in 1 778. The Andover Theological Seminary, a Congrega- tionalist institution, was founded in 1870. The Abbott Female Academy,another educational institution of Andover, was founded in 1829. One newspaper. Pop., in 1860, 4,765. Andover, p. o. in Harrison co.. Mo. Andover, tn. iu Merrimack co., N. H, Pop., 1,206. Andover, p. v. in the above tn., on the North- ern New Ilampshire K. R., lOj^ mis. W. of Franklin, on the Merrimack R. Andover, tn. in Sussex eo., N. .J. Pop., 1,126. Ando^'er, p. v. in the above tn., on the Sussex Branch of the Morris & Essex R. R., 6 mis. S. of Newton. Andover, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 1,S7.>. *Andover, p. v. in the above tn., on the Erie R. R., V>y, mis. S. by W. of Hornellsville. Numerous' manutactol-ies. Rich farming dis- trict. One newspaper. Andover, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 921. Andover, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. W. of ANDOVER. 79 ANN AEBOR. Espyville, which is l^vals. from the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R. A.iiil. Value of manufactures, $153,530. Appomattox Court ]Ioii!«e, p. v. and the co. seat of Appomattox co., Va., 104 mis. W. by S. of Richmond, on the South Side li. K.,100mls. W. of Petersburg, and 23 mis. E. of Lynch- burg. Appomattox River, a tributary of the James li., in Va., rises in Appomattox co., flows westward, and joins the James R. near City Point. It separates Buckingham, Cumber- land, Powhatan and Chesterfield cos. from Edward, Amelia, Dinwiddle, and Prince George cos. It is na\igable as far as Peters- burg, 20 mis. from its mouth. Apto», p. o. in Santa Cruz co., Cal. Apulia, p. o. in Onondago co., N. Y. Appoqiiinoiniiik, tn. in New Castle CO., Del. Pop., 4,299. Aquackannonok, tn. in Passaic co., N. J. Pop., 4,368. Aquarius' Mountains, a range In ^Y. Colo., trending N. and S., parallel to the valley of Bill Williams Fork. Aquasco, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md., 2^ mis. from the Patuxent R. Aquashicola, p. o. in Carbon co.. Pa. Aqnia, tn. in Stafford co.j Va. Pop., 2,085. Aquia Creek, a sm.all tributary of the Lower Potomac K., in Stafford co., Va., flows in a S. E. direction. Aquiuton, tn. in King William co., Va. Pop., 2,9;i0. Aqnone, p. o. in Macon CO., jST. C. Arabia, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ohio. *Arago, p. V. in Richardson co.. Neb., on the Missouri R., 9 mis. above Rulo. Has manufac- tures and river commei'ce. One newspaper. Ara^o Cape, on the coast of Oregon, S. of the mouth of Umpqua R. Araniisigo, station on the Philadelphia and Reading R. R., 321^ mis. from Philadelphia. Aransas, p. o. in Ifee co., Tex. Arapaho, co. in Col., E. part. Area, 4,680 sq. mis. Pop., 6,829. The surface of this large co. consists chiefly of undulating plains and prairies. The South Platte R. intersects the western part from S. to N., the Republican Fork and Arikave Pork drain the eastern part. Terrapin Cr., Kiowa Cr., Bijou Cr., Beaver Cr.. and other tributaries of the Platte R. flow through the co. from S. to N. The soil of the valleys is productive, and wherever it can be irrigated, large crops are obtained. The Denver Branch of the Paciflc R. R. and the Kansas Pacific R. R. join at Denver, the CO. seat and the capital of the territory. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 41,378 bush. ; rye, 1,042 bush. • Indian-corn, 24,290 bush. ; oats, 46,- 687 bush. ; Irish pot's, 16,585 bush. ; butter, 34,- 905 lbs. ; h*y, 1,382 tons. Cash value of farms, $387,600. I'otal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including atlditions to stock, etc., !{i268,650. Value of manufactures, $887,880. Arapahoe, p. o. in Arapahoe co.. Neb. Ararat, tn. in Susquehanna co., Pa. Poj)., 771. Ararat, p. o. in the above tn. Ararat, p. o. in Patrick co., Va. Ararat River, a small tributary of the Tad- kin R., in Surrey co., N. C. It rises in the Blue Ridge, has a S. E. course, and empties E. of Rockford. Ar1>a, p. o. in Randolph co., Ind. Arbacoockee, p. o. in Cleburne co., Ala. Arbelli*, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 870. Arbela, p. o. in the above tn. Arbela, p. o. in Scotland co.. Mo. Arbor M^ll, p. o. in Adair co., Iowa. Arbor Mill, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. Arbfl 4" I'itte, p. o. in Bullock co., Ala. Arbucklc, tn in Mason CO., w. Va. Pop., 1,301, Arbf ffkle, p. o. in the above tn. Arc«da, tn. iu Gratiot co., Mich. Pop., 1,202. Arcada, tn. in Lapeer co., M/eh. Pop., 418. Arcaile, v. in Sacramento co., Cal., on Central Pacific R. R., 8 nils. N. E. of Sacramento. Arcade, tn. in Wyoming co., N. Y. Pop., 1,742. *Aroade, p. v. in the above tn., on Cattarau- gus Cr., and on Buffalo, New York & Phila- delphia R. R., 35 mis. from Buffalo. Trade iu dairy products. One newspaper. Arcadia, p. o. iu Montgomery CO., Ala. Arcadia, p. o. in Hall co., Ga. Arcadia, tn. in Morgan co.. 111. Pop., 1,251. Arcadia, p. v. in the above tn., about 42 mis. S. W. of Springfleld. Arcadia, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R., 31 mis. N. of Indianapolis. Arcadia, p. o. in Carroll co., Iowa. Arcadia, p. v. iu Crawford co., Kan., 15 mis. S. of Fort Scott. Arcadia, p, o. in Bienville parish, La . Arcadia, tn. in Manistee Co., Mich. Pop., 175. Arcadia, tn. in Iron co.. Mo. Pop., 3,058. Arcadia, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. of Iron Mts., and near the St. Louis & Iron IMountaiu R. R., 85 mis. S. of St. Louis. Pop.,250. Arcadia, tn. in Wayne co., N. Y. Pop., 5,271. Arcadia, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mle. S. of New York Central R. R., and 5]4 mis. W. of Lyons. It lies on the Erie Canal. Arcadia, p. o. in Davidson co., N. C. Arcadia, p. v. in Hancock co., Ohio, on the Lake Erie & Louisville R. R., 28 mis. from Fremont, and 9 mis. from Findley. Pop., 288. Arcadia, p. o, in Washington co., R. I. Arcadia, p. o. in Sullivan co., Tenu. Arcadia, tn in Trempealeau co., Wis. Pop., 1,651. ^ ' Arcadia, p. v. in the above tn., on the Trem- pealeau R., about 10 mis. above its mouth on the Mississippi R. Arcana, p. o. m Grant CO., Ind. Arcanum, p. o. in Darke co., Ohio, on the Dayton & Union R. R., 26 mis. from Dayton. Areata, tn. in Humboldt Co., Cal. Pop., 924. Areata, p. v. in the above tu., on Humboldt B. and N. E. of Eureka. Archbald, p. v. in Luzerne co.. Pa., on the Lackawanna R., and on the Del. & Hudson R. R., d% mis. N. E. of Scranton. In the vicinity are coal mines, to which the village owes its prosperity and rapid growth. Pop., 2,571. Archbold, p. v. in Fulton co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 51 mis. W. of Toledo. Pop., 373. Archer, p. o. in Alachua co., Fla. Archer, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 726. Archer, p. v. in the above tn. Archer, v. iu Richardson co.. Neb., 4 mis. E. of Falls City. Arch Spring', p. o. in Blair CO., Pa. Areola, tn. in Douglas co.. 111. Pop.,2,.332. *Arcola, p. V. in the above tn., on the Illinois Central R. R., 20 mis. S. of Tolona, and on the Paris & Decatur R. R., 158 nils, from Chi- cago ; ships grain and live stock, and has two newspapers. Pop. about 1,500. Areola, p. v. in Allen co., Ind., on the Pitts- burgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 8Umls. W. of Fort Wayne. Areola, p. o. in Menona co., Iowa. Areola, p. v. in St. Helena parish, La., 5 mis. N. of Amite city. Areola, p. o. in Bergen co., N. J. Areola, v. in Lake co., Ohio. Areola, p. o. in Fort Bend co., Tex. Areola or Gum Sprini;, p. v. in Loudon co., Va., about 13 mis. S. of Leesburg. Arden, p. o. in Washington co.. Pa. Ardeu, tn. in Berkely co., W. Va. Pop., 1,528. Ardoyhe, p. o. in Terre Bonne parish, La. Arena, tn. in Iowa co., Wis. Pop., 2,131. Arena, p. v. in the above tn., on the left bank of the Wisconsin R.. and on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 125 mis. W. of Milwaukee, and 59 mis. E. of Prairie du Cliien. ARENAC. 84 ARIZONA. Arenac, p. v. in Bay co., Mich., 31 mis. N. of Bay citj^ and near the shore of Saginaw B. Arenac, tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop., 459. Arentlatal, tn. in Jfilmore co., Minn. Pop., 853. Arendahl, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. N. W. of Preston, the co. seat. Arentltsville, p. v. in Adams CO., Pa., 9^4 mis. K. W. of Gettysburg. Arenzville, th. in Cass co.. III. Pop., 884. Areniville, p. v. in the above tn., on Indian Cr., and ii>4 nils. S. by E. of Bcardsto^vn. Arg'cnta, p. o. in Puhiski co., Arlc. Arfj-enta, p. o. in Beaver Head co., Mont. Argenta, p. v. in Lander co., Nev., on tlie Cen- tral Paciiic R. II., 68 mis. W. of Klko. Arg'ciitiue, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., i,o(;i. Arg:e«itine, p. o. in the above tn. Arg'o, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ala. Arg'o, p. V. in Carroll co., 111., near the Western Union R. R., and about 6 mis from the Mis- sissippi R. Argo, p. o. in Lucas co., Iowa. Argo, p. o. in AVinona co., Minn. Arg;o, p. o. in Crawford Co., Mo., 13 mis. N. of Steelsville. *Arg'os, ]). V. in Marshall co., Ind , on the Chica- fo, Cincinnati & Louisville R.R., 38 mis. from ii]iorte. Arg-iis, p. o. in Crenshaw co., Ala. Arg'usville, p. v. in Schoharie co., N. Y., 10 nils. S. of Conojoharie. Arg'.vle, p. o. inWinnebago co.. 111. Argyle, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 307. Argyle, p. o. in the above tn. Arg'yle, v. in Ware co".. Ga., on the Atlantic & Gulf R. R., 115 mis. S. W. of Savannah. Argyle, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 151. Argyle, tn. in Washington co., N. Y. Argyle, p. v. in the above tn., (3 nils. E. of Fort Edward, on the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R. Argyle, p. v. in Cumberland co., N. C, 15 m.ls. W. of Fayetteville. Arg'yle, tii. in La Fayette co., AVis. Arg-yle, p. v. in the above tn., on the Wasse- mon R., and IS mis. E. of Darlington, the co. seat. Ari, p. o. in Noble co., Ind. Ariana, tn. in Grundy co.. 111. Pop., 337. Arica, p. o. in I)e Kalb co.. Mo. Ariel, p. o. in Wayne co., Pa. Arietta, tn. in Hainilton co., N. Y. Pop., 139. Arilsare Fork, a tributai'y of the Republican R. ; rises in Colorado, flow's through AV. Kans. and has a N. N. E. course. Arington, p. o. in Atchison co., Kans. Arisi>e, tn. in Bureau co., 111. Pop., 3,216. Arispie, p. o. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. ARIZONA, a territory in the south-western part of the United States, is bounded on the X. by Utah and Nevada ; on the E. by New Mexico ; on the AV. by California and Nevada, and on the S. by till! republic of Mexico. It extends from 109° to 114'^ 47' 61^" long. AV. of Greenwich, and from 31° 19' 24" to 37° N. hit. The Colanulo R. forms part of the western boundary. Arizona has an urea of 113,916 sq. mis., or 72,1)06,240 acres, being nearly three times as large as the state of New York. The surface of Arizona consists of elevated table-lands, which are crossed by mountain ranges trending from N. AV. to S. E. nearly par- allel to each other. The northern part of the territory, being occupied by the \Vhite Mesa, has probably an average elevation above the sea of 8,000 feet. It is an arid region, cut up by deep canyons, and joins the Colorado Plateau further S., upon which rise the isolated and lofty peaks known as Mt. Kendrick, San Franci.sco Mt.. Mt. Sitgreavcs, and Bill AVillianis Mts. From this cluster of peaks extend the MogoUou Mts. in a south-easterly direction, and join the Sierra Blaiica or AVhiie Mts. of New Mexico. The next range consists of the San Francisco Mts., lying AV. of the river of the same name, which joins the Rio Salado, and the Pinaleiio Mts., which are intersected by the valley of the Gila R. The north-western section of Arizona is traversed by the Aquarius Mts., the Cerbeat Range, the Black Mts., and the Mohave Mts. The Granite Mts., Eagle Tail Mts., and Dome Mts. occupy the region between the lower course of th(3 Gila R. aiid the Bill AA'illiains Fork. The Peloncello Mts. lie ]iartly in New Jlexico and partly in south-eastern Arizona. This is a fine range, abounding in passes. The most northerly is Doubtful Pass, and eight mis. S. is Stean's Pass. In leaving the Peloncello Mts. the traveler crosses the \'alle de Sauz (or AVil- low Valley), which is traversed by the llio San Domingo, and then encounters the Chiricahui Mts., which form a southerly prolongation of the Pinalefio Mts., and appear'also to be cnntinn- ons with the Sierra Matlre jiroper of 3Iexico. The next two ranges he meets are the Sierra Calitro and the Sierra Santa Catarina, which are separated one from another by the A'alley of the Rio San Pedro. The last range is "suc- ceeded by an extensive plateau, parts of which are covered with salt incrustations, and bevond this follow lower chains, as the Ajo Mts., Cabe- za Prieta ^Rits., and Sierra de la Gila. Rivers. — The principal river is the Colorado of the AVest, which traverses the northern part of the Territory, and then forms the western boundary, separating it from Nevada, California and the Mexican state of Lower California. This largo stream flows within Arizona through the famous Grand Canyon, a stupendous Assure with perpendicular w.alls rising from 500 ta 1,.500 feet. The Black Canyon, below CalU-ille, lies partly in Nevada anil partly in Arizona. It resembles the Grand Canyon, though inferior in length as well as in depth. The other rivers of the Territory are tributaries of the Colora- do. Tlie Flax R., or Little Colorado, traverses the loftj' plateau which occupies the north- eastern section, and flows parallel to the Mo- gollon Mts. It rises in the AVhito Sits., near the boundary of New Mexico, and receives the Zuni R., the Puerco of the West, the Cotton- wood Fork, and numerous small streams, which drain the eastern slopes of the Mogollon Range. Tlie lower course of the Flax R. passes through a deep canyon, which joins the Grand Canyon of the parent stream. The Bill AVilli.ams Fork, another affluent of the Colorado, rises in the Aquarious Mts., flows S. to the junction with the Santa Maria R., and then AV. The Gila R. rises in New MexicOj and pursues a general westerly ilirection to its junction with the Col- orado, near Arizona City. Its southern afllu- ents are the Rio San Domingo, the Rio San Pedro, which receives tlie Aravaypa, and the Rio Santa Cruz. Its northern are the Rio Na- troso, Rio Prieto, Rio Bonito, Rio San Carlos, and the Rio Salado, or Rio San Francisco. The last named is the largest of these streams, and with its numerous tributaries drains a large area of central Arizona west of the Mogollon Mts. Turkey Cr. and the Rio Hassaya, which flow through valleys west of the San Francis-co, terminate in the arid plains, and do not reach the Gila. None of these rivers are navigable, but they are important, as the country depends upon tlieir waters for irrigation and mining. CHmate, Soil, a7id VcgeUilion. — The climate of Arizona is salubrious and pleasant, except in tlie lower sections near the Gila aiul Colorado rivers, where the summers are often excessively hot. The rain-falls occur in June, Julj', August and September. During the rest of the year the necessary supply of water for farming has to bo drawn from the numerous streams, which are fell by never-failing springs and the melting snow in the mountains. Extensive tracts, adapted to agriculture, are found in all the river v.iUeys. Such are several sections of the vallej' of the Colorado. The ARIZONA. 85 ARKANSAS. valley of the San Pedro, more than a hundred miles in length, is especially productive. Tim- ber, though not abundant, is found in sufficient Quantities for home consumption. In the noithorn part of the territory exten- Bive pine forests cover the principal mountain chains ; and the river bottoms and valleys everywhere furnish mesquito, cottonwood, wal- nut, oak, elm, ash, etc. Many sections of the table-lands produce an abundance of nutritive grasses, and are well adapted to grazing. Pcrpulalion.— Arizona, was organized as a ter- ritory by act of Congress of February 24, 18(53 ; and it hud in 1870 a population of 9,658, of whom S,S49 were natives of the United States, and 5,80'J born in foreign countries ; mostly in Mex- ico (4,339). The males, 6,887 in niimber, greatly exceed the females, 2,771. The number of ■whites was 9,581; of colored persons, 26; of Chinese, 20 ; -and of taxed Indians, 31. Those Indians who maintain tribal relations, and are not taxed, are estimated to number 32,0.52, of whom 27,700 lead the life of nomads, and 4.352 live on reservations and at agencies. The Maricopas, "i'umas, Papagos and Pimas belong to the latter class and live in villages, produc- ing large crops of wheat, corn, melons and beans. They are friendly and hospitable, whereas the nomadic Apaches are hostile, and refuse reconciliation with the whites. Their depredations have seriously retarded the growth of the settlements. In agriculture there were engaged 1,285 per- sons ; in professional and personal services, 3,115; in trade and transportation, 591 ; and in manufactures and mechanical and mining in- dustries, 1,093. Thus the aggregate of persons following some useful occupation amounted to 6,030 persons, a very large proportion in the total number of inhabitants. Agriculture is carried on to a very limited' extent. There were in 1870 but 14,585 acres of Improved land, and 7,222 acres of unimproved land m all the farms of the territory; and the cash value of farms amounted to $161,340, or $7.40 per acre. The estimated value of farm productions, including betterments, was $277,- 998. The productions included 27,052 bush, of spring wheat, 32,041 bush, of corn, 55,077 bush. of barley, 3,417 bush, of peas and beans, and 14,500 lbs. of cheese. The value of all live stock was $143,996. There were 335 horses, 401 mules and asses, 938 milch cows, 587 working OX'S!!, 3,607 Other cattle, 803 sheep and 720 swine. Manufactures — The manufacturing industry Of Arizona is inconsiderable. There were 18 manufacturing establishments, emplojang 84 hands and 5 steam-engines, with- 80 liorse- power, turning out products to tlie value of $185,410, which consisted chiefly of flour, feed, lumber and cheese. Mming. — The mineral wealth of Arizona is unquestionably very great, and embraces gold, silver, copper, lead, iron, tin, nickel, platinum, cinnabar and coal. But the unsettled condi- tion of the territory, Indian depredations, and difficulty of access, have thus far prevented the development of this branch of industry. The Hintzelman or Cerro Gorilo mine, 24 mis. W. of Tubae, is the most important, and yields rich silver ore, assaying over $1,000 to the ton. Tlie Mowry mine, near the Lanvita valley, within 10 mis. of the Mexican boundary, produces argentiferous galena, impregnated with arsenic. Other mines are the Santa Rita, Salero, Cahuabi, and San Pedro. There are no railways in .Arizona, and the roads in the wet season are very bad. The transportation is chiefly by pack-mules. Wealth and Taxation. — The true value of real and personal estate was $3,440,791. The assessed value was but $1,410,295, which included $038,355, for real estate, aud $871,940 for personal prop- erty. The taxation, not national, amounted to ^31,323. Education.— T\iQ number of children between 6 and 21 years of age was, in 1870, 1,923 ; yet there were no schools in the territory. The legislature of 1871 passed a law setting aside 10 cents on each $100 of taxable property, and gave authority to the several boards and super- visors to levy additional taxes sufficient to maintain a free school in each school district. The governor was made ex-offlico superinten- dent of public instruction, and the judges of probate were made county superintendents. Oue newspaper is published in each of the following towns: Tucson, Arizona city and Prescott. Oovernment. — The territory was organized. February 24, 1803, and the executive branch con- consists of a Governor, Secretary of State, a Treasurer and Keceiver-tieneral, and an Audi- tor. The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court and Probate Courts. The Chief Justice and the two Associate J udges composing the Supreme Court are appointed by the President. This court holds one session annually at Tuc- son, commencing the fourth Monday of Oc- tober. Arizona is divided into the following five counties: Mohave, Pah Ute, Pima, Yavapai and Yuma. Tucson is the capital of the terri- tory. Arizona, p. o. in Burt co.. Neb. Arizona City, tn. in Yuma co., Ariz. Pop., 1,144. *Arizona City, p. v. in the above tn., at the confluence of the Colorado and Gila Rs., 243 mis. is. of San Diego. It has considerable commerce. In the vicinity are productive gold and silver mines. One newspaper. Arizona Mountains, a chain lying partly in S. Ariz, and partly in N. Mex.,'W. of the Rio Santa Cruz, aud trending N. and S. Arizonia, p. o. m Claiborne parish, La. Arkatla, p. o. in Mason co.. Wash. Ter. Arkadclpfiia, p. o. in Walker CO., Ala. *Arkadclphia, p. v. in Clark co.. Ark., and the CO. seat, 78 mla. S. W. of Little Rock, on the W. bank of the Washita R. The surrounding county produces much cotton. Pour news- papers. Arkansas, tn. in Arkansas co., Ark. Pop., 683. ARKANSAS is bounded on the N. by Mo., on the W. by the Ind. Ter. and Tex., and on the S. by La. The E. boundary is formed by the Missis- sippi R., which separates it from Miss, and Tenn. It extends from 33° K. lat. to 36° 30' N. lat., and from 89° 32' W. long, to 94° 38' W. long. The greatest width from N. to S. is 241 mis. and from E. to W. 285 mis. It has an area of 52,198 sq. mis. or 33,406,720 acres. History. — Arkansas, so called from the Akansa tribe of Indians, was originally embraced in the territory of Louisiana, and was purchased in 1803 from the French government bj' Thomas Jelferson. In 1812 it was separated from the parent colony and organized under territorial government. It was admitted as a state in 1836. Surface. — The B. part of the state, embrac- ing a portion of the Mississippi Valley, consists chiefly of a rich alluvial plain, which is much cut up by " sloughs," lagoons, and swamps. About 100 mis. from the Mississippi R. the ground begins to rise, and toward the W. be- comes hilly and broken. The Ozark Mts. oc- cupy the N. W. part of the state. The various ranges of liills, which trend E. and W,, N. of the Arkansas R. valley, are collectively called the Boston Mts. The Petit Jean range accompanies the southern bank of the Arkansas R. The CrowleyRidge enters the state from the N. and forms the water-shed between the affluents of the St. Francis R. and those of the Cache R. It terminates 4 mis. W. of Helena in Phillips co. Minerals and Mineral Springs. — Arkansas possesses an abundance of mineral resources. AKKANSAS. 86 ARKANSAS. Zinc ores are found in Lawrence, Marion, and Arkansas cos., and iron in nearly all the hilly portions of the state. Lead is also abundant, and copper occurs in Carroll, Fulton, Independ- ence, Izard, Lawrence, Marion and Pulaski cos. A ridge in Hot Springs co. is made up of the most beautiful variety of novaculite, or Ai-- kansas whetstone. It is of very line texture, consists mainly of pure silica, and is considered the best in the world. Porcelain earth or kaolin has been discovered in some wells in Pulaski CO., 18 feet below the general surface ©f the country, and is believed to extend over fc considerable area. Granite, marble, freestone and gypsum are abundant, and coal, both bitu- minous and anthracite, is found in many locali- ties. Arlvansas abounds in mineral springs. Sul- phur and elialybeate springs occur in Washing- ton, Van Buren and Crawford cos. The cele- brated Hot Springs in the county, which de- rives from them its name, are among the most remarkable phenomena of our country. They issue from a steep b ank nearly 200 feet above the Hot Spring Cr., more than 100 in numljer, and of temperatures varying from 140° to 150°. A clicmical analj-sis in D. D. Owen's report proves them to contain free carbonic acid, magnesia, soda, potash, chlorine and sulphuric acid. Their medical value, however, is chiefly attributed to their high temperature. The mammoth sprnig in Fulton co. issues from a large cavernous opening, 40 yards in cir- cumference, and boils up with a constant flow, at the rate of 8,000 barrels per minute. It affords valuable water-power. The water contains sucli a large aniount of carbonic acid, that its surface is in a continuous state of efl'ervcscence or bubbling. The temperature is 60° Fahr. Jiivers.—'i'he numerous streams of Arkansas belong to the system of the Mississippi li., which washes the eastern shore for a distance of more than 400 mis. The Arkansas K. inter- sects the state from W. to. E. and empties into the Mississippi near Napoleon. It is navigable during the greater part of the year. It has been leveed on both banks from I^ine Blulf, in Jefferson co., to its mouth ; and the Mississippi lias been leveed thence southward beyond the limits of the state. The soil thus reclaimed is exceedingly i-ich and has become very valuable. The affluents of the Arkansas in this state are. Mulberry 11., Big Piney K., Illinois Bayou, Bayou Metoe and Fourche laFave. The Wliite li. rises in the Ozark Mts. in Madi- son CO., flows through sontliern Missouri, re- enters Arkansas in Carroll co., and then flows S. E. to Elizabeth in Jackson co. Here it turns to the S. and at last divides into two branches, sending one into the Arkansas and the other into the Mississippi. Its course is very crooked. The Buffalo Fork and Little Bed R. enter into the White R. from the VV., the Black K., Cache R. and Bayou Deview from the N. The St. Francis R. enters the state from the N., flows through the north-eastern coun- ties and empties into the Mississippi, about a mile above the village of Sterling. The Red R. flows through soutli-western Ar- kansas. The Washita R., its tributary, the Sa- line R., and the Bayou Bartholemew are the largest streams which drain tlie state S. of tlie Arkansas R. Nearly all the rivers mentioned above are navigable for considerable distances, except during ilie summer months, when they become greatly reduced by excessive evapora- tion. CVtma^e.— Arkansas has a mild climate. The mean annual temperature in the northern part is about 58°, in the middle 61° and in the south- era 64°. Observations near Little Rock give the following results : Mean annual tempera- ture, 62°, 66 ; mean temperature of winter, 45°, 82 and of summer, 7!)°, 66; highest temperature Observed, yy°, and lowest temperature observed, 8°, The north-western part of the state being the most elevated part, has also tlie coolest cli- mate, the south-eastern the hottest. The low alluvial bottom lands of the Mississippi have an unhealthy climate, while the far largest por- tion of the state is free from endemic diseases. The rainfall varies from 55 inches in tlie south- eastern parts, to 50 inches in the middle, and 40 inches in the north-western. Vegetation. — Arkansas is mostly covered with pine torests, although there are some prairies ot considerable extent. Grand Prairie, between the Arkansas and White lis., is nearly 100 mla. long and 30 mis. broad. The forests of tho hilly parts of the state consist of oak, maples, hickory and other species of deciiluous trees, while the large rivers are fringed with broad belts of dense cotton-wood, cypress and gum trees. In the southern parts of the state pine forests predominate. A7iimuls. — Arkansas still abounds in wild ani- mals. The bear, deer, wolf, wild cat, raccoou, etc., occur frequently in the forests. The buf- falo, herds of which 'formerly roamed over the prairies, is now Imt rarely met with. The rat- tle-snake and the moccasin snake are quite common. The streams abound in fish. Population. — In 1870 Arkansas liad a popula- tion of 484,471. The density of population was, therefore, 'J.28 inhabitants to the sq. ml. The following table gives the total population from decade to decade : Inc. in per cent. 1820 14,255 1830 30,388 112.91 1840 ... 97,674 221.09 1850 209,897 115.12 1860 435,450 107.46 1870 484,471 11.26 The greatest increase took place during the decade from 1830 to 1840 ; the smallest during tlie last decade, which includes the four years of the civil war. Of the total population there were 362,115 whites, and 122,169 colored ; or 74.74 per cent, of the former, and 25.26 per cent, of the latter. By far the largest part of the population was native born, to wit. : 479,445 ; and only 5,026 were foreign born, of whom 342 were born in British America ; 98 in China ; 65 in Denmark ; 236 in France ; 1,562 in Germany ; 526 in England ; 1,428 in Ireland ; 150 in Scotland ; 71 in Holland ; 30 in Italy ; 134 in Sweden, and 104 in Switzerland. The number of the blind was 333 ; of the deaf and duml). 265 ; of the insane, 161, and ot the idiotic, 289. Occupations. — The population over 10 years of age numbered 341,737, and 135,949 of these were engaged in the various useful occupations, to wit : in agriculture, 109,310 : in professional and personal services, 14,877 ; in tratle and transpor- tation, 5,491, and in manufactures, and mechani- cal ami mining pursuits, 6,271. Agriculture.— Ot the total area of the state (33,406,720 acres) only 7,597,296 acres, or 22.7 per cent., were in farms, showing a decrease since 1860 of 1,886,410 acres. The improved lands amounted to 1,859,821 acres, and the woodland and unimproved land in farms to 5,737,475 acres. The number of farms, however, has increased from 39,004 in 1860, to 49,424 in 1870, shewing that the average size of farms is considerably les8 at present than it was Ijefore the emancipation of the slaves. The cash value of farms in 1870 was $40,029,698. or $5.28 per acre, ;j,nd the estimated value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, was $40,701,699. The staple product of the state is cotton which yielded, in 1S60, 367,393 bales, and in 1870 247,968 bales. The otlier agricultural protiucts were: Indian-corn, 13,382,145 bush.; wheat, 741,- 736 bush. ; rye, 27,645 Ijush. ; oats, 528,777 bush. : Irish pot's, 422.196 bush.; sweet pot's, 890,631 ARKANSAS. 87 ARKANSAS. bush. ; rice, 73,021 lbs. ; tobacco, 594,886 lbs. ; wool, 214,784 lbs. ; butter, 2,753,931 lbs.; hay, 6,839 tons, and cane sugar, 92 hhds. The value of live stock was $17,222,566 ; and of agricultural implements, $2,237,409. There were in the state 92,013 horses ; 36,202 mules and asses ; 128,959 milch cows ; 35,387 working oxen ; 193,589 head of other cattle ; 161,077 sheep, and 841,129 swine. The value of slaughtered ani- mals was $3,843,923. iV/i!'?u;»(7.— The Spadra Coal and Iron Compa- ny own 1,585 acres of land on the Arkansas R., in Johnson CO., imderlaid by a bed of supe- rior coal. The company design to erect works for the reduction of the iron ore on their prop- erty. The American Zinc Company are in suc- cessful operation on a tract of 2,000 acres in Sharp CO. They have erected buildings and machinery, and begun to ship zinc and copper ore. The Ouita Coal Company are working a bed of coal in Pope co., 80 mis. from Little Eock. The coal fields of the state are as ex- tensive as those of Pa., and will be a source of wealth, yet awaiting development. 3Ianu/actures.—Avis.ansa,3 has abundant water- power, cheap labor, and illimitable quantities of the raw material entering into the thou- sands of manufactured products consumed by a civilized people. But thus far this business pursuit is in its infancy. The census reports 1,079 establishments, which employed 3,206 hands, 25H steam-engines with 6,101 horse-power; and yielding products to the value of $4,629,234. The principal articles Avere: cotton goods, $22,562 ; woollen goods, $78,690 ; curried leather, ^0,493 ; tanned leather, $42,528 ; machinery, $17,- 000; cast-iron, $10,000; agricultural implements, $12,000; flour and feed, $1,670,416; sawed lumber, $1,344,403; che-wing tobacco, $5,800; cigars, $14,- 000 ; bricks and tiles, $41,000. Internal Improvements and Commerce. — Arkan- sas has considerable river trade, exporting the surplus of agricultural productions chiefly to New Orleans, and importing the commodities reqiiired for home consumption. The large rivers of the state afford over 1,000 mis. of navi- gable water-ways. In 1862 Arkansas had 88 mis. of railroads ; in 1872, 258 mis. The roads are as follows : The Memphis & Little llock R. R., from Memphis, Tenn., to Little Rock, 131 mis., is doing a pay- ing business; the Little Rock & Fort Smith R. R., from the capital to the western part of the state, 50 mis. in operation and 60 mis. more graded ; the Little Rock, Pine Bluff & New Or- leans R. R., 20 mis. of track laid and iron pur- chased for 40 mis. more ; the Mississippi, Oua- chita & Red River R. R., from Eunice to Mis- sissippi R., 42 mis. completed and 20 mis. more graded ; Arkansas Central R. R., from Helena, on the Mississippi, to Aberdeen, thence to Lit- tle Rock, and thence due west, with a branch from Helena to Pine Bluff, 40 mis. completed and 110 mis. remaining under contract; the Kansas City & Fort Smith R. R., from Fort Smith due N., believed to be completed in 1873 ; the Cairo & Fulton R. R., from Cairo.. 111., to Pocahontas, Jacksonport and Little liock, and thence S. "W. through the state, under contract to be flnished to Fulton by Jan. 1, 1874, and the Memphis & Kansas It. R., from iMemphis, Tenn., through Jacksonport, Bates vi He and Yellville to Springfield, Mo., is under contract, and crosses the state from S. E. to N. W., connecting with the two lines above named. The Helena & Iron Mt. R. R. will pass through eastern Ar- kansas from S. to N., intersecting the 3Iemphis & Little Rock R. R. at Madison. Wealth and Finances.~ThQ estimated value Of real and personal property was in 1850, $39 - 841,025; m 1860, $219,256,473, and in 1870, $1.56!- 394,691. Since 1860 the wealth of the state has diminished $62,861,728, or nearly 29 per cent. The assessed value of real estate in 1870 was $'33,102,- 304, and of personal estate $31,426,539. In 1860 the former was $63,245,740, and the latter $116,- 956,590. Thus, while the assessed value of real estate was a trifle greater in 1870 than in 1860, the value of personal estate fell off nearly three- fourths during this decade, a decrease mainly due to the abolition of slavery. The total public debt of Arkansas (not na- tional) was in 1870 (at the end of the month of June), $4,151,152. Of this amount the state debt was $3,459,557 ; the aggregate debt of the coun- ties, $.536,649, and of the towns, cities, etc.,$1.54,946. JSducation—AccoviMng to the census of 1860 there were in Arkansas four colleges with 225 students, but the war interrupted all educa- tional labors, and none of these colleges are now in operation. The constitution provides that the General Assembly shall establish and maintain free schools. It further provides for a State University with an agricultural de- partment. The State Board consists of a State Superintendent and ten District Superintend- ents. But it seems that the eflorts to establish public schools have been thus far but moder- ately successful. The free school system, how- ever, is attracting notice and meets with favor from the people. The number of school children in 1869 was esti- mated at 180,000, about 100,000 of whom were con- nected with the schools. The Arkansas Institute for the education of the blind, founded 12 years ago, and the Arkan- sas Deaf and Mute Institute, founded two years ago, are in successful operation. Both are located at Little Rock. Govern7nent.—The Governor, Lieutenant-Gov- ernor, Secretary of State, Auditor, Treasurer, Attorney-General and Superintendent of Pub- lic Schools, are chosen by the qualifled elec- tors of the state for a term of four years. The House of Representatives consists of 82 mem- bers chosen for two years, and the Senate of 24 members chosen for four years. The Legis- lature meets every two years on the first Mon- day of January. All male persons, born in the United States, or naturalized, or having declared their inten- tion to become citizens of the United States, who are 21 years old and upward, shall have resided in the state for 6 months next iDreced- ing an election, and are at the time actual resi- dents of the county in which they ofter to vote, are electors. The Supreme Court consists of a Chief Jus- tice and four Associate Justices. It has appel- late jurisdiction and the supervision of all in- ferior courts. It holds annually two terms. The judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the Governor for 8 years. "The Circuit Courts have original jurisdiction over criminal cases not otherwise provided for by law. The Judges and Attorneys of the Dis- trict Courts are appointed for four years by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate. Cown^ie.?. —Arkansas is divided into the fol- lowing 64 counties : Arkansas, Ashley, Benton, Boone, Bradley, Calhoun, Carroll, Chicot, Clark, Columbia, Conway, Craighead, Crawford, Crit- tenden, Cross, Dallas, Desha, Vrew, Franklin, Fulton, Grant, Greene, Hempstead, Hot Springs, Independence, Izard, .Jackson, .Jefferson, .John- son, Lafayette, Lawrence, Lincoln, Little River, Madison, Marion, Mississippi, INtonroe, Mont, gomery, Nevada, Newton, Ouachita, Periy, Phillips, Pike, Poinsett, Polk, Pope, Prairie, Pulaski, Randolph, St. Francis, Saline, Sarber, Scott, Searcy, Sebastian, Sevier, Sharp, Union, Van Buren, Washington, White, Woodruff, Yell. Cities and Villages. — Arkansas has but one In- corporated city. Little Rock, the state capital, with a population of 12,380 ; four villages, with more than 1..500 inhabitants, and eight villa- ges with from .500 to 1,. 500 inhabitants. Arkansas, co: in Ark., E. part. Area about ARKANSAS CITY. 88 ARNOLD'S CREEK. 1,200 sq. mis. Top., 8,268 ; in 1860, 8,844. The surface is low and level, consisting generally of prairies. The rivers are skirted with woods. White R. forms part of the E. boun- dary. The La Cruez II., a tributary of the latter, traverses tlie co. from N.N.W.toS.S.E. The Arkansas R. flows through the southern part, and receives the Bayou Me toe. The soil Is very fertile and the climate warm. Do Witt, on the N. bank of the Arkansas R., is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 200 bush. ; Indian-corn, 217,450 bush ; cotton, 12,315 bales ; Irish pot's, 17,327 bush. ; sweet pot's, 28,598 bush. Cash value of farms, $935,012. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, inclutliug additions to stock, etc., $967,367. Arkansas City, p. v. in Cowley co., Kans., lies at the junction of the Arkansas R. and White Water Cr., 170 mis. S. VV. of Emporia, 280 mis. from Florence. Cattle trade with Tex. One newspaper. Arltaiisas Post, p. v. in Arkansas co., Ark., on the N. bank of the Arkansas R., about 13 mis. S. E. of De Witt. Arkansas River, one of the largest tribu- taries of the Mississippi, rises in the Rocky Mts., in 39° 23' N. lat. anil 10ij° 20' long. W. of Greenwich. It first flows S. in a narrow valley between two mountain chains, west of the Middle Park, in Colorado, and then turns E., passing through the mountains, which extend between tlie San Luis Park and the South Park. Emerging from the Rocky Mts., it traverses the barren plains of E. Colorado and Kansas. Near Fort Dodge it deflects to the N. as far as Fort Zarab, whence it curves to the S. E., and passes through the N. E. part of Indian Ter. At Fort Smith it enters Arkansas, and divides it into two nearly equal sections, and at last joins the Missis- sippi near the town of Napoleon, in lat. 33° 22' N. Its entire length probably exceeds 2,300 mis.; for 600 mis. it is over half a mle. wide. During the summer months it is too shallow to be navigable, but during the greater part of the year it floats steamboats for upward of 700 mis. above its mouth. The diflereuce between high and low water is 25 feet. Arkansaw, p. o. in Pepin co.. Wis. Arkaqna, tn. in Union co., Ga. Pop., 584. Arkdalc, p. v. in Adams co., Wis., 7 mis. N. E. of Friendship, the co. seat. Arkport, p. v. in Steuben CO., N. Y., on the Canisteo R., K mle. E. of the Uuttalo Branch of the Erie R. R. and o^/i mis. N. by W. of Hornellsville. Arkvillc, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. ArkwrigUt, tn. in Chatauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 1,030. ArkwrigUt Summit, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. of Forestville. near the Erie R. R. ArlaiKl, p. V. in Jackson co., Mich., on the Grand River Valley R. R., 15 nils, from Jack- sou and 79 mis. from Grand Rapids. Arlington, p. o. in Early CO., Ga. ♦Arlington, p. v. in Bureau CO., 111., on the Chicago, BurUngton & Quincy R. R., 9 mis. E. of Mehdota. Arlington, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 3,2(11. Arlington, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lex- ington & West Cambridge Branch of the Fitchlnirg R. R., 8^ mis. N. W. of Boston. Arlington, tn. in Van Buren co., Mich. Pop., 1.360. Arlington, tn. in Sibley co., Minn. Pop., 7.53. Arlington, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. W. of Henderson, on the Minnesota R. Arlington, tn. in Phelps eo.. Mo. Pop., 1,190. Arlington, p. v. in the above tn. Arlington, p. o. in Hancock CO., Ohio. Arlington, p. o. in Wayne co.. Pa. Arlington, tn. in .iUexandria CO., Va. Pop., 1,374. ' Arlington, tn. in Bennington CO., Vt. Pop., 1,636. Arlington, p. v. In the above tn., on the Bennnigton & Rutland R. R., 8 mla. 8. by W. of Manchester. Arlington, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 823. Arlington, p. o. in the above tn. Arlington, p. o. in Alexandria CO., Va. Arlington Mills, in Fairfax co., Va., a station on the Alexandria, Loudon & Hampshire K. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Alexandria. Arniacalola, tn. in Dawson co., Ga. Pop., 433. Armada, tn. in Macomb co., Midi. Pop., 1,721. *Arma«la, p. v. in the above tn., near Mich.. Air Line R. R., 7>e|i»ot, p. v. m Worcester co., Mass., on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 11 mis. from Fitchburg. Asliby, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 994. Ash by, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. W. of West Townshend. Ashby, V. in Bibb co., Ala., on the Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R., 48 mis. N. of Selma. Ashby, V. in Coles co.. 111. Ashby, p. o. in Houston co., Tex. Ashby, p. o. in 'Cumberland co., Va. Ashby, tn. in Rockingham co., Va. Pop., 2,268. Ashby, tn. in Shenandoah co., Va. Pop., 2,645. Ashbysburg'h, p. v. in Hopkins CO., Ky., on Green R., 8 mis. below Ramsay and 12 mls.N. E. of Slaughtersville, on the E'vansville, Hen- derson & Nashville R. R. Ashby's Mills, p. o. in Montgomery CO., Ind. Ash €amii>, p. o. in Pike co., Ky. AsSb Creek, p. o. in Rock co., Minn. Ash Creek, p. o. in Oktibbeha co.. Miss. Ashe, CO. in N. C, N. W. part. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 9,573 ; in 1860, 7,956. It is bounded on the S. E. by the Blue Riilge and on the W. by the Stone Mts. The surface is mountain- ous. The New R. flows through it from S. to N., and receives North Fork and other tributaries. The soil is fertile, and large tracts afford excellent pasturage. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 16,311 bush.; rye, 32,311 bush.; Indian-corn, 120,515 bush.; oats, 42,350 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,732 bush.; butter, 72,130 lbs.; hay, 1,663 tons. Cash value of farms, $847,548. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $346,441. Jefferson is the co. seat. ^^ Asherville, p. o. in Stoddard co., Mo. *Asheville, p. v. and the co. seat of Buncombe CO., N. C, on the French Broad R., 273 mis. W. of Raleigh. It is situated in the midst of magnificent mountain scenery. Pop., 1,400. Two newspapers. Asherville, tn. in Mitchell co., Kans. Pop., 144. Asherville p. o. in the above tn. Asheville, v. in Lancaster co., Pa. Ashlicld, tn. in Franklin co., Mass. \ ^op., 1,180. Ashfield, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mlis, W. of Deerlield. Ash Flat, p. o. in Sharp co.. Ark. Ashford, tn. in Windliam co., Conn. Pop., 1,241. ASHFORD. 90 ASHLEY. Ashford, p. v. in Windliam CO., Comi.,N. N. E. of AVillitnantic. Ashford, tn. ia Cattaraugus CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,801. Ashford, p. v. in tlie above tn., 13 mis. N. E. of Cattaraun-us. Ashford, tn. in Fond du Lac co., Wis.Pop., 1,769. Ashford, p. o. in the above tn. Ash Orove, tn. in Iroquois co.,Ill., Pop., 1,146. Ash-Orove, p. o. in the above tn. AsJij?rove, tn. in Shelby co., 111. Pop., 1,499. Ash Orove, p. o. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Ash Cirove, p. o. in Davis co., Iowa. Ash Orove, p. v. in Greene co., Mo. Ash Hills, tn. in Butler co.. Mo. Pop., 491. Ashippuii, tn. in Dodge co., Wis. Pop., 1,C'23. Aslii]>i>uii, p. o. in the above tn. Ashknin, tn. in Iroquois co., 111. Pop., 1,.315. Ashkuiii, p. V. in the above tn., on the Chicago Division of the Central II. R., 73 mis. from Chicago, and 224 luls. from St. Louis. Ashliiiid, p. o. in Newcastle co., Del. Ashland, co. in Ohio, N. E. part. Area, about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 21,933 ; in 1860, 22,951. The S. part is hilly ; the remainder undulating. The Black Fork forms the S. VV. boundary. Lucas Fork rises in the co., and with its affluents drains the larger portion. Both are branches of the Mohican R. The soil is very rich, and agriculture is the chief occupation. The At- lantic & Great Westei-n R. R. passes through from N. E. to S. VV". The co. seat is Ashland. Agr. prodnctions in 1870: Wheat, 467,684 bush.; rye, 8,052 bush. ; Indian-corn, 537,798 bush. ; oats, 551,245 bush. ; Irish pot's, 117,416 bush. ; sweet pot's, 333 bush. ; butter, 668,473 lbs. ; hay, 33,674 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,121,144. Total, estimated, value of all farn^ produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,968,- 925. Value of manufactures, $973,670. *Ashlaiid, p. V. and the co. scat of Ashland CO., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. K., 381-!$ mis. S. W. of Cleveland, and 196 mis. N. E. of Cincinnati. Agr. district. Pop., 2,601. Two newspapers. Ashland, co. in Wis., N. W. part. Area, about 2,155 sq. mis. Pop., 221. It borders in the N. on Lake Superioi-. The surface is hilly, and slopes from the center to the N. and to "the S. The S. part is drained by the head waters of the Chippewa R. ; the N. part by a number of Crs. which empty into the lake. Iron ore of a superior quality abounds in the co. The CO. seat is Ashland. Agr. productions in 1870 : Oats, 350 bush.; Irish pot's, 530 bush.; butter, 260 lbs.; hay, 72 tons. Cash value of farms, $17,400. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .ff2,150. Ashland, p. v. and the co. seat of the above co., is a small v. lying on the shore of Lake Supe- rior. Ashland, tn. in Clay CO., Ala. Pop., 1,499. Ashland, p. v. in the above tn., and the co. seat, 75 mis. N. of Montgomery. One news- paper. Ashland, tn. in Lawrence co., Ark. Pop., 147. Ashland, p. v. in Cass co., 111., on the .Jackson Division of the Chicago & AltouR. R., 200 mis. S. W. of Chicago. Pop., 203. Ashland, tn. in ISIorgan co., Ind. Pop., 969. Ashland, p. v. in Henry co., Ind., on the Co- lumbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R., S]4 mis. E. of New Castle. Ashland, v. in Wabash co., Ind. Ashland, v. in Fayette co., Ind., on the White Water 11. and Canal. Ashland, p. v. in Wapello co., Iowa, on the Des Moines R. and the Des Moines Valley R. R., 63 mis. N. W. of Keokuk. *Ashland, p. v. in Uoyd co., Ky., on the Ohio R., 4 mis. below Catlcttsburg ; 5s the terminus of the Lexington & Hig Sandy R. R. Coal and iron mines and numerous furnaces are in the vicinity. One newspaper. Pop., 1,4.59. Ashland, formerly the residence of Henry Clay, the great statesman, lies 2 mis. S. E. or Lexington, in Fayette co., Ky. It is now occu- pied by the Industrial College of Ky., which forms a part of the university of the state. Ashland, p. v. in Dalton tn., Aroostook co., Me., 24 mis. W. of Presque Island. Ashland, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Ashland, tn. -in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., Ashland, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 2-% mis. W. of South Framing- ham. Ashland, tn. in Newaygo co., Mich. Pop., 770. Ashland, p. o. in the above tn. Ashland, tn. in Dodge co., Minn. Pop., 611. Ashland, v. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. by S. of Dodge Centre on the Winona & St. Peter R. R. Ashland, p. o. in Benton co., Miss. Ashland, p. v. in Boone co.. Mo., IS mis. N.by W. of .JetTerson city. ^Ashland, p. v. andthe co. scat of Sanders co., Nebr., near Salt Cr. and the Platte R., and on the Burlington & Missouri R. R., in Nebr., 81 mis. S. W. of Plattsmouth. Pop., 653. It liea in a rich farminar district. One newspaper. Ashland, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., SS.I "^Ashland, p. v. in the above tn., on SquamR. and the Boston & Lowell^ R. R., 120 mis. from Boston. Ashland, tn. in Chemung co., N. T. Pop., 1,016. Ashland, tn. in Greene co. N. Y. Pop., 992. Ashland, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. of Windliam Centre. Ashland, tn. in Jackson co., Oreg. Pop., in 1860, 346. *Ashland, p. v. in the above tn. Ashland, tn. in Clarion co.. Pa. Pop., 75S. Ashlan. Ashley, tn. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Pop., 2,110. *Ashley, p. v. in Washington CO., 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 267 mis. from. Chicago and 98 mis. from Cairo. Ashley, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Ashley, tn. in Pike co., Mo. Pop , 1,222. Ashle.y, p. v. in the above tn., 7J^ mis. S. of Bowling Green. Ashley, flourishing p. v. in Delaware CO., Ohio, ASHLEY. 91 ATCHISON. on the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. li., lOii.^ mis. from Cleveland and 33U mis. from Columbus. Pop., 454. Ashley,' p. o. in Luzerne CO., Pa. Asbloy Falls, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., on the Housatonic R. R., 10 mis. S. of Great Bar- rington. Ashley Mills, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Ai-k. Ashley's Point, p o. in Phillips co., Ark. Ashley ville, p. v. in Hampden CO., Mass. Ash lilcli, p. o. in Randolph co., W. Va. Ashinore, tn. in Coles co.. 111. Pop., 2,088. Ashmore, p. v. in the above tn., on Alton & St. Louis R. R., 19 mis. E. of Mattoon. AshpetucU River, a small tributary of the Saucratuck R., in Fairfield co.. Conn. Ash Point, V. in Nemaha co., Kans., about 75 ml9. N. K. TV. of Topeka. Ashport, p. V. ia Lauderdale co., Tenn., on the Mississippi R., 13 mis. W. of Ripley. Ash Ridge, p. o. in Massac co.. 111. Ash Ridge, p. o. in Brown co., Ohio. Ash Ridge, p. o. in Richland CO., Wis. Ashtabula, co. in Ohio, embraces the N. E. extremity of the state. Pop., 32,517; in 1800, 31,814. It borders on Lake Erie and on Penn- sylvania. The surface is mostly level and tlie soil fertile. Conneaut Cr. drains the E. part, Ashtabula R. the central part, and Grand R. the VV. part. Wheat, Indian-corn, oats, hay and wool are the principal products. The Lake Shore R. R. passes through the N. part. Jefferson is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 190,191 bush. ; rye, 4,218 bush. ; Indian-corn, 382,5.56 bush. ; oats, 557,032 bush. ; Irish pot's, 363,957 bush. ; sweet pot's, 137 bush ; butter, 1,1.34,877 lbs., hay, 58,678 tons. Cash value of farms, $15,378,315. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,757,959. Value of manufactures, $1,632,222. Ashtabula, tn. in the above co. Pop., 3,.304. ^Ashtabula, p. v. in the above tn.. on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 54 mis. E. ot Cleveland, and 129 mis. W. of Buffalo. Pop. 1,999. Is the terminus of the Aslitabula, Youngstown & Pittsburgh R. R. One news- paper. Ashtabnla River, an affluent of Lake Erie, in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Ashton, tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., 1,007. Ashton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Galena Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 84 mis. from Chicago. Ashton, tn. in Monona co., Iowa. Pop , lOG. Ashton, p. o. in Osceola co., Mich. Ashton, p. o. iu Clarke co.. Mo. Ashton, V. in Carbon co.. Pa. Productive coal mines are in the vicinity. Ashton, p. V. in Providence co., R. I., on the Providence & Worcester R. R., 9}^ mis. N. of Providence. Ashton, p. o. in Sumter co., S. C. Ashton, p. o. in San Augustine CO., Tex. Ashton, p. V. in Dane co., Wis., 11 mis. N. W. ot Madison. Ashnelot, p. v. in Clieshire co., N. H., on the Ashuelot R. R., 16 mis. S. W. of Keene. Ashville, tn. in St. Clair co., Ala. Pop., 922. Ashville, p. v. in the above tn., and the co. seat, 188 mis. from Moutgomery, on Canoe Cr., and on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. R., 102 mis. S. S. AV. of Chattanooga. Aabwood, p. o. in Maury co., Tenn. Askeaton, p. o. in Brown co.. Wis. Askew, ]i. o. in I'hillips co.. Ark. Aspelund, p. o. in Goodhue co., Minn. Aspen Grove, p. o. in Pendleton co., Ky. Aspen Cirove, p. o. in Pittsylvania co., Va. Aspen Mill, p. v. in Giles co., Tenn. Aspen Wall, p. o. in Charlotte co., Va. Asper, p. o. in Livingston co.. Mo. Aspin Grove, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. C. Aspinwall, p. v. in Nemaha co., Nebr., on the Missouri R., 7 mis. S. Of Brownville. Aspinwall, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Assabet, v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on tho Marlborough Br. R. R., 2i^ mis. S. of South Acton. Assaiuoosic, p. o. in Southampton co., Va. Assumption, parish in La., S. E. part. Area, 320 sq. mis. Pop., 13,234 ; in 1860, 1.5,379. It is bounded on the W. by Grand R. The E. part is traversed by the Bayou La Eourche, a branch of the Mississippi Delta, which drains L. Verrett, in this parish. The surface is throughout level and low ; the soil very fei- tile. It is one of the chief sugar growing dis- tricts in the state. The co. seat is Assump- tion. Agr. productions in 1870: Cotton, 263 bales ; sugar, 9,.558 hhds. ; Indian-corn, 246,929 bush. ; Irish pot's, 2,109 bush. ; sweet pot's, 11,950 bush. ; rice, 17,229 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,953,395. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,579,831. Value of manufactures, $1,187,737. Assumption, p. v. and the co. seat of the above parish ; 78 mis. from New Orleans, and 1,338 mis. from Washiugton. Lies on Bayou La Eourche. Assumption, tn. in Christian co., 111. Pop., 1,246. ^Assumption, p. v. in the above tn., on the Illinois Central R. R., 274 inls. from Dubuque, and 182 mis. from Cairo. Has one newspaper. Pop. about 550. Assyria, tn. in Barry CO., Mich. Pop., 1,175, Assyria, p. o. in the above tn. Astin's, tn. in Greene co., Va. Pop., 1,27.5. Aston, tn in Delaware co.. Pa. Pop., 1,845. Astoria, tn. in Eulton co.. 111. Pop., 2,118. Astoria, p. v. in the above tn., about 6 mis. VV. of the Illinois R., lies in a rich agricultu- ral district, and by railroad 6 mis. S. E. of Vermont. Astoria, p. v. in Wright co., Mo., on a branch of the Gasconade R., and 13 mis. N. E. of Hartsville, the co. seat. Astoria, p. v. in Queens CO., N. T., about 6 mis. from New York city. Lies near Hallitt's Cave, on Long Island. It contains many fine suburban residences of New York business men. Pop., 5,204. ^Astoria, p. v., and the co. seat of Clatsop co., Oreg. Lies about 10 mis. from the mouth of the Columbia R. It was founded by John Jacob Astor, of New York. Pop., 639. Asylum, tn. in Bradfoi-d co.. Pa. Pop., 1,155 Asylum, p. o. in the above tn. Atalissa, p. v. in Muscatine eo., Iowa, lies on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 33 mis. from Davenport. Atalla, p. V. in Etowa co., Ala., on the Ala- bama & Chattanooga R. R., 87 mis. S. S. W. of Chattanooga and 15 mis. N. E. of Ashville. Atascosa, co. in Tex., S. part. Area about 1,200 sq. mis. Pop., 2,915 ; in 1860, 1,578. The surface is undulating, and consists to a great extent of fertile prairies. It is drained by Atascosa Cr., an affluent of the Medina R. Pleasanton is theeo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 36,371 bush. ; Irish pot's, 122 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,839 bush. ; butter, 18,182 lbs.; hay, 12 tons. Cash value of farms, $74 453. Total", estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $75,710. Atascosa, p. o. in Bexar co., Tex. Atchaf'alaya Bay, on the S. coast of La., is bounded by the St. Mary's and Terre Bonne parishes. It receives the Atchafalaya R. Point aux Fer, on which a light-house has been erected, lies S. of it. Atchafalaya Bayou, see Mississippi R. Atchison, co. in Kan., N. E. part. Area about 415 sq. nils. Pop., 15,.507; in 18:50, 7,729. It bor- ders in the E. on the Missouri R.,and is drained by Stranger's Cr. and Sautrelle R., which are tributaries of the Platte R. The surface is ATCHISON. 92 ATKINSON. undulating and consists of rich prairies. Tlie watei'-courses are skirted witli woodland. The Central Branch of the Union Pacific R. R. traverses this co. Atchison is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 71,778 bush. ; rye, 3,496 busli. ; Indian-corn, 808,1(15 bush. ; oats, 191,000 bush. ; Irish pot's, 204,(;0-2 bush. ; sweet pofs, 379 bush. ; Ijutter, 191,894: lbs. ; hay, 15,534 tons. Oasli value of farms, $3,.5-25,775. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- • 204,753. Value of manufactures, $740,99,5. &.tcbison, the co. seat of the above co., is a floui-ishing city, lying on the left bank of the Missouri, surrounded by picturcs(iue hills and bluffs. It is 48 nils. N. W. of Kansas City by the Missouri Pacific R. R., and 89 mis. N. E. of Topeka, and 20 mis. below St. .Joseph, Mo. It is tlie terminus of the Central Branch of the Union Pacific R. R., of the Atchison, To- peka & Santa Pe R. R., and the Atcliison & Nebraska R. R. Has important manufac- tories ; much trade and four newspapers. Pop., 7,051. Atchisou, CO. in Mo., forming the N. W. ex- tremity. Area, about 700 sq. mis. Pop., 8,440; in 18()0, 4,049. It is bounded on the N. by Iowa, on the \V. by the Missouri R. and on the E. by the Nodaway R. The surface is rolling and consists mostly of open prah-ies. The Nishna- batona and Tarkce Rs., tributaries of the Mis- souri, traverse the co. from X. to S. The Coun- cil Blutfs & St. Josephs R. R. passes through the W. part. Rockport is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 45,117 bush. ; rye, 1.100 ))ush,; Indian-corn, 1,312,030 bush.; oats, 69,660 bush. ; Irish pot's, 48,263 bush. ; sweet pot's, 50 bush. ; butter, 127,826 lbs. ; hay, CO tons. Cash value of farms, !i«3,.513,482. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc, 1,089,750. Value of manufactures, !J2;>1,700. Atctii.sou, tn. in Nodaway co., Mo. Pop., 1,219. Atcliison, p. o. in Washington co.. Pa. Atco, p. V. in Camden co., N. .!., near the New Jersey Southern R. R., 2% mis. E. of Berlin. Atlialia, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ohio. Athelstaiie, p. o. in Clav co., Kaus. Athens, co. in Ohio, S. E. part. Area, 430 sfj. mis. Pop., 23,708; in 1860, 21,364. Borders, in the S. E. corner, on the Ohio R., and is drain- ed by the Hocking R. The surface is broken. The rich bottom lands of the water-coiirses are hemmed in by steep hills of considerable heiglit. Tlie soil is very fertile. Iron and coal are mined. The hill slopes are covered with fine forests. Athens is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 123,745 bush. ; rye, 2,187 bush. ; Indian-corn, 619.447 bush, ; oats, 90,012 bush. ; Irish pot's, 78,721 bnsh. ; sweet pot's, 1,055 bush. ; butter, 513,864 lbs. ; hay, 23,239 tons. Cash value of farms, etc,, g7, 414,708. Total, estimated, value of all farn^ productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,007,698. Value of manufactures, 4351,- 342. Athens, tn. in Dallas co., Ala. Pop., .3,505. Athens, tn. in Limestone co., Ala. Pop., 2,618. *Athcns, p. V. in tlie above tn. and the co. seat, on the Nashville & Decatur R. R., 12 mis. N. of the i unction with the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 107 mis. S. of Nashville, 15 mis. from De- catur. Pop., 887. One newspaper. Athens, tn. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Pop., 502. *Athens, city and co. seat of Clarke co.,Ga., on the Oconee 11. and the Athens Branch of the Georgia R. R., 92 mis. N. W. of Augusta. The surrounding district produces large amounts of cotton and is very fertile. Has manufac- tures and four newspapers. Pop., 4,251. Athens, p. v. in Menard co., 111., 12 mis. N. N. W. of Springfield. Pop., 351. Athens, v. in St. Clair co., 111., on the Kaskas- kia R., which is navigable to this point. Athens, V. in Cook co., 111., on the Des Plainea R. and the Illinois Canal, 25 mle. S. W. of Chi- cago. Athens, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans. Athens, p. V. in Fayette co., Ky., 12 mis S. E. of Lexington. The surrounding country is highly productive and well cultivated. Athens, p. v. in Claiborne parish, La., 13 mla. E. of Minden. Athens, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Pop., 1,.540. Athens, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. of Skowliegan. Athens, tn. in Calhoxin co., Mich. Pop., 1,294. Athens, p. v. in the above tn., 19^^ nils. S. of Battle Cr. Athens, v. in Dakota CO., Mmn., 3 mis. W. of the Mississippi R. Athens, p. v. in Monroe CO., Miss., 4 mis. N. E. of Aberdeen, the co. seat. Athens, p. v. in Clarke co.. Mo., on the Des Moines R., about 25 mis. above its junction with the Mississippi. Athens, tn. in Gentry co.. Mo. Pop., 2,211. Athens, p. v. in Richardson co., Nebr., on the South Fork of the Big Nemaha R., IS mis. W. of Falls City. Athens, tn. in Greene co., N. Y. Pop., 2,942. Athens, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hudson R., 29 mis. below Albany. A steam-ferry con- nects it with the city of Hudson. It "is the southern terminus of the Saratoga & Hudson River branch of the New York Central R. B. Pop., 1,793. Athens, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 3,277. ♦Athens, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Hocking R. and Marietta & Cincinnati R. R. ; is tlie terminus of the Columbus & Hocking Valley R. R., 100 nils, from Cincin- nati and 12 mis. from Columbus. Productive coal mines in the iieigliborhood. The sur- rounding country is productive. Atlieus is the seat of the University of Oliio, and has two newspapers. Pop., 1,696. Athens, tn. in Harrison co., Oliio. Pop., 2,942. Athens, tn. in Bradford co., Pa. Pop., 2,256. Athens, p. V. in tlie above tn., near the junc- tion of the Tioga R. with the N. branch of the Susquehanna li., 15 mis. N. of Towanda, and 4 inls. from Waverly Junction on the Erie R. R. Pop., 965. Two newspapers. Athens, tn. in Crawford CO., Pa. Pop^ 1,317. *Athens, p. V. and the co. seat of McMinn co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., 55 mis. from Knoxville and 65 nils, from Chattanooga. Pop., 974. One news- paper. Athens, p. v. and co. seat of Henderson CO., Tex., 221 mis. N. E. of Austin. Pop., 545. Athens, tn. in NVindham co., Vt. Pop., 295. Athens, p. o. in the above tn. Athensville, p. o. in Greene co.. 111. Athcrton, p. o. in Parke Co., Ind. Athlone, p. V. in Monroe co., Mich., 10 mis. N. of Monroe. Athol, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 3,517. At hoi, p. V. in the above tn., near the V erniont & Massachusetis R. R., 22 mis. E. of Green- fli'ld and 33 mis. W. of Fitchburg. Athol, p. o. in Warren co., N. Y. Athol, p. o. in Jackson co.. Wis. * Athol Depot, p. o. in Worcester co.. Mass., on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 33 mis. W. of Fitchburg. Atkins, tn. in Coosa CO., Ala. Pop., .543. Atkinson, tn. in Henry CO., 111. Pop., 1,132. Atkinson, p. V. in the'above tn., on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 1.52 nils. W. of Chicago, and 30 mis. E. of Rock Island. Atkinson, p. o. in Benton co., Ind. Atkinson,tn. in Piscataquis CO., Me. Pop., 810. Atkinson, p. o. in the above tn. Atkinson, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop,, 488. Atkinson, p. v. in the above tu., 2^ mis. N. W. of Atkinson Depot. ATKINSON DEPOT. 93 ATWOOD. Atkinson Depot, p. v. in RocWngbam co., N. H., on the Uoston & Maine R. K., 13 mis. S. W. of iCxeter. AftkiMsou's Mills, p. o. in MifQin CO., Pa. Atltinsonville, p. v. in Owen co., Ind., 10 mis. E. of Bowiiiii? Green. AtUins' Tank, p. o. In Smytli Co., Va. Atlanta, p. o. in Columbia co., Arlc. Atlanta, p. o. in San Joaquin co., Cal. Atlanta, tn.in Fulton co., Ga. Pop., 21,789. ♦Atlanta, city in the above tn., and the capitol of Ga., y mis. S. of the Chattanoora 11., and at the intersection of the Western & Atlantic R. R. with the Atlanta & West Point R. R., and with the Macon & Western R. R. Atlanta Is 175 mis. from Montgomery, Ala., 171 mis. W. of Augusta, and 103 mis. from Macon. It exports large quantities of cotton, grain, flour, and other products of the neighboring counties, and has several factories, machine shops, and flouring mills. Pop., 21,783; in 1860, 9,554. Thirteen newspapers. Atlanta, p. o. in Alturas co., Idalio. Atlanta, tn. in Logan co., 111. Pop. 2,339. ♦Atlanta, p. v. in the above tn.. on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 147 nils. S. W. of Chicago and f 110 mis. N. N. E. of Alton. It has an active trade in grain, and two newspapers. Atlanta, p. o. in liuchanan co., Iowa, near the Wapsipmicon R., and 60 mis. W. S. W. of Dubuque. Atlanta, p. o. in Montgomery co., Kans. Atlanta, p. o. in Winn parisli, La. Atlanta, p. v. in Macon co.. Mo., on the N. Missouri R. R., 181 mis. from St. Louis. Atlanta, p. o. in Saline co., Nebr. Atlanta, p. o. in Sampson co., N. C. Atlanta, p. v. in Pickaway co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati & Zanesville R. R., 13i^ mis. W. by S. of Circleville. Atlanta, p. o. in Cass CO., Tex. ♦Atlantic, p. v. in Cass co., Iowa, on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 79 mis. W. of Des Moines and 52 mis. E. of Council BhilTs. Two newspapers. Pop., about 2.000. Atlantic, tn. in Monmouth, co., N. J. Pop., 1.713. Atlantic, a co. in N. J., S. E. part. Area about 625 sq. mis. Pop., 14,093 ; in 1800, 11,786. It is bounded on the S. E. by the Atlantic Ocean, from which extend Great B. Absecum B. Atlantic B. and Great Egg Harbor ; on the K. E. by Atkinson R., and on the S. W. by Tuckahoo R. The surface is low, level and mostly sandy. The E. portions are covered "with marshes and cedar swamps. Tlie soil is moderately fertile. The Great Egg Harbor R. and the Camden & Atlantic R. Rs. pass througlithe county from K. W. to S. E. Mays Landing is the co. seat. Agr. productions "in 1870 : Wheat, 7,193 bush. ; rye, 3,349 bush. ; oats, 1,921 bush. ; Indian-corn, 47,488, bush. ; Irish pot's, 31,702 bush. ; sweet pot's. 18,514 bush. ; butter, 33,036 lbs. ; hay, 4,675 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,628540. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $361,918. Value of ma"hufactures, $799,464. Atlantic, p. o. In Crawford co.. Pa. ♦Atlantic City, p. v. in Atlantic co., N. J., is a fashionable watering-place on the coast, and the terminus of the Camden & Atlantic R. R. (61 mis.). It contains several large and ele- gant hotels, which are usually crowded during the summer months. ♦Atlantic €ity, p. v. in Sweet Water CO., Wyo. Atlantic, tn. in Accomack co., Va. Pop., 4,111. Atlantic, p. o. in the above tn. Atlanticville, p. o. in Monmouth co., N. J. Atlanticvillc, p. o. in Sufl'olk co., N. Y. Lies near the S. shore of Long Island. Atlas, tn. in Pike CO., 111. Pop., 1,584. Atlas, p. V. in the above tn., 37 mis. S. E. of Quincy, and about 5 mis. from tlie Missis- sippi R. Atlas, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,501. Atlas, p. V. in the above tn.. 6}4 mis. E. of Girard Blank on the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Atlas, p. o. in Belmont co., Ohio. Atlee Station, p. o.in Hanover co., Va., on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 9 mis. N. of Rich- mond. Atoka, p. o. in the Choctaw Kation, Ind. Ter. Atsion, p. V, in "Burlington co., N. J., on the Atsion R., at the junction of the Vineland R. R. with the JST. J. Southern R. R., 24 mis. from ■\Vhltings. Pop., 50. Attalla, V. in Etowa eo., Ala., at the intersec- tion of the Ala. & Chattanooga R. R. with the Ala. & Cincinnati R. R., 87 mis. S. of Chatta- nooi^a. One newspaper. Pop. about 400. Attala, CO. in Miss., central part. Ai'ca, 030sq. mis. Pop., 14,776 ; in 1860, 14,169. It is bounded on the W. by the Big Black R. The surface i3 nearly level, the soil fertile. The Yukamok- luna il. passes through the co. from N. E. to S. W. Kosciusko is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 9,544 bush.; rye, 112 bush. ; Indian-corn, 337 402 bush. ; oats, 10,681 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,391 bush.; sweet pot's, 35,1,'50 bush. ; cotton, 8,912 bales ; butter, 128,- 063 lbs ; hay, 109 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,197,213. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,485,058. Value of manufactures, $140,922. Attauam, p. o. in Y'akima co.. Wash. Ter. Attapnlg^as, tn. in Decatur, co., Ga. Pop., 1,488. Attatoona, tn. in Barton CO., Ga. Pop., 686. Attyrbcrry Station, p. o. in Menard co., 111. ♦Attica, p. V. in Fountain co., Ind., on the To- ledo. ^V abash & Western R. R., 224 mis. from Toledo and 22 mis. from Lafaj-ette. It Is beau- tifully situated on the Wabash R., and the Wabash canal, about 16 mis. above Covington, the CO. seat. The surrounding country is very productive, and much grain is shipped from this town. Pop., 2,273. One newspaper. Attica, p. V. in Marion cb., Iowa, 43 mis. S. E. of Des Moines. Attica, tn. in Lapeer co , Mich. Pop., 1,620. Attica, p. o. in the above tn. Attica, tn. in Wyoming co., N. Y. Pop., 2,546. ''Attica, p. V. In the above tn., on Tonawanda Cr. and the Erieli. R., 31 mis. from Buffalo, it is the junction of the Corning branch with the Hornellsville branch. Two newspapers. ♦Attica, p. V. in Seneca co., Ohio, 11^ mis. by the mail-route from Centerton, on the San- dusky, Mausfleld & Newark R. R. Pop., 370. Attica, p. V. in Green co.. Wis., Vi}4 mis. J^". N. W. ofBrodhead. Attila, p. o. in Williamson co.. 111. Attlefeorous'li, tn. in Bristol co., Mass. It has numerous manufacturing establishments of jewelry, cotton goods, straw bonnets, metal buttons, etc. Pop., 6,769. AttletoorougJi, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Providence R. R., 31 mis. from Bos- ton, and 13 mis. from Providence. Attlcboroug'b, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., 7^ mis. by mail-route from Bristol on the Philadel- phia & Trenton R. R. Attleborougk Falls, p. o. in Bristol CO., Mass. Attlebury, p. o. in Dutchess CO., N. Y. Atwarter, p. o. in Kandiyohi co., Mmn. Atwater, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. Pop., 1,180. Atwater, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cleve- land & Pittsburgh R. R., 49 mis. S. by E. of Cleveland. Atwater Centre, p. o. in the above tn. Atwood, p. V. in Kosciusko co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 108 mis. from Chicago. AtwoocI, p. o. in Antrim co., Mich. Atwood, p. o. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Atwood, p. o. in Carroll co., Tenn. AUBBEENAUBBEE. 94 AUGLAIZE. Anbbcenanbbec, tn. in Fulton co.Jnd. Pop., 745. Anbbeenanbbec, v. in the above tn., on the Tippecanoe K. Aubrey, tn. in Johnson co., Kans. Pop., 1,12.5. Aubrey, p. v. in the above tn., 35 ml.s. E. S. E. of Lawrence, and 11 mis. 8. K. of Olathe. Aubrey, v. in Mohave co., Ariz., on the Colo- rado K. Auburn, tn. in Lee co., Ala. Pop., 3,822. ♦Auburn, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mont- gomery & West Point K. R., GO mis. E. of SlontgDmery, and 28 mis. W. of West Point. It has several educational establishments, and is situated in a healthy locality. Pop. 1,018. Auburn, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Ark. ♦Auburn, p. v. and the co. seat of Placer co., Cal., near the American K., and on the Central Pacific R. R., 35 mis. from Sacramento. Rich gold mines are in the neighborhood. Pop , 800. It has orchards and vineyards, and manufactures wine. Three newspapers. Auburn, p. o. in Gwinnett co., Ga. Auburn, tn. in Clarke CO., 111. Pop„ 602. Auburn, tn. in Sangamon co., Dl. Pop., 1,303. *Auburn, p. v. in the above tn. Lies in a rich farming district, and on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 200 mis. S. S. E. of Chicago and 80 mis. N. N. E. of E. St. Louis. Auburn, v. in Moultrie co.,T.ll., 3 mis. 3^. of the Kaskaskia R. *Anburn, p. v. and the co. seat of De Kalb co., Ind., on the Fort Wayne & Jackson & Sagin- aw R. R., 23 mis. N. ofFort Wayne. Pop., G77. It has manufactixres and one newspaper. Auburn, p. v. in Mahaska co., Iowa, on the Des Moines R., 75 mis. W. S. W. of Iowa City and 7 mis. W. by S. of Oskaloosa. Auburn, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 1,059. Auburn, v. in the above tn. Lies on Turkey R. Auburn, tn. in Shawnee CO., Kans. Pop.,C6'2. Auburn, p. v. in the above tn., on Wakarusa Cr., 1-t mis. S. S. W. of Topeka. *Auburn, p. v. in Logan co., Ky.. on the Mem- phis & Louisville R. R. Pop., 610. *Auburn, p. v. and the co. seat of Androscrog- gin CO., Me., on the Maine Central R. R., 3:3 mis. from Portland and 105 mis. from Bangor. It lies on the Androscroggin R. The fine water-power which is afforded by the outlet of two ponds in the neighborhood is employ- ed in various manufactories, saw mills arid flouring mills. Boots and shoes, sash and blinds, bobbins, etc., are the principal articles produced. Auburn, tn. In Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,178. Auburn, p. v. in the above tn., on the Norwich & Worcester R. R., 4 mis. from Worcester and 69 mis. from New London. Auburn, v. in Oakland co., Mich., 75 mis. E. of Lansing. Lies on the Clinton R., and is con- nected by a canal with Lake Michigan. Auburn, "p. o. in Hinds co., Miss. Auburn, 1). V. in Lincoln co., Mo., 60 mis. N. W. of St.Loi ~" seat. )uis, and 8)4 mis. N. of Troy, the co. Auburn, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 815. Auburn, p. v. in the above tn., on the Concord & Portsmouth R. R., 33 mis. from Portsmouth and 26 mis. from Concord. Auburn, p. o. in Salem co., N. J. *Auburn, city and the co. seat of Cayuga co., N. Y., on the New "i'ork Central R. U., 173Vi mis. from Albany and 76j,'i mis. from Roclies- ter. It lies 2]4 mis. N. W, of Owasco Lake. It is the scat oT a theological seminary (Pres- byteri.an) and of the Auburn Academy. The outlet of Owasco Lake affords extensive wa- ter-power, Avhich is emi>lo5'ed in numerous manufacturing establishments and douririg mills. A large state prison is located here. It is a very handsome city, -witli wide streets and many elegant buildings. Pop., 17,225 ; in I860, 10,986 ; in 1850, 9,548. SLx newspapers. Auburn, p. v. in Wake co., N. C, 9 mis. S. E. of Raleigh. Auburn, tn. in Tuscarawas co.,Ohio. Pop. ,1,251. Auburn, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 910. Auburn, tn. in Geauga co., Ohio. Pop., 783. Auburn, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Mantua Station, on the Cleveland & Mahon- ing R. R. Auburn, p. v. in Baker co., Oreg., 444 mis. from Salem. It lies near the junction of Blue Gulch Cr. with Powder R. Gold is found iu the neighborhood. Auburn, p. v. in Schuylkill co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 10 mis. from Pottsville and 25 mis. from Reading. Auburn, tn. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. Pop., 2,006. Auburn, p. o. in Cannon co., Tenn. Auburn, tn. in Montgomery co., Ya. Pop., 3,171. Auburn, p, o. in the above tn. Auburn, tn. in Fond du Lac co., Wis. Pop., 1,626. Auburn Centre, p. v. in Susquehanna co.. Pa., 13 mis. S. W. of Montrose, the co. scat. Auburn I>alc, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Boston & Albany R. R., C m^ls. W. of Boston. Auburn Four Corners, p. v. in Susquehanna CO., Pa., 9 mis. S. W. of Montrose. -4ubnrn Mills, p. o. in Hanover co., Va. Aucella, tn. in Tliomas co., Ga. Pop , 2,750. Aucloke, tn. in Hernando co., Fla. Pop., 120. Auclenried, p. v. in. Carbon co., Pa. 70 mis. from Easton. Audrain, co. in Mo., N. central part. Area, 675 sq. mis. Pop., 12,307 ; in 1860, 8,075. The surface is mostly level and covered with prairies. Salt R. rises in the S. part and flows N. Long Branch and other afiluents of Salt R. drain this co. The soil is fertile. The North ^Missouri R. R. passes through the co. from E. to AV. Mexico is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. 44,.545bush. ; rye, 4,639 bush. ; Indian-corn, 648,%3 bush. ; oa'ts, 292,435 bush. ; Irish pot's, 34,056 bush. ; sweet pot's, 780 bush. ; tobacco, 6,850 lbs. ; butter, 241,8.55 lbs. ; hay, 12,236 tons. Cash value or farms, $5,1.31,435. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,467,751. Value of manufactures, $385,255. Audubon, CO. in Iowa, S. W. part.~Area, 635 sq. mis. Pop., 1,212 ; in 1860, 454. The surface consists of undulating prairies diversified with detached pieces of woodland. This co. is drained by the Nishnabatony R., a tribu- tary of the Missouri. The soil is fertile and particularly adapted to grazing and stock- raising. Exira is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 26.174 bush.; Indian- corn, 98,1.50 bush. ; oats, 7,100 bush.; Irish pot's. 2,993 bush. ; wool, 6,018 ll)s. ; butter, 29,872 lbs. ; hay, 3,457 tons. Cash value of farms, $26,432. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to sto(dc, etc., $194,- 5.58. Value of manufactures, $36,175. Audubon, tn. in Montgomery co.. 111. Pop., 1,2.50. Audubon, v. in the above tn., 46 mis. S. E. of Springfield. Audubon, tn. in Audubon co., Iowa. Pop., 3S1. Audnbou, p. o. in Becker co., INIinn. Aughwick Mills, p. o. iu Huntingdon co., l*a. Auglaize, co. in Ohio, W. part. Area, 399 sq. nils. I'op., 20,041 ; in 1860, 17,187. The surface is level and the soil fertile. It is drained by the Auglaize and St. Marie's Rs. The Miami & Erie Canal passes through the W. part ; the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R.R. through the central part. Wai^akonetta is the co. seat. AUGLAIZE. 95 AURO. Agv. productions in 1870 : Wlieat, 266,756 busli. ; rye, 13,04S busli. ; Indian-corn, 379,015 bush. ; oats, 215,277 bush.; Irish pot's, 36,3.5-t bush; sweet pot's, 357 bush.; butter, 246,085 lbs. ; liay, 14,694 tons. Casli value of farms, $6,429,025. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,- 06S,2S8. Value of manufactures, $772,253. Aiig:laize, tn. in Camden co.. Mo. Pop., 1,330. Ang'laize, tu. in Miller eo.. Mo. Pop., 608. Aujj'laize, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop., 1,696. Ans^laize, tn in Paulding co., Ohio. Pop., 788. Ang'laize, p. o. in Van Wert co., Ohio. Auglaize Kiver, a tributary of the Maumee R., which it joins at Defiance Ohio. It is navi- gable to AVapakonetta. Auglaize River, also called the Grand Au- glaize K., a tributary of Osage K.^in Mo., IS formed by the confluence of the Wet and Dry Auglaize, which join in Camden co. It falls into the Osage R. a few miles below Erie. Au Gres, tn. iu Barry CO., ISIich, Pop., 255. Au Gres, p. o. in Bay co., Mich. Aug'usta, tn. inAVoodruff co, Ark. Pop., 2,213. *Augnsta, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seati, on the White R , and 55 mis. N. E. of Lit- tle Rock. ♦Augusta, city and the co. seat of Richmond CO., Ga., on the W. bank of Savannah K., which is navigable to this point (230 inls. above its mouth). It is the terminus of the Georgia R. R., which connects it with Atlanta (171 mis). The distance to Charleston by the South Car- olina R. R. is 137 mis. A canal 9 mis. long brings the water of the Savannah 35 feet above tlie level of the city, and tlius furnishes ample water power for numerous manufac- turmg establishments. Augusta has an ex- tensive wholesale commerce, and is, nest to Savannah and Atlanta, the most populous and important city of llie state. A line of Steamers connects it with Savannah. Poj)., 15,389 ; in 1860, 12,493. It has a cotton factory, 4 flouring mills and 5 newspapers. Augusta, tn. in Hancock.co., 111. Pop., 1,992. Augusta, p. V. iu the above tn., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R , 36 mis. from Quincy, and 63 mis. from Galesburg. It is surrounded by a rich prairie country. Augusta, V. in Marion co.,Ind., on the Indian- apolis. Cincinnati & Lafayette E. R., 125 mis. from Cincinnati and 54 mis. from Lafayette. Augusta, V. in Noble co., Ind. Augusta, tn. tu Des Moines co., Iowa. Pop., 584. Augusta, p. V. in the above tn., on Skunk R., and 9 mis. S. W. of Burlington. Augusta, tn. in Butler co , Kans. Pop., 515. ♦Augusta, p. V. intlie above tn., 150 mis. S. W. of Topeka, and in a fertile farming district. One newsiuiper. ♦Augusta, p. V. in Bracken co., Ky. Lies on the Ohio R., 45 mis. above Cincinnati. It is the seat of Augusta College, has steam flouring mills, and is a thriving place. Pop., 950. One newspaper. Augusta, V. in De Sota parish, I^a. ♦Augusta, the capitol of Maine and the co. seat of Kennebec co., on the Kennebec R., 45 mis. above its mouth. It is by the Portland & Kennebec R. R., 63 mis from Portland, and 37 from Skohegan. The distance to Boston is 175 mis. The business part of the citv lies on the river. The principal hotels and the finest i-esidences stand on the elevated ground W. of it. The State House, built of light granite, is a splendid building, surrounded by a park, and standing on an eminence which com- mands an extensive view. Augusta contains a United States arsenal, an insane asylum and a female academy. A dam across the Kennebec R. has been constructed whereby water-power for the numerous manufactur- ing establishments is obtained. The river is navigable below Augusta, and also above as far as Waterville. Pop., 7,808; in 1860, 7,609, and in 1850, 8,225. Eight newspapers. Augusta, tn. in Kalamazoo co.,Mich. Pop., 608. Augusta, p. V. in the above tn., on the Michi- gan Central R. R., 130 mis. W. of Detroit, and 14 nils. E. of Kalamazoo. Augusta, tn. in Washtenaw CO., Mich. Pop., 1,470. Aug'usta, p. V. and the co. seat of Perry CO., Miss., on the Leaf R., a tributary of the Pas- cagoula R., 112 mis. S. E. of Jackson. Augusta, p. V. in St. Charles co.. Mo., near the Missouri R., and on the Missouri Pacific R. R., 48 mis. W. of St. Louis, and 77 mis. from Jef- ferson city. Augusta, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 2,867. Augusta, p. V. in the above tn., on Skanandoa Cr. Augusta, p. V. in Sussex CO., N. J., 66 mis. from Trenton. Augusta, tn. in Carroll co., Ohio. Pop., 1,015. Augusta, p. V. in the above tn., 5i4uils. S. W. of MaysvUle, on the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R. Augusta, p. V. in Northumberland co.. Pa., 5 mis. S. E. of Sunbury, on the Susquehanna R. Augusta, thriving v. in Potter co.. Pa., on the Kettle Cr., a tributary of the Susquehanna R. Augusta, p. V. in Houston co., Tex., about 20 mis. S. W. of Rusk. Augusta, CO. in Va., central part. Area, about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 28,763 ; in 18(>0, 27,749. It is bounded on the S. E. by the Blue Ridge, and on the N. W. by the Short Mt. and the Cow Pasture Mt. It forms a part of the beautiful Shenandoah Valley. The surface is undulat- ing and diversilied by several mountain ranges, trending S. W. and N. E., as the Back Mt. and the North Mt. The Cow Pasture R., which rises in the chain of the same name, flows S. W, . The Shenandoah R. rises in this CO., being formed by the confluence of Swoops R., Christian's Cr. and South R., and flows N. E. Anthracite coal is found. The Chesapeake & Ohio R. R. passes through the Rockfish Gap, in the Blue Ridge, and intersects the co. from E. to W. Staunton is the co. seat. Agr. pr oductions in 1870 : Wheat, 403,276 bush ; rye, 29,835 bush. ; Indian-corn, 280,380 bush. ; oats, 234,492 bush. ; Irish pot's, 2^,090 bush. ; sweet pot's, 498 bush. ; butter, 353,335 lbs. ; tobacco 2,000 lbs.; hay, 19,671 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,232,552. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,130,430. Value ot manufactures, $985,554. ♦Augusta, p. V. in Eau Clare co.. Wis., on Otter Cr. and on the W. Wisconsin R. R., 24 mis. S. E. of Eau Clare. Pop., 1,000. One newspa- per. Augusta Station, p. v. in Marion co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & Lafayette R. R., 10 mis N. N. W. of Indianapolis. Aullville, p. V. in Lafayette co., Mo., on St. Louis & Lexington R. R., 15 mis. from Lexing- ton. One newspaper. Aumau's Uill, p. o. in Montgomery CO., N. C. Auiusville, p. o. in Marion co., Oreg. Anraria, v. in Arapahoe co., Colo., on S. fork of the Platte R., a few mis. above Denver. Anraria, p. v. in Lumpkin co., Ga., on the Etowa K., and 6 mis. S. W. of Dahlonega. Aurdale, tn. in Otter Tail co., Minn. Pop., 85. Aurdale, p. o. in the above tn. Aurelia, p. o. in Cherokee co., Iowa. Aurclius, tu. in Ingham co., Mich. Pop., 1,506. Aurelius, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. W. of Mason. Aurelius, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., l,95i Aurelius, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. W. of Auburn. Aurelius, tn.in Washington co.,Ohio. Pop..799. Aurelius Station, p. o. in Cayuga co., N. X. Auriesville, p. o. in Montgomery co., N. \. Auro, p. 0. in Sanford co., Ala. AURORA. 96 AUTAUGA. Anrora, p. o. in Etowali co., Ala. Aurora, tn. in Lumpkin co., Ga. Pop., 797. Aurora, tn. in Kane co., 111. Pop., 13,195. ♦Aurora, city in the above tn., on Fox R. and on the Chica?;o, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 39 mis. S. W. of Chicago, io nils, from Menclota, and ICS mis. from Burlington. It is a very flourishing place, has wagon manufactories, woolen mills, flouring mills and machine shops, and ships large quantities of grain, pork and wool. Sis newspapers. Poix, 11,102; in ISGO, 6,011. *Aurora, p. t. in Dearborn co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 25 mis. below Cincinnati, and on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. It ships grain and hay ; has flouring mills, cooper shops, distil- leries and one newspaper. Pop., 3,304. Aurora, p. o. in Keokuk co., Iowa, near the S. Pork of Englisli R., and 12>^ mis. from Sigour- ney, the co. seat. Aurora, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans. Aurora, p. o. in Marshall CO., Ky. Anrora, tn. in Hancock co., Me. Pop., 212. Aurora, p. o. in the above tn. Aurora, tn. in Steele co., Minn. Pop., 422. Aurora, p. v. in the above tn., on the Milwau- kee & St. Paul R. R., 80 mis. S. of St. Paul. Anrora, p. o. in Lawrence CO., Mo. Aurora^ p. o. in Hamilton co., Kebr. *Anrora, p. v. and the co. seat of Esmeralda CO., Nev., 110 nils. S. E. of Carson City. In the vicinity are rich silver mines. Pop., 160. Anrora, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., on the E. shore of Cayuga Lake, 12 mis. S. of the village Cayuga ; with which it is connected by a daily line of steamers. It is the seat of the Cayuga County Academy, and lias a manufactory of mowing machines. Pop., 450. Aurora, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 2,573. Aurora, v. in the above tn.,near East Aurora, the terminus of tlie Buflalo & Wash. R. R., and 17 inls. S. E. of Bufl"alo. Anrora, p. o. in Beauiort co., N. C. Aurora, tn. in Portage co., Oliio. Pop., 642. Anrora, p. v. in the above tn., near Cleveland & Mahoning R. R., 25 mis. from Cleveland. Anrora, v. in Jeflcrson co., Tex. Lies on the W. shore of Sabine Lake. Anrora, p. o. in Washington eg.. Wis. Anrora, tn. in Waushara co.. Wis. Pop., 967. AuroraJiviSle, p. v. in the above tn. AuroraMJlls, p.v. in Marion co.,Oreg., on the Wilhimette R., and 30 mis. N. of Salehi. *Au Sable, p. v. in Iosco co., Mich., at the moiitli of the Au Sable R., and 15 mis. N. E.of Tawas City, the co. seat. Ah SaJjle, tn. in Clinton co., N. Y. Pop., 2.S03. *Au Sable Forlts, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y., 5 mis. W. of Clintonville and on W. H. & P. R.R., Au Sable River, a tributary of L. Champlani, rises in Placed L., near Whitefaco Mt., in Es- sex CO., flows to the N. E. and forms the boundary between Clinton and Essex cos., and etnpties 14 nils. S. of Plattsburg. An Sable River, in E. Michigan, rises in Otsego CO., flows S. into Crawford Co., turns E. and flows through Osceola, Alcona and Iosco cos. It empties N. of Saginaw B. Austen, p. o. in Preston co., W. Va. Austerlitz, p. v. in Kent co., Mich., a't the junction of Rouge and Grand Rs., and near the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 7 mis. N. E. of Grand Rapids. Ansterlitz, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 1,442. Ansterlitz, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. E. of Chatliam Village. Austin, CO. in Texas, S. E. part. Area, 9.50 sq. mis. Pop., 15,087 ; in 1860, 10,131). The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. The Brazos R. flows through the co. from N. to S., and is, during part of the year, navigable. The rais- ing of live stock is the chief source of wealth. Bollville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : WTieat, 30 bush. ; rye, 445 bush. ; Indian- corn,'44o,504 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,368 husli. ; sweet pot's, 65,745 bush.: cotton, 11,967 bales; butter, 100.S67 lbs. ; hay, 3,711 tons. Cash value ot farms, ^1,724,465. Total, esrimatcd, value oil all farm productions, inclutiing additions to stock, etc., Sil,3a2,667. Value of manufactures, $164,4.57. Austin, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Austin, p. V. in Cook co.. 111., on the Chicago & Nortliwestcrn R. R., 6 mis. from Chicago. Austin, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., 713. Austin, p. V. in Scott co., Ind., on the .Teffer- sonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 33 mis. from .Jcfl'ersonville and 16 mis. from Seymour. Austin, V. in Fremont CO., Iowa. Austin, tn. in Mecosta co., Mich. Pop., 316. Austin, p. o. in Oakland co., Mich. Aitstin, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 349. Austin, tn. in Mower CO., Minn. Pop., 2,631. *Austin, p. T. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Red Cedar R., and at the junction of the Illinois Central R. R. with the Minnesota Di- vision of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 101 mis. S. of St. Paul and 111 mis. N. W. of Mc- Gregor, Iowa. Pop., 2,039. Two newspapers. Austin, p. v. anrl the co. seat of Tunica CO., Miss., on the Mississippi R., 70 mis. below Memphis and 276 mis. K. of Jackson. Much cotton is shipped here. Two newspapers. Austin, tn. in Cass co.. Mo. Pop., 1,366. Austin, p. V. in the above tn., on Grand B., and 10 mis. S. of Harrisonville. *A»istin, citj' and the co. seat of Lander co., Nev., 185 mis. E. of Carson City. It is situated in the famous silver mining region of Reese R., and at the base of the Toyabo Mts. It has several quartz mills. Pop., 1,324. Austin, p. o. in Cumberland CO., N. J. Austin, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. *Austin, the capital of Texas and the co. seat of Travis co., on the left bank of the Colorado R., which is navigable to this point, about 250 mis. from its mouth. It is, by the mail-route, 230 mis. from Galveston. The situation of Austin is very picturesque. Pop., 4,428; in 18G0, 3,494. It has some manufactories and 9 newspapers. Anstinbui-gh, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop. ,1.1 11. Austinburgh, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from the lake shore, and about 50 mis. from Cleveland. Geneva, 7 mis. distant, is the nearest station on the Lake Shore R. R. Austin's Mills, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. Austintown, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 1,948. Anstintoirn, p. o. in the above tn. Anstiiiville, v. in Livingston co., Mo., 4^^ mis, S. of Moorsville on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. Anstinville, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., 3 mis. W. of Columbia Cross Roads, on the Northern Central R. R. It is 22 mis. distant from To- wanda. Anstinville, v. in Wythe co , Va. Lies on the New R., and is 12^^ nils. S. E. of AVytheTllle. Australia, p. o. in Bolivar co , Miss. Autauga, co. in Ala., central part. Area, about 1,100 sq. mis. Pop., 11,623 ; in 1860, 16,739. It borders in the E. on the Coosa R. ; in the S. on the Alabama R., and in the W. on Mul- berry Cr. Autauga Cr., a tributary of the Alabama, drains the central part. The sur- face is broken in the N. and level in the 9. The soil is fertile. The Selnia, Rome & Dal- ton R. R. extends near the W. boundary. Kingston is the co. seat. Baker and Elnioro COS. were in part formed by sections of Autau- ga co., hence the apparent decrease in popu- lation! Agr. productions in 1870 : Av heat, 909 bush. ; rye, 57 bush.; Indian-corn, 191,153 bush. ; oats, 5,.5R8 bush. ; Irish pot's, 2,151 bush. ; sweet pot's, 36,660 bush. ; cotton, 7,965 bales ; butter, 25,.542 lbs. ; haj', 209 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,122,059. Total, estimated, AUTAUGAVILLE. 97 AZTALAN. value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $995,114. Value of manufactures, $607,663. Antaug'avllle, tn. m Autauga co., Ala. Pop., 2,3S7. Autangaville, p. v. in tlae above tn., near the Alabama R. and 21 mis. W. of Montgomery. Auxvasse, tn. in Callaway co.,Mo. Pop., 2,050. Ava, p. o. in Jackson co.. 111. Ava, p. o. in Douglass co., Mo. Ava, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., i, 160. Ava, p. V. in the above tn., 14 mis. N. of Rome. Ava, p. o. in Noble co., Ohio. Ava, p. rf). in Buchanan co., Va. Avalanche, p. o. in Vernon co., "Wis. Avaloii, V. in Baltimore Co., Md., on the Pa- tapsco R., 10 mis. above Baltimore. Avalou, p. o. in Livingston co., Mo. Avalona, tn. in Putman CO., Ga. Pop., 779. Aveiia, tn. in Fayette co.. 111. Pop., 1,182. Averill, tn. in Essex co., Vt. Pop., 14. Averill, tn. in Jefferson co., W. Va. Pop., 2,030 Averill's Station, p. v. in Midland co., Mich., on the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R., 9 mis. N. W. of Midland. Avery, p. o. in Jo Daviess co., 111. Avery, v. in Monroe co., Iowa, 9}4 nils. S. W. of Alula, the co. seat. Avery, p. v. in Berrien CO., Mich. Is a station on the Michigan Central R. R., 75 mis. E. of Chicago, and 65 mis W . of Kalamazoo. Avery, v. on the line between Maries and Phelps COS., Mo., lOniJs. N. N. E. of RoUa. Averysboroug'li, p. v. in Harnett co., N. C, on Cape Fear R., about 3S mis. from Raleigh. Avery's CreeU, p. o. in Buncombe co., N. C. Avery's Gore, tn. in Franklin co.,Vt. Pop., 34. Avilla, p. V. in Noble co., Ind., 7 mis. S. by E. of Kendallville, on the N. Indiana Branch of tlie Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. Avilla, p. V. in Jasper co., Mo., 8 mis. N. W. of Carthuge, the co. seat. Aviston, p. V. in Clinton co.. 111., near the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 34 mis. E. of St. Louis. Avoca, tn. in Lawrence co., Ala. Pop., 936. Avoca, p. o. in the above tn. Avoca, p. o. in Benton co.. Ark. Avoca, tn. in Livingston CO., 111. Pop., 825. Avoca, v. in the above tn., on the South Fork of the Vermillion R., 9 mis. S. E. of Pontiac. Avoca, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ind. ♦Avoca, p. V. in Pottawattamie co., Iowa, on Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 45 mis. from Council Bluffs. Much trade ; one news- paper. Avoca, p. o. in Jackson co., Kans. AA'oca, p. o. in Jefferson co.. Mo. Avoca, p. o. in Cass co.. Neb. Avoca, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop , 1,740. Avoca, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rochester Division of the Erie R. R., 665^ mis. from Ro- chester and 317% mis. from N. Y. Avoca, p. V. in Iowa co.. Wis., on the Milwau- kee & St. Paul R. R., 49 mis. W. by N. of Madi- son and 49 mis. E. of Prairie du Chien. Avoca, V. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis. Avola, p. o. in Vernon co., Mo. Avon, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop., 987. Avon, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Haven & Northampton R. R., 37 mis. from New Haven and 24 mis. from Westfleld. Avon, tn. in Lake co.. 111. Pop., 1,005. Avon, tn. in Fulton co.. 111. Avon, p. V. in the above tn. Lies on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy B. B., 20 mis. from Gales- burg. 7 Avon, V. in Kane co.. 111., 48 mis. W. of Chicago. Avon, 1). o. in Hendricks co., Ind. Avon, tn. in Coffey co., Kans. Pop., 905. Avon, p. o. in the above tn. Avon, tn. in Franklin co., Me. Pop., 610. Avon, p. o. in the above tn., on Sandy R., N. W. of Augusta. Avon, tn. in Oakland CO., Mich. Pop., 1,850. Avon, V. in Dodge co., M:inn., 25 mis. W. by N. of Rochester. Avon, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 211. Avon, p. o. in St. Genevieve co.. Mo., about 16 mis. from the Mississippi R, Avon, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop., 3,033. *Avon, p. V. in the above tn. Lies on the right bank of the Genesee R. and the Rochester Branch ot the Erie R. R., liM mis. from Rochester and 3661^ mis. from N. Y"". In the vicinity are famous mineral springs, which are much resorted toby persons afflicted with rheumatism and cutaneous diseases. They contain sulphur and various salts. Avon is beautifully situated on higli ground, com- manding extensive views. Pop., 900. Avon, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio Pop., 1,924. Avon, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. E, of Elyria. Avon, p. o. in Lebanon co.. Pa. Avon, tn. in Rock co.. Wis. Pop., 886. Avon Centre, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. of Brodhead. *Avondale, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Baltimore Central R. R., 72 mis. from Baltimore and 40^ mis. from Phila- delphia. Avon liake, p. o. in Lorain co., Ohio. Avon Station, p. v. in Polk co., Iowa, on the Des Moines R., 10 mis. below Des Moines. Avonia, tn. in Osage Co., Kans. Pop., 588. Avonia, p. o. in Erie co.. Pa. Avoyelles, parish in La., central part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 12,926 ; in 1860, 13,167, It is traversed by the Red R., which also forms the S. boundarj'. The surface is low and level, including a part of the Mississippi Delta ; which is subject to periodical inundations. The E. part of the parish has a rich alluvial soil; the W. consists of sandy and moderately productive prairies. Marksville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Cotton, 10,139 bales ; sugar, 325 hhds.; Intlian-corn, 175,330 bush.; Irish pot's, 770 bush.; sweet pot's, 24,985 bush.; rice, 78,385 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,525,955. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,148,874. Value of manufactures, $70,390. Axley, tn. in Johnson co., 111. Pop., 1,199. Axtell, p. o. in Marshall co., Kans. Aydelott, p. o. in Benton co., Ind. *Ayer, p. o. in Middlesex co., Mass. Ayer's Hill, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. Ayer's Village, p. o. in Essex co., Mass. Ayersville, p. o. in Putnam co.. Mo. Ayersville, p. o. in Stokes co., N. C. Ayersville, p. v. in Defiance co., Ohio, 5 mis* S. W. of Defiance. Ayletts, p. V. in King William co., Va., on the Mattapony R., about 25 mis. N. E. of Bicli- mond. Ayr, tn. in Fulton co.. Pa. Pop., 1,247. Ayr, p. o. in Goodhue co., Minn. Azalia, p. v. in Baitholomew co., Ind., lies on the E. fork of White R., 51 mis. 8. S. E. of Indi- anapolis, and 9 mis. S., of Columbus. Aztalan, tn. in Jefferson co. Wis. Pop., 1,261. Aztalan, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mla. N. W. ol Jefferson, the co. seat. BABCOCK HILL. BAKER. B. Ba1>cocb HIII, p. o. in Oneida CO., N. Y. Babylon, p. o. in Hampsliire co., Mass. Babylon, p.v. in Suffolkco., N. Y., on the Soutla Side R. 11., 6 mis. E. of Seaford and 35 mis. E. of Brooklyn, in a farming district. One news- paper. Bacchns, p. o. in Hoplcins CO., Texas. Bachelor's Hall, p. o. in Pittsylvania co., Va. Bachelor's Retreat, p. o. in Oconee district, s. c. Bach Orove, p. o. in "Wright co., Iowa. Bachnian, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ohio. Bachniau's Klills, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Bachnianville, i). o- in Dauphin co.. Pa. Back Creek, tn. in Frederick co., Va. Pop., 1,81)5. Back Creek Valley, p. o. in the above tn. Bacon, tn. in Vernon co., Mo. Pop., 813. Bacon, p. o. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Bacon, tir. in Charlotte co., Va. Pop , 3,683. Bacon Creek, p. o. in Hart co., Ky., on the Memphis & Louisville 11. R., 0(5 mis. from Louisville. Bacon Hill, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., S}4 mis. from South Wilton. Bacon's Castle, p. o. in Surry co., Va. Baconton, p. o. in jSIitchell Co., Ga. Bad Axe, p. o. in Huron co., Mich. Bad Axe, v. in Vernon co.. Wis., at the mouth of Bad Axe R., and on the Mississippi R., 28 mis. S. of La Crosse. Baden, v. in Keokuk co., Iowa, 6 mis. E. of Sigourney. Baden, p. v. in St. Louis co., Mo., near the Mississippi R., and on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R., 6 mis. N. W. of St. Louis. Baden, p. o. in Gage co., Nebr. Baden, p. v. in Beaver co.. Pa., on the Pitts- burgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 21 mis. from Pittsburgh. Baden Baden, p. o. in Bond co., 111. Baders, p. o. in Schuyler co., 111. Badg'er, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 437. Badger, p. v. in Portage co., Wis., 17 mis. E. of Grand Rapids. Badg'er Creek, p. o. in Lyon co., Kans. Badg'er Hill, p. o. in Tama co., Iowa. Badito, p. V. and the co. seat of Huei-fano co., Colo., oil the Huerfano R., and 85 mis. S. of Canyon City. Bad itiver, p. v. in Gratiot co., Mich., 13 mis. E. of Ithaca. Bad River, tributary of the Shiawassee R.,in Saginaw co., Mich. Bag'dad, p. v. in Shelby CO., Ky., on the Louis- villo, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., 13 mis. W. N. W. of Frankfort. Bag'dad, p. o. in Smith CO., Tenn. Bag'dad, p. v. in Williamson co., Texas, 12 mis. from Georgetown. BajfKettsville, p. o. in Robertson co., Tenn. Bahaia, p. v. in Copiah co.. Miss., near Beaure- gartl. on the New Orleans, Mississippi & Great Northern R. R. Bahaia Creek, tributai'y of the Pearl R., in I^awrence CO., Miss. Bailey, p. o. in Muskegan co., Mich. Bailey, p. o. in Shelby co., Tenn. Bailey Hollow, v. in Luzerne co.. Pa., on the Del.aware & Lackawanna R. R., 11 mis. N. of Scranton. Bailey's Creek, p. o. in Osage co., M. Bailey's Harbor, tn. in Door co., Wis. Pop., 297. Bailey's Harbor, p. v. in the above tn., on Green B.. nearly opposite Menomonee, Mioii. Bailey's Mill, p. o. in Jefferson co., Fla. Bailey's Mills, p. o. in Camden co., Ga. Bailey's Mills, p. o. in Belmont co., phio. Bailey's Store, p. o. in Shelby co., Ky. Baileysville, p. o. in Wyoming co., W. Va. Baileyville, p. v. in Ogle co., ill., on the Il!i- nois Central R. R., 57 mis. S. E. of Galena. Bailey Tille, tn. in Washington co., Me. Pop. , 377. Baileyville, p. o. in the above tn. *Bainbrld^e, p. v. and the co. seat of Decatur CO., Ga. ; is the terminus of the Atlantic & Gulf R. R., 23(> mis. from Savannah, and lies on Flint R. Pop., 1,531. It has much trade and two newspapers. Bainbridge, p. o. in Williamson co., 111. Bainbridge, tn. in Schuyler co., 111. Pop., 1,200. Bainbridgc, tn. in Dubois co., Ind. Pop., 2,521. ^Bainbridge, p. v. in Putnam co., Ind., on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R., 9 mis. N. of Greencastle. Bainbridg'e, p. v. in Christian co., Ky., 8 mis. N. W. of HopkinsviUe, the co. seat. Bainbridg'e, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., 1,.337. Bainbrldge, p, v. in the above tn., 6 mis. E. of Benton Harbor. Bainbridge, p. o. in Clinton co.. Mo. Bainbridge, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 1,793. Bainbridge, p. v. in the above tn., on the Al- bany & Susquehanna R. R., .34 mis. N. E. of Binghamton. Pop., 681. Two newspapei's. ^Bainbridge, p. v. in Ross co., Ohio, on Paint Cr., 19 mis. S. W. of Chillicothe. Bainbridge, tn. in Geauga co., Ohio. Pop., 660. Bainbridge, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., on the Columbia Branch of the Pennsylvania Cen- tral R R., 23 mis. from Harrisburg. Balrdstoivn, p. v. in Oglethrope co., Ga., on the Athens Branch of the Georgia R. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Union Point. Bairdstown, p. o. in Sullivan CO., Mo. Bairdstown, v. in Westmoreland co., Pa., 4 nils W. of Blairsville. Baiting Hollow, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., near Long Island Sound and 6^ mis. N. W. of Riverhead. Baker, co. in Ala., central part. Area, about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 6,194. The entire eastern boundary is formed by the Coosa R. Big Mulberry Cr., a tributary of the Alabama R., drains the western part of the co. The sur- face is undulating and the soil productive. Chestnut Creek is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 11,728 bush.; rye, 99 bush. ; Indian-corn, 131,311 bush. : oats, 6,238 bush. ; Irish pot's, 425 bush.; sweet pot's, 29,« 571 bush. ; cotton, 1,360 bales : butter, 46,293 lbs. Cash value of farms, $284,378. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, ineluduig additions to stock, etc., $349,587. Value of manufactures, $73,181. Baker, co in Fla., N. part. Ai-ea about 570 sq. mis. Pop., 1,325. It borders in tlie N. on the North Fork of the St. Mary's R., which separates it from Ga., and receives 1 he South Fork, Cedar Cr. and West Fork. The Oke- flnokee Swamp extends into the northern part of the co. The surface is throughout low and level ; the soil sai^dy. The Tallahassee, BAKER. 99 BALDWINSVILLE. Peninsula & Georgia R. R. passes tlirougli the the CO, from E. to W. Sanderson is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Oats, 1,715 bush. ; Indian-corn, 10,403 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,150 bush. ; cotton, 2,190 bales ; rice, 72 lbs. ; butter, 1,050 lbs. Cash value of farms, $37,640. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $;j0,354. V'alue ot manufactures, $3,400. Baker, co in Ga., S. W. part. Area about 400 sq.mls. Pop., 6 843; in 18i!0, 4,985. The Flint R, foruvs the S. E. boundary, and receives the Ichawaynochaway Or., with Kiokec Cr. and other small affluents. The surface is low and mostlj^ level ; tlie soil very productive. Xew- ton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: I'ldian-corn, 153,980 bush. ; oats, 595 bush. ; sweet pofs, 5,<;s4 bush.; cotton, 5,55!5 bales. Cash value of farms, $424,058. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stoelc, etc., $oU7,723. Value of manufactures, $185,375. Baker, co. in Oreg., forms the S. E. corner of the state. Area about 7,200 sq. mis. Pop., 2,804. The Snake R. washes the X. part of the eastern boundary, and receives the Malheur R , which forms the northern. The Owyhee R., a tributary of the Snake, intersects the co. and receives iiearney's K. and Antelope Cr. The CO. consists chiefly of high and broken table-lands, sage plains and deserts. The cli- mate is very dry, and only such parts as can be irrigatetl are lit for cultivation. Baker City is the CO seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,306 bush.; Indian-corn, 15 bush.; oats, 37,476 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,377 bush. ; butter, 17,615 lbs.; wool, 2,775 lbs.; hay, 1,944 tons. Cash value of farms, $73,580. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $84,616. Value of manu- factures, $154,055. Baker, tn, in Martin co., Ind. Pop., 1,018. Baker, tn. in M^^e §',0(31' bush.; indian-corn, ^77-759 bush. ; oat^ 28,'2-23 hush. ; Irish pot's, l*..'^^.,^""}!- ' !T,ut i->ot's 17'»0bush. ; tobacco, •2,863,455 Ibb., but- ler 97 914 lbs ; hav, 745 tons. Cash va ue of fM^rn^ *1537 48-2 Total, estimated, value ol nU ^u-m ifroductions, including additions to ttock,ftc!,$l,3l!535. 'Value of manulactures, Ballard, p. o. in Smith co., Ka^^. , „ Ballard's Falls, p. o. m Washington co., BaiVard Vale, p. v in Essex co Mass.; ^s a station on the Boston & Maine R. R., 21 mis. from Boston. ivroca rm the 1 Ballardsville, V. i".Essex co^^Mass on tue Boston & Maine B. R., 21 nils. Is. ot Boston. Ball Camp, p. o. in Knox co., Tenn. Ball €rceU, p. o. in Kent CO., Mien. Ballcna, p. o.in San IJicgo co., Cal. Ballibay, p. o. in Bradtord co., la. Ball Play, p. o. in IMonroe co., Tenn. Ball-s V«mA, p. o. in Fairfield CO Conn. Ballston, tn. in Saratoga co., N. 1 -..nd^the co *Ballston, p. v. "^ the above tn. and the^co seat, on the Rensselaer & faiatoga K. K. b mis. S. of Saratoga and 20 mis. >. W. ot iio. , has well known mineral sprmgs. Pop., 2,Ji nnd snires. The Battle Monument w?x's ei-^ctecHo the memory of the aefendei^ «f the cftvn 1814. Wells and McComas Monu- ^Pnt erected in their honor for the part ?^ten bv them in the battle of North Point, ^m.?ember 12 1814. The Wildey 3Ionument, elected in honor of th.^ founder of the order of Odd Fel ows in the United States, consists of a pediment and a plain shaft surmounted by the statue of Thomas Wildey. i-.,itiTiiorestreet, running L. and w.,uiviaL3 th^c^t\ into two nearly eciual parts, and is the S A ,.,-^ .iVi.'thnrouo-htare, containing numer- ^sXS^ ^^aKl^s ina jobbi,^ hou^^ The ii?incipal public buildings are: The y^eha "e an elegant structure with Ionic Pommns of Italian marble; the City Hall, m eoiise of construction, and to be s^irmounted bvi dome 222 feet high; the Court House, with ^ ti?!?. iiil-isters and a dome ; the new U. b. ICrt liouse ; the Maryland Institute, con- SiV the Center Market and an imnien^^e 1 ,Vi "wi f -et lou'-, the Penitentiary, compris- f "tluee^byldlrlgs, standing in a lot ot tour nm-A of <-round, which is surrounded by a masfive waU ; the Corn and Flour Exchange. '^'VVJelttis^i^hln^^^^^^^^^ R^man'c^iholie Cathedral Is surnio>inted b^ a dome and several towers, and boasts one oi t\e finest or^^^-sm the country St.^^Vin^^^^^^^^ I t^u\es." Gi^ceChu?ch"iI" fine Gothic struc BALTIMORE. 101 BANDERA. tare, witli a lofty tower. St. Paul is built in the Norman style, and Emanuel Church of gray sandstone. Mt. Vernon Place M. E. Church is built of sprpeutine stone with col- ored stone copings. The Baptist Church, cor- ner of Dolphin and Entaw streets, is built of Maryland marble. The First Presbyterian Church, corner Madison and Park streets, is buflt of brown stone, and is an elegant speci- men of architecture. The wealthy Israelites of the city have erected the imposing Loyd Street Synagogue. The largest park of the city Is Druid Hill Park, ■embracing 650 acres in the northern suburbs. It is a sylvan retreat, with stately trees,beauti- ful shrubbery, shady walks and secluded rides and drives. A fine iirospect over the city and tlie bay is had from the tower standing at the head of Druid Lake. Lafayette Square and Harlem Square are in the northern part of the city. Union Square is at the head of "West Lombard street, and Patterson Park, about 70 acres large, on East Baltimore street. Greenmount Cemetery, IJ^ mis. from Bat- tle Monument, and London Park Cemetery, about 2 mis. from the citj', have beautiful grounds and many costly artistic monuments, and are well worth a visit. The charitable institutions are the following: The Maryland Hospital, for the insane, in the eastern part of the city ; Mount Hope Hos- pital, under the management of the Sisters of Charity ; the Baltimore Infirmary ; the Aged Wido^v's Home ; the Alms house ; two Orphan Asylums, and the House of Refuge, for juvenile delinquents. The city was founded in 1729, and received its name in 1745, in honor of Lord Baltimore. In 1780 it becamea port of entry. In 1850ithad 169,0.54 inhabitants ; in 1860, 212,418, and in 1870, 267,354 ; making it the sixth largest city in the Union. The number of families was 49,929, and the number of dwellings 40,350. In the various branches of industry 94,737 persons were occupied, including 1.3,880 domestic ser- vants ; 12,289 laborers ; 2,.507 launderers and laundresses ; 1,074 governnaent employees ; 438 physicians and surgeons ; 342 lawvei-s ; 304 Clergymen, and 800 teachers. The number of agriculturists was 735; of men engaged in trade and transpoi-tation, 23,214, and manufac- tures and mechanics, 35,538. The last iiumber includes 1,047 blacksmiths ; 2,907 boot and shoe-makers; 96 brewers; 1,746 masons and stone-cutters ; 762 butchers, 921 cabinet-mak- ers ; 312 carriage-makers ; 3,1G0 carpenters ; 1,039 cigar-makers and tobacco-workers; 927 coopers; 164 cotton and woolen mill opera- tives ; 238 tanners and leather finishers ; 126 fishermen ; 281 harness and saddle-makers ; 1,213 iron and steel workers ; 671 machinists ; 1,539 milliners and dress-makers ; 1,335 paint- ers and varnishers ; 431 plasterers ; 363 pluinb- ers and gas-fitters ; 577 printers ; 780 ship-rig- ?ers, calkers, carpenters and smiths ; 4,562 ailors and seamstresses, and 1,009 tinners. Baltimore has numerous manufactories, and nearly all the products of the county (see CO.) are made in the city. Iron foundries, steel works, leather tanneries, tobacco manu- factories, locomotive and machine works, cotton and woolen mills, carriage and wagon shops, are the most important establishments. In regard to foreign commerce, Baltimore ranks among the first cities of the Union. It imported in 1871 foreign goods to the amount of $24,672,871, and exported domestic goods to the amount of $15,037 85.5. New York and Bos- ton alone surpass it in importation, and the following seven cities in exportation: New York, Boston, New Orleans, Mobile, Philadel- phia, Savannah and San Francisco. In the year ended June 30, 1871, 832 vessels, with 315 - <34 tons, arrived from, and 686 vessels, with 194,880 tons, cleared for foreign countries. During the same year the total number of registered vessels was 96 ; of enrolled vessels, 1,128, and of licensed vessels, 186, making a total of 1,410 vessels, with 128,628 tons. Of these there were 796 sailing vessels ; 98 steamers, and 516 canal boats. The educational establishments of Balti- more are of the highest order, and compare favoi-ably with those of any other city in the country. The number of children between the ages of 5 and 20, in 1871, was estimated at 75,000. Of these 34,169 were enrolled in the public schools, but the average attendance was only 19,279. The city had 75 primary schools, 37 grammar schools, 3 high schools, 6 evening schools, and one normal school for the training of teachers. Among the higher institutions may be mentioned the Notre Dame Institute, Loyola College, St. Mary's College, the Theological Seminary of St. Sul- pice (all Roman Catiiolic), the Ba'ltimore Fe- male College, the Maryland College of Phar- macy, and the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. The University of Maryland is at the corner of Green and Lombard streets, and includes a medical department, which was founded in 1807. The Athenaeum, at the cor- ner of Saratoga and St. Paul streets, is occu- pied conjointly by the Mercantile Library Association (26,000 volumes), the Baltimore Library (1.5,000 volumes), and the Maryland Historical Society. The Peabody Institute, founded by Geo. Peabody, is designed for literary and scientific purposes, and has already a well-selected library of 47,000 vol- umes, to which additions of from 3,000 to 4,000 volumes are made annually. The splendid eharitips recently left the city by the late John Hopkins, to found Hospital, Sciiool, Park, etc., amounted to .$7,000,000— the most munificent gift ever made to an American city. There are thirty-three papers published in the city, of whicli the following are the prin- cipal dailies and weeklies : " Sun," " German Correspondent," " American and Commercial Advertiser," "Gazette," " Wecker," "News," "Weekly," "Bulletin," "Saturday Night," " Sunday Telegram," "Episcopal Methodist," "Good News," etc. The city is well provided with places of amusement. Holiday Street Theatre, burned 1873, is now rebuilt, in an enlarged and im- proved form. Ford's Grand Opera House was opened 1871. The Academy of Music, recently built, is one of the largest in the country. Front Street Theatre Comique is devoted to comedy. Baltimore, tn. in Sussex CO., Del. Pop., 3,380. Baltimore, tn. in Henry co., Iowa. Poj>., 1,114, Baltimore, tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop., 1,155. Baltimore, p. o. in the above tn. Baltimore, p. v. in Faii-field co., Ohio, on the O. & E. Canal 9mls. from Lancaster the co. seat. Baltimore, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., S3. Bamberg-, p. o. in Barnwell district, S. C., on the South Carolina R. R. Bancroft, tn. in Aroostook CO., Me. Pop., 177. Bancroft, p. o. in the above tn. Bancroft, p. o. in Berkshire co., Mass. Bancroft, tn. in i'reebornco., Minn. Pop., 799. Bancroft, p. o. in the above tn. Bancroft, p. o. in Daviess co., Mo. Bandera, co. in Tex., S. \V. part. Area about 1.000 sq. mis. Pop., 649 ; in 1860, 399. The sur- face is hilly, and the N. W. part is traversed by a range of mountains. The Medina R. flowa through the E. part ; the Rio Hondo, and its tributaries, Seco Cr. and Sabinal Cr., rise in the middle part, while the Rio Frio rises in the W. part. Bandera is the co. seat. Agr productions in 1870: Rye, 394 bush.; Indian corn, 15,673 bush. ; oats, .50 bush.; Irish jjot's, 20 bush.; sweet pot's, 716 bush.; butter, 9,095 lbs.; hay, 84 tons. Cash value of farms, $21,250. Total, estimated, value of all farm produce BANDERA. 102 BARBOUR. tions, including additions to stock, etc., $22,057. Value of manufactures, $164,457. Bandera, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on the Medina K., and 43 mis, N. W. of San Antonio. Bandy ville, p. o. in Oregon co., Mo. Bang-all, p. o. in Dutchess CO., N. Y. Bang'O, tn. in Elkliart CO., Ind. Bang-or, p. o. in Blount Co., Ala. Bang'or, p. o. in Butte CO., Cal. Bangor, tn. in Marshall co., Iowa. Pop., 838. . Bangur, p. v. in the ahove tn., 10 nils, from Cellar Cross Roads. Bangor, p. o. in Coffee co., Kans. Bang-or, p. o. in Morgan Co., Ky. *Bangor, city and co. seat of Penobscot co., Me.; is the connecting point of the Maine Central K. R. and the European & North American R. R. It lies on the W. bank of the Penobscot R., and is 135 mis. from Port- land by railroad. The river atfords abundant water-power, which is utilized in mills and manufactories. Tlie principal business is the lumber trade ; immense quantities of pine, cedar, hemlock and sjiruce trees, are cut in the region drained hy the Penobscot, and the lumber is either exported from Bangor or used for ship buiUling. The coastwise trade and foreign commerce of Bangor is considerable. In 1871 it had '227 sailing vessels, with 37,142 tons, and five steamboats with 007 tons. It is a handsome city, with many line public and private buildings. Steambciat lines connect Bangor witli Portland and Boston. Pop., 18,- 289 ; in 1860, 16,407 ; in 1850, 14,432. Four news- papers. Bangor, tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop , 3,606. Bangor, tn, in Van Buren co., Mich. Pop., 1,525. Bangor, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chicago & Michigan Lake Shore R. R., 3 mis. S. of Breedsville, and 27 mis. from St. Joseph ; is a thriving agricultural village. Pop., about 1,000. Bangor, tn. in Franklin co., K. Y. Pop., 2,431. Bangor, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ogdens- buig & Lake Champlain R. R., 55 mis. from Ogdcnsburg. Bangor, p. v. in Northampton co., Pa., 9 mis. from Columbia. Bangror, tn. in La Crosse co., Wis. Pop., 1,151. ^Bangor, p. v. in the above tn., on the La Cro-sse Division of the Milwaukee <& St. Paul R. K., 15 mis. from La Crosse ; is a flourishing agricultural village. Banister, tn. in Halifax CO., Va. Pop., 3,734. Banister Kiver, tributary of the Dan R., in Pittsylvania and Halifax cos , Va.; has a south- easterly course. Bankers, p. o. in Hillsdale CO., Mich. Bank Liek, p. o. in Kenton co., Ky., on the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., 14 mis. S. of Covington. Banks, co. in Ga., N. E. part. Area about 130 sq. mis. Pop., 4,1)73 ; in 1860, 4,707. The surface is hilly, ami in the N. part, where the Chatta- hoochie Ridge bounds the CO., mountainous and elevated. Tlie co. is drained by the head streams of Broad R., a tributary of tlie Savan- nah. The Athens branch of the Georgia R. R, will pass through the co. from S. to N. Homer is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 11,314 bush. ; rye, 288 bush. ; Indian- corn, 114,167 bush.; oats, 11,069 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,474 bush. ; sweet pots, 12,263 bush. ; cotton, 393 bales ; butter, 22,372 lbs. Cash value of farms, $297,816. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $240,611. Value of manu- factures, $28,355. Banks, tn. in l^iyette CO., Iowa. Pop., 223. Banks, tn. in Antrim co., Mich. Pop., 504. Banks, j). o. in Bay co., Mich. Banks, p. o. in Fairibault co., Minn. Banks, p. o. in Wake co., N. C. Banks, tn. in Carbon co., Pa. Pop., 3,982. Banks, tn. in Indiana Co., Pa. Pop., 747. Banks, tn. in Upsheer co., W. Va. Pop., 1,272. Bankston, p. v. in Saline co.. 111., 3 nils. S, W. of Uarrisburg. Bankston, p. o. in Dubuque CO., Iowa. Bankston, p. o. in Choctaw co., Miss. Banksville, p. o. in Fairiield CO., Conn. Banksville, p. o. m Banks CO., Ga. -^Bannack City, p. v. and co. seat of Beaver Head CO., Hon., on the .lefferson Fork of the Missouri R., near the eastern base of tho liocky Mts. Rich gold and silver mines are in the vicinity. It is reached by the over- land route from Corinne, Utah, on the Unioa Pacific R. R. Pop., 381. Banner, tn. in Fulton co.. 111. Pop,, 1,104. Banner, p. o. in .Jackson co., Kans. Banner, j). o. in Calhoun co., iVIiss. Banner, j). o. in Fond du Lac co., Wis, Bannerville, p. v. in Snyder co.. Pa., 18 mis. W. of Middleburg. Bannister, tn. in Pittsylvania co., Va. Pop. Banquete, p. o. in Nueces co., Texas. Banta, p. v. in San Joaquin co., Cal.^ on the San Joaquin R. and the Central Paeihc R. R., 75 mis. from San Francisco. Bantam, p. v. in Clermont CO., Ohio, 6 mis. S. of Batavia. Bantam Falls, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., 9 mis. from Litchlield Station. Banyan, tn. in Jefferson co., Ark. Pop., 615. Baptlstown, p. v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., 3 mis. E. of Frenchtowu on the Belvidere & Delaware R. R. Baptist Valley, p. o. in Tazewell co., Va. Baraboo, tn. in Sauk co.. Wis. Pop., 2,758. "^Baraboo, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Baraboo R., 25 mis. by Chicago & Northwestern R. R. N. W. of Madison It is the center of trade for a farming district. One newspaper. Pop., 1,528. Baraboo River, tributary of the Wisconsin R.; rises inJMonroeco., Wis.; intersects Juneau and Sauk cos., and joins the Wisconsin R. in Columbia co., 5 mis below Portage City. Its general course is south-easterly. Baraga, tn. in Houghton co., Mich. Pop., 160. Baraga, p. o. in the above tn. Barber, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Pop., 561. Barber, p. o. in the above tn. Barber, p. o. in Iowa co.. Wis. Barber's Creek, p. o. in Jackson co., Ga. Barber's Mills, p. o. in Wells co., Ind. Barbcrsville or Barboursville, p. v. in Jett'erson co., Ind., 15 mis. N. N. E. of Madi- son. It lies on Indian Creek. Barbour, co. in Ala., S. E. part. Area about 920 S(i. mis. Pop., 29,309 ; in 1860, 30,812. It is bounded on the K. by the Chattahoochie R., which separates it from Georgia, and on the W. by Pea R., a branch of the Choctawhatchce, which rises in the co., and drains the southern part. The northern part is drained by the three forks of the Cowiekee R., which empties into the Chattahoochie. The surface is gener- ally low and level, diversified in several places by sandy ridges. Clayton is the co. seat. Agr, productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 364,304 bush.; oats, 3,(118 bush.; Irish pot's, 15 bush.; sweet pot'.s, 42,734 bush. ; cotton, 17,011 bales ; butter, oOO lbs. Cash value of farms, $2,374,493. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $3,1S6,725, Value of manufactures, $780,103. Barbour, co. in W. Va., N. E.part. Area 323 s(j. mis. Pop., 10,312 ; in 1860,8.958. The surface is hilly, ami toward the E. mountainous. The Laurel Mt. forms the E. boundary. Ty- garts Valley R., an afllucnt of the Mononga- hela, intersects the co. from S. to N., and re- ceives from the S. W. the Buchanan R., and from the E. Laurel Cr., Telers Cr., Cove Cr., and Sandy Cr. ; the sources of the Elk R. dram BARBOIIK'S MILL. 103 BARNSTABLE. the western part. Philippa is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "Waicat, 4-2,305 busli. ; rye, 3,9oo bush. ; Indian-corn, 173,105 hush. ; oats, 43,.3f;7 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,526 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,50-2 bush. ; butter, 157,317 lbs. ; hay, 10,803 tons. Casli value of farms, $3,226,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $661,- 062. VaUie of manufactures, $139,125. Barbonr's Mills, p. o. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Barbonrsville, p. v. and co. seat of Knox co., Ky., oil the Cumberland R., and 43 mis. S. E. of Mt. Vernon on the Knoxville branch of the Louisville & Nashville R. R. Pop., 438. Barboursvilie, tn. in CabeUco., W. Va. Pop., 1,2-28. BarbonrsTille, v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Gyandotte R., 7 nils. E. S. E. of Gyaiidotte, at'tlie junction of the Ohio & Gy- andotte Rs. Pop., 371. The p. o. is Cabell Court House. Barbonrville, p. o in Delaware co., N. Y. Barclay, p. o. iir Sangamon co.. 111. Barclay, tn. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Pop., 861. Barclay, p. o. in the above tn. Barclay, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., on a R. R. branch, lO'^ mis. S. W. of Towa»da. Barclaysville, p. o. in Harnett co. N. C. Barclolph, p. v. in McDonough co.. 111., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 33 mis. from Galesburg and 66 mis. from Quincy. *Barake, p. o. in F.aribault co., Minn. Bass station, p. o. in .Jackson co , Ala. Bas!^ Wood, p. o. in Richland co.. Wis. Bastinville, p. o. in Hickman co., Tenn. Bass Biver, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 807. Bastrop, co. in Texas, central part. Area, about 720 sq. mis. Pop., l->,290 ; in 1860, 7,O0G. It has an undulating surface, and consists chiefly of rolling prairies. The soil is fer- tile. The Colorado R. intersects the co. from N. W. to S. E. Bastrop is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Rye, 9 bush. ; Indian- corn, 356,874 bush. ; oats, 40 bush. ; Irish pot's, 130 bush. ; sweet pot's, 710 bush. ; cotton, 8,728 bales. Cash value of farms, $1,387,99.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $658,725. Value of manufactures, 151,800. Bastrop, p. v. and the co. seat of Morehouse parish. La., 21 mis. N. of Girard on the Vicks- burg, Shroveport & Texas R. R., and 62 mis. N. "W. of Vicksburg, Miss. ; is surrounded by a cotton district. One newspaper. Pop., 521. Bastrop, p. v. and co. seat of Bastrop co., Texas, on the Colorado R., and 26 mis. S. E. ot Austin. Pop., 1,199. One newspaper. Bastross, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 251. Bastross, p. o. in the above tn. Batavia, p. o. in Solano co., Cal. Batavia, v. in JeflFerson co., Iowa, on the Bui'- lington & Missouri River R. R., 02 mis. "W. of Burlington. Batavia, tn. in Kane co , 111. Pop., 3,018. *Batavia, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chi- cago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 9 mis. from Auroi'a andS mis from Galena Junction; has numerous manufactories, and in the vicmity are large stone quarries. One newspaper. Batavia, tn. in Branch co., Mich. Fop., 1,308. Batavia, p. o. in the above tn. Batavia, tn. in Genesee co., N. Y. Pop., 6,485. *Batavia, p. v. in the above tn. and the co, seat, on the Central R. R., 32 mis. W. of Ro- chester and 361.^ mis. E. of Buffalo ; a beauti- ful town, with wide and well-shaded streets. The State Institution for the Blind, which has lately been erected here, is one of the finest buildings of its kind in our country. It is the centre of trade for a rich farming region. 12 mis. N. "W. of Batavia are the Oak Orchard Acid Springs. Pop., 3,890. Three newspapers. *Batavia, p. v. and co. seat of Clermont co., Ohio, on the Little Miami R., 21 mis. E. ot Cincinnati, and 11 mis. from Milforil ; is surrounded by a rich farming district, and has m.anufactories. Pop., 827. Two news- papers. BatcUellerville, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., on the Sacondaga R., 5 mis. N. of Northamp- ton. Pop., 216. Batchelor's Rest, p. o. in Pendleton co., Ky. Batehaon, p. o. in Sullivan, CO., Ind., 9 mis. E. of Siillivan, the co. seat. Bates, CO. in Mo., W. part. Area 828 sq. mis. Pop., 1.5,960 ; in 1860, 6,733. It borders on Kansas in the W. The surface is rolling and consists mostly of prairies. Timber grows along the water-courses. The soil is productive. The Mai'ais des Cygnes or O.sage R., intersects the southern part of the co. from W. to E. and receives the Miama R. The northern part is drained by the Grand R., a tributary of the Osage. Butler is tlie co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 104,533 bush.; rye, 2,916 bu.sh.; Indian-corn, 910,266 bush.; oats, 168,621 bush.; Irish pot's, 47,118 bush.; sweet pot's, 809 bush.; tobacco, 21,199 lbs.; butter, 193,836 )b.«.; hay, 1,098 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,022,564. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,201,717. Value of manufactures, $226,- 894. Bates, tn. In Crawford co.. Ark. Pop., 212. Bates, tn. in Sebastian co.. Ark. Pop., 623. Bates, p. V. in Sangamon co.. 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 9 mis. W. of Spring, field. Bates' Mills, p. o. in Lee co., Va. *Batesville, p. v. and the co. seat of Inde- pendence CO., Ark , on the White R., and 23 mis. N. W. of Jacksonport. Pop., 881. The surrounding country is very productive and well cultivated, producing cotton, tobacco^ corn, wheat and oats. Two newspapers. Batesville, p. v. in Ripley co. Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & Lafayette R. R., 29 mis. from Lawrenceburg and 14 mis. from Greensburg. Batesville^ p. v. in Panola co.. Miss., on the Mississippi & Tennessee R. R., 59 mis. from Memphis. Batesville, p. v. in Noble co., Ohio, 4 mis. S. of Spencer Station on Central Ohio R. R. Batesville, p. v. in Spartanburg District, S.C., on the Spartanburg & Union R. R. Batesville, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Bath, CO. in Ky., N. E. part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 10,145 ; in 1860, 12,113. It is bounded on the N. E. by Licking R., an afllu- ent of the Ohio, and drained by Beaver Cr., State Cr., and Flat Cr. The surface is beauti- fully diversified with hills and plains. The soil is productive. Owingsville is the co seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 4(i,l]3 bush. ; rye, 23,092 bush. ; Indian-corn, 860,631 bush. ; oats, 108,945 bush. ; Irish pot's, 21,318 bush. ; sweet pot's, 1,152 bush.; butter, 266,546 lbs.; liay, 2,175 tons. Cash value of farms, .$^5,199,829. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 120,340. Value of manufactures, $18,884. Bath, CO. in Va., W. part. Area, al)Out 730 sq. mis. Pop., 3,795 ; in 1860, 3,676. It is bounded on the W. by the Alleghany Mts. ; on the E. by the Mill Mts. ; while the'Warm Spring Mt. and the .Jackson River Mt. form a chain which intersects the co. from S. S. W. to N. N. E., dividing it into two great valleys. The eastern valley is traversed by the Cow Pas- ture R., tlie western by Jackson R. The soil in the valleys is fertile. The mountains are covered with pine forests. Limestone and iron ore are abundant. The Chesapeake & Ohio R. R. intersects the S. E. part of the co. Bath Court House is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wluiat, 30,093 bush. ; rye, 5 531 bush. ; Indian-corn, 49,252 bush. ; oats, 23,5.52 bush. ; Irish pot's, 5,691 bush. ; sweet pot's, 16 bush. ; butter, 3.3,292 lbs. ; hay, 2,790 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,394,274. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $153,906. Value of manufactures, $;19,187. Bath, p. V. in Placer co., Cal., 10 mis. S. E. of Ce, p. o. and the co. seat of Bath CO., Va., 16 mis. from MiUboro. *Batoii Roug'e, city and co. seat of East Baton Rouge parish. La., on the Mississippi R., 130 mis. above New Orleans. It Is built upon a bluff 20 to 30 feet above the river, and con- tains the State Penitentiary, the Baton Rouge College, the College of St. Peter and Paul, under the direction of the Jesuits, and the Convent of the Sacred Heart. Above the city are U. S. barracks. Sugar and cotton are ex- tensively raised in the surrounding county. Pop., 6,4S9. Seven newspapers. Batsto, V. in Burlington CO., N. J., 10 mis. N. of Egg Harbor City. Batsto Biver, in Atlantic CO., N. J.; empties into Little Egg Harbor. Battahatcher River, tributary of the Tom- bigbee, rises in Marion co., Ala., flows through Sanford co., and entermg Mississippi, sepa- rates Loundes co., from Moni'oe co. Batteiikill Kiver rises in Vermont, and flow- ing through Washington co., N. 1'., empties into the Hudson R. Batten's Mills, p. o, in Gilmer co., W. Va. Battenville, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., on the Battenkill R., 7 mis. N. of Cambridge. Battelle, tn. in Lewis co., W. Va. Pop., 2,002. Battelle, tn. in Monongalia co., W". Va. Pop., 1,8-56. ♦Battleborough, p. v. in Edgecomb co., N. C, on the Wilmington & Weldon R. R., 28 mis. from Weldon and 134 mis. from VVilmmgton. One newspaper. Battle Creek, tn. in Tehama co,, Cal. Pop., 199. Battle Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Battle Creek, p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. Battle Creek, the largest tributary of the Kalamazoo R., in Jackson and Calhoun cos., Mich. It has much fall and afl'ords tine water- power. Battle Creek, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 7,026, ♦Battle Creek, citj' in the above tn., on the Michigan Central R. R., 121 mis. from Detroit and 23 mis. from Kalamazoo, and at the junc- tion of Battle Cr. and Kalamazoo R. The surrounding district is a very productive farming region. The city has numerous and increasing manufactories, and is noted for its thrift and beauty. The schools are famous. Pop., 5,838. Seven newspapers. Battle Creek, p. o. in Madison co., Nebr. Battle Creek Mines, p. o. in Marion co., Tenn. Battle Ground, p. v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R, R., 6 mis, N. of Lafayette. Battle Orouud, p. o. in Clarke co.. Wash. Battle I^ake, p. o. in OttertaU co., Minn. Battle Mountain, v. in Humboldt co., Nov., on the Central Pacific R R., 82 mis. W. oi Elko and CO mis. E. of Winnemucca. Battletown, tn. in Clarke co., Va. Pop., 1,884. Battsvllle, p, o. in Carroll co.. Mo. Banff, p. o. in Taney co.. Mo. Bang:bman, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. ,Pop., 2,067. Baug'bman, v. in the above tn., on the Pitts- burgh & Et. Wayne R. R., II mla. W. of Massillon. Bau^h's Station, p. o. in Logan co., Ky. Banmstown, p. v. in Berks co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of Reading. Bavaria, v. in Saline co., Kans,, on the Kansas Pacific R, R,, 9 mis. W. of Salina. Bavington, p. v. in AVashington co.. Pa., 3 nds. ^f. E. of Cardville on the Pitt.sburgh & Cincfnnati R. R. Baxter, p. o. iu Drew co., Ark. Baxter, p. o. in Johnson co.. Ark. Baxter, p. o. in Jasper co., Iowa. *Baxter Si>rings, p. v. in Cherokee Co., Kans., near the Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., 150 mis. from Kansas City. Is the shipping point for Texas cattle, and a thriving place ; situated in a rich district, which is well supplied with timber and water. It has manufactories, and in the vicinity are productive lead mines. Two newspapers. Pop., 1,284. Bay, CO. in Mich. Area, 760 sq. mis. Pop., in 1870, 15,900 ; in 1860, 3,164. It is bounded on the E. by Saginaw B., into which all the rivers empty w'hich drain the co. These are the Saginaw R., whose estuary intersects the S. part ; Cog-a- lane R, Sagnin R., Rifle R., and R. Aux Grais. The surface is level, and mo.stly covered with forests, which yield large quantities of lum- ber. Bay City is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 9,398 bush.; rye, 1,799 bush.; Indian-corn, 8,4.58 bush.; oats, 10,008 bush.; Irish pot's, 26,505 bush.; butter, 65,245 lbs.; hay, 3,.534 tons. Cash value of farms, $688,860. Total, estimated, value of farms, including additions to stock, etc., $178,553. Value of manufactures, $4,368,328. Bay, p. V. in Gasconade co.. Mo., 15 mis. S. W. of Hermann. Bay, tn. in Ottawa co., Ohio. Pop., 509. Bayard, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, on the Cleveland & Pittslnirgh R. R., 69 mis. E. of Cleveland, and 81 mis. W. of Pittsburgh. Bay Branch, p. o. in Emanuel co., Ga. Bay City, p. v. in Pope CO., 111., on the Ohio R., 9 mis. below Golcouda. *Bay City, citv and the co. seat of Bay co., Mich., on the "Flint & Pere Marquette R. R., 13 mis. from East Saginaw, on the Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. R., and on the Saginaw R., 15 mis. below Saginaw. Active lumber trade and lake fishing. Rich salt works iuthe neighborhood. Five newspapers. Bay "City, p. v. in Pierce co., Wis., on the Mis- sissippi R., 13 mis. below Prescott. Bay Creek, p. o. in Gwinnett co., Ga. Bayfield, co., in Wis., N. part. Area about 1,3.50 sq. mis. Pop., 344. It borders on Lake Superior, and includes the Apostle Islands. The surface is elevated and broken, and large tracts of the area are covered with pine forests. The co. is cliiefly drained by rivers emptying into tlie lake, as the Ashland R., and others. In the southern part there are numerous small lakes, from which rise tributaries of the St. Croix and Chippewa Rs. Bayfield is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Irish pot's, 550 bush. ; butter, 50 lbs. ; hay, 15 tons. Cash value of farms, .$1,000. Total, estimated, value of aU farm productions, including additions tv> BAYFIELD. 108 BEAEFIELD. stock, etc., $725. Value of manufactures, $90,000. B»y field, tn. in Bayfield co., Wis. Pop., 344. Bayfield, p. v. in the above tn., and the co. seaf, on Lake Superior, opposite Madeline, one of the Apostle islands ; has an excellent harbor, and is 80 mis. from Ontonagon. Bay Hill, p. o. in Walworth CO., Wis. Bay Hundred, p. o. in Talbot co., Md. Bay Minette, p. o. in Baldwin co., Ala., on the Mobile & Montgomery R. K., 31 mis. from Mobile. Bayiiesville, p. v. in Westmoreland co., Va., 4") ml8. from Fredericksburg. Bayonne, tn. in Hudson CO., N. J. Pop., 3,831. Bayonne, city in the above tn., on the N(;v/ Jersey Central R. R., 1 mle. N. of Bergen Point, and (fmls. E. of Elizaljeth. Two newspapers. Bayou, tn. in Ozark co.. Mo. Pop., 480. Bayou, tn. in Pulaski co., Ark. Pop., .509. Bayou Barbary, p.o. in Livingston parish,La. Bayou Bocuf, p. o. in St. Landry parish. La. Bayou Chicot, p. v. in St. Landry parish, La., oo' mis. from Opelousas. • Bayou Ooula, p. v. in Iberville parish. La., on the Mississippi R., S mis. S. E. of Plaque- mines. Bayou I.abatre, p. o. in Mobile co., Ala. Bayou L.a Chute, p. o. in Caddo parish. La. Bayou l^afourche, see Mississippi R. Bayou Macon, tn. in Chicot co.. Ark. Pop., 753. Bayou Metor, tn. in. Arkansas co., Ark. Pop., 30"u. Bayou Metor, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Bayou Sara, v. in West Baton Rouge parish, on Mississippi R., 40 mis. above Baton Rouge, is the terminus of the West Feliciana, Wood- ville and Bayou Sara R. R. Much cotton is shipped here. Pop., 450. One newspaper. Bayou Tunica, p. o. in West Feliciana parish, La. Bay Port, p. o. in Hernando co., Fla. Bay Port, p. o. in Huron co., Mich. Bay Port, p. o. in SulTolk co., N. Y. Bayport, tn. in AslUand co.. Wis. Pop., 196. Bay Ridg'e, p. o. in Kings co., N. Y. Bay River, p. v. in Pamlico co., N. C, on Pam- lico Sound. Bay Settlement, p. v. in Brown co., Wis., on Green Bay, aboutSmls. from the city of Green Bav. Bay Shore, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the South Side R. R., Long Island, 2% mis. W. of Islip. Pop., l,'-'00. Bay Side, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. Bay's Mountain, a range in E. Tenn., trend- ing S. W. and N. E., dividing the waters en- tering the Holston R. from those entering the Notichucky and French Broad Rs. Bay Spring, p. o. in Henry co., Ala. Bay Springs, p. o. in Tishemingo co., Miss. Baytown, tn. in Washington CO., Minn. Pop., 5t)4. Bay Tiew, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., 3 mis. N. of Northeast, a station on the Philadelphia & Baltimore R. R. Bay "View, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., 5 mis. from Gloucester. Bay. View, p. o. in Northampton CO., Va. Bay view, p. v. in Milwaukee co.. Wis., on the Chicago & North Western R. R., 3 mis. S. of INlilwaukee, and on Lake Michigan. Bay ville, p. o. in Ocean co., N. J. Bazaar, tn. in Chase co., Kansas. Pop., 364. Bazaar, p. o. in the above tn. Bazctta, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 1,240. *^Bazetta, p. v. in the above tn., near the At- lantic & Great Western R. R., 10 mis. N. E. of Warren. Beach, tn. in Lafayette CO., Ark. Pop., 9S4, Beach, tn. in Mower co., IMinn. Pop., 101. Beach City, p o. in Stark co., Ohio. Beach Isle, in. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 9. Beach Haven, p. v. in Luzerne co., Pa., on the Lnclcawanua & Bloomsburgh R. R., 42 mis. from Scriinton. Beach Pond, p. v. in Wayne co., Pa., 4 mis. N. E. of Honesdale. Beach Ridge, p o. in Niagara co., N. Y. Beacon, p. o. in Ogle co.. 111. Beacon, p. o. in Mahaska co., Iowa, at Oska. loosa, on the Des Moines Valley R. R.,24mls. from Otturawa. Beacon Falls, p. v. in New Haven co., Conn., 23 mis. from Bridgeport. It has large shawl mills. Beale, tn. in Juniata co., Pa. Pop., 1,039. Beale Spring, p. o. in Mohave co., Ariz. Bealeton, i^. v. in Fauquier co., Va., on the Orang-:', .\lcxandria & Manassas R. R., 47 mis. from Alexandria. 6eall''s Mills, p. o. in Gilmer co., W. Va. Beallsville, p. v. in Montgomery co., Md., dH ml,^. S. E. of Monocacy. Beallsville, p. v. in Monroe co., Ohio, 8 mis. N. E. of Woodsfield. Beallsville, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., 8J4 nils. W. N. W. of Brownsville on the Monon- guhela R.. Beam's Mills, p. o. in Cleveland co., N. C. Bcamsville, p. o. in Darke co., Ohio. Bean Blossom, p. o. in Brown CO., Ind. Bean Blossom, tn. in Monroe co., Ind. Pop., 1,316. Beau's Corners, p. r. in Franklin CO., Me., 8 mis. S. of Farmmgton. Beans Cove, p. o. in Bedford co.. Pa. Bean's Station, p. v. in Grainger co., Tenn., 4 mis. N. of Morristown on the East Tennes- see R. R. Beantown, p. o. in Charles co., Md. Bear, v. on the Delaware R. R., in Newcastle CO., Del , 12 mis. from AVUmington. Bear, p. o. in Richland co.. Wis. Bear Bay, p. o. in Robeson co., N. C. Bear Branch, p. o. in Ohio co., Ind. Bear Branch, p. o. in Linn co.. Mo. Bear Branch, p. o. in Richmond co., N. C. Bear Branch, p. o. in Wyoming co., W. Va. Bear Camp, p. o. in Carroll CO., N. H. Bear Canyon, p. o. in Douglas CO., Colo. Ter, Bear Creek, tn. in Boone co.. Ark. Pop., 314. Bear Creek, tn. in Phillips oo., Ark. Pop., 170. Bear Creek, tn. in Searcy co., Ark. Pop., 865. Bear Creek, p. o. in Searcy co.. Ark. Bear Creek, tn. in Sevier co.. Ark. Pop., 159. Bear Creek, p. o. in Henry co., Ga. Bear Creek, tn. in Christian co., 111. Pop., 720. Bear Creek, tn. in Hancock co., 111. Pop., 1,117. Bear Creek, tn. in Montgomery co., HI. Pop., l.(i.')0. Bear Creek, tn. in Jay co., Ind. Pop., 1,247. Bear Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Bear Creek, tn. in Powesliiekco., Iowa. Pop., 1,8.52. Bear Creek, p. o. in Bienville parish. La. Bear Creek, tn. in Emmet co., Mich. Pop., 254. Bear Creek, p. o. in Cedar co.. Mo. Bear Creek, tn. in Montgomery co.. Mo. Pop., 2,200. Bear Creek, p. o. Scioto co., Ohio. Bear Creek, tn. in Luzerne co., Pa. Pop., 135. "Bear Creek, tn. in Sauk co., Wis. Pop., 858. Bear CreeU, tn. Waupaca co.. Wis. Pop., 462. Bear Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Beard's Station, p. v. in Oldham Co., Ky., on the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., 18 inls. from Louisville. Beardstown, tn. in Cass cr>.. 111. Pop., .3,582. *Beardstown, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Illinois R., and at thcjunction of the Rock l.sland & St. Louis R R. with the Springfield & Illinois Southeastern R. R., ISO mis. from Rock Island and 45 mis. from Spring- field. Pop., 2,.'j28. It has some manufactories, and two newspapers. Beardstown, p. o. in Perry co., Tenn. Bearfleld, tn. in Perry co., Ohio. Pop,, 901. BEAR GAP. 109 BEAN JtK. Bear Gap, p. o. in Nortbumberland co., Pa. Bear Grove, tn. in Fayette co., 111. Pop., 992. Bear Grove, tn. in Cass co., Iowa. Pop., 163. Bear Grove, tn. in Guthrie co., Iowa. Pop., ■117. Bear Grove, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Casey. Bear Mouse, tn. in Ashley co., Ark. Pop., .5-2o. Bear Isle, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 13. Bear Liake, tn. in Manistee co., Mich. Pop., ■117. Bear Liake, p. v. in the above tn., 23 mis. N. E. of Manistee. Bear Liake, p. v. in Warren co., Pa., on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. 614 "^Is. N. E. of Corry. Bear I^ake IMEills, p. o. in Van Buren co., Mich. Bear River is an affluent of the Great Salt Lake, rises N. of the Uintah Mountains in Utah, flows N. parallel to the Bear River Mountains, and retui-ns to the S. in S. Idaho. Its course is very tortuous. Bear Kiver, p. o'. in Enimitt co., Mich. Bear Kiver Cit.v, p. o. in Box Elder co., Utah. Bears Paw Mountains, a chain in N. Mon- tana, trending" S. W. & N. E. between the Mis- souri and Milk Rivers. Bearsville, p. o. in Ulster co., New York. Beartown, p. o. in Deer Lodge co., Montana. Beartown, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Bear Valley, p. v. in Mariposa co., Cal., near the Merced R., and 12 nils. N. W, of Mariposa. Bear Valley, p. v. in Wabashaw co., Minu., 211^ nils. W. of Wabashaw. Bear Valley, p. o. in Richland co.. Wis. Bear Wallow, p. o. in Henderson co., N. C. Beasley's Fork, p. o. m Adams co., Ohio. Beatie, tn. in Benton co.. Ark. Pop., 769. ♦Beatrice, p. v. and the co. seat of Gage co., Nebr., on tlie Big Blue R., and on the Beatrice Br. of the Burlingtoft. & Missouri River R. R., 51 nils, from Lincoln. Has flouring and saw mills, and one newspaper. Beattie, p. o. in Marshall co., Kans. Beattie's Ford, p. o. in Lincoln co., N. C. *Beatty, p. v. in Westmoreland CO., Pa., on the Pennsylvania R. R., 7% mis. E. of Greens- burgh. Beatty ville, p. v. and the co. seat of Lee co., Ky., one mle. from Proctor. Pop., 123. Beatyestown, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., &% mis. S. of Hackettstown, on the Morris & Es- sex R. R. Beaty's Mills, p. o. in Marion co., W. Va. Beauoou]), p. o. in Washington co.. 111. Beauforrt, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 336. Bcauford, p. o. in the above tn. Beaufort, co. in N. C, eastern part. Area about 650 sq. mis. Pop., 13,011 ; in 1860, 14,766. It borders on Panilipo Sound, and its N. E. boundary is forme'd by Tare R., which emp- ties into" Pungo B., a branch of the sound. The wide estuary of the Pamlico R. intersects the CO. from W. to E. The surface is low and level ; the soil is very productive ; large por- tions of the CO. consist of swamps. Washing- ton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,937 bush.; rye, 195 bush.; Indian-corn, 179,994 bush.; oats, 3,674 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,S93 bush.; sweet pot's, 102,626 bush.; cotton, 1,987 bales ; butter, 7,617 lbs.; hay, 379 tons. Cash value of farms, $481,471. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $496,161. Value of manu- factures, $196,141. Beaufort, district in S. C, forming the south- ern extremity of the state. Area about 1,550. Pop.. 34,359; in 1860, 40,053. The district is bounded on the S. W. by the Savannah R., on the N. E. by the Conibahee R., and on the S. E. by the Atlantic Ocean. The largest streams •which intersect it are the Coosawhatchie and New Rs. The Coosawhatchie empties into the ocean by two channels, the Coosaw R. and the Broad R., which are separated by a number el low and very productive islands, as Port Roya! Island, St. Helena Island, Prentiss Island, etc.; south of the mouth of Broad R. lies Hilton Head Island. The entire district consists of a low and level plain, which is throughout ter- tile. Near the sea-board there are extensive swamp lands. Beaufort is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 614 bush.: rye, 5;j'.? bush.; Indian-corn, 285,532 bush.; oats, 1,392 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,655 bush.; sweet pot's, lis.- 036 bush.; cotton, 7,486 bales ; butter, 23.727 lbs.; rice, 9,069,130 lbs. Cash value of farms, $2,554. • 149. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,220,266. Value of manufactures, $S3,577. Beaufort, p. v. in S'ranklin co.. Mo., 9 mis. AT. of Union. Beaufort, p. v. and co. seat of Carteret co.. N. C, on the Atlantic & North Carolina R. R., on the Newport II., and 6 mis. E. of Morehead City, the R. R. terminus. Pop., 2,430. *Beaulort, p.v. and 1 lie co. seat of Beaufort dis- trict, S. Coil Port Royal Island and R. E., and 34 mis. N. E. of Savannah, Ga. It has a good har- bor, which is reached by vessels through Port Royal entrance. Exports yellow pine and cypress lumber, and has three newspapers, in the vicinity are rice plantations. Pop., 1,739. Beaumont, p. o. in Chatham co., N. C. Beaumont, p. v. and co. seat of Jefferson co., Tex., on the Neches R.. and 43 mis. E. of Lib- erty. Tlie Texas & New Orleans R. R., now in course of construction, will pass through the place. Beauregard, tn. in Drew co.. Ark. Pop., 598. Beaureg'ard, v. in Tangipahoa co.. La., on the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 138 mis. from Now Orleans. Beaureg'ard, v. in Copiah parish. Miss., on New Orleans, -Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 41 mis. from Jackson ; has one newspaper. Pop. about 400. Beausejour, p. o. in Plaquemines parish. La. Beauvais, tn. in St. Genevieve co., Mo. Pop., 1,30'J. Beaver, co., in Pa., W. part, borders on Ohio Area, 650 sq. mis. Pop. 36,148 ; in 18C0, 29,140. It is intersected by the Ohio R., which receives from the N. the Beaver R., and from the S. Raccoon Cr. ; Little Beaver Cr. empties into the Ohio R. near the S. VV. corner of the CO., anil the N. E. corner is intersected by the Comquenessing R. The surface is undulating and the soil very productive, especially that of the bottom lands. Bituminous coal is ex- tensively mined. Two branches of the Penn- sylvania' Central R. R. pass through the co. Beaver is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 174,408 bush.; rye, 59,800 bush.; oats, 532,625 bush.; Indian-corn, 404.233 bush.; Irish pot's, 193,425 bush.; sweet pot's, 433 bush.; butter, 936,107 lbs.; hay, 30,224 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,198,713. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,069,313. Value of manufactures, $4,024,083. Beaver, co. in Utah, S. part. Area over 8,600 sq. nils. Pop., 2,007 ; in 1860, 785. It extends entirely across the territory from E. to AV., and is about 32 mis. broad, and 2tl6 mis. long. The central portions are occupied by several ranges of the Wah.satch Mt., which include the valley of the Sevier R. The E. part is in - tersected by Green R., flowing S. W., and the W part is drained by the affluents of Preuss Lake, a part of which lies within the limits of this CO. Beaver is the co. scat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : AVlieat, 22,361 bush.; Indian-corn. 2,088 bush.; oats, 586 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,310 bush.; butter, 13,460 lbs.; hay, 1,031 tons. Cash value of farms, $37,145. Total, estimated, value BEAVER. 110 BECKER. of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $94,594. Value of manufactures, $216,450. Beaver, tn. in Saline co., Ark. Pop. 240. Beaver, tn. in Iroquois co., 111. Pop., 1,278. Beaver, tn. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pop., 4S9. Beaver, tn. in Newton co., Ind. Pop., 637. Beaver, tn. in Butler co.. Iowa. Pop., l.OSl. Beaver, tn in Dallas co., Iowa. Pop., 343. Beaver, tn. in Grundy co., Iowa. Pop., 401. Beaver, tn. in Guthrie co., Iowa. Pop., 5-20. Beaver, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,213. Beaver, p. o. in Osborne CO., Kans. Beaver, tn. in Newaygo eo., Mich. Pop., 142. Beaver, p. o. in the ahovo tn. Beaver, tn. in IJarrjy co., Mich. Pop., 141. Beaver, tn. in Benville co., Minn. Pop., 569. Beaver, tn. in Fillmore co.. Minn. Pop., 419. Beaver, p. v. in Winona co., Minn., on White Water Or., and 20}.^ mis. N. N. W. of Winona. Beaver, p. o. in Douglas co., Mo. Beaver, tn. in Taney Co., Mo. Pop., 581 Beaver, p. o. in Boone eo., N.ebr. Beaver, p. o. in Clicrokee co., N. C. Beaver, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 1,933. Beaver, tn. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop., 1.684. Beaver, tn. ii^Pike co., Ohio. Pop., 694. Beaver, p. o. in the above tn. *Beaver, p. v. and co. seat of Beaver co., Pa., on the Ohio R. and on the Cleveland & Pitts- burgh K. R., 27 mis. from Pittsburgh. Pop.,1 120. The water-power furnished by Beaver R. is used in several manufactories. Three news- papers. Beaver, tn. in Clarion co., Pa. Pop., 1,3,38. Beaver, tn. in Ci'awford co., Pa. Pop., 1,177. Beaver, tn. in Columbia co., Pa. Pop., 95S. Beaver, tn. in Jefferson co.. Pa. Pop., 1,094. Beaver, tn. in Snyder co.. Pa. Pop., 1,766. Beaver, p. o. in Anderson co., Tex. Beaver, p. v. and the co. seat of Beaver co., Utah, 218 nds. S. W. of Salt Lake City and on Beaver Cr., has several mills, and in the vicinity are valuable mines. Pop. of the pre- cinct, i,207, Beaver, p. v. in Thurston co., Washington Ter., 6 mis., S. of Olympia. Beaver Bay, tn. in Lake CO., Minn. Pop., 119. Beaver Bay, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the N. W. shore of Lake Superior, 50 mis. N. E. of Duluth. Beaver Brook, p. o. in Sullivan co. N. Y. Beaver Centre, p. v. in Crawford co.. Pa., 3V^ mis. W. of Station on the Erie & Pittsburgh, R. R. Beaver City, P- v. in Newton co., Ind., 15)^ mis. N. of Kontland. Beaver City, p. o. in James co., Nebr. Beaver Creek, p. o. in Dale co., Ala. Beaver Creek, p. o. in Pueblo co., Colo. Beaver Creek, tn. in Bond co.. 111. Pop., 1,490. Beaver Creek, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. of Greenville. Beaver Creek, p. o. in Cloud co., Kans. Beaver Creek, p. o. in AVashington co., Md. Beaver Creek, p. o. in Gratiot co., Mich. Beaver Creek, p. o. in .lofferson co., Mont. Beaver Creek, tn. in Greene co., Ohio. Pop., 2,2-S9. Beaver Creek, p. o. in Jefferson co., Tenn. Beaver Creek, p. o. in Jackson co.. Wis. Beaver Crossing', p. v. in Seward co., Nebr., on the W. Fork of the Big Blue R., 15 mis. W. of Mil ford. Beaver Bam, p. v. in Kosciusko co., Ind., 17^ mis. S. W. of Warsaw. Beaver Bain, p. o. in Ohio CO., Ky. Beaver ]>ani, tn. in Butler co., Mo. Pop., 786. Beaver ]>ain, p. o. in Union Co., N. C. Beaver S>ani, p. v. in AUcu co., Ohio, 10 mis. N. E. of Lima. Beaver Bam, tn. in Hanover co., Va. Pop., 3,237. Beaver Bam, tn. in Dodge co., Wis. Pop., 1,461. *Beaver Dam, city in the above tn., on the Milwaukee & St. Paiil R. R.,9 mis. W. of Hori- con and 35 mis. E. of Portage City. It lies on Beaver Cr., which affords niuch water-power, and has flouring mills, saw mills and other factories. It is the seat of Wayland Univer- sity. Pop., 3,265. Two newspapers. Beaver Dam Depot, p. v. in Hanover co., Va., on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 40 mis. from Richmond. Beaver Dams, p. o. in Schiiyler co., N. Y. Beaver Falls, p. v. and the co. seat of Ren- ville CO., Minn., on Chanah R. and 3 mis. from Minnesota II., 07 mis. N. W. of Mankato, and 40 mis from New Ulm. One newspaper. Beaver Falls, p. o. in Lewis co., N. Y. *Beaver Falls, p. v. in Beaver co.. Pa., on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R. Pon.., 3,112. Beaver Head, co. in Montana, S. W. part. Aroaabout 6,000 sq. mis. Pop., 722. The 112th meridan W. of Greenwich forms the eastern boundary. On the other sides this co. is sur- roundedby the principal chains of the Rocky Mts. It includes the head streams of the Jef- ferson Fork of the JMissoui'i R., as the Big Hole R., Prairie Cr., Red Butte Cr., Tail Deer Cr. and others. The northern, western and southern parts are occupied by the slopes and spurs of the Rocky Mts., while thecenter and the eastern sections are hilly or undulating. The mountains are covered with magnilicent forests (chiefly pine) while the lower sections consist of prairies. The Big Hole Prairie is the largest of these. The co. contains many productive gold mines. Bannack City is the CO. seat. A gr. productions in 1870: Oats, 20'J bush. ; Irish pot's, 300 bush. ; butter, 73,200 lbs. ; hay, 1,461 tons. Cash value of farms, $15, .^60 Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $84,225. Value of manufactures, $174,300. Beaver Kill, p. o. in Sullivan CO., N. Y. Beaver 2tIeacIow, v. in Mobile co., Ala., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 26 mis. N. of Mobile. B^averMeadow, p. o. in Chenango co., N. Y. Beaver Meadows, p. v. in Carbon co.. Pa., on a branch af the Lehigh Valley R. R., 10% mis. W. of Penn Haven. Beaver Pond, p. o. in Lexington district, S. C. Beaver Ridjre, p. o. in Knox co., Tenn. Beaver River, a small tributary of the Mau- luoe R. in Ohio, passes through Henry and Wood cos. Beaver River, a tributary of the Ohio R., in W. Pa., is formed by the confluence of the Shenaugo and Mahoning Rs., flows S. through Lawrence and Beaver cos., and empties into the Ohio \\^ mis. E. of Beaver. Beaver Run, p. o. in Sussex co., N. J. Beaver Springs, p. v. in Snyder CO., Pa., 10 mis. S. W. of JMiddlebnrgh. Beaver Timber, p. o. la Newton co., Ind. Beavcrton, p. o. in Sanford Co., Ala. Beavcrton, v. in Boone co.,Ill., 3 mis. N. E. of of Poplar Grove on the Kenosha R. R. Beavertown, p. v. in Snyder co., Pa., 8 mis. 8. W. of ISliddleburg. Beaver Valley, p. o. ih St. Clair co., Ala. Beaver Valley, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., 7'-h mis. N. W. of \Vilmina:ton. Beaver Valley, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Beaverville, p. o. in Iroquois co.. 111. Becearia, tn. In Clearfleld co.. Pa. Pop., 1,2,39. Beclitelsville, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Beeker, co. in Minn., N. part. Area about 1,4-W sq. mis. Pop., 308 ; in 1870, 386. This co. has a rolling surface of considerable eleva- tion, and inclndesalarge number ofbcautiful lakes, as White Earth L., Eagle Nest L., Hight of Land L. and others. The eastern part is drained by the head streams of the Crow Wing R., and the central and western by the Red R. of the North, which rises in Elbow L., near the northern boundary, in 1,680 feet of elcva- BECKER. Ill BEE. tion. Agr. procluctions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,850 bush.; Indian-corn, 330 bush.; oats, 1,553 bush.; Irish pot's, 40 bush. Cash valne of farms, $6,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,-243. Becker, p. v. in Sherburne co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Pacific E. R., 29 mis. from Anoka. BecUersvllle, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Beeltet, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 1,346. Becket, p. V. in the above tn., near Boston & AU)any R. R., 33^ mis. S. E. of Washington. Becket Centre, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & AlbanyR. E., 27 mis. from Westfleld. Beckettsville, p. o. in Charlotte co., Va. Beckleysville, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Beck's Creek, p. o. in Slielby co., 111. Beck's CJrove, p. o. in Brown CO., Ind. Beck's Mills, p. o. in Washington co., Ind., 6 mis. S. of Salem. Beck's Mills, p. o. in Holmes co., Ohio. Beck's Mills, p. o. in Washington co., Pa. Beckville, p. o. in St. Louis co., Mo. Beckville, p. o. in Panola co., Texas. Beckwith, p. o. In Plumas co., Cal. Beddington, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 134. Beddington, p. o. in the above tn. Bedford, co. in Pa., S. part, borders on Md. Area about 950 sq. mis. Pop., 29,635 ; in 1860, 26,736. The surface Is mountainous. Many ranges of the great Appalachian system trend through the co. in a N. K. 15. direction, and inclose beautiful and often fertile valleys. Tussey's Mt. and Warrior Eidge traverse the center of the co., in close proximity. Farther to the W. are Dunning's Mt., Wills' Mt., Buf- falo Eidge, etc. The principal chain of the Alleghany Mts. forms the N. W. boundary. The eastern part of the co. is traversed liy Broad Top Mt., Town Hill and Sidling Hill. The Eaystown Branch of tlie Juniata E. flows through the co. from W. to E., and turning N. passes out between Broad Top Mt. and Tus- sey's Mt. Its tributaries flow tlirough the valleys parallel to the Mt. chains, as Dunn Cr., Cove Cr., etc. The soutliern part of the CO. is drained by several tributaries of the Potomac E. Coal and iron are abundant. The Huntingdon & Broad Top R. R. follows the valley of the .Juniata E. Bedford is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 338,074 bush.; rye, 118,091 bush.; oats, 376,296 bush.; Indian-corn, 405,261 bush.; Irisli pot's, 104,657 bush.; sweet pot's, 385 busli.; butter, 457,241 lbs.; hay, 28,62:3 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,495,119. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions. Including additions to stock, etc., $1,765,574. Value of manufacttires, $1.5S7,024. Bedford, co. in Tenn., central part. Area, .504 sq. mis. Pop., 24,333; in 1860, 21,584. The greater part of it belongs to the Central Basin of Tennessee, and has a level surface and very productive soil, while the Highland rim extends into the eastern part. The largest stream is the Duck E., which intersects the CO. from E. to W. The Nashville & Chatta- nooga E. R. passes through the co. Shelby- vlUe is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 212,922 bush.; rye, 10,486 bush.; Indian- corn, 1,010,642 bush.; oats, 104,801 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,275 bush.; sweet pot's, 17,408 bush.; tobacco, 19,290 lbs.; butter, 96,424 lbs.; hay, 3,202 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,511,259. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $2,037,652. Value of manufacttires, $358,542. Bedford, co. in Va., central part. Area. 505 sq. mis. Pop., 25,327 ; in I860, 25j068. It is bounded on the N. W. by the Blue Ridge, and the W. part is traversed by several ranges of hills, as Miller's Mt. and others. The Staun- ton E. forms the southern boundary, and the James E. the northern. Goose Cr.and Otter Cr., tributaries of tlie Staunton, intersect the CO. from AV. to E. and drain the largest por- tions of its area. The co. belongs to the Pied- mont or hilly region of the state ; but exten- sive tracts are level or slightly undulating. The soil is very productive. The Virginia & Tennessee E. E. passes through the co. from E. to W. Libertv is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 165,560 bush.; rye, 7,S31 busli.; Indian-corn, 2.58,995 bush.; oats, 249,799 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,306 bush.; sweet pot's. 11,169 bush.; tobacco, 1,956,157 lbs.; butter, 200,50(J lbs.; hay, 3 ,057 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,.373,549. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,158,684. Value of manufactures, $421,017. Bedford, tn. in Cross co.. Ark. Pop., 319. Bedford, p. v. in Pike co.. 111., on the Illinois R., 20 nils. S. of Naples. Bedford, tn. in Wayne co., lU. Pop., 1,336. *Bedford, p. v. and the co. seat of Lawrence co.j Ind., on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago E. E., 71 mis. N. of New Albany. It lies on the E. Fork of White E., and has a good local trade. Five newspapers. Pop., 1,954. *Bedford, p. v. and the co. seat of Taylor co., Iowa, on a tributary of the*Little Platte R. and the Burlington & Missouri Eiver E. E., 65 mis. from St. Josephs. Agricultural dis- trict. Two newspapers. Pop., 720. Bedford, p. v. and the co. seat of Trimble co., Ky., 10 mis. S. W. of Carrollton, on the Ohio R. Pop., 200. Bedford, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 849. Bedford, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. W. of Lexington. Bedford, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 1,466. Bedford, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Battle Cr. Bedford, tn. in Monroe co., Mich. Pop., 1,459. Bedford, tn. in Lincoln co.. Mo. Pop., 2,325. Bedford, p. v. in Livingston co.. Mo., on the Grand R., and 13 mis. S. E. of tlie city of Chil- licothe. Bedford, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Pop., 1,221. Bedford, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. W. of Manchestei'. Bedford, tn. in Westchester co., N. T. Pop., 3,697. Bedford, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. E. of Bedford Station, on the New York & Harlem R. R., 39% mis. N. of New York and 8% mis. S, of Croton Falls. Bedford, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 918. Bedford, tn. in Cuyahoga CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,788. Bedford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cleve- land & Pittsburg E. R., 14 mis. S. E. of Cleve- land. Bedford, tn. in Meigs Co., Ohio. Pop., 1,645. Bedford, tn. in Bedford co., Pa. Pop., 2,333. *Bedford, p. borous;h in the above tn. and co. seat, 52 mis. S. W. of Huntingdon, and at S. W. ter. of Huntingdon & Broad Top E. E. Pop., 1,247. Hematite iron ores and limestone are found in the neighborhood. Two newspapers. Bedford, p. o. and the co. seat of Bedford co., Tenn. Bedford Springes, p. v. in Bedford co.. Pa., near Bedford, 52 mis. S. W. of Huntingdon. The springs contain carbonic acid, sulphate of magnesia, sulphate of lime and muriate of soda. Bedford Station, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the Harlem E. E., 39% mis. N. of New York. Bedias, p. o. in Grimes co., Texas. Bedminster, tn. in Somersetco., N. J. Pop. 1,881. Bedminster, tn. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pop., 2,370. Bedminster, p. o. in the above tn. Bee, CO. in Texas, S. part. Area about 950 sq mis. Pop., 1,082 ; in 1860, 910. The surface is BEEBE PLAIN. 112 BELL. nearly level and consists cliiefly of prairies. The Blanco R. forms the N. E. boundary. The CO. is drained by the Media R., and by the head waters of the Aransas R., which rise within its limits. Becville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 4,G90 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,000 bush.; butter, 200 lbs. Cash value of farms, $16,009. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $0,43.'). Beebc Plain, p. v. in Orleans co., Vt., 3 mis. E. of Darby, on the Connecticut & Passump- sic River it. R. Beebe Station, p. v. in "White co., Ark. Bee Branch, p. o. in Van Buren co., Ark. Bee Brancb, tn. in Chariton co.. Mo. Pop., 1.593. Bee €aves, p. o. in Travis co., Texas. Beech, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Beech, p. o. in Licking co., Ohio. Beech Creek, tn. in Ashley co.. Ark. Pop., 269. Beech Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Beech Creek, tn. in Clarke co., Ark. Pop., 448. Beech Creek, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., 2,059. Beech Creek, tn. in Clinton co.. Pa. Pop., 887. Beech Creek, p. v. in the above tn., Ipi mis. W. of BaUl Eagle R. R. and Cr., Q% mis. B. W. of Lock Haven. Beecher, p. o. in Will co.. 111. Beecher City, p. v. in Eflangham co.. 111., on the .Springfield & Illinois Southeastern R. R., 9 mis. K. of Altamont. Beech Fork, p. o. in Washington co., Ky. Beech Grove, p. v. in Rush co., Ind., on Cin- cinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 7 m.ls. W. of Rushville. Beech Grove, p. o. in Coffee co., Tenn. Beech Mill, p. o in Mason co., W. Va. Beechland, p. o. in Washington co., Ky. Beech Spring:, p. o. in Lee co., Va. Beecli Wood, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Beech Wood, p. v. in Cameron co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 108 mis. JSt. W. of Williamsijort. Beech Wood, p. o. in Sheboygan co.. Wis. Beech W^oods, p. o. in Newton co.. Ark. Beechy Mire, p. o. in Union co., Ind. Bee Creek, p. o. in Pike co.. 111. Bee Creek, p. o. in Taney co.. Mo. Bee Creek, p. o. in Bledsoe co., Tenn. Beefield, tn. in Greenville co., Va. Pop., 2,869. Beekinan, p. o. in "Washington co., Kans. Beekinan, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 1,4S6. Beekman, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. E. of Arthursburgh, on the Dutchess & Columbia R. R. Beekmantown, tn. in Clinton co, N. Y. Pop., 2,552. Beekmantown, p. v. in the above tn., near the Plattsburgh & Montreal R. R., G]4 mls- N. of Platlsburfi;h. Beekmantown, v. in Westchester co., N. Y., near the Harlem R. R. Pop., 2,206. Beeler's Station, p. o. in Marshall co., W. Va. Bee liick, p. o. in Lincoln co., Ky. Bcemerville, p. v. in Sussex co!, N. J., 7 mis., N. W. of Branchville. Beerfleld, tn. in Lajjeerco., Mich. Pop., 419. Bee Ridg-e, p. o. in Knox co.. Mo. Beers, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Beersheba Springes, p. o. in Grundy co., Tenn. Becsley's Point, p. v. in Cape May co., N. J., 12 mis. N. E. of South Seaville on the Cape May R. R. Bee Spring:, p. o. in Edmonson co., Ky. Beetown, tn. in Grant CO., Wis. Pop., 1,624. Beetown^ p. v. in the above tn.. 9 mis. N. W. of CassviUe on the Mississippi R. Betrace, p. o. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Beeville, p. v. and the co. seat of Beeco., Tex., 27 mis. S. "W. of Goliad. Behestian, tn. in Ouachita co., Ark. Pop., 396. Belair, p. v. in Richmond co., Ga., on the Geor- gia R. R., 11 mis. W. of Augusta. *Bel Air, p. v. and co. seat of Harford co., Md., 12'^ mis. N. N. W. of Edgewood, on the Phila- delphia & Baltimore R. R. Pop., 633. Belair, p. o. in Lancaster district, S. C. Belbend, p. v. in Luzerne co., Pa., 37^m.l8. S. W. of Scranton. Belcher, p. o. in Washington co., N. Y. Belcbertown, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., 2,428. Belcbertown, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ke w London Northern R. R. , 75 mis. from New London. Belden, p. v. in Wabash co., Ind., on the Wa- bash R., the Wabash & Eric Canal, and the Toledo, Wabash & Western R R., 12 mis. E. N. E. of Wabash. Belden, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Belden, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. Belden ville, p. v. in Pierce co., Wis. Belding', p. o. in Ionia co., Mich. Belew Creek Mills, p. o. in Forsyth co., N. C, Belew's Creek, p. o. in Jefferson co.. Mo. Belfast, p. o. in Grant co.. Ark. Belfast, p. v. in Lee co., Iowa, on the Des- Moines Valley R. R., 20 mis. from Keokuk. ^Belfast, city and co. seat of Waldo co.. Me., on Penobscot B.,30 mis. below Bangor, ana 109 mis. N. E. of Portland. It is a port of entry, and has a line harbor. In 1871 the ship- ping' consisted of 353 vessels, with 7i,9riuia City, on the Ohio R., 13 nils, from Par- kersbnrif. Belleville, p. v., in Dane co.. Wis., on the Su- irar 11., -20 mis. S. of Madison. Bellevoir, p. o. in Chatham co., X. C. Bellevne, p. v. in Dallas co., Ala., on the Sel- ma & Meridian R. R., 23 mis. W. of Selma. Bellevne, v. in Xew Castle co., Del., on the Philadelphia, AVilminjrton & Baltimore R. R.. •23 mis. S. of Philadelphia, and 5 mis. N. of Wilmington. Bellevne, tn. in .Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 2, 40-2. •Bellevne, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Mis- sissippi R., ia nils, below Dubuque, and 13 mis. from Lralena : is a shipping place for country produce, and has one newspaper. Pop., 1,3.53. Bellevne, v. in Henry co.. Ivy., on the Louis- ville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., 42 mis. fi-om Louisville, and 15 mis. S. E. of La Grange. Bellevne, i\ v. and co. seat of Bossier parish. La., on Lake Bodoau, 19 mis. X. E. of Shreve- port. Cotton is raised in the neighborhood. C>ne newspaper. Pop. about '20. Bellevne, tn. in Eaton co., Mich. Pop., l.i>So. ♦Bellevne, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pen- insular R. R.. 13 mis. S. W. of Charlotte, and 32 Tuls. from Lansing ; lies in a rich farming district, and has limekilns; much produce is shippeil here. One newspaper. Pop., t>08. Bellevne. p. v. and the co. seat, in Sarpy co., Xebr., near the Missouri R., 15 nils. S. of Oma- ha and IS mis. X. of Plattsmouth. Onthespot where the village now stands the famous ex- plorers, Lewis and Clark, landed in l^Vt, and soon afterward the American Fur Company established a tradinof post here. *Bellevne, p. v. in Huron co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R.. 65 mis. AV. of Cleveland, i'op., 1,219. Has manufac- tures, and ships grain. One newspaper. Bellevne. p. o. in Yam Hill co., Oreg. Bellevne, p. o. in Washington co., Utah. Bellevne, v. in Bedford co., Va. Hollevne, tn. in Brown co.. Wis. Pop., SS. Bellevne, V. in Davidson co. . Tenn., on the Xa-liville & Xorthwestern R. R., 14 mis. W. of Xashville. Bell Factory, p. v. in Madison co.,"Ala., 7 mis. from l>rownsb6ro. Bellfield, v. in Sussex co., Va., on the Rich- moad, Fredericksburg & Potomac R. R., 21 Tuls. from AVeldon. Bellfair Mills, p. o. in Stafford co., Va. Bell Flower, tn. in McLean co., 111. Pop.. 659. Belliug:hain, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., l.-2.-^2. Bellin^hani, p. v. in the above tn., on the Woousocket Division of the Boston, Hartford & Erie K. R., 32 mis. from Boston and 6 nils, from Woonsockci. Bellingsville. v. in Cooper co.. Mo., on the Missouri Pacilic R. R., 7 mis. S. W. of Boone- ville. Bell Mills, tn. in Tehama co., Cal. Pop., 79. Bellmoiit, tn. in Jackson co., Minn. Pop., 62.1. Bellniore, p. v. in Parke co., Ind., 7 mis. E. of Roekville. Bellona, p. v. in Yates co.. X. Y..ontheXorth- ern Central R. R., 14 mis. from Canandaigua. •Bellow Falls, p. v. in Windham co., Vt.; Is the terminus of the Cheshire K.R., 64 mis. from Fitehburg, and 110 mis. from Boston, and lies on the Rutland & Vermont Valley R. R., 24 mis. from Brattlehoro. It is a great railroad center. Beside those mentioned"^ rail- ways come in from Vermont and Albany. The Connecticut R., on which the town lies, tonns a series of rapids a mile long, and affords abundant water-power for numerous manu- factories. One newspaper. Bell Plain, p. o. in Marshall CO.. 111. Beliport, p. V. in Suffolk co., X. Y., on the Long I.-;iand R. R.. 47 mis. from Jamaica. Bell's Cross Koads, p. o. in Louisa co.. Va. *Bell's Depot, p. V. in Crocket co., Tenn., on the Memphis & Louisville R. R., 13 nils. X. E, of Brownsville. Bell's Litiiding:, p. o. in Monroe CO.. Ala. Bell's Mills, p. o. in Cleburne co., Ala. Bell's Mills, p. V. in Jefferson co.. Pa., on tKe Pennsylvania Central R. R., 7 mis. E. of Al- toona. Bell's Store,-p. o. in Xevada co.. Ark. Bell's Valley, p. o. in Rockbridge co., Va. Belltown, p. o. in Monroe co., Tenn. Bellvale, p. v. in Orange Co., X. Y., 3 mis. E. of AVarwirk. Bell Valley, p. o. in Xoble co., Ohio. Bellville, p. o. in Hamilton co., Fla. Bellville, tn. in Howard eo.. Kans. Pop., 1,240. *Bellville, p. V. in Richlaml co.. Ohio, on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 68 mis. from Sandusky and 50 nils, from Columbus. It h:is manufac- tories and one newspaper. Pop.. 720. Belleville, p. v. and the co. seat of Austin CO., Tex., on Pine Cr., a tributary of the Brazos R., and 16 mis. S. E. of Breuham. Bellwood, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. Beliuond. p. v. in Wright CO.. Iowa, on the Iowa K.. 7'.; mis. X. of Ontario. Belmont, cb. in Ohio. E. part, borders on W. Va. Area about ,t25 sq. mis. Pop., 39,712 ; in 1S60, oi.;,3it8. The Ohio R. forms the eastern boundary, and the co. is chieHy drained bv its affluents". Indian Cr., Wheeling Cr., and L"ap- tina (. r. Big Still Water Cr.. aii affluent of the Tuscarawas, rises in and drains the X. E. cor- ner. The surface is elevated and hilly : the soil productive. The Baltimore & Ohio R. R. passes through the co. from E. to AV. Saint Clairsville is the co. seat. Asrr. productions in 1^70: Wli eat, 305,205 bush.; irye. 6.217 bush.: Indian-corn, 1,181,615 bush.: oats, 4S1,S03 biTsh.: Irish pot's, 14-2,5«j9 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,751 bush.; butter, 8o0.iX)6 lbs.: hav. 3;?.016 tons. Cash value of farms. -$16,572,733. " Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $2,950, 7S3. A'alue of manu- factures, $2.U57.034. Beluiout. p. o. in Crawford co.. Ark. Belmont, p. v. in San Mateo co.,CaI., 4 mis. bv II. K. X. W. of Redwood city. Belmont, tn. in Iroquois co., Iowa. Pop., 833. . Belmont, tn. in Warren CO., Iowa. Pop., 1.04^'. Belmont, tn. in AVright CO., Iowa. Pop., 327. Belmont, tn. in AVoodson co., Kans. Pop., 622. Belmont, p. v. in the above tn., 25 mis. S. W. of Xeosho Falls. Belmont, p. v. in Bullitt co., Ky., on the Mem- plus & Louisville R. R., 25 nils. S. of Louisville. Belmont, tu. in AValdo eo.. Me. Pop., 628. Belmont, p. o. in the above tn. Belmont, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 1..M3. Belmont, p. v. in the above tn., on the Fitch- biirir K. R., 6 nils, from Boston. Belmont, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Belmont, p. o. ui Jackson co., Minn., 11 mis. from Windsor. * Belmont, p. o. in Mississippi co., Mo. Belmont, p. o. in Cass co., Xebr. Belmont^ p. v. and co. seat of Xye co. Xev., 7* mis S. of the eiiv of Austin. Belmont, tu. in Belknap co., X. H. Pop., 1,165, BELMONT. 115 BENNINGTON. Belmont, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. E. of Til- ton on tl:o Boston, Concord & Montreul R. K. Belmont, p. V. an(l co. seat in Allefjany co., X. Y., on Goncsec R , and tlie Erie R. R., 3414 inls. W. of Iloriiellsvillo. Pop., 795. It has taannfactorlcs, and .slup3 mucli lumber and wool. One newspaper. Belmont, tn. in Franlclin Co., N. Y. Pop., 1,619. Belmont, p. v. in IJehnont co., Ohio, on the Cinitral Ohio R. R., 18!^ mis. \V. of Hellaire. In th(! vicinity are rich coal mines. Pop., 2S7. Belmont, p. o. in Coffee 00., Tenn. Belmont, p. v. in Gonzales CO., Tex., 12 mis. AV, of Gonzales. Belmont, tn. in La Fayette CO., Wis. Pop., I, .'503. Belmont, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. by R. R. W. of Calamine. Belmont, tn. in Portage co., Wi«. Pop.. 508. Bclniorc, ]5. v. in Putman co., Ohio, on the Daylon & Michigan R. R., 11 mis. N. of Otta- wa. Pop., '261. Boloit, p. V. in Lyons co., Iowa, on Big Sioux 11., CO mis from .Sioux City. Beloit, ti). in Mitchell co., Kans. Pop., 173. *Bcloit, )) V. in the aVjovo tn., on Salmon R., 40 nils, from Lindsey. Beloit, p. V. in IMahoning co., Ohio, on the I'itt.sburgh. Ft. Wavne & Chicago R. R., 5>^nil.s. E. of Alliance. Poi)., HO. Beloit, m. in Rock co., Wis. Pop., 743. *Beloit, city in the above tn., at the intersec- tion of the Western Union R. R. with the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 01 mis. N. W. of Chicau'O, and 47 mis. S. E. of Madison, and on Rock R. Is the seat of Beloit College, and has flourishing manufactories. Pop., 4,39ij; in lMi;0, 4,0i)H. Bel pre, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop., •2,4ii-.>. Belpre, p. v. in tho above tn., on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 13 ml.s. S. W. of Marietta, and on llvi Ohio R., opposite Parkersburg, Kv. Pop., 911. Belton, p. o. in Hall co., Ga. Bcltoii, J), o. in Cass co. Mo. Belton, )). v. in Anderson district, S. C, on the Green\ ilio & Columbia R. R., 26 mis. from Grc(!nville. Belton, p. v. and the co. scat of Bell co., Tex. 5',) mis. X of Austin and on the Little R., a tributary of the Brazos. Pop., 281. Belton, V). v. in Marshall co., W. V., on the Bal- timore & Ohio R. R , 3.') mis. from Wheeling. Beltrami, new co. in Minn., N. part. Area, 3,53S sq. nds. Pop., 80. It is bounded on rhe S. by Lake Itask;i and tho upper course of the Mississippi R., with Pemidji and Cass lakes. The northern ))art includes the large Red I/ake, and is drained by its affluents, the largest of which is Red Lake R. Belt<«ville, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md., on tlie Ualtimore & AVasliington R. R., 12 mis. N. of Washington. Belviderc, tn. in Boone co., III. Pop., 4,410. *Belvi«lere, p. v. in tlu; above tn. and the co. seat, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 78 mis. W. of Chicago. A branch R. R. con- nects it with Beloit, AVis. Pop., 3,231. Two U6ws]>apers. Belvidere, In. in Monona co., Iowa. Pop., 'ZT-. Belvidere, p. o. in the above tn. Belvidere, tn. iu Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 51. Belvidere, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 626. Belvidere, tn. in Warren CO., N. J. Pop., l,ss.'. ♦Belvidere, p. v. in the above tn., on the Bel- viilere i"t Dylaware R. R., 95 mis. N. of Phila- deliihia. Belvidere, p. v. in Allegany co., N. Y., on the Genesee R. and tho Erie R. R., SIX ^l*- W. of IlorncUsville. Belvidere, p. o in Perquimons CO., N. C. Belvidere, p. o. in Franklin co., Tenn. Belvidere, In. in Lamoille co., Vt. Pop., 369. Belvidere, p. o. in tho above tn. Belvidere, tn. in Buffalo co., Wis. Pop., 6.32. Belvidere Corners, p. o. in Lamoille co., Vt. Belvoir, p. o. in Douglas CO., Kans. Belvue, !>. o. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. Bem, p. o. in Greene CO., Wis. Bement, tn. in Piatt co.. 111. Pop., 1,471. *Benient, p. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 17 mis. W. of To- lono. Bemus Heights, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., on Champlain Canal, 5 mis. from Mechanics- ville. Bemus Point, p. v. in Chautauqua co.,N.Y., on Chautan(jua Canal, 11 mis. from Jamestown. Benbow, p. o. in Marion co.. Mo. Bendersville, p. v. in Adams co.. Pa., 10 mis. N. of Gettysburg. Benedicta, tn. ni Aroostook co., Me. Pop., 413. Bcnela, p. o. in Calhoun co.. Miss. Benevola, p o. in Washington co., Md. Benezett, tn. in Elkco., Pa. Pop., 902. Benezett, p. o. in the above tn. Ben Franklin, p. o. in Murray co.. Minn. Ben Franklin, p. o. in Delta co., Texas. Beng-al, tn. in Clarke co., Mich. Top., 1,086. Ben$;'al, p. o. in tue above tn. Benliam's Store, p. o. in Ripley co., Ind. Benioia, tn. in Solano co., Cal. Pop., l,6.5t;. *Benieia, p. v. in the above tn., on the Straits of Carquinez, which connect the B. of San Francisco with the Suisun B.; is about 30 mis. X. E. of San Francisco. It contains tlie only law school of the state, and othereducational establishments ; and has several tanneries and a large flouring mill. Pop., 1,GG0. Benjamin, p. o. in Lewis co., MO. Ben I^omond, )>. v. in Sevier co.. Ark. Benner, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop., 1,362. Bennet's Corners, p. o. in iMadison co., N. Y. Bennett, j). o. iu Alleghany co., Pa. Bennett's Bayou, tn. iu Fulton co.. Ark. Pop.. IJ7. Bennettsbnrgh, p. o. in Schuyler co., X. Y. JSennett's Corners, p. o. in Medina co., Ohio. Bennett's Creek, p. o. in Steuben co., X. Y. Bennett's Mills, p. o. in Ocean co., X. J. Bennett's River, p. o. in Fulton co.. Ark. Bennett's Switch, p. o. in Miami co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Peru & (.!hicago R. It., 14 mis. from Peru. Bennettstown, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. Bcnnettsville, p. v in Clarke co., Ind., on the Louisville & Chicago R. R., 12 mis. X. of X'ew All)any. Bennettsville, p. o. in Chenango co., X. Y. Bennetts\'ille, p. v. and the co. seat of Marl- borough district, S. C.,011 Crop Cr. and 12m!s. S. E. of Clieraw. One newspaper. Bennezette, tn. iu Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 206. Bennezctte, tn. iu Bik CO., Pa. Pop., 902. Benning'ton, co. in Vt.; forms the S. W. ex- tremity of the state. Area about 710 sq. mis. Pop., 21,."25; in 1860, 19,436. It has a mountain- ous surface, as it is traverse d by the Green Mts., with their lofty peak. Equinox Ml . The larger part of it is covered with pine and. spruce forests, which yield considerable quan- tities of timber. There is but a limited amount of productive farm-land in the co. The largest streams are the Battenkil! , IIoosiG and Deerfleld lis. The latter joins the Con- necticut ; the others the Hudson R. The Bennington & Rutland R. R. passes through the CO. from X. to S.; the Rensselaer & Sara- atoga R. R. intersects its X. W. corner: the Troy & Boston R. R. the S. W. corner. Ben- nington and Manchester are the co. seats. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 7,429 bush.; rye, 7,501 bush.; Indian-corn, 10S,.')37 bush.; oats, 161,876 bush.; Irish pot's, 196,791 bush.; wool, 146,419 lbs.; butter, 412,092 lbs.; hay, 35,542 BENNINGTON. 116 BENTON. tons. Cash value of farms, $6,340,105. Total, estimatefl, value of all farm prortuetious, lii- cluflinji: additions to stock, etc., $1,160,545. Value of manufactures, $3,8-20,330. Bennlug^toii, tn. in Marshall co., lU. Pop., 1,0-20. JBennlng-ton, p. o. in Edwards co., 111. Benning'ton, p. v. in Switzerland co., Ind., 12 n\U. N. \V. of Vevay. Bennington, tn. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Pop., 054. Bennington, p. o. in Ottawa co.. Kans. Benning^ton, tn. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop., 1,4-24. Bennington, p. v. in the ahove tn., on the Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. E., 2-2 mis. from Lansing. Bcnning^ton, tn. in Mower co., Minn. Pop., Bennington, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Pop., 401. Bennington, p. v. in the above tn., on the Contocook K. and 10 mis. S. of Hillsborough Bridge on Concord & Claremont R. R. Benning'ton, tn. in Wyoming co., N. Y. Pop., 2,385. Bennington, p. o. in the above tn. Bennington, tn. in Morrow CO., Ohio. Pop., 899. Bennington, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. E. of Ashley on the Columbiis & Cleveland R. R. Benninngton, tn. in liennington co., Yt. Pop., 5,7(;o. ^'Bennington, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat ; is the terminus of the Rutland & Bennington R. R., 55 mis. S. of Rutland and 42 mis. N. X. E. of Albany ; has large and inter- esting pottery manufactories, producing fine porcelain and Parian marble ware. Mt. An- thony, Petersburg Mt. and Prospect Mt. are attractive heights in the vicinity. Two news- papers. Bennington Centre, p. v. in Bennington co., Vt., 1 mlc. W. of the above v. Bennington Furnace, p. o. in Blair co., Pa. Benonit, tn. in Oceana co., Mich. Pop., 037. Benona, p. v. in the above tn., on Lake Michi- gan, KiJ^ mis. K. N. W. of Montague. Benoni, p. o. in Martin co., Minn. Bensalein, tn. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pop., 2,353. Bensalein, p. o. in the above tn. Benson, p. o. in Woodford co.. 111. Benson, p. v. iu Franklin co., Ky., on the Loui.sville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., mis. N. W. of Frankfort. Benson, tn. in Chippewa co., Minn. Pop., 6-28. Benson, p. v. and the co. seat of Swift co., Minn., on Chippewa R. and the St. Paul & Pacific R. R., 134 mis. from St. Paul. Benson, tn. in Hamilton co., N. Y. Pop., 320. Benson, p. o. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of Northville. Benson, tn. in Rutland CO., Vt. Pop., 1,244. Benson, p. v. iu the above tn.. 10 mis. X. of Fair Haven, on the Saratoga & White Hall R. R. Benson Centre, p. o. in Hamilton co., N. Y. Benson CJrove, p. o. in Winnebago Co., Iowa. Benson lianding, p. o. in Rutland co., Vt., 3 mis. N. W. of Benson and on Lake Champlain. Bent, CO. in Colo. Ter.. S. E. part. Area, 1,210 sq. mis. Pop., .59-2. The Arkansas R. flows through the N. part of the co. from W. to E.; and receives numerous small tributaries. The surface is undulating and olfers excellent facilities for grazing. Las Animas is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,637 bush.; Indian-corn, 7,700 bush.; oats, 2,931) bush,; wool, 8,700 lbs. Cash value of farms, $5j,090. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., *102,33-2. Bent Brancli, p. o. in Pike co., Ky. Bent Canyon, p. o. in Las Animas co., Colo. Bent Creek, p. o. in Appomattox co., Va. BcntiTOglio, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Bentiey, tn. in Perry co.. Ark. Pop., 345. Bentley'8 Springs, p. v. in Baltimore co. Md., on the Northern Central R. R., 3-21^ mis. N. of Baltimore. Bentiey ville, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., 9 mis. S. W. of Monongahela City. Bentiey, p. v. in Hancock co.. 111., on the Jieo- kuk Branch of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., .514 mis. S. of Carthage. Bentiey Creek, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Bent mountain, p. o. in Roanoke co., Va. Benton, co. in Ark. ; forms the N. W. extremity of the state. Pop., 13,831 ; in imo, 9,106. The surface is hilly and in some parts mountain- ous. Pea Ridge extends through the center of the CO. The largest stream is White R., which drains the eastern part. Sugar Cr., Spavinaw Cr. and the Illinois R., tributaries of the Arkansas, drain the central and west- ern parts. The soil of the valleys is very pro- ductive; the uplands are heavily timbered. Bentonville is the co. scat. Agr. productions iu 1870 : Wbeat, 84,779 bush.; Indian-corn, 34",- 046 bush.; oats, 40,569 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,.595 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,866 bush.; tobacco, 35,-280 lbs.; hay, 99 tons. Cash value of farms, i^677,- 035. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $.556,876. Value of manufactures, $159,112. Benton, co. in Ind., N. W. part ; borders on 111. Area, 414 sq. mis. Pop., 6,642; in 1860, -2,809. It is covered with extensive prairies, alternating M'ith deciduous forests. The soil is very pro- ductive. Pine and Sugar Crs. intersect and drain the co. Oxford is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, !)0,.513 bush.; rye, 11,912 bush.; Indian-corn, 45.8,857 bush.; oats, 121,842 bush.; Irisli pot's, 22,4-26 bush.; sweet pot's, 104 bush.; butter, 103,-200 lbs.; hay. 6,(359 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,300,560. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1, -2-28,660. Value of manufactures, $-25,035. Benton, co. in Iowa, E. central part. Area, 720 sq. mis. Pop., 2-2,454 ; in I860, 8,496. The co. has an undulating surface, and consists mostly of extensive prairies. The soil is very pro- ductive. Cedar 11. intersects the N. E. part and receives numerous affluents, whicli drain the larger part of the co. The Iowa R. touches the S. W. corner. The Iowa Division of tlie Chicago & Northwestern R.IJ. intersects the CO. from E. to W. Vinton Is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. 1,-2.54,947 bush.; rye, 2,0.50 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,516,420 busli.; oats, 468,.543 bush.; Irish pot's, 97,941 bush.; sweet pot's, 192 bush.; wool, 18,674 lbs.; butter, 570,1-26 lbs.; hay, 32,473 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,716,034. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,1.55,748. Value of manufac- tures, $176,315. Benton, co. in Minn., central part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 1,558: in I860, 6'27. Its west- ern boundary is formed by the Mississippi R., and it is drained bythe"Little Rock R., the W. branch of the Rum R„ and the Elk R. The CO. is a rolling plain of over 1,000 feet eleva- tion. The soil of the bottom-lands is very productive. The St. Paul & Pacific R. R. ex tends along the Mississippi R., terminating at Sauk Rapids, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 3,541 bush.; rye, 248 bush.: In- dian-corn 5,036 bush.; oats, 7,672 bush.; Irish pot's, 5.312 bush.; butter, 17,6-20 lbs.; hay, 1,535 tons. Cash value of farms, $73,450. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $37,765. Value of manufactures, $5,300. Benton, new co. in Miss , N part. This county has been formed of parts of Marshall and Tip- pah counties. It is drained by Tippah Cr. The surface is level and the soil productive. Ash- land is the CO. seat. I BENTON. 117 BENWOOD. Benton, co. in Mo., central paxt. Area, v'08 s(i. mis Pop. 11,322 ; in 1860, 8,473. The sur- face is mostly undulating and consists of prairies. The Osage R. intersects the co. from W. to E., and receives Grand R. with Teba Cr. from the W., Camp Cr. from the N., and Pomme de Terre R. from the S. The soil Is fertile. Warsaw is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductioiM in 1870: Wheat, 122,852 bush.; rye, 1,846 hush.; Indian-corn, 358,9.59 bush.; oats, 120,918 bush.; Irish pot's, 24,740 bush.; sweet pot's, 484 bush.; butter, 159,1(37 lbs.; hav. 2.926 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,44S,509. Total, ej^timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., !ii575,239. Value of manufactures, $83,571. Benton, co. in Oreg. W. part. Area about 1,012 sq. nils. Pop.,4,.58t; in 1880, 3,fJ74. It ex- tends from the coast or the Pacific Ocean in the W. to the Willamette R., a tributarj^ of Columbia, in the E. The central part is moun- tainous and hilly. Tlie eastern part includes a section of the low and very ft-rtile valley of the Willamette, and is thus far the only settled district. The Yaquina and other small nvers drain the western part of the co. Corvallis is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 196,598 bush.; rve, 211 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,.343 bush.; oats, 146,233 bush.; Irish pot's, 38,320 bush.; butter, 100,800 lbs.: wool, 68,970 lbs.; hay, 4,176 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,480,433. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., ^17,- 063. Value of manufactures, §186,588. Benton, co. in Tenn., N. W. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 8,234 ; in 1860, 8,463. The Tennes- see R. forms the entire eastern boundary ; the Big Sandy R. part of the western. The co. has an average elevation of from 500 to 000 feet, a rolling sui-face and a moderately fertile soil. The Nashville & Northwestern R. R. in- tersects the CO. from E. to W. Camden is the CO. seat. Agr. i^rodu^ctions in 1870 : Wheat, 25,7.53 bush.; Indian-corn, 357,400 bush.; oats, 18,986 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,981 bush.; sweet pot's, 19,926 bush., tobacco. 412,435 lbs.; wool, 10,288 lbs.; cotton, 696 bales. Cash value of farms, $463,607. Total estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $599,786. Value of manufactures, $102,924 Benton, p. v. in Lowndes co., Ala., on the Western Alabama R. R., 19 mis. from Selma. Benton, tn.in Conway Co., Ark. Pop., .583. Benton, tn. in Fulton co.. Ark. Pop., 461. Benton, p. v. and co. seat of Saline co.. Ark., near the North Fork of the Saline R., 25' mis. S. W. of Little Rock. Benton, tn. in Mono co., Cal. Pop., 94. Benton, p. o. in the above tn. Benton, p. o. in Columbia co.,Fla. *'Benton, p. v and co. seat of Franklin co.. 111., 17 mis. E. of Du Quoin, on Illinois Central R. R., near Little Muddy R., in a rich farming district. One newspaper. Pop., 615. Benton, tn. in Lake co., 111. Pop., 640. Benton, tn. in Monroe CO., Ind. Pop.. 867. Benton, tn. iu Elkhart CO., Ind. Pop., 1,188. Benton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Elkhart R., 7 nils. S. E. of Goshen. Benton, p. o. in Mills co., Iowa. Benton, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 601. Benton, tn. in Des Moines CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,192. Benton, tn. in Fremont co., Iowa. Pop., 904. Benton, tn. m Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,309. Benton, tn. in Lucas CO., Iowa. Pop., 696. Benton, tn. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Pop., 367. Benton, tn. in Taylor co., Iowa. Pop., 1,055. Benton, tn. in Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 852. Benton, p. o. in Butler co., Kans. Benton, p. v. and co. seat of Marshall co., Ky., 19 nils. S. E. of Paducah. Pop., 165. Benton, p. o. in Bossier parish. La. Benton, tn. in Kennebec co., Me. Pop., 1,180. Benton, p. v. in the above tn., ^]^ mis. E. of Kendall's Mills on the Maine Central R. E. Benton, p. o. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Benton, tn in Eaton Co., Mich. Pop., 1,355. Benton, tn. in Carver co., Minn. Pop., 1,297. Benton, p. o. in the above tn. Benton, p. v. in Yazoo co.. Miss., 9 nils. E. ot Yazoo City, the co. seat. Benton, tn. in Adair co.. Mo. Pop., 3,369. Benton, tn. in Atchinson co.. Mo. Pop., 080. Benton, tn. in Cedar co., Mo. Pop., 1,130. Benton, tn. in Crawford CO., Mo. Pop., 1,184. Benton, tn. in Christian CO., Mo. Pop., .527. Benton, tn. in Dallas co.. Mo. Pop., 2,055. Benton, tn. in Douglas co., Mo. Pop., 379. Benton, tn. in Daviess co , Mo. Pop., 1,199. Benton, tn. in Holt co.. Mo. Pop., 2,226. Benton, tn. in Howell co.. Mo. Pop., 809. Benton, tn. in Knox co.. Mo. Pop., 1,602 Benton, tn. in Linn co., Mo. Pop., 696. Benton, tn. in Newton CO.. Mo, Pop,, 988. Benton, tn. in Osage co., Mo, Pop., 2,513. Benton, tn. in Polk CO., Mo. Pop., 1,650. Benton, p. v. in Scott co.. Mo., 16 mis. S. S. W. of Cape Girardeau. Benton, tn. in Webster co.. Mo. Pop., 768. Benton, tn. in Wajme co., Mo. Pop., 1,291. Benton, p. o. in Saunders CO., Nebr. Benton, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 375. Benton, p. v. in the above tn., 7J^ mis. B. of North Haverhill. Benton, tn. in Yates co., N. T. Pop., 2,422. Benton, p. V. in Holmes co., Ohio, 5 mis. N. E. of Millersburgh. Benton, tn. in Ottawa co,, Ohio. Pop., 1,152. Benton, tn.in Hocking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,448. Benton, tn. in INIonroe co , Ohio. Pop., 987. Benton, tn. in Paulding co,, Ohio. Pop., 404. Benton, tn. in Pike co,, Ohio, Pop., 1,119. Benton, tu. in. Columbia co.. Pa. Pop., 1,053. Benton, p. o. in the above tn. Benton, tn. in. Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop. 1,055. Benton, p. v. and the co. seat of Polk co., Tenn,, 13 mis, from Cleveland. Pop,, 250. Benton, tn, in La Fayette co.. Wis. Pop., 1.723. Benton, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. N. of Galena, 111. Benton Centre, p. v. in Y'ates co., N. Y., 5 mis. N. of PeniiYaii. Benton City, p. v. in Audrain co.. Mo. *Benton Harbor, p. v. in Berrien co., Mich., on St. Joseph R. and near Lake Michigan and the Michigan & Lake Shore R. R., 27 mis. N. E. of New Buffalo. Rich agricultural district, producing grain and fruit. It is a shipping point for lumber and wheat. It has large manufactories and one newspaper. Pop., 661. Benton Ridge, p. o. in Hancock co., Ohio. Benton's Ferry, p.o. in Livingston parish, La. Benton's Ferry, p. v. in Marion co., AV. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 17 mis. from Grafton. Benton's Port, p. v, in Van Buren co,, Iowa, on the Des Moines Valley R, R,, 38 mis. N. W. of Keokuk ; has manufactories and local trade. One newspaper. Pop. about 600. Benton Station, p. o. in Benton CO., Tenn. *Bentonville, p. v. and co. seat of Benton co.. Ark., 32 mis. N. of Fayetteville, and ISO mis. from Little Rock. Rich farming district. It has tobacco factories and one newspaper. Benton ville, p. v. in Fayette co.,Ind., on a branch of the Jefferson, Madison & Indiana- polis R, R,, 6 nils, S. E. of Cambridge City. Benton ville, p. v. in Adams co., Ohio, 5 mis. S. W. of West Union. Ben ton ville, p. o. in Warren co., Va. Bent's Fort, p. o. in Bent co., Colo. Benvenne, p. v. in Dauphin co., Pa., on Dun- can's Island, at the junction of the Susque- hanna and Juniata rivers, and on the Susque- hanna Canal. Benville, p. o. in Jennings co,, Ind. Ben Wade, tn. in Pope co., Minn. Beuwood, p. V. in Marshall co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 4 mis. from Wheel- BENZIE. 118 BERKSHIRE. Benzie, co. in Midi., N. W. part. Area ai)ont 330 sq. mis. Pop., 2,1?4. It borders In tlie W. on Luke Michigan. Tlie surface is sligliMy unilulatiiiK ami tlie soil productive. Tlie Bctsie R. intersects the co. and empties into Lak(' Michigan. It is the outlet of several small lakfs. Frankfort is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 8,980 bush.; r>-e, 2,010 bush.; Indian-corn, 1.5,079 bush.; oats, 3,001 bush.; Irish pot's, 48,'263 bush.; butter, 18,870 lbs.: hay, 6.58 tons. Cash value of farms, $43.'),0'.i0. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $Hii,S77. Value of manufactures, $16,568. Bcnziit$::er, hi. in Elk co.. Pa. Pop., 1,630. Iteiizoiiia, tn. in Benzie co., Mich. Pop., 214. UeiizoBiia, p. v. in the above tn., on Crystal Lake, 8 mla. E. of Frankfort and 130 mis. N. of Grand Jtapids. One newspaper. Beowawe, v. in Lander co.. Nev., on the Cen- tral Pacillc II. R., 51 mis. AV. of Elko. Berdan, p. v. in Greene co., 111., il4 ™ls. by railroad S. of Whitehall. Berea, p. v. in Madison co., Ky., 15 mis. from Richmond. Berea, p. o. in Granville co., N. C. *Berea, p. v. In Cuyahoga co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Central R. R., 13 mis. S. W. of Cleveland, and on the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis K. R. branches, 125 mis. N. E. of Columbus. Pop., 1.082. It is the seat of Wallace College and Baldwin University, and has manufactories, grindstone quarries and two newspapers. Pop., 1,028. Berea, p. o. in Ritchie co., W. Va. Bereiido, p. o. in Fresno co., Cal. Berg;cn, co. in N. J., N. E. part. Area, 231 sq. mis. Pop., 30,122 ; in 1860, 21,618. It borders in the E. on the Hudson R., which separates it from K. V. The ridge of trap rock, which skirts the Hudson and is known as the Pali- sades, turns the drainage of the co. into Newark B., which receives the Ilaekensack and Passaic Rs. The latter intersects the CO., and then forms part of the S. W. boun- dary. The surface is greatly diversified with ranges of hills and broad plains. The soil is fertile, particularly along the streams. The Eric 11. R., with its" branch to Hackensack, in- tersects the CO. Hackensack is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 8,788 bush.; rve, 31,719 bush.; oats, 45,533 bush.; Indian-corn, 14(J,140 bush.; Irish pot's, 209,162 bush.; sweet pot's, 135 bush.; butter, 323,919 lbs.; hay, 18,208 tons. Cash value of farms, $19,143,150. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,405,968. A' a hie of manufactures, $5,325,072. Bergfen, p. o. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Bcrseii, tn. in McLeod co., Minn. Pop., 588. Bcrs'cn, p. o. in the above tn. Bergen, p. v. in Hudson co., N. J., on Bergen Ridge. 3 mis. W. of New York city. Bergen, tn. in Genesee co., N. Y. Pop., 1,997. ♦Bergen, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York Central R. R., 17% mis. W. of Roches- ter. Bergen, tn. in Marathon co., Wis. Pop., 86. Bergen, tn. in Vernon co.. Wis. Pop., 795. Bergen Point, p. v. in Hudson co., N. J., 2 mis. W. of Jersey City. Berger, p. v. in Franklin co.. Mo., on the Pa- cilie R. R.. 75 mis. AV. of St. Louis. Berger's Store, p. o. in Pittsylvania co., Va. Berge's Oap, p. o. in Wise co., Va. Berglioltz, p. v. in Niagara co., N. Y., 2 mis. N. E. of Lasalle. BerKeley, co. iii W. Va., N. E. part, bordering on Md. AriM about 250 sq. mis. Pop., 14,900; in I860. 12,,525. It is bounded on the N. E. by the Potomac R., on the S. E. by the Opequan R. and on the N. W. by Cherry Cr. It is tra- versed by a number of mountain ranges trending 'S. W. and N. E., as the Applepie Ridge, North Mt.and Third Hill Mt. The Black Cr., a tributary of the Potomac, drains t lie valley between the two last named ranges. The soil of the valleys is very fertile. The mountains are covered with forests. The Baltimore & Ohio R. R. passes through the CO. Martinsburgh is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 290,975 busli.; rye, 0,205 bush.; Indian-corn, 297,'539 bush.; oats, 107,.588 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,738 busfl.; butter, 239,493 lbs.; hay, 8,529 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,487,717. Total, estimated, value ot all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,120,041. Value of manufactuics, $1,101„525. Berkeley, p. o. in Alameda co., Cal. Berkeley, tn. in Spottsylvania co., Va. Pop^ 1,801. Berkeley Springs or Bath, p. v. and co. scat of Morgan co., W. Va., in Spring Creek Vallej- of the Cacapon Mts., Gmls. S. of Han- cock, Md. It lies 3 mis. from the southern bank of the Potomac R., and is noted for its ■warm springs (74° Fahr.), which are much frequented by sutferers fromneural>;ia, rheu- inutisin, dyspepsia and kindred disorders. The village has one newspaper and 407 inhabi- tants. Berkey, p. o. in Lucas co., Ohio. Berkley, ji. o. in Madison co., Ala. Berkley, tn. in Bristol co., Mass. Pop., 744. Berkley, p. o. in the above tn. Berkley's, p. o. in Somerset eo.. Pa. Berks, co. in Pa., E. ])art. Area, 920 sq. mis. Pop., 106,701 ; in 1860, 93,818. It is bounded on the N. by the Blue or Kittatinny Mts., and the S. E. part is traversed by the South Mt., a prolongation of the Virginia Blue Ridge. The greater part of the surface is diversified by low hills and fertile valleys. The largest stream is the Schnylkill R., which enters tlie CO. from the N. and intersects it iri a southerly direction. Its tributaries are the Tulpeliocken Cr., Little SwataraCr., IMaiden Cr. and Mana- tawnej' Cr. There are rich coal and iron mines in this eo., and some copper is also found. The co. is intersected by the Reading & Columbia R. R., several branches of the Pennsylvania Central R. R. ; the Schuylkill Canal and the Union Canal. Reading is tire CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 930,653 bush.; rye, 281,867 bush.; oats, 1,425,157 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,'267,194 bush.; Irish pot's, 400,846 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,675 bush.; butter, 2,658,031 lbs.; hay, 114,651 tons. Cash value of farms, $43,038,405. Total, estimatcil, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $9,150,789. Value of manufactures, $10,24:U.53. Berkshire, eo. in Mass., forms the W. ex- tremity of the state. Area about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 64,827; in 1860, .55,120. It is bounded on the W. by N. Y., on the S. by Conn., and on the N. by V't. The Taconic or Taghcanic Mts. treiii"! along the western boundary; the Uoo- sac Mts. traverse the E. part of the county from N. to S. Between these two ranges is the beautiful valley of the Housatonic II., which, with its tributaries, drains the larger pai't of the CO. The scenery is justly fatuous for its picturesque beauty, and attracts many tourists as well as residents from other parts of the state. The soil of the valleys is pro- ductive. The Troy & Boston R. R., the Bos- ton & Albany R. R. and the Housatonic P.. K. intersect the CO. Pittsfleld isthe co. seat. A.gT. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,793 bush.; rye. 35,903 bush.; Indian-corn, 1.5(>,384 bush.; oats, 248,642 bush.; Irish pot's. 3.55,07o bush.; butter, 1,038,751 lbs.: hay, 84,790 tons. Cash value of faians, $12,106,277. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,063,408. Value of manufactures, .$20,444 225. Berkshire, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., on BERKSHIRE. 119 BERRIEN. the Pittsfleld & North Adams R. R., 6 mis. Irom PittsfieUL Berkshire, tn. in Tioga co , N. Y. Pop., 1,240. Berkshire, p. v. in t lie above tn., on the South- ern Central R. R., 16 mis. N. of Ovvego. Berkshire, tn. in Delaware CO., Ohio. Pop., J. mi. Berkshire, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. W. of Sunl)ury. Berkshire, tn. in Franklin CO., Vt. Pop., 1,609. Berkshire, p. v. in the above tn., 53^ mis. N. of Knosbnrgh Falls. Berkshire Valley, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. Berlin, tn. in Hartford CO., Conn. Pop., '2,436. Berlin, p. v. in the above tn., on the N<^w Ha- ven & Hartford R. R., 25 mis. fi-om New Haven, and 11 mis. from Hartford. The R. R. to Mid- dletown connects here. Berlin, tn. in Bureau co., 111. Pop., 1,469. Berlin, p. v. in Sangamon co.. 111., on the To- ledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 17 mis. W. of Springfield. Berlin, p. v. in Clinton co., Ind , 15 mis. from Tipton. Berlin, tn, in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 805. Berlin, p. o. in Hardin co,, Iowa. Herlin, p. o, in Riley co , Kans, Berlin, p. o, in Bracken co., Ky. *Eerlin, p. V. in Woreesier co., Md., on the W icomico & Pocomoke R. R., 23 mis. from Sal- isbury. Pop., 607. Berlin, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,016. Berlin, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston, Clinton & Fitchburg R.R., 10 mis. from Marl- borough, and 18 mis. from Fitchburg. Berlin, p. v. in Ottawa co., Mich., on the Detroit & Milwaukee R.R., 9 mis. W. from Grand Rapids. Berlin, tn. in Ionia co., Mich. Pop., 1,587. Berlin, tn. in Monroe co., Mich. Pop., 1,844. Berlin, tn. in St. Clair CO., Mich. Pop., 1,231. Berlin, tn in Steele co., Minn. Pop., 409. Berlin, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. S. W. of Owatonna. Berlin, tn. in Cass co., N. H. Pop., 529. Berlin, p. v. in Camden co., N. J., on the Cam- den & Atlantic R. R., 10 mis. E, of Haddon- tield. Berlin, tn. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Pop., 2,088. ♦Berlin, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Ben- nington & Rutland R. R., 13 mis. from Hoosic Corners. Berlin, tn. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., 1,007. Berlin, p. v. in the above tn., 12mls. VV.of MU- lersburg. Berlin, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 1,330. Berlin, v. in the above tn., on the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 20 mis. N. of Columbus. Berlin, tn. in Erie co., Ohio. Pop., 1,745. Berlin, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 887. Berlin, tn, in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 963. Berlin, p. v. in Somerset co., Pa., 9 mis. S. E. of Somerset. Berlin, tn. in Wayne co., Pa. Pop., 1,295. Berlin, p. v. in Marshall co., Tenn., 3 mis. N. of Lewisburgh, the co. seat. Berlin, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., 1,474. Berlin, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. of Mont- peller. Berlin, p. o. in Southampton co., Va. Berlin, tn. in Green Lake co.. Wis. Pop., 3,800. *Berliu, p. v. in the above tn., on the Fox R.; is the terminus of a branch of the Milwatikee St. Paul R. R., 12)4 mis. N. W. of Ripon ; has considerable commerce, two newspapers, and 2,777 inhabitants. Berlin, tn. in Marathon co.. Wis. Pop., 879. Berlin and Ivor, tn. in Southampton co., Va. Pop., 2,()74. Berlin Centre, p. v. in Mahoning co., Ohio, 7 mis. from Damascus. Berlin Cross Boads, p. v. in Jackson co., Ohio on Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 6 mis. N. E. of Jackson. Berlin Falls, p. v. in Coos co., N. H., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 7 mis. from Gorham. *Berlin Heig-hts,^ p. v. in Erie co., Ohio, 3 mis. S. of Berlin Station, on the Lake Shore R. R. Berlin Station, v. in Erie co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore R. R., 13^ mis. E. of Sandusky. Berlinsville, p. o. in Northampton co., Pa. Berlinville, p. v. in Erie CO., Ohio, 2 mis. S. of Berlin Heights. Berinnda, tn. in Chesterfield co., Va. Pop., 877. Bernindian, p. v. in Adams CO., Pa., 5 mis. E. of Yorli: Sidpliur Springs. Bernadotte, tn. in Fulton co., lU. Pop., 1,2.53. Bernadotte, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. by R. R. N. of Vermont. Bernadotte, tn. in Nicollet co., Minn. Pop., 214. Bernalillo, co. in N. Mex., N. W. part. Area, 3,625 sq. mis. Popl, 7,.591 ; in ISfiO, 8,769. This co. is traversed by several ranges of the Rocky Mts., between which is the vallej' of the Rio Grande. The Rio Puerco and Rio. de San Josg, tributaries of this river, intersect the central and western parts of the co. A large portion of its area consists ot deserts. The bottom- lands along the streams are productive, wher- ever thej' can be irrigated, Albuquerque is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. 18,300 bush.; oats, 275 bush.; Indian-corn, 31,505 bush.; Irish pot's, 50 bush.; butter, 500 lbs.; hay, 104 tons. Cash value of farms, $144,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $179,- 099. Value of manufactures, $18,170. Bernalillo, p. v. m Bernalillo co., N. Mex., ou the Uio Grande, 17 mis. N. ot Albuquerque. Pop., 745. Bernard, p. o. in Chicot co.. Ark. Bernard, p. o. in Brunswick co., N. C. Bernardo, p. o. in San Diego co., Cal. Bernard's, tn. in Somerset co., N. J. Pop., 2,369. Bernardston, tn. in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 961. Bernardston, p. v. in the above tn., on the Connecticut R. and the Connecticut River R. R., 7 mis. S. of South Vernon and 43 mis. N. of Springfield. Bernardsville, p. o. in Somerset co., N. J. Berne, p. o. in (Jamden co., Ga. Berne, p. o. in Adams co., Ind. Berjie, p. o. in Dodge co., Minn. Berne, tn. m Albany co., N. Y. Pop., 2,562. Berne or Bernvilie, p. v. in the above tn., 2414 mis. W. of Albany. Beriie, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,014. Berne, tn. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Pop., 3,0.')6. Berne, p. v. in Noble co., Ohio, on the Cincin- nati & Zanesville R. R., 37 mis. W. of Zanes- ville. • Berne, tn. in Berks CO., Pa. Pop., 2,124. Bernhard's Bay, p. v. in Oswego CO., N. T., on Oneida Lake and the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., I314 mis. N. W. of Oneida. Bernice, p. o. in Sullivan co., Pa. Bcrnville, p. v. in Berks co., Pa., 14 mis. N. W. of Reading. Bero, p. o. in Cherokee co., Kans. Berrien, co. in Ga., S. part. Area about 775 sq. mis. Pop., 4,518 ; in 1860, 3,475. The Alla- paha R. intersects its N. E. corner, and then forms the eastern boundary. I.,ittle R. forms the western. The Withlacoochee R., an af- fluent of the latter, intersects the co. from N. to S. The surface is low and level ; the soil mostly sandy and but moderately produc- tive. Nashville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Indian-corn, 76,976 bush.; oats, 41,184 bush.; Irish pot's, 449 bush.; sweet pot's, 55,875 bush.; rice, 119,462 lbs.; butter, 16,136 lbs.; cotton, 671 bales. Cash value of farms, |132,- 772. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $340,059. Value of manufactures, $19,774. BERRIEN. 120 BETHEL. Berrien, co. in Mich., forms the S. W. extremi- ty of the state. Area about 5(50 sq. mis. Pop., 3.5,101 ; in 18G0, 22,378. It borders on Lake Michi- gan. The surface is uniiulatirg, and consists chiefly of prairies. The St. Joseph's R. flows througli tlie co. from S. to N., and receives tlie Pawpaw R. and other tributaries. Tlie S. AV. part is drained by tlie Gallien R., which emp- ties into Lake Michigan. The valley of the St. Joseph's R. contains the richest part of the CO., and is heavily timbered. Jierrien Springs is the CO. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 44(5,800 bush.; rye, 3,401 bush.; Indian- corn, 469,705 bush., oats, 178,217 bush.; Irish pot's, 282,503 bush.; wool, 90,769 lbs.; butter,548,- 959 lbs.; hay, 27,054 tons. Cash value of farms, $14.958,.851. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock. etc., |2,670,107. Value of manufactures, $2,030,930. Berrien, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., 1,405. Berrien Centre, p. o. in the above tn. *Berrien Springs, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the St. Joseph R., 17 mis. S. E. of St. Joseph ; is an agricultural tn., and has considerable trade. Berry, p. o. in Sangamon co.. 111. Berry, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 1,155. Berry Ilill, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. C. Berryiuau, tn. in Joe Daviess co.. 111. Pop., 559. Berrysbnrgh, p. v. in Dauphin co.. Pa., IQi^ mis. N. E. of Millersburg. Berry's Liick, p. v. in Butler co., Ky., on the Kentucky Central R. R., 53 mis. from Cov- ington. Berry's Mill, p. v. in Franklin CO., Me., 12 mis. W. N. W. of North Jay. Berry's Station, p. v. in IIarrisonco.,Ky.,on the Kentucky Central R. R., 53 mis. from Co- vington. Pop., 225. Berry sville, p, v. in Highland co., Ohio, 7 mis. S. E. of Hillsljorough. Berryton, p. o. in Cass co., 111. Berry vale, p. o. in Siskiyou co., Cal. Berry ville, p. v. in Carroll co.. Ark., 20 mis. from Can-ollton. Berry ville, p. o. in Wayne co., Ky. Berryville, p. o. in Henderson co., Tex. Berry ville, p. v. and co. seat of Clarke co., Va., 11 nils. E. of Winchester. One newspa- per. Pop., .580. Bertie, co. in N. C, N. E. part. Area about 8,50 sq. mis. Pop., 12,950 ; in 1860, 14,310. It is bounded by the Roanoke R. on the S. and W., and by the" Chowan R, on the E. The S. E. ex- tremity borders on Albemarle Sound. Wic- kaeon R., an affluent of the Chowan, drains the northern section of the co.; the Casliic R. Intersects it from N. W. to S. E. The surface is low and level ; the soil productive, except Avhere covered with swamps. Windsor is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,941 bush.; Indian -corn, 300,314 bush.; oats, 11, .522 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,759 bush.; sweet pot's, 54,599 bush.; cotton, 5.055 bales; butter, 10,654 lbs.; liav, 1,934 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,036,101. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .'}i^(;2,.509. Value of manufactures, $62,749. Bertram, tn. in Linn co., Iowa. Pop., 827. Bertram, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chica- go & Northwestern R. R., 9 mis. E. of Cedar Rapids. Bertran<1, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., 1,522. Bcrtrand, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. .Joseph 11., 3'-^ mis. 8. ot Niles. Bcrville, p. o. in St. Clair co., Mich. Berwiek, tn. in Warren co.. 111. Pop., 1,066. Berwick, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. of Cameron, on the Peoria & Burlington R. R. Berwick, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 2,291. Berwick, p. v. in the above tn., near the Pis- cataqua k., opposite Great Falls, N. II. It has several manufactories. Berwick, p. v. in Seneca co., Ohio, on the Cin- cinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. K., 9 mla. S. of Tiffin. Berwick, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 507. Berwick, p. v. in Columbia co.. Pa., on the Lackawanna & Bloomsburg R. R., 13 mis. N. E. of Bloomsburg and 43 mis. from Scranton. Pop., 923. Berzelia, p. v. in Columbia co , Ga., on the Georgia R. R., 21 mis. W. of Augusta. Bessville, p. o. in Bollinger co.. Mo. Best Station, p. o. in Wayne co., N. C. Beta, p. o. in Fulton co., Ohio. Betbalto, p. V. in Madison co.. 111., on the Terrc Haute & St. Louis R. R., 9 mis. S. of Bun- ker IIUl. Here the R. R. leaves tlu; iirairi© and enters the " American Bottom," the rich alluvial land between the Mississippi R. and the Blulfs. Bethania, p. v. in Forsyth co., N. C. Bethany, tn. in New Haven co.. Conn. Pop., 1,135. Bethany, p. o. in the above tn. Bethany, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ga. Bethany, p. o. in Osborne co., Kans. Bethany, tn. in Gratiot co., Mich. Pop., 1,462. Bethany, tn. in Harrison co.. Mo. Pop., 2,460. *Bethany, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Big Cr., an affluent of Grand R., and 27 mis. N of Gallatin. Has much local trade and two newspapers. Bethany, tn. in Genesee co., N. Y. Pop., 1,652. Bethany, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. S. E. of Batavia. Bethany, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, 10 nils. B. of Hamilton. Bethany, p. v. in AVaync co.. Pa., S]4 mis. N. N. W. of Honesdalc. 'Pop., 202. Bethany, p. o. in York district, S. C. *Bethauy, p. v. in Brooke co., W. Va., on Buf- falo Cr., 4 mis. S. E. of Wheeling. Bethany Church, p. o. in Iredell co., N. G. Bethel, p. o. in Wilcox co., Ala. Bethel, tn. in Fairfleld co.. Conn. Pop., 2,311, Bethel, p. V. in the above tn., on the Danbury & Norwalk R. R., 3 mis. from Danbury. It has manufactories. The Shepaug Valley R. R. branches olf from this place. Bethel, tn. in McDonough co.. 111. Pop.. 1,040. Bethel, tn. in Morgan co., 111. Pop., 1,468. Bethel, p. V. ia the above tn., 3 mis. N. W. of Chapin. Bethel, p. o. in Wayne co., Ind. Bethel, tn. in Posey co., Ind. Fop., 581. Bethel, p. v. in Fayette co., Iowa, 12 mis. W. of West Union. Bethel, p. o. in Marion co., Kans. Bethel, p. v. in Bath co., Ky., 7 mis. N. W. of Owingsville, the co. seat. Bethel, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 2,286. *Bethel, p. V. in the above tn., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 70 nils, from Portland. Bethel, tn. in Branch co., Mich. Pop., 1,511. Bethel, p. o. in the above tn. Bethel, tn. in Anoka co., Minn. Pop., 216. Bethel, p. o. in tlie above tn. Bethel, tn. in Shelby co.. Mo. Pop., 1,224. Bethel, p. v. in the above tn., 5>^ mis. N. of Shelbyville. Bethel, tn. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pop., 2,736. Bethel, p. v. in the above tn.,near White Lake and 12)4 mis. E. of Cochocton. Bethel, p. o. ia Pitt co., N. C. Bethel, p. V. in Clermont co., Ohio, 8 mis. S. E. of Batavia. Bethel, tn. in Clark co., Ohio. Pop., 3,086. Bethel, tn. in Miami co., Ohio. Pop., 1,801. Bethel, tn. in Monroe co., Ohio. Pop., 1,284. Bethel, p. V. in Polk co., Orcg., 13 mis. N. W. of Salem. Bethel, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 2,285. Bethel, p. v. in the above tn., 27>^ mis. N. W. of Reading. Bethel, tn. in Delaware co.. Pa. Pop., 554. Bethel, tn. in Fulton CO., Pa. Pop., 861. Bethel, til. in Lebanon co., Pa. Pop., 2,272. BETHEL. 121 BIBB. Betliel, p. o. iu York co., S. C. Bethel, p. o. in Anderson co., Tex. Betbel, p. v. in Giles co., Tenn., 4 mis. from Pros- pect Station on the Nashville & Decatur E. R. Bethel, p. o. in Anderson co.. Texas. Bethel, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 1,817. Bethel, p. V. in the above tn., on the Vermont Central R. R., 25^ mis. N. W. of White River Junction. Near it is a soapstone quarry. One newspaper. Bethel, tn. in Pendleton co., W. Va. Pop., 714. Bethel, p. o. in Mercer co., W. Va. Bethel Academy, p. o. m Fanquicr co., Va. Bethel Corners, p. o. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Bethel Spring's, p. v. in McNairy co., Tenn.. on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 23 mis. N. of Corim h , Miss. Pop. , 200. Bethel Station, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Bethesda, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Bethesda, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 211^ mis. W. of Bel- laire. Bethesda, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Bethesda, p. o. in AVilliamson co., Tenn. Bethlehem, p. o. in Chambers co., Ala. Bethlehem, tn. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Pop., 7.50. Bethlehem, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. W. of Waterbury. Bethlehem, tn. in Cass co., Ind. Pop., 993. Bethlehem, tn. in Clarke co.. Ind. Pop.. 763. Bethlehem, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ohio R., 121^ mis. E. of Otisco, on the Ohio and Mississijjpi R. R. Bethlehem, p. v. in Wayne co. , Iowa, 8 mis. N. E. of Corydon. Bethlehem, p. o. in Henry co., Ky. Bethlehem, p. o. in Caroline co., Md. Bethlehem, p. o. in Benton co.. Miss. Bethlehem, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 998. Bethlehem, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. E. of Littleton on the White Mountains R. R. Bethlehem, tn. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Pop., 2,211. Bethlehem, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Jersej' Central R. R., 10% mis. E. of Easton, Pa. Bethlehem, tn. in Albany co., N. Y. Pop., t;,9.30. Bethlehem, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 850. Bethlehem, tn. in Stark co., Ohio. Pop., 2,148. Bethlehem, tn. in Northampton co.. Pa. Pop., 2,230. »Bethlehem, p. borougliin the above tn., on the Lehigh Valley R. R., 9 mis. W. of Easton, and on the North Pennsylvania R. R., 55 mis. N. of Philadelphia. It was settled by the Moravian Brethren under Count Zinzendorf In 1741. The Moravian Boys' School and the Moravian Female Institute enjoy a deservedly high reputation. Pop., 4,512. It has manufac- tories, and in the vicinity are productive iron and coal mines. Five newspapers. Bethlehem, p. o. in Clarendon co., S. C. Bethlehem Centre, p. o. in Albany CO., N. Y. Bethlehem Hollow, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. Bethijage, p. o. in McDonald co.. Mo. Bettsville, p. v. in Seneca co., Ohio, 13 mis. N. by W. of Tiffin. Beulah, p. o. in Lee CO., Ala. Beiilah, p. o. in Clayton co., Iowa. Bcnlah, p. o. in Union co.. Miss. Beulah, p. o. in Prince William co., Va. Benlahville, p. o. in King William CO., Va. Be vans, p. o. in Sussex co., N. J. Beverly, tn. in Adams co.. 111. Pop., 1,173. Beverly, p. v. in the above tn., ^ mis. N. of Hadlcy on the Hannibal & Naples R. R. Beverly, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. Beverly, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop.. 6,507. Beverly, p. v. in the above tn., on the Eastern Massachusetts R. R., 18 mis. N. of Boston. It has large shoe manufactories and consider- able commerce. One newspaper. Beverly, p. v. in Macon co., Mo , on the Han- nibal & St. Joseph R. R., 34 mis. from Monroe. Beverly, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 2,438. *Beverly, p. v. in the above tn., on the Dela- ware R. and on the Camden & Amboy R. R., 14 mis. N. of Camden and 13 mis. S. of Borden- town. Preserved and canned fruit is shipped here. Has one newspaper and a United States hospital. Beverly, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. *Beverly, p. V. in Washington CO., Ohio, on the Muskingum R., 12% mis. S. E. of McCou- nellsville. Agricultural town. Beverly, tn. in Randolph co., W. Va. Pop., 847. Beverly, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seatj on Tvgarts Valley R., between Rich Mt. and Cheat Mt., and 19 mis. S. E. of Buckhannon. Beverly Farms, p. v. in Essex co., ISIass., on the Gloucester branch of the Eastern Massa- chusetts R. R., 4 mis. E. of Beverly. Beverly Manor, tn. in Augusta co., Va. Pop., 8,071. Beverly Station, p. o. in Platte co.. Mo., on the Missouri Valley R. R., 29 mis. from Har- lem. Bevier, tn. in Macon co.. Mo. Pop., 1,531. Bevier, p. v. mthe above tn., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 45 mis. from Jlonroe. Bevington, p. o. in Madison co., Iowa. Bevis Tavern, p. o. iu Hamilton co., Ohio. Bewleyville, p. v. in Breckinridge co., Ky., 15 mis. E.of Hardinsbur^, the co. scat. Pop., 96* Bexar, co. iu Tex., S. W. part. Area about 1,450 sq. mis. Pop., 16,043 ; iu ISCO, 14,4.54. The surface consists of level plains, which are di- versified by picturesque hills. Prairies pre- dominate largely over the forest lands, which are mostly confined to the river bottoms. The soil in some parts is very fertile, and the climate salubrious. The San Antonio R. forms the N. E. boundary. Tlie Medina R., a tribu- tary of the Nueces, forms part of the western boundary, and traverses the southern part of the CO. Its largest tributaries are tlie Leon Cr. and Salado Cr. San Antonio is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: "Wheat, 215 bush.; rye, 369 bush.; Indian-corn, 81,997 bush.; Irish pot's, 268 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,409 bush.; butter, 22,952 lbs.; hay, 229 tons. Cash value of farms, $256,129. Total, estimated, value of- all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $326,597. Value of manufactures, $132,010. Bexar, p. o. in Marion co., Ala. Bibb, CO. in Ala., central part. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop., 7,469; in 1860, 11,804. The surface is hillj^ and the soil inotlerately fer- tile. The Cahawba R. flows through the co. from N. to S., and receives several tributa- ries, as Shultz Cr., Haysoppy Cr. and Alfonee Cr. The Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R. inter- sects the eastern part of the co. from N. to S. Centreville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 6,826 bush.; rye, 136 bush.; In- dian-corn 82,620 bush.; oats, 13,645 bush.; Irish pot's, 352 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,554 bush.; cot- ton, 3,973 bales ; butter, 7,395 lbs. Cash value of farms, $295,110. Total, estimated, yalue of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $273,777. Value of niauufactures, $113,252. Bibb, CO. in Ga., central part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop., 21,255 ; in 18G0, 16,291. The Oc- mulgee R. forms parts of the eastern bound- ary, and partly intersects the co.; the Echa- connee R., which joins the Ocmulgee at the southern extremity, forms the S. W. bound- ary ; Tobesoska Cr. drains the co. The sur- face is undulating, and, except along the lin-e of the streams, is poor. The co. is intersected by the JNUicon & Western R. R., the Macon & Brunswick R. R., the Muskogee R. R., and the Georgia Central R. R., all of which terminate BIBB MILLS STATION. 122 BIG HILL. at Macon, the co. seat. Agr. productions in i 1870 : Wheat, l,0.iO bush.; rve, 105 bush.; Indian- corn, 148,6ti0 bush.; oats, 4,310 bush.; Irish pot's, 460 bush.; sweet pot's, 4U.975bush.; cotton, i;,093 bales ; butter, 4-2,400 )l>s. Cash value of farms, $1,388,754. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock,etc., IloLj,!;;;;!. Value of manufactures, $1,497,301. Bibb Mills Station, p. o. in Bibb CO., Ala. Bibbvillc, ii. o. in Biijbco., Ala. Bible tirove, tn. in Clay co., 111. Pop., 898. Bible Orove, p. o. in tlie above tn. Bible Grove, p. o. in Scotland co.. Mo. Biekley's Mills, p. o. in Russell co., Va. Bickiicll, p. o. in Knox CO., Ind. *Bid. Bis Bei»ver, tn. in Lawrence CO., Pa. Pop., l,4f»6. Big Beaver Island, in the jST. part of Lake Michigan ; is th(; largest of the Beaver Islands, wbieli form a part of Manitou CO., Mich. Big Bee, p. o. in Callaway co.. Mo. Biy- Bend, j). o. in Polk co.. Ark. Big Bend, p. o. in Jewell eo., Kans. Big- Bond, y>. o. in Avoyelles parish. La. Big Bend, p. o. in Cottonwood co., Minn. Big Bend, p. v. in Venango co., Pa., 5'^ mis. W. of Kmlenton, on the Alleghany River R. R. Big Bend, p. o. in Calhoun co., W. Va. Big Bend, p. v. m Waukesha co.. Wis., on Fox R., a braiicli of the Des Plaines R.,and 18 mis. S. W. of Milwaukee. Big Blaoli River, a tributary of tlie Missis- sippi It., in I hi! state of IMississippi, rises in Choctfiw Cr., and flowing s. W, joins the main stream at Grand Gulf. It sejiarates Carroll, Hobues, Yazoo, anil Warren counties on the N. W. from Attala, Madison, Hinds, and Clai- borne counties on the S. E. Big BlaeK River, a tributary of the White R., in Ark.; rises m the Ozark Mts. of Mo., unry Creek, p. o. in Fresno co., Cal. Bigelow, p. o. in Noble co., Minn. Bigclo-»v, p. V. in Holt co.. Mo., on tlie St. Jo- seph & Council Blufi' R. II., 39 mis. W. of St. .JoSl!pll. Big Falls, p. o. in Alamance co.,N. C. Big Flat, tn. in Searcy co.. Ark. Pop., 472. Big Flats, tn. in Chemung co., N. x. Pop., 1 ,902. Big Flats, p. V. in the above tn., on the Erie R. R., T':/, mis. E. of Corning, and on tlie Clie- mungR." Big Flats, tn. in Adams co., Wis. Pop., 80. Big Flats, p. o. in the above tn. Big Foot IPrairie, p. o. in Mc Henry co.. 111. Big Fork, tn. in Montgomery Co., Ark. Pop.,20U. Rig Fork, tu. in Polk co.. Ark. Pop., 274. Big Fork, p. o. in the aliove tn. Bigger, t n. in Jennings co., Ind. Pop., 945. Big Orove, tn. in Kendall CO., 111. Pop., 1,726. Big tirove, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 8.")' J, Big <«rove, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., l..-«^. Big O rove, p. v. in Pottawatomie co., Iowa, on the Nishnabotany B , 1'2 mis. E. of Council I'.lurts. Bigg's Station, p. v. in Butte co., Cal., on tlio Oregon Division of the Central Pacitic R. 14. 73 nils. N. of Sacramento. Biggsville, p. v. in Henderson co., 111., on tli; Chicago, Burlington & Quincy li. R., 28 inls. W. of Galesburg. Big Hill, p. o. in Madison co., Ky. Big Hill, p. o. in McNai-iy co., Tenn. BIG HILL. 123 BIG STONE. Big Hill, p. o. in Gonzales co., Texas. Big Hollow, p. o. in Greene co., N. Y. Big Horn, co. in Mont. Ter., S. E. part. Area, 17,816 sq. mis. Pop., 3S. The Yellow Stone R. foi-ms part of the S. boundary- then intersects the K. E. part of the co., receiving the Powder K. and other affluents. The co. is traversed by several mountain ranges. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 200 bush.; Irish pofs, 50 bush.; butter, 200 lbs.; hay, 20 tons. Cash value of farms, $250. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,200. nig Horn River, tributarj' of the Yellow Stone R., rises in Wyoming, and has a north- erly course along tl^e western base of the Big Horn Mts. It is thus far but little known. Big Indian, p. o. in Cass co., Ind. Big Indian, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. Big I<^land, p. o. in Bedford co.. Va. Big Island, tn. in Marion CO., Oliio. Pop., 940. Big Lake, tn. in Mississippi co., Ark. Pop., 211. Big I^ake, tn. in Sherburne co., Minn. Pop., 571. Bi.g Liake, p. v. in the above tn.. near the Mis- sissippi R. and on the St. Paul & Pacific R. 11., 48 mis. from St. Paul. Big l.aurel, p. o. in Madison co., N. C. Bigler, p. o. in Adams co.. Pa. Big ILevel, tn. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Pop., 1,.'J89. Big Lick, p. o. in Stanley co., N. C. Big Liick, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop., 1,179. Big I-iick, tn. in Roanoke co., Va. Pop., 2,592. *Big Iiick, p. V. in the above tn., on the Virginia & Tennessee R. R., 54 mis. from Lynchburg. Big Meadows, p. o. in PUnnas co.,'Cal. Big Mill Creek, small tributary of the Ohio R., in Jackson co., W. Va. Big Mound, tn. in Wayne co.. 111. Pop , 1,168. Big Mound, p. o. in Lee CO., Iowa. Big Muddy, p. o. in Eranklin co.. 111. Big Muddy River, tributary of the Missis- sippi R., in 111.; rises in .Jetferson co. and passes through Eranklin and Jackson cos. Big Neck, p. o. in Adams co.. 111. Big North rork, tn. in Fulton co.. Ark. Pop., 473. Big Korth Fork, p. o. in the above tn. Big Oak Flat, tn. in Tuolumne co., Cal. Pop., 1,249. Big Oak Flat, p. v. in the above tn., near the ■western base of the Sierra Nevada and on the Tuolumne R.; is 28 mis. E. of Oak Dale. Big Patch, p. V. in Grant co., Wis., 5 mis S. of Platteville. Big Pigeon River, tributary of the French Broad R., rises in Haywood co., N. C, traverses a picturesque valley between lofty mountains, then breaks through the great Unaka Range, and traversing Cocke co., Tenn., joins the Frencli Broad above Newport. Big Pine, p. o. in Inyo co., Cal. Big Piney, tn. in Pulaski co.. Mo. Pop., 541. Big Plain, p. o. in Madison co.. Ohio. Big Pond, p. o. in Sanford co., Ala. Big Pond, p. o. in Marion co.. Ark. Big Pond, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Big Prairie, tn. in Newaygo co , Mich. Pop., 403. Big Prairie, p. o. in the above tn. Big Prairie, tn. in New Madrid co.,Mo. Pop., 1,0S9. Big Prairie, p. v. in Wayne co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Ft. Wayne & Chicago R. R.,.40 mis. E. of Crestline. Big Rapids, tn. in Clarke co., Mich. Pop., 132. Big Rapids, tn. in Mecosta co., Mich. Pop., 1,702. Big Rapids, city in the above tn. and the CO. sear, ou the left bank of the Muskegan R., and on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 5ick, tn. in Indiana CO., Pa. Pop., 1,016. Black liick Station, p. v. in the above tn. on the Indiana Branch of Pennsylvania Cen- tral R. R., 4 mis. from Blairsville. Black L.ick, tn. in Wythe co., Va. Pop., 3,489. Blackinan, tn. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 1,170. Blacliman's Mills, p. o. in Sampson CO., N. C. Black Mingo, p. v. in W^illiamsburg district, S. C, ".Ti nils, from Ivingstree. Black Mountains, in N. C. See Blue Ridge. Black W;tk, p. o, in De Kail) co., Ala. Black Oak, p. o. in Caldwell co., Mo. Black Oak, ]i. o. in Hopkins co., Tex. Black Oak 5*oint, p. o. in Hiekorj^ co.. Mo. Black Oak Itidge, p. o. in Daviess co., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 32 mis. E. of Mitchell. Black Oak, tn. in Mahaska co., Iowa. Pop., It*;. Black Point, p. o. in Marion co., Cal. Black River, tributary of the Great Pedeo R. in S. C; rises in Kershaw district, flows S. E. through Sumter, Clarendon, and Williams- burg (listricts, and joins Hie Great Pedee at Gff)rgetown in Georgetown district. Black River, in Ch(;boygan co., Mich.; is the outlet of Cheboygan Lake, and drains Mul- lets Lake and Biirts l^ake. Black River, in Mich. ; rises in Sanilac co., passes through St. Clair co., and empties into Lake Huron. Black River, in N. Y. ; rises in Herkimer co., flows through Oneida, Lewis, andJeflerson COS. and empties into Lake Ontario. Black River, in Lorain co., Ohio: empties into Lake Eric, and lias a northerly course. Black River, tn. in Independence co., "Ark. Pop., l,;iJS. Black River, tn. in Lawrence co., Ark. Pop., 1,1.S>.I. Black River, tn. in Greene co., Ark. Pop., 131. Black River, tn. in Butler co.. Mo. Pop„ 492. Black River, tn. in Reynolds co.. Mo. Pop., 1.2.S0. Black River, tn. in Wayne co.. Mo, Pop. 743. Black River, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., 7 nils. E. of Watertown. Black River, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., ^■3S. Black River, p. v. in the above tn., on Lake Erie, 8 mis. N. \V. of Elyria. Black River, p. o. in King co., Wash. Ter. Black River €liapel, p. o. in New Hanover CO., N. I '. *Black River Fall«i, p. v. and the co. seat of Jackson co., Wis., on the Black R. and the West Wisconsin R. R., 33 mis. N. W. of Tomah and 186 mis. N. W. of Milwaukee; has numer- ous manufactories, lumber trade and one newspaper. Black Rock, p. v. in Fairfleld co.. Conn., on I^ong Island Sound, 2 mis. S. W. of Bridge-, port. Black Rock, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Black Rock, p. o. in Grant CO., W. Va. Blacks, p. o. in Lawrence co., Tenn. Blacks and Whites, p. v. in Nottoway co., Va., on the Atlantic, iMississippi & Ohio R. R., 37 nils. W.ol Petersburg. Blacksbarg, tu.in Montgomery co., Va. Pop., Blackshnrgli, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. of Chris tiausburg. Black's Gap, p. o. in Franklin co.. Pa. Blackshear, p. v. and the co. seat of Pierce CO., Ga., on the Atlantic & Gulf R. R., 86 nils. S. W. of Savannah. Pop., 490. Farming dis- trict, producing sugar-cane. One newspaper. Black's Mills, p. v. in Monmouth co., N. J., 4;^ mis. V/. of Freehold, the co. seat. Black's Springs, p. o. in Motgomery CO., Ark. Black Stocks, p. o. in Chester district, S. C. Blackstoiic, p. V. in Livingstone co.. 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 14 mis. W. of D wight. Blackstone, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., .5,421. Blackstone, p. v. in the above tn., on the Providence & Worcester R. R., 18 mis. N. of Providence, and on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 36 mis. from Boston. It has nu nierous manufactories. Black's Store, p. o. in Freestone CO., Texas. Blacksville, p. o. in Monongalia co., W. Va. Black Swamp, p. o. in Sandusky co., Ohio. Blackville, p. v. and the co. seat of Barnwell district, S. C, on the South Carolina R. R., ."jS nils. W. of Branchville. One newspaper. Black W.-ilnnt, p. o. in Ogle co., HI. Black Wafiiut, p. o. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Black Walnut, p. v. in Halifax co., Va., 3 mis. S. of Soul h I'.oston. Black Water, p. o. in Walker co., Ala. Black Water, p. o. in Sussex CO., Del. Black Water, p. o. in Morgan co., Ky. Blackwater, tn. in Cooper co., Mo. Pop.. 548. Black water, tn. in Pettis CO., Mo. Pop., I,(i03. Blackwater, tn. in Prince Geoi'ge Co., Va. Pop., '.ill. Black Waaler, tn. in Franklin co., Va. Pop., 1,7'.H). • Blackwater, tn. in Surry co., Va. Pop., 1,23a. Blackwater River, tributary of the Staun- ton U., in Franklin CO., Va.; rises in the Blue Ridge Mts. and has an easterly course. Blackwater River, tlie largest tributary of the Nottoway R., Va.; rises E. of Petersburg, in Prince George co., forms the boundary bo- BLACKWELL'S MILLS. 127 BLANCO. t'lveen Sussex and Southampton cos. on the "W., anil Surrey, Isle of AS''iglit and Nanse- mond COS. on the E., and joins the Nottoway near the southern boumlary of Va. Blacli well's Mills, p. o. iu Somerset eo., N. J. Blackwell's Station, p. o. in St. Francois CO., Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mt. K. R , 51 mis. S. of St. Louis. Black Wolf, tn. iu Winnebago CO., Wis. Pop., 847. Blackwoodtown, p. v. in Camden co., N. J., 11 mis. S. of Camden. Bladen, co. in N. C, S. E. part. Area about 9()0 sq. mis. Pop., 12,831 ; in ISfiO, 11,99.5. It is bounded on the N. E. by the South R., an af- fluent of the Cape Fear'R., which intersects it from N. W. to S. E., and receives Trumbull Cr. and other affluents. Gi-eat Cr., a tribu- tary of the Little Pedee, forms the west(!rn boundary : and Slade Cr. the southern. The surface is low and level ; the soil sandy but productive. The Charlotte & Rutherford R. R. passes through the co. Elizabethtown is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 83 bush.; rj^e, 84()bush.; Indian-corn, S6,98G bush.; oats, 3,214 bush.; Irish pot's, 882 bush.; sweet pot's, 68,123 bush.; butter, 2,814 lbs.; hay, 59 tons. Cash value of farms, $222,227. Total, estinif^ted, value of all farin productions, in- I eluding additions to stock, etc., $371,113. Value of manufactures, $323,014. Bladenboroug-h, p. v. i]i Bladen co., N. C, on tlie^Vihnington, Charlotte & Rutherford R. R., .54 nils, from Wilmington. Bladensburgii, p. o. in Wapello co., Iowa. Bladenslmrgli, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md., on the iSaltimore & Washington R. R., mis. X. of Washington. Bladensbivr^b, p. v. iu Knox co., Ohio, 10 mis. E. of Utiea. Bladen Spring's, p. v. in Choctaw co.. Ate.., on tlie Tomljigbee R., 5 mis. above Coffeeville. It Is a fashionable summer resort. Blain, p. v. iu Perry co., Pa., 20 mis. W. S. W. of New Bloomfleld. Blaine, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ky. Blain's Cross Roads, p. o. in Grainger co., Tenn. Blair, co. in Pa., S. W. part. Area 650 sq. nils. Pop., 38,051 ; in IS.'iO, 27,829. The Alleghany Mts. form the north-western boundaiy, and Tussey's Mt. the south-eastern. The central part of the co. is traversed by Brush Mt., Ca- noe Mt., Cock Mt., and Dunnings Mt. The vallej's which are Inclosed between these ranges are very fertile, and abound in pictur- esque scenery. Tlie b ranktown Branch of the Juniata R. intersects the co. from S. W. to N. E.. and receives several small tributa- ries, as Beaver Dam Cr. and Piuey Cr. The Little Juniata R. rises in the northern part, and washes a part of the north-eastern bound- ary. Sinking R. and Spruce Cr. are its chief tributaries. The Pennsylvania Central R. R. and its branches, to the'co. seat and Newry, pass through the co Hollidaysburgh is the CO. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: W^heat, 259,619 bush.; rye, 64,8,39 busli.; oats, 266,348 bush.; Indian-corn, 339 922 bush.; Irish pot's, 85,938 bush.; sweet pot's, 20 bush.; butter, 294,- 879 lbs.; hav, 20,677 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,098,146. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,40.3,796. Value of manufactures, $6,428,366. Blair, p. o. in Union co.. Dak. Blair, tn. in Clay co.. 111. Pop., 857. Blair, p. o. in Randolph co.. III. Blair, tn in Grand Traverse co., Mich. Pop., 3S3. Blair, p o. in Barry co.. Mich. * Blair, p. v. and the co. seat of Washington CO., Nebr., near the Missouri R. and the junc- tion of tlie Sioux Citj"^ & Pacific R. R. with the Omaha .t Northwestern R. R., 30 mis. N. of Omaha; in a farming district, producing much wheat and corn. One newspaper. Blair, tn. in Blair co , Pa. Pop., 1,571. Blair, p. o. in Hancock co., W. Va. Blairsbnrg, tn. m Hamilton co., Iowa. Pop., 310. Blairsburg, p. o. m the above tn. Blair's Corners, p. o. in Clarion co.. Pa. *BlaIrstown, p. v. in Benton co., Iowa, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 106 mis. W. ol Clinton ; is surrounded by a productive farm ing country. Blairstown, tn. in Warren co., N. J, Pop, 1,379. Blairstown, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pau- lin's R., and 14 mis. N. W. of Waterloo. Blairsville.p. v. and the co. seat of Union c( ,, Ga., 25 mis. N. of Dahlonega. RIairsville, p. o. in Williamson co,. 111. Blairsville, p. v. in Posey co., Ind., 14 inls. N. W. of Evansville. Blairsville, v. in St. Francois co., Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 49 mis. S. of Bismarck. ^Blairsville, p. v. in Indiana co , Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 3mls. from Blairs- ville .junction, which is 511 mis. E. of Pitts- burgh. Pop., 1,054. Blairsville, p. o. In York district, S. C. Blair's Wharf, p. o. in Prince George co., Va. Blakeley, v. in Baldwin co., Ala. ; is the ter- minus of the Mobile & Montgomery R, R., and lies near the mouth of the Tensas R., the east- ern mouth of the Mobile R. It is 13 mis. froni Jloliilc by steamer and 173 mis. from Mont- gomei'y. Blakeley, p. v. in Scott co., Minn., on the St Paul & Sioux City R. R., 52 mis. W. of St. Paul. Blakeley, p. o. in Kitsap co.. Wash. Ter. Blakely, p. v. in Early co., Ga., 35 mis. N. W. of Bainljridge, in a rich farming district, pro- ducing sugar-cane and sweet potatoes. One newspaper. Blakely, p. o. in Stokes co., N. C. Blakely, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 767. Blakesburg'li, p. v. in Wapello co., Iowa, 12 nils. \V. of Ottumwa. Blake's Ferry, p. o. in Randolph co., Ala. Blakesville, v. in Harrison co., Ind., on tlie Ohio R., 2.) mis., from New Albany. Blakeville, p. o. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Blakeville, v. in Cheshire co., N. H.,5mls. N. E. of ^Vinchendon, on the Cheshire R. R. Blancet, tn. in Scott co.. Ark. Pop., 32,5. Blanehard, tn. Piscataquis co., Me. Pop,, 164. Blanehard, p. o. in the above tn. Blancliard, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop., 1,304. Blanehard, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,2.50. Blanehard, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Pop., 1 ,,593. Blanehard, p. v. in Centre co.. Pa., on the Bald Eagle Branch of the Pennsylvania Cen- tral R. R. Blanehard River, tributary of the Maumee R. in Ohio; rises in Hardin co., and flows through Hancock, Putnam, Paulding and De- flance cos. Blanehardsville, p. v. in La Fayette co., Wis., 22 nils. E. of Mineral Point. Blanche, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn. *Blanehester, p. v. in Clinton co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 42 mis. E. of Cincinnati, in a fine agricultural district. In the vicinity are coal mines. Pop., 513. One newspaper. Blanehville, p. o. in Marshall co., Kans. Blanco, CO. m Texas, central part. Area about 1,200 sq. mis. Pop., 1,187 ; in 1860, 1,281. Its surface is pleasantly diversified by plains and hills, and consists chi>?fly of prairies, which afford excellent pasturage. The N. part is intersected bv the Perdinalcs R., the S. part by the Guadalupe R., both flowing from W. to E. Blanco is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,391 bush.; rye, BLANCO. 128 BLOOMFIELD. 871 bush.; Indian-corn, 42,830 busli.; Irish pot's, 200 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,215 bush.; cotton, 2.33 bales; butter, 40,977 lbs.; imy, 3 tons. Cash value of farms, $90,736. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, Including addi- tions to stock, etc., $66,077. Blanco, p. v. and the co. se.at in Blanco co., Tex., on Blanco Cr., a tributary of the San Marcos R., and 65 mis. S. W. of Austin. Blanco, p. o. in Monterey co., Cal. Bland, co. in Va., S. W. part. Area, 325 sq. mis. Pop., 4,000. It is traversed by several ranges ot the Alleghany Mts., trending S. W. and iST. E. and separated from each other by narrow but fertile valleys. Through one of them flows the North Fork of the Ilolstou R., ■which rises within the limits of the co. It is also drained by Wolf Cr. and Walkei-s Cr. Crab Orchard is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 16,518 bush.; rye, 4,064 bush.; Indian-corn, 42,057 bush.; oats, 28,392 bush.; Irish not's, 3,582 bush.; butter, 36.098 lbs.; tobacco, 2,440 lbs.; hay, 1,883 tons. Cash value of farms, $663,119. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $150,067. Value of manu- factures, $17,096. Bland, tn. in Prince George co., Va. Pop., 2,260. Bland Conrt Honse, or Cral> Orchard, p. V. and the co. seat of Bland co., Va., 22 nils. from Wytheville. Blandinsvllle, tn. in McDonough CO., 111. Pop., 1,707. *Blandinsvillc, p. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., 18 mis. W. of Bushnell, and 11 mis. E. of La Crosse; is a thriving agricultural town. Blandon, p. v. in Berks co.. Pa., on the East Pennsylvania R. R., 58 mis. W. of Allentown. Bland ville, p. v. and co. seat of Ballard co., CO., Ky., 4 mis. E. of the Mississippi R., and 33 mis. S. W. of Paducah. Pop., 385. Blanford, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 1,026. Blanford, p. v.in the above tn.,4^mls. W. of Russell, on the Boston & Albany R. R. Blanket Hill, p. o. in Armstrong co., Pa. Blauveltvillc, p. v. in Rockland co.,N.y., on a branch of the Erie R. R., 13Hmls. E. of Suf- fern. Blawenbnrgh, p. v. in Somerset co., N. J., 4 mis. AV. of Rocky Hill. Bleakwood, p. o. in Newton co., Tex. Bledsoe, co. in Tenn., S. E. part. Area about 475 sq. mis. Pop., 4,870; in 1860, 4,459. It forms a part of the Cumberland plateau, has .an uneven surface and a moderately fertile soil. The Sequatchie R. rises in the "N. part, and flows to the S. W. in a depressed and very productive valley. Pikeville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 21,966 bush.; rye, 2,078 bush.: Indian-corn, 201,667 bush.; oats, 21, ,5.50 bush.; Irish pot's, G,256 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,714 bush.; butter, 50,225 lbs.; to- bacco, 14,226 lbs.; hay, 356 tons. Cash value of farms, $702,880. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $387,703. Value ol manufactures, $16,879. Bledsoe, p. o. in Crittenden co.. Ark. BleecUcr, tn. in Fulton co., N. Y. Pop., 970. Bleccker, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. of Johnstown. Blencoe, p. o. in Monona co., Iowa. Blciidon, tn. in Ottawa co., Mich. Pop.. 718. Bleudon, p. v in the above tn., 15 mis. vV. of Grand Rapids. Blendou, tn. in Franklin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,771. Blendon, p. o. in the above tn. Blendon, tn. in Nottoway co., Va. Pop., 3,026. Blenbeim, tn. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Pop., 1,437. Bliss, p. o. la Miller co., Mo. Blissfield, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 1,766. *Blis mis. from Scranton and 147 mis. from Philadelphia. It has iron manufactories, and in the vicinity BLOOMSBUEGH. 130 BLUE MOUXD. rich farming landa. Three newspapers. Pop., 3,341. Bloomsbnrg-h, v. in Halifax co.,Va.,near the Richmond & Danville R. R., '20 mis. K. of Dan- ville. Bloomsbnry, p. v. In Hunterdon co., N. J., on the Xew Jersey Central R. R., V4, mis. S. E. of Phillipsburg. Bloouisdiile, p. o. in St. Genevieve co., Mo. Bloom Switch, p. o. in Scioto co., Ohio. Bloomville, p. v. in Delaware co., N. Y., 8 mis. N. E. of Delhi. Bloomville, p. v. In Seneca co., Ohio, 11 mis. S. E. of Tiffin. Bloserville, p. o. in Cumberland co.. Pa. Bloss, tn. in Tioga CO., Pa. Pop., 4,008. ^Blossbnrgli, p. v. in the above tn., on the Corning, Blossburgh & Tioga R. R., 17^ mis. S. of Tioga and 130 mis. from Harrisljurgh, and in a rich farming and iron mmiug dis- trict. One newspaper. Pop., 1,G00. Blossom, p. o. in Erie CO., N. Y. Blossom Prairie, p. v. in Lamar CO., Texas, 85 mis. from JMarshall; is an agricultural town. Blossvale, p. o. in Oneida co., N. Y. Blount, CO. in Ala., N. part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., i),945 ; in 1860, 10,805. The co. is traversed from S. W. to N. E. by two depres- sions known as Brown's Valley and Mur- phrey's Valley, on either side of which the surface is moilerately elevated and hilly. The soil of the valleys is productive ; the highlands are covered with deciduous for- ests. The largest stream is the Locust Fork of the Black Warrior R., which traverses the center of the co. from N. W. to S. E., passing through the highlands between the two val- leys above named. The western part is drained by the Mulberry Pork of the Black Warrior R. The Tennessee & Alabama R. R. passes through the co. from N. to S. Blounts- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 47,375 bush.; rye, 1,049 bush.; Imlian- corn, 206,553 bush.; oats, 12,779 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,709 bush.; sweet pot's, 31,578 bush.; cotton, 950 balfs; butter, 83,055 lbs.; hay, 03 tons. Cash value of farms, $049,291. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $572,045. Value of manufactures, SS4,504. Blount, CO. in Tenn., E. part. Area about 4,50 sq. mis. Pop., 14,237 ; in 1800, 13,270. The Iron Mts. and Great Smoky Mts., which are sec- tions of the lofty Unaka range, form the S. E. boundary and separate the co. from S. C. The Hoiston R. washes the north-western boundary and the Little Tennessee R. the south-western. The N. W. part of the co. belongs to the wide valley of East Tennessee, and has a very productive soil ; the S. E. part is mountainous, being occupied by the spurs and flanks of the great mountain range above named. The Chilowee Mts. traverse the cen- ter of the CO. Maryville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 107,829 bush.; rye, 774 bush.; Indian-corn, 384,583 bush.; oats, 104,- 501 bush.; Irish pot's. 2,180 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,520 bush.; butter, 129,535 lbs.; hay, 3,058 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,410,825. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $980,532. Value of manufactures, $327,920. Blount, tn. in Vermilion co.. 111. Pop., 1,5.32. Blount's Oreelc, p. o. in Beaufort co., N. C. Blount's Ferry, p. o. in Columbia co., Fla. Blount (Spring's, p. v. in Blount Co., Ala., 14 nils. S. W. of Bloiuitsville. Blountstown, p. o. in Calhoun co., Fla. Blountsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Blount CO., Ala., on a tributary of the Warrior R. Blountsville, p. v. in "Henry co., lud., 12 mis. N. E. of Newcastle. Blountsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Sullivan CO., Teim., S mis. W. by N. of Ujiion. Pop., 190. Blowing Rock, p. o. in Watauga co., N. C. Blue, tn. in Pottawattomie co., Kaus. Pop. 544. Blue, tn. in Jackson co.. Mo. Pop., 3,603. Blue Ball, p. o. in Butler co., Ohio. Blue Ball, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 15 mis. N. E. of Lancaster. Blue Bank, p. o. in Rowan co., Ky. Blue Bayou, tn. in Suvier co.. Ark. Pop., 840. Blue Bell, p. V. in Montgomery co.. Pa., 2 mis. W. of Penllyn on the North Pennsylvania R. R. Blue Canyon, p. o. in Placer co., Cal., on the Central PaeiHc R. R., 78 mis. E. of Sacramento. Blue t'reek, tn. in Adams co., Ind. Pop., 820. Blue Creek, p. o. in Franklin co., Ind. Blue Creek, p. o. in Adams co., Ohio. Blue Creek, tn. in Paulding co., Ohio. Pop., 103. Blue Eaj^le, p. o. in Clay co.. Mo. Blue £ar th, co. in Minn. , S. part. Area e.bout 750 sq. mis. Pop., 17,302; in 1800, 4,803. The Minnesota R. forms a part of the N. boundary and receives, within its limits. Perch R., Blue Earth R. and Le Sueur R. The surface is pleasantly diversified and the soil of the river valleys productive. The greater portion of the CO. consists of prairies. Mankato is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 725,879 bush.; rye, 3,559 bush.; Indian-corn, 198,000 bush.; oats, 4(>7,575 bush.; Irish pot's, 05,393 bush.: sweet pot's, 1,310 bush.; butter, 487,971 lbs.; haj^, 18,994 tons. Cash, value of farms, $5,133,375. Total, estimated,' value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,415,075. Value of manufactures, $500,222. Blue £artli City, tn. in Faribault co., ISIinn. Pop., 1,121. *Blue £arth City, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seatj on the Blue Earth R., and 25 mis. W. S. VV. of Wells, and 6 mis. from South- ern Minnesota R. R., in a rich prairie district. One newspaper. Pop., 1,121. Blue Earth Biver, tributary of the Minne- sota R., rises in the Walnut Lake, in Faribault CO., Minn., has a northerly course, and joins the Minnesota at South Bead. Blue Eye, p. o. in stone co.. Mo. Blue Grass, p. o. in Vermillion CO., 111., 25 mis. N. W. of Danville. Blue Orass, p. o. in Fulton CO., Ind. Blue Ciirass, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 1,420. Blue Orass, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Davenport. Blue Grass, tn. in Highland co., Va. Pop., 1,418. Blue Hill, p. o. in Mitchell co., Kans. Blue Hill, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 1,707. Blue Hill, p. V. in the above tn., on Blue Hill B., 14 mis. S. S. VV. of Ellsworth. Blue Hill Falls, p. o. in the above tn. Blue Island, p. v. in Cook co.. 111., on the Chi- cago & Rock Island R. R., 10 mis. W. of Chi- cago. Blue Island, p. v. and the co. seat of Saline CO., Nebr., on the Big Blue R., and 28 mis. S. W. of Lincoln. Blue Knob, p. o. in Blair co.. Pa. Blue Eake, tn. in Muskegon co., Mich. Pop., 381. Blue liick, p. o. in Franklin co., Ala. Blue iAeli, p. o. in Clarke Co.. Ind. Blue liick, p. o. in Allen co., Ohio. Blue JLick Springs, p. v. in Nicholas co., Ky., on Licking R., 9 mis. E. of Carlisle, the CO. seat. Blue Slill, p. o. in Jackson co.. Mo. Blue Mound, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., 1,089. Blue nionnd, p. o. in the above tn. Blue Mound, tn. in McLean co., 111. Pop., 1,219. Blue Monnd, tn. in Linn co., Kans. Fop.. 341. BLUE MOUND. 131 BOAZ. JBlne Monnd, tn. in Livingston co. , Mo. Pop. , 1,018. Blue Mound, p. o. in tlie above tn. Blue Mound, tn. in Dane CO., "Wis. Pop., 1,1(J5. Blue Mound, p. o. in the above tn. Blue Mounds, p. o. in Linn co., Kans. Blue Mountain, v. in Callioun co., Ala., on the Schna, Rome & Dalton R. R., 135 mis. N. E. of Sehna and 6-2 mis. S. S. W. of Rome, Ga. Blue Mountain, tn. in Izard co.. Ark. Pop., 454. Blue Mountain, p. o. in the above tn. Blue Mountain, p. o. in Northampton co.. Pa. Blue Mountains, of Pennsylvania, also called Kittatinny Mts., a range of the Appa- lachian system, trending on tlie boundary of Perry anil Cumberland counties, then inter- secting Dauphin and Lebanon counties, and finally separating Schuylkill, Carbon and Mon- roe counties on the N. from Berks, Lehigh and Northampton counties on the S. They are nearly 2,000 feet high. Blue Mountains, an extensive but as yet little explored mountain region in western Oreg., S. of the Columbia R. Blue l*oint, p. v. in Sutfolk co., N. Y., on Great South B., 4 mis. S. of Waverly station. Blue Rapids, tn. in Marshall co., Kans. Pop., 1,247. *Blue Rapids, p. v. in the above tn., on the Little Blue R. and the Union Pacific R. R., 07 mis. W. of Atchison. The R. alTords water- power, and the v. has several manufactories. The surrounding country is very productive. One newspaper. Blue Ridg-e, p. o. in Fannin co., Ga. Bltie Ridge, p. o. in Shelby co., Ind. Blue Rids;-e, tn. m Piatt co.. 111. Pop., 1,120. Blue Kidg'e, p. o. in Harrison co.. Mo. Blue Rid|?e, p. o. in Henderson co., N. C. Blue Ridge, p. o. in Botetourt CO., Va. Blue Ridge, the most eastern chains of the Appalachian system in Va., N. C. and Ga., trend in a S. E. direction from the Potomac E. near Harper's Ferry. In Va. the Blue Ridge separates the Shenandoah Valley from the Piedmont district, and increases in height from N. to S., attaining its greatest elevation in the peaks of Otter ^3,993 feet) and Chunder Knob, near the gap through which passes the James R. The Blue Ridge of N. C. is a prolonga- tion of the former, but greatly exceeds it in elevation. A numljer of high spurs branch off from it in a N. W. direction, and join the Great Unaka chain, which separates N. C. from Tcnn. These are the Black Mts., New- found Mt., Balsam Mt., Cowee Mts., Nanta- hela Mts., and V^alley River Mts., which divide western N. C. into a series of basins, eacfti of which gives rise to and is travers- ed by an affluent of the Tennessee R. The highest peaks in the Carolina Blue Ridge and Its branches are : High Pinnakle, 5,701 ft.; Rocky Knobs, 5,303 ft.; Graybeard, 5,448 ft.; Big Craggy, 6,090 ft.; Bull's Head, 5,935 ft.; Craggy Pinnakle, 5,945ft.; Mt. Mitchell, 6,583ft.; Mt. Gibbs, 6,591 ft.; Sugarloaf, 6,403 ft.; Black Dome, 6,707 ft.; Balsam Cone, 6,071 ft.; Black Brother, 6,619 ft.; Bowlen's Pyramid, 6,248 ft.; Grandfather, 5,897 ft.; Grandmother, 5,797 ft. The principal passes leading across the Blue Ridge of Va. are. Snicker's Gap ; Thornton's Gap ; Swift Gap ; Brown's Gap ; Roekflsh Gap ; Panther Gap, and Buford's Gap; ofN. C.:Swa- nanoa Gap ; of Ga.: Rabun Gap. Blue River, tn. in Hancock co., Ind. Pop., 1,125. Blue River, tn. in Harrison co., Ind. Pop., 1,198. Blue River, tn. in Henry CO., Ind. Pop., 862. Blue Riven, tn. in Johnson co., Ind. Pop., 2,573. Blue River, tn. in Grant CO., Wis. Pop., 660. Blue River, p. v. in Grantco., Wis., on the Wisconsin R. and the Prairie du Chien & Mil- Avaukee R. R., 63 mis., W. of Madison. Blue Rock, tn. in Muskingum CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,093. Blue Rock, p. V. in the above tn., on the Muskingum R., 14 mis. below Zanesville. Blue Rock, p. V. in Chester co.,Pa., 43^ mis. N. W. of Barnestown, on the Wa5'nesDurgli Branch R. R. Blue Spring, p. o. in Gordon co., Ga. Blue Springs, p. o. in Volusia co., Fla. Blue Springs, p. o. in Jackson co.. Mo. Blue SpriBigs, p. o. in Gage co., Nebr. Blue Stone, tn. in Mecklenburg co., Va. Pop., 1,984. Blue Stone, p. o. in Tazewell co., Va. Bine Stone River, tributary of New R., in W. Va.; rises in Tazewell CO., and flows throuifh Mercer co. Blue Stores, p. o. in Columbia Co., N. Y. Blue Sulphur, tn. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Pop., 2,148. Blue Sulphur Springs, p. o. in the above tn. Bine Valley, p. o. in York co., Nebr. Blue Wing, p. o. in Granville co., N. C. Blutr, tn. in .Johnson co. 111. Pop., 1,325. Blulf, tn. in Monroe co., 111. Pop., 925. Blutf, p. V. in Fayette co., Tex., 'il4 mis. from La Grange. BluflT City, p. o. in Schuyler co.. 111. Blnlt' City, p. o. in Henderson co., Ky. Blu^r Creek, p. o. in Johnson co.,Ind. Bluif Creek, tn. in Monroe co., Iowa. Pop., 1,015. Blutr Creek, p. o. is East Feliciana parish. La, BluflT 3>ale, tn. in Greene co., 111. Pop., 1,440. Bluir Bale, p. o. in the above tn. BluflT Point, p. o. in Jay co., Ind. Bluir S»oint, p. o. in Ya'tes co., N. Y"". Bl!iU' Point, p. o. in Hickman co., Tenn. Blulls, p. o. in Scott co.. 111. Blutr Spring, p. o. in Clay co., Ala. Blutr Springs, p. o. in Escambia co., Fla Bluff Springs, p. o. in Cass co.,Ill. Blutftou, p. o. in Yell co.. Ark. *Blutrton, p. V. and co. seat of Wells co., on the Wabash R. and the Fort Wayne & Muncie R. R., 40 mis. N. of Muncie. Pop., 1,181. En- gaged in manufactiu-ing and lumbormg. Two newspapers. Bluflfton, tn. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 809. Blutrton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Upper Iowa R., 18 mis. N. W. of Decorah. Bluflfton, p. o. in Ottawa CO., Kans. Biuirton, p. V. in Muskegon co., Mich., at the mouth of the Muskegon R., 5 mis. W. of Mus- keccon. Blutrton, p. V. in Montgomery co.. Mo. *Bluft'ton, p. V. in Allen co., Ohio, 16 mis. N. E. of Lima. Bluirton, p. V. in Beaufort district, S. C, near the sea coast, and 15 mis. S. W. of Port Roj'al. Bluflfton, p. o. in Llano co., Tex. Blnnifield, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,074. Blunilield, p. o. in the above tn. Blnnifield Junction, p. o. in the above tn. Blythe, tn. in Marion co., Ark. Pop., 190. Blythe, tn. in Schuvlkill co.. Pa. Pop., 1,9^4. Bo'alsburgh, p. v. in Centre co., Pa., 14 mis. S of Belk'fonte. Boardman, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop 1,WJ6. ^ Boardman, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop 817. Boardjnan, p. o. in the above tn. Boardman, p. o. in St. Croix co., Wis. Board Tree, p. o. in Marshall co., W. Va. Boark, tn. in Gasconade co.. Mo. Pop., 1,C9S, Boatland, p. o. in Fentress CO., Tenn. Boaz, p. o. in Graves co., Ky. Boax, p. V. in Richland co., Wis. 8 mis. W. oi Richland Centre. BOB. 132 BOLLINGER. Bob, p. o. in Saline co., Arlc. Boca, p. o. in Nevada eo., Cal. Bodcan, tii. in Hempstead co., Ark. Pop., 439. Bodcjya, tn. in Sonoma eo., Cal. Pop., 1,407. Bodciihani, p. o. in Giles CO., Tenn. Bodliicsvillc, p. V. in Lycoming co.. Pa., on tlie Northern Central It. K., 4% mis. N. of Ralston. Bodlcy, p. o. in Lucas co., Ohio. Boeg'er's Store, p. o. in Osage co., Mo. Bocrnc, p. v. and tlie co. seat of Kendall co., Tex., on Cibolo Cr. and 36 mis. ^Y. of New Braunfcls. Boeul", tn. in Franklin co., INIo. Pop., 3,910. Boeiif, tn. in Gasconade co.. Mo. Pop., 1,'277. Bocnt'CreeU, p. o. in Franklin co.. Mo. Koeiif River, p. o. in Chicot co.. Ark. Bogard, tn. in Daviess co., Ind. Pop., 1,170. Bo^ard, v. in the above tn., 9 mis. froin Wash- ington. Bogard, tn. in Henry Co., Mo. Pop., 1,117. Bojfard, p. o. in the above tn. Bogard Mound, p. o. in Carroll co., Mo. Bog'ard's Fork, p. o. in Crawford CO., Ind. Bojjs's, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop., 2,135. BOSS'S, tn. in Clearfleld co., Pa. Pop., 7S4. BojJS'stown, p. o. in Shelby co., Ind. Bogiic, p. o. in Columbus co., N. C. Bo^'ue Cliitto, p. V. in Lincoln co., Miss,, on the Boguc Chitto'K. and the New Orleans, Jack- son & Great Northern K. R., 65 mis. S. of Jack- son. Bo^iie Chitto, tributary of the Pearl R., rises in Grenada CO., Miss., flows southward through Pike co., then intersects Washington CO., La., and joins the Pearl in Tammany co.. La. Bog'y, tn. in Jefferson co.. Ark. Pop., 1,320. Bohemia^ p. v. in La Crosse co., Wis., 17 mis. E. of La Crosse. Bohon, p. o. in Mercer co., Ky. Boiceville, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. Boiling: Springs, p. v. in Cumberland co., Pa., 45^ mis. S. E. of Carlisle. Boiling: Spring, tn. in Alleghany co., Va. Pop., 1,388. Boilston, p. o. in Henderson co.. N. C. Bois Blanc Island belongs to Cheboygan co., Mich., and lies N. of the Strait of Mackinaw. Bois Brule, tn. in Perry co., Mo. Pop., 1,337. Bois Brule River, a small stream in N. Wis., empties into Fond du Lac, arm of Lake Superior. Bois B'Arc, tn. in Hempstead co., Ark, Pop., g:!->. Boi<^ B'Arc, tn. in Montgomery co., 111. Pop., 1,117. Bo is D'Arc, p. o. in Greene co.. Mo. Boise, CO. in Idaho, E. part. Area, 8,000 sq. mis. Pop., 3,831. It is bounded on the E. by the principal chain of the Rocky Mts.,and on the S. by the Salmon River Mts. The co. is traversed by elevated mountain chains and ranges of hills. The valleys contain, how- ever, much excellent farm land. Tlie East Fork and Rock Fork of the Salmon R. rise in the S. part and flow to the N. The S. E. part of the co. is drained by affluents of the Snake R. Gold mining is the principal occu- pation of the inhabitants. Idaho City is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: "Wheat, 5,032 bush.; oats, 9,827 bush.; Indian-corn, 350 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,747 bush.; butter, 2,000 lbs., hay, 747 tons. Cash value of farms, $40,150. Total, estimated, value of all farm l^roductions, including additions to stock, etc., $so,()90. Value of manufactures, $15'j,147. •Boise City, capital of Idaho and co. seat of Ada CO.; is situated on a treeless plain on the northern bank of the Boise R., a tributary of the Snake R. It is 300 mis. N. W. of Salt Lake City, and is reached bv stage from Winnc- nmcca, on the Central I'aciflc R. R., and also hy stage from Indian Creek. It has wide avenues and is overlooked and protected by Fort Boise. The surrounding county has good farming lands, and there are gold and silver mines in the Aacinlty. Two newspapers. Pop.. 995. Boistfort, p. o. in Lewis CO., Wash. Ter. Bokc's t'rcck, tn. in Logan co., Ohio. Pop., 1.344. Boke's Creek, p. o. in Union co., Ohio. Boland's, p. o. in Itawamba co.. Miss. Bolckow, p. V. in Andrew co.. Mo., on the Kan- sas City, St. Joseph & Council Blurts R. R., 33 mis. from Hopkins. Bold Spring, p. o. in Franklin co., Ga. Bold Springs, p. o. in McLennan co., Texas. Boles, ]). o. in Scott co., Ark. Boles, tn. in Franklin co.. Mo. Pop., 5,183. Boles, p. V. in the above tn., on the Paciflc 11. R , of JMissouri. Bolesville, p. o. in Pope co.. Ark. Boligrcc, p. o. in Greene co., Ala., on the Ala- bama & Chattanooga R. R. Bolinas, tn. in Marion co., Cal. Pop., 62.5. Bolinas, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pacific Ocean, and 19 mis. N. W. of San Francisco. Bolington, p. o. in Loudoun co., Va. Bolivar, co. in Miss., W. part. Area about 775 sq. mis. Pop., 9,732; in 1860, 10,471. It is bounded on the W. by the Mississippi R., which separates it from Arkansas, and forms a part of that low alluvial plain which is in- closed between the Mississippi and Vazoo Es. The soil is very fertile, but large tracts are subject to inn'undation or form permanent swamps. The Sun Flower R. intersects the N. E. corner of the co., and the Bogue Phaliah R. traverses it from N. to S. Prentiss is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian- corn, 182,728 bush.; oats. 50 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,070 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,255 bush.; cotton, 15,,571 bales ; butter, 18,915 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,449,.525. Total, estimated, value ot all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,301,937. Value of mauufac.tures, $2,900. Bolivar, v. in Jackson eo., Ala., on the Nash- ville & Chattanooga R. R., near Stephenson. Bolivar, tn. in Jetterson co.. Ark. Pop., 1,732. Bolivar, tn. in Benton co., Ind. Pop., 776. Bolivar, p. o. in Frederick co., Md. Bolivar, p. v. in Bolivar co.. Miss., 78 mis. W. of Grenada and at the junction of the Arkan- sas and Mississippi Rs. The neighborhood produces cotton and corn. It has considera- ble trade in lumber and one newspaper. *Bolivar, \-). v. and the co. seat of Polk co.. Mo., 50 mis. AV. of Lebanon and 30 inls. N. of Springfield. Pop., 635. It lies in a grain and stock-raising district. Bolivar, tn in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 959. Bolivar, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. S. of Friendship. « Bolivar, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, on the Tuscarawas R., 5% mis. N. W. of Zoar Station, on the Tuscarawas Branch of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R. Pop., 413. Bolivar, p. v. in Westmoreland co., Pa., on the Pennsvlvania Central R. R., 58 mis. E. of Pittsburgh. *Bolivar, p. v. and the co. seat of Hardeman CO., Tenn., on the Mississippi Central R. R.,23 mis. S. of Jackson. Pop., 889. One newspaper. Bolivar, p. o. in Denton co. Texas. Bolivar, tn. in Jelferson co., W. Va. Pop., 2,892. Boiling, p. o. in Butler co., Ala. Bollinger, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Area about .500 sq. mis. Pop., 8,162 ; in 1860, 7,120. Castor Cr. forms pai't of the western and soutliern boundaries, while the co. is drained by the Whitewater R. and Crooked Cr. The surface is low but broken, and in the S. part are large swamps, as Legare Swamp and others. The soil in some localities is very jiroductive. Marble Hill is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 51,286 bush.; rye, 1,354 Ijush.; BOLLINGS LANDING. 133 BOONE. Indiaii-oorn, 395,953 busli.; oats, 135.9SG bush.; Irish pot's, -21,351 bush.; sweel pot's, 4,8(;6busli.; tobacco, 32,210 lbs.; butter, 177,908 lbs.; Imy, 1,250 tons. Cash value of fai-ms, -$1,316,550. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, iucludiug additions to stock, etc.,$5S6,- 032. Value of manufactures, $112,801. Boilings JLancIiu^, p. o. in Buckingham co., \'a. Bolster's 9Iills, p. o. in Cumberland co., Me. Bolton, tn. in Tolland co., Conn. Pop., 576. Boltou, p. V. in the above tn., near the Provi- dence & Hartford B. K., 17 mis. E. of Hart- ford. Bolton, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1.014. Bolton, p. o. in the above tn., on Boston, Clin- ton & Fitchburg R. B., 13 mis. from Marlboro'. Bolton, V. in Hinds co., Miss., on the Vicks- burg & Meridian B. B., 17 mis. E. of Vicksburg. Bolton, p. o. in Harrison co., Mo. Bolton, tn. in Warren co., N. Y. Pop., 1,135. Bolton, p. V. in the above tn., on Lake George, 10 mis. JSr. of Caldwell. Bolton, p. o. in Brunswick co., N. C. Bolton, tn. in Chittenden co., Vt. Pop., 711. Bolton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Vermont Central B. B., 18% mis. N. \V. of Montpelier. Bolton's Depot, p. v. in Hinds co.. Miss., on the Vicksburg & Meridian B. B., 28 mis. E. of Vicksburg, and 17 mis. W. of Jackson. Boltonvlile, p. o. in Cobb co., Ga. Boltonville, p. o. in Iowa co., Iowa. Boltonville, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., i mis. X. W. of Wells B., on the Connecticut & Pas- sumpsic Bivers B. B. Boltonville, p. v. in Washington co., Wis., 114 nils. X. E. of West Bend. Bolt's Forlc, p. o. in Boyd CO., Ky. Bombay, tn. in Franklin co., N. i'. Pop., 1,488. Bombay, i^. v. in the above tn., 914 t^^==- N. of Moira. Bombazine liake, in the W. part of Eutland CO., Vt.; is drained by Castleton Cr., a tribu- tary of Lake Chaniplain. Bon Accortl, p. o. in Johnson co., Iowa. Bonaparte, tn. in Van Buren co., Iowa. Pop., 1,341. ■^Bonaparte, p. v. in the above tn., on the Des Moines B. and tlie Des Moines Valley B.B., 35 nils. N. W. of Keokuk ; has manufactories, and lies in a grain and stock-raising district. One newspaper. Bon Aqiia, p. o. in Hickman co., Tenn. Bonbrook, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Bonctiea, p. o. in St. Croix co., Wis. Bond, CO. in 111., central part. Area about 400 sq.. mis. Pop., 13,152; in 1860, 11,678. The sur- face is rolling, and consists of prairies and forests in about eriual proportions. The soil Is very fertile. The East and West Forks of Shoal Cr. and other small tributaries of the Kaskaskia B. traverse the co. from N. to S. Greenville is the co. seat. Agr. productions inlS70: Wheat, 369,325 bush.; rye, 6,240 bush.; oats, 461,097 bush.; Indian-corn, l,064,0.o2bush.; Irish pot's, 13,668 bush.; sweet pot's, 605 bush.; butter, 108,542 lbs.; hay, 19,388 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,579,103. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,451,850. V^alue of manu- factures, $182,937. Bond, tn. in Lawrence co.. 111. Pop., 1,087. Bond's Mines, p. o. in Morgan co.. Mo. Bond's Station, p. o. in Shelby co., Tenn. Bond's Village, p. v. iu Hampden co., Mass., 4 mis. N. of Palmer, on Boston & Albany B. B. BondncI, p. o. in Shawano co., Wis. Bondvillc, p. o. in Champaign co., 111. Bondville, p. v. in Bennington co., Vt., llmls. E. of ^lanchester. Bone €avc, p. o. in Van Buren co.. Tenn. Bone €reelt, p. o. in Bltchie co., W Va. Bone Gap, p. o. in Edwards co.. 111. Bouesville, p. o. in McDuffie cot, Ga. Bonfil's Station, p. o. in St. Louis co., Mo. Bong-ard, p. o. in Carver CO., Minn. ^Bonbam, p. v. and co. seat of Fanuin co., Tex.. 37 mis. S. E. of Preston. Bon Homme, co. iu Dak., S. part. Area about 450 sq. mis. Pop., 608. It borders in the S. on the Missouri B. The surface is rolling and along the rivers there are some productive bottom lands. Bonhoiume is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,930 bush.; Indian-corn, 3,520 bush.; oats, 1,590 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,870 bush.; hay, 1,315 tons. Cash value of farms, $136,200. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $11,125. Bon Homme, p. v. and co. seat of Bonhomme CO., Dak., on the Missouri B., 20 mis. W. of Yankton. Bonhomme, tn. in. St. Louis co., Mo. Pop., 6,162. Bonbommc, p. o. in the above tn. Bonn p. V. in Washington co., Ohio, llj.^ mis. jST. N.E. of Marietta. Bonneau's Depot, p. v. in Charleston Dis- trict, S. C., on the Northeastern B. B., 37 mis. from Charleston. Bonnefemme, tn. in Howard co., Mo. Pop., 1,249. Bonner, p. o. in Jackson parish, La. Bonner's Ferry, p. o. in Cherokee CO., Tex. Bonnet Carre, p. v. in St. John Baptist parish. La., on the Mississippi B., 18 mla. from St. Charles. Bonnie Brooli,p. o. in Butler CO., Pa. Bonniwell's Mills, p o. in INIcLeod co., Minn. Bonny Eagle, p. o. in Cumberland co.. Me. Bono, p. o. in Douglass co.. 111. Bono, tn. in Lawrence co., Ind. Pop., 1,005. Bono, p. o. in the above tn. Bono, p. o. in Washington co., Nebr. Bonpas, tn. in Bichland co., 111. Pop., 891. Bonsack's, p. v. in Boanoke co., Va., on the Virginia & Tennessee B. B., 47 mis. S. W. of Lynchburg. Lines of stages run from this point to Lexington, White Sulphur Springs, the Natural Bridge and other localities. Bontear, p. o. in St. Francois co.. Mo. Bonus, tn. in Boone co.. 111. Pop., 1,164. Bonus, p. o. in the above tn. Boody, p. o. in Macon co., IU. Booker's Mills, p. o. in Tyler co., W. Va. Booue, CO. in Ark., N. part, bordering on 3Io. Area about 700 sq. mis. Pop., 7,032. It is drained by the White B. and its trilnitary. Crooked Cr. The surface is hilly. The soil of the bottom lands is fertile. Harrison is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 41,930 bush.; Indian-corn, 341,042 bush.; oats, 22,837 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,394 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,027 bush.; cotton, 206 bales; tobacco, 56,365 lbs. Cash value of farms, $601,94.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $451,736. Value of manufactures, $32,188. Boone, CO. in III., N. part. Area, 275 sq. nils. Pop., 12,942: in 1860, 11,678. It is bounded on the N. by Wis. The surface is slightly undu- lating and consists of prairies aud Wood- lands in nearly equal proportions. The soil is very fertile. The co. is drained by several affluents of the Bock B., as Kishwaukee E., Piskasaw Cr., etc. Belvidere is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 241,641 bush.; rye, 35,871 bush.; oats, 679,127 bush.; Indian- corn, 466,985 bush.; Irish pot's, 167,311 bush.; sweet pot's, 70 bush.; butter, 555,159 lbs.; hay, 31.323 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,916,863. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $260,- 304. Value of manufactures, .$588,275. Boone, CO. in Ind., N. W. central part. Area, 418 sq. mis. Pop. 22,593 ; in 1860, 16,753. The surface is diversified by gentle undulations and level tracts ; the soil is very protluetive. The northern part is drained by Sugar Cr., BOONE. 134 BOONVILLE. the southern hv Eagle Cr. The lndianai)0]is, Cincinnati & Lafavette B. R. intersects the CO. from S. E. to N. W. Lebanon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 38^,352 bush.; rye, 14,337 bush.; Indian-corn, 740,482 bush.; oats, 52,075 bush.; Irish pot's, 48,278 bush.; sweet pot's, 126 bush.; butter, 261,810 lbs.; hay, 9.041 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,974,0(50. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., *3,814,552. Value of manufactures, $886,883. Booiic, CO. in Iowa, central part. Area, 048 sq. mis. Pop., 14,584; in 1800, 4,232. Tlie Des Moines R. flows through the co. from N. Is. W. to S. S. E., and its tributaries, Beaver Cr. and Montgomery Cr., drain respectively the S. W. and N. E. parts. The surface is rolling, and the soil productive. The Iowa division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W. Boonesbo- rough is the co. seat. Agi\ productions in 1870: Wheat, 176,969 bush.; rye, 87S bush.; In- dian-corn. 727,831 bush.; oats, 151,272 bush.; Irisli pot's, 63,541 bush.; sweet pot's, 113 bush.; ■wool, 20,825 lbs.; butter, 256,549 lbs.; hay. 22,019 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,438,031. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $952,896. Value of manufactures, $388,417. Boone, co. in Ky., forms the N. extremity of the state. Area, 310 sq. mis. Pop., 10,696; in 1860, 11,196. It is bounded on the N. and W. by the Ohio R., which hei'e forms the " Great Bend" and separates the co. from Ohio and Ind. Big Boone Cr. intersects it from E. to W. The surface is hilly, and the soil mostly fertile. Burlington is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 93,424 bush.; rye, 32,621 bush.; Indian-corn, 770,505 bush.: oats, 86,441 bush.; Irish pot's, 81,518 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,240 bush.; butter, 198,511 lbs.; hav, 6,826 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,601,330. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,552,670. Value of manufactures, $472,663. Boone, CO. in Mo., central part. Area, 650 sq. mis. Pop., 20,705; in 1860, 14,452. The Missouri R. forms the south-western boundary, and Cedar Cr. part of the eastern. Roche Periee K. and Bonne Femme R. traverse the co. from N. to S. The surface is uneven, and consists chiefly of prairies ; while the river bottoms are heavily timbered. The soil is very pro- ductive. A branch of the Northern Missouri R. R. intersects the co. Columbia is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 235,650 bush.; rye, 14,981 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,096,114 bush.; oats, 260,019 bush.; Irish pot's, 21,909 bush.: sweet pot's, 719 bush.; tobacco, 149,634 lbs.; butter, 83,833 lbs.; hay, 5,110 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,883,432. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,212,831. V alue of manu- factures, $802,405. Boone, CO. in W. Va., S. W. part. Area, 530 sq. mis. Pop., 4,5.53 ; in 1860, 4,840. Its southern boundary is formed by the Guyandotte Mt., which separates it from Va. The Spruce Fork Ridge trends along the S. AV". boundary. TJie surface is broken, and in the southern part mountainous ; dense forests cover most of this CO.; the soil of the valleys is fertile. Lit- tle Coal R. rises in the southern extremity, and intersects the co. from S. to N., receiving numerous tributaries, the largest of which are Laurel Cr., Pond Fork, and Spruce Fork. Ballardsville Is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,585 bush.; rye, 1,398 bush.; Indian-corn, 129,630 bush.; oats, 13,(i67 bush.; Irish pot's, 12.043 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,676 bush., butter, 55,784 lbs.; hay, 191 tons. Cash value of farms, $268,899. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $168,449. Value of manufactures, $56,000. Boone, p. o. in Boone co.. Ark. Boone, tn. in Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 827. Boone, tn. in Scott co.. Ark. Pop., 937. Boone, tn. in Union co., Ark. Pop., 642. Boone, tn. in Boone co.. 111. Pop., 1,536. Boone, p. o. in Jasper co.. 111. Boone, tn. in Cass co., Ind. Pop., 1,262. Boone, tn. in Harrison co., Ind. Pop., 1,870. Boone, tn. in Crawford co., Ind. Pop., 494. Boone, tn. in Madison co., Ind. Pop., 1,078. Boone, tn. in Porter co., Ind. Pop., 1,215. Boone, tn. in Warrick co., Ind. Pop., 4,042. Boone, tn. in Hamilton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,837. Boone, tn. in Dallas co., Iowa. Pop., Hoi. Boone, p. v. in Boone co., Iowa, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 121 mis. W. of Cedar Rapids ; lies in a rich farming district, and has highly productive coal mines. Two news- papers. Pop., 2,415. Boone, tn. in Wright CO., Iowa. Pop., 146. Boone, tn. in Bates co.. Mo. Pop., 1,257. Boone, tn. in Crawford co.. Mo. Pop., 839. Booue, tn. in Douglas co.. Mo. Pop., 480. Boone, tn. in Franklin co., Mo. Pop., 1,655. Boone, tn. Greene CO., Mo. Pop., 1,692. Boone, tn. in Maries co.. Mo. Pop., 692. Boone, tn. in Texas co.. Mo. Pop., 323. Boone, tn. in AV'right co., Mo. Pop., 123. Boone, p. o. in Boone CO., Nebr. Boone, p. v. and the co. seat of Watauga co,, N. C, near the western base of the Blue Ridge and 50 mis. from Johnson's Depot. Boone Furnace, p. o. in Carter co., Ky. *Boonesboroug'h, p. v. and the co. seat of Boone CO., Iowa, near the Des Moines K. and the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 202 mis. W. of Clinton on the Mississippi. Pop., 1,518, One newspaper. Boone«iI>orong'b, p. o. in Howard CO., Mo. Boonesborong^ta, p. o. in Uvalde co., Tex. Boone'»4 Mill, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Booneaville, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Booneville, p. o. in Sarber co.. Ark. Booneville, p. v. in Pueblo co., Colo., on the Arkansas R., 25 mis. E. of Pueblo, the co. seat. Booneville, p. o. in Dallas co., Iowa. Booneville, p. v. and co. seat of Owsley co., Ky., on a small tributary of the Kentucky K. Pop., 111. *Booneville, p. v. and the co. seat of Prentiss CO., Miss., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 21 mis. S. of Corinth. Booneville, p. o. in Yadkin co., N. C. Booneville, p. o. in Clinton co.. Pa. Booneville, p. o. in Moore co., Tenn. Boon CJrove, p. o. in Porter co., Ind. Boon Hill, p. V. in Johnston co., N. C, on the North Carolina Division of the Richmond & Danville 11. R., 12 mis. from Goldsboro. Boonsboroug-li, p. v. in Washmgton co.. Ark., 20 mis. from Fayetteville. *Boonsboroug:h, p. v. in Washington co., Md., 3 mis. N. E. of Keedysville, on the Washing- ton CO. Branch R. R. Boonsbi'ook, tn. in Franklin co., Va. Pop., 2,078. Boon's CreeU, p. o. in Washington co., Tenn. Boon's Ferry, p. o. in Tyler co., Tex. Boon's Clrove, v. in Washington co.. Ark., 10 mis. S. E. of Fayetteville, the co. seat. Boonshlll, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn. Boonton, tn. in Morris co., N. J. Pop., 3,458. -Boonton, p. v. in the above tn., on a branch of the Morris & Essex R. R., 5 mis. E. of Den- ville and on the Rockaway R. and the Morris Canal. It has an immense iron manufactory, consisting of a blast furnace, a rolling mill and a nail factorj'. One newspaper. Boon's Ijick, tn. in Howard co., Mo. Pop. 1,686. *Boonville, p. v. and co. scat of Warrick co., Ind., 20 inls. N. W. of Rockport on the Ohio R., and 17 mis. E. N. E. of Evansville. Much tol)acco is raiseil and manufactured. One newspaper. 'Pop., 1,039. BOONVILLE. 135 BOSTON. Boonville, v. in Prentiss co., Miss., on the Mobile & Ohio K. R., 21 nils, from Corintli. Much cotton is raised in the vicinity. One newspaper. Boonville, tn. in Cooper cc, Mo. Pop., 5,319. •^Boonville, p. v. in the above tu. and tlie co. seat, on the Missouri R., 2-27 mis. above St. T^oviis ; is surrounded by a rich agricultural district, and has considerable river com- merce. In the neighborhood are found lead, iron, coal, hydraulic limestone, marble, etc. Pop., 3.50G. Three newspapers. lioonville, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 4,106. *Booiiville, p. V. in the above tn., on the Black River Canal and the Utica & P>lack River R. R., 31 mis. N. of Utica. Pop., 1,418. One news- paper. Boot. p. o. in Richland co., 111. Booth Bay, tn. in Lincoln co.. Me. Pop., 3,200. Bootb Bay, p. v. in the above tn., on the coast, and 14 mis. S. of Wiscasset. BootUby Mill, p. o. in Harford co., Md. Booth Corner, p. o. in Delaware co.. Pa. Booth's Creek, tn. in Taylor co.,W.Va. Pop., 1,134. Booth's Point, p. o. in Dyer co., Tenn. Boothsville, p. v. in Marion co., W. Va., 5 mis. S. of Fairmount, the co. seat. Pop., 125. Bordeaux, p. o. in Abbeville District, S. C. Bortleutown, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 0,041. *Boribui'gli, p. v. in Hancock co.. 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 14 mis. S. of Hamilton. Bowen's Comers, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. Bowen's Milts, p. o. in Barry co., Mich. Bo wen's Prairie, p v. in Jones co., Iowa, 5 mis. N. E. of Monticello. Bowen's Ridge, p. o. in Jackson co., Ark. Bowen Station, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Bowenville, p. v. in Carroll co., Ga., on Snake Cr., 12 mis. E. S. E. of CarroUton, the co. seat. Bowenville, p. o. in Fauquier co., Va., at Rap- pahanuoek v. on the Orange. Alexandria & Alanassas R. R., 51 mis. from Alexandria. Bower, p. o. in Jetlerson co., Nebr. Bower, p. v. in Clearfield co., Pa., IS^^ mis. froniCloartield. Bower Mill, p. o. in AYashington CO., Pa. Mower'H Mills, p. o. in Lawrence eo.. Mo. Bower's Station, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Bower's Store, p. o. in Gentry CO., Mo. Bowcrston, p. v. in Harrison Co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh & Cincinnati R. R., 40 mis. W. of Stenl>cnville. Bowers ville, p. o. in Hart co., Ga. Bowersville, p. v. in Greene co., Ohio, 8 mis. N. of Reesville on the Cincinnati and Zanes- -sdlle R. R. Pop., 193. Bowie, CO. m Texas ; forms the N. E. corner of the state. Area about 950 sq. mis. Pop., 4,684 ; in 1800, 5,052. The northern boundarjj is wash- ed by the Red R., the southern by the Sulphur Fork of the Red R. The surface is mostly level and the soil very productive. Large tracts are covered with forests. Boston is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian- corn, 104,805 bush.; oats, 575 bush.; Irish pot's, 782 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,223 bush.; cotton, 2,990 bales ; butter, 18,524 lbs. Cash value of farms, $223,347. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $331,261. Value of manitfactures, $8,425. Bowie, tn. in Chicot co.. Ark. Pop., 207. Bowie, p. o. in Prince George's co., Md. Bowlan, tn. in Shannon co.. Mo. Pop., 156. Bowlesville, p. o. m Gallatin co.,111. Bowling, tn. in Rock Island co.. 111. Pop., 952 Bowling', p. o. in Leon co., Texas. Bowling Oreen, tn. in Fayette co.. 111. Pop., 1,097. Bowling Green, p. o. in the above tn. ^Bowling Green, p. v. and co. seat of Clay CO., Ind., on the Eel R., and 25 mis. S. S. W. of Greencastle. Pop., 000. Two newspapers. Bowling Green, tn. in Warren co., Ky. Pop., 7.235. *Bowling Green, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, at the head of navigation on Big Barren R. and on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 113 mis. S. of Louisville ; is a place of much commercial importance. The surrounding country is rich and produces excellent to- bacco. It has some manufactories and two newspapers. Pop., .4,574. Bowling Green, tn. in Chariton co.. Mo. Pop., 1,490. Bowling Green, p. v. and the co. seat of Piko CO., Mo., 10 nils. S. W. of the city of Louisiana on the Mississippi R., and on a branch of the Chicago & Alton R. R., 92 mis. from Jefferson City. Pop., 599. One newspaper. ^Bowling Green, p. v. and the co. seat of AVood CO., Ohio, 7 nils. S. E. of Tontogany, on the Dayton & Michigan R. R. Pop., 900. One newspaper. Bowling Green, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,042. Bowling Green, tn. in Marion co., Ohio. Pop., 903. Bowling Green, tn. in Caroline co., Va. Pop., 1,705. . Bowling Green, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, near tlie Richmond, Fredericks- burg & Potomac R. R., 15 mis. S. of Fredericlcs- buig. Pop., 395. Bowiusville, p. v. in Clark CO., Ohio, 5% mis. by R. R. N. of Springfield. Bo'wntan, tn. in Sullivan co.. Mo. Pop., 581. Bowman's Creels, p. o. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Bowman's Mills, p. o. in Roekiugiiani co., Va. Bowmansville, p. v. in Erie co., N. V., on El- licott Cr., 2y, inls. N. of the New York Cen- tral R. R. Bowmansville, p. o. in Lancaster CO., Pa. Bowne, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,275. Bowne, p. o. in the above tn. Bow Valley, p. o. in Cedar co., Nebr. Box, tn. in Cedar co.. Mo. Pop., 1,307. Box Elder, co. in Utah, forms the N. W. cor- ner of the territory. Area about (),800 sq. mis. Pop., 4,855 ; in 1860, 1,008. It includes the north- ern portion of the Great Salt Lake, which re- ceives within its limits the Bear R. from the N. E. The Bear Mts. form the E. boundary of the CO. The S. part is occupied by the Salt Lake Desert. The soil is sterile and the cli- mate extremely arid, so as to limit farming to the few valleys which can be irrigated. BOXFOED. 139 BEADFORD. Near the center of the co. is Promontory Point, the junction of the Union Pacific and Central Pacific R. R. Brigham City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 26,972 hush.; rye, 225 bush.; Indian-corn, 4,539 bush.; oats, 2,324 bush. ; Irish pot's, 10,692 bush.; but- ter, 16,340 lbs.; hay, l,7S4tons. Cash value of farms, $109,235. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $78,446. Value of manufactures, 194,188. Boxford, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 847. Boxford, p. V. in the above tn., near the East Massachusetts R. R., S mis. N. of Danvers. Boxfoi'd, p. o. in De Kalb CO., Mo. Boxley, p. o. in Appling eo., Ca. Boxley, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ind., 13 mis. \V. of Cicero. Box Spring, p. o. in Talbot co., Ga. Boxville, p. o. in Union co., Ky. Boyd, CO. in Ky., N. E. part. Area about 225 sq. inls. Pop., 8,573; in 1860, 6,044. It is bounded on the N. by the Ohio R., and on the E. by the Sandy R., which separates it from W. Va. The East Fork of the Little Sandy R. intersects the co. The surface is hilly 'and the soil of the valleys productive. Catletts- buig is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 11,718 bush.; rye, 454 bush., Indi- an-corn, 168,199 bush.; oats, 17,968 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,598 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,094 bush.; butter, 42,506 lbs.; hay, 1,209 tons. Cash value of farms, $732,584. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $229,523. Value of manufactures, $670,454. Boyd, p. o. in Dallas CO., Mo. Boyd lialce, p. o. in Piscataquis co.. Me. Boyd's C'reeU, p. o. in Sevier co., Tenn. Boyd's I^aiiding', p. o. in Hardin co., Tenn. Boyd's Mills, p. o. in Wise co., Tex. Boyd's Mills, p. o. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Boyd's .Station, p. v. in Harrison co., Ky., on the Kentucky Central R. R., 50 mis. S.'E. of Covington. Boyd's'Switcli, p. o. in Jackson co., Ala. Boyd's Tavern, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Boydstou's Mills, p. o. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Boydsville, p. o. in Graves co., Ky. Boydton, tn. in Mecklenburg co., Va. Pop., 4,708. Boydton, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Coleman's Cr., and 37 mis. S. of Burks- town. Pop., 261. Tobacco is raised in the neighborhood. One newspaper. Boyer, tn. in Crawford CO., Iowa. Pop., 135. Boyer, tn. in Harrison co. Iowa. Pop., 589. Boyer River, p. v. in Crawford co., Iowa, 7 mis. N. of Dennison. Boyerstown, p. v. in Berks co.. Pa., on a branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R. IS mis. E. of Reading. One newspaper. Boyklns, tn. in Southampton co., Va. Pop., 2,292. Boykiu's Depot, p. v. in the above tn., on the Seaboard & Roanoke R. R. Boylan's CJrove, p. v. in Butler co., Iowa, lyi^ mis. N. W. of Butler Centre. Boyle, CO. in Ky., central part. Area about 230 sq. mis. Pop., 9,515 ; in 1860, 9,304. It is bounded on the E. by Dicks R.,a tributary of the Kentucky, and drained by the head streams of the Salt R., which ris'e within its limits. The surface is broken and tlie soil productive. The Louisville & Knoxville R. R. passes through the co. Danville is the co. seat. Agr. ]>roductions in 1870 : Wheat. 99,316 bush.; rye, 14,789 bush.; Indian-corn, 272,505 bush.; oats, 58,115 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,484 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,708 bush.; butter, 83,433 lbs.; hay, 2,019 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,671,986. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $748,- 793. Value of manufactures, $338,284. Boyles, p. o. in Jefferson co., Kans. Boyler's Mill, p. o. in Morgan co.. Mo. Boyleston, p. o. in Henry co., Iowa. Boylstou, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 800. Boylston, p. o. in the above tn. Boylston, tn. in Oswego Co., X. Y. Pop., 1,052. Boylston Centre, p. o. in the above tn. Boylston Centre, p. o. in Worcester co., Mass. Boylston Station, p. o. in Norfolk co., Mass. Boyne, p. o. in Charlevoix co., Mich. Boyuton, tn. in Tazewell co.. 111. Pop., 820. Boynton, p. o. in the above tn. ^Bozeman, p. v. and the co. seat of Gallatin CO., Mont., on the East Gallatin R. Pop., 168. Is in a fertile farming and grazing district. Coal mines are in the vicinity. One newspaper. Bozrali, tn. in New London co.. Conn. Pop., 9S4. Bozrali, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. W. of Yantic. Bozrabville, p. v. in New Loudon co., Conn., 5 mis. W. of Yantic. Braceville, tn. in Grundy co.. 111. Pop., 1,1SS. Braceville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chi- cago & Alton R. R., 23 mis. S. W. of Joliet and 4 mis. N. E. of Gardiner. Braceville, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop. 954. Braceville, p. v. in the above tn., on the At lantic & Great Western R. R., 16^ mis. from Ravenna. Bracken, p. o. in Huntingdon co., Ind. Bracken, co. in Ky., N. part. Area about 200 sq. mis. Pop., 11,490 ; in ISGO, 11,021. It is bounded on the N. by the Ohio R., which separates it from Ohio. The North Eork of the Licking R. intersects the S. part of the co. from E. to \V. The surface is rolling; the soil productive. Brookville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 30,229 bush.; rye, 20,610 bush.; Indian-corn, 440,.5o0 bush.; oats, 22,533 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,!575 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,725 bush.; tobacco, 4,188,039 lbs.; butter, 138,360 lbs.; hay, 876 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,158,884. Total, estimated, value of all farm JDroductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,043,908. Value of manufactures, $i)9,849. Brackney, p. o. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. BradJjHry Isle, tn. in Hancock co., Ble. Pop., 6. Braddock's Field, p. v. in Alleghany CO., Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 9 mis. E. of Pittsburgh. Braddy ville, p. o. in Page co.. Iowa. Braden's Knobs, p. o. in Bledsoe co., Tenn. Braden Station, p. o. in Fayette co., Tenn. Bradenville, p. v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Branch Junction. Bradford, p. o. in Coosa co., Ala. Bradford, co. in I'la., N. part. Area about 395 sq. mis. Pop., 3,671. The Santa Fe R., a tribu- tary of the Suwanee, forms the S. boundary and receives New R. and other small afliuents. The surface is low and level ; the soil in some parts fertile. The Florida R. R. passes through the CO. from N. E. to S. W. Lake Butler is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Rye, 30 bush.; oats, 6,170 bush.; ludiau-corn, 45,708 bush.; Irish pot's, 149 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,273 busli.; cotton, 202 bales ; rice, 555 lbs.; butter, 3,372 lbs. Cash value of farms, $133,632. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $116,016. Value of manufactures, $58,151. Bradford, tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., 1,086. Bradford, p. v. in Stark eo., 111., 10^ mis. by R. R. S. of Buda. Bradford, p. v. in Harrison co., Ind., 16 mis. N. W. of New Albany. Bradford, tn. in Chickasaw co., Iowa. Pop., 2,076. Bradford, p. v. In the above tn., on Little Ce- dar R., 3 mis. N. E. of Nashua ou Iowa divi- sion of Illiuois Central R. R. BEADFORD. 140 BRANCH. Bradford, -p. o. in Bracken co., Ky. Bradford, tii. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 1,4-^7. Bradford, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. N. W. of ]5;ingor. Bradford, tn. in Kssex co., Mass. Pop., 2,014. Bradford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Maine B. R., 32 mis. N. of Boston, and on the xiKht bank of theMerrimac R. It is the junc- tion of the Newburyport R. B., and has a noted female academy. Bradford, tn. in Merrimack co., N. H. Pop., I,0S1. *Bradford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Con- eoril & CUiremont R. R., 27 mis. W. of Concord. Bradford, tn. in Steuben co., N". Y. Bradford, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. W. of Sa^■ona. Bradford, or Bradford Junction, y>. v. in Miami co., Ohio, at the intersection of the Unlianapolis & Chicago Division with the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., S3 mis. from Columbus. Pop., 169. Bradford, co. in Pa., X. E. part ; borders on N. y. Area, 1,170 sq. nils. Pop., 53,204; In 18G0, 48,734. The surface is hilly, and in the south- ern part intersected by the Towanda Mt. The soil is moderately productive. Extensive forests of pine, hemlock, maple, etc., yield excellent lumber. The North Branch of the Susquehanna R. flows through the co. from N. to S. E. and receives the Tioga R., To- wanda R.,VVyalusing Cr. and Sugar Cr. Iron and bituminous coal are extensively mined. The Pennsylvania & New York Canal and R. B. Companies' lines pass through the co. To- wanda is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 283,698 bush.; rye, 33,991 bush.; oats, 1,114,120 bush.; Indian-corn, 505,341 bush.; Irish pot's, 541,198 bush.; sweet pot's, 10 bush.; butter, 3,704,709 lbs.; hay, 129,9.')6 tons. Cash value of farms, $25,158,245. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $5,561,375. Value of manufactures, $2,738,395. Bradford, tn. in Clearfleld co.. Pa. Pop., 1,172. Bradford, tn. in McKean co.. Pa. Pop., 1,416. Bradford, p. v. in the above tn., on a brtvich of the Erie R. R., 11 mis. S. ofCarroUton, N. Y. Bradford, tn. in Orange co., Vt. Pop., 1,492. *Bradford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Con- necticut R. and the Connecticut & Passump- sic Rivers R. R., 4 nils. S. of South Newbury; has numerous manufactories, and an acade- my of high reputation. Two newspapers. Bradford, tn. in Rock co.. Wis. Pop., 1,000. Bradford Centre, p. o. in Orange co., Vt. Bradfordsville, p. v. in Marion co., Ky., on the Salt R., and 6 mis. S. E. of Lebanon. Pop., 15,5. Bradley, co. in Ark., S. E. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 8,046 ; in 1860, 8,388. Moro R. forms the western boundary, and Saline R. the east- ern ; both jom the Washita R. The surface is mostly level, and in some parts undulating. The soil is productive. Warren is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 4,726 busli.; Indian-coi-n, 222,825 bush.; oats, 2,930 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,095 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,095 bush.; tobacco, 2,460 lbs.; cotton, 5,177 bales. Cash value of farms, .$607,980. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $798,778. Value of manu- factures, ,$62,796. Bradley, co. in Tenn., S. E. part, borders on Ga. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 11,652; in 1860, 11,701. It forms part of the East Tennes- see Valley, and is traversed by several chains of hills trending S. \\^. and N. E. The soil is generally very productive. The Hiawassee B. forms the northern boundary of the co. The head waters of the Canasauga R. rise in and drain the southern part. The East Ten- nessee R. B. passes through the co. from N. to S. Cleveland is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 111,981 bush.; rye, 76 bush.; Indian-corn, 2.39,490 bush,; oats, 41,727 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,286 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,- 810 bush.; tobacco, 10,628 lbs.; butter, 1.35,976 lbs.; hay, 1.482 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,077,861. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $639,655. Value of manufactures, $203,- 705. Bradley, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Ark. Bradley, tn. in .Jackson co.. 111. Pop., 1,297. Bradley, \-). o. in the above tn. Bradley, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 866. Bradley, p. v. in Allegan co., Mich., on Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 24 inls. N. of Kalama- zoo. Bradley, p. o. in Barnwell district, S. C. Bradley ville, p. o. in Taney co.. Mo. Bradricliville, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ohio. Bradshaw, tn. in Greene co.. Ark. Pop., 335. Bradsbaw, p. o. in Giles Co., Tenn. Bradtville, p. o. in Grant co.. Wis. Brady, tn. in Kalamazoo CO., Mich. Pop., 1,382. Brady, v. in the above tn., on the Peninsular R. R., 23 mis. S. W. of Battle Creek. Brady, tn. in Sa.ginaw co., Mich. Pop., 471. Brady, tn. in Williams co., Oliio. Pop., 1,SS1. Brady, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 600. Brady, tn. in Clarion co.. Pa. Pop., 263. Brady, tn. in Clearlield co.. Pa. Pop., 2,609. Brady, tn. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Pop., 904. Brady, p. v. in Indiana co., Pa., 14 mis. ^f. E. of Indiana. Brady*, tn. in Lycoming CO., Pa. Pop., 394. Brady's, p. o. in Richland co.. Wis. Brady's Bend, tn. in Armstrong co., Pa. Pop., 3,619. Brady's Bend, p. v. in the above tn., on the Alleghany Valley R. R., 2 mis. from Phillips- burg. Brady's Mill, p. v. in Alleghany co., Md., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 7 mis. W. of Cum- berland. Brady ville, p. o. in Adams co., Ohio. Brady ville, p. o. in Cannon co., Tenn. Braggadocio, tn. in Pemiscot co., Mo. Pop., 90. Brag'gs, p. o. in Lowndes co., Ala. Braggville, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Boston & Albany R. R. *Braidwood, p. v. in Will co., 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 20 mis. S. W. of Joliet and 57 mis. from Chicago ; lies in a highly productive farming district. Two news- papers. Pop. about 800. Braiuards, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., on the Delaware R. and the Belvidere, Delaware & Flemington R. R., 7 mis. N. of Phillipsburg. Brainerd, p. v. in Crow Wing co., Mmn., on 1 he Mississippi R. and the Northern Paciflc R. R., 115 mis. from Duluth ; has one news- paper. Brainerd, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., on the Bennington & Rutland R. R., 11 mis. N. of Chath.am Pour Corners. Pop., 160. Braiutrce, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 3,948. Braintree, p. v. in the above tn., on the Old Colony R. R., 10 nils. S. of Boston ; has import- ant manufactories. Braintree, tn. m Orange co., Vt. Pop., 1,066. Braintree, p. v. in the above tn., 5 inls. N. of West Randolph. Braiutriui, tn. in Wyoming co., Pa. Pop., C20. Brainan's Corners, p. v. in Schenectady co., N Y., on Schoharie Cr., opposite Burtonsville. Branilette, p. o. in Wooilson co., Kans. Bramlette, p. o. in Gallatin co., Ky. Branch, tn. in Stanislaus co., Cal. Poi5„ 7S7. Branch, co. m Mich., S. part. Area, 528 sq. nils. Pop., 26,226 ; in i860. 20,981. It borders on Ind. The surface is untlulating, and the soil consists of a very rich sandy loam. The co. is occupied by forests and "oak openings.'* BRANCH. 141 BRAYSVILLE. The JiT. part is drained by the St. Joseph's R. and Hog Or.; the southern by the Coldwater R. The Southern Michigan "R. R. intersects the CO. from E. to W. Coldwater is tlie co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 50,7OG busli.; rye. 487bush.; Indian-corn, 454,593 bush.; oats, 185,707 bush.; Irish pot's, 3-2-2,145 bush.; •wool, 277,261 lbs.; butter, 084,639 lbs.; hay, 3.5,- 691 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,238,801. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,024,066. Value of manufactures, %861,034. Branch, tn. in Schuylkill co., Pa. Pop., 1,200. Branch, p. o. in Manitowoc co., Wis. Branchhurg', tn. in Somerset co. N. J. Pop., 1,2.51. Branch Bale, p. v. in Schuylkill co., Pa., 4 mis. S. W. of Minersville, on the Minehill & Schuylkill Haven R. R. Branch Junction, p. v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., on the Connemaugh R. and the Peiinsyl- vania Central R. R., 25 mis. W. of -Johnstown. Branchport, p. v. in Yates co., N. Y., on the N. W. extremity of Seneca Lake, 8 mis. S. W. from Penn Yan. Branch Shore, v. in Monmouth co., N. J., on the Ki.'w Jersey Southern R. R., }4 mle. E. of Long Branch. Branch's Store, p. o. in Duplin co.. N. C. Branchville, p. o. in St. Clair co., Ala. Branchville, p. o. in Mitchell co., (ia. Branchville, p. o. in Prince George s co., Md. Branchville, p. v. in Sussex co., N. J., 8 mis. N. of Newton. Branchville, p. v. in Orangeburgh district, S. C, on the South Carolina R. R., 62 mis. N. W. of Charleston, 75 mis. E. ot Augusta, Ga., and 68 mis. S. of Columbia. Branchville, p. v. in Southampton CO., Va., on the Seaboard & Roanoke R. R., 22 mis. N. E. of AVelflon. Bradenburg', p. v. and the co. seat of Meade CO., Ky., on the Ohio R., 37 mis. below Portland. It has a prosperous trade. Pop., 427. Brandon, p. o. in DeKalb co., Ala. Brandon, p. o. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Brandon, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,103. Brandon, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop., 1,284. BrandOfii, p. o. in the above tn. Brandon, p. o. in Douglas co., Minn. *Brandon, p. v. and the co. seat of Rankin co.. Miss., on the Vicksburg & Meridian R. R., 14 mis. E. of Jackson and 60 mis. from Vicks- burg ; In a cotton-growing section ; has one newspaper. Brandon, tn. in Franklin co., K. Y. Po^l, 692. Brandon, p. o. in Knox CO., Ohio. Brandon, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 3,571. *Brandon, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Rut- land & Vermont Valley R. R., 17 mis. N. of Rutland ; has a factory of scales, another of mineral paints, and a marble quarry. Brandon, tn. in Pilnce George co., V"a. Pop., 1,600. Brandon, p. v. in the above tn., on James R., 20 mis. from City Point. Brandon, p. v. in Fond du Lac co., Wis.,on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 74 mis. N. of Milwaukee and 8 mis. N. of Waupun ; has one newspaper. Brandon Church, p. o. in Prince George co., Va. Brandonville, p. v. in Schuylkill co.. Pa., on the Catawissa R. R., 8 mis. W. of Summit Sta- tion. Brandonville, p. v. in Preston co., W. Va. 20 mis. from Preston. Pop., 100. Brandt, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 1,359. Brandt, p. v. ui Miami co., Ohio, on the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R.,10i^ mis. W. of Piqua. Pop., 240. Brandy Camp, p. o. in Elk CO., Pa. Brandy Station, p. v. in Culpepper co.,Va., on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 56 mis. from Alexantlria. Brandy wine, tn. in New Castle co., Del. Pop., 3,180. Brandy wine, tn. in Hancock co., Ind. Pop., 1,061. Brandy wine, tn. in Shelby co., Ind. Pop., 1,224. Brandy wine, p. o. in Prince George's co., Md. Brandy wine 3Ianor, p. o. in Chester CO., Pa. Brandy wine River, tributary of the Dela- ware R., rises in Chester co., Pa., and flows through New Castle co., Del. Brandy wine Summit, p. o. in Delaware co.. Pa., and station on the Philadelphia & Balti- more (yCntral R. R. Bran ford, tn. in New Haven co., Conn. Pop., 2,488. Branford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Shore Line R. li., 8i4inls. E. of New Haven and near Long Island Sound. Branford Point is a fav- orite watering place. Brannen, p. o. in Coffee co., Ala. Brant, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 331. Itrant, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., 4 mis. S. of An- gola. Brant, p. o. in Calumet co.. Wis. Brantford, p. o. in ^Vashington co., Kans. Brantingham, p. o. in Lewis co., N. Y. Brashear, p. v. in St. Mary's parish. La., on Atchafahiya Bayou and on the New Orleans & Great "W^esteru R. R., 82 mis. W. of Algiers. Pop., 776. Brasher, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 3,342. *Brasher Falls, p. v. in the above tn., ne.ar Ogdensburg & Lake Champlaiu R. R., 36 mis. E. of Ogdensburg. Pop., 450. Brasher Iron Works, p. v. in the above tn., on the Deer R., 7 mis. N. of Brasher Palls. Pop., 2.50. Brasstown, p. o. in Cherokee co., N. C. Bratsberg-, p. v. in Fillmore co., Minn., 6 mis. S. of Rushford. Brattleborough, tn. In Windham co., Vt. Pop., 4,93.i. *Brattleborough, city in the above tn., on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 24 mis. N. of Greeniield, Mass.; has an asylum for the insane, and is a favorite summer resort. Its manufactures are important. Four newspa- pers. Bratton, p. o. in Nemaha CO., Nebr. Bratton, tn. in Mifflin CO., Pa. Pop., 852. Bratton's Mills, p. o. in Robertson co., Ky. Brattonville, p. v. in Armstrong co., Pa. Bravo, i). o. in Ailegan co., Mich. Brawley, tn. in Scott co.. Ark. Pop., 183. Braxton, co. in W. Va., central part. Area, 646 sq. mis. Pop., 6,480 ; in 1860, 4,992. The co. forms part of the great Appalachian plateau, and lies more than 1,000 ft. above the sea level. Its surface is broken and hilly. The numer- ous streams flow in deeply cut valleys. Elk R., a tributary of the Kanahwa, with its trib- utaries, Holly R., Birch R. and others, drain the southern part ; the Little Kanahwa the northern. Steer Cr., an affluent of the latter, rises in and drains the W. extremity. Brax- ton Court House is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 20,019 bush.; rye, 2,883 bush.; Indian-corn, 130,690 bush.; oats, 29,908 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,028 bush.; sweet pot's, 641 bush.; butter, 34,733 lbs.: hay, 1,951 tons. Cash value of farms, $878,588. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $247,372. Value of manu- factures, $89,720. Braxton Court House, or Suttonville, p. V. and the co. seat of Braxton co., W. Va., on Elk R., a tributary of the Great Kanawha, and 54 mis. from Kanawha Court House. Braysville, v. in Franklin co., Ind., on the White Water Valley R. R., 30 mis. N. of Cin- cinnati. BRAZEAU. 142 BEENFORD. Brazean, tn. in Perry co., Mo. Pop,, 2,281. Brazil, tu. in Clay co"., Ind. Pop., 2,772. ^Brazil, p. v. in the above tn., on tlic Terre liante & Indianapolis II. K., 16 mis. E. of Terre Haute. The surrounding district abounds in rich coal and iron deposits. It is rapidly growing, and has numerous collieries, blast furnaces and manufactoiles. Pop., 2,18(3. One newspaper. Brazito, p. o. in Cole co.. Mo. Brazoria, co. in Tex., S. E. part. Area about 1,200 sq. mis. Pop., 7,527 ; in J860, 7,143. It bor- ders on tlie Gulf of Mexico, and its shore is indented by tlie West B., a S. W. prolonga- tion of Galveston B. The co. is intersected by tlie Brazos R.,from which it receives its name. The other streams which drain it are the San Bernard B., Flores 11., and Chocdale R. The surface is low and level ; the soil pro- ductive. Timber is mostly confined to the river bottoms, wliile the larger part of tlie co. is covered by prairies. The Houston, Tap & Brazoria R. II. intersects the co., terminating at Brazoria, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 207,881 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,362 busli.; sweet pot's, 23,051 bush.; cotton, 2,988 bales. Casli value of farms, $1,435,070. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $557,- 284. Value of manufactures, $133,400. Brazoria, p. v. and co. seat of Brazoria co., Tex., on the Brazos R. Pop., 725. Brazos, co. in Tex., central part. Area about 325 sq. mis. Pop., 9,205; in 1860, 2,776. The Brazos R., from which it derives its name, forms the south-western boundary, and its tributary, the Kavasota, the eastern. The surface is undulating and tlie soil productive. Bryan is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 400 bush.; Indian-corn, 205,804 busli.; Irish pot's, 5,690 bush., sweet pot's, 38,597 bush.; cotton, 6,927 bales ; butter, 36,639 lbs. Cash value of farms, $109,705. Total, esti- mated, value of all fai-m productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $823,791. Value of manufactures, $80,980. Brazos River, one of the largest streams of Tex., rises in Bexar co., on the Llano Estaca- do, or Staked Plain, and traverses the state in an easterly and then south-easterly direction, emptying into the Gulf of Mexico, in Brazo- ria CO. It is navigable to Houston. Brazos Santiag'o, p. v. in Cameron co., Tex , at the southern extremity of tlie Laguna Madre. BrcaUabeeji, p. v. in Sclioliarie co., N. Y., on Schoharie Cr., 7>^ mis. S. of Middleburgh. Brcaliiieek, p. oTm Butler co.. Pa. Brcatliedsville, p. v. in Wasliingtoneo., Md., on Antietani Cr. and Washington .County Branch R. R., 17% mis. N. of Knoxvilleon the Potomac R. Breatliitt, co. in Ky., E. part. Area about 590 sq. mis. Pop., 5,672 ; in 1860, 4,980. The sur- face is elevated and hilly. The soil of the valleys, which are usually deeply cut, is very fertile ; while the uplands, consisting of prai- ries and forests, are but moderately produc- tive. The East Pork of the Kentucky R. in- tersects the CO. from S. to X., and then forms iiart of the N. boundary. It receives Cane ^^ork and Troublesome Cr. The jMiddle Fork of the Kentucky R. drains the W. part of the CO. Jaclcson is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,066 bush.; rye, .520 bush.; In- dian-corn, 106,729 bush.; oats, 8,205 busli.; Irish pot's, 11,224 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,.505 bush.; butter, 14,275 lbs.; hay, 91 tons. Cash value of farms, isi437,4(;9. Total, estimated, value of all farm proiluctions, including additions to stock, etc., .$198,701. Value of manufactures, $14,614. Brcaux Bridge, p. o. in St. Martin's parish, La. Breckeuridgc, tn. in Jackson co., Ark. Pop., 694. Breckinridge, p. v. and the co. seat of Sum- mit CO., Colo., on the Blue R. and Jf. of Gil- iners Pillars. Breckinridge, co. in Ky., N. W. part ; borders on Ind. Area about .500 sq. nils. Pop., 13,440 ; in 1S60, 13,236. The Ohio R. forms the N. W. boundary, and receives Clover Cr., Sinking Cr. and Yellow Cr. Rough Cr., a tributary of the Green, washes tlie'S. boundary. The surface is rolling, and in some parts hilly. Sinking Cr. a few miles from its source dis- appears below the ground, and re-appears 6 mis. below. Near it is tlie Penitentiary Cave. Hardinsburgh is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, .57,921 bush.; rye, .5,734 bush.; Indian-corn, 526,080 bush.; oats, 129,703 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,918 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,952 bush.; tobacco, 3,338,471 lbs.; butter, 139,- 207 lbs.; hay, 3,746 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,155,576. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,451,942. Valueof manufactures, $152,814. Breckinridge, p. v. in Wilkin co., Minn., on the Red R. of the North ; is the terminus of the St. Paul's & Pacific R. R., 82 mis. N. W. of Benson. Breckinridge, tn. in Caldwell co.. Mo. Pop., 1,336. Breckinridge, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 145 mis. W. of Hannibal. Pop., 515. Breckinridge, ]i. o. in Dallas co., Tex. Brecknock, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 813. Brecknock, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 1,600. Brecksville, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Pop., 1,007. Breedings, p. o. in Adair co., Ky. ^Breedsville, p. v. in Van Bur'en co., Mich., on the Cliicago & Michigan Lake Shore R. R., 15 mis. N. of Hartford. Pop., 650. Breese, p. v. in Greene co.. III., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 38 mis. E. of St. Louis. Breesport, p. v. in Chemung co., N. Y., 4 mis. E. of Horseheads, on the Elmira & Canandai- gua R. R. Pop., 292. Bredingsbnrgh, p. v. in Venango co.. Pa. Brcinigsville, p. v. in Lehigh co., Pa., on the Catasauqua & Fogelsville R. R., IJ^ mis. W. of Trexlertown. Bremen, tn. in Cook co.. III. Pop., 1,501. Bremen, v. in Dupage CO., III., on the Chicago & Rock Island R. R., 24 mis. W. of Chicago. Bremen, p. o. in Randolph CO., III. Bremen, p. v. in Marshal co., Ind., on the Yel- low R., 13 nils. N. E. of Plymouth. Bremen, p. o. in Muhlenburg co., Ky. Bremen, tn. in Lincoln co.. Me. Pop., 797. Bremen, p. o. in Wabashaw co., Minn. Bremen, p. v. in Fairfield co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati & Zanesville R. R., 12 mis. W. of New Lexington. Bremer, co. in Iowa, N. E. iiart. Area, 432 sq. mis. Pop., 12,528 ; in 1860, 4,915. The surface is undulating, and consists mostly of fertile prairies. The W. part is drained by the Red Cedar R., the eastern by the Wapsipinecon R. Both streams have a south-easterly course. Waverly is the co. seat. -'Vgr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 527,638 bush.; rye, 2,062 bush.; Indian-corn, 423,.362 bush.; oats, 387.658 bush.; Irish pot's, 77.349 bush.; sweet pot's, 1 bush.; wool, 20,101 lbs.; butter, 400,791 lbs.; hav, 26,550 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,486,291. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,162,714. Value of manufactures, $419,338. Bren»er, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 821. Bremo Bluff, p. v. in Fluvanna co.. Va. Bremond, p. v. in Robertson co., Tex., at the junction ot the Texas Central R. R. with the Waco & Northwestern R. R., 29 mis. N. of Hearne. Brenford, p. o. in Kent co., Del., on the Dela- ware R. R., 40 mis. S. of AVilinington. BRENHAM. 143 BRIDGEPORT. *BrenIiam, p. v. and tlie co. seat of "Washing- ton CO., Tex., on the Houston & Texas Central B. R., 75 mis. from Houston. Pop., '2,'221. It is situated in a rich agricultural district and has much trade and several manufactories. Two newspapers. Brenner, p. o. in Doniphan co., Kans. Breuton, tn. in Ford co., HI. Pop., 1,073. Brentsville, tn.,in Prince William co., Va. Pop., 937. BrentsvUle, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 3 mis. S. of Manassas Junction. Brentwood, p. o. in Appling co., Ga. Brentwood, v. iu Scott co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Sioux City R. R., 39mls. W. of St. Paul. Brentwood, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 895. Brentwood, p. v. in the ahove tn., 5J^ mis. W. of Exeter. Brentwood, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 10j2 mis. E. of Farmingdale. Brentwood, p. v. in "Williamson co., Tenn., 10 mis. from Nashville. Brereton, p. o. in Dane co., Wis. Breslau, p. o. in Suffolk CO., N. Y. Breton, tn. m "\Yashington co., Mo. Pop., 2,396. Bretzville, p. o. in Dubois co., Ind. Brevard, co. m Fla., S. E. part. Area about 2,300 sq. mis. Pop., 1,216; in 1860, 246. It bor- ders in the E. on the Atlantic Ocean, and in- cludes the largest portion of the Okeechobee Lake, which receives the Kissinee R. The southern section is occupied by the Ever- glades. The surface is low and level, and the soil in some sections productive. Saint Lucie is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : In- dian-corn, 38,650 bush.; sweet pot's, 38,700 busli.; rice, 6,150 lbs. Cash value of farms, $21,000. Total, estimated, value of all farm pi'oductions, including additions to stock, etc., $153,260. Brevard, p. v. and the co. seat of Transyl- vania CO., N. C, 20 mis. from Asheville. Brewer, tn. in Pike co., Ark. Pop., 597. Brew^er, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 3,214. *Brewer, p. v. in the above tn., on the Penob- scot R., opposite Bangor. Brewer's Mills, p. o. in Marshall co., Ky. Brewersville, p. v. in Jennings co., Ind., 6 mis. N. of North "Vernon. Brewerton, p. v. in Onondaga co., N". Y., on Oneida Lake and on the Syracuse Northern R. R., 14 nils. N. of Syracuse. Pop., 518. Brewerton, p. o. in Laurens district, S. C. Brewer Villag'e, p. v. in Penobscot CO., Me., on the Penobscot R., 2 mis. S. of Brewer. Brewerville, p. o. in Randolph co.. 111. Brewster, tn. in Barnstable co., Mass. Pop., 1,259. Brewster, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cape Cod R. R., 17 mis. "W. of Barnstable. Brewster's Station, p. v. in Putnam co., N. Y., on the Harlem R. R., 53 mis. N. of New Y'"ork city. The Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R. intersects the Harlem R. R. at this point. Much milk is shipped to New York. Iron mines in the vicinity. One newspaper. Brewton, p. v. in Escambia co., Ala., on the Mobile & Montgomery R. R., 7 mis. N. E. of Pollard. Briar Bluff, p. o. in Henry co., 111. Briar Creek, tn. in Columbia co.. Pa. Pop., 1.077. Briarfield, v. in Bibb co., Ala., on the Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R., 5 mis. S. of Monte- vallo. Brick, tn. in Ocean co., N. J. Pop., 2,724. Brick Chiirch, p. o. in Guilford co., N. C. Brick Church, p. v. in GUes co., Tenn., 8 mis. from Buford Station, on the Nashville & De- catur R. R. Brick Creek, tn. in Halifax co., Ya. Pop. 5,503. Brickerville, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Bricklaud, p. o. in Lunenburgh co., "Va. Brick Meeting Monse, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., 7% mis. N. of Northeast on the Philadelphia & Baltimore R. R. Brick Mill, p. o. in Blount CO., Tenn. Bricksbnrg'h, -p- v. in Ocean CO., N. J., on the New Jersey Southern R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Manchester and 22 mis. from Long Branch. One newspaper. Brick Store, p. o. in Lee co., Va. Bricksville, p. v. in Cuyahoga CO., Ohio, 15 mis. S. of Cleveland. Bridesbnrg, v. in Philadelphia co., Pa.,.on the Philadelphia & Trenton R. R., 4 nils, from Kensington Depot, Philadelphia. Brldg'eboroug'h, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J. l]4 mle. S. E. of Riverside. Bridge Creek, tn. in Ouachita co., Ark. Pop. 375. Bridge Creek, p. o. in Carroll co., Mo. Bridge Creek, p. o. in "Wasco co., Oreg. Bridge Creek, tn. in Eau Claire co., "Wis Pop., 1,338. Bridgehampton, tn, in Sanilac co., Mich Pop., 936. Bridgehampton, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the sea coast, 20 mis. "NV. of Montauk Point. Bridgeport, p. v. in Jackson co., Ala., on the Nashville & Chattanooga R. B., 28 mis. "W. of Chattanooga. Bridgeport, tn. in Mono co. Cal. Pop., 174. Bridgeport, p. v. in the above tn. and the co seat, on the Sierra Neveda and the East Walker R. Pop., 60. Bridgeport, tn. in Nevada co., Cal. Pop., 1,829 Bridgeport, tn. in Fairfield co.. Conn. Pop., 19,835. *Bridgeport, city in the above tn., on Long Island Sound and the New York & New Haven R. R., 59 mis. N. E. of New York and 17 mis. S. W. of New Haven ; is oivi of the foremost manufactoring cities of New England; pro- ducing sewing machmeS; fi re-arms, carriages and numerous otlier articles. The town has many elegant private residences and public buildings, and is noted for its fine position and charming views. The harbor will not admit vessels drawing more than 13 feet. It has much coast trade and 6 newspapers. Pop., IS,- 969 ; in 1860, 13,299, and in 1850, 7,560. *Bridgeport, p. v. in Lawrence co.. 111., 4 mis. by R. R. W. of Lawrenceville. Pop., 435. One newspaper. Bridgeport, p. v. in Marion co., Ind., on the Terre Haute & Indianapolis R. R., 9 mis. W. S. W. of Indianapolis. Bridgeport, v. in Harrison co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 9 mis. S. of New Albany. Bridgeport, p. o. in Jackson co., Iowa. Bridgeport, p. v. in Franklin co., Ky., 5 mis. W. S. W. of Frankfort. Bridgeport, p. o. in Caddo parish. La. Bridgeport, p. o. in Frederick co., Md. Bridgeport, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,171. Bridgeport, v. in the above tn., on the Flint & Pere Marquette R. B., 7 mis. S. of East Saginaw. Bridgeport, tn. in Warren co.. Mo. Pop., 822. Bridgeport, p. o. in the above tn. Bridgeport, p. v. in Gloucester CO., N. J., 8 mis. N. W. of Swedesborough. Bridgeport, p. v. in Madison co., N. Y., at Chittenango Station, 5 mis. N. of North Man- lius. Pop., 217. *Bridgeport, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., opposite Wheeling, with which it is connected by a suspension bridge. It has several mills and large warehouses. Its com- merce is extensive. Pop., 1,178. Bri«lgeport, \:>. o. in Polk co., Oreg. Bridgeport, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., on tlie Philadelphia & Reading R. R. and Schuyl- kill R., opposite Norristown. The Chester Valley R. R. connects here. Pop , 1,578. BEIDGEPORT. 144 BRIGHTON. Bridgeport, T.in Cumberland co., Pa., on the Susquehanna 11. and tlie Cumberland Valley R. R., 1 mle. W. of llarrisburg. Bridgeport, v. iu Clearfleldco., Pa. Bidgeport, p. o. in Cocke co., Tenn. Bridgeport, p. v. in Harrison co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 5mls. E. of Clarks- burg. Bridgeport, p. v. in Crawford co., Wis^ on the 31ilwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 8 mis. E. of Prairie du Chcin. Bridgeport Centre, p. v. in Sagina-w co., Mich., on the Pere Marquette R. R., 27 mis. N. of Flint. Bridger Station, v. in Uintah co., Wvo., on the Union Pacific R. R., 172 mis. E. of Ogdeu. Bridges, tn. in Ozark co.. Mo. Pop., 533. Bridgeton, p. v. in Parke co., Ind., on Big Raccoon Cr., 7 mis. E. of Rosedale. Bridgcton, tn. in Cumberland co.. Me. Pop., 2,(js.-). *Bridgeton, p. v. in tlie above tn., near Long Pond, 19 mis. S. W. of South Paris ; has woolen manufactories, and one newspaper. Bridgeton, tn. in Newaygo co., Mich. Pop., 397. Bridgeton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mus- kegon R., 10 mis. below Newaygo. Bridgeton, p. v. in St. Louis co.. Mo., 1 mle. from liridgeton Station, on the N. Missouri R. R., U\4 mis. N. W. of St. Louis. *Bridgetbn, city and the co. seat of Cumber- land CO., N. J.; is the terminus of a branch of the West Jersey R. R., 19 nils, from Glassboro and 37 mis. from Philadelphia. Is a port of entry ; the merchant marine consisted in 1870 of 279 vessels with 13,879 tons, and one steam- boat. It has important iron works, and 5 newspapers, and lies in a rich agricultui-al district. Pop., 6,830. Bridgetown, p. o. in Caroline co., Md, Bridge Valley, .p. o. in Bucks co.. Pa. Bridgeville, p. v. in Pickens co., Ala., on Lub- but Cr. and 8 mis. S. of CarroUton. Bridgeville, p. v. in Sussex co., Del., on the Delaware R. R.,7C mis. S. of Wilmington. Bridgeville, p. v. in Gratiot co., Mich., 11 mis. N. of St. Johns. Bridgeville, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., on the E. bank of the Delaware R., and on the Dela- ware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 20 mis. from Washington. Bridgeville, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. T , on Neversink R., 4)^ mis. E. of Monticello. Bridgeville, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, on Central Division of Baltimore & Ohio R. R., lO'K mis. E. of Zanesvillc. Bridgewater, tn. in Litchfield co., Conn. Pop., 877. Bridgcwatefr, p. v. in the above tn., 4J^mls. S. E. of New Milford on the Housatonic R. R. Bridgewater, p. o. in Clay co., Iowa. Bridgewater. tu. in Aroostook co., Me. Pop., GO."). Bridgewater, p. v. in the above tn., 23 mis. N. of Houlton. Bridgewater, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop.. o,G(iO. *Bridgewater, p. v. in the above tn., on the ; Old Colony & Newport R. R., 27 mis. S. of Bos- ton ; is the connection Avith the Abingdon & Bridgewater Branch. Its iron works are among the largest of the country. It has manufactories of cotton gins, boots and shoes, etc., and one newspaper. Is the seat of a nor- mal school. Bridgewater, tn. in Washtena co., Mich. Pop., 1,379. Bridgewater, p. o. in the above tn. Bridgwater, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., 957. Bridgewater, p. o. in Nodaway co.. Mo. Bridgewater, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 453. Bridgewater, p. v. in the above tn., o% mis. N. of Bristol, the terminus of a branch of the 2^orthern B, R. Bridge-water, tn. in Somerset co., N. J. Pop., 5,833. Bridgewater, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 1,258. Bridgewater, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. of Cassville by R. R. Pop., 230. Bridgewater, p. o. in Burke co., N. C. Bridgewater, tn. in Williams co.. Ohio. Pop.. 1,207. Bridgewater, p. o. in the above tn. Bridgewater, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 2 mis. 8, E. of Doylestown. Bridgewater, tn. in Susquehanna co., Pa. Pop., 1,459. Bridgewater, tn. in Windsor co., Yt. Pop., 1,141. Bridgewater, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. W. of Woodstock ; contains several manufacto- ries. Bridgcwrater, p. v. in Rockingham co., Va. Bridle Creelt, p. o. in Grayson co., Va., 7 mis. from Harrisonburg. Bridport, tu. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 1,171. Bridport, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. W. of Midtllebury. Briensburgh, p. o. in Marshall co., Ky. Brierfield, p. v. in Bibb co., Ala., on the Sel- ma, Rome & Dalton R. R., 11 mis. from Calera and 51 nils, from Selma. Brier Hill, p. o. in St. Lawrence co., N. T. Brier Mountain, chain in Preston co., W. Va., trending nearly N. & S. from Cheat R. to Youghiogheny R., and along the western boundary of Maryland. Briggsville, p. o. in Luzerne CO., Pa. Briggsville, p. v. in Marquette co., Wis., II14 mis. N. V/. of Portage City. Bringhani City, p. v. and the co. seat of Box Elder co., Utah, iy, mis. S. E. of Corinne on the Union Pacific it. R. . Pop., 1,315. Bright, p. o. in Dearborn co., Ind. Brighton, tn. in Sacramento CO., Cal. Pop., 909. Brighton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cen- tral Pacific R. R.J 434 nils. S. E. of Sacramento. ^Brighton, p. v. in Macoupin CO., 111., at tho intersection of the Chicago & Alton R. R. with the Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louia R. R., 12 mis. N. E. of Alton. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural district. Brighton, p. o. in La Grange CO., Ind. Brighton, tn. in Cass co., Iowa. Pop., 337. Brighton, tn. in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 1,.j84. ^Brighton, p. v. in the above tn., near the Skunk R., and on the Southwestern Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 13 mis. S. W. of Washington. Pop., 785. Brighton, tn. in Somerset CO., Me. Pop., 627. Brighton, p. o. in the above tn. Brighton, p. v. in Montgomery CO., Md., 14^ mis. W. of Laurel Factory on the Baltimore & Washington R. R. Brighton, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 4,9lJ7. -^Brighton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Bos- ton & Albany R. R., 5 mis. W. of Boston ; has a noted cattle market. Brighton, tn. in Livingston co., Micb. Pop., 1,440. *Brighton,; p. v. in the above tn., on the De- troit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R., 43 mis. from Detroit. Pop., 454. Brighton, p. v. in Polk CO., Mo., 7 mis. from Bolivar. Brighton, tn. in Franklin Co., N. Y. Pop., 204. Brighton, tn. in Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 4,304. Brighton, p. v. in the above tn., on New i'oi'k Central R. R., 3 mis. E. of Rochester. Brighton, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., 508. Brighton, p. o. in the above tu. Brighton, v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, on the ISIarietta & Cincinnati R. R., 3 mis. E. of C-n- cinnati. Brighton, tn. in Eeayer co., Pa. Pop., 8iL BRIGHTON. 145 BRISTOL SPRINGS, Bri^bton, p. o. in Beaufort district, S. C. Brig-hton, tn. in Essex CO., Vt. Pop., 1,535. Brighton, tn. in Kenosha CO., Wis. Pop., 1,185. Brig-Uton, p. o. in the above tn. Brig-tat Star, p. o. in La Fayette CO., Ark, Bright Star, v. in Hopkins co., Tex., 5 mis. from Tarrant. Brightwood, p. o. in "Washington, D C. Brillion, tn. in Calumet co., Wis. Pop , 672. Brillion, p. o. in the above tn. Briinfield, tn. in Peoria co.. 111. Pop., 1,547. "'Briiiifield, p. v. in the above tn., on the Buda & Rashville Division of the Chicago, Burling- ton & Quincy R. R., 38 mis. S. of Buda and 16 nils. S. of Wyoming. Briintield, p. v. In Noble co.. Ind., on the Lake 8hore & Micliigau Soutiiern R. E., 108 mis. W. of Toledo. Brisafield, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 1,-2^S. Brimlield, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Palmer on the Boston & Albany R. R. Briinfield, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. Pop,. 913. Brinifield, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis S. of Kent, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. BrinokerhoflTvllle, p. o. in Dutchess co., N.Y. Brindletown, p. o. in Burke co., N. C. Bring'hiirst, p. o. in Carroll co., Ind. BriiiUcrton, p. o. in Clarion co., Pa. Brinkley, p. v. in Monroe co.. Ark., on the Memphis & Little Rock R. R., 70 mis. from Memphis, Tenn., and 65 mis. from Little Rock. Pop. about ,500. BrinUleyville, p. v. in Halifax co., N. C, 15 mis. S. W. of Halifax, on the Wilmington & WoUlon R. R. Briulcmaii, p. o. in Vernon co., Wis. Briiiley's Station, p. v. in Preble co., Ohio, on the Dayton & Western R. R., 23^ mls.W. of Dayton. Briiisonville, p. o. in Burke co., Ga. Briuton, p. o. in Alleghany CO., Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 12 mis. E. of Pittsburgh. Brisben, p. v. in Chenango co., N. T., on the Utica, Chenanj'o & Susquehanna Division of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 75 mis. from Utica. Briscoe, p. o. in Sullivan CO., N. Y. Briscoe Bun, p. o. in Wood co., W. Va. Bristersbnrgh, p. o. in Fauquier co., Va. Bristoe Station, p. v. in Prince William co., Va.. on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 14 mis. W. of Fairfax Court House. Bristol, CO. in Mass., S. E part. Area, 515 sq. mis. Pop., 102,886; in 1860, 93,794. It borders in the W. on R. I., and in the S. on Buzzard's B. The surface is generally level and the soil productive. The sea coast is about 20 mis. long, and is indented with several good har- bors. The largest stream is the Taunton R., wliicli flows through the co. from N. to S., re- ceives several small affluents, and passing through R. I. empties into Narragansett B. There are several productive iron mines in the CO. Manufacturing and navigation are the chief occupations of the inhabitants. Several railroad lines intersect the co. Taun- ton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "Wheat, 644 bush.; rye, 7,928 bush.; Indian-corn, 82,256 bush.; oats, 40,003 bush.; Irish pot's, 237,- 675 bush.; sweet pot's, 2 bush.; butter, 223,986 lbs.: hay, 27,091 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,737,831. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,660,002. Value of manufactures, $41,- 721,955. Bristol, CO. in R. I., E. part. Area about 25 sq. mis. Pop., 9,421 ; in 1860, 8,907. It borders in the N. on Mass., and forms a peninsula be- tween Providence B. and Mount Hope B. The surface is uneven but low, and the soil is very productive. There are several small lakes within its limits. Navigation and fishing are among the most important branches of busi- 10 ness. The Providence, Warren & Bristol R. B. passes through the co. from S. to N. Bristol is the CO. seat. Agr. pi-oductions in 1870: Wheat, 8 bush.; rye, 1,576 bush.; oats, 5,934 bush.; Indian-corn, 13,521 bush.; Irish pot's, 34,996 bush.; sweet pot's, 36 bush.; butter, 26,- 715 lbs.; hav, 2,551 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,320,950. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc tions, including additions to stock, etc., $261,295. Value of manufactures, $4,950,363. Bristol, p. o. in Phillips co.. Ark. Bristol, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop., 3,788. ♦Bristol, p. V. in the above tn., on the Hart- ford, Providence & FishkiU R. R., 18 mis. from Hartford ; has several important manufacto- ries. In the neighborhood is a valuable cop- per mine. Bristol, p. V. and co. seat of Liberty co., Fla., on the Apalachicola R., and 26 mis. S. W. of Quincy. Bristol, tn. in Kendall co.. III. Pop., 1,352. Bristol, p. V. in the above tn., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 47 mis. W. of Chi- cago. Bristol, p. V. in Elkhart co., Ind., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 8 mis. W. of Elkhart, it lies in a fertile agricultural dis- trict. Pop., 681. Bristol, tn. in AVorth co., Iowa. Pop., 503. Bristol, p. V. in the above tn., 23 mis. N. W. of Mason City. Bristol, tn. in Lincoln co., Me. Pop., 2,916. Bristol, p. V. in the above tn., 63^ mis. S. of New Castle. Bristol, p. V. in Anne Arundel CO., Md., 5 mis. E. of Upper Marlborough. Bristol, p. o. in Isabella Co., Mich. Bristol, tn. in Fillmore co., Minn., Pop., 933. Bristol, p. o. in the above tn. Bristol, tn. in Grafton co.. N. H. Pop., 1,416. ^Bristol, p. V. in the above tn., the terminus of a branch of the Northern New Hampshire R. R., 15 mis. N. of Franklin. It has several manufactories of leather and woolen goods. Bristol, tn. in Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 1,551. Bristol, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. from East Bloomneld. Bristol, tn. in Morgan co., Ohio. Pop., 1,469. Bristol, p. o. in the above tn. Bristol, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 983. Bristol, tn. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pop., 2,040. ♦Bristol, p.bor. in the above tn., on the Dela- ware R., opposite Burlington, and on the Philadelphia & Trenton R. R., 11 mis. from Trenton and 17 mis. from Philadelphia. It has manufactories. Two newspapers. Pop., 3,269. Bristol, tn. in Bristol co., R. 1. Pop., 5,302. ♦Bristol, port of entry in the above tn. and CO. seat ; is the terminus of the Providence, AVarren & Bristol R. R., 15 mis. S. E. of Provl- dence, and lies on Narragansett B. Plumbago is found in the vicinity. One newspaper. ♦Bristol, p. V. in Sullivan co., Tenn., at the junction of the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R. with the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 130 mis. N; E. of Knoxville and 73 mis. S. W. of WythviUe, Va. It lies on the Holston It. in a fertile valley. Bristol, p. o. in Ellis co., Tex. Bristol, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 1,365. Bristol, p. V. in the above tn., 5)4 mis. E. of New Haven Station on Rutland & Burlington R. B. Bristol, V. in Washington co., Va., at junction of East Tennessee, "Virginia & Georgia R. K. with Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 14 mis. S. W. of Abingdon. One newspaper. Bristol, tn. in Dane CO., Wis. Pop., 1,274. Bristol, tn. in Kenosha co.. Wis. Pop., 1,140. Bristol, p. V. in the above tn., on the Kenosha Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 12 mis. from Kenosha. Bristol Centre, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., on Mud Ci\, 9 mis. S. W. of Canandaigua. Bristol Springs, p. o. in Ontario co., N. Y. BRISTOL STATION. 146 BROOKFIELD. Bristol Station, p. v. in Kendall CO., 111., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 47 mis. W. S. W. of Chicago. Bristolville, p. v. in Trumbull co., Ohio, 11 mis. N. of Warren. Bristoria, p. o. In Greene co., Pa. Bristow !anding', p. o. in Decatur co., Tenn. Broken Arrow, p. o. in St. Clair co., Ala. Brokenbnri^, p. o. in Spottsylvanla co., Va. Broken Kettle, p. o. in Plymouth co., Iowa. Broken Straw, p. o. in Chautauqua CO., N. Y. Broken Straw, tn. in Warren co.. Pa. Pop., 1,048. Broken Sword, p. o. in Crawford co., Ohio. Bronco, p. o. in Nevada co , Cal. Bronson, p. o. in Lev.y co.. Fla. Bronson, tn. in Branch co., Mich, Pop , 2,100. Bronson, p. v. in the above tn.. on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., GJ^ mis. W. of Cold Water. Bronson, tn. in Hiiron CO., Ohio. Pop., 980. Bronxville,p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the Harlem R. R. Brook, p. o. in Newton co., Ind. Brookdale, p. v. and the co. seat of Rice co., Kaus., 29 mis. N. W. of Lake Village. Brookdale, p. v. in Susquehanna co.. Pa., 2 mis. S. W. of Corbettsville, N. Y., on the Dela- ware & Lackawanna R. R. Brooke, CO., in W. Va., N. part. Area, 75 sq. mis. Pop., 5,464 ; in 1860, 5,494. It is bounded on the W. by the Ohio R., which separates it from Ohio ; and on the E. by the state line of Pennsylvania. The surface is broken and hilly: the soil very fertile. Wells Cr., Cross Cr aiia Buffalo Cr. traverse it from E. to V\ . and empty into the Ohio. Wellsburg is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 45,884 bush.; rye, 1,445 bush.; Indian-corn, 185,576 bush.; oats, 81,135 bush.; Irish pot's, 45,850 bush.; sweet pot's, 355 bush.; butter, 110,307 lbs.; hay, 7,570 tons. Cash value of farms, i5i3,548,075. To'tal, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $582,- 583. Value of manufactures, $200,738. Brookeland, p. o. in Saline CO., Tex. Brooke's Station, p. o. in Stafford co., Va. Brookfleld, tn. in Fairfield CO., Conn. Pop., 1,193. Brookfield, p. v. in the above tn., on the Housatonic R. R., 29 mis. N. of Bridgeport. Brookfield, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,230. Brookfleld, p. v. in Shelby co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & Lafayette R. R., 15 mis. s. E. of Indianapolis. Brookfleld, tn. in Clinton co.,Iowa. Pop. ,1,040. Brookfleld, tn. in Worth co., Iowa. Pop., 274. Brookfleld, tn. in Worcestiir co., Mass. Pop., 2,527. Brookfleld, p. v. in the above tn., on the Bos- ton & Albany R. R., 23 mis. W. of Worcester; has large boot and shoe manufactories. Brooklield, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 116. Brookfleld, tn. in Eaton co., Mich. Pop., 1,057. Brookfleld, p. o. in the above tn. Brookfield, tn. in Linn co.. Mo. Pop., 2,321. *Brookfleld, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 5 mis. E. of Lac- lede ; has R. R. machine shojps and two news- papers. Brookfleld, tn. in Carroll co , N. H. Pop,, 416. Brookfield, p. o. in the above tn. Brookfield, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Pop., 3.5!J5. Brookfield, p. o. of Clarkvillc in the above tn., nils, from North Brookfleld Station on the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. BROOKFIELD. 147 BROOKLYN. Bi'ookfield, tn. in Koble co., Ohio. Pop., 97S. Brookficld, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., Bfookfieid, p. v. in the above tn., 11 J^ mis. E. of \Vaiicn. Brookfield, tn. in Tioga co., Pa. Pop., 885. Brnokfiold, p. o. in the above tn. BrooliHeltl, tn. in Orange co. Vt. Pop.,l,2(>9. Brooliiield, p. v. m the above tn., 9 nils. N^. N. !■). of West Kandolph, on the Vermont Central li. R. Brookfleld, tn. in "Waukesha co. , "Wis. Pop., •2,231. Jtrookfield Centre, p. v. in Fairflelcl co., Oonu., near the Ilousatonic R. R., wliere it eonneots with the New York, Housatonic & Northern R. R. BrooJifield Centre, p. v. in "STaukcsha co., Wis., on the Mil^\-aukee &St. Paul R. R.,13 mis. W. of Milwaukee. *Broolchaven, p. v. and the co. seat of Lin- coln CO., Miss., on the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 78 mis. S. of Canton; has manufactories and lumber trade. One newspaper. Brookhaven, tn. in Suffolk co., N. Y. Pop., 10,159. Brook haven, p. o. in the above tn. Brooking', co. in Dak., E. part. Area about 4,000 sq. mis. Pop., 1d3. It borders in the E. on Minnesota. The surface is rolling and ele- vated. The Big Sioux R., a tributary of the Missouri, rises in this co. and flows to the S. The N. E. part is drained by affluents of the Minnesota R. There are numerous ponds and lakes in this co. Agr. productions in 1870 : Butter, 7?0 lbs. Cash value of farms, §6,800. Total, estimated, value of all farni produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $8-25. Brookland, p. o. in Potter co., Pa. Brooklaiid, tn. in Henrico CO., "Va. Pop., o/''/2. Brooklandville, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., ou the Western Marj'land R. K., 3 m.ls. froiu Relay. Brooklln, p. V. in Hancock co.. Me., on Blue HiU B.. 12 mis S. of Blue Hill. Brooklin, p. o. in Robeson co., N. C. Brookline, p. o. in Jackson parish. La. Brookline, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., Brookline, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. "W. of Boston ; is a place of residence for men do- ing business in Boston, and has one news- paper. Brookline, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. 11. Pop., 741. Brookline, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. "W. of l^^^ast Pepperell, on the "Worcester & Na- shua R. R. Brookline, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 203. Brookline Station, p. o. in Greene co.. Mo. Brooklyn, p. a'. in Conecuh co., Ala., '20 mis. from Evergreen. Brooklyn, tn. in Alameda co., Cal. Pop., 2,8 Kj. Brooklyn, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cen- tral Pacilic R. R., 9 mis. from San Francisco, near the B. of San Francisco and the city of Oakland. Pop., 1,G03. One newspaper. It has u good harbor, Brooklyn, tn. in M indham co., Conn. Pop., Brooklyn, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 4 mis. W. of AVest Killingly, on the Nor- wich i& Worcester R. R. Brooklyn, tn. in Lee co., 111. Pop., 1,235. Brooklyn, tn. in Schuyler co.,Hl. Pop., 1,071. Brooklyn, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. W. of Rushville. Brooklyn, p. v. in Morgan CO., Ind., on the Indianapolis & Vincennes R. R., 20i^ mis. S. "W. of Indianapolis. Pop., 100. ^Brooklyn, p. v. in Poweshiek CO., Iowa, near the Mississippi & Missouri B. R., 20 mis. W. of Marengo. Pop., 971. It is surrounded by a rich prairie country ; has an important trade in grain, and two newspapers. Brooklyn, p. o. in Butler co., Ky. Brooklyn, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 966. Brooklyn, p. o. In Anne Arundel co., Md. Brooklyn, tn. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 1,691, *Brooklyn, p. v. in the above tn., on the De- troit & Hillsdale K. R.,39 mis. W. of Ypsilauti. Pop., 545. Brooklyn, tn. in Hennepin co., Minn. Pop., Brooklyn, p. o. in the above tn. Brooklyn, p. o. in Harrison co., Mo. Brooklyn, p. o. in Franklin co., Nebr. ♦^Brooklyn, city and Co. seat of Kings's co., N. Y.; is situated at the western extremity of Long Island, on the East River, opposite New York, and on New York B. It has a water frontage of more than 10 mis., extending from Newton Cr. to the limits of Greenwood Ceme- tery ; and formerly consisted of several towns, as Brooklyn proper, Williamsbui'gli, Bu.sh- wick, etc., which were incorpoi-ated under one mnnicipal government in ISo.i. Brooklyn is connected with New York l)y several lines of st860,127. Value of manufactures, $2,076,410. Brown, tn. in Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 1,000. Brown, tn. in Champaign CO., 111. Pop., 486. Brown, tn. in Hancock co., Ind. Pop., 1,329. Brown, tn. in Ileutlricks CO., Ind. Pop., 1,233. Brown, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 1,673. Brown, tn. in Martin co., Ind. Pop., 1,048. Brown, tn. in Montgomery co. lud. Pop., 2,126. Brown, tn. in Ripley CO., Ind. Pop., 2,234. Brown, tn. in Washington CO., Ind. Pop., 1,521. Brown, tn. in Linn CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,581. Brown, tn. in Manistee co., Mich. Pop., 459. Brown, p. o. in the above tn. Brow u, tn. in Carroll CO., Ohio. Pop., 2,022. Brown, tn. in Darke Co., Ohio. Pop., 1,239. Brown, tn. in Delaware CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,108. Brown, tn. in Franklin eo., Ohio. Pop., 819. Broivn, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 1,242. Brown, tn. in Miami co., Ohio. Pop., 1,639. Brown, tn. in Paulding co., Oliio. Pop., 1,140. Brown, tn. in Vinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,294. Itrowu, tn. in Lycoming co., Pa. Pop., 347. Brown, tn. in Mittiin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,192. Browne Hill, p. o. in Wythe co., Va. Browufield, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 1,323. Brownflcld, p. v. in the above tn., 303^ mis. from Gorham and 42 mis. N. W. of Portland. Brown Uill, tn. in Franklin co., Va. Pop., 1,692. Brownbelm, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., 1,401. Brownhelm, p. v. in the above tn., near the Lake Shore R. R., 10 mis. W. of Elyria. Brown Hill, p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa. Browning', tn. in Schuyler co., 111. Pop., 2,1.39. Browning, p. v. in the above tn., on the Illi- nois li. and 6 nils, by R. R. N. E. of Frederick. Pop., 214. Browning, p. o. in Carroll co., Iowa. Browning, p. o. in Linn Co., Mo. Bro^vning'sville, p. o. in Bracken CO., Ky. Brownington, in. in Orleans co., Vt. Pop., 901. Bro^vnington, p. o. in the above tn. Brownlow, p. o. in Butler co., Kans. Brown's Blulf, p. o. in Rusk co., Tex. Brownsborongh, p. v. in Madison co., Ala., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 12inls. F. of Iluntsville. Brownsborongli, p. v. in Oldham co., Ky., 5 mis. W. by S. of La Grange, the co. seat. Brownsborongh, p. o. in Jackson co., Oreg. Brownsborongh, p. o. in Washington co., Tenn. Brownsborongh, p. o. in Henderson CO., Tex. Brownsburgh, p. v. in Hendricks co., Ind., on the Bloomington & Western R. R.,14J4inls. N. W. of Indianapolis. Pop., 551. Brownsburgh, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Delaware R., 10 mis. E. of Doyelstown and 12 mis by R. R. from Trenton, N. J. Browiisburgh, p. v. in Rockbridge co., Va., on Moffet's Or. and 11 mis N. E. of Lexington, the CO. seat. Brown's Church, p. o. in Cumberland co., Va. Brown's Corners, p. o. in Huntington co., Ind. Brown's Cove, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Brown's Creek, p. o. in Harrison co., W. Va. Brown's Cross Roads, p.o. in Clinton co.,Ky. Brownsdale, p. v. in Mower co., Minn., on tlie Southern Minnesota R. R., 102 mis. from Mil- waukee, and 5 mis from Ramsey. Daily stages connect it with Madison, top. about 250. Brownsdale, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. Brown's Mills, p. o. in Burlington CO., N. J. Brown's Mills, p. o. in Washington co., Ohio. Brown's Mills, p. v. in Franklin co.. Pa., near Cumberland Valley R. R., 8 mis. S. of Cbamber.sburg. Brownsport Fnrnace, p. o. in Decatur co., Tenn. Browns Station, p. o. in White co., 111. Brown's Station, p. o. in Clinton co., Iowa. Brown's Station, p. o. in Ulster co., K. Y. Browns Station, p. o. in Preble CO., Ohio. Browns Store, p. o. in Union district, S. C. Brown's Store, p. o. in Northumberland co., Va. Brown's Store, tn. in Lunenburg co., Va. Pop., 2,147. Brown's Summit, p. o. in Guilford co., N. C. Brownstown, p. v. in Fayette co., 111., on the St. Louis, A'audalia, Terre Haute & Indiana- polis R R., 7% mis E. of Vandalia. Brownstown, tn. in Jackson co., Ind. Pop., •l.bSO. *Brownstoirn, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 11 mis. E. of Seymour ; and on the Driftwood Fork of While R. Pop., 576. A rich, partly well timbered district surrounds the town. Iron mines are in the vicinity. One news- paper. Brownstown, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 2,037. Brownstown, v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. W. of Huron Station. Brown's Valley, p. v. in Yuba co., Cal., 10 mis. N. E. of Marysville. Brown's Valley, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ind., on the Logansport, Crawfordsville & Southwestern R. R., 12 mis. S. S. W. of Craw- fordsville. Brown's Valley, p. o. in Traverse co., Minn. Brownsville, p. o. in Clay CO., Ala. Brownsville, p. v. in Yuba co., CaL, 28 mis. N. E. of Marysville. Brownsville, p. o. in Clear Creek co., Colo. Brownsville, p. v. in Paulding co., Ga., 18 mis. from Marietta. Brownsville, p. o. in Perry co.. 111. Brownsville, tn. in Union co., Ind. Pop., 900. Brownsville,p. v. in the above tn.^n the Cin- cinnati & Indianapolis .Junction R. R., 7mls. AV. of Liberty. Pop., 320. Brownsville, v. in Montgomery co., Ind., on the Logansport, Crawfordsville & South- western R. R., 12 nals. from Crawfordsville. Brownsville, p. v. and co. scat of Edmonson CO., Ky., on Green R., 19 mis. below Munfords- vilie. Brownsville, or Brownville, tn. in Piscata- quis CO., Me. Pop., 860. Brownsville, p. v. in the above tn., 4J^ mis. jSr. of Milo. Brownsville, p. v. in Washington co., Md., on Washington County R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Har- IK'r's Ferry. Brownsville, p. v. in Cass co., Mich., 5 mis. S. E. of Cassopolis. Brownsville, v. in Kent co., Mich., on the Tborn Ap])lo R., 10 mis. S. of Ada. Brownsville, v. in Lenawee co., Mich., 5J^ mis. W. of Ridgoway. Brownsville, tn. in Houston co., Minn. Pop., 1,589. *Brownsville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississippi R.. 9 mis. below La Crosse. Pop., 625. *Brownsville, p. v. in Saline co., Mo., on Black R., lii]4 mis. from Scdalia ; in an agricultural districTt. One newspaper. Brownsville, p. o, in Granville co., K. C. Brownsville, p. v. in Licking co , Ohio, S]^ nils. E. of .Jacksontown. Pop., 384. Brownsville, v. in Monroe co., Ohio, 18 mis. S. S. E. of Woodsfleld. Brownsville, p. v. in Luin co., Oreg., on Cala* BROWNSVILLE. 151 BRUSH CREEK. nooga Cr., and 10 mis. S. E. of Boston Mills on the Oregon & California R. R. Brownsville, tn. in Fayette co., Pa. Pop., •2,035. *BrowiisTille, p. v. in the above tn., on the Monongahela K. and 12 mis. N. W. of Union- town, the CO. seat. It has manufactories, and a line of steamboats connects it with Pitts- burgh. Two newspapers. Pop., 1,749. Brownsville, p. o. in Marlborough district, S. C. Brow^nsville, tn.in Haywood co., Tenn. Pop., 4,262. ♦Brownsville, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Memphis & Louisville R. R., 57 mis. X. E. of Memphis and 320 mis. S. W. of Louisville. Pop., 2,457. ♦Brownsville, city, port of entry and the co. seat of Cameron cb., Tex., on the Rio Grande, nearly opposite Matamoras, Mexico. It has considerable commerce, chiefly witli Mexico. The region around consists of extensive prai- ries, supporting large stock tarms. Four newspapers. Pop., 4,905 ; in 1860, 2,734. Brownsville, p v. in Windsor co.,Vt., 6}.^ mis. W. of Windsor. Browntown, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Brownville, p. o. in Mitchell co., Iowa. BrowuY'ille, tn. in Piscataquis co., Me. Pop., 860. *Brownville, p. v. and the co. seat of Kemaha CO., Nebr., on the Missouri R., 8 mis. above Nemaha City. Agricultural district. Two newspapers. Pop., 1,305. Brownville, tn. m Jefferson co., N. Y. Pop. , 3,219. ♦Brownville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg R. R., 5J4 mis. N. W. of Watertown. Pop., 450. Brownwood, p. v. and the co. seat of Brown CO., Tex., 98 mis. from Aiistin. Bruce, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,921. Bruce, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 567. Bruce, tn. in Macomb co., Mich Pop., 2,145. Bruceport, p. o. in Pacific co., Wash. Ter. Bruce's I^ake, p. o. in Fulton co., Ind. Bruceton Ulills, p. v. in Preston co., W. Va., on Big Sandy Cr., 2 mis. S. W. of Brandonville. Bruceville, p. o. iu Bullock co., Ala. Bruceville, p. o. in La Salle co^ 111. Bruceville, p. v. in Knox co., Ind., on the In- dianapolis & Vincennes R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Vincennes. Brneletts, tn. in Edgar co., IU. Pop., 1,086. Bruin, p. o. in Elliott co., Ky. Bruin, p. v. in Butler co.. Pa., 4 mis. from Par- ker's Station. Bruinsrton, p. o. in King and Queen co., Va. Brule River, p. o. in Lake co., INIinn. Bruly Juandin^, p. v. in West Baton Rouge parish, La. on the Mississippi R., 6 mis. below Baton Rouge. Brunifield Station, p. o. in Boyle co., Ky., on the Knoxville Branch R. R., 16 mis. E. of Lelianon. Brunifieldville, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. Bruniley, p. o. in Miller co.. Mo. Brnuersburgrli, p. o. in Defiance co., Ohio. BruncrstoTvn, v. in Putnam co., Ind., 7 mis. from Greeneastle. Brunerville, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Brunot, p. o. in Wayne co.. Mo. Brunson, p. o. in Beaufort district, S. C. Brunswiclt, co. in N. C, forming the soiith- ern extremity of the state. Area about 950 sq. mis. Pop., 7,7.54; in 1860, 8,406. It borders in the S. on the Atlantic Ocean, in the E. on the Cape Fear R., and in the W. on the Wac- camaw R. Smith's Island with Cape Fear lies near the S. E. extremity, off the month of Cape Fear R. The surface is low and level and consists mostly of either swamps or pine barrens. The northern extremity is inter- sected by the Charlotte & Rutherford R. R., and the Wilmington & Manchester R. R. Smithville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wlieat, 12bush.; rye, 65 bush.; Indian- corn, 56,211 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,890 bush.; sweet pot's, 129,168 bush.; rice, 748,418 lbs.; butter, 9,815 lbs. Gash value of farms, .$376,432. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $291,062. Value of manufactures, |143,105. Brunswick, co. in Va., S. part ; borders on N. C. Area about 615 sq. mis. Pop., 13,427; in 1860, 14,809. It has an undulating and in some parts a level surface and a moderately fertile soil. The Nottoway R. forms the northern boundary and receives Wagua and Sturgeon Crs. The Meherrin R. intersects the co. from W. to E. and drains the largest part of it. Its tributaries are Great Cr., Rose's Cr. and Ready Cr. from the N., and Rattlesnake Cr. from the S. The extreme southern part of the CO. is drained by several small affluents of the Roanoke R. Lawrenceville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat. 44,309 bush.; Indian-eorn, 106,892 bush.; oats, 68,283 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,591 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,801 bush.; tobacco, 1,121,480 lbs.; butter, 50,335 lbs.; hay, 1,357 tons. Cash value of farms, $694,602. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., i5i.546,327. Value of manufactures, $240,254. ^Brunswick, p. v., port of entry and the co. seat of Glynn co., Ga., on St. Simons Sound ; is the tenhinus of the Brunswick & Albany R. R. and the Macon & Brunswick R. R., 186 mis. S.E. of Macon. Pop., 2,348. It has consid- erable commerce, the harbor being one of the best on the southern coast. One newspaper. Brunswick, p. o. in Peoria co., 111. Brunswick, p. v. iu Lake co., Ind., 10 mis. W. of Crown Point. ♦Brunswick, p. v. in Cumberland co., Me., on tlie right bank of the Androscoggin R. and on the Maine Central R. R., 30 mis. N. E. of Port- land. The R. is navigable to tlie Lower Falla near this town. It has a large trade in lumber, and Is the seat of Bowdoin College and a Medical School. Pop., 1,449. Three newspa- pers. Brunswick, p. v. and the co. seat of Kane- bee CO., ]Minu, on the Snake R., 43 mis. N. of Anoka. Pop., 93. Brunswick, p. o. in Warren co., Miss. Brunswick, tn. in Chariton co., Mo. 'Pop., 4,570. ♦Brunswick, p. v. in the above tn., at the junction of Grand and Missouri Rs., 65 mis. above Booneville, and on the St. Louis, Kan- sas & Northern R. R., 185 mis. from St. Louis. Has manufactories and considerable river commerce. Pop., 1,645. One newspaper. Brunswick, tn. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Pop., 3,128. Brnns'wick, v. in Brunswick co., N. C, on the Wilmington, Columbus & Augusta R. R., 3 mis. W. of Wilmington. Brunswick, tn. in Medina Co., Ohio. Pop.. 980. Brunswick, p. o. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. of Medina. Brunswick, tn. in Essex co., Vt. Pop., 221. Brunswick, p. o. in the above tn. Brunswick, tn. in Eau Claire co., Wis. Pop., 575. Brush Creek, p. o. in Perry co., Ala. Brush Creek, tributary of the Ohio R., in Richland and Adams cos., Ohio. Brush Cr.eek, tn. in Washington co., Ark. Pop., 740. Brush Creek, p. v. in Butte CO., Cal., between Feather R. and Middle Fork, 20 mis, N. E. of Oroville, the co. seat. It lies on the Sieri-a Nevada. Brush Creek, v. in Knox co.. 111., 10 mis. S. B. of Knoxville. Brush Creek, p. v. in Fayette co., Iowa, 17 mis. S. E. of West Union. Brush Creek, p. o. in Cherokee co., Kana. BRUSH CREEK. 152 BUCHANAN. Brnsta Creels, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Pop., 422. Brnsb €reeli, p. v. in Laclede co., Mo., on the Atlantic & Pacific K. It., 9 mis. from Lebanon. Pop., 28. Brasli Creeli, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop.. 1,29-2. Brush CreeU, p. o. in the above tn. Brusb €reek, tn. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Pop., 697. Brnsb Creefc, tn. in Highland co., Ohio. Pop.. 1,601. Brusb Creeli, tn. in Scioto co., Ohio. Pop., 1,410. Brusb Creels, tn. in Fulton CO., Pa. Pop., 876. Brnsb Creels, p. o. in Beaver co.. Pa. Brusbey, p. o. in the Choctaw Nation, Ind. Ter. BrnsblantI, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y., 30 nils, from Oneouta. Briisli Prairie, p. o. in McLeod co., Minn. Brasb Prairie, p. o. in Clarke co.. Wash. Ter. Brush's Slills, p. v. in Franklin co., N. Y., on the Ogdensburg & Lake Cliamplain R. R., 50 mis. E. of Ogdensburg. Brush Valley, tn. in Indiana co., Pa. Pop., 1,606. Brush Valley, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. E. of Indiana. Brushville, p. o. in Waushara co. Wis. Brushy Creels, p. o. in Anderson district, S. C. Brushij' Fork, p. o. in Douglas CO., 111. Brushy Liake, tn. in Cross co.. Ark. Pop., 31.3. Brushy Prairie, p. o. in La Grange Co., Ind. Brushy Run, p. o. in Pendleton Co., W. Va. Brussells, tn. in Door CO., Wis. Pop., 406. Brussels, p. o. in the above tn. Bruton, tn. in York co., Va. Pop., 1,839. Brutus, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,621. Bruynswick, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. Bryan, co. in Ga., S. E. part. Area, 390 sq. mis. Pop., .5,252; in I860. 4,015. It borders on the Atlantic Ocean and tlie lower course of the Ogechee R. The Cannouchee R., a tributary of the Ogechee, forms part of its S. boundary, and then intersects the co. from W. to E. The Midway R. and St. Catharine Sound form the S. boundary. The surface is low and level ; the soil consists mostly of unproduct- ive sand. Tlie S. E. part includes large ' swamps. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian- corn, 38,909 bush.; oats, 28,.560 bush.; Irish pot's, 769 bush.; sweet pot's, 30,834 bush.; butter, 2,808 lbs.; rice, 2,859,068 lbs.; cotton, 412 bales. Cash value of farms. $342,916. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $251,925. Value of manufactures, $2,525. *Bryan, p. v. and co. seat of Williams CO., Ohio, on the Lake Shore R. R.. 64 mis. W. of Toledo ; is the seat of a college and has several line artesian wells. Farming and manufacturing are the chief lirauches of bu.siness. Two new spapers. Po]i., 2,284. *Bryan, p. v. and the co. scat of JSrazos co., Tex., on the Brazos R., and the Houston & Texas Central R. R., 30 mis N. W. of Navaso- ta ; has several good schools and one news- paper. Bryan, p. v. in Sweetwater co., Wyo., on the Union Pacific R. R., 314 mis. W. of Cheyenne. Bryansville, p. o. in York co.. Pa. Bryant, p. v. in Fulton co., ill., on the Chi- cago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 8 mis. S. of Canton. Bryant, p. o. in Jay CO., ind. Bryant, p. o. in Clinton co., Iowa. Bryant, p. o. in Butler co., Kans. Bryant, p. o. in Thayer co., Nobr. Bryantown, p. v. In Charles co., Md., 1814 t^s. S. of Washington, D. C. Bryantsburgh, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ind. Bryant's Creek, p. o. in Monroe co., Ind. Bryant's Pond, p. v. in Oxford co., Me., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 14 mis. N. of South Paris. Bryant's Station, p. o. in Milan co., Tex. Bryantsville, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ind. Bryantsville, p. v. in Garrard co., Ky., 7 mis. N. W. of Lancaster, the co. seat. Bry n Mawr, p. v. in IMontgomery CO., Pa. Bueatuna, p. v. in Wayne co., Miss., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 71 mis. K. of Mobile and 64 mis. S. of Meridian. Bucefalia, p. o. in Martin co., Minn. Buchanan, co. in Iowa, E. part. Ai"ea, 570 sq. mis. Pop., 17,031; in 1860, 7,900. The co. has an undulating surface, which eonsi-its chiefly of fertile prairies, and is travci'scd by the Wapsipinicon R. and Buffalo Cr., flowing from N. W. to S. E. The Iowa division of thi' Illinois Central R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W. Independence is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 719,581 bush.; rye, 256 bush.; Indian-corn, 617,310 bush.; oats, 534,- 530 bush.; Irish pot's, 85,282 bush.; sweet pot's, 4 bush.; butter, 533,519 lbs.; wool, 39,990 lbs.; hay, 28,667 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,021,- 232. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,. 597,37.5. Value of manufactures, $607,001. Buchanan, co. in Mo., N. W. part. Area aliout 420 sq. mis. Pop., 35,109; in 1860, 23,850. It is bounded on the W. by the Missonri R., which separates it from Kansas, and drained by the Little Platte R., flowing from N. to S., Living- ston Cr. and Castile Cr. The surface is undu- lating and consists chiefly of prairies; the water-courses onlj^ being skirted by belts of timber. The sou is very productive. The St. Joseph & Council Bluff R. R. follows the Mis- souri R., and the other railroads which inter- sect the CO. are the Missonri Valley R. R., the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., and the Lexing- toii, Sedalia & St. Joseph R. R. All these lines intersect at St. -loseph, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 249,874 bush.; rve, 698 bush. ; Indian-corn, 1,070,517 bush. ; oats, 1.57,611 bush.; Irish pot's, 122,051 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,416 bush.; tobacco, 5,390 lbs.; butter, 63,530 lbs.; hav, 3,172 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,882,120. Total, estimatetl. value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,377,826. Value of manufactures, $3,454,- 893. Buchanan, co. in Va., S. W. part, bordering on Ky. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 3,777; in I860, 2,793. This co. has a mountainous and elevated surface. The Cumberland Mts. ex- tend into the N. W. part, and the Dividing Ridge trends along its S. E. boundary. The Louisa Fork and Russells Fork, the head streams of the West Fork of the Sandy R., traverse the co. from S. E. to N. W. and re- ceive numerous tributaries within their area. The soil of the valleys is fertile and well adapted to grazing purposes. The mountains and hills are generally covered with dense forests. Grundy is tlie co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,184 bush.; rye, 3,047 bush. ; Indian-corn, 82,624 bush.; oats, 14,990 bush.: Irish pot's, 6,726 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,973 bush.; tobacco, 6,424 lbs.; butter, 71,955 lbs.; hay, 79 tons. Cash value of farms, $293,994. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $130,- 526. Value of manufactures, $16,435. Buchanan, p. o. in Ouachita co.. Ark. Buchanan, p. v. and the co. seat of Haralson CO., Ga.. on a branch of the Tallapoosa R. and 46 nils. W. of Atlanta. Buchanan, tn. in Jefferson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,490. Buchanan, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 771. Buchanan, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ky. Buchanan, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., 2,a57. ^Buchanan, p. v. in the above tn., on the BUCHANAN. 153 BUCKS illLLS. Michigan Central R. K., 6 mis. S. W. of Niles. Extensive lumber business. Kicli farming district, producing gi-ain and fruits. Two newspapers. Bucbauaa, tn. in Atchison co., Mo. Pop., 905. Bactaanan, p. o. in Bollinger co., Mo. Bucbanan, tn. in Douglas co., Mo. Pop., •ISO. Bnclianau, tn. in Sullivan co.. Mo. Pop., 1,104. Bactiaiiau, p. o. in Granville co., N. C. Buchanan, p. o. in Peri-y co., Ohio. Buchanan, p. v. in AUegliany co.. Pa., on the Alleahany U., opposite Pittsburgh. Buchanan, tn. in Botetourt co.,V a. Pop., 4,000. Buchanan, p. v. in the above tn., on the James K., and 11 nils. E. of Fincastle, the co. seat. Buchanan, tn. in Outagamie co., Wis. Pop., 8-23. Buck, tn. in Edgar Co., 111. Pop., 794. Buck, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,259. Buck, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 574. Buck, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Buckan, p. o. in Cuming co., Xebr. Buck Creek, tn, in Hancock co., Ind. Pop., Buck Creek, p. o. in Bremer co., Iowa. Buck Creek, p. o. in Greene co.. Miss. Buck Creek, p. v. in Richland co., Wis., 7}^ mis. N. of Richland Centre. Buck Eye, tn. in i'olo co., Cal. Pop., 860. Buck Eye, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. from Woodland. Buckeye, tn. in Stephenson co., 111. Pop., 1.7*;i. Buckeye, tn. in Hardin co., Iowa. Pop., 159. Buckeye, p o. in Gerrard co., Ky. Buckeye, p. o. in Jasper co., Mo. Buckeye Cottage, p. o. in Perry co., Ohio. Buckeye Cove, p. o. in Pocahontas co., W. Va. Buckeystown, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., near the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 4J^nils. S. W. of Frederick Junction. ^ Btick field, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pod., 1,494. *Bnck(ieltou'n, p. V. iu Somerset co.. Pa., 6 mis. S. E. of Stoyestown. Bucksville, p. o. in Bucks CO., Pa. Buck«4ville, p. v. in Horry district, S. C, on Waccciuuiw R., and 9 mis. from Couwaybor- ough. Bnckttaorn, tn. in Menklenburg co., Va. Pop., '2,04(5. Bitcktoii, p. V. in AVarren CO., Va., on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 26 mis. from Rectortown. Buck Valley, p. o. in Fulton co.. Pa. Bucyrus, p. o. in Lucas co., Iowa. Bueyrus, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 4,1S4. •^Bueyrus, p. v. iu the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Pittsburgh, Ft. Wayne & Chicago R. R., 10 mis. W. of Crestline ; lies on the San- duskjr R. In the vicinity are mineral springs. It has good schools and extensive manufac- tories. The commerce is important. Pop., 3,06G. Three newspapers. Buda, p. V. iu Bureau co., 111., .on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 34 mis. W. of Mcndota. Rudrt'a i'reek, p. o. in St. Mary co., Md. Budd's liakc, p. v. in Morris co., N. J., 3]4 mis. S. of Stanhope on the Morris & Essex R. R. Budd Town, p. o. in Burlington co., N. J. Buddvillc, p. o. in Centre co.. Pa. BhcI, tu. in Sanilac CO., Mich. Pop., 216. Buel, p. o. in Elko co., Nev. Bncl, p. o. iu Montgomery CO., N. Y. Bnel's Cxore, tn. in Chittenden co., Vt. Pop., 29. Buena, p. o. in Van "Wert co., Ohio. Bnena Vista, co. in Iowa, N. W. part. Area, 625 sq. mis. Pop., 1,.535 ; in 1S60, 57. The sur- face is rolling : the soil is fertile. It is drair.ed by the Little Sioux R. and some of its tribu- taries ; also by the head waters of the Coon R. It is intersected by the Dubuque & Sioux City R. R. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 7,780 bush.; Invlian-corn, 9,085 bush.; oats, 6,4.30 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,617 bitsh.; wool, 436 lbs.; butter, 2('),475 lbs.; hay, 151 tons. Cash value, of farms, .$272,924. Total, estimated, value of all farm ]3roductions, including additions to stock, etc., $92,525. Value of manufactures, $14,700. Bnena Vista, p. o. in Monroe co., Ala. Buena Vista, tn. in Columbia co., Ark. Pop., 533. Btiena Vista, p. v. in Amador co., Cal., 12 mis. W. by S. of Jackson, the co. seat. Buena Vista, tn. in Stanislaus co.,Cal. Pop., 357. Buena Vista, p. v. and the co. seat of Marion CO., Ga., 30 mis. E. S. E. of Columbus. Pop., 525. Buena Vista, tn. in Schuyler co., 111. Pop., 1,152. Bnena Vista, p. v. in Stephenson co., HI., 11 mis. N. by W. of Freeport. Buena Vista, v. in Harrison co., Ind., 4 mis. from BlaUesville. Buena Vista, v. in Pulaski CO., Ind., 9 mis. W. of Winaniac. Bnena Visti», v. in Franklin co., Ind., 71^ mis. \V. of Metumora on the White Water Valley R. R. Bnena Vista, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 1,073. Buena Vista, p. o. in Clinton co., Iowa. Buena Vista, tn. in Claj^ton co., Iowa. Pop., 308. Bnena Vista, v. in the above tn., on the Mis- sissippi R., 20 mis. below Prairie du Chien, Wis. Buena Vista, p. o. in Prince George's co., Md. Bnena Vista, tu. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 1.005. Buena Vista, p. o. in the above tn. Bnena Vista, p. v. in Chickasaw co.. Miss., 7 mis. from Egypt. Buena Vista,"tn. in Atlantic co., N. J. Pop., iUS. Buena Vista, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. Buena Vista, p. o. in Duplin co., X. C. Buena Vista, p. o. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Buena Vista, v. in Fayette CO., Ohio, 8 mis. 8 of Washington. Bnena Vista, v. in Sciota co., Ohio, on the Olno R.. 15 mis. below Portsmouth. Bnena Vista, p. v. in Polk co., Oreg., on the Willamette R., 12 mis. N. of Portland. Bnena Vista, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., on the Monongahela R., nearly opposite Youghlo- ghauy, on the Pittsburgh, "Washington & Bal timore R. R. BneBia Vista, p. o. in Greenville co , S. C. Bnena Vista, p. o. in Carroll co., Tenn. Bnena Vista, p. o. in Shelby CO., Tex. Bnena Vista, tn. in King and Queen co., Va-. Pop., 2,9S5. Buena Vista, tn. in Richland co., Wis. Pop., 1.041. Bnena Vista, tn. inPortage co.,AVis. Pop., 624. Bnena Vista, p. o. in the above tn. Buffalo, p. o. in Chambers co., Ala. Bnitalo, tn. in Craighead co., Ark. Pop., 221. BufSalo, tn. iu Marion CO., Ark. Pop., 2i)8. Buffalo, tu. in Searcy co.. Ark. Pop., 19.5. Buffalo, p. o. of Mechanicsburgh Station, in Sangamon co.. 111., on the Toledo, AVabasn & Western R. R., I414 mis. E. of Springfield. Buffalo, tn. in Ogle co.. 111. Pop., 3,.i24. BnfJ'alo, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 1,43.5. Buffalo, p. V. in»the above tn., on the Missis- sijipi R., 9 mis. below Davenport. Pop., 368. Buffalo, tu. iu Linn CO., Iowa. Pop., 508. Buffalo, p. V. iu Wilson eo., Kans., on the Kan- sas Pacific R. R., 46 mis. E. of Sheridan. Buffalo, CO. iu Dak. Ter., central part. Pop., 246. The CO. is intersected by the Missouri R., and the Plateau of the Coteau du Missoiiri occu- pies the E. part. The bottom-lands of the Missouri and its tributaries contain good soil. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 455 bush.; Irish pot's, 30 bush. Cash value of farms, $3,400. Total, estimated, value of all farm i:)roductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,600. Buffalo, CO. in Nebr., central part. Area, 864 sq. mis. Pop., 193 ; in 18G0, 114. Tlie Platte R. forms the entire southern boundary, and re- ceives several affluents. The Loup Fork in- tersects the northern part of the eo. The surface is level or slightly undulating, and consists chiefly of open plains and prairies. The soil is not "productive, except where irri- gation is feasible. The Union Pacific R. R. imsses through the co. alon^ the Platte R. Agr. productions in 1S70 : wheat, 1.55 bush.; Indian-corn, 5,400 bush.; oats, 640 bush.; Irish pot's, 830 bush.; butter, 1,645 lbs.; hay, 490 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,iiS5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $6,097. Buffalo, CO. in Wis., AV. part, bordering on INIinn. Area about 6.50 sq. mis. Pop., 11,123; in 1860, 3,864. The Mississippi R. forms its entire S. W. boundary, ami receives in tliis part of its course several tril)utaries which drain the co. The largest of t hese are Bulfalo R. and Boeuf Slough. The Trem!)ealeau R. forms part of the VV. boundary. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. Alma is the CO. seat. Agr. productions hi 1870: Wheat BUFFALO. 155 BULLOCK. 577,164 bnsh,; rye, 11,234 bush.; Indian-corn, 195,372 bush.; oats, 316,383 bush.; Irish pot's, 65,885 bush.; sweet pot's, 6 bush.; butter, 264,- 685 lbs.; haVj 16,477 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,412,645. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,362,865. Value of manufactures, $696,880. Buffalo, tn. in Cloud co., Kans. Pop., 303. Buffalo, p. V. in La Rue co., Ky., 5 mis. S. E. of Hodgenville, the co. seat. Buffalo, tn. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., 508. Buffalo, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 7 mis. S. S. W. of Monticello, and 12 mis. JST. N. W. of Delano. ^Buffalo, p. V. and the co. seat of Dallas co., Mo., 220 mis. from St. Louis. In the neighbor- hood are lead and coal mines. One newspa- per. Pop., 278. Buffalo, tn. in INlorgan co.. Mo. Pop., 543. Buffalo, tn. in Newtou co.. Mo. Pop., 785. Buffalo, tn. in Pike co., Mo. Pop., 2,880. ^Buffalo, city, port of entry and co. seat of Erie co., N. Y., at E. end of Lake Erie and on estuary of Buffalo Cr., 44154 mis., by rail, N. W. of N.York City and 297 "VV'T of Albany. Noted for its elegant residences, churches, libraries, business structures, charitable and public in- stitutions. Centre of an enormous manufactur- ing interest, embracing, iron leather, machin- ery, agricultural implements, flour, etc. Has a flue harbor ; is the grand entrepot of the lake commerce, has 31 large elevators, and in 1873, 9,959 vessels, tonnage 4,886,733, entered and cleared at the port. Facilities for inland com- merce unrivalled ; being situated at W. termi- nvis of New Yoi-k Centi-al R. R. and Erie Ca- nal ; at E. terminus of Lake Shore R. li.; at N. W. terminus of N. W. Division of Erie R. R.; atN. terminus of Buffalo, New York & Phila- delphia R.R., and at S. terminus of Niagara Falls Route. Pop., Iti 1810, 1,508 ; in 1820, 2,095 in 1830, 8,653 ; in 1840, 18,213 ; in 1850,42,261 ; in 1860, 81,129; in 1870, 117,714. Newspapers 28. (See further, Appendix. No. 2.) Buffalo, tn. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop., 780. Buffalo, p. o. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Buffalo, tn. in Buller co., Pa. Pop., 1,495. Buffalo, tn. in Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 77. Buffalo, tn. in Union co., Pa. Pop., 1,521. Buffalo, tn. Wasliington co., Pa. Pop., 1,189. Buffalo, p. o. in the above tn. Buffalo, p. o. in Humphreys co., Tenn. Buffalo, tn. in Prince Edward Co., Va. Pop., 3.415. Buffalo, tn. in Rockbridge co., Va. Pop., 1,445. Buflalo, tn. hi Brooke CO., W. Va. Pop., 2,191. BuSialo, tn. in Clay co., W. Va. Pop., 790. Buffalo, tn. in Putnam co., W. Va. Pop., 1,448. Buffalo, p. V. in the above tn., on the Great Kanawha R,, 18 mis. from Point Pleasant. Poll.. 321. Buffalo, tn. in Marquette co., Wis. Pop., 812. Buffalo, tn. in Buffalo co.. Wis. Pop., 1,594. Buffalo, p. V. in the above tn., on the Missis- sipiii R., 11 nils, below Alma. Buffalo Bluff, p. o. in Putnam CO., Fla. Buffalo Cross Roads, p. o. in Union co.. Pa. Buffalo Ford, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. Buffiilo Forge, p. o. in Rockbridge co., Va. Buffalo Fork, tn. in Marion co.-, Ark. Pop., 268. Buffalo Forli, p. o. in Kossuth co., Iowa. Buffalo Gap, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. Buffalo Grove, p. o in Buchanan co., low.i. Buffalo Grove, v. in Ogle co.. 111., near the Illinois Ci'iitral R. R., 12 mis. N. of Dixon. Buffalo Heart, tn. in Sangamon co.. 111. Pop., 53S. Buffalo Lilch, tn. in Chariton co., Mo. Pop., 1,267. Buffalo Mills, p. o. in Bedlord co., Pa. Buffalo Mills, p. o. in Rockbridge co., Va. Buffalo Pajjer Mill, p. o. in Cleveland co., N. C. Buffalo Poud, p. V. in Washington co., Va., 15 mis. from Abingdon. Buffalo Plains, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Buffalo Prairie, tn. in Rock Island co., HI. Pop., 1,291. Buffalo Prairie, p. v. in the above tn., 26% nils. S. W. of Rock Island. Buffalo Ridg-e, p. o. in Washington CO., Temi. Bull'alo Ridg'c, p. o. in Patrick co., Va. Buffalo Run, p. o. in Centre co.. Pa. Buffalo Shoals, p. o. in Wayne co., W. Va. Buffalo Valley, p. o. in Putnam co., Tenn. Bull'aioville, p. o. in Spencer co., Ind. Buffin^ton, tn. in Indiana co., Pa. Pop., 877. Buford, p. o. in Gwinnett co., Ga. Bnford, p. o. in Macoupin co. , 111. Buford, p. o. in Ohio co., Ky. Buford, p. V. in Highland co., Ohio, 17 mis. S. W. of Hillsboro. Buford's, p. V. in Bedford co., Va., on the Vir- ginia & Tennessee R. R., 37 mis. S. W. of Lynchburg. Buford Bridge, p. o. in Barnwell co., S. C. Buford's Station, p. v. in Giles co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Decatur R. R., 12 mis. N. of Pulaski. Bug Eye, p. o. in Dallas co., Tex. Buhlsville, p. V. in Gentry co , Mo. liula, p. o. in Goochland co., Va. Bulger, p. V. in Washington co., Pa., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 23 nils, from Pittsburgh. Bullards, p. o. in Twiggs co., Ga. Bnllard's Bar, p. v. in Yuba co., Cal., 33 mis. N. E. of Marysville. Bull Creeli, p. o. in Georgetown district, S. C. Bull Creels, p. o. in Wood co., W. Va. Bullion, p. o. in Elko co., Nev. Bullion, p. o. and the co. seat of Pi Ute co., Utah. Bullitt's Bayou, p. o. in Concordia parish, La. Bullitsville, p. o. in Boone co., Ky. Bullitt, CO. in Ky., N. part. Area, 320 sq. mis. Pop., 7,781 ; in 1860, 7,289. It is bounded on the W. by Salt R., a ti-ibutary of the Ohio, which passes within a short distance from the N. W. corner of the co. The East Fork of Salt R. intersects it from E. to. W., and receives Floyd's Cr. The surface is rolling and in some parts hilly. Iron ore is abundant. The Louis- ville & Nashville R. R. passes through the co. from N. to S. Shepherdsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 34,752 bush.; rye, 1,176 bush.; Indian-corn, 337,320busli.; oats, 82,739bu,sh.; Irish pot's, 8,487 bush.; sweet pot's, 835 bush.; butter, 61,498 lbs.; hay, 3,606 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,056,652. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., §600,009. Value of manufactures, $388,114. Bullock, CO. in Ala., S. E. part. Area, 612 sq. mis. Pop., 24,474. The co. has a low and level surface, diversified in several localities by low sandy ridges. The soil is but moderately fer- tile. ' The Tall.apoosa R. forms part of the N. boundary, and its affluents, the Ufowpee Cr., Caleebcc Cr. and Oakfuskee drain the co. The Montgomery & West Point R. R. intersects the CO. froiii E. to W. Union Springs is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 274 bush.; rye, 3 bush.; Indian-corn, 389,791 bush.; oats, 13,632 busli.; Irish pot's, 259 bush.; sweet pot's, ,33,021 bu.sh.; cotton, 17,972 bales; butter, 50 lbs.; hay, 1,753 tons. Cash value of farms, .$2,468,172. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,008,451. Value of manufactures, $143,829. Bullock, CO. in Ga., E. part. Area, 836 sq. mis. Pop., 5,610 ; in 1860, 5,668. The Ogeechee R. forms the noith-eastern boundary, the Cannowchee the south-western, and Sculls Cr., an affluent of the Ogeechee, part of the north-western. Big Lotts Cr. and other tributaries of the Cannowchee drain the greater part of the co. The surface is low and level. Largo tmcts BULLOCK. 156 BURKE. are covered with "pine barrens." Mostofthe soil is sandy and unproductive. Statesbor- oup:h is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 81,550 busli.; oats, 2'2,7i19 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,034 bush.; cotton, 1,000 bales ; rice, 21,896 lbs.; butter, 14,941 lbs. Cash value of farms, $189,255. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $333,500. Value of manufactures, $14,300. Bullocic, p. o. in Crenshaw co., Ala. Bullock €reek, p. o. in York district, S. C. Bnll Run. p o. in Knox co., Tenn. Bnll Run Mountains, a short range trending S.VV. and N. E., forming the boundarv between Fauquier and Prince William cos.j ^''a. Bull's City, p. o. in Osborne co., Ivans. Bull's Oap, p. v. in Hawliins co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee R. K., 18 mis. W. of Greenville. It is the junction for Rogersville Branch R. R. Bull'sHcad, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Bull's Island, v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., on the Belvidorc & Delaware R. R., 12 mis. S. E. of Milford. Bullskin, tn. in Paj'ctte co., Pa. Pop., 1,657. Bull's mils, p. o. in Cliristian co., Mo. Bnll Town, v. in Franklin co., Ind., 3 mis. W. of Somerset, on the White Water Valley R. R. Bnlltovf-n, p. o. in Braxton co., W. Va. BullTille, p. V. in Orange CO., N. Y., 1% mis. N. of Middlctown. Bumpass, p. v. in Louisa co., Va., on the Ches- apeake & Ohio R. R., 27 mis. S. W. of Hanover Court House. Buneeton, p. v. in Cooper co.. Mo., on the Missouri Pacific R. R., 10 mis. N. of Tipton. Buncombe, tn. in Johnson co., 111. Pop., 1,385. Buncombe, p. o. in the above tn. Buncombe, p. o. in Union co.. Miss. Bnncombc, co. in N. C, W. part. Area about 800 S(i. mis. Pop., 15,412; in 1860.12,654. The E. boundary is formed by the lofty crest of the Blue Ridge, and the western by the New Found Mts. Tlie surface is broken and moun- tainous, particularly in the E. part, where the Craggy Mts. occupy an extensive tract, trending parallel to the Blue Ridge, from which they are separated by the Swanano Cr. The French Broad R. mtersects the co. from S. to N. and receives Ream's Cr., Beaverd.am Cr. and Hominy Cr. The mountains are mostly covered with forests : the valleys are fertile and well adapted to gi-azing. Asheville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 66,656 bush.; rye, 14,704 bush.; Indian- corn, 324,i5'^)6 bush.; oats, 43,799 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,416 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,728 bush.; tobacco, 30,680 lbs.; butter, 137,701 lbs.; liav, 2,502 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,703,115. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $771,- 337. Value of manufactures, $327,600. Buncombe, p. o. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Buncombe, p. o. in Pettis co.. Mo. Bundy's Crossing, p. o. in Oswego CO., N. Y. Bung-er's Mill, p. o. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Bunker, p. o. in Webster co.. Mo. *Bunker Hill, p. v. in Macoupine co., 111., on the Indianapolis & St. Louis R. R., 16 mis. N. E. of Alton and 36 mis. from St. Louis; lies on a high rolling prairie, and has fine orchards and rich farms iu the neighborhood. One newspaper. Bunker Hill, p. v. in Miami co., Ind., on the Indiana Central R. II., 15 mis. E. of Logans- port. Bunker Hill, p. v. in Russell co., Kans., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 29 mis. W. of Ells- worth and 185 mis. W, of Topeka. One news- paper. Bunker Hill^ tu. in Ingham CO., Mich. Fop., 957. Bunker Hill, p. v. in Ingham co., Midi, 6 mis. from Leslie. Bunker Hill, p. o. in Lewis co., Mo. Bunker Hill, v. in Butler Co., Ohio, 13 mis. W. of Hamilton. Bunker Hill, p. o. in Lebanon co , Pa. Bunker Hill, p. o. in Giles co., Tenn. Bunker Hill, p. o. iu Beilford co., Va, Bunker's Hill, p. o. in Grant co.. Wis. Runner's, p. o. in Marion co., W. Va. Bunn's RluflT, p. o. in Orange CO., Tex. Bunu's LiCvel, p. o. in Harnett CO., N. G. Bnntyn's, v. in Shelby co., Tenn., a station on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 6 mis. E. of Memphis. Buras, p. v. in Plaquemines parish, La., 26 mis. from Point a la Hache. Burbank, tn. in Monongalia co., Minn. Pop., 523. Burbank, p. o. in Kandiyohi co.. Minn. Burbank, p. v. in Wayne co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 20 mis. N. W. of Mansfield. Burbois, tn. in Gasconade co.. Mo. Pop., 800. Burbois, p. v. in the above tn., on Burbois Cr., 25 mis. S. of Hermann. Rurclidale, tn. in Todd co., Minn. Pop., 124. Burch's. p. V. in Kent co., Mich., on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 17]^ mis. N. of Grand Rapids. Rurchville, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 726. Burdett, p. o. in Bates co., Mo. Burdett, p. v. in Schuyler CO., N. Y., near Seneca Lake and 3 mis. N. E. of Watkins. Rurdick, p. o. iu Porter co., Ind. Rurdickville, p. v. in Leelenaw co., Mich., 26 mis. N. VV. of Traverse City. Rureau, CO. in 111., N. W. part. Area about 810 sq. mis. Pop., 32,415; in 1860,20,426. The surface is level or undulating and consists of prairies, interspersed with groves of timber. The N. part is traversed by Green R., a tributary of the Mississippi ; Spoon R. drains the south-western part, and Vermillion R. the south-eastern. The Chicago & Rock Island R. R. crosses the co. from S. E. to N. W., and the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. B. from N. E. to S. W. Princeton is tire co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 405,960 bush.; rye, 43,811 bush.; oats, 987,426 bush.; Indian- corn, 3,030,404 bush.; Irish pot's, 234,580 bush.; sweet pot's, 209 bush.; butter, 580,287 lbs.; hay, 62,099 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,280,039. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,- 930,439. Value of manuftictures, $634,091. Rureau, tn. in Bureau co., 111. Pop., 1,145. Rureau Junction, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chicago & Rock Island R. R., 20 mis. W. of La Salle ; is the terminus of a branch R. to Peoria. Rurem's Store, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. Rurfordville, p. v. in Cape Girardeau CO., Mo., 8 mis. W. of Jackson, the co. seat. Rurgow Repot, p. v. in New Hanover co., N. C, un the Wilmington & Weldon R. R., 23 mis. N. of Wilmington. Rurgess, p. v. iu Clinton co., Iowa, 11 mis. N. of Wheatland. Rurgess, p. p. in Dinwiddle co., Va. Rurgess' Mill, p. o. in Hyde co., N. C. Rurgess' Store, p. o. in Northumberland co^ Va. Rurget's Corner, p. o. in Clinton co., Ind. Rurgettstown, p. v. in Washington co.. Pa., 1 mle. S. of Cardvillc on the Pittsburgh & Cin- cinnati R. R. Rurgettville, p. o. in Shasta CO., Cal. Rurgli Hill, p. V. in Trumbull co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 17 mis. E. of Warren. Pop. about 200. Rurk, p. o. in Benton co., Iowa. Rurkc, CO. in Ga., E. part. Area about 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 17,070 ; bil860, 17,105. It extends BUEKE. 157 BURLINGTON. from tlie Ogeechee E. in the S. to tlie Savan- nah R. in tlie N. E.,and is drained by Brier Cr., a tributary of the latter, and Buckhead Cr., a tributary of the former, not to mention numerous smaller water-courses. The Au- f'usta & Savannah R. R. insersects the co. rom N. to S. Waynesborough is the co. seat. Agr. productions "in 1870: Wheat, 284 bush.; Indian-corn, 203,735 bush.; oats, 4,113 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,329 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,347 bush.; cotton, 14,290 bales ; butter, 9,905. Cash value of farms, $1,499,497. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,477,811. Value of manufac- tures, $125,540. Burke, co. in N. C, W. part. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop., 9,777 ; in 1860, 9,237. It borders in the N. W. on the Blue Ridge, and has a mountahious or hilly surface. The Catawba R. intersects the co. from W. to E. and then forms part of the N, E. boundary. Linn- ville Cr. rises in the Blue Ridge, and flowing S. E. joins the Catawba. Morgantown is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 26,528 bush.; rye, 8,408 bush.; Indian-corn, 217,- 049 bush.; oata, 31.010 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,093 bush.; sweet pot's, 12.312 bush.; cotton, 25,204 bales; butter, 68,070 lbs.; hav, 418 tons. Cash value of farms, $595,0915. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $'304,705. Value of manu- factures, $122,669. Burke, tn. in Franklin co., K. Y. Pop., 2,141. 1 Burke, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. W. of Andrusville, on the Ogdensburg & Lake Cham- lain R. R. Burke, tn. in Caledonia co., Vt. Pop., 1,162. Burke, p. o. in the above tn. Burke, tn. in Dane co., Wis. Pop., 1,127. Burke Centre, p. o. in Franklin co., N. Y. Burke's Oarden, p. o. in Tazewell CO., Va. Burke's Mills, p o. in Augusta CO., Va., on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 14 mis. S. W. of Alexandria. BnrkesTllle, p. v. and the co. seat of Cum- berland CO., Kj'. , on the Cumberland R., 40 mis. from Cave City. Burkesville, p. v. in Nottoway co., Va., at the intersection of the Richmond & Danville R. R. and the South Side R. R., 54 mis. S. of Rich- mond. One newspaper. Burkettsville, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 2\4 mis. E. of Brownsville on the Washington County R. R. BnrkeVille, p. o. in Hempstead co.. Ark. Bnrkeville, p. v. in Newton co., Tex., 11 mis. from Newton. Burk's Fork, tn. in Floyd co., Va. Pop., 871. Burk's Station, p. o. in Fairfax co., Va. Burksville, p. o. in Monroe co'.. 111. Burleson, co. in Tex., central part. Area about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 8,072 ; in 1860, 5,683. It is bounded on the E. by the Brazos R., and on the S. by the Yequa R., which joins the Brazos at the S. E. extremity of the co. Dav- idson's Cr. and several forks of the Yequa in- tersect the CO. from N. W. to S. E. The sur- face is rolling and the soil in most parts very productive. Caldwell is the co. seat. Agr. firoductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 223,929 bush.; rish pot's, 3,274 bush.; sweet pot's, 20^627 bush.; cotton, 6,423 bales ; butter, 25,407 lbs.; hay, 7 tons. Cash value of farms, $578,649. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $733,635. Value of manufactures, $12,375. Burleson, p. o. in Franklin CO., Ala. Burlingame, tn. in Osage co., Kans. Pop., 1,549. *Bnrllng-ame, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R., 26 mis. S. of Topeka ; has manufactories, and in the vicinity are mines. Pop., 656. One newspaper. Bnrliug-ame, p. o. in Merrick ?o., Nebr. Burlingham, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Burllngham, p. o. in Meigs CO., Ohio. Burling'ton, co. in N. J., central part. Area 862 sq. mis. Pop., 53 639 ; in 1860, 49,730. It ex- tends from the Delaware R. in the N. W. to the Atlantic Ocean in the S. E. The sea coast is indented by Great B. and Little Egg Har- bor. The S. E. boundary is in part formed by the Atsion R., which empties into Great B., and with its tributaries. Wading R. and Shoal Branch, drains the S. section of the co. The Assisconk Cr., Crosswick Cr., and Ranco- cus Cr., tributaries of the Delaware, drain the N. section. The surface is generally level or slightly undulating, and considerable tracts are covered with cedar swamps. The forests consist nrostly of pine trees. Along the Dela- ware R. there is a broad belt of excellent farm land; the remainder of the co. is sandy p,nd but moderately productive. Marl is found in large quantities and much used as a fertilize!'. The CO. is intersected by the branches of the Camden & Amboy R. R. and the Raritan & Delaware Bay R.R. Mount Holly is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "VVheat, 200,120 bush.; rye, 102,411 bush.; oats, 175,738 bush.; Indian-corn, 983.879 bush.; Irish pot's, .581,955 bush.; sweet pot's, 114,517 bush.; butter 494,769 lbs.; hay, 58,165 tons. Cash value of farms, $23,616,049. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions tostock,etc., $4,908,839. Value of manufactures, $4,884,438. Burling'ton, p. o. in Boone co., Ark. ^Burlington, p. v. in Boulder Co., Colo., 21 mis. N. W. of Denver. Burlington, tn. in Hartford CO., Conn. Pop., 1.:d19. Burlington, p. v. in the above tn., i}^ mis. S. W. of Collinsville. Burling'ton, tn. in Kane co.. 111. Pop., 919. Burlington, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. N. W. of Geneva, Burlington, tn. in Carroll co., Ind. Pop., 1,198. Burling'ton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cincinnati & Indianapolis Junction R. R., 31 mis. S. E. of Indianapolis. Burlington, v. in Rush co., Ind., 8 mis. N. W. of Rushville. ^Burlington, city and co. seat of Des Moines CO., Iowa, on the Chicago, Burlington & Quin- cy R. R., '207 mis. from Chicago. The Burling, ton & Missouri River R. R. connects it with Plattsmouth, Nebr.. '279 mis., and the Burling, ton & Cedar Rapids R. R. withColumbus City, Louisa CO. It is a place of great commercial importance, and the seat of Burlington Uni- versity. Six newspaijers. Pop., 1,050. Burling'ton, tn. in Coffey Co., Kans. Pop., 1,600. ^Burlington, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 28 mis. W. of Eriiporia, and on the Neosho R., in a well settled district. It has several manufactories and three newspapers. Pop., 960. Burlington, p. v. and co. seat of Boone co., Ky., 14 mis. from Covington. Pop., 277. Burlington, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 553. Burlington, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. E. of Enfield. Burlington, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 626. Burling'ton, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. W. of Woburn. Burlington, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich., Pop., 1,485. Burlington, p. v. in the above tn., near the Michigan Air Line R. R., 37 mis. W. of Jack- son. Burlington, tn. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pop., 880. Burlington, v. in Clay co., Minn., on the Red 11., 30 mis. N. of Breckinridge. Burlington, p. o. in Boone co.. Mo. BURLINGTON. 158 BURNT CREEK. Bnrling'ton, tn. in Burlington Co., N. J. Pop., 6,8-l'2. •Burlington, city in tlie above tn., on the Camden & Amboy R. R., 73 mis. from N. Y. and 19 mis. from Philadelphia. Pop., 5,817; in 18(50 ; 5,174. Is the seat of Burlington College, and is extensively engaged in commerce and manufactures. Two newspapeis. Bnrliiegton, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 1,476. Bnrliiigton, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. of Morris. Bnrling'ton, p. v. in Lawrence co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 19 mis. S. E. of Ironton. Burlington, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,061. Burlington, tn. in Bradford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,375. Burlington, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. W. of Towanda. ^Burlington, city and co. seat of Chittenden CO., Vt., on the E. bank of Lake Champlain; is the terniiuus of the Vermont Central R. R., and tlie Rutland & Burlington R. R., 34!^ mis. N. of Middlebury and 4ii mis. W. N. W. of Montpelier. It is the seat of the University of Vermont. The view from the lake is very fine, as the city is built upon rising grounii, the highest point of whicb is 3G7 feet above the lake level. Pop., 14,387. Five newspapers. Burlington, p. v. in Mineral co., W. Va., 8 mis. W. of Romney. Burlington, tn. in Racine co., Wis. Pop., 2,70-2. *Burlington, p. v. in the above tn., on the Western Union R. R., 27 mis. W. of Racine ; has niaiiufactures and a newspaper. Pop. about 1,600. Burlington Flats, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 15 mis. N. of Morris. Burnersville, p. o. in Barbour co., W. Va. Burnet, co. in Tex., central part. Ai'ca about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 3,688 ; in 1860, 2,487. The Colorado R. forms part of its western bound- ary, and, turning eastward, intersects the southern part of it, receiving Hamilton Cr. Lampasas Cr., a tributary of the Leon R., in- tersects the iST. E. corner, and its tributaries drain the N. part of the co. The surface is hilly and the river valleys arc fertile. Bur- net is the CO. seat. Agr. ijroductions in 1870 : Wheat, 6,021 bush.; rye, 170bush.; Indian-corn, 142,900 bush.; oats, 247 bush.; Irish pot's, 55 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,189 bush.; cotton 408 bales; butter, 45,480 lbs.; hay, 41 tons. Cash value of farms, $326,540. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $189,911. Value of manufactures, $27,802. Burnet, p. v. and the co. seat of Burnet co., Tex., 4s nils, from Austin. Pop., 280. Burnett, co. in Wis., N. W. part, bordering on Minn. Area about 1,900 sq. mis. Pop., 706 ; in 1860, 12. It has a roiling surface and a fer- tile soil. Large tracts are covered with pine forests ; others are prairies. The St. Croix R. forms tlie western boundary, and the streams which drain the co. are its tribu- tares. The largest of these is the Namekagoii R. Farther S. are the Shell and Yellow lis. Grantsburgh is tlie co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 2,553 bush.; Indian-corn, 545 bush.; oats, 1,349 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,955 bush.; butter, 5,896 lbs.; hay, 1,655 tons. Cash value of farms, $;13,170. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $20,963. Burnett, tn. in Santa Clara co.,Cal. Pop., 802. Burnett, p. o. in the aliove tn. Burnett, p. o. in Vigo co., Ind. Burnett, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 081. Burnett, p. o. in the above tn., on tlie Chicago & Northwestern R. R.. 12 nils. N. of Water- town. Burnett's Creek, or Burnettsvillc, p.y. in White CO., Ind., on the Indiana Central R. R., 12 mis. W. of Logansport. Pop., 270. Burnett Station, p. o. in Johnson co., Mo. Burnett Station, p. v. in Dodge co.. Wis., on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 9 mis. S. of VVaupun, and near the W. bank of Horicon Lake. BurnettsTille, p. v. In Somerset co., Md., on the Eastern Shore R. R., 12i.^ mis. S. of Princess Anne, the co. seat. Burney's Mills, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. Burney Valley, i>. o. in Shasta co^Cal. Bnrnliam, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 788. Burnham, v. in the above tn., on the 3Ialne Central R. R., 5 nils. N. E. of Clinton. Bnrnliamsville, p. o. in Todd co., Minn. Burnbani Village, p. v. in Waldo co.. Me., and ]4 lifilf nile. from Burnliam on the Maine Central R. 11. Burning Springs, tn. in AVirt co., W. Va. Pop., 1,368. ^Burning Springs, p. v. in the above tn., 19 nils, from Walker. Bnrnip's Corners, p. v. in Allegan co., Mich., 7 mis. W. of Dorr on the Kalamazoo division of the Michigan Southern R. R. Bnrns, tn. in Henry co.. 111. Pop., 1,144. Burns, p. o. in tlie "above tn. Bnrns, tn. in Sliiawassee co., Mich. Pop., 1,557. Burns, p. o. in the above tn. Burns, tn. in Anoka co., Minn. Pop., 340. Burns, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 1,340. Bnrns, p. v. in the above tn., on the Erie R. R.. 9Vi mis. W. of Hornellsville. Burns, v. in Dickson co., Tenn., on the Nash- ville & Northwestern R. R., 13 mis. W. of Kingston Springs. Burns, tn. in La Crosse co.. Wis. Pop., 943. Burns, p. v. in the above tn., near the La Crosse Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 12 mis. E. of Lacrosse. Burnside, p. v. in Hartford CO., Conn., on the Hartford, Providence & Fishkill R. R., 4 mis. E. ot Hartford. Bnrnside, p. v. in Hancock co.. 111., on the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., 22 mis. N, E. of Warsaw. Burnside, p. o. in Clinton co., Ind. Burnside, tn. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pop., 1,173. Burnside, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. N. E. of Lapeer. Burnside, tn. Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 396. Burnside, p. o. in Orange co , N. Y. Bnrnside, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop., 386. Bnrnside, tn. in Clearflekl co.. Pa. Pop., 1.624 Burnside, p. v. in the above tn., on the West Branch ot the Susquehanna R., 31 mis. S. W. of Clearfleld. Bnrnside, p. o. in Buffalo co.. Wis. Bnrnside, tn. in Trempealeau co., Wis. Pop., .542. Burns' Mills, p. o. in Bedford co.. Pa. Burns' Station, p.v.in Dickson co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Northwestern R. R., 31 inls. N. of Nashville. Pop. about 200. Burnsville, p. v. in Dallas Co., Ala., on the Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R., 9 mis. N. of Selnia. Burnsville, p. v., in Bartholomew co., Ind., 5 mis. N. E. of Elizabethtown. Burnsville, tn. hi Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 361. Burnsville, p. v. in Tishominsro Co., Miss., on tlie ]Memphis& Charleston R. R., 15 mis. E. of Corinth. Burnsville, p. v. and co. scat of Y.ancey co., N. C. on Cane R., in a beautiful valley \V. of the Black Mts. Burnt Cabins, p. v. in Fulton co.. Pa., 14 inl3. N. of McCounellsburg. Burnt Cbininey, p. o. in Rutherford co., N. C. Burnt Corn, p. o, in Monroe CO., Ala. Burnt Creek, p. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. BURNT HILLS. 159 BUTLER. Bnrnt Hills, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., 1 ml. S. of Balston. Bnrnt Ordinary, p. o. in James City co., Va. Bnrnt Prairie, tn. in AVTiite co., 111. Pop., 2,186. Bnrnt Prairie , oi- lilberty, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mlg. from Granville. Bnrnt Ranch, p. o. in Trinity co., Cal. Bnrr, p. o. in Vernon co., AVis. Bnrrageville, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Chesliire R. R., 4 mis. N. W. of Burn- ham. Bnrrell, tn. in Decatur CO., Iowa. Pop., 852. Bnrrell, tn. in Indiana CO., Pa. Pop., 1,374. Bnrrell, tn. in Westmoreland co., Pa. Pop., 1,819. Bnrrell, p. v. in the above tn., on the Alle- ghany Valley R. R., 27 mis. N. E. of Pittsburgh. Bnrrill, tn. in Decatur co., Iowa. Pop., 852. Bnrrillville, tn. in Providence co., R. I., Pop., 4,(i74. Bnrrillville, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. N. W. of Providence. Bnrritt, tn. in Winnebago co., 111. Pop., 991. Bnrritt, p. o. in the above tn. Bnrr Oak, tn. in Mitchell co., Iowa. Pop., 425. Bnrr Oak, tn. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 9G0. Bnrr Oak, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. N. W. of Decorah. Bnrr Oak, tn. in Doniphan CO., Kans. Pop., 1,015. Bnrr Oak, p. o. in Jewell CO., Kans. Bnrr Oak, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 1,911. *Bnrr Oak, p. v. in the above tn^on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 17 mis. W. of Cold Water. It is an agricultural village. Pop., 724. Bnrr Oak, p. o. in Harrison co., Mo. Bnrr Oak, p. o. in Otoe co., Nebr. Bnrr Oak, p. v. in La Crosse co.. Wis., on Black R., 24 mis. N. E. of La Crosse. Bnrrows, p. v. in Carroll co., Ind., on the To- ledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 9 mis. W, of Logansport Bnrrowville, v. in Searcy co., Ark. Pop., 84. Bnrr's Mill, v. in Belmont co., Ohio, on the Central Ohio R. R., 2 mis. W. of Belmont. Bnrr's Mills, p. o. in Jefl'erson Co., N. Y. Bnrrsville, p. v. in Caroline co., 3Id., 7 mis. E. of Denton. Bnrrville, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., on the Nangatuck R. R., 4 mis. S. of Winsted. Bursonville, p. o. in Bucks co.. Pa. Bnrt, CO. in Nebr., N. E. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 2,847; in 1S(J0, 388. It borders In the E. on the Missouri R., which separates it from Iowa. The largest .streams are : Bell Cr., which drains the central part, and Lo- gans Cr., which drains the western part. The surface is nndulatLng, and consists chiefly of prairies. The soil along the river courses is productive. Tekamah is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 134,062 bush.; rye, 470 biTsh.; Indian-corn, 157,152 bu.sh.; oats, 73,- 724 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,167 bush.; butter, 5(i,969 lbs.; hay, 9,036 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,040,787. Total, estimated, value of all fai-m productions, including additions to stock, etc., $:522,951. Value of manufactures, $64,957. Bnrt, tn. in Cheboygan co., Mich. Pop., 72. Burton, tn. in Adams co.. 111. Pop., 1,423. Burton, p. o. in the above tn. Burton, tn. in McHenry co.. 111. Pop., 281. Burton, tn in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,667. Burton, tn. hi Geauga eo.. Oliio. Pop., 1,004. ^Burton, p. v. in the above tn., 9}4 mis. S. of Cliardon. Bnrton, p. o. in Washington co., Tex. Burton, p. v. in Wetzel co., W. Va., on the Bal- timore & Ohio R. R., 50 mis. W. of Grafton. Bnrton, p. o. in Grant co.. Wis. Bnrton City, p. o. in Wayne co., Ohio. Burton's Bend, p. o. in Arapahoe co., Nebr. Burton's Mill, p. o. in Greene co., Ala, Burtousville, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Bnrtousvillc, p. v. in Montgomery CO., N. Y., on .Seholiarie Cr. Pop., 160. Burtville, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. Burwood, p. o. in San Joaquin co., Cal. Busby, p. o. in Buncombe co., N. C. Busby's, V. in Henderson co., Ky., on the Evansville, Henderson & Nashville R. R., 10 mis. S. from Henderson. Bushberg', p. v. in -Jefferson co.. Mo., on the Mississippi R. and the St. Louis & Iron Moun- tain 11. R., 27 mis. S. of St. Louis. Bush Creek, tn. in Highland co., Ohio. Pop., 601. Bush Creek, tn. in Wayne co , 111. Pop., 1,470. Bush Creek, tn. in Gasconade co., Mo. Pop., 566. Bnsh Hill, p. v. in Randolph co., N. G , 7 mis. from High Point. Bushkill, tn. in Northampton co.. Pa. Pop., 1,901. Bushkill, p. V. in Pike co.. Pa., on the Dela- ware R., 13 mis. N. E. of Experiment on the Delaware & Lackawanna R. R. Bush Kill Centre, p. o. in Northampton co., Pa. Bnshnell, tn. in McDonough co.. 111. Pop., 2,581. ^Bnshnell, p. v. in the above tn.. at the inter- section of the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R. and the Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 51 mis. B. of Warsaw, and 72 mis. N. E. of Quincj' ; has manufactories and much trade. Two newspapers. Bnshnell, tn. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 1,266. Bnshnell Centre, p. o. in the above tn. Bushnell's Basin, p. v. in JMonroe co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal, 3 mis. from Pittsford. Bnshnellsville, p. o. in Greene co., N. Y. Bnsli's Mill, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. Bush's Mill, p. o. in Lewis co., W. Va. Bush's Store, p. o. in Laurel co., Ky. Bushville, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Bushville, p o. in Bradford CO., Pa. Bushy Fork, p. o. in Cole co. , 111. Bushy Fork, p. o. in Person co., N. C. Bnsinessbnrg'h, p. o. in Belmont Co., Ohio. Bnskirk's Bridg'e, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., on the Troy & Boston R. R., 21 1:^ mis. E. of Troy. Bnsseron, tn. in Knox co., Ind. Pop., 1,283. Busseron, v. in the above tn., on the Evans- ville & (;j-awforilsville R. R., 13 mis. N. of- Evansville. Busseyville, p. o. in Jefferson co., Wis. Busti, p. o. in Howard co., Iowa. Busti, tn. in Chautaqua co., N. Y. Pop., 1,844. Busti, p. V. in the above tn , 4J^ mis. S. of Jamestown. Butcher Ranch, p. o. in Placer co., Cal. Butler, CO. in Ala., S. part. Area about 820 sq. mis. Pop., 14,981 ; in I860, 18,122. The surface is slighth' rolling, and the soil moderately fertile. The E. part is traversed by Nepulgah R., and the central by the Sepiilgah R., both tributaries of the Conecuh. The N. W. corner is intersected by Cedar Cr., an afHuent of the Alabama R. Tlie Mobile & Montgomery R. R. passes through the co. from N. E. to S. W. Greenville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 251,512 bush.; oats, 4,126 Ijush.; Irish pot's, 1,233 bush.: sweet pot's, 60,- 116 bush ; cotton, 5,854 bales ; butter, 12,365 lbs.; hay, 110 tons. Cash value of farms, $927,827. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $983,- 066. Value of manufactures, $262,20.5. Butler, CO. in Iowa, N. E. part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 9,951 ; in 1860, 3,724. The surface is undulating, and consists mostly of extensive prairies, which have a very productive soil. The West Fork of Cedar B. intersects the BUTLER. 160 BUTLER. center of the co, from "W. N. W. to E. S. E., and its tributaries, Shell Rock R. and Beaver Cr., drain respectively the N. E. and S. parts. The Dubuque & Sioux City R. R. passes througli the co. from E. to W. Butler Centre is tlie CO. seat. Agr. productions in i870: Wlieat, 598,557 busli.; rj'e, 919 busli.; Indian- corn, 422,448 bush.; oats, 261,000 bush.; Irish pot's, 46;739 bush.; sweet pot's, 3 busli.; wool, 15,752 lbs.; butter, 268,273 lbs.; hay, 16,351 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,294,701 Total, estima- ted, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,061,249. Value Of manufactures, $253,566. Itntler, co. in Kans., S. part. Area, 1,440 sq. mis. Pop., 3,035 ; in 1860, 437. It has a slightly rolling surface, consisting chiefly of prairies. The soil is productive. White Water Cr., a tributary of the Arkansas R., and Walnut Cr., intersect the co. from N. to S. Chelsea is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Whe.at, 5,344 bush.; rye, 727 l)ush.; Indian-corn, 38,915 bush.; oats, 2,406 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,640 bush.; hay, 4,465 tons. Cash value of farms, $544,230. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $107,- 411. Value of manufactures, $21,774. Bntler, co. in Ky., W. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 9,404 ; in 1860, 7,927. It is intersect- ed from W. to E. by the Green R., which re- ceives Welshes Cr., Indian Cr. and Muddy Cr. The latter forms part of the western bound- ary. The surface is rolling and the soil but moderately productive. Morgantown is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 13,875 bush.; rye, 77 bush.; Indian-corn, 340,115 bush.; oats, 60,506 bush.; IrisUpot's, 10,676bush.; sweet pot's, 7,057 bush.; tobacco, 1,008,582 lbs.; butter, 64,775 lbs.; hay, 1,068 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,011,750. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $475,976. Value of manufactures, $71,774. Bntler, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Area, 565 sq. mis. Pop., 4,298 ; in 1860, 2,830. It borders in the E. on the St. Francis R., and in the S. on the state of Ark. Tlie Big Black R. flows through the middle from N. to S., and Cane Ci'., an aflluent of the latter, drains the west- ern part. The surface is level and the soil productive. Poplar Bluff is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 10,994 bush.; rye, 86 bush.; Indian-corn, 185,009 bush.; oats, 12,018 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,142 bush., sweet pot's, 3,277 bush.; tobacco, 48,245 lbs.; butter, 1,146 lbs.; hay, 181 tons. Cash value of farms, $427,272. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $725,824. Value of manufactures, $30,274. Butler, CO. in Nebr., E. part. Area, 585 sq. mis. Pop., 1,286 ; in 1860, 27. It is bounded on the N. by the Platte R., and drained in the S. W. by the Big Blue R. The surface is rolling. Savannah is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 18,668 bush.; Indian-corn, 21,020 bush.; oats, 9,350 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,050 bush.; butter, 12,210 lbs.; hay, 2,261 tons. Cash value of farms, $317,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $60,760. Value of manufactures, $2,240. Butler, CO. in Ohio, S. W. part, borders on Ind. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 39,912; in 1860, 35,840. It is intersected from N. E. to S. W. by the Miami R., which receives Elk Cr. and Four Mile Cr. The Dry Fork of the White Water R. drains the S. W. part of the co. The sur- face is level and the soil very productive. The Cincinnati & Indianapolis Junction R. R. and the Cincinnati & Richmond R. R. pass through the co. Hamilton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 627.377 bush.; rye, 1,863 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,710,862 bush.; oats, 229,621 bush.; Irish pot's, 113,135 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,088 bush.; butter, 548,878 lbs.; hay, 10,692 tons. Cash- value of farms, $21,452,774. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,807,719. Value of manufactures, $6,106,432. Butler, CO. in Pa., W. part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 3fi,.510 ; in 1860, 35,594. The surface is undulating and the soil but moderately fertile. It consists in many parts of sand. This CO. touches Avith its K. E. and S. E. cor- ners on the Susquehanna R. The N. part is drained by Slippery Rock Cr. and Bear Cr., and the center by Conequenessing Cr., which receives many ti'ibutaries, as Break Neck Cr., Yellow Cr. and others. Little Bufl'alo Cr. drains tlie S. E. part. Iron ore and bitumin- ous coal are extensively mined. Butler is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 294,464 bush.; rye, 179,577 bush.; oats, 1,099,163 bush.: Indian-corn, 453,894 bush.; Irish pot's, 187,9.84 bush.; sweet pots, 85 bush.; butter, 1,447,093 lbs.; hay, 52,567 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,230,848. Total, estimated, value of farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,125,482. Value of manufactures, $1,330,032. Butler, p. V. and co. seat of Choctaw co., Ala., 55 mis. E. of Quitman, Miss. Butler, p. V. and the co. seat of Taylor co., Ga., on the Southwestern R. R., 50 mis. S. W. of Macon. Butler, tn. in Montgomery co.. 111. Pop., 2,107. Butler, p. V. in the above tn., on the Indiana- polis & St. Eouis R. R., 3 mis. S. W. of Hills- boro. Butler, tn. in Vermillion co.. 111. Pop., 925. Butler, tn. in DeKalb co., Ind. Pop., 1,209. *Butler, p. V. in the above tn., on the Lako Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 17'/, mis. \\ . of Bryan and 7^ mis. E. of Waterloo City, the CO. seat. Butler, tn. in Franklin co., Ind. Pop., 1,488. Butler, tn. in Miami co., Ind. Pop., 1,.535. Butler, tn. in Butler eo., Iowa. Pop., 1,329. Butler, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 889. Butler, p. V. in Keokuk co., Iowa, 15 mis. S. W. of Sigourney. Butler, p. o.in Washington co., Kans. Butler, p. V. in Pendleton co., Ky., on the Ken- tucky Central R. R., 28 mis. S. E. of Covington. Butler, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Butler, tn. in Branch eo., Mich. Pop., 1,430. Butler, p. o. in the above tn. *Butler, p. V. and the eo. seatof Batesco.,Mo., on a small aflluent of the Marais des Cygnes, and 51 mis. S. W. of Warrensburg. It is sur- rounded by a rich farming and stock-raising country. "Two newspapers. Pop., 1,064. Butler, tn. in Harrison co.. Mo. Pop., 748. Butler, tn. in Pemiscot co., Mo. Pop., 298. Butler, tn. in St. Clair co., Mo. Pop., 046. Butler, tn. in Wayne co., N. Y. Pop., 2,023. Butler, tn. in Columbiana co., Ohio. Pop., 1.558. Butler, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 1,524. Butler, tn. in Knox CO., Ohio. Pop., 701. Butler, tn. in Montgomery CO., Ohio. Pop., 2,153. Butler, tn. in Mercer co., Ohio. Pop., 1,301. Butler, tn. In Richland CO., Ohio. Pop., 768. Butler, p. V. in the above tn., 17 mis. by R. R. N. of Mount Vernon. Butler, p. o. in Douglas co., Oreg. Butler, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 1.333. Butler, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 984. Butler, tu. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 1,423. Butler, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 5,905. Butler, tn. in Hancock co., W. Va. Pop., 979. Butler, tn. in Wayne co., W. Va. Pop., 1^92. *Butler, p. V. and the co. seat of Butler co.,Pa. on Conequenessing Cr., 40 mis. from Pitts- burgh ; is surrounded by a farming and stock- laising district. Three newspapers. Pop, 1,953. Butler, p. V. in Freestone co., Tex., 14 mla. from Fau'fleld. BUTLER. 161 BYRON CENTRE. Bntler, p. o. in Johnson c'o., Tenn. Butler, p. V. in Milwaukee CO., Wis., 10 mis. N. W. of Milwaukee. Bntler Centre, p. v. and tlie co. seat of But- ler CO., Iowa, near the West Fork of the Cedar R.. 15 mis. >r. of Parkers burg. Butler Centre, p. o. in Butler co., Nebr. Butler's Isle, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 12. Butler's I^anding', p. o. and the co. seat of Clay CO., Tenn., on Cumberland R., 11 mis. from Gainesljorough. Butler's Springs, p. o. in Butler CO., Ala. Butlersville, p. o. in Allen co., Ky. Bntlerville, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Biitlerville, p. v. in Jennings co., lnd.,onthe Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 9 mis. K. of N. Ver- non. Pop. about LW. BntlerTille, p. v. in Tama co., Iowa, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 56 mis. W. of Cedar Rapids. Bntlerville, p. v. in Warren co., Ohio, near the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 10 mis. K. of Liovehind. Buttaliatebie, p. o. in Monroe co., Miss. Buttaliatctiec River, tributary of the Tom- bigbee R., rises in Marion co., Ala., intersects the N. E. part of Sauford co., and joins the' Tombigbee in Mississippi, forming the bound- nvy between Lowndes and Monroe counties. Buttan, tn. in Ford co. . 111. Pop., 610. Bntte, CO. in Cal., N. central part. Pop., 11,403 ; in 1860, 12,106. The N. E. part of the co. in- cludes several spurs of the Sierra Nevada Mts; the S. W. part extends into the fer- tile low plain of the Sacramento R., which bounds it on the W. and receives Butte, Chico, Rock, Mesilla and other smaller Crs. This CO. possesses equal importance in an agricultural and mineral point of view. The rich bottom-lands along the Sacramento, Feather, and other streams, give it a large area of very productive farm lands. The cereals, fruits, vegetables, and the grape vine, are extensively cultivated, and yield abund- antly. Gold mining is carried on in the valley of the Upper Featlier R. and of the other water-courses which traverse the mountain district. Oroville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1S70: Wheat, 716,162 bush.; rye, 2,720 bush.; Indian-corn, 16,49&i bush.; oats, 6,140 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,043 bush.; sweet pot's, 263 bush.; wool, 351,023 lbs.; butter, 24,445 lbs.; hay, 11,799 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,423,- 300. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., ^1,445,591. Value of manufactures, $977,937. Butte, tn. in Colusa co., Cal. Pop., 604. Butte, tn. in Siskiyou co., Cal. Pop., 410 Butte, tn. in Sierra co., Cal. Pop., 1,182. Butte, tn. in Sutter co., Cal. Pop., 1,359. Butte City, p. v. in Deer Lodge co., Mont. Butte Creek, p. o. in Marion co., Oreg. Bntte des Morts, p. v. in Winnebago co., Wis., 8 mis. N. \V. of Oshkosb. Butte Disappointment, p. o. in Lane co., Oreg. Butternut Grove, p. o. in Delaware co., N.Y. Butternuts, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 2,174. Butternuts, p. v. in the above tn., on Maple Cr., 10 mis. S. W. of Morris. Pop., 67.5. Butternut Valley, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop.. 590. Butternut Valley, p. o. in the above tn. Butte Valley, p. o. in Huerfano co., Colo. Bntteville, p. v. in Marion co., Oreg., on the Willamette R., 5 mis. N. W. of Aurora. Buttonwood, p. o. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Butts, CO. in Ga., central part. Area, ISO sq. mis. Pop., 6,941 ; in 1860, 6,455. It is bounded on the E. by the Ocmulgee R.,and drained by its affluents, Tussahaw Cr., Yellow Water Cr. 11 and Sandy Cr. The surface is generally level, and large tracts are covered with pine forests. The soil is but moderately productive. Jack- son is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 23,425 bush.; rye, 95 bush.; Indian-corn, 126,339 bush.; Irish pot's, 3.546 bush.; sweet pot's, 19,380 bush.; cotton, 2,926 bales ; butter, 55,395 lbs. Cash value of farms, $616,335. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $584,640. Value of manufactures, $60,716. Butts' Road, tn. in Norfolk co., Va. Pop., 2,039. Buttsville, p. o. in Grundy co.. Mo. Buttztown, p. V. in Northampton co.. Pa., 2 mis. N. of Freemanstown on the Lehigh & Susquehanna R. R. Buxton, p. V. in Clinton co.. 111., on the Ohio & JNIississippi R. R., 4 mis. E. of Carlyle. Buxton, tn. in Y'ork co.. Me. Pop., 2",546. Buxton, p. V. in the above tn., near the cross- ing of the Portland & Rochester R. R. over the Saco R., 15 nils. S. W. of Portland. Buxton Centre, p. v. in York co., Me., near the Portland & Rochester R. R., 16 mis. S. W. of Portland. Buyerstown, p. v. in Lancaster co^^Pa., 2J4 mis. N. W. of Gap, a station on the Pennsyl- vania R. R. Buzzards' Roost, p. o. in Twiggs co., Ga. Byers, p. o. in Arapahoe co., Colo. Byers' Station, p. o. in Jackson co., Ohio. Byersville, p. o. in Livingston co., N. Y. Byesville, p. o. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Byfield, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., on i,he Hav- erhill Branch R. R., 4 mis. N. B. of George- town. Bylialia, p. v. in Marshall co., Miss., 15 mis, N. W. of Holly Springs. Bylialia, p. o. in Union co., Ohio. Byington, p. o. in Pike co., Ohio. Bynuniville, p. o. in Chariton co.. Mo. Byram, tn. in Sussex co., N. J. Pop., 1,332. By ram, p. v. in Hinds co., Miss., on the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 9 mis. S. of Jackson. Byrd, tn. in Brown co., Ohio. Pop., 1,251. Byrd, tn. in Cape Girardeau co., Mo. Pop., 2,112. Byrd, tn. in Goochland co., Va. Pop., 3i,216. Byrne, p. o. in Putnam co., Tenn. Byrneville, p. o. in Harrison co., Ind. Byromville, p. o. in Dooly co., Ga. Byron, p. o. in Houston co., Ga. Byron, tn. in Ogle co.. 111. Pop., 1,093. B.yron, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. N. E. of Oregon City. Byron, tn. i'n Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 1,195. Byron, p. o. in Humboldt co., Iowa. Byron, p. o. in Woodson co., Ivans. Byron, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 242. Byron, p o. in the above tn. Byron, tn. in Kent co., IMich. Pop., 1,326. *Byron. p. V. in Shiawasse co., Mich., 5 nils. Si of Guihcs Station on the Detroit & Milwau- kee R. R. Byron, tn. in Waseca CO., Minn. Pop., 253. Byron, p. v. in Olmstead co., Minn., on the- Winona & St. Peter R. R., 59 mis. from Winona. Byron, p. o. in Osage co.. Mo. Byron, tn. in Genesee co., N. Y. Pop., 1,734. Byron, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. N. of South Bvron Byron, p". v. In Greene co., Ohio, 5 mis. W. of Yellow Springs. Byron, tn. in Fond du Lac co., Wis. Pop., 1,441. Byron, p. o. in the above tn. Byron Centre, p. v. in Kent co., Mich., on the Michigan division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 12 mis. from Grand Rapids. CABARRUS. 162. CADRON. c. Cabarrns, co.in N. C, S. W.part. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 11,954 ; in 1860, 10,546. The surface is billy, and in the western part mountainous : the soil is hut moderately pro- ductive. Rock R., a tributary of the Yadkin, flows through the co. from N. W. to S. E., and receives numerous small tributaries. The North Carolina R. R. passes through the eo. from N. to S. W. Concord is the co. seat. Agi-. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 87,978 busli.; rye, 299 bush.; Indian corn, 26S,.5(J0 bush.; oats, 47,590 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,948 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,819 bush.: butter, 64,'291 lbs.; cotton, 2,703 bales ; hav, 2,248 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,205,471. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $831,267. Value of manfactures, $400,161. Cabaiiiss, p. o. in Monroe co., Ga. Cabbage Bluff, p. o. in Volusia co., Fla. Cabbage Farm, p. o. in Mecklenburgh co., Va. Cabell, CO. in W. Va., VV. part ; borders on Ohio. Area about 450 sq. mis. Pop., 6,429 ; in 1860, 8,020. The Ohio K. washes the northern boundary ; the western is formed by Guyan Bidge. Other ranges traverse the co. from S. to N., and divide it into beautiful and fertile valleys. The largest of these is traversed by the Guyandotto R., which receives numerous small creeks. Mud R., a tributary of the Guyandotte, traverses a valley in the eastern part of the co. Cabell Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 42,592 bush.; rye, 2,675 bush.; Indian-corn, 167,600 bush.; oats, 31.586 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,398 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,189 bush.; butter, 28,764 lbs.; hay, 680 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,391,833. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, includhig additions to stock, etc., $297,- 673. Value of manufactures, $48,000. Cabell Court House, p. o. in Cabell co., W. Va., in the v. of Barboursville, which lies on the Guyandotte R. and the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 5 mis. K. of Guyandotte. Barbourville has 371 inhabitants. Cabery, p. o. in Kankakee co.. 111. CabiM Creels, tn. in Kanawha CO., W. Va. Pop., 2,437. Cabin Creek, p. v. in Lewis co., Ky., 10 mis. from Maysville. Cabinet, p. o. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Cabin Hill, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. Cabin Point, p. v. in Surry CO., Va., 20 mis. E. of Petersburg. Cabin Bun, tn. in Mineral co., W. Va. Pop., 822. Cabin Valley, p. o. in Cowley co., Kans. Cable, p. V. in Champaign co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Loviis R. R., 9 mis. E. of Urbana. Cable City, p. o. in Deer Lodge co., Mont. Cabot, I), o. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Cabot, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., 1,279. Cabot, p. V. in the above tn., 22 mis. N. E. of Montpelier. Cacapon, tn. in Morgan co., W. Va. Pop., 958. Cacapon l>epot, p. o. in the above tn, Cacapon River, or Oreat Cacapon River, rises in the Alleghany jMts. of Hardy co., W. Va., flows through Hampshire and Moi'gan COS., and joins the Potomac 11. 4 mis. W. of Berkeley Springs. It traverses a picturesque valley, and aflbrds much water-power. The Little Cacapon R. intersects Hampshire co. and empties also into the Potomac Cacey's Station, p. o. in Fulton co., Ky. CactaCf CO. in Utah. Pop., 8,272. Cache, In. in Greene co.. Ark. Pop., 766. Cache, tn. in Jackson co.. Ark. Poi'-, 377. Cache, tn. in Lawrence co.. Ark. Pop., 128. Cache, tn. in Monroe co.. Ark. Pop. , 1,452. Cache Creek, tn. in Yolo co., Cal. Pop., 3,C67. Cache Creek, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. W. of Sacramento. Cactus, y>. o. in Davidson co., Tenn. Cadaretta, p. o. in Montgomery co.. Miss. Caddo, parish in La., N. W. part ; bordering in the N. on Ark., and in the W. on Tex. Area, 935 sq. mis. Pop., 21,714; in 1860, 12,140. The surface is undulating. A considerable portion is occupied by Lake Sodo, Caddo Lake and Cross Lake, w'hich form in reality a continuous body of water, and are drained by the Red R. Tlii's stream forms the E. bound- ary of the CO., and is navigable to Shreveport for eight months of the j'ear. About 30 mis. above Shreveport the navigability of the R. is obstructed by an accumulation of drift- wood, commonly known as the Red River raft. The southern boundary of the co. is formed by the Bayou Pierre. The Vieksburg, Shreveport & Texas R. R. passes through the CO. from E. to. W. Shreveport is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 384,824 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,720 bush.; sweet pot's, 56,705 bush.; butter, 11,733 lbs.; cotton, 26,387 bales. Cash value of farms, $1,911,2.36. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,810,926. Value of manufactures, $402,175. Caddo, tn. in Clarke co.. Ark. Pop., 2,717. Caddo, tn. in Montgomery co.. Ark. Pop., 234. Caddo, p. o. in Choctaw Nation, Ind. Ter. Caddo Gro^, p. o. in Johnson CO., Tex. Caddo L.ake, one of the series of lakes in Harrison co., Tex., and Caddo parish. La., which are drained by tlie Red R. It receives Cypress Bayou, and "communicates with Sodo Lake. It is navigable for steamboats during half of the year. Cade's Cove, p. o. in Blount co., Tenn. Cadet, p. V. in Washington co.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 3 mis. N. of Mineral Point. Cadion, tn. in Van Burcn co.. Ark. Pop., 587. Cadiz, p. V. in Henry co., Ind., 7 mis. W. of New Castle. *Cadiz, p. V. and the co. seat of Trigg co., Ky., on Little R., and 20 mis. W. of Ilopkinsville on the EvansviUe, Henderson & Nashville R. R. Pop., 680. One newspaper. Cadiz, p. V. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 14 mis. from Hinsdale. Cadiz, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 3,063. *Cadiz, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat. It is the southern terminus of the Cadiz Bnincli of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 10 mis. S. E. of Cadiz .Tunetion on the main line. The surrounding country is very fertile. Sheep raising is extensively curried on. Rich coal mines are near it. Pop., 1,435; in 1860, 1,119. Two newspapers. Cadiz, tn. in Green co.. Wis. Pop. 1,401. Cadiz, p. o. in the above tn. Cadosia Valley, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. Cadron, tn. in Conway co., Ark. Pop., 502. Cadrou. p. o. in the above tn., 27 mis. N. of Little Rock. CADWALLADER. 163 CALCASIEU. Cadwalladcr, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, 5 mis. S. W. of Tippecajioe. €a^ mis. N. W. of Catskill. Cairo, v. in Allen co., Ohio, on the Dayton & Michigan R. R., 7 mis. N. of Lima. Cairo, p. o. in Stark co., Ohio. Cairo, p. v. in Union co,, Pa. Cairo, p. o. in Jasper co., Tex. Cairo, p. v. in Richie co., W. Va., on the Bal. timore & Ohio R. R., 29 mis. E. of Parkers- burg. Pop., 40. Calaliain, p. o. in Davie co., N. C. *Calais, city in Washington co.. Me., on the St. Croix R., at tlie head of navigation, 2.5 mis. from its mouth, and opposite St. Stephens, New Brunswick. It lies on the St. Croix & Penobscot R. R.; is extensively engaged in shipbuilding and the lumber trade, and as the river affords ample water-power it has several manufactories. Pop., 5,944. Two newspapers. Calais, v. in Crow Wing co., Minn., 12 mis. E. of Crow Wing, the co. seat. Calais, p. v. in Monroe co., Ohio, 9 mis. S. of Spencers Station on the Ohio Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Calais, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., 1,309. Calais, p. o. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. of Montpelier. Calamine, p. o. in Sharp co.. Ark. Calamine, n. v. in La Favette co.. Wis., on the INlineral Point R. R., 20 mis. N. of Warren, 111., and 6 mis. N. of Darlington, the co. seat, and 32 mis. S. of Mineral Point. Calamus, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 1,140. Calaveras, co. in Cal., E. part. Pop., 8,895; in 1860, 16,299. It is bounded on the N. by the 3Iokclumne R., and on the S. by the Stanis- laus R. The larger portion of the co. is occu- pied by the spurs and outliers of the Sierra Nevada. The western part is low and level. Bear Mt., a well timbered range, trends N. and S. and separates the low section from the mountain region. Placer mining is protitably conducted among the foot hills, which, from an early period, have been noted for their rich surface diggings. Agriculture, vine grow- ing and stock raising are important branches of industrj'. Mokeluinne Hills is the co. seat. One of the greatest curiosities of the state is the Big Tree Grove, growing on the divide between the Stanislaus and Calaveras Rs., about 20 mis. E. of Mokelumne HillSjand 4,759 feet above the sea. It consists of 92 giant trees (sequoia gigantea), which vary In height from 150 to 327 feet, and in diameter from lo to 30 feet. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, S,.341 bush.; indian-corn, 4,53.5, bush.; Irish pot's 6,695 bush.; sweet pot's, 400 bush.; wool, 129,025 lbs.; butter, 66,357 lbs.; hay, 6,213 tons. Cash value of farms, .$221,245. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., .$389,388. Value of manti- factures, $606,159. Calaveras River, tributary of the San Joa- quin in Cal. ; it rises in the Sierra Nevada and traverses Calaveras and San Joaquin cos. Calcutta, p. o. in Claj' co., Ind. Calcutta, p. V. in Columbiana co., Ohio, 4 inls. N. of Liverpool, on the Cleveland & Pitts- burgh. R. R. Calcasieu, parish in La., S. W. part; border- ing on Tex. Area about 3,500 sq. mis. Pop., 6,733 ; in 1860, .5,928. The surface is low and level. Extensive swamps occur along the sea coast. The larger part of the co. consists of beautiful prairies and savannahs, alfording excellent pasture. The Calcasieu R. flows through the co. from N. E. to S. W. Before it reaches the gulf it expands into the Calcasieu L. The Sabine R. forms the W. boundary, and the Merraentou R. the S. E. boundary. The best soil lies along the water-courses. The New Orleans. Houston & Texas R. R. will intersect the co. from E. to W. Lake Charles is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 18/0: Indiancorn, 39,950 bush.; Irish pot's, 90 bush.; sweet pot's, 29,380 bush.; cotton, 605 bales : rice, 29,400 lbs.; sugar, 28 hhds. Cash value of farms, $83,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $100,120. Value of manufactures, $206,500. CALDWELL. IG-l CALEDONIA. CfVldwell, CO. in Kv., W. part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop., l(),8-26; in 1S60, 9,318. It is bounded on the E. by the Tradewater R., a tribvitary of the Ohio. The surface is level or slightly "undulating and the soil is fertile. Princeton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, .50,8.17 bush.; rye, (501 bush.; Indian-corn, 438,660 bush.; oats, '2(j,G(>7 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,074 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,571 bush.; tobacco, 2. ■221,89rnbs.; butter, 84,880 lbs.; hay, 1,227 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,448,191. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, Includinsr additions to stock, etc., $303,. 169. Vahie of manufactures, $167,046. Caldwell, parish in La., N. central part. Area, 528 sq. mis. Pop., 4,820; in 1860, 4,83:1. The surface is undulating and consists mainly of prairies. The soil along the rivers is fertile, but larffe' tracts are sandy and not produc- tive. The Washita R. intersects the co. from N. to S. Boeuf Ilayou forms the E. bound- ary. Bayou Castor and its tributaries drain the AV. part. Columbia is the co. seat. Agr. froductlons in 1870 : Indian-corn, 75,741 bush.; rish pot's. 302 busb.; sweet pot's, 15,512 bush.; cotton, 4,157 bales. Cash value of farms, $200,- 275. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $402,044. Value of manufactures, $5,000. Caldwell, co. in Mo., N. W. part. Area, 435 sq. mis. Pop., 11,390 : in 1800, 5,034. The surface is undulating, and the soil fertile. The larger pai't of the CO. is drained by Shoal Cr. and other small affluents of the Grand R. The Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. passes through the CO. from E. to VV. Kinsrston is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 104,130 bush.; rye, 7,408bush.; Indian-corn, 728,121 bush.; oats, 217,040 bush.; Irish pot's, .59,872 bush.; sweet pot's, 288 bush.; butter, 206,150 lbs.; hay, 0,745 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,150,05.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,159,002. Total value of manufactures, $214,271. Caldwell, co. in N. C, N. W. part. Area about 450 sq. mis. Pop., 8,476; in 1800,7,497. It is bounded on the W. by the Blue Ridge and on the S. bj- the Catawba R. The Yadkin rises in this CO. and flows north-west. A large part of its area is occupied by the slopes and spurs of the Blue Ridge, and some lower chain.s, as the Warrior Mt. and the Brushy Mt. The higher tracts are covered with "forests; the lower include many meadows, which afford excellent pasturage. This co. abounds in picturesque scenery. Lenoir is the co. seat. Agr. productions iii 1870 : Wheat, 24,4.55 bush.; rye, 6,425 bush.; Indian-corn, 207,731 bush.; oats, 35,313 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,194 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,057 bush.; tobacco, 27,000 lbs.; butter, 55,.550 lbs. ; hay, 540 tons. Cash value of fai-ms, $856,919. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $;190,002. Value of maimfactures, $98,687. Caldwell, co. in Tex., central part. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop., 6,572; in 1800,4,481. It borders in the S. W. on the San Marcos R., which receives Plum Cr. The N. W. part is drained by small affluents of the Colorado R., as Cedar Cr., VValnut Cr., Sandy Cr. The sur- face is rolling and the soil fertile. Lockhart is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : In- dian-corn, 120,965 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,130 bush.; sweet pots, 12,039 bush.; butter, 33,142 lbs.; cotton, 1,692 bales ; hay, 01 tons. Cash value of farms, $.500,331. Total, estimated, value of all farm proiluctions, including additions to stock, etc., $169,309. Value of manufactures, $43,355. Caldwell, tn. in White co.. Ark. Pop., 451. Caldwell, tn. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Pop., 1,201. Caldwell, p. o. in the above tn., G]4 nils. S. of Centreville. Caldwell, p. o. in Sumner co., Kans. Cald^vell, p. o. in Glaze CO., Nebr. Caldwell, tn. in Essex co., N. J. Pop., 2,727. Caldwell, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. W. of Newark. Caldwell, tn. in Warren co., N. Y. Pop., 1,041. Caldwell, V. in the above tn., at the southern, extremity of Lake George, and 9 mis. N. of Glen's Falls, f)n the Hudson R., is the terminus of a branch R. R. The romantic scenery of the lake and its surroundings attracts numer- ous pleasure-seekers and tourists, who find good accomodation in the Lake George House and other hotels. The p. o. is Lake George. *Caldwell, p. v. and the co. seat of Koble co., Ohio, on Duck Cr., and the Marietta & Pitts- burgh R. R., 35 mis. from Marietta. It lies in the Duck Creek Oil Regions, and has, inclusive of the tn., 1,810 inhabitants and two news- ]iapers. Caldwell, p. v. and the co. seat of Burleson CO.. Tex., 31 mis. N. AV. of Brenham. Caldwell Prairie, p. v. in Racine co., Wis., about 25 mis. S. W. of Milwaukee. Caledonia, co. in Vt., N. E. part. Area about 0.55 sq. mis. Pop., 22,247 ; in 1860, 21,708. It is bounded on the S. E. by the Connecticut R., which separates it from New Hampshire. The surface is broken, and in the W. part there aro outlying ranges of the Green Mts. The soil in the valleys is very productive. The co. is chiefly drained by tributaries of the Connecti- cut, as the Passumpsic R., which receives Miller's Cr., North Cr., Ives Branch and Wells R. Lamoille R., which flows \V. and empties into Lake Champlain, rises in this co. The Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers R. R. inter- sects the CO. from N. to S. St. Johnsbury is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870": AVheat, 49,331 bush.; rye, 1,179 bush.; Indian- corn, 68,6-22 bush.; oats, 355,938 bush.; Irish pot's, 406,680 bush.; wool, 130,295 lbs.; butter, 1,240,300 lbs.; hay, 66,772 tons. Cash value of farms, 8,438,065. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,009,673. Value of manufactures, iJCl, 173,030. Caledonia, p. o. in Union co.. Ark. Caledonia, p. v. and the co. seat of Pulaski co., 111., on the Ohio R. and 8 mis. W. of Villa Ridge on the Illinois Central R. R. Caledonia, tn. in Boone co.. III. Pop., 1,345. Caledonia, V. in Dubuque co., Iowa, near the Iowa Branch of the Illinois Central R. R., 13 mis. W. of Dubuque. Caledonia, p. v. in Ringgold co., Iowa, 8 mis. S. of Mount Ayr. Caledonia, p. "o. in Carroll co.. La. Caledonia, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., Caledonia, p. v. in theabove tn., on Grand R., and 14 mis. S. E. of Grand Rapids. Caledonia, tn. in Houston co., Minn. Pop. 1,628. ^Caledonia, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 18 mis. S. W. of La Crosse and 213 mis. S. E. of St. Paul. Pop., 791. One newspaper. Caledonia, tn. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop., 2,299. Caledonia, p. o. in Lowndes co.. Miss. Caledonia, p. v. in Washington co., Mo., 7 mis. W. of lilairsville on the Iron Mountain R. B. Caledonia, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop., 1,813. *Caledonia, p. v. in the above tn., on two branches of the Central R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Avon and 17 mis. E. of Batavia. Caledonia, p. v. in Marion co., Ohio., on the West Branch of the Whetstone R. and the At- lantic & Great AVestern R. R., 9 mis. N. B. of Marion. Pop., 419. Caledonia, p. v. in Elk co., Pa., on Bennetts Branch of the Sinnamahoning Or., and 17 nils. S. E. of St. Mary's on the Philadelphia & Eria R. R. Caledonia, p. o. in Rusk co., Tex. CALEDONIA. 165 CALHOUN. Caledonia, p. o. iu Goochland cc, "Va. Caledonia, tii. in Columbia CO., Wis. Pop., I.ISO. Caledonia, tn. in Racine co., Wis. Pop., 2,800. Caledonia, tn. in Trempelcau co., Wis. Pop., 507. Caledonia, tn. in Waiipacca co.. Wis. Pop., nni. Caledonia Centre, p. v. in Racine co.. Wis., 20 mis. S. W. of Milwaukee. Caledonia Station, p. v. in Boone co.. 111., at the intersection of the Kenosha & Wisconsin IJninehes of the Chicag:o & Northwestern II. R.,()0 mis. W. of Kenosha and 12 mis. X. E. of Rock ford. Caledonia Station, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Calera, p. v. in Shelby co., Ala., at the inter- section of the Sclma, Rome & Dalton R. R. with the South &, North ^Uabama R. R.,62nrls. from Selma. and 10 mis. from Columbiana. One newspaper. Calcr's Hill, p. o. in Jackson co., N. C. Calf Ci'eelc, tn. in Searcy co , Ark. Pop., 511. Calf Creels', p. o. in the above tn. Calf Killer, p. o. in Putnam CO., Tenn. Calhoun, co. in Ala., E. N. E. pai't. Area about 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 13,9S0 ; in ISCO, 21,o.'?9. It is bounded on the W. by the Coosa R., which receives within it several tributaries, as the Tallasahatcliee and others. The Tallapoosa R. flows through the S. E. part of the co. The surface is diversified ; several ranges of hills traverse the E. portion from N. E. to S. W., the highest of which are known as the Lost Mt. and Chookolocko Mt. The R. valleys are level and contain excellent farm. land. The Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R. passes through the CO. from N. E. to S. W. Jacksonville on the Tallasahatcliee R. is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 79,818 bush.; r3-e, 375 bush.; Indian-corn, 238,451 bush.; oats, 29,- 030 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,867 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,776 bush.; cotton, 3,038 bales; butter, 88,t63 lbs.; hay, ,55 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,324,- 105. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- dxictions, including additions to stock, etc., $713,006. Value of manufactures, $321,226. Calbonn, co. in Ark., S. part. Area aboiit 625 sq. mis. Pop., 3,853 ; in 1860 4,103. It is bound- ed on the S. W. by the Washita R. and on the E. by the Moro R., which flows from N. to S., and is a tributary of the Washita, as well as Locust Baj'ou and the other water-courses draining tliis co. The surface is rolling, and consists mainly of fertile prairies. The R. valleys are covered with forests of cotton- wood and other deciduous trees. Agriculture Is the main lousiness. Ilampton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 255 bush.; Indian-corn, 102,705 bush.; oats, 835 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,746 bush.; tobacco, 125 lbs.; cot- ton, 2,.593 bales. Cash value of farms, $258,884. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $293,- 079. Value of mauufactures, $17,145. Calhoun, co. in Fla., W. part. Area about 1,100 sq. mis. Fop., 998 ; in 1860, 1,446. It bord- ers on the Gulf of Mexico, and is bounded on the E. by the Apalachlcola R. The most southern part is Cape St. Bias, N. of which is St. Joseph's B. The surface is mostly low and level; the soil fertile. The co. seat is Abe Spring. Agr. productions in 1870 : Oats, 180 bush.; Indian-corn, 25,970 bush.; Irish pot's, 610 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,950 bush.; cotton, 158 bales; butter, 640 lbs.; rice, 6,237 lbs.; hay, 2 tons. Cash value of farms, $51,970. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding .additions to stock, etc., $87,050. Value of manufactures, $15,800. Calhoun, co. in Ga., S. W. part. Area, 283 sq. mis. Pop., 5,503 ; in 1860, 4,913. It is bounded on the E. by the Chickesawhaehee Cr. and in- tersected by the Ichawaynochaway Cr. The surface is level and the soil but moderately productive. Morgan is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 45 bush.; Indian- corn, 101,517 bush.; oats, 5,54<) bush.; Irish pot's, 514 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,243 bush.; cotton, 3,843 bales ; butter, 14,085 lbs. Cash value of farms, $529,930. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $498 675. Value of manufactures, $44,901. Calhoun, co. in 111., W. part, bordering on Mo. Area, 260 sq. mis. Pop., 6,562 ; in 1860, 5,144. It occupies the narrow stilp of land be- tween the Mississippi R. in the W. and the Illinois R. in the E., which unite at the south- eastern extremity. The surface is uneven, being cut up by ravines, and a line of bluff's, perpendicular in many places, separates the low and level bottom of the Mississippi from the more elevated tracts. These bottom-lands are very fertile. Hardin is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 221,373 bush.; rye, 186 bush.; oats, 26,234 bush.; Indian-corn, 2i54,- 041 bush.; Irish pot's, 29,980 bush.; sweet pot's, 977 bush.; butter, 35,700 lbs.; hay, 1,914. Cash value of farms, $1,991,145. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $826,364. Value of manu- factures, $106,913. Calhoun, co. in Iowa, central part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 1,602; in 1860, 147. The surface is undulating, and at an average lies more than 1,000 feet above the sea level. The greater part of it consists of prairies. The lai-gest stream is Indian Cr., which crosses the S. W. corner of the co. and receiv^es Cedar Cr., Camp Cr. and Lake Cr. In the northern part are the Twin Lakes, forming a considerable body of fresh water abounding with fish. Lake City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 36,327 bush.; Indian-corn, 36,- 589 bush.; oats, 14,430 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,667 bush.; wool, 1,077 lbs.; butter, 8,927 lbs.; hay, 1,149 tons. Cash value of farms, $215,000. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $62,840. Value of manufactures, $8,442. Calhoun, co. in Mich., S. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. Pop., 36,569; in 1860, 29,564. The surface is undulating and the soil very productive. The Kalamazoo R. intersects the northern part, the St. Josephs the southern. The CO. consists mainly of open prairies inter- spersed with groves of white oak and other forest trees. The Michigan Central R. R. passes through the co. from E. to W. Mar- shall is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 741,463 bush.; rye, 973 bush.; Indian- corn, 739,832 bush.; oats, 304,872 bush.; Irish pot's, 389,738 bush.; wool, 449,651 lbs.; butter, S-24,058 lbs.; hay, 47,052 tons. Cash value or farms, $16,727,160. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc , , $3,206,325. Value of manufactures, ,$3,849,099. Calhoun, co. in Miss., N. part. Area. 594 sq. mis. Pop., 10,561; in 1860,9,518. The aurface is mostly level and gently slopes fro a E. to W. The CO. is heavily timbered. The princi- pal streams which drain it are the Yallaboo- slia R., the Loosa Schoona R. and Huckalafa Cr., a tributary of the latter. Pittsborough in the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. 6,119 bush.; rye, 63 bush.; Indian-corn, 303,405 bush ; oats, 8,024 bush.; Irish pot's 1,814 bush.; sweet pot's, 31,800 bush.; cotton, 4.329 bales ; butter, 127,180 lbs ; hay, 969 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,016,025. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,078,975. Value of manufac- tures, $144,082. Calhoun, co. in Tex., S. iDart. Area, 485 sq. mis. Pop., 3,443; in 1860, 2,642. It forms a peninsula lying between Espiritu Santo B., on the S. W., and Matagorda B., with Lavaca B. on the N. E. Guadalupe R. forms part of the CALHOUN. 166 CALIFORNIA. W. boundary. The surface is low and level along the sea shore and slightly undulating in the W. The soil is mostly very productive though sandy. Thickets of cactus and other spring plants cover considerable tracts and are known by the Spanish name of chaparral. Indianola is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Indian-corn, 4.1()5 bush.; Irish pot's, 920 bush.; sweet pot's, '2,43-2 hush.; butter, 6,'2001bs.; hay, 248 tons. Cash value of farms, $55,780. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $35,- 47S. Value of manufactures. $351,989. <'alhoiin, CO. in W. Va., central part. Area al)Out285 sq. mis. Pop., 2,939; in 1360, 2,G02. Tills CO. occupies a portion of the Little Kan- awha II. Valley, and is bounded on the N. by the South Fork of Hughes K. The West Fork of the Little Kanawha forms part of the southern boundary. The surface is deeply furrowed by the river valleys, and in some parts rises to a considerable elevation. Grants- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 5,382 bush.; rye, 849 bush.; Indian-corn, 52,202 bush.; oats, 8,357 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,1G0 bush.; sweet pot's, (132 bush.; butter, 24,640 lbs.; haj', 985 tons. Cash value of farms, $332,762. Total, estimated, vabu; of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $132,- 114. Value of manufactures, $6,000. Catlionii. p. V. in Lowndes co., Ala., on the Moliilo & Montgomei-y K. R., 29 mis. from Montgomery. Pop., 75. Calhoun, tn. in Columbia Co., Ark. Pop., 806. Caltiouii, p. o. in the above tn. Calhoun, p. v. and the co. seat of Gordon co., Ga., on the Oostanaula II., and the Western & Atlantic 11. R., 19 inls. N. of Kingston, and 80 mis. from Atlanta ; has consiilerable com- merce, and lies in a farming district. One newspaper. Calhoun, p. v. in Richlaud co.. 111., 5 mis. S. of Ohiey, the co. seat. Calhoun, tn. in Calhoun CO., Iowa. Pop., 263. Calhoun, tn. in Harrison co., Iowa. Pop., 371. Calhoun, p. y. and the co. seat of McLean co., Ky., on Green R., 8 mis. fiom Livermore. Caihonn, p. v. in Madison co., Miss , on the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 7 mis. from Canton. Caihonn, p. v. in Henry co.. Mo., on the Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 29 mis. from Sedalia. Caihonn, p. o. in Transylvania co., N. C. Calhoun, v. in Portage co., Ohio, on the At- lantic & Great Western R. R., 12 mis. E. of Ravenna. Calhoun, v. in McMinn co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee & Georgia R. R., 15 mis. S. of Athens. Pop., 232. Calhoun, p. o. in Barbour co., W. Va. Calhoun's Mills, p. o. in Abbeville district, 8. C. CAliIFORNI A, next to Tex. the largest state of tlie Union, is bounded by Oreg. on the N., Nev. and Ariz, on the E., Mexico on the S., and the Pacific Ocean on the W. It extends from 32° 31' to 42° N. lat., and from 114° 8' to 124° 24' W. long. The extreme length from the Colo- rado R. in the S. E., to the Pacific coast in the N. W., is over 300 m Is. ; the average width from E. to W. is about 175 statute mis. The area has been computed at 188,981 sq. nds., or 120,047,340 acres ; 40,000,000 of which are arable, 3.5,000,000 suitable for grazing, and 10,000,000 unfit for cultivation. The lands subject to overflow, known as the " Tule lands," comprise 5,000,000 acres, and the inountaius cover an area of nearly 26,000,000 acres. /Sxr/ftce.— California is naturally divided into four distinct regions : 1. The Coast Ranges ; 2. The Sierra Nevada ; 3. The Central Valley, and 4. The South-western Region. The coast-line, extending over 10° of lat. , has a regular north- western trend between the parallels of 35° and 40° N. lat., and the three first-named divisions present the same general direction. The co.ast ranges occupy a belt of about 40 mis. in width, extending through the entire length of the state from 8. to N., and contiguous to the sliores of the Pacific Ocean. Thev consist of numerous ranges and riilges of about 3,0(X) feet average elevation above the sea level, inclosing fertile and often highly picturesque valleys between them. The Bs. of San Francisco and San Pablo, together with the low ground which extends on both sides Of the mouth of the Sacramento R., break tlie continuity of the coast ranges, and divide them into a northern and southern group. '• The scenery of these ranges," accord- ing to J. D. Whitney, ^" is rarely more than picturesque, but always* peculiar." "It is not so much the snnunits and ridges as the valleys nestling between them, which give character "to the lamlscape. Besides we must .allow its share in producing the general impression to the peculiar erosion of the mountain masses, made conspicuous by the absence of forests, and esi)ccially to the peculiar atmosphere, which invests them with a peculiar charm." (See Coast Ranges.) The second mountain belt is occupied by the great " Snowy Range," or the Sierra Nevada, which trends from the S. E. to tlie N. W. for a distance of over .550 mis., and has an average width from E. to W. of 80 mis. It forms the western edge of the great continental upheaval, or plateau, designated by the general name of the Cordilleras ; and corresponds in position to the Rocky Mts., the one being the western the other the eastern edge of the mass. No range among the Cordilleras surpasses, if any one equals, the Sierra Nevada in extent or altitude, and certainly no one can be compared with it in the general features of interest wliieli characterize it — scenery, vegetation and mineral wealth. The Sierra inosculates with the coast ranges at its two extrcmiti(;s, the Tejon Pass in the S. (in about 35° N. lat.) and Mt. Shasta in the N. In these localities the two mountain systems are so linked that there is no longerany geographical, but only a geologi- cal, distinction to be made between "them. The average height of the Sierra is three times as great as that of the coast ranges. Its culminat- ing section is in the neighborhood of 36U° N. lat., and from here the height of the peaks, as well as of the passes, sinks as we go northward or southward. At Lassen's Pk., in about 40^.1^° N. lat., the Sierra expands into .a grand vol- eanic ])lateau, extending from Mt. Shasta in tlie W. to Warner's Range in the E. (near the north-eastei'ii extremity of the state), and form- ing a labyrinth of ridges and valleys, tlefying all attempts at classification. Between the Sierra Nevada and the coast ranges there lies an extensive low plain, the third of the physical regions above enumerated, and known as the Central Valley, or as the Valley of the Sacra- mento and Sail Joaquin Rs. The traveler pas- sing up either of these streams observes at a distance of 20 or 30 mis. on either hand a con- tinuous wall of mountains, which a\)poar in the dim distance as simple narrow uplifts, but Avhicli are in reality but the edges of the broad mountain belts above described. This valley is level, and on the whole but slightly elevated above tide-water, inclutling large tracts of " Tule," or overfiowed lands. It is nearly 400 mis. long, and includes an area of about 13,000 sq. mis. The three physical regions above described are arranged in belts, strictly parallel to and conforming with thesea coast. The fourtli and last region has its own distinct peculiarities, and embraces the south-eastern part of the state. From the coast ranges, where they in- osculate with the Sierra Nevada at the 'fejon Pass branch otf mountain ranges: as the San Bernardino Mt., San Jacinto Mt., Santa Anna Mts., and many others. They include seques- CALIFORNIA. 167 CALIFORNIA. tered valleys, which, with their fertile soil, beautiful scenery and semi-tropical climate, form one of tlie most attractive features of Calitornia. But to the N. E. of this beautifully dlversifled district, there extends the little known desert of the interior, whicli, geographi- cally speaking, forms part of the great Interior Basin. Arid and hot, sandy and sterile, with numerous rockv, bleak and barren mountain chains, and a few insignificant water-courses, it has no attractions either for the tourist or the settler. A part of it is known as the Mohave Biver Desert. Bays and Harbors.— The largest, and in every way the finest, B. on the coast of the state, is that of San Francisco. The entrance from the Ocean is the Golden Gate, a strait of one mile in widtli and hemmed in by the picturesque terminations of the Coast Ranges on the N. and on the S. The bay is nearly 50 mis. long and 9 mis. wide, and is sheltered "from tlie violence of the winds on all sides by the surrounding hills. Toward the N. it expands into anotlier large sheet of water, San Pablo B., from the east- ern extremitv of which Carquines Strait leads into Suisun B. The latter receives the waters of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rs. San Diego Harljor is on the southern extremits' of the coast, about 45(5 mis. S. of San Francisco. It is well sheltered by surrounding hills, but lacks the advantages for inland commerce which San Francisco possesses. San Pedro B., in Los Angeles co.. Is 373 mis. S. of San Francisco, San Louis Obispo B. nearly 100 mis., Monterey B. 92 mis., Santa Cruz Harbor, SG mis., and Half Moon B., 46 mis. Drakes B. is 36 mis. N. of the Golden Gate, Tomales B., 4.5 mis.. Bodega B., 50 mis., and Humboldt B^ 223 mis. Rivers and Lakes. — California has l)ut two large rivers, the Sacramento and San Joaquin, which traverse the great central valley in op- posite directions and pour their united waters into Suisun B. Tlie main, though shorter, fork ot the Sacramento, rises near Mt. Shasta, while the East Fork, also called Pitt R , rises in Warners Range and flows through the lofty plateau whicli extends between this range anil the Sierra Nevada. The San Joaquin rises near Tulare Lake and flows north. Both streams receive iiunicrons tributaries from the Sierra Nevada, but comparativelj- few from tbe Coast Ranges. (See Sacramento R. and San Joaquin R.) The Colorado washes the S. E. boundary of the state, and being navigable to Callville, Nev., for small boats, is of considerable com- mercial importance. The many small er streams of California which empty into the Pacific Ocean rise among the Coast Ranges, and drain tlieir valleys and slopes. Enumerated from N. to S. they are the follow- ing: Klamath R., the outlet of the Klamath Lakes in Oreg.; Mud R., Eel R., formed by the junction of tlie Main and South Forks, and emp- tying N. of Cape Mendocino ; Russian R., Cayote Cr., entering the southern extremity of San Francisco Bl; the Rio San Benito and tlie Rio Salinas or de Monterey, lioth entering tbe B. of Monterey ; Gayamas R., Santa Inez Cr., Santa Clara R.', San "Gabriel R., Santa Anna R., Mar- garita R., San Luis Rey R., San Bernardo R., San Diego R., and lastly the Rio Tia Juana, which flows near the southern boundary of the state. Climate. — A country extending so far N. and S., and comprising sucli contrast of elevations and surface structure as California, naturally presents in its ditferent parts greatly varying climatic conditions. The mean annual temper- ature in the extreme N. of the state is probably below 50 degr. fahr.; in the S. E., where the Colo- rado Desert extends into the state, it exceeds TO degr. Observations made during the year 1858 in central California gave the follow- ing results : In San Francisco, mean annual lemperature, 56° 23'; highest temperature, 91°; lowest 3(-;* : in Sacramento, mean annual tem- perature, 59^ 58'; highest temperature, 97° lowest 29° ; in Marysville, mean annual tem- perature, QP 32', highest temperature, 103°, low- est, 29°. It will be' noticed that the range be- tween the extremes increases with the distance from the coast. In San Francisco it is 55° ; in Sacramento 68°, and in Marysville 74°. The coast ranges and their valleys have a decided- ly oceanic climate : moist, equable and free from sudden change?. In San Francisco rain begins to fall freely in JTovember or December, but gradually dimiiiislies in January ; Feljruary is spring-like, with but little rain ; ^March and April are pleasant and showery. In May the sea breeze begins and continues through the next three mouths. In September and October it moderates, and the air is mostly dry. Septem- ber is the hottest month in the year, and then follow October, August and July. Tlic interior of the state has a continental climate, the influ- ence of the sea scarcely reaching beyond the most eastern of the coast ranges. As we recede froA the ocean the days are warmer and the nights colder. Tlie great central valley has very dry summers, and liardlj- any luin falls" from May to November (lience the absence of forests) ; while the winters are moist. In the Sierra Neva- da the temperature decreases and the rainfall in- creases steadily with thealtitude. The line of per- petual snow is" about 9,000 feet above the ocean. The south-eastern corner of the state, which includes a part of the Colorado Desert, has a climate of its own. The lieat is intense, and in July the thermometer often rises above 100°. The average annual fall of rain through the state increases from S. to. N., and in the Sierra Nevada witli the altitude. In Fort Yuma it is but 4 inches ; in San Diego 10 ; in San Francisco 22 ; at Humboldt B. 34 ; and in the Sierra, above 5,000 feet, 44 inches and more. F^sre^o/wn.— Of the \,bOO species of plants com- posing the flora of Cal., about 225 are found only in this state or in Oreg., while the others, which arc represented elsewhere, are marked with strong individual peculiarities. The number of species of trees is small compared with those of the eastern portions of the conti- nent, nor is the extent and compactness of for- ests nearly so great as there. Tliegreat interior valley consists mainly of prairies, only the wa- ter-courses l)eing fringed with narrow belts of Cottonwood and other deciduous trees. The coast ranges produce forests not remarkable for variety or extent. Tlie valleys are park- like, as the trees gi-ow in graceful clumps. Var- ious kinds of oak and conifers predominate everywhere. The shrubby undergrowth con- sists of the'' chamiro," the" "manzanita," called by the settler the " California lilac," ;ind var- ious slirubby oaks, each furnished witli as many thorns as there are points to leaves and branches, making what is known as the " chaparal," im- penetrable tliickets, rendering iiart of tlie state quite inaccessible. The gloiy of the coast ranges is the Redwood (Sequoia semperviv- ens), a coniferous tree of great size and beauty of form. It frequently attains a height of 275 feet, and a circumference at the base of 50 feet. In the Sierra Nevada there are extensive forests, consisting mainly of pines, firs and other co- niferous trees. The most remarkable species among these is the " Big Tree " (Sequoia gigan- tea), whicli is found exclusively scattered over limited areas in the Sierra, over 4,000 feet above the sea level, and as far as known lietween 36° and 38° 15' lat. There are eight distinct patches or groves of the big trees. Theone in Calaveras CO., on the road which crosses the Sierra at the Silver Pass, was flrst discovered, and is the most accessible. It contains from 90 to 100 trees, varving in height from 2.53 to 325 feet, and in.circum'ference, 10 feet above the ground, from 31 to 45 feet. Another grove occurs near the border of Calaveras and Tuolumne cos., and about 25 mis. S. E. of this there is a tliii'd. The CALIFORNIA. 168 CALIFORNIA. Mariposa Grove is situated about 16 mis. S. o^ the Lower Hotel in the Yosemite Valley. Animals.— At the head of the Californian matamalia stands the grizzly bear. Formei-ly quite abundant in nearly all parts of the state, it now lives only in the more thinly inhabited sections. The black bear is limited to the cos. N. of San Francisco B. The raccoon does not materially tlitfer from that of the Atlantic states, and lives in the woodless districts, while the badger is confined to the forests. The other carnivora are : the skunk, the glutton, or wol- verine, a few of which are occasionally killed on the heights of the northern Sierra; the marten, mink, weasel, otter, cougar or panther, the beautifully spotted jaguar, the gray wolf, sev- eral kind of foxes, and the opossum. The in- sect-eaters are represented by the western mole and the star-nosed mole ; and the rodents or gnawers by the beaver, the woodchuck, several species of sqiiirrels, mice and m.uskrats. To the ruminants or cud-chewers belong the elk, the white-tailed deer and the black-tailed deer, the antelope and the mountain sheep or "Big- horn'" (Ovis moutana). Nearly all the orders of birds common to the temperate zone are well repi'es(>nted in California. The principal are several kinds of wood-peckers, the white- headed eagle, the golden eagle, tlie fish hawk, marsh hawk and white-tailed hawk, numerous species of owls, hiimmiug birds, etc. There are eighty-five species of reptiles in Cal., as tor- toise, the western terrapin, lizards (more num- erous than in any other state), rattlesnakes, various harmless serpents and frogs. Fishes abound in the rivers and lakes and near the sea coastj and in variety excel those of any other division of equal extent. Tlie salmon are plentiful in spring, and trout of large size and excellent quality inhabit the mountain lakes. Perches of several feet in length are frequently caught. The white fish inhabits the southern waters of the state. The " Big Basse" caught near San Francisco is considered the best sea-fish sold iothat market. The Cal. mackerel is simi- lar to the Atlantic species but smaller, and is mostly eaten fresh. Eatable moUusks, as clams, oysters and muscles, are extensively sold for food, and crabs, lobsters and shrimps are both abundant and large. J'opiikUion.—CaMtomia, had, in 1870, 582,031 in- habitants, 49'.),424 of v/hom were white, 4,27-2 col- oreil, 40,310 Chinese, and 20,025 Indians. Of the latter there were 21,784 sustaining tribal rela- tions, and 7,241 out of tribal relations. The na- tivities were as follows : Born in the United States, 3.50,416, including 162,093 native Califor- nians ; born in foreign countries, 209,s.30, includ- ing 10,602 British Americans, 17,685 Englishmen, 54,421 Irishmen, 4,949 Scotchmen, 29,699 Germans, 4,660 Italians and 8,978 Mexicans. The growth of Cal. has been verj' rapid. The first census, which was taken in 1850, shortly after the gold disooveries, reports 92,597 inhabitants; that of 1860, 379,994 inhabitants. OccupcUions. — The number of persons above 10 years of age in 1870 was 430,444, and of these 238,618 were engaged in the ditferent classes of gainful occupation, viz.: In agriculture, 47,863 ; in professional and personal services, 76,112; in trade and transportation, 33,165 ; and in manu- factures, mechanical and mining industries, 81,508. The two branches most numerous were : Farm laborers, 37,58(), antl miners, 36,339 ; the farmers numbered 24,061 ; domestic servants, 1.5,- 472; clergymen, 569 : lawyers, 1,115; journalists, 209 : and phvsicians and surgeons, 1,257. Mining. — The first gold iliscovery was made in 1848 by I. W. Jlarshall, while digging a race for a saw mill of Captain Sutter. As soon as the news of it became known thousands of ail- venturers from the eastern states, from Eu- ropcj and even from distant China, flocked to the land of promise, and ever since Cal. has helel the first place among the gold-producing countries of the world. Gold is obtained by be- ing washed out of the soil, or by crushing the quartz rock containing the metallic veins, in mills. The washing process on a small scale is called "placer mining," and is not now much fol- lowed in the state. Hydraulic mining is placer mining on a large scale, and is still a highly re- munerative pursuit. It requires much outlay of capital. Large quantities of water are car- ried down fi'om the mountains in flumes or ditches, and immense hills, hundreds of feet high, are washed away until the gold-bearing gravel is reached. The metal is saved in long sluice-boxes, through which the earth and wa- ter are run, in the bottom of which gold Is caught by quicksilver, then the mass of earth and gravel is run ofi' into soma deep valley or river, and it is this operation which often ren- ders h5'draulic mining so exti-eraely costly. Quartz mining is now the chief process of obtaining gold in Cal., and will remain so for years, as the veins are rich and abundant. The productive gold mines are located princi- pally on the western slopes and spurs of the Sierra Nevada, and in the following cos.: Inyo. Mariposa, Tuolumne, Calaveras, Amador, El Dorado, Placer, Nevada, Sierra, Yuba, Butte, Plumas, Alpine, Shasta and Del Norte. The amount of gold taken from the mines can never be known accurately, as no records are kept. But the fact is certain that the yield an- nually increased from 1849, culminated in 1853, and has since then gradually fallen otf. The amount of treasure manifested for exportation from San Francisco was, in 1849, $4,921,2,50 ; in 1851, $42,582,695; in 1853, i5s57,330,034 ; in 1855, *45,- 1&'2,031 ; in 1857, $48,976,697 ; in 1859, $47,649.462 ; in 1861, $10,639,080: in 1863, $46,071,920, and in 1865, $44,9S4,546. R. W. Raymond, U. S. Commissioner of jVIining Statistics, estimates the total yield of bullion for 1869 at $20,000,000. Silver mining is almost the sole pursuit for the inhabitants of the three cos. of Calave- ras, El Dorado and Shasta. It occurs mostly in argentiferous galena. Very rich deposits of quicksilver ore (cinnaba.") occur in many parts of the state, but the only mines yielding profit- able returns are the New Almaden, the New Idria, the Redington, the Guadalupe, and the San Juan Bautista. The first of these was the earliest opened, and is by far the most produc- tive. It yielded from July, 18.50, to December, 1867, 461,887 flasks, or 35,333,586 lbs. of pure metal. Productive coal mines are worked near Mt. San Diablo, E. of San Francisco B., and among the other mineral treasures of the state are copper, iron, borax, salt anil sulphur. Agriculture. — In Cal. the rains begin late in October. Grass is green all winter ; plowing begins on the first of Deceml^er, and sowing is continued as late as March. Thus the farmer has three or four months to put in his crops. Corn is ))lanted from March to May, and har- vested as late as December. After the niidiUe of April the rains cease, and the whole harvest season is absolutely without rain. The great valleys of the San Joaquin and the Sacramento embrace the far greater part of the farming lands of Cal.; but many of the valleys of the coast ranges, and tliose S. of the San liernar- dino ]Mts., are equally productive. AVith so large a hotly of most fertile lands and so favor- able a climate, ]n'ovi(kHl the farmer ailaptshim- self to the peculuirity of the seasons, agricul- ture is already the principal occupation of Cal. In 1870 the improved land amounted to 6,218,- 133 acres, or between one-sixth and one-seventh of the arable surface of the state. The cash value of farms was $141,240,028; or .$22.70 per improved acre. Farmers paid wages to iha amount of $10,369,247, and the farm productions, including additions to stock, wewj wortli $t'.),- 8,56,024. The wheat crop amounted to 16,»)76,702 bush., which were mostly grown in t.ie valley of San Joaquin. Fields of 2,000 or 4.000 acrea CALIFORNIA, 169 CALIFOENIA. make out small farms there, and ten times larger ones are not at all rare. In 18T2 the wheat crop was estimated at 180,000 tons, and tlie sur- plus of the whole state was believed to require for transportation 700 ships of 1,000 tons each. Tlie other crops were (according to the census) 1,221,22-2 hush, of corn ; 1,757,507 hush of oats ; 8,783,490 bush, of barley ; 11,391,743 lbs. of wool: 2,049,227 bush, of Irish pot's; 202,035 bush, of sweet pot's ; 7,969,744 lbs. of butter ; 551,773 tone of hay, and 1,814,056 gallons of wine. The grape vine thrives excellentiv in Cal., and even those varieties which in the East can only be raised in glass houses are grown there in the open air. Extensive vineyards are near Sonoma, V'isalia, in the Napa Valley, and near Anaheim in Los Angeles co. Semi-tropical fruits are extensively raised in southern Cal., and inchide tlie orange, olive, lemon, lime, etc. Immense orchards ot apples pears, peaches, and other northern fruits have been planted in the central portions of the state, and their products are largely ex- ported to the eastern states. In 1870 the value of orchard products was $1,3.S4,480. The total value of all live stock was $37,904,752 ; and the number of horses was 192,273 ; of mules and ass- es, 17,533; of milch cows, 164,093; of working oxen, 5,944; of other cattle, 461,361; of sheep, 2,768,187, and of swine, 444.617. Manufactures.— 1x1 1870 there were 3,984 manu- facturing establisments in Cal., employing 604 steam-engines -with 18,493 horse-power, and 25,- 392 hands. The capital invested in this branch of industry was $39,728,202 ; the wages paid were $13,136,722 ; the materials used had a value of $35,351,193, and the total value of products amounted to $66, .594,556. The most important branches and the value of their products wei-e : Blacksmithing, $1,161,790; boots and shoes, $2,- 214,807 ; bakery products, $1,18.5,820 ; carpen- tering and bnikling, $1., 391, 163 ; carriages and wagons, $1,309,443 ; men's clothing, $1,090,270 ; flouring and grist-mill products, $9,036,386 ; lum- ber, $6,279,914; machinery, $3,214,817; refined sugar, $3,904,045 ; printing and publishing, $1,523,- 446; quicksilver, $1,027,680; milled quartz, $:3,- 405,778; cigars, $1,909,917; and woolen goods, $1,102,7^. Commerce and Railroads. — The total declared value of goods imported in San Francisco was, in 1870, $20,384,907, and the export of domestic goods.$20,791,414,and the export of foreign goods $2,85(!,116. Cal. has 143 steam vessels, with49,886i<^ tons ; 720 sailing vessels, with 75,352i^ tons, aiicf 63 barges, with 8,061}^ tons ; or an aggregate of 926 vessels, with 133,300 tons burden. In 1802 Cal. had but 23 nils, of railroads ; in 1873, 1,013 mis. The principal lines are as fol- lows : The Central Pacilic K. R., from San Francisco to Ogden, Utah, 881 nils., with branches from Kiles to San Jose, 18 mis.; from Lathrop to Visalia, 152 mis., 20 of which were completed in 1871 ; from Koseville to Oregon state line, 330 mis., 70 mis. of which were in use in 1871 ; from Alameda to Hay wards, 15 mis., and from Oakland to iSrooklyn, 5 mis.; the Southern Pacific R. R., from San Francisco via Tehachapi Pass and Los Angeles to Fort Yuma, on the Colorado R., about 720 mis., 175 mis. of which were completed June 1, 1872. At Fort Yuma the road will connect with the Texas Pacific R. E., which is now rapidly crossing Indian Ter. Wealth, Taxation and Indebtedness.— The as- sessed value of real estate in 1870 was $176,527,- 160 ; of iiersonal property, $93,426,908 ; together, $269,644,008. The taxation, not national, was $2,982,929, of which $1,456,024 was state tax, $1,122,- 971 county tax, and $403,937 town and county tax. The public state debt was, on April 1st, 1872, $3,312,500, payable in N. Y., and bearing 7 per cent, interest. Principal and interest pay- able in gold. In addition to this the state pays 6 per cent, interest on bonds, to the amount of $1,500,000, issued by the Central Pacific R. R. Education and Newspapers.— The schools of Cal. are justly famous, and the educational in- terest is in no state better appreciated and sup- ported. In 1870 there were 91,176 children at- tending school, against 25,916 in 1860, and 993 in 1850. The number of schools of all classes was 1,.548, with 2.444 teachers. The 1,342 public schools had an income of $1,627,376, mostly derived from taxation and public funds. The" two universi- ties had 18 teachers and 2.50 pupils, 65 of whom were females. The 17 colleges had 156 teachers and 3,046 pupils. Besides these institutions Cal. had 5 academies, a medical school, a theological seminary, a commercial Institute, an institute for the blind and one for the deaf and dumb, 8 schools of art and music, and 2 technical schools. There were further, 154 day and board- ing schools and IS parochial and charity schools. The total number of newspapers was 201, which had a circulation of 491,903. Of these there were dailies, 33; tri- weeklies, 4; semi- weeklies, 4; advertising sheets, 4, and month- lies, 3. These papers represented the follow- ing interests : Agriculture, 2 ; benevolent and secret societies, 4; commercial and financial, 15; literature, 6 ; those devoted to nationality numbered 7 ; to politics, 141, with a circulation of 239,253 ; to religion, 14 ; and to technical and professional interests, 7. Those having the largest circulation are : " San Francisco Call " (daily), 24,394 : " San Fran- cisco Chronicle " (tlaily), 21,.500 ; " San Francisco Alta California " (dailv), 5,500 ; " San Francisco Bulletin " (dailj^), 11,000 ; " Sacramento Union " (weekly), 15,000; "San Francisco Wiue Dealer's Gazette " (monthly), 7,680 ; and San Francisco "West " (monthly), 10,000. Government.—'Cal. was ceded to the United States bj^ the treaty of peace which terminated the war with Mexico in 1848, and was admitted into the Union as a state in 1850. The Governor, Lieut. Governor, Secretary of State, Comp- troller, Treasurer, Attorney-General, Surveyor- General, and Superintende'nt of Public Instruc- tion are chosen for four years, commencing with the first Monday in December after elec- tion. The last election for state ofllcers was in September, 1871. The Legislature meets blenniallv on the first Monday of December of the odd years. It consists of forty Senators and eighty Repre- sentatives. The Supreme Court consists of a Chief Justice and four Associate Justices. It has appellate jurisdiction in all cases of equity, in all cases involving the title or possession of real estate, or in which the matter in controversy amounts to $300, and in all criminal cases amounting to felony on questions of law alone. The state is divided into 14 judicial districts, in each of which there is a district court. The term of oflice for the Justices of the Supreme Court is 10 years ; for the Judges of the District Courts 6 years, and for Judges of the County Courts 4 years. The state is divided into the following fifty counties: Alameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El Dorado, Fresno, Humboldt, Inyo, Kern, Klamath, Lake, Lassen, Los Angeles, Marine, Mariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer, Plumas, Sacramento, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, San- ta Barbara, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma, .Stanislaus,, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba. The state capital is Sacramento, on the R. of the same name, with 16,2^3 inhabitants. The metropolis is San Francisco, with 149,473 in- habitants. The four remaining cities are : Oakland, 10,500 inhabitants; Stockton, 10,066 inhabitants; San Jose, 9,089 inhabitants, and Los Angeles, 5,728 inhabitants. CALIFORNIA. 170 CALVERT. California, tn. in Madison cOy Ark. Pop., 315. California, tn. in Starke cc, Ind. Pop., 251. Catiforiiia, tn. in Cotfey Co.. Kans. Pop., G45. California, p. v. in Campbell co., Ky., on the Ohio K., 6 nils, above Newport. California, tn. in Branch co., Mich. Pop., 803. California, p. o. in the above tn., S. E. of Cold AVatcr. ♦California, p. v. and co. seat of Moniteau CO., Mo., on the Missouri & Pacillc K. II., 25 mis. W. of .Jefferson City. In the co. are produc- tive coal and lead mines. Two newspapers. California, p. o. in Currituck co., N. C. California, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., and near the mouth of the Little Miami R. California, v. in Madison co., Ohio, 8 mis. S. E. of Loiiilon. California, p. v. in Wasliington co.. Pa., on tht! Monongahela 11., 5 mis. above Allenport. California Honse, p. o. in Wirt co., W. Va. Calistog^a, p. v. in Napa co., Cal., on the Napa liranch of the California Pacific U. 11., 29 mis. N. W. of Napa City. Calla, p. o. in Pawnee co., Nebi\ Callas'han's, p. o. in Alleghany CO., Va. Callalian, co. in Tex. Callalian, p. o. in Nassau co.j Fla. Callaltan's Ranch, p. v. in Siskiyou CO., Cal., on the South Branch of Scott's K., and 27 nils. S. S. W. of Yreka. Callanan's Corners, p. o. in Albany co.^N.Y. CalIan«l*B, tn. in Pittsylvania co., Va. Pop., 2,S4S. Cal land's, p. o. in the above tn. Callao, p. o. in La Porte co., Ind. Callao, tn. in ]Macon co., Mo. Pop., 1.013- Callao, p. V. in the above tn., on the Hanniljal & St. .Josephs K. II., 79 mis. W. of Hannibal ami of Quincy. Callaway, p. o. in Josli Bell co., Ky. Callaway, co. in Ken., S. W. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 9,410; in 1S60, 9,915. The Tennessee R. forms the E. boundary ; the state line of Tenn. the southern. The greater part of the co. has a rolling or hilly surface ; but the bottom-lands of the water-courses are wide and level, consisting mostly of allu- vial flats of great fertility. The East fork of Clark's R. flows through tlie center of the co. from S. to.N.; the South fork flows through the western pai't, and Jonathan Ci'. through the eastern. The two last-named streams rise within the co. Murray is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 33,770 bush.; rye, 698 bush.; Indian-corn, 417,410bush.; oats, 9,"228 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,355 bush.- sweet pot's, 15,473 bush.; tobacco, 1,994,502 lbs.; but- ter, 6ti,040 lbs.; hay, 541 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,194,590. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $778,798. Value of manufactures, $153,880. Callaxvay, co. in Mo., E. central part. Area, 743 sq. mis. Pop., 19,202; in 1860, 17,449. It borders in the S. on the Missouri R., and in the W. on Cedar Cr. The surface is undulat- ing and has a general slope from the N. to the S. A large part consists of prairies. The soil is very productive. The co. is drained by several small creeks, flowing into the Mis- souri R. Cannel and bituminous coal and iron ore are abundant. Pulton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in J870: Wheat, 167,- 545 bush.; rve, 7,993 bush.; Indian-corn, 971,715 bush.; oats, 405,294 bush.; Irish ])ot's, 45,229 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,325 bush.; toliacco, 938,228 lbs.; butter, 205,233 lbs.; hay, 10,395 tons. Casli value of farms, $"),803,926. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,649,405. Value of manu- factures, $281,107. ('allaway, tn. in St. Charles co., Mo. Pop., 1.745. I Callaway, p. o. in Madison co., Mont. Callaway s, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Callcnsbnrgli, p. v. in Clarion co.. Pa., on the Clarion R., and 7 mis. E. N. E. of Pollock, on the Alleghany River R. R. It is sur- rounded by a farming district. Callicoon, tn. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pop., 2,763. Callicoon, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. E, of Callicoon Depot. Callicoon Depot, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., on the Erie R. R., IS^^mls.N. of Narrowsburg, and on the Delaware R. Calliope, p. v. and the co. seat of Sioux co., Iowa, on the Sioux R., 35 mis. N. of Sioux City. Pop., 40. Calloway, p. o. in Upshur co., Tex. Call's Fort, p. o. in l5ox Elder co., Utah. Callville, v. in l.,incoln co., N(iv., on tlieriglifc bank of the Colorado R., which is navigable to this point. Calniar, tn. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 1,864. *Calinar, p. v. in the above tn.; is the eastern terminus of the Iowa & Dakota Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., and lies at the junction with the Iowa & Minnesota Di- vision. It is a I'apidly growing ijlaee. Calinar, p. o. iuMcPherson co., Kans. Calinus, p. v. in Clinton C(j., Iowa, on the Chi- cago & Northwestern R. R.. ."1 mis. W. of Clin- ton and 111^ mis. W. of De Witt. Cain, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 984. Cain, p. o. in the above tn., on the Pennsylva- nia Central R. R., '3% mis. W. of Downing- town. Calno, p. o. in Warren co., N. J., on the Dela- wai'e R. Caloina, p. o. in Marion co., Iowa. Calpella, tn. in Mendocino co., Cal. Pop., 807. Calpella, p. v. in the above tn., on the Russian R., 8 nils. N. of Ukiah, the co seat. Calumet, co. in Wis., E. jiart. Area about 300 sq.mls. Pop., 12,335; in 1860, 7,895. Itisbound- eil on the W. by Lake Winnebago and its out- let. Fox R., and drained by tlu; source streams of the Manitowoc R., which rise within it and flow eastward to Lake Michif^an. The sur- face is broken and a swell of the ground tra- verses the CO. from N. to S., parallel to the shore of Lake Winnebago. The soil is pro- ductive. Chilton is the co. scuit. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 310,040 bush.; rye, 2,072 bush.; Indian-corn, 42,,344 bush.; oats, 175,294 bush.; Irish pot's, 41,196 busli.; sweet pot's, 1 bush.; butter, 305,386 lbs.; hay, 13,230 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,879,810. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $760,848. Value of niaiuifactures, $157,260. Cain met, tn. in Cook co., 111. Pop., 1,2.53. Calumet, p. v. in the above tn., at the intei'- section of the Illinois Central R. R. with the Michigan Central R. R., 14 mis. S. of Chicago, and near Caluiuet Lake. Calumet, tn. in Houghton co., Mich. Pop., 3.1S2. ^Calumet, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. E. of Houghton. It is surrounded by a rich farming district, and grows rapidly. Calumet, tn. in Pike co., Mo. Pop.,' 5,185. Calumet, p. o. in the above tn. Calumet, p. o. in Jett'erson co., Ohio. Calumet, tn. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis. Pop., 1.460. Calumet Harbor, p. v. in Door co.. Wis. Calvary, p. o. in Decatur co., Ga. Calvary, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Calvary, p. o. in Fond du Lac co., Wis. Calvert, co. in Md., S. part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop., 9,865 ; in 1860, 10,447. The sur- face is undulating; the soil mod er.ately fer- tile. The CO. is bounded on the K. by the Chesapeake B. and on the W. by the Patux- CALVERT. 171 CAMBRIDGE. ent E., whicli empties at its southern extrem- ity. Tliere are extensive beds of marl in the CO. Prhice Fredericktown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 38.6'23 bush.; rye,3,9(J5busli.; Indian-corn, 178,409 bush.; oats, 28,740 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,413 bush.; sweet pot's, 100 bush.; butter, 32,018 lbs.; liay. 371 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,100,526. Total, estimated, value of all farm pi'oductions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $568,237. Value of manufactures, $163,030. C!alvert, tn. in Grant co., Ark. Pop., 476. *Calvert, p. v. in Robertson co., Tex., on the Houston & Texas Central R. R., 130 mis. N. W. of Houston. The neighborhood produces much cotton. It is a growing place and has considerable commerce. It lies in the geogra- phical center of the state. Two newspapers. Calvert City, p. o. in Marshall co., Ky. Calverton, p. o. in Suffolk co., N. Y. Calverton M1I1», p. o. in Baltimore co., Md., il4 nils, from Baltimore. Calvin, tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 1,788. Calvin, p. o. in the above tn., S. of Cassopolis. Calvin, p. o. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Calviai's Corners, p. o. in Crawford co., Pa. Calvy, tn. in Franklin co.. Mo. Pop., 1,208. Calvy, p. V. in the above tn., 11 mis. S. W. of Union, the co. seat. Caniac, or Caiuali, v. in Warren co., Ga., at the junction of the Macon & Augusta R. R. witli the Georgia R. R., 47 inls. W. of Augusta. Camacliville, p. o. in Lee co., Iowa. Canianche, p. v. in Calaveras co., Cal., on the Moki'lunme R., and 27 mis. E. of Mokelumne. Canianche, tn. in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,453. *Canianclje, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississippi R., about 40 mis. N. of Davenport. It is surrountled by a rich farming district. Caniar^o, tn. in Douglas co., 111. Pop., 1,808. Camarg'o, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. E. N. E. of Tuscola. Cainargo, v. in Lee co., Iowa, on the Des Moines R., 10 mis. above Keokuk. Camarg'o, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 14!4 mis. S. E. of Lancaster. Caniargo, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn. Camas Valley, p. o. in Douglas co., Oreg. Camba, p. v. in Jackson co., Ohio, on the Ports- mouth Branch of the Cincinnati & Marietta R. R., 10 nils. S. of Jackson. Cambra, p. v. in Luzerne co., Pa., 14 mis. N. of Berwick on the Lackawanna & Bloomsbui-g R. R. Cambria, co. in Pa., S. W. part. Area about 675 sq. mis. Pop., 36,539 ; in 1860, 29,155. This CO. is a part of the great Apalachian Plate.au, and has an average elevation above the sea level of 1,200 feet. The surface is broken and cut by deep valleys and ravines. The eastern boundary is formed by the Alleghany Bits. Large tracts are covered with forests, which yield large quantities of lumber. Near the center are the sources of the West Branch of the Susquehanna R., and its affluents. Chest Cr. and Clearfield Cr. The Conemaugh R. rises in the Alleghany Mts. and traverses the CO. from E. to W. Its tributary, Blacklick Cr., also rises in this co. Thus it includes part of the water shed between the Atlantic Ocean and the Ohio R. The co. is intersected by the Pennsylvania Central R. R., and a branch connects Cresson on this road with Ebens- burgh, the co. seat. The Pennsylvania Canal follows the valley of the Conemaugh R. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 56,938 bush.: rye, 47,385 bush.; oats, 346,991 bush ; Indian-corn, 153,2,52 bush.; Irish pot's, 89,368 bush.; butter, 428,273 lbs.; hay, 25,801 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,834,076. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,140,417. Value of manufactures, $8,641,813. Cambria, p. v. in San suuis Obispo co., CaL Cambria, p. o. in Wayne co., Iowa. Cambria, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. POp^ Cambria, tn. in Niagara CO., N. Y. Pop., 2,145. Cambria, p. o. in the above tn. Cambria, tn. in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 1,086. Cambria, p. o. in Cambria co., on the Pennsyl- vania Central R. R., 1 mle N. W. of Johnstown. *Cambria, p. v. in Columbia co., Wis., on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 18 mis. S. E. ot Portage. Pop., 510. It lies in an agricultural district, and is rapidly increasing. Cambria, tn. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop., 1 ,683. ' Cambria Mills, p. v. in tin; above tn., on Pal- mer Cr., 6 mis. .'^. of Hillsdale. Cambria Station, p. o. in Chester Co., Pa. Cambridge, p. v. in Dallas co., Ala., near Bogue Chitto Cr., and 36 nils. S. W. of Selma, Cambridge, tn. in Henry co.. 111. Pop., 1,682. *Cambridge, p. v. in the above tn.andthe co. seat, on the Peoria & Rock Island II. R., 29 mis. S. E. of Rock Island and 14 nils. N. W. of Galva; lies in a rich agricultural district, and is rapidly improving. Pop., 800. Two news- papers. Cambridge, v. in Cedar co., Iowa, 30 mis. N. W. of Davenport. Cambridge, p. v. in Story co., Iowa, on the Skunk R., l\)]/, mis. N. by E. of Des Moines ; is suri'onnded by a rich farming district. Cambridge, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Pop., 472. Cambridge, p. o. in the above tn. *Cambridge, p. v. and the co. seat of Dor- chester CO., Md., on the S. bank of the Chop- tank R.; is the terminus of 1ho Dorchester R. R., 33 mis. from Seaport, Del., and has a large trade in lumber and oysters. The sur- rounding CO. is engaged in fruit growing and farming. Pop., 1,983. Two newspapers. ♦Cambridge, city in Middlesex co., Mass., near Boston, comprises, Cambridge, East Cam- bridge,Cambri(lgeport, and North Cambi'idge: is the seat of Harvard Univcrsif v. the oldest and best endowed college of the U'nited States, which was founded in 1638 and iiuined after the Rev. John Harvard. The University comprises an Academical department, a medi- cal school, a law school, a theological school and a scientific school , and occupies over 20 buildings. A botanical garden of over 8 acres belongs to it. The number of professors and instructors is 75, and the numlier of students in 1870 was 65.5. The library contains 184,000 volumes. Pop. of Cambridge, 3'.t,6:; I ; in 1860, 2(i,0(;o ; and in 1850, 15,225. It lias various manu- factories and three newspapers. Cambridge, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop,, 1,110. Cambridge, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. N. W. of Adrian. Cambridge, tn. in Isanti co., Minn. Pop., Cambridge, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rum R., and 47 mis. N. of St. Paul. Cambridge, p. v. in Saline co., Mo., on the Missouri R., 40 mis. above Booneville. Cambridge, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 28. Cambridge, tn. in Washington co., N. Y. Pop., 2.5S9. *Can»bridge, p. v. in the above tn., near the Troy & Rutland R. R., 11 mis. S. of Salem and O.J nils, from Albany. One newspaper. Cambridge, tn. in Guernsev co., Ohio. Pop., 3,624. ♦Cambridge, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Central Ohio Division of the Bal- timore & Ohio R. R., 22 nils. E. of Zanesville and 85 mis. from Columbus. It lies on the right bank of Wills Cr. Pop., 2,193. It has coal mines and salt works, and is surrounded by a stock raising and farming district. Three newspapers. Cambridge, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., 2 nila. CAMBRIDGE. 172 CAMDEN. S. "W. of Honcybrook. the terminus of the Waynesburg Branch or the R. R. Cambridge, tn. in Crawford co., Pa. Pop., 747. Cambridge, tn. in Lamoille co., Vt. Pop., i,*;5i. *Caii» bridge, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lamoille 11. and 17mls. W. of Hyde Park, and 20 mis. N. E. of Burlington. One newspaper. Cambridge, p. v. in Dane co., Wis., on the Ko^ihkonong R., near the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., -13 mis. S. E. of Madison. Canibridgeborongli, p. v. in Crawford co., Pu. on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 'iTJ^mls. S. W. of Corry. It lies in an agricul- tural district. Pop., 452. One newspaper. •Cambridge City, p. v. in Wayne co., Ind., on the White Water R.; is an important R. R. center, 79 mis. N. W. of Cincinnati, G5 mis. W. of Columbus, 53 mis. E. of Indianapolis, 31 mis. S. of Muncie, and 12 mis. N. of Connersville. The R. Rs. intersecting here are the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., Fort Wayne, Muncie & Cincinnati R. R., and White Water Valley R. R. Tlie place has an extensive commerce and numerous manufac- tories. Pop.,2,l(;2. One newspaper. *Cambridgeport, or Nortli Cambridge, p. o. in MiiUllesex co., Mass. It lies between Boston and Cambridge, and forms part of the latter citv. Cambridgeiiort, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 7 uds. W. of Bellows Falls. *Camden, p. v. and co. seat of Wilcox co., Ala., 4 mis. S. of the Alabama R. and 30 mis. S. W. of Selma. It is an important commercial center and has one newspaper. *Camdeii, p. v. and co. seat of Ouachita co.. Ark., on the Ouachita, or Washita R., and 110 mis. S. S.W. of Little Rock. Pop., 1,612. Steam- boats ascend the river to this place. The sur- rounding region produces mucli cotton, which is shipped liere. Four newspapers. Camden, p. v. in Kent co.,Dcl., on a branch of •Jones Cr., 3 nils. S. of Dover. Camden, co. in Ga.; forms the S. E. extremity of the state. Area, 740 sq. mis. Pop., 4,615; in 1860, 5,420. It lies between the Little Satilla R. and the St. Mary's R., and is traversed by the Satilla R., M'hich also forms the western boundary. The co. borders on the ocean and includes Cumberland Island. The surface is level and in some parts swampy. Jefferson- ton is the CO. seat Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 28,552 bush.; oats, 456 bush.; Irish pot's, 5'52bush.; sweet pot's, 19,187 bush.; but- ter. 10,955 lbs.; rice, 2,877,020 lbs.; cotton, 135 bales.; hay, 4 tons. Cash value of farms, $283,- 793. Total, estimated, value of all farm pi'O- ductious, including additions to stock, etc., 1^280,173. Value of manufactures, ,'«i.')02,150. Camden, tn. in Seliuyler co., 111. Pop., 1,173. Ctimden, p. o. in the" above tn., 13 mis. W. of Rushvilie. Camden, v. in Jav co., Ind., on the Salamonie R., 14 mis. E. N. E. of Hartford City. It Camden, p. v. in Carroll co., Ind., on Deer Or., ^l^ mis. N. E. of Delphi. Cantdch, p. o. iu Siory co., Iowa, on the Skunk i;., 8 mis. N. W. of -Nevada, the co. seat. Camden, tn. in Knox co.. Me. Pop., 4,512. *tUimden, p. v. in the above tn., on Penobscot B., 8 mlfi. N. of Rockport and 40 mis. E. S. E. of Augusta. It has considerable commerce and slup-building. One newspapei-. Cani«ien, tn. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop., 1,883. Camden, p. v. in the above tn., 5% mis. S. of Ruailing. Camden, tn. in Carver CO., Minn. Pop., 414. Camden, p. o. in Madisoui CO., Miss. Camden, Ln in Ruy co., Mo. Pop., 3,347. Camden, p. v. in the above tn., on the left bunk of the Missouri R., on the North Mis- souri R. 11., 34 mis. E. of Kansas City ami 84 mis. W. of Moberly Junction. By water it is 325 mis. from St. Louis, and large quantities of tobacco, hemp and grain are shipped to that city. Caniden, tn. in DeKalb co.. Mo. Pop., 1,359. Camden, co. in Mo., central part. Area, 580 sq. mis. Pop., 6,108 ; hi 1860, 4,975. It has a hilly and broken surface, and is intersected by the Osage R., which also forms part of the northern boundary. The Big Niangua E , an affluent of the Osage, flows tli rough the cen- tral part, the Little Niangua R. flows througli the western arid the Auglaize R. through the eastern. Linn Creek is tlie co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1S70: Wheat, 43,001 bush.; rye, 1,377 bush.; Indian-corn, 181,288 bush.; oats, 2;j,415 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,486 bush.; sweet pot's, 723 bush.; tobacco, 25,507 lbs.; hay, 430 tons. Cash value of farms, $492,558. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $275,150. Value of maiuifactures, $104,197. Camden, p. v. in Seward co., Nebr., on the North Fork of the Big Blue R. and i]^ mis. S. E. of Milford, the co. seat. *Camden, city and the co. seat of Camden co., N. J., on tlie'E. bank of the Delaware R., op- posite Philadelphia, with whicli it is con- nected by steam ferries. By the Cjtmden & Amljoy R. R. it is 32 mis. S. S. W. of Trenton and 87 mis. S. W. of N. Y., and other railroads connect it with Cape May and Atlantic City, in tlie eastern and southern parts of the state. Camden has iron foundries, machine works, cotton factories, woollen factories, and con- siderable trade. Pop., 20,045; in 1860, 14,358, and in 1850, 9,479. Three newspapers. Camden, co. in N. J., S. part. Area, 275 sq. mis. Pop., 46,193 ; in 1860, 54,457. It borders in the N. W. on the Delaware R., opposite Philadelphia. The N. E. boundary is formed by the Pensauken Cr. and Mullica R.; the S. W. boundary by Big Timber Cr. The surface is low and level ; the soil sandy but produc- tive ; and, as marl is abundant, the co. has ample facilities for farming and gardening. Large quantities of fruit and vegetables are raised for the Philadelphia market. The Cam- den & Atlantic R. R. intersects the co. from N. W. to S. E. Caniden is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 85,284 biish.; rye, 27,036 bush.; oats, 17,808 bush.; Indian-corn, 320,774 bush.; Irish pot's, 376,369 bush.; sweet pots, 113,523 bush.; butter, 206,775 lbs.; hay, 16,389 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,793,480. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, hicluding additions to stock, etc., $2,- 072,298. Value of manufactures, $8,.3.30,013. Camden, co. in N. C, N. E. part; borders on Va. Area about 275 sq. mis. Pop., 5.361 ; in 1J<60, 5,343. The south-western boundary is formed by the Pasquotank R., the south- eastern by North R., and tlie southern by Albemarle Sound, into wliich tliese rivers empty. The surface is low and level, and much of the soil is sandy. Large tracts arc covered with cypress and cedar forests. The Great Dismal Swamps occupy tlio northern part of tlie co. Tlie Dismal Swamp Canal, which connects the Pasquotank R. with Deep Cr., an alfluent of the James, passes tlirough the CO. from S. to N. Camden Court House is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,823 bush.; Indian-corn, 329,660 bush.; oats, 10,430 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,186 busli.; sweet pot's, 24,655 bust.: butter, 9,646 lbs. Cash value of farms, $.531,296. Total, estimated, value of all farm iiroductioiis, including additions to stock, etc., $337,789. Value of manufactures, $67,ti50. Camden, tn. in Oneida co., N. V. Pop., 3,687. ^Camden, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie RoniC & Watertown R. R., 18 mis. N. W. of Rome Pop., 1,703. One newspaper. Camdeu, tn. iu Loram co., Ohio. Pop., 858, CAMDEN. 173 CAMPBELL. Camden, v. in the above tn , on the Cleveland & Toledo R. R., 7 mis. W. of Oberlin. Camden, p. v. in Preble co., Ohio, on the Cin- cinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., 44 mis. N. of Cincinnati and 9 mis. S. of Eaton. It lies in a fei-tlle farming district, and has excellent water-powei-. Pop., 648. ♦Camden, p. v. and co. seat of Kershaw dis- trict. S. C; is the terminus of a branch of the South Carolina R. R., joining the main line at Kingsville, and lies near the Wateree R. in a fertile district. The river is navigable to this point. It is a nourishing place, has an academy and considerable local trade. Pop., 1,007. Two newspapers. Camden, p. v. and the co. seat of Benton co., Tenn., 9 mis. from the Tennessee R. and 24 rals. E. of Huntingdon. Pop., 148. Camden Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of Camden co., N. C, 5 mis. from Elizabeth City. Camden 9fills, v. in Rock Island eo.,Ill., near the Junction of the Rock Island and Missis- sippi Rs. It has abundant water-power, and is about 3 mis. S. of Rock Island. Camden Point, p. v. in Platte co.. Mo., 7 mis. N. by E. of Platte City. Camels Humps, a pk. of the Green Mts., in Vt., 16 mis. W. of MoDtpelier. It is 4,038 ft. above the sea level. Camera, p. o. in New Hanover co., N. C. Cameron, parish in La., forming the south- west corner. Area, 1,580. Pop., 1,591. The surface is low and generally swampy. On the W. the parish is bounded l)y the Sabine Lake and R.; Calcasieu Lake and R. occupy the middle portion, and Grand Lake, witli Mer- mantou R., the eastern. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 14,451 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,518 bush.; cotton, 096 bales. Cash value of farms, $68,055. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $253,077. Cameron, p. o. in above parish. Cameron, co. in Pa., K. part. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 4,273. The surface is hilly and elevated, and mostly covered by dai'k forests. The CO. is traversed from N. SV. to S. E. by the Sinnemalioning Cr., a tributary of the West Biancli of the Susqueliauna. ThisCr. receives two brandies, tlie Driftwood and the East Branch from tlie N., and Bennetts Run from the W. The Philadelpliia & Erie R. R. follows the Sinnemahoning Valley. Empo- rium is the CO. .'^eat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,658 bush.; rye, 4,906 bush.; oats, 17,152 bush.; Indian-corn, 21,795 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,535 bush.; butter, 49,210 lbs.; hay, 2,1.53 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,332,188. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1302,418. Value of manufactures, $896,810. Cameron, co. in Tex.; forms the southern extremity. Area about 3,000 sq. mis. Pop., 10,999; in "1860, 0,028. it borders in the S. on the Rio tirande and in the E. on the La.guua Madre, wliich is separated from the ocean by the southern iiart of Isla del Padre, belonging to the CO. It consists of extensive prairies and has a level surface. The soU is produc- tive. Brownsville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 38,487 bush.; hay, 500 tons. Cash value of farms, $102,920. Total, estimated, value of aU farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $157,- 770. Value of manufactures, $100,135. Cameron, p. o. in Scriven co., Ga. Cameron, p. v. in Warren co.. 111., on the Chi- cago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 9 mis. S. W. of Galesburg. 'Cameron, p. v. in Clinton co.. Mo., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 67 mis. W. of Brookfleld and 171 mis. W. of Quinc5f, Ill„ and on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. It lias numerous manufactoiles and is sur- rounded J3y a rich farming district. Two newspapers. Cameron, tn, in Steuben co., K. Y. Pop., 1.334. Cameron, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Erie li. 11., 23\^ mis. W. of Corning, and on tlie Canisteo R. Cameron, p. o. in Monroe co., Ohio. Cameron, tn. in Northumberland co., Pa, Pop.. 603. Cameron, p. v. in Cameron co.. Pa., on the Northern Central R. R., 7 mis. N. of North- umberland. It lies on the Susquehanna K., opposite Lewisburg. *Cameron, p. v. and the co. seat of Milam co., Tex., on the Little R., and 6S mis. N. W. of Brenham. Cameron, tn. in Marshall co., W. Va. Pop., 1,627. Cameron, p. v. in the above tn., on the Balti- more & Ohio R. R., 28 mis. S. E. of Wheel- ing. Cameron Mills, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y., on the Canisteo R. and the Erie R. R., 3 mis. S. E. of Cameron. Camilla, p. v and the co. seat of Mitchell co., Ga., on the Albany Division of the Atlantic 4 mis. S. of North Bridge- water. Caipp Grant, p. o. in Humboldt co., Cal. Caiiip Grove, p. o. in Stark co.. 111. Camp Ilallcck, p. v. in Elko co., Nev., on the IluniboUit B., opposite Halleck a station on the Central Pacirie B. B., 1,284 mis. Vt\ of Omaha and 70 mis. W. of Toano. The settlers raise wheat, corn and vegetables. Canip Hill, p. o. in Tallapoosa Co., Ala. Camp Hill, p. o. in Cumberland CO.. Pa. Camp Huaiapai, p. o. in Yavapai CO., Ariz. Camp Izard, p. o. in Marion co., Pla. Camp Knox, p. o. in Green co., Ky. Camp McUermitt, p. o. in Humboldt co., Nev. Camp Mills, p. o. in Gwinnett co., Ga. Canipo, p. o. in San Diego co., Cal. Campobella, p. o. in Spartanburgh district, s. c. CampoSeco, p. V. in Calaveras co., Cal., 11 mis. W. of San Andreas. Camp Pinkney, v. in Camden co., Ga., on St. Mary'.s B. Camp Point, tn. in Adams co.. 111. Pop., 2,130. *Camp Point, p. v. in the above tn., at the in- tersection of the Chicago, Burlington & Quin- cy B. B. with the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R. , 22 mis. B. by N. of Quincy. It lies in a farming district and has one newspaper. Camp Ridgrc, p. o. in Williamsburgh district, s. C. Camp Ron, p. o. in Crawford co., Ohio. Camp .Spring', p. o. in Lawrence co., Ala. Camp ^prin^, p. o. in Campbell co., Ky. Camp l^tambang'h, p. o. in Sweetwater co., AVyo. Camiip Stockton, p. o. in Pecos co., Tex. Camp Sturgis, tn. in Ellis co., Kans. Pop., 320. Camp Supply, p. o. in Cherokee Nation, Ind. Ter. ♦ Campti, p. V. in Natchitoches parish, La., on the Bed B., and 9 mis. N. of Natchitoches. Camptoii, tn. in Kane co.. 111. Pop., 957. Camptoii, p. o. in the above tn. Canuptoit, p. V. in Delaware co., Iowa, on the Ma(|uokcta B., 19 mis. N. W. of Delhi. Campton, p. v. and the co. seat of Wolfe CO., K\-.. on Stillwater Cr. Pop., 67. Campton, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop , 1,220, Campton, p. V. in the above tn., 6 nivs. N. of Plymouth. Campton Villagre, p. v. in Grafton co., N H., 9 mis. N. of Plymouth. "Camptonville, p. v. in Yuba co., Cal., 35 »xl.=i. N. W . of Mavysville. Camptown, V. in Essex co., N. J., 3'/^ mis. S. W. nf Newark. Camptown, p. V. in Bradford co.. Pa., 5 mis. N. of Wyalusing on the Susquehanna R. and canal. Camp Verde, p. o. in Yavapai co., Ariz. Campville, p. V. in Litchfield co., Conn., on the Naugatnk B. R., '2)4 mis. S. of E. LitcU- fleld. CAMPVILLE. 175 CANEY FORK. Canipville, p. v. in Tioga co., N. Y., on the Susquehanna R. and the Erie E. R., 15 mis. W. of Bin.o'haniton. Camp Watson, p. o. in Grant co., Oreg. Camroden, p. o. in Oneida co., N. Y. Can, p. o. in Huron co., Mich. Cana, p. o. in Butte co., Cal. Cana, p. o. in Jennings co., Ind. Canaan, tn. in Litclitield CO., Conn. Pop., 1,257. Canaan, p. v. in the above tn., on the Housa- tonic R. R., 12 mis. K. of W. Cornwall. It has manufactories. Canaan, p. v. in JeflFerson co., Ind., 10 mis. N. E. of Madison on the Ohio II. Canaan, tn. in Henry co., Iowa. Pop., 784. Canaan, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Poj}., 1,472. Canaan, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. E. of Pishon's Ferry, on the Kennebec R. Canaan, tn. in Gasconade co., Mo. Pop., 1,107. Canaan, p. v. in the above tn ., 27 mis. S. S. W. of Hermann. Canaan, p. o. in Benton co.. Miss. Canaan, tn. in Grafton CO., N. H. Pop., 1,877. Canaan, p. v. in the above t7i., B14 mis. N. E. of E. Canaan on the Northern New Hamp- shire K. K. Canaan, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 1,877. Canaan, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 5 mis. E. of East Chatham. Canaan, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 1,997. Canaan, p. v. in the above tn., 4M mis. S. of Pike Station on the Atlantic & Great VYest- ern R. R. Canaan, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,543. Canaan, tn. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 729. Canaan, tn. in Morrow co., Ohio. Pop. 1,189. Canaan, tn. in Wayne co.. Pa. Pop., 680. Canaan, p. o. in the above tn. Canaan, tn. in Essex co., Vt. Pop., 149. Canaan, p. v. in the above tn. on the Connec- ticut R. Canaan Centre, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., 2 mis. S. "W. of Canaan Four Corners. Canaan Fonr Corners, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., on the Boston & Albany R. R., lOK mis. N. E. of Chatham. Canaan Valley, p. o. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Canaanvllle, p. v. in Athens co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., (ij^ mis. E. of Athens. Canada, tn. in Labette co., Kans. Pop., 480. Canada Road, p. o. in Somerset co.. Me. Canadensis, p. v. in IMonroe co.. Pa., 5% mis. N. of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. Canadian, tn. in Mississippi co., Ark. Pop., 830. Canadian Bar, v. in Trinity co., Cal. Canadice, tn. in Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 905. Canadice, p. o. in the above tn. Canadian River, one of the principal tribu- taries of the Arkansas ; rises among the south- ern spurs of tlie Raton Mts., a branch of the Rocky Mts. of New Mexico ; flows due S. to 35° 30' N.lat., then turns to the E., intersecting northern Tex. and the Ind. Ter., and emp- ties into the Arkansas R. a few mis. below Webber's Falls. During the hot summer m.onths it is shallow, but fills up considerably during the winter. Its tributaries are the Rib Rayada, the Ocate R., the Moro R. and the Rio Conchos, which rise in the chain of the Rocky Mts., E. of Santa Fe, and the Mustang R.. the Cimarron R., and the Black Bear R., which enter the Canadian from the N. The Cimarron, the largest of these affluents, rises near the southern boundary of Colorado and has ail easterly course. Caiiajoliarie, tn. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Pop., 4,256. Canajoharie, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mohawk R., the Erie Canal and opposite Pala- tine Bridge, a station on the N. Y. Central R. R. It has manufactories, and is surrounded by a rich farming and dairying district. Pop., 1,820. One newspaper. Canal, p. o. in Warrick co., Ind. Canal, tn. in Venango co., Pa. Pop., 1,205. Canal, p. o. in the above tn. *Canai Dover, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, on the right bank of the Tuscarawas R., the Ohio & Erie Canal, and the Tuscarawas Branch of the Pittsburgh & Cleveland R. R. It is a thriving place, from which large quantities of wheat and flour are shipped. It owes its pros- perity to its excellent connections by R. B., and canal. Pop., 1,593. One newspaper. *Canal Fulton, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio, on the Ohio & Erie Canal, and 3 mis. S. E. of Clin- ton on the Cleveland, Mt. Vernon & Delaware R. R. It is surrounded by a fertile farming district. Pop., 1.048. One newspaper. Canal liewisville, p. o. in Coshocton co., Ohio, on the Ohio & Erie Canal, 3 mis. N. E. of Coshocton. * Canal Winchester, p. v. in Franklin co., Ohio, on the Ohio & Erie Canal and the Colum- bus & Hocking Valley R. R., loj^ mis. S. E. of Columbus. It is a flourishing place. Pop., 633. One newspaper. Canandaigna, p. v. in Lenawee co., Mich,, 4 mis. S. of Dover on the Lake Shore & South- ern Michigan R. R. Canandaigna, tn. In Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 7,274. ^Canandaig^na. p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, near the N. end of Canandaigna L., and at the intersection of several brandies of the New Y'ork Central R. R., 223^ mis. W. of Geneva, 291^ mis. S. E. of Rochester. It is a handsome place and has highly picturesque surroundings. Its trade is extensive and the district rich. Pop., 4,802. Two newspapers. Canandaigna liake, in Y'ates and Ontario COS., N. Y., a beautiful sheet of water, about 15 mis. long and in the mean over one mile wide. Mtid Creek, its outlet, joins the Clyde R., a tributary of tlie Seneca R. Canarsie, p. o. in Kings co., N. Y., 5 mis. S. E. of Brooklyn. Canaserag'a, p. v. in Allegany co., N. Y., on the Erie R. R., 12i^ mis. N. W. of Hornellsville and 79 tuIs. S. E. of Buffalo. Pop., 800. One newspaper. Canastota, p. v. in Madison co.,N.Y., on theN. Y.Central K. R., ol^ mis. W. of Oneida. It is the terminus of the Canastota & CazenoviaR. R., and has one newspaper. Pop., 1,492. Canaveral Cape, on the E. coast of Florida, in 2S° 27' N. lat. Canaivang:ns, p. o. in Livingston CO., N. Y. Canby, p. o. in Clackamas co., Oreg. Candia, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 1,4.5(;. Candia, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ports- mouth & Concord R. R., 29 mis. W. of Ports- mouth. Candia Village, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. 11., 1 mle. N. of Candia. Candor, tn. in Tioga Co., N. Y. Pop., 4,250. Candor, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cayuga division of Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of Oswego, and 19 mis. from Ithaca. It has several manufactories and one newspaper. Candor, p. o. in Washington co., Pa. Caneadea, tn. in Allegany CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,869. Caneadea, p. v. in the above tn., on the Gene- see R. and the Genesee Valley Canal, 15 mis. N. W. of Belmont. Cane Creek, p. o. in Calhoun co , Ala. Cane CreeU, p. o. in Conway CO., Ark. Cane CreeU, p. o. in Walker CO., Ga. Cane Creek, v. in Gallatin co.. 111., 17 mis. N, N. W. of Shawneetown. Cane Creek, tn. in Butler CO., Mo. Pop., 323. Cane Creek, p. v. in the above tn., '.:■ luls. N, W. of Poplar Blufl", the co. seat. Cane Creek, p. o. in Chatham co., N. C. Caney Fork, tn. in Pike co.. Ark. Pop., 199. CANE HILL. 176 CANTON. Cane Hill, tn. in Washington co., Ark. Pop., l,till. Cane Hill, p. o. in Cedar CO., Mo. Cane Rid^ie, p. o. in Claiborne parisli, La. Cane Spring' Depot, p. o. in Bullitt CO., Ky. Caneepot, p. v. in the above tn., near the Portland, Saco & Portsmouth R. R., and on Portland B. Cape Fear, the southern extremity of Smith's island, in Brunswick co., N. C, E. of the month of Cape Fear R,; lies in 33° 49' .59" N. lat., and 76° 57' 58" W. long. Cape Fear River, in N. C, is formed by the confluence of the Haw and Deep Rs., which vnite at Haywood in Chatham co. It has a south-easterly course, intersects Cumberland and Bladen cos., then forms the boundary be- tween Brunswick and New Hanover cos., and empties into the Atlantic Ocean NV. of Smith's Island. Cape Flattery, in Wash. Ter., at the entrance of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, in 48° 23' 41" N. lat., and 124° 43' 40" W. long. It is the most western point of the United States. Cape Florida, in southern Florida ; lies in 25° 39' 48" N. lat., and 80° 9' 56" W. long., on an island E. of Biscayne B. Cape Girardeau, co. in Mo., E.part; borders on the Mississippi, which separates it from 111. Area, 880 sq. mis. Pop., 17,558; in 1860, 15,545. The surface is nearly level, and the soil very productive. Apple Cr. flows through the northern part ; the Whitewater R. through the south-western. .lackson is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 260,445 bush.; rye. 419 bush.; Indian-corn, 5.38,437 bush.; oats, 136,601 bush.; Irish pot's, 41,086 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,338 bush.; tobacco, 55,045 lbs.; butter, 145,680 lbs.; hay, 3,292 tons. Cash value of farms, $.3,525,398. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,343,984. Value of m.anufactures, $907,328. Cape Girardean, tn. in Cape Girardeau co., Mo. Pop., 5,2.36. *Cape Girardean, city in the above tn., on the Mississippi R., 43 mis. below Cairo ; is the seat of St. Vincent's College, and lies in a populous and fertile agricultural district, and has flouring mills, plow factories, machine .shops and saw mills. Pop., 3,585. Two news- papers. Cape Grove, tn. in Ray co., Mo. Pop , 2,660. Cape Henlopen, in Sussex co., Del.; lies S. of the entrance of Delaware B., in 38° 47' N- lat., and 75° 5' 30" W. long. Cape Henry, in Princess Anne co., Va., attho entrance of Chesapeake B., 12 mis. S. W. of Cape Charles, in 36° 56' N. lat., and 76° 4'W. lonjr. Cape Liisburn, on the W. coast of Alaska, in 60° 6' N. lat. and 166° 23' W. long. Capell, p. o. in Napa co., Cal. Capell'9 Mills, p. o. in Richmond co., N. C. Cape May, co. in N. J. Pop., 8,349; in 1860, 7,130. It includes the southern extremity of the state between the. Atlantic Ocean and Delaware B. Area, 265 sq. mis. Tuckahoe Cr. forms part of the northern boundary. The surface is low and sandy ; the soil fertile. The eastern coast is indented by a series of lagoon bays of considerable extent, as Lud- lam's B., Townsend's Sound, Leaming's Sound, Jenkin's Sound and Grassy Sound. Exten- sive tracts in the E. and N. are covered with marshes. The Capo May & Millville R. R. in- tersects the CO. from N. to S. Cape May Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 19,064 bush.; rye, 171 bush.; oats, 6,643 bush.; Indian-corn, 86,218 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,360 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,193 bush.; butter, 68,319 lbs.; hay, 7,954 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,683,430. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$318,609. Value of manufactures, $218,640. Cape May, in Cape May co., N. J., is the south- ern extremity of the state, and lies N. of the entrance of Delaware B. in 38° 55' 57" N. lat. and 74° 57' 39" W. long CAPE MAY. 178 CARDVILLE. Cape May, or Cape Island City, city in Cape May CO., N. J.; the S. terminus of the Cape May & Millville R. R., 81 1^ nils, from Philadel- phia. It derives its name from Cape May, the most southern point of N. J., at the entrance of Delaware B., and is a famous watering; place. The beach is over 5 mis. long, firm and hard. The hotels, cottages, etc., are on a small piece of land called Cape Island. Some of the hotels, as Congress Hall, Stockton House, Columl)ia, West Jersey, United States, Atlantic, Delaware, Washington, American, Tremont, etc., are very large and elegant struc- tures, supplied with' every luxury. During the bathing season a steamer arrives every evening from N. Y. Two newspapers. Cape May Court Honsc, p. v. and the co. seat of Cape May co., N. J., on the Cape May & Millville R. R., 70 mis. S. hy K. of Philadel- phia. Pop., 1,248. Cape Men4s. Carroll, tn. in Ottawa co., Ohio. Pop., 1,036. Carroll, p. v. in Fairfield co., Ohio, on tlie Ohio & Krie Canal and the Columbus & Hock- ing Valley R. K., 9 mis. N. W. of Lancaster. Pop., 187. Carroll, tn. in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 1,780. Carroll, p. v. in Clinton co.. Pa., 15 mis. K. of Lock Haven. Carroll, tn. in Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 1,425. Carroll, tn. in Washington co.. Pa. Pop., 3,178. Carroll, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 898. Carroll, p. o. in Madison co., Tenn. Carroll, tn. in Lincoln co., W. Va. Pop., 1,123. *Carroll City, p. v. in Carroll co., Iowa, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 26 mis. VV. of New Jelforson, and92 mis. from Council Bluffs. Pop., 384. One newspaper. Carroll River, tributary of the Merrimack R., in Middlesex co., Mass. Carrollsville, p. o. in Olmstead CO., Minn. Carrollton, p. v. and the co. seat of Pickens CO., Ala., on Lubbub Cr. and 58 mis. W. of Tuscaloosa; lies in a fertile and populous agricultural district, producing cotton. One newspaper. Carrollton, tn. in Boone co.. Ark. Pop., 577. Carrollton, p. v. and the co. seat of Carroll CO., Ark., on Long Cr., a tributary of White R. Pop., 113. Carrollton, p. v. and the co. seat of Carroll CO., Ga., on the Little Tallapoosa R., 42 mis. W . of Atlanta. It is a flourisuiing agricultural place. One newspaper. Carrollton, tn. in Oreene co.. 111. Pop., 2,760. *Carrollton, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Kaskaskia R., 10 mis. S. of Whitehall by the Jackson Division of the Chicago & Alton R. R. It has an active com- merce, especially in lumber, and rich coal mines are in the vicinitv. Two newspapers. Carrollton, tn. in Carroll co., Ind. Pop., 1,046. Carrollton, v. in the above tn., 18 mis. from Delphi. Carrollton, p. o. in Hancock co., Ind. Carrollton, p. v. in Carroll co., Iowa, on the Middle Coon R., 10 mis. S. E. of Carroll City. Carrollton, tn. in Carroll co., Ky. Pop., 2,246. *Carrollton, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Ohio R., above the mouth of the Kentucky R., and 46 mis. N. N. W. of Frankfort. It has several mills and manu- facturing establishments. Pop., 1,098. One newspaper. Carrollton, p. v. and the co. seat of Jefferson parish. La., on the Mississippi R., 7 mis. above New Orleans, witli which it is connected by a railroad. It is noted for its pleasant gardens. One newspaper. Carrollton, p. v. in Carroll co., Md., on the Western Maryland R. R., 7 mis. E. of West- minster. Carrollton, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,564. Carrollton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. R., 3 mis. from East Saginaw. Carrollton, tn. in Fillmore co., Minn. Pop., J. 646. *€arrollton, p. v. and the co. seat of Carroll CO., Miss., 12 mis. W. N. "VV. of Winona on the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. R. Pop., 377. One newspaper. *Carrollton, p. v. and the co. seat of Carroll CO., Mo., on VV yaconda Cr., IX i^ls- N. of the Missouri R., and 15 mis. W. of Brunswick. Pop., 802. Two newspapers. Carrollton, tn. in Cattaraugus CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,142. Carrollton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Erie R. R., 6 mis. S. E. of Salamanca. ^Carrollton, p. v. and the co. seat of Carroll CO., Ohio, on the Carrollton & Oneida R. R., 10 mis. S. of Oneida. Pop., 813. Two news- papers. Carrollton, v. in Montgomery co., Oliio, on the Miami R. and Canal, 45 mis. N. of Cincin- nati. Carrollton, p. o. in Upshur co., Tex. Carrollton Station, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ohio. Carrolltown, p. v. in Cambria co., Pa., 10 mis. N. of Ebensljurg. Carr's, p. o. in Lewis co., Ky. Carr's Creek, p. o. in Delaware CO., N. Y. Carrsville, p. v. in Livingston co., Ky., on the Ohio R., 6 mis. below Elizabethtown, llj. Carrsville, p. o. in Henry co.. Mo. Carrsville, p. v. in Isle of Wight co., Va., on the Seaboard & Roanoke R. R., 14 mis. W. of Suffolk. Carrville, p. o. in Madison co.. La. Carrville, p. o. in Washington co., Tenn. Carryall, tn. in Paulding CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,087. Carryall, p. o. in the above tn. Carson, p. o. in .Jefferson co.. Ark. Carson, p. v. in Brown CO., Kans., 6 mis. W. of Hiawatha, the co. seat. Carson, p o. in Huron CO., Ohio. Carson City, p. v. in Montcalm co., Mich., 15 mis. from Pewamo. *Carson City, the capital of Nevada, and the CO. seat of Ormsby co., near the eastern base of the Sierra Nevada, and 3 mis. W. of the Carson R. It lies 27 mis. S. of Reno on tne Pacific R. R. In the vicinity are rich silver mines. Pop., 3,042. One newspaper. Carson l.alie, tn. in Mississippi co., Ark. Pop., 74. Carson's £.anding:, p. v. in Bolivar co.. Miss., 25 mis. from Beulah. Carson River rises among the eastern foot- hills of the Sierra Nevada, in Alpine co., Cal.; flows N. through Douglas and Ormsby cos., Nev., and then turns to the E. through Lyon and Churchill cos. It empties into Carson Lake, which discharges its surplus waters into the Humboldt and Carson Sink, through the Carson Slough. Carson Sink mountains, a range in Church- ill CO., Nev., bounding the Carson Desert, in which the Humboldt and Carson Sink is sit- uated, on the E. They contain numerous silver mines. Carter, co. in Kj'., N. E. part. Area about 525 sq. mis. Pop. , 7,.509 ; in 1860, 8,516. The surface is broken and hilly, and averages more than 1,000 feet in elevation above the sea level. The Little Sandy R. and Taggart's Cr. flow through the co. from S. W. to N. E. Their val- leys are deep, and include some very fertile alluvial flats. The uplands are too rough for farming. Coal and building stone are abund- ant. Grayson is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 13,214 bush.; rye, 1,378 bush.; Indian-corn, 282,691 bush.; oats, 41,507 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,184 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,217 bush.; butter, 107,521) lbs.; hay, 1,270 tons. Cash value of farms, $587,800. "Total, estimated, value of all I'arm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., .$370,524. Value of manu- factures, $149,375. Carter, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Area about .500 sii. mis. Pop., 1,455; in 1860, 1,235. The surface is hilly and covered with pine forests. The soil is fertile, particularly in the valleys. Current R., a tributary of the Big Black, flows through the co. from N. to S. Van Buren ia tlie CO seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, CARTER. 183 CARVERTON. 4,99-2 bush.; rye, 571 bush.: Indian-corn, 73,259 busli.; oats, 7,311 busb., Irish pot's, 1,398 bush.; sweet pot's, 862 bush.; tobacco, 'iSi-^.W lbs.; but- ter, 11,351 lbs.; hay, 27 tons. Cash value of farms, $153,086. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includini^ additions to stock, etc., $68,625. Value ot manufactures, $8,513. Carter, co. in Tenn., N. E. pai't, bordering on Jf. C. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 7,909 ; in 18(50, 7il24. This co. is mountainous and belongs to the highest portion of the state. The Iron Mt., a part of the great Unaka Kange, forms the S. E. boundary, and occupies, with its spurs, a large section of its area. The Holy- ton Mt. forms the N. W. boundary, and other ridges cross from N. E. to S. W. The Watauga R. flo',vs through it from E. to AV., and re- ceives several affluents, as the Big Doe C'r. , with Little Doe Cr., Roanes Cr. and Stoney Cr. The mountains are covered with stately forests, and contain rich iron mines. The valleys have a fertile soil and are successfully cultivated. Elizabethtown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 37,669 bush.; rye, 4,094 bush.; Indian-corn, 132,097 bush.; oats, 63,396 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,882 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,781 bush.; butter, 2,227 lbs.; hay, 2,155 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,022,276. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $275,355. Value of manufactures, *161,613. Carter, tn. in Ashley co.. Ark. Pop., 960. Carter, tn. in Spencer co., Ind. Pop., 1,420. Carter, tn. in Carter co.. Mo. Pop., 760. Carter Camp, v. in Potter co.. Pa., 23 mis. S. E. of Coudersport. Carteret, co. in N. C, S. E. part. Area about 425 sq. mis. Pop., 9,010 ; in 1800, 8,186. It bord- ers on the Atlantic Ocean. A range of long and narrow islanils, one of whicli is Cape Lookout, extends along the coast and cuts off from the sea Boge Sound and Core Sound, which joins Pamlico Sound. White Oak R. forms the W. boundary. Newport R. inter- sects the CO. Forests of pitch-pine and cedar swamps occupy a large portion of its area. The Atlantic & North Carolina R. R. inter- sects the CO. and terminates at Beaufort, the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,637 bush.; rye, 117 bush.; Indian-corn, 32,260 bush.; oats, 165 bush.; Irish pot's, 60 bush.; sweet pot's, 58,715 bnsli.; cotton, 774 bales. Cash value of farms, $179,290. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $151,038. Value of manu- factures. $143,91.5. Carter If ill, p. o. in Erie CO., Pa. Carter's Bridg^e, p. o. in All)emarle co., Va. Cartersburgli, \}. v. in Hendricks Co., Ind., on the Teri-e Haute & Indianapolis R. R., 16% mis. W. by S. of Indianapolis. Cartersburgli, p. o. in Pittsjdvania co., Va. Carter's Creek Station, p. v. in Maury co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Decatur R. R. Pop., 25. Carter's Depot, p. v. in Carter co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee & Virginia R. R., 12 mis. E. of Jonesboro. Carter's Furnace, p. o. in Carter co., Tenn. Carter's IVIills, p. o. in Moore co., N. C. Carter's Mills, p. o. in Patrick co., Va. Carter's Store, p. o. in Randolph co., Ala. *Cartersville,p. v. and co. seat of Bartow co., Ga., 2 mis. N. of the Etowah R. and on the Western & Atlantic R. R., 23 mis. N. W. of Marietta. Pop., 2,232. One newspaper. Cartersville, p. o. in Tishomingo co.. Miss. <'artersville, p. o. in Darlington co., S. C. i^artersville, p. o. in Parker co., Tex. Cartersville, p. v. in Cumberland co., Va., on James it., 8 mis. S. E. of Columbia. Carterville, p. o. in Williamsoii co.. 111. Cartilage, p. v. in Hale CO., Ala., on Black Warrior R. Cartilage, tn. In Hancock co.. 111. Pop., 2,448. *Carthage, p. v. in the above tn. ancf the co. seat, at the intersection of the Keokuk Branch of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R. with the Carthage Division of the Chicago, Bur- lington & Qunjcy R. R., 13 mis. E. of Keokuk. Pop., 1,448. It is surrounded by an agricultu- ral district, is the seat of Carthage College and has two newspapers. Carthage, p v. in Rush co., Ind., on Blue R. and 4 mis. S. of Knlghtstown. Pop., 461. Carthage, p. v. in Campbell co., Ky., on the Ohio R., 231^ mis. above Cincinnati. Carthage, tn. in Franklin co.. Me. Pop., 480. Carthage, p. v. and co. seat of Leake co.. Miss., on Pearl R., and 27 mis. E. of Canton, and 40 mis. N. E. of Jackson. Pop., 480. One news- paper. *Carthage, p. v. and co. seat of Jasper co.. Mo , on Spring R and 22 mis. N. of Neosho. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural district, and is a thriving place, having various manu- factories and considerable commerce. Pop. about 300. Three newspapers. *Carthage, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., on the Black R., and ISJ^mls. E. of Watertown, has saw-mills, tanneries, flouring mills, a rolling mill , nail factory and other industrial estab- lishments. It is the terminus of the Utica & JMack River R. R., and 75 mis. N. W. of Utica. One newspapei". Carthage, v. in Monroe co., N Y.,at the lower falls of the GenesseR., 2 mis. N. of Rochester. Carthage, p. v. and co. seat of Moore co., N. C, 3ii mis. N. W. of Fayetteville. Carthage, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., 10 mis. from Cincinnati. Carthage, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,272. Carthage, p. v. and co. seat of Smith co., Tenn., on the Cumberland R., opposite the mouth of Caney Fork, and 51 mis. E. of Nash- ville. Pop., 477. Carthage, p. v. and co. seat of Panola co., Tex., 3 mis. W. of the Sabine R. Carthage I.>antliiig, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Hudson River R. R., 3V^ mis. N. of Fishkill Landing. Carthagena, p. v. in Mercer co., Ohio, 10 mis. from Celina. Cartwright, tn. in Sangamon co., 111. Pop., 1,851, Cartwright, p. o. in Lane co., Oreg. Cartithersville, p. o. in Pemiscot co.. Mo. Carver, co. in Minn., 8. E. part. Area, 350 sq. mis. Pop., 11,.586 ; in 1860, 5,106. It is bounded on the S. E. by the Minnesota R. The South Fork of the Green R. intesects the N. W. cor- ner. Numerous lakes are distributed over the CO., the largest of which is Waconia Lake. The surface is undulating, and consists of forests and prairies, in nearly equal propor- tion. The soil is productive. Chaska is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 298,852 bush.; rve, 4,031 bush.; Indian-corn, 122,140 bush.; oats, 140,375 bush.; Irish pot's, 54,207 bush.; butter, 211,497 lbs.; hay, 19,604 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,637, .526. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $867,331. Value of manufactures, $285,860. Carver, tn. in Plymouth CO., Mass. Pop., 1,092. Carver, p. o. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. of West Wareham. Carver, tn. in Carver co., Minn. Pop., 521. *Carver, p. v. in the above tn., on Hastings & Dakota Div. of Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 7 mis. W. of Shakopee, at junction of above R. R. with St. Paul & Sioux City R. R. Carver's Harbor, p. v. in ICnox co.. Me., on Penobscot B., 12 mis. from Rockland. Carversville, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 9 mis. N. E. of Doylestown. Carverton, p. o. in Luzerne CO., Pa., on the Susquehanna R. GARY. 184 CASS. Cary, p. o. in Wake co., N. C. Cary Station, p. v. in McHenry co., 111., on the Wisconsin Division of the Chicago & North- western 11. R., 38 mis. from Chicago. Carysville, p. o. in Champaign co. , Oliio, 8 mis. from Quincy. Caryville, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the Boston, Hartford & Krie R. R., 3% mis. N*. E. of liellingham. Caryville, p. o. in Campbell co., Tenn. Casa, p. o. in Perry co.. Ark. Casady's Corner, p. v. in Boone co., Iowa, 10 mis. from Booneville. anova, p. o. in Fauquier CO., Va. <;ascade, tn. in Dubuciue co., Iowa. Pop., 1,289. ^Cascade, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Farley. Cascade, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,157. Cascade, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Ada. Cascade, tn. in Olmstead co., Minn. Pop., 812. Cascade, p. o. in the above tn. Cascade, v. in Cayuga co.. N. V., on the Auburn & Oswego R. R., 11 nils. S. of Oswego. Cascade, tn. in Lycoming co., P.a. Pop., 595. Cascade, p. v. in "Pittsylvania co., Va., 13 mis. from Danville. Cascade, p v. in Sheboygan co., Wis., 13 mis. I'rom Plymouth. Cascades, p. v. and the co. seat of Skamania CO., Wash. Ter., on the Columbia R., 40 mis. E. of Vancouver. Cascade Valley, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y., on the Eric R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Deposit. Casco, tn. in Cumberland co., Me. Pop., 998. Casco, p. V. in the above tn., on Sebago Lake, 2(j mis. N. W. of Portland. Casco, tn. in Allegan co., Mlcli. Pop., 1,264. Casco, tu. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 1,991. « Casco, p. o. in the above tn. Casco, p o. in Franklin co.. Mo. Casco, tn. in Kewaunee co., Wis. Pop., 794. Casco, p. o, in the above tn. Case, p. o. in Laclede co., Mo. Casenovia, tn. in Muskegon co., Mich. Pop., 1,094. Caseville, tn. in Huron co. Mich. Pop., 382. Caseville, p. v. in the above tn., on Saginaw B., 17% mis. from Port Austin. Casey, co. in Ky., central part. Area about 3,50 sq. nils. Pop., 8,«34 ; in 1800, 6,466. The sur- face is hilly and much broken by deep valleys. The largest stream is tlie Green R., which flows througli the co. from N. E. to S. W. The North Fork of the Salt R. rises in the northern part. Libertv is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 16,773 bush.; rye, 8,748 bush.; Indian-corn, 356,850 bush.; oats, 42,747 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,794 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,121 bush.; butter, 116,841 lbs.; hay, 975. tons. Cash value of farms, .'Jil,197,905. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $554,075. Value of manufactures, $65,390. Casey, p. v. in Clark co.. 111., on the St. Louis, Vandalia & Terre Haute R. R., 12 mis. E. of of Greenup, and 36 nils, from Terre Haute. One newspaper. ♦Casey, p. v. in Guthrie co., Iowa, on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Paeiflc R. R.,51 inls. from Des Moines. Oiie ncwsiiaper. Casey Creek, p. o. in Adair CO., Ky. Casey ville, p. v. in St. Clair co.. 111., 12 nils, by railroad 10. of East St. Ijouis. ♦Casey ville, p. v. in Union co., Ky., on the Ohio R., 13 nils, below Shawneetown, 111. Pop., 540. Casey ville, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Miss. Cache, co. in Utah; forms the N. E. extremity. Area. 2,236 sq. mis. Pop., 8,229 : in 1860, 2.605. It is bounded on the VV. by the Walisatch Mts.; drained by the Bear 11., which traverses tlie eastern i)art from S. to N., and after passing through Idaho, intersects the N. W. corner. Bear Lake is situated near the N. boundary. The surface is elevated and mountainous. Logan is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 18,577 bush.; rye, 53 bush.; Indian- corn, 3,074 bush.; oats, 7,583 bush.; Irish pot's, 21,837 bush.; butter, 18,950 lbs.; hay, 2,443 tons. Cash value of farms, $76,230. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $76,706. Value c/f manu- factures, $75,232. Caslier's Valley, p. o. in Jackson co., N. C. Casb River, small tributary of the Ohio K., in S. 111.; rises in Union co., and forms the bound- ary between Alexander and Pulaski cos. Cashtown, p. v. in Adams co.. Pa., 8 mis W. N. W. of Gettj'sburg. Caskaid, p. o. in Putnam co., Ohio. Casky's Station, p. v. in Christian co., Ky., on the Evansville. Henderson & Nashville R. R., 5 mis. from Hopkins ville. Pop. aoout 100. ■ ■ Casnovla, p. v. in Kent co., Mich., 12 mis. from Cedar Springs. Cason, p. o. in Boone co., Ind. Casper, tu. in Union co.. 111. Pop., 2,718 Cass, CO. in 111., central part. Area about 360 sq. mis. Pop., 11,580; in 1830, 11,325. It is bounded on the W. by the Illinois R., and on the N. by the Sangamon R., and drained by tlieir affluents. The surface consists for the most part of level or slightly undulating prai- ries, which have a very fertile soil. The Peo- ria, Pekin & Jacksonville R. R. intersects the CO. from S. to N. Beardstown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 139,219 bush.; rye, 2,772 bush.; oats, 168,784 bush.; Indiau- corn, 1,146,980 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,551 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,233 bush.; butter, 80,690 lbs.: hay, 4,136 tons. Cash value of farms, . 14,591,535. To- tal, estimated, value of all tarin ])roductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,071,951. Value of manufactures, $293,252. Cass, CO. in Ind., N. central part. Area, 420 sq. mis. Pop., 24,191 ; in 1860, 16,843. The surface is rolling or level. The northern part con- sists of prairies ; the southern is covered with fine forests of deciduous trees. The co. is drainetl by the Wabash R., which flows through it from E. to W. and receives several small Crs. Several railroads cross this co., intersecting each other at Logansport. The Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R. runs through it from E. to W.; the Toledo, Wabash & West- ern R. R. from N. E. to S. W.; the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R. from S. E. to N. W., and a branch of the latter road froiM K. S. E. to N. N. W.: the Wabash & Erie Canal also passes through the co. Logansport is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVhoat, 401,163 bush.; rye, 8,204 bush.; Indian-corn, 312,- 434 bush.; oats, 90,835 bush.; Irish pot's, 55,077 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,241 bush.; butter, 310,.588 lbs.; hay, 10,516 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,077,945. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,328,609. Value of manufactures, $2,599,- 989. , Cass, CO. in Iowa, S. W. part. Area, 576 sq.mls. Pop., 5,464; in 1860, 1,612. The surface is rolling and more than 1,000 feet above the sea level, consisting mostly of prairies. The co. is drained by the Nishnabatona R. and Seven Mile Cr., both tributaries of the Missouri R. Lewis is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat 54,,529 bush.; rye, 150 bush.; In- dian-corn, 535,500 bush.-, oats, 23,144 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,867 bush.; wool, 550 lbs.; butter, 56,185 lbs.; hay, 7,061 tons. Cash value of farms $820,231. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including adtlitions to stock, etc., $261,739. Value of manufactures, $97,756. Cass, CO. in Mich., S. W. part, bordering on Ind. Area, 504 sq.mls. Pop., 21,049; in J860, 17,721. The surface is level, and consists chiefly of prairies and oak oiJcniugs. The co. CASS. 185 CASSVILLE. Is drained by the Christiana and Dowagiac Rs., which are tributaries of the St. Joseph's R. The latter intersects the S. E. corner of the CO. The Michigan Central R. R. passes through the X. W. part. Cassopolis is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 630,271 bush.; rye, 4,263 bush.; Indian-corn, 670,013 bush.; oats, 175,665 bush.; Irish pot's, 302,058 bush.; wool, 143,013 lbs.; butter, 443,182 lbs.; hay, 33,07a tons. Cash value of farms, $12,220,- 821. Total, estimated, valueof all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2.'?03,22". Value of manufactures, $816,914. Caiss, CO, IH Minn., N. central part. Area about 5,000 sq. mis. Pop., 3*^0 ; in 1860, 150. This co. Is washed on the N. W., N. E. and S. E. by the Mississippi R. Itasca Lake, from which the great river emerges, lies near the W. border ; and at the N". border are several large sheets of water formed by the Mississippi, as Peniidji Lake, Lake Cass, and Winibigoshis-h Lake. Leech Lake, the largest in the co., lies in the N. part, and is drained by the Leech R., a tributary of the Mississippi. In the central and S. parts there are se%'cral clusters of small lakes, numljering probablj' several hundred. The Crow Wing R. rises in the W. part of the CO., and forms its S. W. boundary. Other streams draining it are Pine R. and Willow R. The CO. has a rolling surface, nearly 1,000 feet in height above the sea level. Fores'ts, mostly pine, are abundant; lumbering is the princi- pal occupation. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 330 bush.; oats, 1,200 bush.; Irish pot's, 900 bush. Cash value of farms, $^50. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., |1,770. Cass, CO. in Mo., W. part. Ai-ea about 750 sq. mis. Pop., 19,296; in 1860, 9,794. It borders on Kans., and is intersected Ijy Grand R., which flows troin the N. W. to the S. E., and receives numerous small affluents within it. The sur- face consists chiefly of rolling prairies, alter- nating with small" tracts of woodland. The soil is productive. Harrisonville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 20.5,789 bush.; rye, 3,427 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,711,9.52 bush.; oats, 2(52,472 bush.; Irish pot's, 82,859 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,274 bush.; tobacco, 19,281 lbs.; butter, 252,,508 lbs.; hay, 12,100 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,883,937. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,629,529. Value of manu- factures, $410,077. Cass, CO. in Neb., E. part, bordering on Iowa. Area about 540 sq. mis. Pop., 8,151 ; in 1860, 3,369. The surface of the co. is mostly undu- lating ; the eastern part, comprising the very fertile bottom-lands of the Missouri R., which forms the eastern boundary, is level. A line of blufi's separates the river bottoms from the higher and less productive uplands. The latter consists mainly of prairies. The Platte R. forms the N. boundary, and joins the Mis- Bouri at the N. E. extremity of the co. Platts- moutli is the co. seat, Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 22.1,670 bush.; rye, 230 bush.; In- dian-corn, 674,.5.58 bush.; oats, 137,986 bush.; Irish pot's, 78,107 bush.; sweet pot's, 325 bvish.; butter, 171,262 lbs.; hay, 11,971 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,886,152. Total, estimated, vahie of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,408,405. Value of manufactures, $233,356. Cass, CO. in Tex., N. E. part ; borders on Ark. and La. Area, 1,230 sq. nils. Pop., 8,875 ; in 1860, 8,411. The northern boundary is formed by the Sulphur Fork of the Red R. ; the southern by the Big Cypress R. and Soda Lake, which receives Ulack R. and other aflluents. The surface is low and gently undulating. The soil is fertile, and consists of a deep red loam. The bottom-lands of the streams are Bwampy and subject to inundation. lion ore of good quality occurs. Linden is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 292 bush.; rye, 69 bush.; Indian-corn, 256,505 bush.; oats, 462bui5h.; Irish pot's, 4,984 bush.; sweet pot's, 36,328 bush.; cotton, 5,996 bales; butter, 53,505 lbs. Cash value of farms, $406,566. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,066,633. Cass, tn. in Fulton co.. 111. Pop., 1,283. Cass, p. o. in Du Page co.. 111. Cass, tn. in Clay co., Ind. Pop., 470. Cass, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., 819. Cass, tn. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pop., 460. Cass, tn. in Ohio co., Ind. Pop., 772. Cass, tn. in La Porte co., Ind. Pop., 1,214. Cass, tn. in Sullivan co., Ind. Pop.. 1,488. Cass, tn. in AVhite co., Ind. Pop., 451. Cass, tn. in Boone co., Iowa. Pop., 895. Cass, tn. in Cass co., Iowa. Pop., 1,200. Cass, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., 591. Cass, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,272. Cass, tn.'in Guthrie co., Iowa. Pop., 1,754. Cass, tn. in Hamilton co., Iowa. Pop., 433. Cass, tn. in Harrison co., lov^a. Pop., 217. Cass, tn. in Jones co., Iowa. Pop., 913. Cass, tn. in Shelby co., Iowa. Pop., 120. Cass, tn. in Wapello co., Iowa. Pop., 859. Cass, tn. in Douglas co.. Mo. Pop., 410. Cass, tn. in Greene co.. Mo. Pop., 1,531. Cass, tn. in Stone co., Mo. Pop., 592. Cass, tn. in Texas co., Mo. Pop., 779. Cass, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop.. 759. Cass, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop., 851. Cass, tn. in Richland Co., Ohio. Pop., 1,274. Cass, tn. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Pop.. 599. Cass, tn. ill Schuylkill co.. Pa Pop., 4,621. Cass, p. V. in Venango co., Pa., on Six; Mile Run, and 13 mis. S. E. of Franklin. Cass, tn. in Monongalia co., W. Va Pop.. 1,449. Cassada^a, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on the Dunkirk, AVarren & Pittsburgh R. R., 14 mis. from Dunkirk. Pop., 225. Cassandra, p. o. in Walker co., Ga. Cassandra, p. o. in Avoyelles parish. La. Cass Bridge, ]). o. in Saginaw co., Mich., 3 mis. from Bridgeiiort. Cass Centre, p. o. in Cass co., Iowa. Cass City, p v. in Tuscola co., Mich., 15 mis from Cairo. Cassel, p. o. in Wright co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R. Cassella, p. o. in Lake co., Ind. Cassell Prairie, p. o. in Sauk co., Wis. Casselnian, p. o. in Somerset co.. Pa. *Cassopolis, p. V. and the co. seat of Cass co.,» Mich., on Stone Lake and at the intersection of the Air Line division of the Michigan Cen- tral R. R. with the Peninsular R. R.,20 mis. from Three Rivers and 165 mis. W. of Detroit. Pop., 728. Two newspapers. Cass liake, in Cass co., Minn., about 13 mis. long and 9 nils. wide. The Mississippi R. en- ters it from the W., and emerges from it flow- ing E. Cass Station, p. v. in Bartow co., Ga., on the Western &, Atlantic R R., 85 mis. from Chat- tanooga. Casstown, p. v. in Miami co., Ohio, 4 nils, from Troy. Pop., 241. Cassville, p. o. in Newton co.. Ark. Cassville, p. v. in Howard co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R., 5 mis. N. of Kokomo. Cassville, tn. in Neosho co., Kans. Pop., 1,070. Cassville, p. v. and co. seat of Barry co.. Mo., 30 nils. S. E. of Neosho. Pop., 287. One news- pajjer. Cassville, p. v. in Ocean co., N. J., 14 nils, from Bricksburgh. Cassville, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Utica, Chenango & Susquehanna R. R., 14 mis. S. E. of Utica. It is the western terminus of the branch to Richfield Springs. Cassville, p. o. in Harrison co., Ohio. Cassville, p. o. in White co., Teiin. CASSVILLE. 186 CATAWBA. CassvUle, p. v. in Huntingdon CO., Pa., 16 mis. 8. AV. of Mapletoa Depot on the Pennsylvania Central K. R. Cassville, p. o. in Monongali.a co., VV. Va. CasMVille, tn. in Grant co., Wis. Pop., 1,318. Cassville, p. V. in the above tn., on the Missis- sippi 11., o2 inls. below Praiiie du Chien. Pop., 531. Oastalia, p. v. in Winnesliiek co., Iowa, on the iMilwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 32 mis. N. W. or McGregor. Cnstalia, p. o. in Nasli co., N. C. Castalia, p. v. in Erie CO., Oliio, 5^^ miles by vaihoail S. W. of Sanduslsy. ('astalia Spriiig-s, p. o. in Summer co., Tenn. €astana, jj. v. in Monona co., Iowa, 10 mis. fi-oni (_)iiawa City. Castaiiia Orove, p. o. in Lincoln co., N. C. Castell, p. o. in Lhmo co., Tex. Castile, tn. in Wyoming co , N. Y. fop., 2,180. Castile, p. v. in the above tn., on the Erie R. R., ',t3>gmls.S. E. of Warsaw. Castiiie, tn. in Hancock co., Me. Pop., 1,303. *Castine, p. v. and a port of entry in the above tn., on tlie Penobscot B., 11 liils. S. of Orlaud. Castine, p. v. in Darke co., Oliio, 3 mis. from Manchester. Pop., 177. Castle, p. o. in Randolph Co., Ind. Castle, p. o. ui Andrew co.. Mo. Castleberry, p. o. in Conecuh CO., Ala. Castle Craig', p. o. in Campbell co., Va. Castle Creek, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. Castle Fin, p. o. in York co.. Pa. Castle tiarden, p. o. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Castle Cirove, tn. in .Joiios co., Iowa. Pop., 839. Castle Orove, p. o. in the above tn. Castle Hayne, p. o. in New Hanover co., N. C. Castle Hill. p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me., near the Aroostook R., 11 mis. W. of Presque Isle. Castle Hill Plantation, tn. in Aroostook CO., Me. Pop., ^37. Castleinan's Ferry, p. o. in Clarke co., Va. Castle Peake, one of the most elevated sum- mits of the .Sierra Nevada, in Cal. it is 12,500 feet hi--li. Castle Kock, p. o. in Douglas CO., Colo. Castle Kock, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 703. Castle Rock, p. o. in the above tn., on the North Paciflc R. R. Castle Rock, p. o. in Osage co.. Mo. Castle Rock, p. v. in Cowlitz co., Wash. Ter., 12'4 nils. X. of MontiCL'llo. Castle Rock, p. v. in Grant co., Wis., 12 mis. .S. 10. of Boscobel. Castleton, p. o. in Stark CO., 111. Castletoii, p. V. in Marion co., Ind., on the In- diaiia|V)lis, Peru & Chicago R. R.,11 mis. N. N. E. of Indianapolis. Castleton, p. o. in Reno co., Kans. Castleton, p. o. in Harford CO., Md. Castleton, tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop., 1,738. Castleton, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. i., on the left bank of the Hudson R. and the Hud- son River R. R., 9 mis. S. of Albany. Castleton, tn. in Richmond co., N. Y. Pop., 9,501. Castleton, tn. in Rutland CO., Vt. Pop., 3,243. *Castleton, p. v. in the above tn.,on the Rens- selaer & Saratoga R. R., 11 mis. W. of Rut- land. Castleton, p.. o. in Culpepper co., Va. Castleton Corners, p. o. in Richmond co., X. Y. Castleville, p. o. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Castle wood's, tn. in Russell co., Va. Pop., l,SS,i. Castor, ]). o. in Bollinger co,. Mo. <"astoi", tn. in Madison co., Mo. Pop., 1,000. Ca^itor, tn. in Stoddard co.. Mo. Pop., 2,78,5. Cast«»ria, tn. in San Joaiiuin Co., Cal. Pop., 1,1 St. Castorland, p. o. in Lewis co., N. Y. CastroTille, tn. in Monterey co., Cal. Pop., 1,302. Castroville, p. v. in tlie above tn., 30 mis. S. W. of Gilroy,and near the entrance of Salinas R. into the Bay of Monterey. It is the center of a flourishing farming region and has con- siderable local trade. Pop., 436. Castroville, p. v. in Medina co., Tex., on the Medina R., 25 mis. W. of San Antonio. Pop., 515. Caswell, CO. in N. C, N. part ; borders on Va. Area, 310 sq. mis. Pop., Ki.OSl ; in ISiJO, Pi, 215. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. The CO. is drained by the Hycootee R. and the County Lino Cr., anil Hogans Cr., which emp- ty into the Dan R. The Richmond & Danville Ji. R. intersects the N. W. corner. Yancey- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 80,.597 bush.; rye, 393 bush.; Indian- corn, 237,2.57 bush.; oats, 93,(;4!J bn^h.: Irish pot's, 8,615 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,5W bush.; to- bacco, 2,202,053 lbs.; butter; 6-;,000 lbs.; hay, 33 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,129,700. Total, estimatetl, value of all farm productions, in- cludingadditions to stock, etc., $S49,462. Value of mannfactures, .'3il57,48.S. Caswell, tn. in (Jalhoun co., Ai-k. Pop., 220, Caswell, p. o. in La Fayette CO., Miss. Catalioula, parish in La., E. part. Area, 1,950 sq. mis. Pop., 8,475; in 1830,11,651. The sur- face is mostly level and consists of prairies. Along the Washita R., which traverses the co. and forms part of the E. boundary, tliere ex- tend low ranges of hills. The Tensas R., a tributary of the Washita, forms also part of the eastern boundary ; the Saline Bayou forms the western. In the W. part is Catahoula Lake, ■which is drained by the Washita. Harrison- burgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 76,165 bush.; Ii'ish pot's, 93 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,528 bush.; cotton, 8,872 bales ; butter, 175 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,009,831. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $735,09.5. Catalpa, tn. in Culpepper co., Va. Pop., 3,38.s. Catalpa Grove, p. o. in Greene co., Ky. Cataract, p. v. in Owen co., Ind., 6 mis. from Cloverdale. Cataract, p. o. in Monroe co.. Wis., in the vil- lage of Alton, 10 miles from Sparta. ^Catasauqua, j). bor. in Lehigh CO., Pa., on Lehigh Valley R. R., 3 mis. W. of Allentown. It is the terminus of the Catasauqua & Fogels- villc R. R., and lies on the Leliigh & SuS(iue- hanna Canal. It has extensive iron works, and four newspapers. The bor. has 2,853 in- habitants. Catatonk, p. o. in Tioga co , N. Y., on the Cay- uga <& Susquelianna R. R., 4 mis. N. of Owego. Cataula, p. o. in Harris co., Ga. Catawba, co. in N. C, W. part. Area about 400 sq. nils. Pop., 10,984; in 1.860,10,729. The Catawba R. forms the X. and E. bounil.aries, and receives Ball's Cr. and Mountain Cr. The Little Catawba R. flows tluongli the center of tlioco. from N. to S.,and receives Clark's Cr. The surface is hilly and the soil productive. Newton is the co. scat. Agr. protluctions in 1870: Wheat, 34,746 bush.; rye, 1,917 bush.; In- dian-corn, 142,876 bush.; oats, 41,5.53 bush ; Irish pot's, 4,510 bush.; sweet pot's. 5,177 bush.; but- ter, 2),679 lbs. Cash value of farms, $('07,424. Total, estiinateil, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., iJi3jO,- 257. Value of manufactures, .$90,750. Catawba, p. v. in Pendleton co., Ky., on the Ken lucky Central R. R., 33 mis. S. h. E. of Covington. Catawba, )). o. in Caldwell CO., Mo. Catawba, p. v. in Clark co., Ohio, 15 mis. N. E. of Springfield. Pop., 318. Catawba, tn. in Roanoke co., Va. Pop., S43. Catawba, p. o. in the above tn. CATAWBA ISLAND. 187 GAVIN EOCK. Catawba Island, tn. in Ottawa co., Ohio. Pop., 515. Catawba Island, p. o. in the above tn. Catawba River rises in the Blue Ridge, In Jiurke CO., N. C; flows through Iredell CO., and then enters vS. C, forming the boundary between Lancaster, York and Chester dis- tricts. Below Rocky Mount it is called Wa- teree. Catawba Station, p. v. in Catawba co., N. C, on the Catawba 11. and the Western North Carolina R. R., 36 ruls. \V. of Salisbury. t.'atawba "Vale, p. o. in McDowell co., K. C. C'atawissa, p. v. in Franklin co., jNIo., on the Atlantic & Paciflc R. R., 42 mis. from St. Louis. Pop., li5. <;atawissa, tn. in Columbia co.. Pa. Pop., 1.614. Catawissa, p. v. in the abve tn., on the Svis- quelianna R. and the Catawissa R. R., 47 mis. W. of Tamaqua. Catfish, p. V. in Clarion co., Pa., on the Alle- ghany Valley R. R., 14 mis. S. of Foxburg. Catharine, tn. in Schuyler co., N. Y. Pop., i,(;-29. Catharine, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. E. of Wat kins Catharine, tn. in Blair co.. Pa. Pop., 907. Catharine Iiake, p. o. in Onslow co., N. C. Cathlaiuet, p. v. and co. seat of Wahkiakum CO., Wasli. Ter., on the Colunrbia R., 12 mis. W. of Oak Point. Catlen's Mills, p. o. in De Kalb co., Tenn. Catlett, ]>. V. in Fauquier CO., Va., 45 mis. S. W. of "Washington by the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R. •Catlettsbnrgh, )i. v. in Boyd CO., Ky., at the entrance of the Big Sandy R. into the Ohio R., 165 nils. >f. E. of Frankfort. Lumber, tim- ber and produce fronr the rich valley of the river are shipped at this place. Pop., 1,019. Two newspapers. Catlin, tn. in Vermillion co.. 111. Pop., 1,826. Catlin, p. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, "Wabash & Western R. R., 5 mis. from Dan- ville. Catlin. p. V. in Parke co., Ind., on the Evans- ville & Crawfordville R. R., 5 nils. S. of Rock- ville. Catlin, tn. in Chemung co., N. Y. Pop., 1,312. Catlin, p. o. in the above tn. Cato, p. V. in Crawford co., Kans., 11-% mis. from Fort Scott. Cato, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ky. Cato, tn. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 523. Cato, p. V. in the above tn., 12 mis. "NV". of Itey- nohl on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. Cato, p. V. in liankin co.. Miss., 15 mis. from Brandon. Cato, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,091. Cato, p. V. in the above tn., 2 mis. "VV. of Meri- dian. Cato, tn. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Pop., 1,675. Cato, p. o. in the above tn. Catocton Furnace, p. o. in Frederick co., Md. Caton, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 1,544. Caton, p.v. in theabove tn., 7mls. from Corning. Catonsville, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md.,7mls. W. of Baltimore. Catoosa, co. in Ga., N. W. part. Area, 135 sq. mis. Pop., 4,409 ; in 1860, .5,032. It borders in the N. on Tenn., and is traversed from N. to S. by several mountain chains, as Tay- lor's Ridge, Chickamauga Ridge, and oth- ers. The Chickamagua Cr. flows thi-ough the CO. from S. to N., joining Tennessee R. near its northern boundary. Riinggold is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : VVheat, 43,366 bush.; rye, 212 bush.; Indian-corn, 90,855 bush.; oats, 19,909 bush.; Irish pot's, 182 bush.; sweet pot's, 718 bush.; cotton, 96 bales; butter, 40,879 lbs.; liay, 152 tons. Cash value of farms, $542,538. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $230,- 625. Value of manufactures. .$221,332. Catskill, tn. in Greene CO., lif. Y. Pop., 7,677. *Catsklll, p. V, in the above tn. and the co. seat, near the entrance of Catskill Cr. into the Hudson R. It is the point of departure for tourists visiting the Catskill Mts., and has manufactories and two newspapers. Pop., .3,791. Catskill Creek, a tributary of the Hudson R , in Greene co., N. Y.; rises in the Catskill Mts., in Schoharie co.. flows along their north- ern base in a S. E. direction, through Albany & Greene cos., and empties near Catskill. Catskill Mountains. (See state of N. Y.) Cat!!>kill Station, p. o. in Columbia CO., N. Y., on the E. bank of the Hudson R. and tho Hudson River R. R., 4 mis. S. of Hudson. Cat i^pring-, p. v. in Austin co., Tex., 90 mis. E. S. E. of Austin. Cattaraugus, co. in N. Y., S. W. part ; bordera on Pa. Area, 1,350 sq. mis. Pop., 43,909; in 1860, 43,886. Cattaratigus Cr. forms part of the N. boundary. The Alleghany R. flows through tho S. part from E. to W., and receives Olean Cr. and Ishua R. Connewango Cr. rises in the W. part. The surface is undulating, and gen- erally over 800 feet above the sea level. The soil is fertile. Tho Erie R. R. passes through the CO. Ellicottville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 84,926 bush.; rye, 9,271 bush.; Indian-corn, 160,602 bush.; oats, 783,387 bush.; Irish pot's, 340,803 bush.; wool, 110,063 lbs.; maple sugar, 458,723 lbs.; cheese, 889,132 lbs.; butter, 2,700,265 lbs.; hav, 144,919 tons. Cash value of farms, $22,914,176. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., 1^,224,297. Value of manufactures, $4,002,720. Cattaraugus, p. v. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y., on the Erie R. R., 7K mis. N. N. W. of Little Valley. Cattaraugus River, in N. Y. ; rises in Catta- raugus CO., and separates Erie co. on the N. from Cattaraugus and Chautauqua cos. on the S. It has a westerly course, and empties into Lake Erie. Caudle Mills, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. Caughdcnoy, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y., on the New Yoi-k & Oswego Midland R. R., H mis. S. E. of Fulton. Caulkin*s Mills, p. o. in Jefl'erson CO., N". Y. Caulksville, p. o. in Sarber co.. Ark. Cave, p. V. in Franklin co., 111., 30 mis. S. S, E. of Duquoin. Cave, p. o. in White co., Tenn. Cave City, p. v. in Barren co., Ky., on the Louis- ville & Nashville R. R., 85 mis. S. S. W. of Louisville. The entrance to the Mammoth Cave is 6 nils, from tliis place. Cave Creek, p. o. in Newton co.. Ark. Cave in Rock, p. v. in Hardin co., 111., on the Ohio R. Cavendish, tn. in Windsor co., "Vt. Pop., 1,823. Cavendish, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rut- land & Vermont Valley R. R., 4 mis. E. of Ludlow and on the Black R. Cave Pnnip, p. o. in Camden co.. Mo. Caver na, p. o. of the v. of Horse Cave, in Hart CO., Ky., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 7 mis. from Munforilsville. Pop., 479. Cave Spring, p. o. in Fayette co., Ala. *€ave Spring, p. o. in Floyd co., Ga., on the Selina, Rome & Dalton R. R., 56 mis. from Dal- ton. Po])., 50. Cave Spring, p. v. in Greene co.. Mo., 14 mis. from Springfield. Cave Spring, p. o. in Carter CO., Tenn. Cave Spring, tn. in Roanoke co., Va. Pop., 2,261. Cave Spring, p. o. in the above tn. Cave Spring Station, p. o. in Logan co., Ky. Cavetown, p. v. in Washington co., Md., 9mla. E. of Hagerstown. Cavettsville, p. o. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R.. 17 mis. E. of Pittsburgh. Cavin Rock, tn. in Hardin co.. 111. Pop., 869. CAWKER CITY. 188 CEDAR BAYOU. Catrker City, tn. in Mitchell co., Kans. Pop., 38. Cawker City, p. v. In the above tn., 40 mis. W. of Concordia. Cayuga, co. in N. Y., central part. Area about 750 sq. nils. Pop., 59,550 ; in 1860, 55,7(i7. It border.s in the N. on Liike Ontario, in tlie W. on Lake Cayuga, and in the E. on Lake Skan- eateles. Seneca B. flows tluougli the eo. from W. to E., and receives the outlets of the two last-named lakes, as well as the Owasco 11., the outlet of Owasco Lake, which lies in the southern part of the co. Tlie surface is un- dulating, particularly in the S., and the soil very productive. Several branches of the New York Central R. 11. pass through the co. Auburn is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat. 622,257 bush.; rye, 2,459 bush.; Indian-corn, 703,148 bush.; oats. 916,108 bush.; Irish pot's, 397,747 bush.; wool, .324,792 lbs.; but- ter, 2,392,238 lbs.; hay, 87,604 tons. Cash value of farms, .$32,712,.555. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $5,706,417. Value of manufac- tures, !};7,378, 333. €ayii^a, p v. in Livingston eo.. 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 13 mis. from Dwight. Cayngra, p. o. in Hinds co., Miss. Cayuga, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., on the E. shore of Cayuga Lake, and on the Kew Vork Central R. R., 11 mis. W. of Auburn. Pop., 435. Cayug'a Lake, between Cayuga arid Seneca COS., in western N. Y.; is nearly 40 mis. long and in the mean 2^ mis. wide, and lies 377 ft. above the level ot the sea, or 14G ft. above Lake Ontario. Its outlet empties into Seneca Lake. A steamboat line connects Ithaca at the southarn extremity and Cayuga Bridge at the northern. Cay use, )). o. in Umatilla co., Oreg. Cayuta, tn. in Schuyler co., N. Y. Pop., 641. Cayuta, p. o. in the above tn. Cayuta River, tributary of the Chemung R.; rises in Tompkins co., N. Y., flows through Schuyler and Chemung cos., and forms the boundary between Chemung and Tioga cos. Cayuta Lake, a small lake in Schuyler co., jf. Y., is drained by the Cayuta R. Cayutaviilc, p. o. in Sehuvler co., JS'. Y. Cay wood, p. o. in Washing'ton co., Ohio. Cazenovia, tn. in Woodford co.. 111. Pop., 990. Cazciiovia, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chi- cago & Alton R. R., 4% mis. N. of Metamora. Cazenovia, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Pop 4,265. *Cazenovia, p. v. in Madison co., N. Y., on Chit- tenango Cr.. and on the Cazenovia & Canas- tota R. R.. 15 mis. from Canastota. It lies on a smail lake of the same name, and is the center of an active trade. Much cheese is nianufautured here. Pop., 1,718. One news- pai)er. Cazeuovia, p. v. in Richland co., AVis., 7 mis. S. W. of Lavalle and 29 mis. N. of Lone Rock. Cearfoss, p. o. in Washington eo., Md. Cecil, CO. in Md., N. E. corner, bordering on Del. and Pa. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 25,874 ; iu 1860, 23,8.!2. Thii surface is undulat- ing and the soil fertile. The co. includes the head of Chesapeake B.,and is bounded on the W. bv the Susquehanna R. It is drained by the North East R., Elk R. and Bohemian R. Sassafras R. forms the southern boundary. Large quantities of granile are qu.arried in the eo. The Philadelphia & Wilmington R. R. and the Philadelphia & Baltimore R. R. inter- sect the co. Eikton is the eo. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat. 3;r),NlS bush.; rve, 670 bush.; Indian-corn, 6-t:;,f;><3 bnsli.; oats, 305,307 bush.; Irish pot's, 110, S39 Imsh.; sweet pot's, 5,287 bush.; butter, 445,720 lbs.; hay, 19,986 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,894,291. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, iuclud- ing afitlitions to stock, etc., $2,288,360. Value of manufactures, $2,113,652. Ccjcil, p. V. in Paulding co., Ohio, near the Maumee R. and on the Toledo, Wabash Sc Western R. R., 13^ mis. W. S. W. of Defiance. Cecil, tn. in Washington CO., Pa. Pop., 1.102. Cecil, p. o. in the above tn. Cecilian, p. v. in Hardin co., Ky., on the EIL zabethtown & Paducah B. R., 6 mis. S. W. of Elizabethtown. Cecilton, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., 18U mis. S. of Eikton. ' ' /^ Cedar, co. in Iowa, E. part. Ai-ea, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 19,731; in ]8()0, 12,949. The surface con- sists of rolling prairies, alternating with tracts of woodland ; the soil is fertile. The largest strf^am is the Cedar R., which flows throagh the eo. from N. W. to S. E. Tlie N. E. corner is intersi!Cted by the Wapsipinicon R. Nu- merous creeks, tributary to the Cedar R., af- ford a considerable supply of water. The Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. crosses the co. from E. to W. The Iowa & Pacific R. R. crosses the S. W. corner. Tip- ton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 632,878 bush.; rye, 6,285 bush.: Indian- corn, 2.203,802 bush.; oats, 723,312 bush.; Irish pot's, 92,937 bush.; sweet pot's, 15 bush.; wool, 35,087 lbs.; butter, 741,650 lbs.; liay, 38,820 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,473,122. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,754,614. V.-ilue of manufactures, $177,002. Cedar, co. in Mo., S. W. part. Area about 440 sq. mis. Pop., 9,474 ; in 18G0, 6,637. It has an undulating surface and a moderately pi-o- ductive soil. The principal stream is the Big Sac R., which receives the Little Sac from the S. E. and Horse Cr. from the S. W. The co. has a general slope toward the N. Stockton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 59,377 bush.; rye, 622 liush.; Indian-corn, 326,060 bush.; oats, 49,588 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,- 070 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,004 bush.: tobacco, 37,465 lbs.; butter, 15,147 lbs.; hay, 1,102 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,429,938. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $335,229. Value of manufactures, $48,731 . Cedar, co. in Nel>., N. E. part, bordering on Dakota. Area about 700 sq. mis. Pop., 1,032; iu 1860, 246. The N. boundai-y is formed by the Missouri R. The Big Bow Cr., a tributary of the Missouri, traverses the co. from S. W. to N. E. The surface is mostly rolling and the soil but moderately fertile. Saint James is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 24,555 bush.; Indian-corn, 16,900 bush.; oats, 11,875 bush.; Irish pots, 12,190 bush.; but- ter, 41,950 lbs.; hay, 3,214 tons. Cash value of farms, $244,050. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $133,880. Value of manutacturcs, $!t0,940. , Cedar, tn. in Clarke co.. Ark. Pop., 897. Cedar, tn. in Knox co.. III. Pop., 2,15". Cedar, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,041. Cedar, tn. in Cherokee co., Iowa. Pop., 250. Cedar, tn. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Pop., 731. Cedar, tn. in Floyd co., Iowa. Pop., 41.5. Cedar, tn. in Greene co., Iowa. Pop., 30o'. Cedar, tn. in JetTerson co., Iowa. Pop., 816. Cedar, tn. in .Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,094. Cedar, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,196. Cedar, tn. in Lucas co., Iowa. Pop., 764. Cedar, tn. in Jlaliaskia co., Iowa. Pop., 1*265. Cedar, tn. in IMitehell co., Iowa. Pop., 73.3. Cedar, tn. in Monroe co., Iowa. Pop., 831. Cedar, tn. in Muscatine co., Iowa. Pop., 421. Cedar, tn. in Van Buren co.,Iowa. Pop., 1,090. Cedar, tn. in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 957. Cedar, tn. in Wilson eo., Kans. Pop., 539. Cedar, tn. in Boone eo , Mo. Pop., 5,020. 3. Cedar Vale, ]). v. in Howard co., Kans.,25mls. S. W. of Klk Falls. Cedar Vale, p. o. in Onondaga CO., N. Y. Cedar Valley, p. v. in Black Hawk co., Iowa, on the Burlington, C'jdar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 4S mis. K. of Cedar Rapids. Cedar Valley, p. o. in Caldwell co., N. C. Cedar Valley, p. o. in Wayne co , Ohio. Cedar Valley, p. o. in Havs CO., Tex. Cedar Valley, p. v. in Utah co., Utah, 30 mis. W. of Tooele. Cedar View, p. o. in Sussex co., Va. Ccdarville, p. o. in Crawford co.. Ark. Cedarville, p. v. in Siskij'ou Co., Cal., 137 mis. E. of Yreka. Cedarville, p. v. in Stephenson co., 111., (5 mis. from Freeport. Cedarville, p. v. in Allen co., Ind., 10 mis. from Fort Wayne. Cedarville, p. o. in Pocahontas co., Iowa. Cedarville, p. o. in Smith co., Kans. Cedarville, tu. in Menomonee co., Mich. Pop., 194. Cedarville, p. o. in INIartin co., Minn. Cedarville, p. o. in Dade co., Mo. Ccdarville, p. v. in Cumberland CO., N. J., 8 mis. S. of Bridgeton, the co. seat. Cedarville, p. v. in Herkimer co , N. Y., 8 mis. S. E. of Ilion. Cedarville, tn. in Greene co., Ohio. Pop., 2,361. *Cedarville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lit- tle Miami R. R., 8 mis. N. K. of Xenia. Pop., 753. Cedarville, p. o. in Warren co., Va. Cedarville, p. v. iu Chehalis co.. Wash. Ter., 29 mis. S. W. of Olympia. Cedarville, tn. in Warren co., Ya. Pop., 1,731. Cedar Wood, p. o. in Harrison co., Ind. Cedron, p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. Cedron, p. o. in Clermont co., Ohio. Celestine, p. v. in Dubois co., Ind., 20 mis. from Shoals. Celina, p. o. in Perry co., Ind. Celina, p. o. in Dent co.. Mo. *Celina, p. v. and co. seat of Mercer co., Ohio, 19]4 mis. W. of Wapakonetta. It lies near the sources of the Wabash R. Pop., 859. Two newspapers. Celina, p. v. and the co. seat of Jackson co., Tenn., on the Cumberland R. and 82 mis. E. N. E. of Nashville. Centenary, p. o. in Marion district, S. C. p., 145. Centerville, p. v. in Davis co., Utah, on the Utah Central R. R., 11 mis. X. of Salt Lake City and 26 mis. S. of Ogden. Centerville, tn. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Pop., 1,6.50. Central, tn. in Franklin co.. Mo. Pop., 2,271. Central, tn. in St. Louis co.. Mo. Pop., 8,923. Central, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from St. Louis. Central, tn. in JefTerson co.. Mo. Pop., 1,789. Central, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Central, tn. in Essex co., Va. Pop., 3,449. Central, tn. in Rockingham co., Va. Pop., 2, '='><-2. Central, p. o. in Gloucester co., Va. Central, tn. in Doddridge co., W. Va. Pop., 833. Central Academy, p. o. in Panola CO., Miss. Central Bridge, p. v. in Schoharie co., N. Y., on the Alliany & Susquehanna R. R., 6 mis. E. of Barnerville. *Central City, city and the co. seat of Gilpin CO., Colo., 20 mis. N. W. of Golden Citv ; is picturesquely situated in a canon of the Rocky Mts., which is drained bva tributarv of the South Platte R. The Gregory Gold District surrounds the city, where the ore is reduced and shipped. In 1870 it shipped $1,- 0.50,000 worth of ore. Pop., 2,300. Four news- papers. Central City, p. v. in Marion co.. 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 1 mle. N. of Centralia. Central City, p. v. in Linn co., Iowa, 14 mis. N. W. of Anamosa. Central City, p. v. in Anderson co., Kans., 25 mis. from Ottawa. Central City, p. o. in Putnam co.. Mo. Central College, p. v. in F'ranklin co., Ohio, 12 mis. N. E. of Columbus. *Central Falls, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., on the Providence & AVorcester R. R., 13^ mle. X. of Pawtucket. It has numerous matiufac- tories, especially cotton mills. Pop. about .5,000. Two newspapers. Central House, p. v. in Butte co., Cal., 5^/^ mis. E. of Gridley. *Centralia, city in Marion co.. 111., at the junction of the Chicago Branch and the main "branch of the Illinois Central R. R., 2.52 mis. S. of Chicago and 112 mis. N. of Cairo. It con- tains the niachine shops of the railroad com- pany and other manufactories. In the viciuity large quantities of fruit are raised. Pop., 3,190. Two newspapers. Centralia, p. v. in Nemaha co.. Kans., onrthe Central Brancli of the Union Pacific R. R., 62 mis. N. W. of Atchison. Centralia, p. v. in Boone Co., Mo., on the North Missouri R. R., 14 mis. W. of Mexico. Centralia, p. v. iu Columbia co.. Pa., on the Mahanov, Beaver Meadow & Hazleton R. R., 47 mis. W. of Mauch Chunk. Centralia, tn. in Wood co., Wis. Pop., 893. Centralia, p. v. in the above tn.,on Wisconsin R., 1 nde. from (irand Rapids.- Central Institute, p. o. in Coosa co., Ala. CENTRAL LAKE. 191 CENTREDALE. Central liake, p. o. in Antrim co., Midi. Central Aline, p. o. in Keweenaw co., Micli. Central Parte, p. o. in Gallatin co., Mont. Central Park, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 3 mis. S. E. of Hiclcs- ville. Central Plains, p. o. in Fluvanna co., Va. Central Point, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 100. Central Point, p. o. in Jackson co., Oreg. Central Point, p. o. in Caroline co., Va. Central Square, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., 3]4 mis. N. of Brewerton at the W. end of Oneida L., and 1 mle N. oftlio New York & Oswego Midland H. R. Central Station, p. o. in Doddridge co., W. Va. Central Valley, p. o. in Orange co., N. Y. Central Mount Vernon, v. in Westchester CO., N. Y. Pop., 450. Central Villag'e, p. v. in Windham co.. Conn., on the Norwich & Worchester R. R., 20 nils. N. of Norwicli, and on tlie Quinebaug R. Central Village, p. v. in Bristol co., Mass., 3 mis. S. of Westport. Centre, p. v. and the co. seat of Clierokee co., Ala., on the Coosa R., L5 mis. E. of Greenwood and 20 mis. N. of Jacksonville. One news- paper. Centre, tn. in Polk co. Ark. Pop., 614. Centre, tn. in Prairie co., Arlc. Pop., 772. Centre, tn. in Se])astian co.. Ark. Pop., 1,903. Centre, p. o. in Schuyler co.. III. Centre, tn. in Hendricks co., Ind. Pop., 2,793. Centre, tn. in Howard co., Ind. Pop., 2,857. Centre p. o. in tlie above tn. Centre, tn. in Grant co., Ind. Pop., 2,641. Centre, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., 1,870. Centre, tn. in Delaware co., Ind. Pop., 4,375. Centre, tn. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 4.699. Centre, tn. in Porter co., Ind. Pop., 1,394. Centre, tn. in Rush co., Ind. Pop., 1,645. Centre, tn. in Ripley co., Ind. Pop., 1,5S1. Centre, tn. in St. .Joseph co., Ind. Pop., 717. Centre, tn. in Starke co., Ind. Pop., 555. Centre, tn. in Vanderburgh co., Ind. Pop., 1,689. Centre, tn. in Wayne co., Ind. Pop., 2,855. Centre, tn. in Marion co., Ind. Pop., 4,274. Centre, tn. in Marshall co., Ind. Pop., 4,830. Centre, tn. in Union co., Ind. Pop., 1,890. Centre, tn. in La Porte co., Ind. Pop., 1,932. Centre, tn. in Decatur co., Iowa. Pop., 1,738. Centre, tn. in Eramett co., Iowa. Pop., 146. Centre, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 504. Centre, tn. in Gutlirie co., Iowa. Pop., 924. Centre, tn. in Henry co., Iowa. Pop., 6,310. Centre, p. o. in Page co., Iowa. Centre, tn. in Atchison co., Kans. Pop., 1,605. Centre, tn. in Doniphan co., Kans. Pop., 2,248. Centre, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. Centre, tn. in Marion co., Kans. Pop., 539. Centre, tn. in Wilson co., Kans. Pop., 855. Centre, tn. in Metcalfe co., Ky. Centre, p. o. in Eaton co., Mich. Centre, p. o. in Attala co.. Miss. Centre, tn. in Dade co., Mo. Pop., 1,.5^38. Centre, tn. in Hickory co.. Mo. Pop., 1,245. Centre, tn. in Knox co.. Mo. Pop., 2,416. Centre, p. o. in Ralls co.. Mo. Centre, p. o. in Guilford co., N. C. Centre, tn in Camden co., N. J. Pop., 1,718. Centre, tn. in Carroll CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,222. Centre, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 1,016. Centre, tn. in Monroe co., Ohio. Pop., 2,.58.5. Centre, p. v. in Montgomery, Ohio, 4 mis. from West Baltimoie. Centre, tn. In Morgan co., Ohio. Pop., 1,.353. Centre, tn. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop.. 1,703. Centre, tn. in Williams co., Ohio. Pop., 1,628. <;entre, tn. in Wo^d co., Ohio. Pop., 1,331. <'entre, co. in. Pa., central part. Area about 1,100 sq. mis. Pop., 34,418 ; in 1800, 27,000. The West Branch of the Susquehanna and its tributary, Mushannon Cr., form the N. W. boundary. The co. is traversed by several parallel ranges of the Appalachian System from S. W. to N. E ; and thus comprises a number of natural divisions. The N. W. part, between the streams above named and the Alleghany Mts., is a broken and elevated table-l.and. IJetween the AUcghanj' and Bald Eagle Mts. is a long^ and "narrow valley, which is traversed by Bald Eagle Cr.. a tribu- tary of the Susquehanna. S.E. of the Bald Eagle Mts. extends the wide Nittauy Valley, which is in part separated from the Penn's Valley and Brush Valley, the next division, by the Nittany Mts. Penn's Valley is bounded by the long range of Tusseys Mt., and the crest of Path Valley Mts. forms the S. E. boundary of the co. Bald Eagle Cr. receives Beacli Cr. from the N. W. and Spring Cr. from the S. Penn's Cr., a tributary of the Susque- hanna, traverses the valley which bears the same name from W. S. W. to E. N. E. The soil of the valleys is very productive ; the mountains are covered with forests. The co. abounds in rich iron ore. The Lock Haven & Tyrone R. R. follows the Bald Eagle Creek. Bellefonte is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 • Wheat, 475,145 bush.; rye, 03,108 bush. ; oats, 389,628 bush.; Indian-corn. 1,044,760 bush.; Irish pot's, 117,403 bash.; butter, 521,090 lbs.; hay, 27,725 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,565,- 198. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,0.)2,317. Value of manufactures, $3,047,674. Centre, tn. in Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 1,121. Centre, p. v. in the above tn., G mis. W. of Landisburg. Centre, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 1,529. Centre, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 843. Centre, tn. in Columbia co. Pa. Pop., 1,.322. Centre, tn. in Greene CO., Pa. Pop., 1,777. Centre, tn. in Snyder co., Pa. Pop., 885. Centre, tn. in Indiana co.. Pa. Pop., 1,.555. Centre, tn in Calhoun co., W. Va. Pop., 520. Centre, tn. in Gilmer co., W. Va. Pop., 1,201. Centre, tn. in Wetzel co., W. Va. Pop., 1,336. Centre, tn. in Wyoming co., W. Va. Pop., 622. Centre, tn. in Rock co., Wis. Pop., 1,064. Centre Barnstead, p. o. in IJelknap co., N. H. Centre Belpre, p. v. in Washington co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., and 3]^ mis. W. of Belpre. Centre Bend, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Centre Berlin, p. o. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., on the Lebanon Springs R. R., 'il4 n^'s S. of Berlin. Centre Bow, p. o. in Cedar co., Nebr. Centre Bridg'e, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Delaware Division of the Pennsjdvania Canal and the Delaware R. Centre Brook, p. v. in Middlesex co., Conn., 5 mis. N. of Westbrook, and 1 mle. W. of Essex on the Connecticut R. Centre Brunswick, p. o. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Centreburgh, p v. in Knox co.. Ohio, 12 mis. from Mt. Vernon. Centre Cambridge, p. o. in Washington co., N. Y. Centre Canisteo, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., on theCanisteo R., and the Buffalo Branch of the Erie R. R., 5% mis. S. E. of Hornellsville. Centre Conway, p. v. in Carroll co.. N. H., near the Saco R., and 3J^ mis. N. K. of Con- way. Centre Creek, tn. in Martin co., Minn. Pop., 377. Centre Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Centre Creek, tn. in Jasper co., Mo. Pop., 765. Centre Creek, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Carthage. Centre Cross, p. o. in Essex co., Va. Centre Dale, p. o. in Cedar CO., Iowa. Centredale, p. o. in Providence co., R. I., 7 mis. N. W. of Providence. CENTRE EFFINGHAM. 192 CENTREVILLE. Centre F.flinshain, p. v. in Carroll co.,N. H., 'i nils. S. of KfHnijlKim. Centrefield, p. v. in Ilisliland co., Ohio, on Piiiiit Cr., and 5 mis. S. of East Monroe. Pop., 128. Centre Groton, p. v. in New London co., Conn., ^4 mis. N. E. of Groton on tlie Stoning- ton & Providence R. R. Centre Grove, p. o. in Person co., N. C. Centre Hall, p. v. in Centre CO., Pa., 8 mis. S. S. E. of Bellofonte. One newspaper. Centre Harbor, tn. in Belknap co., N. H. Pop., 448. Centre Harbor- p. v. in the above tn., on the N. W. end of Wmnipiseogee Lake, and 4 mis. X. N. E. of Meredith village. Centre Hill, p. o. in Limestone co., Ala. Centre Hill, p. o. in ^Vhite co., Ark. Centre Hill, p. o. in Hartford CO., Conn. Centre Hill, p. v. in Centre CO., Pa., 11 mis. S. S. E. of Bellefonte. Centre Junction, p. o. in .Jones co., Iowa. Centre f^ebanon, p. o. in York CO., Me., 3 mis. N. E. Of West Lebanon. Centre fjincolnville, p. o. in Waldo CO., Me., 7 mis. N. AY. of Camden. Centre liisle, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., 3 mis. W. of Lisle. Centre liovell, p. o. in Oxford co.. Me., 4 mis. N. of Lovell. Centre Mills, p. o. in Centre co., Pa., 2i^mls. N. of MUlheiin. Centre Montville, p. v. in Waldo co., Me., 21/^ mis. N. of aiontville. Centre Moreland, p. v. in Wyoming co., Pa., 12 mis. S. of Tnnkhannock. Centre MoricUes, p. v. in Suffolk co., K. Y., near the S. shore of Long Island, 7% mis. S. E. of Yaphank. Centre Ossipce, p. v. in Carroll co., N. H., 5 mis. N. E. of Ossioee. Centre Point, p. v. in Sevier co.. Ark , 14 mis. X. E. of Lockslntrgh, the co. seat. Centre Point, p. o. in Knox co.. 111. Centre Point, p. v. in Clay CO., Ind., 8 mis. from Brazil. Pop., 228. Centre Point, p. v. in Linn CO., Iowa, 9 mis. from ShuHsljurgh. Pop., 443. Centre Point, p. o. in Monroe co., Ky, Centre Point, p. o. in Brown co., Ohio. Centre Point, p. o. Kerr co., Tex. Centreport, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y'., on the N. coast of Long Island and on the Long Is- land R. R., 12'.^ mis. N. E. of Ilicksville. Centreport, \\ o. u\ B._'rks co.. Pa. Centre Prairie, p. o. Sarber co.. Ark. Centre Ritls'c, p. <>. iii Woodson co., Kans. Centre Road Station, p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa., on the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R., IS^^mls. N. of Janijstown. Centre Rutland, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt., on the Saratoga & White Hall R. R., 3% mis. W. of Rutland. Centre Sandwich, p. v. in Carroll co., N. II., 2 mis. N. E. of Sandwich. Centre Sidney, p. v. in Kennebec co.. Me., on the MaineCentral R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Redheld Depot. Centre Square, p. o. in Switzerland CO., Ind. Centre Square, p. o. in lSlontgoiner3'' co.. Pa. Centre Star, p. o. in Ijauderdale co., Ala. Centre Strafford, p. v. in Stratford co., N. H., :3 nils. N. E. of Stratford. Centretou, p. v. in Morgan co., Ind., on the Indianapolis & Vincennes R. R., near White Lick Cr. and 7 mis. S. of Mooresville. Centreton, p. v. in Salem co., N. J., near the West Jersey R. R.,G mis. S. of Elmer. Pop.,l.')5. Centreton, p v. in Huron co., Ohio, on the Lake Erie Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., Ui/< nils S. of Monroeville. Centretown, p. o. in Grundy co.. 111. Ceutretown, v. in Duburiue co., Iowa, 11 mis. W. of Dnl.iique. Centretowji, p. o. in Ohio co., Ky. Centre Town, p. v. in Cole co.. Mo., ou the Missouri Pacific R. R., 140 mis. from St. ].iOui3 and 22 nils, from Tipton. Pop. about 100. Centretown, p. v. in Mercer co., Pa., 12 ml;*, E. of Mercer. Centre Valley, p. v. in Hendricks co., Ind., 6 mis. from Cartersburgh. Centre Valley, p. o. in Cass co., Nehr. Centre Valley, p. o. in Otsego Co., N. Y. Centre Valley, p. v. in Lehigh co.. Pa., near the North Pennsylvania R. R., 6 mis. S. of Iron Hill. Centre View, p. v. in Johnson co.. Mo., on the Missouri Paciflc R. R., 224 mis. W. of St. Louis and 8 mis. E. of Holden. Pop. about 250. Centre View, p. o. in Monroe co., Ohio. Centre Villas e, p. o. in Charlton co., Ga. Centre Village, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., 15 mis. N. E. of Binghamton on the Susque- hanna R Centre Village, p. v. in Delaware co., Ohio, 18 mis. S. E. of Delaware. Centreville, p. v. and the co. seat of Bibb co., Ala., on the Cahawba R. and 23 mis. N. E. of Marion. Centreville, p. v. in Montgomerv co.. Ark., on Ca Ido Cr. and 10 mis. S. of Mt. Ida. Centreville, p. v. in Alameda co., Cal., 314 mis. N. W. of Washington Corners. Centreville, p. v. in Lake co., Colo., 31 mis. S. of Granite. Centreville, v. in New Haven co.. Conn., on the Xew Haven & Northampton R. R., G mis. N. of New Haven. Centreville, p. o. in Turner co.. Dak. Centreville, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., 7 mis. N. N. W. of Wilmington. Centreville, p. v. in Boise co., Idaho, 10 mis. N. of Idaho City. Pop., 474. Centreville, p. o. in Piatt co., 111., 7 mis. from Bement. Centreville, v. in Lake co., Ind., 5 mis. from Crown Point. The p. o. is Merrillville. *Centreville, p. v. and the co. seat of Wayne CO., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 5 mis. from Richmond ; is in an agricultural district. Pop., 1,077. Centreville, v. in Vigo co., Ind., 7 mis. from Farinersburg. Centreville, tn. in Linn co., Kans. Pop., 1,034. Centreville, p. o. in the above tn. Centreville, p. v. in Bourbon co., Ky., 8 mis. W. of Pans, the co. seat. Centreville, p. v. in St. Mary's parish. La., on Bayou Toclie, (! mis. S. E. of Eranklin. *Centreville, p. v. and co. seat of Queen Anno CO., Md., on the Chester R. and the Queen Anne & Kent R. R., 20 mis. W. of Greensburgh. Steamers ply between it and Baltimore. Pop., 915. Two newspapers. Centreville, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the southern shore of Cape Cod Peninsula, 5]^ mis. S. \V. of Barnstable. Centreville, tn. in Delta co., Mich. Pop., 86. Centreville, tn. in Leelenaw co., Mich. Pop., 930. Centreville, p.v. and the co. seat of St. Joseph CO., Mich., on the Air Line Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 25 nils. E. of Casso- polls. Pop., 749. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural district and has one newspaper. Centreville, tn. in Anoka co., Minn. Pop., G87. Centreville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Superior & Mississipiii R. R., 17 mis. N. of St. Paul. Centreville, p. o. in Amite co.. Miss. Centreville, p. v. and the co. seat of Reynolds CO., Mo., 22 mis. from Ironton. Pop., 23. Centreville, p. o. in Meagher co., Mont. Centreville, p. v. in Lancaster co., Nebr., 12 nils. S. of Lincoln. Centreville, p. v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., U mis. W. of Somervillo. Centreville, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop,, 1,04,3. CENTREVILLE. 193 CHAMBERS. CentrcTlIle, p. v. in Allegany co., N. Y., 20 mis. N. of Cuba on the Erie K. E. Centre vllle, v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 141. €entreville, v. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 289. Centreville, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ohio, 7 mis. from Miamisburg. Ceiitreville, v. in Gallia co., Ohio, 6]4 nils, from Portland. Centreville, v. in Morgan co., Ohio, 9 mis. from Beverly. Centreville, v. in Medina co., Ohio, 714 mis. from West Salem. Centreville, p. v. in Washington co., Oreg., 19 mis. W. of Portland. Centreville, v. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 366. Centreville, p. v. in Crawford co., Pa., on the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., 3 mis. N. of Tvronville, and 25 mis. E. N. E. of Mead- villo. Pop., 3-22. Centreville, v. in Northampton co., Pa., 15 mis. N. of Easton. Centreville, p. v. and the co. seat of Kent co., R. I., on Pawtuxent R., 1% nils. S. of River Point and 12 mis. S. S. W. of Providence ; has cotton mills. Centreville, p. o. in Lawreiis district, S. C. Centreville, p. v. and the co. seat of Hick- man CO., Teun., 2;i nils, from Dickson. Centreville, p. v. and the co. seat of Leon co., Tex., 40 mis. from Bremond. Pop., "221. Centreville, tn. in Fairfax co., Va. Pop., 1,721. Centreville, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Clinton Station on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R , 30 mis. from Washington. Centreville, tn. in Tyler co., W. Va. Pop., 1,079. Centreville, p. o. in Snohomish co., Wash. Ter. Centreville, v. in Green co.. Wis., 13^^ mis. N. N. W. of Brodhead. The p. o. is Attica. Centreville Station, p. o. in St. Clair co.. 111. Centreville Station, p. o. in Sullivan co. K. Y. Cei»tre White Creek, p. v. in Washington CO., N. y., on the Troy & Rutland R. R., 4 mis. S. of Cambridge. Centropolis, tn. in Franklin CO., Kans. Pop., 1,034. Centropolis, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Baldwin Citj''. Ceralvo, p. o. in Ohio co., Ky. Cerbat, p. o. in Mohave co., Ariz. Ceredo, tn. in Wayne co., W. Va. Pop., 1,297. Ceredo, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ohio R., and 6 mis. from Ashland, Ky. Ceres, p. o. in Stanislaus co., Cal. Ceres, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, 17)4 i^s. from McGregor. Ceres, p. v. in Allegany co., N. Y., 11 mis. S. E. of Olean. Ceres, tn. in McKean co., Pa. Pop., 79S. Ceresco, p. v. in Calhoun co., Mich., on the Michigan Central R. R., H mis. W. of Marshall. Ceresco, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 313. Ceresco, p. o. in Lyon co., Minn. Ceresco, p. o. in Saunders co., Nebr. Cerro Gordo, co. in Iowa, N. part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 4,722 ; In 18G0, 940. The surface is rolling, and consists mainly of prairies. Only the water-courses are slcirted with woods. The CO. is drained by the Shell Rock R. and the Beaver Dam Cr., flowing from the N. W. to the S. E., thus indicating by their courses the general slope. Mason City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 138,592 bush.; rye, 58 bush.; Indian-corn, 97,9.30 bush.; oats, 1^6,556 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,115 bush.; wool, 4,503 lbs.; butter, 93,267 lbs.; hay, 8,119 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,269,175. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $308,679. Value of manufactures, $136,625. Cerro Oordo, p. o. in Little Biver co., Ark, 13 Cerro Gordo, tn. in Humboldt co., Cal. Pop., 474. Cerro Oordo, p. o. in Inyo co., Cal. Cerro Gordo, p. v. and the co. seat of Holmes CO., Fla., 90 rals. from Quincy. Pop., 672. Cerro Gordo, tn. in Piatt co., 111. Pop., 1,650. *Cerro Gordo, p. v. in Piatt co.. 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 11 mis. from Decatur. It is surrounded by a good farming country. Cerro Ciordo, p. o. in Randolph co., Ind. Cerro Gordo, p. v. in Columbus co., N. C. Cerro Gordo, \). o. in Hardin co., Tenn. Cernlean Spring:s, p. o. in Trigg co.,Ky. Cesar Creek, tn. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 556. Cessna, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 732. Ceylon, p. v. in Erie co., Ohio, on the Lako Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 1]4 mis. W. of Vermillion. Ceylon, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Ceylon, tn. in St. Croix CO., Wis. Pop., 348. Chacahonla Station, p. o. in Terre Bonne ])arish, La., on Morgan's Louisiana & Texas R. R., 8 mis. W. of Terre Bonne and 20 mis. E. of Brashear. Chadd's Ford, p. v. in Delaware co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Baltimore R. R., 16 mis. from Lamokin .Junction. The Wilmington & Reading R. R. crosses at the v., which is 14% mis. N. of Wilmington. Chadwick, p. o. in Ionia co., Mich. Chadwlck's Mills, p. v. in Oneida CO., N. Y., on the Utica, Chenango & Susquehanna R. R., 8 mis. S. of Utica. Chagrin Falls, tn. in Cuyahoga CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,321. ^Chag^rin Falls, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. E. of Solon. Pop., 1,016. . o. in Bedford co.. Pa., on Flintstone Cr., and 15 mis. S. of Bedford, the CO. seat. Chaney vllle, p. o. in Calvert co., Md. Chaugewater, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., on CHANHASSEN. 195 CHARLES MIX. the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. B., 314 mis. N. W. of Clarksville. Chanbasseii, tn. in Carver co., Minn. Pop., Cliaiinatiatcliee, p. o. in Elmore co., Ala. Chaiiiiahon, tn. in Will co.. 111. Pop., ],1W. Chaniiahoii, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Elhvood. Chantilly, p. v. in Lincoln co., Mo., 15 mis. fioin Perruqne. €tiaiitilly, p. v. in Fairfax co., Va., 6 mis. N. \V. of Fairfax Court House. Chapel, tn. in Clarke co., Va. Pop., 1,793. Chapel, p. o. in Howell co., Mo. Chapel firove, p. o. in Greene co.. Mo. Chapel Hill, p. o. in Douglas co., Ga. Chapel Hill, p. o. in Allen co.,Ky. Chapel Hill, p. o. in Hinds co.. Miss. Chapel Hill, p. v. in La Fayette co., jMo., 18 mis. from Lexington. Chapel Hill, p. o. in Monmouth co., X. J., 3 mis. S. of Port Monmouth. *Chapel Hill, p. v. in Orange co., N. C, 9 mis. S. of Hillsboro on the New Hope R.; is the seat of the University of North Carolina. Chapel Hill, p. o. in Perry co., Ohio. Chapel Hill, p. v. in Marshall co., Tenn., 17 mis. N. W. of Shelbyville. Chapel Hill, p. v. in Washington co., Tex., near the Brazos R., and on the Houston & Texas Central K. R., 65 mis. W. of Houston. Pop., 602. Chapel Hill, p. v. in Fluvanna co., Va., 9 mis. N. of Columbia. C^apiii, p. V. in Morgan co.. 111., at the Junc- tion of the Ilockport, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R. with the Toledo, Wabash & Western K. R., 83 mis. W. of Decatur and 70 mis. E. of Quincy. Chapiii, p. V. in Franklin co., Iowa, 7}^ mis. from Hampton. Chapiii, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 253. Chapinville, p. o. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Chapiaiville, p. v. in Ontario co., N. V., on the Central R. R., 3 mis. X. E. ot Canandaigua. Chapinville^ p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa. Chaplin, tn. in Windham co.. Conn. Pop., 704 Chaplin, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. E. of Mansfield Centre. Chaplin, p. o. in Nelson co,, Ky. Chaplliie, tn. in Jefferson co., W. \'a. Pop., 2,81)7. Chdpni.tn, p. V. in Dickinson co., Kans., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 83 mis. W. of Topeka. Chapman, p. o. in Merrick co., Nebr. Chapman, tn. in Clinton co., Pa. Pop., 1,301. Chapman, tn. in Snyder co. Pa. Pop., 1,007. Chapman, p o. in the above tn. Chapman 96 sq. luls. Pop., l,'.)7o ; ill 18tJ0, 808. The surface is rolling and consists mostly of open prairies ; the soil is fertile and well adapted to grazing and slock raising. The co. is drained by Cot- tonwood Cr., a tributary of the Neosho R., in- tersecting it from W. to E. This creelv re- ceives several tributaries within this co., as Diamond, Middle and South Crs. Cottonwood Falls is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 41,261 bush.; rye, ],.W1 bush.; In- dian-corn, 104,626 bush.; oats, '2(3,748 bush.; Irish pot'.s, 8,879 bush.; sweet pot's, 69 bush.; butter, 41,14.') lbs.; hay, 8,605 tons. Cash value of farms, $940,1)97. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock,etc., $178,'2>^ mis. N. W. of Watertown ; lies at the head of Chaumont B. Chauncey, p. o. in Dodge co., Ga. Chauncey, p. v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., on the Wabash R., opposite Lafayette. Chauncey, p. v. in Athens co., Ohio., on the Hocking Canal, 6 mis. from Athens. Pop., 201. Chautauqua, co. in N. Y., forming the S. W. extremity of the state. Area, 986 sq. mis. Pop., 59,327; in 1860,58,422. It is bounded on the N. by Lake Erie and Cattaraugus Cr. The greater part of the co. forms part of the great Appalachian Plateau, and has an tmdulallng surface. A low-land belt, from 3 to 10 milea wide, extends along the shore of Lake Erie. From this plain tiie margin of the plateau has the appearance of a range of hills, and is called the Chautauqua Ridge. In the cen- ter of the CO. lies Chautauqua Lake, whose outlet empties into Connewango Cr. A num- ber of small creeks, rising on the plateau and passing through the low-lands, empty into Lake Erie. The Erie & Butfalo R. R. passes along the coast of Lake Erie. The Erie R. R. terminates at Dunkirk. The Atlantic & Great Western R. R. intersects the southern part, and the Buffivlo & Corry R. R. the west- em. Mavville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 148,849 bush.; rye, 972 bush.; Indian-corn, 254,110 bush.; oats," 755,451 bush.; Irish pot's, 314,873 bush.; maple sugar, 342,732 lbs.; wool, 193,891 lbs.; cheese, 773,830 lbs.; butter, 5,049,037 lbs.; hay, 162,272 tons. Cash value of farms, $33,061, 7o5. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $8,103,495. Value of manufactures, $5,308,459. Chautauqua, tn. in the above co. Pop., 3,064. Chautauqua L.ake, in Chautauqua co., N. Y., is 18 mis. long and from 1 mle. to 3 mis. wide. It lies 730 feet above Lake Erie and 1,290 feet above the ocean level, Cha-we-lah, p. o. in Stephens co.. Wash. Ter. Chazy, tn. in Clinton co., N. Y. Pop., 3,206. Chazy, p. v. in the above tn., 9^^ mis. S. W. of Rouse's Point. Chascy River, a small tributary of Lake Champlain, in Clinton co., N. Y. Cheatham, co. in Tenn., N. part. Area about 320 sq. mis. Pop., 6,678 ; in 1860, 7,258. The co. has a slightly rolling surface and forms part of the Highland Rim of Tenn,, which is over 800 feet above the sea level. It is intersected from S. E. to N. W.by the Cumberland R., which flows in a deep and narrow valley. The Ilarpoth R. drains the S. part. The Nashville & Northwestern R. R. traverses the southern part of the co. Ashland City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 19,.572 bush.: rye, 281 bush.; Indian-corn, 274,052 bush.; oatsj 44,585 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,389 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,609 bush.; tobacco, 419,265 lbs.; butter, 32,956 lbs.: hay, 276 tons. Cash value of farms, $758,-535. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $379,496. Value of manufactures, $191,731. Cheat Mountain, p. o. in Randolph co., AV. Va. Cheat River, a tributary of the Monongahela R., is formed by the junction of four forks : Dry Fork, Laurel Fork, Glade Fork, and Sha- ver's Fork, which intersect Pocahontas co., W. Va.,and unite in Randolph co. The river thence flows N. W. through Preston and Mononga- lia cos. and enters the Monongahela in the S. W. part of Fayette co.. Pa. Chebanise, p. v. in Iroquois CO., 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 65 mis. S. of Chicago. It lies in a rich farming district and has two newspapers. Chebeague Island, p. o. in Cumberland co., Me. Cheboygan, co. in Mich., N. part of S. pen- insula. Area, 828 sq. mis. Pop., 2,196; in 1860, 517. It borders in the N. on the Strait of MacMnaw. The surface is rolling, and large tracts are covered with a heavy growth of pine forests. The principal stream is the Black R., which drains Cheboygan Lake in the E. part of the co. The Cheboygan R., a tribu- tary of the Black, drains Burts Lake and Mul- lets Lake, two large sheets of water. Boi? Blanc Island,in the Strait of Macldnaw,belongs to this CO. Chevboygan is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,070 bush.; rye, 320 bush.; oats, 8,285 bush.: Irish pot's, 8,484 bush.; wool, 448 lbs.; butter, 7,225 lbs.; hay, 349 loiid. CHEBOYGAN. 200 CHEROKEE. Cash value of farms, $108,429. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, mcluding additions to stock, etc., $37,716. Value of manu- factures, $347,649. ♦Chebovsan. P- v. and the co. seat of the above co., on McLeods B. and 55 mis. N. E. of Charlevoix. Cheboygan River rises in Otsego co. and flows through Cheboygan co., Mich. It emp- ties into Burts Lake. Checo, p. o. in Cherokee co., Kans. Cheelstowaga, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., on the Central B. B., 8 mis. E. of Buffalo. Cheesland, p. o. in Angelina co, Tex. Ctaehalis, co. in Wash. Ter., S. W. part. Area, 1,7-25 sq. mis. Pop., 401. It borders on the Pa- cific Ocean, and its shore is indented by a bay called Gray's Harbor. The wide and fertile valley in the center, which the Chehalis R. traverses, is the principal feature of the co. The greater portion of the co. has a broken and hilly surface. Montesano is the co. seat. Agr. prodiietions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,345 bush ; oats, 3,345 bush.; Irish loot's, 9,S()0 bush.; butter, 21,890 lbs.; hay, 746 tons. Cash value of farms, $10-2,530. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $44,785. Cbelialis Point, p. v. in Chehalis co., Wash. Ter., 35 mis. from Montesano. Ctaelmsford, tn.in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 2,374. Cbelmsford, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. 8. W. of Lowell. Ctaelsea, p. v. in Tama co., Iowa, on the Chi- cago & Korthwestern R. R., 41 mis. W. of Cedar Rapids. Chelsea, tn. in Butler co., Kans. Pop., 277. Chelsea, p. v. in Butler co., Kans., 44 mis. from Emporia. Chelsea, tn. in Kennebec co.. Me. Pop., 1,238. ♦Chelsea, p. v. in Suffolk co., Mass., on the Eastern R. R., 5 mis. N. E. of Boston. Pop., 18,547. It is a suburb of Boston, and the resi- dence of many persons doing business there. A United States Marine Hospital is located here. The town has several manufactories. Two newspapers. Chelsea, p. v. in Washtenaw co., Mich., on the Michigan Central R. R., 17 mis. W. of Ann Arbor. Pop., 1,01.3. One newspaper. Chelsea, p. o. in Delaware co., Pa. Chelsea, tn. in Orange co., Vt. Pop., 1,5-26. ♦Chelsea, p. v. and tlie eo. seat of Orange co., Vt., 13 mis. N. of South Royalton and -20 mis. S. E. of Montpelier. It has boot and shoe manufactories. Cheltenham, p. o. in St. Louis co.. Mo. Cheltenham, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop., 2,46-2. Cheltenham, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. E. of Shoemakertown on the North Pennsyl- vania R. R. Chemnng, co. in N. Y., S. part; borders on Pa. Area, 520 sq. mis. Pop., 35,281 ; in 1860, 26,917. The surface is hilly, and in the mean lies 1,000 ft. above the sea level. The largest stream is the Chemung R., whicli traverses the CO. from N. W. to S. E., and receives Cayuta Cr. Along the water-courses extend alluvial bottom-lands of great fertility, but the up- lands are also productive. The co. is inter- sected by the Erie R. R. and the Northern Central R. R. Elmira is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wlieat, 162,434 bush.; rye, 13,547 bush.; Indian-corn, 215,305 bush.; oats, 480,161 bush.; Irish pot's, 13S,573 bush.; wool, 48,983 lbs.; cheese, 49,110 lbs.; butter, 1,203,401 lbs.; hay, 50,066 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,714,795. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $-2,275,058. Value of manufactures, $5,9-25,- 471. Chemung, tn. in McHenry co.. 111. Pop., 2,2-22. Chemung, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chi- cago & Northwestern R. E., 3 mis. W. of Har vard. Chemung, tn. in Chemung co., N. Y. Pop. 1,907. Chemung, p. v. in the above tn., on the Che« niung R. and the Erie R. R., 13 mis. S. E. of Elmira. Chemung Centre, p. v. in Chemung co., N. Y., 7 mis. N. of Chemung. Chenango, co. in N. Y., central part. Area about 650 sq. mis. Pop., 40,564 ; in 1860, 40,9Si. The Unadilla R. forms the E. boundary, and joins the Susquehanna R., which intersects the S. E. corner. The Chenango B. flows from N. to S. through the central part of the CO.; Otselic and Genegantelet Rs. drain the western part. The surface is broken, hilly and elevated, forming part of the Appalachian Plateau. The soil is "on the whole produc- tive ; that of the river bottoms very fertile. The Chenango Canal, from Binghamton to Utica, follows through the co. the valley of the Chenango R. Norwich is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 19,418 bush.; rye, 5,212 bush.; Indian-corn, 228,921 bush.; oats, 584,429 bush.; Irish pot's, 398,045 bush.; maple sugar, 397,570 bis.; wool, 117,546 lbs.; cheese, 280,114 lbs.; butter, 5,319,814 lbs.; hay, 183,291 tons. Cash value of farms, $27,048,542. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $7,030,507. Value of manufactures, $2,-237,807. Chenango, tn.in Broome co., N. Y. Pop., 1,680. Chenango, v. in the above tn., on the Syracuse & Binghamton R. R., 7 mis. N. of Binghamton. Chenango, p. o in Lawrence CO., Pa. Chenango Bridge, p. o. in Broome CO., N Y. Chenango Forks, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., at the junction of the Chenango and the Tioughnioga Rs., on the Chenango Canal and the Syracuse & Binghamton R. R., 11 mis. N. of Binghamton. Chenango River, a tributary of the Susque- hanna R., in N. Y.; rises in Oneida co., flows S. S. W. through Madison and Chenango cos., and joins the Susquehanna in Broome co. It is about 100 mis. long. Cheney's Grove, tn. in McLean co.. 111. Pop., 1,164. Cheneyville, p. v. In Rapides parish. La., on the Bayou Boeuf and 18 mis. S. S. E. of Alex- andria. Chengwat»na, tn.in Pine co.,Minn. Pop., 90. Chengwatana, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Snake R., and l]4 mle. E. of Pine City. Chenicre, p. o. in Ouachita parish, La. Cheningo, p. o. in Cortland co., N. Y. Chenoa, tn. in JIcLean co.. 111. Pop., 2,351. *Chenoa, p. v. in the above tn., at the intersec- tion of the Chicago & Alton R. R. with the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., 12 mis. W. of Fairbnrg and 23 mis. N. E. of Bloomington. One newspaper. Chepaehet. p. v. in Providence co., B. 1., 18 mis. W. N. W. of Providence. Chepultepec, ]i. o. in Blount co., Ala. Chequist, p. o. in Davis co., Iowa. Chcquest, tn. in Van Buren co., Iowa. Pop., 9(;7. *Cheraw, p. v. in Chesterfleld district, S. C, on the Great Pedee R., and on the Cheraw & Dar- lington R. R., 40 mis. N. of Florence. Some cotton is shipped here. One newspaper. Cher i no, p. o. in Nacogdoches co., Tex. Cherokee, CO. in Ala., E part. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 11,132; in 1860, 18,360. The co. borders on Georgia,and is traversed by several ranges of low hills, trending chiefly from N. to S. The Coo.sa R. flows through the cen- tre of the CO. from N. to S. in a low and very fertile vallej% The more elevated por- tions are covered with a line growth of tim- ber. Centre is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 68,510 bush.; rye, 568 bush.; CHEROKEE. 201 CHERRYSTONE. Indian-corn, 231,946 bush.; oats, 27,683 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,93S bush.; sweet pot's, 24,675 bush.; butter, 83,785 lbs.; cotton, 1,807 bales ; hay, 510 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,267,036. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, includinf? additions to stock, etc., $565,- 213. Value of manufactures, |c290,'233. Cherokee, co. in Ga., N. W. central'part. Area 405 sq. mis. Pop., 10,399; in 1860,11,291, It Is Intersected by the Etowah K., by whose tribii- taries it is also drahied. The surface is rolling, and the soil of the valleys very fertile. Canton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "Wheat, .59,064 bush.; rve, 764 bush.; In- dian-corn, 168,5-'9 bush.; oats, 22,786 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,034 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,911 bush.; butter, 53,797 lbs.; cotton, 347 bales; hay, 60 tons. Cash value of farms, $704,048. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $391,- 641. Value of manufactures, $71,392. Clierokee, co. in Iowa, N. W. part. Area, 576 «(i. mis. Pop , 1,967 ; in 1860, 58. The sur- face Droken, forming a part of the "Coteau des Prairies, "an extensive table-land entering the state from the N. Woods are only found along the banks of the streams. The co. is drained by the Little Sioux R. and its tribu- tary, the Mud R., which have a southerly course. Cherokee is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 10.797 bush.; Indian- corn, 21,896 bush.; oats, 6,-584 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,178 bush.; butter, 30,775 lbs.: hay, 4,277 tons. Cash value of farms, $401,025. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $182,680. Value of manu- factures, $9,052. Cherokee, co. in Kans.. forms the S. E. corner of the state. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 11,038. It bounds in the E. on Missouri and in the S. on the Ind. Ter. The surfadfe is rolling and consists of prairies ; the soil is fertile. The CO. is drained by the Neosho R. and Willow Cr. Tlie former intersects the western part, the latter the eastern, and both flow from N. to S. The Missouri R., Ft. Scott & Gulf R. R., Eass through the co. from N. to S. Colum- ns is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 53.792 bush.; rye, 1,454 bush.; Indian- corn, 291,916 bush.; oats, 68,059 bush.; Irish pot's, 25,609 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,427 bush.; butter, 95,340 lbs.; hay, 18,883 tons. Cash value of farms, $131,428. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $848,675. Value of manufactures, $210,860. Cherokee, co. in N. C, forming the western extremity of the state. Area about 975 sq. mis. Pop., 8,080: in 1860, 9,166. The Unaka Mts. form the N. W. boundary, and their spurs and outlying chains occupy a large part of the surface of this co. Tlie Little Tennessee R. forms part of the N. boundary, and receives Cheowah Cr. The Hiawassee R. traverses the southern part of the co. Valley R., Brass- town Cr., and Notley R. are its principle af- fluents. The valleys of the Hiawassee and Little Tennessee are separated by the Long Ridge and Valley River Mts. The co. contains much land which is well adapted to grazing. Murphey is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: \Vheat, 3,628 bush.; rye, 8.8.30 bush.; Indian-corn, 162,529 bush.: oats, 18,098 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,702 bush.; sweet pot's, 8, .588 bush.; butter, 58,867 lbs.; tobacco, 19,302 lbs.; hay, 560 tons. Cash value of farms, $480,909. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $203,- 743. Value of manufactures, $17,272. Cherokee, co. in Tex., E. part. Area l.loOsq. mis. Pop., 11,079 : in 1860, 12,098. The Neches R. forms the western boundary, the Ange- lina, a tributary of the Neches, the eastern. The surface is slightly undu lating, and plea- santly diversified by fertile prairies and for- ests ; the latter grow mostly along the streams. Rusk is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,877 bush.; rye, 124 bush.; Indian-corn, 292,181 bush.; oats, 9,873 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,140 bush.; sweet pot's, .30,2,30 bush.; cotton, 5,185 bales ; butter, 25,480 lbs. Cash value of farms, $465,947. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $660,298. Value of manufactures, .$5,950. Cherokee, p. v. in Colbert co., Ala., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 17 mis. W. of Tuscumbia. Cherokee, p. v. in Butte co., Cal., 9^ mis. N. of Oroville. Cherokee, tn. in Cherokee co., Iowa. Pop., 719. Cherokee, p. v. in the above tn., on the Iowa Division of Illinois Central R. R., 75 mis. W. of Fort Dodge. It lies in a rich farming dis- trict. Two newspapers. Cherokee, tn. in Cherokee co., Kans. Pop., 370. Cherokee, p. v. in Crawfor(l co., Kans., on the ISIissouri R., Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., 37 mis. from Fort Scott. Cherokee, p. o. in Lawrence co., Kv. Cherokee, p. o. in San Saba co., Tex. Cherokee City, p. o. in Benton co.. Ark. Cherokee Mills, p. o. in Cherokee co., Ga. Cherry, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 903. Cherry, tn. in Sullivan co.. Pa. Pop., 1,701. Cherry Box, p. o. in Shelby co.. Mo. Cherry Camp, p. v. in Harrison co., W. Va., on the Parkersburg Branch ot Baltinrore & Ohio R. R. Cherry Creek, p. o. in Arapahoe co., Colo. Cherry Creek, p. o. in Woodson co., Kans. Cherry Creek, p. v. in Pontotoc co.. Miss., 9 mis. N. of Pontotoc, the co. seat. Cherry Creek, tn. in Chautauqua co. , N. Y., Pop., 1,359. Cherry Creek, p. v. in the above tn., lO^^mls. N. of Kennedy on the Erie R. R. Cherry Held, "tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 1.7'>0. *Cherryfield, p. v. in the above tn., 27J^ mis. from Machias. Cherryfleld, p. o. in Transylvania co., N. C. Cherry Flats, p o. in Tioga co., Pa., 10 mis. S. W. of Mansfield. Cherry Fork, p. v. in Adams CO., Ohio, 14 mis. from IManchester. Cherry Grove, p. o. in Grant co.. Ark. Cherry Grove, tn. in Carroll co.. 111. Pop., 1,154. Cherry Grove, p. o. in Fillmore co., Minn. Cherry Grove, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 884. Cherry Grove, p. v. in Schuyler co., Mo., on Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska R. R., 5 mis. E. of Lancaster. Cherry Grove, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, 10 mis. from Cohimbia. Cherry Grove, tn. in Warren co., Pa. Pop., 61. Cherry Grove, p. o. in Washington co., Tenn. Cherry Grove, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. Cherry Grove, p. o. in Pendleton co., W. Va. Cherry Hill, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., 4^ mis. N. of Elkton. Cherry Hill, p. o. in Calhoun co., Miss. Cherry Hill, p. o. in Platte co., Nebr. Cherry Hill,tn. in Indiana co.. Pa. Pop.. 1,976. Cherry Hill, p. v. in Erie CO., Pa., 3 mis. W. of Keepville. Cherry Iiane, p. o. in Allegh.any co., N. C. Cherry I^o^, p. o. in Gilmer co., Ga. Cherry Point City, p. o. in Edgar co.. 111. Cherry Ridge, tn. in Wayne co., Pa. Pop., 1.101. Cherry Rid;^e, p. o. in the above tn. Cherry Run Depot, p. v. in Morgan co. , W . \ a., on the Potomac R. and the Baltimore & Ohio R. R.. 12 nils. N. of Martinsburg. Cherry Spring:, p. o. in Gillespie co., Tex. Cherrystone, p. v. in Northampton co., Va., 37 mis. from Norfolk. Is a port of entry. CHERRY TREE. 202 CHESTER. Cherry Tree, v. in Indiana co., Pa. Pop., 360. Cherry Tree, tn. in Venango co., Pa. Pop , 2,3-26. Cherry Tree, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. nonrPctrolouin Centre. Cherry Vale, p. o. in Montgomery co., Kans. Cherry Valley, p. o. in Cross co.,"Ark. Cherry Valley, tn. in Winnebago co., 111. I'op.. 1,4-21. •Cherry Valley, p. v. in the above tn., on the Gulenii Division of the Chicago & Northwest- ern R. R., 84 mis. "\V. of Chicago. It is an ag- ricnUunvl town. Cherry Valley, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., 4 mis. S. \\'. of Worcester. Cherry Valley, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 2,3:57. Cherry Valley, p. v. in the above tn., ISJ^ mis. S. W. of Fort Plain. C'herry Valley, tn. in Ashtabnla co., Ohio. Pop., 7-26. Cherry Valley, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. W.of Kspyville, Pa. Cherry Valley, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., 6 mis. S. E. of Cardville on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis II. B. Cherry ville, p. o. in Crawford co.. Mo. Cherry vllle, p. v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., 4^ mis. N. of Flcmiiigton on the Belvidere, Dele- ■ware & Flemington K. R. Cherryville, p. v. in Gaston co., N. C, on the Western Division of the Wilmington, Char- lotte & Rutherford R. R., 13 mis. N. W. of Charlotte. Cherryville, p. v. in Northampton co.. Pa., near the Lehigh anil Susquehanna R. B. Chesauing:, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,.')07. Chesaning', p. v. in the above tn., on the Shia- wassee K. and the Jackson, Lansing & Sagi- naw R. R., '21 mis. S. E. of Siginaw. It has much lumber trade and one newspaper. Pop., 7-21. Chesapeahe, p. v. in Lawrence co., Mo., 10 mis. Irom Logan. Chesapeake, tn. in Elizabeth City co., Va. Pop., -2,70;!. Chesapeake, tn. in Matthews co., Va. Pop., 1,700. Chesapeake Kay enters Va. bet-^veen C. Charles and C. Henry, and extends N. into Md. It is over 200 nils, long, and its width varies from .5 to 40 nils. Its shores are deeply indented by bays and the estuaries of numer- ous striiims. Tlic largest affluents are the Susf|U('hani)a, Paul uxcnt, Potomac, Rappahan- nock, York and .James Rs. The area drained by the li. is estimated at over 70,000 sq. mis. ■"Chesapeake City, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., mis. S. ((f Elkton. It is the western terminus of the Delaware & Chesapeake Canal. Pop., 1,00S. Cheshire, co. in N. H.; forms the S. W. part of the state. Area about 775 sq. mis. Pop., 27,- 205; in 1800, 27,431. The Connecticut R. forms the W. boundary. The Ashuelot intersects the CO. trom N. toS. W., and receives within it numerous tributaries. The Contoocook rises in the south-eastern part. The surface is broken and hilly, and several mountains of considerable elevation rise in this co., as the Grand Monadnock Mts. and the Ashuelot Mts. The most fertile portion is the valley of the Connecticut ; the soil is generally productive. The Cheshire II. R. intersects the co. from S. E. to N. \V., and from it branches oil' the Ash- uelot R. R., to the S. W. Keeno is t he co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5,3<'.;i bush.; rve, 7,10.')busli.; oats,' 104,001 bush.; Indian-corn, 14(i,OlO bush.; Irish pot's, 263,791 bush.; butter, .531,601 lbs.; hay, 56,975 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,151,491). Total, estimated, value of all farm in-oductions, including additions to stock, etc., $l,895,96ii. Value of manufactures, $5,910,774. Cheshire, tn. in New Haven co.. Conn. Pop., 2,344. ^Cheshire, p. v. in the above tn., near the Ne-w Haven & Northampton R. R., 15 mis. N. of Ne-vv Haven. It has several manufactories. Cheshire, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 1,758. Cheshire, p. v. in the aT)Ove tn., on the Pitts- lield & North Adams R. R., 4 mis. N. of Berk- shire. It has manufactories. Cheshire, tn. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., 1,443. Cheshire, p. o. in the above tn. Cheshire, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., 5 mis. S. of Canandaigua and 1]4 mle. W. of Cayuga Lake. Cheshire, tn. in Gallia co., Ohio. Pop., 1,893. Cheshire, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ohio R., 7 nds. lielow Pomeroy. Pop., 270. Chesniit Station, p. o. in McCracken co.,Ky. Chest, tn. in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 870. Chest, tn. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop., 1,178. Chest, p. o. in the above tn. Chestatee Kiver, .a small tributary of the Chattahoochee R., in Lumpkin co., Ga. Chester, p. o. in Jetfersou co., Ala. Chester, tn. in Dallas co.. Ark. Pop., 510. Chester, tn. in Desha co., Ark. Pop., 260. Chester, p. o. in the above tn. Chester, tn. in Middlesex co.. Conn. Pop., 1,094. Chester, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. of East Haddam. Chester, tn. in Logan co.. 111. Pop., 2,677. *Chester, p. v. ami the co. seat of Randolph CO.. 111., on the Mississippi R., 31 mis. S. W. of Pincknej-ville by R. 11. It is a flourishing place ; has considerable river trade in agri- cultural products, coal, iron and lead. Pop., 1,615. Two newspajirrs. Chester, tn. in'Wabash co., Ind. Pop., 3,143. Chester, p. o. in \Va\neco., Ind. Chester, tn. in Wells co., Ind., Pop., 1,212. Chester, tn. in Howard co., Iowa. Pop., 3'24. Chester, p. v. in the above tn., on the Milwau- kee & St. Paul R. R., 16 mis. N. W. of Cresco. Chester, tn. in Poweshiek co., Iowa. Pop., Chester, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ivans. Chester, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 350. Chester, p. o. in tin; above tn., on the Penob- scot R. and 3 mis. N. of Lincoln Centre. Chester, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 1,253. Chester, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 18 mis. W. of Westfleld. Chester, "tn. in Eaton co., Jlich. Pop., 1,117. t'hester, p. o. in the above tn. Chester, tn. in Ottawa co., Mich. Pop., 1,405. Chester, p. o. in Olmstead co., Minn. Chester, tn. in Wabashaw co., Minn. Pop., 825. Chester, tn. in Rockingham co., N. U. Pop., 1,1,53. Chester, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. E. of Derry Depot on the Manchester & Lawrence R. R. Chester, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 2.586. Chester, tn, in Morris co., N. J. Pop., 1,74.3. Chester, p. v. in the above tn.; is the southern terminus of the Chester R. R., and lies 13X mis. W. of Morristown. Chester, tn. in Orange co., N. Y. Pop., 2,113. Chesler, p. v. in the above tn., on the Erie B. 11.. \V, nils. S. E. of Goshen. Chester, tn. »i Warren co., N. Y. Pop., 2,3-29. Chester, tn. in Clinton co., Oliio. Pop., 1,173. Chester, tn. iii Geauga co., Ohio. Pop., 727. Chester, tn. in Meigs co., Ohio. Pop., 1,656. Chester, i>. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. E. of Pomeroy, ^^op., 17-2. Chester, tn. in Morrow co., Ohio. Pop., 1,073. Chester, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. Poji., 1,921. Chester, tn. in Delaware co.. Pa. Pop., 10,937. *Chester, <'ity in the above tn., on the Phila- delphia, Wilmington & Baltimore B. B., 12 CHESTER. 203 CHESTER VALLEY. mis. S. "W. of Pliiladelphia. It lies near tlie Delaware R., and lias several manufactories of cars, cotton goods and woollen goods. It is the oldest town of tlie state, having been settled by the Swedes in 1G43. Pop., 4,485. Five newspapers. Chester, eo. in Pa., S. E. part, bordering on Md. and Del. Area 740 sq. mis. Pop., 77,805 ; In 1860, 74,578. It is bounded on the N. K. by the Schuylkill R., on the "W. partly by the Octoraro Or., and on the E. partly by Brandy- wine Cr., which rises in the eo. and drains the central jjart. The Schuylkill R. receives Pi- geon Cr., French Cr. and Pickering Cr. White Clay Cr., a tributary of the Brandy wine, and Elk Cr., Avhich empties into the N. E. extrem- ity of Chesapeake B., drain the S. E. part. Tiie surface is rolling and pleasantly diversi- fied by fertile valleys. The ridge of Welsh JNIt. trends near the "N. W. botindary. The co. abounds in rare and useful minei'als, as kao- lin, titanium, zircon, agate, bei'yl, etc.; roof- ing slate, marble, zinc, lead and silver are found, but the most important mining pro- duct is iron. The co. is intersecteil by the Pennsvlvania Central 11. R.. the Clu-stcr Valley R. R., the West Chester & Philaib-Iphia R. R., theBrandywine&Waynesburgh R. R., and the Philadelphia & Baltiiiiore Central R. R. West Chester is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 753.803 bush.; rye, 12,481 bush.; oats, 1,034,430 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,. 540,125 bush.; Irish pot's, 404,363 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,076 bush.; butter. 2,84S,243 lbs.; hay, 114,820 tons. Cash value of farms, $46,737,688. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $8,554,928. Value of manufuef ures, $11,494,543. Cliester, district in S. C, N. part. Area, 570 sq. mis. Pop., 18,805 ; in 1860, 18,122. It lies be- tween the Wateree R. in the E. and Broad R. in the W., and is drained by their affluents, Sandy Cr.. Fishing Cr., and Rocky Cr. The surface is hilly and the soil fertile. 'The Char- lotte & South Carolina R. R. intersects the district from N. to S., and the King's Moi^n- tain R. R. branches olf from it at Chester Court House, the co. seat, in a northerly di- rection. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wlieat, 33,210 bush.; rye, 7 bush.; Indian-corn, 169,379 bush.; oats, 22,496 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,921 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,464 bush.; cotton, 7,042 bales ; butter, 96,207 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,449,- 799. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,060,860. Value ot manufactures. $268,429. Chester, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 2,052. *Chester, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rut- land & Vermont Valley R. R., 14 mis. N. of Bellows Falls and on the Connecticut R. Chester, tn. in Chesterfield co., Va. Pop., 2,313. Chester, p. v. in Chesterfield co., Va., 12 inls. by railroad S. of Richmond. Chester, tn. in Dodge co., Wis. Pop., 1,876. Chester Centre, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., 4 mis. E. of Chester. Chester Court House, or Chesterville, p. V. and the co. seat ot Chester disti'ict, S. C, at the junction of the Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta R. R. with the Kings Mountain R. R.. 45 mis. S. W. of Charlotte, N. C, and 151 mis. N. E. of Augusta, Ga. It lies in a cotton-growing district. One newspaper. Pop. of tn., 944. Chester Cross Roads, p. v. in Geauga co., Ohio, 10 mis. from Willoughby . Chesterfield, p. v. in New Loudon co., Conn., 8 mis. N. W. of New London. Chesterfield, p. v. in Macoupin Co., 111., 6 mis. from Carlinville. Chesterfield, v. in Green co., Ind., 8 mis. from Burnsiile. Chesterfield, p. v. in Madison co., Ind., on the Indianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 34 mis. from Winchester. Pop., 203. Chesterfield, tn. in Hampshire CO., Mass. Pop., 811. Chesterfield, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of Williamsburg. Chesterfield, tn. in Macomb co., Mich. Pop., 2,17.5. Chesterfield, tn. in Cheshire co,, N. H, Pop., 1.289. Chesterfield, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. S. W. of Keene. Chesterfield, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 1,748. Chesterfield, tn. in Esses co., N. Y. Pop., 2,795. Chesterfield, tn. in Fulton co., Ohio. Pop., 926. Chesterfield, v. in Morgan co., Ohio. Pop., 282. Chesterfield, co. in S. C, N. E. part. Area, 868 sq. mis Pop., 10,584 ; in 1860, 11,834. It is bounded on the E. by the Pedee R.; in the W. liy Lvnch's Cr., and "in the S. partly by Cedar Cr. Deep Cr. and Black Cr., tributaries of tho Pedee, drain the district. The surface is diver- sified by gentle hills and undulations, and the soil is productive, though sandy. The Cheraw & Carolina R. R. intersects the E. part of the district from N. to S. Chesterlleld Court Hoitse is the co. seat. Agr. j^roductions in 1870: Wheat, 21,921 bush.; rye, 3,038 bush.; In- dian-corn, 118.129 bush.; oats, 22,550 bush.; Irish pot's, 10 188 bush.; sweet pot's, 52,732 bush.; cotton. 2,457 bales ; butter, 33,245 lbs.; rice, 1,785 lbs. Cash value of farms, $752,373. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $692,791. Value of manufactures, $126,223. Chesterfield, co. in Va., S. E. part. Area about 320 sq. mis. Pop., 18,470 ; in 1860, 19,016. It occupies the country between the James and Appomattox Rs., which join at its eastern extremity. Swift Cr., a tributary of the A\>- pomattox. rises near the western border and flows through the center. The surface is un- dulating and the soil but moderately produc- tive, except in the river-bottoms. Chesterfield Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870. Wheat, 46,403 bush.; rye, 708 bush.; Indian-corn, 150,485 bush.; oats, 74,475 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,543 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,580 bush.; tobacco, 194,510 lbs.; butter, 62,833 lbs.; hay, 658 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,315,069. To"tal, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $130,- .588. Value of manufactures, $1,522,928. Chesterfield Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of Chesterliold di.>^trict S. C, on Thomp- son's Cr., and 10 mis. W. N. W. of Cheraw. Chesterfield Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of Chesterfield co., Va., 13 mis. S. S. W. ol Richmond. Chesterfield Factory, p. o. in Cheshire CO., N. H., 9 mis. S. W. of Keene. ^Chester Hill, p. v. in Morgan co., Ohio, 14 mis. S. of McConnellsville. Pop., 354. Chester River, in Maryland, forms the boundary between Kentaiid Queen Anne cos., and empties into Chesapeake B. Chester Spring's, p. v. in Chester co.,Pa., 1]4 mis. N. W. of PlicBuixville on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R. Chester Station, p. v. in Dodge co.. Wis., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 17 mis. S. E. of Fond du Lac. *Chesterton, p. v. in Porter co., Ind., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 41 mis. from Ciiieago. Pop. about 500. *Chestertown, seaport and the co. seat of Kent CO., Md., on the N. bank of the Chester R. *Chestertown, p. v. in Warren co., N. Y., 12 mis. N. of Warrensburg. Chester Valley, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on the Cliester Valley Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 's]4 mis. W. of Norristown. CHESTERVILLE. 204 CHICAGO. Chestervllle, tn. in Franklin co., Me. Pop., l.OU. Chesterville, p. o. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. K. of Farmington. Cliestcrville, p. o. in Kent co., Md. Chesterville, id. o. in Lee co., Miss. Cliesterville, v. in Albany co., N. Y. Pop., ■247. Tlie p. o. is Westeilo. ♦Chesterville, p. v. in Morrow co., Ohio, 15 nils, from Gilead. Pop.,'Wi. Cliesterville, p. o. iu Cliestor co., Pa. Chestnut, tn. in Knox co., 111. Pop., 1,144. Chestnut Bluffs, p. o. in Crockett co., Tenn. Chestnut Creek, p. o. and the co. seat of Baker co., Ala., '27 mis. N. N. W. of Mont- ixonievy. Chestnut Fork, p. o. in Bedford co., Va. Chestnut Grove, p. o. in Shelby co., Ky. Chestnut Grove, p. o. in Bates co.. Mo. Chestnut Grove, p. o. in Gallia cf)., Ohio. Chestnut Grove, ;). o. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Chestnut Grove, p. o. in Chester district, S C. Chestnut Hill, p. o. in Washington co., Ind. Chestnut Illll, p. o. iu Laurel co., Ky. Chestnut Hill, p. o. in Harford co.. Md. Chestnut Hill, p. o in Middlesex co., Mass. Chestnut Hill, tu. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., l,41!i. Chestnut Hill, p. o. in Somerset CO., Pa. Chestnut Hill, ii. o. in .Jefferson co., Tenn. Chestnut I^evel, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., 17 nils. S. of Lancaster, the co. seat. Chestnut Mountl, p. o. iu Smith co., Tenn. Chestnut Kidge, p. o. in St. Genevieve co.. Mo. Chestnut Rul^e, p. o. in Dutchess Co., N. Y. Chestnut Ilidse, p. o. in Yadkin CO., N. C. Chestnut 9titl;;'e, p. o. in Lincoln co , Tenn. Chest Springs, p. bor. in Ctunbiia eo., Pa. Chesancook I^ake, in Piscataquis co., Me., is drained by tlie S. Branch of the Penobscot R.; it is about 25 mis. long and from 2 to 5 mis. wide. Cheteo, p. v. in Curry co., Oreg., on the sea coast, 39 mis. S. of Eliensberg. ♦Chetopah, p. v. in Labette eo., Kans., on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas K. R., 73 mis. from Ft. Scott. Pop., 9ii0. Two newspapers. Chetopah, tn. in Neo.sho eo., Kans. Pop., 821. Chetopah, tn. in Wilson co., Kans. Pop., 5S0. Cheviot, p. V. in Hamilton co.,Ohio, 6 mis. from Cincinnati. Chen-.illa Mills, p. o. in Mai-shall co.. Miss. Chew's I^andinj^, p. v. in Camden co., K. J. X\4 ™l^- '^^ t)f Camden. Chew.sville, p. v. in Washington co., Md., 5 mis. K. of Hagerstown. Cheyenne Asencyj p. o. in Todd co.. Dak. ♦Cheyenne City, tlie capital of Wyo. Ter. and CO. seat of Laramie co., on the Union Pacific 11. R., 51() mis. W. of Omaha. It lies near the Black Hills ; was settled in 1867, and is now a prosperous place with 1,450 inhabit- ants. In the vicinity coal and iron are found, ■ and the mountains s'upply lumber. The city may be reached by the Denver Pacific R. R., by which it is 427 mis. W. of Kansas City, Mo. Three newspapers. Chey ney, p. v. in Delaware co.. Pa., G% mis. E. of West Chester. Chibalis, co., in Wash. Ter. •Chicago, city, port of entry and the co. seat of Coolv CO., ill.; is the metropolis of the state and of the north-western part of the Union. It lies on the S. W. coast of Lake Michigan, in 42° N. lat., and 87° 37' W. long. The first white man who visited the spot where the city now stands was Father Marquette, the devoted French missionary. In 1795 the United States government obtained from the Indians G acres of grouuil for the erection of a stockaile fort, which was to atford protection to the fur traders. In 181'2 the fort was burnt down by the Indians, and the garrison massacred, though safe conduct had been promised. Sub- sequently another fort was erected on the same spot, whicli was known as Fort Dear- born. During the Black Hawk war (in 1S52) General Scott came with troops and some traders, and settlers followed him. The first white child was born in 1S32. In 1837 Chicago "was incorporated as a city with 4,170 inhabi- tants. Since then the growth has been most rapid, and far exceeded that of any other city in the country. In 1850 the population was 29,963 ; in 18G0, 112,172, and in 1870, 293,977, of whom 295,281 were white, and 3,f>91 colored. With regard to nativity the ninth census re- port gives the following statistics. The na- tives of the United States numbered 154,420 and ot foreign countries, 144,357. The last sura includes 52,316 Germans, 39,988 Irishmen, 10,- 02i!l!K),52(i,500 (!Js52,000,000 in build- ings and S133,5-2nrgh, p. v. in Talladega co., Ala., on the Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R., 20 mis. S. W. of Talladega. Childress' Store, p. o. in Montgomery co., Va. Childstown, p. o. in Turner co.. Dak. Chilesburgh, p. v. in Fayette co., Ky.,10 mis. 10. of Lexington. Ciiiiesbnrgh, p. o. in Caroline CO., Va. Chilhowee, p. o. in Blount cd., Tenn. Chilliowee, p. v. in Johnson co.. Mo., 14 mis. frDHi Warrensburg. Pop., 185. Chilhowic, tn. in Johnson co.. Mo. Pop., i,3i;2. Chili, V. in Calaveras co., Cal., 6 mis. N. AV. of St. Andreas. Chili, tn. in Hancock co., 111. Pop., 1,601. Chili, p. V. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Augusta. Chili, p. V. in Miami co., Ind., 7 mis. from Peru. Chill, tn. in Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 2,357. Chili, p. V. in the above tn., on the Central R. R., 1014 mis. W. of Rochester. Chili, p. V. in Coshocton co., Ohio, 10 mis. from Coshocton. Chillicothe, v. in Vermillion co.. 111., 10 mis. fi'OTn Catlin. The p. o. is Indianola. Chillicothe, tn. in Peoria Co., 111. Pop., 1,486. *ChiHicothe, p. v. in the above tn., on tho Peoria Hraneh of the Chicago, liock Island A Pacific H. R., IS mis. from Peoria. One news- paper. Chillicothe, p. v. in Wapello co., Iowa, on tho Burlington & Missouri R. B., 8 mis. N. W. of Ottuniwa. Pop., 211. Chillicothe, p. o. in Phillips co., Kans. Chillicothe, tn. in Livingston co., Mo. Pop., 2,118. CHILLICOTHE. 207 CHISMVILLE. -'Clilllicotbe, city in the above tn. and tlie CO. seat, on the Jlannibal & St. Joseph B. B., 130 mis. "W. of Qulncy, 111., and 2G mis. W. of Brookfleld ; and on the Chillioothe Branch of the North Missouri B. E. It has various manufactories, and is the center of trade for a rich farming and stock raising district. Pop., 3,978. Two newspapers. ♦CliUlJcothe, city and the co. seat of Eosa CO., Ohio, on the Scioto R., tlie Ohio & Brio Canal and the Marietta & Cincinnati B. B., 101 mis. E of Cincinnati an.ank of the Colorado R. Chocolay, tn. in Marquette co., Mich. Pop., 260. Choconut, tn. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. Pop., 939. Choconnt, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. W. of Monroe. Choconut Centre, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. Chocoville, p. o. in Sebastian co., Ark. Chocowinity, p. o. in Beaufort co., N. C. Choctaw, CO. in Ala., W. part. Area about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 12,676; in 1860, 13,877. The sur- face is undulating and in some parts level. Extensive tracts are covered Avith the long- leaved southern pine. The Tombigby R. forms the E. boundary, and several of its tributaries flow through the co. from W. to E. Butler is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 227,715 bush.; oats, 1,495 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,133 bush.; sweet pot's, 47,626 bush.; cotton, 6,439 hales ; butter, 29,146 lbs. Cash value of farms, $946,850. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $908,562. Value of manufactures, $56,592. Choctaw, CO. in Miss., N. central part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 10,988; in 18epot, p. v. in Amelia co., Va., on the Richmond, Danville & Piedmont R. R., 31 mis. S. W. of Richmond. Chnlafinnee, p. v. in Cleburnc'co., Ala. Chnlahoma, p. v. in Marshall co.. Miss., 15 mis. S. W. of Holly Springs; has a good female academy. Chnlasky, p. v. Sj Northumberland co.. Pa., on the Lackawanna & Bloomsburg R. R., and on the North Branch of the Susquehanna R., 8^ mis. N. E. of Northumberland. Chnnltey's Station, p. o. in Newton co., Miss. Chnrch, tn. in Wetzel CO., W. Va. Pop., 1,607. Chnrch Creeh, p. v. in Dorchester co., Md., 8 mis. S. W. of Cambridge, the co. seat. Chnrch Grove, p. o. in Knox co., Tenn. Churchill, p. o. in Ottawa co., Kans. Church Hill, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. Church Hill, p. v. in Queen Anne co., Md., 7 mis. S. E. of Chestertown. Chnrch Hill, p. o. in Jefferson co.. Miss. Churchill, co. in Nev., central part. Pop., 196. It includes the sink of the Carson R., which spreads itself out over a wide extent of low land, varying in area with the evapor- ating quality of" the atmo8])here ; and in the northern part the sink of the Humboldt R. The Carson Sink Mts., West Gate Mts., Clan Alpine Mts., and Desatoiya Mts. traverse the CO. from N. to S, The co. is rich in minerals. Carbinet of soda occurs near Ragtown ; sul- phur is also abundant, and the Sand Spring and Humboldt Salt Beds have an area of near- ly 20,000 acres. Silver ores have been found, but are not yet fully developed. Many quartz mills have been erected at great cost. Still- water is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 50 bush.; oats, 400 bush.; Irish pot's, 440 bush.; butter, 500 1V)S.; hay, 559 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,230. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., Si24,110. Church Hill, p. V. in Trumbull co.,Ohio., 3 mis. E. of Girard on the Mahoning Branch of the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. Churchill, v. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 159. Churchlantl, p. o. in Norfolk co., Va. Church Road, p. o. in Dinwiddle co., Va. Church's Corners, p. o. in Hillsdale co., Mich. ChurchtoTvn, p. o. in Columbia co., N. Y. Churchtown, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 20 mis. N. K. of Lancaster. Church View, p. o. in Middlesex CO., Va, Churchville, p. o. in St Landry parish. La. Church ville, p. v. in Harford co., Md., 6}^ mis. N. W. of Aberdeen. Churchville, p. v. in Monroe co., N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 141.^ mis. W. of Ro- chester. Churchville, p. o. in Bucks co.. Pa. Churchville, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., near the foot of North Mts., and 15 mis. N. W. of Staunton on the turnpike to Parkersburg. Churubnsco, p. o. in Franklin co„ Ala. Churubusco, p. v. in Whitley co., Ind., on the Detroit, Eel R. & Illinois R. R., 10 mis. E. N. B. of Columbia City. Churubusco, p. o. in Clinton co., N. Y.,on the Ogdensburg & Lake Champlain R. E., 7}4 ™J3> E. of Chateaugay. Cicero, tn. in Cook co.. 111. Pop., 1,545. Cicero, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ind,, on Cicero Cr. and the Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R., 6 mis. N. of Noblesville. Pop., 422. One news- paper. Cicero, tn. in Tipton co , Ind. Pop., 3,646. Cicero, p. o. in Madison co., Mont. Cicero, tn. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,502. Cicero, p. V. in the above tn. 10 mis. N. of Syra- cuse. Cicero, p. o. in Deflanoe co., Ohio. Cigarvllle, p. o. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Cimarron, p. v. a.nd the co. seat of Colfax oo., N. Mex. 48 mis. N. E. of Mora. CIMARRON RIVER. 210 CINCINNATI. Ciinnrron River. (See Red Fork of Arkansas K.) <'inciiina(i, p. v. in Wasliiugton co., Ai-k. Cincinnati, U\. in Tazewell co., 111. Pop., 758. Cincinnati, v. in Greene co., lud.,17 mis. from Bloonunfiton. Cincinnati, tn. in Harrison co.,Iowa. Pop., 447. Cincinnati, p. v. in Appanoose co., Iowa, 8 mis. from (Jentreville. Cincinnati, p. v. in Pawnee co., Nebr., 6 mis. S. \V. of Athens. •Cincinnati, city, port of enti-y and co. seat of Hamilton co., Ohio, is situated on the Ohio 11. 466 mis. below Pittsbur>;h, and 501 mis. above Cairo, 111. The first sottb'nient was made in 178S, and 12 years later it had 750 inhabitants. In 1819 Cincinnati was incorporated as a city ; in 1830 the Miami Canal was built, which freatly increased the prosperity of the citv. n 1840 the Little Miami R. R., the first of the many lines now centerine; here, was construct- ed and gave a new impulse to the growth of the city. In 1850 the population was 115,434; in 1860, 161, .44 and in 1870, '216,230. This nuiiiber Included the following nationalities: 130,627 natives of the United States ; 554 Austrians ; 49,446 Germans ; 3,524 Englishmen ; 18,624 Irish- men : 787 Scotchmen; 2,093 Frenchmen, and 1,175 British Americans. The site of the city is a semi-circular bot- tom rising in two terraces, respectively 50 ft. and 108 ft. above the river, and surrounlled on the E., N. and W. by the steep slopes or blulfs of the uplands, over 400 ft. high. These hills are now covered with splendid villas and gardens, which aflTord very beautiful views upon the city in the valley. The river front is 10 mis. long. The streets are laid out with great regularity and intersect each other at right angles. The business portion of the city is compactly built and occupies tlie part nearest the river. It contains many blocks of uni- formly handsome structures," built in various architectural styles, of much purity and ele- gance of design. The drab-colored freestone generally used for building purposes is quar- ried some 20 mis. above Cincinnati, near the river banks. The Ohio R. is spanned by the gi-eat sus- pension bridge, which connects Cincinnati with Covington, Ivy. It was fully ar- ranged jets of water attracts numerous" ad- mirers. It consists of bronae, and was cast in Munich, Bavaria. On the high hill to the E. of the citv is the famous I^den Park, which commands" magui- cent views of the citv, the river and the Ken- tacky shores, with the two cities of Coving, ton and Newport. It contains 160 acres and In- cludes the water-works. Wlien completed i», will rival the Central Park of New York in picturesque beauty. Washington Park is an attractive sj-)Ot oh the N. side of Twelfth streetj and Lincoln I'ark, on Freeman street, with Its fine avenues, its lake and island, is a favorite pleasure ground. Cincinnati has numerous charitable insti- tutions and associations, bearing witness of the great liberality of the citizens. The fol- lowing mav be meiitioned : The City Hospi- tal, on Twelfth street, completed in 1869; St. Luke's Hospital.on Franklin street and Broad- way ; Hospital of the Good Samaritan, on Lock and Sixth streets ; St. Mary's Hospital, on Belt's and Linn streets ; the "Jewish Hos- pital, on Baum and Third streets; the City Infirmary, a large and handsome establish- ment, over 8 mis. N. of the city; the Cincin- nati Orphan Asylum, on Auburn Hill. The Union Bethel is a prominent benevolent insti- tution, embracing several de]xxrtments : the Widows' Home ; the Homo for the Friendless ; the Women's Christian Association, and the Young Men's Christian Association, including a free reading-i'oom, music-room and conver- sation-room. The progress in manufacturing has been steady, and Cincinnati ranks in this respect with the great cities of the world. The cen- sus statistics, inclusive of Hamilton co., con- tain the following branches exceeding $1,000.- 000 in value: Bool sand shoes, $1,444,310 ; men's clothing, $8,.599,075; furniture, .$;},5St,782 ; forged and rolled iron, ^\ ,844,640 ; iron-castings, $1,602,- 228 ; leather, $2,053,949 ; distilled liquors. t^.TW,- 114; malt liquors, $3,299,400; machinery, $1,- 612,377; engines and boilers, $1,. 550, 116; p'acked pork, $9,172,280; animal oil, $1,544,843 ; printing and publishing, $2,366,100 ; soap and candles, $2,502,539 ; tin, copper and sheet-iron ware, $1,188,947, and cigars, $1,378,484. Cincinnati is one of the great comraercia. centers in the United States. The Ohio R connects it with the largest cities of the inte rior, and affords an uninterrupted water com munication with New Orleans and the Gulf of INlexico, while the Miami Canal connects it with Lake Erie, and further on with New York. In 1871 it iiad 113 steamboats, with 35,- 953 tons ; 111 barges, with 27,773 tons, and 199 canal boats, with 10,822 tons, making a total of 423 vessels, with 74,549 tons. It is the northern teruiinus of the Kentucky Central R. R.;the north-eastern terminus of the Ciuchinati & Louisville R. R.; the eastern terminus of the Ohio & Mississippi R. K.; the southern terminus of the Indianapolis, Cin- cinnati & Lafayette R. R.; of the Cincinnati & Indianapolis" Junction R. R.: of the Fort Wayne, Muncie & Cincinnati li. R.; of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R.; of the Dayton &, Michigan R. R.; of the Cleveland. Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R.; or the Miami Division of the Pittsburgh, Cincin- nati & St. Louis R. R., and of the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R.; and the western terminus of the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., and of the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. The educational and literary institutions of the city are numerous, and have attained a high degree of excellence. In 1871 it had 15 primary schools, with 175 teachers and 7,951 ])upils;"3 grammar schools, with ?8 teacher.s and 2,216 pupils ; 2 high schools, with 10 teach- ers ami 221 [jupils ; one evening school, witu 2 teachers anil 55 pupils, and one normal school, with 4 teachers and 34 ])Ui)ils, making a grand total of 38 public schools, with 536 teachers and 22,134 pupils. The number of children of CINCINNATUS. 211 CLAIBORNE. school age was 112,1:^5, of whom hut 29,670 were enrolled in Iho puhlic schools. The average attendance was •22,134. The follow- ing are the higher schools : Cincinnati Col- lege, which Avas founded as a regular col- lege, hut is now a law scliool ; the iledical Col- lege of Ohio ; the Miami Medical College ; I,ane Theological Seminary ; St. Xavier Col- lege (Jesuit) ; the Wesleyan Female College, and the German Catholic Institute. There are 61 newspapers and periodicals f)ublished here, of which the following puh- ish daily and weekly editions : " Gazette," "Commercial," " Tiriies & Chronicle," "En- quirer." "Star," "Courier," "Volksblatt" and "Volksfreund." The weekly press, aside from the dailies, is largely represented, the principal publications being tlte "W. C. Advo- cate," " C. Standard," " Herald & Presbyter," "Catholic Telegraph," "Journal & Messen- ger," " Star in the West," " Christian World" and "American C. Review." The "Ladies' Repository" and " Golden flours" are among the successful monthlies. The suburbs of Cincinnati extend far into the country, and contain numerous elegant private residences. Mount Auburn occupies the high hill N. of the city ; Clifton is several mis. further N., and is a'most beautiful col- lection of imposing mansions, surrounded by gardens and parks. Beyond Clifton is the Spring Grove Cemeter.y, lying in the valley of Mill Creek. It embraces 4.iO acres of ground, and is a masterpiece of landscape gardening. Cinoinnatns, tn. in Cortland co., N. Y. Pop., 1,1, V>. Cincinnatns, p. v. in the above tn., 17 mis. E. of Cortland Village. Cinitaniiiison, th. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 3,U'2. Ciiinaminson. p. v. in the above tn., near the Camden & Amboy P.. R.,9mls. N. E. of Camden. Cinque Homines, tn. in Perry co., Mo. Pop.. 2,910. Circle p. o. in Vermillion co., 111. Circle Hill, p. o. in Jackson co., Fla. Circleville, p. o. in Tazewell co.. III. Circleville, p. o. in Jackson co., Kans. Circleville, p. o. in Orange co., N. Y. Circleville, tn. in Pickaway co., Ohio. Pop., *Cjrcleville, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Cincinnati & Zanesville R. R., 64 mis. W. of Zanesville and 104 mis. E. of Cincin- nati, and on the Scioto R. and the Ohio & Erie Canal, 20 mis. X. of Chillicotlie. The city has numerous manufactories and mills, and is engaged in an extensive commerce. The aqueduct by which the canal crosses the river is an object of interest. Pop., 5,407. Three newspapers. Circleville, -p. o. in Williamson co., Tex. Circleville, p. o. in Loudon co., Va. Circleville, tn. in Pendleton CO., W. Va. Pop., 1,1 OS. Cisco, p. o. in Placer co., Cal. Cisne, p. V. ill Wayne co., lU. Cistern, p. o. in Fayette co., Tex. Citronelle, p. v. in Mobile co. Ala., on the Mobile & Ohio II. R., 33 mis. N. of Mobile. City, p. V. in Dutchess co., N. Y., 5 mis. from Ainenia. City Bluff, p. o. in Xodawav co.. Mo. City Island, p. o. in Westchester co., N. Y. City Point, p. o. in Brevard co., Fla. City Point, p. o. in Platte co.. Mo., in East Leavenworth, on the Missouri R., opposite Lea\^enworth Citj^, Kans., a mis. by R. R. S. W. of Platte City, the co. seat. City Point, p. v." in Prince George co., Va., at the junction of the James and Appomattox Rs., 34 mis. S. E. of Richmond and 10 mis. by the Appomattox R. R. N. E. of Petersburg. Large vessels with cargoes for Richmond laud liere. Civer, p. v. in Pulton co., 111., on the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., 5 mis. from Canton. Po]i., 25. Civil Bend, p. o. in Daviess co., Mo. Clackamas, co. in Oreg., X. part. Area, 1,925 sq. nils. Pop., 5,i>v13 ; in 1.S60, 3,4(56. It extends from the crest of the lofty Cascade Mts. in the E. to the valley of the Willamette R., and hence rapidly slopes toward the W. The larger part of the co. is occupied with the spurs of the Cascade ]Mts.; the eastern part only is a level and very low plain. This por- tion, which belongs to the Willamette R., is very fertile, but subject to inundations. Clackamas is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 4S,650 bush.; rye, 380 bush.; lu- dian-corn, 200 bush.; oats, 58,017 bush.; Irish pot's, 31,613 hush.; sweet pot's, 1,817 bush.; wool, 15,628 lbs.; butter, 46.935 lbs.; hay, 2,716 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,143,900. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $319,556. Value of manufactures, .$638,070. Clackamas, p. v. and the co. seat of Clacka- mas CO. Oreg., on the Oregon & California R. R., 11 mis. frcmi Portland. Clackamas River, tributary of the Willam- ette R.. in N. Oreg.; rises in the Cascade Mts. in Clackamas co., and empties into the Wil- lamette near Oregon City. Claaett, p. o. in Jefferson co., Mont. Claiborne, parish in La., N. part, bordering on Ark. Area, 1,100 sq. mis. Pop., 20,240; in 1860. 16,848. The surface is undiUating, and consists of prairies and pine forests. The soil is moderately productive. The E. part is drained by several forks of the Bayou d' Ai-- bonne The Bayou Dorcheat form's the W. boundary, and its tributaries drain the W. part of the co. Homer is the co. seat. Agr. firoduetions in 1870: Indian-corn, 475,374 bush.; rish pot's, 3,270 bush.; sweet pot's. 95,914 bush.; cotton, 14,900 bales ; butter, 20,835 llis. Cash value of farms, $1,494,346. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,936,546. Value of manufactures, $-268,315. Claiborne, co. in Miss., W. part ; borders on La. Area, 740 sq. mis. Pop., 13,386; in 1S60, 15,679. The surface is rolling, and descends in steep bluffs to the bottom-lands of the Missis- sippi R., which washes the W. border. The Big niaek R. forms the N. W. boundai-y, and the Bayou R., an affluent of the Mississippi R., flows through the co. from W. to E. Port Gibson is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 179,187 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,206 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,330 bush.; cotton, 14,776 bales ; butter, 20,193 lbs. Cash value of farms, $l,63>-i,.'j51. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$1,436,167. Claiborne, co. in Tenn., X. E. part, bordering on Va. Aroa, about 2.50 sq. mis. Pop., 9,321 ; in 1860, 9,643. The surface is elevated through- out. The S. E. part is occupied by several mountain ranges, among which Walden's Ridge and Chestnut Ridge may be mentioned. The W. and X. part is level and forms a sec- tion of the wide and fertile valley of Powell's R., which partly traverses this co. and partly bounds it on the S.; the Clinch 11. b.ounds it on the S. E. Rich iron mines are in operation. Tazewell is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat 33,901 bush.; rye, 1,125 bush.; In- dian-corn, 204,840 bush.; oats, 59,039 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,301 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,150 bush.; butter, 94,007 lbs.; hr.v, 399 tons. Cash value of farms, $979,459. Total, estim.*-.ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $254,175. Value of manufactures, $92,543. Claiborne, p. v. in INIonroe co., Ala., on the Alabama R., 200 mis. below Montgomery. Claiborne, p. v. in Jasper co., Miss., 28 mis. CLAIBORNE. 212 CLARION. 8. by E. of Newton on tho South Mississippi R. B. Claiborne, tn. in Union co., Oliio. Pop., 1,945. Claii-tielcl, p. o. in Claiborne co., Tenn. Cl.tire Springs, v. in Cedar co.. Mo., 15 mis. from Roscoe. Clairniont, v. in AVestcliester co., N. Y., near New York city. Pop., 158. ClairviHe, p. o. in Sonoma co., Cal. Clallam, co. in W.asli. Ter., N. VV. part. Area aljont -2,100 sq. mis. Pop., lOS; in 18(50, 149. It is bounded on the N. by the Strait of Juan de JTuca, and on the W. by tlie Pacific Ocean. Its N. W. extremity is Cape Flattery. The sur- face is broken and in some parts mountain- ous. Mount Olympus, which rises near its southern bound'arj', is S,\ZS feet above the sea level. The co. is drained by Dungeness R., Klkwah R., Camel R., Quiilchyats R. and Others. New Dungeness is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, S,63!5 busli.; oats, 4,435 bush.; Irish pot's, 33,782 bush.; buttei-, 19,7(i71bs.; bay, 1,086 tons. Cash value of farms, $103,675. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc.,$Sl,893. Clanio, tn. in Green co., Wis. Pop., 1,637. Clam Fall<4, p. o. in Polk co.. Wis. Clam Lake, p. v. in AVexford co., Mich., on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 96 mis. from Grand Rapids. Pop. about 300. One newspaper. Clan Alpine Monntains, a range Intersect- ing CliurchiU CO., Nev., from N. to S., near 118th meridian. Clance.y, p. v. in Jetfei-son co., Mont. Clanton, ]>. o. in I'.aker co., Ala. Claiiton, p. o. in INIadison eo., Iowa. Clapper, ^i. o. in Monroe co.. Mo. Clappvillc, V. in Worcester co., Mass., on tlie Boston & Albany R. R., 8 mis. S. W. of Wor- cester. Claquato, p. r. and co. scat of Lewis co.. Wash. Ter., 31 mis. R. of Olj^mpia. Pop., 147. Clara, tn. in Potter co.. Pa. Pop., 195. Clara, p. o. in the above tn. Clare, new co. in Mich.; lies in the central part of the southern peninsula. Area, 1,296 sq. nils. Pop., 366. The surface is undulating, and averages about 900 feet in height above the sea level. The Muskegon R. flows through the N. W. part of the co. The Clare R. and otlier tributaries of the Tittibawassee R. rise in it. The Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. passes through the co. from E. to W. Casli value of farms, $21,700. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $8,808. Clare, p. o. in Clare co., Mich. Claremont, tn. in Richland co.,Ill. Pop., 1,278. Claremont, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 6 mis. E. of 01ne^^ Pop., 120. Claremont, tn. in Dodge co.,Minn. Pop., .538. Claremont, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Wi- nona & St. Peter R. R., 29 nils. W. of Rochester. Claremont, p. o. in Nodaway co., Mo. Claremont, tn. in Sullivan'co., N. H. Pop., 4,or)3. ''^Claremont, p. v. in the above tn., near the Connecticut R., 3 mis. E. of the Vermont Cen- tial R. R., and 18 mis. N. of Bellows Falls. It has several extensive cotton and woolen mills. Five newspapers. Claremont Wharf, p. o. in Surry co., Va. *Clarence, p. v. in Cedar co., Iowa, on the Chi- cago & Northwestern R. R., 30 mis. W. of Do Witt. It is tho commercial centre of a rich farming and stock raising district. Pop., 726. One newspaper. ♦Clarence, )). v. in Shelby CO., Mo., on the Han- nibal <^ St. Joseph R. R., 59 mis. W. of Hanni- b:il. Pop., 444. Clarence, tn in Erie CO., N. Y. Pop., .3,147. Clarence, p. v. In the above tn., 3 mis. S. of East Clarence on theCanandaigua, Batavia * Ton. Branch of N. Y. Central R. R. Clarence Centre, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., on the Canandaigua, Batavia & Ton. IJranch ot K. Y. Central R. R., 3 mis. W. of E. Clarence. Clarendon, district in S. C, central part. Area about 690 sq. mis. Pop., 14,038; in 1860, 13,09.5. It is bounded on the S. and AV. by the Santee R., and on the N. by Lyncliis Cr., a tributary of the Pedee R. Black R. flo- treiu- ity, forming the MobUe R. There is much poor, sandy soil in the co., though some parts of it are quite fertile. Large portions ai e cov- ered with pine forests. Grove Hill is 1 le co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indiaii corn, 227,031 bush.; oats, 490 bush.; sweet pot's, 49,- 550 bush.; cotton, 5,713 bales; butter, 9,780 lbs.; hay, 60 tons. Cash value of farms, $156,165. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $840,- 160. Value of manufactures, $32,795. Clarke, CO. in Ga., N. central part. Area, 373 sq. mis. Pop., 12,941 ; in 1860, 11,218. The Apa- lachee R. forms the south-western boundary ; the Korth Fork and Middle Fork of the Oconee R. traverse the co. and join near its center. The sttrface is undulating and the soil productive. Watkinsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 18,103 bush.; rye, 230 bush.; Indian-corn, 134,951 bush.; oats, 27,o35bush,; Irish pot's, 2,516 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,112 bush.; cotton, 3.069 bales ; butter, 50,881 lbs.; hay, 12 tons. Casii value of farms, $871,100. Total, estimated, valu.j of all farm productions, including additiOMS to stock, etc., $601,369. Value of manufac; ures, $860,720. Clarke, co. in Ind., S. part. Area about 100 sq. mis. Pop., 24,116 ; in 1860, 20,502. The surface is mostly level, and the soil very fertde. lu the western part there is a line of low hills. The CO. borders in the S. E. on the Ohio R., aud is drained by Big Cr. and Silver Ci . Iron ore of a good quality, limestone, hydraulic cement and excellent sandstone, mucli used for building purposes, are its mineral treas- ures. Two branches of the Jetferso.iville. Madison & Indianapolis R. R. pass through the CO. from S. to N., terminating at Jefler- sonville, opposite Louisville. Charleslown is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 119,368 bush.; rye, 3,111 bush.; Indian-corn, 612,- , 192 bush.; oats, 136,295 bush.; Irish pol's, 1 03,- 206 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,010 bush.; butter, 224,- 376 lbs.; hay .9,020 tons. Cash value ol farms, $6,986,128. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, mcluding additions, to stock, etc., $1,101,173. Value of manufactures, $3,635,- 300, Clarke, p. o. in Randolph co., Ind. Clarke, co. in Iowa, S. part. Area, 432 sq. mis. Pop., 8,735 ; in 1860, 5,427. The surface is undu- latiug and consists mainly of prairies. The soil is fertile. South R., Squaw Cr., White CLARKE. 214 CLARK'S PRAIRIE. Breast R., triljutai-ies of tbe Des Moines, ancl Chariton R., rise In this co. and have a north- westerly and westei'ly course. Osceola is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1,S70 : Wheat, 125,31- l)ush.; rye, 1,646 bush.; Indian-corn, 374,- 588 bush.; oats, 129,595 bush.; Irish pot's 31,ai>, p. o. in Loudoun co., Va. Clark's Green, p. v. in Luzerne co.. Pa., on the Didaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 7 mis. N. of Scranton. Clark's Grove, p. v. in Freeborn co., Minn., s mis. N. of Albert Lea. Clark's Hill, )). v. in Tippecanoe CO., Ind., on the Indianaiiolis, Cincinnati & Lafayette R. R., 16 nils. S. K. of Lafayette. Clark's 9Iills, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., 9 mis. W. of Utica. Clark's Mills, p. o. in Moore co., N. C. Clark's Mills, p. o. in Mercer co., Pa. Clark's Mills, p. o. in Lexftigton district, s. c. Clark's Mills, p. v. in Manitowoc co., Wis., 15 mis. from i\Ianitowoc. Clarkson, tu. in Monroe co., K. Y. Pop., 1,884. Clarkson, p. v. in the above tn., 1^^ mle. H. of Brockport. Clarkson, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, 6 mis. from New Waterford. Clark's Prairie, the p. o. of Clarksburg, Daviess co.. Ind. CLAEKSTON. 215 CLAY. •Clarliston, p. v. in OaWand co., Mich., near the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R. and 7 mis. N. W. of Pontiac, the co. seat. It is surrounded by a large number of small lakes. Clarkstoii, p. o. in Cache co., Utah. ClarkstOTvn, tu. in Rockland co., N. Y. Pop., 4.137. darkstown, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat. 5 nils. S. of Haverstraw on the Hudson R. Claris stown, p. o. in Lycoming co., Pa. Ciarksville, p. v. and the co. seat of Johnson CO., Ark., 3 mis. K. of the Arkansas R., and on the proiected line of the Little Rock & Fort Smith R. R. Pop., 466. Clark^ville, p. v. in Kl Dorado co., Cal., 1)4 nils. E. of Folsom. Clarksville, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ind., 5 mis. E. of Noblesvillej the co. seat. Clarksville, v. in Clarke co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 1 mle. E. of New Albany. Clarksville, p. v. in Butler co., Iowa, on the Burlington, Codar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 15 mis. "N. E. of Janesville. It lies in a good agricultural district, has considerable trade and several manufactories, and publishes one newspaper. Clarksvillc, p. v. in Howard co., Md., 16 mis. S. W. of Ellicott City. Clark8ville, v. in Le Sueur co., Minn., oppo- site Henderson. Clarksville, p. V. in Pike CO., Mo., on the Missis- sippi R., 10 mis. below Louisiana. It has a large river commerce. Pop., 1,15'2. Two newspapers. Clarksville, p. v. in Merrick co., Nebr., on the Union Paciflc R. R., 1'21 mis. from Omaha. Clarksville, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 269. Clarksville, p. o. in the above tn. Clarksville, v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., on the Central R. R. of N. J., S]4 mis. N. W. of High Bridge. Clarksville, p. o. in Albany co., N. Y., on Catskill Cr. Clarksvillc, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 784. •Clarksville, p. v. in Clinton co.. Ohio, on the Cincinnati & Zanesville R. R., 46 mis. E. of Cincinnati. Pop., 389. Clarksville, p. o. in Baker co., Oreg. Clarksville, p. v. in Greene co.. Pa., on Ten Mile Cr.,4mls. \V. of Hillsborough. Clarksville, v. in Mercer co.. Pa., at the intei'- sectionof the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. with the Erie & Pittsburgli R. R., 33 mis. S. \V. of Meadville. Pop., 3.59. The p. o. is Transfer. *Clarksville, p. v. and the co. seat of Mont- gomery CO., Tenn.,on the Cumberlanrl R. and the Memphis & Louisville R. R., 35 mis S. W. of Russellville, Ky., and 17S mis. S. S. W. of Louisville. Its commerce is considerable. Pop., 3,200. Two newspapers. ♦Clarksville, p. v. and the co. seat of Red River co., Tex., 16 mis. S. of the Red River and 108 mis. N. W. of Shreveport, La. It lies in a good farming region, and ships lumber. One newspaper. Clarksville, tn. in Mecklenburg co., Va. Pop., 8,760. Clarksville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Roanoke R., near the confluence of the Dan and Staunton Rs., and 11 mis. S. W. of Boyd- ton, the CO. seat. The Roanoke Valley R. R., 2'2 mis. long, connects it with the Raleigh & Gaston R. R. Clarkton, p. v. in Dunklin co.. Mo., 18 mis. from Kennett. Clarktowii, p. o. in White co., Tenn. Clarno, y>. o. in Greene co.. Wis. Clary sville, p. o. in Perry co.. Mo. Clary ville, p. o. in Sullivan co., K. Y. Clatskanie, p. o. in Columbia co., Oreg. Clatsop, CO. in Oreg.; forms the N. W. corner of the state. Area, 1,080 sq. mis. Pop., 1,255; in 1860, 498. It is bounded on the \V. by the Paciflc Ocean, on the N. by the Columbia R., and on the S. by the Salmonberry R. A part of the CO. is occupied by hills and moderately high mountains belonging to the system of the Coast Ranges. Astoria is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 295 bush.; rye, 175 bush.; Indian-corn, 12 bush.; oats, 2,007 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,130 bush.; wool, 4,945 lbs.; butter, 23,115 lbs.; hay, 683 tons. Cash value of farms, .$164,710. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $.50,214. Value of manu- factures, S100.403. Claussville, p. v. in Lehigh co., Pa., 10 mis. W. of Allentown. Claverack, tn. in Columbia eo., N. Y. Pop., 3,671. Claverack, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hud- son & Boston R, R., 4}^ mis. E. of Hudson. Clay, CO. in Ala., E. part. Area about 650 sq. mis. Pop., 9,560. The surface is imdulating, and in the northern part hilly. The soil is generally fertile. This co. is' drained by a number of small Crs., which flow cither into the Coosa or the Tallapoosa. The Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R. crosses the N. W. corner of the CO. The co. seat is Ashland. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 38,422 bush.; rye, 324 bush.; Indian-corn, 196,886 bush.; oats, 17,- 005 bush.; Irish pot's, 28 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,297 bush.; cotton, 1,143 bales ; butter, 123,464 lbs. Cash value of farms, $453,791. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $593,139. Value of manufactures, $98,216. Clay, tn. in Bradley CO., Ark. Pop., 630. Clay, tn. in Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 357. Clay, tn. in Izard co.. Ark. Pop., 275. Clay, tn. in White co.. Ark. Pop., 517. Clay, CO. in Dak., S. part.. Pop., 2,621. It is bounded on the S. by the Missouri R. The sur- face is undulating. A line of bold blufi's ac- companies the bottom of the Missouri R. Ridge Cr. traverses the co. from N. to S. Ver- million is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5.5,602 bush.; Indian-corn, 29,476 bush.; oats, 41,016 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,668 bush.; butter, 74,2.50 lbs.; hay, 8,855 tons. Cash value of farms, $603,310. Total, estimated, value of all farm proeluctions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $184,203. Value of manu- factures, $55,720. Clay, CO in Fla., N. E. part. Area about 340 sq. inls. Pop., 2.098; in 1860, 1,914. It borders in the E. upon the St. John's R., and consists of low, level ground, fertile in some pa rts, un- productive in others. Green Cove Si^rlngs is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Oats, 1,'S80 bush.; Indian-corn, 13,188 bush.; Ii'ish pot's, 59 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,322 bush.; cotton, 58 bales: rice, 75 lbs.; butter, 805 lbs. Cash value of farms, $70,418. Total, estimated, value of all farm iiroductions, including additions to stock, etc., $34,844. Value of manufactures, $2,475. Clay, eo. in Ga., S. W. part. Area, 190 sq. mis. Pop., 5,493 ; in 1860, 4,893. It borders in the W. on the Chattahoochee R., which separates it from A la. The surface is generally level ; the soil is but moderately productive. Fort Gaines is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 295 bush.; rye, 173 bush.; Indian- corn, 85,014 bush.; oats, 4,417bnsh.; Irish pot's, 1,115 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,424 bush; cotton, 3,220 bales ; butter, 24,000 lbs. Cash value of farms, $491,581. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $513,654. Value ol manufactures, $132,180. Clay, CO. in 111., S. W. part. Area, 531 sq. mis. Pop., 15,875; in 1860, 9,336. The surface is un- dulating or level, and includes some prairie land ; the soil is fertile. Extensive tracts are covered with pine forests of deciduous trees. The Little Wabash R. flows through the co. from N. to S. E. and receives Elm Cr. and other small aflluents. The Ohio & Mississip- pi R. R. passes through the eo. from E. to W. CLAY. 216 CLAY. Louisville Is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 87,631 bush.; rye, 3,221 bush.; oats, 2(59,045 bush.; ludian-corn, l,019,9i)4bush.; Irish pot's, 41,297bush.; sweet pot's, 2,463 bush.; butter, 215,410 lbs.; hay, 12,963 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,581,916. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,175,541. Value of manufactures, $272,478. Clay, CO. in Ind., W. part. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 19,086; in 1860, 12,161. The surface is low and level, and the soil fertile. It is drained by the Eel R., which flows through it from N. to S. Iron and coal are abundant. The Terre Haute & Indianapolis R. R. passes through the go. from W. to E. and the Wa- bash & Erie Canal follows the course of the Eel R. Bowling Green is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 192,118 bush.; rye, 0,197 bush.; Indian-corn, 367,634 bush.; oats, 93,068 bush.; Irish pot's, 50,462 bush.; sweet pot's, 976 bush.; butter, 150,252 lbs.; hay, 10,558 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,790,525. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $839,311. Value of manufactures, $1,994,374. Clay, tn. in Bartholomew co., Ind. Pop., 778. Clay, tn. in Carroll co., Ind. Pop., 949. Clay, tn. in Cass co., Ind. Pop., 814. Clay, tn. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 1,269. Clay, tn. in Decatur co., Ind. Pop., 2,065. Clay, tn. in Hamilton co., Ind. Pop., 1,413. Clay, tn. in Hendricks co., Ind. Pop., 1,571. Clay, tn. in Howard co., Ind. Pop., 1,350. Clay, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 1,973. Clay, tn. in La Grange co., Ind. Pop., 1,248. Clay, tn. in Miami co., Ind. Pop., 972. Clay, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 1,234. Clay, tn. in Owen co., Ind. Pod., 1,284. Clay, tn. in Pike co., Ind. Pop., 747. Clay, tn. in St. Joseph co., Ind. Pop., 1,442. Clay, tn. in Spencer co., Ind. Pop., 1,385. Clay, tn. in Wayne co., Ind. Pop., 1,094. Clay, CO. in Iowa, N. W. part. Area, 570 sq. mis. Pop., 1,523; in 1860, 52. The surface is rocky and broken, forming a part of the "Coteau des Prairies." an extensive table- land in Minn, and northern Iowa. It is inter- sected by the Little Sioux R., a tributary of the Mississippi. The Lizzard R., an affluent of the Des Moines R., rises in the S. E. corner of the CO. Peterson is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 15,382 bush.; Indian- corn, 12,105 bush.; oats, 13,099 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,414 bush.; v/ool, 700 His.; butter, 2o,.")65 lbs.; hay, 3,684 tons. Cash value of farms, $173,215. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $77,- 163. Value of manufactures, $63,5'i3. Clay, tn. in Clay co., Iowa. Pop., 310. Clay, tn. in Grundy eo., Iowa. Pop., 329. Clay, tn. in Hardin co., Iowa. Pop., 1,391. Clay, tn. in Jones co., Iowa. Pop., 925. Clay, tn. in Harrison co., Iowa. Pop., 456. Clay, tn. in Marion co., Iowa. Pop., 1,372. Clay, tn. in Shelby co., Iowa. Pop., 129. Clay, tn, in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 788. Clay, p. o. in the above tn. Clay, tn, in Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 473. Clay, co, in Ka'ns., central part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 2,942, in 1860, 163. Tbe surface is undulating and consists of fertile prairies. The largest stream is the Republican R., which intersects the co. from N. N. W. to S. S. E. and receives numerous small allluents. Clay Centre, on the Republican R., is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 30,- T04 hush.; rye, 45 bush.; Indian-corn, 95,145 bush.; oats, 6,090 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,335 bush.; sweet pot's, 171 bush.; butter, 30,070 lbs.; hay, 5,356 tons. Cash value of farms, $024,990. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $188,725. Value of manufactures, $26,090. Clay, CO. in Ky., S. B. part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 8,297 ; in 1860, 6,652. The co. is tra- versed by several ranges of mountains and hills. Coal and iron are abundant. The South Fork of the Kentucky R. rises near the S. E. corner and flows through the co. in a nortli-westerly direction. It receives Goose Cr. and Sextons Cr. A large portion of the CO. is still covered with fine timber. Manchester is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 7,853 bush.; rye 988 bush.; In- dian-corn, 281,499 bush.; oats, 25,138 busli.; Irish pot's, 17,774 bush.; sweet jjot's, 4,843 busli.: butter, 67,984 lbs.; hay, 295 tons. Cash value of farms, $053,570. To'tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addition.'; Xr stock, etc., $304,519. Value of manufactuiui, $38,204. Clay, p. o. in Webster co., Ky. Clay, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 1,47.'). Clay, CO. in Minn., W. jiart ; borders on Dakota. Area about 1,080 sq. mis. Pop., 92. The sur- face is nearly level, as the co. forms part of tlie alluvial plain which is traversed by the Red R. of the North. This river forms the W. boundary and receives the Buflalo R., which, with its two branches, the South Fork and the North Fork, drains the co. The soil is very fertile and capable of producing heavy crops of Mheat and other grains. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Irish pot's, 300 bush.; butter, 300 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,598. Total, estimated, value of all farm iiroductions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,106. Clay, CO. in Mo., W. part. Area, 420 sq. mis. Pop., 15,564; in 1860, 13,023. The surface is un- dulating and slopes toward the bottom-land on the Missouri R., which forms the southern boundary of the co. Smith's Fork, a tribu- tary of the Little Platte R., drains the nortli- western iiart; Fishing Cr. the eastern. The larger portion of the co. is heavily timbered. A branch of the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. intersects the eo. Liberty is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 197,214 bush.; rye, 2,985 bush.; Indian-corn. I,844,2i0 bush.; oats, 199,604 bu.sh.; Irish pot's, 83,277 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,617 bush.; tobacco, 31,040 lbs.; butter, 253,805 lbs. ; hav, 5,961 tons. Cash value of farms, .$7,108,052. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,032,770. Value of manufac- tures, $70,730. Clay, tn. in Adair CO., Mo, Pop., 1,340. Clay, tn. in Atchison CO., Mo. Fop., 1,673. Clay, tn. in Clarke CO., Mo. Pop., 1,119. Clay, p. o. in the above tn. Clay, tn. in Douglas co., Mo. Pop., 333. Clay, tn. in Dunklin co.. Mo. Pop., 1,426. Clay, tn. in Greene CO., Mo. Pop., 840. Clay, tn. in Harrison eo., ]Mo. Pop., 911. Clay, tn. in Holt co., Mo. Pop., 887. Clay, tn. in Lafayette co.. Mo. Pop., 3,508. Clay, tn. in Linn co.. Mo. Pop., 939. Clay, tn. in JNIonroe co.. Mo. Pop., 1,518. Clay, tn. in Halls CO., Mo. Pop., 1,701. Clay, tn. in Shelby CO., Mo. Pop., 1,433. Clay, tn. in Sullivan co.. Mo. Pop., 877. Clay, CO. in Nelir., S. part. Area, 570 sq. mis. Pop., 54 ; in 18()0, 165. It is drained by Shove Cr., Turkey Cr., J?ig Sandy Cr., and other tri- butaries of the Big Blue R. The surface is slightly undulating and consists mainly of prairies, wliicli otTer fair iiulucements to the stock raiser. The Burlington & Missouri River R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W. Sutton is the CO. seat. Clay, CO. in N. C, S. "W. part. Pop., 2,401. It borders on Ga., and lies on the upper jjortion of the Hiawasscc R., whicli Mses near the eastern Ijoundary in the valley range, and flows through the co. from W. to E., draining it with numerous small mountain streani.s. The soil of the valleys is productive. The uplands are lit for stock raising and pastur- ing. Hayesville is the co. seat. A^v. pro CLAY. 21; CLAYTON. cluctions ill 1870: Wlieat 6,061 bnsli.; rye, 6,411 bush.; Indian-coi-n, 79,985 bush.; oats, 14,408 busb.; Irish pot's, 4,619 busb.: sweet pot's, 5.507 bush.; tobacco, 13,113 lbs.; butter, 4'J,05-2 lbs.; bay, 221 tons. Cash value of farms, $323,965. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $174,323. Clay, tu. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 3,15G. Clay, p. V. in the above tn., on the Oneida R. and the Oswego Canal, 3 mis. E. of Baldwins- ville. Clay, tn. in Auglaize co., Ohio. Pop., 1,095. Clay, tn. in Uallia co., Ohio. Pop. 1,400. Clay, tn. in Highland CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,345. Clay, p. V. in Jackson co., Ohio, on tlio Ports- mouth Branch of the Marietta & Cincinnati K. R., 15 mis. S. of Jackson. Clay, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 940. Clay, m. in Montgonioi-y co., Ohio. Pop., 2,,541. Clay, tn. in Muskingum co., 0)rIo. Pop., 776. Clay, tn. in Ottawa co., Ohio. Pop., 2.174. Clay, tn. in Scioto co., Ohio. Pop., 927. Clay, tn. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop., 1,205. Clay, tn. in Butler Co., Pa. Pop., 1,062. Clay, tn. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Pop., 818. Clay, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 1,440. Clay, new co. in Tenn.; has been formed out of portions of Jackson and Overton cos., and lies in the northern part of the state, border- ing on Kentuekj-. It is drained by Clay II. and other affluents of the Cumberland " R. ; has a rolling surface and mucli fertile soil. The statistics are included m those of Jack- son and Overton cos. Celina is the co. seat. Clay, tn. in Hanover CO., Va. Pop., 3,085. Clay, CO. in "W. Va., central part. Area about 390 sq. mis. Pop., 2,196 ; in 1860, 1,787. The surface is broken and hilly, and there is but little good arable land in the co. Elk R. flows through it from E. to W., and receives numer- ous tributaries. Clay Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,204 bush.; rye, 657bush.; Indian-corn, 39,093 bush.; oats, 11,497 bush.; Irisli pot's, 2,411 bush.; sweet pot's, 243 bush.; butter. 30,595 lbs.; hay, 274 tons. Cash value of farms, $166,282. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $121,524. Value of manufactures, $10,!527. Clay, tn. in Hancock co., W. Va. Pop., 1,507. Clay, tn. in Harrison co., W. Va. Pop., 1,574. Clay, tn. in Marshall CO., VV. Va. Pop., 1,005. Clay, tn. in Monongalia co., W. Va. Pop., 1,972. Clay, tn. in Randolph co., W. Va. Pop., .540. Clay, tn. in Ritchie co., W. Va. Pop., 2,746. Clay, tn. in Wirt Co., AV^ Va. Pop., 533. Clay, tn. in Wood co., W. Va. Pop., 1,108. Clay, tn. in Taylor co., W. Va. Pop., 738. Clay, tn. in Braxton co., W. Va. Pop., 2,164. Clay Banks, tn. in Oceana co., Mich. Pop., 462. Clay Bank, p. o. in the above tn. Clay Banks, tn. in Door co., Wis. Pop., 319. Clay Banks, p. o. in the above tn. Clay Brook, p. o. in Madison co.. Tenn. Claybnrgli, p. o. in Clinton co., N. Y., on the Saranac R. Clay Center, tn. in Clay co., Kans. Pop., 1,134. *Clay Center, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, 35 mis. N. W. of Junction City. It lies in a good agricultural district, and has one newspaper. Clay City, tn. in Clay CO., 111. Pop,, 1,364. Clay City, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 7 mis. E. of Flora and 15 mis. W. of Olney. Pop., 594. Clay Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of Clay CO., W. Va., on Elk R., and 30 mis. N. E. of Charleston. Clay ford, p. v. in Jones co., Iowa, 17 mis. from Anaiuosa. Clay Hill, p. o. in Marengo co., Ala. Clay Hill, p. o. in Lincoln co., Ga. Clay Hill, p. o. in Wexford co., Mich Clay Hill, p. o. in Titus co., Tex. Clay IjIcIc, p. v. in Licking co., Ohio, 6 mis. by railroad E. of Kewark. Clay I>iok, p. o. in Franklin co., Pa. Clay mills, p. o. in Jones CO., Iowa. *Clayniont, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., near the Delaware R., and on the Philadelphia & Wilmington R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Wilming- ton. Clayi»ool, V. in Kosciusko co., Ind., 9 mis. from AVarsaw. CI ay pool, p. o. in Warren co., Ky. Clay's Orove, p. v. in Lee co., Iowa, 15 mis. from Fort Madison. Clay's Prairie, p. o. in Edgar CO., III. Claysville, p. o. m Washington co., Ind. Claysville, p. o. in Harrison Co., Ky. Claysville, p. o. in Union co.,]Miss. Claysville, p. v. in Boone co., Mo., on the Mis- souri R.. 12 mis. N. ^V. of Jeflerson city. Claysville, p. v. in Guernsey co., Ohio, 110 mis. S. E. of Cambridge. Pop., 115. Claysville, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., on the Hemptield R. R., 21}^ mis. E of Wheeling, W. Va. Claysville, p. o. in Mineral co., W. Va. Clayton, co. in Ga., W. central part. Area, 135 SQ. mis. Pop., 5,477; in 1860, 4,4(;(). It bord- ers in the S. W. on the Flint R. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. Jones- borough is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 13,814 bush.; rye, 16 bush.; Indian- corn, 64,319 bush.; oats, 8,714 bush.; Irisli pot's. 89 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,924 bush.; cotton. 1,221 bales; butter, 29,511 lbs. Cash value of farms. $421,921. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $258,209. Value of manufactures, $84,002. Clayton, co. in Iowa, N. E. part, bordering on Wis. Area about 700 sq. mis. Pop., 27,771 ; in 1860, 20,728. The surface consists of rolling prairies, alternating with forests which oc- cur mostly along the water-courses. The Mis- sissippi R. washes the co. on the E., and the Turkey R. flows through it in a south-easterly direction. The soil is fertile and the climate salubrious. Lead is extensivelj' mined. El- kader is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,073,219 bush.; lye, 1,863 bush.; Indian-corn, 940,784 bush.; oats, 623 459 bush.; Irish pot's, 135,794 bush.; wool, 33,491 lbs.; but- ter, 716,298 lbs.; hay, 31,290 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,267,968. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addition.s to stock, etc., $2,949,917. Value ol manufac- tures, $1,377,967. Clayton, p. v. and co. scat of Barbour co., Ala., 20 mis. W. of Eufaula. One newspaper. Clayton, p. o. in Hempstead 00., Ark. Clayton, p. v. in Contra Costa co., Cal., 13 mis. S. E. of Martinez. Clayton, p. v. in Kent co., Del., on the Mary- land & Delaware R. R., 10% mis. N. of Dover, and 73 mis. from Wilmington. Pop., 124. Clayton, p. v. and the co. seat of Rabun co., Ga., on Sticoa Cr., and in a picturesque valley of the Blue Ridge, 26 mis. X. W. of ^Valhalla in S. C. Clayton, tn. in Adams co., 111. Pop., 2,063. *Clay ton, p. v. in the above tn., at thi; junction of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R. with the Keokuk Branch of the same I'oad, 48 mis. W. of Jacksonville. It has several manufac- tories and one newspaper. Clayton, tn. in Woodford co.. III. Pop., 1,022. Clayton, p. v. in Hendricks Co., Ind., on the Tcrre Haute & Indianapolis R. R., &^ mis. W. of Plainfleld. Clayton, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 954. Clayton, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, on the Mississippi R., 13 mis. JST. of McGregor, and 45 nils, from Dubuque. Clayton, tn. in Tajlor co., Iowa. Pop., 530. Clayton, p. v. in Harford co., Md., 5 mis. from Magnolia. Clayton, p. o. in Berkshire co., Mass. CLAYTON. 218 CLEARMONT. •Clayton, p. v. in Lenawee co., Micli., on the Lakii Shore & Michigan Southern B. 11., 11 mis. W. of Athian. Clayton, tii. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,047. Clayton, p. v. in Faribault co., Minn., 15 mis. S. W. of AUlcn. Clayton, p. o. in Vernon co., Mo. Clayton, in. in Gloucester CO., N. J. Pop., o,(i74. Clayton, p. v. in the above tn., on the West .Icrsuv K. R., 21 mis. E. of Camden. Clayton, tu. in JelTersou co., N. Y. Pop., 4,08-2. *Cljiytoii, p. V. in the above tn., on the St. Liawrcnce li., and 211^ mis. N. of Brownville on the Home, Watertown &Ogdensburg II. R. Clayton, p. v. in Johnson co., N. C. Clayton, v. in Miami co., Ohio, 4 mis. N. W. of Cuviugton. Pop., 101. Clayton, tn. in Perry CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,195. Clayton, p. o. of the" v. of Salem, in Montgom- ery CO., Ohio, 3 mis. N. E. of Brookville. Pop. of tlie village, 312. Clayton, p. o. in Berks CO., Pa. Clayton, tn. in Crawford co., Wis. Pop., 1,41G. Clayton, tn. in Winnebago CO., Wis. Pop., 1,340. Claytona, p. o. in Noble co., Ohio. Clayton Centre, p. o. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Claytonville, tn. m Brown co., Kans. Pop., 2,048. Claytonville, p. v. in tlie above tn., 2}/^ mis. S. OL Mannville. Claytonville, p. o. in Clay co.. Mo. Clay Village, p. v. in Shelby co., Ky., GJ^ mis. E. of Shelbyville. Clayville, p. v. in Oneida CO., N. Y., on the Utica, Chenango Jfc Susciuehauna K. K., 12 mis. S. of Utica. Pop., 944. Clayville, v. in Jefferson co., Pa. Pop., 1S9. Clear BraucU, p. o. in Washington co., Tonn. Clear Branch, p. o. in Washington co., Va. Clear Creelt, co. in Colo., central part. Pop., y,adii. It is situated on the lloclcy Mts., tlie western part extending into the Miildlo Park. The eastern part is drained by Bear Cr., and other tributaries of the South Platte It. Idaho is the co. seat. Value of manufactures, $159,195. Clear Crceli, tn. in Drew co.. Ark. Pop.. 776. Clear CreeU, tn. in Hot Springs co., Ark. Pop., 2:il. Clear Creelt, p. o. in Marion co.. Ark. Clear CreeU, tn. in Sevier co., Ark. Pop., 23S. Clear Creeli, tn. in Washington co., Ark. Pop., 1,199. Clear Creels, tn. in Alexander co.. 111. Pop., i,Oi;s. Clear Creek, tn. in Huntington co.,Ind. Pop., 1,273. Clear CreeU, tn. in Monroe co., Ind. Pop., 1,325. Clear CreeU, p. o. in the above tn. Clear CreeU, p. o. in Alamakee co., Iowa. Clear CreeU, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 728. Clear CreeU, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 1,125. Clear CreeU, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,118. Clear CreeU, tn. in Nemaha co., Kans. Pop., :ii;7. Clear CreeU, p. o. in the above tn. Clear CreeU, tn. in Cooper co., Mo. Pop., 1.198. Clear CreeU, p. o. in the above tn. Clear CreeU, tn. in Vernon co., Mo. Pop., 415. Clear CreeU, p. o. in Saunder.s co., Nebr. Clear CreuU, p. o. in CliauUiuqna co., N. Y. Clear CreeU, p. o. in Mci-kleuburi,di co., N. C. Clear CreeU, in. in Ashlaud co , Ohio. Pop., 1,198. Clear CreeU, tn. in Fairlield co., Ohio. Pop., 1,743. Clear CreeU, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. E. of Sloutsville. Clear Creek, tn. in Warren co., Ohio. Pop,, 2,()05. Clear CreeU, p. o. in Clackamas co., Oreg. Clear CreeU, p. o. in Greene co., Tenn. Clear CreeU, p. o. in Raleigh co., W. Va. Clear CreeU Falls, p. o. in Winston co., Ala. Clear CreeU Liandiug', p. o. in Alexandria CO., 111. Clearfield, co. In Pa., central part. Area about 1, 100 sq. mis. Pop., 25,741 ; in 1860, 18,759. The West Branch of the Susquehanna R. en- ters the CO. from the S., Hows through it to the N. E.,and lastly forms part of the E, boundary, together with its tributarj^ Mus- hanon Cr. The Susquehanna receives Chesl Cr. and Clearlield Cr. from the S., and Ander- son's Cr., Chinkelamoose Run, Trout Run and Sandy Run from the N. The surface is roll- ing and hilly, particularly in the E. part, where the streams have cutout deep furrows andra\'ines. The soil is fertile. Extensive for- ests yield valuable pine, oak, etc., timber. Iron ore and coal are abundant. Grazing is an important liranch of industry. Clearfield is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 68,724 bush.; rye. 52,117 bush.; oats, 375,053 bush.; Indian-corn, 245,269 bush.; Irish pot's, 62,0.59 bush.; sweet pot's, 45 bush.; butter, 451,942 lbs.; haj', 19,928 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,931,360. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includinjj additions to .stoc'^v, etc., $1,889,767. Value of manufactures, $1,109,405. Clearfield, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 847. Clearfield, tn. in Cambria co., Pa. Pop., 1,.)31. *Ciearfield, p. bor. and co. seat of Clearfield CO., Pa., on tlie West Branch of the Susque- hanna R. and the Tyi'one & Clearfield R. R., 40% mis. N, W. of Tyrone. Coal and lumber are the chief products of the neighborhood. Pop., 1,361. Two newspapers. Clearfield, tn. in Juneau co.. Wis. Pop., 203. Clesvrfield Brldgre, p. o. in Clearlield co., Pa. Clear ForU, p. o. in Bland CO., Va. Clear ForU, tn. in Tazewell CO., Va. Pop., 3,415. Clear Fork, tn. in Raleigh CO., W. Va. Pop., .552. Clear Fork, tn. in Wyoming co., W. Va. Pop., .52'. I. Clear liake, tn. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Pop., 378. Clear Liake, tn. in Mississippi co.. Ark. Pop., 126. Clear liake, in Lake co., Cal. ; occupies a beautiful and productive valley between two of the coast ranges. It is nearly 1,590 feet above the sea level, and has an area of 175 sq. i7ils. A tongue of land, on which rises Uncle Sam Mt. (2,500 feet high), projects into the lake and divides it into an upper and lower part. Cashe Cr., a tributary of the San Joa- (luin R., is the outlet. Clear liake, tn. in Sangamon co., 111. Pop., 1,.5I)I). Clear Iiake, tn. in Steuben co., Ind. Pop., 455. Clear Lake, tn. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa. Pop., 9.)U. Clear JLake, p. v. in Lake tn. in the above co., on the MUwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 11 mis. W. of Mason City. Pop., 77.5. One newspaper. Clear Liake, tn. in Hamilton co., Iowa. Pop,, 131. Clear Xiake, tn. in Sherburne co., Minn. Pop., Clear Lake, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R., 63 mis. W. N. W. of St. Paul. Clear L.ake, tu. in Sibley co., Minn. Poi)., 1.56. Clear Lake, p. o. in Polk co.. Wis. Clear luout, p. o. in Warren co., Tenn. CLEAR POND. 219 CLEVELAND. Clear Pond, p. o. in Marshall co., Ky. Clear Port, p. o. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Clear Ridse, p. o. in Fulton co., Pa. Clear Spring', p. o. in Clark co., Ark. Clear Spring;, tn. in La Grange CO., Ind. Pop., l,--3. Clear Spring, v. in Kosciusko co., Ind., 4 mis. from Huntsville. Clear Spring', p. o. in Graves co.. Ky. Clear Spring-, p. v. in Washington co., Md., ll]4 mis. W. of Kaserstown. Clear Spring, -p. 6. in York co., Pa. Clear Spring, p. o. in Greenville district, S. C. Clear Spring, p. o. in Grang.cr co., Tenn. Clear Vie'*v, p. o. in Sullivan co., Mo. Clearville, p. o. in Bedfoi-d co., Pa. Clear AVater, p. o. in Xez Pc-rces co., Idaho. Clear "Water, p. o. in Sedgwick co., Ivans. Clear M'ater, p. o. in Antrim co., Mich. Clear Water, tn. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., 552. Clear Water, p. v. in Wright co., Minn., 5 mis. S. W. of Clear Lake. Clear Water, p. o. in Wayne co.. Mo. Clear Water Harbor, p. o. in Hillsborough CO., Fla. Cleavelaucl, or Cleveland, p. v. iji Oswego CO., X. Y., on Oneida Lake and the New York & Oswego Midland R. 11., 7 mis. W. of North B. Pop., 805. One ncv.spaper. *Cleavelaud, or Cleveland, p. v. and the co. seat of lii'udley co., Tenn., on the East Ten- nessee & Georgia R. R., iiO nils. N. E. of Chat- tanooga and 8o mis. S. W. of KnoxTille. A branch railroad connects it with Dalton, Ga. It is a pro.sperous place in a rich farming dis- trict. Pop., 1,(;5S. Three newspapers. Cleaveland, p. o. in Orange co.. Vs.. Cleburne, co. in Ala., N. E. part. Pop , 8,017. It borilers on Ga., and includes the wsstern termination of the Dug Down Mts. It is drained by several small affluents of tho Tal- lapoosa li., and has a productive soil, Ed- wardsville is the co. seat. Agi. jn-oductio"; in 1870: Wheat, 36,739 bush.; rye, 471 busk.; Indian-corn, 186,763 bush.; oats, 19,853 bush,- Irish pot's, 1,868 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,679 bush. • cotton, 873 bales; butter, 83,965 lbs.; hay, 5 tons. Cash value of farms, $497,8-20. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $460,591. Value of manufactures, $11,400. Cleburne, p. o. in Cross co.. Ark. Cleburne, p. v. and the co. seat of Johnson CO., Tex., on Nolands R., and the western margin of the Lower Cross Timbers. Pop., 686. One newspaper. Cleeli's Mills, p. o. in Bath co., Va. Clemansville, p. o. in Winnebago co.. Wis. Clement, p. o. of the village of Collins, in Clinton co.. 111., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 9 mis. W. of Sandoval, Clement's I>epot, p. o, in Tusc-aloosa co., Ala. Clementsville, p. o. in Clay co., Tenn. Clendonisj, p. o. in Kenawhaco., W. Va. Clendenuin, tn. in Mason co., W. Va. Pop., 1 ,657. Clenis' Brancb, p. o. in Grayson co., Va. Cleon, tn. in Manistee co., Mich. Pop., 85. Cleon, p. o, in the aliove tn, Cleona, p. o. in Brown co., Ind. Cleona, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 847. Cleopatra, p. o. in Mercid- co.. Mo. 4!lcrmont, co. in Ohio. S. W. part. Area, 440 sq. nils. Pop., 34,-268; in 1860, .33,034. This co. is bounded on the S. by the Ohio R., and on the N. W. by the Little Miami R. The East Fork of the latter flows through it from E. to W., and receives numerous siiiall tributaries. The surface is hilly and more than 800 feet above the sea level. Toward the narrow bot- tom-lands of the Ohio the hills slope down quite abruptly. The co. includes much good land. Batavia is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 181,5;« bush.; rye, 13,850 bush.; Indian-corn, 878,027 bush.; oats, 325,755 bush.; Irish pot's, 308,006 bush.; s-weet pots, 5,953 bush.; butter, 769,133 lbs.; hay, 19,535 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,229,016. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,503,790. Value of manufactures, $1,098,518. Clermont, p. v. in Marion co., Ind., on the In- dianapolis , Bloomington & Western R. R.,9^ mis. N. W. of Indianapolis. Clermont, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 1,263. *Clermont, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Castalia. It is an agricultural tn. Clermont, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 1,021. Clermont, p. v. in the above tn., Smls. from Tivoli. Clermont Itlills. p. o. in Harford co., Md. Clermontville, p. o. in McKean co., Pa. Cleveland, co. in N.C.,W. part ; borders on S.C. Area about 440 sq. mis. Pop., 12,696; in 1860, 10,217. It is intersected by the First Broad R. and Bulfalo Cr., which flow from N. to S. The surface is hilly, and between the two streams just named tliere extends a range of consid- erable elevation. The soil is fertile. Shelby is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 42,666 bush.; rye. 1,8-28 bush.; Indian- corn, 236,252 bush.; oats, 67,794 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,431 bush.; sweet pot's, 37,882 bush.: butter, 106,-269 lb,s.; hay, 248 tons. Cash value of farms, $686,785. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $581,919. Value of manufactures, iJ292,r26, Cleveland, p, v. and the co. seat of White co., Ga., 17 mis. N. of Gainesville. Cleveland, p. v. in Henry co.. 111., on Rock R. and the Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 26V< mis. S. W. of Lyndon. Cleveland, tn. in Elkhart co., Ind. Pop., 549. Cleveland, p. v. in Hancock co., Ind., on the PiLtsourgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 6)^ mis. E. of Greenfield. Pop., 118. Cleveland, tn. in Whitley co., Ind. Pop., 2,041. Cleveland, v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., 3 mis. from Stockwell. Cleveland, p. o. in Fayette co., Ky. Cleveland, tn. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Pop., i,o:)-:. Cleveland, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. E. of St. P('t(a-. *Cleveland, city, port of entry and the co. seat of Cuyahoga co., Ohio, on" the mouth of the Cuyahoga R.,on Lake Erie,and on the Lake Shore '&, Michigan Central R. R., 603 mis. from New York and 180 mis, from Buffalo; is the north-eastern terminus of the Cleveland, Co- lumbus & Cincinnati R, R., the north-western terminus of the Mahoning Division of the At- lantic & Great Western R. R.; and the north- ern terminus of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R. The Ohio Canal connects it with Ports- mouth, on the Ohio R. Cleveland is the second city in size in the State and one of the most beautiful in the United States. It lies on a plain from 80 to 100 feet above the lake and has wide and regu- lar streets, intersecting each other mostly at right angles. The shipping, produce and wholesale business is done on River and Mer- wiii streets, on the E. bank of the river. Su- perior street has the elegant retail stores, the banks, newspaper offices, etc. Monument Square, in the centre of the city, is intersected by Superior and Ontario streets, and in it stands a fine marble statue of Commodore O. H. Perry, the hero of the liattle of Lake Erie. Euclid avenue, a wide street 3 mis. long, and lined with stately maples, is one of the hand- somest streets in the country. It is composed entirely of magnificent private residences, standing in open parks and lawns. The prin- cipal public buildings are the Clevelana Medical College ; the Marine Hospital ; Caso Hall, which contains the collection of booka CLEVELAND. 220 CLINTON. of the Cleveland Library Association, luiin- bering over 20,0U0 volumes ; the U. S. Post- office, and the Union Railroad Depot, one of the largest structures of its kind in the world. Cleveland was laid out in 179(i. In 1850 it had 17,0:14 inhabitants ; in 18(50, 43,417; and in 1870, 92, 829. It has numerous manufacturing establishments, as iron-foundries, rolling- mills, coal-oil reflneries, pork-packing houses, and cooper shops. The commerce of Cleve- land is extensive, and largely consists in ex- changing the products of the west, especiallj' wool, grain, Hour, pork and coal-oil with the manufactures of the East. The citj- alfords excellent educational facilities. In 1871 it had 15 primary schools with 175 teachers, and 7,951 pupils, and one high school, with two teachers and 50 pupils, besides several excellent private schools. The number of children of school-age was 32,177, of whom 13,184 were enrolled in the pul)lic schools. The average number attending school was 8,175. The leading newspapers arc the " Cleveland Herald"; the "Cleveland Leader"; the "Cleveland Plaindealer" ; the "Evening Kews" ; and the "Waechter am Erie' (Ger- man.) Cleveland, p. o. in Fort Ucnd co., Tex. Cleves, p. v.* in Hamilton co., Ohio, near the Ohio K. and on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & Lafayette R. R., H14 ™'*- W. of Cincinnati. Cliiriaiitl, p. o. in Wapello co., Iowa. €liiroril, p. V. in Bartholomew co., Ind., on a IJranch of the Jeftersonville, Madison & In- dianapolis R. R.,'(i mis. N. N. E. of Columbus. Cliflord, p. o. in Lapeer co., Mich. .Jlifl'ord, tn. in Susquehanna CO., Pa. Pop., i,5:i2. Cliilorcl, p. V. in the above tn., 13]4 mis E. of Nicholson. Clifton, p. V. in Wilcox co., Ala., on the Ala- bama It., and 12 mis. E. of Camden, the co. seat. Clifton, p. o. in Oneida co., Idaho. Clifton, p. V. in Iroquois co.. 111., on the Illi- nois Central II. R., 12 mis. N. of Gilman, 4 mis. S. of Chebanse, and 69 mis. S. by W. of Chicago. Clifton, p. o. in Union co., Ind. Clifton, p. v.in Louisa co.,lowa, on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 3 mis. W. of Ere- donia. Pop., 200. Clifton, tn. m Washington co., Kans. Pop., 713. Clifton, p. V. in the above tn., 30 mis. S. W. of Waterville. Clifton, tn. in Wilson co., Kans. Pop., 918. Clifton, tn. in Penobscot CO., Me. Pop., 348. Clifton, p. o. in the above tn. Clift4»n, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. CI it ton, tn. in Keweenaw CO., Mich. Pop., '515. Cliiton, p. o. in the above tii. Clifton, p. V. in Schuyler co.. Mo., on the St. Louis, Kansas city & Northern R. R., ItiOmls. from SI. Louis. Pop., 150. Clifton, p. o. in Nemaha co., Ncbr. Clifton, p. V. in Passaic eo., N. J., at the Junc- tion of the Erie R. R. with the Boonton Branch of the Essex & Morris R. R., 14 mis. from New York. Clifton, p. o. in Colfax co., N. Mex. Clifton, p. V. in Monroe co., N. Y., 6 mis. from Cliurclivillc. Clifton, tn, in St. Lawrence co., N. Y'. Pop., 221. Clifton, V. in Richmond co., N. Y., on Staten Island and New York B., 7 mis. S. S. W. of New York city. Clifton, p. V. in Greene co., Ohio, on the Little JSIiami R., 3 mis. E. of Y'ellow Springs. Pop., 2.53. Clifton, p. V. in Luzerne co., Pa., 7 mis. S. W. of Sand Cut on the Delaware, Lackawanna &■ Western R. R. Clifton, p. y. in "Wayne co., Tenn., on the Ten- nessee R., 14 nils, from Waynesborough. Clifton, p. V. in Bosque co., Tex., II mis. from Meridian. Clifton, p. V. in Mason CO., W. Va., on the Ohio R., 10 mis. N. of Mount Pleasant. Pop., C93. Clifton, tn. in Alleghany co., Va. Pop., l,Oia Clifton, tn. in Grant co.. Wis. Pop., 1,076. Clifton, tn. in Monroe co., Wis, Pop., 501. Clifton, p. o. in the above tn. Clifton, tn. in Pierce eo.. Wis. Pop., 615. Clifton Dale, p. o. in Essex co., Mass., on the Eastern R. R., 4 mis. N. E. of Maiden. Clifton Forge, p. v. in Allcghanj' co., Va., on Jackson R.. at the northern base of Jtich Patch Mt. and near the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 13 mis. E. of Covington, the co. seat. Clifton Hill, p. v. in Randolph eo.. Mo., on the N. Jlissouri R. R., nils. W. of Huntsviih'. Clifton Mills, p. o. in Breckinridge co., Ky. Clifton Mills, p. o. in Pierce co., \\'is. Clifton Park, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop.. 2,657. Clifton Park, p. v. in the above tn., 6% mis. N. W. of AVatertown. *Clifton Springs, p. v. in Ontario CO., N. Y., on the Au))urn Branch of the Central R. R., 12 mis. N. W. of Geneva. It has nmch trade, and is a favorite summer resort. Pop., 746. Clifton Station, p. v. in Fairfax co., Va., 30 mis. W. bj- S. of Alexandria. Cliffy, p. o. in Madison co.. Ark. Cliffy, tn. in Bartholomew co., Ind. Pop. 1,133. ' Cliffy, p. o. in Decatur eo., Ind., in the v. of Milford, 8}^ mis. W. of Greensburg. Pop., 360. Cliffy, p. o. in Todd eo., Ky. Cliffy, p. o. in Fayette co., W. Va. Cliffy Dale, p. o. in Maries co.,Mo. Climax, p. o. in Cireenwood co., Kans. Climax, tn. in Kalamazoo co., Mich. Pop., 1,381). Climax Prairie, p. o. in the above tn., on the Peninsular R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Battle Creek. Clinch, CO. in Ga., S. part. Area, 1,088 sq. mis. Pop., 3,945 ; in 1860, 3,063. The western bound ary is formed partly by the Allapaha 1-. and partly by the E. Fork of the Suwanee li.; ir. the S. it borders on Fla. The head streams of the Suwanee R. rise in the northern part of the CO. The surface is low and level, and includes a portion of the Okeflnokc Swamp. Tlie Atlantic & Gulf R. R. passes through the CO. Homerville is tlie co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 41,605 bush.; oats, 21,054 bush., sweet pot's, 22,.58i) bush.; cotton, 330 bales ; rice, 153,325 lbs.; butter, 11,3'.'5 lbs. Cash value of farms, $90,245. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $169,077. Value of manufaolures, $21,450. Clinch Mountains, a series of parallel rang- es trending from S. W. to N. E. between the valleys of the Clinch and the Holston Rs., through eastern Tenn. and south-western Va. Clinch Biver, sec Tennessee R. Cliiie's Bridge, p. o. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Cline''s Mills, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. Clinesville, p. o. in Catawba co., N. C. Clinton, p. v. in Greene co., Ala., 12 mis. from Eutaw. Clinton, p. v. and co. seat of Van Buren co., Ark., on the Little Red R., and 56 nils. N. of Little Rock. Clinton, tn. in Middlesex co., Conu. Pop., 1,404. ^Clinton, p. v. in the above tn., near Long Island Sound and on the Shoreline R. R., 23 mis. E. of New Haven. Clinton, p. v. and the co. seat of Jones co., Ga., 16 mis. N. by E. of Macon. Clinton, tn. in De Kalb co.. III. Pop., 1,001. ^Clinton, p. v. and co. seat of De Witt co.. 111., at the intersection of the Illinois Central U. R. with the Gilman, Clinton & Springfield R. R.; lOinls. S. of Bloomington. It is a thriving CLINTON. 221 CLINTON. place ami lias considerable commerce. Pop., 1,800. Three newspapers. Clinton, CO. in 111., S. central part. Area, 425 sq. mis. Pop., 16,285; in 18<30, 10,941. The sur- face is level and much of it consists of open prairies. The soil is fertile. The Kaskaskia R. intersects the co. from N. to S., and, turn- ing to the W., forms part of the southern boundary. It receives within it Shoal Cr., Beaver Cr. and Crooked Cr. The Ohio & Mis- sissippi R. II. passes through the co. froni E. to W. Carlyle is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 611,388 bush.; rye, l,47 bush.; butter, 70,821 lbs.; hav, 311 tons. Cash value of farms, $595,028. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $335,634. Value of manufactures, $68,380. Clinton, p. v. and eo. seat of Hickman co., Ky., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 7 mis. S. S. E. of Columbus on the Mississippi R. *ClInton, p. V. and the co. seat of East Felici- ana parish. La.; is connected by a R. R. with Port Hudson on the Mississippi R. It is sur- rounded by a rich cotton-growing district. Pop., 930. Clinton, tn. in Kennebec co., Mc. Pop., 1,768. Clinton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Sebasti- cook R. and the Maine Central R. R., 9 mis. N. E. of Waterville. Clinton, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 5,429. *Cllnton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Wor- cester & Nashua R. U., 16 mis. N. of Worces- ter and on the Boston, Clinton & Fitchburg R. R., 22 mis. N. W. of Framingham Centre. It has large manufacturing establishments, producing cotton goods, carpets, wire cloth, quilts and counterpanes. One newspaper. Clinton, co. in Mich., in the central i^art of the lower peninsula. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 22,845; in 1860, 13,916. The surface is level and mostly covered, with heavy forests. Th.e Maple" R. flows through the N. part, and Look- ingglass R., a tributary of Grand R., through the S. part. The soil is fertile. The Detroit & Milwaukee R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W. St. Johns is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 499,030 bush.; rve, 131 bush.; Indian-corn, 274,606 bush.; oats, "285,419 bush.; Irish pot's, 227,140 bush.; wool, 196,444 lljs.; butter, 796,970 lbs.; hay, 29,369 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,248,012." Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $2,151,150. Value of manu- factures, $722,071. Clinton, tn. in Lenawee co , Mich. Pop., 1,356. *Clinton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 5]4 nils. N. of Palmyra. Pop., 752. Clinton, "tn. in Macomb co., Mich. Pop., 3,590. Clinton, p. v. in Hinds co,. Miss., on the s. Mississippi R. R., 9 mis. W. of Jackson. It is the seat of Mississip]ii College. Clinton, co. in Mo., W. part. Area, 460 sq. mis. Pop., 14,0si3 ; in 1860, 7,848. The surface is U^vel and consists mostly of prairies ; the soil is fertile. Smith's R. intersects the co. from N. to S., and several small affluents of Fishing Cr. drain the S. E. part. The N. part is tra- versed by the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. from E. to W., and a branch of this road passes tOMard the S. Plattsburgh is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, y3,770 bush.; rye, 3,650 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,147,395 bush.; oats, 239,.598 bush.; Irish pot's, 62,758 bush.; sweet pot's, 874 bush.; tobacco, 11,805 lbs.; butter, 200,688 lbs.; hay, 7,382 tons. Cash value ot farms, $5,565,385. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,200,096. Value of manu- factures, $356,448. Clinton, tn. in Tex. co.. Mo. Pop., 721. ^Clinton, p. v. and co. seat of Henry, co.. Mo., on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 39 mis, S. W. of Sedalia. Has much commerce and several manufactories. Pop., 640. Three newspapers. Clinton, p. v. m Stanton CO., Nebr , 40 mis. N. of Schuyler. CLINTON. 222 CLINTON VALLEY. Clinton, tn. in Hunterdon co., X.J. Pop., 3,134. Clinton, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Central N. J. U. R., 23 mis. E. of Easton. One news- paper. Clinton, tn. in Essex co , N. J. Pop., 2,240. Clinton, CO. in N. Y.; forms the N. R. corner of the state, bordering on Caiuulu. Area about !»7.i sq. mis. Pop., 47,047; in 1800, 45,735. It ))orders in the E. on Lake Champlain, which separates it from Vt. The southern bounthiry is partly formed by the Au Sable B. The Saranae and Chazy Us. flow through the CO. from S. VV. to N. E. The latter risus in Chazy Lake ; near the W. boundary is Lake Chateaugay. The greater part of tlie co. has a liilly and in the W. a mountainous surface, as it includes the most northern parts of the Adirondac Mts. Near the shores of Lake Champlain the ground is level and tlie soil productive. Iron ore of fino quality occurs in great abundance. The Ogdeusburg & Lake Champlain R. 11. intersects tlia northern part from B. to W., the Montrcil & Plattsburgh \ R. R. the eastern fro!n N. to R. Plattsburgli is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 81,410 bush.; Vye, 1G.514 bush.; Indian- corn, 10(i,256 bush.; o.its, 520,(():) bush.; Irish pot's, 844,703 bush.; wool. 151, .125 lbs.; cheese, 61.022 lbs.; butter, 9G5,(10S lbs.; hay, r,(),470 tons. Cash value of farms, iji 10,007,945. Total, estl- mat(!d, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,499,.5S9. Value of nianut'actures, .^5,272,750. Clinton, 1 n. in Clinton co., N. Y. Pop., 2,206. Clinton, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop.. 1,708. ♦Clinton, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on Oris- kany Cr., on the Utica, Clinton & Bingham- tonR. R., 9 nils. S. W. of Utica, and on the Chenango Canal. Near the v. is Hamilton College, a flourishing and well endowed insti- tution, with an excellent astronomical ob- servatory. Clinton also contains the Univer- salist "'l>ibL'ral Institute," the Houghton Beminar.v and the Rural High School. The manufactories produce cotton goods, lumber, etc., arid in the vicinity are the extensive Franklin Iron Works. Pop., 1,040. One news- paper. Clinton, p. v. and the co. seat of Sampson co., N. C, 36 mis. E. of Eayetteville. Clinton, co. in Ohio, S. W. part. Area about 375 sq. nils. Pop. 21,914; in 1800, 21,401. The surface is hilly and the soil very fertile. The East Fork of the Little iMiami R. is the largest stream, and receives Todds Cr., Rattlesnake Cr. and Anderson's Fork. The northern part is intersected by the Cincinnati & Zanesville R. R., and the southern by the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., from which the road from Blanchester to Hillsborough branches off. Wilmington is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 329.802 bush.; rye, 1,704 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,583,997 bush.; oats, 109,238 bush.; Irish pot's, 04,0*2 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,434 bush.; butter, 348,150 lbs.; hay, 12,919 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,114,079. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,498,142. Value of manufac- tures, $041,25.5. ClintOJi, V. in Clinton co., Ohio, on the Cincin- nati &, Zanesville R. R., 4 mis. E. of Wilming- ton. Clinton, tn. in Franklin CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,800. Clinton, tn. in Fulton co., Ohio. Pop., 3,23.'). Clinton, V. in Huron co., Ohio, 5 mis. from New I.,ondon. Clinton, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 984. Clinton, tn. in Seneca eo..Ohio. Pop., 1,520. Clinton, tn. in Shelby co., Ohio. Pop., 3,591. Clinton, p. v. in Summit co., Ohio, on the Ohio & Erie Canal, and on the Cleveland, Mt. Vernon & Delaware R. R., 7 mis. S. of New Portage. Clinton, tn. in Vinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,724. Clinton, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 1,502. Clinton, co. in Pa., central part. Area about 980 sq. mis. Pop., 23,211 ; in 1330, 17,723. The S. E. boundary' is formed by the Nittany Mt., between which and the Bald Eagle Mt. are several fertile valleys. The next range is the Alleghany Mts., which trend from S. W. to N. E. Tlie country lying N. W. of this range is a broken and hilly table-land, whicli is intersected by the West Branch of the Sus- quehanna R. and its tributaries. Kettle Cr., Young Woman's Cr., Rattlesnake Run ana Lick Run. The Susquehanna breaks through the Alleghany Jits, and then flows along their S. E. base through the valley; the southern part of which is traversed by the Bald Eagle Cr. The latter receives Big Fishing Cr., which traverses Sngar Valley in the Nittany Mts. from the S. E. and Beach Cr. from theN. W. The soil of the valley is fertile. Iron and coal are extensively mined. The Philadelphia & Erie R. R. intersects the co., following the Susquehanna R., and from it branches otfthe Lock Haven & Tyrone R. R. The West Branch Canal and the Bald Eagle Canal also pass through the co. Lock Haven is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 147,067 bush.; rye, 29,105 bush.; oats, 209,813 bush.; Indian- corn, 458,716 bush.; Irish pot's, 55,203 bush.; sweet pot's, 2 bush.; butter, 218,250 lbs.; hay, 11,442 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,797,040. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,015,- 870. Value of inanufactures, $3,04*f». Colerain, tn. in Ross co., Ohio. Pop., 1,635. Colerain, tn. in Bedford co., Pa. Pop., 1,204. Colerain, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 1,653. Colerain, p. o. in the above tn. Colerain, p. o. in U.nion district, S. C. Colerain Forgre, p! v. in Huntingdon co.. Pa., 3 mis. N. E. of Spruce Creek on tlie Pennsyl- vania Central R. R. Coles, CO. in 111., E. part. Area, 594 sq. mis. Pop., 25,235; in 1860, 14,203. Tlie surface is un- dulating, and consists mostly of open prai- ries ; the tracts of woodland being neither numerous nor extensive. The soil is very fertile. The western part is drained by the Kaskaskia R.. the eastern by the Embarras R.; both flow from N. to S. The Chicago Branch ot the Illinois Central R. R. inter- sects the CO. from N. to S. Charleston is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : VVlieat, 157,136 bush.; rye, 8,825 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,133,111 bush.; oats, 315.9.54 bush.; Irish pot's, 161,925 bush.; sweet pot's, 595 bush.; butter, 260,409 lbs.; hay, 22,371 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,186,010. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,169,192. Value of manufactures, $1,079,445. Cole's, tn. in Prince "William co., Va. Pop., 1,279. Colesbnrg-Ii, p. v. in Delaware co., Iowa, 12 mis. from Earlville Colesburgh, p. o. in Potter co., Pa. Cole's CreeU, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Cole's Ferry, p. o. in Charlotte co., Va. Cole's Mills, p. o. in Putnam co., N. Y. Cole's Mills, p o. in Randolph co., N. C. Cole's Station, p. o. in Moultrie co.. 111. Cole Spring, p. o. in Moniteau co., Mo. Coleville, p. o. in Mono co., Cal. Coleville, p. o. in Bossier parisli, La. Coleville, p. o. in Bates co.. Mo. Colesville, p. v. in Montgomery CO., Md., 4 mis. S. W. of Spencerville. Colesville, p. v. in Sussex CO., N. J., 6^^ mis. N. W. of Deckertown. Colesville, tn. in Broome co., N. Y. Pop., 3,400. Colesville, p. v. in tlie above tn., 5^ mis. S. W. of Nineveh on the Erie R. R. Colesville, p. o. in Stokes co., N. C. Coleta, p. o. In Clay co., Ala. Coleta, p. V. in Whitesides co.. 111., 8 mis. from Gait. Colfax, CO. in ISTebr., E. central part. Area, 396 sq. mis. Pop., 1,424. The surface is undu- lating and consists generally of prairies. The CO. borders in the S. on tlie Platte R., and is dramed by Maple Cr., Shell Cr. and other small streams. The soil is productive. The Union Pacific R. R. intersects the southern part of the co. Schuyler is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 13,529 bush.; rye, 1.770 bush.; Indian-corn, 27,164 bush.; oats, 15,- 017 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,354 bush.; butter, 20,350 lbs.; hay, 2 203 tons. Cash value of farms, $104,127. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $68,250. Value of manufactures. $56,997. Colfax, CO. in N. Mex., K. E. part. Area about 3,600 sq. mis. Pop., 1,992. The central and east- ern portions of the co. consist of level and arid plains, while tlie western is occupied by the Rocky Mts. The principal streams are tributaries of the Canadian R. Mining is the principal occupation of theinliabitants. Eliz- abethtown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat 5,491 bush.; oats, 14,398 bush.; Indian-corn, 11.000 bush.; Irish pot's, 160 bush.: butter, 4,520 lbs.; hav, 836 tons. Casli value of larnis, $67,200. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $79,963. Value ot manufactures, $265,150. Colfax, p. V. in Placer co., Cal., on the Central Pacific R. R., 192 mis. from San Francisco. Colfax, p. o. in Fremont co., Colo. Colfax, tn. in Champaign co.. 111. Pop., 633. Colfax, p. o. in Warren co.. 111. Colfax, p. V. in Clinton co., Ind., at the inter- section of the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La- fayette R. R. with the Logansport, Crawfords- ville & Southwestern B. li., 13 mis. N. W. of Lebanon. Pop., 187. Colfax, tn. in Dallas co., Iowa. Pop., 582. Colfax, tn. in Grundy co. Iowa. Pop., 278. Colfax, p. V. in .Jasper co., Iowa, on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 32 mis. yV. of Grinnell. Colfax, p. V. and the co. seat of Grant parish, La., on the Red R , and 6 mis. S. of Lake Jatt. Colfax, tn. in Benzie co., Mich. Pop., 71. Colfax, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 91. Colfax, tn. in Mecosta co., Mich. Pop. ,146. Colfax, tn. in Oceana co., Mich. Pop., 77. Colfax, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 172. Colfax, tn. in Daviess co.. Mo. Pop., 584, Colfax, tn. in DeKalb co.. Mo. Pop., 796. Colfax, p. o. in Sullivan CO., Mo. Colfax, p. o. in Guilford co.. IS'. C. Colfax, p. o. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Colfax, p. o. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Colfax, p. o. in Van Zandt co., Tex. Colfax, p. o. and the co. seat of Whitman co., Wash. Ter. Colfax, tn. in Dunn co.. Wis. Pop., 233. Colfax, p. o. in Dunn co., Wis. Colita, p. o. in Polk co., Tex, Collamer, v. in Windham co.. Conn., 5 mis. S. of Sterlmg on the Providence & Hartford R. R. Collamer, p. o. of the v. of Milleraburg, in Whitley co., Ind., on the Detroit, Eel River & Illinois R. R., 12 mis S. W. of Columbia City. Collamer, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., 6 mlg. N. E. of Syracuse. Collamer, p. v. in Cuyahoga oo., Ohio, 3 mis. from Euclid Station.' Collamer, i>. o. in Cliester co.. Pa. College, tn. in Knox co., Oliio. Pop., 926. College Corner, v. in Jay co., Ind., VX mle. S. of Portland, and on the Salamanie It. College Corner, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, oa the Cincinnati & Indianapolis Junction K. R,, 6)4 mis I< W. of Oxford. One newspaper. COLLEGE GROVE. 228 COLOEA. (Allege ©rove, p. v. in WilUainson co., Tenn., 27 nils, from Nus)iville. College Hill, p. o. in Columbia CO., Ark. College Hill, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., 3 ml.s. N. W. of Kast Cambridge. College Hill, p. v. in Hamilton CO., Ohio, 3 mis. N. Of Cumminsville, and 6 nils. is. of Cin- cinnati. College Blound, p. v. in Macon co.,Mo., 6)4 nils, from Jaclvsonville. Pop., 183. College Iflouud, p. o. in Kaufman CO., Tex. College Point, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., on Long Island Sound, and 3 mis. Is. K. W. of Flusliing. College St. James, p. o. in Wasliington co., Md. College Springs, p. o. in Page co., Iowa, in the village of Amity, 12 mis. S. W. of Clarinda, the CO. seat. The v. has 217 inhabitants. Collegeville, p. o. in Saline co., Ark. Collegeville, p. o. in San Joaquin co., Cal. Collegeville, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., on tlie Perkiomen Branch of the Philadelphia & Heading R. 11., 6 mis. from Perkiomen Junc- tion. Poj). about 500. Colleton, district in S. C, S. part. Area, 1,G75 sq. mis. Pop., 25,410 ; in IStiO, 41,91(3. It borders on the ocean and includes Helena Sound and other bays. The Combahee R. forms the southern boundary. Edisto, Sulkehatchie, and Ashepoo Ks. intersect and drain the CO. The surface is low and level throughout and in many parts covered witli extensive swamps. The soil is productive. The South Carolina R. R. and the Charleston & Savannah R. R. pass through the co. 'VValterborougli is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 399 bush.; rye, 174 bush.; Indian-corn, 207,927 bush.; oats, 6,746 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,(J55 bush.; sweet pot's, 52,825 bush.; butter, 7,363 lbs.; rice, 8,742,271 lbs., cotton, 2,335 bales. Cash value of farms, .$2,050,731. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $93(3,100. Value of manufactures, $96,838. Collett, p. o. in Jay co., Ind. Collettsville, p. o. in Caldwell co., N. C. Colley, tn. in Sullivan co.. Pa. Pop., 336 Colley, ]•>. o. in the above tn. Collier Creek, p. o. in Washington co., Ala. Colliers 91111, p. o. in Ocean co., N. J. Collierstowii, p. v. in Rockbridge co., Va., 11 mis. W. of Lexington. Colliersvillc, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., at the junction of the Albany & Susquehanna R. R., and the Cooperstown & Susquehanna R. R., 6 nils. N. E. of Oneonta. Colliersville, p. v. in Shelby co., Tenn., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 14 mis. W. of Moscow. Pop., 274. Collin, CO. in Tex., N. part. Area, 870 sq. mis. Pop. 14,013 ; in I860, 9,264. The surface is un- dulating and consists of forests and prairies. Pilot Cr., a tributary of the Trinity R., flows through the co. from N. to. S., and receives numerous tributaries. McKinney is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 42,827 bush.; rye, 438 bush.; Indian-corn, 674,.'')65 bush.; oats, 123,325 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,214 bush.; sweet pot's, 32,159 bush.; butter, 204,915 lbs.; cotton, 4,371 bales; hay, 1,402 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,002,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $994,100. Value of manu- factures, $127,220. Collington, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md., 10 nils. S. of Annapolis Junction. Collingwood, p. o. in Onondaga CO., N. Y., on the Syracuse & Binghanitou R. R., 7% mis. S. of Jamesville. Colling wood, p. o. in Fairfax co., Va. Collins, tn. in Drew co.. Ark. Pop., 463. Collins, p. o. in Livingston co.. 111. Collins, p. o. in Whitby co., Ind. Collins, tu, in Stony co., Iowa. Pop., 611. Collins, p. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. Collins, p. o. in Ionia co., Mich. Collins, tn. in McLeod co., Minn. Pop., 191. Collins, p. o. ill the above tn. Collins, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 2,100. Collins, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. E. of Angola. Collins, p. V. in Huron co., Ohio, on the Laka Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 14 mis. W. of Oberlin. Collinsburgb, p. v. in Bossier co., La., 25 in)3. N. of Shreveport. Collins Centre, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., 6 mis. N. E. of Gowantla. Collins Depot, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 5 mla. W. of Palmer. Collinsville, p. v. in Etowah co., Ala., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. R., 65 mis. from Cliattanooga. Pop. about lUO. Collinsville, p. o. in Solano co., Cal. *CollinsviHe, p. v. in Hartford co.. Conn., on a branch of the Kew Haven & Northampton R. R., 5 mis. S. E. of New Hartfortl. It has manufactories of saws, paper and axes. *Collinsville, p. v. in Madison co., 111., on the St. Louis, Vandalia & Terre Haute R. R., H mis. E. of East St. Louis. It is a tlirivmg place. Pop. about 560. One newspaper. Collinsville, p. 6. in Oceana co., Mich. Collinsville, p. v. in Lewis co., N. Y., near Lyons Falls on the Utica & Black River R. R. Collinsville, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, 10 mis. N. N. W. by railroad from Hamilton. Collinsville, p. o. in Grajson co., Tex. Collinsville, p. o. in Frederick co., Va. Collinwood, p. v. in Meeker co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R. Colloinsville, p. o. in Lycoming CO., Pa. Colnian, p. o. in St. Louis co., Mo. Colinan Station, p. o. in Dutchess co., K. Y. Colinar, p. v. in McDonough co.. 111., on the Chicago, Burlington & Qumcy R. R., 19 mis. b. \V. of Macomb. Colinar, tn. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Pop., I,sb4. Colinar, p. o. in Alontgoraery co., Pa. Colo, p. V. in Story co., Iowa, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 22 mis. W. of Marshall. Pop., 226. Cologne, p. o. in Delaware co., Ind. Cologne, tn. in Mason co., VV. Va. Pop., 1,027. Cologne, p. V. in Mason co., W. Va., on the KanawliaR. Colonia, p. o. in Cherokee co., Ala. Coloina, tn. in El Dorado co., Cal. Pop., 925. Coloina, p. V. in the above tn., 13 mis. S. W. of Auburn. Coloina, tn. in Whitesides co.. 111. Pop., 85G. Colonia, p. o. in Parke co., Ind. Colonia, p. o. in Woodson co., Kans. Coloina, p. v. in Berrien co., Mich., on the Chi- cago, JNIichigan & Lake Shore R. R., 12 mis. N. E. of Benton Harbor. Coloina, p. V, in Carroll co.. Mo., 15 mis! from Carrollton. Colonia, tn. in Waushara co.. Wis. Pop., 309. Coloina, p. V. in the above tn., 15}4 mis. W. of Wautoina. Colan, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 1,504. Colan, p. V. in the above tn., on the Michigan Central R. R., 11 mis. E. of Centreville. Pop., 398. One newspaper. Colona, tn. in Henry co., 111. Pop., 1,223. Colona Station, p. v. in above tn., on tlie Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 10 mis. W. of Geneseo. Colony, tu. in Adams co., Iowa. Pop., 190. Colony, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 1,400. Colony, p. o. in Anderson co., Kans. Colony, p. v. in Knox co., Mo., 13 mis. from Medina. Colora, p. V. in Cecil co., Md., on the Philadel- phia & Baltimcze Central R. R., 13 mis. from Perryviile. COLORADO. 229 COLORADO. COLiORADO, (admitted as a State, Feb. 1875) extends from 37° to ill4° N. lat. and from 102° to 109° long. W. of Greenwich. It liaB an area of 104,500 s'q. mis., or 66,860,000 acres, and is nearly tliirteen times as large as Mass. 6'(«7ace.— The W. portion of the territory, em- bracing about 4-7 of the area, is occupied by the principal chains of the Rocky Mts. and numer- ous subordinate ranges ; the eastern consists of rolling plains, gradually rising toward the W., where they are bounded by the foot hills of the Rocky Mts. in about 105° SV. long. The Rocky Mts. inclose elevated plains or valleys of differ- ent ai-eas, which are known as the Xorth Park, Middle Park, South Park and San Luis Park. The North Park lies between the uaain range of the Rocky Mts. and the southern part of the Medicine "Bow Mts., and owing to its northern situation and cold climate has thus far been less explored and settled than the others. The Middle Park is S. of the North Park, from which it is separated by a transverse chain. Some of the loftiest peaks of the Rocky Mts. rise upon Its rim, as Long's Peak, 14,050 feet high, about IS mis. N. of the 40th pai-allel ; Parry's Peak, 13,133 feet, and Flora's Peak, 12,878 feet, stand- ing near together; Grav's Peak, 14,145 feet,65 mis. W. of Denver ; Ut. Guvot, 13,223 feet, about 23 mis. N. of the 39th parallel ; Mt. Silverheels, from 2 to 3 mis. S. W. of Mt. Guyot and 13,650 feet high, and Mt. Lincoln, 14,123 feet, a few mis. W. N. W. of Mt. Silverheels. The Middle Park is drained by the sources of the Blue R., one of the contiuents of the Grand R., and its surface is covered by magnificent forests and broatl, open meadows. l)irectly S. of it lies South Park, the most picturesque of the series. The continental divide bounds it on the W. and separates it from the deep valley of the upper course ot the Arkansas R. The lofty peaks rising on its south-western margin are Mt. Yale, 14,078 feet, and Mt. Harvard, 14,270 loet. The San Luis Park, in the southern part of tno territory, and separated from the South Paric by the valley of the Arkansas, is by far the largest, and has an area of nearly 18,000 sq. mis. It is surrounded by the San Juan Mts. and the Sierra Mimbres. which form a magnificent panorama of snowy peaks and ranges. Thirty- live streams, descending from the encircling enowy crests, water the park. Nineteen ot these streams empty into the beautiful San Luis Lake, while the others join the Rio Grande, which traverses the park from N. to S. There are other parks of smaller area and lying E. or W. of those above described. Huerfano Park is on the north-eastern side of the San Luis Park, and is bounded by the Wet Mts. Uncom- pahgre, in the south-western part of the terri- tory, is traversed by the Uncompahgre R., a tributary of the Grand R., and has the Sierra de la Plata for its southern margin. The ranges, which branch off from the Rocky Mts. toward the W. are thus far but imperfectly explored. Thej' separate the valleys of the tributaries of the Colorado R., and gradually decrease in ele- vation toward tins great river. The maps pre- pared in the Engineer's Department exhibit the Elk Head Range in the N., the Roan, or Book Mts. further S., the Elk Mts. nearly W. of the sources of the Arkansas, and lastly "the Uncom- pahgi-e Mts., Sierra de la Plata and Sierra de San Miguel. The Spanish Peaks form a small group of lofty mountains rising E. of the San Luia Park, and S. of them are the Raton, or Rat, Bits., which inclose some of the most beau- tiful and fertile valleys of the territory. Rivers. — The continental divide traverses Colorado in a general N. and S. direction, and the drainage ot the eastern part of the terri- tory is carried into the Mississippi, while tliat of the western part finds its way into the great Colorado R. The North Platte R. drains the North Park, the South Platte rises in the South Park, and both streams then unite and. inter- sect the north-eastern part of the territory The Platte receives the Cache a Poudre Cr. Pawnee Cr. and Beaver Cr. The Arkansas R, rises due W. of Mt. Lincoln, flows S., and turn- ing W. intersects the southern part of the ter- ritory. It receives the Boiling Fountain Cr., the Huerfano R., which rises in the park of the same name, the Anista R. and the Purgatory R. This stream rises in the Raton Mts., and flows through a beautiful canyon. The N. VV. corner of the territory is interseot^ ed by the Yumpah, or Snake, R., a tributary of the Green R. White R., further S., rises in the mountain rim of the Middle Park, and also empties into the Green R. The Tunkara R., a branch of the Grand R., rises within Middle Park, receives numerous affluents, and joins the Green R. to form the Colorado. Climate — The climate of the territory resem- bles that of the eastern states in the same lati- tude, except that the air is much drier and the range of temperature between the extremes much smaller. Rain falls almost exclusively from May to July ; the other months are dry. Frost appears about the middle of September, and continues until the opening of spring, which usually occurs a month earlier than m the east. Vegetation.— Ihe plains of the eastern part of Colorado are covered with nutritious grasses, and offer excellent inducements to the grazier and stock raiser. In the mountainous part there are extensive forests. Summit co., in the N. W., including an area of nearly 20,000 sq. mis., is well watered and timbered with oak, pine and poplar woods. The parks also abound with extensive forests, which will prove of great value in the future development of the country. Population. — Colorado was organized as a ter- ritory by act of February 28, 1861. The census for 18"70 returns a population of 39,864 (or 0.38 in- habitants to the sq. mle.), of whom 33,265 were natives of the United States, including 32 natives of Colorado. The foreign-born population num- bers 6,599, of whom 663 were Canadians, 1,465 Germans, 1,358 Englishmen, and 1,685 Irishmen. Of the 17,583 persons who were engaged in dif- ferent occupations and business pursuits, 6,462 were agriculturists, 3,625 were engaged in pro- fessional and personal services, 2,815 in trade and transportation, and 4,681 in manufactures and mechanical or mining industries. Affriculiure has but recently received atten- tion. The climate renders irrigation necessary. But wherever this has been applied the results have been exceedingly favorable. The cereals and fruits produce large crops of superior qual- ity, wherever properly cultivated and irrigat- ed. Orchards have been planted in the valley of the South Platte and the upper Arkansas Rs., and promise to be entirely successful. The planting of forest trees on the arid plains has engaged the attention of but few settlers thus far ; but its feasibility has been demonstrated in the fine grove of cottonwood now growing luxuriantly in the city of Denver. The soil of the valleys, on the plateaux and along the streams, is generally rich. Some of the finest agricultu- ral lands, including about 800,000 acres, is found on the upper tributaries of the South Platte. The census returns 1,738 farms, of which 166 had less than 10 acres ; 263, from 10 to 20 acres ; 671, from 20 to 50 acres ; 371, from 50 to 100 acres ; 258, from 100 to 500 acres ; 6, from 500 to 1,000 acros, and 3 over 1,000 acres. The improved land in farms embraced 95,594 acres. The cash value of farms was $;J,385,748, and the total estimated value of all farm productions was $416,236, and of live stock, $252,394. Colo, produced 265,939 bush, of spring wheat ; 2,535 bush, of winter wheat ; 5,235 bush, of rye ; 231,903 bush, of corn ; 332,94fl bush, of oats ; 890 lbs. of tobacco ; 204,925 lbs. of wool ; 121,442 bush, of Irish pot's, and 19,787 tons of hay. The increased facilities of transporta tion greatly stimulate stock raising. A few COLORADO. 230 COLORADO RIVER. years ago beef cattle were driven from Cal. to Colo, to find a market. Since the completion of the Pacific 11. Ks. large shipments ot cattle have been made from Colo, to Cal. In 1870 Colo, had 6,446 horses ; 1,173 mules and asses ; 20,017 milch cows ; 5,566 working oxen ; 40,153 Other cattle ; 120,928 sheep, and 5,509 swine. Mining operations date as far hack as 1853, ■when gold was taken from placers near the site where now stands the city of Denver. Af- terward followed the discovery of the rich de- posits of gokl, silver, copper, lead and zinc in various portions of the mountain region. Min- ing is now carried on chiefly in the cos. of Gil- pin, Park, Clear Cr., Summit, Lake and Boulder. Gold is mostly found interinixed with silver, and silver with copper and lead. The value ot precious minerals, obtained during 1870, has been estimated at about $1,000,000, of which ijl,500,000 were yielded by the placers, and the remainder by quartz veins. The censxis reports the value at only $859,374. Copper pyrites oc- cur in the gold and silver mining districts, and silver-bearing galena (lead) is also found. Coal beds have been discovered in the mountainous districts and in the parks, and will, doubtless, aid materially in the development of the mining and industrial interests. Salt occurs near Pair Play in South Park, but the cost of furnace evaporation has been found too great to leave a profit. In several localities, however, dry and comparatively pure salt is found. Mineral springs are very abundant in the territory, par- ticularly such as contain sulphur. Those in the Middle Park range in temperature from 100° to 116° Fahr., and are found to be effica- cious in rheumatic and scrofulous diseases. In the San Juan Mts., not far from the southern boundary of the territorji, is the Pagora Spring, which has a temperature of 200°, and is report- ed to possess great curative power. Another large sulphur spring is situated near the Raton Pass, to the east of the San Luis Park. Manufactures. — The manufacturing interests are as yet of limited importance. In 1870 there were 250 establisments (each producing over $.500 worth of goods), which employed capital of $1,593,380 and 876 hands. The products had a value of $2,852,820, and consisted of flour, meal, lumber and cast-iron. Education.— Colo, has 135 schools and 145 teach- ers. The total population over 5 and below 21 years of age was, in 1870, 8,593, of which number 5,345 persons were enrolled in the public schools. The receipts for school purposes ($98,105) were mostly received from taxation. The number of newspapers and journals published in the terri- tory was, in 1870,fourteen, and in 1873,thirtj'-one. Wealth and Taxation. — Tlie total assessed wealth of the territory was, according to the last census, $17,338,101, of which sum $8,840,811 were real estate, and $8,497,290 personal estate. The total taxation (not national) was $362,197. The territorj' has no bonded debt. Oovernmeni- — Tiie constitution of Colo, was framed by a convention on August 12, 1865, and atlopted by the people September 5th of the same j'ear. The capital was formerly at Gold- en City, but is now at Denver. The legislature consists of a council of 13 members, and a house of representatives of 26 members. The general election is on the 1st Tuesday of October. Colo, is divided into the following 21 cos: Arapahoe, Bent, Boulder, Clear Cr., Conejos, Costilla, Douglas, El Paso, Premont, Gilpin, Greenwood, Huerfano, Jefl'erson, Lake, Lari- mer, Las Animas,- Park, Pueblo, Saquache, Summit, AVeld. Colorado, co. in Tex., E. central part. Area about 1,015 sq'. mis. Pop., 8,326 ; in 1S60, 7,885. This CO. extends on both sides of the Colorado 11., from which it derives its name, and in- cludes a portion of its valley. The latter is a low alluvial and very productive plain ; the higher tracts on both sides of it are undu- lating and consist mostly of prairies. Tho southern part of the co. is drained by Sandy Cr.. a tributary of the Lavaca R. Columbus is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Rye, 51 bush.; Indian-corn, 130,423 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,048 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,442 bush.; cotton, 2,796 bales ; butter, 40,165 lbs.; hay, 530 tons. Cash value of farms, $493,890. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $335,115. Value of manufactures, $69,948. Colorado, p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. Colorado, 15. o. in Schuylkill co., Pa. Colorado City, p. v. and the co. seat of EI Paso CO., Colo., 60 mis. S. of Denver. It lies on Fountain-qui-bout Cr., where it emerges from the Rocky Mts. Colorado River, large stream in Tex., rises on the Llano Estacado in the N. W. part of the state, and intersects the latter from X. VV. to S. E., emptying into Matagorda B., near the village. Matagorda, Austin, Bastrop, La Grange and Columbus lie upon its banks. It is navigable as high up as Austin, about 300 nils. al)ove its mouth. Colorado River, also called the Colorado of the West, to distinguish it from the sev- eral Colorado or Red Rs. of our country, no- tably from the Colorado R. of Tex., the Red R. of the N., etc.; is formed by the confluence of the Green R. and the Grand R. The Green R. rises on the W. slope of the "Wind River Mts. of Wyo., near i'remont's Peak. Its sour- ces are not far from those of the AVind R., Yellow Stone R. and Snake R. Atflrst it flows S. through the desert plateau of southern Wyo., which lies between the AVahsatch Mts. and the Wind River Mts. Arriving near the northern base of the Uintah Mts. it turns E. and then resumes a southerly course through the narrow valley or cafion which separates the Uintah Mts. and numerous extensions of the Wahsatch Mts. from the Sierra Escalante and other ranges, until it joins the Grand R. in lat. 38° 27'. The principal tributaries of the Green R. are the Bear R. and White R. from the E., and the Muddy Fork, the Uin- tah R., another White R. and Akanaquint Cr. from the W. The Grand R. rises in the Rocky Mts., a range of which separates its sources from those of the Arkansas R. Its course lies entirely between lofty mountains, and its principal tributary, the Bnnkara R., rises in the Middle Park-, and flows between the Roan and Elk Mts. The head waters of the Bun- kara, which drain the Middle Park, are the Gilpin R., James R., Bangs R., Milk R. and Blue R. From the junction of the Green and Grand Rs. the Colorado flows S. W. through Utah and northern Ariz., until it is joined by the Little Colorado, or Flax, R., when it ab- ruptly turns N. W., which course it pursues as far as the little town of Callville. From this point it follows a southerly course, until it empties into the northern angle of the Gulf of California in lat. 31° 50'. It receives several important tributaries from the E. and S. E., as the JuanR., the Flax R., Bill Williams Fork and the Gila R. Small steamboats as- cend the Colorado R. to Callville. From the junction of the Green and Grand Rs. to Call- ville, a distance of over 350 mis., the Colorado R. flows through a series of tremendous chasms, known by the Spanish name of "cauons." They are rents or ravines in the lofty plateaux, as the W^hite Mesa and others, which occupy southern-western Utah ana northern Ariz. These caOons are hemmed in by nearly perpentliculur rocky walls of im- mense lieijiht, often exceedhig 5,000 or 6,000 feet, shutting out the light from the R., which flows througli these somber depths. [See the Report of Lieut. Joseph C. Ives, upon the Colorado River of the West, putlisheU at . Washington, 1861.] COLOBADO SPRINGS. 231 COLUMBIA. Colorado Springs, p. v. in El Paso co. , Colo., on the Denver & Rio Grande R. R., near Colo- rado city and Pikes Peak. Pop. about 2,000. Colosse, p. V. in Oswego co., N. V., 11 mis. S. of Pulaski. Colqnltt, CO. in Ga., S. part. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 1,654; in 1860, 1,316. Little River, a tribu- tary of the Withlacachee, forms the eastern boundary. Ocopilca and Ochlokonee Rs. intersect the co. The surface is low and level, and consists partly of unproductive sand and partly of fertile "hummock" land. Moultrie IS the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Indian-corn, 24,1.3'2 bush.; oats, 6,801 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,834 bush.; cotton, 327 bales ; rice, 9,150 lbs.; butter, 6,430 lbs. Cash value of farms, $77,912. Total, estimated, value of all farm prodiictions, including additions to stock, etc., $109,059. Colqnit, p. v. and co. seat of Miller co., Ga., on Spring Cr., a tributary of the Flint R., and 20 mis. N. W. of Bainbridge. Cotton and sugar cane are raised in the vicinity. Pop., 420. One newspaper. | Ooltharp's, p. o. in Houston co., Tex. Col ton, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 1,719. *Colton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Grass R. and 10 mis. S. of Potsdam. Colton, p. V. in Henry co., Ohio, on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 10 mis. N. E. of Na- poleon. Colt's BCecli, p. V. in Monmouth eo., N. J., 5J4 mis. N. E. of Freehold. Colnmbia, p. v. in Henry CO., Ala., on the Sel- ma & DaltonR. R., 72mls. from Selma. One newspaper. Columbia, co. in Ark., S. W. part ; bordering on La. Area, 1,159 sq. mis. Pop., 11,397; in 1860, 12,449. The surface is level and consists mostly of fertile praii-ies. The Cjqu-ess Ba- you and the Bayou Dorcheat are tlie most im- portant streams. Magnolia is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 3,149 bush.: Indian-corn, 245,388 bush.; oats, 5,203 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,300 bush.; sweet pot's, 48,024 bush.; tobacco, 100 lbs.; cotton, 5,565 bales. Cash value of farms, $624,595. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $808,931. Value of manu- factures, $33,440. Colnmbia, tn. in Tuolumne co., Cal. Pop., 2,192. 'Columbia, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. of Sonora and on the Stanislaus R. In the vicini- ty are productive gold mines, and the village has several quartz mills. Pop., 1,125. Columbia, tn. in Tolland co.. Conn. Pop., 891. Columbia, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. E. by S. of Hartford. Colnmbia, co. in Fla., N. E. part, bordering on Ga. Area about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 7,335 ; in 1860,4;646. The Suwanee R. bounds it on the N. W. and its tributaries travei'se it. The surface is low and level, the soil sandy and in some parts gwamjiy. Large tracts are cov- ered with forests of "the long-leaved and other species of pine. The railroad from Bruns- wick to Tallahassee intersects the co. from E. to W. Lake City is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Rye, 166 bush.; oats, 24,798 bush.; Indian-corn, 103,317 bush.; Irish pot's, 844 bush.; sweet pot's, 32,316 bush.; cotton, 1,124 bales; rice, 2,519 lbs.; butter, 7,132 lbs.; hay, 10 tons. Cash value of farms, $423,945. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $369,- 710. Value of manu^factures, $26,230. Columbia, co. in Ga., E. part. Area, 213 sq. mis. Pop., 13,529; in 1860, 11,860. It is bounded on the E. by the Savannah R. and on the N. by tlie Little R. The surface is generally level or slightly undulating. The soil is pro- ductive. Tlie Georgia R. R. passes through the CO. from E. to W. Appling is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 8,699 bush.; rye, 416 bush.; Indian-corn, 121,160 bush.; oats, 11,864 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,604 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,092 bush.; cotton, 7,434 bales; butter, 46,311 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,136,235. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., -11,025,498. ^Columbia, p. v. in Monroe CO., 111., 4 mis. B. of the Mississippi R. and 15 mis. S. of East St. Louis. Pop., 1,245. Columbia, tu. in Dubois co., Ind. Pop., 1,622. Columbia, tn. in Fayette co., Ind. Pop., 929. Columbia, p. v. in the above tn., 214 mis. W. of Null Town. Columbia, tn. in Gibson co., Ind. Pop., 2,238. Columbia, tn. in Jennings co., Ind. Pop., 1,272. Columbia, tn. in Martin co., Ind. Pop., 831. Colnmbia, tn. in Whitley co., Ind. Pop., 2,934. Columbia, jd. v. in Marion co., Iowa, 21 mis. from Pella. Pop., 104. Columbia, tn. in Tama co., Iowa. Pop., 718. Columbia, tn. in WapeUo co., Iowa. Pop., 2,101. Colnmbia, p. v. and co. seat of Adair co., Ky., on Russell's Cr. and 35 mis. S. of Lebanon. Pop., 500. One newspaper. Columbia, p. v. and co. seat of Caldwell par- i.sh. La., on the Washita R., 230 mis. above East Baton Rouge. Pop., 235. Columbia, tn. in Washington co., Me. Pop., 668. Colnmbia, p. v. in the above tn., on Pleasant R. and 11 mis. E. of Narraguagus. Columbia, tu. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 1.002. Columbia^ p. o. in the above tn. Colnmbia, tn. In Van Buren co., Mich. Pop., 1,269. Colnmbia, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 424. Columbia, p. v. and co. seat of Marion eo.. Miss., on the Pearl R., 30 mis. below Mouticello. Pop., 66. Colnmbia, tn. in Boone co.. Mo. Pop., 5,560. ^Columbia, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the North Missouri R. R., 7 mis. E. of Rocheport and 22 mis. S. S. W. of Centralia ; is surrounded by a rich agricultural district. It has an active trade, and is the scat of the State University. Pop., 2,236. Two newspapers. Columbia, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 7.52. Columbia, p. v. in the above tn., on the Con- necticut R., 814 T^^s. N. of Coos. Columbia, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., on the Delaware R., opposite Portland, Pa. Colnmbia, co. in N. Y., E. part. Area, 625 sq. mis. Pop., 47,044 ; in 1860, 47,172. It lies be- t^veen the Hudson R., in the W., and Mass. and Conn., in the E., and is drained by several small tributaries ot the Hudson, as Roeloflf's Cr., etc. The surface in the E. is hilly, in the W. level and low, having a fertile soil. Mar- ble, iron and lead ores are abundant, and the Lebanon Springs, near New Lebanon, are famous for their medicinal properties, and much resorted to. The co. is intersected by the Hudson River R. R., the Harlem R. R. and the Boston & Albany R. R., a branch of which connects Chatham with the co. seat, Hudson. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,932 bush.; rye, 426,408 bush.; Indian-corn, 336,281 bush.; oats, 942,307 bush.; Irish pot's, 678,480 bush.; sweet pot's, 6 bush.; wool, 233,196 lbs.; butter, 1,227,274 lbs.; hay, 112,878 tons. Cash value of farms, $26,450,746. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,640,317. Value of manufactures, $6,737,568. Colnmbia, tn. in Herkimer co., N. T. Pop., 1,637. Columbia, p. v. in the above tn., 7^ mis. S. of Herkimer. Columbia, p. v. and co. seat of Tyrrel co., N. C, on Scuppernong R., near the southern shore of Albemarle Sound. Columbia, tn. in Hamilton co.,Ohio. Pop., 3,184. COLUMBIA. 232 COLUMBIANA. Colnmbia, p. v. in the above tn., on the Little Miami K. R. and on the Ohio R., 5 mis. E. of Cincinnati. Pop., 1,105. Colnmbia, tn. m Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., 892. Colnmbia, tn. in Meigs co., Ohio. Pop., 1,28G. Colnmbia, co. in Oreg., N. part. Area ahout 730 sq. mis. Pop., 863; in 1860, 5S5. It is "bounded on the N. and E. hy the CoUimbia R. The surface is hilly in the western part, low and level in the eastern and northern. The Kloskamine R. and the Seapoose R., tribu- taries of the Columbia, are the principal streams. Saint Helen is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: "Wheat, 1,619 bush.; In- dian-corn, 1,1 G9 bush.: oats, 2,260 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,337 bush.; wool, 4,."S2 lbs.; butter, 25,- 195 lbs.; hay, 1,850 tons. Cash value of farms, $194,160. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $72,244. "Value of manufactures, .$76,433. Colnmbia, co. in Pa., central ixirt. Area about 400 sa- mis. Pop., 28,766 ; in 1860, 25,06.5. The Alleghany Mts. trend along the N. bound- ary. The East Branch of the Susquehanna B. flows through the co. from E. to "W". North of its valley are Knob Mts., Montours Ridge and other ranges of the great Appalachian System, and S. of it Long Mt., McCauley's Mt. and Little Mt. The Susquehanna receives Fishing Cr. from the N., and Catawissa Cr. and Roaring Cr. from the S. Shamokin Cr. rtses in the southern part. Tlic soil of the valleys is very fertile, that of the mountains unproductive. Iron and limestone are abund- ant. The CO. is intersected by the Lackawanna & Bloomstaurgh R. R., and the Catawissa R. R. Bloomsburgh is the co. scat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: "Wheat, 240yr.59 bush.; rye, 50,616 bush.; oats, 406,031 bush.; Indian-coi-n, 589,472 bush,; Irish pot's, 182,124 bush.; sweet pot's, 29 bush.; butter, 468,398 lbs.; hay, 22,132 tons. Cash value of farms, $0,015,460. Total, estima- ted, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,840,189. "Value of manufactures, $2^06,290. Colnmbia, tn. in Bradford co., Pa. Pop., 1,.52I. ^Columbia, p. borough in Lancaster co.. Pa.; lies on the E. bank of the Susquehanna R., at the E. terminus of the Reading & Columbia R. R., and on the Penusj'lvania Central R. R., 12 mis. W. of Lancaster, the co. seat, and 46 mis. S.W. of Reading. It contains an academy, several rolling mills, blast furnaces and grist mills. Pop., 6,461. Three newspapers. Colnmbia, v. in Venango co.. Pa., on the Oil Creek & Alleghany Kiver R. R., 6 mis. E. of Oil City. *Colnmbia, city and co. seat of Richland co., and state capital of S. C; situated at the head of navifjation of the Congaree R., immediately below tlie .iunctiou of the Saluda and Broad JRs.; is tlie E. terminus of the Greenville & Col- umbia R. R.; the north-western terminus of the South Carolina R. R., and a station on the Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta R. R., 89 mis. K. W. of Augusta, Ga., 130 mis. N. "SV. of Charleston, and 195 nals. W. of Wilmington, N.C. The city is picturesquely situated and beau- tifully laid out. The streets are wide and mostly lined with shade trees. The gardens and plantations in and iiear the city are noted for their trim appearance and careful culti- vation. The State Capitol, when comjileted, will be one of the flnest edifices in the Union. South Carolina College, founded in 1S04, is a famous institution, and had, before the late war, .a valuable library of over 20,000 volumes. The Prcsliyti'iiau Theological College and the Roman Catholic College are also worthy of notice. In 1865 (Feb. 17th) General Sherman passed through the city on his famous " march to the sea," and found it in flames, which de- stroyed a large part of it. Columbia has re- covered from this calamity, and will soon at- tain to its former prosperity. Its commerce is considerable, as it is the shipping center for the agricultural pi-oducts of^ a large por- tion of the state. The river affords immense water-power, which will make the city a great manufacturing place when fully utilized. Northern capitalists have of late made in- vestments here with this view. Twelve news- papers and periodicals are published in Col- umbia. ^Colnmbia, p. v. and co. seat of Maury co., Tenn., on Duck R. and the Nashville & Deca- tur R. R., 46 mis. S. S. "W. of Nashville ; is tha seat of Jackson College, and has two female colleges and other excellent schools. The vicinity is wealthy and populous, agriculture being the principal business. Pop., 2,550. One newspaper. Colnmbia, p. v. in Brazoria co., Tex., on the Brazos R. and the Houston & Brazoria R. R., 50 mis. S. of Houston. Pop., 725. Colnmbia, tn. in Fluvanna co., Va. Pop., 2,331. Colnmbia, p. v. in Fluvanna co., "Va., at the junction of the Rivanna and James Rs., and on the James River Canal, 53 mis. W. by N. of Richmond. Colnmbia, co. in Wis., central part. Area about 790 sq. mis. Pop., 28,802; in 1S60, 24,441. The surface is pleasantly undulating and the soil fertile. The principal stream is the "Wis- consin R. At the sharp curve on which Port- age City is situated it is but 114 mle. distant from the Neenah R., a tributary of the Fox R., which empties into Green B. A canal has here been constructed, Avhich thus completes a water communication from Lake Michigan to the Mississippi R. Several branches of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. intersect the co. and join at Portage City, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: "VVheat, 1,517,.332 bush.; rye, 40,844 bush.; Indian-corn, 528, .541 bush.; oats, 678,907 bush.; Irish pot's, 202,068 bush.; sweet pot's, 160 bush.; butter, 70u,.516 lbs.; hay, 44,184 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,422,097. Total, estimated, value of all farm jjroduc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,- 913,397. Value of manufactures. $713,139. Colnmbia Centre, p. v. in Licking co., Ohio, on the Ohio Division .of the Baltimore & Ohio B. R., 16 mis. W. by S. of Newark. Pop., 205. *Colnmbia City, city and co. seat of Whitley CO., Ind., on the Eel R. and the Pittsburgh. Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 19 mis. W. by N. of Fort Wayne. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural district. Pop., 1,665. Threenews- papers. Colnmbia City, p. o. in Columbia co., Oreg. Colnmbia Cross Roads, p. v. in Bradford CO., Pa., on the Northern Central R. R., 4^^ nils. N. of Troy. Colnmbia Falls, tn. in Washington co., Me. Pop., 608. Colnmbia Farm, p. v. in Venango co.. Pa., on Oil Cr. and the Oil Creek and AUeghauj' River R. R., O'-^mls. N. of Oil City. Colnmbi'a Fnrnace, p. v. in Shenandoah co., \'a., 6 nils, from Kdcnburgh. Colnmbian Grove, tn. in Lunenburgh co., Va. Pop., 1,422. Colninbiana, co. in Ohio, E. part ; borders on Pa. Area nearly 500 sq. mis. Pop., 38,299; in 1860, 32,836. The surface is hilly and undulat- ing, particularly in the S. E. part. The larg- est stream is the Ohio R., which forms the ». E. boundary It receives Little R., Yellow Cr. and Sandy "Cr. The soil is very productive. Coal .and iron ore are abundant. The north- ern part of the co. is intersected by the Pitts- burgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., the south- ern by the Ciiicinnati & Pittsburgh. New Lisbon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 270,190 bush.; rye, 25,175 hush.; COLUMBIANA. 233 COLUMBUS. Indian-corn, 566,242 bush.; oats, 653,001 bush.; Irish pot's, 163,434: bush.; sweet pot's, 1,135 bush.; butter, 848,882 lbs.; hay, 45,301 tons. Cash value of farms, $17,419,789. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,623,912. Value of manufactures, $2,807,947. Colnmbiana, p. v. and co. seat of Shelby co., Ala., on the Solma, Ronie & Dalton R. R., 37 mis. S. W. of Talladega. ^Colambiaiia, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh. Fort Waj'ue & Chicago R. R., 60 mis. N. W. of Pittsliurgh. Pop., 870. Columbia Grove, p. o. in Luueuburgli co., Va. Columbia River rises in the Rocky j\Its., British Columbia, and empties into the Paci- fic Ocean. Its source is a small lake in 50° jST. lat. and 110° W. long. The river at first flows N. W. along the base of the Rocky Mts. In 52° 30' N. lat. it turns S. and pursues this course to about 46° N. lat., and thence it flows W., forming the boundary between Oreg. and Wash. Ter. It breaks through the Cascade Mts. in deep gorges, forming cascades and rapids. It is navigable from its mouth to the foot of the Cascade Mts. for about 150 mis., and again above its passage through this range to Fort Walla Walla. Its principal af- fluents from the right are the Okinabaw R., Wenatshapan R., the Upper Yakima R., the Wenass R., the Yakima R., the Cath-a-poote R. and the Cowlitz R. The tributaries enter- ing on its left bank are larger than those mentioned, as the Kootanie R., Clarks Fork, which drains Lake Pend d'Oreille, the Spok- ane R., the Snake R., or Lewis Fork, all rising in the Rocky Mts. and receiving the drainage from their western slopes. Below the Snake R., the Columbia receives the Walla Walla R., Umatilla R. and John Days R., all rising in the Blue Mts. The Des Chutes R. rises in th<^. Cascade Mts. and flows along their eastern base, and the Willamette R. traverses a ri-^i; valley in Oreg., between the Cascade and the Coast Mts. The first exploration of the Col- umbia and the country which it intersects was made by Captains Lewis and Clark, in 1804-5. Columbia Station, p. v. in Lorain co., Ohio, on the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R. 19 mis. S. VV. of Cleveland. Colnmbiaville, p. y. in Lapeer co., Mich., 11 nils, from I^apeer. Colninbus, co. in N. C, S. part ; borders on S. C. Area about 580 sq. mis. Pop., 8,474 ; in 1860, 8,597. It is bounded on the W. by the Little Pedee R., on the E. by the Waccamaw R., and on the N. by Slade Cr. Many of the water-courses flow through Inroad swamps and marshes. The surface is level. Whites- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wlieat, 97 bush.; rye, 1,013 bush.; Indian-corn, 65,972 bush.; oats 209 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,791 bush; sweet pot's, 79,307 bush.; butter, 4,719 lbs. Cash value of farms, $l6i,127. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $691,123. Value of manufactures, $253,680. Columbus, p. V. in Hempstead co.. Ark., 10 mis. W. of Washington, theco. seat. *Colnnibus, city and the co. seat of Muscogee CO., Ga., on the Chattahoochie R.; is the ter- minus of the Southwestern Georgia R. R., and is 100 mis. W. by S. of Macon, and 292 mis. from Savannah. It lies opposite Girard, Ala., whence two railroad lines branch oflf to Mo- bile and to Opelika. Thus Columbus is con- nected by railroad with the principal southern cities. The Chattahoochee R.is navigable from Columbus to its mouth. It is surrounded by a rich and populous agricultural district, but it owes its prosperity chiefly to the shipping of cotton, for which it is admirably located. It has also some manufacturing establish- ments producing cotton goods, cotton gins, woollen goods, ii'on and agricultural imple- ments. Pop., 7,401 ; in 1860, 9,621 ; in 1850, 5,942 Four newspapers. Columbus, tn. in Adams CO., 111. Pop., 975. Columbus, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis. frons Coalsburg. Columbus, tn. In Bartholomew CO., Ind. Pop., 5,187. *Columbus, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Blue R., below the mouth of Flat Rock Cr., audat the intersection of the Jeffer- sonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R. with the Madison Division, 24 mis. S. of Shelbyville and 41 mis. S. S. E. of Indianapolis. It has a woollen factory, flouring mills, tanneries, etc. Pop., 3,359. Two newspapers. *Columbus, p. V. and the co. seat of Cherokee CO., Kans., on the Missouri R. and tlie Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., 50 mis. S. of Fort Scott. Pop., 402. It lies in a good farming region, and has one newspaper. ^Columbus, p. V. in Hiclanan co., Ky., on the Mississipipi R.; is the terminus of the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 472 mis. from Mobile, Ala., and 7 mis. N. of Clinton. It has much river trade, especially in lumber. Pop., 1,574. One news- paper. Columbus, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 1.218. Columbus, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. W. ol St. Clair. Columbus, tn. in Anoka co., Minn, Pop., 71. *Columbus, city and co. seat of Lowndes co.. Miss., near the Tombigby R.; is the terminus of a branch R. R. 14 ihls. long, connecting it with Artesia on the Mobile & Ohio R. R. It is surrounded by a rich farming district, and ships much cotton. The river is navigable at all seasons. Pop., 4,812. Six newspapers. Columbus, tn. in .Johnson co.. Mo. Pop., 1,394. Columbus, p. V. in' the above tn., 12 mis. from Warrensburg. Pop., 168. *Columbus, p. V. in Platte co., Nebr., on the Lrnion Pacific R. R., 92 mis. W. of Omaha. Pop., 526. It is the center of commerce for a f(U'tile farming region. One newspaper. Columbus, p. o. in Esmeralda co., Nev. Columbus, p. V. in Burlington co., K. J., 8 mis. E. of Burlington. Columbus, tn. in Chenango co., JT. Y. Pop., 1.197. Columbus, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. E. of Sherburne, *Columbus, p. V. and the co. seat of Polk co., N. C, near the base of the Blue Ridge and 37 mis. K. W. of Spartansburg, S. C. *Columbus, city, co. seat of Franklin co., and capital of the state of Ohio, on the Scioto R., 90 mis. above its mouth ; is the western ter- minus of the Central Ohio Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R ; the southern terminus of the Colunibus Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. K.; the north-western terminus of the Columbus & Hocking Valley R. R., and a station on the Pittsburgh, Cinchmati & St. Louis R. R. It is 193 mis. VV. by S. of Pittsburgh, Pa.; 13Smls. S. W. of Cleveland, and 120 mis. N, E. of Cm- cinnati. The city was laid out in 1812 ; liad 700 in- habitants in 1815 ; became the provisional seat of government in 1817 ; was incorporated in 1834, and was made the permanent capital in 1837. In 1850 it had 17,882 inhabitants ; in 1860, 18,554 ; and in 1870, 31,274, of whom 23,663 were natives of the United States, and 7,611 foreigners. The site of the city is level, and the streets are regularly laid out. The State Capital is a doric structure surmounted by a handsome cupola, and embellished with line coloiiades. It stands in a square 10 acres large, which is tastefully arranged, and planted with state- ly elms. The City Hall, a gothic building, faces the Capitol Square. The United States Arsenal is iu the north-eastern suburb, near COLTJMBUS. 234 COMO DEPOT. the lallroad, and comprises numerous build- ings, armory, store-houses, offices and quar- ters. The State Penitentiary, on the left bank of the river, the Central Ohio Lunatic Asylum, the Idiot Asylum, the Blind Asj'ium and the Deaf and Dumb Asylum are other public edifices, notable alike for size and beauty of design. High street, with the fine retail stores, hotels and business establish- ments, Town and I5road streets, with the ele- gant private residences, and Broadway, liiO feet wide and lined with four rows of trees, are the principal streets of the city. The Goodale Park, at the north end, and the City Park, at the south end of the city, embrace each about 40 acres of ground and are attrac- tive resorts. Columbus has iron foundries and other manufacturing establishments, and an exten- sive commerce in grain, wool and live stock. The Ohio Canal, which connects the city with Cleveland, on Lake Erie, and Portsmouth, on the Ohio R., is its only water communication for lieavy freights. The educational establishments are excel- lent. In 1871 the number of children of school age was 11,395, of whom 5,683 were eni-oUed in the public schools, while the average attend- ance was 4,003. The higher institutions of learning are: Starling Medical College, the Capital University, and the High School. There are 18 newspapers and periodicals pub- lished in Columbus, of whieli the following are the most prominent : " Ohio State Jour- nal," "Ohio Statesman " (both daily and week- ly), " Columbus Westbote " (Gerriian), week- ly ; and the "Odd Fellows' Companion," monthly. Columbus, tn. in "Warren co.. Pa. Pop., 1,257. Columbus, p. V. in the above tn., on the At- lantic & Great Western K. R., 3% mis. N. E. of Corry. *Columbus, p. v. and co. seat of Colorado co., Tex., on the Colorado R., 95 mis. S. E. of Aus- tin ; lies in a very fertile alluvial valley, and is rapidly improving. One newspaper. Columbus, p. o. in Klikitat co.. Wash. Ter. Columbus, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 2,840. *Coluinbus, p. V. in the above tn., on the Ci'awflsh R. and the Milwaukee & St. Paul II. R., 63 mis. from Milwaukee. Pop., 1,388. It is the business center for a fertile and prosper- ous agricultural region. Two newspapers. Columbus City, tn. in Louisa co., Iowa. Pop., 2,344. ^Coluuibus City, p. v. in the above tn., on the Southwestern Branch of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 22 mis. S. W. of Musca- tine and 2 mis. W. of Columbus Junction. ^^Columbus Orove, p. v. in Putnam CO., Ohio, 7 mis. l)y railroad S. of Ottawa. Pop., 358. Columbus Junction, p. v. in Louisa co., Iowa, at the intersection of the Southwestern Branch of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. with the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 20 mis. S. W. of Muscatine. Pop., 850. Colusa, tn. in Colusa co., Cal. Pop.. 2,193. *Colusa, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. scat, on the Sacramento R., 20 mis. W. of I'uba City. Pop., 1,051. It is engaged in agriculture and stock raising, and has one newspaper. Colusa, CO. in Cal., N. central part. Pop., 6,165; in 1860, 2,274. Tlie western boundary is formed by the Sacramento R.; the east- ern extends into and comprises a section of the Coast Ranges. The hills and moun- tains are covered with wild oats and a variety of grasses, aftbrding abundant pasturage. The two-thirds of the co. wluch form i)art of the level plain of the Sacramento U. con- sist of rich iilluvial and less fertile prairie lands. Considerable quantities of wheat, barley, oats, etc., are protlueed. Deposits of sulphur, cinnabar and copper occur among the foot-hills of the Coast Range. Colusa is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 701,174 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,330 bush.; oats, 480 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,708 bush.; sweet pot's, 364 bush.; wool, 1,086,599 lbs.; butter, 37,577 lbs.; hay, 11,214 tons. Cash value oi farms, $4,408,064. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,011,830. Value of manufactui'es, $252,743. Colusa, p. o. in Hancock co.. 111. Colville, tn. in Benton co.. Ark. Pop., 750. Colvin's Store, p. o. in Greene co., Ala. Comal, CO. in Tex., central part. Area about 890 sq. mis. Pop., 5,283: in 1860, 4,030, It is bounded on the S. W. by the Rio Cibolo, a tribu- tary of the St. Antonia R., and intersected by the Guadalupe R., with its attlucnt, the Comal R., from which the co. has derived its name. The surface is hilly and the soil productive, particularly that of the bottoms along the streams. Kew Braunfels is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,968 bush.; rye, 3.972 bush.; Indian-corn, 169,250 bush.; oats, 150 bush.; Irish pot's, 106 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,913 busli.; cotton, 1,303 bales; butter, 69,305 lbs.; hay, 1,309 tons. Cash value of farms, $632,950. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $260,350. Value of manufactui-es, $180,- 026. Comal Town, v. in Comal CO., Tex., near New Braunfels. Comanche, co. in Tex., N. part. Area, l.OSO sq. mis. Pop., 1,001 ; in 1860, 709. It lies be- tween the Leon River Mts. and the Comanche jNIts., and is intersected by the Leon R. from N. W. to S. E., which receives Colony Ci*., Buckeye Cr., Rush Cr. and Mercer Cr. The surface is hilly and consists mostly of prairies. Wood is not abundant. Comanche is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,368 bush.; Indian-corn, 39,292 bush.; oats, 1,432 bush.; Irish pot's, 84 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,722 bush. Cash value of farms, $40,595. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $28,326. Comanche, p. v. in Comanche co., Tex., on a tributary of the Leon R. Comanche Spring's, p. o. in McLennan co., Tex. Coinan's Well, p. o. in Sussex co., Va. Comers Bluff, p. o. in Tippah CO., Miss. Comettsburg', p. o. in Beaver CO., Pa. Comfort, p. v. in Kerr co., Tex., 6 mis. W. ox Sisterdale. Conily, p. o. in Montour co.. Pa. Comuiack, p. v. in Sulfolk co., N. Y., 6J^ mis. S. E. of Centreport. Commerce, p. o. in Conecuh co., Ala. Commerce, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop., 1,392. Commerce, p. v. in the above tn'., 13 mis. from Pontiac. Commerce, v. in Tunica co,, Miss., on the Mississippi R , 18 mis. Nl E. of Austin, Commerce, tn. in Scott co., Mo, Pop., 1,207. *Commerce, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Mississippi R. and lo mis. N. E. of Morley. One newspaper. Commerce, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn, Commerce Mills, p. o. in Polk co., Iowa. Commercial Point, p. o. in Union co., Ky. Commercial Point, p. o. in Pickaway co., Ohio. Conimislicy, p. o. in Jennings CO., Ind. Communia, p. o. in Clayton co., Iowa. Communipaw, v. in Bergen co., N, J., on New York B., 2 mis. S. of Jersey City. Conio, p. o. in Dallas co., Ailv, Como, p. V. in Whitesides co.. 111., on the Rock 11., and 1 mle. from Gait. Como, p. o. iu Henry co., Tenn. Cortio l>epot, p. v.'in Panola co., Miss., on the COMORN. 235 CONCOED STATION. Mississippi & Tennessee K. R., 15J^ mis. JT. of Panola. Comorn, p. v. in King George CO., Va., 15 mis. from lYeaerioksburgti. •Conipaay's Sbops, p. v. in Alamance co., X. C, on the Richmond and Danville R. R., 13 mis. W. of Graham, the co. seat. Pop. about 700. Competlue, tu. in Wapello co., Iowa. Pop., 1,03B. Coinpetine, p. o. in the above tn. Competition, p. o. in Laclede co., Mo. Compromise, tn. in Champaign co.. 111. Pop., 707. Compromise, p. o. in the above tn. Compton, p. o. in Los Angeles CO., Cal. Comstock, p. o. in Wapello co., Iowa. Conistock, tn. in Kalamazoo co., Mich. Pop., 2,01S. Comstock, p. V. in the above tn., on the Michi- gan Central R. R., 4 mis. E. of Kalamazoo. Corastock's Xiauding', p. v. in Washington CO., N. y., on the Saratoga & Whitehall R. R., 65 mis. N. of Troy, and on the Champlain Canal. Coiiaway, p. o. in Tyler co., W. Va. Conception, p. o. in Nodaway co., Mo. Conception, p. o. in Duvall co., Tex. Coneortl, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ala. Concord, p. o. in Contra Costa co., Cal. Concord, tn. in Greene co., Ark. Pop., 9G0. Concord, p. v. in Susses co., Del., 3 mis. E. of Seaford. Concord, p. o. in Gadsden co., Fla. Concord, p. o. in Pike co., Ga. Concord, tn. in Adams co., 111. Pop., 1,140. Concord, tu. in 15ureau co., 111. Pop., 2,309. Concord, tu. in Iroquois co.. 111. Pop., 87S. Concord, tn. in Morgan co., 111. Pop., 1,280. Concord, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rock- ford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 19 mis. S. of Reardstown. Concord, tn. in Do Kalb co., Ind. Pop., 1,472. Concord, tn. iu Elkhart co., Ind. Pop., 4,725. Concord, v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., 3 mis. from Raubs. Concord, tn. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pop., 1,109. Concord, tn. in Hancock Co., Iowa. Pop., 149. Concord, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 1% mis. from Garner. Concord, tn. in Louisa CO., Iowa. Pop., 892. Concord, tu. in Ottawa Co., Kans. Pop., 729. Concord, p. o. in Lewis CO., Ky. Concord, tn. in Somerset co.. Me. Pop., 452. Concord, p. o. in the above tu. Concord, p. o. in Caroline CO., Md. Concord, tu. in Middlesex co., Mass. PoiJ., *Concord, p. v. and co. seat of the above co., on the Eitchbnrg R. R., 20 mis. W. of Boston, and on the Concord R. It has cotton and woollen manufactories. Concord, tn. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 1,465. Concord, p! v. iu the above tu., on the Air Line Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 13 mis. W. of Jackson. One newsjjaper. Concord, tn. in Dodge co., Minn. Pop., 792. Concord, p. v. in the above tn., on a branch of the Zumbro R., and 13 mis. N. of Casson. Concord, p. V. iu Callaway co.. Mo., 10 mis. by railroad S. of Mexico. Concord, tn. in Clinton co.. Mo. Pop., 2,491. Concord, tn. in Washington co., Mo. Pop., 1,343. <;;oncord, p. o. iu Cass co., Nebr. ♦Concord, city, co. seat of Merrimack co., and state capital of N. H., on the right bank of the MeiTimack R.; is the eastern terminus of the Concord, Claremont & Contocook R. R.; the western terminus of the Portisuiouth R. R., and the southern terminus of the Boston, Concord, Montreal & White Mountains R. R. It is 18 mis. from Manchester and 73 mis. from Boston, Mass. The city stands upon a level ground grad- ually rising from the river bank, and consists chiefly of two principal streets, extending two mis. long and parallel to the river. The State Capitol occupies an entire square of ground, and is built of the celebrated Concord granite. The other public buildings of inter- est are : the City Hall and Court House, on Main street ; the State Prison, on State street, and the Asylum for the Insane, in the western part of the city. The population was, in 1850, 8,570 ; in 1860, 10,896 ; iu 1870, 12,241, of whom 10,577 were natives of the United States, and 1,664 foreigners. The population is almost wholly white, there being but 36 colored per- sons. It has numerous manufactories, producing agricultural implements, leather belting, car- riages and wagons, men's clothing, cotton goods ($1,516,209), furniture, hosiery, leather, lumber, machinery, paper, sadlery and har- ness, silverware, woodenware and woollen goods. Concord, like most New England cities, has excellent schools. In 1871 2,344 children were enrolled in the public schools, which num- bered 49, and had 75 teachers. Six newspapers were published in 1873. *Concord, p. v. and co. seat of Cabarras co., N. C, on a branch of Rocky R., and on the North Carolina R. R., 22 mis. S. of Salisbury. Pop., 85^. Concord, tn. in Erie co., N. Y". Pop., 3,171. Concord, tn. in Champaign co., Ohio. Pon.. 1,035. i o , ^, Concord, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 1,092. Concord, tn. in Favette co., Ohio. Pop., 981. Concord, tn. in Highland co., Ohio. Pop., 1,262. Concord, tn. in Lake co., Ohio. Pop., 797. Concord, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. of Palue.sviUe. Concord, tn. iu Miami co., Ohio. Pop., 1,709. Concord, tn. in Ross co., Ohio. Pop., 2,772. Concord, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 926. Concord, p. v. in Franklin co., Pa., 19 mis. S. W. of New Germantown. Concord, tn. in Delaware co., Pa. Pop., 1,293. Concord, tu. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 1,436. Concord, p. v. in Knox co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee & Georgia R. R., 14 mis. S. E. of Knoxville. Concord, tn. in Essex co., Vt. Pop., 1,276. Concord, p. v. in the above tn., on the Connec- ticut R., 41 mis. E. N. E. of Montpelier. Concord, tn. iu Jefferson co.. Wis. Pop., 1,627. Concord, p. v. iu the above tn., 9 mis. from Watertown. Concord Church, p. o. in Mercer co., W. Va. Concord Depot, p. v. in Campbell co., Va., on. the South Siile Division of the Atlantic, Mis- sissippi & Ohio R. R., 58 mis. from Burke- ville. Concordia, parish in La., E. part, bordering on Miss. Area, 780 sq. mis. Pop., 9,977; in 1860, 13,805. The co. lies between the Missis- sippi R. on the E., and the Red R., Wachita R., and the Tensas R. on the W. These streams are navigable. The surface is low and level, and during the floods of the Mississippi, sub- ject to inundation. Numerous lakes and sloughs occur, which are the remnants of the former bed of the Mississippi R. Vidalia is the CO. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indi- an-corn, 62,9.50 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,560 bush., sweet pot's, 4,350 bush.; cotton, 26,712 bales. Cash value of farms, $3,168,500. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., |1, 935, 405. *Concordia, p. v. and theco. seat of Cloud co., Kans., 48 mis. N. of Saline. It is the business center of a farming and grazing district, and has one newspaper. Concordia, p. v. in La Fayette co., Mo., 20 mis. from Holdeu. Concord Station, p. v. in Erie co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. K., 6 mis. W. of Corry. CONCORDVILLE. 236 CONNECTICUT. Concordville, p. v. in Delawai-e co., Pa., near the Philadelphia & Baltimore Central R. K., 5 mis. ^V. of Leiini Mills. Concow, tn. in Butte co., Cal. Pop., 490. Concrete, p. v. in Ue Witt co., Tex., 9]4 mis. from Clinton. CoiKlit, tn. in Champaign co., 111. Pop., 755. Condit, p. o. in Delaware co., Ohio. Condit, V. in Marion co., Oreg., I'i mis. S. E. of Salem. Conccnh, co. in Ala., S. part. Area, 1,425 sq. mis. Pop., 9.574; in 18G0, 11,311. The surface is undu- latinjjixnd considerably diverslflod by ridges of drift. The soil is sandy and not very pro- ductive except that of the bottom-lands, ■which is sufficiently fertile for the cultivation of cotton and Indian-corn. Evergreen is the CO. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat 15 bush.; rye, 5 bush.; Indian-corn, 92,177 bush.; oats, 815 bush.; Irish pot's, 73 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,550 bush.; cotton, 1,539 bales ; butter, 800 lbs. Cash value of farms, $240,795. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $275,675. Value of manufactures, $10,677. Coiiedoswinit CreeU, tributary ot the Sus- quehanna; traverses the Cumberland Valley of Franklin and Cumberland cos.. Pa., in a N. E. direction. Conejos, co. in Colo., S. W. part. Pop., 2,.504. The llio Grande forms the eastern and part of the northern boundary. The surface is mountainous. The Sierra ele la Plata and the Sierra de San Juan, which bear peaks with perpetual snow upon their summits, occupy the nortliern and the central parts of this co. , The eastern part extends into the San Luis Park. The western part is drained by the '. Kio Mancos, Rio de la Plata, Rio Animos and iBio Prinos, all tributaries of the Rio de Cha- co, or de San Juan, an afHuent of the Colora- do R. Conejos is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 9,222 bush.; Indian-corn, 459 bush.; oats, 852 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,001 , bush.; wool, 71,070 lbs.; butter, 800 lbs. Cash lvalue of farms, $125,032. Total, estimated, value of all farm production.s, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $98,471. Value of manu- factures, $8,9U0. Conejos, p. v. and co. seat of Conejos co., Colo., in San Luis Park, on the Conejos R., a tribu- tary of the Rio (irande, and 42 mis. S. W. of Foi't Garland. Coneiuang'li, tn. in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 728. Concmang'Ii, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 2]4 nils. E. of Cambria. ConeinaugU, tn. in Indiana co., Pa. Pop., 1,493. Concinangb, tn. in Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., 1,172. Conerly's, p. o. in Pike co.. Miss. Conestog'a, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 2,079. Conestoga, p. v. in the above tn., 7% mis. S. of Lancaster. Conesus, tn. in Livingston co., K. Y. Pop., 1,362. Conesns, p. v. in the above tn., on the Roches- ter Branch of the Erie R. R., 3 mis. N. of Co- nesus Centre and 2 mis. E. of Conesus Lake. Conesns Centre, p. v. in Livingston co., N. Y., on the Rochester Branch of the Erie R. R., (i% mis. X. of Springwatcr. Conesus, f.ialcc, in Livingston co., N. Y., is about 8 mis. long and % of a mile wide. Its outlet omi)t ies into the Genesee R. Conesvillc, yi. o. in Muscatine co., Iowa. Conesville, tn. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Pop., 1,314. ConcsTillc, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. E. of Gill)oa. Conewago Creelc, a tributary of the Susque- lianiia R. in Adams and York cos., Pa. Conewago, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop,, 1,029. Conewag'o, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 831. Conewas:o, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 1,382. Conewaugo, tn. in Cattaraugus co., K. Y. Pop., 1,281. Conevrango, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Kennedy. Conowaii^o, tn. in Warren co., Pa. Pop., 1,212. Confidence, p. o. in Madison co., 111. Confidence, p. v. in VVayue co., Iowa, 10 mis. from Russell. Confidence, p. o. in Somerset co.. Pa. Congraree River. (See Santee Jt.) Cong'er, p. o. in Montcalm co., Mich. Congress, p. o. in Franklin co., Iowa. Congress, tn. in Morrow co., Ohio. Pop., 1,.374. Conjfrcss, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 2,5S1. Cong-ress, p. v. in the .above tu., 13)4 mis. N. W. of Wooster. Pop., 309. Congrrtilty, p. o. in Westmoreland CO., Pa. Conhocton Kiver, a tributary of the Tioga R., in Steuben co., N. Y. Conlioctou, tu. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 2,710. Conklin, tn. in Broome CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,440. Conlklin Centre, p. v. in the above tn., on the Susquehanna R. and the Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western R. B., 7 mis. S. E. of Bing- bamton. Conklin^ville, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y.,on the Sacondaga R., and 5^ mis. W. of Iladley on the Adirondack R. R. Conklin Station, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. ConSog'ue, p. V. in Edgar co.. 111., on the St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute R. R. Conlog'ue, p. o. in Jackson co., Ind. Connasaug'a River, in Ga., rises in the Blue Ridge of Gilmer co.; flows northward, and turning S. joins the Coosawattee R. to form the Oostanaula. Conneaut, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 3,010. *Conneant, p. v. in the above co., near Lake Erie and on the Lake Shore & Michigan South- ern R. R., 1214 mis. N. E. of Ashtabula. Pop., 1,163. It has much trade and several manu- factories. Two newspapers. Conneaut, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 1,533. Conneaut, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,729. ^Conneantville, p. v. in the above co., on the Beaver & Erie Canal, and 2 mis. E. of the Erie & Pittsburgh B. R.; 3'.^ mis. K. of Center Road Station. It is an agricultural place and has Severn 1 manufactories. One newspaper. COBfJVECTICUT, one of the 13 original states of the Union, and the most south-western of the New England states, is bounded on the K. by Mass., on the E. by R. I., on the AV. byN. Y.,and on the S. by Long Island Sound. It extends from 41° to 42° 2%' N. lat.,and from 71° 55' to 73° 50' W. long. The area is estimated at 4,730 sq. mis., or 3,'027j200 acres. . Surface.—Conn. has no lofty mountains, but is pleasantly diversified by hills and valleys. It includes the southern extremities of the two great New England systems of elevations which are known in Vt. as the Green Mts. and in N. H. as the White Mts. The wide valley traversed by the Connecticut R. and the lower course of the Quinniiuak R. scpai'ates these two sj-stcms. Tlie traveler coming from the banks of tho Hudson R., in the W., first rises in Litelilield CO. to the broad and undulating table-land which occupies the western part of the stat<>, then gradually descends into the valley of the Con- necticut R., and at last crosses the greatly di- versified hilly region of Eastern Connecticut. Thus the state may be divided into three dis- tinct sections'. The western plateau, with its numerous ranges and ridges, is tho culniinai ing ground. It has a mean elevation of from cm to 700 feet, while some of its supcrinii)oseil hills exceed 1,200 feet; and is on the whole better 1 adapted to grazing and dairying than to the CONNECTICUT. 237 CONNECTICUT. growth of cereals. It is intersected by the val- leys of the Housatonic R. and its tributaries, and gradually descends in a southerly direction until it terminates with low hills near the shores of the sound. The Central or Connecti- cut Kiver Valley is the best farming region of the state, and has an average width of over 20 mis. It is traversed bv trap dykes, trending N. and S. Such are the Talcot Mts., W. of Hartford (S90 feet high); the range which terminates with the Hanging Hills (995 feet), W. of Meriden ; Mt. Carniel (800 feet), near Hamden ; East Kock arid West Rock, near New Haven. The Central Vklley belongs to the red sandstone formation. The eastern portion of the state consists of nu- merous ranges of hills with gentle declivities, and contains in the valleys which intersect it much excellent farm land. One of these ranges trends in a south-westerlj^ direction, terminat- ing near New Haven, and is intersected below Middletown by the Connecticut R. Rivers and Lakes.— Ilia largest stream of the state is the Connecticut R. It flows due S. as far as Middletown through the Central Valley, and then turns S. E., emptying mto Long Island Sound near Saybrook. During a former geological period it unquestionably followed the Central Valley into the B. of New Haven ; but now it breaks through a range of hills, leaving the drainage of the lower part of its proper valley to the Quinnipiak and other small rivers. The largest tributary of the Con- necticut is the Earmington R., which, coming from Mass., flows S. S. E. to the village of Earm- ington. Here it turns sharply northward, flow- ing along the valley W. of the Talcot Mt. At Turiflfville it again changes its course, breaks through the trap mountains and empties into the Connecticut R. near Windsor. The Park R., Little R. and others also join this large stream from the W. Its eastern affluents are Scantic R., I'odank R., Ilockannm R., Roaring Brook and Salmon R. Steamboats ascend the Con- necticut to Hartford. The eastern part of the state is drained by the Thames R., wliich empties into the sound near New Loudon. It Is formed by the confluence, near Norwich, of the Yantic and Quinebaug Rs. The former is but a small stream, while the latter rises in Mass. and traverses the entire width of the state. The largest of its numerous afliuents is the Shetucket R., which is formed by the junc- tion of the Willimantic and Natchaug Rs. Cor- responding with the Thames in the E. is the Housatonic in the \V., which rises among the highlands of Berkshire co., Mass., and flows S. S. W. through Litchfleld co. to South Kent, where it changes its course to the S. E. to Derby. A few miles below this town it receives its larg- est tributary, the Naugatuck R., and then flows due S. to the sound. Its other tributaries are the Shepaug R., the Pomeraug R., and the Qua- sipaug R., which rise on the table-land of Litch- field CO., and have southerly courses. Besides the three large rivers here mentioned, there are numerous smaller ones which empty into the sound. The Noraton, Norwalk and Sauga- tuck drain the S. W. part of the state. Into New Haven B. empty the West R., MDl R. and Qmnnipiak R. The Mystic R. empties E. of the Thames and opposite Eisher's Island, and tlie Pawcatuck R. partly separates Conn, from K. I. Many of the principal streams of the state have in common the deviatiou of their lower courses toward the S. E., although the ranges of mountains and hills trend in a S. S. W. direc- tion. Hence, each of these rivers, after flow- mg through a part of one valley, breaks through a range of hills and passes into another. The Connecticut, Earmington, Shetucket, Housa- tonic, Quinnipiak, and some others, have this feature. Connecticut has no large lakes, but numerous small and often picturesque sheets of water are distributed over its surface. The following merit especial mention : Saltonstall Lake, near New Haven B.; Pokatapaug Lake, in Middlesex CO.; SnipsiekPond and Narhapaug Lake in Tol- land CO., and Long Lake and Crooked Lake, in Litchfleld co. £ays and i3ar6or«.— The most important of these is the B. of New Haven, situated at the southern terminus of the Central Valley. New London is at the mouth of the Thames ; Strat- ford Harbor at the mouth of the Housatonic, and Saybrook Harbor at the mouth of the Connecti- cut. Besides these, at the mouths of the princi- pal rivers there arc convenient harbors at Greenwich, Stamford, Norwalk, Saugatuck, South Port, Bridgeport, Milford, Branford, Sachem's Head, Double Beach, Guilford, Nian- tic. Mystic and Stonington. Minerals.— Foremost among the mineral treas- ures of Connecticut are building stones. Brown sandstone abounds in various localities. It is extensively quarried at Portland, on the Con- necticut R., N. of Middletown. The Bolton stone, a micacious slate, which splits into thin plates, used for flagging, is quarried near Bolton, E. of Hartford. White marble is also quite abundant. Granite, gneiss and mica slate are largely shipped from the sea-coast to New York and other parts of the country. Near Bristol there are valuable copper mines, and near Middletown lead mines have been at various times in operation, though without ade- quate proflt. A cobalt mine is in Chatham. Traces of gold and silver have been found, but not in paying quantities. In the E. part of Cheshire large quantities of barytes, or heavy spar, are obtained, which are used in the manu- facture of paints. Hydraulic lime occurs near the trap dykes of Berlin and Southington. Bis- muth is found near Monroe, and near Chatham are productive mines of cobalt and nickle. Eeldspar, sufliciently pure for the manufacture of porcelain, is found near Middletown, and near Stafl'ord is the most famous chalybeate spring of New England. CVtwju^e.— The climate of Conn, is, like that of the other New England states, marked by great extremes and sudden changes. The winters are cold ; the summers hot. The ther- mometer rises as high as 93 degrees and sinks as low as 15 or '20 degrees below zero, showing a difference between the summer maximum and winter maximum of over 118 degrees. The N. W. part of the state, including the Litchfleld table-land, has the coolest climate ; the districts bordering on the sea the warmest. In New London the mean monthly temperature was found to be, in 185G: Jan., 21. TC^ ; Feb., 25.02° ; March, 30.87° ; Apr., 48.78° ; May, 51.07° ; June, 68.85° ; July, 73.70° ; Aug., 68.61° ; Sept., 65.0S° ; Oct., 51.49° ; Nov., 41.92° ; Dec, 28.27°. The mean annual temperature was in the same place 47.41° ; in Pom fret. 42.58°, and in Saybrook, 47.38°. Westerly winds prevail throughout the state largely in excess over all others. Tlius at New London, of 1,098 observations there were: 779 of N. W., W. and S. W. winds ; 24 E. winds ; 77 N. winds ; 77 S. winds, and 147 about equally divided between N. E. and S. E. winds. The amount of precipitation (rain and melted snow) was found to be at New London 41.67 inches, and at Pomfret, 47.69 inches. 27ie Population was formerly almost exclu- sively of English or Anglo-Saxon blood, but for some years past the foreign immigration, mostly Irish, has rapidly increased. The aggre- gate population was, in 1800, 251,002; ISlo, 261,- 942; 1820, 275,148; 1830, 297,675 ; 1840, 309,978; 1850, 370,792 ; 1860, 460,147 ; 1870, 537,454. Of the last number there were 527,549 whites ; 9,668 colored persons, and 235 Indians. Nearly four-fifths of the population were natives of the United States (423,815), and one-fifth born in foreign countries (113,639), including 820 Frenchniea 12,443 Germans, 12,992 Englishmen, 70,630 Irish men aud 3,238 Scotchmen. CONNECTICUT. 238 CONNECTICUT. The nmnlior of poisons engaged in some use- ful occupation was 193,421 ; ot whom 43,653 were engaged in farming ; 38,704 in professional and personal services ; t;4,720 in trade and transpor- tation, and 80.344 in manufactures andmecliani- cal and mining industries. Agriculture.— The higher portions of Conn, are well adapted to stock raising, and cattle, butter and cheese form important articles of export. The rich valleys produce the cereals, fruits and vegetables of the Temperate zone in great abundance. The cultivation ot tobacco as greatly increased of late, particularly in the valley of the Connecticut R. The last cen- sus gives the following statistics: Land in farms, 2,364,416 acres, or 78 per cent, of the area of the state. Of this amount l,(!i|),752 acres •were improved and 577,333 acres wooTlland. The cash value of farms was !j(124,241,382, or $75 per acre of improved land. The estimated value of farm products, including betterments and additions to stock, was $26,482,150 ; of forest pro- ducts, $1,224,107 ; of slaughtered animals, $4,881,- 858 ; of live stock, $17,545,038. The productions were : Wheat, 38,144 bush.; rj-o, 289.057 bush.; In- dian-corn, 1,570,364 bush.; oats, 1,114,594 bush.; buckwheat, 148,155 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,789,894 bush.; tobacco, 8,328,798 lbs.; wool, 254,129 lbs.; cheese, 2,031,194 lbs.; butter, 6,716,007 lbs.; wine, 27,414 gallons ; hay, .563,238 tons. The live stock included 34,935 horses ; 190 mules and asses : 98,- 889 milch cows ; 39,739 working oxen ; 79,485 head of other cattle ; 83,485 sheep, and 51,983 swine. Munu/aciiires.—Vonn. is one of the first manu- facturing states of the Union, and the great ma- jority of the inhabitants are directly or indirect- ly interested in some one branch of this pur- suit. In 1870 the total value of products was 8(161,065,474, or nearly $.300 per inhabitant, and seven times as much as the value of farm pro- ductions. The capital invested was $86,419,579 ; the number of establishments, 5,128; employ- ing 25,979 horse -power in steam-engines; 54,395 horse-power in water-wheels, and 89,523 opera- tives, who received $38,987,187 wages. The most Important articles produced were : Agricultu- ral implements, $1,183,947; boots and shoes, $2,319,596; brass ware, $1,331,013 ; carpets, $2,027,- 136 ; carriages and waa;ons, $4,164,480 ; clocks, 8i2,245,043; Clothing, $4,120",190 ; cotton goods, $14,- 026,334 ; cutlery, $2,099,895 ; drugs and chemicals, 81,289,845; fire-arms, $2,222,873; flour and meal, $3,066,328; hardware, $12,111,034; hats and caps, $3.740,871 ; hosiery, $1,251,742 ; India-rubber goods, $4,239,329 ; iron manufactiires, $7,552,825 : leather, morocco, etc., $1,317,030; lumber. $2,123,118; ma- chinery, $5,010,379 ; paper, $1,874.291 ; plated- ware, $4,066,806 ; saddlery and harness, $1,055,- 350 ; sewing machines, $3,610,000 ; silk goods, $3,138,620 ; tin, copper and sheet-iron ware, $1,625, 774; cigars, $1,133,665 ; woollen goods, $17,365,148. Commerce and Jlailroadx. — The direct com- merce with foreign countries Avas formerly far more important than it is at present, and is be- ing absorbed more and more by New York. During the year ending .June 30, 1871, the im- ports had a value of $1,128,909, and the exports of domestic goods of $661,091. The number of vessels entering the ports of the state was 187, of 35,391 tons burden, and the number of vessels Which cleared from those ports was 474, with 638,652 tons. The number of roKistered vessels belonging to the state was 42, with 11,523 tons ; of enrolled vessels, 483, with 64. 296 tons, and of licensed vessels, 189, with 2,r)3'; tons. Conn, is well provided with railroads, which have a total length of 820 mis. against ti.30 mis. in 1802 ; 496 mis. in 1852, and 176 mis. in 1842. The principal roads are the New York & Now PJa ven B. R.; the New Haven, Hartford & Springfield R. R.; the Shore Line R. R., connecting New Haven with Providence, R. I.; the Connecticut Valley R. R.; the Danbury & Norwalk R. R.; the Housatonic R. R.; the Naugatuck R. R.; the Kew London Northern R. R.; the New Haven & Northampton R. R.; the Norwich & Worces- ter R. R., and the Derby R. R. Wealth, lYixation and Debt.— The assessed value of real estate, according to the last cen- sus, was $204,110,509, and of ]3ersonal property, $321,322,728; Avhile the estimated value of botb real and personal estate was $774,631,524, or $1,442 per head of population. It thus appeai-s that Conn, is one of tlie wealthiest states of the Union. The total taxation, not national, reached the high figure of $6,0G4,84;5, of which $1,875,0-24 were state taxation, $20,113 co. taxa- tion, and $4,169,706 town and city taxation. The general balance of the treasurer shows the re- ceipts from all sources and cash on hand to to have been, for the year ending April 1, 1872, $3,216,325.04, and the payments $2,370,530.90, leav- ing a balance of cash of $845,794.14. The pay- ments included $l,978,59ij.74 for civil list; $20a,- 218 for principal of the school fund ; interest on this fund $13i,915.10, and various smaller sums. The amount of state debt on April 1, 1872, was $4,923,505.85 against $5,804,610.93 the preceding year; of CO., tn. and city debt, $9,813,010 (which is supposed to have increased by $2,000,000 since that time), making the indebtedness of the peo- ple $14,736,515.80 or $27.44 per head of population. Education, etc. — The schools of Conn, enjoy a well-deserved reputation. In 1872 there were 1,630 public schools, with 2,420 teachers, at a cost, all told, of $1,496,989.95. The number of children between tlie ages of four and sixteen was 131,748 ; of whom 113,.588 attended the pub- lic schools, and 8,754 the private schools, leaving a balance of 11,947 registered as attending no school at all. There are three colleges in the state : Yale College, at New Haven; Trinity College, at Hart- ford (Episcopal), and the Wesleyan University, at Middletown (Methodist). With Yale College there are connected a Theological Seminary, a Law School, a Medical School, and the Sheffield Scientific School. By an act of the legislature the latter has been constituted the college for the promotion of agriculture and mechanic arts, and has received the land appropriation bestowed by congress for this purpose. The other" professional schools are : The Theo- logical Institute of Connecticut (Congrega- tional), at Hartford; the Berkeley Divinity School (Episcopal), at Middletown ; the Episco- pal Academy, at Cheshire, and the Connecticut Literary Institute at Suffleld. There are 25 in- corporated academies in successful operation. Seven cities and many villages support high schools. The charitable institutions were : 1. Ameri- can Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, at Hart- ford, the oldest in the Union, opened in 1817; 2. Retreat for the Insane, at Hartford; 3. Gen- eral Hospital for the Insane, at Miildletown ; 4. State Reform School, at West Meriden ; 5. School for Imbeciles, at Lakeville; 6. Industrial School for Girls, at Middletown ; 7 and 8. Hospi- tals at Hartford and New Haven ; 9 and 10. Sol- diers' Orphans Homes, at Mansfield and Darien. The State Prison is located at Wethersfield, and in each of the counties there is one jail. Governm,ent. — The Governor, Lieutenant-Gov- ernor, Secretary of Stale and Controller are chosen annually and hokl oflice from tlie first Wednesday in Slay. The Senate consists of 21 members, chosen by districts ; the House of Representatives of 237 members. The senators and i-epresentatives are chosen annually. Tlift Commissioner of the School Eund is appointed by the legislature. Every male citizen of tlio United States, who shall have attained the age of 21 years, who shall have resided one year in the state, and six months in the town where he ofl"ers to vote, and who is able to read any article of the Constitution, is entitled to tho privileges of an elector, upon taking the oath prescribed by law. The Supreme Court of Errors consists of one CONNECTICUT LAKE. 239 CONVENIENCE. Chief Judge and three Associate Judges, who also are judges of the Superior Court. This court has final and conclusive jurisdiction of all matters brought by way of error from the judgment or decrees of any Superior Court. The Superior Court consists of six judges, ex- clusive of those who are judges of the Supreme Court. It has jurisdiction of all causes which may be brought before it. The judges of both courts are appointed by concurrent vote of the Senate and House of Representatives, and hold office for eiglit years, but are discLualified when 70 years of age. I'ho state is divided Into the following eight counties : Fairfield, Hartford, Litchfield, Mid- dlesex, New Haven, New London, Tolland and Windham. There were, up to 1873, two capi- tals, Hartford and New Haven, the legislature meeting alternately in each, but now Hartford is the only capital. Conneeticnt Iiake, p. v. in Coos co., N. E., 35 mis. from New Stratford Station. Connecticut River, the largest stream gf New England, rises in the Heights of Land Avhioh separate the United States from Cana- da ; flows S. between Vt. and N. H.; intersects Mass. and Conn, and empties into Long Island Sound near Saybrook. The I'iver is over 400 rals. long, and its width in Conn, and Mass. varies from 500 to 1,050 feet. The principal tributaries from the W. are the Passumijsic R., the White R., the Deerfield and Westfield Rs. in Mass., and tlie Farmington R. in Conn. The tributaries from the E. are the Amnio- noosuc R. in N. H., Miller's R. and the Chieopee R. in Mass., and several small creeks in Conn. The valley of the Connecticut is ex- ceedingly fertile, and in its lower or Connec- ticut portion large quantities of tobacco are raised. At Middletown, Conn., the river turns to the S. E. and breaks through a range of hills. In Mass. it i^asses by Mt. Holyoke and Mt. Tom. The scenery of the valley, which in the mean is from 35 to 40 nils, wide. Is famous for its beauty. The Green Mts. and their extensions bound it on the VV. ; the White Mts., and numerous lesser elevations, in Mass. and Conn, on the E. The river is navigable as far as Hartford. A line of steam- ers plies during the summer season between this city and New I'ork. The name is derived from the Indian appellation of the stream, Quonektacut, which is said to mean Long R. Ponnell, p. o. in Tama eo., Iowa. Connellsfille, tn. in Fayette co., Pa. Pop., 1,163. ConnellsTllle, p. v. in the above tn., on the Youghiogheny R., and the Pittsburgh, Balti- more & Washington R. R., U14 mis. N. E. of Unionto^\-n. In the vicinity are productive coal and ii-on mines. One newspaper. Conner's Creeli, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Conner's mills, p. o. in Cooper CO., Mo. ConncrsTille, tn. in Fayette CO., Ind. Pop., 3,707. *€onnersviHe, city in the above tn., and the CO. seat, on the Whitewater R. and Canal, and at the intersection of the Indianapolis, Cincin- nati & La Faj'ette R. R. with the Fort Was'ne, Muncj' & Cincinnati R. R., 44 mis. S. of Muncy, and 4114 mis. W. by N. of Hamilton, Ohio. Theeitjf has woollen factories, fiouring mills, and is surrounded by a rich farming district. Pop., 2,498. Two newspapers. ConnersTille, p. o. in Harrison co., Ky. Connoqnenessing;, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 1,051. Connor's Station, p. o. in Wyandotte co., Kans. Connotton, p. v. in Harrison co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 12J^ mis. E. of Dennison. (Bonn's Creek, p. v. in Shelby co., Ind,, on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & Lafayette R. K., 7!4 mis. S. E. of ShelbyviUe. Cono, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 579. Conococheagne, p. o. in Washington co., Md., on the Potomac R. Conoqnonesslng, p. o. in Butler co., P^,. Conover, p. o. in Catawba co., N. C. Conover, p. v. in Miami CO., Ohio, on the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 15% mis. W. of Urbana. Conowingo, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., on the Sus- quehanna R., 33^ mis. from Rowlandsville. Conoy, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 1,984. Conqnest, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,821. Conqnest, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. of Port Byron. Conroy, p. v. in Van Wert co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 7 mis. ^V^ of Van Wert. Coushohocken, p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 131^ mis. N. W. of Philadelphia. It lies on the Schuylkill R., and contains extensive blast furnaces, machine shops, rolling mills, nail and saw fac- tories. Iron is mined in the neighborhood. Pop., 3,071. One newspaper. Constable, tn. in Franklin co., N. Y. Pop., 1,546. f *Constableville, p. v. in Lewis co., N. Y., B]4 mis. N. W. of Booneville. Constance, p. o. in Boone co., Ky. Constantia, tn. in Oswego co., N. Y. Pop., 3,437. Constantia, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 6 mis. W. ot Cleveland. Constantia, p. o. in Delaware CO., Ohio. Constantia Centre, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. Constantine, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 2,406. Constantine, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. 11., 4 nils. N. of White Pigeon. Produce is shipped here. Pop., 1,290. One newspaper. Constitution, p. v. ik. VVashington co., Ohio, 6 nils, from Delaware. Constitution, p. o. in York eo.. Pa. Consville, p. v. in Henry co., Mo., 10 mis. from Clinton. Content, p. v. in Colorado co., Tex., 15 mis. from Columbus. Contoocook River, a tributary of the Merri- mack R. in N. H. ; rises in Hillsborough co., and flows in a N. E. direction through Merri- mack CO. It joins the Merrimack 7 mis. N. of Concord. Contoocook Village, p. v. in Merrimack co., N. IL, on the Contoocook R., and on the Con- cord & Claremont R. R., 11 mis. W. of Con- cord. Contra Costa, co. in Cal. A ea about 7S0 sq. mis. Pop., 8,461 ; in 1860, 5,328. It is bounded on the W\ by the B. of San Francisco, on the N. bj' the San Pablo and Suisun Bs., and on the E. by the San Joaquin R. The Monte Dia- blo Range and other chains occupy a consid- erable arep and trend from the N. W. to the S. E., being separated by fertile valleys. The finest of these is the San Ramon or Pacheco Valley ; farther W. lies the Hambre Valley. The Contra Costa hills extend along the coast of the B. of San Francisco. Agriculture is the chief pursuit of the inhabitants, and large crops of cereals, fruits and vegetables are produced. There are many fine vineyards in the CO. Martinez is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 925,054 bush.; rye, 40 bush.; Indian-corn, 280 bush.; oats, 67,025 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,020 bush.; wool, 58,300 lbs.; butter, 153,936 lbs.; hay, 18,658 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,936,6i35. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,421,895. Value of manu- factures, $107,835. Contreras, p. o. in Butler co., Ohio. Convenience, p. o. in Independence co., Ark. CONVENT. 240 COOPER. Convent, p. t. and tlie co. seat of St. James parish, La., on the ^Mississippi R., 50 mis. W. of New Orleans. It lies in a farming district, ■which produces cotton, sugar-cane, rice and corn. One newspaper. Convers, p. o. in Chariton co.. Mo. Convis, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 1,015. Convis Centre, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Marshall. Conwa, p. o. in Taylor co., Iowa. Conway, co. in Ark., central part. Area about 1,200 sq. mis. Pop., 8,112; in 1860, 6,697. It is bounded on the S. W. by the Arkansas R., and drained by the Cadron Cr., Point Remove Cr. and other affluents of the Arkansas R. The surface is mostly broken and hilly ; the lowest portion lying along the Arkansas R. The soil is productive. Springrteld is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 9,430 bush.; Indian-corn, 269,945 bush.; oats, 11,601 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,644 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,633 bush.; cotton, 3,954 bales; tobacco, 7,- 127 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,05,5,071. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $818,328. Value of mannfactures, $13,150. Conway, p. v. inXthe above co., on the Little Rock & Fort Smith R. R., 30 mis. from Little Rock. Conway, tn. in Izard co.. Ark. Pop., 768. Conway, p. o. in Aroostook co., Me., 20 mis. N. of Mattawamkeag. Conway, tu. in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 1,460. Conway, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. W. of S. Deerfield. It lies on Deerfleld R., and has an academy and extensive cotton manufacto- ries. Conway, tn. in Livingston co., Mich. Pop., 1,620. Conway, v. in the above tn. Conway, p. o. in Leake co.. Miss. Conway, p. o. in Laclede co.. Mo. Conway, tn. in Carroll co., N. H. Pop., 1,607. Conway, p. v. in the above tn., on the SacoR. and 6 mis. N. of Madison. Conwayborong'li, p. v. and the co. seat of Horry co., S. C, at the head of navigation on the Waccamaw R., 30 mis. from Fair Blutf. The pine forests in the neighborhood j'ield large quantities of turpentine. Pop., 606. Conyers, p. v. and the co. seat of Rockdale CO., Ga., on the Georgia R. R , 10 mis. W. of Covington. Pop., 637. Two newspapers. Conyersville, p. v. in Henry co., Tenn., 12 mis. from Paris. Conynghani, p. v. in Luzerne co., Pa., 6 mis. N. W. of Hazleton. Conynfftaaui, tn. in Columbia co.. Pa. Pop., 1,943. Cooch's Bridge, p. o. in New Castle co., Del. Cook, CO. in 111., N. E. part. Area, 1,027 sq. mis. Pop., 349,906 ; in 1860, 144,9.54. It borders in the E. on Lake Michigan, and is drained by the DesPlaines R., Chicago R. and Calumet R. The surface is slightly undulating or level, and much of it consists of open prairie land. The soil is very fertile. The county is inter- sected by numerous railroads, and by the Il- linois & Michigan Canal, whicli connects Chi- cago with Joliet on the Des Plains U., and thus Lfike Michigan with the Mississippi. This canal is now being deepened so as to afford depth sufBcient for tlie largest boats. The city of Chicago is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 145,200 bush.; rye, 20,171 bush.; Indian-corn, 570,427 bush.; oats, 1,584,- 225bush.; Irish pot's, 444,554 bush.; sweetpot's, 804 bush.; butter, 1,088,963 lbs.; hay, 129,210 tons. Cash value of farms, $22,873,,'}49. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $4,033,256. Value of manufactures, $92,518,742. Cook, tu. in Westmoreland co., Pa. Pop., 875. Cooke, CO. m Tex.,N. part. Area about 950 sq. mis. Pop., 5,315 ; in 1860, 3,760. It Is bounded on the N. by the Red R., Mhich separates it from Ind. Ter., and is drained by Clear Cr., Elm Cr. and Isle au Bois Cr., which are the source streams of the Trinity R. The sur- face Is broken and the soil fertile. Tlie Up- per Cross Timber, a long forest region, ex- tends through this co. from S. to N. Gaines- ville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : W'heat, 16,233 bush.; rve, 19 bush.; Indian-corn, 211,939 bush.; oats, 51,743 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,310 bush.; sweet pot's, 22,664 bush.; cotton, 308 bales; butter, 76,809 lbs.; haj% 330 tons. Cash value of farms, $688,565. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $320,480. Value of manufactiires, $56,000. Cookerly, p. o. in Vigo CO., Ind. Cooksburj^ta, p. v. in Albany co., N. Y., on the Cafskill Cr., and 24% mis. N. W. of CatskUl. Cooksburg, p. o. in Forest co.. Pa. Cook's Corners, p. o. in Franklin CO., N. Y. Cookse.vville, p. o. in Saline co., HI. Cook's Mills, p. o. in Coles co.. 111. Cook's Mills, p. o. in Bedford co.. Pa. Cook's Station, p. o. in Newago co., Mich. Cookstown, p. V. in Burlington co.,,N. J., on the Camden & Burlington County R. R., 9 mis. N. E. of Pembertou. Cook's Valley, p. o. in Wabashaw co., Mian. Cook's Valley, p. o. in Chippewa co., Wis. Cooksville, p. o. in Heard co., Ga. Cooksville, p. v. in Howard co., Md., 2% mis. S. of Hood's MiUs, on the Baltimore & Ohi© R. R. Coaksville, p. o. in Noxubee co.. Miss. Cooksville, p. v. in Rock co., Wis., 6 mis. from Edgarton. Cookville, p. v. and co. seat of Putnam co., Tenn., 39 mis. N. of McMinnville. Cool Bank, p. o. in Pike co.. 111. Coolbangh's, tu. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 1,028. Coolbangrk's, p. o. the above tn. <'ooleysville, p. o. in Steele co., Minn. Cooley ville, p. o. in Franklin co., Mass. Cool Spring;, tn. in Laporte co., Ind. Pop., 1,328. Cool Spring, p. o. in Sussex co.^ Del. Cool Spring, p. o. in Ohio CO., Ky. Cool Spring, p. o. in Iredell co., N. C. Cool Spring, p. o. in .lelTerson co.. Pa. Cool Spring, tu. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 865. Cool Spring, p. o. in Horry co., S. C. Cool ville, p. V. in Athens co.,Ohio, on the Hooking B. and 31 mis. S. E. of Athens. Pop., 336. Cool Well, p. o. in Amherst co., Va. Coonier, p. o. in Niagara co., N. Y. Coon, tn. in Buena Vista co., Iowa. Pop., 385. Coon, tn. in Vernon co.. Wis. Pop., 708. Coon Creek, p. o. in Jersey co.. 111. Coon Creek, p. o. in Anoka Co., Minn. Coon Creek, p. o. in Barton co., Mo. Coonewar, p. v. in Lee co.. Miss., 8 mis. from Tupelo. Coon Island, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., on the Hempflcld B. R., 13^^ mis. W. of Wash- ington. Coon Prairie, p. v. in Vernon co.,Wis., 2t nils. S. of Sparta, and 6 mis. N. of Viroqua. Coon Rapids, p. o. in Carroll co., Iowa. Coon's Corners, p. o. in Crawford co^ Pa. Coon Valley, p. v. in Vernon co.. Wis., 20J^ mis. from La Crosse. Cooper, CO. in Mo., central part. Area, 658 sq. mis. Pop., 20,692 ; in 1860, 17,356. The surface is hilly or undulating. The bottom-land of the Missouri R., which forms the N. boundary, is the lowest part of the co. Prairies and for- ests are found in nearly equal proportion. The principal streams are Black R., and its tributary, Lamiue R. Saline Cr. di-aina tho COOPER. 2-11 COPIAH. N. E. part. The soil is very productive, par- ticularly in tlio river valleys. Iron and ex- cellent coal are abundant, and the mines form an important source of ^vealtll. A railroacj connects Boonville with Tipton on tlie Mis- souri Pacific E. R. Boonville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3t>5,()9Gbush.; rye, 2,455 hush.; Indian-corn, 1, '210,533 bush.; oats, 412,809 bush.; Irish pot's, G8,0.r2 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,952 bush.; tobacco, 34,731 lbs.; butter, 227,001 lbs.: hay, 11.579 tons. Cash value of farms, iJ7,679,(>o(;. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,820,125. Value of man- ufactures, $487,828. er, tn. in Sangamon CO., 111. Pop., 785. Co«5>er, tn. in Washington co., ]N[e. Pop., 3fi0. Cooper, p. V. in the sibove tn., 11 mis. W. of Cliailotte. <"o«per, tn. in Kalamazoo co., Jfich. Pop., 1,2.54. Cooper, p. V. in the above tn., near tlie Lake Shore & Jlichigan Southeni 11. R., and the Grand Uapids it Indianfi 11. 11., (5 mis. X. of Kalamazoo. The v. is 2 mis. VV". of the rail- road station. Cooper, tn. in Gentry eo., 3Io. Pop., 1,408. Cooper, tn. in Montour co.. Pa. Pop., 414. Cooper, tn. in Mason eo., W. V:\. Pop., 1,204. Cooper, p. o. and the co. seat of Delta co., Tex. Coopcrdale, p. o. in Cambria co.. Pa. Cooper Hill, p. o. in Izartl co., Ark. <'oopers. p. o. in Franklin co., \'a. Coopersbiirgli, p. v. in Lehigh eo.. Pa., on the Xorth Pennsjdvania K. 11., 11 mis. S. of Bethlehem. Cooper's Hill, p. v. In Osage co.. Mo., 25 mis. s. of (.'liuniois. Cooper's J.niidins', p. o. in Arkansas co., Ark. Cooper's Mills, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Me., on the Sheepscott P,. Cooper's Plniiis, p. v. in Steuben co., >r. Y., on the Koehester Branch of the Eric R. R., ."■j:^ mis. N. \Y. of Corning. Cooper Spring's, p. o. in Marion co., Iowa. Coopersiowii, tn. in Brown co.. 111. Pop., 1,5'22. Cooperstowii, p. o. in the above tn. *Coopersto wii, p. v. and the co. seat of Otsego CO., N. y., at the southern end of Otsego Lake; is the northern terminus of the Cooperstown & Susquehanna R. R., Hi luls. N. of CoUiers- ville, the junction with the Albany & Susque- hanna R. 11. It has an academy and other institiitions of learning. Pop.,"l,.5()9. Two newspapers. Cooperstown, p. v. in Venango eo.. Pa., '.)]/(i nds. N. K. of Utica and on Sugar Cr. Cooperstown, tn. in Manitowoc co., Wis. Pop., 1,5(53. Cooperstown, p. A', in the above tn., 15 mis. from Manitowoc. Coopcrsville, p. o. in Wapello co., Iowa. Coopersville, p. v. in Ottowa co., Mich., on the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., Urals. W. by N. of Grand Rapids. Coopersville, p. v. in Clinton co., N. V., on the Great Chazy R., omls. S. W. of Rouse's I'oiiit. I'oopertown, p. o. in Robertson co., Tenn. Coopstown, p. o. in Harford eo., Md. Coopwoort, p. o. in 'Winstou co.. Miss. Coos, eo. in N. H., forms the northern extremi- tv of the state. Area about 1,975 sq. uils. Pop.. 14,932 ; in ISGO, 13,101. It is bounded on theN. by the culminating heights which form the water-shed between the Atlantic Ocean and the St. Lawrence R. The Connecticut U., and one of its liead streams, the Hall, form tlie W. boundary. The Moose Branch, the Ammonoosue R. and .Johns R. are tributaries of the Connecticut, which drain the western part of the eo. The Androscoggin R. drains the eastern part. Umbagog Lake is intersected by the E. boundary. The S. part of the eo. includes the highest portion of the White Mts., with Mt. Washington, Mt. Adams and 10 otlier lofty peaks, and also with the sources of the Saco R. The climate is cool, the soil unproductive, except in some parts of the river valleys. The Grand Trunk R. R. passes through tlie co. from S. E. to N. AV. Lancas- ter is the CO. seat Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1.5,708 bush.; rye, 2,'2S4 bush.; oats, 185,. 074 bush.: Indian-corn, 19,227 bush.; Irish pot's, sn,rm bush.; butter, 419,4(12 lbs.; hay, 40,795 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,647,95.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- eluding additions to stock, etc., $1,395,003. Value of manufactures, .$1.3()8,767. Coos, p. V. in Coos co., X. II., on the Connecti- cut R., and the Grand Trunk R. R., 12 mis. X X. W. of Groveton. Coos, CO. in Oreg., S. W. part, bordering on the Pacific Ocean. Area about 1,440 sq. mis. Pop., 1,044; in 1800,445. The eastern boundary is formed by the Umpqua Mt., one of the Coast Ranges of the Pacific. The co. has a general slope from E. to \V. and is drained by the Coos R., and the Coquille R., which rise in the Umpqua Mts. and empty into the Pa- cific. A large part of the co. is covered with magnificent forests. Coal and lumber are largely exported. Empire City is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, '2,802 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,8.59 bush.: oats, 3,;>8(;bnsh.; Irish pot's, 19,105 bush.; butter, '2-2.1.30 lbs.; hav, 644 tons. Cash value of farms, $-203,350. a?otal, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $103,10'2. Value of manufactures, $197,041. Coosa, CO. in Ala., central part. Area, 800 sq. mis. Pop., 11,945 ; in 1850, 19,'273. It is bounded on the E. by the Coosa R., from which it de- rives its name, and drained bv the Hatchee Cr. and other affluents of the Coosa. The sur- face is very uneven, though not mountainous. Tlie valleys of the rivers'and creeks are deep- ly cut into the high gro*ind, and in some lo- calities expand into level flats of fertile allu- vium. >rear the village of Bradford is found a very fine gray granite, which is extensively quarried, and excellent statuary marble oc- curs in the northern part of the eo. Grazing ami grain growing arc the principal pursuits of the inhabitants. Rockford is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : W heat, 3 ;,01JO bush.; rye, 21S bush.; In-liam co., Va. Copalte, tn. in Columbia co., X. Y. Pop., 1,847. Copakc, p. V. in the above tn., 2 mis. S. W. of the Copake Iron Works. CopaUe Iron Works, p. v. in Colum.bia eo., X. Y., on tlie Harlem R. I!., 5 mis. S. of Ilills- . o. in McLennan co., Tex. Corey, p. 6. in Cass co., Mich. *Corfu, p. V. in Genesee co., N. Y., on the New , York Central R. R., 121^ mis. W. of Batavia. Corinna, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 1,513. Corinna, p. o. in the above tn., on the New- port & Dexter R. R., 7 mis. N. of Newport. Corinna, p. o. in Wright co., Minn. Corinna Centre, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. near the Newport & Dexter R. R., 2 mis. N. of Corinna. *Corinne, p. v. in Box Elder co., Utah, on the Central Paciflc R. R., 25 mis. N. W. of Ogden. Stages for Montana start from here. It lies in a fertile valley, which is easily irrigated. Pop., 783. One newspaper. Corinth, p. o. in Williamson co.. 111. Corinth, p. o. in Osborne co., Kans. Corinth, p. o. in Grant co., Ky. Corinth, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop.,1,46-2. Corinth, p. v. in the above tn., ISJ.^ mis. N. W. of Bangor. Corinth, p. v. in Kent co., Mich., on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. *Corinth, p. v. and the co. seat of Alcorn co., Miss., at the intersection of the Memphis & Charleston R. R. Avith the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 54 mis. W. of Tuscumbia, Ala., and 93 mis. E. of Memphis. It has cotton manufactories and two newspapers. Pop., 1,512. Corinth, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,500. Corinth, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hudson R. and the Adirondack R. R., 15^ mis. N. of Saratoga Springs. Corinth, tn. in Orange co., Vt. Pop., 1,470. Corinth, p. v. in the above tn., 12^ mis. W. of Bradford. Corinth, p. o. in Barbour co., W. Va. Cork, p. o. in Hillsborough co., Fla. Cork, p. o. in Ashtabula co , Ohio. Cornelia, p. v. in Johnson co., Mo., 10 mis. from Warrensburgh. Pop., 57. Cornelins, p. o. in Washington co., Oreg. Cornell, p. o. in Livingston co., 111. Cornersville, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Ark. Oornersville, p. o. in Dorchester co., Md., on the Clioptank R. Cornersville, p. o. in Benton co.. Miss. Cornersville, p. o. in Hickory co., Mo. Cornersville, p. v. in Giles co., Tenn., 11 mis. from Lynnville. Corn Grove, p. o. in Calhoun co., Ala. Corn Hill, p. o. in Williamson co., Tex. Corn Honse, p. o. in Randolph co., Ala. Cornie, tn. in Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 415. Cornie, tn. in Union co.. Ark. Pop., 752. ^Corning, p. v. in Adams co., Iowa, on the Burlington & Missouri River R. R., 21 mis. from Creston. It has an active trade. Two news- papers. Corning, p. V. in Nemaha co., Kans., on tho Central Branch of the Union Paciflc R. R. Corning:, p. v. in Holt co.. Mo., on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., 23 nils, from Forest City. Pop., 40. Corning, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 6,502. *Corning', p. v. in the above tn., on the Che- mung R. and the Erie R. R., MI4 mis. N. W. of Elmu'a. The Rochester Branch and the Corn- ing & Blossburg R. R. diverge near the village to the N. and to the S. It contains iron found- rics, manufactories of railroad cars, carriages, furniture, boots and shoes, cigars, etc. Large quantities of lumber, timber, shingles and staves ai-e shipped here. Pop., 4,018. Two newspapers. Cornish, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 1,100. Cornish, p. v. in the above tn., near the Saco R., >^\4 mis. W. of East Limington. Cornish, p. o. in Sil)ley co., Minn. Cornish, tn. in Sullivan co., N. II. Pop., 1,334. Cornish Flat, p. v. in the above tu., 6 mla. W. of Windsor, Vt. Cornishville, p. v. in Mercer co., Ky., 11 mla. from Uarrodsburgh. Pop,, 151- CORNLAND. 243 CORYELL. Cornland, p. o. in Loa:an co., 111. Cornplanter, tn. in Venango CO., Pa. Pop., 10,100. Cornplanter, p. o. in "STarren co.. Pa., on the Alle!i;hany R. Cornpropst's Mills, p. o. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Cornsville, p. o. in Scott co., Va. Cornton, p. o. in De Kalb co.. 111. Coruton, p. o. in Windham co., V't., near -East Putney Station on the Vermont Valley R. R. Cornville, tn. in Som.erset co., Me. Pop.. 959. Cornville, p. o. in the above tn., mis. N. of Skowhe^an. Cornwall, tn. in Litchfield co.,Conn. Pop., 1,773 Cornwall, p. v. in the above tn.,3J^ mis. N. W". or Coinwall Brid«e on the Hou.satonic R. R. Cornwall, tn, in Henry co.. 111. Pop , 'j5'2. Cornwall, p. v. in Madison co., Mo., on the St. .Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 38 mis. from lUsmarck and 9 mis. S. E. of Fredericktown. F'=)p. about 100. Cornwall, tn. in Orange co., N. Y. Pop., 5,989. Cornwall, p. v. in the above tn., .5 mis. S. of Newljiirgh, and about 1 mle. S. W. of Corn- M'all Landing on the Hudson R. Cornwall, tn. in Lebanon co.. Pa. Pop., 2,00!S. Cornwall,, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. of LeLiauou. Cornwall, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 969. Cornwall, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mis. S. of Middlebury. Cornwall Bridge, p. v. in LitchfleUl co.. Conn., on the Housatonic R. R., 9 nils. N. of Kent. Cornwall Hollow, p. o. in Litchfield co., Conn., 4 mis. N. E. of Cornwall. Cornwallls, p. v. in Ritcliio co., AV. Va., on the Parkersburgh Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., -26 mis. E. of Parkersburgh. Cornwall on the Hndson, p. v. in Orange CO., N. Y., on the W. bank of the Hudson R., and on the Newljurgh Branch of the Erie R. R., 59 mis. from New York. Pop. about 200. Cornwall Station, v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Hud.son River R. R., 4 mis. S. of Fish- kill. Cornwallville, p. o. in Greene co., N Y. Cornwell's Station, v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia <& Trenton R. R., 5 mis. S. W. of Bristol. Corona, p. o.. in Coffey co., Kans. Corona, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. *Corpus Chrlsti, p. v. and the co. seat ol Nueces CO., Tex., on Corpus Christi B., below thejnouth of the Nueces R., 285 nils. S W. of Galveston. It has an active trade and is con- nected by a line of steamers with New Or- leans. Pop., 2,140. One newspaper. Corpus Cliristi Bay, an extension of the La- guna jMadi-e, on the coast of Tex. It receives the Nueces R. Correctionville, tn. in Woodbury co., Iowa. Pop., DUO. Correctionville, p. v. in Woodbury co., Iowa, .33 mis. from Sioux citv. Corrielt'** Mills, p. o.'in Jackson co., Ala. Corrieville, p. o. in Wabash co.. 111. Corrig'anville, p. o. in Alleghany co., Md. Corriiina, tn. in ^Vrig■llt co., Minn. Pop., 220. *Corry, p. borough in Erie co., Pa., at the in- tersection of the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. with the Pennsylvania & Eiie R. R., 38 mis. S. E. of Erie and 27 mis from .James- town The Coi ry & Pittsburgh ll.T^l. connects it with Oil City (77 mis.) and a branch with Brockton on the Buffalo & Erie R. R. It is a new place, which owes its existence and rapid growth to the discovery of oil in Oil Creek. Numerous manufactories are in active ope- ration. Pop., G,SO'.). Four newspapers. Corsica, p. v. in Morrow co., Ohio, bl4 nils. S. E. of Gallon. Corsica, p. v. in Jefferson co., Pa., 7 mis. W. of Brookville, the co. seat. Corsicana, p. o. in Newton co., Mo. Corsicana, p. v. and co. seat of Navarro co., Tex., ISO mis. N. N. E. of Austin and 69 mis. from Waco. Pop., 80. Cortland, co. in N. Y., central part. Area, 475 sq. mis. Pop., 25,173; in 1860, 26,294. The surface is undulating, the soil fertile and well adapted to farming and grazing. The Tioughnioga R. flows from N. to S., tlirough the central parts ; the Otselic R. through the eastern. Iron ore occurs, and there are sul- phur and salt springs in this co. The Syra- cuse & Binghamton R. R. intersects the co. from N. to S. Cortland Village is the co. seat. I Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 25,448 bush.; rye, 1,883 bush.; Indian-corn, 151,810 bu§h.; oats, 389,667 bush.; Irish pot's, 244,527 bush.; wool, 59,169 lbs.; maple sugar, 303,773 lbs.; cheese, 826,273 lbs.; butter, 3,431,135 lbs.; hav, 114,197 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,832,124. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., iJiS,- • 737,081. Value of manufactures, $1,642,631. Cortland, p. o. in .Jackson co., Ind. Cortland, tn. in Westchester CO.. N. Y. Pop., 11,694. Cortland, tn. in Spottsylvania co., Va. Pop., 2 222. Cortland Centre, p. V. in Kent co., Mich., 6 mis. N. E. of Rockford. Cortlandville, tn. in Cortland co., N. Y. Pop., 6,082. *Cortlandville, or Cortland Village, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Syra- cuse, Binghamton & New York R. R., and" on the Ithaca & Cortland R. R., 36 mis. S. of Sy- racuse. It is a prosperous place andcont.ains a paper mill and an oil mill. Pop., 3,066. Two newspapers. Corunna, p. v. in De Kalb co., Ind., on the Lake Shore &, Michigan Southern R. R., 6^ nils. W. of Waterloo city. Pop., 242. *Cornnna, city and the co. seat of Shiawassee CO., jNIieh., on the Detroit & Milwaukee #i. R., 75 mis. N. W. of Detroit. It lies on the Shia- Tfcrassee R., which affords excellent water- power; has a woollen factory, flouring mills and iron foundries. In the vicinity are pro- ductive coal mines. Pop., 1,408. One news- paper. Corvallis, p. o. in Missoula co., Mont. Corvallis, tn. in Benton co., Oreg. *Corvallis, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Willamette R., 10 mis. S. W. of Albany. The surrounding district is very productive, and the town has considerable river commerce. Two newspapers. Corwin, tn. in Ida CO., Iowa. Pop., 165. Corwine, tn. in Logan co.. III. Pop., 1,069. Cory, p. o. in Claj' co., Ind. *Cor3'dou, p. V. and the co. seat of Harrison CO., Ind., on Indian Cr., and 16 mis. W. by S. of Ni'w Albany. Pop., 747. One newspaper. Corydon, tn. in Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 1,277. *Corydon, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 6 mis. N. of Allerton. Pop., 618. It is surrounded by a farming district, and has two newspapers. Corydon, p. o. in Henderson co., Jvy. Corydon, tn. in Warren CO., Pa. Pop., 411. Corydon, p. v. in the above tn.. on the AUe- gluuiv R., 15 mis. N. E. of Warren. Cor.vdon, tn. in McKean co., Pa. Pop., 169. Coryell, CO. in Tex., N. central part. Area about 900 .sq. mis. Pop., 4,124; in 1860, 2,6u6. The surface is hilly ; the soil of the valleys fertile. The Leon R. with its tributaries, Cor- yell Cr. and Cowhouse Cr., intersect the co. from N. W. to S. E. Gatesville is theco. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 5,778 bush.; rye, 937 bush.; Indian-corn, 109,900 bush.; oats, 1,989 bush.; Irish pot's, 452 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,407 bush.; cotton, 378 bales ; butter, 34,061 lbs.; hay 11 tons. Cash value of faiins, $210,.537. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- CORYMBO. 24-4 COTTONWOOD. tions, including additions to stock, etc., $-233,- 214. C-oryinbo, p. o. in La Povtc co., Ind. Cory vi lie, p. o. in McKean co., Pa. Cosby, p. o. in Cocke co., Tenn. Coshocton, CO. in Ohio., K. central part. Area 5,)0 sq. nils. Pop., 23,(i00 ; in 18(i0, 25,032. Tlie surface is divorsifled hy hills and nndu- Jations. The soil is prodnctive. TIk; Tusca- rawas R. from the E., and tlie U^alhondinn- from the W. unite near the co. seat, and form the Muskingum R. KilUnick Cr. and Mill Cr. join the WalhondinK, and Wills Cr. joins the Muskingum. The Pittsburgh & Cincinnati R. R. and tlie Ohio & Erie Canal intersect the CO. Coshocton is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, .332,.3ni bush!; rvc, ]3,(;02 hush.; Indian-corn, 1,098,184 bush.; oats, 101, .308 bush.; Irish pot's, 108,471 liush.; sweet pot's, 381 bush.: butter, 67(J,10-2 lbs.; haj-, 27,013 tons. Cash A-aluo of farms, $12,0.)1,120! Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, inchul- ing acUlitions to stock, etc., $2,131,943. Value of manufactures, .S!)i3,970. •Coshocton, p. V. ancssicn, p. o. in Callaway co., :Mo. Cotcsliel Plant, p. o. in Union co.. Miss. Cotton Plant, p. o. in Lamar co., Tex. Cotton I'ort, ji. o. in Ax'oycUes parish. La. Cotton Port, p. o. in iNIeigs co., Tenn. Cotton's, ji. o. in ^Madison CO., X. Y. Cotton Valley, p. o. in Webster parish La. <;otton Talle.y, p. o. in Calhoun co.. Miss. Cottonville, p. o. in JMarshall co., Ala. Cottonville, p. v. in .laekson eo., Iowa, 10 mis, W'. bv S. of iiellevue. and 19 mis. S. of Du- bnquV. 4'ottonville, p. o. iu Cumberland co,X. C. Cottonwood, ]!. o. in Henry co., Ala. Cottonwood, CO. in Minn., S. W. part. Area, 04-^ sq. mis. Pop., 534 ; in 181)0, 12. The surface is undulating and mostly prairie land. Tho Des Moines R. intersects" the co. from X. W. to S. E., while the northern portion of it is drained by small affluents of the Minnesota R. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 311 bush.; Indian-eorn, 2J5 bush.; oats, 215 bush.; Irish pot's, 245 bush.; but ter, 3,100 lbs.; hay, 5.39 ton.s. Cash value of farms, ^43,600. Total, estimated, value of al^farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc.. i»il4,900. Cottonwood, tn. in Tehama co., Cal. Pop., 240. Cottonwood, p. V. in Shasta CO., Cal., 19 mis. S. E. of Shasta. Cottonwood, tn. in Yolo co., Cal. Pop., 1,319. Cottonwood, tn. in Siskiyou co., Cal. Pop., 421. Cottonwood, p. o. in G.allatin co., 111. Cottonwood, tn. in Cumberland CO., 111. Pop., 1,312. COTTONWOOD. 245 COVERT. Cottonwood, tn. in Chase co., Kans. Pop., Sl.-i. Cottoimood, tn. in Brown co., Minn. Pop., 007. Cottonwood, p. o. in the above tn. Cottonwootl, p. o. ill jMercer Co., Mo. Cottonwood, p. o. in Butler co., Xebr. ♦Cottonwood Falls, p. v. and tlie co. scat of Chase co., Kans., near the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Ke R. R., IS mis. W. of Kmporia. It lias excellent ■\vater-power, and is surrounded by a good farming and stock raising tlistrict. One newspaper. Cottonwood GroTe, p. o. in Bond co., 111. Cottonwood Grove, v. in Shawnee co , Kans., on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R., 8 mis. S. of Topeka. Cottonwood Point, p. o. iu Pemiscot co.. Mo., on the Mississiiipi K., 10 mis. S. of Gayoso. *Cottonwood Spring's, p. v. iu Lincoln co., Nebr., 4 mis. from McPhcr.son. Cottrellvllle, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 2,372. Cotuit Port, p. V. iu Barnstable co., Mass., on the Vinej'aril Sound, 'i]4 mis. S. of West Barn- stable. Conohvillo, p. o. in Davidson co., Tenu. Coudersport, v. in Pike co.. Pa. Pop., 471. ♦Coudersport, p. v. and the co. seat of Potter CO., Pa., on the Alleghany R. The nearest R. R. station is Emporium, on the Philadelphia & ErieR. R., from which town it is '25 mis. dis- tant. Pop ,"5-21. One newspaper. Conltersviile, p. v. in Raudoliih co., 111., on the St. Louis, Altou & Terre llaute R. R., 47 mis. S. E. of East St. Louis. Coultcrsvillc, id. v. in Butler co.. Pa., 10 mis. N. of Butler. Coulterville, p. v. in Mariposa co., Cal. Conncil, tn. in Crittenden CO., Ark. Pop., oil. Conncil Bend, p. o. in the above tn. ♦Conncil ItlutTs, city and the co. seat of Pot- tawattamie CO., Iowa ; lies in the valley of the Missouri R., 3 mis. E. of the stream and at the foot of liigh ami ]n'ecipitous bluffs. It has unri'S'iiled railroad facilities, Ijing on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., and the Burlington & Missouri River R. R. It lies opposite Omaha, the ter- minus of the Union Pacific R. R., and is 488 mis. from Chicago. The city contains the State Institute for the Deaf and Dumb, a mag- nificent Court House, and has an extensive commerce. A bridge will soon be constructed across the Missouri R., and it is believed that then this citv will become a populous and wealthy metropolis. Pop., 10,020 ; iu 18G0, 2,011. Seven newspapers. Council GrQve, tn. in Morris co., Kans. Pop., 1,080. ♦Council Grove, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R , 24 nils, from Emporia ami 25 mis. from Junction City. It lies on the Neosho R. Pop., 712. Two newspapers. Conncil Hill, tn. in Jo Daviess co.. 111. Pop., 725. <.'onncil Hill, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. fioui Couueil Hill Station. <"OHncil Hill, p. o. in Clayton co., Iowa. Conncil Hill Station, p." v. in .lo Daviess co., III., oil the llliuois Central R. R., 24 nils. E. of Duuleath. Conncil House, p. o. in Choctaw Nation, Ind. Ter. *CoHnover, p. v. in Winneshiek co., Iowa, on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. Conutsvillc, p. o. iu Lexington district, S. C. i'oniity JLine, p. o. in Campbell co., Ga. 4«innty l.ine, p. o. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. i. oniity liine, p. o. in Newton co.. Miss. «'ounty I>ine, p. o. in Niagara co., N. Y. County liiue, p. o. in Davie co., K. C. County liine, p. o. in Northumberland co., Pa. County liine, p. o. in Moore co., Tenn. County liine Cross Roads, p. o. in Charlotte CO., Va. Coupville, p. V. in Island co.. Wash. Ter., 9 mis. N. E. of Port Townsend. Conrtais, tn. in Ciawfonl co.. Mo. Pop., 960. Conrtcr, p. o. in Miami co., Ind. Court House, tn. in Taylor co., W. Va. Pop., 753. Courtland, p. v. in LaM-rence CO., Ala., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 19 mis. W. of Decatur. Courtland, p. o. in Sacramento co., Cal. Conrtland, tn. in De Kalb co., 111. Pop., 1,293. Courtland, tn. in Jo Daviess co., 111. Pop., 1,78';. Courtland, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,33S. Conrtland, tn. in Nicollet co., Minn. Pop., 610. Courtland, p. o. in the above tn. Conrtland, p. v. in Panola co., Miss. Conrtland, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 1,449. Conrtland Station, p. v. in De Kalb co.. 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., Sl"^ mis. W. of Geneva. A branch railroad con- nects it with Sycamore. Courtney, ]). v". in Grimes co., Tex., on tho Iloustin & Texas Central R. R., 12 mis. N. of Ilempsteatl. Cousliatta Chute, p. o. in Red River par- ish, La. Cousins, p. o. in Eau Claire co., AVis. Cautee's Station, p. o. m Prince George's co., Md. Cove, tn. in Polk co.. Ark. Pop., 450. Cove, p. o. in the above tn. Cove, p. V. in Union co., Oregon, 15 mis. E. of Le Grande. Cove, tn. in Barbour co., W. ""('a. Pop., 1,657. Cove City, p. o. in Whitfield co., Ga. Cove City, p. o. in Bates co., Mo. Cove CreeU, p. o. in Calhoun co., Ala. Cove CreeU, tn. in Washington co., Ark. Pop., 514. Cove Creelt, p. o. in Millard co., Utah. Cove CreeU, p. o. in Tazewell co., Ya. Cove Dale, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Coveland, p. v. and the co. seat of Island co., Wash. Ter., 2 mis. W. of Coupville. Covcll, p. o. in McLean co., 111. Covelo, p. v. iu Mendocina co., Cal., 50 mis. N ofUkiah. ^ « Coventry, tn. in Tolland co., Conn. Pop., 2.057. Coventry, i>. v. in the above tn., .35^ mis. AV. of Mansfield Depot. Coventry, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 1,490. Coventry, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. W. of Bainbridge. Coventry, tn. in Summit co., Ohio. Pop., 1,817. Coventry, tn. in Kent co., R. I. Pop., 4,349. Coventry, p. v. in the above tn., on tho Pro- vidence. Hartford & Fishkill R. R., 16 mis. S. W. of Provitlence, Coventry, tn. in Orleans co., Vt. Pop., 914. Coventry, ji. v. in tlie above tn., on the Black R., and 3 mis. from E. Coventry, a station on the Coniu'ctieut & Passumpsic Rivers R. R. Coventry Centre, p. v. iu Kent co., R. I., on the Ilarifoi-d, Providence & Fishkill R. R. Coventry Bepot, p. v. in Tolland co.. Conn., on the New London & Northern R. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Williinantic. Coventry ville, p. v. in Chenango co., N. 1., 7 mis. AV. of ISaiubritlge. Cove Point, n. o. iu Calvert co., Md. Covert, p. o. in Van Buren co., Mich. Covert, tn. in Seneca co., N. V. Pop., 2,23^^. Covert, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. of Tru- mausburg. COVE STATION. 246 COWLITZ. Cove Station, p. v. in Huiitingflon CO., Pa., on the Huntingdon & Broad Top R. R., 20 mis. S. of Huntingdon. Covesvllle, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Coveton, p. o. in Barbour co., W. Va. Covevillc, p. o in Saratoga co., N. Y., on the HiuLson U. and Champlain Canal. Covington, co. in Ala., S. part. Area, 1,240 sq. mis. Pop., 4,868 ; in 1860, 6,469. The surface is undulating, and consists chiefly of sandy soil with ridges of drift. The soil is not produc- tive. Extensive tracts are covered with the long-leaved southern pine. The Conecuh II. flows through the N. E. part ; the Yellow Water R. through the center ; both in a south- easterly direction. Lumbering is the chief source of wealth. AndaUisia is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 6.3,389 bush.; oats, 4'J5 bush.; Irish pot's, 210 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,264 bush.; cotton, 689 bales. Cash value of farms, |i 23,443. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $315,418. I'ovlng'ton, CO. in Miss., S. part. Area, 680 sq. mis. Pop., 4,753 ; in 1860, 4,408. The surface is level, and the sandy soil which forms the greater part of it is but moderately produc- tive. The CO is drained by the Boueo R. and Sun Cr., which empty into Leaf R. Williams- burgh is the CO. seat. Agr. ]iroductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 109,813 bush.; oats, 9,683 Irish pot's, 18,040 bush.; sweet pot's, 28.042 bush.; cotton, 1,605 bales; butter, 13,702 lbs. Cash value of farms, .$14.5,670. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $347,152. Value of manu- factures, $24,270. Covington, p. v. and the co. seat of Newton CO., Ga., on the Georgia R. R., 54 mis. W. of Union Point, and 130"mls. W. of Augusta. It has an aeademj'. Pop., 1,121. One newspa- per. *Coving-ton, p. v. and the co. seat of Fountain CO., Inil., on the Wabash R., where it is crossed by the Indianapolis, Bloomlngton & Western R. R., 72 nils. Av . of Indianapolis. It also lies on the Wabash & Erie Canal, by which large quantities of grain are shipped here. Coal and iron are very abundant in the neighbor- hood. Pop., 1,888. Two newspapers. ♦Covington, city and the co. seat of Kenton CO., Ky.; lies on the Ohio R., below the junc- tion of the Licking R. and opposite Cincin- nati, Ohio. It is theiiorthern terminus of the Kentucky Central R. R. and the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R. The former extends to Nicholasville (112 mis.), the latter to Louisville (107 mis.). It is a flourishing place, and has an extensive commerce. The manufactories in-oduce cotton goods, tobac- co, silk goods, etc. Large quantities of pork and beef are packed here, and several exten- sive rfilling mills are in operation. The West- ern ThcolDgioal College is a richly endowed institution, under the direction of the Bap- tists. Covington is connected with Cincin- nati by a magniflcent suspension bridge. Pop., 24,.505. One newspaper. Covington, p. o. in Smith co., Kans. Covington, p. v. and the co. seat of St. Tam- many CO., La., on the Bayou Plialia and 20 mis. E. ot' Ponchatoula. Pop., 585. One newspa- per. Covington, tn. in Dakota co., Nebr. Pop., 225. Covington, p. v. In the above tn., on the Mis- sissippi R., opposite Sioux city. Pop., 194. One newspaper. Covington, tn. in Wyoming CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,1 «». Covington, p. v. in the above tn., 13]4 mis. S. E. of Batavia. Covington, p. o. in Richmond co., N, C. Covington, p. v. in Miami co.. Ohio, on Still- water Cr. and the Columbus, Chicago & Indi- ana Central R. R., 6]/^ rals. W. Of Piqua. Pop., 1,010. One newspaiier. Covington, tn. in Clearfield co., Pa. Pop.. 701. Covington, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 1,182. Covington, tn. in Tioga co.. Pa. Pop., 811. Covington, p. v. in the above tn., on the Tio- ga R. R., 5 mis. S. of Mansfield. Pop., 315. ^Covington, p. v. and the co. seat of Tipton CO., Tenn., on the Mississippi River R. R., 19 mis. N. E. of Memphis. Pop., 447. One news- paper. Covington, p. o. in Hill co., Tex. Covington, tn. in Alleghany co., Va. Pop., 1,268. Covington, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R.. tiO mis. from Staunton. It lies on Dunlop's Cr., in a picturesque and fertile valley, between Pe- ter's Mt. & Warm Spring Mt. Covode, -p. V. in Indiana co., Pa., 24 mis. from Indiana. Cowan, p. o. in Delaware co., Ind. Cotvan, p. o. in Fleming co., Ky. Cowan, tn. in Wayne CO., Mo. Pop., 492. Cowan, p. o. in Union co.. Pa. Cowan, p. V. in Franklin co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Chattanooga R. R., 4 mis. S. E. of Dechcrd. Cowanesqne Valley, p. o. in Tioga co., Pa. Cowan's Ford, p. o. in Mecklenburg to., N. C. Cowanslianuock, tn. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Pop., 2,246. Cowanslianuock, v. in the above tn., on the Alleghany R. and the Alleghany Valley R. R., 11 mis. N.' of Logansport. Cowansville, p. v. in Armstrong co., Pa., 7 nils. N. W. of Kittanning. Cowdcn, p. o. in Shelby co., 111. Coweta, CO. in Ga.. W. part. Area, .347 sq.mls. Pop., 1.5,875; in 1860, 14,703. The Chattahoo- chee R. forms the north-westei'n boundary, and Line Cr. the eastern. The surface is un- diilating and the soil productive. The Atlan- tic & West Point R. R. passes through the co. Newnan is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 37,131 bush.; rye, 53 bush.; In- dian-corn, 224,070 bush.; oats, 26,586 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,7.32 bush.; sweet pot's, 19,828 bush.; cotton, 9,793 bales ; butter, 64,933 bush. Cash value of farms, $1,637,823. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,248,607. Value of m an u fac t ur e s , $295, 1 28. CowlUee, ]i. o. in Barbour CO., Ala. Cow Island, tn. in Lincoln CO., Me. Pop., 19. Cow l,alie, tn. in Jackson co., Ark. Pop., 180. Cowle's Station, p. v. in Macon co., Ala., on the Western R. R., 36 mis. from Ojielika. Cowlesville, p. v. in Wyoming co., N. Y., iV-, mis. S. of Alden on the Erie R. R. Cowley, CO. in Kans., S. parf, bordering on Ind. Ter. Area, 1,1.52 sq. mis. Pop., 1,175. This CO. has an undulating surface and con- sists chiefly of prairies. The Arkansas R. intersects the S. W. part and receives the White Water Cr., Grouse Cr. and Suicide Cr. Winfleld is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8,.5S0 bush.; rye, 2,380 bush.; In- dian-corn, 38,720 bush.; oats, 10,200 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,400 bush.; sweet pot's, 180 bush.; but- ter, 4,412 lbs.: hay, 1,786 tons. Cash value of farms, $295,917. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $163,151. Value of manufactures, $3,130. Cowlitz, CO. in Wash. Ter., S. W. part. Pop., 7.30; in 1860,408. It borders cm the Columbia R. and is mtersected by Covvlitz R., which flows through a very fertile valley. The north- western part of the co. is occupied by out lying spurs of the Coast Ranges. Monticello is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,605 bush.; rye, 7 bush.; oate, 12,9.33 bush; Irish pot's, 6,095 Dush.; butter, 14,075 lbs.; hay. COWLITZ. 247 CRAVEN. 1,425 tons. Casli value of farms, $212,550. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $54,986. Value of manufactures, $'>6.722. Cowlitz, p. V. in Lewis co., Wash. Ter., 30 mis. N. of Monticello. Pop., 278. Cowlitz River, in Wash. Ter., rises in the Cascade Mts. and empties into the Columbia R. at Monticello. Cowpens, p. o. in Tallapoosa co., Ala. Cowpens, p. o. in Spartan burgh district, S. C. Cow Run, p. V. in Washington co., Ohio, 9 mis. E. of Marietta. Coxsackie, tn. in Greene co., K. T. Pop., 3,829. Coxsackie, p. v. in the above tn., on the W. bank of the Hudson R., opposite Coxsackie Station, on the Hudson River R. R., 7^ mis. N. of Hudson. One newspaper. Coxsackie Station, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., on the Hudson River R. R., 7 mis. N. of Hudson. Cox Creek, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 989. Cox's Creek, p. v. in the above tn , 18 mis. from Manchester. Cox's Creek, p. o. in Nelson co., Ky. Cox's Itlills, p. o. in Wayne co., Ind. Cox's Mills, p o. in Gilmer co., W. Va. Cox's Station, p. o. in Charles co., Md. Coxvillc p. o. in Pitt co., N. C. Coyleville, p. v. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 75. Coyote, tn. in Trego co., Kansas. Pop., 17. Coyote Creek, in California, traverses a wide and very rich valley in Santa Clara co., be- tween the Santa Cruz Mts. and the Monte Diablo Rang(* It empties into the southern extremity of San Francisco B. Coy tee, p." o. in Loudon co., Tenn. Coy ville, p. v in Wilson co., Kans., 23 mis. W. of New Chicago. Crabb's Mills, p. o. in Jackson co., Iowa. Crabtree's Mills, p. o. in .Jackson co., Ohio. Crab Orchard, p. v. in Williamson co.. 111., IS mis. E. nf Carbondale. . Crab Orchard, p. v. in Lincoln co., Kv.," n the Knoxville Branch of the Louisville & Nashville R. R.. 11 mis. E. of Stanford. Pop.. 631. C»ab Orchard, p. o. in Ray co.. Mo., 10 mis. from Richmond. Crab Orchard, p. o. in Johnson co., Nebr. Crab Orchard, p. o. in Lee co., Va. Crab Tree, p. o. in Haywood co., N. C. Crab Tree, p. o. in Westmoreland CO., Pa. Cracow, p. o. in Huron co., Mich. Craftsbnry, tn. in Orleans co., Vt. Pop., 1,336. Craftsbury, p. v. in the above tn., 9)4 nils. S. by W. of East Albany. Cragg-ie Hope, p. o. in Cheatham co., Tenn. Craig, CO. in Va., S. W. part. Pop., 2,942 ; in 1860, 3,553. It extends from the main ridge of the AUeghanv Mts. in the S. E. to the Potts or Mid- dle Mt. ill the N. W., and is traversed by several other chains of mountains and hills which all have a N. E. and S. W. trend. The valleys are long and narrow. The N. E. corner is intersected by Craigs Cr., a tributary of the James R. This' creek is joined by Johns Cr. Sinking Cr., a tributary of New R., drains a valley in the southern part of the co. New Castle is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 23,854 bush.; rye, 11,772 bush.; In- dian-corn, 44,242 bush.; oats, 31,486 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,276 bush.; sweet pot's, 113 bush.; tobac- co, 15,750 lbs.; butter, 48,080 lbs.; hay, 1,605 tons. Cash value of farms, $861,052. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $192,248. Value of man- ufactures, $24,546. Craig's tn. in Van Buren co.. Ark. Pop., 282. Craig, tn. in Switzerland co., Ind. Pop., 1,848. Craig, p. o. in the above tn. Craig, p. o. in Holt co.. Mo. Craighead, co. in Ark., N. E. part. Area about 860 sq. mis. Pop., 4,577; in 1860, 3,006. The Cache R., a tributary of the White R., forms part of the western "boundary and traverses the CO. from N. N. E. to S. S. W. The St. Francis R., which here expands into the long St. Francis Lake, flows through the E. part, and the LanguiUe R. rises near the S. boun- dary. The surface is nearly level and mostly low. Crowley's Ridge, a low swell of the ground, separates the LanguiUe Valley from that of the St. Francis Lake, and forms the highest section of the co. Jonesborough is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 7,619 bush.; Indian-corn, 122,395 bush.; oats, 7,960 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,464 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,498 bush.; tobacco, 13,238 lbs.; cotton, 1,298 bales. Cash value of farms, $346,086. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- . eluding additions to stock, etc., $333,733. Value of manufactures, $18,375. Craig's Creek, p. o. in Craig co., Va. Craig's Ford, p. o. in Campbell co., Tenn. Craig's Mills, p. o. in Washington co., Va. Craigsville, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y., on the AVarwick Branch of the Newburg R. R., 3 mis. N. E. of Chester. Craigsville, p. o. in Armstrong co., Pa. Craigsville, p. o. in Lancaster district, S. C. Craigsville, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 18 mis. from Staun- ton. Crain's Creek, p. o. in Moore co., N. C. Cram's Corner, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. Cranberry, p. o. in Allen co., Ohio. Cranberry, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 1,281. Cranberry, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 945. Cranberry, tn. in Venango co., Pa. Pop., 2,337. Cranberry, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. E. of Franklin. Cranberry Creek, p. o. in Fulton co., N. Y. Cranberry Forge, p. o. in Mitchell co., N. C. Cranberry Isles, tn. in Hancock co., Me. Pop., 350. Cranberry Isles, p. o. in the above tn. Cranberry Plains, p. o. in Carroll co., Va. Cranberry Prairie, p. o. in Mercer co., Ohio. Cranbnry, p. v. in Middlesex co., N. J., on the Camden & Amboy R. R., IS mis. from South Aniboy. Crandall. p. o. in Lorain co., Ohio. Crandall's Comers, p. o. in Washington co., N. Y. Crane, tn. in Paulding co., Ohio. Pop,, 1,686. Crane, tn. in Wyandotte co., Ohio. Pop., 3,876. Crane Creek, tn. in Mason co., 111. Pop., 1,057. Crane Creek, tn. in Barry co.. Mo. Pop., 527. Crane's Mill, p. o. in Comal co., Tex. Cranesville, p. v. in Montgomery co., N. Y., on the Mohawk R. and the Central R. R., 3% mis. E. .of Amsterdam. Cranesville, p. o in Preston co., W. Va. Cranford, p. v. in Union co., N. J., on the Cen- tral New Jersey R. R., 7 mis. W. of Elizabeth. Crank's Creek, p. o. in Harlan co., Ky. Craiisdale, p. o. in Cloud co., Kans. Cranston, tn. in Providence CO., R. I. Pop., 4,822. Cranston Print Works, p. v. in the above tn., on the Providence & Hartford R. R., 4 mis. from Providence. Crany, p. o. in Wyoming co., W. Va. Crapo, p. o. in Osceola co., Mich. Crary's Mills, p. v. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 5 nils. S. E. of Canton. Crary ville, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., near Bain's Station on the Harlem R. R. Crater, tn. in Calhoun co.. 111. Pop., 564. Craven, co. in N. C, E. part. Area about 950 CRAWFOKD. 248 CRAWFORD. sfi. rals. Pop., 20,516; in 1S60, lfi,'2(;s. It bor- ders on ramlico Sounrl anil includes the broad estuary and lower course of the Neusc K.. which receives Swift Or. and Trent R. Tlie surface is low and level and Includes ex- tensive swamps. The higher tracts are cov- ered with pitch-pine forests. New Berne is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, ,3,.310 bush.; rye, 1,017 bush.; Indian-coi-n, 241.- O'U bush.; oats, ."J/JWi bush.; Irish pot's, 5,254 bush.; sweet pot's, 112.217 busli.; cotton, 3,809 bales ; butter, 7,251 lbs: hay, G20 tons. Cash value of farms, $S44.404. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $S21,r)(;7. ^'alue of manu- factures, .'!s501,872. Crawford, p. v. in Russell co., Ala., 12 mis. from Gii-ard. Crawford, co. in Ark., AY. part, bordering on the Ind. Ter. Area, .585 sq. nds. Po])., 8,a57 : jn 18()(l, 7,8.50. It is Ijoundeil on the S. by tlie Ark. R.. which herehas broad and fertile bot- tom-lands. The greater ]iart of the co. is liilly and brokenT The Hoston jMts., the height of which is estimated at 2,000 fi'et above tlie sea level, traverse tlie nortlicrn part. The principal rivers are the Frog Bayou ot"s, 20.811 bush.; sweet pot's. 1,617 bush.: bnlter. ](;4,h)3 lbs.; hay, 11,- 697 tons. Cash value of fuiins, ij!3,420,349.' To- tal, estim.ated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .Jl, 157, 3.58. Value of manufacitui^s, !t;203,3S5. Crawford, co. in Ind., S. part. Area, 280 sq. juls. Pop., 9,8.52; in 1860, 8,226. It is bounded on the S. by the Ohio R. and on the E. b\- the Great Blue R. The Little I'.lxn- R. flows through the ccmter from N. to S. and then forms apart of Its S. ^Y. boundary. The sur- face is rolling and broken. The bottom-lands along the wilter-courses, and particularly the Ohio, are the most fertile jiarls of the co. The higher ground is not very lU'oductive. Lea- venworth is the CO. seat. A.nr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 64,4,37 bush.; rye. 605 bush.; Indian-coi'n, 234,458 bush.; oats, 03,699 bush.; Iriili pot's, 29,631 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,162 bush.; butter, S2,419 lbs.; hay, 3,744 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,501,154. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ailditions to stock, etc., $472,597. Value of manufactures, $158,.594. Crawford, co. in Iowa, W. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. Pop., 2,.530 ; in 1860, 383. The co. has a rolling surface and consists mostly of open prairies. The largest stream is IJover R., which intersects it from N. E. to S. \Y., and receives within its limits numerous aftlnents. The Iowa Divi.sion of the Chicago & North- western R. R. passes through the CO. Deni- son is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 78,.538 bush.; rve, 241)usli.: liulian-coni. I31,6;>5 bush.; oats, 35,431 bush.: Irish not'.-. 13,236 bush.; sweet pot's, 24 bush.; wool^ 9.91-- lbs.; butter, 50,139 lbs.; lun", 6,468 tons. Cash ■\-aluc of farms, $986,740. * Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $236,555. Value of manu- factures, $58,883. Crawford, tn. in Madison co., Iowa. Pop., 739. Crawford, tn. in Pottawattamie eo., Iowa. Crawford, tn. in AVashington co., Iowa. l"op., Crawford, co. in Kaiis., S. E. part ; borders on the Stati! of Mo. Area about 570 sq. ml.-^. Pop. J 8,160. It has an undulating surface and consists chiefly of fertile prairies, with belt> of timber skirting the water-courses. The eastern portion is drained by AYills Cr.; the western by several smaUer creeks, emptying into the Neosho R., which flows near" the western border through Neosho co. The Mi.^- souri River, Fort Scott & Gulf i;. R. passes through the co. from N. to. S. Girard is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: ^Vheat, 34,382 bush.; rye, 213 bush.; Indian-corn, 28.5,- 500 bush.; oats, 56,785 bush.; Irish pot's, 33,:;oc- sweet pot's, 689 bush.; butter, 130,319 lbs.; hay, 14,745 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,676, .500. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tion j, including additions to stock, etc., $70i),- 767. \'alue of manufactures, $93,217. Crawford, tn. in Cherokee CO., Ivans. Pop., 593. Crawford, tn. in Crawford co., Ivans. Pop., 1,.535, Crawford, tn. in Washington co.. ]Me. Poji., 209. Crawford, p. o. in the above tn. Crawford, p. o. in Isabella co., Mich. Crawford, eo. iu Mo., S. E. part. Area about 575 sq. mis. Pop., 7,082 ; in 1860, 5,823. The sur- face is rollingand in some p;irts liilly, and the soil fertile, particularly in the river bivttoms. Large tracts of laud are covered with forests, others are open praries. This eo. is one of the richest of the state in mineral treasures. Iron, lead, copper and coal mines are exten- sively worketl. The Maramec R. is the prin- ciparstream, and with its numerous allluenls drains the co. The S. AY. branch of the Pa- cific R. R. intersects the N. W . poilion of the CO. Steelville is the co. seat. Agr. iirodui-- tions in 1870: AYlieat, 64, .530 bush., rye, 4,150 bush.; Indian-corn, 242,906 bush.; oats. 66,8S2 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,265 bush.; sweetpol s, 1,107 bush.; toliaeco, 5,885 lbs.; butter, 51,173 lbs.; hay, 1,775 Ions. Cash value of farms, $1,237,629. Total, estimated, value of all farm protlue- tions, including additions to stock, etc., .$423,. .538. N'aluc of Iiuinufactures, $143,540. Crawford, tn. in Osage co.. Mo. Pop., 2,4.38. Crawford, tn. in Buchanan co.. Mo. Pop. 1.5l(i. Crawford, p. o. in Madison CO., Mont. Crawford, tn. in Orange Co., N. Y. Vo[\ , 2,0J4. Crawford, co. in Ohio, N. central part. Area about 420 sq. mis. Pop., 25,550; in 1860, 23,8S). The surface is level and elevated; the soil fertile. The Little Scioto & AVhetstone R.^. CEAWFOED. 249 CEESTLIJsE. rise near the center of the co., and flo^v to the S. In the N. W. part rise several small tribu- taries of the Sandusky R. The Pittsburgh & Fort Wayne R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W., and the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. passes through the S. E. corner. Bucyrus is the CO. seat. jVgr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 4S-l,.516 bush.; rye, 7,7.35 l)u.sh.; Indian-corn, 4'24,- 383 bush.; oats, 4(J1,905 bush.; Irish pot's, 78,- 498 bush.; sweet pot's, 940 hush.; butter, 583,528 lbs.; hay, 35,097 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,(;34,69'7. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc.. $2.2-27,371. Value of manufactures, .$1,007,- 911.' Crawford, tn, in Cosliocton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,245. Crawford, tn. in Wyandot co., Ohio. Pop., 1,800. Crawford, co. in Pa., N. W. part ; borders on Ohio. Area about 1,010 sq. mis. Pop., 63,832 : iu 1S(J0, 48,755. The surface is undulating p^nd the soil productive. The largest stream is French Cr., which intersects the co. from X. to S., and receives Conneautee Or., Cussawago Cr. and Conneaut Cr., the outlet of Connciiut Lake. Another Cr., also called Conneaut Cr.. rises in the co., flows N. and emptie.s into Lake Erie. In the W. part is Pymatuniug Swamp. Iron ore, limestone anci marl are abundant. The co. is intersected bj- the Bea- ver & Erie Canal, the Franklin line of the Pennsylvania Canal, and the Athuitic and Great AVestern R. R. MeadviUe is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2.57,249 l)ush.; rye, 2(5, .537 bush.; oats, 924,392 bush.; In- dian-corn, 574, .538 bush.: Irisli pot's, 293,7.50 bush.; sweet pot's, 882 bush.; buttei', 2,04(),252 lbs.; hay, 102,181 tons. Cash value of farms, $21,905,(i(il. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,525,489. Value of manufactures, $10,- 157,009. Crawford, tn. in Clinton co.. Pa. Pop., 400. Crawford, p. o. m McLennan co., Tex. Crawford, co. in Wis., S. W. part. Area, 612 sq. mis. Pop., 13,075 ; in 1860, 8,068. It is bounded on the VV. by the Mississippi R., Avhich separates it from Iowa, and on the S. by the "Wisconsin R., which joins the Missis- sippi at the S. W. extremity. The surface is hilly and consists mostly "of prairies. The bottom-lands of the Mississippi are very fer- tile. The South Branch of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W. I'rairie du Chien is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 191,669 bush.; rye, 947 bush.; Indian-corn, 261,879 bush.; oats, 166,939 bush.; Irisli pot's, 79,649 bush.; butter, 226,277 lbs.; hay, 12,264 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,985,630. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc, ^820,513. X'alue of manufactures, §251.96.5. Crawford Corners, p. o. in Venango co.. Pa. Crawford House, p. o. in Coos co., N. H. Crawford's Quarry, p. o. in Presque Isle co., Mich. Oawfordsville, p. o. in Crittenden co.. Ark. CrawfordsviHc, p. o. in Crawford co.. 111. *Crawfordsville, city and the co. seat of Montgomery co., lud., ou Su^arCr. and at the intersection of Louisville, N. Albany & Chi- cago R. R. with the Indianapolis, Burlington Iills, p. o. in Plumas co., Cal. *Crcsco, p. V. in Howard Co., Iowa, on the Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R., 19 mis. X. W. of Cai- mar and 62 mis. from McGregor. It has a large trade and several manufactories. Tlirce newspapers. Cresco, tn. in Kossuth CO., Iowa. Pop., 309. Cressey's Corners, p. o. in Barry co., Mich. Crcsskill, p. v. in Bergen co., X. J., on the Xoithern Xew Jersey R. R., 3!^ mis. X. of Knglewood. Cresson, ]i. v. in Cambri.a co., Pa., on the Penn- sylvania Central R. R., 16 mis. W. of Altoona. Cressona, yi. v. in Schuvlkill co.. Fa., on the jNIiue Hill & Schuvlkill Haven R. R., 2 mis. N. W. of Schuvlkill Haven. Pop., 1,.507. *Crestline,"p. v. in Crawford co., Ohio, at the intersection of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cin- cinnati & Indianapolis 11. R. with the Pitis- CRESTON. 250 CEOPSEY. burgli, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 13 mis. "W. of the citj' of Mansfield. Pop., 2,279. One newspaper. •Creston, u. v. in Ogle cc, 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. 11., 5% mis. JH. of Rochelle. One newspaper. ♦Crestoii, p. V. in Union co., Iowa, at the junc- tion of the Burlington & Missouri River K. II. ■with the Crestou Branch, 10 mis. from Aftou. Pop., 411. One newspaper. Creswell, p. o. in Bradley co., Ark. Creswell, p. o. in Jefferson co., Colo. Ter, Creswell, p. o. in Spalding co., Ga. Creswell, p. o. in Leon co., Fla. Creswell, p. o. in St. Clair co., 111. Creswell, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ind. Creswell, p. o. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Cresw^ell, tn. in Cowley co., Kaus. Pop., 214. Creswell, p. o. in Caldwell co.. Ivy. Creswell, p. o. in Harford co., Md. Creswell, p. o. In Antrim co., Mich. Creswell, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Creswell, p. o. in Washington co., N. C. Creswell, p. o. in Lane eoT, Oreg. Creswell, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Creswell, p. o. in Houston co., Tex. Creswell, p. o. in Russell co., Va. Crete, tn. in Will co., 111. Pop., 1,468. Crete, p. v. in the ahove tn., on the Chicago, Danville & Vinceunes R. R., 35 mis. S. of Chi- cago. *Crete, p. v. in Saline co., Nebr., on the Big Blue R. and at the junction of the Burlington & Missouri River R. R. with the Beatrice Branch, 20 mis. from Lincoln. One newspaper. Creve Coeur, p. o. in St. Louis co., Mo. Crevi, p. o. in Tallahatchie co.. Miss. Cribbs, p. o. in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Criciersville, p. v. in Auglaize CO., Ohio, on the Dayton & JMichigan R. R., 6 mis. N. of Wapakonetta. Pop., 107. Crigler's Mills, p. o. in Ralls co,, Mo. Criglersville, p. o. in Madison co., Va. Crislieltl, p. v. in Somerset co., Md., in the village of Jacksonville, on the Eastern Shore R. li. It is engaged in oyster fishing. Two neNvspapers. Crisman, p. o. in Porter co., Ind. Crisp's Cross Roads, p. o. in Harrison co., Ind. Cristonie, p. o. in Saguache co., Colo. Crittenden, co. in Ark., JK. part. Area, 994 sq. mis. Pop., 3.831 ; in 18()0, 4,920. This co. lies between the Mississippi R. on the E. and the St. Francis R. on the W. The surface con- sists of a low and level alluvial plain, many parts of which are subject to inundation, while others are permanently swampy. Sev- eral lakes, remnants of the former bed of the Mississippi, occur in the E. part. The Tyronza and other tributaries of the St. Francis R. fiow through this co. from N. E. to S. W. The soil is very fertile. Marion is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 76,340 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,052 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,012 bush.; tobacco, 200 lljs.; cotton, 0,841 bales. Cash value of farms, $443,.335. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., ij(l97,278. Crittenden, co. in Ky., W. part. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 9,381 ; in 1800, 8,795. The Ohio R. washes its N. AV. boundary, and sep- arates it from Illinois ; Tread water Cr. bounds it on the N. E. and Deer Cr. on the W. The surface is level or undulating ; the eastern portion is somewhat broken by gentle hills. Coal, lead and iron are extensively mined. Marion is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 43,203 bush.; rye, 1,551 bush.; In- dian-corn. 403,918 bush.; oats, 17,487 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,510 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,5 ;t; Inish.; tobacco, 1,970,770 lbs.; butter, 04,405 lbs.; hay, 987 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,295,010. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions. including additions to stock, etc., $552,851. Value of manufactures, $17,650. Crittenden, tn. in Champaign co., 111. Pop., 870. Crittenden, p. o. in Franklin co., 111. Crittenden, p. o. in Cass co., Ind. Crittenden, p. v. in Urant co., Ky.,5 mis. from Verona. Pop., 295. Crittenden, p. o. in Daviess co.. Mo. Crittenden, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 15mls. W. of Batavia. Crittenden l^pring, p. o. in Crittenden co., CroeUcr, p. v. in Pulaski co.. Mo. Crocltery, tn. in Ottawa co., Mich. Pop., 1,125. Crockersville, p. o. in Woodruff co.. Ark. Crockett, tn. in Arkansas co.. Ark. Pop., 637. *Crocl£ett, p. V. and co. seat of Houston co., Tex., 75 mis. N. E. of Navasota. Pop., .538. It is an important commercial center and has two newspajiers. Crockett's Bluff, p. v. in Arkansas co., Ark., on White R. Pop., 37. Crofton, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. Croftsville, ]i. o. in Tazewell co., Va. Crog'han, tn. in Lewis co., N. Y. Pop., 2,433. Cro^lian, p. v- in the above tn., on Beaver R., 13 mis. N. E. of Lowville. Croniers, p. o. in Franklin co., Ga. Cromwell, tn. in Middlesex co.. Conn. Pop., l,85tj. *Croniwell, p. v. in the above tn., pear the Connecticut R., 3 mis. N. of Middletown, Cromwell, p. o. in Noble co., Ind. Cromwell, p. v. in Union co., Iowa, on the Burlington & Missouri River R., R. 196 mis. from Burlington. Pop., 178. Cromwell, p. v. in Ohio co., K5'., on Green R., 11 mis. from Morgantown.. Pop., 149. Cromwell, tn. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Pop., 1,380. Crook, tn. in Boone co., W. Va. Pop. 702. Crook, p. V. in the Q,bove tn., 62 mis. from Ka- nawha Court House. Crooked ISrook, p. o in Washington co.. Me. Crooked Creek, tn. in Boone co., Ark. Pop., (i4(i. Crooked Creek, tn. in Cumberland co., 111. Pop., 9S1. Crooked Creek, tn. in Jasper co., 111. Pop., l,.5fiS. Crooked Creek, p. o. in Steuben co., Ind., in the village of Jamestown, 5 mis. W. of Fre- mont. Crooked Creek, p. o. in McPherson co., Kans. Crookewell, p. o. m St. Clair co., Ala. Crosby, tn. iu Hamilton co., Oliio. Pop., 2,5U. Crosby vllle, p. o. in Chester district, S. C. Cross, CO. in Ark., E. part. Area about 600 sq. mis. Top., 3,915. The St. Francis R. forms the eastern boundary of the co. The surface is low and level, and large parts of it are cov- ered with cypress swamps. "Wittsburgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 513 bush.; Indian-corn, 77,408 bush.; oats, 3,971 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,235 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,461 bush.; tobacco, 215 lbs.; cotton, 1,719 bales. Oashvalueof farms, $306,067. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $351,576. Value of manu- factures, $32^944. Cross, tn. in Buffalo co., Wis. Pop., 504. Cross, p. o. in the above tn. Cross Ancbor, p. o. in Spartanburgli district, S. C. Cross Anchor, p. o. in Greene co., Tenn. Cross Bridg-es, p, o. in Maury co., Tenn. Cross Creek, tn. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Pop., 1,800. Cross Creek, tn. in Washington co., Pa. Pop., 1,034. Cross Creek, tn. in Brooke co., W. Va. Pop., 1,907. Cross Creek Tillage, p. v. in Washington CO., Pa., 5 mis. S. of Cardville, on the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. Cross Cut, p. v. in Lawrence Co., Pa., on the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R., 2\4 mis. S. of New- castle. Cross Fork, p. o. in Clinton co., Pa. Cross Hill, p. o. in Kennebec CO., Me. Cross Hill, p. Y. in Laurens district, S. C, 13 mis. from Laurens Court House. Cross Hollow, p. o. in Benton co., Ark. Crossiiig:ville, p. v. in Crawford co.. Pa., 7 mis, S. I>J. of Lundy's Lane. Cross Keys, p. v. in De Kalb co., Ga., 12 mis. from Atlanta. Cross Keys, p. v. in Camden co., N. J., IS mis. S. of Camden. Cross Keys, p. v. in Union district, S. C, 11 nils, from Unionville. Cross Keys, p. v. in Rockingham co., Va., 8 mis. from Ilarrisonbui-g. Cross Kill Mills, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Crosslrtinl, p. o. in Callaway co., Ky. Cross Plains, p. o. in Calhoun co.,'Ala. Cross Plains, p. o. in Ripley co., Ind. Cross Plains, p. o. in Metcalfe co., Ky. Cross Plains, p. v. in Robertson co., Tenn., 11 mis. from Springville. Cross Plains, tn. in Dane CO., Wis. Pop., IjSO". Cross Plains, p. v. in the above tn., on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 14 mis. W. of Madison. Cross River, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., 5 mis. from Katonah. Cross Itoads, p. o. in Johnson co.. 111. Cross Koads, p. o. in Charles co., Md. Cross lloads, p. o. in Gi-eene co., Miss. Cross Koads p. o. of the v. of Midway, in Madison co., Ohio, 11 mis. S. of London. ' Cross Roads, p. o. in York co., Pa. Cross Rocks, p. o. in INIadison co., N. C. Cross Timbers, p. o. in Hickory co., Mo. Cross Timbers, p. o. in Ellis co., Tex. Cross Village, p. o. in Enimett co., Mich. Crossville, p. o. in De Kalb co., Ala. Crossville, p. o. in White co.. 111. Crossville, p. o. in Gates co., N. C. Crossville, p. v. and the co. seat of Cumber- land CO., Tenn., 50 mis. N. E. of McMinnville. Pop., 95. Crossville, p. o. in Bell co., Tex. Crosswicks, p. v. in Burlington CO., N. J., 4 mis. E. of Bordentown. Crocner's Ferry, p. o. tn Dorchester co., Md. CrotSiersville, p. v. in Jackson co., Ind. on the Jefferson, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., U% mis. S. of the city 6f Seymour. Croton, p. V. In Lee co., Iowa, on the Dc3 Moines Valley R. R., 25 mis. from Keokuk. Croton, tn. in Newaygo co., Mich. Pop., 923. *Croton, p. V. in the above tn., 8 nils, from Newa^'go. Croton, p. o. in Hunterdon co., N. J., 4 mis. W. of Flemington. Croton, p. v. m Delaware co., N. Y., 7H mis. S. E. of Otego on the Susquehanna R. and R. R. Croton, p. V. iu tLicking co., Ohio, 23 mis. N. W. of Newark. Croton Falls, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the Harlem R. R.,iS]4 mis. N. of New York and on the Croton R. Crotou I^anding, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the Hudson River R. R., 3J4 mis. N. of Sing Sing. Croton River, a tributary of the Hudson R. in N. Y. ; rises in Putnam co., and traverses Westchester co. It is the outlet of Croton Lake. N. of its mouth is a narrow peninsula known as Croton Point. Crown Creek, tn. in^tearns co., Minn. Pop., 197. Crouse Creek, tn. inCowlej-co., Ivans. Pop., 153. Cronse's Store, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Crow, tn. in Anoka co., Minn. Pop., 39(5. Crow Creek, p. o. in Buffalo co.. Dak. Ter. Crowder's Mountain, p. o. in Gaston co., N. C. Crowell, p. o. in Dodge co., Nebr. Crowellton, p. o. in Buffalo co., Nebr. Crow liake, p. o. in Stearns co., Minn, Crowley, p. o. in Greene co.. Ark. Crown City, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. *Crown Point, p. v. and the co. seat of Lake CO., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R., 41 mis. S. S. E. of Chicago. It is engaged in fai'ming and stock raising and has two newspapers. Crown Point, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 2,449. Crown Point, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mle. W. of Lake Chamjjlain and 7 mis. N. of Ticonde- roga. Crown Point Center, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y., 21-:^ nils. W. of Crown Point. Crownsville, p. v. Anne Arundel co., Md., on the Annapolis & Elk Ridge R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Annapolis. Crow River, p. o. in Meeker co., Minn. Crow's I>andiug, p. o. in Stanislaus co., Cal. Crow's Mills, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Crowville, p. o. in Warrick co., Ind. Crowville, p. o. ni Franklin co., La. Crow Wing, co. in Minn., N. central part. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop., 200; in 1860, 269. The Mississippi R. forms the N. W. boundary and receives the Rabbit and Nokily Rs., which intersect the co. from S. to W. There are numerous small lakes scattei-ed throughout the CO. The Lake of Mille Lacs extends into the E. part. The surface is rolling and con- sists partly of prairies and partlj^ of pine for- ests. The CO. seat is Crow Wing. Agr. pro- ductions in 1S70 : Rye, 400 bush ; Indian-corn, 3,285 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,550 bush.; butter, 97C lbs. Cash value of farms, $5,950. Total, esti mated, value of all farm productions, mclu- ding additions to stock, etc., $6,362. Crow Wing, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on the Mississippi R., opposite the mouth of the Ciow Wing R., 11 mis. below Brainerd on the Northern Pacific R. R. Croxton, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Croyden, tn. in Sullivan co., N. H. Pop., 652. Croyden, p. v. iu the above tn., 16 mis. from Clareniont Station. Croyden Flat, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. H. Croydon, p. v. in Morgan co., Utah, in the Lost Creek Canon ancl near the Union Pacific R. R., 9 mis. N. W. of Echo. CROYLE CUMBERLAND. Croylc, In. in Camhria co., Pa. Pop., SS6. Crngfer, p. v. in Woodford oo., 111., on tlie To- ledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. K., 18 mis. W. of El Paso. rriiiJib Tfill, p. o. in Madison CO., X. Y. C^ruiii CJrcck, p. o. in Fulton co., N. Y. Oriiiii £Ibow, ]). o. in Dutcliess co., N. Y. Criiiiiptoii, p. V. in Queen Anne co., Md., on the Chester R., y]4 nils, aliovn Chesterto'wn. Criiso, p. o. in Seneca co., N. Y. <'r.vstal, tn. in Hancock co., Iowa. Pop., 58. ♦'r.vstal, tn. in Taiiui co., l«\va. Pop., m-i. Cr.Tstal, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. of Tama City. Crystal, tn. in Aroostook co., Mc. Pop., 2.5O. Crystal, tn. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 746. Crystal, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. E. of Stanton. Crystal, tn. in Oceana co., Mich. Pop., ISl. Crystal City, p. o. in JotlVrson co., Mo. Crystal Creel*, p. o. in Siskiyou co., Gal. Crystal Lake, p. \-. in ^Mcllenrv co., 111., 1 mie. S. W. of Nunda, or Crystal Lake Station, on tbe Chicago & Nofrhwcstern R. R. Crystal liake, p. o. in Hancock co.. Iowa. Crystal I^alte, tn. in Benzie co., Mich. Pop., 585. Crystal I.alte, tn. in Ilennepiu co., Minn. Pop., 718. Crystal lialio, p. o. in Waupacca co., Wis. Crystal I.alie, tn. in Marquette Co., Wis. Pop., .550. Crystal Spring', p. o. in Y'atcs co., N. Y. ^Crystal f^priiig's, p. v. in Copiab co., Mi.?s., on the New Orleans, Jackson & (ireat North- ern R. R., -25 mis. S. of Jackson. Pop., 864. Crystal Vallc.v, p. o. in Oceana co., Mich. Cuba, p. v. in Pulton co.. 111., on the Toledo, Peoria & Wav.saw R. R., 38 mis. from Peoria. Pop., 5!J8. Cuba, tn. in Lake co., 111. Pop., 970. Cuba, p. o. in Owen co., Ind. Cuba, V. in Jlonroe co., Iowa, G mis. E. of Al- bia. Po]5., 84. Cnba, p. o. in Republic co., Ivans. Cuba^ p. o. in Onaehita ])arish. La. Cuba, p. o. in -Vttala co.. Miss. Cuba, p. V. in Crawford CO., Mo., on the Atlan- tic & Pacific R. R., 90 mis. from St. Louis. Cuba, tn. in AUesiany co., N. V. Pop., 2,397. *CHba, p. V. in tlie above tn., on the EricR. R., 121^ mis. E. of Olcan ; lias much local trade and improves rapidly. One newspaper. Cuba, p. o. in Rutherford co., N. C. Cuba, p. V. in Clinton co., Ohio, 4 mis. N. W. of INIartinsville. Pop., 7(5. Cuba, ]). o. in Shelby co., Tenn. Cuba J^iaitding-, {). o. in Humphrey's CO., Tenn. Cuba Station, p. v. in Sumter CO., Ala., on the Sclma cS: Meridian R. R., 7 mis. S. W, of York. Cub Hill, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. t'ueaDion^'a, ]i. o. in San Bernardino CO., Cal. CucSiaras, p. o. in Huerfano co., Colo. CiicUoo, tn. in Louisa co., Va. ]?op., 2,199. Cuckoo, p. o. in the abov(i tn. Curtdebackvilie, p. o. in Orange co., N. Y., on the Delaware I'i Hudson (Janal. Cuero, i>. o. in De Wilt eo., Tex. CuHcy's Cove. p. o. in Mendocino co., Cal. Cutvre, tn. in Audrain co., ]\Io. Pop. 1,480. Ciiivre, p. o. in Mncoln co., Jfo. Cuivre, tn. in Pike co.. Mo. Po]-)., 3,271. Culfiruui, p. o. in I\rorrison eo., ^[inn. Calleu, tn. in Pulaski co.. Mo. Pop., 849. ('Ulicu, p. o. ill Herkimer eo , N. Y. Culleoka, p. v. in Maury co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Decatur R. R. Cullodeu, p. V. in Monroe co., Ga., 15 mis. from Forsyth. Culpepi»cr, CO. in Va., N. E. part. Area, 673 sq. mis. Pop., 12,227; in 18()0. 12.0;;3. The North Fork of the Rappahannock R., also called Hedsemans R., forms the N. E. bound- ary, and is joined at the eastern extremity of the CO. by the Rapidan R.. which forms" the southern boundary. Crooked R. forms part of the Avestern boundary. The surface in pleasantly diversified by hills and valley^-. The latter have a fertile soil, while the former are mostly covered with forests. The eo.'i.s interseeteii by the Oranfi;e & Alexandria R. R. Culpepiicr Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 10.5,588 bush.; rye, 3,842 biish.; Indian-corn, .361,654 bush.; oats, 78,.568 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,644 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,770 bush.: tobacco, 2,838 lbs.; butter, 83,974 lbs.: hay, 2.70G tons. Cash value of farms, .$4,041,710. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includin.i; additions to stock. etc., S5S.3.5.50. Value of maniTfactnres, *216,24'i. *CHlpeppcr Court House, or Fairfax, p. V. and the co. s6atof tbe above co.. fin the Or;inf>e, Alexandria & Manassas R. M., 9i; mis. from 'Washington ; lies in a fertile and Mcll cultivated district. Pop., 1,800. One news- paper. Culver, p. o. in Bay co., iMich. Culver's Station, \i. v. in Tippeeanoo co., Ind.. on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & L:i Fay- ette P.. 1!., 8 mis. S. E. of La Faj-ette. Culverton, )). v. in Hancock co., Ga.. on the Macou \- Augusta R. R., 6 mis. E. of Sparta. Cumberland, co. in III., E.part. Area. o'.iO so. mis. Pop., 12,223 : in I'^CO, 8,311. The surface is mostly level, and consists of prairies alter- nating M'ith woodland. The soil is fertile. The Embarras R. flows througli it from N. to S. The Chicago Branch of the Illinois II. R. passes through the N. W. corner of the co. Majority Point is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions iii 1870: Wheat, 8.5,247 bush.; rye, 14,798 liush.; Indian-corn, 403,798 bush.; oats, 171,880- bush.; Irish jiot's, 18,734 bush.; sweet pot's. 710 bush.; butter, 68,6.53 lbs.: hay, 9,372 tons. Casli value of farms, $2,.529,6.50. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions I0 stock, etc., $519,013. Value of manu- faetur<>s, s;2.30,773. Cumberland, tn. in Clark co., 111. Pop., 1,469. Cumberland, p. v. in Marion co., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R., 11 mis. E. of Indianapolis. Pop., 276. Cumberland, co. in Ky., S. part ; borders on Tenn. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 7,690; in 18i;0, 7,340. The surface is hilly, and the valleys are inclosed by hills of consideralile height. The Cumberland R. flows through the CO. from N. E. to S. W. with a very tortu- ous course. It is navigable for small boats. Burkesville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 20,.523 Inish.; rye, 96!) bush.; Indian-corn, 243,840 bush.; oats, 43..300 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,321 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,440 bush.; tobacco, 1,304,.366 lbs.; Imtter, 64,918 lbs.: hay, 699 tons. Cash value of farms, $939,691. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $447,332. N'alue of maiinfaclures, $55,760. Cumberland, eo. in Me., S. W. part. Area about 995 sq. mis. Pop., 82,021 ; in 1S60, 75,.5!)1. The surface is rolling and the soil moderately fei'tile. The co. borders on the Atlantic Ocean, and its rock-bound coast is deeply in- dented by Cisco B. Near the center is Seba- go L., and in the northern part are sevei'al long and narrow ponds. The Saco 1{. forms part of the S. W. boundary. The Sapgo R. enters the Sebago Lake from the N. Several lines 01 railroad traverse the co. from S. \V. to N. E. and center in Portland, the co. seat. The Grand Trunk R. R. connects Portland with the prineii^al cities of Canada. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: AVheat, 11,719 bush.; rye, 3,767 bush.; Indian-corn, liiLSbT) bush.; oati?, 77,10;> bush.; Irish pot's, .510,007 bush.; sw(>et pot's, 42 bush.; butter. 1,060,811 lbs.: hay, 8s,.HiL tons. Cash value of farms, $13,029,330. Total, esti- CUMBERLAND. CUMING. ■mated, value of all farm procTiictions, incliid- Ing additions to stock, etc., $3,016,347. Value of munufaetures, $10,557,581. Cuinberlaud, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., on the Portland & Kennebec R. 11., 12 mis. N. K. of Portland. Cumberland, tn. in Cumberland co., jNIe. Pop.,l,(;'27. *^<'iiinberland, city and the co. seat of AUc- f^luinyco., :Md., on the Potomac II. aiiil tlicBal- timoi-e & Ohio K. R., 179 mis. from Baltimore. It lies in the beautiful and fertile valley W. of the Blue Mts. and has considerable ti-ailc 'I'lie coal mines in the neighborhood are veiy rich. Pop., 8,0.5t). Four newspapers. <.'iiinbcrlaiid, p. o. in Choctaw co.. Miss. v'tiinberland, co. in N. .J., S. part. Area, 5IG sq. mis. Pop., 34,6()5; in 18U0, •Jf2,(;o:,. It is bounded on the S. by Delaware B., and on tb.e E. by Tuckahoe Cr. The largest streams are ^[aurice R., which receives tlie Manumuskin 11. and Menantico Cr.; Dividing- Ci'. and Co- hansey Cr. The surface is low and level ; the soil productive. Marl occurs in the AV^. part of the CO., and is extensively us(hI as a fertili- ze)-. The CO. is Intersected" by tlie Cai)e May & MiUvillo R. R. Bridgeton "is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 140.540 Imsh.; rye. 4,314 bush.; oats, 9S,079 bush ; Indiau-coru, .507.53!) bush.; Irish pot's, '203,88(! bush.; sweet pot's, 21(),987 bush.; butter, 209,140 lbs.; hay, 27,- 712 tons. Cash value of farms, $'),5i5,!)3f). Total, estimated, value of all farm ])rodue- tion.s, ineltuling additions to stoclc, etc., $2,- 254,90(j. Value "of manufaetun's, $(5,314,577. Cisnibcrlaiid, co. in N. C, central part. Area aliout 9.50 sq. nils. Po))., 17,035 ; in IsOO, l().3i;9. It is l)ou!ided on the E. by Souni II., a. tribu- tary of the Cape Fear 11., which in terseeis the CO. "from N. to S., and receives Roeklish Cr. • andljittleR. The western part is un^ mis. N. W. of Williamsburg. Cnniniin$;ton West Village, p. v. in Hamp- shire CO., Mass., 5 mis. N. W. of Cummington. Cummins, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Ark. Cummin's Creek, p. o. in Ellis co., Tex. Cumminsvlllc, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, 5 mis. by railroad N. of Cincinnati. Cninrii, tn. in Berks co., Pa. Pop., 2,573. Cumru, p. o. in the above tn. Cunningbam, tn. in Cliaritan co.. Mo. Pop., 7til. Cunningham, p. o. in the above tn. Cunningham, p. v. in Clarion co.. Pa., on the Alleghany II. and the Alleghany Valley R. R., 2(5 mis. N.'of Kittanning. Cunningham, tn. iiiFluvanna CO., Va. Pop., 2,771. ^ Cunningham's mills, p. o. in Ritchie co., W. Va. Cunningham's Store, p. o. in Person co., N. C. Cupola, p. o. in Chester co.,Pa., on the Waynes- burg Branch R. R., 13?^ mis. N. W. of Down- ingtown. Curclsville, p. o. in Daviess co., Ky. Curclsville, tn. in Buckingham co., Va. Pop., 2,101. Curdsville, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Farmville. Curenton Bridge, p. o. in Henry co., Ala. Curetou's Store, p. o. in Lancaster district, S. C. Curia, p. o. in Independence co.. Ark. Curllsville, p. o. in Clarion co., Pa., 10 mis. S. of Clarion. Curl's Wharf, p. o. in Henrico co., Va. Curran, tn. in Sangamon co.. 111. Pop., 1,000. Curran, p. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, Wabash & VVestern R. R., 9 mis. W. of Spring- field. Curran, p. o. in Stone co. . Mo. Currant Creek, p. o. in Fremont Co., Col. Currant River, tn. In Shannon co.,Mo. Pop., 825. Currant River, p. o. in the above tn. Current, tn in Dent oo.. Mo. Pop., 4ii7. Current River, tn. in Randolph co.. Ark. Pop.,l.:i7s. C«rreiitRivcr,tn. in Ripley CO., Mo. Pop., 980. CurrierMville, p. o. in Moore co., N. C Currituck, co. in N. C, forms the N. E. ex- tremity of the state. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 5,131 ; in IsiiU, 7,415. This co. borders on Va., on the Atlantic Ocean and on the Albe- marle Sounfi. It includes Cui'rituck Sound, ■which is separated from the Ocean by narrow and low sandy islands. The North R. washes the S. W. bonier. The surface Is level and the soil sandy. Currituck Court House is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,345 bush.; Indian-corn, 270,(j'.>9 hush.; oats, 1,150 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,.3Si) bush.; sweet pot's, 09,708 bush.; butter, 5,343 lbs. Cash value of farms, .{(510,874. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $411,790. Value of manufactures, $18,300. Currituck Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of Currituck co., N. C, on Currituck Sound and 33 mis. S. of Norfolk, Va. Currituck Sound, on the N. E. shore of N. C; is an extension of Albemarle Sound, and is separated from the ocean by Currituck Island, which is low and sandy anil over 30 mis. long. Currohee, p. o. in Habersham co., Ga. Curry, tn. in Sullivan co., Ind. Pop., 2,171. Curry, co. in Oreg., forming its S. W. corner. Area about 2,080 sq. mis. Pop., 504 ; in 1800, 393. The surface is diversified by mountains, hills and beautiful level valleys, and is cov- ered by prairies and forests, skirting the water-courses. The largest stream is the Rogue R., Avhich intersects the co. from W. to E. Flores Cr.,Elk R., Savage Cr. and Chctoe Cr. drain large sections. The soil of the val- leys is very productive. KUensburg is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 1,821 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,274 bush.; oats, 2,601 bush.; Irish pot's. 4,319 bush.; bvitter, 16,510 lbs.; wool, 24,110 lbs.; hay, 149 tons. Cash value of farms, $80,290. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $69,849. Curry, tn. in Putnam co., W. Va. Pop., 1,102. Curry's Creek, p. o. in Kendall co., Tex. Curry's Run, p. o. in Harrison co., Ky. Curry ville, p. o. in Pike co.. Mo. Curtin, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop.. 459. Curtin, p. o. in Dauphin co.. Pa., 8 mis. N. E. of Millersbnrg. Curtis, tn. In Roane CO., W. Va. Pop., 580. Curtis' Corner, p. o. in Androscoggin co.. Me., on the Androscoggin R. R., 15 mis. S. or Livermore. Curtis' Mills, p. o. in Alamance co., N. C. Curtis' Station, in Steuben co., N. Y., on the Rochester division of the Erie R. R., 1% mis. N. W. of Corning. Curtisville. p. v. in Tipton co., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R., 4Vgmls. N. W. oflillwood. Curtisville, p. v. in Berkshire CO., Mass., 4 mis. S. E. of W. Stockbridgo. Curveton, p. v. in Cass co., Ind., on the Wa- bash R. and on the Columbus, Chicago & Indi- ana Central R. R., 7 mis. W. of Logansport. Curwinsvllle, p. v. in Clearflekl co.. Pa., 6 mis. S. W. of Clearfield. Pop., 556. One news- paper. Cush.p. o. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Cushing, tn. in Knox co.. Me. Pop., 704. Cushing, p. V. in the above tn., near the mouth of St. George's R., and 11 mis. from Rockland. Cushing, p. o. in Polk co.. Wis. Cushman, p. o. in Moultrie co., 111. Cushtusa, p. o. in Neshoba co.. Miss. Cusseta, p. v. in Chambers co., Ala., on the Western R. R., 11 mis. from AVest Point. Cusseta, p. v. and the co. seat of Chattahoo- chee CO., Ga., 19 mis. from Columbus. Pop., 210. Cussewago, tn. in Crawford co., Pa. Pop., 1,074. Custar, p. V. in Wood co., Ohio, on the Dayton & Michigan R. R., 15^^ mis. S of Haskins. Custard's, p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa. Cutchouge, p. V. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 9 mis. from Greenport. One newspaper. Cuthand, p. o. in Red River CO., Tex. *Cuthbert, p. V. and the co. seat of Randolph CO., Ga., on the Southwestern R. R., 37 mis. W. by S. of Smithsville, and 118 mis. from Macon. I'op., 2,210. It has several educational institutions, a cotton factory and one news- paper. Cutler, p. o. in Carroll co., Ind. Cutler, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 925. Cutler, p. V. in the above tn., on the sea-coast, 14 mis. S. E. of Machias. Cutler, p. V. in Washington co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 17 mis. W. of Marietta. Cutler Station, p. o. in Perry oo., 111. Cut Shin, p. o. in Perry co., Ky. CUT OFF. 255 CYRUSTON. Cut Off, p. V. in Drew oo., Ark., 15 mis. fi-om Monticello. Cnttlng'sville, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt., on the Rutland & Vennont Valley R. R., 10 mis. S. E. of Rutland. Cuvier, tn. in St. Charles co., Mo. Pop.,a,174. Cuyabog'a, co. in Ohio, N. il. part. Area 430 SCI. mis. Pop. 132,010; in 1860, 78,033. The sur- face is on the whole level ; but most of the streams flow through deeply cut valleys. The Cuyahoga R. intersects the center from S. to N. The Rock R. intersects the western part, and Chagrin R. the eastern. They empty into Lake Erie, which washes the northern bor- der. The l>ake Shore R. R. passes along Lake Erie, Prom Cleveland, the co. seat, several railroads branch oir,connecting it with Cincin- nati, Pittsburgh and other places. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: "Wheat, 77,488 bush.; rye, 19,707 bush.; Indian-corn, 350,702 bush.; oats, 419,176 bush.; Ii'ish pot's, 484,724 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,043 bush.; butter, 786,430 lbs.; hay, 44,- 640 tons ; cash value of farms, $20,270,197. To- tal, estimatedj value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,398,792. Value of manufactures, $27,049,012. *Cnyalia§fo Falls, p. v. in Summit co., Ohio, on Cuyahoga R., the Pennsylvania & Ohio Canal and on the Cleveland, Mt. Vernon & Delaware R. R., 6 mis. N. of Akron. Pop., 1,861. Vuyaboga River, in Ohio ; rises in Geauga CO. ; flows S. "W. through Portage co., turns to the N. in Summit co., and passes through Cuyahoga co., emptying into Lake Erie at Cleveland. Cuyler, tn. in Cortland co., N. T. Pop., 1,357. Cuyler, p. o. in the above tn. Cuylerville, p. v. in Livingston co., N. T., on the Genesee Valley Canal, and 4% mis. W. of Geneseo. Cylon, p. V. in St. Croix co., Wis., SO mis. from Hudson. Cyntbiana, p. v. in Posey co., Ind., 16% mis. S. W. of Princeton. ^Cyntbiana, p. v. and the co. seat of Harri- son CO., Ky., on the Kentucky Central R. R. 66 mis. from CovingtoiH Fop., 1,171. Two newspapers. Cyntbiana, tn. in Shelby co., Ohio. Pop., 1,597. Cyntbiana, p. v. in Pike co., Ohio, 7 mis. S. W. of Bainbridge. Cypre-mort, p. o. in St. Mary's parish. La. Cypress, tn. in Monroe co.. Ark. Pop., 655. Cypress, p. o. in the above tn. Cypress, tn. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Pop., 369. Cypress, tn. in Harrison co., Mo. Pop., 1,230. Cypress, p. o. in Perry co., Tenn. Cypress, tn. in Nanseniond co., Va. Pot).. 2,550. ^ ' Cypress, p. o. in Kenosha co.. Wis. Cypress Bayon, tn. in Arkansas co., Ark. Pop., 318. Cypress Creek, p. v. in Desha co.. Ark. Cypress Creek, p. o. in Johnson co., 111. Cypress Hill, p. o. in Williamson co.. 111. Cypress Top, p. o. in Harris co., Tex. Cyruston, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn. DACADA. 256 DAKOTA. D. DAcada, p. r. in Sheboygan co., 'Wis., 13 mis. N. of Ozankee. I>acota, in. in Waushara co., Wis. Pop., 477. Oacusville, p. o. in Pickens district, S. C, lVy4 m\^. W. of Greenville. Dade, co. in Fla., .S. part. Area, 1,025 sq. mis. Top., 8d ; in ISiiO, 83. The surface is generally level. The Everglades, a large expanse of shallow water surrounding thousands of small islands, occupy most of the surface. The couutj- is bounded on the E. by the At- lantic Ocean, on the S. V)y Florida 15., and on the W. by Gulf of Mexico. Biscayneis the co. seat. Dacic, CO. in Ga., N. W. part. Area, 2.3.5 sq. mis. Top., 3,0.33 ; in ISTO, 3,01)9. It forms the .X. W. extremity of the state, and borders on Tenn. and Ala. The surface is mountainous. The eastern part is occupied by the Lookout Mt., the western by the Raccoon Mts. Between the two ranges extends a fertile valley, through which the Alabama & Chattanooga II. K. passes. There are valuable coal mines iiitlieeo. Trenton is the CO. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1S70 : Wheat, '2().()37 l)ush.; rye", 119 bush.; Indian-corn, 0.i,188 bush.; oats, 3,073 bush.; Irish pot's, '2,916 bush.; sweet pot's, '2,375 bush.; butter, 27,703 lbs.; iMx^r, 244 tons. Cash value of farms, $490,307. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc.; ij;");'>,Sfi3. \'alue of manufactures, $55,882. Oade, CO. in Mo., S. W part. Pop., 8,683: in 1800, 7,072. The surface is rolling an(l in some parts broken. Some parts are well timljcred, others consist of prairies. The climate is salubrious and the soil productive, well adapt- ed either to farming or stock raising. Coal, iron, some lead and'copper are found. G reen- tiidd is the co. seat. Agr. productions In 1870: Wheat, 78,016 bush.; rye, 762 bush.; Indian-, corn, 416,307 bush.; oats, 10'.)..V)3 bush.; Irish liot's, 17,898 bush.; sweet pot's. 3,430 bush.; tobacco, '2'2,004 lbs.; butter, 92,(;s,-5 lbs.; hay, '2,'265 tons. C-ash value of farms, §1,933,005. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $014,210. Value of manufactures, $168,362. *Ua(IcYlIle, p. V. in Dade co.. Mo., S mis. N. E. •il' Greenfu'ld, the co. seat. SJajsycr's Spring's, p. o. in Botetourt Co., Va. J>;iSS'ett's Mili.. I'j. of Tioga on the Tioga K. R. I>a<^'.<orougli, tu. in Sussex co., Del. Pop., 2,,)'.li). I>a'j;'mborous;h, p. v. in the al)Ove tn.', 14 mis. S. of Gi'orgetown, the co. seat. na;riiscfionalil;.;rrcii, p. o. in Ilaniillon co.. 111. 3»a5ils'rcu, tn. in Carver co., l\Iinn. Pop., 1,303. I>aUIg'rcii, p. O. in the above tn. J>aItloiicg'a, p. V. and the eo. seat of Lump- kin CO., Ga., near a Ijrancdi of the Chattahoo- chee R., and 14 mis. N. of Gainesville. Its situation, on a high hill near the I51ue Ridge, is very picturesque. In the vicinity are gold nimes, which formerlv were very ])roductive. Pop., 471. One newsiiaper. I>aIiloiieg'a, tn. in Wai)elloco.,lo«a. Pop., 0.-).3. Ualiloiic^a, p. V. in Wapello eo., I mis. X. E. of Ottumwa. Dailcy, p. o. in Cass co., Mich. Dailcy ville, p, o. in Karnes co., Tex. I>aing;erficl ermillion Valles', still further W., is noted for Its groat natural beauty and fertility of soil, and IS being rapidly settled. The Dakota R. Valley IS thus far but little known, but contains extensive tracts of the very best fanning lands. Along the Missouri 11., from the mouth of the Big Sioux to Fort Thompson, extends a broad, fertile plain, well supplied with heavy timber, and accessible to markets. Of the land in farms, 42,645 acres were im- proved, •2-.',(;05 acres woodland, and 237,126 acres unimproved. The number of farms was 1,720 of which 455 included from 3 to 10 acres: 414 from 10 to 20 acres; 642 from 20 to 50 acres; 166 ti-om 50 to 100 acres, and 43 from 100 to 500 acres. Ihe total cash value of farms was $2,085,265, and the estimated value of farm productions $495,- bS/ ; and of all live stock, $779,952. The principal productions were : 170,460 bush, of spring wheat; 13o,140 corn ; 114,327 oats ; 4,118 barley;50,177 pot's 8,810 lbs. ot wool ; 209,735 butter ; 13,347 tons of hay, and 1,230 lbs. of sorghum molasses. Da- kota had 2,514 horses ; 225 mules, and asses ; 4,151 milch cows ; 2,125 working oxen ; 6,191 other cattle; 1,961 sheep, and 2,033 swine. Manufactures.— The total value of manufac- tures was $178,570, and the principal products were lumber, flour and meal. The Northern 1 acifle B. It. will intersect this territory from E. to W. Education.— There were 34 public schools of all classes m Dakota, with 48 teachers and 1,223 pupils. The school income amounted to $8,364, wluch was raised entirely by taxation. Three weekly newspapers were published, with a to- tal circulation of 1,652 copies. Wealth and Taxation.— The total assessed value ot real estate was $1,695,723, and of per- sonal estate, $1,228,766. The estimated value of real and personal estate amounted to $5,599,752. Dakota had no state debt. The couutv debt was but $5,761, and the taxation (not nationan was $13,867. Government.— The Governor and Secretary are appointed by the President. The Auditor, Ireasurer, and Superintendent of Public In- struction are chosen by the qualified electors. Xhe judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court, District Courts, and Probate Courts, ihe Supreme Court is conmosed of one Chief J ustiee and two Associate Justices. The following counties are organized : Bon- homme, Buffalo, Charles Mix, Clay, Deuel, llutchinson, Jayne, Lincoln, Minnehaha, Pem- bina, Shyenne, Todd, Union, Yankton. Ihe capital of the territory is Yankton. Dakota, CO. in Minn., S. E. part. Area, 550 sq. mis Pop. , 16 312 ; in 1860, 9,093. The surface is unclulating, the soil productive. The Missis- sippi Iv. separates the co. from Wis. on the E. and the Mississippi, together with the Minne- sota B., forms the N. boundary. Canon E. forms most of the S. boundary. The Milwau- kee & St. Paul B. B. intersects the W. part from K. to S., and the St. Paul & Sioux City B. B. passes through the N. part. Hastings is , .S-°P,-,^'^"'*- -A-gi-. productions in 1870: Wheat, M-^oSPJi t'ush.; rye, 4,664 bush.; Indian-corn 210,286 bush.; oats, 634,806 bush.; Irish pot's 93,387 bush.; butter, 457,400 lbs.; Iia3-, 22 744 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,226,820. Total estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $2,509,758 Value of manufactures, $641,873. Dakota, co. in Kebr., N. E. part. Pop., 2 040- in 1860, 819. It is bounded on the N. E. and k' by the Missouri B., which separates it from 17 Dak. and Iowa, and receives several small af- vi^f'*';, The surface consists of rolling prai- Ji,i.f '"^ well timbered bottom-lauds along the streams. The bottoms are very produc- tive, while the u,,lands are excellent for gra- zing purposes. Dakota is the co. seat. A«rr pi eductions m 1870 : Wheat, 56,510 bush. ; rye, «;,.- /^"fi-;InfV^"-°orn, 66,255 bush.; oats, 25?- 9 1. "^ -'i^'ll^'l'^rS' 27,450 bush.; sweet pot's, 2 bu,sh.; butter, 69,950 lbs.; hay, 11,635 tons v.ifu7of",1,°S^=''''^^' *'77,285.' Totii, estimated". rtfti?,?,?l'^'l^*r™ productions, including adi Dakota, tn. in Stephenson co.. 111. Pop., 952 Dakota, p. V. in the above tn., on the Western ^^i^io" «• B-, 8mls. N. E. of Freeport. Dakota, tn. in Humboldt co., Iowa. Pop 676 seat of Dak. co., Nebr., 6 mis. S. W. of Sioux tr.^L ^T^ ^•'"V " ^^^^ considerable iS ¥»^ti*' "^'l'^ manufactories. One newspaper. Dakota, tn. in Waushara co.. Wis. Pop 477 Dakota, p. V. in the above tn., 9 mis. si'w of Wautoma. • " • v^i Dakotah, p. v. and the co. seat of Humboldt ?j°'',^°^f ' *^NT ^^f ^'^^^ ^°^'^ of the Des Moines K., 15 mis. N. of Fort Dodge. Pop., 162. One newspaper. i > • ""o Dakota River, a tributary of the Missouri B. in uakota ; rises in the northern part of the f,*rirf.°^'-\v^"* ^9^8 nearly due S., emptying into the Missouri near Y'ankton. ^ J fa Dai by, p. V. in Alamakee co., Iowa, 10 mis s oi Lansing. ' '*,n^?' ^^- "' ^H-\.^- ^- P'*^!"*- ^'•ea about 850 sq. « «H„iYt]^'-' ^^f-? V^'^ ^^^^ 12,197. The surface IS slightly undulating and the soil sandy and but moderately productive. The Pea B. In- tel sects the K. E. corner, while the larger part of tlie co. is drained by the Choctaw- hatchee B. and its branches. Kewton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 60 naf.i .Th-k" ^usli.;Indian.corn 225,364 bush.; S^t?' f<',^-i'^,"®^-' ^^"'^^ pot's, 306 bus\i.; sweet ?i oo^'.f ''"^ '^V®^-' cotton, 4,273 bales; butter, 41,291 lbs. Cash value of tiirms, $437,060. Total estimated value of all farm productions, inl eluding additions to stock, etc., $832,351. Value of manufactures, $177,670. Dale, p. o. in Oneida co., Idaho. Dale, tn. in McLean co.. 111. Pop., 1,188. Dale, p. V. m Spencer co., Ind., 17 mis. S. of Dale, p. o. in Campbell co., Ky. Dale, p. V. in Wyoming co., N. Y., on the Buf- » talo Branch of the Erie B. B., 4?^ mis. N. of • »varsaw. Dale, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Dale, tn. in Chesterfield co., Va. Pop., 1,803. Dale, tn. in Outagamie co., ^^- " -- Dale City, p. y. in Guthrie from Maeksville. Dale €ity, p. v. in Somerset co.. Pa., 112 mis. &. L. ot Pittsburgh, in a rich farming and dairying district. In the vicinity are coal mines. Pop. about 700. Two newspapers. Dale Enterprise, p. o. iu Bockingham co., Daleville, p. o. in Dale co., Ala. /M *V**®' P- ^- ''^ Delaware co., Ind., on the cievelaiul, Columbus & Cincinnati B. B., 1(»< mis. S. W. of Muncie. Pop. about 250. 2^*^yv,!®' P- ^- ^n Lauderdale co., Miss.,7ml8. N. N. W. ol Marion, the oo. seat. ^»*«ville, p.v. in Luzerne co.. Pa., 2% mis. S. o€ Moscmv on the Delaware & Lackawanna B. a. Dalhoir, p. V. in St. Charles co.. Mo., 6 mis. S. W . of O'Fallon on the North Missouri B. B. Dallam's Creek, p. o. in Logan co., Ky. Dallas, CO. in Ala., W. central part. Area aoout 900 sq. mis. Pop., 40,705 ; in 1860, 33,625. Ihe Alabama B. intersects the co. in a very winding course from N. E. to S. W., and di. vides it into two nearly equal parts. It re. o., va >., Wis. Pop., 991. rie CO., Iowa, 8 mis. DALLAS. 258 DALTON. ceives the Cabawba B. and numerous smaller affluents. The sui-fuce is undulating and the soil very productive. Selma is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 1,287 bush.; rye, 55 bush.; Indian-corn, 436,701 bush.; oats, 18,101 bush.; Irish pot's, 5.567 bush.; sweet pot's, 35,908 bush.; cotton, 24,819 bales ; butter, 03,122 lbs.; hay, 366 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,112,373. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., 52,753,591. Value of manufactures, $247,493. Dallas, CO. in Ark., S. central yart. Area about 850 sq. mis. Pop., 5,707 ; in imO, 8,283. It lies between the Saline R. on the K. and the Wa- shita R. on the W., and is drained by the Bayou Tulip and Moro R. The surface is un- dulating or level, and the soil productive. Princeton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 620 bush.; Indian-corn, 124,449 bush.; oats, 355 bush.; Irish pot's, 560 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,575 bush.; tobacco, 390 lbs.; cot- ton, 2,555 bales. Cash value of farms, $358,559.( Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $482,- 556. Value of manufactures, $29,837. Dallas, CO. in Iowa, central ptivt. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., 12,019; in 1860,5,214. It is watered by the Racoon R. and its tributaries. The surface is rolling and the soil pi-oductive. Adel is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 240,004 bush.; rye, 117 bush.; Indian- corn, 939,609 bush.; oats, 91,884 bush.; Irish pot's, 38,012 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,510 bush.; wool, 32,196 lbs.; butter, 201,368 lbs.; hay, 16,724 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,579,844. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $053,829. Value of manufactures, $145,095. Dallas, CO. in Mo., S. W. central part. Pop., 8,383 ; In 1860, 5,892. The surface is broken and rocky slopes are not rare ; but the river val- leys have a very productive soil. The co. is intersected from S. to N. by the Niangua R. and drained by its numerous affluents, liryols Spring, in the eastern part, discharges nearly 11,000,600 cubic feet of water per day. Leud ore is found. IJulfalo is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 57,659 bush.; rye, 544 bush.; Indian-corn, 290,388 bush.; oats, 79,698 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,810 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,947 bush.; tobacco, 14,990 lbs.; butter, 06,894 lbs.; hay, 1,628 tons. Cash value of farms, $775,056. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $400,849. Value of manufactures, $109,- 69!». Dallas, CO. in Tex., N. part. Area about 590 sq. mis. Pop., 13,314; in 1860, 8,6()5. The sur- face is generally level, the soil fertile. It is intersected by Trinity R. from N. W. to S. E., and also drained by Rowlet's Cr. Dallas is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 60,762 bush.; rye, 511 bush.; Indian-corn, 557,508 bush.; oats, 104,892 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,812 bush.; sweet pot's, 25,541 bush.; cotton, 3,834 bales; butter, 86,795 lbs.; hav, 593 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,578,915. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $783,166. Value of manu- factures, $279,983. Dallas, tn. in Calhoun eo., Ark. Pop., 383. Dallas, p. V. and the co. seat of Polk co., Ark., on the Washita R., and 80 mis. W. of Little Rock. Pop. about 120. Dallas, p. V. and tlie co. seat of Paulding co., Ga., 19 nils. W. of Marietta. Dallas, tn. in Huntington co., Ind. Pop., 1.4K5. Dallas, tn. in Dallas eo., Iowa. Pop., ,338. Dallas, tn. in Marion co., Iowa. Pop., 1,066. Dallas, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. S. W. of Knoxville. Dallas, tn. in Taylor CO., Iowa. Pop., 604. Dallas, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ky. ]»nllas, tn. in Clinton co., Mich. Pop., 1,360. Dallas, V. in the above tn., on the Detroit S Milwaukee R. R., 8 mis. W. of St. Johns. Dallas, tn. in De Kalb co.. Mo. Pop., 807. Dallas, tn. in Harrison co., Mo. Pop., 551. Dallas, tn. in Holt co., Mo. Pop., 1,285. Dallas, tn. in Webster co., Mo. Pop., 1,255. ^Dallas, p. V. and the co., seat of Gaston co., N. C. 8 mis. W. S. W. of Brevard. Pop., 299. Dallas, p. V. in Highland co., Ohio, 5)^ mis. E. of llillsboro. Dallas, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 370. Dallas, V. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 221. Dallas, tn. in Polk co., Oregon. Pop., 795. ♦Dallas, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 15 mis. W. of Salem. A steamer connects it with Portland. It has several manufactories and one newspaper. Dallas, tu. in Luzerne co., Pa. Pop., 985. Dallas, p. V. in the above tn., 8% mis. N. W. ol Wilkesbarre. ^Dallas, p. V. and the eo. seat of Dallas co., Texas, on the Trinity R. and the Houston & Texas Central R. R , 261 mis. from Houston and 215 mis. from Austin. It is surrounded by a wheat-growing district and has much local trade. Three newspapers. Dallas, p. V. in Marshall co., W. Va., 9 mis. from Elm Grove. Dallas, V. in Iowa co.. Wis., on the Pecatonica R. near Mineral Point. Dallasbnrgrli, v. in Warren co., Ohio, near the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 4 mis. E. of Loveland. Dallas Centre, p. v. in Dallas co., Iowa, on the Des Moines Valley R. R., 22 mis. from Des Moines. Pop., about 200. *Dallas City, p. v. in Hancock co., 111., on the Mississippi R., 15 mis. below Burlington, Iowa. One newspaper. Dallas Plantation, tn. in Franklin co., Me. Pop., 159. Dallastown, p. v. in York co., Pa., 7 mis. S. E. of York. Dallies, v. in Surry co. Va., 16 mis. from Wake- lield. Dalmanntlia, p. v. in Guthrie co., Iowa, 4 mis N. of Guthrie on the Mississippi & Mis- souri R. R. Dalniatia, p. v. in Northumberland co., Pa., on the Susquehanna R. and the Northern Central R. R., 10!4 mis. N. of Millersburgh. Dalson, p. o. in Clark co.. 111. Dalton, p. o. in Randolph co., Ark. *Dalton, p. V. and the co. seat of Whitfield co., Ga., at the intersection of the Western & Atlantic R. R., the Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R., and the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., 38 mis. S. of Chattanooga and 99 nils. N. of Atlanta. It is surrounded by mountains. Pop., 1,809. The surrounding district produces tobacco, corn and wheat. One newspaper. Dalton, tn. in Wajnie CO., Ind. Pop., 766. Dalton, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. of Ilagerstown. Pop., 73. Dalton, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop., 445. Dalton, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 1,252. Dalton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 5]i nils. E. of Pittstield ; has manufactories of cutlery, paper, woollen goods and machinery. Dalton, tn. in Muskegon co., Mich. Pep., 401 Dalton, p. o. in the above tn. Dalton, p. o. in Chariton eo., Mo. Dalton, tn. in Coos co., N. 11. Pop., 773. Dalton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Connec- ticut R. and the Boston, Concord & Montreal R. R., 35 mis. from Wells River. Dalton, p. V. in Bladen co., N. C, on the West- ern Division of the Wilmington, Charlotte & Rutherford R. R. *Dalton, p. V. in Wayne co., Ohio, 414 mis. S. E. of Orrville. In the neighborhood are exten- sive coal beds. Dalton, p. V. in Luzerne co., Pa., on the Dela- DALTON CITY. 259 DANVILLE. ■ware, Lacka-wanna & Western R. R., 12 mis. from Scranton. Pop. about 300. Daltoii City, p. o. in Moultrie eo , 111. Daltoii's Corners, p. o. in AVayne co., Mich. Oalzell, p. o. in Washington co., Ohio. J)aniariscotta, tn. in Lincoln co., Me. Pop., l:l-j-2. Bainariscotta Mills, p. v. in the above tn., on the Daraariscotta U. and the Knox & Lin- coln R. R. Some ship-buildhig is carried on liei'e. DnniascoTille, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, near the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 5 mis. W. of Salem. Pop., 203. Damascus, p. o. in Early co., Ga. Damascus, p. o. in Stephenson co.. 111. Damascus, p. v. in Montgomery co., Jld., 8 mis. S. of Mt. Airy on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Damascus, p. o. in Scott co., IMiss. Damascus, tn. in Henry co., Ohio. Pop., 1,179. Damascus, p. o. in Clackamas eo., Oreg. Damascus, tn. in Wayne co.. Pa. Pop., 2,823. Damascus, p. v. in the above tn., near the JJclaware R., opposite Cochecton, X. Y. Damascus, p. v. in Spartanburgli district, S. C, 7o mis. N. W. of Columbia. Dames' Quarter, p. o. in Somerset co., Md. Damiansville, p. o. in Clinton co.. 111. Daiuson's l»rairie, p. o. in Kaufman co., Tex. Dan, p. o. in Taylor co., Iowa. Dana, p. o. in La Salle co.. III. Dana, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 758. Dana, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of Barre. Danboroug'h, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 3 mis. N. of Dovlestown. Danbiirgh, p. v. in Wilkes CO., Ga., 13 mis. i. from AA'ashington. Danbnry, tn. in Fairfield co.. Conn. Pop., 8,753. *Danbury, p. v. and the co. seat of Fairfleld CO., Conn., 24 mis. by R. R., N. of Norwalk, and on the Still R. It is famous for its extensive hat factories. The Boston, Hartford &Krie R. R., passes through this place. One newspaper. Danbnry, tn. in Grafton eo., N. H. Po})., 7i)i). Danbnry, p. v. in the aliove tn., on the North- ern New Hampshire R. R., 9 mis. N. W. of Anc lover. Danbnry, p. v. and the co. seat of Stokes co., N. C, 48 mis. W. of Reidsviile. One news- paiicr. Danbnry, tn. in Ottawa co., Ohio. Pop., 1,252. Danby, p. v. in Du Pageco., 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 2'^ ml.s. E. of Whcaton and 19 mis. from Chicago." Pop. about 250. Danby, tn. in Ionia co., Mieli. Pop., 1,175. Danby, p. v. in the above tn., on the Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R., 16 inls. from Ionia. Danby, tn. in Tompkins co., N. Y. Pop., 2,126. Danby, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ithaca ifc Athens R. R., 6 mis. S. of Ithaca. Danby, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 1,319. Danby, p. v. in the above tn., on the BeuJiing- ton & Rutland R. R., 18 mis. S. of Rutland. Ont^ newspaper. Danby Four Corners, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt.. 4 mis. W. of Danbv. Dancy ville, p. v. in Haywood eo., Tenn., S mis. from Stanton Depot, and 190 mis. W. S. W. of Nashville. *Dann Petit Jean Cr., and 28 mis. from Petit Jean. Danville, p. v. in Contra Costa CO., Cal., 10 mis. N. E. of San Leandro. Danville, tn. in Vermillion co.. 111. Pop., 2,434. ^Danville, city and eo. seat of Vermillion co., 111., on the Vermillion R., at the intersection of the Indiana, Bloomington &, Western R. R. with the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 250 mis. S. W. of Toledo, 22(i mis. E. of Quiney and 85 mis. W. N. W. of Indianapolis. Coal and timber are abundant in the vicinity, and the DANVILLE. 260 DARLINGTON. river furnishes excellent watei'-power. Pop., 4,751 ; in ISHO, 1,032. Four newspapers. •Danville, p. v. and the co. seat of Henrlricks CO., Ind., on the Indiana Central R. R., LS% mis. W. of Indianapolis. Pop., 1,040. It is the seat of an excellent seminary. One news- paper. Danville, tn. in Des Moines CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,(304. Danville, p. v. in the ahove tn., on the Bur- ;ington & Missouri River R. R., 13 mis. W. 2Sr. W. of Burlington. ♦Danville, p. v. and the co. seat of Boyle co., Ky., .5 nils. N. of Danville Station; is situated in the so-called Blue Grass Region, famous for the fertility of the soil. It is the seat of Cen- ter College "and the State Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb. There are several mills and fac- tories m this place. Pop., 2,542. Two news- papers. Danville, p. v. in Androscoggin co., Me., at the junction of the Grand Trunk R. R. and the Maine Central R. R., 28 mis. X. of Portland. Danville, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 557. Danville, p. o. in Alcorn co.. Miss. Danville, tn. in Montgomery co.. Mo. Pop., 2,2.34. Danville, p. v. in the ahove tn. and the co. seat. ^ mis. from Florence. One newspaper. Danville, p. o. in Saline co., Nebr. Danville, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 548. Danville, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of East Kingston on the Boston & Maine R. R. Danville, p. v. in Warren co.. N. J., 5^ mis. N. W. of Ilackettstown on the Morris & Es- sex R. R. Danville, p. v. in Knox co., Ohio, lOJ^ mis. N. PI of Jtft. Vernon. Pop., 134. Danville, v. in Highland co., Ohio, 7 mis. S. W. of Hillsborough. Danville, v. in Madison co., Ohio, 3 mis. S. of London. *DanviIle, p. v. and co. seat of Montovir oo.. Pa., on the East Branch of the Susquehanna K., and at the intersection of the Lackawanna & Bloomwburg R. R. with the Catawissa R. R., W/i nils. W. of Bloomsburg and 6!) mis. N. of Harrisburg. It has extensive iron works and other manufacturing establishments. Pop., 8,436. Three newspapers. Danville, p. v. in Benton oo., Tenn., on the Tennessee R., and near Tennessee River Sta- tion on the Memphis & Louisville R. R. Danville, v. in Montgomery co.,- Tex., near Danville Switch on the Houston A Grand Northern R. R., 54 nils. N. of Houston. Danville, tn. in Caledonia co., Vt. Pop., 2,21ii. Danville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Port- land & Ogdensburg R. R., 20 mis. from Con- cord ; has manufactories and one newspaper. *Danville, p. v.in Pittsylvania co., Va., on Dan R. and the Richmond & Danville R. R., 141 mis. S. W. of Richmond. The water-power of the river is employed in manufactories. The neighborliood is largelv engaged in to- bacco raising. Pop., 3,463. I'wo newspapers. Danville, p. v. in Dodge co.. Wis., near the Milwaftkee & St. Paul R. R., 4 mis. E. of Co- lumbus. Danway, p. o. in La Salle co.. 111. Dan Webster, v. in Henry CO., Ind., 3 mis, fi-oni New Castle. Darby, tn. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 938. DarbV, tn. in Pickaway CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,518. Darby, tn. in Union Co., Ohio. Pop., 1,143. Darby, tn. in Delaware co.. Pa. Pop., 9D.% Darby, p. v. in the above tn., on the West Chester & Philadelphia R. R., S\4 mis. W. of Philadelphia. Darby Creek, v. in Madison co., Ohio, on the Pil.tsl>urgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis B. R., 17>^ nils. N. W. of Columbus. Darby ville, p. o. in Baker CO., Fla. Darbyville, p. v. in Pickaway co., Ohio, 12 nils. N. W. of Circleville. Pop., 233. Dardanelle, tn. in Yell co.. Ark. Pop., 1,838. *Dar,42.5. Darke, p. o. in Darke co., Ohio. Darkesville, p. v. in Berkeley CO., W. Va., 8 nils, from Jlartinsburgh. Darkej' S]>rin$;-s, p. o. in White CO., Tenn. I>arlinjsr, ]). o. in Beaver Head co., Mont. Darksville, p. v. in Randolph co.. Mo., 'J v^i, from Clifton. Darlington, district in S. C, E. part. Air» 520 sq. mis. Pop., 2(5 243; in 1860, 20,361. The surface is undulating, the soil generally fer- tile. Great Pedee R. bounds the co. on the E, and Lvneh's Cr. on the S. W. The WilmiHg- ton & 'Manchester R. R. intersects the S. E. part. Darlington Court House is the co. seat, Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 15,308 bush.; rye, 4i} bush.; Indian corn, 484,076 bush.; oats, 28,392 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,954 bush.; sweet pot's, 170,070 bush.; cotton, 341,,'591 bales , butter, 2>^,400 lbs.; rice, 44,154 lbs. Cash value of faring ii>l,918,489. Total, estimated, value of all farm DARLINGTON. 261 DAVIDSON. productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,783,257. Value of manufactures, $121,- 29S. Darlington, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ind., 10 mis. N. K. ol CrawfordsviUe by E. R. Dai'llug'toii, p. V. in St. Helena parish, La., 13 mlti. from Green.sburgli. Darliiigpton, p. v. in Harford co., Md., near the Susquehanna E. and 10% mis. N. W. of Havre de Grace. Darliiig'tou, p. v. in Richland co., Ohio, 5^ mis. W. of IJellville. Bariiiig'ton, tn. in Beaver co.. Pa. Pop., 1,811. Darling'tou, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. S. W. of New Galilee on the Pittsburgh, JFort Wayne & Chicago E. E. Darlington, tn. in La Fayette co., "Wis. Pop., 2,773. ^Darlington, p. v. and the co. seat of La Fay- ette co., Wis., on the Mineral Point E. E., 17 mis. N. of Wai'ren, 111. It lies on the Pecato- nica E. ana has several factories and mills. Grain, pork and cattle are shipped here. Pop. about 1,500. Two newspapers. *Darllngton €ourt Honsc, p. v. and the co. seat of l^arlington district, S. C, on the Che- raw & Darlington E. R., 10 mis. N. W. of Flo- rence. One newspapei'. Darlington Heigbts, p. o. in Prince Edward CO., \'a. Darmstadt, v. in St. Clair co.. 111., 15 mis. from Belleville. Darnestown, p. v. in Montgomery co., Md., 9)4 mis. W. of Rockville. Darnstadt, p. v. in St. Clair co. 111., 8% mis. E. of New Athens. Darrel, p. o. in Smith co., Kans. Darrtown, p. v. in Butler CO., Ohio, 8 mis. N. VV. of Hamilton. Pop., 258. Dartford, p. v. and the co seat of Green Lake CO., Wis., on Green Lake, 6 mis. W. of Ripon and 10 nals. E. of Princeton. Dartmoutb, tn. in Bristol co., Mass. Pop., 3,»)7. Dartmontli, p. v. in the above tn., on Buz- zard's B., 4 mis. S. of New Bedford. The whale tisliery is the principal business. Dartmoutb, p. o. in Warren co., N. Y. Darvill's,tn. in Dinwiddle CO., Va. Pop., 3,082. Darvill's, p. o. in the above tn. Darwin, tn. in Clark co., 111. Pop., 1,012. Darwin, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. S. W. of Marshall. Darwin, p. o. in Carroll CO., Ind. Darwin, p. v. in Meeker co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Pacific R R., 72 mis. from St. Paul. Pop., 75. Darysaw, p. o. in Grant co.. Ark. Dassel, p. v. in Meeker co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R., 15 mis. W. of Darwin. Date Creek, p. o. in Yavapai co.. Ariz. Daupbin, co. in Pa., central pai'i. Area 530 sq. inls. Pop., 60,740 ; in 18(50, 4(5,750. It is bounded on the S. and S. W. by the Susquehanna R. and on the N. by Mahantongo Cr. The drain- age is eflected by small tributaries of the Sus- quehanna, which traverse the co. from E. N. E. to W. S. W., flowing through fertile valleys. They are Wiconisco Cr., Powell's Cr., Clark Cr. andPaxton Cr. The surface is greatly diver- sified by ranges of hills and mountains trend- ing in the same direction as the streams. The liittatinny, or Blue, Mts. pass through the cen- tral part of the co. South Mt. is near the south- ern boundary. Mining, manufacturingand ag- riculture are the occupations of the inhabi- tants. The CO. is intersected by the Pennsyl- vania Central R. R., and three other lines, fol- io wing the vallej's of the creeks. Harrisburg is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 422,637 bush.; rye, 5(5,527 bush.; oats, 727,- 535 bush.; Indian-corn, 714,880 bush.; Irish pot's, 210,059 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,389 bush.; butter. 70(5,126 lbs.; hay, 45,672 tons. Cash value of farms, $19,053,433. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,034,199. Value of products of mdustry : Cars, $1,120,227 ; cotton goods, $326,600 ; flour and meat, $879,844 ; forged and rolled iron, $2,791,554 ; pig iron, $980,767 ; iron castings, $136,260 ; machinery, $861,951 ; besse- mer steel, $1,405,000, and macuinery, $155,300. Value of manufactures, $13,514,156. Dauphin, p. v. in Dauphin co., Pa., on the Susqvxehanna R. and the intersection of the Northern Central R. R. with the Schuylkill & Susquehanna R. R. Danpbiue, p. v. in Osage co., Mo., on the Pa- cific R. R. of Mo. Davenport, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 23,452. ♦Davenport, city and the co. seat of Scott co., Iowa, on the Mississippi R., opposite Eock Island, 330 mis. above St. Louis, and on the Chicago, Eock Island & Pacific E. E., 183 mis. W. of Chicago and 174 mis. E. of Des Moines. A fine railroad bridge connects it with Eock Island. It is the great depot for grain of the upper Mississippi basin, and has large com- mercial and manufacturing establishments. Among the latter are manufactories of agri- cultural implements, furniture,woollen goods, machinery, etc. Coal is abundant and cheap; and it is intended to utilize the extensive water-power of the river. Griswold College and a Catholic College are located here. The opera house of Davenport is one of the finest of the country. Pop., 20,038 ; m 1860, 11,267. Four newspapers. Davenport, p. v. in Dade CO., Mo., 14 mis. from Greenfield. Davenport, tn. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop., 2,187. Davenport, p. v. in the above tn., on the Sus- quehanna R., 101^ mis. E. of Emmons Station on the Albany & Susquehanna E. E. Davenport Centre, p. v. in Delaware co., N. Y., on the Susquehanna E., 6 mis. E. of Em- mons Station. Davidsburgb, p. v. in Y^ork co., Pa.,9 mis. W. of York. Davidson, co. in N. C, W. central part. Area, 625 sq. mis. Pop., 17,414; in 1860, 16,601. The surface is diversified, the soil generally fertile. The Y'adkm E. forms the entire S. and S. W. boundary. Abbott's Cr. flows through the central part, emptying into the Yadkin. The North Carolina R. R. intersects the cen- tral part from N. E. to S. W. Lexington is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 152,726 bush.; rye, 3,139 bush.; Indian- corn, 287,355 bush.; oats, 120,459 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,326 bush.: sweet pot's, 16,300 bush. ; tobacco, 38,937 lbs.- butter, 96,149 lbs.; hay, 6,904 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,395,298. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including ailditions to stock, etc., $1,- 126,404. Value of manufactures, $993,226. Davidson, tn. in Sullivan co. Pa. Pop., 634. Davidson, p. o. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. of Laporte. Davidson, co. in Tenn., N. W. central part. Area, 750 sq. mis. Pop., 62,897; in 1860, 47,055. The surface is pleasantly diversified, the soil fer- tile. Fine limestone abounds in the CO. It is intersocted from E. to W. by the Cumberland R., and also drained by the Harpeth R. The Louisville & Nashville R. R. intersects the E. part from the N. to S. The Nashville & Chat- anooga R. R. runs through the S. E. part, and the Nashville & Kentucky R. R. through the N. E. part. NashviUe, the capital of the state, is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 87,166 bush.; rye, 10,442 bush.; Indian- corn, 832,982 bush., oats, 131,550 bush.; Irish pot's, 60,243 bush.; sweet pot's, 62,834 bush.; cotton, 1,416 bales ; hay, 0,883 tons ; tobacco, 21,490 lbs.; butter, 192,566 lbs. Cash value of farms, $12,186,.3(55. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to DAVIDSON'S FEERY. 262 DAVISVILLE. stock, etc., $1,967,907. Value of manufactures, $5,331,293. Davidson College, p. v. in Mecklenburgli CO., N. C, on the Atlantic, Tennessee & Ohio R. Rs., 20 mis. from Charlotte. It has some manufactories, and is surrountled by a good farming district. One newspaper. Davidson Mount, a short range in the S. part of Washoe co., Nev. It contains the Comstock Lode or Vein, famous for iis vast amount of silver ores. Davidson's Ferry, p. o. in Fayette co.. Pa. Davidson's River, p. o. in Tranusylvania CO.. N. C. Davidson ville, p.v. In Anne Arundel co., Md., 13 mis. S. of Millersville on the Annapolis R. R. Davidsville, p. v. in Somerset co., Pa., 21 nils. N. X. E. of Somerset. Davie, co. in K. C, central part. Area about 300 sq. mis: Pop., 9,620 ; in 1860, 8,494. The sur- face is elevated, the soil fertile. It is bounded on the E. by the Yadkin R. and on the S. by the South Yadkin R. Mocksville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 47,866 bush.; rye, 3,910 bush.; Indian-corn, 186,821 bush.; oats, 59,721 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,323 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,183 bush.; tobacco, 247,5.'j5 lbs.; butter, 10,.529 lbs.; hay, 791 tons. Cash value of farms, $620,542. Total estimated value of all farm protluctions, including additions to stock, etc., $103,674. Value of manufactures, $171,949. Daviess, co. in Ind., S. W. part. Area, 432 sq. mis. Pop., 16,742; in IStJO, 13,32.3. The West Branch of the White R. forms the north-wes- tern and western boundary, the East Fork the southern. The K. E. part of the co. is rolling and heavily timbered, the remainder is mostly level. The soil is productive. The Ohio & Mis- sissippi R. R. passes through the co. Washing- ton IS the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 251,923 bush.; rye, 3,916 bush.; Indian- corn, 702,642 bush.; oats, 98,530 bush.; Irish pot's, 39,895 bush.; sweet i)Ot's, 3,270 bush.; but- ter, 208, 468 lbs.; hay, 9,(i48 tons. Cash value of farms, $.'5,849,692. Total, estimated, value of all farm ijroductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,427,251. Value of manufactures, $586,382. Daviess, co. in Ky., N. W. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 20.714; in 1860,1.5,049. The surface is level, the soil fertile. Extensive coal beds ai'e found. It is bounded on the N. by the Ohio R., on the W. by Green R. It is also drained by Panther Cr. Oweusborough is the CO. seat. "Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 68,681 bush.; rye, 4,982 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,085,492 bush.; oats, 6.5,394 bush.; Irish pot's, 29,764 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,859 bush,; tobacco, 6,273,067 lbs.; butter, 173,244 lbs.; hay, 4,227 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,816,889. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,631,639. Value of manufactures, $796,768. Daviess, co. in Mo., N. W. part. Pop., 14,410 ; in 1860, 9,606. It is intersected by Grand R. and its affluents. The surface is gently un- dulating and equally divided between rich Srairies and timber lands*. A branch of the t. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R., and the Southwestern Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacitic R. R. intersect the co. Gallatin is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 85,362 bush.; rye, 6,268 bush.; In- dian-corn, 624,012 bush.; oats, 244,963 bush.; Irish pot's, 47,620 bush.; sweet pot's, 481 bush.; tobacco, 15,077 lbs.; butter, 211,787 lbs.; hay, 7,613 tons. Cash value of farms, $.3,543,211. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,1)72,320. Value of manufactures, $124,917. Davilla, p. v. in 3Iilan co., Tex. Davis, tn. in Grant co.. Ark. Pop., 578. Davis, tn. in Van Buren co.. Ark. Pop., 488. *Davis, p. V. in Stephenson co., lU., on the Western Union R. R., 14 mis. N. E. of Free- port; is surrounded by a rich agricultural district, and has one newspaper. Davis, tn. in Fountain co., Ind. Pop., 663. Davis, tn. in Stark co., Ind. Pop., 244. Davis, CO. in Iowa, S. E. part. Area, 505 sq. mis. Pop., 15,.565 ; in 1860, 13,764. It is drained by Fox R. and other creeks, small tributaries of the Des Moines and Fabius Rs. The surface is rolling and the soil rich. The Mississippi Northern R. R. passes through theco. from N. to S. Bloomfleld is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 1.55,817 bush.; rye, 11,187 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,142,625 bush.; oats, 296,013 bush.; Irish pot's, 5.5,135 bush.; sweet pot's, 439 bush.; wool, 111,137 lbs.; butter, 346,- 277 lbs.; hay, 18,835. Cash value of farms, $5,690,432. Total, estimated, value of all farm, productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,622,328. Value of manufactures, $322,529. Davis, CO. in Kans., central part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 5,.526 ; in 1860, 1,163. The surface is even ; the soil good and under cultivation. Republican R., which flows into the Kansas R., forms part of the N. boundary. It is drained also by small tributaries of "the Kan- sas R. The Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R. intersects the central part from N. to S. Junc- tion Citv is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 46,550 bush.; rye, 3,061 bush.; In- dian-corn, 160,125 bush.; oats, 21,130 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,285 bush.; sweet pot's, 325 bush.; but- ter, 58,525 lbs.; hay, 11,431 tons. Cash value of farms, $760,.530. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $553,860. Value of manufactures, $134,702. Davis, tn. in Davis co., Kans. Pop., 2,748. Davis, p. o. in Dunn co., Minn. Davis, tn. in Caldwell co.. Mo. Pop., 573. Davis, tn. in La Fayette co.. Mo. Pop., 1,723. Davis, CO. in Tex., E. part. Pop., 8,875. (See Cass CO., which was formerly its name.) Valua of manufactures, $64,100. Davis, CO. in Utah, N. part. Pop., 4,459 ; in 1860, 2,904. It borders in the W. on the Great Salt Lake, and is partly occupied by the spurs of the AVasatch Mts. Agriculture is carried on by means of irrigation. The railroad from Ogden to Salt Lake City passes through the CO. from N. to S., near tlie shore of Great Salt Lake. Farmington is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 35.146 bush.; rye, 310 bush.; Indian-corn, 5,920 bush.; oats, 3,370 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,789 bush.; butter, 4,010 lbs.; hay, 737 tons. Cash value of farms, $220,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, inelinliug additions to stock, etc., $99,455. Value of manufactures, .$37,915. Davis, tn. in Shenandoah co., Va. Pop., 2,293. Davisborougli, p. v. in Washington co., Ga., on the Georgia Central R. R. Davlsburgli, p. v. in Oakland co., Mich., oa the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., 15 mis. N. W. of Pontiac. Davis €ity, p. o. in Decatur eo., Iowa. Davis Corners, p. o. in Adams eo.. Wis. Davis Cross Roads, p. o. in Cherokee co., Ala. Davis tirove, p. o. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Davis mills, p. v. in Benton co.. Miss., on the Mississipin Central R.U., 52 mis. from Jackson, Davis Mills, p. o. in Bedford co., Va. Davison, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,124. Davison, p. v. in the above tn., near the Port Huron & Lake Michigan R. R. Davison, p. o in Tallapoosa eo., Ala. ]>avison Station, p. o. in Genesee co., Mich. Davisonvillc, v. in Jasper co., Ind., 7 mis. from Francisville. Davistown, p. v. in Greene co., Pa., 15 mis. S. of Rice's Landing on the Monongahela R. Davisville, p. v. in Volo co., Cal., on Pittah Cr. and on the California Pacific R. R., 13 mis. W. of Sacramento city. The railroad to Marysville branches off from this point. DAVISVILLE. 263 DAYTON. Davisville, p. v. in Sanilac co., Mich., on tlie Black 11.. 5 mis. W. of Lexington. Davisville, p. o. in Jasper co., Miss. Davisville, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 13 mis. S. S. E. of Doylestown. Davisville, p. v. in Washington co., K. 1., on Hunt's R. and near the Stbningtou & Provi- dence K. II., 4 mis. S. of East Greenwich. Davisville, p. o. of the v. of Claysville, in Wood CO., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. and the Little Kanawha R., 7 mis. S. of Parkcrsburg. Pop., 123. Dawkin's Mills, p. o. in Jackson co., Ohio. Itawn, p. V. in Livingston co., Mo., 4 mis. from Utica. Dawn, p. V. in Darke CO., Ohio, on the Colum- hus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., •2i% m.ls. "W . of Sidney. Dawson, co. in Ga. N. part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop. 4,369 ; in 18G0, 3,856. The co. is bounded on the E. by the Chattahoochee R., and intersected by the Etowah R. The north- ern part is occupied by hi^h mountains ; the southern is rolling; the soil of the river val- leys is very fertile. Dawsonville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2-2,313 bush.; rye, 1,119 bush.; Indian-corn, 102,066 bush.; oats, 4,824 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,441 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,705 bush.; cotton, 19,690 bales, butter, 27,715 lbs. Cash value of farms, $348,012. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $206,- 876. V'aluo of manufactures, $14,270. ^Dawson, p. V. and the co. seat of Terrell co., Ga., on the Southwestern R. R., 15 mis. S. W. of Smith ville. Pop., 1,099. It is the trade center for a rich cotton and sugar region. One newspaper. Dawson, p. V. in Sangamon co.. 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R.,I4 mis. E. of Springtield. Dawson, p. o. in Hopkins co., Ky. Dawson, co. in Mont., occupying the N. E. part of the territory. Area, 12,600 sq. mis. Pop., 177. This large and thinly settled co. has an undulating surface, and is diversified by detached mountains and hills, especially in the southern part. The Missouri R. intersects it from W. to E., and receives the Milk R. from the N. and the Yellowstone from the S. The latter joins the Missouri near the Dakota boundary. The climate is arid, and agricul- ture cannot be successfully carried on with- out irrigation. V^alue of airfarm iDroductions, including additions to stock, etc., $12,600. Value of manufactures. $1,000. Dawson, co.in Nebr., S. central part. Pop., 103 ; in 1860. 16. It is intersected by the Platte R., and the Union Pacific R. R., which follows the valley of this stream. The surface con- sists mainly of rolling prairies, atfording ex- cellent inducements to the stock raiser. Plum Creek is the co. seat. Dawson's Cross Roads, p. o. in Halifax co., N. C. Dawson's 9Iill, p. v. in Richardson co., Nebr., near Great Nemaha R., and on the Atchison & Nebraska R. R., 13 mis. W. of Falls City. Dawson's Station, p. v. in Eaj'ette co.. Pa., on the Youghiogheny R. and on the Pitts- burgh & Connellsville R. R., 20 mis. N. of Uniontown. Dawsonville, p. v. and the co. seat of Daw- son CO., Ga., 40 mis. N. E. of Marietta. Dawsonville, p. v. in Montgomery co., Md., 133^ mis. W. of Rockville. Dawsonville, p. o. in Greene co., Va. Day, tu. in Montcalm co., Blicli. Pop., 510. Day, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,127. Day, p. V. in the above tn., outheSacondagaR., U)]4 mis. W. of lladley. Day" Book, p. o. in Yancey co., N. C. Day's Mills, p. o. in Bibb co., Ala. Day's Mills, p. o. in Randolph Co., W. Va. Daysville, v. in Windham co,, Conn., on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R. The p. o. I3 Killinglv. Daysville, p. v. in Ogle co., 111., on Rock R., 3 mis. S. of Oregon, the co. seat. Daysville, p. o. in Todd co., Ky. Daysville, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. Daysville, p. o. in Loudon co., Va. Dayton, p. v. in Marengo co., Ala., 10 mis. S. W. of Uniontown. Pop., 426. Dayton, p. o. in Lassen co., Cal. Dayton, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 653. Dayton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ulinoia R. and by R. R. 3 mis. N. E. of Ottawa. Dayton, v. in Adams co., 111., 8)^ mis. S. of Camp Point. Dayton, p. v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., 8 mis. 8. E. of La Fayette. Pop., 385. Dayton, tn. in Adair co., Iowa. Pop., 139. Dayton, tn. m Bremer co., Iowa. Poii., 419. Dayton, p. o. in the above tn. Dayton, tn. in Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 3S3. Dayton, tn. in Cedar CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,546. Dayton, tn. in Chickasaw CO., Iowa. Pop., 543. Dayton, tn. in Iowa co., Iowa. Pop., 939. Dayton, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 975. Dayton, v. in the above tn., 20 mis. S. S. E. of Fort Dodge. Dayton, p. o. in Bourbon CO., Kans. Dayton, p. o. in Campbell co., Ky. Dayton, tn. in Y^ork co., Me. Pop., 611. Dayton, v. in the above tn., on the Saco R., 6 mis. N. W. of Biddcford. Dayton, p. o. in Howai'd co., Md. Dayton, p. v. in Berrien co., Mich., on the Michigan Central R. R., 11 mis. W. of Niles. Dayton, tn. in Newaygo co., Mich. Pop., 771. Dayton, tn. in Tuscola CO., Mich. Pop., 660. Dayton, tn. in Hennepin co., Minn. Pop., 951. Dayton, p. v. in the above tn., at the junction of the Crow and Mississippi Rs., 27 mis. above Minneapolis. Dayton, p. v. in Cass co.. Mo., 18 mis. from Holden. Dayton, p. v. and the co. seat of Lyon co., Nev., on Carson R., 36 mis. S. E. of Truckee, Cal., and 15 mis. N. E. of Carson City. Pop., 918. Dayton, p. v. in Middlesex co., N. J., near the Freehold & Jamesburgh R. R., 5 mis. W. of Jamesburgh. Dayton, tn. in Cattaraugus CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,267. Dayton, p. v. in the above tn. on the Erie K. R., 161^ mis. N. W. of Little Valley. Dayton, p. o. in AVake co., N. C. *Dayton, city and the co. seat of Montgomery CO., Ohio, at "the junction of the Great Miami and Mad Rs. ; on the Miami Canal, and on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis B. R., and the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R.; is the northern terminus of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. B.; the southern terminus of the Dayton & Mich- igan R. R., and of the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R.; the south-western terminus of the Atlantic & Great Western B. R.; and the south-eastern terminus of the Dayton & Union R. R. Dayton is 60 mis. from Cincinnati and 188 mis. from Cleveland. The immense water-power furnished by Mad R. is improved and fully utilized in numerous manufacturing establishments, pro- ducing agricultural implements, carriages, freight and passenger cars, clothing, cotton goods, flour and meal, furniture, iron castings and hollow ware, distilled and malt liquors, engines and boilers, paper, etc. Dayton has an extensive inland commerce, and is one of the most prosperous cities of the west. In 1850 the population was 10,977 ; in 1860, 20,081 ; and in 1870, 30,473, of whom 23,050 were natiyes of the United States and 7,423 foreigners. The white population numbered 29,925 and the colored only 548. Dayton is a handsome city and has numer- DAYTON. 264 DECATUR. ous elegant public buildings and private resi- dences. The Court House is one of the finest In tlie state, being a successful copy of the Parthenon. The Central National Soldiers' Home, four miles from the city, consists of several large buildings, giving room to the finest hospital in the country, a librarj-, head- quarters, reading hall, music hall, etc., stand- ing on a plot of ground of 640 acres, hand- somely laid out with avenues, artificial lakes, flower beds and groups of trees and shrub- bery. The schools of Dayton are noted for their superior appointments. Besides the public schools, there is the Cooper Female Academy, a well-managed institution, and others of a high grade. Many of the church edifices are models of architectural beauty and elegance of design. Sixteen papers are published in the city, two of which are dailies. Dayton, p. v. in Yam Hill co., Orcg., on the Willamette R., 29 mis. S. of Portland. Day toil, p. v. in Armstrong co., Pa., 21 mis. N. \V . of IClttanning. Dayton, p. v. in Rockingham co., Va., 4 mis. from Ilarrisonburgh. Dayton, p. o. in Walla Walla co., Wash. Ter. Dayton, p. v in Green CO., Wis., on Sugar R., 8 mis. N. of IJrodhead. Dayton, tn. in Richland CO., Wis. Pop., 968. Dayton, tn. in Waupacca co.. Wis. Pop., 871. Daytona, p. o. in Volusia co., Fla. Day ville, p. o. in Grant Co., Orcg. Dead I^evel, p. o. in Clarke co., Ala. Dead liCvel, p. o. in Morgan co., Tenn. Dead River, tributary of the Kennebec R., Mu.; rises in Franklin co. and flows through Somerset co. in an easterly direction. Dead River, p. v. in Somerset co., Me., 28J^ mis. N. W. of North Anson. DeaUyneville, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., on the Delaware R., and 'J]4 mis. E. of Town- send on the Delaware R. R. Deal, p. V. in Monmouth co., N. .J., near the sea shore, and 3 mis. S. of Long Branch. Deal's Island, p. v. in Somerset co., Md., on Tangier Sound, and 20 mis. W. of Princess Ann. Dean liake, p. o. in AV right co., Minn. Deans, p. 6. in Middlesex co., N. J. Dean's Corners, p. v. in Lake co., 111., 10 mis. W. of Rockland. Dean's Corners, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., near Saratoga Lake, 10 mis. N. of Mechanics- ville. Dean's llills, p. o. in Montcalm co., Mich. Deansville, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Ch< quango Canal and the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., U mis. S. W. of Utica. Pop., 19.). Deansvllle, p. v. in Dane co.. Wis., on the St. Paul & Milwaukee R. R., 18 mis. E. N. E. of Madison. Dearborn, co. in Ind., S. E. part. Area, 291 eq. mis. Pop., 24,118 ; in 1860, 24,406. The sur- face is rolling, except the river bottoms, which are level anil have a very productive soil. The co. is bounded in the S. by Ijoug- herry's Cr. and the Ohio R. The White Water R. intersects the N. E. corner. Three rail- road lines pass through the co. Lawrence- burg is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 171,656 bush.; rye, 12,371 bush.; Indian- corn, 448,703 bush.; oats, 156,314 bush.; Irish pot's, 66,.'i06 Ijush.; sweet pot's, 1,482 bush.; butter, 331,232 lbs.; hay, 18,607 tons. Cash value of farms, $(),337,995. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,260,392. Value of manu- factures, $2,540,675. Dearborn, tn. in Wayne CO., Mich. Pop., 2,302. Dearbornville, p. v. in Wayue co., Mich., on the Michigan Central R. R., 7 mis. W. of De- troit, and on the Rouge R. Derives its im- portance from the largo U. S. Arsenal located lierc. Pop., 530. Deasonville, p. o. in Yazoo co.. Miss. Deatonsville, p. v. in Amelia co., Va., 8 mis. from Jetersville. DeatsTille, p. v. in Nelson co.,Ky., at Sayer's Station on the Louisville & Nashville R. R. Deavertown, p. v. in Morgan co., Ohio, 10 mis. E. of New Lexington, and 5 mis. E. of Mount Cluney, tlie next railroad station. Pop., 160. De Bastron, tn. in Ashley co.. Ark. Pop., 1,386. Debello, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Deblois, tn. in Washington co., Me. Pop., 139. Deblois, p. o. in the above tn. De Bruce, p. o. in SviUivan co., N. Y. De Bruin, p. v. in Pulaski co.. Mo., 30 mis. W. S. W. of Rolla. ^Decatur, i>. v. in Morgan co., Ala., on the Tennessee R. and on the Memphis & Charles- ton R. R. 121 mis. W. of Chattanooga, and 24 mis. S. W. of Huntsville. It is the southern terminus of the Nashville & Decatur R. R. Pop., 671. One newspaper. Decatur, co. in Ga.; forms the S. W. corner of the state. Area, 1,040 sq. mis. Pop., 1.5.183; in 1860, 11,922. The Chattahoochee R. forms the western boundary and separates it from Ala. and Fla. The Flint R. intersects the co. from N. to S. W. The surface is low and level, and consists mostly of unproductive sand. Bainbridge is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Rye, 90 bush. ; Indian-corn, 215,040 bush .; oats, 23,055 bush.; Irish pot's, 497 bush.; sweet pot's, 52,115 bush.; cotton, 5,444 bales ; rice, 27,625 lbs.; butter, 24,535 lbs. Cash value of farms, $805,560. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $859,548. Value ot manufactures, $127,387. Decatur, p. v. and the co. seat of De Kalb co., Ga., on the Georgia R. R., 165 mis. W. of Au gusta. The famous Stone Mt.,an isolated rocky height, is 6 mis. E. of this place. Pop. 401. Decatur, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., 8,498. *Decatur, city and the co. seat of Macon co., 111., near the Sangamon R. The Illinois Central R. R and four other lines intersect each other here, and render Decatur a great railroad center, easy of access from all parts of the country. It is 323 mis. from Toledo, 109 mis. from St. Louis, and 44 mis. S. of Bloom- ington, and liqs in the midst of a rich and prosperous farming district, and has numer- ous manufactories. Pop., 7,161 ; in 1860, 3,839. Five newspapers. Decatur, co. in Ind., S. E. central part. Area, 372 sq. mis. Pop., ls,S8S ; in 1860, 17,294. The surface is mostly level and the soil very pro- ductive. The CO. is drained by Otter Cr., Sand Cr. and Clifty Cr. The Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R. passes through the CO. Greensburgh is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 382,304 bush.; rye, 3,400 bush.; Indian-corn, 960,167 bush.; oats, 72,712 bush.; Irish pot's, 51,074 bush.; sweet pot's, 798 bush.; butter, 194,402 lbs.; hav, 12,034 tons. Cash value of farms, $'^,800,3is. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,850,579. Value of manufactures, $691,963. Decatur, tn. in Adams co., Ind. *DecatHr, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. • seat, on the St. Mary's R., 25 rals. S. E. of Fort AVayne and 12 mis. S. of Monroeville. Pop., 8.58. It has a large lumber trade and one news- paper. Decatur, tn. in Marlon co., Ind. Pop., 1,559. I»ecatur, tn. in Decatur co., Iowa. Pop., 1,046 Decatur, p. v. in the above tn., on the Michi- gan Central R. R., 23 mis. from Niles. It lies m a rich farming district. DECATUK. 265 DEERFIELD. Decatnr, co. in Iowa, S. part. Area, 530 sq. mis. Pop,, 12,018 ; In 1860, 8,«77. Tlie surface is undulating and the soil rich. There is much prairie and timber land. It is traversed from N. to S. by the Crooked Fork of the Grand R., and by the VVeldon R., which afford abundant drainage. Leon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 83,238 bush.; rye, 9,302 bush.; Indian-corn, 401,870 bush.; oats, 124,120 bush.; Irish pot's, 37,617 bush.; sweet pots, 5'3 bush.; wool, 67,430 lbs. ; butter, 16(5,897 lbs.: hay, 14,343 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,609,576. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,352,239, Value of manufactures, $404,- 323. Decatnr, tn. in Van Buren co., Mich. Pop., 2,512. ♦Decatur, p. v. in the above tn., on the Michi- gan Central R. R., 11 mis. N. E. of Dowagiac and 24 mis. S. W. of Kalamazoo ; is surround- ed by a rich farming district. Pop., 1,420. One newspaper. Decatur, p. o. in Kewton co.. Miss. ♦Decatur, p. v. in Burt co., Nebr., 15 mis. N. of Tekamah. Decatur, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 802. Decatur, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. \V. of East Worcester, on the Albany & Susquehan- na R. R. Decatur, p. v. in Brown co., Ohio, 13 mis. S. E. of Georgetown, and 14% mis. N. E. of Ripley on the Ohio R. Pop., 204. Decatur, tn. in Lawrence co., Ohio. Pop., 1,761. Decatur, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop., 1,437. Decatur, tn. in Mifflin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,171. Decatur, p. o. in tlie above tn. Decatur, tn. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop., 1,461. Decatur, p. v. and the co. seat of Meigs co., Tenn., 14 mis. W. of Athens. Pop., 99. Decatur, co. in Tenn., W. central part. Area 320 sq. mis. Pop., 7,772 ; in 1860, 6,276. The en- tire E. and S. bounilary is formed by tlio Ten- nessee R., which affords aljundaut water- power, and the surface is generally level, with very fertile river valleys. Decatiirville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 19,229 bush.; rye, 146 bush.; Indian-corn, 314,- 653 bush.; oats, 20,549 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,707 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,913 bush.; cotton, 1,159 bales; tobacco, 44,630 lbs.; butter, 96,348 lbs.; hay, 140 tons. Cash value of farms, $564,677. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $577,- 699. Value of manufactures, $277,367. Decatur, p. v. and the co. seat of Wise co., Tex., 90 nils, from Warren. Decatur, tn. in Green co. Wis. Pop., 3,459. Decaturville, p. o. in Camden co.. Mo. Decaturville, p. o. in AVashington co., Ohio. Decaturville, p. v. and the co. seat of Beca- tvir CO., Tenn., on the Tennessee R., and 35 mis. E. of Henderson Station. Pop., 188. DecherU, p. v. iu Franklin co., Tenn., at the junction of the Nashville & Chattanooga R. R. with the Winchester & Alabama R. 11., 12 mis. S. E. of TuUahoraa. Deckard, p. o. iu Crawford co.. Pa. Declier, tn. in Richland co., 111. Pop., 971. Decker, tn. in Knox co., Ind. Pop., 837. Decker's Point, p. v. iu Indiana co.. Pa., 8 mis. S. W. of Mahoning. Decker's Station, p. v. in Knox co., Ind., on White R., where it is crossed by the Evans- ville & Craw fords ville R. R., lO-X'mls. S. of Vin- cennes. ♦Deckertown, p. v. in Sussex co., N. J., on the New York & Oswego Midland R.R., 66 mis. from Jersey City. It is largely engaged in manu- facturing and mining, anil has one newspaper. Deckerville, p. o. in Sanilac co., Mich. Decorali, tn. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 3,723. ♦Decorah, p. v. in the above tn., and the co, seat, on the Upper Iowa R., 35 mis. above its mouth. A branch railroad, 8 mis. long, con- nects it with the Milwaukee & St. PaulR. R. It is a flourishing place, has machine shops, flouring mills and saw mills. Pop., 2,110. Five newspapers. Decora Prairie, p. o. in Trempealeau co.. Wis. Decoria, tn. in Blue Earth CO., Minn. Pop., 262. Decoria, p. o. in the above tn. Decbsta, p. v. in Atlantic co., N. J., on the Camden & Atlantic R. R., 31^ mis. S. E. of (Camden. Dedliam, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 448. Dedhain, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. E, of Bangor. Dedham, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 7,342. ■ ^Dedham, p. v. in the above tn., and the co. seat, on Charles R., 12 mis. S. W. of Boston by raih'oad ; has machine shops and other facto- ries. Two newspapers. Deedsville, p. o. in Miami co., Ind. Deem, p. o. in Owen co., Ind. Deep €reek, tn. in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,081. Deep Creek, p. o. in Clay co., Kans. Deep Creek, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. Deep Creek, p. o. in Chesterflold co., S. C. Deep Creek, p. o. in Tooele co., Utah. Deep Creek, tn. in Norfolk co., Va. Pop., 2,202. Deep Creek, v. in the above tn., on the Dismal Swamp Canal, 8 mis. S. of Norfolk. Deep Cut, p. o. in Auglaize co., Ohio. Deep River, p. v. in Middlesex co., Conn., on the Connecticut R., and on the Connecticut Valley R. 11., 9 mis. S. of Iladdam. Deep River, p. o. in Lake co., Ind. Deep River, tn. in Poweshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 799. Deep River, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. by E. of Brooklyn. Deep River, p. o. in Bay co., Mich. Deep River, p. o. in Gilford co., N. C. Deep "Valley, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Deep ^Vater, tn. in Henry co., Mo. Pop., 2,055. Deer Creek, tributary of the Scioto R., in Madison, Pickaway & Ross cos., Ohio. Deer Creek, tn. iu Tazewell co., 111. Pop., 763. Deer Creek, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. of Mackinaw. Deer Creek, tn. in Carroll co., Ind. Pop., 3,458. Deer Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Deer Creek, tn. in Cass co., Ind. Pop., 1,275. Deer Creek, tn. in Miami co., Ind. Pop., 1,173. Deer Creek, p. o. in Fremont CO., Iowa. Deer Creek, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 266. Deer Creek, tn. in Allen co., Kans. Pop., 614. Deer Creek, p. o. in Livingston co., Mich. Deer Creek, tn. in Bates co.. Mo. Pop., 1,057. Deer Creek, p. o. in Madison co., Nebr. Deer Creek, tn. in Pickaway co., Ohio. Pop., 1,458. Deer Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Deer Creek, tn. iu Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 823. Deer Creek, v. in Alleghany co., Pa., on the left bank of the Alleghany R., and on the Penu- sylvania Central R. R., 12^.^ mis. N. E. of Pitts- burgh. Deer Creek, tn. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 579. Deer Creek, tn. in Outagamie co., Wis. Pop., 134. Deerfield, tn. in Lake co., 111. Pop., 1,52.5. Deerlield, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. W. of Highlantl Park on the Northwestern K. K., and 2 nils. E. of the Des Plains R. Deerfield, tn. in Fulton co.. 111. Pop., 907. Deerfield, p. v. m Randolph co., Ind., near the DEERFIELD. 266 DEFIANCE. Indiana Central R. R., 10 mis. N. W. of Union City. Pop., 239. I>ecrflelcl, tn. iu Cliikasaw CO., Iowa. Pop., 59i). Deerfield, p. o. in tlie above tn. Veerfield, tu. in Franklin CO., Mass. Pop., 3,(;;jl'. Deerfield, p. v. in the above tn., near the junction of the Deerfleld and Connecticut Rs., and on the Connecticut River R. R., 3 mis. S. of Greentleld. Deerfleld, tn. in Van Buren co., Mich. Pop., G77. Deerfleld, tn, in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., l,2oi. Deerfleld, p. v. in the above tn., on the Raisin R. and the Michigan Southern R. R., lS}i mis. E. of Adrian. Deerfleld, tn. Livingston co., Mich. Pop., 1,1-is. Deer Held, tn. in Mecosta co., Mich. Pop., 564. Deerfleld, tn. in Steele co., Minn. Pop., 43S. DeerSeld, p. o. in tlie above tn. Deerlield, tn. in Vernon co., Mo. Pop., 508. Deerfleld, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 1,768. Deerfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. of Candia on the Concord & Portsmouth R. R. Deerfleld, tn. in Cumberland co., N. J. Pop., 1,518. Deerfleld, v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Bridgeton. Deerfleld, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 2.015. Deerfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. N. E. of Utica. Deerfleld, tn. in Warren co.,Ohio. Pop.. 1,965. Deerfleld, tn. in Ross co., Ohio. Pop., 1,223. Deerfleld, tn. in Morgan co., Oliio. Pop., 981. Deerfleld, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. Pop., 1,0:25. Deerfleld, p. v. in the above tu., 17 mis. S. E. of Ravenna. Deerfleld, tn. in Tioga Co., Pa. Pop., 665. Deerfleld, tn. in Warren co., Pa. Pop., 2,324. Deerfleld, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., 5 mis. from (h-aigsville. Deerfleld, tn. in Dane co., Wis. Pop., 1,040. Deerfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 17% mis. E. of Madison. Deerfleld, tn. in Waushara CO., Wis. Pop., 234. Deerfleld Centre, p. v. in Rockingham co., N. H., 2 mis. S. W. of Deerfleltl. Deerfleld Prairie, p. o. in Ue Kalb co., 111. Deerfleld River, tributary- of the Connecti- cut R.; rises in Windliam' CO., Vt., near the Green Mts., and joins tlie Coiinecticnt in Franklin co., Mass. Its valley is very pictur- esqui!. Deerfleld Street, p. v. in Cumberland co., N. J., 3'/^ nils. W. of the West Jersey R. R. Deerfleld Villasfc, v. in Warren co., Ohio, on the Little Miami R., and the Cleveland, Col- umbus & Cincinnati R. R., 4'^ mis. W. of Mor- row. Pop., 274. Deer Grove, p. o. in Whitesides co.. 111. Deeriiig, tn. iu Hillsborough co., N. H. Pop., 722. Deering, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. E. of IlillsViorongh Bridge. Deer Isle, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 3,414. Deer Isle, p. v. in the above tn., on the island of the same name, near the coast of Isle au Ilaut B. Deer I^aiid, p. o. in Worth co., Ga. Deer SAcU.^ p. v. in Williams co., Ohio, 12 mis. N. of Bi-van. l>eer SAcli, p. o. in Mason co., A\'. V'a. I>eer LiOd|?e, co. in Mont., W. part. Area, 12,000 sq. mis. Pop., 4,.3(>7. The co. consists of two distinct sections. The southern is bound- ed ou the N., S. and E. by the main chain of the Rocky Mts., and traversed by several suljor- diuate ranges. The Hull Gate and the Black- foot Rs. rise near the eastern boundary and intersect the co. from E. to W., receiving num- erous smaller tribtitaries, flowing through more or less wide valleys with good soil and Cottonwood and pine timber. The northern portion of the co. is a plain, gradually sloping from W. to E., and from 3,000 to 5,000 feet above the sea level. It is partly bounded ou the S. by the Elk R. and the Sun R., while the Maria's R., Teton R. and Miry Fork intersect it from W. to E. The settlements are nearly all in the Deer Lodge Prairie, the beautiful valley of the Deer Lodge R., a tributary of the Hell Gate R. Gold mining (placer "and hydraulic) is the principal pursuit. Deer Lodge City ts the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 485 bush.; oats, 11,510 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,200 bush.; btitter, 36,685 lbs.; h.nv, 3,575 tons. Cash value of farms, $103,6.50. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $148,780. Value of gold according to the census, $1,959,- 119. Value of manufactures, $.323,691. *Deer Liodge €ity, city, the co. seat of Deer Lodge CO. and the capital of Mont., on the Hell Gate R., a tributary of the Missouri, which here traverses a beautiful valley hem- med in by spurs of the Rocky Mts. Gold mines are in the vicinity. The city is 55 mis. S. W. of Helena. Pop., 788. Two "newspapers. Deer Park, p. o. in Washington co., Ala. Deer Park, tn. in La Salle co., 111. Pop., 8!I4. Deer Park, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. W. of Ottawa. Deer Park- p. v. in Alleghany co., Md., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 18 mis. S. W. of Bloom- ingtoii. Deer Park, v. in SuflTolk co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 36 mis. from Hunter's Point. Deer Park, tn. in Orange co., N. Y. Pop., 9,387. Deer Park, v. in Preston co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 48 mis. W. of Cum- berland. Pop. about 100. Deer Plain, p. o. in Calhoun co.. 111. Deer Kid^e, p. v. in Lewis co., Mo., 23 mis. from Canton. Deer River, p. v. in Lewis co., N. Y., near the Utica & P>lack River R. R. Deer River, a tributary of St. Regis R. in New York ; rises in Franklin co. and passes through the E. part of St. Lawrence co. Deersville, p. v. in Harrison co., Ohio, 14 mis. W. of Cadiz. Pop., 306. Deer Valley, p. o. in Park co.. Col. Ter. Deer Walk, p. o. in Wood co., W. Va. Deetsville, p. o. in Elmore co., Ala. Deever.sville, p. o. in Phillips co., Kans. Defiance, co. in Ohio, N. W. part, bordering on Ind. Area, 420 sq. mis. Pop., 15,719; in 1860, 11,886. Its principal rivers are the Mau- mee and St. Josi^jih. It is also drained by the Auglaize and Tiflin Rs. The Fort VVaj'ne& Toledo R. 11. passes through the co. The sur- face is generally lev^el and the soil productive. Defiance is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870; Wheat, 246,393 bush.; rye, 1,329 bush.; Indian-corn, 146,810 bush.; oats, 128,111 bush.; Irish pot's, 70 825 bush.; sweet pot's, 351 bush.; butter, 366,211 lbs.; liay, 17.971 tons. Cash value of farms, $,5,588,7o7. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,136,810. Value of manufactures, $987,845. Deflanee, tn. in Defiance co., Ohio, Pop. 3,615. * Defiance, p. v. and the co. seat of Defiance co.. Ohio, at the confluence of the Auglaize antl Maumee Rs., and on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 15 mis. S. W. of Napoleon and .50 mis. S. W. of Toledo. The Wabash & Erie Canal passes by the town. Itoccnjjiesthesite of Fort Defiance, which was built by General Wayne iii 1794 ; has an active trade and uu- DE FOKEST. 267 DELAVAN. mei-ous mauufactories. Pop., 2,750; in 1860, 1,393. Two newspapers. I>e Forest, p. v. iu Dane CO., Wis. Defreestville, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., •t nils. E by N. of Albany. ll>e Oallion, p. o in Moorehouse parish. La. I>e Ooller, p. o. in Mclvean co. Pa. De^onia, tn. in .Jackson co., 111. Pop., 470. *I>e tiraff*, p. v. in Lojran co., Ohio, on the In- dianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Colum- bus & Cincinnati B. R.,9>^ mis. S. W. of Belle- fontaine. Uei.shers Mill, p. o. in Botetourt co., Va. J>e Kalb, co. in Ala., N. E. part. Area about 750 sq. mis. Pop., 7,1-26; in 1860, 10,705. The larger part of this co. includes several ranges of the Raccoon Mts., while the eastern partis traversed by the Lookout Mts., the highest range of the state. The valley of AVills Cr., an affluent of the Coosa, separates these two mountain chains, and being 50 mis. long and 5 mis. wide, includes a large area of highly pro- ductive country. Town Cr., a tributary of the Tennessee R., ti'averses a valley in the Rac- coon Mts. The Alabama & Chattanooga R. R. intersects the co. from S. W. to N. E. Leba- non is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 36,880 bush.; rje, l,6ol bush.; Indian- corn, 209,995 bush.; oats, 12,088 bush. ; Irish pot's, 8,'Ml bush.; sweet pot's, 20,488 bush.; cotton, 205 bales ; butter, 91,042 lbs.; hay, 172 tons. Cash value of farms, $534,924. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $404,203. Value of manu- factures, 113,256. I>e Kalb, tn. in Grant co.. Ark. Pop., 529. l>e Kalb, co. iu Ga., N. central part. Area, 255 sq. mis. Pop., 10,014; in 1860, 7,806. Its north- ern extremity is washed by the Chattahoochee R. The surface is rolling and the soil produc- tive. The Georgia R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W. Decatur is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: NV^heut, 27,685 bush.; rye, 570 bush.; Indian-corn, 156,125 bush.; oats, 14,- 922 bush.; Irish pot's, 880 bush.; sweet pot's, 10- 928 bush.; cotton, 1,709 bales ; butter, 25,898 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,124,168. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $530,000. Value of manufactures, $326,301. De Kalb, co. in 111., N. part. Area, 650 sq. mis. Pop., '13,265; in 1860, 19,086. The surface is un- dulating and the soil fertile. It is drained by the South Kishwaukee R., and by tri- butaries of the Fox R. The Chicago & Burlington R. R. touches the S. E. corner. Sycamore is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, .39S,-249 bush.; rye, 21,018 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,023,849 bush.; oats, 1 ,087,074 bush.; Irish pot's, 199,478 bush.; sweet pot's, 16 bussh.; butter, 915,804 lbs.; hay, 68,665 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,988,325. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, mcludinii additions to stock, etc., $2,903,762. Value of manufac- tures, $660,265. I>e Kalb, tn. in De Kalb co.. 111. Pop., 2,164. I»e Kalb, co. in Ind., N. E. part. Area, 346 sq. mis. Pop., 16,176; in 1860, 13,880. Thesvirfaceis generally level and heavily timbered. Tlie St. Joseph R., and its tributary. Cedar Cr., drain the eo. The soil is excellent. The co. is intersected bj^ the Michigan Southern R. R. and the Port Wayne, Jackson & Saginaw R. R. Auburn is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 348,940 bush.; rye, 2,015 bush.; In- dian-corn, 219,580 bush.; oats, 198,945 bush ; Irish pofs, 77,899 bush.; butter, 444,407 lbs.; hay, 20,- 440 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,063,488. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $l,.S80,8O0. Value of manufactures, $294,648. l>e Kalb, p. v. and the co. seat of Kemper co., Miss., 2S mis. from Meridian. De Kalb, co. in Mo., N. W. part. Pop., 9,858; in 1860, 5,224. It is drained by Grindstone and other Crs., tributaries of the Grand and Platte Rs. The surface is undulating and consists of .prairies and timber land. The soil is ver j^ pro- ductive. Maysville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 46,646 bush.; rye, 621 bush.; Indian-corn, 521,955 bush.; oats, 125,923 busli.; Irish pot's, 44,184 bush.; sweet pot's, 430 bush.; tobacco, 6,900 lbs.; butter, 140,795 lbs.; hay, 6,229 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,299- 869. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $.589,518. Value of manufactures, $18,520. De Kalb, p. v. in Buchanan co.. Mo., 6 mis. from Rushville. Pop., 226. De Kalb, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 3,116. De Kalb, p. v. in the above tn., on the Oswe- gatchie R., 2}4 mis. W. of East De Kalb. De Kalb, p. V. in Crawford co., Oliio, 11 mis. jST. of Crestline. Pop., 70. De Kalb, co. in Tenn., N. part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 11,425; in 1860, 10,573. The surface is diversifled and the soil good. It is inter- sected and drained bj^the lorks of the Cum- berlaml R. Smithville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. 81,399 bush.; rye, 1,492 bush.; Indian-corn, 48(5,823 bush.; oats, 32,259 bu.sh.; Irish pot's, 13,006 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,156 bush.; tobacco, 87,076 lbs.; but- ter. 124,789 lbs.; hay, 851 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,. 549,1.56. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $710,808. Value of manufactures, $256,079. De Kalb, p. o. in Bowie co., Tex. De Kalb, tn. in Scott CO., Va. Pop., 1,975. De Kalb, tn. in Gilmer co., W. Va. Pop., 848. De Kalb, p. v. in the above tn., 45 mis. from Clarkslnirgh. *De Kalb Centre, p. v. in De Kalb co.. 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 3 mis. W. of Cortland. It is surrounded by a rich agri- cultural district. De Kalb Junction, p. v. in St. La\vr-ence co., N. Y., on the Rome, AVatertown & Ogdens- burg R. R., 19 mis. S. E. of Ogdensburg. The Lake Champlaln R. R. diverges from liere. Dekorra, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 1,397. Deltorra, p. v. in the above tn., on the Wis- consin R., 7 mis. S. of Portage City. Pop., 85. De Koven, p. o. in Union co., Ky. Delafielcl, p. o. in Hamilton co., 111. Delafield, tn. in Waukesha co.. Wis. Pop., l,3i;4. Delafield, p. v. in the above tn., 114 mis. S. of Nashota Mission, on the Prairie Ju Chein & Milwaukee R. R., and 9 mis. N. W. of Wau- kesha. Delancey, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. Delanco, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J., on the Camden & AmboyR. R., 6 mis. S. W. of Bur- lington. Delaney's Creek, p. o. in Washington co., Ind. Delano, tn. in Humboldt co., Iowa. Pop., 145. Delano, p. o. in Sedgwick co., Kans. Delano, p. v. in Wright co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R.,40 ml.s. W. of St. Paul, and on Crow R. It has steam saw mills and a carriage factory, and is a prosperous place. Delano, p. v. in" Schuylkill co.. Pa., on the Le- high Valley R. R., 23 mis. S. W. of Peun Haven. Delanti, v. in Hardin co., Iowa, on the Iowa R. and the Central R. R. of Iowa, 4 mis. S. of Eldora. De I,a Palnia, p. o. in Brown co., Ohio. De Iiassus, p. v. in St. Francois co.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 11 mis. S. of Bismarck. Pop. about, 250. Delavan, tn. in Tazewell co.. 111. Pop., 1,957. *Delavan, p. v. in tbe a'oove tn., at the inter- section of the Toledo, Wabash & Western ii. DELAVAN. 268 DELAWARE. R. with the Jacksonville Division of the Chi- cago, Alton & Toledo R. R., 58 mis. NT. E. of Jacksonville and ai mis. S. W. of Bloominston. It lies in a rich grain-growing region and has much local trade. Two newspapers. ]>elavan, p. o. in Clay Co., Kans. Dclavan, tn. in \yalworth co., Wis. Pop., 2,509. *Deli»van, p. v. in the above tn., on the West- ern Union R. R., 5 rals. W. S. W. of Elk Horn and 19 mis. E. N. E. of Beloit. Turtle Cr., on which it is situated, furnishes valuable water- f)0wer. The State Deaf and Dumb Asjdumis ocated here. Pop., 1,688. One newspaper. Delavan Station, p. o. in Faribault co., Minn., on the South Minnesota R. R., 8 mis. from Winnebago. DELAWARE, one of the original thirteen Stiites ; is bounded on the N. by Pa., on the W. and S. by Md. and on the E. by the Delaware R. and B., and the Atlantic Ocean. It extends from 38° 28' to 39° .50' N. lat., and has an area of 2,1-20 sq. mis. or ],3.5;,S00 acres. Surface. — Delaware occupies the north-eastern portion of the peninsula which separates Dela- ware B. from Chesapeake B., and which forms a plain of but little elevation above the sea level. Through the center of this peninsula ex- tends from N. to S. a broad swell of the ground, somewhat higher than the sea-coast, and cov- ei-ed with swampy tracts, from which the small streams issue. Delaware includes a portion of this higher ground and thus forms a plain gently mclinnig from the W. to the shores of Delaware B. on the E. Rivers.— Thii rivers of Delaware are small, and with the one exception of the Delaware R., Which forms the boundary, are not navigable. Into this large stream empty the following: Brandywine Cr., rising in Chester co.. Pa., tra- versing a wild and romantic valley, and joined near Wilmington by Christiana Cr. ; Duck Cr. forming the boundary between Kent and New- castle COS.; Mlspillion R., forming the boundary between Kent and Sussex cos.; BroadhillCr. and Indian R., both in Sussex co. The Choptank and Nanticokc Rs. rise in the western part of the state and empty into Chesapeake B. Climate.— The clihiate of Dohiware is mild, being tempered by the vicinity of the ocean, The mean annual temiicraturo at Newark is be- tween 52 and .53 deg. Fuhr. The northern part of the state has much excellent farm land, but the southerH part is on the whole sandy and but little i^rodnctive. I'opulat.ion.— The fli'st settlements in Delaware •were made by Swedes in l(i-27. In 10.5.5 it became a dependency of the Dutch colonv of New Amsterdam, and together with this colony fell into the hands of the English in Ki'U. In lfjS-2 the English government made it a part of the William Penn grant; but in 1701 it was separated from Pennsylvania, though subject to the same governor down to the war of independence. The number of inhabitants was, in 1790, 59,095; in 1810, 72,074; in 1840, 78,075; in ISiiO. 112,216, and in 1870, 125,015, which includes 11.5,879 natives and 9,136 foreign born persons. Among the natives were 93,101 whites and 22 778 colored ; and among the foreign born, 1,U1 Germans ; l,-tl9 English- men, and .5,907 Irishmen. In all classes of occupations were engaged 40,313 persons, of whom 15,973 win-o engaged in agriculture; 11,389 in professional and per- sonal services ; 3,437 in trade and transporta- tion, and 9,.514 in manufactories and mechanical industries. Agriculture. — The number of acres of im- proved land was (>98,ii5 ; of woodland, 295.102, and of unimproved land in farms, 59,045. The cash value of farms was $40,712,870, ami the esti- mated value of farm productions, including betterments, was $8,171,667. There were pro- duced 89.5,310 bush, winter wheat; 10,222 bush, ryo ; 3,010,390 bush. Indiali-corn ; 551,388 bush. oats ; 362,7^4 bush. Irish pot's ; 85,309 bush, sweet pot's; 58,316 lbs. wool; 1,171,963 lbs. butter; 41,890 tons hay; 65,908 gallons of sorghum molasses, and 33,151 lbs. of honey. Delaware produces large ciuantities of line fruits and veg- etables. The peach orchards are justly famous anl partly supply the markets of Philadelphia, New York and even Boston. The value of orchard products in 1870 was $1,220,893, and of market gardens, 8198,075. The value of all live stock was $1,257,323. Delaware had 10,779 horses; 3,584 mules and asses; 24,082 milch cows; 6,888 working oxen ; 22,714 sheep and 39,818 swine. The number of farms was 7.615, andof these 349 had from 3 to 10 acres; 4.53 from 10 to 20 acres ; 1,.531 from 20 to 50 acres ; 2.398 from .50 to 100 acres ; 2,832 from 100 to 500 acres ; 40 from 500 to 1,000, and 3 over 1,000. Mnnu/acture.i.— The manufacturing industry of Delaware is of great importance, and mostly carried on in the northern part of the state and the city of Wilmington. According to the last census there were 800 manufacturing estab- lishments in the state, employing 4,313 horse- power of steam-engines, 4,220 horse-power ot water-wheels, and 9,710 hands. The capital invested was $10,839,093. The raw materials consumed had a value of $10,200,398, and the manufactured products, $16,791,382. , The state had 6 cotton factories with 771 looms and 18,034 spindles, which employed 726 hands, con- sumed 2,.587,615 lbs. of raw cotton, and pro- duced 2,396,000 yds. of shirting and sheeting ; 1,475,600 lbs. of yarn ; 171,428 lbs. of bats, and 420,400 lbs. of other goods. The value of all cot- ton ■ manufactures amounted to $1,000,898. Eleven establishments manufactured woollen goods, employing 399 hands and producing 276,;«2 yds. of cloth, etc., of the value of $.576,087. In 18 iron foundries were cast 40,000 car wheels, 3,000 feet of railing, 3.50 stoves, 79 tons of agricul- tural castings, and 4,448 miscellaneous castings. The value of all cast-iron products was $1,085,- 557. Machinery to the value of $039,438 was pro- duced in 8 establishments. Eighty saw mills produced 100,000 laths, 18,858 m. fee't of lumber and'$56,3.56 worth of staves. All the .sawed lum- ber products had a value of $405,041. Eighteen tanneries produced 30,454 sides of leather .and 81,425 skins, of $244,993 in value. Flour is a promi- nent article in the list of Delaware manufac- tures. In 18"0 the total value of flour and mo.al produced was $l,849,.537 and in 1870, .$2,007,401. Ten establishments turned out agricultural implements to the value of $41,325. Comtyierce.— Although the state borders on navigable waters, its maritime commerce is not extensive. During the fiscal 3'ear ending June 30, 1871, Delaware imported commodities of .$2,245 in value, and exported domestic goods of $82,144 in value. It had but two registered ves- sels of 771 tons ; 1.30 enrolled vessels of 1.5,231 tons, and 28 licensed vessels of .321 tons. Of these 100 vessels, 17 were steamboats and had a ton- nage of 0,826. Delaware is well supplied with railroads. The total mileage was, in 1871, 227. The northern extremity of the state is inter- sected bj' the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Balti- more R. R. Branch roads extend from Wil- mington to New Castle and Frenchtown and traverse the state from X. to S., and the Wil- mington & Reading R. R. extends from W'l- mington to Birdsboro, Pa. The Chesapeake & Delaware Canal crosses the state from E. to W., and connects the bays of the same name, forming an important link in ihe line of navi- gation between Baltimore & Philadelphia. Education.— The state has three colleges. Dela- aware College, located at Newark, has a scien tiflc department and an agricultural college. St. Mary's College is at Wilmington, and Bran- dywine Collegt! at Brandvwine. In 1870 Dela- ware had 320 public schools with .388 teachers and li!,s:55 pui)ils ; 11 classical and professional schools with 03 teachers and 8.59 pupils; and 3S other schools, not public, with 59 teachers and DELAWARE. 269 DELAWARE. 1,881 pupils. The 17 newspapers, publisUcd witliiii tlie state had a circulation of '20,800 copies. Wealth and Taxatioii.— The total assessed valu- ation in 1870 was ,$G4,787,2'23, which inchuled ^18,- 744,783 for real estate and $16,042,440 for personal estate. The estimated valuation for personal knd real estate was $97,180,833. Delaware has no state debt. The total amount of county, town and city debt amounted in 1870 to 3i52(),l-26. The total (not national) taxes, levied in the same year, were $118,092; of which $83,(Jt)6 were state taxes. Governmenl. — The Governor is elected by the people for a term of four years, and lie appoints the Secretary of State and the Attorney-Gen- eral. The Treasurer and Auditor are elected by the legislature for two years. The Senate consists of nine members and the House of twenty-one, elected for two years. The "judicial power is vested in a Court of Errors and Appeals, a Superior Court, a Court of Chancery, an Orphans' Court, a Court of Oyer and Terminer, a Register's Court and Justices of the Peace. Dover is the capital. The state is divided into three counties, viz.: Kent, New Castle and Susses. l>elawaB"e, tn. in Yell co.. Ark. Pop., 550. Delaware, p. o. in the above tn. Delaware, tn. in Ripley co., Ind. Pop., 1,559. Dela^varc, p. v. in theabove tn., 4J<^ mis. N. of Pcirceville on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. Delaware, tn. in Delaware co., Ind. Pop., 1,'210. Delaw^are, tn. in Hamilton co., Ind. Pop., 1,434. Delaware, co. in Ind., E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 25,281; in 1860, 15,753. The surface is mostly level or slightly undulating, and heavily timbered. The co.is drained by the Mississinewaj' R. and the West Fork oif the "White R. The Indiana Division of the Cincin- nati, Columbus & Cleveland R. R. intersects with the Indianapolis Junction R. R. at Mun- eie, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 451,502 bush.; rye, 4,799 bush.; Indian- corn, 674,477 bush.; oats, 63,546 bush.; Irish pot's, 45,387 bush.; sweet pot's, 730 bush.; butter, 422,108 lbs.; hay, 10.774 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,025,183. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,746,273. Value of manufactures, $419,864. Delaware, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 2,727. Delaware, p. V. in the above tn.,on the Illi- nois Central R. R., 41 mis. from Dubuque. Delaware, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 865. Delaware, co. in Iowa, E. part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., 17,431; in 1860, 11.024. The surface is rolling and the soil fertile. It is intersected by the Maquoketa R. The Dubuque & Sioux City R. R. passes through fronr E. to W. Delhi is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 695,137 bush.; rye, rj,.324 bush.: Indian- corn, 981,010 bush.; oats, 677,612 bush.; Irish pot's, 116,877 bush.; sweet pot's, 292 bush.; wool, 41,243 lbs.; butter, 674,506 lbs.; hay, 42,790 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,200,888. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $2,452,654. Value of manufactures, $434,306. Delaware, tn. in Leavenworth co., Kans. Pop., 926. Delaware, p. o. in Davies co., Ky. Delaware, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 741. Delaware, tn. in Shannon co.. Mo. Pop., 198. Delaware, tu in Camden co., N. J. Pop., 1,625. Delaware, tn. in Hunterdon CO., N. J. Pop., 2 959. Delaware, tn. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pop., J 998. Delaware, co. in N. Y., S. S. E part. Area about 1,550 sq. mis. Pop., 42,972 ; in 1860, 42,465. The Delawai-e JB forms tlie S. W. boundary and separates the cb. from Pa. Two branches of this stream rise near the eastern botmdary of the CO. and traverse it from N. E. to S. W., receiving Popacton R., Coquago R. and other tributaries. The surface is broken by hills, and especially is the eastern portion mountainous, being occupied by spurs of the Catskills. The Susquehanna R. "follows the N. W. boundary of the co. Delhi is the co. seat, Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 11,497 bush, rye, 26,120 bush.; Indian-corn, 125,097 bush.' oats, 689,084 bush.; Irish pot's, 432,443 bush., wool, 130,472 lbs.; maple sugar, 407,589 lbs.; but- ter, 6,135,715 lbs.; cheese, 42,578 lbs.; hay, 167,975 tons. Cash value of farms, $23,435,701. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $6,384,043. Value of products of industry : Lumber, $332,- 815; flour, $217,225; leather, $784,740. Value of manufactures, $2,260,025. *Delaware, p. v. and the co. seat of Delaware CO., Ohio, ou the Olentangy R. and the Cleve- land, Columbus & Cincinnati R. R., 114 mis. S. W. of Cleveland, and 24 mis. N. of Columbus. The Springfield liranch R. R. diverges from here. Delaware is tlie seat of the Ohio Wes- leyan University, founded in 1845, and the Ohio Weslej'an Female College. A mineral spring in the tn. is noted for its medicinal proper- ties. Pop., .5,641. It has manufactories of hemp, woollen goods and agricultural imple- ments, .and four newspapers. Delaware, tn. in Defiance co., Ohio. Pop., 1,160. Delaware, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 6,861. Delaware, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop., 1,280. Delaware, co. in Ohio, central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 25,157 ; in 1860, 23,902. It is traversed from K. to S. by the Scioto and Olentangy Rs. and by the Cleveland, Colum- bus & Cincinnati R. R. From the co. seat a branch of this road runs to Springfield. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 243,025 bush.; rj'e, 7,482 bush.; Indian-corn, 932,760 bush.; oats, 205,688 bush.; Irish pot's, 110,613 bush.; sweet pot's, 443 bush.; butter, 630,327 lbs.; hay, 39,303 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,293,605. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $2,056,380. Value of niaaufactures, $1,290,772. Delaware, tn. in Pike co., Pa. Pop., 758. Delaivare, p. v. in the above tn., ou the Dela- ware K., 12 nils. S. W. of Milford. Delaware, tn. in NortUuniberland CO., Pa. Pop., 1,879. Delaware, tn. in Mercer CO., Pa. Pop., 1,703. Delaware, tn. in Juniata Co., Pa. Pop., 1,079. Delaware, co. in Piu, forming the S. E. ex- tremitv of the state. Area, 185 sq. mis. Pop., 39,403 ; "in 1860, 30,.597. It is bounded on the S. E. by the Delaware R., on the S. W. by Brandywine Cr., and is drained by Darby, Crum," Ridley and Chestev Crs. The por- tion adjoining the Dela.ware R. is level ; the remainder, hilly and broken. The soil is pro- ductive. The Philadelphia, Wilmingtoa & IJaltimore R. R.: the Philadelphia & West Chester R. R., and the Philadelphia & Balti- more Central R. R. intersect the co. Media is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 121,398 bush.; rye, 6,209 bush.; oats, 135,052 bush.; Indian-corn, 379,417 bush.; Irish pot's, 197,295 bush.; sweet pot's, 87 bush.; butter, 1,143,051 lbs.; hay, 32,140 tons. Cash value of farms, $19,288,727. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,938,587. Principal products of industry: Cotton goods, $3,582,995: cotton thread, $057,205 ; flour and meal, $547,100 ; re- fined sugar, $781,140; printing paper, $345,000 ; ship-building and repairing, $612.400 ; woollen goods, $2,030,262. Value of manufactures, $11,- 041,654. DELAWARE BEND. 270 DELTA. Delaware Bend, p. o. in Cooke co., Tex. Delaware Centre, v. in Delaware CO., Iowa, at the crossinf^ of the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R. with the Davenport & St. Paul K. R., 90 mis. from Davenport. Pop. abont 250. Delaware City, p. v. in Summit co., Colo., on a branch of the Bine R. and aniongr the moun- tains bordering the Middle Park on the S. It lies 5 mis. N. E. of Brcckeuridtje. •Delaware City, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., on the Delaware R., and 7 mis. E. of Kirk- wood on the Delaware R. R. A canal con- nects it with Chesapeake City. It is largely engaged in manufacturing. Delaware City, p. v. in Leavenworth co., Kans., on the Missouri Pacific R. R. and on the Missouri R., 32 mis. N. W. of Kansas city. Delaware Grove, p. v. in Mercer co., Pa., 6 mis. N. W. of :Mercer. Delaware Station, p. v. in Warren co., N. .!.,• on the Delaware R. and the Delaware, Lack- awanna & Western R. R., 52 mis. from Tren- ton. Pop. about 400. Delaware Town, p. o in Christian co.. Mo. Delaware Water Gap, p. v. in Monroe co.. Pa., on the Delaware R., 5 mis. E. of .Stromts- burg, and on the Delaware, Lackawanna & ■Western R. R. The Delaware R. here bursts through a gap of the Bhie Mts. Delectable Hill, p. o. in Pike co., Ind. Delhi, p. V. in Jersey CO., 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 11 mls."N. N. W. of Alton. Delhi, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 1,174. *Delhi, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 4 nds. S. of Delaware Centre on the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R. A rail- road is being constructed, connecting Delhi with Davenport. It lies on the Maquoketa R. R., and has one newspaper. Pop., 413. Delhi, p. V. in Richland parish. La., on the North Lousiana & Texas R. R., 37 mis. W. of Vicksburg, Miss. • Delhi, tn. in Ingham CO., Mich. Pop., 1,250. Delhi, tn. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop., 2,920. •^Delhi, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Coquago R., 42 mis. E. N. E. of Deposit on the Erie R. R. It is the terminus of a branch of the Midland R. R. Pop., 1,223. Has three newspapers. Delhi, tn. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Pop., 2,620. Delhi, p. o. in the above tn. Delhi, V. in Delaware co., Ohio, 32 mis. N. N. VV. ot Cohimbus. Delhi Mills, p. v. in Washtenaw co., Mich., on the Michigan Central R. R., 5 mis. W. of Ann Arbor. Delight, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Delila, p. o. in Halifax co., Va. De liisle, p. v. in Darke co., Ohio, on the Day- ton & Union R. R., 7 mis S. E. of Greenville. Deliaplane, p. o. in Wilkes co., N. C. Dell City, V. in Minnehaha co., Dak.,on Big Sioux R., about 100 mis. N. of Sioux Citj', Iowa. One newspaper. Dell Delig'ht, p. o. in Benton co.. Mo. Dellona, p. v. in Sauk co., AVis., 10 mis. W. S. W. of Kilbonrn City, and 10 mis. N. E. of Reedsburgh. Dell Prairie, tn. in Adams co., Wis. Pop., 534. Dell Prairie, p. v. in the above tn., 4'/^ mis. N. E. of Kilbonrn City. Dell Rapids, p. o. of Dell City, in Minnehaha en., Dak. Dellville, p. o. in Perry co., Pa. Delinar, p. v. in Sussex co., Del.; is the south- ern terminus of the Delaware R. R. and the south-western terminus of the Eastern Shore R. R., 97 mis. from Wilmington. Pop., 200. Delmar, p. o. in Clinton co., Iowa; is the junc- tion of the Davenport & St. Paul R. R^ the Sabula, Ackley & Dakota R. R., and the Iowa Midland R. R. Delmar, tn. in Tioga co., Pa. Pop., 1,855. Delmont, p. v in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Delniore, p. o. in McPlierson co„ Kans. Del Xorte, co. in Cal., N. W. part. Area about ],.i00sq. mis. Pop., 2,022; in 1360, 1,993. It is bounded on the W. by the Pacific Ocean and on the X. by Oregon. The surface is moun- tainous, as the Coast Ranges, with their spurs, occupy the greater portion. The Klamath R. intersects the S. E. and S. W. corners. Smith R. drains the N. W. part. The most of the CO. is well timbered with redwood, spruce and pine. The vallej's and some prairies of considerable extent have a very fertile soil. The yield of cereals is very large, wheat fre- quently turning out from" 30 to 40 bushels to the acre, and barley anil oats much more. Vines thrive with little cart;, and stock keep in good condition throughout the year. Pla- cer minlncf is carried on in the valley of the Klamath R. Crescent City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 7,423 bush.: Indian- corn, 505 bush.; oats, 14,955 bush.; Irisli pot's, 20,495 bush.; wool, 3,471 lbs.; butter, 35,8.53 lbs.: hay, 869 tons. Cash value of farms, •'};165,950. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $60,- 617. Value of manufactures, $;103,415. Del Norte, p. o. in Conejos co., Colo. Dcloit, p. V. in Crawford co., Iowa, 6 mis. from Denison. Pop., 103. Delona, tn. in Sauk co.. Wis. Pop., 5.36. Dclon's Mills, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. ^Delphi, p. V. and the co. seat of Carroll co., Ind., on the Wabash & Erie Canal, near the Waljash R. and on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R..20 mis. S. W. of Logansport and 186 mis. W. S. W. of Toledo. Pop., 1,814. It has manufactories, for which the river yields water-power, and is surrounded by a rich farming district. Two newsjjapers. Delphi, p. V. in Onondaga co., X. Y., 10 mis. E. of Lafayette. Delphi, V. in Marion co., Tenn., on the Sequat- chie R. Delphos, p. V. in Ottawa co., Kans., 13 mis. N. \V. of Lindsey. Delphos, V. in Allen co., Ohio, on the Miami Canal and the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chi- cago R. R., 90 mis. fi-om Toledo and 15 mis. from Lima; lies in a rich farming district. Po)!., 1,027. One ni'wspnpcr. *Delphos, p. V. in Van Wert co., Ohio, on the Miami & Erie Canal and the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 14}^ mis. N. W. of Linia. Pop., 640. The county line separates this V. from Delphos, in Allen co. Delpsburgh.p. v. in Northampton CO., Pa., 7\4, mis. S. W. of Portland on the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. Del Key, p. v. in Iroquois co.. 111., on .the Illi- nois Central R. R., 88 mis. S. S. W. of Chicago. It is in the v. of Spring Creek. Del Rio, p. o. in Kinney co., Tex. Delroy, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Delta, CO. in Jlich., southern part of the north- ern peninsula. Pop., 2, .542 ; in 1860, 1,172. It borders on Green B., and its northern exten- sions. Big and Little Noquet Bs. The sur- •face is rolling antl mostly covered with for- ests. Eseanawba is the co. seat. Agr. pi'o- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 2i)4 bush.; oats, 4,365 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,170 bush.; hay, 1.45 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,060. Total.' estimated, value of all farm productions, inclmiing ail- ditions to stock, etc., $11,163. Value of nianu- factures, !«i24(i.;U2. Delta, CO. in Tex., N. E. part. It occupies tho triangular space between the North and South Sulphur Crs., which unite at its eastern ex- tremity to form the Sulphur Fork of the Red R. The ground is slightly undulating and the soil very productive. The census does not give statistics. Delta, p. o. in Clay CO., Ala. Delta, p. Y. in McLean co., 111., on tho Indian. DELTA. 271 DENTON. apolis, Bloomington & "Western R. R., 1% mis. S. E. of Bloomington. Delta, p. o. in Parke co., Ind. I>elta, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans. Delta, p. V. and the co. seat of Madison par- Isli, La., on the Mississippi K., opposite Vicks- burg, Miss., in a rich cotton-growing district. One newspaper. Delta, tn. in Eaton co., Mich. Pop.. 1,154. Delta, p. V. in the above tn., on the Grand R. and the Ionia & Lansing R. R., 8 mis. W. of Lansing. Delta, p. V. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Mo- hawk R., 6 mis. N. of Rome. *Delta, p. V. in Fulton co., Ohio, on tlie Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R,, '24^ mis. W. of Toletlo. Pop., 733. Delta, p. V. in York co., Pa., on the Peachbot- tom R. R. Delton, tn. in Delta co., Mich. Pop., &33. Delton, p. V. in Sauk co.. Wis., on a branch of the Wisconsin R.; 4 nils. S. of Kilbourn City. Demarest, p. o. in Bergen co., N. J. Dement, tn. in Ogle co.. 111. Pop., 1,120. Demiiig', p. v. in Hamilton co., Ind., bl4 mis. W. of Cicero. Deming^'s Bridge, p. o. in Matagorda co., Tex. Deiumit, co. in Tex., S. W. part. Area, 1,976 sq. mis. Pop., 109. The surface is generally level, and the soil productive. The Nueces E. intersects the co. from N. W. to S. E., and receives several small affluents within its lim- its, as San Roiiue Cr. and others. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 550 bush.. Cash value of farms, $3,860. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., 179,050. Democracy, p. v. in Knox co., Ohio, 8 mis. N. E. of Mt. Vernon. Democrat, tn. in Carroll co., Ind. Pop., 1,122. Democrat, p. o. in Buncombe co., N. C. *Demopolls, p. V. and the co. seat of Marengo CO., Ala., on the Alabama Central R. R., 5l) mis. W. of Selnia. It is the shipping point for a rich cotton-growing district, and has one newspaper. Pop., 1,539. Demos, p. v. in Behnont co., Ohio, 4V< mis. S. of Warnock on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Pop., 167. De niossvillc, p. v. in Pendleton co., Ky., on the Kentucky Central R. R., 25 mis. S. ot Cov- ington. De Mott, p. o. in Seneca co., N. Y. Dempseytown, p. v. in Venango co., Pa., 9 mis. N. of Franklin. Denbigh, tn. in Warwick co., Va. Pop., 391. Deiilson, tn. in Lawrence co.. 111. Pop., 1,668. Dcnl^oii, tn. in Crawford co., Iowa. Pop., 633. *Denison, p. v. and the co. seat of Crawford CO., Iowa, on the Beyer R. and the Chicago & Korthwesteru R. K.', 84 mis. W. of Boone and 424 mis. W. of Chicago. Pop., 326. It is sur- rounded by a rich agricultural district. Denisoii, p". o. in Herkimer co., N. Y. Denison City, p. o. in Graj'son co., Tex. Denmark, p. o. in White co.. Ark. Denmark, p. v. in Perry co.. 111., 9 mis. S. W. of Pinckneyville. Denmark, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,011. •^Denmark, p. v. in the above tn., 1^4 mis. N. of jMadison. Pop., 270. Denmark, p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. Denmark, tn. in Oxford co., Me. Pop., 1,060. Denmark, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. E. of Brownlield. Denmark, tn. in Tuscola co., Mioh. Pop., 816. Denmark, p. o. in the above tn. Denmark, tn. in Washington co., Minn. Pop., 824. Denmark, p. o. in La Fayette co., Miss. Denmark, tn. in Lewis co., N. Y. Pop., 2,109. Denmark, p. v. in the above tn., near the Black R., and 9 mis. N. of Lowville. Denmark, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 544. Denmark, p. o. in the above tn. Denmark, v. in Morrow co., Ohio, i}4 mis. N. of Mt. Gilead, the co. seat. Denmark, p. v. in Madison co., Tenn., 14 mis. from Jackson. Denmark, p. v. in Brown co., Wis., 17 mis. S. E. of Green Bay. Denning, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 1,044. Denning, p. o. in the above tn., near the source of 1 he Neversink R. Denning's, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Dennis, p. o. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Dennis, tn. in Somerset co.. Me. Pop. 37. Dennis, tn. in Barnstable co., Mass. Pop., 3,'i69. Dennis, p. v. in the above tn., near the shore of Cape Cod B., and 7 mis. K. E. of Barn- stable. Dennis, tn. in Cape May co., N. J. Pop. 1,640. Dennis Mills, p. o. in St. Helena parish. La. Dennison, p. o. in Clark CO., 111. Denuison, p. v. in Ottawa co., Mich., on the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., 17 mis. W. of Grand Rapids. Dennison, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgli, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 92 mis. from Pittsburgh, Pa. Pop. about 400. Denirison, tn. in Luzerne co. Pa. Pop. 972. Dennis Port, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on Cape Cod Peninsula and on the sea-coast, 3 mis. from N. Harwich. Dennisville,p. v. in Cape Mayco, N. J., 4 mis. S. of Portersburg on the Cape May R. R., 2 mis. S. E. of South Dennis. Denny, p. o. in Warren co.. 111. Denny, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. Dennysville, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 488. Dennysville, p. v. in the above tn., 16]4 nils. W. of Eastport. Denson's Lianding', p. o. in Perry co., Tenn. Dent, tn. in San Joaquin co., Cal. Pop., 1,115. Dent, CO. in Mo., E. central part. Pop., 6,357; in 1860, 5,654. The surface is broken and in some parts rough, being situated in the Ozark region. The co. is drained by the head watera of the Meramec R. and several small tribu- taries of the Current R.; the soil is produc- tive and weU adapted to grain and fruit cul- tivation. Iron and copper are found. Sa- lem is the CO. seat. Agr. productions iu in 1870: Wheat, 55.024 bush.;rye, 2,034 bush.; In- dian-corn, 215,693 bush.; oats, 53,042 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,539 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,572 bush.; to- bacco, 26,770 lbs.; butter, 58,538 lbs.; hay, 988 tons. Cash value of farms, $764,040. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $362,180. Value of manufactures, $64,850. Dent, tn. in Iron co., Mo. Pop., 417. Dent, p. V. in Hamilton co., Ohio, 8^ mis. N. W. of Cincinnati. Dent, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Denton, co. in Tex., N. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 7,251 ; in 1860, 5,031. The co. con- sists of fertile prairies, and is traversed by the Cross Timbers. The streams wliich drain the CO. are the head waters of the Trinity R., as Big and Little Elm Crs., Clear Cr., Hickory Cr. and Denton's Fork. Denton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 18,- 216 bush.; rye, 406 bush.; Indian-corn, 173,510 bush ; oats, 41,060 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,831 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,826 bush.; cotton, 674 bales; but- ter, 37,409 lbs.; hay 87 tons. Cash value of farms, $585,972. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $341,604. Value of manufactures, $34,150. ^Denton, p. v. and the co. seat of Caroline co., Md., on the Choptank R., 6 mis. S. of Ridgely, m\ the Maryland & Delaware R. R., and 25 mis. S. W. of Dover, Del. Two newspapers. Denton, p. v. in Wayne co,, Mich., on the Michigan Central R. R., 23 mis. W. of Detroit. Denton, v. in Lancaster co., Nebr., on the DENTON. 172 DES :\IOINSS. Burlington & Missouri River R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Lincoln. •Denton, p. v. and the co. seat of Denton co., Tex., 59 mis. from Marshall. Pop. 361. Denton, v. in Hanover co., Va., 19 mis. N. "W. of Kichmoncl. Dent's Run, p. v. in Elk co., Pa.,9Umls. N.W. of Driftwood on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R. Denuda, tn. in Jo Daviess co., 111. Pop. 801. "Denver, city, the co. seat of Arapahoe co. and the capital of Colo. ; is beautifully situated on a plain stretching along the eastern base of the Rocky Mts., and on the Platte R., where It is joined by Cherry Cr. By the Denver Pa- cific R. R. it IS connected with Cheyenne on the Union Pacific R. R., 106 mis. N. of it, and by the Kansas Pacific R. R. with St. Lonis, Mo., 922 mis. E. of it. The city is substantially and elegantly built, and contains the govern- ment offices, the headquarters of the military division, a United States branch mint, and is the seat of the Colorado Serainarj^ and a Ro- man Catholic academy. It is the commer- cial emporium of the territory, and large amounts of the precious metals, produced from t lie numerous mines in the mountains, are shipped here. Pop., 4,759. It has 12 news- papers. Denver, p. v. in Hancock co.. 111., on the Keo- kuk Branch of the Toledo, "VVabasli & Western R. R., 10 nils. S. of Carthage. Denver, tn. in Richland co.. 111. Pop., 952. Denver, p. v. in Miami co., Ind., on the Chica- go, Cincinnati & Louisville R. R., 8 mis. N. of Peru. Denver, p. v. in Bremer co., Iowa, 9 mis. S. E. of Waverly Citv. Denver, tn. in Newavgo co., Mich. Pop., 777. Denver, p. v. in the above tn., 19 mis. N. \V. of Newavgo. Denver, p. v. in Worth CO., Mo. Denverton, tn. in Solano co., Cal. Pop., 470. Denverton, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. E. of Suisun City. Denville, p. v. in Morris co., N. J., at the in- tersection of the Boonton R. R. with the Morris & Essex R. R., 5 mis. W. of Roonton. Depauville, p. v. iii Jetterson co., N. Y., on the Chaumont R., I> mis. N. El. of Chaumont, on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg R. R. De I*ere, tn. in Brown co., Wis. Pop., 2,800. *De Pere, p. v. in tlie above tn.,on Fox R., and the Milwaukee & Northern R. R., 11 mis. S. S. W. of Green B. The river is navi- gable to this point, and att'ords much water- power, which is used for manufacturing pur- poses. Pop., 1,.372. One newspaper. De Peyster, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 1,183. De Peyster, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. of Heiivclton, on the Rome, Watertown & Og- densburg R. R. •Deposit, p. V. in Broome co., N. Y., on the Erie R. R. and on the Coquago R., 177 mis. from New York ; has extensive tanneries. The freight liouses of the railroad company are located here. Pop., 1,286. One newspaper. Dcptford, tn. in Gloucester co., N. J. Pop., 4,6();5. De Pne, p. v. in Bureau co.. 111., on the rhica- go. Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 9% mis. W. of Peru. Depnty. p. v. in .Jefferson co., Ind., on a branch of the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 14 mis. S. of Nortli Vernon. Derby, tn. in New Haven co.. Conn. Pop., 8,020. ♦Derby, p. v. in the above tn., at the junction of the Housatonic and Naugatuck Rs., and on the Naugatuck R. R., lOi^ mis. N. of Stratford ; Is connected ))y a railroad with New IIa-\^n, 11 mis. distant. It has several manufactones and is connected by a bridge with Birming- ham. Pop., 3,186. Derby, p. v. in Perry co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 15 mis. K. £. of Cannelton. Derby, p. o. in Lucas co., Iowa. Derby, tn. in Orleans co., Vt. Pop., 2,039. ♦Derby, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. E. of West Derby, on the Connecticut & Passumpsic Riv- ers R. R. *Derby L.lne, p. v. in Orleans co., Vt., 4 mis. N. of Durby, and near the boundarj' of Cana- da. It has manufactories. Derinda, tn. in Jo Daviess co.. 111. Derinda, p. v. in the above tn., 19 mils, from Galena. Derinda Centre, p. o. in the above tn. Dernnm, tn. in Randolph co., Ark. Pop., 1.761. De Roctae, p. o. in Clark co.. Ark. Derry, tir. in Pike co.. 111. Pop., 1,327. Derry, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 1,809. Derry, p. v. in the above tn., ]4 mle. N. E. of Derry Depot. Derry, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,824. Derry, tn in Miftlin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,901. Derry, tn. in Montour co.. Pa. Pop., 888. Derry, tn. in Westmoreland co., Pa. Pop., .5,170. Derry Chnrcb, p. v. in Dauphin co.. Pa., on the Lebanon Valley R.R.,1.3V4 mis. E. of Harrisburg. Derry De|»ot, p. v. in Rockingham co., N. H., on the Manchester & Lawrence R. R., 11 mis. S. E. of Manchester, and 15 mis. from Law- rence, Mass. Derryname, tn. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Pop., 759. Derry Station, p. v. in Westmoreland CO., Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 7J^ mis. S. of Branch Junction. De Rnyter, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Pop., 2,009. De Rnyter, p. v. In the above tn., on a branch of the New York & Oswego Midland R. R. Has one newspaper. De Sair Station, p. o. in St. John Baptist parish. La. Des Are, p. v. in Prairie co., Ark., on the White R., ,50 mis. N. E. of Little Rock. Has one newspaper. Des Arc, tn. in White co.. Ark. Pop., 861. Des Arc, p. o. in Iron co.. Mo. Des Chntes, p. v. in Wasco co., Oreg., 28 mis. S. E. of the Dalles. Deselni, p. o. in Kankakee co.. 111. Deseret, p. o. in Millard co., Utah. Desha, CO. in Ark., S. E. part. Area about 750 sq. nils. Pop., 6,125, in 1860, 6,159. The Mis- sissippi R. forms the eastern boundary. Tlie Arkansas and White Rs. traverse the co. The surface Is level and so low that it would be subject to innundation if it were not protect- ed b.v levees. The soil is exceedingly fertile. Napoleon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870; Wheat, 380 bush.; Indian-corn, 94,797 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,041 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,- 3S7bush.; cotton, 8,106 bales. Cash value of farms, $'.)76,.504. Total, estimated, value of all farm pi'Oductions, including additions to .stock, etc., .$721,345. Value of manufactures, 6i27,4.iO. Deshler, p. o. in Henry co., Ohio. Des Moines, co. in Iowa, S. E. part. Area, 407 sq. nils. Pop., 27,2,56 ; in 1860, 19,611. This county is separated from 111. by the Missis- sippi il. The surface is diversified and the sou is excellent. The Burlington and Missis- sippi River R R. has its terminus at Burling- ton, the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "Wheat, 221,234 bush.; rye, 16.339 bush.; Indian- corn 887,138 bush.; oats, 208,.833 bush.; Irish pot's, 98,269 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,780 bush.; wool, 69,8.59 lbs.; butter, 478,878 lbs.; hay, 24,4a7 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,709,607. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- elmling additions to stock, etc., $1,753,0-25. Value of manufactures, $2,010,299. Des Moines, tn. in Boone co., Iowa. Pop., 5,241. DES MOINES. 273 DETROIT. DCS Moines, tn. in Pocaliontas CO., Iowa. Pop.,2o(>. I»es Moines, tn. in Dallas ec, Iowa. Pop., 802. J>es Moines, tn. in Jasper CO., Iowa. Pop., 2,105. J>e9 Moines, tn. in Jefferson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,280. I>es Moines, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,104. I>es Moines, tn. in Blahaska co., Iowa. Pop., 1.101. Des Moines, tn. in VanBurenco., Iowa. Pop., 1,078. *l»es Moines, city, co. seat of Polk co. and capital of Iowa, at the junction of tlie llac- coon and Dcs Moines Rs., and on the Cliicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 174 mis. from Da- venport and ;i57 mis. from Cliicaao. The city has a beautiful location on rising ground, so as to afford fine residence sites. The princi- pal public buildings are the United States Court House, Post-oflice and State House. The foundation has been laid for a new State House, which will cost $3,000,000. It has an active commerce and several extensive man- ufactories, as machine shops, a paper mill, iron foundries, etc. In 1850 it liad 502 inhabitants ; in 1880, 3,985, and in 1870, 12,035, of whom 9,357 were natives Of the United States, and 2,478 of foreign countries. It has excellent educational estab- lishments, including five high schools and an academy. The number of papers published is four- teen, of which the " Iowa State Register" and the "'Des Moines State Leader" aro the most important dailies. Des Moines, tn. in Jackson co., Minn. Pop., 548. Des Moines, tn. in Clarke co.. Mo. Pop., 1,235. Des Moines River, a tributary of the Missis- sippi R. ; rises in Murray CO., Minn., and flow- ing S. E., intersects the state of Iowa, empty- ing near Keokuk. It is at present not navi- fable, but may be made so for about 200 mis. y the removal of the obstructions in its hed. Its upper course passes throufjh rolling prairies ; but below Des Moines it tiows in a deep valley of erosion, with high precipitous sides. Its principal tributaries are the East Fork, Skunk Cr. and Indian Cr., entering from the N., and Raccoon R., Kortli R. and Middle R. froni the W. De Soto, V. in Floyd co., Ga. De Soto, tn. in Jackson co., 111. Pop., 1,433. De Soto, p. V. in the above tn., on the Illinois Central R. R., 7 mis. N. of Carbondalc. *De Soto, p. V. in Dallas co., Iowa, on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 20 mis. \V. of Des Moines, in a rich farming district. DeSoto, p. V. in Johnson CO., Kans.,Imle. from. Lenape. De Soto, V. in Madison parish, La., on the Mississippi R. De Soto, parish in La., N. W. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 14,932 ; in 1860, 13,298. The sur- face is level ; the soil fertile. There aro a number of lakes along the N. E. boundary, which are connected by Jim's R. Sabine R. forms part of the western boiindary, separat- ing it trom Texas. Mansfield is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 321,- 365 busti.: Irish pot's, .300 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,280 bush.; cotton, 15,809 bales. Cash value of farms, $1,190,.598. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,702,430. Value of manufactures, $128,080. De Soto, p. V. in Clark co.. Miss., on the Mo- bile & Ohio R. R., 104 mis. K. of Mobile, Ala. De Solo, p. V. in Jefferson co., Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mt. R. R 43 mis. S. of St. Louis. De Soto, CO. in Miss., In . W. part, bordering on Tenn. Pop., 32,021; in 1860, 23,333, The sur- face is nearly level and the soil highly pro- ductive. Agriculture is almost exclusively the pursuit of the inhabitants. Hernando is 18 the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2-5,048 bush.; rye, 264 bush.; Indian-corn, 741,- 363 bush.; oats, 9,380 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,387 bush., sweet pot's, 72,977 bush.; cotton, 24,118 bales ; butter, 191,543 lbs. Cash value of farms, $4,670,763. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions,including additions to stock, etc., .$3,119,589. Value of manufactures, $188,659. De Soto, tn. in Washington co., Nebr. Pop., 288. De Soto, p. V. in the above tn., on the Missouri R. and the Omaha & Korthwestern R. R., 26 mis. from Omaha. De Soto, p. V. in Vernon co.. Wis., on the Mi.g- sissippi R., 22 mis. S. W. of Viroqua and mid- way between La Crosse and Prairie du Chlen. One newspaper. De Soto Front, p. o. in De Soto co., Miss. Desotoville, p. v. in Choctaw co., Ala., 14 mis. N. by W. of Butler, the co. seat. Des Peres, p. v. in St. Louis co.. Mo., 3 mis. from Barrett Station. Des Plaines, p. v. in Cook co.. 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 17 mis. N. W. of Chicago. Des Plaines Blver, rises in Racine co., S. B. Wis., and flowing first to the S. and then to the S. W., joins the Kankakee R. near Dres- den, Grundy co.. 111., to form the Illinois R. Detonr, p. o. in Chippewa co., Mich. Detroit, p. o. in Sandford co., Ala. Detroit, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop., 1,058. Detroit, p. V. in the above tn., on the Illinois R., 8 mis. S. by E. of Griggsville. ♦Detroit, p. v. in Dickinson co., Kans., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 90 mis. W. of Topeka, in a rich farming and stock-raising region. Detroit, tn. in Somerset co.. Me. Pop., 690. Detroit, p. v. in the above tn., near the Maine Central R. R., 31 mis. W. of Bangor. ♦Detroit, city, port of entry and the co. seat of Wayne co., "Mich., on the Detroit R., 7 mis. below Lake St. Clair, and 18 mis. above Lake Erie; is the eastern terminus of the Michigan Central R. R., and the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., the northern terminus of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., and the western terminus of the Grand Trunk R. R. of Canada. It is 284 mis. E. of Chicago and 361 mis. W. of Buffalo. The city extends along the river for about 3 mis., and is built up for about 2^^ mis. trom its banks. The streets are wide and lined with shade trees. Several broad avenues ra- diate from the Grand Circus as from a com- mon center, while other streets intersect each other at right angles. This double plan pro- duces a number of small triangular parks, which give a picturesque appearance to many- localities. D. has many beautiful churches, handsome private residences, which are often surrounded by gardens and parks, and splen- did stores. The chief public buildings are the U. S. Custom House, in which is also the Post- office ; the Board of Trade building, and the Freight Depot of the Michigan Central R. R., an enormous structure 1,250 feet long, and 103 feet wide, forining a single room without par- titions or pillars. Detroit was founded by the French in 1670. In 1830 it had a population of 2,2..i2 ; in 1840, of 9,102 ; in 18.50 of 21 ,019 ; in 1860 of 45,619, and m 1870 of 79,577, of whom 44,196 were natives and 35,381 foreigners. The latter included 7,724 natives of British America; 760 of France: 12,647 of Germany ; 3,282 of England ; 6,970 of Ireland, and 1,637 of Scotland. It is a city of great commercial importance, and ships immense quantities of grain, wool, pork and other products of the state ; also copper ore from the mines in the northern peninsula. The number of enrolled and licens- ed vessels in 1871 was 361, which had a tonnage of 78.014. The number of clearances (coast- wise) was 1,196 steamers with 698,897 tons, and 1,675 sailing vessels with 205,881 tons ; and the DETROIT CITY. 274 DIANA. number of entries was 1,078 steamers with 653,- 179 tons, and 1,353 sailing vessels with 169,790 tons. The manufactures of Detroit are highly important, and include lumber, cars and carriages, clothing, melted copper, flour and meal, sawed lumber, tobacco and cigars. The school system is excellent, and the school edifices j,ustly famous. There were 112 schools in 23 buildings, with 143 teachers and 11,252 enrolled pupils, out of a total school population of 26,G41. Thirty newspapers and periodicals are pub- lished in Detroit, of which the following have the most extensive circulation : " Tribune," " Free Press," "Post," "Union," and "Michi- gan Journal." Detroit City, p. v. in Becker co., Minn., 29 mis. N. W. of Otter Tail City. One news- paper. Detroit River is the outlet of Lake St. Clair ancl empties into Lake Erie. (See Lake Erie. ) .*Devall's Bluff, p. v. and the co. seat of Prai- rie CO., Ark., on the White R. and the Mem- phis & Little Rock R. R., 48 mis. E. of Little Rock and 87 mis. from Memphis. It is the center of trade for a cotton growing district, and has two newspapers. Devasaiv, tn. in Grant co.. Ark. Pop., 359. Devereaux, p. o. in Jackson co., Mich. Deveraux Station, p. o. in Hancock co., Ga. De "View, tn. in Woodruff co., Ark. Pop., 1,204. De View, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. E. of Augusta. Dewald, p. o. in Noble co., Minn. Dewart, p. v. in Northumberland co.. Pa., on the Northern Central R. R., 7 mis. N. of Mil- ton. Dewey, tn. in La Porte co., Ind. Pop., 202. De Witt, p. V. and the co. seat of Arkansas co.. Ark., 70 mis. S. E. of Little Rock and 45 mis. S. W. of Helena ; is surrounded by a produc- tive farming region and has one newspaper. De Witt, CO. in 111., central part. Area, 670 sq. mis. Pop., 14,768 ; in 1860, 10,820. The surface is generally level and the soil very productive and well ailapted for grain. It is drained by an affluent of the Sangamon R. The Illinois Central R. R. passes through it from N. to S. Clinton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 118,188 bush.; rye, 11,540 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,311,635 bush.; oats, 21(),7o6bush.; Irish pot's, 88,120 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,084 bush.; butter, 341,456 lbs.; hay, 20,289 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,R52,110. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,990,119. Value of manufactures, $404,941. De Witt, tn. in De Witt CO., 111. Pop., 1,061. De Witt, p. V. in the above tn., on the Gilman, Clinton & Springfield R. R., 44 mis. from Spx-ingtteld. De Witt, tn. in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 3,16S. *De Witt, p. V. in the above tn., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 19 mis. AV. of Clinton and 157 mis. W. of Chicago, and on the Maquoketa Branch of tlie Davenport & St. Paul R. R. It is an important center of trade. Pop., 1,740. One newspaper. De Witt, tn. in Clinton co , l\Iich. Pop., 1,306. *De Witt, p. V. in Clinton co., Mich., on the Looking Glass R., 9 mis. N. of Lansing. The water-power of the river is used in several mills. *De Witt, p. V. in Carroll co., Mo., on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R., 7 mis. from Brunswick and 46 mis. from Moberly Junction. Pop., 317. Do Witt, y). V. in Saline co., Nebr., on the Bur- lington & Missouri River R. R., 18 mis. from Cr(!te. Do Witt, tn. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 3,10.5. De Witt, p. V. in the above tn., near the New York Central R. R., 5 mis. E. of Syracuse. De Witt, CO. in Tex., S. E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 6,443 ; in 1860, 5,100. The surface is undulating ; the soil fertile. It is intersected by the San Marcos R. and its tributaries, San- dies Cr., Coleto Cr. and others. Clinton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian- corn, 107,896 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,402 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,583 tausli. ; cotton, 541 bales ; but- ter, 55,.523 lbs.; hay 12 tons. Cash value of farms, $478,823. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $225,673. Value ot manufactures, $93.a50. De Witt Centre, p. o. in the above tn. De Wittville, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on Chautauqua Lake, 5 mis. S. E. of Mayville. Dexter, jj. o. in Perry co., Ind. *Dexter, p. v. in Dallas co., Iowa, on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 35 mis. from Des Moines. It is engaged in agriculture, and has one newspaper. Dexter, p. v. in Cowley CO., Kans., 6 mis. S. of Jefi'ersonville. Dexter, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 2,875. *Dexter, p. v. in the above tn.; is tlie N. termi- nus of the Newport & Dexter R. R., 14 mis. N. of Newport. It lies on a brancli of the Sebas- ticook R., which affords ample water-power. Numerous woollen mills and other manufac- tories. One newspaper. Dexter, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 889. *Dexter, p. v. in the above tn., on the Michigan Central R. R., 9 mis. W. N. W. of Ann Arbor. It lies at the junction of Mill Cr. and the Hu- ron R., which afford much water-power ; it has numerous mills, and is a thriving place. Pop., 1,161. Dexter, tn. in Mower co., Minn. Pop., 120. Dexter, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., 2 mis. S. of Limerick and 9 mis. W. of Watertown. Dexter, p. o. in Meigs CO., Ohio. Dexter, p. o. in Coofe co., Tex. Dexter City, p. o. in Stoddard CO.. Mo. Dexter City, p. v. in Noble co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Pittsburgh R. R., 26 mis. from Marietta. Dey 's liandin^, p. o. in Seneca co., N. Y. D'Hanis, p. o. in Medina co., Tex. Dheinsville, p. v. in Washington CO., Wis. Dialton, p. o. in Clark co., Ohio. Diamond, p. o. in Grundy Co., 111. Diamond, p. o. in Venango Co., Pa. Diamond, )■>. o. in .luab co., Utah. Diamond BIuir,tn. in Pierce CO., Wis. Pop.,475. Diamond Bluff, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississiiipi R., 14 mis. S. E. of Prescott. Diamond City, p. o. in .lasper co.. Mo. Diamond City, p. v. and the co. seat of Meagh- er CO., Mont., in a valley of the Belt Mts., 31 mis. E. of Helena. There are rich gold mines in the neighborhood. Pop., 460. Diamond Creels, tn. in Chase co., Eans. Pop., 469. Diamond Cross, p. o. in Randolph co., HI. Diamond CJrove, p. o. in Jasper co., Mo. Diamond Hill, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. Diamond Hill, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., 7 mis. N. of Valley Falls. Diamond Liake, p. v. in Lake co., 111., S m.ls. from Rockland. Diamond Sloantains, a range in Lander co^ Nev.; trend N. and S. and separate Diamond Valley from Huntington Valley. Diamond Peak, a lofty mountain in the Cas- cade Range, Oreg., near the head waters of the Willamette It. Diamond Spring, tn. in El Dorado co., Cal. Poi)., 1,0.55. Diamond Springy, p. v. in the above tn. 7 mis. N. E. of Shingle Springs. Diamond Sprinj^s, p. o. in Morris co., Kons. Diamond Springs, p. o. in Allegan CO., Mich. Diana, tn. in Lewis co., N. Y. Pop., 1,778. Diana, p. o. in the above tn. DIANA MILLS. 275 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Diana Mills, p. o. in Buekingliam CO., Va. Bias Creefc, p. v. in Cape May co., N. J., 3 mis. W. of Cape May Court House. Dick, p. o. in La Fayette co., Mo. Dickeiisonville, p. o. in Russell co., Va. Dicltersoiiville, p. o. in Niagara co., N. Y. DieUeysville, p. o. in Grant co.. Wis. Dickey ville, tn. in Aroostook co., Me. Pop., 1,851. Dickey ville, p. o. in the above tn. Dickinson, co. in Iowa, N. W. part. Area, 4'J5 sq. mis. Pop., 1,3S9; in 18G0, 180. The sur- face is rolling prairie land and the soil mod- erately fertile. This county contains many small lakes. The United States military road from the mouth of Sioux R. to St. Paul passes through the S. E. part. Spirit Lake is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 21,871 bush.; iiidian-corn, 5,'247 bush.; oats, 20,511 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,220 bush.; wool, 945 lbs.; butter, 2(;,555 lbs.; hay, 3,2(57 tons. Cash value of farms, $225,950. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $91,710. Dickinson, co. in Kans., central part. Area, 475 sq. mis. Pop., 3,013 ; in 18ti0, 378. It is in- tersected by the Kansas R. in the central part, along the shores of which passes the Kansas Pacific R. R. It is drained by many small afBuents of the Kansas. Abilene is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 55,312 bush.; rye, 917 bush.; In{\ian-corn, 97,015 bush.; oats, 2l"(5-28 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,349 biish.; sweet pot's, 393 bush.; butter, 41,l(jllbs.; hay, 11,115 tons. Cash value of farms, $t)3o,112. Total, estimated, value of all farm pi-oduc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $181,- 152. Value of manufactures, $99,418. Dickinson, tn. in Franklin co., N. Y. Pop., 1,990. Dickinson, p. o. in the above tn. Dickinson, tn. in Cumberland CO., Pa. Poi)., 1,617. Dickinson, p. v. in the above tn., 9^ mis. S. W. of Carlisle. Dickinson Centre, p. v. in Franklin co., N. Y., 8U mis. S. of Moira. Dickihson''s, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Dick Johnson, tn. in Clay co., lud. Pop., 8U8. Dicksbnr^, v. in Knox co., Ind., 1 mle. from Deckers. Dick's Creek, p. o. in Dallas co., Mo. Dickson, borough in Luzerne CO., Pa. Pop., 391. Depot on Pennsylvania Central R. R.,9 mis. W. of Mt. Union." Dickson, co. in Tenn., N. W. central part. Area, 050 sq. mis. Pop., 9,349; in 1860, 9,982. The surface is undulating; the soil moder- ately fertile. The Cumberland R. washes the >r. E. corner. It is also drained by Harpeth R. and other affluents of the Cumberland. The Xasli ville & Northwestern R. R. passes through the S. part from E. to. \V. Charlotte is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 36,130 bush.; rye, 721 bush.: Indian- corn, 319,085 bush.; oats, 58,810 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,584 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,551 busli.; tobacco, 462,130 lbs.; butter 98,798 lbs.; hay, 436 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,381,330. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $533,057. Value of manufactures, $333,610. Dickson, p. v. in Colbert co., Ala., on the IMom- phis & Charleston R. R., 19 mis. W. of Tus- cumbia. Dickson, p. o. in Benton co.. Ark. Dickson, tn. in Edwards' co., 111. Pop., 526. Dickson, tn. in Lewis co., Mo. Pop., 204. Dickson, p. v. in Dickson co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Northwestern R. R., 42 mis. W. of Nashville. Dicksontonrg'h, p. v. in Crawford co., Pa., on the Beaver & Erie Canal, 4 mis. S. of Con- neautville. Dickson's Cross Roads, p. o. in Bossier par- ish. La. Dido, p. o. in Choctaw co.. Miss. Diehlstadt, p. v. in Scott co.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 11 mis. S. of Morlev. Dificuit, p. o. in Smith CO., Tenn. Dighton, tn. in Bristol CO., Mass. Pop., 1,817. Dig-hton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Taiin- ton R. and the Dighton & Somerset R. R., 6 mis. S. of Taunton. Dillard's Wharf, p. o. in Surry CO., Va. Dillersville, v. in Lancaster co., Pa.; is the eastern terminus of the Columbia Branch of the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 71 mis. W. of Philadelphia. Lancaster is the p. o. Dille's Bottom, p. o. in Belmont co., Ohio. Dillingersville, p. v. in Lehigh co.. Pa., 5J^ mis. S. of Emaus on the East Pennsylvania R. R. Dillon, tn. in Klamath CO., Cal. Pop., 79. Dillon, tn. in Tazewell co.. 111. Pop., 1,126. Dillon, p. o. in the above tn. Dillon, p. o. in Dickinson co., Kans. Dillon's Run, p. o. in Hampshire CO., W. Va. Dillsboroug-h, p. v. In Dearborn co., Ind., near the Ohio & Missouri R. R., 10 mis. W. 8. W. of Aurora. Dillsbnrgh, p. v. in Y'ork CO., Pa., 8 mis. S. of Mechanicsburg on Cumberland the Valley R.R. Dilworthtown, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 9}^ mis. .s. of West Chester. Diinmick, tn. in La Salle CO., 111. Pop., 1,222. Diinook, tn. in Susquehanna CO., Pa. Pop.,1,124. Dlniock, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. of Montrose. Dinion, p. o. in Leavenworth co., Kans. Diinondalc, p. o. in Eaton co., Mich. Din^inan, tn. in Pike co.. Pa, Pop., 519. Din^nian's Ferry, p. v. in Pike co.. Pa., on the Delaware R., 8 mis. S. W. of Milford. Dinsinore, tn. in Shelby co., Ohio. Pop., 1,700. Dinsinore, p. v. in the above tn., on the Dayton and Michigan R. R., 11 mis N. of Sidney. Dinsniore, p. o. in Washington co.. Pa. Dinwiddle, co. in Va., S. 8. E. part. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 30,702; in 1860, 30,198. It borders in the S. W. on the Nottoway R., and in the N. on the Appomattox R. Namazine Cr. and Stony Cr. drain the co. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The, Petersburg & Weldon R. R. passes through the CO. Dinwiddle Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 39,869 bush.; rye, 424 bush.; Indian-corn, 170,712 bush.; oats, 57,079 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,123 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,894 bush.; tobacco, 844,.504 lbs.; butter, 37,421 lbs.: hav, 1,232 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,384,876. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $464,837. Value of manufactures, $4,195,281. Dinwiddle Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of Dinwiddle co., Va., 14 mis. S. W. of Petersburgh. Diorta, p. o. in Coles CO., 111. Diri^o, p. V. in Kennebec CO., Me., 15 mis. N. E. of Augusta. Dirt Town, p. v. in Chattooga co., Ga., 16 mis. from Rome. Disco, p. o. in Hancock CO., 111. Disco, p. V. in Macomb co., Mich., 13 mis. N. W. of Mt. Clemens, the co. seat. Discord, p. o. in Woodbury co., Iowa. Dismal, p. o. in Sampson co., N. C. Dismal Swamp, in Nansemond and Norfolk cos.,Va.; is about 30 mis. long, and from 10 to 14 mis. wide. Lake Drummond, measuring about 6 sq. mis., lies near the center of this swamp. Dispatch, p. o. in New Kent co., Va. Dispntanta, p. o. in Prince George co., Va. Ditiiev Hill. p. o. in Dubois co., Ind. DISTRICT OF COL,UMBIA.— In 1790 Md. and Va. ceded a square tract of land, 10 mis. DISTRICT. 276 DODDRIDGE. long and wide, to the United States, as a site for the national capital. Tliis tract was named the Pistrict of Columbia. In 1846 that part of the District wliicli lies S. of tho Potomac R. was retrocedcd to Va., and since then the northern, or Md., portion, forms the national district, inclnrling the capital of the country (the city of Washington), and also the city of Georgetown. In its present extent it has an area of G4 sq. mis., and is bounded on the S. by the Potomac R., and on tlie N. W. and N. E. by the state of Maryland. The eastern portion of It is low and level, the western hilly and ele- vated. Tlie East Potomac R., and Roclv Cr. wliichsepai-ates the municipalities of Wasliing- ton and Georgetown from eacli other, are tlie only streams of importance whicli traverse the District, and empty into the Potomac. Tlie population of the District was, in 1800, 14,093; in ISIO, '24,023; in 1820, 83,039; in 1830, 39,- 834; In 1840, 43,712 ; in 18.j0, 51,087 ; in 1850, 75,080, and in 1870, 131,700. The last number includes 88,278 whites; 43,404 colored persons, 3 Chinese and 15 Indians. The white population consisted of 72,107 na- tives of tlie United States ; 705 of British Ameri- ca ; 231 of France; 4,918 of Germany; 1,418 of England ; 8,218 of Ireland ; 351 of Scotland, etc. The soil of the District is productive, and in 1870 the farms included S,2(;(; acres of improved land ; 2,428 acres of woodland, and 983 acres of unimproved land. The cash value of farms was $3,800,230; of agricultural implements, $39,450; of farm productions, including additions to Stock, $319,517 ; and of all live stock, $114,910. The principal farm productions were 3,782 bush. of winter wheat ; 3,724 bush, of rye ; 28,020 busli. of Indian-corn ; 8,.500 bush, of oats ; 27,307 bush. of Irish pot's.; 5,790 bush, of sweet pot's.; 4,495 lbs. of butter, and 2,019 tons of hay. Tlie number of mannfacturing establishments was 952, wliicli employed steain-ongines of 789 horse-power; water-wheels ot 1,100 horse-power, and 4,685 operators. The capital invested was ^(5,021,925; tlie wages paid, $2,007,000; the cost of raw materials consumed, $4,754,883, and tlie total value of products, $9,292,173. The principal ar- ticles produced were : Flour and meal, $1,543,570 ; iron castings, $131,405; leatlier, $134,475; malt liquor, $108,950; planed lumber, $177,000; ma- cliinery, $157,250; tin, copper and sheet-iron ware, $246,157, and printed pulilieations, $568,830. An act of Congress, approved in February, 1871, provided a territorial government for tlie District, consisting of a Governor and a Council of eleven members, appointed bvthe President for four years, and a House of Delegates, con- sisting of twenty-two members, elected by the people. The judiciary consists of the Sninemc Court of tlie District of Columbia, Avhicli Avas established in 1803, and is coni))osed of four jus- tices, who are appointed by the President of the United States. This court has general iuris- diction in law and equity and appellate juris- diction in all judgments of the justices of the peace of the District. It liolds three general terms annually at Washington. The entire District constitutes the co. of Washington, of which the city of Washington is the CO. seat. District, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 724. l>itney Hill, p. o. in Dubois co., Ind. I>ittinei'''s Store, p. o. in Jefferson co., Mo. )>ivide, p. o. in Deer Lodge co., Mont. l>iviaiii^; €reek, p. v. in Cumljerland co., N. J., 17 mis. S. S. E. of Bridgeton. nividin^- Kidg'e, p. o. in Pendleton co., Ky. l>ivi(liii^ Kidg;e, p. o. in Somerset co.. Pa.' l>ix, tn. in Ford co., HI. Pop., 782. l>ix, p. V. in Jellerson co., 111., 10 rals. N. of Mount Vernon. I>ix, tn. in Schuyler CO., N. V. Pop., 4,282. T>ixfield, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 1,049. Dixficld, p. V. in the above tn., on the Andros- coggui 11., 10>^ mis. N. W. of Canton. Dixfield Centre, p. o. in Oxford co.. Me, I>ixie, p. o. in Bossier parish. La. Dixmout, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 1.309. Dixmont, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. E. of Unity. Dixnioiit, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., on the Pittsbugh. Fort Wayne &Cliicago R. R.. 13 mis. N. W. of Pittsburgh, and on tlie Ohio R. Dixmont Centre, p. o. in Penobscot co , Me. Dixon, p. V. in Solano co., Cal., on tho Calfor- nia Pacific R. R., 63 mis. from San Francisco. Pop. about 200. Dixon, p. v. in Dawson co., Ga., 50 mis. N. N. E. of Atlanta. Dixon, tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., 4,687. *Dixon, citj' and tlio co. seat of Leo CO., HI., on the Rock R. and at the intersection or tlie Illinois Central R. R. with the Cliicago & Northwestern R. R., 103 mis. S. of Dunleith and 98 mis. W. of Cliicago. Tlie river affords extensive water-power, which is employed in driving numerous mills. Pop., 4,055. Three newspapers. Dixon, p. v. in Scott co., Iowa, on the Daven- port & St. Paul R. R., 25 mis. from Davenijort. Pop. about 100. Dixon, p. o. in Coffey CO., Ivans. Dixon, p. V. and the co. seat of Webster co., Ky., 21 mis. from Caseyville. Pop., 339. One newspaper. Dixon, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Mo. Dixon, CO. in Nebr., N. E. part. Pop., 1,345, in 1860, 247. It borders in the N. on the Missouri R., and is drained by several small creeks, joining either this large stream or the Elkhorn R., a tributary of the Platte R. The surface is a rolling prairie. The bottoms along the water-courses are very productive. Ponca is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 27,923 bush.; rye, 93 bush.; Indian-corn, 19,725 busli.; oats, 9,507 bush.; Irish pot's, 11, 135 bush.; butter, 2.5,532 lbs.; hay, 4,574 tons. Cash valu? of farms, $187,279. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions t<^ stock, etc., $67,081. Value of manufactures $128,310. Dixon, p V. in Van Wert co., Ohio, on tin. Pittsburgh. Fort Wavnc & Chicago R. R., 12^^ nils. W. N. W of Van' Wert. Dixon, tn. in Prelile co., Ohio. Pop., 1,123. Dixon, p. o. in AVyoming co.. Pa. Dixon, p. o. in Columbia co.. Wis. Dixon's Mills, p. v. in Marengo co., Ala., oi\ Horse Creek. Pop., 120. Dixon's Spring's, p. v. in Trousdale co., Tenn., on the Cumberland R. and 12 mis. from Lebanon. Dixonville, p. o. in Indiana co.. Pa. DoaUsville, p. o. in Clioctaw Nation, Ind. Ter. Dobb's Ferry, p. v. in Westchester co., N". Y., on tlie Hudson R. and the Hudson River R. R., 20 rals. N. of New York. It is a place of residence for oersons doing business in Kew York. Dobson, p. V. and the co. seat of Surrey co., N. C, 55 mis. from Statesville. DocKery, p. o. in Wilkes co., N. C. Doctor Town, p. v. in Wayne co., Ga., on the Atlantic & Gulf R. R., .53 nils. S. W. of Savan- nah. It lies on the Altamaha R. Doddrid$^e, co. in W. Va., N. W. part. Area aljont 300 sq. mis. Pop., 7,070 ; in 1800,5,203. The surface is hilly, though the soil is good, especially in the valleys. The co. is better adapted to grazing than to crop farming. Ilughes R. and Middle Island Or. are the principal streams. West Union is tlie co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1.5,- 879 bush.; rye, 4,196 bush.; Indian-corn, 113,- 004 bush.; oats, 18,723 bush; Irish pot's, 14.167 bush.; sweet pot's, 907 bush.; butter, 113,- 519 lbs.; hav, 4,049 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,586,806. T?otal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock. DODDSVILLE. 277 DONGOLA. etc., $409,511. Value of manufactures, $149,- 293. ^oddsTille, p. o. in Marion co., Arlc. Doddsville, p. v. in Schuyler co., 111., 13 mis. N. X. E. of Rushville. Dotl^e, new co. in Ga.; lias been formed from parts of Pulaski and Telfair cos. The surface is level and the soil highly productive. The Little Ocmulgee R. is the principal stream. The Georgia R. R. passes through the CO. Eartmon is the co. seat. Dodg'C, tn. in Boone CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,297. Dodge, tn. in Dubur|ue co., Iowa. Pop., 979. Dodg'c, tn. in Guthrie co., Iowa. Pop., 293. Dodg'e, p. o. in Guthrie co., Iowa. I>od^e, tn. in Union co., Iowa. Pop., 229. Itodg'e, CO. in Minn., S. E.part. Area,500 sq. mis. Pop., 8,.598 ; in 18G0, 3,797. Tlie surface is level; the soil productive. It is plentifully watered by affluents of the Mississippi R. The Wi- nona & St. Peter R. R. intersects the central part from E. to W., and the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. touches the S. W. corner. Man- torville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheafi, 634,741 bush.; rye, 330 bush.; Indian-corn, 81,277 bush.; oats, 384,528 bush.; Irish pot's, 3!),o59 bush.; butter, 277,667 lbs.; hay, 19,863 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,933,- 717. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,017,813. Value of manufactures, $295,- 732. Dods:c, CO. In Nebr., E. i^art. Pop., 4,212 ; in 1860,309. It borders in the S. on the Platte R. and in the E. on the Elkhoru R. The Union Pacific R. R. intersects the co., following the valley of the Platte. The surface is rolling and consists almost wholly of prairies. Fre- mont is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 86,181 b\ish.; rye, 80 bush.; In- dian-corn, 123,463 hush.; oats, 116,252 bush.; Ii-ish pot's, 13,927 bush.; sweet pot's, 25 bush.; butter, 9,069 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,520,- 300. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1.50,505. Value of ms.nufactures, $119,252. Dodge, CO. in Wis., S. E. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 47,035; in 1860, 42,818. The surface consists of " oak openings," and is finely diversified. The soil is very fertile. Rock R., which has its sources in the'N. E. part of this CO., affords much water-power. TheN. E. por- tiou'of the CO. is intersected by the Milwaukee and St. Paul R. R. Juneau is the co. seat. Agr. productions is 1870 : Wheat, 2,294,538 bush.; rye, 2.5,009 bush.; Indian-corn, 629,020 bush.; oats, 909,043 bush.; Irish pot's, 354,744 bush.; sweet pot's, 472 bush.; buttei', 1,1.53,272 lbs.; hay, 70,258 tons. Cash value of farms, $21,279,847. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includmg. additions to stock, etc., $1,650,142. Value of manufactures, $2,163, 412. Dodge Centre, p. v. in Dodge co., Minn., on the Winona & St. Peter R. R., 6 mis. W. of Kasson. Pop. about 100. Dodge Caty, p. o. in Eord CO., Kana. Dodge City, p. v. in Steele co., Minn., S mis. N. E. of (Jwatonna. Dodge's Corners, p. v. in Waukesha co., Wis., 12 mis. S. of Waukesha. Dodge Station, p. o. in Walker CO., Tex. DodgeviHe, p. v. in Des Moines co., Iowa, mis. N. W. of of Burlington. Dodgeville, tn. in Iowa co., Wis. Pop., 3,708. *Dodgeville, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, 8 mis. N. of Mineral Point. In the vicinity are rich lead and copper mines. Pop., 1,407. One newspaper. Dodson, tn. in Highland co., Oliio. Pop., 1,710. Dodsonville, p. o. in Jackson co., Ala. Dodsonville, p. v. in Highland co., Ohio, 3}4 mis. S. of Lynehburgh. Doe Hill, p. o. in Highland co., Va. Doe Run, p. V. in Chester co.. Pa., 6 mis. S. of Sadsburyville on the Pennsylvania Central R. R. Dog Creek, p. v. Putnam co., Ohio, on the Miami & Erie Canal, 8 mis. N. of Delphos. Dog Tooth, tn. in Alexander co. , 111. Pop., 301. Dog Town, p. o. in McMullen co., Tex. Dogwood, tn. in White co.. Ark. Pop., 513. Doko, p. V. in Fairfield district, S. C, on the Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta R. R., 16 mis. from Columbia. Pop., 50. Dolan, tn. in Cass CO., Mo. Pop., 1,475. Dolan's Rancbc, tn. in Ellis co., If ans. Pop., 17. Dollngton, p. V. in Bucks co.. Pa., 14^.^ mis. N. of Bristol on the Philadelphia & "rrenton R. R. Dolle's Mills, p. o. in Bolinger co.. Mo. Dolson, tn. in Clark co.. 111. Pop., 1,221. Dolten's Station, p. v. in Cook co.. 111., on Indiana & Chicago Division of Pittsbiirgh, Cin- cinnati & St. Louis R. R., 20 mis. S. of Chicago. Dome Mountains, a range in W. Ariz.; trend- ing N. W. and S. E., and terminating on the N. shore of the Gila R. Dona Ana, co. in N. Mex., fornning the S. B. portion of the territory. Pop., 5,864 ; in 1860, 6,239. It is bounded on the W. by the Rio Grande and intersected by the Pecos R. The eastern part consists of arid and broken table- lands. The central is intei-sected by the Sier- ra Sacramento and the Guadalvipe Mts., and the western by the Sierra Soledad and the Organ Mts. The settlements are in the val- ley of the Rio Grande, which has very pro- ductive bottom-lands. Agriculture is the only pursuit of the inhabitants, who mostly are descendants of the early Spanish and Jloxi- can settlers, and speak the Spanish language. The climate is dry and salubrious. Mesilla i3 the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 23,324 bush.; oats, 550 bush.; Indian-corn, 98,- 590 bush.; Irish pot's, 10 bush.; butter, 150 Iba. Cash value of farms, $117,460. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, includinjj additions to stock, etc., $148,615. Value ot manufactures, $191,851. Dona Ana, p. v. in the above co., on the Rio Grande R., 10 mis. N. of Mesilla. Pop., 728. Donahue, p. o. in Scott co., Iowa. Donaldson, p. o. in Marshall co., Ind. Donaldson, p. v. in Schuylkill CO., Pa., on the Treiiiont extension R. R., 14 mis. W. S. W. of Pottstown. Donaldsonville, p. v. and the co. seat of As- cension parish, La., on the Mississippi R., 82 mis. above New Orleans. The Bayou La Pourche separates from the river here. It is a shipping place. Pop., 1,573. Two newspa- pers. Donally's Mills, p. v. in Perry co.. Pa., il4 mis. S. W. of Millersto wn Station on the Penn- sylvania Central R. R. Donation, p. o. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Doncaster, p. v. in Charles co., Md., 16 mis. W. of Port Tobacco. Donegal, tn. iu Washington co., Pa. Pop., 2,068. Donegal, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 852. Donegal, tn. in Westmoreland co., Pa. Pop., 1,30 1. Donegal, p. v. in the above tn., WJ^mls.Jf. W. of Somerset. Donelan, p. o. in Dubuque CO., Iowa. Donelson, p. v. in Davidson co., Tenn., on the Tennessee & Pacific R. R., 8 mis. E. of Nash- ville. Donelton, p. o. in Hunt co., Tex. Dongola, tn. in Union co.. 111. Pop., 3,095. Dongola, p. v. in the above tn., on the Illinois Cenlral R. R., 9% mis. S. of Jonesborough. It is engaged in agricultui-e. Dongola, v. in Gibson co., lud., on Patoka Cr., DONIPHAN. 278 DOUBLE WELLS. 131^ mis. E. of Princeton. The p. o. is Oakland Citv. Donipban, co. in Kans., N. E. part. Area, 375 sq. luls. Pop., 13,069; in 18(50, 883. The surface is generally level, the soil excellent and un- der good cultivation. It is bounded on the N. and E. by Mo. and separated from that state by the Missouri K.; it is also watered by Wolf K. and Independence Ur. Troy is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat 158,1-27 bush.; rye, 5,309 bush.; Indian-corn, l,3-2(i,9oS bush.; oats, 148,676 bush.; Irish pot's, '206,705 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,'270 bush.; butter, 194,396 Ibs.f bay, 6,040 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,96-2,347. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,6-25,- 7-24. Value of manufactures, $704,973. ^Doiiiplian, p. v. in Douiplian co., Kans., on the Atchison & Nebraska 11. R., 6 mis. from Atchison. It has several manufactories and is surrounded bj' a rich farmm^g district. Pop., 528. One newspaper. Doniphan, p. v. and the co. seat of Ripley co., Mo., on the Current R. and 43 mis. S. of Des Arcs. Pop., 146. Don .Tuan, p. o. in Perry CO., Ind. Donley, p. o. in Washington eo.. Pa. Donaldsvllle, p. v. in Abbeville district, S. C, on the Greenville & Columbia R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of Cokesbury. Donncbrog', p. o. i'n Howard eo., Nebr. Donnellson, p. v. in Montgomery co., 111., 8 inls. S. of Hillsborough. Donuellson, p. o. in Lee CO., Iowa. Donnclisville, p. v. in Clark co., Ohio, 73^ mis. E. of Springfield. Douner Pass, a depression in the Sierra Ne- vada, 7,056 feet high, through which passes the Pacific R. R. Donop, p. o. in Stanton co., Nebr. Donovan, p. o. in Iroquois co.. 111. I>ooIittle's Mills, p. o. in Perry CO., Ind. Dooly, CO. in Ga., central part. Area, 735 sq. mis. Pop., 9,790 ; in 1860, 8,917. The Flint R. forms the western boundary. Tlie Allapaha R. rises in the south-eastern part. The sur- face is level and the soil consists mostly of sand, which is but little productive. Vienna is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 922 bush.; rye, 1-28 bush.; Indian-corn, 149,987 bush.; oats, 9,485 bush.; sweet pot's, 20,881 bush.; cotton, 4,132 bales. Casli value o! farms, $802,516. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $530,903. Value of manufactures, $02,355, Doon, p. V. in Lyons co., Iowa, about 100 mis. from Port Dodge. One newspaper. Door, CO. in Wis., N. E. part. Area, 405 sq.mls. Pop., 4,919; in I860, 2,948. The surface is low and well timbered; and the soil is fertile. Green B. forms the W. boundary and Lake Michigan the E. Sturgeon Bay is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2-1,595 bush.; rye, 4,353 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,486 bush.; oats, 22,103 bush.; Irish pot's, 43,157 bush.; butter, 56,861 lbs.; hay, 1,835 tons. Cash value of farms, $1-29,043. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $183,318. Value of manufactures, $-244,021. Door €reek, p. v. in Dane co., Wis., 1'2>4 mis. E. of Madison. Door Village, p. v. in La Porte co., Ind., 4 mis. S. W. of La Porte. Dora, p. o. in Pike co., Ark. Dora, tn. in Moultrie co.. 111. Pop., 924. Dora, p. V. in Wabash co., Ind., on the Sala- manie R., 4 mis. S. E. of La Gro. Dora, p. o. in Labette co., Kans. Doran. p. o. in Mitchell co., Iowa. Doraville, p. o. in De Kalb co., Ga. Doraville, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. l>oroheat, p. o. in Columbia co.. Ark. Dorchester, co. in Md., S. E. part. Area about 050 sq. mis. Pop., 19,458; in 1860, 20,461. It borders in the W. on Chesapeake B., and in the E. on the state of Del. The Choptank R. forms the northern boundary ; the Nanti- coke R. the southern. Hudson .and Marshy Hope Rs. intersect it. The surface is level and in some parts swampy. Cambridge is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1-22,460 bush.; rye, 3,079 bush.; Indian-corn, 311,039 bush.; oats, 35,100 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,993 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,118 bush.; butter, 65,949 lbs.; hay, 884 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,156,240. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $S22,793. Value of manufactures, ts^2-2:i,- 1-20. Dorchester, p. v. in Macoupin co., 111., on tho Indianapolis and St. Louis 11. R., 40 mis. N. of East St. Louis. Pop., 130. Dorchester, p. v. in Allamakee co., Iowa, on a tributary of the Upper Iowa R., 18 mis. N. W. of Lansing. Dorchester, in Norfolk co., Mass., has been incorporated with Boston. Dorchester, p. v. in Saline co., Nebr., on the Burlington & Missoirri River R. R., 83 mis. from Omaha. Dorchester, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 689. Dorchester, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. of East Canton. Dorian's Mill, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Dorinansville, p. o. in Albany co., N. Y. Dorn's Gold Mine, p. o. in Abbeville disti-ict, s. c. Dornsife, p. o. in Northumberland co.. Pa. Dorns' Mill, p. o. in Edgefield district, S. C. Dorr, tn. in McHenry CO., 111. Pop., 2,681. Dorr, tn. in Allegan CO., Mich. Pop., 1,518. Dorr, p. V. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 18 mis. from Grand Rapids. Pop. about 300. Dorrance, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 646 Dorrance, p. o. in the above tn. Dorret's Rnn, p. o. in Hardin co., Ky. Dorris Bridge, p. o. in Siskij'ou co., Cal. Dorrville, v. in Washington co., R. I., on the SLonington & Providence R. R., i]4 mis. E. of Westerly. Dorset, p. v. in De Kalb co., 111., 7 mis. S. W. of Hinkley. Dorset, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 372. Dorset, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. E. of Jelfersou. Dorset, tn. in Bennington co., Vt. Pop.^,195. Dorset, p. v. in the above tn., on the West- ern Vermont R. R., 90 mis. S. S. W. of Mont- pelier. Dorset, p. o. in Monroe co.. Wis. Dorsey, p. v. in Madison co.. 111., on the In. dianapolis & St. Louis R. R., 30 mis. from East St. Louis. Pop., 40. Dorsey, p. o. in Blackford co., Ind. l>orseyville, p. o. in Alleghany co., Pa. Dotben, p. o. in Henry co., Ala. Doty's Corner, p. o. in Steuben CO., N. Y. Dotyville, p. v. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis., 7 mis. S. of Calvary, and 13 mis. E. of Fond du Lac. Donble Branches, v. in Lincoln co., Ga. Double Brids-e, p. o. in Lunenburg co., Va. Double Bridges, p. o. in Lauderdale co., Tenn. Double Head, p. o. in Chambers co., Ala. Double Horn, p. o. in Burnet CO., Tex. Double Pipe Creek, p. v. in Carroll co., Md., on the Wosteru Maryland R. R., 16i^ mis. W. of Westminister. Double Shoal, p. o. in Cleveland co., N. C. Double Springs, p. o. in Benton co., Ark. Double Springs, p. v. in Oktibbeha co.. Miss., 15 nil*, from Starkville. Double Springs, p. o. in Putnam CO., Tenn. Double Springs, p. o. in Tarrant CO., Tex. Double Wells, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ark. i Double Wells, p. v. in Warren co., Ga., near DOUD STATION. 279 DOUGLAS. Barnett, a station on the Georgia R. R., 10 mis. "\y. of Camack. Dond Station, p. v. in Van Buren co., Iowa, on the Des Moines Valley R. R., 54 mis. N. ^Y. of Keokuk. Pop., 150. Dong'lierty, co. in Ga., S. "W. central part. Area, 415 sq. mis. Pop., 11,517 ; in 1800, 8,295. Tlie Chicliasawhachee Cr. forms tlie western boundary. The co. is traversed by the Flint R. and its tributary, Kiokee Cr. The sur- face is level and the soil mostly sandy and but moderately productive. Albany "is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : " Wheat, ?.0 bush.; rye, 245 bush.: Indian-corn, 228,223 bush.; oats, 12,305 bush.; Irisli pot's, 103 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,800 bush.; butter, 3,405 lbs.; hay, 400 tons ; cotton, 14,034 bales. Cash value of farms, $1,739,470. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,398,330. Value of manufactures, $159,740. Dougherty's Station, p. v. in Alameda co., Cal., 10 mis. E. of Haywood. Doug'las, tn. in Arkansas co., Ark. Pop.. 760. Douglas, tn. in San Joaquin co., Cal. Pop. 1,751. Douglas, CO. in Colo., E. part, bordering on Kaus. Area, 1,250 sq. mis. Pop., 1,388. The western part of the co. includes parts of the Rocky Mts.; the central and eastern parts are level or imdulating, and olTer good induce- ments to the stock raiser. The South Platte R. and the Republican Fork are the principal streams. The Kansas Pacific R. R. intersects the CO. Franktown is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 8,201 bush.; rye, 232 bush.; Indian-corn, 5,050 bush.; oats, 22,891 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,271 bush.; sweet pot's, 60 bush.; butter, 65,735 lbs.; hav, 1,001 tons. Cash value of farms, $137,780. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $100,591. Value of manu- factures, $14,500. Douglas, p. o. and the co. seat of Cotfee co., Ga., 28 mis. from Waresborough. Douglas, new co. in Ga.; has been formed from the western part of Campbell co., from "Which it is separated by the Chattahoochee R. The surface is rolling and the soil produc- tive. Douglas, CO. in 111., E. part. Area, 320 sq. mis. Pop., 13,484 ; in 1860, 7,140. The surface is roll- ing -and the soil very fertile. Deer Cr. tra- verses it from S. to"N., and the Chicago & Illinois Central R. R. in nearly the same direction through the W. part of the co. Tuscola is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 73.154 bush.; rye, 9,017 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,080,225 bush.; oats, 225,074 bush.; Irish pot's, 65,205 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,006 bush.; butter, 198,283 lbs.; hay, 15,201 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,906,353. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,180,055. Value of manufactures, $138,947. Douglas, tn. in Clark co.. 111. Pop., 555. Douglas, tn in Effingham co.. 111. Pop., 3,222. Douglas, p. V. in Knox co.,Ill., near the Peoria & Burlington R. R., 3)4 mis. W. of Yates City. Douglas, tn. in Saline co.. 111. Pop., 1,437. Douglas, tn. in Adams co., Iowa. Pop., 333. Douglas, tn. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Pop., 590. Douglas, tn. in Boone co., Iowa. Pop., 879. Douglas, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 587. Douglas, tn. in Clay co., Iowa. Pop., 320. Douglas, tn. in Harrison co., Iowa. Pop., 185. Douglas, tn. in Ida co., Iowa. Pop., 01. Douglas, tn. in Madison co., Iowa. Pop., 938. Douglas, tn. in Mitchell co., Iowa. Pop., 282. Douglas, tu. in Montgomery co., Iowa. Pop., 467. Douglas, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 503. Douglas, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 613. Douglas, tn. in Union co., Iowa. Pop., 824. Douglas, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 513. Douglas, CO. in Kans., E. part. Area, 390 sq. mis. Pop., 20,592 ; in 1860, 8,637. The surface is generally level, the soil verj' rich. The co. is watered Ijy the Kansas R., which forms its N. boundary, and numerous small tributaries of the same. The Kansas Pacific R. R. passes through the K. part, and the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R. passes through the central part. Lawrence is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 65,012 bush.; rye, 2,639 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,055,113 bush.; oats, 415,129 bush.; Irish pot's, 193,983 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,605 bush.; butter, 293,370 lbs.; hay, 19,482 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,089,- 989. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,514,452. Value of manufactures, $804,077. Douglas, tn. in Jackson co., Kans. Pop., 1,760. Douglas, p. o. in Jackson parish. La. Douglas, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 2,182. Douglas, p. V. in Allegan co., Mich., 15 mis. from Allegan. Douglas, tn. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 215. Douglas, CO. in Minn., W. central part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 4,239; in 1800, 195. The sur- face is rolling and consists mostly of prairies ; the soil is fertile. The E. part is drained by a few small Crs. There ai"e a number of small lakes in the co,, in one of which the Cheppewa R. rises. Alexandria is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 59,375 bush.; rye, 593 bush.; Indian-corn, 6,570 bush.; oats, 65, .568 bush.; Irish pot's, 30,884 bush.; butter, 90,574 lbs.; hay, 10,708 tons. Cash value of farms, $589,050. Total, estimated, vakie of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $190,291. Value of manufactures, $90,441. Douglas, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 707. Douglas, CO. in Mo., S. central i^art. Pop., 3,915; in 1800, 2,414. The co. lies in the Ozark region, and much of its surface is broken and has an unproductive soil. The valleys however have excellent farm lands. The CO. is drained by Bryant Foi'k and other affluents of White R. Vera Cruz is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 13,794 bush.; rye, 1,585 bush.; Indian-corn, 102,975 bush.; oats. 18,050 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,072 bush.; sweet pot's, 863 bush.; butter, 22,206 lbs.; tobacco 10,029 lbs.; hay, 80 tons. Cash value of farms, $226,210. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $148,450. Value of manu- factures, $.38,000. Douglas, p. o. in Gentrv co.. Mo. Douglas, CO. in Nebr., E. part. Pop., 19,982 ; in 1860, 4,328. It extends from the Missouri R. in the E. to the Platte R. in the W., and is traversed by the Elkhorn R., which here joins the Platte. The bottom-lands along the Mis- souri and some of the other streams are of very great fertility, while the uplands are well adapted to stock raising. The co. is rap- idly growing in wealth and population. Oma- ha "is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 84,545 bush ; Indian-corn, 208,820 bush.; oats, 89,766 bush.; Irish pot's, 44,899 bush.; but- ter, 100,595 lbs.; hay, 11,381 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,515,905. 'Total, estimated, value of all farm i^roductions, including additions to stock, etc., $580,5-25. Value of manufactures, $2,988,747. Douglas, p. V. in Douglas co., Nebr. Douglas, CO. in Nev., forming the S. W. corner of the state. Pop., 1,215. It borders in the W. and S. W. on California, and is almost wholly occupied by the Sierra Nevada and its spurs. It includes a portion of Lake Tahoe. Mining is the principal branch of industry. Genoa is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 12,781 bush.; Indian-corn, 970 bush.; oats, 37,- 714 bush.; Irish pots, 20,405 bush.; butter, 43,- 870 lbs.; hay, 7,758 tons. Cash value of farms, DOUGLAS. 280 DOW. $218,765. Total, estimated, value of all farm produetions, including additions to stock, etc., $11, '280. Value of manufactures, $162,000. ]>oug'la»>, p. o. in Rockingliara cc, Js . C. Doug'las, CO. in Oregon, S. part. Pop., 6,066 : in 1860, 3,203. It embraces the valley of the Umpqua K., wiiich rises near its eastern boundary in the Cascade Mts., and empties into the Pacific Ocean, which forms its west- ern. Tlie CO. is bounded on tlie N. by the Cal- lapooya Mts., on the S. by the llogue Kiver Mts., and on the S. W. by the Umpqua Mts. These tliree chains belong to the system of the Coast Mts. The soil in the valleys is very productive, and well adapted to farming. Roseburgh is the co. seat. Agr. productions inlSTO: Wheat, 94,2-16 bush.; rye, 278 bush.; In- dian-corn, 26,956 bush.; oats, 183,761 bush.; Irish pots, 24,2!50 bush.; wool, 321,643 lbs.; but- ter, 75,583 lbs.; hay, 6,573 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,791,723. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $674,004. Value of manufactures, $217,970. Dotig'Ias, tn. in Barks CO., Pa. Pop., 1,072. Doug-las, tn. in Montgomerj^ co., Pa. Pop., 1,604. I>ongla», V. in Providence co., K. I., 2 mis. from East Douglas and 12 mis. from Black- stone. Douglas, CO. in Wis., N. W. part. Area, 1,225 sq. mis. Pop., 1,122 ; in 1860, 812. The surface is broken and the soil tolerably fertile. It is drained by tlie St. Louis R., Black R. and Bas Brule R., all flowing into Lake Superior, which forms the N. bouudai-y of the co. Su- perior is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 10 bush.; oats, 690 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,540 bush.; hay, 77 tons. Cash value of farms, $66,760. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,950. Value of manufactures, $115,003. Dong'las, tn. in Marquette co.. Wis. Pop., 610. Douglas Centre, p. o. in Clay co., Iowa. l!>ou^'las t'eutrc, p. o. in Marquette CO., Wis. DoHslas €ity, p. v. in Trinity CO., Cal., 5 mis. S. of Weaverville. Pop., 411. Douglass, p. V. in Favette co., Iowa, 6 mis. N. W. of West Union and 25 mis. S. W. of Port- ville. Doug'la!$<4, p. V. in Butler co., Kans., 95 mis. S. W. of Emporia. Dong'Iass, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., il4 mis. N. E. of East Thompson, Conn. Dous-lass, p. o. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Dou$;'las<4, p. o. in Naeogrtoehes co., Tex. Doujjlassville, p. o. and the co. seat of Doug- lass CO., Gu. Dons:lassvillc, p. v. in Berks co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 13 mis. S. E. of Reading. Doug'lassville, p. o. in Cass co., Tex. Dousnian, p. v. in Waukesha co., Wis., 8 mis. S. of Oeouomowoc. Dover, tn. in Pope co.. Ark. Pop., 1,063. Dover, p. v. and the co. seat of Pope co.. Ark., near Illinois Cr. and 60 mis. N. W. of Little Rock. Dover, p. o. in Merced co., Cal. »Dover, city in Kent co., Del., the capital of the state and the co. seat, on the Delaware R. R., 48 mis. S. of Wilmington. It has a fine state house and many beautiful private residences. Pop., 1,906. It lies in a rich agriwiltural dis- trict, which produces lai'ge quantities of Xjeaches. One newspaper. Dover, tn. in Bureau co.. 111. Pop., 1,402. Dover, p. v. in the above tn., 1 ml. from Mai- den. Pop., ;>04. Dover, v. in Boone co., Ind., 6. mis. S. of Thorn- ton. Dover, v. in Dearborn co., Ind., 6 mis. from Guilford. Dover, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 1J160. Dover, p. V. in Lee co., Iowa, 3 mis. N. W. ol Franklin Center. Dover, v. in Davis co., Iowa, II mis. E. of Bloomfleld. Dover, tn. in Shawnee co., Kans. Pop., ClI. Dover, p. o. in the above tn. Dover, p. V. in Mason co., Ky., on the Ohio R., 13 mis. below Maysville. Pop., 532. Dover, tn. in Piscataquis co., Me. Pop., I,9S3. *Dover, p. V. and the co. seat of the above co.; is the terminus of the Bangor & Piscataquis R. R., 52 mis. from Bangor. It is a beautiful and thriving place. One newspaper. Dover, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 645. Dover, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 16 mis. S. W. of Bos- ton. Dover, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 1,494. Dover, tn. in Olmstead co., Minn. Pop., 822. Dover, tn. in Monongalia CO., Minn. Pop., 26G. Dover, tn. in La Fayette co.. Mo. Pop., 2,251. Dover, p. V. in the above tn., 14 mis. from Lex- ington. Pop., 3-20. *Dover, city and the co. seat of Strafford co., N. H., on the Cocheco R. (the head of sloop navigation) and the Boston & Maine R. R., 68 mis. from Boston ; has numerous mills and manufactories, the largest of which are the cotton mills of the Cocheco Manufacturing Company. Pop., 9,294 ; in 1S60, 8,492. Five news- papers. *Dover, p. V. in Morris co., N. J., on the Morris & Essex R. R. and the Chester & Hibernia R. R., S]4 mis. ^V. of Boontou. It has manufac- tories'and one newspaper. Dover, tn. in Ocean co., N. J. Pop., 3,044. Dover, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 2,279. Dover, V. in the above tn. on the Harlem R. K., 29 mis. N. of Croton Falls. Dover, p. o. in Craven co., K. C. Dover, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Pop., 1,445. Dover, p. v. in tlie above tn., near the coast of Lake Erie and 18 nils. AV. of Cleveland. Dover, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,697. Dover, tn. in Fulton co., Ohio. Pop., 930. Dover, tn. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop., 3,515. Dover, tn. in Union co., Ohio. Pop., 929. Dover, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 2,281. Dover, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. W. of York. Pop., 418. Dover, p. v. and the co. seat of Stewart co., Tenn., on the Cumberland R., 5 mis. N. W. of Erin. Pop., 270. One newspaper. Dover, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 685. Dover, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. from Brattleborough. Dover, tn. in Goochland co., Va. Pop., 3,667. Dover, p. o. in Iowa Co., Wis. Dover, tn. in Racine co.. Wis. Pop., 1,047. Dover Centre, p. v. in Olmsted co., Minn., 5 mis. W. of St. Charles on the Winona & St. Peter R. R. Dover Furnace, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Harlem R. 11., 4. mis. S. of Dover. Dover Hill, p. v. and the co. seat of Martin CO., Ind., near the East Fork of AVhito R. and 5 mis. N. of Shoals on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. Dover Mills, v. in Goochland co., Va., on James R., 21 mis. above Richmond. Dover Mines, p. v. in Goochland co., Va., on .James R., IS mis. above Richmond. Dover Plains, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Harlem R. R., 77 mis. from N. Y. Pop., 225. Dover Sontli Mills, p. o. in Piscataquis co., Me. Dove's Creeli, p. o. in Elbert, co., Ga. Dove's Depot, p. v. in Darlington district, B. C, on the Cheraw & Darlington li. 11., S mis, N. of Darlington. Dovesvllle, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. . Dow, p. o. in Cass CO., Ind. DOWAGIAC. 281 DEEWERSBUEGH. •Dowa^iac, p. V. in Cass eo., Mich., on the Dowagiac R.and the Michigan Central R. R., 135^ mis. N. E. of Niles. Pop., 1,932. It has man- ufactories and is an important commercial center. One newspaper. Dowagiac Rivev, a small tributary of the St. Joseph R., Mich.; has a south-westerly course and joins the St. Joseph R. near Niles. Dow Creels, p. o. in Lyon co., Kans. DowdaHville. p. o. in Peoria co.. 111. Dowel's liasiidiiig', p. o. in Coahoma co., Miss. Dowiie, tn. in Cumberland co., N. J. Pop., 3,oS5. Downer's Grove, tn. in Du Page co., 111. Pop., 2,518. Downer's Crove, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cbieago,Burlington & Quincy R. R., ISmls. W. of Chicago and 8 mis. E. of Naperville. Downersville, v. in Jones co., Iowa, 6 m.ls. from Monticello. Downey, p. v. in Cedar co., Iowa, on the CbicagcRock Island & Pacilic R. R.. 5 mls.W. of West Liberty. Down Hill, p. o. in Crawford CO., Ind. *Downieville, p. v. and the co. seat of Sierra CO., Cal., on the North Yuba R. and 56 mis. N. E. of Marysville. Pop., 701. It is engaged in quartz mining and has one newspaper. Downing-'s Mills, v. in Stratford co., N. H., on the Dover & Wmnipiseogee R. R., 3 mis. E. of Alton. Downing'sville, p. o. in Grant co.. Ky. Downiug-tou, p. V. in Meigs co., Oiiio, 13 mis. S. of Athens. Downing'town, p. borough in Chester co.. Pa., at the junction of the Pennsylvania Central B. R. with the Chester Valley R. K., 34 mis. W. of Philadelphia. Pop., 1,077. One newspaper. Downs, tn. in McLean co., 111. Pop.. 1,196. Downsville, p. o. in Union parish, La. Downsvllle, p. v. in Washington co., Md., 10 nils, from Keedysville. Downsvllle, p. V. in Delaware co., N. Y., on the E. branch of the Delaware R., 6 mis. E. of Pepacton. Downsvllle, p. v. in Dunn co., AVis., on the Red Cedar R., 9 mis. S. of Menomonee. Dowville, p. V. in Crawford co., Iowa. Doyle, tn. in Clark co., Iowa. Pop., 9(35. Doyle, tn. in Marion co., Kans. Pop., 1-21. Doyle, p. V. in Columbia CO., Wis., on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 29 mis. N. W. of Watertown. Doylesbnrgh, p. o. m Franklin co., Pa. Doyle's Mills, p. o. in .Juniata co., Pa. Doylesport, tn. in Barton co., Mo. Pop., 385. Doylesport, p. o. in the above tn. Doyleston, p. o. in St. Clair co.. Mo. Doylestown, v. in Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 551. Doylestown, tn. in Bucks co., Pa. Pop., 1,954. *DoyiestO'wn, p. bor. in above tn. and the CO. seat ; is the terminus of a branch of the Northern Pennsylvania R. R., 33 mis. from Philadelphia. Pop., 1,G01. It has much local trade and is surrounded by a rich agricultural district. Five newspapers. Doylestown, v. in Columbia co.. Wis., on the Milwaukee and St. Paul R. R., 18 mis. S. E. of Portage City. Draciit, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 2,078. Dracut, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. N. of Lowell. Drag'oon, p. o. in Osage co., Kans. Drain, p. o. in Douglas co., Oreg. Dralie, p. o. in Gascondade co.. Mo. Drake's Braiieli, p. v. in Charlotte co., Va., on the Richmond & Danville R. R., 27 mis. S. W. ofBurkeville. Dralse's Creels, p. o. in Madison co.. Ark. Drake's Grove, p. o. in Union co., Ky. Drake's Mills, p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa. Drakestown, p. o. in Morris co., N. J Drakesville, tn. in Davis co., Iow!». Pop., 534. Drakesville, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Chicago, Rock Island & Pacifle R. R. 7J) mis. from Chicago and 31 mis. S. W. of :BT»irfleld. Pop.. 207. Drakesville, p. v. in Morris co., N. J,, on the Boonton R. R., o]^ mis. W. of Dover. Drauesvllle, tn. in Fairfax co., Va. Pop., 2,055. Dranesville, p. v. in the above tn., near the Potomac R. and 4 mis. N. E. of Hernciou Draper, p. v. in Great Salt Lake co., xJtah, 12 mis. S. of Salt Lake City. Draper's Valley, p. o. in Pulaski co., Va. Drapersville, p. o. in Mecklenburgh co., Va. Dravosbnrgli, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., near the junction of tlio INIonongahela & You- ghioghen'y Us., and 1 ink-. W. of McKoesport ou the Pittsburgh & ConncUsville R. R. Draw Bridg'e, p. v. in Sussex co., Del., 12 mis. E. of EUendale. Draw Bridg-e, p. o. in Dorchester co., Md., 6 mis. S. W. of Vienna. Drayton Plains, p. v. in Oakland co., Mich., on the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Pontiac. Draytonville, p. v. in Union district, S. C, 26 nils, from Unionville. Drehcrsville, p. v. in Schuylkill co.. Pa., on the Little Schuylkill R. R., 5 mis. N. of Port Clinton. Drestoach, tn. in Winona co., Minn. Pop., 311. Dresbach, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mis- sissi)ipi R., 3 mis. N. of La Crescent. Dresden, v. in Greene co., Ind., 14 mis. from Guthries. Dresden, tn. in Chickasaw co., Iowa. Pop., 535. Dresden, v. in Poweshiek co., Iowa, 11 mis. S. E. of Brooklyn. Dresden, tn. in Lincoln co.. Me. Pop., 990. Dresden, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. E. of the Kennebec R., opposite Richmond. Dresden, p. V. in Pettis co.. Mo., on the Mis- souri Pacilic R. R., 7 mis. W. of Sedalia. Pop., 348. Dresden, p. o. in Smith CO., Kans. Dresden, tn. in Washington co., N. Y. Pop., H84. *Dresden, p. v. in Yates co., N. Y., on Seneca Lake, G nils. E. of Penn Yan. ^Dresden, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, on the Muskingum R. antl near the Pittsburgh, Cin- cinnati & St. Louis R. R., 131^ mis. S. W. of Cos- hocton. The river is navigable to this point. Pop., 1,155. One newspaper. Dresden, p. v. and the co. seat of Weakley co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Northwestern R. R., 16 mis. N. VA of McKenzie. Pop., 35.5. Dresden, p. v. in Navarro co., Tex., 15 mis. from Corsicana. Dresden Mills, p. v. in Lincoln co., Me., 2% mis. N. of Dresden. Dresselville, p. o. in Lo Sueur co., Minn. Dresserville, p. o. in Cayuga co., isi. Y. Drew, CO. in Ark., S. E. part. Area, 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 9,960 ; in 1860, 9,078. The Saline R. forms part of the western boundary, the Baj'- 011 Bartholomew of the eastern. The surface is low and level and the soil consists mostly of fertile alluvium. Monticello is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat 8,828 bush.; Indian-corn, 222,140 bush.; oats, 9,850 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,470 bush.; sweet pot's, 32,775 bush.; tobacco, 430 lbs.; cotton, 6,661 bales. Cash value of farms, .'5i5 i7,74.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $138,072. Value of manu- factures, iji'il ,751. Drewersbnrgli, p. v. in Franklin co., Ind., 7 mis. N. of Harrison. DREWRY'S BLUFF. 282 DUBUQUE. I>rewry's Bluff, p. o. in Chesterfleld Co., Va. Drewrysville, tn. in Southampton co., Va. Pop., l,^!n. Drewry viHe, p. o. in above tn. Drew's Station, p. o. in St. Bernard parish. La. Drewsvillc, p. v. in Cheshire co., K. H., 4 mis. K. of Bellows Falls, Vt. ]>rifton, p. o. in Jefferson co., Fla. Driftwood, tn. in Jackson co., Ind. Pop., 922. Driftwood, p. v. in Cameron co., Pa., noartlic junction of I)rift\vood Branch and Jiennett's Branch of Sinnamahoning II., and on the Phila- delphia & Jirie R. R., 18 nils. S. S. B. of Em- porium. Dris'S'e»*sviHe, p. o. in Orange co., Fla. Dripininji' Springs, p. o. in Boone co.. Mo. Drii>i»iii;t' Springs, p. o. in Hayes co., Tex. Drowned L< mis. by mail route N. W. of Shippensburg. Dry Bun, p. o. in Pendleton co., VV. Va. Drytown, tn. in Amador co., Cal. Pop., 853. Drytown, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. S. E. of Latrobe. Dry villc, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. Drywood, tn. in Bourbon co., Kans. Pop., 1,199. Dry Wood, tn. in Vernon co.. Mo. Pop., 475. Dry Wood, p. o. in the above tn. Duanc, tn. in Franklin co., N. Y. Pop., 234. Duane, p. v. in the above tn., 16 mis. S. of Malone. Dnanesburgh, tn in Schenectady co., N. Y. Pop., 3,(142. Duanesbur^b, p. v. in the above tu., near the Allxmy & Susquehanna R. R., IC mis. W. of Knowersville. Dublin, -p. o. in Fayette CO., Ala. Dublin, p. V. and the co. seat of Laurens co., Ga., on the Oconee R., 23 mis. S. S. E. of Toomsborough. ^Dublin, p. V. in Wayne CO., Ind., on the Indi- ana Central R. R., 2 mis. W. of Cambridge City. Pop., 1,076. Dublin, p. o. in Graves co., Ky. Dublin, p. V. in Harford co., Md., ll^.^ mis. N. W. of Havi'C de Grace. Dublin, tn. in Cheshire co., N. II. Pop., 9,30. Dnblin, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. E. of Keene. Dublin, p. V. in Franklin co., Ohio, on the Seiolo R., 5 mis. W. of Worthington. Dublin, tn. in Mercer CO., Ohio. Pop.. 1,599. Dnblin, p. v. in Bucks CO., Pa., C mis. N. by W. of Dnylcstown. Dublin, tn. in Fulton CO., Pop. Pop.l879. Dublin, tn. in Huntingdon CO., Pa. Pop., 984. Dublin, tn. in Pulaski CO., Va. Pop., 2,722. ^Dublin, p. V. in the above tn., on the At- lantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 18 mis. W. of Christiansburg. Dublin Mills, p. o. in Fulton CO., Pa. Dubois. CO. in Ind., S. W. part. Area, 420 sq. mis. Pop., 12,5913; in 1860, 10,394. The surface Is level, except in the S. E. part, which is roll- ing. The CO. is mostly covered witli forests. The White R. forms part of the northern boundary, and its tributary, Wright Cr., flows through the co. from E. to W. Jasper is the CO. seat. Agr. i^roductions in 1870: Wheat, 120,036 bush.; rye, 2,623bush.; Indian-corn, 373,- 817 bush.; oats, 110,808 bush.; Irish pot's, '24,796 bush.; sweet pot's, 465 bush.; butter, 45,738 lbs.; hay, 4,318 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,964,964. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $855,952. Value of manufactui-es, $230,167. Dubois, p. o. in Dodge Co., Ga. Dubois, p. V. in Washington CO., 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 13 mis. S. of Ashley. Dubuque, CO. in Iowa, E. part. Area, 615 sq. mis. Pop., 38,969; in 1850, 31,164. The Missis- sipiii R. separates it from Wis. and 111. The surface is rolling and the streams flow throirgh deep bottoms ; the soil is f(n'tile; the co. con- tains large quantities of lead. The Dubuque & Sioux City R. R. terminates at Dubuque, the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 49.5,244 bush.; rve, 5,333 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,311,789 bush.; oats, 834,230 bush.; Irish pot's, 163,881 bush.; sweet pot's, 5 bush.; wool, 31,- 384 lbs.; butter, 437,149 lbs.; hay, 37,.393 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,141,827. Total, csti- mated, ^ aluo of all farm productions, includ- ing adundas,° p. o. in Calumet co., Wis. Dundee, tn. in Kane co.. 111. Pop., 2,700. Dundee, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pox R., and the h'ox River Branch of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 4 mis. N. of Elgin. One newspaper. Dundee, v. in Blackford co., Ind., 7 mis. from Hartford Citjr. Dundee, p. o. in Talbot co., Md. Dundee, tn. in Monroe co., Mich. Pop., •2.:!4S. *Dundee, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. of the INIichigan Southern R. R., and 15 mis. AV. of Monroe. Dundee, p. o. of the v. of Newport, Franklin CO., Tilo.. on the Missouri Pacific R. R., S nils. W. of Washington, and on the Missouri R. Dundee, p. v. in Vates co., N. y., 2]^ mis. W. of Starkey ; is the trade center ot a good farming district and has two newspapers. Dundee, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, 12 mis. N. E. of Now Philadelphia. Pop., lOlJ. Dundee, p. o. in Fond da Lao co., Wis. Dundee I^ake, p. o. in Bergen co., N. J. Dunellen, p. o. in Middlesex co., N. .J. Dung-anoii, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, 3J^ mis. \i. of MiiysviUe. Dun Glen, p. v. in Humboldt CO., Nev., 9 mis. N. E. of Mill City, on the Central Pacific R. R. Dunham, tn. in "McHenry co.. 111. Pop., Dili). Dunham, tn. in 'Washington CO., Ohio. Poi3., 755. Dunham, p. o. in the above tn. Dunhard, tn. in Greene co., Pa. Pop., 1,.5'20. Dunkard, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. W. of Greensbiity, tu. in Lawrence co.. Ark. Pop., 573. Diitzow, p. o. in Warren co.. Mo. Duval, CO. in Pla., N. E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 11,921; in 1860. 5,074. The surface is low ; the soil produces sugar, cotton and sweet potatoes, principally. The central part is intersected by St. John's R., which flowa N. Tlie Atlantic Ocean forms the eastern DUVAL. 286 DYSORTVILLE. bouncLary of the co. Jacksonville is the co. seat. Agr. productions iii 1870 : Oats, 100 bush. ; Indian-corn, 32,7o71)ush.; Irish pot's, 30O bush.; sweet pot's, y.5,-273 busli.; cotton, 7 bales ; rice, 7,700 lbs.; butter, 100 lbs. Cash value of farms, $017,881. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $122,010. Value of manufactures, $1,883,22,3. Dnval, CO. in Texas, S. part. Area, 2,880 sq. mis. Pop., 1.083. The surface is low and level, and consists elnefl>[ of prairies, which are well adapted for grazing and stock rais- ing. The northern part of the co. is drained by small affluents of the Nueces R., the re- mainder by several creeks, which empty into the Laguna Madre, as Olmos Cr.. San Diego Or., etc. Cash value of farms, $19,321. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc.,$2Y^adkin co., N. C. East Benton, p. o. in Kennebec CO., Me. East Benton, p. o. in Luzerne co., Pa. East BerBcsliire, p. o. in Tioga co., N. Y. East Berltsliiire, p. v. in Franklin co.,Vt.,on the ]Missi(|ue R., 11 mis. W. of Slieldon. East Berlin, p. v. in Hartford co.. Conn., on a branch of the New Y'ork, Hew Haven & Hart- ford R. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Middletown. East Berlin, p. v. in Adams co., Pa., on Cone- wago Cr., 10 mis. N. of Hanover. East Berne, p. v. in Albany co., N. Y., 8 mis. W. of New Salem. East Betbany, p. V. in Genesee co., N. T.,6J4 mis. S. K. of Batavia. East Bethel, v. in Oxford co.. Me., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 3 mis. E. of Bethel.. East Bethel, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt., '4 mis. N. E. of Ik'thel. East Bethlehem, tn. in Washington co., Pa. Pop., 1,621. East Bethlehem, p. v. in the above tn,, 5 mis. W. of Brownsville. East Blackstone, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., near the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. E., 4 mis. N. of Woonsocket. East Bloomfield, tn. in Ontario co., N. T. Pop., 2,2.50. *East Bloomfield, p. v. in the above tn., near the New York Central R. R., 8 mis. W. of Can- andaigua. Pop., 320. East Blue Hill, p. o. iu Hancock co.. Me. East Boston, p. v. in Madison co., N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 3^ mis. W. of Canastola. East Bowdoinham, p. v. in Sagadahoc co.. Me., on the Portland* Kennebec 11. R., 10 mis. N. of Brunswick. East Boyer, tn. in Crawford co., Iowa. Pop., 231. East Bradford, p. o. in Penobscot co., Me. East Bradford, v. in Essex co., Mass., on the Merrimack R.; has manufactories. East Bradford, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,033. East Brady, borough in Clarion co.. Pa., 18 mis. S. W. of Clarion. Has one newspapei-. Pop., 728. East Branch, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. East Brandywine, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. I'op.. 1,011. East Brewster, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., near the Cape Cod Central R. R., 17 mis. E. of Barnstable and 90 mis. from Boston. East Bridge water, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop... 3,0 17. East Bridgewater, p. v. in the above tn., on a branch of the Old Colony R. R., 4 mis. S. of Bridgewater. Has boot a"nd shoe manufac- tories. One newspaper. East Bridgewater, p. v. in Susquehanna co., Pa., H]4 mis. W. of Montrose Depot on the Delaware & Lackawanna R. R. East Brighton, p. o. in Essex co., Vt. East Briinlield, p. v. in Hampton co., Mass., 12U nils. E. of Palmer. Easlbrook, tn. in Hancock co., Me. Pop., 137. East Brook, p. v. in Lawrence co.. Pa., 5 ml.s. N. E. of Newcastle. EastBrookfield, p.v. in Worcester co.,Ma33., on the Boston & Albany B. R., 19% mis. W. ot Worcester. EAST BROOKFIELD. 289 EAST FELICIANA. East Broolifieltl, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., 19 mis. S. of Montpelier. East Brownfield, p. o. in Oxford CO., Me. East Briiiiswick, tn. in Midiilesex Co., N. J. Pop.,2,Sul. East Brunswick, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 1. (HI. East BucUsport, p. o. in liancock co.. Me. East Buffalo, tn. in Union co., Pa. Pop., 1,011. East Buflalo, v. in ttie ahove tn., near the West Blanch of the Susquehanna R. East Burke, p. v. in Caledonia CO., Vt., 5^ mis. N. N. E. Of Lyndenburgh. East Burlington, p. v. in Kane CO., 111., on the Jlississippi R., opposite Burlington, Iowa. East Cabot, p. o. in Washington co., Vt. East Calais, p. v. in Washington co., Vt., 15 inls. N. E. of Montpelier. East Cain, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,309. East Canibridg'e, in Mass. Now incorporated witli Boston. East Cambridg-e, p. o. in Eamoille co., Vt. East Canaan, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., near the Housatonic R. R., 3 mis. E. of Canaan. East Canaan, p. v. in Gi-afton co., N. H., on the Northern New Hamsphire R. R., G% mis. N. of Grafton Centre. One newspaper. East Candor, v. in Tioga CO., N. Y., 3 mis. N. E. of Candor. East Canton, p. v. in Bradford CO., Pa., 3 mis. E. of Canton on the Northern Central R. R. East Carmel, p. o. in Columbiana co., Ohio. East Carlton, p. v. in Orleans co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Albion. East Castle Rock, p. v. in Dakota co., Minn., 9 mis. N. of Nortlifield. East Chain liakes, p. o. in Martin co., Minn. East Charlemont, p. v. in Franklin co., Mass., on the DeerfliUd R. and the Ti-oy & Greenfield R. R., 3 mis. W. of Shelburne Falls. East Charleston, p. o. in Tioga co.. Pa. East Charleston, p. v. in Orleans CO., Vt., 71^ mis. W. of Island Point. East Chatham, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., on tlie Boston & Albany R. R., 5}^ mis. N. E. of Chatham Center. East Chatham, p. o. in Tioga co., Pa. East Chester, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 7,191. East Chester, p. v. in the above tn., 1% mle. S. of Mount Vernon. East China, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., •297. East China, v. in Wyoming co., N. Y., 5 mis. E. N. E. of Arcade. East Claremont, p. o. in Dodge co., Minn. East Clarence, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. East Clarendon, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt., on the Rutland & Burlington R. R., 6)4 mis. S. S. E. of Rutland. East Claridon, p. v. in Geauga co., Ohio, 6 mis. S. E of Chardon. East Clarksfield, p. o. in Huron co., Ohio. East Cleveland, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Pop.. 5,050. East Cleveland, p. v. in the above tn., near the city of (;)leveland. East Cobleskill, p. v. in Schoharie co., N. Y., 114 ml*3. S. of IJarnesville on Albany & Sus- quehaima R. R. East Cocalico, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 1,992. East Coldenham, p. o. in Orange co., N. Y. East Concord, yt. v. in Merriiuack co., N. H., on the Merrimack R. and on the Boston, Con- cord & Montreal R. R., 2 mis. N. of Con- cord ; has numerous manufactories. East Concord, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Eart Constable, p. v. in Franklin co., N. Y., 6 mis. N. of IMalone. East Corinth, p. v. in Penobscot co., Me., 19 mis. N. W. of Bangor. 19 East Corinth, v. in Orange co., Vt., 9 mis. N. W. of Bradford. East Cornwall, p. o. in LItclifield co.. Conn. East Coventry, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 1,318. East Coventry, p. o. in the above tn. East Coventry, p. o. in Orleans co., Vt. East Craftsbury, p. v. in Orleans CO., Vt., 14 mis S. of Irasburgh. East Creek, p. o.ln Cape May co., N. J. East Creek, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 3)4 mis. W. of St. .lohnsville. East Daton, p. o. in Tuscola co.. Mich. East Deer, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 1,390. East Deering, p. o. in Hillsborough co., N. H. East Deering, p. o. in Cumberland co.. Me. East DeKalb, p. v. in St. Lawrence co.,N. Y. on the Rome, Watertown& Ogdensburg R. R., 3 mis. S. of DeKalb Junction. East Delavan, p. o. in Walworth co., Wis. East Dennis, p. v. iA Barnstable co., Mass^ near the coast of Cape Cod B., 4 mis. N. of South Dennis. East Derry, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. H. East Dickinson, p. v. in Franklin co., N. Y., a mis. S. of Moira. East Dimock, p. o. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. East Dixfield, p. v. in Oxford co.. Me., 4 mis. N. W. of North Jay. East Dixmont, p. v. in Penobscot CO., Me., 16 mis. S. W. of Bangor. East Donegal, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 3,>.54. East Dorset, p. v. in Bennington co., Vt., on the Bennington & Rutland R. R., 4 mis. N. of Manchester. *East Douglass, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 114 mls- N. W. of Blackstone. It has manufactures and print works. One newspaper. East Dover, p. o. in Piscataquis co., Me. East Dover, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 6 mis. S. W. of Fayetteville. East Durham, p. v. in Greene co., N. Y., on Catskill Cr., Hji^mls. N. W. of Catskill. East Earl, tn. m Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 2,310. East Eddington, p. v. in Penobscot co., Me., 11 mis. E. of Bangor. East Eden, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., on the E. shore of Mt. Desert Island, 22 mis. S. E. of Ellsworth. East Eden, p. o. in Erie CO., N. Y. East Elba, p. o. in Genesee co., N. Y. East EUna, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. East Elmira, p. o. in Chemung co., N. Y. East Elmore, p. o. in Lamoille co., Vt. East Enterprise, p. v. in Switzerland co., Ind., 10 mis. N. E. of Vevay and 9 mis. S. W. of Ris- ing Sun. Eastern, p. o. in Franklin co.. 111. East Evans, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y^ on Lake Erie, and 2 mis. from the Buffalo & Erie R. R., 4 mis. N. of Angola. Pop., 100. East Exeter, p. v. in Penobscot co.. Me., 10 mis. N. of Etna on the Maine Central R. R. East Fairfield, p. V. in Columbiana co., Ohio, 35^ mis. S. of New Waterford. East Fairfield, p. v. in Franklin co., Vt., 13 mis. E. of St. Albans. EastFallowfield, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,291. EastFallowfield, tn. in Crawford co., Pa. Pop., 1,167. EastFalniouth, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the sea-coast, and 12 mis. S. of Monument on the Cape Cod R. R. East Farinington, p. o. in Polk co.. Wis. East Feliciana, parish in La., E. part. Area, 475 sq. mis. Pop., 13,499 ; in 18ti0, 14,697. Bounded N. by Miss., E. by Amite R., and is drained by affluents 01 this river. The surface is undu- EAST FINLEY. 290 EAST HAVERHILL. lating and tlifi soil fertile. Clinton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 167,262 bush.; Irish pot's, 98 bush.; sweet pot's, 26,263 bush.; cotton, 10,252 bales : rice, 5,900 lbs. Cash value of farms, $S86,420. I'otalj estimat- ed, value of all farm produciions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,014,376. Value of manufactures, $156,985. East Finley, tn. in Washington CO., Pa. Pop., 1,186. Enst Finley, p. o. in the above tn. East Fishkill, tn. in Dutchess CO., N. Y. Pop.. 2,:>06. East Fishklll, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. S. E. of Hopewell. East Florence, p. v. in Oneida CO., N. Y., 6% nils. N. K. of Camden. Eastford, tn. in Windham co., Conn. Pop., 984. Eastford, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. W. of Abniglon. East Fork, tn. in Conway co.. Ark. Pop. , 410. East Fork, tn. in Montgomery co., 111. Pop., 1,421. East Fork, p. o. in the above tn. East Fork, p. o. in Metcalf CO., Ky. East Fork, tn. in Barton co.. Mo. Pop., 452. East FoxJjoroHgh, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the iSoston & Pi-ovideuce R. R., 7 mis. S. oi Canton. East Franklin, tn. in Armstrong co., Pa. Pop., l,4.jl. East Franklin, p. v. in Franklin co., Vt., 20 nils. N. E. of St. Albans and near the Canadian boundary. East Freedosn, p. v. in Blair CO., Pa., 8 mis. S. W. of Hollidaysburg. East Freetown, p. o. in Bristol co., Mass. East Freetown, p. o. in Cortland co., N. Y. East Fryeburgh, p. o. in Oxford co.. Me. East Oaines, p. v. in Orleans co., N. Y., 3 mis. N. K. of Alljion. East Gainesville, p. v. in Wyoming co^ N. Y., on the Butfalo Branch of the Krie R. K., 6 nils. S. S. E. of Warsaw. East Galena, tn. in Jo Daviess co., 111. Pop., 856. East Gallatin, p. o. in Gallatin co., Montana. East Galway, p. o. in Saratoga co., N. Y. East Genoa, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., 4 mis. W. of i/ocke on the Southern Central R. R. East Georgia, p. v. in Franklin co., Vt., on the Vermont & Canada R. H., 9% mis. S. of St. Albuus. East German, p. v. in Chenango co., N. Y., 9 mis. W. of Oxford. East Gerniantown, p. v. in Wayne CO., Ind., by ridlroud 2 nils. S. E. of Cambridge city. East Gibson, p. o in Manitowoc Co., Wis. East Gileatl, p. v. in Branch co., Mich., 13 mis. S. of Coldwater. East Glastenbury, p. v. in Hartford co.. Conn., ID mis. S. E. of Hartford. East Glcnville, p. o. in Schenectady co , N.Y. East Gloucester, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., on tlie sea-coast and 2 nils. E. of Glouces- Pop., ter. East Goshen, tn. in Chester co., Pa. GU6. East Granby, tn. in Hartford co., Conn. Pop., 853. East Granby, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of Windsor. East Granger, p. o. in Allegany co., N. Y. East Granville, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., 10 nils. s. W. of Westtield. East Granville, p. o. in Addison co., Vt. East Greenbusn, tn. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Pop., 1,H4.5. East Greenbush, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. E. of Greenbush. East Greene, v. in Chenango co., N. Y., on the Chenango R. and Canal, U% mis. N. E. of Chemmgo Forks. East Greensboronsh, p. o. in Orleans co- Vt. East Greenville, p. o. in Stark co., Ohio. East Greenwlcb, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., i\4 mis. S. W. of Salem. East Greenwich, tn. in Kent co.. R. 1. Pop., 2,660. *East Greenwich, p. V. and theco. seat of the above co., on the Stonington & Providence R. R., 11 mis. S. of Providence, and on Narnv- gansett B. Has a fine harbor, manufactories, and considerable coast-wise commerce. East Greenwood, p. o. in Muskingum co., Ohio. East Grove, tn. in Lee CO., 111. Pop., 765. East Grove, p. o. in Chemung co., N. Y. East Gro veland, p. v. in Livingston co., N. Y., 5 nils. S. E. of Geneseo. East Guilford, p. v. in Chenango co., N. Y., 3 mis. by railroad N. of Sidney Plams. East Haddam, tn. in Middlesex co.. Conn. Pop., 2,0.il. East Haddam, p. v. in the above tn., on the left bank of the Connecticut R., 4 mis. below Haddam. Has much commerce. Eastham, tn. in Barnstable co., Mass. Pop., 608. Eastham, p. v. in the above tn., on Cape Cod Peninsula, and on the Cape Cod R. R., 97 mis. from Boston. East Hamburg:, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 2,270. East Hamburg^, p. v. in the above tn.,12 mis. S. E. of Buffalo. East Hamilton, p. v. in Madison co., N". Y., on the Utiea, Chenango & Suscxuehanna R. R., 12M nils. S. S. W. of Waterville. Pop., 79. East Hampden, p. v. in Penobscot co., Me., on the Penobscot R., 5 mis. below Bangor. East Hampstead, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. H. V East Hampton, p. v. in Middlesex co.. Conn., 10 nils. E. of Middletown. East Hampton, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., 3,620. *East Hampton, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Haven & Northampton R. R., 5 mis. S. of Northampton. It lies about 4 mis. W. of the Connecticut R., has large manufactories and. is the seat of Williston Seminary. East Hampton, tn. in Suffolk co., N. Y. Pop., 2,372. East Hampton, p. v. in the above tn., on the eastern part of Long Island, 7 nils. VV. S. W. of Sag Harbor. East Hanover, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,723. East Hanover, tn. in Lebanon co.. Pa. Pop., 1,737. East Hanover, p. o. in the above tn. East Hardwick, p. v. in Caledonia co.. Vt., on the Lamoille R., and the Portland & Og- densburg R. R., 31 mis. W. of St. Johnsbury. One newspaper. East Harpswell, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., 7 mis. S. of Brunswick. East Hartford, tn. in Hartford CO., Conn. Pop., 3,013. East Hartford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Connecticut R., opposite Hartford, witti which it is connected by a bridge. East Hartland, p. o. in" Hartford co.. Conn. East Harwich, p.v.in Barnstable co., Mass.,on Cape Cod Peninsnla.4 mis. E. N. E. of Harwich. East Haven, tn. in Hew Haven co., Conn. Pop., 2,714. East Haven, p. v. in the above tn., on Long Island Sound, and on the Shore Line R. R., 4 nils. E. of New Haven. Has large copper smelting works. Saltonstall Lake is near it. East Haven, tn. in Essex co., Vt. Pop., 191. East Haven, p. o. in the above tn., 13 nils. S. of Island Pond. East Haverhill, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., on the Merrimack R., 6 mis. E. of Haverhill. EAST HAVERHILL. 291 EAST MARION. East Haverhill, p. v. in Grafton co., N. H., on the Boston, Concord & Montreal R. R., 4% mis. E. of Haverhill. In the vicinity is the Owl's Head, a rocky hill several hundred feet above the surrounding country. East Hebron, p. v. in Oxford co.. Me., on the Portland & Oxford Central R. R., 10 mis. X.of Mechanics Falls. East Hebron, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. East Heinjjiield, tn. in Lancaster CO., Pa. Pop., -.'.lio-.'. East Hempfield, p. o. in the above tn., on the Reading & Columbia R. R., 5 mis. X. W. of Lancastm-. East Hickory, p. v. in Forest co.. Pa., on the Alleghany R., 7^ mis. N. of Tionesta. East Hig'hg^ate, p. v. in Franklin co., Vt., on the Missisnui R., 12 mis. X. K. of St. Albans. East Holden, v. in Penobscot co.. Me., 7 mis. S. E. of Bangor. East Holliston, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Mansfield & Framingluuu R. R., 7 mis. S. E. of South Framingham. East Homer, p. o. in Cortland Co., X. Y. East Homer, p. o. in Potter co., Pa. East Houndsfleld, p. o. in Jefferson co., X. Y. East Huntingdon, tn. in Westmoreland CO., Pa. Pop., J.l.U. East Hiibbardton, p. o. in Rutland co., Vt. East Humboldt Mountains, a range in Lander co., Xe%-., between Ruby, Franklin and Clover valleys on tlie E. antl Huntington and Humboldt R. vallej-s on tlio \V. East Hutchinson, p. o. in McLeod co., Minn East Jaclison, p. o. in "Waldo co., Me. East Jaffrey, p. V. in Cheshire co., X. H.,10 mis. X. E. of Winchendon, Mass. Has iron manufactories. East Java, p. v. in Wyoming co.,X. Y., 14 mis. from VVai'.saw. East Jefferson, p. v. in Lincoln co., Me., 25 mU. from Augusta. East Jewett, p. o. in Greene co., X. T. East Johnson, v. in Lamoille co., \'t., on the Eden Branch of the Lamoille R. East Kendall, p. v. in Orleans co., X. Y., 9 mis X. of HoUey on the Xew York Central R. R. East Kent, p. o. in Litchfield CO., Conn. East Killing'ly, p. v. in Windham co,. Conn., G mis. X. E. of West Killingly. Has cotton manufactories. East King^ston, tn. in Rockingham co., X. H. Pop., .>.)3. East Kingston, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & .Uaine R. It., o mis. S. of Exeter. East Knox, p. v. in Waldo co.. Me., \2 mis. X. W. of L;elfa.-5t. East Eackawannoc, tn. in Jlercer co.. Pa. Pop., Gil. East (.amoine, p. o. in Hancock co.. Me. East Eanii>eter, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. P()]i., •1,-nv.i. East Lancaster, v. in ^'airfield co. , Ohio. Pop. , d66. Eastland, co. in Tex., X. central part. Pop., 88; in ISiio, 99. The surface is undulating, and consists chiefly of prairies. The principal streams are the Xorth Fork of the Leon R., Waynes' Cr. and Fish Cr. Agr. productions In 18/0 : Indian-corn, 1-50 bush. Cash value of farms, $230. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., 44,32.5. East Eandaft; p. o. in Grafton co., X. H. East I^ansing', p. o. in Tompkins co., X. Y. East Eaport, p. o. in .Jackson co., X. C. East Eebanon, p. v. in Grafton co., X. H., on the Xorihern Xew Hampshire R. R., 9% mis. W. of East Canaan. East Eee, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., I mle. E. of Lee on the Housatonic R. R, Ea>it iiemou, p. o. in Wyoming co., Pa. East Eempster, p. o. in Sullivan co., X. H. East Eeon, p. o. in Cattaraugus co., X. Y. East Eewistown, p. v. in Mahoning co., Ohio, 41^ mis. X. of Columbiana. Pop., 105. East Eexington, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Lexington branch of Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R., 11 mis. X. W. of Boston. East Eiberty, v. in Allen co., Ind., 2}.^ mis. from Monroeville. East Liberty, p. o. in Logan co., Ohio. East Liberty, v. in AUegliany co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 5 mis. E. of Pitts- burgh, of which it is a suburb, having some elegant re.sidences of Pittsburgh citizens. The Western Pennsylvania Hospital is locat- ed here. East Liberty, p. v. in Fayette co.. Pa., on the Youghiogheny R. and G nils, by R. R. X. W. of Connellsville." East Liberty, p. o. in Page co., Va. East Llmington, p. v. in Y'ork co., Me., near the junction of the Saco and Little Ossipee Rs. and 5'^ nils. W. of Standisli. East Lincoln, tn. in Logan co., 111. Pop., 3,397. East Lincoln, p. v. in Penobscot co.. Me., 6 mis. W. of Lincoln on the European & Xorth American R. R. East Line, p. v. in Saratoga co., X. Y., on the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 3 mis. S. E. of Bal.-fton. East Litchfield, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., on the Xangatuck R. R., 3 mis. S. of Wolcott- ville. East Livermore, tn. iu Androscoggin co., Me. Pop., 1,004. East Livermore, p. v. in the above tn., on the Androscosgin R. and the Androscoggin B. R., 5 nils. N. of Leeds. East Livermore Mills, p. o. in Androscoggin CO., Md. *East Liverpool, p. v. in Columbiana CO., Ohio, on the Oiuo R. and the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., i]4 mis. E. of Wells ville and 48 mis. W . of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is surround- ed by a rich .agricultural district, and has several potteries. One newspaper. Ea.st Long Branch, 11. v. in Monmouth co., X.J. East Long Meadow, p. v. in Hampden co,, Mass., 5 mis. E. S. E. of Springfield. East Loivell, p. o. in Penobscot CO., Me. East Lyme, tn. in Xew London co., Conn. Pop., l,.')Oi). *East Lyme, p. v. in the above tn.,3 mis. X. of Xhintic. Eafst Lyme, p. o. in Cass co., Mo. East Lynn, p. v. in Irociuois co.. 111. Ea.»it McUOBiough, p. o. in Chenango CO., X. Y. East 3Xaehias, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 2,017. • "East Maehias, p. v. in the abftvo tn., on Ma- chias B., 4 nils. E. of Maehias. Pop. in IStiO, 2,1S1. East Madison, p. v. in Somerset co., Me., 6 nds. X. of Skohegan. East Madison, p. o. in Carroll co., X. IT. East MaIiaa>oy Junction, in Schuylkill co., Pa., at the intersection 01 the Schnylkill R. B. and ilie Pliiladelphia, Reading & Catawissa R. R.. 102 mis. from Philadelphia. East Mahoning, tn» in Indiana co.. Pa. Pop., 1.1 o9. East Maine, p. o. in Broome co., X. Y. Eastmann, tn. in Pulaski co., Ark. Pop., 1,731. Eastntan, tn. in Crawford co.. Wis., Pop., 1,214. Eastman, p. o. of Batavia, a village in the above tn., 14 mis. from Prairie du Cliien. Eastmansvilie, p. v. in Ottawa co., Mich., 414 mis. S. of Coopersville on the Detroit & Mil- waukee R. R. East Marion, p. v. in .Suffolk co., X. Y., near the X. E. extremity of Long Island, 2]4 ml3 X. E. of Greenport. EAST MARLBOROUGH. 292 EAST PENA^. Kast Marlborongli, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 1,401. EastMarshfield, p.T. in Plymontb co., Mass., near the sea-coast and 8 inls. S. of Cohassett. East Martinsbiirg'li, p. o. in Lewis co.,N. Y. East Masoiiville, p. v. in Delaware CO., N. Y., f) nils. S. of Unatlilla. Jia*it Jiauch Chunk, p. horough in Carbon CO., Pa., near Mauch Chniik. Pop., 1,5S5. East Ifledford, p. o. in Middlesex co., Mass. East Metlway, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the IJoston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 20 mis. S. E. of Boston. East Melrose, p. v. in Monroe co., Iowa, near Melrose. East Sleredith, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. East jTIerideii, p. o. in Steele co., Minn. East Mitldlcboroug'h, p. o. in Plymouth co., Mass., •i'^4 inls. N. E. of Middleborough. East Midillebury, p. v. in AddJson co., Vt., 5 nils. S. E. of Jliddlehury. East middleton, p. o. in Dane co., Wis. East Iflilaii, p. o. in Monroe co., Mich. East Milton, p. o. in Norfolk co., Mass. East Moninoiitli, p. o. in Kennchec co., Me. East Monroe, p. v. in Highland co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R.,6^ nils. W. of Greenfield. Pop., 163. East Montpelier, tn. in "Washington co.,Vt. Pop., l,i:50. East Montpelier, p. v. in the ahove tn., 6 mis. E. of Montpelier. East MontviHe, p. o. Waldo co.. Me. East Moriches, p. v. in Suflblk co., N. Y., on the soutliern coast of Long Island, 9% mis. E. of Yaiihank. East Mount Vernon, v. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., .500. East Nantmcal, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 928. East Nassau, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., 1 ml. S. E. of West Sand Lake. East Nelson, tn. in Moultrie co., HI. Pop., 1,(121. East Newarlt, p. o. in Caledonia co., Vt. East Ncwlicld, p. o. in Tompkins co., N. Y. East New Market, p. v. in Dorchester co., ]Md., on the Dorchester & Delaware R. R., I'i-^^ nils. E. of Cambridge. East Newport, p. v. in Penobscot co.. Me., on the Maine Central R. R.,25i4mls. W. of Bangor. East New Portland, p. v. in Somerset co., Me., on the Seven Mile R., 8 mis. W. of North Anson , East New Sharon, p. v. in Franklin co., Me., 13 mis. N. N. E. of Belgrade on the Maine Cen- tral R. R. East New Vineyard, p. o. in Erankliu co.. Me. East New York, p. v. in KiiYgs co., N. Y., on the BrooklVn Central & Jamaica R. R., 5% mis. E. of ISiooklyn. East Nichols, p. o. in Tioga co., N. Y. East Nodoway, \). o. in Adams co., Iowa. East Northlield, p. o. in Cookeo., 111. East Northport, p. o. in Waldo co.. Mo. East North wood, p. v. in Rockingliam co., N. H. , IG mis. N. E. of Candia on the Concord & Portsmouth R. R. East North Yarmouth, p. v. in Cumberland CO., Ble., on the Grand -Trunk R. R., 3 mis. N. by W. of Yarmouth. East Nor*veigan, tn. in Schuylliill co., Pa. Pop.,!)s;5. East Norwalk, p. v. in Huron co., Ohio, 5 mis. N. E. of Norwalk. East Norway, p. o. in Doniplian co., Kans. East Norwich, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y.,23^ mis. N. W. of Syosset, on a branch of Long Island R. R. East Notting^ham, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,100. EaNt OaUticld, p. o. in Genesee co., N. Y. East Oakland, tn. in Coles CO., 111. Pop., 1,500. East Oasis, p o. in Waushara co., Wis, Easton, p. o. in El Paso co., Colo. Easton, tn. in Fairfield co.. Conn. Pop., 1,283, Easton, p. v. in the above tn., QI4 mis. N. W. of Bridgeport. Pop. in 1860, 1,350, Easton, p. o. in INIason co., 111. Easton, tn. in Leavenworth co., Kans. Pop.. 1,16!). Easton, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. W. of Leavenworth. Easton, p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me. ^Easton, 11. v. and the co. seat of Talbot CO., Md., on the Maryland & Delaware R. R., 43)4 nds S. W. of Clayton, Del., and GO mis. from Baltimore, and on the TreadhavenCi-. Is in a fine fruit and grain-growing district ; has local commerce, some manufactories, and three newspapers. Easton, tn. in Bristol CO., Mass. Pop., 3,GGS, Easton, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. S. W. of South Easton on the Dighton & Somerset R. R. Easton, tn. in Ionia co., Mich. Pop., 1,401. Easton, p. v. in Buchanan co., Mo., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 12 mis. E. of St. Joseph. Easton, tn. in Washington co., N. Y. Pop., 3,072. Easton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hudson R., 8 nils. N. of North Falls. Easton, p. o. in Wayne CO., Ohio. *Easton, p. borough and the co. seat of North- ampton CO., Pa., at the junction of the Lehigh and Delaware Rs. and on the Lehigh & Sus- quehanna R. R., 12 nils. E. of Bethlehem; is the terminus of the New Jersey Central R. R., and the Morris & Essex It. R., 86 mis. from New York and 66 mis. from Pliiladelphia. It lias extensive iron manufactories, distilleries, mills, etc., and is the seat of Lafayette College, Pop., 10,987 ; in 1860, 8,9t4. Six newspapers. Easton, p. o. in Monongalia co., W. Va. Easton, tn. in Adams co.. Wis. Pop., 338. Easton, p. o. in the above tn. East Orang-e, tn. in Essex co., N. J. Pop., 4.315. East Orang^e, p. v. in the above tn., on tho Morris & Essex R. R., 2 mis N. W. of Newark. East Orange, p. o. in Schuyler CO., N. Y. East Orange, p, o. in Delaware co., Ohio. East Orange, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., IG mis. N. E. of Bradford. East Orange ville, p. o. in Wyoming co., N. Y. East Orleans, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., 1 nile. E. of Orleans on the Cape Cod R. R. East Orrington, p. v. in Penobscot co., Me., 4'X mis. S. of ISangor. East Ottisfleld, p. v. in Cumberland co., IMe., on Thompson Lake and 6!4 mis. S. W. of Welch- ville on the Grand Trunk R. R. East Otto, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y Pop., 1,164. East Otto, p. V. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. E. of Ciittai'augus. East Palermo, p. o. in Waldo co.. Me. East Palermo, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. East Palestine, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, near the Pennsylvania boundary and on the Pittsburgh, Fort AVavne & Chicago R. R., l\i% mis. N. W. of Beaver '^''alls, Pa. East Palmyra, p. v. in Wayne CO., N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 9 mis. W. of Lyons. East Parsonfield, p. v. in Y'ork co., Me., 18 mis. N. AV. of Waterborough. East Paw Paw, p. v. in De Kalb co.. 111., 9 mis. N. of Earl on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincv R. R. East Pembroke,, p. v. in Plymouth co., Mass., 4 mis. from Hanover. East Pembroke, p. o. in Merrimack co., N. H. East Pembroke, p. v. in Genesee co., N. Y. on the New York Central R. R., G mis. W. of Batavia. Pop., 156. East Penn tn. in Carbon co,, Pa. Pop., 862. EAST PENFIELD. 293 EAST Springfield. East Peiifleld, p. v. in Monroe CO., N". Y., 11 mis. E. of Rochester. £ast Peiiusboroug^b, tn. in Cumberland co., Pa. Pop., -2,719. East Pepin, p. o. in Pepin CO., "Wis. East Pepperell, p. v. in Jliddlesex co., Mass., on the Worcester & Xasliua K. B., i}4 i^s. N. of Gioton. East Peru, p. o. in Oxford co., Me. East Pharsalia, p. v. in Chenango co., 2^. T., 10 mis. W. of Norwich. East Phoenix, p. o. in Maricopa co., Ariz. East PiKe, p. v. in Wyoming co., N. Y.,'4 mis. S. W. of Castile. East Pilieland, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., East Pike Run, tn. in Washington co.. Pa. Pop., 817. East Pitcairn,' p. o. in St. Lawrence CO., N. Y. East Pittston, p. v. in Kennebec CO., Me., 6^^ nils. S. K. of Pittston. EastPlainfield, p. v. in Sullivan CO., N. H., 2',<,' mis. N. of Meriden. East Plymouth, p. o. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. East Poestenliill, p. o. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. East Point, p. o. in Fulton co., Ga. East Point, p. o. in Johnson co., Ky. East Poland, p. v. in Androscoggin co.. Me., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 4)4 mis. IST. W. of Danville. Eastport, p. v. in Fremont co., Iowa, on the INIississippi R. and on tlie Council Bluff & St. .Joseph R. R., 11 mis. N. N. W. of Hamburg. Eastport, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., •Eastport, port of entry in the above tn., on liUbec B., J9 mis. S. E. of Calais, on the Euro- pean & North American R. R. ; has steamboat connections with Boston, St. John's, New Brunswick, and with Calais. It is beautifully situated on Moose Island; has a fine harbor and is extensively engaged in fisheries and commercu. The principle article of commerce is lumber. One newspaper. Eastport, p. V. in Tishemingo CO., Miss., 23 mle. from tfacinto. Eastport, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on South- ern shore of Long Island. Pop., 135. East Portland, p. v. in Multnomah CO., Oreg. East Poultney, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt., 1% luls. E. of Poultney on tlie Rutland & Wash- ington R. R. East Prairie-ville, p. o. in Rice co., Minn. East Princeton, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., b mis. E. of Pratt's Junction on theFitchburg & Worcester R. R. East Providence, tn. in Bedford co., Pa. Pop., 1,'274. East Providence, tn. in Providence co., R. I. Pop., •2,m8. East Providence, p. v. in the above tn.,on the Boston & Providence R. R., i]4 mis. E. of Providence. East Pntnam, p. v. in Windham co., Conn., 3 mis. N. W. of Killingly. East Kandolph. v. in Norfollc CO., Mass., near the Old Colony & Newport R. R., 7 mis. S. of Quiucy. East Randolph, p. v. in Cattaragus CO., N. Y., •2 nils. E. of Randolph, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. East Randolph, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., 5 nils. E. of West Randolph on the West Central R. R. East Raymond, p. o. in Cumberland co., Me. East Readfield, v. in Kennebec co., Me., il^ nils. S. E. of Readfield Depot on the 3Iaiue Central R. R. East Richford, p. o. in Franklin co., Vt. East Richland, p. o. in Rice co., Minn. East Richland, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, 3 nils. W. of St. Clairsville. East Ridg^e, p. o. iu Clearfield cc, Pa. East Ridge, p. o. in Cheshire co., N". H. East Ring^g-old, p. o. in Pickaway co., Ohio. East River, p. v. in New Haven co., Conn., on the Shore Line R. R., 2^^ mis. E. of Guilford. East River, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 977. East River, p. o. in Cortland CO., N. Y. East River, tn. in Mercer co., W. Va. Pop., 1,119. East River, p. o. in the above tn. East Rochester, p. v. in Strafford co., N. H., on the Salmon Falls R., and 3 mis. N. E. or Rochester. East Rochester, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, on the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 31 mis. N. W. of Wellsville. East Rockaway, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. East Rockport, p. v. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio, near the mouth of Rock R. and Lake Erie, 8 mis. W. of Cleveland. East Rodman, p. o. in Jefferson co., N. Y. East Roxbnry, p. o. in Washington CO., \'t. East Rulo, p. o. in Holt co.. Mo. East Rumford, p. o. in Oxford co., Me. East Rupert, p. v. in Bennington co.,Vt. ,1014 nils. N. N. W. ofManchester. East Rush, p. o. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. East Rush C'reek, v. in Perry co., Ohio, 5 mis. W. of New Lexington by R. R. East Rushford, p. o. in Allegany co., N. Y. *East Sag^inaw, city in Saginaw co., Mich., on the Saginaw R., opposite Saginaw, and on the Flint & Pero Marquette R. R., 98 mis. N. W. of Detroit and 9 mis. S. of Bay Citj'. Has considerable commerce, numerous saw-mills and extensive salt works. Pop., 11,350. Five newspapers. *East Saint Eonis, p. v. in St. Clair co.. 111., on the Mississippi R., opi^osite St. Louis; is the place at which all the railroads leading to the last-named city from the E. center. Pop., .5,644. (This number probably includes thetn., which is not ascertained.) Two newspapers. East Salem, p. v. in AVasliington co., N. Y., 2 mis. E. of Shushan on the Troy & Rutland R. R. East Salem, p. o. in Juniata co.. Pa. East Salisbury, p. v. in Essex CO., Mass., near the N. bank of the Merrimack R. and on the Eastern R. R., 2 mis. N. of Newburyport. East Saubornton, V. in Belknap co.,^. H., near Winiiipiseogee Lake. East Sandwich, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the Cape Cod R. R., 2 nils. E. of Sandwich, East Sang-erville, p. o. in Piscataquis co., Me. East Sandy, p. o. in Venango co.. Pa. East Schodack, p. o. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. East Schuyler, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. Y., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdelisburg R. R., 51^ niLs. N. of Richland. East Scott, p. o in Cortland co., N. Y. East Setauket, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the northern shore of Long Island, 16% mis. X. E. of Suffolk. East Sharon, p. o. in Norfolk CO., Mass. East Sharon, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. East ShetCield, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., 2 mis. N. E. of Canaan, Conn. East Shelburne, p. o. in Franklin co., Mass. East Shelby, p. v. in Orleans CO.. N. Y., 3 mis. S. Of Millville. East Sheldon, p. o in Franklin co., Vt. East Shoreham, p. o. in Addison co., Vt. East Sniithfield, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., 9 nils. S. W. of Athens on the Pennsylvania & New York Canal and R. R. East Somerville, in Middlesex co., Mass.; in- corporated with Boston. East Springflcld, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. H. East Springfield, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 14 mis. N. E. of Cooperstown. East Springfield, p. v. in Jefferson co., Oliio, liJ mis. N. W. of Steubenville. Pop., 170. EAST SPRINGFIELD. 294 EATON. East Sitrin$;fleld, p. v. in Erie co., Pa., 2^^ mis. S. of North Spiingfleld on the Lake Shore R. R. East Sprin^hlll, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. East Steuben, p. o. in Oneida co., N. Y. East Stoiieham, p. v. in Oxford co., Me., 6 mis. N. W. of Waterford and 14 mis. W. of South Piiris. East Stoug'hton, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass. near the Old Colony & Newport R. R., S% mis. N. of Bridfjewater. East Sti-ondsburgb, p. v. in Moni-oc co.. Pa., on the Delaware & Lackawanna R. R., 94 mis. from New York and 53 mis. S. E. of Scranton. It lies 2 mis. N. E. of Stroudsburgh, the co. seat. East Sullivan, p. V. in Hancock co., Me., on frenchman's B., 16]^ mis. E. of Ellsworth. East Sullivan, p. o. in Cheshire co., N. H. East Sumner, p. v. in Oxford co., Me., on the Portland & Oxford Central R. R., 5 mis. N. of Bnckfleld. East Surry, p. o. in Hancock co.. Me. East Swanton, v. in Franklin co., Vt., near the Missisqui R. and on the Vermont & Can- ada R. R., 9 mis. N. of St. Albans. East Sycamore, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. East Taunton, p. v. in Bristol co., Mass., i)4 mis. by railroad S. E. of Taunton. *East Tawas, p. v. in Iosco co., Mich., on Sagi- naw B.. '1 mis. E. of Tawas. EastTempleton,p.v. in Worcester co., Mass., 2 mis. S. of Otter R., on the Vermont & Massa- chusetts R. R. East Texas, p. o. in Lehigh co., Pa. East Thetford, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., on the Connecticut R. and tlie Connecticut & Pas- sumpsic Rivers R. R., 16 mis. N. of White River Junction. East Thompson, p. o. in Windham co.. Conn. East Thorndyke, p. o. in Waldo co.. Me. East Tilton, p. v. in Belknap co., N. H., on Winnipiseogee Lake and tlie Boston, Con- cord and Montreal R. R., 5}^ mis. S. of I-aco- nia. East Toledo, p. v. in Lucas co., Ohio, % mle. E. of the city of Toledo. Easttown, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 7.36. East Townsend, p. v. in Huron co Ohio, opposite the city of Toledo, on the Maumee R., near its entrance into Lake Erie. East Traverse Bay, p. o. in Grand Traverse CO., Mich. East Troupsbarg'h, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. East Troy, p. o. in Waldo CO., Me. East Troy, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. East Troy, tn. in Walworth co.. Wis. Pop., 1,431. ♦East Troy, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. E. of Troy. East Trumbull, p. v. in Ashtabula co., Ohio, 11 mis. from Geneva. East Turner, p. o. in Anih-oscoggin co.. Me. East Union, v. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop., 857. East Union, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 1,86.5. East Union, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cleveland * Mt. Vernon R. R., 5 mis. S. W. of Orrville. East Union, tn in Schuylkill co., Pa. Pop., 614. East Unity, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. H. East Variok, p. o. in Seneca eo., N. Y. East Vassalborong'h, p. v. in Kennebec co., Mt'.. 4 nils. E. ot Vassalborough. East Venice, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., 19\4 mis. S. of Auburn. East View, p. o. in Hardin co., Ky. Eastville, tn. in Northampton co., Va. Pop., 3,395. ♦Eastville, p. v. and the co. seat of North- ampton CO., Va., near Chesapeake B., 150 mis. by water from Bichmonil and 40 mis. from Norfolk. East Vi ncent, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,971, East Vincent, v. in the above tn., on the Schuylkill R., opposite Rover's Ford, a sta- tion on the I'hiladelphia & Reading R. R.. i]^ mis. N. of Phnenixville. East Vir^fil. p. o. in Cortland co., N. Y. East Wakefield, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. East Wales, p. o. Androscoggin co., Me. East Wallingpford, p. o. in New Haven co., Conn. East Wallin^ford, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt., on Rutland & Burlington R. R., 121^ mis. N. W. of Ludlow. East Walpole, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., near the Norfolk County R. R., 6 mis. S. of Dedham. East Warehain, p. v. in Plvmouth co., Mass., on the Cape Cod R. R., 2 mis. E. of Wareham. East Warren, p. v. in Washington co., Vt., 5 mis. W. of Roxbury. East Washington, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. H., 10 mis. N. N. \V. of Hillsborough Bridge. East Waterford, p. v. in .Juniata" co.. Pa., on Tnsearora Cr., 24 mis. S. W. of Mifflinton. East Waterloo, In. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Pop., 013. East Wayborough, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. East Watertown, p. o. in .Jefferson, co., N. Y. East Weare. p. v. in Hillsborough co. , N. H.. on the Manchester & North Weare R. R., V/i mis. E. of the latter. East Westmoreland, p. v. in Cheshire co., N. H., on the Cheshire R. R., 9 mis. N. W. of Keene. East Weymouth, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the South Shore R. R., 6% mis. E. of Brain- tree. East Whately, p. v. in. Franklin co., Mass., on the Connecticut River R. R., 8 mis. S. or Greenfield. East Wheatfield, tn. in Indiana co., Pa. Pop., 1,104. East Wheatland, p. o. in Will co.. 111. East Whiteland, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1 222. East Williamsfleld, p. o. in Ashtabula Co., Ohio. East Wilson, p. o. in Niagara co., N. Y. East Wilton, p. v. in Franklin co.. Me., on the Androscoggin R. R., 5 mis. S. of Farmington. East Wilton, v. in Hillsborough eo., N. H. East Windham, p. o. in Greene eo., N. Y. East ^Vindsor, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. East Windsor, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. E. of Windsor Locks. East Windsor, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., 9 mis. N. E. of Hinsdale. East Windsor, tn. in Mercer co., N. J. Pop., 2,3S3. East Windsor Hill, p. v. in Hartford co., Conn., 2J.^ mis. E. of Windsor on the Connec- ticut R. East Winn, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. East Wiiithrop, p. v. in Kennebec co.. Me., 6 mis. ^Y. of Augusta. East Wobnrn, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R., 10 mis. N. N. W. of Boston. East Wolf, p. o. in Russell co., Kans. East Woodhnll, p. o. in Steuben eo., N. Y. East Woodstock, p. v. in Windham co., Conn., ■6]4 mis. S. W. of New Boston. East Worcester, p. v. in Otsego co., N. T., on the Albiinv & Susquehanna R. R., 12 mis. W. of Cobleskill. East Wrightstown, p. o. in Brown co., Wis. Eaton, CO. in Michigan, central part. Area, 484 sq. nils. Pop., 25,171; in I860, 16,476. The surface is low and the soil deep and productive. Some parts are swampy. It is drained by Battle Cr. and its tributaries, by the head-waters of Thornapple R., and in the N. E. by Grand R. Charlotte is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 326,377 bush.; rye, 253 bush.; Indian-corn, 231,955 bush.; oats, 300,800 EATON. 295 EDDYVILLE. bush.; Ii-ish pot's. 177,.313 busli.: wool, 221,732 lbs.; butter, 749,464 lbs.; hay, 31,212 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,611,210. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,803,256. Value of manu- factures, $849,123. Eaton, p. o. in Crawford co. , 111. Katoii, p. V. in Delaware co., Ind., on the Mis- siseinewa R., and Fort. Wayne, Muncie & Cin- cinnati K. R , 11 mis. N. of New Castle, and 6 mis. S of IMuncie. Eaton, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pqp., 522. Eaton, tu. in Eaton co., Mich. Pop., 2,035. Eaton, V. in the above tu., 20 mis. S. W. of Lansing. Eaton, tn. in Carroll CO.. N. H. Pop., 657. Eaton, V. in Cedar co., Mo. Eaton, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Pop., 3,690. Eaton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Chenango R. and the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 81^ mis. N. of Earlville. *Eaton, p. V. and the co. seat of Preble co., Ohio, on Seven-mile Cr., and the Cincinnati, Richmond & Chicago R. R., 54 mis. N. of Cin- cinnati ; is a flourishing place. Pop., 1,748. One newspaper. Eaton, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., 1,052. Eaton, tn. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Pop., 830. Eaton, p. o. in the above tn. Eaton, p. o. in Gibson co., Tenn. Eaton, tn. in Brown co., Wis. Pop., 358. Eaton, tn. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Pop., 1,468. Eaton, p. V. in the above tn., 14 mis. W. of Manitowoc. Eaton, tn. in Monroe co., Wis. Pop., 392. Eaton, tn. in Clark co.. Wis. Pop., 316 Eaton Centre, p. v. in Carroll co., N. H., 23 mis. N. of Ossipee. Eaton Rapids, tn. in Eaton co., Mich. Pop., 3,63(5. Eaton Rapids, p. v. in the above tn., on the Grand River Valley R. R., 11 mis. E. S. E. of Charlotte. Has favorite magnetic springs. Pop., 1,221. One newspaper. Eaton's Cross Roads, p. o. in Loudon co., Tenn. Eatonton, p. v. and the co. seat of Putnam CO., Ga.;is the terminus of a branch R. R. connecting it with Milledgeville (22 mis.), and has excellent schools. Pop., 1,240. One news- paper. •Eatontown, p. v. in Monmouth co., N. J., on the New Jersey Southern R R., II14 mis. N. of Farmingdale. One newspaper. Eatonville, p. v. in Herkimer CO., N. Y., 4mls. N. W. of Little Palls. Ean Claire, p. v. in Beri-ienco., Mich., 33>^ mis. N. of Berrien Sprinjjs. Ean Claire, p. o. in Butler CO., Pa. Ean Claire, co. in Wis., W. part. Area, 620 sq. mis. Pop., 10,769 ; in 1860, 3,162. Tlie soil is productive and the surface diversifled. Chip- pewa R. flows through the N. W. part, and its tributary, E-iu Claire R., through the central from E. to W. The co. is intersected by the West Wisconsin R. R. Eau Claire is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 205,- 827 bush.; rye, 4,243 bush.; Indian-corn, 69,964 bush.; oats, 294,493 bush.; Irish pofs, 29,011 bush.; butter, 124,-365 lbs.; hay, 5,760 tons. Cash value of tarms, $1,340,38.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $576,320. Value of manu- factures, $l,409,a46. *Eau Claire, p. v. and the co. seat of Eau Claire CO., Wis., at the junction of the Eau Claire and Chippewa Rs., and on the West Wiscon- sin R. R., 87 mis. N. W. of Toniah. It has sev- eral saw mills and is engaged in the lumber trade. Pop., 5,000. One newspaper. Ean Oalle, p. o. in Brevard co., Fla. Esin Oalle, tn. in Dunn co.. Wis. Pop., 978. Ean Galle, p. v. in the above tn., 5)4 mis. N. W. of Durand. Eau Oalle, tu. in St. Croix co., Wis. Pop., 535. Eau Pleine, tn. in Portage co.. Wis. Pop., 333. Ean Pleine, p. v. in the above tn., on the Wis- consin R., 14 mis. N. of Stevens Point. Ebenezer, p. o. in Greene co., Mo. Ebenezer, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., near the BulTalo & Washington R. R., 6 mis. S. E. of Bulfalo. Pop., 449. Ebenezer, p. o. in Preble co., Ohio. Ebenezer, p. o. in Indiana co., Pa., 5 mis. from Kelly's Station on the West Pennsylvania R. R. Ebenezer, p. o. in Darlington district, S. C. Ebenezer, p. o. in Knox co., Tenn. ^Ebensburgh, p. bor. and co. seat of Cam- bria co.. Pa., on a branch of the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 11 mis. N. W. of Cresson and 113 mis. from Pittsburgh. It lies W. of the principal chain of the Alleghany Mts., and is engaged in the lumber and coal trade. Three newsiwpers. Pop., 1,240. Eberhardt, p. o. in White Pine co., Nev. Eberle, p. o. in Eflanghamco., 111. Eberly's Mill, p. o. in Cumberland CO., Pa. Ebervale, p. o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Ebey's Landing, v. in Island co.. Wash. Ter. Eby, p. o. in Warrick co , Ind. Ectao, p. o. in Dale co., Ala. Echo, p. o. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Ecbo, p. o. in Trousdale co., Tenn Ecbo, p. o. in Live Oak co., Tex. Ecbo City, p. o. in Summit co., Utah. Echols, CO. in Ga.. S. part. Area, 364 sq. mis. Pop., 1,978; in 1860, 1,491. It borders on Fla., and is intersected by the AUapaha R. The surface is low and level, and consists partly of productive hummock-land and barren sand tracts. Statenville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 41,814 bush.; oats, 7,947 bush.; Irish pot's, 166 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,957 bush.; cotton, 457 bales ; rice, 3,840 lbs.; butter, 1,783 lbs. Cash value of farms, $95,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $96,822. Value of manufactures, $29,920. Eckford, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 1,011. Eckley, p. o. in Carroll co., Ohio. Eckley, p. v. in Luzerne co.. Pa., on a branch of the Lehigh Valley R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of Penn Haven. EckmansTille, p. v. in Adams co., Ohio, 9 mis. N. W. of West Union. Eclipse, p. o. in Coffey co., Kans. Ecoufina, p. o. in Washington co., Fla. Economy, p. v. in Wayne CO., ind., 7 mis. N. of Washington. Pop., 229. Economy, p. o. in Macon co., Mo., in the vil- lage of Vienna, 3 mis. from Atlanta. Economy, tn. in Beaver co., Pa. Pop., 1.324. Economy, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pitts- burgh & Fort Wayne R. R., 15 mis. N. W. of Pittsburgh and on the Ohio R.; is the settle- ment of the German 's Harmony Society,' who came here under the leadership of Rupp, in 1825. Economy, p. o. in Hardin co., Tenn. Ecora Fabra, tn. in Ouachita co.. Ark. Pop., 2,325. Ecorse, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 2,211. Ecorse, p. v. in the above tn., on the Detroit Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan South- crn R, R., 11 mis. S. W. of Detroit. Edding:ton, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 776. Eddington, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pen- obscot R., 5 mis. N. E. of Bangor. Edding'ton, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Trenton R. R., 15^^ mis S. W. of Trenton, and 12% mis. N. E. of Philadel- phia. „ Eddy town, p. v. in Yates co., N. Y., near Sene- ca Lake and the Elmira, Jefferson & Canan- daigua R. R., 14 mis. S. S. E. of Penn Yan. Eddyvillc, p. o. in Pope co., HI. EDDYVILLE. 296 EDGEFIELD. •Eddy ville, p. v. in Wapello CO., Iowa, at the junction of the Central Iowa R. R. and the Des Moines Valley R. R., 13 mis. N. E. of Al- hia and 16 mis. N. W. of Ottumwa. It lies on the Des Moines R., in a fertile agricultural dis- trict. Pop., 1,212. One newspaper. Eddy ville, p. v. and the co. scat of Lyon co., Ky., on the Cumberland R.. 30 mis. from Pa- dncah. Pop., .380. Eddyville, p. v. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 8 mis. E. of Cattaraugus. Eddyville, v. in Ulster CO., N. Y., on Rondout Cr., 2 mis. S. of Kingston. Eddyville, p. v. in Armstrong co., Pa.", on Ma- honing Cr., and 20 mis. N. E. of Kittanniug. Eden, p. o. in St. Clair co., Ala. Eden, p. o. in Columbia co., Ark. Eden, tn. in Alameda co., Cal. Pop., 3,.341. Eden, p. v. in Lincoln co.. Dak., 15 mis. S. of Canton. Eden, p. V. in Effingham co., Ga., on the Georgia Central R. R., 20 mis. N. W. of Sa- vannah. Eden, the co. seat of Bryan co., Ga., near the Canonchee R. and 32 mis. W. of Savannah. It is 9 nils. N. of Ways Station on the Atlantic & Gulf K. R. Eden, p. o. in Iroquois CO., 111. Eden, tn. in La Salle co., 111. Pop., I,,'i23. Eden, p. V. in Hancock co., Ind., 8 mis. from Gret^nland. Eden, tn. in La Grange co., Ind. Pop., 930. Eden, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 80t. Eden, tn. in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 985. Eden, tn. in Decatur co., Iowa. Pop., 1,0(55. Eden, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop.. 927. Eden, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. "W. N. W. of West Union. Eden, tn. in Marshall CO., Iowa. Pop., 049. Eden, p. o. in Atchison co., Kan. Eden, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 1,195. Eden, p. o. in the above tn. Eden, p. v. in Ingham co., Mich., 3 mis. S. of Mason by R. R. Eden, p. b. in Fillmore co., Nebr. Eden, tn. in Eric co., N. Y. Pop., 2,270. Eden, p. v. in the above tn., i% nils. S. E. of Korth Evans on the Buffalo ami Erie R. R. Eden, p. v. in Randolph co., N. C, 10 mis. S. E. of Thomasville on the North Carolina R. R. Eden, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 782. Eden, tn. in Wyandot CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,423. Eden, tn. in Seneca co., Ohio. Pop., 1.483. Eden, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 1,075. Eden, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. Eden, p. o. in Lanrens district, S. C. Eden, p. o. in Weber co., Utah. Eden, tn. in Lamoille co., Vt. Pop.. 958. Eden, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. N. of Hyde Park. Eden, tn. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis. Pop., 1,448. Eden, p. o. in the above tn. Edenbnrgli, p. v. in Shenandoah co., Va., on Stony Cr. and Manassas Division of Orange & Manassas R. R., nils. S. W. of Woodstock. A manufacturing and tobacco center. One newspaper. Eden L.aUe, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 244. Eden Ealie, p. o. in Stearns co., Minn. Eden mills, p. o. in La Grange co., Ind. Eden Mills, p. o. in Lamoille co., Vt. Eden Prairie, tu. in Hennepin co., Minn. Pop., fiKl Eden Prairie, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. of Shakopec. Eden's Ridg'e, p. o. in Sullivan co., Tenn. Edenton, p. o. in Madison co., Ky. Edonton, p. o. in St. Lawrence co.. N. Y. »Edenton, p. v. and the co. scat of Chowan co., N. C, on Albeniarie Sound, neiow the moutli of the Chowan R., 50 mis. E. S. E. of Weldon and 32 mis. E. N. E. of Williamston. It is a port of entry and has considerable coast trade. Pop., 1,243 ; 'in 1860, 1,007. Edenton, p. v. in Clermont CO., Ohio, 15 mis., E. N. E. of Milford. Eden Valley, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Edenville, )). v. in Marshall co., Iowa, 6 mis from State Centre. Edenville, p. v. in IMidland co., Mich., 12U mis. N. of Averill's Station on the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Edenville, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y.,3 mis. W. N. W. of Warwick. Edenville, p. o. in Erie co.. Pa. Edes Falls, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., 32 nils. N. W. of Portland. Edesville, p. v. in Kent co., Md., 8 mis. S. W. of Chcstertown. Edford, tn. in Henry CO.. 111. Pop., 94S. Edgar, CO. in 111., E. part, bordering on Ind. Area, 610 sq. mis. Pop., 21,4.50; in 1860, 16,925. The surface is gently undulating, the soil fer- tile. It is drained by the atfluents of the Wabash R. The Terre Haute. Alton & St. Louis R. R. passes through the S. part. Paris is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 200,643 bush.; rye, .37,503 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,- 107,615 bush.; oats, 290,679 bush.; Irish pot's, 88,- 508bush.; sweet pot's, 2,^38 bush.; butter, 4.i7,104 lbs.; hay, 36,638 tons. Cash value of fai-ms, $10,328,99"6. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,368,421. Value of manufactures, $760,- 388. Edgar, tn. in Edgar co.. 111. Pop., 1,617. Edgard, p. v. in St. .John Baptist parish. La., antl the co. scat, on the Mississippi R., 16 mis. N. W. of Boutte, and 52 mis. above New Or- leans. One newspaper. Edgar, p. o. in Edgar co., 111. Edgar, p. o. in Clay CO., Neb. Edgar Sprijigs, p. o. in Phelps CO., Mo. Edgartowm tn. in Dukes Co., Mass. Fop., 1.516. ♦Edgartown, p. v. in the above tn., the co. seat, and a port of entry, on INIarthas Vine- vard Island, 36 mis. S. E. of New Bedford. 'The inhabitants arc largely engaged in Ash- ing. One newspaper. Edgecombe, co. in N. C, N. E. part. Area, 620 sq. mis. Pop., 22,970; in 1860, 17,376. The sur- face is generally level and the soil fertile. The Tar R. passes through the central and eastern part. Fishing R. forms most of the N. bound- ary,and ]iassingthroua.h the central part flows into the Tar R. The Wilmington & Weldon R. R. intersects the co. from N. to S. Tar- borough is the CO. seat. Agr. nroductions in 1S70: Wheat, 0,102 bush.; rye, 223 bush.; In- dian-corn. 48S,800 bush.; oats, 4S,.573 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,410 bush.; sweet pot's, 58,055 bush.; cotton, 1S,,301 bales; butter, 11,369 lbs.; hay, 3,0.59 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,353,471. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,348,276. Value of manufactures, $267,762. Edgecomb, tn. in Lincoln co., Me. Pop., ],o.5(;. Edgeoomb, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. S. E. of Wiscassct. Edgefield, district in S. C, W. part. Area, 1,200 sq. nils. Pop., 42,486; in 1860, 39,887. The surface is hilly ; the soil good. The Savan- nah R. separates it from Ga. on the S. W. The CO. is bounded on the N. by tbe Saluda R. Stevens Cr. flows through tlie W. part. The Greenville & Columbia R. R. touches the N. corner, and the South Carolina R. R. passes through the S. part, terminatingat Hamburg. Edgefiold Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 53,157 bush.; rye, 104 bush.; Indian-corn, 412,259 bush.; oats, 77,- 370 bush.: Irish pot's, 2,175 bush.; sweet pot's, 29,896 bush.; cotton. 17,.5,53 bales: butter, 91,110 lbs. Cash value of tarms, $2,13.5,331 Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding aIiIIs, p. o. in Clinton co., Ind. Edna l^ills, p. o. in Charles City co., Va. Edney ville, p. o. in Henderson CO., N. C, 48 mis. from Morgantown. Edom, p. o. in Van Zandt co., Tex. Edom, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. Edon, p. V. in Williams co., Ohio, 10 mis. N. of Edgerton. Edray, p. o. in Pocahontas co., W. Va. Edsailville, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Edson, tn. in Chippewa co., Wis. Pop., 231. Edsou, p. o. in Chippewa co., Wis. Edwards, co. in 111., S. E. part. Area, 200 sq. mis. Pop., 7 565 ; in 1860, 5,451. The surface 13 undulating, consisting chiefly of rolling prai- ries ; the soil is rich. Bounded E. by the Bonapas Cr. The Wabash II touches the S. E. corner and the Little Wabash flows through the W. part. The lUiiiois Southern R. R. passes through the S. E. corner. Albion is tha CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 122,703 bush.; rye, 528 bush.; Indian-corn, 352,- 871 bush.; oats, 129,152 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,52. bush.; sweet pot's, 187 bush.; butter, 32,533 lbs.- hay, 7,374 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,677,847. To"tal, estimated, value of all farm produo- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $642- 221. Value of manufactures, $70,748. Edwards, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 1,076. Edwards, p. v. in the above tn., on the Os- wegatchi'e R., 14 mis. E. of Gouverneur on the Rome, Water town & Ogdensburg R. R. Edwards, p. o. in Patrick co., Va. Edwards, p. v. in Sheboygan co.. Wis., 11 mis. N. W. of Sheboygan. Edwardsburgh, p. v. in Cass co.,Mich., onthft Peninsular R. R. of Mich., 5)^ mis S. S. W. of Cassopolis. Pop., 297. Edwards' Depot, p. v. in Hinds co.. Miss. on the Vicksburg & Meridian R. R., 9 mis. W. of Bolton. Edward's Mill, p. o. in Beaufort co., N. C. Edwardsport, p. v. in Knox co., Ind., on the West Branch of the White R. and the Indian apolis & Vincennes R. R., 18),^ nils. N. E. of Vincennes. Edward's Station, p. o. in Peoria co.. 111. Edwardsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Cl^ biirne co., Ala., 20 nils, from Jacksonville. *Edwardsville, p. v. and the co. seat ot Ma^U- EDWAEDSVILLE. 29S ELBERT. 80n CO., 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western K. R., 19 inls. N. N. E. of East St. Louis, and ou Cahokia Cr. It is suri'ounded by a rich agricultural district, and has an active trade. Poji., '2,193. Three newspapers. Etlward«iville, p. v. in Floyd co., Ind., 5 mis. W. of New Albany. Ednard^iville, p. v. in Wyandotte co., Kans., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 13 mis. from State Line. Edwardsville, p. o. in Surrey co., K. C. Edwardsville, p. v. in St Lawrence co., N. Y., on Black Lake, 15 nils. S. of Ogdensbnrj?. Edwardsvllle, p. v. in Warren co., Oino, on the Cincinnati & Zanesville R. R., 5 mis. S. W. of Clarkesville. Edu'liia^ p. o. in Monroe co., Ohio. Edwinton, p. o. in l5on Homme co., Dak. Eel, tn. in (Jass CO., Ind. Pop., 160. Eel River, tn. in Humboldt co., Cal. Pop., H-27. Eel River, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. S. of Kureka. Eel River, rises among the Coast Mts. of California, in Mendocino co.; flows N. W. tlironglia narrow valley and empties into the Pacific Ocean N. of Cape Minidocino. Its principal tributaries are the North Fork, the South Fork and the Van Diisen Fork. Eel River, a tributary of the White R., in Ind. ; rises in Hcijdricks co., and flows through Putnam, Clay and Greene cos. Eel River, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 1,217. Eel River, p. o. in the above tn. Eel River, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., .501. Eel River, tn. in Hendricks co., Ind. Pop., l.HTO. Efling'Uani, co. in Ga., E. part. Area,3.30sq. mis. .Pop., 4,'.'14 ; in 1800, iJiH. It extends from the Savannah R., which separates it from S. C, to the Ogeechee K. Tlie surface is low and level ; the soil mostly sandy and but moderately pro- ductive. Springflcid is the co. seat. Agr. l^roductions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 55,854 bush.; oats, 3.189 bush.; Irisli pot's, .50 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,93-2 bush., cotton, 294 bales ; rice, 149,- 455 lbs.; butter, 1,.575 lbs. Cash value of farms, $10(),4S5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $115,279. Value of manufactures, .$.54,302. Eflingtaani, co. in 111., S. central part. Area, 510 sq. mis. Pop., 15,053; in 1800, 7,810. The surface is generally level ; the soil fertile. It is drained by the Little Wabash R. and a number of sniall creeks flowing into it. Iron and lead are found. Tlie Terre Haute and St. Louis R. It. intersects it from N. E. to S. W., and the Illinois Ci-ntral from N. to S. The Springfield and Southeastern R R. also passes through theS. \V. part. Eflingliam is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 195,793 bush.; rye, 19,751 bush.; Indian-corn, 620,247 bush.; oats, 386,073 ))ush.; Irish pot's, 54,071 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,142 bush.; butter, 210,1.55 lbs.; hay, 11,300 tons. Casli value of farms, $4,375,770. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,379,4.5.5. Value of manufactures, $.547,920. *EfIlng:liain, p. v. and the co. seat of Efflng- ham CO., 111., at the intersect ion of the Illinois Central Central It. R. with the St. Louis, Van- dalia & Terre Haute R. R., and the Blooming- ton & Ohio River R. R., 199 nds. S. of Chicago and 07 mis. VV. of Terre Haute. Pop., 2,383. Three newspapers. Eftingliiiin, p. o. in Atchison co., Kans. Elling'liiiin, tn. in Carroll co., N. H. Pop., 904. E Hi nj; lilt 111, p. o. in the above tn. Eflin^liiiin Fall^, p. v. in Carroll co., N. H., 8 nds. X. X. E. of Ossipee. E9lin^liain Station, p. v. in Marion district, S. C. on Lynches Cr. and the Northeastern R. R.. 9 inls. S. of Florence. Ellort, p. o. in Monr<')e Co., Pa. EJird'B .Tlitls, p. o. in Stanly co., N. C. Ei^an, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 670. Eg'an Canyon, p. v. in White Pine co., Nov. 125 mis. S. of Elko on the Central Pacific R. R Pop., 93. Eggertsville, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., 7 mis. N. E. of BuflTalo. £g:g Harbor, tn. in Atlantic co., N. J. Pop., 3,58,5. Ejfg Harbor, tn. in Door CO., Wis. Pop., 165. Eg-g Harbor, p. o. in the above tn. *Egg Harbor €lty, p. v. in Atlantic CO., N. J., on the Camden & Atlantic R. R., 19^mls. N. W. of Atlantic City and 42 mis. S. E. of Philadelphia. It is mostl5' settled by Ger. mans. Has cigar and cloth factories. Pop., 1,311. Four newspapers. Eggleston, tn. in Muskegon co., Mich. Pop., 233. Egglcston's Springs, p. o. in Giles co., Va. Egg-'s Point, p. V. in Washington co., Miss., on the Missis.sippi R. and 21 mis. from Green- ville. Eglantine, p. o. in Van Buren co., Ark. Egremont, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 931. J^gypti tn. In Ashley CO., Ark. Pop., 513. I^gypt, p. o. in Effingham CO., Ga. Egypt, p. o. in Carroll co., Ind. Egypt, p. V. in Chickasaw co.. Miss., on the Mobile and Ohio R. R., 8 mis. S. of Okolona. Egypt, p. V. in Monroe CO., N. Y., 4mls. S. W. of West Macedon, on the New York Central R. E. Egypt, p. o. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Egypt, p. o. in Monroe CO., W. Va. Egypt Depot, p. V. in Chatham co., N. C, on the Western R. R., 9 mis. N. E. of Jonesboro. Egypt 9Iill!9, p. o. in Cape Girardeau co.. Mo. Egypt >Iills, p. o. in Pike co.. Pa. Elirenberg, p. v. in Yuma co., Ariz., 7 mis. S. of La Paz. Pop., 223. Eighteen Mile, p. o. in Pickens district, S. C. Eight Mile Creek, p. o. in Harrison co., Tex. Eight Mile . Elbridgre, p. v in the above tn., 4U mis. S. of Joidun near New York Central R. R. Pop., El Dara, p. v. in Pike co.. 111., 8 mis. S. W. of Saloni on the Hannibal & Naples 11. R. EUlciia, p. V. in Leo co.. 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., ii% mis. S. E. of Dixon. Elder's Bidgpe, p. v. in Indiana co., Pa., 14 mis. W. S. W. of Indiana, the co. seat. Eldersville, v. in Washington co.. Pa., '2 mis. S. \V. of Burgetts Town. Eldertoii., p. v. in Armstrong co., Pa., 14 mis. S. W. of Kittanning. Pop., 'iSo. Eldon., p. V. in Wapello co^ Iowa. Eldora, tn. in Hardin co., Iowa. Pop. 2,070. *Eldora, p. V. and the co. seat of Hardin co., Iowa, on the Iowa R. and the Central Iowa R. R., 27 mis. N. of Marshalltovvn ; ships coal, lumber and grain. Pop., 1,208. One newspa- per. El Dorado, co. in Gal., E. part. Area, 1,950 sq. mis. Pop., 10,309 ; in 18G0, 20.552. The co. has a general slope from E. to W., as the eastern part extends across the principle crest of the Sierra Nevada, and the western into the low plain 'of the Sacramento R. The Middle Fork of the American R. forms the northern boun- dary and the South Fork drains it. Three- fourths, embracing the mountainous portion, are heavilj' timbered, while the most westerly section is destitute of trees. Nearly all the cereals, fruits and vegetables are cultivated in the valleys and on the alluvial fla ts, and the wine grown on the hill sides ranks among the best of California. The gold mines are the chief source of wealth. Valuable marble quarries are found in several localities. Placerville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 3,099 bush.; rye, 5(i7 bush.; Indian-corn, 58 bush.; oats, 265 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,693 bush.; wool, .50,096 lbs.; butter, 215,530 lbs.; hay, 6,235 tons. Cash value of farms, 8072,285. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$408,443. Value of manufactures, $152,876. El I>orado, tn. in Union co., Ark. Pop., 2,,349. El I»orado, p. v. in the above tn., and the CO., scat, 105 mis. S. by W. of Little Rock. Two nowsp!i]iers. El I>orado, p. v. in El Dorado co., Cal., 5 mis. K. of Shingle Si^rings. El Dorado, p. v. in Saline co.. 111., on St. Louis & S. Eastern R. R., 17 mis. S. of McLeonsboro. Eldorado, tn. in McDonough co.. 111. Pop., 1,105. Eldorado, tn. in Saline co.. 111. Pop., 1,691. Eldorado, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 777. El Dorado, p. v. in Fayette co., Iowa, on Tur- key II. 7 mis. N. of West Union. Eldorado, tn. in Butler co., Kansas. Pop., 797. *E1 Dorado, p. v. and the co. seat of Butler CO., Kans., 33 mis. S. of Florence, in the midst of a new and thriving agricultural district. One newspaper. Eldorado, v. in Mercer co., Ky. El Dorado, p. o. in Clark co.,"Mo., in the v. of Luray, on the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska R. R., 2omls. W. of Alexandria. El Dorado, p. v. in Preble co.,Ohio, on the Dayton & Western R. R., 27 mis. W. of Dayton. El Dorado, p. o. in Baker co., Oreg. El Dorado, p. v. in Blair co., Pa., on the Penn- sylvania Central R. R.. 4 mis. S. of Altoona. EI Dorado, p. o. in Culpepper co., Va. El Dorado, tn. in Fond du Lac CO., Wis. Pop., 1,675. ■*" El Dorado, \'^^o. in the above tn. El Dorado Mills, p. v. in Fond du Lac co., Wis., on the Sheboygan & Fond du Lac R. E., 9 mis. W. of Fond du Lac. Eldred, p. o. in Saunders co., Nebr. Eldred, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Eldred, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa., Pop., 789. Eldred, tn. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 937. Eldred, p. o. in Wayne co.. Pa. Eldred, tn. in SchuVlkill co., Pa. Pop., 963 Eldred, tn. in .lefferson co.. Pa. Pop., 832. Eldred, tn. in McKean co.. Pa. Pop., 897. Eldred, tn. in Warren co.. Pa. Pop., 557. Eldredgreville, p. o. in Ford co.. 111. Eldrednville, p. v. in SuUiranco., Pa., 15 mis. N W. of Laporte. Eldr!d,'?e, p. o. in Walker co., Ala. Eldridije, p. o. in Scott cp., Iowa. Eldridge, p. o. in Sedgwick co., Kans. Elenor, p. o. in Clermont co., Ohio. Eleroy, p. v. in Stephenson co.. III., on the Il« linois Central 11. R., 8 mis. from Freeport. Eleven 3Iile, ii. o. in Potter co., Pa. El^in, J). V. in Jackson co , Ark., on the Black R., and 13 mis. from Jaeksonport. Elg'lsi, tn. in Kane co.. 111. Pop., 6,739. *Elg'in, city in the above tn., at the junction of the Fox llivcr Valley R. R. with the Chica- go & Northwestern R. R., 42 mis. W. of Chi- cago and 146 mis. E. of Dubuque, Iowa. It lies on Fox R., which affords ample water- power. It has numerous manufactories, among which is the Elgin Watch Factory, justly famous for the excellence of its pro- ducts. The surrounding country is very fer- tile. Pop., 5,441 ; in 1860, 2,797. Three news- papers. Elg'ln, p. V. in Fayette co., Iowa, on the Tur- ki)y K., 12 rals. E". of West Union. Elg'in, tn. in Plymouth co., Iowa. Pop., 429. El;ii-in, p. v. in Howard co., Kans. El^in, tn. in Wabashaw co., Minn. Pop., 878. Elg'in, p. V. in the al)ove tn., 25 mis. S. W. of Wabashaw and 16 mis. N. E. of Rochester. Elg^in, p. V. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 5 mis. N. W. of Cuba on th(3 Erie R. R. Elgin, p. o. in Bastrop co., Tex. Elhi, p. o. in Pierce co.. Wash. Ter. Elida, p. V. in Winnebago co., 111., 9 mis. S. W. of Rockford. Pop., 486. Elida, p. o. in Franklin co., Iowa. Elida, p. V. in Allen co., Ohio, on the Pitts- liui-gh. Fort Wavne & Chicago R. R., (i],i mis. , N. W. of Lima. Pop., 533. Elimsport, p. v. in Lycoming co.. Pa., 10 mis. S. W. of Montgomery Station on the North- ern Central R. R. Elinor, p. o. in Chase co., Kans. Eli von, p. o. in Harvey co., Kans, Eliza, tn. in Mercer co.. 111. Pop., 767. Eliza, p. o. in the aljove tn. Elizabeth, p. o. in Coffee co., Ala. Elizabctli, p. o. in Grundy co., Iowa. Elizabeth, tn. in Jo Daviess co.. 111. Pop., 1,618. ♦Elizabeth, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. S. E. of Galena. Elizabeth, p. v. in Harrison co., Ind., 12 mis. S. E. of Corydon. Pop., 216. ♦Elizabeth, formerly Elizabethtown, city and the co. scat of Union co., N. J., on Eliza- betlitown Cr., and at the intersection of the Camden & Aniboy R. R. with the New Jersey Central R. R., 15'mls. S. S. W. of New York and 5 mis. from Newark. It has numerous manufacturing establishments, and is hand- somely built. It was settled in 1665. Pop., 20,832 ; in 1860, 11,567. Eight newspapers. Elizabeth, tn. in Lawrence CO., Ohio. Pop., 3,357. Elizabeth, tn. in Miami CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,233 Elizabeth, v. in Morgan co., Ohio. Pop., l,32i ELIZABETH. 300 ELK GROVE. Elizabeth, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 2,937. Elizabetb, p. v. in the above tn., near the Mononarahela R., 7 mis. S. of McKeesport. Eliza>>et1i, tn. in Lancastci- co.. Pa. Pop., 955. ElizabctEa, p. o. in Donton cOy Tex. Elizabeth, tn. in Wirt co., W. Va. Pop., 804. Elizabeth City, co. in Va , S. E. part. Area about 50 9q. mis. Pop., 8,303 ; in 1S50, 5,798. Tliis small co. forms the extremity of the York Peninsula, and borders on Hampton Roads and on Chesapeake B. The surface is low and level ; tlie soil very productive. Hampton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 10,820 hush.; rye, 20 bush.; Indian- corn, 78,f>t'J bush.; oats, 6,717 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,024 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,879 bush.; butter, 1,1(; t. Cash value of farms, ^J>77,23'). Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cludinsadditions to stock, etc., $210,2-49. Value of manufactures, $77,845. ♦Elizabeth City, p. v. and the co. seat of Pas- quotank CO., N. U., on the Pasquotank R„ 19 mis. above its mouth and 50 mis. S. of Nor- folk, Va. It has lumber and grain trade. Pop., 9,30. One newspaper. Elizabeth Furnace, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., on the Cliesapeake & Ohio R. R., 15 mis. S. W. of Stanton. Elizabeth Islands, forming part of Barn- stal)le CO., Mass.; they lie between Buzzard's B. and Vineyard Sound. But three of the six- teen small islands forming this group are in- habited. Elizabeth Port, p. v. in Union co., N". J., at the lower end of Newark B., 1 mle. from.Eliz- beth and 14 mis. S. W. of New York. It has num;iroas manufactories, and steamboats make daily trips to New York. Elizabeth "River, a tributary of the James R. in Norfolk co., Va.; forms a wide estuary, which receives the Eastern and Western Branches. Elizabetht»wm, p. v. and the co. seat of Car- ter CO., Tenn., on the East Tennessee & West North Carolina K. R., 15 mis. E. of Jonesbor- ough. Pop., 321. *EUzabethtown, p. v. and the co. seat of Har- din CO., 111., on the Ohio R., 20 mis. S. W. of Shawneetown ; in the midst of a rich mining section. Two newspapers. Elizabcthtown, v. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 113. Elizabethtown, p. v. in Bartholomew co., Ind., on the Jefl'ersonville, Madison & Indian- apolis R. R., 7 mis. S. B. of Columbus. Pop., 297. Elizabethtown, p. o. in Anderson co., Kan». *Elizabcthtown, p. v. and tin; co. seat of Hardin eo., Kv., at tlio intersection of the Ijonisville & Nashville R. R. with the Eliza- bcthtown & Paducah R. R., 12 mis. S. of Louis- ville. It lies on Valley Cr. and has two semina- ri^'j. Pop., 1,7^3. One newspaper. Elizabethtown, p. o. in Otter Tail co., Minn. *Eiizabelhtown, p. v. and the co. seat of Collax CO., N. Mex., 95 mis. N. of Santa Fe and 21t.') nils. S. of Denver, Colo. Oue newspaper. Elizabcthtuwn, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., l.is^. *Elizabethtown, p. V. in the above tn. and ihc eo. scat, iS-K mis. W. of Westport on Lake Clianipiain. The surrounding country is rich in irou ore. 0]ie newspaper. Elizabethtown, p. v. and the co. seat of Bla- (I'Mi CO., N. C, oa Cape Fear R., 10 mis. from Kosinihi,l(\ Pop., 02. EIiizabethti»^vn, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. E!izaB>ethto\v]), p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 17'X mis. W. N. \V of Lancaster, in a rich agricul- tiiral section Oue newspaper. Pop., 8.")S. Elizabethvllle, p. o. in Pendleton co., Ky. OCiizabethvillc, p. v. in D.iuphiu eo.,Pa., near the Lykens Valli;y R. R., S mis. E. of Millers- burg on the Northern Central 11. R. EllzaTille, p. o. in Boone co., Ind., 8 mis. N. E. of Lebanon. Elizaville, p. v. in Fleming co., Ky., 9 mis, from Flemingsburg. Pop., 1.80. Elizaville, p. v. in Columbia CO., N. Y., on .lansen's Cr., 3 mis. E. of Tivoli. Ellc, p. o. in Decatur co., Iowa. Elk, tn. in Claj'ton co., Iowa. Pop., 901. Elk, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 927. Elk, tn. in Cloud co., Kans. Pop., 501. Elk, p. o. in Saginaw co., Mich. Elk, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 63.3. Elk, tn. in McDonald co.. Mo. Pop., 941 Elk, tn. in Stoddard co.. Mo. Pop., 621. Elk, tn. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,655. Elk, tn. in Vinton co., Ohio. Pop., 2,033. Elk, CO. in Pa , N. W. central part. Area about 7.50 sq. mis. Pop., 8,488; in 18o0, .5,915. The western part of the co. is intersected by the Clarion R. and its branches, the soutli- eastern by Bennett's Brancli and Driftwood Branch of Sinnemahoning Cr. The surface is broken, mountainous and almost everywhere heavily timbered. The soil is better adapted to stock raising than farming. Bituminous coal is abundant. The Philadelphia & Erie R. R. in- tersects the CO., from S. E. to N. W. Ridge- way is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,761 bush.; rye, 6,372 bush.; oats, 61,573 bush.; Indian-corn, 12,234 bush.; Irish pot's, 35,694 bush.; butter, 108,730 llxs.; liay, 6,182 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,019,820. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $407,047. Value of manufactures, $1,524,392. Elk, tn. in Chester eo.. Pa. Pop., &39. Elk, tn. in Clarion co.. Pa. Pop., 1,055. Elk, tn. in Tioga CO., Pa. Pop., 172. Elk, tn. in Warren co.. Pa. Pop., 469. Elk, tn. in Barbour co., W. Va. Pop., 1,010. Elk, tn. in Harrison co., W. Va. Pop., 1,361. Elk, tn. in Kanawha co., W. Va. Pop.-, 2,451. Elk, tn. in Mineral co., W. Va. Pop., 423. Elk, p. o. in Pocaliontas eo., W. Va. Elk, p. V. in Manitowoc CO., Wis., 12>^ mis. N. W. of Manitowoc. *Elka. Elk Run, p. o. in Tioga co.. Pa. Elk Run, p. o. in Fauquier co., Va. Elk Run, tn. in Rockingham co., Va. Pop., 2,341. Elk Shoals, p. o. in Iredell co., N. C. Elkton, V. in Crawford co.. 111., 20 mis. S. W. of Marshall. "^Elkton, p. V. and the co. seat of Todd co., Ky., 9 mis. N. E. of Trenton and 10 mis. N. W. of AUensville. ^Elkton, p. V. and the co. seat of Cecil co., Md., on the Philadelphia & Baltimore R. R., 46 mis. S. W. of Philadelphia, and 52 mis. N. E. of Baltimore. It lies on Elk R., which affords water-power for several manufactories. Two newspapers. Elkton, p. V. in Hickory co., Mo., 8 mis. S. W. of Hermitage. Elkton, p. V. in Nuckolls co., Nebr., on Little Blue R., .^0 mis. S. E. of Fort Kearney. One newspaper. Elkton, p. V. in Columbiana co., Ohio, 4 mis E. of New Lisbon. Elkton, p o. ill Douglas co., Oreg. ELKTON. 302 ELLISBURGH. Elkton, p. V. in Giles co., Tenn., 10 mis. from Pulaslci. Elk Valley, p. o. In Dakota CO., Nebr. ElUvicw, p. V. Chester CO., Pa., on the Phila- delphia & Baltimore Central R. R., 33 mis. S. W. of Philadelphia. Elkville, p. V. in .Jaclcson co.. 111., on the Illinois Central II. R., 7 mis. S. of Du Quoin. ElUville, p. V. in Wilkes co., N. C, on the Yadkin R., and 28 mis. N. E. of Morganton. Ella, p. o. in Bent co., Colo. Ella, p. o. in Pepin co., Wis. Ellaville, p. V. in Madison co., Fla. ESlaville, p. v. in Schley co., Ga., 10 mis. N. W. of Anderson. Eldora, p. o. in Jackson co., Minn. Ellejoy, p. o. in Blount co., Tenn. ElIenboroug:h, p. v. in Ritchie co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 17 mis. W. or West Union. Ellenboi'O, tn. in Grant co.. Wis. Pop., 803. Eileiiborong'li, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N^. W. of Platteville. EUeiiburgli, tn. in Clinton co., N. Y, Pop., 3,04-2. Ellenbnrg-h, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. W. of Ellenliurfjh Depot. Elicnbarg'h Centre, p. v. in Clinton co., X. y., 6 nils. S. W. of EUenburgh Depot. Ellenbiirgh Depot, p. v. in Clinton co., N. Y., on the O^densburg & Lake Champlain R. R., 30^,^ mis. W. of Rouse's Point. Ellen Creek, tn. in Martin co., Minn. Pop., 188. Ellendale, p. v. in Sussex co., Del., on the Junction & Breakwater R. R., 71^ mis. S. of Milford. Ellendale Forge, p. o. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Ellendor, p. o. in Union co., N. J. E15en}fowan, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., on the Noi'ilK'i-n Central R. R., \:)% mis. X. of Baltimore. Ellenorali, p. v. in Gentry co.. Mo., 6 mis. from Albanj-. Ellensberg, p. v. and the co. seat of Currj- co., Org., on the Rogue R., near the Paciflc Ocean, ~Z mis. S.of Empire City. Ellenton, p. o. in Barnwell co., S. C. *Ellenville, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., on the Delaware & Hudson Canal; on Rondout Cr., and on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 28 mis. S. W. of Kingston. Has several manufactories. Two newspapers. Ellerslie, p. v. in Harris co., Ga. Ellerslie, p. o. in Alleghany co., Md. Ellery, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 1,616. Ellery, p. v. in the above tn., 10^ mis. N. W. of .Jamestown. Ellerton, p. o. in Frederick co., Md. Ellicott, p. o. in Fh-ic co., N. Y. Ellicott, tn. in Chautauqua, co., N. Y. Pop., 6.fJ70. *Ellicott City, p. v. and the co. seat of How- ard CO., Md., on the Palapseo R. and the Bal- timore & Ohio R. R., 12 mis. W. of Baltimore ; has miineious factories and flouring mills. Pop., 1,()45; in 1S60, 1,U4. Two newspapers. EllicottsTille, tn. in Cattaraugus co., K. Y. Pop., 1,.'<33. ^EllicottMvillc, p. V. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Great Valley Cr., 11 mis. N. of East Salamanca. Pop., 579. One newspaper. Ellijay, p. v. and the co. seat of Gilmer co., Ga., 29 mis. from Dal ton. Ellington, tn. in Tolland CO., Conn. Pop., 1.4.32. Ellington, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. K. of l^ockvill(■. Ellington, tn. in Adams co.. 111. Pop., 2,298. Ellington, tn. in Hancock co., Iowa. Pop., 342. Ellington, p. v. in Hancock co., Iowa, on Lime Cr., 17 mis. W. by N. of Mason City. Ellinja,'ton, tn. in Tuacola co., Jfich. Pop., 152. Ellington, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N". B. of Caro. Ellington, tn. in Dodge co., Minn. Pop., 2.58. Ellington, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. B. Owatonna. Ellington, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., I.."i56. ^Ellington, p. v. in the above tn., S^/^mls. N. of Kennedy on the Atlantic & Great vVestem R. R. Pop., 314. Ellington, tn. in Outagamie co.. Wis. Pop., 1,248. Ellinirood, p. o. in Barton co., Kans. Ellingwood's Corner, p. o. in Waldo co., JNIe. Elliot, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 1,796. Elliot, p. V. in the above tn., on Piscataqua R., and near the Portland, Saco & Portsmouth R. R.. 4.5 mis. S. W. of Portland and 4 mis. N. W. of Portsmouth. Elliota, p. V. in Fillmore co.,Minn., 16 mis. S. K. of Preston. Elliot, p. V. in York co.. Me., on the Portland, Saco & Portsmouth R. R., 6 mis. N. N. W. of Portsmouth. Name changed to South Elliot. Elliott, tn. in San Joaquin co., Cal. Pop., 954. Elliott, p. o. in San Joaqum co., Cal. Elliott, p. o. in Ford CO., 111. Elliott, tn. in Louisa co., Iowa. Pop., 370. Elliott, CO. in Ky., N. E. central part. Pop., 4,443. The surface is broken and hilly, the soil of the bottom-lands along the streams very productive. The S. part is drained by aftlu- entsof the Licking R.; the N. part bj- small Crs. joining the Ohio. Sandy Hook is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wlieat, 8,261 bush.; rye, i,.340 bush.; Indian-corn, 171,389 bush.; oats, 21,600 bush ; Irish pot's, 12.024 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,011 bush.; butter, 54,340 lbs.; hay, 460 tons. Cash A-alue of fatms, $.'!27,361. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc. ,$203,930. Valua of manufactures, $23,762. Elliott, p. V. in Grenada CO., Miss., on the Mis- sissippi Central R. R. Elliott's, p. o. in JIatagorda co., Tex. Elliottsbnrgli, p. v. in Perry co.. Pa., 6 mis. W. of New Bloomfield. Elliott's Cross Roads, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Elliott's Mills, p. o. in Panola co.. Miss. Elliottstown, p. V. in Efflngham CO., HI., 10 mis. S, E. of Effingham. Ellis, p. o. in San Joaquin co , Cal. Ellis, CO. in Kans., W. central part. Area, 720 sq. mis. Pop., 1,336. The surface is rolling, and consists chiefly of prairies; the soil 13 productive. The Smoky Hill Fork intersects the CO. from W to E., and drains it with sev- eral small tributaries. The Kansas Pacific R. R. passes through the northern part. Hays City IS the co. seat. Ellis, CO. in Texas, central part. Area, ."JOO sq. mis. Pop., 7,514 ; in 1860, 5,246. The surface consists of fertile and well wooded prairies. Trinity R. forms the eastern boundary, and the CO. is well drained by a number of branches of this river. Waxahatchie is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 11,943 bush.; rye, 2,871 bush.; Indian-corn, 312,- 843 bush.; oats, 16,076 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,109 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,273 bush.; cotton, 2,960 bales; butter, 180 lbs. Cash value of farms, ,'j!';33,232. Total, estimated, value of all farm l)roductions, including additions to stock, .etc., :sstl2,S-26. Value of manufactures, $178,072. e'iHs, tn. in Hardin co., Iowa. Poji., 518. Ellis, p. o. in Ellis co., Kans. Ellis, p. o. in Portage co., AVis. Ellisbargh, tn. in JelTerson co., N. Y. Pop., 4.S22. Ellisbnrgh, p. v. in the above tn., on Sandy Cr., i\4 mis. W. of Pierrepont Manor and near the shore of Lake Ontario. Has several fac- tori'is and iloaring mills. ELLISBURGH. 303 ELMORE. Elllsbnrg:li, p. o. in Camden co., N. J., IJ^ mle. N. of Haddonfleld. Elli'sbiirg'Ii, p. o. in Jeflferson CO., N. Y. Ellisbnr^h, p. o. in Potter cOy Pa. £llisdale, p. v. in Ocean co., N. J., 8 mis. E. of Bordentown. Ellis Grove, p. o. in Randolph co., 111. Ellison, tn. in Warren co., 111. Pop., 1,258. Ellison, p. V. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. W. of Monmouth. Ellison Bny, p. o. in Door co., Wis. Ellis Station, tn. in Ellis co^Kans. Pop., 120. Elliston, p. o. in Grant co., Ky. Elliston, p. o. in Ottawa co., Ohio. Ellistown, p. V. in Union co.. Miss., 11 mis. W. of Guntown. Ellis ville,v. in Columbia co., Fla., 21 mis. from Lake City. Ellisville, tn. in Fulton co., 111. Pop., 657. Ellisville, p. V. in the above tn., on the Spoon R., 14 mis. W. N. W. of Canton. Ellisville, p. v. and the co. seat of Jones co., Miss., on the Tallahala R. and 33 mis. W. of Waynesboro. Ellisville, p. v. in St. Louis co.. Mo., 5 mis. N. of Gleneoe. Ellisville, p. o. in Louisa co., Va. Ellisville, p. o. in Kewaunee co., Wig. Ellittsville, p. v. in Monroe co., Ind., on the Louisville & Chicago R. R., 1)4 mis. N. W. of Bloomin^ton. Ellsworth, p. o. in Sarber co.. Ark. Ellsworth, p. V. in Litchfield co.. Conn., 3 mis. W. of Cornwall Bridjje. Ellsworth, p. o. in ISIcLean co.. 111. Ellsworth, p. V. in Vigo co., Ind., by railroad 5 mis. N. E. of Terre Haute. Ellsworth, tn. in Emmett co., Iowa. Pop., 98. Ellsworth, tn. in Hamilton co., Iowa. Pop., Ellsworth, p. V. in Madison co., Iowa, on the South R., 17 mis. W. of Indianola. Ellsworth, CO. in Ivans., central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 1,185. The surface is rolling, the soil good. Saline R. bounds it partialy on the N. Smoky Hill R. intersects the cen- tral part from W. to E., and the Kansas Pacific R. R. in the same direction. Ellsworth is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,175 bush.; rye, 20 busb.; Indian-corn, 12,167 busli.; oats, 1,456 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,393 bush.; ^weet pot's, 45 bush.; butter, 10,096 lbs.; hay, 1,604 tons. Cash value of farms, $113,470. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $53,492. Value of manufactures, $20,800. Ellsworth, tn. in Ellsworth co., Kans. Pop., 44^. *Ellsworth, p. V. and the co. seat of Ellsworth CO., Kans., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 38 mis. W. of Salina. One newspaper. * Ellsworth, p. V. and the co. scat of Hancock CO., Me., 25 mis. S. E. Bangor, and at the mouth of the Union li.; is a port of entry, and has much coastwise trade. Pop., .5,257 ; in 1860, 4,658. One newspaper. Ellsworth, p. o. in Middlesex co., Mass. Ellsworth, p. o. in Lake co., Mich. Ellsworth, tn. in Meeker co., Minn. Pop., 270. Ellsworth, p. o. in Texas co.. Mo. Ellsworth, p. V. in Nyeco.; Nev., 60 mis. N. W. of Belmont. Pop., 54. Ellsworth, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., I'.lo. Ellsworth, p. V. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 5 nils. S. of Potsdam. Pop., 179. Ellsworth, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., (■.52. Ellsworth, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. of Cantield ; lias a flourishing academy. Pop., in ISiiO, sj5. Ellsworth, tn. in Tyler co., W. Va. Pop., 1,8<>0. Ellsworth, tn. in Pierce CO., Wis. Pop., 747. Ellsworth, p. v. and the co. seat of Pierce co., Wis., 18 ml3. E. of Prescott and 17 mis. N. ot Red Wing, Minn. One newspaner. Ellwood, p. o. in Hopkins CO., Kv. Ellwood, p. o. in Schuylkill co., ta. Elm, tn. in Wayne co.,"lll. Pop., 968. Elm, p. o. in Wajme co., Mich. Elm, tn. in Putnam co.. Mo. Pop., 1,640. Elm, p. V. in Fayette CO., Pa., 8 mis. E. of Con* nellsville. Elma, tn. in Erie co.. N. Y. Pop., 2,827. Elma, ]). V. in the above tn., near the Buffalo & Washington R. R., 13 mis. E. of Buffalo. Pop., 165. Elma, p. V. in Chehalisco., Wash. Ten, on Che- halis R., 14 mis. E. of Moiitesano. Elma, p. o. in Republic co., Kans. Elmay, p. o. in Grant co., Ind. Elm Creek, tn. in Saline co., Kans. Pop., 2,027. Elm Creek, p. o. in Bufl'alo co., Nebr. Elm Creek, p. o. in Bell co., Tex. Elmdale, p. o. in Chase co., Kans. Elmendaro, tn. in Lyon co., Kans. Pop., 53;J. Elmer, p. v. in Salem co., N. .T., at the junction of the West Jersey R. R. and the Salem R. S., 26 mis. S. of Philadelphia. Elm Grove, p. o. in Adams co., HI. Elm Grove, tn. in Tazewell co., 111. Pop., 1,072. Elm Grove, tn. in Louisa co., Iowa. Pop,, 701. Elm Grove, p. o. in Washington co., Kans. Elm Grove, p. o. in Franklin co., Mass. Elm Grove, p. v. in Holt co.. Mo., near Forbes, on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R. Elm Grove, p. o. in Jefferson co., Nebr. Elm Grove, p. o. in Pike co., Ohio. Elm Grove, p. v. in Ohio co., W. Va., on the Henijifleltl R. R., near Wheeling. Elm Grove, p. v. in Waukesha co.. Wis., oa the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 9 mis. W. of Milwaukee. Elm Hall, p. v. in Gratiot co., Mich., on Pine R., 16^ mis. W. of Alma. Elm Hill, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ky. Elmhnrst, p. v. in Du Page co.. 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 16 mis. W. of Chicago. Elmiug-ton, p. o. in Nelson co., Va., in the village of Perkin's Store, on the Orange, Alex- andria & Manassas R. R. Elmira, p. v. in Solano co., Cal. Elmira, p. o. in Mitchell co., Kans. Elmira, tn. in Stark co., 111. Pop., 1,108. Elmira, p. v. in the above tn.,5 mis. N. of Toulon. Elmira, tn. in Olmstead CO., Minn. Pop., 1,0.55. Elmira, tn. in Chemung co., N. Y. Pop., 17,053. *Elmira, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Cbemung R. and the Erie R. R.,274 mis. N. W. of Xew York and 37 mis. W. of O wego ; is beautifully located between picturesque hills, the seat of a prosperous female college, and has considerable inland commerce. It is con- nected by the Northern Central R. R. with Baltimore (2.54 mis.), and with Ro(rlicstur, and is the terminus of tlie Elmira & Willlamsport R. R. Pop., 15,86.! ; in 1S60, 8,682. Five news- papers. (See further, Aiipendix No. 2.) Elmira, p. v. in Fulton co., Ohio, 3J-^ mis. N. of Archbold. Eln» Eiek, p. o. in Ohio co., Ky. El Konte, tn. in Los Angeles co., Cal. Pop., 1,254. Elm Mott, p. o. in McLennan co., Tex. Elmo, p. o. in Otter Tail co., Minn. Elmore, co. in Ala., E. central part. Area about 1,050 sq. mis. Pop., 14,477. The Talla- poosa R. forms the eastern and southern boundaries; the Coosa intersects the eo. from N. to S. The surface is gently undulating and the soil of the river bottoms very ELMOEE. 304 ELYRIA. tji-oductive. Wetumpka is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 10,330 busli.; rye, 103 bush.; Indian-corn, 198,371 Ijush.; oats, 18,078 busli.; Irish pot's, 335 bush.; sweet pot's, 32,550 bush.; cotton, 7,295 bales ; butter, 57,073 lbs. Cash value of farms, $924,020. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,514,157. Value of manufactures, $464,827. Elmore, p. o. in the above co. Elmore, p. v. in Peoria CO., 111., on Spoon K., and 14 mis. N. of Elmwood. Elmore, tn. in Daviess Co., 111. Pop., 865. Elmore, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Elmore, p. o. in the above tn. Elmore, p. o. in Kichardson co., Kebr. ♦Elmore, p. v. in Ottowa co., Ohio, on Portage 11. and the Toledo Division of the Lake Shore R. 11., 12U mis. N. W. of Fremont. Pop., 1,131. One newspaper. Elmore, tu. in Lamoille co., Vt. Pop., 637. Elmore, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. B. of Hyde Park. Eliiiore, p. o. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis. Elm Point, p. v. in Bond co.. 111., 9 mis. N. by W. of Greenville. Elm (Spring, tn. in Washington co.. Ark. Pop., 1,071. Elm $i|>ring-s, p. v, in the above tn., 12 mis. from Fayetteville. Elm Springs, v. in Butler CO., Iowa, on Shell Kock R.. 18 mis. N. of Albion. Elm Store, p. o. in Randolph co., Ark., 13 mis. from Fayetteville. Elm Tree, p. o. in Weakley co., Tenn. Elm Wood, p. o. in Boone co.. Ark. Elmwood, tn. in Peoria co.. 111. Pop., 2,410. *Elmwood, p. V. in the above tn., at the junc- tion of two branches of the Chicago, Burling- ton & Quincy B. R., 45 mis. S. of Buda and 27 mis. W. of Peoria. Enjoys a thriving trade. Pop., 1,470. One newspaper. Elmwood, tn. in Leelenaw co., Mich. Pop., 535. Elmwood, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 3fi9. Elmwood, p. V. m Plymouth co., Mass. Elmwood, tn. in Saline co.. Mo. Pop., 1,.53S. Elmwood, p. V. in the above tn., 15 mis. from I\Iarsh;vll. Elmwood, p. V. in Cass co., Nebr., 10 mis. S. AV. of South Bend. Elo, p. V. in Winnebago co.. Wis., 10^^ mis. S. W. of Oshkosh. Elon, p. o. in Ashley co., Ark. Elon. p. V. in Allamakee co., Iowa, 27 mis. N. N. W. of McGregor. Elon, tn. in Amherst co., Va. Pop., 3,193. Elora, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn. El Paso, p. V. in White co.. Ark., 29 mis. from Searcy. El Paso, CO. in Colo., central part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 9S7. The western part is oc- cupied by the Rocky Mts.; the central and pastern parts are undulating plains with grass and narrow fringes of timber along the water courses. The Fountain qui Bout R. and other tributaries of the Arkansas traverse the co. from N. to S. The valleys and a narrow strip of country along the base of tlie Rocky Mts. are fit for farming; the remainder can only be used by the stock breeder. Colorado City is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 8,876 bush.; Indian-corn, 11,4,55 bush.; oats, 11,- 727 bush.; Irish pot's, 300 bush.; butrer, 15,065 lbs.; wool, l(),9001bs.; hay,760tons. Cash value of farms, $147,380. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including iidditions to stock, etc., $69,795. Value of manufactures, 8(144 3-3. El Paso, p. V. in El Paso co., Colo., 20 nils. S. E. of Colorado Citv. El Paso, tn. in Woodford co.. 111. Pop., 2,416. *E1 Paso, city in Woodford co.. 111., at the in- tersection of the Illinois Central B. R. with the Logansport, Peoria & Burlington R. R., 38 mis. S. of La Salle. 17 mis. N of Bloomington and 14 mis. W. of Chenoa ; lies in a rich farm- ing district, and is rapidly increasing. Pop., 1,.564. One newspaper. El Paso, p. V. in Sedgwick co., Kans. El Paso, p. o. in Barry co., Mo. El Paso, CO. in Tex., W. central part. Area about 7,000 sq. mis. Pop., 3,671; in 1860, 4,051. The surface is quite mountainous; the soil fertile in the valleys. The E. part contains two salt lakes. It is separated from Mexico on the W. and S. W. by the Rio Grande R., and bounded on the K. by N. Jlex. El Paso is the CO. seat. Cash value of farms, $800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, $326. Value of manufactures, $8,400. El Paso, p. o. and the co. seat of El Paso Co., Tex., on the Rio Grande, 22 mis. N. W. of San Elijario. Pop., 764. El Paso, tn. in Pierce co., Wis. Pop., 248. El Paso, p. V. in the above tn., 9 mis. E. N. E, of Ellsworth. El Rlto, p. o. in Rio Arriba CO., N. Mex. Elrod, p. V. in Ripley Co., Ind., 514 oils- E. of Versailles. Elroy, p. V. in Juneau co.. Wis., 14 mis. W. of Mauston. Elsab, p. V. in Jersey co.. 111., on the Mississip- pi R. and 4 mis. E. of Grafton. El Salem, p. o. in Polk co.. Wis. Elsanz, p. o. in Hidalgo co., Tex. Elsie, p. V. in Clinton co., Mich., 6^ mis. N. of Ovid. Elsinborongb, tn. in Salem co., N. J. Pop., 700. Elsinore, tn. in Allen co., Kans. Pop., 452. Elsinore, ]). o. in the above tn. Elston, p. o. in Richland co.. Wis. Elston Station, p. v. in Cole co.. Mo., on the Missouri Pacitie R. R. Elsworth, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 5,257. Eltliam, p. o. in Westmoreland co., Va. Elton, p. V. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 26 mis. N. of Hinsdale. Elton, p. V. in Walworth co., Wis., 5 mis. N. E. of Sharon. Elva, p. o. in Tuscola co., Mich. Elvaston, p. v. in Hancock co.. 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 6 mis. W. of Carthage and 12 mis. E. N. E. of Warsaw. Elvira, tn. in Johnson co.. 111. Pop., 1,263. Elvira, p. o. in the above tn. Elvira, p. v. in Clinton co., Iowa, 8 mis. W. of Lyons. Elwell, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. Elwin, ]). o. in Macon co.. 111., in the v. of Wheatland on the Illinois Central R. R., 49 mis. from Bloomington. Elwood, p. V. in Will co., 111., on the Chicago & Alton 11. R., SU mis. S. of Joliet. Elwood, tn. in Vermillion co.. 111. Pop., 1,987. Elwoodl p. V. in Madison, Ind.. on the Pitts- burgli, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R.,14J^mls. N. W. of AniU-rson. Pop., 310. Elwood, p. o. in Clinton co., Iowa. Elwood, p. V. in Doniphan co., Kans., on the Missouri R., opposite St. Joseph, Mo. Pop. about .'iOO. Elwood, p. V. in Atlantic co., N. J., on the Camden & Atlantic R. R.,39 mis. S. E. of Cam- den. Elwood, p. o. in Suffolk co., N. Y. Elwood, p. o. in Fannin co., Tex. Ely, p. V. in Warrick co., Ind., 8 mis. N. of Boonville. Ely, p. o. in Linn co., Iowa. Ely, p. V. in Orange co., Vt., 10 mis. from East Thetford. Elyria, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., 4,076. *Elyria, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, at the junction of the branches of the Black R. and near the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern K. B., 28 mis. W. of Cleveland. Has ELYSBUEGH. 305 EMPIRE. vavioug manufactories, tlie river affording water-power. Pop., 3,038. Two newspapers. Elysbnrgb, p. v- in Northumberland co., Pa., 13 mis. E. of Sunbury and 914 mis. N. W. of Mt. Oarmel on the Sliamokin Branch of the Northern Central R. R. Elysian, tn. in La Sueur co., Minn. Pop., 852. £lysiaii, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. of East Janesville. £lysian Fields, p. o. in Harrison co., Ter. Elysville, v. in Howard co., Md., on Balti- more & Ohio R. R., 20 mis. from Baltimore. Pop., 302. ElysvHle, v. in Howard co., Md. Pop., 302. Elyton, p. V. and the co. seat of Jefferson co., Ala., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. R., 42 mis. S. W. of Ashville. One newspaper. Emannel, co. in Ga., E. part. Area, 830 sq. mis. Pop., 0,13-1:; in 18G0, 5,081. It is bounded on the N. by the Ogeechee R. and on the S.W. by Pendleton's Cr. The Great Ohoopee R. flows through the co. The surface is mostly level, and the soil but moderately productive. Large parts of it consist of " sand barrens." S\7ainsborough Is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 975 bush.; rye, 83 bush.; Indian-corn, 103,705 bush.; oats, 21,.399 bush., Irish pot's, 495 bush.; sweet pot's, 24,353 bush.; butter, 15,057 lbs.; rice, 4,325 lbs.; cottoii, 1,376 bales. Cash value of farms, $314,542. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $438,143. A'alue of manufactures, $140,211. Emails, p. V. in Lehigh CO., Pa., on the East Pennsy Ivania R. R., 6 rals. S. of Allentown. Enians, p. o. in Bedford co., Va. Embarras, tn. in Edgar co.. 111. Pop., 1,280. Embarrass, p. v. in Waupaca CO., Wis., 22^ mis. N. of New London. Embarrass Biver, a ti-ibutary of the Wa- bash 11. in 111.; rises in Champaign co., passes throus^-h Douglas, Coles, Cumberland, Jasper, Crawford and Lawrence cos., and empties near St. Francisville. Emmet, co. in Iowa, N. part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 1,392 ; in 1860, 105. The surface is a rolling prairie, not very productive. It is intersected by the Des Moines R. and con- tains a number of small lakes. Estherville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 29,621 bush.; rye, 244 bush.; Indian-corn, 12,816 bush.; oats, 27,819 bush; Irish pot's, 9,320bush.; butter, 57,025 lbs.; wool, 3,603 lbs.; hay, 6,948 tons. Cash value of farms, $39.5,975. Total, estimated, value of all farnr productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $99,890. Emmetsville, v. in Randolph co., Ind., l}4 mle. from Powers. Embden, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Pop., 803. Embden, p. o. in the above tn. Embden Centre, p. o. in Somei'set co.. Me. Emberton, borough in Venango co.. Pa. Pop., 488. Embreeville, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 9 mis. S. E. of Coatesville on the Pennsylvania Cen- tral R. R. Eniden, p. o. in Logan co.. 111. Emeliiie, p. v. in Jackson co., Iowa, on the West Branch of the Maquoketa R., 20 mis. N. W. of ISIaquoketa. Emerald, p. o. in Adams co., Ohio. Emerald, p. o. in Anderson co., Kans. Emerald, tn. in Paulding co., Ohio. Pop., 717. Emerald, tn. in Fairbault co., Minn. Pop., 748. Emerald, tn. in St. Croix co.. Wis. Pop., 206. Emerald, p. o. in the above tn. Emerald Grove, p. v. in Rock eo.. Wis., 8 mis. from Janesville. Emerson, p. o. in Mills co., Iowa. Emerson, tn. in Gratiot co., Mich. Pop., 590. Emerson, p. v. in Marion co.. Mo. Emerson, p. v. in Otoe co., Nebr., 3 mis. N. E. of Nursery Hill on the Midland Pacific R. R. Emerick, p. o. in Madison co.. Nebr. EmericksTille, p. o. in Jefferson co., Pa. 20 Emery, p. o. in Fulton co., Ohio. Emery, p. v. in Monroe co., Wis., on the West AVisconsin R. R., 8 mis. N. of Tomah. Emery's Mills, p. v. in York CO., Me., 3 mis. W. N. W. of Springvale on the Portland & Rochester R. R. Emig'rant, p. o. in Gallatin co., Mont. Emig-rant Gap, p. o. in Placer co., Cal. EniigrsTille, p. v. in York co.. Pa., on the Northern Central R. R., i}4 mis. N. of York. Emilie, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa^ 4 mis. N. of Bristol on the Philadelphia & Trenton R. R, Eminence, tn. in Logan co.. 111. Pop., 1,362. Eminence, p. v. in Morgan co., Ind., 8 mis. N. E. of Quincy. Eminence, p. v. in Henry co., Ky., on the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R, R., 13 mis. S. E. of La Grange. One newspaper. Eminence, p. v. and the co. seat of Shannon CO., Mo., on Current R. andSl mis. S. of Rolla. Eminence, p. o. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Emison Station, p. o. in Knox CO., Ind. *Emlenton, p. v. in Venango CO., Pa., on the Alleghany R. and the Alleghany Valley R. B.- 89 mis. N. of Pittsburgh. Engaged in iron and oil trade. One newspaper. Emley, p. o. in Osborne co., Kans. Emmaton, p. o. in Sacramento co., Cal. Emmaville, p. o. in Fulton co.. Pa. Eminett, co. in Mich., N. part. Area, 350 so. mis. Pop., 1,211 ; in 1860, 1,149. It is bounded on the N. by the Straits of Mackinaw, on the W.by Lake Michigan, and watered by Pine R. Pine Lake is situated in the S. part and Crooked Lake in the central. The coast is in- dented by Traverse B. Little Traverse is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 922 bush., Indian-corn, 4,452 bu.sh.; oats, 5,972 bush.; Irish pot's, 25,891 bush.; wool, 100 Ibs.j butter, 3,190 lbs.; hay, 99 tons. Cash value 01 farms, $73,275. Total, estimated, value of all farm prod uctions,including additions to stock, etc., $28,519. Value of manufactures, $8,064. Emmett, tn. in McDonough co., 111. Pop., 957. Emmett, p.o. in Lake co., 111. Emmett, tn. in Emmett co., Iowa. Pop., 232 Emmett, p. o. in the above tn. Emmett, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 957 Emmett, p. o. in the above tn. Emmett, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 1,309. Emmett, p. o in Paulding co., Ohio. Eminett, tn. in Dodge Co., Wis. Pop., 1,375. Emmettsbarg'h, p. o. in Deer Lodge co.,. Mont. EmmettsTille, p. o. in Ada co., Idaho. Emmittsbnrgli, p. v. and the co. seat of Palo Alto CO., Iowa, on the Des Moines R., 24 mis. W. of Algona. Has a flourishing trade. Two newspapers. Emmittsbnrg, tn. in Palo Alto co., Iowa. Pop., 316. ^Emmittsburgli, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 9 mis. S. of Gettysburg, Pa. It contains St. Mary's College, a flourishing Roman Catholic school, and a female institute which is con- ducted by the Sisters of Charitj^ The sur- rounding country is fertile and the people prosperous. Pop., 706. Emmonsbnrgli, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. Y., on Canada Cr., 14 mis. N. E. of Little Palle. Emmorton, p. v. in Harford co., Md., 9 mis. N. of Edgewood on the Philadelphia iS; Balti- more R. R. Emmorton, p. o. in Richmond co., Va. Emory, tn. in Stanishius co., Cal. Pop., 843. . Emory, p. o. and the co. seat of Rains co., Tex. Emory, p. v. in Washington co., Va., on the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Abington. It is the seat of Henry College. Empire, tn. in Stanislaus co., Cal. Pop., 2,99^ Empire, p. o. in Sumter co., Fla. Empire, tn. in McLean co.. 111. Pop., 2,133. Empire, p. o. in Wright Co., Iowa. Empire, p. o. in McPherson co., Kans. Empire, tn. in Leelenaw co., Mich. Pop., iJKt EMPIRE. 306 ENTEEPRISE, Empire, p. v. in the above tn., on Lake Micli- i^im. 29/^ nils. W. of Traverse city. Empire, tn. in Dakota CO., Minn. Pop., 951. Empire, p. o. in Fillmore CO., Nebr. Empire, tn. in Fond du Lac co., Wis. Pop., J, 0,5"). Empire, p. v. in tlie above tn., 7 mis. E. S. E. of Fond du Lac. Empire City, p. v. in Clear Creek co., Colo., 9 ni Is. W. of Idaho. Empire €ity, p. v. in Dakota CO., Minn., 6 mis. K. of Farniington by railroad. ♦Empire City. p. v. in Ormsby co., Kev., 6 nils. N. E. of Carson city and 50 mis. W. of Denver. It lies in a valley of the Rocky Mts., yet is over 6,000 feet above the sea level. 'There are rich gold and silver mines in the vicinity. Pop., 6-26. Empire City, p. v. and the co. seat of Coos CO., Oreg., on Coos B. and about 5 mis. from the Pacitic Ocean. It is 35 mis. N. of Ran- dolph. Empire Iron Works, p. o. in Trigg co., Ky. Empire Prairie, p. v. in Andrew co.. Mo., 12 mis. from Savannali. Emporia, tn. in Lyon co., Kans. Pop., 3,340. ''Emporia, p. v. in the above tn., near the intersection of the Atchison, Toijeka & Santa Fe R. R. with the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 61 nils. K. W. of Humboldt and Gl mis. S. W. of Topeka. It lies on the Neosho R. and is a rapidly growing place. Pop., 2,168. One newspajier. ^Emporium, p. v. and the co. seat of Came- ron CO., Pa., on the Philadelphi,a & Erie R. R., 138 nils, from Philadelphia and 31 mis. E. of Ridgeway. A young and thrifty place. Three newspapers. Emsworth, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Emuckiaw, p. o. in Tallapoosa co., Ala. Enchanted Prairie, p. o. in Coos co., Oreg. En Cino, p. o. in Los Angeles co., Cal. Enclers, p. o. in Dauphin CO., Pa. Enclor, p. o. in Will co.. 111. Energry, p. o. in Clark co.. Miss. Enfield, tn. in Hartford CO., Conn. Enfield, p. v. in the above tn., near the Con- necticut R. and the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., il4 mis. N. of Windsor. Enfield, tn. in White co.. 111. Pop. 2,426. Enfield, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. S. ot Fairlleld by the Springfield & Southeastern R. R. Enfield, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 545. Enfield, p. v. in the above tn., near the Pen- obscot B. and the European & North Ameri- can R. R ,35 mis. N. of Bangor, Enfield, en. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., i,0'2:;. Enfield, J). V. in the above tn., on Swift R. and i: mis. N. of Palmer. Has manufac- tories. Enfield, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 1,662. Enfield, p. v. in the above tn., on the North- ern New Hampshire R. R., 6^ mis. W. of E. Canaan. Enfield, tn. in Tompkins co., N. Y. Pop., i,69;i Enfield, p. o. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. ot Ithaca. ♦Enfield, p. v. in Halifax co., N. C, on the Wilmington & "Weldon R. R., 19 mis. S. of W«'l(lou. Enfield, ji. o. in King William co., Va. ♦Enfield Centre, p. v. in Grafton co., N. H., 5 nils. S. E. of Enfield. Enfield Centre, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., S nils. W. of Ithaca. Eng-lcman-s Mills, p. o. in Dade co.. Mo. Eng-lewood, p. v. in Cook co., 111., on Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 7 mis. from Chicago. The Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chic:i!j,o /,. R., crosses here. Pop., about 500. EnglewA-Ml, p. V. hi Bergen co., N. .1., on the Jforthera. i>few Jersey B. R., 12 mis. N. of New York. Residence for business men of New York city. One newspaper. Engrlewood, p. o. in Robertson co., Tex. English, p. o. in Crawford co., Ind. Eng:lish, tn. in Iowa co., Iowa. Pop., 1,637. English, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,221. English, tn. in Lucas co., Iowa. Pop., 960. English Centre, p. v. in Lycoming co.. Pa., 18 mis. N. W. of Cogan Station on tue North- ern Central R. R. English Eake, p. v. in Stark co., Ind., on English Lake, an enlargement of the Kanka- kee R. and on the Cliicago & Indiana Central R. R., 20U nils. N. W. of Winamac. English Mills, p. o. in Lycoming co., Pa. English Prairie, p. o. iuMcHenry co.. 111. English River, tn. in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 1,501, English's Creek, p. v. in Atlantic co., N. J., 15 mis. S. W. of Absecum. ♦Englishtown, p. v. in Monmouth Co., N. J., on the Freehold & Jamesburgh R. R., 5 mis. W. N. Vr. of Freehold. Englishville, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Ennall'8 Spring, p, o. in Dorchester co.. Md. Ennis, p. o, in Ellis co., Tex. Ennis' Point, v. in Jasper co.. Mo. Ennis' Store, p. o. in Oktibbelia co.. Miss. Ennisville, p. v. in Huntingdon co., Pa., 16 mis. N. W, of Huntingdon. Ennoree River, a tributary of the Santea R. in S. C; rises in Greenville district, flows S. E. and joins the Broail R. in Newberry dis- trictj below the mouth of the Tiger R. Enoch, tn. in Noble CO.; Ohio. Pop., 1,362 Enoch, p. o. in the above tn. Enochsbnrgh, p. v. in Franklin co., Ind., 3 mis. N. E. of New Point on the Cincinnati Ss La Fayette R. R. Enock's mils, p. o. in Rankin co., Miss. Enoma, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Enon, p. V. in Bullock co., Ala., 6 mis. from Guerryton, Enon, V. in Bureau co.. 111., 4}4 mis. N. of Wy- anet. Enon, p. o. in Perry co.. Miss. Enon, p, V. in Clark co., Ohio, 114 ™lS' S. W. of Springfield by R. R, Enon College, p. o. in Trousdale co., Tenn. Enon Grove, p. o. in Heard co., Ga. Enon Valley, p, v. in Lawrence CO., Pa., on the Pittsburgh & Fort Wayne R. R., 15 mis. N. W. Of Beaver Falls. Enoree, p. o. in Spartanburgh district, S. C. Enosbnrgh, tn. in Franklin co., Vt. Pop., 2,077. Enosbnrgh, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. N. E. of St. Albans. ♦Enosburgh Falls, p. v. in Franklin co., Vt., on the Missisquoi R., 3 mis. N. W. of Enos- ijurgli. Ensinal, co. in Tex., S. W. part. Area, 2,926 sq. mis. Pop., 4-27 ; in 1860, 43. The surface consists of gently rolling prairies. The north- ern part is drained by small affluents of the Nueces R., the southern by the afHuents of the Rio Grande. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, .50 bush. Cash value of farms, $5,510. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc.,.$l!),030. Ensley, tn. in Newaygo co., Mich. Pop., 606. Ensley, p. o. In the above tn. Enterline, p. o. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Enterprise, p. o. in Sebastian eo.. Ark. Enterprise, p. o. in Lee co., Ga. Enterprise, p. v. in Wayne co.. 111., lOJ^ mis. N. of Fairfl'.'ld. Enterprise, p. v. in Spencer co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 10 mis. S. W. of Rockport. Enterprise, v. in Switzfrlaiul co., Ind. Enterprise, p. o. in Klnek Hawk co,, Iowa. Enterprise, ii. o, in Dickinson co.. Kans. Enterprise, \i. v. in Catahoula parish. La. Enterprise, p. v. in Winona co., Minn., i mis. S. E. of Utica. ENTERPRISE. 307 ERIE. Enterprise, p. v. and the co. seat of Clark co., JMiss., on the Mobile & Ohio K. K., 120 mis. N. of Mobile. One newspaper. Knterprise, tn. in Linn co., Mo. Pop., 322. Enterprise, p. o. in McDonald co., Mo. F.nterprise, p. o. in Lancaster co., Nebr. liiitcrprise, p. o. in Hocking co., Ohio. Enterprise, v. in Preble co., Ohio. Enterprise, p. o. in Charleston district, S. C. F.Jiterprise, p. o. in Essex co., Va. Enterprise, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Enterprise, p. v. and the co. seat of Volusia CO., Fla., on the St. John's R., 103 mis. S. of Jacksonville. Ertla, p. in Du Page co., 111. Eola, p. V in Polk co., Oreg., on the Willamette K., H nils. S. VV. of Salem. Epliraim, p. v. in San Pete Co., Utah, 8 mis. N. E. of Manti. Pop., 1,167, which includes the precinct. Ephraim, p. v. in Door co.. Wis., on Green B., 2VI mis. N. of Sturgeon Bay. Eplirata, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., Eptirata, p. v. in the above tn., on the Read- ing & Columbia R. R., 17 mis. N. E. of Landis- viUc. Epliratali, tn. in Fulton co., I^. Y. Pop., •2.207. Ephratah, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. of Palatine Bridge. Eppard's Point, tn. in Livingston CO., 111. Pop., 861. Epping^, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., l,-270. £|>pin^, p. V. in the above tn., on Lamprey R. anil the Portsmouth & Concord R. R., 30 mis. E. of Concord, and 17>4 mis. W. of Ports- month. Epps, tn. in Butler co., Mo. Pop., 263. Ep!«oin, p. o. in Daviess co., Ind. Epsom, tn. in Merrimack CO., .N. H. Pop., 9'. 13. Epsom, p. V. in the above tn., near the Sun- cook Valley R. R., 10 mis. N E. of Suncook. Epsport, p' o. in Schoolcraft co., Mich. Epwortli, p. v. in Dubuque co.. Iowa, on the Illinois Central R. R., 19 mis. W. of Dubuque. Equality, p. o. in Coosa co., Ala. *Equality, p. v. in Gallatin co.,Ill., 13 mis. by U. H. W. of Shawneetown. Pop., .3.5(i. Equality, tn. in Miller co., Mo. Pop., 1,068. Equality, p. o. in Anderson district, S. C. Equinunk, p. v. in Wayne co.. Pa., on the Delaware K., nearly opposite Lordsvillo, N. Y. Erastus, p. o. in Banks co., Ga. Eratii, p. o. in .Tones co.. Miss. Eratli, CO. in Tex., central part. Area, .510 sq. mis. Pop., 1,801 ; in ISbO, ■2,42.5. The surface is fertile prairie land ; the W. part is rolling. It is drained by affluents of the Brazos R. Stcph- ensville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 9,!)31 bush.; rye, 140 bush.: Indian- corn, 78,109 bush.; oats, H,.533 bush.; Irish pot's, 157 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,7.51 bush.; butter, 100 lbs.; hay, 38 tons. Cash value of farms, $151,- 378. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions. Including additions to stock, etc., $119,'2S8. Value of manufactures, .S13,0ii5. Ercildonn, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on Penn- sylvania Central R. R., 0% mis. W. S. W. of Cnatcsville. Erfurt, p. V. in .Jefferson co., Wis., 714 n^ls. N. iif P;iiniyra. Eriiert, p. o. in Medina co., Ohio. Erie, p. v. in Weld co., Colo. Erie, CO. in N. Y., W. part. Area about 9.50 sq. mis Pop., 178,69'J; in 1860, 141,971. It is bounded on the VV. by Lake Erie, on the N. by Ton- awanda Cr. and on the S. by Cattaraugus Cr., and intersected by small affluents of Lake Erie, as Butfalo Cr., with its three branches ; Cazenove Cr., Seneca Cr. and Cayuga Cr. Tlie surface of the northern part is low and gently undulating ; the southern part is more elevat- ed and broken. Farming, wool growing, grazing and manufacturing are the pursuits of the inhabitants. The co. is intersected by the Erie Canal and six railroads, which center at Buffalo, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 406,193 bush.; rye, 58,283 bush.; Indian-corn, 346,128 bush.; oats, 1,125,339 bush.; Irish pot's, 643,932 bush.; sweet pot's, 33 bush.; butter, 2,149,358 lbs.: cheese, 503,073 lbs.; wool, 1.58,3.53 lbs.; hav, 143,683 tons. Cash value of farms, $34,577,979. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .^6, 748,527. The principal products of industry are : Agrictiltural implements, *499,- 305 ; boots and .slioes, $69f),010; cheese, $715 219 men's clothing, $1,32.8,235; flour and meal, $1,- 981,932 ; iron blooms, $6,50,000 ; forued and rolled iron, ,$2,062,865; pig-iron, $875,000; iron cast- ings, $1,264,250; tanned leather, .$901,412; dress- ed skins, $.5.59,390; distilled liquors, $1,177,920; malt liquors, $1,062,410; lumber, $1,797,441 ; ma- chinery, .$405,775 ; engines and boilers, $846,624 ; malt, $600,821, and tin, copper and sheet-iron ware, $.502,244. Total value of manufactures, $27,446,683. Erie, CO. in Ohio, N. part. Area, 250 sq. mis. Pop., 28,188; in 1860, 24,474. The surface is nearly level; the soil is remarkably rich. It is intersected bj^ the Huron and Vermillion Rs. It borders on Lake Erie. Sandusky is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 239,874 bush.; rye, 3,366 busli.; Indian-corn, 550,- 026 bush.; oats, 307,089 bush.; Irish pot's, 258,- 960 bush.; sweet pot's, 142 bush.; butter, 339,958 lbs.; hav, 19,523 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,190,2.56. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,820,362. Value of manufactures, .'5i4,.5S3,,548. Erie, co. in Pa., forming the N. W. extremity of the state. Area, 740 sq. mis. Pop., 65,973 ; in 1860, 49,432. It is bounded on the N. by Lake Erie, on tlie N. E. by N. Y'., and on the W. by Ohio. The northern part is drained by Con- iieaut Cr. and other small afflnent.s of Lake Brie ; the southern by French Cr. anveland Sandusky and Toledo, Ohio. Erleville, p. v. in Madison co., N. Y., 7 mis. S. W. of Morrisville. Ei'iii, p. o. in Meriwether co., Ga. Erin, tn. in Sttn^henson co., 111. Pop., 877. Erin, tn. in Macomb eo., Mich. Pop., 2,466. Erin, tn. in Rice CO., Minn. Pop., 526. Erin, p. o. in Calhoun CO., Miss. Erin, tn. in Chemung co., N. Y. Pop., 1,392. Erin, p. o. in the above tn., 19J4 mis. S. of East Chittenango Station. Erin, p. o. in Houston co., Tenn. Erin, In. in St. Croix co.. Wis. Pop., 1,0-24. Erin, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Ham- mond on the Western Wisconsin R. R. Erin, tn. in Washington CO., Wis. Pop., 1,266. Erin Shades, p. o. in Henrico Co., Va. Ernest, p. o. in Lyon co., Iowa. Errol, m. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 178. Erroi, p. V. in the above tn., on Umbagog Lake, 2! nils. N. of Berlin Falls. Ervin, p. v. in Howard co., Ind., 10 mis. W. of Kokonio. Erving-, tn. in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 579. Erving', p. v. in the above tn., on the Ti-oy & Massachusclts R. R., 5 mis. W. of Orange. Erwin, p. o. in Schuyler co.. 111. Erivin, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. Erwin, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 1,077. Erwin Center, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., on the Tioga K. and the Tioga R. R., 8% mis. S. W. of Corning, Erwins Mill;*, p. o. in .Jackson co., Ohio. Erwinna, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Dela- M-are K. and canal, nearly opi)osite Fronch- town, N. •!., on the Belvidere Delaware R. R. Erwinsville, p. o. in Cleveland co., N. C. Escambia, eo. in Ala., S. part, bordering on Florida. Area about l,\Xi sq. mis. Pop., 4,041. The surface is low and level. In some parts there are .sandy ridges. The soil is but moderately productive. The co. is traversed by the Escambia li., the Conecuh R. and their numerous tributaries. The Alaliama & Flo- rida R. R intersects the co. from N. to S. Pollard is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1800: Rye, 15 bush.; Indian-corn 30,.390 bush.; oats, 240 busli.; Irish pot's, SO bush., sweet pot's, 31,665 bush.; cotton, 605 bales; butter, 10,780 lbs.; hay, 117 tons. Cash value of farms, iti36,999. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$146,195. Escambia, co. in Fla., X. W. part. Area, .350 sq. mis. Pop., 7,817; in 1860, .5,763. The sur- face is nearly level, and the soil moderately iproductive. The Perdido R. separates it from Ala., on the \V. Ala. forms the northern boundary, the Escambia R. and Escambia B. the eastei'n, and the Gnlf of Jlexico the southern. Pensacola is the co. seat. Agr. froductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 7,020 bu.sh.; rish pot's, .592 bush.; swec^t pot's, 13,970 bush.; butter, 6,055 lbs.; rice, 3.5,050 lbs. Cash value of farms, $47,725. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $51,250. Value of manufactures, $472,32.5. Escanaba, tn. in Delta co., Mich. Pop., 1.370. ^Escanaba, p. v. and the co. seat of Delta CO., Mich., at the mouth of the Escanaba B., and on the W. shore of Little Bay do Noquet, It is connected by the Chicago & Xorthwest- ern R. R. with Green B. and Oshkosh, Wis., and lies 02 mis. X. X E. of Menomouee. Ships much iron ore and lumber. One newspaper. Escanaba River rises In Marquette eo., Mich., and flows S. E., emptying into the Little Bay de Xoquet. Escolieag', p. o. in Kent co., R. I. Esflaile, p. o. in Pierce co., Wis. Eshcol, p. o. in Perry co.. Pa. Esl< ridge, p. v. in Wabaunsee co., Kans. Esmen, tn. in Livingston co.. 111. Pop., 917. Esmeralda, co. in Xevada, S. \V. part. Pop., 1,553. Area about 5,000 sq. mis. The surface is diversified by mountain groups and wide valleys. The fixceisior, Monte Christo and Sinkavata Mts. are the principal chains. Walker Lake, which receives Walker R., lies in the X. W. part. Extensive alkali flats are numerous. Silver bullion, the chief product, contains a large percentage of gold. Water and wood are sufficiently abundant for mining operations. Copper ore of excellent quality is found. Aurora is the co. seat. Asrr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 184,400 bush.; oats, 800 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,980 bush.; hay, 4,405 tons. Cash value of farms, $168,150. " Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $162,300. Value of manufactures, $606,100. Esofist, p. o. in Vernon CO., Wis. Esopus, tn. in Ulster Co., X. Y. Pop., 4,557. Esopns, p. V. In the above tn., on the Hudson R., 7Vi nils. S. of Rondout Esopns €reek, a small tributary of the Hud- son R., in Ulster co., X. Y. Esperance, tn. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Pop., i,-.'7i;. Esperance, p. v. in the above tn., on Scho- harie Cr. and the Albany & Susquehanna R. R., 33 nils. W. of Albany. Esperanza, p. o. in Pontotoc co.. Miss. Espy, p. V. in Columbia co.. Pa., on the Lacka- wanna & Bloomsbura: R. R., 2 mis. E. of Bloomsburg and on the Xortli Branch of the Susquehanna R. . Espyville, p. v. in Crawford co.. Pa., near Sheuango Cr. and the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R., 47 mis. mis. S. of Erie and 101 mis. N. of Pitts- burgh. Essex, tn. In Middlesex co., Conn. Pop., 1,069. *Essex, p. V. in the above tn., on the Connec- ticut R., 5 mis. N. E. of Westbrook, and near the Connecticut Valley R. R. It has an acad- em.y and several factories. The inhabitants are" engaged in ship building and the coast trade. Essex, tn. in Kankakee co.. 111. Pop., 990. Essex, tn. in Stark co.. 111. Pop., 1,538. Essex, tn. in Porter co., Ind. Pop., 228. Essex, p.v. in Page co., Iowa. Essex, CO. in Mass., forming the X. E. ex- tremity of the state. Area about .500 sq. nils. Pop., 200,843; in 1860,10.5,611. Itis bounded on the S. E. by Massachusetts B., and on the X. E. by the Atlantic Ocean. 'I'he coast is in- dented by numerous small bays, and Cape Ann Peninsula projects to the'E. The sur- face is rough and rolling, and the soil moder- ately productive. The largest stream is the ESSEX. 809 ETLAH. • Merrimack, wliich intersects the northern part, and is navigable for sloops of 200 tons as far as Haverhill. It is also Urained by the Ipswich R. Several railroads, connecting Boston with Maine and New Hampshire, in- tersect the CO. Manufacturing is the pi-inci- pal business of the inhabitants. Salem is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, l,r29 bush.; rye, 9,856 bush.; Indian-corn, 940,- 033 bush.; oats, 27,427 bush.; Irish pot's, 310,807 bush.; butter, 335,885 lbs.; hay, 50,299 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,576,299. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,579,654. The principal products of industry and their value are as follows : Bleaching and dying, $4,755,600 ; boots and shoes, $27,742,434 ; carriages and wag- ons, $1,594,677 ; cotton goods, $10,147,9.52 ; flour and meal, $1,238,992 ; hats and caps, $1,639,792 ; tanned leather, $4,901,719 ; curried leather, $8,- 058,144 ; morocco, $1,829,100 ; printed cotton and woollen goods, $.5,704,122 ; woollen goods, $8,317,- 194, and worsted goods, $4,295,42<5. Total value of manufactures, $96,990,868. Essex, til. in Essex co., Mass. Pop. ,1,614. Essex, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. Iv. of Man- chester. Essex, tn. in Clinton co., Mich. Pop., 1,501. Essex, p. o. in the above tn. t.ssex, CO in N. J., N. E. part. Area, 124% sq. mis. Pop., 143,839 ; in 1860, 98,877. The E. boundary is formed by Newark B. and the Passaic R. The Passaic R. also forms part of the W. bound- aiy. In tbe western part of the co. are two langes of mountains, known as the First and Second Mts., which trend in a N. E. and S. \V. direction. The remainder has a level sur- face. The sod is highly productive. Farm- ing, gardening and "manufacturing are the principal occupations of the inhabitants. The CO. is intersected by the Camden & Amboy R. li., the Morris & Essex R. R. and the New Jer- sey Central R. R. Newark is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 7,579 bush.; rye, 6,249 bush.; oats, 22,107 bush.; Indian-corn, 66,192 bush.; Irisli pot's, 73,060 bush.; sweet pot's, 20 bush.; butter, 125,213 lbs.; hay, 11,328 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,810,100. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $806,638. The principle products of industry are : Boots and shoes, $1,946,585 ; wagons, $756,805 ; men's clothing, $1,648,388 ; copper (rolled) $500,000 ; cotton thread, twine, etc., $1,113,900 ; flour and meal, $991,875 ; hardware, $1,225,310 ; hats and caps, $4,970,570 : jewelry, $2,822,820; leather, $8,604,181 ; beer, $2,587,795 ; machinery, $713,045 ; eno-ines and boilers, $600,000; paints, $686,440 ; saddlery and harness, $1,324,778; sash, doors and blinds, $798,198; trunks and valises, $3,793,- 000; varnish, $682,419; woollen goods, $835,- .500; glassware, $520,000 and flour meal, $45,604. Total value of manufactures, $.52,108,958. Essex, CO. in N. Y.. N. E. part. Area, about 1,650 sq. mis. Pop.,' 29,041 ; in 1860, 28,214. Lake Champlain forms the eastern boundary, and the Au Sable R., which rises in the co., forms part of the northern. Other tributaries of Lake Champlain drain the northern part, while the Hudson R., which intersects the S.W. comer with its aflluents, Boreas Cr., Schroon R. and others, drains the southern. The coun- try along the lake is generally level ; the re- mainder of the CO. is traversed by the loftiest ranges of the Adirondack Mts., which here at- tain their culminating height in Mt. Marcy, or Taharwas. The soil of the vallej's is good, Elizabotlitown is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 49,850 bush.; rye, 11,726 bush.; Indian-corn, 100,662 bush.; oats, 317,790 bush.; Irisli pot's, 406,122 bush.; sweet pot's, 200 bush.: wool, 260,80, lbs.; cheese, 46,998 lbs.; butter, 993,974 lbs.; hay, 69,211 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,843,040. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,835,568, The Erincipal products of industry are : Iron looms, $523,326 ; pig iron, $947,815; forged and rolled iron, $203,942 ; tanned leather, $;J20,230. Total value of manufactures, $3,349,835. Essex, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 1,600. *Essex, p. v. in the above tn., on Lake Champ- lain, 51 nils. N. of Whitehall. Essex, CO. in Vt., forming the N. E. extremity of the state. Area, 790 sq. mis. Pop., 6,811 ; in 1860, 5,786. It borders in the E. on the Con- necticut R., which receives Nuthegan and Clyde Crs. The soutliern part is drained by Moose Cr., an affluent of the Passumpsic R. The surface is broken and hilly, being partly occupied by the eastern spurs of tho Green Mts. The soil is not very productive, except the bottom-lands of the streams. Guildhall is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 6,103 bush.; rye, 1,746 bush; Indian-corn, 13,613 bush.; oats, 107,598 bush.; Irish pot's, 229,941 bush.; wool, 24,132 lbs.; butter 233,285 lbs.; hay, 18,809 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,873,965. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $791,092. Value of manufac- tures, $734,739. Essex, CO. in Va., E. part. Area, about 290 sq. mis. Pop., 9,927 ; in 1860, 10,469. It borders in the N. E. on the Rappahannock R., which is navigable for small vessels along the border of the CO. The surface is mostly level ; the N. W. corner only is hilly. Much of the soil is sandy and but moderately productive. Tap- pahannock is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 47,577 bush.; rye, 3,2.52 bush.; Indian-corn, 264,605 bush.; oats, 14,757 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,670 bush.; sweet pot's, 360 bush.; butter, 27,340 lbs.; hay, 847 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,652,972. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $325,096. Value of manufactures, $92,060. Essex, tn. in Chittenden co., Vt. Pop., 2,022. Essex, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. E. of Essex Junction. Essex Junction, p. v. in the above tn., at the junction of the Vermont Central R. R. and the Vermont and Canada R. R. Essexville, p. o. in Bay co., Mich. Esteina, p. o. in Saunders co., Nebr. Estell Flats, p. o. in Carter co., Ky. Estelville, p. v. in Atlantic co., N. J., il^mls. S. of May's Landing. Esther, p. o. in Montgomery co.. 111. Esthervillc, tn. in Emniett CO., Iowa. Pop., 480. Estherville, p. v. and co. seatof Emmettco., Iowa, 45 mis. N. W. of Algona. Pop., 168. Ettael, p. o. in Hall CO., Ga. Estill's Fork, p. o. in .Jackson co., Ala. Estill, CO. in Ky., E. central part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 9,198; in 1860,6,886. Tbe sur- face is mountainous and the soil not fertile. Iron ore and coal are abundant. It is inter- sected by the Kentucky R., which also forms the N. W. boundary. It is bounded partly on the N. by the Red R., which flows into the Kentucky R. Irvine is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 7,910 bush.; rye, 2,112 bush.; Indian-corn, 376,792 bush.; oats, 25,- 645 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,095 bush., sweet pot's, 4,808 bush.; butter, 157,580 lbs.; hay, 1,2.52 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,298,846. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $486,627. Value of manufactures, $349,951. Estill Springs, p. v. in Franklin co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Chattanooga R. R., 6 mla. N. W. of Decherd. EstitlTille, tn. in Scott co., Va. Pop., 2.400. Estillville, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on a branch of the Holston R. and 2( rata. W. of Bristol. Etlali, p. o. in Franklin co., Mo. ETNA. 310 EVANSBURGH. Etna, p. V. in Coles co., 111., on the Illinois Cen- tral li. R., 7 mis. S. of Mattoon. Etna, tn. in Kosciusko co., InU. Pop., 1,007. Etna, til. ill NVliitley co., Ind. Pop., 429. Etna, tu. in Iliudin CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,819. £tna, tn. in Ca.ssco., Iowa. Pop, 387. Etna, ti}. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 844. Etna, p. V. in the above tn., on the Maine Cen- tral R. It., 19>/i mis. W. of Pangor. Etna, p. V. in Fillmore co., Minn., 13 mis. S. W. of Preston. Etna, p. V. in Scotland co., Mo., 10 mis. E. of Memphis, the co. seat. Etna, p. o. in Missoula co., Mont. Etna, tn. in Tompkins co., N. Y. Pop., 230. Etna, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. of Dry- den and 6}4 mis. N. E. of Ithaca. Etna, tn. in' Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,224. Etna, p. V. in the above tn., '214 ^^^s. is. of Pa- ta.skala. Pop., 2.58. Etna, p. V. in Alleghany co., Pa., on the Alle- ghany R., 5 mis. by railroad N. of Pittsburgh. Etna,"p- •>• i'l Smith co., Tex. Etna, p. V. in La Fayette co., Wis., 17 mis. S.E. of Plattcville. Etna Centre, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. Etna iireen, p. v. in Kosciusko co., Ind., on the Fort Wavne & Chicago K. R., 10 mis. W. N. W. of Warsaw. Pop., 397. Etna Mills, p. v. in Siskiyou co., Cal., 29 mis. S. W. of Yreka. Etna Mills, p. o. in King William co., Va. Etowah, CO. in Ala., N. K. part. Area about 480 sii. ipls. Pop., 10,109. The surface is hiUy, and in the N., where the Lookout Mt. enters the CO. from the N. E., high and mountainous. The Coosa R. flows through it from N. E. to S. W., and receives Wills Or. and other alHu- ents. The soil is productive. Gadsden is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat 41,128 bu.'^h.; rye, 88 bush.; Indian-corn, 181,034 bush.; oats, 9,300 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,321 bu.sh.; sweet pot's. Hi, 745 bush.; cotton, 1,383 bales ; butter, 58,0.57 lbs.; hay, 15 tons. Cash value of farms, $750,420. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $543,142. Value of manufactures, $2«7,217. Etta, p. o. in Union co., S. C. Etter, p. o. in Dakota co., Minn. Etter, p. V. in York co., Pa., on the Susque- hainia R. and the Northern Central B. R., 15 mis. N. of York. Ettieville, p. o. in Gentry co., Mo. Ettrick, tn. in Trempealeau co.. Wis. Pop., 1,214. Ettriclt, p. V. in the above tn. Euba ]>aui, p. o. in Essex CO., N. Y. Eubanks, p. o. in Adams co., 111. Euohee, p. o. in Meigs co., Tenn. Eucbee Anna, p. v. and the co. seat of Wal- ton CO., Fla. Euclid,, p. V. in Onondaga co., N. Y"., 12 mis. N. of Syracuse. Pop., 138. Euclid, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Pop., 2,188. Euclid, p. V. in the above tn., near Lake Erie and the Shore Line R. 11., 9 mis. N. E. of Cleve- land. Eudora, tn. in Douglas co., Kans. Pop., 1,901. Endora, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. E. of Law- rence. Eudora, p. o. in De Soto co.. Miss. Eudora, p. o. in Nodaway co.. Mo. Eudra, p o. in Chicot co., Ark. •Enfaula, city in Barl)our co., Ala., on the Cliattalioochee R., opposite Georgetown, Ga.; is the terminus of the Montgomery & Enfaula R. R., and 80 mis. S. E. of Mtnitgomery. It lies on a high blnlf200 feet aljove the river, and is the shipjiing port for lai'go quantities of cotton produced in this section. Pop., 3,78.). Two newspapers. Eugene, p. o. in Knox co.. 111. Eugene, tn. in Vermillion co., Ind. Pop., 1,395. Engrene, p. v. in the above tn., near the Terre Haute & Chicago R. R., 9 mis. N. N. W. of Newport. Pop., 327. Eugene, p. o. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Eug'enia, p. o. in Rice co., Kans. Eugene City, p. o. in Carroll co.. Mo. Eug:ene City, tn.in Lane co., Oreg. Pop., 1,85J. Eug^ene City, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Coast Fork of the Willamette R., about 6 mis. above its junction with the Middle Fork, and on the Oregon & California R. R., 124 mis. S. of East Portland. The sur- rounding country is liighly productive and well settled. Pop., 861. One newsiiaper. Euliarley, p. v. in Bartow co., Ga., on the Etowah R. and 7 mis. S. of Kingston. Eulalla, tn. in Potter co., Pa. Pop., 3.5a. Eulia, p. o. in Maeon co., Tenn. Eupheniia, p. v. in Preble co., Ohio, 214 ral8. S. of West Sonora on the Dayton & Western R. R. Pop., 107 Eureka, p. o. in Cross co., Ark. Eureka, tn. in Humboldt CO., Cal. Pop., 2,019. *Eureka, p. v. and the co. seat of Humboldt CO., Cal., on Humboldt P., about 8 mis. from the ocean and 223 mis. bj- water N. of San Francisco. The country around is covered with dense forests of redwood, which yield large quantities of timber. It is a flourishing place and has about 3,000 inhabitants. Two newspapers. Eureka, tn. in Nevada co., Cal. Pop., 1,249. Eureka, tn. in Sierra co., Cal. Pop., 350. *Eureka, p. v. in Woodford co., 111., on the Lo- gansport & Peoria R. R., 16 mis. E. N. E. of Peoria. One newspaper. Eureka, p. o. in Spencer CO., Ind. Eureka, tn. in Greenwood co., Kans. Pop., 1,040. ^Eureka, p. v. and the co. seat of Greenwood CO., Kans., 50 mis. S. of Emporia. One news- paper. Eureka, p. o. in Lyon co., Ky. Eureka, p. v. in Clinton co.,"Mich., Q]4 tuIs. N. l)y E. of St. Johns. Eureka, p. o. in Lee co.. Miss. Eureka, tn. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 2,775. Eureka, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 924. Eureka, p. o. in the above tn. Eureka, p. v. in St. Louis co.. Mo., on the Maramec R. and the Missouri Pacific B. B., 25 • mis. W. of St. Louis. '^Eureka, p. v. in Landerco., Nev., 80 mis. E. of Austin. It is engaged in miningand smelting ore.s. One newsjiaper. Eureka, \:>. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Eureka, p. v. in Gallia co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 10 mis. S. of Gallipolis. Eureka, p. o. in Montgomery CO., Pa. Eureka, p. o. p\ Navarro co., Tex. Eureka, p. v. in Juab co., Utah. Eureka, p. v. in Wiimebago co^ Wis., on the Fox R., 8 mis. S. W. of Omro. Pop., 317. Eureka MillH, p. o. in Elbert co., Ga. Eureka Mill<4, ]). o. in Harris co., Tex. Eureka Mills, p. o. in Charlotte co., Va. Eureka South, v. in Nevada co., Cal. Eusti.s, p. o. in Franklin co., Ble. ^Eutaw, p. V. and the co. seat of Greene CO., Ala., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. R., 87 mis. S. W. of Elyton and 62 mis. N. E. of Meri> dian, Miss. One newspaper. Evang'ellne, tn. in Charlevoix co.,Mich. Pop., 90. Evans, p. v. and the co. seat of Weld co., Colo., on tlie Denver Pacific R. R., 48 mis. from Den- ver. Pop., I(i8. One newspaper. Evans, tn. in Marsliall co., 111. Pop , 1,939 Evans, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 2,593. Evans, p. v. in the above tn., near the coast of Lake Ontario and on the Buffalo & Erie R. R., ly, mle. N. W. of Angola. Evausburgh, p. v. in Co.shocton co., Ohio, on EVA^'SBURGH. 311 EYOTA. the Ohio Canal and the Tuscarawas R., 10 nils. E. of Coshocton. Evansburg'b, p. v. in Crawford co., Pa., on Conneaut Luke and a branch of the Erie Canal. It is 2}^ mis. N. of Stony Point on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. Pop., 174. Evan's Liandin^, p. o. in Harrison co., Ind. •Evans' 91111s, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg R. R., 10 mis. N. N. E. of Watertown. Evansport, p. v. in Defiance co., Ohio, on the Tiffin R., 12 mis. N. by W. of Defiance. Pop., 191. Evanston, tn. In Cook co., 111. Pop., 3,062. *Evanstou, p. v. in the above tn.; is a suburb of Chicago. *Evanston, p. v. in Uintah co., Wyo. Ter., on the Union Pacific R. R., 77 mis. K. of Ogden. A line of stages runs from here to Helena, Mont., carrying passengers and mails. Evan'sville, p. v. in Washington co., Ark., 40 mis. from Fort Smith. Evansville, p. v. in Randolph co., HI., on the Kaskaskia R., 8 mis. S. S, E. of Red Bud. *E vansville, city and the co. seat of Vander- burgh CO., Ind., on the Ohio R., 192 mis. above Cairo ; is the southern terminus of the Evans- ville & Crawfordsville R. R.. 109 mis. S. of Ter- re Haute, and the eastern terminus of the St. Louis & Southeastern R. R. It is the princi- pal shippin"; port for grain and pork in south- western Ind., and has numerous manufacto- ries. Pop., 21,830; in 1860, 11,484. Nine news- papers, two of which are dailies. Evansville, p. v. in Douglas co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R., 95 mis. N. W. of St. Cloud. Evansville, p. o. in Monroe co.. Miss. Evansville, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. Evansville, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Evansville, p. v. in Preston co., W. Va., 6 mis. S. W. of Tunnelton. ♦Evansville, p. v. in Rock co.. Wis., on the Madison Division R. R., 12 mis. N. W. of Han- over. Surrounded by a farming community. One newspaper. Evanswood, p. o. in Waupacca co., Wis. Evart, tn. in Osceola co., Mich. Pop., 168. *Evart, p. o. in the above tn. Eve, tn. m Monroe co.. Ark. Pop., 297. Eveland Grove, p. o. in Mahaska co., Iowa. Eveline, tn. in Charlevoix co., Mich. Pop., 294. Eveline, p. o. in Buchanan co.. Mo. Eve Mills, p. o. in Loudon co., Tenn. Evendale, p. o. iu Juniata co., Pa. Evening: Sbades, p. v. and the co. seat of Sharp CO., Ark., 21 mis. N. W. of Batesville and 10.) mis. N. E. of Hopefleld on tlie Missis- sippi R. Everett, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 2,220. Everett, p. v. in above tn., on the Eastern R. R., 4 mis. from Boston. Lately a part of Maldtti. One newspaper. Everett, tn. in Newaygo co., Mich. Pop., 231. Everett, tn. in Cass co., Mo. Pop., 905. Everett, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. from Harrisonville. Everett, p. v. in Bedford co., Pa. Everg-lades. (SeeFla.) Everg-reen, p. v. and the co. seat of Conecuh CO., Ala., on the Mobile & Montgomery R. B., 33 mis. S. W of Greenville. One newspaper. Evergreen, p. o. in Santa Clara co., Cal. Everg-reen, p. v. in Tama co., Iowa. ^Evergreen, p. v. in Avoyelles parish, La., 10 mis. from Hohnesville. Evergreen, tn. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 489. Evergreen, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. Evergreen, p. o. in Washington co., Tex. Evergreen, p. o. in Appomattox co., Va. Everittstown, p. v. in Hunterdon co,, N. J., 6 mis. E. of Millford on the Belvidere & Dela- ware R. R. Everton, p. v. in Fayette co., Ind., 11 mis. S. E. of Connersville. Pop., 149. Ewald, p. o. in Faribault co., Minn. Ewan's Mills, p. o. in Gloucester co., N. J. Evesham, tn. in Burlington co., N.J. Pop., 3,351. Ewing, p. o. in Franklin co.. 111. Ewing, p. v. in Jackson co., Ind., on the Ohio & Missouri R. B.. 5 mis. W. of Brownsville. Ewing, tn. in Mercer co., N. J. Pop., 2,477. Ewing's Corner, p. o. in Hancock co., Ohio. Ewlng's Mills, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., 2 mis. S. of the Ohio R., and 10 mis. W. of Pitts- burgh. Ewing's Bfeck, p. v. in Cumberland co., N. J., near Delaware B. and 7 mis. S. W. of Belle Plain. Ewington, p. o. in Decatur co., Ind. Ewington, p. v. in Gallia CO., Ohio, 19 mis. E. of Jackson. Pop., 191. Ewingville, p. v. in Mercer co., N. J., 4}^ mis. N. of Trenton. Excello, p. o. in Macon co., Mo. Excelsior, tn. in Hennepin co.,Minn. Pop.,335. Excelsior, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. W. by R. R. of Minnatonka. Excelsior, p. o. in Morgan co.. Mo. Excelsior, p. o. in Northumberland CO., Pa. Excelsior, p. v. in Richland co , Wis., 7 mis. N. W. of Port Andrew on the Wisconsin B. Excelsior, tn. in Sauk co., Wis. Pop., 874. Excelsior Mills, p. o. in Jo Daviess CO., 111. Exchange, p. o. in Marshall co., Ky. Exchange, p. o. in Montour co.. Pa. Exeter, p. v. in Scott co.. 111., 6 mis. E. of GriggsvUle. Exeter, p. o. in Clay co., Kans. Exeter, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 1,424. Exeter, p. V. in the above tn., 11 mis. N. of Etna on the Maine Central R. R. Exeter, tn. in Monroe co., Mich. Pop., 1,067. Exeter, p. o. in Monroe co., Mich. Exeter, p. o. in Fillmore co., Nebr. Exeter, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 3,437. *Exeter, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Exeter R. and the Boston & Maine R. 11., 17 mis. N. of Haverhill, Mass. The falls of the river afford fine water-power. E. lias carriage factories, a cotton mill, morocco factory and other industrial establishments. One news- paper. Exeter, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 1/256. Exeter, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. W. of Schuyler's Lake, and 4 mis. E. of W. Exeter. Exeter, tn. in Luzerne co., Pa. Pop., 742. Exeter, p. o. in the above tn. Exeter, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 2,239. Exeter, tn. in Wyoming co., Pa. Pop., 211. Exeter, tn. in Washington co., R. I. Pop., 1,462. Exeter, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. AV. of La Fayette on the Stonington & Providence R.R. Exeter, tn. in Green co.. Wis. Pop., 949. Exeter Mills, p. o. in Penobscot co., Me. Exeter Station, p. v. in Berks Co., Pa., on the Schuylkill li. and Philadelphia & Reading E. R., 6 mis. S. E. of Reading. Exira, tn. in Audubon co., Iowa. Pop., 426. Exira, p. v. and the co. seat of Audubon co., Iowa, on the E. Nishnabotany R., 15 mis. N. W. of Atlantic. Pop., 161. Experiment Mills, p. v. in Monroe co., Pa., on the Delaware & Lackawanna R. R., 2 mis. E. of the Stroudsbnrg depot. Express Ranch, p. o. in Baker co., Oreg. Exton, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on the Chester Valley R. R., !)]4 mis. E. of Downingtown. Extra, tn. in Ashley co.. Ark. Pop., 603. Eyer's Grove, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Eyota, tn. in Olmstead co., Minn. Pop., 1,140. *Eyota, p. V. in the above tn., on the Winona & St. Peter R. R., 37 mis. from Winona. One newspaper. FABACHER. 312 FAIRFIELD. F. Fabaclier, p. o. in St. Landry parish, La. Fftber's Mills, p. v. in Nelson co., Va., on the OruiiKt-, Alexandria & Manassas R. K., 2 mis. ffoin Covcsville. Fabiiis, tn. in Davis co., Iowa. Pop., 1,494. Fabins, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 1,277. Fabins, tn. in Knox co.. Mo. Pop., 1,587. Fabius, tn. in Marion co.. Mo. Pop., 1,908. Fabins, tn. in Schnyler co. , Mo. Pop., 1,474. Fablns, tn. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,047. Fabins, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. E. of Apulia. Pop., .378. Fabitis, p. o. in Hardy CO., W. Va. Fab.yaii House, p. o. in Coos co., N. H. Faciilev, p. o. in Jackson co., Ala. Factory Point, p. v. in Bennington co., Vt., 1% uile. N. E. of Manchester, and near the ISiMinington & Rutland R. R. Factory Villag-e, p. o. in Franklin CO., Mass. Factory ville, p. o. in Cook co., 111. Factory vjlle, p. v. in Cass co., Nebr., 11 mis. N. \V. of Nebraska City. Factory ville, p. v. in Tioga co., N. Y., on the Ithaca & Athens R. R., 19 mis. W. of Owego. Pop., 318. Factory ville, p. v. in Wyoming co., Pa., on the Delaware, Lackawanna & AVestern R. R., .5% mis. N. W. of Waverly. Fagleys ville, p. o. in Montgomery co., Pa. Fag'uiKlns, p. v. in Warren co., Pa. Faigley, tn. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Pop., 112. Fairbanks, tn. in Sullivan co., Ind. Pop., 1,234. Fairbanh, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 1,'23S. FairbaiiU, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. \V. of independence. Fairbault, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., 4,103. Fair Bluff, p. v. in Columbus CO., N. C, on the Wiluiiugton & Weldon K. R., C4 mis. from Wil- mington. Pop. about 100. Fairburn, p. v. in Camnbell CO., Ga., on the Atlanta & West Point' R. R., 19 mis. W. of AVhiteville. Pop., 560. One newspaper. *Fairbury, p. v. in Livingston co.. 111., on the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., 23 mis. E. of (Jhenoa and 27 mis. W. of Gilman ; lies in a line agricultural district. Pop., 1,493. Two newspapers. Fairbury, p. v. and the co. seat of Jefferson CO., Nebr., on Little Blue R. and the St. Jo- soph & Denver City R. R., 55 mis. S. W. of Ijincoln. One newspaper. FaJrcUild, p. o. in Eau Claire CO., Wis. Fair l>ale, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. Fairdale, \i. v. in Susciuehanna co., Pa., 5 mis. W. of Montrose. Fair Dealing, p. o. in Marshall CO., Ky. Fair Grove, tn. in Dickinson co., Iowa. Pop., 172. Fairgrove, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 928, Fairfax, tn. in Linn CO., Iowa. Pop., 1 193. ♦Fairfax, p. v. in Linn CO., Iowa, on the Chi- cago & Northwestern R. R., 8 mis. S. W. of Cedar Rapids. Fairfax, p. o. in Osage co., Kans. Fairfax, p. v. in HiKldand co., Ohio, 14 mis. S. of ltillsl)oro. Pop., 544. Fairfax, tn. in Franklin co., Vt. Pop., 1,95G. Fairfax, p. v. in the above tn., IJ^mls. E. of Fast Georgia. Fairfax, co. in Va., N. E. part. Area, 430 sq. mis. Pop., 12,952 : in 1860, 11,834. The Potomac R. forms the northern and eastern boundaries, and Bull Run the south-western. It Is drained by Goose Cr., Horsepen R. and other small tributaries of the Potomac. The surface is undulating and hilly and the soil productive. Mt. Vernon, Washington's residence on the bank of the Potomac, is in this co. The Orange, AJexandria & Manassas R. R. and the Wash- ington & Ohio R. R. pass through it. Fair- fax Court House is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 59,972 bush.; rye, 9,240 bush.; Indian-corn, 29.5,330 bush.; oats, 120,072 bush.; Irish pot's, 71,227 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,923 bush.; butter, 178,345 lbs.; hay, 8,097 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,885,840. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., .$939,230. Value of manufactures, $334,004. ♦Fairfax Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of the above co., 3}4 mis. N. of Fairfax Station on the Orange, Alexandria & Manas- sas R. R., and 25 mis. from Washington, D. C. One newspaper. Fairfax Station, v. in Fairfax co., Va., on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 17 mis. W. ot Alexandria. Fairfield, p. o. in Covington co., Ala. Fairfield, co. in Conn., forming the S. W. ex- tremity of the state. Area about 6.50 sq. mis. Pop., 95.276 ; in 1860, 77,476. It is bounded on the W. by N. y.; on the S. by Long Island Sound, and on the E. by the Housatonic R. The surface of thenorthern part is hilly and broken ; ofthe southern low and level. The soil is produc- tive and generally well cultivated. The New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. passes through the co. along the sea-coast, and sev- eral other lines intersect it from S. to N. Man- xifacturing and agriculture are the chief oc- cupations of the inhabitants. Fairfield and Danbury are the co. seats. Agr. jn-otluctions in 1870: Wheat, 13,312 bush.; rye, 46,457 bush.; oats, 172,482 bush.; Indian-corn, 285,683 bush.; Irish pot's, 515,128 bush.; sweet pot's, 64 bush.; butter, 880,261 lbs.; hav, 78,950 tons. Cash value of farms, $25,038,719. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., §3,891,312. The principal products of industry are : Ammunition, $740.- 000 ; boots and shoes, .$480,031 ; carriages and wagons, $577,720: men's clothing, $1,807,140; drugs and chemicals, $1,039,044; hardware, $740,851; hats and caps, $3,472,660; india-rub- ber goods, $998,319; sewing machines, $.',464,- 000 ; steel springs, $425,000, and woollen goods, $2,314,990. Value of manufactures, $23,499,004. Fairfield, tn. in Fairfield co., Conn. Pop., 5,645. ^Fairfield, p. v. in the above tn. and one of the CO. seats of the co., on Long Island Sound and the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R , 22 mis. S. W. of New Haven, and 54 mis. E. of New York. It has many elegant private resi- dences, and is a place of consideralile attrac- tion on account of the fine scenery in the neighborliood. Tourists find good acconimo- dations in a very large and fine hotel. Fairfield, tn. in Bureau co.. 111. Pop., 748. *Fairfield, p. A', and the co.seat of Wayne co., HI., on the Springfield & Illinois Southeast- ern R. R., 129 mis. from Springfield and 40 nils. S. by E. of Flora. A shipping point for Inm- ber. Pop., 719. Two newspapers. Fairfield, v. in Bureau co.. 111., 15 mis. N. N, W. of Slieflield. Fairfield, tn. in De Kalb co., Ind. Pop., 1,554. FAIRFIELD. 313 FAIR HAVEN. Fairfield, tn. in Franklin CO., Ind. Pop., 845. Fairfield, p. v. in the above tn., on the "White Water R., 7 mis. N. of Brookvllle, Fairfield, tn. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Pop., 2,230. Fairfield, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., 754. Fairfield, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 1,026. • Fairfield, tn. in Grundy co., Iowa. Pop., 720. Fairfield, tn. in Jefferson co., Iowa, Pop., 3,870. ♦Fairfield, p. v. and the co. seat of Jefferson CO., Iowa, on Big Cedar Cr., and at the inter- section of the Burlington & Missouri River R. R. with the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 50 mis. W. of Bui'lington ; has a Female Seminary and a College, and lies upon a fer- tile prairie, with some forests. Pop., 2,226. Two newspapers. Fairfield, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 889. Fairfield, p. v. in Nelson co., Ky., 9 mis. from Samuels' Depot. Popy 167. Fairfield, p. v. in St. Mary's co., Md., on Ches- apeake B., 16}^ mis. S. E. of Leonardtown. Fairfield, tn. in Somerset co.. Me. Pop., 2,09S. Fairfield, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. W. of Fairfield Corners and 8 mis. S. of Skohegan. Fairfield, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 1,725. Fairfield, p. v. in the ahove tn., 6 mis, S. of Adrain. Fairfield, tn. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop., 632. Fairfield, p. o. in Swift co., Minn. Fairfield, p. v. in Benton co.. Mo., 13 mis. from Warsaw. Fairfield, tn. in Cumberland co., N, J, Pop., 3,011. Fairfield, p. o. in Essex co,, N, J., 11 mis. N. W. of Newark. Fairfield, tn. in Herkimer co,, N, Y, Pop., 1,653. ♦Fairfield, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. of Little Falls. Pop., 281. Fairfield, p. o. in Hyde co., N. C. Fairfield, CO. in Ohio, S. central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 31,138 ; m 1860, 30,538. Tne surface is undulating j the soil lertile. It is intersected by the Ohio and Hocking Canals, and by the Columbus & Hocking Valley R. R. and the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R. Lancaster is the co. seat. Agi\ productions in 1870 : Wheat, 553,924 bush.; rye, 12,721 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,706,216 bush.; oats, 242,380 bush,; Irish pot's, 116,231 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,059 bush.; butter, 609,348 lbs.; hay, 25,107 tons. Cash value ot farms, $17,962,097, Total, esti- mated.value of all farm productions,including additions to stock, etc., $3,450,967. Value ot manufactures, $1,342,333, Fairfield, tn, in Butler co,, Ohio. Pop., 13,512. Fairfield, tn, in Columbiana CO., Ohio. Pop., 2,682. Fairfield, p. v. in Greene Co., Ohio., l}4 mle. S. E. of Osborn. Pop., 397. Fairfield, tn. in Highland co., Ohio. Pop., 2,51)5. Fairfield, tn. in Huron co., Ohio. Pop., 1,332. Fairfield, tn. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 1,210. Fairfield, tn. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, Pop., 781. Fairfield, tn. in Washington co., Ohio, Pop., 824. Fairfield, p. o. in Marion co., Oreg. Fairfield, p. v. in Adams co.. Pa., 8^ mis. S. W. of Gettysburg. Pop., 258. Fairfield, tn, in Crawford co.. Pa. Pop., 871. Fairfield, tn. in Lycoming co., Pa, Pop., 479. Fairfield, v. in Somerset co.. Pa. Fairfield, v. in Huntingdon co., Pa., on Sha- ver's Cr. Fairfield, tn, in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Pop., 1,895. Fairfield, district in S. C, N. central part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 19,888 ; in 1860, 22,111 The surface is uneven and the soil fertile. Wateree R. forms the N. E. boundary and the Broad and Santee Rs. the W. boundary. The Charlotte & Soiith Carolina R. R. intersects the central part from N. to S. Winnsborough is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 28,005 bush.; rye, 282 bush.; Indian-corn 218,054 bush.; oats, 16,269 bush.; Irish pot's, 131 bush.; sweet pot's, 474 bush.; rice^ 3,000 lbs,; cotton, 14,024 bales. Cash value of farms, $2,- 214,870. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,658,583. Value of manufactures, $98,- 977. Fairfield, p. o. in Bedford co., Tenn. Fairfield, p. v. and tlic co. seat of Freestone CO., Tex., 28 mis. E. N. E. of Springfield, Pop., 800. Fairfield, p. o. in Utah co., Utah. Fairfield, tn. in FrankUn co,, Vt. Pop., 2,391. Fairfield, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. E. of St. Albans. Fairfield, tn. in Henrico co., Va. Pop., 4,980. Fairfield, tn. in Northumberland co., Va. Pop., 1,645. Fairfield, p. v. in Rockbridge co^^ Va., 25 mla. S. W. of Staunton and 10 mis. N. E. of Lexing- ton. Fairfield, p. o. in Rock co., Wis. Fairfield, tn. in Sauk co.. Wis. Pop., 689. Fairfield, v, in Walworth co., Wis., 8 mis. W. of Del'avan. Fairfield Centre, p. o. in De Kalb co., Ind. Fairfield Centre, p. v. in Somerset co.. Me. Fairfield Centre, p. o in Lycoming co.. Pa. Fairfield Corners, p. v. in Somerset co.. Me,, on the Portland & Somerset R, R., 8 mis. S, of Skohegan. Fair Forest, p. o. in Union co., S. C. Fair Garden, p. o. in Sevier co., Tenn. Fair Ground, p. o. Marion co., Oreg. Fair Grove, p. v. in Greene co.. Mo., 14 mis. from Springfield. ,. . „ Fair Grove, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 928. Fair Grove, p. o. in the above tn. Fair Grove, p. o. in Davidson co., N. C, Fair Haven, p. v. in New Haven co.. Conn., near the city of New Haven, between the Mill R. and Quinnipiac B. „, ,, Fair Haven, tn. m Carroll CO., 111. Pop., Fair Haven, p, v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. E. of Mt. Carroll. Fairtaaven, p. o. In Tama co., Iowa. Fairhaveu, tn. in Bristol co., Mass. Pop., 2,626. Fairhaven, p. V. in the above tn., opposite New Bedford, on a bay extending from Buz- zards B. ,^. , „ Fair Haven, tn. in Huron co., Mich, Pop,, 528. ,,. ,. Fair Haven, p. V. in St. Clair co. Mich., on the N. coast of Lake St. Clair, 12 mis. S. E. of Richmond. „. _ Fair Haven, tn. in Stearns Co., Minn. Pop., 30(1 Fair Haven, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. S. bv W. of St. Clair. -t. ^ Fair Haven, p. v, in Cayuga co^, N. Y., on a bay of Lake Ontario, S]^ mis. W. ot Sterling, Pop 53'' Fair Haven, p. V, in Preble co., Ohio, 6 mis. W. of Camden. , , -tri t> Fair Haven, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., *Fair Haven, p. V. in the above tn., on the Saratoga I White Hall R. R., U mis, W. of FAIR HILL. 314 FAIRVIEW. Rutland. It lies on the Castleton R. and has rolling mills and various machine shops. There .ire quarries of excellent marble and slate iu the neighborhood. Fair Hill, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., 7 mis. N. of Kllcton, Fair Hill, p. o. in Marshall co., "W. Va. Fair Hope, p. o. in Somerset co., Pa. ^Falrlaiid, p. v. in Shelby co., Indi, on the In- diauit|iolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette 11. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Shelbyville. It is the eastern terminus of the Martinsville R. R. and is sur- rounded by a rich agricultural district. Fop. aV)out liOO. Fairlee,, \). o. in Kent CO., Md. Fairlee, tu. in Orange co., Vt. Pop., 416. Fairlee, ii. v. in the above tn., on the Connec- ticut & I'assumpsic Rivers R. R., 01^ mis. S. of Bradford. It is pleasantly situated on the Connecticut R. Fairmont, tn. in Martin co., Minn. Pop., 699. '^Fairmont, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 22 mis. S. W. of Winnebago city and 40 inls. S. by W. of Mankato. Centre of an agri- cultural trade. One newspaper. Fairmont, p. v. in Clarke co., Mo., 25 mis. from Canton. *Fairinojit, p. v. in Fillmore co., Nebr., on the JJurlington & Missouri River R. R., 53 mis. W. of Lincoln. Pop., 37.^. One newspaper. Fairmont, tn. in INIarioneo., W. Va. Pop.. 1,781. ^Fairmont, p. v. in the above tn. and tlie co. seat, on the Monongahela R. and the Balti- more & Ohio R. R.j 3U2 mis. \V. of Baltimore. A fine suspension bridge connects it with Pa- latine on the opposite l)ank of the river. Shipping point for coal ; a branch of the State Normal School is located here. Pop., 621. One iiewspapc^r. Fair Mount, p. v. in Gordon co., Ga.,"22 mis. from Cartersville. *Falrmount, p. v. in Vermillion co., IU., on the Toleilo, Wabash & "Western R. R., 15 mis. AV. S. W. of Danville. Faimiount, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop., 1,120. Fairmount, tn. in Grant co., Ind. Pop., 1,.573. Fairmount, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. of J()ni'sb!)rough. Pop., 337. Fairmount, tn. in Leavenworth co., Ivans. Pop., 749. Fairmount, p. v. in the above tn., on the LeavenworLh Branch of the Kansas Pacific R. R., 10 mis. from Leavenworth. Fairmount, p. v. iu Jefferson co., Ky., 16 mis. from Louisville. Fairmount, p. o. in Somerset co., Md. Fair Mount, p. v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., S]4 mis. M. of White House Station, on the Cen- tral R. R. of New Jersey. Fair Mount, p. o. iu Onondaga co., N. Y. Fairmount, p. o. in Ilaniiltoh co., Teuu. Fairmount, tn. in Luzerne co., Pa. Pop., 1.031. Fairmount Springs, p. o. in the above tn. Fair Oaks«, p. o. in Orange co., N. Y. Fair Oaks, v. in Henrico co., Va., on the Rich- mond & Yoik River R. R., 7 mis. from Rich- mond. Fairplain, tn.in jNlontcalmco., Mich. Pop., 974. Fairplay, p. v. in Kl Dorado co., Cal., 15 mis. S. 10. of Shingle Springs. *Fair J*lay, p v. and the co. seat of Park co., Colo., on the South Platte R., in a valley ex- t(M\ding W. from the South Park, It is 105 nils. s. W. of Denver. Fiisa-play, tn. in Greene co„ Ind. Pop., 780. Fair Play, p. o. in Washington co., Md. Fair S'ljiy, (). o. in Polk co.. Mo. Fair I'lay, i>. o. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Fair Play, p. o. in Oeonee co., S. C. Fair I'lay, i). v. in Grant CO., Wis., 6 mis. N. E. of Dmileitli, 111. Fair Point, p. o. in Goodhue CO., Minn. Fairpi>rt, v. in Allen co. Liid., 4 mis. from Worthington. Fairport, p. v. in Muscatine co., Iowa, on the Mississippi R., 7 mis. above Muscatine. Pop., 137. Fairport, v. in Lake co., Ohio, at the mouth of Grund R., 2 mis. N. of Painesville. Fairport, p. o. in De Kalb co. Mo. *Fairport, p. v. in Monroe co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal and the New York Central R. E., 10 mis. p. of Rochester. Fairport, p. o. in Graiiville CO., N. C. Fairton, p. v. in Cumberland CO., N. J., 4 mis. S. of Bridgeton. Fairview, p. o. in Dallas co.. Ark. Fairview, p. o. in Lincoln CO., Dak. Ter. Fair View, p. o. in Franklin co., Ga. Fairview, p. o. in Owyhee co., Idaho Ter. Fairview, tn. in Independence co., Ark. Pop., 243. Fairview, tn. in Bond co., III. Pop., 1,044. Fairview, tn. in Fulton co.. 111. Pop., 1,317. *Fairview, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. W. of Canton. Fairview, tn. in Fayette co., Ind. Pop., 601. Fairview, v. in the above tn., 1 mle. from Fal- mouth. Fairview, p. v. in Randolph co., Ind., on the Mississinnewa R., (i% mis. S. of Dunkirk. Pop., 142. Fairview, tn. in Alamakee co., Iowa. Pop., f;30. Fairview, tn. in Emmett CO., Iowa. Pop., 56. Fairview, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 2,332. Fairview, tn. in Jones co., Iowa. Pop., 3,0S!.5. Fairview, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. S. W. of Anamosa. Pop., 238. Fairview, tn. in Monona co., Iowa. Pop,, 2S1. Fairview, tn. in Shelby co , Iowa. Pop., 647. Fairview, p. o. in Brown co., Kans. Fairview, tn. in Labette co., Kans. Pop., 464. Fairview, p. v. in Christian CO., Ky., 10 mis. from Ho])kinsville. Fairvie^v, p. o. in Concordia CO., La. Fairview, p. o. in Washington co., Md. Fairview, p. o. in Mason co., Mich. Fairview, v. in Fillmore co., Minn., 2 mis. S. of Spring Valley on the Southern Minnesota R. R. Fairview, tn. in Caldwell co.. Mo. Pop., 910. Fairview, tn. iu Livingston co.. Mo. Pop., l.OOIi. Fairview, p. o. in St. Louis co., INIo. Fairview, p. o in Saline CO., Nebr. Fairview, p. v. in Ber^n co., N. J., on the Noithern It. R. of New Jersey. Fairview, p. v. in Cattaraugus CO., N. Y., 19 nils. N. of Cuba on the Erie R. R. Fairview, p. v. in Buncombe Co., N. C.,49 mis. fiom Morganton. Fairview, p. v. in Guernsey co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., iO]^ mis. E. of Cambridge. Pop., 377. Fairview, p. o. in Coos co., Oreg. Fairview, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 1,078. Fairview, v. in the above tn., 14 mis. N. E. of Butler. Fairview, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 1,674. *Fairview, p. v. in the al)ove tn., on the Bea ■ ver& Erie Canal, and at the junction of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. with the Eric & Pittsburgh R. R. Pop., 480. Fairview, tn. in Mercer co., Pa. Pop., 920. Fairview, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 1,941. Fairview, p. v. in Greenville co., S. C, 24 mis. from Greenwich Court House. Fairview, p. o. in Anderson eo., Teiin. Fairview, p. o. in Wilson co., Tex. Fair View, p. v. in San Pete co., Utah Tex-., 30 mis. N. !•:. of Manti. Pop., 5.31. Fairview, p. v. and the co. seat of Hancock CO., W. Va., S mis. S. E. of Wellsville, Ohio, and 3i! mis. N. of Wheeling. One newspaper. Fairview, v. in Crawford co., Wis. 25 mis. N. N. E. of Prairie du Chien. FAIRVIEW. 315 FALMOUTH. Fairview, p. v. in Grant co., Wis., 12^4 t^^- N- of Galena, 111. Fairview Village, p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., 5 nils. X. N. W. of Norristown. Fairville, p. o. in Saline co., Mo. Fairville, p. v. in Wayne co., X. Y., on the Sodus i'oiiit & Southern R. R., 5^ nils, from Newark. Pop., 151. Fairville, p. v. in Chester co., Pa., on the Pliiladelphia & Baltimore Central R. R., Hi}4 mis. W. S. W. of Media. Fair Water, p. v. in Fon du Lac co., Wis., 5 mis. W. of Brandon. Fair Weather, p. o. in Adams co.. 111. Faison's Depot, p. o. in Duplin co., N. C. Falcon, p. v. in Nevada co., Ark., 43 mis. from Cuindcn. Falkland, p. v. in Pitt co., N. C, 17 mis. from Tarliorongli. Falking'ton, tn. in Sangamon co., 111. Pop., 97.-;. Falkner, p. o. in Tippah co., Miss. Falk's Store, p. o. in Ada co., Idaho. Fallasbur^h, p. v. in Kent co., Mich., on Flat R., 6 mis. N. of Lowell. Fall Brook, p. borough in Tioga CO., Pa., the terminus of the Tioga R. R., b% mis. E. of Blossburgh. Pop., 1,390. Fall City, p. o. in King co., Wash. Ter. Fall City, p. v. in Dunn co.. Wis., 12 mis. S. E. of Mononioiiee. Fall Creek, tn. in Adams co., 111. Pop., 990. Fall Creek, p. o. in Adams co., 111. Fall Creek, tn. in Hamilton co., Ind. Pop., 1,530. Fall Creek, tn. in Henr5' co., Ind, Pop., 2,0U5. Fall Creek, tn. in Madison co., Ind. Pop., '2,4S3. Fall Creek, p. o. in Oconee co., S. C. Fall Creek, p. o. in Bedford co., Tenn. Fallen Timber, p. v. in (jambria co.. Pa., 15 nils. N. N. E. of Loretto near the Ebcnsburgh Branch R. R. Falling' Creek, p. o. in Lenoir co., N. C. Falling' River, a tributary of the Staunton R., in Campbell co., Va. Falling Spring, p. o. in Perry co., Pa. Falling Spring, p. o. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Falling Spring, tn. in Greenbrier co., W.Va. Foil., 1.13^. Falling Springs, p. o. in Douglas co.. Mo. Falling Water, tn. in Berkeley co., W. Va. Pop., l,21f. ^Falling Waters, p. v. In the above tn., 10 mis. from Jlartinsburg. Fallowlield, tn. in Ci-awford co.. Pa. Fallowfield, v. in the above tn., on the Atlan- tic & Great Western R. R., 7}^ mis. N. of Green- ville. Fallowfield, tn. in Washington co., Pa. Pop., 834. Fall River, a tributary of Pitt R., on the Up- per Sacramento, in Siskiyou co., Cal.; has its source in a group of larg"e springs at the E. base of Mt. Shasta, and flows through a fis- sure-like channel, pursuing a very elevious coui'se for about 00 mis. Fall River, tn. in La Salle co., 111. Pop., 523. Fall River, tn. in Greenwood CO., Kans. Pop., 1,119. Fall River, p. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. Fall River, in. in Wilson co., Kans. Pop., 896. *Fall River, city and port of entrv, in Bristol CO.. Mass., on the Old Colony R. R., 49 mis. S. of Boston and at the entrance of Taunton R, into .Mt. Hope B.; is one of the leading nianu- facluring towns of the state. The river furn- ishes never-failing water-]iower. It descends in tlie last half mile of its coarse 140 feet. Tile city has numerous cotton and woollen factories of great extent. The harbor has eufticieut depth for the largest vessels. It is the terminus of the Fall River line of sound steamers to New York, a distance of 190 mis. Pop., 26,760. Four newspapers. Fall River, p. v. in Columbia co..Wis., on the St. Paul & Milwaukee R. R., 22 /ills. N. W. of Watertown. Pop., 100. Falls, tn. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa. Pop,, 653. Falls, tn. in Hocking co., Ohio. Pop., 3,760. Falls, tn. in Chase co., Kans. Pop., 459. Falls, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop., 3,361. Falls, tn. in Wyoming co., Pa. Pop., 3,096. Falls, p. V. in the above tn., on the Susque- hanna R., 1114 mis. N. N. E. of Pittston. Falls, tn. in Bucks co., Pa. Pop., 2,298. Falls, CO. in Tex., central part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 9,851 ; in 1860, 3,614. The surface is level and the soil good, producing much cot- ton. It is intersected from N. to S. bv the Bra- zos R. and also drained by Deer Cr. Marlin is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Rye, 200 bush.; Indian-corn, 403,094 bush ; oats, 650 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,.322 bush.; sweet pot's, 31,- 424 bush.; cotton, 14,126 bales; butter, 3,152 lbs. Cash value of farms, $519,704. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,080,186. Value of man- ufactures, S')2,9j0. Falls, tn. in Fayette co., W. Va. Pop., 1,414. Fall's Branch, p. o. in Washington co., Tenn. Fallsburgb, tn. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pop.. 3,20(J. ' Fallsburgb, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. E. of Monticello. Fallsburgb, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop.. 865. Fallsburgb, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. of Hanover. Falls Churcb, tn. in Fairfax co., Va. Pop., 2,461. *Falls Cburch, p. v. in the above tn., near the Washington & Ohio R. R., 11 mis. W. of Alex- andria. *Falls City, p. v. and the co. seat of Richard- son CO., Nebr., on Atchison & Nebraska R. R., 55 mis. from Atchison. Center of an agricul- tural and grazing district. Pop., 607 One news- paper. Falls City, p. V. in Fayette co.. Pa., on the Pittsburgh, Washington & Baltimore. R. R. Fallsington, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 7 mis. N. of Bristol. Falls Mills, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Falls Mills, p. o. in Tazewell co., Va. Falls of Rough, p. o. in Grayson co., Ky. Falls Run City, p. o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Fallston, p. v. in Harford co., Md., on the Gunpowilev R., lo^^ mis. N. AV. of Magnolia. *Falls Village, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., on the Housatonic R. R., 67 mis. N. of Bridge- port. Falnioutb, p. v. in Ru-sh co., Ind., on the Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 12V^ mis. N. E. of Rushville. *Falmouth, p. v. and the co. seat of Pendleton CO., Ky., on the Licking River & Kentucky Central R. R., 60 mis. N. E. of Frankfort. Pop., 614. One newspaper. Falnioutb, tn. in Cumberland co.. Me. Pop., 1,730. Falnioutb, p. v. in the above tn., near the Grand Trunk R. R., 4 mis. N. of Portland. Falinoutb, tn. in Barnstable co., Mass. Pop., 2,237. Falnioutb, p. v. in the above tn., on the coast of Vineyartl Sound, 18 nils. S. of Monument on CapeCod R. R. One newspaper, Falmoutli, p. o. in INIissaukee co., Mich. Faliiioutli, p. V. ill Lancaster co., Pa., on the Susi-iuehanna R., the Pennsylvania Canal and the Pennsylvania CeutralR. R., 3% mis. N. W. 01 Bainbridge. Falmouth, tn. in Stafford co., Va. Pop., 1,694, Falnioutb, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rap- pahannock R., nearly opposite Fredericks- burg, and 60 mis. by railroad N. of Richmona FALSE CAPE. 316 FARMER VILLAGE. False Cape, p. o. in Humboldt co., Cal. Falun, p. V. in Saline CO., Kans. Fame, p. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. Fa«ne, p. o. in Choctaw co.. Miss. Fancy Creels, tn. in Sangamon co.. 111. Pop., i,rj.). Fancy Creeh, p. o. in Clay co., Kans. Fancy Creels, p. o. in Richland co., Wis. Fancy Farm, p. o. in Graves co., Ky. Fancy Oap, tn. in Carroll co., Va. Pop., 1,530. Fancy Oap, p. o in Carroll co., Va. Fancy Crove, p. o. in Bedford co.. Va. Fancy Hill, p. o. in Iredell co., N. C. Fancy Hill, p. o. in llockbridye CO., Va. Fandon, p. v. McDonough co., 111., 5 mis. S. of Colchester on Chicago, Burlington & Quincy II. R Fanli^bt, p. o. in Wetzel co., "W. Va. Fannet, tn. in Franklin co.. Pa. Pop., 2,146. Fannettsbnr^h, p. v. in Franlclin co.. Pa., on Couococheagne Cr., 12 nils. N. of Loudon. Fannie, p. o. m Cloud co.,Kans. Fannile, p. o. in Cotfee co., Ga. Fannin, co. in Ga., N. part. Area, 331 sq. mis. Pop., .5,4-29; in 18G0, .^,139. It borders on N. C. and Tenn., and is traversed by several moun- taiu chains. The principal stream is the Toecoa lv.,a tributary of the Tennessee, which flows through a broad fertile valley abounding in magnificent scenery. Morgaiiton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 3,H47 bush.; rye, 7,027 bush.; Indian-corn, 113,754 bush.; oats, 6,210 bush.; Irish pots, 5,646 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,517 btish.; butter, 31,515 lbs.; hav, 97 tons. Cash value of farms, $301,020. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $133,546. Value of manufactures, $4,612. Fannin, p. o. in Rankin co., Miss. Fannin, co. in Tex., N. ijart. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 13,207 ; in 1S60, 9,217. Thestirface is prai- rie laud and very fertile. Red R. separates it from Ind. Ter. on the N. It is drained by tlie Xortli Fork of Sulplmr R. and by Bois d"' Arc Cr. Bonham is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1S70 : Wheat, 15,648 bvtsh.; rye, 191 bush.; Indian-corn, 476,.5li3 bush.; oats, 53,472 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,043 bush.; sweet pot's, 23,193 bush.; cotton, 5,699 bales ; butter, 123,835 lbs. Cash valtie of farms, $1,302,250. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $759,456. Value of manu- factures, !jil06,333. Fanning', p. o. in Donipilian co. Kans. Faqnctique, p. o. in Si. Landry parish, La. Farabee's Station, p. o. in Washington co., Ind. Farber, p. o. in Audrian co.. Mo. Farju'o, ]). v. in Pembina co.. Dak. Faribault, co. in Minn., S. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 9,940 ; in 1860,1,335. The surface is level and the soil fertile. The co. is bounded on the S. by Iowa. The W. part is drained by Blue Earth R. and its tributaries. The Min- nesota Central R. R. passes through the N. central part. Blue Earth city is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 552,940 bush.; rye, 2«6 bush.; Indian-corn, 137,496 bush.; oats, 394,992 bush.; Irish pot's, 29,321 bush.; butter, 259,645 lbs.; liay, 15,398 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,916,98.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $732,645. Value of manufactures, $81,797. *Faribault, p. v. and the co. seat of Rice co,, iSIinn., at the junction of Cannon and Straight Rs. and on the Milwaukee, .St. Paul & Minne- apolis R. R., 56 mis. 8. of .St. I'aul, and 48 mis. N. of Austin. The State Asylum for the Bt^af and Dumb and an Episcoi)alian college are located here. It has manufactories. Pop., 3,04.5. Two newspapers. Farina, p. v. in Fayette CO., 111., on the Illi- nois Central R. li., 224 mis. S. S. W. of Chicago. Pop., 232. Farland, p. o. in McPherson co., Kans. *Farley, p. v. in Dubuque co., Iowa, at the jituction of the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R. with the Dtibuqtie & South- western R. R., 23 mis. W. of Dubuque ; is a flourishing place. Farley, n. v. in Platte co.. Mo., on the Kansas City, St.' Joseph & Council BlulTs R. R. Farlinj^ton, p. o. in Crawford co., Kans Farlinville, p. o. in Linn co., Kans. Farnidale, p. V. in Franklin co., Ky., 6 mis. from Frankfort. Farmer, tn. in Defiance co., Ohio. Pop.l1,I84. Farmer, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. W . of Bryan. *Farmer City, p. v. in De Wittco., 111., on the Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western E. R., 24 nils. VV. of Champaign and 24 mis. S. E. of Bloomington. Has much trade. Pop., 537. One n(!wspaper. Farmers, p. o. in Sioux co., Iowa. Farmers, ]). o. in Rowan co., Ky. Farmers, p. o. in Sanilac CO., Mich. Farmers, tn. in Fulton co.. 111. Pop., 1,0.53. Farmersburg', tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,236. Farinersburgh, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, 7 nils. W. S. W. of McGregor. Farmersburgh, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. Farmer's Creek, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,502. Farmer's Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Farmer's Creek, p. o. in Lapeer co., Mich. Farmers' Fork, p. o. in Richmond co., Va. Farmer's Grove, v. in Fillmore co^ Minn., near Root R., 9 mis. W. I^. W. of Lanesbo- rougli. Farmer's Grove, p. o. in Southampton co., Va. Farmer's Grove, p. v. in Green co., ^Vis., 10 mis. N. N. W. of Moiiroe. Farmer's Institute, p. o. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Farmer's Mills, p. v. in Putnam co., N. Y., 7 mis. N. W. of Carmel. Farmers Point, p. o. in Calhoun co.. 111. Farmer's Retreat, p. v. in Dearborn co., Ind., 8 mis. S. of JMoores Hill. Farmers' Station, p. o. in Owen co., Ind. Farmer's Station, p. v. in Clinton co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati II. R., 3)4 mis. W. of New Vienna. Farmerstown, p. o. in Holmes co., Ohio. Farmer's Valley, p. o. in Hamilton co., Nebr. Farmer's Valley, p. v. in McKean co.. Pa., i>]4 mis. X. of Smithporl. Farmer's Valley, p. o. in Perry co., Tenn. Farmer's Valley, p. o. in Monroe CO., Wis. Farniersville, p. o. in Lowndes co., Ala. Farmersville, tn. in Tulare co., Cal. Pop., 807. Farniersville, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. y. E. of Visalia. Farniersville, p. v. in Posey co., Ind., 4 mis. N. of Mt. Vernon. Farmersville, p. o. in Caldwell co., Ky. ^Farniersville, p. v. and the co. seat of Union parish, La., 24 mis. from Trenton, and near Bayou d' Arbonne. Pop., 272. One news]iaper. Farmersville p. v. in Livingston co.. Mo., 12 mis. from ChiUicothe. Farmersville, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1,114. Farniersville, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of Rusliford. Farmersville, p. v. in .Montgomery co., Ohio, 151^ mis. S. W. of Dayton. Pop., 312. Farniersville, v. in Holmes co., Oliio, 11 mis. S. E. of Millerslnirgh. Farmersville, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Farmersville, p. o. in Collins CO.. Tex. Farmersville, p. v. in Dodge CO., Wis., 11 mis. N. N. E. of Horicon. Farmer Villag-e, p. v. in Seneca co., N. Y., near Cayuga L., li mis. S. K. of Ovid. FAEM HILL. 317 FAULK. Farm Hill, p. o. in Olmstead co., Minn. Fariningdalc, tn. in Kennebec co., Me. Pop., 859. Farniliigdale, p. v. in Monmouth co., N. J., near the junction of the Freehold & .Janies- hurgh R. R. with the New Jersey Southern R. R., 734 nils S. E. of Freehold. Farming'dale, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., on the Lons Island R. R., 30 mis. E. of Brooklyn. Farmlngliani, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 4,;iii8. Farniiiigton, p. o. in "Washington co., Ark. Farniin^rton, p. v. in San Joaquin co., Cal., 14 mis. E. of Stockton. Farmin^ton, tn. in Hartford co., Conn. Pop., 2,017. Farmlng'ton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Farmington R. and 2^ mis. E. of the station on the New Haven & Northampton R. R., 30 mis. N. of New Haven and 9]4 mis. S. W. of Hai-tford ; has several factories, producing iron castings, spoons, forks, paper, etc. ; is the seat of a celebrated young ladies' school. The vicinity abounds in picturesque scenery. Fariniiigton, p. v. in Kent co., Del., on the Delaware R. R., W% mis. S. of Dover. Farining'ton, tn. in Fulton co., 111. Pop., 2,0* >. *FariiiIngton, p. v. in tlie above tn., 11 mis. N. of Canton by railroad and 24 mis. W. of Peoria. It is situated in a fertile district and improves rapidly. *Fariiiliig'toii, p. V. in Van Buren co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 30 nils. N. W. of Keo- kuk ; is a thriving place, which ships much farm produce. Pop., U40. Farniington, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., 1,240. Farining'ton, tn. in Van Buren Co., Iowa. Pop.,l,4:j'.>. Farining'ton, p. o. in Atchison co., Kans. Farinington, tn. in Republic co., Kans. Pop., 219. Farinington, p. v. in Graves co., Ky., 9 mis. from Muyfleld. Farining'ton, tn. in Franklin co.. Me. Pop., 3,2.51. ^Farniing'ton, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat ; the terminus of the Androscoggin R. R., 63 mis. N. of Brunswick ; lies on the Sandy R. and is surrounded by a rich agri- cultural district. On the stream in the vicin- ity lliere are several mills and factories. One newsjiapcr. Farinington, p. v. in Cecil CO., Md.,2J^ mis. S. E. of Rising Sun. Farining'ton, tn. in Oakland CO., Mich. Pop., 1,927. Farinington, p. v. in the above tn., 19^^ mis. N. AV. of Detroit. *^Farinington, p. v. in Dakota co., Minn., at the intersection of the Milwaukee, St. Paul & Minneapolis R. R. with the Hastings & Da- kota R. R., 29 mis. S. of St. Paul. One news- paper. Farniington, tn. in Olmstead co.,Minn. Pop., 937. ■^Farinington, p. v. and the co. seat of St. Francois co.. Mo., 15 mis. E. of Bismarck, and 2 mis. N. E. of Delassus. Pop., 393. Two news- papers. Farinington, tn. in Straflford CO., N. H. Pop., 2,063. *Farutlng^ton, p. v. in the above tn., near the Dover & Winnipiseogee R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of Rochester. Farinington, tn. in Ontario co., N.Y. Pop., l,89ti. Farinington, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. of Macedonia. Farniington, p. v. in Davie CO., N. C, 28 mis. N. of Salisbury. Farining'ton, tn. in Trumbull CO., Ohio. Pop., l,OJt). Farinington, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. W. of Leavittsburg. Farinington, tn. in Tioga Co., Pa. Pop., 997. Farining'ton, p. v. in Fayette co., Pa., 123^ mis. S. E. of Uniontown. Farming-ton, tn. in Clarion co.. Pa. Pop., 1,(>42. Farmington, tn. in Wan-en co., Pa. Pop., 1,101. Farmington, p. v. in Marshall co., Tenn., 7 mis. from Lewisburg. Fikrmington, p. v. in Graj-son co., Tex., 13 mis. S. of Sherman. Fai-mington, p. v. and the co. seat of Davis CO., Utali, on the Utah Central R. R.. 22 mis. S. ot Odgen and 15 mis. N. of Salt Lake City. Farining'ton, p. v. in Marion co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 10 mis. W. of Pair- mount. Pop., 85. Farmington, tn. in La Crosse co., "Wis. Pop., 1,5-22. Farmington, tn. in Jefferson co.. Wis. Pop., 2,416. Farmington, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. of Watertown. Farinington, tn. in Polk co., "Wis. Pop., .TOB. Farmington, tn. in "Washington co.,. Wis. I^oji., 1,N^5. Farmington, tn. in"Waupacca co., Wis. Pop., Farniington Centre, p. o. in Tioga co., Pa. Farmington Centre, p. v. in Polk CO., "Wis., •J nils. S. of Osceola Mills. Farniington Falls, p. v. in Franklin co.. Me., on Sandy R., 5 mis. S. E. of Farmington. Farinington Hill, p. o. in Tioga co.. Pa. Farmington River, a tributary of the Con- necticut R.; rises in S. Massachusetts, flows S. S. "W. to Farmington, Hartford co., Conn., and turns N. to TaritTville; thence it flows eastward and empties near "Windsor. Farmland, p. v. in Randolph Co., Ind., on the Columbus, Cincinnati & IndianaiDOlis R. K. 714 mis W. Of "Windsor. Pop., 53-2. Farm Ridge, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,04'.>. Farm Ridge, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. S. S. W. of Ottawa. Farm's Village, p. o. in Hartford co., Conn. Farmville, p. v. in Pitt co., N. C. Fariuville, p. o. in Henderson co., Tenn. Farmville, tn. in Prince Edward co., "Va. Pop., 2,496. *Farmville, p. v. in the above tn. and the co., seat, on the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 68 mis. from Petersbuigh. It lies on the Appomattox R. and has several tobacco fac- tories. Pop., 1,.543. One newspaper. Farmwell, p. o. in Loudoun co., Va. Faruham, p. v. in Erie co., N. "V., on Lake Erie and the BulTalo & Erie R. R., 5 mis. S. W of Angola. Faruham, p. o. in Wood co., Ohio. Farnliani, tn. in Richmond co., Va. Pop., 1,354. Farnham, p. o. in the above tn. Farnliam Cross Roads, p. o. in the above tn Farnuinsviile, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Worcester and Providence R. R., 854 mis. S. E. of Worcester. Farragnt, p. v. in Fremont co., Iowa, on the Burlington & Missouri River R. R. Farrall, p. o. in Platte co., Nebr. Farrandsville, p. v. in Clinton co.. Pa., on the W. branch of the Susquehanna R. and the Philadelphia and Erie R. R., mis. N. W. of Lock Haven. Farribaville, p. o in Sevier co.. Ark. Farris, p. o. in "i'ork co., Nebr. Farwell, p. v. in Clare co., Mich., on Flint & Pere Marquette R. R., 55 nils, from E. Sagi- naw. Pop., 700. One newspaper. Far "West, p. o. in Morris co., Kans. Fassett, p. o. in Bradford CO., Pa. Fatama, p. o. in AVilcox co., Ala. Faulk, new co. in Dak., central part. It lies FAULKLAND. 318 FAYETTE. ou the Plateau du Coteau dii Missouri. Tlie western part is drained by small affluents of Missouri ; the eastern by those of the Dakota. Fuulkland, p. O. in New Castle CO., Del. Faulltner, p. o. in Franklin co., Iowa. Fauiisclale, p. o. in Marengo CO., Ala. Fiiuiiuier, co. in Va., N. E. part. Area, about S4U sq. mis. Pop., 19,690; in 18G0,. 21,70(5. The nine Ridge forms the western boundary, thf» Bull Run Mts. in part the eastern, and tho Rappahannock R. the south-western. Tlie su-face is uneven and hilly ; the soil is *ijro- ductive. Two branches of the Orange, AU^xandria & Manassas Junction R. R.intersect the CO. Warren ton is the co. seat . Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, Jby,9.'>'2 bush.; rye, 11001 bush.; Indian-corn, S-U,'m bush.; oats, 18it,591 bush.; Irish pot's, 37,010 bush.; sweet pot's, 637 bush.; butter, 194.986, lbs.; hay, 6,611 tons. Cash value of farms, .•!(9,.581,485. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,634,898. Value of manufactures, $3'20,842. Fawn Creek, p. o. in Montgomery CO., Kans. Fawn, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 681. Fawn Creek, tn. in Montgomery co., Kans. Vo\i., 505. Fawn, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 1,457. Fawn Grove, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. E. of Siirewsbury. Fawu River^ tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop , fiso. Fawn River, p. o. in the above tn. Faxon, tn. in Sibley Co., Minn. Pop., 587. Faxon, p. v. in the'above tn., on the Minneso- ta R., 5 mis. above Belle Plam. Fayette, co. in Ala., N. W. part. Area about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 7,136; in 1860, 12,8.50. The surface is broken, and has a general slope from N. to S. The soil is productive. Luxa- liatilla Cr. and Sipsey R., affluents of the Tombigbee R., drain the western part of the CO. The North R., a tributary of the Black Warrior, rises in and drains the eastern part. Fayette Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 14,266 bush.; rye, 302 bush.; Indian-corn, 201,228 bush.; oats, 13,- 283 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,9.57 bush.; sweet pot's, 27,702 bush.; cotton, 1,909 bales; butter, 97,3.50 lbs.; hay, 971 tons. Cash value of farms, $325,- 385. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., I!!49S,094. Value of manufactures, $16,316. Fayette, tn. in Calhoun co., Ark. Pop., 220. Fayette, co. in Ga., W. central part. Area, 235 sq. mis. Pop., 8,221 ; in 1860, 7,047. It lies between the Flint R. on the E. and its tribu- tary. Line Cr., and is traversed from N. to S. by White Water Cr. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. Fayetteville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 25,646 bush.; Indian-corn, 104,486 bush.; oats, 11,916 bash.; Irisli pot's, 98 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,448 bush.; cotton, 2,951 bales; butter, 2S,8'95 lbs. Cash value of farms, $8.58,221. Total, es- timated, vahie of all farm productions, in- cUuling additions to stock, etc., $515,414. Value of manufactures, $78,902. Fayette, co. in 111., S. central part. Area, 635 sq. nils. Pop., 19,638; in 1860, 11,189. Surface generally level ; the soil is very rich. The county is drained by the Kaskaskia R., which flows 8. W. At Vandalia, the co. seat, the Illi- nois Central and Terre Ilaute & St. Louis R. Rs. intersect. Agr. produclionsin 1870: Wheat, 351,310 bush.; rye, 25,328 bush.; Indian-corn. 962,- 525 bush.; oats, 497,395 bush.; Iiish pot's, 73,845 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,266 bush.; butter, 393,710 lbs.; hay, 20,844 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,8o8,725. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including auditions to stock, etc., $2,115,593. N'alue of manufactures, $726,650. Fayette, p. v. in Green co., 111., 3 mis. S. E. of Greonlickl. Fayette, tn. in Livingston co., 111. Pop., 257. Fayette, co. in Ind., E. part. Area, 200 sq. mis. Pop., 10,494; in 1860, 10,225. The surface is rolling in the S. E., and level in the N. W. The CO. is drained by the West Fork of the White Water R. The soil is very productive. Fine timber is abundant. Tiie co. is inter- sected by three lines of railroads. Connei-s- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 271,150 bush.; rye, 2,027 bush.; Indian- corn, 63.5,4.54 bush.; oats, 56,348 bush.; Irish pot's, 2<5,118 bush.: sv.-eet pot's, S85 bush.; bet- ter, 93,874 lbs.; hay, 5,524 tons. Cash value of farms, $6.70.5,061. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,305,672. Value of manufactures, $.572,231. Fayette, tn. in Vigo co., Ind. Pop., 1,912. Fayette, co. in Iowa, N. E. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. Pop., 16,973; in 1800, 12,073. The surf:ice is rolling ; the soil is fertile. Turkey R. is foi'med in the N. part by the union of two small creeks. West Union is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 478,538 bush.; rye, 444 bush.; Indian-corn, 44^^.028 busli.; oats. 395,075 bush.; Irish pot's, .58,652 bush.; sweet pot's, 7 bush.; wool, 38,290 lbs.; butter, 454,868 lbs.; hay, 27,327 tons. Cash value of farms, i|4,,599,802. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, inchiding additions to stock, etc., $1,363,841. Value of manufactures, $796,209. *Fayette, p. v. in Fayette co., Iowa., on the Volga R., 814 uils. S. of West Union ; is a flourishing place. Fayette, tn. in Decatur co., Iowa. Pop., 318. Fayette, tn. in Linn co., Iowa. Pop., 914. Fayette, co. in Ky., central part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 26,6.56; in I860, 22,509. The sur- face is undulating ; the soil is magnificent and under good cultivation. Large quanti- ties of grain are produced. The Kentucky R. bounds the S. E. border. The Elkhorn R. bounds it on the W. The Louisville & Lex- ington R. R. passes through it from N. W. to S. E., and the Lexington & Covington R. R., from N. to S. Lexington is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 76,362 bush.; rye, 42,628 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,117,190 bush.; oats, 176,276 bush.; Irish pot's, 49.432 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,474 bush.; butter, 157,742 lbs.; hav, 4,399 tons. Cash value of farms, $15,234,119. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $2,347,247. Value of manufactures, $2,871,288. Fayette, tn. in Kennebec co.. Me. Pop., 900. Fayette, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. W. of Readtield Depot. Fayette, p v. in Delta CO., Mich., on the coast of Big B. de Noquet. Fayette, tn. in Hillsdale CO., Mich, Pop., 2,172. *Fayette, p. v. and the co. seat of Jeffersoa CO., Miss., 23 mis. from Natchez. Pop., 120. One newspaper. *Fayette, p. v. and the co. seat of Howard co., Mo., 60 mis. N. W. of Jefferson City and 25 mis. from Columbia. Coal is mined in the vicinity. Pop., 815. Two newspapers. Fayette, tn. in Seneca co., N. Y. Pop., 3.364. Fayette, p. v. in the above tn., W. of Cayuga Lake and 10 mis. S. of Seneca Falls. Fayette, co. in Ohio, S. central part. Area, 4.50 sq. mis. Pop, 17,170; in 1860, 15,935. The sur- face is undulating ; the soil is generally good and well atone, tn. in Goodhue CO., Minn. Pfi))., S50. Febing, p. o. m Nemaha co., Nebr. Federal Hill, p. o. in Harford co., Md. Fe. o. in Clay eo., Ala. Flat Rock, p. o. in Crawford CO., 111. Flat Rock, tn. in Bartholomew co., Ind. Pop., 1,.")43. Flat Rock, p. v. in Shelby co., Ind., H mis. S. of Shelby ville by R. R. Flat Rook, p. o. "iu Neosho eo., Kans. Flat Rook, p. o. in Bourbon co., Ky. Flat Rock, )). o. in Wayne eo., Mich. Flat Rock, p. V. in flendersou CO., N. C, 32 nils, from Greenville. Flat Rook, tn. in Henry CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,184. Flat Rook, p. V. in Seneca eo., Ohio, 3\4 mlS- S. of Uellevue. Flat Hock, p. o. iu Kershaw district, S. C. Flat Rock, p. o. in Powhatan Co., Va. Flat Rock, p. o. in Mason co., W. Va. Flat Shoal, p. o. in Surry co., N. C. Flat SItoals, p. o. in Meriwether co., Ga. Flat Top, \i. o. in Mercer co., W. Va. Flat Wood, p. o. in Phelps CO., Mo. Flat Woods, p. v. in Faj-ette co., Pa., 4^^ mis. W. of East Liberty. Flat Woods, p. o. in AVayuoipo., Tenn. Flat Woods, p. o. in Braxton co., W. Va. Fleetville, p. v. iu Luzerne co., Pa., 5 mis. N. of ^Vaverly. FLEETWOOD. 323 FLORENCE. Flcetwoocl, p. V. in Berks co., Pa., on the E. Pennsylvania Branch of tlie Pliilailelphia & Reading II. K., U\4 mis. X. E. of Reading. Fleming', p. v. in Libertv co., (hi., on the At- lantic & Gulf R. R., 24 mis. S. W. of Savannah. Fleming', co. in Ky., N. E. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 13,398; in ISW, 1'2.4S9. It is bounded on the S. W. by the Licking R., Tlie surface is rolling and tiiesoil productive. Flemingsburgh is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 53,011 bush.; rye, W,WC, bush.; Indian-corn, fi86,538 bush.; oats, 78,-242 bush.; Irish pot's, 2fi, 483 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,399 bush.; tobacco, .305,9.J4 lbs.; butter, 219.970 lbs.;- hay, 4,224 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,at2 873. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,05'2,- 149. Value of manufactures, $131,132. Fleming, p. o. in Livingston co., Mich. Fleming, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,207. Fleming, p. v. in the above tn., near Owasco Lake. 5 mis. S. of Aubxirn. Fleming, p. v. in Washington co., Ohio, on the Marietta* Cincinnati K. R., 8 mis. W. of Ma- rietta. Fleming, p. v. in Centre co., Pa., on the Bald Eaale R. R.. .5 mis. S. W. of iMilesburg. ^Flemingsbargb, p. v. .and the co. seat of Fleming co., Ky., ltJV< mis. S. of Maysville. Pop., 4-2.5. One neivspapcr. Flemingsville, p. v. in Tioga co., N. Y., on the Southern Central R. R., 5 mis. JST. of Owe- go. Pop., 91. Flemington, p. o. in Marion co., Fla. *Flemington, p. v. and the co. seat of Hun- terdon CO., N. .J., 15V^mls. S. W. of Somerville by tlie South Branch of t)ie Kew Jersey Cen- tral R. R. and 1.31^ mis. N. E. of Lambei'tville by a branch railroad. Pop., 1,412. Four news- papers. Flemington, p. v. in Columbus co., N. C, on the W^iluiington & Weldon R. R., 35 mis. from AVilmington. Pop., 75. Flemington, p. v. in Clinton co.. Pa., on the Bald Eagle Canal, 1 mle. from Lockhaven. Flemington, tn. in Taylor co., W. Va. Pop., Flemington, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ballinioro & Ohio R. R., 10 mis. W. of Grafton. Flomingville, p. o. in Linn co., Iowa. Flcmniing's Raneh, p. o. in Weld co., Colo. Flctchall, tn. in Worth co., 3Io. Pop., 58'2. Fletcher, p. v. in Miami co., Ohio, near the Pittsburgh, Chicinnati & St. Louis R. R., 7 mis. E. ot Piqua. Pop., 306. Fletcher, tn. in Franklin co., Vt. Pop., 8G.5. Fletcher, p. v. in the above in., 93.^ nils. E. of East Georgia. Flinn, tn. 111 Lawrence CO., Ind. Pop.. 9.')7. Flint, tn. in Benton co.. Ark. Pop., 1,701. Flint, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop., 1,120. Flint, p. o. in the above tn. and in the v. of Pliillip's Ferry, on the Hannibal and Naples Brancli of Toledo. Wabash & Western R. R., 5 mis. E. of Griggsville. Flint, p. V. in Steuben co., Ind., on Pigeon Run, 8 mis. W. of Angola. Flint, p. o. in Mahaska co.. Iowa. Flint, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 2,142. *Flint, city in above tn. and the co. seat, on Flint R. and near the junction of the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. with the Port Huron & Lake Michigan R. R., 64 mis. N. W. of Detroit ; is the seat of the Michigan asylum for the deaf and dumb and blind. Itlies in a rich agricultural district, and has m'anufactories, the river atfording water-power. Pop., 5,386; in 181)0, 2,950. Three nev.'spapers. Flint, p. o. in Franklin co. . Ohio. Flint Creek, p. o. in Harrison co.. Miss. Flint Creek, p. v. in Ontario co., N.Y., 6 mis. W. of Geneva. Flint Factory, p. o. in Madison co., Ala. Flint Hill, p. o. in St. Charles co., Mo. Flint Hill, p. o. in Rappahannock co., Va. Flint Island, p. v. in Meade co., Ky., on the Ohio K., 18 mis. from Brandenburgh. Flint Ridge, p. o. in Lancaster district, S. C. Flint River, in Ga.; rises in Clayton co., has a southerly course of 300 mis., and joins the Chattahoochee R. at the S. W. corner of the state to form the Apalachieola. Flint River, a branch of the Saginaw R. of Mich.; rises in Lapeer co., and joins the Shia- wasse R. in Saginaw co. It Is over 100 mis. long and navigable for about 20 mis. for small boats. Flint River, tn. in Des Moines co., Iowa. Pop., 1,'278. Flint 91111s, p. o. in Washington CO., Ohio. Flint Stone, p. v. in Alleghany co., 3Id., I214 nils. E. N. E. of Cumberland. Flintville, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Tenn. Flintville, p. o. in Brown co., Wis. Flinty Branch, p. o. in Yancy co., N. C. Flippon Barren, tn. in Marion co.. Ark. Pop., 3.J0. Flippin, p. o. in ^Monroe Co., Ky. Flippo's, ]). o. in Caroline co., 'Va. Floodwood, p. o. in Athens co., Ohio. Flora, tn. in Boone co., 111. Pop., 1,273. Flora, tn. in Renville co., Minn. Pop., 269. *Flora, p. v. in Clay co.. 111., at the intersec- tion of the Ohio & Blississippi R. R. with the Illinois & Southeast R. R., J>5 mis. E. of St. Louis and 53 mis. W. of Vincennes, Ind. Pop., ],.5.39. One newspaper. Flora Stale, p. o. in Adams co.. Pa. Floral, p. o. in Cowley co., Kans. Floraville, p. o. in St. Clair co.. 111. *Florencc, p. v. and the co. seat of Lauderdale CO.. Ala., at the lower end of the Muscle Shoals in the Tennessee R.. which is navigable to this place, and 4 nils. N. of Tuscnmbia. It coa- tains 2 female seminaries and is an impoi-t- ant shipping port for cotton and other pro- ductions of this region. A branch R. R. connects it with Tuscumbia. Two newspaper. Florence, p. v. in Pima co., Ariz., on the Gila R., .58 nils. N. of Tucson. Pop., 218. Florence, p. o. in Drew co.. Ark. Florence, p. o. in Fremont co., Colo. Florence, p. o. in Stewart Co., Ga. Florence, p. o. in Idaho co., Id.aho. Florence, p. v. in Pike co.. 111., on the Illinois R., 5 mis. W. of Winchester. Florence, tn. in Stephenson co.. 111. Pop., 1,18,5. Florence, tr. in Will co., 111. Pop., 875. Florence, p. v. in Switzerland co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 7 mis. E. of Vevay. Florence, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,290. ■^Florence, ]i. v. in the above tn., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 15 mis W. S. AV. of Ci'dar Rapids. Pop., 313. Florence, p. v. in Marion co., Kans., on Cotton- woo. Florence, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 760. Florence, v. in the above tn., on Lake Pepin, 12 mis. E. of Red Wing. Florence, p. v. in Morgan co., Mo., 9 mis. from Syracuse. Pop. ,,53. Florence, p. v. in Douglas co., Nebr., on the Missouri R., 15 mis. above Omaha, and on th.o Omaha & Northwestern R. B., 6 mis. from Oni'iha. Florence, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J., on the Delaware R., 3 mis. N. E. of Burlington and 1'.^ mle. from the Camden & Amboy R. R. FLOEENCE. 324 FLORIDA. Florence, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 2.290. Florence, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. of Camden. Florence, tn. in Erie co., Ohio. Pop., 1,341. Florence, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. of Wakeinan on the Lake Shore R. 11. Florence, tn. in Williams co., Ohio. Pop., l,o7S. Florence, p. v. in Washington co.. Pa., .5 mis. N. W. of CavdviUe. Florence, p. v. in Darlington district, S. C, at the junction of the Wilmington, Columbia & Augusta R. R. with the Cheraw & Darling- ton R. R.. and with the Northeastern R. R., lOS mis. W. of Wilmington, N. C, and 102 mis. N. of Charleston. Florence, p. v. in Williamson co., Tex., 20 mis. from Georgetown. Florence, p. o. in Randolph co., W. Va. Florence Station, p. v. in Stephenson co., 111., on the Western Union R. R., 8 mis. S. 8. W. of Freeport by R. R. Pop., 10. Florence Station, p. o. in McCracken co., Ky., on the Paducah & Memphis R. R., 9 mis. from Paducah. Florence Station, p. o. in Rutherford co., Tenn. Florenceville, p. o. in Howard co., Iowa. Floresville, p. o. and the co. seat of Wilson CO.. Tex. Florey ville; p. o. in Bolivar co.. Miss. Florid, p. V. in Putnam co.. 111., 3 mis., S. S. E. of Hennepin. FliORIDA includes the peninsula of Florida, wliicli extends from the northern boundary of tlio state, in a direction S. S. E. for 350 mis., be- tween the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mex- ico ; and West Florida, a narrow region extend- ing along the Gulf of Mexico to the River Per- dido, 350 mis. west of the Atlantic coast-line. On the north the state boundary separates it from Georgia and Alabama, while on all other sides it is surrounded by water. The area of the state is 59,268 sq. inls., or 37,931,520 acres, of which 46,000 sq. mis. are embraced in the penin- sula. The latter has a nearly uniform width of a little Tnore than a hundred mis., and extends from 25° to 30° N. lat. (SfMr/ace.— No part of the state rises to an ele- vation of more than 250 feet above tlie sea level. Tile greater part of the peninsula is but a few feet above high tide. The land which forms it slopes eastward and westward from a central elevation about 175 feet high, composed of a porous limestone somewhat older than the miocene group, and of a friable sand-rock. This " Back Bone Ridge," as it has been called. Is about fifty mis. wide, and extends as far south as Charlotte Harbor. Low, swampy tracts ex- tend E. and S. of it, with a muddy or sandy sur- face soil. Part of this is a vast "field of coarse saw grass, and aquatic plants known as the Everglades ; tlicy cover an area of about 4.000 sq. m.ls. Between them and the Gulf of Mexico ex- tends a vast forest of cypress about one-half the size of tlie Everglades, and known as the Big Cypress. Most of this region is wholly un- inliab'ited and almost unexplored. The Atlantic and the Gulf coast are covered by forests of cypress, live-oak and cedar on the low lands, and of pine on the sand ridges. The whole of the southern portion of the ])eninsula lies on a modern coral formation, and has been formed by the addition of successive crescent-shaped reefs around the extremity of the " Back IJone Ridgi!." About seven of these reefs have been notcil S. of Lake Okec Chobee, and the process is still going on. The so-called "Keys" (troman Indian word signifying an island) are the sum- mits of a reef which is constructing under simi- lar laws. West Florida is low and swamj)y within ten or twenty mis. of the coast-line, when it rises into a tertiary plateau limestone, the com- mencument of the slope, which, slowly ascend- ing, reaches the foot of the Appalachians iu Ga. Rivers and Lakes. — The peninsula of Florida presents some singiilar contrasts in the arrange- ment of its inland waters. The principal river is the St. Johns. This is a sluggish, tortuous stream about 250 miles in length, and from two to three miles in width as far up as Lake George. Its current is about one mlc. an hour and the slope of its bed so little Ihat at Lake Monroe, aljout 140 mis. above its mouth, it is but tliree feet six inches above the sea-level. Its course until within 15 mis. of its mouth is nearly due north, contrasting in this respect with the other large streams of our country. Its only important tributary is the Oklawaha. They both rise in a chain of poiids, lakes,and swamps "on tho northern limit of tho Everglades. On the Gulf coast the Hillsborough R. falls into Tampa B.; N. of it is the Withlacooche ; and the Suwannee, with its two main branches, drains the N. por- tion of the peninsula. West Florida is traversed by the Apalachicola, a handsome stream, navi- gable for steamboats throughout its whole course in this stale. Tlie slight elevation of the peninsula has led to the formation of numerous lakes and ponds. The largest is Lake Okee Chobee, 1,200 sq. mis. in area, but with an aver- age depth of but 12 feet. Lake Kissimmee, on the river of that name, and Lake George, on the St. John, are next in size. Lake Orange is noted for the extensive and beautiful wild orange groves that ornament its shores. Alligator lake in the nortli is remarkable for its varjin^ size, almost disappearing in the dry season, and becoming several mis. in diameter after the summer rains. Florida is famous for the num- ber, size, and variety of its spi-ings. The largest are the Silver Spring, in Marion co., and the Wakulla Spring, in Wakulla co. Each of these throws out sufficient water to form a small river. There are also many mineral and thermal springs, among which, the White Spring. Ham- ilton CO.; Orange Spring, Marion co., and Greene Cove Spring and the Warm Sulphur Sin-ing, l>ake Monroe, with many others on the St. Johns, are best known. Climate and Vegetation. — The climate of Fla., especially of the peninsula, partakes more of the tropi"cal character than that of any other state. The average summer temperature is S0° Fah.; the winter 05°, vising at Key West to 70°. In the interior the summer heats are debilitat- ing, but on tlie coast they are tempered by the sea breeze. Frosts occur in all parts, but very rarely ; on the south-eastern coast, wheie the cilmate is most equable, once in two or three years. In summer the prevailing winds are from the E. and S.; in winter, from the N , N. E. and N. W. Tho annual rain-fall averages 55 inches. Three-fourths of this falls between April and October, which is the rainy season. The winter is comparatively dry, and is equable and brac- ing. Indeed, the winter months in Fla. oft'er generally such delightful and healthful weather that the state is visited annually by many tliousands of northern visitors in search of pleasure and health. The vegetation of the peninsula is varied. The low saw palmetto and tall and graceful cabbage palm (both species of chanioerops); tho Spanish moss,trailing from tho mighty limbs of live oak and cypress ; the mangrove, clothing and concealing with its ilense growth the shore islands, and t\w. groves of wild orange trees, strongly arrest the attention of the visitor from the north. The dry sandy tracts arc occupied by forests of red pine, while the interior lime- stone ridge produces hickory, white oak, gum and other hard woods. The animal life is abundant. The manatee or sea cow was formerly frequent, but is now almost extinct. Alligators are numerous. Deer, bear, panthers and wild turkeys abound. Par- roquets, curlews, and other birds of brilliant plumage enrich the woods and waters. The mullet, I'iver trout, x>oinpano and other excel- FLOEIDA. 325 FLORIDA. le.it fish swarm in the rivers and lagoons. The green turtle is caught on the sea-shores, and the gopher in the interior. Scorpions, centi- pedes, stinging insects, and venomous snakes are also not rare, but serious accidents from them are infrequent. Popnlation.~T\\e population of the state was, in 1830, 34,730 ; in 1840, 54,477 ; in 1830, 87,455 ; in 18(50, 140,424, and in 1870, 187,748, including 98,057 whites, 91,689 colored persons and 27 Indians. The natives of the United States consisted of 91,395 whites and 91,384 colored persons. The native population of the state numbered 182,- 781, the foreign born population 4,9G7, inclusive of 1 J55 Cubans, 597 Germans, 399 Englishmen and 737 Lrisiimen. Of the population 10 years old and over, which numbered 131,119, there "were engaged in the useful occupations, 60,703 ; and of these were engaged in agriculture, 42,- 492 ; in professional and personal services, 10,- 897 ; in trade and transportation, 3,023, and in manufactures and mechanical industi-ies, 4,291. Agriculture. — Much of the soil of Fla. is not Xironiising in appearance. The Everglades and Cypress swamps are worthless to the farmer, unless they are drained. The ridge of sand and decomposod limestone along the southern coast from Cape Sable to Indian R. is capable of cultivation and offers a good field for the intro- duction of tropical plants, especially coffee. Its area is estimated at 7,000,000 acres. The northern portion of the peninsula con- sists of " scrubs " (dry, sterile tracts covered with thickets of black-jack, oak and spruce), pitie lands and hammocks. The latter are rich river bottoms, densely timbered, and often yield from 70 to 80 bushels of corn to the acre Avith imperfect tillage. The pine lands are of deep white sand and are but moderately pro- ductive, unless they are thoi-oughly manured. The eastern part of Fla. has on the whole less fertile lands than the western and middle. The chief staples of the state are Indian-corn and cotton. Of the former 2,225,056 bush, were produced in 1870 ; of the latter, 39,789 bales. The other farming productions were : 114,204 bush, oats; 10,218 bush. Irish pot's.; 789,456 bush, sweet pot's.; 401,687 lbs. rice ; 157,405 lbs. tobacco ; 37,562 lbs. wool ; 952 hhds. sugar, and 344,339 galls, of cane molasses. The live stock had a value of $5,212,157, and comprised 11,902 horses, 8,835 mules and asses, 61,922 milch cows ; 322,701 other cat- tle ; 26,509 sheep, and 158,908 swine. The farms had 730,172 acres of improved land, 1,425,786 acres of woodland, and 211,583 of unim- proved land. Their cash value was $9,947,920, and the value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $8,909,746. The orchard products had a value of $53,639, and the slaugh- tered animals of $.520,966. Manu/aclures. — The value of the products of manufactures according to the last census was $4,685,403; of materials consumed therein, $2,- 330,873 ; of capital invested, $1,679,930. The amount of wages paid was $989,930, and the number of hands employed, in the 659 manufac- tories, 2,749. The principal productions were flour and meal ($308,388), and sawed lumber ($2,23,5,780). Commerce and Baih-oads.—The commerce of Fla. is limited to the importation of commodi- ties required for home consumption, and the exportation of its products, mostly lumber, cot- ton, sugar, etc. The direct foreign commerce is unimportant. The state has seven ports of entry, viz.: Fernandina, St. Johns, St. Augustine, Key West, St. Marks, Apalachicola and Pen.sacola. Their registered, enrolled and licensed vessels numbered 244, with 15,780 tons of burden. The foreign imports had a value of $267,271, and the domestic exports of $1,662,276. In 1862 Fla. had 402 rals. of railroads, and in 1872, 466 mis The principal lines are the Jack- sonville, Pensacola & Blobile R. R., connecting La Ice City with Chattahoochee,and with branch- es to Montieello & St. • Marks, 176 mis. long, and the Florida R. R., from Fernandina to Cedar Kevs, 152 mis. Alucation. — In 1870 Fla. had a total of 377 schools ; 220 of which were public and had 265 teachers and 10,132 pupils. The 10 classical, pro- fessional and technical schools or academies had 32 teachers and ,580 pupils. The 23 newspapers published in the state in 1870 had a circulation of 10,545. Wealth, Taxation and Debt.—TVie last census reports the estimated value of real and per- sonal property as high as $44,163,6.55, but the as- sessed value is $32.480,043 ; of which real estate embraced $20,197,601, and personal property $12,- 283,152. The state taxes in 1870 amounted to $248,768 ; the county taxes to, $168,389, and the town and city taxes to $79,009. The state debt in that year was $3,474,535 ; the county debts, $443,041, and the town and city- debts, .$454,100. The state debt has since then greatly increased, and was estimated in 1S72 at $5,307,805, or over $28 per head of the population. Government. — The new state constitution was adopted in February, 1868. It provides that slavery shall not exist in the state ; that there shall be no civil or political distinction on ac- count of color, and that the state shall ever re- main a member of the American Union. The Governor and Lieutenant-Governor are chosen by the qualified electors and hold their olflces for four years. The Secretary of State, Trea- surer, Comptroller, Attorney-General, Superin- tendent of Public Instructioii, Commissioner of Immigration and Adjutant-General are ap- pointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate. The members of the Assembly, 53 in number, are chosen biennially, and the 24 Senators for a terra of four years. The sessions of the Legis- lature are annually held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in January and may ex- tend to 60 days. Special sessions convened by the Governor cannot sit over 20 days. Every male of 21 years of age and over, who is a citi- zen of the United States, or who shall liave de- clared his intention of becoming such, and who shall have resided in Fla. for one year and in the county for six months, next preceding the election at which he shall otfer to vote, shall be deemed a qualified elector. The judicial power of the state is vested in a Supreme Court, Circuit Courts, County Courts aud justices of the peace. The Supreme Court consists of a Chief Justice and two Associate Justices, who hold their oflices for life or during good behavior. They are appointed by the Governor and confirmed bj' the Senate. The Supreme Court holds three sessions annually at the state capitol. It has appellate jurisdic- tion. There are 7 Circuit Judges, appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate, who hold their offices for 8 j-ears, and the state is divided into 7 judicial districts. The judge must reside in the district to which he is as- signed. The Circuit Courts have original juris- diction in all cases in which the Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction, and they have final jurisdiction in all civil cases arising in the county courts, in which the amount of con- troversy is $100 and more, and in all cases of misdemeanor. The county judges are also ap- pointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate, and each judge holds his oflice for four years. The state capital is Tallahassee. Florida is divided into the following 39 coun- ties : Alachua, Baker, Bradford, Brevard, Cal- houn, Clay, Columbia, Dade, Duval, Escaml)ia, Franklin, "Gadsden, Hamilton, Hernando, Hills- borough, Holmes, Jackson, Jelferson, La Fay- ette, Leon, Levy, Lilierty, Madison, Manatee, Marion, Monroe^ iS'as.sau, Orange, Polk,Putnam, Santa Rosa, St. John's, Sumter, Suwance, Taj-- lor, Volusia, Wakulla, Walton and Washington. FLORIDA. 326 FLUVANNA. The last census report ennumerates the follow- in" incorporated cities : Jacksonville, Pen- sacola, Tallahassee and St. Augustine. Florida, p. v. in Madison co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 4^ nils. S. N. AV. of Anderson. Pop. about 100. Florida, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., l,:ii-'. Florida, p. v. in the above tn., on the Troy & Greentield R. R., 5 nils. E. of N. Adams. It lies near the W. end of the Hoosac Tunnel. Florida, p. v. in Monroe co.. Mo., 11 mis. from Monroe. Pop., 1'20. Florida, tn. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Pop., 3,0U2. Florida, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y., on the Erie U. R., ij mis. S. of Goshen. Pop., 4.i9. Florida, p. v. in Henry co., Ohio, on the Mau- mce K., 2'^4 mis. S. of Okolona. Florida Keys, a chain of coral islands and reefs, extending in a S. ^Y. direction from the Key Biscayne B. for "230 mis. They are low and flat, but possess a fertile soil. The largest among them are Elliott's Key, Cayo Largo, Plantation Key, Matacumba Key, Long Key, Estella Key, Big Pine Key, Hueso Key and Key West. Florin, p. o. in Sacramento co., Cal. Floris, p. V. in Davis Co., Iowa, on the Chica- go, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., Southwest Branch, 23 mis. W. S. W. of Fairfield. Florisant, p. v. in St. Louis co., Mo., 3 mis. frfim Bridgeton. Florissant, p. o. In Park co., Colo. Flourtown, p. o. in Montgomery co., Pa. Flower Creelt, p. o. in Pendleton co., Ky. Flower Creek, p. o. in Oceana co., Mich. Flower Dale, p. o. in Barbour co., Ala. Flowerdale, p. o. in Richardson co., Nehr. Flowerlield, tn.in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., i,.5;j8. Flowerfield, p. v. in the above tn., near a branch of the Michigan Southern R. R., 8 mis. N. of Three Rivers. Pop., 210. Flower's Place, p. o. in Smith co.. Miss. Flowery Branch, p. o. in Hall co., Ga. Flowerville, p. o. in White co., Ind. Floyd, CO. in Ga., N. W. part. Area, 510 sq. mis. Pop., 17,230; in 1860, 15,195. It borders in the W. on Ala., and is traversed from E. to W. b.y the Etowah R., which receives the Ous- tanaula R. from the N. The surface is rolling and hilly ; the soil ot the valleys very pro- ductive. Rome is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : AVheat, 9(J,I64 bush ; rye, 130 bush.; Indian-corn, 245,091 bush.; oats, 43,229 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,503 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,249 bush.; cotton, 3.182 bales ; butter, 120,314 lbs.; hay, 515 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,331,144. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $975,- 438. Value of manufactures, $1,050,020. Floyd, tn. in Warren co.. 111. Pop., 1,140. Floyd, CO. in Ind., S. part. Area, 148 sq. mis. Pop., 23,109 ; in 1860, 20,183. A range ot hills trends through tlie co. from N. to S., terminat- ing on the bank of the Ohio R., which forms the S. E. boundary. The Louisville, New Al- bany & Chicago R. R. inter.sects the co. New Albanv is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 47,472 bush.; rye, 988 bush.; Indi- an-corn, 124,807 bush.; oats, 66,110 bush.; Irish pot's, 71,634 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,407 bush.; butter, 93,243 lbs.; hay. 4, .569 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,697,946. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc, $478,138. Value of manufactures, $4,038,313. Floyd, tn. in Putnam CO., Ind. Pop., 1,269. Floyd, CO. in Iowa, N. part. Area, 5.55 sq. mis. Pop., 10,768 ; in 1860, 3,744. Red Cedar R. and Shell Rock R. dram the co. The surface is generally level and the soil fertile. Charles City is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 565,990 bush.; rye, 491 bush.; Indian- corn, 310,119 bush.; oats, 293,591 bush.; Irish pot's, 42,606 bush.; wool, 24,933 lbs.: butter, 251,718 lbs.; h.ay, 18,517 tons. Cash value of farmg, $3,807,935. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,609,631. Value of manufac- tures, $283,668. Floyd, tn. in Floyd co., Iowa. Pop., 1,328. Floyd, p. V. in tfie above tn., on the Illinois Central R. R., 6 mis. N. N. W. of Charles City. Floyd, CO. in Ky., E. part. Area, 740 sq. mis. Pop., 7,877; in 1860,6,388. The surface is un- even; pasture land predominates. Stone coal is found abundantly. On the S. border are spurs from the Cumberland Mts. The W. Fork ot the Big Sandy intersects the co. from N. to S. E. Prestonsburgh is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 8,621 bush.; rye, 1,162 bush.; Indian-corn, 338,009 bush.; oats, 26,325 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,795 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,007 bush.; butter, 57,168 lbs.; hay, 442 tons. Cash value of farms, $712,547. Total, cstimaterl, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $330,044. Value of manu- factures, $2,504. Floyd, p. o. in Carroll parisli. La. Floyd, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 1,209. Floyd, p. V. in the above tu., 2^ mis. W. of Stittville. Pop., 95. Floyd, CO. in Va., S. W. part. Pop., 9,824; in 1860, 8,236. It extends along the western de- clivity of the Blue Ridge and inchides tlie head waters of Little R., a tributary of New R. The surface is uneven and greatly diver- sified by hills. Much of the land atfords ex- cellent "facilities for grazing and stock rais- ing. Floyd Court Hou.se is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 29,410 bush.; rye, 41,515 bush.; Indian-corn, 112.789 bush.; oats, 93,692 busli.; Irish pot's, 16,033 bush.; sweet pot's. 136 bush.; tobacco, 157,467 lbs.; butter, 119,180 lbs.; hav, 3.646 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,000,650. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $.582,824. Value of manufactures, $151 228. Floyd, tn. in Scott Co., Va. Pop., 1,171. Floyd Court Monse, p. v. and the co. seat ot Floyd CO., Va., 15 mis. from Christiansburglt and 180 mis. W. S. W. of Richmond. Pop., 321. Floyd's Creek, p. o. in Adair co.. Mo. Floyds Forks, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ky, Floyd's Knobs, p. o. in Floyd co., Ind. Floydsburs", v. in Oldham CO., Ky., 35 mis. VV. N. W. of Frankfort. Flukes, V. in Botetourt co., Va., on the Vir- ginia & Tennessee R. R., IS mls.W. of Liberty. Flusliing, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,919. Flushing:, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. W. of Flint. Pop., 687. Flushing^, tn. in Queens co., N. Y'. Pop., ]4.6,>0. ♦Flushing, p. v. in the above tn., on the Flushing & North Side R. R., 10 mis. E. of New York ; has large nurseries and is the seat of several educational establishments. Pop., 6,322. Three newspapers. Steamboats ply regularly between New York and Flush- ing. Flushing, tn. in Belmont co., Ohio. Poi)., 1,484. Flushing, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. S. W. of Cadiz. Flushing-, v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Nesha- miny Cr., 20 mis. N. E. of Philadelphia. Flnvanna, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., at the S. E. extremity of Chautauqua Lake, 4^^ n-ils N. W. of Jamestown. Fluvanna, co., in Va., E. central part. Area about 175 sq. mis. Pop., 9,875 ; in 1860, 10,353. It is bounded on the S. by the James R. and drained by Ravanna R. and numerous othei small tributaries of the James. The surface Is uneven and broken. The soil of the river ELY CREEK. 327 FOREST. valleys is excellent; of tho uplands barren. Palmyra is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 77,486 hush.; rye, 2(55 hush.; In- dian-corn, 1-26,148 hush.; oats, 67,247 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,142 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,905 bush.; tobacco, 894,023 lbs.; butter, 61,.8971bs.; ha v, 454 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,306,,339. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $416,242. Value of manufactures, $276,503. Fly Creeli, p. v. in Otsego CO., K. Y., 3 mis. W. N. W. of Cooperstown. Fly Moiiiitalii, p. v. in Ulster co., X. Y., on tlie Delaware & Hudson Canal, i]4 mis. S. W". of Roudout. Flynn, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 131. riyiiii's I.ilck, p. o. in Jackson co., Tenn. Fly Summit, p. o. in "Washington co., N. Y. Foselsville, p. v. in Lehigh co., Pa., 3 mis. N. W. of Trexlertown on the Catasauqua & -Fotrelsville K. R. Folker, tn. iu Clark co.. Mo. Pop., 824. Folkville, p. o. in Morgan co., Ala. *Folsoin City, p. v. in Sacramento co., Cal., on the Sacramento Valley R. R., 23 mls.f roni Sacra- mento and 25 mis. from Shingle Springs. One newspaper. Folsomdalc, p. v. in Wyoming co., N. Y., 6'.^ mis. S. S. E. of Alden on the i3uffalo Branch of the Erie R. R. Folsoinville, p. o. in Warrick co., Ind. *Foncla, p. V. and the co. seat of Montgomery CO., N. Y., on Mohawk R., the Erie Canal and the Central R. R., iS}^ mis. W. of Albany and 511^^ mis. E. of Utica." Pop., 1,092. One news- paper. It is the terminus of the Fonda, Johnstown & Gloversville R. R. Foiicldn liac, tn. in Tazewell co.. 111. Pop., 889. Fond ^ mis. W. of Upper Sandusky. Pop. about 3.50. Forest, co. in Pa., N. N. W. part. Area about 380 sq. nils. Pop., 4,010 ; in 1860, 898. Clarion R. and Tionesta Cr. are the principal streams. The surface is rolling and in some parts hilly. Extensive forests cover a large portion of the area. Lumbering is the most important oc- cupation of the inhabitants. Tionesta is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,542 bush.; rye, 5,802 bush.; oats, 38,- 465 bush.; Indian-corn, 17,3.58 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,260 bush.; butter, 72,948 lbs.; hay, 2,665 tons. Cash value of farms, $619,398. Total, estimated, value of ail farm productions, in- FOREST. 328 FORKS STATION. eluding additions to stock, etc., $202,985. Value of manufactures, $393,191. Forest, p. o. in Clearfield cc, Pa. Forest, tn. in Bedford co., Va. Pop., 2,809. Forest, tn. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis. Pop., 1,417. Forest, tn. in Richland CO., Wis. Pop., 926. Forest, p. v. in the above tn., 18^ mis. from llichland Centre. Forest, tn. in Vernon co.. Wis. Pop., 662. Forestburgb, tn. in Sullivan co., N. T. Pop., 915. Forestburgh, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. of Monticello. Forest City, p. v. in St. Francis co.. Ark., on th'j Memphis & Little Rock R. R., 45 mis. from Memphis, Tenn., and 90 mis. from Little Rock ; is a flourishing agricultural place, and has 800 inhabitants. Forest City, p. v. in Sierra co., Cal., 7 mis. S. E. of Downieville. Pop., 152. Forest City, p. v. in Mason co.. 111., on the Peoria, Pekm & Jacksonville R. R., 27 mis. S. S. W. of Peoria. Pop., 160. Forest City, tn. in Howard CO., Iowa. Pop., 832. Forest City, p. v. and the co. seat of Winne- bago CO., Iowa, on Linn Cr., 21 mis. N. W. of Mason City. Pop., 155. One newspaper. Forest City, p. o. in Muskegon co., Mich. ForestCity, tn. in Meeker co., Minn. Pop., 401. *Forest City, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. E. of Litchfield. Pop., 1«1. *Forest City, p. v. in Holt CO., Mo., on the Kansas City, St. .Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., near the Missouri R. and ^8\4 mis. from St. Joseph. Forest City, p. o. in Missoula co., Mont. Forest City, p. v. in Sarpy co., Kebr., 16 mis. W. of Larimer Mills. Forest City, v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., on Cayuga Lake and 4 nils. N. of Ithaca. ForestCity, p. o. in Utah co., Utah. Forest I>ale, p. o. in La^vxence co., Ohio. Forest I>ale, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt., 3 mis. K. E. of Brandon. Forest Depot, p. o. in Bedford co., Va., on the Virginia & Tennessee R. R. Forester, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 670. Forest Green, p. o. in Chariton co.. Mo. Forest Grove, p. v. in Gloucester co., N. J., •Zl^ rals. from North Vineland. *Forest Grove, p. v. in Washington co., Oreg., 24 nils. W. of Portland. *Forest Hill, p. v. in Placer co., Cal., 10 mis. S. E. of Colfax. Forest Hill, p. v. in Decatur co., Ind., 10 mis. S. VV. of Greensburg. Forest Hill, p. v. in Harford co., Md., 4 mis. N. W. of Bi'l Air. Forest Hill, p. v. in Gratiot CO., Mich., 6 mis. "W. of St. Louis, on Pine R. Forest Hill, p. v. in Union CO., Pa., llj^ mis. W. of Lewisburg. Forest Hill, p. o. in Bell CO., Tex. Forest Hill, tn. in Monroe co., W. Va. Pop., 1,920. Forest Hill, p. o. in the above tn. Forest Home, p. v. in Amador co., Cal., 4 mis. S. E. of Latrobe. Forest Home, p. V. in Poweshiek co., Iowa, IG nils. S. S. E. of Grinnell. Forest Home, p. v. in Franklin co., Kans., 13 mis. from Ottawa. Forest House, p. o. in Potter co., Pa. Forest Tiake, p. v. in Washington co., Minn., on the North Pacific R. R., 25 mis. from St. Paul. Forest liake, tn. in Susquehanna co., Pa. Pop., 908. Forest L.akc, p. o. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. AV . of Montrose. Forest Lake Centre, p. o. in Susquehanna CO., Pa., 3 mis. S. W. of Forest Lake. Forest 9Iountl, p. v. in Wabashaw co., Minn., 14 mis. N. of Eyota. Forest Oak, v. in Montgomery' co., Md., 5 mis. N. W. of Roclrsdlle. Foreston, tn. in Ogle co.. 111. Pop., 2,177. *Foreston, p. v. in the above tn., at the inter- section of tlie Illinois Central R. R. with the Chicago & Iowa R. R., 12U mis. S. of Galena, in the midst of an agricultural and grazing district. One newspaper. Foreston, v. in Howard co., Iowa, 9 mis. N. W. of Cresco. Forestport, tn. in Onedia CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,276. Forest Port, p. v. in the above tn., on the Black R., 2'.^ mis. E. of Alder Cr., on the Utica & Black River R. R., 28 mis. N. of Utica. Forest Prairie, tn. in Meeker co., Minn. Pop., 31.5. Forest Station, p. o. in Clayton co., Ga. Forest Station, v. in Livingston co.. 111., on the Logansport, Burlington & Peoria R. K., 6 mis. W. of Chatsworth. Forest Station, p. o. in Shenandoah co., Va. Forestville, p. o. in Sonoma co., Cal. Forestville, p. v. in Hartford co.. Conn., on the Providence, Hartford & Fishkill R. R., % mle. W. of Plainville. Forestville, v. in Madison co., Ind., 9 mis. N. E. of Ellwood. Forestville, p. v. in Delaware co., Iowa, 9 mis. N. by W. of Manchester. Forestville, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md., 10 mis. E. of Washington. Forestville, p. v. in Sanilac Co., Mich., on the shore of Lake Huron, 17 mis. N. of Port Sanilac. Pop., 121. Forestville, tn. in Fillmore co., Minn. Pop., 599. Forestville, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. S. W. of Lanesborough. Forestville, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on the Erie R. R., 8% mis. E. of Dunkirk. Pop., 722. One newspaper. Forestville, p. v. in Wake co., N. C, on the Raleigh & Gaston R. R., 15 mis. N. of Raleigh. Forestville, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. Forestville, p. o. in Marion district, S. C. Forestville, p. o. in De Witt co., Tex. Forestville, p. o. in Shenandoah co., Va. Forestville, tn. in Door co.. Wis. Pop., 351. Forestville, p. o. in the above tn. Forg'e Village, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on Stonj' Brook R. R., 5 mis. E. of Groton Junction. Foristell, p. v. in St. Charles co., Mo. Fork, tu. In Mecosta CO., Mich. Pop., 162. Fork, p. o. in the above tn. Fork I>ale, p. o. in Botetourt CO., Va. Forked River, p. o. in Ocean co., N. J. Forklaiicl, p. o. in Greene co., Ala. Forkland, p. o. in Nottoway co., V^a. Fork liick, tn. in Webster co., W. Va. Pop., 671. Fork Meeting Honse, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md., 1.5'.^ mis. N. W. of Baltimore. Fork Mountain, p. o. in Mitchell co., N. C. Forkner's Hill, p. v. in Webster co.. Mo., 15 mis. from Marshfleld. Forks, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Forks, tn. in Northampton co.. Pa. Pop., 1,4.50. Forks, tn. in Sullivan co., Pa. Pop., 8.54. Forksburgti, p. o. in Marion co., W. Va. Fork Shoals, p. o. in Greenville disti-ict, S. C. Forks of Buffalo, p. o. in Amherst co., Va. Forks of Capon, p. o. in Hampshire co., W. Va. Forks of Flkborn, p. o. in Franklin co., Ky. Forks of Pigeon, p. o. in Haywood co., N. C. Forks of Salmon, p. o. in Klamath co., Cal. Forks of Tennessee, p. o. in Swain co., N. C. Forks Station, p. v. in Monroe co.. Pa., on the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 18 mis. from Stroudsburgh. Pop. about 200. ^ FORK SWAMP. 329 FORT FAIRFIELD. Forb Swamp, p. o. in Beaufort eo., N. C. Forkston, tn. in Wyoming CO., Pa. Pop., 576. Forkstoii, p. V. in tlie above tn., 5 mis. S. W. of Mehnopany. Forfesville, p. o. Ouachita parish. La. Forlcsville, p. v. in Sullivan co., Pa., 13 mis. N. W. of Laporte. Forksville, p. o. in Mecklenburg co., Va. Forktown, p. v. in Wicomico co., Md., on the Eastoni Shore R. R.^S^ mis. S. of Salisbury. Fork Union, tn. in Fluvanna co., Va. Pop., 2,791. Fork Union, p. v. in the above tn., 28 mis. S. E. of Charlottesville. Forkvale, p. o. Campbell co., Tenn. Forkville, p. o. in Cabarrus co., N. C. Forman, p. o. in Johnson co., 111. Forrestburgli, tn. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pop., 915. Forrester, p. v. in Sanilac co., Mich., on the shore of Lake Huron, 5 mis. N. of Port Sani- lac. Pop., 233. Forsyth, co. in Ga., N. central part. Area, 250 sq. mis. Pop., 7,983; in 1860, 7,7-19. Itisbounilerl in the E. by the Chattahoochee R. The Eto- wah R. intersects the N. W. corner. The sur- face is hilly and the soil productive. Cum- ming is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 19,881 bush.; rye, 213 bush.; Indian- corn, 68,075 bush.; oats, 9,769 bush.; Irish pot's, 201 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,394 bush.; cotton, 217 bales; butter, 4,432 lbs. Cash value of farms, 1273,299. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $178,137. Value of manufactures, $121,469. Forsyth, p. v. and the co. seat of Monroe co., Ga., on the Macon & Western R. R., 24 mis. N. W. of Macon ; in a cotton-growing section. Pop. about 500. One newspaper. Forsyth, p. v. and the co. seat of Taney co.. Mo., on the White R. and .33 mis. S. of Spring- field. Pop., 87. One newspaper. Forsyth, co. in N. C, N. W. part. Area, 3.50 sq. mis. Pop., 13,050 ; in 1860, 12,692. The surface is hilly and the soil fertile. The Yadkin R. forms the W. boundar j% and the co. is drained by small affluents of this river. Winston is tlie CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 66,678 bush.; rye, 4,471 bush.; Indian-corn, 173,- 146 bush.; oats, 76,-569 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,083 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,603 bush.; tobacco, 238,- 262 lbs.; butter, 59,999 lbs.; hay, 2,997 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,173,202. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm prodxictions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $557,778. Val- ue of manufactures, $240,687. Forsythe, p. v. in Macon co.. 111., on the Illi- nois Central R. R., 6 mis. N. of Decatur. *Fort Abercrombic, p. o. in Shyenne co., Dak. it is a military post, situated on the Red R. of the North, 12 mis. N. of Breckinridge. Fort Abraham l.incoIn, p. o. in Dak. Fort Adams, p. v. in Wilkinson co.. Miss., on the Mississi?i5pi R., 40 mis. S. of Natchez. Fort .\ncient, p. V. in Wan-en co., Ohio, on the Little Miami R. and R. R., 514 mis. N. N. E. of Morrow. Fort Ann, tn. in Washington co., N. Y. Pop., 3,329. Fort Ann, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cham- plain Canal and the Saratoga & Washington R. R., 11% mis. N.N.E. of Fort Edward. Pop., 689. Fort Arbnckle, p. o. in Chickasaw Nation, Ind. Ter. Fort Atkinson, p. v. in Winneshiek co., Iowa, on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 6 mis. S. W. of Calmar. *Fort Atkinson, p. v. in Jefferson co., Wis., on the Wisconsin Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 20 mis. N% N. E. of Janes- ville and 6 mis. S. of Jefferson. It is a thriv- ing place and I'apidly increasing. Pop., 2,010. Two iicwsp.apers. Fort Bayard, p. v. in Grant co., N. Mex., 106 mis. X. V. of Mesilla. Pop., 211. Fort Bend, co. in Tex., S. E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 7,114 ; in 1864, 6,143. The surface is nearly level; the soil generally fertile. Brazos R. intersects the co. Richmond is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian- corn, 233,505 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,355 bush.; sweet pot's, 20,867 bush.; cotton, 4,017 bales : butter, 20,111 lbs.; liay, 9 tons. Cash value of farms, $924,211. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $595,193. Value of manufactures, $107,594. Fort Benton, p. v. and the co. seat of Chou- teau CO., Mont. Ter., on the Missouri R., 150 mis. N. E of Helena. Pop., 40. *Fort Bidwell, p. v. in Siskiyou eo., Cal., in Surprise Valley, near one of the large Alkali Lakes, and 160 mis. E. of Yroka. Fort Blackimore, p. o. in Scott co., Va. *Fort Branch, p. v. in Gibson co., liid., on the Evansville & Crawfordsville R. R., 7}^ mis. S. of Princeton. *Fort Bridger, p. v. and the co. scat of Uin- tah CO., Wyo. Ter., 10 mis. S. of Carter on tho Union Pacific R. R. Pop., 236. Fort Browder, p. o. in lUirbour co., Ala. Fort Bufling'ton, p. o. in Cherokee co., Ga. Fort Bnford, p. o. in Buffalo eo., Dak. Fort Calhoun, or Calhoun, p. v. in Wash- ington CO., Nebr., on the Omaha & Northwest- ern R. R. , 21 nils, from Omaha. Fort Chiswell, tn. in Wythe co., Va. Pop., 4,034. Fort Clark, v. and the co. seat of Kinney co., Tex., 4.5 nils. N. W. of Eagle Pass. It lies be- tween the sources of Elm Cr. and Las Moras Cr. The p. o. is Brackettsville. Pop., 395. Fort Collins, p. o. in Larimer co., Colo. Fort Colville, p. o. and the co. seat of Ste- vens CO., Wash. Ter., on Columbia R., near the N. W. termination of the Coeur d'AUene Mts. and about 2.30 mis. N. by E. of Walla Walla. Pop., 587. Fort Concho, p. v. in Bexar co., Tex., on the Choncha R., 6 mis. N. of Bismarck on the pro- posed New Mexico & Gulf R. R. Fort Covington, tn. in Franklin CO., N. T. Pop., 2,136. Fort Covington, p. v. in the above tn., on Salmon R., 17% mis. N. VV. of Malone. Pop., 953. Fort Covington Centre, v. in the above tn., 3 nils. S. E. of Fort Covington. Fort Craig, p. v. in Socorro CO., N. Mex., 35 mis. S. W. of Socorro. It lies in the valley of the Rio Grande. Fort Cummings, p. v. in Grant co., N. Mex., 60 nils. W. of MesUIa. Pop., 70. Fort I>ade, p. o. in Hernando co., Fla. Fort Bavis, p. v. and the co. seat of Presidio CO., Tex., on Linipia Cr., S. of Wild Rose Pass in the Apache Mts. and 90 mis. N. N. E. of Presitlio. Pop., 615. Fort Befiance, p. o. in Caldwell co., N. C. Fort Deposit, p. v. in Lowndes co., Ala., on the Mobile & Montgomery R. R., 32 mis. S. S. W. of Montgomery. *Fort Dodge, city and the co. seat of Webster CO., Iowa, on thcDes Moines R. and the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R., which is here crossed by the Iowa Central R. R. It is 192 mis. W. of Dubuque, and 134 mis. E. of Sioux city. The river furnishes excellent water-power. A U. S. Land Office is located here. Pop., 3,095. Three newspapers. Fort Dodge, tn. in Ford co., Ivans. Pop., 427. Fort Edward, tn. in Washington co., N. Y. Pojx, r,M'>. *Fort Edward, p. v. in the above tn., on the RiuLSselaer & Saratoga R. R., Champlain Ca- nal and the Hudson R., 17 rnls. N. N. E. of Sai-atoga Springs. Has large paper manufac- 1'-w;es. Pop., 3,492. One newspaper. Frt Ewell, p. o. m La Salle co., Tex. ^Ori: Fi^irfield, tn. in Aroostook co., Me. i'op., 1,^-3. rOET FAIRFIELD. 530 FOET SELDEN. •Fort Fairlielcl, p. v. in tlie above tn., on tlie Aroostook R., 47 mis. N. of Houlton. One newspaper. Fort Fetterman, p. o. in Albany CO., Wyo. Ter. Fort Foote, p. o. in Prince George's co., Md. Fort Fred Steele, p. v. in Carbon co., Wyo. Ter. Fort Gaines, p. v. and the co. seat of Clay co., Ga., on the Chattahoochee R.; is the terminus of the Fort Gaines Branch of the Central R. R., IS mis. S. \V. of the Junction on the main Hue. Pop., 7oS. Fort Garland, p. v. in Costilla co., Colo., in the Sau Luis Park and on the RioTrenchura, 15 mis. N. N. E. of San Luis. Fort Gay, p. o. in "Wayne co., W. Va. Fort aniar, p. o. in Madison co., Ga. Fort L.aramie, p. v. in Laramie co., Wyo., 95 mis. N. E. of Cheyenne City, and near the Black Hills of the Rocky Mountains, Pop., 493. Fort liarned, tn. in Pawnee co., Kans. Pop., IT'.t. Fort I.iarned, p. v. in the above tn., 75 nils. S. W. of Ellsworth. Fort Iar the Rio Grande and 65 mis. S. E. of San Elizario. Pop., 3(51. *Fort Randall, p. v. and the co. seat of Todd CO., Dak., on the Missouri R., 483 mis. above Council Bluffs. Pop. about to. Fort Recovery, p. v. in Mercer co., Ohio, 18 mis. N. of Union City. Pop., 89. Fort Ridgely, p. v. in Nicollet CO., Minn., on the Minnesota R.. 41 mis. W. by N. of St. Peter. Fort Riley, p. o. in Davis c6., Kans., at the confluence of the Smoky Hill and Republican Rs. and on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 63 mls.W. of Topeka. Pop., .560, consisting of the troops and their families. Fort Ripley, p. v. in Morrison CO., Minn., on the ;Mississippi R., 15 mis. above Little Falls. Fort Ritner. p. v. in Lawrence co., Ind., on White R. and the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 6 mis. N. E. of Mitchell. Forts, p. o. in Dallas co., Ala. *Fort Scott, citv and the co. seat of Bourbon CO., Kans., on I^farmaton li. and at the inter- section of tlie Sedalia Division of the Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas R. R. with the Mis- souri R., Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., 110 mis. from Sedalia, iMo.,and 98 mis. from Kansas City. It has an extensive commerce and numerous manufacturing establishments, as a woollen mill, foundry, flouring mills, etc. The vicin- ity aliounds" in timber and coal. Pop., 4,174. Si"x nowsiKiii.'rs. Fort Seldiii, p. v. in Dona Ana co., N. Mex., 35 nils. X. W. of Mesilla. FORT SENECA. 331 FOUNTAIN CREEK. Fort Seneca, p. o. in Seneca co., Obio. Fort Shaw, p. v. in Lewis and Clarke co., Mont. Tlt., 8.5 mis. N. of Helena. It lies on tlie Sun R.. a tributary of the Missouri. Fort Sill, p. V. in "Choctaw Nation, Ind. Ter., 75 mis. W. of Fort Arhncklo. Fort Siincoe, p. o. in Yakima co., Wash. Tcr. *Fort Sinitb, p. v. in Sebastian co., Ark., on the Arkansas R. and on the line of the Little Rock & Fort Smith R. R., which has been coni- nleted to Lewisburg, about 110 mis. E. of Fort Smith. Beef packing is carried on. Pop., 2,2-27. Six newspapers. Fort Snelling^, p. v. in Hennepin co., Minn., near the junction of the Minnesota & Missis- sippi Rs. It is the earliest settlement and military post Im Minn. The Minnehaha Falls are 2 mis. above the v. Fort Spring:, tn. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Pop.,yoi. Fort Spring Depot, p. o. in the above co. Fort's Station, p. v. in Robertson co., Tenn., on the Edgefield & Kentucky R. R., 42 nrls. from Nashville. Fort Stanton, p. v. in Lincoln co., N. Mex., 150 nils. S. E. of Socorro. Fort Stevens, p. o. in Kemper co., Miss. Fort Snlly, p. v. in Buffalo CO., Dak., on the Missouri 1*. Pop., T-to ; mainly the garrison. Fort Sumner, p. o. in San Miguel co., N. Mex. Fortsville, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., 3}4 mis. N. W. of Gansevoort. Fort Taylor, p. o. in Hernando CO., Fla. Fort Tong'as, p. o. in Alaska. FortTotten, p. v. in Pembina co., Dak. Ter., 169 mis. N. W. of Port Abercrombie. Pop., 240. Fort Union, p. v. in Mora co., N. Mex., 20 mis. E. of Mora. Fort Valley, p. v. in Houston co., Ga., on the Southwestern R. R., 28 mis. S. W. of Macon. It ships inucli cotton and has various manu- factories. Pop., 1,833. Two newspapers. Fortville, p. v. in Hancock co., Ind., on the Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 15}^ mis. S. W. of Anderson. Pop., 387. Fort Watlsw^orth, p. o. in Pembina co.. Dak. Ter. Fort Wallace, tn. in AVallace co., Kans. Pop., 39B. Fort Wallace, p. v. in the above tn., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 422 mis. W. of Kansas City. Fort Washington, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md., on the Potomac R., 15 mis. below Wash- ington. Fort W^ashita, p. o. in Chickasaw Nation, Ind. Ter., VA) mis. S. W. of Fort Smith, Ark. *Fort Wayne, city and co. seat of Allen co., Ind., at the junction of the St. Mary's and St. Joseph Rs., which form the Maumee,and on the Wabash & Erie Canal. It has unrivaled rail- road connections, and several great lines in- tersect here, as the Toledo, Waljash & West- ern R. R., Fort Wayne, Jackson & Saginaw R. R., the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., etc. Its growth has been very rapid. Pop.. 17,718. Nine newspap(;rs. Fort Winnebago, tn. in Columbia co.. Wis. Pop., 70'J. Fort Worth, p. v. and the co. seat of Tarrant CO., Tex., on the Trinity R., 23 mis. W. of Dal- las. Pop., 8.30. One newspaper. Fort Wrang-le, p. o. in Alaska. Fort Yam Hill, v. in Yam Hill co., Oreg., 30 mis. s. W. of La Fayette. Fort Yunia, tn. in San Diego CO., Cal. Pop., 331. Forward, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 1,300. Forward, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 1,025. Forward, p. o. in Dane co.. Wis. Foscoro, p. o. in Kewanee co.. Wis. Foster, new co. in Dak., N. E. part. The sur- face consists of rolling prairies, and is diver- sified by numerous small lakes. The Dakota R. intersects the S. W. corner ; the Cheyenne R. the northern part of the co. Foster, p. v. in Bracken co., Ky., on the Ohio R., 10 mis. from Augusta. Pop., 191. Foster, tn. in Faribault co.. Minn. Pop., 304. Foster, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 2,999. Foster, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop.. 1,001. Foster, tn. iu Providence co., R. I. Pop., 1,030. Foster, p. V. in the above tn., 15 mis. W. of Providence. Foster, p. V. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis., 10 mis. S. E. of i'ond du Lac. Fosterbnrgh, p. v. in Madison co.. 111., 10 mis. from Alton. Foster Centre, p. o. in Providence co., R. I. Fosterdale, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., 7)4 mis. E. of Cochecton. Foster's, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. Foster's Bar, tn. in Yuba co., Cal. Pop., 524. Foster's Bar, v. in the above tn. Fostei"s Crossings, p. v. iu Warren CO.. Ohio, on the Little Miami R., 23 mis. N. E. oi Cincinnati. Foster's Cross Roads, p. o. in Bledsoe co., Tenn. Foster's Mills^ p. v. in Armstrong co., Pa., 11 mis. N. W. of Kiltanuing. Foster's Ridge, p. o. in Perry co., Ind. Fostcrtown, v. in Burlington co., N. J., G mis. S. of iMount Holly. Fosterville, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., 6 mis. W. N. W. of Auburn. Fosterville, p. v. iu Rutherford co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Chattanooga R. R., 13 mis S. of Mnrfreesborough. Fosterville, p. o. in Anderson co., Tex. *Fostoria, p. v. in Seneca co., Ohio, on a branch of Portage R., and the Lake Erie & Louisville R. R., 22 mis. S. W. of Fremont and 10 mis. N. E. of Findlay ; has several saw-mills, grist-mills, iron foundries, and Is a thriving place. Pop., 1,733. One newspaper. Fostoria, p. v. iu Blair co.. Pa., 5% nils. S. W. of Tyrone. Fouc'her l,a Fave, tn. in Perry co.. Ark. Pop., 403. Foulton, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 106. Foundryville, p. v. in Columbia CO., Pa., 4 mis. N. \V. of IJerwick on the Lackawanna & Bloonisburg R. R. Pop., 923. Fountain, p. v. in El Paso co., Colo., on the Denver & Rio Grande R. R., 89 mis. from Denver. Pop., 380. One newspaper. Fountain, tn. in Monroe co., 111. Pop., 2,977. Fountain, p. o. in Fountain CO., Ind. Fountain, co. in Ind., W. part. Area, 4O0 sq. mis. Pop., 10,421 ; in 1800, 15,.560. The surface is mostly level. The soil consists of black loam and is very productive. The Wabash R. forms the north-western boundary. The co. is intersected by the Indianapolis, Blooming- ton & Western R. 11., and the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R. Covington is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 413,7S(jbush.; rye, 2,014 bush.; Indian-corn, 574, 42(; bush.; oats, 59,('81 bush.; Irish pot's, 5i<,W.> bush.; sweet pot's, 821 bush.; butter, 257,196 lbs.; hay, 10,679 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,3'.)9,.502. Total, estimated, value of afi farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,424,378. Value of uianufMCtures, |616,042. Fountain, tn. in Fillmore CO., Minn. Pop., 1,037. Fountain, p. v. in Fillmore CO., Minn., on the Southern Minnesota R. R., 62 mis. from La Crosse. Pop., 75. Fountain, p. o. in Schuylkill co., Pa. Fountain, tn. in Juneau co., Wis. Pop., 599. Fountain Blutf, p. o. in Jackson co., HI. ^Fountain City, p. v. in BulTalo co.. Wis., on the Mississippi R., nearly opposite Minnesota Citv, Minn. Pop., 837. One newspaper. Fountain Creek, tn. iu Iroguois co., 111. Pop., 503. Fouutaiu Creels, p. o. Iu Stephenson co., IU. FOUNTAIN CREEK. 332 FRANCISCO. Fonntain Creels, p. o. in Maui-y CO., Tenn. Fouiitaiiidale, p. o. in Winnebago CO., 111. ■Fountain Dale, p. o. in Adams co.. Pa. Fountain Green, tn. in Hancock CO., 111. Pop., 1,475. Fountain Green, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. VV. of Blandinsville. Fonntain Green, p. o. in Harford co., lid. Fountain Green, p. v. in San Pete co., Utah Ter., 13 mis. N. of Moroni and 26 mis. N. of Manti. Fountain Head, p. v. in Sumner CO., Tenn., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 12 mls.N. of Galhitin. Fountain Hill, p. o. in Ashley CO., Ark. Fountain Hill, p. o. in Greene CO., N. C. Fountain Inn, p. o. in Greenville district, S.C. Fountain ]tlills, p. o. in Fayette co., Pa. Fountain Prairie, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., l,2So. Fountain Run, p. v. in Monroe co., Ky., 15 mis. from Tonipkinsville. Fountain Spring, p. o. in Wood co., W. Va. Fountain Station, p. o. in Vigo co., Ind. Fountalntown, p. v. in Shelby co., Ind., on the Ciiieinnati & Indianapolis Junction R. R., 4'.$mls. W. N. W. of Morrison. Fountainville, p. o. in Bucks co., Pa. Fourche, tn. in Pulaski co., Ark. Pop., 601. Fourche, p. o. in Perry co., Ark. Fourclie a Renault, p. o. in Washington co.. Mo. Four Corners, p. o. in Jeflferson co., Iowa. Four Corners, p. v. in Huron co., Ohio, 5]^ mis. N. W. of MonroeviUe. Four Mile, tn. in AVayne co.. 111. Pop., 1,817. Four Klile, tn. m Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 531. Four Mile, tn. in Dunklin co., Mo. Pop., 830. Four Mile, p. o. in the above tn. Four Mile Branch, p. o. in Monroe co. Tenn. Four Mile Prairie, p. o. in Perry co.. 111. Fourth Crossing, p. o. in Calaveras co., Cal. Four Towns, p. o. in Oakland co., Mich. Foust's Mills, p. o. Randolph co., N. C. Fowler, p. v. in Adains co., 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 12>i^ mis. K. E. of Quincy. Fowler, p. o. in Benton co., Ind. Fowler, p. v. in Clinton co., Mich., on the De- troit & Milwaukee R. R., 28 mis. from Owosso. Fowler, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 1,785. Fowler, p. v. in the above tn., G\4 mis. S. E. of Gon\'eri\eur. Fowler, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 871. Fowler, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. E. of Warren. Fowler's, p. o. in Brooke co., W. Va. Fowler's Knob, p. o. in Nicholas co., W. Va. Fowler's L.anding, p. o. in Humphreys co., Tenn. Fowler's Mills, p. v. in Geauga co., Ohio, 6 mis. S. W. of Chardon. Fowlersville, p. o. in Rice co., Minn. Fowlersville, p. o. in Columbia co., Pa. Fowlerville, p. v. in Livingston co., Mich., on Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan li. R., 9 mis. E. by N. of Howell and 24 mis. from Lansing ; is surrounded by a farming district. Pop., ."jOO. One newspaper. Fowlerville, p. v. in Livingston co., N. Y., 6 mis. W. of Avon. Fowling CreeU, p. o. in Caroline CO., Md. Fox, p. o. in Wells co., Ind. Fox, p. o. in Rav co.. Mo. Fox, tn. in Kendall co., 111. Pop., 1,265. Fox, tn. in Black Hawk CO., Iowa. Pop., 812. Fox, tn. in McDonald co., Mo. Pop., 529. Fox, tn. Carroll co., Ohio. Pop., 1,119. Fox, tn. in Elk co., Pa. Pop., 1,188. Fox, tn. in Sullivan co.. Pa. Pop., 443. Foxborough, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 3,507. *Foxhoroug;h, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Providence R. R., 21 mis. S. S. W. of Boston. Foxburg, p. V. in Clarion co.. Pa., at the junc tion of tlie Clarion and Alleghany Rs. and on the Alleghany Valley R. R., 85 mis. N. of Pitts- burgh. Fox Creeli, p o. in Chase co., Kans. Fox Creelc, p. o. in St. Louis co., Mo. Foxcroft, tn. in Piscataquis CO., Me. Pop., 1 17S. *Foxcroft, p. V. in the above tn., on the Pis- cataquis R.. ]4 mlc. N. of Dover. Fox Islands, embracing North and South Fox islands ; lie in the N. part of Lake Michi- gan and constitute Manitou co., Mich. Fox Islands, or Aleutian Islands, belong, ing to Alaska. They form a long chain, which borders Bohrings Sea on the S. and extends from the extremity of the Peninsula of Alas- ka to Kamtchatka. In several of the islands are active volcanoes. The inhabitants, esti- mated at about 8,000, are Esquimaux, and live mainly by Ashing and hunting. The rigor of the climate renders farming well nigh impos- sible. The principal islands are Unimak, Un- alashka, Umnak, Atkha, Adak, Tanaga, Kys- ka, Agattu and Attu. Fox I^ake, p. v. in Lake co.. 111., on Fox Lake and 20 mis. W. of Wankegan. ^ Fox liake, tn. in Dodge co., Wis. Pop., 1,916. *Fox Iiake, p. v. in the above tn., on Beaver- dam Cr. and on Fox Lake, 614 uils- N. W. of Beaverdam. It lies 2i^ mis. N. of a station on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. A line of horse cars connects it with Fox Lake .Junction on the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 69 mis. from Milwaukee. Pop., 1,08(5. One news- paper. Fox River, in Wis.; rises in Green Lake co., and flows at first W. S. W. until within i% mlc. of Portage city on the Wiscon.sin R., where it sharply turns N. and then pursues a north-easterly course, until it empties into Green B. below Fort Howard. It drains sev- eral lakes, which are expansions of its bed, as Buttalo Lake, Lake Paekawa, Green Lake and Winnebago Lake. Its largest tributary is Wolf R., which rises in Oconto CO., and drains a large territory in the N. E. part of the state. A canal connects this i-iver with the Wiscon- sin R. at Portage city, so as to establish a passage for ships from the great lakes to the Mississippi R. The obstructions which yet hamper navigation will soon l)e removed. Fox River, a tributary of the Illinois R.; rises in Waukesha co., Wis., and flows first S., then S. W., emptving into the Illinois R. at Ottawa. It has much tall and furnishes extensivo water-power. Fox River, tn. in White co., 111. Pop., 1,867. Fox River, tn. in Davis co., Iowa. Vop., 1,256. Fox River, p. o. in Kenosha CO., Wis. Foxville, p. o. in ^iSarion co.. 111. Foxville, p. o. in Frederick co., Md. FracUville, p. o. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Frailey, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 1,332. Frainiville, p. o. in Burleson co., Tex. Frantes Mills, p. o. in Braxton co., W. Va. Franiinghaiu, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Poi)., 4,969. Franiing'hani, p. v. in the above tn., on a branch ot the Boston & Worcester R. R., 21 mis. S. W. of Boston and 2 mis. N. of South Framingham. Franipton, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ohio. Franiii>ton, p. o. in Clarion CO., Pa. Franeestown, tn. in Hillsborough CO., N. H. Pop., 932. Francestown, n. v. in the above tn., 12i^ mis. N. W. of Amherst. Francesville, p. v. in Pulaski co., Ind., on the New Albany, Louisville & Chicago R. R., 40* Frankfort, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. E. N. E. of Rod Oak. •Frankfort, p. v. In Marshall co., Kans., on the Union Pacific R. R., 17 mis. W. of Cen- tralia. ♦Frankfort, city, co. seat of Franklin co., and capital of Ky., on the Kentucky R., 60 mis. above its mouth ; and on Lexington Branch of the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R.R., 65 mis. from Louisville and 29 mis. from Lexing- ton. It is situated on a plain between the river and steep bluffs, 150 feet high, and has many substantial and elegant stone buildings. It contains the State Penitentiary, the State Arsenal, the extensive car and machine sliops of the railroad company, and is largely en- gaged in manufacturing cotton goods, car- riages, paper, lumber and distilled liquors. Pop., 5,398 ; in 1860, 4,755. Frankfort, In. in Waldo co., Me. Pop., 1,152. Frankfort, p. v. in Waldo co., Me., on the Pe. nobscot R., 15 mis. S. Bangor. Frankfort, p. v. and the co. seat of Benzie CO., Mich., on Lake Michigan, at tlie mouth of R. Aux Bees Scie. Iron and lumber trade. Pop., 800. One newspaper. Frankfort, tu. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., 564. Frankfort, p. v. in Knox co., Nebi'., on the Missouri R. and 33 mis. N. E. of Niobrara, the CO. seat. Frankfort, tn. in Herkimer co., X. Y. Pop., 3,065. *Frankfort, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mo- hawk R., Erie Canal and the New York Cen- tral R. R., i}4 mis. W. of Herkimer. Pop,, 1,083. Frankfort, p. v. in Ross co., Ohio, on the North Fork of Paint Cr. and near the Mari- etta & Cincinnati R. R., 13]^ mis. W. N. W. of. Chillicothe. Pop., .519. Frankfort, tn. in Mineral co., W. Va. Pop., 9.)7. Frankfort, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. W. of Paterson's Depot. Frankfort, tn. in Pepin CO., Wis. Pop., 310. Frankfort, ji. o. in the above tn. Frankfort Hill, p. o. in Herkimer CO., N. Y. Frankfort Mills, v. in Waldo co., Me., on Marsh Stream, 10 mis. S. of Bangor. Frankfort. Springs, p. v. in Beaver co.. Pa., 13J^ nils. S.'of Georgetown. Frankfort Station, p. v. in Will co., 111., on the Joliet Cut-oft" R. R., 13 mis. B. of Joliet. Frank Hill, p. o. in Winona co., Minn. Franklin, v. in Macon co., Ala., on the West ern Alabama R. R, 32 mis. W. of Opelika, Pop., 75. Franklin, co. in Ala., N. W. part, bordering on Miss. Area about 1,250 sq. mis. Pop., 8,006; in 1860, 18,627. The Tennessee R. forms the northern boundary, and its broad valley is the most productive section of the co. In the S. this valley is bounded 'by the steep de- clivities of an elevated table-la'nd, which oc- cupies the remainder of the co. Big and Little Bear Crs., Buzzard Cr., Spring Cr. and other small tributaries of the Tennessee traverse the CO. from S. to N. The Memphis and Charlestown R. R. passes through the Valley of the Tennessee. Russellville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 9,070 bush.; rye, 310 bush.; Indian-corn, 264,13ti bush.; oats, 7,0,55 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,490 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,584 bush.; cotton, 2,072 bales; butter, 31,061 lbs.; hay, 593 tons. Cash value of farms, $488,- 593. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $.539,049. Value of manufactures, $70,487. Franklin, p. v. in Henry co., Ala., on the Ciiattahoochee R., opposite Fort Gaines. Franklin, co. in Ark., N. W. iiart. Area about 775 sq. mis. Pop., 9,627 ; in 1860, 7,298. It is intersected by the Arkansas R. and drained by Mulberry R., Wliite Oak Cr. and other tributaries of this large stream. The northern part of the co. is much broken and hilly. Good tillable lands occur only in the creek and river bottoms. Ozark is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 13,015 bush.; Indi- an-corn, 323,444 bush.; oats, 4,918 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,.520 liush.; sweet pot's, 23,689 bush.; tolmcco, 5,874 lbs.; cotton, 4,796 bales. Cash value of farms, $818,329. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $856,233. Value of manu- factures, $122,387. Franklin, tn. in Calhoun co., Ark. Pop., 438. Franklin, tn. in Chicot co.. Ark. Pop., 344. Franklin, tn. in Drew co.. Ark. Pop., 567. Franklin, tn. in Fulton co.. Ark. Pop., 580. Franklin, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from La Crosse. Franklin, tn. in Grant co.. Ark Pop., 298. Franklin, tn. in Independence co., Ark. Pop., 559. FRANKLIN. 334 FRANKLIN. Franklin, tn. in Izard co., Ark. Pop., CCO. Franklin, in. in Little River co., Ark. Pop., 388. Franklin, tn. in Union co., Ark. Pop., 709. Franklin, tn. in Sacramento co., Cal. Pop., h-Zrl. Franklin, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. E of Elk Grove. Franklin, tn. in New London co.. Conn. Pop., 731. Franklin, p. v. in the above tn., on the New London & Nortliern R. R., 9 mis. S. of AYil- liuiantic. Franklin, co. in Fla., N. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., l,-25fc; ; inlSGO, 1,904. The surface is but little elevated and the soil sandy. The Apalachieola R., iiavigable by steamboats, forms part of the W. boundary and intersects the S. W. part. The county is bounded E. by Ocklockonee R., and S. by Gulf of ]\Iexico. Apalachieola is the co. scat. Agr. productio.is in 1S70 : Oats, 555 bush.; sweet pot's, 540 bush.; rice, 2,365 bush. Cash value of farms, $4,2t30. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, includint^ additions to stock, etc., $4,795. Value of manufactures, $-24,625. Franklin, co. in Ga., N. fi. part. Area about 290 sq. mis. Pop., 7,893 ; in 1860, 7,393. The Tugaloo R., which separates it from S. C, forms the N. E. boundarj^ The North Fork of the Broad R. intersects the co. from N. to S. The surface is undulating and the soil mostly productive. Carnesville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : 'Viieat, 18,863 bush.; rye, 65 bush.; Indian- ooni, 173,007 bush.; oats, 14,151 bush.; Irish pot's, 190 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,335 bush.; cot- ton, 637 bales ; butter, 60,447 lbs. Cash value of fanns, $571,583. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includhig additions to stock, etc., $347,981. S'alue of inanufactures, $53,220. Franklin, p.V. and the co. seat of Heard co., Ga., on the Chattahoochee R., 15 mis. N. W. of Ilogansville. Pop., ,000. One newspaper. Franklin, p. v. in Oneida co., Idaho. Franklin, co. in 111., S. part. Area, 380 sq. ml8. Pop., 12,652 ; in 1860, 9,393. The surface is hilly, with level valleys. The soil is com- posedlargely of lime and is quite fertile. It is drained by the Big Muddj' R. and its tributa- ries. Benton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. 111,689 bush.; rye, 5,195 bush.; Indian-corn, 653,299 bush.; oats, 222,426 bush.; Irish pot's, 27,968 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,947 bush.; butter, 64,,556 lbs.; hay, 4,835 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,la9,079. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,099,576. Value of manufactures, $100,632. Franklin, tn. in De Kalb co.. 111. Pop., 1,004. Franklin, v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. of Creston. Franklin, tn. in Morgan CO., 111. Pop., 2,057. Franklin, p. v. iu the above tn., on the Jack- sonville, Northwestern & Southeastern R. R., 121.^ mis. S. E. of Jacksonville. Franklin, co. in Ind., S. E. part. Area, 380 sq. mis. Pop., 20,199; in 1860,19,549. The co. is drained by the White Water R., whose West and East Forks unite at Brookville. The eastern part is rolling; the western level. The Cincinnati .Junction R. R. and White Wa- ter Canal pass through the co. Brookville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVhoat, 396,774 bush.; rye, 6,677 bush.; Indian-corn, 771,- 074 bush.; oats, 143,148 bush.; Irish pot's, .58.069 bush.; sweet pot's, 821 bush.; butter, 257,196 lbs.; hav, 10,679 tons. Cash value of farms, $s,- 9!)9,998. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including adilitions to stock, etc., $1,830,314. Value of manufactures, $1,332,777. Franklin, tn. in De ICalta co., Ind. Pop., 1,243. Franklin, tn. in Grant oo., Ind. Pop., 1,471. Franklin, tn. in Henry co., Ind. Pop., 1,579, Franklin, tn. in Hendricks co., Ind. Pop., 1,316. Franklin, tn. in Harrison co., Ind. Pop., 1.402. Franklin, tn. in Johnson co., Ind. Pop., 5,610. Franklin, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 1,280. Franklin, tn. in Marion co., Ind. Pop., 2,376, Franklin, tn. in Montgomery co., Ind. Pop., 1.683. Franklin, tn. in Owen CO., Ind. Pop., 1,512. Franklin, tn. in Putnam co., Ind. Pop., 1.266. Franklin, tn. in Randolph co., Ind. Pop., Fc'anklin, tn. in Floyd co., Ind Pop., 793. Franklin, tn. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pop., 22G. Franklin, tn. in Ripley co., Ind. Pop., 1,961. Franklin, tn. in Washington co., Ind. Pop., J, 366. Franklin, tn. in Wayne co., Ind. Pop., 1,385. Franklin, tn. in .Johnson co., Ind. Pop., 2,903. *Franklin, citv in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Young's Cr. and on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & Lafayette R. R., 27 mis. E. of Mar- tinsville ; is the seat of Franklin College and a seminary. The JelfcrsonviUe, Madison & Indianapolis R. R. connects liere. Pop., 2,709. Two n(>wspapers. Franklin, co. in Iowa, N. central part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 4,738; in 1860, 1,309. The sur- face is rolling prairie land ; the soil fertile. It is drained by West Fork of Cedar R. and its tributaries. Hampton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 269,231 bush.; In- dian-corn, 188,133 bush.: oats, 149,081 bush.; Irish pot's, 26,312 bush.; sweet -nt's, 7 bush.; butter, 130,.382 lbs.; wool, 4,228 lus.; hay, 12.008 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,906,673. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $521,748. Value of m.anufactures, $.34,725. Franklin, tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa, Pop,, 8.50. Franklin, tn. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Pop., 888. Franklin, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 64.3, Franklin, tn. in Clarke co., Iowa. Pop., 677. Franklin, tn. in Decatur co., Iowa, Pop,, 466. » Franklin, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis, N. of Leon. Franklin, tn. in Des Moines co., Iowa, Pop., 1,549. Franklin, tn. in Fremont co., Iowa. Pop., 2,232. Franklin, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,872. Franklin, tn. in Linn co., Iowa. Pop., 2,738. Franklin, tn. in Monona co., Iowa. Pop., 8.56. Franklin, tn. in Marion CO., Iowa. Pop., 768. Franklin, tn. in Monroe co., Iowa. Pop., 613. Franklin, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 634. Franklin, In. in story co., Iowa. Pop., 924. Franklin, tn. in Washington co.,Iowa, Pop., 816. Franklin, co. in K.ans., E. part. Area, 430 sq. mis. Pop., 10,385; in 1860,3,030. The surface is generallv level ; the soil good. It is inter- sected in the central part by the Osage R., and watered by many tributaries of that river. The Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R. passes the central part from N. to S. Ot- tawa is the CO. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 44,471 bush.; rye, 5.38 hush.; In- diau-corn, 618,840 bush.; oat.s, 181,515 bush.; Irish pot's, 51.618 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,005 bush.; butter, 185,640 lbs.; hay, 17,644 tons. Cash value of farms, $;J,43S,800. Total, esti- mated, value of all ftirm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $974,.590, Value of manufactures, .$317,962, FRANKLIN. 335 FRANKLIN. Franklin, tn. in Bourbon co., Kans. Pop., 1,207. Franklin, v. in Douglas CO.. Kans. Franklin, tn. in Franklin co., Kans. Pop., 1,021. Franklin, tn. in Jackson co., Kans. Pop., 2,325. Franklin, co. in Ky., central part. Area, 215 sq. mis. Pop., 15,300; in 1800, 12,6fl4. The surface is cliversifled, the soil fertile and un- der good cultivation. Quarries of marble are found on the banks of the Kentucky R., which intersects the co. from N. to S., and which is navigable by steaniboats. The Louisville & Lexington R. R. intersects it from N. W. to S. E. Frankfort is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 28,981 bush.; rye, 19,337 bush.; Indian-corn, 423,295 bush.; oats, .53,638 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,472 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,- 407 bush.; butter, 82,429 lbs.; hay, 1,430 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,651,192. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $633,214. Value of manufactures, $1,819,982. ♦Franklin, p. v. and the co. seat of Simpson CO., Ky., on the Green R. and the Louisville & Kashviile R. R., 85 mis. from Nashville. Pop., 1,808. One newspaper. Franklin, parish in La., N. E. imrt. Area, 750 sq. mis. Pop., 5,078 ; in 1860, 6,162. The sur- face is uneven, the soil well adapted to cot- ton. Bceuf Bayou bounds the co. on the W. and the Washita R. on the S.; Turkey Creek Lake is in the S. part. AVinnsboi-ough is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian- corn, 35,974 bush.; Irish pot's, 206 bush.; sweet loot's, 6,804 bush.; cotton, 3,498 bales. Cash value of farms, $396,594. Total, estimated, value of aJ' farm productions, including addi- tions to s'.ick, etc., $299,098. Franklin, p. v., port of entry and the co. seat of .St. Mar^'^s parish. La., on the Teche R., 125 mis. S. S. W^ of Baton Rou^e and 23 mis. W. of Brashear-. Sugar-cane is largely cultiva- ted. Pop., 1,265. One newspaper. Franklin, co. in Me., W part. Area, 1,600 sq. mis. Pop., 18,807 ; in 1S60, 20,403. It is bounded on the N. W. by the Height of Land, which separates It from Canacla. The surface is rolliiig and rises into bold elevations in the northern and southern mrts of the co. Sad- dleback Mt. and Mt. Abraham are within its limits. The eo. is chiefly drained bj^ tribu- taries of the Kennebec R., as Sandy R. and Dead R. The western part includes affluents of the Androscoggin R. and Rangely Lake. Farmington is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 25,407 bush.; rye, 958 bush.; Indian-corn, 64,267 bush.; oats, 151,032 bush.; Irish pot's, 325,513 bush.; sweet pot's, 2 bush.; butter. 562,470 lbs.; hay, 71,211 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,866,019. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,820,510. Value of manufactures, $713,317. Franklin, tn. in Hancock co., Me. Pop., 1,042. Frauklin, p. v. in the above tn., at the head of Freiicliman's B., 30 mis. S. E. of Bangor. Franklin, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 178. Franklin, co. in Mass., N. W. part. Area about 640 sq. mis. Pop., 32,635 ; in 1860, 31,434. The Connecticut R. passes througli it from N. to S. and receives Millers R. from the E. and DeerfleUl R. from the W. The western part of the CO. is quite hilly, the eastern undulat- ing. The valley of the Connecticut is wide and highly productive. Greenfield is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: >V'lieat, 2,686 bush.; rye, 23,327 bush.; Indian-corn, 159,538 bush.; oats, 76,553 bush.: Irish pot's, 221,633 bush.; butter, 996,543 lbs.; hav, 63,456 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,241, 187. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,108,969. Principal products of Industry : Cotton goods, $381,100; Avoollen goods, $229,350; pocket-books, $341,- 000; sawed lumber, $341,000, and flour and meal, $317,558. Total value of manufactures, $4,937,002. Franklin, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass., Pop., 2,,512. *Franklln, p. v. in the above tn., on the Bos- ton, Hartford & Erie R. R., 27 mis. from Bos- ton and 17 mis. S. W. of Dedham. One news- paper. Franklin, tn. in Houghton co., Mich. Pop., 2,163. Franklin, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop.. 1.459. Franklin, p. v. in Oakland co., Mich., 5]4 mis. "W. of Birmingham. Franklin, p. v. in Renville co., Minn., on the Minnesota R., 9 mis. above Fort Ridgley. Franklin, tn. in Wright co.. Minn. 'Pop., 797. Franklin, co. in Miss., S. W. part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 7,498 ; in 1860, 8,265. The Homo- chitto R. intersects the co., and then forms part of the southern boundary. The surface is slightly undulating and the soil very pro- ductive. Mcadville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 124,846 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,648 bush.; sweet pot's, 28,035 bush.; cotton, 5,079 bales ; butter, 19,939 lbs. Cash value of farms, $589,363. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $603,247. Value of manufactures, $14,700. Franklin, co. in Mo., E. part. Area, 874 sq. mis. Pop., 30,098; in 1860, 18,08.5. Its northern border is washed by the Missouri R., and the Maramec R. intersects it from S. W. to N. E., receiving the Bourbeuse R. The south-eastern part of the co. is niucli broken ; the remainder has a rolling surface. The river bottoms are highly productive. Union is the co. seat. Agi-. productions in 1870 : Wheat, ,586,921 bush.; rj^e, 1,.367 bush.; Indian-corn, 8,53,297 bush.; oats, 3.51,340 bush.; Irish pot's, 114,934 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,573 bush.; tobacco, 783,270 lbs.; butter, 273,789 lbs.; hay, 18,017 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,579,265. Total, estimated, value of all farm prodiictions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,.551,992. Value of man- ufactures, $2,218,625. Franklin, tn. in Dent CO., Mo. Pop., 848. Franklin, tn. in Howard Co., Mo. Pop., 2,474. Franklin, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mis- souri R., opposite Booneville. Pop.. 227. Franklin, tn. in Grnndy co.. Mo. Pop., 1,029. Franklin, tn. in Miller "co.. Mo. Pop., 125. Franklin, tn. in Newton co.. Mo. Pop., 1,23S. Franklin, co. in Nebr., S. part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 26. It has an undulating prairie surface, and is well adapted to grazing. The Republican R. flows througli the co. from W. to E., and drains it with a number of small affluents. Franklin, p. o. in Franklin co., Nebr. Franklin, tn. in Richardson co., Nebr. Franklin, tn. in Merrimack co., N. H. Pop., 2,801. *FrankIin, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mer- rimac R. and on the Northern R. R., 22 mis. N. of Concord. A branch railroad connects it with Bristol. One newspaper. Franklin, p. v. in Essex co., N. J., on the Newark & Paterson R. R., 7 mis. N. of New- ark. Franklin, tn. in Bergfen Co., N.J. Pop., 2,899. Franklin, tn. in Glo'ucester co., N. J. Pop., 2.188. Franklin, tn. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Pop., 1.342. Franklin, tn. in Somerset co., N. J. Poix, 3,912. Franklin, tn. in Warren co., N. J. Pop., 1,655. Franklin, CO. in N. V.,N.E. part. Areaabout l.ioO sq. mis. Pop., 30.271; in 1860, 30,837. It borders in the N. on Canada. The southern FRANKLIN. 336 FRANKLIN. part extends into the Adirondack region, and 13 moutainous, while the northern part gradu- ally descends to the valley of the St. Lawrence B. Tlie CO. is chiefly drained by the Racket B., the St. Kegis 11., Salmon R. and other trihntiiries of the St. I-awrence. In the raouutainous portion there are ninnerous lakes and ponds, the largest of which are known as the Upper and Lower Saranac lakes, whose outlet, Saranac R., empties into Lake Champlain. The co. is intersected by the Western Division of the Vermont Central R. R. Malone is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 85,049 bush.; rye, 20,249 Ijush.; Indian-corn, 69,005 bush.; oats, 362,540 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,068,083 bush.; sweet pot's, 478 bush.; wool, 106,270 lbs.; maple sugar, 351, .580 lbs.; cheese, 47,271 lbs.; buttei- 1,628,045 lbs.; hay, 66,3.83 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,650,- 833. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,(597,647. Value of manufactures, $2,387,686. Franklin, tn. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop. 3,283. Franklin, p. v. in the above tn., i]4 mis. S. of Otego on the All)any & Susquehanna R. B. Seat of Delaware Literary Institute. Pop., 681. One newspaper. Franklin, tn. in Franklin co., N. Y. Pop., 1,19.5. Franklin, co. in N. C, N. N. E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 14,134; in 1860, 14,107. The surface is mostly level ; the soil is good. The Tar B. intersects the central part trom N. W. to S. E. Fishing R. forms most of the N. boundary. The Raleigh & Gaston B. B. passes through the W. part from N. to S. Louisburgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 23,241 bush.; rye, 229 bush.; Indian- corn, 241,435 bush.; oats, 31,659 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,992 bush.; sweet pot's, 30,135 bush.; cot- ton, 3,356 bales ; tobacco, 36,243 lbs.; butter, 65,442 lbs.; hay, 2,522 tons. Cash value of farms, $944,916. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $883,898. Value ot manufactures, $176,260. Franklin, p. v. and the co. seat of Macon co., N. C, 44 mis. from Walhalla and 35 mis. S. W. of Waynesboro. It lies on the Little Tennes- see R., in a valiej' sui-rounded by lofty moun- tains. Franklin, co. in Ohio, central part. Area, 530 sq. nils. Pop., 63,019; in 1860,50,361. The sur- face is level, and the soil excellent and quite generally under cultivation. It is drained by the Sciota K., which affords, with its tributa- ries, abundant water-power for the co. Co- lumbus, in the central part, is the co. seat, and is a great railroad center, four important roads raduiting from it to different parts of the state. Agr. iiroductions in 1870: Wheat, 423,166 bush.; rye, 15.871 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,826,313 bush.; oats, 246,217 l)U8h.; Irish pot's, 323,.525 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,672 bush.; butter, 638,319 lbs.: hay, 29,434 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,- 051,4.54. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,495,139. Value of manufactures, $6,- 979,679. Franklin, tn. in Adams co., Ohio. Pop., 2,172. Franklin, tn. in Brown co., Ohio. Pop., 1,225. Franklin, tn. in Clermont co., Ohio. Pop., 3,298. Franklin, tn. in Columbiana co., Ohio. Pop., 86(>. Franklin, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 972. Franklin, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., Iji'ie. Franklin, tn. in Fulton co., Ohio. Pop., 999. I>i-aaiklin, tn. in Jackson co., Ohio. Pop., l.tii.'). ' Franklin, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 817. Franklin, tn. in Mercer co., Ohio. Pop., 831. Franklin, tn. in Monroe co., Ohio. Pop., 1,413. Franklin, tn. in Morrow co., Ohio. Pod.. 1,011. ^ ' Franklin, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. Pop., Franklin, tn. in Richland CO., Ohio. Pop., 943. Franklin, tn. in Boss co., Ohio. Pop., 1 082. Franklin, tn. in Shelby co., Ohio. Pop., 839. Franklin, tn. in Summit Co., Ohio. Pop.. 1.8S7. Franklin, tn. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop.. 99?:. ^ ' Franklin, tn. in Warren co., Ohio. Pop., 3,012. *Franklin, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mia- mi & Erie Canal and 2 mis. S. E. of Carlisle Station on the Hamilton & Dayton R. B. Pop.. 1,832. Franklin, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio: Pop., 1,302. Franklin, p. o. in Lane co., Oreg. Franklin, co. in Pa., S. part. Pop., 45,365; in 1860, 42,126. It is bounded on the W. by the Cove Mt. andTuscarora Mt., and the eastern extremity is occupied by the broad swell of the South Mt. The interior of the co. forms part of the famous Cumberland Valley, a gently rolling and very productive region. The northern part is drained by the Cone- dogwinit Cr. and the southern by the Conoco- cheague Cr. and its branches. The Cumber- land Valley B. B. passes through the co. from N. to S. Chambersbui-gli is the co..seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 888,727 bush.; rye, 47,047 bush.; oats, 731,911 bush.; Indian-corn, 948,618 bush.; Irish pot's, 146,753 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,566 bush.; butter, 900,710 lbs.; hay, 55,439 tons. Cash value of farms, $23,775,174. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stoclc, etc., $;i,912,032. Value of manufactures, $3,621,349. Franklin, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 2,176. Franklin, tn. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Pop., 716 Franklin, tn. in Beaver co.. Pa. Pop., 676. Franklin, tn. in Bradford co., Pa. Pop., 705. Franklin, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 1,047. Franklin, tn. in Carbon co.. Pa. Pop., 1,912. Franklin, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 922. Franklin, tn. in Columbia co.. Pa. Pop., 506. Frajiklin, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 994. Franklin, tn. in Payette co.. Pa. Pop., 1,299. Franklin, tn. in Greene CO., Pa. Pop., 1,500. Franklin, tn. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Pop., 1,355. Franklin, tn. in Luzerne CO., Pa. Pop., 644. Franklin, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 739. Franklin, tn. in Susquehanna co., Pa. Pop., 849. , Franklin, tn. in Snyder co.. Pa. Pop., 934. ^Franklin, p. v. and the co. seat of Venango CO., Pa., on the AUegliany B., the Alleghany Valley R. B. and a branch ot the Atlantic & Great Western B. B., 123 mis. N. by E. of Pittsburgh, and 8 mis. S. W. of Oil City. It has large oil refineries, and ships much oil. Pop., 3,>.H)S ; in 1860, 1,303. Two newspapers. Franklin, tn. in Washington co.. Pa. Pop,, 1,074. Franklin, tn. in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Pop., 1,796. Franklin, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 910. Franklin, co. in Tenn., S. part. Area, 770 sq. mis. Pop., 14,970 ; in 1860, 13,848. The surface is mountainous, especially in the S. E. part. The soil is mostly fertile. It is drained by the head streams of the Elk B., which furnishes abundant water-power. The Nashville & Chattanooga B. B. traverses it from N. W. to S. E. Winchester is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 84,a57 bush.; rye, 3,229 bush.; Indian-corn, 467.757 bush.; oats, 63,- 371 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,931 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,915 bush.; butter, 127,880 lbs.; hay, 370 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,784,364. Total, estima- ted, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,012,127. Value of manufactures, $296,392. FRANKLIN. 337 FRANKTOWN. •Franklin, p. v. and the co. seat of William- son CO., Tenn., on the Harpeth E. and on the Nashville & Decatur R. R., 19 mis. S. of Nash- ville. It has an iron foundry and cotton fac- tory, and is the seat of Tennessee Female Col- lege. Pop., 1,55-2. One newspaper. Franklin, p. v. in Cache co., Utah, 21 mis. N. of Lojjan. Franklin, co. in Vt., N. part. Area abo;it 625 sq. nils. Pop., 30,291; in 1860, 27,231. It is hound- ed on the W. hy Lake Champlain and on the E. by the Green Mts. It is drained by the Missisqui R. and the Lamoille R. The surface is broken and gradually rises toward the E. The soil is fertile. The Vermont Central R. R. intersects the co. Saint Albans is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 49,430 bush.: rye, 5,857 bush.; Indian-corn, 116,826 bush.; oats, 308 587 bush.; Irish pot's, 335,122 bush.: wool, 92,178 lbs.; butter, 2,984,520 lbs.; hay, 104,075 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,663,- 492. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- diictions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,236,782. Value of manufactures, $1,802,849. Franklin, tn. in Franklin co., Vt. Pop., 1,612. *Franklin, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. N. E. of St. Albans and 55 mis. N. N. W. of Montpe- lier. Franklin, co. in Va., S. part. Area, 864 sq. mis. Pop., 18,264; in 1860, 20,098. The Blue Ridge extends along its western border ; the Staunton R. forms the northern. It is inter- sected by Blackvrater R., Pig R. and other af- fluents of the Staunton. The surface is rolling and in some parts hilly, and the soil highly productive. Rocky Mount is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 77,722 bush.; rye, 11,340 bush.; Indian-corn, 241,919 bush.; oats, 178,231 bush.; Irish pot's, 23,218 bush., sweet pot's, 10,056 bush.; tobacco, 1,696,549 lbs.; butter, 165,499 lbs.; hay, 1,954 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,674,512. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $896,106. Value of manufactures, $225,070. Franklin, tn. in Rockingham co., Va. Pop., 3,200. Franklin, tn. in Southampton co., Va. Pop., 1,564. Franklin, tn. in Braxton co., W. Va. Pop., 1,279. Franklin, tn. in Marshall co., W. Va. Pop., 1,601. Franklin, tn. in Pendleton co., W. Va. Pop., 1,209. Franklin, p. v. in the above tn., 32 mis. N. W. of Broadway Depot, Va., on the Orange, Alex- andria & Manassas R. R., and 5S mis. S. W. of Romney. Franklin, p. o. in Pioi-ce co.. Wash. Ter. Franklin, tn. in Kewaunee co., Wis. Pop., 1,280. Franklin, tn. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Pop., 1,597. Franklin, tn. in Milwaukee co.. Wis. Pop., 2,090. Franklin, tn. in Sauk co.. Wis. Pop., 786. Franklin, tn. in Vernon co., Wis. Pop., 1,231. Franklin, p. o. in Sheboygan co.. Wis. Franklin Centre, p. v. in Lee co., Iowa, on the Burlington & Southwestern R. R., 31 mis. from Burlington. Agricultural town. Pop., 628. Franklin City, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the Norfolk county R. R., 14 mis. S. W. of Dedham. Franklin College, p. v. in Davidson co., Tenn., 5 mis. from Nashville. Frankltn Cornerfs, p. o. in Erie co.. Pa. Franklin Crossing, p. o. in Rock Island co., 111. Franklindale, v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on Wappingers Cr., 2y^ mis. E. of New Hamburgh. 22 It has extensive cotton factories and print works. Pop., 2,263. The name of the p. o. Is Wappingers Falls. Franklinclale, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., 5 mis. W. of Monroetown. Franklin Depot, p. v. in Southampton co., Va., on the Seaboard & Roanoke R. R., 37 mis. from Portsmouth and 43 mis. Irom Weldon. Franklin Falls, p. v. in Franklin co., N. Y., on the Saranac R., 23 mis? W. of Clintonville and 35 mis. S. of Malone. Has numerous mills. Franklin Forks, p. o. in Susquehanna co., Franklin Fnrnace, p. v. in Sussex co., N. J., on the Wallkill R., and the Sussex R. R., U^ mis. N. E. of Newton. Has large blast and cupola furnaces. Franklin Fnrnace, p. v. in Scioto co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 6 mis. S. of Wheelersburgh, ^Franklin Grove, p. v. in Lee co.. 111., on the Chicago & Northwestei-n R. R., 9% mis. E, of the city of Dixon. Ships much grain. Pop.., 757. One newspaper. Franklin Grove, p. o. in Page co., Iowa. Franklin Iron Works, p. o. in Oneida CO., N. Y. Franklin mills, p. o. in Des Moines co., Iowa. Franklin Mills, p. o. in Fulton co., Pa. Franklin Park, p. o. in Somerset co.j N. J. Franklin Cross Roads, p. o. in Hardin co., Ky. Franklin Springs, p. o. in Franklin co., Ga. Franklin Springs, v. in Delaware co., N. Y., on New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 12 mis. S. E. of Sidney Plains. Franklin Sqnare, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, on the Niles & New Lisbon R. R., 8J4 mis. N. of New Lisbon. Franklin Station, p. v. in Coshocton co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 6^ mis. S. of Coshocton. Frankllnton,''p. o. in Henry CO., Ky. Frankllnton, p. v. and the co. seat of Wash- ington parish.. La., on the Bayou Chitto, and 23 mis. E. of Amite. Frankllnton, p. v. in Schoharie co., N Y.. near the source of Catskill Or., 6% mis. S. of Middleburg. ^Frankllnton, p. v. in Franklin co., N. C, on the Raleigh & Gaston R. R., 26 mis. N. oi Raleigh. Franklintown, p. v. in York co.. Pa., 10 mis. S. of Mechanicsburg. Pop., 181. Franklinville, v. in McHenry co., 111., 8 mis. S. W. of Woodstock. Franklinville, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Franklinville, p. V. in Gloucester CO., N. J., on the West Jersey R. R., 5% mis. S. of Glass- borough. Franklinville, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1.559. Franklinville, p. v. in the above tn., o* Ishua Cr., 15 rals. N. ot Hinsdale. Franklinville, p. v. in Randolph co., N. C, 42 mis. from Graham. Franklinville, p. v. in Huntingdon co., Pa., 4 mis. N. E. of Spruce Creek on the Pennsyl- vania Central R. R. Frank Pierce, p. o. in Johnson co., Iowa. Franks, tn. in St. Francis co.. Ark. Pop., 1,906. Frankstown, tn. in Blair CO., Pa. Pop., 1,553. Franksto'tvn, p. v. in the above tn., on the Frankstown Branch of the Juniata R., 2J^ mis. E. of Hollidaysbui'g. *Frankton, p. V. in Madison co.,Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 10 mis. N. W. of Anderson. Pop., 270. Franktown, p. v. and the co. seat of Douglas CO., Colo., 30 mis. S. B. of Denver. Franktown, p. o. in Washoe co., Nev. Franktown, tn. in Northampton co., Vft* Pop., 2,270. FRANKTOWN. 338 FREDONIA. Fraiiklowii, p. v. in Nortbamptou co., Va.,53 inls. X. K. of Norfolk, Frank viHe, tn. in TVinneshiek CO., Iowa. Pop.. 1,154. Fraiikville, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. N. K. ot'Castalia. Frnnkville, p. o. in Howell co., Mo. Frankville, p. o. in Clark CO., Wis. Fransonia, p. o. m Richinond co., 111. Fraser, p. v. in ftlacomb co., Midi., on the Gnind Trunk K. R., 7 nils. S. W. ofMt. Clemens. Frazer, p. o. in Buchanan CO., Mo. Frazcr, p. V. in Chester co.,' Pa., on the Penn- sylvania Central 11. K., 3)4 mis. W. of Paoli. Frazey<«burg'b, p. v. in Muskingum, co., Ohio, on the Pitttsburgh, Cincinnati & St. T.ouis R. R., 1914 mis. S. W. of Coshocton. Pop., -270. Frazier's Bottom, p. o. in Putnam co., W. Va. Freasbnrg, v. in Salem co., N. J., 12 mis. S. E. of Salem. Freco, tn. in Ouachita co.. Ark. Pop., 868. Fredcrica, p. v. in Kent co., Del., on Mother- hill Cr., (i}4 mis. E. of Felton. Pop., 588. Fredorica, p. o. in Glynn co., Ga. Frederick, tn. in Schuyler co.. 111. Pop., 956. Frederick, co. in Md., N. part. Area, 765 sq. mis. Pop., 17,57-2 ; in 1860, 46,591. It is bounded bj' Pennsylvania on the N. and the Potomac R. on the S. and the South Mt. on the W. The surface is hillj^ and intersected Iw several ranges of low elevations in a N. N. E. and S. S. W. direction. The Monocacy R., a tribu- tary of the Potomac, intersects the CO. frorii N. to S., and with numerous small affluent creeks drains it. The soil is highly produc- tive and well cultivated. Frederick is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,133,- G2S bush.; rye, 54,9<.)5 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,360,- 420 bush.; oats, 2.50,069 bush.; Irish pot's, 1.38,- 484 bush.; sweet pot's 1,869 bush.; butter, 877,- 784 lbs.; hav, 32,893 tons. Cash value of farms, $19,463,749. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,094,567. Value of manufactures, .$3,252,- 634. »Frederick, city and the co., seat of Fred- erick CO., Md., near the Monocacv R. and on the Frederick Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 3 mis. N. of Frederick Junction and 65 mis. from Baltimore ; has a college and several other higher educational institu- tions. There are numerous manufactories in the city, producnig iron, flour, paper and wool. Pop., 8,526 ;m 1860, 8,142. Five news- papers. Frederick, p. v. in Mahoning co., Ohio, 12 mis. W. N. W. of Canfleld. Frederick, tn. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pop., 1,818. Frederick, p. v. in the above tn., b}4 mis. N. W. of Schweucksville. Frederick, co. in Va., X. part. Area, 378 sq. mis. Pop., 16,.593j in 1860, 16,546. It borders in the W. and N. on West Virginia, from which it is separated by the Cacajjon Ridge, Big Timber Rulge ami Bears Ridge. Other mountain chains' intersect it from N. E. to S. W. and divide it into a nundjcr of narrowand highly picturesque valleys, which have a highly productive soil. The Opequan, Sleepy and Black Crs., tributaries of the Potomac R., drain the co. Winchester is the co. seat. -\gr. productions in 1870: Wlicat, 2.39,698 bush.; rye, 14,225 bush.; Indian-corn, 182,672 bush.; oats, 76,743 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,061 bush.; sweet pot's, 488 bush.; butter, 2.30,178 hay, 8,725 tons. Cash value of /arms, i!it,494,- 430. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., *994.!)11. Value of manufactures, ;i!757,l24. Frecierika, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 389. Fredcricksbnrgli, p. v. in ^Vasliingtou co.. Ind., on the Blue R., 13J^ mis. S. of Salem. Pop., 117. Fredericksbiirgb, tn. in Cliickasaw CO., Iowa. Pop., 611. Fredericksbnr^ti, p. v. in Chickasaw co., Iowa, on the E. Fork of the Wapsipinnecou R., 11 nils. S. E. of New Hampton, the co. seat. Fredericksburgh, p. o. in Osage co., Mo. Fredericksbursli, v. in AVarren co., Ohio, 14 lule. from Morrow. Pop., 64. Fredericksbur^h, p. v. in Wayne co., Ohio, on the Cleveland, Mt. Vernon & Delaware R. R., 9 mis. N. of Millersburg. Pop., .539. Fredericksbnrgli, p. v. in Lebanon co., Pa., 10 mis. N. of Lebanon. Pop., 480. Fredericksbnrgh, p. v. and the co. seat of Gillespie co., Texas, near Perdinales Cr., and 70 mis. W. of Austin. It lies in a rich agri- cultural district and was settled by a Ger- man colony. Pop., 1,164. * Fredericksburgh, p. v. in Spottsylva- nia CO., Va., on the Rappahannock R, and the Richmond, Fredericksburgh & Poto- mac R. R., 61 mis. N. of Richmond and 21 mis. S. of Quantico. It is pleasantly situated, in a fertile valley. Pop., 4,046 ; in 1860, 5,022. Four newspapers. Fredericks Hall, p. v. in Louisa CO., Va., on the Chesapeake & Oliio R. R., 26 mis. E. S. E. of Gordonsville. Fredericksville, p. v. in Schujder co.. 111., on the Illinois R. and the Rockford, Rock Island and St. Louis R. R., 110 mis. N. of St. Louis. Pop., 669. Fredericksville, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Fredericktowu, p. o. in Washington co., Ky. Fredericktowu, tn. in Madison co.. Mo. Pop.. 601. *Fredericktowii, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the St. Francis R. and the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 30 mis. S. E. of Bismarck. Lead and iron mines in vicini ty. Pop., 601. One newspaper. *Fredericktowii, p. v. in Knox co., Ohio, on Vernon R. and Erie Division of Baltimoi'e & Ohio R. R., 7 mis. N. N. W. of Mt. Vernou, Pop., 690. One newspaper. Fredericktowu, v. in Columbiana co., Oiiio, on the Sandy & Beaver Canal. Fredericktowu, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., on the Monongahela R., 9 mis. above Brownsville. Fredie, p. o. in Butler co., Mo. Fredoii, p. o. in Sussex co., N. J, Fredoiiia, p. v. in Chambers co., Ala., 10 mis, N. W. of West Point. Fredonia, p. o. in Prairie CO., Ark. Fredonia, p. v. in AVilliamson co.. 111., 10 mis. W. of Marion, the co. seat. Fredonia, p. v. in Crawford co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 4 mis. below Leavenworth. Fredonia, p. v. in Lotii-sa co., Iowa, on the Ce- dar R. and on the Chicago, Rook Island & Pa- citic U. R., 20 mis. S. W. of JMuscatine. Pop., 150. Fredonia, p. o. and the co. seat of Wilson co., Kaus., 21 mis. W. of Thayer. Fredonia, p. v. in Calil'well co., Ky., 7 mis. from Marion. Pop.. 155. Fredonia, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 1,031. Fredonia, p. V. in Washtenaw co., Mich., 10 mis. S. S. E. or Chelsea. *rredonia, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on Dunlvirk, Warren & Pittsluirgh R. R., 4 mis. S. of Dunkirk. Has a State Normal School and numerous manufactories. Pop., 2,500. One ni'w.-ii);i|ier. Fredonia, \i. v. in Licking co., Ohio, 12 mis. N. W. of Newark. Pop., 99. Fredonia, p. v. in Mercer co.. Pa., on the She- naugo & Alleghany R. R., 10 mis. from Greeii- vilie. Fredonia, tn. in Ozaukee co., Wis. Pop., 1,688. FREDONIA. 339 FREEPORT. Fredonia, p. v. in Ozaukee co., Wis., on the Milwaukee & Kortheru R. R., 33 nils. X. of Milwaukee. Fredric, p. y. in Monroe co., Iowa, on the Bur- lington & Missouri River R. R. , 16 mis. W. of Ottumwa. Fredrioa, p. o. in Brenier co., Iowa. Freeborn, co. in Minn., S. part. Area, 800 sq. ml?.. Pop., 10,578 ; in 1860, 3,367. The surface is mostly level and the soil very fertile. It is hounded S. hy Iowa. The N. part contains several lakes, the principal of which are Ge- neva and Rice. Albert Lea Lake is in the cen- tral part. The Southern Minnesota R. R. in- tersects the CO. from E. to W. Alhert Lea is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 538,.308 bush.; rye, 316 bush.; Indian-corn, 134,- 638 bush.; oats, .326,766 bush.; Irish pot's, 53,8U bush.; butter, 3S0,()5-2 lbs.; hay, 35,712 tons. (Ja.sh value of farms, $3,077,225. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $856,233. Value of manufactures, $90,393. Freeborn, tn. in Freeborn co., Minn. Pop., 3(i2. Freeborn, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. N.W. of Albert Lea. Freeborn, tn. in Dunklin co.. Mo. Pop., 1,101. Freebnrgrh, p. v. in St. riair co.. 111., on the St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute R. R., 22 mis. S. E. of East St. Louis. Surrounded by a rich farming ilistrict. Pois., 920. Freeburg-U, p. v. in Houston co., Minn., Smls. S. \V. of Brownsville on the Mississippi R. Freeburgh, p. o. in Stark co., Ohio. Freeburg-li, p. v. in Snyder co.. Pa., i% mis. S. W. of Selins Grove. Pop., 600. One news- paper. Freedom, tn. in Polk co.. Ark. Pop., 257. Freedom, tn. in Carroll co.. 111. Pop., 811. Freedom, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,263. Freedom, p. v. in the above tn., II mis. N. of Ottawa. Freedom, p. v. in Owen co., Ind., on the West I'-raucli of White R. and the Indianapolis & Viueeinies R. R., 9\4 mis. S. W. of Spencer. Freedom, p. o. in Lucas co., Iowa. Freedom, tn. in Palo Alto co., Iowa. Pop., 161. Freedom, tn. in Boualjon co., Kans. Pop., 815. Freedom, p. o. in Barren co., Ky. Freedojn, tn. in Waldo co., Me." Pop., 716. Freedom, p. v. in tlie above tn.,5mls. S. S. W. of Thorndike. Freedons, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Freedom, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,261. Freedom, tn. in Waseca co., INIinn. Pop., 832. Freedom, tn. in La Tayette co., Mo. Pop., 2,.550. Freedom, p. v. in the above tn., 12 nils, from Warrensburgh. Freedom, tn. in Carroll co., N. H. Pop., 737. Freedom, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. N. E. of Ossipee. Freedom, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1,371. Freedom, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. Pop., 781. Freedom, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. N. of Freedom Station. Freedotn, tn. in Henrj' co., Oliio. Pop., 812. Freedonj, tn. inWood co., Ohio. Pop., 1,089. Freedotn, p. v. in Beaver co.. Pa., on the Ohio R. and the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 21 nils. N. W. of Pittsburgh. Pop., 63-t. Freedom, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 449. Freedom, tn. in Blair eo., Pj. Pop., 1,020. Freedom, v. in Washington co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., 11 mis. W. of Jonesborough. The station is Limostoue. Freedom, tn. in Outagamie co.. Wis. Pop., 1,830. Freedom, p. o. in the above tn. Freedom, tn. iu Sauk co., Wis. Poii., 77S. Freedom Centre, p. o. in La Salle co., 111. Freedom ^lills, p. o. in Henry eo., Ohio. Freedom I^lalns, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y . on the Dutchess & Columbia R. R., ISUmls, N. E. of Fishkill. Freedom Station, p. v. in Portage co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 14 mis. W. of Leavittsburg. Freehold, tn. in Monmouth co., N. J. Pop., 4,231. ♦Freehold, p. v. in above tn. and the co. seat, on the Freehold & Jamesburgh R. R., lli^ mis. S. E. of Jamesburgh. The battle of Monmouth Court House was fought here in 1778, on the 28th of .June. Two newspapers. Freehold, p. v. in Greene eo., N. Y., on the Catskill Cr., 15 mis. N. W. of Catskill. Freehold, tn. in Warren co.. Pa. Pop., 1,316. Freehold, p v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. of Pittsfleld on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R. Freeland, p. v. in DeKalb co., 111., 4>^ mis. N. of Sandwich. Freeland, v. in Lucas co., Iowa, 48 mis. S. by E. of Des Moines. Freeland, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., on the Xorthern Central R. R., 7 mis. S. of Glenrock. Pop., 75. Freeland, p. o. in Carter co.. Mo. Freelandville, p. v. in Knox co., Ind., 4 mis. X. W. of Edward's Port on the White R. Freeman, p. o. in Clay co., Iowa. Freeman, tn. in Franklin co.. Me. Pop., 60S. Freeman, p. o. in the above tn. Freeman, tn. in Freeborn co., Minn. Pop., 094. Freeman, p. v. in Cass co.. Mo. Freeman, p. o. in Licking co., Ohio. Freeman, tn. in Crawford co., Wis. Pop., 1,27'.>. Freeman, p. o. in the above tn. Freemansbnrg'h, p. v. in Northampton co.. Pa., on the Lehigh & Susquehanna R. R. and tlie Lehigh Valley R. R., 3 mis. E. of Bethle- hem and on the Leliigh R. Pop., 643. Freeman's Landing:, p. v. in Hancock CO., W. Va., on the Ohio R., nearly opposite Sloaue's Station, Ohio. Freeman's Milli^i, p. o. in Guilford Co., N. G. Freemansville, p. o. in Milton co., Ga. Freemanton, p. v. in Effliig"liam co.. 111., on the Terre Haute & St. Louis R. R., 8 mis. W. S. W. of Effingham. Freeo, ]). v. in Ouachita co., .\rk. Freeport, p. o. in Sacramento co., Cal. *Freei>ort, city and the co. seat of Stephen- son CO., 111., on the Pekatonica R. and at the in- tersection of the Illinois Central R. R. with the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. and the West- ern Union R. R., 121 mis. W. N. W.. of Chicago antl 67 mis. S. E. of Dubuque. Has a beauti- ful location amidst fertile prairies, and is a nourishing place. Pop., 7,889 ; in 1360, 5,376. Four newspapers. Freeport, p. o. in Shelby co., Ind. Freeport, p. v. in Winneshiek eo., Iowa, on the Upper Iowa R., 3^ mis. E. of Decorah. Freeport, tn. in Cumberland co.. Me. Pop., 2,457. Freeport, p. v. in the above tn., on Casco B. and the Kennebec & Portland R. R., 17 mis. N. E. of Portland; has an excellent harbor and considerable commerce. Manufacturing and ship-building are also carried on. Freeport, p. v. in Queens eo., N. Y., on the South Side R. R. of Long Island, 12i^ mis. E. of Jamaica. Freeport, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 1.015. Freeport, p. v. in the above tn., 19 mis. W. S. W. of Cadiz. Freeport, v. in Wood co., Ohio, 25 mis. S. S. E. , of Toledo. Freeport, p. borough in Armstrong co., Pa. on the Alleghany R., on the Pennsylvania C» nal and the Pennsylvania R. R.,30 mis. N. E. of FREEPORT. 340 FRENCH CREEK. Pittsbiir."l^- It contains several factories. Pop., I,- R. R., '-H nils. N. E. of Fall River. Freetown, tn. in Cortland CO., N. Y. Pop., 906. Freetown Corners, p. v in Cortland co., N. Y., 6i<; mis. N. of Marathon. Free tTnion, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Freeville, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y^., at tlie crossing of the Southern Central R. R. witli the Ithaca Jx, Cortland R. R., 32 mis. from Au- .iurn. Pop., 50. FroR Will, p. o. in Osborne CO., Kans. Frei-Jtadt, p. o. in Ozaukee co., Wis. Frcl;i ig'liMysen,tn. in Warren CO., N.J. Pop., 1,113. Frelsb 'rg'li, p. v. in Colorado co., Tex., 13 nils, from C(5 'luiltus. Frenian, -i. in Woodruff co.. Ark. Pop., 487. Fremont, i. in (Juachita co., Ai'k. Pop., 245. Fremont, I ' in Santa Clara co., Cal. Pop., 2,018. Fremont, tn in Solano co., Cal. Pop., 640. Fremont, tn. m Yolo co., Cal. Pop., 91. Fremont, co. in Colo., S. central part. Pop., 1,061. It embraces a portion of tlie valley of tlie Arkansas R., and is bounded on the N. E. and the S. W. by lofty ranges of tlic Rocky Mts. The soil along the river is productive and by irrigation may be fitted for agricul- tural pursuits. Mining and stock raising are the princiyial pursuits. Canyon City is tlie CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5,511 bush.; Indian-corn, 16,585 bush.; oats, ^,096 bush.; butter, 6,125 lbs.; liay, 20 tons. Cash value of faims, $79,050. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $48,160. Value of manu- factures, $;57,900. Fremont, tn. in Lake co.. 111. Pop., 1,015. Fremont, tn. in Steuben co., Ind. Pop., 965. Fremont, p. v. in the above tn., on the De- troit, Hillsdale & Indiana R. R. and the Fort Wayne, .Jaclcson & Saginaw R. R., 8 mis. N. N. E. of Angola. Top., 392. Fremont, co. in Iowa, S. W. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 11,174; in 1860, 5,074. Tlie sur- face is diversified, the soil very fertile. It is bounded on the W, by the Missouri R., wliicli separates it from Nebraska, and is well drain- ed by affluents of the Missouri R. R. It is bounded on the S. by the Missouri. Sidney is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 81,521 bush.; rye, 470 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,650,- 863 bush.; oats, 58,122 bush.; Irish pot's, 66,206 bush.; sweet pot's, 100 bush.; wool, 7,991 lbs.; butter, 147,311 lbs.; hay, 1,686 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,769,850. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stoclc, etc., $2,110,845. Value of manufac- tures, $1,090,445. Fremont, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., OtG. Fremont, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 613. Fremont, tn. in Buchanan CO., Iowa. Pop., 554. Fremont, tn. in Butler CO., Iowa. Pop., 655. Fremont, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., 1,160. Fremont, tn. in Clarke co., Iowa. Pop., 484. Fremont, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 499. Fremont, tn. in Hamilton co., Iowa. Pop., 3'.)0. Fremont, tn. in .Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 965. Fremont, p. v. in Mahaska CO., Iowa, 15 mis. from Ottumwa. Fremont, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 307. Fremont, tn. in Winnesliiek co.,Iowa. Pop., 661. Fremont, tn. in Lyon co., Kans. Pop., 549. Fremont, p. o. in the above tn. Fremont, tn. In Saginaw co., Mich Pop., 17C. Fremont, tn. in Sanilac CO., Mich. Pop., 640. Fremont, p. o. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Fremont, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 064. Fremont, p. o. in Freeborn co., Minn. Fremont, tn. in Winona CO., Minn. Pop., 1,00(). *Fremont, p. v. and the co. seat of Dodge co., Nebr., on the Platte R. and on tlie Union Pa- cific R. R., wliicli at this place connects with the Fremont Division of the Sioux City& Pa- cific R. R. and the Fremont, Elkhorn & INIis- souri River R. R., 47 mis. N. W. of Omaha. Pop., 1,19.5. One newspaper. Fremont, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 527. Fremont, p. v. in the above tn., on Exeter R., 11 nils. \V. of E.xeter. Fremont, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 1,119. Fremont, tn. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pop., 2,218. Fremont, p. o. in Wayne co., N. C. *Fremont, city and the co. seat of Sandusky CO., Ohio, on the Sandusky R., at tlie liead of navigation, and on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 83 mis. W. of Cleveland. The railroad to Findlay branches off here. It has considerable commerce. Pop., 5,455; in 1860, 3,510. Three newspapers. Fremont, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Fremont, In. In Waupaca Co., Wis. Pop., 651. Fremont, p. v. in the above tn., 73^ mis. S. E. of Weyauwega. Fremont Centre, p. o. in Lake co., 111. Fremont Centre, p. v. in Newaygo co., Mich., 10 mis. N. W. of Newaygo. Fremont Centre, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., 3 nils. N. E. of Hankins on tlie Erie R. R. Freanonts Peak, one of the most elevated summits of the Wind River Mts., in Wyo. Ter., 13,570 feet high. French, new co. in Dak., N. part. The sur- face iiS rolling, and consists mainly of open prairies. The co. embraces a large portion ot .the Devil's Lake. French, tn. in Adams CO., Ind. Pop., 824. French Bar, p. o. in Lewis and Clarke co., Mont. French Broad River, rises near the W. base of the Blue Ridge, in Hemlerson co., N. C, flows N. W • through Buncombe co., passes through a narrow valley of the Unaka range into Washington co., Tenn., and flows W. tiirougli Greene co. It then forms the bound- ary between .Jefferson, Cocke aiu^ Sevier cos., intersects Knox co., and joins the Tennessee R. in Roane co. It is navigable to Dandridge, Jefferson co., Tenn. The scenery of its upper course is very fine. French Broad, p. o. in Buncombe co.^ N. C. Frenchburg^h, p. o. and the co. seat ot Meni- fee CO., Ky. French Camps, p. o. in Choctaw CO., Miss. French Corral, p. o. in Nevada co., Cal. French Creek, tn. in Edwards qo.. III. Pop., 1,132. French Creek, a tributary of the Alleghany R.. in Pa.; is formed by tlic junction of two branches in Erie co., S. of Waterford ; flows through Crawford co. .and empties into the Alleghany, near Franklin, Venango co. FRENCH CREEK. 341 FRIO. French Creek, tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 791. French €reek, p. o. in the above tn. French Creeli, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 973. French Creek, p. v. in the above tn., on the East Brand! of French Cr., an affluent of the AUegliany R.,9}4 mis. S. W. of Sherman. French Creek, In. in Mercer co., Pa. Pop., 999. French Creek, p. v. in the above tn., SJ^mls. W. of Utica. French Creek, tn. in Venango CO., Pa. Pop., 1,330. French Creek, p. v. in Upshur co., W. Va., 3(ii^ mis. S. of Clarksburgh. French Creek Church, p. o. in Bladen co., N. C. French Grove, p. o. in Peoria co., 111. French Onlch, p. v. in Shasta co., Cal., 12 mis. N W. of Shasta. French Gnlch, p. o. in Deer Lodge co., Mont. French Ha.y, p. o. in Hanover CO., Va. French I^ake, tn. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., French liake, p. o. in the above tn. French liick, tn. in Orange co., Ind. Pop., I,.'j99. French I<»iiit, p. o. in Pembina co.. Dak. Ter. Frohiiiv. 11. o. in Perry co., Mo. Froiiteiiao, p. v. in Gooilliue CO.. Minn., on Lake Pepin and near the St. Paul & Chicago II. R.. 18 mis. E. of Red 'Wing. It is a favorite resort of invalids and sportsmen on account of its fine scenery and ailvantagcs for fishing and luinting. Frontior, ]). o. in Hillsdale CO., Mich. Frontier, ]>. v. in Clinton co., N. Y., 5 mis. N. W. of Clnirubnsco on tlie Ogdensburg & Lake Chaniplain 1{. K. Front Koyal, tn. in Warren co., Va. Pop., 1.S7J. *Front Roynl, yi. v. in the above tn. and the eo. seat, on the Shenandoah R., and on a branch of the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 51 mis. W. of Manassas Jimction. Pop.. "('5, One newspaper. Frost, p. o. ill Pocahontas CO., W. Ya. *FrostI»nrsl», p. \-. in AUeghanv co.. Mil., on the CninlxTland it Pennsylvania K. 11., 18 mis. \V. of Cuml)erland. In the vicinity are coal mines. Frostbnr^fli. p. o. in Jefferson Co., Pa. Frost's Station, p. o. in Favette co.. Pa., on the Cniontown U. K., 5 mis. "E.ot Uniontown. Frnitland, tn. in Muskegon CO., Mich. Pop., Frnitland, p. o. in the above tn. Fruit land, v. in Burlington co., X. J., on the New .Jersey Soutliern R. R., 23 mis. S. K. of Camden. Frnit Plain, p. v. in Nortlmmberland CO., Ya. Fruitport, p. v. in Muskegon co., Mich., on the Chicago & Michigan Lake Shore R.R.,t> mis. X. AY. of Zunica. Frnniet. p. o. in Jetferson co., Mo. Fr.ybnrs-h, p. v. in Auglaize co., Ohio, 6 mis. S. K. of \Yapakonetta. Frybursh, p. v. in Clarion CO., Pa., lOJ^ mis. S. of Tionesta. Frybursli. v. in Lehigh CO., Pa., 10 mis. S. S. E. of Allentown. Fr.vebnrsrh, p. o. in \Viip;ht co.. Iowa. Fryebursh, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 1,507. *Fryebnrsli, p. v. in the above tn., on the Sneo i:. and tin- Port land & Ogdensburg R. R., 49 mis. X. \V. of Portland. Fryoburfj Centre, p. v. in Oxford co., Me., 4 mis. X. of tlie above village. Fryeburjr Academy Oraut, tn. in Oxford CO., IMe. P<^i).. ys. Fryer's Pond, p. o. m Burke eo., Ga. Fudsy's Crcelt, p. o. in Cabcil eo., \V. Ya. Fnjiit, tn. in Decatur co., Ind. Pop., l.fi^O. Fnida. p. v. in Spencer co., Ind., -23 mis. S. of .TasiKT. the co. seat. Fnldn. p. o. in Howard co., Ivans. Fiillkerson, tn. in Scott co., Ya. Pop., 1,576. Fiilkorson, p. o. in the above tn. Fulks Klin, p. o. in lioekinghani co., Ya. Fnllen's, p. v. in Greene co., Tenn., on the K.ist. Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., 9 mis. K. of Grecneville. Fnllorsbnrg'h, p. v. in Dn Page co., 111., near the Chieago, Burlington & Qnincy R. R., 18-% mis. W. of Chicago. Fuller's Point, p. v. in Coles co.. 111., 15 nils X. W. nf Mattoon. Fuller's Station, p. o. in Albany co., X. Y. Fullerton, p. o. in De Witt co., HI. Fullervillc Iron 'Works, p. v. in St. Law- rence CO., X. Y., 914 mis. S. F. of Gouverncur : has extensive iron works, and a population ot 149. Fulwood's Store, p. o. in Mccklenburgh co., X. C. Fulnier Valley, ]>. o. in .Vllogany co., N. Y. Fulton, p. o. in Sumter co., Ala Fulton, CO. in Ark., X. part. Area about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 4,S13: in 18C0, 4,024. It borders on the state of Mo. The surface is broken and hilly. Pilot Knob, an eminence near the co. seat, has a height of 445 feet over the neighboi- ing ^'alley. The eo. is drained by the Xorth Fork of VVhite R., Strawberry Cr.'and Spring R. Salem is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 18,491 bush,; Indian-corn, 141,9-25 bush.; oats, 10,598 bush. Irish pot's, 3.587 bush.; sweet pot's, 2 870 bush.; tobacco, 22,750 lbs.; cot- ton, 271; bales. Cash value of farms, $309,397. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, inekuling additions to stock, etc., iJsSll,- 437. Yalue of manufactures, $20,860. Fulton, V. in Hempstead co.. Ark., at the junc- tion of the Red and Little Rs., and on the Cairo & Fulton R. R., SI mis. S. W. of Rock- port. A plank road connects it with Camden, CO. scat of Ouachita co. Fulton, tn. in Polk CO., Ark. Pop., 198. Fultou, CO. Ill Ga., X. W. central part. Area about l.iO sq. mis. Pop., 33,446 ; in 1860, 14,427. It borders in the X. W. on the Chattahoochee R., by whose triljutaries it is drained. The surface is hilly and the soil mostly produc- tive. Atlanta" is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1S70: Wheat, 24,604 bush.; rye, 232 bush.; Indian-corn, 134,996 bush.; oats, 10,207 bush.; Irish jiot's, 10,002 bush.; sweet pot's. 31, .'>9S bush.; cotton, 866 l)ales ; butter, 43,^.>4 lbs., hay, 20 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,037,660. Total, estimated, value of all farm jn'oduc- tions, including additions to stoek, etc., $489, 052. Yalue of manufactures, .$2,001,965. Fulton, CO. in ill., central part. Area, 875 sq. mis. Pop., 38,291 ; in 1860, 33,338. The surface is gently undulating, the soil is cxccedinglj' rich, and contains large quantities of stone coal. It is boiuidetl on the E. by the Illinois R., which atl'ords opportunity for commerce. It is intersected by the Spoon R. The Quincy & Chicago R. R. and several others meet at Canton. "Lewistown is the co. scat. Agr. proiluetioAs in 1S70: Wlieat. 517.599 bush.; rye, 131,711 bush.; Indian-corn, l..")()-<.763 bush.; oa'ts, 261,390 bush.; Irish pot's, 9(;,J(i; bush.; sweet pofs. 1,(192 bush.: butter, 458,873 lbs.: hay, 27,- 515 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,213.5,31". To- tal, estimati;d, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,092,067. Value of manufactures, $1,286,689. Fulton, in. in Whitesides eo., HI. Pop., 2,162. *Fulton, p. V. in Whitesides CO., 111., on the Mississippi R. and the Chicago & Northwest- ern R. R., UV4 mis. \V. of Aiori'ison. Excellent shipping point. Pop., 1,875. One ne\vs])apcr. Fulton, "eo. in Ind.. X. central part. Area, 350 sq. mis. I'op., 12,717 ; in ISoO, 9,422, 'It is drained by the Tippecanoe R,, whose northern bank is"aeeoinpanied by a range of hills. The sur- faeo. witli iliis except ion, is level, and the soil very productive. Timber is abundant. Tlie Chieago, Cincinnati & Louisville R. R. pusses through the co. Rochester is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 278,145 bush.; rye, 4,942 bush.; Indian-corn, 142,084 bush.; oats, 38,909 bush,; Irish pot's, 41,897; sweet pot's, 187 bush,; butler, 229,108 lbs.; hay, 13,246 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,497,625. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., ifc)05,167. Value of manufactures, $152,179. FULTON. 343 FYFE LAKE. Fnlton, p. V. in Fulton co., Ind., 8 mis. S. of Rochester. Fulton, tn. in Fountain co., Inrl. Pop., 916. Fulton, p. V. in Jac.kson co., Iowa., 8 mis. N. of Maquoketii. Fulton, tn. in SJascatine co., Iowa. Pop., 1,270. Fulton, V. in the above tn., on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 16 mis. from Dav- enport. Pop., 150. The p. o. is Stockton. Fnlton, CO. in KJ^, S. W. part. Area, 200 sq. mis. Pop.. 6,161 ; in ISOO, 5,317. The surface is uneven, the soil generally fertile. Cattle are much raised. It forms the S. AV. extremity of the stale, and is separated from Mo. by the Mississippi R. Tlie Bayou de Chien is in the N. part and Line Lake "in the S. W. part. The Nashville & Northwestern R. R. terminates at Hickman, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 40,844 bush.; i-ye, 15 busli.; In- dian-corn, 438,014 bush.; oats, 2,945 busli.: Irish pot's, 5,630bush.; sweet pot's, 4,629 bush.; to- bacco, 383,636 lbs.; butter, 31,109 lbs.: haj', 665 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,994,1.54. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- clutling additions to stock, etc., $512,442. Value of manufactures, $152,576. Fnlton, tn. in Gratiot co., Mich. Pop., 1,170. Fnlton, p. V. in Kalamazoo co., Mich., S]^ mis. S. of Climax Prairie. Fulton, p. V. and the co. scat of Itawamba co., Miss., 16 mis. E. of Tupelo. Pop., 132. Fulton, tn. in Callaway co.. Mo. Pop., 4,.565. Fulton, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Louisiana Division of the Chicago & Alton R. R., 25 mis. N. of Jefl'erson. State asylums and the "Westminster College are lo cated here. It has earthenware fact ories, and istlie center of a prosperous grazing section. Pop., 1,585. Two newspapers. Fnlton, CO. in N. y., E. central part. Area about .500 sq. mis. Pop., 27,064; in 1860, 24,162. It lies N. of the Mohawk River Valley. East Canada Cr. intersects the N. W. corner and then forms part of the W. boundary. The Sacondaga R. passes throvigh the N. E. corner. The remainder of the co. is drained by small ti'ibutaries of the Mohawk. The surface is un- even and hillj-and gradually ascends from S. to N. The soil of the valleys is highly produc- tive and under good cultivation. A branch of the New York Central R. R. connects Glovers- ville with Fonda, Montgomery co. Johnstown is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,530 bush.; rye, 12,933 bush.; Indian-corn, 107,- 428 bush.; oats, 303,914 bush.; Irish pot's, 200, 949 bush.; wool, 56,761 lbs.; cheese, 255,473 lbs.; butter, 667,152 lbs.; hay, 54,862 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,772,385. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,053,662. Principal products Fnlton, tn. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Pop., 2,703 mis. S. W. of Chicago and 44 mis. >f. E. of Burling- ton, Iowa. The branch roads to Peoria and to Quincy diverge from here. It is the seat of Knox College and Lombard College ; has a female school and excellent public schools. The surroundinjj district is noted for its great fertility. It has the locomotive and car works of the railroad company and several other extensive manufactories. Pop., 10,156; in 1860, 4,953. Five newspapers. Oalesbnr^h, p. v. in Jasper eo., Iowa, 10 mis. S. by E. of Newton Oalesbnrg'h, p. v. in Xeoslio co., Kans., on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. E,., IS mis. from Parsons. *C3ralesburgli, p. v. in Kalamazoo co., Mich., on the Kalamazoo A. and the Michigan Central R. R.. '.) mis. E. of Kalamazoo. Pop., 140. Cralesbnrg:h, p. o. in Jasper, co., Mo. Oale's Ferry, p. v. in New London co., Conn., on the E. bank of the Thames R., opposite Uncasville. Gales Town, p. o. in Dorchester co., Md. <>alesville, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., 5 m!s. E. of Schuylerville on the Hudson R. Galesville, p. v. in Douglas CO., Oreg., 40 mis. S. of lloseburgh. *GalesvIlle, p. v. and the co. seat of Trem- pealeau co.. Wis., 7 mis. N. E. of Trempealeau, on the railroad from La Crosse to Winona, Minn. It lies on Beaver Cr., a tributary of the Black R., and is the seat of the Calesville Univeisity. Pop., 1,068. One newspaper. Gale^'iHe Mills, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. Oalien, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pol^., S56. Oalien, p. v. in the above tn., on the Michigan Central R. R-., 14 nils. W. of Niles. Galilee, tn. in Manitou co., Mich. Pop., 203. Galilee, p. o. in Wayne co., Pa. *Galloii, p. V. in Crawford eo., Ohio, at the in- tersection of the Cleveland, Columbus & Cin- cinnati R. R. with the Atlantic & Great West- ern R. R., SO mis. S. W. of Cleveland, 7 mis. S. of Crestline and 58 nals. N. of Columbus. Pop., 3,528. Two newspapers. Galivant's Ferry, p. o. in Horry district, S.C. GallaiKl's Grove, tn. in Shelby co., Iowa. Pop., 692. Gallant Green, p. o. in Charles co., Md. Gallanher, tn. in Clinton co.. Pa. Pop., 252. Gallatia, tn. in Saline Co., 111. Pop., 1,319. Gallatia, p. o. in Saline co.. 111. Gallatin, co. in Ky., N. part. Area, 160 sq. mis. Pop., 5,074 ; in 1860, 5,056. The surface is hilly ; the soil is thin and not fertile. It is separated from Ind. on the N. by the Ohio R., and i'S bounded by the Eagle Cr. on the S. Warsaw is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 46,675 bush.; rye, 5,140 bush.; In- dian-corn, 277,140 bush.; oats, 23,890 bush.; Irish pot's, 32,070 bush.; sweet pot's, 120 bush.; hay, 2,133 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,046,600. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $420,- 300 Value of manufactures, $130,898. Gallatin, CO. In 111., S. E. part. Area, 310 sq. mis. Pop., 11,134 ; in 1860, 8,0,55. The surface is generally level ; the soil fertile. On the banks of Saline Cr., which flows through the S. part, are salt springs. It is separated on the E. from Ind. by the Wabash R. and from Ky. by the Ohio R. The Illinois Southern R. R. touches the N. W. corner and two other local routes at Shawnectown. Shawneetown is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 83,093 bush.; rye, 512 bush.; Indian-corn, 509,- 491 bush.; oats, 27,164 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,- 657 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,016 bush.; butter, 7,953 lbs.; hay, 2,252 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,795,0(5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $66.5,821. Value of manufactures, $288,333. Gallltan, tn. in Clay co., Mo. Pop., 2,241. ^Gallatin, p. v. and the co. seat of Daviess CO., Mo., 1 mle. S. W. of Grand R. and on the Chicago & Southwestern R. R., 21 mis. N. W. of ChilUcothe. Center of a grazing region. Pop. about 500. Two newspapers. Gallatin, co. in Mont., S. pait. Pop., 1,578. It is bounded on the S. by the territories of Idaho and AVvo. Ter.; on the E. partly by the Yellowstone R.. and on the N. W. by'the Jef- ferson Fork and the Missouri R. With the ex- ception of the eastern extremity, it lies en- tirely in the Rocky Mts. Broail and lofty ranges of these mountains occupy by far the largest portion of its surface, and are sepa- rated from each other by picturesque and fer- tile valleys. Two principal ranges may be dis- tinguished. One extends along the western boundary of the co., between the ISIadison R. and the AVest Gallatin R., and the other sepa- rates the valley of the Gallatin R. from that of the Yellowstone R. It includes the valleys of the East Gallatin, and many small streams flowing eastward into the Yellowstone or westward into the West Gallatin. Doze- man is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 87,676 bush.; rye, 575 bush.; Indian- corn, 8 bush.; oats, 68,520 bush.: Irish pot's, 13,388 bush.; butter, 58,2w lbs. Cash value or farms, $117,343. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including aclditions to stock, etc., $367,112. Value of manufactures, $267,829. Gallatin, p. v. in Gallatin co., Mont. Ter., at the junction of the Gallatin and Jefl'erson Forks and the Missouri R., 35 mis. N. of Bozeman. Pop., 53. Gallatin, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 1,416. ^Gallatin, p. v. and the co. seat of Sumner co., Tenn., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 2o mis. N. E. of Nashville. It is a prosperous place, and contains several academies and manufactories. Pop., 2,123. T^vo newspapers. Gallatinville, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., 10 mis. S. ^V. of the Copake Iron Works on the Harlem R. R. Gallandet, p. v. in Marion co.. Ind., on the In- dianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of Indianapolis, Gallaway, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Gallaway's Station, p. o. in Osage co.. Mo. Gallia, co. in Ohio, S. E. part. Area, 425 sq. nils. Pop., 25,545 ; in 1860, 22,043. The co. is on the Virginia liorder, from which it is separat- ed by the Ohio R. Its surface is hilly, and the soil "not particularly fertile. Its pi'inciijal stream is Raccoon Cr., which flows southerly, and empties into the Ohio. Gallipolis Is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 192,- 558 bush.; rye. 1.7.55 bush.; Indian-corn, 626,033 bu.sh.; oats, 135,688 bush.; Irish pot's, 132,358 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,652 bush.; butter, 438,623 lbs.; hay, 12,297 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,476,596. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,447,320. Value of manufactures, $1,- 186,298. Gallia Furnace, p. v. in Gallia co., Ohio, 7 mis. S. E. of Oak Hill. Gallipolis, tn. in Gallia co., Ohio. Pop., 4,579. ^Gallipolis, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Ohio R., 25 mis. E. S. E. of Oak Hill on the Portsmouth Branch of the Mari- etta & Cincinnati R. R., 267 mis. below Pitts- burgh and 86 mis. above Portsmouth. It haa steam flouring mills, tanneries, a woollen fac- tory, etc. Pop., 3,711. Two newspapers. Gallitzin, tn. in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 977. Gallitzin, p. v. in the above tn., on the Penn- sylvania Central R. R., 12 mis. S. W. of Al- toona. Gallnian, p. o. in Copiah co.. Miss. Galloway, tn. in Atlantic co., N. J. Pop., 2,850. Galloway, p. o. in La Salle co.. 111. GALLOWAY. 346 GARFIELD. Galloway, tn. in Christian co., Mo. Pop., 4S0. Oallnuville, p. v. in Scholiario co., N. \.,G nils. E. of Schoharie. Gaily RocU, tn. in Pope CO., Ark. Pop., 1,163. Gaily Bock, tn. in Yell co.. Ark. Pop., 687. Galtl p. o. in Sacramento co., Cal. Gait, p. V. in Wliitesides co., 111., on the Chica- f;o & Northwestern R. R., 3 mis. from Ster- ling:. Gait's Mills., p. o. in Amherst co., Va. Galain, p. o. in Perry co.. 111. Galva, tn. in Henry co.. 111. Pop., 3,096. ♦Galva, p. V. in the ahove tn., at the intersec- tion of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. with the Peoria & Rock Island R. R., Ill mli. W. S. W. of Chicago and 23 mis. N. E. of Galcsburg. Is a prosperous agricultural place. Pop., 2,160. Two newspapers. Galveston, p. v. in Cass co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R , 161^ mis. S. E. of Logansport. Pop., 390. Galveston, co. in Tex., E. part. Area, 200 sq. mis. Pop., 15,290; in 1860, 8,229. The surface is level ; the soil sandy. Bounded N. and E. by Galveston B. and S. by the Gulf of Mexico. Galveston is the co. seat. Agr. productions inlSTO: Indian-co^, 2,905 bush.: Irish pot's, 384 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,205 bush.; butter, 2,- 175 lbs ; hay, 213 tons. Cash value of farms, $245,000. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $77,211. Value of manufactures, $1,214,- 814. ^Galveston, citv,port of entry and co. seat of Galveston co., Tex.; is the soutli-eastern ter- minus of the Galveston, Houston & Hender- son R. R., 50 mis. from Houston. It is situ- ated at the eastern extremity of Galveston Island, which separates the bay of the same name from the gulf. A line of steamboats connects it with New Orleans, 450 mis. di.s- tant. It lias the best harbor on the Texas coast, admitting vessels not drawing over 14 feet ; a fine town hall, market liouse and the- atre, and is the seat of the Catholic University of St Mary's. The exports in 1870 amounted to $25,800,385, mostly cotton. Pop., 13,818; in 1^60,7,307. Twelve newspapers. Gal way, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,174. Galway, p. v. in the above tn., 9>^ mis. W. of 15a Is ton. Galway, p. v. in Fayette co., Tenn., near Gal- lowuv Station on tlie Mempliis & Louisville R. R., -is' nils. S. \V. of Brownsville.^ Gamaliel, p. o. in Monroe Co., Ky. *Ganil>ier, p. v. in Knox CO., Oliio, on the Ver- non It., 5 mis. E. of Mt. Vernon; is the seat of Konvon College. Pop., .580. Gamble's, p. o. in Alleghany co., Pa. Gamble's Store, p. v. m Blount CO., Tenn., 8 luls. from Maryville. Game Hill, p.'o. in Franklin co., Ark. Ganges, In. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., 1,255. Ganges, p. v. in the above tn., near the shore of Lake Michigan, (>\4 mis. S. of Saugatuck. Ganges, p. v. in Richland CO., Ohio, 6 mis. E. of Shell)V. Gang ]VIills, p. o. in Herkimer co., N. Y. Ganier, tn. in Kankakee co., 111. Pop., 1,582. Gann, p. o. in Knox co., Ohio. Gano. ]). o. in Butler co., Ohio. t..ansevoort, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., on the Saratoga & Whitehall R. R., loj^ mis. N. E. of Saratoga Springs. Gansvllle, p. o. in Winn parish. La. Gap, p. o. in Walker co., Ala. Gap, tn. in Montgomery co.. Ark. Pop., 528. Gap, p. v. iu Lancaster CO., Pa., on the Penn- sylvania Central R. R., 17 mis. E. of Lancas- ter. Gap €ivil, p. o. and the co. seat of Alleghany CO., X. (;., 3s mis. S. W. of Wytheville, Va., and in a magniflcent valley W. of the Blue Ui Igf. Ga2> t'rPcU, p. o. in A.she CO., N. C. Gap CreeU, p. o. in Knox CO., Tenn. Gap Grove, p. v. in Lee co., 111., 5 mis. W. of Dixon. Gap :71ills. p. o. in Monroe co., W. Va. Gap Rnn, )). o. in Carter co., Tenn. Gapsville, p. o. in Fulton co.. Pa. Garber's Mills, p. o. in "Washington co., Tenn. Gar Creek, p. o. in Allen co., Ind. Garden, p. o. in Delta co., Mich. Garden, p. o. in Atliens CO., Ohio. Garden, tn. in Buchanan CO., Va. Pop., 1,045. Garden €ity, p. o. in Harvey co., Kans. Garden City, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop.. 1,391. Garden City, p. v. In the above tn., 12 mis. S. W. of South Bend. Pop., 36.5. Garden Cottage, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ky. Garden Grove, tn. in Decatur co., Iowa. Pop., 8.59. Garden Grove, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chariton Branch of Burlington & Missouri River R. R., 10 mis. N. E. of Leon. One news- paper Garden Grove, p. o. in Ralls co.. Mo. Garden Plain, tn. in Whitesidesco.,Dl. Pop., 1,091. Garden Plains, p. o. in Wliitesides cOy 111. *Garden Prairie, p. v. in Boone co., 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 6 mis. E. of IJelvidere. Garden Prairie, p. o. in Boone co.. Iowa. Garden Prairie, p. o. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Garden Valley, p. o. in El Dorado co., Cal. Garden Valley, p. o. in Macon co., Ga. Garden Valley, p. o. in Smith co., Tex. Garden Valley, tn. in Jackson co., Wis. Pop., 678. Gardenville, p. v. in Eric co., N. Y., near the ButTalo & Washington R. R., 6^ mis. K. S. E. of Buffalo. Gardenville, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., 5 mis. from Dovlestown. Gardiner, tn. in Kennebec co.. Me. Pop., 4,497. ♦Gardiner, city in Kennebec cu.. Me., at the junction of the Cobljcssecontee R. with the Kennebec R. and on tlie Portland & Kennebec R. R., 7 mis. S. of Augusta ; has numerous manufactories, for which the rapid descent of tlie Cobbessecontee R. affords ainiile water- power. Pop., 4,496 ; in 18t)0, 4,487. Two news- papers. Gardiner, tn. in Ulster CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,99L Gardiner, p. o. in the above tn. Gardiner, p. v. in Douglas co., Oreg., 19 mis. W. of Scottsville. Gardner, p. o. in Huerfano co., Colo. ♦Gardner, p. v. in Grundv co.. III., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 13 mis. -S. W. of Wil- mington. Pop., 940. One new.spaper. Gardner, tn. in Sangamon co.. III. Pop., 1,270. Gardner, tn. in Johnson co.. Kans. Pop., 914. Gardner, p. v. in the above tn., on the L<'aven- worth. Lawrence & Galveston R. R., 30 nils, from Kansas City. Pop. about 300. Gardner, tn. in" Worcester CO., Mass. Pop., 3,333. Gardner, p. v. in the al>ove tn., 1 mle. N. of South Gardner on the Vermont & Massachu- setts, and Worcester & Gardner R. Rs., 15 mis. W. of Fitchburg. Large chair manufactories. One newspaper. Gardner, tn. in Door co., AVis. Pop., 403. Gardner's Ford, p. o. in Cleveland co., N. O- Gardner's Station, p. v. of the v. of Gard- ner in Weaklev co., Tenn., on the Nashville »t Northwestern R. R., 11 nils. N. W. of Dres- d.-n. Gardnersville, p. o. in Pendleton co., Ky. Gardnersville, v. in Schoharie co., N. Y., 5]^ mis. N. W. ofCobleskill. Gard's Point, p. o. in Wabash co.. 111. Garfield, p. o. in La Salle co.. 111. Garfield, p. o. in Pawnee co., Kans. GARFIELD. 347. GATES. Garfield, p. o. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Garibaldi, p. v. in Keokuk co., Iowa., 6 mis. from Siffouruej'. Garibaldi, p. o. in Tillamook co., Oreg. Garland, p. v. in Butler CO., Ala., on the Alobile & Montgomery R. R., 22 mis. S. S. W. of Greenville. Garland, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 1,3 16. Garland, p. v. in the above tn., S mis. from Dexter. Garland, p. v. in Warren co.. Pa., on the Dunkirk, AUeghanv Valley & Pittsburgh R. R., 50 mis. S. E. of Erie. Garland, p. o. in Tipton co., Tenn. Garlandville, p. v. in Jasper co., Miss., 15 mis. from Paulding. Garly, p. o. in Cloud co.j Kans. Garnian's Mills, p. o. in Cambria CO., Pa. GarnaTillo, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,-J20. *GarnaTillo, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. E. of Elkailer and 13 mis. S. 8. W. of JilcGregor. Garner, tn. in Union co., Ai'k. Pop., 453. Garner, p. o. in Cass co., 111. Garner, p. v. in Hancock co., Iowa, on Iowa & Dakota Division of Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 31 mla. from Algona and 21 mis. from Mason City. One newspaper. Garner's Ford, v. in Cleveland co., N. C. Garners Station, p. o. in "White co., Ark. Garner's Station, p. v. in Yalabusha co., Miss., on the Mississippi & Tennessee R. R., 12 mis. N. N. W. of Grenada. *Garnett, p. v. and the co. seat of Anderson CO., Kans., on the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., 25 mis. S. of Ottawa. It lies on the S. Pork of the Ottawattomie Cr., and is a place of growing importance. Pop., 1,219. One newspaper. Garnettsville, p. v. in Meade co., Ky., 10 mis. from Brandenbui-gh. Garog'a, p. v. in Fulton co., N. Y., 11 mis. N. W. of Fonda. Garrard, co. in Kv., central part. Area, 240 sq. mis. Pop., 10,376 ; in 1860, 10,531. The sur- face is hilly; the soil very fertile. Cattle lire raised extensively. The Kentiicky R. bounds it on the N., Dicks R. on the W. and Paint Lick Cr. on the E. Lancaster is the co. Seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 83,830 bush.; rye, 25,207 bush.; Indian-corn, 578,887 bush.; oats, 84,456 bush.; Irish pot's. 14.165 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,106 bush.; butter, 86,842 lbs.; hay, 1,837 tons. Cash value of farms, ({3,777,902. Total, estimated, value of all fai-m produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $652,- 304. Value of manufactures, $183,259. Garrattsville, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y.,8 mis. N. by E. of Morris. Garretsoh's l.anding', p. o. in Jefferson co.. Ark. Garrett, tn. in Douglas co.. 111. Pop , 1,-599. Garrett, p. o. in Meade eo., Ky. Garrett, a new co. in Md., forming the west- ern extremity of the state. The Potomac R. forms the southern boundary, and the Yough- iogheny R. drains the western part. The'co. is traversed by several ranges of the Alle- ghany Mts. Garrett, p. o. in Somerset co.. Pa. Garrettford, p. v. in Delaware co., Pa. Garrettsburgh, p. v. in Christian co., Ky., 13 mis. .S, of Ilopkinsvillc, the CO. seat. Garrettsburgb, p. o. in Buchanan CO., Mo. ♦"Garrettsville, ]•>. v. in Portage co.. Ohio, on Mahonina; R. and the Mahoning Division of the Atlaiitie & Great Western R. R., 36 mis. S. E. of Cleveland. Pop., 658. One newspaper. Garrison, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Garrison Point, p. o. in Walker co., Ala. Garrison's, p. v. in Putnam co., N. Y., on the Hudson R. and the Hudson River R. R., 814 mis. N. of Peekskill. It is the station for West Point. Garrisonville, p. v. in Stafford co., Va., on Acquia Cr., 8 mis. X. W. of Accokeek. Pop. about 1,500. Garrote, p. o. in Tuolumne co., Cal. Garrott, p. o. in Overton co., Tenn. Garry Owen, p. v. in Jackson co., Iowa, 15 mis. S. of Dubuque. Gartsides, p. v. in St. Clair co.. 111., on the St, Louis, B,-lleville & South Illinois R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of East St. Louis. Garvins, p. o. in Sun Flower co.. Miss. Garysburgta, p. v. in Northampton co., N. C, on the Petersburgh & Weldon R. R., and the Seaboard & Roanoke R. R. Gary's Store, p. o. in Buckingham co., Va. Garysville, p. o. in Prince George co., Va. Garzas Crossing, p. o. in Bexar co., Tex. Gasconade, co. in Mo., E. central part. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 10,093; in 1860, 8,727. It borders in the N. on the Missouri R., and is drained by the Gasconade and the Bourbeuse Rs. The surface is hilly and broken ; the soil of the river vallej-s very productive, while that of the hill slopes is well adapted to grape culttire, which is extensively carried on. Hermann is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 22-2,850 bush., rve, 7,414 bush.; Indian-corn, 260,178 bush.; oats^ 103,717 bush.; Irish pot's, 31,738 bush.; sweet pot's. 767 bush.; tobacco, 5,810 lbs.; butter, 82,600 Ibs.j hay, 3,264 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,941,185. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $876,- 764. Value of manufactures, $178,068. Gasconade, v. in Gasconade co., Mo., on the Missouri R. and the Missouri Pacific R. R., 7 mis. W. of Hermans. Gasconade City, p. v. in Gasconade co.. Mo., 4 nils, from Gasconade. • Gasconade Ferry, p. o. in Gasconade CO., Mo. Gas Jet, p. o. in Humboldt co., Cal. Gasconade River, a tributary of the Mis- souri R., in Mo.: is formed bv several branches which rise in Wright co. Its general course is N. N. E., and has much picturesque scen- ery on its banks. It empties in Gasconade co', 40 mis. below .Jeflferson City. During the season of high water it is navigable for up- ward of 50 mis. Gaskill, tn in Jefferson co.. Pa. Pop., 478. Gasliill's Corners, p. o. in Tioga Co., N Y. Gasnold, tn. in Dukes co., Mass. Pop., 99. Gasper, tn. in Preble co., Ohio. Pop., 895. Gasport, p. v. in Niagara CO., N. V., on the >few York Central R. R. and the Erie Canal, mis. E. of Lockport. Gassett's Station, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt., on tlie Rutland & Burlington R. R., 18 mis. N. W. of Bellows Falls. ,^ Gaston, p. o. in Sumter co., Ala. Gaston, CO. in N. C, S. W. part. Area, 3.50 sq. mis. Pop.. 12,602 ; in 1860, 9.307. The surface is diversified ; the soil is fertile. It is bounded S. by S. C. The Catawba R. passes along the E. part, and the central part is drained by the Little Catawba R. Dallas is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 64,468 bush.; rye, 3.620 bush.: Indian-corn, 338,023 bush.; oats, 79,- 717 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,288 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,415 bush.; cotton, 762 bales; butter, 89,892 lbs.: hav, 271 tons. Cash v.alue of farms, $1,- 294,000. "Total, estimated, value of all farm laroductions, including additions to stock, etc., $817,672. Value of manufactures, $201,037. Gaston, p. o. in Washington co., Oreg. Gaston, p. o. in Lewis co., W. Va. Gatchellville, p. o. in York co.. Pa. Gates, p. o. in Tuscola co., Mich. Gates, p. o. in Newton co., Mo. Gates, p. o in Madison eo.. Nebr. Gates, CO. in N. C, N N. E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 7,724 ; in 1860, 8,483. The surface is generally level ; the soil in the W. part is fer- tile. The co. is bounded N. by Va. and W. by Chowan R. Gatesville is the co. seat. Aer. GATES. 348 GENESEO. ■Droductions in 1870: Wheat, 9,412 bush.; rye, 121 bush.; Indian-corn, 158,070 bush.; oats, 6,915 bush.; Irish pot's, 0,500 bush.; sweet pot's, 51,- 18(i bush.; butter, 3,510 lbs. Cash value of farms. $151,750. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $311.i079, Value ot manufactures, $12,750. Oates, tn. in Monroe co., K. Y. Pop., 3,511. Gates, p. o. in the above tn. Gate's Mills, p. v. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio, 8]4 mis. S. of Willou^hby. Gatesville, p. o. in (jlay co., Kans. GatesvlUe, p. v. and thcco. seat of Gates co., N. C, in mis. S. of Suffolk, Va. Pop., 150. Gatesville, p. v. and the co. scat ot Coryell CO., Tex., on Leon R., 38 mis. W. of Waco and 80 N. of Austin. In an agricultural and stock- raising section. One newspaper. Gatewood, p. o. in Kipleyco., Mo. Gatlinburg'b, p. o. in Sevier co., Tcnn. Gauley Bridge, p. v. in Fayette co., W. Va., on the Gauley li. and 20 inls. from Kanawha Court House. Ganley Mountains, a range in Randolph and Pocahontas cos., VV. Va., trending S. E. and N. W., anel occupying tlic region between the Gauley and Great Kanawha lis. Little Gauley Mt. is further W., between Elk and Great Kanawha Rs. Ganley River, a tributary of the Great Kana- wha R., W. Va.; rises in the Gaulej"^ Mts., Poca- hontas CO., and flows through Randolph, Nicholas and Fayette cos. Gavers, p. o. in Columbiana co., Ohio. Gavilan Mountains, one of the coast ranges of Cal.; lie in Monterey co., S. of the Pajaro R.,and trend from the N.W. to the S.E. Their highest summit is the Pacheco Peak, 2,845 feet above the sea level. Gay, tn. m Taylor co., Iowa. Pop., 248. Gay Head, tii. in Dukes co., Mass. Pop., 100. Gay Mead, p. o. in the above tn. Gayliead, p. o. in Greene co., N. Y. Gay Blill, p. o. in Washington co., Tex. Gaylesviile, p. v. in Cherokee Co., Ala., 19 mis. S. E. of Jacksonville. Gay lord, p. o. in Smith co., Kans. Gaylordsville, p. v. in Litchlield co.. Conn., on the Housatonic R. and R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of New Milford. Gaynorville, p. o. in Decatur co., Ind. Gayoso, tn. in Pemiscot CO., Mo. Pop., 403. Gayoso, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, near the Mississippi R. at Walker's Bend, and 50 nils. S. S. W. of Charleston. One news- paper. Gaysville, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt., 5 mis. S. •W. of Bethel. Gay villc, p. o. in Yankton co., Dak. Gazelle, p. o. in Siskiyou co., Cal. Gearey, tn. in Roane co., W. Va. Pop., 950. Geary, p. v. in Doniphan co., Kans., on the Missouri R., 20 mis. from St. John's. Pop., 102. Geary, p. o. in Clinton co., Midi. Geary, p. o. in Westmoreland co.,Pa. Geaug'a, co. in Ohio, N. E. part. Area, 425 sq. nils. I'op.. 14,190 ; in 1800, 15,^17. The surface is undulating and the soil well adapted for grazing. Its streams are the Cuyahoga, Grand and Chagrin Rs. Chardon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 04,814 bush.; rye, 4,980 bush.; Indian-corn, 179,310 busli.; oats, 337,086 bush.; Irish pot's, 185,731 bush.; sweet pot's, 31 bush.; butter, 019,742 lbs.; hay, 39,160 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,047,181. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $2,087,878. Value of manufactures, $951,481. Gebliarts, p. o. in Somerset co., Pa. Geddes, tn. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 4,505. Geddes, p. v. in the above tn., near the S. W. end of Onondaga Lake on the New York Cen- tral R. R., 5 mis. W. of Syracuse. Large quantities of salt are produced here. Pop., a,629. Geetingsville, p. v. in Clinton co., Ind., 16 mis. from Delphi. Geiger's Mills, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Geistown, p. o. in Cambria co., Pa. Gem, p. o. in Clayton co., Iowa. General Wayne, p. o. in Montgomei"y co., Pa. Genesee, tn. in Whitesides co., 111. Pop., 1,271. Genesee, eo. in Mich., E. central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 33,900; in 1800, 22,498. The surface is level : the soil fertile. It is inter- sected by the Flmt R., and is drained by branches of the same. The Detroit & Milwau- kee R. R. traverses the S. W. part. Flint is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 553,133 bush.; rye, 992 bush.; Indian-corn, 320,- 037 bush.; oats, 410,501 bush.; Irish pot's, 288,- 829 bush.; wool, 375,877 lbs.; butter, 910,870 lbs.; hay, 48,041 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,671,- 110. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,029,892. Total value of manufactures, $3,860,- 508. Genesee, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,666. Genesee, tn. in Kandiyohi co., Minn. Pop., 301. Genesee, co. in N. Y., N. W. part. Area about 475 sq. mis. Pop., 31,000 ; in I860, 32,189. The surface is slightly undulating, and the soil productive. The co. is draineel by the Tona- wanda R., a tributary of Niagara R., Allen's Cr. and Oak Orchard" Cr., and intersected by several branches of the New York Central R. R. Batavia is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 722,374 bush.; rye, 2,086 bush.; Indian-corn, 428,710 bush.; oats, 509,690 bush.; Irish pot's, 275,717 bush.; wool, 461,337 lbs.; cheese, 86,246 lbs.; butter, 883,721 lbs.; hay, 00,- 144 tons. Cash value of farms, $21,1^5,070. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including ailditions to stock, etc., $1,- 080,080. Value of manufactures, $1,790,145. CSenesee, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., Genesee, tn. in Potter co.. Pa. Pop., 767. Gojiesec, tn. in Waukesha co., Wis. Pop., 1,402. Genesee, p. v. in the above tn., 1^^ mle. from Genesee Depot. Genesee Depot, p. v. in Waukesha co.. Wis., near the IMiUvaukee & St. Paul R. R., 7 mis, S. W. of Waukesha. Genesee Falls, tn. in Wyoming co., N. Y. Pop., 9'.)7. Genesee Fork, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. Genesee Grove, v. in Whitesides co., 111., 12 mis. N. \V. of Sterling. Genesee River rises in Potter co.. Pa., flows N. N. W. to beyond Caneadea, Allegany co., N. Y'., where it turns N. N. E., and alter pass- ing through Livingston and Monroe cos.", emp- ties into Lake Ontario, 7 mis. N. of Rochester, It has falls of about 100 feet high at Rochester, and also near the mouth. Other falls of less elevation are in the upper part of its course. Genesee Village, p. o. in Genesee co., Mich. Geneseo, tn. in Henry co. 111. Pop., 4,081. *Geneseo, p. v. in "Henry co.. 111., on the Chicago & Rock Island R. R., 1.59 mis. W. of Chicago and 23 mis E. of Rock Island. It is surrounded by a fertile prairie. Pop., 3,040. Onenewspape'r. Geneseo, tn. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa. Pop. 240. Geneseo, tn. in Tama co., Iowa. Pop., 580. Geneseo, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop., 3,032. *GeneseOj p. v. in the above tn., and the co. seat, on tlie Genesee R. and the Avon, Genesee & Mt. Morris R. R., d]4 mis. S. by W. of Avon; has an excellent academy and man.y tine buildings. Pop. about 2,000. One news"paper. GENEVA. 349 GEORGETOWN. Geneva, co. in Ala., S. part, borclering on Fla. Area about ^50 sq. mis. Pop., 2,959. The sur- face i.s generally level or slightly undulating ; the soil sandy and moderately productive. The Pea R. and several branches of the Ohoc- tawhatchee R. drain the co. Geneva is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Indian- corn, 53,612 bush.; oats, 4,990 btish.; Irish pot's, 494 bush.; sweet pot's, 22,039 bush.; butter, 13,- 121 lbs.; cotton 420 bales. Cash value of farms, $125,304. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $261,548. tieiieva, p. v. and the co. seat of Geneva co., Ala., 80 mis. S. of Troy. Pop., 126. Geneva, ]). v. in Talbot co., Ga., on the South- western R. R., 20 mis. W. of Butler. Geneva, tn. in Kane co., 111. Pop., 1.829. •Geneva, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Pox R. and the Chicago & Northwest- ern R. R., 36 mis. W. of Chicago. A railroad connects it with Aurora. Manufactories of farming implements. Pop. about 1,200. One newspaper. Geneva, p. o. in Adams co., Ind. Geneva, tn. in Jennings co., Intl. Pop., 2,037. Geneva, tn. in Franklin co., Iowa. Pop., 445. Geneva, ]i v. in the above tn., on the Central R. R. of Iowa, 9 mis. N. of Ackley. Geneva, tn. in Allen co., Kans. Pop., 6,34. Geneva, p. v. in the above tn., 60 mis. S. W. of Ottawa. Geneva, p. o in Lenawee co., Mich. Geneva, tn. in Tiiscola co., Mich. Pop., 152. Geneva, tn. in Van Buren co., Mich. Pop., 1,086. Geneva, tn. in Freeborn co., Minn. Pop., 378. Geneva, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. N. of Albert Lea. Geneva, p. o. in Fillmore co., Nebr. •Geneva, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., at the norihcrn extremity of Seneca Lake and on the New York Central R. R., 199 mis. W. of Albany and 43J^ mis. W. of Syracuse ; is a beautiful place, and the seat of Hobart Free College, under the direction of the Episcopalians, and of a medical institute. Steamboats run be- tween Geneva and Jefferson, at the head of the lake. Pop., 3,521. Two newspaper. Geneva, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 2,298. Geneva, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore R. R., 91^ mis. W. of Ashtabula. Pop., 1,090. One newspaper. Geneva, tn. in "Walworth co.. Wis. Pop., 1,0.50. •Geneva, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. of Springfield on the Fox River Branch of Chicago & Northwestern R. R., and at the eastern extreinity of Geneva Lake. Pop., 997. Two newspapers. Genevia, p. o. in Henderson co., Ky. *Genito, p. o. of Powhatan, v. in Powhatan co., Va., on the Richmond & Danville R. R., 19 mis. W. of Richmond. Genoa, tn. in De Kalb co.. 111. Pop., 993. Genoa, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. of Syca- more. Genoa, p. V. in Wayne co., Iowa., 15 mis. S. E. of Corydon. Pop., 87. Genoa, tn. in Livingston co., Mich. Pop., 992. Genoa, p. v. m the above tn., on the Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R., 6]/. nils. S. E. of Howell. Genoa, p. o. in Olmstead co., Minn. Genoa, p. v. in Platte co., Nebr., 20 mis. W. of Columbus. Genoa, p. v. and the co. seat of Douglas co., Nev., 38 mis. S. of Reno. Pop., 482. Genoa, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y, Pop., 2,295. Genoa, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. S. of Au- burn. Genoa, p. v. in Ottawa co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 13 mis. S. E. of Toledo. Lime and lumber trade. Pop., 558. One newspaper. Genoa, tn. in Delaware 00., Ohio. Pop., 1,050. Genoa, v. in Pickaway co., Ohio, 14 mis. S. of Columbus. Genoa, tn, in Vernon co.. Wis. Pop., 685. Genoa, p. o. in the above tn. Genoa Blnff, p. v. in Iowa co., Iowa, 7 mis. S. "^^^ of Marengo. Gentry, co. in Mo., N. W.part. Pop., 11,607; in 1S60, 11,980. The surface is undulating, and about equally divided between timber lands and prairies. The soil is very productive. The CO. is drained by Grand R. and its tribu- taries. Albany is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 61,965 bush.; rye, 7,955 bush.; Indian-corn, 640,951 bush.; oats, 135,555 busH.; Irish pot's, 44.929 bush.; sweet pot's 387 bush., tobacco, 18,178 lbs.; butter, 177,834 lbs.; hay 11,082 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,430,- 754. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,06.% 431. Value of manufactures, $356,873. Gentryville, p. v. in Spencer co., Ind., 1S14 mis. N. of Roekport. *Gentry ville, p. v. in Gentry co., l\Io., 45 mis. from St. Joseph. Pop., 255. George l.ake, in N. Y., between Wan-en and Washington cos.; is 36 mis. long and fi-om 1 to 4 mis. wide. The mountainous shores, I'ising in some points 2,300 feet above the surface of the lake, the transparency of the water aiid the numerous picturesque islands (it is said there are more than 300), render this the most romantic and beautiful sheet of water in our country. The line hotels in Caldwell, at the S. W. eiid of the lake, and others in various situations, are much frequented by tourists and pleasure-seekers during the summer months. It 1.? drained into Lake Champlain. Georges, tn. in Fayette co.. Pa. Pop., 2,544. Georges Creclt, p. o. in Pickens district, S. C. George's Mills, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. H. Georges Station, p. o. in Westmoreland co., Pa. George's Store, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn. Georgesville, p. v. in Franklin co., Ohio, 5 mis. S. of Jetferson. Pop., 22. Georgetown, tn. in El Dorado co., Cal. Pop., 1,023. *Georgetown, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. E. of Auburn. *Georgetown, p. v. in Clear Cr. co., Colo., 15 mis. S. W. of Idaho. It is a thriving place, in the midst of productive silver mines. Pop., 802. Two newspapers. Georgetown, p. v. in Fairfield co.. Conn., on the Danbury & Norwalk R. R., 9% mis. N. of Norwalk. *Georgetown, p. v. and the co. seat of Sussex CO., Del., on tlie Junction & Breakwater R. R., 25 mis. S. S. E. of Harrington and 89 mis. from Wilmington. Pop., 710. One newspaper. *Georgetown, city and port of e-ntry, in Wash- ington CO., D. C, on the Potomac R.; terminus of Chesapeake & Ohio Canal. Separated from Washington by Rock Cr, Several manufac- tories. Pop., i.5,000. One newspaper. Georgetown, p. o. in Volusia co., Fla. Georgetown, p. v. and the eo. seat of Quitman CO., Ga., on the Central R. R., 24 mis. W. of Cutlibert. It is on the Chattahoochee R., op- posite Eufaula, Ala. Pop., 263. Georgetown, ]). o. in Oneida co., Idaho Ter. Georgetown, tn. in Vermillion co.. 111. Pop., 2,237. *Georgetown, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. S. of Danville. Georgetown, tn. in Floyd co., Ind. Pop., 1,424. Georgetown, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mls.W. of New Albany. Georgetown, p. v. in Monroe co., Iowa, near the Burlington & Missouri R. R., 10 mis. W. ol Albra. *Georgetown, p. v. and the co. seat of Scott CO., Ky., on the N. Elkhorn R., 15 mis. E. of Frankfort. It lies in a beautiful and. fertile GEORGETOWN. 350 GEORGIA. leglon, and Is the seat of Georgetown College, a nouri3liing institution, under the direction Ot the Baptists. It has several woollen fac- tories. Pop., 1,570. Oue newspaper. Georgetown, tn. in Sagadahoc co., Me. Pop., l.loo. Oeorgetown, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Bath. Georgetown, tn. in Essex co., Jfass. Pop., 2.08S. Georgetown, p. v. in the above tn^, on the Newburyport H. R., nils. S. SV. of >iewt>ury- port. a" Isranch railroad connects it with Haverhill, , 321,070 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1)78,089. Total, i-stiniated, value of all farm productions, iiicludiiig adtlitions to stock, etc., $1,274,157. Valu(3 of manufactures, $300,575. iieorgetown, p. v. and the co. seat of George- town district, S. C, on Winyaw B., 44^ mis. from Kingstree. In the center of a rice-grow- ing district. Pop., 2,080. One newspaper. Georgetown, p. o. in .James co., Tenii. ♦Georgetown, p. v. and the co. seat of Wil- liamson CO., Tex., 25 nils. N. of Austin. It lies on the San Gabriel R. Pop., 479. One news- paper. Georgetown, p. v. iu Grant co., AVis., 8^ mis. from Platteville. Georgeville, p. v. in Kandiyohi co., Minn., 20 mis. X. by E. of Willmer on the St. Paul & Pacilic R.' R. Georgeville, p. o. in Ray co.. Mo. GEORGIA, oue of the original 13 states of the Union ; is bounded on the N. by Tenn. and N. C; on the S. by Fla.; on the E. by the Atlantic Ocean a.nd Ijy S. C, from which i*^^ is separated by the Savannah II., and on the W. by Ala. and Fla. It extends from 30'^ 21' 40" to 35° N. lat., and from 80'^ 52' to 85^ 35' 38" W. long. The area is 58,000 sq. mis., or 37.120,000 acres. Surface.— X level or but slightly undulating plain extends inland from the Atlantic Ot»;an, varying in width from 100 to 1.50 mis., anil con- sisting of alluvial soil. The coast (128 mis. long), is indented by numerous soumls and inlets, which separate a series of low, sandy islands from the main land. These are as follows: Tybee Island, between the mouth of the Savan- nah R. and Warsaw sound ; Ossabaw Island, be- tween Ossabaw and St. Catharine sounds ; St. Catharine Island, between the last-named sound and Sapelo Sound; Sapelo Island ; St. Simon's Island, south ot Altemaha Sound ; Jykill Island, south of St Simon's SountI, and Cumberland Island, between St. jVndrews and Cumberland sounds. Along the coast extends a belt of s wamp3,the largest of which is the Okeflnokee iu Ware and Clinch cos., and further inland are the so-called " Pine Barrens," which extend from the lower course of the Savannah R. in a south- westerly direction into Ala., and have an aver- age breadth of about 20 mis. Beyond tilt) Pino Barrens is a broad belt of hilly lands, which i3 in some parts diversified by isolated ridges and peaks, as the Dug Down Mt. trending from Ala. through Polk and Paulding cos., and terminate ing\vrof the village of Dallas; the Kenesaw Mt., near Marietta, Colib co., the summit of which affords a view over a wide extent of country ; and the Stone or Rock Mt., in DeKalb CO., an isolated peak lising abruptly from the low plain to a height of 2,220 feet above the sea, and devoid of tree or shrub. The mountaiu region, which occupies the northern part of the state, comprises the southern extremities of the Appalachian System. The Blue Ridge ex- tends from N. C. through Rabun and Towns COS. to the borders of Bartow co., gradually diminishing in height from the N. E. to the S. "W. Its spurs and extensions branch off in a north-westerly direction, as the StansburyMts., between the Xotteley and Toccoa Rs.; and the Frog Mts., which form the water-shed between, the Coosa watee and the Toccoa Rs. The N. W. portion of Georgia, lying W. of Oostanaula It. and Coj-chattee Cr., is traversed by a series of parallel ranges which are separateil from each other by narrow valleys. The most eastern of these isChattoogataMt.; then follow successive- ly .John's Mt., Taylors Ridge, Chickamauga Hill, Pigeon JMt., Missionary Ridge, the northern portion of the elevateil Lookout Mt., and at last the broad heights of Raccoon Mt. Thus Georgia presents every variety of surface, from the low sandy beach, broad swamps and marshes, level plains covered with forests of the long-leaved southern pine, to gently undulating hills and lofty mountains, abounding in grand and im- liressive scenery. Rivers. — The Savannah R., which divides Ga. from S. C, is formed by the coufluence near Andersonville, S. C, of the Tugaloo and Keo- wee Rs. The Tugaloo is formed by the Chatuga and Tallulah Rs., which rise in the Blue Ridge. The Savannah is 450 mis. long, and is navigable to Augusta, 230 mis. above its mouth. Its largest tributary is Broad R., formed by the North and South" Forks. The Ogeechee R. flows liarallel with the Savannah, and empties into Ossabaw Sound. The Oconee and Ocmnlgee Rs. rise in the central portion of the state, and form, by their junction near Colquit, the Alta- maha, which empties into the sound of the S'ame name. Steamboats ascend the Altamaha and its source streams as far as Macon and Milledgeville. The south-eastern counties of Ga. are drained by the Satilla and St. Mary's Rs., which are navigable for about 40 mis., and the southern counties by the Suwanoochce, Al- lapaha and Withlacooclie Rs., which enter Fla. and there form the Suwanee R. The Ocloeko- nee R. also passes into Fla. The Flint R. risea in Clavton co., and after a southerly course nt 300 mis. joins the Chattahoochee R. near the south-western corner of the state, to form the Apalachicola. It is navigable as far as Albany, Dougherty co. The sources of the Chattahoo- chee an; 'in the Blue Ridge, and this large stream intersects the state from N. E. to S. W. to West Point, whence it flows S., separating Ga. from Ala., to its junction with the Flint. The Chattahoochee is navigable for large steam- boats to Columbus, about 350 mis. from the Gulf of Mexico. Northern Ga. is drained by the Etowah and Oostanaula Rs., which rise oa GEORGIA. 351 GEORGIA. the opposite slopes of tlie Blue Ridge, have a westerly course and join at Rome to form the Coosa R., one of the source streams of the Ala- bama R. The north-western corner of the state is drained by several small affluents of the Tennessee R., the most important of which are East, Middle and West Chickamauga Crs.,which latter intersects McLamore's Cove between Pigeon Mt. and Missionary Ridge, Cliattanooga Cr. and Lookout Cr., which traverses the valley between Lookout and Raccoon Mts. A small portion of Ga., lying N. of the Blue Ridge, is drained by the Toceoa and Xotteley Rs., tribu- taries of the Hiawassee R. of Tenn. The mountainous portion of Ga. abounds in pictur- esque waterfalls. A few mis. from Clarksville, Habersham co., are the Toceoa Falls, where the Tallulah R. falls over a perpendicular, cocky wall of 180 feel in height. The cataracts of Tallulah, or Terrora, 12 mis. from Clarksville, are very grand and impressive. The stream frets and foams through a ravine or glen over 1,000 feet deep, with overhanging sides, and descends over a succession of rocky precipices. The Falls of the Estatoiah are formed by an affluent creek of the Little Tennessee R , in Rabun Gap of the Blue Ridge. N. of tlie v. of Clayton. The Fijlls of Amicolah, in Lumpkin co., 17 mis. \\ . of Dablonega, have a descent of 400 feet iu as many yards. In Monroe co. the Towaliga R., a tributary of the Ocmulgee, flows swiftly over a rocky ledge and forms two precipitous falls. Climate and Vegetation. — The difference in height above the sea and in latitude produ- ces a striking difference in temperature be- tween the noi-thern and southern parts of Ga. While in the former, the warmest season is in- vigorating and delightful, the summer heat in the latter is often very oppi'essive. At Atlanta the mean annual temperature is nearly 60° Fahr.; the maxiniunr on hottest day, 92° ; and the minimum on the coldest day, 10° ; at Sa- vannah the thermometer rises in summer about 100°, and falls in winter below 30°. Ga. is abundantlj^ supplied with magnilicent forests. These consist, in the mountainous and central portions, of deciduous trees ; in the sandy bar- rens of the live oak and the valuable southern pine, yielding masts and ship timber, and in the swamps and marshes of cedar and cypress. The vegetation along the coast is semi-tropical. Here are found the graceful palmetto, a species of palm; the magnolia, laurel, jessamine and other evergreens, interspersed with vines and creepers of great variety, bearing in the spring the most brilliant flowers. Population. — The population of Ga. has stead- ily increased since the state was organized. In xouu, 3uu,ioj ; jiji loou, i,uj/,ioo, aiiu iu lo^u, i,ioi,iua. Of the last number there were 638,92(5 whites ; 545,142 colored persons ; 1 Chinaman, and 40 In- dians. With regard to nativity the inhabitants ai e classified in the last census as follows : born iu the United States, 1,172,9S2, including l,0;«j962 natives of the state ; born in foreign countries, 11,127, including 2,760 Germans, 1,088 English- men, and 5,093 Irishmen. The number of inhabitants of 10 years of age and over was, in 1870, 835,929, and of these there were 444,078 persons engaged in the useful occu- pations. In agriculture were engaged 336,145 pt^rsons ; in personal and professional services, 64 0S3; iu trade and transportation, 17,410 ; and in manufactures, mining and mechanical occu- pations, 27,040. Minerals and Mining. — Iron ores of the very best quality abound in various parts of the st.ate, especially in Cass and Cherokee counties. Copper occurs in the northern districts, known as the Cherokee country, and numerous mines nave been opened ; a few of which only are worked with profit. Gold is found in limited quantities, and, before the Cal. discovery, was considered of sufflcient importance to sup- ply a United States Mint at Dahlonega with the metal. Mineral and medicinal springs occur in various portions of Ga., as the Madison Springs, 7 mis. from Danielsville, Madison co.; the Warm Springs in Meriwether co., 36 mis. from Columbus, and 6 mis. S. of them the Row- land Springs ; the Sulphur Springs, mis. N. of Gainesville; the Red Sulplmr Springs at the foot of Taylor's Ridge in Walker co., and the Powder Springs, containing sulphur and mag- nesia, iu Cobb CO., 20 mis. from Atlanta. Agriculture is by far the most important branch of industry in the state, and, as so much of the soil is highly productive, will be ths great source of wealth for years to come. Cot- ton is the principal product. In 1860, 701,840 bales of 400 lbs. each were harvested ; in 1870, 473,934 bales. Sea Island cotton, which is the most valuable variety on account of its long, silky fiber, is grown on the islands near the coast ; Upland cotton in the interior. The rice crop of 1870 was 22,277,380 lbs., mostly grown in Chatham, Mcintosh, Camden and Bryan coun- ties. The product of Indian-corn was 17,646,459 bush.; of spring wheat, 308,890 bush.; of winter wheat, 1,818,127 Dush.; of oats, 1,904,601 ; of Irish pot's, 197,101 bush.; of sweet pot's, 2,621,562 ; of butter, 4,499,592 lbs.; of wool, 846,947 lbs., and of tobacco, 288,596 lbs. The live stock had a value of $30,156,317, and comprised 81,777 horses, 87,42(5 mules and asses, 231,310 milch cows, 54,332 working oxen, 412,261 other cattle, 419,465 sheep and 938,566 swine. The land in farms had an area of 23,647,941 acres, of which 6,831,856 acres were improved and 12,928,084 were woodland. The cash value of farms was $94,559,468, and the estimated value of farm productions, including betterments and additions to stock, $80,390,228. Manufactures. — Before the war Ga. had made considerable progress in the establish- ment of manufactories, and has resumed it since the return of peace. In 1870 there were 3,836 establishments, and the value of manu- factures amounted to $31,196,115 against $16,925,- 564 in 18(50. The capital invested in 1870 was $13,930,125 ; the wages paid, $4,844,508 ; the ma- terials consumed, $18,583,731, and the hands employed, 17,871. The principal articles pro- duced and their value were as follows: Flour and meal, $11,202,029; sawed lumber, $4,044,375 and cotton goodS) $3,648,973 (against $3,027,377 in 1860). Commercial and Railroads. — The domestic commerce of Ga. is increasing, but direct foreign commerce is inconsiderable. The state has three ports of entiy, Savannah, Brunswick and St. Mary's. They had, in 1870, 85 vessels (28 of which were steamers), with a tonnage of 15,828 ; they importetl goods to the amount of $1,383,727, and exported domestic goods to the amount of $33,442 520, consisting chiefly of cot- ton and ship-building materials. The railroad mileage in 1872 was 2,108, show- ing a very great increase since 1862, when it was 1,420. The state has the following 10 railroad lines : Atlanta & West Point, 87 nils.; Atlantic & Gulf, 347 mis., the main line of which con- nects Savannah with Bainbridge ; Central, 192 mis., connecting Savannah with Macon ; Georgia, 232 mis., connecting Augusta with At- lanta, Camack with Warrington, Barnett with Washington and Union Point with Athens; Macon & Augusta, 78 nils.; Macon & Brunswick, 197 mis.; Maeon & Western, 102 mis., connecting Macon with Atlanta ; Rome, 20 mis., connect- ing Rome with Kingston; Southwestern, 257 mis., connecting Macon with Enfaula, Ala.; Fort Valley with Columbus, Smithville with Al- bany, and Cuthbert with Fort Gaines, and Western & Atlantic. 138mls., connecting Atlaiita with Chattanooga, Tenn. £cf ((CttCtoji.— Acconling to the census, Ga. hai three universities : the State University, at GEORGIA. 352 GERMANTOWN. Athens; Oglethorpe University (Presbyterian), at Milledgeville, and Mercer University (Bap- tist), at Kenrteld, with 18 teachers and 379 pupils. The -28 colleges and 123 academies have respec- tively 133 and 226 teachers, with 2,593 and G,550 pupils. The number of public schools is 24H, and the number of private, parochial and charity schools, 1,471. The former, in 1870, had 327 teachers and 11,1.50 pupils, and the latter, 1,702 teachers and 45,342 pupils. The total ex- penditure in tlic state for educational institu- tions was $1,072,113. The 110 newspapers had, in 1870, a circulation of 150,987, and comprised 15 dailies, 5 tri-weeklies, 9 semi-weeklies, 73 weeklies, 2 semi-montlilies, 6 monthlies and 1 quarterly. The following three papers had a circulation of more than 5,000 ; the weekly " Southern Christian Advo- cate," published at Macon; the daily "Savan- nah Advertiser," and the monthly "Illustrated Record and Repository," published at Sparta. Wealth and Taxation.— ThG true valuation of real and personal estate in 1870 was $208,169,207 ; the assessed value $227,219,519, of which $143,948,- 216 wei-e for real estate, and $83,271,303 for per- sonal estate. Tlie state debt was $6,.544,500,i3ut has. since 1870, considerably increased; the coun- ty debt was $300, 3ST), and the town and city debt was $14,383,313. The total amount of taxation was $2,627,029, Avhicli sum included $915,394 state taxes. Government. — The new Constitution was adopted in convention in March, 18(;8, and rati- fied by the people in the next month. It de- clares all citizens of the United States residing li)L the state to be citizens thereof. The Gover- nor is chosen by tlie people for four years ; and for the same period are elected by the General Assembly tlie following officers : the Secretary of State, Comptroller-General, Treasurer and Surveyor-General. The "Senate consists of 44 members, one-half elected biennially for four years, and the House of Representatives, elected biennially for two years. The Judiciary of the state comprises a Su- preme Court, a Superior Courtfor each judicial district. Courts in Ordinary and Justices of the Peace. The Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction only. The Superior Courts have exclusive ju- risdiction in cases of divorce, in criminal cases, ■where the penalty is death or confinement in the penitentiary, in cases respecting titles to land, and in equity cases. They liave also power to correct errors in inferior judgments, and to issue writs tliat may be necessary for carrying into clfect their poVers. The judges of the Supreme and Superior Coui'ts, the Attor- ney-General, Solicitors-General and tlie District Judges and Attorneys are appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate. The State Lunatic Asylum, at Midway, near Milledgeville, and the Academy for the Blind at, Macon^ are in successful operation. The State Penitentiary is located at Milledgeville. Atlanta is the capital of the state. Ga. is di- vided into the following 137 cos.: Appling, Baker, Baldwin, Banks, I5artow, Berrien, Bibb, Brooks, Bryan, Bullock, Burke, Butts, Calhoun, Camden, Campbell, Carroll, Catoo.sa, Charlton, Chatham, Chattahoochee, Chattooga, Cherokee, Clarke, Clay, Clayton, Clinch, Cobb, Coflee, Colquitt, Columbia, Coweta, Crawford, Dade, Dawson, Decatur, De Kalb, Dodge. Dooley, Dougherty, Douglas, Karly, Echols, Effinghaih, Elbert, Emanuel, Fannin, fayette, Floyd, For- syth, Franklin, Fulton, Gilmer, Glascock, Glynn, Gordon, Greene, Gwinnett, Habersham, Hall, Hancock, Haralson, Harris, Hart, Heard, Henry, Houston, Irwin, Jackson, Jasper, Jeffer- Bon, Johnson, Jones, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln, Lowndes, Lumpkin, Macon, Madison, Mariou, McDuffle, Mcintosh, Meriwether, Mil- ler, Milton, IMitchell, Monroe, Montgomery Morgan, Muri-ay, Muskogee, Newton, Ogle- thorpe, Paulding, Pickens, Pierce, Pike, Polk, Pulaski, Putnaih, Quitman, Rabun, Randolph, Richmond, Rockdale, Schley, Scriven, Spalding, Stewart, Sumter, Talbot, Taliaferro, Tatnall, Taylor, Telfair, Terrell, Thomas, Towns, Troup, Twiggs, Union, UpsoUjAValker, Walton, Ware, Warren. Washington, Wayne. Webster, White, Whitfield, Wilcox, Wilkes, Wilkinson, Worth. Ga. has but four incorporated cities : Savannah, Atlanta, Columbus and Augusta. Oeorg-ia, tn. in Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 783. Oeorg'la, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ind. Georgia, tn. in Franklin co., Vt. Pop., l.COi Georgia, p. v. in the above tn., near tlie Ver- mont & Canada R. R.,6 mis. S. of St. Albans. Georgia City, p. o. in Jasper co.. Mo. Georgiaiia, p. v. in Clarke co., Ala., on the Mo- bile & Montgomery R. R., 18 mis. S. S. W. of Greenville. Gcorgiaiia, tn. in Sacramento co., Cal. Pop., 1,056. Georgia Plain, p. v. in Franklin co., Vt., 2>^ mis. W. of Georgia and 2 mis. E. of Lako Champlain. Georglaville, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., y>^ mis. W. of Providence. • Geppville, p. o. in Jay co., Ind. Gerardtowii, tn. in Berkeley co., W. Va. Pop., 1,857. Gerlaw, p. o. in Warren co., 111. German, tn. in Bartholomew co., Ind. Pop., 1,302. German, tn. in Marshall co., Ind. Pop., 2,253. German, tn. in St. .Joseph CO., Ind. Pop., 5W. German, tn. Vanderburgh co., Ind. Pop., 1,683. German, tn. in Grundy co., Iowa. Poi3., S3i. German, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,512. German, tn. in Bollinger co., Mo. Pop., 1 117. German, tn. in Madison co.. Mo. Pop., 86('. German, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 712. German, p. o. in the above tn. German, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop., l,46:i. German, tn. in Auglaize eo., Ohio. IPop., 1,750. German, tn in Clark co., Ohio. Pop., 1,918. German, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Top. 1,7J3. German, p. o. in the v. of Palestine in the above tn., 7 mis. from Greenville. Pop., ';C4. German, tn. in Fulton co., Ohio. Pop., iAl^. German, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 1,227. German, tn. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., 1,408. German, tn. in Montgomery co., Ohio. Pop., 3,197. German, tn. in Fayette co.. Pa. Pop., 1,911. German, p. o. in Braxton co., W. Va. German Flats, tn. in Herkimer co., N. Y. Pop., 0,718. German Gnlcli, p. o. in Deer Lodge co.. Mont. Germanla, p. v. in Potter co.. Pa., 23 mis. S. E of Coudersport. Germanla, p. v. in Marquette co., Wi»., 8 mis. N. E. of Montello. Germano, p. o. in the v. of New Jefferson, in Harrison eo., Ohio, 4 mis. N. of Cadiz Junction on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louia R. R. German Settlement, p. v. in Preston co.,W. Va., 10 mis. from Portland. Germantoivn, p. v. in Stokes co., N. C, 33 nils, from High Point. Germantown, p. v. in Clinton co., HI., 6 mis. S. of Breese. Germantown, tn. in Livingston co., III. Fop., 369. Germantown, v. in Marion co., Ind., 18 mis. N. E. of Indianapolis. Germantown, v in Wayne co., Ind., on. tUo Central 11. R., 56 mis. E. of Indiansipolis. Germantown, p o. in Smith co., Xans. Germantown, p. v. in Mason co., Ky., 11 mis. from Maysviile. Pop., 191. Germantown, p. v. in Henry CO., Mo., 15 nils. from Cliutoii. GERMANTOWN. 353 GILBERTSBOEOUGH. Germantown, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 1,393. Germantown, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hudson R. and the Hudson River B. R., 9% nils. S. of Hudson. *Gerniantown, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ohio, on Twin Or., 4 mis. N. of Carlisle Station on the Hamilton & Dayton R. R. It lies in a fer- tile agricultural district. Pop., 1,440. One newspaper. Germantown, v. in Washington co., Ohio, 16 mis. N. N. E. of Marietta. Germantown, p. v. in Shelby CO., Tenn., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R.,15 mis. E. by S. of Memphis. Pop., 197. Germantown, tn. in Juneau co.. Wis. Pop., 593. Germantow^n, p. o. in the above tn. Germantown, tn. in Washington co., Wis. Pop., 1,954. German Valley, p. v. in Morris co., N. J., 17 mis. W. of Morristown and 6]4 mis. S. by E. of Hackettstown. Germanville, p. o. in Jefferson co., Iowa. GermanvHle, p. o. in Edgefield district, S. C. Germany, tn. in Richland co., 111. Pop., 1,040. Germany, p. o. in Warren co.. Pa. Germany, tn. in Adams co., Pa. Pop., 880. Gerrardstown, p. v. in Berkeley co., W. Va., 15 mis. from Martinsburgh. Gerry Post, tn. in Chautauqua CO., N. T. Pop., 1,096. Gervais, p. o. in Marion co., Oreg. Gery ville, p. o. in Bucks CO., Pa. Gessie, p. o. in Vermillion co.. 111. Gethsemane, p. v. in Nelson co., Ky., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 25 mis. S. E. of Lebanon Junction. Getty, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 366. Gettysburgh, p. v. in Darke co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 14}^ mis. W. of Piqua. Pop., 228. *GettysbHrgh, p. bor. and co. seat of Adams CO., Pa.; is the western terminus of the Get- tysburg R. R., 30 mis. W. of Hanover Junc- tion and 36 nils. S. W. of Harris burg. It lies in the midst of a fertile farming district, and is the seat of a theological seminary which has a fine library, and of the Pennsylvania College. Near G. the famous battle took place in which Gen. Meade defeated Gen. Lee, on the 1st, 2d and 3d days of July, 1863. On Cemetery Hill, E. of the town, which was the center of the Union position, the United States Government has erected a National Cemetery. Here are buried those of the Union army who fell during the sanguinary battle. The National Monument, standing- near the center of the cemetery, is a work of art of great merit. Pop., 3,074. Two newspa- pers Getzville, p. o. in Erieco., N. Y. Ghent, p. V. in Carroll co., Ky., on the Ohio R., nearly opijosite Vevay, Ind. Pop., 464. Ghent, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 2,886. Ghent, p. v. in the above tn., on the Harlem R. R., 3 mis. S. of Chatham Village. Ghent, p. o. in Summit Co., Ohio. Ghent, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Gholson, p. V. in Noxubee co., Miss., 17 mis. from Macon. Gholsonvllle, p. o. in Brunswick co., Va., on the Meherrin R., 75 mis. S. S. W. of Richmond. Giard, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,294. Giard, p. v. in the above tn., on the Milwaiikee & St. Paul R. R., 8mls. W. of McGregor. Gibbon, p. v. in Buffalo co., Nebr., on Union Pacific R. R., 183 mis. W. of Omaha. One newspaper. Gf bb's Cross Roads, p. o. in Cumberland co., N. C. Gibb's Cross Roads, p. o. in Macon co.^enn. Gibbsville, p. v. in Sheboygan co.. Wis., 6 mis. S. of Sheboygan Falls. Glbesonville, p. o. in Hocking co., Ohio. 23 Gibraltar, p. v. in Wayne co., Mich., near the mouth of the Detroit R. and near the Detroit Division of the Lake Shoi-e R. R. Gibralter, tn. in Dorr co.. Wis. Pop., 466. Gibson, tn. in Sierra co., Cal. Pop., 520. Gibson, v. and the co. seat of Glascock co., Ga., 15 mis. from Warrenton. Gibson, co. in Ind., S. W. part. Area, 449 sq. mis. Pop., 17,353 ; in 1860, 14,532. The surface is undulating. The co. is bounded on the N. by the White R., on the W. by the Wabash R. and intersected by the Patoka Cr. The Evans- ville & Crawford'sviUe R. R. passes through the CO. Princeton is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 457,260 bush.; rye, 725 bush.; Indian-corn, 757,933 bush.; oats, 39,807 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,979 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,225 bush.; butter, 102,812 lbs.; hay, 7,564 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,261,688. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ • ing additions to stock, etc., $1,501,322. Value of manufactures, $995,594. Gibson, tn. in Washington co., Ind. Pop. , 1,525. Gibson, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., on the Che- mung R., nearly opposite Corning. Pop., 473. Gibson, p. o. in Pike co., Ohio. Gibson, tn. in Mercer co., Ohio. Pop., 1,100. Gibson, tn. in Cameron co.. Pa. Pop., 1,236. Gibson, tn. in Susquehanna co., Pa. Pop., l,36s. Gibson, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Montrose Station. Gibson, co. in Tenn., W. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 25,666; in 1860, 21,777. The surface is level and the soil good. It is drained by the affluents of the Forked Deer R. and bv the head streams of Obion R. The Mobile & Ohio R. R. traverses it from N. to S., and the Mem- phis & Louisville R. R. intersects tlie S. B. part. Trenton is the co. seat. Agr. pi'oduc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 116,869 bush.; Indian- corn, 1,067,775 bush.; oats, 12,118 bush.; Irish pot's, 23,440 bush.; sweet pofs, 60,275 bush, cotton, 9.815 bales ; butter, 243,746 lbs.; tobac- co, 97,500 lbs.; hay, 879 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,890,576. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,327,523. Value of manufactures, $1,149,022. Gibson, tn. in Manitowoc Co., Wis. Pop., 1,628. Gibsonbnrgh, p. o. in Sanduskj' co., Ohio. Gibsonbnrg,p.v. in Luzerne CO., Pa. Pop.,1,156. Gibson City, p. v. in Ford CO., 111., at the in- tersection of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R. with the Gilman, Clinton & Springfield R K., 15 mis. from Paxton. Pop. about 150. Gibson's Station, p. v. in Lake co., Ind.; by railroad 20 mis. S. by E. of Chicago. Gibson's Station, p. v. in Guernsey CO., OhiOj on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 4 mis. W. of Salesville. Gibson's Station, p. o. in Lee co., Va. Gibson Station, p. o. in Creek Nation, Ind. Ter. Gibsonville, p. o. in Clay co., Ala. *Gibsonville, p. v. in Sierra CO., Cal., 20 mis. N. of Downie ville. Gibsonville, p. o. in Newton co.. Mo. *Gibsonville, p. v. in Guilford co., N. C, on the North Carolina R. R., 13 mis. E. of Greens- borough. Gibsotiville, p. o. in Livingston co., N. Y. Gibsonville, p. o. in Russell co., Va. *Gidding-s, p. v. in Washington co.. Tex., ou the Houston & Texas Central R. R., 60 mis. from Hempstead. Pop. about 800. Gila Bend, p. o. in Pima co., Ariz. Ter.* Gilbert, p. v. in Scott co., Iowa, on the Missis- sippi R., 3 mis. E. of Davenport. Gilbert, p. o. in Monroe co., Pa. Gilbert's, p. o. in Kane co., 111. Gilberton, p. v. in Schuylkill co., Pa., on tha Mine Hill & East Mahonmg R. R. Gilbertsborong^h, p. Ov m Limestone co.. Ala. GILBERT'S CREEK STATION. 354 GILMER. Gilbert's Creefe Station, p. o. in Lincoln CO., Kv. Gilbert's Mills, p. v. in Oswego co., X. T., on the New York Central R. R., 5 mis. E. of Ful- ton. Gilbert's Mills, p. o. in Paulding co., Ohio. Gilbertsville, p. v. in Montgomery CO., Pa., 654 nils. N. N. E. of Pottsto\m. Glibertville, p. o. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Gilbertville, p. v. in AVorcester co., Mass., 121^ mis. N. N. E. of Palmer. Gilbirtlsport, p. o. in Brown co.. 111. Gllboa, tn. in Benton co., lud. Pop., 452. Gilboa, tn. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Pop., 2,227. Gllboa, p. V. in the above tn., on the Schoharie R., 2014 nils. S. of Mifldleburgh. Gilboa^ p. V. in Putnam co., Ohio, V/^ mis. E. of (Ottawa. Pop., .315. Gilchrist, tn. in Pope co., Minn. Pop., 169. Gilohrist, p. v. in the above tn., 19 nils. N. E. of IJenson, on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R. Gildersleeves Liandlng, p. o. in Middlesex CO., Conn. Gllead, p. v. in Tolland co.. Conn., 5 mis. S. of Andovcr. Gllead, tn. in Calhoun co., 111. Pop., 498. Gilead, p. v. in the above tn., on the Illinois R., 3 mis. S. of Hardin. Gllead, p. v. in Miami co., Ind., 6 mis. N. E. of Birmingham. Gllead, tn. in Oxford co., Me. Pop., 329. Gilead, p. v. in the above tn„ on the Andros- coggin R. R. and the Grand Trunk R. R., 10 mis. W. of Bethel. Gilead, tn. in Branch co., Mich. Pop., 794. Gilead, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. of Bron- son. Gllead, p. V. in Lewis co.. Mo., 10 mis. from La Grange. Gilead, v. in Wood co., Ohio, on the Maumee R. Gllead, tn. in Morrow co., Ohio. Pop., 2,017. Giles, tn. in Van Biiren CO., Ark. Pop., 611. Giles, CO. in Tenn.. S. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop.j .32,413 ; in i860, 2/J,106. The surface is di- versified ; the soil fertile and well adapted for pasturage. It is drained by Elk R. The Nash- ville & Decatur R. R. terminates at Elkton in the S. part. Pulaski is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 14.5,635 busli.; rye, 5,895 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,054,163 bush.; oats, 70,.512 bush.; Irish pot's, 32,5.56 bush.; sweet pot's, 28,074 bush.; cotton, 8,367 bales ; tobacco, 40,6.55 lbs.; butter, 228,560 lbs.: hay, 1,664 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,717,824. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,690,754. Value of manufactures, $582,224. Giles, CO. in Va., S. W. part. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 5,875; in 1860, 6,883. It extends from the Brush Mt. in the E. to the Peter Mt. in the W., and is intersected by other ranges of the Alleghany System, which divide it into a series of rough and narrow valleys, with but small areas of productive land. New R., a branch of the Great Kanawha R., intersects the CO. from N. E. to S. W., and drains it with numerous small affluents. Pearisburgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 53,598 bush.; rye, 12.(;33bush.; Indian-corn, 105,- 402 bush.; oats, 23,474 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,240 bush.; sweet pot's, 179 liush.; tobacco, 30,653 lbs.; butter, 39,676 lbs.; hay, 1,351 tons. Cash value of farms, $979,272. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $239,051. Value of man- ufactures, $20,898. Gilford, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 3.53. Gilford, tn. in Wabasha co., Minn. Pop., 812. GiIfor«l, tn. iu Belknap CO., N. H. Pop., 3,301 Gilford, p o. in Tuscola CO., Mich. Gilford Tillage, p. v. in Belknap CO., N. H., near the S. shore of Winnipiseogee Lake, 30 mis. N. by E. of Concord. Gill, tn. in Sullivan co., Ind. Pop., 2,135. Gill, tn. in Franklin CO., Mass. Pop., 653. Gill, p. V. in the above tn., near the Connectl* cut R., 6 nils. N. E. of Greenfield. Gillam, tn. in .Jasper co., Ind. Pop., 635. Gillem's Station, p. v. in Dickson co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Northwestern R. R., 51 mis. W. of Nashville. Gillen's Landing:, p. o, in Phillips co.. Ark. ^Gillespie, p. v. in Macoupin co., 111., on the Indianapolis & St. Louis R. R., 10 mis. W. by S. of Litchfield. Gillespie, p. o. in Antelope co., Nebr. Gillespie, co. in Tex., W. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 3,.566; in 1860, 2,736. The surface is broken; the soil not very fertile. It is drained by the Pedirnales R. and by Crab Apple and other small creeks. Fredericks- burgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 15,588 bush.; rye, 4,520 bush.: In- dian-corn. 82,135 bush.; oats, 841 bush.; Irish pot's, 218 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,931 bush.; but- ter, 38,842 lbs.; hay, 916 tons. Cash value of farms, $174,001. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $161,787. Value 01 manufactures, $97,106. GillespieTille, p. v. in Ross co., Ohio, near the Marit^tta & Cincinnati R. R., 11% mis. S. E. of Chillocothe. Gillespieville, p. o. in Kawasvha co., W. Va. Gillett, p. o. in Oconto co., Wis. Gillette, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. Gilletfs Grove, p. o. in Clay co., Iowa. Gill Hall, p o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Gillis BIuflT, tn. in Butler co.. Mo. Pop., 203. Gillisonville, p. v. in Beaufort district, S. C, 4 mis. from Coosa whatchie. Gill's Creek, tn. in Franklin co., Va. Pop., 2,4.53. Gill's Mills, p. o. in Rowan co., Ky. Gillsville, p. V. in Hall co., Ga., 30 mis. N. VV. of Athens. *Gilnian, p. v. in Iroquois co.. 111., at the in- tersection of the Illinois Central R. R. with the Logansport, Peoria & Burlington R. R., 81 nils. S. by W. of Chicago, 86 mis. E. of Peoria and 14^^ mis. W. of Watseca. Sur- rounded by a rich farming and fruit-growing district. Three newspaper. Gilman, p. o. in Marshall co., Iowa. Gilnian, tn. in Pierce co.. Wis. Pop., 503. Gilinan's Depot, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Gilinanton, tn. in Benton CO., Minn. Pop., 193. Gilinanton, tn. in Belknap co., N. H. Pop., 1,642. Gilmanton, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. E. of Tilton. Gilmanton Iron fVorks, p. v. in Belknap CO., N. H., 5 nils. S. W. of Alton. Gilntantown, tn. in Buffalo co.. Wis. Pop., 715. Gilmantown, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Alma. Gilmer, co. in Ga., N. part. Area about 450 sq. mis. Poll., 0,644: in 1860, 6,724. The east- ern part of this co. is verv mountainous ; the remainder undulating. The soil of the river valleys is highly productive. The Coosawhat- tee R. rises in the eastern part and flows to the W. Its principal affluent is the Mountain. Town Cr. EUijay is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 8,103 bush.; rye, 10,- 417 bush.; Indian-corn, 169,099 bush.; oats, 12,- 333 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,396 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,546 bush.; butter, 67,128 lbs.; hay, 94 tons. Cash value of farms, $252,.525. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $323,068. Value of manufactures, $21,842. Gilmer, tn. in Adams CO., 111. Pop., 1,425. Gilmer, p. v. in Lake co.. 111., 9 mis. N. E. of Barrlngtoii Station on the Chicago & North- western R. R. Gilmer, p. v. and the co. seat of Upshur co,, Tex., 35 mis. N. W. of Marshall. GILMER. 355 GLASGOW. Gilmer, co. in TV. Va., N. central part. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 1,338; in 1860, 3,759. The Little Kenawha R. forms the southern houndary of the co., which is also drained by Leading Lick and Steer Crs. Tlie surface is rolling or hilly, and in most parts well tim- bered. Glenvilleis the CO. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: "Wheat, 9,S30 bush.; rye, 2,402 bush.; Indian-corn, 106,036 bush.; oats, 17,.592 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,13S bush.; sweet pot's, 579 bush.; butter, 44,929 lbs.; hay, 1,636 tons. Cash value of farms, $620,749. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $13,903. Value of manu- factures, $11,770. Gilmer's, p. o. in Lowndes CO., Ala. Giln»er's Store, p. o. in Guilford co., N. C. Gtlmore, p. o. in ISfflngham co.. 111. Gilniore, tn. in Benzie co., Mich. Pop., 169. Gilmore, p. o. in the above tn. Gilmore, tn. in Isabella co., Mich. Pop., 88. Gilmore, p. v. in Sarpy co., Nebr., on the Union Pacific R. R., 10 mis. from Omaha. Gilmore, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, 5 mis. S. E. of Port Washington. Pop., 133. Gilmore, tn. in Greene co.. Pa. Pop., 703. Gilmore, tn. in Jackson co., W. Va. Pop., 2,169. Gilmore's Mills, p. o. in Rockbridge co., Va. Gilpin, CO. in Colo., N. central part. Pod., 5,490. It lies on the eastern slope of the prin- cipal chain of the Rocky Mts., and abounds in magnificent scenery. Gold mining is the principal occupation. The placer mines yield- ed, in 1870, the value of $47,710, and the quartz mines of $388,229. Central City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: "Wheat, 670 bush.; oats, 1,150 bush.; Irish pot's, 21,065 bush.; but- ter, 2,220 lbs.; hay, 172 tons. Cash value of farms, $99,200. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $37,975. Value of manufactures, $728,029. Gilpin, p. o. ifi Indiana co.. Pa. Gilpin's Peak, 11,200 feet high; one of the lofty summits of the Rocky Mts., in Colo.; rises on the divide between the South and INIiddle Parks. Gilpin's Point, p. o. in Caroliiie co., Md. Gllroy, tn. in Santa Clara co., Cal. Pop., 3,195. *Gilroy, p. v. in the above t n., on the Soiithern Pacific R. R., 20 mis. S. "W. of San Jose. It lies in a fine grazing country, and is rapidly growing. The Hot Springs, a few mis. N. of the town, are much frequented. Pop., 1,625. Two newspapers. Gilroy ITot Spring's, p. o. in Santa Clara co., Cal. Gilson, p. o. in Knox co.. 111. Gil»«on, p. o. in Adams co., ifiebr. Gilsum, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 590. Gilsum, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Keene. Ginger Hill, p. v. in "Washington co., Pa., 14 mis. E. of "Washington. Gins^hamsbnrgli, p. o. in Miami co., Ohio. Gingras, new co. in Dak. Ter., N. central part. In This CO. rises the Dakota R. The surface is i-oUing prairie land. Ginnes Creek, p. o. in "Waj-ne CO., "W. Va. Glnton'n, ]>. o. in Worth co", Ga. Girard, v. in Russell co., Ala., on the Mobile & Girard R. R. and on the Opelika & Columbus R. R., 28 mis. S. E. of Opelika. It lies on the Chattahoochee R., opposite Columbus, Ga. Girard, p. o. in Burke co., Ga. Girard, p. v. in Macoupin co., 111., on the Chi- cago & Alton R. R., 24 mis. S. by W. of Spring- lickl. *Girard, p. v. and the co. seat of Crawford co., Kans., on Missouri R. and the Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., 26 mis. S. of Port Scott ; lies in an extensive prairie. Pop. about 600. One news- paper. Girard, p. o. in Richland parish, La. Girard, tn. in Branch co., Mich. Pop., 1,230. Girard, p. v. in Branch co., Mich., 6 mis. N. of Cold Water. Girard, p. v. in Trumbull CO., Ohio, on the Mahoning Branch of the Pittsburgh, Fort "Wayne & Chicago R.R., 10 mis. S. E. of "Warren. Girard, tn. in Erie co. Pop., 2,018. ♦Girard, p.bor. in the above tii., at the junc- • tion of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern with the Erie & Pittsburgh R. i^s., and on the Erie Canal. 2 mis. S. "W. of Fairview. Pop., 704. One newspaper. Girard, tn. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop., 490. Girard 9Ianor, p. v. in Schuylkill co.. Pa., near Girard Passinar, a station on the Cata- wissa R. R., 26 mis. "W. of Penn Haven. *Girardsville, p. v. in Schuylkill co.. Pa., on the Mahanoy and Broad Moantain R. R., 16 mis. N. W. of Tamaqua. Glrdletrce Hill, p. o. in "Worcester co., Md. Gishe's Mills, p. v. in Roanoke co., Va., on the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 48 mis. "W. by. S. of Lvnchburgh. Giveiisville, p. o. in McDonald co., Mo Given, p. o. in Mahaska co., Iowa. Glade, p. o. in Somerset co.. Pa. Glade, tn. in "Warren co., Pa. Pop., 889. Glade, tn. in Barbour co., W. Va. Pop., 1,302. Glade, tn. in "Webster CO., W. Va. Pop., 447. Glade Creek, p. o. in Ashe co., N. C. Glade Creek, p. o. in Bledsoe CO., Tenn. Glade Farms, p. o. in Preston co^ W. Va. Glade Hill, p. o. in Fi-anklin co., "Va. Glade Mills, p. v. in Butler co.. Pa., 10 mis. S. ' of Butler. Glades., p. o. in Morgan co., Tenn. Gladcsborongli, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. Gladesborongh, p. o. in Carroll co., Va. Glade Spring, tn. in "Washington co., "Va. Pop., 2,898. Glade Spring, p. o. in the v. of Sneadsville in the above tn., on the Atlantic, Mi>sissippi & Ohio R. R., 44 mis. "W. of Wytheville. A rail- road branches off to SaltsviUe. Gladesville, p. o. in Preston co., W. Va. Gladeville, p. o. in "Wilson co., Tenn. Gladeville, tn. in Wise co., Va. Pop., 2,152. Glad Tidings, p. o. in Clackamas co., Oi'eg. Gladvin, tn. in Midland co., Mich. Pop., 122. Gladwin, new co. in Mich., E. central part. The surface is undulating and the soil pro- ductive. The Tittibawassee R. intersects the CO. from N. to S. Glady Fork, p. o. in Henry co., Va. Glasco, p. o. in Cloud co., Kans. Glasco, p. V. ill Ulster co., X. Y., on the Hud- son R., Serais. S. of Saugerties. Glascock, CO. in Ga., E. central part. Area, 88 sq. mis. Pop.. 2,736 ; in 1860, 2,437. It is in- tersected by the Rocky Comfort Cr. and bounded on the "W. by tlie Ocmulgee R. The surface is level and tlie soil productive. Gib- son is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : "Wheat, 8,831 bush.; rye, 105bush.; Tndian-corn, .52,886 bush.; oats, 865 bush.; Irish pot's, 1.56 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,282 bush.; cotton. 1,394 bales : butter, 7,187 lbs. Cash value of farms, $162,590. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $235,860. Value of manufactures, $24,760. Glasford, p. v. in Peoria co.. 111., on the To- ledo, Peoria & "Warsaw R. R., 23 mis. from Peoria. Glasgo, p. o. in New London eo.. Conn. Glasgow, p. V. in New Castle co., Del., o]4- "i^s. S. of Newark on the Baltimore & Philadelphia R. R. Glasgow, p. V. in Scott co., 111., 4 mis. S. E. of jNIilton. Glasgo^v, p. V. in .Jefferson co., Iowa, 9 mis. S. E. of Fairfield. •Glasgow, p. V. .and the co. seat of Barren CO., Ky., 11 mis. from Glasgow .Junction, on a Branch of the Louisvil'e & Nashville R. R. Ships coal oil and tobar'co. Oil wells near Pop., 733. One newspaper. GLASGOW. 356 GLENORA. Glasgow, In. in TTabasbaw co., Minn. Pop., 1,7G9. Glas&ow, p. o. in the above tn., 8 mis. W. by S. ol Kced's Landing. ♦Glasgow, p. V. in Howard co., Mo., on tbe Missouri 11., 72 nils, from Jefferson City and IS mis. from Booneville. It has considerable conunoree. Pop., 1,7'.)5. One newspapoii. Glasgow, p. V. in Columbiana co., Ohio, i]4 mis. N. AV. of Wellsville on the Ohio R. Glasgow, p. o. in Trempealeau co., \Vis. Glasgow junction, p. v. in Barren oo., Ky., oil the jjouisville & Nashville R. R., 23 mis. S. W. of 'Woodsonville. Glasneven, v. in Dubuqne co., Iowa, 7'-^ mis. N. N. K. of Dyersburgh on the Iowa Division of Illinois Ccnti'alR. R. Glassborough, p. v. in Gloucester co.jN. J., on the West Jersey R. R., il^^mls. S. of Wood- bury. Has several glass and bottle factories. Glass River, p. o. in .Shiawassee co., Mich. Glass Village, p. o. in Pope co., Ark. Glastenbury, tn. in Hartford co., Conn. Pop., .3,5(;0. Glastciibnry, p. v. in the above tn., near the W. bank of the Connecticut R., 5i^ mis. S. E. of Haitford. Glastenbury, tn. In Bennington co.,Vt. Pop., 11'.). Glastenbury, p. o. in the above tn. Glaze €ity, p. o. in Camden co.. Mo. Glcason, ]i. o. in Platte co., Nebr. Gleeson Station, p. o. in AVeakley co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Northwestern R. R. Glen, p. V. in Montgomery co., N. Y., 6 mis. S. of Fonda. Pop., 115. Glen Allen, p. o. in Bollinger co., Mo. Glen Allen, p. V. in Henrico co., Va., on the Rifhmonci, Frederieksburgli & Potomac R. R. Glen Alta, p. o. in ]SIarion co., Ga. Glen Arbor, In. inLeelanaw co., Mich. Pop., 40.5. Glen Arbor, p. v. In the above tn., on Lake Michigan, 32 mis. N. W. of Traverse City. Glen Aubrey, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. Glenbeulah, p. v. in Sheboygan co., Wis., on the Slieboygiui & Fond Du Lac R. R., 20 mis. W. of Slu'boygan City. Glenbroolt,"p. o. in Lake co., Cal. Glcnbrook, |). o. in Douglas CO., Nev. Glenburn, tn. in Penobscot CO., Me. Pop., 111. Glenburn, p. o. in the above tn. Glen Carbon, p. o. in Schuylkill, CO., Pa. Glen Castle, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., 2^ mis. from Chenango. Glen City, p. o. in Columbia CO., Pa. Glencoe, p. v. in Cook co.. 111., on Lake Michi- gan and t he Cliicago & Northwestern R. R., 13;!^ mis. N. by. AY. of Chicago. Glencoe, p. o. in Gallatin co., Ky. Glencoe, ii. o. in Baltimore co.,'Md. Glencoe, tn. in ^McTjCOd co., Minn. Pop., 487. *Glencoc, p. v. in above tn. and the co. seat, 25 mis. W. of Carver. It lies on Buffalo Cr., and on Hastings & Dakota division of Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R., .50 mis W. S. AA''. of St. Paul. Pop. about 500. One newspaper. Glencoe, p. o. in Bolivar eo.. Miss. Glencoe, p. v. in St. Louis co.. Mo., on the Pacific R. R. of Mo., 20 mis. AV. of St. Louis. Glencoe, p. o. in Dodge eo., Nebr. Glencoe, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R.. mis. AV. of Bellairc. Glencoe, p. o. in AYa'^hington co., Oreg. Glencoe, tn. in Buffalo eo., AYis. Pop., G7G. Glencoe, p. v. in the above t n., on the Trempea- leau R., 2it>.^ mis. N. of Winona, Minn. Glenco ITIills, p. o. in Columbia CO., N. Y. Glen Cove, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., on the Hempstead Harbor and a branch of Long Island R. R., ll}^ mis. N. of Mlneola. Two newspapers. Glendale, p. o. in Pope co.. 111. Glen Dale, p. o. in Daviess co., Ind. Glendale, p. v. in Jefferson co., Iowa, on the Burlington & Missouri R. R., 9 mis. E. of Fair- field. Glendale, p. o. in Bourbon co., Kans. Glendale, p. v. in Ilardin co., Ky., on the Lou isville & Nashville R. R., 7 mis. S. of Eliza- beth town. Glendale, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., on the Housatonic R. R., 7 mis. N. of Great Barring- ton. Glendale, p. o. in Van Buren CO., Mich. Glendale, tn. in McLeod co., Minn. Pop., 527. Glendale, tn in Scott co., Minn. Pop., 3S7. Glendale, p. o. in Cass co., Nebr. *Glendale, p. v. in Hamilton CO., Ohio, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., 15 mis. X. of Cincinnati. Pop., 1,780. Glendale, p. v. in Cambria co., Pa., 21 mis. N. F. of Fljensburg. Glendale, p. o. in Kane CO., Utah. Glendale, tn. in Monroe co.. Wis. Pop., 679. Glendale, p. o. in the above tn. Glcndorado, tu. in Benton co., Minn, Pop.. i:;.). Glendowcr, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Glen Easton, p. o. in Marshall co., W. Va., in the V. of Easton's Siding on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 17 mis. S. E. of Moundsville. Gleneden, p. o. in Lewis co., AVash. Ter. Glen Elder, tn. in Mitchell co., Kans. Pop., 25. Glen Elder, p. o. in 1 he al)Ove tn. Glen Ellen, p. o. in Sonoma CO., Cal. Glenelg, p. o. in Howard eo., Md. Gleufawn, p. o. in Rusk CO., Tex. Glenford, p. o. in Perry co., Ohio. Glen Gardner, jti. v. in Hunterdon co , N. J., on the Central R. R. of N. J., 22 mis. from Somerville. Glengary, p. o. in Fillmore CO., Nebr. Glengary, p. o. in Berkeley co., W. A'a. Glen Grove, p. o. in Douglas co., Colo. Ter. Glen Hall, p v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., on the Toledo, Wabash & AVestern R. R., 0]X mis. S. AV. of La Fayette. Glen Hall, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Glcnham, p. v. in Dutchess CO., N. Y., on the Dutchess & Columbia R. R., 2 mis. N. E. of Matteawan Pop., 92t. Glen Haven, p. o. in Los Animos co., Colo. Ter. Glen Haven, p. o. in Leclanaw co., Mich. Glen Haven, p v. in Cortland, co., N. Y., 3 mis. N. W. of Preble. Glen Haven, tn. in Grant CO., Wis. Pop., 1,177. Glen Haven, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississippi R., 18 mis. below Prairie du Chicn. Pop., 10.3. Glen Hope, p. V. in Clearfield co.. Pa., on Clearlield Cr., 21i^mls. N. W. of Tvrone. Glenlocii, p. v. in Chester co., ta., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 'i]4^ mis. E. of Downingtown. Glen Mills, p. v. in Delaware co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & AVest Chester R. R., G]4 mis. AV. of Media. Gleninore, p. o. in Ware co., Ga. Glenniore, p. o. in Oneida co., N. Y. Glcnniore, p. o. in Buckingham co., Va. Gleninore, tn. in Brown co., AVis. Pop., 730. Glenn, p. o. in Johnson co., Kans. Glenn, tn. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Pop., Glenn, p. o. in McKean co.. Pa. Glenn's, p. o. in Gloucester co., A'^a. Glenn Springs, p. v. in Spartanbnrgh dis- trict, S. C, 11 mis. from Jonesville. Glenn's Valley, p. v. in Marion co., Ind., 7J4 mis. S. of Indianapolis. Glennville, p. v. in Barbour co., Ala., 10 mis. from Ilatchechubbee. Glenora, p. v. in Yates co., N. Y., on Seneca Lake and the Elmira & Canandoigua R. K., 17 mis. S. S. E. of Penn Yan, GLEN KIDDLE. 357 GLYNN. Glen Riddle, p. v. in Delaware co., Pa., on the Plnlailelphia & West Chester R. R., V/^ mis. W. of Media, lias large manufacturing establishments. Gleu Rock, p. o. in Nemaha co., Nebr. *Glen Rock, p. v. in York co., Pa., on the Northern Central R. R.,4i^mls. S. of Hanover Junction ; center of an agricultural and iron mining region. Has woollen and rope fac- tories. Pop., 537. One newspaper. *€}lcn Roy, p. v. in Howard co., Iowa, on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 11 mis. N. W. of Cresco. Oleii Roy, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Glensdale, p. v. in Lewis co., N. T., on the Utica & Black River R. R., 10 mis. N. of Port Leyden. *Gleii's Falls, p. v. in Warren co., N. Y., 4i^ mis. N. W. of Moreau Station, on the Saratoga & Whitehall R. R. It has machine shops and saw-mills. Fine marble is quarried in the neighborhood. Pop. about 4,500. Two news- papers. Glen's Fork, p. o. in Adair CO., Ky. Glen Union, p. v. in Clinton co.. Pa., on the Susquehanna R. and the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 13 mis. N. W. of Lock Haven. Glenville, p. o. in Kern co., Cal. Glenville, p. v. in Fairfield co.. Conn., 2 mis. W. of Greenwich. Glenville, p. v. in Harford co., Md., 10 mis. N. W. of Havre de Grace. GlenTille, p. o. in Panola co.. Miss. Glenville, p. o. in Clay co., Nebr. Glenville, tn. in Schenectady co., N. Y. Pop., '2,973. Glenville, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. N. E. of Hoffman's Ferry on the New York Cen- tral R. R. Glenville, p. v. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 10 nils. N. E. of Cleveland. Glenville, tn. in Gilmer co., W. Va. Pop., 1,422. Glenville, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Little Kanawha R., 82 nils. S. of Wheeling and 40 mis. from Clarksburgh. Pop., 174. Glen Wild, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Glenwood, p. o. in Clay co., Dak. Ter. Glenwood, tn. in Mills co., lovva. Pop., 2,13.3. *Glenwood, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Burlington and Missouri River R. R., 271 nils. W. of Burlington, and 4 nils. E of Pacific Junction. Pop., 1,294. One newspaper. Glenwood, tn. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Pod., 1,196. Glenwood, p. o. in Johnson co., Kans. Glenwood, tn. in Aroostook co., Me. Pop., 1S5. Glenwood, p. o. in the above tn. Glenwood, tn. in Pope co., Minn. Pop., Glenwood, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. scat, on White Bear Lake and 25 mis. E. of Morris on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R. Fine water-power. One newspaper. Glenwood, tn. in Schuyler co.. Mo. Pop., 1,101. *Glenwood, p. v. in the above tn., on the North Missouri R. R., 24 nils. N. of Kirksvillo. Coal found in the neighborhood. One news- paper. Glenwood, p. o. in Sussex co., N. .J. Glenwood, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., 25 mis. S. E. of Buffalo. Glenwood, p. v. In Susquehanna CO., Pa., 5 nils, from Nicholson. Glenwood, p. o. in Sevier co., Utah. Gleveloek, p. o. in Monroe co., Tenn. art from W. to E. Blanco R. forms tlie S. W. boundary. Goliad is tlie co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 37,640 bush.; Irish pot's, 688 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,977 bush.; butter, 3,6.30 lbs.; hay. 28 tons. Cash value of farms, $105,484. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $56,755. Value of manufactures, $1,690. Goliad, p. V. and the co. seat of the above co., on the San Antonio R., 25 nils. S. W. of Victoria. The surrounding country consists chiefly of very productive prairies. Pop. about 1,200. One newspaper. Golindo, p. v. In Falls co., Tex., 12 mis. from Marlin. Goniber, p. o. in Guernsey co., Oliio. Gonier, tn. in Caldwell co., jMo. Pop., 558. Gomcr, p. v. in Allen co., Ohio, 4 mis. N. of Elida. Goineria, p. o. in Republic co., Kans. Gomer's Mills, p. o. in Douglas co., Colo. Gonic, p. V. in Strafford co.. N. H., near the Dover & AVinnipiseogee R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of Dover. Gonzales, co. in Tex., central part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 8,951 ; in I860, 8,059. The surface is level ; the soil fertile. It is intersected by tiie Guadalupe R., and also drained by Sandy- Fork of the same and Sandies Cr. Gonzales is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,115 bush.; Indian-corn, 2 i3,591 bush.; oats, 400 bush.; Irish pot's, 697 bush.; sweet pot's, 28,932 bush.; cotton, 2,174 bales ; butter, 37,449 lbs.; hay, 131 tons. Cash value of farms, $608,972. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includingadditions to slock, etc., $301,184. Value of manufactures, $130,360. *Gona!ales, ]). v. and the co. seat of the above CO., at the inaction of the San Marcos and Guadalupe Rs. and 60 nils. N. N. W. of Victoria. Pop., 1,255. Two newspapers. Goochland, p. o. in Rock Castle co., Ky. Goochland, co. in Va., E. central part. Ai-ea about 265 s(i. mis. Pop., 10,313 ; in 1860,10,654. It holders in the S. on the James R., and is drained bv numerous small tributaries of this stream. The surface is undulating and the soil, originally very productive, has been ex- liausted in several portions. Goochland Court House is the co. scat. Agr. protl actions in 1870: Wheat, 76,177 bush.; rye, 310 Inish.; In- dian-corn, 101,402 bush.; oats, 72,630 bush.; Irish pot's, 370 bush.; sweet pot's, 162 bush.; butter, 6,4a5 lbs.: tobacco, 405,215 lbs. Cash value of faruLS, $1,607,600. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- GOOCHLAND COURT HOUSE. 359 GORHAM. tions to stock, etc., $324,781. Value of manu- factures, sJilO-2,794. Qoocbland Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of Goochland co., Va., near the James R. and 30 mis. W . of Richmond. Ooocb's Slill, p. V. in Cooper co.. Mo., 14 mis. from Booneville. Goodale's Corner, p. v. inPenobscot co.,Me. Ooodall's, p. o. in Hanover co., Va. Ooodell's, p. o. in St. Clair co., Mich. Goodenow, p. v. in Will co., 111., on the Chicago, Danville* Vincennes R. R., 38 mis. from Chicago. Pop. about 50. Ooodfarm, tn. in Grundy co., 111. Pop., 803. Ooodfield, p. o. in Meigs CO., Tenn. Goodg'ion's Factory, p. o. in Laurens dis- trict, S. c. ■ Oood Oroaiid, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the southern shore of Long Island and on the Long Island R. R., 19 mis. E. of Mauorville. Pop., 504. Oood Harbor, p. v. in Leelena-w co., Mich., on Lake Michigan, 21 mis. N. W. of Traverse City. Oood Hope, p. o. in Elmore co.. Ala. Oood Hope, p. o. in McDouough co., 111. Oood Hope, p. o. in Leake co., Miss. Oood Hope, p. V. iuFavette co., Ohio, 7% mis. S. E. of Washington. Pop., 118. Ooodbope, tn. in Hocking co., Ohio. Pop., 98H. Oood Hope, p. V. in Cumberland co., Pa., 5]4 nils. N of Mechanicsburg. Oood Hope, p. o. in Milwaukee co., Wis. Ooodbue, CO. in Minn., S. E. part. Area, 610 sq. mis. Pop., 22,618; in I860, 8,977. Lake Pepin and the Mississippi R. separate the co. on the N. E. from Wis. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The co. is drained by Cannon R. and other tributaries of the Mis- sissippi. The La Crosse Division of the Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. B. intersects it. Bed Wing is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,815,603 bush.; rye, 2,196 bush.; Indian-corn, 209,790 bush.; oats, 825,301 bush.; Irish pot's, 85,390 bush.; butter, 470,201 lbs.; hay, 31,468 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,723,- 190. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,269,040. Value of manufactures, $1,200,698. Ooodbue, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 750. Ooodbue Centre, p. o. in the above tn. Oooding'S Orove, p. v. in Will co.. 111. Oood Intent, p. o. in Atchison co., Kans. Oood Intent, p. o. in Washington co.. Pa. *Ooodland, p. v. in Kewton co., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R., 48 mis. W. of Logansport and 8 mis. E. of Kentland. Ooodland, tn. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pop., 811. Ooodland, p. v. in the above tn., 5}^ nils. N. of Imlay. Ooodland, p. o. in Knox co.. Mo. Ooodlettsville, p. v. in Davidson co., Tenn., on the Edgetield & Kentucky R. R., 11 mis. N. of Nashville. Oood liuck, p. o. in Prince George's co., Md. Oood liuck, v. in Ocean co., N. J., 7 mis. from Toms R. Ooodman, p. v. in Holmes co.. Miss., on the Mississippi Central B. B., 28 mis. N. of Can- ton. One newspaper. Ooodricb, p. o. in Linn co., Kang. Ooodricb, p. v. in Genesee co., Mich., 8 mis. E. of Grand Blanc. Oood's Mills, p. o. in Bockingham co., Va. Ooodson, tn. in Washington co., Va. Pop., 3,835. Good Spring, p. o. in Giles co., Tenn. Oood Thunder's Ford, p. o. in Blue Earth CO., Minn. Oood View, p. o. in Bedford CO., Va. Ooodville, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Oood Water, p. o. in Coosa co., Ala. Oood Water, p. o. in Iron co.. Mo. Goodwin, tn. in Plumas co., Cal. Pop., 639. Goodwins Corner, p. o. in Union co., Ind. Goodwin's 9Iills, p. o. in York co.. Me. Ooodwynsville, p. o. in Dinwiddle co., Va. Goodyear's Bar, p. v. in Sierra CO., Cal., 6 mis. from Downieville. Ooole, p. o. in Vernon CO., Wis. Goose Creek, tn. in Piatt co.. 111. Pop., 1,120. Goose Creek, p. o. in Ritchie CO., W. Va. Goose Creek Island, p. o. in Beaufort co., N. C. Goose Island, p. o in Alexander co., 111. Goose I.ake lies partly in California and parti J- in Oregon, near the W. base of Warner Range. It is about 30 mis. long and 10 mis. wide ; its outlet is Pitt R. Goose I^ake, p. o. in Clinton co., Iowa. Goose Week, p. o. in Hickory co.. Mo. Goose River, p. o. in Pembina co., Dak. Gopber, p. o. in Osceola co., Iowa. Gordo, p. o. in Pickens co., Ala. Gordon, p. v. in Henry co., Ala., in the v. of Woodville on the Chattahoochee R. Gordon, co. in Ga., N. W. part. Area, 360 sq. mis. Pop., 9,268; in 1860, 10,146. The surface is hilly and broken. The Oostanaula R. inter- sects the CO. from N. E. to S. \V . The soil of the river valleys is highly productive. Calhoun is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 96,181 bush.; rye, 975 bush.; Indian- corn, 233,785 bush.; oa"ts, 15,827 bush.; Irish pofs, 2,261 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,214 bush.; cotton, 354 bales; butter, 80,316 lbs.; hay, 637 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,511,450. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $570,648. Value of manufactures, $317,435. Gordon, p. v. in Wilkinson CO., Ga., on the Georgia Central R. R., 20 mis. E. of Macon. A branch railroad connects it with Milledge- ville (19 mis. N. of it). Cotton is shipped here. Gordon, p. o. in Claiborne parish, La. Gordon, tn. in Todd co., Minn. Pop., 195. Gordon, p. v. in Darke co., Ohio, on the Day. ton & Union R. R., 21 mis. N. W. of Dayton Pop., 87. Gordon, p. o. in Sehuvlkill co., Pa. Gordon, tn. in Orange co., Va. Pop., 1,343. GordonsTille, p. v. in Logan co., Ky., 8 mla. from KusrsellviUe. Pop., 221. Gordonsville, p. o. in Freeborn co., Minn. Gordonsville, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., lOJ^ nils. E. of OordonsTille, p. v. in Smith CO., Tenn., 22 nils, from Lebanon. ^Gordonsville, p. v. in Orange co., Va.,atthe junction of the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R. with the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas B. R., 70 mis. N. AV. of Richmond. Gordonville, p. o. in Livingston co., Mo. Gore, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 173. Gore, p. o. in Hocking co., Ohio. Gore, tn. in Hampshire co., W. Va. Pop., 1,895. Ooresville, p. v. in Loudoun co., Va., 6 nils. S. of Point of Rocks, Md. Ooreville, p. o. in Johnson co.. 111. Gorbani, tn. in Cumberland co.. Me. Pop., 3,351. ^Gorbain, p. v. in the above tn., at the junc- tion of the Portland & Rochester B. B. with the Portland & Ogdensburg B. R., 11 mis. W. of Portland. Has manufactories of cotton goods, edge tools, machinery, etc. Oorhani, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 1,167. ^Gorbam, p. v. in the above tn., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 91 mis. N. AV. of Portland and near the eastern base of the White Mts. It contains good hotels and accommodations for tourists, and is surrounded by very pic- turesque scenery. Gorbam, tn. in Ontario CO., N. Y. Pop., 2,38a Gorbani, p. v. in above tn., near junction of Sodus Point & Southern R. B. with the North em Central E. E., 34 mis. from Sodus Point. GORHAM. 360 GRAFTOX. Gorhain, tn. in Fulton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,655. Oorliam, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. N. of Arelil)Okl. Oorinaii's Bepot, p. o. in Cocke co., Tenn. Gor<*ucli's Mills, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Goslicn, tn. in Litchflelcl co., Conn. l?op., l,-2-.>;i. Cioshen, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. W. of WoleottviUe. Croslien, p. V. in Lincoln co., Ga., 17 mis. E. of Wasliiiigton. Ooslicn, tn. in Stark CO., 111. Pop., 1,270. ♦Ciroslien, city and the co. seat of Elkhart co., Ind., on the Lake Shore and Michigan South- ern R. R.. 133 mis. VV. of Toledo and 9^^ mis. S. E. of Elkhart. It lies on the Elkhart R., which furnishes water-power for several flour- ing and saw-milLs. Pop., 3,133 ; in 1860, 2,053. T\yo newspapers. OoKhcn, tn. in Muscatine co., Iowa. Pop., 1,381. Ooslien, p. o. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Goslicu, p. V. in Oldham co., Ky., 10 mis. from Peru. Goshen, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Goshen, tn. in Hampshire Co., Mass. Pop., 368. Goshen, p. v. in the above tn., 5% mis. N. W. of Williamsburg. Goshen, p. v. in Mercer co., Mo., 6 mis. from Princeton. Goshen, tn. in Sullivan co., N. H. Pop., 507. Goshen, p. o. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. of New- port. Goshen, p. V. in Cape May co., N. J., 4 mis. N. of Cape May Court House. Goshen, tn.'in Orange co., N. V. Pop., 3,903. *Goshen, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Erie R. R., 60 mis. N. N. E. of New York, and on the Montgomery & Erie R. R. ; has several manufactories and considerable trade. Pop., 2,'20.). Two newspapers. Goshen, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 1,475. Goshen, tn. in Clermont co., Ohio. Pop., l,S7(i. Goshen, p. v. in the above tn., S14 mis. N. E. of Milford. Pop., 274. Goshen, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 928. Goshen, tn. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop., 4,(i.50. Goshen, tn. in Champaign co., Ohio. Pop., 1,965. Goshen, tn. in Bellniont co., Ohio. Pop., 2,163. Goshen, tn. in Auglaize CO., Ohio. Pop., 524. Goshen, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 21 mis. S. E. of Lancaster. Goshen, tn. in Clearflcld Co., Pa. Pop., 4G0. Goshen, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Goshen, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn. Goshen, p. o. in Henderson co., Tex. Goshen, p. o in Utah co., Utah Ter. Go.<«!)(Mi, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 330. Goshen Kridg'e, or Goshen, p. v. in Rock- bridge f(i., \':i., on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R.. 32 nds. from Staunton. Goshen Hill, p. o. in Union district, S. C. Goshen Springs, p. o. in Rankin co., Mass. Goshenvllle, p. o. in Chester co., Pa. Gosport, p. o. in Clarke co., Ala. *Go!>;port, p. v. in Owen co., Ind., on the West Branch of White R. and at the intersection of the Indianapolis & Vincennes R. R. with the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R., 14 mla. W. S. W. of Martinsville and 8% mis. N. E. of Spencer. Pop., 809. Active trade in country produce. One newspaper. Gosport, p. V. in Marion co., Iowa, 10 mis. S. AV. of Pella. Pop., 108. Gosport, tn. in Rockingham CO., N. H. Pop., 94. Gossett, p. o. in White co.. 111. Gothland, p. o. in Union co., Uak. Gouge's p. o. in Grant co.. Ivy. Gontflersville, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Gonldsborous'h, tn. in Hancock CO., Me. Pop., 1,709. GouldslJorons'h, p. v. in the above tn., on I'roii)ect ll;ul)()r, 23^4 mis. K. of Ellsworth. GoiildshoroHK'h, p. v. in Luzerne CO., Pa., 24 mis. s. K. of Wilkesbarre. Gonldsvlllc, p. 0. in Washington co., Vt., in the v. of Northfleld Farms, on the Vermont Central R. R., 3 mis. N. of Millers Falls. Gonldtovrn, p. o. in Cumberland CO., N. J. Gonrdln's Station, p. o. in Williamsburg co., S. C. Gonrley's Bridge, p. o. in Greene co., Tenn. Gouvernenr, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 3. .539. *Gouvernenr, p. v. in the above tn., on the Oswegatchie R. and Rome, Watertown & Og- dcnsburg R. R., 34^ mis. N. of Watertown. Pop., 1,627. It is th(! seat of a Wesleyan Semi- nary and has manufactories of iron, machin- ery, wagons and cabinetware. One newspaper. Govansitown, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., 5 nils. N. of Baltimore. Gove, new co. in Kuns., W. central part. It is drained by the head waters of the Smoky Hill Fork of the Kansas R. The Kansas Paciflc R. R. intersects the CO. in a north-westerly direction, ^Gowanda, p. v. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y., on the Cattaraugus Cr., 4 mis. E. of Perrysburg, Poll., 994. One newspaper. Gowanns, v. in Kings co., N. Y. on Gowauus B., 1 nile. S. of Brooklyn. Gowdeysville, p. o. iii Union district, S. C. Gowen, p. o. in Montcalm co., Mich. Gowcn, p. o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Gowensville, p. v. in Greenville district, S. C, 25 mis. from Greenville Court House. Gower, p. o. in Du Page co.. 111. Gower, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., 957. Gower, p. o. in Buchanan co.. Mo. Gower's Ferry, p. o. in Cedar co., Iowa. Gowrie, p. v. in Webster co., Iowa. Graafschap, p. v. in Allegan CO., Mich., 4 mis. S. of Holland. Graceham, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 14J^ nils. N. of Frederick, near West'n Md. R. R. Graddy's Lianding, p. o. in Desha co., Ark. Grady ville, p. o. in Adair co., Ky. Graefenherjr, p. v. in Shelby co., Ky., 8 mis. from Frankfort. Pop., 88. Graefcnberg, p. o. in Herkimer co., N. Y. Graefenburgh, p. o. in Adams co.. Pa. Grafton, tn. in Yolo co., Cal. Pop., 1,S61. Grafton, p. v. in the above tn., in the v. of Knights Landing on the Calitornia Paciflc R. R., 59 mis. from Napa Junction. Grafton, p. v. in Jersey Co., 111., near the mouth of the Illinois R., 11 mis. S. W. of Jer- sevville. Pop., 1,206. Grafton, tn. in McIIenry co.. 111. Pop., 1,361. Grafton, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. Grafton, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 94. Grafton, p. o. in the above tn. Grafton, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., i.r.'.it. Grafton, p. v. in the above tn., 2mlp. S. of New England Village and 2i^ mis. N. of Farnums- vilie ; is the seat of an academy and has manu- factories. Grafton, p. o. in Monroe co., Mich. GraftOBO, p. v. in Fillmore co., Nebr., on the Burlington & Missouri River. Grafton, co. in N. II., N. W. central part. Area about 1,2.50 S(i. nils. Pop., 39,103 ; in 1860, 42,- 267. The north-western and western boundary is formed bv the Connecticut It., whicn hero receives Miiik R. and other small tributaries. The! CO. is drained by the Pemigewassi-t R., a branch of the Merrimac; the head waters of the Saco R. and the Ainmonoosuck R. Tlio White and Franconia Mts. occupy a large portion of the CO., including several high peaks, as Moosehillock Mt., 4,790 ft. ; Han- cock Mt., 4,420 ft. ; Sandwich Dome, 3,9i» It.: Mt. La Fayette, 5,290 ft.; Eagle Head, 4, 21(5 ft.; and others. In the southern part are several lakes and ponds, as Squam Lake, >iewfound Lake and Mascoma I'ornl. Tlie CO. 13 intersected by the North New Hamp- shire R. R. and the Concord, Montreal .To White Mountain R. R. Haverhill and Ply- mouth are the co. seats. Agr. productiOiis GRAFTON. 361 GEAND HAVEN. in 1873: Wheat, 57,802 bush.; rye, 8,221 bush.; oats, 390,172 bush.; Indian-corn, 198,165 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,078,208 bush.; butter, 1,095,623 lbs.; hay, 140,220 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,106,- 924. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,034,671. Principal products of Industry: Sawed lumber, $1,020,235 ; furniture, $383,250 ; flour and meal, $300,900 ; woollen goods, $586,- 250. Total value of manufactures, $5,012,033. Orafton, tn. in Grafton CO., N. H. Pop., 907. Oraftoii, p. V. in the above tn., on the North- ern New Hampshire E. B., 18% mis. N. W. of Franklin. Orafton, tn. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Pop., 1,599. Grafton, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. E. of Troy. Orafton, tn. in Lorain CO., Ohio. Pop., 960. Orafton, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. E. of llawsonville on the Cleveland, Colvimbus & Cincinnati R. R., and on Lake Shore & Tusca- rawas R. R. Orafton, p. o. in Kane co., Utah. Orafton, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 1,008. Orafton, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. W. N. W. of Bellows Falls. Orafton, p. o. in York co., Va. Orafton, tn. in York co., Va. Pop., 1,431. *Orafton, p. v, in Taylor co., W. va., at the junction of the Ohio & Baltimore R. R. with the Parkersburgh Branch, 280 mis. W. of Balti- more and 104 mis. E. of Parkersburgh. It lies on the Tygarts Valley Branch of the Monon- gahela R., in a picturesque valley. Lumber and coal trade. Pop., 1,987. One newspaper. Orafton, tn. in Ozaukee co.. Wis. Pop., 1,864. Orafton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mil- waukee R. and on the Milwaukee & Northern R. R., 22 mis. N. of Milwaukee. Orafton Centre, p. v. in Crrafton co., N. H., on the Northern New Hamp.shire R. R., 20^4 mis. N. ^V. of Franklin. Oraham, p. o. in Independence co.. Ark. Oratiam, p. o. in Appling co., da., Oratiain, tn. in .Jefferson co., Ind. Pop., 1,408. Oraham, p. o. in the above tn. Oraliani, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,010. Oraham, p. o. in Graham CO., Kans. Oraham, p. v. in Nodaway co., Mo., 10 mis. from Bigelow. Oraham, p. v. and the co. seat of Alamance CO., N. C, on the North Carolina R. R., and on the Haw R., 18 mis. W. of Hillsborough. Oraham, tn. in Clearfield co., Pa. Pop., 638. Oraham, tn. in Mason co., W. Va. Pop., 2,325. Oraham Liake, p. o. in Nolile co., Minn. Orahamy, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop., 1,516. Oranby, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Haven & Northampton R. R., 19)4 mis. N. of Plainvill(i. Granby, tn. in Hampsliire co., Mass. Pop.. 863. Oranby, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. E. of South Hadley. Oranby, tn. in Nicollet co., Minn. Pop., 566. Oranby, p. o. in the above tn. Oranby, tn. in Newton co.. Mo. Pop., 1,889. *Oranby, p. v. in the above tn., near Granby City. Oranby, tn. in Oswego co., N. Y. Pop., ^972, Oranby, tn. in Essex CO., Vt. Pop., 174. Oranby, p. o. in the above tn. Oranby City, p. v. in Newton co.. Mo., at the intersection of the Atlantic & Piiciflc R. R. with the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 10 mis. W. of Pierce City. Oranby Centre, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., 3 mis. N. W. of Oswego Falls. Grand, tn. in Marion co., Ohio. Pop., 403. Grand Bay, p. o. in Mobile co., Ala. Grand Bay City, v. in Schoolcraft co., Mich., on Grand Isle B. of Lake Superior, 45 mis. E. by S. of Marquette and 4 mis. S. E. of Onota. Grand Blanc, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,367. Grand Blanc, p. v. In the above tn., on Flint & Pere Marquette R. R., 8 mis. S. S. E. of Flint. Grand Blnflf, p. o. in Panola co., Tex. Grand Chain, p. o. in Pulaski co.. 111. Grand Chcnier, p. o. in Vermillion parisli, La. Grand Chute, tn. in Outagamie co., Wis. Pop., 1,300. Grand Cotean, p. v. in St. Landry parish, La., 10 mis. from Opelousas. Pop., 470. Grand Crossing-, p. o. in Cook co.. 111. Grand I>etonr, tn. in Ogle co., 111. Pop., 60.5. Grand Detour, p. v. in the above tn., on Rock R., 614 mis. N. E. of Dixon. Orank. Forks, p. o. in Pembina co., Dakota Te-r. Grand Forks, new co. in Dak., N. E. part. It is Ijouuded on the E. by the Red R. of the North, which separates it from Minnesota : and is drained by its affluents. Turtle and Goose Crs. The valley of the Red R. is very productive. Grand Glade, p. o. in Crawford co.. 111. Grand Olaize, tn. in Jackson co.. Ark. Pop., 447. Grand Olaize, p. o. in the above tn. Grand Gulf, p. v. in Claiborne co.. Miss., on. the Mississippi R., 2 mis. below the mouth of the Black R., and on the Grand Gulf & Port Gilison B. R., 6 mis. N. W. of Port Gibson. It is 60 mis. above Natchez. Pop., 190. Grand Saven, tn. in Ottawa co., Mich. Pop., 3,705. *Orand Haven, city in the above tn. and the CO. seat, at the entrance of Grand R. into Lake Michigan; is the terminus of the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R^y 189 mis. W. N. W. of De- troit, and 32 mis. W. of Grand Rapids. It has the best harbor on the eastern shore of the lake, and carries on a large commerce, export- ing much lumber and other products of the country. The Michigan & Lake Shore R. B. connects it with the southern and northern parts of the state. Steamboats ply between GRAND ISLAND. 362 GRAND TOWER. Grand Haven, Milwaukee, Chicago and otlier lake ports. Pop., 3,147. Three new8papers. Grand Island, tn. in Colusa cc, Cal. Pop., 702. Grand Island, p. v. in tlie above tn. Grand Island, tn. in Erie CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,1 2(;. *Grand Island, p. v. and the co. seat of Hall CO., Nehr., on tlie Platte R. and the Union Pacilic K. R., 154 mis. W. of Omaha. Center of an agricultural and fruit-growing section. Two newspapers. Grand Isle, co. in Vt., N. W. part. Area about S7 sq. mis. Pop.,«4,08-2 ; iu 1800, 4,276. It comprises several islands in Lake Champlain and the peninsula lyin.^ between Missisqui B. and the N. W. extremity of the lake. The soil is productive. The V*erinont Central R. R. intersects the co. North Hero is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 18,774 hush.; rye 205 bush.; Indian-corn, 22,073 bush.; oats, 10.5,131 bush.; Irish pot's, 51,599 bush.; •wool, S3,83S lbs.; butter, 160,653 lbs.; hay, 12,271 tpns. Cash value of farms, $2,570,795. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $497,750. Value of niaiiufactures, $22,417. Grand Isle, tn. in Grand Isle co., Vt. Pop., 682. Grand Isle, p. v. in the above tn., on a large island in Lake Champlain and CJ^ mis. S. of North Hero. Grand Junction, p. v. in Greene co., Iowa, at the intersection of the Des Moines Valley R. R. with the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 364 mis. W. of Chicago and 24 mis. VV. of Boone. Large grain trade. Pop., 444. One newspaper. Grand Junction, p. o. in Van Buren co., Mich. Grand Junction, p. v. and the co. seat of Bell CO., Tunn., at the crossing of the Great Jackson Route R. R. with the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 64 mis. from Humboldt. Pop. about 700. Grand Iiake, in Washington co.. Me.; lies on the E. boundary of the state, and is drained by the St. Croix R. It is about 15 mis. long and has an area of 45 sq. mis. Grand I^ake Stream, p. o. in Washington CO., Me. *Grand I^ed^e, p. v. in Eaton co., Mich., near Charlotte. Center of a rich mineral region. One newspaper. Grand Marsh, p. o. in Adams co., Wis. Grand Meadow, tn. In Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 945. Grand Meadow, tn. in Mower co., Minn. Pop., 414. Grand Mea«low, p. v. in the above tn., on the Soul hern Minnesota R. R., 86 mis. W. of La Crosse. Grand Maurals, p. o. in Lake co., Minn. Grand Mound, p. v. in Clinton co., Iowa, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 5?^ mis. W. of De Witt. Grand Mound, p. v. in Thurston co., Wash. Ter., 25 mis. S. W. of Olyinpia. Grand Pass, tn. in Saliiieco., Mo. Pop., 1,956. Grand Prairie, p. o. in Brown co., Kans. Grand Prairie, p. o. in Plaquemines parish, La. Grand Prairie, tn. in Marion co., Ohio. Pop., 370. Grand Prairie, p. v. in Lewis co., Wash. Ter., 25 mis. N. of Monticello. Grand Prairie, p. o. in Green Lake co., Wis. Grand Ranids, tn. in La Salle co., III. Pop., 1,14S. Grand Rapids, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 18,157. *Grand Rapids, citj' and co. seat of Kent co., ISIich., ou Grand R. and the Detroit & Milwau- kee R. R., 157 mis. W. of Detroit, and 32 mis. E. of Grand Haven. The Grand Rapids & In- diana R. R. crosses the river here and connects the city with Kalamazoo (49 mis) and the northern parts of the state. A branch of the Michigan Central R. R. connects it with Char- lotte an47. Grant, tn. in Jackson co., W. Va. Pop., 2,031. Orant, tn. in Jefferson eo., W. Va. Pop., 4,571. Grant, tn. in Marion co., W. Va. Pop., 530. Grant, tn. in Monongalia co., VV. Va. Pop., 2,216. Orant, tn. in Nicholas co., W. Va. Pop., 729. Grant, tn. in Pleasants co., W. Va. Pop., 901. Grant, tn. in Pocahontas co., W. Va. Pop., 837. Grant, tn. in Preston eo., W. Va. Pop., 1,733. Grant, tn. in Putnam co., W. Va. Pop., 1,146. Grant, tn. in Ritchie CO., W. Va. Pop., 2,552. Grant, tn. in Wayne CO., W. Va. Pop.. 1,314. Grant, tn. in Wetzel co., W. Va. Pop., 1,021. Grant, co. in Wis., S. W. part. Area, 1,200 sq. mis. Pop., 37,979; in 1860, 31,189. The surface is beautifully diversified and consists of ridges and valleys. The S. part contains lead mines. The soil is remarkablv adapted to wheat growing. The Jlississippi R. forms the entire W. and S. VV. boundary, divi^ling the CO. from Iowa. The Wisconsin' R. bounds it on the N., and empties into the Mississippi R. The Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R. intersects the N. E. corner. Lancaster is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 914,5.55 bush.; rye, 5,765 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,744,398 bush.; oats, 1,433,020 bush.; Irish pot's, 288,917 bush.; sweet pot's, 10 bu.sh.; butter, 861,028 ll)s.; bay, 39,244 tons. Cash value of farin>, !*;ll.6r,j,s.55. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $3,629,805. Value of manufactures, $1,122,900. Grant, tn. in Clarke co., AVis. Pop., 3SG. Grant, tn. in Dunn co.. Wis. Pop., 588. Grant, tn. in Portage co.. Wis. Pop., 240. Grant, p. o. in the above tn. Grant, tn. in Sliawanaw co.. Wis. Pop., 226. Grant Conrt IIou»»e, p. v. and the co. seat of Grant co., W. \'a., 30 mis. S. of New Creek. Orant Centre, p. o. in JMonona co., Iowa. Grant iMty, p. v. in Sac co., Iowa, on the Rac- coon R., loj^mls. N. of Carroll. *Orant€ity, p. v. and the eo. scat of Worth CO., JMo., 29 mis. from Maryville. A new and growing i)lace ; in an a.gricultural section. Pop. about 700. One new.si)aper. Grantlork, p. o. in Madison co.. 111. Grantham, tn. in Sullivan co., N. H. Pop., 008. Grantham, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. of Newport. Grant Isle, tn. in Aroostook co., ^le. Pop. 088. GRANT ISLE. 365 GRATIOT. Orant Isle, p. o. in Aroostook co., Me. Orantley, p. o. in Cleburne CO., Aia. Grauton, p. o. in Bay co., Mich. Oraiitsborong-Ii, p. o. in Pamlico eo., N. C. Oraiitsburg'ti, p. o. in Johnson co., 111. Graiitsl>itrg-h, p. o. in Crawford co., Ind. Crrant<^i)tirgli, p. o. in Grayson CO., Ky. Crautsbnri^ta, tn. in Burnett co., Wis. Top., 70i5. Orantsburg'Ii, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on WoodR., 12 mis. E.by S. ofChcng- ■«'atana, Minn. Grants Hill, p. o. in St. Genevieve cp., Mo. Grant's Hill, v. in Worth CO., Mo., 12 mis. from Grant City. Grant's L.ick, p. v. in Campbell co., Ky., 20 nils. S. of Newport. Grant's Mills, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. Grant's Pass, p. o. in Jackson co., Oreg. GrantsVille, p. v. in Alleghany co., Md., 13)^ mis. W. of Frostburgh. GrantsTille, p. v. in Linn co.. Mo., 14 mis. from Laclede. Grantsville, p. v. in Tooele co., Utah, 14 mis. N. E. of Tooele, the co. seat. GrantsTille, p. o. and the co. seat of Calhoun CO., W. Va., S'l4 nils, from Ellenborough. Grantville, p. o. Litchfleld co.. Conn. Grantville, p. v. in Coweta co., Ga., on the Atlanta & West Point K. R., 7 mis. S. of Kew- nan . Grantville, p. v. in Jefferson co., Kans., on the Kansas R. and the Kansas Pacific R. R., 22 mis. N. W. of North Lawrence. Grantville, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the Boston & Worcester R. R., 13 mis. W. of Bos- ton. Grantville, p. o. in Buncombe co., N. C. Grantville, p. o. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Grantville, p. o. in Montgomery co., Tenn. Granville, tn. in Putnam co.. 111. Pop., 1,668. Granville, p. v. in the above tn., 12 nils. S. W. of Peru. Granville, tn. in Jasper co., 111. Pop., 1,260. Granville, p. v. in Delaware co., Ind., 9 mis. S. by E. of Hartford city. Graiivillc, v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., on the Mississlnnewa R. Granville, p. v. in Mahaska co., Iowa, 15 nils. N. N. W. of Oskaloosa. Granville, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 1,293. Granville, p. v. in Monroe co.. Mo., 10 mis. from Shelbina. Pop., 71. Granville, co. in N. C, N. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 24,831 ; in 1S60, 23,396. The surface is hilly ; the soil fertile. It is bounded N. by Va. Tar R. is formed in the S. part by two forks. The Raleigh and Gaston R. R. passes through the E. part, and the Roanoke Valley E. R. through the N. E. part. Oxford is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 110,209 bush.; Indian-corn, 306,113 bush.; oats, 115.593 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,484 bush.; sweet pot's, 34,298 bush.; butter, 129,595 lbs.; tobacco, 2,134,228 lbs.; hay, 271 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,007,031. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,021,975. Value of manufactures, $467,204. Granville, tn. in Washington co., N. Y. Pop., 4,003. *Granville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 19 mis. N. of Salem. Many manufactories. Slate quarries in the vicinity. One newspaper. Granville, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 2,127. ♦Granville, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Bal- • timore & Ohio R. R., 6 mis. W. of Newark ; has two female seminaries, Granville College and other excellent schools. Pop., 1,109. Granville, tn. in Mercer co., Ohio. Pop., 1,234. Granville, tn. in Mifflin co., Pa. Pop., 1,297. Granville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Sus- quehanna R. and the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 4 mis. S. AY. of Lewistown. Granville, tn. in Bradford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,375. Granville, p. o. in .Jackson co., Tenn. Granville, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 726. Granville, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. W. of West Braiutree. Granville, p. v. in Monongalia co., W. Va. 20 mis. from Fairmount. Granville, tn. in Milwaukee co., Wis. Pop., 2,401. Granville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R., 15 mis. from Milwau- kee. Pop. about 200. Granville Centre, p. v. in Bradford co.. Pa., 3 mis. E. of Granville Summit. Granville Corners, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., 9 mis. S. W. of Westfleld. Granville Snniuiit, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., on the Northerji Central R. R., 7 mis. N. of Canton. Grape Grove, p. o. in Greene co., Ohio. Grape Island, p. o. in Pleasants co., W.Va. Grapeland, p. v. in Faribault co., Minn., 16 mis. N. E. of Winnebago City. Grapeland, p. o. in Houston co., Tex. Grapeville, p. o. in AYestmoreland co., Pa. Grapeville, p. o. in Greene CO., N. Y. Grapeville, p. v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Grass, In. in Spencer co., Ind. Pop., 1,871. Grasshopper, tn. in Atchison co., Kans. Pop., 1,145. Grasshopper Falls, tn. in Jefferson co., Kaus. Pop., 1,943. ^Grasshopper Falls, p. v. in the above tn., on the Kansas R. and the Kansas Central R' R., 14 mis. W. of North Lawrence. Fine water- power and several manufactories. The At. chison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R. crosses here. Pop., 603. One newspaper. Grass liake, tn. in Jackson co., Mich. Poo.. 2,042. *Grass Liake, p. v. in the above tn., on the Michigan Central R. R., 10 mis. E. of Jack. son. Grassland, p. o. in Harrison co., W. Va. Grass "Valley, tn. in Nevada co., Cal. Pop., 7,063. *Grass Valley, p. v. in the above tn., near the Southern Pacific R. R.. and in the midst of a rich quartz mining region. One news- paper. Grassy Branch, p. o. in Cleveland co., N. C. Grassy Cove, p. o. in Cumberland co., Tenn. Grassy Creek, p. o. in Yancey co., N. C. Grassy Fork, tn. in Jackson' co., Ind. Pop., 1,188. Grassy Meadows, p. o. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Grassy Point, p. v. in Rockland co., N. Y"., on the Hudson R., 2 mis. above Warren. Grassy Pond, p. o. in Spartanburgh district, S. C. Grater's Ford, p. v. in Montgomery, co.. Pa., 11 mis., N. of Pawling by railroad. Gratiot, co. in Mich., central part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 11,810; in 1860,4,042 The sur- face is slightly undulating ; the soil fertile. It is drained by a number of small creeks. Ithaca is the CO. (seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 127,311 bush.; rye, 1,018 bush.; Indian- corn, 81,655 bush.; oats, 64,923 bush.; Irish pot's, 95,354 bush.; wool, 44,903 lbs.; butter, 306,436 lbs.; hay, 13,297 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,3.55,420. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including' additions to stock, etc., $786,512. Value of manufactures, $260,524. Gratiot, p. v. in Licking co., Ohio, 11 mis. E. oi Jacksontowu and 10 mis. W. of Zanesville. Pop., 228. Gratiot, tn. in La Faj^ette co.. Wis. Pop. 1,718. Gratiot, p. v. in the above tn., on the Peka- toniea R. and the Mineral Point R. R., 10 nils, S. E. of Darlington. GRATIS. IQG GREAT BEND. Gratis, tn. in Preble co., Ohio. Pop., 2,023. Oratis, p. o. of Wincliester in the above tn., 8 inls. from Eaton. Orattan, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,297. Cirattan, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Ada. Oratz, p. o. in Owen co., Ky. CSratz, p. V. in Dauphin co.. Pa., 15}^ mis E. N. E. of Millcrsburgh. Pop., :m Oravel Hill, p. v. in Buckingham co., Va., 20 mis. from Bremo Bluff. Gravella, p. v. in Conecuh co., Ala., on the Mobile & Montgomery R. R., 77 mis. from Montgomery. Pop. about 50. Gravelly Spring, p. o. in Lauderdale co., Ala. Gravel Point, p. o. in Texas co.. Mo. Gravel Ridg'e, p. o. in Bradley co., xlrk. Gravel Run, p. o. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Gravel Spring, p. o. in Frederick co., Va. Gravel Switch, p. o. in Marion co., Ky. Gravelton, p. o. in Wayne co., Mo. Grave Rnn Mills, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Graves, co. in Ky., W. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 19,398 ; in ISGO, 16,233. The surface is generally level and tlie soil fertile. It is drained by Mayfleld and Clark's Crs. and their affluents. The Xew Orleans & Ohio R. R. intei'sects the co. from N. to S. Mayfleld is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 96,453 bush.; rye, 20,800 bush.; Indian- corn, 842,445 bush.; oats, 24,424 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,952 bush.; sweet pot's, 24,259 bush.; tobacco, 4,774,195 lbs.; butter, 158,380 lbs.; hay, 846 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,168,722. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,560,415. Value of manufactures, $149,245. Gravesentl, tn. in Kings co., X. Y. Pop., 2,131. Tlie famous summer resort of Coney Island belongs to it. Gravesend, p. v. in the above tn., near the S. W. corner of Long Island, 9 mis. S. of New York. Pop., 2,131. Graves' Mill, p. o. in Madison co., Va. Graveston, p. o. in Knox co., Tenn. Gravesville, p. v. in Herkimer eo., N. Y., 314 mis. from Trenton Falls. Pop., 67. Gravesville, p. v. in Calumet co.. Wis., 1 mle. E. of Chitton. Gravity, p. o. in Taylor co., Iowa. Gravois Mills, p. o. in Morgan co.. Mo. Gray, tn. in White co., Ark. Pop., 2,252. Gray, tn. in Cumberland co.. Me. Pop., 1,738. Gray, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. N. W. of Varmouth. Gray, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. Y., 20 mis. N. of Herkimer. Gray Eagle, p. o. in Boucombe co.. X. C. Gray Hawk, p. o. in .Jackson co., Ky. Gray Rock, p. o. in Titus co., Tex. Graysburgh, p. o. in Greene co., Tenn. Gray's Chapel, p. o. in Jackson co., Ala. Gray's Flat, p. o. in Marion co., W. Va. Gray's Hill, p. o. in lloane co., Tenn. Gray's lianding', p v. in Greene co.. Pa., on the Monougahela R., 17 mis. S. of Millers- borough. Grays Mill, p. o. in Paulding co., Ga. Grayson, p. o. in Crittenden co.. Ark. Grayson, CO. in Ky., W. central part. Area, 700 set. nils. Pop., 11,.580 ; in 1860, 7,982. Tlie sur- face is undulating ; the soil rather sterile. A number of white sulphur springs are found. Nolin Cr. forms the S. E. boundary and Rough Cr. the N. W. Litchfield is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 25,448 bush.; rye, 2,0.56 bush.; Indian-corn, 377.005 bush.; oats, 80,- 953 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,722 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,420 bush.; tobacco, 859,760 lbs.; butter, 149,001 lbs.; hay, 1,398 tons. Cash value of farms, ;}il, 182,- 43.1. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $680,745. Value of manufactures, $148,320. Grayson, p. v. and the co. scat of Carter co., Ky,, on Little Sandy R., 17 mis. E. of Lexing. ton, and on the East Kentucky R. R.,23 mis. from Riverton. Pop., 153. Grayson, eo. in Tex., N. part. Area about 500 SCI. mis. Pop., 14,387; in isJO, 8,1S4. It is sep- arated from Ind. Ter. on the N. by Red B. Isle an Bois R. rises in the W. part au^ mis. S. of Canfield. Green Forest, p. o. in Carroll co., Ark. Green Garden, tn. in Will co., 111. Pop., 1,202. Green Garden, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. of JMoneJ. Green Garden, p. o. in Beaver co., Pa. Green ane, p. o. in Montgomei-y co.. Pa. Green I.awn, p. o. in Sulfolk co., N. Y. Greenleaf, tn. in Sanilac CO., Mich. Pop., 3.36. Greeiileaf, tn. in Meeker co., Minn. Pop.. 392. Greenleaf, p. v. in tlie aliove tn., 12 mis. S. of Litchfield on the St. Paul & Pacifle R. R. Pop., .54. Greenleaf, p. o. in De Kalb co.. Mo. Green LiCvel, p. v. in Wake co., N. C, 3 mis. W. of Apex Station on the Cluitham R. R. Green Monnt, p. o. in lancoln co., Ark. Green Mount, p. o. in Adams co.. Pa. Greenniount, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. Green Moutitain, p. o. in Marshall co., Iowa. Green Mountains, a range of the Appalachi- an sj'Stems, extending from N. to S. through Canada, Vt. and Mass. Thejr attain their greatest height in Vt., wliere they possess many lofty peaks, as Mt. Equinox, 3,872 ft.; Shre'wsburv Pk., 3,845 ft.; Mt. Pico, 3,954 ft.; Killington Pk., 4,221 ft.; Mt. Hogback, 3,648ft.; Mt. MansfleUl, 4,430 ft.; Camel Hump, 4,088 ft., and Jit. Lincoln, 4,078 ft. Although this range is the highest between the valley of the Con- necticut R. and the valley of tlie Hudson R. and Lake Champlain, it is not the divide between these waters and the largest rivers of Vt.,as ■ the Winooski, Lamoille and IVlissisquoi Rs. rise E. of and flow through them in trans- verse valleys of great pastoral beauty. Green Oak, p. o. in Fulton co., Ind. Green Oak, tn. in Livingston co., Mich. Pop., '.r.n. Green Oak, p. o. in the above tn. Green Oak Station, j). o. in Livingston co., Mich. Green Park, p. v. in Perry co., Pa., 15 mis. from Newport. Green Plain, p. o. In Southampton co., Va. *Green Point, p. v in Kings co., N. Y., on Long Island, N. of Brooklyn. Has manufac- tories and is connected by ferry with New Y'ork city. One newspaper. Greeu Point, p. o. in Bedford co., Pa. Green Pond, p. o. in Bibb co., Ala. Green Pond, p. o. in Colleton district, S. C. *Greeni>ort, p. v. and port of entry in Suf- folk CO., N. Y., on the N. E. extremitj^ of Long Island ; is the terminus of the Long Island R. R., 94 mis. from Brooklyn. Two news- papers. The harbor is one of the hest on this coast. Greenport, tn. in Columbia co., K. Y. Pop., 9,940. Green Prairie, tn. in Morrison co., Minn. Pop., 201. Green Prairie, p. o. in the ahore tn. Green Ridgre, p. o. in Scott co., Ark. Green Ridg'e, p. v. in Pettis co.. Mo., near the Missouri. Kansas & Texas R. R., and 12 mis. S. W. of Sedalia. Green Ridg'e, small v. in Luzerne co., Pa.; Is the northern terminus of the Lehigh & Su3- quehannah R. R. and the western of the Dela- ware & Hudson R. R., 2 mis. from Scranton. Pop. about 50. Green River, a tributary of Rock R.; rises in Lee CO., Northern 111., and flowing soutli-v.'est- wardly through Bureau and Henry cos. emp- ties on the boundary between Henry and Rock Island cos. Green River, a tributary of the Ohio R., in Ky.; rises in Lincoln co., flows W. through Casey, Adair, Greene, Hart, Edmonson and Butler COS., and, turning N. W. along the boundary of Ohio co., it intersects McLean CO. and joins the Ohio on the border between Daviess and Henderson cos., about 5 mis. above Evansville, Ind. The lower course is navigable. Small steamboats ascend the river as far as Greensburg, a distance of about 200 mis. Green River, a tributary of the Deerfleld R.; rises in \Vindham co., Vt., and empties in Fr.nnklin co., Mass. Green River, the longest branch of the Colo- rado of the West, rises in the Uintah co., Wyo., near the northern end of the Wind River Mts., and flows S. as far as the boundary of Utah, where it is deflected eastward by the Uintah Mts. It then passes through a forge between these mountains and the Sierra Iscalante, and resumes its southerly course through eastern Utah to its confluence with the Grand R., in Piute co. Its basin consists of two elevated basins, whieli are separated by the Uintah Mts. In the upper basin it receives the New Fork, Big Sandy R... Bitter Cr., Current Cr., Sage Cr., Black Fork with Harris Fork, and Henry Fork ; in the lower basin it receives Ashley Fork, Uintah R., Ver- million R., Yampah R., which is formed by St. Vrain's Fork and Muddy Cr., and White R. Green River, p. v. in Henry CO., 111., on Green R. and on the Chicao-o, Rock Island & Pacifle R. R., 83 mis. W. of La Salle. Green River, p. v, in Columbia co., N. Y., 12 mis. S. E. of Chatham Village. Green River, p. v. in Windham co. Vt., 10 nils. S. ^V'. of Bi'attleboro. Green River City, p. o. in Sweetwater co., AVyo. Ter., on the Union Pacifle R. R. *Greensborongh, p. v. and the co. seat of Hale CO., Ala., on the Selma, Marion & Mem- phis R. R., 6 mis. N. W. of New Bern. It is situated in a rich cotton-growing district and has an extensive commerce. Pop., 1,760. One newspaper. Greensborougli, p. v. in Craighead co., Ark., 10 nils. N. N. E. of Jonesborough, the co. seat. Greensboroug-h, p. v. and the co. seat of Greene co., Ga., on the Georgia R. R., 40 ml.s. N. of Milledgville. Pop., 913. One newspaper. Greensborougii, tn. in Henry co., Ind. Poii., 1,488. Greensboroug-ti, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. W. of Newcastle. Greensborongli, p. o. in Jackson parish. La. *Greensborougli, p. v. in Caroline co., Md., GEEENSBOPvOUGH. 372 GREENVILLE. near the Maryland & Delaware R. E,., 23>^mls. S. W. of Clayton. Grecnstoorouffli, p. v. and the co. scat of Choctaw CO., Miss., 23 nils. E. by AV. of Winona. Poi). about 300. *CSreeiisboroug:li, p. v. and the co. seat of Guilfoi-d CO., N. C, at the junction of the Nortli Carolina K. K. with the Piedmont R. R., 42 tels. W. of Hillsborough. Has considerable trade. Pop., 4!t7. Two newspapers. GrcensH>orougl», p.v.in Greene co., Pa., on the jMonouLjahcla li., 21 mis. S. of Hillsborough. Greensborough, tu. in Orleans co., Vt. Pop., Greensborougli, p. v. in the above tn., 13 nils. S. of Barton. Grcensburg, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Pop., 770. *Greensbiirs'l», p. v. and the co. seat of De- catur CO., Ind., on Sand Cr. and on the India- napolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R^ ia}4 mis. S. E. of Indianapolis ; is the seat of a flour- ishing academy, has fine public buildings, and lies in a rich agricultural district. Pop. about 2,500 ; in 18G0, 1,278. Two newspapers. ^Grcensburji^h, p. v. and the co. seat of Greene co., Ky., on the Green R., and 21 mis. E. of Munfordsville. Pop., 331. Grccnsburg-h, p. v. and the co. seat of St. Helena parish. La., near the Fickfaw R., 10 mis. W. of the New Orleans* Xorthern R. K. and 9 mis W. N. W. of Tangipahoa. One newspaper. Oreensburgli, tn. in Knox co., Mo. Pop., 991. Grcensbiirgh, p. v. in the above tn. Grcen-sbiirg-li, p. v. in Mercer co., N. J., on tlie Delaware R. and the 13elvidere & Dela- ■ware R. R., 4 mis. above Trenton. Pop., 531. Greensbui'g'h, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Po])., 779. Grccnsbiirgli, p. v. in Trumbull co., Ohio, 11'.^ mis. N. of Bazetta. *Greeiisburgli, p. bor. and the co. seat of Westmoreland eo.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 31 mis. E. S. E. of Pittsburgli ; is surrounded bv a rich agricultural district and has considerable trade. Ships much coal. Four newspapers. Pop., 1,042. Greeiisburg:li €ross Boad^i, p. o. in San- duskv CO., Ohio, 17 mis. N. of Warren. Green's €orner.s, v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on tlu^ Xew York Central R. R., near the Verona Depot, SV, mis. W. of Rome. Green's OreeK, p. o. in Catahoula parish. La. Green's Cut, p. o. in Burke co., Ga. Green Sea, p. o. in Horry co., S. C. Green's Farms, v. in Fairfield co.. Conn., 1]4 mle. E. of "W'estport and near Long Island Sound. Greens Ferry, p. o. in Cape Girardeau co.. Mo. Green's Fork, tn. in Itaudolph CO., Ind. Pop., 2,043. Green's Forli, p. o. of the village of Wash- ington, In Wayne co., Ind. Greensirte, p.o. in Webster co., Iowa. Green's I^anding, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., on Deer Isle, 33 mis. S. of Ellsworth. Greensport, p. v. in St. Clair eo., Ala., on the Coosa R., and 10 mis. S. E. of Ashville. Green Spring, p. o. in New Castle eo., Del. Green Spring, p. v. in Seneca co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R., 115^ nils. N.E. of Tiffin. Green Spring, p. o. in Cumberland co.. Pa. Green Spring, tn. in Louisa eo., Va. Pop., 2,018. Green Spring Furnace, p. o. in Washing- ton CO.. Md. Green Spring Run, p. o. in Hampshire co., W. Va. Green Sulphur Springs, p. o. in Greenbrier CO., W. Va. Greensville, v. in Grayson co., Va., on New R. Greenton, \^. v. in La Fayette co.. Mo., 10 mis. S. of Ijcxiiigton. Green Top, p. V. in Schuyler co., Mo., on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern 11. R., 11 mis. N. of Kirksville. Greentown, p. v. in Howard co., Ind., ou Wild Cat Cr., 10 mis. E. of Kokomo. Greentown, p. v. in Stark co., Oliio., 8)4 mis. N. of Stanton. Green Tree, v. in Burlington co., N. J., 12 mis. E. by S. of Camden. Green Tree, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Greenup, tn. in Cumberland CO., 111. Pop., 2,128. Greenup, p. v. in the above tn., on Embarraa R. and the St. Louis & Terre Haute R. R., 44 mis. W. of Terre Haute ; is located on a rich prairie. Pop., 53.5. One newspaper. Greenup, co. in Ky., N. E. part. Area, 474 sq. mis. Pop., 11,403 ; in 1800, 8,700. The sur- face is diversified ; the soil is not remurkably food. The county contains much iron ore. t is separated from Ohio by the Ohio R. on the N., and from W. Va. on the E. by the Sandy R. It is also intersected by the Eittle Sandy R. The Lexington & Big Sandy R. R. touches the S. E. extremity. Greenupsburg is tlie CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 20,842 bush.; rye, 842 bush.; Indian-corn, 104,- 0.50 bush.; oats, 20,804 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,498 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,075 bush.; butter, 21,853 lbs.; liay, l.OfiS tons. Cash value of farms, $1,078,840. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$202,058. Value of manufactures, $774,903. *Greeuup, the p. o. of Greenupsburgli, the CO. seat of Greenup co., Ky., on the Ohio R., 10 mis. below Ashland. Seat of an extensive coal and iron trade. Pop., 507. One newspa- per. Greenvale, p. v. in Jo Daviess co., 111. , 9 mis. S. of Warren. Greenvale, p. o. in Dallas co., Iowa. Greenvale, p. o. in Franklin co.'. Me. Greenvale, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 725. Greenvale, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. Greenvale, p. o. in Wilson eo., Tenn. Green "Valley, p. v. in El Dorado co., Cal., IS mis. E. of Roseville. Green Valley, tn. in Solano co., Cal. Pop., 592. Green Valley, p. o. in Tazewell eo., 111. Green Valley, p. o. in Decatur co., Iowa. Green Valley, p. o. in Bath co., Va. Grecnview, p. v. in Menard co.. 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 9 mis. S. S. W. of Mason City. Pop., 373. Green Village, p. v. Morris co., N. J., 4J^ mis. S. of Morristown. • Green Village, p. v. in Franklin co., Pa., 2 mis. W. of the Cumberland Valley R. R., and mis. S. W. of Sliippensburg. *Grecnville, p. v. and the co. seat of Butler CO., Ala., on the ]\lobile & Montgomery R. R., 49 nils. S. S. W. of Montgomery ; has consider- alile commerce and is rapidly increasing. Pop., 2,850. Three newspapers. Greenville, tn. in Clarke co., Ark. Pop., 749. Greenville, p. o. in Plumas co., Cal. *Greenville. p. v. in New London eo.. Conn., on the Quinebaug R. and 2^^ mis. N. E. of Nor- wich. Greenville, p. v. in New Castle co., Del. Greenville, p. v. and the co. seat of Meri- wether CO., Ga., near Walnut Cr., 15 mis. S. E. of Ilogansville. In the vicinity are famous medicinal springs. Pop. about .500. Greenville, tn. in Bureau co., 111. Pop., 901. Greenville, tn. in Bond co., 111. Pop., 1,980. *Greenvillc, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Shoal Cr. and the St. Louis & Vanda- lia and Terre Haute & Indianapolis R. Rs.. 4!l nds . E. N. E. of E. St. Louis. Center of a rich producing region. Pop. about 1,000. One news- paper. Greenville, tn. in Floyd co., Ind. Pop., 1,814, Greenville, p. v. in tlie above tn., 12J^ mis. N. W. of New Albany. Greenville, p. o. in Clay co., Iowa. GREENVILLE. 373 GEEENWOOB. *GreenTille, p. v. and the co. seat of Muhlen- bui-gh CO., Ky., on the Elizabethtown & Padu- cah R. R., 93 mis. W. S. W. of Elizabethtown and 7 nils. S. W. of Owensborough Junction. Pop., 557. One newspaper. Greenville, tn. in Piscataquis co., Me. Pop., 3G9. Greenville, p. v. in the above tn., neai* the southern extremity of Moosehead Lake, 35 mis. N. W. of Dover. *Gveenville, p. v. in Montcalm co., Mich., on Flat R. and on the Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R., .TO mis. JST. W. of Lansing. It has flouring mills, saw mills, a woollen facto- ry, machine shop and iron foundry. Pop., 1,807. Two newspapers. •Greenville, p. v. and the co. seat of Wash- ington CO., Miss., on the Mississippi K., 72 mis. N. Of Vicksburg. Pop., 890. Greenville, p. v. and the co. seat of Wayne CO., Mo., on the St. Francis R. and 29 mis. S. W. of Glenn Allen . One newspaper. Greenville, tn. in Hudson co., N. J. Pop., 2,789. Greenville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Central New Jersey R. R., 3}4 mis. S. W. of Jersey City. Greenville, v. in.Hunterdon co., N. J., 20 mis. N. of Trenton. Greenville, v. in Sussex co., N. J., 7 mis. S. W. of Newton. Greenville, tn. in Greene co., N. Y. Pop., 2.084. Greenville, p. v. in the above tn., 10}4 mis. W. N. W. of Cossakie. Greenville, tn. in Orange co., N. Y. Pop., 1,123. Greenville, p. v. and the co. seat of Pitt co., N. C, on the Tar R., 19 mis. below Tarbor- ough. The neighboring forests j'ield large quantities of tar. Pop., BOl. One newspaper. Greenville, tn. iu Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 5,688. *Greenville, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Dayton & Union R. R., at its junction with thePittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 35 mis. N. W. of Dayton. Pop., 2,520. One newspaper. Greenville, p. o. in Washington co., Oreg. Ter. *Greenville, p. v. in Mercer co., Pa., on She- nango R., near the junction of the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R. with the Atlantic & Great Westernll. R., 27 mis. S. W. of Meadville and 68 mis. S. W. of Corry. Coal mines in the vi- city. Has much trade. Two newspapers. Greenville, v. in Clarion co., Pa., 8 mis. S. E. of Clarion. Greenville, v. in Indiana co.. Pa., 8 mis. E. of Indiana. Greenvi lie, tn. in Somerset co., Pa. Pop., 494. Greenville, district in S. C, N. W. part. Area, 800 sq. mis. Pop., 22,262 : in I860, 21,892. The surface is diversified and the soil good. It is separated from N. C. by the Blue Ridge Mts. It is bounded W. by the Saluda R. and drained by its affluents. Greenville Court House is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : \Vheat, 44,421 bush.; rye, 6,116 bush.; Indian-corn, 355,- 526 bush.; oats, 23,698 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,952 bush; sweet pot's, 22,499 bush.; 'cotton, 4,864 bales ; butter, 84,980 lbs.; rice, 2,880 lbs. Cash value of farms, $983,053. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $882,200. Value of manu- factures, !J3.51,875. Greenville, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., 11 mis. N. W. of Providence. Greenville, p. v. and the co. seat of Greene CO., Tenn., on East Tennessee & Virginia R. R., 74 mis. from Knoxville. Two newspapers. *Greenville, p. v. and the co. seat of Hunt CO., Tex., near the source of the Cow Leach Fork of the Sabine R., 110 mis. N. W. of Mar- shall; in a fertile district, where cotton, wheat, oats, etc., are raised. One newspaper. Greenville, CO. in Va., S. E. part. Area, 360 sq. mis. Pop., 6,.362; in 1860, 6,374. It is bounded on the S. by N. C, on the N. by the Nottoway R., and partly on the E by the Me- berrin R. The latter stream also intersects the CO., and hero receives Rattlesnake Cr., Fontaines Cr. and other small affluents. The surface is level and the soil productive. The Petersburg & Weldon R. R. passes througli the CO. from N. to S. Hicksford is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wli eat, 5,524 bush.; rye, 30 bush.; Indian-corn, 112,393 bush.; oats, 13,509 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,475 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,572 bush.; tobacco, 33,200 lbs.; butter, 12,671 lbs. Cash value of farms, $909,097. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $395,822. Value of manufactures, .$39,594. Greenville, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., on the South R., 12 mis. from Staunton. Pop. about 450. Greenville, tn. in Outagamie co., Wis. Pop., 1,460. Greenville, p. o. in the above tn., 11 mis. W. of Appleton. *GreenvHle Court Honse, p. v. and the co. seat of Greenville district, S. C, on Reedy R. and on the Greenville & Columbia R. R., 26 mis. N. of Belton. It is picturesquely situ- ated near the base of the Saluda Mts.; has a theological seminary (Baptist) and two acad- emies, and is one of the most prosperous towns of the state. Pop., 2,757 ; in 1860, 1,518. Two newspapers. Grcenway, tn. in Clarke co., Va. Pop., 1,570. Greenway, p. o. in Nelson co., Va. Greenwicli, tn. in Fairfield co., Conn. Pop.. 7,644. Greeniricli, p. v. in the above tn., near the coast of Long Island Sound and the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. 'R.,SU mis. W. S. W. of Stamford and 31 mis. E. N. E."of New York. One newspaper. Greenwicli, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., 665. Greenwich, p. v. in the above tn., on Swift R., 3 mis. N. of Enfield. Greenwich, tn. in Cumberland co., N. J. Pop., 1,262. Greenwich, p. V. in the above tn., on Cohan- scy Cr. and near Delaware B.; is the termi- nus of the New Jersey Southern R. R., 114 mis. from Sandy Hook, N. Y. Greenwicli, tn. in Gloucester co.. N. J. Pop., 2 342. Greenwich, tn. in Warren Co., N. J. Pop., 2,587. Greenwich, tn. in Wasliington CO., N. Y. Pop., 4,030. ^Greenwich, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. W. of Cambridge. Engaged in manufactures. One newspaper. Greenwicli, tn. in Huron co., Ohio. Pop., 881. Greenwich, tn. in Berks co., Pa. Pop , 2,151. Greenwich, p. o. in Prince William co. Va." Greenwich Station, p. v. in Huron 20., Ohio, on the Cleveland, Columbus & Ciucinnati R. R., 7 nils. S. W. of New London. Greenwich Villag-e, p. v. in Hampshire co., Mass., 5 nils. N. of Enfield. Greenwood, p. o. in Etowah co., Ala. Greenwood, p. v. and theco. seat of Sebastian CO., Ark., 17 mis. from Van Buren. One news- paper. Greenwood, tn. in El Dorado co., Cal. Pop., 557 Greenwood, p. o. in the above tn. Greenwood, co. in Colo. Ter., E. part. Pop., 510. It consists entirely of broad grassy plaiiie, gently sloping from W. to E., and is inter- sected by the Hill Fork, Big Sandy Cr. and other tributaries of the Arkansas R. Farm- ing is possible only along the streams, which furnish water for irrigation. Stock raising is the chief occupation of the inhabitants. The Kansas Pacific R. R. intersects the co. from E. to N. W. Kit Carson is the co. seat. GREENWOOD. J74 GEIGGSVILLE. Greenwood, p. o. in Fremont CO., Colo. Ter. Greenwood, p. o. and the co. seat of Charles Mix CO., Dak. Ter., on the Missouri R., 15 mis. S. E. of Fort Randall. Greenwood, p. v. in Sussex co., Del., on the Delaware R. R., \3]4 mis. S. of Felton. Greenwood, p. y. iu Jackson co., Fla., 6U mis. from Quincj'. Greenwood, co. in Kans., S. E. part. Area, 450 sq. nils. Pop., 3,484; iu ISUO, 759. The sur- face is generally level and plentifully drained by branches of the Verdigris R., which inter- sects the E. part from N. to S. Eureka is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 35,419 bush.; rye, 1,411 bush.; Indian-corn, 173,- 590 bush.; oats, 24,49-2 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,774 bush.; sweet pot's, 881 bush.; butter, ,'55,285 lbs.; hay, 10,485 tons. Cash value of farms, iji9'.i7,4.53. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., .$342,- S(j8. V^alue of manu faetures, $70,757. Greenwood, tn. in Christian co.. 111. Pop., 776. Greenwood, tn. in Mellenry co.. 111. Pop., 925. Greenwood, ]i. v. in the alj'ove tn., on Nipper- sink Cr., 4% nils. W. of Ringwood. Greenwood, p. v. in Johnson co., Ind., on the Jetfersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., Wy^ mis. S. by E. of Indianapolis. Greenwood, tn. in Kossuth co., Iowa. Pop.. 280. Greenwood, p. o. in Polk co., Iowa. Greenwood, tn. in Franklin co., Kans. Pop., 1,115. Greenwood, p. o. in Caddo parish. La. Greenwood, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 845. Greenwood, p. o. in the aliove tn. Greenwood, p. o. in IJaltiniore Co., Md. Greenwood, p. v. in Middlesex CO., Mass., on the Boston & Maine R. R. Greenwood, p. o. in Ogemaw co., Mich. Greenwood, tn. in Oceana co., Mich. Pop., 249. Greenwood, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 898. Greenwood, tn. in Hennepin co.,Minn. Pop., 425. Greenwood, p. v. iii the above tn., 4 mis. N. of Delano. Greenwood, p. v. in Leflore co., Miss., 18 mis. from Carrollton. Greenwood, p. v. in Jackson co., Mo., on the Pacific R. R. of Mo., 5}4 mis. N. W. Of Pleasant Hill. Greenwood, p. o. in Deer Lodge co., Mont. Ter. Greenwood, p. v. in Cass co., Nebr., on the liurlingtou & Missouri River R. R., 28 mis. from Omaha. Greenwood, tn. in Steuben co., ST. Y. Pop., 1,394. '■ ' Greenwood, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. S. of Cauisl CO. Pop., 100. Greenwood, tn. in Columbia co., Pa. Pop., i,.588. ■* ' Greenwood, p. o. in the above tn. Greenwood, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pon.. 1,782. Greenwood, tn. in Juniata co.. Pa. Pop., 744. Greenwood, tn. in Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 1,080. Greenwood, p. v. in Abbeville district, S. C, on the Greenville & Columbia R. R., 9 mis. S. • E. of Cokesbury. Pop., 700. Greenwood, p. v. in Shelliy co., Tenn., on Wolf R. and near the Memphis & Charleston R. R. Greenwood, p. v. in i:)oddridge co., \V. Va. Greenwood, p. o. in Clark co^. Wis. Greenwood, tn. in Vernon co.. Wis. Pop., 744. Greenwood Centre, p. o. and the co. seat o£ Crocker co., Iowa. Greenwood Depot, p. o. of the v. of Green- wood, in Albemarle co..Va., on the Chesapeake & Ohio li. R., 17 mis. W. of Charlottesville. Greenwood Furnace, p. o. in Marquette co.. IMich. Greenwood Fnrnace, p. v. in Iluntingdon CO., Pa., 19>(imls. E. N. E. of .Shaver's Creek. Greenwood Iron "Works, p. v. in Orange CO., N. Y., near the Erie R. R., G}^ mis. N. of Sioatsburg. Greer, tn. in Warrick co., Ind. Pop., 854. Greer, tn. in Wapello co., Iowa. Pop., 1,252. Greensville, p. v. in Knox co., Ohio, 19 mis. N. E. of Mt. Vernon. Pop., 73. Gregg, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 1,041. Gregg, tn. in Center co.. Pa. Pop., 1,630. Gregg, tn. in Union co.. Pa. Pop., 821. Greggs, tn. in St. Francis co., Ark. Pop., 160, Greggsville, p. o. in Ohio co., W. Va. Gregory, new co. in Dak., S. part ; is bounded on the X. E. by the Missouri R., and on the S. by the Keya Paha R., which separates it from Nebr. Ponca R., a tributary of the Missouri, intersects the co. from W. to E. Gregory Iianding, p. o. in Clarke co., Mo. Greig, tn. in Lewis co., N. Y. Pop., 2,()38. Grelg, p. V. in the above tn., near the Black B., the Black River Canal and the Utica & Black River R. R., 7 mis. N. of Lyon's Falls. Greigsvllle, p. o. in Livingston co., N. Y. Grenada, co., in Miss., N. central part. Area aljout 400 sq. nils. Pop., 10,571. The surface is roiling and the soil productive. The co. is drained by the Yallabusha R. and tributaries. The Mississippi Central R. R. intersects the CO. from N. to S.. and is joined at the co. seat, Grenada, by the Mississippi & Tennessee R. R. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat 2,523 bush.; Indian-corn, 191,675 bush.; oats, 1,759 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,041 bush.: sweet pot's, 19,548 bush.; cotton, 6,479 bales ; butter, 58,916 lbs. Cash value of farms, .$1,006,960. Total, esti- mated, Vfilue of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $950,563. Value of manufactures, $22,700. *Grenada, p. v. and the co. seat of Grenada CO., Miss., on the ;Yallabusha R. and at the junction of the Great Jackson Route with the Mississippi & Tennessee R. R., 23 mis. N. of V/inona. The ri\'or is navigable to this place. Pop. 1,887. One newspaper. Grenard, tn. in Iroquois co.. 111. Pop., 541. Greshville, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Gretna, p. o. iu Jefferson co.. La. Grey, tn. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Pop., 704 Greystone, p. o. in Wilson co., Kans. Grider, p. o. Cumberland co., Ky. Gridley, p. o. in Butte co., Cal. Gridley, tn. in McLean co., 111. Pop., 1,709. Gridley, p. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., 41 mis, E. of Peoria. Pop. about 800, Grier's Point, p. o. in Perry co.. Pa, Grie^eniersville, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Grillin, tn. in Conway co.. Ark. Pop., 458. Griffin, ]). o. in Greene co.. Ark. Griflin, tn. in Pope co.. Ark. Pop., 479. *Griflin, p. v. and theco. seat of Spaulding co., Ga., at the junction of the Savannah, GriUiu & North Ahibama R. R. with the Macon & Western R. R., 60 mis. N. E. of Macon and 44 mis. S. of Atlanta, it has an active trade, ship- ing annually large quantities of cotton. Its schools are excellent. Pop., 3,421. Fivenews- pajjers. Griffin, p. v. in Schuyler co.. Mo., at Ihe junc- tion of the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R. with the Iowa & Nebi-aska R. R., 3 mis. N. of Glenwood. (griffin, p. o. tn Cuming co., Nebr. Griffin's Corncr.s, p. v. in Delaware co., N. Y., on the New York, Kingston & Sj'raeusoB. It.. 44 nils, from Ronilout. Pop. about 300. Griffin's Mills, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., 16 mis. S. E. of Buffalo. Griffinsville, p. o. in Appanoose co., Iowa, Griflithsvillc, p. o. in Lincoln co., W. Va. Griggs, tn. in Van Buren co.. Ark. Pop., 593. Gi»igg's Corners, p. o. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Griggstown, p. v. in Somerset co., N. J.^ on the Delaware & Raritan Canal, 3 mis. N. of Rocky Hill. Griggsville, tn. in Pike CO., 111. Pop., 2,645. *Griggsville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. &., 65 mis. W. GRIMES. 375 GRUBBTOWN. of Springfield. Engaged in manufactures. One newspaper. Grimes, co. in Tex., E. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 13,218; in 1860, 10,307. Tlie sur- face is nearly level ; the soil generally fertile. Brazos and Navasota Rs. form llie western boundary. Anderson is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Rye, 20 bush. ; Indian-corn, 330,690 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,318 bush.; sweet pot's, 89,966 bush.; cotton, 10,025 bales ; butter, 47,081 lbs. Cash value of farms, $991,807. To- tal, estimateil, value of all farm productions. Including additions to stock, etc., $1,021,575. Value of nranufactures, $79,770. Griinoii, p. o. in Wabaunsee co., Kans. Grim's Store, p. o. in Upshur co., W. Va. GrinviSle, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Griixl Stone City, p. o. in Huron CO., Mich. Griuueii, tn. In Poweshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 2,3S9. *Griiinell, p. v. in the above tn., at the inter- section of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. with the Iowa Central R. R., 90 mis. W. of Wilton and 119 mis. W. of Davenport. It lies on a rich prairie, is the seat of iowa Col- lege, and has considerable trade. Pop., 1,482. One newspaper. Grluiiell, tn. in Trego co., Kans. Pop., 40. Griiinell, v. in Gove CO., Kans., on the Kan- sas & Pacific R. R., 141 mis. W. of Ellsworth. Griunell, p. o. in Grundy CO., Mo. Grinsteart's Mills, p. o. in Hart CO., Ky. Grissoiii's I^audiu^, p. o. in Daviess co., Ky. Grist's Station, p. o. in Columbus co., K. C. Griswoltl, tn. in New London co., Conn. Pop., 2,. 575. Griswold, p. o. in the above .tn., 2 mis. S. E. of Jewett City. Griswold, p. b. in Hamilton co., Dl, Griswold, p. o. in Knox co., Ind. Gr is wold's Mills, p. o. in Washington co., N. Y. Griswoldville, the p. o. of the v. of Griswold in Jones co., Ga., on the Georgia Central R. R., 11 mis. W. of Gordon. Griswoldville, p. v. in Franklin co., Mass., 5 mis. K. of Shelburne Falls. Grizzly Flats, p. v. in El Dorado CO., Cal., 22 mis. E. of Shingle Springs. Groesbeck, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Groesbeck, p. v. in Limestone co., Tex., on the Houston & Texas Central R. R.,27mls. from Bremond. Pop. about 2,000. Groff's Store, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Groom's Corners, p. o. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Grooinsville, p. o. in Tipton co., Ind. Grooverville, p. o. in Brooks co., Ga. Grosse Point, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 2,230. Grosvenor Dale, p. v. in Windham co., Conn., on the Norwich & Worcester R. R., 4 m.ls. N. of Putnam. Grosse Island, p. o. in Wayne co,, Mich. Grosse Point, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Groton, tn. in New London co., Conn. Pop., 5,124. Groton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Thames R., opposite New London and on the Stoning- ton & Providence R. R., 62 nils, from Provi- dence, R. I. Groton, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 3,584. Groton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Worcester • & Nashua R. 11., 3^4 nils. N. of Groton Junc- tion ; has several mills and factories. Groton, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 583. Groton, p. v. in the above tn., 12 J^ mis. N. N. E. of Bristol. Groton, tn. in Tompkins CO., N. Y. Pop., 3,512. *Groton, p. V. in the above tn., on the South- ern Central R. R., 27 mis. S. S. E. of Auburn. Several manufactories. Pop., 833. One news- paper. Groton, v. in Delaware co., N. Y., 12 mis. N. W. of Delhi. Groton, tn, in Erie CO., Ohio. Pop,, 910. Groton, tn. in Caledonia co., "Vt. Pop., 811. Groton, p. v. in the above tn., 10>^ mis. N. W, of VV^est River. Groton Centre, p. o. in Erie co., Ohio. Groton City, p. o. in Tompkins co., N. Y., 6 mis. E. of Groton. Groton Junction, v. in Middlesex co., Mass., at tlie intersection of the Boston, Lowell & Nashau R. R. with the Fitchburg, Worcester & Nashau R. R., 31 mis. N. E. of Worcester. Gronse, p. o. in Kane co.. 111. Grout's Corners, v. in Franklin co., ]\rass. on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R.,4Sici£ W. of Fitchburg. The p. o. is Miller's Falls. Grove, tn. in Jasper co.. 111. Pop., 1,094. , Grove, tn. in Adair co., Iowa. Pop., 137. Grove, p. o. in Audubon co., Iowa. Grove, tn. in Davis CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,230. Grove, tn. In Pottawattamie co., Iowa. Pop., 356. Grove, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 424. Grove, p. o. in Chatham co., N. C. Grove, p. o. in Geauga co., Ohio. Grove, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 1,056. Grove, tn. in Cameron co.. Pa. Pop., 440, Grove, p. o. in Walworth co., Wis. Grove City, p. v. in Christian co., Ill,, 7 mis. from New Harmony. Grove City, p. o. in JeflTerson co., Kans. Grove City, p. v. in Franklin co., Ohio, 7 mis. S. W. of Columbus. Pop., 143. Grove Cottag'e, p. o. in Perry co., Ala. Grove Creelt, p. o. in Jones bo., Iowa. Grove Mill, p. v. and the co. seat of Clarke CO., Ala.. oS mis. S. of Uniontown. Grove Hill, p. o. in Bremer co., Iowa, Grove Hill, p. o. in Page co., Va. Grove Island, tn. in Alexander co., Ill, Pop,, 553. Grove Iialie, tn. in Pope co., Minn. Pop., 292, Grove I^alte, p. o. in Pope co., Minn. Groveland, tn. in Tazewell co.. Ill, Pop., 1,323. Groveland, p. v, in the above tn., on the Chi- cago, Pekin& Southwestern II. R., 8 mis. N, E. of Pekin. Groveland, tn. in La Salle co., 111. Pop., 1,561. Groveland, p. o. in Putnam co., lud. Groveland, p. o. in Adair co., Iowa. Groveland, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 1,776, Groveland, p. v. in the above tn., on tho.Mer- rimao B. and the Haverhill Branch R.R., 3 mis. N. W. of Georgetown. Groveland, tn. in Oakland co,, Mich, Pop., 1,180. Groveland, p. o. in the above tn. Groveland, p. o. in SewarcL co., Nebr. Groveland, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y, Pop., 1,455. Groveland, p. v. in the above tn. Groveland Centre, v. in Livingston co., N, Y., near the above p. v. Grove Meeting House, v, in Lancaster co., Pa. Grovenor's Corners, p. v. in Schoharie co., N. Y., 3 mis N. W. of Central Bridge on the Albany & Susquehanna R. R. Groveport, p. v. in Franklin co., Ohio, near the Columbus & Hocking Valley R. R., 11?^ nils. S. E. of Columbus. Pop., 627. Grover, p. o. in Ottawa co., Kans. Grover, tn. in Johnson co.. Mo. Pop., 1,233. Grover, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa, Grover Town, p. v. in Stark co., IncV, on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R,, 10 mis. VV. of Plymouth. Pop., 73. Groves, p. v. in Fayette co.,Ind.,nearabrai33h of the Jelferson, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 13 mis. N. E. of Rushville, Grove Spring, p. o. in Wright co.. Mo. Grove Station, p. o. in Greenville district, S. C. Groveton, p. v. in Coos co., N. H., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 33 nils. N. W. of Gorham. Grovewood. p. o. in Richland district, S, C, Grnbbtowu, p. o, in Grundy co.. Mo. GRUBBVILLE. 376 GUILFORD. Grubbville, p. o. in Franklin co., Mo. *Griietli, p. o. in Grundy CO., Tenn. C. o. in Freeborn co., Minn. Guildhall, tn. in Essex co., A't. Pop., 48.3. Guildhall, p. v. in tlie above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Connecticut R., 7 mis. N. of Lan- caster, N. H. Guilford, tn. in New Haven co., Conn. Pop., 2,576. ♦Guilford, p. V. in the above tn., on Long Island Sound and the Shore Line R. R., 15M mis. E. of New Haven ; is a beautiful place and a noted summer resort. The poet Fitz Greene Hallack was born here. Guilford, tn. in Jo Daviess co.. 111. Pop., 1,079. Guilford, p. o. in the above tn. Guilford, In. in AVinnebago co.. 111. Pop., 1,062. Guilford, p. v. in Dearborn eo., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R. Guilford, tn. in Hendricks co.. Ind. Pop., 2,10,3. Guilford, tn. in Monroe eo., Iowa. Pop.,jS73. Guilford, tn. iuAVilson co., Kans. Pop.,tX)4. Guilford, p. o. in the above tn. Guilford, tn. in Piscataquis co.. Me. Pop., SIS. Guilford, p. v. in the above tn., on Piscataquis R. and on the Bangor & Piscataquis R. R., 48 mis. from Oldtown. Guilford, tn. in Tuscola co., IMich. Pop., 353. Guilford, tn. in AVabashaw co., Minn. Pop., 813," Guilford, p. v. in Nodaway co., Mo., 17 mis. N. N. E. of Savannah. Guilford, co. in N. C, N. part. Area, C50 sq. nils. Pop. J 21,736 ; in 1S60, 20,056. The surface is diversihed ; the soil fertile. It is well drained by affluents of Cape Fear R. The North Carolina R. R. intersects the central part from AV. to E. Grcensborough is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wlieat, 132,- 783 bush.; rye, 4,861 bush.; Indian-corn, 308,- 347 bush.; oats, 169,847 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,- 521 bush.; sweet pot's, 23,480 bush.; tobacco, GUILFORD. 377 GYPSUM CREEK. 177,782 lbs.; butter, 149,490 lbs.; hay, 5,761 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,093,277. Total, esti- tlmated, value of all farm productions, In- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,056,207. Value of manufactures, $598,135. Ciiilford, tn. iu Chenango co., X. T. Pop., 2,S06. Guilford, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. E., 14^^ mis. S. of Norwich. Pop., 331. Gailford, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop., 1,809. Guilford, p. v. in the above tn., 9 m^ls. S. of Medina. Guilford, tn. in Franklin co., Pa. Pop., 3,097. Guilford, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 1,277 Guilford, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis. S. of Brattleboro ; has some manufactories. Guilford, p. o. in Accomack co., Va. Guilford, tn. in Surry CO., Va. Pop., 2,240. Guilford Centre, r>. v. in Chenango co., N. Y., 1% mis. E. of Guilford. Guilford Centre, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 7 mis. S. W. of Brattleboro. Guilford Station, v. in Loudoun co., Va., on the Alexandria, Loudoun & Hampshire R. R., 11 mis. S. L. of Leesburg. Guiney's, p. v. in Caroline co., Va., on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac R. R., 11 mis. N. of Millford. Guionsville, p. o. in Dearborn co., Ind. Guitland, tn. in Marshall co., Kans. Pop., 707. Guittard Station, p. o. in Marshall co.,Kans. Gulf Mills, p. o. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Gulf Summit, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., on the Erie R. R., 7 mis. S. W. of Deposit. Gulich, tn. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop., 601. Gull I^iake, p. o. in Barry co., Mich. Gully Branch, p. o. in Colfee CO., Ga. Gnmboroug'Ii, p. v. in Sussex co.,DeI.,14mls. E. S. E. of Laurel on the Delaware R. R. Gum Brancb, p. o. in Onslow co., N. C. Gum Creeli, p. o. in Dooley co., Ga. Gum I^og-, tn. in Pope co., Ark. Pop., 646. Gum Xeck, p. o. in Tyrrcl co., N. C. Guinplaiii, tn. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., 2,233. Gum Spring', p. o. in Blount CO., Ala. Guju Spring-, p. o. in Louisa eo., \'a. Gum Sulpbur, p. v. in Rock Castle co., Ky., on the Kuoxville Branch of the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 23 mis. from Danville Station. Pop. about 100. Gum Tree, p. o. in Chester eo.. Pa. Gun City, p. o. in Cass CO., Mo. Gundrnm, p. o. in Pulaski CO., Ind. Gun Marsb, p. o. in Allegan co., Mich. Gunnison, p. v. in San Pete CO., Utah Ter., 15 mis. S. W. of Manti. Gunn's Mills, p. o. in Warren co., Ga. Gunpowder Kiver, in Md.; rises near the N. boundary of the state ; flows through Bal- timore CO. in a S. E. direction, and empties into Chesapeake B. Guntcrs Big Spring;, p. o. in Camden co.. Mo. Gnntersville, p. v. and the co. seat of Mar- shall CO., Ala., on the Tennessee R., 20 inls. S. of Woodville on the Memi^his & Charleston R. R. Pop., 244. Guntberville, v. in Queens co., N. Y.; is the S. terminus of the Brooklyn, Bath & Coney Island R. R., and lies on the southern shore of Long Island, opposite Coney Island. Guntown, p. v. iu Lee co., Miss., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 28 mis. N; of Okolona. Pop., 240. Gurleysville, p. o. in Madison co., Ala. Gurley ville, p. v. in Tolland co.. Conn., 7J^ mis. N. of Willimantic. Gurnee, p. o. in Mason co., Mich. Gurney City, p. o. in Douglas co.. 111. Gussettville, p. o. in Live Oak co., Tex. Gustavus, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 928. Gustavus, p. V. in the above tn., 18 mis. N. E. of "Warren. Gutbrie, tn. in Lawrence co., Ind. Pop., 1,292. Gutbrie, p. v. in the above tn., on the Louis- ville, New Albany & Cincinnati R. R., 10% mis. N. of Bedford, Gutbrie, co. in Iowa, W. central part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pjop., 7,061 ; in 1860, 3,058. The sur- face is rolling, the soil well drained and rich. The South Coon R. and Middle Coon R. inter- sect the CO. from N.W. to S. E.; the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. runs near the S. W. boundary. Panora is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 164,012 bush.; rye, 36 bush.; Indian-corn, 447,380 bush.; oats, 73,- 827 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,873 bush.; sweet pot's, 44 bush.; wool, 35,180 lbs.; butter, 120,390 lbs.; hay, 10,405 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,872 960. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, includmg additions to stock, etc., $424,- 603. Vahie of manufactures, $154,938. *Guthrie, p. v. in Gutlirie co. , Iowa, on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 11 mis. from Dexter. Center of an agricultural district. Pop. about 300. One newspaper. Gutbrie, p. o. in Dickinson co., Kans. Gutbrie, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Pop., 550. Gutbrie, p. v. in Todd co., Ky., at the junc- tion of the St. Louis and Southeastern R. R. with the Memphis & Louisville R. R. and the Evansville, Henderson & Nashville R. R., 18 mis. S. E. of Russellville. Gutbrie Centre, p. v. in Gutlirie co., Iowa, 7 mis. W. of Panora. Gutbriesville, p. v. in Chester co., Pa., 4 mis. N. W. of Downington. Guthriesville, p. v. in York district, S. C, on the Kings Mountain R. R., 7 mis. S. of Yorkville. Gntli's Station, p. o. in Lehigh co.. Pa. *Gattenburg'b, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, on the Mississippi R. and on the Chicago, Du- buque & Minnesota R. R., 18 mis. S. of Mc- Gregor. Is the mart for a rich agricultviral and loadminingregion. Pop., 1,040. One newspaper. Guyan, tn. in Gallia co., Ohio. Pop., 1,279. Guyandotte, tn. in Cabell co., W. Va. Pop., 2,095. Guyandotte, p. v. in the above tn.,at the junction of the Ohio R. with the Guvandotte R., and on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 5 nils, from Huntingdon. Pop., 427. One newspaper. Guyandotte River, tributary of the Ohio R., in W. Va.; rises on the W. side of the Great Flat Top Mt., in Wyoming co., and flows through Logan and Cabell cos. Guymtird, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y., on the Erie R. R., 7^ mis. N. E. of Port Jervis. Guy's Mills, p. v. in Crawford co., Pa., 10 mis. E. of Mead ville. Guy's Store, p. o. in Leon co., Tex. Guysville, p. o. in Athens co., Ohio. Guy ton, p. v. in Eflinghani co., Ga., near the Ogeechee R., and on the Georgia Central R. R., 30 mis. N. W. of Savannah. Gwendale, p. o. in Deer Lodge eo., Mont. Ter. Gwin Mine, p. o. in Calaveras co., Cal. Gwinnett, co. in Ga., N. central part. Area, 455 sq. mis. Pop., 12,431; in 1860,12,940. It is bounded ou the N. W. by tlie Chattahoochee R., and drained by several branches of the Ocmulgee R., as Yellow R., Ulcofauhachee R., and Appalachee R. The surface is hilly and the soil productive. Lawrenceville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 55,102 bush.; rye, 213 bush.; Indian-corn, 206,210 bush.; oats, 31,707 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,171 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,964 bush.; butter, 65,787 lbs.; cotton, 1,391 bales. Cash value of farms, $92.5,718. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $63.'^,014. Value of manufactures, $161,749. Gwynedd, tn. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pop. 2,094. Gwynedd, p. o. in the above tn., on the Nortli Pennsylvania R. R. Gypsuhi, p. V. in Ontario co., N. Y., 3 mlg. N. of Clifton Springs. Gvpsum Creek., tn. in McPherson CO., Kaas. Pop., 117. Gypsum Creek, p. o. in the above tn. HABERSHAM. 378 HALCYON DALE. H. nabersbam, co. in Ga., X. E. pai't. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 6,3'2-2; in 1860,5,96(3. It is bounded on the N. andN. E. by Tallula and Tugaioo lis., branches of the Savannah li. The Chattahoochee R. rises in this co. anil in- tersects it from N. E. to S. \V. The surface is mountainous ; the soil of the valleys highlj^ productive. Clarksville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 5,409 bush.; rye, 4,795 bush.; Indian-corn, 13'2,8J4 bush.; oats,5,915 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,.'5tJ7 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,'297bush.; cotton, 79 bales ; butter, 83,241 lbs.; hay, 111 tons. Cash value of farms, $1(35,845. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., §2(i9,- 719. Value of manufactures, $42,791. XIackberry, tn. in Labette co., Kans. Pop., 037. Hackberry, p. v. in Lavaca co., Tex., 7 mis. N. of llaUettsville. nackensack, tn. in Bergen co., N. J. Pop., S,038. ^MackciDiiack, p. v. and the co. seat of Ber- gen CO., N. J., on the Ilacken.sackll., the New Jersey Midland R. U. and the New York & Erie li. K., 13 mis. N. W. of Jersey City. The residents are largely New York businessmen. Pop., about 2,00(1. Three newspapers. Ilackensack River rises in Rockland co., N. Y., tiow s S., intersecting Bergen co., N. J., and empties into Newark B. at its N. E. angle. Its valiej' is very productive. The tributa- ries are Lamington K., Millstone R., Stony Brook, Green Brook and South Rs. It drains an area of 132 sq. mis. Hacker's €reek, p. o. in Lewis co., W. Va. Hacker's Valley, p. o. in Webster co., W. Va. Hackersville, p. o. in Barbour co., W. Va. Uackettstowu, tn. in Warren co., N. J. Pop., 2.202. *Hackettstown, p. v. in the above tn., on the Morris <& Essex K. R., 02 mis. W. of New York. Has ilouring mills and is the seat of a semi- nary. Two newspapers. Hackleiuaii, p. o. in Grant co., Ind. Hackney, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Hackney ville, p. o. in Tallapoosa CO., Ala. Haildaui, tn. in Middlesex co., Conn. Pop., 2,071. Haddain, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. .seat, on tlie Connecticut A'allcy R. R. and the Connecticut R., 11% mis. N. W. of Saybrook and 20}^i mis. S. E. of Hartford. In the vicin- ity are granite quarries. Haddant, p. o. in Washington co., Kans. Haddain JJeck, p. v. in Middlesex co., Conn., near the Connecticut R., i]/i mis. S. E. of Mid- dle Haddain Haddock Station, p. o. in Jones co., Ga. Haddoii, In. in Sullivan co., Ind. Pop., 2,750. H.adV'hite water Canal, and at the junction of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. witli the White- water Valley R. R., l(j mis. from Richmond. It is surrounded bj'' a rich farming country. Pop., 830. Hagers ville, p. o. in Bucks co.. Pa. Hadley, p. o. in Cass co., Ill, llag'ue, tu. in Warren co., N. Y. Pop., C37. Hag'uc, p. V. in the above tn., on Lake George, 10 mis. S. W. of Ticouderoga. Ha^ue, p. V. in ^Vestmoreland co., Va., near the Potomac R., 82 mis. E. of Fredericksburg. Hahnainan, tn. in Whitesides co.. 111. Pop.,024. Hailesboroiig'ta, p. o. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Hailville, p. o. in Houston co., Tex. Haines, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop. 1,354. Hainesburg'li, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., 3 mis. N. E. of Columbia. Hainesville, p. v. in Lake co.. 111., 12 mis. W. of Waukegan. Hainesville, p. v. in Clinton co.. Mo., 12 mis. S. E. of Plaltsburgh, the co. seat, and215i mis. N. E. of Holt. Pop., 248. Hainesville, p. v. in Sussex co., N. J., 5 mis. fioni Milford, Pa. Hainesville, p. o. in Berkeley co., W. Va. Hair's Valley, p. o. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Halbert, tu. in Martin co., Ind. Pop., l,33u. Halcott. tn. in Greene co., N. Y. Pop., 42ti. Halcott Center, p. o. in the above tn. Haloottsville, p. v. in Delaware co., N. Y., on the New York, Kingston & Syracuse R. R., 49 mis. from Kingston. Pop. about 100. Halcyon I>ale, p. v. in Scriven co., Ga, on the Georgia Central R. R., 50 mis. from Sa- vannah. Pop. about 200. HALDANE. 379 HALLETTSVILLE. Ilaldane, tn. in Ogle co., 111. Pop., 1,265. Saldaiie, p. v. in Ogle co.. 111., on tlie Illinois Central II. R., IS^mls. N. of Dixon. Hale, CO. in Ala., W . central part. Area about 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 21,792. The Black War- rior R. forms the western boundary, and its tributaries. Five Mile Cr., Big Cr., German Or. and Big Prairie Cr. drain the co. The surface is undulating and has a general slope from N. "W. to S. E. The soil is productive. Greensborough is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : ^Vlieat, 300 bush.; rye, 15 bush.; Indian-corn, 384,420 bush.; oats, 5,240 bush.; Irish pot's, 325 bush.; sweet pot's, 20,462 bosh.; cotton, 18,573 bales ; butter, 74,257 lbs. Cash value of farms, $2,639,207. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,029,383. Value of manufactures, $201,082. Hale, p. V. in Ogle co., Ill,, 13 mis. from Rock- ford. Hale, tn. in "Warren co.. 111. Pop., 1,212. Hale, tn. in Jones co., Iowa. Pop., 997. Hale, p. o. in Kossuth eo., Iowa. Hale, tn. in McLcod co., Minn. Pop., 399. Hale, p. o. in McLeod co., Minn. Hale, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,254. Hale, tn. in Trempealeau co., "Wis. Pop., 616. Hale, p. o. in the above tn. Malesborou^h, p. o. in Red River co., Tex. Hale's Corners, p. v. in Milwaukee co., Wis., 9 mis. S. W. of Milwaukee. Hale's Creek, p. v. iu Scioto co., Ohio, on the Portsmouth Branch of the Marietta & Cin- cinnati R. R., 27 mis. S. of Jackson. Hale's Eddy, p. v. in Delaware co., N. Y., on the \Vest Branch of the Delaware R. and on the New York & Erie R. R., 5 mis S. E. of De- posit. Hale's Ford, p. o. in Franklin co., Vn. Hale's jVIills, p. o. in Peoria co., 111. Hale's Mills, p. o. in Fentress co., Tenn. Hale's I'oiut, p. o. Lauderdale co., Tenn. Hale Vlllajje, p. o. in .Jones co., Iowa. Hale Wood, p. o. in Madison co., N. C. Haley's, p. o. in Marion eo., Ala. HaleysbHrgli, p. o. in Luuenburgb CO., Va. Haleys Mill, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. Haley's Station, p. o. in BeiU'ord co., Tenn. Halt' Bay, p. v. in Lake co., 111., 8 mis. "W. of Highland Park on the Chicago & Kortbwest- ern li. R. Half Moon, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop., 3,093. n 1 X', Half Moon, p. o. in the above tn. Half Moon, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop., 698. Half Moon, p. o. in the above tn. Half Moon Bay, tn. in San Mateo co., Cal. Pop., 1,605. Half Moon Bay, p. o. in the above tn. Half Moon Island, p. o. in Roane co., Tenn. Half Rock, p. o. in Mercer co.. Mo. Half Way, p. v. in Polk co.. Mo., 10 mis. from Bolivar. Half Way, p. o. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Half Way Creelt, p. v. in La Crosse co.. Wis., Smls. N. of Onalaska. Half Way Prairie, p. o. in Monroe co., Iowa. Halifax, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop., Halifax, p. v. in tbe above tn., 4 mis. W. of Plvmpton. Halifax, co. In K. C, N. E. part. Area, 650 sq. mis. Pop., 20,403: in 1860, 19,442. The sur- face IS diversified ; the soil is generally fertile. The Roanoke R. forms the entire N. and E. boundary, and the Fishing R. most of the S. boundary. Tlie Wilmington & Weldon R. R., the Roanoke Valley R. R., Petersburg R. R., and llie Sea Board & Roanoke R. R. all center at Weldon, in theN. part of the co. Halifax is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in ls70: Wheat, 5,577 bush.; Indian-corn, 353,808 bush.; oats, 25,367 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,491 bush.; sweet pot's, 28,169 bush.; cotton, 11,716 bales; butter, 21,071 lbs.; hay, 2,321 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,875,197. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,546,904. Value of manufactures, §72,724. *Halifax, p. v. and the co. seat of Halifax CO., N. C, on the Roanoke R. and the Wil- mington & Weldon R.R., S mis. S. of Weldon. Pop., 429. Halifax, tn. in Dauphin co., Pa. Pop., 1,905. Halifax, p. v. iu the above tn., on the Susque- hanna R. and the Northern Central R. R., 514 mis. S. of Millersburgh. Pop., 508. Halifax, co. in Va., S. part. Area abont 850 sq. mis. Pop., 27,828 ; in 1860, 26,520. The Staunton R. forms the northern boundary and part of the eastern. The Dan R. flows through the CO. from W. to E., and receives Banister Cr. and other small tributaries. The surface is undvTlating and the soil productive. The Richmond, Danville & Piedmont R. R. inter- sects the CO. Halifax Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 123,763 bush.; rj-e, 4,614 bush.; Indian-corn, 387,227 bush.; oats, 168,970 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,950 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,896 bush.; tobacco, 3,838,284 lbs.; butter, 55,480 lbs. Cash value of farms, $2,545,- 790. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, mcluding additions to stock, etc., $1,132,251. Value of manufactures, $205,301. Halifax, tn. iu Windham co., Vt. Pop., 1,029. Halifax, p. v. in the above tn., IC mis. W. S, W. of Brattleboro. ♦Halifax Conrt Monsc, p. v. and the co. seat of Halifax co., Va., 6 mis. W. of Scotts- burgh. In the midst of a mining section ; has several mills and foundries and one newspa- per. Hall, CO. in Ga., N. E. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 9,607 ; in 1860, 9,366. It is inter- sected by the Chattahoocliee R. from N. E. to S. W., and bounded on the W. by the Chesta- tee R. The S. E. part of the co. "is drained by the head waters of the Oconee R. The sur- face is hilly. A low ridge borders the valley of the Chattahoochee R. on tlie S. The soil along the streams is productive. Gainesville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 39,655 bush.; rye, 791 bush.; Indian-corn, 212,656 bush.; oats, 20,081 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,315 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,315 bush.; cotton, 288 bales; butter, 02,101 lbs.; hay, 110 tons. Cash value of farms, $588,055. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $442,902. Value of manu- factures, $418,922. Hall, tn. in Bureau co.. 111. Pop., 1,059. Hall, tn. in Dubois CO., Ind. Pop., 2,046. Hall, p. v. in Morgan co., Ind., 10 mis. S. W. of Mooresville. Hall, CO. in Nebr., S. central part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 1,057 ; in 1800, 116. It has an un- dulating prairie surface, and is traversed by the Platte R. and Prairie Cr., an affluent of the Loup Fork. Tlie Union Pacific R. R. inter- sects the CO. in a N. E. and S. W. direction. Grand Island is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 17,781 bush.; Indian-corn, 49,443 bush.; oats, 44,350 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,355 bush.; butter, 36,!i81 lbs.; hay, 3,753 tons. Cash value of farms, $258,600. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $111,025. Value of mauufactures, $57,245. Hall, p. o. in York co., Pa. Hall Centre, p. o. iu Wayne Co., N. V". Hall Creek, p. o. in Monroe co., Iowa. Halleck, p. o. of tlie v. of Taos, in Buchanan CO., Mo., 15 mis. E. N. E. of St. Joseph. Halleck, in Elkoco., Nov.; station on the Cen- tral Pacific R. R., 70 mis. W. of Toano, and on Humboldt R., opposite Fort Halleck. Hallettsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Lavaca CO., Tex., on the Lavaca R., 95 mis. S. E. of Austin and 30 mis. from Columbus, Pop;, 431. One newspaper. HALLOCK. 380 HAMILTON. Kallook, tn. in Peoria co., 111. Pop., 1,094. Hallock, p. o. in the above tn. Uallock's mills, p. o. in "Westcliestcr co., N. Y. *Hallowell, city in Kennebec co., Me., on the Kennel)ec R. ancl the Portland & Kennebec It. B., 2 nils. S. of Augusta. Has factories of cot- ton goods, oil cloth, carpets, etc., and is pic- turesquely situated. Steamboats run between here and Boston. Pop., 3,007. Hallsborougli, p. o. In C'hesterfleld co., Va. Hall's Corners, p. o. in Allen co., Ind. Hall's Corners, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., on the Elmira, JotTcrson & Cauandaigua E. R., 14 mis. S. E. of Cauandaigua. Hall's Gai> Station, p. o. in Lincoln co.,Ky., on the Louisville & Nashville K. R. Hall's Hill, 11. o. in Rutherford co., Tenn. Hall's Mills, p. o. in Bartow CO., Ga. ]f allsport. p. o. in Allegany co., N. Y. Hall's Valley, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Hallsville, p. o. in Pike co., Ala. Hallsville, p. o. in De Witt co.. 111. Hallsville, p. v. in Boone co.. Mo., on the Columbia Branch of the North Missouri R. R., 8 mis. S. W. of Centralia. Hallsville, p. v. in Montgomery co., N. Y., 4 mis. W. of Fort Plain. Hallsville, p. o. in Duplin co., N. C. Hallsville, p. v. in Ross CO., Ohio, 14 mis. S. E. of Circleville. Hallsville, p. o. in Ilarrison co., Tex. Halltown, p. o. in Saline CO., 111. Halltown, p. v. in Jefferson co., AV. Va., on the Winchester & Potomac R. R., 4 mis. S. W. of Har]icr's Ferry. Hallvillc, V. in Sweet Water co.,Wyo. Ter., on the Union Pacific R. R., 13 mis. W. of Bitter Cr. In the vicinity are iiroductive coal mines. Halsa's Ferry, p. o. in Nodaway co.. Mo. Halsellvillc, p. o. in Chester district, S. C. Halsey, p. v. in Linn co., Orcg. Halsey Valley, p. o. in Tioga co., N. Y. Haltonis, p. o. in Montgomery co., Tex. Hanibau^'li's, p. o. in Warren co., Va. Hamblen, new co. in Teun., N. E. part ; Las been set off from Grainger and Jefferson cos. It lies in the great valley of East Tennessee and has a very prodvictive soil. The Holstou R. forms the northern boundary and the NoUechucky R. the southern. The East Tennessee, 'Virginia & Georgia R. R. inter- sects the CO. Morristown is the co. scat. Hanibleton, p. o. in Talbot co., Md. Ilainblin, tn. in Brown co., Ind. Pop., 2,011, Mainbiir$;li, p. o. in Perry CO., Ala. ^Hainburg-li, p. v. and c6. seat of Ashley co.. Ark., 110 mis. S. by E. of Little Rock and 3.5 mis. S. W. of Gaines Lauding on the Missis- sippi R. One newspaper. Haniburg-li, p. v. in New London co.. Conn., near the Connecticut R., mis. N. of Lyme. Hainburg'li, tn. in Calhoun co.. 111. Pop., 707. Hanibnr$;'li, p. v. in the above tn., near the , Mississippi R. and 28 mis. S. W. of White- hall. Haniburg'li, p. o. in Franklin co., Ind. Hamburgh, v. in Clarke co., Ind.,1 mle. from Sellersburg. *Han»bnrgli, p. v. hi Fremont co., Iowa, 11 mis. S. of Sidney and on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., at the junction of Nebraska City Branch. It has two news- papers. Haniburg^Ii, tn. in Livingston co., Mich. Pop., !t07. Hanibnrg'li, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. S. E. of Howell. Pop., 81. Hainbnrg'li, p. v. in St. Charles co.. Mo., on the Missouri K., 17 nils. S. W. of St. Charles. Hanibnrg'li, p. v. in Sussex co., N. J., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 41 mis. from Paterson. Pop. about 2.50. Hambnr^rli, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 2,034. Hauiburi^ti, p. o. in the above tn. Hambnr^It, v. in Fairfleld co., Ohio, 2S mis. S. S. E. of Columbia. Haniburgfli, v. in Preble CO., OMo, 30 mis. N. N. W. of Dayton. Hanibnrg'li, j). bor. in Berks co., Pa., on the Sclnivllcill R. and Canal and the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 17 mis. N. of Reading. Has a large trade in coal and iron. Pop., 1,590. Two newspapers. Hanibnrg'li, p. v. in Aiken district, S. C, on the Savannali R., opposite Augusta, Ga., and the South Carolina R. E., 10 mis. S. W. of Aiken. A bridge crosses the river. Pop. about 500. Hanibnrg'li, p. v. in Hardin co., Tenn., on the Tennessee R., 8 mis. fi'om Savannah. Haniburg-ta, p. v. in Shenandoah co.^ Va. Haniburgb, tn. in Vernon co., Wis. Pop., 1,'208. Hainby Station, p. o. in Hopkins co., Ky. Hain5 bush.: cot- ton 1,415 bales. Cash value of farms, .'^■J5G,150. Total, estimated, value of all farm in'oduc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $'2(j3,- 34.5. Value of manufactures, *;43,.575. Hamilton, p. v. and the co. scat of Harris co., Ga., 22 nils. N. of Columbus. Pop., 3.5V). Hamilton, co. in 111., S. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 13,014 ; in 1860, !),9I5. It is mostly prairie land, bufnot particularly fertile. Itis drained by a fork of t lie Lift le \V al msli and by North Fork of Saline Cr. McLeansborongh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 92,473 bush.; rye, 11,072 bush.; Indian-corn, 735,2.52 bush.; oats, 203,464 bush.; Irish pot's, 28,402 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,743 bush.; butter, 195,246 lbs ; hay, 6,397 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,977,070. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,131,953. Value of manufactures, $322,060. Hamilton, tn. in Hancock co.. 111. Pop., 1,019. ^Hamilton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mis- sissiiipi R., opposite Keokuk, Iowa, and on the Toledo, "Wabash & Western R. K. Pop., 750. Hamilton, tn. in Lee CO., 111. Pop., 186. Hamilton, co. in Ind., central part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 20,894 ; in 1860, 17,319. It is HAMILTON. 381 HAMILTON. drained l^y the White R. and Cicero Cr. The surface is generally level and the soil very loroductive. The co. is intersected by the In- dianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R. Noblesville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : ^Wheat, 518,039 bush.; rye, 1,821 bush.; Indian- corn, 97'2,(J60 bush.; oats, 7i,llii bush.; Irish pot's, 65,095 bush.; sweet pot's, 1.419 bush.; butter, '336,215 lbs.; hay, 9,793 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,840,058. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,746,085. Value of manufac- tures, $1,-274,168. Hamilton, v. in Clinton co., Ind., 8 mis. from Stockwell. Sainiltou, tn. in Delaware co., Ind. Pop., 1,1-29. Hamilton, tn. in Jackson co.,Ind. Pop., 1,565. Hamilton, p. v. in Steuben co., Ind., 9 m.ls. S. E. of Aijgola. Hamilton, tn. in Sullivan co., Ind, Pop., 3,759. Hamilton, co. in Iowa, central part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., 6,055; in 1860, 1,699. The surface is rolling ; the soil quite productive. It is intersected^ by White Fox R. in the W. part. Lake Caro is situated in the central part, and Iowa Lake in the N. E. part. The Dubuque & Sioux City R. R. intersects the N. part from E. to W. Webster City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 126,978 bush.; In- dian-corn, 214,818 bush.; oats, 80,206 bush.; Irish pot's, 26,323 bush.; wool, 1,907 lbs.; but- ter, 153,755 lbs.; hay, 14,715 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,640,591). Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions lo stock, etc., $425,0-25. Value of manufac- tures, $143,963. Hamilton, tn. in Decatur CO., Iowa. Pop., 846. Hamilton, tn. in Hamilton co., Iowa. Pop., 546. Hamilton, p. v. in Marion co., Iowa., 15 mis. S. E. of Knoxville. Hamilton, p. o. in Crawford co., Kans. Hamilton, p. o. in Boone co., Ky. Hamilton, p. o. in Ouachita parish. La. Hamilton, tu. in Essex co., ]Mass. Pop., 790. Hamilton, x). v. in the above tn., near the Eastern R. R., 8 mis. N. of Salem. Hamilton, p. v. in Allegan co., Mich., on the Michigan & Lake Shore R. R., ^14 mis. S. E. of Holland. ; Hamilton, tn. in Gratiot co., Mich. Pop., 294. Hamilton, tn. in Van Bureu co., Mich. Pop., 1,17-2. Hamilton, p. v. in Fillmore co., Minn., 3 mis. N. W. of Spring Valley. Hamilton, v. in Houston co., Minn., 22 mis. S. of Winona. Hamilton, p. v. in Monroe CO., Miss., near the Tonibigbee R. and 12},-^ nils. S. of Aberdeen. Hamilton, tn. in Caltfweli co.,Mo. Pop., 1,658. Hamilton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Han- nibal & St. Joseph R. R., 11 nils. W. of Breck- enridge. Pop., 975. One newspaper. Hamilton, p. v. in Gallatin co., Mont. Ter., 23 mis. N. W. of Bozeman.' Hamilton, co. in Nebr., S. central part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 130. The Platte R. forms the north-western boundary, and a number of Crs., tributaries to the Big Blue R., rise in this CO. and drain it. The.surface is rolling, and the prairies, which coVer the largest por- tion of it, are well adapted to stock raising and grazing. Orville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,542 bush.; lutU- an-eorn, 1,660 bush.; oats, 2,566 bush. ; Irish pot's, 710 bush., butter, 1,931 lbs.; hay, 197 tons. Cash value of farms, $43,400. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $14,645. Hamilton, tn. in Atlantic co., N. J. Pop., 1,-271. Hamilton, tn. in Mercer CO., N. J. Pop., 5,417. ^Hamilton, city and the co. seat of Wlnle Pine CO., Nev., at the base of Treasure Hill and 115 mis. S. of Palisade on the Central Pa- ciflc R. R. It is the center of trade for the rich mineral country which surrounds it. Pop., 3,913. One newspaper. Hamilton, co. in N. Y., K. E. central part. Area about 1,675 sq. mis. Pop., 2,960 ; in 1800, 3,0-24. It lies almost wholly within the Adi- rondack region, and thus has a very rough and mountainous surface. Numerous lakes and ponds diversify its surface. Raquette Lake, Little Tuppers Lake and Long Lake, in the northern part, are drained by the Raquette R.; Lake Pleasant and others are in the southern part, which is drained by the East and West branches of the Sacondaga R. The central 23art includes some of the source streams of the Hudson R., while the W. part of the co. gives rise to numerous small affluents of the Black R., a tributary of Lake Ontario. Sage- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 294 busli.; rye, 113 bush.; Indian-corn, 5,781 bush.; oats, 21,980 bush.; Irish pot's. 46,317 bush.; sweet pot's, 470 bush.; butter, 78,.312 lbs.; hay, 7,358 tons. Cash value of farms, $613,488. Total, estimated, value of all farm prodnc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $-201,- 158. A'alue of uranufactures, $578,550. Hamilton, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Pop., 3,687. ^Hamilton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Uti- ca, Clinton & Binghamton R. R. and the Che- nango Canal, 28 iiils. S. W. of Utica. Is the seat of Madison University, which is under the dii»cction of the Baptists. Pop., 1,5'29. Three newspapers. Hamilton, p. v. in INIartin co., N. C, at the head of navigation of the Roanoke R., 7^4 mis. from Roljertsonville. Pop., '200. Hamilton, co. in Ohio, S. W. part. Bounded W. by Ind. and S. by Ohio R. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop.", 260,370 ; in 186U, 216,410. The surface is hilly and exceedingly fertile. Large quanti- ties" of grapes, orchard and garden produce are grown for the Cincinnati market. It is intersected by the Great and Little Miami Rs. For the railroad facilities of the co. see Cin- cinnati. Cincinnati is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870; Wheat, 162,607 bush.; rye, 22,706 bush.: Intlian-corn, 1,-256,726 bush.; oats, 268,089 bush.; Irish pot's, 562,537 bush.; sweet pot's, -22,186 bush.; butter, 773,387 lbs.; hay, •25,304 tons. Cash value of farms, $-27,7-23,3o3. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,305,248. Value of manufactures, $78,905,980. ^Hannilton, city and the co. seat of Butler co., Ohio, on the Miami R., at the junction of the Cincinnati & Richmond R. R. with the Ham- ilton & Dayton R. R., -25 mis. N. of Cincinnati and 35 mis." S. W. Dayton. It has large mills and manuhactoring establishments. The sur- rounding district is rich and well settled. Pop., 11,081 ; in 1860, 7,2-23. Four newspapers. Hamilton, tn. in Franklin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,8-27. Hamilton, tn. Lawrence co., Ohio. Pop., 1,108. Hamilton, tn. in Jackson co., Ohio. Pop., 1,108. Hamilton, tn. in Warren co., Ohio. Pop., 2,466. Hamilton, p. v. in Jefferson CO., Pa., on Ma- honing Cr., -25 mis. E. N. E. of Kittanning, Hamilton, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 1,118. Hamilton, borough in Adams CO., Pa. Pop., 1,400. Hamilton, tn. in Franklin CO., Pa. Pop., 1,630. Hantilton, tn. in McKean co., Pa. Pop., 120. Hamilton, tn. m Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 1,892. Hamilton, co. in Tenn., S. part. Area, 380 sq. mis. Pop., 17,-241 ; in 1860, 19,004. The surfaca is hilly, the co. being traversed by ridges of the Cumberland Mts. The soil is fertile in HAMILTON. the vallcj-s. Stone-coal and iron are plente- ous. It is traversed from N. to S. by the Ten- nessee 11., wliich also tonus part of the "W. boundary. Chattanooga is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, l03,71(Jbush.; rve, 3,846 bush.; Indian-corn, a53,700 bush.; oats, 44,9G3bush.; Irish pot's, 2,175 bush.; sweetpot's, l,4H0bush.; butter, 79,214 lbs.; hay, l,(i33 'tons. Cash value of farms, $2,41t;,-203. ' Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., §571,850. Value of manufactures, $1,012,335, Ifamiltou, co. in Tex,, central part. Area about 570 sq. mis. Top., 733 ; in 18G0, 489. The surface is broken and in some parts hilly. The CO, is drained by the Leon B., Cowhouse Cr. and Lampasas Cr, The soil is fertile. Hamilton is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 3,330 busli.; rye, lOO'bush.; Indian- corn, 27,150 bush.; oats, 9f<0 bush.; Irish pot's, 253 bush.: sweet pot's, 1,550 bush.; butter, 19,- 775 lbs.; hay, 13 tons. Cash value of farms, $26,100. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $151,550. Value of manufactures, S3,120. Hamilton, p. v. in Shelby co., Tex., on the Sa- bine R. and 20 mis. S. K. of Shelbvville. Haniiltou, tn. in Cumberland cb., Va. Pop., 2,990. Sauiilton, p. v. in Loudoun co., Va., on the Alexandria, Loudoun & Hampshire JR. R., 6 inls. K. W. of Lecsburg. Hamilton, v. in La Fayette co.,Wis., 19 mis. S. E. of Mineral Point. Hamilton, v. in Ozaukee co., "Wis., on Cedar Cr., 5 mis. \V. by S. of Ozaukee and near the Chicago ifc Northwestern K. ii. Hamiltouban, tn. in Adams co.. Pa, Pop., 1,418. ' ' Hamilton Sqnare, p. v. in Mercer co., N. J., 5 mis. K. of Trenton. Hamilton Station, p. r. in Scott co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Sioux City 11. K., 18 mis. S. W. of St. Paul. Hamlet, p. v, in Mercer co., 111., 10 mis. N. of Aledo. Hamlet, p, v. in Stark co., Ind., on the Pitts- l)urgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago It. it., l(i\i mis. AV. of Plymouth. Pop. , 41. Hamlet, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on a branch ot Conewango Cr., 17 mis. N. of Kenne- dy. Pop., 155. Hamlin, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. E. part ; lies on the Plateau du Coteau des Prairies, and consists of moderatelv elevated and rolling prairies. It is drained by the 15ig Sioux It, Hamlin, p. o. in Audubon co., Iowa. Hamlin, p. o. in Brown co., Kans., on the St. Joseph & Denver City 11. K., 50 mis. from El- wood. Hamlin, p'. o. in Monroe co., Mich. Hamlin, tn. in Mason co., Mich. Pop., 124. Hamlin, tn. in Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 2,304 Hamlin, p. v. iu the above tn., Si^mls. K. of lirockport. Hamlin, p. o. In Lebanon co.. Pa. Hamlin, tn. in Melvean Co., Pa. Pop., 121. Hamlin, p. v. and the co. seat of Lincoln co., \V'. \a., 25 mis. from Kanawha Court House. Hamlin, p. o. in Trempealeau co., Wis. Hamlin's Grant, tn in Oxford co.. Me, Pon., 95. ' Hamlinton, p. v. in Wayne co.. Pa., 8 mis. X. K. of Moscow. Hammersley's Fork, p. o. in Clinton co., Pa. Hammond, tn. in Spencer co., Ind, Pon,, 2,(i2,-<. Hammond, p. v. in Tangipahoa parish. La., on the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Korth- ern 11. It., 52 mis. N. of New Orleans, Hammond, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Hammond, i). o. in 15oone co., Nebr. Hammond, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N, Y. Pop,, 1,757, 382 HAMPSHIRE. Hammond, p. v. in St. Lawrence co.,N.Y.,near ];iaek Lake, 21 mis. S. S. W. of Ogdensburgh. Hammond, p. o. ia Tioga co., Pii. Hammond, ]). o. in Aiken district, S. C. Hammond, p. o. in Itobertson co., Tex. Hammond, tn. in St. Croix co., Wis, Pop!, 895. Hammond, p. v. in the above tn., on the West Wisconsin It. R., 17 mis. E. of Hudson. Pop. about 200. Hammond Corners, v. in St. Lawrence co,, N. Y., 20 mis. 8. W. of Ogdensburgh. Hammotcdsbnrg'li, p. o. in Warren co., Iowa. Hammond''s Creels, p. o. in Tioga CO., Pa. ^Hammondsport, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., on Crookeil Lake, 8 mis. X. E. of Path. It ia connected by steanilioats with Penn Yaii, Much wine is manufactured from vineyards in the neighborhood. Pop., 002. One news- paper. Hammonds villc, p. v. in Jeflfersonco.,Ohio, on the Cleveland & Pittsburg R. 11., 95 mis S. E. of Cleveland and 55 mis. X. W. Pittsburgh. Pop., 751. ^Hammonton, p. v. in Atlantic co., N. J., on the Camden & Atlantic It. It., 30 mis. S. E. of Camden. Has shoe manufactories. Pop., 1,404. Two newspapers. Hammonville, ]). o. in Hart co., Kj\ Uamortou, p. v. in Chester co., Pa., near the Philadelphia & Baltiuiorc Central 11. R., i mis. E. N. E. of Kennetfs Square. Hampden, co. in Mass., S. part. Area about OtiO sq. mis. Pop., 78,409; in 1800, 57,300. The Connecticut It. liows through the co. from K. to S., and receives Chicopec It. from the E. and the Wesllield It. from the W. The west- ern portion of the co. is high and mountain- ous and abountls inmagnifleent scenery. The eastern part of the co. is rolling. The soil of the valleys is highly productive. Springtield is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat 2,045 bush.; rye, 0.'!,r)18 bush.; Indian- corn, 145,728 bush ; oats, 74,017 bush.; Irish pot's, 207,702 bush.; sweet pot's, 47 bush.; butter, 710,979 lbs.; hay, 51,859 tons. Cash value ol farms, $9,888,0U2. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, inchuling additions to stock, etc., $3,287,007. Principal products of industry: Woollen goods, $2,099,003 ; cotton goods, $7,175,010 ; thread, twine and yarns,$800,- 180 ; freight and passenger cars, $1,200,000 ; men's clothing, $372,4.50 ; lire-arms, $500,000 ; Hour and meal, $473,151 ; iron castings, $472,- 000 ; furniture, $315,095 ; machinery, $715,007 ; writing and printing paper, $3,908,835 ; tobacco and cigars, $701,203 ; sadtUery and harness, $;jl8,801. Total value of manufactures, $30,- 008,000. Htinipdcn, tn. in Penobscot co,, Me, Pop., 3, 0(^8. Hampden, p. o. in the above tn., on the I'eiiulisciit R., 5 mis. S. S. W. of Bangor. Hampden, tn. in Ueauga co., Ohio. Pop., 767. liainpdcn, p. v. in the al)Ove tu., 3 mis. X. E, of Cliarilon. Hantpdcii, v. in Vinton co., Ohio, on the Mari- etta kt Cincinnati It. It., 120 mis. E. of Cincin- nati. Hampden, tn. in Cumberland co.. Pa. Pop., 1.199. Hampden, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 1,000. Ha:inpdcn Center, p. o. in Penobscot CO., Me. Hampden Corner, p. v. in Penobscot co.. Me., on the Penobscot It., mis. S. S. W. of Baagor. Hampden Sidney College, college and p. o. in I'ruiee Edward co., Va., 8 nils, from Earm- ville. The college was founded in 1783. Hainpsliire, co. m Mass., \V. central part. Area about 525 sq. nils. Pop., 14,388; in I8(i0, 37,823. It is intci-sected by the Connecticut It., the Swift It., and the source streams or HAMPSHIRE, 383 HANCOCK. the "Westflelcl E. The Western portion is traversed by several lofty mountain chains, belonging to the Green Mt. Systfjm. The hroad valley of the Connecticut is mostly level, but Mt. Holyokeand Mt. Tom rise with- in it and closely approach the river hanks. The soil of the valleys is productive. North- ampton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5,847 bush.; rye, 36,706 bush.; In- dian-corn. 1.57,939 bush.; oats, 64,572 bush.; Irish pot's. 274,608 bush.; sweet pot's, 220 bush.; but- ter, i;003,427 lbs.; hay, 61,734 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,543,877. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc.. $3,709,471. Principalprodnctsof industry : Brass founding, $318,670 ; buttons, $341,790; cotton goods, $1,710,940; thread and twine, $780,700 ; woollen goods, $1,963,084 ; flour and meal, $592,644 ; india-rubber goods. $850,- 000; writing paper, $830,000; screws, $700,000; sewing machines, $700,000 ; and sewing silk, $791,500. Total value ot manufactures, $13,445,- 773. Hainpsliire, tn. in Kane co., 111. Pop., 1,049. Hanipsliirc, p. v. in the above tn., 133/^ mis. N. AV. of Elgin. Sampsliire, tn. in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,030. Hampshire, p. o. in Maury co., Tenn. Hampshire, co. in AV. Va., N. E. part. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop., 7,643 ; in 1860, 13,913. The Potomac R. foi-ms the northern boundary and separates it from Maryland. The South Branch of the Potomac antl the Cacapon R. flow through the co. from S. W. to N. E. Several i-anges of the Alleghany System in- tersect it in the same direction and divide it into a series of narrow valleys. Romney is the CO. seat. Agi-. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 76,832 bush.; rye, 21,885 bush.; Indian-corn, 120,- 325 bush.; oats, 46,769 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,800 bush.; sweet pot's, 60 bush.; butter, 114,948 lbs.; hay, 4,587 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,924,264. Total, estimated, value of all farm prochic- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $524,- 221. Value of manufactures, $137,459. Hampstead, p. v. la Carroll co., Md., 9}4 mis. E. N. E. of Westminster. Pop., 235. Hampstead, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 935. Hampstead, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. W. ot Atkinson Depot. Hampstead, p. v. in King George co., Va., near the Potomac R., 25 mis. N. of Eredericks- burg. Hampton, p. v. and the co. seat of Calhoun co.. Ark., on Champagnole Cr., and 85 mis. S. of Little Rock. Pop., 138. Hampton, tn. in Marion co.. Ark. Pop., 217. Hampton, tn. in Monroe co., Ark. Pop., 794. Hampton, tn. in Windham co., Conn. Pop., 891. Hamilton, p. v. in the above tn., 6^^ mis. N. E. of Jsorth Windham. Hampton, tn. in Rock Island co., 111. Pop., 2,00S. Hampton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mis- sissippi R. and the Western Union R. R., 10 mis. aliove Rock Island. *Haiinpton, p. v. and the co. seat of Franklin CO., Iowa, on the Central Iowa R. R., 29 mis. S. of Macon City, and 16 mis. K. of Ackley. One newspaper. Hampton, tn. in Barry eo., Mich. Pop., 946. Hampton, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 930. Hampton, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. S. W. of Hastings. Hampton, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 1.177. Hampton, p. v. in the above tn., on the East- ern 11. R., 10 mis. N. of Newburyport. Hampton, tn. in Susses co., N. J. Pop., 1,023. Hampton, v. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 444. Hampton, tn. in Washington co., N. Y. Pop., 955. Hampton, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., near Rutland <& Washington R. R.,27 mis. N. of Salem. Hampton, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 938. o J , 1 , Hampton, p. v. in Adams co.. Pa., 4J^ mis. N. of Kew Oxford. Hampton, p. o. in Carter co., Tenn. Hampton, p. o. in Hamilton co., Tex. Hampton, p. o. in Box Elder co., Utah Ter. ^Hampton, p. v. and the co. seat of Elizabeth City CO., Va., on Hampton Cr. and the James R., near its entrance into Chesapeake B., 15 nils. N. W. of Norfolk and 95 mis. S. E. of Rich- mond. Portress Monroe is 2% mis. E. of it. Pop., 2,300. Hampton, tn. in Prince Edward co.,Va. Pon.. 2,702. Hampton, tn. inRappanannockco., Va. Pop.. 1,934. ' Hamptonbnrgh, tn. in Orange co., N. Y, Pop., 1,224. Hampton Falls, tn. in Rockingham co., N. II. Pop., 679. Hampton Falls, p. v. in the above tn., near the sea-coast and the Eastern R. R., 7 mis. N. of Newburyport. HamptonVille, p. o. in Yadkin eo., N. C. Hamrick's Station, p. o. in Putnam CO., ind. Ham Tranc, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 2,998. Hanby's 9Iills, p. o. in Walker co., Ala. Hanceville, -p. o. in Blount co., Ala. Hancock, co. in Ga., central part. Area about 430 sq. mis. Pop., 11,317 ; in 1860, 12,044. It is bounded on the W. by the Oconee R. and on the E. by the Ogeechee. The surface is roll- ing and the soil mostly fertile. Sparta is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 8,078 bush.; Indian-corn, 141,630 bush., oats, 17,794 bush., Irish ]jot's, 70 busli.; sweet pot's, 26,404 bush.; cotton, 9,024 bales ; butter, 87,229 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,090,348. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- eluding additions to stock, etc., $1,163,398. Value of manufactures, $210,167. Hancock, co. in 111., AV. part. Area, 725 sq. mis. Pop., 35,935; in 1860, 29,061. The surface is undulating ; the soil very rich and under fine cultivation. It is separated from Iowa and Mo. in the W. by the Mississippi R. It is drained by Crooked Cr., an affluent of the IIU- nois, and by other streams. Cartha.ge is the CO. seat, and is a great railroad center. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 414,128 bush.; rye, 133,533 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,510,401 bush.; oats, 579,599 bush.; Irish pot's, 92,863 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,520 bush.; butter, 443,770 lbs.; hay, 36.062 tons. Cash value of farms, $15,338,171. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,611,161. Value of manufactures, $1,244,- 846. Hancock, tn. in Hancock co.. 111. Pop., 926. Hancock, co. in Ind., central part. Area, 312 sq. mis. Pop., 1.5,112; in 1860, 12,802. The co. is drained bj' two forks of the White R. The surface is generally level and the soil uni- formly productive. Three lines of railroads intersect the co. Greenfield is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 440,212 bush.; rye, 979 bush.: Indian-corn. 810,496 busli.; oats, 42,050 bush.; Irish pot's, 47,149 busli.; sweet pot's, 601 bush.; butter, 234,379 lbs.; Hay, 6,303 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,721,401. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,4S2,245. Value of manufactures, -$420,298. Hancock, p. o. in Harrison co.. Ind. Hancock, co. in Iowa, N. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 999; in ISUO, 179. The surface is part of the rolling prairie which covers a large portion of the state. The soil is moder- ately fertile. It is drained by the head waters HANCOCK. 384 HANGING EOCK MILLS. of the Des Moines and Iowa Rs. Concord is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 ; Wheat, 18,918 bush.; Indian-corn, 19,541 bush.; oats, 30,231 busli.; Irisli pot's, 2,729 bush.; wool, 1,304 lbs.; butter, 22,175 lbs., hay, 2,087 tons. Cash value of farms, $286,190. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, iucludkig ad- ditions to stock, etc., $U8,7C0. Ilaiicock, CO. in Ky., N. W. part. Area, 490 sq. mis. Pop., 6,591 ; In 1800, 6,213. The sur- face is diversilied ; the soil is rich in the river bottoms. It is separated from Ind. in the N. by the Ohio R. Hawesville is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : VVlieat, 12,351 bush.; rye, 1,098 bush.; Indian-corn, 376,915 bush,; oats, 23 930 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,882 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,012 bush.; tobacco, 1,079,- 381 lbs.; butter, 5,581 lbs.; hay, 2,192 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,310,317. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $808,390. \^alue of man- utacturcs, $236,800. Hancock, co. in Me., S. E. part. Area about 2,000 sq. mis. Pop., 3i>,495 .; m 1860, 37,757. The CO. borders on the Atlantic Ocean from Golds- borough B. in the E. to Penobscot B. and U. in the AV., and includes numerous islands, as Mt. Desert Island, Isle Haul, Deer Island, and others. The sea-coast is decijly indented, and aflbrds excellent harbors. The surface is un- dulating and the soil productive. Union II. is the largest stream. There are numerous lakes iu the co. Ellsworth is the co. seat. Agr. productions iu 1870: Wheat, 2,999 bush.; rye, 131 bush.; Indian-corn, 5,971 bush.; oats, 34,.39G bush.; Irish pot's, 221,379 bush.; butter, 5.31,997 lbs.; hay, 32,653 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,032,2(i9. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includmg additions to Stock, etc., $1,208,904. Principal products of industrj' : Sawed lumber, $762,675 ; tauned leather, $208,640, and cured and packed flsh, $202,124. Total value of manufactures, $2,069,- 885. Hancock, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 974. Hancock, p. v. in the above tn., at the head of Frenchman's B., 10 mis. E. of Ellsworth. *Hancock, p. V. in Washington co., Md., on the Potomac R., opposite Alpine Depot on the Baltimore & Ohio U. R., 124 mis. W. N. W. of Baltimore. Po))., 861). Hancock, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., .s,s2. Hancock, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. W. of rittslield. Hancock, tn. in Houghton co., Mich. Pop., 2,700. Hancock, p. v. in the above tn., on Portage Lake, opposite Houghton, the co. seat. Hancock, tn. in Carver co., Minn. Pop., 692. Hancock, p. o. in Stevens co., Minn. Hancock, co. in Miss., S. part. Area about 670 sq. mis. Pop., 4,239 ; in 1860, 3,139. It bor- ders in the S. on the Mississippi Sound, and in the W. on Pearl R., which separates it from Louisiana. It is also drainetl l)y Catahoula Cr. and other small streams. The surface is low and level and the soil in some parts rich ; in others sandy and but moderately jiroduc- tivc. Shieldsborough is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870; Indian-corn, 3,394 bush. Cash value of farms, $15,0U0. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., §147,320. Value of manu- factures, $315,400. Hancock, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Mo. Hancock, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Fop., 692. Hancock, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. N. W. of Wilton. Hancock, tn. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop., 2,009. '^Hancock, p. v. in the above tn., near the junction of west and east branches of the Del- aware R.,and on the Erie R. R., 102% mis. N. W. of Xew York, Engaged in tanning and lumber trade. One newspaper. Hancock, co. in Ohio, N'. W. central part. Area, 5;j3 sq. mis. Pop., 23,847 ; in 1,S60, 22,886. It is drained by Portage and Auglaize Rs, The surface is level ; the soil of rich limestone formation. The Fremont & Indiana and Fre- mont & Cincinnati R. Rs. extend to Findlay. Findlav is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 514,173 bush.; rye, 5.,536 bush.; Indian-corn, 701,222 bush.; oats, 286,822 bush.; Irish pot's, 80,763 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,910 bush.; butter, 765,744 lbs.; hay, 32,903 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,880,938. 'Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,375,421. Value of manufactures, $1,014,960. Hancock, co. in Tenn., N. E. vart. Area, 4SS sq. mis. Pop., 7,148; iu 1860, 7,020. The surface is mountainous, being traversed by Powell's Mt. The soil is not A'ery fertile. Iron ore is found in the mountains. It is traversed through the center by the Clinch R. Sneeds- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 22,9.'56 bush.; rye, 2,407 bush.; Indian- corn, 204,190 bush.; oats, 41,308 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,4,53 bush.; sweet pot's, 3.489 bush.; Ijuttcr, 55,029 lbs.; hay, ,583 tons. Cash value of farms, $692,815. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $334,031. V'alue of manufacttires, $.37,541. Hancock, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 430. Hancock, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. ot West Randolph. Hancock, co. in W. Va., forming the northern extremity of the state. Area about 230 sq. mis. Pop., 4,303 ; in 1800, 4,445. This co. occu- pies a portion of the narrow strip of ground known as the "Pan Handle," which lies be- tween the Ohio R. and the state line of Penn- sylvania. Its surface is broken and the soil of the valleys productive. Fairview is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 34,270 bush.; r3'e, 11,749 bu.sh.; Indian-corn, 83,180 bush.; oats, 68,494 bush.; Irish pot's, 34,578 bush.; sweet pot's, 226 bush.; butter, 70,.}SS lbs.; hay, 4,.351 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,317,814. Total, estimated, value o4" all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $347,- 055. Vahieot manufactures, $260,550. Hancock, tn. in Waushara co., Wis. Pop., 438. Hancock, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. "W. N. "W. of Wautoma. Hancock's Bridg'e, p. v. in Salem co., N. J., on Alloway's Cr., 5 mis. S. of Salem. Hand, new'co. in Dak., S. central jjart ; lies on the Plateau du Coteau du Missouri, and con- sists of rolling prairies. It is drained by the East Jledicnie R. and other tributaries of the Missouri R. Handiiborongta, p. v. in Harrison co.. Miss., 3 mis. N. of Mississippi City and near the Now Orleans & Texas R. R. Has several saw mills. Pop., 459. One ncAVSpaper. Handy, p. o. hi Fayette co., Ala. Handy, tn. in Livingston co., Mich. Poj)., 1.306. Handy, p. o. in Fulton co., Ohio. Hancrvillc, p. o. in Dane co.. Wis. Haiiesville, p. v. in Kent co., Md., 5 mis. N. AV". of Chestertown. Haney, tn. in Crawford CO., AVis. Pop., 489. Haney's Corner, p. o. in Ripley Co., Ind. Hanoyvelle, p. o. in Lj-coming co.. Pa. Haiii'ordVs Landing:, p. o. in Monroe co., N. Y. Uanti'in^' Orove, tn. in Jasper co., Intl. Pop., 393. Hang'in;; Rock, p. v. in Lawrence co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 3 mis. below Ironton. Hanging' Kock, p. o. in Hampshire CO., W. A'a. Hanging Rock Mills, p. o. in Hardy co., W. Va. HANGMAN'S CEEEK. 385 HAPPY HOLLOW. fTangman's Creek, p. o. in Stevens co., Wash. Ter. Hankins, p. v. in Sullivan CO., N. Y., on the Delaware R. and the New York & Erie R. R., 7 nils. N. of Calicoon Depot. Hanley, p. o. in Ottawa co., Mich. Haiilin Station, p. o. in Washington co., Pa. Hanly, p. o. in Jessamine co., Ivy. Hatiiiataatehee, p. o. in Stewart co., Ga. Hanna, tn. in Henrj- co.. 111. Pop., 9(34. llanna, tn. in La Porte co., Ind. Pop., 48G. llannahsville, tn. in Tucker Co., W. Va. Pop., 433. Haniiabsville, p. o. in Tucker co., W. Va. Hanna Station, p. v. in La Porte co., Ind., on the Pittsinirgh, Port Wayne & Chicago R. R., '2434 mis. W. of Plymouth. M anneg;an, v. in Rush co., Ind., 7 mis. from llnsliviUe. Hanners\'ille, p. o. in Davidson co., N. O. *Hannibai, city in Marion co., Mo., on the Mississippi R., "i.t mis. below Quincy, 111., on the Hannibal & St. J oseph R. R. and the Hanni- bal & (Jentral Missouri R. R., 70 mis. N. E. of Moberly, '206 mis. E. of St. Joseph and 102 mis. from Springfield, 111. It has flouring mills and tobacco factories, and is a rapidly growing, place. Coal is abundant in the neighborhood. Pop., 10,125; in 1860, 6,505. Three newspapers. Hannibal, tn. in Oswego CO., N. Y. Pop., 3,234. Hannibal, p. v in the ahoye tn., 9 mis. W. of Oswego Palls. Hannibal, p. v. in Monroe co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., nearly opposite New Martinsville, W. Va. Hannibal Centre, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., 9 mis. W. S. W. of Oswego Palls. Pop., 454. One newspaper. Hanover, p. o. in Coosa co., Ala. Hanover, p. v. in New London co., Conn., 2^ mis. N. of Baltic. Hanover, v. in New Haven co.. Conn., on the yulnnipiack R. and 2 mis. W. of West Meri- den. Has numerous nranufactories. Hanover, tn. in Cook co.. 111. Pop., 1,098. Hanover, v. in Clinton co.. 111., on Shoal Cr., and 44 nils. E. of East St. Louis. Hanover, tn. in Joe Daviess co.. 111. Pop., 1,191. Hanover, p. v. in the above tn., on Apple Or., and 20 mis. S. E. of Galena. Hanover, tn. in Jeflerson co., Ind. Pop., 1,399. Hanover, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. W. S. W. of Madison. Pop., 564. Seat of a pros- perous college. One newspaper. Hanover, tn. in Lake co., Ind. Pop., 973. Hanover, tn. in Shelby co., Ind. Pop., 1,572. Hanover, tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 550. Hanover, p. v. in Washington co., Ivans., on Little Blue R. and St. Joseph & Denver R. R., 126 mis. W. of St. Joseph. One newspaper. Hanover, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 188. Hanover, p. v. in the above tn., on the An- droscoggin R., 10 mis. N. of Bryant's Pond. Hanover, p. o. in Howard co., "Md. Hanover, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop., 1,628. Hanover, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. by railroad E. of North Abingdon. Hanover, tn. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 1,093. Hanover, p. v. in the above tn., on the Fort Wayne, JacJjson & Mackinaw R. R., 14 mis. S. AV. of Jackson. Hanover, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 112. Hanover, p. v. in Jeflerson co., Mo., 3 mis. W. ot Pevely. Hanover, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 2,0So. ♦Hanover, p. v. in the above tn., near the Connecticut R., 5 mis. N. N. E. of White River Junction; is the seat of Dartmouth College. 25 It ha? a very picturesque situation. Two newspaners. Hanover, tn. in Morris CO., N. J. Pop., 3,623 Hanover, p. o. in the above tn. Hanover, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 4,037. Hanover, tn. in Ashland co., Ohio. Pop., Hanover, tn. in Butler co., Ohio. Pop., 1,4(50. Hanover, tn. in Columbiana co., Ohio. Pop., 2,310. Hanover, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 1 ,169. Hanover, p. v. in the above tn., 8% mis. by railroad E. of Newark. Pop^322. Hanover, tn. in Beaver co.. Pa. Pop., 1,500. Hanover, tn. in Xehigh co.. Pa. Pop., 2,804. Hanover, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 3,03i). Hanover, tn. in Northampton co., Pa. Pop., 491). Hanover, tn. in Washington co., Pa. Pop., 1,898. Hanover, co. in Va., E. part. Area abotit 375 sq. mis. Pop., 16,455; in 1860,17,222. The Pa- munky.R. and its upper course.the North Anna R., forms the north-eastern boundary. The South Anna R. intersects the co. and drains it. The surface is, in the western part, undu- lating and hilly ; in the eastern level. The soil is fertile. The Petersbui-gh & Weldon R. R., and the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R. pass through the co. The co. seat is Hanover Court House. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 122,,593 bush.; rye, 1,330 bush.; Indian- corn, 225,517 bush.; oats, 119,211 bush.; Irisli pot's, 29,278 bush.; sweet pot's, 35,775 bush.; tobacco, 439 4.34 lbs.; butter, 72,013 lbs.; hay, .521 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,295,587. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $671,- 824. Value of manufactures, $117,965. *Hanovcr, p. bor. in York co., Pa^ on tho Hanover Branch R. R., 12% mis. W. of Han- over Junction. Is surrounded by a fertile ' and highly cultivated district. J?op., 1,839. Pour newspapers. Hanover, p. v. in Rock co.. Wis., at the in- tersection of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. with the Monroe Branch of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 7 mis S. W. of Janesville. Hanover Conrt House, p. v. and the co. seat of Hanover co., Va., near the Pamunky R. and on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 20 mis. N. of Richmond. Hanover Centre, p. v. in Grafton co., N. H., 6 mis. E. of Hanover. Hanover Junction, p. v. in Y'ovk CO., Pa., at the .Junction of the Northern Central and the Hanover Branch R. R., 10 mis. S. of York. Hanover Landing', v. in Jeff'ei'soii CO., Ind., on Ohio R., 3 mis. below Madison. Hanover Mills, p. o. in Burlington CO., N. J. Hanoverton, or Hanover, p. v. in Colum- biana CO., Ohio, on the Sandy and Beaver canal, and i}4 mle. N. of Maysville on the Cleveland & Pittsburgh B. R. Hanoverville, p. o. in Northampton Co., Pa. Hansen, p. o. in Oceana co., Mich. Hanson, co. in Dak. Ter., S. E. part ; is inter- sected from N. to S. by the Dakota R. The valley along this stream contains much good land. Hanson, p. o. in Hopkins co., Ky. Hanson, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop., 1,219. Hanson, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. E. of South Hanson. Hanson, tn. in Grant co.. Wis. Hansonville, p. o. in Frederick CO., Md. Hansonville, p. v. in Russell co., Va., 14 mis, N. W. Of Abingdon. Happy Camp, tn. in Del Norte CO., Cal. Pop., 38-2. Happy Camp, p. o. in the above co, Happy Hollow, p. o. in Wapello co., Iowa HAPPY HOME. 380 HAED TIMES LANDING. Hai»I»y Home, p. o. in Burke co., X. C. Happy Viillcy, p. o. in Harrison co., Mo. Happy Valley, p. o. in Ciirter co., Teun. Haralson, co. in Ga., N. VV. part. Area, about •220 sq. mis. Pop., 4,004 ; in 1860, 3,039. It U iu- ter.suctecl by the Tallapoosa R. Tbu nortlicrn part is occupied by the Dug Down 3It.s. The soil of the valleys is very productive. Buch- anan is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in ]fs70 : Wheat, 17,780 bush.; rye, 284 bush.; Indian- corn, 8(;,85i Ijusli.; oats, 7,200 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,309 busli.; sweet pot's, 6,772 busli.; cotton, 308 bales; butter, 49,947 lbs. Cash value of farms, $201,000. Total, estimated, value of all farm protluctions, including additions to stock, etc., $297,792. Value of manufactures, $73,784. Harbesoii, p. o. In Susses co., Del. Harbison, tn. in Dubois co., Ind. Pop., 1,590. Harbor Creek, tu. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 1,974. Harbour Creek, p. v. in the above tn.,on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Erie. Hardeeville, p. o. in Beaufort district, S. C. Hardeman, co. in Tenu., S. W. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop.,lS.074; in I860, 17.769. The surface is level; the soil very fertile. It is bounded on the S. Ijy Miss., and intersected by. the Big Hatchie R. The Mississippi Cent- ral R. R. and the Memphis & Charleston R. R. intersect in the S. part of the co. Boli- var is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "Wheat, 32,930 bush.; rye, 1,180 bush.; Indian- corn, 586,508 bush.; oats, 19,799 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,138 bush.; sweet pot's, 32,143 bush.; cotton, 7,884 bales ; tobacco, 5,600 lbs.; butter, 83,872 lbs.; hay, 69 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,385,409. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $-.Mol,sl8. Value of manufactures,, $399,480. Hardeman, p. o. in Matagorda co., Tex. Hardenbnrgrh, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 62,S. Hardcnburg'Ii, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. Hardin, tn. in Conway co.. Ark. Pop., 730. Hardin, co. in 111., S. E. part. Area, 260 sq. mis. Pop., 5,113 ; in 1860, 3,759. The surface is level and tlie soil productive. The Ohio R. lx)rms its E. and S. boundary, separating it from Ky. Elizabetlitovvn is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 32,319 bush.; rye, 865 bush.; Indian-corn, 172,651 bush.; oats, 26,- 991 bush.; Irish pot's, 105,707 bush.; sweet pot's, 96 bush.; butter, 589 lbs.; hay, 166 ton.s. Cash value of farms, $755,518. Total, estimated, value of all farm production.?, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $235,462. Value of manu- factures, ,S27,775. Hardin, tn. in Calhoun co., 111. Pop., 650. Hardin, p. v. and the co. seat of Calhoun co., 111., on tiie Illinois R., 20 mis. above Grafton and 85 mis. S. VV. of Springfield. One news- paper. Hardin, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop., 1,46S. Hardin, co. in Iowa, central part. Area, 5.80 sq. mis. Pop., l:i,684 ; in 1860, 5,440. The sur- face is rolling, with a slope to the S. E. The soil is generally rich. The Iowa R. traverses the CO. from K. W. to S. E., receiving the S. Eork and other tributaries. Eldora is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 496,347 bush.; rye, 1,596 bush.; Indian-corn, 640,510 bush.; oats, 250,139 bush.; Irish pot'.'^, 4.'">,077 bush.; sweet pot's, 45 bush.; wool, 12,464 lbs.; butter, 256,357 lbs.; hay, 18,785 tons. Cash value of farms, ,'ii4,757,912. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $998,258. Value of manufactures, $387,380. Hardin, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, near the , JMilwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 19 mis. W. of Mc- Gregor. Hardin, tn. in Greene co., Iowa. Pop., 195. Hurdiu, tu. in Hardin co., Iowa. Pop., 2,013. Hardin, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 737. Hardin, tu. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 432. Hardin, co. in Ky., N. N. W. part. Area, 510 sq. mis. Pop., 15,705 ; in 1860, 15,189. The sur- face is undulating; the soil fertile. It is bounded on the N. E. by Salt R., and drained also by Mill anil Xolin Crs. The Louisville & Kashville R. R. intersects it from N. to S. Elizabelhtown is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 187U : Wheat, 138,463 bush.; rye, 16,.546 bush.; Indian-corn, 566,830 bush.; oats, 114,127 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,105 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,573 bush.; tobacco, 284,178 lbs.; butter, 115,363 lbs.; hay, 3,483 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,453,229. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., ,^1, 013,871. Value of manufactures, $233,872. Hardin, tn. in Clinton co.. Mo. Pop., 1,92.5. Hardin, p. v. in Raj' co.. Mo., on the Western Division of the North Missouri R. R., 19 mis. W. of Carrollton. Hardiu, co. in Ohio, W. central part. Area, 476 sq. mis. Pop., 18,714 ; in I860, 13.570. The soil is fertile and produces principally wheat, Indian-corn and oats. The surface is nearly level. It is watered by the Scioto, Miami and Blanchard's Pork, and is intersected by the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R. Ken- ton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 250,817 bush.; rye, 5,272 bush.; Indian, corn, 270,909 bush.; oats, 147,562 bush.; Iri.sh pot's, 33,717 bush.; sweet pot's, 182 bush.; but- ter, 277,668 lbs.; hay, 20,665 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,859,176. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,207,821. Value of manufactures, .^825,209. Hardin, p. v. in Shelby co., Ohio, 4?^ mis., by Clevelaiul, Columbus & Cincinnatili. R., W. of SidncA". Pop., 87. Hardin, co. in Tenn., S. S. W. part. Area, 655 sq. mis. Pop., 11,768; in 1860, 11,214. It is bounded on the S. by Miss, and Ala. The Tenn- ncssee R. flows through the central part from S. to N., and is navigable by steamboats. The soil is generally fertile. Savannah is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 35,566 bush.; rye, 131 bush.; Indian-corn, 484,- 721 bush.; oats, 15,151 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,33S bush.; sweet pot's, 10,472 bush.; cotton, 2,026 bales ; butter, 86,918 lbs.; hav, 107 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,293,203. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $746,785. Value of manu- factures, $201,310. Hardin, co. in Tex.,S.E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 1,460 ; in 1860, 1,3.53. The surface is un- dulating; the soil fertile. Big Pine island Cr. intersects the W. part and forms most of the S. boundarj- ; Neches R. bounds it on the E. Hartlin is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 26,385 bush.; Irish pot's, 316 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,240 bush.; cotton, 280 bales ; butter, 2,800 lbs. Cash value of farms, $16,880. Total, estimated, value of all farm protluctions, including additions to stock, etc., $67,900. Value of manufactures, $2,900. Hardin, p. v. and the co. seat of Hardin co., Tox., 18 mis. E. N. E. of Houston. Hardin City, p. o. In Hartlin co., Iowa. Harding^, tu. iu Pottawattamie CO., Iowa. Pop, 122. Harding, p. o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. UardinNbnrg', v. in Dearborn co., Ind., Smls. i'roni J>awienceburgh, Uardin»bnrs:li, p. v. in Washiijgton co,, Ind., 15 nils. S. W. of Salem. Pop., IfH). Hardinsburg-h, p. v. and the co. scat of Breckinridge co., Kj'., 10 nils, from Clover- port. Pop., 455. Hardinsville, v. in Shelby co., Ky. Pop., 88. Ilardinsville, p. o. in Crawford co., 111. Hardison's JVIills, p. o. iu Maury co., Tenru Hard Times I^anding, p. o. in Tensas par- ish, La. HARDWICK. 387 HARMONY. Harflwick, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., Htirdwiek, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. of AVest iJrookfleld. Mardwlck, tn. in Warren CO., N. J. Pop., ()o8. Mardwick, p. o. in the above tn. Mardwick, tn. in Caledonia co., Vt. Pop., 1,419. *5Iardwick,p.v. in the above tn., on the La- moille 11., 25 nils. X. E. of jVlontpelier. Hardwicksville, p. o. in Xclson CO., Va. Hardy, p. o. in Dallas co., Ala. Hardy, tn. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., 2,857. Hardy, In. in Isle of Wight co., Va. Pop., o,171. Hardy, co. in W. Va., E. N. E. part. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 5,518; in 1860, 9,804. The Great North Mt. Uends along its eastern, boundary and separates it from Va. Other ranges of the AUegliany chain, as the Branch Mt., Paterson Creek Mt., etc., intersect the CO. from S. W. to N. E. and divide it into sev- eral picturesque vallej's, which contain some excellent farm lands and are well adapted to stock raising. Mooretield is the co. seat, .-igr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 23,442 bush.; rye, 8,i)u'.) bush.; Indian-corn, 114,567 bush.; oats, 13,283 bush.; Irislipot's, 7,069 bush.; sweet pot's, 84 bush.; butter, 39,057 lbs.; hay, 2,651 tons. Cash value of farms, .$1,722,357. Total, estimated, valiie of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $100,128. Value of manufactures, $91,705. Hardy, tn. in Logan co., W. Va. Pop., 1,472. Hardy Station, p. o. in Grenada co., Mis.s. Hardiston, tn. m Sussex CO., N. J. Pop., l,6(iS. Hardy ville, p. V. in Mohave CO., Ariz. Ter., on the Colorado R. Hardy ville, p. o. in Hart co., Ky. Hare's Corner, p. o. in New Castle co., Del. Harford, co. in Md., N. E. part. Area 475 sq. mis. Pop., 22,605; in 1S60, 23,415. It borders on the Susquehanna 11. and Chesapeake J5., and is drained by Deer Cr. and other small streams. The surface is rolling and diversi- fied and the soil very productive. The Phila- delphia, Wilmington & Baltimore R.R. passes through the co. Bel Air is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 244,835 bush.; rye, 3,241 bush.; Indian-corn, 659,789 bush.; oats, 303,164 bush.; Irish pot's, 140,523 bush.; sweet pot's, 299 bush.; butter, 209,110 lbs.; laay, 16,927 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,325,375. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stocli, etc., $1,926,321. Value of manufactures, $462,009. iEarlort], tn, in Cortland co., N. Y. Pop., 997. Marl'ord, p. v. in the above tn., on the .South- ern Cintral R. R., 6 mis. S. E. of Drytlen. Hariord, tn. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. Pop., i,.''y.)5. Harford, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. E. of Montrose Depot. \/Harlor(8 Furnace, p. v. in Harford co., Md., t'j. mis. W. N. W. of Perrymansvillo. Hariord Hills, p. o. in Cortland co., N. Y. Hareliead. tn. in Johnson co.. Ark. Pop., 99.5. Haring', p. o. in Wexford co., Midi. lEar tier's Corners, p. o. in Peoria co.. 111. Uarlau, p. v. in Allen CO., lud., 14 luls. N. E. of Fort VVayne. Harlan, tn. in Eaj-ette Co., Iowa. Pop., 312. lEarlan, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 756. l(ijis'l;i!j, tn. iu Shelby CO., Iowa. Pop.. 466. Harlan, p. v. aiul the co. seat of Shelby co., low a, on the \\'ei3t Nishnabotany 11., 47 mis. N. E. of Council Blufl's antl 23 mis. N. W. of Atlantic. Pop., 128. One newspaper. Harlan, eo. in Ky., S. E. part. Area, .590 sq. mis. Pop., 4,415; 'in 1860, 5,494. The surface is mountainous, the Cumberland Mts. forming the S. E. boundary, and the Pine Mts. and Kentucky Ridge occupying the northern and centi'al portions of the co. The Cumberland R. rises in the N. E. part and flows S. W. Coal and iron are quite abundant. Harlan Court House is tlie co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,266 bush.; rye, 797 bush.; Indian- corn, 158,410 bush.; oats, 12,207 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,636 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,927 bush.; but- ter, 58,553 lbs.; liay, 255 tons. Cash value of farms, $398,583. Total, estimated, value of aP farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $123,654. Value of manufactures, $750. Harlan Court Honse,or Mount Pleasant, p. V. and the co. seat of Harlan co., lv.y.,4o mis. E. of Laurel Ridge. Harlan^ new co., in Nebr., S. S. W. part. Area, 578 sq. mis. It has a rolling prairie sur- face, and is intersected by the Republican R, and its tributaries. Orleans is the co. seat. Harleig'li, p. o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Harlem, p. v. in Winnebago co.. 111., on tlio Western Union R. R., 7 uds. N. E. of Rock- ford. Harlem, tn. in Stephenson co.. 111. Pop., 1,243. Harleni, tn. in Winnebago co., 111. Pop., 781. Harlem, p. v. iu Clay co.. Mo., on tlie Hanni- 1,'al & St. Joseph R. R., the North Missouri R. R. and the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Blurt's R. R. It lies on tlie Missouri R., oppo- site Kansas City. Harlem, v. in Carroll co., Ohio, 2G mis. W. N. W. of Steubenville. Harlem, tn. in Delaware CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,149. Harlem, p. v. in tlie above tn., 17 mis. N. E. of Coluniljus. Harlem Spring's, p. v. in Carroll co., Ohio, 6 mis. E. S. E. of CarroUton. Harlemville, p. o. in CoUimbia co., N. Y. Harlensburji'Ii, p. v. iu Lawrence co., Pa., 11 mis. K. of N(>wcastle. Harleysville, p. o. in Montgomery co., Pa. Marlingen, p. v. in Somerset co., N. J., 9 mis. S. of Soiuervilli'. Harniar, p v. in AVasliington co., Ohio, at the mouth of the Musliingum R., opposite Marietta. Pop., 1.54. Harmarville, p. v. in AUeghanv co.. Pa., on the Alleghany R., 12 mis. N. E. of Pittsburgh. Harmon, tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., 542. Harmon, p. o. in the above tn. Harmon, tn. in Mason co., W. Va. Pop., 1,551 Harmonius, p. o. in Jackson co., Ala. HarmeiEslturgli, p. v. in Crawford co., Pa., 8 mis. \V. ofMeadvilie. Harmons Creek, p. o. in Washington CO., Pa. Harmony, p. v. in Mcllenry co.. 111., 9 mis. S. E. of Marengo. Harmony, tn. in Hancock co.. 111. Pop., 1,457. Harmony, p. v. in Clay co., Ind. Harmony, tn. in Posey co , Ind. Pop., 2,231. Harmony, tn. in Union co., Ind. Pop., 734. Harmony, p. o. in Owen co., Ky. Harmony, tn. in Somerset co.. Me. Pop., 978. Harmony, p. v. in tlie above tn., 20 mis. N. E. of Skohegan. Harmony, p. o. in Fredericlt co., Md. Harmony, tn. in EiUmore co., Minn. Pop., 89i). Harmony, p. o. in the above tn. Harmony, tn. iu Washington co.. Mo. Pop., 1,483. Harmony, p. v. in tlie above tn., 16 mis. from Potosi. Harmony, tn. in Warren CO., N. J. Pop., 1,405. Harsnony, p. o. in the above tn. Harmony, in. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., .3,416. Hariinony, p. v. in the above tn., near Chau- tauqua Lake and the Atlantic & Great West- ern R It., 6->4 mis. W. of Jamestown. Harmony, lu. in ClarU co., Ohio. Pop., 1,821 Harmony, p. o. iu the above tn. HARMONY. 388 HAERISBURGH. Harmony, tn. in Morrow co., Ohio. Pop., 773. Harmony, p. v. in Butler CO., Pa., 16 inls. W. K. W. of Butler and on the Coniquencssing Cr. Harmony, tn. in Beaver co., Pa. Pop., 'i-.'ij. Harmony, tn. in Forrest co., Pa. Pop., l,-226. Harmony, tn. in Susquehanna co., Pa. Pop., l,-2l-'. Harmony, p. o. in Providence co., R. I. Harmony, p. o. in Halifax co., Va. Harmony, p. o. in INIai^on co., W. Va. Harmony, tn. in Rock oo., Wis. Pop., 1,214. Harmony, tn. in Vernon co., Wis. Pop., 781. Harmony, p. v. in tlie above tn., 9 mis. W. of Viroqua. Harmony Center, p. v. in Susquehanna co.. Pa., on the Jelt'erson Branch of tlie Erie 11. E., 2 nils. E. of Lanesburgh. Harmony CJrove, p. v. in Jackson co., Ga., I^IX nils. N. W. of Alliens. Harmony Hill, p. v. in Rusk CO., Tex., 17 mis. N. E. of Henderson. Harmony Village, p. o. in Middlesex co., Va. Harncdsville, p. v. in Somerset co.. Pa., on Castlemans R. and 26 nils. S. E. of Union- town. Harnett, co. in N. C, central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 8,895 ; in 1800, 8,039. The surface is mostly level and the soil tolerably good. Tlie Cape Fear R. intersects the central part from N. W. to S. E. Upper Little R. also passes through the central part. Harnett Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8,571 bush.; rye, 2,4S1 bush.; In- dian-corn, 12,'),410 bush.; oals, 8,707bush.; Irish pot's, 2,.5y4 bush.; sweet pot's, 64,290 bush.; butter, 20,329 lbs.; hay, 157 tons. Cash value of farms, $.")09,(i79. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $42.5,288. Value of manufactures, §120,400. Harnett Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of Harnett co., N. C, on Cape Fear R. and 26 mis. S. of Raleigh. Harney, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Harold, yi. o. in Montgomerj^ oo.. Ark. Harp, tn. in Do Witt co., 111. Pop., 1,164. Harper, p. o. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Harper, ]i. v. in Logan co., Ohio, S^ mis. by railroad N. E. of Bellefontaine. Harper, tn. in Roane co., W. Va. Pop., 95.5. Harper's Cross Iloads, p. o. in Chatham co., N. C. Harper's Ferry, p. v. in Alamakceco., Iowa, on tlic-' MississippiR., 13 nils.above McGregor. Harper's Ferry, p. o. in Henry co., Ky. ♦Harper's Ferry, p. v. in Jetferson co., W. Va., on the Potomac R., at the mouth of the Shenandoah R., on the Chesapeake and Oliio Canal and on the Baltimore ifc Ohio R. R., 81 mis. W. of Baltimore. It is the terminus of the AVineliester & Potomac R. R. The Poto- mac passes here through a gap of the Blue Jiidge, which terminates abruptly on its banks. The scenery is celebrated for its pic- turesque beauty, and the view down the I'iver through the gap is one of the most remark- able m the country. Pop. in 1860, 1,339. Harpersfield, tn. in Uclawarc co., N. Y. Pop., 1,485. Harpersfieltl, p. v. in Delaware co., N. Y., 20 mis. S. S. W. of Hichmondville. Harperslield, tn. in Ashtabula CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,120. Harperslield, p. v. in the above tn., on Grand R. and 3 mis. S. of Geneva. Harper's Home, p. o. in Brunswick co., Va. Harper's Mills, p. o. in Pendleton co., W. Va. Harper's Station, p. o. in Ross co., Ohio. Harpersville, p. o. in Scott co., Miss. HarpcrsTille, p. v. in Broome ,co., N. Y., on the Susquehanna U. and near the Albany & Susquehanna R. R., 21% mis. E. N. E. of Bing- liumton. Pop., 218. Harpetli, v. in Williamson co., Tenn., 23 mis. S. S. E. of Nashville. Harpetli River, a tributary of the Cumber- land R. in Tenn.; rises in Williamson co. and flows X. W. through Davidson and Dickson COS. It is about 100 mis. long, and furnishes excellent water-power. Harpswell Centre, tn in Cumberland co., jNIe. Pop., 1.749. Harpswcll Centre, p. o. in the above tn. Harrah's 9IiIIs, p. o. in Powell CO., Ky. Harreldsville, p. o. in Butler CO., Kj'. Harrell, p. o. in Decatur CO., Ga. Harrell's Store, p. o. in New Hanover co.,N.C Harrellsville, p. v. in Hertford co., N. C, on \Viacon Cr., 12 mis. S. E. of Winton. Harrelson, p. o. in Grant co., W'is. Harriettstown, tn. in Franklin co., N. Y. Pop., 416. Harriettsville, p. v. in Noble co., Ohio, 21 mis. S. E. of Caldwell. Harring'ton, p. v. in Kent CO., Del., at the junction of tlii; Delaware R. with the .Junc- tion & Bieakwater R. R., 6 mis. S. of Fclton. Harring^ton, tn.in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 1,142. Harring'ton, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. E. of Nariaguagns. Harrington, tn. in Bergen co., N. J. Pop., 2,664. Harrington, p. o. in Harnett co., N. C. Harrington, v. in Manitowoc co.. Wis., 10 nils. N. N. AV. of Manitowoc. Harris, tn. in Izard CO., Ark. Pop., 122. Harris, co. in Ga., W. part. Area, 480 sq.mls. Pop., 13,284; in ISBO, 13,736. It is bounded on the W. by the Chattaliooche R., which sepa- I'ates it from Ala. The Pine Bits, and Oak Mts. intersect it from N. E. to S. W. The sur- face is mostly covered with forests. The soil is fertile. Hamilton is the co. seat. A^r. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 24,226 bush.; Indian- corn. 2.55.976 bush.; oats, 16,312 bush.; sweet pot's, 62,914 bush.; cotton, 8,163 bales ; butter, 28,375 lbs. Cash value of farms. $1,298,789. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,129,127. Value of manufactures, $162,779. Harris, tn. in Fulton co.. 111. Pop., 1,029. Harris, tn. in St. Joseph co., Ind. Pop., 40S. Harris, tn. in Ripley co.. Mo. Pop., 160. Harris, tn. in Ottawa co., Ohio. Pop., 2,193. Harris, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. Harris, tn. in Centre co., Pa. Pop., 1,999. Harris, co. in Tex., S. E. part. Area about 1,000 sq. nils. Pop., 17,375; in 1860, 9,070. The surface is level ; the soil is rich. Many cattle are raised. Spring Cr. forms most of the N. boundary, and Clear Cr. bounds it on the S., Galveston B. bounds it on the S. E., into which Butfalo and San Jacinto Rs. empty. Houston is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 99,977 bush.: oats, 15 bush.; Irish iiot's, 5,543 bush.; sweet pot's. 38,895 bush.; cotton, 1,064 bales; butter, 31, ,566 lbs.; hay, 669 tons. Cash value of farms, $60.5,732, Total, estimatril, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $270,- 757. Value of manufactures, $578,707. Ifiarris, p. o. in Louisa co., Va. Harris, tn. in Wood co., \V. Va. Poji., 1,699. Harris, In, in Marquette co.. Wis. Pop., 498. Harrisbnrgli, p. v. and the co. seat of Poin- sett co.. Ark., ^5mls. N. E of Little Rock and 56nil«. N. W. of jNIeniphis, Tenn. Ilarrisbnrgh, p. o. in Alameda co., Cal. llarrisburgh, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Dak. Harrisbnrgli, tn. in Saline co., III. Pop., 1,710. *Harrisburgh, p. v. in the abovt; tn. and the CO. seat, on .saline Cr. and 10 nils. W. of Equal- itv ; in the midst of a rich mineral region aiid enjoys agood trade. Pop.. 590. Two news- papers. Harrisbnrgli^ p. v. in Fayette co., Ind., 4J4 mis. N. W. of Connersville. HAKRISBURGH. 389 HARRISON. narri^burgli, tn. in Van Buren Co., Iowa. Pop., l.OS'J. MHrriisburg'li, p. o. in Callaway co., Ky. Marrisbui'^h, v. in Hennepin CO., Minn., on the Mississippi R., 13 mis. above Minneapolis. Slari-isburgh, p. o. in Deer Lodge go., Mont. Ter. Marrisburg'b, p. v. in Boone co.. Mo., 10 mis. tiom Sturgeon. Mari'isburgb, tn. in Lewis co., N. Y. Pop., 1,01)0. Hari-isbui'gh, p. o. in the above tn. Mari-isbiirgh, p. v. in Pranklin co., Ohio, 14 ails. S. W. of Columbus. Pop., 153. lEai'i'isbui-^^b, v. in Gallia co., Oliio, 10 mis. N. W. of Gallipolls. liai-rlsburg'b, v. in Stark CO., Ohio, H mis N. K. of Canton. *Harrlsburgb, p. v. in Linn co., Oreg., near the Oregon & California li. K., 53 mis. S. of Salem. 'Uari'isbui'gb, city, the co. seat of Dai^pliin CO. and the capital of Pa.; is situated on the Susciuehauna K., 100 mis. W. by N. of Philadel- phia, and on the Pennsylvania Central K. B., Cumberland Valley 11. K., Northern Central K. K., Lebanon Branch and Schuylkill &Susciue- lianua Branch of Philadelphia & Keadiug R. Rs. and Pennsylvania Canal. The State Capi- tol occupies a position on Capitol Hill, and is a modest brick structure. There are many line residences, especially on the street com- manding a view of the river, which is liero isle-checkered and beautiful. A state arsenal and a state lunatic asylum are locatetl liere. The city has developed wonderfully within the last few years, and sustains many fine schools and churclies, banks and other in- stitutions, is the center of an immense traffic by railroad, and lias several very large fur- naces, rolling mills and macliine shops. It was founded by John Harris in 17S5 ; incorporated as a borough in 1808 ; became the state capital in 1812, and a city in March, 1860. Pop. in 1S70, 23,104; in 1860,13,405; in 1850, 7,834. it has 14 newspapers, 4 of Avhich are published daily, the rest weekly and monthly. The former are the "Telegraph," " State Journal," "Pa- triot," and " Mercury." Uarrlsburg'b, p. v. in Harris co., Tex., on Batfalo Bayou and at the junction of the (ial- veston, Houston & Henderson R. R. with the Butlalo Bayou, Brazos & Colorado R. R., 43 mis. JST. of Galveston. Pop., 571. Marrisbui'g'b, p. o. in Washington co., Utab Ter. Hari'isburgh Aeadciny, p. o. in Owen co., Harris Creek, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Harris Creek, p. o. in Amlierst co., Va. Marris Depot, p. v. in Cabarrus co., N. C, on the North Carolina it. R., 8 mis. S. W. of Con- cord. Harris' Ferry, p. o. in Wood co., "W. Va. Harris' Wore, tn. in Caledonia co.,Vt. Pop., 12. Harris' tirove, p. o. in Jetferson co.. 111. Harris' Hill, p. o. in Erie co., N. i'. Harris' JLot, p. o. in Charles co., Md. Harrison, tn. in Boone co., Ark. Pop., 82C. Harrison, p. v. and tlie co. seat of Boone co., Ark., 7'.» nils. N. ^V. of Little Rock. Harrison, tn. in Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 960. Harrison, tn. in Union co.. Ark. Pop., 729. Harrison, tn. in VVhite co.. Ark. Pop., 972. Harrison, tn. in Winnebago co.. 111. Pop., 725. Harrison, p. o. in the above tn. Harrison, co. in Ind., S. part. Area, 475 sq. mis. Pop., 20,005 ; in 1860, 18,521. It is bounded on the S. by the Ohio R., anil on the \V. by the Great Blue R., while the Indian Cr. flows through it. The eastern part is hilly ; the re- mainder undulating. The soil of the river bottoms is very productive. Pitman's Cave, a few miles E. of Corydon, is often visited by tourists. Corydon is the co. scat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 343,779 bush.; rye, 2,- 196 bush.; Indian-corn, 207,072 bush.; oats, 171,- 700 bush.; Irish pot's, 156,259 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,595 bush.; butter, 196,377 lbs.; hay, 7,212 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,044,381. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., |1,I47,821. Value of manufactnres,$654,716. Harrison, tn. in Boone co., Ind. Pop., 1,209. Harrison, tn. in Bartholomew co., Ind. Pop., 1,228. Harrison, tn. in Blackford co., Ind. Pop., ],G80. Harrison, tn. in Cass co., Ind. Pop., 1,171. Harrison, tn. in Clay co., ind. Pop., 2,241. Harrison, tn. in Daviess CO., Ind. Pop., 1,084. Harrison, tn. in Dearborn CO., Ind. Pop., 1,080. Harrison, tn. in Delaware co., Ind. Pop., 1,400. Harrison, p. o. in the above tn. Harrison, tn. in Elkhart CO., Ind. Pop., 1,655. Harrison, tn. in Payette co., ind. Pop., 867. Harrison, tn. in Hancock Co., Ind. Harrison, tn. in Harrison CO., Ind. Pop., 3,462. Harrison, tn. in Henry co., Ind. Pop., 1,888. Harrison, tn. in Howard co., Ind. Pop., 807. Harrison, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 1,745. Harrison, tn. in Knox- CO., Ind. Pop., 2,812. Harrison, tn. in Miami co., Ind. Pop., 1,202. Harrison, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 378. Harrison, tn. in Owen co., Ind. Pop., 451. Harrison, tn. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pop., 753. Harrison, tn. in Spi ncer co., Ind. Pop., 1,977. Harrison, tn. in Union co., Ind. Poja., 759. Harrison, tn. in Vigo co , Ind. Pop., 870. Harrison, v. in above co., on Wabash & Erie Canal, 4 mis. from Terre Haute. Harrison, tn. in Waviie CO., Ind. Pop., 580. Harrison, tn. in Wells co., Ind. Pop., 2,961. Harrison, co. in Iowa, W. part. Area, 4S0 sq. mis. Pop., 8,931; in 1860, 3,621. The surface is diversitied, falling off into a deep river bottom along the Missouri R., whicli bounds it on the W., separating it from Nebr. The soil is fertile The W. part is also inter- sected by the Soldier R?and the E. part by the Boyer R., along the banks of which runs the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. The Sioux City & Pacific R. R. intersects the W. part froin N. to S. Magnolia is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 194,599 bush.; rye, 30 bush.; Indian-coni, 664,510 bush., oats, 108,- 207 bush.; Irish pot's, 42,167 bush.; sweet pot's, 52 bush.; wool, 13,047 lbs.; butter, 223,615 lbs.; hay, 22,061 tons. Cash value of farms, fo.Oll,- 350. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $932,698. Value of manufactures, $212,185. Harrison, tn. in Harrison co., Iowa. Pop., 830. Harrison, tn. in Adair co., Iowa. Pop., 434. Harrison, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 502. Harrison, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 988. Harrison, v. in Louisa co., Iowa. Harrison, tn. in Mahaska co., Iowa. Pop., 1,270. Harrison, co. in Ky., N. part. Area 355 sq. nils. Pop., 12,993; in 1860, 13,779. The surface is undulating ; the soil generally good. The Licking R. forms its N. E. boundary. The Kentucky Central R. R. runs through it from N. to S. "Cynthiana is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 61,674 bush.; rye, 42,386 bush.; Indian-corn, 719,315 bush.; oats, 85,914 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,604 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,109 bush.; tobacco, 281,704 lbs.; butter, 153,756 lbs.; hay, 2,802 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,755,752. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $989,917. Value of manufactures, $851 250 HARRISOIS'. 390 HARRISON MILLS. Harrison, tu. in Cumberland co., Mc. Pop., 1,-219. Harrison, p, v. In the above tn., on Long Pond, U mis. S. W. of South Paris. nnrrison, ]i. o. in Dorchester co., Mil. Harrison, tn. in IMaconib Co., Mich. Pop..G05. Harrison, tu. in Monongalia CO., Minn. Pop., Harrison, p. v. in Kandiyohi co., Minn., 6 mis. N. E. of Kandiyohi. Harrison, co. in Miss., S. part. Area about aw sq. nils. Pop., .5,795 ; in 18(j0, 4,si9. It boi-- ders on the Mississippi Sound, and is drained by "Wolf 11., Biloxi K. and Ked R., a tributary of the Pascagoula. The surface is low and level, and in some parts sandy. Mississippi City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 9,3t5 busli.; sweet pot's, 12,025 bush. ; cotton. 18 bales. Cash value of farms, $3t;,O.'50. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3(> 009. Value of manufactures, $157,700. Harrison, CO. in Mo., N. AV. part. Area, 751 sq. mis. Pop., 14,G35; in 1800, 10,026. It bor- ders on Iowa, consists chiefly of prairies.with good timber along the river courses, and has a fertile soil, equally adapted to grain grow- ing and stock raising. Thompson's R. inter- sects the eastern portion of the co.,and other affluents of Grand R. drain the remainder of its area. Bethany is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 109,571 bush.; rye, 14,- 831 bush.; Indian-corn, 756,007 bush.; oats, 210,- 521 Inish.; Irish pot's, 55,400 bush.; sweet pot's, 74S bush.; toljacco, 20,075 lbs.; butter, .370,359 lbs.; hay, 7,902 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,515,.'')!^4. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, ete.,*l,230,09,'5. Value ot manufactures, $338,974. Harrison, tn. in Daviess co.. Mo. Pop., 831. Harrison, tn. in Mercer co.. Mo. Pop., 914. Harrison, tu. in ilonitcau co., Mo. Pop., 1,585. Harrison, tn. in Vernon co.. Mo. Pop., 415. Harrison, tn. in Scotland co.. Mo. Poj)., 1,491. Harrnsoii, p. o. in Madison eo., Mont. Ter. Harrison, co. in Nebr., W. central part. Pop., 631. It is drained and intersected by the Loup Pork and its tributaries. The northern part extends into the r(«gion known as the " Sand Hills," and is unproductive; the southern part consists of rolling prairies and is well adapted to grazing. Harrison, tn. in Gloucester co., N. J. Pop., 3,038. Harrison, city in Hudson co., N. J., near Ho- boken. Pop., 4,129. Harrison, tn, in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 787. Harrison, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. E. of AVhite Plains. Harrison, co. in Ohio, E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 18,682; in 1860, 19,110. It is drained by Cross, Stillwater and Conotten Crs. The surface is diversifled by hills. The soil is very fertile. This co. is one of the greatest in the state for wool growing, aiul is also noted for its mines of bituminous coal. The Cinciu- cinnati & St. Louis R. R. passes through the northern part. Cadiz is the co. seat. Airr. productions in 1870: Wheat, l.")5,088 bush.; rye, 9,006 bush.; Indian-corn, 5s8,210 bush.; oats, 283,959 bush.; Irish jiofs, (i7,990 bush.; sweet pot's, 481 bush.; butter, 016,0-8 lbs.; wool, 820,810 lbs.; hav, 31,652 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,972,020. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,978,051. Value of ihaiuilactures, $149,091. Harrison, tn. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Pop., 758. ^Harrison, p. v. in the above tn., on the White Water R., 714 "I's. by railroad X. of Valley Junction, and 20 mis. N. W. of Cincin- nati. Harrison, v. in Portage co., Ohio, on Cuya- hoga R., 33 nds. E. S. E. of Cleveland. Harrison, tn. in Carroll co., Ohio. Pop., 1,024. Harrison, tn. in Champaign co., Ohio. Pon., 944. Harrison, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 2,007. Harrison, tn. in Gallia co., Ohio. Pop., 1,329. Harrison, tn. in Henry co., Ohio. Pop., 1,295. Harrison, tn. in Knoxco., Oliio. Pop., 687. Slarrison, tn. in Licking CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,242. Harrison, tn. in Logan co., Ohio. Pop., 994. Harrison, tn. in Montgomeiy co., Ohio. Pop., 2,11.5. Harrison, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop., 1,197. Harrison, tn. in Paulding co., Ohio. Pop., Harrison, tn. in Perry co., Ohio. Pop., 1,202. Harrison, tn. in Pickaway CO., Ohio. Pop., Harrison, tn. in Preble co., Ohio. Pop., 2,294. Harrison, tn. in Ross co., Ohio. Pop., 1,150. Harrison, tn. in Scioto co., Ohio. Pop., ],ii32. Harrison, tn. in Van Wert co., Ohio. Pop., 1.319. Harrison, tn. in Vinton co., Ohio. Popy782. Harrison, tn. in Alleghany eo.. Pa. Pop., 1,S70. Harrison, tn. in Bedford co.. Pa. Pop., 783 Harrison, tn. in Potter co , Pa. Pop., 1,052. Harrison, p. v. and the eo. seat of James co., Tcnn., on the Tennessee R., 12 mis. above Chattanooga. Harrison, eo. in Tex. E. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 13,241 ; in 1800, 15,001. The surface is undulating and the soil very productive, particularly of cotton. The Big Cypress Bayou, Big Cypress R. and Caddo Lake form the X. boundary. Sabine R. washes part of the S. boundary. The co. is bounded E. by La. Marshall is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 113 bush.; Indian-corn, 233,019 l)u.sh.; oats, 230 ))ush.; Irish pot's, 1.443. bush.; sweet pot's, 23,004 bush.; cotton, 8,105 bales ; butter, 10,305 lbs. Cash value of farms, $863,- 851. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $878,745. Value of manufactures, $124,',)04. Harrison, co. in AV. Va. N. part. Area about 4.50 sq. mis. Pop., 10,714 ; in 1800, 13,790. It is intersected and drained by the Monongahela R., which here receives numerous tributaries. The surface is broken and hilly and the soil of the valleys productive. The I'arkersburgh Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. passes tlirough the co. Clarksburgh is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : W heat, 83,473 bush.; rye, 4,,551 bush.; Indian-corn, 327,201 bush.; oats, 56,183 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,028 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,229 bush.; buttei-, 276,955 lbs.: hay, 16,901 tons. Cash value of farms, $i;,9;l5,258. To- tal, estimated, value of all I'arm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,302,545. Value of manufactures, $352,2.59. Harrison, tn. in Charles City co., Va. Pop., host. Harrison, tn. in Calumet CO., Wis. Pop., 1,502. Harrison, tn. in Grant co., "Wis. Pop., 1,045. Uarrisonburg^h, p. v. and the co. seat of Cataiioula parish. La., on the Ouachita R., and 29 mis. N. W. of Katchez, Miss. One news- paper. Harrisonbnrglt, tn. in Rockingham co., Va. Pop., 2,828. ^Harrisonbnrg'Ii, p. v. in the above tn. and llie CO. seat, in the Shenandoah Valley and on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., .50 mis. S. S. W. of Strasburg and 138 mis. from Alexandria. The surrounding countrj' is highly productive. Pop., 2,036. Four news- papers. Harrison €if y, p. o. in Westmoreland CO., Pa Harrison 9Iills, p. o. Scioto co., Ohio. HAEKISON'S CEEEK. 391 HARTFORD. Harrison's Crecli, p. o. in Bladen co., N. C. Harrison's Mills, p. o. in Crawl'orcl co.. Mo. Harrison's Store, p. o. in Shelby co., Tenn. Harrison Station, p. v. in Tallahatcbie co., Miss., on tlie Mississippi & Tennessee R. 11., 27 mis. N. N. W. of Grenada. Harrison Valley, p. o. in Potter co., Pa. Harrisonville, v. in Knox co.. 111., 12 mis. S. of Knoxville. Harrisonville, tn. in Monroe co., 111. Pop., 478. Harrisonville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississippi li., 1(5 mis. W. of Waterloo. Harrisonville, v. in Martin co., Ind., on In- dian Or., 4 mis. N. E. of Dover. Harrisonville, p. o. in Montgomery co., Kans. Harrisonville, p. o. in Shelby co., Ky. Harrisonville, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. ^Harrisonville, p. v. and the co. seat of Cass CO., Mo. I on the St. Louis & Santa Fe II. R., 21 mis. W. of Holden. In an agricultural and mining region. Pop., 1,032. One newspaper. Harrisonville, p. v. in Gloucester co., N. J., 121^ mis. S. S. W. of Woodbury. Harrisonville, v. in Scioto co., Ohio, 15 mis. N. E. of Portsmouth. The p. o. is Scioto. Harrisonville, p. v. in Meigs CO., Ohio, 9 mis. N. W. of Pomeroy. Pop., 160. Harrisonville, p. v. in Pulton co.. Pa., 6 mis. N. W. of McConnellsburgh. Harris Station, p. o. in Obion co., Tenn. Harristown, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., 984. Harristown, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. by railroad W. of Decatur. Harristown, p. v. in Washington co., Ind., on the Eouisville, New Albany & Ohio R. R., 5 mis. E. of Salem. Harrisville, p. v. in Randolph co., Ind., on the Cleveland, Columbus & Cincinnati li. R., 4 mis. W. of Union City. Harrisville, tn. in Alcona co., Mich. Pop., 464. * Harrisville, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the shore of Lake Huron, 33 mis. N. of Tawas City. Harrisville, p.' o. in Sinapson co., Miss. Harrisville, p. v. in Cheshire co., K. H., 10 nils. E. of Kcene. Harrisville, p. v. in Lewis co., N. Y., on a branch of the Oswegatchie R. Harrisville, p. v. in Harrison co., Ohio, 93^ mis. S. E. of Cadiz. Pop., 258. Harrisville, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop,, 1,182. Harrisville, p. v. in Butler co., Pa., on the Chenango & Alleghany R. R., 16 mis. from Mercer. Pop., 352. Harrisville, v. in Providence co., R. I., 15 mis. N. W. of Providence. Harrisville, p. v. in Bell co., Tex., 5 mis. from Belton. Harrisville, p. o. in Weber co., Utah. Harrisville, p. v. and the co. seat of Ritchie CO.. W. Va., 3 mis. S. of Pennsborough, on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Pop., 140. One news- paper. Harrisville, p. v. in Marquette co.. Wis., 8 mis. N. W. of Montello. Harrmann's Station, p. o. in Dearborn co., Ind. Harrodsbnrgh, p. v. in Monroe co., Ind., on tht! Louisville, Morth Albany & Chicago R. R., 12 mis. S. of Bloomington. *Harroon Hudson, p. v. in Westches- ter CO., X. 1'., ou the Hudson R. and the Hud- son River R. R., i]4 nils. X. of Yonkers. Hatborough, p. v. in Montgomery CO., Pa., 8 nils. N Of Slioemakertown. Hatchechubbee, p. v. in Russell co., Ala., on the Mobile & Guard R. R., 25mJs. S. W. of Girard. Hatcher's Station, p. o. in Quitman CO., Ga. Hatch Hollow, p. o. in Erie co., Pa. Hatch, p. o. in Kossuth co., Iowa. Hatch's Bend, p. o. in La Fayette co., Fla. Hatchville, p. o. in Barnstable co., Mass. Hat Creek, p. o. in Campbell co., Va. Hatfield, tn. in Hampsnire co., Iilass. Pop., l,5i)4. Hatfield, p. v. in the above tn., on the Connec- ticut Kiver R. R., 7 mis. X. of Xorthampton. Hatfield, tn. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pop., Hatfield, p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., on the Xoith Pennsylvania R. 11., o mis. X. of Lans- dalo. ^ Hatiiaway, p. o. in Lake co., Tcim. HATOKA. 394 HAYCOCK RUN. Hatoka, tn. in Nottoway co.^Va. Pop., 3,428. Hatteras, p. o. in Hyrte co., > . C. Uatteras, €apc, on the coast of N. C, 120 mis. S. lay E. of Cape Henry, and in lat. 35° 14' and Ion p. 75° 30'. Haltieville, p. o. in Barnwell district, S. C. Hanbstaclt, p. v. in Gibson co., Ind., on the Evansville & Crawfordville K. R., lO^^ mis. S. of Princeton. Ilaiijl^ht's Store, p. o. in Dallas co., Tex. HauitoH's, tn. in Redwood co., Minn. Pop., 111. Ilauitpaiig'c, p. o. in Suffolk CO., N. Y. II:iii»>ertowii, p. v. in Owen CO., Ind.,14i4mls. M'. of ypencer. Havana, tii. in Mason co., 111. Pop., 2,93.3. *^JIavaiia, p.v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Illinois li., opposite the mouth of Spoon R., and on the Peoria, Pekin & Jack- sonville R. R., 41 nils. S. S. W. of Peoria and 42 nils. N. of Jacksonville. Pop., 1,785. One newspaper. Havana, v. in Greene co., Iowa, on the Rac- coon R., and 353^ mis. S. S. W. of Fort Dodge. Havana, p. o. in Montgomery CO., Kans. Havana, p. o. in Gentry co., Mo. Havana, p. o. in Madison co., Mont. Ter. 'i^Havana, p. v. in Schuyler co., N. Y., on the Elmira^ Jetferson & Canandaigua R. R., 3 mis. S. of Watkins and 19 mis. N. of Elmira. It lies on the Chemung Canal, which connects the Chemung R. with Seneca Lake. Pop., 1,273. Two newspapers. Havana, p. v. in Huron co., Ohio, on a branch of the lialtimore & Ohio R. R., 714 i^^s. S. of INlonroeville. Havana, v. in Cass co., Texas. ^ Havanna, p. o. in Hale co., Ala. Havanna, tn. in Steele co., Minn. Pop., R36. Havanna, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R.,'5 mis. from Aurora. Havelock, p. v. in Cook co.. 111., near Lake Michigan, and on the Chicago & Northwestern It. R., 7^mls. N. of Chicago. HavcIocK, V. in Washington co.. Pa., on the Kan Handle R. R., 15i^ mis. W. of Pittshurgh. Haven, p. o. in Tama eo., Iowa. Havens, p. o. in Lawrence co.. Mo. Havei'l'orville, p. o. in Harrison co., Ky. Havird.sville, p. o. in Edgelield district, "S. C. ♦Havre de tJraee, p. v. in Harfonl co., Md., near the mouth of the Susquehanna R. and on the railroad from Baltimore to Philadelphia; is the terminus of the Tide ^Vater Canal, and has a large coal trade. A railroad bridge crosses the river at this place. Pop., 2,281. One newspaper. Haw Branch, p. o. in Onslow co., N. C. Haw Creek, tn. in Knox co.. 111. Pop., 1,056. Haw Creek, tn. in Bartholomew co., Ind. Pop., 2,634. Haw Creek, tu. in Morgan co.. Mo. Pop., Haw Creek, p. o. in Benton co., Mo. Haw Creek, p. o. in Fayette co., Tex. Hawes Cross Itoads, p. o. in Washington co., Tenn. Hawesville, p. v. and the co. seat of Hancock CO.. Ky., on the Ohio R., 124 mis. below LoMis- ville. In the neighborhood are productive coal beds, '"op., 855. Hawk Creek, tn. in Renville co., Mina. 'C'«'P., 353. Hawk Eye, p. o. in Fayette co., Iowa. Hawk Eye, p. o. in Dixon co., Nebr. Hawkins, ]). o. in Jay co., Ind. Hawkins, co. in Tenn., N. N. E. part. Area, 640 sq. mis. Pop., ]5,!>37; in 1860, 16,162. The surface is rocky, being traversed by Clinch Mt. and other ridges. It is intersected by the Holston R., which affords abnndan't water-power. Rogersville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 138,968 bush.; rye, 1,083 bush.; Indian-corn, 466,470 bush.; oats, 112.- 306 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,s29 bush.; sweet pot s, 4,956 bush.; tobacco, 12,370 lbs.; butter, 117,468 lbs.; hay, 3,354 tons. Cash value of farms, ,$:;,- 348,287. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, anch of the New York & Erie R R., 11)4 i^ls- ^^- of Lackawanna. Pop. about 1,500. Hawley's Store, p. o. in Sampson co., N. C. Hawleysville, p. v. in Page co., Iowa, on the East Nodaway R., 6 nils. N. E. of Clarimla. Hawley ton, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y', Hawley ville, p. v. in Fairfield co.. Conn., on the Housatonic R. R., 23 mis. N. by W. of Bridgeport. It is the southern terminus of the Shepang Valley R. R. Haw l»atch, v. in La Grange co., Ind., 6 mis. fiom Ligonier. Haw Kidgc, p. v. in Daleco., Ala., 25 mis. S. E. of Troy. Haw Kiver, a branch of the Cape Fear R.; rises in Koelcingham co., N. C, flows S. j;. tluougli Alamance co., and joins Deep R. at Jlay wood, in Chatham co. It has considerablti fall, atlording mueli water-power. Haw River, p. v. in Alamance CO., N. C.,1 inlo E. of Graliam. Hawthorn, p. o. in White co.. 111. Hawthorn, J), o. in Montgomery co., Iowa. Hawthorne, p. o. in Passaic co., N. J. Hawtliorne, p. o. in Bedford co., Tenn Haycock, tn. in Bucks Co., Pa. Pop., 1,250 Haycock Rnn, p. o. in the above tu. HAY CREEK. 395 HAZLEWOOD. B'ay Creofc, tn. in Gooclliue co., Minn. Pop., 901. Hayden, p. o. in Lassen co., Cal. Hsiyelcn Row, p. v. in MicUllosex CO., Mass.' Hayclens Ferry, p. o. in Maricopa co., A.riz. Haytlenville, p. v. in Hampahire Co., Mass., 7 mis. N. W. by railroad from Northampton. Baydciiville, p. o. in Hocking co., Ohio. Haj'-es' Store, p. o. in Madison co., Ala. Slayes' Store, p. o. in Gloucester co., Va. HayesviHe, p. v. in Keokuk co., Iowa. *Maycsville, p. v. in Ashland co., Ohio, 8 mis. S. E. of Ashland. Pop., .376. HayesviHe, p. o. and theco. seat of Clay co., 2s. C, on the Hiawassee R., and '20mls. N. of Clayton, Ga. Pop., 35. HayesviHe, p. v. in Chester co., Pa., 2)^ mis. N. of Oxford. Hayiieitl, tn. in Dodge CO., Minn. Pop., IS. Haytieltl, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,824. Hayjield, p. v. in the ahove tn., 3 mis. W. of SaugiTstown. Haylield, p. o. in Frederick co., Va. Hay Fork, p. o. in Trinity co., Cal. Hay Market, p. v. in Prince William co., "Va., ■1 mis. from Gainesville. Haymond, p. v. in Franklin co., Ind., 7^ mis. S. \V. of Brookville. Haymond, tn. iu Taylor co., W. Va. Pop., '.131. Hayncrville, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., 7>i2 iiil'^- N. K. of Troy. Hay lies, p. o. inlfocking co., Ohio. Hayiaes, p. o. in Union co., Tenn. • Haynesvllle, p. o. in Ohio co., Ky. Haj'iiesville, p. o. in Claiborne parish. La. Haynesviiie, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop., 105. Haynesviiie, p. o. in the above tn. Hayneville, p. v. anfl the co. seat of Lown- des CO., Ala., 7 inls. N. \V. of Lctohatchee and -3 mis. S. W. of Montgomery. Hays, CO. in Tex., central part. Area, 475 sq. mis. Pop., 4,0SS ; in 18150, 2,12d. The surface is hillj'-; the soil not remarkably fei-tilo. The S. part is intersected from F. to W. by the Rio lilanco and the N. part by Archer's and Union Crs. San Marcos is the co. seat. Agr. productions, in 1870 : Wheat, 311 bush.; rye, 80 bush.; Indian-corn, 92,420 bush.; oats, 55 bush.; Irish pot's, 238 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,838 bush.; cotton, 1,4IJ8 bales; butter, 32,310 lbs.; hay, 7ti tons. Cash value of farms, $207,897. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $162,577. Value of manufactures, $19,846. Hay's City, tn. in Fills co., Kans. Pop., 320. *Hay's City, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 88 mis. \V. of Brookville. Pop., 320. Hay's Ford, p. o. in Warren co., Ky. Hay's Store, p. o. in Wake CO., iST. C. Haysville, p. v. in Greene co., Ala., at the junction of the Alabama & Chattanooga R. K. with the Selma & Meridian R. R., 7 mis. S. W. ofFutaw. Pop., 25. Haysville, p. v. iu Dubois co., Ind., 18 mis. from Loogootee. Hay ward, tn. in Freeborn co., Minn. Pop., 3^2. Hay ward, p. v. in the above tn., on the Min- nesota U. 11., 19 mis. W. of Brownsdale. Haywood, p. v. in Alameda co., Cal., on the Central Pacific R. R. and on San Francisco B. It is a thrivi-.ig place and has unusual facili- ties for trade. Pop., 501. One newspaper. Haywood, co. in N. C, W. part. Area, 525 sq. mis. Pop., 7,921 ; in ISiiO, 5,S01. The surface is juountainoub ; the soil fertile in the valleys and niiar the streams. It is bounded on the E. by a ridge of the Blue Mts., on tlie W. and N. by ridges of tlie Great Iron Mts., and on the S. by the Blue Ridge. Big Pigeon R. in- tersects most of the central part. WaynesviUe is the CO. seat. Agr. productions iu 1870: Wheat, 40,734 bush.; rye, 9,004 bush.; Indian- corn, 206,998 bush.; oats, 26,879 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,126 bush.; sweet pot's, 699 bush.; to- bacco, 18,692 lbs.; butter, 76,463 lbs.; hav, 651 tons. Cash value of farms, $591,148. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $358,520. Value of manufactures, $8,415. Haywood, p. v. in Chatham co., N. C. Haywood, co. in Tcnn., S. W. part. Area, 497 sq. mis. Pop., 2.5,094; in 1860, 19,232. Its S. part is intersected by the Big Hatchie R. flowing from F. to W. The S. Fork of the Forked Deer Cr. intersects the N. E. corner. The surface is level and the soil quite fertile, Brownsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions iul870: Wheat, 3S,507 bush.; rye, 4.52 bush.; In- aian-corn, 522,921 bush.; oats, 9,717 bush.; Irish pot's, 1.5,352 bush.; sweet pot's, 31,037 bush.; cotton, 10,510 bales ; butter, 89,739 lbs.; hay, 329 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,885,796. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,403,495. Value of manufactures, $140,796. Hazard, p. v. in Cherokee co., Iowa, on the Illinois Central R. R., 82 mis. from Fort Dodge and 7 mis. from Cherokee. Hazard, p. o. and the co. seat of Perry co., Ky., on the North Fork of the Kentucky R., 65 mis. E. of Mt. Vernon. Hazard, v. in Albany co., Wyo. Ter., station on the Union Pacific R. R., 7 mis. from Cheyenne. Hazardville, p. v. in Hartford co., Conn., 6 mis. E. of Thomsonville. Hazel, tn. iu Luzerne CO., Pa. Pop., 7,110. Hazeldell, p. o. in Lawrence co.. Pa. Hazel Green, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 752. Hazel Green, p. o. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Hazel Green, tn. in Grant co., Wis. Pop., 2,161. Hazel Green, p. v. in the ahove tn., 10 mis. N. of Galena, 111. Pop., 723. Hazel Grove, p. o. in Lawrence co.. Ark. Hazel Grove, p. o. Oceana co., Mich. Hazel Itiiu, p. o. in St. Francois co., Mo. Hazeltoii, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 8S5. Hazelton, p. o. in the ahove tn, Hazletou, tn. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop., 822. Hazelton, p. o. in tlie ahove tn. Hazelton, v. in Douglas co., Nebr. Hazelwood, p. o. iu Rice co., Minn. Hazen, p. o. in Prairie co.. Ark. Hazle Barrens, p. o. in Barry co.. Mo. Hazle Dell, p. v. iu Cumberland CO., 111., 8 mis, S. E. of Greenup. Hazle ]>cll, p. o. in Comanche co., Tex. Hazle Green, p. o. in Madison co., Ala. Hazle Green, p. o. in Delaware co., Iowa. Hazle Green, jj. o. in Wolfe CO., Ky. Hazle Green, jj. o. in Laclede co., Mo. Hazle Mill, tn. in Johnson co.. Mo. Pop., 1,904. Hazleliurst, p. o. in Appling co., Ga. UuzleSiurst, v. in Glynn co., Ga., on the Brunswick & .Vlbany R. R., 13 mis. from Brunswick. Pop. about 100. *Hazle Hurst, p. v. in Copiah co.. Miss., on the Great Jackson Route R. R., 34 mis. S, of •Jackson. Pop., 602. One newspaper. Hazle I»atcli, p. o. in Laurel co., Ky, Hazleton, p. v. in Gibson co., Ind., on White R. and on the Evansville & Crawfordville R. K., 13!^ mis. S. of Vincennes. Pop., 376. *Hazleton, p. bor. iuLuzerne CO., Pa.; is the terminus of a branch of the Lehigh Valley R. R., 15 mis. W. of Penn Haven. It lies in the iron and coal region. Pop., 4,317, Three news- papers. Hazlettville, p. o. in Kent CO., Del, Hazlewood, tn. in Alexander co.. Ill, Poo.. 674. Hazlewood, p. o. in Alexander co,, 111. HAZLEWOOD. 396 HELENA. Hazlewood, tu. in Webster CO., Mo. Pop., i.-'»;7. Hazlewood, p. o. in the above tu. Hazlcwoocl, p. o. in Chester district, S. C. UeacllaiKl, p. o. in Henry cc, Ala. UcadlaiKl, p. o. in Sanndcrs CO., Nebr. Hi'ai(in & Providence li. R., 7 mis. N. E. of l'rii\ iilciHo, and near the boundary of 11. I. Heeht City, p. o. in Randolph co.. Ark. Hecker, p. v. in Monroe co.. 111., 18 mis. from Belleville. Hicktown, p. v. in Northampton co.. Pa., 12J^ nils, by railroad N. of Bethlehem. Hccla, ]>. o. in AVhitley co., Intl. Heela Works, p. o. in Oneida CO., N. Y. Heetor, p. o. in Jay Co., Ind. Heetor, tn. iu Schuyler co., N. Y, Pop., 4,905. Hector, p. o. in the above tn. Heetor, tn. in Potter co.. Pa. Pop., 651. Hedgesville, p. o. in Steuben co., M. Y. Uedgesville, p. v. in Berkeley co., W. Va., 3 mis. from Clierry Run Depot. Hedwig's Hill, p. o. in Mason co., Tex. Heifren, p. o. in Washington co., Intl. Hegarty's Cross Roads, p. o. in Clearfleld CO., Pa. Hegesville, tn. in Berkeley co., Va. Pop., 2,499. Hegg, p. o. in Trempealeau eo.. Wis. Hegins, tn. in Schuylkill eo.. Pa. Pop., 1,154. Hegins, p. o. in the above tn. Heidelberg, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. PoiJ., 1,193. Heidelberg, tn. in Lebanon co.. Pa. Pop., 2,2.3';. Heidelberg, tn.'in Lehigh CO., Pa. Pop., 1,441. Heidelberg, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 2,366. Heidelberg, j). o. in Le Sueur eo., Minn. Heidlcr.<«burgli, p. v. in Adams co.. Pa., 10 mis. X. K of Gettysburg. Heiglitsbnrg, v. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 203. Heilniandalc, p. o. in Lebanon co.. Pa. Heistersburgh, p. o. in Fayette co., Pa. Helen, tn. in McLeod co., Mhin. Pop., 476. Helen, p. o. in the above tn. Helena, p. o. in Shelbj' co., Ala. *Helena, p. v. and the co. seat of Phillips CO., Ark., on the Mississippi R.; is the terminua ol the Arkansas Central R. R., and is 80 mis. below Memphis, Tenn. It has considerable river commerce. Pop., 2,249. Five newspa- pers. Helena, p. o. in Lake co., Colo. Helena, p. o. in Tama co., Iowa. Helena, p. v. in Mason eo., Ky..on the Mason & Lexington R. R., 12 nils. S. of Maysvillo. Helena, tn. in Antrim co., Mich. Pop., ■iSS, Hclcutt, tn. in Scott co., Miuu. Pop., l.OSy. HELEI^.\. 397 HENDEESOI^. Belena, p. v. in Scott eo., Minn., 14 mis. E. of Belle Plain. • *If elena, city and eo. seat of Lewis and Clai-ke CO., Mont. Ter., 1'20 mis. N. of Virginia City ; lies ou a beantiful jilain surrounded by higli ranges of the Rocky Mis., and aboutSOinls. E. of tlie Missouri R. It supplies the numerous mining districts in the neighborhood Avith goods and provisions, and is rapidly growing. Pop., 3,103. Four newspapers. Helena, p. o. in Johnson co., JSTebr. Helena, p. v. in St. Lawrence co., X. Y., on the St. Regis R., 10^ mis. N. of Stockholm Depot. Pop., 150. Helena, p. o. in Sandusky co., Ohio. Helena, v. in Newberry district., S. C, at the junction of the Greenville & Colunibia R. R. witli the Laurens R. R., 4S mis. from Columbia. Pop., 100. Helena, p. v. and the co. seat of Karnes co., Tex., on the San Antonia R., below the junc- tion of the Medina R. and Cibolo Cr., 43 mis. AV. of Victoria. Helena Station, p. v. in Iowa co., Wis., on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 2 mis. E. of Spring Grove. Holen'Furnace, p. o. in Clarion co.. Pa. Helenville, p. v. in Jeflerson co., Wis., 6 mis. E. of Jctfcrson. HelSiani, p. o. in Overton eo., Tenn. Helicon, p. o. in Crenshaw co., Ala. Hellam, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 1,G39. Hellain, p. o. in the above tn. Hellen, p. V. in Elk co.. Pa., on a branch of the Clarion R., 13 mis. S. of Ridgeway. Heller's Corners, p. o. in Allen co., Ind. Hellertoivn, p. v. in Northampton co.. Pa., ou the North Pennsylvania R. R., 5 mis. S. of liothlehem. Helinielc, p. o. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Helniville.p. o.in Deer Lodge co., Mont. Ter. Helt, tn. ill \ ermiUion co., Ind. Pop., 2,794. Helton, ]■). o. in Asheco., N. C. HeltonvJlle, p. v. in Lawrence CO., Ind., 12 nils. N. E. of Bedford. Helvetia, p. o. in Randolph co., W. Va. Helvetia, tn. in Waupaeca co., Wis. Pop., 148. Helvetia, p. o. in the above tn. Hematite, p. v. in Jetferson co.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 35 mis. S. of St. Louis. Hemlock, p. o. in Perry co., Ohio. Hemlock, p. v. in Cambria co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 3 mis. S. W. of Cresson. Hemlock, tn. in Columbia co.. Pa. Pop., 1,170. Hemlock €ity, p. o. in Saginaw co., Mich. Hcn»lock Grove, p. o. in Meigs co., Ohio. Hemlock Hollow, p. o. in Wayne eo., I'a. Hemlock ILake, iii Livingston co., N. Y.; separates Livingston co. from Ontario co. It is tlramed by an affluent of Iloneoye Cr., and covers an area of about 5 sq. mis. Hemlock I^ake, p. v. in Livingston co., N. 1'.; ii^4 mis. S. E. of Livonia Station. Pop., 257. Hempfield, p. o. in the v. of Rohrerstown in Lancaster co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Cen- tral R. R., 3 mis. W. of Lancaster. Hempfield, tn. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 1,119. Hempfield, tn. in AVestmoreland co.. Pa. Pop., .5,819. Heinpliill, p. o. and the co. seat of Sabine co., Tex.. 10 mis. from Sabinetown on the Sa- bine R. Hempstead, co. in Ark., S. W. part. Area about 9.50 sq. mis. Pop., 13,7(38; in 1860, 13,989. The Red R. and its alHuent, Little R., form the south-western boundary ; the Little Mis- souri the north-eastern. Terre Rouge Cr. and Ozan Cr., tributaries of the Little Mis- souri, rise in this co. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. AVashington is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,508 bush.; Indian-corn, 683,425 bush.; oats, 2,- 713 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,261 bush.; sweot pot's, 40,541 bush.; cotton, 10,664 bales; tobacco, 875 lbs. Cash value of farms, $733,528. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,336,606. Value of maiinfactures, $131,003. Hempstead, tn. in Queens co., N. Y. Pop., 13,999. *Hempstead, p. v. in the above tn.; is the ter- minus of a branch, 2i^ mis. long, of the Long Island R. R., and is 17 mis. E of Brooklynaud 4 mis. from the ocean. Several manufactories and considerable local trade. Pop., 2,316. Two newspapers. Hempstead, p. v. in Austin co., Tex., on the Brazos R. and on the Houston & Texas Cent- ral R. R., 40 nils, N. W. of Houston. The Mae- dade Branch joins the main line here and in- tersects the COS. N. of Hempstead. It is a flourishing farming v., and has aboutl,500 in- habitants. Henderson, p. o. in Pike co., Ala. Henderson, p. o. in Houston eo., Ga. Henderson, co. in 111., W. part. Area, 5.50 sq. mis. Pop., 12,.582 ; in 1860, 9,501. The surface is undulating ; the soil fertile. The co. eon- tains some stone-coal and limestone. It is separated from Iowa by the Mississippi R., which forms its western boundary. Oquaw- ka is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 230,174 bush.; rye, 96,430 bush.; Indian- corn, 1.712,901 bush.; oats, 229,986 bush.; Irish pot's, 59,711 bush.; sweet pot's, 754 bush.; but- ter, 267,268 lbs.; hay, 12,326 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,719,414. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,717,950. Value of manufactures, $318,100. Henderson, tn. in Knox co., 111. Pop., 1,742. Henderson, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. by N. of Wataga. Henderson, p. o. in Lucas co., Iowa. Henderson, co. in Kv-, N. AV. part. Area, 610 sa.mLs. Pop., 18,4.57; in 1860, 14,262. The surface is uneven and the soil fertile. The Ohio R. separates it on the N. from Ind. Green R. forms its E. boundary. Deer Cr. its S. and Highland Cr. its W. Henderson is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 47,586 bush.; rye, 1,843 bush.; Indian-corn, 739,652 bush.; oats, 31,118 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,641 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,164 bush.; tobacco, 6,600,- 506 lbs.; butter, 84,174 lbs.; hay, 1,775 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,.322,516. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,371,942. Value of manufactures, $373,874. ^Henderson, city and the co. seat of Hender- son CO., Ky., on the Ohio R. and the Evans- ville, Henderson & Nashville R. R., 146 mis. N. of Nashville and 200 mis. below Louisville. Large quantities of country produce are ship- ped here. Pop., 4,171. Two newspapers. Henderson, p. o. in Caroline co., Md. Henderson, tn. in Sibley co., Minn. Pop., 1,291. ^Henderson, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Minnesota R., and near the St. Papl & Sioux City R. R., 58 mis. 8. W. of St. Paul. Pop., 70S. One newspaper. Henderson, p. o. in Webster co., Mo. Henderson, tn. in Jelfcrson co., N. Y. Pop., 1,926. Henderson, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. W. of Adams. Pop., 339. Henderson, co. in N. C, S. W. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 7,706; in 1860, 10,448. The surface is mountainous, the soil best adapted to grazing. It is bounded W., S. and E. by portions of the Blue Ridge It is watered by French Broad R. and Mud Cr. The Spartan- burgh & Union R. R. intersects the N. K. part. Ilendersonville is the co. seat. Agr. pimduc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 4,348 bush.; rye, 22,298 bush.; Indian-corn, 212,914 bush.; oats, 21,101 HENDERSON. 398 HENRY. bush.; Irislipot's, 14,0C0busl).; sweet pot's, 7.377 bush.; tobacco, 2-2 S8G lbs.; butter, »2,'.)U> lbs.; hay, 417 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,015,1)S'-'. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, Includiiiy additions to stock, etc., $101),- 281. Value of manufactures, $S1,40:J. **IeiJderson, p. v. in Granville co., N. C, on the Raleigh & Gaston li. R., 40 mis. N. of Ra- leigh. Pop., 545. Henderson, ]). v. in Mercer co., Pa., 12 mis. E. X. K. of fiercer. Henderson, tn. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Pop., 061. Henderson, tn. in Jefferson co., Pa. Pop., 884. Henderson, co. in Tenn., TV. part. Area, COS sci. mis. Pop., 14,217 ; in 18(50, 14,491. Tlie sur- face is nearly level and the soil fertile. It is drained by the head waters of several afflu- ents of the Tennessee R. Lexington is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 41,274 bush.; rye, 440 busli.; Indian-corn, 547,805 bush.; oats, 17,397 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,148 bush.; swe(;t pot's, 30,730 bush.; toliacco, 15,134 lbs.; butter, 142,847 lbs.; hay, 07 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,929,885. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, incluiling additions to stock, etc., $1,168,172. Value of manufactures, *118,- 419. Henderson, co. in Tex., central part. Area, 475 sq. mis. Pop., 0,780 ; in 1800, 4,595. The sur- face is imdulaliug; the soil good and well watered. Trinity R. bouutls it on the W., Neches R. on the K. Athens is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 159 bush.; rye. 69 bush.; Indian-corn, 156,804 bush.; oats, 683 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,900 bush.; sweet loot's, 23,075 bush.; cotton, 2,907 bales ; butter, 34,543 lbs. Cash value of farms, $187,080. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $336,.^51. Value of manufactures, $49,037. Henderson, ]). v. and the co. seat of Rusk co., Tex., 33 nds. S. E. of Blurshall ; in a cotton- pruducing district. One newspaper. Henderson's Mill, p. o. in Marshall CO., Ky. Henderson's 8i>rinj;-s, p. o. in Sevier CO., Tenn. Henderson Station, p. o. in Ford CO., 111. Henderson Station, p. v. in Madison co., Tenn., on the Mobile & Ohio R. 11., 17 mis. S. E. of Jackson. Hendersouvillc, p. v. and the co. seat of Henderson co., N. C, 27 mis. W. of Rutherford- ton. Pop., 27S. Hendersonville, p. v. in Sumner co., Tenn., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 12 mis. S. W. of Gallatin and 5 mis. from Edgelield Junction. Hendricks, co. in Ind., central part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 20,402 ; in 1800, 10,9.i3. The southern and nurth-western parts of the co. are undulating ; the remainder is level. The soil is very productive. Timber is abundant. The CO. is drained bv the Walnut Pork of Eel R. and the White Lieic Cr. Three lines of railroad pass through tlie eo. Danville is the CO. seat. Agr. produ(-tions in 1870: Wheat, 376,992 bush.; rye, 2,319 bush.; Indian-tiorn, 975,- 825 bush.; oats, 53,501 l)usli.; Irish pot's, 47,020 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,5.30 bush.; butter, 218,520 lbs.; hay, 12,180 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,- 195,484. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,722,832. Value of manufactures, $009,072. Hendricks, tn. In Shelby co., Ind. Pop., 1,704. Hendricks, p. o. in Otoe co., Ncbr. liendricks, p. o. in Montgomery eo., P.a. Ucndricksbur^Ii, V. in Luzerne co., Pa., 2 mis. by railroad y. of Wilkcsharre. Heiidr'ick's Store, p. o. in Jieilford co., Va. llciids-ix, 1). o. m Crawford co., Ind. Hendrysburj^li, p. v. m Uclmout co., Ohio, 6 mis. ii. of iJarnesville. Heudy Creek, p. o. in Chemung co., N. Y. IlenTcy, p. v. in Siskiyou co., Cal., 14 mis. N. of \ i^dia. • Henley ville, p. o. in Tehama co., Cal. Henlopen, Cape, at the entrance of Delaware ij., on the eastern coast of Delaware, 15 mis. S. S. W. of Cape May. It is in 38° 47' X. hit. and 75'' 5' 30" W. long. Hennepin, tn. in Putnam co.,Ill. Pop., 2,144. Hennepin, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Illinois R., 115 mis. N. of Spring- lield and 3 mis. S. E. of Bureau Junction on the Peoria Branch R. R. •Has considerable I'iver commerce. One newspaper. Hennepin, co. in Minn., S. central part. Area, 000 sq. mis. Pop., 31,500 ; in 1800, 12,.849. The surface is mostly level and the soil very fer- tile. The CO. is bounded on the E. by the jMississippi R., on the K. W. by Green R., and on the S. by the Minnesota R. The main lino of the St. I^aul & Paeiflc R. R. intersects the S. central part. Minneapolis is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 379.060 bush.; rye, 9,411 bush.: Indian-corn, 259,418 bush.; oats, 226,361 bush.; Irish pot's, 98,803 liush ; sweet pot's, 95 bush.; butter, 333,146 lbs.; hay, 25,454 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,164,074. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc.,$l,- 400,479. Princiinil products of industry : Flour and meal, $1,12.'), 215; sawed lumber, $1,733,011; furniture, $14s.30U, anil woollen goods. $142,012. Total value of manufactures, $0,810,970. Heunikcr, tn. in Merrimack co., N. II. Pop., 1,288. Henniker, p. v. in the above tn., on the Con- tocook R. and the Contocook River R. R., (>•% nds. N. ot Hillsborough Bridge, and 18 mis. from Concord. Hciining''s Mills, p. o. in Clermont CO., Oliio. Henrico, co. in Va., E. part. Area, 230 sq. nds. Pop., 00,179 ; in 1860, 61,610, It extends from the James R. in the S. to the Chiekahominy 11. in the N., and has an uneven surface and a moderately productive soil. The Richmond, Fredcrick.sburgh & Potomac R. R. and the Richmond & York R. R. intersect the co. Riclimond, the state capitr', is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 81,422 bush.; rye, 1,159 bush.; Indian-corn, 127,l(i6 bush.; oats, 89,601 bush.; Irish pots, 37,634 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,228 bush.; tobacco, 11,175 lbs.; butter, 40,005 lbs.; hay, 2,112 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,195,050. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $724,845. Value of manufactures,$U,436,010. Henrietta, tn. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 970. Henrietta, p. o. in the above tn. Henrietta, p. o. in Nuekells eo., Nebr. Henrietta, tn. in Monroe co., N. T. Pop., 2,280. Henrietta, p. o. in the above tn., on the RoelKster Division of the Erie R. R., 7 mis. S. of lloeliester. Henrietta, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., 927. Henrietta, p. o, in the above tn. Henrietta, p. o in Blair co.. Pa. Henrietta, tn. in Richland co., Wi.s. Pop., 754. Henrietta, p. o. in the above tn. Henry, eo. in Ala., forming the S. E. extrem- ity of the state. Areaabout l,100sq. mis. Pop., 14',191 ; in 1860, 14,918. It is bounded on the E. by the Chattahoochee R., which separates it from Ga. The eastern part is traversed by the East Branch of the Choctawhatchec R. Tlie surface is slightly undulating, and the soil consists mostly of unproductive sand, which in some localities forms low ridges. Abbeville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 52 bush.; rye, 40 bush.; Indian- corn, 248,470 bush.; oats, 5,670 bush.; sweet pot's, 48,988 bush.; cotton, 7,127 bales. Cash value of farms, $805,419. Total, estimated, HENRY. 399 HENRYSVILLE. value of all farm prodiictions, Inclucling addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,0(51,838. Value of manu- faclui'cs, $51,410. Henry, co. in Ga., central part. Area, 395 sq. mis. Pop., 10,10-2 ; in 1S60, 10,702, The South R., a branch of the Ocmulgee, forms the east- ern boundary, and Towaliga Cr. part of the southern. The surface is broken and mostly covered with forests. The soil is moderately productive. McDonough is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 45,488 bush.; In- dian-corn, 1GG,-210 bush.; oats, 10,619 bush.; Irish pot's, 3'28 bush.; sweet pot's, 22 714 bush., cotton, 4,888 bales ; butter, 52,175 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,073,010. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $922,821. Value of manu- factures, $28,500. Henry, co. in 111., N. W. part. Area, 825 sq. mis. Top., 35,506 ; in 1860, 20,660. The surface is undulating and the soil flhe. The Chicago & Kock Island R. R. passes through it from E. to W. The Rock R. forms the N. W. bound- ary of the CO. Cambridge is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 462,824 bush.; rye, 35,766 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,541,683 bush.; oats, 668,367 bush.; Irish pol's, 156.734 bush.; sweet pot's, 90 bush.; butter, 644,494 lbs.; hay, 37,229 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,152,900. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,959,- 687. Value of manufactures, $903,075. Henry, tu. in Marshall co., 111. Pop., 2,613. *Henry, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chicago, Kock Island & Pacific R. R., 127 mis. S. W. of Chicago and 33 mis. K. E. of Peoria. Ship- ping point for grain. Pop., 2,162. One news- paper. Henry, co. in Ind., E. central part. Area, 385 sq. mis. Pop., 23,083 ; in 1860, 20,119. The east- ern part is generally level ; the remainder undulating. It is drained by several forks of the White li. Three lines of railroad pass through the co. New Castle is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 601,721 bush.; rye, 1,305 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,152,164 bush.; oats, 98,677 bush.; Irisli pot's, 52,599 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,864 bush.; butter, 384,451 lbs.; hay, 10,090 tons'. Cash value of farms, $12,464,- 507. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,369,670. Value of manufactures, $988,913. Henry, tn. in Fulton co., Ind. Pop., 1,919. Henry, tn. in Henry co., Ind. Pop., 2,818. Henry, p. o. in Ray CO., Mo. Henry, tn. in Veriion co.. Mo. Pop., 680. Henry, co. in Iowa, S. E. part. Area, 430 sq. mis. Pop., 21,463; in 1860, 18,701. The surface is undulating; the soil fertile and under good cultivation. Limestone and stone-coal are found. Big Cr. and other creeks drain the co. The Dubuque and Mississippi R. R. intersects the CO. from W. to. E. Mount Pleasant is the CO. seat. Agr. production.? in 1870 : Wheat, 219,474 bush.; rye, 19,529 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,095,846 bush.; oats, 231,631 bush.; Irish pot's, 99,459 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,035 bush.; wool, 129,187 lbs.; butter, 490,181 lbs.; hay, 27,991 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,243,360. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,174,772. Value of manufactures, $1,549,818. Henry, co. in Ky., N. part. Area, 230 sq. mis. Pop., 11,066 ; in 1860, 11,949. The surface is un- dulating ; the soil is remarkably fertile. The Kentucliy R. forms its E. boundary. The Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R.R. inter- sects it. Kew Castle is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 57,123 bush.; rye, 25,- 516 bush.; Indian-corn, 591,528 bush.;" oats, 63,913 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,986 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,787 bush.; tobacco, 1,375,364 lbs.; butter, 114,160 lbs.: hay, 2,879 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,279,326. Total, estimated, value of aU farm productions, including additions to .stock, etc., $882,863. Value of manufactures, $146,074. Henry, co. in Mo., W. part. Area, 765 sq. mis. Pop., 17,401 ; in 1860, 9>g66. The surface is un- dulating and consists of extensive prairiea with heavy timber skirting the streams. The soil is very productive and adapted to all branches of agriculture. The co. is drained by Grand R. and its affluents, and is intersect- ed by the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R. Clinton is the co. seat. Agr. productions 'in 1870: Wheat, 239,828 bush.; rye, 515 bush.; In- dian-corn, 1,167,590 bush.; oats, 298,581 bush.; Irish pot's, 34,117 bush; sweet pot's, 2,112 bush.; tobacco, 7,450 lbs.; butter, 181,945 lbs.; hay, 5,167 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,024,430, Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 279,095. Value of manufactures, $5b5,115. Henry, co. in Ohio, K. W. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 14,028 ; in 1860, 8,901. This co. is in- tersected from S. W. to N. E. by the Maumee R. The surface is generallj' level and the soil good. It is traversed by the Wabash & Erie Canal and Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R. Napoleon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 175,151 bush.; rye, 3,745 bush.; Indian-corn, 115,522 bush.; oats, 78,190 bush.; Irish pot's, 67,347 bush.; sweet pot's, 266 bush.; butter, 297,973 lbs.; hay, 11,311 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,440,804. Total, estimated, value of all farm pi-odtictions, including additions to stock, etc., $907,291. Value of manufactures, $579,221. Henry, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 685. Henry, co. in Tenn., N. N. W. part. Area, 580 sq. mis. Pop., 20,380 ; in 1860, 19,133. Theco.is bounded N. by Ky. antl E. by the Tennessee and Big Sandy Rs. It is traversed by the Memphis & Louisville R. R. The surface is level and the soil productive. Paris is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 98,435 bush.; rye, 554 bush.; Indian-corn, 767,220 bush.; oats, 26,816 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,'),365 l)ush.; sweet pot's, 31,882 busli.; cotton, 2,.'J85 bales ; tobacco, 1,715,001 lbs.; butter, 174,000 lbs.; hay, 910 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,- 645,294. ' Totalj estimated, value of dll farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,337,686. Value of manufactures, $391,- 745. Henry, co. in Va., S. part. Area about 325 sq mis. Pop., 12,303; in 1860, 12,105. It borders ou N. C. and is intersected from N. W. to S. B. by Smith R., a tributary of Dan R. The sur- face is rolling and hilly and the soil of the vallej's productive. Martinsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 23,651 bush.; rye, 9,302 bush.; Indian-corn, 154,794 bush.; oats, 75,229 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,030 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,996 bush.; tobacco, 1,129,- 617 lbs.; butter, 27,335 lbs. Cash value of farms, $819,920. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $492,127. Value of manufactures, $149,- 430. Henry, tn. in Hanover co., Va. Pop., 3,347. Henry, tn. in Sussex co., Va. Pop., 1,220. Henry, p. o. in the above tn. Henry Clay, tn. in Fayette co.. Pa. Pop., 951. Henry Clay Factory, p. v. in New Castle CO., Del., 3 mis. N. W. of Wilmington. Henry's Cross Roads, p. o. in Sevier CO., Tenn. Henry's ForK, p. o. in Roane co., W. Va. Henry Station, p. v. in Henry co.. Tenn., on the Louisville & Memphis R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Paris Pop. about 400. Henrysville, p. o. in Marsliall CO., Ala. Henrysville, p. v. in Logan co., Ky., 10 mis. from RussellviUe the co. seat. Henrysville, p. v. in Monroe co.. Pa., near the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R , 8 mis. N. W. of Stroudsburg. ..•'op.. 25. HEXRYVILLE. 400 HERTFORD. Henryvillc, p. V. in Clarke co., Ind., on the Jcflfcrsonville, Madison & Indianapolis K. R., 181^ nils. N'. of Jcffersonville. Heiiry ville, p. o. in Lawrence co., Tenn. Hensloy, tii. in Champaign co., 111. Pop., 804. Heiisle.y, tii. in Johnson co., Ind. Pop., 1,608. Hensoii's ^prin^s, p. o. in Sanford co., Ala. Hensoiivllle, p. o. in Greene co., N. Y. He5»l>urn, tn. in Lycoming co., Pa. Pop., 971. Hepler, p. o. in Crawford co., Kans. Hepler, p. o. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Heppner, p o. in Uniatilla co., Oreg. Heptoii, p. o.in Kosciusko co., Ind. Herald's Prairie, tn. in VVliite co.,111. Pop., I.IGO. Herbert, p. o. in Neshoba co., Miss. Hereford, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., 4 mis. S. of Uarkton. Hereford, tn. in Berks CO., Pa. Pop., 1,230. Hereford, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. E. of Alburtis. Hereford, p. o. in Jackson CO., W. Va. Hering'ton, 2^. o. in Garrard co., Ky. Herkimer, co. in N. Y., central part. Area about l,-275sii. mis. Pop., 3;),9:29 ; in 18G0, 40,- 561. Tlic northern part of this long and nar- row CO. lies partly within the Adirondack re- gion ; is rough and hilly ; has a slope from E. to W. and is drained by numerous tributaries of the Black R. The southern part includes the upper coui'se of the Mohawk R. and is drained by East and West Canada Crs. The surface of" this part is level or undulating and has a highly productive soil. The New York Central It. R. intersects the co., follow- ing the valley of the Mohawk R. Herkimer is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, li,()(;5 bush.; rye, 7,359 bush.; Indian- corn, 12S,V).53 bush.; oats, 551,179 bush.; Irish pot's, 3j7,"'05 bush.; sweet pot's, 15 bush.; cheese, 5,101,(j54 lbs.: wool, -25,918 lbs.; butter, 1,212,051 lbs.; hay, 157,839 tons. Cash value of farms, $27,489,169. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $5,707,902. Principal products of industry : Cheese, $1,514,347 ; lire-arms, $1,752,- 927; flour and meal, $545,046; tanned leather, $1,003,550. and woollen goods, $856,024. Total value of munufactures, $>',901,297. Herkimer, tn. in Herkimer co., N. Y. Pop., 2,949. *Herkimer, p. v. and the co. seat of Herki- mer CO., N. Y., on the Mohawk R., the Eric Canal, and the New York Central R. R., 80% mis. \V. of Albany. It has a paper mill, some flouring mills, and does a large business in dairy p'roducts. Pop., 1,220. One newsiiaper. Hcriiiaaii, p. o. in Ripley co., lud. Herman, p. o. in Grant co., Minn. Herman, p. v. in Washington co., Nebr., on the Omaha & Northwestern R. R., 10 nils. N. of Blair. Herman, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 1,935. Herman, p. o. in the above tn. Herman, tn. in Sheboygan co.. Wis. Pop., 2,252. •Hermann, p. v. and the co. seat of Gasconade CO. Mo., on. the Missouri H. and the Missouri Pacific R. R., 81 mis. W. of St. Louis. The vineyards in the neighborhood are very pro- ductive, and in 1870 there were manufactured over 590,000 gallons of wine. Pop., 1,335. Two newspapers. Hermansville, p. o. in Coos co., Oreg. Hermilasc, p. o. in Bradley Co., Ark He .... He on Uermitag-e, p. v. and the co. seat of Hickory CO., Mo., on the Pomme de la Terre R., 36 mis. from Clinton. One newspaper. Hermita;;c, p. v. in Wyoming co., N. Y., 8 mis. W. of Castile. Hermitage, p. v. in Mcrccr co. Pa., 3 mis. E. of Sharon. ;rmiiag;c, p. o. in liiaoiey co., jvvk. irniitage, p. o. in Mendocino co., Cal. irmita^^-e, p. v. in Point Coupee parish. La., n the Mississippi R., 3 mis. from Port Hudson. Hermitage, p. o. in Augusta oo., Va. Hermon, p. v. in Knox co.. 111., 5 mis. S. E. of Aliingdon. Hermon, tn. in Penobscot co. Me. Pop., 1,489. Hermon, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of Bangor. Hermon, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 1,793. ^Herman, p. v. in the above tn., 4^ mis. E. of East De Kiilb. Pop., 573. Hermon denter, p. o. in Penobscot co., Mc. Hermon Pond, p. v. in Penobscot co.. .Mc., on the Maine Central R. R., 1014 mis. W. of Ban- gor. Hernando,co.in riorida,S. central part. Area, 800 sq. mis. Pop., 2,938 ; in 1860, 1,200. The sur- face is generally level ; the soil sandy. With- lockoocliee R. bounds the co. E. and N. It borders on the Gulf of Mexico, on the W. Lake Trati Apopka is in the N. E. part, and a few small lakes m the S. E. part. JirookviUe is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Rye, 3 bush.; oats, 1.627 bush.; Indian-corn, 41,354 bush.; Irish pot's, 15 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,680 bush.; cotton, 102 bales; rice, 34,682 lbs.; butter, 6,872 lbs. Cash value of farms, $210,250. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions,inclnding additions to stock, etc., $500,.55 4. ^Hernando, ii. v. and the co. seat of De Soto CO., Miss., on the Mississippi & Tennessee R. R.. 37 mis. N. of Panola. Pop., 730. One news- paper. Hcrndon, p. o. in Greene co.. Ark. Hermdon, p. v. in Burke co., Ga., on the Georgia Central R. R. and on the Ogeechee R., 11 mis. W. of Millen. Herndon, p. o. in Saline CO., Mo. Herndon, p. v. in Northumberland co.. Pa., on the Sasciuehanna R., opposite Port Tre- verton and at the junction of the Northern Central R. R. with the Mahanoj-& ShaTuokiii R. R., 34 nils. N. of Ilarrisburg. Herndon, p. v. in Fairfax co., Va., on the Alexandria, Loudoun A Hampshire R. R., 23 mis. W. of Alexandria. Heron I,.ake, p. o. in .lacksonco., Minn. Herrieli, tn. in Bradford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,003. Herrick, p. o. in the above tn. Herrick, tn. in Susquehanna co., Pa. Pop., 950. Herrick Centre, p. v. in Susquehanna co., Pa., 2414 nils. N. W. of Nicholson. Herriclivillc, p. vtin Bradford co., Pa., ll]4 mis. N. of Wyalusing. Herriman, p. o. in Salt Lake co., Utah Ter. Herring', p. v. in Allen co.,Ohio, on the Pitts- burgh, Fort Wayne & Cnicago R. R., 8-% mis. E. of Lima. Herringsville, p. o. in Sampson co., N. C. Herrin's Prairie, p. o. in Williamson co., 111. Herriottsville, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Mersey, tn. in Osceola co., Mich. Pop., 286. *Hersey, p. v. and the co. seat of Osceola co., Midi., on t he Flint & Pere jNIarquettc R. R., 86 nils. N. W. of East Saginaw. It is pleasantly situated on the Muskegon R., which affords excellent water-power. Has a large lumber trade. One newspaper. Hersey, p. o. in Noble co.. Minn. Hersey%'ille, p. v. in Monroe co., Wis.,on the l^a Crosse Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., orals. W. of Sparta. Hersman's, p. o. in Brown co.. 111. Hertford, co. in N. C, N. E. part. Area, 300 sq. nils. Pop.. 9,273; in 1860, 9,504. The sur- face is level ; the soil is generally fertile. The Chowan R. torms the E. boundarj'. The N. part is intersected by Meherrin R. and the S. part by Wickaeoii R. Wintoii is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, .5,430 busli.; Indian-corn, 189,079 bush.; oats, 13,857 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,392 bush.; sweet pot's, 49,807 bush.; cotton, 2,686 bales; butter, 9,896 lbs.; hay, 711 tons. Cash value of farms, $730,355. HERTFORD. 401 HICKORY HILL. Total, estimated, value of all farm procluc- tions, iiicluiling additions to stock, etc., $962,- 3-''2. Vtilue of manufactures, $78,697. Hertford, p. v. and the co. seat of Perquimons CO., N. C, on the Perquimons R., 64 mis. E. S. K. of \yeldon. Herzhorn, p. o. in Renville co., Minn. Heshbon, p. o. in Indiana co., Pa. Hesper, tn. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 1,0U. Kesper, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. of Dekorah. Jf esper, p. o. in Douglas co., K.ans. Itesperia, p. v. in Newavgo co., Mich., on the White R., 26 mis. N. E. o"f Whitehall. Hesperian, p. v. in Webster co., Iowa, 13 mis. from l"'ort Dodge. Hess Road, p. v. in Niagara co., K. Y., 11 mis. N. of Rockport. HessviUe, p. o. in Sumner CO., Kans. Hessville, p. v in Harrison co., W. Va. Hester, p. o. in Marion co , Mo. Hester Mills, p. o. in Meigs co., Tenn. Hester's Store, p. o. in Person co., N. C. Hetli, tn. in Harrison co., Ind. Pop., 1,615. Hctli, p. o. in Douglas co., Mo. Hctricks, p. o. in York co., Pa. Hetslersville, p. o. in Darke co., Ohio. Heuvelton, p. v. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg R. R., 7\4 mis. S. E. of Ogdensburg. Hewettsville, p. o. in Clarke co.. Wis. Hewlett's, p. v. in Hanover co., Va., on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 34 mis. from Rich- mond. Hey worth, p. o. in McLean co., 111., on tlie Illinois Central R. R., 11 mis. S. of Blooming- ton. Pop., 300. Hiattville, p. o. in Bourbon co., Kans. Hiawassee, p. v. and the co. seat of Towns CO., Ga., 39 mis. W. of Walhalla, S. C. Hiawassee River, a tributary of the Ten- nessee R.; rises in Town co., Ga., intersects Clay and Cherokee cos., N. C, then flows through Polk co., Tenn.; forms the boundary batwcen McMinn and Bradley cos., and joins the Tennessee in Meigs co. *Hiawatba, p. v. and the co. seat of Brown co., Kans., on tlie St. Joseph & Denver City R. R., 42 mis. from Ellwood. In the midst of an agri- cultural and stock-raising region. One news- paper. Hibbard, p. o. in Xobles co., Minn. Hibbetts, p. o. in Carroll co., Ohio. Hibbsville, p. o. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Hibernia, p. o. in Clay co., Fla. Hiberiiia, v. in Clark co., Ind., 9 mis. from Clai-kstown. '^Hibernia, p. v. in Morris co., N. J., 4 mis. by railroad N. of Rockaway. Hibernia, p. o. in Dutchess co., K. Y. Hickman, tn. in Scott co., Ark. Pop., 1,310. Hickman, co. in Kj'., AV. part. Area, 255 sq. mis. Pop., 8,453 ; in 18G0, 7,008. The surface is generally level and the soil good. The Missis- sippi R. separates the co. from Mo. It is drained by the Bayou do Chien and other small creeks. Clinton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 48,190 bush.; rye, 220 bush.; Indian-corn, 350,SiJO bush.; oats, 6,005 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,047 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,380 bush.; tobacco, 570,287 lbs.; batter, 53,650 lbs.; bay, 293 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,178,430. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including addition-s to stock, etc., $14S,- 1^0. Value of manufactures, $105,225. *Hickman, p. v. and the co. seat of Fulton CO., Kv., on the Mississippi R. and the Nash- ville & Northwestern R. R., 14 mis. N. W. of Union City ; an important shipping point. One newspaper. Hickman, p. o. in Lancaster co., Nebr. Hickman, co. in Tenn., W. central part. Area, 35 J sq. mis. Pop., 7,856 ; in 1860, 9,312. The sur- face is rolling ; the soil is fertile. Much iron 26 ore is found in tlie hills. It is hitersected from E. to W. by Duck R., and by other streams, affording sufficient water-power. Centreville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 41,536 bush.; rye, 1,221 bush.; Indian- corn, 514,554 bush.; oats, 34,202 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,364 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,226 bush.; tobacco, 18,935 lbs.; butter, 12l,.558 lbs.; hay, 454 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,411,409. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $975,199. Value of manufactures, $184,060. Hickman Mills, p. v. in Jackson co., Mo., near Kansas City. Hickmans, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. Hickory, tn. in Carroll co.. Ark. Pop., 60C. Hickory, tn. in Cass CO., 111. Pop., 315. Hickory, tn. in Coles co., 111. Pop., 1,402. Hickory, p. o. in Lake CO., 111. Hickory, tn. in Schuyler co.. 111. Pop., 557. Hickory, p. v. in Van Buren co., Iowa, on the Des Moines R. and the Des Moines Valley R. R., 10 mis. N. W. of Kilbourn. The station la called Independent. Hickory, p. v. in Newton co., Miss., on the Vlcksburg & Meridian R. R., 23 mis. W. of Meridian. Pop., 15.5. Hickory, co. in Mo., S. W. central part. Pop., 6,452 ; in 1860, 4,705. Pomme ^ mle. S. of'West Point. Highland Grove, p. o. in Jones co., iowa. Highland Grove, p. o. in Creenviile district, s. (;. H ighland I>aB% mis. N. E. of Bordentown ; branch railroads extend to Peml)eiton and Mt. Holly. One newspaper. High Up, p. o. in Hardin eo., Ky. liigh Valley, p. o. in Lake co.,'Cal. High View, p. o. in Frederick co., Va. Highville, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. High Wassie, tn. in Pulaski co., Va. Pop.. I,s97. Highwood, p. o. in Lalce co.. 111. High Woods, p. o. Ulster co., N. Y. Hika, p. V. in Manitowoc co.. Wis., on the coast of Lake Michigan, 12 mis. N. of Sheboy- gan. Hiko, p. V. in Lincoln co., Nov., 212 mis. S. of Elko on the Central Pacific li. R. Pop., 54. Milburn, tn. in Madison co.. Ark. Pop., 424. Hill, p. o. in Fayette co., Ala. SSill, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 620. Hill, p. V. in the above In., on the Northern R. R., 6 nils. S. of Bristol. Hill, p. V. in Mercer co., Pa., 7 mis. VV. of Mer- cer. Hill, CO. in Tex., central part. Area, 525 sq. mis. Pop., 7,453 ; in 1860, 3,653. The surface is undulating; the soil fertile. The co. is drained by affluents of tlie Brazos R. and Trinity R. Hillsborough is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,743 bush.; Indian-corn, 295,668 hush.; oats, 475 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,750 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,301 bush.; cotton, 3,407 bales ; butter, 76,818 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,030,- 420. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc, $551,562. Value of manufactures, $J4,600. Hillabec, p. o. in Clay co., Ala. £IiH Chnreh, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. Miliegass, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., 9 nils, from Sehwenk's Store. Hillcrcnan, v. in Massac co.. 111., on the Ohio 11., 7 mis. below Metropolis. Blill Grove, p. o. in iMoade co., Ky. Mill Grove, p. v. in Darke co., Ohio, on the Dayton & ^nion R. R., 2 mis. E. of Union City. Hiii Grove, p. v. in Pittsylvania co., Vu., 25 mis. S. of Lynchburg. Hiliham, p. o. m Uaboisco., Ind. Hiilhuu bush.; Indian- corn, 1U3,801 bush.; Irish pot's, 349,ii92 bush.; butter, 718,091) lbs.; hay, (iS,0S9 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,073,3;).5. Total, estiidated, value ot all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,102, lOS. Principal products of iudustrj' : Cotton goods, $10,075,3+2 ; wool- len goods, $931,901; worsted goods, $1,447,422 ; vriutiug of cotton and wooUen goods, $2,49l>,- 923; engines, and boilers, $1,113,500; fire en- gines, $800,000 ; sawed lumber, $588,(;37 ; and flour and meal, $322,190. Total value of manu- factures, $25,330,011. • ♦Hillsborough, p. v. and the co. seat of Highland co., Ohio, on a branch of the Ma- rietta & (jiiieinnati R. R., 20 nils. E. by S. of Blancliester and 03 nds. E. bj' N. of Cincin- nati. It is surrounded by an exceedingly fertile agricultural tlistrict'anil has coiisidev- uble local commerce. It contains a female seminary and a union school. Pop., 2,818 ; in 1800, 2,171. Three newspapers. Hillsborough, p. v. and the co. seat of Washington Co., Oreg., 17 mis W. of Portland. ICillsborough, p. o. in Coll'ee co., Toiin. Hilli^borough, p. v. aiul the co. seat of Hill CO., Tex., on the HicKory Fork of the Brazoa R., 32 mis. N. of Waco. One newspaper. Hillsborough, p. v. in Loudoun co., Va., 10 mis. S. E. of Harper's Eerry, W. Va. Pop., 210. Hillsborough, tn. in Vernon co., Wis. Pop., 985. ♦Hillsborough, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. AV. of Woncwoc. Hillsborough Bridge, p. v. in Hillsborough CO., N. 11., 2.") mis. W. of Concord. Hillsborough Center, p. v. in Hillsborough CO., N. 11., 3 mis. N. W. of Hillsborough Bridge; is the terminus of the Contoocook River R. R. and is largely engaged in the lumber trade. One news))ai)fr. Hillsborou^'Ii Upper Village, p. o. in lIillsl)i)rougn CO., M. ll. Hlli>-,d»lc, p. o. in Rock Island CO., 111. Ilillsduie, p. o. in \'ermillion co., Ind. Hill^tdaSe, p. o. in iSIills co., Iowa. llill.Hdalc, p. V. in Miami co., Kans., on the Mi.ssonri R., Fort Scott &, Gulf R. R. Slillsdale, p. o. in Bracken co., Ky. Hillsdale, eo. in Mich. S. part. Area, 575 sq. nils. Pop., 31,084 ; in IS'iO, 25,075. The surface consists of prairie land amltiie soil is rich. St. Joseph R. and Palmer R. intersect the CO. The Mieliigan Southern R. R. passes through the central part from E. to W. Hills- dale is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, .'')31,833 bush.; rye, 4,7i:3 bush.; Indian- corn, 879,032 bush.; oats, 271,732 bush.; Irish liot's, 294,304 bush.; wool, 3b'5,Ujl lbs.; butter, 800,352 lbs.; hay, 43,807 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,938,430. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,920,903. Value of manufactures, $1,0.S4,227. Hillsdale, tn. in the above co. Pop., 4,070. ♦Hillsdale, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the St. Joseph R. and at the junction of the Miclngan Southern Mith the Hillsdale & Detroit R. R., 33 mis. W. of Adrian. It has considerable local commerce. Pop., 3,518; in 1800, 2,177. Three newspapers. Hillsdale, tn. in Winona eo., Slinn. Pop., 417. liillsdale, p. o. in Nemaha eo., Nebr. Hillsdale, p. o. in Bergen CO., N. J. Hillsdale, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 2,0 s;j. Hillsdale, p. v. in the above tn., on the Har- lem R. R., 58 nils. N. of Croton Falls. Hillsdale, p. o. in Guilford co., N. C. Hillsdale, p. v. in Indiana co., Pa., 20J^ mis. N. K. oi inttiana. Hillsdale, p. o. in Kane co., Utah. Hillseiid, p. o. in Carroll co., Ind. Hills Factory, p. o. in Spartauburgh CO., S. C. Hill's I'erry, p. o. in Stanislaus co., Cal. Hill's ll-'orU, p. o. in Adams co., Ohio. Hill's throve, tn. in Sullivan co., Pa. Pop., 249. Hill's Grove, p. V. in the above tn., on Loyal- souk Cr., 2,i mis. W. of Laporte. Hill's . Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,155,242. Value of wianufactures, !{;39'.),757. Hocking, p. o. in Athens CO., Ohio. Hocking, tn. in Fairtield co., Ohio. Pop., ti,7:;(). Hockingport, p. v. in Athens co., Ohio, at the entrance of the Hocking R. into the Ohio R., 23 mis. S. E. of Athens. Hocking River, a tributary of the Ohio R. in Oliio ; rises in Fairfleld co., passes through Hocking and Athens cos. and empties near Hockingport. Hockley, p. v. in Harris co., Tex., on the Houston & Texas Central R. R., 35 mis N. W. of Houston. Hodgdon, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop., 989. Hodgdon, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. of Houlton. Hodgdon's mills, p. v. in Lincoln co.. Me., 17 mis. from Wiscasset. Hodgensville, p. v. and the co. sent of La Rue CO., Ky., 8 nils. S. W. of New Haven, 47 mis. W. of Newberrv Court House and 10 mis. N. W. of Abbeville. ■ Hodges, p. V. of Cokesbury, in Abbeville dis- trict, S. C, at the junction of the Abbeville lUanch R. R. with the main line of the Green- ville & Columbia R. R., 93 mis. from Columbia. Pop., 700. Holhnan's Ferry, p. v. in Schenectady co., N. Y., on the Mohawk R. and the New York Central R. R., 9>^ mis. N. W. of Schenectady. Hogan, tn. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 949. Hogan Mountain, p. o. in Iron co., Mo. Hogansburgli, p. v. in Franklin co., N. Y., on the St. Regis R., 14}^ mis. N. of North Law- rence. ♦Hoganville, p. v. in Troup co., Ga., on tlie Atlanta & West Point R. R., 14 mis. S. W. of Newman and 13 mis. N. E. of La Grange, the CO. seat. Hogansville, v. in Dubuque co., Iowa, 15 mis. W. S. W. of Duliuque. Hogarth's lianding, p. o. in St. John co., Fla. Hog Branch, p. o. in St. Helena co., La. Hog Creek, p. o. in Allen co., Ohio. Hoge, p. V. in Leavenworth co., Kans., on the Leavenworth Ui'anch of the Kansas Pacific R. R. The p. o. is Summit. Hogestown, p. V. in Cumberland CO., Pa., 2 mis. N. W. of Mechanicsburgh. Hoggs Falls, p. o. in Ohio co., Ky. Hog Isle, tn. in. Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 6. Hog I<*Iand, p. o. in Surry co., Va. Hog Mountain, p. o. in Hall co., Ga. Hohcnlinden, p. o. in Chickasaw co.. Miss. Hohokus, tn. in Bergen co., N. J. Pop., 2,632. Hohokus, p. V. in the above tn., on the Erie R. 11., 7 mis. N. of Paterson. Hokah, tn. in Houston co., Minn. Pop., 1,038. Hokah, p. V. in the above tn., on the Southern Minnesota R. B., 6 mis. S. W. of La Crosse, Wis. Pop., 525. Uokcndauqna, p. v. in lycliigh co., Pa., on the Lehigh R. and the Lehigh Valley R. R., 5 mis. N N. \V. of Allentown. Hokos Bluff, p. o. in Etowah co., Ala. Holaday's, p. o. in Adair co., Iowa. Holbrook, p. o. in Norfolk co., Mass. Holbrook, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y"., on tho Long Island R. R., 50 mis. E. of Brooklyn. Holbrook, ]). o. in Greene co.. Pa. Holbrook, p. o. in Ritchie co., W. Va. Holconibe, p. v. in Burke co., Ga., on the Cen- tral Georgia R. R., 21 mis. W. of Milieu. It is near Sebastopol Station. Holcoinbe, new co. in Minn., W. part. Area, 972 sq. mis. It is intersected and drained by the Red R. of the North, which here receives numerous small tributaries. The surface i.s rolling, and lakes of various dimensicus are found in nearly all parts of the co. Holconib's, T-n. in Dunklin CO., Mo. Pep.. 608. Holcomb's Rock, p. o. in Bedford co., Va. Holden, p. o. in Butler co., Kans. Holdcn, tn. in Penobscot CO., Me. Pop., 758. Holden, p. o. in the above tn. Holden, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 2.0'r.!. Holden, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. N» of Wor- cester. It has cotton manufactories. Holden, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 1,19:). Moldcn, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. E. of Faribault. •^Holden, p. V. in Johnson co.. Mo., on the Missouri Pacific R. R., at its intersection with the Osage, Division of the Missouri, Ivan.sas & Texas R:R.,14mls. W. of Warrensburgh. Pop., l,57(i. Two newspapers. Holden, p. o. in INIillard co., UtahTcr. Holder, p. o. in McLean co.. III. Holderness, tn. in Grafton co.,N. 11. Pop., 793. Holderness, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. Holding's Ford, p. o. in Stearns co., Minn. Holiday's Cove, p. v. in Hancock co.. VV. Va., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis B. R . 4 mis, E. of Stenbenville, Ohio. Holland, tn. in Shelby co.. III. Pop., 1,352. Holland, p. o. in the above tu. Holland, p. v. in Dubois CO., Ind., 15 mis. S. S. W. of Jasper. Holland, p. o. in Dickinson co., Kans. Holland, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 314. Holland, p. o. in the above tn. Holland, tn. in Ottawa co., Mich. Pop., 4,(172. ^Holland, city in the above tn., on tlie Chica- go & Michigan Lake Shore R. R., 20J,^ mis. S. of Grand Haven. Has an active trade in the cereals, fruit and lumber. Pop., 2,319. Five newspapers. Holland, p. o. in Lancaster co., Nebr. Holland, p. o. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Holland, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 1,451. ^'Holland, p. v. in the above tn., 27^ mis. S. E. of Burt'alo. Holland, p. v. in Lucas co., Ohio, on tlie Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., \)'}i mis. W. of Toledo. Holland, p. o. in Bucks co.. Pa. Holland, tn. in Orleans Co., Vt. Pop., 881. Holland, p. o. in the above tn. Holland, tn. in Brown co.. Wis. Pop., 1,279. Holland, p. o. in the above tn. Holland, tn. in La Crosse CO., Wis. Pop., 819. Holland, tn. in Sheboygan CO., Wis. Pop., 2,704. Holland Patent, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Utica & Black River R. R., 12 mis. N. of Utioa. Pop., 320. Hollands, p. o. in Issaquena co.. Miss. Hollaudsburg, v. in Darke co., Ohio. lop., 239. Hollandsbnrg, v. iii Parke co., Ind., 9 lals. from Rockvillti. Holland's Store, p. o. in Anderson district, s. c. Hollcnback, tn. in Luzerne CO., Fa. Fop., 1.303. HOLLENBEEG. 407 HOLT. Hollenberg, p. o. in ■Washington co., Kans. Hollcy, p. V. in Orleans co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal un.l Xew Yorlc Central R. R.,i%mls. W. of ISrockport. One newspaper. Holliclay, p. o. in Fayette co., 111. Uolliday, 11. o. in 3Ionroe co.. Mo. *Holli. o. in Sullivan co., Tenn. Holt, tn. in Taylor co., Iowa. Pop., 356. Holt, p. o. in tlie above tn. Holt, p. V. in Ingham co,, Mich., 5 mis. by rail- road N. W. of Mason. Holt, tn. in Fillmore co., Minn. Pop., 784. Holt, CO. in Mo., N. W. part. Pop., 11,652 ; in 18G0, 6,550. This co. occupies the angle be- tween the Missouri and Nodaway Its., which HOLT. 408 HONEY CREEK. form a junction at its soutli-eastern corner, and is dmined by tlie W. Tarkes R., which intei-sjccts it from N. to S. Tlie surface is uiululatiiig and about equally dividoil be- tween prairie and forest. Tlio bottom along the Missouri is very rich and deep, and the remainder of the co. is also highly productive. The Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Ulutls ]i. R. intersects the co. Oregon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 71,4-1 bush.; rye, 3,915 bush.; Indian-corn. l.'Jll,iiM bush.; uats, 91,99i bush.; Irish pot's, 01,40-2 bush.; sweet pot's, .551 bush.; butter, lii5,100 lbs.; hay, 349 tons. Cash value of farms, $.'5,654,279. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,0S4,745. Vaiue of manutactures, $549,970. Holt, p. o. in Clay co.. Mo. Holt, p. o. in Wood co., Ohio. Holt, p. o. in Beaver co.. Pa. Ilolton, p. V. in Ripley co., Ind., on the Ohio & JMississippi R. R., 35 mis. W. of Aurora. Hoi ton, tn. in Jackson eo., ivansas. Pop., 420. *Holtoii, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on tlie ivansas Central R. R., 10 mis. S. of Netawaka. Two newsjiapers. Uoltoii, p. o. in Muskegon co., Mich. Holt's t."orners, p. o. in Marshall co., Tenn. UoEfs Mills, p. o. in Penobscot co., Me. Holt's SSuiuinit, p. o. in Callaway co., Mo. Holtsvillc, p. o. in bulfolk co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 52 mis. E. of Brooklyn. Holy Cross, p. o. in Clay co., Minn. Holy Cross, p. o. in Ozaukee co.. Wis. Holy JVecli, p. o. in Nansemoml co., Va. Uolyokc, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 10.733. *Holyoke, city in the above tn., on the Connec- ticut R. and the Connecticut River li. R., 8 mis. M". of iSpringlieUl ; is the eastern terminus of the Ilolyoke Branch of the New Haven & Northampton R. R. It has the greatest water- power in Mass., and numerous paper mills and other manufacturing estaljlishments. One newspaper. Pop., about 11,000. Hoinanville, p. o. in Utah co., Utah Ter. Home, p. o. in Wayne co., ill. Home, p. V. in Jetforson co., Ind., 11 mis. E. of Madison. Home, p. o. in Van Burcn co., Iowa. Home, 111. in Nenialia CO., Kans. Pop., 719. Home, tn. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 173. Home, p. o. in Newaygo co., Mich. Home, tn. in Brown eo., Minn. Pop., 779. Home p. o. in tlie above tn. Home, p. o. in Indian.a co., Pa., 10)4 mis. E. of Indiana. The v. is KcUj'sburg. Home, p. V. in Greene co., Teiiji., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Crcorgia R. 11. The station is llcnderson's. Home, p. o. in Trempealeau CO., Wis. Home City, v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, on the Ohio i;., 10 nils, below Cincinnati. Homeland, p. o. in Culpepper co., Va. Home i*lace, p. o. in Puuiuemines parish. La, Homer, p. v. and the co. ^icat of Banks co., Ca., 30 nils. N. ot Athens. Pop., 120. *Homer,^p. V. ill Chaniiiaign co.. 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. 11., 18 mis. E. S. E. of Danville. Pop., 7(J7. Homer, tn. in VA'^ill co.. 111. Pop., 1,279. Homer, p. v. in Rush co., Ind., on the Jefferson, Madist)u & Indianapolis R. R., 8 mis. W. by S. of Rushville. Homer, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., ,5S1. Homer, p. v. in Hamilton CO., Iowa, 9 mis. from Webster City. Homer, tn. in Benton CO., Iowa. Pop., ,507. Homer, p. v. and the co. seat of Claiborne parish, La., near Bayou do Arbonee and 45 nils. N. E. of Slireveport ; a cotton center. Pop., t<0. Two newspapers. Homer, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 1,.575. *Hoiaer, p. v. in the above tn., on the Michi- gan Air Line R. K., at its intersection witli the Lansing Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 22 mis. W. S. W. Of .Jackson. Pop., 6s,5. One newspaper. Homer, tn. in INIidland co., Mich. Pop., 247. Homer, tn. in Winona co , Minn. Pop., 837. Homer, p. v. in the above tn., on the Missis- sippi R., 6 nils, below Winona. Homer, p. o. in Atchison co.. Mo. Homer, tn. in Cortland co., N. Y. Pop., 3,81.1, *Homer,p. v. in theabove tn., on the .Syracuse it Binghamton R. R., i^ mis. from Cortland Village. Has manufactories. Pop., 2,003. One new.spaper. Homer, p. v. in Licking co., Oliio, 4 mis, W. ol Ulica. Pop.,22'J. Homer, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop., SS.". Homer, tn. in Morgan co., Ohio. Pop., I,(i'j0, Homer, tn. in Potter co., Pa. Pop., 100. Homer, p. v. and the co. seat of Angelina co., Tex., 92 mis. N. N. W. of Beaumont. Ilomerville, p. v. and the co. seat of Clinch CO., Ca., on the Atlantic & Gulf R. R., 20 mis, S. W. ot Butler King. Homerville, p. v. in Medina co., Ohio, 4 mis. N. of West Salem. " Jlomestead. p. v. in Iowa co., Iowa, on the Chicago, i:ock Island & Pacific R. R., 22 mis. ^V. by N. of Iowa City. Homestead, tn. in Benzie co.,]\Iich. Pop.,lG3. Homestead, p. v. in the above tn.,13^ mis. E. of Fiankff)rt, the co. seat. Homestead, p. o. in Burt co., Nebr. Homestead, p. o. in Hudson co., N. J. HoniiCt's Ferry, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Homewood, p. v. in Cook eo.. 111., on the Illi- nois Coutrul R. R., 28'.^ mis. S. of Chicago. Homewood, p. o. in Scott co.. Miss. Homenood, p. v. in Beaver co.. Pa., on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., S\4 mis. N. of Beaver. Homewood, p. o. in Monroe co., Wis. Honicwortli, p. v. in Columbiana co , Ohio. Hoininy Creeli, v. in Buncombe co., N. C, 32 mis. W. N. W. of Rutherfordton. Homowack, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., onRon- dout Cr. and the Delaware & Hudson Canal, 32 mis. S. W. of Kingston. Honcnt, p. o. in Yuba co., Cal. Honcut Creek, a tributary of Feather R. in Cal.; rises in the Sierra Nevada, and forms the boundary between Butte and i'ubacos. It empties near the v. of Honcut. Honea Path, p. v. in Anderson district, S. C, on the Greenville & Columbia R. R., 15 mis. N, W. of Cokesbury. Honek, p. o. in Saline co., Kans., at Bavaria Station on the Kansas Pacilic R. R., 9 mis. W. S. W. of Saline. *Honeoye, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y„ at tho N.end of Honeoyo Lake, 014 'i^is. E, of Livo- nia Station. Honeoyc Falls, p. v. in Monroe co., N. Y., on the Canandaigua Branch of the New York Central K. K., 1^;'^ mis. W. of Canandaigua. A manufacturing place. I'op., 921. One news- paper. Honeoyc take, in the S. W. part of On- tario CO., N. v.; is drained by iloiieoye Cr., au affluent of the Genesee R, It covers au area of about i]/, sq. mis. ■'Honesdalc, p. bor. and co. seat of Wayno CO., Pa.,at the entrance of Dy berry Cr. into'the Lackawaxen R. and on the Honesdale Branch of the Erie R. R , 25 mis, N.W. of Lacka waxen. It has numerous manufactories, and largo quantities of coal are shipped by the Dela- ware & Hudson Canal, which terminates here, to New York and Albany. Pop., 2,054. One newspaper. Honey, p. o. in Mercer co.. Mo. Honey Urook, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,957. Honey Brook, p. o. in the above tn. Honey Creek, tn, in Adams co,, 111. Pop^ 1,495. HONEY CREEK. 409 HOPEWELL. Honey Creels, tn. in Crawford co., 111. Pop., 1,868. Honey Creek, p. o. in Henry co., Ind. Honey CreeU, tn. in Howard co., Ind. Pop.,732. Honey Creek, tn in Vigo co., Ind. Pop., 1,519. Honey Creek, tn. in White co., Ind. Pop., Gil. Honey Creek, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. uPop., 1,088. ^[oney Creek, p. o. in Pottawattamie co., Iowa. Honey Creek, tn. in Iowa co., Iowa. Pop., 1,081. Honey Creek, tn.inSanlc CO., Wis. Pop., 1,180. Honey Creek, p. v. in 'Walwortli co., Wis., 7 rals. N by W. of Burlington. Honey Farm, p. o. in lioone co., W. Va. Honey Ctrove, p. o. in Juniata co.. Pa. Honey Grove, p. v. in Fannin co., Tex., 17 mis. K. of Bonham. Honoraville, p. o. in Crenshaw co., Ala. Hood, CO. in Tex. N. central part. Area about 400 S(^. mis. Pop., 2, .'18.5. It is intersected and drain-id by the Brazos 11. The surface consists of rcilllng prairies ; the soil is productive. Gran'mry is the co. 'seat. Agr. productions in 1870: iVheat, l,7Ubnsh.; rye, 50 bush.; Indian- corn, i92,510bvish.; oats, 2,715 bnsh.; Irish pot's, 3,-179 1 Qsh.; sweet pot's, 11,352 bush.; cotton, 779 balea, butter, 45,1.55 lbs.; hay, 213 tons. Cash value of farms, $174,100. Total, estimated, valuft of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $279,701. Value of manu- factures, $20,200. Hooii River, p. o. in Wasco co., Oreg. Hoo"l's Fork, p. o. in Johnson co., Ky. Hood's J>anding-, p. o. in Iloane co., Tcnn. Hoo(C*!S Mills, p. V. in Carroll co., Md., 1 mie. from Gaither's Sidinar. Hoodsville, p. o. in Monongalia co., W. Va. Hoodville, p. o. in Hamilton co.. 111. Hooker, p. o. in Van Buren co., Mich. Hooker, tn. in Laclede co.. Mo. Pop., 1,114. Hooker, p. o. in Gage co., Nebr. Hooker, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. Hooker, p. o. in Trempealeau co., Wis. Hookers Station, p. o. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Hookersville, p. o. in Nicholas co., W. Va. Hookerton, p. v. in Greene co., N. C, 20 mis. from Kinston. Pop., KiS. Hookset, tn. in Merrimack co., K. H. Pop., 1,330. Hookset, p. V. in the above tn., on the Mcrri- mac R. and on the Concord K. II., 9 mis. from Majichester. Hook's Point, p. v. in Hamilton co., Iowa, 13 mis. from Webster City. Hookstown, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Hookstown, p. v. in Beaver Co., Pa., 4 mis. S. of Georgetown. Pop., 259. Hooktown, p. o. in Nicholas co., Ky. Hoopa "Valley, p. v. in Klamath co., Cal., 24 mis. S. of Orleans. Hooper, p. o. in Dodge co., Nebr. Hooper, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., on the Erie 11. 11. and the Chenango R., 6 mis. W. of Bing- hamton. Hooper, p. o. in Weber co., Utah Tor. Hooper's Valley, p. v. in Tioga co., N. Y., on the Chenango R. and Canal, 10 mis. S. W. of Owcgo. ^Hooperston, p. v. in Vermillion co.. 111., at the intersection of the Toledo, Wabash * Western R. R. with the Chicago, Danville & Vincennes R. R. Pop. about 50. Hoopersville, p. o. in Dorchester CO., Md. Hooppole, p. o. in Ross co., Ohio. Hoosac Tunnel, p. v. in Berkshire co., M.ass., on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 86 mis. W. of Fitchburg. The railroad tunnel passes under the Hoosac Mts. It is, next to the Mont Cenls Tunnel, the longest In the world. It was begun In 185.5, and when com- pleted will cost over $9,000,000. Hoosick, tn. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Pop., 5,728. Hoosick, p. V. in Rensselaer co.,N. Y., SJ,^ mis. S. of Hoosick Falls. *Hoosiek Falls, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y.. on the Troy & Boston B. R., 271^ mis. N. E. of Troy. Hoosick Monntains, or Hoosack Monn- tains, in Berkshire co., Mass., a southern prolongation of the Green Mts. of Vt. Hoosick River, or Hoosack River, rises in Berkshire co., M;ls,«., flows N. "W.; Intersects Rensselaer and Washington cos., N. Y.. and empties into the Hudson R. 15 mis. N. of Troy. Hoosier Prairie, tn. in Clay co.. 111. Pop., 1,179. -^ Hoover Hill, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. Hoover's, p. o. in Beaufort distri. t, S. C. Hooversbiirjfh, p. o. in Miami co., Ind. Hooversville, p. v. in Howard co., Md., on the Baltimore & Washington R. R., 2I4 mis. N. AV. of Annapolis .Junction. Hopatcong, p. v. in Morris co., N. J., 5 nils. from Drakeville. Hop Bottom, p. V. in Susquehanna co.. Pa , on the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 14 mis. S. of New Milford. Hope, p. o. in Vermillion co.. 111. Hope, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,437. *Hope, p. V. in Bartholomew co., Ind., 11 mis. N. E. of Columbus. Pop., 618. Mope, p. o. in Dickinson co., Kans. Hope, tn. in Knox co.. Me. Pop., 907. Hope, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. W. of Camden. Hope, tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop., 1,143. Hope, p. o. in Midland co., Mich. Hope, tn. in Warren co., N. J. Pop., 1,.543. Hope, p. V. in the above tn., 10>^ mis. N. W. of Hackettstown. Hope, tn. in Hamilton co., N. Y. Pop., 698. Hope, p. V. in Franklin co., Ohio, 14 mis. N. E. of Columbus. Hope, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Hope, p. V. in Providence co., R. I., 10 mis. S. W. ol Providence. Hope, p. o. in Lavaca co., Tex. Hope Cbnrcb, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Hopedale, tn. in Tazewell co.. 111. Pop., 1,095. Hopedale, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. by railroad N. L. of Delavan. Hopedale, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., 154 mis. S. W. of Milford. Hopedale, p. v. in Harrison co., Ohio, 4 mis. S. K. of aieans. Pop., 350. Hope Falls, p. o. in Hamilton co., N. Y. Hopeffleld, tn. in Crittenden co.. Ark. Pop., 167. Hopelield, p. o. in Crawford co., Kans. Hope Furnace, p. v. in Vinton co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati 11. R., 414 mis. N. E. of Zalcski. Hope Mills, p. o. in Page co., V^a. Hopetom, p. v. in Merced co., Cal., 32 mis. S. E. of Modesto. Hope Valley, p. v. in Washington co., K. I., 6 nils. N. W. of Shannock Mills. Hope Villa, p. o. in East Baton Rouge parish. La. Hopeville, p. v. in Clarke co., Iowa, 14 mis. S. W. of Osceola. Hopeville, p. o. in Grant co., W. Va. Hopewell, tn. in 3Iarshall co.. 111. Pop., 753. Hoii ewell, v. in Jennings co., ind., 5 nils, from Dupont. Hopewell, p. o. in Mahaska co., Iowa. Hope^vell, p. o. in Somerset co., Md. Hopewell, p. o. in Calhoun co.. Miss. Hopewell, tn. in Mercer co., N. J. Pop., 4,273. Hopewell, p. v. in tlie above tn., 7 mis. W. of Rocky Hill. Hopewell, tn. in Cumberland co., N. J. Pop.. 1,8,57. Hopewell, p. o. in Mccklcnbnrgh co., N. C. Hopewell, tn. in Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 1,833. Hopewell, p. V. in the above tn,, on the El- H0PET7ELL. 410 HORNTOWN. mlra, Jefferson & Canandaigua R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of Canandaigua. Hopewell, tu. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop., 1,763. Hopewell, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. W. of Zain'svillc. Pop., 75. Hopewell, tn. m Licking co.,.Ohio. Pop., 1,000. Hopewell, tn. in jNleicer co., Ohio. Pop., 894. Hopewell, tn. in Perry CO., Oliio. Pop., 1,2G0. Hopewell, tn. In Seneca co., Ohio. Pop., 1,370. Slopewell, tn. in I'.eaver co.. Pa. Pop., 1,01.5. Hopewell, tn. in Deilforcl co., Pa. Pop., 1,07^. JBopewell, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hunt- injidnn & Bioad Top R. R., 7 mis. S. of Saxton. J&ppewell, tn. In Iluntiugdon co.. Pa. Pop., Hopewell, tn. in Cumberland co., Pa. Pop., 1177. Hopewell, tn. in Washington co., Pa. Pop., 804. Hopewell, tn. in York co., Pa. Pop., 3,830. Hopewell, p. o. in York district, S. C. Hopewell Aeatlcmy, p. v. in Warren co.. Mo., hi nils, from New Haven. Hopewell Centre, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., .5 nils. E. of Cauantlaigua. Hopewell Centre, p. v. in York co., Pa., 21J^ mis. 8. K. of York. Hopewell Cotton 'Worlis, p. o. in Chester CO.. Pa. Hopewell Cross Roads, p. v. in Harford co., Md.. ay, uil^- N. W. of Havre de Grace. Hopewell Furnace, p. o. in VV^ashington co.. Mo. Hopewell Junction, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Hopewell Springs, p. o. in Monroe co., Tenn. Hoptielcl, p. o. in Crittenden co.. Ark. Hopkins, co. in Kv., W. central part. Area, 745 sq. mis. Pop., ■13,827 ; in 18(50, 11,875. The surface is rolling and the soil fertile. Stone- coal is found. Pond R. forms its E. bound- arv. Tlie Nashville & Kentucky R. R. inter- sects it from N. to S. Madisonville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: M^hcat, 'J.'),- 50(i bush.; rye, i)0 bush.; Indian-corn, 4b4,879 bush.; oats,' 48,240 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,424 bush.; sweet pot'.s, 10,fi4-2 bush.; tobacco, 3,- 012,053 lbs.; butter, 114,798 lbs.; hay, 810 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,052,974. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $775,797. Value of manufactures, .$'^2,210. Hopltins, tn. in Wliitesidcs co., 111. Pop.,l,43G. Hopkins, tn. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., 1,271. Hopkins, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. E. of Hopkins Station. Hopkins, p. o. in Tippah co.. Miss. Hopkins, p. o. in Nodaway co.. Mo. Hopkins, p. o. in Hennepin co., Minn. Hopkins, CO. in Tex., N. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 12,<;.51 ; in 1800, 7,745. Tlie surface is undulating ; the soil fertile. Tin; N. part is intersected from W. to E. by North and South Forks of Sulphur R., which is formed in the N. E. part l)y tlieir union. Sulphur Springs is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,469 bush.; rye, 34 bush.; Indian-corn, 310,ti7U bush.; oats, 5,"223 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,43iibush.; sweet pot's, 44,872 bush. ; cotton, 5,417 bales ; butter, 10S,88t lbs.; hay, 318 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,037,789. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $874,937. Value of manufactures, * 119.51)4. Hopkins' Grove, v. in Polkco., Iowa, 20 mis. N. N. W. of lies Moines. Hopkins' Mill, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Hopkins' $ bnsh.; rye, SSObusli.; Indian-corn, .3'o3,S'.)5 bush.; oats, 7,4o0 bush ; Irish pot's, 40 1jusii.; sweet pot's, 4(»,107 bush.; cotton, .3,810 bales ; butter, '.J7,.52U 11)S. Cash value of farms, ii-.',.530,.5jH. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm procluetious, including additions to stock, etc., $2,'250,743. Value of manufactures, $314,015. Houston, p. o. in Heard eo., Ga. Houston, tu. in Adams co.. III. Pop., 1,230. Houston, p. V. in .lackson co., Ind., 10 mis. N. W. of ISrownstown, the co. seat. Houston, p. o. iu Bourbon co., Ky. Hou«;ton, co. in Minn., S. E. part. Area, 5.50 sq. nds. Pop., 14,93J; in ISfiO, (i,64.5. The surface is level and the soil fertile. The Missis- sippi K. separates it on the E. from Wis. The CO. is drained by Rush Ur. and Hoot It. The Southern Minnesota 11. H. passes through it from E. to W. Caledonia is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, (ilo,bol bush.; rye, 073 bush.; ludian-corn, ■240,7()1 busli.; oats, 2-27,688 bush.; Irish pot's, 32,055 bush.: butter, 220.183 lbs.; hay, 14,776 tons. Casli value of farms, $2,705,140. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $064,512. Value of manufactures, $1,038,720. Houston, tn. in Houston co., Minn. Pop., 1.075. ♦Houston, p, V. in the above tn., on the South- ern Minnesota li. K., 19 mis. W. of La Cres- cent. Houston, p. V. and the co. seat of Chickasaw CO., Miss., 17 mis. S. W. of Okoloua. Pop., 400. One newspaper. Houston, p. V. and the co. seat of Texas co.. Mo., on Big PineyCr.,40mls. S. by W. of KoUa, tile CO. seat. One newspaper. Houston, p. V. iu Shelby co., Ohio, on the In- dianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Colum- bus & Cincinnati li. K., Oj^ mis. W. of Sidney. Pop., 56. Houston, p. o. ill Alleghany co.. Pa. Houston, new co. in Tenn., N. part. Area about 375 sq. mis. It is bounded on the W. by the Tennessee 11. and on the N. E. by the Cumberland II. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. Tlie co. was set oil from Stewart co. Erin is tlie eo. seat. Houston, CO. iu Tex., central part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 8,147; in 18o0, 8,0.58. The surface is composed of woodland anil the soil is liiglily productive, especially in the vicinity of Trini- ty U., whieli forms the W. boundary. It is bounded on the E. by Neches R. and "draiiietl l)y two tributaries of tlie same. Trinity R. bounds it on the W. Crockett is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 33,163 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,779 hush.; cotton, 920 bales; butter, 8,043 los. Cash vauu; of farms, $57,180. Total, estimateil, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $128,651. •Houston, city and the co. seat of Harris co., Tex., on Buffalo Bayou, the Texas & New Or- leans K. R., the Houston & Texas Central R. R., and the Galveston, Houston & iieudersou K. R., 50 mis. N. W. of Galveston and 91 mis. W. S. W. of Beaumont on the Neches R. Steamboats ascend the Bayou to this city, which thus enjoys great commercial facilities, and is the shipping port for the produce of the adjoining couutic^s, which includes cotton, corn, cane sugar, etc. It has several manufac- tories. Pop., 0,332 ; iu 1860, 4,845. Nine news- papers. Houston Station, p. o. in Kent CO., Del. Houston in, p. o. in Pettis co., Mo. Houston vi lie, p. o. in Champaign co., HI. Houstonvillc, p. o. iu Washington co., Pa. Houtzdiilc, p. V. iu Clearlield co.. Pa.. 5 nils. S. W. of Osceola Mills. Howard, tn. in Conway CO., Ark Pop., 74.5. Ho'ivard, p. o. In the altove tu. Howard, new co. in Dak. Ter., N. W. part; borders on Mont. Ter.: is boundeil on the N. by the Missouri 11. and intersected by the Little Missouri R. It consists chiefly of roll- ing prairies. Howard, p. v. iu Taylor co., Ga., on the South- western II. R., 10 mis. W. of Butler. Hoivard, eo. in Ind., central part. Area, 273 sq. mis. Pop., 15,850 ; in 1860, 12,524. The sur- face is nearly level and tlie soil uniformly rich. It is drained by Wild Cat Cr., a tribu- tary of the Wabash R. The Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R. intersects with the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. at Kokomo. the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 307,855 bush.; rye, 7,370 bush.; Indian-corn, ,356,401 bush.; oats, 34,031 bush.; Irish pot's, 37,()68 bush.; sweet pot's. 0;)4 bush.; butter, 121,777 lbs.; hay, 4,250 Ions. Cash value of farms, $3,880,797. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $891,829. Value of manufactures, $5o2,S72. Howard, tn, iu the above co. Pop., 1,707. Howard, tn. in Parke co., lud. Pop., 554. Howard, p. o. in tlie above tn. Howard, tn. in Washington co., Ind. Pop., 1,158. Howard, co. in Iowa, N. E. part. Area, 425. sq. mis. Pop., 6,282; in 1860, 3,186. The sur- face is prairie land, sloping to the S. E. The soil is not particularly fertile. It is bounded N. by. Minn. It is drained by Crane and other Crs. The N. E. part is intersected l.)y the Mil- waukee & Northeastern R. R. New Oregon is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 321,514 bush.; Indiau-corn, 12,024 bush.; oats, 263,2,58 bush.; Irish pot's, 30,713 bush.; wool, 5,1.53 lbs.; butter, 408,351 lbs.; hay, 14,880 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,100,075. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $j15,810. Value of man ufactu res, $sti,202. Howard, tn. iu Howard CO., Iowa. Pop., 204. Howard, tn. Story co., Iowa. Po]i., 968. Howard, tn. in Tama co., Iowa. Pop., 1,013. Howard, in. in Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 575. Howard, co. in Ivans., S. E. part. Ari^a, 475sq. mis. Pop., 2,704. The surface is rolling ; the soil rather barren. It is watered in the N. W. part by Elk R. and Suicide Cr. Peru is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 4,766 bush.; rye, 105 bush.; Indian-corn ,26,795 bush.; oats, 2,710 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,304busli.; sweet pot's, lO'J bush.; butter, 7,200 lbs.; haj', 150 tons. Cash value of farms, $01,880. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc.. $53,157. Howard, p. v. in the above co., 45 mis. from Austin. One newspaper. Howard, co. iu Md., central part. Area, 280 sq. nils. Pop., 14,150; in 1860, 13,;!33. It lies between tin; Patapsco and Patuxent Rs.; has a hilly surface anil a rich soil, and is intersect- ed by the Washington Branch of the Haiti more & Ohio R. R. Ellieott City is the co seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 128,- 376 bush.; rye, 11,200 bush.; Indian-corn, 415,- howahd. 413 HUCKLEBERRY. 719 biish.; oats, 204,877 bush.; Irish pot's, 97,929 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,489 bush.; butter, 189,646 lbs ; hay, 7,445 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,167,584. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,283,395. Value of manufactures, $1,057,- 612. Howard, v. in Muskegon co., Micli., at the mouth of the Muskegon 11., opposite Muske- gon. Ho^vai'd, IX V. in Wright CO., Minn., on the Milwaukee, St. Paul & Tacilic 11. K., 13 mis. W. of Delano. Howard, p. o. in Nemeha co., Kebr. Howard, in. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 1,171. Howard, CO. in Mo., N. central part. Area, 4.J2sq. mis. Pop., 17,233; in 1860, 15,946. Tlie Missouri R. washes its S. and S. W. border and receives Bonne Femme, Sulphur and Moniteau Crs. The surface is rolling and in some parts hilly. Timber is abundant and the prairies are not extensive. The soil is highly pro- ductive. Boone's Lick is tlie largest of the manj' saline springs of the co. Fayette is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : \Vheat, 400,- 410 bush.; rye, 8,0D3 bush.; Indian-corn, 917,335 bush.; oats, 152,490 bush.; Irish pot's, 42,422 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,747 bush.; tobacco, 788,132 lbs.; butter, 126,216 lbs.; hay, 3,85:i tons. Cash value of farms, $5,00(i,S25. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,400,936. Value of manu- factures, $209,860. Howard, tn. in Gentry co.. Mo. Pop., 1,310. Howard, new co. in Nebr., central part. Area, 576 sq. nds. The surface is undulating and consists of prairies ; the soil is productive, especially along the water-courses. The Loup Fork of the Kansas K. intersects the co. from W. to E. and receives witliin its limits the North Branch. Howard, p. o. in Warren co., N. J. Hoivard, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 2,122. Howard, p v. in the al:)Ove tn., 10 mis. E. of llornellsville. Poj)., 167. Howard, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 800. Hoivard, p. o. in the above tn. Howard, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop., 875. Howard, p. v. in the above tn., on Bald Eagle Cr. and Bald Eagle 11. K., 14 mis. S. AV. of I,ock Haven. Pop., 334. Howard, p. o. iu Bell co., Tex. Howard, tn. in Brown co.. Wis. Pop., 3,620. Howard Centre, tn. iu Howard co., Iowa. Pop., 2:14. Howard Centre, p. v. in the above tn.,5 mis. AV. of Cresco. Howard City, p. v. in Montcalm co., Mich., at the intersection of the Grand Uapids & In- diana 11. II. with the Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan K. K., 20 mis. from Greenville. It is engaged in manufacturing and shipping lum- ber. Pop. about 250. One newspaper. Howard's Grove, p. v. iu Sheboygan co., AVis., 7 mis. N. W. of Sheboygan. Howard's I^ick, p. o. iu Hardy co., AV. Va. Howard's Mills, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ky. Howard's Mills, p. o. in St. Clair co., Mo. Howard ISpriiig^s, p. o. in Cumberland co., leiui. Howards ville, p. v. in Jo Daviess co., 111.. 5 mis. W. of Lena on the Illinois Central 11. K. Howardsville, p. o. in Albemarle co., A'a. Howe, tn. in Forest co.. Pa. Pop., 78. Howe, tn. in Perry co., Pa. Pop., 410. Howe, p. o. in Brown co.. Wis. Howell, tu. in Livingston co., Mich. Pop., 2,563. *Howell, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, ou tne Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michi- gan R. R., 52 mis. AV. N. W. of Detroit. It is tlie center of a thriving trade. Tiiree news- papers. Howell, CO. iuMo., S. part., bordering on Ai'k. Area, 050 sq. mis. Pop., 4,218; in 1860, 3,169. The surface is broken and in some parts hilly. Kings Mt. in the N. E. portion of the CO. is one of the highest points and alfords a grand and extiMisive view over the surround- ing countrj-. Tlie soutliern part of co. is drained by the Spring R. and other afQuents of the Big Black R.: the northern part by affluents of the AVhito R. The soil is produc- tive. AA^est Plains is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 . AVheat, 15,356 bush.; rye, 160 bush.; Indian-corn, 115,728 busli.; oats', 8,454 bush.: Irish pot's, 3,4.56 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,000 bush.; tobacco, 9,906 lbs.; butter, 20,320 lbs.; hay, 21 tons. Cash value of farms, $363,950. Total, estimated, value of all far:a produc- tions, including additions to stoclc, etc., $167,- 229. Value of manufactures, $1,450. Howell, tn. In lloweli co.. Mo. Pop., 976. Howell, tn. in Monmouth co., N. J. Pop., 3.371. Howell's l>eipiot, p. v. in Oi-ango co., N. Y., on llie New York & Erie R. R., 4 mis. N. AA^ of Jllddletown. Howell ville, p. v. in Delaware co.,Pa., 5 mis. from Glen Ruldlo. Howell's Cross Roads, p. o. in Cherokee CO., Ahi. Howe's Cave, p. o. in Scholuuie co., N. Y. Hoive's Corners, p. o. in Waushara co., AVis. Howe's Mill, p. o. in Dent co., Mo. Howe's Valley, p. o. in Ilai-din co.,'Ky. Moivesville, ]). o. in Clay co., Ind. Howesville, p. o. in Preston co., W". A''a. Uowlaud, tn. iu Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 176. Howland, p o. in the above tn. Hoivland, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 664. Howland, p. o. in the above tn. Howies' Store, p. o. in Elmore co., Ala. Howlet Hill, p. o. iu Onondaga co., N. Y. Howlett, p. v. in Sangamon co., 111., on the Toledo, Waljash & Western R. R., 7 nils. E. of Springfield. HowtSi Station, p. o. in Austin co., Tex. Hoyleton, p. v. in Washington co., 111., 8 mis. N. W. of Ulchvlew. H<^ysvil!e, v. in Loudoun co., Va. Hoyt, p. o. in Jackson co., Kans. Hoyts Corners, p. o. in Wood co., Ohio. Hozaddale, p. v. in AVarren co., Ohio. Hnbbard, tn. in Trumbull CO., Ohio. Pop., 4.588. *Hul>bard, p. v. in the above tn., on Mahon- ing Branch of Atlantic & Great Western li. R. and iu the midst of a mineral region, 6 mis. N. E. of Youngstown. Pop., 1,126. One news- paper. Hubbard, p. o. in Marion co., Oreg. Hubbard, tn. in Dodge co., AVis. Pop., 3,008. Hubbardstou, tn. in AVorcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,654. Hubbardston, p. v. in the above tn., 20 ml?. N. AV. of AVorcester and 5 mis. S. of Gardiner. ^Hubbardston, p. v. in Ionia co., Midi., 7J^ mis. N. of Pewamo on the Detroit & Milwau- kee R. R. Has large lumber trade. One news- paper. Hubbardsville, p. v. in Madison co., N. Y., ou the Utlca, Chenango & Susquehanna II. R., 6 mis. S. S. AV. of WatervlUe. Hubbardton, tn. in Rutland co., A''t. Pop., 6JJ. Hubbardton, p. o. in the above tn. Hubble, in. iu Cape Girardeau co.. Mo. Pop., 1,68'.). Hubblcton, p. v. in Jefferson co., Wis., 9 mis. by railroad W. of AA'atertown. Hubelsvillc, p. o. iu Huntingdon co., Pa. Hubertville, p. o. in Robertson co.. Teen. Hublersburg^li, p. v. in Centre co., Pa.,3ml3. N. K of Bellefonte. Hubley, tu. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 517. Huclileberry, p. o. in Echolls co., Ga. HUDDLESTON. 414 HUGHESVILLE. nnddleston, p. o. in Pike co., Ark. HiKlson, 111. m McLean co., 111. Poi)., 1,392. HiKlson, p. V. in the above tn., on the Illinois CLMitral Jl. R., 7 mis. N. of Bloominston. Ilticlsoii, tn. in La Porte co., Infl. Pop., 63(5. Hudson, V. in above tn., 1 nile. from New Car- lisle. Hud.^oii, p. V. in Black Hawk co., Iowa, 1034 nils. N. W. of Cedar Valley. Hudson, tn. in Penobscot co., Mc. Pop., 739. Hudson, p. V. in the above tn., 17 mis. N. N. K. of Bangor. Hudson, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 3,8S9. ^Hudson, p. V. in the above tn., on the Marl- borough K. R., 8}4 mis. S. W. of South Acton. Engaged in the manufacture of shoes. One newspaper. nud<«on, tn. in Lenawee co., Midi. Pop., 4,094. ^Hudson, p. V. in the above tn., on the Michi- gan Southern R. R., 16}^ mis. W. of Adrian and on Tiffin R. It is a very prosperous busi- ness town, in a rich agricultural district. Pop., 2,450. Two newspapers. Hudson, tn. in Douglas co., Minn. Pop., 448. Hudson, p. o. in the above tn. Hudson, p. o. in Bates co., Bio. Hudson, tn. in Macon co., Mo. Pop., 1,37C. Hudson, tn. in Hillsborougli co., N. II. Pop., i,Oi;i;. Hudson, p. v. in the above tn., on the Merri- inac R., opposite Nashua, with which it is con- ned ed by a bridge. Hudson, CO. in N. J., N. E. part. Area about 44 sq. nils. Pop., 12!),0G7 ; in IStlO. 62,717. It is bounded on the S. by Newark B., the Kills and the Passaic R., wliieh alsoforms the west- ern boundary, while the eastern is washed by New York 15. and the Hudson R. The Hack- ensack R. flows througli the wide and produc- tive valley which occupies the center of the CO. Ill the E. and in the W. are ranges of trap rock. The numerous railroads which center at Jersey City intersect the co. Jer- sey City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 300 bush.; rye, 597 bush.; Indian- corn, 2,575 bush.; oats, 942 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,.534 bush ; butter, 950 lbs.; hay, 007 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,134,000. Total, estimated, value of all farm proiluctions, including ad- ditions to stock, et(\, $;>12,920. Principal pro- ducts of industry: Refined molasses and sugar, $10,075,740 ; soap and candles, !iil,315.150 ; sash, doors and blinds, $()19,280 ; tin, copper and sheet-iron ware, $SfiS,(;(i3 ; watches, $500,- 000. Total value of manufactures, )};>4,25(;,017. Hudson, city hi Hudson co.. N. J., 2% mis. by railroad N. W. of Jersey City. Pop. in ISOO, 7.229. J J I *Hudson, city and the co. seat of Columbia CO., N. Y., on the Hudson R. and the Hudson River R. R., 114 nils. N. of Now York. The Hudson & Boston R. R. branches otf from this place. The principal street terminates on a bold bluff on the bank of I he river, the pros- pect from which to the Catskill Mts. is ex- ceedingly fine. It has eonsidcralile rl\(n- commerce and numerous manufacturing cs- lalilishments. Pop., 8,015. Five newspapers. Hudson, tn. in Summit co., Ohio. Pop., 1,,520. *HHdson,p. V. in the above tn., at Ihe junc- tion of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R. wit h the Cleveland, Mt. Vernon & Delaware R. R., 12 mis. N. W. of Ravenna. Hudson, v. in Polk co., Oreg. Hudson, p. o. in Jeffe.-r¥0ii co.. Pa. ^Hudson, p. V. and thcco. seat of St. Croix co.. Wis., on the St. Croix R., 21 nils. N. of Pres- cott and on the West Wisconsin R. 1!., 1.5;) nils. W. N. W. of Tomah and 09 mis. W. of Ean Claire. Ships much wheat by way of tlie river, which is navigable to this poiiit. Poj)., 1,7S4. Three newspapers. Hudson, tn. in St. Croix co.,Wis. Pop., 2,203. Hudson, tn. in Walworth CO., Wis. Pop., 1,312. Uudison City, p. o. in Worth co., Mo. Hndsondale, p. o. in Carbon co.. Pa. Hudson River, in N. Y., one of the most im- portant streams of the continent ; is formed by the confluence of two small creeks in the Adirondack Mts., Essex co. The course of the Hudson in the mountain region is wind- ing and irregular ; but at Sandy Hill, Wash- ington CO., it assumes a southerly course, which it pursues with slight deviations to its entrance into Now York B. Its length is somewhat over 300 nils.: and below Troy, to which city it is navigable, its width variea between 300 and 1,000 yards. In its lower course it expands into wide basins. Such are Ilavei-straw B., above Croton Point, and Tap- pan Sea, below that point. The Hudson is la- nious for the magnificent scenery on its shores, and in this respect fully equals the Rhine in Germany. The most beautiful part of its course is where it breaks through the Highlands above and below West Point; mountains of from l,.5O0 to 2,000 ft. in eleva- tion here rise precipitously from the bankt. The Hudson has but few large tributaries, and these all join it from the W., as Saeon- dagaR., Mohawk R., Esopus Cr., Rondout Cr., with AVallkill, etc. The eastern tributaries arc small creeks. The largest steamboats as- cend it to Albany, 142 mis. above its mouth at New York ; andO mis. higher up, to Troy, smaller boats find a sufficient depth of water. The Hudson was named after Hendrick Hud- son, who first explored it. Hudsonvllle, v. in Daviess co., lud., 12 mis. from Washington. Hudson ville, p. o. in Breckinridge, CO., Ky. Hudsonville, p. o. Ottawa co., Mich. Hudsonvllle, p. v. in iMarshall CO., Miss., on the Mississippi Central R. R., 7 mis. N. of Holly Springs. Huerfano, co. in Colo. Ter.. S. part. Pop., 2,250. It is bounded on the W. and N. by the lofty chains of the Rocky Mts. and traversed by the Huerfano 11., a tributary of the Arkan- sas R. The central part of the co. includeg the beautiful and fertile Huerfano Park, a circular valley surrounded on all sides by mountains. Mining is the principal occupa- tion. Badito is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 5,.597 bush.; Indian-corn, 13,080 bush.; oats, 2,170 bu.sh.; wool, 37,779 lbs. Cash value of farms, $197,38.5. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $91,422. Value of manu- factures, $4,380. Huerfano, p. o. in Pueblo co., Colo. Ter. Huey, tn. in Calhoun co.. Ark. Pop., 153. Huey's, p. o. in Jetterson co., Ala. Hueysviile, p. o. in Fioyd co., Ky. Hull', tn. in Spencer co., lud. Pop., 1,569. Muflinan's, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Hulll'niansville, p. o. in Edgar co.. 111. llull'itower, p. o. in AvoyviIle, p. o. in the above tn. Hu;;'lies, p. o. in Arapahoe co., Colo. Ter. Hughes, new CO. in Dak. Ter., S. part ; bor- dors in the S. W. on the Missouri R. and la drained by the East Medicine R. and Okobaja Cr. Hiig'hcs, tn. in Nodaway co., Mo. Pop., 1,420. Hu^flies, p. o. ill tlie aliove tn. Hughes, V. in Schuylkill co.. Pa., 5 mis. N, TV. (UMinrrsvillc HuilIiesSmryli, p. o. in Habersham co., Ga. Ilu^'Iies station, p. o. in Rutler co., Ohio. llu^i'hes ville, p. v. in Charles co., Md., 32 mis. S. K. of Washington. Hu;,;'It«»ivillc, p. o. in Saginaw co.,jMich. Hjii5?SiesviIIe, p. o. in Pettis co.. Mo. Huj^'iiesville, p. v. in Lycoming co., Pa., 5 mis. N. E. of Muncy. Pop., 456. HUGHESVILLE. 415 HUMMELL'S WHARF. Hn^hesville, p. o. in T^ondoun CO., Va. Ung'Iisonville, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., 1^4 mle. S. 10. of New Hamburgh. Hir^o, p. o. in Douglas co., Colo. Ter. Hug'o, p. o. in Douglas co., 111. HnS'uenot, p. v. In Orange co., N. Y., on the Delaware & Huflson Canal and on the Never- sink R., 4 mis. N. E. of Port Jervis. Huilsburgh, p. o. in Dodge co.. Wis. Hnitsville, p. o. in Union co., Ky. Hulbertoii, p. o. in Coahoma co., Miss. Hnlbiirton, p. v. in Orleans CO., N. Y., on the Erie Canal and near the New York Central R. R., 7 mis. E. of Albion. Hull, p. o. in Pike co.. 111. Hull, p. o. in Boone co., Iowa. Ilnll, tn. in Plymouth CO., Mass. Pop., 261. Hull, p. o. in the above tn. Mull, tn. in Portage co.. Wis. Pop., 621. Hullems, p. o. in Alexander co., 111. Hull Prairie, p. o. in Wood co., Ohio. HullH, p. o. in Athens co., Ohio. Hull's Mills, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Hulinesville, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., 5 mis. N. W. of Bristol. Has cotton and lace manu- factories. One newspaper. Hulton, p. V. in Alleghany CO., Pa., on the Al- leghany R. and the Alleghany Valley R. R., ir^i^mls. N. E. of Pittsburgh. Hninansvillc, p. v. in Polk co., Mo., 18 mis. from Bolivar. OnniboUlt, co. in Cal., N. W. part. Area, 2,81'2 sq. mis. Pop, 6,140; in 1860, 2,694. It borders on the Pacific Ocean, and near the center of its coast lies C. Mendocino. Hum- boldt B., a spacious, land-locked harbor, is in the N. W. part of the co. The surface is mountainous, as the co. is traversed by sev- eral of the Coast Ranges. They are rugged and broken, and attain a considerable altitude. Mt. Pierce in over 6,000 feet aliovo the sea level, and Mt. Yallow Bailey, 6,3.^7 feet. The principal streams are Mad "R., Eel R., which receives Van Duscn and South Forks, and the Mattolo R., all flowing in a N. W. direction. The mountains are mostly covered with heavy forests of pine and maple trees, while the valleys contain extensive tracts of fertile farm lands. Large quanties of lumber are exported from the ports on Humboldt B. Eureka is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 32,284 bush.; Indian-coi-n, 10,022 bush.; oats, 137,022 bush.; Irish pot's, 372,924 bush.; sweet pot's, 140 bush.; wool, .51,867 lbs.; butter, 112,.580 lbs.; hav, 7.426 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,244,775. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includinsi additions to stock, etc., $557,212. Value of manufac- tures, $805,272. Humboldt, tn. in Coles co.. 111. Pop., 2,023. Humboldt, co. in Iowa. N. central part. Area, 570 sq. mis Pop., 2,796; in 1860, 332. The surface consists of rolling prairie land, quite fertile. It is intersected in the central part from N. to S. by the Des Moines R. Dakotah Is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 50,101 bush., rye, 15 bush.; Indian-corn, 107,950 bush.; oats, 60,316 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,- 416 bush.: wool, 4,609 lbs.; butter, 83.985 lbs.; hay, 9,133 tons. Cash value of farms, $780,093. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $242,- 424. v'aluc of manufactures, $273,.565. Humboldt, tn. in the above co. Pop., 334. Humboldt, p. v. in the above tn., about 10 mis. W. of Dakotah. Humboldt, tn. m Allen co., Ivans. Pop., 2,0.35. ^Humboldt, p. v. in the above tn., on the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., and on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 86 mis. S. of Lawrence. It lies on the Neosho R. and is surrounded by a very ricli farming dis- trict. Pop., 1,202. Two newspapers. Huiuboldt, p. o. in Marquette co., Mich. Mumboldt, v. in Pulaski co., Mo., on the At- lantic & Pacific R. R. The station is Crocker, 36 mis. S. W. of RoUa. Humboldt, p. v. in Richardson co., Nebr., on the Atchison & Neliraska R. R., 76 mis. from Atchison and 36 mis. from Sterling. One newspaper. Humboldt, co. in Nov., N. W. part. Pop., 1,916. The N. W. section is characterized by high basaltic table-lands, cut up by deep ravines ■with high precipitous sides. In many places large areas— sometiincs several miles in length and breadth— appear to have sunk bodily "be- low the general level of the plateau, forming valleys with rugged, wall-like boundaries, varying from a few hundred to a thousand feet in height. The Lake and Granite ranges form the W. boundary ; the Rabbit Hole Mts., Antelope Mts., Quinn's River Mts., Eugene Mts., Sonoma Mts. and Humboldt Mts. are the principal ranges, traversing the co. from 8. to N. The Humboldt R. enters from the E. and describes a great curve to the S. W. It receives the Little Humboldt from the N., which flows through the Paradise Valley. The Black Rock Desert, or the Valley of the Mud Lakes, is an extensive region, covered during the rainy season with alkaline water. The Quinn's R. enters the co. from the N. and terminates in a sink N. of the Black Rock Desert. In the S. E. section of this co. there are numerous mining districts, located mostly in the Humboldt Mts. and the East Range. They produce gold and silver and are among the richest of the state. The S. W. section consists of barren deserts and mountains comjiarativelv destitute of wood, water and grass. The Pacific R. R. follows the valley of the Humboldt R. Unionville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 4,419 bush.; oats, 450 bush.; Irish pot's, 5.504 bush.; butter, 5,050 lbs ; hay. 2,249 tons. Cash value of farms, $1.58,970. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $101,210. Value of manu- factures, $387,984. *Humboldt, p. v. in Gibson co., Tenn., at the junction of the Mobile & Ohio R. R. with the Memphis & Louisville R. R., 12 mis. S. W. of Milan. It is a rapidly growing place and has one newspaper. Humboldt, p. o. in Hunt Co., Tex. Huuiboldt, tn. in Brown co., Wis. Pop., 735. Humboldt Basin, p. v. in Baker co., Oreg., 25 mis. S. of Baker City. Humboldt House, p. o. in Humboldt co., Nev. Humboldt River, the largest .stream in Nev.; rises in the N. E. part of Lander co., flows. W. for a distance ot 250 mis. to 117° 43' W. long., where it is joined by the Little Humboldt, and then deflects to the S. AV. Near the boundary of Humboldt and Clmrchill cos. it expands into the Hutnboldt Lake, and a few miles fur- ther S. terminates in Humboldt Sinlc. This river has aii avei'age width of 40 yards and a depth of 4 feet. At ordinary stages it is ford- able at many places. There is a narrow belt of alluvium along its lianks, exjianding at some points into grassy bottoms of consider- able extent. The few tributaries it receives are but small creeks. Those which join it from the N. are Muddy Cr., Grouse Cr. and the Little Humboldt R.; those which join it from the S. are Huntington Cr. and Roberta Cr. Humbugr, tn. iu Siskiyou co., Cal. Pop., 251. Humburd, p. o. in Clark co., Wis. Hume, tn. in Whitesidcs co., 111. Pop., 676. Hume, tn. in Huron co., IMicb. Pop., 475. Hume, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 1,920. Hume, p. V. in the above tn.. near the Genesee R. and the Genesee Valley Canal, ^0)4 mis. K. of Belvidcre. Pop., 2.54. Humeston, ]->. o. in \Vayne co., Iowa. Hummell's Wharf, p. o. in Snyder co., Pa. HUMMEL'S STORE. 416 HUNTINGTON, Hummel's Store, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. Uammelstown, p. v. in Dauphin co., Pa., on the Lebanon Valley R. K., i]}4 mis. E. of Har- risburpT- Pop., 837. One newspaper. Iltiniplirey, p. o. in Platte co., Nebr. Miiinplirey, tn. in Cattaraugus CO., N. Y. Pop., l.OoS. Hiiiuplirey, p. v. in tlic above tn., S}4 mis. K. ol Allt'gaiiy. Htiniplircys, co. in Tenn., N.W. central part. Area, oUO sq. mis. Pop., 9,326: in 1800, 9,0%. The Tennessee R. forms its W. bounilary. Duck R. and niany creelcs drain it. The sur- face is undulating and the soil fertile. The Nashville & Northwestern R. R. passes Through the central part, directly from E. to W. Waverly is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 27.782 hush.; rye, 9o.S bush.; In- dian-corn. 491,355 bush.; oats, 29,9tJ7 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,502 bush.; sweet pot's, 17,829 bush.; tobacco, 113,177 ll)s.; butter, 1.5,255 lbs.; hay, 408 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,003,934. 'i'otal, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc.,$(J48,- 819. Value of manufactures, $196,744. Huniplireysville, p. o. in Columbia co., N."i'. Hunii>l»rcysville, p. o. in Luzerne CO., Pa. HuiB«ll«'y"s Hills, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. lluutr» i^tatiuu, p. o. in Leavenworth co., Kaus. Hunlock CrecU, p. o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Uusinewell, p. v. in Shelby co.. Mo., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. It., 7 mis. \V. of Sloiiroe. Pop., 327. ' Huiisaker, p. o. iu Tulare co., Cal. Uuiisiicltcr's Store, p. o. in Montgomery CO., N. C. Hunt, tn. in Scott co.. Ark, Pop., 280. Hunt, CO. in Tex., N. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 10,291; in 1800, G,(J30. The surface is un- even ; the soil fertile. The Sabine R. inter- sects Ihe extreme S. part and the Middle Pork of Sulphur II. the N. K. The central part is drainetl by Caddo and Cow Leach Porks of the Sabins R. Greenville is the co. scat. A"r. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,852 bush.; In- dian-corn, 342,411 bush.; oats, 11,149 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,319 bush.; sweet pot's, 31,480 bush.; cotton, 4,272 bales; butter, 103,207 lbs. Cash value of farms, $780,149. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $735,109. Value of manu- factures, $170,280. Hunter, p. v. in Boone co., 111., 8 m.ls. N. of Caledonia Station. Hunter, tn. in Edgar CO., 111. Pop., 1,029. Hunter, tn. in Greene co., N. Y. Pop., 1,524. Hunter, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. W, of Catskill. Hunter, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, 5 mis. S. of Belmont. Hunterdon, co. in N. J., N. W. part. Area, 437^ sq. nils. Pop., 30,903; in 18o0, 33,654. It borders on tlie Delaware, Musconetcong and Lamington Rs. Two branches of the Ra- ritan R. intersect and drain the co. It is traverseil by several mountain ranges, •which include beautiful and higldy produc- tive valleys. Agriculture is the principal pursuit of the inhabitants. Plemington is ilie CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 340,393 bush.; rye, 20,799 bush.; oats, 902,737 bush.: Indian-corn, 1,()21,2.'51 busli.; Irish pot's, 80,807 bush.; sweet pot's, 52i) bush.; butter, 905,- 243 lbs.: hay, 38,110 tons. Casli value of farms, $21,797,318. Total, estimated, value of all farm jiroduetions, including additions to stock, etc.,!i;3,8.~:5,830. Princijial products ofindustry : Plour and meal, $1,412,957 ; iron castings, $315,- 751. Total value of niannfactures, $1,754,085. Hunter'sv tn. in Tehama co., Cal. I'op.. 40. Hunter's Creek, p. v. in Lapeer co., Mich., 5 mis. S. of Lapeer. Hunter's Uepot, p. o. in Nelson co., Ky. Huutcr'et €ouis. 111. (340 mis.), and North Vernon with Louisville, Ky. (53 mis.); Terre Haute & Indian- apolis R. R. (961^ mis.); Toledo, Wabash & West- ern R. R., connecting Toledo, Ohio, with Camp Point, 111. (451^^ mis.), and intersecting the N. part of the state ; and the White Water Valley R. R., connecting Valley Junction, Ohio, with Hagerstown (70 mis.) Wealth, Taxation and Debt. — The estimated value of real and personal estate in 1870 was $1,268,180,54.3, but the assessed value of the sanae amoiuited to only $363,455,044 ; $203,334,070 repre- senting the personal property ancl $460,120,974 the real estate. The state taxes were $2,943,078 ; county taxes, $4,654,466, and town and eitv taxes $3, 193,.577, making the total taxation $1U,791,121. The entire indebtedness in saiil vear was $7,- 818,710, which included $4,167,507 " state debt, $1,127,269 county debt, and $2,523,934 town and city debt. On the 1st day of Nov., 1872, tho state debt was $3,905,906.27, showing a decrease since the census was taken of .$261,601. The .school fund bonds (now negotiable) are the chief item of the state debt, viz. : $3,729,016. The receipts of the treasury during the fiscal year ended on Oct. 31, 1872, including cash on hand from the year iDreceding.were $'5,450, '>58.22, and the disbursements $2,687,201.8.5. leaving, on Nov. 1,1872, cash in tlie treasury, $76.j,3.-j6.37. Education. — Tlie sum expended in ihe state for tuition in all schools amounted (1870) to $2,- 499,511, mostly derived from taxation. Ind. has six universities. The State Univer- sity at Bloomington, Monroe co., was opened in 1824, and comprises a college of arts, litera- ature and science, a college oi law, a college of civil engineering, a college of military science ami a normal school ; "all maniieil," as the re- port of the State Superintendent, for 1870, say.s, "with competent and able instructors." The libraries embrace over 5,000 volumes, and tlie philosophical and chemical apparatus is verjf complete. The facultj- consists of the presi- dent, ten professors and two tutors; the num- ber of students was, in 1870, 304. Indiana Asbury University, located at Greencastle, I'utnamco., is under the control of the Methodists. Wabash College, with which a military department is connected, is at Crawfordsville; Earlham Col- lege, near Riclimond ; the University of Notre Dame, at Notre Dame ; Salem College, at Bom-- bon ; Fort Wayne College and Concordia Col- lege, at Fort Wayne. In 1870 there were in tho state 8,871 public schools (including 69 high and 371 graded schools), with 11,042 teachers and INDIANA. 427 INDIANAPOLIS. 446,076 pupils, Avith an income of $2,063,599. The 32 classical institutions (colleges and acade- mies) had 26S teachers, and 6,682 pupils. The four professional schools had 10 teachers and 137 pupils, and the 14 technical schools had 33 teach- ers and 1,518 pupils. The number of private and parochial schools was 152, with 285 teachers and 10,064 pupils. The C haritable and Penal Institidions axG: The Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, the Institution lor the Education of the Blind, the Indiana Hospital for the Insane, the Indiana Reforma- tory Institute for Women and Girls, the House of Refuge, near Plainfleld, and the Soldiers' Home, which is exclusively for the care of or- phan children of soldiers. Tliere are two state prisons, the one styled the State Prison North, at Michigan city, and the other, the State Pris- on South, at Jetforsonville. Governmenl. — The Governor, Lieutenant-Gov- ernor, Secretary of State, Treasurer, Auditor, Attorney-General and Superintendent of Pub- lic Instruction are chosen by the people at the general election, held on the second Tuesday of October. The Governor and Lieutenant-Gov- ernor hold office four years ; the others two years. The legislature meets biennially in the month ot January, in the odd years, 1873, 1875, etc., and comprises a Senate of 50 members and a House of Representatives of 98 members. The judiciary consists of a Supreme Court, Circuit Courts and a Court of Common Pleas. The Supreme Court is composed of four judges, chosen by the people for seven years ; the judges of the Circuit Courts are elected for six years, and those of the Court of Common Pleas for four years. Ind. is divided into the following 92 counties : Adams, AUeu, Bartholomew, Benton, Black- ford, Boone, Brown, Carroll, Cass, Clarke, Clay, Clinton, Crawford, Daviess, Dearborn, Decatur, De Kalb, Delaware, Dubois, Elkhart, Fayette, rioj'd. Fountain, Franklin, Fulton, Gibson, Grant, Greene, Hamilton, Hancock, Harrison, Hendricks, Henry, Howard, Huntington, Jack- sou, Jasper, Jaj^, Jetferson, Jennings, Johnson, Knox, Kosciusko, La Grange, Lake, La Porte, Lawrence, Madison, Marion, Marshall, Martin, Miami, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Newton, Noble, Ohio, Orange, Owen, Parke, Perrj-, Pike, Porter, Posey, Pulaski, Putnam, Randolph, Kipley, Rush, Scott, Shelby, Spencer, Starke, Steuben, St. Joseph, Sullivan, Switzerland, Tippecanoe, Tipton, Union, Vanderburgh, Ver- million, Vigo, Wabash, Warren, Warrick, Wash- ington, Wayne, AVells, White, Whitley. The state capital is Indianapolis. The other incorporated cities are : Fort Wayne, Logans- port, Jett'ersonville, Lawrenceburgh, Goshen, Connersville, New Albany, Seymour, Madison, Franklin City, Vincennes, La Porte, Peru, Crawfordsville, Kendallville, Valparaiso, Shel- byville, Grcencastle, South Bend, La Fayette, Evansville, Terre Haute, Wabash City, Rich- mond, Columbia. Indiana, tn. in Marion co., Iowa. Pop., 1,332. Indiana, co. in Pa., W. central part. Pop., 36,- 138 ; in 1860, 33,681. It is bounded on the S. by the Conemaugh R. and intersected by Little Mahoning Cr., Plum Cr., Black Lick "Cr. and Yellow Cr. Chestnut Ridge intersects the co. from S. W. to N. E.; the remainder of the sur- face forms a gently rolling table-land. The P»'.,isylvania Central R. R. extends along the t/Onemaugh R. and the Indiana Branch ot the same intersects the co. from S. to N., terminat- ing at Indiana, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 308,lS3bush.; rye, 97,550 bush.; oats, 906,255 bush.; Indian-corn, 652,263 bush.; IrisK pot's, 77.367 bush.; sweet pot's, 51 bush.; butter, 1,100,925 lbs.; hay. 38,749 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,945,069. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $2,640,875. Value of manu- factures, $1,393,408. Indiana, tu. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Pop., 2,306. ^Indiana, p. bor. and co. seat of Indiana co., Pa.; is the northern terminus of the Indiana Branch of the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 19 mis. from Blairsville. It is a shipping point for produce and lumber and has important manufactories. Pop., 1,605. Three news- papers. ^Indianapolis, city and co. seat of Marion CO. , and capital of Indiana, on the West Fork of White R. and on the Indianapolis, Cinciniiati & La Fayette R. R., 115 mis. W. N. W. of Cin- cinnati and 195 mis. S. E. of Chicago. It is the eastern terminus of the Indianapolis & St. Louis R. R., 261 mis. E. of East St. Louis, and of the St. Louis, Vandalia, Terre Haute & In- dianapolis R. R.; the north-eastern terminus of the Indianapolis & Vincennes R. R., the northern terminus of the Jetferson ville, Mad- ison & Indianapolis R. R.; the north-western terminus of the Cincinnati & Indianapolis Junction R. R.; the western terminus of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R.; the south-western terminus of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Intlianapolis R. R., the southern terminus of the Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R., and the south-eastern terminus of the Indianapolis, Bloomingtou & Western R. R. Indianapolis is situated on an extensive plain, which is very productive and in a high state of cultivation. The first settlement on the spot now occupied by the city was effected in 1819, and the next year the seat of govern- ment was located there. In 1824 the state ar- chives were removed thither from Corj^don, and in Jan., 1825, the Legislature coirimenced its first session. It was incorporated as a city in 1836, and is nov/ one of the most beautiful, prosperous and important places W. of the Alleghany Mts. In 1850 it had 8,091 inhabitants ; in 1860, 18,611, and in 1870, 48,244, making it the 27th largest city in the Union. The natives of the United States numbered 37,587, of whom 34,664 were whites and 2,920 colored persons. The foreign- born population was 10,657, including 5,286 Germans, 698 Englishmen, 3,579 Irishmen and 258 Scotchmen. The number of persons en- gaged in all classes of occupations was 18,615, of whom 210 wei'e engaged in agriculture, 6,706, in personal and professional services, and 6,916 in manufactures and mechanical industries. Indianapolis is regularly laid out, the streets crossing each other at right angles, excepting four diagonal streets, which diverge from a circular area in the center. There are about 50 churches in the city, many of whicli are substantial and beautiful structures. The following are the principal public buildings : The State House on Washington st., erected in 1835, and containing the Governor's rooms, the archives, the state library, and the halls ot the Assembly: the State Lunatic Asylum, founded in 1848, but greatly enlarged since the State Institution tor the Blind, foundedin 1847; the State Institute for the Deaf and Dumb, founded in 1848 ; the Reformatory for Women and Girls, located east of the city ; the United States Arsenal, 1 mle. N. by E. of the city limits ; the Northwestern Christian Uni- versity f )dd Fellows' Hall, ^^;Cademy of Music, Uu „ca States Post-office, containing also the chambers for the United States courts ; and the Masonic Hall. The Union R. R. Depot is an immense struc- ture 420 feet long. All trains on the railroads centering at Indianapolis start from or arrive here. The system of public graded schools is ex- cellent, and the city is justly famous lor its superior educational institutions. The manufacturing inteiests- are very ex- tensive and constantly increaeing. The pro- ducts of industry, as enumerated in the article INDIANAPOLIS. 428 INDIAN TERRITORY. on Marion co., were chiefly turned out by tbe establishments of the city. Tlie number of newspapers published here is 3i, of wliicli tlie following are the most prominent : " Indianapolis Journal," Repub- lican, two daily editions (morning and even- ing) and one weekly ; " Indianapolis Daily Sentinel," Democratic, daily and weekly : tlie " Commei-cial," Republican, daily and weekly ; the " Kveniiig News," independent, daily and weekly ; the " Telegrai)h," dailj^ and weekly ; the "Indianapolis -Little Sower," monthly; and the " Indianapolis Northwestern Farm- er," monthly. Indianapolis, p, v. in Mahaska co., Iowa, on the North Skunk R,, 15 mis. N. E. of Oscaloosa. Indian Bay, p. v. in Monroe co., Ark., near White 11.. 32 mis. W. S. AV. of Helena. Indian Bay, p. o. in Monroe co., Fla. Indian Camp, p. o. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Indian t'reek, tn. in Trinity co., Cal. Pop., Indian lands. The tributaries of the Missouri P., which form the western drainage system of lowa, are comparatively small and unimportant ; or, if large, belong to this state with their upper courses only. Chariton and Grand Rs. rise in the southern part of Iowa and pass into Mo. The Platte R. rises in Union co., but belongs mainly to Mo. One Hundred and Two R. is represented in Taylor co. bv its East and West Forks. The East, Middle and West Nodaway Rs. traverse drift valleys, with beautifully sloping and undulating sides, and drain one of the finest agricultural districts of the state. The East and West Nishnabotany Rs. have so eroded their vallej's that the drift deposit is ex- posed along their entire length. The main stream joins the Missouri R. a short distance beyond the limits of Iowa. Boyer R., Soldier R. and Little Sioux R. flow between tolerably high and sloping banks. Rock R. is so named from the fact that exposures of quartz rock occur along the main branch in Minn. la Iowa it is essentially a drift stream, with gently sloping banks. The Big Sioux R. rises on the Coteau des Prairies, in Dak. Ter., and then forms the northern portion of the western boundary of Iowa. It joins the Missouri at Sioux City. The Missouri R., as far as it forms the boundary of this state, is bordered by bluffs. The lakes of Iowa are small. They are either drift lakes, that is, such as had their origin in the depressions left in the surface of the drift at the close of the glacial epoch, or they are alluvial lakes, which were formed by the action of the rivers while cutting out their valleys from the general surface of the country. The drift lakes are mostlj' located near the head waters of the principal streams. Such are Spirit and Okoboji lakes in Dickinson co.. Clear Lake in Cerro Gordo co., and Storm Lake in Buena Vista co. Okoboji Lake has the shape of a horse shoe. It receives the outlet of Spirit Ijake, and is itself drained by the Little Sioux R. Climate. — The climate of Iowa is free from in- jurious extremes. Its general character is a sa- lubrious dryness. Observations at Iowa City, commenced in 1839 and continued to the pres- ent time, give a mean annual temperature of 47.57^ Fahrenheit, which was thus distributed through the year : January, 21.75° ; February, 24.81° ; March, 34.75° ; April, 48.50° ; May, 59.06° ; June, 67.92° ; J uly, 72.51°; August, 70.70^ ; Septem- ber, 63.37° ; October, 49.58^ ; November, 36.28° ; December, 23.55°. The mean temperature oi spring was 47.44°; suniiner, 70.37°; autumn, 44.52°, and winter, 23.37°. Iowa lies within the zone of variable winds. W. and N. N. W. winds may be considered as predominating, while 3. and S. E. winds are least frequent. According to the long-continued observations, above men- tioned, the wind blew from the N. N. E. 70 days ; from the E. S. E. 76 days ; from the S. S. W. 105 days, and from the W. and N. N. W. lit days; or easterly winds prevailed 146 days and w^st- erlv winds 219 davs. The mean annual fall of rain and snow, re- duced to water, is 44.27 inches, which is more than might be expected from the inland posi- IOWA. 431 IOWA. don of the state. In 1851 there was the cxtra- ox-dinary fall of 74.49 inches : the least fall was In 1S54, viz.: 23.35 inches. August is the month In which usually the greatest amount of rain falls. January is the dryest month. Vegetation.— Iowa has throughout a very fer- tile soil. Geologists estimate the productive area of the state at 95 per cent, of the whole. Throe-fourths of the surface, including the up- lands, arc open prairies ; the river courses are elcirted bv woodland belts, consisting generally of maple" birch, buckeye, hickory, walnut, lo cust, sycamore, cottonwood, oak, basswood End elm. The quantity of timber is suiQcient for all economical purposes, in the present state of settlemeiit. Attempts to raise forest trees on the prairies have been eminently successful, and it is asserted that by this means timber is now growing faster in Iowa than the consump- tion demands. If the annual burning of the prairies were prohibited, forests would probably soon spontaneously spring up and grow thrift- ily on most of the prairie region. Pojntlation.—Io'W'd. is rapidly increasing in population and wealth. In 1840 it had 43,112 in- habitants ; in 1850, 192,-214 ; in 18G0, 074,963, and in 1870, 1,194,020. The whites numbered in the lat- ter year, 1,188,207 ; the colored people, 5,762, and the Indians, 348, of whom about 300 sustained tribal relations. The natives of the United States largelv exceed the foreign population, numbering 989,328, of whom 428,020 were natives of the state; 64,083 of Ind.; 14,180 of Kv.; 5,943 of Me.; 5,972 of Md.; 8.929of Mass.; 8,918 of Mich.; 2,683 of Minn.; 13,831 of Mo.; 5,0.57 of N. H.; 5,088 of N. .1.; 79,143of N. Y.; 3,612 of N.C.; 73 435ofPa.; 6,015of Tenn.; 12,204 of Vt.; 19,5,58 of Va. and W. Va., and 24,319 of Wis. The foreign-born population num- bered 204,692 ; of whom 17,907 were natives of British America ; 2,827 of Denmark ; 3,130 of France ; 06,100 of Germany ; 16,600 of England ; 40,124 of Ireland: 5,248 of Scotland; 1,967 of Wales ; 17 500 of Norway ; 10,796 of Sweden, and 3,937 of Switzerland. Thus is the population of tills state in the true sense of the word cosmo- politan. Occupations.— 0£ the 837,959 inhabitants of Iowa of 10 years of age and over, 344,270, or nearly one-half, were engaged in all classes of useful occupations, to wit : 210,263 in farming ; 58,484 in professional and personal services ; 28,210 in trade and transportation, and 47,319 in manufacturing, mining and the mechanical trades. Agriculture. — No state in the Union offers greater advantages to the farmer and stock- breeder. Thv soil of the prairies, whether level or rolling, possesses the greatest fertility ; and the bottom-lands along the water-courses are truly inexhaustible. The cereals yield most abundant crops ; vegetables of every descrii^- tion thrive well, and fruit or forest trees are successfully cultivated, and grow with remark- able rapidity. The yield per acre, in 1871, was 42i^ bush, of corn, 10 4-5 bush, of wheat, 20 bush, of rye, 41 bush, of oats, 29i^ bush, of barley, 131 bush, of pot's, 750 lbs. of tobacco and 1 3-5 tons of hay. According to the census of 1870 there were pro- duced 28,708,312 bush, spring wheat, 727,.380 bush, winter wheat, 505,807 bush, rye, 68,935.005 bush. Indian-corn, 21,005,142 bush, oats, 1.900,779 bush, barley, 5,914,620 bush. Irish pot's,' 34,292 bush, sweet pot's, 71,792 lbs. tobacco, 2.967,043 lbs. MOOl, 27,512,179 lbs. butter, 1,087,741 lbs. cheese, 1,777.339 tons hay and .37,518 gallons wine. The number of acres in farms was 15,541,793, of which 9,390,467 were improved (or 26 per cent. of the area of the state), and 2,5-24,793 were woodland. The cash value of farms was $;392,- 602,441, and of farming implements and machin- ery, $20,.509,5S2 ; and the estimated value of all farm productions, including betterments and additions to stock, was $114,386,441 ; of orchard products, $1,075,109. Iowa had 433,642 horses, 25,485 mules and asses 369,811 milch cows, 22,058 worlcing oxen, 614,366 other cattle, 855,493 sheep and 1,3.53,908 swine. The total value of all live stock was $82,987,133, and of animals slaughtered or sold for slaugh- ter, $25,781,223. 3Iinerals and Mining.— The mineral resources of Iowa are extensive and important, includ- ing coal, iron, lead, copper, zinc, and various kinds of lime and free stones, well adapted for building purposes. The coal fields are situated in the central and southern por- tions of the state, and belong to the great Mis- souri and Iowa coal region, which covers in this state an area estimated at 25,000 sq. mis. The most productive coal mines are in the val- ley of the Des Moines B. and its tributaries, ex- tending from Lee co. to the northern boundary of Webster co. Five mis. S. of Fort Dodge a coal vein of 7 feet in thickness was recently discovered. The coal of Iowa is exclusively bituminous, and noted for its purity, leaving but a small residuum of ashes. The product mined was, in 1805, 1,000,582 bush.; in 1800, 2,483,- 010 bush.; in 1870 upward of 3,000,000 bush., or 120,000 tons, and at present nearly approaches 200,000 tons. The lead-bearing veins are in the limestone formation of the Turkey River Valley, and ex- tend to Dubuque, on the Mississippi R., which is the center of the lead-mining industry, and owes to it its rapid growth and importance. The value of the product exceeds $300,000 per an- num. Some silver is occasionally found with the copper ores. Extensive deposits of peat are found in Franklin, Wright, Cerro Gordo, Hancock, Winnebago, Worth, Kossuth, Musca- tine, Linn and Clinton cos., and are of consid- erable importance, as they lie beyond the coal re- gion, and yield excellentfuel. Marble quarries are m Tama and Marshall cos., and building stones crop out in nearly all the river valleys E. of the Des Moines. In Jladison and Cass cos. are the most extensive quarries. Plastic clay, fit for pottery, is found in nearly all parts of the state. The Manufacturing Industry progresses rap- idly. In 1860 the value of the im'oducts was $13,- 971,325; in 1870, $46,534,322, showing an increase of 233 per cent. In the former year there were 1,939 industrial establishments, with an invested capital of $7,247,130 ; in the latter, 6,566 establishments, with a capital of $22,420,183, and the raw materials consumed amounted to $27,- 682,096 ; the wages paid to $6,893,292, and the 899 steam-engines had 25,298 horse-power. The principal products, as reported in the last cen- sus, are as follows : Flour and meal, $15,635,345 ; sawed lumber, $5,794,285 ; planed lumber, $867,- 415 ; boots and shoes, $1,218,480 ; agricultural implements, $829,905 ; carriages ami wagons, $1,9,52,143 ; iron castings, $132,780 ; stoves and hollow ware, $100,000 ; turniture, $375,566 ; men's clothing, $tK)5,136 ; malt liquor, $902,848 ; packed pork, $1,190,400; saddlery and harness, $1,110,852, and woollen goods, $1,501,341. Commerce and Railroads.— Wit\\ its two mag- nificent border-streams, the Missouri and Mis- sissippi, and other navigable rivers,and a nearly perfect railroad system, Iowa has commercial facilities of the first order, readily efl'ecting an exchange of its surplus products of grain, meat, etc., for clothing, groceries, and luxuries which are not produced within its borders. The goods moved on her commercial highway may be es- timated at $.500,000,000 in value. In 1802 the rail- road mileage was 731 ; and ten years later, 3,160 ; while the network of iron roads is being rapidly extended. The principal railroads are: Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., connecting Burlington with Flymcuth (229rals.) and Plvmouth with Austin (32 mis.); Burling- ton & Missouri River R. R. (349 mis.); Cedar Falls & Minnesota R. R., running from Water- loo to the Minn, state-line (75>^ mis.); Cedar If '■*« IOWA. 432 IOWA. Rapids & Missouri R. R., connecting Cedar Rapids with Omalia, Nebr. (271^^ mis.), and Clinton with Lyons (2^ mis.) ; Central Iowa R. K., connecting St. Paul, Minn., with St. Louis, Mo., running from the northern to the southern state line (203 mis.) ; Chicago, Iowa & Nebraska R. R., connecting Clinton with Cedar Rapids, Mo. (81 J^ mis.) ; Chicago & South- western R. R., from Washington to Leaven- worth, Kans. (271 mis.); Ues Moines Valley R. R., from Keokuk to Des Moines (24Hi^ mis.); Dubuque & Sioux City R. R. (143 mis.); Dubuque & Southwestern R. R., from Farley to Cedar Rapids (54% mis.); Iowa Falls & Sioux City R. R. (1S4 mis.); and Sioux City & Pacific R. R., fioni Sioux City to Fremont, 'Nel)r. (107 mis.). Weullh, Taxation and Debt. — The assessed V'llue of real estate In 1870 was $226,610,638, and O- personal property, $75,904,780 ; or both togeth- er, $302,518,418. The true value of both was $717,- 64-1,750, against $247,3,38,265 in 1860, and $23,714,638 in 1850. The not national taxation was $9,055,614, of which $832,918 were state taxes, $3,052,931 county taxes, and $5,169,765 town and city taxes. The indebtedness included $3,775,606 incurred by towns and cities, .$3,732,929 by counties, and only $534,498 by the state ($300,000 in war and de- fense bonds, and the remainder in not trans- ferable bonds issued to the .school-fund). During the j'ear ended Nov. 1, 1871, the total amount of receipts by the State Treasurer was $2,509,065, and of expenditures, $2,413,096, leaving a balance of $9.5,969 in the treasury. EducaUo7i.— The number of school districts was, in 1S71, 1,594, an increase of 132 in the two preceding years. There were 7,841 public schools, against 7,009 two years before. The number of youth within the school ages was 461,258 of whom 342,440 or H% per cent, were en- rolled during the year, and the average attend- ance was 211,726, or nearly 46 per cent. The Governor, in his message of Jan., 1872, "regards the constant increase of the number of those enjoying school-privileges as a strong evidence that" the common schools are continually en- larging their usefulness, and will graduallj' bring all the youth of the state within the scope of their inestimable privileges." The value of school-houses and apparatus was $5,916,490, an inci-ease during two years of $1,541,947. A sys- tem of normal scho'ols at convenient points throughout the state, for the thorough training of teachers, was urgently recommended. The last census reports public schools as number- ing 7,322 with 8,860 teachers and 205,923 pupils. There were 21 colleges, 34 academies, 6 profes- sional and 10 technical schools in the state. The State University at Iowa City has an en- dowment in land and other property of $195,582, and worthily occupies its place at the head of the school system of the state. It had, in 1870, 25 teachers and 4.55 students, including 178 females, and embraced academical, law, medical and normal departments. The Agricultural Col- lege at Ames, Storey co., has an imposing build- ing, located on a flue farm of 648 acres, and con- tains alibrary, museum, cabinet of minerals.etc. Charitable and Penal Inslitution.s. — The State Reform School, in Lee co., near Salem, Henry CO., had 7 officers and teachers, and 86 inmates. The Institution for the Blind at Council ISlulTs is in a flourishing condition, and offers every facilitj' alforded by similar institutions in the country. The institution for the education of the blind at Vinton has magnificent buildings and a farm of 40 acres. The number of teachers and officers in 1870 was 25, and of pui)ils, 101. Hospitals for the insane are located at Mount I'leasant and Independence. The state has three homes for soldiers' orphans, one at Glen- wood, another at Cedar Falls, and th.e last at Davenport. The State Penitentiary, located at Fort Madi- son, is almost self-sustaining ; and had, in 1871, 263 convicts, an increase of 01 in two years. The State Historical Society enjoys an ap- propriation of $500 per annum, and collects, preserves and publishes the records of the set- tlements of Iowa, and the deeds of its pioneers. The "Annals of Iowa," an excellent quarterly, is issued by the society. Government. — The Governor, Lieutenant-Gov- ernor and Superintendent of Public Instruc- tion are elected in each odd year for a term of two years. The Register of the Land Office, Secretary of State, Auditor and Treasurer are elected in each even year, for the same length of service. The Senators, 49 in number, are chosen for four years; one-half being elected biennially. The "House of Representatives con- sists of 200 members, who are elected for two years. Every male citizen who has been a resident of the state for six months, and of the county, in which he offers to vote, sixty days, is a legal elector. The judicial power is vested in a supreme court, 12 district courts, " and such courts as the general assembly may establish." The Su- preme Court has appellate jurisdiction only, and consists of four judges, elected by the peo- ple for six years. It exercises supervisory con- trol over the inferior judicial tribunals. The district courts have original jurisdiction in civil and criminal cases, in chancery and at common law. In 1868 the assembly established 24 circuits, in each of which a circuit judge is elected for four years. Iowa is dividedinto the following 100 counties ; Adair, Adams, Allamakee, Appanoose, Audu- bon, Benton, Black Hawk, Boone, Bremer, Bu- chanan, Buena Vista, Butler, Calhoun, Carroll, Cass, Cedar, Cerro Gordo, Cherokee, Chicka saw, Clarke, Clay, Clayton, Clinton, Ci'awford, Dallas, Davis, Decatur, Delaware, Des Moines, Dickinson, Dubuque, Fminctt, Fayette, Floj-d, Franklin, Fremont, Greene, Grundy, Guthrie, Hamilton, Hancock, Hardin, Harrison, Henry, Howard, Humboldt, Ida, Iowa, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson, Johnson, Jones, Keokuk, Kossuth, Lee, Linn, Louisa, Lucas, Lyon, Madison, Ma- haska, Marion, Marshall, Mills, Mitchell, Mono- na, Monroe, Montgomery, Muscatine, O'Brien, Osceola, Page, Palo Alio, Plvniouth, Poeahon- tas, Polk, Pottawattamie, iPoweshiek, Ring- gold, Sac, Scott, Shelby, Sioux, Story, Tama, Taylor, Union, Van Buren, Wapello, Warren, Washington, "\Vayne, 'Webster, Winnebago, AVinnesliiek, Woodbury, "Worth, Wright. Des Moines, on the river of the .same name, is the capital of the state. The last census re- ports the following incorporated cities : Da- venport, Keokuk, Dubuque, Cedar Falls, AVater- loo, Waverly, Independence, McGregor, Clin- ton, Lyons, Burlington, Maquoketa, Fairfield, Iowa City, Fort Madison, Cedar Rapids, Win- terset, Oskaloosa, Marshalltown, Glenwood, Muscatine, Council Bluffs, Ottumwa, Fort Dodge and Sioux City. Iowa, CO. in Iowa, E. central part. Area, 580 sq. mis. Pop., 16,044 ; in 1860, 8,029. The sur- face is moderately level and the soil ver.y fer- tile. The Iowa R. flows through the N. E. part, and the co. is also drained by the Noith Fork of English R. The JSIississippi & Mis- souri R. R. passes through the N. part from E. to W. Marengo is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, ,531,148 bush.; rye, 1,521 bush.; Indian-corn, 1.281,123 bush.; oats, 267,- 049 bush.; Irish pot's, 111,882 bush.; sweet pot's, 88 bush.; wool, 31,877 lbs.; butter, 499,379 lbs.; hay, 30,703 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,422,071". Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,526,481. Value of manufactures, $358,293. Iowa, In. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 347. Iowa, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 2,(ic£. Iowa, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., 1,108. Iowa, tn. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pop., 878. Iowa, tn. in Franklin co., low'a. Pop., 125. Iowa, tn. in Iowa co., Iowa. Pop., 962. IOWA. 433 IRON MOUNTAIN. Iowa, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,209. Iowa, tn. in Marshall CO., Iowa. Pop., ],1'23. Iowa, tn. in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 1,062. Iowa, tn. in Winnebago co., Iowa. Pop., 436. Iowa, tn. in Wright co., Iowa. Pop., 203. Iowa, tn. in Doniphan co., Kans. Pop., 3,531.- Iowa, CO. in Wis., S. W. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 21,544 ; in 1860, 1H,<)67. The snrface is un- dulating and the soil generally fertile. Cop- per and zinc are found in connection with lead, which is abundant. The AVisconsin R. flows along the N. border. The Milwaukee & St Paul R. R. intersects the co. in the same direction. Dodgeville is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 760,166 bush.; rye, 4,408 bnsli.; Indian-corn, 705,792 bush.; oat-s, 803,951 bush.; Irish pot's, 145,141 bush.; butter, 547,388 lbs.; hay, 38,054 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,222,321. Total, estimated, value of all farm protluctions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,333,720. Value of manufactures, $948,228. Iowa Centre, p. v. in Story co., Iowa, 6 mis. S. of Nevada Pop., 248. Iowa City, p. V. in Placer co., Cal., 4 mis. E. of Colfax. Iowa City, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 8,0:)4. *Iowa City, city and the co. seat of Johnson CO., Iowa, on tlie Chicago, Rock Island & Pa- cific R. R., 54 mis. W. of Davenport and 120 mis. E. of Des Moines. It is beautifully situ- ated on high bluff's of the Iowa R., which is navigable to this point. The city contains the State University. Pop., 5,914. Seven news- papers. Iowa City, p. o. in Crawford co., Kans. *Ioiva Falls, p. V. in Hardin co., Iowa, on the Iowa R. and on the Iowa Division of the lUi- noi.s Central R. R., 12 mis. W. of Ackley. It is one of the prettiest towns of the state. One newsi)aper. Iowa I>ake, p. o. in Emmett co., Iowa. Iowa Point, p. v. in Doniphan co., Kans., on the Missouri R. and the Atchison & Nebraska R. R., 31 mis. from Atchison. Pop., 242. Iowa Slongli, p. o. in Coos CO., Oreg. lowaville, v. in Van Buren co., Iowa, on the Des Moines R. It is surrounded by a rich ag- ricultural district. Ipava, p. V. in Fulton co.. 111., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 14 mis. S. W. of Canton. Pop., .568. Ipswich, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 3,720. Ipswich, p. V. in the above tn., on both sides of the Ipswich R., 3]^ mis. above its mouth, and on the Eastern li. R., 25 mis. N. N. E. ot Boston. It has an excellent female seminary, grammar school and high school, and has boot and shoe, woollen and hosiery manufac- tories One newspaper. Ipswich River, in Essex co., Mass.; empties into Ipswich B., and affords good water- power. Ira, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 1,580. Ira, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 2J)14. Ira, p. V. in the above tn., 14 mis. N. of Weeds- port. Ira, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 413. Ira, 1). o. in the above tn. Irasbarg'h, tn. in Orleans CO., Vt. Pop., 1,085. Irasbur^h, p. v. and the co. seat of Orleans CO., Vt., on Black R., 4 mis. W. of Barton Land- ing. Has iron foundries. Ira Station, p. o. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Irby ville, p. o. In Fulton co., Ga. Iredell, co. in N. C, W. part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., 16,931 ; in 1860, 15,347. The surface is hilly and the soil good. The Catawba R. forms part of the W. boundary, and the South Yadkin R. intersects the N. part from W. to E. The Western R. R. passes through the central part in the same direction. Statesville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 67,687 hush.; rye, 2,680 bush.; Indian-corn, 315,- 28 972 bush.; oats, 108,657 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,552 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,357 bush.; tobacco, 67,071 lbs.; butter, 86,058 lbs.; hay, 1,427 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,434,977. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $745,445. Value of manu- factures, $175,300. Iredell, p. o. in Bosque co., Tex. Ireland, p. v. in Dubois co., Ind., 4 mis. N. W. of .Jasper. Ireland, p. o. in Hampden co., Mass. Ireland, p. o. in Lewis co., W. Va. Ireland Hill, p. o. in Marion co., Ala. Ireland^ Mills, p. o. in Chenango co., N. Y. Irene, p. o. in Sioux co., Iowa. Irene, p. o. in Mechlenburgh co., N. C. Irisbur^^h, p. o. in Henry co., Va. Irish Corner, tn. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Pop., 840. Irish Grove, p. v. in Atchison co.. Mo., 6 mis. from Corning. Irish Ridg-e, p. o. in Monroe co., Ohio. Irish Ripple, p. o. in Lawrence co., Pa. Irishtown, p. o. in Mercer co., Pa. Iron, CO. in Mo., S. E. part. Area about 600 sq. nils. Pop., 6,278; in 1860,5,842. It is drained by a number of small creeks, tributaries of the St. Francis and Black Rs. The surface is broken and hilly and generally covered with forests. The co. abounds in minerals. Lead, nickel, gold and platinum art; said to have been discovered. Decomposed feldspar or "Kaolin," of which Chinaware is made, gran- ite and marble, occur in large quantities. The chief mineral production, however, is iron. The famous Pilot Knob, Iron Mt., Shepherd Mt. and other hills, consist almost entirely of the very best iron ore. The St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R. intersects the co. from N. to S. Ironton is the co. seat. Agr. productioua in 1870: Wheat, 12,221 bush.; rye, 651 bush.; Indian-corn, 90,385 bush.; oats, 28,141 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,137 bush.; sweet pot's, 548 bush.; butter, 3,700 lbs.; hay, 1,192 tons. Cash value of farms, $580,870. Total, estimated, value ot all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $171,090. Value of manufactures, $1.35,006. Iron, tn. in St. Francois co.. Mo. Pop., 2,555. Iron, tn. in Iron co., Mo. Pop., 1,118. Iron, p. o. in Johnson co., Tenn. Iron, CO. in Utah Ter., S. part. Pop., 2,277 ; in 1860, 1,010. It extends through the entire breadth of the territory, and from 37^° to 3S= N. lat. The Colorado of the West flows through the E. part. The W. includes a portion of the Wahsatch Mts., which inclose the fertile valleys of the Sevier R. and of the tributaries of Beaver R. Parowan is the co. seat. Agr. productions In 1870 : Wheat, 8,917 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,857 bush.; oats, 350 bush.; Irish pot's, 21,276 bush.; butter, 21,355 lbs.; hay, 736 tons. Cash value of farms, $32,781. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $75,968. Value of manufactures, $102,414. Irona, p. o. in Clinton co., N. Y. Iron City, p. o. in Iron co., Utah Ter. Irondale, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ala. *Irondale, p. v. in Washington co., Mo., on, the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 9 mis. S. of Mineral Point. Irondale, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Irondale, p. v. in Jefferson co., Ohio, on the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., dO]4 mis. W. ot Beaver, Pa. Pop., 751 Irondeqnoit, tn. in Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 3,990. Iron Furnace, p. v. in Scioto co., Ohio, on the Portsmouth Branch R. R., 18 mis. E. N. E. ot Portsmouth. Iron Hills, p. o. in .Jackson co., Iowa. Ironia, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. Iron Monntain, p. v. in St. Francois co.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. B., 6 mis. IRON MOUNTAIN. 434 ISADOEA. S. of Bismarck. The vicinity abonnds In ex- cellent iron ore. Pop., 2,018. Iron Mountain, p. o. In Rusk CO., Tex. Iron Mountain, p. o. in Laramie cc, Wyo., Ter. Iron Point, tn. in Izard CO., Ark. Pop., 290. Iron Point, p. o. in Perry CO., Ohio. Iron Ri<1s:c, p. o. in Crawford CO., Mo. Iron Ridg'C, p. v. in Dodj^e co.. Wis., on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 7 mis. 8. E. of Horicon. The vicinity is rich in iron ore, and there liavcbeen erected extensive iron works. Iron Rod, p. o. in Madison co., Mont. Ter. Iron Station, p. o. in Lincoln co., N. C. Ironton, v. in Jctferson co., Ala., on the Louis- ville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 89 mts. N. of Montgomerj^ and G mis. S. of Birm- ingham. The vicinity abounds in excellent iron ore. Pop. about 400. •Ironton, p. v. and the co. seat of Iron co., Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 16 mis. S. of Bismarck and 91 mis. S. of St. Louis. Two mis. N. of Ironton is Pilot Knob, a hill several hundred feet high and consist- ing almost entirely of iron ore. Pop., 573. Three newspapers. *Ironton, citj^ and the co. seat of Lawrence CO., (Jhio, on the Ohio R., 154 mis. below Ma- rietta and 145 mis above Cincinnati. The hills surrounding the city are rich in iron ore, "which is reduced in numerous furnaces. Pop., 5,686; in 1860, 3,691. Four newspapers. Ironton, p. v. in Lehigh co.. Pa., 8 mis. N. W. of Allentown. Ironton, p. o. in Taylor co., W. Va. Ironton, v. in Ashland co.. Wis., on Lake Su- perior, 24 mis. K. of Ashland. Ironton, tn. in Satik co.. Wis. Pop., 1,245. *Ironton, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. W. of Reedsburg. Ironville, p. o. in Perry co., Ala. Ironville, p. o. in Lucas co., O'lio. IronwootI, p. o. in Liberty CO., Texas. Iroquois, co. in 111. E. part. Area, 1,450 sq. mis. Pop., 25,782 ; in 1860, 12,325. The surface is level and low ; the soil is fertile and especial- ly adapted to grain growing. The Iroquois R. runs W. and N. through the co., and drains it, with several tributaries. The Illinois Central R. R., Chicago, Danville & Vincennes R. R., pass through from N. to S., the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R. from E. to W., and the Gil- man, Clinton & Springfield R. R. from S. W. to N. E. Watseka is tlie co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 67,640 bush.; rye, 23,259 bush.; Indian-corn, 799,810 bush.; oats, 430,746 hush.; Irish pot's, 87,127 bush.; sweel pot's, 654 bush.; butter, 358,672 lbs.; hay, 63,947 tons. Cash value of fiirms, $11,932,462. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,578,845. Value of manufactures, $804,057. Iroquois, tn. in Iroquois co., 111. Pop., 679. Iroquois, p. v. in the above tn., on the Iro- quois R., 5 mis. E. N. E. of Watseca. Iroquois, tn. in Newton eo., Ind. Pop. 619. Iroquois River, a tributaiy of the Kankakee R.; rises in west Ind. and flows through Iro- quois and Kankakee cos., 111. Irvin, tn. in Howard co., Ind. Pop., 1,316. Irvine, p. v. and the co. seat of Estill co., Ky.," on the Kentucky R., 70 mis. S. E. of Frank- ford and 13 mis. from Richmond. Pop., 224. Irvi'ne, or Irvineton, p. v. in Warren co.. Pa., at tlie junction of Brokenstraw Cr. with -the Alleghany R., and on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 5 mis. W. of Warren. It is the N. E. terminus of the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R. Pop. about 200. Irving, tn. In Montgomery co., 111. Pop., 1,.591. Irving, p. V. in the above tn., on the Indianapo- lis & St. Louis R. R., 6 mis. N. E. of Hills- borough. Pop. 751. »lrvlns, p. V. in Marshall CO., Kans., on the Big Blue R. and on the Union Pacific R. R., 17 mis. W. of Lanesburgh. One newspaper. Irving', V. in Pendleton co., Ky. Irving, tn. in Barry CO., Mich. Pop., 1,^8. Irving, p. V. in the above tn., on the Grand River V alley R. R., 8 mis., N. W. of Hastings. Irving, tn. in Monongalia co., Minn. Pop., 276. Irving, p. V. in Kandivohi co., Minn., on Green Lake, 20 mis. W. by N. of Forest City. Irving, p. V. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on Lake Erie and the Buffalo & Erie R. R., 11 mis. N^. E. of Dunkirk. Pop., 355. Irving, tn. in Jackson co., Wis. Pop., 82S. Irving, p. V. in the above tn., on Black R., 8 mis. below Black River Falls. Irving College, p. o. in Warren co., Tenn. Irving Park, p. o. in Coolc co., 111. Irvingsviile, v. in Franklin co.,Mass. Irvington, p. v. in Washington co.,Ill., on the Illinois Central R. R., 5 mis. S. of Centralia. Irvington, tn. in Kossuth co., Iowa. Pop., 605. Irvington, p. v. in the above tn., on the East Fork of the Des Moines R., 7 mis. below Al- gona. Irvington, p. v. in Essex co., N. J., 5 mis. N. W. of Orange. Irvington, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the Hudson R., opposite Piermont, with which it is connected by a ferrv, and on the Hudson River R. R., 25 nils. N. of New York. Irvington, p. o. in Chesterfleld district, S. C. Irwin, CO. in Ga., S. central part. Area, 612 sq. mis. Pop., 1,837; in 1860, 1,699. It is bounded on the N. E. by the Ocmulgee R., and inter- sected by the Allapaha R. and Willocoochee Cr. The Satilla R. rises in the eastern part of the CO. The surface is level and the soil pro- ductive. Irwinville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 05 bush.; Indian- corn, 27,875 bush.; oats, 15,165 bush.; sweet pot's, 23,220 bush.; cotton, 15;^ bales; butter, 2,671 lbs. Cash value of farms, $73,829. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $114,417. Irwin, p. o. in Audubon co., Iowa. Irwin, tn. in Brown co., Kans. Pop., 2,300. Irwin, p. V. in Union co., Ohio, 5 mis. by rail- road S. of Milford Centre. Irwin, tn. in Venango CO., Pa. Pop., 1,489. Irwin's Cross Roads, p. o. in Washington CO., Ga. *Irwin's Station,p.bor. in Westmoreland co., Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 9^ mis. W. of Greensbiirgh. Pop., 833. Irwinton, p. v. and the co. seat of Wilkinson CO., Ga., 3 mis. from Mclntire. Pop., 241. Irwinville, p. v. and the co. seat of Irwin co., (ia., 35 mis. from Chauncey. Isaac's Camp, p. o. in Doddridge co., W. Va. Isabel, p. o. in Edgar co.. 111. Isabel, tn. in Fulton co., 111. Pop., 715. Isabella, ]■>. v. and the co. seat of Wortli co., Ga., on the Brunswick & Albany R. R., 151 mis. W, of Brunswick and 20 mis. E. of Albany. Pop., 54. Isabella, co. in Mich., central part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 4,113 ; in 1860, 1,443. The surface is level or undulating ; the soil moderately fertile. It is drained by Chippewa R. and its tributaries. Mt. Pleasant is the co. seat. Agr productions in 1870: Wheat, 27,786 bush.; rye, 705 bush.; Indian-corn, 18,984 bush.; oats, 21,382 bush.; Irish pot's, 39,001 bush.; wool, 6,.346 lbs.; butter, 87,854 lbs.; hay, 4,268 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,086,190. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2()9,502. Value of manufactures, $70,370. Isabella, tn. in Isabella co., Mich. Pop., 36. Isabella, p. o. in Ozark co.. Mo. Isabella, p. o. in Chester CO., Pa. Isadora, p. v. in Worth co., Mo., 50 mis. S. cl Afton, Iowa. ISANTI. 435 ITHACA. Isanti, CO. in Minn,, E. part. Area, 550 sq. nils. Pop., 2,035 ; in 1860, 284. The surface is toler- ably level and the soil quite good. It is inter- sected bv Rum R., and also watered by a branch of the same. The co. contains a num- ber of small lakes. Oxford is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 16,025 bush.; rye, 2,523 bush.; Indian-corn, 8,699 bush.; oats, 11,860 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,544 bush.; butter, 58,331 lbs.; hay, 5,432 tons. Cash value of farms, $225,751." Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$95,477. Value of manufactures, $15,400. Isanti, tn. in Isanti CO., Minn. Pop., 458. If^antl, p. V. in the abbve tn., 22 mis. N. of Anoka. Isclina, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop. ,872. Ischna, p. o. in the above tn. Ischua Creek, a tributary of the Alleghany R., in Cattaraugus Co., K. Y. Istapeming, tn. in Marquette co., Mich. Pop., 6,103. ^Ishitemin^, p. v. in the above tn., on the Peninsula Division of the Chicago & North- western R. R. Is the center o& a rich coal- producing district ; mostly settled by Scandi- navians. One newspaper. Isinonrs, p. v. in Fillmore co., Mhni.. on the Southern Minnesota R. R., 57 mis. from La Crosse. Island, tn. in Desha CO., Ark. Pop., 400. Island, p. o. in Neosho co., Kans. Island, p. o. in Clinton co.. Pa. Island, CO. in AVash. Ter., N. part. Pop., 626 ; in IsHO, 294. This oo. includes the islands Whidby and Camano, lying at the northern entrance of Paget Sound. Wliidl.)y's Island is bounded on the W. bv Admii-alty Inlet and on the E. by Saratoga ^Passage. Camano Isl- and lies between this passage and Port Susan. They are covered with extensive forests. Coveland is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: M' heat, 3,271 bush.; rye, 960 bush.; oats, 4,858 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,043 bush.; butter, 11,- 395 lbs.; hay, 1,942 tons. Cash value of farms, $194,020. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., i3i79.318. Value of manufactures, $152,107. Island €ity, p. o. in Owsley co.. Ivy. Island I'ity, p. o. in Uentrv co., Mb. Island Creek, tn. in Jeiferson co., Ohio. Pop., 1,626. Island Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Island Falls, p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me. Island Grove, tn. in Sangamon co.. 111. Pop., 1,069. Island Grove, p. o. in Emmett co., Iowa. 'J'^Island l''ond, p. v. in Essex co., Vt., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 149 mis. N. W. of Port- land and 143 mis. S. E. of Montreal. It owes its settlement and growth to the railroad, and consists chii.'fly of the depot, hotels and other establis)iments of the company, and a United States custom house. Islands, tn. in Accomack co., Va. Pop., 1,122. Island Station, p. o. in Arapahoe co., Colo. Ter. Island Station, p. o. in McLean co., Ky. Island 53, )i. o. in Tipton co., Tenn. Isleborougli, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 1,2.30. Isle La Motte, tn. in Grand Isle co.,Vt. Pop., 497. Isle lia Motte, p. v. in the above tn., on an island in Lake Champlain, bearing the same name. It Is 8 mis. S. of Alburgh. Isle of Wight, CO. in Va., S. E. part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop., 8,320 ; in 1860, 9,977. The James K. forms the north-eastern bound- ary, Laws Cr. part of the north-western, Brewers Cr. part of the eastern, and Black- water R. the western. The surface is general- ly low and level, and the soil mooralely fer- tile. Some parts of the CO. are swampy. Isle of Wight is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,449 bush.; Indian-corn, 100,733 bush.; oats, 17,823 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,957 bush.; sweet pot's, 30,4U bush.; hay, 1,312 tons. Cash value of farms, .$1,14.5,148. " Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- eluding additions to stock, etc., $373,989. Value of manufactures, $140,92.5. Isle of Wight, p. o. in Isle of Wight CO.. Va. Isle Royal, an island in Lake Superior, form- ing a portion of Houghton co., Mich.; is 45 mis. long and from 8 lo 12 mis. wide. Its shores are deeply indented by inlets, and the scenery is highly picturesque. Mineral treasures are abundant. The most important of the Ave harbors of the island is that of Siskowitt B., on which a small settlement is situated. Islesborough, p. o. in Hocking co., Ohio. Islip, tn. in Suffolk co., N. Y. Pop., 4,597. Islip, p. V. in the above tn., on Great South B. of the southern coast ot Long Island and on the South Side R. R., 20}^ mis. E. S. E. of Hieksville. Pop., 1,200. Isola, p. o. in Martin co., Ind. Israel, tn. in Preble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,751. Issaquena, co. in Miss., AV. part. Area about 580 sq. mis. Pop., 6,887 ; in 18(50, 7,831. The co. extends from the Sun Flower aiul Yazoo Rs. on the E. to the Mississippi R. on the W., and consists throughout of low alluvial bottom- lands, possessing a soil of the greatest fertil- ity. Many parts of the CO. are swampy. Tal- lu'la is the co. seat. Agr. productions "in 1870 : Indian-corn, 82,825 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,105 bush.; cotton, 15,821 bales. Cash value of farms, $1,723,230. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,027,590. Value of manufactures, $27,080. I<3. Jackson, tn. in Brown co., Ind. Pop., 1,750. Jackson, tn. in Carroll co , Iml. Pop., 1,301. Jackson, tn. in Cass co., Ind. Pop., \,bl9. Jackson, tn. in Clay co., Ind. Poj)., 1,711. Jackson, tn. in Clinton co., Ind. Pop., 3,032. Jackson, tn. in DL'ai'born co., Ind. Pop., I.SI. Jackson, tn. in Decatur co., Ind. Pop., 1,746. Jackson, tn. in De Kalb co., Ind. Pop., 1,141. Jackson, tn. in Ellchart co., Ind. Pop., 1,2S0. Jackson, tn. in Fayette co., Ind. Pop., J, 037. Jackson, tn. in Fountain co., Ind. Pop.. 1,321. Jackson, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., 1,9(59. Jackson, tn.iu Hamilton co., Ind. Pop., 3,724. Jackson, tn. in Hancock co., Ind. Pop., 1,849. Jackson, tn. in Harrison co., Ind. Pop., 1,400. Jackson, tn. in Howard co., Ind. Pop., 1,000. Jackson, tn. in Huntington co., Ind. Pop., 2,257. Jackson, tn. in Jackson co., Ind. Pop., 1,137. Jackson, tn. in Jay co., Ind. Pop., 9S9. Jackson, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 1,043. Jackson, tn. in Madison co., Ind. Pop., 1,344. Jackson, tn. in Miami co., Ind. Pop., 1,645. Jackson, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 1,723. Jackson, tn. in Newton co., Ind. Pop., 766. Jackson, tn. in Orange co., Ind. Pop., 1,148. Jackson, tn. in Owen CO., Ind. Pop., 757. Jackson, tn. in Porter co., Ind. Pop., 1,072. Jackson, tn. in Putnam co., Ind. Pop., 1,498. Jackson, tn. in Randolph co., Ind. Pop., 1,319. Jackson, tn. in Rii)ley co., Ind. Pop., 1,401. Jackson, tn. m Rush co., Ind. Pop., 770. Jackson, tn. in Shelby co., Ind. Pop., 1,305. Jackson, tn. in Spencer co., Ind. Pop., 926. Jackson, tn. in Starke CO., Ind. Po))., 125. Jackson, tn. in Steuben CO., Ind. Pop., 1,122. Jackson, tn. in Sullivan co., Ind. Pop., 1,732. Jackson, tn. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Pop., 1,081. Jackson, tn. in Washington co., Ind. Pop., 779. Jackson, tn. in Wayne co., Ind. Pop., 4,949. Jackson, tn. in AVells co., Ind. Pop., 1,140. Jackson, tn. in White co., Ind. Pop., 1,358. Jackson, co. in Iowa, E. part. Area, 6150 sq. mis. Pop., 22,619 ; in 1860, 18,493. The surface is diversitied ; the soil very fertile and well cultivated. The Mississippi R. separates it on the E. from Illinois, flowing in a deep valley, and Maquoketa R. which, with it afflu- ents, "drains the CO. The Iowa Midland R. It., and the Davenport & St. Paul R. R. intersect the southern part of the co. Andrew is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 429,- 515 bush.; rye, 3,758 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,485,- 250 busli.; oats, 807,511 bush.; Irish pot's, 168,701 bush.; wool, 42,060 lbs.; butter, 724,366 lbs.; hay, 33,742 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,021,360. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,017,572. Value of manufactures, $1,412,703. Jackson, tn. in Adair co., Iowa. Pop., 339. Jackson, p. o. in the above tn. Jackson, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 963. Jackson, tn. in Boone co., Iowa. Pop., 798. Jackson, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 1,131. Jackson, tn. in Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 569. Jackson, tn. in Calhoun co., Iowa. Pop., 367. Jackson, tn. in Clarke co., Iowa. Pop., 798. Jackson, tn. in Crawford co., Iowa. Pop., 246. Jackson, tn. in Des Moines co., Iowa. Pop., 103. Jackson, tn. in Guthrie co., Iowa. Pop., 875. Jackson, tn. in Hardin Co., Iowa. Pop., 867. Jackson, tn. in Harrison CO., Iowa. Pop., 206. Jackson, tn. in Henry co., Iowa. Pop., 1,2(52. Jackson, tn. in Jack.son co., Iowa. Pop., 862. .Tackson, tn. in Jones co., Iowa. Pop., 899. Jackson, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,528. Jackson, tn. in Lee eo., Iowa. Pop., 1 460. Jackson, tn. in Linn co., Iowa. Pop., 996. Jaeksttn, tn. in Lucas co., Iowa. Pop., 460. Jackson, tn. in Jladison co., Iowa. Pop., 534, .Tackson, tn. in Monroe co., Iowa. Pop., 942. Jackson, tn. in Montgomery co., Iowa. Pop., 1,109. Jackson, tn. in Poweshiek co., Iowa. Pop. 1,629. Jackson, tn. in Sac co., Iowa. Pop., 469. Jackson, tn. in Sliclbj' co., Iowa. Pop., 486. .Tackson, tn. in Taylor co., Iowa. Pop., 351. Jackson, tn. in Van Buren co., Iowa. Pop., 1,292. Jackson, tn. in Warren co., Iowa. Pop., 639. Jackson, tn. in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 879. Jackson, tn. in Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 336. Jackson, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 380. Jackson, tn. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 668. Jackson, co. in Ivans., N. E. part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 6,053 ; in 1860, 1,936. The soil is fertile, and drained by several creeks, which flow into the Kansas R. The Central Branch of tlie Union Pacific R. R. touches the N. E. corner. Hollon is the eo. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 51,583 bush.; rye, 1,460 bush.; Indian-corn, 486,940 bush.; oats, 137,894 bush.; Irisli pot's, 52,497 bush.; sweet pot's, 575 bush.; butter, 145,698 lbs.; hay, 16,273 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,386,640. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $641,441. 'value of manufactures, $62,170. Jackson, tn. in Anderson co., Kans. Pop.. 539. Jackson, tn. in Lyon co., Kans. Pop., 1,079. Jackson, tn. in liiley co., Kans. Pop., 1,249. Jackson, co. in Ky., S. K. central part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 4,547 ; in 1860,3,087. The surface is rolling and the soil moderately productive. The southern boundary is formed by the South Fork of the Rockcastle R., and the co. is drained by its alHuents. McKee is the co. seat. Agi-. productions iu 1870: Wheat, 4,537 bush.; rye, 650 bush.; In- dian-corn, 137,181 bush.; oats, 14,361 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,141 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,741 bnsh.; butter, 51,540 lbs.; hay, 366 tons. Cash valiie of farms, $305,815. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $205,430. Value of man- ufactures, $19,850. Jackson, p. v. and the co. seat of Breathitt CO., Ky., 56 mis. N. E. of Grayson. Pop., 54. Jackson, parish in La., N. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 7,646; in 1860, 9,46.3. The surface is uneven; the soil moderately fertile. It is drained by affluents of Little R. The Texas Pacific R. R. intei-seets the N. part from. E. to W. Vernon is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 132,224 bush.; Irish pot's, 801 bush.; sweet pot's, 29,603 bush.; cotton, 4,097 bales ; butter, 18,759 lbs. Casli value of farms, $225,414. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $584,569. Value of manu- factures, .$25,198. ^Jackson, p. v. in East Feliciana parish. La., 13 mis. from St. Fraucisville. Pop., 934. One newspaper. Jackson, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 707. Jackson, p. v. iu the above tn., 4 mis. N. of Brooks. Jackson, co. in Mich., S. central part. Area, 650 sq. mis. Pop., 36,047 ; in 1860, 26,671. The surface is generally level ; the soil very rich and under good cultivation. Grand R. inter- sects the N. part from E. to W. The Michigan Central R. R. runs along its bauks. Jackson JACKSON. 439 JACKSON. is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 825,405 hush.; rye, 2,959 hush.; Indian- corn, 759,146 busli.; oats, 239,021 husli.; Irish pot's, 401,558 bush.; wool, 661,238 lbs.; butter, 1,021,831 llJS.; hay, 62,090 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,324,020. Total, estimated, value of hU farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,593,297. Value of manufactures, $;i,880. *" Jackson, city and the co. seat of the above CO., on the Grand R. and at the intersection of the Michigan Central R. II., the Jlichigan Southern R. R., the Fort Wayne, Jackson & Saginaw R. R. and the Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. R., 76 mis. VV. of Detroit and 208 mis. E. of Cliicago. The river atfords ample water-power, which is employed in numerous mills and manufacturing establishments. It has a female seminary and contains the State Penitentiary. Pop., 11,447 ; in 1860, 4,799. Six newspapers. Jackson, co. in Minn., S. W. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 1,825; in 1860, 181. The surface is uneven and the soil good. Iowa forms the S. boundary. The West Fork of the Des Moines R. intersects the E. part fi-om N. to S. Heron Lake is in the N. part. The Minne- sota Valley R. R. passes through the co. Jack- son is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 24,150 bush.; rye, 10 bush.; Indian-corn, 6,405busl3.; oats, 24,360 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,637 bush.; butter, 35,510 lbs.; hay, 4,263 tons. Cash value of farms, $261,815. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $90,650. Value of manu- factures, $24,000. 'Jackson, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on the West Fork of the Des Moines R., about 50 mis. S. W. of South Bend. A place of growing importance. One newspaper. lackson, co. in Miss., forming the S. E. ex- tremity of the state. Area about 880 sq. mis. Pop., 4,362 ; in 1860, 4,122. It borders in the S. on Mississippi Sound, and is intersected by the Pascagoula R. and its tributary, the Esca- tawpa R. The surface is low and the soil sandy and but moderately productive. Amer- cus is the co. seat. Agr. "productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 5,377 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,460 bush.; butter, 500 lbs.; hay, 68tons. Cash value of farms, $21,010. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $55,537. Value of manufactures, $406,280. * Jack son, city and the co. seat of Hinds co., anil the capital of Miss., on the Pearl R. and at the intersection of the New Orleans, Jack- son & Great Northern R. R. with the Vicks- burg & Meridian R. R., 90 mis. W. of Meridian and 45 mis. E. of Vicksburg. It contains the government buildings, the Penitentiary and the State Lunatic Asylum. Large quantities of cotton are shiuped here. The surrounding country is level and highly productive. Pop., 4,234 ; in 1860, 3,199. Eight newspapers. Jackson, CO. in Mo., W. part. Pop., 55,041 ; in 1860, 22,913. It borders in the N. on the Mis- souri R. and in the W. on Ivans. The surface is gently rolling and comprises timber-lands and prairies. The climate and the very pro- ductive soil render it an attractive agricultu- ral region. It is drained by the Big and Lit- tle Blue Rs,,the Big Sinabar R. and other tribu- taries of the Missouri, and is intersected by the Missouri Pacific R. R. Independence is the CO seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 312,084 bush. ;rye,4,535 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,504,- 439busli.; oats, 173,229 bush.; Irish pot's, 91,419 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,724 bush.; tobacco, 70,312 lbs.; butter, 237,623 lbs.; hay, 2,373 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,349,680. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,615,999. Value of manufactures, $6,197,182. Jackson, p. v. and the co. seat of Cape Girard- eaxi CO., Mo., 12 mis. N. B. of Whitewater and 10 mis. N. W. of Cape Girardeau. Pop., 459. One newspaper, Jackson, tn. in Andrew co,. Mo. Pop., 2,401. Jackson, tn. in Buchanan eo., Mo. Pop., 890. Jackson, tn. in Camden co.. Mo. Pop., 810. Jackson, tn. in Carter co., Mo. Pop., 695. Jackson, tn. in Clarke co.. Mo. Pop., 1,472. Jackson, tn. in Clinton co.. Mo. Pop., 1,752. Jackson, tn. in Dallas co.. Mo. Pop., 1,432. Jackson, tn. in Daviess co.. Mo. Pop., 1,059, Jackson, tn. in Douglas co.. Mo. Pop., 330. Jackson, tn. in Gentry co.. Mo. Pop., 1,037. Jackson, tn. in Greene co.. Mo. Pop., 1,7.59. Jackson, tn. in Jasper co., Mo. Pop., 1,2.38. Jackson, tn. in Linn co.. Mo. Pop., 948. •Taekson, tn. in Livingston co.. Mo. Pop., 2,603. Jackson, tn. in ]Macon co., Mo. Pop., 1,755. Jackson, tn. in Maries co.. Mo. Pop., 1,419. Jackson, tn. in Monroe co.. Mo. Pop., 4,3f»9. Jackson, tn. in Nodaway co., Mo. Pop., 895. .Taekson, tn, in Osage co.. Mo. Pop., 1,104. Jackson, tn. in Ozarlv co., Mo. Pop., 353. Jackson, tn. in Polk co.. Mo. Pop., 1,483. Jackson, tn. in Putnam co.. Mo. Pop., 799. Jackson, tn. in Randolph co.. Mo. Pop., 1,175. Jackson, tn. in Reynolds co.. Mo. Pop., 327. Jackson, tn. in Shannon co., Mo. Pop., 370. Jackson, tn. in Shelby co., Mo. Pop., 1,416. Jackson, tn. in Sullivan co.. Mo. Pop., 902. Jackson, tn. in Texas co.. Mo. Pop., 537. Jackson, co. in Nebr., S. W. part. Area, 1,152 sq. mis. Pop., 9. It is drained by the Repub- lican Fork of the Kansas R. The surface is level or undulating and consists of prairie land. The soil is moderately productive, but the climate is dry. Jackson, p. v. in Dakota co., Nebr,, 8 mis. W. of Dakota. Jackson, tn. in Carroll co., N. H. Pop., 474. Jackson, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. of Conway. Jacksoii, tn. in Ocean co., N. J, Pop., 1,755. Jackson, p. v. and the co. seat of Northamp- ton CO., N. C, 13 mis. E. S. E. of Weldon and 8 mis. S. of Seaboard. Pop., 181. Jackson, co. in N. C, S. W. part. Area, 800 sq. mis. Pop., 6,683; in 1860, .5,515. It includes the source streams of the Tuckaseegee R., a tributary of the Little Tennessee, and is sur- rounded by lofty mountain ranges. The Blue Ridge forms the south-eastern boundary, the Balsam Mts. the north-eastern, and the Cowee Mts. the south-western. The co. is well adap- ted to stock raising. Webster is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 13,.560 biish.; rye, 9,187 bush.; Indian-corn, 150,0.50 bush.; oats, 10,668 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,235 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,116 hush.; tobacco, 11,697 lbs.; butter, 61,032 lbs.; hay, 283 tons. Cash value of farms, $415,733. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $308,737, Value of manufactures, $14,520. Jackson, tn. in Washington eo., N, Y. Pop., 1,662. Jackson, co. in Ohio, S. part. Area, 378 sq. mis. Pop., 21,759 ; in 1860, 17,914. It is watered by the Little Scioto R. and by Salt and Symms' Crs. The surface is rather hilly and thv soil usually productive. This co. abounds in minerals. The Marietta & Cincinnati R. R. passes through the central part. Jackson is the CO. seat, Agr, productions in 1870 : Wheat, 90,127 bush.; rye, 1,718 bush.; Indian-corn, 469,- 920 bush.; oats, 119,534 bush.; Irish pot's, 53,637 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,565 bush.; butter, 390,898 lbs.; hay, 15,879 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,030,41.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,206,387. Value of manufactures, $1,680,- 665. ^Jackson, p. v. and the co. seat of Jackson CO., Ohio, on the Portsmouth Branch of tho Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 44 mis. N. of JACKSON. 440 JACKSON CENTRE. Portsmouth and 12 mis. S. W. of Hamden. It contains iron furnaces. Pop., 2,016. Two newspapers. Jackson, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop., 1,808. Jackson, tii. in Ashland co., Ohio. Pop., 1,409. Jackson, tn. in Brown co., Ohio. Pop., 995. Jackson, tn. in Champaign co., Ohio. Pop., l.v^l. Jackson, tn. in Clermont CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,658. Jackson, tn. in Coshocton eo., Ohio. Pop., l.T'iT. Jackson, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 4,021. Jackson, tn. in Durke co., Ohio. Pop., 2,088. .Tackson, tn. in Fianklin co.,Ohio. Pop., 1,923. Jackson, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 8G7. .Tackson, tn. in Hancock co., Oliio. Pop., 1,209. Jackson, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop,, 1,412. Jackson, tn. in Highland co.. Oliio. Pop., 905. .Tackson, tn. in Jackson co., Ohio. Pop., 1,.532. Ja<;kson, tn. in Montgomery co., Ohio. Pop., 2,171). Jackson, tn. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,190. Jackson, tn. in Muskingum CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,174. Jackson, tn. in Paulding co., Ohio. Pop., 556. Jackson, tn. in Perry cd, Ohio. Pop., 1,539. Jackson, tn. in Pickaway co., Ohio. Pop., ],2(I2. ^ Jackson, tn. in Pike co., Ohio. Pop., 1,840. Jackson, tn. in Preble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,430. Jackson, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Pop., 737. .Tackson, tn. in llichland co., Ohio. Pop., 934. Jackson, tn. in Sandusky co., Ohio. Pop., I,3.i0. .Tackson, tn. in Seneca co., Ohio. Pop., 1,131. Jackson, tn. in Shelby co., Ohio. Pop., l,4(il. Jackson, tn. in Stark co., Ohio. Pop., 1,61U. .Tackson, tn. in Union co., Ohio. Pop., 935. Jackson, tn. in Vinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,294. Jackson, v. in Wayne co., Ohio. Jackson, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 347. Jackson, tn. in AVyandot co., Ohio. Pop., 771. Jackson, tn. in Auglaize co., Ohio. Pop., 1,.502. Jackson, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 909. Jackson, tn. in Monroe co., Oliio. Pop., 1,354. Jackson, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 818. Jackson, co. in Oreg., S. part. Pop., 4,778; in 1860. 3,7.36. It bor., 624. Jackson, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 542. Jackson, tn. in Monroe eo.. Pa. Pop., S51. Jackson, tn. in Northumberland co.. Pa. Pop., 886. Jackson, tn. In Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 1,103. Jackson, tn. In Potter co.. Pa. Pop., 49. .Tackson, tn. in Tioga co.. Pa. Pop., 1,531. Jackson, tn. in Venango co.. Pa. Pop., 9.'-'4. Jackson, tn. in Snj'der co., Pa. Pop., 712. Jackson, tn. in York co., Pa. Pop., 1,499. Jackson, co. in Tenn., K. part. Ai-ea, 610 so. mis. Pop., 12,583 ; in 1860, 11,725. The surface Is rolling; the soil is quite fertile. Ky. bounds this CO. on the N. The Cumberland" R. inter- sects it, and is navigable by steamboats throughout the co. Gainesborough is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, .3.3,046 bush.; rj'c, 4,160 bush.; Indian-corn, 5:^0,276 bush.; oats, 51,314 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,847 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,863 bush.; tobacco, 713,- .578 lbs.; butter, 88,.542 lbs.; hay, 4,213 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,075,086. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $631,496. Value of manufactures, $73,972. ^Jackson, p. v. and the co. seat of Madison CO., Tenn., on the South Fork of Forked Deer R. and at the intersection of the Mobile & Ohio R. II. with the Central Mississippi R. R., 19 mis. S. of Humboldt and 29 mis. N. of Boli- var. Has machine shops and four newspa- pers. Pop., 4,119; in 1860, 1,479. Jackson, co. in Tex., S. E. part. Area, ,520 sq. nils. Pop., 2,278; in 1860, 2,612. The surface is level ; the soil fertile near the streams. Aren- oso Cr. forms the W. boundary, and Matagor- da B. part of the S. The Lavaca R. flows through the center of the co. and receives Navidad R. Texana is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 36.125 bush,; Irish pot's, 622 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,770 bush,; cotton, .595 bales ; hay, 25 tons. Cash value of farms, $152,613. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc.,$82,62;i. Jackson, tn. in Amelia CO., Va, Pop., 2,827. Jackson, tn. in Louisa CO., Va. Pop., 1,525. Jackson, p. o. in the above tn. Jackson, tu. in Rappahannock co., Va. Pop., 1,568. Jackson, co. in W. Va., W. part. Area, 405 sq. mis. Pop., 10,.300; in 1S60, 8,306. It is bounded on the N. W. by the Ohio R., and drained by Big Sandy Cr. and Big Mill Cr. The surface is broken and hilly; the soil fertile and well adapted to grazing. Ripley, or Jackson Court House, is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 59,845 bush.; rye, 3,587 bush.; In- dian-corn, 272,044 bush.; bats, 48,.524 bush.; Irish pot's, 50,379 bush.; sweet pot's, 357 bush.; butter, 87,052 lbs.; hay, 2,934 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,620,335. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $510,780. V^alue of manufactures, $239,716. Jackson, co. in Wis., W. part. Area, 1,200 sq. mis. Pop., 7,687 ; in 1860, 4,170. The surface is varied ; the soil good. Black R. intersects the central part, and its branches water the N. part of the co. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 211,954 bush.; rye, 8,359 bush.; Indian- corn, 68,547 bush.; oats, 271,066 bush.; Irish pot's, 38,718 bu.sh.; butter, 140,154 lbs.; hay. 6,893 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,181,810. Total, cstiniateil, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $485,144. Value of nianulacturc's, $497,8.50. Jackson, tn. in Adams co., AVis. Pop., 481. Jackson, tn. in Washington co.. Wis. JE*op., 1.978. Jackson, p. o. in the above tn. Jackson, v. in Monroe co.. Wis. Jacksonborong-ta, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, ol4 mis. \V. N. \V. of Muldletown. Pop., 627. Jaclksonboronj^Ii. p. v. in Colleton district, S. C, on the Savannah & Charleston R. R., 29 mis. from Charleston. Jackson Brook, p. o. in Washington co., Me. Jacksonbnrg^h, p. v. in Wayne co , lud., 6 mis. N. E. of Cambridge City. Pop., 109. Jacksonbnrg-h, v. in Herkimer CO., N. Y., 75 nils. N. W. of Albany. Jackson Centre, p. v. in Poiter co., Ind., 6 mis. frou\ Valparaiso. JACKSON CENTRE. 441 JAMES CITY. Jaclisoii Centre, p. v. in Shelby co., Oliio, 8 mis. N. of Port Jeflerson. Pop., 60. Jackson Creek, v. in Will co., 111., 48 mis. S. W. of Chicago. Jackson Corners, p. o. in Dutchess co., N.Y. Jackson Corners, p o. in Monroe co., Pa. Jackson Court House, p. o. of the v. of Rip- lej', the CO. seat of Jackson co., W. Va.,3-2mls. S.'of Parkershurg. Jackson Hall, p. v. In Franklin co., Pa., 5 mis. S. K. of Chambershurg:. Jaoksonhain, p. o. in Lancaster district, S. C. Jackson Hill, p. o. in Davidson co., X. C. ♦Jacksonport, p. v. and the co. seat of Jack- son CO., Ark., at the junction of White and Black Rs., 8-2 mis. K. E. of Little Rock and 73 mis. N. W. of Memphis, Tenn. The river is navigable to this point, and much cotton is shipped. Pop., 769. One newspaper. Jacksonport, tn. in Door co., Wis. Pop., 139. •Tacksonport, p. o. in the above tn. Jackson's Corners, p. o. in Sullivan co.. Mo. .Tackson's Creek, p. o. in Randolph co., N.C. Jackson's Ferry, p. o. in Wythe co., Ya. Jackson's Glass Works, v. in Camden co., N.J. Jackson's Mills, p. o. in Ocean co., N. J. Jackson's Springes, p. o. in Jackson co., N. 0. Jackson Station, p. v. in Tipton co., Ind., 3 mis. by railroad N. of Tipton. Jackson Station, p. o. in Daviess co.. Mo. Jackson's Store, p. o. in Conecuh co., Ala. Jacksontown, p. v. in Licking co., Ohio, 8 mis. by railroad S. of ^^e^vark. Pop., 432. Jackson Valley ,'p. o. in Susquehanna co., Pa. ♦Jacksonville, p. v. and the co. seat of Cal- houn CO., Ala., on the Tallasahatchce R. and on the Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R., 145 mis. N. W. of Selma; a resort for invalids, on ac- count of the mineral springs in the vicinity. Pop., 958. One newspaper. Jacksonville, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Ark. ♦Jacksonville, city and the co. seat of Duval CO., Fla., on the St. John R.; is the terminus of the Jacksonville, Pensacola & Mobile R. R., 20 mis. E. of Baldwin and 250 mis. E. of Tallahassee. It is the largest city in the state, and has numerous saw mills. The city is sub- stantially built and has many elegant resi- dences. A line of steamboats connects it witli Enterprise, Pilatka, Tocoi and St. Augustine. The climate of Jacksonville is at all seasons salubrious, and many invalids temporarily reside here in quest of health. Pop., 6,912. Six newspapers. Jacksonville, p. v. and the co. seat of Telfair CO., Ga., near the Ocmulgee R. and 18 mis. \V. S. W. ot Lumberville, on the Macon & Bruns- wick R. R. Pop., 40. Jacksonville, tn. in Morgan co., 111. Pop., 13,093. ♦Jacksonville, city in the above tn. and the CO. seat, at the junction of the Chicago & Al- ton R. R. with the Peoria, Pekin & .Jackson- ville R. R. and the Toledo, Wabash & West- ern R. R., 82 mis. W. of Springfield. It is sur- rounded by a rich undulating prairie and con- tains the state asylums for the blind, the deaf and dumb and the insane. The Illinois Col- lege, a female academy and other high schools ai'e located here. It is a prosperous and hand- some city, with many elegant buildings and wide streets. Pop., 9,203. Six newspapers. Jacksonville, v. in Switzerland co., Ind., 8 mis. from Vevay. Jacksonville, tn. in Chickasaw co., Iowa. Pop., 828. Jacksonville, p, v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Lawler. Jacksonville, p. v. in Neosho co., Kans., 11)^ mis. N. E of Parsons. Jacksonville, p. o. in Shelby co., Ky. Jacksonville, v. in Wabasha co., Minn., 15 mis. W. S. W. of Wabasha. Jacksonville, p. v. in Randolph co.. Mo., on the North Missouri R. R., 11 mis. N. of Mo- Ijerly. Jacksonville, p. o. in Burlington co., N. J. Jacksonville, v. in Monmouth co., N. J., 10 mis. W. of Freehold. Jacksonville, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., 8 mis. N. \V. of Ithaca. Jacksonville, tn. in Jackson co., Oreg. Pop., 879. ♦Jacksonville, p. v. in the above tn. and the oo. seat, on Ro^ue R., 52 mis. E. of Kerby. Center of a mining and agricultural region. Two newspapers. Jacksonville, p. v. in Lehigh co., Pa., on Maiden Cr., 15 mis. W. S. W. of Slatington. .Tacksonville, v. in Indiana co., Pa. Pop., 141. Jacksonville, p. v. in Cherokee CO., Tex., on the International & Great Northern R. R., 178 mis. from Galveston and 56 mis. from Long- view. Pop. about 300. Jacksonville, p v. in Windham co., Vt., 20 mis. W. S. W. of Brattleborough. Jacksonville, tn. in Floyd co., Va. Pop., 2,773. Jacksonville, p. o. in Lewis co., W. Va. Jacksonwald, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Jack's Reef, p. <>. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Jacksville, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. .Tacob City, p. o. in Tooele co., Utah Tev. Jacobsburgh, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, 4}^ mis. S. of Glencoc. Jacob's Ctanrch, p. o. in Shenandoah co., Va. Jacob's Creek, p. v. in Westmoreland co., Pa., on tliC Yougliiogheny R. and on the Union- town Branch R. R., 8 inls. S. of West Newton. Jacob's Fork, p. o. in Catawba co., N. C. Jacobstown, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J., 3 mis. AV. of Oakford. Jacobsville, p. o. in Anne Arundel co., Md. Jadden, p. o. in Grant co., Ind. Jaffrey, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 1,256. JatTrey, p. v. in the above tn., on the Monad- nock R. R., 10 mis. from Winehenden. Jake's Prairie, p. o. in Crawford co.. Mo. Jake's Run, p. o. in Monongalia co., W. Va. Jalapa, p. v. in Grant co., Ind., on the Missis- sinnewa R., 8 mis. N. W. of Marion. Jalapa, p. o. in Monroe co., Tenn. Jamaica, p. o. in Glynn co., Ga. Jamaica, tn. in Queens co. N. Y. Pop., 7,745. ♦Jamaica, p. v. and the co., seat of Queens co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 10 mis. E. of Brooklyn and on .Jamaica B. It is the resi- dence of New York merchants. Pop., 3,791. Four newspapers. Jamaica, tn. in Windham co., Vt Pop., 1,223. Jamaica, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. N. W. of Favetteville and on the West R. Jamaica, tn. in Middlesex co., Va. Pop., 1,298. Jamaica, p. o. in the above tn. Jamaica Plain, p. V. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the Dedham Branch R. R., 'i]4 mis. S. W. of Boston. James, new co. in Nebr. James, tn. in Pottawattamie co., Iowa. Pop., 309. James, tn. in Stone co., Mo. Pop., 447. James, new co. in Tenn., S. E. parr. It was formed of parts of Hamilton anil Meigs cos.; extends along the E. bank of the Tennessee R., and has an even or undulating surface and a highly j)roductive soil. Harrison is the CO. seat. James Bayou, tn. in Mississippi co., Mo. Pop., 3bl. James Bayou, p. o. in the above tn. Jamesburg^b, p. v. in Middlesex co., N. J., near the junction of the Camden & Amboy R. R. with the Monmouth Junction and James- burgh Branch of the Pennsylvania R. R., 13>^ mis. S. W. of South Amboy. James City, co. in Va., S. E. part. Area about JAMES CPvEEK, 412 JASPER. 220sort, p. V. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 97 mis. E. of Brooklyn and on Peconic Bay. Pop., 323. James River, "in Va., is formed by the conflu- ence of the Cow Pasture R. and Jackson R., J5 mis. below Covington, Alleghany co. It flows through a gap between the Rich Patch Mts. and Mill Mts., and thus traverses a wide and fertile valley in Botetourt co. In Rock- bridge CO. it breaks through the Blue Ridge al)out 15 mis. N. E. of the Peaks of Otter. It tln^n flows S. E. beyond Lynchburg, and turns N. W. to the southern boundary of Amherst CO. From this point its general direction is S. E. Above Richmond the river passes over rocky ledges, forming a series of rapids C mis. long. Below Riclimond it expands aJid enters the southern extremity of the Chesa- feake B. in a wide estuary between Old 'oint Comfort and Willoughby Point. It is navigable to Richmond, to which point the tide ascends, a distance of 10(5 mis. The James Riv(U' & Kanawha Canal has been construct- ed from Richmond to Buchanan. The Chesa- IX'ako &. Ohio R. R. follows its coui-se from below Lynchburgh to Covington and thence extends to the Kanawha. In connection with these works the James R. forms the most im- portant inland route of Virginia from the sea- board to tlu! Ohio R. .fames River, tn. in Buckingham co., Va. l^.p., 3,033. Jiiiincs's Creek, tn. In Marion co., Ark. Pop., 1S3. James Switcb, p. o. in Marion co., Ind. Jamestown, p. o. in Conecuh CO., Ala. Jamestown, p. o. in Grant co.. Ark. Jamestown, p. v. in Tuolumne CO., Cal., 5 nils. S. W. of Sonora. Jamestown, p. o. in Boulder co., Colo. Jamestown, p. o. in Pembina co.. Dak. Ter. Jamestown, j). v. in Chattahoochee co., Ga., 17 mis. from Columbus. Jamestown, p. v. in Clinton co., 111., on Shoal Cr., 8 mis. N. of Breese. Pop., 121. ^Jamestown, p. v. in Boone co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Blooraington & Western R. R., 23!4 "lis. W. N. W. of Indianapolis. Pop.. 003. Jamestown, tn. in Steuben co., Ind. Pop., 779. Jamestown, tn. in Howard co., Iowa. Pop., :;]■.'. J':imcstown, p. v. and the co. seat of Russell I- ).. Kv., 44 mis. S. by E. of Lebanon. .lamcstown, tn. in Ottawa co., Mich. Pop., 1,1112. .IfaDiicstown, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. E. ut Holland and 17 mis. S. \V. of Grand Rapids. Jamestown, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Po))., 234. Jamestown, p. o. in Moniteau co., Mo. Jamestown, p. o. in Dodge co., Nebr. ^^Jamestown, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. T, on the Atlantic uc-g:li, p. o. in Colleton district, S. C. •lortdo, p. o. in Allen co., Kans. Jeddo, p. V. in St Clair co., Mich., 18 mis. N. K. W. of Port Huron. Jeddo, tn. in Knox co., Mo. Pop., 1,143. Jeddo, p. V. in Orleans co., N. Y., 4 mis. N. of Middleport. Pop., 154. Jeddo, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Jeddo, p. V. in Luzerne co., Pa., on a branch of the Lehigh Valley R. R., U% mis. N. W. of Penn Haven. Jeddo, p. o. in Marquette co., Wis. Jefferson, v. in Marengo co., Ala., S mis S. of Dcniopolis. Pop., 233. Jefferson, co., in Ala., central part. Area over 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 12,345; in 18G0, 11,740. The surface is rolling and much broken. A low ridge, called the Sand Mt., traverses the CO. from N. E. to S. W. The region to the W. of this mountain is drained by the Locust Fork of the Black Warrior R., w'hieli receives Village Cr., Cutoeahee Cr. and other small affluents. East of the Sand Mts. extends Jones' "Valley, a continuation of JMurphrey's Valley, in St. Clair co. Tlie Tennessee & Alabama Central R. R. intersects the co. from N. to S. Elyton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 45,219 bush.; rye, 207 bush.; In- dian-corn, 251,184 bush.; oats, 9,33(5 bush.; Irish pot's, 887 bush.; sweet loot's. 24,195 bush.; cot- ton, 1,470 bales ; butter, 31,506 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,110,247. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $G07,9G7. Value of manufactures, $179,289. Jefferson, co. in Ark., E. central part. Area about 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., l.'5,733 ; in 1800, 14,971. It is intersected from N. AV. to S. E. by the Arkansas R., and drained by its tributaries, the largest of which are Bayou Meto and Ba- you Bartholomew. The surface is generally level and the soil exceedingly productive. Pine Bluff is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 303,125 bush.; oats, 1,673 bush.; Irish pot's, 6(i7 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,840 bush.; cotton, 18,.390 bales. Cash value of farms, $2,460,271. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,003,090. Value of manufactures, $197,710. Jefferson, tn. in Boone co., Ark. Pop., 1,649. Jefferson, tn. in Calhoun co., Ark. Pop., 194. Jefferson, tn. in Desha co., Ark. Pop., 773. Jefferson, tn. in Independence co., Ark. Pop., 777. Jefferson, tn. in Jackson co.. Ark. Pop., 1,976. Jefferson, tn. in Newton co.. Ark. Pop., 334. Jefferson, tn. in Ouachita co., Ark. Pojj., 782. Jefferson, tn. in Saline Co., Ark. Pop., 169. Jefferson, tn. in Sevier CO., Ark. Pop., 347. Jefferson, co. in Colo. Ter., central part. Pop., 2,390. It IS intei'sected from N. to S. by the most easterly chain of the Rocky Mts., and includes a portion of the South Park and other valleys. The South Platte R. is the principal stream, and mining the chief occu- pation of the inhabitants. Golden City is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 54,746 bush.; rve', 909 bush.; Indian-corn, 8,623 bush.; oats, 4"5,523 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,830 bush.; butter, 47,470 lbs.; hav, 1,957 tons. Cash value of farms, $342,675. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to slock, etc., $263, 725. Value of manu- factures, $283,468. Jefferson, p. o. in Jefferson co., Colo. Jefferson, co. in Fla., N. part. Area. 400 sfi. mis. Pop., 13,398; in 1860,9,876. The surface is undulating and the soil very productive. Ga. forms the northern boundary, Ancilla R. tlie eastern, the Appalaehee B. the southern and St. Mark's R. most of the \vestcrn. The Jacksonville, Pensacola & Mobile R. R. passes through the co. from W. to E. Monti- eello is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Oats, 4,400 bush.; Indian-corn, 238,728 bush.; Irish pot's, 649 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,163 bush.; cotton, .5,379 bales; rice, 4,306 lbs,; but- ter, 3,9.57 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,044,805. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $904,- 921. A'alue of manufactures, $57,350. Jefferson, co. in Ga.. E. part. Area about 4S0 sq. mis. Pop., 12,190 ; in 1860, 10,219. The Ogee- chee R. traverses the co. from N. W. to S. E., and it is bounded on the N. by Briar Cr. Wil- liamson's Swamp Cr., Rocky Comfort Cr. and other affluents of the Ogeechee drain the co. Tlie surface is undulating and the soil pro- ductive. Louisville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 11,949 bush.; rye, C54 bush.; Indian-corn, 211,.528 bush.; oats, 9,014 bush.; Irish pot's, 97 bush.; sweet pot's, , 22,514 bush.; cotton, 6,885 bales; butter, 16,961 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,038,830. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cUnling additions to stock, etc., $1,000,519. Value of manufactures, $47,853. Jefferson, p. v. and the co. seat of Jackson CO., Ga., 18 mis. N. N. AV. of Athens. Jefferson, co. in 111., S. central part. Area, 525 sq. mis. Pop., 17.864; in 1860.12,965. It is mostly prairie land, liot particularly fertile. It is tlrained by the head streams of the Bi^ Muddy R. and intersected by the St. Louis & Southern R. R. Mount Vernon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AA^heat, 100,.'>53 bush.; rye, 5,934 bush.; Indian-corn, 887,981 bush.; oats, 28.5,940 bush.; Irish pot's, 52,309 bush., sweet pot's, 4,792 bush.; butter, 150,298 lbs.; hay, 10,460 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,375,968. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,100,632. Value of manufactures, $334,922. Jefferson, tn. in Cook co.. 111. Pop., 1,S13. Jefferson, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chi- cago & Northwestern R. R., 8»^ mis. N. W. of Chicago. Jefferson, tn. in Stephenson co., 111. Pop., 546. Jefferson, co. in Ind., S. E. part. Ai-ea, 362sq. mis. Pop., 29,737 ; in 1860, 25,036. It borders on the Ohio R. and is intersected by Indian Cr. The CO. is an elevated table-land, wliicli slopes abruptly down to the broad and fertile bottom of the Ohio. The Jefferson ville, Madison &, In- dlanapolis R. R. passes througli the co. Madi- son is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVlieat, 207,909 bush.; rye, 4,904 busli.; Indian- corn, 466.246 bush.; oats, 131,321 bush.; Irish pot's, 98,952 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,822 bush.: butter, 408,565 lbs.; hay, 20,933 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,537,858. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,404,476. Value of inanufaclure?, $2,163,.588. Jefferson, tn. in Adams co., Ind. Pop., 491. JEFFERSON, 445 JEFFERSON. •TeflTersoii, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 1,445. Jefferson, tn. in Boone CO., Ind. Pop., 1,675. Jefferson, tn. in Carroll co., Ind. Pop., 947. Jefferson, p. v. in Clinton co., Ind., 4 nils. W. of Frankfort. Pop., 253. Jefferson, tn. in Cass co., Ind. Pop., 1,285. Jefferson, tn. in Elkhart co., Ind. Pop., 982. Jefferson, tn. in Grant co., Ind. Pop , 1,398. Jefferson, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., 1,348. Jefferson, tn. in Henry co., Ind. Pop., 1,234. Jefferson, tn. in Huntington co., ind. Pop., 1,227. Jefferson, tn. in Jay CO., Ind. Pop., 1,640. Jefferson, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 711. Jefferson, tn. in Miami co., Ind. Pop., 1,370. Jefferson, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 1,081. Jefferson, tn. in Newton co., Ind. Pop., 4.()06. Jefferson, tn. in Noble co., Ind. Pop., 1,293. Jefferson, tn. in Owen co., Ind. Pop., 2,018. Jefferson, tn. m Pike co., Ind. Pop., 2,188. Jefferson, tn. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pop., 171. Jefferson, tn. in Putnam co., Ind. Pop., 990. Jefferson, tn. in Sullivan co., Ind. Pop., 1,251. Jefferson, tn. in Switzerland co., Ind. Pop., 3,268. Jefferson, tn. in Tipton co., Ind. Pop., 1,738. Jefferson, tn. in Washington co., Ind. Pop., l,.i:?2. Jefferson, tn. in Wajme co., Ind. Pop., 1,785. Jefferson, tn. in Wells co., Ind. Pop., 1,773. Jefferson, tn. in Whitley co., Ind. Pop., 1,263. Jefferson, co. in Iowa, S. E. part. Area, 432 sq. mis. Pop., 17,839 ; in 1860, 15,038. The surface is rolling and the soil good. It is drained by the Big Cedar and the Skunk Rs. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. and the Burling- ton & Missoiiri River R. R. intersect the CO. Fairfield is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 234,779 bnsli.; rye, 44,- 537 bush.; Indi.^n-corn, 1,100,560 bush.; oats, 242,364 bush.; Irish pot's, 72,637 bush.; sweet pot's, 820 bush.; wool, 107,394 lbs.; bntter, 403,782 lbs.: nay, 26,335 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,611,811. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,711,007. Value of manufactiires, $278,- 294 Jefferson, tn. in Adair co., Iowa. Pop., 362. Jefferson, tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,015. Jefferson, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 706. Jefferson, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 918. Jefferson, tn. in Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 613. Jefferson, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 2,245. Jefferson, tn. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pop., 1,550. Jefferson, v. in above tn., 10 mis. N. of Du- buque. One newspaper. Jefferson, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 639. Jefferson, tn. in Greene co., Iowa. Pop., 1,.828. *Jefferson, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, in the V. of New Jefferson, on the Oliio & Northwestern R. R., and on the Coon R., 6 mis. W. of Grand Junction. Pop., 779. Jefferson, tn. in Harrison co., Iowa. Pop., 694. Jefferson, tn. in Henry co., Iowa. Pop., 1,438. Jefferson, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 900. Jefferson, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,059. Jefferson, tn. in Louisa co., Iowa. Pop., 846. Jefferson, tn. in Madison co., Iowa. Pop., 655. Jefferson, tn. In Mahaska co., Iowa. Pop., 1,174. Jefferson, tn. in Marshall co., Iowa. Pop., 691. Jefferson, tn. in Poweshiek co., Iowa. Pop,, 900. Jefferson, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 832. Jefferson, tn. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Pop., 527. Jefferson, tn. in Taylor co., Iowa. Pop., 542. Jefferson, tn. in Warren co., Iowa. Pop., 1,012. Jefferson, tn. in Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 704. Jefferson, co. in Karis., N. E. part. Area, 455 sq. mis. Pop., 12,526 ; in 1860, 4,459. The sur- face is generally level ; the soil fertile and well cultivated. Kansas R. forms part of the S. boundary, and along its N. bank runs the Kansas Pacific R. R. The co. is intersected in the W. part bj' Santrelle R. Oskaloosa is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 32,302 bush.: rye, 1,190 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,257,- 790 bush.; oats, 210,040 bush.; Irish pot's 142,40.7 bush.; sweet pot's, 656 bush.; butter, 261,161 lbs.; hay, 18,925 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,363,943. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,031,237. Value of manufactures, $126,- 840. Jefferson, tn. in Jackson co., Kans. Pop., 1,542. Jefferson, v. in Douglas co., Kans., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., near Lawrence. Jefferson, tn. in Jefferson co., Kans. Pop., 1,680. Jefferson, co. in Ky., N. part. Area, 590 sq. mis. Pop., 118,953; in 1860, 89,404. The surface is level along the river bottoms and hilly in tlie S. part. The Ohio R. forms its N. and'W. boun- daries, and separates it from Ind. The soil is very good and under high cultivation. Louis- ville is the CO. seat, and is one of the greatest railroad centres in the west ; most of the Ky. railroafls converging there. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wlieat, 102,820 bush.; rye, 12,454 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,059,729 bush.; oats, 368,328 bush.; Irish pot's, 377,382 bush.; sweet pot's, 104,862 bush.; butter,312,2331bs.; hay, 11,228 tons. Cash value of farms, $17,253,897. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,631,076. Value of manufactures, $20,364,650. Jefferson, parish in La., S. E. part. Ai-ea, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 17,767; in 1860, 1.5,372. It extends from Lake Pontchartrain in tlie N. to Bara- taria B. in the S., and.is bounded on the W, by Lake Washa, Perot Baj'ou and Little Lake. The Mississippi R. flows through the parish from W. to E. The surface is low and the soil very rich. The Great Jackson Route in- tersects the parish. Carroll ton is the co. seat, Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 67,460 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,071 busli.; sweet pot's, 7,640 bush.; cotton, 456 bales ; riee, 269,620 lbs.; sugai\ 2,196 hhds. Cash value of farms, $1,333,- 700. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $437,168. Value of manufactures, $294,700. Jefferson, tn. in Lincoln co.. Me. Pop., 1,821. Jefferson, p. v. in the above tn., at the head of Damariscotta B., 20 mis. E. S. E. of Au- gusta. Jefferson, p. v. in Frederick co.,Md.,8 mis. S. AV. of Frederick. Pop., 257. Jefferson, tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 1,047. Jefferson, tn. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop., 1,973. Jefferson, p. o. in the above tn. Jefferson, tn. in Houston co., Minn, Pop., 372. Jefferson, tn. in Winona co., Minn. Pop., 640. Jefferson, co. in Miss., S. W. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 13,848 ; in lb60, 15,349. It bor- ders in the "W. on the Mississippi R. and is drained by several small creeks. The western part belongs to the low and verj^ rich alluvial bottom of the Mississippi. The larger eastern part has an undulating surface and a produc- tive soil. I^'ayette is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 204,469 bush,; Irish pot's, 4,659 bush.; sweet pot's, 31,386 bush.i cotton, 13,719 bales ; butter, 33,2;^. Cash value of farms, $1,121,638, Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions JEFFEESON. 446 JEFFERSON. to stock, etc., ,$1,343,C17. Value of manufac- tures, $18,37.5. JetTcrsoii, CO. in Mo., E. part. Area, 054 sq. mis. Pop., 1.5,380 ; in 1»30, 10,344. It borders on the Mississippi II., wliich separates it from HI. The southern and western parts of the CO. belong to the Ozark region and are broken and hilly, possessing a moderately produc- tive soil. The northern and eastern parts are low and very productive. Large deposits of lead and iron ores are found. The St. Louis & Iron Mountain K. R. passes along the Mis- sissippi R. The principal streams are the Maramec R., bounding it on the N., Negro R., Platin Or., Sandy Cr. and Joaquin Cr. Hills- borough is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 149,298 bush.: rye, 5,31ii bush.; In- dian-corn, 534,705 t)ush.; oats, 134,279 bush.; Irish pot's, 76,278 bush.; sweet pot's, (5,.3SO bush.; to- bacco, 25,235 lbs.; butter, 152,934 lbs.; hay, 5,C75 tons. Cash value of farms, 1^4,923,823. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,155,612. Value of manufactures, ^09,254. Jelterson, tn. in Andrew co.. Mo. Pop.. 1,005. JeJSerson, tn. in Cedar co., Mo. Pop., 1,040. •TcHerson, tn. in Chirke CO.. Mo. Pop., S43. .TeJfersoii, tn. in (;ole co.. Mo. Pop., 6,259. Jeirerson, tn. in Daviess co., IMo. Pop., 1.059. Jefferson, tn. in Grundy co.. Mo. Pop., 874. .TeSTerson, tn. in Linn co.. Mo. Pop., 1,810. Jefferson, tn. in Maries CO., Mo. Pop., 1,123. Jefferson, tn. in Monroe co.. Mo. Pop., 2.147. Jefferson, tn. in Osage co.. Mo. Pop., 1,3'M. Jefferson, tn. in Polk co.. Mo. Pop., 480l Jefferson, tn. in Saline co., Mo. Pop., 3,002. Jefferson, tn. in Scotland co., Mo. Pop., 3,297. Jefferson, tn. in Wayne co.. Mo. Pop., 371. Jefferson, co. in Mont., W. central part. Pop., 1,.531. It is bounded on the E. by the Missouri R. and on the S. by the Jefferson R. and its tributary. Fish Cr. It is drained by the Nort h Bowlder, South Bowlder and Willow Crs. Al- though tlie greatest portion of this co. is cov- ered with the Rocky Mts. and their spurs, it contains a large amount of arable land and has a climate remarkably mild for its high latitude. The valley of the Missouri is here narrow but very fertile. Radersburgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,194 bush.; rve, 266 bush.; oats, 11,.584 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,693 bush.; butter, 70,165 ll)s.; hay, 2,422 tons. Cash value of farms, $108,090. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $138,- 462. Value of manufactures, $120,242. Jefferson, co. in Nebr., S. K. part. Ai-aa,, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 2,440. The surface is gently rolling and consists mostly of prairies. The Big Blue R. Hows through the co. from N. W. to"S. K., and receives Big Sandy Cr. and Mud- dy Cr. The co. is well adapted to stock rais- ing. Fairbury and Meridian are the co. seats. Agr. productions in ]S7i>: Wheat, 24.847 bush.; Indian-corn, 72,230 bush.; oats, 4.070 bush.; Irish pot's, 15.199 bush.; sweet pot's, 60 Inish.: butter, 19,850 lbs.; hay, 2,182 tons. Cash value of farms, $355,490. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $79,774. Value of manufactures, $19,405. Jefferson, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Nebr. Jefferson, p. o. in Gloucester co., N. J. Jefferson, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 826. Jefferson, p. o. in the above tn. Jefferson, in. in Morris co., N. J. Pop., 1,4,30. Jefferson, co. in N. Y., N. pait. Ari'a about 1,050 sq. mis. Pop , 65,415 ; in ISuO, 09,825. It is bounded on the W. by Lake Ontario and on the N W. bj' the St. Lawrence R. The largest striiam draining the co. is BlaeU R., whicli empties into Henderson B. of Lake Ontario. Indian R., a tributary of the St. Lawrence, in- tersects the north-eastern part. Along the lake extends an extensive low plain, which has a fertile soil and is well cultivated throughout. Toward the E. the surface be- comes broken and rolling:. The Watertown, Jefferson & Cape Vincent R. R. and the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg R. R. pass through the CO. Watei'town is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 228,772 bush.; rye, 3G,- 809 bush.; Indian-corn, 221, .551 bush.; oats, l,i).)8,- 227 bush.; Irish pot's, 507,349 bush.; wool, 104,- 4.59 lbs.; maple sugar, 529,109 ll)s.; cheese, 2,.545,. 654 lbs.; butter, 4 883.508 lbs.; hay, 223,343 tons. Cash value of farms, .$.")3,432,1.52. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $8,276,.348. Princi- pal products of industry : Cheese, $939,906 ilour and meal, $1,2,59,324, and tanned leather, $68,5,921. Total value of manufactures, $7,241,- 009. Jefferson, tn. in Sclioharie co., N. Y. Pop., Jefferson, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. S. of Kiclimondville. One newspaper. Jefferson, p. v. and the co. seat of Ashe co., N. C, 45 mis. N. by W. of Newton Junction. It is in the midst of a mineral region. One newspaper. Jefferson, co. in Ohio, E. part. Area, 35) sq. mis. Pop., 29,188; in 1860,26,11.5. It is sepa- i-ated from Va. by the Ohio R. and is watered by Yellow and Cross Crs. The surface is broken by hills of moderate heigiit, capable of cultivation. The soil is very good. The Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. runs through the center of this co. Steubenville is the co. seat. Agr. productions iu 1870: Wheat, 215,694 bush.; rye, 7,031 biwh.; Indian-corn, 630,196 bush.: oats, 430,384 bush.; Irish pot's, 122,530 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,105 bush.; butter, 561,047 lbs.; hay, 28,569 tons. Cash value of farms, $15,328,- 0.50. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,3.54,643. Value of manufactures, $4,062,017. Jefferson, v. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 107. Jcllcrson, tn. in Adams co., Ohio. Pop., 2,20S. Jellcrson, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 1.712. *Jefferson, p. v. and the co. seatof Asht.abula CO., Ohio, 10 mis. S. of Ashtabula. Has a large country trade. Pop., 8(59. Two newspapers. Jefferson, tn. in Brown co., Ohio. Pop., 1,267. .Tefferson, tn. in Greene co., Ohio. Pop., 1,277. Jefferson, tn. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 1.SS8. Jefferson, v. in the above tn., near Little Mi- ami 11. 11.', 12 mis. W. of Columbus. Pop., 577. Jefferson, tn. in Noble Co., Ohio. Pop., 1,278. Jefferson, tn. iu Clinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,445. Jefferson, tn. iu Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,059. JcOTerson, tn. in Fayette eo., Ohio. Pop., 2,532. Jefferson, tn. in Franklin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,40.5. .Tefferson, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 904. Jefferson, tn. in Jack.s"on co., Ohio. Pop., 3,002. •Tefferson, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 1,308. Jefferson, tn. in Logan co., Ohio. Pop., 1,034. .Tefferson, tn. in Mercer co., Ohio. Pop., 1,557. Jefferson, tn. in Montgomery co., Ohio. Pop., 3.3.50. Jefferson, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop, i,l5(;. The V. of Dresden comprises the whole of I his tn. Jefferson, tn. in Preble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,9.53. Jefferson, tn. in Richland co., Ohio. Pop.. 2.-J51. Jefferson, tn. in Ross co., Ohio. Pop., 1,013. Jcflerson, tn. in Scioto co., Ohio. P(^mle. N. of Shoemakcrtown. Name changed to Coleman. Jcnks, tn. in Forest co.. Pa. Pop., 118. Jenksville, p. v. in Tioga co., N. Y., 4 mis. from Berkshire. Jenner, tn. in Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., 1,703. Jenners Cross Roads, p. v. in Somerset co., Pa., 12 mis. N. of Sonaerset. Jennerstown, p. o. in Somerset co., Pa. Jcnnersville, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., near the Philadelphia & Baltimore Central R. R., 10 mis. W. of Kennett's Square. Jcnnieton, p. o. in Iowa co., "Wis. Jenning's, p. o. in Hamilton co., Fla. Jennings, co. in Ind., S. E. part. Area, 375 sq. nils. Pop., 16,212; in 1860, 14,749. The surface is broken and hillj' ; the soil generally but little groductive. Tlie co. is intersected bj' several ranches of the White R. Limestone, well adapted to building purposes, is found exten- sively. The Ohio . o. in Parke cp., Ind. Jesuit's Bend, jj.o. in Plaquemines parish. La. *Jesnp, p. v. in Buchanan co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R., 8 mis W. of Independence. Jetersville, p. v. in Amelia co., Va., on the Richmond & Danville R. R., 7 mis. W. S. W. of Amelia. Jetts Creek, p. o. in Breathitt co., Ky Jewell, CO. in Kans., N. part. Area, 475 sq. ml?. Pop., 207. The surface is gently rolling; the soil good. It is well drained, being intersect- ed in the N. part by a branch of the Republi- can R. It is bounded N. by Nebr. Jewell is the CO. seat. Cash value of farms, $17,750. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- clnding additions to stock, etc., $20,350. *Jewcll, p. V. and the co. seat of Jewell co., Kans., on the Buffalo Cr., 30 mis. N. W. of Con- cordia. One newspaper. Jewell Centre, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans. Jewett, p. V. in Cumberland co.. 111., on the St. Louis, Vandalia & Terre Haute R. R., 49% mis. W. S. "W. of Terre Haute. Jewett, p. o. in Madison co., Mo. Jewett, tn. in Greene co., N. Y. Pop., 1,105. Jewett, p. o. in the above tn. Jewett, p. V. in Harrison co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 281^ mis. W. of Steubenville. Jewett, p. V. in Leon co., Tex., on the Interna- tional & Great Northern R. R., 95 mis. from Heme. A manufacturing center. One news- paper. Jewett Centre, p. o. in Greene co., N. Y. Jewett City, p. v. in New London co.. Conn,, on the Quinebaug R. and the Hartford, Provi- dence & Fishkill R. R., 42 mis. from Provi- dence, R. I., and 16 mis. from Willimantic. Jewett Mills, p. v. in St. Croix co., "Wis., on the W^illow R., 19)^ mis. N. E. of Hudson. Jim Henry, tn. in Miller co., Mo. Pop., 542. Joachim, tn. in Jefferson co.. Mo. Pop., 1,865. Joanna Furnace, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. .lobe, tn. in Oregon co., aio. Pop., 848. .Tobe, p. o. in the above tn. .Tobe, p. o. in Monongalia co., W. Va. .Tobs, p. o. in Madison co., 111. Jobstowu, p. V. in Burlington co., N. J., on the Kinkora Branch of the Camden & Amboy R. R., 10 mis. S. E. of Kinkora. .Toetta, p. o. in Hancock co., 111. .Tohannesburgrh, p. o. in Washington co.. 111. Jo Maviess, co. in 111., N. W. part. Area, 650 sq. mis. Pop., 27,820 ; in 1860, 27,325. The sur- face is hilly ; the soil good and adapted to grain culture. It borders on Iowa and AVis., from the former of which it is separated by the Mississippi R. The Apple R. flows through the CO. It contains rich mines of lead and cop- per, and is intersected by the Illinois Central it. R. Galena is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 283,313 bush.; rye, 7,185 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,286,.326 bush.; oats, 874,016 bush.; Irish pot's, 201,015 bush.; butter, 655,681 lbs.; hay, 34,372 tons. Cash value of farms $8,831,353. Total, estimated, value of all farm l^roduotions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,538,195. Value of manufactures, $1,252, 515. Jo Daviess, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Pop., 477. John Day's Creels, p. o. tn Idaho co., Idaho Ter. John Day's Blver,. a tributary of the Col- umbia in Oreg.; rises in the Blue Mts., Grant CO.; has a N. N. W. course and emptiea la Wasco CO. JOHN'S. 450 JOHNSON. Jobn's, tn. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Pop., 895. Jotaii'<4 Branch, p. o. in Audrain co., Mo. Johnsbur^h, p. o. in McHeniy co.. 111. Johnsburg'h, tu. in Warren co., N. Y. Pop., 2,599. Johnsbnrgta, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. W. of the Glen, on the Adirondack R. R. Johnsbiir^h, p. o. in Somerset Co., Pa. Johnson, co. in Ark., N. W. part. Area about 850 sq. mis. Pop., 9,152 ; in 1860, 7,612. The sur- face is undulating and in some parts hilly ; the soil productive. The Arkansas R. inter- sects the CO. from W. to E. Clarksville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "Wheat, 13,864 bush.; Indian-corn, '275,185 bush.; oats, 21,159 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,048 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,890 bush.; tobacco, 11,915 lbs.; cotton, 4,489 bales. Cash value of farms, $912,064. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $813,- 528. V.alue of manufactures, $74,720. Johnson, tn. in Greene co.. Ark. Pop., 683. Johnson, tn. in Little River co.. Ark. Pop., 274. Johnson, tn. in St. Francis co., Ark. Pop., 788. Johnson, tn. in Union co.. Ark. Pop., 1,309. Johnson, co. in Ga., E. central part. Area about 210 sq.-mls. Pop., 2,964; in 1860, 2,919. The Oconee R. forms the western boundary of the CO., which is drained by the Ohoopee R. and other affluents of the Oconee. The surface is level and the soil undulating. Wrightsville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: AVheat, 209 bush.; rvc, 40 bush.; Indian-corn, 47,229 bush.; Irish pot's, 748 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,168 bush.; cotton, 1,558 bales; butter, 730 lbs. Cash value of farms, $132,580. Total, estim.ated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $226,- 025. Johnson, v. in Floyd co., Ga. Pop., 662. Johnson, co. In 111., S. part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 11,248; in IS60, 9,342. The surface is level; the soil moderately fertile. It is drained by the Cash R. and the Big Bay Cr. The Illinois Southern R. R. intersects it. Vienna is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 92,191 bush.; rye, 2,468 bush.; Indian-corn, 343,- 298 bush.; oats, 74,525 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,764 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,076 bush.; butter, 99,725 lbs.; hay, 2,327 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,457,105. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $7:16,634. Value of manufactures, $126,635. Johnson, tn. in Christian co.. 111. Pop., 610. Johnson, tn. in Clarke co.. 111. Pop., 823. Johnson, co. in Ind., central part. Area, 320 sq. mis. Pop., 18,404; in 1860, 14,854. The south- west corner is hilly, the south-eastern part undulating and the remainder level. The soil is mostly a rich black loam. The Blue R. flows through the eastern part of the co. The CO. is intersected by the Indianapolis & Cin- cinnati R. R. and the JelTersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R. Fr.anklin is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 544.917 lbs.; hay, 6,376 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,957,789. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,369,818. Value of manufactures, $1,377,- 731. Johnson, tn. in Brown co., Ind. Pop., 685. Johnson, tn. in Clinton co., lud. Pop., 1,666. Johnson, tn, in Gibson co., Ind. Pop., 2,616. Johnson, tn. in La Grange co., Ind. Pop., Johnson, tn. in Knox co., Ind. Pop., 1,543. Johnson, tn. in Ripley co., Ind. Pop., 2,409. Johnson, tn. in Crawford CO., Ind. Pop., 6.52. Johnson, tn. in La Porte co., Ind. Pop., 170. Johnson, tn. in Scott co., Ind. Pop., 1,4.54. Johnson, co. in Iowa, E. part. Area, 609 sq. mis. Pop., 24,898 ; in 1860, 17,573. The surface is diversified and the soil exceedingly fertile. The Iowa R. intersects the co. and is naviga- ble by steamboats. The Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. traverses the CO. from S. E. to N. W. Iowa City is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 503,141 bush.; rye, 27.362 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,147,570 bush.; oats, 491,137 bush.; Irish pot's, 104,889 bush.; sweet pot's, 410 bush.; wool, 69,- 796 lbs.; butter, 594,573 lbs.; hay, 40.6.59 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,496,044. Total, esti- naated, value of all farm productions, includ. ing additions to stock, etc., $2,864,412. Value of manufactures, $858,245. Johnson, tn. in Plvmouth CO., Iowa. Pop., 80. Johnson, tn. in tVebster co., Iowa. Pop., 402. Johnson, p. o. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. Johnson, co. in Kans., E. part. Area, 4C30 sq. mis. Pop., 13,684; in 1860, 4,364. The surface is undulating ; the soi 1 excellent and well cul- tivated. The Kansas R. forms the north-west- ern boundary, and the state of Mo. is on the E. The Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R. passes through the central part from N. to S. Olathe is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: "Wheat, 71,835 bush.; rye, 5,684 l)ush.; In- dian-corn, 1,074,188 bush.; oats, 335,05(5 bush.; Irish pot's, 112 046 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,461 bush.; butter, 219,358 lbs.; hay, 16,399 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,.300,35o. Total, esti- mated, v.alue of all farm productions, Includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,172,387. Value of manufactures, $122,34.5. Johnson, co. in Ky., E. part. Area, 4S0 sq. mis. Pop., 7,494 ; in 1860, 5,306. The surface is diversified; the soil is sandy but fertile. Laifce quantities of corn are produced, and stone-coal is common. The co. is travers- ed from K. to S. by the W. Fork of the Big Sandy R. Paint.svillc is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 9,482 bush.; rye, 1,620 bush.; Indian-corn, 256,2.56 bush.; oats, 30,310 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,341 bush.; sweet pot's, 4^962 bush.; butter. 81,802 lbs.; hay, 678 tons. Cash value of farms, $590,875. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $333,347. Value of manufactures, $23,814. Johnson, co. in Mo., W. part. Pop., 2-1,648 ; in I860, 14,644. The surface consists of rolling prairies, interspersed with belts of timber in the valleys. Large quantities of coal and some limestone and plumbago are found in the CO. It is drained by Black Water and Clear Fork Crs., and intersected from E. to W. by the Pacific Missouri li. R. Warrens- burgh is the CO. seat. Agr. iii-oductions in 1870: Wheat, 462,990 bush.; rye, 3,288 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,946,741 bush.; oats, .356,;>51 bush.; Irish pot's, 106, 731 bush.; sweet pot's, 930 bush.; tobacco, 18,700 lbs.; butter, 367,464 lbs.; hay, 12,049 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,83), 733. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,- 417,873. Value of manufactures, $539,902. Johnson, tn. in Maries co.. Mo. Pop., 1,257. Johnson, tn. in Polk co.. Mo. Pop., 898. Johnson, tn. in Ripley eo., Mo. Pop., 280. .1 ohiisoii, tn. in Scotland CO., Mo. Pop., 1,219. Johnson, tn. in Washington co., Mo. Pop., 717. Johnson, co. in Ncbr., S. E. part. Area, 378 sq. mis. Pop., 3,429 ; in 1860, 528. The surface is gently undulating and consists of prairies. Along the water-courses there are belts of timber-land. The North Fork of the Great Nemaha R. intersects the co. from N. W. to S. E. and receives numerous small tributaries. The South Fork of the Little Nemaha B, drains the northern part of the co. Tecumsch is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870; JOHNSON. 451 JOHNSVILLE. ■Wheat, 81,454 bnsh.; rye, 829 busli.; Indian- corn, 113,495 bnsli.; oats, 32,914 bush.; Irish pot's, 21,341 bush.; butter, 58,107 lbs.; hay, 4,545 tons. Cash value of tarms, $541,825. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $187,383. Value of manufactures, $45,569. Johnson, p. o. in Nemaha CO., Nebr. Jobnson, tn. in Champaign co., Ohio. Pop., 2,297. Johnson, v. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 241. Johnson, CO. in Tenn., N. E. part. Area, 210 sq. mis. Pop., 5,852; iu 18C0, 5,018. It is bounded on the N. by Va. and on the E. by N. C, from which it is sei^arated by the lofty Stone Mts., a portion of the Great Unaka Range. Several lower ranges intersect the eo. from N. E. to S. W., and inclose picturesque val- leys. The soil is moderately fertile, but well adapted to stock raising. Taylorsville is tlie CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 16,484 bush.; rye, 13,397 bush.; Indian-corn, 85,- 782 bush.; oats, 34,682 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,671 bush.; sweet pot's, 646 bush.; butter, 72,041 lbs.; hay, 1,513 tons. Cash value of farms, $763,190. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $237,671. Value of manufactures, $86,201. Johnson, co. in Tex., N. central part. Area, 510 sq. mis. Pop., 4,923; in 1860,4,305. The svirfaee is rolling ; the soil fertile. The Brazos K. passes through the W. part from N. to S. The E. part is drained bj^ the North Pork of Trin- ity R. Cleburne is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 5.694 bush.; rye, 152 bush.; Indian-corn, 156,435 bush.; oats, 0,718 bush.; Irish pot's, 324 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,207 bush.; cotton, 1,212 bales; butter, 1,615 lbs. Cash value of farms, $331,0.54. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $192,716. Johnson, p. o. in Kane co., Utah Ter. Johnson, tn. in Lamoille co., Vt. Pop., 1,558. ^'Johnson, p. v. in the above tn., on the La- moille R., 2.51^ mis. E. of East Georgia Station. It has mills and manufactories. Johnsonburg'h, p. v. iu Warren co., N. J., 8 mis. N. W. of Waterloo. Johnson €ity, p. v. in Washington co., Tenn., •at the junction of the East 'rennessee, Vir- ginia & Georgia R. R. with the East Tennessee & North Carolina R. R., 7 mis. E. of Jones- borough. Johnson City, p. o. in St. Clair co.. Mo. Johnson Junction, p. o. in Pleming co., Ky. Johnsons, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. Johnsons, p. o. in Orange co., N. \. Johnsonsbnrgh, p. v. in Wyoming CO., N. T., 10 mis. S. of Attica. Jolmsou's Corners, p. o. in Summit co., Ohio. Johnson's Creek, p. o. in Carroll co.. 111. Johnson's Creels, p. v. in Niagara co., N. Y., 4 mis. N. W. of Middleport. Johnson's Creelt, p. v. in Jefferson co.. Wis., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R.,8mls. S. of Watertown. Fop. about 200. Johnson's Cross Roads, p. o. in Monroe CO., W. Va. Johnson's Fork, p. o. in Magoffin co., Ky. Johnson's ttrove, v. in De Kalb co.. 111., 68 mis. VV. by S. of Chicago. Johnson's lirovc, p. o. in Haywood CO., Tenn. Johnson's Mills, p. o. in Marion co., Ala. Johnson's Mills, p. o. in Pitt eo., N. C. Johnson's Point, p. o. in Kaufman co., Tex. Johnson's Springes, p. o. in Goochland co., Va. Johnson's Station, p. o. in Pike co.. Miss. Johnson's Station, p.o. in Tarrant co., Tex., 14 nils, from Fort AVorth. Johnsontown, p. o. in Northampton co., Va., 4ij luls. N. E. of Norfolk. Johnsonvillc, p. v. in Wayne co., 111., 12 mis. S. of Elora. JohnsonTille, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans. Johnsonville, p. o. in Sunflower co., Mi.ss. Johnsonville, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. T., on the Hoosick R. and the Troy & Boston R. R., I&4 mis. N. E. of Troy. Pop., 500. Johnsonville, p. v. in Trumbull co., Ohio, 10 mis. N. W. of Orangeville. Johnsonville, p. o. in Northampton co., Pa. Johnsonville, p. o. in Williamsburgh dis- trict, S. C. Johnsonville, p. v. in Humphreys co., Tenn., on the Tennessee R. and the St. Louis, Mem- phis & Nashville R. R., 78 mis. AV. from Nash- ville. Pop. about 700. Johnsonville^ p. o. in Sheboygan co.. Wig. Johnston, co. in N. C, central part. Area, 650 sq. mis. Pop., 16,897 ; in 1860, 15,656. The surface is uneven ; the soil moderately fertile. Granite, and iron ore are found. The Neuse R. intersects the central part from N. to S., and the Atlantic & North (Jarolina R. R. from. N. W. to S. E. Smithfield is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,794 bush.; rye, 764 bush.; Indian-corn, 246,338 bush.; oats, 14,- 402 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,761 bush.; sweet pot's, 132,277 bush.; cotton, 4,108 bales ; butter, 19,628 lbs.; hay, 1,027 tons. Cash value of farms, $871,903. Total, estimated, value of all farm, liroductions, including additions to stock, etc., $613,921. Value of manufactures, $136,122. Johnston, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 893. Johnston, tn. in Providence co., R. I. Pop., 4,192. Johnston's Depot, p. o. in Edgefield dis- trict, S. C. Johnston's Station, p. v. in Mcintosh co., Ga., on the Atlantic & Gulf R. R., 46 mis. S. W. of Savannah. .Tohnstonville, p. o. in Upshur co., Tex. Johnstown, p. o. in Green co., Ind. Johnston, tn. in Scott co., Va. Pop., 1,870. Johnston, tn. in Shenandoah co., Va. Pop., 1,889. Johnstown, tn. in Cumberland co.. 111. Johnstown, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. S. S. E. of Mattoon. Johnstown, tn. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Pop., 895. Johnstown, p. o. in Alleghany co., Md. Johnstown, tn. in Barry CO., Mich. Pop., l,29ij. Johnstown, p. o. in the above tn. Johnstown, v. in Sibley co., Minn., near the Minnesota R., 15 mis. E. of Henderson. Johnstown, p. v. in Bates co., Mo., 16 mis. from Butler. Johnstown, tn. in Fulton co., N. Y. Pop., 12,273. ^ Johnstow^n, p. v. and the co. seat of Fulton CO., N. Y., 4 mis. N. of Fonda, and on the Fon- da & Gloverville R. R. Has large glove manu- factories. Pop., 3,282. Three newspapers. Johnstown, p. v. in Licking co., Ohio, 17 ml3. W. N. W. of Newark. Johnstown, v. in Hardin co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 15 ml.s. E. of Lima. ^Johnstown, p. borough in Cambria co., Pa., at the junction of Conemaugh 11. and Stony Cr., on the Pennsylvania Canal and near the Penn- sylvania Central R. R., 39 mis. W. S. W. of Al- tbona and 267 mis. from Philadelphia. It has extensive iron works and is one of the most thriving boroughs of the state. Pop., 6,028. Five newspapers. Johnstown, p. o. in Hari'ison co., W. Va. Johnstown, tn. in Rock co.. Wis. Pop., 1,299. Johnstown, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. E of Janesville. Johnstown Centre, p. v. in Rock co.. Wis., 10 mis. E. of Janesville. Johnsville, p. o. in Bradley CO., Ark. Johnsville, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 4 mis. S. W. of Union Bridge. JOHNSVILLE. 452 JONESVILLE. Jolmsvillc, p. o. in Ottawa co., Mich. Johnsvillc, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y, Johnsvillc, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ohio, 15 mis. \V. of Uas'ton. Johnsville, v. in Morrow co., Ohio. Pop., 159. Jolict, tn. in Will co., 111. *Pop., 10,'203. *Joliet, city in above tn. and the co. seat, on the Des Plaines R., the Illinois & Michigan Canal, and at the intersection of the Illinois & Kock Island R. R. with the St. Louis, Alton & Chicago R. R., 40 mis. S. S. W. of Chicago. This flourishing city lies in a rich agricultural re- gion ; has several manufactories, and contains many imposing public buildings, tlie State Penitentiarj', etc. In the vicinity are exten- sive quarries of limestone, valuable for build- ing purposes. Pop., 7,'263; in 18G0, 7,102. Two newsiiapers. Joliett, p. o. in Schuyllcill co.. Pa. Jolly, p. V. in Monroe co., Ohio, 16 mis. S. of Mansfield. Jollytowii, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. •Toloii, p. o. in Monterey CO., Cal. .Toiias Ridgre, p. o. in Burke co., N. C. Jonathan Creek, tn. in Moultrie co.. 111. Pop., 1,001. Jonathan's Creek, p. o. in Haywood co., N. O. Jones, tn, in Amador co., Cal. Pop., 1,770. Jones, CO. in Ga., central part. Area, 483 sq. mis. Pop., 9,43S ; in 1800, 9,107. It is bounded on the W. by tlie Ocmulgee R. and drained by small affluents of this stream and of the Oconee R. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. Clinton is the co. seat. Agr. pi'o- dnctions in 1870: Wheat, 6,291 bush.; rye, 333 bush.; Indian-corn, 108,945 bush.; oats, 6,815 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,239 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,- 354 bush.; cotton, 5,188 bales ; butter, 14,669 lbs.; hay, 501 tons. Cash value of farms, $S74,176. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $799,- 305. Value of manufactures, $200,633. Jones, CO. in Iowa, E. part. Ar(!a, 590 sq. mis. Pop., 19,731 ; in 1860, 13,306. The surface is roll- ing and chiefly consists of pi'airie lands, into "Which the rivers have cut deep valleys. The soil is fertile and drained bj' the Wapsipini- con R. and other afllucnts of the Mississippi K. Anamosa is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: AVheat, 476,039 bush.; rye, 1,868 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,616,646 bush.; oats, 682,260 bush.; Irish pot's, 111.216 bush.; sweet pot's, 89 bush.; wool, 37,104 ibs.; butter, 733,645 lbs.; hay, 37 936 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,786,- 975. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stoclc, etc., $2,214,146. Value ot manufactures, $406,369. Jones, tn. in Union co,, Iowa. Pop., 840. Jones, CO. in Miss., S. E. central part. Area ahout 520 sq. ml.s. Pop., 3,313; in 1860,3,323. The surface is undulating and gently sloping from N. to S. The soil is productive. The Leaf R. intersects the W. part of the co. and receives the Tallahalla alid Bogue Homo Bs. Ellisville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Indian-corn; 43,187 bush.; oats, 5,662 busli.; Irish pot's, 955 bush.; sweet pot's, 20,503 bush.; cotton, 315 bales; butter. 9 495 lbs. Cash value of farms, $69,080. Totali esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $134,699. Jones, CO. in N. C, S. E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 5,002 ; in 1860, 5,730. The surface is low and marshv. Cod Fish and North West lakes are in the S. E. part. The Trent R. passes through the central part from W. to E. and the Atlantic & North Carolina R. R. touches theN. W. corner. Trenton is tlic co. seat, Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,142 bush.; rye, 767 bush.; Indian-corn, 96,385 bush.; oats, 2,111 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,709 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,139 Ijiish.; cotton, 1,196 hales ; tobacco, 6,030 lbs.; l)utter, 246 lljs. Cash value of farms, $330,495. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $190,43.5. Value of manufactures, $24,450. Jones, tn. in Elk co.. Pa. Pop., 1,091. Jones' BlniT, p. o. in Sumter co., Ala. Jonesborong'h, p. v. in Jetferson co., Ala., on tlie Alabama & Cliattanooga R. R., 11 nils. S. W. of Elyton. Jonesboi-OHgh, tn. in Craighead co., Arlc. Pop., 2,094. Joncsborongk.p. V. in the above tn.and tho CO. seat, 50 mis. from Memphis, Tenn. Pop., L55. Jonesborong'h, p. v. and tlie co. seat of Clay- ton CO., Ga., on the Macon & Western R. it,, 22 nils. N. of Griffln. Pop., 531. One news- paper. Jonesborong'h, tn. in Union co.. 111. Pop., 1,577. Jonesborongh, p. v. in tlie above tn. and the CO. seat, 1 mle. W. of Anna on the Illi- nois Central R. R. ; is a flourishin.g place. Tlie neighboring hills abound in rich iron ore, limestone and coal. North of it is " Bald Knob," the highest point of the state. Pop., ],1(IS. Two newspapers. ^Jonesborong'h, p. v. jn Grant co., Ind., near the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 131^ mis. W. of Hartford City. Pop., 5^1. One newspaper. Jonesborongh, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 522. Jonesborongh, p. o. in the above tn. Jonesborongh, p. o. in Union CO., Miss., 17 nils, from Ripley. Jonesborongh, p. v. in Moore co., N. C, on the Western North Carolina R. R., 37 nils. N. AV. of Fayetteville. "Jonesborongh, p. v. and the co. seat of Washington co., Tenn., on the East Tt^nnes- see, Virginia & Georgia R. R., 32 nil.s. S. W. of Bristol, Va.. and 98 mis. N. E. of Knoxville; in the midst of an agricultural section. Pop., 1,445 Three newspapers. Jonesborongh, p. o. in Brunswick co., Va. Jonesbnrgh, p. v. in IMontgomcry co., ISIo., on the St. Louis, K:iiisas City & Northern Missouri R. R., 20 mis. W. of NVarrenton and 14 mis. E. of Montgomery. Pop. about 600. One newspaper. Jones' Chapel, p. o. in Winston co., Ala. Jones' Corners, p. o. in Holmes co., Ohio. Jones' Cross Roads, p. o. in Tallapoosa co., Ala. Jones' 91ills, p. o. in Merriwether co., Ga. Jones' Itlills, p. v. in Westmoreland co., Pa., 20 mis. from Connellsville. Jones' 9IiIIs, p. o. in Coryell co., Tex. Jonesport, tn. in AV'ashington co., Me. Pop., i.;w.-). Jonesport, p. v. in the above tn., 21}^ nils. from Machias. Jones' Springs, p. o. in Berkeley Co., W. Vo. Jones' Station, p. v. in Dearborn co., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 12 mis. W. of Aurora. Jones' .Station, p. v. in Butler co., Oliio, on the Cincinnati, Richmond & Oliio R. R., 4 mis, N. of Glendale. Jones' Station, p. o. in Haywood co., Tenn., on the Memphis & Louisville R. R., 9 nils. N. E. of Brownsville, the co. seat. Jones' Tan Yard, p. o. in Callaway co.. Mo. Jonestown, p. v. in Coahoma co., Miss. ^Jonestown, p. v. in Lebanon co.. Pa., on Swatara Cr., near the Lebanon & Pine Grove R. R., 7 mis. N. N. W. of Lel)anon. Jonesvillc, tn. in Lassen co., Cal. Pop., 441. Jonesville, p. v. in Bartholomew co., Ind., on tho Jett'ersoiiville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 10'4 mis. S. of Columbus. Pop., 206. .Tonesville, tn. in Greenwood co., Kans. Pop., 2.5:). *Jonesville, p. v. in Hillsdale co., Mich., at the intersection of the Michigan Southern R. R. with the Fort Wayne, Jackson & Sagi- JONESVILLE. 453 JUNCTION. naw E. R., 4 mis. N. N. "W. of Hillsdale. Has manufactories and one newspaper. Pop. about 1,500. JoiiesTilIe, p. o. in Cass co., Mo. JonesTllle, p. v. in Saratoga co., X. Y., 13 mis. N. W. of Waterford. JonesTillc, p. v. in YadMn co., N. C, 35 mis. N. of Statesville. JonesTille, p. v. in Union district, S. C, on the Spartanburgh & Union R. R., 10 mis. N. K. W. of Unionville. JoncsviHe, p. o. in Harrison co., Tex. JonesTille, p. v. in Chittenden co., Vt., on the Winooski R. and the Vermont Central R. R., 914 mis. W. N. W. of Waterbury. Jones vifle, tn. in Lee co., Va. Pop., 3,369. Jonesvillc, p. v. and the co. seat of Lee co., Va., UO mis. W. of A.bingdon. Pop., 274. Jones' "Wharf, p. o. in Surry co., Va. Joplin City, p. o. in Jasper co., Mo. Joppa Tillage, v. in Plymoutli co., Mass., 1 mle. from East and West Bridgewater Sta- tion. Jordan, p, v. in Vermillion co., 111., 14 mis. N. of Danville. Jordan, tn. in "Whitesides co., 111. Pop., 1,196. Jordan, p. o. in Jay co,, Ind. Jordan, tn. in Jasper co., Ind. Pop., 327. Jordan, tn. in Warren co., Ind. Pop., 448. Jordan, tn. in Fillmore CO., Minn. Pop., 683. *Jordan, p. V. in Scott co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Sioux City R. R., 8 mis. S. W. of Shak- opee. Jordan, p. o. in Scotland co.. Mo. ^Jordan, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal and the New York Central R. R., 14% mis. W. of Syracuse and on the outlet of Skanaeteles Lake. Pop., 1,263. One newspa- per. Jordan, tn. in Clearfield co., Pa. Pop., 561. Jordan, p. o. in Lehigh CO., Pa. Jordan, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 473. Jordan, tn, in Northumberland co.. Pa. Pop., 924; Jordan, tn. in Green co.. Wis. Pop., 1,083. Jordan, p. o. in the above tn. Jordan's Chapel, p. o. in Mercer Co., W. Va. Jor, p. o. in Kane co., Utah. Ter. Kanabec, co. in Minn., E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 93 ; in 1850, 30. The surface is roll- ing; the soil fertile but uncultivated. Snake R. intersects the central part of the co., and with its affluents furnishes good water-power. Brunswick is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 100 bush.; Indian-corn, 100 bush.; oats, 200 bush.; Irish pot's, 150 bush.; butter, 300 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,000, Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $7<(0. Value of manufactures, $4,600. Kanarraville, p. v. in Iron co., Utah Ter., 30 mis. S. W. of Parawan, on the road from Parowau to Toquerville. Kanawha, p. o. in Colusa co.. Cat. Kanawha, co. in W. Va., W. central part. Area. 1,150 sq. mis. Pop., 22,349 ; in 1860, 16,150. The Great Kanawha R., from which it derives its name, flows through it from E. to W. and receives Pocotalico, Elk and Coal Rs. and Cabin Cr. The surface is greatly diversifled by mountains and valleys. The soil of the latter is highly productive. Coal is abundant. Kanawha Court House, or Charleston, is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 46,000 bush.; rye, 728 bush.; Indian-corn, 406,826 bush. ; oat.s, 96,268 bush . ; Irish pot's, 44,300 bush. ; sweet pot's, 7,905 bush.; butter, 163,1421bs.; hay, 2,840 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,097,767. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $774,582. Value of manufactures, $1,097,729. *Kanawha Court House, the p. o. of Charleston, the co. seat of Kanawha co. and the state capital of West Va. See Charleston. Kanawha Falls, p. v. in Fayette co., W. Va., on the Great Kanawha R., at the head of navi- gation, and on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 200iuls. W.of Staunton and 87 mis. S. E. of Huntingdon. Kanawha Head, p. o. in Upshur co., W. Va. Kanawha Saline, p. v. in Kanawha co., W. Va., 7 mis. from Charleston. Kanawha Station, p. v. in Wood co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 11 mis. S. E. of Parkersburgh. Kandiyohi, co. in Minn., central part. Area, 375 sq. mis. Pop., 1,760; in 1860, 76. The surface is rolling and the soil but moderately pro- ductive. The main line of the St. Paul & Pa- cific R. R. passes through the N. part of the CO. A number of beautiful clear lakes is dis- tributed over the surface. Lake Elizabeth and Kandiyohi Station are the co. seats. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 20,161 bush.; Indian- corn, 488 bush.; oats, 7,832 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,586 bush.; butter, 25,983 lbs.; hay, 3,823 tons. Cash value of farms, $266,281. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $45,720. Kandiyohi, tn. in the above co. Pop., 553. Kandiyohi Station, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R., 7 mis. W. of Atwater. Pop. about 350. Kane, co. in 111., N. E. part. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 39,091 ; in 18G0, 30,062. The surface is rolling; the soil excellent. Much fruit is grown. The E. part is traversed by the Fox R. trom N. to S. It is intersected by tlie Chicago, Quincy& Burlington R. R. and by the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. Geneva is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 189,251 bush.; rye, 23,618bush.; lndian.corn,674,333 bush. ; oats, 785,608 bush. ; Irish pot's, 211,048 bush.; sweet pot's, 104 bush.; butter, 758,893 lbs.; hay, 73,255 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,322,455. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $2,632,137. Value of manufactures, $4,693,397. Kane, tn. In Greene co.. 111. Pop., 957. Kane, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 42 mis. from Jacksonville and 49 mis. from East St. Louis. Kane, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 763. Kane, tn. in Pottawattamie co., Iowa. Pop., 1,088. Kane, p. o. in Campbell co., Ky. Kane, p. v. in McKean co., Pa., on the Phila- delphia & Erie R. R., 24 mis. N. W. of Bidg way. KANE, 456 KANSAS. Bitnc, CO. in Utah Ter., S. E. part. Pop., 1,513. The Coloraclo of the West intersects the east- ern portion of the co. and liere receives the San Juan R. The surface consists of lofty table-lands, which are intersected by deep canyons. The N. W. corner of the eo. includes a part of the "Wahsatch Range. Toquerville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. 1,663 bush.; rye, 20 bush.; Indian-corn, 5,188 biish.; Irish pot's, 6,225 bush.; butler, 3,500 lbs.; liay, 106 tons. Cash value of farms, $48,845. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $48,516. Value ot manufactures, $11,780. Kane City, p. v. in Venango co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 118 nils, from Lock Haven. Is largely engaged in lumber trade. Pop. about 400. Kaiiesville, tn. in Kane CO., 111. Pop., 999. Kanevllle, p. v. in Kane co., 111., 5 nils. S. of Blackberry Station on the Chicago & North- western R. R. Kankakee, co. in 111., E. N. E. part, border- ing on Ind. Area, 590 sq. mis. Pop., 24,352; in 18G0, 15,412. The surface is level ; the soil fertile. It is drained by the Kankakee R. and its tributaries. It is traversed from N. to S. by the Illinois Central R. R. and the Chicago, I)anville & Vinccnnes R. R. Kankakee is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 103,946 bush.; rye, 12,935 bush.; Indian-corn, 637,399 bush.; oats, 772,408 bush.; Irish pot's, 118,451 bush.; sweet pot's, 39 bush.; butter, 714,- 666 lbs.; hav, 73,585 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,522,509. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,970,196. Value of manufactures, $735,- 639. Kankakee, tn. in tlie above co. Pop., 5,189. ♦Kankakee, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Illinois Central R. R., 56 mis. S. of Chicago; in a highly productive farming dis- trict. It enjoys a large trade, has several man- ufactories and possesses the finest water- power in the state. Pop. about 4,000 ; In 1860, 2,984. Four newspapers. Kankakee, tn. in Jasper co., Ind. Pop.l215. Kankakee, tn. in La. Porte co., Ind. Pop., 1,185. Kankakee River rises in St Joseph co., Ind.; Hows S. W. through La Porte and Starlc COS., where it expands into the Englisli Lake; then it flows W. through Jasper co., and in- tersecting Kankakee co.. 111., joins the Des Plaines R. near Dresden to form the Illi- nois R. Kanona, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., on the Conhocton R. and the Rochester Branch of the Erie R. R., 4 nils. N. W. of Bath. Pop., 190. Kanosli, p. v. in Millard co., Utah Ter., 13}.^ mis. S. of Fillmore City. KANSAS, one of the western states; is bounded on the N. by Nebr., on the W. by Colo. Ter., on the S. by Ind. Ter. and on the E. by Mo., from which it is partly separated by the Mis- souri R. It extends from 94'^ 3S' to 102'-' W. long., and from 37° to 40° N. lat., and has an area ot 81,318 sq. mis., or 52,043,520 acres. jSitJ/ace.— Kansas occupies a portion of that extensive region which gently slopes down from the base of the Rocky Mis. to the banks of the Mississippi R. It has no mountains, yet its surface is far from being a monolouous level. Almost everywhere we meet gentle undvila- tions, or low hills, divided by depressed valleys, ■which the water-courses have dug into the yielding soil ; and there is a groat dilference in the elevation above the sea between the eastern and western portions of the slate. The follow- ing table exhibits this gradual but steady rise of the ground from E. to W., along the line of the Kansas Pacific R. R., which intersects the Btate in this direction : State line —miles 648feeti Lawrence 38 " 230 " Topeka 67 " 788 » Wamego 103 " 902 " FortRUey 135 " 974 " Abilene 162 " 1,057 " Brookville 200 " 1,250 " Fort Harker 218 " 1,484 " Fort Hays 288 " ..1,893 " Ellis 302 " 2,019 " Buftalo 351 " 2,678 <* Gopher 397 " 3,220 « Sheridan 404 " 3,014 ' Pond Creek 422 " 3,175 " This table indicates a range in heiglit betweea tlie extremes of nearly 3,000 feet, and a general fall of the ground from W. to E. of nearly 8 feet per mile, the length of the state being 391}^ mis. Hivers. — The rivers of Kans., without excep- tion, discharge tlieir waters into the Mississippi, either directly or indirectly, and in conformity witli the slope of the land have courses of a general easterly direction. The Missouri R. washes the north-eastern boundary, and has in this short course some broad and very pro- ductive bottoms. Near the Mo. state hue it receives the Kansas R., which rises on the " Plains " of Colo. Ter., and intersects the state to which it has given its name, through its en- tire length. The principal tributaries join the Kansas on tlie N., as the Saline R., which emp- ties near Salina ; the Solomon R.; the Republi- can Fork, which rises in Colo. Ter., flows through southern Nebr., and turning S. E. joins the Kansas near Fort Riley, and the Big Blue R., which rises in Nebr. The Arkansas R., com- ing from Colo. Ter., crosses the western limit of Kans., turns to the N. in Kiowa co., and, de- scribing a wide curve, leaves Kans. in Cowley CO. Its tributary, the Neosho R., intersects the south-eastern cos., flowing from N. to S., and the Cimarron R. traverses the south-western part of the state. Climate and Vegetation. — Kans. has a mild and salubrious climate. At Burlingame, Osage co., the observations made during the year 18.59 in- dicated a mean annual temperature of 52.90°, and a range between extremes of 106°, the mercury rising on the hottest dav to 100° and falling on the coldest to— 6°. The monthly means were as follows : January, 32.75° ; Febru- ary, 33.08° ; March, 45.25° ; April, 49.12° ; May, 64.90° ; June, 72.45°: July, 77.68° ; August, 74° ; September, 66°; October, 53.75; November, 44.85°, and December, 20.95°. The rain-fall was about 31 Indies at Burlingame and 36 1-5 at Ne- oslio Falls. The eastern part of the state has a much larger quantity of moisture than the western, and hence its vegetation is more rank and varied. The forests cover the ricli bottom- lands of the streams, and consist of the decidu- ous trees common in these latitudes. Tlie up- lands in the E. are rich prairies, composed of tall grasses and herbs. In the W. they are cov- ered with grama and buffalo grasse8,w liich have a short curly growth, with dense fibrous roots, deeply penetrating into the dry but fertile soil. Near the western state line tlie valleys are often covered with the white saline efllorescence, so characteristic of arid regions. On the upper alluvial portions of the valleys are fouiul dense growths of the "Sarcolatis," the wild sago (" Artemisia"), and the greasewood (" Obi- one"). Fopulalion.—Ka.na.\ia,d,in 1860,107,200 inhabi- tants, and in 1870, 364,399, an increase during the last census decade of 147 per cent. The poi)Ula- tion in 1870 comprised 346,377 whites, 17,108 eol- ored persons and 9,814 Indians, of whom 911 were out of trilxil relations, about 5,900 were living on reservations and agencies, and about 3,000 ied a nomatlic life. The great majority ot the inhabitants, viz.: 316,007, \vere natives of the United States, includin;' 63,351 natives of the state, 1,402 natives of Couu., 35,5jS ot 111., KANSAS. 457 KANSAS. 80,953 Of Ind., 13.073 of Iowa, 15,918 of Ky., 1,837 of Me., 2,067 of Mel., 2,894 of Maris., 4,406 ot Mich., 29,775 of Mo., 1,158 of N. H., 1,845 of N. J., 18,558 of N. Y., 3,602 of N. C, 38,205 of Oliio, 19,287 of Pa., 6,209 of Tenu., 2.370 of Vt., 9,906 of Va. and W. Va., and 4,128 of Wis. The foreign popula- tion was 48,392, of whom 5,324 were natives of British America, 1,274 of France, 12,775 of Ger- many, 6,161 of England, 10,950 of Ireland, 1,531 of Scotland, 1,021 of "Wales and 588 of Sweden and Norway. The total population of 10 years and more of age numbered 258,051, of whom 73,228 were en- gaged in agriculture, 20,736 in professional and personal services, 11,762 in trade and transpor- tation, and 18,126 in manufacturing, mining and mechanical trades, making an aggregate of per- sons pursuing useful occupations of 123,852. Mines and Minerals. — Kans. has no precious metals, nor are its mineral treasures as great as those of some other divisions of the country. But coal is found in quantities sufficient for all demands, one fleld being situated at Leaven- worth and another occupying the cos. of Linn, Bourbon and Cherokee. Extensive beds of salt occur in the valleys of the Republican, Solomon and Saline Rs., in the northern part of the state, and in the southern part, near the state line, there exists a bed 30 mis. wide and 60 mis. long. Iron, gypsum, alum and petroleum areainong the other minerals of large promise. The building materials of Kans. are famous throughout the west. "Leaven- worth marble," " Junction City marble," " Pe- ruvian limestone," and a brown ferruginous sandstone are the most valuable. AgricuUure.—AQYicwXtvLvti is by far the most important source of wealth in Kans. The east- ern half of the state is well adapted to farming, the western to grazing. The soil of the former is deep and rich, in the forest-covered bottoms as well as on the upland prairies. The culture of cotton has been successfully tried on a small scale iu the south-eastern portion of the state, and promises handsome returns to those who will engage in it. Mulberry trees are indigenous throughout the state, and although but little has j^et been done to test the success of silk- growing, this important branch of industry will probably succeed here if anywhere in the country. It is also believed that the climate and soil of Kans. are favorable to the culture of tea. No portion of the United States is better fitted for wool-growing than central and western Kans., which will probably be settled by per- sons making this and stock raising their sole business. According to the census there were, in 1870, 1,971,003 acres of improved land, 635,419 of wood- land, and 3,050,457 of unimproved land in the farms of Kans. The total value of farms was $90,327,040; of agricultural implements, $4,053,- 312, and of farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, $27,630,651. The value of orchard products was $158,046, and of market gardens $129,013. The products were : Spring wheat, 1,314,522 bush.; winter wheat, 1,076,676 bush.; rye, 85,207 bush.; Indian-corn, 17,025,525 bush.; oats, 4,097,925 bush.; barley, 98,405 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,342,988 bush.; sweet pot's, 49,5.33 bush.; cotton, 7 bales ; tobacco, 33,241 lbs.; wool, 335,005 lbs.; butter, 5,022,758 lbs.; wine, 14.889 gallons ; sorgum molasses, 449,409 gallons, and hay, 490,289 tons. The value of live stock was $23,173,185, and of slaughtered animals, $4,156,386. Kans. had 117,786 horses, 11,786 mules and asses, 123,440 milch cows, 20,774 working oxen, 229,753 other cattle, 109,088 sheep and 206,587 swine. Manufactures.— Ii3,ns. possesses abundant fa- cilities for manufacturing in the ample water- power of its btreams and its vast coal beds. There were in the state, according to the cen- sus report, 1,477 establishments, employing 254 steam-eugmes with 6,300 horse-power, 6,844 hands and a capital of $4,319,060. The value of pro« ducts was $11,775,833, and of raw materials con. sumed, $6,112,163. The wages paid amounted to $2;377,511. The principal articles manufactured, with their value, were as follows : Flour and meal, $2,938,215 ; malt liquors, $236,190 ; boots and shoes, $303,187; carriages and wagons, $236,956; furniture, $285,181 ; iron castings, $326,420 ; sad- dlery and harness, $425,928 ; tin, copper and sheet-iron ware, $356,003; tobacco and cigars, $223,800, and woollen goods, $141,750. A French colony in Franklin, 16 mis. S. W. of Ottawa, have commenced to manufacture silk velvet. They are reported to have one loom in operation, turning out 280 yards of fine vel'vet per da5^ Commerce.— The total commerce of Kans. is, in round numbers, $114,000,000 ; $30,000,000 of whicb. is represented by the transactions of Leaven- worth. The ti'ade in Texas cattle has become a very important branch of business. Largo herds are annually brought by Texas drovers to points along the Pacific R. R. Abiline is the principal cattle depot, and in 1870 50,000 head were sent east from this place, while in 1871 the number of cattle sold or remaining on hand amounted to about 150,000 head. Junction City, Salina, Ellsworth and some places in the south- ern portion of the state are also engaged in this business. The natural commercial facilities of the state are limited, as the Missouri, washing the N. E. border, is the only navigable stream, but railroads have been built very extensively, and the construction of new Imes is being pushed with great vigor. In 1864 Kans. had but 40 mis. of railroad ; in 1866, 240 mis.; in 1868, 648 mis.; in 1870, 1,501 mis., and in 1872, 1,760 mis. The following are the principal lines : Kansas Pacific R. R., from Kansas City, Mo., to Denver, Colo., intersecting the state from E. to W. (638^ mis. ) ; a branch from Lawrence to Leavenworth is 34 mis. long : Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R., from Atchi- son to State Line, 450 mis. of which are in opera- tion, 385 mis. from Atchison to Dodge City, and a branch from Newton to Wichita (27 mis.); Leavenworth, Atchison & Northwestern R. R., (21J<^mls.); Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galves- ton, from Leavenworth to Parker, on the south- ern state line (1433/^ mis.) ; Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., from Junction City to Preston, Tex. (432 mis.), and a line from Sedalia, Mo., to Parsons (160 mis.) ; Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., from Kansas City, Mo., to Baxter on the state line (161 mis.). Wealth, Taxation and Debt.—T\\e total estimat- ed value of real and personal estate in 1870 was $188,892,014 ; the assessed value of the same $92,- 125,861, of which sura $65,499,364 were for real estate, and $26,626,496 for personal property. The state taxes were $809,608 ; the co. taxes, $1,160,138, and the city and town taxes, .$704,246. The indebtedness of the state was $1,593,306 ; of the COS., $3,736,901, and of the cities and towns, $1,112,075. At the Close of the year 1872 the total liabili- ties of Kans. amounted to $1,547,248, and the re- sources of all kinds $1,259,503 ; while the receipts amounted to $1,089,249, and the disbursements to $954,193,leaving a balance in the treasury of $138,327. Education, etc. — Kans. has five universities. The State University at Lawrence was organ- ized in 1864, and embraces a collegiate and a preparatory course. It has a splendid building, on a hill called Mt. Oread, and is admirably provided with all the appliances required by the most advanced methods of instruction. Professorships of drawing and practical chem- istry have lately been added to the faculty. The library and the collection of apparatus are increasing rapidly. In 1870 it had 9 professors and 213 students. The Ottawa University was organized in 1860 by the Baptist church of tha state ; Lane University, at Lecompton, in 1859 KANSAS. 458 KASSON. Baker University, at Baldwin City, in 1858, and Highland University, at Highland, in 1859. The census reports 11 classical institutions, with 03 teachers and 904 pupils, and 4 technical schools, inclusive of the State Agricultural School at Manhattan, which has an endowment of 90,000 acres, has 10 instructors, 194 pupils, and a library of 3,000 volumes. Kans. had, according to the census, 2,0G8 organ- ized school districts, with l,(itl3 public schools, having 1,8G4 teachers and 58,030 pupils. The num- ber of persons between 5 and 21 years of age was 109, 24>. The charitable institutions already establish- ed are in successful operation. The Asylum for the Insane is at Osawatoniie, the Asylum for the Blind at Wyandotte City, and the Asy- lum for the Deaf aiid Dumb at Olathe. The press of Kans. comprised, in 1870, 97 newspapers, with a circulation of 9(;,803. Twelve of these, with a circulation of 17,570, were dailies. The circulation of the following papers exceed- ed 5,000 in 1871: "Kansas Tribune," published atLtcss, Norton, Osage, Osborn, Ottawa, Pawnee, Phillips, Pot- tawattamie, liawlins, Reno, Republic, Rice, Riley, Rooks, Rush, Russell, Saline, Scott, Sedg- wick, Sequoyah, Sewaril, Shawnee, Sheridan, Sherman, Smith, Stafford, Staunton, Stevens, Sumner, Thomas, Wabaunsee, Wallace, Wash- ington, Wichita, Wilson, Woodson and Wyan- dotte. The capital of the state is Topeka, in Shawnee CO. The other incorporated cities are : Atchi- son, Fort Scott, Baxter Springs, Lawrence, Ottawa, Leavenworth, Emporia, Paola and Wyandotte. Kansas, new co. in Kans., forming the S. W. extremity of the state ; has a rolling surface and a productive soil and is intersected by the Cimarron R. Kansas, p. o. in Walker CO.. Ala. Kansas, tn. in Kdgar co.. 111. Pop., 1,018. ^Kansas, p. v. in the above tn., on the Indian- apolis & St. Louis R. R., 12 mis. AV. by. S. of Palis. One newspaper. Kansas, tn. in AVoodford, CO., HI. Pop., 349. Kansas, v. in Bartholomew CO., Ind., 4 mis. from Edinburgh. Kansas, p. o. in Graves co., Ky. Kansas, p. v. in Seneca co., Ohio, on the Lake Erie & Louisville B. K.,13 mis. S. W. of Fre- mont. Kansas, p. o. in Jefferson co., Tenn. ^Kansas €ity, in Jackson co.. Mo., on the Missouri R., where it enters the state, and on the Missouri Pacific R. R., the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., the St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., and on branches of the North Missouri R. R., and of the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 157 mis. W. of Jefferson City. It contains the machine shops of the railroad company, several iron foundries, wagon fac- tories, etc. The city lias a very extensive commerce and is surrounded by a highly pro- ductive and populous region. As a beef-pack- ing mart it surpasses any other western city. Few cities in our country have grown as rapid- ly. It was laid out in 1830; In lS(iO had a pop. of 4,418 ; and in 1870 of 32.290 : so that it is now the second city in the state in size. Seven- teen newspapei's. Kansas River, the principal river of Kansas; is forineil bj^ the confluence of the Republican and Smoky Hill Forks, which rise on the plains of eastern Colorado, and unite near Junction City, about 120 mis. from its mouth. Its course is easterly, and it flows through a gently sloping plain, which is mostly fertile. The principal tributary is the Big Blue R., which rises in southern Nebraska and inter- sects northern Kans. The river empties into the Missouri above Kansas Citj'. In time of high water it is navigable. Kansasville, p. v. in Racine co., Wis., on the Western Union R. R., 19 mis. W. of Racine. Kantz, p. o. in Snyder co.. Pa. Kanwaka, tn. in Douglas co., Kans. Pop., 913. Kaolin, tn. in Iron co.. Mo. Pop., 463. Kaolin, p. o. in Iron co.. Mo. Kaolin, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Kapiouc, tn. in Atchison co., Kans. Pop,, 775. Kai>{>a, p. V. in Woodford co., 111., on the Illi- nois Central R. R., 43 mis. S. of La Salle. Karnes, co. in Tex., S. central part. Area about 000 sq. mis. Pop., 1,705; in 1800, 2,171. The surface consists chiefly of undulating prairies. The co. is drained by the San Anto- nio R. and allluents, as Cibolo Cr., Ecleto Or., Escondido Cr. and others. The soil is pro- ductive. Helena is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Indian-corn, 35,905 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,330 bush.; butter, 5,410 lbs.; hay, 24 tons. Cash value of farms, $4.5,020. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $337,101. Karrsville, p. o. in Warren co., N. J. Karthaus, tn. in Clearfield co., Pa. Pop., 452. Karthaus, p. v. in the above tn., near the West Branch of the Susquehanna R., 28 mis. N. E. of Clearfield. Kasey's, p. o. in Bedford CO., Va. Kasey ville, p. o. in Macon co., iSIo. Kaskaskia, tn. in Fayette co., 111. Pop., 1,220. Kaskaskia, p. v. in Randolph co.. 111., 35 mis. Irom Duquoin. Is the oldest tn. in the state and is pleasantly situated on the Kaskaskia R., and contains a United States land otlice. Kaskaskia River, a tributary of the Missis- sippi K. in 111.; rises in Champaign eo., and flowing S. W. through the state joins the Mis- sissippi 7 mis. below the v. of Kaskaskia. It is navigable. Kasoagr, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensbuigh R. It., 12 mis. N. W. of Camden. Kasota, tn. in La Sueur co., Minn. Pop., 903. Kosota, p. V. in the above tn., on the St. Paul A Sioux Citv R. R. and on the Minnesota R., 77 mis. S. of St. Paul. Kasson, p. o. in Vanderburgh co., Ind. Kassun, i). o. in Madison co., Iowa. Kasson, tn. in Leelenaw co., Mich. Pop., 440 Kasson, p. o. in Ltielenaw co., Mich. KASSON. 459 KELLOGG. *Kasson, p. v. In Dodge co., Minn., on the Winona & St. Peter R. R., 25 mis. from Owa- tonna. Pop., 515. One newspaper. Kasson, p. o. in McKean co., Pa. Kasson, p o. in Barbour CO., W. Va.' Kasson, p. o. in Manitowoc CO., Wis. Katahdin Iron TVorks, p. o. in Piscataquis CO., Me. Katonah, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the Harlem R. R., 44 mis. JS". of New York. Kattclville, p. v. in Broome co., K. Y., on the Syracuse, Bmghamton & New York R. R., V/i mis. N. of Binghamtou. Kanfnaan, co. in Tex., N. central part. Area, 525 sq. mis. Pop., 6,895 ; in 1860, 3,936. The sur- face consists of prairie land. Trinity R. bounds it on the S. W., and the co. is well drained by affluents of the same. Kaufman is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,198 bush.; rye, 45 bush.; Indian-corn, 179,658 bush.; oats, 3,607 bush.; Irish pot's, 135 bush.; sweet pot's, 11^700 bush.; cotton, 1,910 bales ; butter, 1,097 lbs. Cash value of farms, $487,055. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $292,533. Value of manufactures, $33,110. ^'Kaufman, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on Brushy Cr. and 105 mis. W. of Marshall. One newspaper. Kankanna, tn. in Outagamie CO., Wis. Pop., 1,429. Kankauna, p. v. in the above tn., on the Fox R., opposite Kankauna Station on the Chica- go & Northwestern R. R., 5 mis. E. of Apple- ton. Kaw, tn. in Jefferson co., Kans. Pop., 749. Kaw, tn. in Jackson co.. Mo. Pop., 1,612. Kawliawllu, p. v. in Bay co., Mich., at the mouth of the Saginaw R., at the heart of Sagi- naw B. and on the Jackson, Lansing & Sagi- naw R. R., 17 mis. from. East Saginaw. Pop. about 300. Kawkatvlin, tn. in Bay co., Mich. Pop., 756. Kaysville, p. v. in Davis co., Utah Ter., on the Utah Central R. R., 16 mis. from Ogden and 21 mis. from Salt Lake City. Kearney, new co. In Kans., W. part. Area, 720 sq. mis.; has an undulating prairie surface, and is intersected by th'fe Arkansas R. The soil is productive. Kearney, co. in Nebr., S. central part. Area, 512 sq. mis. Pop., 58 ; in 1860, 474, It borders In the N. on the Platte R. and is drained also by small affluents of the Republican Fork. The surface is undulating and consists mostly of prairies. The Burlington & Missouri River R. R. intersects the N. E. part of the co. Fort Kearney is the co. seat. Kearney, tn. in Hudson co., N. J. Pop., 974. *Kearney, p. v. in Clay co.. Mo., on the Han- nibal &, St. Joseph R. R., 10 mis. N. of Liberty. Pop., 395. Kearney City, v. in Kearney co., Nebr., near the Platte R., 7 nils. S. W. of Kearney Junc- tion and 3 mis. W. of Fort Kearney. Kearney Junction, p. o. in Buffalo co., Nebr., at the junction of the Union Pacific R. R. with the Burlington & Missouri River R. R., 191 mis. W. of Omaha. Kearsa^e, p. o. in Erie co.. Pa. Keatchie, p. v. in De Soto parish, La., 20 mis. from Mansfield. Keating:, tn. in McKean co.. Pa. Pop., 1,485. Keating', p. o. in the above tn. Keating, tn. in Clinton co.. Pa. Pop., 4.39. Keating, v. in the above tn., on the Philadel- phia & Erie R. R., 40 mis. W. of Lock Haven. Keating:, tu. in Potter co.. Pa. Pop., 78. Keating:ville, p. o. in Jefferson co., Mont. Keek's Centre, p. o. in Fulton co., N. Y. Keek's Ciiureh, p. o. in Martin CO., Ind. Kedron, p. o. in Osage co., Kans. Kedron, p. o. in Fillmore co., Minn, Keecbie, p. o. in Leon co., Tex. KeedysvUle, p. v. in Washington co,, Md., on the Washington County Branch of the Bal. timore & Ohio R, R,, 13U mis. N, of Knox- ville, Keefer's Corners, p. o, in Albany co., N. Y, Keeler, tn, in Van Buren co., Mich, Pop,, 1,303. Keeler's Bay, p. o. in Grand Isle co., Vt. Keelersbnrgh, p. o. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Keelersville, p. v. in Van Buren co., Mich., 10 mis. from Decatur. Keelville, p. o. in Cherokee co., Kans. Keene, p. v. in Jessamine co., Kv,, 6 mis, from Nicholasville. Keene, tn. in Adams co.. 111. Pop., 1,283, Keene, tn. in Ionia co., Mich, Pop., 1,271. Keene, p. o. in the above tn. Keene, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 5,971. Keene, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Ashuelot R. and at the junction of the Ashuelot R. R. with the Cheshire R, R., 92 mis. N. W. of Boston. Is one of the hand- somest places in New England, and has ex- tensive manufactories. Three newspapers, Keene, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 720. Keene, p. v. in the above tn., on the West Branch of the Au Sable R., 12 mis. W, of Elizabethtown. Keene, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio, Pop., 787. Keene, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis, N, of Coshocton. Keene, p. o. in Portage co.. Wis. Keene Flats, p. o. in Essex co., N. Y. Keener, tn. in Jasper co., Ind. Pop., 71, Keeney's Settlement, p. v. in Cortland co., N. Y'., 8 mis. fronx Apulia Station. Keeney ville, p. v. in Tioga co.. Pa., 111^ mis, W. of Tioga. Keenville, p. o. in Wayne co.. 111. Keep Tryst, p. o. in Washington co., Md, Keepville, p. o. in Erie co.. Pa. *Keeseville, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y., on the Au Sable R., 16 mis. S. of Plattsburgh and 4 mis. W. of Lake Champlain. Has iron and nail manufactories. One newspaper. Keezletown, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. Keffer, v. in Schuylkill co.. Pa., on the Good Spring Branch of the Philadelphia & Erie li. R. Tlie p. o. is Joliett, Keifer, p. o. in Muskingum co., Ohio. KeiflTers, v. in Northumberland co.. Pa., on the Shamoldn Branch of the Northern Central R. R, The p, o, is Snjalertown, 2 mis. dis- tant. Keitb's, p. V. in Noble co., Ohio, 9 mis. S. S. W. of Caldwell. Keithsburgb, tn, in Mercer co.. Ill, Pop., 1.579. *Keitbsbnrg:b, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississippi R., on a branch of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., and at the north- ern terminus of the Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 51 mis, from Galva, Pop., 1,179, One newspaper. Kekoskec, p. v. in Dodge co.. Wis., 10 mis. N. N. E. of llorieon, and on Horicon Lake. Kellersburgb, p. v. in Ai-mstrong co,, Pa,, f>% mis. from Orrsville. Kellerville, p. o. in Dubois co., Ind. Kellersville, p. o. in Monroe co.. Pa. Kelley, tu. in Riplev co.. Mo. Pop., 240, Kelley, p. o. in Mifliin co.. Pa. Kelley's Island, tn. in Erie co., Ohio, Pop., 838. *KeHey's Island, p. v, in the above tn., on Kelley's Island in Lake Erie and 12 mis. N, of Sanduskv. Kelley'sMills, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ohio, Kelley's Store, p. o. in Greenville co., S. C, Kellis' Store, p, v. in Kemper co.. Miss., 12 nils, from De Kalb, Kellnersville, p. o. in Manitowoc co., Wi.s. Kellogg, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 1,507. Kellog-^, p. V. in Jasper co., Iowa, on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., U mis, from Grinnell, KELLOGG. 460 KENNEBUNK DEPOT. Kellogrg, p. o. in Wabasha co., Minn, Kello^gs, p. o. in Douglas co., Oi-eg. Ter. KeIlo^g;sTilIe, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., near Sk;inetiteles Lake, 13 mis. S. E. of Auburn. Kelloggsvillc, p. V. iu Aslitaliula CO., Ohio, r>yi mis. S. E. of North Kiiigsvillc. Kelley, tn. in Warren co.. 111. Pop., 1,295. Kelley, p. o. in Christian co.. Ivy. Kelly, tn. in Cooper co.. Mo. ^op., 1,372. Kelly, tn. in Union co., Pa. Pop., 942. Kelleybnrg'li, p. o. in Lycoming co., Pa. Kelly Point, p. o. in Union co., Pa. Kelly's Corners, p. o. in Lenawee co., Mich. Kelly's Creek, p. o. in St. Clair co., Ala. Kelly's Station, p. v. in Armstrong co., Pa., on the Alleghany Valley R. It., 9 mis. S. of Kittanning. Kellysvilie, p. v. In Delaware co.. Pa., on Darby Cr. and the Westchester It. It., 7 mis. W. of Philadelphia. Kelsey's, tn. in El Dorado co., Cal. Pop., 315. Kelsey, v. in the above tn., 15 mis. S. E. of A-uburn. Kelso, tn. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 1,908. Kelso, p. o. in the above tn. Kelso, tn. in Sibley co., Minn. Pop., 442. Kelso, p. o. iu the above tn. Kelso, tn. in Scott co.. Mo. Pop., 1,000. Kelso, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenu. Kelton, p. o. iu Chester co.. Pa. Kcltoat, p. V. in Box Elder co., Utah Ter., on the Central Pacific R. R., 91 mis. W. of Ogden. Daily linos of stages run from Idaho and Oregon. Kemblesville, p. v. in Chester co., Pa., 61^ mis. S. E. of Elk View. Kemp, p. o. in Kaufman co., Tex. Keiitper, p. o. in Jersey co.. 111. Kcnii>er, co. in Miss., E. part. Area about GOO sq. m!s. Pop., 12,920; in 18(30, 11,GS2. It bor- ders on Ala., has an undulating .surface with productive soil, and is drained by tributaries of the Tombigbee R., the largest of which is Sucarnoochee R. The Mobile & Ohio R. R. in- tersects the CO. from S. to N. De Kalb is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,151 bush.; rye, 3o bush.; Indian-corn, 218,350 bush.; oats, 0,390 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,050 bush.; sweet pot's, 30,995 bush.; cotton, 4,964 bales; butter, 64,010 lbs. Cash value of farms, $722,- 500. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, incluiling additions to stock, etc., $829,751. Vakie of manufactures, $87,390. Kemper City, p. v. in Victoria co., Tex., 15 mis. N. W. of Liivaca. Kcinp« Creek, p. o. in Cleburne co., Ala. Kcnii>sville, tn. in Princess Anne co., Va. Pop.,3,iu0. Keinpsville, p. o. in the above tn. Keniptown, p. o. in Frederick co., Md. *Kenansville, p. v. and the co. seat of Duplin CO., N. C. 7 inls. N. E. of Magnolia and 86 mis. S. E. of Raleigh. Kendalia, p. v. in Senecaco., N. Y., near Seneca Lake, 13 mis. S. of VVaterloo. Kendalia, p. o. in Kanawha co., W. Va. Kendall, eo. in 111., N. E. part. Area, 325 sq. mis. Pop., 12,399; in 18(i0, 13,074. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The Eox R. intersects the northern part, and the Chicago & Burlington R.R.also passes through the N. W. part. Yorkville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 91,930 bush.; rye, 5.163 bush.; Indian-corn, 681,267 bush.; oats, 468,890 bush.; Irish pot's, 79,365 bush.; sweet pot's, 73 bush.; butter, 386,050 lbs.; hay, 23,740 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,583,619. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,490,- 171. Value of luanufacturcs, $111,080. Kendall, tn. in Kendall co.. 111. I'op., 1,445. Kendall, p. o. in the above tn., in the village of Na Au Say, 4 mis. from Oswego. Kendall, p. b. in Van Buren co., Mich. Kendall, tn. in Orleans co., N. Y. Pop., 1,744. Kendall, p. v. in Orleans co., N. Y., 8 mis. N. of Holly. Kendall, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. Kendall, p. o. in Beaver co.. Pa. Kendall, co. in Tex., central part. Pop., 1,536. The surface is rolling and the soil very pro- ductive. The CO. consists chiefly of prairies. Guadalupe R. intersects it from W. to E. and receives numerous small afiiueuts. Cibolo Cr.,a tributary of San Antonio R., rises in and drains the southern part. Boerne is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,045 bush.; rye, 604 bush.; Indian-corn, 51,245 bush.; oats, 50 bush.; Irish pot's, 28 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,737 bush.; butter, 26,458 lbs.; hay, 381 tons. Cash value of farms, $116,960. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $75,766. Value of manufactures, $14,665. Kendall, tn. in La Fayette co., Wis. Pop., 1,131. Kendall Mills, p. o. in Orleans co., N. Y. Kendall's mills, v. in Somerset co.. Me., on the Kennebec R. and at the junction of the Lewistown Division with tlie main line of the Central R. R., 20 mis. N. N. E. of Augusta. Engaged in manufactories. One newspaper. Kendall's Store, p. o. in Stanley co., N. C. ^'Kendallville, city in Noble co., Ind., near the intersection of the Lake Shore & Michi- gan Southern R. It. Avith the Grancl Rapids & Indiana R. It., 28 mis. N. of Fort Wayne and W4 mis. AV. of Waterloo City. It lies on the Eikhart R., and in a productive farming dis- trict. Pop., 2jl64. One newspaper. Kendota, tn. in Todd co., Minn. Pop., 94. Kendrick tn. in Greene co., Iowa. Pop., 887. Kendrick's Creek, p. o. iu Sullivan co., Tenn. Kendnskea§r, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 770. Kenduskea^, p. v. in the above tn., on the Kenduskeag It., 12 mis. N. W. of Bangor. Kcnesaw, p. o. in Cobb co., Ga., on the West- ern & Atlantic It. It., 7 mis. from JIarietta. Kenesaw, p. o. in Adams co., Nebr. Kennanier Cove, p. o. in Marshall co., Ala. Kennard, p. v. in Champaign co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. It., 8 mis. N. N. E. of Urbana. Pop., 70. Kennard, p. o. in Mercer co.. Pa., at the v. of Sugar Grove on the Atlantic & Great West- ern It. R., 20 mis. S. W. of Meadville. Kennebec, tn. in Monona co., Iowa. Pop., Kennebec, co. in Me., S. part. Area about 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 53,203 ; in 1860, 55,655. It has an uneven surface, with a general slope from N. to S. The Kennebec It. passes through the CO. from N. to. S. and receives the outlet of numerous lakes. Farming and manufac- turing are the chief occupations. Augusta is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 25,822 bush.; rye, 2,101 bush.; Indian-corn, 111,246 bush.; oats, 170,371 bush.; Irish pot's, 733,026 bush.; butter, 1.176,423 lbs.; hay, 113,153 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,076,918. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $3,497,195. Principal products of industry : Men's cloth- ing, $637,473 ; sawed lumber, $727,730 ;' oil floor- cloth, $1,064,000, and woollen goods, $1,031,080. Total value of manufactures, $7,006,204. Kennebec Kiver, in Me.; rises in Moosehead Lake, in Somerset co., and flowing in a south- ern direction intersects Kennebec co., and empties into the Atlantic Ocean in Sagada- h-oc CO. It is navigable for large sliipa to Bath and for sloops to Hallowell. Kennebunk, tn. in York co., Me. Pop., 2,603. ^Kcnnebunk, p. v. and port of entry in the above tn., 3 mis. from the sea coast anil '2]4 mis. S. E. of Kennebunk Depot. It has several ship yards, iron foundries and machine shops. Keuucbunk Depot, p. v. in York co., Me. KENNEBUNK LANDING. 461 KENTLAND. on the Portland, Saco & Portsmouth E. R., 20 nils S. W. of Portland. Kennebnnk lianding', p. o. in York CO., Me. Kennebuuknort, tn. in Tork CO., Me. Pop., 2,3 7-2. Kennebnnk Port, p. t. in the above tn., at the mouth of the Kennebunk R. and 4 mis. E. S. E. of Kennebunk. It has a good harbor. Kennedale, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. Kennedy, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on the Atlantic & Great 'Westeni R. R., 9J4 mis. N. E. of Jamestown. Kennedy's, p. o. in Brunswick co., Va. Kennedy ville, p. v. in Kent co., Md., 21 mis. S. \V. of Middletown, Del., and 283^ mis. X. E. of Chestertown. Kenneknk, p. v. in Atchison co., Kans., 6 mis. N. of Muscotah on the Union Pacific R. R. Kenncr, p. v. in Jelierson parish. La., on the Mississippi R. and the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 10 mis. VV". of New- Orleans. Kenner, p. o. in Matag-orda co., Tex. KennerdcH, p. o. in Venango co., Pa. Kennett, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 1,30S. Kennett, p. v. and the co seat of Dunklin co., Mo., 65 mis. S. Vf. of Charleston. *Kennett's S<][uare, p. borough in Chester CO., Pa., on the Philadelphia & Baltimore Cen- tral R. R., 22 mis. mis. W. S. W. of Media, and in the midst of a rich agricultural region. Pop., 884. One newspaper. Kenney, p. o. in De Witt co.. 111. Kennon, p. o. in Belmont co., Ohio. Kennonsburgh, p. v. in Noble co., Ohio, 4 mis. from Millford. Pop., 94. Kenockee, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 1,22V). Kenockee, p. o. in the above tn. Kenosha, co. in Wis., S. E. part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 13,147; in ISoO, 13,900. The surface is level and the soil productive. Limestone underlies the co. Tlie \V. part is drained by Fox R. and Lake Michigan forms the Pj. boundar5'. 111. borders the co. on the S. Kenosha is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 214,.'5(57 bush.; rye, 13,092 bush.; Indian-corn, 269,036 bush.; oats, 359,343 bush.; Irish pot's, 134,463 bush ; butter, 480,599 lbs.; hay, 44,494 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,073,- 921. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,457,695. Value of manufactures, $1,370,863. *Kenostaa, city and the co. seat of Kenosha CO., AVis., on Lake Michigan, and at the junc- tion of the Kenosha Division of the Chicago & Nortlnvestern R. R. with the Lake Michi- gan & Milwaukee Division, 51 mis. N. of Clii- cago. It has an excellent harbor and largely exports the products of the highly cultivated and fertile country surrounding it. Pop., 4,309. Three newspapers. Kensett, p. o. in White co., Ark. Kensico, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the Harlem R. R., 20 mis. N. of New York. Kensing^ton, p. v. in Hartford co.. Conn., near Berlin at the junction of the New York, New Haven & Hartford ,li. R. with the Branch R. R. to Middletown. Kensington, p. o. in Cook co.. 111. Kensing-ton, p. v. in Oakland CO., Mich., 7 nils, from Milford. Kensington, tn. in Rockingham CO., N. H. Pop.. 642. Kensington, p. o. in the above tn. Kent, til. in Litchfield co., Conn. Pop., 1,744. Kent, p. V. in the above tn., on the Housatonic R. and R. R., 13 mis. N. of New INUH'ord. It has several blast furnaces, and does a large trade in tobacco. One newspaper. Kent, CO. in Del., central part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop., 29,804; in 1860, 27,804. It bor- ders in the E. on the Delaware B.-and in the W. on Md., and is drained by Duck Cr., the liead waters of the Choptank R. and Mispil- lian Cr. The surface is level and the soil pro. ductive. The canning of fruit is an import- ant branch of industry, and yielded in 1870 the value of !ij212,273. Dover is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 321,954 bush.; rye, 6,391 bush.; Indian-corn, 855,178 bush.; oats, 145,238 bush.; Irish pot's, 81,788 bush.; sweet pot's, 25,418 bush.; butter, 221,212 lbs.; hay, 7,239 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,167,- 760. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,322,817. Value of manufactures, $1,119,122. Kent, tn. in Stephenson co.. 111. Pop., 1,116. Kent, p. o. in the above tn. Kent, p. V. in Jefferson co., Ind., 8 mis. W. of Madison. Pop., 309. Kent, tn. in Warren co., Ind. Pop., 601. Kent, CO. in Md., N. E. part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop., 17,102 ; in 1860, 13,267. It extends from the Chesapeake B. to the Del. state line : has a slightly undulating surface and a pro- ductive soil, and is bounded on the N. by the Sassafras R. and on tlie S. by the Chester R. Chestertown is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 473,601 bush.; rye, 139 bush.; Indian-corn, 723,824 bush.; oats, 143,6r)3 bush.; Irish pot's, 44,003 bush,; sweet pot's, 3,331 bush.; butter, 155,974 lbs.: hay, 4,286 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,401,750. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,110,803. Value of manufactures, $4()0,650. Kent, CO. in Mich., W. central part. Area, 730 sq. mis. Pop., 50,403; in 1860, 30,716. The sur- face is level ; the soil fertile and well culti- vated. Grand R. intersects tlie central part from E. to W., and the co. is well watered by branches of the same. The Detroit & Milwau- kee R. R. intersects the S. part from E. to W. Grand Rapids is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 704,089 bush.; rye, 3,760 bush.; Indian-corn, 405,281 bush.; oats, 343,556 bush.; Irish pot's, 480,999 bush.: wool, 251,721 lbs.; butter, 862,309 lbs.; hay, 47,983 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,692,422. Total, estimated, value of all farm proiluctions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,955,404. Value of man- ufactures, $5,417,347. Kent, p. V. in Newton co.. Mo., 14 mis. S. E. of Neoslio. Kent, tn. in Putnam co., N. Y. Pop., 1,547. *Kent, p. V. in Portage co., Ohio, on the Cuya- hoga R., the Pacific & Ohio Canal and the At- lantic & Great Western R. R., 7 mis. W. of Ra- venna. It has good water-power and several manufactories. The machine shops of the railroad ai-e located here. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. Kent, p. V. in Indiana co., Pa., 10 mis. S. W. of Indiana. Kent, CO. in R. I., central part. Area aliout 175 sq. mis. Pop., 18,595 ; in 18G0, 17,303. It bor- ders in the E. on Narragansct B. aufl in the N. on the Pawtucket R. The princi|>al streams are Moosup, Wood and Flat Rs. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The CO. is intersected by the Hartford, Providence & Fishkill R. R. East Greenwich is the co. seat. Agr. p.'-oductions in 1870: Rye, 5,1.52 bush.; oats, 4,9.55 bush.; Indian-corn, 31,707 bush.; Irish pot's, 94,035 bush.; butter, 103,227 lbs.; hay, 10,234 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,614,465. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $631,934. Principal products of industry: Bleaching and dyeing, .$1,770,000; cotton goods, $4,521,272, and printing of cloths, $5,340,430. Total value of manufactures, $12,893,407. Kent €lifls, p. o. in Putnam co., N. Y. *Kentland, p. v. and the co. seat of Newton CO., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati* St. Louis R. R., 36>4mls. W. of Monticello and 90 mis. S. of Chicago. Center of a rich agricultu- ral district, and has several manutactorics. Pop., 802. Two newspapers. KENTON. 462 KENTUCKY. Kenton, p. v. in Kent co., Del., on the Mary- land & Delaware K. R., 4% mis. S. W. of Clay- ton. Kenton, p. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. Kenton, co. in Ky., N. part. Area, 146 sq.mls. Pop., 30,006; iu 1S(;0, 2.'),4(i7. The surface is hilly ; the soil quite productive. Licking R. forms the entire eastern boundary. The Lex- ington & Co^^ngton R. R. intersects the E. part from N. to S. Covington is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 33,564 bush.; rye, 30,870 bush.; Indian-corn, 374,165 bush.; oats, 69,489 bush.; Irish pot's, 80,545 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,307 bush.; tobacco, 360,983 lbs.; tutter, 226,1'2S lbs.; hay, 3,875 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,294,aS5. Total, estimated, value of all farnr productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,218,688. Value of manufac- tures, $;3,590,173. Kenton, p. v. in Kenton co., Ky., on the Ken- tucky Central R. R., 14 mis. S. of Covington. Kenton, p. o. in Christian co.. Mo., in the v. of Linden, 12 mis. from Springfleld. Pop., 81. ^Kenton, p. v. and the co. seat of Hardin co., Ohio, on the Scioto R. and the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R., 71 mis. N. W. of Columbus. It is pleasantly situated in a pro- ductive plain and is rapidly improving. Pop., 2,610. Two newspapers." Kenton, p. v. in Obion co., Tenn., on the Mo- bile & Ohio R. R., 15 mis. S. of Union City. Kentontown, p. o. in Roliertson co., Kv. *Kent's Hill, p. v. in Kennebec co.. Me., 12 mis. N. "\V. of Augusta and 3 mis. N. W. of Readflcld Depot on the Maine Central R. R. Is the scat of a female academy. Kent«i 9Iilli», p. o. in Wythe co., Va. Kents Store, p. o. in liast Feliciana parish, La. Kentnck, p. o. in PittSAdvania co., Va. KEKTITCKY is boun"ded on the K. by Ohio, Ind. and 111., on the W. by Mo., on the S. by Tenn., and on the E. by Va. and W. Va. The Ohio washes its northern border, the Big Sandy R. its eastern and the Mississippi its western. •whUe the crest of the Cumberland Mts. marks its south-eastern limit, separating it froui Va. The area is 37,480 sq. mis., or 23,987,200 acres. Surface.— The eastern is the highest portion of Ky., and is occupied by the western slopes and outlying ridges of the Cuinljerland Mts. These ridges either trend parallel with the I)rincipal chain, like the Pine Mts., the Ken- tucky Ridge and others, or they branch off from the Cumberlands at right .angles, trending N. W. and, like the Owsley Mts., separating the headwaters of several important tributaries of the Ohio R. Neither the Cumberlands or their branches attain fully the height of 3,000 feet above the level of the sea, yet the entire region occupied by them is extremely broken, and the streams traverse narrow and deeply de- pressed valleys between precipitous and dense- ly timbered heights. A line from the point where the Big Fork of the Cumberland R. crosses the southern line of the state to the junction of the Tug Fork ami the West Fork of the Sandy R. marks the western limit of the mountain region. That portion of the state which extends west- ward fi-omthis line to another line drawn from the S. E. corner of Trigg co. to the Ohio R., near the mouth of S.alt R.,is an undulating table-land, and may be considered as the continuation of the Highland Rim of Tenn. (See Tenn.) It has an elevation above the seaof 6W) to 900feet,and its surface is considerably diversified. In the cen- ter of the state the undulations attain, in Mul- draughs Hill, to a considerable height, and along the banks of the Ohio extends a range known as the Ohio hills. The extensive district iu the midst of which lie the cities of Frankford and Lexington is a plain, mueli lower than the general surface of the plateau, and famous, as the " blue grass region," for its extraordinary fertility of soil. It is the garden of the state, and has a soil of deep black mould, almost without sand. Much of the counti-y between the Cumberland and Green Rs. is occupied by the so-called " Barrens," treeless plains of poor soil, with isolated wooded hills, or "oak knobs." A striking feature of the state is the sinkholes and limestone caverns, large numbers of wliich occur ju the portion lying S. W. of the center. The famous Mammoulh Cave in Edraonston co. has, with its branches, an extent of probably more than 40 mis., and consists of a series of con- nected chambers, from the vaults of which hang immense stalactites, while stalagmites, equally gigantic, rise from the floors in the form of pointed pillars and columns. The sinkholes are cone-shaped depressions or cavities, from 60 to 70 feet deep, and from 60 to 300 feet in cir- cumference at the top. In some cases the bot- tom is open and discloses a subterranean stream. The -western part of Ky. is a gently rolling plain. iJryers.— Nearly all the streams draining this state are affluents of the Ohio R., which washes the entire northern boundary, a distance of over 600 mis. The Sandy R. is formed by the Tug Fork and the West Fork, both of which rise in Virginia and burst through depressed gaps of the Cumberland Mts. The Tug Fork and the main stream form the north-western state line. Licking R. rises in Magoflin co., flows N. W. and empties into the Ohio R. op- posite Cincinnati, between the cities of Coving- ton and Newport. It is not navigable. The Kentucky R. is formed by the North, Middle and South Forks, which rise in the Cumberland Mts. and unite in Owsley co. It joins the Ohio, near Trestonville, and is navigable for 65 mis. Salt R. intersects the center of the state and empties near West Point. Steamboats ascend it 25 mis. above its mouth. Green R., the largest stream belonging exclusively to the state, rises in Lincoln co., flows W. as far as Muhlenburg CO., and turning N. N. W. empties a few nils, above Evansville, Ind. For a distance of 200 mis. it is navigated by steamboats, and smaller craft ascend still farther. The Big Barren It., Pond R., Saline Cr. and Rough Cr. are its prin- cipal tributaries. The Cumberland R. rises in the mountain chain bearing the same name, bursts through several of the lower ridges, and after describing a very tortuous course makes a bend into Tenn. It re-enters the state in Trigg CO., and joins the Ohio near Smithland, in Livingston co. It is navigable to Nashville, Tenn. Of the Tennessee R. the lower course only belongs to Ky., and it joins the Ohio a few mis. above Paducah. It is navigable far be- yond the limits of the state. The Mississippi R. washes the western border and receives iu Ky. but a few small tributaries, as Mayfield Cr., Obion R. and Bayou de Chien. Ciimaie. — The clim.ate of Kj^. is mild. The winters usually last from December to the end of March, and on the whole are not severe, though the thermometer occasionally falls as low as 15° Falir. In the southern cos. cattle rarely require shelter. The summers are long and warm, with rise of temperature to 95° and even 100°. The mean annual temperature in the middle portions of the state is about 55°. South-westerly winds prevail in the spring and summer, and fain falls most abundantly in the winter and early spring, while the summer and fall are often distinguished by long droughts, Ky. when flrst settled was well timbei-ed, and tlie mountainous or hilly portions are even now covered with extensive forests of deciduous trees. The "Barrens" resemble 1=he more north, em prairies and atl'ord good pasturage. I^opululion.— Kv. had, in 1790, 73,677 inhabi- tants ; in 1800, 220,955; in ISIO, 406,511; in 1820, 564,135; in 1830, 687,917; in 1840, 779,828; in 1850, 982^05 ; iu 1860, 1,155,684, and in 1870, 1,321,011. Of KENTUCKY. 463 KENTUCKY. tlie last number there were 1,098,692 wliltes and 222,210 colored persons. The largest part of the population was native of the United States, viz.: 1,257,613, including 1,080,998 natives of the state. The foreign-born population numbered but 63,- 398 inhabitants, or 4 4-5 per cent, of the whole. It comprised 1,082 natives of British America, 30,318 of Germany, 4,173 of England. 21,612 of Ire- land, 1,019 of Scotland, and 1,147 of Switzerland. The number of persons above 10 years of age was 930,136, of whom 414,593 were engaged in use- ful occupations, viz.: 261,080 in agi-iculture, 84,- 024 in professional and personal services, 25,292 in trade and transportation, and 44,197 in manu- factures and mechanical and mining industries. Mining and Minerals. — Kentucky is abundant- ly supplied with productive coal beds and iron fleposlts. The coal crops out on the river banks and hill sides in the eastern portions of the state and on the Ohio. Although not yet ex- tensively mined, it will in future supply the domestic requirements and support an exten- sive manufacturing industry. The principal coal mines are in the north-eastei"n portion of the state, and yield a very superior coal. Agriculture.— ls.er\t\\c\s-y has a productive soil, and, with the exception of tlie highest ridges or a few limited areas and sandy knobs in the "Barrens," is every where Avell adapted to the purposes of the farmer and stock I'aiser. The region of the Licking and Kentucky Rs.,from their sources to the banks of the Oliio R., and measuring a hundred mis. square, is one of the richest in the United States, and possesses in its deep black mould an inexhaustible source of wealth. Indian-corn and tobacco are the great staples of the state. In 1870 there were produced 50,091,066 bushels of the former, and 105,305,869 lbs. of the latter, mostly grown in the Ohio val- ley. The other productions were : Spring wheat, 38,532 bush.; winter wheat, 5,690,172 bush.; rye, 1,108,933 bush.; oats, 6,620,103 bush.; cotton, 1,080 bales: wool, 2,234,450 lbs.; Irish pot's, 2,391,062 ' bush,; sweet pot's, 802,114 bush.; wine, 62,360 gallons ; butter, 611,874,978 lbs.; hay, 204,399 tons, and sorghum molasses. 1,740,453 gallons. The live stock had a ' value ol $66,287,343, and comprised 317,034 horses, 90,230 mules and asses, 247,615 milch cows, 69,719 working oxen, 382,993 other cattle, 936,765 sheep, and 1,838,227 swine. The slaughtered animals had a value of $24,121,- 861. The improved land measured 8,103,850 acres ; woodland, 9,134,6.58 acres, and other unimproved land, 1,421,598. The cash value of farms was $311,238,896; of farm implements, $8,572,898 ; and of all farm productions, including additions to stock, $87,477,374. The amount of wages paid during the year, including value of board, was $10,709,382. Manufactures. — In 1870 there were in Ky. 5,390 manufacturing establishments against 3,450 in 1800. The number of steam-en";ines was 1,147, with 31,928 horse-power, and the number of hands employed was 30,636, who received $9,444,524 in wages. The capital invested was $29,277,809 against $20,256,579 in 1860, and the value of productions $54,625,809 against P7,931,240. The principal industries were as follows : Agricul- tural implements ; (value of goods in 44 estab- lishments), $1,384,917 ; the 420 boot and shoe shops produced goods of $1,144,684 in value; the car- riages and wagons had a value of $1,339,909; men's clothing, $l,0(jS,2.5S ; flour and meal, $7,886,734; furniture, $1,361,149 ; forged and rolled iron, $2,- 464,928; pig iron, $2,182,482; iron-castings, not specified, $2,363,473 ; leather, tanned and curried, $1,693,574 ; distilled liquors, $4,532,730 ; sawed lum- ber, $3,662,086; saddles and harness, $1,013,852; tin, copper and sheet-iron ware, $1,051,020 ; chewing, smoking and snnfling tobacco, $1,647,- 669 ; cigars, $449,335, and woollen goods, $897,057. Commerce and Railroads. — The great border Streams of Ky., and the navigable rivers inter- secting it, attord excellent commercial facili- ties, and the surplus products of the state, as salt, beef, pork, bacon, cotton bags, etc., are shipped in steam and flat boats to New Orleans. Large numbers of horses and mules are annu- ally driven to the Atlantic States, and com- mand a good price. As regards the construction of railroads, Ky. has not kept pace with the states north of it. In 1841 the railroad mileage was 28, and remained so for the next 7 years, in 1851 it had increased to 94 ; in 1862 to 567, and in 1872 to 1,123. The principal lines are : The Eastern Kentucky R. R., from Riverton to Grayson (23 mis.), with two short branches to the coal mines of 5 mis.; the Elizabethtown & Padueah R. R. (185 mis.), of which 160 mls.W. of Elizabethtownare in opera- tion; the Kentucky Central R. R., from Coving- ton, opposite Cincinnati, to Lexington (99 mis.); the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., from Louisville to Lexington (93>^inls.), with a branch from La Grange to Covington (77}^mls.); the Louisville & Nashville R. R. (185 mis.), with a branch to Bardstown (17 mis.), anotherto Liv- ingston (110 mis.), another to Richmond (33J4 mis.), and anotherto Tenn. state line (46i/^mls.), and thePaducah & Memphis R. R. (165 mis.), ot which 631^ mis., from Padueah to Troy, Tenn., are in operation. Education, ecep R. and 7 mis. from Clinton. Kill Mills, p. o. in Warren co., N. J. Killniore, p. o. in Clinton co., Ind. Killon, tn. in Jackson co., 111. Pop., 959. Kilnianagli, p. o. in Huron co., Mich. Kilmarnock, p. v. in Lancaster co., Va., 7 mis. from Lancaster Court House. KIMBALL. 467 XINGSBOROUGH. Kimball, p. o. in Jasper co., Iowa, Kimball, tn. in St. Clair co., Micli. Top., 1,091. Kimball, p. o. in Bosque co., Tex. Kimbertnn, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., near French Cr. and 4 nils, from Phcenixville. Kimble, co. in Tex., VV. part. Area about 850 sq. nils. Fop., 72. The co. consists chiefly of prairies and plains, and lias a rather dry cli- mate. The North Fork of the l^lano Il.,a tributary of the Colorado, flows through it from AV. to E., and receives within it numer- ous small afliuents. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 150 bush. Cash value of farms, $180. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,0.t0. Kimbolton, p. o. in Chatham co., N. C. Kimboltoii, p. o. in Guernsey co., Ohio, in the V. of Liberty, 9 mis. from Cam'bridge. Pop., 169. Kiiubrough, tn. in Arkansas co., Ark. Pop., 611. Kiineo, p. o. in Washington co., Kans. Kinimel, p. o. in Indiana co.. Pa. Kimmswick, p. v. in Jetferson co., Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain E. R., 11 mis. S. of Jefferson Barracks. Kimsliew, tn. in Butte CO., Cal. Pop., 857. Kiniintinuy, tn. iu Marion co.. 111. Pop., 1,89,5. Kiinulga, p. v. in Talladega co., Ala., on the Selma, lionie & Dalton K. K., IG mis. S. W. of Talladega. Kinai'd's Turnout, p. v. in Newberry dis- trict, S. C. Klnai-dville, p. o. in Colleton disti'ict, S. C. Kincaid, tn. in Jackson co.. 111. Pop., 1,049. Kinotieloc, p. o. in Harrison co., W. Va. KinderliooU, p. v. iu Van Burcn co.. Ark. Kiiiderhook, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop., 1,4.54. Kiitdei-Iiook, p. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, Wabasli & Western II. R., 12 mis. K. by S. of Hannibal, Mo., and 22 mis. S. S. E. of Quincy. Kinde'riiook, tn. iu Branch co., Mich. Pop., 637. Kinderliook, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Cold water. Klndei'book, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 4,0.i5. *Kinderhook, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. E. of the Hudson R., at Stuyvesant Landing, 6 mis. W. of Chatham Village. Hasan academy and a cotton manufactory. One newspaper. Kinderhook, p. o. in Pickaway co., Ohio, at the village of Yellow Bird on the Cmcinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R., (i% mis. W. of Cir- cleville. Pop., 514. Kinderliook, tn. in Washington co.,Va. Pop., 2,391. Kinderhook Station, v. in Columbia co., N. y., on the iSoston & Albany R. R., 71^ mis. N. W. of Chatham. The p. o. is Niverville. Kinderkamack, p. o. in Bergen co., N. J. King', tn. in Cluistian co.. 111. Pop., 413. King', p. o. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Kin^', CO. in Wash. Ter., central part. Pop.,2,120 ; in 1660, 302. It extends from Puget Sound in the W., to the crest of the Cascade Mts. in the E., and is drained by the Snohomish and White Rs. The eastern part of the co. is mountainous, the western is level and well timbered. Samanish Lake and Lake Wash- ington aredrained by White R. Seattle isthe CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 3,872 bush.; oats, 14,135 bush.; Irish pot's, 42,981 buf.li.; butter, 34,755 lbs.; hay, 1,884 tons. Cash value of farms, .$'.262,9s0. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to siock, etc., $82,505. Value of manu- factures, ^305,287. King- and iok, p. o. in Metcalf co., Ky. Knob Lale, p. o. in Jefferson co., Pa. Knox Hill, p. o. in Walton co., Fla. Knox l^oint, p. o. in Bossier parish, La. Knox Station, p. o. in Waldo co.. Me. I£^noxville, j). o. in Greene co., Ala. Knoxville, p. v. in Lake CO., Cal., 15 mis. S. E. of Lower Lake. Pop., 164. Knoxville, p. v. and the co. seat of Crawford CO., Ga., 15 inls. from Fort Valley. *Knoxville, p. v. and the co. seat of Knox co., 111., on a branch of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 5 mis. from Galesburg. It lies in a fertile prairie, and has several manufac- tories. Pop., 1,883. One newspaper. Knoxville, tn. in Marion co., Iowa. Pop,, 4,750. *Knoxville, p. v. and the co. seat of Marion CO., Iowa, 12 nils, from Pella ; in the midst of a lumber and mineral section. It has fine water-power. Pop., 800. Two newspapers, Knoxville, p. o. in Pendleton co., Ky. Knoxville, p. o. in Claiborne parish. La, Knoxville, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., on the Potomac R. and at the junction of the Balti- KNOXVILLE. 472 KYTE RIVER. more & Ohio U. E. with the Washington Branch. Pop., 320. Knoxvllle, p. o. in Franklin co., Miss. Knoxville, tu. in Ray co., Mo. Pop., 2,469. Kiioxville, p. V. in the above tn.,14 mis. from Richmnnd. Knoxville, V. in Stcnhen co., N. Y. Pop., 7S5. Knoxville, p. v. in .Jefferson co., Ohio, 4 mis. from MeCov's Station on the Cleveland & Pittsbnrfrli R. R. Pop., 1G5. •Knoxville, p. v. in Tioga co., Pa., on Cowan- esque Cr., 19 mis. W. of Lawrencehurgh. Pop., 400. *Knoxville, city and the co. seat of Knox co., Tenn.; is beantifully situated on the Hol- ston R., on the East Tennessee, Virginia &, Georgia R. R., the Knoxville & Kentucky R. R. and the Knoxville & Charleston R. R., 112 mis. N. K. of Chattanooga and 457 mis. S. W. of Petersburgli, Va. The great valley of east Tenn., of wiiich Knoxville is the prin- cipal city, is one of the most fertile regions of our countrj', and the mountains which in- close or traverse it abound in picturesque and grand scenery. K. has an extensive com- merce, and its manufactories are of consider- able importance. The city is the scat of the University of East Tennessee, and contains several academies and the State Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb. Pop., S,G32 ; in 18G0 about 6,000; in 1850, 3,G90. Six newspapers. Knoxville, p. v. in Cherokee co., Tex., 25 mis. from Rusk. Knoxville, p. o. in Marshall co., VV. Va. Koeh's, p. o. in Wayne co., Ohio. Koohvillc, tn. in "Sagiuaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,070. Kodiak, p. o. on Kodiak Island, Alaska. Koeltzto^vn, p. o. in Osage co.. Mo. Kolilsville, p. o. in "Washington CO., Wis. *Ko]sonio, p. V. and the co. seat of Howard CO., Ind., on Wild Cat Cr. and at the intersec- tion of the Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R. with the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., .54 mis. N. of Indianapolis and 107 mis. S. S. E. of Chicago. It is a flourishing and growing place. Pop., 2,177 ; in 1860, 1,010. Three newspapers. Kolniar, tn. in Olmsted CO., Minn. Pop., 972. Konewock, p. o. in Yakima co.. Wash. Ter. Koniska, p. o. in McLeod co., Minn. Kootenay, or Kootanie, new co. in Idaho, embracing the northern extremity of the territory; includes portions of the Koota- mie and'Cour d'Allene Mts. It is traversed by the Clark Fork and the Coeur d'Allene Rs., and includes Kaniska, Pend d'Oreille and Coeur d'Allene Lakes. Althougii much of the soil is fertile, the climate is too cold for profitable farming. The co. is well watered and well timbered. Kootanie River, a tributary of the Colum- bia R.; rises in the Rocky Mts., British Colum- bia, and flows through northern Mont, and Idaho Ters. Kopcll, v. in Mercer CO., Ohio. Pop., 305. Koi'o, p. o. in Winnebago co., Wis. Koronis, p. o. in Meeker co., Minn. Kortrl^'Iit, tn. in Delaware Co., N. Y. Pop., 1,812. Kortri$!:lit, p. o. in the above tn. KosciuKko, CO. in Ind., N. part. Area, 588 sq. mis. Pop., 23,920; in 1860, 17,418. The surface is undulating, and about two-thirds of the co. are covereil with forests. The principal streams are Turkey Cr. and Tippecanoe R. They drain several beautiful lakes. Along Turkey Cr. extends a large prairie, which has an exceedingly productive soil and is in a high state of cultivation. The Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R. intersects the co. The Cincin- nati, Wabash & Michigan R. R. connects with it at Warsaw, the co. seat. Agr. productions lnl870: AVheat, 528,502 bush.; rye, 3,499 bush.; Indian-corn, 276,820 bush.; oats, 73,591 bush.; Irish pot's, 75,755 bush.; sweet pot's, 235 bush.; butter, 418,304 lbs.; hay, 18,005 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,714,620. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,586,170. Value of manufac- tures, .'ij790,371. Kosciusko, p. V. and the co. seat of Attala CO., Miss., on a branch of Pearl R., 15 mla. from Durant. Center of trade for the sur- rounding neighborhood. Pop., 577. Two news- papers. Kosltkonon^, tn. in Jefferson co., Wis. Pop., 3,.302. Koshkonons', p. v. in Rock co.. Wis., on tho Chicago &, Northwestern R. R., 5 mis. from Milton's Junction. Kosse, p. o. in Limestone co., Tex. Kossuth, p. o. in Washington co., Ind. Kossuth, CO. in Iowa, K. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 3,351 ; in 18G0, 416. Part of the co. consists of prairie land ; not very fertile. It is watered by the E. fork of Des Moines R. and is bounded N. by Minn. Algona is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : ^Vheat, 52,253 bush.; Indian-corn, 6.5,137 bush.; oats. 67,825 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,449 bush.; wool, 1,540 lbs.; butter, 86,131 lbs.; hay, 7,442 tons. Cash value of farms, $630,580. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $227,639. Value of manufactures, $153,780. Kossuth, p. v. in Des Moines co., Iowa, 2 mis. from Mediapolis. Kossuth, p. o. in Washington co.. Me. Kossuth, p. V. in Alcorn co.. Miss., IS mis. from .Tacinto. Kossuth, p. o. of the v. of Six Mile Aqueduct, in Auglaize co., Ohio, on the Miami Canal, U mis. N. W. of Wapakoncta. Pop., 112. Kossuth, p. o. in Clarion co., Pa. Kossuth, tn. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Pop., 2.186. Kossuth Centre, p. o. in Kossuth co., Iowa. Koszta, p. V. in Iowa co., Iowa, 8 mis. from Marengo. Kouskokwin River, in Alaska Ter.; lisea W, of the Cliigmit Mts. and empties into Kouskokwin B., a branch of Behring Sea. Kout's Station, p. v. in Porter co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Chicago & St. Louis R. R., Gl^ mis. W. of La Crosse. Koylton, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 422. Krakon, p. o. in Franklin co.. Mo. Kratzerville, p. o. in Snyder co., Pa. Kreanicr, yi. o. in Snyder co., Pa. Kreidersville, p. o. in Northampton CO., Pa. Kreiscl's Mills, p. o. in Benton co.. Mo. Kresgeville, ii. v. in Monroe co.. Pa., 14 mis., E. of Maneb Chunk. Kriek'« Mill, p. o. in Berks CO., Pa. Kripple Rush, p. o. in Ulster co:, N. Y. Kroghville, p. v. in Jefferson co., Wis., 12 mis. from Johnson's Creek. Krohne, p. o. in Burleson co., Tex. Kuokville, p. o. in Orleans co., N. Y, Kulpsville, p. V. in Montgomery co.. Pa., 4 mis. N. W. of North Wales. Kunokle, ]i. o. in Luzerne CO., Pa. Kunkletown, p. o. in Monroe co., Pa. Kuttawa, p. o. in Lyon co., Ky. Kutztown, p. V. in Berks co,, Pa., 2^4 mis. N. ol'Lyon's Station, on the IMiiladelpliia & Read- ing B. IX. Po]-)., 940. One ncwsjiapcr. Kwichpak River. See Yukon River. Kygrer, p. o. in Gallia co., Oliio. Kylertown, p. v. in Clearlield CO., Pa.. 9 mle. N. Of Pliillipsburgh. Kyles Ford, p. o. in Hancock co., Tenn. Kyserike, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y., 14 mis. from Kingston. Kyte River, p. v. in Ogle co., 111., 3 mis. from Itochelle. LABADDIE. 473 LA CEOIX. L. Labaddie, p. v. in Franklin CO., Mo., on the Missouri & Pacific R. R. and on the Missouri R., 45 mis. "W. of St. Louis. liabadieville, p. o. in Assumption parish. La. liabaiisville, v. in Lehigh co., Pa., on Lion Cr., (JSmls. N. W. of Philadelphia. lia Belle p. v. in Lewis co., Mo., on the Quin- cy, Missouri & Pacific R. R., 32 mis. N. W. of ^uincy, 111. liabette, co. in Kans., S. E. part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 9,973. The surface is generally level and the soil productive. The co. is in- tersected by the Neosho R. and drained by the small affluents of this stream. It borders on Ind. Ter. Oswejro is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 2S,514bush.; rye, 500 bush.; Indian-corn, 1'28,543 bush.; oats, 3i,4S9 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,484 bush.; sweet pot's, 845 bush.; butter, 69,'218.1bs.; hay, 5,956 tons. Cash value of farms, $1^851,390. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $457,907. Value of manu- factures, $175,700. liabette, tn. in the above co. Pop., 282. Liabette, p. v. in Labette co., Kans., on the Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 8 mis. S. E. of Parsons. A young and thriving place ; sup- porting one newspaper. liabada, v. in Adams co., 111., at the crossing of the Keokuk Branch of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R.with the Chicago, Durlington & Quhacy li. R., 7 mis. from Clayton. The p. o. is Keokuk Junction. I^acellc, p. o. in Clarke co., Iowa, 49 mis. S. by W. of Des Moines. JLacey, p. o. in Drew co.. Ark. JLacey, v. in De Kalb co., 111., 10 mis. S. of Bcl- videre. liacey, p. o. in De Kalb co.. 111. Ijacey Spring', p. v. in Rockingham co., Va., <5l^ nils, from Uowman's Mills. liacey's Spring", p. o. in Morgan co., Ala. L.acey ville, p. o. in Harrison co., Ohio. liacey ville, p. v. in Wyoming co., Pa., on the East Uranch of the Susquehanna R. and the line of the Pennsj'lvania & New York Canal and R. R. Co., 15G mis. from Eastonand23nils. N. W. of Tuukhannock. The North Branch Canal passes by this place. Pop. about 50. liacU, tn. in Juniata CO., Pa. Pop., 1,290. Itackawack, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., 6 mis. N. W. of Warwarsing. Liaclcafcanna, tn. in Luzerne co., Pa. Pop., 5,133. liackawanna, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lackawanna & Bloomsburg R. R., 3 mis. S.W. of Hyde Park. I/ackawaunock, tn. in Mercer co., Pa. Pop., 1,079. Xackawannoc River, a tributary of the East Branch of the Susquehanna R., in Lu- zerne CO., Pa. liackawaxen, tn. in Pike co.. Pa. Pop., 1,757. JLackawaxen, p. v. in the above tn., at the junction of the Lackawanna R. with the Dela- ■ware R. and the New York & Erie R. R., 22% mis. N. W. of Port Jervis and 110 mis. from Jersey City. It is the eastern terminus of the Honesdale Branch. Lackawaxen Kivcr, a tributary of the Dela- ware R., rises in Wayne co., and flowing through Pike co. joins the main river at the V. of Lacka waxen. liackeinnte, p. o. in Polk co., Oregon Ter. I,a Clair, p. v. iu De Kalb co., 111., 534 mis. N. of Earlviile. I-a Clede, tn. in Fayette co., 111. Pop., 1,242. lia Clede, p. v. in the above tn., on the Illinois Central R. R., 21 mis. S. W. of Effingham. Iiaclede, co. in Mo., S. central part. Pop., 9,380 ; in 1800, 5,182. It is drained by tributa- ries of Osage and Gasconade Rs., and lying in the Ozark region has a broken surface, wliich is intersected by exceedingly tertile river valleys well adapteil to agriculture. Iron and lead are found. The co. is intersected by the Atlantic <& Pacific R. R. Lebanon is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 66,993 bush.; rye, 889 bush.; Indian-corn, 317,154 bush.; oats, 57,8.55 bush.; Irish pot's, 27,872 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,378 bush.; tobacco, 31,750 lbs.; butter, 86,940 lbs.; hay, 1,851 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,097,560. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, incuding addi- tions to stock, etc., $439,277. Value of manu- factures, $94,713. *Iiaclede, p. v. in Linn co.. Mo., on the Hanni- bal & St. Joseph R. R., 38 mis. W. of Macon citj-. It is surrounded by a rich farming re- gion, and ships large quantities of country produce. Coal is abundant in the vicinity. One newspaper. liacon, tn. in Marshall co., 111. Pop., 2,440. *X.acon, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Illinois R. and Lacoii Branch of the Chicago & Alton R. R., 19 mis. W. of Weuona. Steamboats ascend the river to this place, and large quantities of grain are shipped. Pop., 2,105. Two newspapers. liacon, p. o. in Maries co.. Mo. ILacona, p. o. in VVari-en co., Iowa. Liacona, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ky., 10 mis. from Louisville. liacona, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. lOaconia, p. o. in Desha co., Ark. liacouia, p. v. in Harrison co., Ind., near the Ohio R. audio mis. S. of Coiydon, the co. seat. liaconia, tn. in Belknap co., N. H. Pop., 2,309. *Iiaconia, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Winnipiseogec Lake and the Boston, Concord & Montreal R. R., 27 mis. N. of Con- cord. It is a manufacturing town and has one newspaper. Iia Conner, p. o. in Whatcom co.. Wash. Ter. liacoxie, v. iu Jasper co.. Mo., on the Mem- phis, Carthage & Northwestern R. R., 12 mis. N. W. of Pierce City. liac-qui-parle, co. in Minn., W. part. Pop., 145. The Minnesota R. forms the N. E. boun- dary, and here receives the Lac-qui-parle and other rivers. The surface consists chiefly of rolling prairies. Agr. productions in 1870. Butter, 6,010 lljs. Cash value of farms, $1,355. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tion, inchiding additions to stock, etc., $2,243. liac-qwi-parlc, tn. in Redwood CO., Minn. Pop., 307. liac-qui-parle, p. v. in MePhail co., Minn. Iia Crescent, tn. in Houston co., Minn. Pop., 961. Iia Crescent, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississippi R. nearly opposite La Crosse, Wis. It is the eastern termhius of the Southern Minnesota R. R. Pop., 380. Iia Croix, v. in Laporte co., Ind., at the cross- ing of the Lake Shore & Mieliigan Southern R. R. with the Louisville, North Albany & Chicago 11. R. The p. o. is Crossing. LA CROIX. 474 LA FAYETTE. Iaiie, p. o. in Henry co.. Mo. Liacniia, tn. in Logjin'co., 111. Pop., 091. lineiiiia, p. o. in the above tn. lia Fars'e, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. *Iia Fargeville, p. v. in Jeffei'son co., N. Y., li^ nds. N. of Brownville. liafave, tn. in Scott CO., Ark. Pop., 17.5. Iia Fayette, co. in Ark., forming the S. AV. ex- tremity of the state. Area about SjO sq. mis. Pop., 9,139 ; in 1860, 8,464. It borders on La. and Tex. The surface is undulating and cov- ered with deciiluous forests and i^rairies in about equal proportions. The co. is drained by the Red R. and its tributaries, Sulphur Fork and Bayou Bodeau. Lewisville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian- corn, 247,004 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,463 bush.; sweet pot's, 22,203 bush.; cotton, 9,572 bales. Cash value of farms, $1,215,616. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $974,551. Value of manufactures, $25, ,300. I.a Fayette, v. in Chambers co., Ala., on the East Alabama & Cincinnati R. R., 18 mis. from Opelika. Quite a cotton mart. Pop., 1,382. One newspaper. I^a Fayette, tn. in Crawford co., Ark. Pop., 902. lia Fayette, tn. in Ouachita CO., -Aj-k. Pop., 1,131. I^a Fayette, tn. in Scott co.. Ark. Pop., 400. Lia Fayette, p. v. in Contra Costa co., Cal., 12 mis. N. E. of Oakland. £.a Fayette, co. in Fla., N. part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., 1,783 ; in 1860, 2,0()8. The surface is mostly level ; the soil not much cultivated. The Suwannee R. flows along the entire N. and E. borders, and the Gulf of Mexico forms the S.AV. boundary. New Troy istheco. seat. Agr. productions "in 1870 : Oats, 789 bush.; In- dian-corn, 28,4.55 bush.; Irish pot's, 12 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,180 bush.; cotton, 171 bales; butter, 4,638 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1)6,195. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $104,- 086. la Fayette, p. v. and the co. seat of AValker CO., Ga., 15 mis. W. of Dalton. Pop., 251. Iia Fayette, parish in La., S. part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 10,388: in I860, 9,003. The sur- face is nearly level; the soil fertile. It is intersected from N. to S. by the Vermillion R., which is navigable for steamboats. A'^ermil. lionville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 238,020 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,803 bush.; sweet pot's, 47,043 bush.; cotton, 6,234 bales ; sugar, 128 hhds.; rice, 221,600 lbs.; butter, 40,166 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,118, 526. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro. ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $852,093. A'alue of manufactures, $700,500. I.a Fayette, tn. in Coles co.. III. Pop., 1,205. Iia Fayette, tn. in Ogle co., III. Pop., 467. Lia Fayette, p v. in Stark co.. III., on the Peo- ria & Rock Island R. R., 7 mis. W. of Toulon. Pop., 284. Iia Fayette, tn. in Coles co.. 111. Pop., 1,265. Iia Fayette, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 1,471. Iia Fayette, tn. in Floyd 00., Ind. Pop., 1,576. lia Fayette, tn. in Madison co., Ind. Pop., 1.4.52. Iia Fayette, tn. in Owen co., Ind. Pop., 1,071. *lia Fayette, city and the co. seat of Tippeca- noe CO., Ind., on the AVabash R.and at the In- tersection of the Toledo, AVabash & AVestern R. R. with the Louisville, New All>any & Chi- cago R.R., 203 mis. S.AV. of Toledo.Ohio, and 120 mis. E. of Decatur, 111. Has several important manufactories. The surrounding country is very rich and populous. Pop., 13,506 ; in 1860, 9,387. Seven newspapers. Iia Fayette, tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,120. Iia Fayette, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 867. Iia Fayette, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 959. Iia Fayette, p. v. in Linn co., Iowa, 12 mis. N. of Grand liapids. Iia Fayette, tn. in Story co., Iowa. Pop., 401. Iia Fayette, co. in Miss., N. part. Area, 675 sq. mis. Pop., 18,802; in 1860, 16,125. It has a nearly level surface and highly productive soil. "The Tallahatchie R. flows through the northern part ; the Yockenej' R. through the southern. The Mississippi Central R. li. in- tersects the CO. from N. to S. Oxford is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 17,864 bush.; rye, 27 bush.; Indian-corn, 470,305 LA FAYETTE. 475 LA GRANGE. bush.; oats, 16,667 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,692bush.; sweet pot's, 23,772 bush.; cotton, 9,007 bales; butter, 26,300 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,857,- 047. Total, estimated, value of all fann pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2 125,337. Value of manufactures, $390,800. Im Fayette, co. in Mo., W. part. Pop., 22,623 ; in 1860, 20,098. It borders in the N. on the Mis- souri R., and is drained by its tributaries, Big Sniabar, Big Toba and Davis Cra. The sur- face is level or slightly undulating. The river bottoms are well timbered ; the uplands con- sist mostly of rich prairies. The soil is everywhere productive. Sandstone, limestone and coal are found. The Lexington Branch of the Missouri & Pacific B. R. intersects the CO. Lexington is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 421,567 bush.; rye, 8,442 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,576,126 bush.; oats, 268,881 bush.; Irish pot's, 91,345 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,023 bush.: tobacco, 113,735 lbs.; butter, 154,045 lbs.; hay, 7,292 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,- 623,785. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,806,904. Value of manufactures, $803,- 352. I, p. o. ill Wilson co., Tenn. lagnna de la Madre, a long and narrow bay on Um fS. E. coast of Tex. It is separated from the Gulf of Mexico by Padre Island. lagnnita, p. o. in Inyo co., Cal. la Harpe, tn. in Hancock co.. 111. Pop., 1,741. *la Harpe, p. v. in the above^tn., at the junc- tion of the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw It. R. with tlie Burlington Branch of the same, 84 mis. W. of Peoria. Pop., 98.i. lahai-ika, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., G mis. N. E. of Dovlestown. la Ilogue, p. o. in Iroquois co.. 111. la Honda, p. o. in San Mateo co., Cal. laing'.<4, p. o. in Monroe co., Ohio. laingsburgb, p. v. in Shiawassee co., Mich., on the Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. E., 12 mis. S. E. of Owosso. It has saw mills, an iron foundry, and is an active business place. One newspaper. lalrdsville, p. o. in Oneida co., N. Y. lairds ville, p. v. in Lycoming co., Pa., 13 mis. E. of Muncy. lairs Station, p. v. in HaiTison co., Ky., on the Kentucky Central R. R., 4 mis. S. of Cyn- thiana. la Joy a, p. o. in Socorro co., N. IMex. Ter. la Jnnta, p. v. in IMora co., N. Mex. Ter., 25 nils. S. E. of Mora. Pop., 1,107. lake, CO. in Cal., W. central part. Pop., 2,969. It consists of the valley of Cli^ar Lake, with the surrounding mountains. Tlie range which forms the western boundary is locally known as the Mayaeannas Mts., ami that which forms the eastern as the Bear Mts. Numerous small creeks empty into Clear Lake, flowing either through deep canons or broad vallevs. There is much arable land of excellent quality in these valleys and near the shores of the lake. Farm- ing and stock raising are the chief pursuits. Large quantities of butter and cheese are ex- ported. An important source of wealth con- sists in the borax and suli)hur deposits which abound in great profusion near Clear Lake. The bottom of Borax Lake, a small sheet of water near Clear Lake, contains enormous quantities of biborate of soda. The co. seat is Lakeport. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 87,016 bush.; rye, 850 bush.; Indian-corn, 11,- 615 Inish.; oats, 3,894 bush.; Irish pot's, .5,154 bush.; wool, 58,046 lbs.; butter, 84,268 lbs.; hay, 5,296 tons. Cash value of farms, $713,100. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm protluctions, including additions to stock, etc., $316,928. "Value of manufactures, $260,290. lalce, CO. in Colo. Ter., W. part. Pop., 522. This large co. extends from the border chain of the South Park to the western boundary of the territory. The eastern extremity in- cludes the valley of the sources of the Arkan- sas R., and is inclosed between the loftiest chains of the Rocky Mts., bearing Mt. Har- ward, Mt. Yale and other peaks. Grand R., a branch of the Colorado, flows through the co. from E to W^., and receives Bunkara B. from the N. and the Uncompahgre R., Rio Los Dolores, and other alfluents, from the S. Un- compahgre Mts., Pine Mts., Elk Mts. and other branches of the great Rocky Mt. system occupy the larger portion of the co. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 2,173 bush.; lye, 90 bush.; oats, .5,383 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,530 bush.; butter, 3,721 lbs.; hay. 111 tons. Cash value of farms, $19,375. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $35,405. Value of manufactures, $3,5,550. lake, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. E. part. Hasan uneven surface, mostly consisting of prairies. It is intersectetl by the Big Sioux R., and in- cludes numerous small lakes. lake, CO. in 111., N. E. part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 21,014; in 1860, 18,257. The surface is level; soil clayey and remarkably fertile. The CO. is bounded 'N. by Wis. and on the E. by Lake Michigan. It contains a large number of small lakes, which are well stocked with flsh. The Des Piaines li. flows through it from N. to S.; Fox R. drains the W. part. The Chicago & Milwaukee K. li. passes along the lake shore, and the Chicago & Northwestern Jt. U. touches the S. W. bonier. Waukegan is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : \Vheat, 169,135 bush.; rye, 5,870 bush.; Indian-corn, 517,353 bush.; oats, 699,069 bush.; Irish pot's. 222,234 bush.; sweet pot's, 200 bush.: butter, 9-i7,533 lbs.; haj', 76,337 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,698,599. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding aUi.litions to stock, etc., $2,265,727. Value of manufactures, $692,928. lake, tn. in Cook co., 111. Pop., 3,360. LAKE. 477 LAKE HILL. I^ake, CO. in Incl., N. W. part. Area, 480 sq. mis. Pop., 12,35-2 ; in 18(50, 9,145. The northern part of the co., bordering on Lake Michigan, consists of an unproductive sand-plain, cov- ered with dwarf pine and cedar. S. of Turkey Cr. the soil is a rich alluvium. Along the Kan- kakee R., whicli borders the co. on the S., ex- tend swamps and marshes. The co. is intoi-- sected by the different railroads connecting Chicago with the eastern part of the country. Crown Point is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 03,397 bush.; rye, 6,242 bush.; Indian-corn, 189,017 bush.; oats, 364,008 bush.; Irish pot's, 73,516 bush.; butter, 557,820 lbs.; hay, 40,994 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,132,- 015. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $958,925. Value of manufactures, $337,373. liake, tn. Allen co., Ind. Pop., 1,309. liHke, tn. in Newton co., Ind. Pop., 378. JLake, p. o. in Spencer co., Ind.; is the p. o. of the V. of Richland City. I.ake, tn. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa. Pop., 1,164. Liakc, tn. in Muscatine co., Iowa. Pop., 843. Kiake, tn. in Monona co., Iowa. Pop., 175. liake, CO. in Mich., E. part. Area, 4,50 sq. mis. Pop., .548. The surface is flat and in some parts swampy ; the soil good. It is intersected m the N. E. part by Pine R. and in the S. W. by Marquette R. Cash value of farms, $43,600. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $13,- 079. Ijake, p. o. in Xewaygoco., Mich. liake, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., 1,002. liake, tn. in Huron co.. Mich. Pop., 325. liake, tn. in Lake co., Mich. Pop., 28. liake, CO. in Minn., N. E. part. Ai-ea about 3,000 sq. mis. Pop., 135 ; in 1860, 248. The sur- face is elevatetl and rolling; the soil moder- erately productive. A number of small rivers flow through the co., emptying into Lake Su- perior, which forms the S. E. boundary. Pigeon R. and the range of lakes which are drained by the Rainy'Lake R. form the N. boundai-y, separating the co. froin British America. Beaver Bay is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: "Wheat, 220 bush.; Irish pot's, 650 bush.; hay, 445 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,000. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,500. Value of manv;factures, $10,600. liake, p. V. in Scott co.. Miss., on the Vicks- burg & Madison R. R., 41 mis. E. of Brandon. liake, tn. in JUichanan co.. Mo. Pop., 297. liake, p. o. In St. Louis co.. Mo. liake, p. o. in Washington co., N. Y. liake, CO. in Ohio, N. E. part. Area, 220 sq. mis. Pop., 15,935 ; in 18B0, 15,576. This co. is bounded N. by Lake Erie, and is drained by Chagrin and Grand Rs. The surface is rolling and the soil a fertile clay loam. Emit is quite exten- sively cultivated, and iron ore is foxmd here. Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. inter- sects the CO. Painesville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "Wheat, 84,165 bush.; rye, 2,.550 bush.; Indian-corn, 236.771 bush.; oats, 202,948 bush.; Irish pot's, 700,910 bush.; sweet pot's, 118 bush.: butter, 409,550 lbs.; hay, 22,009 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,287,028. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,368,588. Value of manufactures. $1,328,889. liake, tn. in Stark co., Ohio. Pop., 2,113. liake, p. V. in the above tn., 11^^ mis. S. E. of Akron. lake, tn. m Logan CO., Ohio. Pop., 3,753. lake, tn. in Ashland co., Ohio. Pop., 701. lake, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 1,120. lake, tn. in Luzerne CO., Pa. Pop., 597. lake, p. o. in the above tn. lake, tn. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 524. lake, CO. in Tenn., N. W. part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 2,428. It borders in the N. and W. on the Mississippi R. and is drainecl by Redfoot R. The surface is slightly un. dulating and the soil productive. Tipton- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,000 bush.; Indian-corn, 414,570 bush.; oats, 1,892 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,455 Inish.; sweet pot's, 4,382 bush.; butter, 25,548 lbs.; hay, 104 tons. Cash value of farms, $882,411. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $398,348. Value of manufactures, $18,3.50. lake, p. o. in Robertson co., Tex. lake, tn. in Milwaukee co., Wis. Pop., 2,974. lake Addie, p. o. in McLeod co., Minn. Iftlse Arthnir, p. o. in Calcasieu parish. La. lake Belt, tn. in Martin co., Minn. Pop., 296. lake Butler, p. V. and the co. seat of Brad- ford CO., Ela., 11 mis. S. of Olustee. Pop., 1,073. lake Charles, p. V. and the co. scat of Cal- casieu parish. La., on the Calcasieu R., 39 mis. E. of Orange, Tex. One newsjiaper. lake t'icott, p. o. in Cass co., Inil. lake City, p. v. in Siskiyou co., Cal., 16 mis. S. of Fort Bidwell. lake City, p. o. in Minnehaha co.. Dak. Ter. *lake City, p. v. and the co. seat of Columbia CO., Fla., on -Jackson, Pensacola & Mobile R. R., 12 mis. W. of Olustee. Three mis. S. of it is the famous Alligator Lake, which in the wet season is several sq. mis. large, but in winter retires into a deep sink hole, and the former bottom is transformed into a grassy meadow. It has no visble outlet. Pop. about 800. One newspaper. lake City, p. v. and the co. seat of Calhoun CO., Iowa, 27 mis. S. W. of Eort Dodge. Pop., 103. One newspaper. lake City, p. o. in Ionia co., Mich; lake City, tn. in Wabashaw co., Minn. Pop., 2,608. *lake City, p. v. in the above tn., on Lake Pepin and on St. Paul & Chicago Division of Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 10 mis. above Read's Landing and 93 mis. below St. Paul. It has several saw mills and ships large quanti- ties of grain. Pop. about 1,000. Two news- papers. lake Comfort, p. o. in Hyde co., N. C. lake Conio, p. v. in Wayne co.. Pa., 6 mis. from Stockport Station, N. i'. lake Creek, p. o. in Williamson co.. 111. lake Creek, p. o. in Benton co.. Mo. lake Creswell, p. o. in Panola co.. Miss. lake Crystal, p. v. in Blue Earth CO., Minn., on the St. Paul & Sioux City R. R., 13 mis. W. of South Bend. Pop,, 360. lake I>ruinnioiid, p. v. in Norfolk co., Va., 15 mis. S. of Portsmoulh and on Lake Drum- mond in the Dismal Swamp. lake Elizabetli, tn. in Kandiyohi co., Minn. Pop., 77. lake Elizabeth, p. v. and the co. seat of the above co. lake Enstice, p. o. in Orange co., Fla. lake Five, p. o. in Washington co.. Wis. lake Forest, p. v. in Lake co.. 111., on Lake Michigan and the Chicago & Northwestern R. R , 8 mis. S. of Waukegan. lake Fork, tn. in Logan co.. 111. Fop., 398. lake Fork, p. o. in Ashland co., Ohio. lake Fremont, p. o. in Sherburne co., Minn. *iake George, or Caldwell, p. v. and the CO. seat of Warren co., N. Y., at the southern end of Lake George, 13>^ mis. N. W. of Moreau Station on the Saratoga & White Hall R. R. lake Orifliii, p. o. in Sumter co., Ela. lake Grove, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 50 mis. E. of Brooklyn, lake Marbor, p. o. in Muskegon co., Mich. lake Harold, p. v. in Meeker CO., Minn., 3 mis. S. of Litchfield, the co. seat. lake Henry, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop, 159. lake Hill, p. o. in Ulster CO., N. Y. LAKE JOHANNA. 478 LAMAR. I>ake Jobanna, tn. in Pope co., Minn. Pot)., 219. liake Jolianna, p. o. in tlie above tn. L.akcland, tn. iii Wasliingtonco., MLnn. Pop., 595. liakeland, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Croix K., nearly opposite Hudson, Wis., and 10 mis. E. of St. Paul. liake l7. One newspaper. liancaster, co. in Nebr. Area, 861 sq. mis. Pop., 7,074 ; in 1860, 153. It consists chiefly of level or undulating prairies, and is drained by Salt Cr., an affluent of tlie Platte R. In the center of the co., around Lincoln, is the fa- mous salt basin, which yields immense quan- tities of this article. The Burlins^ton & Mis- souri River R. R. and the Midland Pacific R. R. pass through theco. Lincoln is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1.33,187 bush.; rye, 45.5 bush.; Indian-coi-n, 134,400 bush.; oats, 73,239 bush.; Irish pot's, 32,118 bush.; sweet pot's, 25 bush.; butter, 94,018 lbs.; hay, 7,974 tons. Cash value of farms, .$2,136,053. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- chiding additions to stock, etc., $578,414. Value of manufactures, $57,727. liancaster, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 2,248. »Iiancastcr, yi. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, at the innetion of. Israels R. with the Connecticut R. and on the Boston, Concord & Montreal R. R., 4.5% mis. N. E. of Wells River, Vt. It is the center of a thriving trade. Two newspapers. Lancaster, tn. in Erie CO., N. Y. Pop., 4,33fi. liancaster, p. v. in the above tn., on Cayuga Cr. and the Buffalo Branch of the Erie II. R., 10}4 mis. E. of Buffalo. Pop., 1,697. *Iiancaster, city and the co. scat of Fairfield CO., Ohio, on the Hocking R. and at the inter- section of the Hocking Valley R. R. with the Cincinnati & Zancsville R. R., 21 mis. N. E. of Circleville and 43 mis. S. W. of Zancsville. Is a thriving place, with a large local comniercc. Pop., 4,725; in 1860, 4,303. Two newspapers. liancaster, co. in Pa., S. E. p.-irt. Area, 920 sq. mis. Pop., 121,340; in 1860,116,314. The sur- face is generally rolling, with some low ranges of hills, as the Martic, or INIine Ridge, in the southern, and the Forest Hills in the north- ern, part. The Concwago Hills separate this CO. from Dauphin co. The streams intersect- ing and draining it are tributaries of the Sus- quehanna, which separates it fronx York co., as Cliiques Cr., Conestoga Cr., Pequea Ci'., Fishing Cr., Conowingo (Jr. .and Octorara Cr., which forms in part its S. E. boundary. No CO. In the state is more productive thaii this, so thoroughly cultivated, or possesses a bet- ter class of larm buildings. The soil in the northern part is a rich limestone, in the south- ern atalcose slate, which yields readily to cul- tivation. It is intersected liy the Pennsvlva- nla Central R. R., Reading & Columbia R. R. and their branches. Lancaster is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2.077,413 bush.; rye, 88,245 bush.; oats, 1,943,577 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,820,82.5 bush.; Irish pot's, 419,755 bush.; sweet pot's, 5.3,821 bush.; butter, 2,462,- 376 lbs.; hay, 124,185 tons. The tobacco crop for 1872 was estimated at 20,00u cases of 350 lbs. each, or over 9,000,000 of lbs., making it the largest tobacco-growing co. in the cbuntrv. Cash value of farms, .$70,724,908. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., 811,845,208. Prin- cipal products of industry: Cotton goods, $1,757,321; flour, §3,011,928, and pig iron. $2,024,- 551. Total value of manufactures, .$14,034,180. , liancaster, tn. in liancaster co., Pa. Pop., 1,062. ■^liancaster, city and theco. scat of Lancaster CO., Pa., near Conestoga Cr. and on the Penn- sylvania Central R. R., 6J mis. ^V. of Philadel- p'hia and 37 mis. E. S. E. of Harrisburg. It is connected with the Reading & Columbia K. R., and a narrow gauge railroad connects it with Quarryville. The city is surrounded by the richest agricultural district of the state, and has many fine public and private buildings : as the Court House, County Prison, Home for Friendless Children, a new opera house, the buildings of Franklin and Marshall College, and of the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Chui'ch, all of Avhich latter are situateargh, p. v. in Perry co., Pa., on Sher- man's Cr., 17 mis. S. W. of Newport on the Sus- quehanna R. Pop., 369. Kiaiidis' Store, p. o. in Berks CO., Pa. JLaiidis Valley, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. liandisville, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., at the intersection of the Pennsylvania Central R. R. with the Reading & Columbia R. R., 7 mis. N. \V. of Lancaster. LiandisTille, p. o. in Cumberland co., N. J. Liaiid of Promise, p. o. in Princess Anne co., Va. liandsdale, p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., on the North Pennsylvania R. R., at the junction ■with the Doylestown Branch, 22 mis. N. of Philadelphia and 10 mis. W. S. W. of Doyles- town. An important maniafactnring and trade center. Two ne^vspapers. Xiandsford, p. o. in Chester district, S. C. liaiic, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ind. JLane, tn. in Warrick co., Ind. Pop., 870. Iancsbiirg, tn. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Pop., 1,123. I/anes CreeU, p. o. in Union co., N. C. X.anesfield, p. v. in Johnson co., Kans. Name changed to Edgarton ; on the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., 15 mis. from Olathe. liaiie's Prairie, p. o. in Maries CO., Mo. Xianesville, p. v. in Litchtield co., Conn., on the Housatonic R. R., 3U mis. N. of Brook- fleld. lianesTille, p. v. in Harrison co., Ind., II mis. W. by S. of New Albany. Liaiiesville, p. v. in Floyd co , Ky., on the West Fork of the Big Sandy R., 9 rills, below Piketon. I^anesville, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., on the northern shore of Cape Ann Peninsula, 5 mis. N. of Gloucester. Xianesville, p. o. in Greene co., N. Y. I.ang-liei, p. o. in Pope co., Minn. I^ang'ladc, p. o. in Oconto co.j Wis. lyaiig-ley, p. o. in Aiken district, S. C. I^aiisrley, p. o. in Fairfax co., Va. iLiang'ola, tn. in Bei^ton co., Minn. Pop.. 85. liaii;; Ola, ]>. v. in the above tn., on the Missis- sippi It., 17 mis. aliove Sauk Rapids. Xiang'ston, p. v. in Montcalm co.,Mich., II mis. from Greenville. liang'stoii Station, p. o. in Baker co., Ala. liang'sville, p. o. in ]\Ieigs co., Ohio. Ii'Anguille, p. o. in St. Francisco., Ark. I.anier, tn. in Preble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,634. liannon Spring's, p, o. in Waukesha co.. Wis. fj'Anse, tn. in Houghton co., Mich. Pop., 33. Xiansing', p. v. in Cook co.. 111., on the Indian- apolis and Chicago Division of the Columbus, Chicago <& Indiana Central R. R., 27 mis. from Chicago. Xiansing', tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 2,519. ^L.ansing', p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Mis- sissippi R, and Chicago, Dubuque & Minne- sota R. R., 28 mis. from McGregor, 54 mis. be- low La Crosse and 50 nils, above Prairie du Chien. Ships large quantities of grain and produce. Pop., 1,755. Two newspapers. Xiansing, tn. in Ingham co., Mich. Pop. ,6,064. ^Xiansing', city in the above township, and the capital of Mich., at the confluence of Grand and Cedar Rs., and at the junction of the Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R. witli the Peninsular R. R. and the Lansing Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan South- ern R. R., 37 mis. W. of Jackson, 85 mis. N. W. LANSING. 482 LAREDO. of Detroit and 38 mis. S. E. of Ionia. It has considerable commerce, ami, as the rivers af- ford excellent Avater-power, is largely en- gaged iu manufacturing. Flouring mills, saw mills, chair factories, sash and blind factories, and a woollen mill are the principal establish- ments. The State House, a handsome build- ing, lies 50 ft. above the stream. L. is the seat of the State Agricultural College, the State Reform School and a Female College. Pop. in 1850, 1,-2'2'J ; in 1860,3,074, and in 1870, 5,'211. Two newspapers. T.aiising, tii. iu Mower CO., Minn. Pop., 773. liaiisiiig', p. V. in the above tn., on the Mil- waukee & St. Paul 11. R., 6 mis. N. of Austin, tlu! CO. seat. Liansin^, p. o. in Oswego CO., N. Y. L.ansiiig', Iu. in Tomplcins co., N. Y. Pop., 2,874. Liaiisiiig', p. o. in Tioga CO., Pa. liansiiig'bur^h, tn. iu Rensselaer co., K. Y. Pop., 6,8U4. ^liansiu^biirgh, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hudson K. and the Troy & Boston R. R,, ^14 mis. N. of Troy. It has numerous manufac- turing establishments and considerable river trade. A bridge connects it with Waterford. Pop., (),37'2. One newspaper. l.aiising:ville, p. v. in Tompkins CO., N. Y., 1'2 nils. X. of Ithaca. Pop., 67. liansliig^ville, v. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop., 110. Liaiitz Mills, p. o. iu Shenandoah co., Va. l.aoiia, tn. in Winnelsago co.. 111. Pop., 742. Liaoiia, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. of Du- rand Station. Liaoua, p. o. in Gage co., Nebr. Laoiia, ]). v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on the Dunkirk, Alleghany Valley & Pittsburgh R. R., 4 nils. S. of Dunkirk. Pop., 218. L.a Pala, tn. in San Diego co., Cal. Pop., 126. Lia Paz, V. in Yuma co., Ariz. Ter., on the Colo- rado R. Pop., 254. Lia Paz, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. Liapeer, p. o. in Douglas co., Kans. liapeer, co. in Jlich., E. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 21,345 ; in 1860, 14,754. The surface is slightly undulating ; the soil quite fertile. It is intersected in the S. W. part by Flint R. and in the E. part by Black and Bell Rs. La- peer is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 357,621 bush.; rye, 864 bush.; Indian- corn, 241,266 bush.; oats, 300,735 bush.; Irish pot's, 152,084 bush.; wool, 241,179 lbs.; butter, 646,757 lbs.; hay, 29,835 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,022,(533. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,825,137. Value of manufactures, $985,854. liapecr, tn. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pop., 2,864. ♦iapeer, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, at the confluence of Flint R. and Far- mer's Cr., and on the Port Huron & Lake Michigan R. R., 16 mis. E. of Flint ; in an agri- cultural and lumber-producing region. Pop., 1,772. Two newspapers. liapeer, tn. in Cortland co., N. Y. Pop., 735. JLapeer, p. o. in the above tn. ]Lapi(liini, p. o. in Harford co., Md. liaplaud, p. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. I^a Plata, tn. in Macon co.. Mo. Pop., 1,566. *Iia Plata, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Louis, Kansas'City & Northern R. R., 21 mis. N. of Macon City. Pop., .540. One newspaper. I^a Platte, p. v. in Sariiy co., Nebr., on tlie Missouri R., above the mouth of the Platte R., and 30 nils, below Omaha. lia Pointe, tn. in Ashland co., "Wis. Pop., 221. lia Pointe, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat; lies on one of the Apostle Islands in Lake Superior, opposite Baylield. •lia Porte, p. v. in Plumas co., Cal., 19 mis. S. of Quincy and 58 mis. N. N. E. of Marysvillo. It lies in a valley of the Sierra Nevada, and is the supply place for the numerous mines in the neighborhood. Pop. about 1,200. lift Porte, p. V. and the co. seat of Larimer CO., Col. Ter., 19 mis. N. W. of Greeley and near the Black Hills. lia Porte, co. in Ind., N. AV. part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 27,061 ; in 1860, 22,919. It liorders on Lake Michigan. The belt of country along the lake is unproductive. The Kankakee R., which intersects the co.,has extensive marshes along both banks. Tlie remainder consists partly of very rich prairies and partly of burr oak barrens. The Michigan Southern R. R. and the Chicago & Fort \yaync R. R. pass through the co. La Porte is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 519,018 bush.; rye, 9,331 bush.; Indian-corn, 3'.)4,2!)4bush.; oats, 148,311 bush.; Irish pot's, 151,812 bush.; sweet pot's, 1.35 bush.; butter, 320,766 lbs.; hay, 22,333 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,368,264. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,843,529. Value of manufactures, $1,234,366. *Iia Porte, city in the above co. and the co. seat, at the intersection of the Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R. with the Lake Shore & aiichigan Southern R. R., 30 mis. N. W. of Plymouth, 59 mis. W. of Peru and 42 mis. W. of 'Elkhart. It lies on the edge of an exceed- ingly productive prairie, and is the seat of the Indiana Medical College. Pop., 6,581; in 1830, .5,025. Three newspapers. lia Porte, p. o. in Wayne co., Nebr. Liaporte, p. v. in Lorain co., Ohio, 3 mis. S. E. of Elyria. Liaporte, tn. in Sullivan co.. Pa. Pop., 675. liaporte, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 26 mis. N. E. of Muney and in a lumber and mining region. Pop., 145. Two newspapers. *Iiaporte City, p. v. in Black Hawk co., Iowa, on the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 40 mis. N. W. of Cedar Rapids and 8 mis. S. E. of Cedar Valley. Surrounded by a fer- tile agricultural neighborhood. Pop. about l,.50O. One newspaper. Liapotcoug, tn. in Warren co., N. J. Pop., l,l.")0. liappiii, p. o. in Nemaha co., Kans. liapp's, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. lia Prairie, p. v. in Adams co.. 111., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 6 mis. N. of Claxton. lia Prairie, tn. in Rock co.. Wis. Pop., 867. lia Prairie, tn. in Marshall co., 111. Pop., 1,400. lia Prairie Center, v. in the above tn., II nils. W. of Lacon. liapwai, p. V. in Nes Perces co., Idaho Ter., 12 nils. S. E. of Lewiston. Pop., 91. liarauiie, tn. in Shelby CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,707. liaraniie, co. in Wyo. Ter., including the east- ern part of the territory. Pop , 2,957. The northern part is drained by the two forks of the Shyenne R., and includes a portion of tho Black Hills. The southern part is intersected by the North Platte R., which here receives Laramie Cr., Horse Cr., and other tributaries. The surface consists largely of arid plains, which are diversifled by liilly ranges. Chey- enne City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Hay, 75 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,000. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,000. Value of manutaetures, $226,173. ^JLaraniie City, p. v. ami the co. seat of Al- bany CO., Wyo. Ter., on the Union Paciflc B. R., o7 nils. W. of Cheyenne and 573 mis. W. of Omaha. It has a large hotel and the machine shops of the railroad company. Two news- papers. liaramle River, a tributary of tho North Platte R.; rises in the Black Hills of Wyo. Ter. and flows along their western base through the Laramie Plain. liarchwood, p. o. in Lyon CO., Iowa. Xiarcdo, p. v. and the co. seat of Webb CO., Tex., ou the Rio Grande R., 127 mis. W. of LARIMER. 483 LAST CHANCE. Corpus Cliristi. It is an important depot for the trade with Mexico. Pop., 2,0i6. One news- paper. l,ariiner, co. in Colo. Ter., N. part. Pop., S38. It lies chiefly between the Medicine Bow Mts. and the Black Hills, and includes the valley of the Cache a Poudre Cr., a tributary of the South Platte R. This valley lias a very pro- ductive soil, and with the aid of irrigation produces good crops. La Porte is the co. .seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 13,483 bush.; Indian-corn, 9,354 bush.; oats, 40,213 bush.; Irish pofs, 20,075 bush.; wool, 2,000 lbs.; butter, 34,190 lbs.; hay, 3,174 tons. Cash value of farms, $226,970. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $176,649. Value of manufactures, jJiiO.OOU. ILiariuier, tn. in Somerset co., Pa. Pop., 951. ILarimer's Station, p. o. in Westmoreland CO., Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., U luls. W. of Greensburgh. I^aris-sa, p. o. in Winston co., Ala. I^arissa, p. o. in Cherokee co., Tes., 22 mis. from Rusk. :?.iarl{in, p. o. in Atchison co., Kans. ILarkinsburg, tn. in Clay co., 111. Pop., 976. I^arkiiisbnrg', p. o. in the above tn. I^arkiii's Fork, p. o. in Jackson co., Ala. liarkiiisville, p. v. in Jackson co., Ala., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., and in the valley of the Tenuessee R., 23 mis. S. AV. of Stephenson. ILarkspur, p. o. in Douglas co., Colo. Ter. ILai'iied, p. v. in Pawnee co., Kans.. on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R., 240 mis. from Topeka. ILai'Oiie, or Winslow's Mills, p. v. in Som- erset CO., Me., 93^ mis. N. W. of Waterville. liRrrabee, p. o. in Manitowoc co., Wis. l.arrabee, tn. in Waupacca co., Wis. Pop., ol)-J. l.arrabees Point, p. v. in Addison co., Vt. I^a Rose, p. v. in Marshall co., 111. ILarry's Creek, p. o. in Lj^coming co.. Pa. Lia Rue, p. o. in Benton co.. Ark. Xiaruc, CO. in Kv., central part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 8,235; in 1860, 6,891. The surface Is undulating; the soil productive. The Rolling Fork of Salt R. bounds it on the N. K., and Kolin Cr. also drains it. The Louisville & Knoxville R. R. runs through the N. E. part, and the Louisville & Nashville R. R. through the W. part. Hodgensville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, (il, 537 bush.; rye, 11,S90 bush.; Indian-corn, 314,424 bush.; oats, 70,807 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,346 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,254 bush.; tobacco, 368,100 lbs.; butter, 110,964 lbs.; hay, 1,215 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,741,462. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including adtlitions to stock, etc., $578,473. Value of manufactures, $168,025. *-Iiarue, p. v. in Marion co., Ohio, on the Cleve- land, Columbus & Cincinnati R. R., 13^^ mis. W. of Marion, the co. seat. One newspaper. Kiarwill, p. V. in Whitley co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne '& Chicago R. R., 7}^ mis. W. of Columbia. ]La Salle, co. in 111., K. central part. Area, 1,040 sq. alls. Pop., 60,792; in 1860,48,332. The surfaceis gjenerally level and the soil excellent. Much gram and hay are raised. Stone-coal and sandstone are found. The Illinois 11. intersects it from E. to W. It is also drained by the Fox R. The Chicago & Burlington R. R. passes through the N. part and unites at Mendota with the Illinois Central. Ottawa is the CO. seat. Agr. productions iu 1870 : Wheat, 273,374 bush.; rye, 48,308 bush.; Indian- corn, 3,077,028 bush.; oats, 1,.509,642 busli.; Irish pot's, 325,953 bush.; sweet pot's, 560 liush.; but- ter, 1,240,386 lbs.; hay, 97,273 tons. Casli value of farms, $25,274,479. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $5,502,502. Value of manufac- tures, $2,690,152. Xa Salle, tn. in La Salle co.. III. Pop., 5,452. *£ia Salle, city in La Salle co., 111., on the N. bank of the Illinois R., and at the intersection of the Illinois Central R. R. with the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 99 mis. S. W.of Chicago and 1 rule. E. of Peru. The Illinois Canal also connects it with Chicago. The city lies in a very fertile agricultural district, and has great advantages for commerce and man- ufacturing. It exports much coal, Avhich is mined in the neighborhood. Pop., 5,200 ; in 1860, 3,993. One newspaper. Iia Salle, tn. in Monroe co., Mich. Pop., 1,392. Iia Salle, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. W. of Monroe and near the Detroit Division of the Lake Shore & Micliifjan Southern R. R. Iia Salle, p. v. in Niagara co., N. Y., on the Niagara R. and the Butfalo & Niagara R. R., 5 mis. E. of Niagara Falls. Iia Salle, co. in Tex., S. part. Area, 1,360 sq. mis. Pop., 69. The surface is level or undu- lating anil consists mostly of fertile prairies. The Neuces R. and the Rio Frio intersect the CO. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $8,828. lias Animas, co. in Colo., forming the S. E, extremity of the territory. Pop., 4,276. The western part includes the Spanish Pks. and the Ralon, or Rat, Mts., and extends to the highest crest of the Rocky Mts. The eastern part of the co. consists of extensive grassy plains, well adapted to stock raising. The Purgatory R., an affluent of the Arkansas, is the principal stream. The Cimarron R. in- tersects the S. E. part of the co. Trinidad is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 5,930 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,9.52 bush.; oats, 980 bush.; wool, 10,6.50 lbs. Cash value of farms, $24,662. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $39,183. Value of manufactures, $90,593. lias Animas, p. v. and the co. seat of Bent co., Colo. Ter., on the Rio de las Animas, and in a valley of the Sierra de La Plata. lias C'blonias, p. o. in San Miguel co., N. Hex. Ter. lias Cruces, p. o. in Santa Barbara co., Cal. lias Cruces, p v. in Dona Ana CO., N. Mex. Ter., on the Rio Grande R., 3 mis. N. of Me- silla. Pop., 1,304. liasellsville, p. v. in Fulton co., N. Y., 9 mis. N. E. of St. Johnsvilleon the Mohawk R. liasbeen, p. o. in Scott co., Minn. liassen, co. in Cal., N. E. part. Area, 4,432 sq. mis. Pop., 1,32?. It was incorporated in 1864 and named after Peter Lassen, an early explorer of this region. The surface is about equally divided between rugged mountains, alkali flats and arid sage plains. The Sierra Nevada crosses the S. VV. corner. The valley occupied by Honey Lake and Susan R. is probably the only extensive body of arable land in the co., and contains numerous short Crs. which rise in tlie Sierra, and alTord water for irrigation. Longs Valley, in the S. E. part, is traversed by Antelope Cr., which empties into Honey Lake, anil is admirably adapted to stock raising. Susanville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 ; Wheat, 12,904 bush.; rye, 40 bush.: Indian-corn, 205 bush.; oats, 36,- 407bu.sh.; Irish pot'.s, 6,170 bush.; butter, 59,494 lbs.; hay, 9,120 tons. Cash value of farms, $297,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$295,385. Value ot manufactures, $22,400. liassen, tn. in Tehama co., Cal. Pop., 240. liassen's Peak, one of the highest summits of the Sierra Nevatla ; lies in Shasta co., Cal. It is 10,571 feet above the sea level. liassile, tn. in Union co.. Ark. Pop., 782. liasslter's Mills, p. o. iu Randolph co., N. C. liast Chance, p. o. in Lucas co., Iowa. LA SUEUR. 484 LAUREL JUNCTION. ta Sncur, tn. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Pop., 1,009. liH Sueur, tn. in New Matliid co., Mo. Pop., 2,004. ♦JLas Vegas, p. v. and the co. seat of San Mi- guel CO., N. Mex. Ter., on a braneli of the Rio Pecos II., 49 mis. K. of Santa Fe. One news- paper. liatcblc, p. o. in Wood co., Oliio. Xathani, p. o. in Logan co., 111. Iiaiham, p. v. in Pilie CO., Ohio, 15 mis. ^V. of Piketon, the co. seat. liattiau), p. o. in Albany co., Wj-o. Ter. Xiiithanis, p. o. in Bu.aufovt co., N. C. I^atlirop, p. V. in San .Joaquin co., Cal., at the .iunction of the main line of the Central Paci- fic R. R. with the Visalia Division, 10 mis. from Stoclvton. It is 4 mis. from the San -Joaquin R. liatlirop, tn. in Clinton co., JMo. Pop., 1,782. l, p. V. in Clinton co.. Mo., on the Kan- sas City Division of Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R, at its intersection with the Lexington Branch of the St. Louis & Korthern R. R., ."S mis. N. of Kansas City. It is the chief trade center of a ricli agricultural section. One newspaper. liatbi-op, tn. in Snsquehanna co.. Pa. Pop., 983. liathrop, p. o. in the above tn. liatinioi-e, tn. in Adams co.,Pa. Pop., 1,230. Xaurel Creek, )). o. in Lincoln co., \V. Va. *Ijaurel Factory, p. v. in Prince George's co., ]M(1., on the Patuxent R., near the Wishing- ton Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio 11. R., 16 mis. S. S. AV. of Baltimore. Produces cotton goods. Pop., 1,148. I>aurel Fork, p. o. in Buncombe co., N. C. liaurel Fork, tn. in Carroll co., Va. Pop., 2,197. liaurel Fork, p. o. in the above tn. I.iaurel anon, p. v. in St. Clair co.. 111., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 23 mis. E. of East St. Louis ; is beautifully situated in an agricultural and minin<^ region, and contains MclCendree Col- lege. Pop., 2,117. • Two newspapers. ♦LiebaMon, p. v. and the co. scat of Boone co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 28 mis. N. W. of Indianapolis ; is a thriving place. Pop., 1,572. Two news- papers. Lebanon, p. v. in Van Buren co., Iowa, 6 mis. W. S. W. of Keosauqua, theco. seat. *IjebanoM, p. v. and the co. seat of Marion co., Ky., on tho Louisville & Nashville R. R., 38 mis. S. E. of Lebanon Junction. An impor- tant shipping i^oint. Pop., 1,925. One news- paper. liCbanon, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 1,953. licbanoii, p. o. in tho above tn. C^cbanoii, tn. in Clinton co., Mich. Pop., 1,119. Lebanon, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 216. Lebanon, tn. in Cooper co.. Mo. Pop., 3,316. Lebanon, tn. in Laclede co.. Mo. Pop., 3,358. *^Lebanon, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. St at, on the Atlantic & Pacific R. R., 71 mis. S. W. of Rolla. It is tlic center of a flourishing trade. Pop., 1,090. Two newspapers. Lebanon, tn. in Grafton co., N. II. Pop., 3,094. *Lebanon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Port- land & Rochester R. R., 10 nils. S. W. of Alfred. Has considerable trade and several manufac- tories. One newspaper. Lebanon, tn. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Pop., 3,5!;i. Lebanon, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Jersey Central R. R., U^ mis. W. N. W. of Somerville and 50 mis. W. of New York. It is the seat of an academy and has an active trade. In tho vicinity are large iron furnaces. Pop. about 800. Lebanon, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Von., 1,.0J9. Lebanon, p. o. in the above tn. Lebanon, tn. in Meigs co., Oliio. Pop., 1,323. 'Lebanon, i). v. and the co. seat of Warren co., Ohio, 6 mis. N. of Deerlield Village and 30 mis. N. E. of Cincinnati. Is surrounded by a fer- tile and prosperous agricultural district. Pop., 2,749. Two newspapers. Lebanon, v. in Miami co., Ohio, 20 mis. N. AY, of Daj'ton. Lebanon, v. in Monroe co., Ohio, 19 mis. N. N. E. of Marietta. Pop., 124. Lebanon, p. v. in Lmn co., Oreg., 12 nils. S. E. of Albany. Pop. about 200. Lebanon, co. in Pa., S. E. part. Pop., 31,096 ; in 1860, 31,831. The " Third Mt." of tlie Blue Mts. forms the N. W. boundary, and tho Sec- ontl and First Mts. occupy the extreme N. W. portion of the co. In the southern part are the low continuation and spurs of the Conewago Hills. The intermediate i-egion, embracing the larger portion of the area, consists of the wide and exceedingly fertile valley of Swatara Cr., a tributary of "the Sus- quehanna R. The CO. is intersected by the Lebanon Valley R. R. and the Schuylkill & Susquehanna R. R. Lebanon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 538,.308bush.; rye, 70,188 bush.: oats, 678,614 bush.: Indian- corn, 627,881 bush.; Irisli pot's, 9.1,8.35 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,276 bush.; butter, 569,199 lbs.; hay, 41,894 tons. Cash value of farms, !519,0]6.- 808. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,100,020. Value of manufactures, $4,160,084, inclusive of ijl, 137,775 for pig-iron. ^Lebanon, p. borough and the co. scat of the above CO., on the Swatara Cr., near the junc- tion of tlie Lebanon Valley R.R. with the Leba- non & Pine Grove R. R., 81 mis. \V. S. W. of Easton and 26 nils. E. of llarrisburg. Is a flour- ishing place. In the vicinity are the Cornwall oi'c banks, furnishingan inosliaustible supply of excellent iron ore, and some copper. Six nils, from L. are marble quarries. Pop., 6,727. Seven newspapers. Lebanon, tn. in Wayne co.. Pa. Pop., 628. *LebaMon, p. v. and the co. seat of Wilson co., Tenn., on the Tennessee & Pacific R. R., 31 mis. E. of Nashville. It is the seat of Cum- berland University and is situated in the midst of a fertile, agricultural region. Pop., 2,073. One newspaper. Lebanon, p. o. in Collin co., Tex. Lebanon, tn. in Russell co., Va. I'op., 2,246. Lebanon, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, near the Clinch li. and 15 mis. N. of Abingdon. Pop., 209. Lebanon, tn. in Dodge Co., Wis. Pop., 1,621. Lebanon, tn. in Waupacca co.. Wis., Pop., 657. Lebanon I'hnrcSi, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Lebanon Ciiurch, p. o. in Shenandoah co., Va. Lebanon Jnnction, p. v. in Bullitt co., Ky., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R. and the KnoxviUo Branch, 29 mis. S. of Louisville. Lebanon Lake, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Lebanon Spring's, p. v. in Columbia CO., N. Y., on tho Harlem Extension R. It., 27 mis. from Chatham Four Corners. It is a noted watering place. Pop. about 200. Leboeuf, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 1,748. Leboenf, p. v. in the above tn., on the Phila- delphia & Eric R. R., 4 mis. W. of Union Mills, Lc €laire, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 1,940. *Le i;iaire, p. v. in tht; above tn., on the Mis- sissippi R., 25 mis. below Clinton. It lies at the head of tho Upper Rapids, which extend nearly 15 mis., and form at low water a seri- ous obstacle to the passage of boats. Leooinpton, tn, in Douglas co., Kans, Pop., 971. Leconipton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Kan sas R., nearly opposite Williamsport, and 10 nils. N. W. of Lawrence, Leconjpton. p. o. in Monroe co., Ohio, Leconte's Mills, p. o. in Clearfield co., Pa. Lebecli, p. o. in Cedar co.. Mo. Lebo Creek, p. o. in Cort'oy co., Kans. Let'li Hill, p. o. in Northumberland co., Pa, Leclbetter, p. v. in Wasliiugton co., To.x., on tho Houston & Texas Central R. R,, 50 mis. from Hempstead. Pop. about 250. LecleracbKvillc, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., 8 mis. W. N. W. of North Wales. Ledge Dale, p. v. in Wayne co.. Pa,, 10>^ mis. S of Ilonesdale. Lertg-er, p. o. in Mitchell co., N. C. Ledyard, tn. in New London co., Conn. Pop., 1,39 J. Lcdyard, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. of Norwich. Has cotton manufactories. Lcdyard, tn. in Cayuga co., N, V. Pop., 2,221. LEDYAED. 489 LEECH LAKE. liedyarrt, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., E. of Cayuga Lake and 18 nils. S. of Auburn. Lee, CO. in Ala., E. part., bordering on Ga. Area about 750 sq. mis. Pop., 21,750. The sur- face is broken and hilly. The eastern part of the CO. is drained by several small affluents of the Chattahoochee K., which forms the en- tire eastern boundary. The -sresteru pai-t is drained by the Souchahatchee R., a tributary of the Tallapoosa K. The co. is intersected by the "Western K. R., the Savannah & Mem- phis R. R., and the East iVlabama & Cin- cinnati R. R. Opelika is tlie co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 35,868 bush.; rye, 682 bush.; Indian-corn, 244,955 bush.; oats, 44,005 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,845 bush.; sweet pot's, 58,827 bush.; cotton, 11,591 bales; butter, 112,o91 lbs.; Iniy, 1,659 tons. Casli value of farms, $1,405,738. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,412,750. Valueof manu- factures, $230,940. Lee, new co. in Ark., E. part ; formed by por- tions of Crittenden, St. Francis, Monroe and rhillips cos. Area about 1.000 sq. mis. It is bounded on the E. by the Mississippi R. The eastern part is traversed bj' the St. Francis and L'Anguille Rs.: the western part by Little R., an affluent of White R. The surface is low and level, and the soil highly productive. Lee, tn. in Sacramento co., Cal. Pop., 370. Lee, CO. in Ga.. S. W. central part. Area, 350 so. mis. Pop.. 9,567 ; in 1800, 7,190. The eastern boundary is formed by the Flint R., which receives the Kenahattbonee Cr. and other small tributaries draining this co. The sur- face is level and the soil fertile. Starksville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 428 bush.; Indian-corn, 155,565 bush.; oats, 9,816 bush.; Irish pot's, 100 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,230 bush.; cotton, 10,179 bales. Cash value of farms, $992,374. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,013,891. Value of manu- factures, $45,030. Lee, CO. in 111., N. part. Jft'ea, 690 sq. mis. Pop., 27,171 ; in 1860, 17,651. The surface is level ; the soil good. It is intersected by Rock R. and drained by several of its tributaries. The Illinois Central R. R. intersects it from N. to S. E. and the Chicago, & Iowa R. R. from E. to W. Dixon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 453,053 bush.; rye, 14,829 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,656,978 bush.; oats, 903,197 bush.; Irish pot's, 210,873 bush.; sweet pot's, 362 bush.; butter, 7.53,149 lbs.; hay, 57,506 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,822,933. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,001,570. Value of manufac- tures, $2,066,295. Lee, tn. in Brown co., 111. Pop., 1,580. Lee, tn. in Fulton co.. 111. Pop., 1,296. Lee, p. o. in Lee co.. 111. Lee, p. o. in Warrick co., Ind. Lee, CO. in Iowa, S. E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 37,210 ; in 1860, 29,232. The surface is roll- ing ; the soil is very fertile and under line cultivation. The county is separated from 111. on the W. and S. by the Mississippi R., and from Mo. by the Des Moines R., and is drained by many small affluents of these two streams. The Des Moines Valley R. R. follows the Des Moines R. Fort TMadison is the co. seat. Ag'r. productions in 1870: Wheat, 200,812 bush.; rye, 90,553 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,187,322 bush.; oats, 272,134 bush.; Irish pot's, 132,176 bush.; sweeL pot's, 2,513 bush.; wool, 93,039 lbs.; butter, 451,- 724 lbs.; hay, 24,060 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,750,525. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,948,977. Value of manufactures, $2,623,- 135. Lee, tn. in Buena V^ista co., Iowa. Pop., 302. Lee, tn. in Madison co., Iowa. Pop., 425. Lee, tn. in Polk co., Iowa, Pop., 729. Lee, CO. in Ky., E. central part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 3,055. It is intersected from E. to W. by the Kentucky R. The surface is rough and hilly ; the soil of the river bottoms very productive. Beatty ville and Proctor are the CO. seats. Agr. uroduction sin 1870: Wheat, 2,239 bush.; rye, 385 bush.; Indian-corn, 68,463 busli.; oats, 7,367 bush.; Irish pot's. 4,725 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,947 bush.; butter, 1,370 lbs.; hay, 107 tons. Cash value of farms, $235,380. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $71,030. Value of manufactures, $21,725. Lee, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 960. Lee, p. V. in the above tn., 9^4 mis. E. of Lin- coln on the European & Nortfi American R. R. Lee, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 3,866. *Lee, p. V. in tlie above tn., on the Ilou.satonic R. and Housatonic R. R., 11 mis. S. of Pitt.s- fleld. Has extensive paper mills and wool- len factories, and is noted fqr its excellent schools. In the vicinity are famous marble quarries. One newspaper. Lee, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 1,123. Lee, tn. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., 249. Lee, CO. in Miss., N. E. part. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop., 15,955. The co. has a rolling surface and an excellent soiL It is drained bv the head waters of the Tonibigbee R., which flows through it from N. \V. to S. E. The Mobile & Ohio R. R. intersects the co. Tupelo is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,100 bush.; rye, 221 bush.; Indian-corn. 443,901 bush.; oats, 6,382 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,664 bush.; sweet pot's, 76,470 bush.; cotton, 8,224 bales ; butter, 187,903 lbs. Cash valuta of farms $1,463,074. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,357,712. Value of manufactures, $37,480. Lee, tn. in Platte co.. Mo. Pop., 2,290. Lee, tn. in Stafford CO., N. II. Pop., 776. Lee, p. V. in the above tn., on the Lamprey R., 5 mis. N. W. of New Market. Lee, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 2,653. Lee, p. o. in the above tn. Lee, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,146. *Lee, p. o. in the above tn., in the v. of Albany. Lee, tn. in Carroll co., Ohio. Pop.. 901. Lee, tn. in Monroe co., Ohio. Pop., 1,114. Lee, tn. in Accomack co., Va. Pop., 6,183. Lee, tn. in Fairfax eo., Va. Pop., 1,364. Lee, tn. in Shenandoah co., Va. Pop., 2,698. Lee, tn. in Calhoun co., W. Va. Pop., 608. Lee, tn. in Clark co.. Wis. Pop., 203. Lee, CO. in Va.. forming the S. W. extremity of the state. Area about 375 sq. mis. Pop., 13,268; in 1860. 11.032. The co. extends from the Cum- berland Mts. in the N. W. to Powell's Mt. in the S. E., and is traversed by the Stone Mts. It comprises the upper part of the valley of Powell's R., which drains it with numerous small trilnitaries. The surface is lugh and rolling. The soil of the valleys is very pro- ductive. Jonesville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 81,620 bush.; rye, 3,645 bush.; Indian-corn, 367,790 bush.; oats, 06,831 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,103 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,116 bush.; butter, 132,547 lbs.; hay, 1,246 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,184,205. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $647,474. Value of manufactures, $162,258. Lee <'entre, tn. in Lee CO., III. Pop., 1,028. Lee Centre, p. v. in the above tn., 3J^ mis. N. E. of Amboy. Lee Centre," p. A', in Oneida co., N. Y., 9 mis. N. K. W. of Rome. Pop., 355. Leech, tn. in Wayne co.. 111. Pop., 1,258. Leecliburgli, p. v. in Armstrong co.. Pa., on tlie Kiskiminitas R., the Pennsylvania Canal and th(^ Pennsylvania Central R. R.. 29 nils. W. N. AV. of Blairsville and 35 mis. from Alle- ghanj^ Citv. Pop., 368. Leecb Lake, in Cass co., Minn.; is drained by the Leech Lake R., which empties into tho LEECH LAKE 490 LEHIGH. Mississippi R. Tlie lalie is about 20 mis. long and Ki mis. wide. I^eeoh I^ake, p. o. in Cass co., Minn. licecli's Corners, p. o. in Mercer co., Pa. Lieechville, p. o, in Beaufort co., N. C. liCe Creek, tn. in Crawford co., Ark. Pop., 604. Ietion, p. v. in Addison co.,Vt., at the junction of the Southern Division with the Rutland Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 75 nils, from Bellows Falls. Lieidy, tn. in Clinton co.. Pa. Pop., 515. Lieidy, p. o. in the above tn. Lieig:ti, tn. in Amelia CO., V'a. Poji., 3,454. Lieigrli, tn. in Prince Edward CO., Va. Pop., 3,391. Lieigli's, p. o. in Sunflower co., Miss. Leig'btoii, p. V. in Colbert co.,- Ala., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 32 mis. from De- catur. Pop., 350. Lieig'Iiton, p. v. in Mahaska co., Iowa, 9 mis. by railroad S. E. of Pella. Lieig'bton, tn. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., l,20(i. Lieig'bton, p. o. in Hennepin co., Minn. Lieig'bton''s Corners, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. Eieinbaebs, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Lieipersville, v. in Delaware co.. Pa., on Ridlej' Cr. and near the Philadelphia & Bal- timore R. R., 12 mis. S. W. of Philadelphia. Lieipsic, p. v. in Kent co., Del., il4 mis. E. of Moorton. Lieipsic, p. v. in Orange co., Ind., on the Jeffer- son, New Albany & Chicago R. R , 434 "lis. E. of Orleans. Lieipsic, p. v. in Putnam co., Ohio, 1)4 mle. W. of Roauoke on the Dayton & Michigan R. R. Pop., 200. LiCistville, p. v. in Pickaway co., Ohio, 114 mis. S. E. of Circleville. Lieitersburgb, p. v. in Washington co., Md., on Antietam Cr., G3^ mis. N. £. of Hagers- town. LiClter's Ford, p. o. in Fulton co., Ind. *JLelaneinont, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chi- cago, Alton & St. Louis K. R., 26 mis. S. W. of Chicago. Licniont, p. o. in Centre CO., Pa. Leniouweir, tn. in Juneau co., Wis. Pop., 1,947. Liemonweir, p. v. in the above tn., on the La Crosse Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. 11., I'.i mis. N. W. of Kilbourn City. liCmpster, tn. in Sullivan co., N. H. Pop., 678. Leuipster, p. v. in the above tn., 16 mis. E. N. E. of Bellows Falls, Vt. ♦Lens*, p. V. in Stephenson co.. 111., on the Ga- lena Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 12,^ mis. N. W. of Freeport, the co. seat. Has grain and cattle trade. Pop., 1,294. One newspaper. I^icna, p. o in Clay co., Ind. Lienape, p. o. in Leavenworth co., Kans., on the Platte R. and the Kansas Pacific R. R., 23 mis. from Kansas City. Pop. about 75. Lenape, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Licna Valley, p. o. in Oreenwood co., Kans. liCnawee, co. in Mich., S. E. part. Area, 7-5 sq. mis. Pop., 45,595 ; in 1860, 38,112. The sur- face is gently i-olling ; the soil remarkably fertile and plentifully drainedby many small creeks. It is intersected by the Michigan Southern R . R. Adrian is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 685,049 bush.; rje, 2,24!) bush.; Indian-corn, 964,306 bush.; oats, 402,396 bush.; Irish pot's, 302,402 bush.; wool, 550,426 lbs.; butter, 1,467,408 lbs.; hay, 68,332 tons. Cash value of farms, $21,158,168. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $4,821,811. Value of manufactures, $4,2(i5,925. LiCnexa, p. v. in Johnson co., Kans., on the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., 14 mis. from Kansas City. Pop. about 100. Lieiibartsville, p. o. in Berks co.. Fa. Licnni Mills, p. v. in Delaware co.. Pa., at the junction of the West Chester & Philadelphia K. R. with the Philadelphia & Baltimore Cen- tral R. R., 314 mis. S. W. of Media. Lenoir, eo. in N. C, S. E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 10,434: in 1860, 10,220. The surface is level ; the soil fertile. The Ncuse R. passes through the central part from W. to E., and forms part of the E. boundary. The Atlantic & North Carolina R. R. passes through the N. part from W. to E. Kingston is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 10,332 bush.; rye, 1,633 bush.; Indian-corn, 195,725 bush.; oats, 3,983 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,343 bush.; sweet pot's, 44,056 bush.; cotton, 4,804 bales; butter, 10,933 lbs. Cash value of farms, $731,- LENOIR. 492 LE ROY. 917. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., i06S,71(). Value of manufactures, $94,024. »I,eiioir, p. V. and the co. seat of Caldwell co., N. C, IT) luls. from Morgantown. Pop., 440. I,cnoir Institute, p. o. in Lenoir co., :N. C. ILenoir's, p. v. in Loudon eo., Tenn., near the Tennessee R., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., C mis. N. E. of Loudon. ILenora, p. v. in Fillmore co., SJinn., 15 rals. S. E. of Preston. liCnox, p. o. in Kane co.. 111. ILenox, tu. in Warren co.. Ill Pop., 948. IjCiiox, tn. in Iowa co., Iowa Pop., 445. ■Lenox, p. o. in Taylor co., Iowa. ILenox, tn. in Berkshire CO., Mass. Pop., 1,965. I^euox, p. V. in the above tn., former co. seat, near the Housatonic R. R., 9 nils. N. of Stock- bi'idge. Lies in a very picturesque district, and is a favorite summer resort. lienox, tn. in Macomlj eo., Mich. Pop., 2,134. Xenox, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Pop., 9,816. ILenox, p. V. in the above tn., near the New York Central R. R., o mis. W. of Canastota. Lienox, tn. iu Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 752. Lenox, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. of Jef- ferson. liCnox, tn. in Susquehamia co., Pa. Pop., 1,751. Lenox Castle, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. C. Lenox Furnace, p. v. iu Berkshire co.,Mass., on the Housatonic R. R., 2 mis. jST. of Lee ; has large plate-glass manufactories. I^enox Station, p. o. in Warren co.. 111. Lenoxville, p. v. in Susquehanna co., Pa., 11 mis. E. of Nicholson. Lenz, i>. o. in Hennepin co., Minn. L.enzburg, p. o. in the v. of Hilltown in St. Clair CO , 111., on the St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute R. R. I^eo, p. o. in White co., Ga. lieo, p. o. in Allen CO., Ind., in the v. of Hamil- ton. Leo, p. o. in Stanly co., N. C. Leola, tn. in Adams co.. Wis. Pop., 185. Leo>niu>4tcr, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 3,894. "^Leojninster, p. v. in the above tn., on the FitclilMirg R. R., 4H mis. from Boston and 4 mis. from Eitchburg. It lies on the Nashua R., and has large comb manufactories. Leon, p. o. in Crenshaw Co., Ala. Leon, CO. iuFla., N. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 15,230 ; in 1800, 12,343. The surface is un- dulating and the soil fertile. The Ocklocko- nee R. forms the W. and N. W. boundary and Ga. the N. The Jacksonville, Pensacola & Mobile R. R. passes through the central part. Tallahassee is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Indian-corn, 258,432 Ijush.; oats, 999 bush.; Irish pot's, 225 bush.; sweet pot's, 34,- 035 bush.; cotton, 5,794 bales; rice, 2,150 lbs.; butter, 1,490 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,225,- 418. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $892,458. Value of manufactures, $250,310. Leon, p. o. iu Whitesides co., 111. *Leon, p. v. and the co. seat of Decatur co., Iowa, 21 mis. S. of Osceola ; situated in an agricultural neighborhood. Pop., 820. Two newsjiapers. Leon, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 970. Leon, tu. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1 204. Leon, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. \V. of Cat- taraugus. lieoii, p. o. in Sampson co., N. C. Leon, p. o. iu Ashtabula CO., Ohio. Leon, eo. iu Tex., central part. Area, 500 sq. inLs. Pop., 0,523 ; In 1800, 0,781. The surface is diversified ; tlu-, soil quite good. It is drained by alHuents of Trinity R., which forms the E. boundary. Navasola R. bounds it on the W. Cealre'ville is tUe co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Rye, 21 bush.; Indian-corn, 100,- 906 bush.; oats, 77 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,087 bush.; sweet pot's, 24,505 bush.; cotton, 4,897 bales ; butter, 44,998 lbs. Cash value of farms, $370,8.52. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $527,- 871. Value of manufactures, $30,500. Leon, p. o. iu Madison co., \'a. Leon, tn. in Monroe co.. Wis. Pop., 1,241. Leon, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. of Sparta, the CO. seat. Leon, tn. in Waushara co., Wis. Pop., 809. Leona, p. o. in Doniphan co., Kans. Leona, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., 4 mis. N. E. of Troy. Leona, p. v. in Leon co., Tex., 40 mis. E. of Bremond. Leonard, p. o. in Harlan co., Ky. Leonard, tn. in Mecosta CO., Mich. Leonardsburg'Ii, p. v. in Delaware CO., Ohio, ou the Cleveland, Columbus & Cincinnati R. K., 1^/i mis. N. E. of Delaware, the co. seat. Leonardsville, p. v. iu Madison co., N. V., on the Unadilla R., OJ^ mis. S. of Bridgewater, Oneida co. *Leonardtown, p. v. and the co. seat of St. Mary's co., Md., on Britton's R., 55 nils. S. by A7. of Annapolis. Pop., 4S5. One newspaper. Lconardville, p. v. in Monmouth co., N. J., on Sandy Hook B., 3 mis. E. of Port Mon- mouth. Leonardville, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Leoni, tn. iu Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 1,376. Leoni, p. v. in the above tn.,0 mis. N. of Colon. Leoni, p. o. in Cannon co., Teun. Leonia, p. v. in Bergen co., N. J., on the Northern New Jersey R. W., \0]4 mis. N. of Jersey City. Leonidas, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 1,403. Leonidas, p. v. in the above tn. Leon Spring's, p. o. in Bexar co., Tex. Lconville, p. o. in St. Landry parish, La. Leopard, p. o. in Chester co., Pa. Leopold, tn. iu Perry CO., Ind. Pop., 862. Leopold, p. V. in the above tn., 21 mis. N. E. of Cannelton. l^eopolis, p. o. in Shawano co.. Wis. Leota Lauding', p. o. in Washington CO., Miss. Leoti, p. o. in Pike co., Ind. L'Erable, p. o. in Iroquois CO., 111. Lerau, tn. m Pope co., Minn. Pop., 1.50. Leray, tn. in Blue Earth CO., Minn. Pop., 448. Le Ray, tn. iu Jelferson co., N. Y^. Pop., 2,802. Le Raysville, p. o. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Le Kaysville, p. v. in Bradford co.. Pa., 11 mis. E. N. E. of Towanda. Pop., 284. Le Boy, p. o. in Union co.. Dak. Ter. Le Koy, tn. in Boone eo.. 111. Pop., 1,002. Le Roy, p. V. in McLean co.. 111., ou the Indi- anapolis, Bloomington & n'esteru R. R., 15 mis. S. E. of Bloomington and 9 mis. N. \V. of Farmer City ; in an agricultural region. Pop., 802. One newspaper. Le Roy, p. o. iu Lake co., Ind. Le Roy, tn. in Benton CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,807. Le Roy, tu. in Bremer eo., Iowa. Pop., 303. Le Roy, p. o. in the above tn Le Roy, tn. in Cotfey co., Kans. Pop., 1,094. *Le Roy, p. V. in the above tn., on the Neosho R. and the ISIissouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 14 mis. S. E. of Burlington. Le Roy, tn. in Ingham co., Mich. Pop., 859. LeRoy, tu. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 1,303. LcRoy, tn. h\ Osceola eo., Mich. Pop., 148. LeRoy, p. o. in Osceola co., Mich. Le Roy, tn. in Mower co., Minn. Pop., 1,0.57. *Le Roy, p. V. in the above tu., ou the Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. II., 21 mis. S. E. of Aus- tin, the CO. seat. Le Roy, p. o. in Barton co.. Mo. Le Roy, tn. in Genesee co., N. Y". Pop., 4,027. *Le Roy, ]i. V. in the above tn., on Aliens Cr, and the New York Central R. R., 9J^ mis. E. of Batavia. Seat of Ingham University. It is a thriving place. Pop., 2,634. Two news- papers. LE KOY. 493 LEWIS. IiC Roy, V. in Otsego co., N. Y., at the outlet of Canaderasra Lake. •liC Roy, p. V. in Medina co., Oliio, 4mls. N. W. of Pike Station on tlie Atlantic & Great AVest- ern R. K. JjQ Roy, tn. in Lake co., Ohio. Pop., 811. IiC Roy, V. in Trumbull co., Oliio, near the At- lantic & Great Western R. R., 9 mis. N. E. of Warren. lie Roy, tn. in Bi-aclforcl co.. Pa. Pop., 1,100. JLe Roy, p.- v. in tlie above tn., 8 mis. E. of Can- ton. Lie Roy, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. liC Roy, p. o. in .Jackson co., W. va. I^iC Roy, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 1,.')76. * liC Roy, p. V. in the above tn., G mis. S. of Oak- fiel.l. IL.e Roy Station, p. o. in Monroe co., AVis. liCroy ville, p. o. in Aiidubon co., Iowa. Ijesag'c's, p. o. in Cabell co., W. Va. L.e Sa'nU, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 2GS. lies Cygiies, v. in Linn co., Kans., on the Mis- souri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., 61 mis. from Kansas City, Mo.; is a beautiful prairie town. Iieslie, tn. in Ingham co., Mich. Pop., 1,996. Iieslie, p. V. in the above tn., ou the Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. R., 15 mis. from Jack- son and 22 mis. from Lansing. Has magnetic springs and is a growing place. '\One ne\vsx)a- per. Iieslie, p. o. in Wayne co., Nebr. liCslic, p. o. ill Van" AVert CO., Ohio. Iush.; ryo. ;>O.Tf\> busli.; Imliiin-ooru, >VJ Inisli.; Irish pot's, ;l,'>,4l-J bush.: swool pot's, 7.">iibush.; t tous. Cash valuo of tarius, i!.V-.'fiV-.'W>. 'total, (.-stiuiatoU, valiio of .'ill farm proihK't ions, iu- oUuiiu;;- aiKlitious to sloi-li, etc., !jil,'2W,J(.iJ. Valuo of luaiuiiaotuivs, i!i.!77.i^U>. l,owl!i, tn. in Holt co.. Mo. Pop.. 4.0S1. liOwis, I'o. in X. Y., X. oontral \mrt. Area about l.oiK> sq. mis. Top., -S,wtii ; in ISiW, i^.-'iSi). Hoiuj; situatoil almost oiitiroly in the Ailiron- (laok rojrion, its surface is i-U'vatoi-laiulrollinii-. TlU" oa^torii part is hilly aiul ronu;h. Ulaok K.. an ailhiont of I^iko Ontario, tlows through tho 00. from S. S. E. to X. X. \V. ami roooivi-s Uoavor U., luilopoiulonoo l"r.. Mooso K. aiul otlu'r tributarios. The soatlu-ru part of tho CO. is ilrainovl by Fish Cr.. an atUuont of I-iiko Ouoida. The Klaok Kivor 11. H. passes thvoiiith it. l.owville is tho co. seat. Ai;r. in-oiluetio'ns inlS70: Wheat, ;>;>,S,\5 bush.; iye, i>,.\4ti bush.; luilian-eorn, ;JS.414 bush.; oats", 44."),ti(i7 bush.; Irish pot's, ;'>;>;sOU;bush.; wool, o-.'.tMl lbs.; maple suuar. 451..S-Jt> lbs.; eheese. St77,547 lbs.; butter. -,0k>,iV.) lbs.; hav, li>/,i\\> tous. Cash value of farms. *;l."i,lSHX)8. Total, estimated, value of all tarm productions, ineluilinj!: additions to stock, etc., $3,So7,?J7. Value of mauufaetures, I.owIk, tn. in Essex CO.. X\ Y. Top., I,7i4. I.owls, p. o. in the above tn. l.owis, tn. in Lewis co.. X. V. Top., 1,25'2. I.owis. tn. in lU'own co., Ohio. Pop.. i,S17. LiCwis, tn. in Xortlmmberland co., Pa. Pop., l.i-.!?^. I.eii«'ls, tn. in I.vcouiing co.. Pa. Pop., 063. I^ewls, tu. in l''uion eo". Pa. Pop.. I,0it7. I^ewls. CO. in Teun., S. S. \\'. part. Area, 4,50 sq. mis. Pop., l,'.>c^!; in lAV. -J.ill. The sur- face is uneven ; the soil .sronerally fertile. The ;?. part is drained bvButfalo U.,;"ui alMuent of the Teiinesseo U. ^^ewl>urs■h is the co. seat. Aiir. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, H.tW bush.; rye, hUi bush.; Indiau-oorn, 7;'>,;!l,"i bush.; visits, o,"47'2bush.; Irish pot's, •J.AXlbush.; sweet pot's, 3,lKU l>ush.; butter, 14,o,>t! lbs.; hav, •J,'i7 tons. Cash value of farms, $211,140. Total, estiiuat- od, value of all farm productions, includiny; additions to stock, etc., $107,i4,4.50. Total, estimated, valuo of all farm productions, including additions to stock, ete.. >;U>7.3;>7. A'aluo of manufaetures, .i!;>,t!W). liewis, CO. in W. Va.. X. eoutral part. Area. 5ot» s>i. mis. Pon.. 10,17.5; iu IStUi. 7,;W. It is interseotoil and dntincd by the West Fork of the Monong-ahela U.; has a hilly and in some parts mountainous surface, ami abounds in coal. Tho soil of the valley is highlv produc- tive. AVestou is the co. seat. AsrI produc- tions in 1S70: Wheat. 41.174 bush.; ive, S,a5(; bush.; liulian-coru, li)l,!K5i; bnsh.; oats, SI, 770 bush.; Irish pot's, 10.071 bush.; sweet pot's, 444 bush.; butter, 113,25;) lbs.; hay. S,t.--20 tons. Cash value of farms, $2.417.17.5. " Total, esti- mated, valuo of all farm productions, inelud- iug additions to stock, etc., •*»>4t>,527. Value of nianufaotures, $53,870. I.cwi!i. tn. in Atason co.. W. Va. Pop.. 1.364. licwis niid i'lnrk, co. in Mont. Ter.. W. cen- inil part. Pop., .MM*.). It has a triangular shape ;uid is bounded ou tho E. by the Mis- souri U., on the W. by the crest of the Rockj' Mts. and on the X. by the Sun K. Alioul one- half of its surface is 'covered with the eastern Slopes of the Kooky Mts., while the other half spreads over the rolling plains whieh extend along the base of those nunintuins. Deerborn l!.,wlth three forks, and other small tributaries of the ^lissonri, ilrain this co. lloleua is the co. se.-it. -Vgr. productions iu 1S70: Wheat. l.^J.tOS hush.; oats, U,44x>* bush.; Irish pot's, 2;V210 bush.; butter, 107,'.<'.H) lbs.; hay, 4,UVi tons. Cash value of farms, j>150,lS0. Total, estimated, valuo of all farm proiluc- tions, tneluding additions to stock, etc., ^J^- •St>5. Valuo of nianufaotures, $t>2;).30v-^. IfOWisbcrry, p. v. in York co.. Pa., 12 mis. S. ."<. W.of llarrishurgh. Pop., 2i>S. ].owisboroii|;-h, tii. in Westchester co., X. Y. Pop.. l.iiOI. I.oiviKborous'h* P- o. in the above tn. *-l-owisburBli, \\ v. and tho oo. seal of Cou- wav oo.. Ark., ou tho Arkansas U. and tho Kittle Kook A Kort Smith \l. U., .5S» mis. X. W. o( Huntersville. It istiuite ane.\tensivc tnide and shipping point for cotton and other pro- duoo. t'o)!.. 23s). Two newspapers. liOnisbiir^h, tu. iu Montgomery co., Kaus. Pop.. ^~27. Lew isbursili, V. in Mason co.. Kv. Pop., 151. Lowlsbiirkh. p. V. iu Wayne "co., Iowa, 10}^ mis. W. of (.'orydon. I.ewisbiirii'Ii, p. o. in l">e Soto co.. Miss. IjOwlNbnrjih, p. v. in Preblo co., Ohio, 4 mis. S. of West Sonoili. »lhio i;.. U! mis. W. X. W.of Clovei'iJort. Pop.| oK lA^wi.«*l)ort. v. iu Doddridge CO., W. Va. l^'wls' Station, p. o. in Escambia oo., Ala. Lewis' Stutiun, \i. o. in lloury co.. Mo. Ijewls' Store, p. o. in Sputtsyivania co.. Va, Lewiston, p. v. iu Triuitv "eo., Cal., on the Trinity U.. mis. X. E. of ^Veaverville. It is surrounded by high mountains. Gold is found iu the neighborliood. Pop., 338. I.ewiNton^ tu. in Xoz Pereos co.. IdalKi Ter. *I.ewi!»ton, p. v. in the above tn. jtnd the co. seat, on Snake 1{. and tK) mis. from Walla Walla.. Wash. Ter. One newspaper. *I.ew'iNton, city in .Vndrosooggiu eo.. Me., on tho Androsoog"gin U. and U. U., 35 mis. X. of Portland. The river f.iUs .50 fool over a lodge of roek-s and two dams have been const ruot- od. rendering available this immense water- power. Several extensive cotton mills, ma- ehiuc shops, etc., produce largo quantities of cottons, prints, tweeds, tlanuels, satinets and LEWISTON. 495 LEXINGTON, other goJ, /,424. Two n'jwhpujxjrr*. Ty«wfHt<>n, p. V In Winona oo., Minn., on the Winona A St. I'et<;r K.U., I'jml.s. from Winona. I'oji. about I.Vj. I.cwiHton, p. o. in lAiwis CO., Mo. I^ewi»«t«n, p. V. in Uertie CO., K. C I..«HlHton, V. in Ca«8 Of)., Xcbr., on the 3Ii«- rtouri li.. 14 nilH. l>;low I'latlsinouth. J>«win, tn. in XIagara co., X. Y. Pop., •J,!*.7.». *LewiNton, p. v. and port of entry In X'iagara etween Xlagara Kails and the month of the river. It l.*conri(5et<;d with Xiagara, Falls by i-ailroa^J, distance K mis., and a Busyx^nsjion bndge across the river connects it with Qiieenstown in Canada. During the summer, sWiamboats ply f>etwc<;n it and s<:veral harbors on Lake On- tario and the fit. Lawrence li. Pop., 770. I.ewiHton, p. o. In Tooele co., Utah Ter. I^fifvititon, tn. in Lunenburgh co., Va. Pop., 1 .'0.-,. T^ewiHton, tn. in Columbia co., WLs. Pop., lAiwlHt<*n, p. V. in the above tn.,6>4 mis. N.W. of i'ovl ■.i'4<: City. I^ewiHtown, tn. in Fulton co., IlL Pop., 2,^2. »JLewlHt«>wn, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on I'f.oriix &. L'^wLstown Branch of the Chicago, JJurlington & Quincy li. 11., U rnls. 8. W.of Canton and 10 mis. X. K. of Xr>ava. Quite a tragic fx;nter,wlth several manufacto- ries. Two newspapers. I..ewJHtown, p. V. in Frederick co., Md., 8 mis. X. of Frederick. liewiHtown, p. o. in Burlington CO., X. J., on th<; Kintiora Branch of the Pennsylvania central it. li. I/ewiHtown, p. v. in Logan co., OIilO,9inle. K. W. of Bellefontaine. *I.iCwlHtown, p. bor. and co. seat of Mifflin CO., I'a.. on the Juniata E. and Canal, on the I'ennsvivania Central K. K. and on the Mif- Jlin & Centre County Branch 11. li., 49 mis. W. Of llarrisburgh. Large quantities of wheat, cora, pork, iron and coal are shipfXid at this i)lace, which has also several manufactories. .*op., 2.737. Three newspapers. I/ewlMville, p. v. and the co. seat of La Fa- vette Vi.. Ark., liO mis. S. W. of Little Rock. lAiwlNVille, p. v. in Henry co., Ind., on the Columtju-. Clileago & Indiana Central K. K., yX mlr. \V. of Cambridge. Pop., 416. I/ewl«»Tille, p. o. in For.-^yth co., X. C. I^ewiMville, v. in Coshocton co., Ohio, 70 mis. K. .V. K. of Columbus. Pop. about 2,000. I,ewl»vllle, p. V. in Monroe CO., Ohio, 7 mLs. W. of W'oodsrteld, the co. seat. Pop., 124. I^ewiNville, v. in lloss co., Ohio, on the Ohio Canal and 'J nils. X. by W. of Clullicothe. l>ewi. o. in Polk co., Oieg. I^ewiNville, p. v. in Chester CO., Pa., near the Maryland state line, 7 mis. H. E. of Oxford. licwltivllle, V. in Chester district, fi. C, on the South Carolina 11. li., ;« mU-. from Colum- bia. The p. o. is Chestnut Grove. Pop. about W). I..ewin, p. o. In Washington co., Iowa. I^exin^fton, tn. in Johnsfjn CO., Kans. Pop., *IyexinKtf>n, city and co. seat of Fayette CO.. Kv.. at the junction of the Kentucky Central li.Il. with the I^^uisville. (jincinnati ft Lex- ington II. K.. -i-i mis. S. E. of Frankfort and d* mis. from ^j»m-.\\\\<-. It is pleasantlv situated on the I>^wer Fork of the Elkhom 11.. and ha« regular, broad and well-pavcl streets. It la the seat of the Kentucky Universitv. the Law SelKK)l, Medical School. eU;. The State Luna- tic A-sylum is locatf^l here. The fM;metery at the west end of the city Ls a Ixrautiful. retired spot. A fine m^/riument to Ileniy Clay has been ereef^l in it. It is tlie sec^md city in pox>- nlation in the state, lias s'iveral important manufactories, enjoysa large tra'le. and is the center of the famous " Blue Grass" region. Pop. In 1«70, 14,*1 ; in I«», 6,241 ; in 1S30, 3,0». Thirteen newsiiar«xin{?toii, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Pop., '■'iu. I/exinKton, p. o. in the above tn. l.exinKt4>n, tn. in Jliddlesexco., Mass. Pop., I/exinj^«n, p. v. in the alxive tn.. 11 mis. 2f. W. of Boston by the Lfixington & Cambridge K. R. The first'engagement of the war of In- dependence took placxini;ton, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. X. E. of r-A. Peter. *L«xln^ton, p. V. and the co. seat of Holmes CO.. ilirs.. 12 mis. W. of Durant and "t mis. X. of Jackson. Pop., 744. One newsr>aper. I/exint^ton, tn. in La Fayette co.. Mo. Pop., *Jyexint^on, p. v. in the above tn.and the co. seat, o;i the 3Iissouri R. and the Missouri Pa- cific R. R.. 244 ml,, from St. Ix>uis by railroad and372mbj. by the river. It lies Tfii ft. above high-water mark. It is one of the oldest and mfjst prosperous towns of the state. Coal la found near it. Pop.. 4..37.3. Three newspapers. T^exin^on, tn. in Greene co., X'. Y. Pop., 1.371. lycxin^on, p. o. in the above tn. *L.exiiig^ton, p. v. and the co. seat of David- son CO.. X. C, on the Richmond & Danville 11. It., 31 mis. S. W. of Greciisborough. Pop., 475. I/exington, v. in Highland co., Ohio, on the 3Iarietta & Cincinnati 11. R .2mls. W.of Lees- burglj. The p. o. is Highland. Pop., 242. 'liexlntrton, p. v. in Richland co., Ohio, on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., % mis. S. of Mansfield. Pop.. 4*<2. , _^ I.exin;;ton, tn. in Starke CO., Ohio. Pop., o,/00 I/exin!?ton, v. in Clatsop co., Oreg., 9 mis. from A-toria and near the sea-coast. I^exineton, district in S. C. central part. An-a. 7'J(J sq. mLs. Pop.. 12,9'P<: in l^W, 1.5..579. The surface Is mostlvhilly: the soil tolerably good. Santee R. bounds the co. on the X. E., the Edisto R. on the S. W. The Saluda E. passes through the X. part from W . to E. Lexington Court House is the co. seat. Agr. proi. Liberty, p. v. in the above tn. on the Central Pacific R. R. Liberty, tn. in Klamath co., Cal. Pop., 348. Liberty, v. in Union co., Dak.Ter., on the Mis- souri R., and 7 mis. S. E. of Vermillion. Liberty, co. in Fla., N. W. part. Area, 620 sq. mis. Pop-, 1.050 ; in 1860, 1,457. The surface is undulating and the soil generally fertile. It is bounded W. by Appalachico'la R., E. by Ocklockonee R., and is watered in the N. part by Saluga R., an affluent of Ocklockonee R. Bristol is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Oats, 1,545 bush.; Indian-corn, 10,865 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,675 bush.; cotton, 107 bales; rice, 13,660 lbs.; butter, 3,465 lbs. Cash value of farms, $42,16.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $.54,245. Value of manufactures, $5,300. Liberty, co. in Ga., E. part. Area, 770 sq. mis. Pop., 7,688 ; in 1860, 8,367. It extends from the Cannouchee R. in the N. to the South New- port R. and the Altamalia R. in the S. The surface is low and in some parts swampy ; the soil but moderately fertile. Its sea-coast is indented by the St. Catharines Sound. Hines- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 131,845 bush.; oats, 58,0'.X> bush.; Irish pot's, 1,407 bush.; sweet pot's, 95,325 bush.; cotton, 2,090 bales; rice, 1.219,430 lbs.; butter, 15,939 lbs. Cash value of farms, .if(684,6.56. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- eluding additions to stock, etc., $558,291. Value of manufactures, $50,295. Liberty, tn. in Adam* co.. 111. Pop., 1,623. Liberty, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. E. of Quincy. Liberty, tn. in Effingham co.. 111. Pop., 504. Liberty, tn. in Crawford co., Ind. Pop., 757. Liberty, tn. in Delaware co., Ind. Pop., 1,639. Liberty, tn. in Fulton co., Ind. Pop., 1,429. Liberty, tn. in Grant Co., Ind. Pop., 1,989. Liberty, tn. in Hendricks co., Ind. Pop., 2,478. Liberty, tn. in Henry co., Ind. Pop., 1,884. Liberty, tn. in Howard co., Ind. Pop., 1,697. Liberty, tn. in Porter co., Ind. Pop., 798. Liberty, tn. in Shelby co., Ind. Pop., 1,46.5. Liberty, tn. in St. .loseph co., Ind. Pop., 1,394, Liberty, tn. in Tipton co., Ind. Pop., 1,746. Liberty, tn. in Union co., Ind. Pop., 763. *Liberty, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Cincinnati & Indianapolis .lunc- tion R. R., 131.^ mis. N. W. of Oxford, Ohio. A manufacturing and trading tn. Pop., 700. One newspaper. Liberty, tn. in Wabash co., Ind. Pop., 1,816. Liberty, tn. in Warren co., Ind. Pop., 1,176. Liberty, tn. in Wells co., Ind. Pop., 1,097. Liberty, tn. in White co., Ind. Pop., 888. Liberty, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop.. 1,272. Liberty, tn. in Clarke CO., Iowa. Pop., 77^. Liberty, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. N. E. of Osceola. Liberty, tn. In Clinton CO., Iowa. Pop., 931. Liberty, tn. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pop., 1,102. Liberty, tn. in .JetTerson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,082. Liberty, tn. in .Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 640. Liberty, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,135. Liberty, tn. in Lucas co., Iowa. Pop., 600. Liberty, tn. in Marion co., Iowa. Pop., 1,532. Liberty, tn. in Marshall co., Iowa. Pop., 709. Liberty, tn. in Mitchell CO., Iowa. Pop., 173. Liberty, tn. in O'Brien CO., Iowa. Pop., 715. Liberty, tn. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Pop., 243. Liberty, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 1,193. Liberty, tn. in Warren co., Iowa. Pop., 891. Liberty, tn. in AVright co., Iowa. Pop., 269. Liberty, tn. in Howard co., Kans. Pop., 394. Liberty, tn. in Labette co., Kans. Pop., 720. Liberty, tn. in Linn co., Kans. Pop., 480. ton R 11., ()2 mis. from i^ouisville. Pop. about 1,000. Liberty, tn. in Waldo CO., Me. Pop., 907. Liberty, p. v. in the above tn., 25 mis. E. of Augusta. Libertj', tn. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 1,070. Liberty, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. W. of Brooklyn. Liberty, p. o. in Scott CO., Minn. Liberty, p. v. and the co. seat of Amite co., Miss., 19 mis. W. of Magnolia. Pop., 560. One iinwsiiapur. Liberty, tn. in Adair CO., Mo. Pop., 854. Liberty, tn. in Bollinger CO., Mo. Pop., 1,680. Liberty, tn. in Callaway CO., Mo. Pop., 1,646. Liberty, tn. in Cape Girardeau CO., Mo. Pop., 870. Liberty, tn. in Clay co.. Mo. Pop., 4,831. * Liberty, p. v. in tlie above tn. and the co. seat, on the "Kansas Branch of the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 16 mis. S. of Holt. Seatof a con- siderable trade and some manufactories. Pop., 1,700. One newspaper. Liberty, tn. in Cole co.. Mo. Pop., 901. Liberty, tn. in Crawford co.. Mo. Pop., 1,071. Liberty, tn. in Daviess co.. Mo. Pop., 781. Liberty, tn. in Grundy co.. Mo. Pop., 1,036. Liberty, tn. in Iron co.. Mo. Pop., 479. Liberty, tn. in Macon co.. Mo. Pop., 1,210. Liberty, tn. in Madison co.. Mo. Pop., 480. I-iberty, tn. in Marion co.. Mo, Pop., 3,871. Liberty* tn. in Phelps co.. Mo. Pop., 470. Liberty, tn. in Pulaski co.. Mo. Pop., 893. Liberty, tn. in Putnam co., Mo. Pop., 1,174. Liberty, tn. in Schuyler co.. Mo. Pop., 1,529. Liberty, tn. in St. Francois co.. Mo. Pop^ 1,405. LIBEKT^. 497 LICKING. I^lberty, tn. in Stoddard co . Mo. Pop., 1,307. lilberty, tn. in Washington co., Mx Pop., 978. liltoerty, p. o. in Pawnee co., Nebr. Mberty, tn. in Sullivan co., IS. Y. Pop., 3,389. liiberty, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. 11., 22 mis. E. of Calicoon Depot. Is the seat of the Liberty Normal Institute. One newspaper. liiberty, tn. in Adams CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,377. liiberty, tn. in Butler co., Ohio. Pop., 1,443. liiberty, tn. in Clinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,184. liiberty^ tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 1,!597. liiberty, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 1,395. liiberty, tn. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Pop., 3,000. liiberty, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 1,1()3. liiberty, v. in the above tn. Pop., 169. liiberty, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 2,303. liiberty, tn. in Hancock co., Oliio. Pop., 1,011. liiberty, tn. in Henry CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,766. liiberty, tn. in Highland CO., Oliio. Pop., 5,189. liiberty, tn. in Jackson co., Ohio. Pop., 1,747. liiberty, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 959. liiberty, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 837. liiberty, tn. in Logan co., Ohio. Pop., 1,624. liiberty, tn. in Mercer co., Ohio. Pop., 779. liiberty, p. v. in Montgomery co., Oliio, 10 mis. S. W. of Dayton. liiberty, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Pop., 1,120. liiberty, tn. in Koss co., Ohio. Pop., 1,460. liiberty, tn. in Seneca co., Ohio. Pop., 1,168. liiberty, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 2,4-28. liiberty, tn. in Union co., Ohio. Pop., 1,414. liiberty, tn. in Van Wert co., Ohio. Pop., 1,174. liiberty, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop., 1,632. liiberty, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 965. liiberty, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 860. liiberty, tn. in Bedford co.. Pa, Pop., 806. liiberty, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop., 1,062. liiberty, tn. in McKean co.. Pa. Pop., 1,093. liiberty, tn. in Mercer co., Pa. Pop., 634. liiberty, tn. in Montour co.. Pa. Pop., 1,229. Ikiberty, tn. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. Pop., 1,030. liiberty, tn. in Tioga co.. Pa. Pop.. 1,319. liiberty, p. v- in the above tn., 10 mis. S. of Blossburgh. liiberty, p. v. in De Kalb co., Tenn., 20 mis. S. E. of Lebanon and 32 mis. N. E. of Murphx-ees- borough. liiberty, co. in Tex., E. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 4,414 ; in 1860, 3,189. The surface is mostly level ; the soil poor in tlie S. part, but more arable in the N. Trinity K. passes through the central part from N. to S., and East San Jacinto K. traverses the W. part. Big Pine Island Cr. touches the N. E. corner. Lib- erty is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 ; Indian-corn, 98,087 bush.; Irish pot's, 858 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,896 bush.; cotton, 1,881 bales; butter, 550 lbs. Casli value of farms, $319,608. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., |241,- 656. Value of manufactures, $11,455. liiberty, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on Trinity II. and the Texas & New Or- leans R. K., 41 mis. E. N. E. of Houston. Pop., 458. One newspaper. liiberty, p. o. in Kich co., Utah Ter. liiberty, tn. in Bedford co., Va. Pop., 5,840. *Iiiberty, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 19 mis. W. of Lynchburg. The surrounding country is rich in mineral resources. Pop., 1,208. Two newspapers. liiberty, tn. in ALarshall CO., W. Va. Pop., 1,062. liiberty, tn. in Ohio co., W. Va. Pop., 1,362. liiberty, tn. in Grant co.. Wis. Pop., 907. liiberty, tn. in Outagamie co., Wis. Pop., 461. 32 liiberty, p. v. in Vernon co., Wis., on the Kickapoo R. and 8 mis. E. S. E. of Viroqua, tlie CO. seat. liiberty Centre, v. in Wells co., Ind., 5 mis. from Bluffton. liiberty Centre, p. o. in Warren co., Iowa. liiberty Centre, p. v. in Henry co., Ohio, on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 1&^ mis. S. W. of Toledo. liiberty Corner, p. v. in Somerset co., N. J., 8 nils. N. N. E. of Somerville. liiberty Corners, p. o. in Crawford co., Ohio. liiberty Corners, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. liiberty Falls, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 126 mis. from N. Y. It is pleasantly located in a picturesque valley. liiberty Farm, p. o, in Clay CO., Nebr. Ter. liiberty Furnace, p. o. Shenandoah co., Va. liiberty Orove, p. o. in Cecil co., Md. liiberty Grove, tn. in Door co., Wis. Pop., 333. liberty Hall, p. o. in Newberry district, S. C. liiberty Hill, p. o. in Dallas co., Ala. liiberty Hill, p. v. in New London co.. Conn., near the Aii-line R. R., 4 mis. S. W. of Willi- mantie. liiberty Hill, p. o. in Pike co., Ga. liiberty Hill, p. o. in Bienville parish. La. liiberty Hill, p. o. in Iredell co., N. C. Liiberty Hill, p. o. in Williamson co., Tex. liiberty l.andiug', p. o. in Clay CO., Mo. liiberty ]H:ills, p. v. in W^abash co., Ind., on Eel 11., 17 mis. S. W. of Columbia City. liiberty Mills, p. o. in the v. of Somerset In Orange CO., Va., on the Charlottesville & Fred- ericksburgh R. R., 9 mis. W. of Orange Court House. liiberty Pole, p. v. in Vernon co.. Wis., 5 mis. S. of Viroqua, the co. seat. liiberty Prairie, p. o. in Madison co., HI. liiberty Ridg-e, p. o. in Grant co.. Wis. liiberty Spring's, p. o. in Van Buren co., Ark. liiberty Sqnare, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., about 2 nils, from the Susquehanna R. and 15 nils. S. of Lancaster. liibertytowu, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 12 nils. N. E. of Frederick: in the center of an agricultural district. One newspaper. liiberty ville, tn. in Lake co., 111. Pop., 1,236. liibertyville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Des Plaines R., 6^ mis. W. of Rockland. liibertyville, p. o. in Vigo co., Ind. liibertyville, p. v. in Jefferson co., Iowa, on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 6 nils. W. S. W. of Fairfield. liibertyville, p. v. in St. Francois co.. Mo., 12 nils, from De Lassus. liibertyville, p. v. in Sussex co., N. J., 11 mis. N. of La Fayette. liibertyville, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. liibrary, p. o. in Allegany co.. Pa. liick, tn. in Jackson co., Ohio. Pop., 3,746. liick Creek, tn. in Little River co., Ark. Pop., 361. liick Creek, p. o. in Union co.. 111. liick Creek, p. o. in Orange co., Ind. liick Creek, tn. in Davis co., Iowa. Pop., 1,246. liick Creek, tn. in Van Buren CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,199. liick Creek, p. o. in Hickman co., Tenn. liicking', tn. in Crawford co.. 111. Pop., 1,625. liicking, tn. in Blackford co., Ind. Pop., 2,185. liicking, p. o. in Texas co.. Mo. liicking, CO. in Ohio, central part. Area, 670 sq. mis. Pop., 35,756; in 1860, 37,011. It is drained. by the Licking R., witli its branches. Tlie sur- face is nearly level and the soil generally under good cultivation. It contains numerous quarries and factories. The Pittsburgh, Ciii- ciunati & St. Louis R. R., the Sandusky & Mansfield R. R. and the Ohio Canal traverse the CO. Newark is the co. seat. Agr. produc- LICKING. 498 LIMESTONE. tions in 1870: Wlieat, 331,381 bush.; rye, 20,046 busli.; Indian-corn, 1.556,341 busli.; oats, 359,617 busb ; Irish pot's, 145,305 bush.; sweei pot's, 1,808 bush.; butter, 858,152 lbs.; hay, 49,995 tons. Cash value of farms, $20,116,813. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $3,471,261. Value of manufactures, $1,685,654. liickiiig, tn. in Licking CO., Ohio. Pop., 850. liicking, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop., 992. I^icking, tn. in Clarion co., Pa. Pop., 1,218. Licking- €reek, tn. in Fulton co., Pa. Pop., 925. Lickingbole, tn. in Goochland co., Va. Pop., 3,430. Licking River, tributary of the Muskingum 11., Ohio; is formed by a number of forks and empties opposite Zanesville. Licking "Valley, p. v. in Muskingum co., Obio, on Licking Cr., 9 mis. N. VV. of Zanes- ville. Lickingville, p. o. in Clarion co., Pa. Lick Mountain, tn. in Conway CO., Ark. Pop., 518. Lick Mountain, p. o. in Conway co., Ark. Lick Prairie, tn. in Wabash co., 111. Fop., 527. Lick Run, p. o. in Athens co , Ohio. Licksville, p. o. in Frederiok co., Md. Lick Valley, p. o. in Ozark co.. Mo. Lida, ]). o. in Inyo co., Cal. Litldesdale, p. o. in Columbia co.. Ark. Lightning Creek, p. o. in Cherokee Nation, Ind. Ter. Light Street, p. v. in Columbia CO., Pa., 2 mis. N. E. of Bloomsburgh. ♦Ligonier, p. v. in Noble CO., Ind., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 17 mis. W. of the city of Kendallville, and on Elkhart R. Ships much wheat and country produce and has several manufactories. One newspajoer. Ligonier, tn. in Westmoreland co., Pa. Pop., 2,431. Ligonier, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. E. S. E. of Latrobe. Pop., 317. Likens, p. o. in Ci'awford co., Ohio. Lilesville, p. v. in Anson co., N. C, on Caro- lina Central R. R., 13 mis. W. of Rockingham. Lillian, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 489. Lillard's Mills, p. o. in Marshall co., Teun. Lillington, p. o. in New Hanover co., N. C. Lilly, p. o. in Tazewell co.. 111. Lilly, p. o. in Scioto co., Oliio. Lilly l>ale, p. o. in Perry co., Ind. Lilly I'ond, p. o. in Goiilon co., Ga. Lima, tn. in Adams co., ill. Pop., 1,462. Lima, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. W. of Mendon. Pop., 283. Lima, tn. in Carroll CO., 111. Pop., 531. Lima, tn. in La Grange co., Ind. Pop., 1.371. Lima, p. v. in the above tn., on Pigeon Run and on Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 9 mis. N. of La Grauf'e. Pop., 419. LiniA, p. V. in Fayette co., Iowa, on the Clii- cago, Clinton & Dubuque R. R., 138 mis. from Clinton. Lima, p. o. in Clay co., Kaus. Linut, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,052, Lima, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. E. of Chelsea on the Michigan Central R. R. Lima, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop., 2,912. *Lima. p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. of Hone- oye Falls. It is ijleasantly situated on a Inanch of the Genesee R., and is the seat of the Genesee College and Wesleyan Seminary. Pop., 1,257. One newspaper. Lima, v. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 160. *^Lima, p. v. and the co. seat of Allen co., Ohio, at the intersection of the Dayton & Michigan R. R. with the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chi- cago R. R., 20 mis. S. of Ottawa and 4U4 mis. W. of Upper Sandusky. It is situated on the Ottawa R., in a productive farming district, and has important manufacturing establish- ments, foundries, steam mills, etc. Pop., . 4,500; m I860, 1,989. Two newspapers. Lima, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,642. Lima, p. v. in Delaware co.. Pa., 2 mis. N. ot Glen Riddle. Lima, p. o. in Greenville district, S. C. Lima, tn. in Rock CO., Wis. Pop., 1,136. Lima, tn. in Grant CO., Wis. Pop., 1,085. Lima, tn. in Pepin co.. Wis. Pop., 477. Lima, tn. in Sheboygan co., Wis. Pop., 2,190. Lima Centre, p. v. in Rock co., Wis. on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 9 mis. W. S. W. of Palmyra. Lima-vil'le, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio, on the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Alliance. Pop., 204. Lime, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 744. Lime Creek, tn. in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 1,333. Lime Creek, p. o. in Dixon co., Nebr. Lime Hill, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Lime Kiln, p. o. in Frederick co., Md. Lime Kiln, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Lime Lake, p. o. in Murray co., Minn. Limeport, p. o. in Lehigh CO., Pa. Limerick, p. v. in Bureau co., 111., 7 mis. N. of Princeton. Limerick, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 1,425. Limerick, p. v. in the above tn., on the Little Ossipee R., 19 mis. W. of Gorham. The river furnishes water-power for a woollen factory. Limerick, p. v. in JelTerson co., N. Y., on a branch of the Rome, Watertown & Ogdens- burgh R. R., 9 mis. N. W. of Watertown. Limerick, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop., 2,600. Limerick, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. W. of Limerick Station. Limerick Station, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., on the Philadelphia & Reading R. &,, i)% mis. N. W. of Pawling. Lime Ridge, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Lime Ridge, p. v. in Sauk co.. Wis., 10 mis. S. W. of Reedsburgh. Lime Rock, p. v. in Litchfield co., Conn., 3 nxls. S. W. of "Falls Village. Lime Rock, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., 10 mis. N. N. W. of Providence. # Lime Rock, p. v. in Outagamie co.. Wis., S}X mis. N. of South Osborne and 21 m.ls. N. oi^ Appleton. Lime Spring, p. v. in Howard co., Iowa, on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 11 mis. N. W. of Creseo. One newspaper. Limestone, CO. in Ala., N. part. Area about 650 sq. mis. Pop., 15,017 ; in 1860, 15,306. It is bounded on the S. by the Tennessee R. and on the W. partly by Elk R., which drains the western part. The Tennessee receives Lime- stone Cr., Swan Cr. and other small tributa- ries. The southern part of the co. embraces a part of the wide and fertile valley of the Ten- nessee, the northern part is traversed bj' sev- eral ranges of hills. The co. is intersected by the Charleston & Memphis R. R. and the Nashville & Decatur R. R. Athens is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : W heat, 24,010 bush.; rye, 837bush.; Indian-corn, 404,435 bush.; oats, 10,102 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,922 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,427 bush.; cotton, 7,319 bales; buttei', 115,982 lbs.; hay, 65 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,816,510. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ailditions to stock, etc., $1,231,157. Value of manufactures, $109,- 278. Limestone, tn. in Franklin co., Ark. Pop., 210. Limestone, tn.in Kankakee co., 111. Pop., 840. Limestone, tn. in Peoria co.. 111. Pop., 2,302. Limestone, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop., 263. Limestone, p. o. in the above tn. Limestone, p. v. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y., on the Butlalo, Bradford & Pittsburgh Branch of the Erie R. R., 6 mis. S. of Carrolltou. LIMESTONE. 499 LINCOLN liime^toiie, tn. in Lycoming co., Pa. Pop., 1,256. liiinestone, tn. in Clarion co., Pa. Pop., 1,375. liimestonc, p. v. in the above tn. liiinestone, tn. in Montour CO., Pa. Pop., 710. ]jiuie Little Grant, p. o. in the above tn. Little Gunpowder, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Little Hickman, p. o. in Jessamine co., Ky. Little Hockhocking, p. v. in Washington CO., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 7% mis. below Bel- pre. Little Indian, p. o. in Cass co.. 111. Little Kanawba River, a tributary of the Ohio R., in W. Va.; rises in Upshur co., flows through Braxton, Gilmar, Calhoun, White and Wood COS., and joins the Ohio at Parkersburg. Hughes R. and the West Fork of the Kana- wha R. are its principal aflluents. Little Lake, tn. in Mendocino co., Cal. Pop., 9-t(i. Little Lake, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. N. of Cki:ih. Little Lake, p. o. in Adams co.. Wis. Little Lot, p. o. in Hickman co., Tenn. Little Mackinaw, tn. in Tazewell co.. 111. Pop., 1.2.5t). Little ^lahoney, tn. in Northumberland co.. Pa. Pop., 269. Little ^Vlarriack, p. o. in Franklin co.. Mo. Little Marsh, p. v. in Tioga co.. Pa., 14 mis. W. of Tioga. Little Meadows, p. v. in Susquehanna co., Pa.. 20 mis. N. W. of Montrose. Pop., 133. Little Miami River, a tributary of the Ohio li., in Ohio; rises in Clark CO., intersects Green, Warren and Hamilton cos., and joins the Ohio 6 nils, above Cincinnati. Little Mineral, p. o. in Grayson co., Tex. Little Missouri River, a tributary of the Missouri R.; rises in Wyoming and flows through the S. E. corner of Montana and W. Dakota in a northerly direction. Little Mount, p. o. in Spencer co., Ky. Little Mountain, p. o. in Newberry district, S. C. Little Muddy, v. in Franklin co.. 111., 8 mis. I'l by S. of Duquoin. Little Xeck, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. Little North Fork, tn. in Marion co.. Ark. Pop., 303. Little Oak, p. o. in Pike CO., Ala. Little Oley, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Little Osage, p. v. in Vernon co.. Mo., 10 mis. from Nevada. Little Otter, p. o. in Braxton co., W. Va. Little Plymouth, p. v. in King and Queens CO., Va., 07 mis. E. of Richmond. Little Port, p. o. in Clayton co., Iowa. Little Prairie, p. o. in Hopkins co., Ky. Little Prairie, p. o. in Catahoula parish, La. Little Prairie, tn. in Pemiscot co.. Mo. Pop., Little Prairie, p. o. in Walworth co., AVis. Little Prairie Ronde, p. v. m Cass co., Mich., 7 mis. S. E. of Decatur and 6 mis. N. W. of Marcellus. Little Rest, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Little River, p. o. in Cherokee co., Ala. Little River, co. in Ark., S. W. part. Area, 550 sq. nils. Pop., 3,23(5. It occupies the country between the Red R. and Little R., which join at the eastern extremity of the co. The sur- face is rolling and the soil productive. Rocky Comfort is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Indian-corn,' 136,.50O bush.; cot- ton, 4,966 bales. Cash value of farms, $289,337. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $483,- !)>^3. Value of uianufactures, JjlS/iOO. Little River, p. o. in Little River co.. Ark. Little River, tn. in Little River CO., Ark. Pop., 160. Little River, tn. in Mississippi co., Ark. Poji., 51. Little River, p. v. in Mendocino co., Cal., on the Pacific Coast, 35 mis. N. W. of Ukiah. Poyi., l."iS. Little River, a tributary of the Oconee R. in Ga.; rises in Morgan co., flows S. E. and emp- ties about 11 mis. N. of Milledgeville. Little River, a tributary of the Savannah R. in Ga.; rises in Oglethorpe co., and flowing LITTLE RIVER. SOS LIVE OAK. N. W. empties between Lincoln and Columbia COS. JLittle RiTer, tn. in Pemiscot co., Mo. Pop., 120. liittle River, an affluent of the Neuse R. in N. C; rises in Wake co., and flowing S. E. empties near Wayncsborougb. Kiittle River, p. o. in Alexander co., N. C. Iiittle River, an affluent of the Broad R. in S. C; rises in Chester district and flows S. through Fairfleld district. !Little River, p. v. in Horry district, S. C, 12 nils, from Whitesville. Iiittle River, a small tributary of New R. in Va.; flows along the boundary of Pulaski and Montgomery cos. I/ittle River, tn. in Floyd co., Va. Pop., 1,879. Iiittle River, p. o. in the above tn. Iiittle River Academy, p. o. in Cumberland CO., N. C. Iiittle Rock, city, co. seat of Pulaski co. and capital of Ark.; is the terminus of the Mem- phis & Little Rock R. R., 135 mis. from Mem- phis, Tenn., and bj^ the Little Rock & Fort Smith R. R., 49 mis. from Louisburg. It is picturesquely situated on a steep blufl' 50 ft. high, on the southern bank of the Arkansas R., and commands delightful views of the surrounding country. Its extensive commerce makes Little Rock the most prosperous and important city in the state. Pop., 12,380; in 18()0, 3,727 ; in 1850, 2,167. Nine new.spapers. Iiittle Rock, p. V. in Marion district, S. C, 15 mis from Marion, theco. seat. Iiittle Rocky Mountains, a chain iu N. Mont. Ter., trending E. and W. between.tlie Missouri and Milk Rs. Iiittle Sandnsky, p. v. in "Wyandot co., Ohio, on the Sandusky R., 7 mis. S. S. E. of Upper Sandusky. Iiittle Sandy, p. o. in Jefferson co.,Nebr. Ter. Iiittle Sank, tn. in Todd co., Minn. Pop., 202. Iiittle Sank. p. o. in Todd co., Minn. Iiittle Sewell Mountain, p. o. in Greenbrier CO., W. Va. Iiittle Sioux, tn. in Harrison co., Iowa. Pop., 644. Iiittle Sioux, p. v. in the above tn., on the Little Sioux R. and near the Missouri R.; lies on the Sioux City & Pacific R. R., 17 mis. N. of Cumming City. Iiittle Sioux, tn. in Woodbury co., Iowa. Pop., 900. Little Sioux River, tributary of the Mis- souri R. in N. VV. Iowa. It is formed by two forks, which rise in O'Brien co. and join near Cherokee, the co. seat of Cherokee co. After pursuing a southerly course through Wood- bury and Monona cos., the river empties into the Missouri in the north-eastern part of Har- rison CO. Iiittle Sodus Ray extends from Lake Ontario into Cayuga co., N. Y., and is about 4 mis. long. It receives Little Sodus R. liittle's Mills, p. o. in Richmond co., N. C. liittle's Mills, p. o. in Tyler co., "W. Va. Iiittle Spring, p. o. in JNIadison co.. Ark. liittlesto^vn, p. borough in Adams co.. Pa., at terminus of Littlestown Branch of Hanover R. R., 7 mis. S. W. of Hanover ; in a rich farm- ing and mineral section. Has seveial manu- factories. One newspaper. Pop., 847. Iiittle Sturgeon, p. v. in Door co., Wis., on Green Bay, 11 mis. W. of Sturgeon Bay. Iiittle Suaniico, tn. in Oconto co., Wis. Pop., 542. Iiittle Suamico, p. v. in the above tn.,near the entrance of Little Suamico Cr. into Green Bay, and on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 21 mis. N. of Fort Howard. Iiittle Sugar Iioaf, p. o. in Bladen co., N. C. liittlesville, p. o. in Winston co., Ala. Iiittle Toby, p. v. in Clearfield co.. Pa., 15 mis. S. of Ritlgway. liittletou, p. V. in Arapahoe co., Colo. Ter., on the Denver & Rio Grande R. R., 11 mis. from Denver. Pop. about 150. liittletou, tn. in Schuyler co., 111. Pop., 1,140. liittletou, p. V. in the' above tn., 8 mis. N. by W. of Rushville. liittleton, p. o. in Sumner co., Kans. liittletou, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop., 700. liittletou, p. o. in the above tn. liittletou, V. in Wetzel co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., IS mis. N. W. of Mun- nington. The p. o. is Milo. Pop. about 100. liittleton, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 9S3. liittleton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Fitch- burg R. R., 51^ mis. N. W. of South Acton. liittleton, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop.. 2,44(5. ^liittleton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Am- monoosuc R. and on the White Mountain It. R., 24 mis. N. W. of Wells River, Vt. It luis manufactoriesof scj^thes, iron castings, leath- er, etc., and is a favorite starting point fo'' tourists to the White Mts. One newspaper. liittletou, p. o. in Morris co., N. .J. liittleton, p. V. in Halifax co., N. C, on the Raleigh & Gaston R. R., 9 mis. W, of Gaston. liittleton, p. V. iu Sussex co., Va., 14 mis. from Stony Creek. liittleton, V. in Wetzel co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 57 mis. W. of Grafton. The p. o. is Milo. Iiittle Traverse, tn. in Emmett co., Mich. Pop., 294. Iiittle Traverse, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Little Traverse B., about 75 mis. N. N. E. of Traverse City. Iiittle Traverse Bay, in Emmett co., Mich.; extends from the N. part of Lake Michigan into Emmett co. Iiittle Utica, p. o. in Onondago co., N. Y. Iiittle "Valley, p. o. in Olmstead co., Minn. Iiittle Valley, tn. iu Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1.108. Iiittle "^'alley, p. v. in the above tn., near the junction of Little Valley Cr. with the Alle- ghany R., and on the Erie R. R., 1% mis. N. of Salamanca and 38 mis. S. E. of Dvinkirk. Center for a large dairying trade. One news- paper. Iiittle "Wabash River, a tributai-y of the Wabash R. in S. E. 111.; rises in Shelby CO., ]iasses through Efflngham, Clay, Wayne and White COS., and empties between Wl'iite and Gallatin cos. Iiittle "Walnut, p. o. in Butler co., Kans. Iiittle "Warrior, p. o. in Blount co., Ala. Iiittle "Whim, p. o. in StalTord co., Va. Iiittle "Wild Cat, p. o. in Lewis co , W. Va. Iiittle "^Volf, tn. in Waupacca co.. Wis. Pop., 716. Iiittle "Wolf, p. o. ill the above tn. Iiittle Yadkin, p. o. in Stokes CO., N. C. Iiittle York, tn. in Nevada CO., Cal. Pop., 8 (is. Iiittle York, p. v. in the above tn. Iiittle York, p. v. in Warren co., 111., 8 mis. N. W. of Monmouth, the co. seat. Iiittle York, p. o. in Washington co., Ind. Iiittle York, v. in Greene co.. Mo., 2 mis. from Brookline Station on the Atlantic & Pacific R.R. Iiittle York, p. o. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Iiittle York, p. o. in Cortland co., N. Y. Iiittle York, v. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 30 mis. S. of Ogdensburgh. Pop., 117. Iiittle York, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ohio, 8 nils. N. W. of Dayton. Pop., 111. liitwalton, p. o. In Lancaster co , Va. liitzenberg, p. o. in Lehigh CO., Pa. liivelv Grove, p. o. in Washington CO., 111. lAvely Oaks, p. o. in Lancaster co., Va. liive Oak, p. v. and the co. seat of Suwannee CO., Fla., on .Jacksonville, Pensacola & Mobile R. R., 83 nils. E. of Tallahassee, and connected with Jessup by a branch railroad. It has con- I.rVE OAK. 506 LIVINGSTON. siderablc trade ia cotton and sugar. One newspaper. lAve Oak, p. o.in Terre Bonne parish, La. l.ivc Oiik, p. o. in Henry co., Tenn. Iiivc Oak, CO. in Tex., S. central part. Area, 800 sq. mis. Pop., 8.52; in 1S60, 593. The sur- face is uneven ; the soil poor. The Rio Nueces K. drains the central and K. part. Oakville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : In- dl.au-corn, 1,875 bush. Cash value of farms, $63,839. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., !{;;38,091. liive Oak Store, p. o. in Livingston parish, La. liiverniore, p. v. in Alameda co., Cal., on the Central Pacific E. R., 41 mis. from Oakland. Pop. about 300. liiverniore, p. o. in Larimer co., Colo. Ter. lilverinore, p. v. in McLean co., Ky., on Green R. and the Owensborough &RusselvilleR. R., 21 mis. S of Owensborough. Pop., 302. liiverniore, tn. in Androscoggin CO., Me. Pop., I,4(i7. liiverinore, p. v. in the above tn., 5mls. E. of Canton . Iiivermore, p. v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., on the Klskiminitas R. and the Pennsjdvania Central II. R., 5mls. S. VV.of BlairsvUle. Pop., 211. liiverniore Centre, p. v. in Androscoggin CO., Me., near the Androscoggin R. and the Androscoggin R. R., 5 mis. N. N. W. of North Leeds. liiverinore Falls, tn. in Androscoggin co., Me. liivermore Falls, p. v. in the above tn., on the Androscoggin R. and the Androscoggin R. R., 5 nils. N. of E. Livermore. Liverpool, tn. in Fulton co.. Ill, Pop., 1,336. liivcrpool, p. V. in the above tn., on the Illi- nois R. and 8 mis. E. of Lewiston. liivcrpool, p. V. in Onondaga co., N. Y., on the Onondaga Lake, the Syracuse Northern R. R. and Oswego Canal, Sinls. N. N. W. of Syra- cuse. Near it are numerous salt springs, from which large quantities of salt are manufac- turefl. Pop., 1,555. One newspaper. liiverpool, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop., 1,42.5. Liverpool, p. v. in the above tn., on Rock R. and 10 mis. N. N. W. of Medina. liiverpool, tn. in Columbia co., Ohio. Pop., 2,907. Liverpool, tn. in Perry co., Pa. Pop., 859. Liverpool, p. borough "in the above tn., on the Susquehanna R., Sl^^ mis. N. N. W. of Harris- burgh. Pop., 823. liiverpool, v. in York co., Pa. Llvia, p. o. in McLean co., Ky. Living'ston, p. v. and the co. seat of Sumter CO., Ala., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. R. 27 mis. S. VV. of Eutaw. Pop., 500. One news- paper. Livingston, p. o. in Merced co., Cal. Living:stoii, p. o. in Floj-d co., Ga. liiving'stoii, CO. in 111., N. E. central part. Area, 1,020 sq. mis. Pop., 31,471 ; in 1860, 11,637. The surface is level ; the soil fertije. Stone- coal is found on the banks of the Vermillion R. Sandstone and limestone are also found. The county is traversed in the S. part by the Toledo, Peoria & AVai-saw R. R., by the Fair- bury, Pontiac & Northwestern R. R., and by the St. Louis, Alton & Chicago R. R. Pontiac is the CO, seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 130,545 l)ush.; rye, 29,300 bush.; Irish pot's, 93,788 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,133 bush.; butter, 809,020 lbs.; hay, 64,013 tons. Cash value ot farms, .$14,246,59.3. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., ijl,981,993. Value of manufactures, $465,963. liiviug^stou, p. v. in Clarke co., 111., on the St. Louis, Vandal ia, Terre Haute & Indianapolis R. R., 2 mis. E. of Marshall. Livingston, p. v. in Appanoose co., Iowa, 12 mis. S. W. of Centreville, the co. seat. Livingston, co. in Ky., W. part. Area, 275 sq. mis. Pop., 8,200 ; in I860, 7,213. The sur- face is undulating ; the soil good. Timber is abundant, also stone-coal and iron ore. It is bounded on the N. and AV. by the Ohio R., which separates it from 111.; on the S. bj' tho Cumberland R., and part of the E. boundary is formed by Deer Cr. Smithland is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 27,.525 bush.; rye, 270 bush.; Indian-corn, 308.298 bush.: oats, 30,726 bush.; Irish pot'9, 23,735 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,805 bush.; tooacco, 1,086,.578 lbs.; butter, 44,512 lbs.; hay, 990 tons. Cash value of farms, $826,057. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $505,762. Value of manufactures, $94,707. Livingston, v. in Laurel co., Ky., on the Knoxville Branch of the Louisville & Nash- ville R. R., 18 mis. S. E. of Broadhead. The p. o. is Fish PoiJit. Livingston, parish in La., S. E. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop.,4,026; inl8(i0, 4,43J. The surface is nearly level and the soil moderately fertile. The Amite R., navigable for steamboats, forms the W. boundary, the Tangipahoa R. forms the E. and Lake Pontchartrain, Lake Mavappas'and AmitcR. form the S. boundary. Tickfaw R. passes through the central part from N. to S., emptying into Lake Mavappas. The New Orleans, .Jackson & Great Northern R. R. passes through the E. part. Springfield is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: In- dian-corn, 46,.595 bush.; Irish pot's, 476 bush.; sweet pot's, 20,923 bush.; cotton, 1,426 bales ; sugar, 135 hhds.; rice, 20,000 lbs.; butter, 520 lbs. Cash value of farms, $200,620. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to slock, etc., $202,725. Value of man- ufactures, $.50,150. Livingston, co. in Mich., central part. Area, 4,50 sq. mis. Pop., 19,336 ; in 1860, 16,851. The sur- face is level ; the soil fertile. It is intersected by the Kalamazoo Canal, and drained by a number of small creeks. Howell is the co. seat. Agr. protluctions in 1870 : Wheat, 67-3,701 bush.; rye, 2,734 bush.; Indian-corn, 4.54,923 bush.; oats, 247,801 bush.; Irish pot's, 293,832 bush.; wool, 455,540 lbs.; butter, 751,357 lbs.; hay, 43,027 tons. Cash value of farms, .$10,829,- 32.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,381,063. Value of manufactures, $54l,04(;. Livingston, co. in Mo., N. W. part. Pop., 1<),730; in 1860, 7,417. Tho co. is drained by Grand R. and its tributaries, and inltirsected by the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. The sur- face consists chielly of prairies ; the river bottoms are well timbered. Coal has been found in the co. Chillicothe is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 141,657 bush.; rye, 14,768 bush ; Indian-corn, 7-56,428 bush.; oats, 248,.535 bush.; Irish pot's, 57,817 bush.; sweet pot's, 797 bush.; tobacco, 32.3,362 lbs.; butter, 239,507 lbs.; hay, 5,917 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,843,993. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,264,080. Value of manufac- tures, .$409,935. Livingston, tn. in Essex co., N. J. Pop., 1,1.57. Livingston, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. W. of Orange. Livingston, co. in N. Y.. W. central part. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop., 38,309 ; in 1860, 39,516. It has an undulating surface and a highly productive soil. The Genesee R. passes through the co. and drains it with numerous small tributaries. Conesus and Hemlock Lakes are in the eastern part. Sev- eral branches of the New York Central R. R. LIVINGSTON. 507 LOCKPOET. and the Rochester Division of the Erie K. R. intersect the co. Gsneseo is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 947,489 hush.; rye, 13,498 biish.; Indian-corn, 579,313 busli.; oats, 779,189 bush.; Irisli pot's, 313,274 bush ; wool, 605,841 lbs.; butter, 1,06,9300 lbs.: haj', 72,757 tons. Cash value of farms, i5i25,674,042. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $5,121,380. Value of manufactures, $2,614,786. IilTins^ston, tn. in Columbia co., N. Y. Pop., 1,938. Iilvlng'ston, p. v. in the above tn., near the ICudson River R. R., 8>^mls. S. of Hudson. IilTinj^ston, p. v. and the co. seat of Overton CO., Tenu., 46 mis. E. by N. of Lebanon. Pop., 240. One newspaper. liiviug-stoii, p. V. and the co. seat of Polk co., Tex., on Long King Cr., 5 mis. N. E. of Swartwout and 71 mis. N. N. E. of Houston. Iort, p. V. in the above tn., on the Des Plaines R., the Illinois & Michigan Canal and the Chicago & Alton R R.,5^ mis. X. of Joliet. It has ranch local commerce, and the ample water-power furnished by the river is em- ploj-ed in several manufacturing establish- ments. Pop., 1,771. liockport, p. V. in Carroll co., Ind., on the Wa- bash R. and the Wabash & Erie Canal, 5 nils. N. of Rockfleld. liOckport, V. in Fayette co., Ind., on the White Water R. and Canal, 15 mis. W. S. W. of Rich- mond. liOckport, V. in Clay co., Ind., on the Cincin- nati & Terre Haute "R. R., 10 mis. S. E. of Terro Haute. LOCKPOET. 508 LOGAN. liOckport, V. ill P.ntler co., Ky.,on the Green R. liOcKport, p. V. in Ileniy co., Ky., on the Ken- tucky R. liOckport, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 3,4.'if;. Ijockport, V. in the above tn. Pop., 1,553. liOokport, V. in Andj' Johnson co., Minn., Si ml-. W. S. W. of Otter Tail City. liOckport, tn. in Niagara co., N. Y. Pop., 15,45S. *L.ockport, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Erie Canal & New York Centr;il R. R., 306 nals. W. of Albany and 21 mis. E. of Niagara Falls. The canal here descends by 10 locks, and the iiuinensc water-power thus af- forded is used in numerous mills and facto- ries. It has flouring mills, cotton mills, saw mills, iron foundries and -woollen factories. The surrounding country is exceedingly fer- tile. Poji., l-2,4-2(i. Eight newspapers. liOckport, V. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop., 250. liOekport, p. v. in Williams co., Ohio, on Tif- fin R. and 3'4 mis. N. of Stryker. liOokport, borontjh in Erieco., Pa. Pop., 405. LiOckport, V. in Jlifflin co., Pa. liockport Station, p. o. in Westmoreland co., Pa. l/ookridg'e, tn. in Jcflferson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,6S0. liOckrid^e, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. E. of Glendali;. IiOcksbiirg', p. V. and the co. seat of Sevier co.. Ark., on Cosatot Cr., and 120 mis. S. W. of Little Rock. liOck Seventeen, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, on the Tuscarawas R. and Canal and on the Pittsburgh, Chicinnati & St. Louis R. R., 71^ mis. S.'W. of Uhricksville. JLock Spring', p. o. in Ripley co., Ind. IiOCk Spring, \). o. in Daviess co., Mo. liOck'S Villas-o. p. v. in Franklin CO., Mass., 8 mis. S. E. of Miller's Falls. liOcktOTvn, p. o. in Hunterdon co., N. J. liOckville, p. V. in Chatham co., N. C, 20 mis. from Cary. liOckville, p. o. in Fairfield co,, Ohio. liOckwood, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Locust, tn. in Christian co.. 111. Pop., 825. Locnst, tn. in Columbia co., Pa. Pop., ],.534. Locust Bayou, tn. in Calhoun co., Ark. Pop., 608. Locust Bayou, p. o. in the above tn. Locust Bottom, p. v. in Botetourt co., Va., 10 nils, from Clifton Forge. LiOcnst Corner, p. o. in Clermont co., Ohio. Locust Cottage, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Ark. Locust Creek, tn. in Linn co., Mo. Pop., 2,398. T.iOcnst Creek, p. o. in Louisa co., Va. Locust Dale, v. in Schuylkill co.. Pa., on the Mine Hill & East Mahanoy R. R. Locust Dale, tn. in Madison co., Va. Pop., 3,4(54. Locust Forest, v. in Butler co., Ky. Locust Gap, p. o. in Northumberland co., Pa., on the Mine Hill & East Mahanoy R. R. SiOcust Grove, tn. in Searcy co.. Ark. Pop., 524. Locust Grove, p. o. in Henry co., Ga. Locust Grove, p. o. in AVilliamson co.. 111. Locust Grove, p. o. in Cherokee co., Ind. Ter. Locust Grove, tn. in Jefferson co., Iowa. Pop.,l,W!. Locust Grove, p. o. in Atehison co., Kans. Locust Grove, p. v. in Callaway co., Ky. Locust Grove, p. v. in Kent co., Md., 12 mis. N. E. of Chostertown. Locust Grove, p. v. in Lewis co., N. Y.,3 mis. W. of I'nrt Leyden. Locust «Jrove, ]>. v. in Adams co., Ohio, 21 mis. S. E. of Hillsborough. Pop., 103. Locust Grove, p. o. in Fulton co.. Pa. Locust ©rove, p. o. in Weakly co., Tenn. Locust Grove, p. o. in Rusk co., Tex. Locust Grove, tn. in Floyd co., Va. Pop., 1,991. Locnst Grove, p. o. in Orange co., Va., 7 ml.g. from (Grange Court House. Locust II ill, ]). o. in Knox co., Mo. Locust Hill, }). o. in Caswell co., N. C. Locust Hill, p. o. in Washington co., Pa. Locnst Hill, p. o. in Middlesex co., Va. Locnst Lane, p. v. in Winneshiek co., Iowa, 9 mis. from Dckorah. Locust Lane, p. o. in Indiana co., Pa. Locust Level, p. o. in Stanley co., N. C. Locnst Level, ]). o. in Halifax co., Va. Locust :mils, 1). o. in Bracken co., Ky. Locust Slonnd, p. v. in Miller co.. Mo., 12 mis. from Tuscumbia. Locust Mount, p. o in Washington co., Tenn. Locust Slonnt, p. v. in Accomack co., Va., 10 mis. from Accmnack Court House. Locust Point, p. o. in Ottawa co., Ohio. Locnst Ridge, p. o. in Brown co., Ohio. Locnst Spring, v. in Macoupin co., 111., 30ml3. S. W. of Springfield. Locust Spring, p. o. in Greene co., Tenn. Locust Valley, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y., oa the Long Island R. R. Locust Valley, p. o. in Lehigh co., Pa. Locustville, p. o. Accomack co., Va., on Chesapeake Bay. Loda, tn. in Iroquois CO., 111. Pop., 1,921. Loda, V. in above tn., on Chicago I)ivision of Illinois Central R. R., 100 mis. from Chicago. Has considerable country trade and one news- paper. Lodge Pole Creek, tributary of the South Platte R., in Wyo. Ter. and Nebr.; rises in the Black Hills and has an easterly' course. The Union Pacific R. R. follows its valley. Lodi, p. o. in San Joaquin co., Cal. Lodi, p. o. in Clay co., Dak. Ter. Lodi, p. o. in Coweta co., Ga. Lodi, p. o. in Wabash co., Ind. Lodi, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,344. Lodi, p. o. in IMontgomery co., Miss. Lodi, p. o. in Newton co.. Mo. Lodi, p. o. in Dakota co., Nebr. Lodi, tn. in Bergen co., N. J. Pop., 3,221. Lodi, p. V. in the above tn., 2 mis. W. of Hack- ensack. It is the western terminus of the Lodi Branch of the Hackensack Branch of the Erie R. R., and is also on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R. Lodi, tn. in Seneca co., N. Y. Pop., 1,825. Lodi, p. V. in the above tn., 4!^ mis. S. of Ovid. Lodi, p. V. in Medina CO., Ohio, 4 mis. N. of Burba nk. Lodi, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,551. Lodi, p. o. in Clay co., Tenn. Lodi, p. o. in AVashington co., Va. Lodi, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 1,50(1. *Lodi, p. V. in the above tn., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 28 mis. N. of Madison. Po)!., 725. One newspaper. Lodi Center, p. o. in Seneca CO., N. Y. Lodina, p. o. Rice co., Kans. Lodi Station, p. v. in Kane co.. 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 16i^ mis. W. of Geneva. Lodoniillo, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,W2. Lodore, p. o. in Amelia co., Va. Logan, new co. in Dak., central part ; lies on the Plateau du Cotcau du Missouri, and has a rolling prairie surface. It is drainetl by small creeks, tributaries of the Missouri. Logan, CO. in 111., central part. Area, (J20sq. mis. Pop. , 23,053 ; in 1860, 14,272. The surface is level ; the soil very fertile. Stone-coal is found in large quantities. Theco. is intersect- ed by Salt and Sugar Crs. The Chicago & Alton R. R. passes through it from N. E. to S. W. Lincoln is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 238,929 bush.; rye, 37,232 bush.; Indian-corn, 4,221,640 bush.; oats, LOGAN. 509 LONDON. 490,226 busli.; Irisli pot's, 130,015 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,157 bush.; butter, 482,755 lbs.; hay, 31,- 297 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,168,086. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,- 623,.501. V'alue of manufactures, $937,626. XiOg'an, p. o. in Bdjrar co.. 111. liOgan, tn in Peoria co.. 111. Pop., 1,065. liOg'an, tn. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 832. liOg'an, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. W. of Har- rison, Oliio. liOgan, tn. in Fountain co., Ind. Pop., 2,608. liOg'an, tn. in Pilve co., Ind. Pop., 921. IiOg;an, p. v. in Harrison co., Iowa, on tlie Clii- cago & Xorthwestern R. R., 10 mis. N. E. of Missouri Valley Junction. i\. flourishing town, in active trade with the surrounding agricultural section. One newspaper. liOg'an, tn. in Marshall co. , Iowa. Pop., 273. liOgan, CO. in Ky., S. S. W. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 20,429; in 1860, 19,0-21. The surface is diversified ; the soil fertile. It borders on Tenn. in the S. It is drained bj^ Terrapin and other Crs. The Memphis & Louisville R. R. passes through the center. Russellville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 255,049 bush.; rye, 924 bush.; Indian-corn, 931,- 666 bush.; oats, 143,9-27 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,036 busli.; sweet pot's, '23,937 liush.; tobacco, 2,707,- 571 lbs.; butter, 172,001 lbs.; hay, 2,560 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,084,554. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,697,441. Value of manufactures, $579,949. IiOgan, p. o. in Phillips co., Kans. liOgan, p. V. in Lawrence co.. Mo., on the At- lantic & Pacific R. R., 25 mis. S. AV. of Spring- field. liOg-an, tn. in Reynolds CO., Mo. Pop., 910. liOgan, tn. in Wayne co., Mo. Pop., 1,057. liOgan, p. V. in Dodge co., Nebr., 2^^ m^ls. N. of Hooper. IiOgran, p. o. in Schuyler co., N. Y. liOg'an, CO. in Ohio, W. central part. Area, 457 sq. mis. Pop., 23,0-28; in 1860, 20,996. It is in- tersected by the Miami R. and drained by numerous streams. The surface is rolling and tlie soil good. The railroads are the San- dusky & Cleveland and the Cincinnati. Belle- fontalne is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 544,030 bush.; rye, 3,483 busli.; In- Jian-corn, 803,782 bush.; oats, 1.59,630 bush.; Irish pot's, 56,333 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,533 bush.; Dutter, 452,813 lbs.; hay, 23,837 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,179,380. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,988,384. Value of manufac- tures, $1,001,987. liOg'an, tn. in Auglaize c6., Ohio. Pop., 900. ^liOg-an, p. V. and the co. seat of Hocking co., Ohio, on the Hocking R. and Canal, and the Columbus & Hocking Valley R. R., 50 mis. S. K. of Columbus and 26 mis. N. W. of Athens. Iron ore abounds in the vicinity. Pop., 1,827. Two newspapers. liOgan, tn. in Blair co.. Pa. Pop., 2,422. liO^an, tn. in Clinton co.. Pa. Pop., 8-23. liOgan, p. V. and the co. seat of Cache co., Utah Ter., -20 mis. N. £. of Corinne. Pop., 1,757. liOg-an, CO. in W. Va., S. W. part. Area, 825 sq. mis. Pop., 5,1-24 ; in 1860, 4,938. The Tug Pork of Sandy R. forms the S. W. boundarv and separates it from Ky. The Guyandotte R. in- tersects the CO. from S. S. E. to X. >r. W., in which direction its surface slopes gradually down toward the Ohio R. The soil is good and generally well timbered. Logan Court House, or Arrocoma, is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,984 bush.; rye,4'26 bush.; Indi- an-corn, 1'25,273 bush.; oats, 4,142 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,9.57 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,5'iB bush.; but- ter, 29,182 lbs.; hay, 178 tons. Cash value of farms, $355,009. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $143,462. Value of manufactures, $3,500. liOgan, tn. in Logan co., W. Va. Pop., 1,2'20. liOgan Conrt Honse, p. o. of the v. of Arro- coma in the above tn., and the cc. seat, on the Guyandotte R., 44 mis. from Kanawha Court House. Pop., 43. I.ogau CreeK, tn. in Dodge co., Nebr. Pop., LiOg:an 91ills, p. o. in Clinton co.. Pa. liOgan^bnrg', p. v. m Wabash co.. 111., on the Cairo & Vincennes R. R., 9 mis. S. W. of Mt. Carmel. IiOgan''s Creeli, p. o. of the v. of BaiTiesvillo in Reynokls co., Mo., 18 mis. from Annapolis. liOg-an's Ferry, p. o. in Alleghany co., Pa. JjOg'ansport, p. o. in Hamilton co.'. III. '^liOg'ansport, city and the co. seat of Cass co., Ind., on the Wabash R. and at the intersec- tion of the Toledo, Wabash & AVestern R. R., the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R. and the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 166 mis. S. S. W. of Toledo, 1.57 mis. W. of Decatur, 111., and 70 mis. N. by W. of Indianapolis. It lies in a very productive and populous farming district, and has much commerce, exporting grain, lumber and pork. The ^^ ater-power of the river is employed m manufactories. The extensive car works of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. give employment to over 600 laborers. Pop., 8,950; in 1800, 2,979. Five newspapers. TiOg-aiisport, p. o. in Butler co., Ky. liOg'ansport, p. v. in De Sola parish. La., on the Sabine R. and 38 mis. S. S. W. of Shreve- port. liOgan's Store, p. o. in Rutherford co., N. C. LiOg'ansville, p. o. in Jefferson co.. 111. liOg'anville, p. o. in Logan co., Ohio. liOg'anville, p. o. in York co.. Pa. liOganville, p. v. in Sauk co.. Wis., 9 mis. S. of Recdsburgh. liOg I'abin, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. liOg'gy Bayou, p. o. in Red River parish, La. liOg Town, p. o. in Ouachita parish, La. liOhinansville, p. o. in Washington co., Minn. liOla, tn. in Cherokee co., Kans. Pop., 650. liOina Pardo, p. o. in Mora co., N. Mex. Ter. liOniax, p. o. in Baker co., Ala. liOinax, p. V. in Henderson co.. III., near the Mississippi R. and on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 10 nils. S. E. of Burlington, Iowa. liombarcl, p. v. in Du Page co.. 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 25 mis. W. of Chicago. LiOmbardville, p. o. in Stark co.. 111. liOuibardville, p. o. in Sciota co.. 111. liOnibardy, p. o. in McDuftie co., Ga. liOiubardy Grove, p. o. in Mecklenburgh co., Yd. liOmira, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 1,90.5. liOnif ra, p. v. in the above tn., 17 mis. N. E. of Horicon. *l.onaconin^, p. v. in Alleghany co., Md., on the Cumberland & Pennsylvania R. R., 27 mis. by railroad S. W. of Cumberland. lionake, new co. in Ark., central part ; was formed of portions of Prairie and Pulaski cos. Cypress Bayou, an afliuent of White B., forms the northern boundary. The surface is undulating in the northern and low and level in the southern portions. Big Watersaw Bayou, Bayou jNIeto and Indian Baj'ou drain the CO. The soil is very rich. Kiondon, tn. in Fayette co.. 111. Pop., 1,186. LiOndon, p. v. in Shelby co., Ind., on the In- dianapolis, Cincinnati '& La Fayette R. R., 11 mis. N. W. of Shelbyville. liondon, p o. in Sumner co., Kans. liondon, p. v. and the co. seat of Laurel co., Ky., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 23 mis. S. W. of INIount Vernon. Pop., 165. liOudon, tn. ill Monroe co., Mich. Pop., 1,031. LONDON. 510 LONG ISLAND SOUND. liOndon, p. v. in Monroe Co., Midi., 15 mis. from Monroe. I>on<109i, tn. in Freeliom co., Minn. Pop., 311. Iiondon, p. o. in Atchison co.. Mo. liOndoii, p. o. in Nemaha co., Nebv. liOndoii, tn. in Merrimack co., N. H. Pop., 1,282. ♦loiidon, p. V. and the co. scat of Madison co., Ohio, on the Little Miami R. R., 24)4 mis. W. by S. of Columbns. It is a prosperous place, has 2,06G inhabitants and tliree newspapers. liOndoii, tn. in Seneca Co., Oliio. Pop., 3,133. liOndoii, p. V. in Mercer co., Pa., 7 mis. S. E. of Mercer. Iiondon, tn. in Kanawha co., W. Va. Pop., 2.7112. liOndoii, p. o. in Rusk co., Tex. liOndon Bridge, p. o. in Princess Anne co., Va. liOndon Britain, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., G(i3. liOndoiiderry, tn. in Rockingham co., K. H. Pop., 1,40.]. liOiidonderry , p. v. in the above tn., on the Manchester & Lawrence R. R., 6 mis. S. of Manchestei'. Ijondondcrry, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 1,313. liOiidonderry, p. v. in the above tn., 22^ mis. S. W. of Cadiz. liOiidonderry, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 714. liOiidonderry, p. o. in the above tn. liOiidonderry, tn. in Bedford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,25,}. liOndoiidcrry, tn. in Dauphin co., Pa. Pop., 1,95.5. liOiidonderry, tn. In Lebanon co.. Pa. Pop., 2 212. liOndoiiderry, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 1,252. liOiidonderry, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. of Chester. liOndoii Grove, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 1,S04. liOndon «rove, p. v. in the above tn.,l}^mle. N of Kennett's Square. liOne Cedar, p. o. in Siartin co., Minn. liOne Cedar, )). o. in Crawford CO., Mo. liOnc Cedar, p. o. in Jackson co., W. Va. liOne Elm, p. o. in Cooper co., Mo. liUue Elm, p. o. in Henderson co., Tenn. liOne Grove, p. o. in Jackson co., Ark. I^ne Jaek, p. v. in Jackson co.. Mo., 7 mis. from Pleasant Hill. liOne OaU, p. o. in Bates co.. Mo. liOiic Oali, tn. in Bates Co., Mo. Pop., 1,360. liOne Oak, p. o. in Hunt CO., Tex. liOnc Pine, p. o. in Inyo CO., Cal. iLoiie Pine, tn. in Humboldt co., Cal. Pop., 458. liOue Pine, p. o. in Washington co., Pa. liOiie Pine, p. o. in Bedford co., Va. liOiie Pine, p. o. in Portage co.. Wis. Ivonc Poplar, p. o. in Poijc co.. Ark. liOnu Bock. p. V. in Richland co.. Wis., near the Wisconsin R. and on the Chicago, Mil- wa-.jkee & Ot. Paul R. R., 9 nils. W. of Spring Grove. It lies in a dairying district and manu- factures much cheese. Pop. about 50 J. liOnc Star, p. o. in Butler co., Nebr. liOiie Star, p. v.in Titus CO., Tex.,18mjs. from Mount Pleasant. liOnc Tree, p. o. in Bureau co., 111. liOnc Tree, p. o. in Johnson co., Iowa. liOne Tree, v. in Lewis co.. Mo., on the Mis- sissiupi R. and on the Mississippi Valley & Western R. R., 5 mis. X. of West Quincy. *IiOiie Tree, p. v. and the co. seat ot Merrick CO., Nebr., on the Union Pacilie R. R., near Platte R. and 132 mis. W. of Omaha. A new and thriving place, and already quite a trade mart. One newspaper. liOiie Tree, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. liOne Tree, p. o. in Collin co., Tex. liOne Tree, p. o. in Tyler co., W. Va. liOne Tree liake, p. o. in Brown co., Minn. liOnc Valley, p. o. in Saunders co., Nebr liOne Well, p. o. in Union parish. La. T/ong', p. o. in Vermillion co.. 111. liOiig Bar, tn. in Yuba Co., Cal. Pop., 519. liOiig Bar, v. in the above tn. lioiig Bottom, p. V. in Meigs co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 24 mis. S. E. of Athens. liOng Branch, p. v, in Slonroeco., Mo., 15 mis. from Mexico. ^liOng Branch, p. v. in Monmouth CO., N. .J., on the sea-coast, 30 mis. from New York via. Sandy Hook ; 35 nils. via. Port Monmouth. A famous sea-side resort, within easy access of New York, Philadelphia, etc. It has fine large hotels, and in the vicinity are pleasant and attractive ]ilaces of intei-est. One newspaper. liOng Branch, tn. in Franklin co., Va. Pop., 1,S77. liOng Branch, p. o. in the above tn. liOng Cane, v. in Troup co., Ga., 8 mis. S. E. of La Grange, near the Chattahoochie R. Pop., .560. liOng Corner, p. o. in Howard co., Md. liOng Cotton, p. o. in Freestone co., Tex. liOiig Creek, tn. in Carroll co.. Ark. Pop., 4.52. Liong Creek, tn. in Boone co.. Ark. Pop., 211. liOng Creek, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., 1,372. liong Creek, tn. in Decatur co., Iowa. Pop., 714. liOng Creek, p. o. in the above tn. liOng Creek, p. o. in Mecklenburgh co., N. C. liOiig Bale, p. V. in AUegliany co., Va. LiOiig- Eddy, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., on the Delaware R., 10% mis. above Calicoon Depot. liOng Falls Creek, p. v. in McLean co., Ky., 15 mis. fromOwensborough. liOng Glade, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., 10 mis. from Staunton. liOng Green Academy, p. o. in Baltimore CO., Md. liOng Grove, p. v. in Lake co., 111., 10 mis. W. of Highland Park. liOiig Grove, p. v. in Scott co., Iowa, on the Davenport & St. Paul R. R., 16 mis. N. of Davenport. liOiig Grove, p. o. in Hardin co., Ky. liOiig Hill, p. o. in Fairfield CO., Conn. Eoiig Jllill, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. liOiig Island, forming a portion of the state of N. Y., and extending from 72° to 74° 2' W. long, a distance of 116 mis.; has an average breadth of 15 mis. It is separated from the state of Conn, by the Long Island Sound, and from N. Y. by the narrow strait known as the East R. Along the northern shore of the is- land there extends a chain of low and gen- crally well-MOoded hills; the southern partis low, level and sandy. The soil is mostly fer- tile and farming an"d fruit growing are large- ly carried on. The island is divided into Kings, Queens and Suffolk couMies. liOng Island, p. o. in Jackson co., Ala. liOiig Island, p. o. in Phillips Co., Ivans. Eoiig Island City, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., N. of Brooklvn, on the East R. and at the terminus of Long Island, Flushing & North Side R. Rs. Engaged in uiauufactures. Pop., 3,Si)7. Four newspa)iers. liOiig Island Sound separates li. I. from the states of Conn, and N. Y. It Is about 115 mis. long and from 2 to 25 mis. wide. Its western end, called the East R., forms a narrow strait, separating the cities of New Y'ork and Brook- lyn, and joining New York B. Some rocky ledges in the East R. prodi^ce a whirlpool, called Hell or Hurl-Gate, which prevents the passage of large ships. The work of removin" the rocks and thereby deepeniufr the channel has been commenced. When this improve- ment is finished, the largest ships may go to N. Y. through the Sound. LONG LAKE. 511 LORETTO. liOng: liake, in Antrim CO., Mich.; lies E. of Grand Traverse B. IiOiig' Ijake, p. o. in Madison co., 111. liOng ]Lake, tn. in Grand Traverse CO., Mich. Pop., 333. LiOiigr Liafce, p. v. in Hennepin co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Paciflc R. R., 27 mis. N. AV. of Minneapolis. Pop. about 500. liOng; Iiake, tn. in Watonwan co., Minn. Pop., 225. liOng I^ake, tn. in Hamilton co., N. Y. Pop., 280. JLiOng liakc, p. v. in the above tn. Lion^ l.ane, p. o. in Dallas co.. Mo. I^ong; Marsb, tn. in Clarke co., Va. Pop., 1,423. liOn^ Meadow, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 1.342. liOiig: Meadow, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 3^ mis. S. of Springfield. liOiig'tiiiire, p. o. in "Washington co., Tenn. ]jOiig'mlre''s Store, p. o. iii Edgefield district, s. c. liong'mont, v. in Boulder co., Colo. Ter., 30 mis. from Denver. A growing place with one newspaper. lions' Pine, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. IiOng' Plain, p. o. In Bristol co., Mass. liOng^ Point, tn. in Livingston co., 111. Pop., 970. liOUj^ Point, p. V. in the above tn., on the Chicago, Peliin & Southwestern R. R., 9 mis. S. of Streator. lions' Prairie, p. o. in Wayne co.. 111., 18 mis. S. W. of Fairfield. liOng Prairie, tn. In Todd co., Minn. Pop., 643. liOng: Prairie, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Long Prairie R., 23 mis. W. of Lit- tle Falls on the Mississippi R. liOng' Prairie, p. o. in Fayette co., Tex. liOng Prairie River, a tributary of the Crow Wing R., in Minn.; rises in Douglas co. and intersects Todd co., eniptj'in^ at the N. E. corner of this co. It drains Lake Charles, Osakis Lake and Lake Alexander. liOn^ Reach, p. v. in Tyler co., W. Va., on the Ohio K. liOng Ridge, p. o. in Fairfield co.. Conn. liOng: Ridg'e, p. o. in Washington co., ST. C. Iiongr Run, p. V. in .Jefferson co., Ky., on the Shelby K. R., 12 mis. from Shelby ville. lions' Run, p. o. in lacking co., Ohio. lions' Run, p. o. in Armstrong co., Pa. liOns Run Station, p. v. in Doddridge co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 20 mis. W. of Cku'ksburgh. liOns Savannah, p. o. in James co., Tenn. liOnS'S Mills, p. o. in Stone co.. Mo. l.ons''s Mills, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. liOng-'s Stand, p. o. in Crawford co., Pa. liOug' Street, p. o. in De Soto parish. La. liongstreet, p. o. in Montgomery co., Tex. liOng Swamp, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 2.910. liOns Swamp, p. o. in the above tn. liong' Tom, p. o. in Lane co., Oreg. ♦liOugton, p. V. in Howard Co., Kans., on Elk R and 31 nils. W. of Morehead. liOnstown, p. o. in Panola co.. Miss. liOng- Valley, tn. in Lassen co., Cal. Pop., 1.35. lions' Valley, p. o. in the above tn. liong View, tn. in Ashley co.. Ark. Pop., 432. liOng View, p. o. in the above tn. lions' View, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. liOiig'view, p. o. in St. James parish. La. liOnsvlew, p. V. in Upshur co., Tex., on the Texas Pacific R. R., (j(5 mis. from Shreveport, La. It is the N. E. terminus of the Interna- tional & Great Northern R. R.,and lies on the Sabine R. It is an important shipping point for a large and productive district. I liongvllle, p. o. in Plumas co., Cal. liOnswood, p. o. in Fayette co., Ind. liOns'wood, p. o. in Caddo parish. La. liongwood, p. V. in Isabella co., Mich. liOns'wood, p. V. in Pettis co.. Mo., 15 ttila, from Sedalia. liOngwood, p. o. in Rockbridge co., Va. liOngwood, p. o. In Clark co., vVis. liOngwood's, p. o. in Talbot co., Md. lionoke, tn. in Prairie co., Ark. Pop., 371. lionoke, p. v. in the above tn., on the Memphis & Little Rock R. R., 71 nils, from Madison and 23 mis. from Little Rock. Pop. about .500. ^liOnsdale, p. v. in Providence co., R. L, on the Providence & Woi'cester R. R., 8 mis. K. of Providence. *li00sootee, p. v. in Marion co., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 10]4 nils. E. of Wash- ington. It is a rapidly growing shipping point for wheat and other cereals. PoiJ., 1,760. One newspaper. liOokins'g'lass, p. o. in Douglas co., Oreg. liOOk Out, p. o. in Fayette co., W. Va. liOokout, station on the Union Paciflc R. R., in Laramie co., Wj'O. Ter., 33 mis. from Lara- mie. liOokont, Cape, in Yamhill co. , Oreg.,in34° 37' N. lat. and 76'^ 33' W. long. liOokout Mountain. (See Ala.) liOokout Mountain, p. v. in Hamilton co., Tenn. lioomis, p. o. in Isabella co., Mich. liOoney, tn. in Polk co.. Mo. Pop., 1,750. liOoney's €reek, p. o. in Marion co., Tenn. liOoney ville, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. liOosahatchie River, a tributary of Wolf R. in W. Tenn.; rises near the eastern border of Fayette co., and flowing W. through Shelby CO. joins Wolf R. near Memphis. liOose Creek, p. v. in Osage co., Mo., 16 mis. from .Jefferson City. liOoxahoina, p o. "in De Soto co.. Miss. liOramies, p. o in Shelby co., Ohio., in the V. of Berlin, on the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 11 mis. N. W. of Sidney. liOrain, p. o. in Nemaha co., Kans. liOrain, co. in Ohio, N. part. Area, 485 sq. mis. Pop., 30,308; in 1860, 29,744. This co. bor- ders on Lake Erie. It is watered bj' Black R. and its branches, also by Vermillion R. The surface is generally level and the soil clayey. Three railroad lines intersect the co. Elyria is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 207,518 bush.; rye, 5,662 bush.; In- dian-corn, 563,0<3 bush.; oats, 412,949 bush.; Irish pot's, 267,928 bush.; sweet pot's, 926 bush. ; butter, 1,148,946 lbs.; hay, 56,936 tons. Cash value of farms, $17,506,645. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $3,068,127. Value of manufactures, $1,690,170. liOraine, p. o. in Adams co,. 111., on the Chi- cago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. liOraine, tn. m Henry co.,"lll. Pop., 577. liOraine, tn. in Jeffersoi* co., N. Y. Pop., 1,377. liOran, tn. in Stephenson CO., HI. Pop., 1,200, liOran, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Shannon. liorance, tn. in Bollinger co.. Mo. Pop., 2,872. liOrane, p. o. in Whitlev co., Ind. liOrdstown, tn. Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 858. liOrdsto'wn, p. v. in the above tn., 5J^ mis. from ^Varren. liOrd's Valley, p. o. in Pike co., Pa. liOrdsville, p. v. in Nansemond co., Va. liOrdville, p. V. in Delaware co., N. Y'., on the Delaware R. and the New York & Erie R. K., 10 mis. S. S. E. of Hancock. liOrena, p. o. in Butler co., Kans. liOrena, p. o. in Lexington district, S. C, liOrentz Store, p. o. in Upshur co., W. Va. liOretto, p. V. in Marion co., Ky., on the Louis- LORETTO. 512 LOUISA. ville & Nashville R. R., 57 mis. from Louis- ville. Pop., 42. •liOretto, p. V. in Cambria co., Pa., near the Ebciisburg R. R., 6 mis. E. of Ebensburg. Ijoretto, p. V. in Essex CO., Va., 25 mis. E. S. E. of Fiedericksburg. Liorln^ir'; P- o. in P.eckcr CO., Minn. Kiorraiiie, p. v. in Jefferson CO., N. Y., 5% mis. S. E. of Adams. liOs Angeles, co. in Cal., S. W. part. Area about 2,125 sq. mis. Pop., 15,309. Its southern boundary is formed by the Pacific Ocean. The northern part is a barren, hot and sandy desert ; the southern part is traversed by the Coast Ranges, as the Sierra Santa Monita, Si- erra San Fernando, San Gabriel Range and others. These inclose beautiful valleys and plains, ■svhich comprise the best farm lands. The principal streams arc the San Gabriel R. and its tributary, the Los Angeles ; the Coy- ote R. and the lower coarse of the Santa An- na R. The warm but equable temperature and the rich soil render the southern part of the CO. one of the most attractive sections of the state. Hero the grape-vine of all varie- ties thrives luxuriantly. The orange, lemon, fig and other semi-tropical fruits grow to per- fection, while the facilities for irrigation en- able the farmer to raise heavy crops of wheat, barley, corn and all the vegetables. A rail- road connects the co. seat, Los Angeles, v/ith the sea-port of Wilmington on San Pedro B. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 12,210 bush.; rye, 7,408 bush.; Indian-corn, 4o4,8'J6 bush.; oats, 25.3 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,407 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,310 bush.; wool, 9u2,G031bs.: butter, 25,- 836 lbs.; hay, 11,249 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,245,885. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $939,8.59. Value of manufactures, $725,036. Aos Angeles,, tn. in the above co. Pop., 8,504. •liOS Ang'eles, city in the above co. and the CO. seat, on the Los Angeles R. and the Los Angeles & San Pedro R. R., 446 mis. S. S. E. of San Francisco. The city has beautiful sur- roundings, and there are large vineyards and groves of oranges, lemons, olives and other fruits. Pop., 5,614. Two newspajjers. liOsantville, p. v. in Randolph co., Ind., 13 mis. S. of Farmland. liOs Gatos, p. o. in Santa Clara co., Cal. liOsb's Mills, p. o. in Pottawattamie co., Iowa. Eiosli's Run, p. o. in Perry co., Pa. liOs Iiuceros, p. o. in Rio Arriba co., N. Mex. Ter. IjOS I^innas, p. v. in Valencia co., N. Mex. Ter., 22 mis. S. of Albuquerque. Pop., 598. liOS Sfietos, tn. in Los Angeles co., Cal. Pop.> 1,544. liOs Bfletos, p. o. in the above tn. liOs Pinos, p. o. in Saguache co., Colo. Ter. *IiOstant, p. v. in La Salle eo.. 111., on the Illi- nois Cenlral U. R., 13 mis. S. of La Salle. liOst Brancli, p. o. in Lincoln CO., Mo. liOst Camp, p. o. i^ Howell co.. Mo. liOst €reeU, tn. in Vigo co., Ind. Pop., 1,914. liOst CrecH, p. o. in Lincoln eo., Kans. liOst Creek, p. o. in lireathitt eo., Ky. liOst Creelt, tn. in Newton co.. Mo. Pop., 1,093. liOst Creek, tn. in Miami co., Ohio. Pop., 1,3G7. liOst Creek, p. o. in Union co., Tenn. liOst Creek, p. o. in Harrison co., W. Va. Iiost Creek, p. o. in Pierce co.. Wis. liOst Crove, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 119. IiOost Nation, p. o. in Clinton co., Iowa. l.,ost Kiver, tn. in Martin co., Ind. Pop., 899. liost Kiver, tn. in Hardy co., W. Va. Pop., 1,301. liOst River, p. o. in Hardy co., W. Va. l.iOst Run, ]i. o. in Breckinridge CO., Ky. LiOt, p. o. in Whitlev co., Ky. liOthrop, p. o. in 'VV'arren co., Iowa. liOtta, p. o. in Nodaway co., Mo. liottridgc, p. o. in Athens co., Ohio. liOttsburgh, tn. in Northumberland co., Va. Pop., 1,777. liOttsbnrgh, p. o. in the above tn. liOtt's Creek, p. v. in Humboldt CO., Iowa, 16 mis. from Algona. Pop., 291. liOtt's Creek, tn. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Pop., 709. liOttsville, p. V. in Warren co., Pa., 4M mis. S. S. E. of Bear Lake, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. liOtus, p. o. in J.ackson co., Fla. liOtus, p. V. in Union co., Ind., on the Cincin- nati & Louisville R. R., 3 mis. S. E. of Liberty. liOtville, p. o. in Fulton co., N. Y. lioudcn City, p. o. in Fayette co., 111. I..ou4. lioudoun, p. o. in Loudoun co., Va. liouditivillc, p. o. in AVhite CO., Ga. L.Ouella, 11. o. in Delaware eo.. Pa. Liougliborougli, p. o. in St. Francois CO., Mo liOuina, p. v. in Randolph CO., Ala., 29 ml9. from Cusseta on the Western It. R. liOuisa, CO. in Iowa, S. E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 12,877 ; in 1860, 10,370. The surface is generally level, falling off into rich valleys along the Mississippi R., which divides it from 111. The Iowa R. flows through the cen- tral part and empties into the MississippL LOUISA. 513 LOUISIANA. Wapello is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 221,171 bush.; rye, 18,.510 bush.; In- dian-corn, 931,263 bush.; oats, 169,452 bush.; Irish pot's, 74,788 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,068 bash.; wool, 51 ,425 lbs.; butter, 383,926 lbs.; haj% 25,880 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,721,425. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,855,863. Value of manufactures, $282,863. liOaisa, p. v. and the co. seat of Lawrence co., Ky., on the Big Sandy R. and 23 mis. S. E. of Grayson. Pop., 425. I oailsa, co. in Va., E. central part. Area about 460 sq. mis. Pop., 16,332; in 1860, 16,701. The Noi-thAnna R. and its trilnitary, Negro Cr., form the N. boundary of the co. The South Anna R. intersects and drains it. The surface is rolling and in some parts hilly. The soil was originally very productive, but has been worn out in many sections. The Chesapeake & Ohio R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W. Louisa Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 126,352 bush.; rye, 929 bush.; Indian-corn, 151,942 bush.; oats. 126,- 387 bush.; Irish pot's, 7.231 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,287 bush.; tobacco, 930,226 lbs.; butter, 75,914 lbs.; hay. 1,152 tons. Cash value of farms. $2,- 564,753. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc. , $624,693. Value of manufactures, .$300,221. IiOuisa Court Mouse, tn. in the above co. Pop., 2,.559. liOnisa Court House, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. scat, on tlie Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 62 mis. N. W. of Richmond. IiOuisburg:li, p. v. in Miami co., Kans., on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 40 mis. W. of Holden, Mo., and 14 mis. E. of Paola. liOnisbnrg'b, p. v. in Dallas co., Mo., 30 mis. from Lebanon. ♦liOuisburgh, p. v. and the co. seat of Frank- lin CO., N. C, on the Tar R., 10 mis. E. of Franklinton and 35 mis. K. E. of Raleigh. Pop., 7.i0. One newspaper. I.01JISIAXA is bounded on the S. by the Gulf of Mexico; on the N. by Ark. and Miss.; on the W. by Tex., and on the E. by Miss. Its total area is 41,346 sq. mis., or 26,461,440 acres. It includes the extensive delta of the Missis- sippi. Surface. — The state throughout is a low, allu- vial plain, in no part rising more than 200 feet above the sea level. The north-western and western counties are hilly, and better drained than the southern and eastern. These latter include extensive swamps and cane-brakes, often overflowed by the tides. Along the Mis- sissippi R. much of the soil is below the level of the stream during high water, and is pro- tected from inundation by levees or dykes of earth. The occasional yielding of one of these levees causes what is called a " crevasse," through which the water pours with great force, causing a widespread destruction of property. Rivers arid Lakes. — The chief river of La. is the Mississippi. This magnificent stream is navigable throughout its whole length in the state for the largest steamboats at all seasons of the year. It brings down vast quantities of earth in solution, which it deposits at its mouth, forniing a delta of rich soil. (See Mississippi B.) The Red R., also a large and navigable Btream, extends through the central and north- western part of the state, and forms an impor- tant avenue of inland commerce. The Washita, in the N., and the Calcasieu, in the S. are also rivers of considerable magnitude. Numerous lakes and lagoons are scattered over the state. The largest is Lake Ponchartrain, N. of the city of New Orleans, which has a navigable con- nection with the Gulf of Mexico, through Lake Borgne, and with Lake Maurepas on the W. These lakes are but expansions of the ^mite R., which rises la Miss, and empties into 33 Lake Maurepas. The Mississippi Delta also in- cludes a number of lakes, which are fed by the branches of the great river. Such are Grand Lake, an expansion of the Atchafalaya Bayou, Lake Washa, Lake Quitman and others. The Mermenteau Calcasieu and Sabine Rs. form each an extensive lake at no great distance from their mouths. The bed of the Red R. is obstructed by the "Great Raft," an accumula- tion of drift-wood, which causes the formation by the back-water of extensive lakes, as Lake Caddo and others. Lakes Bodeau, Bistineau, Black, Spanish, Jatt, and Catahoula are drained by tributaries of Red R. Climate. — The climate of La. is warm, but w.'^Jl colder Avinters and more variable than the re- gions in the same latitude on the Atlantic coast, 'The mean annual temperature of New Orleans is about 69° Fah.; the mean annu.al rain fall is 50 inches. Tlie greater part of the rain is in the spring and summer months. Owing to the dampness, the variability of the temperature, and the extent of low, undrained lands, the climate is an unhealthy one, especially for strangers. Yellow fever and miasmatic fevers are yearly visitors in many sections. The vegetation is luxuriant, oranges, sugar- cane, bananas, and other tropical productions being raised. Tlie cypress, cedar and yellow pine are among the principal trees. The lagoons abound in alligators, turtles and fish, while serpents, and insects are numerous in the swamps. The Popidaiion of the state was, in 1S10, 76,556; in 1820, 152,923 ; in 183 ), 21.5,739 ; ia 1840, 352,411 ; in 1850, 517,762 ; in 1860, 70^,002 and in 1870, 726,915. As La. was originally colonized by France, the inhabitants largely consist of descendants of the early French settlers, who have preserved their language and customs. Spaniards and descendants of Spaniards arc also numerous. The race division of the population, according to the last census reports, is as follows : Whites .362,065 ; colored persons, 364,210 ; Chinese, 71, and Indians 569. The latter are out of tribal rela- tions. According to their nativity, the inhabitants are thus divided : Born in the United States, 665,088 ; inclusive of 501.864 natives of the State ; born in foreign countries, 61,827. The latter, in 1870, comprised 714 British Americans, 18,933 Germans, 792 Englishmen, 17,068 Irishmen and 814 Scotchmen. The total population in 1870 Included 526,392 persons of ten years and more of age, and of these 256,452 were engaged in the various classes of useful occupations,"viz.: 141,467 in agricul- , ture, 65,347 in professional and personal services, 23,831 in trade and transportation, and 25,807 in manufactures and mechanical industries. Minerals.— The tertiarv formation, which oc- cupies two-fifths of the s'tate N. of a line from the junction of the Sabine and Neches Rs. to Hai-risonburgh, in Catahoula parish, contains iron, ochre, gypsum, marl and coal. The latter is however not of the best quality. The south- ern part of the state, including the Mississippi Delta, is composed of alluvium, brought down and deposited by the Mississippi and its tributa- taries. Beds of pure sulphur have been found, below these deposits. Agriculture.— The best soil of La. is that of the river bottoms, and may be considered inex- haustible. The higher portions consist of open, prairies, which are but moderately productive. Sugar and cotton are the great agricultural staples of the state. Of the former were pro- duced, in 1870, 80,706 hogsheads against 221,726 hogsheads in 1860 ; and of the latter 350,832, bales against 777,738 bales in 1860 ; thus showing a de- plorable decrease in the chief industry, due to the disastrous etTeets of the civil war and the consequent disorganization of society and the state. The other products, according to the census, were : 4,535,150 gallons of cane molasses ;. LOUISIANA. 514 LOUISVILLE. 9,905 bnsh. of wheat ; 7,596,628 bush, of Inclian- oorn ; 15,854,0121bs. of rice; 15,511 lbs. of tobacccr; 140,42.'!i lbs. of wool ; 67,695 bush, of Irish pot's ; 1,023,70() bush, of sweet pot's ; 322,405 lbs. of but- ter, and 8,776 tons of liav. The live stock had a value of $15,929,188, and comprised .59,7.38 horses, 61,338 mules and asses, 102.076 milch cows, 32,.596 working oxen, 200,589 other cattle. 118.002 sheep and 3.38,326 hoi;s. The cash value of farms was $(;8,21.5,421, and of all farm productions, including betterments and additions to stock, $.52,006,622. The farms Included 2,045,640 acres of improved land, 4,003,- 170 of woodland, and 977,007 of other unimproved land. The Manufactures of La. are unimportant and comprise biit a few articles. In 1870 there were 2,557 manufacturing establishments, with an in- vested capital of $18,313,974; employing 887 steam- engines of 24,924 horse-power, and 30,071 hands, receiving $4,.5y3,470 wages, and consuming $12,- 412,023 worth of raw materials. The total Talue of products was $24,161,'.K)5 ; but of this sum, $10,341,868 was for raw sugar, which in reality is an agricultural product. The sugar refined in the state had a vahie of but $643,085 ; the sawed lumber of $1,212,037, and the flour and meal of $726,287. Commerce. — La. has unequaled facilities for commercial intercourse. Bordering on an ac- cessible branch of the sea, and being traversed in several directions by the most magnificent navigable streams, this state is the natural out- let for the surjilus products of the great cen- tral plain of the continent— the Mississippi Valley — the most ex*ensive body of rich lands on the face of the globe. In addition to her unequaled water communications, she has a railroad sj'stem which will soon connect her principal cities with the states lying to the E, and to the W. In 1862 the mileage of her rail- roads was .335 ; in 1872, 539. Tlie New Orleans, Mobile & Texas R. 11. intersects the state from E. to W. The division from Mobile to New Orleans (140 mis.) is m working order, and the division from the latter city to Houston, Tex. (3;% mis.), in rapid progress of construction. Two branches of this road connect Vermillion- Vllle with Shreveport and Brashear City. The New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. R. is completed from New Orleans to Canton, Miss. (206 mis.), and the New Orleans, Baton Bouge & Vicksbnrg R. R. has been projected. La. has tAvo ports of entry : New Orleans and Teche, whose combined registered, enrolled and licensed vessels in 1871 numbered 2.55, with 61,365 tons. Forty-one of these vessels, with 20,718 tons, were steamers. The value of im- ports was $19,427,238, and of domestic exports, 193,953,081. Wealth, Taxation and Debt.— The assessed value of real estate, in 1870, was $101,343,376 : and of personal property, $62,028,514 ; but tne true value of both was estimated at .$323,125,666. The total, not national, taxation was $7,060,722, of which $2,671,693 were state taxes, $4,109,999 county taxes, and $279,030 city and town taxes. The total public debt had reached tlie enor- mous amount of $53,087,441, which included $25,-- 021,734 state indebtedness ; $1,326,635 of county indebtedness.and $26,739,072 of city and town in- debtedness.- In 1871 the state debt was estimat- ed at $30,244,752, being exceeded only by the debt of the wealthy state of N. Y. Education. — The number of school children in the state, in 1870, was 2,5.3,.353, according to the report of the State Superintendent of Public Bnucation ; but only 23,223 (less than 10 per. cent.) of these were enrolled pupils. There ■wore 230 public schools with 524 teachers, and 132 private schools with 203 teachers and 6,170 pupils. There were also 48 classical, technical and professional schools with 440 teachers and over 5,000 pupils. The Louisiana State Univer- sity, located at Baton Kouge, was organized in 1860, and had. In 1870, 185 students (here called cadets). Straight University, at New Orleans, is making steady progress and gives promise of extended usefulness in the future. Union Normal School, also at New Orleans, is sustain- ed by the ^Methotlists. The number of papers published in 1870, in La., was 92, which liad a circulation of Sl.ieiS. Seven of these were dailies and 75 weeklies. The " New Orleans Picayune," of New Orleans, has the largest influence and a circulation of 12,200. The "New Orleans Times," the "Bee." and the " Detitsche Zeitung" were the only other papei's whoso circulation exceeded 5,000, Oovernment.— "La, Salle, a French navigator, first ascendeil the Mississippi in 1682, and took possession of both banks under the Fiaine of Louisiana. The first permanent colonies were established in 1699 and 1700, and New Orleans wa3 founded in 1718. In 1803 the territory of which La. forms a part was sold to the United States tor the sum of $12,000,000, and in 1812 it was ad- mitted as a state into the Union. The Gover- nor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, Auditor, Treasurer, Superintendent of Educa- tion and Attorney-General are chosen for the term of four years. The Senate is composed of 36 members, who are elected for four years (one-half biennially). The House of Represen- tatives consists oflOl members. The constitu- tion provides that it shall not exceed 120 mem- bers and not be less than 90. Evei-y male person of the age of 21 years and upward,'born or natu- ralized in the United States, and a resident of the state one year next preceding an election and the last ten days within the parish in which he olTers to vote, shall be deemed an elector. The judicial power Is vested in a Supreme Court, Districts Courts, Parish Courts and Jus- tices of the Peace. The Supreme Court has ap- pellate jurisdiction only, and is composed of a Chief Justice anil four Associate Justices. The justices of this court are appointed by the Gov- ernor, with the advice and consent of the Sen- ate, for eight years. The Supreme Court holds its sessions at New Orleans from the first Mon- day of November to the end of Maj*. The state is divjded into twelve disti-icts, in each of which is one district court, except the district of New Orleans, which has seven. These courts have unlimited jurisdiction in criminal cases ; original jurisdiction in all cases in which the amount in dispute exceeds $500, and apnellate jurisdiction in cases in which the amount in dispute exceeds $100. La. is divided into the following ,55 parishes : Ascension, Assumption, Avoyelles, Bienville, Bossier, Caddo, Calcasieu, Caldwell, Canieron, Carroll, Catahoula, Claiborne, Concordia, De Soto, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, Frank- lin, Grant, Iberia, Iberville, Jackson, J(^fl"erson, La Fayette, La Fourche, Livingston, jNIadison, Morehouse, Natchitoches, Orleans, Ouachita, Plafiueniincs, Point Coupee, Rapides, Red Riv- er, Richland, Sabine, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. Helena, St. James, St. John Baptist, St. Landry, St. Martin, St. Mary, St. Tammany, Tangipahoa, Tensas, Terre Bonne, Union, Ver- million, Washington, Webster, "West Baton Rouge, West Feliciana and Winn. New Orleans is the state capital, and the other incorporated cities are Donaldsonvillc, Shreve- port and Baton Rouge. liOniNiana, tn. in Chicot co., Ark. Pop., 1,059. *IjOnislan», p. v. in Pike co.. Mo., on the Mis- sisippi R. and the Louisiana & Missouri River R. R., n\4 nils. N. E. of Bowling Green. It is an important commercial town. Pop., 3,63^. Three newspapers. T..onisville, p. o. in Barbour co., Ala. liOUisville, p. v. and the co. seat of Jefferson CO., Ga., on Rockv Comfort Cr. and 11 rala. from Bethany. Mart for a cotton-growing and agricultural neigh borhoo'l. Pop., Hat). LOUISVILLE. 515 LOVEJOY. liOnisTille, tn. in Clay co., 111. Pop., 1,200. *Iale, p. o. in Knox co., Ind. liOvely Sltonnt, p. o. in Montgomery co., Va. liOve's Mills, p. o. in Washington co., Va. liove's Station, p. o. in De Soto CO., Miss. liOvett, p. o. in Jennings Co., Ind. liOvett's, p. o. in Adams co.. Ohio. liOvett's Cirove, p. o. in Wood co., Ohio. Liovettsville, tn. in Loudoun co., Va. Pop., 3,0-20. lovettsville, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. E. of Harper's Ferry. Pop., 155. liOvevllle, p. o. in Centre co.. Pa. LiOTilla, p. V. in Monroe co., Iowa, 7 mis. N. W. of Albia. liOvilla, p. o. in Hamilton co., 111. L.ovin^ Creek, p. o. in Bedford co., Va. Lioving^ston, tn. in Nelson co., Va. Pop., 5,511. liOvingston, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 52 mis. S. W. of Gordonsville. Pop. about .50. The p. o. is Montreal. £.oving:ton, tn. in Moultrie co., 111. Pop., 1,588. IjOving:ton, p. v. in the above tn., at the inter- section of the Bloomington & Ohio River R. R. witli the Pari I & Decatur R. R. Iiovington, v. in Nelson co., Va., on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 31 mis. from Charlottesville. Pop. about 50. Tlie p. o. is Montreal. *liOwden, or lioudon, p. v. in Cedar co., Iowa, on the Cliicasro & Northwestern R. R., U]4 mis. W. of De VVitt. Pop., 486. IjOwder, p. o. in Sangamon co.. 111. liOWC, tn. in Moultrie co.. 111. Pop., 786. liowe, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. liOn'ell, v. in La Salle co., 111., on the Vermil- lion U., 13 mis. S. W. of Ottawa. X0, 36,827, and in 1870, 40,928 ; of whom 26,493 were natives of the United States, and 14,435 for- eigners ; including 3,037 natives of British America (mostly French Canadians), 9.103 of Ireland, 1,097 of England and 469 of Scotland. Eight newspapers are published in the city. I^owell, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 3,086. IiOivell, p. V. in the above tn., at the junction of Grand & Flat Rs. and on the Detroit & Mil- waukee R. R., 15 mis. ^Y. of Ionia. Pop., 1,503. One newspaper. I.iOwell, p. o. in Kearney co., Nebr. liOwell, p. V. in Oneida co , N. Y., 6 mis. S. of Rome. Pop., 171. iLowell, p. V. in Washington co., Ohio, on the Muskingum R., 10 mis. above Marietta. liOwell, tn. in Orleans co., Vt. Pop., 942. Liowell, p. V. in the above tn., 14 mis. from Barton's Landing. liOwell, p. o. in Snohomish co.,Wash. Ter. I.owell, p. o. in Summers co., Sv. Va. liOwell, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 2.415. L.OWC11, p. V. in the above tn., 2]^ mis. N. by E. of Reeseville, on the Beaver Dam R., 9 mis. S. of Beaver Dana and on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. It has Jiumerous lumber mills, the river affording extensive water-power. Pop. about 1,.500. liOwell Mills, p. o, in Bartholomew co., Ind. ^liowellvllle, p. V. in Mahoning co., Ohio, on the Mahoning Branch of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 7 mis. S. E. of Youngs- town. Pop., 722. liOwer, tn. in Franklin CO., Ark. Pop., 960. liOwer, tn. in Cape May co., N. J. Pop., 1,783. LiOwer Allen, tn. in Cumberland co., Pa. Poji., 1,3»!. liOwcr Alloway's Creek, tn. in Salem co., N. J. Pop., 1,483. LiOwer Augusta, tn. in Northumberland co., Pa. Pop., 1,802. I.iOwer Bank, p. o. in Burlington co., N. J. l.ower Bartlctt, p. o. in Carroll co., N. II. J^ower Bern, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. LiOwer Boise, p. o. in Ada co., Idaho. I^ower Cabot, p. o. in Washington co., Yt. Lower Chanceford, tn. in York co., Pa. Pop., 2,306. Lower Chichester, tn. in Delaware co., Pa. Pop , 1,129. Lower Cowlitz, p. o. In Cowlitz co., Wash. Tor. Lower Gilmanton,p. o. in Belknap co., N. H. Lower Heidelberg^, tn. in Berks co., Pa. Pop., 2.4SO. Lower Heidelberg, p. o. in the above tn. Lower Larave, tn. in Veil co.. Ark. Pop., 457. Lower Lake, p. v. and the co. seat of Lake co., Cal., at the S. E. extremity of Clear Lake, 23 mis. N. of Callistoga. Pop., 692. Lower Lynxville, p. v. in Crawford cc, AVis., on the Mississippi R., 10 mis. below Fer- ryville. Lower Macopln, p. o. in Passaic co., N. J. Lower Macungy, tn. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Pop^ 3,6(i5. Lower Mahantango, tn. in Schuylkill co., Pa. LOWER MAHANOY. 517 LUANA. lower Mabanoy , tn. in Northumberland co., Pa. Pop.. 1,760. liOwer Makefleld, tn. in Berks co., Pa. Pop., 2,066. liOwer 3IairIborong:Ii, p, o, in Calvert co., Md. Liower SCerlon, tn. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pop., 4,SS6. liOwer Merlon, p. o. in the above tn. liOwer Milford, tn. in Lehigh co., Pa. Pop., I,.o05. liOwer Mount Bethel, tn. in Northampton CO., Pa. Pop., 3,641. LiOwer Nazaretb, tn. in Northampton co.. Pa. Pop., 1,086. liOwer Newport, P.O. in Washington co., Ohio. liOwer Oxford, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1.419. IiOwer Peach Tree, p. o. in Wilcox co., Ala. LiOwer Providence, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop., l,57-2. lower Providence, p. v. in the above tn., near a branch K. R., 6 nils. N. of Pawling. Iiower Salem, p. v. in Washington co., Ohio, 14 mis. N. of Marietta. XiOwer Salford, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop., 1,645. liOwer Saucou, tn. in Northampton co., Pa. Pop., 4,991. liOwer Saueon, p. o. in the above tn. liower St. €Iair, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 5,3*2. Liower Sious: Ag'cncy, p. o. in Redwood co., Minn. JLower Sqnauhnnii, p. o. in Monmouth co., N.J. liOwer Swatara, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,290. liOwer Tawamensing', tn. in Carbon co.. Pa. Pop., I,;i59. lower Three Rnns, p. o. in Barnwell dis- trict, S. C. lower Tnrkeyfoot, tn. in Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., 1,'264. lower Uwchland, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 794. lower Valley, p. o. in Hunterdon co., N. J. lower Watcrford, p. v. in Caledonia co., Vt., on the Connecticut R., 11 mis. S. E. of St. Johnsbury. lower Windsor, tn. in York co., Pa. Pop., 2,429. lowe's Cross Roads, p. o. in Sussex co., Del. lowe.«», p. o. in Graves co , Ky. low Oap, p. o. in Surrey co., N. C. lowhill, tn. in Lehigh CO., Pa. Pop., 997. lowhill, p. o. in the above tn. lOYvnian, p. o. in Chemung co., N. T. lowniansville, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ky. low Moor, p. V. in Clinton co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R.. 9 mis. E. of De Witt. Pop. about 200. lonrudes, co. in Ala., S. central part. Area about S50sq. mis. Pop., 25,719; in 1S60, 27,716. The Alabama R. forms the northern bound- ary, and receives the Big Swamp Cr., Dry Cedar Cr., Manucks Cr. and Pinchoma Cr. The surface is rolling and the soil fertile. The CO. is intersected by the Alabama & Mis- sippi R. R. and the Alabama & Florida R. R. Hayneville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,787 bush.; Indian-corn, 453,- 187 bush.; oats, 10,901 bush.; Irish pot's, 1.6S9 buah.; sweet pot's, 23,225 bush.; cotton, 18,369 uales ; butter, 55,517 lbs.; hav, 148 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,271,911. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $2,176,738. Value of manu- factures, $163,183. lowndcs, CO. in Ga., S. part. Area, 375 sq. mis. Pop., 8,321 ; in 1860, 5,249. The Withlacooche R. forms the western boundary, the Allapaha R. part of the eastern. The surface is low and level. The soil of the pine forests is unproduc- tive,but the so-called hummock lands are very feitile. The Atlantic & Gulf K. R. intersects the CO. Valdosta is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 16 bush.; rye, 323 bush.; Indian-corn, 166,570 mis.; oats, 47,373 bush.; Irish pot's, 889 bush.; sweet pot's, 37,- 258 bush.; cotton, 2,799 bales; rice, 34,920 lbs. butter, 21,212 lbs. Cash value of farms, $842, 93.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $581,034. Value of manufactures, $63,760. lowndes, co. in Miss., E. part. Area about 520 sq. mis. Pop., 30,502; in 1860, 23,625. It borders on Ala., has an undulating surface, with a productive soil, and is drained by the Tombigbee R. Tlie Mobile & Ohio R. R. pass- es through it from N. to S. Columbus is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 12,407 bush.; Indian-corn, 429,280 bush.; oats, 11,812 bush.; Irish pot's, 151 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,081 bush.; cotton, 16,073 bales ; butter, 1,575 lbs.; hay, 250 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,079,973. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,014,219. Value of manufactures, $412,097. lowndes, p. o. in Wayne co., Mo. lowndesborongh, p. v. in Lowndes CO., Ala., 6 mis. from Lowndesborough Station. lowndesborough Station, v. in Lowndes CO., Ala., on the Alabama R. and the Selma Division of the Western R. R., 19 mis. W. of Montgomery. lowndes vi lie, p. v. in Abbeville district, S. C, 13 nils, from Abbeville. lowndesville, v. in Chester district, S. C, on the Kings Mountain R. R., 8 mis. N. of Ches- terville. low Point, p. o. in Woodford co., 111. lowry, 11. V. in Bedford co., Va., on the Atlan- tic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 19 mis. W. of Lynchburgh. lowry €ity, p. o. in St. Clair co., Mo. lowry's, V. in Knox co., 111., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. * lowry's, V. in Barnwell district, S. C, on the South Carolina R. R., 14 mis. W. of Branch- ville. The p. o. is Bamberg. lowryville, p. o. in Chester district, S. C. lowville,tn. in Lewis co., N. Y. Pop., 2,805. *lowville, p. V. in the above tn. and tlie co. seat, near the Black R. and the Black River Canal, and on the Utica & Black River R. R., 9 mis. N. of Utica and 16 mis. S. of Carthage. Enjoys a large trade in dairy products. Two newspapers. lowvllle, p. o. in Erie co.. Pa. lowvllle, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 879. lowville, p. o. in the above tn. low Wassie, p. o. in Oregon co.. Mo. loxa, p. o. of Stockton, in Coles co.. 111., on the St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute K. R., 6 mis. E. of Mattoon. loyal, p. o. in Carroll co., Ga. loyal, tn. in Clark co., Wis. Pop., 543. loyal, p. o. in the above tn. loyalhanna, tn. in Westmoreland co., Pa. Pop., 813. loyal Oak, p. o. in Summit co., Ohio. loyalsock, tn. in Lycoming CO., Pa. Pop., 1,475. loyalsock, p. o. in the above tn. loyalsock Creek, a small tributary of the West Branch of the Susquehanna R., in Sulli- van and Lycoming cos., Pa. It has a south- westerly course. loyalton, p. v. in Sierra co., Cal., 36 mis. N. E. of Downieville. loyal Valley, p. q. in Mason co., Tex. loyd, p. o. in IJlster co., H. Y. loyd, p. o. in Richland co., AVis. loydsville, p. v. in Belmont CO., Ohio, 6}A mis. W. of St. Clairsville. Pop., 423. loydsville, p. v. in Perry co.. Pa. luana, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, on the Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R., 19 mis. from JIc- Gregor. Pop. about 200. LUBEC. 518 LUNENBUEGH. I^nbec, tn. in TTashlngton CO., Me. Pop., 2,136. *IinbeCj p. V. in the above tn., on a small pen- insula W. of Eastport, with which it is con- nected by a ferry boat. It is 230 mis. N. E. of Portland. liUbcck, tn. in Wood co., W. Va. Pop. 2,009. liiibeck, p. V in the above tn., 3 mis. from Parkersburg. Iarts overgrown with forests. The soil is fine. The Wabash & Erie Canal and the railroads centering at Toledo intersect the co. Toledo is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 120,895 bush.; rye, 2,755 bush.; Indian-corn, 242,- .W2bush.; oats, 135,157 bush.; Irish pot's, 200,- 052 bush.; sweet pot's, 166 bush.; butter, 314,533 lbs.; hay, 24,319 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,620,342. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,126,254. Value of manufactures, $5,889,- 182. liUcas, p. V. in Richland co., Ohio, on the Pitts- burgh, Port Wayne & Chicago R. R., 7 mis. S. E. of Mansfield. Pop., 312. I>ncas, tn. in Dunn co.. Wis. Pop., 317. l.nca<«, p. o. in the above tn. liiicasville, p. v. in Scioto co., Ohio, on tbe Scioto R., W^ mis. N. of Portsmouth. liUCC, tn. m Spencer co., Ind. Pop., 2,381 I^ucerne, v. in Wajne co., Iowa. liuceriie, p. o. in Knox co., Ohio. liUcesco, p. V. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., at the iunction of the Alleghany and Kiskimini- tas lis., and at the intersection of the West- ern Pennsylvana R. R. with the Alleghany R. R., 29 mis. X. W. of Pittsburgh. Iiiicicvllle, p. o. in Saline co., Nebr. JiUcinda Furnace, p. o. in Clarion co., Pa. L.Hck, tn. in Polk co.. Wis. Pop., 68. JLnck, p. o. in the above tn. l.uda, p. o. in Ouachita co., Avk. l.u(la, p. o. in Ogle co.. 111. *=I>U4liugton, p. V. in Mason co., Micb., on Lake Michigan, 2>^ mis. S. of Lmcolu. Has lumber trade. One newspaper. 1.11(1 in$;tonville, p. o. in Putnam co., X. Y. liUdlow, tn. in Champaign co., 111. Pop., 920. l.ndiow, v>. V. in Champaign co., 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 5>^ mis. S. of Paxton. liUdloiT, p. o. in Dubois co., Ind. l.iidlow, tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,038. liUdlow, p. V. in the above tn., 11 mis. from Postville. J^iiidlow, p. v. in Kenton co., Ky., 2]^ mis. from Co\ington. liUdlow, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop., 371. liiidlow. In. iu Hampden co., Mass, Pop., 1,130. Iiudlow, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., on Chico- pee R., 9 mis. X. E. of Springfield. I^udlow, p. o. in Scott co.. Miss. luudlow, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop., 1,082. I^udlow, p. o. in McKean co.. Pa. Lndlow, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 1,827. *LiUdlow, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ver- mont Central R. R., 70 mis. S. of MontpeUer. Has manufactories of cloths and other ar- ticles. One newspaper. Xiudlow CJrove, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R. l.udlowville, p. v. in Tompkins co., X. Y., on Cayuga Lake, 9 mis. X. of Ithaca. Pop., 376. Iiiidvillc, p. o. in Pickens co., Ga. Liudwick, borough in Westmoreland co., Pa. Pop,, 533, I^iikl'ata, p. o. in Choctaw co., Ind. Ter. liUkiu, tn. in Lawrence co., 111. Pop., 1,755. liiila, p. o. in Montgomery co., 111. IiUlaton, p. o. in W ajne co., Ca. lainiber, tn. in Cameron co.. Pa. Pop., 674. liuniber City, p. v. in Telfair co., Ga., on the Ocmulgee R. and the Macon & Brunswick U. R., 57 mis. S. E. of Cochran. liiiinber City, p. v. in Clearfield co.. Pa., 6 nils. S. W. of Carversville and on the Susque- hanna R. Pop., 230. liUniberlaud, tn. in Sullivan co., X. Y. Pop., 1,065. Liuinberland, p. o. in the above tn. Liiiiiiberniaii, p. o. in Clark co., AVis. Xuiiiberport, p. v. in Harrison co., W. Va., 10 mis. from Clarksbuigh. Liuinbcrton, tn. in Burlington co., X. J. Pop., 1,718. I^umberton, p. v. in the above tn., on the South Branch of Rancocus Cr., 3 mis. S. of Mt. Holly. liiiinberton, p. v. and the co. seat of Robeson CO., X. C, on the Lumber R. and the Carolina Central R. R., 68 mis. W. X. W. of Wilming- ton. Has as active trade in turpentine and lumber. Pop., 615. One newspaper. L.ninberton, p. o. in Clinton co., Ohio. Ijuniberville, p. o. in Delaware co., X. Y. LiUinberville, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Delaware R., 8 mis. X. W. of Xew Hope. Ijunimlsville, p. o. in Wayne co., X. Y, Liiiiupkin, CO. in Ga., X. part. Area about 230 sq. mis. Pop., 5,161 ; in 1860, 4,626. The Blue Ridge forms the X. W. boundary, and its slopes and foot hills fill a large portion of the CO. The Chestatee R., a tributary of tlio Chattahoochee, rises in the Blue Ridge and receives several tributaries. The soil of the river valleys is very productive. The co. abounds in mineral treasures, as gold, cop- per, iron, etc. Dablonega is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8,911 bush.; rye, 2,640 bush.; Indian-corn, 82,013 bush.; oats, 8,828 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,693 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,620 bush.; butter, 39,072 lbs.; hay, 10 tons. Cash value of farms, $304,825. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $188,527. Value of manufactures, $49,706. liUmpkin, p. v. and the co. seat of Stewart CO., Ga., near the source of Hodchotkee Cr., 22 mis. X. of Cuthbert. It is surrounded by a mineral region. Pop., 778. One newspaper, LiUiia liandiiig, p. v. in Chicot co.. Ark., on the Mississippi R„ 13 mis. S. of Eunice. liundy's L.ane, p. v. in Erie co.. Pa., 2 mis, E. of Albion. liiinenburgli, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,121. Linnenburg'b, p. v. in the above tn., on the Eitchburg R. R., 5 mis. X. of Leominster. Liunenburgb, co. in Va., S. part. Area about 380 sq. mis. Pop., 10,403 ; in 1860, 11,983. The Xottoway R. forms the northern boundary, the Meherrin R. partly the southern. The latter stream rises iu the western part of the LUNENBURGH. 519 LYNCH. CO. The surface is undulating knd the soil but moderately productive, Lunenburgh Court House is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 38,529 bush.; Indian- corn, 107,17-1: bush.; oats, 77,394 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,936 bush.; s^^eet pot's, 4.210 bush.; to- bacco, 983,673 lbs.; butter, 33,667 lbs.; hav, 112 tons. Casli value of farms, $891,238. total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $370,871. Value of manufactures, $82,683. I^nneiibiir^ti, tn. in Essex co., Vt. Pop., 999. *LiUiieiiburgh, p. v. in the above tn., near tlie Connecticut 11., 23}^ mis. li. of St. Johns- bury. liniienbar^It Conrt Ilonse, or L.ewiston, p. V. and the co. seat of Lunenburgh co., Va., 131^ mis. from Keysville and 91 mis. S. W. of Richmond. Xuney's Creek, p. v. in Grant co., W. Va., 44 mis. S. W. of New Creek. Xiiiiii, p. o. in AVright co., Iowa. liura, p. o. in Russell co., Kans. liUra, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 403. JLura, tn. in Faribault co., Mhin. Pop., 621. liUray, p. o. in Henry co., Ind. liuray. v. in Clarke co.. Mo., on the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska R. R., 10 mis. W. of Kahoka. Pop. about 400. liUray, tn. in Page co., Va. Pop., 2,144. liUray, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, in tlie Shenandoah Valley, W. of the Blue Ridge, 22 mis. S. S. W. of f'ront Royal. Pop. about .500. One newspaper. liUrg'an, tn. in Franklin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,326. I,nsby's Mill, p. o. in Owen co., Ky. liusk, p. o. in Pope co.. 111. liUsk's Spring:^, p. o. in Parke co., Ind. liiitesTllle, p. o. in Bollinger co., Mo. liUther, p. o. in AVarren co., Ga. liUtlier, p. o. in Franklin co., Mo. I^utbersbiirgb, p. v. in Cleartield co., Pa., 19 mis. W. of Clearfield. Iiutber's 9Iills, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. liUttaevsville, p. o. in Meriwether co., Ga. Xnttaerville, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md.. on the Northern Central R. R., 12 mis. N. of Bal- timore. Pop., 382. I^ntzton, p. o. in Nodaway co., Mo. l.nverne, p. o. in Rock co., Minn. liUxemburgph, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 237. Iiuxemburg'ta, p. o. in the above tn. liuzerne, p. v. in Benton co., Iowa, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 5 mis. W. of Blairstown. Pop., 144. liUzerne, tn. in Warren co., N. Y. Pop., 1,174. liazernc, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hud- son R., opposite the mouth of the Sacon- daga R., 20 mis. N. of Saratoga Springs by the Adirondack R. R. SiUzerne, co. in Pa., N. E. part. Pop., 160,755 ; in 18t)0, 90,244. The Alleghany Mts. occupj^ the northern part and the Nescopeck Mts., with many subordinate ranges, the southern. Through the center of the co. there extends a system of parallel ridges, M'hich include the Valley of Wyoming, famous for its charming scenerj- and its immense wealth in anthracite coal deposits. The most south-easterly of these ridges is called in the W. the Wyoming Mts., on the N. E. the Moosic Mts., and the most northerly bear the local names of Knob Mts., Shickshinny Mt., Shawney Range, Capous Range and Lackawanna Range. Tbe Wyoming Valley, with its continuation, the Lackawanna V^alley, forms an elliptical basin of about 60 mis. in length, and bordered all around by picturesque mountains 1,000 feet above its bottom. Wilkesbarre is the co. seat. Agi'. productions in 1870: Wheat, 104,- 297 bush.; rye, 115,339 hush.; oats, 475,988 bush.; Indian-corn, 368,537 bush.; Irish pot's, 573,322 bush.; sweet pot's, 12 bush.; butter, 1,068,565 lbs.; hay, 58,145 tons. Cash value of farms, $21,565,724. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions. Including additions to stock, etc., $3,224,040. Principal products of indus- try: Freight and passenger cars, $799,060; flour, $1,3.50,438 ; gunpowder, $642,907; forged and rolled iron, $2,258,500 ; pig iron, $1,302,000 tanned leather, $1,105,424 ; sawed lumber, $1, 460,987, and machinery, $1,307,320. Total value of manufactures, $17,493,463. The coal mines yielded, in 1870, 9,519,298 tons of anthracite coal, of $22,325,591 in value. liUzerne, tn. in Fayette co.. Pa. Pop., 1,807. liUzerne, p. v. in Luzerne co.. Pa, on the Sus- quehanna R. and the Lackawanna & Bloom.s- burg R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Hyde Park. liycippiis, p. o. in Westmoreland co., Pa. liycurgiis, p. o. in AUanvakee co., Iowa. liycoiuing, co. in Pu., N. central part. Pop. 47,626; in 1860,37,399. The Alleghany Mts. in- tersect the CO. from W. to E., forming a broad belt of rolling higlilancls with a precipitous slope into the valley of the Susquehanna R. The Bald Eagle Mts." extend along the south- ern bank of this stream, which receives the following tributaries : Pine Cr., Lycoming Cr., Loyalsock Cr., Muney Cr., Little Muncy Cr. and White Deer Hole Cr. Agriculture and lumbering are the principal occupations. Willianasport is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 272,668 bush.; rye, 39,820 bush.; oats, 470,619 bush.; Indian-corn, 535,158 bush.; Irish pot's, 193,425 bush.; sweet pot's, 30 bush.; butter, 429,500 lbs.; hay, 28,738 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,212,366. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,966,770. Total value of manufactures, $9,081,406, inclusive of $.5,173,790 for sawed lumber. Iiy coming, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 642. liydia, p. o. in Scott co,, Minn. Liydia, p. o. in Darlington district, S. C. liykeiis, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,246. *£yliens, p. v. in the above tn., at the foot of Bear Mts. and on Wiconisco Cr,; is connected b5' tlie Lykens Valley R. R. with Millersburg on the SusquehannaR., 15 mis. to the AV. Has large trade with the Lykens Valley coal re- gion. One newspaper. I>yklns, tn. in Crawford CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,140. tyle, tn. in Mower co., Minn. Pop., 480. L.y Ic, p. V. in the above tn.. on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 28 mis. N. W. of Mason city, Iowa. Pop. about 100. I-yles, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. liylesl'ord, p. o. in Fairfield district, S. C. Liyinaii, p. o. in Pope co.. Ark. Liyman, new co., in Dak., S. pai't, is bounded on the N. and E. by the Missouri R., and in- tersected by White R., American Crow Cr. and Medicine R., tributaries of the Blissouri. The bottoms along the streams contain much excellent land. layman, tn. in Ford co.. 111. Pop., 740. Liyniaii, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 1,052. layman, p. o. in the above tn. l.yiiiaii, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 658. layman, p. v. in the above tn., 4>^ mis. N. of Lisbon. liynian Center, v. in York co., Me., 25 mis. S. W^ of Portland. liyme, tn. in New London co., Conn. Pop., 1,181. Liyine, p. v. in the above tn., near the mouth of the Connecticut R. and on the New Haven & New London R. R., 34 mis. E. of New Haven. I,yine, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 1,358. *IiyMie, p. V. in the above tn., near the Connec- ticut R., 15 mis. N. N. E. of vVhite River Junc- tion, Vt.; contains an academy and several manufactories. liynie, tn. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Pop.. 2,465. L.yine, tn. in Huron co., Ohio. Pop., 2,380. L.ynie Center, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. Lyncta, tn. in Texas co., Mo. Pop., 522, liyuch, p. o. in Kent co., Md, LYXCHBURGH. 520 LYON. /.ynohl>nrgh, v. in Butte co., Cal., near Feather R., '25 mis. N. of Maiysville. liT iiolibnrgh, p. v. in Jefferson co.,Ill., 8 mis. S. E. of Mount Vernon. Iiynolibiirs:h, tn. in Mason co., 111. Pop., 804. tyiichburgrh, p. v. in Highland co., Ohio, on tlie Hill^ljorough Branch of the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., II mis. E. of Blanchester and 10 nils. AY. of Hillsborough. Pop., 476. I^ynohbnrirh, p. v. in Sumter district, S. C, on the Wilmington & Weldon R. R., 21 mis. S. W. of Florence. It li(!S on Lynches Cr. Iiynohbur;rh, p. v. in Lincoln co., Tenn., 13 mis. from Tullahoma. One ne\vspaper. liyiiclibursrh, p. v. in Harris co., Tex. *L.ynchbur}fli, city, in Campl)ell co., Va., on the James R. and at the Junction of the South Side Division of the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R. with the Virginia & Tennessee Division, 1-23 nils. W. of Petersburgh. The James River and Kanawha Canal connects it ■with Richmond, a distance of 147 mis. Lyneh- burgh is the shipping point for an extensive and fertile district and exports large quanti- ties of tobacco and wheat. It has numerous tobacco manufactories, cotton mills, flouring mills, brass and iron foundries, etc. Pop., (;.''-2.-); in isno, G.S!,53. Nine newspapers. I^ynches Creek, tributary of the Great Pedee R. in 8. C; rises in X. C. and flowing S. sepa- rates Chesterfield, Darlington & Marion dis- trict, S. C, from Lancaster, Kershaw, Sumter, Clarendon and Williamsburgh districts. I^ynch's Creek, p. v. in Marion district, S. C, tl mis. S. of Mars Bluff. liynch's I^ake, v. in Williamsburg district, S. C, at Oraham's Station on the Xbrtheastern R. R., '23 mis. S. of Florence. I/yiiehwoocl, p. o. in Kershaw district, S. C, •20 mis. from Camden. Iiynd, p. o. in McPhail co., Minn. liynd, tn. in Redwood co., Minn. Pop., 268. L.yiisic R. and the Connecticut & Passumsic Rivers 11. R., 8 mis. X^. of St. Johns- bur v. liynh, tn. in Henry CO., 111. Pop.. 1,119. liynn, tn. in Knox co., 111. Pop., 90(). liynn, tn. in Woodford co., 111. Pop., 800. liynn, p. v. in Randolph co., Ind., on the Cin. cinnati, Richmond & Fort Wayne B. R., 9 mis. S. of Winchester. liynn, tn. in Posey co., Ind. Pop., 1,666. liynn, tn. in "Warren co.,Iowa. Pop., 1,020. Liynn, v. in the above tn., near the North R., 14 mis. S. S. W. of Des Moines. liynn, p. o. in Greenup co., Ky. *Iiynn, city and sea-port in Essex co., Mass., on the Eastern R. R., 9 mis. X. E. of Boston, and on the X. E. coast of Massachusetts B. It has an academy and other excellent educa- tional institutions. The manufacture of la- dies' shoes gives occupation to nearlv 20,000 operatives in over 150 factories. Tliere are besides manufactories of leather, morocco, prints, machinery, etc. The vicinity of Lynn 15 famous for beautiful sea-coast scenery. Pop., 28,233 ; in 1800, 19,083 ; in 1850, 14,257 ; in 1840, 9,307, and in 18;i0, 6,138. Four newspapers. Liynn, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 539. Liynn, p. o. in tlie above tn. Liynn, tn. in McLeod Co., Minn. Pop., 243. Lynn, tn. in Cedar co., Mo. Poji., 2,670. Lynn, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 457. Lynn, p. o. in Susquehanna CO., Pa. Lynn, tn. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Pop., 2.375. Lynn, tn. in Clark co., Wis. Pop., 108. Liynn, p. o. in the above tn. Lij'nn Camp, p. o. in Knox co., Kj-. Lynn Camp, p. o. in Marshall co., W. Va, Liynn Centre, p. v. in Henry co.. 111. Lynn Creek, p. o. in Shawnee co., Kans. Liynne, p. o. in Weber co., Utah Ter. Lynnfield, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 818. Lynntield, p. v. in the above tn.; is the ter- minus of the South Reading Branch of the Eastern Massachusetts R. R. liynnfield Centre, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., on the Boston & Maine R. R., uy^ mis. N. of Boston. Li.ynn Grove, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 1,342. Liynnport, p. o. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Lynnville, tn. in Morgan co., 111. Pop., G4S. Lyunville, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. by E. of Chapin. Lynnville, tn. in Ogle co.. 111. Pop., 726. JLyunville, p. v. in ^Varrick co., Ind., 10 mis. X. of Booneville, the co. seat. Liynnville, p. v. in Jasper co., Iowa, 12 mis. S. S. W. Grinnell. Lynnville, p. v. in Graves co., Kj'., 15 mis. from Mayfleld. liynnville, p. v. in Lehigh co.. Pa., 16 mis. TV. of Al lento wn. Liynnville, p. v. in Giles co., Tenn.. on the Xashville & Decatur R. R., IS mis. S. of Colum- bia. Pop.. 204. Lynnwood, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. Liyon, CO. in Iowa. X'. W. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 221. The surface consists of prairie land. The River of the Rock and Its East Fork intersect the central part. It is also drained by Otter Cr. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 400 bush.; Indian-corn, 250 bush.; oats, 900 bush.; Irish pot's, 710 bush.; butter, 4,565 lbs.; hav, 375 tons. Cash value of farms, $31,080. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., ail4,460. Liyon, tn. in Hamilto« co., Iowa. Pop., 188. liyon, CO. in Kans., K. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 8,014. The Xeosho R. intersects the cen- tral part from X. W. to S. E., and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R. in the same direction. The Atchison, Topeka * Santa Fe R. R. pass- es through the central part from E. to W. Emporia is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 112,153 bush.; rye, 596 bush.; In- dian-corn, 342.855 bush.; oats, 10ii,006 bush.; Irish pot's. .'52,004 bush.; sweet pot's, 811 bush.; butter, 129,120 lbs.; hay, 16,740 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,551,968. "Total, estimated, value of all farm prod actions, including additions LYON. 521 LYONS. to stock, etc., $513,781. Value of manufactures, $165,745. liyon, tn. in Cherokee co., Kans. Pop., 37?. liyon, CO. in Ky., W. central part. Area about 400 sq. mis. top., 6,-233 ; in 1860, .5,307. It is bounded on tlie \V. by the Tennessee R.. and traversed from S. E. to N. W. by the Cumber- land R., whose affluent, Livingston Cr., forms the N. boundary. The surface is rolling ; the soil generally productive. Eddy viUe is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 16,505 trush.; rye, lOlj bush. j Indian-corn, 263,9-25 bush.; oats, 6,191 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,603 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,955 bush.; tobacco, 854,212 lbs.; butter, 52,520 lbs.; hay, 552 tons. Cash value Of farms, $316,605. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $364,063. Value of manufactures, $560,360. I^yon, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop., 1,298. I.yon, p. o. in Wabasha co., Minn. Liyon, tn. in Franklin co., Mo. Pop., 3,528. Iiyon, tn. in Knox CO., Mo. Pop., 1,121. liyon, tn. in Lewis co.. Mo. Pop., 820. liyou, CO. in Nebr., W. part. Pop., 78. It forms now a part of part Cheyenne co. (See Apijen- dix.) lyon, CO. in Nev., W. part. Pop., 1,837. It has a rough and brolien surface, and its western part is occupied by lofty spurs of the Sierra Nevada. The Carson and Walker Rs. inter- sect the CO. from W. to E. Gold and silver mining is the principal branch of industry. Dayton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Rj'e, .55 bush.; Indian-corn, 545 bush.; oats, 555 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,765 bush.; butter, 2,600 lbs.; hay, 792 tons. Cash value of farms, $22,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $35,295. Value of manufactures, $1,830,165. Ijyon, tn. in Preston co., W. Va. Pop., 1,612. I^yona, p. o. in Dickinson co., Kans. liyons, tn. in Cook co.. 111. Pop., 2,427. liyons, p. V. in the above tn., on the Des Plaines R. and the Chicago & Quincy R. E., 13 mis. W. S. W. of Chicago. liyoiis, p. o. in Greene co., Ind. Ijyons, tn. in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 4,477. *Iiyoiis, city iu Clinton co., Iowa, on the Mis- sissippi R., 2 mis. above Clinton. The Chicago & Northwestern R. R. crosses the river below L., and connects it with the E. and W. It contains a female college and has a large in- land and river commerce. Two newspapers. T^yoiis, tn. in Mills co., Iowa. Pop., 89.5. JL.yons, tn. in Ionia co., ilich. Pop., 2,855. *L.yon8, p. V. in the above tn., near Grand R. and the Detroit & Milwaukee R. li., 7 mis. E. of Ionia. Small steamboats ascend the river to tills point. Pop., 704. Liyons, p. o. in Burt co., Nebr. liyons, p. o. in Somerset co., N. J. I^yons, tn. in Wayne co., N. Y. Pop., 5,115. *Liyon8, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Erie Canal and the New York Central K. R., 1923^ mis. W. of Albany and lOli^mls. E. of BuflFalo; has flouring mills and other manufacturing establishments. Pop., 3,350. Two newspapers. Iepot, p. v. in Richmond co., Ga., on the Georgia Central R. R. McBritle's Mill, p. o. in Watauga co., N. C. Mc€aiusville, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. McCall, p. o. in Hancock co., HI. McCalla, p. o. in Jetl'erson co., Ala. McCalls Creek, p. o. in Franklin co.. Miss. McCalls' Ferry, p. o. in York co.. Pa. McCalinomt, tn. in JeHerson co.. Pa. Pop., 48.3. Mcl'an»eroi>, tn. in Martin co., Ind. Pop., 9S5. Mct'aiiieroii, p. o. in the above tn. McCanimish, tn. in Johnson co., Kans. Pop., 908. McCandless, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. McCaiidless, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 957. McCartney's Cross Roads, p. o. in De Kalb CO., Mo. McCauley ville, tn. in Watonwan co,, Minn. Pop., 117. McCauIeyTille, p. o. in Wilkin co., Minn. McCleary, p. o. in Noble co., Ohio. McCleary, p. o. in Beaver co.. Pa. McClellan, tn. in Ne,wton co., Ind. Pop., 141. McClellaii, tn. in Doddridge co., W. Va. Pop., 959. McClelland, p. 6. in Franklin CO., N. Y. McClellandsville, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., ■-•i-o niU. N. W. of Newark. McClellandtown, p. v. in Fayette co.. Pa., 8 mis. W. of Uniontown. McClellan Oulch, p. o. in Deer Lodge co., Mout. Ter. McClellanvllle, p. V. in Charleston district, S. C, 35 mis. from Chaiieston. McCliutockville, p. v. in Venango co.. Pa., on the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., 3 mis. from Oil City. McCluney, p. o. in Perry co., Ohio. McClnre, p. o. in Snyder co.. Pa. McCliire, p. o. in Buchanan co., Va. McClure Settlement, p. o. in Broome co., N.Y. McCIurg', p. o. in Johnson co.. Mo. McComas, tn. in Cabell co., W. Va. Pop., 1,149. McConib, p. o. in Pike co.. Miss. McCoinb, p. v. in Hancock co., Ohio. McConnell, tn. in Chicot co.. Ark. Pop., 1,773. McConnell's, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. McConnellsburg'li, p. v. and the co. seat of Fulton CO., Pa., tz mis. VV. of Chambersburgh. A busy manufacturing town. Pop., 552. Two newspapers. McConnell's Grove, p. v. in Stephenson co., 111., 7 mis. from Lena. McConnellstown, p. r. in Huntingdon co.. Pa., on the Huntingdon <& Broad Top R. R., 5 mis. from Huntingdon. Pop., 450. McConnellsvllIe, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdeusburgh R. R., 13 mis. from Rome. Pop., 118. ♦McConnellsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Morgan co., Ohio, on the Muskingum R., 27 mis. below Zanesville. It is engaged in the manufacture of salt. Pop., 1,646. Two news- papers. McConnellsTille, p. o. in York district, S. C. McCook, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. E. part ; is intersected from N. to S. by the Terre Bonne R. and has a highly productive soil. The sur- face consists of undulating prairies. McCool, tn. in Perry co., Ark. Pop., 366. McCord, tn. in Bond co.. 111. Pop., 1,433. McCordsville, p. V. in Hancock co., Ind., on the Indianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Columbus & Cincinnati R. 11., 16 mis. N. E. of Indianapolis. Pop., 168. McCoy's Station, p. o. in Decatur co., Ind. McCoy's Station, p. o. in the v. of Shanghai, in Jefferson co., Ohio, on the Ohio R. and the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., G% mis. S. of Linton. Pop., 76. McCoysville, p. v. in Juniata CO., Pa., 14 mis. S. W. of Mililintown. McCracken, co. in Ky., S. W. part. Area, 330 sq. mis. Pop., 13,988 ; in 18(50, 10,360. The sur- face is level and the soil fertile. It is bounded on the N. by the Ohio R., wliich separates it from Illinois, and is drained by many creeks. It is intersected by the Paducali & Memphis R. R. and the Elizabethtown & Paducah R. R. Paducah is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 31,543 bush.; rye, 951 bush.; Indian-coi-n, 273,914 bush.; oats, 20,767 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,690 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,985 bush.; tobacco, 1,545,0.50 lbs.; but- ter, 84,991 lbs.; hav, 932 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,643,148. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $652,105. Value of manufactures, .$1,209,402. McCrays Store, p. o. in Alamance co., N. C. McCredie, p. o. in Callaway co., Mo. McCullocIi, CO. in Tex., W". pai-t. Area about 900 sq. mis. Pop.. 173. The N. boundary is formed by the Colorado R., which drains the N. part with several small affluents. The San Saba R. intersects the central part from W. to E. The surface forms an elevated and rolling table-land, and is mostly covered with prai- ries. Agr. productions in 1870 : Inaniel's, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. Mcl>onald, p. o. in Thomas co., Ga. McDonald, v. in Orange co., lud., 17 mis. from Orleans. McDonald, p. o. in Van Buren co., Mich. McDonald, co. in Mo.; occupies the S. W. cor- ner of the state. Pop., 5,226; in 1860, 4,038. The surface is broken and the greater portion of McDonald. 523 McINTOSH. It is covered with forests. The co. is drained by Elk R., Indian, Buffalo, North Sugar and other Crs., which afford excellent water-pow- er. The soil Is very productive. Pineville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, Sl,160bush.; rve, .'igbush.; Indian-corn, 156,712 bush.; oats, 27,099 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,736 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,159 bush.; tobacco, 10,466 lbs.; butter, 19,314 lbs. Cash value of farms, $726,- 827. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $244,583. Value of manufactures, $140,720. McDonald, tn. in Darry co., Mo. Pop., 509. McDonald, tn. in .Jasper co., Mo. Pop., 2,035. McDonald, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 900. McDonald, p. v. in Washington co.. Pa., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis K. il., 18 mis. from Pittsburgh. Pop., 50. McDonald, p. o. in Bradley co., Tenn. McDonald's Mill, p.o. in Montgomery CO., Va. McDonaldsville, p. o. in Stark co., Ohio. McDonongli, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., 4J^ mis. from JMount Pleasant. McDonou^b, p. V. and the co. seat of Henry CO., (ia., 12 mis. E. of Lovejoy's Station on the Macon & Western K. R. Pop., 320. McDonongh, co. in 111., W. part. Area, 570 sq. mis. Pop., 26,509 ; in ISUO, 20,069. The snrface is undulating ; the soil is very fertile, producing grains principally. It is intersected by Crook- ed Cr. and others. The Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., the Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R. and the Toledo, Peoria & War- saw R. R. unite at Bushnell in the N. E. part of the CO. Macomb is the CO. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 310,017 bush.; rye, 52,401 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,362,490 bush.; oats, 280,717 bush.; Irish pot's, 71,476 bush.; sweet pot's, 598 bush.; butter, 413,416 lbs.; hay, 27,- 424 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,907,711. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,294,082. Value of manufactures, $473,974. McDouougb, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 1,280. McDonongli, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. W. of Oxford. Pop., 256. McDowell, p. o. in Maricopa co., Ariz. Ter. McDowell, p. o. in Livingston co., 111. McDowell, p. o. in Barry co.. Mo. McDowell, CO. in N. C, W. central part. Area about 520 sq. mis. Pop., 7,592 ; in 1860,7,120. It is bounded on the W.by the Blue Ridge and inter- sected by the Bald Mts. The Catawba R. rises in the western part of the co. and drains it with numerous small affluents. The surface is hilly and mountainous. Marion is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 11,955 bush.; rye, 8,411 bush.; Indian-corn, 176,304 busli.; oats, 11,580 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,394bush.; sweet pot's, 4,135 bush.; butter, 18,254 lbs. Cash value of farms, $581,325. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $205,709. Value of manufactures, .$46,686. McDowell, p. V. in Highland co., A'a., 39 mis. from Staunton. McDowell, CO. in W. Va., forming the south- ern extremity of the state. Area about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 1,952 ; in 1860, 1,.535. The Tug Ridge trends along the southern and eastern borders of the co., which has a rough and mountainous surface. The Tug Fork of the Sandy R. rises near the eastern boundary and intersects the co. from E. to W., receiving in its passage Panther Cr., South Fork, Cole Cr. and numerous other affluents. Perryville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 675 bush.; rj-e, 460 bush.; Indian-corn, 31,586 bush.; oats, 3,015 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,310 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,049 bush.; butter, 15,597 lbs.; hay, 8 tons. Cash value of farms, .$85,8.34. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $51,123. McDnme, new co. in Ga., E. part. Area about 350 sq. mis. The surface is idling and well timbered. Little R., a tributary of the Savannah R., forms the N. boundary. The soil is productive. The Georgia R. R. inter- sects the CO. from E. to W. Thomson is the co. seat. Mc£lhatten, p. o. in the v. of Wayne, in Clin- ton CO., Pa., on the West Branch of the Susque- hanna R. and the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 20 mis. W. of Williamsport. McElroy, tn. in Tvler co., W. Va. Pop., 1,316. McEilroy, p. o. in JDoddridge co., W. Va. McElwain's, p. o. in Greenville co., Va. Mc£wlng:'s Station, p. v. in Humphreys CO., Tenn., on the Nashville & Northwestern R. R. McEwensTllle, p. v. in Northumberland co., Pa., 2^4 mis. E. of Watsontown. Pop., 342. McFadden, p. o. in York co., Nebr. McFarlan, tn. in Hardin co.. 111. Pop., 827. McFarlands, p. o. in Lunenburgh co., Va. McGabeysvllle, p. v. in Rockingham co., Va., 12 mis. from Harrisonburgh. Mc^arveys, p. o. in Clearfield co.. Pa. McGehee Landing', p. o. in Bolivar co.,Miss. McGonigle's Station, p. o. in Butler co., Ohio. McGrawsville, p. o. in Miami co., Ind. McGrawville, p. v. in Cortland co., N. Y., 4 mis. from Cortland. Pop., 517. *McGreg'or, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, on the Mississijjpi R., opposite Prairie dn Chien, and on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 60 mis. N. of Dubuque. Has an active trade and is the seat of the railroad car shops. Pop. about 3,000. Four newspapers. McGuire, tn. in Marion co.. 111. Pop., 1,161. McHenry, new co. in Dak. Ter., N. part. Has a rolling and in some parts hilly surface ; is mostly covered with prairies, a'nd is inter- sected by the Mouse, or Souris, R. McHenry, co m 111., N. E. part. Area, 628 sq. mis. Pop., 23,762 ; in 1860, 22,089. The surface is generally level ; the soil not very fertile. Limestone underlies the co. It is bounded on the N. by Wis. Fox R. flows through it from N. to S. It is intersected by three branches of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. Wood- stock is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 402,060 bush.; rye, 29,264 bush.; Indian- corn, 1,145,005 bush.; oats, 910 397 bush.; Irish pot's, 303,467 bush.; butter, 910,226 lbs.; hay, 71,. 742 tons. Ca.shvalue of farms, $11,843,688. Total, estimated, value of all farm jDroductions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $3,294,277. V.alue of manufactiires, $698,199. McHenry, tn. in McHenry co.. 111. Pop., 1,988. McHenry, p. v. in the above tn., on the Fox River Branch of the Galena Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 18 mis. from Dundee. McHenry, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 309. *McIndoe's Falls, p. v. in Caledonia co., Vt., on the Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers K, R., 13 mis. from St. .Johnsbury. Mcintosh, CO. in Ga., S. E. part, bordering on the ocean. Area, 430 sq. mis. Pop., 4,491 ; in 1800, 5,546. The surface is level and much of it is sandy. Large tracts are covered with pine forests. The sea-coast is indented by Sapelo Sound, Doboj- Sound, Altamaha Sound and numerous small inlets. A belt of swamps, about 5 mis. in width, extends along the coast. The Altamaha R. forms the southern bound- ary, the Fifth Newport R. the northern. The Sapelo R. drains the eastern part of the co. Darien is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn,23,638bush.; oats, 2,225 bush.; Irish pots, 324 bush.; sweet loot's, 26,438 btish.; cotton, 403 bales; rice, 4,900,389 lbs.; butter, 7,705 lbs. Cash value of farms, $438,054. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $430,482. Value • of manufactures, .$482,100. Mclntosb, p. y. in Liberty co., Ga,, on the McINTYRE. 524 McMINNVILLE. Atlantic & Gnlf R. R., 32 mis. from Savannah. Pop. about 200. Iff cintyre, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Moliityre, tn. in Lycoming CO., Pa. Pop., 674. Mclntyre, p. o. in Lycoming co., Pa. McKay, p. o. in Ashland co., Ohio. MoKestn, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 990. McKean, co. in Pa., N. part. Area, 1,03.5 sq. mis. Pop., 8,825 ; in 1860, 8,859. Tlie surface is roIling,el('vatetl and extensively covered ■with forests. The Alleghany R. intersects the N. E. corner and its tributaries drain the co. Smithportis the co. seat. Agr. productions In 1870: AVheat, 8,444 hush.; rye, 1,978 bush.; oats, 97,984 hush.; Indian-corn, 22,620 hush.; Irish pot's, 54,983 bush.; butter, 197,200 lbs.; hay, 15,243tons. Cash value of farms, $l,.566,2.'iO. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $434,- 900. V.alue of m.annfactures, $35'^,984. McKean, tn. m Erie CO., Pa. Pop., 1,426. McKean, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. S. of Erie. McKeansbnrsrli, p. o. in .Schuylkill co.. Pa. McKean's Old Stand, p. o. in AVestmoreland CO., Pa. McKee, tn. In Adams co.. 111. Pop., 1,410. McKee, p. v. and the co. seat of Jackson co., Ky., 16 mis. N. E. of Mt. Vernon, on the Knox- villc Branch of the Louisville & Nashville R. R. McKeen, p. o. in Clarke co., 111. McKee's Oap, p. o. in Blair co., Pa. McKee's Half Falls, p. v. in Snyder co.. Pa., 2 mis. W. of Dalmatia. *McKeesport, p. borough in Alleghany co., Pa., on Pittsburgh, Waehington & Baltimoie K. R. and the Monongahela R., 15 mis. S. E. of Pittsburgh. Has several manufactories and a large trade in lumber and coal, and is en- gaged in boat building. Pop., 2,523. Two newspapers. McKendree Station, p. o. in Fayette co., W. Va. McKenny's Mill, p. o. in Rockbridge co., Va. McKenKie, p. v. in Carroll co., Tenn., on the Xashvillc & Xorthwestern R. R., 12 mis. from Himtmgdon. Shipping point for cotton and country products. Seat of McKenzie College. One newspaper. Pop. about .550. McKim, tn. in Pleasants co., W. Va. Pop., 449. McKlnley, p. v. in Marengo co., Ala., 12 mis. from Uniontown on the Selma & Meridian R. R. •McKinney, p. v. and the co. seat of Collin CO., Tex., 33 mis. from Dallas, and in the midst of an agricultural region. Pop., 503. Two newspapers. McKinstry's Mills, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. McKnig^bts Point, p. o. in Humboldt CO., Iowa. McKnlgrhtstown, p. o. in Adams co.. Pa. MclCownville, p. o. in Albany co., N. Y. McKunes I>eii>ot, p. o. in Wyoming co.. Pa, McLainsboroug'li. p. o. in Hill co., Tex. Mcliane, p. v. in Erie co.. Pa., 11 mis. N. of Cambridgi'borough and ii]4 nils. S. of Erie. Mcl..ang:hlin's Store, p. o.'in AVestmoreland CO., Pa. McLean, co. in 111., central part. Area, 1,156 sq. nils. Pop., 53,988 ; in 1860, 28,772. Prairie lands, on which is a luxuriant growth of grass and flowers, make up the chief surface fea- tures of the county. It is drained by the Mackinaw, Salt and Sugar Crs., whose head ■waters are all within its limits. Blooming- ton, the CO. seat, is a considerable railroad center, no less than seven routes centering at this place. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 222,756 bush.; rye, 39,824 bush.; Indian-corn, 3,. 723,379 bush.: oats, 911,127 bush.; Irish pot's, 219,558 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,964 bush.; butter, 887,578 lbs.; hay, 77,841 tons. Cash value of farms, $24, 863, 681. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, Including additions to stock, etc., $4,860,898. Value of manufactureg, $;i,367,647. McL.ean, p. v. in McLean co.. 111., on the Chi- cago & Alton R. R., 14^ mis. S. W. of Bloom- ington. Pop. about 400. Mcliean, co. in Ky., N. W. part. Area, 320 sq. mis. Pop., 7,614 ; in 1860, 6,144. The Green R. intersects the co. from E. to W. and then forms the western boundary, together with its affluent, the Pond R. The surface is un- dulating and the soil productive. Calhoun is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 26,954 bush.; rve,449 bush.; Indian-corn. 271,508 bush.; oats, 50,506 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,022 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,466 bush.; tobacco, 2,262,- 037 lbs.; butter, 61,665 lbs.; hay, 1,.520 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,214,143. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $538,667. Value of manufactures, $141,093. Mcl^ican, tn. in Ramsey co., Minn. Pop., 442. McIiCan, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. V., 41^ mis. N. of Dry den. Pop., 405. McI^ean, tn. in Shelby co., Ohio. Pop., 1.309. *McI>eaiisborong'li," p. v. and the co. seat of Hamilton co., ill., on the St. Louis & South- eastern R. R., 40 mis. from Shawneetown, in a well wooded and watered agricultural dis- trict. Pop., 683. Two newspapers. Mclicansville, p. o. in Guilford co., N. C. McLcllan's Corners, p. o. in Erie co.. Pa. Mcliemoresville, p. v. in Carroll co., Tenn., 4 mis. from Trezevant on the Louisville & Nashville R. R. McLiennan, co. in Tex., central part. Area, 1,100 sq. mis. Pop., 13,500 ; in 1860, 6,206. It has ,a rolling surface,consisting mostly of prairies. The lower " Cross Timbers " extend into the N. part of the co. The Brazos R. intersects it from N. AV. to S. E. and receives Bosque R., Aquila Cr. and other small affluents. The soil is highly productive. AVaco is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 11,712 bush.; rye, 599 bush.; Indian-corn,502,,5iXJ bush.; oats, 10,753 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,157 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,280 bush.; cotton, 8,829 bales ; butter, 8,904 lbs.; hay, 379 tons. Cash value of farms, $356,734. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to slock, etc., $816,205. Value of manufactures, $344,525. McJLeod, CO. in Minn., S. central part. Area, 504 sq. mis. Pop., 5,643 ; in 1860, 1 ,286. It has an undulating surface and a pioductive soil. The Kaniska R. and other tributaries of the Crow R. intersect the co. from W. to E. Lakes are numerous. Glencoe is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 149,451 bush.; rye, 667 bush.; Indian-corn, 48.381 bush.; oats, 96,487 bush.; Irish pot's, 31,855 bush.; butter, 168,438 lbs.; liay, 16,932 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,107,763. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $295,219. Value of manufactures, $88,245. McIiCod's Station, p. o. in Logan co., Ky. McMeekins, v. in Fairfield district, S. C. McMichael's, p. o. in Monroe co.. Pa. McMillan, p. v. in Knox co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, A'irginia & Georgia R. R. McMillin, p. o. in Bell co., Tex. McMlnn, co. in Tenn., S. E. part. Area, 4808q. mis. Pop., 13,969; in 1860, 13,555. The surface slopes to the Hiawassee R., which forms the southern boundary. The soil is fertile. The Tennessee, A'irginia & Georgia R. R. intersects It from N. E. to S. A\^ Athens is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 43,925 bush.; rye,762 bush.; Indian-corn, 359,833 bush.; oats, 77,810 bush.; Iri.sh pot's, 8,114 busli.; sweet pot's, 13,102 bush.; butter, 124,218 lbs.; ha.v, 2.249 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,350,882. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $856,- 632. Value of manufactures, $268,147. McMiunville, p. v. in Yam Hill co., Oreg.,on McMINNVILLE. 525 MACOMB. Yamhill R., 12 mis. from Dayton. The R. is nav- igable to this point ami the falls afford abun- dant water-power. Pop.,3S8. One newspaper. *McMinnvHle, p. v. and the co. seat of War- ren CO., Tenn., on the McMinnville & Man- chester B. R., 35 mis. N. E. of TuUahoraa. Trade center for a fruit-growing and agricul- tural district. Pop., 1,17'2. Two newspapers. SIclMuIlen, co. in Tex., S. part. Area about 1,250 sq. nils. Pop., 230. The surface is broken and hilly; the soil productive. The Nueces R, intersects the southern part of the co., and tl e Rio Frio, a tributary of the Nueces, the nartliern. Cash value of farms, $1,500. Total, estimated, value of all farm, productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $11,395. McJfalry, co. in Tenn., S. S. W. part. Area, 5.30 sq. nils. Pop., 12,726 ; in 1860, 14,732. The surface is elevated and the soil fertile. It is hounded S. by Miss. The Big Ilatchie R. flows through its S. W. corner. Purdy is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 44,599 hush.; rye, 363 bush.; Indian-corn, 370,431 bush.; oats, 18,362 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,846 bush.; sweet pot's, 22,038 bush.; cotton, 3,347 bales; butter, 110,865 lbs.; hay, 289 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,139,310. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc. , $943,156. Value of manufactures, $3,700. McNairy Station, p. v. in McNairy co., Tenn., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 29^% mis. N. of Corinth, Miss. Pop. about .300. McNeely's Ridg:e, p. o. in Clark co.. Ark. McJfntt, p. o. in Clarke co., Ga. McXutt, p. o. and the co. seat of Le Flore, co., Miss., on Quiver R. and 35 mis. W. of Grenada. Pop., 46. McPaul, p. o. in Fremont co., Iowa. McPherson, new co. in Dak. Ter., central part; lies on the Plateau du Coteau du Mis- souri; has a rolling prairie surface and is drained by several small affluents of the Missouri R. McPherson, p. o. in Coles co.. 111. SIcPberson, co. in Kans., central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 738. The N. part is watered by Smoky Hill Fork of the Kansas R. and tlie S. part by the Little Arkansas R. The surface consists chiefly of rolling prairies, which are well adapted to stock raising. Lindsborg is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5,138 bush.; Indian-corn, 40,.540 bush.; oats, 2,818 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,4.53 bush.; sweet pot's, 18 bush.; butter, 7,800 lbs.; hay, 1,444 tons. Cash value of farms, $270,770. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $;i9,436. McPherson, p. o. in the above co. McPherson, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 903. McPherson, p. v. in Lincoln co., Nebr., on the Union Pacific R. R., 277 mis. W. of Omaha. Fort McPherson is 6 mis. S. of it. McRae, p. v. in Telfair co., Ga., on Little Ocmulgee R. and the Macon & Brunswick R. R., 20 nils. N. W. of Lumber City. McSherrystown, p. v. in Adams CO., Pa., 2 nils, from Hanover. Pop., 291. McVeytown, p. v. in Mifflin co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Canal and Pennsylvania Cen- tral R. R., 11 mis. W. of Lewistown. Pop., 685. McVill, p. o. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Mc Ville, p. o. in Telfair co., Ga. McWilliamstown, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. McZena, p. o. in Ashland co., Ohio. Mabbettsvllle, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., 214 nils, from Washington. Mat>el, p. o. in Schuylkill co., Pa. Mabees, p. o. in Jackson co., Ohio. Mabry's Ferry, p. o. in Stone co., Mo. Mace, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ind. Mace, p. o. in Russell co., "Kans. Macedon, tn. in Wayne co., N. Y. Pop., 2,636. Macedon, p. v. in above tn., on the Gauargua R. and the New York Central R. R., 5 mis. W of Palmyra. Macedon, p. v. in Mercer co., Ohio, 13 mis. from Celina. Macedon Centre, p. v. in Wayne co., N. Y., ■2,]4 mis. from jNIacedon. Pop., 451. Macedonia, p. o. in Hamilton co.. 111. Macedonia, tn. in Pottawattamie co., Iowa. Macedonia, p. o. in the above tn. Macedonia, p. o. in Montgomery CO., N. C. Macedonia, p. o. in Bradford Co., Pa. Macedonia Depot, p. v. in Summit co., Ohio, on the Cleveland & Pittsburgh B. R., 20 mis. from Cleveland. Pop. about 200. Macfarland, p. v. in Dane co.. Wis., on the Prairie du Chien Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul II. R., 7 mis. from Madison. Pop, about 250. Machias, tn. Washington co.. Me. Pop., 2,52.5. *Machias, p. v. in the above tn.,a port of entry and the co. seat, 4 mis. from Machias Port. Engaged in ship building and coast commerce. Two newspapers. Machias, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1,170. Machias, p, v. in the above tn., 23 mis. N. of Hinsdale. Machias Port, p. v. in Washington co.. Me., on Machias B.; is the eastern terminus of the Machias R. R., 114 mis. E. of Whitneyville. Maciiirville, p. o. in Mason co., W. Va. Machodoc, p. o. in Westmoreland co., Va. Mackeral Corner, p. v. in Carroll co., N. H., 16 mis. from Alton B. Mackford, tn. in Green Lake co., Wis. Pop., 1,251. Mackinac, co. in Mich., N. E.part. Pop., 1,716. It borders in the S. on Lake Michigan, Mack- inaw Strait and Lake Huron. The surface is broken, and mostly covered with dense pine forests. Lumbering is the chief occupation of the inhabitants. Mackinaw is the co. seat. Cash value of farms, $9,200. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $8,225. Total value of manufactures, $98,940. Mackinaw, tn. in Tazewell co., 111. Pop., 1,379. *Mackinaw, p. v. in the above tn., on the In- dianapolis, Bloomington & Westei-n R. R., 17 mis. from Bloomington. Agricultural town. Pop., 496. ^Mackinaw, p. v. and the co. seat of Macki- nac CO., Mich., on Mackinac Island in the Straits of Mackinaw, about 300 mis. N. W. of Detroit. The island is a favorite summer re- sort. Fort Mackinaw is situated on a high bluff behind the v. Mackinaw City, p. o. in Cheboygan co., Mich. Mack's, p. o. in Carroll co., Iowa. Macksbnrg'h, v. in Noble co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Pittsburgh R. R., 24 mis. N. of Ma- rietta. The p. o. is Kegnier's Mills, two mis. S. of it, in Washington co. Mack's Creek, p. o. in Camden co.. Mo. Macksville, p. o. in Harrison co., Tex. Macksville, p. o. in Pendleton co., W. Ya. Mackville, p. o. in Piatt co.. 111. Pop., 180. Mackville, p. v. in Washington co., Ky., 8m.ls. from Sijringfield. Mackville, p. o. in Outagamie co., Wis. Macomb, tn. in McDonough co., 111. Pop , 1,219. ^Macomb, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Galesbnrgh & Quincy Division of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., .58 mis. from Quincy and 39 nils, from Galesburg. Seat of an active trade. Pop., 2,748. Twonews- jjapers. Macomb, co. in Mich., E. part. Area, 375 sq. nils. Pop., 27,616; in 1860, 22,843. The surface is generallv level; the soil rich and fertile. The CO. is bounded on the S. E. by Lake St. Clair and drained by Clinton R. and its branches. The Grand Trunk R. R. intei'sects the CO. Mt. Clemens is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 381,862 bush.; rye, MACOMB. 526 MACOUPIN. 7,558 bush.; Inflian-corn, 317,353 bush.; oats, 529,417 liush.; Irish pot's, 264,.553 bush.; wool, 322,189 lbs.; butter, 888,184 lbs.; hay, 42,689 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,283.2.57. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,276,223. Value of manufactures, $1,379,312. 9Iacoiiib, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,80.5. Klaconib, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. "W. of Mt. Clemens. Macomb, tn. in St. Lawrence Co., K. Y. Pop., 1,673. macomb, p. v. in tlie above tn., 10 mis. W. of KiehvlUe. Macomb, p. o. in Grayson co., Tex. Macon. CO. in Ala., E. part. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 17,727 ; in 1860, 26,802. The Talla- poosa R. forms the N. W. boundary and re- ceives Eufaupee Cr., Caleebee Cr. and Line Cr. The surface is diversifled with hills. The soil is but moderately productive. The Montgom- ery & West Point K. R. intersects the N. W. part. Tuskegee is tlio CO. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : "Wheat, 2,429 bush.; rye, 66 bush.; Indian-corn, 168,661 bush.; oats, 31,690 bush.; Irish pot's, 30 bush.; sweet pot's, 20,755 bush.; cotton, 11,872 bales; butter, 4.5,894 lbs.; hay, 30 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,486,811. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,281,587. Value of manufactures, $158,294. Macon, co. in Ga., "W. central part. Area about 370 sq. mis. Pop., 11,458 ; 1860, 8,449. The surface is level or slightly undulating. The Flint R. intersects the co. from X. to S. and divides it into two nearlv equal parts. Beaver Cr., White Water Cr. and Uncles Cr. drain the Avestern part and empty into the Flint R. Some parts of the valley of this river are swampy. The soil is productive. Oglethorpe is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,330 bush.; rye, 68 bush.; Indian-corn, 184,877 bush.; oats. 1,700 bush.; Irish pot's, 154 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,487 bush.; cotton, 9,391 bales; butter, 25,534 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,067,361. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,131,431. A'alue of manufactures, $31,167. ♦Macon, city and the co. seat of Bibb co., Ga., on the Ocmulgee R.. at the junction of the Central Georgia R. R., Macon & Brunswick R. R., Mil con & "Western R. R. and Southwes- tern R. R., '00 mis. S. E. of Atlanta and 30 mis. S. W. of Millc'lgeville. It is an important cotton marki't and ^eat of an active trade, and has cotton mills, flouring mills, iron foundries and machine shops. The river is I'Uvigable to this point. The streets are wide an' ; adorned with shade trees. The State Academy for the Blind, the Wesleyan Female College, "the Free Academy and the Cotanico Medical College arc located here. Lamar's Mound is covered with elegant private residences, and Rose Hill Cemetery, a charming retreat, is within walk- ing distance from the city. Pop., 10,810; in 1860, 5,396. Seven newspapers. Macon, co. in III., central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 26,481; in 18()0, 13,738. The surface consistsrof rolling prairies ; lliesoil is fertile. It is intersected by the North Fork of Sanga- mon R. The Toledo, Wabash ■& Western and the Illinois Central R. Rs. intersect at Deca- tur, the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 251,8.t2 bush.; rye, 29,22.3 hush.; Indian- corn, 2,214. 4f!8 l)ush.; oats, 454,648 bush.; Irish pot's, 117.959 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,754 bush.; butter, 159, 4-.'6 lbs.; hav, 19,963 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,132,379. Total, estimated, value of all farm in-oductions, iucluding additions to stock, etc., $2,808,166. Value of manufac- tures, $1,. 5.59,629. Macon, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,549. *Macon, p. V. in the above tn., on the Illinois Oentral R. R., 10 mis. S. of Decatur. Macon, tn. in Bureau co., III. Pop., 839. Macon, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 1,4.39. Macon, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Tc- cumseh. *Macon, p. v. and the co. seat of Xoxubee co.. Miss., on the Mobile &Ohio R. R.,35 mis. S. of Columbus. It is an important shipping point for cotton, and contains railroad repair shops and other manufactories. Pop., 975. One newspaper. Macon, co. in Mo., N. E. part. Pop., 23,2.30 : in 1860. 14,346. The surface is undulating and in some parts hilly. The soil is very produc- tive. Lead, iron and hj'draulie limestone have been found. The co. is drained by the Chariton R. and traversed by the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R. and the Hanni- bal & St. Joseph R. R., which intersect each other at Macon City, the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 110,158 bush.; rye, 19,- 472 bush.; Indian-corn, 857,327 bush.; oats, 411,- 510 bush.; Irish pot's, 72,834 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,373 bush.; tobacco, 355,767 lbs.; butter, 412,146 lbs.; hay, 12,385 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,28.3,31.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,50(5,69.3. Value of manufactures, $789,684. Macon, p. o. in Franklin co., Nebr. Macon, co. in N. C, S. W. jiart. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop., 6,615; in 1860, 6.004. It bor- ders on S. C. and is on nearly all sides sur- rounded bv lofty mountains, as the Cowe Mt.,in the N. E., the Valley River Mt., on the \V. and the Blue Ridge partly on the S. The Little Tennessee R. flows through the co. anft receives the Nantahela R. Between the two streams rise the Nantahela Mts. FrankUn is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Whe^t, 21, .365 bush.; rye, 6,825 bush ; Indian-corn, 163,- 199 bush.; oats, 19,970 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,837 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,225 bush.; tobacco, 26,739 lbs.; butter, 64,601 lbs.; hay, 1,007 tons. Cash value of farms, $510,612. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, iucluding ad- ditions to stock, etc., $;i53,442. Macon, co. in Tenn., N. part. Area, 250 sq. mis. Pop., 6,633 ; in 1860, 7,290. The swrface is broken and the soil fertile. It is drained bv many small affluents of the Cumberland 11. La Fayette is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 30,525 bush.; rye. 696 bush.; Indian-corn, 2-56,483 bush.; oats," 60,7.56 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,441 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,340 bush.; cotton, 1,988 bales ; tobacco, 950,768 lbs.; but- ter, 82,924 lbs.; hay, 169 tons. Cash value of farms, $639,731. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,143,735. Value of manufactures, $95,495. Macon, p. v. in Fayette co., Tenn., 7 mis. from Rossville. *Macon City, p. v. and the co. seat of Macon CO., Mo., on'tlie Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., at its intersection with the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R., 70 nds. tvoin Hannibal. It IS a rapidly-growing city, with manufac- tories and considerable ti'ade. Pop., 3,678. Four newspapers. Macon Depot, p. v. in Warren co., N. C, on the Raleigh & Gaston R. R., IMS mis. from Gas- ton and 31 mis. from Weldon. Pop. aboutlOO. Macon Station, p. v. in Hale co., Ala., on the Alabama Central R. R., 36 mis. from Selma. Maconpin, co. in III., S. W. central part. Area, 800 sq. mis. Pop., 32,720; in 1860, 24,602. The surface is undulating and the soil excellent. The CO. is drained by the Macoupin R.and in- tersected by the Chicago & Alton R. R. and the Indianapolis & St. Louis It. R. Carlinville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 861, .5,58 bush.; rve, 2.404 bush.: Indian- corn, 1.051,514 bush.; oats, 459,417 bush.; Irish pot's, 60,964 l)nsh.; sweet pot's, 2,649 bush.; bat- ter, 291,608 11)s.; hav, 42,423 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,128,.576. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to MACOUPIN STATION. 527 MADISON. stock, etc., $2,459,466, Value of manufactures, $1,681,591. Maconpin Station, p. o. in the atoOTe co. •Macimgie, p. o. in the v. of Millerstown in Lehigh CO., Pa., on the East Pennsylvania & i^ebanon Valley E. E., 10 mis. from Allentown. Pop., 4S6. Maclalin, p. o. of the v. of Meyersville in Dutch- ess CO., N. Y., 1 mle. from Tivoli. Pop., 6-29. Madswaska, tn. in Aroostook co., Me. Pop., 1,041. Maclawaska, p. o. in the above tn. Madbury, tn. in Strafford co., N. H. Pop., 408. Maddensville, p. o. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Madeira, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati E. ?., 18 mis. N. E. of Cincinnati. Madelia, tn.in Watanwanco., Minn. Pop., 675. *Madelia, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the St. Paul & Sioux City E. E., 23 mis. S. W. of Mankato, and in a rich agricul- tural section. One newspaper. Bladely, p. o. in Portage co.. Wis. Bladera, p. v. in Clearfield co.. Pa., 10 mis. "W. of Osceola Mills. Madison, co. in Ala,, N. part. Area about 830 sq. mis. Pop., 31,2(57; in 1860, 26,4,51. It is bounded on the N. by the State of Tenn. and on the S. by the Tennessee R. The surface is a high rolling table-land, except the broad valley of the Teniiessee E., which is low, level and of great fertility. The Flint E., Painted Eock E. and Indian E. traverse the co. from N. to S. and join the Tennessee E. The Mem- phis &, Charleston E. E. intersects the co. from VV. to E. Huntsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 36,878 bush.; rj'e, 564 bush.; Indian-corn, 674,625 bush.: oats, 13,- 223 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,386 bush.; sweet pot's, 22,437 bush.; cotton, 12.180 bales; Imtter, 78,,383 lbs.; hay, 383 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,193,- 834. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductione, including additions to stock, etc., $1,955,501. Value of manufactures, $501,096. Madison, co. in Ark., X. W. part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 8,231 ; in 1860, 7,740. The surface is hilly. It is drained by tributaries of the White E., as Kings E. and War Eagle E., with its affluent, Eichmoud Cr. The val- leys are very productive and the uplands are mostly covered with deciduous forests. Huntsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 68,779bush.; Indian-corn, 374,- 171 bush.; oats, 17,973 bush.; Irish pot's, 23,059 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,763 bush.; tobacco, 14,080 lbs.; butter, 160,187 lbs. Cash value of farms, $823,845. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $481,729. Value of manufactures, $14,980. Madison, tn. in Grant co., Ark. • Pop., 635. Madison, tn. in Sevier co.. Ark. Pop., 468. '^Madison, p. v. and the co. seat of St. Francis CO., Ark., on the Memphis & Little Eock R. E., 41 mis. from Memphis, Tenn. It is sur- rounded by a productive farming district. Pop. about 500. Madison, tn. in New Haven co., Conn. Pop., 1,814. Madison, p. v. in the above tn., on Long Is- land Sound and near the New Haven & New London E. E., 20 mis. E. of New Haven. Madison, co. iii Fla., N. part. Area, 275 sq. mis. Pop., 11,121; in 1860,7,779. Ga. bounds the CO. on the N., Withlacoochee E. on the E. and Ocilla R. on the W. The surface is rolling and the soil good in most parts. The Jack- sonville, Pensacola & Mobile R. E. intersects the CO. from E. to. W. Madison is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Oats, 4,129 bush.; Indian-corn, 161.105 bxish.; sweet pot's, 13,885 bush.; cotton, 3,973 bales. Cash value of farms, $668,078. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $599,482. Value of manufactures, $102,825. Madison, p. v. and the co. seat of Madison CO., Fla., on the Jacksonville, Pensacola R Mobile E. E., 79 mis. from Quincy. Pop., 924, *Madlson, p. v. and the co. seat of Moi-gan CO., Ga., on the Georgia E. E., 68 mis. from Atlanta. An important commercial center, shipping much cotton and country produce, and rapidly growing in populatlonand wealth. Pop. about 1.000. One newspaper, Madison, co. in Ga., N. E. part. Area about 295 sq. mis. Pop., .5,227 ; in 1800, 5,933. The South Fork of Broad E. forms the southern boundary : the North Fork part of the east- ern ; and Black Cr., a tribiitary of the latter, part of the northern. Blue Stone Cr. and Brushy Cr. drain the co. The surface is un- dulating; the soil in the northern part moderately productive, but in the southern very fertile. Danielsville is the co seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 9,031 bush.; rye, 33 bush.; Indian-corn, 49,.523 bush.; oats, 7,"382 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,225 bush.; cotton, 732 bales ; butter, 9,680 lbs. Cash value of farms, $122,905. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $151,129. Value of manufactures, $104,216, Madison, co. in 111., S. W. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 44,131: in 1860, 31,251. It is separated from Mo. by the Mississippi E., which forms its western boundary. The Missouri and Mississippi Rs. unite below Alton and 16 mis. above St. Louis, Mo. The surface is elevated, falling rapidly off within several miles of the R. The soil is very fertile. The Terre Haute and St. Louis E. R., the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. E. and the Chicago R. R. intersect the CO. Edwardsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,207,731 busli.; rye, 3,685 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,127,540 bush.; oats, 474,252 bush.; Irish pot's, 667,460 bush,; sweet pot's,10,904 bush.; butter, 288,988 lbs.; hay, 26,088 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,194,- 701. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,727,065. Value of manufactures, $4,794,490. Madison, tn. in Richland co., 111. Pop., 1,163. Madison, co, in Ind., central part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 22,772 ; in 1860, 16,.518. The sur- face is level and consists mostly of rich soil. AVliite R. flows through the co. from E. to W. and receives Pine Cr. The Pittsburgh, Cin- cinnati & St. Louis R. R. intersects with the Indianapolis Division of the ClCA-eland, Col- umbus & Cincinnati R. R. at Anderson, the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 541,069 bush.; rye, 3,804 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,028,150 bush.; bats, 74,637 bush.; Irish pot's, 62,184 bush.; sweet pot's, 570 bush.; butter, 322,- 487 lbs. ; hav, 10,385 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,-399,441. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,219,.502. Value of manufactures, $829,250. Madison, tn. in Allen co. Ind. Pop., 1,278, Madison, tn. in Carroll CO., Ind. Pop., 727. Madison, tn. in Clinton co., Ind. Pop., 865. Madison, tn. in Daviess co., Ind, Pop., 1,440. Madison, tn. in Jay co., Ind. Pop., 1,279. Madison, tn. in 'Jefferson co., Ind, Pop., 1.5.574. ^Madison, city in the above tn, and the co. seat, on the Ohio E., at the terminus of the Jefferson ville, Madison & Indianapolis R, R., and about midway between Cincinnati and Louisville. An excellent shipping point by way of the river, and seat of extensive manu- factories and trade. It is jileasantly situ- ated, and contains manv flue buildings. Pop., 10,709 ; in 1860, 7,883. Three newspapers, Madison, tn. in Montgomery co. , Ind. Pop., 974. Madison, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 1,042. Madison, tn. in Pike co,, Ind. Pop., 723. Madison, tn. in Putnam co., Ind. Pop., 1,043, Madison, tn, in St. Joseph co., Ind. Pop., 1,697. Madison, tn. in Tipton co., Ind. Pop., 1,729, Madison, tn, in Washington co., Ind. Pop., 835. Madison, co. in Iowa, S, central part. Area, MADISON. 628 MADISON. 680 sq. mis. Pop., 13,884; in 1860, 7,339. The surface consists of extensive prairies ; the soil is rich and well watered. Xortli and Mid- dle Rs. with their affluents drain the co. AVin- terset is the co. seat. Agr. pToductions in 1870: Wheat, 358,0.31 bush.; rye, 3,879 bush.; Indian-corn, l,4.i3,684 bush.; oats, 140,639 bush.; Irish pot's, 62,231 bush.; sweet pot's, 663 bush.; wool, 71,999 bush.; butter. 302,835 lbs.; hay, 20,758 tons. Cash value of farms, §3,516,431. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions tostoclc, etc., $1,644,- 035. Value of manufactures, !j2(i9,400. IVIadisoii, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 661. Madison, tn. in Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 293. 9Iar. W. corner. Jackson is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 48,438 bush.; rye, 287 bush.; Indian-corn, 692,910 bush.; oats, 9,781 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,961 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,724 bush.; cotton, 9,255 bales; butter, 25,825 lbs. Cash value of farms, $3,953,675. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,601,143. Value of manufactures, $:}70,022. Madison, p. v. in Davidson co., Tenn., on the 34 Louisville & NashviUe R. K., 7 mis. N. B. ot Nashville. Madison, co. in Tex., E. part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 4,061 ; in 1860, 2,!i38. The surface la generally level and the soil moderately fer- tile. Bounded E. by Trinity R., W. by i^ava- sota R., and partly S. by "South Bidais Cr. Madisonville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tionsinl870: Rye, 30 bush.; Indian-corn, 84,- 006 bush.; Irish jjot's, 1,106 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,296 bush.; cotton, 2,729 bales; butter, 21,430 lbs. Cash value of farms, $206,175. Total, es- timated, value of all fai-m productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $266,343. Value of manufactures, $9,700. Madison, co. in Va., N. central part. Area, 275 sq. mis. Pop., 8,670; in 186C, 8,8.54. It is bounded on the N. W. by the Blue Ridge, on the S. E. by the Rapidan R., on the E. by Rob- ertson R. and Crooked R., and on theS.'W. by the Staunton R., which rises Avithin the co., and bj' Conway R. The sui:face is high and diversified by several mountain elevations, as German Mt., Thoroughtiire Mt., Robertson's Mt., and others. The soil of the valleys is highly productive. Madison Court House is the CO. seat. Agr. pi'oductions in 1870 : Wheat, 105,833 bush.; rye, 9,451 bush.; Indian-corn, 240,- 240 bush.; oats", 54.884 bush.; Iri.sh pot's, 7,217 bush.; sweet pot s, 2,852 bush.; tobacco, 60,650 lbs.; butter, 46,705 lbs.; hay, 1,333 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,753,087. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $488,760. Value of manu- factures, $108,960. Madison, tn. in Caroline co., Va. Pop., 3,682. Madison, tn. in Charlotte co., Va. Pop., 3,222. Madison, tn. in Orange CO., Va. Pop., 3,773. Madison, tn. in Shenandoah co.,Va. Pop., 3,001. Madison Conrt House, p. v. and the co. seat of Madison co., Va., 14 mis. S. W. of Culpepper Court House. Madison, p. o. an.d the co. seat of Boone co., AV. Va. Madison, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 10,033. ^Madison, city in the above tn.,the co. seat and capital of the state ; is beautifully situated on an isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Mo- nona, and at the junction of the Chicago & Northwestern with the Milwaukee & St. Paul and other railroads, 96 mis. W. of Milwaukee and 100 mis. E. of Prairie du Chien. It is ad- mirably located for trade, with rich agricul- tural surroundings, and is rapidly growing in population and business importance. In 1836 It was selected as the seat of government, and is now handsomely built, containing many fine buildings, among which are the Capitol and the University of Wisconsin. The latter stands on an eminence W. of the city. It has; large manufactories, but is chiefly noted as a pleasant and healthy resort, much frequented by tourists and pleasure seekers. Pop. in. 1850, 1,525 ; in 1860, 6,611, and in 1870, 9,176. It has eight newspapers. Madisonburg'ta, p. o. in Wayne co., Ohio. Madlsonburg-h, p. v. in Centre co., Pa., 15' mis. from Bellefonte. Madison Centre, p. v. In Somerset co., Me., 8: mis. from Skowhegan. Madison Cross Roads, p. o. In Madison par- ish. La. Madison Mills, p. o. in Fayette co., Ohio. Madison Mills, p. o. in Madison co., Va. Madison River, in S. W. Mont. Ter.; rises in^ the Rocky Mts., and is one of the source streams of the Missouri R. (See Missouri*R.); Madison Bun Station, p. o. in Orange co.,. Va., on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R. Madison Station, p. v. in Madison co., Ala., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 9 mis. from Huntsville. It is situated in a rich agri-- cultural district. Pop., 1,647. Madison Station, p. o. in Madison co., Miss. MADISONVILE. 530 MAHOPAC. •MndisonTllle, p. v. and the co. seat of Hop- kins CO., Kv., on the Evansville, Henderson & Xash ville R. R., 39 mis. S. of Henderson. Pop., l,0-2'2. One newspaper. Madisonvllle, p. v. in St. Tammany parish. La., 38 mis. from New Orleans. Pop., 398. Madlsonvllle, p. v. in Ralls co., Mo., 20 mis. from Hannibal. IK adisonville, p. v. In Hamilton co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 15 mis. E. of Cincinnati. 9(aliia, Wilmington & Baltimore R. R., 17 mis. S. V[, of Havre de Grace. Magnolia, p. v. in Pike co., IMiss., on the New Orleans, .Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 85 mis. S. of Jackson. Center of a growing trade One newspaper. Magnolia, p. v. in Duplin co., N. C, on the Wilniington & Weldon R. R., 7 mis. from AVar- saw and 48 mis. N. of Wilmington. Magnolia, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio, 3 mis. from Wayncsburgh. Magnolia, p. o. in Nansemond eo., Va. Magnolia, tn. in Logan co., W. Va. Pop., 007. Magnolia, p. o. in Morgan co., W. Va. Magnolia, tn. in Wetzel co., W. Va. Pop., 1.598. Magnolia, tn. in Rock co., SVis. Pop., 1,156. Magnolia, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. W. of Cainvillc on the Chicago & Northwestern R.R. Magnolia Springs, p. o. in Jasper co., Tex. Magoder, tn. in Franklin co., Va. Pop., 1,879. Magoffin, co. iu Kv., E. part. Area about 360 eq. mis. Pop., 4,684 ; in 1860, 3,485. The Lick- ing R. rises in the southern part and inter- sects the CO. from S. E. to N. \v. The surface is hilly, and a chain of mountains form the S. W. boundary. The soil is moderately pro- ductive. Salyersville is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 5,971 bush.; rye, 1,482 bush.; Indian-corn, 174,591 bush.; oats, 17,488 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,660 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,972 bush.; butter, 45,537 lbs.; hav, 480 tons. Cash value of farms, $493,366. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $208,579. Value of manufactures, $28,648. Magnire's Store, p. v. in Washingtori CO., Ark., 10 mis. from Fayetteville. Mahalasville, p. o. in Morgan eo., Ind. Mahano)^, p. o. in Northumberland CO., Pa. Mahanoy, tn. in Schuylkill co., Pa. Pop., 9,400. *Malianoy City, p. borough in the above tn., on the Mahanoy & Shamokin Branch oi Philadelphia & Reading R. R. and Mahanoy & Hazleton Branch of Lehigh Valley R. R., 8 mis. W. of Quaker Junction. Centre of an iron and coal mining region and i-apidly grow- ing iu manufactures and trade. Pop., 5,.533. Mahanoy Plane, p. v. in Schuvlkill co., Pa., on the East Mahanoy & Mine Hill Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 6 mis. from Mahanoy City. Maharg, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. Mahaska, co. in Iowa, S. central part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., 22,508; in 1860, 14,816. The surface is diversified ; the soil exceedingly fer- tile. Stone-coal is abundant. The Indian R. flows through the co. from N. W. to S. E., affording abundant water-power. The Des- Moines intersects the co. in the same direction. Oskaloosa is the co. seat. Agr. productions In 1870 : Wheat, 354,732 bush.; rVe, 4,902 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,861,282 bush.; oats, 197,101 bush.; Irish pot's, 127,145 bush.; sweet pot's, 411 bush.; wool 138,512 lbs.; butter, 582,402 lbs.; hay, 28,132 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,103,998. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- eluding additions to stock, etc., $2,027,540. Value of manufactures, $429,197. Maholm, p. o. in Perry co., Oliio. ^Mahomet, p. v. in Champaign co.. 111., on the Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. R., 9 mis. from Urbana. Pop. about 500. Mahomet, p. o. in Burnet co., Tex. Mahoning, co. in Ohio, E. N. E. part. Area, 403 sq. mis. Pop., 31,001 ; in 1860, 25,894. It is watered mostly by the Mahoning R. The surface is rolling; the soil very productive and under good cultivation. It is intersect- ed by the Mahoning Canal and the Pitts- burgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R. Canfleld is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 Wheat, 175,907 bush.; rye, 11,847 bush.; Indian- corn, 361,439 bush.; oats, 449,385 bush.; Irish pot's, 124,758 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,073 bush.; butter, 963,567 bush.; hay, 45,371 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,288,062. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $2,168,583. Value of manu- factures, $7,313,855. Mahoning, tn. in Armstrong co., Pa. Pop., 1,402. Mahoning, tn. in Carbon co.. Pa. Pop., 1,589. Mahoning, p. v. in Indiana co.. Pa. Mahoning, tn. in Lawrence co., Pa. Pop., 1,598. Mahoning, tn. in Montour Co., Pa. Poi).,l,03C. Mahoning River rises in N. E. Ohio, Portage CO., flows through Trumbull and Mahoning COS., and joins the Beaver R. in Pa. Mahonington, v. in Lawrence co., Pa., on the Erie Extension Canal and the Erie & Pitts- burgh R. R., 214 mis. S. of Newcastle. Cross Cut is the p. o. Mahopac, p. v. in Putnam co., N. Y., 3 mis. W. of Croton Falls. It lies on a beautiful lake of the same name, and near many others, and on account of its pleasant surroundings is much resorted to by travelers and pleasure seekers. MAHOPAC FALLS. 531 MAINE. Sfahopac Falls, p. o. in Putnam CO., N. T., 3 mis. \V. of Mahopac. Mahwah, p. o. in Bergen eo., N. .J. Maiden Creek, tn. in Berks co., Pa. Pop., 1,615. Maiden Creek, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mle. from Blandon. Maiden Roek, tn. in Pierce co., AVis. Pop., 501. Maiden Rock, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Slississippi 11., a mis. below Frontenac. Maiden Sprins, tn. in Tazewell co., Va. Pop., 3. (594. Maidesa Springy, p. o. in the above tn. Maidstone, tn. in Essex eo., Vt. Pop., 254. Maidsville, p. o. in Monongalia co., W. Va. MAIXE, tho,most north-eastern state of the Union; is bounded on the S. by the Atlantic Ocean, on the N. by Canada, on the W. by N. H. and on the B. by New Brunswick. It has an area of 3.5,000 sq. mis., or ii. 400.000 acres. It ex- tends from 43^ 5' to 47° 30' K. lat. and from 66° 50' to 71° W. long., being about 250 mis. long from N. to 8. and 190 mis. wide from K. to W. The sea-coast, though in a straight line, con- tained within about 414° of long., extends with all its bays, indentations and peninsulas over more than 3,000 mis., and is without exception the most broken and irregular of any state of the Union bordering on the ocean. It has a general N. E. and S. W. trend, conforming to the direction of the rock strata found through- out the state, is steep and rocky, and presents innumerable pictiiresriue promontories, mag- nificent island scenery and valuable harbors. At its eastern extremity is Passamaquoddy B., which receives the St. Croix R., separating Me. from New Brunswick, and projects Luliec B. far into the land. Leaving Passamaquoddy B. we double (Juoddy Head, and after a sail of 23 mis. reach Mathias B. Then follows English- man's B., with Rogue and Mistake islands ; Xar- raguagas B., Frenchman's B., with the lofty peaks of Mt. Desert Island, so famous for its grandeur ; Isle Haute B., forming, with Penob- scot B. and Belfast B., the magniflcent estuary of the Penobscot R., and wasliing the shores of Fox Island, Deer Island and Long Island ; Mus- congus B., Damariscotta B., Sheepscott B., the romantic estuary of Kennebec R., Quohog B., Casco B. (with its numberless small islands), Saco B., and, lastly, the wide mouth of the Pis- cataqua R. Surface.— X broad belt of mountain country enters Me. on its western boundary, and trend- ing in a north-easterly direction /ar into New Brunswick, occupies the central portions of the state. This belt is a part of the Appalachian Sys- tem, and more especially of the White Mts. of N. II. It bears numerous peaks of great height, which do not, however, forni continuous ranges, but rather separate groups, often very irregu- larly ariiinged. In Oxford co. there are many summits but little less elevated than Mt. Wash- ington and others of the adjacent state. Farther E. they gradually diminish in height until tl*ey approach the western bank of the Kennebec R., in Somerset co., where the continuity of the belt is broken by the valley of this stream. On its eastern banks the highlands reappear, first in broad swells and Hills, and then again as- sume, in Piscataquis co., the impressive moun- tain size, especially on the northern tributaries of the Piijcataquis R., as in Eberae and Spencer mountains. From Mt. Katahdin (5,720 feet ), the culminating height of tliis part of the high- lands, there is again a gradual falling off, and another break is formed by the valley of the East Branch of the Penobscot. Beyond this river the highlands trend off to the state line of New Brunswick, where Mars Hill (about 2,000 feet high) forms the culminating point. Among the numerous peaks of this last section may be mentioned the " Sugar Loaf," Chase's Mt., Speckled Mt., or Mt. Mattaluck, near Grafton ; Mt. Puzzle, in Hanover ; Mt. Blue, in Avon; Mt. Abram, in Salem, and Saddleback and Bigclow m New Vineyard. North of this highland belt the country grad- ually slopes down to the broad vallev of the R. St. John, while the north-western boundary of Me. IS formed by the range which divides the waters of the St. Lawrence from the Atlantic Ocean, and which is one of the prolongations ot the Green Mts. of Vt. Toward the S. the high- land belt sinks down to the sea-coast. Rivers and Lakes.— Me. is exceedingly well supplied with streams, lakes and ponds. Five prnicipal lake svstems may be distinguished ; tliat is, chains of lakes, connected by rivers and thoroughfares and drained by main channels, which convey their surplus waters to the occai:. The Umbagog chain, consisting of the lakea Umbagog, Wallakenabagog, .A.rgwassnck and Musilla Maguntic, is drained by the Androscog- gin R. This stream rises in the N. W. corner o( the state, near Saddle Hill, flows S., makes a bend into N. H., where it cuts through the high- land belt, then turns E., flowing along the southern base of its highest mountain groups, and turning near Jay, in Franklin co., pursues a soutlierly course to the ocean. ' The Moosehead chain is drained by the Ken. nebec R., which flows in a southerly direction through the state andempties into the sea, hav- ing an estuary in common with the Androscog- gin. The principal affluents of the Kennebec are Dead, Moose, Sandy and Sabasticook Rs. The Penobscot R. drains a larger portion of Me. than any other stream. It is formed by the confluence of the W. and E. branches, v/hich join in Penobscot co. The Western Branch rises in the Laurentian water-shed near the N. W. state line, and has in the main an easterly course, draining Chesuncook Lake, Pemadumcook Lake, and Millinoket Lake. Into the northern extremity of Chesuncook Lake empties the Caucomgomac R., which is the out- let of a lake of the same name. The East Fork rises in the highland belt and has a general course to the S. S. E., draining Mattagomon Lake, and receiving the Sebois R., the outlet of Sebois Lake. The tributaries of the Penobscot R., S. of the junction of the two branches, are the Mattaw.amkeag R. (which receives tlio Baskahegan R. and other outlets of lakes) ; the Piscataquis R., draining Sebec Lake, Otter Pond and Endless Lake ; the Passadumkeag R. and others. Grand R. forms in part the eastern boundary of Me., is the outlet of the Schoodic or Grand Lake series, and empties into Pass.maa nddy B. The fifth and last great lake series is' that of the R. St. John, in the northern portion of the state. This large stream rises near the 46th parallel in Somerset co., and pursues a N. N. E. course under the name of Woolastook R. On striking the state line it receives the St. Fran- cis R., flows to the E. along the boundary, and turning S. intersects New IJrunswick. Its lar- gest affluent in north-western Me. is the Alle- guash, which drains Telos Lake, Chamberlain Lake, Huron Lake, Umsaskis Lake and many- other smaller sheets of water. Fish R., which drains Madavvaska Lake, Cross Lake, Square Lake, Eagle Lake and Long Lake, joins the St. John near Fort Kent, and the Aroostook R-., flowing along the northern base of the highland belt, joins it in New Brunswick. The south-western part of the state is drained by the Saco R., which rises on the sloi>e of Mt. Washington, the highest peak of the AVhite Mts. Its general course through the gorges of the mountains is first southerly, then easterly. At Fryeburg it assumes a S. E. direction. The shorter rivei-s emptying Into the Atlantic Ocean are the following: Tresumpseut R., the outlet of Sebago Pond, in Cumberland co.; Sheepscot R., Union R., draining Hancock co.; Narraguagus R., Pleasant R. and Machias R., which is formed by the East and West branches. MAINE. 532 MAINE. The Superintendent of the Hydrographic Survey of Maine, Mr. "Walter TVells, in his ex- cellent report of 1869, estimates the inland waters— rivers and lakes— to cover a total area of 3,200 sq. nils., and the lakes alone 2,300 sq. mis., or about 1-15 part of the state. Clirtuite and Vegetation. — The climate of Me. is salubrious. The winters are long and often severe, but free from sudden changes. The sum- mers are pleasant and short. At Biddeford, frosts have been observed as early as the 15th of September and as late as the 12th of June. Rarely does the season of plant growth last over four months. Observations made during the year ending on December 1, 1861, at Belfast, in 44° 26' N. lat., gave the following results: Mean annual tem- perature, 42.8^; highest temperature, 85°; lowest, -32°; greatest monthly range of the thermome- ter, 78°. Northerly winds and south-westerly winds were most frequent ; southerly and east- erlv winds least frequent. The mean annual temperature at Fort Kent on the R. St. John is about 37°; at Fort Fair- field, 38°; at Eastport, 43°; at Castine, 43^^°; at Portland, 43 3-20°; at Brunswick and Bath, 44^^°, and at Gardiner nearly 44°. Me. Is one of the best timbered states of the Union, and notwithstanding immense tracts of forest have been cut down, enough is' left to support the lumber business for many years to come. The total forest area has been estimated at upward of 21,000 sq. mis. In the northern part of the state the forests consist chiefly of pine, hemlock and spruce. Deciduous trees, as maple, beech, birch, poplar, elm, etc., occur, but are less abundant than the coniferous trees. Wild animals are not rare in the thinly inhab- ited parts of the state. The moose, caribou, wild-cat and panther are sometimes met with in the northern forests. The other animals are the deer, bear, mink, sable, martin, beaver, woodchuck, raccoon and squirrel. AVild geese and ducks inhabit the lakes and ponds ; pas- senger pigeons, humming birds and other mi- gratory birds make their homes hero during the warm season, and eagles, hawks, owls, etc., are found in all parts of the state. Population. — iii 1790 Maine had 96,540 inhabit- ants; in 1800, 151. no, in 1810, 228,.507 ; in 1820, 298,- 269 ; in 1830, 399,4.55 ; in 1840, 501,719 ; in 1850, 583,- 169 ; in 1860, 628,279, and in 1S70, 626,915. During the last decade the decrease of population was 1,364 or somewhat over 1-5 per cent. The popu- lation is almost entirely white. In 1870 there were but 1,606 colored persons and 499 Indians in Maine. Of the grand total, 578,0.34 were na- tives of the United States, and of these, 549,650 natives of the state. Tlie total foreign-born population was 48,881, including 26,661 natives of British America, 508 of Germany, 3,645 of Eng- land, 1.5,745 of Ireland, and 998 of Scotland. The persons of 10 years of age and over num- bered 493,847 ; of these were engaged in all classes of useful occupations, 208,225, viz.: 80,011 in agri- cultural, 36,092 in professional and personal services, 28,115 in trade and transportation, 62,007 in manufactures and meeiianieal industries. Minerals. — Maine is not a mining state. Fine granite and marble are the chief mineral re- Sources. Slate for rooflng and school purposes is found in the northern part. Agriculture.— "She amount of land in farms was, in 1870, 5,838,058 acres, or 25^4 per cent, of the total area of the state. The number of acres of improved land was 2,917,793 ; of wood land, 2,224,740 acres, and of unimproved farm lands, 695,525. The total number of farms was 69,804, of which 22.889 had from20 to50 acres, and 19,781 from 50 to 100 acres. The cash value of farms was $102,961,951; of farm iniplementSj $4,- 809,113; of farm productions, including additions to stock, $33,470,044; of orchard products, $874,569; und of forest products, $1,531,741. The pi'incipal products were : Spring wheat, 374,593 hush.; winter wheat, 4,200 bush.; rye, 34,- 115 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,089.888 bush.; oats, 2,351, 354 bush.; buckwheat, 466.635 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,771,009 bush.; wool, 1,774,168 lbs.; butter, 11,636, 482 lbs.; cheese, 1,1.52,.590 lbs.; wine, 7,047 galls.; maple sugar, 160,805 lbs.; hay, 1,053,415 tons. The total value of live stock was $23,357,129, and of slaughtered animals, $4,939,071. The live stock included 71,.514 horses, 3;56 mules and asses, 139,259 milch cows, 60,5.30 working oxen, 143,272 other cattle, 434,666 sheep and 45,760 swine. Manufactures. — The immense amount of wa- ter-power atforded by the great fall of the rivers over long distances and the numerous cascades and rapids, gives this state great na- tural advantages for manufacturing. Walter Wells, the Superintendent of the Hydrographic Survey, already quoted, estimates that 1,229,- 200,000-000 cubic "feet of water is annually deliv- ered by the rivers into the sea ; and that their fall in the passage through the state averages 600 feet. Allowing for the amount of water 4,429 horse-power for each foot of fall, he concludes that the gross horse-power afforded to the state in its streams amounts to 2,657,400, which is equivalent to the working force of over 34,000,- 000 men, laboring throughout the year. In 1870 only 70,108 horse-power of water-wheels was utilized, or 1-38 part of the whole amount in the state. The 354 steam-engines had 9,465 horse-power. The number of manufacturing establishments was 5,550 against 3,810 in 1860, employing 49,180 horse-power, or nearly twice as many as in 1860. The total value of products was $79,497,521; the capital invested, $39,796,190, and the wages paid, $14,282,205. The raw materials consumed had a value of $49,379,757. Manufacturing is mostly carried on in the southern part of the state,ana the counties producing the largest amounts of goods were: Androscoggin, $14,016,816; Cum- berland, $16,557,581 ; Kennebec, $7,006,204 ; Penob- scot, $10,556,944, and York, $10,3,50,982. The value of sawed lumber in 1870 was $11,395,- 747, and of planed lumber, $322,375. The cutting of the trees in the forests and the rafting of the timber to the saw mills, which convert it into boards, shingles, etc., is one of the principal in- dustries of Me., and is mostly done in the win- ter, when the felled trees may be drawn over the snow to the rivers, which float it down to the mills on the breaking up of the ice. The manufacture of cotton goods has also assumed of late large dimensions and produced the value of $11,739,781. The value of woollen goods was $6,1.50,620; of boots and shoes, $3,749,710; of car- riages and wagons, $1,051,488; of men's clothing, $2,881,863; of flour and meal, $4,415,998; of forged and rolled iron, $1,591,196; of tanned leather, $3,779,227; of curried leather, $1,082,554 ; of refin- ed sugar and molasses, $3,142,132; of oil fioor- cloth, $1,314,000; and of ship building, repairing and ship materials, $2,358,445. Commerce and Railroads. — The numerous har- bors and inlets along the broken coast give to Me.^jommercial facilities of the first order. The lai'ger streams are navigable from 10 to 50 mis. inland. The imports and exports of the custom districts, in 1871, were as follows : Value of Value of Value of imports, domestic foreign exports, exports. Aroostook $ 95,878 $ $ Bangor 51,094 162,935 450 Bath 182,512 24,934 51 Belfast 21,073 10,200 Castine 1,896 Machias 6,627 135,360 Passamaquoddy... 772,006 694,199 4,45U Portland and Fal- mouth 2,130,138 2,972,401 274,855 ■Waldoborough 15,853 Wiscasset 8,714 13,504 Aggregates $3,285,796 $4,013,533 $279,806 MAINE. 533 MAINE PRAIRIE. The nnmber of sailin;? vessels was 2,694, -whicli had a tonnage of 379,4543^, and the 53 steam ves- sels had a tonnage of 17,568. Me. had, in 1841, 11 mis. of railroads ; inl&iO 245 mis.; in 1856, 429 mis.; in 1862, 505 rals., and in 1872, 871 mis. The following are the principal lines : Atlantic & St. Lawrence R. R., from Port- land to Island Pond. Vt., (149Umls.); Bangor & Piscataquis R. R., (48 mis.); Maine Central R. R main line from Bangor to Danville and from Danville to Cumberland (129 mis.), and leased branches (228 mis.), making a total of 355 mis 0])erated by the company ; European & North American R. R. from Bangor to Vanceboroufh (114 mis.); Knox & Lincoln R. R. (49 mis.); Port- land & Ogdensburg R. R. (60 mis.); Portland & Oxford Central R. R. (27i^ mis.); Portland, Saco A! Portsmouth R. R. (51 mis.); Portland & Ro- chester R. R. (52 mis.), and St. Croix & Penob- scot R. R. (22 mis.). Wealth, Taxation and Indebtedness.— The true value of real and personal estate in 1870 was $348,155,671 ; the assessed valuation of same, $134 - 580,157. The financial condition of the state is highly satisfactory. The receipts for the year 1872 were $1,3.34,860, and the disbursements $1 - 147,044. On the first day of January, 1873, the public debt was $7,187,900 ; and as the sinking fund in the Treasury amounted to $1,020,247 the real indebtedness was but $6,167,653. Thesinkin"- funds are rapidly accumulating and will be amply sufficient to meet the debt as it matures Exclusive of the mill tax, the state tax of 1872 was reduced $50,000 or $60,000 from the pre- vious year ; and could be reduced to five mills on the dollar. The county taxes in 1870 amounted to $315,199 and the co. debt t.'74,153. The taxes of the towns and cities were $3,683,141, and the debts of the same $6,108,344, which were mostly incurred for the purposes of the civil war. Ilducation.— The whole number of scholars between 4 and 21 years of age in 1871 was 228,167; and of these 121 125, or less than half, were regis- tered m the public schools. The average school attendance was 94,429. The numl)er of school- houses was 4,004, inclusive of 158 built durui"- the year. It is a singular and not fully explained fact, that during the last 10 years the number of persons of school age had decreased 15,7o3, while for the same time there had been an increase in the whole population, of 440. The established school tax is $1 for each inhabitant of the state. In 1871 the amount of school money voted was $740,.321, which exceeded the amount i-equired by law by $136,804. There are two normal schools for the train- ing of teachers. The Eastern, at Castine, was opened in 1867 ; the Western, at Parmington, in 1864. The number of academies and private seminaries is nearly seventy. The four col- leges of Maine had, in 1871, 281 students. Bow- doin College, the oldest of these institutions, was organized in 1802, and is located at Bruns- wick. The State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts was estabUshed in 1868, and had, m 1871, 71 students. Maine had, in 1870, 65 newspapers, with a cir- culation of 170,690. The number of daily papers was 7, of weekly 47, of monthly 8, and of quar- terly, tri-weekly and semi-weekly, 1 each. None of the dailies had a circulation of over 5,000 copies. The semi-monthly '-Our Young Folks," published in Augusta, has reached the enor- mous circulation of 330,000; and the "People's Literary Companion," Augusta, of 200,000. The weekly " Transcript," of Portland, has a cii-cu- lation of 18,800. Charitable and Penal InstUutions.— The hos- pital for the insane, at Augusta, was opened in 1840; and the State Reform School, at Cape Elizabeth, has been in operation since 1853. The boys confined In the school are emijloyed on the farm and in shops. " The State Prison is located at Thomaston, and on December, 1872, 164 convicts were con- fined therein. During that year it had paid tue sum of $7,847 over and above its expenses, lo^^"^'^''"'*^"'-""^^^- ■*^'is ^ part of Mass. until J^,-'*-^?7anact of Congres.s, approved on the L"^ March, 1820, it was declared that on and alter the 15th of March, of the .same year, the state of Me. should be admitted into the Union on equiil terms with the original states. The constitution provides that every male citizen of the United States, of the age of 21 years and upward, excepting paupers, persons under guardianship, and Indians not taxed, having his residence established in the state for the term of three months next preceding an election, shall be an elector for Governor, Sena- tors and Representatives in the town or plan- tation where his residende is established. Tlie legislative power is vested in a House ot Representatives and a Senate. The House of Representatives shall consist of not less than 100, nor more than 200, members, to be elected for one year. The Senate shall consist ot not less than 20, nor more than 31, members, to be elected also for one year. The Legislature shall convene on the first Wednesday of Janu- ary, annually. The Governor shall be elected by the quali- fied electors, and shall hold his oflice one year, from the first Wednesday of January. He shall be not less than 30 years of age, a born citizen of the United States, and have been five years a resident of the state. He .shall nominate and, with tlie advice and consent of the Council, ap- point all judicial officers, the attorney general, the sheriffs, coroners, registers of probate, no- taries public, and all other civil and military oflacers whose appomtment is not otherwise provided for. The Council shall consist of seven persons, citizens of the United States, and residents of the state, to advise the Governor in the Execu- tive part of the government. The Councilors shall be chosen annually by joint ballot of the Senators and Representatives in convention. The Secretary of State and the Treasurer shall be chosen annually, at the first session of the Legislature, by the Senators and Representa- tives in convention. The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Judical Court, and such other courts as the Legislature shall, from time to time, establish. All judicial officers hold their offices for the term of seven years. J udges and registers of probate shall be elected by the people of their respective cos., and hold their offices for four years. Judges of municipal and police courts shall be elected by the people of their respect- ive cities or towns, and hold their offices for four shears. Me. is divided into the following 18 cos.: An- droscoggin. Aroostook. Cumberland, Franklin, Hancock, Kennebec, Knox, Lincoln, Oxford, Penobscot, Piscataquis, Sagadahoc, Somerset, Waldo, Washington, York. The state capital is Augusta. The other in- corporated cities are Auburn, Lewistown, Port- land, Hallowell, Rockland, Bath, Bangor, Bel- fast, Calais, Biddeford and Gardiner. Maine, tn. in Cook CO., 111. Pop., 1,803. 9Iaine, tn. in Linn co., Iowa. Pop., 1,262. Maine, tn. in Broome co., N. Y. Pop., 2,035. Maine, p. v. in the above tn., 7mls. from Union, Pop., 303. Maine, tn. in Columbia co., Pa. Pop., 599. Maine, tn. in Marathon co.. Wis. Pop., 694. Maine, p. o. in Marathon co.. Wis. Maine, tn. in Outagamie eo.. Wis. Pop., 101. Maine Avenue, p. o. in Cumberland eo., N.J. Maine Prairie, tn. in Solano co.,Cal. Pop., 761. Maine Prairie, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Vaca on the California Pacific R. E. Pop., 160. Maine Prairie, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 621. > i- 1 MAINE PRAIRIE. 534 MANCHESTER. Blaine Prairie, p. v. in Stearnes co., Minn., 16 mis. from St. Cloud. Haiiie Ranch, p. o. in Bent CO., Colo. Ter. Mainesburgh, p. v. in Tioga CO., Pa., 4 mis. from Maiisliekl. Pop., 212. Mainville, p. o. in Coolc co., 111. Slainville, p. v. in Warren co., Ohio, IJ^mle. from Foster. Pop., 290. Mainville, p. v. in Columbia co., Pa., on the Danville, Hazleton & Wilkesbarre R. E,., 6 mis. from Catawissa. Pop. about 50. Maitland, p. o. in Mifflin co.. Pa. Majenica, p o. in Huntington co., Incl. Majority Point, p. a^ and the co. seal of Cumberland co., 111., a few miles X. of the line of the St. Louis, Terre Haute & Vandalia R. li., 50 mis. S. W. of Terre Haute. One newspaper. Mitkanda, tn. in .Jackson co.. 111. Pop., 1,680. ^Makanda, p. v. in the above tn., on the Uli- ■ nois Central R. E., 8 mis. S. of Carbondale. Makon, v. in Huntington co., Ind., on Little R. and Wabash & Erie Canal. Makee, tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,784. Malade €itli, p. v. and the co. seat of Oneida CO., Itlaho Ter., 50 mis. N. of Corinne, Utah Ter. Pop., 591. Malaga, p. v. in Gloucester CO., N. J., on the West Jersey R. R. Malaga, tn. in Monroe co., Ohio. Pop., 1,577. Malaga, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from S)iencer. Pop., 114. Malaka, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 1,010. MalakofJT, p. o. in Henderson co., Tex. Malooin, tn. in Poweshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 804. *Malcom, p. y. in the above tn., on the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 60 mis. E. of Des Moines and about the same distance W. of Iowa City. A new and thriving place with one newspaper. Maiden, p. v. in Bureau co., 111., on the Chica- go, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 17^ mis. S. W. of Mendota. Maiden, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 7,367. Maiden, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Maine R. R.,6 mis. N. of Boston. It con- tains several large nsanufactories, and is an important suburban town. Three newspa- pers. Maiden, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., on the Hud- son R., 2 mis. N. of Saugerties. Maiden, tn in Kanawha co., W. Va. Pop., 3,190. Maiden Bridge, p. v. in Columbia co., X. Y., 2 mis. from Chatham. Malheur River, in S. E. Oregon, is a tributary of the Snake R., and rises in the Blue Mts., Grant co., flows E. through Baker co., and ■"'empties below AViser Ranch, Idaho Ter. Mallet Creek, p. o. of the v. of York, in Medina CO., Oliio, 14 mis. from Berea. Mallory, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 945. Mallory, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., 5 mis. from Central Square. Mallory's Ford, p. o. in Orange co., Va. Malone, tn. in Tazewell co.. 111. Pop., 710. Malone, p. v. in Clinton co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division Chicago & Northwestern R. R. Malone, tn. in Pranklin co., N. Y. Pop., 7,186. '"'Malone, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Western Division of Vermont Central R. R., 57 mis. S. W. of Rouse's Point. Has several manufactories and considerable trade. Two newspapers. Malone, tn. in St. Croix CO., Wis. Malonc's Store, p. o. iu Jackson co.. Ark. Malta, tu. in De Kalb Co., 111. Pop., 1,157. ''^Malta, p. V. in the above tn., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 29 mis. W. of Geneva. Malta, p. o. in Putnam CO., Ind. Malta, tn. in Saratoga CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,212. Malta, p. o. in the v. of Dunning Street, in the aijove tn., 2 mis. from East Line. Malta, tn. in Morgan co., Ohio. Pop., 1,6-25. '''Malta, p. v. in the above town., on the Musk- ingum R., 3 mis. N. of McConnellsville. Pop., 513. One newspaper. Malta Bend, p. v. in Saline co., Mo., on the Missouri R. Maltaville, p. o. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Malngin Orove, p. v. in Lee co.. 111., near the Chicago & Rock River Branch of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. *Malvern, p. v. in Mills co., Iowa, on Burling- ton & Missouri River R. R., 35 mis. S. W. of Council BlulTs. A new town with an active trade and rapidly growing. Pop. about 700. One newspaper. Malvern, p. v. in Carroll co., Ohio, on the Tuscarawas Branch of the Cleveland & Pit'js- bnrgh R. R., 8 mis. from Bayard. Pop., 269. Mamakting, tn. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pop., 4,866. Mainaroneek, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 1,483. Maniaroneck, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York & New Haven R. R., 22 mis. E. N. E. of New York. Mainell, tn. in Craighead co.. Ark. Pop., 496. Manack, p. o. in Lowndes co., Ala. Manada Hill, p. o. in Dauphin co., Pa., 12 mis. from Harrisburgh. Manaliawkin, p. v. in Ocean co., N. J., on the Tucker ton R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Tuckerton. Pop., 689. Manalapan, tn. in Monmouth co., N. J. Pop., 2,286. Manalapan, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ereehokl & Jamesburgh R. R. Manainnskin, p. o. in Cumberland co., N. J. Mananah, p. v. in Meeker co., Minn., 18 mis. from Litchfield. Manassas, tn. in Prince William co., Va. Pop., 1,64."). ^Manassas, p. v. in the above tn., on the Orange, Alexander & Manassas R. R., 34 mis. from Washington. Manata'tvny, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. Manatee, co. in Fla., S. E. part. Area, 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 1,931 ; in 1860, 854. The surface is low and level, the soil not very productive. It is bounded on the W. by Gulf of Mexico, on the N. W. by Tampa B. and on the S. by Caloo- sahatchee R. The central part is intersected by creeks flowing into Charlotte Harbor. Manatee is the co. se.at. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 12,727 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,6.52 bush.; cotton, 26 bales ; rice, 71,452 lbs. Cash value of farms, S26,858. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $48,196. Manatee, p. v. and tlieco. seat of Manatee co., I'la., on the Manatee R. Manchae, v. in East Baton Rouge parish. La., on the Great Jackson Route, 37 mis. N. of New Orleans. Manchaug, p. V. in Worcester co., Mass., 434 mis. from Whiten's Station. Manchester, tn. in Clarke co.. Ark. Pop., 770. Manchester, tn. in Dallas co., Ark. Pop., 574. Manchester, p. o. in Mendocino co., Cal. Manchester, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop., 4,3'23. Manchester, p. v. in the above tn., on the Providence, Hartford & Fishkill R. R., 23 mis. fi-om Willimantic. It has large manufactories of ginghams, hosiery, printing and bank note paper. Manchester, p. v. in Scott co.. 111., on the Jacksonville Division of the Chicago & Alton R. R , 17 nils, from Jacksonville. Blanchestcr, tn. in Boone co., 111. Pop., 1.144. Manchester, tn. in Bearborn co., Ind. Pop., 2,029. Manchester, p. v. in the above tn.,5 mis. from Guilford. ^Manchester, p. v. in Delaware co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of Illinois Central R. R., and on the Maquoketa R., 47 mis. W. of Dubuque, Engaged largely in manufactures. Pop., 1,492. Two newspapers. MANCHESTER. 535 MANISTEE RIVER. Mancliester, p. v. and. the co, seat of Clay co., Ky., 23 mis. from Fish Point. Bfaiicbester, tn. in Kennebec CO., Me. Pop., 732. Mancliester, p. v. in the above tn.,4 mis. from Augusta. jllancbester, p. v. in Carroll co., Md., on Park- ton & Manchester R. R., about 30 mis. N. W. of Baltimore, and IS^^mls. from Reisterstown Station, in an iron-producing region. Pop., 755. One newspaper. Hancbester, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 1.6(35. Slancbcstcr, u. v. in the above tn., on the Gloucester Bi-anch of the Eastern K. E, , 7mls. K. of Beverley. Manchester, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 2,516. Maiicbester, p. v. in the above tn., on the Jackson Branch of the Lake Shore and Michi- San Southern R. R., at intersection with letroit, Hillsdale & Indiana R. R., 25 mis. N. of Adrian. Growing rapidly in population, manufactures and trade. One newspaper. Mancbester, tn. in Freeborn co., Minn. Pop., 701. Mancbester, p. v. in St. Louis co.. Mo., 10 mis. from Kirkwood. *Maiiebester, city in Hillsborough co., N. H., on Merriinac R., at N. W. terminus of Man- chester & Lawrence, W. terminus of Ports- mouth, E. terminus of Manchester & North Weare, and S. terminus of Concord R. Rs., 52 mis. W. by X. of Boston and 18 mis. S. of Con- cord. It is cligiblj' situated on the river, whose immense water-power is utilized for the manufacture of cotton and woollen goods. Pop., 23,536; in 1S60, 20,068; in 1850, 13,885, being the largest city in the state. Five newspapers. Maiicbester, tn. in Ocean co., N. J. Pop., 1,102. Mancbester, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Jersey Southern R. R., 41 mis. from Sandy Hook. Mancbester, tn. in Passaic co., N. J. Pop., 1,166. Manchester, tn. in Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 3,546. Manchester, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mle. from Shortsville. Manchester, p. o. in Cumberland co., N. C. Manchester, tn. in Adams co., Ohio. Pop., 982. Manchester, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ohio R., 72 mis. S. E. of Cincinnati. Has con- siderable river commerce. Pop., 942. One newspaper. Mancbester, tn. in Morgan co , Ohio. Pop., 712. Manchester, V. in Summit co.,Ohio, 3 mis. from Clinton. The p. o. is Nimisila. Manchester, tn. in Yoi-k co.. Pa. Pop., 2,427. Manchester, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mle. S. W. of Mount Wolf on the Northern Central R. R. Pop., 406. Manchester, tn. in Wayne co., Pa. Pop., 1,269. Manchester, v. in Alleghany co., Pa., on the Ohio II. and the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R.,3 mis. below Alleghany city. The p. o. is Woods Run. Manchester, p. v. in Sumter district, S. C, on the Wilmington and Weldon R. R., 14 mis. N. of Kiugsville. Manchester, p. v. and the co. seat of Coffee CO., Tenn., on the McMinnville & Manches- ter R. R., 12 mis. N. E. of TuUahoma. Has excellent water-power and several manufac- tories. Pop. about 500. One newspaper. Manchester, tn. in Bennington co., Vt. Pop., 1,897. ♦Manchester, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Harlem Extension R. R., 30 mis. S. of Rutland. One newspaper. Manchester, tn. in Chesterfield co., Va. Pop., 5,043. Mancbester, p. v. In Chesterfield co., "Va., on James R., opposite Richmond. Has flouring mills and cotton and tobacco factories. Pop., 2,599. Mancbester, tn. in Green Lakeco.,Wis. Pop., 1,140. Mancbester, p. v. in the above tn., 17 mis. N. of Cambria. Mancbester, tn. in Jackson CO., Wis. Pop., 421. Manchester Brldse, p. o. in Dutchess CO., N. Y. Manchester Centre, p. o. in Ontario co., N. Y. Manclana, p. o. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Mandarin, p. v. in Duval CO., Fla., on the St. John's U. Mandeville, p. o. in St. Tammany parish, La. Mandevllle, p. v. in Carroll co., Mo., 15 mis. from Carroliton. Mandota, p. o. in Washington co., Va. Maiigaska, tn. in Martin co.. Minn. Pop., 141. Mangohick, tn. in King William co., Va. Pop., 2.362. Mangohick, p. o. in the above tn. Mang-nin, p. o. in Richmond co., N. C. Manhasset, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., 3 mis. N. E. of Little Neck. Manhattan, tn. in Will CO., 111. Pop., 922. Manhattan, p. v. in Putnam co., Ind., 2}^ mis. from Keelsville. Manhattan, p. o. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Manhattan, tn. in Riley co., Kans. Pop., 1,969. *Manhattan, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Kansas Pacific R. R. and at the junction of Big Blue and Kansas Rs., 80 mis. W. of Lawrence ; in an agricultural and graz- ing section. Pop., 1,173. Three newspapers. Manhattan, tn. in Lucas co., Ohio. Pop., 1,394. Manhattanville, v. in New York co., N. Y. Manheiin, tn. in Herkimer co., N. i. Pop., 2,000. Manheini, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa., Pop., 2,603. Manheim, p. borough in the above co., at the junction of Reading & Columbia R. R. with Pine Grove R. R., 10 mis. N. W. of Lancaster. In the midst of a rich agricultural and mining section Pop., 1,122. One newspaper. Manheini, tn. in Yorkco., Pa. Pop., 1,159. Manedoivish River, a tributary of the Chip- pewa R. in Wis.; issues from a small lake in Marathon co., flows S. W. and empties in Chi]ipewa co. Manilla, p. v. in Rush co., Ind., on the Cam- bridge City Branch of the Jeffersonville, Madi- son & Indianapolis R. R;, 10 mis. W. by S. of Rushville. Pop., 16.3. Manistee, CO. in Mich., N. W. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 6,074 ; in LS60, 975. The surface is level ; the soil fertile. The S. part is trav- ersed by Great Manistee R., which empties into Lake Michigan ; INIanistee Lake is in the S. W. corner, and Bear Lake in the W. part. Manistee is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5,107 bush.; rye, 821 bush.; Indian- corn, 10,509 bush.; oats, 4,743 bush.; Irish pot's, 29,360 bush.; wool, 183 lbs.; butter, 12,730 lbs.; hay, 565 tons. Cash value of farms, ,$229,100. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $85,- 868. Value of manufactures, $1,717,312. Manistee, tn. in Manistee co., Mich. Pop., 3,614. *Manistee, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Lake Michigan, at the mouth of Ma- nistee R., 60 mis. N. W. of Paris. Largely en- gaged in the lumber trade. Pop., 3,343. Two newspapers. Manistee River, in the southern penisula of Mich.; rises in Antrim co., and flowing S. in- tersects Otsego, Crawford and Kalkasca cos., then turning W. intersects Wexford and Ma- nistee COS., emptving within the limits of the latter into Lake Michigan. MANISTIQUE RIVER. 536 MANSFIELD CENTRE. Hanifstiqao River rises in Schoolcraft co., in the northern peninsula of Mich., flows S., draining the E. section of the CO., and empties in Delta eo. into Lake Michigan. Mnnito, tn. in Mason CO., 111. Pop., 1,352. *]?I»iiito, p. V. in the above tn., on the Peoria, I'ekiu & Jacksonville B. K., 22 mis. from Peoria. Pop., 375. manitou, p. o. in El Paso co., Colo. Ter. Manitou, co. in Mich. Pop., 891 ; in 1860, 1,042. This CO. emhraces the islands in the N. part of Lake Michigan, including Beaver Island, Garden Island, High Island, North Manitou Island and South Manitou Island. Their sur- face is i-ough and the soil but moderately productive. St. James is the co. seat. Cash value of farms, $-25,510. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $22,99'1. Manitowoc, co. in Wis., E. part. Area, 625 sq. mis. Pop., 33,364 ; in 18(50, 22,416. The sur- face is broken and well timbered ; the soil is a fei'tile, claj'cy loam. Manitowoc 11. inter- sects the CO., emptying into Lake Michigan, wliich borders the co. on the E. Manitowoc Is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 517,146 bush.; rye, 42,881 bush.; Indian- corn, 2,865 bush.; oats, 386,759 bush.; Irish pot's, 108, 180 bush.; butter, 575,319 lbs.; hayL26,937 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,029,669. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,458,135. Value of manufactures, $2,311,542. *Manitowoc, p. v. and co. seat of Manitowoc CO., Wis,, on Lake Michigan, at the mouth of Manitowoc R., and on ^Visconsin Central R. R., 30 mis. S. E. of Fort Howard and 90 N. of Milwaukee. Its harbor is a safe and com- manding one, and it is engaged extensively In ship-building and the lumber trade. Pop., 5,168. Five newspapers. Manitowoc Rapids, tn. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Pop., 1,016. Manitowoc Rapids, p. o. in the above tn. Manitowoc River, a small tributary of Lake Michigan ; rises in Calumet co.. Wis., and intersects Manitowoc co., emptying near the city of Manitowoc, Wis. Mankato, tn. in Blue Earth CO., Minn. Pop., 4,754. *Mankato, p. v. in the above tn., and the co. seat, on the Minnesota R., also on St. Paul & Sioux City R. B., at its junction with AVinona, Mankato & New Ulm R. R., 131 mis. W. of Winona. Enjoys a growing trade with an agricultural district, and has several manu- factories. Pop., 3,482. Three newspapers. Manlius, tn. in Bureau co.. 111. Pop., 973. Manlius, p. o. in Bureau co.. 111. Manlius, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 2,463. Manlius, tn. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., 541. Manlius, v. in the above tn., 14 mis. from Allegan. Manilas, tn. in Onondaga CO., N. Y. Pop., 5,833. Manlins, p. v. in the above tn., 5]^ mis. S. of Manlius Station. Pop., 879. Manlius Center, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal and 1 mle. S. ot Manlius Station. Pop., 100. Manlius Station, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., on the New York Central B. B., 1% mis. E. of Syracuse. Pop., 200. Manly ville, p. v. in Henry co., Tenn., 5 mis. from Big Sandy. Mannanah, tn. in Meeker co., Minn. Pop., 375. Mann borough, p. o. in Amelia co., Va. Manning:, p. v. and the co. seat of Clarendon district, S. C, 27 mis. W. of Kingstree. Pop. about 700. One newspaper. Manniug'ham, p. o. m Butler co., Ala. Mannington, tn. in Salem co., N. J. Pop., 2.351. Mannlngton, tn. in Marion co., W. Va. Pop., 2,924. Manington, p. v. in Marion co., W. Ya., on Baltimore & Ohio B. B., 39 mis. N. W. of Graf- ton. Pop., 411. Manonln, tn.in Anoka co., Minn. Pop., 103. Mann's Choice, p. o. in Bedford co.. Pa. Mansfield, Mount, the loftiest peak of the Green Mts. in Vt.; is 4,348 ft. above the sea level. It is reached from Stowe in Lamoille CO. As seen from this village it presents the appearance of the profile of a human face, the S. pk. being the forehead, the middle pk. the nose, and N. pk. the chin. The Summit House a commodious hotel, stands at the base of the nose. Mannsville, p. o. in Taylor co., Ky. ^Mannsville, p. v. in Jelferson co., N. Y., ou the Rome, VVatertown & Ogdensburgh B. B., 52 mis. N. of Borne. Pop. about 800. Mannsville, p. o. in Perry co.. Pa. Mannville, p. o. in Brown co., Kans. Mannville, p. o. in Sumter district, S. C. Manny, p. v. and the co. seat of Sabine parish, La., 46 mis. W. of Colfax. Manoniin, p. o. in Anoka CO., Minn. Manor, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 4,371. Manor, p. o. of the v. W'ashington borough, in tlie above tn., 3 mis. S. of Columbia. Pop. of borough, 673. Manor, p. o. In Travis co., Tex. Manor ]>ale, p. o. in A\restmoreland co.. Pa. Manor Hill, p. o. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Manor Kill, p. v. in Schoharie co., N. Y., 27J4 mis. from Catskill. Manor Station, p. v. in Westmoreland co., Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central B. B., 5)4 mis. W. of Greensburgh. Manorsville, p. v. in Armstrong co., Pa., on the Alleghany Valley B. B. and on the Alle- ghany B., 114 mle. S. of Kittanning. Pop., 330. Manorville,'p. v. in Suflblk co., N. Y., on the Long Island B. B., 65 mis. from Hunters Point. Manquin, p. o. in King William co., Va. Mansfield, tn. in Tolland co., Conn. Pop., 2,401. Mansfield, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. E. of Mansfield Depot. Has manufactories of cotton and woollen goods, sewing silk, ma- chinery, iron castings, etc. Mansfield, p. o. in Piatt co., 111. Mansfield, p. v. in Parke co., Ind., 7 mis. from Catlin. Mansfield, p. v. in Linn co., Kans., 8 mis. from Barnard. Mansfield, p. v. and the co. seat of De Soto parish. La., 35 mis. S. of Shreveport ; in the midst of an extensive cotton and corn pro- ducing section. Pop., 813. One newspaper. Mansfield, tn. in Bristol co., Mass. Pop., 2,432. Mansfield, p. v. in the above tn., on the Taun- ton Branch B. B. Mansfield, p. o. in Freeborn co., Minn. Mansfield, tn. in the above co. Fop., 379. Mansfield, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 2,880. Mansfield, tn. in Warren co., N. J. Pop., 1,997. Mansfield, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y'. Mansfield, tn. in Cataraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1,13.5. *Mansfield, city in Bichland co., Ohio, and the CO. seat, at junction of Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago B. B., Atlantic & Great Western B. B. and Lake Erie Division of Bal- timore & Ohio B. B. It is eligibly situated in a rich farming district, and is an important shipping and manufacturing point. Pop., 8,029 ; in 1860, 4,528. Three newspapers. Mansfield, p. borough in Tioga co.. Pa., on the Corning & Cowanesque B. R., Antrim & Tioga B. lis., 10 mis. N. of Blossburg. Pop., 610. One newspaper. Mansfield, p. o. in Tariant co., Tex. Mansfield, p. o. in Louisa co., Va. Mansfield Centre, p. v. in Tolland CO., Conn., 4 mis, from Willimantic. MANSFIELD DEPOT. 537 MAEAK, Mansfield Depot, p. v. in Tolland co., Conn., on the New London Northern R. R., 38 mis. N. of New London. Mansfield Talley, p. v. in Alleghany co., Pa., on the Pittsburgh. Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 8 mis. from Pittsburgh. Pop., 750. Manson, p. o. in Clinton co., Ind. Manson, p. v. in Calhoun co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R., 54 nils, from Dubuque. Pop. about 350. Manson, p. v. in Warren co., N. C, at the junction of the Raleigh & Gaston R. R. with the Roanoke Valley R. R., 54 mis. from Raleigh and 43 mis. from Gaston. Mansnra, p. v. in AvoyeUes parish, La., 6 mis. from Marksvllle. •Manteno, p. v. in Kankakee co., 111., on the Chicago Branch of Illinois Central R. R., 47 mis. S. of Chicago. Manteno, p. o. in Shelby co., Iowa. Manteo, p. o. and the co. seat of Dare co., N. C, on Roanoke Island. MantI, p. V. in Fremont CO., Iowa, on the Nebraska City Branch of Burlington & Miss- ouri River R. R., 10 mis. N. E. of Hamburg. Manti, p. v. and the co. seat of San Pete co., Utah, 21 mis. S. E. of Nephi. It lies on a small affluent of the San Pitch R. Pop., 1,239. Manton, p. o. in Wexford co., Mich. Man ton, p. o. in Maries co., Mo. Manton, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., 4 mis. from Providence. Mantorville, tn. in Dodge co., Minn. Pop., 1,969. Mantorville, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Winona & St. Peter's R. R., 15 mis. AV". of Rochester. Pop., 622. One news- paper. Mantna, tn. in Monroe co., Iowa. Pop., 1,1S5. Mantua, tn. in Gloucester co., N. J. Pop., 1,897. Mantna, p. v. in the above tn., on the West Jersey R. R., 10 mis. from Camden. Mantna, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. Pop., 1,126. Mantua, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. from Mantua Station. Mantua, v. and station on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., in West Philadelphia, Pa. Mantua, tn. in Lancater co., Va. Pop., 1,608. Mantua, p. o. in Collin co., Tex. Mantua Mills, p. o. in Baltimore co. Md. *Mantua Station, p. v. in Portage co., Ohio, on the Mahoning Division of Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 36 mis, from Youngstown. Pop. about 150. Mannnka €tiunk, v. in Warren co., N. J., on the Delaware R., and at the junction of tlie Belvidere Division of the Pennsylvania R. R. with the Delaware, Lackawnna & Western R. R.. 9S mis. N. of Philadelphia. Manville, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ind. Manville, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., on the Providence and Worcester R. R., 12 mis. from Providence. Pop. about 125. Maple, tn. in Monona co., Iowa. Pop., 345. Maple, p. V. in Ionia co., Mich., 4 mis. from Pewamo. Maple, p. o. in Brown co., Ohio. Maple City, p. o. in Cowley co., Kans. Maple Creek, p. o. in Dodge co.. Neb. Maple Creek, p. o. in Carroll Co., Tenn. Maple Creek, tn. in Outagamie co., Wis. Pop. 631. Maple Glen, p. v. in Scott co., Minn., 8 mis. . from Shakopee. Maple Orove, p. o. in Cherokee co., Ala. Maple Grove, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Dak. Ter. Maple Grove, p. o. in Edwards co., 111. Maple Grove, p. o. in Clay co., Kans. Maple Grove, p. o. in Trigg co., Ky. Maple Grove, j). o. in Aroostook co.. Me. Maple Grove, tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop., 1,328. Maple Grove- p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Nashville. Maple Grove, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., .505. Maple Grove, tn. in Hennepin co., Minn. Pop., 1,014. Maple Grove, p. o. in the above tn. Maple Grove, p. o. in Otsego co., N. Y. Maple Grove, p. o. in Fayette co., Pa. Maple Grove, tn. in Manitowoc co., Wis. Pop., 1.147. Maple Grove, p. o. in the above co. Maple Hill, p. o. in Wabaunsee co., Kans. Maple Hill, p. o. in Montcalm co., Mich. Maple Hill, p. V. in Oswego co., N. Y., 4 mis. N. E. of Wiliiamstown. Maple Hill, p. o. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Maple lepot, p. v. in Huntingdon «»., Pa., on the Pennsylvania Canal and the Penn- sylvania Central R. R., 3 mis. W. of Mt. Union. Mapleto^ivn, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Maple Valley, tn, in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 4fi2. Maple Valley, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop,, 335. > Maple«'Valley, p. o. in Montcalm co., Mich. Mapleville, p. o. in Dodge co., Nebr. Mapleville, p. v. in Providence co., R. I,, 10 mis. from Woonsocket Station. Maplewood, p. o. in Cook co.. 111. Maplewood, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Sausjfus Branch of Eastern R. R. Maple Works, p. o. in Clark co.. Wis. Maquoketa, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 2,827. ^Maquoketa, p. v, in the above tn., on the Maquoketa R., at the junction of the Iowa Midland R. R., with Davenpoi't & St. Paul R. R., 45 mis. N. of Davenport and 38 mis. from Clinton. It has manufactories. Pop., 1,756 Two newspapers. Maqnon, tn, in Knox CO., 111. Pop., 1,426. Maquon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Gales- burgh & Peoria Division of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 37 mis. li'om Peoria. Marak, p. o, in Brown co., Kans. MARAMEC. 538 MARIA'S PASS. Maramec, tn. in Crawford co., Mo. Pop., 907. Marainec, tn. in Dent co., Mo. Pop., 374. Maraiiiec, tn. in Franklin co., Mo. Pop., 1,480. 9Iarauiec, tn. in Jefferson co., Mo. Pop., •2,7t;4. 9Iarainec, tn. in Phelps co.. Mo. Pop., 1,048. Slarauiec, p. v. in tlie above tn., 10 nils, from L>illon. IHCarainec, tn. in St. Louis co., Mo. Pop., 3,436. Maraiuec River, a tributary of the Missouri 1{. in Mo.; rises in Dent co., flows 2s. E. tlirough Phelps, Crawford and if^ranklin cos., then forms the boundary between St. Louis and Jefferson cos., and empties N. of the v. of Jefferson. Marathon, tn. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pop., 9S6. >IaratIiou, p. o. in the above tn. Slaratbou, tn. in Cortland co., N. Y. Pop., 1,011. Slaratlion, p. v. in the above tn., on the Syracuse, Bingliamton & New York R. R., 30 Hds. from Bingliamton and 50 mis. from Syracuse. Has an extensive trade in dairy products. Pop., 871. One newspaper. Slarattaon, p. v. in Clermont co., Ohio, 15 mis. from Milford. marathon, co. in "\Vis.,N. part. Area 3,900 sq. mis. Pop., 5,S85 ; in IStiO, 2,892. It borders on the upper peninsula of Michigan. Tliere are many small lakes in the K. part. Tlie AVisconsin R. rises also in tlie N. part and traverses the co. from N. to S. The surface is generally level and well timbered. Wausau is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 35,327 bush.; rye, 1,478 bush.; Indian- corn. 131 bush.; oats, 70,482 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,164 bush.; hay, 2,843 tons. Cash value of farms, $592,540. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including atlditions to stock, etc., $138,942. Value ot maimfacturos, $592,900. marathon, tn. in the above co. Pop., 344. Marathon €ity, p. o. in Marathon co.. Wis. Marble, tn. in Madison co.. Ark. Pop., 338. Marble, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Huntsville. Marble, tn. in Saline co., Ark. Pop., 493. Marble, p. o. in Franklin co., Tenn. Marble, p. o. in Waupacca co., Wis. Marble Dale, p. v. in Litchlleld co., Conn., 614 mis. from New Milford. Marble Furnace, p. o. in Adams co. Ohio. Marblehead, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 7,703. ♦Marblehead, p. v. in the above tn., on the Marblehead Branch of Eastern R. R., 4 mis. S. K. of Salem. Engaged in shoe manufactur- ing and tishing. One newspaper. Marblehead. p. v. in Ottawa co., Ohio, G mis. from SaiKluskj City. ♦Marble IIlll, p. v. and the co. seat of Bol- ■ linger co.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Moun- tain R. R., 135 mis. S. of SI. Louis, and in a mining and lumbering region, tj^o news- papers. Pop. about 800. Marble Kidg:e, p. v. in Sauk co., Wis., 15 mis. from ijOiie Rock. Marble Kuck, p. v. in Floyd co., Iowa, on the Burlmglun, Cctlar Rapitls & Minnesota R. R., 41 nils, from Cedar Falls. Pop. about 400. Marbletown, p. o. in Fulton co.. 111. Marbletowu, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 4,22.}. Marbletown, p. o. in the above tn. Marble Valley, p. o. in Coosa co., Ala. Marbut's, p. o. in Giles co., Tenn. Marcella Falls^, p. o. in Lawrence CO., Tenn. Mfircelline, p. o. m Adams CO., 111. Slarcellon, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 920. Marcellon, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Partleeville. Marecllus, tn. in Cass CO., Mich. Pop., 1,2.55. Marcellus, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pen- insula R. R., 14 mis. from Cassopolis. Marccllns, tn. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,337. Marcellns, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. S. of Marcellus Station. Pop., 428. Marcellus Falls, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., l]4 nils. S. of Marcellus Station. Pop., 140. Marcellus Station, v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., on the Central R. R., 10 mis. W. of Syra- cuse. Marchand, p. v. in Indiana co.. Pa., 21 mis. from Indiana. Marco, p. v. in Greene co., Ind., on the In- dianapolis & Vincennes R. li., 15 mis. S. \V. of AVorthiugton. Marcus, p. o. in Jackson co., Ga. Marcus, p. v. in Cherokee co., Iowa, on the Illinois Central R. R., 88 nils, from Fort Dodge. Marcy, p. o. in La Grange co.,In9. MariaTille, p. v. in Schenectady co., N. Y., 12 mis. from Schenectady. Slaricopa Wells, p. v. in Pima co., Ariz., 50 nils, from Florence. Pop., 68. Maries, co. in Mo., S. central part. Pop., 5,916 ; ill 1860, 4,901. The surface is broken and generally covered with heavy timber. Beds of iron, lead and copper ores have been found. The soil of the valleys is productive ; that of the uplands is poor. The co. is drained by Gasconade R. and Maries Cr. Vienna is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 79,243 bush.; rye, 4,003 bush.: In- dian-corn, 163,479 bush.; oats, 72,075 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,877 bush.; sweet pot's, 96 bush.; tobac- co, 17,672 lbs.; butter, 41,633 lbs.; hav, 1,426 tons. Cash value of farms, $910,452. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $.342,565. Value of manufactures, $37,806. Marie Saline, tn. in Ashley co., Ark. Pop., 450. ►Marietta, p. v. and the co. seat of Cobb co., Ga., on the Western & Atlantic R. R., 20 mis. N. W. of Atlanta, in an agricultural and graz- ing region. Pop., 1,888. One newspsiper. Marietta, p. v. in Fulton co.. 111., 314 iuls- N. W. of Seville on the Toledo, Peoria & War- saw R. R. Pop., 110. Marietta, p. o. in Shelby co., Ind. Marietta, tn. in Marshall co., Iowa. Pop., 1,005. Marietta, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Marshalltown. Marietta, p. o. in Prentiss co.. Miss. Marietta, p. o. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Marietta, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop., 4,208. ♦Marietta, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Ohio R., at the mouth of Musk- ingum R., and at the terminus of Marietta & Cincinnati R. R. Center of an extensive com- merce by both the Ohio and Muskingum Rs., and has several important manufactories. Pop., 5,218 ; in 1860, 4,259. Four newspapers. Marietta, p. borough inLaucaster co., Pa., on the Susquehanna R., and on Columbia Branch of Pennsylvania Central R. R., 3 mis. X. of Co- lumbia and 14 mis. W. by N.of Lancaster. There are several large iron furnaces in the vicinity, and It is the center of an active lumber trade. One newspaper. Pop., 2,397; in i860, 2,040. Marietta, p. o. in Greenville district, S. C. Marietta, tn. in Crawford co.. Wis. Pop., 452. Marietta, p. o. in the above tn. Marilla, p. o. in Manistee co., Mich. Marllla, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 1,804. Marilla, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. W. of Aldeu Center. Pop., 250. Marin, CO. in Cal., W. part. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 6,903 ; in 1860, 3,334. It comprises the peninsula between the Pacific Ocean and the jB. of San Pablo. On its Avestern shore there are the long and narrow Touiales B., Drakes B., and BaulinesB. The greater part of its surface is covered with hills and moun- tains, which inclose numerous narrow but fertile valleys. Mt. Tamal Pais, the culminat- ing peak in the rugged chain which traverses the CO. from N. W. to S. E., is over 2,000 feet high. Large herds of cattle are fed upon the rich grazing lands of the valleys and hills ; auO. this CO. produces more butter and cheese than any other in the state. Tokeluma Cr. and San Antonia Cr. are the largest streams. On the banks of the former there' are situated Boveral large paper mills. San Rafael is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 57,880 bush.; rye, 1,070 bush.; Indian-corn, 320 bush.; oats, 297,744 bush.; Irish pot's, 157,245 bush.: wool, 6,692 lbs.; butter, 2,107,755 lbs.; hay, 12,054 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,5.32,313. Total, 'estimated, value of all farm productions, in- eluding additions to stock, etc., $1,625,171. Value of manufactures, $322,896. Marina, p. o. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Marindal, p. o. in Yankton co.. Dak. ♦Marine, p. v. In Madison co., 111., 5 mis. N. of St. .Jacob. It is surrounded by a* highly pro- ductive farming district. Pop., 858. Marine, p. o. in Lewis co., Ky. Marine, tn. in Washington co., Minn. Pop., I.(i98. *Marine City, p. v. in St. Clair co., Mich., on St. Clair R., 8 mis. S. of St. Clair. Has much local trade. Pop., 1,240. *Marine Mills, p. v. in Washington co., Minn., 12 mis. from Stillwater. Mariners' Harbor, p. v. in Richmond co., N. Y., 6^x< mis. from Vanderbilt Landing. Marinette, tn. in Oconto co.. Wis. Pop. 1,.3.^4. Marinette, p. v. in the above tn., on Green B., at mouth of Menomonee R. and on the Wis- consin Division of Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 57 mis. K. of Green B. Has an exten- sive lumber trade and one newspaper. Marion, co. in Ala., N. W. part. Area, about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 6,069 ; in 1860, 11,182. The sur- face is rolling and has a general slope toward the S. W. The soil is fertile. The Buttahat- chee R., a tributary of the Tombigbee, is the largest stream. Bear Cr., an affluent of the Tennessee, intersects the N. E. corner. Pike- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 5,10Sbush.; rye, 383 bush.; Indian-corn, 90,429 bush.; oats, 2,644 bush.: Irish pot's, 5,0(!6 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,516 bush.; butter, 25,335 lbs.; cotton, 463 bales. Cash value of farms, $80,438. Total, estimated, value of all farm Ijroductions, Including additions to stock, etc., $149,365. Value of manvifactures, $18,000. Marion, co. in Ark., N. part. Area, 945 sq. mis. Pop., 3,979 ; in 1860, bU92. The White R. enters the co. at its N. W. corner, and inter- sects it in a very tortuous course. It receives crooked Cr. and Buffalo Fork. The surface is hilly, and' except the river valleys quite elevated. Lead and a beautiful yellow mar- ble are the most important mineral resour- ces. Yellville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 12,522 bush.; Indian-corn, 115,169 bush.; oats, 4,121 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,906 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,010 bush.; tobacco, 19,361 lbs.; cotton, 302 bales. Cash value of farms, $149,545. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $204,441. Value of manufactures, $36,375. Marion, p. v. and the co. seat of Perrv co., Ala., on the Selma, Marion & JMemphis R. R., 25 mis. N. W. of Selma. Seat of several flour- ishing educational institutions, and has an active trade. Pop., 2,646. One newspaper. Marion, tn. in Bradley co.. Ark. Pop., 248. Marlon, v. and the co. seat of Crittenden co., Ark., 7% nils, from Memphis, Tenn. Marion,''tn. in Drew co., Ark. Pop., 2,100. Marion, tn. in Sebastian co.. Ark. Pop., 1.315 Marion, tn. in Lawrence co., Ark. Pop., 440. Marion, tn. in Ouachita co.. Ark. Pop., 643. Marion, tn. iii Phillips co., Ark. Pop., 735. Marlon, tn. in AVhile CO.. Ark. Pop., 38-2. Marion, p. v. in Hartford co., Conn., 1 mle, from Hitchcock's Station on the New Have" & Northampton R. R., 20 mis. N. of New Haven. Marion, co. in Fla., central part. Area, S3i) sq. mis. Pop., 10,804 ; in 1860, 8,609. The surface is varied and the soil but partially productive. The CO. contains several lakes. Withlacoo- ehee R. bounds it on the S. W. and St. John's R., which expands into Lake George. Ocala is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: MARION. 540 MARION. Oats, 3,355 bush.; Indian-corn, 129,595 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,248 bush.; sweet pot's, 23,9t)8 busli.; cotton, 3,429 bales; rice, 500 lbs. Cash value of fai'tns, $828,795. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including attdi- tions to stock, etc., $8(52,896. Value of manu- factures, $8,560. Blarioit, co. in Ga., W. part. Area over .500 sq. nils. Fop., 8,000 ; in 1860, 7,390. The surface is level and mostly covered with forests. The ■western part is drained by Juniper Or. and Pine Knob Cr., affluents of the Chattahoochie R.; the eastern part by Richland Cr. and Kinchafoone Cr., affluents of the Flint R. Buena Vista is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 9,523 bush.; rye, 564 bush.; In- dian-corn, 163,298 bush.; oats, 1,589 bush.; Irish pot's, 594 bush.; sweet pot's, 20,967 bush.; cot- ton, 5,439 bales ; butter, 15,050 lbs.; hay, .356 tons. Cash value of farms, 8578,295. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $767,934. Value of manu- factures, $41,300. nCarion, co. iu 111., S. central pai-t. Area, 525 sq. anls. Pop., 20,622; in 1860, 12,739. The surface consists mostly of prairies. It is drained by tlie Skillett Fork of the Little Wabash, an"d by other Crs. The Ohio & Mississippi 11. R. passes through it from E. to AV., and the Illinois Central R. R. passes through its western part from N. to S. Salem is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions iu 1870: Wheat, 173,652 bush.; rye, 14,517 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,034,057 bush.; oats, 389,446 bush.; Irish pot's, 37,689 bush.; sweet pot's, 2.004 bush.; butter, 81,014 lbs.; hay, 21,242 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,611,010. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,563,866. Value of manufactures, $935,046. Marion, tn. in Lee co., 111. Pop., 1,007. Slarion, tn. in Ogle co.. 111. Pop., 1.030. *Mariow, p. v. and the co. seat of Williamson CO., III., on the Marion & Carbondale R. R., 18 mis. E. of Carbondale. An eligibly situated and thriving place, with a population of near- ly 1,000, and two newspapers. MiVrion, co. in Ind., central part. Area, 420 sq. mis. Pop., 65,296; in 1860,39,855. The northern l)art of the co. is rolling and 'even hilly ; the remainder is level. White R. and I'all Cr. are the principal streams. The soil is uniformly rich. Ten railroad lines intersect at or start from lndianapolis,the state capital and theco. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 613,267 bush.; rye, 2,103 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,305,988 bush.; oats, 78,246 bush.; Irish pot's, 220,885 bush.; sweet pot's, 3.580 bush.; butter, 378,963 lbs.: hay, 17,464 tons! Cash value of farms, $19,398,062. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,811,844. Value of manufactures, $16,- 642,105. IKarion, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 1,319. Marion, tn. in Boone co., Ind. Pop., 1,786. Blarion, tn. in Decatur co., Ind. Pop., 2,315. *Marion, p. v. and the co. seat of Grant co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. and on Mississincwa R., 41 mis. S. W. of Logansport and in the midst of an agricultu- ral and fruit-growing country. Pop., 1,658. Three newspapers. Marion, tn. in Hendricks CO., Ind. Pop., 1,263. Marion, tn. in .Jasper co., Ind. Pop., 1,629. Marion, tn. in Jennings co , Ind. Pop., 1,200. Marion, In. in Lawrence co., Ind. Pop., 3,006. Marion, in. in Jlonroe co., Intl. Pop., 372. Marion, tn. in Owen CO., Ind. Pop., 1,767. Marion, tn. in Pike co., Ind. Pop., 1,428. Marion, tn. in Putnam co., Ind. Pop., 1,453. Marion, tn. in Shelbv co., Ind. Pop., 949. Marlon, co. in Iowa, S. central part. Area, 573 sq. mis. Pop., 24,436 ; in 1860, 16,813. The sur- face is rolling and the soil productive. Iron is found along the banks of the Des Moines K., which intersects the co. from N. W. to S. E., and affords abundant water-power. The Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. passes through the co. Knoxville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 374,414 bush.; rye, 88,230 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,110,900 bush.; oats, 189,331 bush.; Irish pot's, 1.52,763 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,926 bush.; wool, 88,820 lbs.: butter, 499,1.53 lbs.; hay, 21, .522 tons. Cash value Oi farms, $S,376,.';i)0. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,355,831. Value of manufactures, $105,316. Marion, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,066. Marion, tn. in Davis co., Iowa. Pop., 79S. Marion, tn, in Haniilton co,, Iowa. Po)5., 885. Marion, tn. in Henry co., Iowa. Pop., 1,371. Marion, tn. in Leo co., Iowa. Pop., 1,3.35. Marion, tn. in Linn co., Iowa. Pop., 3,8.54. *Marion, p. v. in tlie .above tn. and the co. seat, on the Dubuque & Southwestern R R., 6 mis. N. ^ of Cedar Rapids ; in a rich agricultural district. Pop., 1,822. Three newspapers. Marion, tn. in Marshall co., Iowa. Pop., 853. Marion, tn. in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 1.124, Marion, co, in Kans., central part. Area, 500 sq. nds. Pop., 768 ; in I860, 74. The surface is mostly prairie land and the soil productive. It is drained bv Cottonwood Cr., an affluent of the Neosho R., which rises in the W. part of the CO. and intersects it from X. W. to S. E. The Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R. passes through the southern part. Marion Center is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 7,722 bush.; Indian-corn, 20,827 bush.; oats, 1,879 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,814 bush.; sweet pot's, 63 bush.; butter, 12,745 lbs.; hay, .3,555 tons. Cash value of farms, $185,760. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $95,728. Value of manufactures, $3,450. Marion, tn. in Bourbon co., Kans. Pop., 1,182. Marion, tn. in Doniphan co.. Kans. Pop., 658. Marion, tn. in Douglas co., Kans. Pop., 879. Marion, p. o. in the above tn. Marion, co. in KJ^, central part. Area, 335 sq. mis. Pop., 12,838; in ISfiO, 12,.593. The sur- face is undulating ; the soil generally fertile. It is drained by affluents of Salt R. and inter- sected bv the Louisville & Knoxville R. R. from N. W. to S. E. Lebanon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheal, 92,.530 bush.; rj-e, 19,073 bush,; Indian-corn, 39.5,170 bush.; oats, 72,812 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,676 bush.'? sweet pot's, 5,136 bush.; tobacco, 132,293 lbs.; butter, 193,397 lbs.; hay, 3,274 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,530,976. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc, $1,015, 252. Value of manufactures, $.520,149. Marion, p. v. and the co. seat of Crittenden CO., Ky., 30mls. W. of Madisonville. Pop., 102. Marion, p. o. in Union parish. La. Marion, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 213. Marion, p. o. in the above tn. Marion, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop., 896. Marion, p. v. in the above tn., near the Fair- haven IJranch R. R., 11 mis. from New Bed- ford. Marion, tn. in Charlevoix co., Mich. Pop., 302. Marlon, tn. in Livingston co., Mich. Pop., 1,111. Marion, p. o. in the above tn. Marion, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 66.5. Marion, tn. in Olmstead co., Minn. Pop., 929. Marion, p. v. in the above tn., Sl4 mis. from Rochester. Marion, co. in Miss., S. part. Area about 1,190 sq. mis. Pop., 4,211 ; in 1860, 4,636. It bor- ders, in the S., on La. and is Intersected by the Pearl R. The N. E. corner is di-ained by Black Cr., an affluent of the PasoagouUi, li. The surface is low and level ; the soil mostly sandy. Columbia is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 69,691 buah.; MARION. 541 MARION. oats, 1,33S busb.; Irish pot's, 344 busb.; sweet pot's, 22,268 bush.; cotton, 793 bales ; butter, 13,164 lbs. Cash value of farms, 8-21S,966. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $198,325. Marion, co., Mo., N. E. part. Pop., 23,780; in 18(/0, 18,838. It borders on the Mississippi R. and is drained by the North and South Fabius Rs. The surface consisits chiefly of rolling prairies, interspersed with well timberetl valleys. The Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. in- tersects the CO. from K. to W. Palmyra is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 230,812 bush.; rve, 8,621 bush.; Indian-corn, 303,256 bush.; oa'ts, 158,715 bush.; Irish pot's, 25,936 bush.; sweet pot's, 318 bush.; tobacco, 33,438 lbs.; butter, 22,700 lbs.; hay, 10,212 tons. Cash value of farms, !!i5,412,.^89. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., .$899,262. Value of manufact ures, $2,447,102. Marion, tn. in Buchanan co.. Mo. Pop., 1,697. Marion, tn. in Christian co., Mo. Pop., 473. Marion, tn. in Cole Co., Mo. Pop., 1,108, Marion, p. o. in the above tn. Marion, tn. in Dade co.. Mo. Pop., 414. Marion, tn. in Daviess co., Mo. Pop., 1,321. Marion, tn. in Grundy co.. Mo. Pop., 2,284. Marion, tn. in Harrison co.. Mo. Pop., 2,567. Marion, tn. in Jasper co.. Mo. Pop., 3,964. Marion, tn. in Mercer co., Mo. Pop., 1,006. Marion, tn. in ]Monroe co.. Mo. Pop., 2,107. Marion, tn. in Xcwton co., Mo. Pop., 1,166. Marion, tn. in Uzark co., Mo. Pop., 74.5. Marion, tn. in Polk co.. Mo. Pop., 2,489. Marion, tn. in St. Francois co.. Mo. Pop., 854. Marion, tn. in Wayne co., N. Y. Pop., 1,967. *Marion, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Palmyra. Pop., 4^-2. Marion, p. v. and the co seat of McDowell co., N. C, on the W estern North Carolina R. R. Marion, co., in Ohio, central part. Area, 360 sq. mis. Pop., 16,184; in 1860, 15,490. It is drained by the Seiota and Whetstone Rs. The surface is generally level and the soil good. The Atlantic & Great Western R. R. and the Cleveland, Columbus & Cincinnati R. R. pass through the co. Marion is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: W beat, 285,019 bush.; rye, 3,090 bush.; Indian-corn, 6a5,291 bush.; oats, 196,639 bush.; Irish pot's, 53,720 bush.; sweet pot's, 108 bush.; butter, 439,226 lbs.; hay, 29,062 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,317,109. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,685,801. Value of manufactures, $643,388. Marion, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop., 2,920. Marion, tn. in Clinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,.592. Marion, tn. in Fayette co., Ohio. Pop., 743. Mariosi, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop., 990. Marion, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 671. Marion, tn. in Henry CO., Ohio. Pop., 513. Marion, tn. in Hocking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,561. Marion, tn. in Marion co., Ohio. Pop., 3,486. *Marion, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, ou the Atlantic & Great Western and Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indian- apolis R. lis., 45 mis. N. of Columbus. In ac- tive trade with surrounding agricultural neighborhood. Pop. ,2,531. Two newspapers. Marion, tn. in Mercer co., Ohio. Pop., 1,876. Marion, tn. in Morgan co., Ohio. Pop., 2,074. Marion, tn. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,733. Marion, tn. in Pike co., Ohio. Pop., 813. Marlon, co. in Oreg., N. W. part. Pop., 9,965; ill 1860, 7,088. It extends from the lofty crest of the Cascade Mts. in the F. to the" Willa- mette R. in the W. The valley of this stream contains land of the greatest fertility, and is the only settled portion of the co.; the remain- der is rough ami mountainous. Salem is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 232,091 bush.; rj'c, 1,279 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,078 bush.; oats, 164,087 bush.; Irish pot's, 37,464 bush.; sweet pot's, 150 bush.; wool, 51,169 lbs.; butter, 70,838 lbs.; hay, 3,405 tons. Cash value of farms, .$1,937,458. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $417,834. Value of manufac- tures, $689,488. Marion, p. o. in Marion co., Oreg. Marlon, tn. in Beaver co.. Pa. Pop., 307. Marion, borough in Indiana co.. Pa., 12 mis. N N. E. of Indiana, the co. seat. Pop., 310. Marlon, tn. in Berks co., Pa. Pop., 1,440. Marlon, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 850. Marlon, tn. in Centre co., Pa. Pop., 823. Marion, p. v. in Franklin co.. Pa., on the Cum- berland Valley R. R.,40 mis. from Carlisle. Pop. about 100. Marion, tn. in Greene co.. Pa. Pop., 1,349. Marlon, district in S. C, E. part. Area, 1,110 sq. mis. Pop., 22,160; in 1860, 21,190. The Lit- tle Pedee, or Lumber, R. forms the south- eastern boundary ; Lynche's Cr. the south- western. The Great Pedee R. intersects and drains the district. The surface is generally level and the soil fertile,though sandy, Marion Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,390 bush.; rye, 1,159 bush.; Indian-corn, 190,326 bush.; oats, 11,412 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,805 bush.; sweet pot's, 58,103 bush.; cotton, 6,910 bales ; rice, 415,382 lbs.; butter, 19,164 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,445,276. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,147,392. Value of manufactures, $158,319. Marlon, p. o. in Angelina co., Tex. Marlon, co. in Tenn., S. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 6,841 ; in 1860, 6,190. It is bounded on the S. by Ala., and intersected by the Ten- nessee R., which receives the Sequatcliee R. The Cumberland Plateau occupies the W. part of the CO.; Wallen's Ridge the E. part. The soil of the valleys is very productive. Jasper is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 28,134 bush.; rye, 1,979 bush.; Indian- corn, 265,100 bush.; oats, 27,989 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,504 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,662 bush.; tobacco, 17,487 lbs.; butter, 64,742 lbs.; hay, 224 tons. Cash A'alue of farms, $989,080. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- clutliug additions to stock, etc., $199,367. Value of manufactures, $45,622. Marlon, co. in Tex., E. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 8,502; in 1860, 3,977. The sur- face is generally level ; the soil is fertile. Lit- tle Cypress Cr. and the western part of Caddo Lake form the S. boundary : Big Cypress Cr. flows through the co. from W. to F. Jeffer- son is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 73,118 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,140 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,345 bush. Cash value of farms, ,$412,591. Total, estimated, value of all farm prodvictioiis, including additions to stock, etc., $126,023. Value of manufactures, .$756,250. M.arion, tn. in Smyth co., Va. Pop., 3,779. ^Marion, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Holston R. and the Virginia & Tennessee Division of the Atlantic, Mississip- pi & Ohio R. R., 25 mis. W. by S. of W vtheville. In a mining and agricultural section. Pop., 368. One newspaper. Marlon, co. in \V. Va., N. part. Area about 480 sq. mis. Pop., 12,107; in 1860, 12,722. The West and East Branches of the Monongahela R., flowing from S. to N., unite neur the cen- ter of the CO. and receive numerous small af- fluents. The surface is rolling and the soil excellent. The Baltimore & Oliio li. R. inter- sects the CO. Fairmont is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 26,53s bush.; rye, 1,109 bush.; Indian-corn, 63,643 bush.; oats, 29,- 819 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,493 bush.; sweet pot's, 45 bush.; butter, 22,927 lbs.; hay, 3,780 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,440,408. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $134,811. Value ot manufactures, $334,080. MARION. 542 IklARLVILLE. Marlon, tu. in Grant co., Wis. Pop., G75. Marion, tn. ih .luneau co., Wis. Pop., '284. Marion, tn. in Waushara co., Wis. Pop., 5(J5. *Marion Centre, p. v. and tlie co. seat of Marion co., Kans., on Cottonwood li., IG nils. W. of Cottonwood Falls. In an agricultural region. One newspaper. Marion Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of Marion district, S. C., on the Wilmington, Columbia & Augusta 11. R., ilO mis. K. by N. of Columbia. An important cotton mart. Pop., i)t)8. Two newspapers. Marion Station|, p. v. in Lauderdale co., ^liss., on the Mobile & Ohio U.K., 13 mis. from I^auderdale. Pop. about 250. *MarionviHe, p. v. in Lawrence co., Mo., 2 mis. from Logan. Pop., 272. Marionville, p. o. in Forest CO., Pa. Mariposa, co. in Cal., E. part. Pop., 4,572; in 1860, (i.243. It is boundeil on tlie E. by the principal crest of the Sierra Nevada, and thence slopes gradually down to the low plain of the San Joaquin R. on the W. Mt. Hoff- mann and Cathedral Pk. rise on the range, or spur, of the high Sierra, which separates it from Tuolumne co. The principal stream is the Merced 11., which traverses the co. ivom. E. to W. Bear Cr., Mariposa Cr. and Chow- chilla II. drain the southern part. The upper course of the Merced li. flows through the "i'o Semite Valley, justly celebrated for the gradeur of its scenery. (See Yo Semite Valley.) Xear Crane's Flat, 30 mis. S. E. of Mariposa, is a grove of mammoth trees (Sequoia gigan- tea), about 427 in number and from 275 to 325 ft. in height. There is but a limited amount of arable land in Mariposa, and gold mining is still the chief occupation. But as the mines yielded formerly a much larger amount of the precious metals, the majority of the towns have considerably declined in size and pojju- lation, and the mining camps, once busy and populous, are now nearly deserted. Maripo- sa is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,275 bush.; rye, 90 bush.; Indian-coni, 455 bush.; oats, 3.50 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,712 bush.; sweet pot's, 100 bush.; wool, 87,810 lbs.; butter, 8,200 lbs.; hay, 2,400 tons. Casli value of farms, $34(;,500. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1)95,330. \alue of manufactures, $264,226. *Mari|>osa, p. v. and the co. seat of Mariposa CO., Cal., on Mariposa K., 90 mis. S. E. of Stock- ton and 135 mis. S. E. of San Francisco, on the route to the Yo Semite Valley andin themidst of a rich mining region. Pop. about 1,000. One newspai)er. Marii>o>>a, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 407. Marii>o>«a Kiver, a tributary of the San Joa- quin U. in Cal.; rises in Mariposa co. and flows througii Mercetl co. Marissa, p. v. in St. Clair co., 111., on the Belle- ville & Southern Illinois Division of the St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute K. K., 8 mis. from New Athens. Marit's, p. o. in Morrow co., Ohio. Mark, tn. in Detiance Co., Ohio. Pop., oOo. Markclsville, p. v. in Perry co.. Pa., VA mis. from \(!wport. *MarUcsan, p. v. in Green Lake co., Wis., 14i^ mis. \V. of Brandon. Market I^ake, p. o. in Oneida co., Idaho Ter. MurkltaiBi Station, p. v. in Fauquier co., \'a., 1)11 tlie Manassas Branch of tin; Orange, Alexandria & Manassas U. it., 05 mis. S. W. of Alexmndiia. Poji. al)out 2.50. Marklc, p. o. in Huntington co., Ind. *Marklee\'ille, p. v. in Alpine co., Cal., 6J^ mis. from Silver Mt. Markle^bur^', v. in Huntingdon co., Pa., on the Huntingdon & Broad Top li. II., 11 mis. from lluMtmgdon. Pop. about 400. MarUieviHe, 13. v. in Madison CO., Ind., 7 mis. from Pendleton. Pop., 83. Markleysbnrgli, p. o. in Fayette CO., Pa. Marksborou^li, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., 11 mis. from Waterloo. Marksville, p. v. and the co. seat of Avoyelles parish. La., near Bed li., about 29 mis. \V. of Ked lliver Landing. It is the seat of a consid. erable trade in cotton, sugar and the produce of the surrounding country. Pop., 437. Two newspapers. Marksville, tn. in Page co., Va. Pop., 2,208. Marksi'ille, p. v. in tlie above tn., 30 mla, from Timberville. Mark West, p. v. in Sonoma co., Cal., on the San Francisco & North Pacifle li. K., 63 mis. N. of San Francisco. Pop. about 75. Marlborough, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 5^r2. Marlborong^h, tn. in Stark co., Ohio. Pop., 1,870. Marlboron^b, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop.. 470. Marlborough, p. v. in the above tn., 9 rals. S. of Andover. Marlborong^h, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 8,474. *Marl borough, p. v In the above tn., on the Boston, Clinton &Fitchburgh li. li., 32 mis. W. of Boston. It has manufactories of shoes. One newspaper. Marlborough, tn. in Cheshire co., N. II. Pop., 1,017. Marlborough, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cheshire li. ii., Siimls. from Fitchburgh. Marlborough, tn. in Monmouth CO., N. J. Pop., 2,231. Marlborough, p. v. in the above tn., i mis. from Freeliolil. Marlborough, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 2,975. Marlborough, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Xew Hamburgh. Marlborough, p. o. in Pitt co., N. C. Marlborough, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio, 5 mis. from liinui. Marlborough, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Marlborough, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop.. 1,303. Marlborough, district in S. C, N. E. part. Area, 505 sq. mis. Pop., 11,814 ; in 1860, 12,4;M. The Little Pedee R. and Crooked Cr. intersect and drain the co. The Great Pedee washes the south-western border. The surface is level and the soil productive. Bennettsville istheco.seat. Agi'.proiluctions in 1870: AVheat, 6,321 bush.; rye, 447 bush.; liulian-corn, 1.58,088 bush.; oats, 20,748 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,200 bush.; sweet pot's, 42,356 bush.; cotton, 8,843 bales ; rice, 17,677 lbs.; butter, 10,827 lbs. Cash value of fiirms, $1,505,200. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,172,464. Value of manufacj- tures, $84,742. Marlborough, p. o. inCaiToU co., Tenn. Marlborough, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 6ci5. Marlborough, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. frt)in Brattleljorough. Marlborough Depot, p. v. in Cheshire co., X. 11., , o. in Madison CO., N. C, Marshland, p. v. in Richmond CO., N. Y., 2 nils, from liltingville. Marshland, p. o. in Columbia CO., Oreg. Marshton. p. o. in Bon Homme co., Dak. Ter. Marsh Valley, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans. Marshville, p. o. iu Oceana co., Mich. Marshville, p. o. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Marshville, )). o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Marston's Mills, p. v. in Barnstable CO., Mass., ,1 nils, from West Barnstable. Martoll, tn. in Pierce CO., Wis. Pop., 717. Martell, p. v. iu the above tn., 8 mis. from Lllsworth. Martelle, p. o. in Jones co., Iowa. Martha Furnace, p. v. in Centre co., Pa., on the Bald Eagle Vallev Branch of the Pennsyl- vania Central R. R., 14)^ mis. S. W. of Miles- burgh. MarthasTille, p. v. in Warren co., Mo., 15 mis. from Warreuton. Pop., 178. Martha's Vineyard, an island belonging to Mass., and forming the larger part of Dukes CO.; lies S. of Barnstable co., from which it is separated by Vineyard Sound. It is 21 mis. long and from 3 to 10 mis. wide. Marthaville, p. o. in Natchitoches parish, La. Martie, tn. iu Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 1,926. MartiCTillc, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. W. of Lancaster, amid rich agricultural sur- roundings. Pop. about 500. Martin, v. in Wilcox co., Ala., on the New Or- leans & Sclma R. R., 21 mis. S. W. of Selma. Martin, tn. in Pope co.. Ark. Pop., 300. Martin, tn. in Crawford co., 111. Pop., 1,099. Martin, tn. in McLean co., 111. Pop., 687. Martin, co. in Ind., S. W. central part. Area, 340 sq. mis. Pop., 11,809; in 1860, 8,975. The surface is rolling or hilly. The co. is inter- sected by the White R., which receives Lost R. The soil of the river bottoms is very pro- ductive. The Ohio & Mississippi R. R. passes through the co. Dover Hill is the co. seat. Agr, productions in 1870: Wheat, 102,288 bush.; rye, 4,591 bush.; Indian-corn, 360,680 bush.; oats, 72,394 bush.; Irish pot's, 21,5SS bush.; sweet pot's, 602 bush.; butter, 120,481 lbs.; hay, 3,247 tons. -Cash value of farms, $2,106,140. Total, estimated, s:alue of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stocks, $617,928. Value of manufactures, $388,899. Martin, new co. in Ivy., E. part. It is bounded on the E. by the Tug Fork of the Sandy R., •which separates it from W. Va. The surface is mountainous and well timbered. Warfleld is the CO seat. Martin, tn. in Allegan co , Mich. Pop., 963. MarAin, p. v; iu the above tu., on the Grand 35 Rapids & Indiana R. R., 17 mis. fi-om Kalama- zoo. Pop. about 4'50. Martin, co. in IMinn., S. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. Pop., 3,867; in 1800, 151. It borders on Iowa ; has a rolling surface, and is drained by small tributaries of the Blue Earth R. Nu- merous lakes are distributed over it. The Southern Minnesota R. R. passes through the CO. Fairmont is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 99,565 bush.; rye, 12 bush.; Indian-corn, 39,149 bush.; oats, 10"7,042 bush.; Irish pot's, 25,094 bush.; butter, 114,473 lbs.; hay, 11,689 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,073,- 755. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $258,080. Value of manufactures, $18,820. Martin, co. in N. C, E. part. Area aliout 530 sq. mis. Pop., 9,647 ; in 1860, 10,195. The Roa- noke R. forms the northern boundary. The surface is low and iu some parts swampy. The soil is productive. W^illiamston is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,175 bush.; rye, 50 bush.; Indian-corn, 206,384 bush.; oats, 3,264 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,820 bush.; sweet pot's, 47,799 bush.; cotton, 3,6o7 bales; butter, 1,810 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,061,956. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $518,026. Value of manufactures, $63,000. Martin, p. o. in (Ottawa co., Ohio. Martin, p. o. in Green co., Wis. Martindale, p. o. in Coffey co., Kans. Martindale, p. o. in IMecklenburgh co., N. C. Martindale Depot, p. v. in Columbia eo., N. Y., on the New I'ork & Harlem R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Hillsdale. *Martinez, p. v. and the co. seat of Contra Costa CO., Cal., on Suisun B., 23 mis. N. E. of San Francisco. Pop., 560. Martin's BluflT, p. o. in Clarke CO., Wash. Ter. Martinsbnrg'h, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop.,1,466. Marti nsburs'll, p. o. in the above tn. Martinshurg'h, p. v. in Washington co.,Ind., 4 mis. from Bekin. Pop., 123. Martinsburg'h, p. v. in Keokuk co.,Iowa, 5 mis. from Butler. Martinsburg'h, p. o. in Monroe co., Ky. Martinsbnrg'h, p. v. in Audrain co., Mo., on. the St. Louis, Kansas Citv & Northern R. R. 95 mis. W. N. W. of St. Louis. Pop. about 350. Martinsburgli, tn. in Lewis co., N. Y. Pop.,, 2,282. ♦Martinsbnrgh, p. v. in the above tn., and the CO. seat, on Black R. and on the Utica & Black River R. R., 54 mis. N. of Utica. Martinsbnrg'b, p. v. in Knox co., Ohio, 5 mis. E. N. K of Utica. Martinsburgh, p. v. in Blair co.. Pa., on the HoUidaysbuigh & Morrison's Cove Branch of Pennsylvania Central R. R., 22 mis S. of Altoona. Is a flourishing place lying in a rich valley of the Alleghany Mts. Pop., 536. ^Martinsburgh, p. v. and the co. seat of Berkeley co., ^V. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio B. R., 19 mis. W. of Harper's Ferry. Seat of R. R. repair shops, and has an active trade. Pop., 4,863. Three newspapers. Martin's Corner, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Martin's CreeU, p. v. in Northampton co., Pa., 2 mis. N. W. of Martin's Creek Station, N. J. Martin's Creek Station, v. in Warren eo., N. J., on the Delaware It. and on the Belvi- dere, Delaware & Flemingtou R. R., 7 mis. N. of Philipsburg. The p. o. is Brainard's. Martins Cross Boads, p. o. in Calhoun co.,. Ala. Martin's I>epot, p. o. in Laurens district, S. C. Martin's Ferry, p. o. in Klamath co., Cal. *Martiu's Ferry, p. v. in the tn. of Martins- ville, Belmont co., Ohio, on the Ohio River Division of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 22 nils. S. W. of Steubenville. Conimanda considerable trade with agricultural sur- roundings. Pop., 1,835. One newspaper. MARTIN'S LIME KILNS. 546 MARYLAND. Martin's lilme Kilns, p. o. in Stokes co., N. C. Martin- s Station, p. o. Pulaski CO., Va. Martin'f^ Store, p o. in Hamilton CO., 111. Marti nstown, p. o. in Putnam co.. Mo. MartiuttTille, tn. in Clark co., 111. Pop., 1,572. Martia<«ville, p. v. in Clark co., 111., on the St. Louis, Vandalia & Tcrre Haute R. R., 29 mis. tiom Terre Haute. Oue newspaper. Pop. about .')00. Martinsville, p. o. in Waj^^ne co., Mich. Martinsville, p. o. in Copiah co.. Miss. Martinsville, p. o. in Harrison co., Mo. 'Jlartinsville, p. v. and the co. scat of Moi'- gan CO., Ind., on White R. and on the India- napolis & Vincennes R. R., 30 mis. S. S. W. of Indianapolis. Has important manufactories and a large trade with an agricultural neigh- borhood. Pop., 1,131. Two newspapers. Martinsville, p. v. in Somerset co., N. J., 4 mis. X. K. ofSomerville. Martinsville, p. o. in the v. of Sawyer's Creek, Niagara co., N. Y., on the Buffalo & Lockport Branch of the New York Central R. R., 14 mis. N. E. of Buffalo. Martinsville, p. v. in Clinton co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 51 mis. K. N. E. of Cincinnati. Pop., 264. Martinsville, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Martinsville, p. o. in Spartanburgh district, s. c. Martinsville, p. o. in Nacogdoclies co., Tex. Martinsville, tn. in Henry co., Va. Pop., 3,1J7. Martinsville, p. v. in the aboTe tn. and the CO. seat, on Smith's R., 25 mis. W. N. VV. of Danville. Martinton, tn. in Iroquois co., 111. Pop., 866. Martinville, p. o. in Grant CO., Wis. Martville, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., on the Southern Central R. B., 5 mis. from Fair Haven. Pop., 126. Martz, p. V. in Clay co., Ind., 14 mis. from Hart- ford. Marvell, p. v. in Bates CO., Mo., 12 mis. from Butler. Marvel, p. o. in Phillips CO., Ark. Marvin, p. o. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Marvin, p. o. in Henry co., Mo. Marvinvillc, p. o. in Yell co.. Ark. Mary Ann, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 804. Marydell, p. v. in Caroline co., Md., on the Maryland & Delaware R. R., 14 mis. S. S. W. of Clayton, Del. Mary Esther, p. o. in Santa Rosa co., Fla. 3IAKYI>AND, one of the thirteen original states of the Union ; is bounded on the N. by Pa., on the E. by Del. and the Atlantic Ocean, and on the S. and AV. by Va. and W. Va. It ex- tends from 37^ 43' to 39° 44' K. lat., and from 75° 10' to 79° 30' W. long. The area is 11,124 sq. mis., or 7,119,360 acres, exclusive of the part of Chesa- peake B. which belongs to the state. Chesa- peake B. and the Susquehanna R. intersect Md. from N. to S. and divide it into two unequal portions. The Potomac R. sweeps along the southern boundary of the western part, and as its course is irregular and curving, the width of the state from N. to S. varies between 3 mis. and 120 mis. (SiM/ttce.— That portion of the state which lies S. E. of a line drawn from the Susquehanna R., where it intersects the northern boundary, to the Potomac R., 10 mis. above Washington, is, on the whole, undulating or level, and but little elevated above the sea. This is the " tidal country," and embraces the region on both sides of Chesapeake B., measuring somewhat over oue-half of the are?, of the state. It be- longs to the great tertiary i)lains of the Atlan- tic. Its soil is sandy anil contains large deposits of marl and clay. 'Deep tiilal creeks penetrate far into the country, and they, as well as the larger streams which empty into the Chesa- peake B., have generally wide estuariea. Beyond the line above indicated, and extend- ing as far as the South Mt., which mav be con- sidered as a prolongation of the Blue Ridge of Va., the country is hilly and broken, and in- cludes ipicturesque and fertile valleys. PaiT's Mt. and other low ranges traverse it from N. E. to S. W. Ei-ona the South Mt., which abuts on the Poto- mac R. at Harper's Ferry, to the western bound- ary, Md. is traversed by the mountain ranges which enter it from Pa., and have a N. N. E. and S. S. W. trend. Washington co., Ij'ing be- tween South Mt. and Tuscarora Mt., is a part of the Cum1)erland Valley, rich in agricultiii"al resources and charming scenery. Beyond the Tuscarora the mountains are higher and the valleys narrower. The western section of th« state is intersected by several ranges of the Al- leghany Mts., attiiiuing an altitude of more than 2,500 feet. Jiivei-s.— With the exception of the eastern extremity, which includes a few small creeks emptying into the Atlantic, and the western extremity, where the Youghiogheny flows through a valley of the Alleghany Mts., Md. be- longs to the drainage system of Chesapeake B. This bay extends into the state for 120 mis., var- ies in breadth from 7 to 25 mis., and is navigable throughout for the largest vessels. The rivers which enter into it from the E. are the Poko- moke, Wicomico, Nanticoke, Choptank, Ches- ter and Elk. The Susquehanna R. intersects the northern part of the state for a distance of about 12 mis. The Gunpowder, Patapsco, Se- vern and Patuxent Rs. enter into Chesapeake B. from the W. The Potomac R. forms the southern boundary of the state, from the source of its North Branch to the mouth, and receives numerous affluents, as Savage R., W^ells Cr., Evitts Cr., Town Cr., Sideling Cr., Licking R., Coneeoche- ague R., Antietam Cr., Monocacy R., Seneca Cr., Piscataway Cr., Mattawaman Cr. and Ni- comico R. Climate and Vegeiaiion.— The climate of Md., tempered by the vicinity of the ocean and Chesapeake B., is on the whole mild and salu- brious. The mean annual temperature of the middle portion of the state is 5(i°, of the north- ern 54°, and of the highest portions in the W. about 50°. The rain-fall is abundant throughout the state and is largest on the western coasts of Chesapeake B., where it averages about 50 inches. The state was originally covered with decid- uous forests, consisting of several varieties of oak, chestnut, cedar, poplar, maple, hickory, ash, beech, persimmon, sycamore, walnut, sassa- fras, magnolia, elm, etc. Cypress trees abound in the central portions and pines in the eastern. I'opidalion.—yLiX. had, in 1790, a population of 319,728 ; in 1800, 341,548 ; in 1810, 3S0,.>46 ; in 1820, 407,3.50 ; in 1830, 447,040 ; in 1840, 470,019 ; in 1850, 58;i,034 ; in 1860, 687,049, and in 1870, 780,894. This number comprised 605,497 whites, 175,391 colored persons, 2 Chinese, and 4 Indians. Re- garding nativity, the population was distribut- ed as follows : Natives of the United States, 697,482; of the state, 629,882; of Mass., 1,212; of N. J., 1,853; of N. Y., 3,890; of Ohio, 1,165; of Pa., 22,846; of Va. and W. Va., 20,2;j7, and of the D. C, 3 211. The foreign-born population num- bered 83,412, of whom 644 were born in British America, 47,045 in Germany, 4,8.i5 in England, 23,630 in Ireland ; 2.432 in Scotland ; 9D4 in Wales, and 297 in Switzerland. The population of 10 years of age and more numbereil 575,4.39, of whom 25S,.543 were engaged in the useful occupations, viz.: 80,449m agrical- ture, 79,226 in professional and personal sei- viees, 35,.542 in trade and transportation, and 63,326 in manufactures and mechanical and min- ing industries. Mhiing.— The chief mineral wealth of MtL consists in bituminous coal and iron. The MARYLAND. 547 MARYLAND. western portion of the state (Allegliany co.) extends into the great Appalachian coal field, and produced, according to the last census, l,818,i-24 tons. Smaller quantities of coal are mined in Anne Arundel CO. Iron ore is obtained in Anne Arundel, Alle- ghany, Baltimore, Frederick, Carroll and Prince George's cos. The entire product in 1870 was 98,- 351 tons, of $G00,-246 in value. Copper is mined in Carroll and Frederick cos. Nickel, cobalt and galena are also found in various parts of the stale, but not in large quantities. The other minerals are kaoline, or porcelain clay, alum, burytes, marl and ti'aces of gold. Mar- ble and building stones are abundant. Agriculture.— The soil of Md. is on the whole very productive. The region adjacent to Ches- apeake 15. consists of sand and loam, and with careful tillage and sufficient manuring yields good crops. The valleys of the higher sections of the state are generally very fertile. In 1870 the improved land amounted to 2,914,- 007 acres, the unimproved land 16-2,584 acres, and the woodlanfl, 1,434,988 acres, making a total comprised in the farms of 4,511,579 acres. The value of farms was $170,369,()S4, and of farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $35,343,927. The principal farm productions were : Wheat, .5,774,503 bush.; rye, 307,089 bush.; Indian-corn, 11,701,817 bush.; oats, 3,2-21,643 bush.; tobacco, 15,- 78.5,339 lbs.; wool, 435,213 lbs.; Irish pot's, 1,632,- 205 bush.; sweet pot's, 218,705 bush.; butter, 5j014,729 lbs. ; flax, 30,760 lbs., and hay, 223,119 tons. The live stock had a value of $18,433,698, and consisted of 89,696 horses, 9,830 mules and asses. 94,794 milch cows, 22,4ai working oxen, 98,074 other cattle, 129,697 sheep, and 257,893 swine. Manufactures. — In 1850 the value of manufac- tures was $33,043,892 ; in 1«J0, $41,735,157, and in 1870, $76,593,013, thus showing a very great in- crease in the development ot manufactures in Md. during the last decade. The 5,812 establish- ments employed .'iSl steam-engines, with 13,961 horse-power; 937 water-wheels, with 18,461 horse-power and 44,860 hands. The capital in- vested was $36,438,729; the wages paid, $1'2,6S2,817, and the value of the raw materials consumed, ^6,897,032. The principal products of industry and their values were : Cotton goods, $1,8.52,808 ; flour and meal, $6,786,459 ; canned fruits and vegetables, $1,587,230; furniture, $1,388,698; forged and rolled iron, $3,573,212 ; pig iron, $2,143,089 ; iron castings, $835,024; tanned leather, $1,265,388; curried leath- er, $323,368 ; distilled liquors, $889,261 ; malt liquors, $665,743; sawed lumber, $1,501,471; re- fined sugar, $7,007,y5S ; canned oysters and fish, $1,418,200; printing and publishing, $1,179,928; tin, copper antl sheet-iron ware, $1,634,009 ; chew- ing, smoking and snuffing tobacco, $653,760, and cigars, $1,108,988. Commerce and Railroads. — Md. possesses great facilities for domestic and foreign commerce. Its coast-line on both sides of the Chesapeake B. is indented by numerous bays and harbors, so that the larger part of the state is within easy distance from the sea. The Potomac, navigable to Washington, atfords access to the southern extremity, and the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal follows the course of the Potomac from Wa:^hington to Cumberland. In 1871 Md. had 1,416 saiung vessels, 100 steam vessels and 516 canal boats, with a total tonnage of 146,201. The registered vessels numbered 98; the enrolled vessels, 1,474, and the licensed vessels, 460. The total declared value of im- port entries from foreign countries was $24,- 690,234, and of domestic exports, $15,037,855. Md. has three custom districts, viz. : Baltimore, Annapolis and the Eastern (listrict. Md., together with the D.C., had, in 1841, 259 mis. of railroads: in 1851, 274 mis.; in 1861, 386; in 1871, 820, and in 1872, 1,012. The principal line is the Baltimore & Ohio K. R., which has a total length of 617 mis., including a branch to Wash* ington and another to Hagerstown ; the Balti- more & Potomac R. R., from Baltimore to Pope's Creek, with a branch to Washington (92 mis.); the Western Maryland R. R., from Relay to Hagerstown (66 mis.); the Cumberland & Pennsylvania R. R. (50% mis.); the Dorchester H Delaware R. R. (33 mis.); Eastern Shore R. R. (40 mis.); theKentCounty R.R. (36mls.); theMarj'- land & Delaware R. R. (54 mis.); the Queen. Anne's & KentR. R. (36 mis.), and the Wicomico & Pocomoke R. Jl. (23 mis.). Education. — The report of the Commissioner of Education for 1871 enumerates 11 colleges and collegiate institutions, which are author- ized by law to confer degrees. They then had 91 professors and 1,071 students. The school population was 276,120, of whom 101,367 were pupils of the public schools. The number of schools was 1,475, and of teachers, 2,204. The total expenditure was $1,204,761, ot which $808,860 were for teachers' wages. In 1870 the state had 88 newspapers against 57 in I860. The number of dailies was 8 ; of semi- weeklies, 2 ; of weeklies, 69, and of monthlies, S. The Maryland Hospital for the insane and the State Penitentiary are located at Baltimore. Wealth, Taxation and Indebtedness. — The as- sessed value of real estate was $286,910,332, and of personal estate, $136,924,586. The true value of both kinds of property was estimated at $643,748,976. The state taxation, not national, was $1,781,252 ; county fcixation, $1,542,218 ; and town and city taxation, $3,309,372, making a total taxation of $6,632,842. The public debt of the state was $13,317,475 ; of the counties, $1,565,779, and of the cities, towns, etc., $14,149,323. Government. — Every male citizen of the United States, of the age of 21 years and upward, who has resided in the state one year and in the leg- islative district or county in which he olfers to vote, for six months, is entitled to vote. The executive power is vested in the Gov- ernor, who is chosen by the electors for four j'ears. The Secretary of State, Commissioner of the Land Office, Adjutant-General and State Librarian, are appointed by the Governor by and with the consent of the Senate. The trea- sury department is administered by a Comp- troller chosen by the voters, and a Treasurer aijpointed by the Legislature. Both hold office for two years. The Attorney-General and the Superintend- ent of Labor and Agriculture are chosen in the same manner as the Governor, and hold office for the same term of four years. The Legislature consists of a Senate of 24 members and a House of Delegates of 86 mem- bers. Senators are elected for four years ; dele- gates for two. The judicial power Is vested in a Court of Ap- peals, Circuit Courts of the counties, the sev- eral courts of Baltimore city, Orphans' Courts, and Justices of the Peace. The Court of Ap- peals is composed of the Chief Judges of first seven of the several judicial circuits of the state, and a judge from the city of Baltimore. The Chief Judge is designated by the Gov- ernor by and with the advice of the Senate, Md. is divided into the following 23 counties : Alleghany, Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Calv; rt, Caroline, Carroll, Cecil, Charles, Dorches er, i'rederick. Garret, Harford, Howard, Kent, Montgomery, Prince George's, Queen Arne, St. Mary's, Somerset, Talbot, Washington, Wico- mico and Worcester Annapolis, 5,744 inhabitants, is the capital of the State, The other cities are Cumberland, 8,056 inhabitants ; Baltimore, 267,354 inhabitants ; and Frederick, 8,526 inhabitants, Maryland, tu. in Ogle co,. 111. Pop., 1,181. Maryland, tn. in Otsego CO., N. Y. Pop., 2,402. MARYLAND. 54S MASON. Maryland, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., on Al- bany & Suscxuebauna K. It., '25 mis. S. W. of Cobieslvill. Maryland lilne, p. v. in Baltimore CO., Md., 2 nils. E. of Freeland. Marysbiirgli, p. v. in Le Sueur co., Minn., 12 mis. from St. Teter. Marysvale, p. o. in Pi Ute CO., Utah Ter. Marysirille, tn. in Yulxx co., Cal. Pop., 5.171. *JJIarysvHle, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Feather R., at the head of navi- gation, and on the California Pacific R. R. and Oreg-ou Division of the Central Pacific R. R., 55 mis. N. of Sacramento. It has important manufactories and is the center of trade for an extensive and prosperous region. Pop., 4,73S. Two newspapers. Marysville, p. o. in Clarke co., Ind. Marysville, p. v. in Marion CO., Iowa, 15 mis. from Albia. Pop., '266. Marysville, v. in Benton CO., Iowa, 9 mis. S. V/ . of Vinton. The p. o. is Urbanna. Marysville, tn. in Marshall co., Kans. Pop., l,6-.'.x ♦Marysville, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Big Blue R. and on the St. Joseph & Denver City R. R., 35 mis. from Seneca. Pop., 300. Marysville, p. v. in St. Clair co,, Mich., on the St. Clair K. and 6 mis. S. of Port Huron. Marysville, tn. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., 5-27. *Marysvllle, p. v. and the co. scat of Union CO., Ohio, on the Springfield Branch of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indian- apolis R. R., 17 mis. from Delaware. Pop., Marysville, p. o. in Baker co., Oreg. Marysville, p. v. in Perry co.. Pa., on the Sus- quehanna R., at the junction of the Pennsyl- vania Central R. R. with the Northern Cen- tral R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Harrisburgh. Pop., 863. Marysville, p. o. in Cooke co., Tex. Marysville, p. v. in Campbell co., Va., 30 mis. from Lyncliburgh. Marystbivn, p. o. in Scott co„ Minn. Marytown, p. o. in Pond du Lac co.. Wis. *Mary ville, p. v. and the co. seat of Nodaway CO., Mo., on the Maryville Branch of the Kan- sas City, St. Joseph* Council Blufls R. R., 45 mis. N. of St. Joseph. It is a busy place, in active trade with the surrounding grazing and stock-raising section. Pop., 1,6S'2. Two newspapers. *Mary ville, p. v. and the co. seat of Blount CO., Tenn., on the Knoxville & Charleston K. R., 15 mis. S. of Knoxville. It is eligibly located, the center of considerable trade ancl the seat of Maryville College. Pop., Sll. One newspaper. Masardis, tn. in Ai'oostookco., Me. Pop., 169. Masardis, p. o. in the above tii. *Mascoutan, p. v. in St. Clair co., 111., on the St. Louis & Southeastern R. R., '25 mis. S. E. of St. Louis. It is surrounded by a rich farm- ing section. Pcfll., '2,700. Mashapang-, p. o. in Tolland co.. Conn. Masliuec, in. in Barnstable co., Mass. Pop., 248. Mash pec, p. o. in the above tn. Mash ville, v. in Hancock co., lnd.,6 nils, from Petidlcton. Maslivillc, V. in Knox co., Ind., 5 mis. from Wheatland. Ma)iOu. CO. in 111., central part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 16,1»4; in 1860, 10,931. It is situated betiveen the Illinois R. on the N. and the San- gamon R. on the S., which meet at its S. W. corner. The surface is level and the soil very productive. Tlie Chicago & Alton ]l. R. and the Peoria, Pekni & Jacksonville R. R. inter- sect the CO. Havana is the co. scat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 198,SS9 bush.; rye, 4i),18'2 bush.; Indian-corn, '2,648, 7'26 bush.; oats, 272,660 bush.; Irish pot's, 71,345 bush.; sweet pot's, 547 bush.; butter, 231,900 lbs.; hay, 8,943 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,109,'200. Total, estimated, value of all farnr productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,304,803. Value of'manufactures, $.545,678. Mason, tn. in Grundy co., 111. Pop., 1,005. Mason, tn. in Effingham co.. 111. Pop., 1,903. ^Mason, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chicago Branch of the Illinois Central R. R., 13 mis. S. of Effingham. Pop., 490. Mason, tn. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa. Pop., 1,784. Mason, tn. In Taylor co.. Iowa. Pop., 5S0. Mason, CO. in Kv., N. N. E. part. Area, 235 sq. mis. Pop.,18,1'26; inl8(i0, 18,'2'22. Itisboundert on the N. by the Ohio R.,aloni»' which extends a bold range of hills. The soil is chalky au'J fertile. The countj' is noted for the excellent tobacco it produces. Maj'sville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 72,8.50 bush.; rye, 54,450 bush.; Indian-corn, 765,000 bush.; oats, 4.5,076 bush.; Irish pot's, 41,731 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,096 bush.; tobacco, 1,. 593,156 lbs.; butter, 106,3-29 lbs.; hay, 4,744 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,897,634. T'otal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1, '280,306. Value of manufao tures, $928,510. Mason, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop.,1'27. Mason, p. o. in Washington co., Md. Mason, co. in Mich., W.part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 3,263; in 1860, 831. Thesurfaceis lowand in some parts swampy and the soil produc- tive. Marqiiette R., Great Sable R. and Little Sable R., which intersect the co. from E. to W., empty into Lake Michigan, which forms the VV. boundary. Lincoln is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: \yhcat, 4,769 bush.; rye, 660 bush.: Indian-corn, 1'2,'261 Imsh.; oats, 9,457 bush.; Irish pot's, 37,515 bush.; butter, 5,648 lbs.; hay, 626 tons. Cash value of farms, $337, ■ 7'20. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $63,119. Value of inanufactures, $571,035. ^Mason, p. v. and the co. seat of Ingham CO., Mich., on the Jackson, Lansing &. Saginaw 14. R., 1'2 nils. S. W. of Lansing, the state capital. It has ricli agricultural surroundings and considerable trade. Pop., 1,212. One news- paper. Mason, tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 809. Mason, tn. in Marion co.. Mo. Pop., 600. Mason, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Pop., 1,364. Mason, p. v. in the above tn., on the Peterbor- ough & Shirley Branch of the Fitchburgh R. R., 6 mis. froni Mason Village. Mason, p. v. in Warren CO., Ohio, 5 nils, from Foster. Pop., 38.5. Mason, tn. in Lawrence Co., Ohio. Pop., 1,884. Mason, p. V. in Tipton co., Tenn., on the Louis- ville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 30 mis. N. E. of Memphis and '20 mis. S. W. of Nashville. Pop. aljout 300. Masona, tn. in Chicot CO., Ark. Pop., 215. Mason, co. in Tex., central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 678 ; in 1860, 630. 'J'he surface is rolling ; the soil productive. The N. W. cor- ner is intersected by the San Saba 11., and the central part by Llano R., which flows from E. to W. and receives several small alllu- ents. Mason is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 . Wheat, 53 bush.; rye, '20 bush.; Indian- corn, 7,740 bush.; sweet pot's, 593 bush.; butter, 6,945 lbs.: hay, 141 tons. Cash value of farms, $29,.530. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $27,795. Mason, p. v. and the co. seat of Mason co., Tex., on the Llano R. and 100 mis. W. N. W. Ol Austin. Pop., "296. Mason, co. in Wash. Ter., W. part. Pop., 289. It extends from Hood's Channel and Tottcn Inlet in the E. to the Pacific Ocean, which "washes its western border. The mountainous MASON. 549 MASSACHUSETTS. iBurface is diversiflecl by some picturesque and fertile vallevs. Agr. productions in 1870: Oats, 1,000 bush.; Irish pot's, '2,350 bush.; butter, ^30 lbs.; hay, 11-2 tons. Cash value of farms, $-24,000. Total, estimated, value of all farm i3roduc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $10,- 285. V'alue of riianufactures, $'20,000. Blasoii, CO. in VV. Va., W. part. Area about 380 sq. nils. Pop., 15,978 ; in 1S60, 9,173. The Ohio R. forms the boundary on the N. and W. and separates the co. from Ohio. The Great Kana- wha Jl, intersects and drains it and joins the Ohio on the western border. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. Coal is very abundant. The Chesapeake & Ohio R. R. passes through the co., alongthe valley of the Great Kanawha. Point Pleasant is the co.seat. AgT. productions inlS70 : Wheat, 115,350 bush.; rye, 598 bush.; Indian-corn, 45(;,y90 bush.; oats, 43,464 bush.; Irish pot's 84,534 busli.; sweet pot's, 48 busL ; butter, 5,002 lbs.; hay, 4,353 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,980,12'2. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding ailditions to stock, etc., $854,570. Value of manufactures, $1,955,138. *Masoii, p. V. in Mason co., W. Va., on the Ohio R., opposite Pomeroj', Ohio. Pop., 1,18'2. Mason and Dixon, p. o. in the v. of State Line in Franklin co.. Pa., on the Cumberland Valley R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Chambersburgh. Masoii €ity, tn. in Mason CO., 111. Pop., 2,387. *Mason City, p. v. in the above tn., on the Jacksonville Division of the Chicago & Alton R. R., 40 mis. N. of Springtield. Enjoys a large trade in country produce. Pop., 1,015. Two newspapers. *Mason €ity, p. v. and the co. seat of Cerro Gordo CO., Iowa, on the Central R. R. of Iowa and the Iowa & Dakota Division of the Mi\- waukee & St. Paul R. R., 112 mis. X. of Des Moines and iji a comparatively new but flour- ishing agricultural district. Pop., 1,183. Two newspapers. Ittasou €reek, p. o. in McLean co., Ky. Mason's Depot, p. o. in the v. of New Glasgow ill Amherst CO., Va., on the Orange, Alexand- ria & Manassas R. R. Mason Plains, tn. in Mason co., 111. Pop., 800. Masontown, p. v. in Fayette co.. Pa., 12 mis. from Uniontown. Mason Valley, p. o. in Esmeralda CO., Nev. ►Mason Village, p. v. in Hillsborough co., N. H., on the Petersborough & Shiriey Branch of Fitchburgh R. R,, 19 nds. from West Groton. Masonville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R, R., 54 mis. W. of Dubuque. Pop. about 300. Masonville, p. o. in Daviess co., Kj-. Masonville, tn. in Delta co., Mich. Pop., 152. Masonville, p. o. in Burlington co., N. J. Masonville, tn. in Delawaj-e co., N. Y. Pop., 1,738. Masonville, p. v. in the above tn.,7mls. from Bainbridge. Pop., '200. Masonville, p. o. in Accomack co., Va. Maspetta, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. Massabesie Liake, in Rockingham co., Kew Hampshire, 4 mis. E. of Manchester ; is 4 mis. long, has a very irregular shore-line of 31 mis., and is studded with numerous islets. It is much visited by tourists. Massac, co. in 111., S. part. Area, 150 sq. mis. Pop., 9,581 ; in 1800, 6,213. The surface is un- eveu and the soil fertile. Some stone-coal and lead are found. The Ohio R. forms its southern boundary, separating it from Ky. Metropolis City is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 7-2,316 bush.; rye, 544 bush.; Indian-corn, 133,1-26 bush.; oats, 22,097 Dush.; Irish pot's, 13,1'25 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,715 bush.; butter, 42,505 lbs.: hay, 2,034 tons. Cash value of farms, $7'26,230. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $345,947. Value ot manufactures. $437,5'^2. MASSACHUSETTS, one of the New Eng- land states, and one of the 13 original states of the Union; lies between 41° 15' and 42° 55' N. lat., and between 69° 56' and 73° 31' "W. long. Its length from E. to "W. is about 160 mis. Its width in the eastern partis 115 mis.; in the western, 47 mis. It has an area of 7,800 sq. mis. The sea- shore is very irregular. The south-eastern part of the state forms a narrow peninsula, which projects in an easterly direction and termin- ates with Cape Cod. It is joined to the main land by an isthmus which separates Cape Cod B. from Buzzard's B. Massachusetts B. foima a large indentation S. of Cape Ann. Martha'a Vineyard and Nantucket are two islands which lie south-east of the main-land of the state. The Elizabeth Islands bound Buzzard's B. on the south and are separated from Martha's Vine- yard by Vineyard Sound. (SMJ-/ace.— Tiie surface of Massachusetts is greatl.y diversified. Two chains of the Green Mts. traverse the western part of the state from N. to S. The western chain, called the Taghkanic, or Taconic, Mts. trend along or near the boundary. The highest ]ieaks are Saddle Mt. 3,505 feet high, and Mt. Wasliington, '2,6'24 feet high. The eastern chain, called the Hoosic Mts., is broader than the western, although less elevated, and is noted for its magnificent scenery. Sugarloaf Mt. and Mt. Tom, 1,214 feet, rising on the banks of the Connecticut R., are isolated peaks. Further to the E., and separat- ed from the Hoosic Mt. by the rich valley of the Connecticut R., extends a wide belt of hills and mountains, the highest of which are Mt. Wachusett, (2,018 feet high), and Mt. Holyoke. From this belt, which has a height of about 1,100 feet, the country slopes gradually toward the sea-coast. The south-eastern part of the state is low and sandy. Sivers and Lakes— The Connecticut is the largest R. in Massachusetts. It traverses the western part of the state from N. to S., and has so great a fall as to render it unnavigable. The largest tributaries from the "W. are the Deer- field R., which rises in Vermont, and the West- field R., which rises in the Hoosic Mt. The Chicopee and Miller's Rs. enter the Connec- ticut from the E. The Housatonic R. flows through the valley lying between the Taconic ' and Hoosic Mts. Merrimac R. belongs in its lower course to this state and flows parallel to the N. E. boundary. It receives the Nashua and Concord Rs. from Ihe S. W.. TheBlackstone R. flows through the central part of the state from N. to S., and passes through Rhode Island. The Taunton R. in the S. E. part enters Mt. Hope B. in Rhode Island. Charles R. and Mystic R. empty into Boston B., which forms the western extension of Massachusetts B. None of the Rs. of this state are navigable, but they afl'ord a large amount of valuable watei'-power. Massachusetts abounds in small lakes and ponds, especially the south-eastern and western parts of the state. CTimate.— Massachusetts lias a cool climate. The winters are long and severe, the summers short and warm. Snow falls usually during seven months, from October to April. The mean annual temperature in the N. W. part of the state is 45°, in the S. E. part 50°. July is the hottest month in Boston, with a mean tem- perature of 73° ; January the coldest, with a mean temperature of 28°. The mercury occasionally falls to 10° below zero, in v.'inter, and rises in summer to 100°, thus showing a range between extremes in Boston of 110°. The amount of yearly precipitation (rain and snow) varies from 40 inches in depth in eastern Massachusetts to 43J^ inches in western, and is nearly equally distributed through the seasons. In the eastern part of the state north-westerly winds prevail during 150 days, and southwest- lyiASSACHUSETTS. eily during 70 rlays. Cold and jiiercin^ east- eily -winds are of frequent occux-rence in the spring. The Populalion of Mass. lias increased steadi- ly, though not as rapidly as some of the west- ern states. In 1790 it was 378,787 ; in 1800, 4'J2,Sht5 ; in 1810, 47'2,0W; in 1820, 523,159 ; in 1830, 610,408; in ISIO, 737,099; in 1850, 994,514 ; in 1860, 1,231,066, and in 1870, 1,457,351. This last number comprises 1,443,156 whites, 13,947 colored persons, 97 Chi- nese and Japanese, and 151 Indians, As regards nativity, the population of 1870 is distributed as follows : natives of the United States, 1,104,- 032 (including 896,372 natives of Mass.) ; natives of foreign countries, 3.53,319, including 70,045 Britisli Americans, 1,627 Frenchmen. 13,072 Ger- mans, 31,099 Englishmen, 216,120 Irishmen, 9,003 Scotchmen, 302 Norwegians, 1,384 Swedes, and 491 Swiss. The population of 10 years and over, in 1870, numbered 1,160,666, and of these nearly one- half, or 579,844, are engaged in some of the use- ful occupations, viz.: 72,810 in agriculture, 131,- 291 in professional and personal services, 83,078 in trade and transportation, and 292,665 in manu- factures and mechanical industries. AgricnUure.-T\\n most fertile sections of Mass. are the valleys of the Connecticut and other rivers ; but the greater part of the state is moderately productive. Hence large quantities of grain, ilour, pork, beef, etc., are imported from the more favored regions of the west. Mass. had, in 1870, 26,500 farms, of which 8,381 had from 20 to 50 acres ; 8,727 from 50 to 100 acres, and 5,643 from 100 to 500 acres. Only 3 farms had over 1,000 acres, and 40 over 500 acres. The number of acres of land in farms was 2,730,283 acres, of which 1,736,221 were improved, 706,714 were woodland, antl 287,318 were unim- proved. The cash value of farms was $116,432,784 ; of implements, $.5,000,879, and of all farm pro- ductions, including betterments, etc., iji;{2,192,378. The principal agricultural products were : 17,547 bush, of spring wheat; 17,074 busli. of winter Avheat ; 239,227 bush, of rye ; 1,397,807 bush, of Indian-corn ; 797,664 bush, of oats ; 133,- 071 bush, of barlev ; 58,049 bush, of buckwheat ; 7,312,885 lbs. of tobacco ; 306,659 lbs. of wool ; 3,- 025,44 O flj I COM . Cnt Ci xoi^^Idgc-cc'co^'o tjT-bi'oi-o&^^i *-^ co"ic cc-b: rf,. ( ^ O "o "h- Id "en cc'o "Is -4*.«^"V'^'oo^-'xlo"c;^-iD^^ ';?:'** B o (*»>-' ^1 «*. wi xo li ^c;o lo o> io lico — C-. iio:;ic; ^Si ccooooto/on'~.— 'ii-b"'-"'--^"!i"li:-o:^i''-.'i"b'— wlco S.^r' eg X r. li j: wi ;.i •-; c: x -^ v. — — -^ i- - j — c; -^ v; ct w J '-' ^ en lO :;. ^ '_ —V. 00 " ^ "b I i ■— '>-^ r. i; — 4- -. - Tin *» iR 2. » f** 4- •-- c X -^ •-.: li o> +- o — v. -^ I- -( :;! o 1-1 tc x to ^ 1 ^ O P-'lSit-Ol— C50^*-*--JCCl— I— C-*«W-Jw. OlWtOO (JO M> The steady and rapid progress of the state in the development of manufactures is shown by comparing the annual values of i^roducts for different years. In 18;{8 this was about $86,000,- 000 ; in 1845, $124,000,000 ; in ISoo, $295,000,000, and in 1865, $517,000,000. The last decade exhibits an increase of 72 per cent., while the population, during the same period increased but 3 per cent. Commerce and MaUroads. — Mass. has, next to N. Y., the most extensive foreign commerce of any slate in the Union. In 1871 the foreign goods imported had a value of $54,329,107, and the domestic goods exported, $13,234,993. It has ten ports of entry, or custom districts, of which Boston is by far the most important. The num- ber of vessels entering into the ports of the state was 4,019, and of vessels cleared from the ports, 3,755. On the 30th of June, 1871, Mass. had 702 registered vessels with 353,042 tons ; 1,822 en- rolled vessels with 158,452 tons, and 323 licensed vessels with 2,847 tons. The number of sailing vessels was 2,768 with 486,836 tons, and of steam vessels, 79 with 27,345 tons. Mass. has the most complete railroad net- work of any of the states, which is being rapid- ly enlarged. In 1841 the total railroad mileage was 373 mis.; in 1851, 1,038 mis.; in 1861, 1,264 iris.t in 1872, 1 612 mis. The principal lines are : Tho Boston & Albany B. It. (249)^ mis.); the Bcstoo, MASSACHUSETTS. 551 MASSACHUSETTS. Clinton & Fitchburgli R. E. (43 mis.); the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R. (11-2^ mis.); the Boston & Lowell R. R. (4014 mis.); the Boston & Maine R. E., (82in. Mast Yard, p. o. in Sterrimack co., N. H., on the Sugar R. and Concord & Claremont and Contoocook River R. Rs., 7% mis. N. W. of Concord. Matagorda, co. in Tex., S. E. part. Area, 575 sq. nils. Pop., 3,377; in ISfiO, 3,454. Thesurface is mostly level ; the soil good and well culti- vated. The Colorado R., navigable for steam- boats, intersects the central part from N. to S. and empties into Matagorda U., which ex- tends into the southern part of the co. Mata- gorda is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 94,095 bush.; Irish pot's, 500 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,777 bush.; cotton, 1,590 bales ; butter, 22,225 lbs. Cash value of farms, $304,- 817. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $201,521. Value of manufactures, .$73,120. Matagorda, p. v. and the co. seat of Matagor- da CO., Tex., near the mouth of the Colorado R. ami on the Matagorda R., 44 mis. N. E. of Indianola. Pop., 380. Matagorda Bay, a large bay on the coast of Tex., extending into Matagorda, Jackson & Calhoun COS.; is separated from the Gulf of Mexico bjr the long and narrow JNlatagorda peniiisida. Tlic entrance to the bay is called Pass C;ivallo. Mataiiioras, v. in Blackford co., Ind., 8 mis. from Hartford City. Mataiiioras, v. in Dauphin co., Pa., near Gratz. Pop., 143. Mataiiioras, p. v. in Pike CO., Pa., on the Dela- ware R., nearly opposite Port Jervis, N. Y. Mataiizas, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. Matanau, tn. in Monmouth co., N. J. Pop., 2,s;i'j. Matawan, p. v. in the above tn.. on the S. side of Jiuritan 1?., 6 mis. S. E. of South Amboy. One newspaper. • Matfield Wreen, p. v. in Chase co., Kans., 17 mis. fiom Cottonwood Ealls. Matlicrton, p. v. in Ionia co., Mich., 3 mla. from Pewamo. Mattbews, j). o. in Montgomery co., Ala. Matiiiiciis, p. o. in Kno.x cp.. Me. Matiiiicus Plantation, tn. in Knox co.. Me. Pop., 250. This tn. is composed of Matinie Is- land (pop., 13), Matinicus Island (pop., 250), and Great Green Island (pop., 14). Matlock, p. o. in Tatnall eo., Ga. Matoaca, tn. in Chesteilield co., Va. Pop., 2,595. Matoaca, p. o. in the above tn. Matoax, p. o. in Amelia co., Va. Mattapan, p. v. in Koifolk co., ISIass., on the I>orchester it Milton Branch of the Old Colony & Newport R. R. and on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R. Mattapoisctt, tn. in Plymouth co.,Mas3. Pop., l,3ijl. Mattapoisett, p. v. in the above tn., on Fair- haven Branch R. R., G mis. E. of New Bedford. It has a gooil harbor on Buzzards B. The in- habitants are largelj' engaged in the fisheries. Mattapoiiy River. (See York R.) Mattawauikeag:, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 3jG. Mattawaiiikeag', p. v. in the above tn., on the ri via- of the same name and on the European & North American R. R., 58 mis. from Bangor. Mattatvaiukeag River, a tributary of the Penobscot R., in Me.; rises in Washington co. and traverses a part of Penobscot co. Mattawau, p. v. in Van Buren co., Mich., on the Michigan Central K. R., 12 mis. from Kala- mazoo. Pop. a,bout GOO. Mattawin, p o. in JMifllin co.. Pa. ^Mattcawan, p. v. in Dutchess Co., N. Y., on Fishkill Cr. and on the Dutchess & Columbia R. R.,1 mle. above Fishkill Landing. Amanu- factuving town. Pop.,2,40G. One newspaper. Matteson, tn. in Branch co., Mich. Pop., 1,305. Maittcson, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. ot Bronson. Matteson, tn. in Waupacca co., Wis. Pop., 2S9. Matthews, co. in Va., E. part. Area about 93 sq. nils. Pop., 6,200 ; in 18G0, 7,091. It occupies a peninsula, which is bounded on the E. by Chesapeake B., on the N. by I'iankatank R. and on the S. by Mob Jack B. The surface is low and level and the soil sandy and but mod- erately productive. Matthews is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,2()8 bush.; rye, 110 bush.; Imlian-corn, 104,807 bush.; oats, 13,577 bush.; Irish pot's, 587 bush.; sweet pot's, 254 bush.; butter, 190 lbs. Cash value of farms, $825,109. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including adilitions tostock,etc., !|lil20.G70. Value of manufactures, $lii,4G5. Matthews, p. v. and the co. scat of the above CO., on East R., 35 nils, from West Point. Matthews Store, p. v. in Howard co., Md., 5 mis. from Hood's Mills. M^ittie, p. o. in Roane co., W. Va. Mattison, p. v. in Cook eo., 111., on the Chicago Branch of the Illinois Central R. R., 27 mis. from Chicago. Pop. about G.50. Mattitiick, p. V. in SuHblk co., N. Y., on Long Island R. R., 82 mis. from Hunter's Point. Pop. about 2,50. Mattole, tn. in Humboldt CO., Cal. Pop., 453, Mattole River, a small stream in Humboldt CO., Cal.; has a N W. course and empties into the Pacific Ocean. Mattoon, in, in Coles co.. 111. Pop., 4,097. *Mattoii, p. V. in the above tn., on tlie Chicago Branch ot the Illinois Central R. R., the In- dianapolis & St. L. R. R., at S. ter. of Mat. Br. of Ter. 11., P. & D. R. R.. -JtJ mis. N. of ElUiigham. Has important manufactories and is a ship- ping point for cereals. Three newspapers. Matville, p. o. in Raleigh co., \V. Va. Mauch Chunk, p. o. in Mahaska co., Iowa. Maiich Chunk, tn. in Carbon co., Pa. Pop., .5,210. 1 ^Mauch Chnuk, p. borough in the above tn. MAUCKPORT. 553 MAYPORT. and the co. seat, on the Lehigh R. and Canal, and on Lehigh Valley R. R., Lehigh &, Susque- hanna R. R. and Danville, Hazleton &Wilkes- barre R. R., Ifimls. W. N. VV. of Eastou and S3 mis. N. N.W. ot"«Philadelphia ; in the heart of the anthracite coal regions, and in the midst of picturesque scenery which in the summer season attracts iiumerous tourists. The re- cently discovered Glen Ouoko is already wide- ly famous for its wild beauties of rock and waterfall. It has an immense coal-mining, shipping and iron-producing business. Mauch Chunk borough, proper, has a pop. of 3,S41 and E. Mauch Chunk borough, 1,585. In ISdO they had a pop. respectively of '2,yLiG and S33. Three newspapers. Slauckport, p. v. in Harrison co., Ind., on the Ohio R., l(j mis. S. of Corydon. Maudville, p. v. in Butler co., Iowa, 12 mis. N. VV. of Cedar Falls. One newspaper. AEaumee Bay, the most S. W. extension of Lake Erie, between Ohio and Michigan. Mauniee, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Top., 391. Slauniec City, p. v. in Lucas co., Ohio, at the head of navigation of the Maumee R. and on the Toledo, Wabash & "Western R. R., 8 mis. S. W. of Toledo. Has considerable commerce. Pop., 1,779. Maumee River, an affluent of Lake Erie ; is formed by the confluence of the St. Joseph's and St. Mary's Rs., which unite at I'ort Wayne, Ind. It intersects N. W. Ohio and empties into Itlaumee B. Boats ascend, during higli water, to Defiance, a distance of nearly 00 mis. But the actual head of navigation is near Maumee City. Mauiuelle, tn. in Pulaski CO., Ark. Pop., 422. Maninelle, p. o. in the above tn. Mauiie's Store, p. o. in Franltlin co., Mo. Maiirertown, p. v. in Shenandoah co., Va., 2 mis. from Tom's Brook. Maurice River, tn. in Cumberland co., N. J. Pop., 2,.500. Maurice River, in N. J.; rises in Gloucester CO., flows in a S. direction through Cumber- land CO., and empties into Delaware B. Manricetown, p. v. in Cumberland co., N. J., 9 mis. from Millville. Maury, co. in Tenn., central part. Area, 559 sq. mis. Pop., 3G,2!!i9 ; in 1S60, 32,498. It has mainly a low and level surface and a highly productive soil. The central part is intersect- ed from E. to. W. by the Duck R. The Nash- ville & Decatur R. li., intersects the co. from N. to S. Columbia is the co. seat. Agr.produc tions in 1870 : Wheat, 200.084 bush.; xye, 5,812 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,449,935 bush.; oats, 01,387 bush.; Irish pot's, 28,570 bush.; sweet pot's, 24,902 bush.; cotton, 9,307 bales ; tobacco, 14,- 245 lbs.; butter, 107,372 lbs.; hay, 4,114 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,680,909. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,082,211. Value of manufactures, $070,100. *Maustou, p. V. and the co. seat of Juneau CO., Wis., on the Lemonwier R. and the La Crosse Division of Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 35 mis. N. W. of Portage City. Engaged in trade with surrounding neighborhood and ships much produce. Pop., 952. One news- paper. Mauvaise Terre, tn. in Morgan co.,Ill. Pop., 736. Maverick, co. in Tex., S. W. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 1,951; in 1800, 726. The surface is rolling and consists mainly of prairies. The Rio Grande R. forms its S. "W. boundarj', separating it from Mexico. Eagle Pass is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 100 bush.; Indian-corn, 8,315 bush.; sweetpot's, 300 bush.; butter, 4,800 lbs.; hay, 27 ton.=. Cash value of farms, $44,235. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $26,200. Value of mauu- lactui-es, $050. Maxatawany , tn. in Berks co. , Pa. Pop., 2,531. Maxatawaiiy, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. W. of Breinigsville. Maxey, p. v. in Oglethorpe co., Ga., on the Athens Branch of the Georgia R. 11. Maxfield, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 735. Maxfield, p. o. in the above tn. Maxttolil, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 156. Mitxfielci, p. o. in the above tn. Maxiuio, p. o. in the v. of Strasburg in Stark CO., Ohio, on thrf Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 6% mis. S. W. of Alliance. Maxiuliueltee, p. o. in Marshall co., Ind. Max Meadows, p. v. in Wythe co., Va., on the Virginia & Tennessee Division of the Atlan- tic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 1 mle. from Wytheville. Pop. about .W. Maions Mills, p. o. in McCracken co., Ky. Maxville, p. o. in Sharp co.. Ark. Maxville, p. o. in Jeflerson co.. Mo. Maxville, p. v. in Perry eo., Ohio, lOmls. from New Lexington. Maxville, p. o. in Dyer co., Tenn. Maxville, tn. in Buffiilo co., Wis. Pop., 434. Maxville, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Croix R. and 10 mis. N. of Waliasha, Minn. Maxwell, p. o. and the co. seat of Hutchinson CO., Dak. Ter. Maxwell's C-reels, v. in Mariposa co., Cal., 21 mis. from JSIariposa. May, tn. in Christian eo.. 111. Pop., 681. May, tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., 747. May, p. V. in Tuscola co., Mich., 35 mis. E. of East Saginaw. May, p. o. in Martin CO., Minn. May, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Mayberry, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Mayberry, tn. in Montour eo.. Pa. Pop., 215. Mayberry Creels, p. o. in Patrick CO., Va. May Day, p. o. in Riley co., Kans. Mayesville, p. o. in Issaquena co.. Miss. Mayesville, p. v. in Sumter district, S. C, on the Wilmington, Columbia «& Augusta R.R., 30 mis. S. W. ol" Florence. Mayficld, p. v. in Santa Clara eo., Cal., on the Southern Pacific R. R., 35 mis. from San Fran- cisco. Pop. about 200. MayJieltl, p. v. in Ilaneock co., Ga., on the Macon & Augusta R. R., 8 mis. S. W. of Camac. Mayfleld, tn. in De Kalb co.. 111. Pop., 941. *May Held, p. v. and the co. seat of Graves co., Ky., on the Padncah & Gulf R. R., 30 mis. S. of Paducah. Large trade in cotton and tobacco. Pop., 779. One newspaper. Mayfield, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Pop., 96. Mayfield, tn. in Grand Traverse co., Mich, Pop., 2.50. Mayfield, p. v. in the above tn., on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 14 mis. from Grand Traverse. Mayfield, tn. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pop., 1,023 Mayfield, tn. in Fulton co., N. Y. Pop., 2,241. Mayfield, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Gloversville. Mayfield, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Pop., 892. Mayfield, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from WiUoughby. Mayhew's Station, p. v. in Lowndes co., Miss., on the Mobile & Ohio B. B., 2>^ mis. N. of Art esia. Pop. about 275. Mayli.ew's Station, p. o. in Sacramento co., Cal. May Hill, p. o. in Adams co., Ohio. Maynard, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Marlborough Branch of the Fitchburg R. R., 10 mis. from Marlborough. Maynard's Cove, p. o. in Jackson co., Ala. Maynardville, p. v. and the co. sc it of Union CO., Tenn., 12 mis. N. N. W. of McMillan. Pop., 1.55. Mayo, p. o. in Halifax co., Va. Mayo Forge^p. o. in Patrick CO., Va. Mayo Park, p. o. in Grayson co., Ky. Mayo River, tn. in Patrick co., Va. Pop., 4,017 Mayport, p. o. in Duval co., Fla. MAYSFIELD. 554 MEANS. Maysficld, p. v. in Milam co., Tex., 9 mis. from Cameron. May's Ijandin^, p. v. and the co. seat of At- lantic CO., N. J., 7]4, mis. S. S. W. of Egg Har- bor Citj'. May's JLick, p. v. in Mason co., Ky., 7 mis. from Maysville. Pop., 199. May Sprtiij^, p. o. in Granger CO., Tenn. Maystowii, p. o. in Monroe co.. 111. Maysville, p. o. in Madison co., Ala. Maysville, p. v. in BentcJu co.. Ark., 23 mis. from Bcntonville. Maysville, p. o. in Jackson co., Ga. Maysville, v. in Daviess co., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., '23 mis. from Jeffersonvillc. Maysville, p, v. In Franklin co., Iowa, 12 nils, from Acklcy. ♦Maysville, p. v. and the co. seat of Mason CO., Ky., on the Ohio 11., opposite Aberdeen, Ohio, and at terminus ot Ma.vsville & Lexing- ton R. R. It is engaged in river shipping and commands an extensive trade with tlie sur- rounding countrj' ; the largest hemp market In tlie country. Pop., 4,705 ; in ISGO, 3,1515. Four newspapers. Maysville, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop.,75S. Maysville, tn.in Houston co., Minn. Pop., (ill. ♦Maysville, p. v. and the co. seat of De Kalb CO., Mo., 30 mis. E. by N. of St. Joseph ; in a grazing and agricultural region. One news- paper. Maysville, p. o. in the v. of Hanover, in Col- umbiana CO., Ohio, on the Cleveland & Pitts- burgh R. R. Maysville, v. in Montgomery co., Ohio. Maysville, v. in Mercer co.. Pa., 3 mis. from Greenville. Maysville, tn. in Buckingham co., Va. Pop., 1,916. Mayton, p. o. in Washington co., Kans. Maytovrn, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., 2 mis. N. W. of Marietta on the Columbia Branch of the Pennsylvania Central R. R. Pop., 013. Mayview,"p. o. in Champaign co.. 111. May view, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans. May view, p. v. in La Fayette co.. Mo., 12 mis. from Ijexi)igton. May ville, p. o. in Lancaster co., Nebr. *May vllle, p. v. and the co.seat of Chautauqua ■ CO., N. Y., on tlie Buffalo, Corry & Pittsburgh R. K., 63 nils, from Buffalo, and on Chautauqua Lake, 20 mis. N. VV. of Jamestown, witli wliich it is connected bj' steamer. The surrounding country is devoted to agricultui'e and dairy- ing. Po]!., 701. Two newspapers. ♦May ville, p. v. in Dodge co., AVis., 7 mis. from Horicon. May wood, p. o. in Cook co., 111. May wood, p. o. in Wyandotte co., Kans. May wood, tn. in Benton co., Minn. Pop., S3. May wood, p. o. in the above tn. May wood, j). o. in Lewis co.. Mo. May wood, p. o. in Bergen co., N. J. Mazarnc, tn. in Montgomery co.. Ark. Pop., 387. Mazcppa, tn. in Wabasha co., Minn. Pop., C81. MaKcppa, p. V. in the above tn., 19 mis. from Rochester. Mazo Manic, tn. in Dane co., Wis. Pop., 1,713. *Mazo Maiiie, p. v. in the above tn., on the Prairie du Chien Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul 11. R., 23 nils. W. of Madison. It is a prosperous agricultural town. Pop., 1.143. Mazon, p. v. in Grundy CO., 111., 12 nils, from Morris. Mcaeham, tn. in Marion co.. 111. Pop., S35. Mead, tn. iu Belmont co., Ohio. Pop., 1,S50. Mead, tn. in Crawford co., Pa. Pop., 9,524. Mead, tn. in Warren co., Pa. Pop., 463. Mead Corners, p. o. in Crawford co., Pa. Meade, new co. in Kans., S. W. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. It has an umlulaUng prairie sur- face and is drained by the Cimarron ii. Meade, co. in Ky., X. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 9,485 ; iu 1800, 8,898. The surface is roll- ing and the soil fertile. It contains several limestone caverns. The Ohio E. forms the' northern and north-western boundary. Brandenburgh is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 67,C91 bush.; rye, 7,726 bush.; Indian-corn, 464,674 bush.; oats, 122,136 bush.; Irish pot's, 40,662 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,136 bush.; tobacco, 539,000 lbs.; butter, 94,440 lbs.; hay, 2,437 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,- 906,109. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $777,663. Value of manufactures, $262,021. Meade, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 213. Meade, p. o. in Macombe co., Mich. Meade, tn. in Marshall co., W. Va. Pop., 1,307. Meade, tn. in Pocahontas co., W. Va. Pop., 887. Meade, tn. in Tyler co., W. Va. Pop., 817. Meade, tn. in Upshur co., W. Va. Pop., 1,284. Meadervillc, p. o. in Macon co.. Mich. Mcadland, p. o. iu Taj'lor CO., \V. Va. Meadow, p. o. in Millard co., Utah Ter. Meadow Bluff, tn. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Pop., 1,306. Meadow BlnflT, p. o. in the above tn. Meadow Braiich, p. o. in .Jackson co., Ohio. Meadow C'reclc, p. o. in Whitley co., Ky. Meadow C'reelt, p. o. in Madison co., Mont. Ter. Meadow Creek, p. o. in Grayson co., Va. Meadow Male, p. o. in Highland co., Va. Meadow Flat, p. o. in Bradley co., Tenn. Meadow t>ap, p. o. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Meadow JLake, tn. in Nevada co., Cal. Pop., 1,655. Meadow Mills, p. o. in Frederick co., Va. Meadows, p. o. in McLean co.. III. Meadows of Man, p. o. in Patricic co., Va. Meadow Valley, p. v. in Plumas co., Cal., 7]^ mis. from Quincy. Meadow ville, p. v. in Umatilla co., Oreg., le mis. from Umatilla. Meadowvillc, p. o. in Barbour co., W. Va. Mead's CreeU, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. Mead's Mills, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Meaflville, p. o. in Barry co., Mich. Mcadville, p. v. and the co. seat of Franklin CO., Miss., on Homochitto R., 35 mis. E. S. E. of Xatches, iu a cotton-producing section. One newspaper. Meadvillc, p. v. in Linn co., ]Mo., on the Han- nibal & St. Joseph R. It., 12 mis. VV. of Brook- liehl. Pop. about 300. *Meadville, city and the co. seat of Crawford CO., Pa., on French Cr. and on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., at intersection with the Franklin Branch, 35 mis. S. of Erie. It has several important manufactories and is the centre of trade for a large and rich agricul- tural country. Pop., 7,103; in 1800, 3,585. Four newspapers. Mcadville, p. o. in Halifax co., Va. Meag'tier, co. in Mont. Ter., central part. Pop., 1,387. The western boundary is formed by the Missouri R. Deep R. intersects the western part of the co., and its valley is seiiarated from that of the Missouri by the Belt Jits. The Judith R. rises in the eastern jiart and passes into Choteau co., and the Musele Shell R. in- tersects and drains the south-eastern part. The surface is generally mountainous,and the valleys contain much good lani04,125. Value of manufactures, $234,079. Meckville, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Mecosta, CO. in Mich., central part. Area, .500 sq. nils. Pop., 5,642 ; in 1860, 970. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. The N. E. corner is intersected by Chippewa R., the N. W. part by the Muskegon R., and the central part by the Little Muskegon R. Big Rapids is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 19,789 bush.; rye, 739 bush.; Indian-corn, 15,734 bush.; oats, 27,805 bush.; Irish pot's, 53,729 bush.; butter, 47,510 lbs.; hay, 3,176 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,002,961. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $239,543. Value of manu- factures, $114,474. Mecosta, tn. in the above co. Pop., 262. Medary, p. o. in Brookings co., Dak. Ter. Medarysville, p. v. in Pulaski co., Ind., on the Louisville, North Albany & Chicago R. R., 46 mis. N. of La Fayette, Pop., 193. Mederville, p. o. in Clayton co., Iowa. Meddybemps, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 200. Medfleld, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 1,112. Medfield, p. -v^ in the above tn., at the inter- section of the Woonsocket Division of the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R. with the Bos- ton, Clinton & Fitchburg R. R., 45 mis. from Fitchburg. Medford, tn. in Piscataquis co.. Me. Pop., 204. Medford, p. o. in the above tn. Medford, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 5,717. *Medford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Med- ford Branch of the Boston & Maine R. R., and on Mystic R., 5 mis. N. W. of Boston. It is a manufacturing place with one newspaper. Medford, tn. in Steele co , Minn. Pop., 520. Medford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R., 9 mis. from Fari- bault. Medford, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 2,189. Medford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mt. Holly & Medford Branch of the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 7 mis. S. of Mt. Holly. Medford Centre, p. o. in Piscataquis co., Me. Media, p. bor. and co. seat of Delaware co.. Pa., on the West Chester & Philadelpliia R. R., 15 mis. S. W. of Philadelphia. It is the center of considerable trade, and is growing in favor as a summer resort for urban people. Pop., 1,045. One newspaper. Mediapolis, p. v. in Des Moines co., Iowa. Medicine, tn. in Livingston co.. Mo. Pop., 90L Medicine, tn. in Mercer co.. Mo. Pop., 939. Medicine, tn. in Putnam co.. Mo. Pop., 665. Medicine, p. o. in Sullivan co., Mo. Medicine Bow, p. o. in Carbon co., Wyo. Ter. MEDICINE BOW MOUNTAINS. 556 MELISSA. Mccliciiic Bow Mountains, a chain of the liocky Mts. ill Carbon co., Wyo. Ter.; trend X. and S. bctwoen the valley of tlie North Platte U. and the Laramie Plaiiis. Medicine Creek, p. o. in Buffalo co., Dak. Ter. Medicine liOtlg-e, p. o. in Barbour co., Kans. Medina, tn. in Peoria co., lU. Pop., 90.5. Medina, tn. in Warren co., Ind. Pop., 609. Medina, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Kans. Medina, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 1,973. Medina, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Clayton. Medina, tn. in Hennepin co., Minn. Pop., 1,0.58. ^Medina, p. v. in Orleans co., N. Y., on Orchard K,, Erie Canal and the Uochester, Lockpovt& Niagara Falls Branch of the New I'ork Cen- tral II, 11., iO mis. W. of Rochester and 16 E. of Lockport. The river furnishes excellent wa- ter-power, which is utilized in manufactories. It is the center of considerable trade. Pop., 2,8.>1. Two newspapers. Medina, co. in Ohio, N. N. E. part. Area, 42.5 sq. mis. Pop., '20,0!« ; in ISGO, 22,517. The sur- face is unduhitiug and the soil well adapted to farming. It is drained by several small streams, the chief of which are the Rocky and Black Rs. and Chippewa Cr. The Atlantic & Great Western R. R. passes through the S. E. corner of the co. Medina is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 205,908 bush.; rye, 13,1120 bush.; Indian-corn, o92,()96 bush.; oats, 537,217 bush.; Irish pot's, 148,911 bush.; sweet pot's, 301 bush.; butter, 975,938 lbs.; hay, 48,619 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,4.54,313. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,- 439,460. Value of manufactures, .'i!747,617. Medina, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop., 1,5.53. •^Medina, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 23 mis. S. by W. Of Cleveland. It has rich agricultural surroundings and a thriving trade. Pop., 1,159. One newspaper. Medina, co. in Tex., 8. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 2,078 ; in 1860, 1,838. The surface is nndnlating, the soil fertile. Medina U. forms part of the.E. boundary, and it is drahied by the Rio Hoiido and other tributaries of the Rio Prioi Castroville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 40 bush.; rye, 2,245 bush.; Indian-corn, 87,240 bush.; Irish pot's, 115 bush.; sweet pot's, Al bush.; butter, 350 lbs. Cash value of farms, !5ill8,570. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $82,668. 'Value of manufactures, ij;15,800. Medina, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 1,525. Medina, p. v. in Outagamie co., AS''is., 12 mis. from Appleton. Medina Kivcr, in Tex.; rises in Kerr co., in- tersects Bandera co., separates Bexar from Medina CO., and joining the Cibolo R.. near Helena, forms the; San Antonio R. Medo, tn. in lUue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 712. Medo, p. o. in t he aljove tn. Medo, p. o. in Bell co., Tex. Medoc, p. V. in Jasper co.. Mo., 15 mis. from Cartilage. Medon, p. v. in Madison co., Tenn., on the JSIississippi Central R. R., llmls. S. of Jackson. Pop. about 300. Mcdora, p. v. in Macoupin co.. 111., on the Roekford, Rock Island &, St. Louis R. R., 38 mis. N. of St. Louis. Pop. about 200. Medora, p. v. in Jackson co., Ind., on the Ohio A: Missis.sippi R. R., 21 mis. from Mitcliel. Medora, p. o. in Warren co., Iowa. Medora, p. o. in the v. of St. Albert, in Osage CO., Mo., on the Missouri R., Atlantic & Paci- fic R. R., 20 mis. E. of Jeffersonville. Medusa, p. v. in Albany co., N. i'., 22 mis. from Coxsackie Station. Pop., 94. Medway, p. o. in Penobscot co., Me. Mcdway, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 3,721. *Medwjis>', )>. v. in the above tn., on the Woon- socket Division of Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 25 mis. S. W. of Boston and 13 N. E. of Woonsocket. A thriving place with one newspaper. Medway, p. v. in Greene co., N. Y., 7 mis. from Coxsackie Station. Medway, p. v. in Clark co., Ohio, 3 mis. from Osljorne. Medway Plantation, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 321. Medybenips, p. o. in Washington co.. Me. Meeker, co. in Minn., central part. Area, 648 sq. mis. Pop., 6,090; in 1860, 928. The Crow R.iu- intcrsects the northern part of the co. The sur- face is rolling and consists chiefly of produc- tive prairies. There are numerous lakes in the CO. The St. Paul & Pacific R. R. passes through it. Litchlield is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat 135,147 bush.; rye, 619 bush.; Indian-corn, 28,974 bush.; oats, 92,- 532 bush.; Irish pot's, 39,913 bush.; butter, 142,- 771 lbs.; hay, 15,329 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,136,.505. 'Total, estimated, value of all larm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $411,917. Value of manufactures, $150,345. Meeker, p. o. in Washington co., Wisi. Meeker's Grove, i). v. in La Fayette CO., Wis., 11 mis. from Belmont. Meenee, tn. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Pop., 1,579. Meenie, p. v. in tlic above tn., 14 mis. from Manitowoc. Meeting- Street, p. o. in Edgefield district, S.C. Mekerrin, tn. in Brunswick co., \'a. Pop., 5.019. Meherrin, p. v. in Prince Edward co., Va., on the Richmond & Danville R. R., 65 mis. S. W. of Richmond. Meherrin River. (See Chowan River.) Meboopany, tn. in 'Wyoming co.. Pa. Pop., 888. Melioopany, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pennsylvania & New York R. R. and Canal Company's Line, 99 mis. N. of Mauch Chunk. Meigs, CO. in Ohio., S. E.part. Area, 340 sq. mis. Pop., 31,465 ; in 1860, 26,534. The Ohio R. washes the S. and S.E. boundary and separates the CO. from W.Va. Shade R. and other afflu- ents of the Ohio drain it. The surface js un- dulating and descends with steep slopes to the highly in-oductive bottom of the Ohio. Pomeroy "is the co. seat. Agi-. productions in 1870: Wheat, 140,267 bush.; rye, 2,975 bush.; In- dian-corn, 479,9.33 bush.; oats, 102,980 bush.; Irish pot's, 163,132 bush.; sweet pot's,5,920 bush.; butter, 489,087 lbs.; hay, 19,464 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,576,131. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includinj^ additions to stock, etc., §1,468,343. Value of manufac- tures, $1,912,867. Meig.s, tn. in Adams co., Ohio. Pop., 1,748. Meig's, tn. m Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop., 1,412. Meigs, CO. in Tenn., S. E. part. Area, 1.55 sq. nils. Pop., 4,.511 ; in 1860, 4,667. Its entire N. W. boundary is formed by the Tennessee R. The Hiawassee R. intersects the soutliern part. The surface is pleasantly diversified by hill and dale, and the soil is highly productive. Decatur is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: W'heat, 29,603 bush.; rye, 452 bush.; In- dian-corn, 176,733 bush.; oats, 18,776 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,358 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,497 bush.; butter, 47,101 lbs.; hay, 449 tons. Cash value of farms, $729,108. Total, estimated, value of all fai-m productions, including additions to stock, etc., $266,338. Value of manufactures, $46,097. Meig's Creek, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. McDg'sville, tn. in Morgan co., Ohio. Pop., 1,29.5. Meigsville, p. v. In the v. of Unionville. in Morgan co., Ohio, 8 mis. from McConnelsville. Melburn, p. v. in Williams co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. K., 6 mlit "VA". of Bryan. Melissa, p. o. in Ozark co., ]Mo. Mc llssa, p. o. in Collin co., Tex. MELISSADALE. 557 MENDOCINO. Slclissadale, p. o. in Butler co., Pa. Melleiiville, p. V. in Columbia co., N. Y.,on the Hudson & Boston R. R., 9 mis. Ji. of Hud- son. Melleray, p. o. in Dubuque co., Iowa. MelIing:ton, v. in Kendall co., 111., on the Fox River Line of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincjr R. R., 23 mis. from Aurora. Pop. about 250. Mellonville, p. v. in Orange co., Fla., 40 mis. from Port Orange. MeHo-«v "Valley, p. o. in Clay co., Ala. Mellwood, p. o. in Prince George's co., Md. Molmore, p. v. in Seneca co., Ohio, 7 nils, from Tiftin. Pop., 18S. Meloy, p. o. in Washington CO., Pa. Melpine, p. o. in Muscatine co., Iowa. Molrose, tn. in Adams co., 111. Pop., -2,076. Melrose, tn. in Clark co.. 111. Pop., 989. Melrose, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Martinsville. Melrose, tn. in Grundy CO., Iowa. Pop., 513. Melrose, p. o. in tlie above tn. Melrose, v. in Lee co., Iowa, on the Des Moines Valley R. R., 9 mis. from Keokuk. Melrose, tn. "in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 3,tl4. Melrose, p. v. in the above In., on the Boston & Maine R. R., 7 mis. N. of Boston. One news- pa per. Melrose, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 209. Melrose, p. v. in the above tn., 50 mis. X. of St. Cloud. Melrose, p. o. in St. Louis co., Mo. Melrose, p. o. in Robeson co., K. C. Melrose, v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on New York & Harlem R. R., 10 mis. W. of New York city. Two newspapers. Melrose, p. o. in Nacogdoches CO., Tex, Melrose, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. Melrose, tn. in Jackson co.. Wis. Pop., 929. Melrose, p. v. in the above tn., 16 mis. S. W. of l!lack River Falls. Meltoji, tn. in Jetferson co., Ark. Pop., 800. Mel Ions, p. o. in Louisa co., Va. Melton's Mill, p. o. in Tallapoosa CO., AJla. Meltousville, p. o. in IMarshall co., Ala. Melvern, p. o. in Osage co., Kans. MelTille, p. o. in Chattooga co., Ga. Melvin, p. o. in Floyd co.. 111. Melvina, p. o. in Monroe co.. Wis. Melvin Village, p. v. in Carroll co., N. II., 16 nils, from Meredith Village. Memory, p. o. in the v. of Dayton in Taylor CO., Iowa, 13 mis. from Nodaway. Memphis, p. o. in Pickens co., Ala. Memphis, p. v. in Clarke co., Ind., on the Jef- fersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 4 mis. from Jefl'ersonville. Pop. about 300. ♦Memphis, p. o. in Macombe co., Mich. Memphis, v. in St. Clair co., Mich. ♦Memphis, p. v. and the co. seat of Scotland CO., Slo., on the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska R. R., 40 mis. "W. of Keokuk, Iowa. Center of a large trade in wool and cereals. Pop., 1,007. One newspaper. Memphis, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 12 mis. "W. of Syra- cuse. Pop., 223. , Memphis, p.v. in Clinton co., Ohio, 4 mis. from Lexington. Memphis, p. o. in Butler CO., Pa. ♦Memphis, city, port of entry and the CO. seat of Shelby co., Tenn.; lies on the Mississippi R., 4tJ0 mis. below St. Louis, and is the W. ter- minus of the Memphis & Charleston R. R.; the S. W. terminus of the Memphis & Louis- ville R. R. (377 mis. S. W. of Louisville); the N. terminus of the Mississippi & Tennessee R. R. nvfA the E. terminus of tlie Memphis & Little Rock R. R. It is pleasantly situated on the Chickasaw Bluff, about GO feet above high- water mark, and h.as tine private residences and large warehouses. The public schools are good and the higher institutions of learning, as the State Female College, the Memphifj Fe male College and the St. Agnes Female Acad- emy, are in a flourishing condition. It is the most important commercial city between New Orleans and St. Louis, and enjoys daily steamboat connections with .all the principal places on the Mississippi and Ohio Rs. In 1871 it had 42 steam vessels, with 9,29S tons of burden. The number of inhabitants was, in 1850, 8,841 ; in 1860, 21,021, and in 1870, 40,226 ; in- cluding 18,004 white and 1.5,442 colored natives of the United States, and 6,780 natives of for- eign countries. There were, in 1873, 22 news- papers published in the city. Memphis JTnnetion, p. o. in Warren co., Ky. Memphramagog', Lake, partly in Orleans CO., Vt., and partly tti Canada; is "about 20 mis. long and from 2 to 4 nils, wide, lias cold and Clear water, abounding in trout and muscal- longo. Becoming quite a resort for summer tourists. Menallen, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 1,814. Menallen, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. of Gettysburgh. Menallen, tn. in Fayette co., Pa. Pop., 1,376. Menard, co. in 111., central part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 11,735 ; in 1860, 9,584. The surface is level; the soil fertile. The Sangamon R. flows through the co. from S. to N., and with its tributary Salt Cr. forms the N. boundary. The Chicago & Alton R. R. and the Springfield & Northwestern R. R. intersect the co. Peters- burgh is the CO. seat. Agr. pi'oductions in 1870 : "Wheat, 81,945 bush. ; rye, 4,2.83 bush.; In- dian-corn, 1,973,880 bush.; oats, 235,091 bush.; Irish pot's, 41,456 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,7.54 bush.; butter, 237,575 lbs.; liay, 13,323 tons. Ca.sh value of farms, 7,944,895. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including iwlditions to stock, etc., $2,237,505. Value of manufactures, §578,735. Menard, co. in Tex., "W. part. Area about 500 sq. nils. Pop., 667. The surface consists of rolling prairies. The San Saba R. rises in the western part of the co. and receives several small affluents, as Las Moras, Elm and Craw- ford Crs. INIenardviile is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 938 bush.; sweet pot's, 620 bush.; butter, 1,390 lbs.; hay, 28 tons. Cash value of farms, $15,050. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., .$19,985. Menardville, p. v. and the co. seat of the above co., on the San Saba R. and 150 mis. "W. N. "W. of Austin. Menasha, tn. in Winnebago co., "Wis. Pop., 3.107. ♦Menasha, p. v. in the above tn., on Fox R., near the outlet of "^'innebagoLakeandon tlje ^Yisconsin Centr.al R. R. .and the Wisconsin Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 18 mis. N. of Oshkosh. Engaged extensively in manufacturing and lake trade. Pop., 2,484. One newspaper. Menden, tn. in Steele co., Minn. Pop., 739. Mendham, tn. in Morris co., N. J. Pop., 1,573. Mendham. p. v. in the above tn., 7J4mls. from Morristow'n. Mendocino, co. in Cal., N. "W.part. Area, 3,123 sq. mis. Pop., 7,545 ; in 1860, 3,907. It borders in the W. on the Pacific Ocean. Tlie principal surface features are two chains of the Coast Ranges, which trend through the co. from N. to S. and inclose a beautiful valley, traversed "by the upper courses of the Eel R. and the Russian R. The numerous tributaries of these streams rise in the mountains and flow through the lateral valleys, thus greatly di- versifying the surface. In the range border- ing the coast there are upward of 20 streams, many of them of considerable volume, though but a few miles in length. The largest of these is the Navarro R., flowing through Anderson Vallev and emptving into tlie Pacific. From Shelter Cove on theN. to Haven's Anchorage MENDOCINO. 558 MERCED. on the S., the outer Coast Range is covered with unbroken and nearly inijjenetrable for- ests o£ redwood and pine, which yiehl hirge quantities of valuable timber, supporting nu- merous saw mills of great capacity. In the eastern range there are many bald pks., from 5,000 to more than 6,000 feet lii elevation. The valleys comprise good farming lands. Fruit is also extensively raiscil. Ukiah City is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: "Wheat, 95,639 bush.; rye, 1,338 bush.; Indian-corn, 6,878 bush.; oats, 1'2<),971 bush.; Irish pot's, 83,473 bush.; wool, 178,493 lbs.; butter, 62,692 lbs.; hay, 10,116 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,364,643. Total, estimated, value of all farm ]n'oduc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $616,- 373. Value of manufactures, $1,006,464. •Mendocino, p. v. in Mendocino co., Cal., on the Pacific coast, 130 mis. N. of San J^'rancisco, at the mouth of Big R. It commands consid- erable inland and coast trade, its wharves be- ing able to accommodate the largest vessels. Pop. about 1,600. One newspaper. Mendocino, tn. in Sonoma co., Cal. Pop., 2,690. Mendon, p. o. in El Dorado co., Cal. Mendon, tn. in Adams co.. 111. Pop., 1,796. Mcndon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Carthage Division of Chicago, Burlington & Quincy K. R., 'J6 mis. from Carthage. Pop., 501. Mendon, tn. in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 2,029. Mendon, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,175. Mondon, p. v. in tlie above tn., 3 mis. from Mil lord. Mendon, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 1,908. Mendon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 21 mis. S. of Kalama- zoo. Has good water-power and considerable trade with the surrounding agricultural dis- trict. Pop., 660. One newspaper. Mcndon, p. o. in Chariton co., Mo. Mendon, tn. in Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 2,900. Mendon, p. v. in the above tn., 2><^ mis. W. of Fishers on the Central R. R. Mendon, p. v. in Mercer eo., Ohio, 13 mis. from St. Mary's. Pop., 164. Mendon, p. v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., 6 mis. from West Newton. Mendon, p. o. Caclie eo., Utah Ter. Mendon, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 612. Mendon, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from Rutland. Mendon Center, p. v. in Monroe co., X. Y., 5 mis. W. of fishers on the Kew York Central R. R. Mendota, tn. in La Salle co., 111. Pop., 4,589. *^Mendota, p. v. in the above tn., on the Illi- nois Central R. R., Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. and Mendota & Prophetstown Division of Cliieago. Burlington & Quincy li. R., 8.') nils. S. \\ . of Chicago and 20 mis. N. W. Of Ottawa. A growing place, eligibly situated for a large trade. Pop., 3,.')46. One new.spaper. Mendota, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 444. Mendota, p. v. in the above tn., at the junction of the St Paul ib Sioux City R. R. with tlie Chicago, Jlilwaukee St. Paul R. R.. 47 mis. N. of Faribault. It lies near the confluence of the Minnesota and Mississippi Rs. Mendota, p. o. in Putnam co.. Mo. Menckanne, p. v. in Oconio co., Wis., on Green li., at the mouth of the Menomonee R., opposite Menomonee, Mich. Menifee, co. in Ky., E. central part. Area about 4r)0 SCI. mis. Pop., 1,986. The co. borders in the N. on Licking R., and in the S. on Red R., a trilmtary of the Kentucky R. The sur- face is hilly and broken. Freiiehburgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,760 bush.; rye, 131 bush.; Indian-corn, 73,725 bush.; oats, 10,662 bush.; Iri.sh jiof s, 4,111 bush.; sweet iiot's, 975 bush.; butter, 406 lbs.; hay, 99 tons. Cash value of farms, $191,120. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- eluding additions to stock, etc., $73,S00. Valuo of manufactures, $9,850. Menio ParU, p. o. in San M.ateo eo., Cal. Menio Park, p. o. in Middlesex co., N. J. Menno, tn. in Mifflin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,173. Menno, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Reedsville. Menominee, p. o. in Cedar co., Nebr. Menomonee, tn. iu Jo Daviess co.. 111. Pop.. 593. Menomonee, co. in Mich.,N. part. Pop., 1,791. It borders on Green B. and the Menomonee R., which separates it from Wis. Cedar R. iutersects the central part. The surface is broken and hilly ; the soil but moderately fertile. The co. contains productive iron mines. Menomonee is the co. seat. Cash value of farms, $7,100. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions,including additions to stock, etc., $4,484. Value of manufactures, $609,737. Menomonee, tn. in Monomonee co., Mich. Pop., 1,597. ^Menomonee, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the W. shore of Green B., at mouth of Menomonee R. and on the Chicago & North- western R. R. Largely engaged in lumber trade and in mining iron and marble. One newsjiaper. Menomonee, tn. in Dunn co., Wis. Pop., 2,210. ''^Menomonee, p. v. and the co. seat of Dunn CO., Wis., on the North Wisconsin R. R., and Red Cedar R., 22 mis. N. W. of Eau Claire. Has good water-power, which is employed by saw and jjlaining m^ills. Pop. about J,500. Ono newspaper. Menomonee, tn. in Waukesha co., Wis. Pop., 2,3.J0. Menomonee Falls, p. v. in Waukesha eo., Wis., '614 mis. from Granville. Menomonee River forms part of the bound- ary between the northern peninsula of Mich, and Wis. it is formed by the junction of the Mequacumecnin and Peshekemec ^is., and empties into Green B. between Monomonee and Menekaune. Peshekemec R. is the outlet of Michegami Lake in Mariiuette co., Mich. Menoti, p. o. in Buena Vista co., Iowa. Mentor, p. o. in Bremer co., Iowa. Mentor, tn. in Lake co., Ohio. Pop., 1,66G. ^leutor, p. V. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 6J4 nils. S. W. of Painesville. Pop., 416. Mentor, tn. in Clark co.. Wis. Pop., 441. Mciitz, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,278. Meiizie, p. o. in Franklin co., Iowa. Meqnon, tn. in Ozaukee co.. Wis. Pop., 3,156. Meqnon River, p. v. in the v. of ThiensvUle, in Ozaukee co.. Wis., on the Milwaukee & Northern R. R. Meramec Citation, p. v. in St. Louis co.. Mo., on the iMeramee R. and the Atlantic & Pacilic R. R., 2054 mis. W. of St. Louis. Merced, co. in Cal., central part. Area, 1,680 sq. mis. Pop., 2,807 ; in 18(i0, 1,141. It extends from the coast range, on the S. W.,to the foot- hills of the Sierra Nevada on the N. E.. and is traversed by the San Joaquin It. from S. E. to N. W. This stream receives the following tril)utaries within the limits of the Co.: Mer- ced R., Black Cr., Owens Cr., Mariposa R., Deadmen's Cr., Chowchilla R., which forms part of the S. boundary, St. Louis Cr., Arroyo de los lUifios and Sausalitos Cr. The surlUce is mostly low and level and the soil very fer- tile. Along the San .Joaquin extends a belt of taVile-lands. Agriculture is the principal pursuit. The grape vine is extensively culti- vated. Snelling is the CO. scat. A.i'r. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 218,162 bu.sh.; Indian- corn, 14,456 bush.; oats, 750 bush.; Irish pot'.s, 13,830 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,330 bush.; wool, 2:^1,072 lbs.; butter, 232,530 lbs.; hay, 8,195 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,324,112. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- MERCED. 559 MEREDITH. lug additions to stock, etc., $754,769. Value of manufactures, $66,437. Merced, p. v. in the above co., on the Visalia Division of the Central Pacific B. R., 57 mis. from Stockton. It is a new and growing place with two newspapers. Merced Falls, p. v. in Merced co., Cal., on the Merced R. and 40 mis. W. of Turlock. Merced River, a tributary of the San Joa- quin R. in Cal.; is formed by the North and South Forks, which rise in the Sierra Nevada of Mariposa co., and flows through Merced CO. in a westerly direction. The North Fork of the Merced R. traverses the famous Yose- mite Valley. (See Yosemite Valley.) Mercer, CO. in 111., N. W. p.art. Area, 510 sq. mis. Pop., 18,769 ; in 1860, l.'),042. It borders in the W. on the Mississippi R., whicli separates It from Iowa. Kdward R. and Pope Cr. inter- sect it from W. to E. The surface is rolling and the soil excellent. The Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R. and the Chicago, Bur- lington & Quincy R. R. pass through the CO. Aledo is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 302,494 bush.; rye, 40,778 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,054,%2 bush.; oats, 452,889 bush.; Irish pot's, 94,241 bush.; sweet pot's, 420 bush.; butter, .376,727 lbs.; hay, 28,180 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,788,303. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,848,387. Value of manufactures, $250,527. Mercer, tn. in Mercer co.. 111. Pop., 1,949. Mercer, tn. in Adams co., Iowa. Pop., 138. Mercer, co. in Ky., central part. Area, 308 sq. mis. Pop., 13,144 ; in 1860, 13,701. The surface is undulating^ and the soil rich. The Ken- tucky R. andDicks R.form the eastern bound- ary. The East Fork of Salt 11. intersects the CO. from S. to N. Hari-odsburgli is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 146,- 534 bush.; rye, 23,949 bush.; Indian-corn, 495,775 bush.; oats, 66,001 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,551 bush.: sweet pot's, 2,145 bush.; butter, 123,042 lbs.; bay, 2,992 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,022,762. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $949,552. Value of manufactures, $237,915. Mercer, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Pop., 846. Mercer, p. V. in the above tn., 14 mis. from North Belgrade. Mercer, co. iu Mo., N. part, bordering on Iowa. Pop., 11,557 ; in 1860, 9,300. The surface is level or undulating, and about equally divided be- tween timber land and prairies. Coal, iron and copper have been discovered. The co. is drained by Weldon R. and Crooked Fork of Grand R. Tlie Southern Division of the Chica- go, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. passes through it. Princeton is the co. seat. Agr. pi'oductions in 1870: Wheat, 69,068 bush.; j-ye, 9,669 bush.; Indian-corn, 472,730 bush.; oats, 160,081 bush.; Irish pot's, 42,969 bush.; sweet pot's, l,046bush.; tobacco, 17,550 lbs.; butter, 234,074 lbs.; hay, 11,- 662 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,822,948. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $907,586. Value of manufactures, $79,035. Mercer, co. inN. J.,W. central part. Area. 221 >^ sq. mis. Pop., 46,386 ; in 1860, 37,419. The Dela- ware R. forms the south-western boundary, and Millstone R. the south-eastern. Stony and Assunpink Crs. drain it. Tlie surface is generally level. The soil is fertile and well cultivated. The New Jersey R. R. and the Camden & Amboy R. R. intersect the co. Trenton is the co. seat. Agi". productions iu 1870: Wheat, 149,238 bush.; rye, 16,505 bush.; oats, 428,143 bush.; Indian-corn, 545,547 bush.; Irish pot's, 222,207 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,724 bush.; butter, 500,342 lbs.; hay, 28,767 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,102,100. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,332,203. Principal pro- ducts of industry: Forged and rolled iron, $1,914,728 ; flour and meal, $526,513 ; stone and earthen ware, $8.53,585, and woollen goods, $436,337. Total value of raianufactures, $S,881,- 074. Mercer, co. in Ohio, W. part. Area, 470 sq. mis. Pop., 17,254 ; in 1860, 14,104. The surtace is level and the soil fertile. It is drained by the headwaters of the Wabash B.; St. Mary's B. flows through the N. E. part. In the E. part is Reservoir Lake, one of the largest iu the state. Celina is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 338,289 bush.; rye, 14,659 bush.; Indian-corn, 341,775 bush.; oats, 244,289 bush.; Irish pot's, 34,298 bush.; sweet pot's, 370 bush.; butter, 373,956 lbs.; hay, 16,527 tons. Cash value of farms, $.5,229,599. Total, esti- mated, value of .all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,090,590. Value of manufactures, $382,559. Mercer, p. o. in the above co. Mercer, co. in Pa., W.N. VV. part. Area about 780 sq. mis. Pop., 49,977 ; in 1860, 36,856. It is bounded on the W. by Ohio and traversed by the Shenango R. from N. to S. The other streams which drain it are Neshannock Cr., Sandy Cr. and PymatuningCr. Thesurfacflis undulating and the soil very productive. The Erie & Pittsburgh R. R. and the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. intersect the co. Mercer is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 341,922 bush.; rye, 24,850 bush.; oats, 883,965 bush.; Indian-corn, 639,743 bush.; Irish pot's, 149,124 bush.; sweet pot's, 113 bush.; butter, 1,516,067 lbs.; hay, 58,422 tons. Cash value of farms, $22,048,299. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,358,557. Total v lue of nianufac- tures, $6,544,277, including $1,125,000 for forged and rolled iron, and $2,439,311 for pig iron. *Mcrcer, p. bor. and co. seat of Mercer co.. Pa., on the Shenango & Alleghany R. R. and the Neshannock Cr., 60 mis. N. by W. of Pitts- burgh. Center of a rapidly growing trade in. the mineral productions of the surrounding region. Pop., 1,235. Two newspapers. Mercer, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 478. Mercer, co. in W. Va., S. central part. Area about 425 sq. mis. Pop., 7,064; in 18i;o, 6,819. It is bounded by tlie Alleghany Mts. on the S.E., the Great Flat Top Mt. on tlie N. W. and the New R. on the N. E., and consists mainlj' of two beautiful and productive valleys, that of the Blue Stone R. and of the East R., tributaries of the New R. Princeton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in I860 : Wheat, 25,726 bush.; rye, 5,.597 bush.; Indian-corn, 114,746 bush.; oats, 43,184 bush.; Irisli pot's, 10,807 bush.; sweet pot's, 15 bush.; butter, 109,355 lbs.; hay, 2,517 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,110,793. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $303,500. Value of manufactures, $11,204. Mercer, tn. in Loudoun CO., Va. Pop., 4,360. Mercer's Bottom, p. v. iu Mason co., W. Va., on the Ohio R. *MercersbursU, p. bor. in Franklin co.. Pa., 10 mis. W. of Gieencastle. Seat of " Mercers- burgh College " of the Reformed Church in the United States. Pop., 971. One newspaper. Mercer Station, p. o. in Muhlenburgh co., Ky. Mercer Salt Worfcs, p. o. iu Summers CO., W. Va. Mercer ville, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. Merctaaiitville, p. o. in Camden co., N. J. Mercbantville, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., 4 mis. W. of Campbelltown. Mercnr, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Mercury, p. v. in Madison co., Ind., 6 mla. from Franklin. Mercyville, p. o. in Macon co.. Mo. Mereditli, p. o. in Cloud co., Kans. Mereditli, tu. in Belknap co., N. H. Pop., 1,807. Mereditb, tn. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop., 1,462. MEREDITH. 560 MERRYALL. Slercditli, p. v. in Delaware co.,N. Y., 123^ mis. from Oneonta. Meredith, p. v. in the v. of INfiller Farm, in Venanfjo eo., Pa., on the Oil Creek & Alle- ghany 11. R., 33 mis. S. of Corry. Idercditli Centre, p. v. in Belknap CO., N. H., .") nils, from Meredith village. *JHereditU Village, p. v. in Belknap co., N. H., near the W. end of VVinnipiseogee Lake and on the Boston, Concord & Montreal R. II., 37 Tnls from Concord. It has manufactories. Meredosia, tn. in Jlorgan co.. 111. Pop., 1,383. Meredosia, ]). v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western K. R., 24 mis. from Jacksonville. Pop. about 500. Meriden, tn. in New Haven co.. Conn. Pop., 10,4'X). Merideu, city in the above tn., on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 18 mis. N. of New Haven. It has large factories of Britania ware, turning out over $3,000,000 worth of articles per annum ; tin ware, cut- Ici'y, hoops and corsets, malleable iron and shot guns. The surroundings are very pic- turesque. Near the city are the "Hanging Hflls," which afford magniflcent views. Seven newspapers. Meriden, tn in La Salle CO., 111. Pop., 1,069. Meriden, p. v. iu the above tn., oil the Chicago, Burlincfton & Quincy R. R., 42 mis. from Aurora. Pop. about ir)0. Meriden, tn. in Steele co., Minn. Pop., 739. Meriden, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Winona & St. Peter R. R., 9 mis. from Owatonna. Pop. about 50. *Meriden, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. H., 7 mis. from Lebanon. Meridian, p. o. in Sutter CO., Cal. Meridian, v. in Mercer co.. 111. Meridian, p. o. in Union parish. La. Meridian, tn. in Ingham co., Mich. Pop., 1 .374. ♦Meridian, city and the co. seat of Lauder- dale CO., JNIi.ss., on the Ohio & jNIobile R. R., Alabama As Chattanooga R. R., and Vicks- burgh & ^Meridian R. K., 140 mis. L. of Vicks- burfih. Center of a large cotton and produce trade, and rapidly increasing in population and commercial importance. Pop., 2,709. Pive ne\vs)")apers. Meridian, p. v. and the co. scat of Jefferson CO., Nebr., o'i iris, from Crete. ♦Meridian, p. v. in Caj'Ufja co., N. Y., 10 mis. from \Veedsp'>rt. Pop., 249. Meridian, p. v. and the co. seat of Bosque co., Texas, 39 inls. from Waco. Meridianville, p o. in Madison co., Ala. Merion, ii. o. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Merion Scfnare, v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., 2 mis. W. of JMill Creek Station, onPluladelphia & Reading U. It. The p. o. is Lower Merion. MeriweMicr, co. in Ga., W. part. Area, 490 sq. mis. Pop., 13,75(); in ISBO, 15,230. The eastern boundary is formed by the Flint R., wliosc affluents. Red Oak Cri, Cane Cr. and Pigeon Cr., drain the largest part of the co. Tlie stU'face is rolling and the soil generally fertile. Greenville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat. 33.098 bush.; rj^e, 58 hush.; Indian-corn, 200,830 bush.; oats, 2.3,776 bush.; sweet pot's, 27,648 bush.; cotton, 8,230 bales ; butter, 85,480 ll)s. Cash value of farms, $510,380. Tola', estimated, value of all farm protluctions, including additions to stock, etc., SI ,078,2'.I0 Value of manufactures, $129,350. Mermaid, p. p. in New Castle co., Del. Mernientoi», p. o. in St. Landry parish, La. Meroa, p. o. iu JSIitchell co., Iowa. ♦Mcroin, \). v. iu Sullivan Co., Ind., 10 mis. from Sulhvan. Pop., 42'J. it is an agricultu- ral tn. Merriam, p. v. in Noble CO., Ind., 10 mis. from Coluniljia City. Merriam, p. o. in Scott co., Minn., a station on the St. Paul & Sioux Citj' R. R. Is a ship- ping pomt for Carver and Chaska, W. of the Minnesota R. Merrick, co. in Nebr., E. central part. Ai-ea, 395 sq. mis. Pop., 557; in 18(i0, 109. The Platte R. forms the S. K. boundary of the co. and tlie Union Pacific R. R. intersects it, following the valley of this stream. Prairie Cr. nowa through tlie co. from S. W. to N. E. The sur- face is gently rolling and consists of fertile prairies. Lone Tree is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 9,999 bush.; Indian- corn, 13,024bush.; oats, 31,579 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,029 bush.; butter, 13,205 lbs.; liay, 1,548 tons. Cash value of farms, $1.31,670. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $.53,845. Merriclc, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. Merriekton, p. o. in Queen Anne co., Md. Merrick villc, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. Merrills, v. in Tehama co., Cal. Pop., 124. Merrillon, p. v. in .Jackson co.. Wis., on Green Bay & Lake Pepin R. R. and on the West Wis- coiisin R. R. Merrill's Store, p. o. in Caroline co., Va. Merrillsville, p. v. in St. Clair co., Mich., 1? mis. from Capac. Merrillsville, p. o. in Franklin co., N. Y. Merrilltown, p. o. in Travis co., Tex. Merrillville, p. o. of the v. of Centreville, ii Lake co., Ind., 6 mis. N. of Crown Point. Merrimac, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Iowa. Merrimack, co.inN. H., S. central part. Area about 700 sq. mis. Pop., 42,151 ; in 18(30, 41,408. It is traversed from N. to S. by the Merrimac R., which receives Suncook R. from the E. and Warner R. with the Contoocook R. from the AY. Tlie surface is broken and in many pai'ts hilly. The Concord, Montreal & Boston R. R., and" the Manchester & North Weare R. R. in- tersect the CO. Concord is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 31,403 bush.: rye, 5,068 bush.; oats, 103,.525 bush.; Indian-corn, 189,788 bush.; Irish pot's, 472,131 bush.; butter, 745,386 lbs.; hav, 78,278 tons. Casli value of farms, $12,096,577. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stoclc, etc., $3,120,292. Princi))al products of industry: Cotton goods, $1,516,209; woollen goods, $1,210,217, and carriages and wagons, $478,130. Value of manufactures, $7,627,676. Merrimac, p. v. in Hillsborough eo., N. IL, on the Merrimac R. and the Concord, Nashua & I.,owell R. II., 7 mis. N. of Nashua. Merrimac, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Pop., 1,066. Merrimac, tn. in Sauk co.. Wis. Pop., 765. Merrimac, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Madi- son & .St Paul lAnct of the Chicago & North- western R. R.. .36 mis. W. of Madison. Merrimack Point, p. o. in the v. of Smith's Lamllng, in Monroe CO., 111. Merrimac River is formed by the conflu- ence of the Winnipisseogee and Pemigewasset lis., which unite near the boundary of Belk- nap and Merrimack cos., N. H. It then flows S. through Merrimack and Hillsborough cos., and enters Middlesex co., Mass., where it as- sumes a nortli-easterly course tlirough Essex CO., and then empties into the Atlantic Ocean. It is navigable for small vessels as far as Haver- hill, but vessels may ascend to Concord, N. II. by the canals constructed around the falls. It altords immense water-power, which is ex- tensively emiiloyed in the prosperous manu- facturing cities situated upon its banks. Merritt, p. o. in Saline co.. Ark. Merritt, tn. in Yolo co., Cal. Pop., 480 Merritt, p. o. in Scott co.. 111. Merritt's Bridge, p. o. in Aiken di.s.trict, S. C. Merrittstown, p. v. in Fayette co., Pa., 10 mis. from Uniontown. Merrow Station, p. v. in Tolland co.. Conn., on the Williinantic R. and the New London Northern R. R., 38U mis. N. of New Loudon. Merryall, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. MEERY GREEN. 561 MIAMI. Merry Green, tn. in Grant co., Ark. Pop., 278. Merry Oaks, p. o. in (Jliatham co., N. C. Merry Point, p. o. in Lancaster co., Va. Merstaou's Cross Roads, p. o. in Laurel co., Merton, tn. in Steele co., Minn. Pop., 548. Merton, p. o. in tlie above tn. Merton, tn. in Waukesha co., Wis. Pop., 1,612. Merton, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Hartland. Mertztown, p. v. in Berks co., Pa., on the East , Pennsylvania R. R., 16 mis. S. W. of Allen- town. Merwlnsbnrgrb, p. o. in Monroe co., Pa. Meshannon, p. o- in Centre co., Pa. Meslioppeu, tn. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Pop., 1,239. Mesboppen, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pennsylvania & New York Canal and R. R. Co.'s Line, 15 mis. from Tunkhannock. Mesilla, p. v. and the co. seat of Dona Ana co., N. Mex. Ter., on the W. bank of the Rio Grande and 15 mis. below Dona Ana. Mesopotamia, tn, in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 796. Mesopotamia, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Phalanx. MessengerTHle,p. o.in thev.of State Bridge, in Cortland co., N. Y., on the Syracuse, Bing- hamton & New York R. R. Messentaeimer, tn. in Union co., lU. Pop., 1,076. Messongro, p. o. in Accomack co., Va. Metal, tn. in Franklin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,419. Metamora, tn, in Woodford co.. 111. Pop., 1,718. *Metamora, p, v. and the co. seat of Wood- ford CO., 111., on the West Division of the Chi- cago & Alton R. R., 30 mis. N. W. of Blooming- ton and 8 mis. E. of Illinois R. A manufactur- ing town with one newspaper. Pop., 702. Metamora, tn. in Franklin co., Ind. Pop., 1,222. Metamora, p. v. in the above tn., onthe Wliite Water Vallev R. R., 16 mis. from Connersville. Pop. about 500. Metamora, tn. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pop., 1,310. Metamora, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Lapeer. Metamora, p. v. in Fulton co., Ohio, 10 mis. from Sylvania. Metcalfe, co. in Ky., S. part. Area about 500 sq.. mis. Pop., 7,934 ; in 1860, 6,745. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. The South i'ork of the Green R. rises near the southern boundary and traverses the co. from S. E. to N. W. Edmonton is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 38,818 bush.; rye, 1,679 bush.; Indian-corn, 276,207 bush.; oats, 62,462 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,000 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,506 bush.; tobacco, 1,310,381 lbs.; butter, 84,350 lbs.; hay, 1,045 tons. Cash value of farms, $916,599. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $522,- 661. Value of manufactures, $71,463. Metcalf Station, v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Mil lord Branch of the Boston & Albany R. R. Metea, p. o. in Cass co,, Ind, Metedeconk, p. v. in Ocean co., N. J., 9]4 mis. from Farmingdale. Metbren, p. o. in Martin co., Minn. Metbaen, tn. in Esses co., Mass. Pop., 2,959. Metbnen, p. v. in the above tn., on the Man- chester & Lawrence R. R,, 2 mis, from Law- rence. Metomen, tn. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis. Pop., 1,898. Metomen, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hori- con Division of Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 111^ mis. N. of Waupun. Metompkin, tn, in Accomack co,, Va, Pop., 4,450. 'Metropolis City, the co. seat of Massac co.. Ill,, on the Ohio E., 30 mis. E, by N. of Cairo, 36 Largely engaged in manufacturuig, and has an extensive river trade. Pop,, 2,490, Two newspapers, Metucben, p, v, in Middlesex co., N. J. Metz, p. V. in Steuben co., Ind., 13 mis. from Butler. Metz, p. o. in Vernon co.. Mo. Mexia, p. v. in Limestone co., Tex., on Hous- ton & Texas Central R. R., 39 mis. N, of Bremond. One newspaper. Mexico, p. T. in Miami co., Ind., 5 mis. from Peru. Mexico, tn. in Oxford CO., Me. Pop., 458, Mexico, p. V, in the above tn., 19 mis. from Bryant's Pond. *Mexico, p. V. and the co. seat of Audrain co,. Mo., on the Louisiana* Missouri River R. R. and the North Missouri R. R„ and on Salt R., 52 mis. N. of Jefferson City. Center of an ex- tensive wool and produce trade. Pop., 2,602. Three newspapers. Mexico, tn. in Oswego co., N. Y. Pop., 3,802, *Mexlco, p. V. in the above tn., on Salmon Cr., near Lake Ontario and 1% mis. from Mex- ico (station), on Rome & Oswego R. R. Has some trade and maniifactories of agricultural implements. Pop., 1,204, One newspaper. Mexico, p. o. in Wyandot co., Ohio. Mexico, p. V. in Juniata co.. Pa., on the Penn- sylvania Canal and Pennsylvania Central R. R., 4 mis. S. E. of Mifflinton. Pop., 102. Meyer, new co. in Dak., S. part. Borders in the S. on Nebraska; consists, of undulating prairies and plains, and is drained by numer- ous small tributaries of the White R. Meyerboeffer's Store, p. o. in Rockingham CO., Va. *Meyerstown, p. v. in Lebanon co.. Pa., on the Lebanon Valley Branch of the Philadel- phia & Reading R. R., 6 mis. from Lebanon, Pop., 1,323. Meycrsville, p, v, in De Witt co., Tex., 10 mis from Clinton, Miami, co. in ind., N. central part. Area, 384 sci- mis. Pop., 21,055; in 1860, 16,851. The sur- face is rolling. The uplands are heavily timbered ; and the bottom-lands, which oc- cupy about one fourth of the co., are very rich. The Wabash R. and the Mlssissinnewa R. are the principal streams. Tlie Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R, intersects the Chicago, Cincinnati & St, Louis R, R. at Peru, the co, seat, Agr, productions in 1870 : Wheat, 484,817 bush,; rye, 4,653 bush.: Indian- corn, 417,930 bush.; oats, 100,757 bush.; Irish pot's, 61,687 bush.: sweet pot's, 2,179 bush.; butter, 372,457 lbs.; hay, 17,560 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,223,410. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., §1,539,845. Value of man. ufactures, .$997,933. Miami, tn. in Cass co., Ind, Pop,, 1,008, Miami, p. v. in Miami co., Ind., on the India- napolis, Peru & Chicago R. R., 12 mis, from^ Peru. Pop. about 400. Miami, co. in Kans., E. part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 11,725. The surface is generally level; the soil good. It is drained by the Osage R., Pottawattamie Cr. and Peoria Cr. The CO. is bounded on the E. by Missouri. The central part is intersected from N. to S. by the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R. Paola is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 44,.596 bush.; rye, 814 bush.; In- dian-corn, 764,145 bush.; oats, 268,500 bush.; Irish pot's, 71,242 bush.; sweet pot's, 706 bush.; butter, 240,323 lbs.; hav, 14,147 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,069,590, Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., §891,307, Value of manu- factures, $127,576, Miami, tn. in the above co. Pop., 725. Miami, tn, in Saline co,. Mo. Pop., 3,622. Miami, p, v, in the above tn,, 12 mis, from Brunswick, Pop,, 742, MIAMI. 562 MICHIGAN. Bfiaml, co. In Ohio, W. part Area, 410 sq. mis. Pop., 33,740; in 1860, 29,959. The surface is generally level and the soil fertile. It is in- tersected from N. to. S. hy the Miami K. and Canal, and also drained by the S. W. branch of the Miami. Tlie Pittsburgli, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. and the Dayton & Michigan R. R. intersect the co. Troy is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8,58,886 bush.; rye, 5,856 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,293,096 bush.; oats, 379,415 bush.; Irish pot's, 82,521 bu»h.; sweet pot's, 5,083 bush.; butter, 489,132 lbs.; hay, 11,531 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,650,827. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,993,974. Value of manufactures, $2,- 958,840. Miami, tn. in Montgomery co., Ohio. Pop., 4.418. Miami, tn. in Clermont co., Ohio. Pop., 3,491. Miami, tn. in Greene CO., Ohio. Pop., 2,748. Miami, tn. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Pop., 2,105. Miami, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. from Cincinnati. Miami, tn. in Logan co., Ohio. Pop., 1,768. 'Miamlsbiirgli, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ohio, on the Great Miami R., Miami & Erie Canal and Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., 11 mis. S. of Dayton. The river furnishes ample water-power, Avhieh is utilized by se- veral mills and manufactories, and the place has, besides, a large and growing produce trade, especially in tobacco. Pop., 1,425, One newspaper. ' Miami Station, p. o. in Carroll co.. Mo. Miamiville, p. v. in Clermont co., Ohio, on the Little Miami R. and the Pittsburgh, Cin- cinnati & St. Louis R. R., 14 mis. N. E. of Cin- cinnati. Pop. about 300. Mianus, p. v. in the v. of Eos Cob, Fairfield CO., Conn., on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. Mica, p. o. in Mitchell co., N. C. Micanopy, p. v. in Alachua co., Fla., 14 mis. from Gainesville. Micklen, p. v. in Jackson co., Mo., 12 mis. from Lee's Summit. Micco, p. o. in Creek Nation, Ind. Ter. Miccosnkee, p. o. in Leon co., Fla. Micliaclsville, p. v. in Harford co., Md., 3^^ mis. from Pcrrymansville. Michcott, tn. in Manitowoc co., Wis. Pop., 1,551. 9f icbigramme, p. o. in Marquette co., Mich. MICMIOAN, one of the N. central states ; consists of two large, ii-regular peninsulas. The northern or upper peninsula is bounded on the S. W. by Wis., on the N. by Lake Superior, on tlie E. by St. Mary's R., and on the S. by Lake Micliigan, the Strait of Mackinaw and Lake Hu- ron. The southern or lower peninsula is bounded on the S. by Ohio and Ind., on the W. by Lake Michigan, and on the E. by Lake Erie, the Detroit R., Lake St. Clair, St. Clair R. and Lake Huron. The state extends from 41° 30' to 47° 31' N. lat., and from 82° 24' to 90° 33' W. long., and includes the Isle Roj-ale in Lake Superior, which is intersected by the 4Sth parallel. The area is 56,451 sq. mis., or 36,128,640 acres. Surface.— Tha upper peninsula has a broken and often rocky surface. The part which lies E. of a line drawn from Marquette to the mouth of the Monomonee R. has no elevations of more than 400 feet in height above tlie level of Lake Superior. The part lying W. of said line in- cludes several irregular mountain ranges,whicli attain a height of 800 and in a few cases of 1,400 feet above the lake level. The water-shed of the peninsula lies much nearer to the northern 6hore than to the southern, thus indicating the fact that tlie descent is gradual toward Lake Michigan and uiore rapidly falling otf toward Lake Superior. The shores of this lake abound in bold and picturesque scenery. Sixty mis. E. Of Sault St. Mary are tLe famous "Pictured Rocks," masses of variegated sandstone re- sembling ruined castles and temples. The lower peninsula is more level and offers greater attractions to the farmer and settler than the upper. The northern in the highest portion rarely exceeds 500 feet above the lakes, and gives rise to numerous streams flowing from it in all directions. The southern portion is lower, and is either slightlj^ undulating or nearlj^ level. Rivers and Lakes.— The rivers of the upper pe- ninsula take their rise from numerous lases and marshes dispersed over the plateau. None cf them are navigable for anything larger than a canoe. Those entering into LaKe Superior es- pecially have numerous rapids and cascades. Yet in the spring, when the waters are high, these rivers are of great economical value, as they alford facilities for floating the logs trom the interior to the saw-mills sprung up at the mouth of almost every larger water-course, whose branches reach back into the pine lands. Tlie following empty into Lake Superior: Montreal R., separating Mich, froni Wis., Pres- que' Isle R., Ontonagon R., Sturgeon R., empty- ing into Kewaunee B., and Tequamenon R. The following empty into Green B. and Lake Michi- gan : Menomonee R., flowing along the Wis. boundary, Escanaba R., White Fish R., Stur- geon R., Maiiistique R., Carp R. and Pine R. The streams of tlie lower peninsula are larger than the preceding, and several of them are navigable. The following empty into Lake Michigan: Manistee R., Pere Marquette R., White R., Muskegon R., Grand R., which re- ceives Thornapple R.; Kalamazoo R. and St. Joseph R. Into Lake Huron empty Cheboygan R., Thunder Bay R., Au Sable R., Ilifle R., Sagi- naw R., which empties into Saginaw B., receives Chippewa R. with Tittibawasse and Pine Rs., and is formed by the confluence of tlie Flint and Shiawassee Rs.; Black R. and Belle R. empty into R. St. Clair ; Huron R. and Raisin R. into Lake Erie, and Clinton R. into Lake St. Clair. Climate and Vegetation.— The climate of Mich, is milder than in the same latitudes farther E., owing to the proximity of the great lakes. The upper peninsula, however, has verj' rigorous winters. At Ontonagon the mean annual tem- perature in 1870 was 44° 33'; the highest temper- ature, 90°, the lowest, —24°, showing a ran;:'e be- tween extremes of 114°. At Grand Rapicls the mean annual temperature was 50.7° ; the high- est temperature 102°, and the lowest —10°, show- ing a range of 112^. Southerly and westerly winds greatly prevailed at both places. The upper peniasulais almost wholly covered with unbroken pine foi-ests. The lower penin- sula also has extensive forests, consisting of pines in the northern part and of deciduous trees in the soutliern; but they are diversified by those beautiful prairie lawns, known as " oak openings." Fopulaiion. — Mich, is rapidly increasing in population and wealth. In 1810 it had 4,762 in- habitants ; in 1820, 8,765 ; in 1830, 31,639 : in 1840, 212.267 ; in 1850, 397,654; in 1860, 749,113 and in 1870, 1,184,059, besides 3,175 Indiajis living on reserva- tions and sustaining tribal relations. The whites numbered 1,167,282; the colored persons 11,849 and the Indians out of tribal relations, 4,926. In regard to nativities the following numbers are given in the last census report : Born in the United States, 916,049 ; of whom 507,268 were bom in Mich.; 7,412 in Conn.; 692 in Del.; 6,055 in 111.; 12,140 in Ind.; 1,486 in Iowa ; 1,719 in Ky.; 3,932 in Me.: 1,265 in Md.; 10,839 in Mass.; 666 in Mo.; 3,633 in N. H.; 8^023 in N. J.; 231,509 in N. Y.; 62.207 in Ohio; 28,507 in Pa.; 1,137 in R. I.; 687 in Tenu.; 14,445 in Vt.; 2,984 in Va. and W. Va., luul .5^986 in Wis. The foreign-born population was 268,010 ; of whom 88,590 are natives of British Ajneriea^ 4.354 of France, 64,143 of Germany, 35,051 of England ; 42,013 of Ireland, 8,552 of Scotland, MICHIGAN. 563 ]\IICHIGAK 12,559 Of Holland, 3,022 of Sweden and Norway, and 2,116 of Switzerland. The population of 10 years and over numbered 873,763, of wliom 404,164 were engaged in the use- ful occupations, viz.: 187,211 in agriculture, 104,- 728 in personal and professional services, 29.588 in trade and transportation, and 82,637 in manu- factures, mechanical and mining industries. J/imng'.— Jlich. is one of the most favored states of the Union with regard to mineral treasures, and it is the western part of the upper peninsula which v^ especially rich in them. The copper deposits whicli abunilantly occur in the belt of country from Keweenaw Point to the western borders of the state are the richest in the world. During the 20 years closing with 1685 76,107 tons of copper were shipped from the three ports ol Ontonagon, Keweenaw and Port- age Lake, and in the year 1868 alone, 7,500 tons. In Marquette co. .are found large deposits of iron. The vield for the 7 years closing with 1S62 was 414,136 tons, and during 1S66, 296,872 tons of ore and 18,437 of pig iron. In quality tlie iron of this state ranks with the finest in the world. The northern part of the lower peninsula con- tains productive coal measures of great extent. Near Saginaw a very fine salt is obtained. The product was ,5.30,000 barrels in 1865, 407,997 barrels in 1S66, 474,721 barrels in 1867, and 577,569 barrels in 1869. Limbering is one of the principal sources of wealth in the state, and has been steadily in- creasing for years past. In 1866 the vield was 1,125,000,000 feet ; in 1S67, 1,400,000,000, and in 1868, 2,000,000,000. Agriculture. — The upper peninsula is too rug- ged, and has too sterile a soil for the purposes ot the farmer or stock raiser ; but the lower peninsula, including about three-fifths of the area of the state, is very productive, and in its southern portion includes nearlj' the whole of the population and of the improvements of the The farms include 10,027,142 acres, of which 5,096,939 are improved ; 842,057 unimproved and 4,080,146 woodland. The cash value of farms in 1870 was $398,240,578, and of farm implements, $13,711,979. Tlie estimated value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, was $81,508,()23, and of orchard products, $3,447,985. The Avheat yield of Mich, is surpassed by but few other states. It was, in 1870, 268,810 bush. of spring wheat, and 15,996,963 of winter wheat. The other productions were : rye, 144,.50S bush.; Indian-corn, 14,086,238 bush.; oats, 8,954,466 bush.; barley, 834,,558 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,318,799 bush.; tobacco, 5.385 lbs.; butter, 24,400,185 lbs.; hay, 1,290,923 tons, and wool, 8,726,145 lbs. Wool growing is a leading agricultural interest of the state. Southern Mich, has become one of the greatest apple growing regions of the Union. Peaches are raised successfully in the region bordering on Lake Michigan as far N. as Grand Traverse J?., while pears, plums, cherries. Quinces and other varieties of fruit are grown throughout the state. The culture of the grape has been successfully introduced into the val- leys which open out on Lake Michigan ; and the more hardy species grow in the interior. In 1870 the live stock of the state had a value of $49,809,869, and comprised 228,302 horses, 2,353 mules and asses, 250,859 luilch cows, 36,499 work- ing oxen, 260,171 other cattle, 1,985,906 sheep and 417,811 swine. Manufactures.— "Mich, has progressed most rapidly in the development of its manufactur- ing interests. In 1850 the total value of the manufactures was $11,169,001 ; in 1860, $32,658,356 ; and in 1870 it had nearly quadrupled, being Jill 8.394,676. The 2,215 steam-engines had 70,956 horse-power, and the 9,455 establishments em- ployed 63,694 hands, and consumed materials to the amount of $68,142,515. Tlie capital invested was $71,712,283, and the wages paid, $21,205,3.55. The principal protlucts of industry and their values were as follows: Agricultural imple- ments, $1,. 569,596 ; boots and shoes, $2,552,931 ; car- pentering and building,$3,976,333 ; carriages and wagons, $2,393,328 ; freight and passenger cars, $1,488,724; men's clothing, $2,423,170; copper, milled and smelted, $9,260,976 ; flour and meal, $21,174,247 ; furniture, $1,630,199 ; forged and rolled iron, $780,750; pig iron, $2,911,515; iron castings, $2,0S2,.5.32 ; leather, $2,670,608 ; beer, $1,216,286 ; lum- ber, $33,078,241 ; machinery, $1,355,371 ; salt, $1,176,- 811 ; sash, doors and blinds, $1,868,596, and to- bacco and cigars, $1,849,383. Commerce and Railroads. — The commercial position of the state is very advantageous, surrounded by the great lakes, its coasts areia direct water communication with New York, while its railroads and canals facilitate an iui' mense internal commerce. It has four ports of entry: Detroit, Huron, Superior and Michigan, into"which entered, in 1871, foreign goods or $2,323,542 in value, and from whicn wliere ex- ported domestic goods of $3,605,025 in value. The first 24 mis. of R. II. were completed in 1840 ; 10 j^ears later the mileage was 342. From 1869, when the mileage was 1,199, to 1873, Jan. 1, 1,808 mis. were constructed, or 150 per cent, more than the aggregate length constructed during the whole previous historj- of the state. The governor estimates the cost of the roads built during the four years at $54,000,000. The principal roads are the following : The Detroit & Milwaukee R. R. (189 mis.); the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. (232 nils.); the Jackson, Lansing* Saginaw R.R. (208rals.);theMarquette Houghton & Ontonagon R. R. (49 mis.); the Michigan Central R. R.(285mls.);the Port Huron & Lake Miehimin R. R. (66 mis.); and the Detroit Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R., 164 mis. Education.— '^iich. has always supported and fostered public schools and higher institu- tions of learning with the greatest-liberality. The State University at Ann Arbor is the largest college W. of the Alleghany Mts. aud ranks with the foremost institutions of its kind in the country. In 1870 it had 1,126 students and 34 professors. The number of students in the de- partment of science, literature and the arts was 477 ; in that of medicine and surgery 340 ; and in that of law 309. The total receipts for 1872 were $76,3.59, and the expenses $92,000, leaving a defi- ciency of $15,640. Tlie university admits lady students. The Agricultural College, located at Lansing was established in 1863, and has an endowment of 240,000 acres. It had, in 1870, 7 professors and 142 students. The three other colleges of Mich, are at Kalamazoo, Albion and Olivet. The State Normal school at Ypsilanti was opened in 1854, and embraces a training course and a higher course. In the experimental school the pupils of the Normal School practice actual teaching. The school population from 5 to 20 years of age was, in 1870, 384,546, of whom 278,685 attended the public schools. The number of male teach- ers was 2,793, and of female teachers 8,221. The estimated number of pupils attending private schools was 9,613. The number of school-houses was 5,111, 109 more than in the preceding year (1869). The value of school-houses was $6,243,797 ; total resources for school purposes, $3,154,221. Charitable and Penal Institutiotis.—The Asylum for the Deaf, Dumb and the Blind, at Flint, was opened in 1854. Mechanical instruction has lately been introduced, which enables the pupils to qualify themselves for self-support aftfsr leaving the institution. The Asvluin for the Insane at Kalamazoo had, in 1872, 460 patients. The State Reform School at Lansing, to which youthful delinquents are committed, is maintained at a cost of over $30,000 per annum. The State Prison is located at Jackson, and had, in 1870, 663 convicts ; in 1871, 627, and in 1872, 589. For the last four years it has been more than self-sustaining. MICHIGAN. 564 MIDDLEBUEY. Wealth, Taxation and Finances.— In 1870 the true value of real and personal estate was $719,- 208,118; the assessed value of the same was but $•272,242,917, including $224,0()3,6G7 for real estate, and 847,579,250 for personal estate. The total, not national, taxation was $5,412,957, including state, county and town taxes. The receipts for the fiscal year ending Sep- tember 30, 1872, was $2,181,498, and the disburse- ments $1,888,397, leaving a balance in the treas- urv of $977,224. The total state debt in 1S72 was $1,762,293, of which $1,728,000 was in interest- bearing bonds, and $34,293 was debt bearing no interest. Government.— ^ich. was settled by the French at Detroit in 1690. At the peace of 1763 it came under the dominion of Great Britain. It was a part of the territory ceded to the United States t)y Virginia, erected into a territory in 1805, and admitted as a state into the Union in 1837. The following ofHcers ai'e chosen biennially by the legal voters : Governor, Lieutenant-(jOv- ernor, Secretary of State, Treasurer, Auditor- General, Commissioner of the Land Office, Attorney-General, Superintendent of Public Instruction, and Adjutant-General. The legislature meets biennially in the odd years, and compi-ises a Senate of 32 members, and a House of Representatives of 100 members. To qualify a resident to vote, he must be above the age of 21, must have resided in the state 3 months and in bis election district 10 days. The judicial power is vested in one Supreme Court, circuit courts, probate courts and justices of the peace. The Supreme Court has a general superintending control over all inferior courts, and consists of 4 judges, who are chosen by the voters for 8 years, one judge retiring every second year, unless re-elected. The judges of the eleven circuit courts are chosen for 6 years. Mich, is divided into the following 75 coun- ties : Alcona, Allegan, Alpena, Antrim, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clin- ton, Delta, Eaton, Emmett, Genesee, Gladwin, Grand Taverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale. Houghton, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Keweenaw, Lake, Lapeer, Leelenaw, Lenawee, Livingston, Mack- inaw, Macomb, Manistee, Manitou, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Menomonee, Midland, Missau- kee, Monroe, Montcalm, Montmorenei, Mus- kegon, Kewaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Osceola, Oscada, Ottawa, Tresque' Isle, Eoscommon, Saginaw, Sanilac, School- craft, Shiawassee, St. Clair, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne and Wexford. Lansing, 5,241 inhabitants, is the state capital. The census enumerates the following cities with their populations : Bay City, 7,064 ; Nlles, 4,030; Coldwater, 4,381 ; Battle Creek, 5,838 : Mar- shall, 4,925 ; Flint, 5,386 ; Hillsdale, 3,518 ; Jack- son, 11,447: Grand Rapids, 16,507; Lapeer, 1,772; Adrian, 8,438; Manistee, 3,343; Big Rapids, 1,237; Monroe, 5,086; Muskegon, 6,002 ; Pontiac, 4,867; Grand Haven, 3,147 ; Holland, 2,319 ; East Sagi- naw, 11,350 ; Saginaw, 7,460 ; Corunna, 1,408 ; Owasso, 2,005; Port Huron, 5,973 ; St. Clair, 1,790 ; Ann Arbor, 7,363; Ypsilanti, 5,471; Detroit, 79,- 577. and Wyandotte, 2,731. Mirhi^au, tn. in Clinton CO., Ind. Pop., 1,732. MioUijiaii, tn. in La Porte CO., Ind. Pop., 4,688. Sliebigan Bar, p. v. in Sacramento co., Cal., 5 mis. from Latrobe. Micbig'aii Bluff, p. v. in Placer co., Cal., 12 mis. from Colfax. Michigan Centre, p. v. in Jackson co., Mich., on the Michigan Central R. R., 4 mis. E. of Jackson. •Michigan City, p. v. in La Porte co., Ind., on Lake Michigan and on the Michigan Central R. R. and the Louisville, New Albany & Chi- cago R. R., 35 mis. by water W. of Chicago. It has a large lake trade, especially in lumber. Pop., 3,985 ; in 1860, 3,304. One newspaper. Michigan, liake, one of the " Great Lakes " belonging to the basin of the St. Lawrence R. It extends in a southerly direction between Mich., Wis., HI. and Ind., and from 46° to 41° 40' N. lat. Its length is about 325 mis. and its width 85 mis. Its surface is 578 feet above the sea level, and its greatest depth is probably near 1,000 feet. The Strait of Mackinaw con- nects it with Lake Huron, and in the N. W. extends the long and narrow Green B., and in the N. E. Great and Little Traverse Bs. The islands constituting Manitou co., Mich., are in the northern part of the lake. Its drainage area is not large. It receives from the S'. Manistique and Esconaba Rs., from t!ie W. Manistee and Fox R., and from the E. the principal streams of the southern peninsula of Mich., as the St. Joseph, Grand, Muskegon and other rivers. Michigantown, p. v. in Clinton co., Ind., 7 mis. N. E. of Frankfort. Pop., 315. Michigan Valley, p. o. in Osage co., Kans. MicUlesi, p. o. in Jackson co.. Mo. Mlddaghs, p. o. in Northampton co., Pa. Middle, tn. in Franklin co.. Ark. Pop., 840. Middle, tn in Hendricks co., Ind. Pop., 1,422. Middle, tn. in Cape May co., N. J. Pop., 3,443. Middle Bass, p. v. in Ottawa co., Ohio, on an island in Lake Erie, and about 20 mis. N. N. E. of Sandusky. Middleborongh, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop., 4,(;s7. ^Middleborongh, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cape Cod R. R., Old Colony R. R. and the Middleborongh & Taunton R. R., 34 mis. S. of Boston. It is a manufacturing town with one newspaper. Middleborongh, v. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 126. Middle Boulder, p. o. in Boulder co., Colo. Tor. Middlebonrne, p. o. in the v. of Middleto^vn, in Guernsey co., Ohio. Middlebonrne, p. v. and the co. seat of Tyler CO., W. A'a., 17 mis. from West Union. Middle Branch, tn. in Osceola co., Mich. Pop.. 49. Middle Branch, p. o. in Stark co., Ohio. Middlebrook, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Middlebrook, v. in Iron co.. Mo., on the Ar- kansas Branch of the St. Louis & Iron Moun- tain R. R., 8 mis. S. of Bismarck. Pop. about 300. Middlebrook, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., 11 mis. from Staunton. Middlcbnrgh, p. o. in Clay co., Fla. Middleburgh, p. o. in Washington co., Iowa. Middlcbnrgh, p. v. in Casey co., Ky., 16 mis. from Shelby City. Middleburgh, p. v. in Carroll co., Md., on the Western Maryland R. R., U}i mis. W. of West- minster. Middleburgh, p. o. in Richardson co., Nebr. Middleburgh, tn. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Pop., 3,180. *Middlebnrgh, p. v. in the above tn., on the Middleburgh & Schoharie R. R., 38 mis. W. of Albany. Has manufactories and considerable trade. Pop., 863. One newspaper. Middleburgh, tn. in Cuyahoga CO., Ohio. Pop., 3,He>2. Middleburgh, p. o. in the above tn. Middleburgh, p. v. and the co. seat of Sny- der CO., Pa., on Middle Cr., ll^^ mis. W. of Sclin's Grove Station and 00 mis. N. of Har- risbargh. Center of trade for the surround- ing country. Pop., 370. Two newspapers. Middleburgh, p. o. in Hardeman co.,Tenn. Middleburgh, p. v. in Loudoun co., Va., 17^ mis. from Leesburgh. Middlebury, tn. in New Haven co., Conn. Pop., m;. Middlebury, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Waterbury. Middlebury, tn. in Elkhart co., Ind. Pop., 1,709. MIDDLEBURY. 565 MIDDLESEX. Sliddlebnry, p. v. in Elkhart CO., Ind., on Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 5 nils, from White Pigeon. Rliddlebnry, tn. in Shiawassee Co., Mich. Pop., 1,018. Middlebnry, p. v. iu Mercer CO., Mo., 10 mis. from Princeton. Middlebury, tn. in Wyoming co., N. Y., Pop., I.rv20. Itfiddlebnry, tn. in Knoxco., Ohio. Pop., 929. Middlebury, v. in Kohle co., Ohio. Pop., 116. Middlebnry, tn. in Summit co., Ohio. Pop., 991. Middlebnry, p v. in the above tn., 2 mis. from Akron. Sliddlebnry, tn. in Tioga co.. Pa. Pop., 1,500. Middlebnry, tn. Addison co., Vt. Pop., 3,0S(!. *MIddlebnry, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Rutland Division of the Ver- mont Central R. R., midway between Rutland and Burlington. It is the seat of Middlebury College, and is extensively engaged in manu- factures. Pop. about 2,700. 0"ne newspaper. Middlebnry, p. o. in Iowa co., Wis. Middlebnsb, tn. in Somerset co., N. J. Middlebnsta, p. v. in the above tn., on the Millstone & New Brunswick Branch of the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 5 mis. from New Brunswick. Pop. about 50. Middle Creek, p. o. in Hancock co., 111. Middle Creek, p. o. in Gallatin co., Mont. Ter. Middle Creek, tn. in Miami co., Kans. Pop., 650. Middle Creek, p. o. in Noble co., Ohio. Middle Creek, tn. in Snyder co.. Pa. PoiJ., 574. Middle Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Middle Creek, tn. in Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., 580. Middle Fabins, p. v. in Scotland co., Mo., 16 mis. from Memphis. Middlefield, tn. in Middlesex CO., Conn. Pop., 1,053. Middlefield, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Haven, Middletown & Willimantic E. E., 65 mis. N. E. of New Haven. Middlefield, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 666. Middlefield, p. o. in the above tn. M_iddlefield, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., Middlefield, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. W. of Chester. Middlefield, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 3,868. Middlefield, p. v. in the v. of Clarkville in Otsego CO.. N.Y. Middlefield, tn. in Geauga CO., Ohio. Pop., 732. Middlefield, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. of Garrettsville. Middlefield Centre, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 7 mis. N. E. of Cooperstown. Middleford, p. o. in Sussex co., Del. Middle Fork, tu. in Vermillion co.. 111. Pop., 1,440. Middle Fork, p. v. in Clinton co., Ind.,14mls. from Kokomo. Middle Fork, tn. inEinggoldco.,Iowa. Pop., 457. Middle Fork, p. o. in .Jackson co., Ky. Middle Fork, tn. in Macon co., Mo. Pop., 1,134. Middle Fork, p. o. in Hocking co., Ohio. Middle Fork, p. o. in Randolph co., W. Va. *Mitldle Granville, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., on the Rutland & Washington Branch of the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 21 mis. from Salem. Middle Grove, p. o. in Fulton co., ILL Middle fcSrove, p. v. in Monroe co., Mo., 10 mis. from Randolph. Middle Grove, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., 9 mlH. N. W. of Balston. Middle Maddaiu, p. v. in Middlesex co.. Conn., on the Connecticut E., 7 mis. below MiddletO'iYn. Middle Hope, p. o. in Orange co., N. Y. Middle Island, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., 4 mis. from Yaphank. Middle lianoaster, p. v. in Butler co., Pa., 13 nils, from Beavor. Middle Mountain, p. o. in Craig co., Va. Middle Park,one of the famous parks in Colo. Ter.; forms part of Summit co. It is an ele- vated valley, entirely surrounded by tlie lofty chains of the Rocky Mts., includes the source streams of the Bunkara R.,and abounds in magnificent scenery. Middle Paxton, tn. in Dauphin co., Pa. Pop.. 1,317. ■' ' Middle Point, p. v. in Van Wert co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 714 nils. E. ot Van Wert. Pop., 119. Middleport, tn. in Iroquois co.. 111. Pop., 861. *Middleport, p. v. in Niagara co., N. Y., on the Rochester, Lockport & Niagara Falls Branch of the New York Central R.R.,45mls. W. of Rochester. Pop., 731. *Middleport, p. v. in Meigs co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 2 mis. S. W. of Pomeroy. Center of trade for a coal mining region, and has an active river commerce. Pop., 2,236. Two news- papers. Middleport, p. v. in Schuylkill co , Pa., on the Schuylkill Valley Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 9 mis. from Pottsville. Pop., 377. Middleport, p. o. in Webster co., W. Va. Middle River, p. o. in Banks co., Ga. Middle River, p. o. in Madison co., Iowa. Middle Salnda, p. o. in Greenville district, Middle River, tn. in Augusta co., Va. Pop.. 4.376. ^ ' Middlesex, co. in Conn., S. part. Area, 425 sq. nils. Pop., 36,099; in I860, 30,859. It includes the southern portion of the Connecticut R. Valley, and borders on Long Island Sound. The Ham- monassett R. forms part of the W. boundary. The surface is undulating and gradually rises from the sea-coast toward the interior. The soil is productive. The Shoi-e Line R. R., the Air Line R. R. and the Connecticut Valley R. R. intersect the co. Middletown and Haddam are the co. seats. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 5,841 bush.; rye, 17,101 bush.; oats, 40,353 bush.; Indian-corn, 85,451 bush.; Irish pot's,176,- 231 bush.; sweet pot's, 105 bush.; tobacco, 609,- 327 lbs.; butter, 404,620 lbs.; hay, 39,882 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,932,828. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,504,256. Principal products of industry in 1870 : Bells, $326,000 ; cotton, goods, $996,272 ; flour and meal, $440,- 622 ; hardware, $745,273 ; musical instruments, $118,000 ; plated ware, $415,551 ; pumps, $327,200 and washing machines, $345,000. Total value of manufactures, $7,719,537. Middlesex, co. in Mass., N. E. part. Area about 850 sq. nils. Pop., 274,353 ; in 1860, 216,354. It has an uneven surface, rising in some parts into hills. The principal streams are the Merilmac R., which passes through the N. E. corner; the Nashua R. and the Concord R. These streams and their tributaries afford ample water-power, which is made use of in numerous manufacturing establishments. Railroads intersect the co. in all directions. Concord is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,410 bush.; rye, 20,350 bush.; In- dian-corn, 190,965 bush.; oats, 56,302 bush.; Irish pot's, 443,099 bush.; butter, 530,136 lbs.; hav, 74,678 tons. Cash value of farms, $19,544,230. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $5,- 297,365. Principal articles of industi y : Wool- len goods, $7,025,736 : worsted goods, $1,670,089 ; bleacMng and dyeing, $16,211,725; boots and shoes, $16,191,027; bakery products, $844,330; carpets, $2,170,000; men's clothing, $857,494; cotton goods, $12,063,252 ; drugs and chemicals, MIDDLESEX. 666 MIDDLETOWN. $.S30,000; flour and meal, $1,242,007; furniture, $2,311,221: glass ware, $1,254,800; hosiery, $1,- 080,353; India-rubber goods, $sl,665,.530 ; iron castings, $947,880; tanned leather, $2,930,541; curried leather, $4,932,928; morocco, $982,420; machinery, $1,342,187 ; molasses and sugar, re- fined, $2,551,212; paper, $1,20(3,970 ; patent medi- cines, $645,500; printing cotton and woollen goods, $4,977,538 ; book printing, $1,150,000; soap and candles, $998,384; straw goods, $1,0S1,0U0 ; and watches, $1,151,160. Total value of manu- factures, $113,147,27' I. IHlddlesex, co. in N. J., E. part. Area, 300J^ sq; mis. Pop., 45,029; in I860, 34,812. It is bounded on the S. W. by Millstone R., on the N. by Railway R., and on the E. by Raritan 13. and Staten Island Sound. The Raritan R., South R. and INlanalapan Cr. drain the co., and the Camden & Amboy R. R. and the New Jersey R. R. intersect it. New Brunswick is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 106,158 bush.; rye, 15,967 bush.; oats, 271,332 bush.; Indian-corn, 423,843 bush.; Irish pot's, 248,830 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,391 bush.; butter, 418,434 lbs.; hay, 37,160 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,896,100. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,178,202. Principal products of Industry: India-rubber goods,$l, 251, 494 ; brick, $803,024, and hosiery, $450,000. Total value of manufactures, $5,372,583. Middlesex, tn. in Y'ates CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,314. Middlesex, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. S. of Canandaigua. Middlesex, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 1,010. Middlesex, tn. in Cumberland co., Pa. Pop., 1,417. Middlesex, co. in Va., E. part. Area about 150 sq. mis. Pop., 4,981 ; in 1860, 4,364. It is bounded on the N. E. by the Rappahannock R. and on the S. W. by the Piankatank R. Stingray Point, its eastern extremity, is •washed by the Chesapeake B. The surface is level and in some sections covered with swamps. Saluda is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 19,650 bush.; rye, .515 bush.; Indian-corn, 86,967 bush.; oats, 11,420 b\ish.; Irish pot's, 2,101 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,589 bush.; butter, 13,754 lbs. Cash value of farms, $583,200. Total, estimatetl, value of all farm productions, includinj;: additions to stock, etc., $100,908. Value of manufactures, $51,763. Middlesex, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., Middlesex, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cen- tral Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 4 mis. from Montpelier. Middlesex Village, p. v. in Middlesex co., JMass., on the Merrimac R. and the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R., I mle. from Lowell. Middle Suiithficld, tn. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 1,359. Middle Spring', p. v. in Cumberland co., Pa., 3 mis. from Shippensburgh. Middle Sprite, p. o. in Fulton co., N. Y. Middles w^rtli, p. o. in Shelby co.. 111. Middlctoii, p. o. in Lake co., Cal. Middleton, p. v. in Ada co., Idaho Ten, on the Boise R., 24 mis. below Boise City. Middleton, v. in Marion co.. 111., on the Mis- sissippi & Ohio R. R., 8 mis. W. of Xenia and 9 mis. E. of Salem. The p. o. is luka. Middleton, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 1,010. Middleton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Law- rence Branch of the Eastern R. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Danvers. Middleton, tn. in La Fayette co.. Bio. Pop., 2,163. Middleton, tn. in Strafi'ord co., N. H. Pop., 476. Middleton, p. o. in the above tn. Middleton, tn. in Columbiana CO., Ohio. Pop,, 1,416. Middleton, tn. in Dane CO., Wis. Pop., 1,821. Middlctown, p. v. in Dane co.. Wis., on Prai- rie du Chien Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 6 mis. W. of Madison. Pop., 285, Middleton, p. o. in AVashington co., Oreg. Middleton, p. o. in Leon co., Tex. Middleton Station, p. v. in Hardeman co., Tenn., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R. Pop., 150. Middletown, tn. in Middlesex co.. Conn. Pop., 4,203. ^Middletoivn, city and scmi-co. seat of Mid- dlesex CO., Conn., on the W. bank of the Con- necticut R. and the New Haven, Middletown & Willimantic R. R., 15 mis. S. of Hartford and 23 N. W. of New Haven. Engaged in ship building, river commerce and manufacturing. Pop., 6,923; in 1860, 5,027. Five newspapers. ^Middletown, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., on the Delaware R. R., 25 mis. S. of Wilming- ton. Has manufactories, chiefly of vehicles. Pop., 915. One newspaper. Middletown, tn. in Champaign co., 111. Pop., 1,401. Middletown, tn. in Logan co.. 111. Middletown, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from IMason City. Pop., 223. Middletown, p. v. in Henry co., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R., 12^ mis. N. W. of Newcastle. Is surrounded by a rich farming district. Pop., 711. Middletown, p. v. in Des Moines co,, lo'wa, on the Burlington & Missouri River R. R., 9 mis. from Burlington. Pop. about 100. Middletown, p. o. in Wilson co., Kans. Middletown, p. v. in Jefferson co., Ky., 12 mis. from Louisville. Pop., 244. *Middletown, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 8 mis. W. of Frederick, on the National Turn- pike, and in the midst of an agricultural sec- tion. Pop., 746. One newspaper. Middletown, p. o. in Ingham co., Mich. Middletown, tn. in Jackson co., Minn. Pop., 165. ^Middletown, p. v. in Montgomery co., Mo,, 10 mis. from Wellsville. Middletown, tn.in Monmouth co., N.J. Pop., 4,639. Middletown, p. V. in the above tn.,li^mle. W. of the New Jersey Southern R.R. and 4 mis. S. W. of Port Monmouth. Middletown, v. in Salem co., N. .L, on the Sa- lem Branch of the West Jersey R. R., 39 mis. from Philadelphia. Pop. about 100. Middletown, tn. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop., 3,035. *Middletown, p. v. in Orange CO., N. Y., on the Erie K. R., Unionville Branch of Erie R. R. and New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 67 mis. N. N. W. of New York. It is eligibly lo- cated and commands an extensive tratlewitli its surroundings. Pop., 6,049. Six new.spapers. Bliddletown, tn.in Richmond CO., N. 1. Pop., 7,5S<). Middletown, p. o. in Hyde CO., N. C. *Middletown, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, on the Miami R. muX on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., 37 mis. N. of Cincinnati. A manufacturing place. Pop., 3,046. One news- pft\ier. Middletown, v. in Champaign co., Ohio. Middletown, v. in Guernsey CO., Ohio, 14^^ mis. E. of Cambridge. The p. o. is Middle- bourne. Pop., 166. Middletown, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 1,221. Middletown, v. in Holmes CO., Ohio. Pop., 150. Middlctown, tn. in Bucks co., Pa. Pop., 2,360. Middletown, tn. in Susquehanna co., Pa.- Pop., 871. Middletown, v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa. ^Middletown, p. borough in Dauphin CO., Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central 11. 1!., at the in- tersection with the Columbia Branch, and the Susquehanna R., 9 mis. S. E. of Harrisburgh. A growing place, engaged in lumber business MIDDLETOWN. 567 MILAM. and active produce trade. Pop., 2,950; in 1860, ■2,240. One newspaper. IMClddletown, v. in Mercer CO., Pa., Sliddletown, tn. in Delaware co.. Pa. Pop., 2,578. Allddletowu, tn. in Newport co., R. I. Pop., 971. Sflddlctown, tn. in Rutland co., "Vt. Pop., 777. ^Middletowu, p. v. in tlie above tn., 7J^ mls- from Poultuey. Middletown, p. v. in Frederick co., Va., on the Winchester, Potomac & Strasburgh Divi- sion of the Baltimore & Ohio K. R., 12 mis. S. of Winchester. Pop. about 100. Middletown Centre, p. o. in Susquehanna CO.. Pa. Middle Valley, p. v. in Morris CO., N. J., 9 mis. from High Bridge. Middle Valley, p. v. in Wayne co.. Pa., 8 mis. from Honesdale. *Middleville, p. v. in Barry co., Mich., on Thornapple R. and on the Grand River Valley Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 21 mis. S. of Grand Rapids, itas fine water-power and commands the trade of a rich agricultural neighborhood. Pop., 641. One newspaper-. Middleville, tn. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., .362. Middleville, p. o. in Sussex co., N. J. Middleville, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Herldraer. Pop., 406. Middleway, p. v. in Jefferson co., W. Va., 8 mis. from Kearneysville. Pop., 361. Middle Woodberry, tn. in Bedford -co.. Pa. Pop., 1,483. Middle York, tn. in Worth co.. Mo. Pop., 279. Midford, tn. in Steele co., Minn. Pop., 520. Midland, p. o. in Hardin co., Iowa. Midland, co. in Mich., central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 3,285; in 1860, 787. The surface consists of gently rolling jorairle land ; the soil is good. Tittibawassee R., Pine R. and Chippewa R. intersect and drain the co. Mid- land is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,640 bush.; Indian-corn, 6,838 bush.; oats, 11,224 hush.; Irish pot's, 23,482 bush.; wool, 1,140 lbs.; butter, 31,175 lbs.; hay, 2,498 tons. Cash value of farms, $391,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $122,305. Value of manufactures, $247,825. Midland, tn. in Midland co., Mich. Pop., 1,616. ^Midland, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Tittibawassee R. and the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R., 20 mis. N. W. of Saginaw. Has a large lumber trade and several manu- factories. Pop., 1,160. Two newspapers. Midland, p. o. in Colfax co., Nebr. Midland, p. o. in Columbia co.. Wis. Midland Park, p. o. in Bergen co., N. J. Midlothian, tn. in Chesterfield co., Va. Pop., 2,629. Midlothian, p. o. of the v. of Coalfield in the above tn., on the Richmond & Danville R. R., 13 mis. S. W. of Richmond. Mid Prairie, p. o. in Louisa co., Iowa. Midville, p. v. in Burke co., Ga., on the Cen- tral R. R. Midway, p. v. in Bullock co., Ala., 12 mis. from Union Springs. Midway, p. o. in Hot Springs co.. Ark. Midway, p. o. in Alameda co., Cal. Midway, p. o. in Gadsden co., Fla. Midway, p. v. in Fulton co.. 111., 9 mis. from St. Augustine. Midway, p. v. in Spencer co., Ind.,10mls. from Rockfort. Midway, p. o. in Crawford co., Kans. Midway, p. v. in Woodford co., Ky., on the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., 80 mis. from Louisville. Pop., 532. Midway, p. o. in Richland parish, La. Midway, p. o. in Hinds co., Miss. Midway, p. o. in Boone co., Mo. Midway, p. o. in Furnas co., JSTebr. Midway, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Midway, p. v. in Davidson co., N. C, 10 mis. from Lexington. Midway, p. o. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Midway, p. v. in Washington co.. Pa., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis K. R., 21 mis. W. of Pittsburgh. Midway, p. v. in Barnwell district, S. C, on the South Carolina R. R. , 65 nils, from Augusta. Midway, p. v. in Greene co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, Vii-ginia & Georgia R. R., 9 mis. from Greenville. Midway, p. o. in Madison co., Tex. Midway, p. o. in Wasatch co., Utah Ter. Midway, p. o. in La Crosse co.. Wis. Mier, p. v. in Wabash co.. 111., 20 mis. from Gl- uey. Mier, p. v. in Gi'ant co., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R., 9 mis. from Marion. Pop., 165. MifHiu, p. o. in Crawford CO., Ind. Mifflin, tn. in A^land co., Ohio. Pop., 781. Mifflin, p. o. in the above tn. Mifflin, tn. in Franklin CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,562- Mifilin, tn. in Pike CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,108. Mifflin, tn. in Richland co., Ohio. Pop., 898. Mifflin, tn. in Wyandot co., Ohio. Pop., 866. MilHin, co. in Pa., central part. Area, 375 sq. mis. Pop., 17,508 ; in 1860, 16,340. It is traversed by several hisii mountain ranges, as Stone Mt. and Path Valley Mt., which trend along the N. W. border ; Jack's Mt., the Black Log Mt. and others. The Juniata R. intersects the CO. and receives Kishacoquillas Cr., Jacks Cr., and other small tributaries. Kishaco- quillas Valley, between Jacks Mt. and Path Valley Mt., has a highly productive soil. The Pennsylvania Central R. R. follows the valley of the Juniata. Lewistown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 322,835 bush.; rye, 10,851 bush.; oats, 322,487 bush.; Indian- corn, 365,806 bush.; Irish pot's, 73,211 bush.; sweet pot's, 293 bush.; butter, 415,115 lbs.; hay, 15,005 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,133,277. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, Including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 544,981. Value of manufactures, $1,616,985. Mifflin, tn. in Alleghany CO., Pa. Pop., 5,058. Mifflin, tn. in Columbia Co., Pa. Pop., 1,029. Mifflin, tn. in Cumberland co.. Pa. Pop., 1,455. Mifflin, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 614. Mifflin, tn. in Lycoming co., Pa. Pop., 1,004. Mifflin, V. in Juniata co., Pa., on the Juniata R., opposite Mifllintown, and on the Pennsyl- vania Central R. R., 49 mis. N. W. of Harria- 1^ burgh. Pop., 639. The p. o. is Patterson. •Mifflin, p. o. m Scliuylkill CO., Pa. Mifflin, p. V. in Henderson co., Tenn., 15 mis, from Jackson. Mifflin, tn. in Iowa co.. Wis. Pop., 1,490. Mifflin, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. W. of Mineral Point. Mifflinbnr^h, p. borough in Union co.. Pa., on Bufl'alo Cr., 10^^ mis. W. of Lewisburg Sta- tion. It enjoys produce trade with the sur- rounding agricultural section. Pop., 911. One newspaper. ^Mifflintown, p. borough and the co. seat of Juniata co.. Pa., on the Juniata R., opposite MiSlin, and on the Pennsvlvania Canal and the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 49 mis. K. W. of Harrisburgh. It is a manufacturing place, with considerable local trade. Pop., 857. Four newspapers. Mifflinville, p. o. in Franklin co., Ohio. Mifflinville, p. v. in Columbia co., Pa., IJ^ rale, from Willow Springs. Mikesville, p. o. in Columbia co., Fla. Milam, co. in Tex., central part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 8,984 ; in 1860, 5,175. The surface is level and the soil fertile. Brazos R. forms the N. B. boundary and Leon R. intersects the central part from W. to E., emptying into the Brazos. Cameron is the co. seat. Agr. pro- MILAM. 568 MILFORDTON. auctions ill 1870: Wheat, 50 busli.; rye, 10 bush.; Indian-corn, 201,117 bush.; oats, 395 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,436 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,- 391 bush.; cotton, 5,143 bales ; butter, 37,549 lbs. Cash value of farms, $505,584. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $553,792. Value of manu- factures, $65,785. Milam, p. v. in Sabine CO., Tex., 9 mis. from Sabinetown. jtf ilau, tn. in De Kalb co.. 111. Pop., 857. 9Iilau, tn. in Macon CO., 111. Pop., 322. Milan, p. o. in Kock Island co.. 111. Milan, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 1,183. Milan, p. v. in Ilipley co., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi li. R., 22 mis. W. of Lawrenceburg. Pop., 200. Milan, p. o. in Lucas CO., Iowa. Milan, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,420. Milan, p. v. in the above tn., 9}^ mis. from Saline. *Milan, p. v. and the co. seat of Sullivan co.. Mo., .30 nils. N. of Laclede on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. Has produce trade. Pop., .319. Two newspapers. Milan, tn. in Coos co.. N. H. Pop., 710. Milan, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. of Berlin Falls. Milan, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 1,474. Milan, p. o. in the above tn. Milan, tn. in Erie co., Ohio. Pop., 2,210. Milan, p. v. in the above tn., on Huron R., 8 mis. from Lake Erie. Pop., 774. One news- paper. Milan, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., on the Penn- sylvania & New York Canal and R. R. Compa- ny's Line, 11 mis. from Towanda. Pop. about 200. ^Milan Depot, p. v. in Gibson co., Tenii., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 141 mis. from Russellville. Milauville, p. o. in Wayne co.. Pa. Mllbridg'e, tn. in Washington co., Me. Pop., l,.i5S. Milbnrn, p. o. in Ballard co., Ky. Mile Creek, tn. in Washington co.,Kaus. Pop., 597. Mile Crecli, p. o. in Pickens district, S. C. Miles, p. o. in Jackson co., Iowa. Miles, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop., 1,325. Milesbnri^taj p. v. in Centre co., Pa., on the Bald Eagle \ alley Branch of the Pennsylva- nia R. R., 24 nils. S. W. of Lock Haven. A short railroad connects it with Bellefonte. Pop., 600. Miles Grove, p. o. m the v. of Girard in Erie CO., Pa., on the Erie & Pittsburgh and Lake Shore & INIichigan Southern R. R. ' Miles Point, p. v. in Carroll co., Mo., 5 mis. from Hardin. Mile's Pond, p. o. in Essex co., Vt. Miles Station, p. v. in Macoupin co.. 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 20 mis. S. W. of Carlinville. Milestowu, p. o. in St. Maiy's co., Md. Mile Strip, ji. o. in Madison co., N. Y. Milford, tn. in Lassen co., Cal. Pop., 113. Milford, p. o. in the above tn. Milford, tn. in New Haven co., Conn. Pop., 3,405. ^Milford, p. V. in the above tn., on Long Is- land Sound and the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 9 mis. W. of New Haven. Milford, tn. in Kent co., Del. Pop., 2,093. ♦Milford, p. V. in the above tn., on Mispillian R. and on the Junction & Breakwater R. R., G8 mis. S. of Wilmington. A shipping point for peaches and the produce of an agricultu- ral section. Pop., 1,150. One newspaper. Milford, p. o. in Baker CO., Ga. Milford, tn. in Iroquois co.. 111. Pop., 1,107. Milford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chicago, Danville & Vincennes R. R., 11 mis. from Wat- seca. Pop., 230. Milford, tn. in La Grange co., Ind. Pop., 1,288. Milford, V. in Decatur co., Ind., on Cliffy Cr., 8U mis. W.of Greensbui-gh. The p.o. is Clifty. Pop., 4.32. Milford, p. v. in Kosciusko co., Ind., on the Cincinnati, Wabash & Michigan R. R. Milford, p. o. in Dickinson co., Iowa. Milford, tn. in Crawford co., Iowa. Pop., 663. Milford, tn. ui Story co., Iowa. Pop., 503. Milford, tn. in Riley CO., Kans. Pop., 741. Milford, p. V. in the above tn., 19 mis. W. of Manhattan and near the Republican i'ork. Milford, p. o. in Bracken co., Ky. Milford, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 827. Milford, p. V. in the above tn., on the Euro- pean & North American R. R., 13 mis. from Bangor. Milford, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 9,890. *Milford, p. V. in the above tn., on Charles R. , on the Milford & Woonsocket R. R. and the Milford Branch of the Boston & Albany R. R.,35 nils. S. W. of Boston. Largely en- gaged in tanning and in the manufacture of shoes. One newspaper. Milford, tn. in OaMand co., Mich. Pop., 1,767. *MiIford, p. V. in the above tn., on the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R., and the Holly, Wayne & Monroe R. R., 40 mis. N. W. of De- troit. Has fine water-power and considerable trade with agricultural surroundings. Two newspapers. Milford, tn. in Brown co., Minn. Pop., 632. Milford, p. o. in the above tn. Milford, p. o. in Barton CO., Mo. Milford. tn. in Seward co., Nebr. Pop., 659. *^Milford, p. v. in Seward co., Nebr., on Big Blue R., 20 mis. W. of Lincoln, in the midst of an agricultural tegion. One news- paper. Milford, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Pop., 2.(306. *Milford, p. V. in the above tn., on the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R. Milford, p. V. in Hunterdon co., N. J., on the Delaware R. and the Belvidere Division of the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 35 mis. N. W. of Trenton. Milford, tn. in Otsego CO., N. Y. Pop., 2,301. Milford, p. V. in the above tn., near the Coop- erstown & Susquehanna Valley R. R., 8 mis. S. of Cooperstown. *Milford, p. V. in Clermont co., Ohio, on the Miami Division of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 14 mis. E. of Cincinnati. Pop., 630. Milford, tn. in Butler co., Ohio. Pop., 1,828. Milford, tn. in Defiance co., Ohio. Pop., 1,555. Milford, tn. in Knox CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,024. Milford, tn. in Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., 1,605. Milford, tn. in Pike co.. Pa. Pop., 912. ^Milford, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Delaware R., 8 mis. S. W. of Port Jervis, N. Y. Pop., 746. One newspaper. Milford, tn. in Juniata CO., Pa. Pop., 1,158. Milford, tn. in Bucks co., Pa. Pop., 2,9o0. Milford, p. V. in Ellis co., Tex., 21 mis. from Waxahachie. Milford, p. V. in Caroline co., Va., on the Rich- mond, Fredericksburgh & Potomac R. R., 21 nils. S. of Fredericksburgh. Milford, tn. in JelTerson co., Wis. Pop., 1,603. Milford, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Watertown. *Milford Centre, p. v. in Union co., Ohio, ou the Spruigfield Division of the Cleveland, Co- lumbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R. and the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central li. R., 22 mis. S. W. of Delaware. Pop., 372. Milford Mills, p. o. in Chester co., Pa. Milford Square, p. v. in Bucks Co., Pa., 4 mis. W. of Qaakertown on North Pennsylvania R. R. and 38 mis. N. of Philadelphia, in active trade with surrounding agricultural section. Pop. about 1,000. Two newspapers. Milford Station, p. o. in Somerset co., Pa. Milfordton, p. o. in Knox co., Ohio. MILHAM. 5«9 MILLER. Miltaain, v. in Mercer co., N. J. Pop., 677. Slllitary, tn. in Winneshiek CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,515. Milk Kiver, a tributary of the Missouri R.; rises in the Rocky Mts. in N. Mont. Ter., flows througli southern British America, re-enters Mont. Ter. and joins tlie Missouri near Pan- ther Hill. Mill, tu. in Grant co., Ind. Pop., 1,523. Mill, p. o. in Fayette co., Iowa. Mill, tn. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop., 3,435. Millard, p. o. in Adair co., Mo. Millard, co. in Utah Ter., "W. part Pop., 2,753 ; in 1S60, 71.5. It consists of elevated and table- lands, and is traversed by several mountain ranges trending N. and S. Sevier Lake is in the northern part of tlie co. and gives rise to Sevier R. Fillmore City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 29,267 bush.; rye, 37 bush.; Indian-corn, 6,853 bush.; oats, 925 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,714 bush.; butter, 23,437 lbs.; hay, 909 tons. Cash value of farms, $70,- 635. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., 8121,081. Value of manufactures, $30,810. Millard, p. v. in Walworth co., Wis., 8 mis. from Elk Horn. Mill Ark, v. in Fulton CO., Ind., 6 mis. from Rochester. Millbaoh, p. o. in Lebanon co., Pa. Mill Bend, p. o. in Hawkins co.. Tenn. Millborong-h, tn. in Bath CO., Va. Pop., 1,004. Millborong;'li Springs, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 40 mis. W. of Augusta. Mlllbrac, p. o. in San Mateo co., Cal. Millbridge, p. v. in Washington co., Me.,33 mis. from Machias. Mill Brook, p. o. in St. Francis CO., Ark. Mill Brook, p. o. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Millbrook, p. o. in Kendall co.. 111., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 7 mis. S. W. of Torkville. Millbrook, tn. in Peoria co., 111. Pop., 1,075. Millbrook, tn. in Mecosta co., Mich. Pop., 301. Millbrook, p. v. in the above tn., 20 m.ls. from Stanwood. Millbrook, p. o. in Warren co., N. J. Mill Brook, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Mill Brook, p. o. in Wayne CO., Ohio. Mill Brook, p. o. in Washington CO., Tenn. Mill Brook, p. o. in Mercer co.. Pa. Millburgh, p. v. in Berrien co., Mich., 5 mis. from Benton Harbor. Millbnrii, p. v. in Lake co., 111., 10 mis. from Waukcgan. Millbnru, tn. in Essex co., N. J. Pop., 1,675. Millbiirii, p. v.in the above tn., on the Morris & Essex R. R., 19 mis. from New I'ork. Millbnrnton, p. o. in Greene co., Tenn. Blillbnry, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 4,397. Millbnry, p. v. in the above tn., on the Provi- dence & Worcester R. R., 6 mis. S. S. E. of Worcester. Millbnry, p. v. in Wood co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., and the Claytown Branch of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 8 mis. E. of Toledo. Mill City, p. V. in Clear Creek co., Colo. Ter., 4 mis. from Idaho. Mill City, p. V. in Wyoming co., Pa., 3 mis. from Falls. Mill City, p. o. in Humboldt CO., Nev. Mill Creek, tn. in Ashley co., Ark. Pop., 998. Mill Creek, tn. in Drew CO., Ark. Pop., 808. Mill Creek, tn. in Fraiiklm co., Ark. Pop., SS3. Mill Creek, tn. in Izard co., Ark., Pop., S97. Mill Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Mill Creek, tn. in Newton co.. Ark. Pop., 313. Mill Creek, tn. in Teh.ama co., Cal. Pop., 80. Mill Creek, tn. in Fountain co., Ind. Pop., 1,491. Mill Creek, tn. in New Castle co., Del. Pop., 3,302. Mill Creek, tn. in Putnam co., Ind, Pop., 492. Mill Creek, tn. in Bourbon co., Kans. Pop., 8.59. Mill Creek, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Mill Creek, p. o. in Bourbon co., Kans. Mill Creek, p. o. in Calvert co., Md. Mill Creek, tn. in Washington co., Kans. Pop., 597. Mill Creek, tn. in Morgan co.. Mo. Pop„ 917. Mill Creek, tn. in HamUion co., Ohio. Pop., 3,291. Mill Creek, tn. in Union co., Ohio. Pop., 79S. Mill Creek, tn. in Williams co., Ohio. Pop., 1,181. Mill Creek, p. v. in Huntingdon co.. Pa., on the Juniata R., Pennsylvania Central R. R. and the Pe^insylvauia Canal, 5i^ mis. S. E. of Huntingdon. Mill Creek, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 2,744. Mill Creek, tn. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 1,086. Mill Creek, tn. in Clarion co., Pa. Pop., 517. Mill Creek, tn. in Lebanon CO., Pa. Pop., 1,926. Mill Creek, p. o. in Bowie co., Tex. Mill Creek, p. o. in Salt Lake co.. Utah Ter. Mill Creek, tn. in Berkelej^ co., W. \'a. Pop., 1,270. Mill Creek, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Martinsburgli. Mill Creek, tn. in Jackson co., W. Va. Pop., 2,«2l. Mill Creek, tn. in Mineral co , W. Va. Pop., 593. Mill Creek, p. o. in Richland co., Wis Milldalc, p. o. in Hartford CO., Conn. Milldale, p. o. in Warren co., Va. *?Iilledgeville, city and the co. seat of Bald- win CO., Ga.; former capital of the state, on the Oconee R. and the Milledgeville Branch. of the Georgia Central R. R., 30 mis. N. E. of Macon and in the midst of a cotton-growing and agricultural district. The city is eligibly situated upon the river, and the immense water-power is utilized in manufactories. It contains a number of elegant private residen- ces. The State House is a beautiful gothie structure. Pop., 2,750 ; in 1860, 1,604. One news- paper. Milled^cville, p. v. in Carroll co., 111., 12 mis. from Mt. Carroll. Pop., 238. Milledgeville, p. o. m Appanoose co., Iowa. Milledg-eville, p. o. in Lincoln co., Ky. Milledgeville, p. o. in Montgomery co., N. C. Milledgeville, p. o. in Mercer co.. Pa. Milledseville, p. o. in White co., Tenn. Mille I>acs,co. iiiMinn., E. central part. Area, 6S4 sq. mis. Pop., 1,109 ; in 1860, 73. It includes the southern portion of the large lake of Mille Lacs, and is traversed from N. to S. by its out- let. Rum R., a tributary of the Mississippi R. The CO. consists of rolling prairies and tim- bered bottoms along the streams. Princeton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : ■Wheat, 7,920 bush.; rye, 422bush.; Indian-corn, 9,572 bush.; oats, 9,131 bush.; Irish pot's, .5,163 bush.; butter, 22,667 lbs.; hay, 1,917 tons. Cash value of farms, $86,410. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $10,514. Valine of manufactures, $45,897. Mille liac, a lake in Minn.; is drained by the Rum or St. Francis R., a tributarj' of the Mis- sissippi R. Millen, v. in Burke co., Ga., at the junction of the Augusta Branch with the main line of the Georgia Central R. R., 79 mis. fromSavan* nah. Pop. about 50. Millenbeck, p. o. in Lancaster co., Va. Miller, tn. in Bradley co., Ark. Pop., SS9. Miller, co. in Ga., S. AV. part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 3.091 : in 1860, 1.791. The surface is level and the soil, which consists mostly of sand, moderately productive. Spring Cr., an afliuentof the Flint R., intersects the co. from N. to S. and receives numerous small creeks. MILLER. 570 MILLINGTON. Colqiiit is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 76,783 bush.; oats, 11,908 bush.; Irish pot's, 25Sbiish.; sweet pot's, 13.Sij7 bush.; cotton, 1,(584 bales; butter, 11,370 lbs. Cash value of farms, $2-24, 78-2. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $266,625. Value of manu- factures, $37,656. Miller, tii. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 1,120. Jdiller, CO. in Mo., S. centi-al part. Pop., 6,616 ; in 1860, 6,812. Theco. lies in tlie Ozark region and has a broken, heavily timbered surface. The soil of the valleys is very fertile ; of tlie uplands poor. It is drained by Osage R., Tavern and Auglaize Crs. Tusciimbia is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 91,918 bush.; rye, 2,650 bush.; Indian-corn, 256,- 141 bush.; oats, 69,977 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,475 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,517 bush.; tobacco, 10,430 lbs.; butter, 31,773 lbs.; haj', 1.567 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,005,740. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $308,835. Value of manu- factures, $127,430. Miller, tn. in Dallas co.. Mo. Pop., 548. Miller, tn. in Gentry co.. Mo. Pop., 2,596. Miller, tn. in Maries co., Mo. Pop., 759. Miller, tn. in Marion CO., Mo. Pop., 1,273. Miller, tn. in Scotland co.. Mo. Pop., 1,245. Miller, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 902. Miller, tn. in Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 438. MillcreeU, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 586. Miller Grove, p. o. in Hopkins co., Tex. Miller's, p. v. in Lawrence co., Ohio, 34 mis. from Portland on the Ohio R. Miller's, p. o. in Linn co., Oregon. Millcrsbiirg'li, tn. in Mercer co., 111. Pop., 1,134. Millersbnrgli, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. from Rock Island. Pop., 277. Millersbnrg-li, p. v. in Elkhart CO., Ind., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 18 mis. S. K. of Elkhart. Millersbnrglt, v. in Ohio co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 3 mis. below. Rising Sun. Pop., 52. Mlllersburgh, p. v. in Iowa CO., Iowa, 18 mis. from Marengo. Millersburgh, p. o. in Cherokee co., Kans. Millersbnrgb, p. v. in Bourbon co., Ky., on IJinkston Cr. and on the Maysville & Lexing- ton R. R., 6 mis. N. of Paris, the co. seat. Pop., 675. One newspaper'. Millersbnrjs:!!, p. o. in Rice co., Minn. Millersbiirgli, p. v. in Callaway co.. Mo., 20 mis. from Mexico. *MillersburgrU, p. v. and the co. seat of Holmes co., Ohio, on Mill Cr. and on the Cleve- land, Mt. Vernon & Delaware R. R., 87 mis. S. of Cleveland, lingaged in coal and iron min- ing and in produce trade. Pop., 1,457. Two newspapers. ♦Mlllersburgli, p. v. in Dauphin co.. Pa., on the Susquehanna R., the Northern Central R. R. and the Lyken's Valley R. R., 26^ mis. N. of Harrisburgh. Pop., 1,518. Millers Camp Branch, p. o. in Raleigh co., W. Va. Miller's Corners, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., on the Canandaiguaj Batavia & Tonawanda Branch of the New lork Central R. R. Miller's Creek, p. o. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Miller's CreeU, p. o. in Estill co., Ky. Miller's Eddy, p. o. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Miller's Falls, p. v. in Eraukliu co., Mass., on tlic New London & North Division of the Vermont Central K. R., 100 mis. N. of New London, Conn. Miller's Mill, p. o. in Davidson co., N. C. Miller's Mills, p. o. in Herkimer CO., N. Y. Miller's I'lace, p. v. in Sutl'olk co., N. Y., 10 mis. from Yaphank. Millers:>ort, p. v. in Fairfield co., Ohio, 8 mis. from Thoruport. Pop., 149. Miller's Station, p. v. in Lake co.. Ind., on Lake Michigan and the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R.,9i/^mls. S. TT. of Michigan City. Miller's Station, p. o. in Harrison co., Ohio". Miller's Station, p. v. in Crawford co.. Pa., on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 3^}^ mis. N. E. of Cambridge borough. Miller's Tavern, p. o. in Essex co., Va. Millerstoivn, p. o. in Champaign co., Ohio. Millerstown, v. in Lehigh co.,"Pa. Pop., 486. Millerstown, p. liorough in Perry co.. Pa., on Juniata R. and the Pennsylvania Canal, oppo- site Miller's Station. Pop., 533. Millerstown, v. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 207. Millerstown Station, p. o. in Perry co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 32 mis. N. W. of Ilariisburgh. Millersville, p. o. in Christian co.j 111. Millersvillc, p. o. in Russell co., Ky. Millersville, p. v. in Anne Arundel co., Md., on the Annapolis & Elk Ridge R. R., i^ mis. S. E. of Annapolis Junction. Millersville, p. o. in Cape Girardeau co., Mo. *Mlllersville, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 4 mis. W. S. W. of Lancaster. It is beautifully situated in the midst of a rich agricultural region, and is the seat of the Millersvillc State Normal School, the largest and most vigorous institution of its kind in the country, having eight hundred students. The school buildings are models of neatness and con- venience. Pop., 1,180 : in 1860, 945. Millerton, p. v. and tlie co. seat of Fresno co., Cal., on the San Joaquin R., 106 nals. S. E. of Stockton. It is the trade center for an exten- sive grazing and agricultural section. Pop. about 500. One newspaper. *Millerton, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the New York & Harlem R. R., 93 mis. N. of New York. Pop., 640. Millerville, tn. in Douglas co., Minn. Pop., 285. MlIlerTille, p. o. in the above tn. Millettvllle, p. o. in Barnwell district, S. C. Mill Falls, p. o. in Marion co., W. Va. Millfield, p. o. in Athens co., Ohio. Mill Oap, p. o. in Highland co., Va. Mill Green, p. o. in Harford co., Md. Mill Grove, tn. in Steuben co., Ind. Pop., 975, Mill Grove, p. o. in Blackford CO., Ind. Mill Grove, p. o. in Poweshiek Co., Iowa. Mill Grove, p. o. in Mercer CO., Mo. Mill Grove, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., 1 rale. N. W. of the station on the New Y'ork Central R. R., and 18 mis. W. of Batavia. Mill Grove, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Mill Hall, p. V. in Clinton CO., Pa., on Bald Eagle Valley Branch of Penusylvania Central R. R., 4 mis. S. W. of Lock Haven. Pop., 452. Mill Haven, p. o. in Ouachita parish, La. Milllieiin, p. v. in Centre co., Pa., 20 mis. from Bellefonte. Millhcini, p. o. in Austin co., Tex. Mill Hill, p. o. in Cabarrus CO., N. C. Mill Hollow, p o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Millhonie, p. o. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Millhonsen, p. v. in Decatur co., Ind., 12 mis. from GreensDurgh. Milliamsport, v. in Allen co., Ind., 10 mis. from Fort Wayne. Millican, p. v. in Brazos co., Tex., on the Houston & Texas Central R. R., 30 mis. from Hempstcjid. Pop. about 25C. Milliken's Bend, p. v. in Madison pari.sh. La., on the Mississippi R., ISilIs. above Vicks- burgh. Miss. Millin, p. o. in Burke co., Ga. Mlllington, p. v. in Kendall CO., 111., on the Chicago, Quincy & Burlington R. R., 10 mis, S. W. of Yorkville. Milling'ton, p. v. in Kent CO., Md. Millington, p. v. in Franklin co., Mas3., 9ml3 from Orange. Millington, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop . 613. MILLINGTON. 571 MILMINE. Mi Ilington, p. o. In Tuscola co., Midi. Slilliugton, p. V. in Morris co., N. J., on the New .Jersey West Line R. R. Pop., 25. Milling'tou, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Mill Plain, p. v. in Fairflelcl co., Conn., 4 mis. from Danbury. Mill Point, p. o. in Carteret co., N. C. Mill Point, p. o. in Sullivan co., Tenn. Mill Point, p. o. in Pocahontas co., W. Va. Millport, p. o. in Sandford co., Ala. Millport, p. o. in Washington co., Ind, Millport, p. o. in Knox CO., Mo. Mill Port, p. V. in Chemung CO., N". Y., on the Northern Central R. R., 8 mis. N. of Horse- heads. Pop., 741. Millport, p. V. in Columbiana co., Ohio, on the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R. Millpert, p. v. in Potter eo.. Pa., 22}^ mis. from Olean, N. Y. Mill Ray, p. o. in Bullock co., Ga. Mill River, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., 5 mis. from Sheffield. Mill'River, p. o. in Henderson co., N. C. Mill Rock, V. in Jackson co., Iowa, 1 mle. from Fremont. Mill Rnn, p. v. in Fayette CO., Pa., ll^^mls. from Connellsville. Mill Rnn, p. o. in Preston co., "W. Va. Mill Run, tn. in Pendleton co., W. Va. Pop., I,lfi0. Millry, p. o. in Washington co., Ala. Mills, new co. in Dak. Ter., E. central part :1s Intersected from N. to S. by the Dakota R., and drained by numerous small affluents of this stream. The surface is rolling and gene- rally consists of prairies. Mills, CO. in Iowa, S. W. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 8,718 ; in 1800, 4,481. The surface is i-olling ; the soil good. The Missouri R. forms the W. boundarv, separating it from Nebr. The Burlington & Missouri River R. R. passes through the central part of the co. Glen- wood is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 162,901 bush.; rye, 1,837 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,380,055 bush.; oats, 191,569 bush.; Irish pot's, 80,074 bush.; sweet pot's, 372 bush.; woo), 11,652 lbs.; butter, 182,755 lbs.; hay, 16,- 471 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,564,201. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 21.5,629. Value of manufactures, $277,457. Mills, p. o. in .Jackson co., Wis. Millsborong'b, p. v. in Sussex co., Del., 8}^ mis S. of Georgetown. Pop., 194. Millsborong'h, p. v. in Washington co.. Pa., 22 mis. from Washington. Pop., 324. Millsburg'h, p. o. in Fannin co., Ga. Mills Centre, p. v. in Brown CO., Wis., 9 mis. from Fort Howard. Mills' Corners, p. o. in Jay co., Ind. Mills' Corners, p. o. in Fulton co., N. Y, Mill Shoals, p. o. in White CO., 111. Mills' Mills, p. o. in Allegany co., N. Y. Mills' Prairie, p. o. in Edwards co.. 111. Mill Spring-, v. in St. Louis co.. Mo., on the Missouri Pacific R. R., 3 mis. W. of St. Louis. Mill Spring, p. o. in Jefferson co., Tenn. Mills Spring, p. o. in Polk co., N. C. Mill Springs, p. o. in Waj'ne Co., Ky. Millstadt, p. v. in St. Clair CO., 111., 8 mis. S. W. of Belleville. Millstone, p. v. in Somerset co., N. J., on the New Brunswick & Millstone Branch of the New .Jersey R. R. Millstone, tn. in Monmouth co., N. J. Pop., 2,087. Millstone, tn. in Elk co., Pa. Pop., 173. Millstone, p. o. in Forest co.. Pa. Millstone Point, p. o. in Washington co., Md. Millstone River, a tributary of the Raritan R. in N. J.; forms part of the boundary be- tween Somerset and Middlesex cos., and flows in a northerly direction. Milltown, p. V. in Chambers co., Ala., 22 mis. from Cusseta. Milltown, p. o. in Hutchison co.. Dak, Ter. Mill Town, p. V. in Berrien co., Ga., 15 mis. from Stockton. Milltown, p. o. in Crawford co., Ind. Milltown, p. o. in Adair Co., Ky. Milltown, p. V. in Washington co., Me., on the St. Croix R. and the Calais & Baring K. R., 2 mis. S. of Calais. Milltown, p. o. In Middlesex co., N. J. Milltown, p. o. in Chester co., Pa. Milltown, tn. in Polk co.. Wis. Pop., 66 Milltown, p. o. in the above tn. Millvale, borough in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 66S. Millvtew, p. o. in Escambia Co., Fla. Millview, p. o. in Sullivan co., Pa. Mill Village, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. H. Mill Tillage, p. o. in Erie eo., Pa., on the At- lantic & Great Western R. R., 18% mis. W. of Corry. Mlllville, p. V. in Shasta co., Cal., 20 mis. from Shasta. Millville, p. V. in Henry co., Ind., on the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 5^4 mis. W. of Hagerstown. Millville, tn: in Clayton co., Iowa. Pop., 842. Millville, p. V. in the above tn., 18 mis. from Farley. Millville, p. o. in Woodford co., Ky. Millville, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Providence & Worcester R. R., W% mis. N. W. of Providence, R. I. Millville, p. o. in Wabashaw co., Minn. Millville, p. o. in Madison co.. Miss. Millville, p. V. in Ray co.. Mo., 13 mis. from Richmond. *Millville, p. V. in Cumberland co., N. J., on Maurice R. and on the Cape May & Millville R. R. and the West Jersey R. R., 40 mis. S. of Camden. Has manufactories of glass, iron and cotton. Pop., 6,101 ; in 1860, 3,842. Two newspapers. Millville, p. V. in Orleans co., N. Y., 2i^ mis. S. of Knovvlesville Station on the New York Central R. R. Millville, p. V. in Butler co., Ohio, 6 mis. from Hamilton. Millville, p. Y. in Columbia CO., Pa., 11 mis. N. of Bloomsburgh. Millville, borough in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 2,105. Millville, p. o. in Spartanburgh district, S. C. Millville, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn. Millville, p. o. in Cache co., Utah Ter. Millville, p. o. in Westmoreland co., Va. Millville, tn. in Grant co., Wis. Pop., 223. Millville, p. Y. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. W. of Mt. Hope. Millville Depot, p. o. in Pike co.. Pa. Millway, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., on the Reading & Columbia R. R., 23 mis. from Read- ing. Millwood, p. o. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Millwood, p. o. in Leavenworth co., Kans. Millwood, p. o. in Grayson co., Ky. Millwood, tn. in Lincoln co., Mo. Pop., 1,479. Millwood, p. V. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Troy. Millwood, p. V. in Knoxco., Ohio, 12mls. from Mt. Vernon. Pop., 122. Millwood, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 1,524. Millwood, V. in the above tn.. Pop., 367. Millwood, p. V. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 169 mis. W, of Altoona. Millwood, p. V. in the v. of Telfords, Wash. ington CO., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, Vir. ginia & Georgia R. R. Millwood, p. o. in Collin co., Tex. Millwood, p. V. in Clarke CO., Va., 10 mis. from Winchester. Pop., 213. Miluiine, p. v. in Piatt co.. 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., i^ mis. W. of Be- ment. MILNER. 572 MILWAUKEE. Bf liner, p. o. in Randolpli co., Ala. Milncr, p. v. in Pike CO., Ga., on the Macon & Western R. R., 47 mis. from Macon. Miliier's Corners, p. o. in Hancock co., Ind. Milnersvllle, p. o. of the v. of New Biraiing- liam, Guernsey CO., Ohio, 14 mis. from Cam- hridge. Mllnesville, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. 9Iilo, p. o. in Pike CO., Ala. Milo, tn. in Bureau co., 111. Pop., 1,118. Milo, p. o. in the above tn. Mllo, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 767. Milo, p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. mio, tn. in Piscataquis co., Me. Pop., 938. Milo, p. V. in the above tn., on the Bangor & Piscataquis R. R., 40 mis. from Bangor. Slilo, p. o. in Barry co., Mich. Milo, tn. in Mille Lac co., Minn. Pop., 153. Milo, tn. in Yates co., N. Y. Pop., 4,779. Mllo, p. o. in Deflanco co., Ohio. Milo, p. o. in the v. of Littleton, Wetzel co.,W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R.,57 mis. W. of Grafton. Mllo Centre, p. o. in Y^ates co., N. Y. Milor, p. o. in Sebastian co.. Ark. Milpitas, tn. in Santa Clara co., Cal. Pop., 6G5. Milpitas, p. o. in the above tn., on the Central Pacific R. R. (jnatay, tn. in San Diego co., Cal. Pop., 324 qnatay, p. o. in San Diego co., Cal. Iroy, p. o. in Knox co., 111. Milroy, p. v. in Rush co., Ind., 8 mis. from Rushville. Blilroy, tn. in Jasper co., Ind. Pop.. 123. *Milroy, p. v. in Mifflin co., Pa., on a branch of the Pennsjdvania Central R. R., 12 mis. N. of Lewistown. Milroy, tn. in Grant co., W. Va. Pop., 1,836. Milton, V. in Autauga co., Ala. Milton, p. o. in Calaveras co., Cal. Milton, p. V. in Litchfield co.. Conn., 7^ mis. from Cornwall Bridge. Milton, p. V. in Sussex co., Del., 7 mis. from Ellendale. Pop., 824. Milton, p. V. and the co. seat of Santa Rosa CO., Pla., on East B, Pop., 1,014. Milton, CO. in Ga., N. part. Areaaboiit 150 sq. mis. Pop., 4,284 ; in l!^60, 4,602. This small co. is bounded on the S. by the Chattahoochee R. and intersected by Vickerj^'s Cv. The surface is broken and the soil generally productive. Alpharetta is the co. seat. Agr. productions In 1870 : Wheat, 24,896 bush.; rye, 147 bush.; In- dian-corn, 93,095 bush.; oats, 15,331 bush.; Irish pot's, 762 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,015 bush.; cot- ton, 215 bales : butter, 24,026 lbs. Cash value of farms, $422,380. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $185,937. Value of manufactures, $44,406. Milton, p. V. in Pike co., 111., 12 mis. from New Salem. Pop., 354. Milton, tn. in Du Page co.. 111. Pop., 2,175. *^Milton, p. V. in Waj-ne co., Ind., on the Port Wayne, Muncie & Cincinnati R. R. and White River Valley Division of the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 10 mis. from Connersville. It is an agricultural town. Pop., 823. Milton, tn. in Jefferson co., Ind. Pop., 1,975. Milton, p. o. in Van Buren co., Iowa. Milton, p. o. in Marion co., Kans. Milton, p. v. in Trimble co., Ky., on the Ohio R. and 3 mis. from Madison, Ind. Pop., 223. Milton, t)i. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 2,683. Milton, p. V. in the above tn., on a branch of the Old Colony R. R., 2 mis. S. W. ofNeponset Village. Milton, p. o. in Macomb co., Mich. Milton, tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 594. Milton, tn. in Antrim CO., Mich. Pop., 359. Milton, tn. in Dodge co., Minn. Pop., 912. Milton, V. in Randolph co., Mo., 6 mis. from Moberly. Milton, p. o. in Saundera co., Nebr. Milton, tn. in Strafford co., N. H. Pop., 1,599. Milton, p. V. in the above tn.^on the Conway Division of the Eastern R. R. of Massachu- setts, 20 mis. from Great Falls. Milton, p. o. in MoiTis co., N. J. Milton, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop., 4^46. Milton, p. V. in Ulster co., N. Y., on the Hud- son R., opposite Milton Ferry, which is a sta- tion on the Hudson River R. R. il4 mis. N. of New Hambui-gh. *Milton, p. V. in Caswell co., N. C, 9 mis. from Whitlock, Halifax co., Va. Milton, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 1,.524. Milton, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 1,494. Milton, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 744. Milton, p. V. in the v. of Pierce's Mills, in the aliove tn., 10 mis. from Braceville. Milton, tn. in Jackson co., Ohio. Pop., 2,372. Milton, tn. in Ashland co., Ohio. Pop., 1,240. Milton, V. in Miami co., Ohio, on the West Branch of the Miami R., 6 mis. S. of Pleasant Hill. Pop., 4.55. The p. o. is West Milton. Milton, p. o. in Umatilla co., Oreg. *Milton, p. borough in Northumberland co., Pa., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R. and Catawissa R. R., and on the West Branch of the Susquehanna R.. 13 mis. N. of Sunbury. It is laigely engaged in lumber and iron trade. Pop., 1,909 ; in 18(50, 1,651. One newspaper. Milton, p. o. in Rutherford co.,Tenn. Milton, tn. in Chittenden co., Vt. Pop., 2,062. Milton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Central Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 7 mis. from Colchester. Milton, p. o. in Cabell co., W. Va. Milton, tn. in Buffalo CO., Wis. Pop., 244. Milton, tn. in Rock co.. Wis. Pop., 2,010. ^'Milton, p. V. in the above tn., at the junction of two branches of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R R., 11 mis. W. of Whitewater. Miltona, p. o. in Douglas co., Minn. Milton Centre, p. o. m Saratoga co., N. Y. Milton Centre, p. v. in Wood co., Ohio, on the Dayton & Michigan R. R., 30 mis. S. W. of Toledo. Milton Junction, p. v. in Rock co., Wis., at the junction of the Wisconsin Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. with the Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R., 5 mis. W. of Milton. Milton Mills, p. v. in Strafford co., N. H., 6 mis. from Union. Milton Plantation, tn. in Oxford CO., Me. Pop., 258. Milton Plantation, p. o. in the above tn. Miltonsbnrgh, p. v. in Mouroe co., Ohio, 14 mis. from Barnesville. Pop., 176. Milton Station, p. v. in Coles co.. 111., on the Chicago Branch of the Illinois Central R. R., 9 nils. N. of Mattoon. Pop., 354. Milton Station, p. o. in Wayne co., Ohio. Milville, p. o. in Rusk co., Tex. Milwankee, p. v. in Clackamas co., Oreg., on the Oregon & California R. R., 7 mis. from Portland. Pop., 217. MilwauUee, p. o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Milwaukee, co. in Wis., S. E. part. Area, 310 sq. mis. Pm), 89,930; in 1860, 62,518. It bor- ders in the E. on Lake Michigan, and is inter- sected by the Milwaukee R. The surface is level and well timbered, and the soil highly productive. The numerous railroads center- ing at the city of Milwaukee, the co. seat, in- tersect the CO. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2.38,132 bush.; rye, 48,271 bush.; Indian- corn, 169,996 bush.; oats, 297,874 bush.; Irish pot's, 214,916 bush.; butter, 647,590 lbs.; hay, 25,069 tons. Cash value of farms, .$10,284,555. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 734,926. Value of manufactures, $18,793,122. Milwaukee, tn. in Milwaukee co., Wis. Pop., 3,096. *Milwaukee, city jiort of entry, and co. seat of IMilwankee co., Wis., on W. shore of Lake Michigan, at mouth of Milwaukee R., 85 mis MILWAUKEE EIVER. 573 MINERAL SPRINGS. X. by W. of Chicago. It is tlie terminus of the Milwaukee & Northern R. R., of the La Crosso Division and the Prairie du Chien Di- vision of Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., of the Western Union R. R. and of tlie Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., and is connected by steamers "With the principal ports on the lake. Its har- bor is capacious and safe. The imports from foreign countries, in 1872, had a value of $130,063, and the exports to foreign countries of $1,464,972. The city is pleasantly located upon both banks of the river. It is a prominent wheat market, and has immense facilities for stor- age and shipment. The river affords fine water-power, which is turned to account by extensive manufactories. The city has many substantial public buildings, hotels and pri- vate residences. The United States Custom House, which embraces the Post-offlce and United States Courts, is a handsome structure of Athens stone. Among the 60 church build- ings belonging to the different denomina- tions, several are renaarkable for beauty and design, as the new Baptist Church and the Catholic Cathedral of St. John. M. was settled in 1835, incorporated in 1846, and had, in 1870, a population of 71,450 ; in 1800, 45,140 : in 1850, 19,963, being the largest city in the state and the nineteenth in the Union. According to the last census, the native population was 37,667, of whom 37,499 were whites, and only 167 colored persons. The natives of foreign countries numbered 33,773, of whom 22,599 were Germans, 1,395 English- men, 3,784 Irishmen, 423 Scotchmen, and 692 Dutchmen. In the various classes of useful occupations there were engaged 23,119 persons, viz. : 244 in agriculture, 8,263 in professional and iDersonal services (including 68 clergymen, 23 Journalists, 108 lawyers, 84 physicians and sur- feons, 397 teachers,2,575 domestic servants and ,724 laborers), 5,355 in trade and transporta- tion, and 9.257 in manufactures and mechanical industries. Twenty-five newspapers and peri- odicals are published in the city, the principal of which are the " Sentinel" (daily, tri-weekly and weekly), "News" (daily, semi-weekly and weekly), "Evening Wisconsin" (daily, serai- weekly and weekly), "Herald" (daily and weekly), and " See Bote" (daily). Milwaukee River, in E. Wis., rises in She- boygan CO., flows through Ozaukee co., has a southerly course, and empties into Lake Michigan. The city of Milwaukee lies on both sides above its mouth. Blliubres 9Ioniitainis, a chain ti'ending N. and S. in N. Mex. Ter. They occupy the re- gion between the Eio Grande and the sources of the Gila R. Mimosa, p. o. in Hendricks co., Ind. Mimosa, p. o. in Republic co., Kans. Miin's Store, p. o. in Marion co., Tex. Miiia, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y^. Pop., 1,092. Miiia, p. V. in the above tu., 5>^ mis, W. of Slierhian. Mluaville, p. v. in Montgomery co., N. Y., 5 mis. S. of Amsterdam. Pop., 130. Miiiburn, p. v. in Dallas co., Iowa, on the Des Moines Valley R. R., 27 mis. from Des Moines. Pop. about 75. Miney, p. o. in Taney co., Mo. *^Mincleii, p. v. and the co. seat of Webster parish. La., near Baj-ou Dorcheat, 20 mis. S. \V. of Homer and 30 mis. N. E. of Snreveport. Pop., 1,100. One newspaper. Mliiden, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 456, Miudeii, p. V ■ " I'orrestville. Mindeii, tn. in Benton co., Minn, Mlnden, p. o. Lawrence co., Mo. Mindeu, tn. in Montgomery co., N. Y, 4,600. Mlnden, p. o. in the above tn. Mindeu, p. o. iu Rusk co., Tex. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Pop., 81. Pop., Mindoro, p. o. in the v. of Farmington, in La Crosse co.. Wis., 9 mis. N. of West Salem. Mine Creek, tn. in Hempstead co.. Ark. Pop., 2,5G0. Mine Creek, p. o. in Hempstead co.. Ark. Mine Creek, p. o. in Edgefield district, S. C. Mine Hill, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. Mine Mill Falls, p. o. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Mine L.aMotte, p. o. in Madison co.. Mo. Mineola, p. v. in Queens co., N. T., on the Long Island R. R , the Hempstead Branch and the Glen Cove Branch of the Long Island R. R, 19 mis. fi-om Hunter's Point. Pop. about 200. Blineola, p. o. in Wood co., Tex. Miner, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. E. central part ; has a gently undulating surface, consisting of prairies, and is drained by Morse's Cr. and other tributaries of the Dakota R. Miner, p. o. in La Salle co.. 111. Mineral, tn. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Pop., 191, Mineral, tn. in Plumas CO., Cal. Pop., 400. Mineral, tn. in Bureau CO., 111. Pop., 1,034. Mineral, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 21]4 mis. W. of Bureau Junction. Mineral, tn. in Jasper co., Mo. Pop., 1,195. Mineral, p. v. in Athens co., Ohio, on the Ma- rietta & Cincinnati R. R., 10 mis. W. of Athens. Pop. about 200. Mineral, co. in W. Va., N. E. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 6,332. The North Branch of the Potomac R. flows along the western and northern borders, and separates the co. from Md. Tlie Middle Creek Mt. forms the eastern boundary, and the Alleghany Mts., New Creek Mt. and Knobby Mt. intersect the co. and divide it into highly picturesque and productive vaUeys. The principal streams are New and Paterson Crs. New Creek is the CO. s^t. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 50,915 bush.; rye, 13,257 bush.; Indian-corn, 71,895 bush.; oats, 29,331 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,891 bush.; butter, 52,078 lbs.; hay, 5,104 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,406,707. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $445,144. Value of man ufactures, $117,532. Mineral City, p. o. in White Pine co., Nev. Mineral Hill, p. o. in Elko co., Nev. Mineral Park, p. o. in Mohave CO., Ai-iz. Mineral Point, p. v. in Anderson co., Kans., 28 mis. from Ottawa. Mineral Point, p. v. in Washington eo.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R. and the Potosi Branch of the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 61 mis. S. of St. Louis. Pop. about COO. Mineral Point, p. o. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, on the Tuscarawas Branch of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 20 mis. from Bayard. Pop. about 175. Mineral Point, p. v. in Cambria co.. Pa., on the Conemaugh R. and the Pennsylvania Cen- tral R. R., 4J4 mis. E. of Conemaugh. Mineral Point, tn. in Iowa co.. Wis. Pop., 4,825. ^Mineral Point, city in the above tn., on the Mineral Pomt R. R., 40 mis. S. VV. of Madison and 190 mis. W. by S. of Milwaukee. Center of trade for a region that annually produces large quantities of copper and lead. Pop., 3,275. Three newspapers. Mineral Ridge, p. v. in Boone co., Iowa, 9 mis. from Boonesborough. ^Mineral Ridge, p. v. m Mahoning co., Ohio, on the Niles & New Lisbon Division of the Atlantic &, Great Western R. R., 3 mis. from Niles. It has several coal mines and about 700 inhabitants. Mineral Spring, p. o. in Newaygo co., Mich. Mineral Springs, tn. in Greene co., HI. Pop., 1,181. Mineral Springs, p. o. in Hempstead CO., Ark. MINERAL SPRINGS. 574 MINNESOTA. Aliiieral Springs, p. o. in Boa Homme CO., Dak. Ter. 9Iiueral Sprines, p. v. in Schoharie co., N. v., 2 mis. tioiu Cobleskill. Mineral Springs, p. o. in Adams co., Ohio. Mineral Wells, p. o. in Wood co., W. Va. Miners' Deliglit, p. o. in Sweetwater co., Wyo. Ter. Miiiersville, v. in Trinity co., Cal. Pop., 102. Minersville, p. o. in Christian co., Mo. MinersTille, p. v. in Meigs co., Ohio, 1 mle. from Fomeroy. Pop. about 1,000. •Minersville, p. boi-. in Scliui'lkill co., Pa., on Mine Hill & Schuylkill Haven Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. II., 4 mis. W. 9f Pottsville. Pop., 3,699. Wlnersville, p. v. in Beaver co., Utah Ter., on :hc Beaver R., 18 mis. ^V. of Beaver. In the vicinity are rich gold mines. Pop., 446. Minerva, tn. in Hiarshall co., Iowa. Pop., 6S0. Minerva, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from State Center. Minerva, p. v. in Mason co., Ky., 6 mis. from Dover. Pop., 169. Minerva, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 908. Minerva, p. o. in the above tn. Minerva, v. in Carroll co., Ohio. Pop., 210. *MiMerva, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio, on the Tus- carawas Branch of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 14 mis. S. of Alliance. Pop., 210. One newspaper. Minetto, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., near the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., and on the Oswego R., 4^ mis. above Oswego. *Mineville, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y. Mingo, tn. in White CO., Ark. Pop., 80. Mingo, tn. in Bates CO., Mo. Pop., 789. Ming'o, p. V. in Champaign co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 4 mis. fi"om North Lewisburg. Pop., 205. Mingo, tn. in Randolph co., W. Va. Bop., 537. Mingo Flat, p. o. in the above tn. Mingo Junction, p. v. in JelTerson co., Ohio, at t he crossing of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., with the Pittsburgh & Cincinnati R. R., 23 mis. from Belle Air. Mingsville, p. o. in AVright co^ Mo. *Minier, p. v. in Tazewell co., 111., on the Chi- cago & Alton R. 11., 17 mis. S. W. of Blooming- ton. Pop. about .500. One newspaper. Minisink, tn. in Orange CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,443. Miuisink, p. o. in the above tn. Minneapolis, p. V. in Ottawa co., Kans., on Solomon R., 25 mis. N. W. of Solomon CitJ^ Has abuntlant water-power, which is fast being turned to account for manufacturing purposes. Pop. about 550. One newspaper. Minneapolis, tn. in Hennepin co., Minn. Pop., 14,J3>t. ■^Minneapolis, city in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on both sides of the Mississippi R., 10 mis. N. W. of St. Paul aud at Falls of St. Anthony. A tine suspension bridge spanning the R. connects the eastern and western parts of the city. The eastern part was formerly the city of St. Anthony. Its railroad connec- tions are the St. Paiil & Minneapolis R. R., St. Paul & Pacific R. R., Minneapolis & St. Louis II. R., and Minneapolis \; Dululh R. R. The City jjossesses one of the linest available water-powers in the world, which it is largely employing in extensive manufactories of cast- ings, woollen goods, flour, paper, agricultural implements, sash, doors, mouldings, etc., ag- gregating annually over 811,000,000 in value. There are here several beautiful hotels, public buildings and private residences. Kourte.'.n newspapers are publislied, the principal of which are the " Tribune" ((iaily and weijkly): "Evening News," " Farmers's Union," "Nor- disk Folkeblad," Norwegian, aud " Freie Presse," German. Pop., 18,079; in 1860,5.821. Miuuetaaha, co. in Dak. Ter., E. part. Pop., 3.5.). It borders on Minn., has a rolling jirairie surface, and is intersected from N. to S. by the Big Sioux R. Sioux Falls is the co. seat. Agr. pfoductions in 1870: Butter, 8,100 lbs. Cash value of farms, .<;20,540. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to slock, etc., §2,275. Minnehaha River, a small tributary of the Mississippi R., in Hennepin CO., Minn. It is noted for its beautiful falls, 40 feet high and about half a mile above its mouth. Minneaslca, tn. in Wabashaw co., Minn. Pop., 393. Minneola, p. o. in Little River co.. Ark. Minneola, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop.. 1,089. Minneqna, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., on the Northern Central R. R., 41 mis. N. of Wil- liarasport. Minueska, p. v. in Wabashaw co., Minn., on the Mississippi R. and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 16 mis. N. W. of Wiiiona. Pop., 217. MINNESOTA lies near the center of the con- tinent, and is bounded on the N.by British Amer- ica, from which it is partly separated by the Pig- eon R. antl the sei'ies of lakes and portages ex- tendingfrom that river westward to RainyLake. The boundaiy then follows Rainy Lake and its outlet. Rainy Lake R., to the large Lake of the Woods. The eastern boundary is formed by Lake Superior and the state of Wis., from -whicu Minn, is divided by the St. Croix and Missis- sippi Rs. From Dak. Ter., in the W., Minn, is separated by the Red River of the North, the Bois des Sioux R., Lake Traverse and Big Stone Lake, and on the S. it is bounded by Iowa. It extends from 43° 30' to 49° N. lat., and from 89° 29' to 97° 5' W. long., and has an area of 83,531 sq. mis., or 53,459,840 acres. iSur/ace. — The surface of the state is undulat- ing and resembles the rolling prairies of the adjoining states of Iowa and Wis. It has no mountains, yet the general evenness of the sur- face is broken by that broad swell of the ground which intersects the northern portion, and is known as the "Hauteurs des Terres," or the Height of Land. This height gives rise to the head streams of the Mississippi and tlie affluents of Lake Winnepeg and rarely exceeds 1,500 feet in elevation above the sea. "Lake Itaska, com- monly regarded as the source of the Mississippi, lies within the heights and is 1,680 feet high. Rivers and Lakes. — Minn, has five navigable rivers. The Mississippi, rising on the Height of Land, takes from Lake Itasca a circular sweep northward, and then pursues a general southern course, running through the state for about 800 mis., of which 130 wash the eastern boundary. It is navigable in all about 510 mis. in the state, which distance, however, is inter- rupted by the Falls of St. Anthony, near Min- neapolis. The St. Croix R., rising in northern Wis., flows southward and forms, for 128 mis., the boundary between Wis. and Minn. It is navigable for 53 mis. The Minnesota R., the principal tributary of the Mississippi in the state, rises in Coteau des Prairies, in Dak. Ter., and after passing through Big Stone Lake, flows S. E. as far as Mankato, where it sharply turns N. E. and empties 5 luls; above St. Paul, after a course of 470 mis., 300 of which are navigable in the wet season and about 50 in the dryest months of the year. The Red River of the North rises in the Height of Land near the source of the Missis- sippi, and, after sweeping to the S. and the W. to Breckinridge, flows due N., along the bound- ary of Minn., a distance of 380 mis. It i« uavi- gaole in most seasons about 250 mis. The St. Louis 11., which joins the western extremity of Lake Superior, is navigable for 21 mis. The large rivers here mentioned receive nu. merous smaller streams, watering every por tion of the state and atfording (excellent facili ties for lumbering, manufacturing iinl. Mishicot, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Two Rivers. Mispillion, tn. in Kent co., Del. Pop., 3,478. Missaukee, eo. in Mich., N. central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 130. The surface is rolling and well timbered andtlie soil moder- ately productive. It is intersected by the Chuii R. and the Muskegon II. Musk Rat Lake is situated in the W. part. Mission, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,596. Mission, tn. in Neosho co., Kans. Pop. J, 732. Mission Creek, tn. in Wabaunsee co., Kans. Pop., 445. Mission Creek, p. v. in Pawnee co., Nebr., on Elm Cr., a tributary of the Big Blue R., and 23 mis. S. W. of Tabic Rock. 37 Mission Ritlge, a chain trending N. E. and S. W. through Cherokee co., Ala., and Walker and Catoosa COS., Ga., terminating on the Ten- nessee 11., near Chattanooga. Missionary Station, p. o. in Floyd CO., Ga. Mission .San ,Tose, p. o. in Alameda CO., Cal. Mission Valley, p.v. in Victoria co.,Tes.,14i4 inls. from A'ieloria. Mississinewa, tn. in Darke CO., Ohio. Pop., 798 Mississinewa River, a tributary of the Wa- bash R. in Ii^diana ; rises in Randolph co. and passes througli Delaware, Grant, Wabash and INIiami cos. It has a north-westerly com se. MISSISSIPPI, one of the southern st.xtes ; is bounded on the W. by Ark. and La., on theS. by La. and the Mississippi Sound, an extension of the Gulf of Mexico; on the E. by Ala. and on the N. by Tenn. Its Icngtli from N. to S. is 334 nils.; its average width from E. to W.150 mis., and its area 47,15(5 sq. mis., or 30,179,840 acres. It lies between 30° 20' anil 35° N. lat., and 88° 12' and 91° 40' W. long. Surface.— The north-eastern is the highest part of the state and forms an undtilatinglal)le-land, which gently slopes down toward the W. and S., and terminates witli steep blutfs on the banks of the Mississippi and Yazoo Rs. In several places, as at Vicksburg, Grand Gulf, Rodney, Natchez, Ellis Clilfand Fort Adams, these blutfs approach close to the river ; in others a broad belt of swarnpy bottom-lands extends along their base. The north-western part of the state includes the largest of these swampy regions, known as the " Yazoo Bottom," which is tra- versed bj' the Yazoo, Sun Flower and other streams. It has an area of 7,110 sq. mis. and varies in width from a few to 100 nils. It is, however, intersected by a line of higher ground, some 2 to 6 mis. In width, whicli is never over- flowed. Rivers. — The Mississippi, which washes the western border of the state, drains nearly one- half of its area. Its pi-incipal tributary is the Y'azoo R., which flows near the eastern part of the bottom, rises near tlie northern state line in Marshall co., is known as Cold Water R. un- till joined by the Tallahatchee R., and then as Taliahatchee R. until joined by the Yallabusha R. The total length from its proper source (Horn Lalce) to its moutli above Vicksburgh, is about 500 nils., one-half of which distance is navigable during high water by boats drawing from 2 to 3 feet of water, and as "far as Panola by boats drawing 6 feet. The Big Black R. rises in Choctaw co.. and flowing S. W. joins the Mississippi above Grand Gulf. Its whole basin is made up of a rolling country entirely above danger of inundation. The Homochitto R. is the last tributary of the Mississippi, in state of importance. It rises in Franklin co., and flowing W. forms the boundary between Adams and Wilkinson cos. The north-eastern jiart of the state is drained by tlie head waters of the Tombigbee R. and the south-eastern by the Pascagoula R., which is formed in Greene eo. by the Leaf and Chicka- sawlia Rs. Pearl R. rises in De Kalb co., flows W. S. W. as far as Jackson, and turning S. emp- ties into Mississippi Sound near Lake Borgne. The Young Warrior and Strong Rs. are its principal affluents. The Tennessee R. touches the N. E. corner of the state for about 15 mlg. Cliynate and Vegetation.— ^lias. has a warm cli- mate. The summers are long and hot, the win- ters short and mild. The isothermal of 88° Fahr. passes through tlie central part, and that of 84° through the northern part. The rain-fall is abundant and well distributed through the seasons. Along the Gulf coast it amounts to 64 inches, and from liere gradually diminishes to- ward the N. \V., where it is about 48 inches. The soil of Miss, is very fertile and the vege- tation luxuriant. The more elevated portions of the bottoms of the Yazoo and Mississippi are covered with red hickory, holly,, spicewood,. MISSISSIPPI. 578 MISSISSIPPI. (logwood, sassafras, walnut, pecan, gum, over- cup oak and liackberry, while the lower and swampy portions contain cypress, water-oak, l^rjvet, "box elder and swamp" ash. The tal)le-land in the N. E. portion of the state consists generally of prairie laud. The remaining and by far the largest portion is covered with forests, consisting of deciduous trees and southern evergreens, as the live-oak, magnolia and others. The long-leaved pine pre- dominates in the sandy plains which occupy the S. K. corner. J'opidation.—Ihe population of Miss., in 1800, was 8,850 ; in 1810, 40,852 ; in 18-20, 75,448 ; in 1830, 13iJ,H21 ; in 1840, 375,651 ; in 1850, 60o,5-26 ; in 18(iO, 791,305; and in 1870, 827,922. This last aggregate comprised 382,890 whites; 444,201 colored per- sons ; 16 Chinese and 809 Indians. The persons born in the United States num- bered 816.731, of whom 563,596 are natives of the state, 59,519 of Ala., 28,259 of Ga., 938 of 111., 575 of Ind., 1,458 of N. Y., 27,941 of N. C, 1,171 of Ohio, 8.55 of Pa.. 35,956 of S. C, 31,804 of Tenn., and 33,- 551 of the Virginias. The foreign-born popula- tion numbered but 11,191, of whom 2,960 were natives of Germany, 1,086 of England, 3,359 of Ireland, and 434 of Scotland. The population of 10 j'ears of age and over numbered 581,206 ; of who"m 318,850 were engaged in all classes of occupations, viz.: 259,199 in agriculture;, 40,522 in professional and personal services, 9,148 in trade and transportation and 9,981 in manufactures and mechanical indus- tries. Agriculture. — Miss, has on the whole an ex- ceedingly productive soil, and but few small sections of the state are permanently unfit for tillage. The sandy pine region in the S. E. re- quires fertilizing, but in its present state yields turpentine. The prairie table-land in tlie N. E. has a rich black soil, impregnated with lime, and produces heavy crops of cotton and corn. The valleys of the central and northern parts are also very productive, but the richest soil is found in the Yazoo and Mississippi bottoms, which indeed are inexhaustible. The great staple is cotton, and in its production Miss, holds the lirst rank in the country. In 1870 there were 4,20',),146 acres of improved land, 7,959,384 acres of woodlanil and 952,583 acres of other unimproved land, making a total of 10,121,113 of acres in farms, which is but a little over one-third of the area of the state. The cash value of farms was $81,716,576. Total, estimated,valueof all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., was $73,137,9o3. The wages paid amounted to $10,326,794. The princi- pal products were: Sprinjj wheat, 66,638 bush.; winter wheat, 207,841 bush.; rye, 14,852 bush.; Indiau-corn, 15,637,316 bush.; oats, 414,586 bush.; Irish pot's, 214,189 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,743,432 bush.; cotton, 564,938 bales; wool, 288,285 lbs.; rice 374,627 lbs.; tobacco, 61,012 lbs.; butter, 2,613,- 521 lbs.; hay, 8,324 tons; cane sugar, 49 hhds.; cane molasses, 152,164 galls., and sorghum mo- lasses 67,509 galls. The value of all live stock was $29,940,238, and comprised 90,221 horses, 85,886 mules and asses, 173,899 milch cows, 58,156 working oxen, 269,030 other cattle, 232,732 sheep and 813,381 swine. Manu/aolures.—^Lisa. has but few manufac- tures and these mostly embrace the ordinary and simple branches of mechanical industry, such as building, blacksmithing, tanning, etc. The last census reports 1,731 e.stal)lishments, employing 384 steam-engines of 10,010 horse- power, 225 water-wheels of 2,453 horsii-power, and 5,941 operatives. The capital invested was $1,501,714, and the total value of products, $8,154,- 758. The wages paid wave $1,517,428, and the ma- terials con.sumcd, $1,364,206. The chief products of industi'y were sawed lumber of $2,160,667 in value, and flour and meal Of $2,053,567 in value. Comtnerce and Railroads.— ^iiss. has uo direct commerce with foreign countries. The only three ports of entry or custom districts, Nat- chez, Pearl Iliver and Vicksburgh, do not appear in the official tables of exports and im- ports. The total tonnage of the state, in 1871, was but 2,963. The domestic conimerce is car- ried on by way of the Mississippi and othtw" navigable streams, and the railroa(-ls,which had, in 1872, an aggregate length of 990 mis. The principal line is the Great Jackson lioute, com- prising the consolidated lines of the New Or- leans, Jackson & Great Northern R. B., the Mississippi Central R. R., and the Mississippi & Tennessee R. R. It extends from New Or- leans to Jackson, Tenn., and has a branch from Grenada to Memphis. The Mobile ake Verret, Washa Lake, Lake Fields, Lake Quitman, etc., and is traverseil bj- many bayous, throe of which, the Atchafalaya, Plaquemine and La Fourche are connected with the Mississippi. The river has Ave mouths, called passes, viz.: the Southwest Pass, the South Pass, the Southeast Pass, the Northeast Pass and the Pass a rOutre. The length of the uppei' Mississippi, from its source to its junction with the Missouri K., is, according to Capt. A. A. Humphrey's report, 1,330 mis.; and of the lower Mississippi, from said junction to the mouth, l,'28(irals., making a total for tlie great stream of '2,616 mis. The lower course is navigable at all times by the largest boats. In the upper course navigation is rendered difficult during tlie lowest stages of water bj' the bars and rapids, but is usually open to the Falls of St. Anthony, at Minneap- olis, Blinn. The following table shows the height of the river at various points, and its fall per mile : Distances Height Fall from above per mouth, the sea. mile. Extreme source 2,616 mis. 1,680 ft. Lakoltasca 2,610 M'th of OrowWingR.2,101 St. Paul 1,914 Prairie dn Chien 1,739 M'th of Missouri R.. .1,286 Cairo 1,097 Memphis 872 Baton Rouge 215 Gulf of Mexico The Mississippi R., with its numerous tri- butaries, drains an area of l,21t,000 sq. mis. Its average depth below the mouth of the Ohio R. varies from 90 to 120 ft., and its average velocity of current at New Orleans is from 34 to 35 mis. per day, or about 2 ft. per second. The average amount of water it discharges into the Gulf of Mexico is 675,000 cubic ft. per second, and the approximate quantity of earthy matter 237,795 tons per day. Owing to the vast drainage area, the river shows great differences between high and low water, and frequently rises so high as to in- undate the bottom-lands along its banks. The rise is produced by heavy rain-falls over large portions of its basin, or by the melting of the snow in the northern parts of the same, and lience cannot be predicted with any certainty. In 1853 four great rises took place at the head of the alluvial region (above the mouth of the Ohio). The tirst, caused mainly by a flood in the Ohio, ocurrcd in Decemljer, 18o7. It filled the Mississippi R. to the top of the Imnks, and the maximum discharge at Columbus was 1,190,000 cubic ft. per .second. The second rise occurred in March and April, 1858, and wa.s caused by the swelling of the lower tributaries of the Missouri R. and the Upper Mississippi R. The tLird great rise was caused by heavy rains, which swelled the lower tributaries of the Missouri R., of the Ohio and the upper Mis- sissippi R. The fourth and greatest ri^^e occur- red in .June, and was produced by heavy rains during May, in the Ohio valley, and the usual June rise of the Missouri, by the melting of snow ill the liocky Mts. The stream over- 1,575 " 17.50 ft 1,130 " 0.87 " 670 " 2.92 " 600" 0.34 " 416" 0.40 " 322 " 0.49 " 221 " 0.45 " 34 " 0.29 •' 0" 0.23 " flowed its Imnks, covered the swamps above Columbus, inundated the city of Cairo, and poured rapidly into the bottom-lands of the St. Francis R. In order to protect the alluvial region from inundations, embankments, called " levees," have been raised from five to ten feet on botli sides of the Mississippi and some of its lower tributaries. Mississippi Sound, extending along the coast of Miss, and Ala., is separated from the Gulf of Mexico by a chain of low islands, as Cat Island, Ship "island, Horn Island, Petit Bois lslan(i and Dauphin Island. Missisqnoi River, in Franklin co.,Vt., flows W. and empties into Lake Champlain. Missoula, CO. in Mont. Ter., forming the N. W. corner of the territory. Pop., 2,5.54. It borders in tlie N. on British America and in the W. on Idaho Ter. The Rocky Mts. occupy the eastern part, the Coeur d'Allene Bits, the western, and the Bitter Root Mts. trend along the S. \V. boundary. The Flat Head R., which is formed l)y three forks, flows to the S. along the western base of the Rocky Mts. Near the 48th parallel it expands into the beautiful Flat Head I^ake, and Ijelow this it describes a curve, flowing flrst S., then "W., and near the 115th meridian it is joined bj' the Missoula R. to form Clark's Fork of the Columbia. The Missoula R. is formed by the confluence of the Big Blackfoot and Hell Gate Rs., and below receives the Bitter Root R. The north-western corner of the co. is intersected by the Koote ney R. The region between the Flat Head R. and Clark's Fork is traversed bj' a range of rugged hills, which are covered down to the base with dense pine forests. Missoula is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 32,436 bush.: oats, 15,836 bush.; Indian-corn, 2.50 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,152 bush.; butter, 12,925 lbs.; hay, 956 tons. Cash value of farms, $96,- 520. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., !}iU0,195. Value of manufactures, 35215,400. *Missoiila, p. V. in the above co. and the co. seat, on Clark's R., 128 mis. W. of Helena, and in the midst of one of the most produc- tive mining regions of the territory. Pop. about 600. One newspaper. MIISSOIJRI lies W. of the Mississippi R., which separates it from 111., Ky. and Tenn., while the Missouri R. forms part of the western boundary. In the N. it borders on Iowa ; iu the \V. on Nebr., Kans., and Indian Ter., and in the S. on Ark. It has an area of 65,350 sq. mis., or 40,824,000 acres, and lies between 36° 30' and 40° 30' N. lat., and 89° 2' and 95° 51' VV. long. Surface.— The Missouri R., which intersects the state from W.to E., divides it into two dis- tinct portions. The northern portion resembles Iowa in structure, consists of rolling prairies, which are intersected by the deeply eroded valleys of the streams, and has a general slope from'N. W. to S. E. These valleys are generally well timbered with deciduous forests, while the uplands support a prairie vegetation of grasses and herbacious plants. The southern portion of the state is larger than the northern and presents a far greater variety of surface. The south-eastern extremity is occupied by the Great Swamp, the product of the terrible earth- quakes of 1811 and 1812, which buried the town of New Madrid and others in the floods of the Mississippi, and was followed by a general sub- sidence of t he ground. Four natural subdivis- ions of the Great Swamp may be distinguished, locally known as the St. Francis, the St. John's, the St. James, and the White Water, or Little River, Swamps. At some future time they will doubtless be reclaimed ; but thus far they have dclied all attempts at settlement. A lino of " blufl's," consisting in sevei-al places of pre- cipitous limestone rocks, bcjiiids the Great Swamp on the W., and terminates ou the Mia- MISSOURI. 581 MISSOURI. slssippi, near St. Generieve, in picturestlue hills 360 feet above the R. bank. These bluffs form the margin of an extremely- rough and broken territory, which occupies the greater part of southern Mo., and gradually sinks down to the valleys of the Osage and Missouri Rs. The hills are quite irregular, and rarelv assume the form of distinct ranges, ex- cept in the S. "W., where they attain their great- est elevation in the Ozark Mts., which traverse in compact ridges the N. W. corner of Ark. and a large T>ortion of Indian Ter. The Iron Mts. also ippsai' as a continuous range, which trends froi"!i A po.nt 60 mis. below the moiith of the MiS'-ouri R.,in a S. W. direction, and attains, in Filet Knob, an elevation of 1,490 feet above the sea. The portion of the state which lies AV. of the Ozark Region and lower course of the Osage B. consists of rolling prairies, and, like north 3Io., is deeply farrowed by the forest-clad val- leys of the streams. jRivers. — The principal rivers of Mo. are the Mississippi, which washes the entire eastern boundary, a distance of 470 mis., and the Mis- souri, which for 200 mis. forms the western boundary and from the point where it re- ceives tlie Kansas R. flows eastwardly across the state, joining the Mississippi 15 nils. N. of the cit5' of St. Louis. The tributaries which empty direct into the Mississippi N. of the Missouri R. are the Little Fork R., the "VVya- conda R., the Fabius R., formed by the Korth, Middle and South forks, and emptying opposite Quincy, 111., the Salt R., the Cuivi-e or Copper R.,Pt'ruque Cr. and Bardenne Cr. Tlio Maramec R. is tlie only stream of importance which ioins the Mississippi in this state S. of the Mis- souri. It rises in the Ozark Mts. and receives Bourbeuse and Negro Crs. The White R. be- longs to Ark., and with its most northerly curve only to Mo. Its tributaries drain the south-eastern portion of the state and join the White R. beyond its southern boundary. They are the North Fork, Eleven Point R., Current R. and Black R. The St. Francis R. and Little R. traverse the Great Swamj), and in Ark. unite with the Mississippi. The Missouri R.receives numerous tributaries in the state and drains the greater part of its area. Its northern affluents rise in Iowa and have a southerly course, as the Nishnabotany R., Nodaway R., Platte R., Grand R. (formed by several forks and joined by Big R., Thomas Fork, Medicine Cr.), Yellow Cr., Charitan R., Roclier Perce R. and Cedar R. The southern affluents of the Missouri are Lamine R., Osage R. (which rises in Kans. and receives the Lit- tle Osage R.), Sac It., Grand R., Pomme de Terre R., Big Niangua R., Auglaize R. and Marios Cr., and lastly the Gasconade R., wliich rises in the Ozark Mts. and receives Robideaux Cr. and Piney Fork. Climate and Vegelation.—The climate of Mo. is subject to great extremes. The summers are long and hot, and the winters so cold that the rivers are usually bridged over with ice strong enough for the heaviest loads. Mo. is a healthy state and particularly favorable to peroous af- flicted witli pulmonarj' diseases. Near St. Louis the mean annual temperature .6 55.50°, and the mean temperature of the sea- ions as follows : Spring, 5(;.15° ; summer, 76.20° ; fall, 55..50°, and winter, 33.85°. Tlie surface of Mo. is favorably divided be- tween prairie and timber land. In the northern and western portions of the state prairies pre- dominate, and the forests, chiefly of deciduous trees, are limited to the rich bottom-lands of the streams. Southern IMo. is abundantly sup- plied with timber. The Ozark Mts. are through- out coveied with woods comprising oaks, elms, limes, sycamores, ailanthus, maples, willows, hickory and other nut-bearing trees, chestnuts, catalpas, tnlip trees, poplars, cypress, pines and iiaw-paws. with an undergrowth of wild grapes, flowering shrubs and a great variety of climbers and creepers. The animal kingdom is represented by sev- eral species of deer, raccoons, squirrels, foxes, and in the mountains by liears, wild cats ana panthers. Wild pigeons and turkeys, quails and prairie hens areVery abundant : eagles, fal- cons and owls prej^ on the smaller birds, fleld mice and moles, and the larger streams and swamps are animated with immense flocks of wild geese and ducks, herons, swans and divers. Nor does Mo. lack snakes, lizards, frogs ami turtles. Population. — In 1810 Mo. had 20,845 inhabitants ; in IS20, 66,557; in 1830, 140,455; in 1S40, 383,702 ; in 1850, 682,044; in 1860, 1,182,012, and in 1870, 1,721.29.% Of this last number 1,603,146 were whites, 118,071 colored persons, and 75 Indians. In regard to nativity the population com- prised the following : Born in the United States, l,4i);>.028, inclusive of 788,491 natives of the state, 10,963 of Ark., 2,070 of Conn., 3,843 of Ga., 72,623 of 111., .51, 303 of Ind., 22,436 of Iowa, 4,933 of Kans., 102,801 of Ky., 4,045 of La., 2,316 of Me., 7,619 of Md., 5,731 of Mass., 4,570 of Mich., 3,484 of Miss., 1,235 of Nebr., 1,384 of N. H., 3,200 of N. J., 31,805 of N. Y., 76,062 of Ohio, 3.5,384 of Pa., 2,851 of S. C, 70,212 of Tenn., 3,386 of Tex., 2,961 of Vt., 61,- 305 of Va. and W. Va. and 6,282 of Wis. The for- eign-born population numbered 222,207, of whom 8,448 were natives of British America, 6,293 of France, 113,618 of Germany, 14,313 of England, 54,983 of Ireland, 3,283 of Scotland, l,.524of Wales, 1,167 of Holland and 2,599 of Sweden and Nor- way. The total population of 10 years and over numbered 1,205,568, and of these there were en- gaged in agriculture 263,918 ; in professional and personal services, 106,903 ; in trade and trans- portation, 54,885, and in manufactures, mining and mechanical trades, 79,850, making an aggre- gate of 505,556 persons engaged in all classes of occupations. Minerals and Mining. — The mineral wealth of Mo. is as great as that of any equal area on the globe,and its productions are distinguished not only for their immense quantitj', but also for their excellence and purity. The coal deposits of northern Mo. are a portion of the great Iowa field, and within the limits of the state measure 62,887 sq. mis. Prof. G. C. Swallow, the state ge- ologist, estimates the amount of available coal at 134,435 billions of tons. The smaller coal areas in other parts of the state, compared with this vast amount, are but of local importance. The iron deposits of Mo. are perhaps surpassed in extent by those of Mich, and Pa.; but in neither of those states are such vast quantities of almost pure metal so near the surface or even upon it as here. Iron Mt., in St. Francois co., is 228 feet high, covers an area of 500 acres, and its contents, of the finest ore, have been estimated at 16,5.w millions of cubic feet, or 230,187,075 tons. Pilot Knob, in Iron eo., is 581 ft. high (or 1,490 ft. above the sea), and covers an area of 360 acres. Magnetic iron, interspersed with specular iron, is found in immense quantities on Mt. Sbep- perd, near Pilot Knob. Lead is,nextto coal and iron,the most important mineral production of Mo. Prof. Swallow distinguishes four lead re- gions : the eastern, comprising an area of 5,000 sq. mis. in the cos. of Washington, Franklin, Jefi'erson, Crawford, Dent, Madison, St. Fran- cois and St. Genevieve ; the south-western, 200 sq. mis. large, in Jasper and Newton cos., with the Granby mines ; the southern, 100 sq. mis. large, in Taney and Christian cos., and the O.sage lead region, comprising 1,000 sq. mis. in the COS. of Cole, Moniteau, Morgan, Benton, Camden and Miller. The La Motte mines, in Madison co., and discovered in 1720, yielded, in 1870, 1,200,000 lbs. The Granby mines have been worked nearlv 20 years. Zinc, which is rather rare in the United States, occurs abundantly in this state, and in 1S72 eleven furnaces were en- MISSOURI. 582 MISSOURI. gagefl in reducing the ore. Copper was for- merly mined, but for the last tew j'ears Mo. Sroiluces none, though tlie rich deposits in ent, Crawford and otliercos. would pay liaml- somely, if rationally worked. Cobalt, nickel, manganese and small quantities of gold and silver have been found. Various kinds of lime- stone, marble and granite abundantly supply the demand for building materials. Ac/ricuUure.— The soil of Mo. is remarkable for variety and fertility. The prairies through- out the state are covered with a thick layer of highly productive loam, and the deep alluvial boti om-lands produce large crops of all cereals and fruits grown in the Temperate Zone. In the Ozark Mountain region there are limited areas of unproductive hills, easily distinguished by tlie settler, as they are generally covered with forests of the yellow piiie, thriving well in their sandj- soil. According to the census there were, in 1S70, 9,130,')15 acres of improved land, S,96.5,'229 acres of wood land, and 3,611,37(3 acres of other uuim- proveil land. Tlie cash value of farms was $*).2.;U)8,047 ; of farm implements. !3(15,5'J(3,42fi ; of farm productions, including additions to stock, $103,035,759, and of orchard products, $2,617,163. The productions were as follows : Spring wheat, 1,093,905 Imsh.; winter wheat, 13,222,021 bush.; rye, .559,532 bush.; Indian-corn, 66,034,075 bush.; oats, 16,578,313 bush.; barley, 269,240 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,238,361 bush.; sweet pot's, 241,2.53 bush.; tobacco, 12,321,483 lbs.; wool, 3,649,390 lbs.; cotton, 1,246 bales ; butter, 14,455,825 lbs.; cheese, 204.090 lbs.; hay, 615,611 tons ; sorghum molasses, 1,73(1,171 gallons, and wine, 32).173 gallons. The Agricultural Department computes the crops for 1871 as follows : Indian-corn, 87,390,000 bush.; wheat, 12,825,000 bush.; rye. 508,000 bush.; oats, 13,812,000 bush.; barley, 270,000 bush.; pota- toes, 3,410,000 bush.; tobacco, 13,138 lbs., and hay, 542,000 tons. The total value of live stock was, in 1870, $84,285,273, and comprised 493,939 horses, 111,502 asses and mules, 398,515 milch cows, 65,- 825 working oxen. 689,.355 other cattle, 1,352,001 sheep, and 2,306,430 swine. The value of ani- mals slaughtered was $23,626,784. Mmiufaciures. — Thenumber of manufacturing establishments, in 1870, was 11,879, which em- ployed 1,638 steam-engines, with 18,418 horse- power and 65,354 hands. The total value of products was $206,213,429; tlie capital invested m manufacturing, $80,257,244, and the wages paid, $31,055,445. Nine iron furnaces turned out products of $2,991,618 value ; one bloomery of $140,000 ; two rolling mills of $1,455,01)0; one nail factory of $294,000 ; thirty-one lead furnaces of $642,831 ; one bar and sheet-lead factorv of $650,000 ; 531 ■wagon shops of $3,253,734, and Ave car factories of $2,200,150. The value of flour and meal was $31,837,352 ; of men's clothing, $7,271,962 ; of boots and shoes, $4,099,552; of agricultural imple- ments, $1,588,108; of furniture, $3,303,024; of brass, produced in 10 foundries, $292,500 ; of stoves and hollow ware, $2,9S1,350 ; of malt liquor, $i>,519,548 ; of sawed lumber, $6,363,112 ; of plaine^l lumber, $857,310, and of steam-en- gines and boilers, $3,825,100. The pork packed in 23 estalilishments had a value of $4,135,250; and the goods made in 390 saddle and harness shops ot $5,424.63.5. Sixty- five factories turned out $8,355,511 worth of chewing and other tobacco, and 318 factories $2,0.")9,()i)3 worth of cigars. Co in merce.—'Mo. has great natural facilities for commercial intercourse. The Mississippi and Missouri lis. are navigable far beyond the limits of the state, and at all seasons atfbrd steam boat communication with the great commercial cities of the interior and witli New Orleans, while the larger tributaries of these streams are navigable fo short distances above their mouths. The railroad system of the state is of recent date, but has been perfected with the greatest energy. In 1853 the railroad mileage was but 53 ; in 18.56, 144 ; In 1858, 547 ; in 1862, 838 ; and in 1872, 2,783. New lines are in course of construc- tion. Tlie following are the principal lines in operation: Atlantic* Pacific R. U. (331 mis.), within the state, fi-om Paciflc, 37 mis. W. of St. Louis, to Vinita, Indian Ter.; the Burlington & Southwestern R. R., from Iowa state line to Laclede, Linn co. (65 mis.); the Louisiana Branch of the Chicago & Alton R. R. (100 rals.): the Southwestern Branch and the Winthrop Branch of the Chicago, Rock Island & Paciflc R. R. (168 mis.); the Hannibal & Central Missouri R. R., from Hannibal to Moljerly (71 mis.); the Han- ibal & St. Joseph R. R. (206 mis.); with a branch to Kansas City (53 mis.); and another from Pal- myra to Quin'cy (15 mis.); the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Blutfs R. R. (148 mis.), with the Mary ville Branch (63 nils.); the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R. (141 mis.): the Paciflc R. R. of Mis souri with four branches (393 mis.); the Quincy, Missouri & Paciflc R. R., from West Quincy to Kirksville (70 mis.); the St. Louis & Iron Mt. R. R. (196 nils.), with the Arkansas Branch (101 mis.), and the Potosi Branch (4 mis.); and the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R., with four branches (541 mis.). Wealth, Taxation and Debt.— The value of pi'operty, real and personal, was assessed in 1871 at $575,129,969 ; but amounted in reality to $1,- 284,922,897. The taxes, except for school pur- poses, are flxod at 50 cts. on $100. The total re- ceipts from Jan. 1 to Oct. 31, 1871, were $3,572,- 941, and the expenditures $2,725,759 ; leaving a cash balance in the treasury of $847,182. The flnancial condition of the state, in the words of the Governor's Message of 1872, was not without its difficulties; but by no means discouraging. The funded state indebtedness in 1870 amounted to $17,866,000, and the debts of counties, cities and townships to $29,643,965, of which $26,017,- 619, incurred in assisting railroads and other improvements, were secui-ed by bonds. Education. — Mo. provides with generous liber- ality for its schools and institutions of learning. In 1872 there were 634,443 persons between the ages of 5 and 21 years. Of these, 330,070 were en- rolled in the public schools, which nuinbered 6,842 against 5,418 in the preceding year. In 187i the number of schools was 8,490 ; teachers, 9,676. The average attendance of pupils was 210,692. The expenditure for salaries and other purposes was $1,638,3.53. The average cost incurred by the state for each child enjoying school privileges was a fraction over $8.00. The higher educational institutions of the state were the State University, at Columbia, with which an agricultural college is con- nected; the Mining School, at RoUa; three Normal Schools, at St. Louis, Kirksville and Warrensburgh; the Lincoln Institute, at Jetfer- son city, a seminary for colored teachers ; 19 colleges. 33 seminaries and 92 high-schools. All state educational institutions are strictly non- sectarian. There were also numerous establishments not controlled by the state, the most prominent of which is the Washington University, at St. Louis, with an '.Midowment of $700,000. The fol- lowing institutions are controlled by Roman Catholics: St. Vincent's Seminary, at Cape Gi- rardeau; St. Louis University, at St. Louis; Stanislaus Seminary, at Florissant ; the colleges at St. Louisand Hannibal ; the College of Chris- tian Brothers, at St. Louis. They also have 9 female schools, 23 parochial schools and 50 ele- mentary schools. The Lutheran institutions are the Concordia Seminaiy and an academy at St. Louis, a higher female school at St. Jo- seph, and about, oD parochial schools. Charitable and Penal InstUullons. — The insti- tution for the education of the blind, at St. Louis, was established in 1851. At Fulton there is an asylum for the insane and an. asylum fot MISSOUEI. 583 MITCHELL. the deaf and dumb. The State Penitentiary, located at Jefferson City, is nearly self-support- ing. The number of prisoners during 1871 varied from 750 to a50. Oovernmenl.—A. new constitution was adopt- ed bj' a convention in April, 1865, and ratified by the people in June ; but has since then been modified by several amendments. The Gover- nor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, Treasurer, Auditor, Register of Lands, Attor- ney-General and Superintendent of Public Schools are elected for a term of two years, on the first Tuesday after the first Monday of Xo- vember, in the "even years, 1872, 1874, etc. The Senate compi-ises 34 members, elected for four years, one-half biennially. Tlie House of Rep- resentatives consists of 13S members, who are chosen for two years at the general biennial election. The General Assembly meets annu- ally in the month of Januarj% The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court, 29 Circuit Courts, Inferior Courts, County Courts and Justices of the Peace. The Supreme Coui't is composed of 5 justices elected for 10 years and lias appellate jurisdiction. The judges of the circuit courts are elected for six years. In 1872 Mo. was di%'ided into the following 114 counties: Adair, Andrew, Atchispn, Audrain, Barry, Barton, Bates, Benton, Bollinger, Boone, Buchanan, Butler, Caldwell, Callaway, Camden, Cape Girardeau, Carroll, Carter, Cass, Cedar, Chariton, Christian, Clarke, Clay, Clinton, Cole, Cooper, Crawford, Dade, Dallas, Daviess, De Kalb, Dent, Douglas, Dunklin, Franklin, Gas- conade, Gentry, Greene, Grnnriy, Harrison, Heni'y, Hickory, Holt, Howard, Howell, Iron, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson, Johnson, Knox, Lac- lede, La Fayette, Lawrence, Lewis, Lincoln, Linn, Livingston, Macon, Madison, Maries, Marion, McDonald, Mercer, Miller, Mississippi, Moniteau, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, New Madrid, Newton, Nodaway, Oregon, Osage, Ozark* Pemiscot, Perry, Pettis, Phelps, Pike, Platte, Polk, Pulaski, Putnam, Ralls, Randolph, Ray, Reynolds, Ripley, Saline, Schuyler, Scot- land, Scott, Shannon, Shelb5-, St. Charles, St. Clair. St. Genevieve, St. Fi-ancois, St. Louis, Stoddard, Stone, Sullivan, Taney, Texas, Ver- non, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Webster, Worth and Wright. Jefferson City, on the Missouri R.j is the state capital; St. Louis, on the Mississippi R., the largest city and the commercial metropolis. The other incorporated cities, according to the census, are St. tfoseph, Cape Girardeau, Inde- pendence, Kansas City, Westport, Macon, Han- nibal, Louisiana, Chillicothe and St. Charles ; the largest fViUages are Springfield, Sedalia, Lexington, Booneville, Warrensburgh, Mexico, Pleasant Hill, Canton and Columbia. Missouri, tn. in Clarke co.. Ark. Pop., 502. Slissouri, tn. in Hempstead co., Ark. Pop., 1,2G7. Missouri, tn. in Ouachita co., Ark. Pop., 720. Missouri, tn. in Pike co., Ark. Pop., 770. Missouri, tn. in Brown co., III. Pop., 1,145. Missouri City, p. v. in Clay co.. Mo., on the Western Division of the North Missouri R. R., 6S) nils. W. of Brunswick. Pop., 572. Missouri, tn. in Boone co.. Mo. Pop., 2,812. Missouri, tn. in Chariton co.. Mo. Pop.. 820. Missouri River, the largest tributary of the Mississippi R.; is formed by three branches, the .Jetterson, the Madison and the Gallatin Rs., which unite near Gallatin City, Mont. Ter. The Jefferson R. is formed by the Wis- dom, or Bighole, R., the Beaverhead R. and the Stinking Water R., which rise in the main chain of the Rocky Mts. and unite in the northern part of JNIadison co., Mont. Ter. The Madison R. rises W. of the Yellow Stone Lake in Wyo. Ter., and flows through a fertile val- ley between two high mountain chains, and tlie Gallatin R. traverses a similar valley further to the E. From Gallatin City the Mis- souri R. flows N. between the Rocky Mts. on the W., and the Belt Mts. on the B., through a succession of mountain valleys and enorm- ous canyons. The canyon near the 47th degree of latitude was called by Lewis and Clark, who first explored this region, the " Gate of the Mountains." For 5% mis. perpendicular rocks rise from the watei-'s edge to the height of nearly 1,200 ft. The river, 350 yards in width, seems to have forced its channel down tliis solid mass. Its current here is very strong. About 35 mis. above Fort Benton the river pours over the "Great Falls," consisting of five principal cascades, varying in height from 6 to 70 ft. Up to the last and highest of these cascades the Missouri R. is navigable, a distance of 2,670 mis. above its mouth, and 3,95(i mis. above the mouth of the Mississippi B., forming with the latter stream the long- est natural water-route in the world. About 25 mis. below Fort Benton the Mis- souri R. enters upon its easterly course, which it pursues along the 4Sth parallel as far as the 103d meridian. From this point it flows S. S. E. to 39° IS', where it turns E., intersecting the state of Mo. to its confluence with the Mississippi R., 16 mis. above St. Louis. From the Great Falls to the mouth of the Maria's R. the banks of the Missouri are from 100 to 160 feet in height. Below the Maria's B. they fall back with a gradual slope to the gen- eral prairie, and the R. flows with sweeping curves among beautiful islands. On reaching the Bear's Paw Mts. they are crowned with abrupt bluffs and detached iiillars of partially cemented sand, capped with huge globes of sandstone. At the mouth of Judith R. the Missouri enters theMauvaiseTerres, or "Bad Lands," where not an island nor shrub is seen — nothing but huge bare pillars of mud, tow- ering up as high as they can, and crowding each other for room. Below this repulsive re- gion the banks become richer, and small bot- toms, covered with fields of rank grass or thick groves of Cottonwood, cherry and wil- low accompanj' the stream. Between the mouth of th_e Milk R. and the mouth of the Yellow Stone the Missouri is a wide, turgid stream, with an ever-changing channel, and choaked with sand-bars, its great volume of water, however, securing a navi- gable channel on one side or the other. Below the mouth of the Yellow Stone the R. has gen- erally a uniform width, varying from J^ to 14 a mle. when the banks are full, and is accom- panied by bottom-lands increasing in width and fertility as we proceed downward. The Missouri drains an area of 518,000 sq. mis., aiid in the mean discharges 120,000 cubic feet of water per second. The range between low and high water at Fort Benton is 6 feet; at St. Joseph, 20 feet, and at the mouth, 35 feet. Mlssouriton, p. o. in St. Charles co., Mo. *Missonri Valley, p. v. in Harrison co., Iowa, on the Sioux City & Pacific R. R., the Fremont Division of Sioux Citj^ & Pacific B. R. and Iowa Division of Chicago & North- western R. R., 5 mis. from the' Missouri R. and 20 mis. N. of Council Bluffs. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. Mitchel, tn. in Cross co.. Ark. Pop., 670. Mitcbell, CO. in Ga., S. W. part. Area about 475 sq. mis. Pop., 6,633; in 1860, 4,308. The surface is level and the soil productive. The Flint R. forms the western boundary and re- ceives Pond Cr. The south-westerii part of the CO. is drained by several small affluents of the Ocklockony R. Camilla is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 70 bush,; Indian-corn, 150,526 bush.; oats, 20,240 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,382 bush.; butter, 39,860 lbs.; cotton, 4,708 bales. Cash value of farms, $779,085. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $658,100. Value of manufactures, $^4,406. MITCHELL. 584 MOBLEY POND. •Mitchell, p. V. ia Lawrence co., Ind., on tlie Oliio & Mississippi U. R., at its intersection with Louisville, Xew Albany & Chicago H. K., 1-27 nils. W. of Cincinnati and GO mis. X. W. of New Albanj'. Engaged iu produce trade. I'op., 1,087. One newspaper. illitcliell, CO. in Iowa, X. part. Area, 425 sq. mis. Pop., 9,582 ; in 1800, 3,409. The surface is rolling and the soil excellent. The co. is dniineil by the Red Cedar R. and its tribu- taries. The Cedar Falls & Minnesota R. R. intersect the co. Osage Is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 564,894 bush.; rye, 100 bush,; Indian-corn, 150,847 bush.; oats, 35S,- 105 bush.; Irish pot's, 3(),141 bush.; wool, 8,906 lbs.; butter, 194,060 lbs.; hay, 15,415. Cash value of farms, $2,165,450. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stoclc, etc., !j;537,995. Value of manufactures, !?i;ii)7.7.)0. KlitclDell, tn. in Mitchell co.,Iowa. Pop., 1,228. *Mitchell, p. V. in above tn., on Cedar Falls & Minnesota R. II., 3>4 mis. IS. W. of Osage. Slitclicll, CO. in Kans., N. part. Area, 440 sq. mis. Pop., 485. The surface is undulating and consists chiefly of fertile prairies. Solomon R. intersects the co. from E. to W.,and Salt Cv., a tributary of the same, flows through th''S. W. corner. Beloit is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 666 bush. ; Indian- corn, 6,250 bush.; oats, 58 bush.; Irish pot's, 21.5. Cash value of farms, $98,-250. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $5,131. Slitcliell, CO. in N. C. Area about .530 sq. mis. Pop., 4,70.5. This co. is almost entirely sur- roundeil by mountains. The Blue Ridge forms the south-eastern boundary and the Iron Mts. the nortli-western. It is d rained 1 )y tributaries of the Nolechucky R. Bakcrsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 12,5.30 bush.; rye, 6,065 bush.: Indian-corn, 72,860 bush.; oats, 21 ,311 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,483 bush.; sweet pot's, 527 bush.; butter, 35,760 lbs.; hay, 456 tons. Cash value of farms, $2.58,205. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, includin;- additions to stock, etc., $177,089. Mitchell, Mount, a high pk. in the Black Mis., in Yancey CO., N. C. It is 6,582 feet above the sea level. Mitchell, p. o. in Antrim co., Mich. Mitchell, tn. in Sheboygan co., AVis. Pop., 1,124. Mitchellsbiirgh, p. v. in Boyle co., Ky., on the Knoxville Branch of the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 18 mis. from Lebanon. Pop., 122. Mitchells Crcelt, p. v. in Tioga co., Pa., on the Tioga R. R., :iU inls. N of Tioga. Mitchell's Jli^h Peak, or Black Dome, or Cliiig'inaii's JPeah, of the Black Mis., in Yancey co., N. C; is the highest peak of the Appalachian System, and 6,707 feet above the sea level. Mitchells Mills, p. v. in Indiana co., Pa., 13 mis. N. E. of Indiana. Mitchell's Salt Worfcs, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Ohio. Mitchell's Station, p. v. in Culpepper co., Va., oil the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R. Mitchellsville, p. o. in Saline co., 111. Mitchellsville, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. Mitchellsville, p. v. in Sumner co., Tenn., on the Louisville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 7 mis. from Franklin. Pop., 85. Mltcheltree, tn. in Martin co., Ind. Pop., 1.026. *Mitchelvil!e, p. v. in Polk co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacirtc R. R., 18 mis. from Grinnell. Pop., 829. Mitchcllville, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md.. 15 mis. from Hyattsville. Mitchellville, p. v. in Harrison co.. Mo., 50 mid, from Chillicothe. Mitchie, tn. in Monroe co.. 111. Pop., 799. Mitchie, p. o. in the above tn. Miteoniah, p. o. in Webster co.. Mo. Mittinea^iie, p. o. in the v. of West Spring, field, in lianiiiden co., Mass., on the Boston & Albany R. R. Mixersville, p. o. in Franklin co., Ind. Mixt<»\vii, p. o in Tioga CO., Pa. Mixville, p. o. in Ballard co., Ky. *Mobei'ly, p. v. in Randolph cb.. Mo., at the junction of the northern division with the main line of the St. Louis, Kansas City SB Northern R. R. and with the Hannibal & Mo- berlv R. R., 38 mis. from Mexico. It has the maciiineandcar shops of the railroad co. and other manufactories. Pop., 1,514. Mobile, CO. in AUi., S. W. part. Area about 1,200 sq. mis. Pop., 49,311 ; in 1860, 41,131. It Is bordered on the W. by tlie state of Miss., on tlie E. by the Mobile R. and Mobile B., and on tlie S. by the Mississippi Sound. The western part is drained by the Escatawpa R., the east- ern b.y the Cliickasaw R. Tlie surface is level and in some localities undulating ; the soil is mostly sandy and but moderately produc- tive. Large tracts are covered by pine for- ests. The Mobile & Ohio R. R. intersects tho northern part of the co., the Mobile & New Orleans R. R. the southern. Mobile is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 61,350 bush.; oats, 185 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,394 bush.; sweet pot's, 67,116 bush.; cotton, 317 bales ; butter, 1,148 lbs.; hay, 961 tons. Cash value of farms, $.548,730. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad ditions to stock, etc., $393,777. Value of inanu faetures, $2,760,390. *Mobile, city, port of entry and co. seat of the above co., on the W. bank of the Mobile R.,at its entrance into Mobile B.; is the terminus of the Mobile & Ohio R. R., the New Orleans, Mobile & Texas R. R. and of the Mobile & Montgomery R. R. It is 186 mis. by railroad and o3(» nils, by the river S. W. of Moiitgoniery, and 140 mis. &. of New Orleans. It was found- ed in 1699 V)y the French, was ceded to Eng- land in 1763, and surrendered by England to Spain in 1780, and by Spain to the United States in 1813. It was'incorporated as a city in 1819, with a poptilation of about 8,000. Inl8.50 the pop. was ftbout 20,515 : in l.'-'OU, 2'.),258,and in 1870, 32,034 ; of whom 18,115 were white and 13,- 919 colored. It is one of the principal cotton- marts in the Union, ships large quantities of this staple, notwithstanding the shallowness of the harbor and B., which prevents vessels drawing over eight feet from coming up to the wharves. In 1872 it imported foreign goods of $1,761,402 in value, and exjiorted do- mestic goods, principally cotton, of $13,938,605 in value. The city is pleasantly situated on a sandy plain, and has many line residences, especi- ally on Government street, the principal avenue. The most notable public Iniildings are the theater, the Municipal Buildings and the Market on Royal street. The United Slates Custom House, once the most costly edilice of the city, and the Court House, are now in ruins. Oi' the eight newspapers pub- lished in tlie city, but two issue daily editions, the " Mobile Register " and the " Mobile Tri- bune." Mobile Bay, on the S. W. coa?=t of Ala.; has a length of about 35 nils, and a width of from 3 to 15 nils. The main cliannel into tlie B. i.s between Dauphin Island and Mobile Point, the western extremity of a long and narrow peninsula whieh separates the eastern part of Jlobile B., called Bonsecour B., from the Gulf of Mexico. Mobile River, formed by the confluenc>i- of the Alabama and Tombigbee Rs. (Se<» iia- bama.) Mobley Poud, p. o. in Scriven CO., Ga. MOCCASIN. 585 MONCLOVA. Moccasin, tn. in Effingham co.,Ill. Pop., 1,0SS. Moccasin, p. o. in tlie above tn. Moccasin, tn. in Kussell CO., Va. Pop., 1,229. Moclseson, p. o. in Lawrence co., Teiui. Mock's Mill, p. o. in Washington co., Va. MocKsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Davie CO., N. C, 25 mis. from Salisbury. Pop., 300. Modale, p. o. in Harrison co., Iowa. Mode, p. o. in Shelby co., 111. Model City, p. o. in the v. of Tietsort's, in Cass CO., Mich., on the Michigan Central 11. K. Modena, p. v. in Stark co., lU., on Spoon B. and S]4 mis N. E. of Toulon. Modena, p. o. in Mercer co.. Mo. Modena, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., 4 mis. from Tuthill. Modena, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Modena, tn. in Bnffalo CO., Wis. Pop., 621. Modena, p o. in the above tn. Modesto, p. V. in Stanislaus co., Cal., on Visa- lia Division of the Central Pacific R. R., 20 mis. S. E. of Stockton. Has manufactories and trade in agricultural products. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. Modest Town, p. v. in Accomack co., Va., 12 nils, from Accomack. Moe, tn. in Douglas co., Minn. Pop., 235. Moe, p. o. in the above tn. Molfat, p. o. Bell co., Tex. MoflTat Station, p. o. in Marion co., Tenn. MofTat's Creek, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., 17 mis. from Staunton. Moflfettsvllle, p. o. in Anderson district, S. C. Mointt's t»rove, p. o. in Guthrie CO., Iowa. Moffitt's Mills, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. Mog'adore, p. v. in Summit co., Ohio, 6 mis. from Akron. Mogollon Mountains, a lofty range in E. Ariz. Ter.: trend S. E. and N. W. and form the water-shed between the Gila and the Little Colorado Rs. Mohave, co. in Ariz. Ter., W. part. Area about 6,500 sq". rals. Pop., 179. The western bound- ary is formed bv the Colorado R., the south- ern by Bill Williams Fork. The co. is trav- ersed by a number of lofty mountain chains trending N. and S., and separated from each other by wide valleys. In the E. are the Aqua- rius Mts., in the center the Cerbat Mts. and in the W. the Mohave Mts. The soil of tlie co. is barren and the climate arid. Farming can be carried on in such vallej's only as can be irrigated. Mohave City is the co. seat. The cash value of farms in 1870 was $4,100 ; the es- timated value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $38,275. Motaave City, p. v. and the co. seat of tlie above co., on the Colorado B. Pop., 159. Mohawk, tn. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Pop., 3,015. *Mohawk, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal, 1 mle. from Herkimer. Pop., 1,404. Mohawk, p. o. in Lane co., Oreg. Mohawk Hill, p. o. in Lewis co., N. Y. Mohawk River, a tributary of the Hudson B. in New York ; rises in the southern extrem- ity of Lewis CO., flows through Oneida, Her- kimer, Montgomery and Schenectady cos., and empties 3 mis. X. of Troy. It is about 165 mis. long and has a general E. course, passing through the depression S. of the Adirondack Mts., which rendered possible the construc- tion of the Erie Canal. Two mis. above its mouth, near Cohoes, it falls over a perpen- dicular precipice, 70 ft. high, which afifords immense water-power for numerous- exten- sive manufactories. Mohawk Valley, p. o. in Plumas co., Cal. Mohawk Village, p. v. in Coshocton co., Ohio, 17 mis. from Cosliocton. Mohes^an, p. v. in Providence co., E. I., G]4 mis. from Blackstone, Mass. Mohican, tn. in Ashland co., Ohio. Pop., 1,561. Mohican, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. S. E. of Ashland. Mohican River, a tributai-y of the Walhond- ing R. in Ohio ; is formed bv the confluenco of Lucas and Lake Forks. It drains several of cos. in the N. E. part of the state. Mohn's Store, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Mohontong'o, p. o. in Juniata co., Pa. Mohrsville, p. v. in Berks co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Reading B. B., tlie SchuvlkUl B. and the Kavigation Canal, l-2}4 nils. X. of Beading. ^Moing'ona, p. v. in Boone co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwestern B. B. Moira, tn. in Franklin co., N. Y. Pop., 2,064, Moira, p. v. in the above tn., ou the Ogdens- burgli & Lake Champlain R. B. Mojave, or Mohave, River, in San Bernar- dino CO., Cal.; rises in the San Bernardino Mts., flows N. and then E., through a desert region, and terminates in the Mojave Sink or Soda Lake. It is about 115 mis. long. ^Mokeluuine Hill, p. v. and the co. seat of «,Calaveras co., Cal., on (^alaveras B.. .W mis. E. N. E. of Stockton. Center of trade for mining and agricultural surroundings. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. Mokeliiinne River, a tributary of the Sacra- mento B. in Cal.; rises in the Sierra Nevada, flows \T., forms the boundarj' between Ama- dor and Calaveras cos., and between Sacra- mento and San Joaquin cos. Before empty- ing into the Sacramento B., near Walnut Grove, it sends off a smaller branch, called the Georgiana Slough, into the San Joaquin B. Its principal tributary is the Cosumnes B. Mokena, p. V. in Will co.," 111., on the Chicago, Bock Island & Pacific B. B., 30 mis. from Chi- cago ; is a thriving agricultural town. Pop. about 800. Mokeville, p. o. in St. Louis co.. Mo. Molalla, p. o. in Clackamas co., Oreg. Mole Hill, p. o. in Bitchie co., W. Va. Moline, tn. in Rock Island co.. 111. Pop., 5,754. *Moline, p. V. in the above tn., on the Missis- sippi B., at head of Bock Island ; also on the Western Union B. B., the Chicago, Bock Island & Pacific R. B. and the Bockford, Bock Island & St. Louis B. It., 3 mis. E. of Bock Is- land and nearly oj^posite Davenport, Iowa. Nature and art' have combined to give it a splendid water-power, which is utilized in the manufacture of agricultural machinery, wooden ware, etc. Pop., 4,166. One news- paper. Moline, p. v. in Allegan co., Mich., on the Grand Bapids & Indiana B. B., 17 mis. from Grand Bapids. Molino, p. V. in Escambia co., Fla., on the Pensacola & Louisville B. R., 24 mis. N. of Pensacola. Molino, p o. in Union co.. Miss. Molino, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. Molino, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn, Molltown, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Moltke, p. o. in Wabaunsee co., Kans. Molnncas, p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me. Monibaccus, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. Moinence, tn. in Kankakee co. 111. Pop., 1,291, *Momence, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Chi- cago, Danville & Vincennes B. B., 54 mis. S. of Chicago and 12 mis. E. of Kankakee, the co. seat. Valuable iron ore, coal and stone de- posits in neighborhood. Seat of important manufactures and considerable trade. Pop. about 1,300. One newspaper. Mona, tn. in Ford co.. 111. Pop., 356. Mona, p. o. in Mitchell co., Iowa. Mona, p. o. in Juab co., Utah Ter. Monagan, tn. in St. Clair co., Mo. Pop., L434. Monag'an, v. in the above tn., 10 mis. irom Montrose. Monag'han, tn. in Y'ork co.. Pa. Pop., 1,028. Mona«ikon, p. o. in Lancaster co., Va. Monches, p. o. in Waukesha co.. Wis. Mouclova, tn. in Lucas co., Ohio. Pop., 833. MONCLOVA. 586 MONOCACY STATION. Slonclovn, p. v. in Lucas co., Ohio, i mis. "W. of JManincc Citj-. Monclova, p. o. in Morgan co., W. Va. Monday Creek., tn. in I'erry co. , Oliio. Pop., i.ii;r). 9Ioii3. Monroe, co. in Ind., S. central part. Area, 4-20 sq. nils. Pop., 14.193 ; in I860, 12,847. The surface is mostly hilly and rolling. The soil is productive and large ai'eas are heavily tim- bered. The W. branch of the White R. "forms the N. VV. boundary. Tiiy.in Blossom Cr. and Salt Cr. intersect th(i co. The Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R. passes through the CO. Bloomington is the co. seat. Agr. i^ro- ductions in 1S70: Wheat, 130,043 bush.; rye, 4,'2'27 bush.; Indian-corn, 454,275 bush.; oats, 105,415 bnsh.; Irish pot's, 42,146 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,433 bush.; butter, 253,078 lbs.; hay, 7-,311 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,003,023. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $S92,5(J0. Value of manufactures, $723,498. Monroe, tn. in Adams co., Ind. Pop., 960. Monroe, p. o. in Adams co., Ind. Monroe, tn in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 1,479. Monroe, tn. in Cari'oll co., Ind. Pop., 910. Monroe, tn. in Clarke co., Ind. Pop., 1,863. Monroe, tn. in Delaware co., Ind. Pop., 1,247. Monroe, tn. in Grant co., Ind. Pop., 1,047. Monroe, tn. in Howard co., Ind. Pop., 891. MODiroe, t n. in .Jefferson co., Ind. Pop., 1,760. Monroe, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 990. Monroe, tii. in INIadison co., Ind. Pop., 2,221. Monroe, tn. in Blorgan co., Ind. Pop., 1,467. Monroe, tn. in Pike co., Ind. Pop., 1,820. Monroe, tn. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pop., 1,418. Monroe, tn. in Putnam co., Ind. Pop., 1,608. Monroe, tn. in Randolph co., Ind. Pop., 1,662. Monroe, tn. in Washington co., Ind. Pop., l,05.s'. Monroe, co in Iowa, S. central part. Area, 435 sq. mis. Pop., 12,724; in 1860, 8,612. The siirface is rolling ; the soil very fertile. It is drained by Cedar Cr. and the Des Moines R., ■which tlo'ws through the N. E. corner. The Burlington & Missouri River R. R. intersects the central part from E. to W. Albia is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 159,815 bush.; rye, 11.187 bush.; Indian-corn, 754,692 bush; oats, 185,173 bush.; Irish pot's, 64,- 073 bush.; sweet pot's, 471 bush.; wool, 72,0.52 lbs.; butter, 282,452 lbs.; hay, 21,206 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,682,189. Total, estimated, value of all farm i^roductions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,531,809. Value of manu- factures, $294,449. Monroe, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 759. Monroe, tn. in Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 1,329. Monroe, tn. in Fremont co., Iowa, Pop., 901. *Monroe, p. v. in Jasper CO., Iowa, on the Des Moines Valley R. R., 35 mis. E. of Des Moines. One newspaper. Monroe, tn. in -Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,034, MoBiroe, tn. in l^inu co., Iowa. Pop., 868. Monroe, tn. in Madison co., Iowa. Pop., 495. Monroe, tn. in Mahaska co., Iowa. Pop., 1,2.58. Monroe, tn. in Monroe CO., Iowa. Pop,, 773. Monroe, tn. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Pop., 2G8. Monroe, tn. in Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 587. Monroe, tn. in Anderson co., Kans. Pop., 2,041. Monroe, p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. Monroe, co. in Ky., S. part. Area, 610 sq. mis. Pop., 9,231 ; in 1.8(J0, 8,551. It is bounded on the S. by Tenn., and is drained by the Cumber- land R. and the head streams of the Big Bar- ren R. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. Tompkinsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 37,367 bush.; rye, 798 bush.; Indian-corn, 747,660 bush.; oats, 112,275 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,649 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,899 bush.; tobacco, 674,696 lbs.; butter, 121,854 Ills.; hay, 850 tons. Cash value of farms, $720,680. Total, estimated, valuiTof all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $790,429. Value of manufactures, $111,730. *Monroc, p. v. and the eo. seat of Ouachita garish, La., on the North Louisiana & Texas . R., 74 mis. W. of Vicksburgh, Miss., and on the Ouachita and El Dorado Rs.; a shipping point for cotton and other products of the neigliborhood. Pop., 1,949. Two newspapers. Monroe, tn. in Waldo co., Me. Pop., 1,375. Monroe, p. v. in the above tn., 19 mis. from I'.clfast. Monroe, tn. in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 201. Monroe, p. o. in tin; above tn. Monroe, CO. in Mich., .S. E. part. Area, 475 sq. ml.,. Pop., 27,483 ; in 1860, 21,.593. The surface is level ; the soil good. It is bounded on the E. by Lake Erie, on the S. by Ohio, and is in- tersected by Raisin R. and Stony Cr. The Lake Shore & Michigan Southern 11. R. passes through the S. W. corner. Monroe is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 249,086 bush.; rye, 4,018 bush.; Indian-corn, 399,583 bush.; oats, 260,913 bush.; Irish pot's, 268,373 bush.; wool, 154,421 lbs.; butter, 894,2(;5 lbs.; hay, 44,896 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,656,840, Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,- 317,318. Value of manufactures. $1,137,874, Monroe, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,003. *Monroe, city in the above tn., the co. seat and a port of entry, situated on Raisin R., near its entrance into Plaisance B. and Lake Erie, and on Holly, Wayne & Monroe R. R., Detroit & Toledo R. R., and Detroit & Chicago Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan South- ern R. R., 40 mis. S. S. W. of Detroit. Exien- sivelj' engaged in manufacturing, and has a large trade in grain and other agricultural products. Pop., 5,086; in 1860, 3,871. Two news- papers. Monroe, co. in Miss., E. N. E. part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 22,631 ; in 1860, 21,283. It borders on Ala., and is intersected by the Tombigbee R. Sipsie Cr., an affluent of the Toinbigbee, forms the south-L-astern bouu- dary. The Mobile & Ohio R. U. passes through the CO. Aberdeen is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 12,249 bush.; rye, 257 bush.; Indian-corn, 415,153 bush.; oats, 2,869 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,742 bush.; sweet pot's, 5.5,- 651 bush.; cotton, 8,562 bales; butter, 47,380 lbs.; haj', 104 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,- 431,399. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,498,490. Value of manufactures, $149,- 220. Monroe, p. o. in Perry co.. Miss. Monroe, co. in Mo., N. E. part. Pop., 17,149 ; in 1860, 14,785. The surface is rolling and well timbered. Limestone, freestone, coal and clay are abundant. The co. is drained by Salt R. and its tributaries, and intersected by the Hannibal & Central Missouri R. R. Paris is tlie CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 104,066 bush.; rye, 13,628 bush.; Indian- corn, 589,127 bush.; oats, 304,275 bush.; Irish pot's, 26,921 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,106 bush.; tobacco, 187,091 lbs.; butter, 245,975 lbs.; hay, 12,635 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,412,406. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,455,- 046. Value of manufactures, $349,731. Monroe, tn. m the above eo. Pop., 880. Monroe, tn. in Daviess co.. Mo. Pop., 729. Monroe, tn. in Lincoln eo., Mo. Pop., 2,610. Monroe, tn. in Livingston co., Mo. Pop., IIG. Monroe, new co. in Nel)r., W. part. Area, 1,008 sq. mis. Pop., 235. The co, has an undu- lating or level prairie surface, and is inter- secteil by the North and South Forks of the Platte R. Monroe, p. o. in Platte co., Nebr. Monroe, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., .532. Monroe, p. v. in the above tn., on the Conuec- tieul. K. opposite JMcIndoe's Fall, N't. Monroe, tn. in Camden co., N. .J. Pop., 1,6()3. Monroe, tn. in MiiUllesex co., X. J. Po^)., o,2o3. Monroe, p. o. in Sussex co., N. J. MONPvOE. ■^89 MONROE FUENACE. It onYoe, CO. in N. Y., N. "W. part. Area about 750 sq. mis. Pop., 117,868 ; In 1860, lOO.wa It borders in the N. on Lake Ontario and is drained by the Genesee R., Sandy Cr. and other small streams emptying into the lake. The surface is level or sliirlitly undulating and the soil of great fertility. The New York Central R. R. intersects tlie co. from E. to W. Rochester is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870; Wheat, 1,051,5-20 bush.; rs'C, 37,^70 bush.; Indian-corn, 802,2(51 bush.; oats, 1,217,955 bush.; Irish pot's, ',)90,9'JS bush.; wool, 385,443 lbs.; but- ter, 1,031,050 lbs.; hay, 74,4.53 tons. Cash value of farms, .$43,077,031. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $7,522,571. Principal products of industry : Agricultural implements, $1,2(51,- 337; boots" and shoes, $3,382,099 ; men's cloth- ing, $1.41(5,438; flour and meal, $4,6(50,415; furni ture, $613,441) ; lumber, $755,(532, and engines and boilers, $415,376. Total value of manufactures, $23,745,407. Monroe, tn. in Orange co., N. Y. Pop., 4,666. Monroe, p. v. in the above tn., on the Erie R. R., 10 mis. E. of Goshen. Moairoe, p. v. and the co. seat of Union co., N. C. on the East Division of the Wilmincrton, Chailotte & Rutherford R. R., 26 mis. W. of Wadosborough. Pop., 448. Monroe, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, 5 mis. from Middletown. Pop., 324. Monroe, co. in Ohio, S. E. part. Area, 425 sq. mis. Pop., 2.5,779; in 1860, 25,741. It is bounded on the E. by W. Va., from which it is separated by the Ohio R. The surface is hilly and the soil well adapted to farming. The co. con- tains much coal and some iron. It is drained by the Little Muskingum R. and Spanish Cr., affluents of the Ohio. Woodsfield is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 161,- 042 bush.; rye, 15,954 bush.; Indian-corn, 629,846 bush.; oats, 306,425 bush.; Irish pot's, 98,678 bush.; sweet pot's, 1.272 bush.; butter, 524,887 llis.; hay, 18,091 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,998,721. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,8.S(5.730. Value of manufactures, $566,588. Monroe, tn. in Adams co., Oliio. Pop., 1,304. Monroe, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop. 1,739. Monroe, tn. in Ashtabula co., (Jhio. Pop., 1,419. Monroe, tn. in Carroll co., Ohio. Pop., 931. Monroe, tn. in Clermont co., Ohio. Pop., 2,088. Monroe, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 632. Monroe, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 1,226. Monroe, tn. in Guernsey co., (Jhio. Pop., 1,018. Monroe, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 1,012. Monroe, tn. in Henry co., Ohio. Pop., 6.58. Monroe, tn. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., 921. Monroe, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 1,087. Monroe, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,119. Monroe, tn. in Logan co., Ohio. Poi)., 1,372. Monroe, tn. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 463. Monroe, tn. in Miami co., Ohio. Pop., 2,704. Monroe, tn. in Muskingum CO., Ohio. Pop., 876. Monroe, tn. in Perry CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,120. Monroe, tn. in Pickaway co., Ohio. Pop., 1,870. Monroe, tn. in Preble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,(531. Monroe, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Pop., 451. Monroe, tn. in Richland CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,572. Monroe, co. in Pa., E. part. Area about 580 sq. mis. Pop., 18,362 ; in 18(50, 16,758. The Dela- ware R. forms part of the eastern boundary and separates it from N. J., and the Lehigh R. forms the north-western. Several ranges of hills traverse the co. Tlie soil of the valley is very productive. The Delaware, Lacka- wanna & AV'estern R. R. intersects the co. Stroudsburgli is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 37,062 bush.; rye, 72,424 bush.; oats, 113,470 bush.; Indian-corn, 175,040 Uush.; Irish pot's, 103,816 bush.; butter, 298,168 bs.; hay, 17,973 tons. Cash value of farms, 14,459,114. Total, estimated, value of all farm in'oductions, including additions to stock, etc., $964,073. Value of manufactures, $2,232,539. Monroe, tn, in Bedford co., Pa. Pop., 1,719. Monroe, tii. in Bradford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,221. Monroe, tn. in Clarion co.. Pa. Pop.. 1,334. Monroe, tn. in Cumberland co., Pa. Pop.,l,83i Monroe, tn. in Juniata co.. Pa. Pop., 1,078. Monroe, tn. in Snyder co., Pa. Pop., 1,126. Monroe, tn. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Pop., 974. Monroe, co. in Tenn., S. E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 12,589 ; in 1860, 12,(507. The surface is mountainous in the S. E. pai"t, and the soil is fertile. The Great Smoky Mts. separate it from N. C. on the S. and S. E. The Little Tennessee R., an affluent of the Tennessee R., forms the N. E. boundary. The East Ten- nessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R. intersects the extreme N. part of the co. Madisonville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 113,753 bush.; rye, 1,178 bush.; Indian-corn, 415,- 010 bush.; oats, 56,367 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,284 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,208 bush.: butter, 1,050 lbs.; hay, 2,177 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,253,045. Total, estimated, value of all arm ])roductions, including additions to stock,etc., $829,515. Value of manufactures, $127;5S1. Monroe, p. o. in Overton co., Tenn. Monroe, p. o. in Rusk co., Tex. Monroe, p. o. in Sevier co., Utah Tei. Monroe, tn. in Greene co., Va. Pop., 1,331. Monroe, co. in W. \^a., S. E. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 11,124; in 18(50, 10,757. It is bounded on the S. W. bv New R. and on the S. E. by Peters Mt. and Middle Mt. Other ranges "of the Alleghany System intersect the eastern part of the co., 'while the western part has a rolling or undulating surface. Jackson R. flows through a narrow valley at the base of the Middle Mt., and Greenbrier R. intersects the N. W. corner of the co. The Chesapeake & Ohio R. R. passes through it. Union is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 52,817 bush.; rye, 11,320 l)ush.; Indian-corn, 170,721 bu.sh.; oats, 59.01)3 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,1(54 bush.; sweet pot's, 443 bush.; butter, 163 .540 lbs.; hay, 5,388 tons. Cash value of farms, •$;5,423,5S4. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $598,143. Value of manufactures, $87,020. Monroe, co. in Wis., W. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 16,550 ; in 1860, 8,410. The surface is undulating or broken and the soil fertile. Lemonwier Cr. and Barraboo R. rise in the CO. and drain the eastern part, while the west- ern part is drained by the La Crosse R. The Milwaukee & St. Paul" R. R. intersects the co. Sparta is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 478,447 bush.; rve, 14,717 bush.; Indian-corn, 183,119 bush.; oats, 291,469 bush.; Irish pot's, 91,836 bush.; butter, 391,476 lbs.; hay, 20,312 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,631,- 240". Totalj estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc, •■iil, 346,55.5. Value of manufactures, $895,891, Monroe, tn. in Adams co.. Wis. Pop., 418. Monroe, tn. in Green co.. Wis. Pop., 4,.536. *Monroe, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Monroe Branch of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 34 mis. W. of Janesville. A growing place ; center of an active trade in grain and dairy products. Pop., 3,408. Three newspapers. Monroe Centre, p. o. in Ogle co., 111. Monroe Centre, p. o. in Waldo co.. Me. Monroe Centre, p. v. in Grand Traverse CO., Mich., 12 mis. S. of Traverse City. Monroe Centre, p. v. in Ashtabula co., Ohio, 8 ml.-i. S. ot Conneaut. Monroe City, p. o. in jMonroe co.. 111. *Monroe City, p. v. in xMonroe co., Mo., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 30 mis. W. cx Ilanniljal. One newspaper. Monroe Draft, p. o. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Monroe Fnrnace, p. v. in Jackson co.. Ohio, on the Portsmouth Branch of the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 18 mis. S. of Jackson. MONROE MILLS. 590 MONTANA. Sfonroe Mills, p. o. in Monroe co., Ind. >I<»iiroeton, p. o. in Rockingluim co., N. C. Monroetoii, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., on the Barclay II. II. and Coal Co's. line, 4 mis. S. W. of Towanda. Pop., i'J2. i Monroeville, p. v. and the co. seat of Monroe CO., Ala., on the Alabama R., 90 mis. S. of Sel- ma. Center of cotton trade for productive Rurrounilinss. Pop., 1,.597. One newspaper. *Moiiroeville, p. v. in Allen co., Ind., on the Western Division of the Pittsl)ur!jh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R , 14 nils. S. E. of Fort Wayne, r'op., G30. One newspaper. Slon'rocville, p. o. in Salem co., N. J. *3foiiroevilIc, p. v. in Hnron co., Ohio, on the Hnron 11., at the intersection of Lalce Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. and Lake Erie Division of the Baltimore & Oliio R. R., 60 mis. W. of Cleveland. Has an extensive grain trade anfl several manufactories. Pop., 1,344. One newspaper. MonrocTill©, p. o. in AUeghanj^ co.. Pa. Monroe Works, p. o. in the v. of Southflelds, in Orange CO., N. i., on the Erie R. R. ♦Monrovia, p. v. in Morgan co., Ind., 5 mis. S. W. of Mooresville. Pop., 348. Monrovia, p. v. in Atchison CO., Kans., on the Central Branch of the Union Pacific R. R., 15 mis. from Atchison. Pop. about (iOO. Monrovia, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 50 mis. W. of Balti- more. Monsey, p. v. in Rockland co., N. Q., on the Piermont Branch of the Erie R. R., 12 mis. N. W. of Piermont Monson, tn. in Piscataqnis CO., Me. Pop.,G04. Monson, p. v. in the above tn., 10i>^ mis. from Dover. Monson, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 3,204. *Monson, p. v. in the above tn., on the New T.onilon Northern R. R., 4 mis. 8. of Palmer. Montag'ue, tn. in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 2.224. Montag'ne. p. v. in the abore tn., on the Ver- iiiout & Massachusetts R. R., 52 mis. from Boston. <^Montagne, p. v. in Muskegon co., Mich., on White; Lake and on Chicago, Jlichigan & Lake Shore R. II., 17 mis. N. W. of Muskegon. A place of considerable commerce, the lake being navigable for steamers. Pop. about 500. One newspaper. Montasrne, tn. in Sussex CO., N. J. Pop., 932. M4»nta^He, p. v. in the above tn., on the Dela- ware K. and 9 mis. S. W. of Port Jervis, N. Y. Montag;ne, tn. in Lewis co., N. Y. Pop., 718. Montague, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. from r.owville. Montagrne, co. in Tex., N. part. Area, 526 sq. nils. Pop., 890; in ISUO, 849. The surface is mostly prairie land. The Red R. forms the northern boundary, separating it from Ind. Ter. The S. nart i's dramed by Grass Spring (r. and Denton Fo)'k of Trinity R. Montague is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2473 bush.; rye, 325 bush.; Indian- eorn, 41,715 bu.sh.; oats, 4,932 bush.; Irish pot's, 310 bush.; .sweet pot's, 1,777 bush.; butter, 21,- 200 lbs.; hay, 51 tons. Cash value of farms, iji';3.9()0. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions,, including additions to stock, etc., !ii()3..')47. Value of manufactures, .$1,250. Montague, p v. and the co. seat of Montague CO., Te.v., 85 mis. W. of Sherman. Monta^f lie, v. o. in Essex co., Va. M<>n(a;(-ne City, p. v. in Franklin co., Mass., on a branch of the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 2'4 nils, from Ureenlield. Mont Alban, p o. in Warren co.. Miss. Mont Alto, p. V. in Franklin eo., Pa., 10 mis. from Cbuniliersburgh. MONTAXA, one of the western territories, isljoundeiloii tlie N. by British .•Vmeriea,on the W. by Idaho Tor., on the S. by Idaho and Wyo. Ters., and on the E. by Dak. Ter. It lies "be- tween 104° and 116° W. long, and 44° 2G' and 49* N. lat., embracing an area of 143,770 sq. mis. or 92,016,t;40 acres. Surface. — The western part of the territory l3 occupied by the Rocky Mts., and many of their spurs and outliers : the eastern part belongs to the region of the " Great Plains," that vast and gently rolling table-land Mhlch extends along the eastern base of the Rocky Mts. throughout their entire length, and gradually sinks away toward the central valleys of the Mississippi and the Red River of tlie"North. A line drawn from the intersection of the southern state line ot Mont, with the 109th meridian, to the inter- section of the northern with the 1131 h meridian, roughly marks the boundary between these two sections. The principal range of the Rockrj- Mts. trends along the south-western boundary of the terri- tory from the west line of AVyo. Ter. to the in- tersection of the parallel 45° 40' N. lat. with the 114th meridian, where it bends suddenly east- ward, and then from near the I12th meridian runs N. N. W. to thenorthern line of Mont. The Bitter Root Mts. liranch off from the greftt east- erly bend of the Rocky Mts., and together with the Coeur d'AUene Mts., further to the N.. form the western boundary of the territory to the 48tli parallel. Other ranges, as for instance the Snow Mts., a continuation of the Big Horn Mts. of SVyo. Ter., enter the southern part of Mont. This great mountain belt has an average width of from 175 to 200 mis., and includes the source streams of the Missouri R. and of Clark's Fork of the Columbia R. Although the ranges of Mont, are considerably lower than those of Wyo. and Colo. Ters., further S., they abound in grand and picturesque scenery. The highest pks. probably do not exceed 10,000 or 12,000 feet above the sea level; the passes often sink below 5,000 feet, and the valleys, deeply countersunt in the mountain flanks,' average about 4, (JU sq. mis. Pop., 7,557; in 1860, 7,859. The surface is hilly, the soil of the valleys very fertile, and the uplands are well adapt- ed to grazing. It is drained by tributaries of the Iventucky R. Mount Sterling is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : WlKsat, 31,651 bush.; rye, 16,259 bush.; Indian-corn, 542,710 bush.; oats, 43.945 bush.: Irish pot's, 16,285 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,558 bush.; butter, 87,244 lbs.; hay, 2,087 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,038,849. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $447,118. Value of manufactures, $191,393. Montgomery, p. o. in Trigg co., Ky. Moiits'oiiiery, p. v. in Grant parish, La., on the lied liiyer. Pop., 1(10. JIonts:oniery, tn. in Ilampden co., Mass. • Pop., 318. Montg'oinery, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Russell. Moiitg:oiiici*y, co. in Md.,'W". part. Area about 650 sq. mis. Pop., 20,563; in 1860, 18,322. It borders on the Potomac R. and is drained l>y small affluents of this stream. The sur- face is uneven and in some parts hilly. The soil of the river bottoms is highly produc- tive, of the uplands but moderately fertile. Rockville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 309,418 bush.; rye, 25,234 bush. ; Indian-corn, 6.38,047 bush.; oats, 171,242 bush.; Irish pot's, 179,.562 bush.; sweet pot's, 259bush.; butter, 188,334 lbs.; hay, 12,735 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,480,453. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,845,788. Value of manufac- tures, $431,738. Montgomery, p. o. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Montf^omery, tn. in La Sueur co., Mkin. Pop., 609. Monts"oniery, p. o. in the above tn. Montgomery, new eo. in Miss., central part. It was set otr from Carroll and Choctaw cos. since the census was taken. The Big Black R. flows through it, and, with several small affluents, drains it. The surface is gently un- dulating and the soil productive. The Mis- sissippi Central R. R. intersects the co. from N. to S. Winona is the co. seat. Montgomery, co. in Mo., E. part. Pop., 10,- 405 ; in 1860, 9,718. It borders in the S. on the Missouri R. The northern part consists of level puairies ; the southern of broken tim- ber land. The soil is productive. Coal and excellent building stone are abundant. The St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R. in- tersects tlie CO. Danville is the co. seat. Agr. productions ill 1870: Wheat, 74,150 bush.; rye, 2,700 bush.; Indian-corn, 543,112 bush.; oats, 297,035 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,227 bush.; sweet pot's, 331 bush.; tobacco, 203,170 lbs.; butter, 10,973 lbs.; hay, 6,710 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,865,995. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stoclc, etc., $676,207. Value of manufactures, $78,0.52. Montg'omery, tn. in Hickory co., Mo. Pop., 1 ,.575. Montgomery, tn. in Somerset co., N. J. Pop., 2,066. .Moutg-omcry, CO. in N. Y.j E. central part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 34,457 ; iu 1860, 30,866. It is intersected from W. to E. by the Mohawk R., the Erie Canal and the New York Central R. R., and also drained by Schoharie Cr. and other small affluents of the Mohawk. This river flows through a wide and exceed- ingly fertile valley, from which the surface rises toward the S. into broken hills. Fonda is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1879: Wheat, 61,6,59 bush.; rye, 11,714 bush.; Indian- corn, 175,6.54 bush.; oats, 662,516 bush.; Irish pot's, 194,041 bush.; wool, 58,847 lbs.; cheese, 1,514,482 lbs.; butter, 1,174,822 lbs.; hay, 104,839 tons. Cash value of farms, $19,45.5.515. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $3,966,268. Principal products of industry : Brooms, $.520,200; carp(?ts, $510,000; flour and meal, $550,- 221 ; hosiery, $1,149,800, and linseed oil, $640,- 000. Total value of manufactures, $6,606,534. Montg^omery, tn. in Orange co., N. Y. Pop., 4,536. Montg'omery, p. v. in the above tn., on the Montgomery & Walkill Valley Branch of Erie R. R. and on the Walkill ft., 10 mis. N.. W. of Goshen and 69 N. W. of New York city ; surrounded by a rich dairying district, and has several manufactories. Pop., 960. One newspaper. Montg'omery, co. In N. C, S. central part. Area about 455 sq. mis. Pop., 7,487 ; in 1860, 7,649. The CO. is bounded on the VV. by the Yadkin R., which receives several tributaries drain- ing it. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. Troy is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 50,478 bush.; rye, 148 bu.sh.; Indian-corn, 118,589 bush.; oats, 39,- 177 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,863 bush.; sweet pot's, 22,155 bush.; cotton, 632 bales; tobacco, 13,992 lbs.; butter, 76,034 lbs.; hay, 73 tons. Cash value of farms, $411,125. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $399,202. Value of man- ufactures, $117,626. Montgomery, p. o. in Montgomery co., N. C. Montgomery, co. in Ohio. S. V/. part. Area, 4.50 sq. mis. Pop., 64,006; in 1860, 52,230. It is generally level ; the soil is good. The co. is drained by the Miami and Mad Rs ; has good railroad facilities, being intersected by the several lines which center at Dayton", the CO. seat. Agr. productions in lS7o': 'W neat, 824,003 bush.; rye, 9,407 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,088,781 bush.; oats, 409,804 bush.; Irish pot's, 142,425 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,697 bush.; butter, 650,826 lbs.; hay, 19,301 tons. Ca.sh value of farms, $21,660,408. Total, estimated, value of all farm productious, including additions to stock, etc., $3,628,371. "Value of manufactures, $11,474,866. Montgomery, tn. in Ashland co., Ohio. Pop., 4,029. Montgomery, tn. in Franklin co., Ohio. Pop., 2,478. Montgomery, tn. in Marion co., Ohio. Pop., 1,451. Montgomery, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 1,636. Montgomery, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio, on tlie Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 22 mis. E. of Cincinnati. Pop. about 4.50. Montgomery, co. in Pa., S. E. part. Area about 460 sq. mis. Pop., 81,612 ; in 1860, 70,500. It is bounded on the S. \V. bj' the Schuylkill R. and intersected by Perkiomen"Cr., Mana- tawney Cr. and Wissaliickon Cr. Tlie surface is undulating ; the soil in a higli state of cul- tivation ami very productive. The Penn- sylvania Central R. R., the Pliiladclphia & Reading R. R. and the Northern Pennsylva- nia R. R., with the Doylestown line, intersect the CO. Norristown is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 340,911 bush.; rye, 1,50,158 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,026,863 bush.; oats, 791,272 bush.; Iri.sh pot's, 456,345 bush.; sweet pot's, 477 bush.; butter, 3,104,748 11)3.; liay, 112,- MONTGOMERY. 595 MONTICELLO. 287 tons. Cash vaUie of farms, $40,902,030. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $7,959,- 263. Principal products of industry : Flour, $1,200,455; forged and rolled iron, $3,188,043; pig iron, $1,379,828, and woollen goods, $2,97(i,- 8oi. Total value of manufactures, $16,933,703. Montg-omery, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop., 922. • Montgomery, tn. in Franklin CO., Pa. Pop., 3,(51 1. Montgomery, tn. in Indiana co., Pa. Pop., 932. Montgomery, co. in Tenn., N. N. VV. part. Area, 555 sq. mis. Pop., 24,747; in 1860, 20,895. The surface is undulating ; the soil fertile. It is bounded on the N. by Ky. The Cumberland R. forms a small part of the S. boundary and intersects the central and S. W. parts. The CO. is also drained by the Red R. The Mem- phis & Louisville R. R. intersects it. Clarks- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 174.524 bush.; rye, 6,S3S bush.; Indian- corn, 810,194 bush.; oats, 62,37.8 bush.; Irish pot's, 25,483 bush.; sweet pot's, 33,490 bush.; tobacco, 4,856,378 lbs.; butter, 217,981 lbs.; hay, 1,.356 tons. Cash value of farms, .is4,472,162. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 706,506. V^alue of manufactures, $1,040,637. Montgomery, co. in Tex., S. B. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 6,~'i3; in 18(J0, 5,479. The surface is level and consists mostly of highly productive prairies, while the bottom-lands of the streams are well timbered. The co. is drained. bj' the source streams and tril)utaries of the San Jacinto R., whose West Fork in- tersects it from N. to S. The International & Great Northern R. R. passes through the co. Montgomery is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions m 1870 : Indian-corn, 163,290 bush.; oats, 32 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,551 bush.; sweet pot's, 41,945 bush.; cotton, 3,485 bales. Cash value of farms, $702,328. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad^mls. N. E. of Effingham. Montrose, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 3,387. ♦Montrose, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mis- sissippi R. and the Keokuk Division of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., S2 mis. from Burlington. Pop., 905. Montrose, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Montrose, tn. in Genesee co.,Mich. Pop., 805. Montrose, p. o. in the above tn. Montrose, p. o. in Wright co., Minn. Montrose, p. o. in Jasper co.. Miss. Montrose, p. v. in Henry co.. Mo., on the Se^ dalia Division of the Missouri, Kansas & Tex- as R. R., .53 luls. from Sedalia. Montrose, p. o. in Westchester co., N. Y. Montrose, p. o. in Summit co., Ohio. *Montrose, p. borough aAd the co. seat of Susquehanna CO., Pa., 8 mis. W. of Montrose Station on the Delaware, Lackawanna & AVest- ern R. R., and 105 mis. N. of Philadelphia; in the midst of a tineagrieultural district, for which it is the trade center. Pop., 1,4(33. Two newspapers. Montrose, p. o. in Smith CO., Tenn. Montrose, tn. in Dane co., Wis. Pop., 1,155. Montrose Depot, p. v. in Susquehanna co., I'a., on the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 74 mis. N. of Scrauton and 8 mis. E. of Montrose, the co. seat. Montross, tu. in Westmoreland co., Va. Pop., 1,862. *Montross, p. v. and the co. seat of the above tn., on the peninsula between the Potomac and Rappahannock Rs. and 50 mis. S. E. of Frederieksburgh. Montserrat, p. o. Johnson co.. Mo. Monturesville, p. bor. in Lycoming co.. Pa., near the Susquehanna R. and Susquehanna Canal, 4 mis. E. of Williamsport. Pop., 1,048. Montvale, p. o. in Bergen co., N. J. Montvale Springs, p. v. in Blount co., Tenn., 13 mis. from Maryville. Montville, tn. in New London co.. Conn. Pop., 2,495. Montville, p. v. in the above tn. Montville, tn. in Waldo CO., Me. Pop., 1,467. Montville, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. N. E. of Montville Station. Montville, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., 15 mis. from Sheflield. Montville, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. Montville, tn. in Geauga co., Ohio. Pop., 705. Montville, p. V. in the above tn., 16 mis. S. E. of Painesville. Montville, tn. in Medina CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,097. Montville Station, v. in New London co., Conn., on the Connecticut R., 6 mis. N. of New London. The p. o. is Uncasville. Monument, p. o. in Pima CO., Ariz. Ter. Monument, p. o. in El Paso co., Colo. Ter. Monument, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., oa the Cape Coil K. R., 55 mis. from Boston and on the E. coast of Buzzard's B. Moodna, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y''., on the W, bank of the Hudson R., 4 nils. S. of Newburgh. MoocIhs, p. v. in Middlesex co.. Conn., on the Siilmon R., near its entrauc&into the Connec- ticut ami 12 mis. S. E. of Middletown. One newspaper. Moody, new co., in Dak. Ter., S. E. part ; bor- ders on Minn., and lies partly on the Plateau du Coteau des Prairies. It is intersected by the Big Sioux R. and drained by its attlueuts. Moody's Mill, p. o. in Paulding co., Ga. Moody ville, p. o. in Greene co., Ky. Mooers, tn. in Clintoa co., N. Y. Pop., i,6&L MOOERS. 597 MOEA. Slooers. p. v. in the above tn., at the junction of the Montreal & Plattsbureh R. R., and the 0^clensbui-£ch & Lake Champlain R. R., 11% irus. W. of Rouse's Point. Mooers Forlis, p. o. In the v. of Centerville, hi Clinton co., N. Y., on tlie Ot^rtensburgli & Lake Cliamplain R. R., :i)4 mis. W. of Mooers. Mooers' Prairie, p. o. in the v. of Coolsato, Wriglit CO., Minn., on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R. Moon, tu. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop. 1,230. Moon, p. o. in the above tn. Moon, tn. in Beaver co., Pa. Pop., 936. Mooney, tn. in. Phillips co.. Ark. Pop., 300. Mooney, p. v. in Jackson co., Ind., 10 mis. K. of Meilora. Mooney, tn. in Polk CO., Mo. Pop., 1,260. Moons, p. o. in Chautauqua eo., N. Y. Moons, p. o. in Payette co., Oliio. Moonshine, p. o. in Clark co., III. Moon's Ranch, p. o. in Tehama co., Cal. Moore, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 112. Moore, tn. in Shannon co., Mo. Pop., 2S6. Moore, tn. in Oregon co., Mo. Pop., 921. Moore, co. in >f. C, S. central part. Area about 9.>0sq. mis. Pop., 12,040; in ISfSO, 11,427. Deep R., a branch of Cape Fear R., intersects the northern part of the co. Lumber R. forms the southern boundary. Upper and Lower Little Rs., affluents of Cape Fear R., rise in the CO. and drain it. The surface is rolling and tlie soil productive. Carthao;ft is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: wheat, .5G,32« bush.; rye, 4,603 bush.; Indian-corn, 170,450 bush.; oats, 45,.W5 busli.; Irish pot's, Q,277bush.; sweet pot's, 52,906 bush.; cotton, 930 bales; tobacco, 21,7.il lbs.; butter, 68,072 lbs. Cash value of farms, $380,188. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $717,766. Value of manu- factures, $289,042. Moore, tn. in Northampton co.. Pa. Pop., 2,938. Moorefield, p. v. in Switzerland co., Ind., 8 mis. from Vevay. Moorefleld, p. v. in Nicholas co., Ky., 6 mis. from Carlisle. Moorefield, tn. in Clark co., Ohio. Pop., 1,268. Moorefleld, tu. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 1.117. Moorefleld, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Cadiz. Pop., 289. Moorefleld, tn. in Hardy co., W. Va. Pop., 2,iJ7(i. *Moorefleld, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on S. branch of the Potomac R., 20 mis. S. of Romney and 50 nils. S. of Cumber- land, Md.; in the midst of a stock raising and grazing section. One newspaper. Moore Park, p. o. in St. .Joseph CO., Mich. Mooreland, tn. in Muskegon co. Midi. Pop., 194. Moore's, p. o. in Tyler co., TV". Va. Mooresborongh,'p- o. in Cleveland CO., N. C. Moore's Bridj^e, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. Mooresburgh, p. v. in Montour co.. Pa., on the Catawissa R. R., e% mis. ^Y. of Danville. Mooresbnrg'h, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. Moore's Creek, p. o. in New Hanover co., N. C. Moore's Creek, p. o. in Monroe CO., Wis. Moore's Flat, p. v. in Nevada CO., Cal., 14 mis. from Emigrant Gap. *Moore's Hill, p. v. in Dearborn co., Ind., near the Ohio & Mississippi 11. R., IS mis. W. of Lawreuceburgli. Pop., 617. Moore's Mills, p. o, in Dutchess co., N. Y. Moore's Mills, p. o. in Upshur co., W. Va. Moore's Prairie, p. v. in Jefferson co., 111., 14 mis. S. E. of Mt. Vernon. Moore's Salt Works, p. v. in Jefferson CO., Ohio, 12 ails, from Hammondsville. Moore's Station, p. o. in Butte CO., Cal. Moore's Store, p. o. in Clay co., Tenn. Moore's Store, p. v. in Shenandoah co., Va., Pop. in 1860, 316. *Moorestown, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J., on the Camden & Burlington County R. R., 954 mis. W. of Camden. Moorestown, p. o. in Northampton CO., Pa. Mooresville, p. v. in Limestone co., Ala., 5 rals. from Decatur. Pop.. 196. ♦Mooresville, p. v. in Morgan co., Ind., on the Indianapolis & Viueennes R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Indianapolis. Has rich agricultural surroundings, whose trade it commands. Pop., 1,229. One newspaoer. Mooresville, tn. in Livingston co., Mo. Pop., 1,092. Mooresville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 10 mis. W. of Chillicothe. Pop. about 100. Mooresville, p. o. in Iredell co.j N. C. Mooresville, p. o. in Monongalia co., "W. Va. Moore's "Vineyard, p. o. in Bartholomew co., Ind. Mooreville, p. o. in Tama co., Iowa. Mooreville, p. o. in Lee co., Miss. Moorhead, p. o. in Monona co., Iowa. Moorhead, p. v. in ,Clay co., Minn., on Red R. and th(! Northern Paciilic R. R., 200 mis. N. W. , of St. Paul. A new R. R. town with one news- paper. Moorhead, p. v. in Alleghany co., Pa., llj'^ mis. S. W. of Pittsburgh. Moorheadville, p. v. in Erie co.. Pa., on the Franklin Division of the Lake Shore & Michi- gan Southern R.R.,4mls. S. W. of North East. Mooring'sport, p. o. in Caddo parish. La. Moorland, p. o. in AVayne co., Ohio. Moorman's River, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Moorton, p. v. in Kent CO., Del, on the Dela- ware R. R., 5% mis. N. of Dover. Moosehead Lake, in Piscataquis and Somer- set COS., Me.; is about 36 mis. long and 10 mis. wide ; has a very irregular outline and in- cludes several islands. A good summer hotel stands at the foot of the hike. The surround- ings are highly picturesque. Kennebec R. drains it. Moosehead, p. o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Moose Liakc, tn. in Carlton co., Minn. Pop., 51. Moose Lake, p. o. in Carlton co., Minn. Moose Meadow, p. o. in Tolland co.. Conn. Moose River, p. v. in Somerset co.. Me., near Moose R. and Attean Pond, 76 mis. N. of Skowhegan. Moose River, a tributary of Moosehead Lake in Me.; rises in the N. part of Franklin co. and flows E. through Somerset co. Moose River, a tributary of Black R. in N. Y.; rises in the W. part of the Adirondack Mts., Hamilton co., and flows westward through Herkimer and Lewis cos. Moose River, p. o. in Lewis co., N. Y. Moose River, a tributary of the Passumpsic R. in Vt.; rises in Essex co. and empties in Caledonia co. Mooshannee, p. o. in Jloore co., N. C. Moosic, p. o. in Luzerne oo.. Pa. Moosup, p. V. in Windham co.. Conn., on the Hartford^ Providence & Flshkill R. R., 3 mis. from Plamfleld. Moosup Valley, p. o. in Providence co.,R. I. Mora, CO. in N. Mex. Ten, N. E. part. Pop., V. 8,056 ; in 1860, o,.56(i. It extends from the Texas state line in the E. to the crest of the Rocky Mts. in the W.; consists of elevatedand barren table-lands, and is intersected by the Cana- dian R. and its tributaries, Canada Seca Cr., Alamo Cr., Utah Cr., Mora R. and Ocala Cv. Mining is the chief occupation of the inhai);- tants. Morals the the CO. seat. Agr. i^rodiu-- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 44,115 bush.; rye, 40 biuli.; oats, 27,314 bush.; Indian-corn, 57,349 bus;i.; Irish pot's, 150 bush.; butter, 4,600 lbs.; luiy, 917 tons. Cash value of farms, $440,6,;8. Ti^la., estimated, value of all farm productions, in- MORA. 598 MORGAN. eluding additions to stock, etc., $153,953. Value of manufactures, $309,600. Hora, p. V. in the above co. and the co. seat, on the Bio Mora Cr., a tributary of the Cana- dian R., about 47 mis. N. K. of Santa Fe and 25 mis. N. of Las Vegas. It lies in a fertile val- ley. Pop., 1,08.3. Moral, tu. in Shelby co., Ind. Pop., 1,720. Moral, p. o. in the above tn. Morales, p. o. in Jackson co., Tex. Moraii, p. o. Clinton co., Ind. Moraii, tn. in Mackinac co., Mich. Poj)., 373. Moraiio, p. o. in San Joaquin co., Cal. Moravia, p. v. in Appanoose co., Iowa, 12 mis. X. of Centerville, the co. seat, and about the same distance S. of Albia. Pop., 161. One newspaper. Moravia, tn. in Cayuga CO., N. Y. Pop., 2,169. *Moravia, p. v. in the above tn., on Owas- co Lake and the South Central R. 11., 18 mis. S. S. K. of Auburn. Has several manufacto- ries and commiands the trade of a fine agri- cultural district. Two newspapers. Moravia, p. v. in Lawrence co., Pa., on tlie Jieaver (Jr. and the Lawrence Lranch of the Pitlsljurgh, Fort Wayne & Cliicago K. R., 9 mis. N. of Homewood. Mordansville, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Morcau, tn. in Cole co.. Mo. Pop., 620. Morcaii, tu. in Moniteau co.. Mo. Pop., 1,081. Jlorcau, tu. in Morgan co.. Mo. Pop., 2,168. Moreau, tu. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,256. Moreauville, p. v. in Avoyelles parish. La., 25 mis. from Red River Landing. Morcdock, tn. in Monroe CO., 111. Pop., 836. Morelield, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 1.117. Morehead, p. o. and the co. seat of Rowan CO., Ky., 25 mis. from Grayson. Moreliead, v. in Clay co., Minn., on Red R., opposite Fargo, and on tlie Northern Pacific R. R., 137 mis W. of Brainerd. Morchead €ity, p. v. in Cartei'ct co., N. C, ou the Atlantic & North Carolina R. R., 36 mis. from New Berne. Pop., 267. Morchouite, parish in the N. part of La. Pop., 9,387 ; in I860. 10,357. It borders on the state of Arkansas. The Washita R. bounds it on the W., and it is intersected and drained by Bar- tholomew Bayou, navigable by steamers. The surface is undulating and the soil gener- ally fertile. Bastrop is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 180,032 bush. ; Irish pot's, 1,265 bush.; sweet pot's, 17,399 bush.; butter, 55,950 lbs.; cotton, 11,154 bales. Cash value of farms, .$1,011,421. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $973,183. Value of manufactures, $35,300. Morcbousc, tn. in Hamilton co., N. Y. Pop., 186. Morelionseville, p. v. in Hamilton co., N. Y., on W. Canada Cr. and 28 mis. N. E. of Prospect. Moreland, tn. in Pope co., Ark. Pop., 299. Morolaiid, p. o. in the above tn. Moreland, tu. in Muskegon co.,Mich. Pop., 194. Moreland, tn. in Scott co., Mo. Pop., 2,613. Moreland, p. o. in Schuyler co., N. Y. Moreland, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 815. Moreland, p. o. in the above tn. Moreland, tn. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pop., 2,207. Morell's Mill, p. o. in Sullivan co., Tenn. Morcnci, p. v. in Lenawee co., Mich., 10 mis. S. S. \V, of Adrian, the co. seat. Pop. about 1,200. One newspaper. Moresville, p. v. in Delaware co., N. Y^, 283-^ mis. S. of Sc-hoharle. Moretowu, tu. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., 1,263. Moretown, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Middlesex. Morctz Mills, p. o. in Watauga CO., N. C. Morey, p. o. in Nye co., Nov. Morgan, co. in Ala., N. part. Area about 7-50 SCI. mis. Pop., 12,187 ; in 1860, 11,335. The Ten- nessee R. forms the northern boundary and receives several small affluents. The valley of this river is a rich alluvial low plain ; but tlie greater part of the co. is a rolling table- land nearly 1,500 feet above the level of the ocean. The Tennessee & Alabama R. R. and the Memphis & Charleston R. R. intersect the CO. Somerville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: "Wheat, 23,336 bush.; rye, 300 bush.; Indian-corn, 333,332 bush.; oats, 17,701 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,116 bush.; sweet pot's, 19,- 902 bush.; cotton, 4,389 bales; butter, 70,888 lbs.; haj-, 40 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,183,- 488. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, ncluding additions to stock, etc., $837,236. Value of manufactures, $875. Morg'an, tn. in Sharp co.. Ark. Pop., 371. Morg'an, co. in Ga., central part. Area, .340 sq. mis. Pop., 10,696; in 1860, 9,997. The surface is slightly undulating and the soil productive. The CO. extends in the E. to the Appalacheo R. and the Oconee R.,and is drained by Sandy Cr. and Little R. The Georgia R. R. passes through the CO. Madison is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 19,820 busli.; rye, lUSbush.; Indian-corn, 129,948 bush.; oats, 14,325 bush.; Irish pot's, 169 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,019 bu.sh.; cotton, 4,868 bales; butter, 38,968 lbs. Cash value of farms, $G06,6C3. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $620,277. Value of manu- factures, $191,275. Morg'an, p. v. and the co. seat of Calhoun co., Ga., 14 mis. S. of Nochway. Pop., 126. Morg^an, co in 111., W. central part. Area, 530 sq. mis. Pop., 28,463; in 1860, 22,112. The sur- face is generally level ; the soil very fertile and under good cultivation. It is bounded on the N. W. by the Illinois R., and drained by small affluents of this stream. The Peoria, Pekin & Jacksonville R. R., Chicago & Alton It. R. and the Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R. intersect the co. Jaclisonville is • the CO. seat. Agr. proiluctions in 1870 : Wheat, 375,719 bush.; rye, 5,.")35 bush.; Indian-corn, 3,198.835 Ijusli.; oats, 198.724 bush.; Irish pot's, 68,105 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,797 bush.; butter, 295,789 lbs.; hay, 29,671 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,818,839. Total, estimated, value of ail farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,482,802. Value of manufactures, $1,287,441. Morg'an, tn. in Coles co.. 111. Pop., S18. Morgan, co. in Ind., central part. Area, 540 sq. nils. Pop., 17,474; in 1860, 16,110. The south- ern part is hilly and the remainder undulat- ing. Timber is aljundant and the soil excel- lent. Some parts are too wet for any crops but grass. Tlie West Branch of Wliite R. flows through the co. and receives White Lick Cr. Mill Cr., an affluent of Eel R., forms part of the western boundary. Three railroad lines braucli off from Martinsville, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 328,131 bush.; rye, 6,213 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,188,289 bush.; oats, 63,439 bush.; Irish pot's, 48,402 hush.; sweet pot's, 2,270 bush.; butter, 229,355 lbs.; hay, 8,183 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,.')65,855. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 699,704. Value of manufactures, $718,726. Morgan, tn. in Owen co., Ind. Pop., 1,031. Morgan, tn. in Harrison co., Ind. Pop., 1,426. Morgan, tn. in Porter co., Ind. Pop., 5?J. Morgan, tu. in Decatur co., Iowa. Pop., 529. Morgan, tn. in Franklin co., Iowa. Pop., 240. Morgan, tn. in Harrison co., Iowa. Pop., 4*34. Morgan, p. v. in Pendleton co., Kj'., on the Kentucky Central R. R., 47 mis. S. of Coving- ton. Morgan, co. in Ky., N. E. part. Area, 796 sq. mis. Pop., 5,975 ; in 1860, 9,237. The surface is hilly and in some parts mountainous. The Licking MOEGAN. 599 MORILLA. B. intersects the eo. from S. E. to N". W., flowing in a deeply eroded valley. The soil of the valleys is highly productive. West Liber- ty is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870; Wheat, 10,479 hush.; rye, 1,899 bush.; Indian- oorn, 22(5,751 hush.; oats, 34,139 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,678 hush.; sweet pot's, 5,43S bush.; butter, 89,717 lbs.; hay, 1,035 tons. Casl) value of farms, $1)24,545. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $296,066. Value of manufactures, $109,875. SIorg:aii, p. V. in Marquette eo., Mich., on the Marciuette & Ontonagon R. R., 7 mis. from Marquette. Slorg^au, CO. in Mo., central part. Pop., 8,4.34 ; in 1660, 8,202. The surface is rolling and about equally divided between prairie and forests. The soil is very productive and well adapted to all kinds of farming. The Osage R. and its tributaries, Gravois Or. and La Mine R., drain the CO. Versailles is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 83,123 hush.; rj^e, 1,319 bush.; Indian-corn, 228,175 bush.; oats, 138,259 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,424 bush.; sweet pot's, 84 bush.; butter. 41,333 lbs.; hay, 2,909 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,537,375. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $502,111. Value of manufactures, $218,091. ]!Iorg:au, tn. in Mercer co.. Mo. Pop., 2,107. Slorgan, tn. in Dade co.. Mo. Pop., 2,114. Morg'an, co. in Ohio, S. E. part. Area, 375 sq. mis. Pop., 20,363; in 1860, 22,119. The co. has a broken and hilly surface and is intersected by the Muskingum R., which receives Meig's (jr. and other small affluents. The soil is pro- ductive. Large quantities of salt are procured. McConnellsville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 192,701 bush.; rye, 3,725 bush.; Indian-corn, 613,837 hush.; oats, 137,546 bush.; Irish pot's, 71,821 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,008 bush.; butter, 593,454 lbs.; hay, 20,400 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,205,440. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, incluil- Ing additions to stock, etc., $1,918,771. Value of manufactures, $748,287. Morg'aii, tu. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 1,0S3. *Morg-aii, p. V. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Ashtabula. Horgaii, tn. in Butler co., Ohio. Pop., 1,807. Morg'au, tn. in Gallia CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,403. Morgan, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 645. Morg'an, tn. in Morgan co., Ohio. Pop., 2,185. Morg'an, tn. in Scioto co., Ohio. Pop., 753. Morgan, tn. in Greene co.. Pa. Pop., 1,101. Morgan, co. iu Tenn , N. N. E. part. Area, 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 2,969 ; in 1860, 3,353. Tlie E. part of the co. is occupied by the Cumberlantl Mts., and covered with forests; the W. part is rolling. Emery Cr. intersects and drains the S. part. Coal is abundant. Wartburg is the CO. seat. Agr. productions is 18/0 : Wheat, 1,561 bush.; rj'c, 2,2)2 bush.; Indian-corn, 52,- 642 bush.; oats, 15,548 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,910 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,415 bush.; butter, 'iOi'i'iS lbs.; hay, 485 tons. Cash value of farms, $-263,- ■ 952. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $162,877. Value of manufactures, $13,676. Morgan, co. in Utah Ter., N. part. Pop., 1,972. The CO. is bounded on the VV. by the "Wasatch Mts., and tlie greater part of it is occupied by the spurs and extensions of this range. Weber R. flows through a wide and productive valle3' in the southern part and receives East Canyon Cr., Lost Cr. and Cottonwood Cr. The Union Pacific R. 11. passes through the co., following the vallev of the Weber R. Morgan is the co. seat. AgV. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 12,960 bush.; Indian-corn, 239 bush.; oats, 55 bush,; Irish pot's, 3,950 bush. ; butter, 100 lbs. ; hay, 30 tons. Cash value of farms, $69,840. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $31,530. Value of manufactures, $133,400. Morgan, p. v. and the co. seat of Morgan co., Utah, on the Weber R., nearly opposite Weber on the Union Pacific R. R. Pop., 1,972. Morgan, tn. in Orleans CO., Vt. Pop., 614. Morgan, p. v. in the above tu., 10 mis. from Newport. Morgan, co. in W. Va., N. E. part. Area about 375 sq. mis. Pop., 4,315; in 1860, 3,73'2. The Potomac R. washes the northern border and separates the co. from Maryland. The Caca- pon R. flows through and drains it. The sur- face is considerably diversified by mountain ranges and valleys. The Baltimore &OhioR. R. intersects the co. Berkeley Springs Is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 27,697 bush.; rye, 9,217 bush.; Indian-corn, 58,- 142 bush.; oats, 19,835 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,915 bush.; sweet pot's, 41 bush.; butter, 41,183 lbs.; hay, 1,996 tons. Cash value of farms, $700,364. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $266,. 436. Value of manufactures, $140,212. Morgan, tn. in Monongalia CO., W. Va. Pop., 2,536. *Morganflelci, p. v. and the co. seat of Unioii CO., Ky., near the Ohio R. and 15 mis. W. by S. of Henderson; in a rich agricultural dis- trict. Pop., 300. One newspaper. Morgan's Forh, p. o. in Franklin Co., Miss, Morgan's Glade, p. o. in Preston co., W. Va. Morgan's Mills, p. o. in Union co., N. C. Morg'an Spring, p. o. in Perry co., Ala. Morgansville, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Morganton, p. v. and the co. seat of Fannin CO., Ga., 45 mis. E. of Dalton. *Morganton, p. v. and the co. seat of Burke CO., N. C, on the Western North Carolina B. R., and on the Catawba R., 29 mis. W. of New- ton. Pop., 554. *Morgantown, p. v. in Morgan co., Ind., on. the Martinsville Division of the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 15 mis. S. W. of Fran klin. Morgantown, p. v. and the co. seat of Butler CO., Ky., on the Green R., 21 mis. N. N. W. of Bowling Green. Pop., 1'25. Morgantown, p. o. in Pike CO., Ohio. Morgantown, p. v. in Berks CO., Pa., 7 mis. N. of Waynesburgh. Morgantown, p. v. in Loudon co., Tenn., 15 mis. from Loudon. *Morgantown, p. v. and the co. seat of Mo- nongalia CO., W. Va., on Mouongahela R., 65 mis. S. of Pittsburgh, Pa., with which it is connected by a line of steamers. A manu- facturing town with two newspapers. Pop., 797. Morgan Valley, p. o. in Wyoming co., W. Va. Morganvllle, p. v. in Dade co., Ga., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. B.,12 mis. from Chattanooga. Morgan ville, p. o. in Cla5' co., Kans. Morganvllle, p. o. in Monmouth co., N. J. Morganville, p. v. in Genesee co., N. Y., 1 mle. N. of Statlbrd. Morganvllle, p. o. in Polk co., Tex. Morganza, p. o. in St. Jlary's co., Md. Morganzia, p. v. in Point Coupee parish. La., on the Mississippi R., 15 mis. from St. Fran- cis ville. Moriab, p. o. in Iowa co., Iowa. Morlab, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 4,683. Moriali, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Cliamplain & Moriah R. R., 15 mis. N. of Ticon- deroga and 2)4 mis. W. of Port Henry. Moriata Centre, p. o. in Essex co., N. Y. Morian, p. o. in Colfax co., Nebr. Moriches, p. v. in Suflolk co., N. Y., 6 mis. from Yaphank. Morley, p. o. in Mecosta co., Mich. Morley, p. v. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 5 mis. from Canton. Morley, p. o. in Scott co.. Mo. Morilla, tn. in Manistee CO., Mich. Pop., 129. MOEMON ISLAND. 600 MORRISTOWN. Mormon Island, p. v. in Sacramento CO., Cal., 10 mis. ffoin Roseville. Mormon Mills, p. o. in Burnet CO., Tex. Mormontown, p. o. in Taylor CO., Iowa. Morning: Sun, tn. in Louisa CO., Iowa. Pop., l,2o-'. ♦Morning Sun, p. v. in the above tn., on the Burlington, Cedar liapitls & Minnesota R. K., 2a nils. N. by W. of Burlington. Shix)ping point foi- grain iind other agricultural products. Pop., ;^14. One newspapei'. Morning Sun, p. v. in Preble CO., Ohio, 7 mis. from SummerviUe. Mornington, p. o. in Webster co., Mo. Morning' View, p. o. in the v. of Mullins, in Kenton CO.. Ky., on the Kentucky Central R. II. Morning View, p. o. in Belmont CO., Ohio. Moro, tn. in Bradlej^ co., Ark. Pop., 311. Moro, tn. in Calhoun co., Ark. Pop., 4SI. Moro, p. o. in Monroe CO., Ark. Moro, tn. in San Luis Obispo co., Cal. Pop., 627. Moro, p. r. in Madison co.. 111., on the Indian- apolis & St. Louis li. R., 6 mis. N. E. of Alton. Pop., I8i. Moro Bay, p. o. in Bradley co.. Ark. Morocco, p. V. in Newton co., Ind., 12 mis. N. of Keutland. Morocco, V. in Jasper CO., Ind. Moroni, p. v. in San Pete co., UtahTcr., on the San Pitch 11. and 23 mis. S. K. of Nephi. Pop., 633. Morrcll, p. o. in Huntingdon CO., Pa. Morrill, p. o. in Brown co., Kans. Morri!!, p. o. in .Jackson co., Ky. Morrill, tn. in Waldo co., Me. Pop., 523. Morrill, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of Belfast. Morris, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ala. Morris, tn. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Pop., 701. Morris, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Ply- mouth. Morris, tn. in Urundy CO., 111. Pop., 3,251. *MorrIs, p. v. in tlie above tn. and the co. seat, on the Illinois R., the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. and Illinois & Michigan Canal, 61 mis. S. W. of Chicago and 21 mis. S. W. of Jo- liet. Has several large factories and is an important shipping point for cattle and cere- als. Pop., 3,lo8. Two newspapers. Morris, p. v. in Ripley co., Ind., on the Indian- apolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 51 mis. from Cincinnati. Pop. about 400. Morris, p. o. in Stevens co., Minn. Morris, co. in Kans., central part. Area, 460 sq. mis. Pop., 2,225 ; in 1860, 770. The Neosho R. rises in the co. and drains the largest part of it. The W. part is drained by Diamond Cr. The Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R. intersects the CO. from N. W. to S. E. The surface is rolling and consists mostly of fertile prairies. Council Grove is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 41,631 bush.; rye, 395 bush.; Indian-corn, 89,815 bush.; oats, 15,341 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,549 bush.; sweet pot's, 82 bush.; butter, 30,590 lbs.; hay, 4,991 tons. Cash value of farms, $549,94(). Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $165,542. Value of manufactures, !3i66,650. Morris, tn. in Carroll CO., Mo. Pop,, 3,831. Morris, tn. in Sullivan co.. Mo. Poi)., 964. Morris, tii. in Texas co.. Mo. Pop., 539. Morris, co. in N. J., N part. Area, 4835^ sq. mis. Fop., 43,137; in 1860, 34,677. It is bounded on the E. by Passaic R., on the N. E. by Pe- quanock R and on the N. W. ]iartly liy Mus- conetcoug R. The Raritan and Roekaway Rs. drain it. Several ranges of hills traverse it from N. E. to S. W. Schooley's Mt., in the ■western part, is celebrated for its fine views and scenery. This co. is intersected by the Morris & Essex R. R. and other lines. Mor- ristown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 80,997 bush.; rye, 23,776 bush.; oats, 290,721 bush.; Indian-corn, 608,024 bush.; Irish pot's, 168,611 bush.; sweet pot's, 273 bush.; butter, 535,274 lbs.; hay, 34,859 tons. Cash value of farms, $15,000,520. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,127,231. Principal products of industry : Forged and rolled iron, $873,847 ; bolts and nuts, $844,371, and nails and spikes, $322,315. Total value of manufactures, $4,- 644,951. Morris, tn. in the above co. Pop., 5,074. Morris, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 2,253. Morris, p. v. in the above tn., on Butternut Cr., 20 mis. S. W. of Cooperstown, the co. seat. It is the center of trade for a wool and hop- raising district. One newspaper. Morris, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 800. Morris, tn. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop., 1,480. Morris, tn. in Greene co.. Pa. Pop., 1,296. Morris, tn. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. lop., 688. Morris, tn. in Tioga co.. Pa. Pop., 423. Morris, p. o. in the above tn. Morris, tn. in Washington co.. Pa. Pop., 1,050. Morris, p. o. in Hanover co., Va. Morrlssanla, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 19,609. ♦Morrlssanla, p. v. in the above tn., on the Harlem R. and on New York & Harlem R. R., 10 mis. N. of New York. It has some luanu- fitctories, several higher educational institu- tions and many elegant suburban residences. United to New York City January 1, 1874. Morris Church, p. o. in Campbell co., Va. Morris . o.. in the aljove tn. Morrison UIuH*, p. o. in Sarber co.. Ark. Morrison Mill^, p. o. in Alachua co., Fla. Morrisonvillc, tn. in Christian co.. 111. Pop., 128. Morrisonvllle, p. v. in Christian CO., 111. Morrisonville, p. v. in Clinton co., N. Y., 5]^ mis. from Plattsburgh. Morrisonville, p. o. in Washington co.. Pa. Morrisonville, p. o. in Loudoun co., Va. Morrisonville, p. o in Dane co.. Wis. 9IliQ|trrls Kun, ]). v. in Tioga CO., Pa., on tho Tioga H. R., 3U mis. E. of Blossburgh. Morris Station, p. o. in Quitman co., Ga. Morrlstown, p. v. in Henry co.. 111., 5)4 mis. S. E. of Green River. Morrlstown, p. o. in Shelby co., Ind. Morrlstown, v. in Randolph co.,lnd. Pop., 257. MORRISTOWN. 601 MOSS BLUFF. Morristown, tn. in Rice CO., Minn. Pop., 1,000. Morristowii, p. v. ia the above tn., 10 mis. fiom Faribault. Pop., 317. MorristowBi, p. o. in Moore CO., N. C. *Morristowii, p. v and the co. seat of Morris CO., X. J., on the Morris & Essex Division of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 31 mis. W. of New York, and in a rich agricvil- tural district. Pop. of tn., 5,674. Three news- papers. Morristown, tn. In St. Lawrence eo., N. Y. Pop., 1,954. *Morristowii, p. v. in the above tn.. on the St. Lawrence R., 11 mis. from Ogdensbur^h. *Morristown, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, 3 mis. from Belmont. Pop.. 423. *Morrlstown, p. v. and the co. seat of Ham- blen CO., Tcnn., near Holsten R. and on the Cincinnati, Cumberland Gap & Charleston E. R. and the East Tennessee, Virginia & Geor- gia R. R., 42 mis. N. E. of Knoxville, and in a rich agricultural section. Pop., 988. Two newspapei's. Alorristowii, tn. in Lamoille co., Vt. Pop., 1,897. Morrlstown, p. v. in the a,bove tn., 13 mis. from Waterbury. Morrisville, p. o. in Calhoun co., Ala. Morrisville, p. o. in Polk co.. Mo. Morriisvillc, p. v. and the co. seat of Madison CO., N. Y., on the Cherry Valley Turnpike, near the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 12 mis. S. of Oueida. Pop., 570. One newspaper. Morrisville, p. v. in Wake co., N. C, on the North Carolina E. R., 27 mis. from Ilillsbo- rough. Morrisville, p. v. in Clinton co., Ohio, 2 mis. from Martinsville. Pop., 39. Morrisville, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., near the Delaware R. and on the Camden & Amboy R. R., 2 mis. S. W. of Trenton. Pop., 813. *Morrlsville, p. v. in Lamoille co., Vt., on the Vermont Division of the Portland & Ogdens- bnrg R. R., 58 mis. W. N. W. of Concord, N. II. Morrisville^ p. o. in Fauquier CO., Va. Morro, p. o. in San Luis Obispo co., Cal. Morroseniaii, p. o. in Robeson co., N. C. Morrow, tn. in Adair co., Mo. Pop., 877. Morrow, co. in Ohio, central part. Area, 375 sq. mis. Pop., 18,.583; in 1860, 20,a5. The sur- face is level and the soil verj' fertile. Cedar Fork and Vernon Rs., tributaries of the Wal- honding R., drain the eastern part of the co., and small affluents of the Scioto R. the west- ern. The Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R. passes through the western part from N. to S.; the Atlantic & Great West- ern R. R. touches the N. W. corner. Mount Gilead is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 207,714 bush.; rye, 8,635 bush.; Indian-corn, 615,679 bush.; oats, 312,300 bush.; Irish pot's, 92,452 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,101 bush.; butter, 652,684 lbs.; hay, 38,106 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,689,310. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,008,435. Value of manufac- tures, $.581,0a5. ♦Morrow, p. v. in Warren co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., and the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R., 36 mis. N. E. of Cincinnati. Pop., 708. Morrows Station, p. o. in Clayton co., Ga. Blorrowville, p. o. in Dallas co.. Ark. Morrowville, p. o. in Campbell co., Tenn. Morse, p. o. in Johnson co., Iowa. Morse's Mill, p. o. in Jefferson co., INIo. Morse's, v. in Graves co., Ky., on the Paducah & Jlemphis R. R., 44 mis. from Paducah. Morsston, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Morton, p. o. in Franklin co.. Ark. Morton, new co. in Dak. Ten, N. W. central part ; borders in the E. on the Missouri R. and is intersected from W. to E. by Heart and Cannon Ball Rs. The surface is undulating and consists mostly of prairies. Morton, tn. in Tazewell co.. 111. Pop., 1,228. Morton, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Peoria. Morton, p. V. In Putnam co., Ind., 7 mis. from Bainbridgc. Morton, p. v. in Scott co.. Miss., on the Vickg- burgh & Meridian R. R., 34 mis. B. of Jackson, Morton, v. in Ray co.. Mo. Morton, p. o. in Monroe co., Ohio. Morton, p. v. in Delaware co.. Pa., on the Westchester & Philadelphia R. R., IQi^ mis. W. of Philadelphia. Morton's Corners, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Morton's Oap, p. o. in Hopkins co., Kj'. Morton's Store, p. o. in Alamance co., N. C. Mortonsville, p. o. in Clinton co., Ind. Mortonsville, p. v. in Woodford co., Ky., 15 mis. from Lexington. Mortonville, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 5 mis. from Coatesville. Morven, p. o. in Brooks co., Ga. Morven, p. o. in Anson CO., N. C. Morven, p. o. in Amelia co., Va. Mosalem, tn. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pop., 972, Moscow, p. o. in Sanford co., Ala. Moscow, p. o. in Union co.. 111. Moscow, p. V. in Rush co., Ind., on Flat Rock Cr., 9 nils. S. W. of Rushville. Moscow, tn. in Muscatine co., Iowa. Pop., 1,0,33. Moscow, p. V. in the above tn., on the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Paci- fic R. R., 3 mis. W. of Wilton. Pop., 316. Mosco^v, p. V. in Hickman co., Ky., on the Mo- bile & Ohio R. R., 13 mis. S. of Columbus. Pop., 3.50. Moscow, tn. in Somerset co.. Me. Pop., 528. Moscow, tn. in Hillsdale oo., Mich. Pop., 1,223. Moscow, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis N. W. of .Jerome. Moscow, tn. in Freeborn co., Minn. Pop., 592. Moscow, p. o. in the above tn. Moscow, p. o. in Kemper co.. Miss. Moscow, p. V. in Livingston co., N. Y., 4 mis, from Genesee. Pop., 245. Moscow, p. V. in Clermont CO., Ohio, on the OhioR. Pop., 443. Moscow^, p. V. in Luzerne co.. Pa., on the Dela- ware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 13 mis. S. of Scranton. Moscow, p. V. in Bell co., Tenn., on the Somer- ville Branch and the main line of the Mem- phis & Charleston R. R., 13 mis. from Grand Junction. Moscow, p. V. in Polk co., Tex., 17 mis. N. N. E. of Livingston, the co. seat. Moscow, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. Moscow, tn. in Iowa co.. Wis. Pop., 9.55. Moscow, p. V. in the above tn., 22 mis. E. of Mineral Point. Moscow Mills, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Mosel, p. o. in Sheboygan co.. Wis. Moselle, p. V. in Franklin co.. Mo., on the At- lantic & Pacific R. R., 49 mis. from St. Louis ; in a good agricultural section. Pop. about 500. Moselle, tn. in Sheboygan co.. Wis. Pop., 1,088. Moslem, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. Moserville, p. o. in Lehigh eo.. Pa. Moses Forli, p. o. in Wayne co., W. Va. Moses Kill, d. o. in Washington oo., N. Y Mosheiin. p. o. in Greene co., Tenn. Mosherville, p. v. in Hillsdale co., Mich., on the Fort Wayne, Jackson & Saginaw R. R., 19 mis. from Jackson. Pop. about 2.50. Mosherville, p. o. in Saratoga co., N. Y. MoslertOAvn, p. v. in Crawford co.. Pa., 5 mis. from Saegerstown. Mosinee, tn. in Marathon co.. Wis. Pop., 334, Mosinee, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. from VVausau. Mosquito, tn. in Christian co. , 111. Pop., 1,270. Moss, tn. in Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 316. Moss Bluff, p. o. in Liberty co., Tex. MOSSING FORD. 602 MOUNTAIN ROAD. Mossing- Ford, p. v. in Charlotte co., Va., on llic KicUmoiid & Danville R. K., 30 mis. from IJuikrville. MosK Point, p. o. in Jackson co., Miss. Moss Kun, p. o. in Washington co.^ Ohio. Moss l>»pring:s, p. o. in Davis co., Kans. Mossvillc, p. V. in Peoria co., 111., on tlie Peo- Du Jiianch of tlie Cliicago, Rock Island & Pa- cific R. R., 37 mis. from Bureau. Pop. about 200. Mossy Creek, p. v. in .Jefferson co., Tenn., on the Kast Tennessee, V'irgLuia & Georgia R. R., 13 mis. from Morristown. Mossy Creek, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. Motley, p. o. in Todd co.,Minn. Motley, p. V. h\ Lancaster co., Pa., 5 mis. from Mount Joy. Mott, p. o. in Angelina co., Tex. Mott Haven, p. v. in AVestchester co., N. Y., on the Xew York & Harlem R. R., 4% mis. N. of New Vork. A place of residence for busi- ness men of the city. One newspaper. Mottomosa, p. o. in Atascosa eo., Tex. Motts Bridg'c, p. o. in Clarentlou district, S. C. Mott's Corners, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., l}4 mlo. N. of Caroline Depot. Mottfille, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., Mottrille, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from White Pigeon. Mottville, p. V. in Onondaga co., N. Y., on the Skaneateles R. R., 214 mis. N. of Skaneateles. Pop., 276. Moulton, p. V. and the co. seat of Lawrence co.j Ala., 11 mis. S. of Courtlaud on the Mem- phis & Charleston R. R. One newspaper. ♦Moulton, p. V. in Appanoose co., Iowa, on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R., at intersection with the Burlington & South- western R. R., 3.5 mis. S. W. of Ottumwa; has woollen factories, mills and general trade. Pop., 678. One newspaper. Moulton, tn.ln Au'j,iaiz<' co., Ohio. Pop., 1,252. Moulton, p. o. iu the above tn, Moulton, p. o. in Lavaca co., Tex. Moulton boroug;ta, tn. in Carroll co., N. H. Pop., 1.29:). Moultonborou^h, p. o. in the above tn. Moultouville, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. Moultrie, p. o. in Colquitt co., Ga. Moultrie, co. in 111., E. central part. Area, 320 SQ. nils. Pop.,10,3S5; in 18()0, 6,385. The surface is level; the soil fertile. It is intersected from K. to W. by the Kaskaskia R. The Blooming- ton & Decatur R. R., the Decatur, Sullivan & Mattoon R. R. and the Paris & Decatur R. R. pass through the co. Sullivan is the co. seat. Agr. productions iu 1870 : Wheat, 213,1564 bush.; rye, 6,670 l)ush.; Indian-corn, 1,753,141 bush.; oats, 263,092 bush.; Irisli pot's, 59,263 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,260 bush.; butter, 247,264 llxs.; hay, 9,214 tons. Cash value of farms, iji5,803,»«)2. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1 ,732,- 864. Value of manufactures, $161,127. Moultrie, p. v. iu Coluinbiaiui co., Ohio, on the Clevehmd & Pittsburgh R. R., 3 mis. from Bayard. Mound, tn. in Miami co., Ivans. Poo., 498. Mound, tn. in McDonough co.. 111. Pop., 1,350. Mound, tn. in Eftingham co.. 111. Pop., 1,211. Mound, tn. in Warren co., Ind. Pop., 394. Mound, p. o. in Mailison parish. La. Mound City, p. o. in Crittenden co., Ark. *Mound City, p. v. and the co. seat of Pulaski CO., J 11., on Mound City R. R. and the Ohio It., 7 mis. N. of Cairo. Has several manufactories and an extensive river commerce. Seat of the Western Naval Station. Pop., 1,631. Two newspapers. Mound City, tn. in Linn co.,Kans. Poji., 1,374. *Mound City, p. v. in the above tn. and tlie CO. seat, 8 mis. from Pleasautowu on t!ie Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf U. II. Pop.. 635. One newspaper. Mound City, p. v. in Holt co., Mo,, 3 mis. from Bigektw on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R. Mound Prairie, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 1,016. Mound Prairie, tn. in Houston co., Minn. Pop., 650. Mound Prairie, p. o. in Houston co., Minn. Mounds, p. V. in Vernon co.. Mo., 16 mis. from Nevada. Mound Springes, p. v. in Jackson co., Wis., on Trempealeau R. and 16 mis. W. of Black R. Falls. Mound Sitation, p. v. in Brown co., 111., on the Toledo. Wabash & Western R. R.,6 mis. N. W. of ^Nfount Sterling. Moundsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Mar- shall CO., W. Va., on the Ohio R. and on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 11 mis. S. of Wheeling. Largely engaged in manufacturing and min- ing interests. Pop., 1,500, inclusive of the townshi)). Two newspapers. Mound Valley, tn. in Labette co., Kans. Pop., 275. Mound Valley, p. o. in the above tn. Mound View, tn. in Ramsey co., Minn. Pop., 215. Moundville, tn. in Vernon co.. Mo. Pop., 897. Moundville, tn. in Marquette co., Wis. Pop., 40S. Moundville, p. o. in the above tn. Mount Adams, p. o. in Arkansas CO., Ark. Mount Aerial, p. o. in Allen co., Ky. Mount Aetna, p. o. in Berks Co.. Pa. Mountain, tn. in Crawford co.. Ark. Pop., 508. Mountain, tn. in Johnson co.. Ark. Pop., 296. Mountain, tn. in Montgomery CO., Ark. Pop., Mountain, tn. in Pike CO., Ark. Pop., 238. Mountain, tn. in Polk co.. Ark. Pop., 281. Mountain, tn. in Seott co.. Ark. Pop., 277. Mountain, tn. in Van Buren co., Ark. Pop., 80. Mountain, tn. in AVashington co.. Ark. Pop., Mountain, tn. in Yell co.. Ark. Pop., 144. Mountain, tn. in Del Norte co., Cal. Pop., 99. Mountain, tn. in El Dorado co., Cal. Pop., 271. Mountain, tn. in Barry Co., Mo. Pop., 704. Mountain, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Mountain City, p. v. in Elko co., Nev., 7 mis. S. of KlUo. Pop., 407. Mountain City, p. v. in Hays co., Tex., 15 mis. from San Marcos. Mountain Cove, p. o. in Barry co.. Mo. MouutAin Cove, tn. in Fayette co., W. Va. Pop., i,'.i_';i. Mountain Cove, p. o. in the above tn. Mountain Creek, p. o. in Catawba co., N. C. Mountain Creek, p. o. in Cumberland co., Pa. Mountain Creek, p. o. in Waiiiii co., Tenn. Mountain Dale, p. o. in Waslimgton co., Oi-cg. Mountain Eag'le, p. v. in Centre CO., Pa., on tile Bald Eagle N'alley Branch of the Pennsj-1- vuiiia R. R. and the Bald Eagle Canal, 13 mis. S. W. of Lock Haven. Mountain Falls, p. o. in Frederick co., Va. Mountain throve, p. o. in Bath co., Va. Mountain Hill, p. o. in Harris eo., Ga. Monistain Home, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ala. Mountain Home, p. v. and the co. seat of IJaxliT ro., .-Vrk.. 27 nils. X. E. of Mt. Olive. Mountain H4»ine, v. in McDowell eo., N. C. Mountain Home, p. v. in Monroe co.. Pa., 4 nii<. fi-oni lli'iirvvyle. Mountain Honie, p. o. in Hardy co., W. Va. Mountain House, p. o. in Yanillill co., Oreg. Mountain ].,ake, p. o. in Cottonwood CO., IMinii. Mountain I>ake, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. Mountain l.ake, p. o. in Giles CO., Va. Mountain Kancli, p. o. in Calaveras co., Cal. Mountain Uoad, p. o. iu Halifax CO., Va. MOUNTAIN SCENE. 603 MOUNT DIABLO. Slonntain Scene, p. o. in Towns co., Ga. Monntaiu Spring', p. o. in Carroll co., Ark. Monntaiu Spring', tn. in Butte co., Cal. Pop., 264. Honntain Spring, p. o. in Martin co., Incl. llonntain Spring Range, in the southern part of Nye co., Nev.; trends N. N. W. and S. S. E. Slonntain Top, p. v. in the v. of Fairview, or Penobscot, in Luzerne co., Pa., on the Lehigh & Susquehanna R. R. and the Lehigh Valley R. R.. 14 nils. N. of White Haven. Mountain Valley, p. o. in Luzerne co., Pa. 91ountain View, p. v. in Santa Clara co., Cal., on the .Southern Pacific R. R., 38 mis. from San Francisco. Pop. aboixt 100. Monntain View, p. v. in Passaic co., N. J. Mountain View, p. o. in Stafford co., Va. Mountainvillc, p. o. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Mountainville, p. o. in Orange CO., N. Y. Mount Adams, a pk. of the Cascade Mts., in Skamania co., Washington Ter., 9,570 feet above the sea level. Mount Adams, a pk. of the White Mts., in Coos CO., N. H., 5,794 feet above the sea. Mount Airy, tn. in Greene co.. 111. Pop., 1,3'20. Mount Airy, p. v. in Carroll co., Md., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 43 mis. W. of Balti- more. Pop. about 100. Mount Airy, p. o. in Randolph co.. Mo. *Monnt Airy, p. v. in Surry co., N. C, on Ararat R., near the Va. state line, and 54 mis. S. by E. of VVytheville, Va. Pop. about 1,200. Two newspapers. Mount Airy, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Mount Airy, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., 15 mis. from Uniontown. Mount Airy, p. o. in Bledsoe co., Tenn. Mount Airy, p. o. in Pittsylvania co., Va. Mount Algor, p. v. in Jackson co., Iowa, 7 mis. from Sabula. Mount Andrew, p. o. in Barbour co., Ala. Mountanna, p. o. in Autauga co., Ala. Mount Aseutney, a pk. in Windsor co., Vt., near the W. bank of the Connecticut R. Mount Athos, p. o. in Campbell co., Va. Mount Auburn, tn. in Christian co., HI. Pop., 1.640. Mount Auburn, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. of Taylorville. Mount Auburn, p. v. in Shelby Co., Ind., 6 mis. N. E. of Edinburgh. Pop., 89. Mount Auburn, p. o. in Benton co., Iowa. Mount Auburn, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Watertown Branch of the Fitchburgh R. R., 5^4 mis. from Boston. Mount Ayr, tn. in Ringgold co.,Iowa. Pop., 827. *Mount Ayr, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 75 mis. S. S. W. of Des Moines and 23 mis. from Afton on line of Burlington & Mis- souri River R. R. Pop., 422. One newspaper. Mount Bethel, p. v. in Northampton co., Pa., ]%mle. S. \V. of Portland. Mount Bethel, p. o. in Henry co., Va. Mount Blanehard, p. v. in Hancock co., Ohio. 13 nils. S. E. of Findlay. Mount Blanco, p. o. in Meigs CO., Ohio. Mount Braddock, p. o. in Fayette co., Pa. Mount Brewer, a pk. of the Sierra Nevada, in Fresno co., Cal.; is 13,886 feet above the sea level. It was named in honor of Prof. Wm. H. Brewer, of Yale College. Mount Bullion, p. v. in Mariposa co., Cal., i]4 nils, from Mariposa. Mount Calm, p. o. in Limestone co., Tex. Mount Carbon, borough in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 364. Mount Carniel, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ala. Mount Carmel, p. v. in New Haven bo., Conn., on the New Haven & Northampton R. R., 9 mis. >i of New Haven. Pop. about 300. Mount Carmel, tn. in Wabash co.. 111. Pop., 88(1. *Mount Carmel, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the W. bank of the Wabash R. and on the Louisville, New Albany & St. Louis Air-line R. R., 30 mis. S. by W. of Vin- cennes. It has iron foundries, woollen and other factories. The river provides excellent water-power. Pop., 1,640. Two newspapers. Mount Carmel, p. v. in Franklin co., Ind., 8 mis. from Brookville. Mount Carmel, p. o. in Carroll co., Iowa. Mount Carmel, p. o. in Crawford CO., Kans. Mount Carmel, p. v. in Fleming CO., Ky., 15 mis. from Maysville. Pop., 1,196. Mount Carmel, p. v. in Baltimore CO., Md., 6% mis. N. W. of Philopolis. Mount Carmel, p. v. in Covington co., Miss., 45 mis. from Brookhaven. Mount'Carmel, p. v. in Clermont CO., Ohio, 4 mis. from Plainsville. Pop., 192. Mount Carmel, tn. in Northumberland co., Pa. Pop., 2,451. Mount Carmel, p. bor. in above tn., on the Shamokin Branch of the Northern Central R. R. and the Mahanoy Branch of the Lehigh Valley R. R., 5^4 mis. W. of Centralia. It lies in the coal regions. Pop., 1,289. Mount Carmel, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. Mount Camnel, p. o. in Smith co., Tex. Mount Carmel, p. o. tn Kane co., Utah Ter. Mount Carmel, tn. in Halifax co., Va. Pop., 4,S61. Mount Carmel, p. o. in the above tn. Mount CarrioK, p. o. in Monroe co., Ohio. Mount Carroll, tn. in Carroll co.. 111. Pop., 2,815. *Mount Carroll, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Western Union R. R., 25 mis. S. W. of Freeport. It is noted for its excel- cellent institutions of learning. Pop., 1,756. Two newspapers. Mount Chase, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 262. Mount Chestnut, p. o. in Butler co., Pa. Mount Chocorua, a pk. in Grafton co., N. H. It is famous for the magnificent views from its summit. Mount Clemens, p. v. and the co. seat of Ma- comb CO., Mich., on the Grand Trunk R. R. and on Clinton R., at the head of navigation, 25 mis. N. of Detroit. It has ship-yards and an extensive lumber trade. Pop., 1,768. Two newspapers. Mount Clifton, p. v. in Shenandoah co,, Va., 5 mis. from j\It. Jackson. Pop. in I860, 477. Mount Clinton, a pk. of the White Mts., in Cvns CO., N. H., 4,320 feet above the sea. Mount <'linton, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. Mount Cotfln, p. o. in Cowlitz co., Wash. Ter. Mount Comfort, p. o. in Hancock co., Ind. Mount Crawford, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. Mount Crawford, p. v. in Rockingham co., Va., 15 mis. from Harrisonburgh. Pop., 901. Mount Croghan, p. o. in Chesterfield district, S. C. Mount Dana, a lofty pk. of the Sierra Ne- vada, in Inyo co., Cal., 13,227 feet high. It was named in honor of Professor J. I). Dana, of Yale College. Mount Desert, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 918. Mount Desert, p. v. in the above tn., 16 mis. from Ellsworth. Mount Desert Island, in Hancock co.. Me.; an island about 100 sq. mis. large, and famous for its grand and romantic scenery. It has 13 distinct mountain peaks and numerous lakes. A long and narrow bay'rnns to the N. almost through the island. Green Mt., in the town of Eden, affords magnificent views of the ocean on the one sitle, contrasting with high mountains on the other. Mount Desert Roch, an isolated rock in the Atlantic, 20 nils. S. of Mount Desert Island. It has a light-house with a white light. Mount Diablo, a pk. of the coast range in Cal.; lies E. of San Francisco B., 3,856 feet above the sea level. MOUNT EATON. 604 MOUNT KEARSARGE. Monnt Enton, p. v. in Wayne co., Ohio, 13 mis. li'Diu ApiJlf Creek. Pop., 296. Mount Ebal, p. o. in Aiken district. S. C. Monnt £clen, p. v. in Alameda CO., Cal., Imls. from Uaywartl. Mount Kilcn, p. o. in Spencer co.. Ivy. Mount Eden, v. in 'Westchester co., N. Y., nt'iu- Xew York City. Pop., 116. Mount Elba, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Ark. Mount Enterprise, p. o. in Cedar co.. Mo. Mount Enterprise, p. v. in Rusk co., Tex., lil mis. from Henderson. Mount Eolia, p. o. in Towns CO., Ga. Mount Epiiraian, p. o. in Camden co., N. J. Mount Epiiraini, p. v. in Noble CO., Ohio, 10 mis. from Gibson. Pop., 171. Mount Equinox, a pk. of tlie Green Mts. in Benninirton CO., V't., .",872 feet above the sea. Mount Erie, tn. in Wayne co., 111. Pop., 1,238. Mount Erie, p. o. in the v. of Long Prairie in the above tn. Mount Etna, p. v. in Huntinjjton CO., Ind., on the Saiamance II., S) mis. S. ot Huntington. Mount Etna, p. o. in Adams co., Iowa. Mount Falrview, p. o. in San Diego co., Cal. Mount Florence, p. v. in Jefferson co., Kans., 10 mis. from North Topeka. Mount Franklin, a pk. of the White Mts. in Coos CO., N. IL, 4,'JOl feet above the sea. Mount Freedom, p. o. in Morris CO., N. J. Mount Freedom, p. o. in Pendleton CO., W. Va. Monnt Gallag'ber, p. o. in Laurens district, S. C. Mount C.aynor, p. o. in Hays CO., Tex. Mount (itilboa, V. in Benton CO., Ind., 5 mis. from Uemiiigton. Mount Oilead, p. o. in Mason co., Ky. Mount Ciilcad, p. o. in Montgomery co., N. C. *Mount 4 feet above the sea. Mount Mooseliillock, pk. in Grafton CO., N. H., S. of the White Mts., 4,790 feet above the sea. Mount Moriah, p. v. and the co. seat of Ne- vada CO., Ark., on Cj'press Bayou and 100 mis. S. W. of Little Rock. Mount Morlali, p. o. in Brown CO., Ind. Mount Moriah, p. o. in Kent co., Del. Mount Moriah, p. o. in Harrison co., Mo. Mount Morris, tn. in Ogle co.. 111. Pop., 1,455. *Mount Morris, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chicago & Iowa R. R., 1% mis. N. W. of Oregon. Mount Morris, tn.in Genesee Co., Mich. Pop., 1,402. Mount Morris, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop., 3,877. ♦Mount Morris, p. v. in the above tn., on the Genesee R. and Canal and at terminus of Dan- ville it Mount Morris Branch of Erie R. R., 16 mis. S. of Avon. The river alfords excellent water-power, which is employed in manufac- turing. Pop., 1,930. One newspaper. Mount Morris, p. v. in Greene co., Pa., 28V^ nils. S. W. of Uniontown. Mount Morris, tn. in Waushara co., Wis. Pop., .J84. Mount Morris, p. o. in the above tn. *Mount Morris Station, p. v. in Genesee co., Mich., on the Flint & Pere Marciuette R. R., 6 nils. N. of Flint. Mount Mourne, p. o. in Iredell co., N. C. Mount Murphy, p. o. in Pocahontas co., W. Va. Mount BTebo, p. o. in Yadkin co., N. C. Mount Xebo, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Mount }Viles, p. o. in St. Clair co., Ala. Mount Olive, p. o. in Coosa co.. Ala. Mount Olive, p. o. and the co. seat of Izard CO., Ark., on the Big North Branch of White U. and '.Hi mis. N. of Little Roclc. Mount Olive, p. o. in Macoupin co.. III. Mount Olive, p. o. in Iilorris co., N. J. Mount Olive, p. v. in Wavne co., N. C., on the Wilmington & Weldon R. R., 14 nils, from Goldsborough. Pop. about 400. Mount Olive, p. o. in Clermont co., Ohio. Mount Olive, p. v. in Shenandoah co., Va. Pop. in 1860, 277. Mount Olive, p. o. in Mason co., W. Va. Mount Olivet, p. v. and the co. seat of Rob- ertson CO. , Ky., 10 mis. W. of Helena. Pop., 254. Mount Olivet, p. o. in McLennan co., Tex. Mount Olympus, a pk. in the Coast Ranges, in Clallam co.. Wash. Ter., west of Puget Sound ; it is 8,150 feet high. Mount Orab, p. o. in Brown co., Oliio. Mount Ossipee, a pk. in Carroll co., N. H., near Lake Ossipee. The summit affords beau- tiful views, especially of Lake Winnipiseogee. Mount Palatine, p. v. in Putnam co., 111., 4 mis. from Tonica. Mount Parnal, p. o. in Franklin co.. Pa. Mount Parthenon, p. o. in Newton co., Ark. Mount Perry, p. o. in Perry co., Ohio. Mount Pinson, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Ala. Mount Pisg'ah, p. o. in White co.. Ark. Mount Pisg-ah, p. o. in La Grange co., Ind. Mount Pis^ah, p. o. in Harrison co., Iowa. Mount Pisgah, p. o. in Alexander co., N. C. Mount Pisgah, p. v. in Clermont co., Ohio, 5 mis. N. E. of New Richmond. Mount Pisgah, p. o. in Clay co., Tenn. Mount Pisgah, p. v. in Monroe co.. Wis., 18 mis. from Sparta. Mount Pitt, a lofty pk. of the Cascade Mts., in .Jackson co., Oreg.; lies W. of Upper Klamath Lake. Mount Pleasant, p. o. in Monroe co., Ala. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Searcy co.. Ark. Pop., 167. Mouut Pleasant, p. y. in New Castle co., Del., on the Delaware R. R., 21 mis. S. S. W. of Wilmington. Pop. about 100. Mount Pleasant, p. o. in Gadsden CO., Fla. Mount Pleasant, p. o. iu Union co.. 111. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Whitesides co., 111. Pop., 2,.5.53. Mount Pleasant, p. o. in Perry co., Ind. Mount Pleasant, tn. iu Delaware CO., Ind. Pop., 1,880. *Mount Pleasant, city, and the co. seat ot Henry co., Iowa, in a curve of Big Cr., on the Burlington & Missouri R. R., 28 mis. N. W. of Burlington. Center of a large trade, and seat of the State Insane Asylum, Mt. Pleasant Seminary, VVhittier College and the Wesleyan University. Pop., 4,245. Four newspapers. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Atchison co., Kans. Pop., 1,344. Mount Pleasant, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Atchison. Mount Pleasant, p. o. in Caldwell parish, La. Mount Pleasant, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 6 mis. from Frederick. *Mount Pleasant, p. v. and the co. seat of Isabella co., Mich., on Chippawa R., 40 mis. W. of Bay City; in the midst of a lumber re- gion. One newspaper. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Wabasha co., Minn., Pop., (!42. Mouut Pleasant, p. v. in Jlarshall co., Miss. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Lawrence co., Mo. Poj)., l,S.i3. Mount Pleasant, p. o. in Gentry co.. Mo. Mount Pleasant, v. in Miller co., Mo., 19mls. from California. Pop., 122. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Scotland co.. Mo. Pop., lj23U. Mount Pleasant, tn in Bates co.. Mo. Pop., 2,688. Mount Pleasaiit, tn. in Cass co., Nebr. Pop., 712. Mount Pleasant, p. o. In the above tn. Mount Pleasant, a pk. of the White Mts., in Coos CO., N. H., 4,764 feet above the sea. Mount Pleasant, p. v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., o}4 mis. from Milford. Mount Pleasant, p. o. in Oswego, co., N. Y. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 5,210. Mouut Pleasant, p. v. in Cabarrus co., N. C, 6 mis. from Concord. MOUNT PLEASANT. 606 MOUNT VERNON. M oant Pleasant, v. in Hamilton CO., Oliio, 5 nils, from Locklancl. The p. o. is Mount Ilualtliv. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Jefferson co., Ohio, •Mount Pleasant, p. v. in tlie above tn., 9 nils, from Maitinsville. Pop., 563. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 1,95-2. Mount Pleasant, v. in Centre co., Pa., on the Tyrone and Clearfield Branch of the Pennsyl- vania Central 11. li., 10 mis. from Tyrone. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Columbia co.. Pa. Pop., 751. Mouut Pleasant, tn. in Washington co., Pa. Pop., 1,3-21. Mount Pleasant, tn. in "Wayne co., Pa. Pop., 1,'J5-2. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Westmoreland, co., Pa. Pop., -2,547. Mouut Pleasant, p. bor. in above tn., on the Mt. Pleasant Branch of the Pittsburgh, Washington & Baltimore R. K., 11 mis. N. of Broad Ford. Pop., 717. • Mount Pleasant, p. o. in Laurens district, •S. c. Mount Pleasant, p. v. in Maury co., Tenn., U nils, from Columbia. Mount Pleasant, p. v. and the co. seat of Titus CO., Tex., 80 mis N. W. of Shreveport, La. Pop., '275. One newspaper. Monnt Pleasant, p. v. in San Pete co., Utah, in the San Pete Valley, and '29 mis. S. E. of Nephi. Pop., 1,316. Mouut Pleasant, p. o. in Spottsylvania co., Va. Mount Pleasant, p. o. in Webster co., W. Va. Mount Pleasant, tn. in Kacine co., Wis. Pop., 3,.560. Monnt Pleasant', tn. in Green co., Wis. Pop., l,liU. Mount Pleasant Mills, p. v. in Snyder CO., Pa., 10 mis. S. W. of Seliu's Grove. Mount Prospect, p. o. in Crawford co., Ind, Mount Pulaski, tn. in Logan co., 111. Pop., 1,910. ♦Mount Pulaski, p. v. in the above tn., on the Glliuan, Clinton & Springfield R. R., and the Pekin IJranch of the Toletlo, AVabash & Western R. R., '21 mis. N. W. of Decatur. Monnt Rainier, a lofty pk. of the Cascade Mts., in Pierce co.. Wash. Ter., 1-2,360 feet high. Mouut Read, p. o. in Monroe co., N. Y. Mount Repose, p. o. in Clermont co., Ohio. Mount Riga, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Mount Roek, p. o. in Cumljerland co.. Pa Mount Ross, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Monnt Roy, p. o. in Brown co., Kans. Monnt Royal, p. o. in Y'ork co.. Pa. Mount Rozell, p. o. in Limestone co., Ala. Mount Saieui, p. o. in Sussex co., K. J. Mount San Bernardino, a pk. of the San Bernardino Mis., in Los Angeles co., Cal.; has an elevation of 11,600 feet above the sea. Mount Savage, p. o. in Carter co., Ky. Mount Savage, p. v. in Alleghany co., Md., on the Cumbi.rlaiul & Pennsylvania R. R., 10 mis. N. W. of Cumberland. Mount Skasta, p. o. in Siskij'ou co., Cal. Mount Shasta, in Siskiyou co., Cal.; is the highest pk. of a group of mountains lying between Klamath R. and Saeranu-nto R., and forming the eonnectiug link between the Sierra Nevada aud the Cascade Mts. It is an extinct volcano of regular form and 14,44'2 feel in height aljovc the sea. Its slopes are well timbered up to 8,000 feet), while the sum- mit is covered with perpetual snow. Mount Silverlieels. a pk. of the Rocky Mts., in Lake eo., Colo. Ter.; has an elevation of 13,650 ft-et al)Ove the sea. Mount St. Helena, a pk. of the Coast Ranges in Cal.; is situated about 35 mis. X. of San Pablo B., on the boundary between Lake and Napa cos. Monnt St. Helens, a pk. of the Cascade Mts., in Skamania CO., Wash. Ter., due W. of Mt. Adams. It is 9,750 feet high. Monnt St. Jolins, a pk. in the Coast Ranges of Cal.; is situated neiir the source of the Eel R., and on the- boundary between Lake, Men- docino and Colusa cos. Mount Shearman, p. o. in La Rue co., Ky. Mount Sidney, v. in Jackson co., Ind., 9 mis. from Brownstown. Mount Sidney, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., 10 mis. N. E. of Staunton. Mount Sinai, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., near the X. shore of Long Island and 5 mis. E. of Port Jefferson. Mount Solon, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., 18mls. N. of Staunton. Mouut Sterling-, p. o. in Choctaw co., Ala. Mount Sterling, tn. in Brown co., 111. Pop., '2,703. *Monnt Sterling, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. Seat, oa the Toledo, Wabash & West- ern R. R., 74 mis. N. by W. of Springfield; commands the trade of an excellent neighbor- hood. Pop., 1,354. Two newspapers. Mount Sterling, p. o. in Switzerland co., Ind, Monnt Sterling, p. v. in Van Buren co., Iowa, on the Burlington & Southwestern R. R., 12 mis. from Parmington. Pop. about 100. *Mount Sterling, p. v. and the co. seat of Montgomery co., Ky., on the Western Divi- sion of the Elizabethtown, Lexington & Big Sandy R. R., 33 mis. E. of Lexington. Pop., 1.040. One newspaper. Mount Sterling, tn. in Pettis co., Mo. Pop., 6,305. Mount Sterling, p. o. in Haywood co., N. C. Mount Sterling, p. v. in jNladison co., Ohio, on Deer Cr., '20 uUs. S. W. of Columbus. Pop., 3S9. One newspaper. Mount Sterling, v. in Muskingum CO., Ohio. Pop., 210. Mount Sterling, \i. v. in Crawford co.. Wis., 2ii inls. N. N. K. of Prairie du Chien. Mount Storm, p. o. in Grant co., W. V'a. Mount Sunapce, a pk. in Merrimack CO., Jf. II., 4,6-20 feet ahove the sea. Mount Suininit, p. o. in Heni'y CO., Ind. Mount Sylvan, p. o. in Smith eo., Tex. Monnt Tabor, p. o. in Forsyth co., N. C. Monnt Tabor, tn. in Rutland CO., Vt. Pop., .'iOl. Mount Tabor, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Mount Tirzah, p. o. in Person co., N. C. Mount Tom, a pk. in Hampshire co., Mass.; E. of Connecticut R. Mount Top, p. o. in York co., Pa. Mount Tyndall, a pk. of the Sierra Nevada, in Inyo co., Cal.; has an elevation above the sea of 14,386 feet. Monnt Flla, p. o. in Rowan co., N. C. Mount Union, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio, 2 mis. S. W. of Alliance. Pop., 315. Mount Union, p. v. in Huntingdon co., Pa., on the Juniata R., the Pennsylvania Central R. R. aud Pennsylvania Canal, 12 mis. S. E. of Huntinjidon. Pop., 535. Mount Upton, p. v. in Chenango co., N. Y., on the New Berlin Branch of the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 15 mis. from New Ber- lin. Pop. about '200. Monnt Vernon, p. v. and the co. seat of Washington eo., Ala., on the Tombigbee R., 90 mis. N. of Mobile. Mount Vernon, tn. in Benton co.. Ark. Pop., 40 i. * Mount Vernon, p. v. and the co. seat of ^lontgomers; eo., Ga., near the Oconee K.,aad ^5 mis. S. S. E. of Milledgeville. Monnt Vernon, p. o. in Jefferson co.,Colo. Ter. *Monnt Vernon, p. v. and the co. seat ot Jefferson co., 111., on the St. Louis & South- eastern R. R., 76 mis. S. E. of St. Louis : has a large general manufacturing business' and MOUNT VERNON. 607 MOWER. considerable trade. Pop., 1,167. Three news- papers. *Mouiit Vernon, p. v. and the co. seat of Pose.v CO., Ind., on the Ohio R. and on the St. Louis & Southeastern R. R., 142 mis. S. E. of St. Louis and 18 nils. W. of Evansville ; has manufactories and a large river commerce. Pop., 2,Sso. Three newspapers. Monnt Vernon, tn. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,035. ♦Mount Vernon, p. v. in Linn co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & North- western R. R., 16 mis. E. of Cedar Rapids and 203 mis. W. of Chicago. Enjoys a vigorous trad. Muddy Bayou, tn. in Conway co.. Ark. Pop., 58.3. Muddy Creek, p. o. in Pueblo co., Colo. Ter. Muddy Creek, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Muddy Creek, tn. in Butler CO., Pa. Pop., 972. Muddy Creek, p. o. iu Loudon co., Tenn. Muddy Creek, p. o. in Preston co., W. Va. Muddy Creek Fork, p. o. in Tork co.. Pa. Muddy Fork, tn. in Pike co.. Ark. Pop., 477. Muddy Fork, p. o. in Clai'ke co., Inrt. Muddy Fork, p. o. in Cleveland co., N. C. Muddy I..ake, p. o. in Livingston co.. Mo. Mud I.ick, p. o. in Jefferson CO., Ind. Mud Lick, p. o. in Monroe co., Ky. Mud I>lck, p. o. iu Chatham co., N. C. Muhleuburgh, co. in Kv.; W. central part. Area,.'')l.isq. mis. Pop., 12,(J3S ; in 1860, 10,725. The surface is uneven; the soil generally fertile. Coal and iron abound. Green R. and its tribu- tary. Muddy II., wash the eastern border, and Long Cr. forms the western boundary. The Owensborough & Russellville R. R. intersect the N. part of tlie co. G reenville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 36,544 bush.; rye, 77 bush.; Indian-corn, 3(54,513 bush.; oats, 8(i,SS0bush.; Irish pot's, 9,195 bush.: sweet pot's, 10,689bush.; tobacco, 1,821,988 lbs.; butter, 7(5,389 lbs.; hay, 2,615 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,- 645,030. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $655,0.i9. Value of manufactures, $109,008. Mutaleuburgli,tn.in Pickaway co., Ohio, Pop., 957. Mulileiiburg-h, p. o. in Luzerne CO., Pa. Mulilenburg'li, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., J, .547. *Mujr, p. V. in Ionia CO., Mich., on the Maple R. and on tlie Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., 6 mis. E. of Ionia, the co. seat. A thriving place •with local manufacturing interests. Pop. about 700. One newspaper. Muirkirk, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md., on the "Washington Brancli of the Baltimore & Oliio R. R., 3 nils. S. W. of Laurel Eactory. Muirton, p. o. in Grundy co., Mo. Mukilte«», p. o. in Snohomish co., Wash. Ter. Mukna, tn. in Waujiaca co., Wis. Po))., 1,819. Muk^vonago, tn. in Waukesha CO., Wis. Pop., 1,2(51. Mukwouag;o, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. S. of Waukesha. Mulberry, p. o. in Autauga co., Ala. Mulberry, tn. in Eranklin co., Ark. Pop., 1,280. Mulberry, tn. in Johnson co.. Ark. Pop., 341. Mulberry, p. o. in Jackson co., Ga. Mulberry, p. v. in Clinton co., Ind., lOmls. N. K. of Frankfort. Mulberry, p. o. in Saline co., Kans. Mulberry, p. v. in Bates co.. Mo. Mulberry, p.o.in Wilkes Co., N. C. Mulberry, p. o. in the v. of Newberry, Cler- mont CO., Ohio. Mulberry, p. o. in Yorkco, Pa. Mulberry, p. v. in Lincoln co., Tenn., 8 mis. fiom Eayetieville. Pop., 124. Mulberry Corners, p. v. in Geauga co., Ohio, H mis. S. .S. E. of Willougliby. Mulberry iaap, p. o. in Hancock co., Tenn. Mulberry Orove, p. o. in Harris co., Ga. Mulberry Orove, tn. in Bond co., 111. Pop., l,73s. Mulberry Grove, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Ivouis, Vandalia & Terre Haute R. R. Mulberry Grove, p. o. in Crawford co.,Kaus, Mulberry River, a small tributary of the Arkansas R., in N. W. Ark.; has its sources in. Madison and Johnson cos., and empties iu Franklin co. Muldou, p. V. in Monroe co.. Miss., at the junction of the Aberdeen Branch with the main line of the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 15 mis. S. of Okolona. Mule Creek, p. o. in Cumberland co., 111. Mule Creek, p. o. in Gonzales co., Tex. Mulkeytown, p. o. in Franklin co., 111. Mnllica, tu. in Atlantic co., N. J. Pop., 2,265i Mullet Iiake, p. o. in Cheboygan co., Mich. Mull Grove, p. o. in Catawba co., N. C. Mulliea Hill, p. v. in Gloucester co., N. J., 6 mis. S. W. of Mantua. Mulliea, or I/ittle Egg Harbor River, in N. J., forms the boundary between Burling. ton and Atlantic cos., and empties into Great B. It is formed by the confluence of several small branches. Mnlllns, V. in Kenton co., Ky., on the Licking R. and the Kentucky Central R. R., 21 mis. S, of Covington. The p. o. is Morning View. Mnllin's Depot, p. v. in Marion district, S. C, on the Wilmington & Weldon R. R., 79 mis. from Wilmington. Pop. about l()\). Mulloy's, p. o. in Robertson co., Tenn. Multnomah, co. in Oreg., N. W.part. Pop., 11,510; in 1800, 4,1.50. This co. is bounded on the E. by the Cascade Mts., and on the N. by the Columbia R. The Willain(;tte R. inter- sects the western part, flowing through a rich alluvial valley and joining the Columbia near the N. W. corner. Portland is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 5,003 bush.; Imlian-corn, 1,473 bush.; oats, 11,882 bush.; Irish pot's, 60,430 bush.; butter, 115,549 lbs.; hay, 6,138 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,188,950. To'tal, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock,etc., $318,- 839. Value of manufactures, $2,(598,817. Munible-tiie-peg, tn. in Nicholas co., W. Va. Pop.. 99i5. BXuuiford, p. V. in Monroe co., N. Y., 1)4 mie. from Caledonia. Muininasburgli, p. v. in Adams co., Pa., 5 mis. N. W. of Gettysburgh. Mumre l.nnd, p. 6. in Kandiyohi CO., Minn. *Muncie, p. v. and the co. se'at of Delaware CO., Ind., on White R. and on the Indianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincin- nati & Iiidianapolis R. R., and the Fort Wayne, Muncie & Cincinnati R. R., 65 nils. S. oU Fori Wayne and 54 N..E. of Indianapolis; has a large manufacturing inteiest and extensive local trade. Pop., 2,992; in 18G0, 1,776. Four newspapers. Muncie, p. o. in Wyandotte co., Kans. Muncie Center, tn. in Delaware co., Ind. Muncy, tn. in Lycoming co., Pa. Pop., 97S. *Muncy, p. bor. in Lycoming co.. Pa., on the West Branch of Susquehanna R., at mouth of Muncy Cr. and opposite Muncv Station on. Phil.adelpliia & Erie R. R., 28 mis". N. of Sun- bury and 12 S. E. of Willianisijort. The Mater-power of the Cr. is utilized in manu- facturing. Large lumber and produce trade. Pop., 1,040. One newspaper. Muncy Bottom, p. o. in Sullivan co.. Pa. Muncy Creek, tn. in Lvcomingco., Pa., Pop., 1,510. Muncy .Station, p. v. in Lj'-coming co., Pa., on the Sustiuehanna 11., opjiosite Muncv and the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 28 mis. N. of Sunlmry. Mundy, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,371. Mnndy, ji. o. in the above tn. Munforcl, p. v. in Talladega CO., Ala., on the Selina, Rome & Alton R. R., 25 mis. from Jack- sonville. MunTordsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Hart CO., Ky., on Green R. and on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 73 mis. S. S. W. of Louisville. Pop., 249. MUNGEN. 609 MUSCONETCONG EIVER. niangen, p. o. in Wood co., Ohio. Slang'erville, p. v. in Shiawassee co., Mich., on the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., 8 mis. VV. of Coruuua. Mnnisiug', p. v. in Schoolcraft co., Mich., on Lake Superior, 5 mis. E. of Onota. Munisstiig:, tn. in Mai'quotte co., Mich. Pop., 7'J'J. 9IunnsviIIe, p. o. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Muiison, tn. in Henrj' co.. 111. Pop., 1,171. Muiintuwii, p. V. in Washington co., Pa.,11 luls. N. K. of Washington. HI uusoii, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 795. Sluiisoii, tn. in Geauga co., Ohio. Pop., 761. Munsoiiville, p. v. in Cheshire Co., N. H., 11 mis. from Keene. Musister, p. o. in La Salle co.. 111. Minister, tn. in Cambria co., Pa. Pop., 59S. Mjsiister, p. o. in the above tii. Muusville, p. V. in Madison co., N. Y., on the New Vork & Oswego Midland R. R., 9 mis. S. ofOneiila. Pop., 313. Muiiterville, p. o. in Wapello co., Iowa. Miirdock, p. o. in Butler co., Kans. Murdock, p. v. in Warren co., Ohio, 3)4 nils. from Loveland. 9Iur., 1,078. Muskingum River, a ti-ibutary of the Ohio R., in Oliio ; is formed by the confluence ot the Walhonding and Tuscarawas Rs., whicli join near Coshocton; has a S. S. E. course and empties near Marietta ; it is navigable as far as Zanesville. 9Iusquito Gnlcli, p. o'. in Calaveras co., Cal. Mussy, tn. in Saint Clair co., Mich. Pop., 1,117. Mutual, p. V. in Champaign co., Ohio, 4J4 mis. troni Median icsburgh. Myatt, tn. in Fulton co.. Ark. Pop., 510. Myatte, tn. in Howell co., Mo. Pop., 421. Myatt's Mills, p. o. in Wake co., N. C. Myers, p. o. in Howard co.. Mo. Myersburgh, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., 2 mis. N. E. of Wysox. Myer's Vailey, p. o. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. Myersville, v. in Vermillion co., 111., on the East Fork of the Kaskaskia R., 10 mis. N. of Danville. Myersville, p. v. in Frederick co.,Md.,13mls. from Frederick. Pop., 139. Myersville, p. o. iu#Williamsburgh district, S. c. Myra, p. o. in Washington co.. Wis. Myrickville, p. v. in Bristol co., Mass., on the Old Colony R. R. and the New Bedford & Taunton R. R., lli< mis. N. X. E. of Fall River. Myron, p. v. in Allamakee co., Iowa, 6 mis. from Postville. Myrtle, p. v. in Knox co.. Mo., H mis. from Edina. Myrtle Creek, p. o. in Douglas co., Greg., 16 mis. from Roseburgh. Mystic, p. V. in New London co., Conn., 3 mis. N. of Mystic Bridge. ♦Mystic Bridge, p. v. in New London co., Conn., on Long Island Sound and the Shore Line Division of the New York & New Haven R. R., 9 mis. E. of New London. Mystic River, p. o. in the v.. of West llystic, in New London co.. Conn., on Long Island Sound and the Shore Line Division o the New York & New Haven R. R., 8 mis. F- 1 New LoikToii. Mystic River, a small stream in New L . ..don CO., Conn.; empties into Long Island Sound between the two above villages. The island lying off its mouth is a quiet summer resort. NAAUSEY. 611 NAPA CITY. N. Kaausey, tn . in Kendall co., 111. Pop., 918. Naches, p. o In Houston co., Tex. Nachnsa, p. v. in Lee co.. 111., on the Chicago & Noithwestevn R. R., 5 mis. E. of Dixon. Kacogdoclies, co. in Tex., E. part. Area, 52.5 sq. nils. Pop., 9,614 ; in 18C0, S,2d-2. It occupies the section of country between the Angelina U. in the S. and W., and Attoyac Cr. in the E., and is drained by the attiuents of these streams. The surface is undulating and the soil very productive. Nacogdoclies is the co. seat. Agr. productions in J870: Wheat, 100 hush.; Indian-corn, 217,861 biish.; oats, 1,166 bush.; Irish pot's, 150 bush.; sweet pot's, .3'),- 113 bush.; cotton, 4,.531 bales; butter, 62,334 lbs. Cash value of farms, !S19;),311. Total, es- timated, value of all farm protluctions, in- cludingadditions to stock, etc., $5o8,104. Value of manufactures, $23,275. STacogilocIies, p. v. and the co. seat of the above co., on a small affluent of the Angelina R., 67 mis. S. S. W. of JNIarshall and 53 mis. N. E. of Crocket. It is surrounded by a rich ag- ricultural section. Pop., 500. Nacoochee, p. o. in White co., Ga. NaflTs, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Nahant, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 475. Kaiiant, p. v. in the above tn., on Massachu- setts a., 5 mis. S. of Lynn, and 12 mis. E. of Boston. It is situated "on the rocky peninsula of Nahant and has several summer hotels. Nail's €reel€, p. o. in IJanks co., Ga. 'Nairn, p. o. in Scioto co., Ohio. Nallie^an River, a tributary of the Connec- ticui II. in Essex co., V't. Namaqua, p. v. in Larimer co., Colo. Ter., 25 mis. from Evans. Nnmur, p. o. in Door co.. Wis. Nanafalia, p. o. in Marengo co., Ala. Nancy, p. o. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. Naiijemoy, p. v. in Charles co.. Bid., on an in- let of the Potomac R. and 26 mis. from Port 1. >bacco. nliin, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 2,955. ~kin, p. V. in the above tn.; 8 mis. from 1 . ..yne. Nanliin, p. o. in the v. of Orange, in Ashland CO., Ohio. Naniiic, p. o. in Floyd co., Ga. Naii««einoii. v. in Luzerne co.. Pa., on the East Branch of the Susquehanna R. and 2 mis. S. E. of West Nanticoke. Naiiticoke River rises in Kent co., Del.; flows in a S. W. direction through Sussex co., Del.; forms the boundary between Dorcliester and Somerset cos., Md", and empties into Dela- ware B. Nantucket, co. in Mass., S. E. part. Area al)out 60 sq. mis. Pop., 4,123 ; in 1860, 6,094. It comprises Nantucket Island, Muskeget Island and Tuckernuck Island, lying in the Atlantic Ocean. The surface is level or slightlj' undu- lating ; the soil sandy and but moderately ' productive. Nantucket is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 10 bush.; rye, 117 bush.; Indian-corn, 7,921 bush.; oats,2,045bush.; Irish pot's, 7,424 bush,; butter, 29,838 lbs.; hay, 2,177 tons. Cash value of farms, $123,360. 'JTotal, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $108,203. Value of manufactures, $96,768. Nantnckct, tn. in the above co. Pop., 4,123. *Nantueket, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the N. coast of Nantucket Island. Engaged in coast trade anil whale, cod and mackerel fishing. One newspaper. Naiiuet, p. V. in Rockland co., N. Y., on the Piermont Branch of the Erie R. R., 11 mis. W. of Piermont. Naniini, p. o. in Y'akima CO., Wash. Ter. Naomi, p. o. in Walker co., Ga. Napa, CO., in Cal., central part. Area, 703 sq. mis. Pop., 7,163; in 1860, 6,521. In the S. it borders on the Bay of San Pablo. The Maya- camas Mts., including Mt. St. Helena (4,343 feet), form part of the northern boundary. Several of the coast ranges travei'se the co., separating the valleys, with their broad and fertile bottoms, from each other. The valley of NapaCr. isthericheetof them and is almost entirely covered with substantial farms, gar- dens, orchards and vineyards. In its N. sec- tion are the famous Ca'listoga Springs and the White Sulphur Springs, both famous re- sorts for invalids. Bereyesa Valley, through which Putah Cr. flows, is in the N. E. portion of the CO. The principal products are the cereals, fruits and wine. A railroad has been constructed from Vallejo, on San Pablo B., to Calistoga, on Napa R. The co. seat is Napa. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 264,240 bush.; rye, 1,2.50 bush.; Indian-corn, 10,190 bush.; oats, 3,780 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,458 bush.; sweet pot's, 785 bush.; wool 20,789 lbs.; butter, 56,860 lbs.; hay, 4,,555 tons. Cash valiie of farms, .$1,993.1 90. Total, estimated, value of all farm procluc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $r)ijy,- 846. Value of manufactures, $139,510. Napa, tn. in the above co. Pop., 3,791. *Napa €ity, p. v. and the co seat of Napa co., Cal., on Napa R. and on Napa Valley Branch of the California Pacific R. R., 14 mis. N. of Vallejo and 37 mis. N. E. of San Francisco, with which it is connected by a line ot steam- NAPANOCK. 612 NASHVILLE. ers. It exports wines anrl agricultural pro- rtucts. In the vicinity are extensive vine- yards. Poi3., 1,879. Two newspapers. Napanock, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., 24 mis. tVom Montgomery. BTapervlHe, tn. in Dxi Page co., 111. Pop., 1, ■-'.'(;. ♦Naperville, p. v. In the above tn., on Du Page R. and on tlie Chicago, liurlington & Quincy 11. R., 30 mis. W. S. W. of Chicago. Pop., 1,713. One newspaper. Kapier, tn. in Bedford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,825. Naples, tn. in Scott co., 111. Pop., .'597. *3faples, p. V. in the ahoye tn., on the main line and the Naples Branch of the Toledo, AVabash & Western R. R., bo nils, from Spring- field; lies in a rich agricultural district. Pop., 597. Naples, tn. in Cumberland co., Me. Pop., 1,058. 9iapl«s, p. V. in the above tn.. on Long Pond and :il}4 inls. N. W. of Portland. Naples, tn. in Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 2,188. *Naples, p. V. in the above tn., on Canandai- gna inlet, 4 mis. from the lake and 18 mis. S. of Canandaigua. Pop., 902. One newspaper. Naples, tn. in Buffalo co., Wis. Pop., 1,009. *Napoleoii, p. v. ami the co. seat of Oesha co., Ark., on the Mississippi R., at the mouth of the Arkansas R., 125 nils. S. E. of Little Rock, with which it is connected by a line of steam- ers. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. Napoleon, p. v. iu Ripley co., Ind., 7 mis. from Osgood. Napoleon, p. o. in Gallatin co., Ky. Napoleon, tn. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 1,030. Napoleon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Jack- son Branch of the Lake Shore & Michigan R. R., 1014 mis E. S. E. of Jackson. Napoleon, p. o. in the v. of Lisbon in La Fay- ette CO., Mo., on the Missouri R., 8 mis. from Camden. Napoleon, tn. in Henry co., Ohio. Pop., 3,331. *Napoleon, p. v. and "tlie co. seat of Henry CO., Ohio, on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., and the Manmee River, Wabash & Erie Canal, 36 mis. from Toledo. Has fine water- power, several manufactories and consider- able produce trade. Pop., 2,018. Two news- papers. Napoleonville, v. in Assumption parish. La., on Bayou La Fourche. Has a large trade in sugar and molasses. One newspaper. Napoli, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1,174. Napoli, p. v. in the above tn., 6 nils, from Ran- dolph. Naponee, p. o. in Franklin co., Nebr. Narniozine, tn. in Dinwiddle co., Va. Pop., 3.310. Narragansett, p. o. in Washington co., R. I. Narragransett Bay- in R. I.; extends 28 mis. N. & S. from the Atlantic Ocean and is from 5 to 12 mis. wide. It receives Blackstone and Taunton Rs. and includes several islands, as Rhode Island, from which the state was nameil,Canonicut Island and Prudence Island. Narra^ansett Pier, p. v. in Washington co., R. 1., on the Atlantic Ocean and 7 mis. S.E.of Kingston. Narrows, p. o. in Livingston co., Kj-. Narrows, p. o. in Giles eo., Va. Narrows, tn. in Macon co.. Mo. Pop., 1,132. N arrows t>arg:ti, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., on the Delaware R. and on the Erie R. R., 35 mis. from Port Jervis. Pop. about 400. Narrows Creek, )). o. in Macon co.. Mo. Nasawapce, tn. m Door co., Wis. Pop., 34(5. Nasawaupu, tn. in Door co.. Wis. Pop., 346. Nasby, p. o. in Sarpy co., Nebr. Nasby, p. v. in Clinton co.. Pa. Nash, CO. in N. C, N. E. central part. Area about 370 sq. mis. Pop., 11,077; in 1860.11,687. The surface is generally level or but slightly rolling. Fishing R. forms the northern boun- darj'. Tar R. and its affluents intersect the co from W. to E. The soil is in some parts sandy and but moderately productive. Nashville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8.046 bush.; rye, 83 bush.; Indian-corn, ]52,.'506 bush.; oats, 14,336 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,102bush.; sweet pot's, 24,907 bush.; butter, 1,173 lbs.; cot- ton, 3,697. Cash value of farms, $608,289. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $534,590. Value of manufactures, $3,500. Nash Depot, p. o. in Vanderburgh co.. Ind. Nashota Mission, p. v. in Waukesha co , Wis., on the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 2 mis. W. of Oconomowoc. Nashport, p. o. in Muskingum co., Ohio, near the Licking R., on the Ohio & Erie Canal and on the Central Ohio Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 9 mis. N. W. of Zanesville. Nashna, tn. m Ogle co., III. Pop., 483. ^Nashua, p. v. in Chickasav,' co., Iowa, on the Cedar Falls & Minnesota R. R , and the Red Ct.'dar R., 30 mis. above Cedai Falls. Pop., 817. One newspaper. ^Nashna, city in liillsborough CO., N. H., at eonfluenct! of Nashua & Merriraac Rs., and on Boston, Lowell & Na.shua R. R., 40 mis. N. N. W. of Boston. It is also the N. terminus of the Worcester* Nashua R. R.,and the South- ern terminus of the Concord River R. R. The Nashua R. atfords excellent water-power, w'liieh is employed in manufacturing cotton goods, steam-engines, mechanics' tools and agricultural implements. Pop., 10,513; in 1860, 10,043; being the third City in the state in size. Four new.spapers. Nashua River, a tributary of the Merrimac 11^; rises in Woi'cester co., Mass , and flowing N\ E. empties at the citj' of Nashua. Nashville, p. o. in Hempstead co.. Ark. Nashville, p. o. in El Dorado co., Cal. Nashville, p. v. and the eo. seat of Berrien CO., Ga., 28 nils. N. E. of Lawton. *Nashville, p. v. and the co. seat of Wash, ington CO., 111., on the St. Louis & Southeast- ern R. R., 49 mis. S. E. of St. Louis. Center ol trade for a rich prairie region. Pop., 1,640. Two newspapers. *Nashville, p. v. and co. seat of Brown CO., Ind., 20 mis. W. of Columbus and 35 mis. S. of Indianapolis. ILis trade in hops and agricul- tural produce. Pop., 270. One newspaper. Nashville, p. o. in Jackson co., Iowa. ♦Nashville, p. v. in Barry co., Mich., on the Grand River Valley Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 12 liils. from Hastings, the co. seat. Pop., 642. One newspaper. Nashville, tn. in Martin co., Minn. Pop., 508. Nashville, tn. in 15arton co.. Mo. Pop., 466. Nashville, p. o. in the above tn. Nashville, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Nashville, p. v. in c;haiitauqua co., N. Y., 1 mle. from the Erie R. R. and 4 mis. "W. of Per- rysbuigli. Nashville, p. v. and the co. seat of Nasli co., N. C, 12 nils, from Rocky Mount. Nashville, p. v. in Holmes co., Ohio, 4 mis. from Lakeville. Pop., 208. ♦Nashville, city, the eo. .seat of Davidson co., Tenn., and tlie capital of the state, on the Cumberland R., 205 mis. from its mouth and 230 mis. E. N. E. of Memphis. It is also on the Loui.sville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R.; is the S. E. terminus of the Nashville & North- western R. R., the W. terminus of the Ten- nessee & Pacific R. R. and the N. W. terminus of the Nashville & Chattanooga R. R. The river is navigable to this point during high water, and at such times the city is the center of an active commerce. Nashville is noted for its elegant streets, beautiful residences and commanding public edifices. The capitul building stands on an eminence 175 feet above the river, is of fine proportions and built of a beautiful limestone or marble found on the NASHVILLE CENTRE. 613 NAZARETH. spot. The other noteworthy public build- ings are the State Penitentiary, 300 by 50 feet, containing 200 cells; tlie University of Nash- ville, with which is connected a medical col- lege and sev.eral female seminaries. The city is growing in importance as a manufactur- ing center, having several new cotton mills and investing largely in the coal and iron re- sources of the surrounding section. Pop., 25,- 8t>5;in 1S60, 13,0i3, making it the second city in population, as it is in commercial import- ance, in the state. It has 23 newspapers, the leading of which are the " Union and Ameri- can," '' llepublican Banner" and "Nashville Demokrat." NashTille Centre, p. o. in Martin co., Minn. Kason's ^Stills, p. o. in York co., Me. Nasoiiville, p. o. in Wood co., Wis. Nassau, CO. in Fla., N. E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 4,2-47; in 18(50, 3,(;i-t. The surface is level ; the soil sandy. This co. forms the N. E. extremity of the state. It lies between the Atlantic Ocean on the E. and Ga. on tlie N. and W., from which it is separated by St. Mary's B. The Florida R. R. passes through the central part from S. W. to N. E. Feriian- dina is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Oats, 75 bush.; Indian-corn, •24,0.')8 bush.; Irish pot's, 555 bush.; sweet pot's, 17,y the people in 1866, and in Januarj^, 1867, Nebraska was admitted into the Union as a state. The executive power is vested in a Gov- ernor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, Treasurer, and Auditor. These officers are elected for two years, except the Auditor, who is elected for four years. The Legislature consists of a Senate atd a House of Representatives. The former hai* 13 members, the latter 29 members. All male citi- zens of the United States, who have resided 6 months in the State, and ten days in ti^e district m which they offer to vote, are legal electors. The Judiciary comprises a Supreme Court, District Courts, Probate Courts, and Justices of the Peace. The Supreme Court consists of a Chief Justice and two Associate .Justices, elected for a period of 6 years. The state is divided into three judicial' districts, in each of which one of the supreme court justices holds District Court Sessions. Nebraska is divided into the following coun- ties : Adams, Antelope, Arapahoe, Black Bird, Boone, Buffiilo, Burt, Butler, Cass, Cedar, Cheyenne, Clay, Colfax, Citming, Dakota, Daw- son," Dixon, Dodge, Douglas, Fillmore, Frank- lin, Gage, Hall, Hamilton, Harlan, Howard, James, Jefferson, .Johnson, Kearney, Lancaster, Knox, Lincoln, Madison, Merrick, Nemaha, Nuckolls, Otoe, Pawnee, Pierce, Platte, Polk, Red Willow, Richardson, Saline, Sarpy, Saund- ers, Seward, Stanton, Thayer, Valley, Wash- ington, Wayne, Webster, York. The state capital is Lincoln, 2,441 inhabitants. The most important cities, with their popula- tion, are Omaha, 16^042 ; Nebraska City, 6;050 ; Plattsmouth, 1,954; Brownville, 1,305, and Tre- mont, l,l!i.>. Nebraska, tn. in Livingston co., 111. Pop., 1,162. Nebraska, p. v. in Jennings co., Ind., on the Ohio and Mississippi R. Nebraska, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 620. Nebraska, v. in Pottawattamie co., Iowa. Nebraska, p. o. in the v. of Hedges Store in Pickaway co., Ohio, 4 mis. from Millport. Nebraska, p. o. in Forest co., Pa. Nebraska, p. o. in JelTerson co., Tenn. Nebraska, ]). o. in Appomattox co., Va. *Nebraska City, co. seat of Otoe co., Nebr.,' on the Missouri R., at Junction of Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R. with Burlington & Missouri River R. R. and E. ter- minus of Midland Pacific R. R., 86 mis. S. by E. of Omaha and 58 mis. E. of Lincoln. Has a large and growing business interest. Pop., 6,0.50 ; in 1860, 1,915. Five newspapers. Necedali, tn. in .Juneau co., Wis. Pop., 1,186. *Nece4y in Eng- land, 5,035 in Ireland and 2,1 U in Germany. In all classes of occupations were engaged 26,911 persons, viz.: 2,070 in agriculture, 7,431 in personal and professional services, 3,021 in trade and transportation and 13,789 in mining, me- chajiical tradesjind manufactures. Mineral.^ and2Iinia(/. — Nev. is preeminently a minin;? state. In 1872 it produced nearly one- half of all the bullion produced W. of the Mis. souri R. Tlie state then had 162 mills and fur- naces, with l,90t stamps, and capable of reduc- ing daily 5,18;} tons of ore. Tlu; mills turned out, for 187), $520,010,175, and for 1872,.'5i23,719,212 iu gold and silver bullion, besides several thou- sand tons of le.ad, copper and antimony. The cos. which produced more than $1,000,000 in bul- lion in 1871 were the following : Lander, 42,09-.),- 014 ; Lincoln. ^i,604,S33 ; Storey, $10,644,704 ; White Pine, $1,223,26(;, The richest silver and gold deposit of the state, and prolmbly in the world, is the famous " Comstock Lode "in the Virginia Range, Storey CO. It crops out on the eastern slope of the range at an altitude of about 2,000 feet above the level of the plains, and has been clearly traced about 4 mis., within two of which are the portions that have thus far been developed. The '-Sutro Tunnel," now in progress of con- struction, is intended to facilitate the working of the mines on the Comstock Lode, by pene- trating the vein at a greater depth. When completed it will make easy the dramingof the mines, and will allow the ores to be bro\ight to the surface at an easj' grade, thus avoitling the expense of pumping and hoisting from great dejjths. Agriculture. — The soil of the valle5'S is not lacking in the elements required for plants, but the aridity of the climate restricts the lands lit for farming to the areas that may be irrigated. The Land Office report for 1869 estimates tlio agricultural lands at 17,608,960 acres (embracing meadow lauds bordering on rivers, lakes ana mountain streams, also the richest ]iortion of the sage-brush lands, contiguous to the rivers), thegrazinglandat 23,998,720 acres, and reclaima- ble swamp lanils at 74,800 acres. In 1870 there were 92,644 acres of unimproved land, 13,415 acres of woodland and 102,451 acres of unimproved lands in farms. The cash value of farms was $1,1n5,.")05, and the estimated value of all farm productions, including adiiitions to stock, etc., $1,659,713. The principal products were: Spiinu wheat. 147,987 bush.; winter wheat, 80,879 bush.; Indian-corn, 9,660 bush.; oats, 55,- 916 bush.; barley, 295,452 bush.; pot's, 129,249 bush.; wool, 27,029 lbs.; butter, 110,880 lbs., and hav, 33,855 tons. 'I'he live stock had a value of $1,445,449, and comprised 7,.520 horses, 990 mules, ().174 milch cows, 2,434 working oxen, 22,899 other ealtie, 11,018 sheep and 3,295 swine. Maaiifdcl lives. — Tlu^ last census reports 330 inanufaeturing establishments, employing 120 steam-engines with 6,007 horse-power and 2,8.59 hands. The capital invested was $.5,127,799; the wages paid amounted to $2,498,473. The raw material consumed had a value of $10,315,984, and the products of $15,870,.539. This sum included $260,000 for reduced and refined gold and silver ; $12,119,719 for milled quartz ; $8i)t,6(X) for ))ig lead ; $641,2.50 for irou castings, and $432,500 for sawed lumber. NEVADA. 619 NEVERSINK. Railroads.— The Central Pacific R. R. passes through the northern part of the state. It enters Nev. at the Truckee II., follows this stream down to the Big Uond, tlience crosses the desert to llinnboldt Lake ; thence follows the Hum- boldt R. to about the 115tli meridian, where it lf,aves tlie valley of this riverand strikes across tlie state in an E. N. E. direction to Utah Ter. The Virginia & Truckee R. R., connecting Vir- ginia City and Carson City with Reno on tlie Central Pacific R. R., is 51 nils, long, and has done much to developc the three cos. through whicli it passes, viz.: Storey, Ormsby and Wa- shoe. Several oilier roads have been projected. Wealth, Taxation and Debt.— The total amount cf taxable property,as shown by the assessment lists of the various cos., was, iii 1871, $20,901,009 ; £»nd in 187'2, !ji'2-2,879,115, showing an increase in the latter year of $1,978,035. The hist census re- port gives the true value of real and personal estate in 1870 at $31,131,012. The total receipts for the fiscal year ended on December 31, 1872, amounted to $1,284,48.5 in coin, of which $420,808 were received from the county treasurers for taxes, tolls, etc., and $500,000 for the sale of state bonds. The disbursements were $1,041,930, leaving a balance on hand of $236,555. The total indebtedness of Xev. on December 31, 1873, was $720,450, of which $500,000 were bond- ed, $10,000 accrued interest,aiid $49,790 outstand- ing unpaid warrants. J£ducalioii and Press. — The sj'stem of public instruction now in operation was established in 1801, and has thus far worked well. In 1873 there "were 4,950 children in the state between Oand 18 years of age ; the number of children enrolled 111 public schools was 3,372, and of children at- tending private schools, 439, leaving 1,410 chil- dren reported as not attending any school. Tlie number of male teachers was 29 ami of female teachers 47. The total school expenses in all the cos. amounted to $98,409, being $24,032 more than in the preceding year. In 1870 tliere were 12 papers published in the Btate, which had a circulation of 11,300. Five of these papers were dailies, two semi-weeklies and five weeklies. Government.— Nev. is a part of the territory acquired from Mexico in 1848. It was organized as a territory in 1801, and was admitted into the Union as a state in 1804. Every male citizen of the United States, of the age of 21 years and upward, who shall have actually resided in the state six mouths, and in the district or co. 30 days next preceding an election, shall be entitled to vote. The legislative authority is vested in the Sen- ate and Assembly. The members of the As- sembly, 30 in number, are chosen biennially for two years. The Senators, 18 in number, are chosen at the same time and places as mem- bers of the Assembly, for four years. The ses- sions of the Legis'lature are biennial, com- mencing on the first Monday of January next ensuing the election of members of the Assem- bly. The executive government consists of the Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, Treasurer, Comptroller, Surveyor-Gene- ral, and Attorney-General, who are elected by the qualified electors at the time and places of voting for the members of the Legislature. They hold their oflices for four years. The judicial power is vested In a Supreme Court, District Court, and in Justices of the Peace. The Supreme Court consists of a Cliief Justice and two Associate Justices, who are elected by the people and hold their offlcos for theterm'ofO years. This court has appellate jurisdiction in all cases of equity, in all cases at law in which is involved the title or posses- sion of real estate and mining claims ; and on questions of law in criminal cases, in which the case charged amounts to felony. The state is divided into 9 judicial disti'icts. The District Judges are elected by the people for the term of 4 years. Nevada is divided into the following 13 coun- ties: Douglas.Elko, Esmeralda, Humboldt, Lan- der, Lincoln, Lyon, Nye, Ormsby, Roop, Storey, Washoe, and White Pine. The state capital is Carson City. Nevadla, new co. in Ark., S. W. part. Area, 025 sq. mis. Was formed from portions of Ouachita and Columbia cos. The surface is rolling and on the whole well timbered. The valleys contain much excellent soil. The Little Missouri R., a tributary of the Washita R., forms the northern boundary and drains the northern part of the co. with Cypress Bayou and Terre Rouge Cr. The southern part is drained by Bayou Badeau and Bayou Dorcheat, affluents of the Red R. MoLiit Moriah is the co. seat. Nevada, co., in Cal., E. part. Area about 1,100 sq. mis. Pop., 19,134 ; in 1800, 16,400. It is separat- ed from Sierra co. by the Middle Fork of the Yuba R. and drained by the South Fork of the same. The surface is mountainous. The Sierra Nevada trends through the E. part of the CO. and bears pks. over 9,000 feet in ele- vation. The spurs and foot hills of the Sierra descend in height from E. to W., and are in- terspersed with numerous fertile valleys and prairies. There are several lakes in the high Sierra, of which Donner is the largest and most beautiful. Cereals, fruits and vegeta- bles are cultivated to a considerable extent. The vine thrives well on the hill-sides and yields abundantly. Gold mining is the prin- cipal occupation. The Central Pacific R. R. intersects the S. part of the co. Nevada City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 585 bush.; rye, 80 bush.; Indian-corn, 300 bush.; oats, 190 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,518 bush.; butter, 50,741 lbs.; hay, 4,804 tons. Cash value of farms, $508,750. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $371,005. Value of man- ufactures, $1,293,809. Nevada, tn. in Nevada co., Cal. Pop., 3,980. Nevada, p. o. in Livingston co.. III. Nevada, tn. in Livingston co.. III. Pop., 877. Nevada, p. v. in Tipton co., Ind., on the Indianapolis & Chicago Division of the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 26 mis. from Anderson. Pop. about 150. Nevada, tn. in Palo Alto co., Iowa. Pop., 142. Nevada, tn. in Story co., Iowa. Pop., 1,011. *Nevada, p. v. in the above tn. antl the co. seat, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 99 mis. W. of Cedar Rap- ids and 35 mis. N. N. E of Des Moines. 10 mis. W. is Iowa Agricultural College. Has growing produce trade. Pop., 982. One newspaper. Nevada, p. o. in Mercer co., Ky. Nevada, tn. in Mower co., Minn. Pop., 637. Nevada, p. o. in the above tn. *Nevada, p. v. and the co. seat of Vernon co., Mo., oil the Sedalia Division of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 90 mis. S. W. of Sedalia. Has several manufactories and large business interests. Pop. about 1,000. Four newspapers. *Nevada, p. v. in Wyandot co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Fort AVayne So Chicago R. R., U mis. W. of Mansfield. Pop., 828. One news- paper. *Nevada City, p. v. and theco. seat of Nevada CO., Cal., on Deer Cr., 65 mis. N. by E. of Sac^ ramento. Center of tratHe for a vine-growing and mining region. Pop. about 3,000. One newspaper. Nevada City, p. v. in Madison co., Mont. Ter., •2% mis. from Virginia City. Nevada ]VIilIs, p. o. in Steuben CO., Ind. Neversink, tn, in Sullivan CO., N. Y. Pop., 2.4.58. Neversiuk, p. v. in the above tn,, 16 mis. from Monticello. NEVERSINK CREEK. 620 NEW BALTIMORE. NevcrsInU Creek, a tributary of the Dela- ware K., in N. Y.; rises in Ulster co., flows throri
  • ; in 18o0, 12,020. Three newspapers. New Albany, tn. in Story CO., Iowa. Pop., l,oo:i. New Albany, p. v. in Wilson co., Kans., on Fail it.. 7 nils. N. W. of Fredonia. New Albany, p. v. and the co. seat of Union CO., IMis-;., 17 nils, from Baldwyn. New Albany, p. o. in Mahoning CO., Ohio. New Albany, p. v. in Bradford co.. Pa., 9 mis. from iMoiiroeton. New^ Albin, p. o. in Allamakee co., Iowa. New Albion, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop.,l,4S7. New Albion, p. v. in tlie above tn., 3 mis. S. W. or Cattaraugus. New Alexander, p. o. in the v. of Alexandria in Columbiana co., Oliio,4 mis. E. of Moultrie. New Alexandria, p. v. in Jetferson co., Ohio, 2 mis. W. ol Phillipsburgh. Pop., 1H7. New Alexandria, p. v. in Westmoreland co , Pa.. S mis. from Latrobe. Pop., 308. New Alniadcn, v. in Santa Clara co., Cal., 13 mis. S. of San Jose. Near it is the famous New Almaden quicksilver mine, which has been worked since 1848, and produced, in 1868, 25,- 624 flasks of the metal (1*>}4 ^^^- each). New Alsace, p. v. in Dearborn co., Ind., 7^ mis. N. W. of Guilford. New Alstcad, p. v. in Cheshire co., X. II., 8 mis. from Walpole. New Amsterdam, p. v. in Harrison co., Ind., on the Ohio It., 12 mis. above Leavenworth. New Amsterdam, p. v. in La Crosse co., Wis., 19 mis. from La Crosse. New Antioch, p. v. in Clinton CO., Ohio, 5 mis. from Wilmington. New Arcadia, p. o. in Osborne CO., Kans. *Newarlt, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., li.^mle. N. of Newark Station on the Pliiladefphia, Wilmington & Baltimore R. R. 12 mis. W. of Wilmington. Pop., 915. Newarit, p. v. in Kendall co.. 111., G mis. from Sandwich. Newark, p. v. in Greene co., Ind., 10 mis. from Wmtliinglon. Newark, tn. in Gratiot co., Mich. Pop., 1,006. Newark, p. o. in the al)ove tn. Newark, p. v. in Knox co.. Mo., 17 mis. from Fdina. Pop., 3.54. ♦Newark, city and co. seat of Essex co., N. .!., on the I'assai'c R., 4 mis. from Newark B. and 9 mis. from New York, and on the Morris & Essex Central R. R.; also the tei'minus of the New Jersey West Line and Patterson & New- ark R. R. The city is built on a plain with rectangular streets, and is noted for its wide, shad(!il boulevards and splendid private resi- dences. The Court House, Library, United States Custom House and Post-office, City Hall and the building of the Mutual Life In- suraueii Company are capacious and superb structures. The manufactuHng interests of the city ar(i extensive and varied, embracing India-rubber goods, carriages, machinery, boots and shoes, leather and harness. In the manufacture of jewelry it ranks as the first city of the Union. The total products of its manufactories exceed ij!25,0i)0,000 per annum. Pop., 10.5,0.59: in 1860, 70,6.54; in 18.50, 37,6M, it be- ing the largest city in the state and the thir- teenth in size in the United States. Very many of its inhabitants are in business iii New York. It has 18 newspapers, the chief of which are the Advertiser, Courier, Journal, Freie Zeitungauil Register. *Newark, p. v. in Wayne co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal ;ind at the intersection of the Cen- tral R. R. with the Sodus Point & Southern U. R., 17 mis. from Sodus Point. Pop., 2,248. Two newspai)ers. Newark, tn. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 7.C17. *Newark, city in the'above tn. and the co. seat, on Licking R. and on the Newark, Somer- set & Stniitsville R. R., the Pittsburgh, Cincin- nati & St. Louis R. R., the Central Ohio Divi- sion of the Baltimore H, Ohio R. R.. the Lake Erie Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. and the Ohio & Erie Canal. Has a larg<5 trade in coal, grain and live stock, and important manufactures. Pop., 6,698. Two newspapers. Newark, p. o. in White co., Tenn. Newark, tn. in Caledonia co., Vt. Pop., 593. Newark, p. o. in the above tn. Newark, tn. in Wirt co., W. Va. Pop., 580. Newark, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Kanawha Station. Newark, tn. in Rock co., Wis. Pop., 1,074. Newark Valley, tn. in Tioga CO., N. Y^. Pop., 2.321. *Newark Valley, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Southern Central R. R., 10 mis. N. of Owego. Ne\v Ashford,tii. in Berkshire CO., Mass. Pop., 208. New Ashford, p. o. in the above tn. *New Athens, ji. v. in St. Clair co.. 111., on the Kaslcaskia R. ami the St. Louis, Belleville & Southern Illinois R. R., 15 mis. S. E. of Belle- ville and 28 mis. S. E. of St. Louis. One news- paper. Ne*v Athens, p. v. in Harrison co., Ohio, 8 mis. from Cadiz. Pop., 354. New Athens, p. o. in Clarion co.. Pa. New Anbnrn, tn. in Sibley CO., Minn. Pop., 300. New Anbnrn, p. v. in the above tn., 21 mis. N. W. of Ije Sueur. New Auknni, p. o. in Lewis co.. Wash. Ter. Newaygo, co. in Mich., W. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 7,294 ; in 1860, 2,760. The surface is slightly rolling and the soil excellent. It is intersected in the S. E. part by the Muskegon R., which drains it with several small atflueuts. Newaygo is the co. seat. Agr. productif>ns in 1870; Wheat, 37,438 bush.; rye, 10,38.5 bush.; Indian-corn, 42,378 bush.; oats, 2.5,999 bush.; Irish pot's, 66,746 bush.; wool, 8,726 lbs.; but- ter, 109,0(i4 lbs.; hay, 5,977 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,202,300. Total, estimateil, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $364,366. V^ilue of manufactures, $324,033. *Newayg'o, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on Newaygo R., 33 mis. N. of Grand Ra- pids. The line water-i)ovver of the river is employed by numerous saw mills and manu- facturing establishments. Pop., 703. One newspaper. New Baden, p. v. in Clinton co., 111., 5 mis. from Ticiiton. *New Baltimore, p. v. in Macomb co., Mich., on Laki- st.ClairandSmls.S.W. of New Haven. New Baltin»ore, tn. in Greene co.. N. Y. I'oj). 2,617. New Baltimore, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hudson 11., 15 mis. S. of Albany. NEW EALTIMOPvE. 621 NEW BRAINTREE. Sew Baltimore, p. r. in Stark CO., Ohio, 6 luis. t'roui Liirna. Jfew Baltimore, p. o. in Somerset co., Pa. New Baltimore, p. o. iu Famjuier co., Va. Kew Barttacloes, to. in Bergen co., X. J. I'OD.. 4,!»ii9. New' Bavaria, p. v. in Henry CO., Ohio, 15 mis. fioni Dctiance. New Bedfortl, p. v. in Bureau co., IU., on Green K. and 5 mis. W. S. W. of Walnut. •New Becllord, city, and port of entr j- in Bris- tol CO., Mass., on N. coast of Buzzards B., at the mouth of Acuslinet R.and at S.tefm^inus of New Bedford & Taunton II. K. and S. W. ter- miiiu-t of the Fairliaven Branch R. R.,.55 mis. S. of Boston. The city is handsomely situated on the W. side of a capacious harbor ; is regu- larly laid out, containing many elegant huifdhigs, as the City Hall, Custom House, Alms House and several eliurches, and is noted for Its wealth and enterprise. It was former- ly more lai'gely engaged in the whale fish- ery than any city in the Union, if not in tlie world, but since the decline of that business, ils energies are largely turned to manufac- turing and exportation. Bop., -21, 320; in 18U0, 'iojas'; in 1850, 15,416. Five newspapers. New Bedford, p. v. in Bloninouth co., N. J., B'-^inN. from Coburgh. New Bedford, p. v. iu Coshocton co., Ohio, 13 mis. from MiUersburg'h. New Bedford, p. v. in Lawrence co., Pa., 4 nils, from Pulaski. New Bellsville, p. o. in Brown co., Ind. New Berg', tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 1,314. Newberg', p. o. in Yam Hill co., Oreg. New Bergen, p. o. in Emmett co., Iowa. New Berlin, tn. in Sanganaon co., HI. Pop., 1)54. New Berlin, p. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, AVabash & Western 11. R.,15>^ mis. W. of Springfield. New Berlin, v. in Ionia co., Mich. New Berlin, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., •2,460. New Berlin, p. v. in the above tn., on Una- dilla II. and on the New Berlin Branch of the New York & Oswego Midland H. R., 20 nils, from Siilney Plains. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. New Berlin, p. v. in Stark co., Oliio, 6 mis. fi'om Canton. New Berlin, p. v. in Union co., Pa., 12 mis. from Northumberland. Pop.. 64(5. New Berlin, tn. in Waukesha CO., "Wis. Pop., 1,809. New Berlin, p. o. in the above tn. New Berlin Centre, p. o. in Chenango co., N. Y. Newbern, p. v. in Hale co., Ala., on a branch of tlie Alabama Central R. R. and the Selma, Marion & JNIemphis R. R., 13 mis. W. of Marion and 12 mis. N. of Uniontown. Newbern, p. o. in .Jersey CO., 111. Newbern, p. o. in Bartholomew CO., Ind. Newbern, p. v. in Marion co., Iowa, 10 m^ls. from Chariton. Pop., 190. Newbern, tn. in Dickinson co., Kans. Pop., 5S3. Newbern, p. o. in the above tn. Newbern, v. in Shelby co., Ohio, 3 mis. S. of Hardin. Pop., 239. Newbern, p. v. in Dyer co., Tenn., 18 mis. from Hutlierford Depot. Newbern, p. v. and the co. seat of Pulaski co., Va., 2^^ mis. from Dublin. Newbern, tn. in Pulaski co., Va. Pop., 1,919. *New Berne, city and co. seat of Craven co., N. C, at junction of Neuse and Trent Rs. and on the Atlantic & North Carolina R. R., 59 mis. E. S. E. of Goidsborough and 36 N. N. W. of Morehead citj'. Engaged in manufacturing ; has several turpentine distilleries, and is the shipping point for tlie cotton, lumber and agricultural uroducts of an extensive neigh- borhood. Pop., 5,849; in 1S60, 2,360. Six news- papers. Newberry, p. v. in Greene co., Ind., on tlie West Brunch of AVliite R. and the Wabash & Erie Canal, 7 mis. S. W. of Burnside. Newberry, tn. in Geanga co., Ohio. Pop., 861. Newberry, tn. in Miami co., Ohio. Pop., 3,565. Newberry, p. v. in Lycoming co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Erie "R. R., the \Vest Branch of the Susquehanna R. and the West Division of the Susquehanna Canal, 2 mis. from Wil- liamsport. Newberry, v. in Clermont co., Ohio, 3 m.)3 N. E. of Milford. The p. o. is Mulberry. Newberry, tn. in York co , Pa. Pop., 2,412. Newberry, district in S. C, N. W. central part. Area, 616 sq. mis. Pop., 20,775 ; in 1S60, 20,879. Broad R. forms the eastern boundary : its afliuent, Ennore R., the nortliern, ana Saluda R. the southern. The Greenville & Columbia R. R. intersects the co. Thesuj-face is rolling and the soil productive. Newberry Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 41,914 bush.; rye, 69 bush.; In- dian-corn, 152,232 bush.; oats, 27,701 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,126 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,072 bush.; cotton, 9.S3U bales ; butter, 43,874 lbs.: rice, 480 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,943,846. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $2,576,390. Value of manufactures, $109,650. *Newberry Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of the above district, on the Greenville & Columbia R. R., 47 mis. N. W. of Columbia. Commands the trade of a cotton and corn- producing region. Pop., 1,891. Onenewspaper. Newberrytown, p. v. in York co., Pa., 4 inls. S. W. of Etter's. New Bethel, v. in Marion co., Ind., 8 mis. from Indianaiiolis. New Bethlebem, p. v. in Clarion co.. Pa., on Red Bank Cr. and IS]4 mis. N. E. of Orrsville. Pop., 348. New Birmingham, v. in Guernsey co., Ohio, 14 mis. from Cambridge. The p. o. is Miners- ville. Pop., 310. New Bloomfleld, p. v. in Calloway co., Mo , 10 mis. finm Hibernia. *New Bloomfleld, p. borough and the co. seat of Perry co.. Pa., 6 mis. S. S. VV. of New- port, on the'line of tlie Pennsylvania Centi'al R. R. and 27 mis. N. W. of Harrisburgh ; in an agricultural section. Pop., 655. F'our news- papers. New Blooniington, p. o. in tlie v. of Gary's, in Marion co., Ohio, on the Indianapolis Di- vision of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R. New Bogjfy Depot, p. v. in Choctaw nation, Ind. Ter. New Boston, p. v. in Windliam co.. Conn., on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 28 mis. from Blackstone. New Boiiton, tn. in Mercer co.. 111. Pop., 1,758. *New Boston, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississippi R. and on the Gal va & Keithsburgh Division of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 5 mis. N. of Keithsburgh. Shipping point for country produce. Pop., 779. One newspaper. New Boston, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., 24 mis. W. of Westfield. New Boston, ]). v. in Wayne co., Mich., on the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R., 43 mis. from To- ledo, Ohio. Pop. aljout 150. New Boston, p. o. in Linn co.. Mo. New Boston, tn. in liillsborough CO., N. H. Pop., 1,241. New Boston, p. v. in the above tn., 5]/^ lals. from Gattstown. New Boston, p. o. in Henry Co., Tenn. New Bradford, v. in Wliite co., Ind. Pop., 196. New Braintree, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 640. NEW BRAINTREE. 622 NEWBURYPORT. tiew Brain tree, p. v. in the above tn., C mis. from West IJi-ooklield, New Branch, p. o. in Jfonmonth co., N. J. •New Brannfels, city a,ii(i tlie co. seat of Comal CO., Tex., 4<) mis. S. W. of Austin ; in a fertile asriciiltnral district, and on the Comal K., 14 inle. above its junction with the Guad- alupe K. It has some manufactories and one newspaper (German). New Bremen, p. v. in Cook co., 111., on the Cliicago, Kock Island & Pacific R. R., 23 mis. S. W. of Chicajio. Pop., 1(51. New Bremen, tn. in Lewis co., N. Y. Pop., i,yo8. New Bremen, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Lowville. •New Bremen, p. v. in Auglaize co., Ohio, on the Miami Canal, Vi mis. S. of Wapakoneta, Pop., i)l>^. One newspaper. New Briclg-e, p. o. in Lumpkin co., Ga. New Bridjce, p. v. in Bergen co., N. J., S^^mls. from llacj-censaek. New Briclffe, ]). o. in Franklin co.. Pa. New Bridfjeport, p. o. in Bedford co., Pa. New Brids'cville, p. o. in York co., Pa. New Brighton, p. v. in Richmond co., N. Y., on Statcii island, 10 nils. S. E. of New York, •with which a line of ferries connects. Many New York business men have here elegant country seats. Pop., 7,495. *New Brig'hton, p. borough in Beaver co.. Pa., on Beaver R., Beaver & Erie Canal, and Pitts)nirgh, Fort Wayne * Cliicago R. R., 2\4 inls. N. of Rochester and 'S14 N. E. of Beaver. The water-power of the R. is utilized in maniifacturing, and it has extensive trade witli the surrounding eoal-i5foducing region. Pop.. 4.0.17. One newspaper. New Brighton, p. o. in Fauquier co., Va. New Britain, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop., 9,480. *New Britain, city in above tn., on Hartford, Providence & Fislikill R. R., at the N. termi- nus of the Middletown Branch of the New Haven, Hartford & Springfield R. R., 10 mis. S. S. W. of Hartford. It is a beautiful and flourishing place, largely engaged in manu- facturing, the products being stockinet goods, locks, jewelry, cabinetwai'e, trimmings and general hardware. Seat of a State Normal school. Two newspapers. Sew Britain, tn. in Bucks CO., Pa. Pop., 1,707. New Britain, p. v. in the above tn., on the Doylest'iwn Branch of the North Pennsylva- nia R. 11.. .i mis. W. of Doj-lestown. New Brittun, p. v. in Hamilton eo., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Pevu & Chicago R. R.,5 mis. from Noblcsville. The station is Britton's. *New BrnnswicU, city and co. :;eat of Mid- dlesex CO., N. .J., on the Raritan R. .at the head of navigation; at the E. terminus of the Dehi- wave & Raritan Canal, and at the junction of the New .Jersey R. R. with the Camden & Ambov and Millstone & New Brunswick R. Rs. The site of the city recedes beautifully from the R., and the upper portion contain"^s many handsome residences. Largely engaged in manufacturing. Pop., 15,0.58; in iSliO, 10,701. Six newspapers.. New Bu^a, tn. in Decatur co., Iowa. Pop., Netv Bnda, p. o. in the above tn. New Biiena Vista, p. o. in Bedford co., Pa. New Buflalo, tn. in Berrien co., Mfeh. Pop., 1,'2S9. •New BulTalo, p. V. in the above tn., on Lake Michisian and at the junction of the Chicago & Michigan Lake Shore R. R. with the .Michi- gan Central R. R., 10 mis. N. E. of Micliigau city. Pop., 083. New Buiralo, p. v. in Perry co., Pa., on the west bank of the Susquehanna R.,'2 mis. from Halifax. Pop., 'J.V.). New Bniralo, tn. in Sauk CO., Wis. Pop., 95(5. Newburjjh, p. o. in Franklin co., Ala. Newbnrffh, p. o. in Izard co.. Ark. Newbnrjfh, p. o. in Jlacon co., 111. Newbnrg'h, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop., 1,540. *Newbnrgh, p. v. in Warrick co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 12 mis. S. W. of Booneville, the co. seat. Has active river commerce. Pop., 1,004. One newspaper. Newburgh, tn. in La Grange co., Ind. Pop , 1,1.59. Newburgh, tn. In Mitchell co., Iowa, Pop., .■530. Newbiarg-h, tn. inWabaunseeco., Kans. Pop., 475. Newbnrgh, p. o. in .Tetferson co., Ky. Newbursh, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 1,11.5. Newbnrgh, p. v. in the above tn., SJ^mls. from Hermon Pond. Newburgh, p. v. in Charles co., Md., near the Wicomico R. and 53 mis. S. of Washington. D. C. Newbnrgh, tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 1,314. Newburgh, p. o. in the above tn. Newburgh, tn. in Fillmore co., Jliun. Pop., 1,017. Newburgh, p. v. in the above tn., 19 mis. from Rush ford. Newburgh, p. o. in Macon co.. Mo. Newburgh, tn. in Orange co., N. X. Pop., "■Newburgh, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the W. bank of the Hudson R., 61 mis. N. of New Y'ork, and at the N. terminus of Newburgh Branch of the Erie R. R. It is beautifully situated on eminences which command a view of the river and the oppos- ing highlands. The surrouiuling country is noted for its dairy products. The city has an extensive river commerce and is largely en- gaged in manufacturing, the chief interests being cotton and Avoollen products, flour, paper, machinery, plaster, leather and iron eastings. Pop., 17,014. Eight newspapers. Newburgh, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio, Pop., Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. 11., 5 mis. S. E. of Cleveland. Newburgh, v. in Noble co., Ohio. Newburgh, v. in .Jetl'erson eo., Ohio. Newburgii, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Pa., 7 nils, fi-oni Shippenslmrgh. Po)i., 392. Newburgh, p. o. in Lewis eo., Tenn. Newburgh, p. v. in Preston co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 12 ml.s. E. of Graf- ton. Newburgh, p. v. in Washington co., "Wis., near the; Milwaukee Northern R. R., and 8 mis. E. of West Bend. Newburgh Centre, p. o. in Penobscot eo., Me. New Burlington, p. o. in Delawai-e co., Ind. New Burlington, ]). v. in Clinton co., Ohio, 3 mis. from Claysville. Pop-i --T- New Burn.side, p. o. in .Johnson co., 111. Newburj', yi. o. in Wabaunsee co., Kans. Newl>ury, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 1,4,30. Newbury, tn. in Merrimack co., N. II. Pop., (iui. Newbury, p. o. in the above tn. Newbury, tn. in Geauga, co., Ohio. Pop., 861. Newbury, tn. in Orange eo., Vt. Pop., 2,241. *Newbur.v, p. v. in the above tn., on the Con- nect lent & Passumpsic Rivers R. R., 1 rals. from Wells K. Newbury Centre, p. o. in Orange co., Vt. ♦Newburyport, city, and port of entry in Essex CO., Mass.. on Merrimac R. and on the Eastern R. R. of Mass., at the S. terminus of the Salisbury Branch and the N. terminus of Ihe Newburvport & Dauvers R. R., 3(i inls. N. of Boston. The city is regularly laid out and has many attractive features. Its lu.ybor is capacioiis, but has a difilcult entrance:. It ia NEW CALIFOENIA. 623 NEW CORWIN. actively engaged in the manufacture of wool- len and cotton goods, and has an extensive coast commerce, with large interests in the fisheries. Pop., 12,595 ; in 18«0, 13,347. Four newspapers. Wew California, p. o. in Union co., Ohio. Bfew California, p. o. in Grant CO., Wis. Kew Cambria, p. o. In Saline co., Kans. *New Cambria, p. v. in Macon co., Mc?., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph K. R., 16 mis. from Macon. Pop. about 300. New Canaan, tn. in Fairfield co., Conn. Pop., 2,497. New Canaan, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Canaan R. R., 8 mis. N. of Stamford. New Canton, p. v. in Pike co.. 111., near the Alton &, St. Louis R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of Rock- port. New Canton, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. New Canton, p. v. in Buckingham co., Va., 4 nils, from Bremo Blulf. *New Carlisle, p. v. in St. Joseph co., Ind., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 131/^ mis. W. of South Bend. *New Carlisle, p. v. in Clark co., Ohio, 7 mis. from Osborne. New Carthage, p. o. in Madison parish, La. New Casco, p. v. in Cumberland co., Me., 2}4 mis. from Falmouth. New Casco, \->. v. in Allegan co., Mich., 20 mis. from Allegan. New Cassel, p. o. in the v. of Auburn in Fond du Lac CO., Wis., 20 mis. S. S. E. of Fond du Lac. Newcastle, p. v. in Placer co., Cal., on the Cen- tral Pacific R. R.,30 mis. from Sacramento. In the vicinity are old placer mines. Pop., 551. New Castle, co. in Del., X. part. Area, 525 sq. mis. Pop., 63,515 ; in 1860, 54,797. It is bounded on the E. by the Delaware R., on the N. by Pa. and on the W. by Mtl. The principal streams are Brandy wine, Christiana, Redclay, White- clay, Appoquinnimiuk, Black Bii^ and Duck Crs. The surface is level and low ; the soil productive. Agriculture and manufacturing are the chief occupations. The Delaware R. R. and its branches intersect the co. Xew Cas- tle is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 504,284 bush.; rye, 1,089 bush,; Indian- corn, 1,002,519 bush.; oats, 353,371 bush.; Irish pot's, 193,636 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,501 bush.; butter, 765,746 lbs.; hay, 31,490 tons. Cash value of farms, $24,573,079. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc.,i{(4,004.098. Principal products of industry: Carriages and wagons, $765,920; freight and passenger cars, $917,860; cotton goods, $1,050,898; flour and meal, $1,446,482; gunpowder, $737,800; forged and rolled iron, $823,836; iron castings, $l,0.i3,077; nroroeco, $1,401,317; machinery and engines, $631,428; matches, $321,300 ; ship-building and repairing, $1,003,100, and woollen goods, $.>44,721. Total value of manufactures, $15,003,131. New Castle, tn. in New Castle co., Del. Pop , 3,6y2.« ♦New Castle, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Delaware R. and the Delaware R. R., 6 mis. S. of Wilmington. Pop., 1,916. *New Castle, p. v. and the co. seat of Henry CO., Ind., 1 mle.eastof Blue R., on Fort Wayne, Muncie & Cincinnati R. R., at the intersection with Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., S3 nils. S. by AV. of Fort Wayne. Center of trade for rich agricultural surrountlings, and seat of several manufactories. Pop., 1,556. Two newspapers. New Castle, tn. in Fulton co., Ind. Pop., 1,262. New Castle, p. v. and the co. seat of Henry CO., Ky., 4 mis. N. of Eminence on Louisville & Lexington R. R. and 26 mis. N. W. of Frank- fort. Has large ti'ade in live stock. Pop., •670. One newspaper. New Castle, tn. in Lincoln co., Me. Pop., 1,729. New Castle, p. v. in the above tn., on the Da- mariscotta R. and the Knox & Lincoln R. B., 9 mis. E. of Wiscasset. New Castle, p. v. in Gentry co., Mo., 10 mis. from Albany. New Castle, p. o. in Dixon co., Nebr. New Castle, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 667. New Castle, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Portsmouth. New Castle, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop , 2,152. New Castle, p. v. in the above tn., 1)^ mla. from Mt. Kisco. New Castle, p. o. in Wilkes co., N. C. New Castle, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio, P"'"*., 1,005. New Castle, p. o. in the above tn. *New Castle, p. borough and the co. seat of Lawrence co.. Pa., on the Shenango R., Beaver & Erie Canal, and at the junction of Erie & Pittsburgh R. R. with New Castle Branch of Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 50 mis. N. by W. of Pittsburgh. Has extensive foundries and furnaces, and large and grow- ing coal and iron mining interests. Pop., 6,164; in 1860, 1,804. Four newspapers. Newcastle, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 2,229. New Castle, p. o. in Hardeman co., Tenn. New Castle, tn. in Craig co., Va. Pop., 1,189 New Castle, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 25 mis. from Salem. Pop., 169. • New Centre, p. o. in Wayne co., Ind. New Centreville, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh R. R., l\4 mis. s. of Richland. New Centreville, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on the Chester Valley Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 6 mis. S. W. of Bridgeport. New Centreville, p. v. in St. Croix co.. Wis., 22 nils, from Hutlson. New Chambersburgti, p. o. in Columbiana CO., Ohio. New Chester, p. o. in Adams co.. Pa. New Chester, tn. in Adams co., Wis. Pop., 329. New Chester, p. o. in Adams co., Wis. *New Chicago, p. v. in Neosho co., Kans., 1 mle. W. of Neosho R. and near the crossing of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R. with the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R. A place of large prospective population and commercial importance. Pop. about 1,000, One newspaper. New Chicag-o, p. o. in Deer Lodge co., Mont. Ter. New Chillicothe, p. o. in Dickinson co., Kans. New Church, p. o. in Accomack co., Va. New Cincinnati, p. o in Rice co., Kans. New Coein, p. o. in Milwaukee co., Wis. New Columbia, p. o. in Massac co., HI. New Columbia, p. v. in Union co.. Pa., on the Susquehanna R., opposite Brown's Station on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 1}4 mle. N. of Jlilton. New Columbus, V. in Madison co., Ind., 7 mis. S. of Anderson. Pop., 135. New Columbus, p. o. in Owen co., Ky. New Columbus, p. v. in Luzerne co.. Pa., 12 mis. from Berwick. Pop., 2.50. Newcomb, tn. in Champaign co.. 111. Pop., 897. Newcomb, p. o. in the above co. Newcomb, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 178. Newcomb, p. o. in the above tn. *New Ctnnerstown, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Oliio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis 11. R. and the Ohio & Erie Canal, 67 mis. W. of Steubenville. Pop., 791. New Concord, p. v. in Columbia CO., N. Y., 1}^ mle. from East Chatham. New Concord, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, on the Central Ohio Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 9 mis. W. of Cambridge. Pop., 488. New Corner, p. o. in Delaware CO., Ind. New Corwin, p. o. in Highland CO., Ohio. NEW CORYDON. 624 NEW GRENADA. Hew Corydon, p. v. in Jay co., Ind., 25 mis. S. E. of iJlurtlon. New Crceli, in. in Mineral co., W. Va. Pop., 1,120. New Creek, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Baltimore & Ohio 11. R., 23 nils. S. W. of (Juniberland. Shipping jjoint for live stock and cereals. One newspaper. New Cumberland, p. v. in Grant co., Ind., 8 nils, from Jonesborough. New Cnmberlaud, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, 10 nils, from New Philadelphia. Pop., liJO. New Cumberland, p. v. in Cumberland co., Pa., on ihe Northern Central K. K. and the Susquehanna 11., 4 mis. S. of Harrisburgh. Pop., 515. New Cumberland, p. bor. in Hancock co., W. Va., on the Ohio 11., opposite McCoy's Station, Oliio. New Dale, p. o. in Wetzel co., W. Va. New I>anville, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. New Miiuville, v. in Husk co., Tex,, 11 mis. S. W. of Longvlew. New Denmark, tn. in 15rown co.. Wis. Pop., !S1."). New Derry, p. v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., 1^ nile. N. W. of Derry Station. New Design, tn. in Monroe co.. 111. Pop., 2,01(). New Digginj^s, tn. in La Fayette co.. Wis. Pop., l.i'Jl. New Diggings, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. from Galena, 111. New Dorp, p. v. in Kichmond co., N. Y., on the Slaten LsUind R. R., 4>^mls. S. W. of Stapleton. New Douglas, p. o. in Madison co.. 111. New Dover, p. v. in Union co., Ohio, on the Spring Branch of the Clevehmd, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R. New Dungencss, p. o. and the co. seat of Clallam co., AVash. Ter., on the Strait of San Juan de l<"iica and 25 mis. N. W. of Seattle. New Durham, tn. in La Porte co., Ind. Pop., 1,0S4. New Durliam, v. in the above tn.,4 mis. from Westville. New Durham, tn. in Strafford co., N. H. Pop., 973. New Durham, p. v. in Hudson co., N. J., on the Northern R. R. of New Jersey, 4 mis. N. of .Jersey City. New Eagle Mills, p o. in Grant co., Ky. *New Egypt, p. o. in Ocean co., N. J., near Oakforcl. New Elizabeth, p. v. in Hendricks co., Ind., on the iuiUaiiu JJiviaion of the Indianapolis, Blooniinglon & Western R. R. Newell, tn. in Vermillion co.. 111. Pop., 1,909. Newell, p. V. in Ruena Vista co, Iowa, on Iowa I)ivi:?ion of Illinois Central R. R., 43 mis. W. of Port. Oodgo. (^ne newspaper. Newell, 1). <) iu Anderson district, S. C. Newell's Kun, p. o. in Washington co., Ohio. Neivcllsvillc, i). o. in Marion co., Oreg. New England, p. v. in Athens co., <^hio, on the Mancita <& Cincinnati R. R. New England, p. o. in Wood co., W. Va. New England Village, p. o. in Worcester co., Mass., iii-iir tlie iJoston & Albany R. R., (J mis. W. of Westljorough. New Enterprise, p. v. in Bedford Co., Pa., 10 nils, from Hopewell. New Era, )). o. in De Kalb co., Ind. New Era, p. o. in Oceana co., Midi. New Era, p. o. in James co., Nebr. New Era, \>. o. iu Bradford co.. Pa. New Eureka, p. v. in Jackson co., Kans., 3 nils, from Nfiawaka. New Eairljcid, tn. in i?'airtieldco.,Conn. Pop., s;o. New Fairfield, p. o. in the above tn. Newlane, in. in Niagara co., N. Y. Pop., 3,097. Newl'ane, p. o. in the above tn. Newlane, tn. in Wiudliaiu co., Vt. Pop., 1,113. Newfane, p. o. in Fond du Lac co., Wis. New Farmington, p. o. in Daviess co.. Mo. Newfield, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 1,193. Newfield, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Waterborough Center. Newfield, tn. in Oceana co., M.cli. Pop., 205. Newfield, p. v. in Gloucester co., N. J., on the West Jersey R. R., 30 mis. S. by E. of Phila- delf^jhia; a manufacturing place, with trade in fruits. One newspaper. Newfield, tn. in Tompkins co., N. Y. Pop., 2,()02. Newfield, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Ithaca. New Flat Creek, p. o. in Union co., Tenn. New Flat Fork, p. o. in Clay co., W. Va. New Florence, p. v. in Montgomery co., Mo., on the St. Louis, Kansas Citj' & Jforth Mis- souri R. R., 75 mis. W. N. W. of St. Louis. A growing town and center of an active pro- duce trade. One newspaper. New Florence, p. v. in Westmoreland CO., Pa., on the Conemaugh R. and tlie Pennsylvania Central R. R., l'Z% mis. W. of Cambria. Pop., 333. Newfound liake, in Grafton co., N. H.; is 7 mis. long and from 2 to 3 wide ; surrounde.d by hills and mountains. The Newfound R. drains it and joins tlie Peraigewasset R. New Forrestvllle, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. Newfoundland, p. o. in Elliott co., Ky. Newfoundland, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. Newfoundland, p. v. in Wayne co., Pa., 13 mis. fiom Moscow. New Fountain, p. o. in Medina co., Tex. New Franken, p. o. In Brown co.. Wis. New Frankfort, p. v. in Saline co.. Mo., oa the Missouri R., 20 mis. from Brunswick. New Franklin, p. o. in Wayne co.. III. New Franklin, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio, l]^ nile. from Moultrie. New Freedom, p. v. in York co., Pa., on the Northern Central R. R., 5 mis. S. of Glen Rock. New Freeport, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. New Galilee, p. v. in Beaver co.. Pa., on the Pittsburgh, Port Wayne & Chicago R. R., 10 mis. N. W. of Beaver Falls. Pop., 241. New Garden, tn. in Wayne co., Ind. Pop., 1,519. New Garden, p. o. in the v. of Newport, in the above tn. New Garden, p. o. in Bay co.. Mo. New Garden, p. v. in Guilford co., N. C, 6 nils, from Greensborough. New Garden, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, 5 nils, from Hanover. New Garden, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,790. New Garden, p. o. in the above tn. New Garden, tn. in Russell co., Va. Pop., 2.3^0. New Garden, p. o. in the above tn. New Gascony, p. o. in Jefferson co.. Ark. New Genesee, p. o. in Wliitesides co.. 111. New Geneva, p. v. in Fayette co.. Pa., on the Monongahela R. and 15% inls. S. W. of Unioa- town. New Geneva, p. o. in Jackson co., AV. Va. New Germantown, p. v. in Hunterdon CO., N. J., 4'-^ nils, from White House. New Germantown, p. v. in Perry CO., Pa., 30 mis. S. W. of Newport. Pop., 133. New Glarus, tn. in Green co., Wis. Pop., 958. New Glarus, p. v. in the above tn., 10 nils. from iMonroo. New Gloucester, tn. in Cumberland co.. Me. I'op., 1,490. New Gloucester, p. v. in the above tn., oa Grand Trunk R. R. New Goshen, p. v. in Vigo co., Ind., 9 mis. from Tcrre Haute. New Gottland, p. o. in McPherson co., Kans. New Graniteville, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. New Grenada, p. v. iu Fulton co.. Pa., 10}^ mis. S. E. of Dudley. NEW GRETNA. 625 NEW HAMPSHIEE. Ifew Oretna, p. v. in Burlington CO., N. J., 15 mis. N. E. of Egg- Harbor City. ]Jfe\F Gronig-en, p. o. in Ottawa co., Mich. New Ciuilforcl, p. v. in Cosliocton co., Ohio, 17 nils, from Coshocton. Kew llackcnsack, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., 7 nils, from Poughkeepsie. BCew Hag'erstown, p. v. in Carroll co., Ohio, 2 mis. N. of Bowerstown. New Haniburg^li, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Hudson K. and Hudson Kiver JR. R., 6 mis. X. of Fishkill. Pop., 400. JSew Hamburg:!!, p. v. in Mercer CO., Pa., on Beaver & Eric Canal, 4 nils. S. of Shenango. New Haensxlcn, p. o. in Highland co., Va. NEW HAMl^SHIRE, one of the New Eng- land states; is bounded on the X. by Canada, on the E. by the Atlantro Ocean and by Maine, from whicli it is partly separated by the Pisca- taqua E., on the S. by Mass., and oii the W. by Vt., from which it is separated by the Connec- ticut K. It extends from t'2° 41' to 45° 11' N. lat., and from 70° 40' to 72° 28' W. long. Its area is 9,2S0 sq. nils., or 5.939,200 acres. The sea-coast is but 18 mis. long, and termin- ates in the N. at the estuary of the Piscatacjua R. Nine mis. off the coast are the Isles of Shoals, a group of 8 rocky islands, the largest of which contains 350 acres. Surface. — Along the sea-coast extends a tract of low and level land, some 30 mis. wide and partly occupied by salt marshes. Excepting this small tract N. H. is hilly and mountainous, as it forms part of that large belt of elevations which extends from Me. into Conn., and is di- viiled from the Green Mountain system by the Connecticut R. In the southern part of the state this undulating high-land belt supports several lofty groups or isolated pks., as Mts. Monad- nock, Sunapee, Kearsarge, etc.; but it is in the northern part that it culminates in the famous "White Mts., which in height are surpassed by the Black Mts. of N. C. only, but in grandeur of scenery are unapproached by any other chain of the Appalachian System. They form a plateau, occupying the southern part of Coos CO. and the northern parts of Carroll and Graf- ton COS., and are deeply furrowed and rifted by a number of torrents, as the Ammonoosuc, Baker's, Femlgewasset, Swift, Saco, Ellis, Wild »ind Peabody Rs. On this plateau rise lofty pks. either in ranges or irregularly distributed in isolated summits. Mt. Washington, 6,288 feet above the sea, is the highest peak of the whole region and of the White Mts. proper, which form a chain between the head waters of the Ammonoosuc and Mount Washington Rs. The latter is tlie name of the upper course of the Saco. The chain extends N. E. and S. W. In the part lying S. W. of Mt. Washington it supports Mts. Monroe, .5,3:^4 feet ; Franklin, 4,904 feet ; Pleasant, 4,764 feet ; Clin- ton, 4,320 feet ; Jackson and Webster ; and in the part lying N. are Mounts Clay, 5,553 feet; Adams, 5,714 feet; Jefferson, 5,794 feet, and Madison, 5,365 feet. Other chains, scarcely less elevated, branch off" from Mt. Washing- ion in a southerly direction between Mount Washington R. and Rocky Branch, and in a south-easterly direction between Rocky Branch and Ellis R. The plateau which extends froniMt. Webster to the W., between the upper course of the Am- monoosuc from the East Branch of the Pemi- gewasset R., is crowned with Willey Mt., Twin Mt. and many other peaks exceeding 4,000 feet in height. It connects in the W. with the Fran- couia Mts,, a chain trending N. and S. between the East and West Branches of the Pemigewas- set and bearing the following peaks ; Bald Mt.; JEagle Cliff, 3,146 feet ; Mt. La Fayette, or Cireat Haystack, 5,290 feet, and Flume Mt., about 4,500 feet. The valley which separates the western base of the Franconia Mts. from the Profile Mt. and Mt. Pemigewasset is traversed by the East 40 Branch of the Pemigewasset R. and the South Branch of the Ammonoosuc K. The White Mts. proper and the Franconia Mts., with the plateau intervening between the two ranges, constitute the principal group ot the system, but are surrounded on all sides by lower chains and peaks. Tlie wliole system covers an area of over SOO sq. rals. The best de- scription of the numerous objects of interest which are crowded together in this narrow space, and of the different routes leading to them, is contained in: "New England, a Hand- book for Travelers," etc., published by .James R. Osgood, of Boston, in 1S73. A very popular route is the one via Conway, up the Saco R. to Bartlett, and thence along the Ellis R. to the Glen House, or along the upper course of the Saco to th(j Crawford House. From both these hotels, roads lead to Mt. Washington, the ascent of which now may be made by a railroad completed in 1869, on "the plans of Sylvester Marsh. The track has a grade of 3,625 feet in three nils., or of 1 foot in i}4. The chief peculiarity of the track is a heavily notched iron center-rail, into which plays a center cog-wheel on the locomotive. The ascent is made in 90 minutes. The usual route to the Franconia Mts. is from the Ammo- noosuc R. to the Profile House and Flume House in the Pemigewasset Valley. The new Fabyan House and the Twin Mountain House are situated on the road leading from Bethle- hem up the Ammonoosuc R. to the Crawford House, or Ammonoosuc Station, the initial point of the Mt. Washington R. R. Hirers and LaJces.—'i'ha principal stream of N. H. is tlie Connecticut R., which rises in the north-eastern corner, and from its junction with Hall's Stream forms the entire western boundary of the state. Its principal afiiuents in N. H. are Perry's Stream, Indian Stream, Hall's Stream, the Ammonoosuc R., the Mink R., or Lower Ammonoosuc, R., rising in the White Mts.,Mascony R., Sugar R., which drains Lake Sunapee,andAshnelot R., which intersecta Cheshire co. and joins the Connecticut near the S. W. corner of the state. The Merrimac R. is formed by the confluence of the Pemigewasset R., whicli rises in the White Mts., and the Win- nipiseogee R., and intersects the southern half of the state from N. to S. It receives from the AV. the Contoocook R., the Piscataquoi R. and the Souhegan R.; anil from the E. the Suucook R. The Plscataqua R. is formed by the conflu- ence of the Salmon Falls R. and Cocheco R., and forms, with the first-named branch, part of the eastern boundary of the state. The Saco and Androscoggin Rs., belonging chiefly to the neighboring state of Me., water eastern N. H. with portions of their courses. The largest lake of the state is Wlnnipiseogee, or Winnepesaukee, which receives the outlet of Squani Lake. Ossipee Lake lies E. of the latter, and is drained by the Ossipee R., a trilni- tary of the Saco. Umbagog Lake, belonging to the Androscoggin system, lies ^jartly in N. H. Beside these larger sheets ot water, this state has numerous smaller ones in nearly all parts of its territory. The Climate of N. H. is rigid, and especially in the more elevated mountains are the winters long and very severe. The summers are mild and pleassant, although a temperature of over 100° in the shade is not of rare occurrence. The mean annual temperature varies froih 38° in Coos CO. and the White Mts. to 48° in the south- ern parts of the state. The rain-fall averages from 10 to 14 inches in summer, from to 12 inches in winter and from 32 to 40 inches during the year. The sea-coast and the Connecticut Valley receive the largest amount of precipita- tions. The Vegelation of N. H. comprises magnificent forests of oak, pine, beech, sugar maple, birch, etc., which cover the mountains and the north- ern part of the state. Willows, poplars and NEW HAMPSHIRE. 626 NEW HAMPSHIRE. tycamores gi'ow along the rivers and often at- tain to exlraoi-diiiary dimensions. The wild and secluded parts of the state are still inhabit- ed by the bear, panther, wild cat, lynx, wolf and "fox, nor are the mink, marten, raccoon, skunk, etc., of rare occurrence. The birds are represented by wild turkeys, pigeons, quails, woodcocks, woodpeckers, various birds of prey and aquatic fowls. The Population of N. H. was, in 1790, 141,855 : in 1800, ISa.^.W ; in 1810, 214,460 ; in 18'20, 244,02-2 ; in 1830, 2t;;».o28 ; in 1840, 284,.574 ; in 1850, 317,976 ; in 1860, 32(i,U73, and in 1870, 318,300, showing for the last decade a decrease of 7,773. The number of whites was 317,697 ; of colored persons, 580 ; and of Indians, 23. In regard to nativity the population was dis- tributed as follows : Born in the United States, ■^88,689, including 242.374 natives of the state; Dorn in foreign countries, 29,611, including 12,937 natives of British America, 436 of Germany, 2,679 of England, 12,190 of Ireland, and 892 of Scotland. In all classes of occupations were engaged 120,168 persons, viz.: in agriculture, 46,573; in professional and personal services, 18,528 ; in trade and transportation, 8,514, and in manu- factures and mechanical and mining indus- tries, 46,553. Minerals and Mininff.— The mineral wealth of the state consists chiefly in deposits of magnetic and specular iron, especially in Grafton and Carroll cos. In Franconia tn., Grafton co., are iron furnaces. Carroll co. also yields lead, silver, zinc and copper. Isinglass, or glimmer, of great puritv is obtained at Alstead and Graf- ton. The graphite found in various parts of the state is largely used for the manufacture of crucibles. Productive quarries of soapstone are at Ffancestown and Oxford. Agriculture— In 1870 N. H. had 29,642 farms, 75 of which exceeded 500 acres in extent, and one 1,400 acres. The total acreage in farms was 3,605,994, of which 2,334,487 acres were improved land, and l,()47,OiJO woodland. The total value of farms was $80,589,313; of farming implements, $3,459,943; ami of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, $22,473,547. There were produced 193,621 bush, of wheat, 47,420 of rye, l,277,76s of Indian-corn, 1,146,451 of oats, 4,515", 419 of Iri'^h pot's, 105,822 of barley, 155,- 334 lbs. of tobacco, 1,129,442 lbs. of wool, 5,965,080 lbs. of butter, 849,118 lbs. of cheese, 1,800,704 lbs. of maple sugar, and 612,648 tons of hay. The live slock had a value of $15,246,545, and comprised 39,095 horses, 37 mules and asses, 90,- 583 milch cows, 40,513 working oxen, 91,705 other cattle, 248,760 sheep, and 33,127 swine. The Manufactures of N. H. are numerous a*d have greatly increased within the last decade. There were, in 1860, 2,592 establishments, and in 1870, 3,342. They employed 280 steam-engines with 8,787 horse-power ; and 2,312 water-Avheels with 68,291 horse-power, showing the extensive use made of the immense power afforded by the rivers. The number of hands employed was 40,783, who received $13,823,091 wages. The capital invested in this branch of industry was $36,023,743 ; of raw materials consumed, $44,577,967, and of the products, $71,038,249. The most mi- portant of these were cotton goods, $16,999,9,2; woollen goods, $8,703,307 ; worsted goods, $1,447,- $1,913,595. _, , ^ , Commerce and Railroads.— The only port of entry of the state (Portsmouth), m the year ende"d June 30, 1872, imported goods to the amount of $98,682, and exported goods to the amount of $3,512. The commercial lleet ot the Btate comprised 65 sailing vessels and o steam- ers, together with a tonnage of 17,194. N. H. had, in 1841, 53 mis. of railroads ; in 1851, 537 mis.; in 18C1, 601 mis., and in 1872, 8201^ mis. (according to the report of the railroad com- missioners). The most important lines were the Boston, Concord & Montreal 11. R. (93 mis.); the Cheshire R. R. (-^oi^ mis.); the Portsmouth, Grand Falls & Conway R. R. (65 mis.); Atlantic & St. Lawrence R. R. "(52 mis.); the Concord & Portsmouth R. R. (58 mis ); the Northern R. R. (82)^ mis.) and the Merrimac & Connecticut Riv- ers R. R. (27 mis.). Wealth, Taxation and Debt. —The total pergonal and real estate of the state had, in 1870, an as- sessed value of $149,065,290; the true or estimat- ed value of the same was $252,624,112. The total revenue of the state for the year endhig May 31, 1872, was $732,145, and the total expenses $304,496, thus leaving a surplus of revenue to be applied to the reduction of tho» state debt of $427,659. The total indebtedness, June 1, 1872, was $4,l38,- 124. Education, JPress, etc. — The public schools of the state are well managed, and rank with the best in the countrj'. In 1870 they numbered 2,452. The nuuiljer of persons of school age (from 4 to 21 years) in 1871 was 75,.505, of whom 71,957 were enrolled in the public school.'- while the average attendance was 49,293. The tntire amount appropriated for the support of schools was $568,528. An excellent State Normal School is at Plymouth. It was established in 1870. The higher institutions of learning comprise Dartmouth College, at Hanover, which was founded in 1769, and had, in 1871, 23 instructors and 360 students. The " Chandler Scientific School" is also at Hanover. The " Methodist Biblical Institute," a theological college^ is at Concord. The New Hampshire College of Agri- culture and the Mechanic Arts was opened in 1870, and occupied Culver Hall at Hanover. It has 9 instructors. The 51 newspapers had, in 1870, a circulation of 173,919, and included 7 dailies, 37 weeklies, 1 semi-monthly, 6 monthlies and 2 bi-monthlies. The New Hampshire Asylum for the Insane and the State Penitentiary are at Concord. The latter has been self-supporting for a number of years. Government.— If!. H. was settled by EngUsli colonists at Dover and Plymouth in 1023. lliese settlements were annexed to Mass. in 1641, but became a separate province in 1741. It was one of the 13 original states, framed a constitution in 1776 and ratified the United States Constitu- tion June 21, 1788. The legislative power is vested in the Senate ami House of Representatives. The former consists of 12 members, who hold their office for one year, the latter has one member for every town, parish or place entitled to town privileges, having 150 ratable male polls, of 21 years of age or upwards ; two members for every town, etc., having 450 ratable polls, and so proceeding in that proportion. The repre- sentatives are chosen by ballot for one year. The legislature is ofliciaUy styled the General Court of N. H. The Governor is chosen annually in March ; must be 30 years of age ; must be of the Protest- ant religion, and must have been an inhabitant of the state for seven years next preceding the election. There are annually elected five councilors, for advising the Governor in the executive part of government. All judicial officers, the Attor- ney-General, Solicitor, SherilT, Coroners, Regis- ters of Probate, anV .1 KKSBY is bounded on the N, by N, Y., on the W, by Pa., and on the E. by the liud- son R., the Kill' van KuU, New York B., and the open Atlantic. The northern boundarj', w.'jich separates N. J. from N, Y., is a straight line running from the junction of Neversiuk and Delaware Rs., in 21° 19' N. lat. to the W. bank of the Hudson R., in 40° 59' 48" N, lat. Cape May NEW JERSEY. 629 KEW JERSEY. Is tlie soutliern extremity. The area is 7,576 sq. mis. or 4,848,640 acres. Surface.— This state may be divldea into three distinct sections. The north-western part is mountainous, being trarersed bj- a broad belt of ridges, belonging to the Appalachian System. The middle section consists of red sandstone wilh trap ridges, and is diversified by gentle untlulatious. The lower half of the state, with its suudy t.oil and its forests of pine, is compar- atively level, and forms a part of the Atlantic coast plain. The Appalachian Mts., in N. J., may be group- ed into two main ranges — the Blue or Kittatin- ny Mts. and the Highland Kange. The first is a continuation of tlie Shawangunk Mts. in N. Y"., and is almost an unbroken ridge from the north- ern boundary to the Delaware Water Gap. It is the culminating ground in the state, varying in height from 9'2o to 1,800 feet. The crest is al- most level and everywhere coveredwith forests. Between the foot of this range and the Dela- ware there is a line of rocky hills of limestone and slate, rising in irregular knobs and crests from 100 to 300 feet above the river. The High- land Kange is composed of a great number of mountain ridges, and occupies a belt of country 2^ mis. wiile on the N. Y. state line, and 10 mis. wide on the Delaware li. The traveler who crosses this range from S. E. to N. W. passes over a succession of steep declivities, alternat- ing with low valleys. The crests rise from 300 to 600 feet above the valleys. The principal di- visions of the range are Bear FortMt., Wa- wanda Mt., 1,450 feet high ; Hamburgh Mt., with Kutherford Hill, the highest point of the r.inge. 1,488 feet high; and Tochuck Mt. (all iiear the N. VV. boundary) ; Wallkill Mt. and Aiamuehe Mt. further to the S. W.: Jenny Jump Mt., Scott Mt. and Pohatoong Mt., in Warren CO.; Schooley's Mt., in Morris Co.; and Muscou- etcong Mt., near the S. W. end of the range, 986 feet high. These ridges sink away with very gentle slopes toward the N. E., while their S. W. ter- minations are very abrupt. The Red Sandstone region extends as a broad belt along the E. base of the Highland Kange, and is traversed by ir- regularly' distributed ritlges of trap rock. The princip'al of these are Sourland Mt., in Hunter- don and Sonterset cos., and the Bergen Hill and Palisade Mt., in Hudson and Bergen cos. They are rough in outline, very abrupt in their de- scent toward the S. E. and gentle in their slope toward the N. W. High Point, in Passaic co., is the highest trap ridge of the state, and rises 868 feet above the sea level. The southern half of N. J. is characterized bj' the absence of moun- tains or rocky eminences. Its rounded hills are all earthy. The Navasink Highlands, which trend along the sea-shore S, of Sandy Hook, are about 400 feet high. The marshes, which border the ocean and the tidal waters, form a striking feature of the state. They are usually covered with grass and sod, and their upper surface is nearly level with high water. Under the sod there is soft mud, too miry for horses and cattle to walk on. The entire area wluch they cover is about i95,474 aci'es. Rivers, Lakes, etc. — N. J. is well watered in all its parts, and the abundance of its streams ren- ders perfect drainage very easy; while their rapid fall gives them great value for their water-power. The Hudson R. runs along the E. bortler for 28 mis., and owing to the position and structure of the Palisades, wliieh rise ab- ruptly on its western bank, receives but fe^ alfiuents from this state. The largest is the Wallkill, which traverses the Kittatinny Valley between the Blue Mts. and the Highland Range in a N. N. E. direction, and joins the Hudson in New York. The Hackensack R. flows nearly parallel with the Hudson and empties into Newark B., which also receives the Passaic R., a stream that drains about 800 sq mis. The valley is almost closed in by the Highlands on one side and the trap ridges on the other side. The Passaic is joinetl by Pompton. Rockaway and Wippany Ks. The Raritan R. rises in the W. part of the state and empties into Raritan B., after receiv- ing the Millstone, Green Brook antl South Rs. The Delaware R. forms the W. boundary of N. J., and drains 2,100 sq. mis. of its area. Its tribu- taries are Paulln's Kill (which drains the S. part of the Kittatinny Valley), the Pequest, Pohat- cong anil Musconetcong; Rs., which flow through the smaller valleys ot the Highland Kange ; Cooper's, Mantua, Oldman's, Salem and Allo- waj- Crs.i which traverse the lower part of the state. The valle5' of the Delaware, from Carpen- ter's Point to the Water Gap, runs nearly par- allel to the Blue Mts. The Water Gap, where the river bursts through these mountains, is famous for the grandeur of its scenerj'. There are manj' beautiful sheets of water in the M. W. part of the state. Lake Hopatcong, or Brooklyn Pond, 914 feet above tide water, lies on top of the Highlands, is o^^ mis. long and from j^ to 5^ of a mle. wide. The surroundings make it a delightful summer resort. It is dramed by the S. branch of the Raritan R. Greenwooil Pond, or Long Lake, is partly in N. Y. and partly in Passaic co. It is 8 mis. long and abounds m flsh. Green Pond is another beau- tiful sheet, very near the top of Green Pond Mt., at 1,044 feet of elevation. The sea-coast of N. J. is indented by many baj's. In addition to Delaware B. in the S., Newark B., Raritan B. and Sandy Hook B. in the N., there are consid- erable bodies of water lying in the tide marshes of the shore. They are joined by narrow pas- sages, and so comp'lete is this internal connec- tion, that vessels of light draft can sail from the mouth of Metedeconk R. to Cape May without going outside the beach. Beginning at the N. there are Barnegat B., Little Egg Harbor, Atase- eum B., Great Egg Harbor, Peck's B., Townsend Sound, Jarvis Sound and Cape Island Sound. Climate and Vegetation.— T\\q climate of N. J. is on the whole mild, being tempered by the ocean. The mean annual temperature varies from 50^^° in the N. W. part to 56° at Cape May. The amount of rain and snow which falls is from 40 inches on the plains to more than 50 inches on the highlands. N. J., when flrst settled, Avas almost entirely covered with forests, except the marshes on the coast, and although the state is densely inhabited and Avell cultivated, large parts of it are still well timbered with pine, cedar, oak, hickory, walnut, chestnut, poplar, and other trees peculiar to the latitude. The Population of N. J. was, in 1790, 184,139 ; in 1800,211,149; in 1810, 245,562; in 1820, 277,426; in 1830, 320,823 ; in 1840, 373,306 ; in 1850, 489,555 ; in 1860, 672,035, and in 1870, 906,096 ; 875,407 of whom were wliites, 30,653 colored persons, 15 Chinese and 16 Indians. The natives of the United States numbered 717,153, of whom 575,245 were born in the state ; the natives of foreign countries, 188,943, of whom 54,001 were born in Germany, 2,061 in Switzer- land, 686 in Austria, 3.128 in France, 26,606 in England, 5,708 in Scotland, and 86,784 in Ireland. In all classes of occupations were engaged 296,036 persons, viz.: 63;128 in agriculture, 83,380 in professional and personal services, 46,206 in. trade and transportation, and 103,322 in manu- factures, mining and mechanical industries. Minerals and Mining.— "S. J. has mucli mineral wealth. Magnetic and other iron ores are found in Burlington co., near Dover, and other parts of the state. Rich mines of zinc are worked near Franklin, Sussex co., and immense beds of marl underlie the southern parts and yield the most valuable manure. In Cumberland co. oc- cur beds of quartz sand, which supplj' largo glass factories with the necessary raw material. .^iifriciiZiure.— The 30,652 farms of N.J. included, NEW JERSEY. 630 NEW JERSEY. In 1S70, 2,089,500 acres (about thrco-flftlis of the area of the state), of which 1,97(3,474 acres were improved and 71H,335 acres woodland. The vahie oAarins was $257, 523, 376; of farnilnf^ implements, #7,887,901, and of all farm productions, includ- infx additions to stock, etc., !3>42, 725,198. The pro- ducts were : Spring wheat, 2,099 bush.; winter wheat, 2,290,334 bush.; rye, 5(«,775 bush.; Indian- corn, 8,745,384 bush ; oats, 4,009,830 bush.; barley, 8,'2S3 bush.; buckwheat, 353,983 Inish.; wool, 3.30,- 609 lbs.; Irish pot's, 4,70.5,430 ; sweet pot's, 1,550,- 784 lbs.; bush.; butter, 8,2(>t),023 lbs.; hay, 521,975 tons. The products of the orchards had a value of S1,"-05.2S2, and of market gardens, $2,078.25a The value of all live stock was $21,443,463. It consisted of 70,708 horses, 8,853 mules and asses, 133,331 milch cows, 3,830 working oxen, (JO,327 ether cattle, 120,0(57 sheep and 142,563 swine. The Manufactures oi'H. J. have much increased during the last census decade. In ISHO there -were 4,173 establishments with a capital of ijito,- 521,048, turning out products to the value of $76,306,104 ; in 1870 the number of establishments had increased to (5,636, the capital to $79,606,719, and the value of products to $1(59,237,732. The manufactories employed 984 steam-engines of 32.307 horse-power, 1,132 water-wheels of 25,8;i2 horse-power, and 75,552 operatives, and con- sumed raw materials to the amount of $103,415,- 245. The principal articles produced and their value were: agricultural impleiaents, $633,875 ; boots and shoes, $;5,639,076 ; bread, crackers, etc., $1,377,336; brick, $1,695,530; building and carpentering, $8,105,125; carriages and wagons, $2,281,643 ; freight and passenger cars, $1,670,427 ; men's clothing, $;i,260,325 ; cotton goods, $2,326,- 167; thread, twine and yarn, $1,739,061; flour and meal, $12,.593,148 ; glassware, $1,561,127 ; win- dow glass, $1.241,.509: hardware, $1,457,135 ; hats and caps, $.'),007,270 ; India-rubber goods, $2,224,- 830 ; forged and rolled iron, $5,207,808 ; nails and spikes, $1,760,812; pig iron, $1,.546,965 ; iron cast- ings, $3,897,805 ; cast steel, $1,401,778 ; jewelry, $;>,- 315.679 ; tanned and curried leather, $6,043,058 ; patent and enameled leather, $2,738,041 ; malt liquors, $;i,219,4S4 ; lumber, $3,330,769; machinery, $1,772,342 ; steam-engines and boilers, $961,577 ; lead and zinc paints, $1,203,082 ; printed cotton and woollen goods, $5,005,907 ; saddlery and harness, $1,732,305; sash, doors and blinds, $2,- 1(50,705; silk goods, $4,.527,664; soap and candles, $1,(50(5,234 ; stone antl earthen ware, $1,106,085; trunks, valises and satchels, $3,793,000 ; varnish, $012,419; watches, $582,800; woollen goods, $1,- 89(5,825, and worsted goods, $518,980. Commerce and Railroads. — N. J. has six cus- tom districts (besides Jersey City, which is at- tached to the custom district of New York), viz.: Britlgetown, Burlington, Great Egg Har- bor, Little Egg Harbor, Newark and Perth Am- boy. In June, 1872, they had 792 sailing vessels, 80 steam vessels, and 178 unrigged vesseLs, with a total of 03,325 tons of burden. Newark and Perth Am boy exported to foreign countries $416,442 worth of commodities, and imported from foreign countries $87,5S7 worth. The railroad mileage of the state was, in 1841, 186; in 1851, 303; in 1861, 587 ; in 1871, 1,2<>5, and in 1872, 1,378. The principal lines are the Camden & Atlantic U. K., tht; Belvidere & Delaware 11. K., the Central New Jersey li. R. (291 mis.); the Morris & Essex li. li. (118 mis.); the New Jersey Soul hern B. K. (86 mis.); the West Jersey R. R., (120mls.), and the lines of the United New Jersey B. U. an(l Canal companies (Kio mis.). (They in- clude the Camden & Aniboy R. R. and the New Jersey R. R., and have been leased to the Penn- Bylva'nla Central R. R.) N. J. has several canals, which greatly facili- tate the domestic commerce of the state, the most important of which are the Morris Canal (101 mis.), connecting the Delaware & Hudson lis.; and the Delaware &Raritau Canal, extend- ing from New Brunswick to Bordentown. Wealth, Taxation and Debt.— ThQ: estioiAiea value of real and personal estate was. In K'70, $010,076',064 ; the assessed value of the former was $448,>>32,127, and of the latter $176,030,844. The total taxation, not national, in the same year, was $7,416,724, of which $373,046 was for the state, $2,307,348 for the counties, and $4,646,330 for cities, towns, etc. The total receipts for the fiscal year 1872 amounted to $2,.>15,684, and the disbursements to $2,444,235, leaving a balance in cash of $101,419. The funded state debt was, in 1870, $2,006,200, and the aggregate indebtedness of the counties, cities, towns, etc., $17,929,083. Education, Press, eanon, p. o. in De Kalb co., 111. New I^ebanon, p. o. in Sullivan co., Ind., 7 mis. from Sullivan. New Xiebauon,tn. in Columbia CO., N.Y'. Pop., 2,124. New Liebanon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Harlem Extension R. R., 18 mis. N. W. of Chatham Four Corners. A Shaker settlement, engaged in manufacturing and agricultural pursuits. One newspaper. New liebanon, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ohio, 10 nils, from Dayton. New Liebanon, p. v. in Mercer co.. Pa., 4 mis. N. of Sandy Lake. Pop., 273. New Liebaiion Centre, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., on the Harlem Extension R. R., 1J4 rule. W. of New Lebanon. New l>euox, tn. in Will co.. 111. Pop., 1,121. New Lienox, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Paciflc R. R., 6% mis. E. of Joliet. New I/enox, p. o. in the v. of Dewey's, in Berksliire co., Mass., on the Housatonic R. R., 4 mis. from Lenox. New liexing-tou, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. *New Iiexins;ton, p. v. and the co. seat of Perrv co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati & Muskin- gumValley R. R., 22 mis. S. W. of Zauesville. It is a thriving manufacturing and mining town. Pop., 953. Two newspapers. New Liexing'ton, p. v. in Somerset co.. Pa., 11 mis. S. W. of Somerset. New I^iberty, p. v. in Pope co.. 111., on the Ohio R., 10 mis. from Paducah, Ivy. New I.iberty, p. o. in Scott co., Iowa. *New Iiiberty, p. v. in Owen co., Ky., 4 mis. from Eagle Station. Pop., 304. New liig'ht, p. o. in Wake co., N. 0. New JLiuierick, tn. in Aroostook co., Me. Pop., 308. New liimerick, p. o. in the above tn. Newlin, tn. in Chester CO., Pa. Pop., 775. New l.isbon, v. in Randolph co., 111., 4 mis. from Union City. New liisbon, p. v. in Henry co., Ind., on the Fort Wayne, Muncie & Cincinnati R. R., Oinls. N. W. of Cambridge OitJ^ New Ijisbon, p. o. in Renville co., Minn. New Liisbon, tn. in Stoddard co., Mo. Pop., 1,182. New^ liisbon, p. o. in Burlington co., N. J. New Liisbon, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 1,545. New liisbon, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from New Berlin. *New liisbon, p. v. and the co. seat of Colum- biana co., Ohio, on the Niles & New Lisbon R. R. and on Beaver R., 56 mis. N. W. of Pitts- burgh, Pa. Tlie river furnishes water-power, whicli is employed in woollen and other manu- factories, it is the center of a large produce trade. Pop., 1,569. Three newspapers. New lisbon, p. v. and the cu. seat of .Juneau CO., Wis., on the La Crosse Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. and on Lemon, wier R., 63 mis. E. of La Crosse. The water power of the river is employed by several saw and grist mills. Pop., 1,221. One news- paper. New^ liOndon, co. in Conn., forming the S. E. extremity of the state. Area about 650 sq. mis. Pop., 66,570; in 1860, 61,731. Its western boundary is partly formed by the estuary of the Connecticut R., its southern by the Long Island Sound. The surface is broken and in some parts hilly. The Thames R. flows througli the co. from N. to S., and, the Shore Line R. R. and the New London & Willi- mantic R. R. intersect it. Norwich and New London are the co. seats. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 364 bush.; rye, 16,846 bush.; oats, 174,300 bush.; Indian-corn, 247,362 bush.; Irish pot's, 331,466 bitsh.; sweet pot's, 26 bush.; butter, 803,406 lbs.; hay, 66,441 tons. Cash value NEW LONDON. 632 NEW MEXICO. of farms, $12,878,3tG. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,8!)5,417. Principal products of industry: Blwichingand dyeing, . $-2,724,1 4.3; men's clothing, $122, '.(91 ; cotton goods, |3,411,- 14.") ; India-rubber goods, $1,108,777; machinery, $074,800; writing paper, $1,2.")0,000; -woolh-n good.';. *C^..i-!0,0sa, and ship-building, $400,050. Tolul value of manufactures, $19,797,00,'). New I..oii(Ion, tn. in the above co. Pop., 9,.570. »Iffcw liOnclon, citj' in the above tn., and semi-co. seat, ou the Thames K., 3 mis. from its mout h. It is tlie W. terminus of the Ston- ington & Providence R. 1{.. the E. terminus of the New Haven. New London & Stonington R. K. and the S. terminus of the New Loudon & Worcester Divisions of the Boston & Hart- ford U. K. The site of the city is rugged, but nat ure has yielded to substantial improve- ments in grading and Imilding. The harbor is capacious, deep and safe, and the coast trade and tisheries very extensive. A large manu- facturing business is also carried on. Pop. about 8,500. Two newspapers. New LiOiidoii, p. V. in Howai-d CO., Ind., 8 mis. from Kokomo. Pop., 210. New Ijondon, v. in Jefferson co., Ind., on the Ohio IJ., s mis. below ]\Iadison. New fjonclon, tn. in Henry co., Iowa. Pop., 1,740. *New IjOjkIoii, p. v. in the above tn., on the Burlington & Missouri River R. R., 19 mis. N. W. of I'.urlington. One newspaper. New LiOiicIon, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 4 mis. from Monrovia. New liOndoii, v. in Sanilac co., Mich. New I.iOiii(lou, tn. in Monongalia co., Minn. Pop., 319. New Ijoudon, p. v. in Kandiyohi co., Minn., 17 mis. from Atwater. New I^ondon, p. v. and the co. seat of Ralls CO., Mo., ou Salt R., 10 mis. S. of Hannibal. It is tlie center of trade for a fertile agricultural district. Pop., 410. One newspaper. New JjOikIoii, tn. in Merrimack co., K. H. Pop., 9.^.9. *New Ijoiidoii, p. v. in the above tn.,8 mis. fri:>m West Audover. New IjOiidon, p. v. in Oneida co^ N.T.,ou the Erie Canal, 7 mis. from Rome. Pop.. 453. New London, tn. in Huron co., Ohio. Pop., 1 ,47.''). *New I.iOMdon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Columlin>; Division of the Cleveland, Colum- bus A Indianapolis R. R.,48mls. S. W. of Cleve- land. Has manufactories and produce trade. Poll., 078. Oiu! newspaper. New London, tn.in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 911. New London, p. v. in the above tn., i]4 mis. S. E. of Elk View. New London, p. v. in Campbell co., Va., 10 mis. from Lynchburgh. New I^ondon, p. v. in Wanpacca co.. Wis,, on Wolf R. and the Green Bay & Lake Pepin R. R., 40 mis. W. by S. of Green Bay. It has varied manufactories and considerable ti'ade. Pop., 1,015. One newspaper. Newlon's drove, p. o. in Cass co., Iowa. New Lots, tn. in Kuigs co., N. Y. Pop., 9,800. New Lyme, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 70S. New Lyme, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. S. of Jelferson. New Wadison, p. o. in Wabash co., Ind. New Uladison, p. v. in Darke co., Ohio., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R., 32 nils. S. ^V. of Piqua. Pop., 452. New MsKlrid, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Pop., 6.357: in is ;(i, ."i.ii.it. It is bounded on the E. by the Mis-Aissippi R. and on the W. by the Little R. The surface is low and level and much cut up by lagoons and swamps, which will eventually be drained and thus add greatly to the cultivable area of the co. The soil is of the. very richest description. New JVIadrid is the CO. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 3,990 bush.; Indian-corn, 717,495 bush.; oats, 2,875 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,135 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,720 bush.: butter, 12,320 lbs. Cash value of farms, $770,800. Total, estimated, value of; all farm productions, inclu02. News Ferry, p. v. in Halifax co., Va., oii'the Rlcbniond & Danville R. R., 64 mis. from Burkeville. *New Sharon, p. v. in Mahaska co., Iowa, on the Central R. R. of Iowa, 19 mis. from Grin- uell. New Sharon, tn. in Franklin co.. Me. Pop., 1,452. *New Sharon, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Farniington. New Sharon, p. o. in Monmouth, N. J. New Sheftield, p. v. in Beaver co.. Pa., 4 mis. W. of Economy. New Shorehara, tn. in Newport co.,R. I. Pop., l,n:l New Shoreham, p. v. in the above tn., on the E. coast of Block Island, 30 mis. S. S. W. of Newport. New Site, p. o. in Tallapoosa co., Ala. New Smyrna, p. o. in Volusia co., Fla. New Somerset, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Newson Creek, p. o. in Nez Percesco., Idaho Ter. Newsom's, tn. in Southampton co., Va. Pop., l,sS.-5. Newsom's Depot, p. v. in the above tn., on the Seaboard & Roanoke R. R., IS mis. from Portsmouth. Ne'w Spring'field, p. v. in Mahoning co., Ohio, 10 mis. N. W. of Enon Valley, Pa. Pop., 142. NevF Sprin^Tille, p. v. in Richmond co., N. Y., 4 mis. from New Doto. New Stanton, p. o. in Westmoreland CO., Pa. Newstead, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. Newstead. tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 3,380. New Stirling, p. o. in Iredell co., N. C. New Store, p. v. in Buckingham co., Va., 15 mis. from Fai'mville. New Straitsvllle, p. v. in Perry co., Ohio. New Sweden, p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me. New^ Sweden, tn. in Nicollet co., Minn. Pop., 5«8. New Texas, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., 6 m.ls. S. of St. Elmo. Newtaka, v. in Jackson co., Kans., on the Cen- tral Branch of the Union Pacific R. B., 37 mis. "W. of Atchison. Pop. about 300, Newton, p. v. and the co. seat of Dale co., Ala., 30 mis. from Columbia. Newton, co. in Ark., N. W. part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 4,374 ; in ISOO, 3,393. The sur- face is hilly. The Buffalo Fork of White R. traverses the co. from W. to E. and receives many small tributaries. The soil of the val- leys is productive. Jasper is theco. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 9,830 bush.; In- dian-corn., 169,825 bush.; oats, 7,741 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,074 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,944 bush.; to- bacco, 13,645 lbs. Cash value of farms, -$226, 038. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $163,- 340. Newton, tn. in Conway co.. Ark. Pop., 514. Newton, co. in Ga., central part. Ai'ea about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 14,615 ; in 1S60. 14,320. It is bounded on the S. W. by South R., and inter- sected by the Yellow R. and the Alcovy R. The surface is mostly undulating and the soil of the river valleys highly productive. The Georgia R. R. passes through the co. Coving- ton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 38,414 bush.; rye, 82 bush.; Indian-corn, 192,587 bush.; oats, 31,974 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,544 bush.; sweet pot's, 23.455 bush.; cotton, 6,770 bales; butter, 67,455 lbs.; hay, 303 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,329,917. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $994,082. Value of manufactures, $386,725. Newton, p. V. and the co. seat of Baker co., Ga., on Flint R., 10 mis. from Camilla. Pop., 145. Newton, p. v. and the co. seat of Jasper co., 111., on Embarras R., 20 mis. N. of Olney on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. One newspaper. Newton, tn. in Livingston co.. 111. Pop., 1,114. Newton, tn. in Whitesides co., 111. Pop., 880. Newton, CO. in Ind., N. W. part. Area, 430 sq. mis. Pop., 5,826; in 1860, 2,360. The surface is level and some parts of the co. are swampy. The Kankakee R. forms the northern boun- dary and receives the outlet of Beaver Lake, The Iroquois R. intersects the co. from E. to W. Kentland is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 23,802 bush.; rye, 12,278 bush.; Indian-corn, 142,096 bush.: oats, 111,333 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,855 bush.; butter, 155,755 lbs.; hay, 14,854 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,658,840. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $481,320. Value of manufactures, $94,235. Newton, tn. in Jasper co., Ind. Pop., 468. Newton, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 2,686. *Newton, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 25 mis. E. by N. of Des Moines. A thriving town, command- ing the trade of a rich agricultural district. Pop., 1,983. Three newspapers. Newton, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 981. Newton, tn. in Carroll co., Iowa. P.op., 400. Newton, p. v. in Harvey co., Kans., on Atchi- son To))eka & Santa Fe R. R.. at junction of Wichita Branch, 64 mis. S. W. of Emporia. Pop., 1,200. One newspaper. Newton, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 12.fs25. *Newton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 7 mis. from Boston. The tn. is an aggrejjate of villages, as Newton, New- tonville. West Newton and Newton Lower Falls ; extensively engaged in the manufac- ture of nails, rolled iron, paper, cotton goods, and machinery. Here are many residences of Boston business men. One newspaper. Newton, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 975. Newton, p. o. in the above tn. Newton, co. in Miss., E. part. Area aboit 440 sq. mis. Pop., 10,067; in 1860, 9,66L The surface is undulating and the soU productive. The NEWTON. G38 NEWTOAVN STEPHENSBURGH. eastern part is drainofl by the -hearl waters of the Chiekasawha R.; the eastern by those ot the Youns Warrior R., a tributary of the I'carl R. The co. is interseeteil fromW. to E. by the Vicksburgh & Meridian R. R. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 2,492 bush.; Indian- corn, 201.704 bush.: oats, 7,205 bush.; Irish pot's, IfiS bush.; sweet pot'.s, 30,2<52 bush.; cotton, 3,3'.)9 bales; butter, 42,0:J0 lbs. Cash value of fai-ms, *t87i292. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, iTicIudiug additions to stock, etc., $509,(;92. Value of manufactures, $13<;,591. •Newton, p. V. in Xewton co., Miss., on the Vicksburgh & Meridian R. R., 60 mis. E. of Jackson. Center of trade for a corn and cot- ton-producing section. Pop., 154. One news- paper. Newton, co. in Mo., S. W. part. Pop., 12,fi2I ; in 1800, 9,319. It borders on ind. Ter. and Kans., and is drained by Indian and Shoal Crs. The surface is undulating, M'ith nearly equal proportions of prairie and timber land. The soil is highlj- productive. Lead and sul- phuret of zinc are among the mineral trea- sures. The Atlantic & Pacific R. R. intersects the CO. from E. to W. and passes by Neosho, the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 67,725 bush.; rye, 466 bush.; Indian -corn, 359,945 busli.; oats, 81,045 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,982 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,879 bush.; tobacco, 16,480 lbs.; butter, 90,824 lbs.; hay, 2,611 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,834,208. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $013,760. Value of manu- factures, $360,112. Newton, tu. in Barton co., Mo. Pop., 802. Newton, tn. in Sliannon co.. Mo. Pop., 193. Newton, tn. in Taney co.. Mo. Pop., 603. Newton, p. o. in Saunders co., Nebr. Newton, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 8.56. Newton, p. v. in the above tn., 1^4 rale. E. of Newton Depot. Newton, tn. in Camden co., N. J. Pop., 8,4.37. ►Newton, p. v and the co. seat of Sussex co., N. J.jou tlie Warren & Sussex R. R., 70 mis. ■W. ot New York. Center of trade for an agri- cultural and mining region. Poi5., 2,403. Two newspapers. Newton, p. v. and the co. seat of Catawba co., N. C, on the Newton Branch of the Western North Carolina R. U. Pop., 323. Newton, tn. in Pike co., Oliio. Pop., 1,138. Newton, In. in Licking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,283. Newton, tn. hi Miami co., Ohio. Pop., 2,241. Newton, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop., 2.;^s9. Newton, p. o. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Newton, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 1,280. Newton, p. o. in Benton co., Oreg. Neivton, tn. in Cumberland co., Pa. Pop., 2.315. Newton, tn. in Luzerne CO., Pa. Pop., 1,057. Newton, -co. in Tex., E. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 2,187; in 1860, 3,119. The co. is bounded ou the E. by the Sabine R., wliich separates it from Louisiana, and is drain- ed by a number of small tributaries of the Sabine. The surface is level and the soil, particularly along the river banks, verj' fer- tile. Newton is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Indian-corn, 51,303 bush.; oats, 40 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,890 busli.; cotton, 1,001 bales. Cash value of farms, $136,2.55. Total, estimated, value of all farm proclue- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $253,- 100. Newton, p. v. and the co. seat of Newton co., Tuxas, on Caney Cr. and 53 mis. N. of Orange. Newton, p. o. in Cache co., Utah, Ter. Newton, p. o. in Roane CO., W. Va. Newton, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Newton, tn. in Marquette co., Wis. Pop., OOD. Newtonburs:ti, tn. in Manitowoc co., Wis. Pop.. 1,992. Newtonbnrg:ta, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis from Manitowoc. Newton Centre, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Woonsoeket Division of the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 8 nils, from Boston. Newton Depot, p. v. in Rockingham co., N. H., on th(! Boston & Maine II. R., 8 mis. N. of Haverhill. Newton Factory, p. o. in Newton co., Ga. Newton Fiills, p. v. in Trumbull co., Ohio, on the Ohio Canal, 3V^ mis. S. of Braceville. Newton tiJrove, p. 6. in Sampson co., N. C. Newton Ilaniilton, p. v. in Mifflin co.. Pa., on the .Juniata R., the Pennsylvania Cen- ti-al R. R. and Pennsylvania Canal, 10 mis. S. W. of McVi!ytown Pop., 350. Newton Uig'hlands, p. o. in Middlesex co., Mass. Newtonia, tn. in Newton co., Mo. Pop., 1,609. *Newtonia, p. o. in the v. of Oliver's Prairie, in the above tn., 15 nils. E. of Neosho. Newton liower Falls, p. v. in Middlesex CO., Mass., on the Newton Lower Falls Branch of the Boston & Albany R. R., 12 mis. from Boston. Newton's Corners, p. o. in Hamilton co., N. Y. Newton's Retreat, p. o. in Tippecanoe co., Intl. Newton Stewart, p. o. in Orange co., Ind. Newtonsville, p. o. in Clermont Co., Ohio. Newton Upper Falls, p. v. in Miildlesex CO., Mass., ou the Woonsoeket Division of the Boston, Hartford & Erie It. R., 10 nils, from Boston. Newtonville, p. o. in Fayette co., Ala. Newtonville, p. o. in Spencer eo., Ind. Newton»'ille, p. o. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Newtonville, p. v. in Middlesex co., Ma.ss., on the Boston & Albany R. It., 1 mle. \Y. of Newton. Newtonville, p. v. in Albany co., N. Y., 7 mis. N. of Albany. New Topia,'p. o. in Barbour co., Ala. Newtown, \i. v. in El Dorado co., Cal., 7 mis. from Placerville. Newtown, tn. in Fairfleld co., Conn. Pop., 3, OS I. Newtown, p. v. in the above tn., ou the Hous- atonic 11. R. Newtown, p. v. in Fountain co., Ind., 8 mis. from Attica. Newtown, p. V. in Scott co., Ky., 10 mis. from Li^xington. Newtown, p. v. in Worcester co., Md., on the Poeoinoke R. at head ot navigation, 10 mis. S. W. of Snowhill. Engagetl in lumber, fruit and produce trade. Pop., 1,195. One news- pajier. Newtown, p. o. in Putnam co.. Mo. Newtown, tn. in Queens co., N. Y. Pop., 20,274. Newtown, p. v. in the above tn., on the Flush- ing & North Side It. R., 3 mis. W. of Flushing. Pop., 2,108. Newtown, p. v. in Hamilton co.,Ohio, 1^4 mle. from Plainville. Newtown, tn. in Delaware co.. Pa. Pop., 748. Newtown, tn. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pop., 933. *Newtown, p. V. in the above tn., llj^ mis. N. of Bristol. Pop., 859. One newspaper. Newtown, tn. in King and Queen co., Va. Pop., 2,047. Newtown, p. o. in the above tn. Newtown Aoacleniy, p. o. in Monroe co., Ala. New Town I^andiiij;;, p. o. in Warren co., Miss. Newtown Mills, p. v. in Forest CO., Pa., 12 mis. from Tioni'sta. Newtown Square, p. v. in Delaware CO., Pa., () nils, from Jlcdia. Newtown Stephcnsburgh, p. v. in Freder- ick CO., Va., 8 mis. S. of Winchester. Pop., 623. NEW TRENTON. 639 NEW YORK. Jfew Trenton, p. v. in franklin co., Ind., on the White Water Valley Division of the In- dianapolis. Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 6)4 ml3. from Harrison, Ohio. New Trier, tn. in Cooli CO., 111. Pop., 1,105. If ew Trier, p. v. in Dakota co., Minn., 13 mis. from Hastings. New Tripoli, p. o. in Lehigli co.. Pa. New Troy, p. o. and the co. seat of La Faj-ette CO.. Fla. New Troy, p. v. in Berrien co., l^Iich., 2J^ mis. from Sawyer. New Flni,'tn. in Bro\vn co., Minn. Pop'., 1,310. "■New mm, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Minnesota R. and Winona, Mankato & New Ulm R. R., 35 mis. above Mankato. Has manufactories and considerable trade. Pop. about 1,000. Two newspapers. New IJIin, p. V. in Austin co., Tex., 16 mis. from Bcllvillc, the co. seat. New IJpton, p. o. in Gloucester co., Va. New TTtrecht, tu. in Kings co., N. Y. Pop., 3,-290. New Utreclit, p. v. in the above tn., on the Brooklyn, Bath & Coney Island R. R., 7 mis. S. of Brooklyn. New Vernon, p. v. in Morris co., N. J., 5 mis. from Madison. New Vernon, tn. in Mercer co., Pa. Pop., 796. New Vernon, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. W. of Sandy Lake. New Vienna, p. v. in Dubuque co., Iowa, 5 mis. from Dyersville. *New Vienna, p. v. in Clinton co., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 17 mis. W. of Greenfield ; is the trade center for an agri- cultural district. Pop., 573. New Villajsre, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., on the Morris Canal, 2^^ mis. from Stewartsville. Newville, p. v. in Colusa co., Cal., .54 mis. N. W. of Colusa. Newvillle, tn. in De Kalb co., Ind. Pop., 842. Newville, p. v. in the v. of Vienna in the above tn., 7 mis. S. of Butler. Newville, p. v. in Richland oo., Ohio, 4 mis. from Perrysville. '•Newville, p. v. in Cumberland co., Pa., on the Cumberland Valley R. R., 30 mis. W. S. W. of Harrisburgh and 22 mis. N. K. of Cham- bersburgh. Pop., 907. One newspaper. Newville, tn. in Sussex co., Va. Pop., 1,369. Newville, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. New Vineyard, tn.in Franklin co.. Me. Pop., 755. New Vineyard, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Farmington. New^ Virjjinia, p. v. in Warren CO., Iowa, 11 mis. from Osceola. New Virj^inia, tn. in Meeker co., Minn. Pop., 428. New Washington, p. v. in Clarke co., Ind., 6 mis. from Bethlehem. New Washington, p. v. in Crawford co., Ohio, on the Mansfield, Cold Water & Lake Michigan R. R., 24 mis. from Mansfield. Pop., 273. New Wasliing'ton, p. v. in Clearfield co.. Pa., 27 mis. from Clearfield. Pop., 211. New Washington, P.O. in Mar.shall CO., W.Va. New Waterford, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chi- cago R. R., 914 mis. W. of Enon Valley. New Waverly, p. v. in Cass co., Ind., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 7 mis. from Peru. New Waverly, p. o. in Walker co., Tex. New way, p. o. in Licking co., Ohio. New Wells, p. v. in Cape Girardeau co., Mo., 12 mis. S. W. of Grand Tower, 111. New Westville, p. v. in Preble co., Ohio, 3 mis. N. W. of Carapbellstown. ♦New Wilmington, p. v. in Lawrence co., Pa.. 5 mis. from Pulaski. New Winchester, p. v. in Hendricks co., Ind., lyi rtUs. \V. of Danville. Pop., 124. New Winchester, v. in Crawford co., Ohio, Pop., 52. *New Windsor, p. v. in Mercer co., 111., at in- tersection of Rockford. Rock Island & St, Louis R. R. with Galva, New Boston & Keiths- burgh Branch of tiie Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 21 mis. VV. by N. of Galva. Pop., 379. One newspaper. New^ Windsor, p. v. in Carrol co.,Md., on the Western Maryland R. R., 1\4 mis. W. of West- minster. Pop., .396. New Windsor, tn. in Orange CO., N. Y. Pop., 2,482. New Wine, tn. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pop,, 2,046. New Woodstock, p. v. in Madison co., N. f ., 18 mis. S. of East Chittenango Station. New Torfc, tn. in Yuba co., Cal. Pop.. 542. New York, p. v. in Wayne co., Iowa, 10 mis. from Russell. New York, tn. in Caldwell co.. Mo. Pop., 857. NEW YORK, one of the middle states; is bounded on the E. by Vt., Mass. and Conn.,on the S. bv N. J. and Pa., and on the N. W. by Canada, from wliich it is sejiarated by Lake Erie, the Niagara R., Lake Ontario and tlie St. Lawrence R. It is triangular in shape. One angle rests upon the Atlantic, another on Lake Champlain, while a third reaches W. to the southern shore of Lake Erie. The eastern boundary, from Canada to Staten Island, is 311?^ mis. long, and its largest dimension from E. to W. is 412 mis. The state includes Long Island, which extends 130 mis. into the Atlantic Ocean, and Staten Island, which separates the inner from the outer bay of New York. N. Y. "has an area of 47,000 sq. mis., or 30,080,000 acres, and lies between 40° 29' 40" and 450 0' 42" N. lat., and 71° 51' and 75° 47' 25" W. long. The Surface is greatly diversified and includes rolling plateaus, levelValleys atid lofty moun- tain chains belonging to the great Appalachian System. Two deep channels constitute the chief base lines of the state. Tlie one is a some- what rugged valley in which lie Lake Champ- lain, Lake George and the Hudson R., and this is intersected at right angles, about midway, by the second, the Valley of the Blohawk. These deeply grooved valleys of the Hudson and the ]Moha\vlc give to N. Y. the stxbstantial advantage that it is the only state bordering on the Atlantic which could make a commuci- cation between the sea-board and the great lakes and valleys of the interior of the conti- nent without having to evercome one or more mountain ridges ; and to them it largely owes its commanding position in tlie Union as tlie " Empire State." The narrow belt of country lying E. of the Hudson River Valley is intersected hy the spurs of the Green and Hoosac Mts., one of which passes thi'ough Dutchess and Putnam cos. and terminates with bold precipices on the banks of the great stream opposite West Point. That portion of the state which lies W. of the Hudson R. consists chiefiy of rolling table-lands, gently sloping down toward the valley of the Mohawk R. anrl Lake Ontario in the N.,and to- ward Lake Erie in the W. It is traversed by the prolongations of the ranges of N. J., as the Shawanyunk Mts., the Blue Ridge and the com-' plex chains of the " Highlands," which occupy Orange co. and abut on the Hudson at West Point. Here, where the National Military Aca- demy lies, amidst natural features of unrivaled grandeur and beauty, is the roclty gateway through which the Hudson R. passes on to the sea, and which is commanded by the bold heights of Crows' Nest, Storm King, Beacon Hill, Bull Hill, Old Beacon and others, elevated above the sea from 1,000 to 2,000 feet. North of these ranges and of Rondout Cr. the surface rises in Greene and Schoharie cos. to the loftv NEW YORK. 640 NEW YORK. Catskill Mis., which sweep in a wide curve from the valli^y of the Hudson K. to the valley of the Mohawk II., and attain in Round Top, High Pk., Overlook Mt., Rockland Mt. and others, an elevation of 4,000 feet and more. The lower range of the Helderberg Mts. trends ])arallel to the Catskills through Albany eo. N. of the valley of the JNIoliawk R. and W. of Lake Cham- plain are the Adirondack Mts., consisting of several chains, wliieh trend N. E. and S. W. and culminate in Mt. Marcy. (See Adirondack Mts.) Rivers and Lakes. — The principal stream of the state is the Hudson R., which rises in the Adirondack Mts. and has a southerly course of 800 mis. in length, KiO mis. of which are naviga- ble for the largest vessels. (See Hudson R.) The St. LaAvrenee R., which washes a part of the N. W. bonndaiy, receives the following tri- butaries from the state : the Oswegatchie R., with Indian R., Beaver R., whicli drains Cran- berry Lake ; Grass R., Racket R., rising in Racket Lake ; St. Regis R. and Salmon R. Lake Champlain receives Saranac R., Au Sable R. and Roquet R. All these streams rise in the Adirondack Mts. and drain the beautiful lakes in which these abound. Into Lake Ontario empty Blaclc R. witli its affluents, Moore R., Independence Cr. and Bea- ver R., the Oswego R., which is formed by the confluence of the Oneida and Seneca Rs., and is tlie outlet of Oneida, Onondaga, Skeneateles, Owasco, Cayuga, Seneca, Crooked and Canan- daigua Lakes, and the Genesee R., which rises in Pa., intersects N. Y. from S. to X. and drains Conesus, Hemlock and Honeoye Lakes. The Niagara R. receives Tohawanda Cr., and Lake Erie receives Cattaraugus Cr. and other small affluents. The S. VV. part of the state is drained by the Alleghany R. and its tributaiy, Conewango Cr., which receives the outlet of Chautauqua Lake. The Susquehanna R. rises in Otsego Lake and drains the south central part of X. Y., receiving here the outlet of Schuy- ler Lake, the Unadilla R., Chenango R., Tiough- nioga R. and the Tioga R., with the Conhocton and Canisto Rs. The East and West Branches of the Delaware R., which separates X. Y. from Pa., intersect and drain Delaware co. ClinuUe and Vegetation. — The climate of X. Y., though marked by great extremes, is on the whole moderate and salubrious. The Adiron- dack region, with its long and severe winters, is the coldest part of the state, and has a mean amiual temperature of less than 40 degrees. The mean annual temperature in the centi'al portions is from 44° to 48°, .and in tlie extreme southern, r)0°. The rain-fall varies from 3-2 in- ches in the St. Lawrence Valley to 44 inches in the lower IluiUon Valley. The interior parts of the state receive about 40 inches. N. Y. was formerly covered with forests, and these are still extensive, althougii the state is one of the most densely populated and best cultivated in the Union. The Adirondack Mts. are timbered with coniferous trees and poplars. In the other portions the most prevalent are deciduous trees, as the oak (in over 10 species), maple, hickory, chestnut, elm, lime, or linden, beach, sycamore and cedar. Population — X. Y. is the nineteenth state in the Union as regards territorial extent ; but the first as regards population. This was, in ISTO, 4,382.759, including 4,330,'210 whites, 52,081 colored persons, 4:511 Indians and 29 Chinese. The natives of the United States numbered 3,214, tOU, includ- ing i.Ols.ss.j nativiis of the state, 38,3;i9 of Conn., 3,033 of 111., 1,213 of Ind.. 1.235 of Kv., 5,iK!4 of Me., 3.(575 of Md., 41,002 of Mass.. 4,82o'or Mich., 9,19(5 of X. H., 30,941 of X. J., 7.426 of Ohio, 34,771 of Pa., C,900of R. 1., 1,328 of S. C, 36,177 of Vt., 3,012 of Va., and 2,54<) of Wis. The foreign-born pop- nlation numbered l,13-i,3.')(?, of whom 78,510 were natives of British America, 1,098 of Denmark, 22,273 of France, 316.882 of Germany, 3,928 of Ger- man Austria, 110,003 of England, 528,806 of Ire- land, 27,277 of Scotland, 7,8.5i; of AV.iles, 6,426 of Holland, 3,501 of Italy, 4,0i)l of Poland, 1,473 of Russia, 5,522 of Sweden, and 7.911 of SwitzerlancL The growth of tlie state has been extraor- dinary. In 1790 the iiopulation was .340,120 ; in 1800, .589,051 ; in 1810, 959,049 ; in 18*), 1,372,111 ; in 1830, 1,918,(308; in 1840, 2,428,921; in 1850, 3,097,394; and in 1860, 3,880,735. The population of 10 years of age and raoio numbered 3,378,959, of w'hom 1,491,018 were en- gaged in all classes of occupations, viz.: 374,328 in agriculture, 405,339 in professional and per- sonal services, 234,581 in trade and transporta- tion, and 476,775 in manufactures and mechiinical and mining industries. Minerals and Mining. — The mineral treasures of X. Y. are great, although they neither include coal nor the precious metals. Iron ores are especially abundant. Specular iron and hematite occur in Columbia and Dutchess cos., and magnetic iron in Putnam, Orange and Westchester cos. The Adirondack region is also very rich in iron deposits. Lead occurs in. Ulster, St. Lawrence and the cos. E. of the Hud- son R. The central and some of the western cos. yield large quantities of gypsum, which is extensively used as manure and also exported. Quarries of a superior marble are worked near Sing Sing, and other building materials, as sandstone, limestone and granite are found abundantly in various sections of the state. The salt spi-ings in Onondaga, Orleans, Erie & Genesee cos. yield over 12,000,000 bush, annually of pure siilt and support a prosperous industry. Xew York is rich in medicinal springs, the most famous of which are those of Saratoga, Balston, New Lebanon, Avon and Sharon. Petroleum is obtained in Allegany co. Agriculture. — The soil of the state greatlj- va- ries in fertility in the different portions. The valleys of the Hudson and Mohawk Rs., and the so called "Genesee Flats" on the lower Genesee, are exceedingly productive, include the richest portions of New Vork, and produce flue ci'ops of grain and fruits. The hilly districts and table-lands are best adapted tostock raising and dairying, while the great Adirondack region present.s conditions of soil and climate which render it almost unfit for any branch of agri- culture, and hence it is known as the " Wilder- ness." But with all these diversities New York may be called a fertile state ; and as its farmers are energetic and intelligent, paj'ing great attention to scientific agriculture, its pro- ductions take a high rank as regards quantity as well as quality. In 1870 the 216,"2.53 farms comprised 22,190,810 acres, or nearly 74 per cent, of the total area of the state. The number of acres of improved land was 15,627,206; of woodland. 5,679,870, and of other unimproved land, 88;3,73-i. The farms had a cash value of Sfl,272,857,706; of farming im- plements .and machinery, $45,997,712. The total value of farm productions, including atlditions to stock and implements, was $253,52(5,1.53 ; of orchard products, $8,347,417, and of market gar- dens, $;5,432,354. The products were : Spring wheat, 1,834,330 bush.; winter wheat, 10,344,132 bush.; r.ye, 2,478,125 bush.; Indian-corn, 1(>,4()2,825 bush.; bats, a'),293,625 bush.; barley, 7,434,621, bush.; buckwheat, 3,904,030 bush.; tobacco, 2,- 349,798 lbs.; wool, 10,599,2-25 lbs.; Irish pot's, 28,. 517,593 bush.; wine, 82,(307 gals.; butter, 107,147,526 lbs.; cheese, 22,7(59,964 lbs.; milk sold, 135,775,919 gals.; hay, 5,614,205 tons.; hops, 17,558,681 lbs., and flax, 3,670,818 lbs. Tlie live stock had a value of $175,882,712, and comprised 536,861 horses ; 4,407 mules and asses ; 1,350,661 milch cows ; 64,141 working oxen ; 630,522 other cattle; 2,181,578 sheep, and 518,251 swine. Manu/aclures.—in 1860 X. Y. had 22,621 manu- facturing establishments, and in 1870, 36,20tK a number which is exceeded onlv by that of Pa. The 4,664 steam-engines had 126,107 horse-power^ and the 9,011 water-wheels, 208,250 horae-power. NEW YOEK. 641 NEW YORK. The number of hands eraployed was 351 800 • the capital invested, $3()fJ,n;U,320 ; tlie wa^-es paid were $U2,4(i(;,75S ; the raw materials consumed i'4l--i\7i^iJ'^,^*"*^-'<'^'''^"'-'-'^nf^t1ie products of JZo?'i'^f ^^' ('\V $73,130,307 more than Pa., and bv $231,282,080 more than Mass.). Tlie principal products of industry, with their values, were as follows: Agricultural implements, $ll,S47 . *?V-7Tnf*',*-^^^?^'^?^%>'^"^''^' belting and hose, $1,3/7.100: book-binding, $4, .55 7,1 19 ; boots and Shoes .':i22,0,:»,S74 ; packing boxes, $2,127,9.53 ; brass loundmg. >il,2s;,i07; bread, crackers and bakery products, S9,.5iif;,153 ; brick, .$4,483,202; brooms and whisp brushes, $3,135,723; carpentering and ImiMmg, $17,.30.J,232; carpets, $5,18(5,176 ; caiTiages and \Yagoiis, $11,049,345; cheese, $12,164,065; men's cot nag .5544,718,491; women's clothing, $4,830- 42.3 ; confectionery, $3,942,391 ; cooperage, ft4,94.5 - oir. ^^"vol^^^'ll' •$10>740,961 ; drugs and chemi- 2i iiS^nAiJ^^'^'^' edge tools, $1,558,545; envelopes, Ir-'n tivT,/; ^I'eai-ms, $1,890,957 ; flour and meal $60,237,220; canned and preserved fruits, $1,059,- 150; furniture, $1,3,715,137; chair.s, $2,.l3d 131 • dressed tiirs. $7,028,488 ; gas, $8,512,706 ; gas and lamp fixtures, .iil,397,000 ; glassware, $2^492 073- gloves and mittens, $3,507,795 ; hardware .42 484 - ti>i ; hats and cap.s, $8,708,723; hoop skirts and corsets .$2 866,619; ho.siery, $5,528,742 ; India-rub- «oy-fHVi '^'i^stic goods, $3,076,720; iron blooms, *.,!/ 1,16b; forged and rolled iron, $16.834 480- lM?.J-'?o;-*^''^r''*''^' "P" castings, not specified,' tl-il'ifn''- ^'^o^es, heaters and hollowware $6,/4'l 210; jewelry, .$9,757,856; lead pipe, $10,732,- « Vin 9'V'°'^ I wM',*''J $?«.9«8.320 ; curried leathei', Si.b,dlO,222; distilled liquors, $3,181,743; malt liquors, $15,818,863 ; planed iumber, $6,33'' ,341 • sawed lumber, .$21,238,228 ; machinery, $11 282 937 • ^fi';;\^'^.19'"'"''^ 5"'^^ hoUers, $8,025,023; malt,' Sb,0.}2,132; marble and stone work, $7,825 354- refined sugar, $42,837,184 ; pianos, $4,4o!2.84 • ead and zinc paint, ,$2,312,500; paper, $io,757,563; L. "^ ?l?'V°"l<',''' $3,322,467; printing aAd publ [ishuig, .|14,854,573; saddlery and harness, ,$3,660 - 9-.); .sash, door and blinds, $6,138,771; sewinJr machines $6,920,140; sewing silk, $15cS,500; soaS and candles, $6,125,018; starch, .^4 678 413 tin eopper and sheet-iron ware, $8,130,944; tobacco and c.gars, $18,940,6.>8; upholstery, $2,923,2^1 and woollen goods, $14,152,625. ' ' Commerce and Railroads.— T^ew York has ten K„H?n™' ^V'f "^''' ^^^•= -'^ew Yo?k and Sag Haibor on the sea.coast,and Champlain,Bufi-alo^ Cape Vincent, Dunkirk, Genesee, Niagara, Os- ^^.ffi^-^'^*^' f,"'^ «s^vego on the lakes and rivers June ^ "R^'V^ ^i^\^\ -°""'^g t'le year ended June 30, 18,2, the total imports of forei^'u com- modities had a value of $438,836,356 ;the"exportg i.,^'t S *?*"'^ number of merchant vessels belong. Of 1.375 19'?2 ' ^^^ ^'"^^^' '^^''^^^ ^^'^ ^ tonnage of'V^fi'^i^^H',^" *Vir® I'eports of the Commissioner ?oa^{ ™ !f;.°^ ^^''""^ -"' ^•^'-' ^liere wei:e 194 rail- chfsivP m- u.?if ^ incorporated by the state (ex- toWMPnon?t.f°''-? I'aili-oad companies). The totallengthof railroads was 4,307, and will be cmn-"^"n'V.'''''^l'^^^^°'^ of ^'i« ^i'^es now n the r.u«fr>.?ni';T,''"""'=^'?'\^'^^" ™ls. Tlte incorpo. lated capital amounted to $392,880,210; the sub- ir ,"^ Har em R. R., f,om New York city to Chatham, with branches (134% mis.); Harlem I^xtension R. R., from Chatham Four Corne?! to Rutland, Vt., 114 mis.; New York & Oswego ms nVi^?- ^-'-.^''T^ ^^'''""SO to Mi.ldleto^n (248 mis.), with branches, 379 mis ); Rome Watertown & Odgensburg' R. R. ^ -^^8 m^ t'- Rensselaer & .Saratoga R. R. (181 mis )- Loi o^ Island R. R. (158 mls.)1 Southern C^iti'al R. T hnTm ml?^^7tc' °" ^'^'^^ ^'^*^^-^'^' *° ^- «^-t4 ci^i^.^^^^f^T?ei:?^a^n^i;j: extends 360 mis. alongthe valley of the aiolia wk f^;:,^w™i -'^"^any to Buflr-alo, thus making, with the Hudson R., an uninterrupted wate? com- munication between New York city and Lake Erie. The Chemung & Chenango' Canal con- nects the Susquehanna R. with Lake Erie and n^^ ^^?n°'\ ^- "^^'^er lines arc the Champlain Canal (60 mis.); the Black River Canal (91 mis )^ „n?pQ^*^°f"?o Canal (97 mis.); the Oswego Cal nal(38mls.); the Cayuga & Seneca Canal (^ mis.); the Chemung Canal (23 mis.), and the Genesee V^alley Canal (107 mis.), connecting the l^n.^th n?''}i "^"^ ^l''^ .Alleghany R. The total length of the canals is 93s mis. The expenses on their account were, in 1872, $2,.537,164, and the revenues from tolls, etc., ,$3,107,138 Weallh, Taxation and Debt. -The assessed val- uation of real estate, in 1870, was $1,532,720,907 and of personal estate, .$434,280,278. The true ^f" J,-*'^?n^'??*',^"ai? °? property was estimated at *b,.500,841,264. The interct bearing debt, in 1870, was $32,409,144, and in 1872, $25,386^726, show- ing a decrease of $7,022,418. The debts of the *?n fi'^a^-l; ^'^"oi''^"^' ^°-!:^^° census, amounted to l;;?'^^;'^*' and ot the cities and towns to .$76 719 - 304. The total of the whole public indebtednes's 7'''^,f^?A^^'^'-^^- 'T'^e total taxation amouiUed to $48,550,.308, of which $,8,720,156 were state taxes and $'24,727 391 county taxes. The tax levy for the year 1872 amounted to 9% mills, of which 5\4 mills were for bounty debt and canal and geii: era! deficiencies. The total amount of taxes collected under this levy was $19,.5S0,8S2 Eduoaiionand Press.— For the year end'ed Sen- tember, 1872 the total receipts for school jm?- lmM>T«r *V '^*^r'^"^ ^"'^ "^° tot'^l expenditures $ 0,322,691, of which $'i,9.53,31S were for teach- ois salaries. The state then had 11,740 school- houses in 11,369 school districts. The number ot children attending public schools was 1 010 - li'r J;iQ°"'J?.'^ schools, 5,657, and private schools, haa', T'^*' ^'-^^^ ^^^^^ ■'^"lee 1850, nearly ,$100,000,1 00 have been expended for the public schools, fh.: .. ?^ testifies to the great interest taken iii them by the people. . There are eight normal schools for the train- mg of teachers in the state, viz.: at Albany. ?.?;';''-^;,2yocl^P"'-tj , Cortland, Fredonia, Pots- dani, Buffalo and Genesee. The number of higher educational institutions is very lar^-e ami includes Columbia College, University of' New iork, Manhattan College and Rutger.s. rVi?! °^n fo»\ female students-all in New York vin^^kV^"^"'* University at Ithaca, the St. Law- lence University at Canton, the Alfred Univer- ? , J fr* .^Ifi'e^l, Hamilton College at Clinton, ^7.^y"^^^^■'^^*^^^' ?' Rochester, Elmira Female ooilege ; Vassar College for young ladies, near Poughkeepsie ; Ingham University at Le Roy, the Baker Collegiate Institute at Brooklyn, and the celebrated Collegiate and Polytechnic In- stitute also at Brooklyn. The 22 higher institu- ,-.'.''iI't',*^?^J.^^''^'^ o^' ^^le professional schools, had, in 1871, o,'207 pupils and 303 instructors. There were further, 36 medical schools, 11 theological seminaries and 5 law schools. The 232 academies had nearly 30,000 pupils and 1,061 instructors. An agricultural college is connected with Cor- nell University, a polytechnic department witU the University of New York, and a minium school with Columbia College. ^ The number of newspapers and periodicala NEW YORK. 642 NEW YORK. published in tlie state, in 1872, was S94 (nearly one-seventh of the nnmbei- published in the United States), including 89 dailies, 3tri-M^eek- lies, 18 semi-weeklies, 568 weeklies, 25 semi- montlilies, 167 monthlies, 2 bi-monthlies and 20 quarterlies. There were pul:)lished 3(5 in the German, 3 in the French, 1 in the Swedish, 5 in the Spanish, 3 in the Italian and 1 in the Portu- guese languages. The total circulation of the periodical publications was 7,501,497. Charitable and Penal IiislUu/ions. — N. Y. has 3 institutions for the deaf and dumb (two at New York city and one, St. Mary's Asylum, at Buf- falo), in which there were under instruction GOG pupils. Institutions for the blind are in New York city and Buffalo. There were confined, on Jan. 1, 1871, 4,484 per- sons in the State Lunatic Asylums, which were the following : The State Lunatic Asylum, at Utica; the Willard Institute, at Ovid; tlie New York Lunatic Asjdum, at New York City ; the King's County Asylum, at Flatbush ; the Mon- roe County Asylum, at Rochester ; the Marshall Institute, "at Troy, and the Providence Asylum, at Buffalo. Other similar institutions were the Blooniingdale Asylum, at New York city, the Asylum on Blaekwell's Island and New York Asylum for Idiots, at Syracuse. The 124 orphan asylums received from the state treasury $313,253, and the 84 hospitals and dispensaries, $343,676. The three State Penitentiaries, at.Sing Sing, Auburn and Clinton, are but partially self-sup- porting. In 1871, the state contributed $470,307 toward their maintenance. The House of Ref- uge and tlie Juvenile Asylum, on Randall's Is- land, the Western House' of Refuge, at Roches- ter, and the Catholic Protectory at West Farms, are correctional institutions for youthful delinquents. Oovernment. — Hendrick Hudson, an English navigator, in the service of the Dutch Fast In- dia Company, was the tirst European who (in 1609) entered the Bay of New York and explor- ed the river now bearing his name. Four years later the Dutch established trading posts on Manhattan Island and below Albany. In 1614 the colony i-eceived the name of '■ New Nether- lands," but, in 1664, the Duke of York appeared with a squadron before New Amsterdam and demanded its surrender. Governor Stuyvesant had to jneld, and the colony received the name of New' York. The Dutch retook it in 1673 ; but in the following year it was finally ceded to the English by the treaty of Westminster. N. Y. is one of the original 13 states of the (Jnion ; framed a constitution in 1777, and rati- fied the United States constitution July 26, 1788. The state constitution has been amended sev- eral times. The constitution framed by the convention in session from June to October, 1846, was ratified at the general election in No- vember following. In 186() the measure of hold- ing a convention was approved by the people ; and in June, 1867, the convention met, and ter- minated its labors in February, 1868. The new constitution was siil)mitted to the people, but only theaniemUHl .Judiciary Article was adopted. With this exception, the consti- tution of 1846 is .still in force. Every male citizen of the age of 21 yeai'9, who Shall have been a citizen for 10 days, and an in- habitant of the state one year next preceding ftiiy eUiCtion, and for the last 4 months a resi- dent of the county where he may offer his vote, shall be entitled to vote. But colored citizens are required to possess a freehold estate of $250 in value over and above all debts and encum- brances. The legislative power is vested in a Senate and Assembly. The Senate consists of Ai mem- bers and the Senators are chosen for 2 years. The Assembly consists of 128 members, who are elected annually. The executive power is vested in a Governor, who must be 30 years of age and must have been a resident of the state for 5 years next preced- ing an election. The Governor is elected for two years at the times and places of (;hoosing members of the Assembly. The Lieutenant- Governor is chosen for 2 years and is president of the Senate, but only has a casting vote therein. The Secretary of State, Comptroller, Treas- urer, Attorney-General and State Engineer and Surveyor are chosen at a general election for 2 years. Three Canal Commissioners and thi-ee In- spectors of State Prisons are chosen for thrcp, years. The Assembly has the power of impeachmoit . The court for the trial of impeachments is composed of the president of the Senate, the senators, or the major part of them, ami the judges of the Court of Appeals, or the major part of them. The Court of Appeals is composed of a Chief Judge and six Associated Justices, who arc chosen by the electors for a term of 14 years. The state is divided into eight districts, each of which has a Supreme Court. The Supreme Court has general jurisdiction in law and equity, subject to the appellate juris- diction of the Court of Appeals. Five of the justices reside in the district which is the city of New Y''ork ; and four in each of the other districts. The state is divided into eight dis- tricts. The justices of the Supreme Court are elected for 14 years. Every county has its County Court, Surrogate Court and several Justices of the Peace. N. X. is divided into the following 60 counties : Albany, Allegany, Broome, Cattaraugus, Cayu- ga, Chautauqua, Chemung, Chenango, Clinton, Columbia, Cortland, Delaware, Dutchess, Erie, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Genesee, Greene, Hamilton, Herkimer, Jetferson, Kings, Lewis, Livintjston, Madison, Monroe, Montgomery, New York, Niagara, Oneida, Onondaga, Ontario, Orange, Orleans, Oswego, Otsego, Putnam, Queens, Rensselaer, Richmond, Rockland, Sar- atoga, Schenectady, Schoharie, Schuyler, Sene- ca, Steuben, St. Lawrence, Suffolk, Sullivan, Tioga, Tompkins, Ulster, Warren, Washing- ton, Wayne, Westchester, Wj'oming, Yates. Albany is the capital of the state, and has 69,422 inhabitants. The other principal cities, with their populations, are : New York, 942,292 ; Brooklyn, 396,09i); Buffalo, 117,714; Rochester, 62,386 ; Troy, 46,051 ; Svracuse, 43,051 ; Utica, 28,- 804; Oswego, 20,910; Poughkcepsie, 20,800; Au- burn, 17,225; Newburgh, 17,004; Elmira, 1.5,863; Cohoes, 15,257 ; Binghamton, 12,692 ; Lockport, 12,426; Schenectady, 11,026; Rome, 11.006; West Troy, 10,693; Rondout, 10,114; Ogdensburg, 10,- 114; Watertown, 9,336; Ithaca, 8,762; Hudson, 8,615, Saratoga Springs, 7,516 ; Peekskill, 6,.5()0 ; Kingston, 6,315; Port Jervis, 6,377; Lansingburgh, 6,372; Flushing, 6,223; Middletown, 6,049; Seneca Falls, 5,890 ; Geneva, 5,521 ; Jamestown, 5,336 ; Dunkirk, .5,231, and Plattsburg, 5,139. New York, co. in N. Y''., S. part. It is co-ex- tensive with the city of New York. Pop., 942,- 292 ; in 1860, 813,609. Agr. prdductiODS in 1870 : Irish pot's, 6,135 bush.; sweet pot's, 35 bush.*, hay, 1,730 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,144,475. Total, estimated, value -of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $373,- 534. Value of manufactures, $332,951,.520. (Seo New York city.) *Iffew YorK, city, the commercial metropolis of the western continent and the third largest city of the civilized world ; lies in 41° N. lat.j 74°' long. W. of Gi-eenwich, and 3° long. E. ot Washington. It is co-extensive with N(;w York CO., N. Y., and occupies Manhattan Is- land, which is washed on the W. by the Hud. son R. and the E. by Long Island Sound, hero called "East River;" is 13J^ mis. long and in the mean 1 3-5 mis. wide, and has an area 22 sq. NEW YORK. 643 NEW YORK. mis. Hai'lem E. and Spuyten Duyvil Cr. sepa- rate it from the main land. The former joins the East R. opposite Wards' Island ; the lat- ter empties into the Hudson R. The southern part ot New York forms a triangle, which ter- minates in the S. W. with the Battery, at the junction of the Hudson and East Rs. Xew York B. extends from the Battery to the Nar- rows between Long Island and Staten Island, is from 50 to 60 feet deep and from 1 to oV^mls. •wide. Randall's, Wards' and Blackwell's is- lands in the East R., and BeiUoe's, Ellis' and Governor's islands in the baj', belong to the city. On the three last named are the United Statesforts— Wood, Ellis, Castle William and Colunibus. The strait known as the " Nar- rows," 11 mis. S. of the Battery, connects New York B.. or the " Upper B.,'' with the " Lower B.," the entrance to which is between Sandy Hook and Uoney Island. The Narrows are defended by Forts Lafayette and Hamilton on Long Island and Tompkins and Richmond on Staten Island. The city is compactly built for 5 to 6 mis. above tlie Battery, and beyond is occupied by handsome villas and the imposing structures of several charitable institutions. Below Fourteenth Street it is somewhat irregularly laid out ; but above this line straight parallel streets extend from river to river, and are intersected at right angles by IfJ wide avenues I'unning N. and S. The Battery is a park IQi^ acres large, with lawns and flue shade trees, and is situated at the southern extremity of the island. The water front is secured by a sea-wall, and from the broad promenade above admirable views are had of the bay with its shipping, steam, boats and ferries. The round structure on the Battery known as "Castle Garden" was built in 1807 for a fort, but became afterward an opera and concert house, and is now used as a depot for immigrants, who are here re- ceived from their ships. White Hall Street extends from the Barge oflice, on the E. of the Battery, northward to Bowling Green, a small park of considerable historical interest, and from this runs the grand avenue, the famous "Broadway," due N. to Tenth Street, and thence N. N. W. to Central Park. It is the principal business street of the city, and with its magnificent stores and business houses, its palatial hotels and banking houses, its throngs of omnibuses and handsome equi- liages, its leisurely " flaneurs" and eager busi- ness crowds, presents a more animated and brilliant picture than any other thoroughfare in the world. A short distance above Bowl- ing Green is Trinity Church, a noble Gothic brown-stone building, with a spire 284 feet high, and standing in the venerable grave- yard in which are buried many men of his- toric fame. Wall Street, running E. from Trinity Church, is the financial center of the eountrj', the re- sort of the bankers and brokers. Here is the stately United States Sub-treasury, on the site f)f the hall where Washington was inau- gurated first President of the United States in 1789. Further down the street is the United States Custom House, a massive marble and granite structure, which was originally built for a merchants' exchange. Broad Street leads otf from Wall Street (opposite the Trea- sury) and contains the beautiful buildings of the Stock Exchange and Gold Exchange. Returning to and going up Broadway, we pass the colossal pile of the Equitable Life In- surance Company, crowned by a clock tower and a weather telegraph ; the 'marble palace of the "New York Herald," and the "Park Bank," built in the Florentine Renaissance style. On the W. side is the " Astor House," the oldest of the grand hotels in the country, and still holding its rank as one of the best. Park Row here stretclies off from Broad- way obliquely to theN. E. It is lined with the buildings of the great daily papers, the " Tri- bune," " Times,""" Staats Zeitung" (German), "World," "Sun," and otliers of less renown, while in the vicinity are those of the fore- most weeklies of the country, the " Nation," the " Independent," the " Christian Union," etc. The triangular space between Broadway and Park Row forms the " City Hall Park," at the southern end of which stands the new United States Post-ofHce, one of the most sub- stantial and magnificent structures in the country. It is built of granite in the Renais- sance style, fire-proof ttiroughout, and has a frontage on Broadway of 340 feet. The City Hall is a white marble building, 21S feet long and 105 feet wide, ornamented with pUasters and crowned by a clock tower. Near it, and at the northern front of the Park on Cham- bers Street, stands the new Court House, '2.50 feet long and built of white marble, a truly palatial edifice, with a highly ornamented Corinthian vestibule. Opposite the Court House is the great marble building devoted to A. T. Stewart's wholesale business. Pass- ing up Broadwaj'^ we find it lined on either side with immense and costly structures, the most prominent of which only can be men- tioned here, as the New York Life Insurance Company, with its Ionic portico ; the vast St. Nicholas" Hotel, of white marble ; the Metropo- litan Hotel, of brownstone ; the lofty Grand Central, with eight stories and louvre domes ; the great retail houses, with their brilliant show windows ; the theaters, museums and other i^leasure resorts. The entire block be- tween Broadway, Ninth and Tenth Streets and Fourth Avenue, is occupied by the colos- sal iron building of A. T. Stewart's retail store, and on the opposite corner stands the Epis- copal "Grace Church," the house of worship for one of the most fashionable congregations of tlie city. Further N. is Fourteenth Street, running from river to river, with the Acade- mv of Music, Steinway's Music Hall, the Ger- miinia Theatre, and other places of amuse- ment, and bounding Union Square, which is surrounded by hotels, and fine stores, as Tiffa- ny's great jewelry establishment. One block E. of Union Square is the Westminster Hotel, one of the finest and most aristocratic in the city. Following Broadway to Twenty-third Street, Madison Square is reached, with the famous Fifth Avenue Hotel, the Albemarle Hotel, the Hoffman House, and on the oppo- site side tlie highly ornate Union League Club. On the \V. side of Madison Square, Broadway is intersected by Fifth Avenue, containing more costly and palatial mansions than any other street in the world, foremost among which is the great marble dwelling of A. T. Stewart, a palace princely in extent and mag- nificence. The Bowery, E. of Broadway and nearly parallel, connects with Fourth Avenue in the N. and through Chatham Street with Park Row in the S., and contains many large Init less pretentious retail stores, banks, hotelsi, saloons and places of amusement. The block between Seventh and EighthStreets and Third and Fourth Avenues is occupied bj' the Coop- er Institute, founded and liberally endowed by the great philanthropist Peter Cooper. It contains a library, a free reading-room, with the leading periodicals of the world, and rooms in which courses of lectures and spe- cial studies are given. Close by are the Mer- cantile Library (150,000 volumes), in the old As- tor Place Opera House ; the Astor Library, in a large Romanesque building, in Lafayette Place (150,000 volumes) ; the "Bible House," the property of the American Bible Society,which issues vast numbers of Bibles (9,000,000 since NEW YORK. 644 NEW YORK. 1817) ; the yellow sanrtstone building of the New York "Historical Society, etc. Hifjher up the avenue is the National Academy of Design, built of gray and white maible in the Italian Gothic style (Venetian), and containing halls in which exhibitions of paintings and stat- uary are held. Near it is the large structure of the Young Men's Christian Association. On Fourth Avenue and Fortj'-Second Street Islhe Grand Central Depot, the converging point of the New York, New Haven & Hart- ford R. R., the New Y'orlc Central & Hudson River B. R. and the Harlem R. R. It covers three acres, is 700 feet long and has a stately front with three lofty louvre domes. Two squares W. of it is the Distributing Rcsei-voir Of the Croton Aqueduct, 44 feet high, 420 feet sfiuare, with an area of four acres and a capacity of 23,000,000 gallons. The Central Park is between Fifth and Eighth Avmuies and P'ift-y-ninth andOne-Hun- dred-and-Twelfth Streets. It Is ]A n\le. wide and 214 mis. long, and includes a rectangular area of .S(J3 acres, of wliich 183 acres are covered with reservoirs of Croton water. The carriage roads have a total length of 15 mis., the bridle paths of 8 mis. and the walks of 25 mis. The design of Fred. L. Olmsted has, in the main, been carried out, and the park is now to be classed among the most beautiful in tlie world. New York has over 350 churches, many of which are very fine and sumptuous buildings. The Cathedral of St. Paul (Roman Catholic), in gotliic stj'le, was commenced in 1858, and will be the grandest church edifice in the country. It occupies the highest point on Fifth Avenue, and tlie front will be flanked by two towers 328 feet high. St. George's Church (Episcopal), an elegant Romanesque building, on Stuyvesant Square, has a beauti- ful front with twin towers 245 feet high. The Church of All Saints (Methodist), in Byzan- tine architecture, has a fine cupola and is built of alternate layers of brick and white inarl)le. On the corner of Fifth Avenue and Forty-Third Streets is the Jewish Temple Emmanuel, the chief of the 27 synagogues of the city. It has a most supi'rbh- decorated in- terior, designed after the Moorish palace, Al- hambra, in Spailn. New York is supplied with water by the Croton Aqueduct, which brings the water from Croton R. (over 40 mis. distant) to the reservoirs in Central Park and on Fifth Avenue. Th« original cost of this great work was $9,000,000. New Yorlcisthe terminus of the New York Central & Hudson River R. R., the Harlem R. R. and the New Yorlc, New Haven & Hartford R. R. By ferry transfer it communicates with the term'ini of the Eric R. R., the Northern R. R. of New Jersey, the New Y'ork & Oswego Midland R. R., the Central R. R. of New Jer- sey, the Camden.& Amboy R. R. and the rail- roads of Long Island, and by steamboat with Sandy Hook, the terminus of tlie New .Jersey Southern R. R. and with Vanderbilt's Land- ing, the terminus of the Staten Island R. R. The distance to Albany is 143 mis.; to Boston, 234 mis,; to New Haven, 74 mis.; to Philadel- phia, 89 mis., and 22G mis. to Washington. With the surrounding cities of Brooklyn, Jersey City, Hoboken, etc., New Y'orlc is con- nected by 2(5 lines of ferryboats. The mag- nilieent steamei-s on the "Hudson run to Al- banj', Troy and intermediate places, and on the Sound to Stamford, Bridgei^ort, New Ha- ven, Stonington, Fall River, Hartford, etc., while other linos atford access to all the im- l^ortant points of Long Island, Staten Island, and on the New Jersey coast. Over 30 lines of ocean steamei-s maintained, in 1872, regular communication between New York and the transatlantic ports of America aud Europe, viz. : (i English lines (Cunard, In- man, Guyon, National, Anchor, and White Star) ; 3 Cierman (the North German Lloyd, the Hamburgh American Co. and the Stettin Lloyd) ; 1 French (the " Havre Line "), etc. Populalion. — The first settlement on Man- hattan Island was made by Hendrick Chris- tiansun in 1(513. At the clos'e of the following year the future metropolis consisted of a small fort on the site of the present Bowling Green, and four houses, and was known as New Amsterdam. In 16(54 it was surrendered to the British, and passing into the hands of the Duke of Y'ork, received its present name. In 1(577 it contained 384 houses, and in 1700 the population had increased to about (5,000; in 1731 to 8,1)28, in 175(5 to 10,381, in 1700 to 33,131, iiv 1800 to 60,489, in IS-JO to 123,70(5 (when it became the largest citv in the United States), in 18.50 to 515,547, in 18(50 to 805,(551. and inlS70 to 942,292. The population is truly cosmopolitan, and in 1870 included 523,198 natives of the United States, with 484,108 of the state and 419,094 na- tives of foreign countries. Of these were born in Austria (proper), 2,737 ; in Germany, 151,203; in Switzerland, 2,178; in England, 24,- 442 ; in Ireland, 201,999 ; in British America, 4,419; in France, 8.265; in Denmark, 682; in Sweden, 1,558; in Norway, 374; in Ilolland, 1,237 ; in Belgium, 325 ; in Italy, 2,793 ; in Spain, 453 ; in Poland, 2,393, and in Russia, 1,151. There were engaged in all classes of occu- pations 3.50,556 persons, viz.: in agriculture, 1,401 ; in professional and personal services, 115,2.59 ; in trade and transiiortation, 88,611, and in manufactures and mechanical trades, 14.5,- 285. The professions were represented by 715 clergymen, 316 journalists, 1,283 lawyers, 1,741 physicians and surgeons, and 3,511 "teachers. The classes of occupations above enumerated included 49,440 domestic servants, 28,451 labor- ers, 23,872 traders and dealers, 27,590 clerks, salesmen and accountants in stores, 9,813 car- men, draymen and teamsters, 3,8.55 bakers, 3,533 blacksmiths, 6,960 boot and shoemakers, 6,586 masons and stone-cutters, 4,^70 butchers, 5,071 cabinet-makers and upholsterers, 10,427 carpenters and joiners, 1,101 confectioners, 1,606 coopers, 3,787 machinists, 9,747 milliners, mantua-makers, etc., 5,824 painters and var- nishers, 2,584 pluml)ers and gas fitters, 5,134 printers and 18,.564 tailors and seamstresses. New York, measured by the value of pro- ducts, is the first manufacturing city in the Union, but measured by the number of estab- lishments, hands employed, capital invested and materials consumed, is second to Phila- delphia. It had, in 1870, 7,624 establishments, which employed 129,577 hands (including 91,- .305 males, 32,231 females and 5,991 youths), and used 1,261 steam-engines, with 28,716 horse- power. The capital invested was §129,952,262, and the wages paid amounted to .•j!(52,S24,0I9. The raw materials consumed had a value of $178,696,939, and the total products of $332,951,- 520. The principal articles produced were : agri- cultural implements, $;K5.000 ; artificial flow- ers, $767,475; bags, $1, 774,(500; leather belting and hose, $1,093,000; book-binding, $4,187,315; boots and shoes, $6,935,365; packing boxes, $2,872,759 ; brass founding and finishing, $1,- 091,117 ; bread, crackers, etc., $6,728,587 : car- pets, $;3,702,600; carriages and wagons, $3,684,- 578; men's clothing, .$;14,45(>,S84 ; drugs and chemicals, $2,2,52,9.>0 ; flour and meal, $.5,999,- 600 ; furniture, $10,2,5!),045 ; furs dressed, $6,780,- 488; hats and caps, $4,665,957; India rubber goods, $1,606,000 ; iron castings, $7,243,027 ; jew- elry, $9,394,700; lead pipe, $10,607,800; malt liquors, $7,770,(580 ; machinery, $1,689,410 ; mar- ble and stone work, $4,132,880 ; refined sugar and molasses, $25,794,333 ; pianos, $3,863,225 ; printing paper, $2,737,000; patent medicines, $2.64,5,000; printing (of all kinds, book, job and newspaper), $11,574,931 ; sewing machines, NEW YORK. 645 NEW YORK. 1^6,660.140 ; soap and candles, $4,522,710 ; cigars, $5,956,970; tobacco, $4,149,781; type founding, $1,278,'252 , umbrellas and caues, $1,812,839 ; watch cases, $1,754,400, and wii'e work, $1,424,- 380. Commerce and Shipping. — No city In the (vorld enjoys greater natural facilities for commerce, domestic as well as foreign, than New York. Tlie harbor is deep, capacioiis and of easy access ; tlie Hudson li., in connection v/ith the Erie Canal, affords water communi- cation with the great lakes, and the railroads, terminating at or near the city, extend to all parts of the Union. T'.ic exports and imports during the last four fiscal years (ending June 30th) were as folio ws . Imports. Domestic Exports. 1569 .... $306,357,673 $227,335,154 1570 315,200,022 254,137,208 1871 384,802,300 298,531,772 1872 418,515,829 270,413,674 Tlie annexed table exhiljits the leading ar- ticles exceeding $3,000,000 in value, imported to and exported from the port of New York for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1872, compared with the aggregate of the United States for the same period. DOMESTIC Articles. Gold and Silver Bul- lion, and Gold and Silver Coin Cotton — bales, 351,275 ; lbs., 1(11.323,538 Wheat — bush., 17,889,- 037 Oils, Illuminating — galls., 70,097.897 Bacon and Hams— lbs., 185,432,236 Lard— lbs., 1.55,795,832.. Indian-corn — bush., 18,- 331,147 Leaf Tobacco— lbs., 122,328,285 Wheat Flour — bbls., 1,138,035 Cheese— lbs., 65,421,331. Tallow— lbs., 56,,328,486. Seeds (clover, timothy, garden, and other)... Furs and Fur Skins EXFOETS. Port of New York. $52,190,940 30,741,904 27,444,656 17,970,342 15,888,433 15,633,070 13,766,001 3,374,351 8,137,163 7,049,085 5,201,402 3,437,518 3, 161, -,574 Total U.S. $ 72,798,240 180,684,595 38,915,060 30,566,108 21,126,.592 20,177,619 23,984,365 24,136,166 17,955,684 7,752,918 6,973,189 3,765,025 3,343.005 Total $214,597,042 $452,178,.566 All other articles 55,816,632 97,041,152 Total domestic ex- ports $270,413,674 $549,219,718 Kecapitulatlon of the foreign commerce of the port of New York, as compared with the aggregate of the United States, for the year ending June 30, 1872: Port of Foreign Merchandise. New i'ork. Total U. S. Imported $118,515,829 $040,338,766 Re-exported 15,161,218 22,769,749 Consumed and on hand $403,354,611 $617,569,017 Domestic Produce ex- ported $270,413,674 $549,219,718 Excess of foreign im- ports over domestic exports $132,940,937 $68,349,299 Total foreign commerce of tlie port of New York $704,690,721 Total foreign couaraerce of all other ports of the United States 508,237,512 Total foreign commerce of the United States $1,212,328,233 FOREIGN IMPORTS. Port of Articles. New Y^ork. Total U. 3. Woollen manufactures $44,128,393 $52,408,471 Sugar (brown) — lbs., 794,137,232 43,627,734 79,129.059 Silk manufactures 34,046,008 36,448,618 Cotton manufactures.. 30,986,069 3r,307.447 Coffee— lbs., 168,601,128.. 21,798,786 37,942,225 Flax manufactures 18,143,679 21,220,196 Tea— lbs., 46,146,822 15,547,681 22,943.573 Wool— lbs., .59,869,356.. .. 12,786,160 26,214,195 Hides and Skins other than furs 9,150,517 12,973,901 Tin, in Plates — cwts., 1,148,715 8,365,699 12,312,428 Leather of all Irinds — lbs., 10,761,856 7,342,589 7,642,973 Fruits of all kinds 7,263,698 10,383,466 Railroad Bars — lbs., 426,791,027 6,891,881 15,778,941 Chemicals and Drugs.. 6,002,636 7,471,188 Wines, Spirits & Cor- dials 5,894,469 8,582,213 Glass and Glassware... 4,872,115' 5,834,712 India-rubber and Gut- ta Percha, crude- lbs., 11,260,9,56 4,608,423 4,789,590 Railroad Bars of Steel lbs., 17.5.870,488 4,519,170 6,277,694 Fancy Goods 4,460,137 5,130,785 Gloves of all kinds — ^ doz. pairs, 664,652 4,251,664 4,057,041 Molasses — galls. 17,250,- 820 4,058,278 10,627,511 Tobacco Leaf— lbs., 8,- 79!t,S4S 3,828,553 4,326,142- Earthen, Stone, and Cliinaware 3,341,441 5,270,785 Flaxseed— bush., 2,234,- 4S4 3,268,143 4,318,030 Watches and Watch Materials 3.214,710 3,448,983 Rags— lbs., 76,1.39,629.... 3;030,3S5 4,890,045 Total $315,429,018 $146,339,522 All other articles 103,086,811 193,999,2-44 Total foreign imports $418,,515,829 $640,.338,766 It should be borne in mind that the foreign imports represent gold values, and the do- mestic exports, except $72,798,240 of coin and bullion, are in currency values, from which an average of about 10 per oent. should be deducted to make the basis of the latter equal to that of the former. During the year ended Juno 30, 1872, 2,189 American vessels of 1,008,069 tons, and 3,452 foreign vessels of 2,961,270 tons, entered into the port from foreign countries ; and 1,716 American vessels of 852,478 tons, and 3,347 for- eign vessels of 2,896,038 tons, cleared from the port for foreign countries. In the same year the number of American steamers which entered into the port was 184, of 267,443 tons, and of foreign steamers 641, of 1,833,819 tons ; the number of American steam- ers which cleared from the port was 1 72, of 347.307 tons, and of foreign steamers 639, of 1,797,398 tons. The commercial fleet belonging to New Y'ork comprised 2,4;3;j sailing vessels, of 462,251 tons ; 679 steam vessels, of 313,689 tons, and 2,201 un- rigged vessels, of 256,753 tons, making an ag- gregate of 5,.538 vessels of 1,038,325 tons. Education, etc. — The school of the Heformed Protestant Dutch Church, founded under Stuyvesant's administration, was tlie first public school of the city, and the schools re- mained Dutch long after the colony had pass- ed into tlie possession of England. The in- creasing Englisli immigration, however, led to the establishment of English schools, the first of which was opened in 1710, by William Huddlestone. In 1795 tlie legislature granted NEW YOTIK 646 NIAGAEA FALLS. $50,000 annually for the promotion of the edn- cational intevests of tlie city, and incorporat- ed the " Free School Society," which subse- quently became tlie "Public School Society." The Boai'd of Education was organized in 1842, and when the Public School Society was dissolved, in 1853, assumed the sole control of the public schools of the city. In 1871 the number of pupils in all public schools was 100,170, and of teachers 1,745. On January 1, 1872, the following institutions were subject to the Board of Education: two Normal schools, witli B male and -l-i female teachers; the Model Primary school, with ij fe- male teachers; the Saturday Morning school, with II teachers; the Colored Xormiu school, will! -J teachers; 94 Grammar schools, with 1.0.5!i teachers and ."0,690 pupils; 6 Colored Grammar schools; 100 Primary schools, with l..!li) tcucliers and 53,751 pupils; 1 Evening lligli scliool, with 31 teachers and 909 pupils, and 34 Evening schools, with 358 teachers and 11,783 pupils. Tlie following charitable institutions re- ceived support from the school fund : the New York Orphan Asylum, the Protestant Half- Orphan Asylum, the New York House of Re- fuge, the Leake's and Watt's Orphan House, the Colored Orphan Asylum, Home for the Eriendless; the Home School, the 11 Indus- trial Schools of the American Female Guardi- an Society, the Five Points' House of Indus- try, the Ladies' Missionary Home ; the New York Juvenile Asylum, the lloinan Catholic Asylum, the House of Keception of the New York Juvenile Asylum, the Nursery and Child's Hospital and the 20 Industrial Schools and 5 Lodging Houses of the Children's Aid Society. The receipts of the school fund in the school year 1870 to 1871 amounted to $2,7>i4,049, of which $4'22,'21(j were from the state school fund, the same amount from the county fund, and $1,537,7.50 from taxes. The expenses were §2,733 591, of which $227,977 were for the erec- tiou of new school-houses, and .$1,891,905 for teachers' salaries. The live collegiate institutions are Colum- bia College (founded in 1754), 12 instructors and 117 students; College of tlie City of New York (founded in 1854), 30 instructors and 723 .students, of whom 410 were in the prepara- tory department; University of the City of New York (founded in 1831), 35 instructors and 107 students : College of St. Francis Xavi- er (founded in 1847), 25 instructors and 477 students, and Manhattan College (founded In 1803) 43 instructors and 031 students. The two last named are lloman Catholic. The other higher educational institutions are St. Catho rine's School of Our Lady of Mercy, St. Steph- en's Latin School, Kutgers Female College; the College of Pharmacy of Now York, the New Y'ork College of Dentistry, the Homoeo- pathic Medical Collegt^, the New Y'ork Medi- cal College for Women, the Bellevue Hosjntal Medical College, the College of Physicians and Surgeons, the Protestant Episcopal Theo- logical Seminary, etc. New Y'ork had, in 1872, 97 benevolent and charitable institutions, among which are 13 orphan asylums, 13 poor houses, 4 work houses, '•• asylums for women, 4 asylums for the aged and intirm, 4 houses of coi'reetion, 1 institu- tion for the cure of inebriates, 3 insiitutions for the blind and the deaf and dumb, 1 found- ling house, 1 lunatic asylum, and 41 hospitals and dispensaries. 2'he Prens of the city comprises over 300 dif- ferent publications, of which 19 were German. 3 French, 1 Scandinavian, 4 Spanish, 2 Italian and 1 Portuguese, but the great majority English. The daily papers numbered 29, the weekly 280. The principal dailies, with their circulatiou in 1873, arc the loilowiug: "New Y'ork Herald," 88,000 : " Tribune," 40,000 ; '• Times," 42.,,8.-i2. Nias'ara City, v. in Niagara co., N. Y'., on Niagara R., at N. ternnnus of Suspension Bridge & Niagara Falls Branch of the. Erio R. R., W. terminus of Suspension Bridge Braneli of New Y'ork Central R. R. and east- ern terminus of Great Western R. R of Can- ada, liJ^ mis. N. of >Jiagara Falls. The p. o. and R. R. station is Suspension Bridge. Pop., 2,270. ♦Niagara Falls, p. v. in Niagara CO., N. Y., ou tho Lockport, Lewistown & Suspension NIAGARA RIVER. 647 NILES. Briclgo Division of tlie New Yorlc Central R. R , and the Buffalo and Suspension Bridge D'vision of the Erie R. R., at the Falls of Niagara, 20 mis. N. of Buffalo. Its impor- tftnce is due to the wonderful natural attrac- tions of the spot and vicinage, chief among v*liioli are t lie Falls of tlie river, 157 feet in perpendicular height, with a total width of 2,i?00 feet, and an estimated depth of "20 feet of water on the verge. They are 20 mis. below the exit of the R. from Lake Erie and 14 above its entrance into Lake Ontario. The rapids extend back 5^ of a nile. from the crest, and have a fall of 51 feet in that distance. Goat Island, \'i of a mle. wide and ^ a mle. long, ejctenils to the brow of the precipice and divides the tails into two portions, that on the American side (the American Falls) being 161 feet high and 900 feet wide, while that on the Canadian side (the Horseshoe Falls, from their curvilinear shape,) is 150 feet high and 1,900 feet across. The American Falls are again divideil unequallj'^ near the precipice hy Iris Is- land, leaving the greater quantity of water next the New York shore. The Falls are sur- rounded by objects of interest and surprise, as the many picturesque islands above, the weird chasins and caves beneath, the deep canon and mighty whirlpool below, and the fibrous bridges that span the writhing waters at giildy herghts. The village contains sev- eral fine hotels and has a resident population of 3,00(i, and one newspaper. STiag'ara River connects the E. end of Lake Erie with Lake Ontario, and separates the State of New York from the Canadian Pro- vince of Ontario. Its course is short (3t mis.), but it carries an immense amount of water, and as Lake Ontario is 331 feet lovver than Lake Erie, it forms the world renowned Niagara Falls. (See precedingarticle.) Oftheislands in it, the following belong to New York : Grand, Squaw, Strawberry, Rattlesnake, To- wando, Beaver, Buckhorn, Ca5'uga and Goat Islands. • Niaiig'na, p. o. in Webster co.. Mo. Niantic, p. v. in New London co.. Conn., on the Long Island Sound and the Shore Line Division of the New York & New Haven R. R., 9/i mis E. of Lyme. Niantic, tn. in Macon co., 111. Pop., 977. Kiantic, )i. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 12 mis. W. of Deca- tur. Niantic, p. o. in Washington co., R. I. Nicassio, p. o. in Marin co:, Cal. Sficassio, tn. in Marin co., Cal. Pop., 592. Nicbolas, CO. in Ky., N. E. part. Area, 290 sq. mis. Fop., 9,129 ; in 1860, 11,030. The surface is diversifled and the soil productive. The Licking R. forms part of its E. boundary and intersects it. On its banks is the Blue Lick Spring, a famous watering place. The Mays- ville & Lexington R. R. passes through the CO. Carlisle is the co. seat. Agr. productions inlS70: Wheat, 39,397 bush.; rye, 24,638 bush.; Indian-eorn, 665,795 bush.; oats, 68,304 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,820 busli.; sweet pot's, 1,295 bush.; butter, 163,448 lbs.; hay, 2,345 tons. Cash value of farms, -$3,593,935. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $873,268. Value of manufactures, $180,615. Blicbolas, 30. in W. Va., E. part. Area about 1,200 S(i. mis. Pop., 4,458 ; in 1860, 4,627. The Gauley R. intersects the co. from W. to E., tJien forms part of the southern boundary, and at the 8. W. corner joins the Groat Kaiiawha R. The surface is greatly diversifled bj' hill and dale. Nicholas Court House is the co.seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 10,242 bush,; rye, 1,331 bush.; Indian-corn, 101,300 bush.; oats, 38,365 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,247 bush.; but- ter, 164,990 lbs.; hay. 3,029 tons. Cash value of farms, $641,456. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $315,854. Value of manufactures, •*79,733. Nicholas Court House, p. o. in the v. of Smnmersville and the co. seat of Nicholas CO., W. Va.. 48 mis. E. of Charleston. *3ficliolasville, p. v. ami the co. scat of Jes- samine CO., Ky., on the Kentucky Central R. R.. 13 mis. S. of Lexington. It lies in a fertile agricultural district, and is the seat of the Bethel Academy and the Jessamine Female Institute. Fop., 1,089. Bfichollsville, p. o. in Crenshaw co. , Ala. Nichols, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Nichols, tn. in Tioga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,663. Nichols, p. v. ii\ the above tn., on the SusquO hanna R. and the Chenango Extension Canai, 2 nils. S. E. of SmithsborougU. Pop., 281. Nichols, p. o. in Marion co., S. 0. Nicholsost, tn. in Fayette Co., Pa. Pop., 1,359. Nicholson, tn. in Wyoming co., Pa. Pop., 1.546. ^Nicholson, p. v. in the above tn., on the Del- aware, Laekawana & Western R. R., 21 mis. N. ofScranton. One newspaper. Nicholson Store, p. o. in Choctaw co., Ala. Nicholsonville, p. o. in Cleveland co., N. C. Nichol Station, p. o. in Muscatine co., Iowa. Nieholsville, p. o. in Clermont co., Ohio. Nicholvillc, p. V. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y., on the East Fork of the St. Regis R., 9 mis. S. «f North Lawrence. Pop., 300. NicUelsville, p. o. in Scott Co., Va. NicUerson, p. o. in Reno CO., Kans. Nickleville, p. o. in Venango co.. Pa. Nicktown, p. o. in Cambria co.. Pa. Nicojack, p. o. in the v. of Shell Mound ia Marion co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Chatta- nooga R. R. Nicoiaus, tn. in Sutter co., Cal. Pop., 799. Nicolaus, p. V. in the above co., 14 mis. from Lincoln. Nicollet, CO. in Minn., S. central part. Area, 486 sq. mis. Pop., 8,362 ; in 1860, 3,773. It occU' pies the angle in the great bend of the IMinne- sola R., which forms the south-western ana south-eastern boundaries. The surface is roll- ing and the soil productive. The co. has nu- merous lakes. St. Peter is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 315,803 bush. ; rye, 648 bush.; Indian-corn, 83,2.56 bush.; oats, 264,- 565 bush.; Irish pot's, 36,15S bush.; butter, 250,- ' 844 lbs.; hay, 24,446 tons. Cash value of farms, §1,907,475. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $645,855. Value of manufactures, $265,419. Nicollet, tn. in the above co. Pop., 658. Nicollet, p. o. in the above tn. Nicollet Station, p. o. in Nicollet co., Minn. Niconza, p. v. in Miami co., Ind., 17 mis. from Peru. Nig-hting'ale mountains, a lofty range la Humbolilt CO., Nev. Ter., trend N. and S. along the eastern bank of tlie Winnemucca Lake. Nile, p. o. in Brown co., Minn. Nile, p. V. in Allegany co., N. Y., 3 mis. S. of Friendship. Nile, tn. in Scioto co., Ohio. Pop., 1,473. Niles, tn in Cook CO., 111. Pop., 1,791. Niles, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. of Jeffer- son. Niles, tn. in Delaware co., Ind. Pop., 1,140. Niles, tn. in Floyd co. , Iowa. Pop., 561. Niles, p. o. in Van Buren co., Iowa. Niles, tu. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop.. 6,539. *Niles, city in the above tn., on the St. Joseph R., on the'Michigan Central R. R. and the Air Line Division of the same, and at the N. ter- minus of South Bend Division, 90 mis. E. of Chicago and 10 mis. S. of Berrien, the co. seat. Has commerce by the river, which is naviga- ble to this point, and extensive manufacto- ries turning the excellent water-power of th* river to account. Pop., 4,630. Three newspa- pers. NILES. 648 NODAWAY. Nlles, tn. in Cayuga co., X. Y. Pop., 1,012. Kiles, p. V. in the above tn., 11 mis. S. S. E. of Auljurn. Niles, p. V. in Trumbull co., Ohio, on Mahon- ing 11.. Pennsylvania & Ohio Canal, and the Xiles & New London R. R., at junction with tlie Mahoning Division of the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 5 mis. S. E. of Warren. Has active jn'Oduce trade. Pop. about 2,S00. One newspaper. Niles, p. o. hi Manitowoc co.. Wis. Niles Valley, p. V. in Tioga co.. Pa., 11 mis. froni Tioga. Kilwood, p. V. in Macoupin co.. 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., V/i mis. S. of Virden. Pop. about MO. Niinisbillcn, tn. in Stark co., Ohio. Pop., 2,(i4.5. Ntinis^ila, p. o. in tlie v. of Manchester, in Suinmii CO., Ohio. Nime Mi!c, p. o. in Allen co., Ind. Niiie-Mile-Prairie, tn. in Callowaj' co., Mo. Pop.. 3.(i7'.>. Bfine Points, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Nine Time.*5, p. o. in Pickens district, S. C. Ninety-Six, p. v. in Abbeville district, S. C. on the Greenville & Columlna R. R., 75 mis. from Columbia and 19 mis. from Cokesbnry. Nineveh, tn. in Bartholomew co., Ind. Pop., 7i;7. Nineveh, tn. in Johnson co.. Ind. Pop., 1,650. Nineveh, p. o. in the v. of Williamsburgh ^n the above tn. Nineveh, tn. in Adair co.. Mo. Pop., 420. Nineveh, p. o. in the above tn. Nineveh, p. o. in Broome co., N Y., on the Sus- quehanna R. and the Albany and Susaue- lianua R. R., 5 mis. W. of Afton. Pop., 127. Nineveh, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Nineveh, p. o. in Warren co., Va. Ninin^er, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 40(.). Nininsev, p. o. in the above tn. Niaineseah, p. o. in Cowley co., Ivans. Niohrara, p. o. and the co. scat of Knox CO., Nebr. Niobrara River, tributary of tlie Missouri ; rises in Laramie CO., Wyo. Ter. and flows in an easterly direction throngli northern Nebr. From its junction with the Keya Paha to its month it forms the boundary between Ne- braska and Dakota. Nippenose, tn.in Lycoming co., Pa. Pop., 567. Nippenose, p. v. in" tlie above tn., 2 mis. S. of Antes Foi't. Nisbet, p. o. in Lycoming co., Pa. Nishnabotana, "tn. in Alcliison CO., Mo. Pop., 1 ,-!.M. Ni»ihnabotana, p. o. in Atcliison co., Mo. Nishnabotany River, a tributary of the Missouri R.; rises in Carroll co., Iowa, flow- ing S. intersects Shelby, Pottawattamie, Mills and Fremont cos., and empties in Atchison CO., Mo. Its principal tributaries are Silver Cr., Walnut Cr. and East Nishnabotany R. Niskaynna, tn. in Schenectady co., N. Y. Pop., l.lO.i. Ni^kaynna, p. v. in the above tn.,on the Mohawk R. and the New York Central R. K., 8 nils. W. of Cohoes. Nittany. p. v. in Centre CO., Pa., llj-fi mis. S. W. of Mill Hall. Niven, )i. o. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. Niverville, or Kinderhook Station, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., on tlie Boston & Albany U. R., Ijj^nils. S. S. E. of -Vlbany. Ni.xbufish, \). o. in Coosa eo., Ala. Nixon, til. in De Witt co.. III. Pop., 649. Nixon, J), o. in tlie above tn. Noah, p. o. in Slielby CO., Ind. Noank, p. v. in New London co.. Conn., on tlu; Stonington & Providence R. R., (i mis. E. of New T..oiidon. Noble, tn. in Richland co., 111. Pop., 1,333. *Nobie, p. V. in the above tn., ou the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 14 mis. from Flora. Pop., Noble, CO. in Ind., N. E. part. Area, 420 sn. mis. Pop., 20,391 ; in 1S60, 14,915. Some parts of the surface are broken : otliers quite level. Timber covers about one-half of the co. The Elkhart R. is the principal stream. The Michigan Southern R. R. intei-sects the co. Albion is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 438.075 bush.; rve. 2,768 bush.; Indian-corn. 224.9S8 bush.; oats, 139,624 bush.; Irish pot's, 77.005 bush.; sweet pot's, 259 bush.; butter, 430,240 lbs.; hav, 19,171 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,885,080. Total, estimated, value of all farm iiroductions, including ,a5,175; straw goods, $1,917,060, and woollen goods.*3,172,118. Total value of man- ufactures, $25,836,394. Norfolk, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,081. Norfolk, p. o. in the above tn. Norfolk, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop. 2,441. ♦Norfolk, p. V. in the above tn., on Racket R. and 4 mis. N. of Potsdam Junction. Pop., 450. *Norfolk, p. V. and the co. seat of Madison CO., Nebr., 26 mis. from Lake View. Norfolk, CO. in ^'a., S. E. part. Area about 450 sq. mis. Pop., 46,702 ; in 1860, 36,227. It ex- tends from the N. C. state line in the S. to the James R. in the N., and is bounded on the E. partly by North R. and partly by Broad Cr. ^ The "Elizabeth R. drains the eb. Avith the Southern and Eastern branches. The west- ern part is occupied by the Dismal Swamp and Drummond Lake. The Norfolk & Peters- burg R. R., the Seaboard & Roanoke 11. R. and the Dismal Swamp Canal intersect the co. Norfolk is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 105 bush.; Indian-corn, 348,821 bush.; oats, 2,888 bush.; Irish pot's, 69,212 busli.; sweet pot's, 43,913 bush.; butter, 187 lbs.; hay, 60 tons. Cash value of farms, $2, 755,4.57. Total, estimated, v.alue of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $718,827. Value of manufactures, §1,102,986. ♦Norfolk, city, port of entry and the co. seat of the above co., on Elizabeth R. opposite Portsmouth, 32 mis. from the sea. 8 mis. from Hampton Roads and at E. ttuininus of the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. It. It is also connected with Albemarle Sound bj' Dismal Swamp Canal. The river is here "^nearly a mile wide, atfording an excellent harbor for vessels of the largest class. The city is ir- regularly built upon a plain. Its most con- spicuous buildings are the City Hall, Milita- ry Academy, Mechanics Hall, Ashland Hall, the Custom House, and several tine churches. It enjoys a large commerce, botli foreign and domestic, being connected with all the lead' ing Atlantic cities bv reu;ular 1 ines ofsteamers Pop., 19,229; in 18G0,"l0,2'.K), thus ranking as the second city in population in tliiiue Central R. R., 70 mis. from Port- land. North Belling'haui, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the Woonsocket Division of the Boston, Hartford & Erie B. R., 29 mis. from Boston, North Bend, tn. in Stark co., Ind. Pop., 505. North Bend, p. v. in Dodge co., Nebr., on Platte R. and the Union Pacific R. B., 02 mis. W. of Omaha; a thriving place with 400 in- habitants. North Bend, p. o. in Coos co., Oreg. North Bend, p. v. in Jackson co., Wis., 24 mis. from Black Rivei'^Falls. *North Bennington, p. v. in Bennington co., Vt., on the Harlem Extension R. R., 6]4 mis. E. of Eagle Bridge, N. Y. North Benson, p. v. in Shelby co., Ky., on the Lexington Branch of the Louisville, Cin- cinnati & Lexington R. II., 55 mis. from Louis- ville. North Benton, p. v. in Mahoning co., Ohio, 4 mis. from Beloit. Pop^ 13S. North Berg-en, tn. in Hudson co., N. J. Pop., 3,0;i2. North Bergen, p. v. in Genesee co., N. Y., 4^^ mis. from Bergen. North Berne, p. v. in Fairfield co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. B., 5^ mis. E. of Lancaster. North Berwick, tn. in York co., Me. Pop., 1,623. North Berwick, p. v. in the above tn., on the Portland, Saco & Portsmouth Division of the J-Jistern 3Iassachusetts R. R., 34 mis. from Portland. North Bethel, p. o. in Oxford CO., Me. North Beverly, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., on the Eastern R. R., -20 inls. from Boston. North Billerica, p. v. in Middlesex co., Jrass., on the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R., '22 mis. from Boston and 4 mis. from Lowell. North Blanford, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., 6 mis. from Huntington. North Blenheim, p. o. in the v. of Patch Hollow, in Schoharie CO., N. Y. North Biooinfield, p. v. in Nevada co., Cal., 13 mis. from Blue Can5-on. North Bloonifield, p. o. in Ontario co., N. Y. North Bloonifield, tn. in Morrow co., Ohio. Pop., 1,194. North Bloomfield, p. v. in Ti'umbull CO., Ohio, 15 mis. from Warren. North Blue, p. o. in Adams co., Nebr. North Blue Hill, p. v. in Hancock co., Me., '20 mis. from Ellsworth. North Bolton, p. o. in Warren CO., N. Y. North Boothbay, p. v. in Lincoln co.. Me., 12 mis. from Wiscasset. Northborough, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,.5U4. Northborough, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston, Clinton & Fitchburgh R. R., 23 mis. from Fitchbtirgh. North Boseawen, p. o. in Mei-rimackco.,N. H. North Boston, p. v. in Erie CO., N. Y., 7^ mis. S. E. of West Hamburgh. North Bradford, p. v. in Penobscot co., Me., -24 mis. from liangor. North Branch, p. o. in Cook co., HI. North Branch, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., 16 mis. from Baltimore. North Branch, tn. in Lapeer CO., Mich. Pop., 702. North Branch, p. v. in the above tn., 17}^ mis. from Lapeer. North Branch, tn. in Isanti co., Minn. Pop., North Branch, p. o. in the above tn. North Branch, p. o. in Nodaway co., Mo. North Branch, p. o. in Otoe co., Nebr. North Branch, p. v. in Hillsborough CO., N H., 5 mis. S. \V. of Hillsborough Bridge. North Branch, p. v. in Somerset eo., N. J., on the Central R. R. of N. J., % mle. from North Branch Depot. North Branch, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., 5 mis. from Callicoon. North Branch, tn. in Wyoming CO., Pa. Pop., 358. North Branch, p. o. in Jackson co., Wis. North Branch Bepot, p. v. in Somerset co., N. .]., on the Central R. R. of N. J., i}4 mis. W. of Somervillc. North Branch Station, p. v. in Chisago co., Minn., on the Northern Pacific R. R., li4 mis. W. of Duluth. North Branford, tn. in New Haven co.. Conn. Po]i., 1.05.1. North Branford, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from New Haven. Northbridge, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Poii.,:j.774. Northbridge, p. v. in the above tn., on the I'rovidenee & Worcester R. R., 15 mis. from Woonsocket. Northbridge Centre, p. v. in Worcester eo, Mass., 2 nds. from Northbrida:e. North Bridgeton, p. v. in Cumberland co., Me., 15 mis. from South Paris. North Brldgewater, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Po]-)., 8,007. *North Bridgewater, p. v. in the above tn., on the Old Colony R. R., 20 mis. S. of Boston. Engaged in manufacture of boots and shoes. One newspaper. North Bridgewater, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Susquehanna Branch of the Utica, Chenango & Susquehanna Valley R. R. North Brighton, u. o. In Middlesex co.. Mass. North Bristol, p. b. in Trumbull co., Ohio. North Broadalbin, p. v. in Fulton co., N. Y., 14 mis. from Amsterdam. NORTH BROOK. 652 NORTH CAROLINA. North Brook, p. o. in Lincoln co., N. C. North Brook, p. o. Chester co., Pa. N<»rth Brookfield, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop.. .';,313. »North Brookfield, p. v. in the above tn., 4 inls. irnin Ea.9t liiookflelcl. Has hoot and shoe manufactories. Korth Brookfield, p. v. in Madison co., X. Y.. 1 m\s. K. of North Brookfield Station on tlie Ulica, Chenango & Susquehanna K. R., 7 nils. S. of Watervillo. Pop., '2-2(!. North Brooklin, p. o. in Hancoclc Co., Mo. North Brooksvillc, p. o. in Hancock co., Now Brunswick, tn. in Middlesex co., N. J. I'll)).. \,vn. N<»rth Biickficld, p. o. in Oxford co., Me. N«;rth Bncksport, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., f>ii tlio Penobscot 11., 11 mis. from Bangor. North Biiena Vista, p. o. in Clayton co., lovva. North Biiflfalo, tn. in Armstrong co., Pa. Pop., ],0.i7. North BtiCfalo, p. o. in the above tn. North Btiriis, p. o. in Huron co., Mich. North Bjron, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. North Cairo, tn. in Alexander co., Hi. Pop., 5-'. North C'anihridg-e, p. o. in Lamoille co., Vt. North Cameron, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. North Ciinaan, tn. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Pop., l.C^O. North Canton, p. o. in Hartford co.. Conn. North Castyonville, p. v. in Douglas co., Oreji., -'i nild. from lloseburgh. North Cape, i). v. in Racine co., Wis., 7 mis. from Union Grove. North Carniel, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. NOBTH CAROLINA, one of the 13 original states ; lies between 33'=' .53' and 36° 33' N. lat., and 7.0° 25' and 84° 30' W. long. It is bounded on the K. by Va., on the ^Y. by Tenn., on the S. bj^ S. C. ami Ga., and on the E. by the Atlantic Ocean. The greatest width from N. to S. is 180 mis.; the greatest length from E. to W. 480 mis., and the area 00,704 »(.i. mis. or 3-2.450,500 acres. Surface. — N. C. may be divided into four dis- tinct natural sections or belts, viz.: the Tide Water Country, the Middle Conntrv, the Pied- mont District, and the Blue liidge Country. Tlie Tide ^Vater Country extends from the coast inland for from 60 to 80 mis., is low and level, and includes large areas of swamps, of which the Little Dismal Swamp (occupying tlie penin- sula between xVlbomarle and Pamlico Sounds), the southern part of the Dismal Swamp (pro- jectiiig into the state from Va.), the Holly Shel- ter Swamp, and Green Swamp, are the largest. The aggregate area of the swamps is estimated at 3,000,000 acres, and as tliey and their borders produce fine pine, oak and cypress timber, they possess unusual economic value. Albemarle and Pamlico Sounds are separated from the Ocean by a line of low sandy islands, extending from the Virginia state line in a southerly di- rection to Cape Hatteras, and thence in a south- westerly direction to Cape Lookout. The Middle Countrj', which occupies the largest part of the state, is separated from the Tide Water Country by a line of rocky blutfs, from 100 to '200 feet above the latter, and eon- eists of a gently undulating plain, rarely rising into hilly eminences. The Piedmont District extends along the base of the Blue Ridge, and is from 20 to 30 mis. wide. It has a broken surface, rises from 1,000 to 2,000 feet above the sea-level, and is traversed by low ranges of mountains and hills, some of Which are connected with the Blue Ridge. 1 he western part of the state forms the Blue Kidge Country, and is occupied by two lofty mountain ranges, with intermediate ridgesand valleys belonging to the great Appalachian System. The Blue Ridge intersects the state in a general N . E. and S. W. direction, and nearly parallel with it trends the great Unaka Chain separating the state from Tenn., and bearing the local names of Stone Mts., Iron Mts.. Bald Mts., Great Smoky Mts., and Unaka Mts. A number of high transverse ranges branch olT from the Blue Ridge, and, trending mostly N. W., connect with the Unaka Chain, dividing tho belt of country between the two ranges into a series of basins, which are draineil by the sources and head waters of rivers joining the Tennessee and Ohio. In the S. W. corner of tho state is the basin of the Hiawassee R., hemT:ied in by the transverse ranges of the Stansbury Mts. in the S. W. and the Vallev River Mts. and Long Ridge in the N. E. Then follows the basin of the Little Tennessee, wliich extends from the Valley River Mts. to the Balsam Mts., and is subdivided by the Nantahela and Cowee Mts. into tho valleys of the upper course of tho Little Tennessee and its tributaries, the Nan- tahela and Tuckaseegee Rs. The next basin is that of the Big Pigeon R , which lies between the Balsam Mts. and the long chain of the Pisgali and the Newfound Mts., and to the E. of it extends the large basin of tho French Broad R., which is bounded on the S. and E. by the Blue Ridge, on the N. W. bv the Great Smoky antl Bald Mts., and on the W. by the Newfound and Pisgah Mts. The north-west branch ot tho Black Mts. and its continuation to the Bald Mts. separates the basin of the French Broad from the basin of the NoUechucky R., while the eastern branch of the Black Mts., crowned with tlie culminating peaks of the entire Appalachian System, projects into this basin from the S. The lofty transverse range of the Big Yellow Mts. extends from the Grandfather Mt. in the Blue Ridge to the Roan Mt. in the Iron Range, and separates the basins of the NoUechucky and the Watauga Rs. The last basin of the Blue Ridge Country is that of the New R. (the upper course of the Great Kana- wha), which extends far into Va. These basins have a mean elevation above the sea of from 2,000 feet to 2,700 feet. The Blue Ridge frequently changes its direction and is composed of many groups, some of which ex- ceed 5,000 feet in elevation, while in the long in- tervals of depression between these groups are found gaps whose height ranges from 2,200 feet to 3,700 feet, often but little above the interior basins. The great Unaka Chain is more con- tinuous than the Blue Ridge, more elevated and more regular in its direction, but it is bioken by deep rents, through which burst the tribu- taries of the Tennessee above named. Its height varies from 5,000 feet to 6,700 feet, and of equal height are the transverse ranges, which sepa- rate the basins. The fbllowing are the pi-lnci- pal peaks, with their elevation above the sea: In the Blue Ridge: Cresar's Head, Table Mt., 4,000 feet ; Sugarloaf Mt.; Gray Beard, .■),453 feet ; Rocky Knobs, 5,311 fcit ; High Pinnacle, 5,701 feet : Grandfather, 5,897 feet, and Grandmother, 5,787 feet ; and in the Unaka Range : Great Smoky Mt.,6,(;60 feet; Bald Spot, 5,5.j0 feet; Roan Mt., 6,306 feet, and White Top, 5.530 feet. Rivers.— T!\\(i Blue Ridge forms the water-shed between the streams joining the Tennessee and the streams emptying into the Atlantic Ocean. The Pasquotank, Chowan and Ro:inoke Rs. en- ter the state from Va. and einiity into Albe- marle Sound. The Tar and Neuse Rs. empty into Pamlico Sound. Cape Fear R., whose branches. Haw and Deep Rs., intersect the Mid- dle Country and join near Haywood, in Cliat- ham CO., empties througli a wide estuarj- oppo- site Smith's Island. The Yadkin rises in the JJlue Ridge, traverses the Middle Country and Hows into S. C. The Catawba and Broad ],3. It adopted a state consti- tution in December, 177G, and ratified the United States Constitution in November, 17^9. The new state constitution was framed by a conven- tion in 1SG8 and ratified by the people in April of the same year. The state Mas re-admitted into the Union by act of Congress, June 2."(, 1808. The legislative authority is vested in a Senate and House of Kepresentati ves. The two branch- es of the "General Assembly " meet annually on the third Monday in November. The Senate consists of oO Senatoi's, chosen biennially by ballot. The House of Representatives is "com- posed of 120 Representatives, elected biennially by the counties respectively. Each Senator must bo not less than 25 vears of age, must have resided as a citizen in tlie state two years, and must have resided in the district from which he is chosen, one vear immediately preceding the election. Each member of the House must be a qualified elector and must have resided in the r-minty for which he is chosen one year im- mediatoly preceding his election. The executive department consists of a Gov- ernor, a Lieutenant-Governor, a Secretary of State, an Auditor, a Treasurer, a Superinten- dent of Public Works, a Superintendent of Public Instruction and an Attorney-General, who are elected by the qualified electors for a term of four years. The Secretary of State, Auditor, Treasurer, Superintendent of Public Works and Superin- tendent of Public Instruction constitute ex- oflicio the Council of State, who advise the Governor in the execution of his office, and thiec of whonr constitute a quorum. The Senate is the Court for the trial of im- Eeachments. The Supreme Court consists of a hief Justice and four Associate Justices. The State is divided into twelve judicial districts, for each of which a judge is chosen, who holds a Superior Court in each county in said district atleasttwicea year-. Thejudges of the Supreme Court and of the Superior Courts are elecied for 8 years. The distinction between actions at law and suits m equity is abolished, and there is in the state but one form of action for the protec- tion of private rights or the redress of private ■wrongs, which i.s denominated a civil action. Every male citizen -21 years of age or upward, ■who has resided in the state for 12 months and in the county 30 days preceding an election, is entitled to vote. N. C. is divided into the following 93 cos.: Alamance, Alexander, Alleghany, Anson, Ashe, Beaufort, liertie, Bladiu, IJrunswick, Bun- combe, Burke, Cabarras,Caldwell, Camden, Car- teret, Caswell, Catawl)u, Cliatliani, Cherokee, Chowan, Clay, Cleaveland, Columbus, Craven, Cumberland, Currituck, Dare, Davidson, Davie, Duplin, Ed^'ecombe, Forsyth. Franklin, Gaston, Gates, Graham, Granville, Greene, Guilfoi-d, Halifax, Harnett, Haywood, Henderson, Hert- ford, Hyde, Iredell, Jackson. Johnston, .Jones, Lenoir, Lincoln, Macon, Madison, ^Martin, Mc- Dowell, Mecklenburg, Milcliell, Montgomery, Moore, Nash, New Hanover, Northamptoii, Onslow, Orange, Pamlico, Pas(iuotaiik, Perqui- mons. Person, Pitt, Polk, Randolph, Richmond, Robeson, Roekinghani, Rowan, Rutherford, Sampson, Stjuiley.Stolces. Surrey, Swain, Tran- sylvania,Tyirell", Union, Wake, Warren, Wash- ington, Wa'tauga, Wayne, Wilkes, Wilson, Yad- kin, Yancey. Tlie capital is Raleigh. Pop., 7,790. The other principal places art; : Wilminiiton, J3,4t() ; Now Jiarne, .^St'.i; Kayel teville 4,i.l';u ; Charlotte, 4,473; Beauforl, 2,434 ;' Washington, 2,lt',U ; Ashcville, 1,40(1 ; Plvmouth, 1,3S9; Tarboro, 1,340 ; Edenton, 1,243 ; Kinston, 1,103; Goldsboro, 1.134, and Wil- BOU, 1,031! North Carver, p. v. in Plymouth co., Mass., 7 mis. from Middleborough. North Castine, p. v. In Hancock co.. Me., 4 mis. from Castine. North Castle, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 1.99li. North Castle, p. o. in the above tn. North Cedar, p. o. in Jackson co., Ivans. North Charlcstowii, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. H., on the Connecticut R. and the Southern Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 13J^ mis. N. of Bellows Falls. North Chatham, j). v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the Atlantic Ocean, 8 mis. from Har- wich. North Chatham, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., 3 mis. N. of Niverville. North Chelinsfor«l, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Merrimac R. and the Boston, Lowell A Nashua R. R., 3 mis. W. of Lowell. North Cheninng, p. o. in Chemung co., N. Y'., 7 nils, fi-oin Elmira. North Chelsea, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Po))., 1.197. North Chester, p. o. in Hampden co., Mass. North Chester, p. v. in Windsor co.. Vt., on the Rutland R. R., 14}^ mis. N. W. of Bellows Falls. North Chesterville, p. v. in Franklin co., Me., OU mis, E. of Wilton Station. North Chichester, p. v. in Merrimack co., N. H., on the Suncook %'alley R. R., 11>^ mis. N. E. of Suneook. North Chili, p. v. in Monroe co., N. Y., 1 mle. N. of Chili Station on the New Y'ork Central R. R., 10 nils. W. of Rochester. Pop., 106. North Clarendon, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt., on the Rutland R. R. and the Harlem Exten- sion U. R., 3 mis. S. of Rutland. North Clarksou, p. r. in Monroe co., N. Y'., tji/, nils, from Urockport. North t;iayton, p. o. in Miami CO., Ohio. North Clayton, p. o. in Crawford co. Wis. North Clove, p. V. in Dutchess co., N. Y., i\^ mis. E. of \erljank. North Clymer, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on tin; Buflalo, Corry & Pittsburgh R. R., 10 mis. S. of Sherman. North Codorus, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 2.47i>. North Cohasset, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on Massachusetts B., l'<;mle. N. of Old Colony House Station on the South Shore R. R. and 5 mis. E. of Hinghain. North ColebrooU, p. o. in Litchfield co., Cf>nn. North Cohocton, p. v. in Steuben CO., N. Y., 1 nile. N. of Blood's, a station on the Roches- ter Branch of the Erie R. R., 12 mis. N. of Avoca. North Colesville, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. North Collins, tn. in Erie co.,N. Y'. Pop., 1,017. North Colnnibia, p. v. in Nevada co., Cal., 16 mis. from ]51ne Canyon. North Colombia, p. o. in Washington CO., Me. *North Conway, p. v. in Carroll co., N. II., on the Portland & Oi^densburgh R. R., GO mis. from Porthmd. It is a pretty village, largely composed of summer hotels. North Cornville, p. v. in Somerset co., Mc, 10 mis. from Skowhegan. North Cornwall, p. v. in Litchfield CO., Conu., 3 mis. from \Vest Cornwall. North Cove, ]). o. in McDowell co., N. C. North Coventry, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 1,251. North Coventry, p. o. in the above tn. North Crattsbury, p. v. in Orleans co., Vt., 13 nils, from Hart on. North Creek, ji. o. in Phillips co.. Ark. North Creek, p. v. in Warren co., N. Y., on the Adii-ondack R. R., 57 nils, from Saratoga. North Cutler, p. o. in Washington co., Me. NORTHCUTT. 655 NORTH FRANKLIN. Nortlicntt, p. v. in Linn co., Mo., 14 mis. from Laclede. Korth Dana, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Alhol & Enflelfl R. R., 10 mis. from Athol and '2.5 rals. from Palmer. Sforth Dansville, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop.. 4.015. North I>anviHe, p. v. in Caledonia co., Vt., 514 nils,^>c)ni St. .Johnsliury. North I'^artmonth, p. v. in Bristol co.,Mass., 3 mis. i'vnm New Bedford. North Deer Isle, j)- v. in Hancock co.. Me., on Deer Island, 30 mis. S. W. of Ellsworth. North Derby, p. v. in Orleans co., Vt., on the Connectieut «& Passumpsic Rivers R. R., 493^ mis. N. of St. .Johnsbury. North Dig'hton, p. v. 'in Bristol co., Mass., on the Old Colony R. R., 3 mis. .S. of Taunton. North Dixinont, p. v. in Penobscot co., Me., 8 nils, from East Newport. North Dolaii, tn. in Cass CO., Mo. Pop., 903. North Dorchester, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. North Dorset, p. v. in Bennington co., Vt., on the Harlem Extension R. R., S mis. N. of Manehr>sler. North Dover, p. o. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. North Dnnbarton, p. o. in Merrimack co., N. H. North Dnxbnry, p. v. in "Washington co., Vt., on the Wiuooski R. and Vermont Central R. R., 414 mis. W. of VVaterbury. North Ca^le, p. v. in Clinton co., Mich., 3^ mis. from Eagle. North East, tn. in Yuba co., Cal. Pop., 863. North East, tn. in Adams co.. 111. Pop., 1,521. North East, tn. in Orange co., Ind. Pop., 930. North East, v. in Steuben co., Ind., 15 mis. from Cold Water, Mich. *Northeast, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., on the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore R. R., 6 mis. W. of Elkton. Pop., 74S. North East, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 2,213. North' East, bor. in above tn. on Lake Erie and the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 33 mis. S. W. of Dunkirk, N. Y. Pop., 900. North East Centre, tn. in Dutchess co., K. Y. Pop., 2,179. North East Centre, p. o. in the above tn. North Eastham, p. v. in Barnstable co., IMas.s., () mis. from Orleans. Northeast Harbor, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., on the S. coast of Mount Desert Island, 221.^ rals S. of Ellsworth. North Easton, p. v. in Bristol co., Mass., on the Dighton and Somerset Branch of the Old Colony R. R., 24 mis. S. of Boston. A manu- facturing town with one newspaper. North Easton, p. v. in Washmgton co., N. Y., 11 mis. N. of Schaghticoke. North Eaton, p. v. in Lorain co., Ohio, on the Columbia Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Berea. North Eau Claire, tn. in Eau Claire co.. Wis. Pop., 1,127. North Ean Claire, v. in the above tn., on Chijipewa R., near Eau Claire. Pop., 965. North Edg'econib, p. v. in Lincoln co.. Me., 2 mis. from Wiscasset. North Eg^remont, p. v. in Berkshire co., Ma^s., 5 luls. from Barrington Station. Northeim, p. v. in Manitowoc co.. Wis., on Lake JMiehlgan, 7l4mls. from Manitowoc. North Elba, tn in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 349. North Elba, p. o. in the above tn. North Ellsworth, p. o. in Hancock CO., Me. North Eng;lish, p. v. in Iowa co., Iowa, 25 mis. from Marengo. North Enosbur^h, p. o. in Franklin co., Vt. Northern Depot, p. o. in Boone co., Ind. Northern Junction, p. o. in Milwaukee CO., Wis. North Evans, p. v. in Erie CO., N. Y., \}4 mle. S. of Lake View. Pop., 150. North Evanston, p. o. in Cook co.. 111. North Fairfax, p. v. in Franklin CO., Vt., 5 mis. from St. Albans. North Fairtield, p. o. in Somerset CO., Me. North Fairtield, p. v. in Huron co., Ohio, 6 mis. from Greenwich. North Falinonth, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on Buzzartl's B., 9 mis, from Monu- ment. North Farmington, p. o. in Oakland co., Mich. North Fayette, p. v. in Kennebec co., Me., 6 mis. from East Livermore. North Fayette, tn. ill jUleghany CO., Pa. Pop., 1,4S2. North Fayston, p. o. in Washington co., Vt. North Fenton, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Chenango Forks. North Ferrisbargh, p. v. in Addison CO., Vt., on tlie Rutland R. R., 5 mis. N. of Vergennes. Northfleld, p. v. in Litchfield co., Conn., 3}^ mis. from Plymouth. Northtield, tn. in Cook co.. 111. Pop., 1,705. Northfield, p. o. in Boone co., Ind. Northtield, p. v. in Des Moines co., Iowa, 19 mis. from Burlington. Northfield, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 190. Northfleld, p. o. in the above tn. Northfleld, tn. in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 1,720. Northfleld, p. v. in the above tn., on the Con- necticut R., and the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 9 mis. N. of Millers i'alls. Northfleld, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,300. Northfield, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., 2,278. *No*thfield, p. V. in the above tn., on the Iowa & iNlinnesota Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 37 mis. S. of St. Paul and 14 mis. N. of Faribault. A growing place in ac- tive trade with rich agricultural surround- ing's. Seat of Carlton College. Two news- papers. Northfield, tn. in Merrimack co., N. H. Pop., S33. Northfield, tn. in Richmond co., N. Y. Pop., 5,949. Northfield, tn. in Summit co., Ohio. Pop., 1,009. Northfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 1^ mle. from Maceilonia Depot. Northfleld, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., .3,410. *No»thfleld, p. V. in the above tn., on the Central Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 8 mis. S. of Montpeliei". Northfield, tn. in .Jackson CO., Wis. Pop., 499. Northfield Depot, p. o. in Merrimack co., N. H. Northfield Farms, p. v. in Franklin CO., Mass., on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 3 mis. N. of Millers Falls. Northford, p. v. in New Haven CO., Conn., 4 mis. E. of North Haven. Northfork, tn. in Izard co.. Ark. Pop., 454. Northforli, tn. in Pope co.. Ark. Pop., 215. Northforli, tn. in Trinitv co., Cal. Pop., 461. North Fork, tn. in Marion co., 111. Pop., 822. North Fork, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa, Pop., 912. North Fork, p. v. in Mason co., Ky., 7 mis. from Mavsville. North Fork, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 280. North Fork, p. o. in the above tn. North Fork, tn. in Barton co.. Mo. Pop., 644. North Fork, tn. in Jasper co., ]Mo. Pop., 86& North Fork, p. o. in Ashe co., N. C. North Fork, p. o. in Potter co., Pa. North Fork, p. o. in Henry co., Tenn. North Fork, tn. in Washington co., Va. Pop., 2,0.>s. North Franklin, p. o. in New London co., Coiiii. NORTH FRANKMN, G56 NORTH LAWRENCE. North Franlcliii, p. o. in Franklin co., Nebr, North Franklin, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. North Freedom, p. o. in Sauk co., "Wis. North Fryeburg'h, p. v. in Oxford CO., Me., 10 liils. N. of Frycburgh. North mis. N. of New Haven. North Haven, tu. in Kno.v co.. Me. Pop., 80C. North Haven, p. v. in the above tu., on Pen- obscot B., 14 mis. from Roclclund. North Haverhill, p. v. in Grafton co., N.H., on the P)Oston, Concord & Montreal R. li., 5 nils, from Wells River. North Hebron, p. o. in Washington co., N. Y. North Hector, p. v. in Schuyler co., N. Y., on Seneca LaUc, H nils. N. of "VVatkius. North Heidelberg, tn. in Berks Co., Pa. Po)i., 079. North Heidelberg, p. o. in the above tn. North Hempstead, tn. in Queens co., N. Y. Pop., G,.i40. North Henderson, tn. in Mercer co., 111. Pop., i,o(;i North Hermon, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. North Hero, tn. in Grand Isle co., Vt. Pop,, GUI. North Hero, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. scat, ou Lake Champlain, 18 mis. from. Al- burgli Springs Station. North Hogan, p. o. in Ripley co., Ind. North Homer, tn. in Champaign co.. 111. Pop., (341. North Hoosiek, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N.Y., on the Troy & Bennington R. R., 3 mis. E. of Eagle Bridge. North Hope, p. v. in Butler co.. Pa., 10 ml3. from Parker Station. North Hudson, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., North Hudson, p. v. in the above tn., 56J.^tQls. N. of Glen's FalLs. North Huntingdou, tn. in Westmoreland CO., Pa. Pop. 3,403. North Huron, p. v. in Wayne co., N. Y., 13^ ni'ls. from Clyde. North Hyde Park, p. v. in Lamoille co., Vt., 21 mis. from Barton's Landing. North Industry, p. o. in Stark co., Ohio. North Irving, p. o. in Barry co., Midi. North Isleborough, p. v. "in Waldo co.. Me., on PeiU)bscot B., 10 nils, from Belfast. North Islip, v. m Suffolk co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 42 mis. from Hunter's Point. North Jackson, p. o. in the v. of Jackson Center, in Mahoning co., Ohio, 10 mis. from Youugstown. North Jackson, p. o. in Susquehanna co., Pa. North Jasper, p. o. in Steuben Co., N. Y. North Java, p. v. in Wyoming co., N. Y., 11}.^ mis. from Warsaw. North Jay, p. v. in Franklin co.. Me., on the Androscoggin R. R., 6 mis. N. of Livermoro Falls. North Judson, p. v. in Stark co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 39 mis. from Logansport. Pop., Ho. North Killingly, v. in Windham co.. Conn. North Kingston, p. v. in De Kalb Co., 111., 14 mis. from Sycamore. North Kingston, tn. in Washington co., R. I. Pop., 1,110. North Kingsville, p. v. in Ashtabula co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., ry^ mis. E. of Ashtabula. North Kortriglit, p. v. in Delaware CO., N. Y., 12 mis. from Schenevus. North I>a Crosse, p. v. in La Ci-osse co.. Wis., on the La Crosse Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 4 nils. N. of La Crosse. Pop., 1.404. North I^ake, ii. o. in Waukesha co.. Wis. North !>amoiiie, p. o. in Hancock CO., Me. North I>anding, p. o. in Norfolk co., Va. North J..ansing, ji. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., 7 mis. from Milan Station. North I^awrence, p. v. in Douglas CO., Kans., on the Kansas R., opposite Lawrence and ou the Kan.sas Paeitic R. R. ♦North I-awrencc, p. v. iu St. Lawrence co., N. y., on the Ogdensburgh & Lake Champlain R. R.,lt;mls. E. of Potsdam Junction. Pop., 550. North Liawrence, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio, on the Pittsbui-gh, Fort AVayne & Chicago R. It., 8 mis. W. of Massillon. NORTH LEBANON. 657 NORTH PINE GROVE. Worth liebanon, p. o. in York fto., Me. Nortli Lebanon, tn. in Lebanon co., Pa. Pop., •2,-263. North ILebanon, v. in the above tn. North l.ee, p. o. in Penobscot co., Me. North I^eetls, p. o. in Androscroggin co., Me. North I^eecls, p. v. in Columbia co.. Wis., 5 nils, fioni Mori-isonville. North l.eoininster, p. r. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Pitchbnrgh R. R., 46 mis. from Boston. North licverett, p. v. in Franklin co., Mass., 2^4 mis. Ironi South Montague Station. " North I^ewisburgh, p. v. in Champaign Co., (.>hio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 35 mis. from Marion. Pop., 733. North Lexington, V. in Ray CO., Mo.; the E. terminus of the Lexington & St. Joseph Branch of the Illinois, Kansas City & North- ern R. R., 4 mis. from Riclimoncl. The p. o. is Henry. North' Liberty, p. v. in St. Joseph co., Incl., 6 mis. from Wallcerton. Pop., 223. North Liberty, p. v. in Johnson co., Iowa, 7 mis. from Iowa City. North Liberty, p. v. in Knox co.,Ohio, 4^ mis. S. of Butler. North Liberty, p. v. in Mercer co.. Pa., 6 nils. S. E. of Findley Station on the Shenango & Alleghany R. R. North Lima, p. v. in Mahoning co., Ohio, 8 nils, from Columbiana. Pop., 160. North Liniington, p. o. in York co.. Me. North lannseus, p. o. in Aroostook co., Me. North Lisbon, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. North Litchfield, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Utica. North Littleton, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. North Livermore, p. v. in Androscoggin co.. Me.. 3 nils, from Livermore Falls. North Londonderry, p. v. in Rockingham CO., N. H.. on the Manchester & Lawrence R.R., 6 mis. S. E. of Manchester. North Lonp, p. o. in Valley co., Nebr. North Lovell, p. V. in Oxford co.. Me., 22 mla. from South Paris. North Lnbec, p. o. in Washington co.. Me. North Lyme, \). V. in New London CO., Conn., 8 mis. from Lyme. North Lyndeboroug-h, p. V. in Hillsborough CO., N. H., .S mis. from Wilton. North Lyndon, p. o. in Aroostook eo., Me. Nortli MctJregor, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, on the Mississippi K. and the Iowa and Min- nesota Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., ,oiip<>site Prairie du Chien, Wis. North Madison, p. v. in New Haven co>. Conn., (i mis. from Madison. North Madison, p. v. in .Jefferson co., Ind., on the Madison Division of the Jeflfersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 2 mis. from Madison. Pop., 1,007. North Madison, p. o. in Somerset co.. Me. North Madison, p. v. in Lake CO., Ohio, 2^ nils, from Madison. North Mahoning, tn. in Indiana co.. Pa. Pop., l,-2i;:j. North Manchester, p. v. in Hartford co... Conn., on the Hartford, Providence & Fislv kill R. R., 83^ mis. E. of Hartford. *North Manchester, p. v. in Wabash co., Ind., on Eel R. and on the Detroit, Bel River & Illinois R. R., at intersection with the Cin- cinnati, Wabash & Michigan R. R., 15 mis. E. by N. of Wabash, the co. seat ; has active pro- duce trade and several manufactories. Pop. about 1,300. One newspaper. North Manhelm, tn. in Schuylldll co.. Pa. Pop., 2,420. North Manlins, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Manlins Station. North Marlaville, p. v. in Haitcock co., Me., 26 mis. from Bangor. North Marshfleld, p. v. in Plymouth co., Mass., '6]4 mis. from Hanover. 42 I North Men don, v. in Monroe co., N. Y. North Middleborongh, p. v. in Plj-rnouth CO., Mass., 2\4 mis. from Titicut Station on the Old Colony R. R.. .SJ.^ mis. S. of Bridgewater. North Middletown,"p. v. in Bourbon co., Ky., 10 mis. from Paris. Pop., 320. North Middleton, tn. in Cumberland co.. Pa. Pop, 1,223. North Milford, p. v. in Penobscot co.. Me., on the Penobscot R. and the European & Noith American R. R., ^ mis. N. of Milfqrd. North Mills, p. o. in Page co., Iowa. North Monmouth, p. v. in Kennebec co., Me., 3 mis. from Monmouth. North Monroe, p. o. in Waldo co.. Me. North Monroe, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. North Montpelier, p. v. in Washington CO., Vt., 10 mis. from Montpelier. North Moreland, tn. in Wyoming co., Pa. Pop., 831. North Mountain, p. v. in Berkeley co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 7 mis. N. of Martinsburg. North Muddy, tn. in .Jasper co.. 111. Pop., 867. North Mnrderklll, tn. in Kent co., Del. Pop., 3.631. North Nassan, p. o. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. North Newberg, p. v. in Shiawassee co., Mich., 4 nils, from Vernon. North Newburgh, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. North Newbury, p. o. in Geaxiga co., Ohio. North New Castle, p. v. in Lincoln co., Me., 8 mis. from Wiscasset. North Newfield, p. o. in York CO., Me. North Newport, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. North New Portland, \->. v. in Somerset co., Me., 21 nils, from Farmington. North Newry, p. v. in Oxford CO., Me., 11 mils. from Bethel. North New Salem, p. v. in Franklin co., Mass., 4 mis. from Orange. North Norway, p. v. in Oxford co., Me., 7 inls. from Sontli Paris. ■ North Norwich, tn. in Chenango eo., N. Y., Pop., 1,075. North Norwich, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York & Oswego Midlaml R. R.,6 mis. N. of Norwich. North Oak field, p. o. in Genesee co., N. Y. North Oakland, p. o. in Butler eo.. Pa. North Ogden, p. o. in Weber Co., Utah Ter., 7 mis. from Ogden City. North Oil €ity, p. v^in Venango co.. Pa., near Oil City. North Orange, p. v. in Franklm eo., Mass., 4 mis. from Athol Station. North Orwell, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., 13 mis. N. N. E. of Wysox. North Orwell, p. o. in Addison co., Vt. North Oxford, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Norwich & Worcester Division of the Boston, HartfoiTl & Erie R. R., 9 mis. from Worcester. North Palermo, p o. in Waldo co., Me. North Paris, p. v. in Oxford co., Me., 2i^ mis. from West Paris. Nortli Parma, p. v. in Monroe eo., N. Y., 7 mis. from Spencerport. North Parson field, p. v. in York CO., Me., 16 mis. from VVaterborough Centre. North Pawlet, p. o. in Rutland CO., Vt. North Pembroke, p. v. in Plymouth CO., Mass., l}4 mle. from Hanover. North Pembroke, p. v. in Genesee CO., N. Y., 3 mis. from East Pembroke. North Penn, p. o. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. North Penobscot, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., 8 mis. from Bucttsport. North Perry, p. v. in Washington co.. Me., on Pas.samaquoddy B., 12i^ mis. from Eastport. North Petersburgh, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., on the Harlem Extension R. R., 6 mis. N. of Petersburgh. North Pharsalia, p. o. in Chenango co., N. Y.. North Pine ©rove, p. o. in Clarion co., Pa. NORTH PITCHER. 658 NORTH SPRINGFIELD. JTortli Pitcher, p. o. in Chenango CO., N. Y. Korth PIttston, p. o. in Kennebec co., Me. Nortli Plains, tn. in Ionia co., Mich. Top., 1,07(5. North Plains, p. o in the above tn. Jforth Plato, p. o. in Kane co., 111. ♦North Platte, p. v. aiul the co. seat of Lin- fiohi CO., Nebr., 4 mis. W. of the confluence of riiitte and North I'latte Rs., and on the Union Pueiflc R. R., 291 mis. W. of Omaha. Top., aliniit TOO. Two newspapers. North P5ynipton,p.o. in Plymouth co., Mass. North Point, p. o. in Pnlaski co., Ark. North Pom fret, p. v. in Windsor CO., Vt., 4 nils, from West Hartford. Northporf, p. v. in Tuscaloosa CO., Ala. Nortliport, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 902. Northport, p. v. in the above tn., on Penob- scot B., 7 mis. from Belfast. *Northport, p. v. and the co. seat of Leelenaw CO., Mich., on Grand Traverse B. and 29^ mis. N. of Traverse City. Pop., 238. Northport, p. v. in Snfl"olk co., N. Y., on the Northpoit Branch of the Long Island R. R., 17 mis. N. E. of Hicksville. Pop., 1,060. Northport, p. v. in Waupacca co., Wis., on Wolf li., 20 inls. from Appleton. North Pownal, p. v. in Cumberland co., Me., 4 mis. from Pownal Station. North Pownal, p. v. in Bennington co.. Vt., on the J'.oston & Troy R. R., 3^ mis. S. E. of North Pftersluirgh. North Prairie, p. o. in Morrison CO., Minn. North Prairie Station, p. v. in Waukesha CO., Wis., on the Prairie du Chien Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Waukesha. North Preseott, p. v. in Hamipi5hireco.,Mass., 11 mis. from Orange. North Providence, tn. in Providence co., R. I. Po)).. 20,4%. North Raisinville, p. o. in Monroe co., Mich. North Randolph, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., 7 nils, from Kaiulolph Station. Northniond, p. v. in Cumberland CO., Me., 9 mis. from New Gloucester. North Kaynham, p. o. in Bristol CO., Mass. North Reading, tn. in Middlesex CO., Mass. Pop., 942. North Reading, p. v. in the above tn., on the Salem & Lowell Branch of the Boston & Lo- well R. R., 14 mis. from Lowell. North Reading, p. o. in Schuyler CO., N. Y. North Rolioboth, p. o. in Bristol CO., Mass. North Kichinond, p. o. in Cheshire co., N. H. North Richmond, p. o in Ashtabula CO., Ohio. North Rid^e, p. v. in Niagara co., N. Y'., 11 mis. from Lockport. North Ridg'eville, p. v. in Lorain co., Ohio, 1 mie. from Ridgeville. North Ridf?exvay, p. o. in Orleans Co., N. Y'. North River, a tributary of the Black War- rior U., in Ala.; rises in "Fayette co., flows S. and joins the Black Warrior 5 mis. E. of Tus- caloosa. North River, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. North River, p. o. in Dallas co., Iowa. North River, p. o. Marion co., Mo. North River, p. v. in Warren co., N. Y., 23 nils, from Griflin's. North River, tn. in Augusta co., Va. Pop., 4,l(io. North River, a tributary of James R. in Va.; rises on the E. side of Cow Pasture Mt. in Au- gusta CO., and passes through Rockbridge co. in a southerly direction. It receives Carr's Cr. and Buflaio Cr. from the W. and Hays Cr. and South li. from the E. North River Alills, p. o. in Hampshire co., W. Va. North Robinson, p. v. in Crawford CO., Ohio, on the I'ittsburgli, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., (■>% mis. W. of Crestline. North Rochester, v. in Plymouth co., Mass. North Rome, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. North Rose, ]). o. in Wayne co., N. Y". North Royalton, p. v. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio, 12 nils, from Cleveland. North Rnmford, p. o. in Oxford co.. Me. North Rush, p. v. in Moni-oe Co., N. Y., 1 mle, from Scottsville Station. North Rnssel, p. o. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. North Rutland, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., 10 mis. from Gardner Station. North Salem, p. v. in Hendricks co., Ind., 12 mis. N. W. of Danville. Pop., 2iil. North Salem, tn. in Linn co.. Mo. Pop., 9.'53. North Salem, i^. v. in the above tn., 20 mla. from Linnaeus and 17 mis. N. of Brookfleld. North Salem, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. II. North Salem, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 1,754. North Salem, p. v. in the above tn., 5 nils. E. of Purdy's Station. North Salem, p. o. in Guernsey co., Ohio. North Sanbornton, p. v. in Belknap co., N. H., 5 mis. from Hill. North San Dieg'o, p. v. and the co. seat of San Diego co., Cal., on San Diego B. and Cr., about 500 mis. S. E. of San Francisco. Pop., 2,300. North Sandwich, p. v. in Bai'nstable co., Mass., on Cape Cod R. R. North Sandwich, p. v. in Carroll CO., N. H. , IS mis. from Meredith Village. North Sandy, p. o. in Mercer co., Pa. North Sanford, p. o. in Broome co., N. T. *North San Juan, p. v. in Nevada CO., Cal., 22 mis. frrinK'field, p. o. in Greene co.. Mo. North «priiifrlaeld,p. o. in Summit CO.. Ohio. North Spriiifflield, p. V. in Erie co., Pa.,on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., (^ mis. S. W. of Avonia. NORTH SPRINGFIELD. 659 NORTH VILLE. North Sprinjsrfield, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt., i\4 mis. E. of Gassefs Stiition. North Spring's, p. o. in Jackson CO., Tenn. North Stamford, p. v. in Fairfield co., Conn., 5 mis. from Stamford. North Star, tn. in Gratiot co., Mich. Pop., S46. North Star, p. o. in tlie above tn. North Star, p. v. in Atchison CO., Mo., on Missouri K., opposite Brownville, Nebr. North Star, p. o. in Darke co., Ohio. North Star, p. o in Alleghany co.. Pa. North Stnr, p. o. in Crawford" co., Wis. North Stephentown, p. o.in Rensselaer co., N. V. North Sterling, p. o. in Windham CO., Conn. I>i<»rth Stcrlins?, p. o. in Cayuga CO., N. Y. North Stockholm, p. o. inthe v.of Knapp's, ill St. Lawrence eo., N. Y., on the Ogdensbiirgh 6 Lake Chauiplain R. R ,3 mis. E. of Potsdam Junction. North Stoning'ton, tn. in New London co., Conn. I'op., 1,759. North Stonington, p. r. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Westerly, 11. I. North Stonghton, p. v. in Korfolk co., Mass., 2}^ mis. from Stoughton. North Strabane, tn. in Washington co., Pa. Pop., 1,'273. North Strafford, p. o. in Strafford CO., N. H., near Boston & Maine R. R., :i5 mis. N. E. of Manchester. A manufacturing town, in trade with agricultural surroundings. Pop. about 1,200. One newspaper. Nortli Sudbury, p. o. in Middlesex co., Mass. North Sutton, p. v. in Merrimack co., N. H., 9 mis. from Bradford. North Swansea, p. v. in Bristol co., Mass., 4 mis. from Warren, R. L North Tarrytown, p. o. in Westchester eo., N. Y. North Taychcedah, p. o. in Fond du Lac CO., ^\'is. North Tlietford, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., on the Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers R. R., l~}4 mis. N. of Well's River Junction. North Tisbury, p. o. in Dukes Co., Mass. ^North Topeka, p. v. in Shawnee co., Kans., on Kan.sas R., opposite Topeka and on Kan- sas Pacific R. R., 6S mis, W. of Kansas city. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. " North Towanda, tn. in Bradford co., Pa. P01<., .W2. North Towanda, p. o. in the above tn. North Troy, p. v in Orleans co., Vt., 10 mis. from Newport. North Truro, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on Cap(' Cod IJ., 23 mis. from Orleans. North Tunbridge, p. v. in Orange CO., Vt., 7 mis. from South Uoyalton. North Tnrner, p. v. in Androscoggin CO., Mc, 7 mis. from Strickland's Ferry. North Tnrner Bridge, p.v. in Androscoggin CO., Me., i mis. from North Leeds. Northumberland, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 955. Northumberland, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from Norlhuniberland Station and on the Connecticut R., opposite Guilford, Vt. Northumberland, tn. in Saratoga CO.. N. Y. Pop,, 1,(555. Northumberland, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chaiuiilain Canal, IS mis. from Mechanics- ville. Northumberland, co. in Pa., E. central part. Pop., 41,4f-l; in 1800,28,922. It is bounded on the W.by AVest Branch of the Susquehanna R. and the inain stream, and intersected bythe East Branch of the same. Four ranges intersect the CO. from W. S. W. to E. N. E.. as Line Mts., Mahanoy Mts., Montour's Ridge and Lime- stone Ridge, between which extend broad and fertile valleys. The Philadelphia & Erie R. E. extends along the E. Imnk of the Susque- hanna, and four other railroad lines intersect the CO. and connect with the first-named line. Sunbury is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 33.5,2()4 bush.; rye, 37,526 bush.; oats, 463,634 bush.; Indian-corn, 510,418 bush.; Irish pot's, 227,658 bush.; sweet pot's, 779 bush.; butter, 486,128 lbs.; hay, 25,831 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,430,987. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,347,216. Value of manufac- tures, $4,207,85,5. *Northumberland, p. bor. in above co., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R. and the Lacka- wanna & Bloomsburg R. R., at the junction of the Wyoming Valley Canal and the West Branch & Susquehanna Canal, 2 mis. N. of Sunbury and near the confluence of the East and West Branches of the Susquehanna R. Pop., 1,788. Northumberland, co. in Va., E. part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 6,863; in 1860, 7,531. It is bounded on the N. E. bv the Potomac R. and on the E. by Chesapeake B. The surface is low and level and the sandy soil but mod- erately productive. Heathsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 20.061 bush.; rj^e, 2.51 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,58,483 bush.; oats, 22,371 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,210 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,185 bush.; butter, 19,680 lbs.; hay, 92 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,129,160. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cludingadditions to stock, etc., $423,235. Value of manufactures, $51,900. Northumberland Station, v. in Coos co., N, IL, on the Grand Trunk R. R., 31 mis. N. W. of Gorham. North Underhill, p. o. in Chittenden co., Vt. North Union, p. o. in Montgomery co. Ind. North Union, p. v. in Knox co.. Me., 19 mis. from Rockland. North Union, tn. in Fayette co.. Pa. Pop., 1,683. North Union, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 666. North Uniontowu, p. o. in Highland co., Ohio. North Unity, p. o. in Leelenaw co., Mich. Northup, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. North Urbana, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. North Uxbridge, p. v. in Worcester co., v Mass., }4 mle. from Whitin's Station on the Providence & Worcester R. R., 1% mis. N. of Uxbridge. North Vassalborough, p. v. in Kennebec CO., Me.. 314 mis. from Vassalborough. *North "Vernon, p. v. in Jennings CO., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., the Louisville Division of the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. and tlie Madison Division of the Jeffersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 20 mis. S. E. of Columbus and 2 mis. N. W. of Vernon, the co. seat. Has active trade and manufactories. In the vicinity are extensive quarries of dolomite and limestone. Pop., 1,758. Two newspapers. North Versailles, tn. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Pop., 2.461. North Victory, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., 15 mis. from Port Byron. North Vienna, p. v. in Kennebec co.. Me., 9 mis. from Farmington. North View, p. o. in Mecklenburgh co., Va. Northville, p. V. in Litchfield co.. Conn., 3^ mis. from New Milford. Northville, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,187. Northville, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from. Somonauk. Northville, p. o. in Greene co., Iowa. Northville, v. in Plymouth co., Mass. ♦Northville, p. v. "in Wayne CO., Mich., on West Branch of Rouge R. and on the Flint & Pere Blarquette R. R. and the Holly, Wayne & Monroe R. R., 27 mis. N. W. of Detroit. The river afft)rds excellent water-power, which is employed by several mills and manufactories. Pop., 626. One newspaper. Northville, p. v. in Fulton co., N. Y., 25 mis. from Amsterdam. NORTIIVILLE. 660 NORWALK. JfortliTllle, p. o. in the v. of Stiitc Line, in Eric CO.. Pa., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. BTorth Vineland, p. v. in Cumberland co., N. J., on the West Jersey K. R., 13 mis. S. of Glassboi'ough. North Volney, p. o. in O.^wcgo CO., N. Y. North Wakefield, p. v. in Carroll co., N. H., 10 nils, from Union. North Waltlcn, p. o. in Caledonia co., Vt. North Waltloboroiijjh, p. v. in Lincoln CO., Mc, 'Jl nils, from Rockland. Nortit Wales, p. borough in Montgomery co,, Va.. on the North Pennsylvania R. R., '20 mis. N. of I'liihiilelphia. Pop., 407. Korth Walton, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. Northward, p. o. In Greenwood co., Kans. North Warren, p. v. in Knox co.. Me. North Washing-ton, p. o. in Chickasaw CO., Iowa. North Washing:ton, p. o. in Knox co.. Me. North Washington, p. v. in Hardin co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chica- go R. li., '21'K mis. W. of Upper Sanduskj'. North Washington, v. in Butler co., Pa. North Washing-ton, \i. v. in Westmoreland CO., I'a.. .') ml.s. from Apollo. North Waterborowgh, p. o. in York co., Me. North Waterlord, p. v. in Oxford co , Me., l,ii<; mis. from Soutlt l*ai-is. North Wayne, p. v. in Kennebec co., Me., 5 rals. from Readfleld Station. North Weare, p. v. in Hillsborough CO., N. H., on the Manchester & North Weare R. R., 19 mla. from 3Ianchester. North West, tn. in Orange Co., Ind. Pop., S79. North West, tn. in Williams co., Ohio. Pop., 1,521. North West, p. o. in the above tn. North Western, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on lihu-k Uiver Canal, 12 mis. from Rome. Northwest rorh, tn. in Sussex co., Del. Pop., 2,071. North West I>anding, p. o. in Norfolk cc, Va. North Westport, p. o. in Bristol co., Mass. North Weymouth, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on Massachusetts B. and the Soiath Shor(! R. R., 12 mis. S. K. of Boston. North Wharton, p. o. in Potter co., Pa. North Whitefield, p. v. in Lincoln co., Me., I.Tmls. from Augusta. North Whitehall, tn. in Lehigh CO., Pa. Pop., 4,170. North Whitehall, p. v. in the above tn., i mis. from Whitehall Station. North Williston, p. v. in Chittenden co., Vt., on the Central Division of the Vermont Cen- tral R. R., 1) mis. E. of Burlington. North Wilmington, p. v. in Middlesex CO., Rlass., on the Boston & Maine R. R. North Wilna, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., 7J^ mis. fioni Antwerp. North Wilton, p. v.. in Fairfield CO., Conn,, 4 mis. from Wilton. North Windham, p v. in Windham co., Conn., on t lie IJoston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 4 mis. N. E. of Willimantic. North Windham, p. v. in Cumberland co., M<\, 12U mis. from Saccarappa. North Windham, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 9 nils, from Chester. North Windsor, p. o. in the v. of Do Forest, m Dane eo.. Wis., on the Madison & Portage R R. North Winfield, p. v. in Herkimer co.,N. Y., (i nils, fi-om Cassville. North Winterport, p. o. in Waldo co.. Me. North Woburn, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., 2'/(C nils. N. of Woburn Centre Station. North Wolcott, p. v. in Lamoille co., Vt., 22 mis. from Barton. North Wolf borough, p. v. in Carroll co., N. H., i:i nils, from Union. Northwood, tn. in Worth CO., Iowa. Pop., 7-25. *Northwood, p. v. and the co. .seat of Wortli CO., Iowa, on Shell Rock R., at tlie N. terminus of the Central R. R. of Iowa, 20 mis. N. of Ma- son Citv ; in a grazing and agricultural sec- tion. Ir'op., 2S9. One newspaper. Northwood, tn. in Rockingham co., N, H. Pop., 1,430. Northwood, p. v. in Logan co., Ohio, 3 mis. S. of Bi'lle Centre. North Woodberry, tn. in Blair co.. Pa. Pop., 9.53. Northwood Centre, p. v. in Rockingham co., N. H., 7J^ mis. from Concord. Northwood Narrows, p. v. in Rockingbaic CO., N. H., IG mis. from Concord. North Woodstock, p. v. in Windham co., Conn., 4 mis. from New Boston. North Woodstock, p. v. in (Jxford co.. Me., 3 mis. fi-om Bryant's Pond. North "Wood.stock, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. North Woodville, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. North Yam Hill, p. v. in Yam Hill co., Oreg. 12 mis. from Dayton. North Yarmouth, tn. in Cumberland co. Me. Pop., 910. North Yarmouth, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. W. of Yarmouth. Norton, tn. in Kankakee co., 111. Pop., 1,180. Norton, ji. o. in the above tn. Norton, new co. in Kans., N. N. E. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. The surface consists mainly of rolling prairies. The S. part of the co. is in- tersected by the North Fork of Solomon R., the central part by Prairie Dog Cr., and the north-western corner by Sappa (Jr., an affluent of the Republican Fork of Kansas R. Norton, p. o. in the above co. Norton, tn. in Bristol co., Mass. Pop., 1,821. Norton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Taunton Branch It. R., 7 mis. N. VV. of Taunton. Norton, tn. in Muskegon co., Mich. Pop., G88. Norton, p. v. in Delaware co., Ohio, 10 mis. from Delaware. Norton, tn. in Summit co., Ohio. Pop., 1,821. Norton, p. o. in Clackamas CO., Oreg. Norton, tn. in Essex CO., Vt. Pop.. 303. Norton <'entre, p. o. in Summit co., Ohio. Norton Hill, p. v. in Greene co., N. Y., 17 mis. from Co.xsackle Station. Norton JVlills, p. o. in the v. of Norton Pond, in Essex co., Vt., on the Grand Trunk R. R. Norton Pond, v. in Essex co., Vt, on the Grand Trunk R. R., 11 mis. N. of Island Pond. Til'; p. o. is Norton Mills. Norton's RlufT, p. o. in McCrackcn CO., Ky. Nortonsvillo, p. o. in Albemarle co., Va. Nortonville, p. o. in Clarke co., Iowa. Norton vi lie, p. o. in Jefferson co., Kans. Nortonville, p. v. in Hopkins co,, Ky., at in- tersection of the St. Louis & Soutlieastern R, R. with the Elizabethtown & Paducah R. R., 5ii mis. from Henderson. Nortonville, p. o. in Ottawa oo., Mich. Norval, p. o. in Harnett co., N. C. Norvell, p. v. in Jackson co., Mich., on the Ja(!kson Branch of the Lake Shore & Michi- gan Southern R. R., 18}^ mis. N. W. of Tecnm- S<'ll. Norwalk, tn. in Fairfield co.. Conn. Pop., 12,119. *NorwalIi, p. v. in the above tn., on both sides of Norwalk R., near its entrance into Long Is- land Sound, and on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., at the junction of Norwalk & Danbury R. R., 43 mis. from New York. Tlio tn. has considerable commerce (the river being navigable to this point), and extensive manufactories of woollen goods, hats, straw goods and locks. Two newspapers. Norwalk, p. v. in Warren co., Iowa, 9 nils. S. of Des Moines. Norwalk, p. o. in Manistee Co., Mich. Norwalk, tn. in Huron co., Ohio. Pop., 5,722. *Norwalk, p. v. in the »bove tn. and the co. seat, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southera NOEWAY. 661 NOVELTY. K. K., niulway between Cleveland and Toledo. Has extensive manufactories and large local trade. Pop., 4,498, Two newspapers. Norway, p. v. In La Salle co., 111., 12 mis. from Ottawa. Norway, tn. in Winnebago co., Iowa. Pop., '214. Norway, p. o. in Repnblicco., Kans. Norway, tn. in Oxford co., Me. Pop., 1,954. ♦Norway, p. v. in tlie above tn., near the Grand Trunk 1{. !{., 40 mis. N. of Portland. Has ex- cellent water-power, .which is employed iu manufacturing. Pop., 916. One newspaper. Norway, tn. in Fillmore co., Minn. Pop., 1,380. Norway, p. o. in the v. of Holden in Goodliue CO., Minn., 18 mis. from Faribault. Norway, tn. in Herkimer co., N. Y. Pop., 1,117. Norway, p. v. In the above tn., 14 mis. from Herkimer. Norway, p. o. in Chester co., Pa. Norway, In. in llacine co.. Wis. Pop., 1,040. Norway CJrove, p. o. in Dane co., Wis. Norway L.ake, tn. in Kandij'ohi CO., Minn. I'op.. CliO. Norway I>aUc, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. from Willmar. Norweg:iaii, tn. in Schuylkill co., Pa. Pop., i,.3:io. Norweg'iaii, p. o. in Watonwan co., Minji. Norwich, tn. in New London co., Conn. Pop., lt),653. •Norwich, city in the above tn. and semi-co. seat, midwav "lictwecn New York and Boston, on the New London Northern H. R. and the Norwich & Worcester Division of the Boston, Hartford & Erie li. U., at the junction of the Vantic and Shetucket Rs., which unite here to form the Thames. The latter river is navi- gable, affording ex<;ellent commercial facili- ties, and the two branches of the Thames furnish strong water-power, which is utilized by over 100 manufactories of cotton and wool- len goods, paper, firearms, machinery, etc. The city is ploasantlj^ situated on a steep slope and a plane extending to the N., and is noted for the number and beautj' of its pri- vate residences. Pop., 16,653; in 1860, 13,7'2'2. Four newspapers. Norwich, p. o. in Hampshire co., Mass. Norwich, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., .5,601. ♦Norwich, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. scat, on the Chenango R. and Canal, and the New York & Oswego Midland 11. R. and the Utica Division of the Delaware, Lackawana & AVestern R. R., 54 mis. S. of Utica. Engaged in manufacture of hammers, piano-fortes, etc. Pop., 4,279. Two newspapers. Norwich, tn. in Fi-anklin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,632. Norwich, tn. in Huron co., Ohio. Pop., 1,172. Nor^vich, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, on the Central Oliio Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 14 mis. E. of Zanesville. Pop., 268. Norwich, tn. in McKean co.. Pa. Pop., 257. Norwich, p. o. in the above tn. Norwich, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 1,639. Norwich, p. v. in the above tn., on the Con- vvoctieut & Passuinpsic Rivers 11. R., 4^^ mis. N. of Wells River Junction. Norwich Town, p. v. in New London oo., Conn , on the New London Northern R. R. Norwood, p. V. in Mercer co., 111., 6 mis. from Viola. Norwood, p. o. in Lucas Co., Iowa. Norwood, p. o. in Norfolk co., Mass. Norwood, In. in Charlevoix co., Mich. Pop. ,182. Norwood, p. V. in the above tn., 12 mis. S. W. of Charlevoix and on Grand Traverse B. Norwood, p. o. in Bergen co., N. J. Norwood, 11. o. in Stanley co., N. C. Norwood, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Norwood, p. o. in Chester co., Pa. Norwood, p. V. in Nelson co., Va., 9 mis. from Lovingston. Norwood Park, p. o. in Cook co., 111. Norwood vi lie, p. o. in Sevier CO., Ark. Nossvillc, p. V. in Huntingdon CO., Pa., 20 mis. from Mount Union. Notasnlga, p. v. in Macon co., Ala., on the Western R. R. of Ala., 20 mis. W. of Opelika and 48 E. of Montgomerv. One newspaper. Notipecago River, in Mich., a tributary of Lake Michigan ; rises in Lake co. and flows througli Mason co. It has a westerly course. Notonia, tn. in Sacramento CO., Cal. Pop., 523. Notteley River, a tributary of the Hiavvas- see R.; rises in Union eo.,Ga.rflowsN. through a beautiful valley, inclosed by high moun- tains, and empties in Cherokee co., N. C. *Notre Dame, p. v. in St. Joseph co., Ind., 1}^ mle. N. of South Bend. Nottaway, tn. in St. Joseph co.,'Mich. Pop., 1,868. Nottaway, p. v. in St. Joseph co., Mich., on the Michigan Central R. R., 4 mis. E. of Centre- viUe. Nottingham, tn. in Wells co., Ind. Pop., 1,432. Notting'ham, p. o. in the above tn. Nottingham, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md., on the Patuxent R., B-2]4 mis. S. E. of \Vash- ington, D. C. Nottinghana, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 1,133. Nottingliam, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from New Market Nottingham, p. o. in the v. of Euclid, Cuya- hoga CO., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. Nottingham, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 921. Nottingham, p. o. in Chester co., Pa., on the Philadelphia & Baltimore Central 11. R., 3 mis. S. W. of Oxford. Pop. about 200. Nottingham, tn. in Washington co., Pa. Pop., 924. Nottingham Square, v.ln Mercer co., N. J., Nottoway, co. iu Va., S. E. central part. Area, about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 9,291 ; in 1860, 8,836. It is boiuided on the S. by tlie Nottoway R. and intersected by the Little Nottoway li., which rises in the western pari. The surface is pleasantly diversified by hill and dale and the soil of the valleys productive. The South Side Division of the Atlantic & Ohio R. R. in- tersects the CO. from E. to W., and the Rich- mond, Danville & Piedmont R. R. passes through the north-western corner. Notto- way Court House is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 37,907 bush.; Indian- corn, 82,686 bush.; oats, 55,754 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,924 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,306 bush.; butter, 37,135 lbs.; tobacco, 653,296 lbs.; liay, 67 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,225,536. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $323,513. "Value of manufactures, $63,150. Nottoway, p. v. and the co. seat of Nottoway CO., Va., on the South Side Division of the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 43 mis. from Petersburg. Pop. about 300. Nottoway Mills, p. o. in Southampton co.,Va. Nottoway River, a l)ranch of the Chowan R.; rises in Va., on the boundary between Prince Edward and Lunenburgh cos., forms the boundary between the latter and Nottoway CO., then separates Dinwiddle from Bruns- wick and Greenville cos., and intersects Sus- sex and Southampton cos. It joins the Me- herrin R. in Hertford co., N. C, to form the Chovvan R. Nottsville, V. in Daviess co., Kj\ Nounirak Island belongs to Alaska, and lies in Behring Sea, south of the moutli ot the Yukon R. Nova, p. o, in Ashland CO., Ohio. Novato, tn. in Marin co., Cal. Pop., 417. Novelty, p. v. in Knox co., Mo., 12 mis. S. of Edina. NOVESTA. 662 NYESVILLE. DToTesta, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 105. Novl, tn. in Oakland CO., MicU. Pop., 1,.351. Kovi, p. V. in the above tn., on the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R., 66 mis. from Toledo, Ohio. Pop. about 1.50. Noxnbee, co. in Miss., E. part. Ai-ea about 460 sq. mis. Pop., 20,905; in 1860, 20,667. It borders on Alabama and has a slightly rolling surface with a productive soil, which is well cultivated. Macon is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 3,629 bush.; Indian- corn, 516,155 bush.; oats, 19,707 Inish.; Irish pot's, 3,353 bush.; sweet pot's, 30,835 bush.; butter, 69,044 lbs.; cotton, 15,473 bales ; hay, 464 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,383,491. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,- 1()8,970. Value of manufactures, $210,959. BToyo, p. o. in Mendocino co., Cal. Nuckolls, CO in Nebr., S. part. Area, 376 sq. mis. Pop., 8 ; in 1860, 22. The surface con- sists mainly of undulating, fertile prairies anfl has a general slope toward the S. K. The N. part of the co. is drained by the Little Blue R. and its tributaries, Moorehouse and Elk Crs.; the souttiern part is intersected by the Republican Fork of Kansas R. Kuckollsville, p. o. in the v. of Grayson, in Grayson co., Va., 16 mis. from Independence Court House. Bfaeces, co. in Tex., S. part. Area, 1,500 sq. mis. Pop., 3,975 ; in 1860, 2,906. The surface is flat ; the soil mostly sandy, except in the N. part. Laguna de la Madre and Corpus Christi B. forms the eastern boundsiry, the Nueces R. the north-eastern, and Olmos Cr. the southern. The streams which drain and inter- sect the CO. are unimportant crs. Corpus Christi is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 3,600 bush.; Irish pot's, 120 bush.; sweet pot's, 925 bush.; butter, 3,388 lbs. Cash value of farms, $288,149. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $224,539. Value of manufactures, $205,068. Nueces, p. o. in the above co. Nngent's Grove, p. v. in Linn co., Iowa, 23 inls. N. of Marion. Null's Mills, p. o. in Fayette co., Ind. Nnina, p. o. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Numldia, p. v. in Columbia co. Pa., 9 mis. from Catawissa. Nnnda, tn. in McHenry co.. 111. Pop., 1,548. Nnnda, p. v. in Mcllenry co.. 111., at the inter- section of the Wisconsin Division and the Fox River Branch of the Chicago <& Northwestern R. R., 43 mis. N. W. of Chicago. Nunda, tn. in Freeborn co., Minn. Pop. 675. Nanda, p. o. in the above tn. Nunda, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop., 2,686. ^Nnnda, p. v. in Livingston co., N. Y., 21^ mis. from the station on the Buffalo Division of the Erie R. R., and 66 mis. S. E. of Butfalo ; a manufacturing village. Pop., 1,189. Two newspupers. Nnnda Station, p. v. in Livingston co., N. Y., on the Buffalo Division of the Erie R. R., 67 mis. S. E. of Buffalo. Nniilca, p. V. in Ottawa co., Mich., on the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., 22 mis. from Grand Rapids. Pop. al)out 300. Nurneysville, p. o. in Nansemond co., Va. Nursery Hill, p. o. Dent CO., Mo. Nursery Hill, p. o. in the v. of Syracuse, in Otoe CO., Nebr., on the Midland Pacific R. R. Nuzums, p. V. in Marion co.. W. Va., on Ty- gart's Valley R. and the Baltimore & Ohio li. R., 9}4mls. N. W. of Grafton. *NyacTk, p. v. in Rockland CO., N. Y., on the Hudson 11. and at the terminus of the North- ern R. R. of New Jersey, 29 mis. N. of New York city. It is the largest v. in the co. Pop., 3,438. Three newspapers. Nyack Turnpike, p. o. in the v. of Clark- ville, in Rockland co., N. Y., 2 mis. from Nanuet. Nye, CO. in Nev., S. part. Pop., 1,087. It is tra- versed quite uniformly by long and parallel mountain ranges, trending N. and S. and separating wide and level valle3'S. The Toya- bce Mts. traverse the N. W. section, having Reese River Valley on the W. and Smoky Val- ley on the E. Then follow in succession the Toquima Mts., the Ralston and Monitor Val- leys; the Monitor Mts., the Fish Spring Val- ley ; the Hot Creek Mts., the Hot Creek and Little Smoky Valleys ; the Reveille and De- sert niTiges ; "the White Pine Valley, the White Pine Mts.; and in the N. E. section the Coal and Sierra Valleys and the Cave Valley. The Amargosa is the largest river of the co., and traverses the southern part. The Reese R. flows through the N. W. corner. Small creeks, rising in the mountain ranges, but disappear- ing before they reach the bottoms of the val- leys, are numerous, and furnish the water sup- ply necessary to carry on the mining opera- tions. The most productive silver mines arc in the White Pine Mts., the Reveille Mts. and Toyabee Range. Belmont is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,314 bush.; oats, 1,390 busli.; Irish pot's, 7,065 bush.; but- ter, 4,750 lbs.; hay, 1,138 tons. Cash value of farms, .$32,670. I'otal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $52,774. Value ot manufactures, $116,941. Ny esville, p. o. in Pai'ke co., Ind. OAK. 663 OAKLAND. 0. Oak, p. o. in Pope co., 111. Oak, p. o. in Marion co., Iowa. Oak, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ind. Oak, In. in Mills co., Iowa. Pop., 748. Oak, p. o. in VVayne co., Mich. Oak, til. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 478. *Oakalla, p. o. in the v. of Liocla, in Iroquois CO., 111., on the Chicago Branch of the Illinois Central R. R., 4 nils. N. of Paxton. Oakalla, p. o. in Putnam co., Inch Oak Blnfr, p. o. in Orange co., Fla. Oak Bower, p. o. in Hart Co., Ga. Oak Centre, p. v. in Fond du Lac co., Wis., 31^ nils. S. W. of Oakfleld. Oak Creek, tn. in Milwaukee co.. Wis. Pop., I,9o9. Oak Creek v. in the above tn., on the Mil- waukee Division of the Chicago & North- western R. R., 10 mis. from Milwaukee. Oakdale, p. v. in Stanislaus co., Cal., on the Central Pacific R. R. Oaktlale, p. v. in Washington co.. 111., 11 mis. S. W. of Nashville on the St. LiOuis & South- eastern R. R. Oakdale, p. o. in Jennings co., Ind. Oaktlale, tn. in Howard co., Iowa. Pop., 176. Oaktlale, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Worcester & Nashua R. R., 10 mis. N. of Worcester. Oaktlale, tn. in Washington co., Minn. Pop., 45fi. Oaktlale, p. o. in the above tn. Oaktlale, p. v. and the co. seat of Antelope CO., Nelir. Oak Dale, p. o. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Oaktlale, p. o. in the v. of Westdale, in Dela- ware CO., Pa., l^mle. N. of the West Chester & Philadelphia R. R., and 10^^ mis. W. of Phil- adelphia. Oaktlale, p. o. in Rockbridge co., Va. Oaktlale, tn. in Monroe co., Wis. Pop., 619. Oaktlale Station, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the South Side R. R., 3]^ mis. W. of Say- ville. Oaktlale Station, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Oakttain, p. o. in Vanderburgh CO., Ind. Oakey Streak, p. o. in Butler co., Ala. Oak Farm, p. o. in Brown co., Ind. Oakfieltl, tn. in Audubon co., Iowa. Pop., 405. Oakfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. W. of Exira, the co. seat. Oakfleld, p. o. in Aroostook co., Me. Oakfleld, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,092. Oakfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of Greenville. Oakfleld, p. o. in Franklin co., Mo. Oakfleld, tn. in Genesee co., N. Y. Pop., 1,471. Oakfleld, p. v. in the above tn., H^ mis. N. W. of Batavia. Oakfleltl, p. o. in Perry co., Ohio. Oakfleld, tn. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis. Pop., 1,31)1. Oakfleld, p. v. in the above tn., on the Wis- consin Division of the Chicago & Northwest- ern R. R., 9 mis. S. W. of Fond du Lac. Oak Flat, p. o. in Pendleton co., W. Va. Oakfortl, p. o in Menard co.. 111. Oak ford, p. o. in the v. of Fairfield, in Howard c. Oakland tn. in Venango co.. Pa. Pop., 1,0S2. Oakland, p. o. in Clarendon disti-ict, S. C. Oakland, p. v. in Fayette CO., Tenn., 10 mis. W. of S«nnerville. Oakland, p. v. iu Colorado CO., Tex., 16 mis. S. W. of Columbus. Oakland, p. o. and the co. seat of Mason co., AVash. Ter. Oaklnjid, yi. o. in Morgan CO.. AV. Va. Oakland, tn. in Jefferson co., Wis. Pop., 1,071. Oakland, p o. in the above tn. Oakland City, p. v. in Gibson co., Ind., 13mls. E. of Princeton and near the Ohio & Michigan Canal. Pop. about 700. One newspaper. Oakland Cross Roads, \i. v. in Westmore- land eo.. Pa., W4 "lis. X. of Greensburgh. Oakland MillSj'p. o. in Xicholas co., Ky. Oakland ^lills, p. o. in Howai'd co., Md. Oakland Xills, p. o. iu Guernsey co., Ohio. Oakland >lills. p. v. iu Juniata co.. Pa., 6^ mis. X. E. of Mifflintown. Oaklaudon, p. o. in the v. of Oakland, In Mariori co., Ind., on the Indianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Columbus Cincinnati & In- dianapolis R. R., 14>^ mis, X. E. of Indiana- ]iolis. Oakl.ind Station, p. v. in AVarren co., Ky., on the Louisville vt X'ashville R. 11. Oakland Valley, p. o. iu Franklin CO., Iowa. Oakland Valley, p. o. in Orange Co., X. V. Oak I.awn, p. o. iu Providence co., R. I. Oak l,ovel, p. o. in Cleburne co., Ala. Oak Level, p. o. iu Henry CO., Va. Oakley, p. o. in Montgomei"y co.. Ala. Oakley, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., 1,137. Oaklev, p. v. iu tlie above tn., on the Toledo, Wahash & Western R. R., S mis. E. of Decatur. Oakley, p. o. in Franklin parish. La. Oakley, p. v. in Saginaw co., Mich., on the Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. R., 'lo inls. S. W. of Saginaw. Oakley, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio, 13 mis. N. E. of Cincinnati. Oakley, p. o. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. Oakley, p. o. in Overton co., Tenn. Oakley, p. v. in Mecklenburg co., Va., H mis. X. W. l)y W^ of Boydton. Oakley, p. o. in Green co.. AVis. Oakley Depot, p. v. in Charleston district, S. C on the Xortlieastern R. R. Oak I/Odgre, p. o. iu Choctaw co.. Ind. Ter. Oak ^lills, p. o. in Atchison co.. Kans. Oak Orchard, p. o. in Frederick eo., Md. Oak Orchard, p. o. in Orleans co., N. V. Oak Park, p. o. in the v. of Harlem, iu Cook CO., 111., on the Galena Division of the Chicago & Xorthwestern R. R., 9 mis. AV. of Chicago. Oak Park, p. o. in Madisou co., Va. Oak Point, p. o. in Clark co.. 111. Oak Point, p. o. iu Van Buren co., Iowa. Oak Point, p. o. iu AA'ilsou co., Tenn. Oak Point, p. v. in Cowlitz co.. Wash. Ter., on the Columbia R., 15 nils. X. E. of Monticello. Oak Ridg'e, p. o. in Jefferson eo., Ala. Oak Rid;;c, p. o. in Menard co.. 111. Oak Rid$;e, p. o. iu AA'it\ona co.. Minn. Oak Ridgre, p. v. in Cape Girardeau co., Mo., 9 mis. X. of Jackson. Oak Rid^e, p. o. in Passaic CO., X. J. Oak Ridg-e, p. o. in Guilford co., X. C. Oak Kid^e, p. v. in Hancock co., Ohio, 8 mis. W. (if Fiudlay. Oak Rnn, tn. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop.,45S. Oak Rnn, p. o. iu Hancock co., AA'. A'a. Oaks, p. o. in Orange co., X. C. Oaks, p. o. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Oaks, p. o. in Sauk eo.. Wis. Oak's Corners, p. v. in Ontario co., X. Y., on the Svracuse & Rochester Branch of tlie Xew York" Central R. R., i}4 mis. N. by AV. of Ge- neva. Oak Shade, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Oak Spring:, p. o. in Davis CO., Iowa. Oak Spring, ii. o. in Rutherford CO.. X. C. Oak Springrs, p. o. iu Anoka co., ^linn. Oaksvillc, p. v. in Otsego co., X. V., 5 mis. X. AV. of Cooperstown. Oaktoivn, p. v. in Knox co., Ind., on the Evansville & Ciivwfordsville R. R., laj^ mis X. of Vinccnncs. Pop. about '200. Oak Vale, p. o. iu I.awrence co.. Miss. Oak Valley, p. o. in Schuvler co.. 111. Oak Valley, p. o. in Hill co., Tex. Oakville, p. o. in Lawrence co.. Ala. Oakville, p. o. in Jeiterson co., Ark. Oakville, p. v. in X'apa co.. Cal., on the Cali- fornia Paeitic R. R.. 13 mis. from Xapa. Oakville, p. v. in Xew Haven co., Conn., on the AVatertown & AA^aterburv Branch of the Xaugatuck R. R., o}4 mis. X. AA'. of AVater bury. Oakville, p. o. in St. Mary's co., Md. OAKVILLE. 665 OCEANVILLE. Oakvillc, p. o. in Monroe co., Mich. Oaliville, p. o. in Warren co., N. C. OaUviile, p. v. in Cumberland co., Pa., on the Cumberland Valley It. R., 34 mis. W. by S. of Harrisburgh. Has produce trade with a thick- ly settled agricultural neighborhood. One nf'wspiiper. Oakville, p. o. in Shelb^ytco., Tenn. Oakville, p. o. and the co. seat of Live Oak CO., Tex. Oakville, p. o. in Appomattox co., Va. Oakway, n. o. in Oconee district, S. C. Oakwood^ tn. in Vermillion co., 111. Pop., •.>,3(;t. OakwoofI, p. o. in the above tn. Oak wood, p. o. in Linn co., Kans. Oakwood, v. in Grant CO., Ind., 3 mis. from Madison. Oakwood, p. o. in Cecil co., Md. Oak wood, p. o. in the v. of Campbell's Cor- ixMs. in Oakland CO., Mich., 9J^ mis. N. of Poiitiac. Oakwood, p. o. in Paulding co., Ohio. Oakwood, p. o. in Montgomery co., Tenn. Oakwood, p. o. in Leon co., Tex. Oak Woods, p. v. in Fleming CO., Ky., 12 mis. X. by W. of Fleniiiigsburgl). Oakwood Station, p. o. in Polk co., Iowa. Oasis, p. o. in Johnson co., Iowa. Oasis, p. o. in Saline co., Kans. Oasis, tn in Waushara co.. Wis. Pop., 634. Oasis, p. o. in the above tn. Oatlands, p. o. in Loudoun co., Va. Oatmeal, p. o. in Burnet co., Tex. O'Baniioii, p. v. in Jefferson co., Kj'., on the I-ouisville, Cincinnati & Lexington K. R., 14 mis. N. by E. of Louisville. Obcrle's Corners, p. o. in Carver co., Minn. «Oberlin, p. v. in Lorain co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 34 mis. W. S. VV. of Cleveland. A ])rosperous place with rapidly growing trade. Seat of Oberlin College and other flourishing educa- tional institutions. Pop., 2,888. Three news- papers. Obion, CO. in Tenn., N. W. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 15,584; in 18G0, 12,817. The surface is level ; the soil productive. It is bounded N. by Ky. and W. by the Mississippi R. It is drained by Obion and Redfoot Rs. Line Lake is on the N. border. The Mobile & Ohio R. R. traverses the E. part from N. to S., and the Nashville Northwestern R.R. intersects the N. E. corner. The two roads intersect each other at Union Citj'. Troy is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 91,139 bush.; rye, 216 bush.; Indian-corn, 917,445 bush.; oats, 21,919 bush.; Irish pot's, 26,.501 bush.; sweet pot's, 33,- 607 bush.; cotton, 2,256 bales; tobacco, 645,937 lbs.; butter, 227,660 lbs.; hay, 1,112 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,437,75.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, eta., $1,564,292. Value of manu- factures, , p. v. in Jackson co.. Miss., on the New Orleans, Mobile & Texas R. R., 13 inls. E. of Biloxi. Pop., 560. Ocean View, p. o. in Sonoma co., Cal. Ocean View, p. o. in Sussex co., Del. Ocean View, p. o. in Cape May CO., N. J, j Oceanville, p. o. in Hancock co., Me. OCEANVILLE. G66 OGDEN CITY. Oceanville, v. in Atlantic CO., N. J., 12 mis. E. of May's Landing. Oceola, p. o. in St. Joseph CO., Ind. Occola, p. o. in Greene co., Ky. Oceola, p. o. in Crawford co., Ohio. Occola, p. o. in Fond du Lac co., Wis. Oceola Centre, p. v. in Livingston co., Mich., (Jl4 u^ls- li- N- li- of Howell, the co. seat. Ochcltree, p. v. in Jolinson co., Kans., on tlie JMissouri It., Fort Scott & Gulf R. K., 7 mis. S. of Olathe. Pop. ahout 200. Ocliesec, p. o. in Calhoun co., Fla. OcSieyecIan, p. o. in Osceola co., Iowa. Oohlovhiice, p. o. in Thonms co., Ga. Ocklockonee, or Ockolockouee, River lises in Colquitt CO., Ga.; flows S. through Thomas co., then forms tlic W. boundary of Loon and Wakulla cos., Fla., and empties into Ai)))aUichee H. Ockolockouee, p. o. in Wakulla co., Fla. Oclawatia River, tributary of the St. John's II., in Fla.; is the outlet of a group of lakes in Orange and Sumter cos.; flows N. through Marion Co., and joins the St. John's in Put- nam CO. Ocmulg-ee River, a bi-anch of the Altaraaha R., in Ga.; is formed by the junction of three small streams — the Ulcafawhachee II., the Yellow 11. and the South R., on the boundary of Jasper and Butts cos.; flows S. S. E. tln-ough the center of tlie state to the northern limit of Irwin co.; tlien turns to the E. and joins tliG Oconee U., near Colquitt, to form the Al- tamaha 11. It is navigable for small boats as far as Miicon. Ocoee, p. o. in Polk co., Tenn. Ocoiia Liufty, p. o. in Swain co., N. C. Oconee, p. v. in Washington co., Ga., on tlie Central 11. R. of Georgia, 13 mis. S. W. of San- dersville, the co. seat. Oconee, district in S. C, form.ing the western extremity of the state. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop., 10,530. Keowee R. forms the east- ern boundary ; TugalooR. the south-western, and Chatooga R. the north-western. The northern part of the district is hilly and mountainous ; the remainder rolling and un- dulating. The soil of the valleys is produc- tive. Tlie Blue Ridge R. R. intersects the co. Walhalla is tlie co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 10,533 bush.; rye, 2,637 bush.; In- dian-corn, 138,903 bush.; oats, 5,903 bush.; Irish pot's, I,GG7 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,950 bush.; cot- ton, 810 bales ; butter, 11,205 lbs.; rice, 23,060 lbs. Cash value of farms, 1679,918. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $196,482. Value of manufactures, $32,851. Oconee, tn. in Shelby co.. 111. Pop., 1,558. Oconee, p. v. in the above tn., on the Illinois Central R. R., 7 mis. S. of Pana. Pop. about 300. Oconee River, a branch of the Altamaha R., in Ga.; is formed by several small forks rising in Hall co.; flows S. by E. and joins the Oc- mulgee R., near Colquitt, to form the Alta- maha. It is navigable for small boats as far as Mdledgeville. Ocononiewoc, tn. in Waukesha co.,AVis. Pop., 2,931. ^Oconomowoc, p. v. in the above tn., on the La Crosse Division of the Milwaulcee & St. Paul R. R., and upon a beautiful chain of lakes, from which it takes its nmne. A ship- ping point for produce, and a favorite sum- mer resort. Pop., 1,408. One. newspaper. Oconto, CO. in VVis., N. E. part. Area, 3,6.j0 sq. mis. Pop., 8,321 ; in 1860, 3,592. The surface is generally level and covered with pine forests. The soil is moderately productive. Menomo- iiee R. forms the N. E. boundary, separating the CO. from tlieN. peninsula of Mich. Green B. bounds it on the S. K. Peshltgo R. and Oconto R. run through the co., flowing into Green li, Oconto is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1S70: Wheat, 22,113 bush.; rye, 2,337 bush.; lndian-corn,2,683 bush. ; oats,25, 481 bush.; Irish pot's, 36,.300 bush.; butter, 46,300 lbs.; hay, 3,.566 tons. Cash value of farms, $474,700. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $-232,983. Value of manufactures, $2,118.08."). Oconto, tn. in Oconto co.. Wis. Pop., 3,278. Oconto, p. V. In the above tn. and the co. seat, on Oconto R. 2 mis. above its entrance into Green B., on the VVisconsin Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. A growing town, with a very large lumber trade and numerous saw-mills. Pop., 2,655. Two news- papers. Oconto Falls, p. o. in Oconto co.. Wis. Oconto River, in Wis.; rises in Oconto CO., and flows througli Shawano co. and empties into Green B. Ocopilco, p. o. in Brooks co., Ga. Ocoya, p. V. in Livingston co.. 111., on the Chi- cago & Alton R. R., 6 mis. S. S. W. of Pontiac, Ocracoke, p. o. in Hyde co., N. C. Octag-on, p. o. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Octoraro, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 8 mis. S. W. of Penningtonville. Odanab, p. o. m Ashland co.. Wis. Oddville, p. o. in Harrison co., Ky. Odell, tn. in lavingston co.. 111. Pop., 1,45.'). *Odell, p. V. in tlie above tn., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 12 nils. N. E. of Pontiac, the co. seat. Pop., 739. Two newspapers. Odell, p. o. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Oden, tn. in Chicot co., Ark. Pop., 1,523. Odense, p. o. in Allen co., Kans. Odenton, p. o. in Anne Arundel co., Md. Odessa, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., S14 nils. K. of Middletown. Pop,, 695. Odessa, tn. in Ionia co., Mich. Pop., 959. Odessa, p. v. in Schuyler co., N. Y., 314 ™ls. E. S. E. uf Havana, the co. seat. Odin, tn. in Marion co.. 111. Pop., 1,268. *Odin, p. V. in the above tn, on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. and the Chicago Branch of the Illinois Central R. R., 6 mis. W. of Salem, the CO. seat, and in the midst of a rich agri- cultural country. One newspaper. Odin, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Oenavillc, p. o. in Bellco., Tex. Olahonia, p. o. in Leake co.. Miss. OTallon, 111. (See O'Fallon Depot.) O'Fallon, p. v. m St. Charles co., Slo., on the Nort li Missouri R. R., 12 mis. W. of St. Charles. Pop. al)Out 300. O'Fallon Depot, p. o. in the v. of O'Fallon, in St. Clair co.. 111., on the Oliio & Mississippi R. R., 17 mis. E. of St. Louis. Pop., 1,117. O'Fallons, v. in Netar., on the Union Pacific R. 11., 17 mis. W. of North Platte. Pop. about 100. OITutt's Cross Roads, p. o. In Montgomery CO.. Md. Ogden, p. V. in Champaign co.. 111., on the Indianopolis, Blooniington & Western R. R., 13'/^ nils. E. of Urbana. Og'den, V. in Cumlierland co.. 111. Ogden, p. V. in Henry co., Ind., on the Pitts- burgli, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 38 mis. E. of Indianapolis. Pop. about 200. Og'den, p. V. in Boone co., Iowa, on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 11 mis. E. of Grand Junction. Pop. about 2(X). Ogden, tn. in Riley co., Kans. Pop.. 5.30. Og'den, p. V. in the above; tn., on llie J'Cansas Pacilic R. R., 11 mis. S. AV. of Manhattan. Ogden, tn. in Lenawee CO., Mich. I'op., 1,515. Og'den, ]). o. in Antelope co., Nel). Og'den, tn. m Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 2,874. Ogden, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. of Chiu'chville. Ogden, p. V. in Clinton co., Ohio, on the Cin- cinnati &, Muskingum Valley R. R.,5 mis. W. S. W. of Wilmington. Ogden Centre, p. o. in l.fnii'wfM; '\r, Mir-h. *Ogden City, p. v. amV iLnrgb, city in St. Lawrence co., N. v., on the St. Lawrence R., at the mouth of the Oswegatchie R., at the N. terminus of the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensl)urgh R. R., ami at the \V. terminus of the Ogdensburgh & Lake Champlain R. R. Has large grain elevators and an extensive river commerce, and the Oswegatchie aflfords excellent water- power, which is employed by several large manufactories. Pop. in 1870, 10,076; in 1860, 7,385. Three newspapers. Ogrden.sburgb, p. v. in Tioga co., Pa., 4 mis. N. of Roaring Branch. Og'densburg'h, p. v. in Waupacca co.. Wis., on the Green Bay & Lake Pepin R. R., 9 mis. N. X. E. of Waupacca. Pop. about lOU. Ogden's Liaiidlng, p. o. in Ballard co., Ky. ^g-densville, p. o. Cocke co., Tenu. Ojj'echee, p. o. in Scriven co., Ga. Ojfecliee River, in Ga.; rises in Green co., and flovving in a sonth-easterly direction empties, through Ossabaw Sound, into the Atlantic Ocean. Its course is nearly parallel to the Savannah R., and its mouth is about 20 mis. S. of the city of Savannah. Og'emaiv, co. in Mich., N. E. part. Area about SOO sq. mis. Pop., 12. The surface is rolling, and has a general slope toward the S. E. Tlie soil is productive. Rifle R. is the principal stream of the co. Cash value of farms, 3f2,.50(). Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,650. Og'einaw, p. o. in Iosco co., Mich. Og'emaw S^prings, p. o. in Ogemaw CO., Mich. Og-le, CO. in 111., N. part. Area, 760 sq. mis. Pop., 27,492; in 1S60, 22,888. The surface is rolling ; the soil very fertile. It is intersected by the Rock R., and also drained by the Leaf R. The Galena Central R. R. passes through the N. part of the co. Oregon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, .502,618 bush.; rye, 157,504 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,787,066 bush.; oats, 141, .540 bush.; Irish pot's, 207,784 bush ; sweet pot's, 1,990 bush.; butter, 875,056 lbs.; hay, 41,637 tons. Cash value of farms, $15,669,- 702. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,442,692. Total value of manufactures, $442 - 711. Ogle, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. Oglesby, p. v. in La Salle co.. 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 3 mis. S. by E. of La Salle. Oglethorpe, co. in Ga., K. E. part. Area about 480 sq. mis. Pop., 11,782; in 1860, 11,549. The northern boundary is formed partly by the Broad R. and partly by the South Branch of this stream, and the south-western boundary by the Oconee R. Long Cr., Diamond Cr. and other small streams draiii the co. The sur- face is rolling and the soil productive. The Athens Branch of the Georgia R. R. intersects the CO. Lexington is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 28,958 bush.; rye, 128 bush.; Indian-corn, 181.368 bush.; oats, 22,880 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,760 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,- 5,32 bush.; cotton, 5,907 bales; butter, 106,249 lbs.; hay, 961 tons. Cash value of farms, $975,- 891. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,109,340. Value of manufactures, $169,584. Oglethorpe, p. v. aud the co. seat of Macon CO., Ga., on the Flint R., near the Southwest. ern R. R.,5 mis. S. of Montezuma. Pop., 400. Ogunciuit, p. V. in York co., Me., 10 mis. S. E, of Well's Depot. OHIO, one of the states of the Mississippi Valley; is bounded on the N. by Mich, and Lake Eric ; on the W. by Ind. on the S. and S, E. by the Ohio R., which separates it from Kv. and W. Va,, and on the E. by Pa. It extends from 38° 2,5' to 42° N. lat. (a distance of about 210 mis.), and from 80° 28' to 84° 42' W. long, (a distance of about 220 mis.) The area is 39,964 sq. mis., or 25,576,960 acres. ;SM?-/ace.— Ohio has no elevations that could be termed mountains, but it is far from being a level plain. With the exception of the north- western part, it is a table-land, having a mean elevation above the sea of 1,000 feet, the inequal- ities of which are the result of the erosion or excavation of valleys and ravines by streams of water. A ridge or rather a swell of the ground forms the divide between the waters llowing N, into Lake Erie and those flowing S. into the Ohio R. Near the 40th parallel extends a belt of hills from E. to W. through the middle of the state, abounding in highly picturesque scenery. Toward the S. the valleys cut out by the streams grow deeper and deeper, until they reach the valley of tlie Ohio R., which is several hundred feet below the general level of the state. The siirface of that part of the state which lies N. of the water-shed is generally level, and has a gentle inclination toward the lake. Rivers. — The principal stream of the state is the Ohio, which sweeps along its southern boundary in a wide meandering curve. "Where it first touches tlie state it has a width of 360 yards ; but increases to a width of 600 yards at Cincinnati. Its current is gentle, exceeding 3 mis. per hour only during the stages of high, water. It drains with its tributaries the larger portion of the state. The following are the most important: the Mahoning R., which tra- verses Portage, Trumbull and Mahoning cos., and joins the Ohio in Pa.; the Muskingum, which is formed by the Walhonding and Tus- carawas Rs. and is navigable from its mouth at Marietta to Dresden ; the Scioto, which rises in Hardin co., flows S. E. to Columbus, where it is joined by the Olentangy, or Whetstone R., and enters the Ohio at Portsmouth ; the Little Miami R., and the Great Miami R., which rises in Hardin co., and flowing S. W. passes Troy, Dayton and Hamilton ; it is navigable for about 75 liils. Lake Erie forms tliree-fourths of the north- ern boundary and drains the portion of the state lying Ni of a line drawn from the N. E. corner to the intersection of the 40th parallel with the western boundary. The chief rivers emptying into the Lake are the Maumee, San- dusky, Huron, Vermillion, Black, Rocky, Cuya- hoga, Chagrin, Grand, Ashtabula and Conneaut Rs. The llaumee enters the state from Ind. and flows through the N. W. part for about 80 mis. It is navigable from Toledo to Perrysburg (18 mis.); but in high stages of water steamers ascend as far as Defiance, 60 mis. aljove Toledo. Climate mid Vegetation.— The climate of Ohio is mild and salubrious. The mean annual tem- perature is about ,50° in the northern tier of counties ; 51° in the central part of the state and 54° in the most southerly parts, along the banks of the Ohio R. The changes of temperature, however, are often abrupt and sudden, a cli- matic peculiarity which Ohio shares with the other states between the Alleghany and the Rocky Mts. The rain and snow-fall varies from 36 inches annually along the shore of Lake Erie to 42 inches in the middle districts, and to 48 inches in the southern corner, including Brown, Clermont and Hamilton cos. Ohio was tormerl}^ covered with almost un- broken forest of deciduous trees, consisting of OHIO. 668 OHIO. oalc. walnut, hickory, inaplo, elm, asli, chest- nut ('• buck-eye"), pbplai-and other trees; but thi'V liav(! ijceii cleaied t>. a great extent, and in many parts of the state timber is scarce. Population.— llhG first permanent settlement in Ohio was made in 178S, at Ma.'ietta, by a com- pany from New Kngland. Tlie second settle- iiiL-nt was made in the same year at Columl)ia, near the mouth of the Little Miami R., and in tlie next year Cincinnati was founded. Tlie " Virginia Military Heservation " between the Scioto and Little Miami lis., was settled by revolutionary veterans and others from Va., and the ' Connecticut Keserve," in the N. K. part of vhe state, attracted many citizens from Connecticut, who made their homes alon^ the shore of Lake Erie. Before the close or 1798 eiglit coui-Mes had been organized, and the white male inhabitants numbered over .5,000. In ISOO the population was 45,365; in 1810, 230,- 760 ; in 1820, 581,'.",)5 ; in 1830, 937,903 ; in 1840, 1,519,- 4J7; in 1850, 1,980,329 : in 18G0, '2,339,511, and in 1870, 2,(;()5,'2iJ0, of whom 2,292,707 were natives of the United States, including 1,813,009 natives of the state, and 372.493 natives of foreign countries. Of tliese 12,725 were born in British America, 3,091) in .Austria proper, 12,778 in France, 182,889 in Germany 30,561 in England, 82,674 in Ireland, 7,819 in Scotland, 12,939 in Wales and 12,727 iu Switzerland. The jiopulation of 10 years of age and over was 1,953,374, of whom 840,889 were engaged in all classes of occupations, viz.: 397,024 iu agri- culture, 168,308 in professional and personal ser- vices, 78,547 in trade and transportation, and 197,010 in manufactures, mechanical and mining inciustries. Minerals and Mining.— The mineral wealth of the state consists principally in the vast extent of its productive coal measures, being part of the great Appalachian coal-fleld ; and in the in- exhaustible deposits of excellent iron ores. Tuscarawas co. alone, it is estimated, possesses 80,000 millions of bushels of the best bitumin- ous coal. The annual product of the state, since 1800, amounts to about 60,000,000 bush. The deposits of iron ores extend through an irea of about 12,000 sq. mis. in the southern part of the state, and are mined chiefly in tliic C50S. of Lawrence, Gallia, Jackson, Meigs, Vin- ton, Athens, Hocking, Perry and Licking. In 1870 the production in these "counties amounted to 208,746 tons. Salt is also extensively mined, the annual product being about 2,000,000 bush. Petroleum is obtained in Washington, Athens, Morgan and Noble cos. The Cleveland refin- •iries turned out in 1870 a million of bai-rcls of 2iure coal oil. In various parts of the state oc- cur deposits of excellent cement, building stones and grindstones, which were quarried in 1870 to the amount of 125,000 tons. Burr or mill stones of a very superior quality are obtained in JacksOn and "Muskingum cos. AgricuUure. — Ohio possesses a productive soil throughout its whole extent. The area of un- cultivable land is veiy limited, while the river valleys, especially the bottoms of the Scioto and Miami, are unsurpassed in fertility by any portion of the Union. The north-eastern part of the state, known as the " Western lleserve," including 12 counties and extending for 120 miles along the coast of Lake Erie, is the great dairy region, and pro- duces large quantities of butter and cheese. Sheep-growing is the preuminent pursuit of the farmers in the S. E. part. The broad belt lying across the state from E. to W., to the N. ot the center, is the principal wheat district, while tlie central portion, to the S. and W. of Columbus, Is especially the regitn for beef cattle. The S. shore of Lake Erie is noted for fruil. Apples, peaclies and especially grapes are here cultivat- ed with great success"; the great body of water equalizing the temperature and preventing late frosts in spring and early frosts iu autumn. In 1S70 Ohio had 195,053 farms with a total area of 21,702.420 acres, of which 14,469,133 (or Sti'^ per cent, of the area of the state) were under cul- tivation ; 6,883,575 acres were woodland and tho remainder of 259,712 acres were uncultivated. The total value of farm? was $l,05t,465,226 ; of tho farm implements, $25,692,787, and of the produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., 1^198,. 2.56,907. The chief products were: Spring wheat, 256,400 bush.; winter wlieat, 27,625,759 bush.; rye, 816,890 bush.; Indian-corn, 67,501,144 bu.sli.; oats, 25,317,549 bush.; barley, 1,715,221 bush,; Irish pot's, 11.192,814 bush.; sweet pot's, 230,295 bush.; tobacco, 18,741,973 lbs.; wool,20,539,043 lbs.; cheese, 8,169,486 lbs.; butter, .50,266,372 lbs.; flax, 17,880,624 lbs.; wine, 212,912 gals.; hay, 2,289,565 tons. The live stock had a value of $120, 300 ,.528, and comprised 609,722 horses, 16,065 mules and asses, (ir)l,390 milch cows, 23,606 working oxen, 7.58,221 other cattle, 4,928,635 sheep and 1,72S,9;;8 swine. Manufacture?.. — The manufacturing indus- try of Ohio has more than douljlcd during the last census decade. In I860 the imm I'-r of establishments was 11,123; the capital invest- ed, $57,295,303, and the value of products, $69,- 800,270. In 1870 the establishments numbered 22,773, using 4,586 steam-engines, of 129,577 horse- power, and 2,157 water-wheels, of 44,746 horse- power. There were employed 137.202 hands, and wages paid were ,$49,066,480. The capital invested was $141,923,964; the materials con- sumed had a value of $157,131,097, and the pro- ducts a value of $269,713,610. The principal pro- ducts were: Agricultural implements, $11,907,- 366 ; boots and shoes, $6,559,946 ; bread, crack- ers, etc., $2,202,818; carpentering and building, $6,805,653 ; carriages and wagons, $5,049,590 ; freight and passenger cars, $2,555,655 ; men's clotliing, $12,367,440 ; rectified coal oil, $5,388,473 ; flour and meal, $21,692,210 ; furniture, $5,794,376 ; rolled and forged iron, $13,033,169 ; nails and spikes, $2,097,848 ; pig iron, $10,9.56,938 ; iron cast- ings, $7,318,102; stoves and hollow ware, $3,221,- 298; leather, $7,236,332; distilled liquors, $7,022,- 656 ; malt liquors, $5,753,666 ; sawed lumber, $10,- 102,780; machinery (not specified), $4,198,942; steam-engines and boilers, $4,801,341 ; packed pork, $10,6.55,950 ; paper, $4,010,483 ; sadlory and harness, $2,074,268; sash, door and blind, $3,416,- 998 ; soap and candles, $2,976,544 ; tin, copper and iron ware, $3,214,285 ; tobacco, $2,380,583 ; cigars, $2,666,183 ; and woollen goods, $3,187,815. Commerce and Railroads.— Tho commerce of Ohio is facilitated by a very complete net of railroads, several canals and the navigable waters. In the year ended June 30, 1871, thei'e were imported iiito the four customs districts of the state (Cuyahoga or Cleveland, Sandusky, Toledo and Cincinnati), from foreign countries, goods to the value of $3,314,378, which yielded $209,737 duties. The direct exportation amount- ed to $1,743,843. The vess(!ls owned within the state numbered 1,148, of 164,266 tons burden. The mileage of railroads was, in 1872, 5,369 mis. against 4,598 in 1870; 2,598 in 1860; l,-240 in 18,50, and 754 in 1841. The following are the i)rinci]ial lines: The Atlantic <& Great Western U.K., from Salamanca, N. Y., to Dayton and thence to Cincinnati (447 nils.); the Central Ohio II. 11., from Brllaireto Columbus (137 nils.); the Cincin- nati & Indianapolis Junction II. li. (98 nils.); the Cincinnati & IVIuskingum Valley K. 11. (148 mis.); the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland 11. li. (2151,^ mis.); tlieCleveland,"Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis 11. 11. (471 mis.); the Cleveland, Mt. Vernon & Delaware H. U. (114y> mis.); the Cleveland & Pittsburgh 11. It. (ilo% mis.); tho Dayton & Michigan K. It. (142 mis.); the Little Miami U. It., from Cincinnati lo Springfield, and several branches (196 nils.); the Marietta & Cincinnati 11.11.(283 4-5 mis.); the IMttslJurgh, Fort Wayne& Chicago U.K. (46Smls.); the Pifts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis K. It. (201 mis.) and the Sanduskv, Mansfield & Newark It. U (160 4-5 mis.). OHIO. 669 OHIO. The canals were built at the expense of the state, and have a combined length of 736 mis. The Ohio & Erie Canal runs from Cleveland to the valley of the Muskingum, thence to Colum- bus and down the Scioto to Portsmouth. The Wabash & Erie Canal follows the valley of the Mauniee to Fort Wayne, and thence extends to Terre Haute. Tlio Miami Canal branches from the Wabash & Erie, 13 mis. above Deflance, and runs up the valley of the Auglaize R. In cross- ing the water-slied, it Is supplied from a reser- voir situated partly in Mercer and partly in Auglaize cos., wliich covers an area of 17,000 acres. From this point the canal passes down into the Miami valley to Hamilton, and thence to Cincinnati. Ediicalion, Press, ei co., Mo., on the Mississippi R,, opposite Cairo, 111. Ohio tirovc, tn. in Mercer co.. 111. Pop., 1,125. Ohio River, one of the principal tributaries of the Mississippi R.; is formed by the conflu- ence of the Alleghany and Monongahela Rs., at Pittsburgh, Pa., flo'ws in a general W. S. W. direction, forming the boundary between W. Va. and Ky. on the S,, and Ohio, fiid. and 111. on the N,, and joins the Mississippi at Cairo, III. Throughout its whole length (975 mis.) the river flows with a gentle current, uninterrupt- ed by rapids except near Louisville, Ky,, where it descends 26 feet in throe mis., foriiiing the "Falls of the Ohio." It drains the N. E, por- tion of the Mississippi basin, a fertile and populous region of 214,000 sq, mis. in extent. At Pittsburgh the stream, during low water, is 699 feet above its mouth, indicating a mean fall of 0.72 feet per mile. The range between extreme low and extreme high water is about 45 feet, but the usual range does not exceed 25 feet. The mean width of the river between Pittsburgh and Point Pleasant is 1,000 feet at low water and 1,200 feet at high water, the corresponding areas of cross-section being about 5,000 and .50,000 sq, feet respectively. These dimensions gradually increase, until near the mouth of the river the widths be- come about 2,500 feet and 3,000 feet, and the areas 50,000 and 150,000 sq, feet respectively. TheOhio discharges annually about 5 trillions of cubic feet, or about one-quarter of the an- nual discharge of the Mississippi. The first i-ise in the I'iver usually occurs in February, when the snows melt, and is about 25 feet at the mouth. The next rise occurs in May or ■June, and is due to the summer rains. In Au- gust and September the river is lowest, and then is only navigable for boats of 18 inches draught, ilarly in November it begins to rise and often continues to do so until the banks are full. It freezes generally about Christ- mas, and sometimes remains frozen for four weeks. The following are the principal tri- butaries : The Muskingum, Scioto and Miami Rs., in Ohio; the Wabash R., which joins the Ohio between Ind. and 111.; the Little Kan- awha, Great Kanawha and Guyandotte Rs., in W. Va,, ancl the Sandy, Licking, Kentucky, Salt,' Green, Cumberland and Tennessee Rs., in Kentucky. Ohioville, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., 2 mis. E. of New Paltz. Ohioville, p. V. in Beaver co., Pa., 3 mis. N. of Smith's Ferry. Ohiowa, p. o, in Fillmore co., Nebr. OhI's Town, p. o. in Trumbull co,, Ohio. Okclinokee Swamp, in southern Ga.; occu- pies portions of Charltonj Ware and Clinch COS., and covers an area ot about 600 sq. mis. It includes numerous ponds and small lakes, is 111 many parts covered with a dense growth of cypress and oak, and is the haunt of alli- gators, snakes, etc. Oil, tn. in Perry CO., Ind. Pop,, 1,440. *Oil City, p. borough in Venango co.. Pa., at junctit)!! of Oil Cr. with Alleghanv R., 132 mis. N. of Pittsburgh. It is on the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., at E. terminus of the Jamestown Division of Lake Shore & Michi- gan Southern II. R., E. terminus of Franklin Branch of Atlantic & Great Western R. R., and N. terminus of the Alleghany Valley R. R. Connected with Pittsburgh by steamers via the Alleghany R. during high water. The borough has had a magical growth, having reached its present proportions in less than a decade, and owes its prosperity and active trade to the developments of coal oil in the vicinity, for which article it is the leading dis- tributing point, and for whose territory it ia OIL CREEK. 671 OLEAN. the grand center of supplies. Pop., 2,276. Five newspapers. Oil Creels, an affluent of the Allegliany R. in Pa.; rises in Crawford co., and flowing S. througli Venango co. empties near Oil City. Oil Creek, p. o. in Perry co., Ind. Oil Creek, tn.in Crawford co., Pa. Pop., 2,041. Oil Creek, p. borough in the above tn., on the Oil Ci-eek & Alleghany River R. R., 3^ nils. N. W. of Titusville. Pop., i-lS. Oil Creek, tn. in Venango co.. Pa. Pop., 5,098. Oil I>i&r^inIace, p. o. in Dmwiddie co., Va. Oldenbnrg'h, p. v. in Franklin co., Ind., 4ml9. N. of Batesville. Pop., 160. Old Ditch, p. o. in Jefferson co.. Mo. Old Farm, p. o. in Lawrence co.. 111. Old Field, p. o. in Livingston parish, La. Old Forg'e, p. o. in the v. of Brown's Switch, in Luzerne CO.. Pa., on the Lackawanna Hr}fh, p. v. in Richland co., Ohio, 6 nils. W. N. W. of Ashland. Olivet, p. o. in Union co., Iowa. Olivet, p. o. in Osage co., Kans. *Olivet, p. V. in EiUoii co., Midi., 3 mis. from Olivet Station, on Peninsular R. R.and 8 mis. from Charlotte, the CO. scat. Pop., 526. One newspaper. Olivet, p. o. in Armstrong co., Pa. Olivet, p. o. ill Pierce co., Wis. Olivia, p. o. ill the v. of Bakl Eagle, in Blair CO., Pa,, an the Bald Eagle Valley Branch of the Pennsylvania Central R. li. Ollie, p. o. in Butler CO., Nebr. Olmstead, co. in Minn., S. E. part. Area, 648 sq. ml.s. Pop., 19,793; ill 1860, '.t,.524. The sur- face is uneven and the soil productive. The CO. is drained by the Root R., and other trib- utaries of the Mississippi. It is intersected by the Winona & St. Peter R. R. Rochester is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,117,074 bush.; rye. 495 bush.; Indian- corn, 340,223 bush.: oats, 996,364 bush.; Irish pot's, 126,668 bush.; butter, 654,455 lbs.; hay, 31,319 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,308,111. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., ^2,- 887,800. Value of manufactures, $783,518. Olmstead, p. v. in Logan co., Kj-., on the Louisville, Nashville & Great Northern R. B., 1.50 mis. S. W. of Louisville. Poo. about 1.50. Olmsted, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Pop., 1,570. Olmsted, p. o. in the v. of Olmsted Falls, in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan. Southern R. R. Pop., 383. Olmsted Falls, p. o. in Franklin co., Vt. Olinstedville, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y., 24 mis. from Griffin's. Olney, p. o. in Marion CO., Ark. Olney, tn. in Richland CO., 111. Pop., 4,092. *01ney, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Ohio and Mississippi R. R., 31 mis. W, of Viiicennes, Ind Shipping point for agricul- tural products and a manufacturing center. Pop., 2,630. One newspaper. Olney, p. v. in Montgomery CO., Md., 143-^ njls. W. of Laurel Factory. Olney ville, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., 011 the Hartford, Pi-ovidenoe & Fishkill R. R., 3 mis. W. of Providence. Olnstee, p. v. in Baker co., Fla., on the Florida Central R. R., 10 mis. W. of San45 ; in 1860, 4,5. OEANGE. 676 OREGON. Orange, tn. in Orange eo., Vt. Pop. 733. Orange, p. v. in the above tn., 22 mis. N. W. ofBnulford. Orange, co. in Va., central part. Area about 3U0 sq. mis. Pop., 10,39G; in 18tiO, 10,851. The Rapidan R. forms the north-western antl northern boundary, and Negro R., a tributary of the North Anna R., the southern. The South West Mt. trends along the valley of the Rapidan. The remainder of the surface is hilly and rolling. Orange, Alexandria & jNIanasaas R. R. passes thi-ough the co. Orange Court House is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 117,576 bush.; rye, 47 bush.; Indian-corn, 185,604 bush.; oats, 83,286 Vjush.; Irish pot's, 6,526 bush.; sweet pot's, 247 bush.; tobacco, 46,460 lbs.; butter, 58,938 lbs.; hay, 1,926 tons. Cash value of farms, $799,148. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $195,- 220. Value of manufactures, $271,737. Orange, tn. in Juneau co.. Wis. Pop., 235. Orange, p. v. in the above tn., on the La Crosse Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 4 mis. N. W. of New Lisbon. Orange Conrt House, p. v. and the co. seat of Orange co^ Va., on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 80 mis. S. W. of Alexandria and 91 mis. N. E. of Lynchburgh. Pop., 731. One newspaper. Orangebnrgh, p. V. in Mason co., Ky., 7 mis. from Maysville. Orangebnrgh, district in S. C, S. W. central part. Area about 900 sq. mis. Pop., 16,865 ; in 1S60, 24,896. It is bounded on the S. W. by the South Fork of the Edlsto R. and on the N. E.- by the Congaree and Santee Rs. The North Pork of the Edisto intersects it from W. to E. The surface is uneven ; the soil moder- ately productive. The Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta R. R. intersects the co. Orange- burgh Court House is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 8,286 bush.; rye, 86 bush.; Indian-corn, 26,373 bush.; oats, 698 bush.; Irish pot's, 127 bush.; sweet pot's. 31,846 bush.; cotton, 6,449 bales ; butter, 4,822 lbs.; rice. 952,- 378 lbs. Cash value of farms, $965,031. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $840,474. Value of manufactures, $75,354. Orangeburgh, p. v. and tbe eo. seat of Oi-ange- burgh district, S. C, near North Edisto R. and on South Carolina 11. R., 51 mis. by rail S. of Columbia. Quite a trade center. Pop., 246. One newspaper. Orange City, p. V. in Sioux co., Iowa, 3 rals. N. W. of Oi'ange Station on the Sioux City & St. Paul R. R. One newspaper. Orange Factory, p. v. in Orange co., N. C. Orange Hill, p. o. in Washington co., Fla. Orange Mills, p. v. in St. John's co., Pla., on St. John's H. Orangeport, p. v. in Niagara co., N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 5mls. E. of Lock- port and 51 nils. W. of Roclie-ster. Orange Springs, p. o. in Marion co.. Fla. Orange Station, or East Orange, v. in Sioux CO., Iowa, on the Sioux City & St. Paul R. R., 42 mis. N. E. of Sioux City. Orange Station, p. v. in Delaware co., Ohio, on the Columlnis Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., lD3;i mis. S. of Dclawai-e. Orangetown, tn. in Rockland co., N. Y. Pop., o.sio. Orange Valley, p. o. in Essex co., N. J. *Orangcville, p. v. in Stephenson CO., 111., 12 mis. from Freeport. Pop., 255. Orangcville, tn. in Orange co., Ind. Pop., 904. Orangeville, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Orleans. Orangeville, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Orangeville, tu. in Branch co., Mich. Pop., 1,145. Orangeville, p. o. in Branch eo., Mich. Orangeville, tn. in Wyoming co., N. Y. Pop., 1,217. Orangeville, p. v. in the above tn., 6 tnls. from Warsaw. *Orangeville, p. v. in Trumbull co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 4 mis. from Clarksville. Pop., 260. Orangeville, p. v. in Columbia co., Pa., 6 mis. from IJloorasburgh. Orangeville, p. o. in Fannin co., Tex. Orangeville Slills, p. v. in Barry co., Mich., 17 mis. from Hastings. Ora Oak, p. o. in Grant CO., Wis. Orbisonia, p. v. in Huntingdon CO., Pa., 11 mis. from Alount Union. Pop., 177. Orchard, p. o. in Mitchell co., Iowa. Orchard Grove, p. v. in Lake co., Ind., 7 mis. from Hebron. Orchard I^ake, p. o. in Oakland co., Mich. Orchard Mine, p. v. in Peoria co.. 111., on the Illinois R. and the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., lOK mis. S. W. of Peoria. Orchard View, p. o. in Fayette co., W. Va. Orcutt Creek, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Orcuttville, v. in Tolland co.. Conn., on the New London Northern R. R., 2 mis. from Stafford Springs. Ordino, p. o. in Marquette co.. Wis. Oreana, p. v. in Humboldt co., Nev., on the Central Pacific R. R., 108 mis. W. of Reno. Ore Banks, p. o. in Buckingham co., Va. Orefield, p. v. in Lehigh co., Pa., 7.mls. W. of AUentOwn. OREGON, one of the western states ; borders on the Pacific Ocean, and is bounded on the N. by Wash. Ter., from which it is partly separat- ed by the Columbia R.; on the E. by Idaho Ter. and on the S. by Cal. and Nev. It extends from 42° to 46° 18' N. lat. and from 116° 40' to 124° 25' W. long. The area is 95,274 sq. mis., or 60,975,360 acres. Surface.— ThQ prominent surface feature of the state is the lofty chain of the Cascade Mts., which intersects it "from N. to S. parallel to and about 110 mis. from the sea-coast. It is the northern continuation of the Sierra Nevada of Cal., and, although less elevated than that fa- mous range, it has the same geographical im- portance, being the barrier between regions widely differing in climate, vegetation and other natural characteristics. The portion of Oreg. which lies E. of the Cas- cade Mts. is an arid table-land, gentlj^ sloping down from the S. to the N., and having a mean elevation of about 2,000 feet above the sea. It is diversified by mountains and hills, as the Blue Mts., Warner's Range, which enters the state from Cal., and others. The valleys of this region, though but of limited extent, are very fertile, and with the aid of irrigation produce excellent crops. In the N. E. part of the state there is the Grande Ronde Valley, a circular basin of some 30 mis. in diameter ; S. of it is the Powder Valley, and in the S. E. part wo find the Malheur and Owyhee Valleys, while the John Day and Des Chutes vallej-s ex- tend along the eastern base of the Cascade JNIts. The portion of Oreg. which lies AV. of the Cas- cade Mts., embracing about one-third of its area, is in every respect the most favoi'cd and attractive. Here, as in California, rise the coast ranges to an elevation of 3,000 to 4,000 feet, and inclose those beautiful and exceedingly fertile valleys, which contain the most densely inhab- ited and best cultivated parts of the state. The valley of the AVilliamette R. extends from the Columbia R. in a suuthuily direction to the 44th parallel, and contains about 5,000,000 acres of land. The Umpqua Valley comprises the whole of Douglas CO., has an estimated area of l,0uo,000 acres, and a very rich soil. The liogue River Valley, S. of the Umpqua, is hilly, and in many places mountainous ; but possesses many high- ly productive small valleys, and has an esti- OEEGON. 677 OEEGON. mated area of 800,000 acres. The Willamette Valley lies parallel to the coast line, while the two other valleys extend eastwardly from the ocean. The coast of Oreg. has several good harbors, the most important of which is that at the mouth of the Columbia K. The others are Yaquina, Umpgua, Port Orford, Coquill and Tillamook. Rivers and Lakes. — The largest stream of Oreg. is the Columbia, which washes the northern boundary from the 119th to the 124th meridian, a distance of about 230 mis. It is navigable, except at the Cascades, IGO mis. above its mouth, ■where it breaks through the Cascade Mts. and where a portage by rail, 6 mis. long, has been constructed, and at Dallas City, 50 mis. higher up, where a similar portage 11 mis. long has been constructed. The principal tributaries of the Columbia are Snake li., which traverses Idaho Ter. and then forms part of the eastern boundary of Oreg., receiving from this state the Owyhee R., Malheur R., Grande Ronde R., Umatilla R. John Day's R., and the 'Willamette R., which rises in the Cascade Mts., drains the beautiful valley which bears its name, is navi- gable as far as Eugene City, and joins the Co- lumbia below Vancouver, Wash. Ter. TheUmp- qua and Rogue Rs. rise in the Coast Mts., and after a westward course empty into the Pacific, the former at Umpqua City, the latter at EUensburgh. In the southern part of Oreg., and E. of the Cascade Mts., are the Klamath Lakes, whose outlet is Klamath R., Albert Lake, Silver Lake, Lake Harnej' and the northern half of Goose Lake. Climate and Vegetation. — The climate of west- ern Oreg. resembles that of Cal., being remark- able for mildness and equability. The mean annual temperature of this belt of country, from the Columbia to the Cal. state line, varies from 44° near the Cascade Range to 50° at the sea-coast. The mean temperature of spring and fall is 54°, of summer, 70°, and of winter, 40°. The rain-fall is not exceeded in any portion of the United States, and amounts to 00 inches and more near the coast, whence to the mountains it gradually decreases to 44 inches. The vege- tation here is rich and varied. Dense forests of immense growth cover the valleys and hill- slopes, consisting mostly of coniferous trees, as the red-wood (abies Douglassi), yellow pine (abies grandis), various firs (piceanobilisandp. grandis), sugar pine (pinus Lambertiana), Ore- gon cedar(thuyagigantea), white cedar (cupres- sus fragrans), and others of great height and thickness. Nor is there any lack of deciduous trees peculiar to the Pacific coast, as the oak, elm, ash, beach, lime, chestnut and walnut, and interspersed among them are numberless vari- eties of shrubs, with the most beautiful flowers and foliage. Along the banks of the streams are narrow belts of prairies, with nutritious grasses and herbs. Widely dilferent is that portion of the state •which lies E. of the Cascade Mts. Here the cli- mate is marked by great extremes, sudden changes, and that aridity which characterizes the whole interior plateau of the continent. The wild sage, or artemisia, covers the plains, and the bottom-lands of the water-courses pro- duce bunch grass, willows and aspens. The growth of timber is restricted to the slopes and valleys of the higher mountain chains. Wild animals are still numerous. Bears, wolves, lynxes, panthers, foxes, deer, Rocky mountain sheep, antelopes, raccoons, coyotes, etc.. inhabit the more thinly settled portions of the state ; beavers, martins and otters jdeld valuable furs ; and the rivers and lakes abound in salmon and other fish. J'opulaiion.—T^he. first American settlements in Oreg. were made in 1839. In 1850 the popula- tion was 13,294 ; in 1860, 52,465, and in 1870, 90,923, including iii6,929 whites, 346 colored persons, 3,330 Chinese and 318 taxed Indians. The num- ber of Indians sustaining ti'ibal relations was estimated at 10,960, of whom 6,110 were settled on reservations and at the agencies, and 4,200 were embraced in the wandering tribes. According to nativity the inhabitants were divided as follows : Born in the United States, 79,323, inclusive of 37,155 natives of the state ; born in foreign countries, 11,600, inclusive of 1,168 natives of British America, 1,875 of Ger- many, 1,347 of England, 1,967 of Ireland, 394 of Scotland and 205 of Sweden. In all classes of occupations were engaged 30,651 persons, viz.: 13,248 in agriculture, 6,090 in professional and personal services, 2,619 in trade and transportation, and 8,694 in manufactures, mechanical and mining industries. Minerals and Mining.— Tho precious minerals are principally found in the southern and east- ern sections of the state. Especially rich is the valley of Jackson's Cr., a tributary of Rogue R., where there are not only rich gold "placers," but also veins of gold and silver-bearing quartz. Coal of excellent quality is found along the sea- coast, chiefly, however, around Coose B., in the south-western part of the state. Extensive and almost inexhaustible deposits of iron ore occur in the north-western part. The iron mines near Oswego, 6 mis. above Portland, are successfully and profitably worked. The product is equal to the best Scottish iron. Copper ore has been discovered on some of the tributaries of the Rogue R., where one mine has lately been opened. Agriculture. — In 1870 there were 7,587 farms in the state, which included 2,389,252 acres of land, of which amount 1,116,290 acres (or 1.8 per cent, of the state area) were under cultivation, 761,001 were woodland and the remainder unculti- vated. The cash value of farms was $22,352,989 and of farm productions, including additions to stock and improvements, $7,122,790. The principal products were: Spring svheat, 1,794,494 bush.; winter wheat, 546,252 bush.; rye, 3,890 bush.; In- dian-corn, 72,138bush.; oats, 2,029,909 bush.; Irish pot's, 481,710 bush.; tobacco, 3,847 lbs.; wool, 1,080,638 lbs.; butter, 1,418,373 lbs., and hay, 73,357 tons. The live stock had a value of $6,828,675, and included 51,702 horses, 2,581 mules and asses, 48,- 325 milch cows, 2,441 working oxen, 69,431 other cattle, 318,123 sheep and 119,455 swine. Mamtfaclures.—Oveg. had, in 1870, 969 manu- facturing establishments (against 309 in 1S60), which used 88 steam-engines of 2,471 horse-power and 2'6ii water-wheels of 5,806 horse-power, and employed 2,884 operatives. The capital invest- ed amounted to $4,376,849, and the wages paid to $1,120,173. The materials consumed had a value of $3,419,756, and the products turned out of $6,877,387. The principal products of industry, with their values, were : Flour and meal, $1,972,444 ; sawed lumber, $1,014,211 ; steam-engines and boilers, $146,400 ; packed pork, $101,750 ; saddlery and harness, $131,919; tin, copper and sheet-ii-oii ware, $158,402, and woollen goods, $492,857. Commerce and Jiailroads.—1]ie direct imports into Oreg. from foreign countries for the year ended June 30, 1872, had a value of $618,882, and the exports to foreign countries of $699,026. The commercial fleet owned in the state com- prised 36 sailing vessels of 1,857 tons, 40 steam vessels of $10,209 tons, and 11 unrigged vessels of 945 tons. The total mileage of the railroads in 1872 was 214. The principal line is the Oregon & California R. R., wnich is intended to extend from Port- land to the Cal. state line. It has been complet- ed from Portland to Roseburgh, a distance of about 200 mis. Wealth, Taxation and Debt.— In 1871 the total 1 property of Oreg., real aiid personal, waa OREGON. 678 ORFORDVILLE. assessed at $34,744,459, against $31,798,510 of the preccdlnfj year; but the true value was esti- mated, in 1870, at 851,558,932, an increase of over $23,000,000 since 1860. The interest-bearing debt of the state was, in 1870, .4106.583 ; of the counties, §105,903, and of the cities and towns, $6,000. The aggregate of the entire public indcbtni- theatre between the R. and bluiTs, and has several manufactories and a large local trade. Two newspapers. Oregon, tn. in Clarke co., Ind. Pop., 1,360. Oreg'on, p. o. in the v. of New Market, in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Charlestown. Oregon, tn. in Stark co., Ind. Pop., 524. Oregron, tn. in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 1,318. Oregon, tn. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pop., 877. Oregon, co. in Mo., S. part. Pop., 3,287 ; in I860, 3,009. The surface is broken and rough and much of it is covered with heavy pine torests. The soil of the valleys is rich, while the up- lands are well adapted to fruit growing and stock raising. Lead and copper are found. Eleven Point R. and Spring R. drain the co. Alton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 15,363 bush.; rye, 940 bush.; In- dian-corn, 127,001 bush.; oats, 16,114 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,660 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,477 bush.; tobacco, 8,180 lbs.; butter, 35,376 lbs.; hay, 298 tons. Cash value of farms, $366,260. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- eluding additions to stock, etc., $188,636. Value of manufactures, $.50,193. *Oregon, p. v. and the co. seat of Holt co., Mo., near the Missouri River & Kansas City R. R. and St. Joseph & Council BluiTs R. R., 25 mis. N. N. W. of St. Joseph. Has manufactoriea and !i local trade. Pop., 824. One newspaper Oregon, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Mayville. Oregon, p. o. in the v. of Freeport, in Warren' CO., Ohio, on the Little Miami R. and the Lit- tle Miami R. R., 5% mis. S. of WaynesviUe. Oregon, tn. in Lucas co., Ohio. Pop., 1,863. Oregon, p. v. in Lancaster CO., Pa., 8 mis. from Lancaster. Oregon, tn. in Wayne CO., Pa. Pop., 690. Oregon, p. o. in Lincoln co., Tenn. Oregon, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 1,498. *Oregon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Madi- son Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 10 mis. S. of Madison. *Oregon City, p. v. and the co. seat of Clack- amas CO., Oreg., on the Willamette li. and Oregon & California R. R., 10 mis. S. of Port- land. The river falls 40 feet at this point, af- fording immense water-power. Has several manufactori(!S and much trade, all goods for the Upper AVillamet te having to be tranship- ped here. Pop., 1,382. One newspaper. Oregon Hill, p. o. In Lycoming co.. Pa. Oregon Uoiise, p. v. in Yuba co., Cal., 14 mis. from Oroville. Oregonia, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. Ore Hill, p. o. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Ore Hill, p. o. in Chatham co., N. C. Orell, p. o. in Jederson co., Kj''. Orford, p. v. in Tama CO., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwestern E. R. Orford, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 1,119. *Orford, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mle. from Fairlee, Vt. Orfordvillc, p. v. intheabovo tn., 4 mis. from Fairlee, Vt. OEFOEDVILLE. 679 ORMSBY. Orfordville, p. v. in Rock co., Wis., on the Wisconsin Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 12 mis. W. of Janesville. Pop. about 500. Organ Slonntains, a chain in S. N. Mex. Ter. and N. W. Tex., belonging to the Rocky Mt. System. They extend along the eastern shore of the Rio Grande and trend due N. Organ Spring, p. o. in Washington CO., Ind. Orient, p. o. in Adair co., Iowa. Orient, tn. in Arostook co., Me. Pop., 219. Orient, p o. in the above tn. Orient, tn. in Osceola CO., Mich. Pop., 54. Orient, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., 5 mis. from Greenport. Oriental, p. o. in Juniata co., Pa. Oritiula, p. o. in Winnebago co., Wis. Oriole, p. o. in Smith co., Kans. Oriole, p. o. in Lvcoming co., Pa. Orion, p. o. in Pike co., Ala. Orion, tn. in Fulton CO., 111. Pop., 1,082. ♦Orion, p. v. in Henry co., 111., on the Rock- ford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R. and the Peoria & Rock Island R. R., 18 mis. from Rock Island. Orion, p. o. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Orion, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop., 1,151. Orion, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Pon- tlac. Pop., 304. Orion, tn. in Olmstead co., Minn. Pop., 637. Orion, p. o. in Stanton co., Nebr. Orion, tn. in Richland CO., Wis. Pop., 697. Orion, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Mus- coda. Oriskany, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Mohawk R. and the New York Central R. R. and Erie Canal, 6% mis. N. W. of Utica. Pop., 581. •Oriskany Falls, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R. and the Chenango Canal, 18 mis. S. W. of Clinton. Pop., 628. Orizaba, p. v. in Union co.. Miss., 7 mis. from Ripley. Orkney Springs, p. v. in Shenandoah co., Va. Pop., 316. Orland, tn. in Cook co.. 111. Pop., 1,130. Orland, p. o. in the above tn. *Orlan. o. in Chesterfleld district, S. C Oro €Ity, p. o. in Placer co., Cal. Oro City, p. v. in Lake co., Colo. Ter., 18 mis. fioni Granite. Oro2 bush.; sweet pot's, 50 bush.; butter, 60,180 lbs.; hay, 14,248 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,765,270. OTOE AGENCY. 683 OTTER CREEK. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $701,- 778. Value of manufactures, ^83,280. Otoe Agency, p. o. in Gage CO., Nebr. Otranto, tn. in Mitchell co., Iowa. Pop., 596. Otranto, p. v. in tbe above tn., 3 mis. from station on the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 21 mis. N. N. E. of Plymouth. Otsdawa, p. o. in Otsego CO., N. Y. Otseg:o, tn. in Steuben co., Ind. Pop., 1,318. Otsego, p. V. in Fayette co., Iowa, 14 mis. from Independence. Otsego, tn. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., 2,396. ♦Otsego, p. V. in the above tn., on the Kalama- zoo Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 3 mis. W. of Plainwell. Pop., 994. Otsego, tn. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., 595. Otsego, p. o. in the above tn. Otsego, CO. in N. Y., B. central part. Area about 950 sq. mis. Pop., 48,967 ; in 1860, .50,157. It is bounded on the W. by the Unadilla R., and on the S. partly by the East Branch of the Susquehanna R., which rises in the eastern part of the co. Schuyler and Otsego Lakes are situated in the northern part. The sur- face is rolling and the soil generally fertile. The Albany & Susquehanna R. R. intersects the southern part of theco., and Cooperstown & Susquehanna R. R. the central part. Cooperstown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 40,292 bush.; rye, 24,274 bush.; Indian-corn, 250,910 bush.; oats, 990,727 bush.; Irish pot's, 626,836 bush.; cheese, 829,439 lbs.; wool, 199,937 lbs.; butter 3,566,286 lbs.; hay, 188,- 274 tons. Cash value of farms, $33,512,709. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $6,- 870,260. Value of manufactures, $3,589,449. Otsego, tn. in the above co. Pop., 4,690. Otsego, p. V. in Muskingum co., Ohio, 10 mis. fron\ Cfoncord. Pop., 111. ' Otsego, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 1,715. Otsego, p. o. in the above tn., 2 mis. S. of Dolle. Otsego liake, in the northern part of Otsego CO., N. Y., about 10 m.ls. long and 2 mis. wide ; is drained by the East Branch of the Susque- hanna R. Otsego L.ake, p. o. in Otsego co., N. Y. Otsellc, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 1,733. Otselic, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Smyrna. Otselic Centre, p. o. in Chenango co., N. Y. Ott, p. o. in Coos CO., Oreg. Otta ^neeche River, a tributary of the Con- necticut R., in Windsor co., Vt. Ottawa, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 8,199. ♦Ottawa, city and co. seat of La Salle co.. 111., on the Illinois R. and Canal, and on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., and the Fox River Line of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 84 mis. W. S. W. of Chicago. The river affords fine water-power, which is employed extensively in manufacturing. A shipping point for grain and other agricultu- ral products. Center of a large coal-bearing region. Pop., 7,736. Three newspapers. Ottawa, p. o. in the v. of Woodburn, in Clarke CO., Iowa. Ottawa, CO, in Kans., central part. Area, 460 sq. mis. Pop., 2,127. The surface is undulat- ing, and consists mostly of prairies. The Solomon R. flows through the co. from N. W. to S. E., and drains it with numerous small tributaries. Saline R. intersects the S. W. cor- ner. Minneapolis is theco. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 31,246 bush.; rye, 1,374 bush.; Indian-corn, 100,680 bush.; oats, 5,100 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,475 bush.; sweet pot's, 102 bush.; butter, 33,169 lbs.; hay, 5,851 tons. Cash value of farms, $.559,240. Total, estimated value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $188,048. Value of manu. factures, $31,340. Ottawa, tn. in Ottawa co., Kans. Pop., 359. Ottawa, tn. in Franklin co., Kans. Pop., 877. ♦Ottawa, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Osage R. and on the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., at junction of the Kansas City Branch, 25 mis. S. of Law- rence. Has large manufacturing interests and active trade. Pop.j2,941. Two newspapers. Ottawft, CO. in Mich., W. part. Area, 470 sq. mis. Pop., 26,651 ; in 1860, 13,215. The surface is level and in some parts swampy ; the soil fertile. Grand R. intersects the K. part from E. to W., emptying into Lake Michigan, which forms the W. boundarv of the co. Black R. and Lake are in the S. W. part. Grand Haven is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 218,010 bush.; rye, 6,838 bush.; Indian- corn, 215,043 bush.; oats, 164,643 bush.; Irish pot's, 253,826 bush.: wool, 51,453 lbs.; butter, 618,130 lbs.; hay, 23,148 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,568,445. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,975,133. Value of manufactures, $1,598,026. Ottawa, tn. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Pop., 613. Ottawa, p. V. in the above tn., on the St. Paul & Sioux City R. R., 69 mis. S. W. of St. Paul. Pop. about 500. Ottawa, CO. in Ohio, N. part. Area, 250 sq. mis. Pop., 13,364 ; in 1860, 7,016. The surface is rolling ; the soil is productive. It is inter- sected by the Portage and Toussaint Rs. Its eastern part forms a peninsula between Lake Erie and Sandusky B. The Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. intersects its S. W. corner. Port Clinton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 85,860 bush.; rye, 658 bush.; Indian-corn. 115,850 bush.; oats, 58,- 511 bush.; Irish pot's, 43,368 bush.; sweet pot's, 23 bush.; butter, 203,812 lbs.; hay, 12,200 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,857,146. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productious, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $791,807. Value of manufactures, $574,402. Ottawa, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop., 4,662. Ottawa, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Pop., 2,837. Ottawa, p. V. in the above tn. and theco. seat, on a tributary of the Auglaize R., on the Day- ton & Michigan R. R., 51 mis. S. of Toledo. Has active trade in lumber and agricultural products. Pop., 1,129. One newspaper. Ottawa, tn. in Waukesha co., Wis. Pop., 922. Ottavra, p. o. in the above tn. Ottawa Lileosho R., and 4 mis. E. of Strawn on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R. Pop., 263. Otway, p. o. in Scioto co., Ohio. Otwell, p. v. in Pike CO., Ind., 15 mis. from Washington. Oiiaohlta, co. in Ark., S. part. Area about l,0.'i(» s(i. mis. Pop., 12,975; in 1860, 12,936. The surface is rolling. The Little Missouri R. forms the northern boundary; the Washita R. the eastern. The soil is productive. Cam- den is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,311 bush.; Indian-corn, 279,589 bush.; oats, 2,258 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,902 busli.; sweet jiot's, 20,680 bush.; cotton, C.467 bales. Cash value of farms, $837,802. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,239,252. Value of manu- factures, $352,969. Otiaehita, tn. in Bradley co.. Ark. Pop., 718. Ouachita, tn. in Polk co.. Ark. Pop., 237. Ouacbita, or Washita, parish in La., N. part. Pop., 11,582; in 1860, 4,727. It is intersected from N. to S. by the Washita R., and is drained by Boeuf and Bartholomew Bayous. The surface is diversified by wooded hills. The soil is particularly fertile along the river, and sustains extensive forests of valuable timber. Both of the above named streams are navigable by steamers. The Vicksburgh, Shreveport & Texas R. R. passes through this parish. Monroe is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 211,505 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,224 bush.; sweet pot's, 17,124bush.; cotton, 14,239 bales ; butter, 3,481 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,. 588,070. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,356,348. Value of maa- ufacturcs, $103,450. Ouachita City, p. o. in Union parish. La. Onaqnaj^a, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., 8 mls.S. of Nineveh. Ouleout, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. Our Town, p. o. in Sheboygan co.. Wis. Ousley, p. o. in Lowndes co., Ga. Ousley's Gap, p. o. in Cabell co., W. Va. Outlaw's Bridge, p. o. in Duplin co., N. C. Outag-amie, co. in Wis., N.-E. part. Area, 680 sq. mis. Pop., 18,430 ; in 1860, 8,537. The surface presents no great inequalities and the soil is fertile. The W. part is intersected by Wolf and Neenah Rs., which furnish excellent ■water-power. Appleton is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 351,620 bush.: I'ye, 2,992 bush.; Indian-corn, .55.862 bush.; oatsj 199,167 bush.; Irish pot's, 66,051 bush.; buttei\ 282,312 lbs.; hay, 18,647 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,426,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc ., $904,021. Value of manufactures, $1,108,292. Outville, p. o. in the v. of Kirkersville, in Lickiu": CO., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincin- nati & St. Louis R. R., llj^ mis. W. of Newark. Overbrook, p. o. m the v. of City Avenue, ia Montgomery CO., Pa., on the Pennsylvania Central R. R. Overlsel, tn. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., 1,060. Overisel, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from Hamilton. Overtield, tn. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Pop., 433. OverJaelcl, p. o. in Barbour co., W. Va. Overpeek's Station, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., 4 mis. S. W. of Trenton. Overton, co. in Tenn., N. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 11,297 ; in 1860 12,637. The surface is mountainous; the soil fertile. The Cum- berland R. intersects the W. part, alTording abundant water-power. Livingston is the co. seat. Agi-. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 43,419 bush.; rye, 1,8!)7 bush.; Indian-corn, 394,026 bush.; oats, 69,957 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,,522 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,514 bush.; butter, 121.582 lbs.; tobacco, 187,331 lbs.; hav, 289 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,357,263. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $623,539. Value of manu- factures, $25,352. Overton, p. v. in Cooper co.. Mo., on the Mis- souri R., 10 mis. E. of Boonville. Overton, p. o. in Dawson co., Nebr. Overton, tn. in Bradford co.. Pa. Pop., 550. Overton, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Barclay. Overton, p. o. in Rusk CO., Tex. Overton, p. o. in Albemarle CO., Va. Ovid, 11. o. in Madison co.. Ind. Ovid, tn. in Branch CO., Mich. Pop., 1,230. Ovid, tn. in Clmton co., Mich. Pop., 2,420. OVID. G85 OWSLEY. ►OTid, p. V. in Clinton co., Mich., on Detroit & ]\[ihv:iukee 11. R., 8S mis. N. W. of Detroit. A beautifully situated town, with trade in agri- cultural products and lumber. One news- paper. Ovid, tn. in Seneca co., N. T. Pop., 2,403. Ovid, p. V. in the above tn. and the semi co. seat, between Seneca and Cayuga Lakes, 20 mis. S. of Waterloo. Pop., 724. One newspa- per. Ovid, p. o. in Franklin co., Ohio. Ovid, p. o. in Rich co., Utah Ter. Ovid Centre, p. o. in Seneca co., N. T. Ovilla, p. o. in Ellis co., Tex. Owaueco, p. o. in Christian co., 111. Owasco, p. V. in Sullivan co., Mo., 11 mis. S. E. of Milan. Owasco, tn. in Cayuga CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,261. Owaseo, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. E. of Auburn. Owasco liake, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. T., on Owasco Lake and the Southern Central R. R., 7 mis. S. of Auburn. Owasco liake, in the central part of Cayuga CO., N. Y., 12 mis. long and 1 nile. wide ; has an outlet into Seneca R., and is a beautiful sheet of water with picturesque shores. Owasso, tn. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop., 3,- 123. *Owasso, city in Shiawassee co., Mich., on Shiawasse R., at the intersection of the De- troit & Milwaukee R. R., and the Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. R., 79 mis. X. ^V. of De- troit. Has trade in wool and agricultural pi-o- ducts, and manufactories of woollen goods, sash, doors, carriages, etc., with iron works. Pop., 2,0G5. Two newspapers. Owatonna, tn in Steele co:, Minn. Pop., 2,572. Owatoniia, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Straight R., at intersection of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. with the Winona & St. Peter R. R., 90 mis. W. of Winona and 40 mis. E. of Mankato. Extensive shipping and manufacturing point. Pop., 2,070. One news- paper. Owego, p. o. in Sheyenne co.. Dak. Ter. Owego, tn. in Livingston co.. 111. Pop., 800. Owego, tn. in Tioga co., N. Y. Pop., 9,442. *Owego, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, at the junction of Owego Cr. with the Sus- quehanna R.; the intersection of the Erie R. R. with the Southern Central R. R. and the southern terminus of the Ithaca Branch of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 22 mis. by rail W. of Binghamton. Seat of manufae tori es and an extensive lumber trade. Pop., 4,750. Three newspapers. Owego, p. o. in Shawano co.. Wis. Owen, tn. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Pop., 505. Owen, tn. in Saline co., Ark. Pop., 283. Owen, tn. in Winnebago co., 111. Pop., 929. Owen, CO. in Ind., W. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 16,216; in ISSO, 14,376. The surface is un- dulating and mostly well timbered. The river bottoms are very productive. The White R. flows throiigh the co. from N. E. to S. W. The Eel R. intersects the northern jmrt. The Indianapolis & Martinsville R. R. and the Louisville, North Albany & Chicago R. R. pass through the co. Spencer is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat,202,- 512 bush.; rye, 14,803 bush.; Indian-corn, 602,098 bush.; oats, 100,216 bush.; Irish pot's, 48,064 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,148 bush.; butter, 168,606 lbs.; hay, 9,253 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,840,995. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,024,706. Value of manufactures, $490,902. Owen, tn. in Warrick co., Ind. Pop., 1,440. Owen, tn. in Clarke co., Ind. Pop., 679. Owen, tn. in Clinton co., Ind. Pop., 1,118. Owen, tn. in Jackson co., Ind. Pop., 1,589. Owen, tn. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa. Pop., 211. OtTen, CO. in Ky., N. part. Area, 360 sq. mis. Pop., 14,309 ; in 1860, 12,719. The surface Is roll- ing and the soil fertile. Blue limestone is abundant. The co. is bounded W. by the Kentucky R. and N. by Eagle Cr., which also intersects the E. part. Owenton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, .57,248 bush.; rye, 21,439 bush.; Indian-corn, 695,608 bush.; oats, 63,085 bush.; Irish pot's, 28,584 bush.; sweet pot's, 731 bush.; butter, 187,200 lbs.; tobacco, 2,890,670 lbs.; hay, 3,857 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,034,405. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,259,639. Value of manufactures, $217,919. *Owensborousl», p. v. and the co. seat of Daviess co., Ky., an the Ohio R. and Owens- borough & Russellville R. R., 40 mis. S. E. of Evansville, Ind. Engaged in river commerce. Principal shipping point for the co. Pop., 3,437. One newspaper. Owensborough Junction, p. o. in Muhlen- burgh CO., Ky. Owensbnrgta, p. v. in Greene co., Ind., 15 mis. from Bedford. Owens, tn. in Dallas co.. Ark. Pop., 690. Owens Cross Roads, p. o. in Madison co., Ala. Owens Ferry, p. o. in Camden co., Ga. Owen's Liake, in Cal.; lies near the E. base of the Sierra Kevada. It receives Owen's R. from the N"., and has no outlet. Owens Mills, p. o. in Chemung co., N. Y. Owens River, in Cal.; rises in IMono co. and flows S. E. through Inyo co. The valley ex- tends along the eastern base of the Sierra Nevada, and is for the greater part a barren sage desert. Along the river banks lie nar- row belts of arable land, which produce ex- cellent crops, when irrigated. Owens R. emp- ties into Owen's Lake, the water of which is strongly impregnated with salt and carbonate of soda. It has no outlet to the sea. The area of this lake is about 150 sq. mis. Owensville, p. v. in Saline co., Ark., 12 mis. N. W. of Benton. Owensville, p. v. in Gibson co., Ind., 10 mis. S. W. of Princeton and 9 E. of Wabash R. Pop., 522. One newspaper. Owensville, p. o. in Gasconade co.. Mo. Owensville, p. v. in Clermont co., Ohio, 10 . mis. from Milford. Pop., 377. Owensville, v. in Robertson co., Tex., 6 mis. from Calvert. Owenton, p. v. and the co. seat of Owen co., Ky., a few mis. E. of Kentucky R. and 50 mis. E. by N. of Louisville. Pop., 297. One news- paper. Owing's Mills, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., on the Western Maryland R. It., I614 nils. N. W. of Baltimore. Owingsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Bath CO., Ky., on a branch of Licking R., 19 mis. S. S. E. of Carlisle. Pop., 550. One newspaper. Owl Creek, tn. in Woodson co., Kan^. Pop., 1,096. Owl Creek, p. o. in Knox co.. Mo. Owl Prairie, p. o. in Daviess co., Ind. Owl Rnn, p. o. in the v. of Warrenton Junc- tion, in Fauquier co., Va., on the Warrenton Branch of the Orange, Alexandria & Manas- sas R. R. Owsley, CO. in Ky., E. central part. Area, 460 sq. mis. Pop., 3,889; in 1860,5,335. The surface is undulating and hilly and tlie soil of the valleys productive. The South Fork of the Kentnckv R. intersects the co. from S. to N. Booneville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8,398 Inish.; rye, l,.57l bush.; Indian-corn, 103,055 bush.; oats, 20.072 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,265 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,094 bush.; butter, 43,073 lbs.; hay, 241 tons. Cash value of farms, .$417,133. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $127,062. Value of manufactures, $13,720. OWYHEE. OZARK. Owyhee, co. in Idaho Tcr., S. VV. part. Pop., 1,713. It is bounded on the N. by the Snake K., and includes the Owyhee Range, in which are pome of the richest deposits of silver. The valleys of the Bruneau and otlier streams con- tain excellent farmlands, and are well adapt- ed to grain growing or stock raising. SUver City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, G90 bush.; oats, 1,600 hush.; Irish pot's, 2,200 bush.; butter, 10,V)(H) lbs.; hay, 145 tons. Cash value of farms, $-27,5(>0. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $17,350. Value of manu- factures, Sl64,llfj. Owyl»ee River, a tributary of the Snake R.; rises in N. Nev. and flows through S. W. Idaho Ter. and S. E. Oreg. Ox Bow, p. o. in Putnam co., 111. Oxbow, p. V. in Jefferson co., N. Y.,8ml9. from Antwerp. Oxere Hill, p. o. in Prince George's co., Md. Oxford, p. V. in Calhoun co., Ala., on the Sel- ma, Rome & Dalton K. R., 10 mis. from Jack- sonville. Oxfocrd, tn. in New Haven co., Conn. Pop., 1,33J. Oxford, p. V. in the above th.,4 mis. from Seymour. Oxford, p. V. in Newton co., Ga., 2 mis. from Covington. Pop., 605. Oxford, p. o. in Oneida co., Idaho Ter. Oxford, tn. in Henry co.. 111. Pop., 1,327. Oxford, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Windsor. ♦Oxford, p. V. and the co. seat of Benton co., Ind., on the La Fayette & Bloomington Branch of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 70 mis. N. VV. of Indianapolis. In active trade with rich agricultural surroundings. Pop., 519. One newspaper. Oxford, tn. in Jones co., Iowa. Pop., 1,121. Oxford, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,043. Oxford, p. o. in Sumner co., Kaiis. Oxford, tn. in Johnson co^^ Ivans. Pop., 1,926. Oxford, p. o. in Scott CO., Ky. Oxford, CO., in Me., W. part. Area about 1,650 sq. mis. Pop., a'5,4SS; in 1860,36,(598: in 1850, 39,763. It borders in the W. on N. H. and in the N. on Canada. The belt of elevations •which forms a continuation of the White Mts. extends through the middle of the co. from W. to E. Between it and the Height of Land in the N. lies the valley, which is occupied by Lake Moosetoclcmaguntic. The Androscoggin R. enters the co. from N. H., and intersects it from W. to E. following the southern base of the highland belt. Numerous lakes are in the CO. Paris is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 32,083 bush.; rye, 9,005 bush.; Indian-corn, 181,319 bush.; oats, 201,746 bush.; Irish pot's, 701,615 bush.; butter, 923,641 bush.; hay, 90,679 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,570,- 084. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,609,766. Principal products of industry : woollen goods, ij!564,140 ; flour and meal, $270,- 201 ; and leatlier, curried and tanned, $445,433. Total value of manufactures, $2,213,719. Oxford, tn. in Oxford CO., Me. Pop., 1,631. Oxford, p. o. in the above tn. Oxford, p. V. in Talbot co., Md., 27 mis. from Federalsburgh. Pop., 227. Oxford, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 2,669. Oxford, p. V. in the above tn., on the Norwich & AYorcester Division of the Boston, Hartford 6 Erie R. R. Oxford, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop., 1,367. Oxford, p. V. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Pontlac. Oxford, p. V. and co. seat of Isanti co., Minn., 7 mis. Irom AVyoraing. •Oxford, p. V. and the co. seat of La Favette CO., Miss., on the JMississippi Central R. R., 54 mis. S. of Grand Junction. Pop., 1,422. One newspaper. Oxford, p. V. In Worth co , Mo., 25 mis. from Maryville. Oxford, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 1,119. Oxford, tn. in Warren co., N. J. Pop., 2,952. Oxford, p. V. in the above tn., on the Dela- ware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., i]^ mis. N. of Washington. Oxford, tu. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 3,278. Oxford, p. V. in the above tn,, on the Chenan- fo R. and Canal and New York & Oswego lidland R. R , 33 mis. N. N. E. of Binghamton. Has manufactures and trade in agricultural products. Pop., 1,278. One newspaper. ♦Oxford, p. V. and the co. seat of Granville CO., N. C, 12 mis. from Henderson. Pop., 916. Oxford, tn. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop., 1,667. Oxford, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 1,258. Oxford, tn. in Erie co., Ohio. Pop., 1,238. Oxford, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 1,709. Oxford, V. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., 116. Oxford, tn. in Butler co., Ohio. Pop., 3,959. ♦Oxford, p. V. in the above tn„ on the Cincin- nati & Indianapolis Junction R. R., 32 mis. N. of Cincinnati. A thriving place, and seat of Miami University, Oxford Female College and Western Female Seminary. Pop., 1,738. Two newspapers. Oxford, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,140. Oxford, tn. in Adams co., Pa. Pop., 1,322. Oxford, V. in the above tn. ♦Oxford, p. borough in Chester co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Baltimore Central R. R., 52 mis. W. S. W. of Philadelphia. Center of pro- duce trade for rich agricultural surroundings ; considerable manufacturing done. Pop., 1,151. Four newspapers. Oxford, p. o. in Doddridge co., W. Va. Oxford, tn. in Marquette co.. Wis. Pop., 608. Oxford, p. V. in- the above tn., 21 mis. from Portage City. Oxford Depot, p. v. In Orange cp., N. Y., on the Erie R. R., 51 mis. from New York. Oxford Junction, p. o. in Jones co., Iowa. Oxford 91111s, p. V. in Jones co., Iowa, on the Wapsipinicon R. and the Davenport & St. Paul R. R., 14 mis. from Wheatland. Oxford Valley, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., 7 mis. from Bristol. Oyster Bay, tn. in Queens co., N. Y. Pop., 10,595. ♦Oyster Bay, p. v. in the above tn., on Long island Sound, 5 mis. from Syosset. Pop-i 889. Oysterville, p. v. and the co. seat of Pacific CO., Wash. Ter., on ShoalwaterB.,20mls. from Unity. Ozan, tn. in Hempstead co., Ark. Pop., 4,405. Ozan, p. o. in Hempstead co.. Ark. Ozark, co. in Mo., S. part. Pop., 3,363 ; in 1860, 2,447. It borders on Ark., and is drained by the Big North Fork of White R. and other afliu- ents of this stream. The co. belongs to the Ozark Mountain region, and has a broken and hilly surface, with good soil along the water- courses. Gainesville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 9,537 bush.; rye, 523 bush.; Indian-corn, 121,724 bush.; oats, 7,143 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,094 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,092 bush.; tobacco, 18,613 lbs.; butter, 1,021 lbs.; hay, 41 tons. Cash value of farms, $175,- 62;i. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $120,115. Value of manufactures, $7,543. Ozark, tn. in Dale co., Ala. Pop., 1,720. Ozark, p. v. in the above tn., 40 mis. S. E. of Troy. One newspaper. Ozark, p. V. and the co. seat of Franklin co.. Ark., on the Arkansas R., 6 mis. S. S. W. of Ozark Station on the Little Rock & Fort Smith R. R. Pop., 210. Ozark, p. o. in Jackson co., Iowa. Ozark, tn. in Anderson co., Kans. Pop., 617. Ozark, p. o. in the above tn. Ozark, p. v. and the co. seat of Christian co., OZARK. 687 OZONE. Mo., 15 mis. S. E. of Springfield, in a fruit- t/i'owing and farming district. Rich develop- ments of lead within two miles of the town. Pop. about 500. Two newspapers. Ozark, tn. in Lawrence co., Mo. Pop., 1,752. Ozark, tn. in Texas CO., Mo. Pop., 638. Ozark, tn. in Webster co., Mo. Pop., 3,488. Ozark, p. o. in Monroe co., Ohio. Ozark Mills, p. o. in Iron co.. Mo. Ozark aionntatns, in the southern part of Mo. (See Missouri.) Ozark Station, in Franklin co.. Ark., on the Little Rock & Forth Smith R. R. Ozaukee, co. in Wis., S. E. part. Area, 200 sq. mis. Pop., 15j564 ; in 1860, 15,633. It borders on Lake Michigan, has an undulating surface, and is intersected from N. to S. by the Mil- waukee R. The soil is productive and well eultlTated. Ozaukee 13 the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 314,273 bush.; rye, 72,017 bush.; Indian-corn, 28,305 bush.; oats, 258,442 bush.; Irish pot's, 84,349 bush.; sweet pot's, 352 bush.; butter, 395,003 lbs.; hay, 14,726 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,230,670. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $952,902. Value of manufactures, $834,543. 'Ozaukee, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on Lake Michigan, 24 mis. S. of Sheboy- gan, and 10 mis. N. E. of Cedarburgh. Has considerable lake commerce and several man- ufactories. It is known, also, as Port Wash- ington. Pop. about 2jOOO. Two newspapers. Ozawkie, tn. in Jefferson co., Kans. Pop., 1,600. Ozawkie, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. N. of Medina. Ozone, p. o. Johnson co., Ai-k. PACES. 688 PAINESVILLE. P. Paces, p. o. in Metcalfe co., Ky. *Paclieco, p. V. in Contra Costa CO., Cal., on Pacheco Slough, at the head of navigation, 5 mis. E. of Martinez Center of an agricultural district. Pop. about 800. One newspaper. Pacific, tn. iu Humboldt co., Cal. Pop., 818. Pacific, p. V. in Franklin co.. Mo., on the Mera- mec R.., at the junction of the Atlantic & Paci- lic R. K. with the Pacific R. R. of Mo., 37 mis. S. W. of St. Louis. Location of R. R. shops, and quite a business center. Pop., 1,208. One newspaper. Pacific, p. V. in Frantlin co., N. C, on the Raleigh & Gaston R. R., 22 mis. N. E. of Ra- leigh. Pacific, CO. in Wash. Ter., forming the S. W. cxtremitj- of the territory. Pop., 738 ; in 1830, 420. It lies N. of the estuary of. the Columbia R., and is bounded on the W. by the Pacific Ocean. Shoal water B. indents the coast. The surface is mostly mountainous or hillj*. Oysterville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 550 bush.; oats, 1,270 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,095 bush.; butter, 10,.37o lbs.; hay, 386 tons. Casli value of farms, $68,855. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $22,150. Value of manufactures, $71,912. Pacific, tn. in Columbia CO., Wis. Pop. 4,193. Pacific, p. o. in the above tn. Pacific €ity, p. v. in Mills co., Iowa, on the Kansas City, St. .Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., 2'^ nils. N. of Pacific Junction. Pacific Junction, p. v. in Mills co., Iowa, at the intersection of the Kansas City, St. .Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R. with the Burlington & Missouri River R. R., 14 mis. S. of Council Bluffs, and 4 mis. E. of Plattsmouth, Nebr. Pop. about 70. PacUard, p. o. in Vinton co., Ohio. Paclter, p. o. iu Jefferson co.. Pa. Packer, tn. in Carbon co.. Pa. Pop., 441. Pack Saddle, p. o. in Llano co., Tex. Pack's Ferry, p. o. in Monroe co., W. Va. Pack's Mills, p. o. in Sanilac co., Mich. Packsvillc, p. o. in Clarendon district, S. C. Packwaukcc, tn. in Marquette co.. Wis. Pop., 612. Packwaukee, p. v. iu the above tn., on Fox R., 24 mis. N. of Portage City. Packwood, tn. in Tulare co., Cal. Pop., 214. Pecolctt Depot, p. v. in Spartanburgh dis- trict, S. C, f)u tlie Spartanburgh & Union R. R., 18 mis. N. W. of Unionville. Pactolus, p. o. in Pitt co., X. C. Paddock's Orove, p. o. in JIadison co.. 111. Paddy's Mills, p. o. iu Slienandoah co., Va. Paddy's Run, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, 7 mis. from Oxford. Padonia, p. v. in Brown co., Kans., 5 mis. from Hiawatha. Padoria, p. o. in Crawford co., Ind. Padua, tn. iu McLean co.. 111. Pop., 1,249. Padua, V. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Bloom- inglon. ►Paducah, city and the co. seat of McCracken CO., Ky., on the S. bank of the Ohio R., at the mouth of tlie Tennessee R., .50 mis., by way of the Ohio R., E. of Cairo. It is the X. terminus of the Paducali & Memphis R. R. and W. ter- minus of the Elizabethtowu & Paducah R. R. Commauds an extensive commerce by rail- roail anil river. Has fine banks, large business intereslK Rnd manufactories of flour, tobacco, rolled iron, wagons and farming implements. Pop., 6,866 ; in 1860, 4,043. Four newspapers. Pagrc, CO. in Iowa, S. W. part. Area, 5.54 sq. mis. Pop., 9,975 ; in 1860, 4,419. Thesurfaceis generally undulating; the soil very product- ive. It borders on Mo., and is drained by the East Nishnabotany, Tarkeo and Kodaway Rs. Clarinda is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 69,436 bush.; rye, 453 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,001,054 bush.; oats, 123,457 bush.; Irish pot's, 58,866 bush.; sweet pot's, 120 bush.; wool, 22,213 lbs.; butter, 188,699 lbs.; hay, 16,3.52 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,562,- 383. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $912,001. Value of manufactures, $212,284. Pi^e City, p. o. In the above co. Pag'e, CO. in Va., N. central part. Area about 300 sq.mls. Pop., 8,462; in 1860, 8,109. It extends from the crest of the Blue Ridge in the E. to the Massanuttcn Mt. in the W., and includes a portion of the South Fork of the Shen- andoah R., which flows through it from S. S. W. to N. N. E. The surface is undulat- ing and the soil very productive. Iron and copper ore and marble of good quality are abundant. Luray is the co. seat. A^r. productions in 1870: Wheat, 128,552 bush.; rye, 18,1583 bush.; Indian-corn, 93,765 bush.; oats, 24,249 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,283 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,025 bush.; tobacco, 3,435 ll)s.; butter, 43,932 lbs.; hay, 3,315 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,93.5,974. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $401,002. Value of manutac- tui'cs. $443,091. Pag-e City, p. o. in La Fayette co.. Mo. Pagcsville, v. in Newberry district, S. C. Pagetown, p. v. in Morrow co., Ohio, 8 mis. from Ashley. Pageville, "p. o. in Grant co.. Ark. Pag-evillc, p. o. in Barren co., Ky. Pahaquarry, tn. in Warren co., N. J. Pop., 405. Pahaquarry, p. o. in the above tn. Palircah, p. o. in Kane co., Utah Ter. Pah Ute, CO. in Ariz. Ter., N. W. part. Area about 4,360 sq. mis. It borders in the N. on Utah Ter. and in the W. on N(!V., from which it is separated by the Colorado R. This largo stream also intersects the co., .and flows here through those stupendous canons which mark its lower course. The surface of the CO. consists of barren and elevated table- lands. Tlie climate is arid and the soil bar- ren. St. Thomas is the co. seat. Paincourtville, p. o. in Assumption parish, La. Painc's Hollow, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. Y., 7 mis. from Little Falls. Paine'.s Point, p. v. in Ogle co., 111., 7 mis. E. of Oregon. Paine's Prairie, p. o. in Polk co.. Mo. Paincsvillc, tn. in Lake co., Ohio. Pop., 4,995. *Painesville, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Grand R. and on the Lake Shore & IMichigan Soutlieru R. R., at N. terminus of Painesville & Youngstown R. 11., 3 mis. !*; of Lake Erie and 29 mis. N. E. of Cleveland. It has a good liarbor, and the river affords water-power which is employed in manufac- turing. Pop., 3,728. Three newspapers. Painesville, p. v. in Amelia co., Va., 8 mis. from Jetersville. PAINT. 689 PALMYRA. Paint, tn. in Fayette co., Ohio. Pop., 1,742. Paint, tn. in Ro'lmes co., Ohio. Pop., 1,212. Paint, tn. in Ross co., Ohio. Pop., 1,001. Paint, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 1,418. Paint, tn. in Highland co., Ohio. Poii., 2,429. Paint, p. o. in the above tn. Paint, tn. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 955. Paint, tn. in Clarion co., Pa. Pop., 346. Paint, tn. in Somerset co., Pa. Pop., 923. Paint Creek, tn. in AUamakee'co., Iowa. Pop., 1,141. Paint Creels, p. o. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Paint CreeU, p. o. in Kanawha co., Av. Va. Painted Post, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., near the confluence of Tioga and Conhocton Rs., iind on JKrie E. R., at junction with the Rochester division of same, 2 mis. W. of Corn- ing and 20 W. by N. of Elmira. Has general manufactories and considerable trade. One newspaper. Painter, p. o. in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Painter Creeh, p. o. in Darke co., Ohio. Painter's Bridgrc, p. o. in Chester co., Pa. Painter's Mill, p. o. in Preston co., W. Va. Paintersville, p. o. in Greene co., Ohio. Paintersville, p. o. in Mifflin co., Pa. Paint liick, p. v. in Garrard co., Ky., on the Richmond Branch of the Louisville & Nash- ville R. R., 18 mis. from Richmond Junction. Pop. about 350. Paint Rock, p. v. in Jackson co., Ala., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., 38 mis. W. of Stephenson. Paint Rock, p. o. in Roane co., Tenn. Paintsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Johnson CO., Ky., 22 mis. from Louisa. Pop., 247. Paint Valley, p. o. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pajaro, tn. in Monterey co., Cal. Pop., 761. Pajaro, p. o. in Montei^ey co., Cal. Pajaro, tn. in Santa Cruz co., Cal. Pop., 3,114. Pajaro River, in Cal.; rises in the Monte Di- ablo Range, flows W., separating Monterey CO. from Santa Clara and Santa Cruz cos., and empties into the Bay of Monterey. The San Benito is its largest "tributary. Palarm Bayou, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Palati,ne, tn. in Cook CO., 111. Pop., 1,855. Palatine, p. v. in the above tn., on the Wis- consin Division of the Chicago & Northwest- ern R. R., 26 mis. N. W. of Chicago. Palatine, p. v. in Salem co., N. J., on the West Jersey R. R., 3 mis. S. of Elmer. Palatine, tn. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Pop., 2,814. Palatine, p. v. in Marion co., W. "Va., 1^ mle. from Fairmont. Pop., 558. Palatine Bridge, p. v. in Montgomery co., N. Y., on the INIohawk R. and the New York Central R. R., 12 mis. W. of Fonda. Pop., 493. Palenville, p. v. in Greene co., N. Y., 9 mis. from Catskill. Palernso, p. o. in Edgar co.. 111. Palermo, tn. in Grundy CO., Iowa. Pop., 6S4. Palermo, p. o. in the above tn. Palerano, p. v. in Doniphan co., Kans., 6 mis. fiom St. Joseph, Mo. Pop., 138. Palermo, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 1,223. Palermo, p. v. in the above tn., 17J^mls. from Augusta. Palermo, tn. in Oswego co., N. Y. Pop., 2,052. Palermo, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. E. N. E. of Fulton. Palermo, p. o. in Cape May co., N. J. Palermo, p. o. in Carroll co., Ohio. Palermo Centre, p. v. in Waldo co., Me., 20 mis. from Augusta. Palestine, tn. in Bradley co.. Ark. Pop., C56. Palestijie, p. o. in St. Francis eo.. Ark. Palestine, tn. in Crawford co.. 111. Pop., 1,9«8. •Palestine, p. v. in the above tn., on the Wa- bash R., 12 mis. from Carlisle, Ind. Vaiestine, tn. in Woodford co., 111. Pop., 1,325. Palestine, p. v. In Kosciusko co., Ind., 7 mis. from Warsaw. 44 Palestine, p. v. in Johnson co., Iowa, near tho Iowa R., 19 mis. S. of Iowa City, and near the IMuscatine Division of the Burlington, Cedar Rapids <& Minnesota E. R. Palestine, tn. in Story co., Iowa. Pop., 732. Palestine, p. o. in Washington parish, La. Palestine, p. o. in De Soto co.. Miss. Palestine, tn. in Cooper co.. Mo. Pop., 2,430. Palestine, p. o. in Pickaway co., Ohio. *Palestine, p. v. and the co". seat of Anderson CO., Tex., on the International & Great North- ern R. R., 10 mis. N. E. ol Trinity R., and 95 mis. N. E. of Hearne, the S. W. terminus of the road. Seat of a growing manufacturing intei-est, and starting point of the stage linea to western Tex. Pop. about 1,000. Two news- papers. Palestine, p. o. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Palisade, p. o. in Lander co., Nev. Palisades, p. o. in the tn. of Rockland, in Rockland CO., N. J., IJ^ m^le. E. of Tappan- town. Pallas, p. o. in Snyder co.. Pa. Pall Mall, p. V. in Fentress co., Tenn., oa AVolf R., 18 mis. N. W. of Jamestown. Palm, p. o. in Montgomery co., Pa. Palma, p. o. in Marshall CO., Ky. Palmer, p. o. in Monroe CO., Ark. Palmer, p. v. in Christian co.. 111., on the To- ledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 8 mis. S. W. of Taylorville. Pop. about 150. Palmer, p. o. in Polk co., Iowa. Palmer, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 3,631. *Palmer, p. v. in the above tn.. on Chicopee R. and on New London Nortliern R. R.,at junction with Ware River Branch of .same, also at crossing of Boston & Albany R. R. and at S. terminus of Athol & Enfield R. R., 65 mis. N. of New London, Conn., and 16 mis. E. by N. of Springfield. Location of a State Almshouse, and in.anufactories of boots and shoes and cotton and woollen goods. One newspaper. Palmer, p. o. in Marquette co., Mich. Palmer, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop., 671. Palmer, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Pop., 434. Palmer, tn. in Northampton co., Pa. Pop., 1,444. Palmer's Springs, tn. in Mecklenburgh co.,. Va. Pop., 1,618. Palmer's Springs, p. o. in the above tn. Palmersville, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., 4 mis. N. W. of Walker's Mills. Palmetto, p. o. in Pickens co., Ala. Palmetto, p. v. in Campbell CO., Ga., on the Atlanta & West Point R. R., 25 mis. S. W. of Atlanta. Pop., 294. One newspaper. Palmetto, p. o. in Darlington district, S. C. Palmetto, p. o. in Bedford co., Tenn. Palmetto Home, p. o. in Yazoo co„ Miss. Palmyra, tn. in Macoupin co., 111. Pop.,. 2,400. Palmyra, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. fromi Girard. Palmyra, tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., 1,109. Palmyra, p. v. in Harrison co., Ind., 8 mis. from Pekin. Palmyra, tn. in Knox co., Ind. Pop., 1,269. Palmyra, v. in Rush co., ind. Palmyra, tn. in Warren co., Iowa. Foix^ 1,347. Palmyra, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Des Moines. Pop., 226. Palmyra, tn. in Douglas co., Kans. Pop., 2,431. Palmyra, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Pop., 1,322. Palmyra, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from Newport. ,,. , „ Palmyra, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop.,. 1,7.57. Palmyra, p. v. in the above tn., at tne junc- tion of the main line and the Jackson BraucU PALMYRA. 690 PANOLA. of tbe Lake Shore & Miclaigan Southern R. R., 4 mis. S. E. of Adrain. Palmyra, p. o. in Renville Co., Minn. *Paliuy ra, p. v. and the co. seat of Marion co., Mo., oil the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., at junction of Quincy Branch, 9 nils. S. W. of West Quincy ; in the midst of an agricultural region. Has manufactories and considerable trade. Pop., 2,615. Two newspapers. Palmyra, p. o. in Otoe co., Nebr. Palmyra, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J., on the Camden & Amboy R. R., 114 mis. N. E. of Camden. Palmyra, tn. in "Wayne co., N. Y. Pop., 4,188. *PaliHyra, p. v. in the above tn., on the Erie Canal and near New York Central R. R., '2-2 mis. E. of Rochester. A trade and manufac- turing centre. Pop., 2,152. Two newspapers. Palmyra, p. o. in Halifax CO., N. C. Palmyra, tn. in Portage co„ Ohio. Pop., 848. Palmyra, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Uavenua, Palmyra, p. v. in Lebanon co., Pa., on the Leljauon Valley Branch of the Philadelphia* Reading R. R., 10 mis. W. of Lebanon. Palmyra, tn. in Pike Co., Pa. Pop., 570. Palmyra, tn. in Wayne CO., Pa. Pop., 2,481. Palmyra, tn. in Fluvanna co., Va. Pop., 1,979. Palmyra, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Ravenna R., 6 mis. N. W. of Co- lumljia. Palmyra, tn. in .Jelferson co.. Wis. Pop., 1,021. ♦Palmyra, p. v. in the above tn., on the Prai- rie du Chien Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 42 mis. from Milwaukee. It is surrounded by a rich farming district. Pop., 703. Palo, p. o. in Marion co., Ala. Palo, p. V. in Linn co., Iowa, on the Burling- ton, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 10 mis. from Cedar Rapids. Pop. about 300. Palo, p. V. in Ionia co., Mich., 10 mis. N. of Muir. Palo, p. o. in York co., Nebr. Palo Alto, CO. in Iowa, N. N. W. part. Area, .5JS sq. mis. Pop., 1,33(5; in 1860, 132. The sur- face is genei'ally level and the soil fertile. The Des Moines R. "flows through it from N. to S. In the W. part are several small lakes. The Iowa & Dakota Division of the Chicago, Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R. will intersect the co. from E. to W. Emmittsburgh is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 19,475 bush.; Indian-corn, 22,336 bush.; oats, 19,976 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,506 bush.; wool, 273 lbs.; butter, 45,.52r) lbs.; hay, 7,4;32 tons. Cash value of farms, Jsl 95,053. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, incluiling additions to stock, etc., $105,692. Value of manufactures, $8,460. Palo Alto, p. o. in Louisa CO., Iowa. Palo Alto, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 1,084. Palo Alto, p. V. in Chickasaw co.. Miss., 21 mis. fiom Houston. Palo Alto, p. o. in Onslow co., N. C. Pato Alto, p. o. in Seneca co., Ohio. Palo Alto, J), bor. in Schuylkill co., Pa., on the Schuylkill Valley R. R., 2>^ mis. from Potts- ville. Pop., 1,740. Palo Alto, p. o. in Bell co., Tex. Palo lilanco, p. o. in Eresuo co., Cal. Paloma, p. v. in Adams co.. 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R. and the Galesburgh & Quincy Division of the Chicago, Burlington &, Quincy R. R., 14 mis. from Quincy. Pop., 200. Palo Pinto, new co. In Tex., N. W. central part. Area, 720 sq. mis. The surface is gently undulating and consists chielly of prairies. A licit of woodland, being a part of the so- called " Cross Timbers," occupies the E. part of the CO. The Brazos R. intersects the co. from N. W. to S. E. Palo Pinto is the co. seat. Palo Pinto, p. v. and the co. se.at of the above CO., near the Brazos R. and about 100 mis. N. W. of Waco. Palos, tn. in Cook co., 111. Pop., 853. Palos, p. o. in the above tn. Palonse, p. o. in Whitman co., Wash. Ter. Paniadumcook liakc, in Piscataquis co., Me.; is drained by the S. branch of the Pen- ob.scot R. Pamelia, tn. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Pop., 1,292. Pamelia Fonr Corners, p. v. in .Jefferson CO.. N. Y., 3 mis. from Evan^s Mills. Pamlico River, in N. C. (in its upper couiro called Tar R.) ; rises in the W. part of Gran- ville co., flows in a south-easterly direction and empties into Pamlico Sound. Its mouth is a wide estuary. The area it drains is not large, nor does it receive important aflluents. It is navigable for small boats as far as Tar- borpugh. Paniplin's Depot, p. v. in Appomattox CO., Va., on the South Side Division of the At- lantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 88 mis. fi-om Petersburg. Pop. about 300. Paninnky, or Pamnnkey, River, in Va.; is formed by the junction of tlie North and South AnnaRs., on the boundary of Hanover & Caroline cos. It flows S. E. and joins the Mattapony R. to form the York R. Pana, tn. in Christian co.. 111. Pop., 3,096. *Pana, p. v. in the above tn., at intersection of the Illinois Central R. R., the Springfield & Illinois Southeastern R. R. and the Indiana- polis & St. Louis R. R., 84 nils. N. E. of St. Louis and 42 S. E. of Springfield. Has quite a large trade interest. Pop., 2,207. Two news- papers. Panaca, p. o. in Lincoln co., Nev. Panama, p. o. in Lancaster co., Neb. Panama, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., 5\4 mis. N. of Panama Station. Pop., 650. Panama Station, in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on the Atlantic & Great V/estern R. R., 45 mis. W. of Salamanca. The p. o. is Broken Straw. Panamore Hill, p. o. in Scriven co., Ga. Pancake Slountains, a range m the south- ern part of Lander co., Nov., bounding the White Pine Valley on the W. Pancoastbnrgb, p. o. in the v. of Waterloo, in Fayette co., Ohio, mis. from New Holland. Pandora, p. o. in Johnson co., Tenn. Panguitcli, p. o. in Iron co., Utah Ter. Pan Handle, p. o. in the v. of Collier, i7i Brooke co., W. Va., on the Pittsburgh, Cin- cinnati & St. Louis R. R., 7 mis. E. of Steuben- ville, Ohio. Panoche, p. o. in Fresno co., Cal. Panola, tu. in Woodford co.. 111. Pop., 1,260. Panola, co. in Miss., N. W. part. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 20,754; hi 1860, 13,794. The surface is generally level, or but slightly un- dulating ; the soil "is productive. The Talla- hatchce R. intersects the central part of the CO., and itsti'ibutary, Yockenay R., flows near the southern boiiiidaiy. The Mississippi & Tennessee R. R. passes through the co. from N. to S. Panola is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 30,508 bnsh.; rye, 380 bush.; Indian-corn, 390,767 bush.; oats, 4,900 bush.: Irish pot's, 36,,531 bush.; sweet pot's, 58,395 bush.; butter, 15,230 lbs.; cotton, 15,764 bales. Cash value of farms, §3,030,587. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding adilitions to stock, etc., $2,145,996. Value of manufactures, $129,969. Panola, p. v. and co. seat of Panola co., Miss., 1 nile from Batesville. Pop., 192. Panola, co. in Tex., E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 10,119; in 1860, 8,47.5. The Sabine R. forms part of the N. boundary, and then intersects the co. from N. to S. "The surface Is slightly rolling, ar.d consists chiefly of fertile prairies. Carthage is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 424 bush.; rye, 16 bush.; Indian-corn, 306,665 bush.; oats, 5,4S6 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,806 bush.; sweet pot's, 66 - 823 bush.; butter, 60,2S01bs.; cotton, 9,367 bales ; PANOLA STATION. 691 PARISH GEOVE. hay, 732 tons. Casli value of farms, $1,031,615. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 407,760. Value of manufactures, $'28,'225. Panola Station, p. v. in Woodford cc. III., on the Illinois Central R. K., 9 mis. from Minonlc. *Panora,, p. v. and the co. seat of Guthrie CO., Iowa, 4-1 mis. W. by/ N. of Des Moines. Has manufactories, and trade with agricul- tural surroundings. Pop., 540. One news- paper. Panteso, p. v. in Beaufort Co., N. C, 16 mis. froiu IJath. S'aiitliei" Creek, p. o. in Yadkin co., K. C. P.tntlBer CreeSi, p. o. in Hancock eo., Tenn. Panther Rock, p. o. in Forest co.. Pa. Panther Hills, a mountain range in N.Mont. Ter., near the junction of the Milk and Mis- souri Ks. PantUer Spring's, p. v. in Hamblen co., Tonn., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia 11. R., (i mis. W. of Morristown. Panton, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 390. Panton, p. o. in the above tn. Paola, tu. in Miami co., Ivans. Pop., 2,435. *Paola, p, v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., at crossing of Osage Division of the Mis- souri,- Kansas & Texas R. R., 45 mis. S. by W. of Kansas City. A trade center for rich agri- cultural surroundings. Pop., 1,811. Three newspapers. Paoli, tn, in Orange co., Ind. Pop., 2,350. *Paoli, p. v. and the co. seat of Orange co., Ind., 10 mis. S. of Orleans, on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R. Pop., 62S. One newspaper. Paoli, p. V. in Chester co., Pa., on the Penn- sylvania Central R. R., 20 mis. VV. of Philadel- phia. Paoli, p. V. in Dane co.. Wis., 8 mis. from Ore- gon. Paj>akating', p. v. in Sussex co., N. J., 3 mis. from La Fayette. Papalote, p. o. in Bee CO., Tex. Paper 5IiiI, p. o. in Salt Lake co., Utah Ter. Paper J^Sills, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Paperville, p. o. in Sullivan co., Tenn. Pa^illion, p. v. in Sarpy co.,Nebr., on Union Pacific K. R., 15 mis. W. of Omaha. One news- pajier. Papinean, tn. in Iroquois co.. 111. Pop., 1,064. Papineau, p. v. in the above tn., near the Chi- c:igo, Danville & Vincennes R. R., 13 mis. N. of Watseca. PapinsvjHe, p. v. in Bates co., Mo., 16 mis. from iiutler. Paraelifta, tn. in Sevier Co., Ark. Pop., 579. Paraclifta, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. of Locksljurgli the co. seat. Paradise, tn. in Coles CO., 111. Pop., 1,220. Paradise, p. o. in the above tn. Paradise, p. o. in Muhlenburgh CO., Ky. Paradise, tn. in Grand Traverse co., Mich. Pop., im. Paradise, p. o. in the above tn. Paradise, p. o. in Claj' co., Mo. Paradise, p. o. in Orange co., N. Y. Paradise, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 2,193. Paradise, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. E. by S. of La)ieaster. Paradise, tn. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 623. Paradise, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 1,300. Paradise, p. o. in Cache eo., Utah Ter. Paradise Talley, p. o. in Nez Perccs CO., Idulio Ter. Paradise Valley, p. v. in Humboldtco., Nev. Paradise Valley, p. o. in Monroe CO., Pa. Paras'on, p. o. in jNIorgan co., Ind. Parasonah, p. v. in Ironco., Utah Ter., in the I'arowan Vailey, i]4 mis. N. E. of Parowan. Pavaje, p. v. in Socorro co., N. Mex. Ter., on tin; Rio Grande R., 35 mis. S. of Socorro. Pop., 527. Parallel, p. o. in Riley co., Kans. Paralta, p. o. in Linn co., Iowa. Pardee, p. v. in Atchison co., Kans., 2 mis. from Farmington. Pardeeville,"p. v. in Columbia co.. Wis., on the Northern Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 11 mis. E. of Portage City. Pop , 205. s J i , Pardoe, p. o. in Mercer co., Pa. Par hams, p. o. in Catahoula parish. La. Parhani's Store, p. o. in Sussex co., Va. Paris, tn. in Edgar co.. 111. Pop., 4 522. *Paris, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on tlie Indianapolis & St. Louis R. R., at S. E. terminus of Paris & Decatur Junction, 19 nils. N. W. of Terre Haute, Ind. A railroad center, with large manufacturing and trade interests. Pop., 3,057. Two newspapers. Paris, p. V. in Jennings co., Ind., on Graham Cr., and near the Louisville Division of the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. Paris, tn. in Howard co., Iowa. Pop., 434. Paris, p. V. in Linn co., Iowa, on Wapsipinicon R., 26 mis. N. \V. of Anamosa. Paris, tn. in Linn co., Kans. Pop., 1,."96. *Paris, p. V. and the co. seat of Bonrbon CO., Ky., at the junction of the Hueston and Sto- ner Rs., and on the Kentiickj' Central R. R. at S. W. terminus of the Jlaysville & Paris R. R., 80 mis. S. of Covington and 19 nils. N. E. of Lexington. An important cattle mart. Large manufactories of Boui'bon whiskj'. Pop., 2,6.55. Two newspapers. Paris, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 2,765. *Paris, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Giand Trunk R. R., 4S mis. N. of Portland. Seat of trade and manufactories. Two news- papers. Paris, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 891. Paris, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,.543. Paris, p. V. in Mecosta co., Mich., on the Mus- kegon R. and the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 5 mis. N. of Big Rapids. *Paris, p. V. and the co. seat of Monroe CO., Mo., near Salt R. on the Hannibal & Central Missouri Division of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 40 mis. W. S. W. of Hannibal ; in the midst of an agricultural district. Pop., 895. One newspaper. Paris, tn. in Oneida CO., N. Y. Pop., 3,.575. Paris, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. of New Hartford. Paris, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. Paris, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. Pop., 691. Paris, tn. in Stark co., Ohio. Pop.. 2,02.5. Paris, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. of Moultrie. Paris, tn. in Union co., Ohio. Pop., 2,S38. Paris, p. V. in Washington co., Pa., SV, mis. E. of Holiday's Cove, W. Va. Paris, tn. in Henry co., Tenn. Pop., 1,797. *Paris, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on West Sandy R. and on the Louisville, Nash- ville & Great Southern R. R., at W. terminus of Memphis, Clarksvillc & Louisville R. R., and E. terminus of Memphis & Ohio R. R., 49 inla. S. W. of Clarksville. Pop., inclusive of tn., 1,797. One newspaper. *Paris, p. V. and the co. seat of Lamar co., Tex., 100 mis. N. W. of Jeff'erson. Center of trade for an agricultural and cotton-produc- ing country. Pop. about 1,.500. Three news- papers. Paris, p. o. in Rich co., Utah Ter. Paris, p. V. in Fauquier co., Va., 18 mis. trom Winchester. Paris, tn. in Grant co.. Wis. Pop., 907. Paris, tn. in Kenosha co.. Wis. Pop., 1,015. Paris, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Bris- tol. Parish, tn. in Oswego co., N. Y. Pop., 1,929. Parish, p. v. in the above tu., on the Syracuse Northern R. R., 26 mis. N. of Syracuse. Parish Grove, tn. in Benton co., Ind. Pop., 193. PARISH MILLS. 692 PARKVILLE. PariKli Mills, p. o. in Kdmonson CO., Ky. Parislivilic, tii. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Parisliville, p. v. in tlieabove tn., 9mls. from J'.itsdiun. Top., 31-J. Parisliville Centre, p. o. In St. Lawrence co., X. Y. Paris I^ancling, tn. in Henry co., Tenn. Pop., 55-2. Paris I>andiiig, p. v. in Henry co., Tenn., on the Tennessee II., 2 mis. N. of Tennessee River Station on the Louisville, Memphis & Great Southern R. R., 15 mis. W. of Erin. Parisville, p. o. in Hnron co., Mich. Parisville, p. v. in Portage co., Ohio, on the Pennsylvania & Ohio Canal, lU mis. L. of Ra- venna. ParU, CO. in Colo. Ter., central part. Pop., 447. This co. inclndes the larger part of the South Park, and is bounded on the N., W. and S. by the lofty crests of the Rocky Mts. The South Platte R. rises in it and drains it with a large number of small tributaries. The gold mines, according to the census, yielded in 1S70 the value of $19,600. Fair Play is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Rye, 20 bush.; oats, 1,4S0 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,430 bush.; but- ter, 5,750 lbs.; hay, 281 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,740. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to .stock, etc., $28,006. Value of manufactures, $20,050. Parli, tn. in Scott co.. Ark. Pop., 495. Park, p. o. in Greene co., Ind. ParU, p. o. in Barren CO., Ky. ParU, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 1,274. ParU, p. o. in the above tn. ParU, p. o. in Lancaster co., Nebr. ParU City, p. o. in Sedgwick co., Kans. ParUe Bar, tn. in Vuba CO., Cal. Pop., 250. ParUe, co. in Ind., VV. part. Area, 440 sq. mis. Pop.. 18,195 ; in 1860, 15,538. The surface is un- dulating, except the river bottoms, which have a very fertile soil. The Wabash R. forms the western boundarj' and receives Sugar Cr. and Big Raccoon Cr., which iiow through the CO. from K. to W. Rockville, the co. seat, is connected bv a railroad with Terre Haute. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 502,230 bush.; rj'e, 3,378 bush.; Indian-corn, 982,628 bush.; oats, 48,391 bush.; Irisli pot's,65,004bush.; sweet pofs, 2,470 bush.; butter, 314,099 lbs.; hay, 14,- 512 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,763,397. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,373,990. Value of manufactures, $799,162. ParUer, i>. o. in Yuma co., Ariz. Ter. Parlier, p. o. in the v. of Morristown, in Ran- dolph CO., Ind., on the Indianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinati & In- diaTiapolis R. R. Pop., 257. ParUer, tn. in Montgomery co., Kans. Pop., 474. ''^ParUer, p. v. in theabove tn. on the Leaven- worth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., and on Verdigris R., 143 mis. S. S. W. of Kansas Citj'. Its surroundings are devoted to agriculture and cattle raising. One newspaper. ParUer, p. o. in Andrew co.. Mo. ParUer, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 1,309. ParUer, v. in the above tn., on the Alleghany A'alley R. R., 82 mis. N. of Pittsburgh. One newspaper. ParUer, co. in Tex., N. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 4,186; in 1860, 4,213. The surface consists of rolling and fertile prairies. The W. part of the CO. is intersected l)y the Brazos R.; the E. part. is lirained by small affluents of Trinity 11. Weatherford is the co. seat. Agr. pro- tluctions in 1870: Wheat, 13,6.'>8 bush.; Indian- corn, 70,685 bush.; oats, 10,905 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,253 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,790 bu.sh.; butter, 20,0.)0 lbs., hay, 64 tons. Cash value of farms, Jii;>6,475. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $102,070. Value of manufactures, $74,010, ParUcrsbnrg'li, p. v. inRicliland co.. 111., 12J^ mis. S. of Olney. ParUersbiirgli, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ind., 7 mis. S. W. of Ladoga. ParUersbnrg:li, p. v. in Butler co., Iowa, on the Iowa r)ivisioa of the Illinois Central R. R., 19 mis. W. by N. of Cedar Falls, iu an agricultural section. One newspaper. Parkersburg;li, tn.in Woodco., W. Va. Pop., 6,641. *ParUersburgh, city In the above tn. and the CO. seat, on tlie Parkersljur^h Branch Of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., and on the Ohio R. at the mouth of Little Kanawha R., Yjii mis. below Wheeling. The river is spanne-1 here by a magnificent railroad bridge. Large interests in manufactiires and coal refining. Center of active commerce by railway and river. Pop., 5,546, being the second city in the state in population and trade importance. Six newspapers. Parker's Cross Roads, v. in Bedford co., Tenn. ParUer's Head, p. v. in Sagadahoc co., Me., on the Kenn('i)ec R., 10 mis. from Bath. ParUer's L. o. in Franklin co.. 111. Parrish, p. o. in Des Moines CO., Iowa. Parrottsville, p. v. in Cocke co., Tenn., 5 mis. from Gorman's Depot. Parry ville, p. v. Carbon co.. Pa., on the Le- high & Susquehanna R. R. anil the Lehigh Val- ley R. R., 7 mis. S. E. of Mauch Chunk. Parsliallville, p. v. in Livingston co., Mich., 10 nils, from Fenton. Parsipi»any, p. v. in Morris CO., N. J., 14 mis. from Jilont Clair. Parson burs'li, p. o. in Wicomico co., Md. Parsonlield, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 1,894. Parsonfield, p. v. in the above tn., 19 mis. from Alfred. *Parsons, p. v. in Labette co., Kans., at the junction of the Sedalia & Neosho Division of Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 49 mis. from Fort Scott. One newspaper. Parson's, p. o. in Luzerne CO., Pa. Parson's Creels, tn. in Linn co., Mo. Pop., 1,1 IS. Par telle, p. v. in Calhoun co., Mich., 11 mis. from Marshall. Partlow's, p. o. in Spottsylvania co., Va. Partridge, tn. in Woodford co.. 111. Pop., 395. Partridge, p. o. in Letcher co.,Ky. Partridge Island, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y". Pasakenta, tn. in Tehama CO., Cal. Pop., 356. Pascagonla, p. v. in Jackson co.. Miss., at the moutu of Pascagoula R., where it empties into Mississippi Sound, and on the New Orleans, Mobile & Texas R. R., 100 mis. E. of New Or- leans. Pop., 480. Pascagoula River, in Miss.; is formed by the eoniluence of Leaf & Chickasawhay Rs., in Oreene co.; flows S. and empties into Pasca- goula B., a beautiful sheet of water which ex- tends N. from the Mississippi Sound. Pascoag, p. V. in Providence CO., R. I., 12 mis. from Putnam, Conn. Paslian, p. o. in La Grange eo. Ind. Paskack, p. v. in Bergen co., N. J., 6 mis. from Closti-r. Paskenla, p. o. in Tehama co., Cal. Paso Robles, p. o. in San Luis Obispo CO., Cal. Pasquotank, co. in N. C, N. E. part. Area about 240 sq. mis. Pop., 8,131 ; in 1860, 8,940. It borders in the S. on Albemarle Sound and lies between Little R. and Pasqtiotank R. The surface is level and more than half of the co. is covered with swamps. The soil is sandy and moderately fertile. Elizabeth City is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 22,086 bush.; Indian-corn, 434,985 hush.; oats, 11.504 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,311 bush.: sweet pot's, 23,937 bush.; butter, 21,454 lbs.; hay, 16 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,274,945. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $683,372. Value of manufactures, |S,600. Passadumkeag, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 243. Passadumkeag, p. v. in the above tn., on the Eurojiean & North American R. R., 31 mis. from Bangor. Passaic, co. in N. J., N. E. part. Area, 192^-^ sq. mis. Pop., 46,416 ; in 1860, 29,013. It borders in the N. on the state of N. IT., in the E. on the Passaic R., and in the S. W. on the Pequan- nock 11., and is drained by the Passaic, Rania- po and Ringwood Rs. The surface is broken and in some parts mountainous and the soil of the valleys productive. Paterson is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,732 bush.; rye, 15,223 bush.; oats, 36,467 bush.; Indian-corn, 68,407 hush.; Irish pot's, 87,950 bush.; butter, 159,418 lbs.; hay, 11,396 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,174,170. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $653,829. Princi- pal products of industry : Sewing and twist silk, $2,029,670 ; silk goods, $1,576,114; iron cast- ings, $543,240 ; flax and linen goods, $662,000, and bleaching and dying, $2,175,395. Total val- ue of manufactures, $19,958,728. *Passaic, p. v. in the above co., on the Passaic R. and on the Erie R. R. and the Boonton Branch of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western R. R., 11 nils. N. N. W. of Jersey City. A manufacturing place with about 3,000 in- habitants. Three newspapers. Passaic River, in N. J.; rises in Morris co., forms part of the southern and eastern bound- aries of this CO., flows through Passaic co., then forms the western boundary of Bergen and Hudson cos., and empties into Newark B. Passaic, tn. in Morris co., N. J. Pop., 1,624. Passaic Valley, v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Summit. Passamaquoddy Bay, in Me.; separates the state from the British province of New Bruns- wick, extends about 16 nils, inland and is from 8 to 11 mis. wide. Its shape is very irregular, and it is studded with many small rocky is- lands : it receives the St. Croix R. Pass Christian, p. v. in Harrison CO., Miss., on the shore of Mississippi Sound, and on the New Orleans, Mobile & ChattaiX)0ga R. R., 57 mis. E. of New Orleans and S3 mis. W. of Mo- bile. Pop., 1,951. Pass Maucbac, p. o. in Tangipahoa parish, La. Passpatansy, tn. in King George co., Va. Pop., 1,131. Passpatansy, p. o. in the above tn. Passumpsic, p. v. in Caledonia co., Vt., on the Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers R. R., i^/i mis. N. of Norrisville. Passumpsic River, a tributary of the Con- necticut R., in Caledonia co., Vt.; hasa south- erly direction. It is the outlet of Willougliby Lake. Pastoria, p. o. in Jeflferson co., Ark. Pastures, tn. in Augusta co., Va. Pop., 3,292. Pataha, p. o. in Walla Walla co., Wash. Ter. Patalia Prairie, p. o. in Walla Walla co., Wash. Ter. Patapsco River, inMd.; rises in Carroll co., flows S., then turns S. E.and E., forming the boundary of Baltimore co., which it separate.^ from Carroll, Howard and Anne Arundel cos., and empties through a wide estuary into Chesapeake B., 14 mis. below Baltimore. The PATASKALA. 694 PAULDING. extensive water-power it affords gives it great economical value. Pataskala, p. v. in Licking eo., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. anrl the Central Oliio Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. II., 16 nils. W. of Newarlv. Pop.. 462. Patch Grove, tn. iu Grant co., Wis. Pop., 829. Patch Grove, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. Ironi Prairie du Chien. Pop., 177. Patchiii, 11. o. in Santa Clara CO., Cal. Patehiii, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Patchinsville, p. o. in Clearliekl CO., Pa. *Patohojfue, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the South Side R. R. of Long Island, 60 mis. E. of New York. One newspaper. *Paterson, citj' and co. seat of Passaic eo., N. J., on Passaic R., Moi'ris Canal, Erie R. R., Morris & Essex II. R., New York & Oswego Midland R. R. and N. terminus of Paterson & Newarlc R. R., 13 mis. N. of Newark and 17 mis. N. W. of New York city. The city is hand- somely laid out and its streets are straight and well paved. Tlie river here has a fall of 72 feet, 50 of which are perpendicular, which, with artificial improvements, affords excel- lent water-power, employed largely in manu- facturing ; tlie silk mills and locomotive works being the largest in the country. Two bridges connect the city with Mancliester on the opposite side of the river. Pop., 33,579 ; in I860, 19.2.58. Eight newspapers. Pate's Springs, p. o. in Pike co.. Ark. Patesville, p. o. in Hancock co., Kv. Patit, p. o. m Walla AVnlla co.. Wash. Ter. Path Valley Mountain, a chain separating Center and Miffiin cos.. Pa. Patnios, p. o. in INlahoning co., Ohio. Patoha, In. in Marion co., 111. Pop., 1,294. Patoha, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Illinois Central R. R., 15 mis. from Vandalia. PatoUa, tn. in Pike co., Ind. Pop., 1,760. Patoka, tn. In Dubois co., Ind. Pop., 3,086. Patoka, tn. iu Crawford co., Ind. Pop.. 1,253. Patoka, tn. in Gibson co., Ind. Pop., 4,397. Patoka, p. V. in the above tn., on the Evans- A'ille & Crawfordsville R. R., 30 mis. from Evansville. Pop., 844. Patoka Creek, a tributary of the Wabash R., iu S. ind.; rises in Orange co., flows through Dubois, Pike and Gibson cos., and has a west- erly course. Patrick, eo. in Va., S. W. part. Area about 4S5 sq. mis. Pop., 10,161 ; in 1860, 9,359. It bor- ders in the S. on N. C. and extends in the N. W. to the crest of the Blue Ridge, the slopes and spurs of M'hich occupy a large portion of its surface. UuU Mt. trends througli the central part. The eo. is drained by artiuents of the Yadkin and Dan Rs. Patrick Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 9,6.57 bush.; rye, 12,984 bush.; In- dian-corn, 147,329 bush.; oats, 50,937 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,166 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,205bush.; tobacco, ,323,886 lbs.; butter, 8.5,.>451bs.; hay, 351 tons. Cash value of farms, $351,975. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., 1^400,553. Value of manufactures. .■i;78,627. Patrick Court House, p. o in the v. of Tay- lorsville, and the co. seat of the above co., 50 mis. W. of Danville. Patrieksburgh, p. v. in Owen co., Ind., lOmls. fi-oni Spencer. Patrick Spring's, p. o. in Patrick co., Va. ^Patriot, p. V. in Switzerland co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 10 mis. from Rising Sun. Patriot, p. o. in Decatur CO., Iowa. Patriot, p. V. in Gallia CO., Ohio, 10 mis. from GuUipolis. Patroon, p. o. in Shelby co., Tex. Patsaliga River, a tributary of tlie Conecuh R., in Ala.; rises in tlie southern part of Montgomery co., intersects Crenshaw and Covington COS., and empties near Andalusia. Pattagninpns, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. Patten, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 704, *Patten, p. v. in the above tn., 35 mis. from Mattawamkeag. Pattenburgh, p. o. Hunterdon co., N. J. Patten's 5Iill, p. o. in Washington co., Ohio. Patten's Mills, p. o. in 'Waslunstou co,, N. Y. Patterson, p. v. in Nevada co., Cal., 18 mis, from Little York. Patterson, p. o. in Pierce co., Ga. Patterson, p. o. in Madison co., Iowa. Patterson, p. v. in Wayne co.. Mo., 9 rala, E. of Piedmont on tlio Iron Mountain R. R. Patterson, tn. in Putnam co., N. Y. Pop- 1,418. Patterson, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Y'ork & Harlem R. R., 12 mis. N. of Croton Falls. Patterson, p. v. in Caldwell co., N. C, IS mis, from Morganton. Patterson, tn. in Darke c^., Oliio. Pop., 978. Patterson, p. v. in Hardin co., Ohio, on tho Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R., 13% nils. S. W. of Carey. Patterson, p. bor. in Juniata co., Pa., on the Juniata R., opposite Mitilintown. Pop., 659. Patterson, tn. in Beaver co.. Pa. Pop., 74. Patterson's BlufT, p. o. in Sarber co.. Ark. Patterson's I>epot, p. o. in Mineral co,, W. Va. Patterson's Mills, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., 8 mis. from Burgettstown. Patterson's Store, p. o. in Alamance co., N. C. Pattersonville, p. v. In St. Mary's parish, La., 11 mis. from Brashear. Pattison's Store, p. o. in Shelby co., Tenn. Patton, p. o. in Bollinger eo., Mo. Patton, tn. in AUegliany co.. Pa. Pop., 1,193. Patton, tn. in Centre CO., Pa. Pop., 721. Pattonsburg'h, p. v. in Daviess co.. Mo., 19 mis. N. W. of Gallatin. Patton's Home, p. o. in Rutherford co., N. C. Pattonsville, p. o. in Scott co., Va. Pattonville, p. v. in Bedford co.. Pa., 8 mis, from Hopewell. Pattonville, p. o. in Lamar co., Tex. Patuxent, p. v. in Anne Arundel co., Md., on the Baltimore & Potomac R. R., 19 mis. S. W, of Baltimore. Patuxent River, in Md.; rises in Montgomery CO., and forms the boundary between Anne Arundel and Calvert cos. on tlie E., and Prince George's, Charles and St. Mary's cos. on the W. It empties Into Chesapealie B.,N, of the Potomac R. Paul, p. o. in Benton co., Iowa. Paulding, eo. in Ga., N. W. part. Area about 520 sq. mis. Pop., 7,6.39; in 1860, 7.038. The .surface is rolling and elevated. The Dug Down Mt. range extends through the CO. from E. to W. The Tallapoosa R. rises S. of this range. The N. part of the co. is drained by small affluents of the Etowah R. Dallas is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 29,779 bu.sh.; rye, 490busli.; Indian-corn, 153,132 bush.; oats, 12,887 bush.; Irish pot's, 2.402 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,974 busli.; cotton, 1,322 bales ; butter, 57,993 lbs.; hay, 347 tons. Cash value of tarms, $.509,064. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including &. o. in Shawnee co., Kans. Paulinville, p. o. in Yuba co., Cal. Paulins Kill, a small tributary of the Dela- ware li.; rises in Sussex co. and flows through Warren co., N. J. Panl<«boroug;h, p. o. in Gloucester co., N. J. Pauls Valley, p. o. in Chickasaw Nation, Ind. Ter. Paulton, p. o. in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Paulville, p. v. in Adair co., Mo., 12 mis. from Kirksville. Paupac, p. o. in Pike co.. Pa. Paupae, tn. in Wayne co.. Pa. Pop., 642. Pavia, p. o. in Bedford Co., Pa. Pavilion, p. o. in Kendall CO., 111. Pavilion, p. o. Wabaunsee co., Kans. Pavilion, tn. in Kalamazoo co., Mich. Pop., 1,208. Pavilion, p. v. in the above tn., near the Pen- insula K. R., 17 mis. S. W. of Battle Creek. Pavilion, tn. in Genesee co., N. Y. Pop., 1,614. Pavilion, p. v. in the above tn., 12^^ mis. from Batavia. Pavilion Centre, p. v. in Genesee co., N. Y., 11 mis. from Batavia. Pawlet, tn. in Rutland CO., Vt. Pop., 1,505. *Pawlet, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Pawlet Station. Pawling, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 1,760. Pawling, p. V. in the above tn., on the Kew York & Harlem R. R., 67 mis. N. of New York City. One newspaper. Pawling, p. o. of the v. of Perkiomen Junc- tion, in Chester co.. Pa., at the junction of the main line and the Perkiomen Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 25 mis. from Philadelphia. Pawnee, tn. in Sangam.on co.. 111. Pop., 1,293. Pawnee, p. v. in the above tn., 16 mis. S. of Si^ringtield. Pawnee, co. in Kans., S. W. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 179. The surface consists of roll- ing prairies, which have a fertile soil. The Arkansas R. intersects the co. from S. W. to N. E., and receives Big Coon Cr., Pawnee Cr. and other small affluents. Pawnee, tn. in Bourbon co., Kans. Pop., 630. Pawnee, co. in Nebr., S. E. pai-t. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 4,171 ; in 1860, 882. The surface is undulating and consists chiefly of highly pro- ductive prairies. The E. part of the co. is in- tersected by the North Pork of the Great Ne- meha R. and Trinity Cr. The W. part is drained by small aftiuents of the Big Blue R. Pawnee City is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 123,249 bush.; rye, 1,411 bush.; Indian-corn, 232,720 bush.; oats, 74,431 bush.; Irish pot's, .30.577 bush.; sweet pot's, 20 bush.; butter, 75,187 lbs.; hay, 8,709 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,542,530. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $395,266. Value of manu- factures, $74,306. »Pawnee City, p. v. and the co. seat of Paw- nee CO., Nebr., 44 mis. S. W. of Nebraska City. In a stock-raising neighborhood. One news- pa])er. Pawnee Rock, p. o. in Barton co., Kans. Pawnee Station, p. o. in Bourbon co., Kans. Pawpaw, tn. in De Kalb CO., 111. Pop., 978. Paw Paw, p. o. in Miami co., Ind. Paw Paw^, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. Paw Paw, tn. in Van Bureu co., Mich. Pop., 2,670. *Paw Paw, p V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Paw Paw R. and the Paw Paw Branch of Michigan Central R. R., 4 mis. N. of Law- ton. Has excellent water-power and extensive trade with agricultural and lumber-producing surroundings. Pop., 1,428. Two newspapers. Paw Paw, tn. in Marion co., W. Va. Pop., 1,653. Paw Paw, p. V. in Morgan co., W. Va., 4 mis. from Little Cacapon. Paw Paw Ford, p. o. in Roane co., Tenn. Paw Paw Grove, p. v. in Lee co., III., 8 mis. from Earlville. Pawtncbct, tn. in Providence co., R. I. Pop., 6,619. *PawtucIiet, p. v., upon both sides of the Paw- tucket R., partly in above co. and partly in Bristol CO., Mass.; also ujion the Providence & Worcester and Boston & Providence 11. Bs., 4 mis. N. E. of Providence. The river here has a fall of 50 feet, atfording immense water- power. Here was erected the first cloth fac- tory in the country, in 1790. But few New England towns exceed it in the extent of its manufactures, which embrace cotton goods, thread, machinery, cabinet- ware and car- riages. It has also a large and varied com- merce. One newspaper. Pawtnxet, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., on Providence B., 5 mis. S. W. of Providence. Pawtnxett, p. o. in Wakulla co., Fla. Paxlnos, p. V. in Northumberland co.. Pa., on the Shamokin Branch of the Northern Cen- tral R. R., 14 mis. E. of Sunbury. Paxton, tn. in Ford co., 111. Pop., 2,625. *Paxton, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Chicago Branch of the Illinois Central R. R.. at crossing of Indianapolis & Bloomington Division of Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 103 mis. S. of Chicago. A rail- road and trade center, with considerable manufacturing interest. Pop., 1,456. Two newspapers. Paxton, p. o. in Harrison co., Ky. Paxton, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 646. Paxton, p. V. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Worcester. Paxton, tn. in Ross co., Ohio. Pop., 1,738. Paxton, p. o. in Dauphin CO., Pa. Paxton's, p. V. in Sullivan co., Ind., on the Evansville & Crawfordsville R. R., 5}^ mis. S. of Sullivan. Paxtonville, p. o. in Snyder co.. Pa. Payatte, tn. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Pop., 659. Pay I>own, p. o. in Maries co., Mo. Payette Store, p. o. in Ada co., Idaho Ter. Payetteville, p. o. in Ada eo., Idaho Ter. Payne, p. o. in Paulding CO., Ohio. Payne's Creelc, tn. in Tehama co., Cal. Pop., 80. Payne's Corners, p. o. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Payne's Depot, p. o. in Scott co.. Ky. Paynesville, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 318. Paynesville, p. v. in the above tn., 30 mis. from Litchtteld. Paynesville, p. v. in Pike co.. Mo., on the Mississippi R., and 20 mis. E. of Bowling Green. Paynesville, p. o. in Culpepper co., Va. Paynesville, p. o. in Milwaukee co.. Wis. Payneville, p. o. in Meade co., Ky. Payson, tn. in Adams co., 111. Pop., 1,881. *Payson, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. S. E, of Quincy. Payson, p. v. in Utah co., Utah Ter., IS mis. from Provo City. *Peabody, p. o. in Marion eo., Kans. Peabody, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 7,343. Peabody, p. v. in the above tn., on the Law- rence Branch of Eastern R. R., the South Reading Branch of Eastern B, B., and Salem PEACE. 696 PELLA. & Lowell Branch of Boston & Lowell R. R., 5 mis. from Stilem. Engaged in tanning and niannfacture of shoes. One newspaper. Peace, p. o. in Rice co., Kaus. Peace Creek, p. o. and co. seat of Polk co., Flu. Peace Dale, p. v. in Washington co., R. L, 5 mis. from Kir.gston Station. Peachani, tn. in Caledonia co., Vt. Pop., 1,141. ♦Peaehaiti, p. v. in the above tu., 1% mis. from Biiriiet. Peacli Bottom, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 2,3G6. Pcitcli liottoui, p. V. in the above tn., on the Susquelianna R. and Tide Water Canal, 27 mis. iS. S. E. of York, the co. seat. PeacSi Creek, p. o. in Washington co., Kans. Peacli Creek, p. o. in Panola co.. Miss. PeaoJier's Mills, p. v. in Montgomery CO., Tenn., JO mis. from Clarksville. Peach Orove, p. o. in Clay co., Kans. Peach Grove, p. o. in Green co., Tenn. Peachlaiitl, p. o. in Osage co.. Mo. Peach Orchard, p. o. in Randolph co., Ark. Peach Orchard, tn. in Ford co.. 111. Pop., 374. Peach Tree, p. o. in Monterey co., Cal. Peach Tree, p. o. in .Jasper co., Tex. Peachville, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. Peacock's Store, p. o. in the v. of Turn Out, in Columbus co., N. C, on the Wilmington, Columbia & Augusta R. R., 4 mis. W. Of Whitesville, the eo. seat. Pea Cove, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. Peaiiie, tn. in Manitou co., Mich. Pop., 287. Peakesi'ille, p. v. in Clarke co.. Mo., 5 mis. from \Vaterloo. Peak's Hill, p. o. in Calhoun co., Ala. Peak's Island, p. o. in Cumberland co., Me. Peaksville, p. o. in Henry CO., Ga. Peaksville, p. o. in Bedford CO., Va. Peapack, p. v. in Somerset co., N. J., 12 mis. N. of Somerville. Poa Kidg'c, tn. in Brown CO., 111. Pop., 1,011. Pea Ridj^'c, p. o. in Kemper co.. Miss. Pea Rid^e, p. o. in Caswell co., N. C. Pea Ridji;'e, p. o. in Montgomery CO., Tenn. Pearisburg-, tn. in Giles co., Va. Pop., 1,653. Pearisburg', p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on New R., 90 mis. ^V. of Lynchburgh. One newspaper. Pearl, in. in Pike CO., 111. Pop., 623. Pearl Creek, p. v. in Wyoming co., N. Y., 7 mis. from Dale. Pearl I>ei>ot, p. o. in Pike co.. 111. Pcarling'toii, p. v. in Hancock co.. Miss., 21 mis. from Shieldsljorough. Pop., 470. Pearl River, in Miss.; rises in Winston co., flows S. W. toward Jackson, and then gradu- ally assumes a southerly course to its mouth in Lake Borgne. Its lower course forms the boundary between La. and Miss. It is nearly 300 mis. long, but owing to sand bars is not navigable. Pearl River, p. o. In Rockland co., N. Y. Pearl Rock, p. o. in Chickasaw co., Iowa. Pearsalls, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. Pearson, p. o. in Coffee co., Ga. Pearson, p. o. in Lebanon co.. Pa. Pearson's Corner, p. o. in Kent Co., Del. Pease, tn. in Belmont co., Ohio. Pop.. 5,211. Peasleeville, p. o. in Clinton co., N. r. Pea Vine, v. in Bulte co., Cal. Pebble, p. v. in Dodge eo., Nebr., on Pebble Cr., and near the Sioux City & Pacific R. R., 22 mis. M. of Fremont. Pebble, tn. in Pike co., Ohio. Pop., 1,422. Pecan, p. o. in Delta Co., Tex. Pecan Point, p. v. in Mississippi co., Ark., on the Mississippi R., 17 mis. S. of Osceola. *Pecatonica, p. v. in Winnebago co.. 111., on tlie Pecatoniea Cr. and the Galena Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. U., 14 mis. W. of Rockford. Peccan, tn. in Mississippi co.. Ark. Pop., 155. Pecatoniea, tn. in Winnebago CO., 111. Pop., 1,780. Peck, p. V. in Sanilac co., Mich., 15 mis. from Lexington. Pecksburgh, p. o. in Hendricks co., Ind. Peck's Run, p. o. in Upshur CO., W. Va. Peckville, p. v. in Luzerne co.. Pa., on the Delaware & Hudson R. R. Peconie, p. o. in the v. of Hermitage in Suffolk CO., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R. Pecopsen, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 573. Pecos River, the largest tributary of the R'c Grande; rises in the Rocky Mts., E. of Santa Fe, flows through N. Mex. Ter. and the \A . part of Tex., and has a S. E. course. It is ove^ 800 mis. long, but not navigable. Peculiar, p. v. in Cass co.. Mo., 13 mis. S. W. of Pleasant Hill and 9 mis. N. W. of Harrison- ville. Peddler, tn. in Amherst co., Va. Pop., 4,628. Pedee, p. v. in Cedar co., Iowa, 7 mis. from Atalisisa. Pedee, p. o. in Green co., Wis. Peden, p. o. in Kemper co.. Miss, Pedlar's Hill, p. o. in Chathani co., N. 0. Pedricktown, p. v. in Salem co., N. .J., on Old Man's Cr. and 5 mis. W. of Swedesborough. *Peekskill, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the Hudson R. and the Hudson River R. R., 40 mis. N. of New Y'ork. Has several large iron foundries, an extensive manufacturing inter- est, and is an important steamboat landing. Poji., 6,,')60. Two newspapers. Peeled Oak, p. o. in Bath co., Ky. Peel Tree, p. v. in Barbour co. , W. Va., 14J^ mis. from Clarksburgh. Pee Pee, tn. in Pike co., Ohio. Pop., 2,320. Pee Pee, p. o. in the above tn. Peerysville, p. o. and the co. seat of McDow- ell CO., W. Va., on Big Fork, a source stream of the Big Sandy R. Peg'rani's Station, p. o. in Cheatham co., Tenn. Pekin, p o. in Decatur co., Ga. Pekin, tn. in Tazewell Co., 111. Pop., 5,862. *Pekin, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the E.bank of the Illinois li. and on the Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. R., the Pekin, Lincoln & "Decatur R. R. and the Peoria, Pekin & Jacksonville R. R., 12 mis. S. of Peoria. Steamboats connect with the towns on the Illinois & Mississippi lis. A thriving place, and the most important town in the county. Pop., 5,696. Two newspapers. Pekin, p. o. in Washington co., Ind. Pekin, p. v. in Jessamine co., Ky., 8 mis. from Nicholasville. Pekin, p. v. in Niagara co., N. Y., 2i^ mis. from Sanborn. Pekin, p. o. in INIontgomery co., N. C. Pekin, p. o. in Putnam co., Tenn. Pekin, p. o. in Cowlitz co., AVash. Ter. Pelahatcheo Depot, p. o. in Rankin co., Miss. Peletier's Mills, p. o. in Carteret co., N. C. Pel ham, p. o. in Shelby co., Ala. Pclham, tn. in Hampshire CO., Mass. Pop., 673. Pelhani, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Amherst. Pelliam, tn. in Hillsborough eo., N. H. Pop., .S61 . Pelham, p. v. in tlie above tn., 8 mis. from Nashua. Pclham, tn, in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 1,7',W. Pelham, p. o. in tne v. of Pclham vi He in the above tn., near the New York & New Haven R. R. , and Long Island Sound, 2 m's. W. ot New RoeheUe. Pelham, p. o. in Casswell co., N. C. Pelham, p. o. in Grundy CO., Tenn. Pelham Station, p. o. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pelican Rapids, p. o. in Otter Tail Co., Minn. Pella, p. o. in Boulder CO., Colo. Pella, tn. in Ford co.. 111. Pop., 552. PELLA. 697 PENHOOK. •Pella, p. V. in Mariou co., Iowa, on tlie Des Moiues Valley R. R., 47 mis. S. E. of Des Moines. Has ricli agricultural surroundings and important manufacturing interests. Seat of Iowa Central University. Pop., 1,909. Two newspapers. Pella, tn. in Shawano co. AVis. Pop., 318. Pella, p. o. ill the above tn. Pel Ionia, p. o. in Massac co.. 111. Pellsville, p. o. in Vermillion co., 111. Pellv ille, p. o. in Hancock co., Ky. Pelly 3Iountains, a chain trending along the north(!rn coast of Alaska Ter. Peloiise Bridge, p. o. in Xez Perces co., Ida- ho Ter. Peinaqiiid, p. v. in Lincoln co.. Me., 23 mis. from Wiscasset. Peiubertou, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., -2,743. Pemberton, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Jersey Southern R. R., the Peraberton & Hightstown R. R., and the Camden & Burling- ton R. R., 64 mis. S. W. of New York. Pop., 797. Pcmbcrtoii, p. v. in Shelby co., Ohio, on the Intlianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Col- umbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 81 Tnls. \V. of Crestline. Pop., 157. Pemberville, p. o. in Wood co., Ohio. Pembina, co. in Dak. Ter., forming the N. E. extremity of the territory. Pop., 1,'223. The Red River of the North forms the eastern boundary, and separates the co. from Minn. The bottom-lands of this stream are very productive and well adapted to wheat cul- ture. The Pembina R., Bank R. and Salt R. intersect the co. froui W. to E. Pembina is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 257 bush.; Indian-corn, 15(5 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,515 bush.; butter, 500 lbs. Cash value of farms, $10,600. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,540. •Pembina, p. v. and co. seat of the above CO., on the Red River of the North, 2 mis. from the boundary line of British America. Pembina, co. in Minn., forming the north- western extremity of the state. Pop., 64; in 1860, 1,61-2. It is bounded on the N. by British America, on the W. by the Red River of the North, and on the N. E. by the Lake of the Woods. The valley of the Red River con- tains much good farming land. Pembroke, p. o. in Christian co., Ky., on the St. Louis & Southeastern R. R., 84 inls. from Henderson. Pop., 278. Pembroke, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 2,551. *Pembroke, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. from Eastport. Pembroke, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop., 1,447. Pembroke, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Hanover. Pembroke, tn. in Merrimack co., N. H. Pop., 2.51S. Pembroke, p. v. in the above tn., 114 ™le. from Suneook. Pembroke, tn. in Genesee co., N. Y. Pop., 2,810. Pembroke, p. v. in the above tn., near the New York Central R. R. and 1'2J^ mis. W. of Batavia. Pembroke, tn. in Giles co., Ya. Pop., 1,327. Pembroke, p. o. in the above tn. Femi<>oot, co. in IMo., S. E. corner of the state. Pop., -2,05H; in 1860,2,962. It lies between the Mississippi R. on the E. and the Little R. on the W., and belongs to the region of the "Great Swamp." The surface is lowantl level and is intersected by lagoons and marshes. The soil is rich. Gayoso is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: "Wheat, 170 bush.; rye, 100 bush.; Indian-corn, 210,145 bush.; oats, 905 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,719 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,367 bush.; butter, 9,442 lbs.: hay, 9 tons. Cash value of farms, $193,985. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to^tock, etc., $214,470. Pencader, tn. in New Castle co., Del. Pop., 2,542. Pendarvis, p. o. in Wayne co., Ga. Pendall, p. o. in Butler co., Ivans. Pendleton, \). o. in Lincoln co.. Ark. *Pendleton, p. v. in Madison co., Ind., on the Indianapolis Division of the Cleveland. CoU UTjibus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 28 mis. N. E. of Indianapolis. Pop., 675. One newspaper. Pendleton, co. in Ky., N. part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 14,030 : in 1S60, 10,443. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. Blue lime- stone is found. The Ohio R. bounds the N. E. corner. It is watered by the Licking R. and the South Licking R. It is intersected by the Lexington & Covington R. R. from N. to S. Falmouth is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 37,'203 bush.; rye, 19,3,55 bush.; Indian-corn, 578,938 bush.; oats, 46,560 bush.; Irish pot's, '29,453 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,139 bush.; tobacco, 1,651,593 lbs., butter, 161,343 lbs.; hay, 2,062 tons. Cash value of farms, $-2,60'2.376. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $654,- 425. Value of manufactures, .$749,323. Pendleton, p. o in Henry co., Ky. Pendleton, tn. in St. Francois co., Mo. Pop.. 851. Pendleton, p. v. in Warren co., Mo., on the North Missouri R. R., 5^ mis. W. of Warren- ton. Pendleton, tn. in Niagara co., N. Y''. Poii., 1,772. Pendleton, p. o. in the above tn. Pendleton, p. V. in Putnam co., Ohio, 6 mis. from Columbus Grove. Pop., 145. Pendleton, p. v. an;orristown. One newspaper. PennsbHrg'b, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 767. Penn's €rceli, p. V. in Snyder co.. Pa., 15i^ mis. from Selin's Grove. Penu's essels of 408,916 tons. Of these Philadelphia had 2 786 vessels of 317,480 tons ; Pittsburgh, 333 vessels of 76,444 tons, and Erie, 84 vessels of 14,972 tons During the fiscal year ended June 30,1872, the total value of imports from foreign countries was $-20,515,353, of exports of domestic commodi- ties to foreign countries, $21,031,.399, and of re- exports of foreign commodities to foreien countries, .$33,874. " Of far more importance than the foreign commerce is the domestic commerce of the state, owing to the vast amount of its home productions (coal, iron, agricultural products and manufactures). The natural highwavs of commerce arc limited, and consist in the navi- gable waters of Lake Erie and the Delaware R which only touch the borders of the state! The means of communication comprise very complete systems of railways and canals. On January 1,1873, Pa. had 5,787 mis. of railways, against 5,369 in 1872, 3,008 in 186-2, 1,372 in 185-2, and 789 in 184-2. The number of companies whose lines are wholly or partially within the state is 115. Their paid up capital, as far as reported, was .$393,670,886 ; the funded debt, $2.56,7-26,707 and the fioating debt, $-25,038,0-26. The rolling stock consisted of 3,-2,59 locomotives, 1,396 first-class passengercars, 706 postaland express cars, 41,855 treightcars,and 48,993 coal cars and stone trucks. The various companies own 472 machine and workshops, 1,873 depots and station-buildings, 417 iron bridges, and 1,831 stone bridges. In 1871 there were moved on the railroads 31,548,996 passengers and 58,807,802 tons of freight, inclu- sive of over 31,000,000 tons of coal and nearly 7,000,000 tons of iron. The total expenditures of the companies amounted to $73,212,372, and the total receipts to $117,900,'281. The principal lines are the Pennsylvania R. R. (3u4mls. in the state, from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh) ; the Erie R. R. (only 46 mis. in the state) ; the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. (127^ mis.) ; the Lake Shore & Michigan South- ern R. R. (44 mis.) ; the Philadelphia & Erie R. R. (-287 mis.) ; the Alleghany Vallev R. R. (140 mis.) ; the Cumberlanl Valley R. R."(-201 mis.) ; the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. (115 mis.) ; the Lehigh Valley R. R. (-230 mis.) ; the Northern Central R. R. (142 mis.) ; the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R. (1-20 mis.) ; the Penn- S3dvania& New York R. R. (144 mis.) ; the Phila- delphia & Reading R. R. (708 mis.), and the Pittsburgh, Washington & Baltimore R. R. (147 mis.). The canal system of Pa. is very complete, and comprises 12 distinct lines, with a tota't. length of 9-20 mis., of which 507 are within the limits of the state. The Schuylkill Canal is 108 mis. long; the Pennsylvania Canal (360 mis.), has 169 locks, 53(> bridges, and 68 aqueducts; of the Delaware & Hudson Canal (108 mis. long), but 25 mis. are in Pa., and the Erie & Pittsburgh Canal intersects the north-western tier of cos. Wealth, Taxation and Debt.— Tha taxable property of Pa. was assessed in 1870 at $1,313,- 230,0-24, of which $1,071,680,934 were for real es- tate and $241,5,55,108 for personal property. The true value of real and personal property waa PENNSYLVANIA. r02 PENNSYLVANIA. estimated at $3,S03,3W,112 against Sl,41fi.50], Sis iu iStiO. The ])ul)lic debt of the state was, on No- vember oO, 1S71 , $'29,779,8'20. During the liscal year ended Xovember 30, 1872, S2.47(),32(; were paid \>y tile Coinmissioners of tlie Sinliing Fund, leav- ing a debt of §27,303,494. From tliis sum sliould be deducted $9,300,000, being assets in the sinlc- ing fund, and $1, 482,455, Ijeing cash baiance in the treasury. This would ra.aice the amount of debt unprovided for, *;l(i,521,039. The total debts of the cos. in 1870 amounted to .'^49,173,^50, and those of cities and towns to $8,741,649. The receipts of the State Treasury during the ascal year ended November 30, 1872, Avere $S,- 6i5,44(;, of which $7,148,037 were ordinary re- ceipts, the remainder being the casli balance on hand from the preceding j-ear. The disburse- ments were $7,142,990, of wliich 82,960,631 were ordinary expenses, $2,476,326 were loans, etc., i-edeemed, and the balance, $1,706,032, was ap- plied to the i)ayment of interest on loans. The balance of cash remaining in the treasury on November 30, 1872, was $1,4>2,455. JEdvcdtion, Press, etc.— The first permanent school fund was created in 1831, and therewith the flrst foundation laid for the public school system. In that year the state had but 93 school districts with 451 schools. In 1838 there were 840 districts with 5,269 schools. In 1857 the law for the establishment of twelve normal schools was passed. In 1871 the stale was divided into 2,023 school districts, in which there were 15,700 public schools, inclusive of 5,634 graded schools. The pop. of school age (from 6 to 21 years), num- bered in 1870, 975,753, of whom 834,614 were en- rolled. The number of teachers was 18,021, viz.: 7,720 male and 10,301 female. The total school property was estimateit at $16,889,624, and the total expenditures for school purposes amount- ed to .SS,580,918 (for the year ended June 8, 1871). Pa. has 5 normal schools, which are lo- cated at Millersville, Edinboro, Manstield, Kulzlown anil Bloomsburgh. The receipts of the normal schools were $161,303, and the ex- ]3enditures $149,819. The number of private schools was 34G, and of academies and high scliools, 161. The pupils of these two classes of institutions numbered 19,- 394, and of teachers giving instruction therein, 720. Of the ."0 universities and colleges in the state the following are the most prominent : The University of Pennsylvania, founded in 17.55, an(l located at Philadelphia ; Dickinson College (Methodist), at Carlisle; Washington and Jef- ferson College, at Washington ; the Moravian College, at Bethlehem; Allejjhany College, at Meadville; the Western University, at Pitts- burg li ; La Fayette College (Presbyterian), at Faston ; Lehigh University, at South Bethle- hem ; Pennsylvania College, at Gettysburg!! ; Haverford College (Quaker), at West Haver- ford; the Augustinian College of Villa Nova (Ror-ian Catholic), in Delaware co.; Lewisburgh UniTersity, at Lewisburgh ; St. Vincent's Col- lege (Roman Catholic), in Westmoreland co.; Muhlenburgh College (Lutheran), at Allentown, and I'ranklin and Marshall CoUege.at Lancaster. A'^cording to the een»us of 1870 the six uni- verrdlies of Pa. had 127 teachers, of whom 17 wcrB females, and 1,391 male and 170 female students. There were 6 medical, 2 dental, 11 theological, 1 agricultural and 8 commercial schools in the state. The earliest newspaper of Pa. was the "Ameri- can Weekly Mercury," which was issued in 1719 by Wm. Bradj'. In 1770 there were published 9 papers ; in 1810, 71 ; in 1850, 310 ; in 1860, 367, and in 1870, .540. Of these 55 were dailies, 3tri-weeklies, 2semi-vvoeklies,385 weeklies, 11 semi-monthlies, 7'Jmontb-'ies, 3 bi-monthlies and 8 quarterlies. The total circulation was 3,419,765, and the cop- ies isc'iL'd during the year reached the number Of 241,1/0,540. Penal (aid Charitable InsMuUons.— 'Pa., uas two State Penitentiaries, one at Alleghany City and the other at Philadelphia. In both the convicts ai'e subjected to solitary confinement. The three State Lunatic Hospitals are located at Harrisburgli,at Dixmont, near Pittsburgh, and at Danville, in IMontour co. Among the many charitable institutions suiiported by pri- vate endowment, the Pennsylvania Hospital, with its insane department, and the Girard Col- lege for Orphans, both at Philadelphia, are the most conspicuous. The Asylum for the Relief of Persons Deprived of the'Use of their Reason was founded at Philadelphia in 1813, by the So- ciety of Friends, and tlie Woodbrooli Insane Hospital in 1859, at Media. The Deaf and Dumb Asylum in Philadelphia was opened for the re- ception of patrons in 182.5. The " Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the Blind " i3 also located in Philadelphia, and was founded by an incorporated society. In 1853 the Penn- sylvania Training School for Feeble-minded ChiUlren was organized at Germantown, but has since been removed to a farm near Media, in Delaware co. In no state is there made more liberal provi- sion than in Pa. for tlie orphan children of sol- diers who fell during the civil war. In 1872 there were 39 orphan schools in the state, and the number of children therein was 3,720, while to Novenil)er 1st, 1872, there had been expended for this purpose the sum of $3,467,543. Government. — The territory embraced within the present limits of Pa. wasgranted by Charles II. to William Penu, and Avas settled by Fng- glish Quakers under his direction in 1681. The State Constitution was adopted in 1776, and has since been amended in 1838, 1850, 1857 and 1871. In December, 1873, anew constitution, to take eflfect January 1st, 1874, except in certain speci- fied instances, was submitted to the p(!ople and ratified by nearly 1.50,000 majority. Under its provisions, the executive department consists of a Governor, elected for four years ; a Lieu- tenant-Governor, elected for the same time ; a Secretary of the Commonwealth, an Attorney General and Superintendent of Public Instruc- tion, the two flrst nominated by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate during pleasure, the latter for a term of four years ; a Secretary of Internal atfairs, elected lor four years; an Auditor General, elected for three years, and a State Treasurer, elected for two years. The legislative power is vested in a General Assembly, consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives. Senators are elected for a term of fours years, and Representatives for two j'ears. The numljer of Senators is fifty. The members of the House of Representatives are apportioned among the counties on a ratio obtained by dividing the population of the state by two hundred. Any uiale citizen twenty-one years of age, who shall liave been a citizen of the United States for one month, who shall have resided in the state one year (or six months, if a former elec- tor therein), and in his election district two months, is entitled to vote. The judicial power of the state is vested In a Supreme Court, composed of seven judges, elec- ted for a term of 21 years ; in Courts of Common Pleas, which shall h'ave one judge for every dis- trict of 40,000 inhabitants, and who is to b« elected for 10 years ; in Courts of 03'er and Ter- miner. General Jail Delivery, Quarter Sessions and Orphans' Courts, which are to be presided over by the judge of the Common Pleas Court in the same district. Pa. is divided into the following 66 oos.: Adams, AUeghanv, Armstronc, Beaver. Bed- ford, Berks, Blair, Bradford, Bucks, Butler, Cambria, Cameron, Carbon, Centre, Chester, Clarion, Clearfield, Clinton, Columbia, Craw- ford, Cumberland, Dauphin, Delaware, Elk, Erie, Fayette, Forest, Franklin, Fulton, Greene, PENNSYLVANIA. 703 PEOEIA. HujitingdoTi, Indiana, Jefferson, Juniata, Lan- caster, Lawrence, Lebanon, Leliia;li, Luzerne, Lycominc,-, MeKean, Mercer, Mifflin, Monroe, Monlgoniery, Montour, Northampton, Nortli- umberlana, Perry, Philadelphia, Pilce, Potter, Schuyllcill, Snyder, Somerset, Sullivan, Sus- quelianna, Tiosa, Union, Venango, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Westmoreland, Wyo- ming, York. The city of Harrisbnrgh, on the Susquehanna R., is the'capital of the state, and has a pop. of 23.104. The oti^-er principal cities and boroughs are: Philadelphia, pop., 674,023; Pittsburgh, 86,- 076 ; Alleghany, 53,180 ; Scrantou,35,09'2 ; Reading, 33,930 ; Lancaster, 20,233 ; Erie, 19,646 ; Williams- port, 16,030 ; Allentown, 13,S44 ; Pottsvillc, 12,484 ; York. 11,003, Easton, 10,987; Norristown, 10,753 ; Altoona, 10.610; Wilkesban-e, 10,174; Chester, 9,485 ; Titusville, 8,639 ; Birmingham, 8,603, and Danville, 8,436. Pennsylvania, tn. in Mason cc, 111. Pop., 932. Penu Valley, p. o. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pennville, p. o. in the v. of Camden, in Jay CO., Ind., 8 mis. K. N. E. of Dunkirk. Pennville, p. o. in Sullivan co.. Mo. *Penn Yan, p. v. and the co. seat of Yates CO., N. Y., on the Korthern Central R. R. and on the canal which connects Crooked and Seneca lakes, 43 mis. N. N. W. of Elmira. The canal atfords extensive water-power, which is employed in manufacturing. Com- mands an extensive trade with agi'icultural and fruit-growing surroundings. Pop., 3,488. Three newspapers. Peno, tn. in Pike co.. Mo. Pop., 2,160. Penobscot, co. in Me., E. central part. Area, 3,350 sq. mis. Pop., 75,150; in 1860, 72,731. The northern part of the co. is hilly and broken ; the southern undulating. The river valleys contain much good farm land. The East Branch of the Penobscot R. flows through the CO. from N. to S., and with the main stream drains it. The Mattawamkeag, Pisca- taquis, Passadumkeag and other riverfe join the Penobscot. Lakes are numerous. The extensive forests in the northern part of the CO. support an active lumbering business. Bangor is the co. seat. Agr. proiluctions in 1870 : Wheat, 39,475 bush.; i-ye, 2,144 bush.; In- dian-corn, 73.944 bush.; oats, 361,355 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,201, .558 bush.; sweet pot's, 104 bush.; butter, ],. 363,921 lbs.; hay, 116,.323 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,324,213. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $3,880,532. Principal pro- ducts of iiidustry : Sawed lumber, $4,417,305 ; tanned leather, $1,286,270; flour and meal, $538,190 ; and woollen goods, $495,153. Total value of manufactures, $10,556,944. Penobscot, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 1,418. Penobscot, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Castine. Penobscot River, the largest stream of Me.; is formed by the confluence, in Penobscot CO., of the ilast and West Branches. The West Branch rises in the mountains on the Canadian boundary of Somerset Co.; has an easterly covirse and drains numerous lakes, of whicli Chesuncook and Pamedumcook are the largest. The East Branch rises in the northern part of Piscataquis co., has a south- erly course, and receives Sebois R. From the junction of the two Ix-anches the Penobscot flows S. and empties into Belfast B. Tlie tides ascend as far as Bangor, 60 mis. above the mouth, and to this city the river is navigable for the largest boats. Small boats ascend up to Oldtown. The Penobscot drains an area of 8,200 sq. nils. Its fall from the farthest sources to tide-water is about 2,000 feet. The amoimt of water which it discharges is esti- mated at 146,250 cubic feet per minute, and the horse-power at .55,600 horse-power, for 11 hours per day, a small portion of which only is thus fixr used. The tributaries are : the Kenduskeag, Pashaw, Piscataquis, Passadum- keag, Mattawamkeag and Mattagamon Rs. Penola, p. o. in Caroline co., Va. Peuryn, p. o. in Placer co., Cal. *Pensacola, city .and co. seat of Escambia co., B'la., on W. shore of Pensacola B.,10 mis. from the Gulf of Mexico and 64 mis. E. of Mobile, at S. terminus of Pensacola & Louisville R. R. Its harbor has 21 feet of water on the bar, and is the safest on the coast. Government has a naval station hero and a marine hospi- tal. Seat of an extensive lumber trade and general commerce. Pop., 3,347. Three ncws- psipers. Pensacola, p. o. in Choctaw co., Miss. Pensacola Bay, in W. Fla., the outlet to the Gulf of Mexico, of Escambia, Black Water and Yellow Rs. It atfords a deep, capacious and safe harbor. Its entrance is commanded, on either side, by Forts McRae and Pickens. Pensaukic, tn. in Oconto co., Wis. Pop., 777. Pensaukie, p. v. in the above tn., on Green B. and the Wisconsin Division of the Chicago & Korthwesterii R. R., 26 mis. N. of Fort Howard. Pentonville, p. o. in Salem co., N. J. Pentress, p. o. in Monongalia co., W. Va. Pentwater, tn. in Oceana co., Mich. Pop., 1,414. ♦Pentwater, p. v. in the above tn., on Lake Michigan, at mouth of Pentwater R. and at N. terminus of Chicago & Lake Shore R. R., 42 mis. N. of Grand Haven. Connected by steamer with other lake ports. Center of a thriving commerce and extensive manufac- tories of lumber and shingles. Pop., 1,294. Two newspapers. Peutz, p. V. in Butte co., Cal., 13 mis. from Oroville. Peoa, p. o. in Summit co., Utah Ter. Peola Mills, p. o. in Madison co., Va. Peoli, p. o. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pe-o-qnap llonutains, a range in the E, part of Lander co., Nev., trending N. and S. Peoria, co. in 111., central part. Area, 644 sq. mis. Pop., 47,4.50; in 1860, 36,601. The surface is rolling; the soil fertile. The Illinois R. and Peoria Lake form the E. boundary. It is drained also by Spoon R. and several creeks. It is intersected by the Peoria, Burlington & Quincj' R. R., the Peoria & Roclv Island R. R., and the Peoria Branch of the Chicago & Rock Island and Pacific R. R. Peoria is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 124,104 bush.; rye, 99,.592 bush.; Indian-corn, 969,224 bush.; oats, 334,892 bush.; Irish pot's, 108,039 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,939 bush.; butter, 254,482 lbs.; hay, 22,036 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,- 291,236. Total, estimated , value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,671,970. Value of manufactures, $8,844,493. Peoria, tn. in Peoria eo.. 111. Pop., 794. *Peoria, city and the co. seat of Peoria co., 111., on W. bank of Illinois R., 192 mis. above its mouth, and on Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., at N. terminus of Peoria, Pekin & .Jack- sonville R. R., S. terminus of Peoria Branch of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., E. terminus of Peoria Branch of Chicago, Burlington &, Quincy R. R., S. E. terminus of Peoria & Rock Island R. R. and W. terminus of Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. R.; as a railroad and commercial center it is unsurpassed in importance in the central part of the state. The river is navigable to this point, by which it is broujiht into water communication with the Mississippi and the gulf. It is also connected with Chicago by means of the Michigan Canal. Its manufac- turing interests are very large, embracing foundries, machine shops, boiler worlcs, ag- ricultural implement factories, planing mills, wagon and carriage shops, distilleries, etc., etc. The site of the city is an elevated plalieau PEOPJA. ro4 PERRY. some two miles square, nearly surrounded by bluffs, easy of access and varying in form, Avhosc summits are covered with magnificent private residences. The river here expands into Peoria Lake, which enhances the attrac- tions of the vicinity. Pop., 22,849; in ISfiO, lfc",03!j; in ls.')0, 5,011. Thirteen newspapers, tlie principal of which are the " Review,'' " Transcript " and " Democrat," all daily and weekly. l*eoria, p. o. in Franklin co., Ind. Peoria, p. v. in Mahaska Co., Iowa, 10}^ mis. \y . of New Sharon. Peoria, tn. in Franklin CO., Kans. Pop., 1,160. I'coria, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Ot- tawa. Peoria, p. v. in Wyoming CO., N. Y., 8 mis. from Genesco. Peoria, p. o. in Union co., Ohio. Peoria, p. v. in Linn co., Oreg., 15 mis. from Albany. Peoria, p. o. in Hill co.. Tex. Peoria City, p. v. in Polk co., Iowa, 14 mis. S. of Nevada. Peosta, 11. V. in Dubuque co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of tlie Illinois Central R. li., 14^ nds. \V. S. W. of Dubuque. Peot, p. o. in Kewaunee co., AVis. Peotone, tn. in Will co., 111. Pop., 1,213. Peotoiie, p. V. in the above tn., on the Chicago Branch of the Illinois Central R. R., 40 mis. S. S. W. of Chicago. PepactoJi, p. o. in Delaware CO., N. Y. Pepin, CO. in Wis., W. N. W. part. Area, 250 sq. mis. Pop., 4,(350; in 1860,2,392. The surface is level or gently undulating ; the soil fertile. Chippewa R. flows through the W. part and empties into the Mississippi R., which forms the S. \V. boundary of the CO., separating it from Minn. Durand is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 97,990 bush.; rye, 4,774 bush.; Indian-corn, 108,232 bush.; oats, 79,- 378 bush.; Irish pot's, 27,187 bush.; butter, 125,- 010 lbs.; hay, 6,522 tons. Cash value of farms, 745,285. Total, estimated, value of all farm proiluctions,' including additions to stock, etc., $260,834. Value Of manufactures, $196,945. Pepin, tn. in the above co. Pop., 956. Pepin, p. V. in the above tn., on Lake Pepin, 1'.; nils, above Wabasha, Minn. Pepperell, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 1,842. Pepperell, p. v. in the above tn., near the Worcester & Nashua R. R., 10 mis. from Na- shua. Peppertown, p. o. in Franklin co., Ind. Pe«niabneU, p. o. in the v. of Terryville, in I^iichlield CO., Conn. Pcqnaiiac, ii. o. in Morris Co., N. J. Pcquannock, v. in Hartford CO., Conn., on the i'armington R., 12 mis. from Hartford. Pequannook, tn. in Morris CO., N. J. Pop., 1,53 i. Peqnannock Creek, in N. J., flows along the boundary between Passaic and Morris cos. in a E. S. K. direction, and joins the llingwood and I^anlapo lis., to lonn the Pompton R. Pequea, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 1,276. Peqiiea, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. W. of Gap Station. Peralta, p. o. in Valencia co., N. Mex. Ter. Perolic, tn. in Boone co.. Mo. Pop., 3,119. Perch ] bush.; Irish pot's, 55,2.50 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,538 bush.; butter, 146,905 lbs.; hay, 10,817 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,475,790. Total, estimated, value of all farm produotions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,535,401. Value of manu- factures, $467,207. PetHs, tn. in Adair co., Mo. Pop., 1,041. Pettis, tn. in Platte CO., Mo. Pop., 3,943. Pettis, p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pettisville, p. v. in Fulton co.,Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., i% mis. W. of Wauseon. Petit, p. V. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., 4 mis. S. E. of Transitville. Petty, tn. in Lawrence co.. 111. Pop., 1,591. Petty's Shore, p. o. in Hertford co., N. C. Pettysville, p. o. in Livingston co., Mich. Pcvely, p. V. in Jefferson co.. Mo., on the Mis- souri R. and the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 23 mis. S. of St. Louis. *Pewamo, p. v. in Ionia co., Mich , on the De- troit & Milwaukee R. R., 15 mis. from St. Jolins. Is a flourishing agricultural place. Pop. about 400. Pewaukee, tn. in Waukesha co., Wis. Pop., 1,818. PewanUee, p. v. in the above tn., on Pewau- kee Lake and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 19 mis. W. of Milwaukee. Pewee Valley, p. v. in Oldham co., Ky., on the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., IG mis. from Louisville. Pop. about 50. Peytona, tn. in Boone co., W. Va.. Pop., 1,166. Peytonia, p. o. in the above tn. Peyton's, p. o. in Adams co.. 111. Peytoiisbiirgli, p. o. in Pittsylvania co.,Va. Peytonsville, p. o. in Little River co.. Ark. Peytonsville, p. v. in Williamson co., Tenn., 10 nils, from Franklin. Pfotus Valley, p. o. in Perry co., Pa. Phalanx, p. o. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pharisburgh, p. o. in Union co., Ohio. Pharsalia, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 1,141. Pharsalia, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Norwich. Pheasant Branch, p. o. in Dane co., Wis. Phelps, CO. in Mo., S. E. part. Pop., 10,506 ; in 1860, 5,714. The surface is undulating, and inter- sected by low valleys confined between steep and broken slopes. The soil is very product- ive. The Gasconade R. drains the western part of the co.; the Dry Fork of the Maramec R. the eastern. The Atlantic & Pacific R. R. passes through the co. from E. N. E. to W. S. W. Rolla is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 70,187 bush.; rye, 2,744 bush.; In- dian-corn, 239,504 bush.; oats, 62,510 bush.; Irish pot's, 23,121 bush.; sweet pot's, 620 bush.; but- ter, 82,548 lbs.; tobacco, 13,992 lbs.; hay, 2,816 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,296,090. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $408,796. Value of manufactures, $760,739. Phelps, p. o. in Lawrence co., Mo. Phelps, tn. in Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 5,130. * Phelps, p. V. in the above tn., on Flint Cr. and on the Syracuse & Rochester Branch of the New Yorli Central R. R., 15 mis. E. of Can- andaigua. Shipping point for fruit, stock and plaster. Pop., 1,355. One newspaper. Phelps, V. in Walker co., Tex., on the Inter- national & Great Northei-n R. R., 65 mis. K. of Galveston and 48 mis. S. of Crockett. *Phelps City, p. v. in Atchison co.. Mo., on the Kansas Citj-, St. Joseph & Council Blutt's R. R. Pop., 252. Phenlx, p. V. in Kent co., R. I., IJ^ mle. from River Point. Philadelphia, p. v. in Hancock co., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R.. .33< nils. W. of Greenfield. Philadelphia, p. v. and the co. seat of Nesho- ba CO., Miss., 36 mis. from Meridian. Philadelphia, p. v. in Marion co., Mo., 13mls. W. of Palmyra. Philadelphia, tn. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Pop., 1,679. Philadelphia, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rome, Ogdensburg & Watertown R. R., 165^ mis. N. E. of Watertown. Pop., 384. Philadelphia, co. in Pa., S. E. part. Area, 1291^ sq. mis. Pop., 674,022; in 1860, 565,629. The Delaware R. forms the south-eastern boun- dary and Penn Park Cr., Tacony Cr., Wissa- hickon Cr. and the Schuylkill R. intersect the CO. It is co-extensive with the city cf Phila- delphia. Agr. productions in 1870; Wheat, 53,975 bush.; rye, 19,886 bush.; oats, 63,SSt bush,: Indian-corn, 189,325 bush.; Irish pot's, 350,isi bush.; sweet pot's, 75 bush.; butter, 132,566 lbs.; hay, 16,568 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,945,- 000. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc.. $2,231,366. Value of manufactures, $322,004,.517i *Philadelphla, city and commercial metrop- olis of Pa.; is situated between the Delaware and Schuylkill Rs., immediately above their confluence, and on the W. bank of the latter stream, in lat. 39° 57' N., and long. 75° 10' W., or 136 mis. N. E. of Washington, 96 mis. from the Ocean via the Delaware R., and 86 mis. S. W. of New York city. In territorial extent it is the largest city in the Union, being co-ex- ten.sive witli Philadelphia co., and having a total length of 23 mis., an average breadth of 5^ mis., and an area of 129}/^ sq. mis. or 82,700 acres. The site of the city is, in general, a level plain, extending from river to river, with suf- ficient elevation in the center to admit of easy drainage, but falling off in the southern part into monotonous alluvial flats, and rising in the northern part and W. of the Schuylkill into an undulating and sometimes broken table-land. The city plan is rectangular, the direction of the streets corresponding with the cardinal points of the compass ; but exceptions to this regularity are found in the presence of sevei-al ancient thoroughfares which were built up before the plan was fully elaborated, in many of the angles of the rivers, and in not a few of the suburban towns and distiucts which, in the course of time have blended with the city proper. Philadelphia was founded by William Penn in 1682, and laid out in the succeeding year by Thomas Holmes, but was not regularly incor- S orated until 1701, when its limits were the lelaware on the E., the Schuylkill on the W., Vine Street on the N. and South Street on the S., in all ten streets running E. and W. and twenty-flve running N. and S.; the central streets. Market anil Broad, lOO and 113 feet wide respectively, having extensive public grounds at their intersection, and each of the quadrangles into which they divided the plan having similar parks or public grounds near their centers. This area did not long suffice to contain either population or trade, but it becamesurroundedby thrifty districts, which in the aggregate were larger and more popu- lous than the city itself. These were all con- solidated in the year 1854, and became one municipality. Most of these district names still survive in the localities they designated, and are used in a conventional way, when particularity of description is an object: thus, mention inuy be heard of Bridesburgh, on the Delaware, at the mouth of Frankford Cr., some 7 mis. N. N. E. of the State House, where a United States Arsenal is located, and which is the seat of many handsome private residences: of Frank- ford, on Tacony Cr., 6 mis. N. by E., with its Friends' Asylum for the Insane, and largt. manufacturing interests ; of Holmesburgh, JQ mis. to the N. N. E., made up of pleasant coon- PHILADELPHIA. 709 PHILADELPHIA. try residences ; of Bybcrry, still fiirtliei" to the N. Jf. eastward : ofNicetowii, with its revolu- tionary lueinorios ; of Bustleton, with its print-works ; of Kensington, nearly N., with .Its din of muchineiy and clouds ot' manufac- turing smoke ; of lliclimond, N. E. on the Pelaware, with its immense coal and ship jards ; of Germantown, 6 mis. N. N. W., with lis palatial country seats, spacious lawns, yicturesque surroundings, select society and Iiistoric associations; of Chestnut Hill, still furtner to the N. N. W., delightfully situated Oil a commandmg eminence; of Schuylkill falls, to the N. W.; of Manayunk on the left bunk of the Schuylkill, 7 mis. N. W., with its mammoth cotton and woollen mills, furnaces, foundries and paper mills, and its millions of invested capital and annual products ; of lioxborough, in the same neighborhood; of West Philadelphia, the city's self in minia- ture, on the W. side of the Schuylkill, with its wealth, refinement and active growth ; of Mantua, which is but West Philadelphia as it abuts on the park to the N.; of Hamilton and Haddington, pretty little bustling corners in the W. part of the great municipality, etc., etc. The streets of Philadelphia running N. and S. are naiued W. from the Delaware "First," 'Second," "Third," etc., and the dwellings and stores on the same are numbered N. and S. from jMarket Street. The numbers on the E. and W. streets begin at the Delaware and run W. The heavy commercial street is JVIarket, running W. from the Delaware the entire width of the city. The fashionable business streets are Chestnut, AValnut and Arch, run- ning parallel with Market, and Eighth Street, running N. and S. The other active business streets, for general retail and wholesale trade, are chiefiy those running X. and S. Third Street, and Chestnut and Walnut in the vicinity of Third, are the monetary foci of the city. Locust, Walnut, Chestnut and Arch, W. of the business centers, are lined with fashionable retiidences. Broad Street, the central avenue running N. and S., car- ries its immense width (11.3 feet) through- out the entire length of the city, 23 inls, A great part of it is built up with stately mansions, presenting fine architectural ef- fects, and as it is the design of the municipal- ity to protect it against the inroads of busi- nesSj to pave and otherwise care for it, it is destined to become a boulevard as renowned far splendor and fashion as it is now for its unprecedented length and majestic breadth. Outside of the central business area of 10 sq. mis. Philadelphia, though laid out, is not densely built. It is preeminently the city of airy, comfortable, home-like residences. There are' few abodes of squalor and want. The ar- tisan finds a home as well as the millionaire. It numbers more dwellings than any city in the country, having, in 1870, 112,366, with an average of 6.01 persons in each, while New York had but 64,0-14 dwellings with 14.72 per- sons in each. Fortius reason, aided no little by police regulations and climatic causes, it Is the healthiest city in the country, as proven by a comparison of health records. From its position the city is intimately as- sociated with the early history of the coun- try. In no vague sense it has been the scene of most of those political departures which constituted the steps from Colonial severalty and dependencj'to Republican unity and in- dependence. Her merchants were among the earliest to pledge themselves not to sell Brit- ish goods until the Stamp Act was abolished. In 1774 the first Congress in America assem- bled in Carpenter Hall, S. of Chestnut and between Third and Fourth Streets. The con- vention that framed and promulgated the Constitution of the United 8tates sat in this city in 1787. It was the recogirized capital of the country from 1774 to 1797. Here was estab. lished the first United States Bank, in July, 1780, and here the first Mint for National Coin- age, in 1792. But the event of greatest mo- ment in the history of the city and country was the session of the convention that fram- ed the Declaration of Independence, which nominally ended July 4th, 1776, with the pub- lic reading of the immortal instrument from a stand in the State House Square, by Capt. John Hoplcins. The venerable building on Chestnut Street, between Fifth and Sixth, in which the convention sat, is a substantial two-story structure of unpretending propor- tions. It was built 1729-34. Its E. hall is the Hall of the Declaration. Its general appear- ance is the same as in 1776, and it has ever been a patriotic desire to preserve its interior ar- rangement and appointments so as to truth- fully reflect the surroundings of the " Fathers of our Country " during their momentous session. The presence of this shrine, with its sacred associations, together with the ac- cessibility and fitness of the city for the occa- sion, gave it early prominence as the proper site for the national ceremonies in honor of the hundredth year of the Republic. Philadelphia has many massive and thor- oughly appointed mercantile and manu- facturing buildings. The banking and sav- ings institutions, the insurance and com- mercial establishments, are built on a scale of extent and beauty, and with a complete- ness of adaptation scarcely found elsewhere. The county buildings, containing the halLg of justice and offices of record and police, are, with one or two additions, identical with the Old State House above mentioned. The foundations of a new, costly and capa- cious structure, ample for every purpose, are being laid at the intersection of Broad and Market Streets. The national build- ings in the city are substantial, but hardly in keeping with liberal taste nor commen- surate with the wants of a populous and progressive metropolis. The Custom House, on Chestnut Street, is of coarse marble and was designed as a specimen of Doric archi- tecture. It was finished in 1824, at a cost of $500,000. The Mint, on Chestnut Street, at the corner of Juniper, is of marble, after Ionic models. It was begun in 1829,:.and cost $200,000. The Navy Yard, on the Dela- ware, is a series of store-houses, machine shops and floating docks, well adapted for the building and equipping of war vessels. The Xaval Asylum, on the Schi^ylkill, founded in 1835, 380 ft. long, and built of white marble, is a tasteful and comfortable home for the " soldiers of the sea." The Post-offlee, on Chestnut Street, is to be superseded by a new and magnificent building extending on the W. side of Ninth Street from Market to Chestnut, and fronting all three streets. Ed- ucational and charitable institutions are numerous in the city. Besides many and. beautiful high school and grammar school buildings, connected with the municipal school system, there are colleges devoted to general culture and the learned professions. Of these, Girard College, founded by Stephen Girard, and built at an expense of $2,000,000, is a superb solid marble structure, or series of three distinct structures, of the Corinthian order, and constitutes the most liberal and unique charity in the country. The Univer- sity of Pennsylvania, an outgrowtli of the old Franklin Academy and Free School, has recently erected stately buildings W. of the Schuylkill, and entered upon a new era of usefulness. The Academy of Natural Sciences, on Broad Street, is a capacious but illy artaxit- ed building, which, having long since failed to accommodate the largest collection of PHILADELPHIA. 710 PHILADELPHIA.. specimens and the cotnpletest library of its kind in ttie country, is about to be deserted for the new and commodious structure ap- proaching completion on Race Street. The different schools of medicine sustain elabor- ately appointed colleges, giving to the city a world-wide reputation as a focus of medical and surgical culture. In 1871 the city had 380 public schools, 55 gi-ammar schools, 1 high school and 1 normal school. The number of male teachers was 80, and of female teachers, 1,459. The average at- tendance was 71,556. There was expended the large sum of $1,197,902 for school purposes; f3'27,219 were for teachers' salaries. Tlie public or circulating libraries of the city are over 20 in number. Of these, the oldest and largest is the Philadelphia Library, 125 South Fifth Street, founded in 1731, and con- taining nearly 100,000 volumes. The Mer- cantile Library occupies a fine structure on Tenth Street. It was founded in 1821, and numbers 90,000 volumes. The library of the Atheneum, on Sixth Street, contains 30,000 volumes ; the Friends' Library, on Arch Street, 10,000 volumes ; tlie Law l/ibrary Asso- ciation, 8,000 volumes ; the Library of the American Philosophical Association, 31,000 volumes; Library of the Franklin Institute, 11,000 volumes ; the exhaustive Library of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 31,000 volumes, and the bound and unbound collections of the Pennsylvania Historical Society, 19,000 vol- umes. In accordance with a very liberal be- quest by the late Dr. Hush, a new library building is about to bo erected on Broad Street, which, as designed by its founder, will be surpassingly extensive and grand. There are over 100 hosijitals and asylums in the city, whose extent and munificence are unequaled. Neai'ly every denomination has endowed its hospital or home, nobly second- ing the municipality and the state in the alleviation of suffering and care of the aged and unfortunate. The County Alms-house, a massive structure \V. of the Schuylkill, is capable of accommodating 000 patients. The Pennsylvania Insane Hospital, also in West Philadelphia, is 430 feet long, surrounded by a park of 114 acres. The prison build- ings, Fastern Penitentiary, on Coates Street, County (Moyamensing) "Prison, on Passy- unk Eoad, and House of Refuge, on Parish Street, are imposing punitive and reforma- tory structures, unsurpassed for adaptation. The beneficial and social life of the city is architecturally represented by many costly buildings and.richlv adorned halls. Among these the Masonic Temple, on Broad Street, built of solid granite at a cost of $3,000,000, and in a Norman composite style of architec- ture, is perhaps the most massive, imposing and adequate structure of the Order in the world. The Union League House, on South Broad Street, is a tasteful brown-stone struc- tui-e, with rich external and internal finish, and of equal magnificence is the marble palace of the Reform Club, on Chestnut Street. Tliere are nearly 400 churches in the city ; and whether considered as to number, extent of accommodation or artistic effect, Philadel- phia is unsurpassed by any other city in this respect. Each denomination is repre- sented by a proportionate number of edifices, many of them monuments of tlie purest architecture on the continent, while the older and less pretentious often eml)alin the rarest histories and richest associations of proprieta- ry and revolutionary times. The dramatic and flue arts are represented by several schools and places of amusement. The Academj' of Music, on South Broad Street, is the noblest Structure of its kind in the city, and in inter- nal arrangement and seating capacity is not excelled by any building, similarly devoted, in the country. The leading hotels of the city are the Continental, Girard, La Pierre, Colon, nade. Merchants, American, St. Cloud, Bing- ham House, etc. The two former stand op- posite each other on Chestnut Street, and are commanding structures, M'ith complete ap- pointments and large capacity. The La Pierre, on South Broad, and the Colonnade, on Chest- nut Street, though less capacious, are of even more effective architecture and equally suited for first-class accommodations. For municipal and general political pui'- poses the city is divided into 29 wards, 4 con- gressional, 4 state senatorial and 18 legislative districts. The government follows the usual formula of Republics, its executive power being represented by a Mayor, its legislative by Select and Common Council, its judicial oy criminal, civil and appeal courts. The police force is necessarily very large, numbering nearly 1,000 men. Many of the graver munici- pal functions are performed by boards, com- missions and trusts, so constructed as to be presumably beyond partisan influence. The responsibility of most of these agencies is stu- pendous, and their management on the whole liberal and satisfactory. The city is bountifully supplied, with pure water from the Delaware and Schu.ylkill ; the works on the former river being located at Kensington, pumping in September, 1873, 4,- 747,193 gallons ; on the latter river at Fair- mount, pumping for the same month 26,642,541 gallons; at Spring Garden, pumping 4,196,200 gallons; at Belmont, pumping 6,073,920 gal- lons ; and at Roxborough, pumping 2,587,637 gallons ; a total for the month of 44,248,521 gal- lons, all of which is received in settling reser- voirs and thence distributed to the city. Philadelphia contains a large nurnber of beautiful cemeteries, which occupy retired and picturesque spots and where nature has been lavishly adorned by art. Of these Laurel Hill, fronting on the E. bank of the Schuylkill, is one of the oldest and finest in the country. Its surface is highly undulating, and its adornments of monument, parterre, walk and evergreen, rich, classical and lovely. Scarcely inferior in saeretl embellishment are the cem- eteries of Glenwood, on Ridge Road ; Mount Vernon, opposite Laurel Hill ; Monument Cemetery, on North Broad Street ; Odd Fel- lows Cemetery, on Islington Lane; Wood- land's Cemetery, on Darby Road; Mt. Moriah Cemeterj', near it ; and the many church burying grounds interspersed through the city. Beside the many attractive squares through- out the city, which the forethought of Penn made secure against commercial intrusion, Philadelphia boasts the largest park in the country. It is situated on both sides of the Schujdkill, and contains 3,000 acres. It is under the control of a commission, who have laid out and ornamented its eastern portion with great care, and so as to take everj' ad- vantage of the topographic variety and won- derful natural attractions of the surface. The West Park, by far the largest portion, is not so profusely ornamented as yet, but its drives are more extensive and its natural scenery even more varied and picturesque. In its midst, contiguous to the line of two railroads, is the chosen scene of the centennial celebra- tion, than which no spot could have been more wisely selected. Owing to the immense distances to be tra- versed in the city by merchants and artis^ins, it has elaborated, in obedience to public need, an extensive system of street railway car- riage, which has sujiplanted, almost entirely, the old methods of travel. These vehicles render contiguous the most remote parts of the city. The outward commercial connec- tions of the city bring it into intimate com. PHILADELPHIA. 711 PHILADELPHIA. munication witli the immense resources of the state, of whatever kind, with the business centers east, west and south, and with all the ports of this and foreign countries. It is the N. E. terminus of the Philadelphia, Wilming- ton & Baltimore R. R., and the Philadelphia & Baltimore Central R. R.; the E. terminus of the West Chester & Philadelphia R. R. and Pennsylvania R. R., with its rainiflcations N.., W. and S.; S. E. terminus of the Philadelphia* Reading R. R., with its arms in tlie coal regions and its other branches centering in the city ; 8. terminus of the Nortli Pennsylvania R. R.; S. W. and N. W. terminus of the Philadelphia & Trenton R. R., the Camden & Amboy Di- vision of Pennsylvania R. R., the Camden & Atlantic R. R., the West Jersey R. R., and in general the entire E. and W. system of N. J. Of its rivers, the Schuj'lkill is spanned by many elegant bridges, and by the course of the stream, a commercial outlet is had to the ocean for medium-sized craft. The Dela- ware is crossed by numerous ferries, render- ing the opposite and neighboring towns readily accessible, while its course, with suffi- cient depth to float the largest vessel and width to accommodate the commerce of the world, gives easy outlet to the sea and furn- ishes a safe and caj^acious home port. The foreign commerce of the city has at all times been valuable, and of late an exclusively American line of four splendid steamships, running to Liverpool, has been established. In 1872 tlie commercial fleet comprised 779 sailing vessels of 100,200 tons, 258 steam ves- sels ot 52,334 tons, and 1,749 unrigged vessels of 164,946 tons. The total imports from foreign countries during the year ended June 30, 1872, had a value of $20,383,853 ; the domestic exports to foi-eign countries of $20,982,870, and the re-exports of foreign commodities of $33,- 874. Thougli excelled by New York in the annual value of her manufactured products, as to the amount of power, number of establishments, hands employed,capital invested and material consumed, Philadelphia is the first manufac- turing city in the country. It had, in 1870, 8,184 establishments, in which were used 1,- 611 steam-engines of 40,528 horse-power, and 59 water-wheels of 2,69ti horse-power. The number of operatives employed was 137,496, of whom 95,421 were males, above 16 years or age. The capital invested was $174,016,674, and the wages paid amounted to $58,780,130. Tbe materials consumed had a value of $180,3-25,713, and the commodities and goods produced of $322,004,517. The products which exceeded one million of dollars were the following : Bookbinding, $3,362,395 ; boots and shoes, $9,- 231,348; bread and bakery products, $3,781,184; brick, $3,112,906; carpets, $9,798,019; carriages and wagons, $2,281,361 ; freight and passenger cars, $2,385,469 ; men's clothing, $16,429,067 ; confectionery, $2,014,711 ; cotton goods, $8,272,- 698; drugs and chemicals, $7,023,711 ; fertilizers, $1,485,452; flour, $4,822,228; picture fi'ames, $1,- 034,853; furniture, $4,773,301; gas, $3,004,375; gas fixtures, $1,171,783; glassware, $1,365,643; hats and caps, $1,688,306 ; heating apparatus, $1,197,066 ; hosiery, $5,164,405 ; forged and roll- ed ii-on, $2,970,492 ; bolts, nuts, etc., $1,392,132; wrought iron pipes, $3,305,760; iron castings, $5,225,659 ; stoves and heaters, $1,678,532 ; jew- elry, $1,455,741 ; leather, morocco and dressed skins, $6,482,046 ; distilled liquors, $1,940,255 ; malt liquors, $3,380,613; lumber, $1,825,121; machinery, $7,278,335 ; locomotives, 3,490,279 ; engines and boilers, $2,450,224; marble and stone work, $3,071,709; cured and packed meat, $6,477,602 ; refined sugar and molasses, $25,949,- 876; lead and zinc paint, $2,479,408; paper and paper hangings, $2,372,411 ; patent medicines, $6,101,592; printing of cloths, $5,713,584; jjrint- il^[ and. publishing, $10,107,451 ; job printing, $1,041,714; saddlery and harness, $1,135,453; sash, doors and blinds, $1,656,438 ; saws, $1,037,- 700; ship-building and repairing, $1,085,177; silk, $1,332,900; soap and candles, $2,490,941; cast steel, $1,858,250; tin. copper and sheet-irou ware, $2,096,543 ; tobacco and cigars, $2,339,711 ; iimbrellasand canes,$2,044,726 ; woollen goods, $17,943,826, and worsted goods, $7,762,369. The growth of the city in population has been uniform. In the year after it was foun- ded (1682) it had a population of .500 ; of 4,500 in 1700 ; of 9,750 in 1744 ; of 12,500 in 1749 ; of 14,- 653 in 1753 ; of 18,756 in 1760 ; of 23,734 in 1777 ; of 37,000 in 1783 ; of 44,996 in 1790 ; of 70,287 in 1800 ; of 96,660 in 1810 ; of 114,410 in 1820 ; of 167,811 in 1830 ; of 220,523 in 1840 ; of 360,305 in 1850 ; o. 568,034 in 1860, and of 674,022 in 1870 ; being the second largest city in population in the coun- try. The number of natives of the United States was 490,398, and of foreign-born persons 183,624, of whom 50,746 were born in Germany ; 22,034 in England ; 96,698 in Ireland ; 4,175 in Scotlanti and 1,791 in Switzerland. In all classes of occupations were engaged 217,685 persons, viz.: 3,690 in agriculture; 63,- 869 in professional and personal services (in- cluding 533 clergymen, 128 journalists, 982 lawyers, 2,023 teachers, 24,108 domestic ser- vants and 20,994 laborers) : 43,960 in trade and transportation and 106,166 in manufactures, etc. (including 2,054 bakers, 2,563 blacksmiths, 7,299 shoemakers, 3,753 masons and stone cut- ters, 1,908 butchers, 2,115 cabinet-makers, 7,072 cai'penters and joiners, 955 coopers, 12,617 cot- ton and woollen mill operatives, 4,123 iron and steel workers, 2,524 machinists, 5,556 milliners and dress-makers, 2,950 painters and varnish- ers, 2,142 printei's, 10,288 tailors and tailoresses, and 1,764 brick and tile-makers). Philadelphia sustains a liberal and numer- ous press. The total number of papers issued is 146. Of these the leading morning dailies are "The Ledger," independent in politics, with a circulation of 87,000; editor and propri- etor, George W. Childs. Its magnificent build- ing,at the corner of Sixth and Chestnut, is re- garded as one of the architectural ornaments of the city, and as the most thoroughly ai> pointed newspaper office in the world. '"' The Record," independent, circulation, .50,000 esti- mated, in a handsome office at Third and Chestnut ; Wm. J. Swain, proprietor and pub- lisher. " The Press," Republican, circulation 15,000 ; tri- weekly, 2,000 ; weekly, 20,000 ; in a ca- pacious structure at corner of Seventh and Chestnut ; Hon. John W. Forney, editor and proprietor. " The Age," Democrat, daily, 14,- 500 ; weekly, 20,000 ; office, Seventh above Chest- nut. "The Inquirer," office 304 Chestnut ; W. H. Harding, editor and proprietor. "The North American," 132 South Third Street ; Hon. Morton McMichael and Son, owners and editors. " The Demokrat," German, 612-614 Chestnut Street ; circulation daily 17,500; week- ly, 6,000 ; Hofl'man & Morwitz, editors and publishers. '* The Freie Presse" ; circulation 6,000. The principal evening papers, all ably edited and largely patronized, are the "Bulle- tin," "Telegraph, ""AH Day Item," "Herald," " Star," " Day," and "Abend Post." The Sun- day press is numerous, liberal and well sup- ported. The commercial interests are repre- sented by first-class periodicals, as are the religious, legal, insurance and medical inter- ests, with agriculture, horticulture and the fine arts. The literarj' papers, as " Saturday Evening Post," " Saturday Night," etc., are . enterprising and have attained immense cir- culations, while several of the monthlies, as " Lippincott," " The Lady's Book," "People's Journal," etc., have a wide reputation and proportionate influence. Pbiladclptala, p. v. in Loudon co., Tenn., oa the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. B., 35 mis. S. W. of Knoxville. Pop. about 300. PHILANDER. 712 PIATT. Philander, p. o. In Gentry co., Mo. Philanthropy, p. o. in Butler co., Ohio. Philippi, til. in Barbour CO., W. Va. Pop., 1,605. Philippi, p. V. and the co. seat of Barbour CO., W. Va., on Tygarts Valley R., 1314 nils. S. of Webster. Philipsbnrg-h, p. v. in Deer Lodge co., Mont., Tei-., 53 nils, fioin Deer Lodge City. Philipsburgh, p. o. in the v. of Lagrange, in Jetfersou co., Ohio, on the Ohio River Divi- sion of the Cleveland* Pittsburgh R. R., 6?:^ mis. S. of Stcubenville. "Phllipsburgh, p. bor. inCentrc co.. Pa., on tlie Tyrone & Clearfield Branch of the Penn- sylvania 11. R., 28 mis. W. of Bellefonte. Pop., i,08f). One newspaper. Philipsburgh, borough in Beaver co.. Pa., on the Alleghany Valley R. R., 66 mis. N. of Pitts- burgh. Pop. about 554. The p. o. is Phillips- ton. Phillip's Mills, p. V. in Indiana co.. Pa., on the Indiana Branch of the Pennsylvania R. R. Phillipston, p. o. in the v. of Phillipsburgh, in Clarion co., Pa., on the Alleghany Valley R. R. Phillips, CO. in Ark., E. part ; bordering on the Mississippi R., which separates it from the state ot Miss. Area about 700 sq. mis. Pop., 15,372; in 1860, 14,877. The St. Francis R. and its tributary, the Languille R., drain the northern part of the co., while the southern Is drained by Big Or., a tributary of the \V^hite R. The surface is low and level, slop- ing from N. to S. Tbe southern part of the CO. is sulijcct to inundation. The soil is very productive. Helena is the co. scat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 3,180 bush.; Indian- corn, 2n3,849bush.; oats, 2,675bush.; Irish pot's, 654 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,371 bush.; cotton, 18,- 002 bales ; tobacco, 9,000 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,943,465. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,935,109. Value of manufactures, $161,201. Phillips, tn. in Hot Springs Co., Ark. Pop., 239. Phillips, tn. in Franklin co.. Me. Pop., 1,373. Phillips, new co. in Kang., N. part. Area 900 sq. mis. It borders in the N. on Nebr.; has a rolling surface, consisting chiefly of prairies ■with a fertile soil, and is drained by the Solo- mon R. The N. E. corner of the co. is inter- sected by Prairie Dog Cr., an affluent of the Republican Fork of the Kansas R. *PhiIlips, p. V. in the above tn., 16 mis. from Farmington. Phillip's Bayon, p. o. in Phillips co.. Ark. Phillipsburgh, p. o. and the co. seat of Pliillips CO., Kans. Phillipsburgh, p. o. in Laclede co.. Mo. Phillipsburgh, tn. in Warren co., N. J. Pop., 5,932. ♦Phillipsburgh, p. v. in AVari-en co., N. J., on Delaware R., opposite Easton, Pa., and on the Morris & Essex R. R., the Central R. R. of New Jersey, the Lehigh & Susquehanna R. R., and the Belvidere Delaware R. R. Has large manufacturing interests, especially in iron. One newspaper. Phillip's Creek, p. o. in Allegany co., N. T. Phillipsport, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 7 rals. from Ellcnville. Pop. about 500. Phillipston, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 693. Phillipston, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. W.. of Otter River. Phillip's Store, p. o. in Surry CO., Va. Phillipstown, p. o. in White co., 111., 8 mis. from Car mi. Phillipstown, tn. in Putnam CO., N. Y. Pop., .5,117. Phillipsville, p. o. in Eric co.. Pa. Phllmout, p. V. in Columbia co., N. Y., on the New York & Harlem R. R., 9 mis. S. of Chath- am Village. Pop., 699. Philo, tn. in Cliampaign CO., 111. Pop., 1,184. Philo, p. V. in the above tn., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 5% mis. E. of To- lono. Pop., 291. Philo, p. o. in the v. of Taylorsville, in Mus- kingum CO., Ohio, 9 mis. S. of Zanesville. Philomath, p. o. in Benton co., Oreg. Philomont, p. v. in Loudoun co.,Va., IS^mla. W. by S. of Leesburgh. Philopolis, p. o. in the v. of Sparks, in Balti- more CO., Md., on the Northern Central R. it, Pliilpott, p. o. in Daviess co., Ky. Philson, p. o. in Somerset CO., Pa. Phil i^heridau, tu. in Wallace co., Kans. Pop., 80. Phippsbnrgh, tn. in Sagadahoc co.. Me. Pop., 1,344. Phippsburgh, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Bath. Phoenicia, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., on the New York, Kingston & Syracuse R. R., 27 mis. from Rondout. Pop. about 200. Phcenix, tn. in Henry co., 111. Pop., 793. Phoenix, p. v. and the co. seat of Maricopa CO., Ariz., in the valley of Salt R., 110 mis. N. W. of Tucson. Phoenix, p. o. in Douglas co.. 111. Phoenix, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., on the Northern Central R. R., 2% mis. N. of Cockeys- ville. Phoenix, p. v. in Keweenaw co., Mich., 2 mis. E. of Eagle River. Phoenix, p.' v. in Oswego co., N. Y., on the Oswego R. and Canal, near the line of the Os- wego Midland R. R., 16 mis. N. W. of Syracuse. The river atfords fine water-power, which is employed in manufacturmg. Pop., 1,418. One newspaper. Phoenix, p. o. in Brunswick co., N. C. Phoenix, p. o. in Ashtabula CO., Ohio. Phoenix, p. v. in Jackson co., Oreg., 8 mla. from Jacksonville. Phoenix, p. o. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Phcenix, p. o. in Abbe^'ille district, S. C. Phoenix Mills, p. o. in Otsego co., N. Y. Phoenix Mine, p. o. in Napa co., Cal. Phoenixvillc, p. v. in Windham co.. Conn., 3 mis. W. of AVnngdon. *Phoenixville, p. borough in Chester co.. Pa., on the Schuylkill R. at mouth of French Cr., and on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R. at junction of Pickering Valley R. R.; also on Schuylkill Navigation Company's Canal, 27 mis. N. W. of Philadelphia. Seat of exten- sive manufactories of iron, cotton and ma- chinery. The rolling mills and iron furnaces of the PhcBiiix Iron Company rank as the largest in the United States. Pop., 5,292. Two newspapers. Piankatank, tn. in Matthews co., Va. Pop., 2,024. Piankatank River, in Va. ; traverses the peninsula between the Rappahanock and York Rs., in a south-easterlj' direction, and empties into Chesapeake B. Piasa, p. V. in Macoupin co.. 111., on the Rock- ford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 43^ mis. S. of Madora. Piatt, CO. in 111., central part. Area, 275 sq. nils. Pop., 10,953: in I860, 6,127. The surface is level ; the soil fertile. It is intersected by the North Fork of the Sangamon R., and by the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., which traverses it from E. to W. Monticello is the CO, seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 66,144 hush.; rye, 9,248 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,029,725 bush.; oats, 130,610 bush.; Irish pot's, 33,675 bush.; sweet pot's, 721 bush.; buttei-, 106,476 lbs.; hay, 9,455 tons. Cash value of farms, S3,.530,998. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,089,661. Value of manufaclures, $44,284. PIATT. 713 PIERCE. Piatt, tn. in Lycomm«j co., Pa. Pop., 493. Plcacho, p. o.'iu Monterey co., Cal. Picfeard's Mill, p. o. in Clinton co., Ind. PicKaway, tn. in Shelby co.. III. Pop., 728. Pickaway, co. in Ohio, S. central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 24,875; in 1860, 23,469. The Scioto 11. flows through it from N. to S. It is also drained bj- the vValnut and Big Darby Cra. The surface is undulating and the soil re- markably fertile. The Cincinnati & Zanes- ville K. R. intersects tho co. from B. to W. Circleville is the co. seat. Agr. productions In 1870 : Wheat, 445,346 bush.; rye, 22,161 bush. ; Indian-corn, 2,367,598 bush.; oats, 95,008 bush.; Irish pot's, 72,654 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,143 bush.; butter, 301,290 lbs.; hay, 11,399 tons. Cash value of farms, $21,538,927. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $4,215,401. Value of manu- factures, $669,181. Pickaway, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,632. Pickens, co. in Ala., W. part. Area about 970 sq.mls. Pop., 17,690 ; in 1860, 22,316. It borders in the \V. on the state of Miss., and in the S. on the Tonibigbee R., with its tributary tho Sipsey. The surface is hilly and rolling, the soil mostljr productive. Lubbub Cr., an afflu- ent of the Tombigbee, intersects the co. from N. to S. CarroUton is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 5,214 bush.; rye, 36 bush.; Indian-corn, 254,251 bush.; oats, 11,686 bush.; Irish pot's, 744 bush.; sweet pot's, 19,662 bush.; cotton, 8,263 bales; butter, 28,482 lbs.; hay, 61 tons. Cash value of farms, $799,78.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 078,978. Value of manufactures, $119,573. Pickens, co. in Ga., X. part. Area, 300 sq. m.ls. Pop., 5,317 ; in 1860, 4,951. It is elevated and has a mountainous surface. It is drained by afiiuents of the Etowah and Coosawattee Rs. The soil of the valleys is productive. Jasper is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870; Wheat, 25,269 bush.; rye, 682 bush.: Indian- corn, 191,447 busli.; oats, 3,850 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,360 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,816 bush.; cotton, 14,739 bales; butter, 46,914 lbs.; hay, 172 tons. Cash value of farms, $223,894. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $284,168. Value of manufactures, $.54,203. Pickens, district in S. C, N. W. part. Area about 520 sq. mis. Pop., 10.269 ; in 1860, 19,639. The Blue Ridge extends along the northern border, the Keowee R. forms the western boundary and the Saluda R. the eastern. The surface is rolling and has a general slope from N. to S.; the soil is fertile. The Blue Ridge R. R. intersects the southern extremity of the district. Pickens Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 20,930 bush.: rye, 2,864 bush.; Indian-corn, 214,759 bush.; oats, 8,277 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,719 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,523 bush.; cotton, 489 bales; rice, 2,300 lbs ; butter, 55,676 lbs. Cash value of farms, $808,- 357. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including adtlitions to stock, etc., $425,631. Value of manufactures, $100,051. Pickens Court House, p. v. and the co. seat of the above district, on Keowee R., 20 mis. W. of Greenville. Has water-power,manufactures and situated in a productive mineral region. One newspaper. Pickens' Station, p. v. in Holmes co., Miss., on the Mississippi Central R. R. Pickensville, p. v. in Pickens co., Ala., 22 mis. from Macon, Miss. Pickensville, p. v. in Pickens district, S. C, 15 mis. E. of Pickens Court House, the co. seat. Pop., 1,223. Pickerel Liake, tn. in Freeborn co., Minn. Pop., 337. Pickereltown, p. v. in Logan co., Ohio, 5 mis. from West Liberty. Pickering, p. o. in Nodaway co., Mo. Pickering, p. v. in Chester co., Pa., 314 mis. from Phoenixville. Pickering'ton, p. v. in Fairfield CO., Ohio, 5 mis. N. E. of Winchester. Pickett's Station, p. o. in Jackson co., Aik- Pickettville, p. o. in Gibson co., Tenn. Pickwick, p. V. in Winona CO., Minn., 3J^ mis. from Lamoille. Picolata, p. o. in St. Johns co., Fla. Picture Rocks, p. v. in Lj-coming CO., Pa., 10 mis. N. E. of Muncy Station. Piedmont, p. v. in Wayne co.. Mo., on Iron Mountain R. R., 112 mis. S. of St. Louis. A trade center for agricultural and lumber-pro- ducing surroundings. One newspaper. Piedmont, tn. in Mineral co., W. Va. Pop., 1,785. *Piedmont, p. v. in the above tn., on the Po- tomac R., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., and at the terminus of the Cumberlaud & Penn- sylvania R. 11., 15 mis. S. W. of Cumberland. Pop., 1,366. One newspaper. Peidmout, p. o. in Uintah co., AVyo. Ter. Piednioutjtn. in Rappahannock CO., Va., Poo.. 1,634. ^' Piedmont Station, p. v. in Fauquier co., Va., on the Manassas Branch of the Orange, Alex- dna & Manassas R. R., 61 mis. from Alexan- dria. Pop. about 50. Pierce, co. in Ga.. S. E. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 2,778; in 1860, 1,973. The Little Sa- tilla R. forms the N. E. boundary, and the Sa- tilla traverses the co. from W. to E., receiving Big Hurricane Cr. and other small tributaries. The surface is low and mostly level. Along some of the rivers there extend swamps. The Atlantic & Gulf R. R. intersects the co. Black- shear is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 33,896 bush.; oats, 14,506 bush.; Irish pot's, 143 bush.; sweet pot's, 30,960 bush.; cotton, 250 bales; rice, 56,370 lbs.; but- ter, 5,901 lbs. Cash value of farms, $91,185. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $113,641. Value of manufactures, $314,429. Pierce, tn. in Uc Kalb co., 111. Pop., 1,003. Pierce, p. o. in Will co.. 111. Pierce, p. o. in Callaway co.. Mo. Pierce, tn. in Washington Co., Ind. Pop., 1,179. Pierce, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 430. Pierce, tn. in Morrison co., Minn. Pop., 151. Pierce, tn. in Stone co., Mo. Pop., 781. Pierce, tn. in Texas co.. Mo. Pop., 366. Pierce, co. in Nebr. N. E. part. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 152. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. Tho co. is drained by affluents of the Elkhorn R. and will be in- tersected by the Elkhorn & Missouri Valley R. R. and the Omaha & Northwestern li. R. Pierce is the co. seat. Pierce, p. v. and the co. seat of the above Co., 23 mis. X. W. of Clinton. Pierce, tn. in Clermont co., Ohio. Pop., 1,377. Pierce, p. v. in Stark co., Ohio, 6 mis. from Mineral Point. Pierce, p. o. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Pierce, co. in Wash. Tor., central part. Pop., 1,409; in 1860, 1,115. It extends from the crest of the Cascade Mt., in the E., to Puget Sound, m the W.; is drained by Puyallop R., and bounded on the S. by Nisqually R. The western part consists mainly of prairie land. Its eastern is broken and mountainous, at- taining the greatest elevation in Mt. Rainier. Steilacoom City is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 9,181 bush.; rye, 714 bush.; oats, 14,399 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,396 bush.; but- ter, 19,535 lbs.; hay, 1,304 tons. Cash value of farms, $175,250. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including adilitions to stock, etc., $76,570. Value of manufactures. $.35,722. Pierce, CO. in Wis., W. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 9,958 ; in 1860, 4,672. The surface consists of prairies and forests. It is bounded on UxQ PIERCE. 714 PIKE. W. by the Mississippi R. and one of its tribu- taries, the St. Croix K. Tlie Mississippi also forms most of tlieS. W. boundary. The soil is generally productive. i<;ilsworth is tiie eo. seat. Agr. protluctions in 1870 : Wheat, 331,- 129 bush.; rye, 2,715 bush.; Indian-corn, tt Mississippi R. R., 20 mis. W. of Aurora. Pierceville, p. o. in Van Buren co., Iowa. Pierceville, p. o. in Secpxoj'ah co., Kans. Pierceville, p. o. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Pierinont, tn. in Grafton eo., N. H. Pop., 792. Picriuont, p. v. in the above tn., 21/^ m^ls. Irom Bradfortl, V t. Pieriuont, p. v. in Rockland co., N. Y., on the Hudson R. and the Piermont Branch of the Erie. 11. R. and the Northern New Jersey R. R., 25 mis. from New York. It has a large depot and the machine shops of the railroad company. Pop., 1,703. Pieroe Mount, a high pk. in the Coast Mts. of Humboldt CO., Cal.; is over (i,000 feet high. Pierpoiit, p. o. in Manistee co., Mich. Pierpoiit, tn. in Ashtabulaco., Ohio. Pop., 990. Pierpoiit, p. V. in the above tn., 14J^ mis. from Conneaul. Pierrcpont, tn. In. St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., •J,3!)l. Pierrepojit, p. v. iii the above tn., 9mls. E. of Canton. Pierrepoiit Mjinor, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., on the Rome, Waterlown & Ogdensburgh R. R., 11% mis. N. of Richland. Pierrun, p. o. in Madison co.. 111. Pierson, tn. in Vigo co., Ind. Pop., 1,489. Picrsoii, tn. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., 755. Picrsou, p. V. in the above tn., on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 15 mis. N. of Rock- ford. Pierson's IMtills, v. in Putnam co., Fla. Pop., 120. PiersB, p. o. in Morrison CO., Minn. Pillard, p. o. in the v. of Pitfardinia, in Liv- ingston CO., N. Y., on the Genesee Valley Canal, 3 mis. N. W. of Geneseo. Pl|;'eon, p. o. in Jefferson co.. 111. Pigeon, tn. in Warrick co., Ind. Pop., 1,646. Pig'con, tn. in Vanderburgh eo., Ind. Pop., 8 75. Pigeon Cove, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., on the Ailantic Coast, l]^ mle. from Rockport. Pigeon Creek, p. o. in Butler co.. Ala. Pigeon Creek Centre, p. o. in Jackson CO., Wis. Pigeon Forge, p. o. in Sevier Co., Tenn. Pigeon Hill, tn. in Union co., Ark. Pop., 236. Pigeon It ill, p. o. in the above tn. Pigeon Kiver, a tribntary of the Sepulga R., in Ala.; rises in Butler co. and empties near iJrooklyn, Pigeon River, tn. in Lake co., Minn. Pop., 16. Pigeon River, p. o. in the above tn. Pigeon River, p. o. in Haywood CO., N. C. Pigeon Rnn, p. o. in Campbell eo., Va. Pigeon Valley, p. o. in Haj'wood eo., N. C. Pigg River, tn. in Pittsylvania co., Va. Pop., 2,686. Pig River, a tributary of the Staunton R., in Franklin and Pittsylvania cos., Va.; rises in the Blue Ridge and has an easterly course. Pig River, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Pike, CO. in Ala., S. part. Area about 750 sq. mis. Pop., 17,423; in 1860, 24,4:». The surface is mostly level ; soil sandy and but moderate- ly productive. Large tracts are covered with pine forests. The Pea R. forms the eastern boundary. The Conecuh R. drains the west- ern part'of the co. Troy is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 309,965 bush.; oats, 4,416 hush.; sweet pot's, 64,451 bush.; but- ter, 21,725 lbs.; cotton, 7,192 bales ; hay, 845 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,314,779. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,284,584. Value of manufactures, $;38,132. Pike, CO. in Ark., S. W. part. Area, 655 sq. mis. Pop., 3,788 ; in 1860, 4,02.5. The surface is hilly and in some parts mountainous. The valleys are low and contain fertile bottom- lands. The Little Missouri R. inter.sects the CO. from N. W. to S. E., and then forms part of the southern boundary. It receives An- toine Cr. and Falling Cr. Murfreesborough is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 2,700 bush.; Indian-corn, 122,358 bush.; oats, 3,275 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,985 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,842 bush.; tobacco, 2,474 lbs.; cotton, 1,109 bales. Cash value of farms, $200,697. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $233,- 889. Value of manufactures, $25,262. Pike, CO. in Ga., W. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 10,905; in 1860, 10,078. The Flint R. forms the western boundary, and its tributa- ries drain the co. The northern part is level ; the southern hilly. The soil is productive, Zebulon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 30,135 bush.; rye, 195 bush.; In- dian corn, 182,045bush.; oats, 18,368 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,715 bush.; sweet pot's, 24,745 bush.; but- ter, 51,116 lbs.; cotton, 5,676 bales. Cash value of farms, $1,073,293. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $954,712. Value of manufac- tures, $227,606. Pike, CO. in HI., W. part. Area, 750 sq. mis. Pop., 30,768; in 1860, 27,249. Tlie surface is mainly prairie land ; the soil productive. The CO. is drained by several small creeks flowing Into the Mississippi R., which separates it on the W. from Missouri. The Illinois R. bounds it on the E. The Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R. intersects the co. Pittsfield is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,057,- 627 bush.; rye, 25,303 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,399,- 188 bush ; oats, 161,419 bush.; Irish pot's, 54,736 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,481 hush.; butter, 385,672 lbs.; hay, 17,216 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,508,922. Total, estimated, valueof all fariu productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,118,376. Value of manufactures, $1,415,577. Pike, tn. in Livingston co., 111. Pop., 847. Pike, CO. in Ind., S. W. part. Area, 300 sq. mis. Pop., 10,844 ; in 1860. 10,078. The surface is either rolling or level. The co. is intersected bv Wright Cr., and borders in tlie N. on East Fork of White R. Petersbui-gh is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. 167,262 bush.; rye, 493 bush.; Indian-corn, 566,709 bush.; oats, 53,084 bush.; Irish pot's, 21,624 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,038 bush.; butter, 121,671 lbs.; hay, 4,067 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,825,819. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in. cludingadditions to stock, etc., $937,0(18. Value of manufactures, $169,148, PIKE. 715 PILOT GROVE. Pifce, tn in Jay co., Ind. Pop., 1,585. Pike, tn. in Mkrion co. , Inrt. Pop., '2,200. Pike, tn. in Ohio co., Inil. Pop., !)21. Pike, tn. in Warren co., Ind. Pop., 911. Pike, tn. In Muscatine co., Iowa. Pop., 740. Pike, tn. in Lyon co., Kans. Pop., 693. Pike, CO. in Ivy., E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 9,562; in" 1860, 7,384. Tlie surface is un- even ; tlie soil fertile. Bituminous coal is abundant. The co. is separated from W. Va , on the N. E^ by the Big Sandy R., wliich is navigable. The Cumberland Mts., on the S. E., separate it from Va. It is intersected and drained by affluents of the Big Sandy. Pilje- ton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 13,401 bush.; rye, '2,29-2 bush.; Indian- corn, 33'2,802 busli.; oats, 25,0:55 bush.; Irisli pot's, 23,244 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,607 bush.; butter, 81,966 lljs.; hay, 247 tons. Cash value of farms, $854,777. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $522,734. Value of manufactures, $11,417. Pike, CO. in Miss., S. part. Area about 580 sq. mis. Pop., 11,303 ; in 1860, 11,135. It has a low and level surface and a highly productive soil. The Bogue Chitto R., a tributary of the Pearl, and the Tangipahoa R., intersect the CO. and with their amuents drain it. Holmes- viUe is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn,151,89I bush.; oats,3,386 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,2S5 bush.; sweet pot's, 28,.546 bush.; cot- ton, 4,133 bales ; butter, 8,253 lbs. Cash value of farms, $635,414. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $575,419, Value of manufactures, $103,648. Pike, CO. in Mo., E. N. E. part. Pop., 23,076 ; in 1860, 18,417. It is bordered on the K. E. by the Mississippi R., M'hich receives Salt R., Cuivre R. and other small affluents. The sur- face is undulating and quite rough along the streams. The uplands consist of prairies ; the bottom-lands are heavily timbered. The soil is productive. The Chicago, Alton & St. Louis R. R. passes through the co. Bowling Gi'een is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 439,009 bush.; rye, 1,190 bush.; In- dian-corn, 699,522 bush.; oats, 232,828 bush.; Irish pot's, 25,905 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,452 bush.: tolxicco, 632,552 lbs.; butter, 2.53,545 lbs.; hay, 12,489 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,256,252. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,- 052,574. Value of manufactures, $1,685,857. Pike, tn. in Stoddard co.. Mo. Pop., 1,421. Pike, tn. in Wyoming co., N. Y. Pop., 1,730. *Pike, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Port- age. Pop., 551. Pike, CO. in Ohio, S. part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 15,447 ; in 1860, 13,643. Surface hilly and soil fertile. The Scioto R. and the Ohio & Erie Canal pass through the co. from N. to S. Waverlv is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 62,815 bush.; rye, 4,.589 bush.; In dian-corn, 740,557 bush.; oats, 108,178 bush.; Irish pot's, 57,957 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,172 bush.; butter, 215,631 lbs.; hay, 6,446 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,939,154. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $979,376. Value of manufactures, $414,637. Pike, tn. in Clark co., Ohio. Pop., 1,.5S2. Pike, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 773. Pike, tn. in Fulton co., Ohio. Pop., 878. Pike, tn. in Knox co., Ohio. Pop., 1,301. Pike, In. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 394. Pike, tn. in Perry co., Ohio. Pop., 2,319. Pike, tn. in Stark co., Ohio. Pop., 1,333. Pike, CO. in Pa., E. part. Area about 620 sq. mis. Pop., 8,436 ; in 1860, 7,155. The Delaware B. forms the eastern boundary, separating the CO. from N. J. Bushkill Cr. "forms part of the southern boundary. The streams inter- eectdng the co. are Lacka waxen Cr., Shohola Cr. and Dingman's Cr. The surface is rolling and in some parts hilly ; the soil but moder- ately productive. The Delaware & Hudson Canal passes through the co. Milford is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 6,004 bush.; rye, 22,369 bush.; oats, 28,654 bush.; Indian-corn, 56,815 bush.; Irish pot's, 71,910 bush.; butter, 161,179 lbs.; hav, 8,974 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,213,325. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $487,387. Value of manu- factures, $692,313. Pike, tn. in Bradford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,814. Pike, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 925. Pike, tn. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop., 1,13S. Pike, tn. in Potter co.. Pa. Pop., 184. Pike Creek, tn. in Shannon co.. Mo. Pop., 1.55. Pike Mills, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. Pike Pond, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Cocliecton. Pike Rapids, p. o. in Morrison co., Minn. Pike Road, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ala. Pike Run, p. v. in Washington co.. Pa. , on the Monoiigahela R. 6 mis. below Brownsville. Pike's Peak, one of the highest summits of the Rocky Mts., in El Paso co., Colo. Ter. Al- titude, 11,497 feet. Pike's Peak, p. o. in Brown co., Ind. Pike's Peak, p. o. in Deer Lodge co., Mont. Ter. Pike Station, p. v. in Wayne co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. B., 10 mis. W. of Wailsworth. Pikesvllle, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., 8 mis. from Baltimore. Piketon, p. v. and the co. seat of Pike co., Ky., 63 mis. N. W. of Abingdon, Va. Piketon, p. v. in Stoddard co.. Mo., 21 mis. S. W. of Allenville, on the St. Louis & Iron Moun- tain 11. R., 43 mis. S. E. of Frederickton. Pike, p. V. in Pike co., Ohio, on the Scioto R 21 mis. S. of Chillicothe. Pop., 638. Pikeville, p. v. and the co. seat of Marion co., Ala., on the Buttahatchie R., 53 mis. S. S. W. of Tuscumbia. Pikeville, p. o. in Pike co., Ind. Pikeville, p. v. in Wayne co., X. C, 9 mis. N of Goldsborough. Pikeville, p. o. in Darke Co., Ohio. Pikeville, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Pikeville, p. v. and the co. seal of Bledsoe CO , Tenn., 35 mis. E. of MclNlinnville. Pop., 18^. Piland's Store, p. o. in Ozark co.. Mo. Pilatka, p. v. and theco. seat of Putnam co., Fla., on St. John's R., 30 mis. S. W. of St. Au- gustine; center of a cotton-growing and sugar- producing region. Pop., 720. One newspaper. Piloher, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, 10 mis. S. of Belmont. Piles CJrove, tn. in Salem co., N. J. Pop., 3,38.5. Pilg-riin's Rest, p. o. In Fayette co., Ala. Pillar Point, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., on Lake Ontario, 6 mis. S. W. of Limerick. Pillow, p. o. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pilot, tn. in Kankakee co.. 111. Pop., 1,140. Pilot, tn. in Vca-million co.. 111. Pop., 1,332. Pilot, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Dau- ville. Pilot, tn. in Iowa co., Iowa. Pop., 623. Pilot, p. o. in Montgomery co., Va. Pilot Centre, p. o. in Kankakee co., 111. Pilot drove, tn. in Hancock co., 111. Pop., 1,217. Pilot Grove, p. v. in Newton co., Ind., 15 mis. from Kentland. Pilot Orove, p. v. in Lee co., Iowa, 183^ mis. N. \V. of Fort Madison. Pilot Grove, tn. in Faribault co., Mmn. Pop., 390. Pilot Grove, p. o. in the above tn. Pilot Grove, tn. in Cooper co., Mo. Pop. 1,086. PILOT GROVE. ■16 PINE GROVE. Pilot GroTC, p. V. in Cooper co., Ho., 11 mis. S. W. of Uoouville. Pilot Orove, tii. in Moniteau co., Mo. Pop., 1.0-24. Pilot Grove, p. y. in Grayson co., Tex., 13 mis. from Siierinau, Pilot Hill, p. V. in El Dorado co., Cal., 6 mis. from Auburn. Pilot Hill, p. o. in Washington co., Tenn. Pilot Knob, p. o. in Crawford co., lud. Pilot Knob, p. o. in Todd co., Ky. *Pilot Knob, p. v. in Iron co.. Mo., on the Arkansas Bi-anch of the St. Louis & Iron Mountain K. R., 2 mis. from Ironton, the co seat. Pop., 581. Pilot Knob, p. o. in Greene co., Tenn. Pilot Knob, p. o. in Adams co.. Wis. Pilot Mound, tn. in Boone co., Iowa. Pop., 747. Pilot Mound, p. o. in the above tn. Pilot Mound, in. in Fillmore co., Minn. Pop., 94.'i. Pilot Mound, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Rushford. Pilot Mountain, p. o. in Stokes co., N. C. Pilot Point, p. V. in Denton co., Tex., 17 mis. from Dt^'uton. Pilot Rock, tn. in Johnson co., Ark. Pop., 154. Pilot Rock, tn. in Cherokee CO., Iowa. Pop., •280. Pilot Rock, p. o. in the above tn. Pilot Rock, p. o. in Umatilla CO., Oreg. Piuia, CO. in Ariz. Ter., S. E. part. Area about 28,000 sq. mis. Pop.,. 5,716. The Gila R. forms the northern boundary, and r-eceives in this CO. the following tributaries : Rio San Domingo, Rio San Pedro, with the Rio Ara- vaypa and Rio Santa Cruz. The eastern part of the CO. is elevated and mountainous, being intersected by tlie Peloncillo Mts., the Pina- lenno Mts., Sierra Portalita, Sierra Santa Catavina and other chains. TJie western part is lower, but also traversed by mountain ranges, as the Quijotoa, Ajo, Esperanza and Gila ranges. Farming is carried on in some parts of the Gila Valley by means of irriga- tion. Mining and stock raising are the prin- cipal occupations. Tucson, the capital of the territory, is tlie co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, '27,0-52 bush.; Indian-corn, 32,011 bush.; oats, 25 bush.; Irish pot's, 575 bush.; sweet pot's, 16 bush.; butter, 800 lbs.; liay, 25 tons. Cash value of farms, $151,840. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $209,- 3S;5. Value of manufactures, ij<12'.),710. Pimento, p. o. in the v. of Hartford, in Vi- go CO., Ind., on the Evansville & Crawfords- ville R. R. Pinaleno Mountains, a chain in the E. part of Pima CO., Ariz. Ter.; tren^ mis. from Centroville. Pin Hook Landing, p. o. in Meigs co., Tenn. Pink Hill, p. v. in Jackson co.. Mo., 18 mis. E. of Independence. Pink Hill, p. o. in Lenoir co., N. C. Pinkley ville, p. o. in Oregon co.. Mo. Pinkney, tn. in Warren co.. Mo. Pop., 1,018. Pink Prairie, p. o. in Henry co.. 111. Pinnellville, p. o. in Jones co., Miss. Pino, p. V. in Placer co., Cal., on the Sacramen- to Division of the Central Pacific R. R., 24 mis. E. of Sacramento. Pop., 191. Pin Oak, p. o. in Wayne co.. 111. Pin Oak, p. o. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pin Oak, p. o. in Warren co.. Mo. Pin Oak, p. o. in Fayette co., Tex. Pinoii Mountains, a range in Lander co., Nov.; trentling along the llUth meridian "W. of Crcenwich, between Huntington Or. on the E. and Cedar Cr. on the W. Pinos Altos, p. o. and the co. seat of Grant CO., N. Mex. Ter., 120 nils. W. of Mesilla. Pinson, p. v. in Madison co., Tenn., on the Moliile & Ohio R. R. ll^mLs. S. E. of Jackson. Pinto, p. o. in Iron co.. Utah Ter. Pintola, p. o. in Montgomery co., AIBh. Piny, p. o. in Clarion co., Pa. PIOCHE. 718 PITTSBURGH. Pioche, tn. in Lincoln co., Nev. Pop., 1,620. JPioche, p. V. in the iibove tn. and the co. seat, 100 nils. S. E. of Hamilton and neai- the Utah Ter. line, llicli mines are in the vicinitj', of which it is the center of snpplies, making; it a place of activity and rapid growtli. Pop., 1,144. One newspaper. Pioneer, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., 1,622. Pioneer, p. v. in Deer Lodge co., Mont. Ter., on Ilellgate R., 15 mis. below Deer Lodge City. ♦Pioneer, p. v. in Williams co., Ohio, 15 mis. from Bryan. Pop., 338. Pioneer, p. v. in Venango co.. Pa., on the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., 36 mis. from Corry. Pioneer, p. o. in Clarke co.. Wash. Ter. Pioneer Iflills, p. v. in Caliarrus co., N. C, 7^^ nils E. of Harris Depot. Pioneerville, p. o. in Boise CO., Idaho Ter. Pipe Creels, tn. in Madison co., Ind. Pop., 2,300. Pipe Creels, tn. in Miami co., Ind. Pop., 1,227. Piper City, p. v. in Ford co., 111., on the Tole- do, Peoria & AVarsaw R. R., 11 mis. W. of Gil- man. Piper's Gap, tn. in Carroll co., Va. Pop., 1,605. Piper's Gap, p. o. in the above tn. Pipersville, p. o. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pipersville, p. v. in Jefferson co., Wis., 6 mis. from AVatertown. Pipestone, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., 1,379. Pipestone, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Benton Harbor. Pipesville, p. o. in Knox co., Ohio. *Piqna, city in ISIiaini co., Ohio, on Miami R. and Miami & Erie Canal, at intersection of Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. with the Cincinnati, Dayton & Michigan R. R., 12 mla. from Sidney. A place of active trade and considerable manufacturing interests. Pop., 5,967; in 1860. 4,598. Two newspapers. Pireway Ferry, p. o. in Columbus co., N. C. Piscataqna River is formed by the conflu- ence of the Salmon Falls and Cocheco Rs., in Strafford co., N. H., and flowing in a general S. S. E. direction empties into the Atlantic Ocean 3 mis. below Portsmouth. It forms part of the boundary between Me. and N. H.; drains an area of 550 sq. mis. Piscataquis, co. in Me., N. central part. Area about 2,ii50 sq. mis. Pop., 14,403 ; in 1860, 15,032. The Penobscot R. flows through the co. from W. to E., forming Chesuncook Lake and Pa- medemcook Lake. It intersects the belt of liighlands which occupy the central part of tile CO. The northern part includes the head waters of the AUegash R., passing through Chamberlain and other lakes. Moosehead Lake lies in the western part and extends into Somerset co., and the southern part is drained by Piscataquis R. and its tributary Pleasant R. Mt. Katahdin is the loftiest of the many pks. of the CO., and rises in the highland belt N. of the Penobscot. The river valleys are generally fertile. Dover is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 12,276 bush.; rye, 112 bush.; Indian-corn, 36,142 bush.; oats, 140,- 652 bush.; Irish pot's, 352,915 bush.; butter, 420,362 lbs.; hay, 41,187 tons. Cash value ot farms, $2,940,458. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc.. .$1,266,909. Principal products of industry: Woollen goods,$416,073. Total value of manufactures, $759,295. Piscataquis River, a tributary of the Penob- scot R.; rises in Somerset co.. Me., flows E. through Piscataquis co., and empties near Howland. It drains an area of 1,276 sq. mis., and has a length of 71 mis. Piscataway, tn. in Middlesex co., 'N. J. Pop., 2,757. Piscataway, p. v. in Prince George's co.,Md., 23 m.ls. frorn Washington, D. C. Pisg^ati, p. o. in Morgan co.. 111. Pisg'ah, p. o. in Catahoula parish, La. Pisgah, p. o. in Charles co., Md. Pis^ah, p. V. in Cooper co., Mo., 7 mis. N. of Clarksburgh. Pisgali, p. V. in Butler co., Ohio, 6 mis. E. of Jones Station. Pisg'ali, p. o. in Giles co., Tenn. Pistaon's Ferry, p. v. in Kennebec co., Me., on the Kennebec R. and Portland & Kenne- bec R. R., 8 mis. N. of Kendall's Mill.s. Pitcairn, tn.-in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 667. Pitcairn, p. o. in the above tn. Pitcher, tn. in Cherokee co., Iowa. Pop., 14t. Pitclier, tn. in Chenango CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,124. Pitcher, p. v. in the above tn., 19 mis. E. of Cortland. Pitcher Springs, p. o. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pitcherville, p. o. in Jo Daviess co.. 111. Pitch Lianding, p. v. in Hertford co., N. C, 50 mis. K. of Weldon. *Pit Hole Clty,p.bor. inVenango co.. Pa., on the Pithole Branch of the Oil Creek & Alle- ghany River ii. R., 7 mis. N. of Oleopolis. Pop.. 2.37. Pitman, p. o. in Randolph co., Ai-k. Pitman Grove, p. o. in Gloucester co., N. J. Pitt, tn. in Wyandot co., Ohio. Pop., 991. Pitt, CO. in N. C, E. central part. Pop., 17,276 ; in 1860, 16,080. Tar R. intersects the co. from N. W. to S. E. The surface is level and extensive- ly covered by pine forests. The soil is sandy and not very fertile. Greenville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 11,397 bush.; rye, 343 bush.; Indian-corn, 498,662 bush.; oats, 7,635 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,823 bush.; sweet pot's, 71,735 bush.; cotton, 8,814 bales ; butter, 6,782 lbs.; hay, 2,859 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,896,965. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,437,592. Value of manufactures, $178,- 735. Plttmansville, v. in Taylor co., Ky. Pitt River, the largest "branch of the Sacra- mento R. in Cal.: rises in Warner's Range, in the N. E. corner of the state, and flows S. W. through Siskiyou, Lassen and Shasta cos. In the latter co. it joins the Sacramento near Stillwater. Pitts, p. o. In Warren co.. Mo. Pittsburgh, tn. in Johnson co., Ark. Pop., 9,")9. Pittsburgh, v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Clarksville. Pittsburgh, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 400. Pittsborough, p. v. in Hendricks co., Ind., on the Indiana Division of the Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. R., 18 mis. from Indianapolis. Pop., 201. Pittsborough, p. v. and the co. seat of Cal- houn CO., Miss., 23 mis. N. W. of Grenada. ♦Pittsborough, p. v. and the co. seat ol Chatham co., N. C, llj.^ mis. N. W. of Hay- wood. Pittsburgh, p. V. in Carroll co., Ind., on the Wabash H. 1)4 mis. \V. of Delphi. Pop., 320. Pittsburgh, p. v. in Van Buren co., Iowa, on the Des Moines R., 5 mis. S. W. of Mount Zion. Pittsburgh, p. o. in Mitchell co., Kans. Pittsburgh, p. V. in Shiawasse co., Mich., 9 ml.-', from Corunna. Pittsburgh, i>. o. in Hickory co.. Mo. Pittsburgh, p. o. in Seward co., Nebr. Pittsburgh, p. o. in Coos co., N. H. ♦Pittsburgh, city and the co. seat of Alle- ghany CO., Pa., at the junction of tlie Monon- gahela and Alleghanj' Rs.. wlii(;h here unite to form the Ohio.; is the W. terminus of the P(>nnsvlvania R. R.; the N. W. ternunns of the Pittsburgh & Connellsville R. R.; the 8. terminus of the Alleghany Valley R. R., the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R., and the "Cleveland & H 1-3 W PITTSBURGH, 719 PITTSriELD. Pittslmr^h R. R.; the N. terminus of the Bel- laire & Pittsburgh R. R., and tlie E. terminus of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., and of the Pittsburgli, Cincinnati A St. Louis R. R. It is 3.>4 nds. VV. of Philadelphia, 313 mis. E. of Cincinnati and 4G8 mis. E. of Chicago. The city occupies the triangular space between the two streams named above and the hills on the E., which rise from 400 to 500 feet above the level of the Ohio. It was laid out in 1765, on the site of Fort Du Quesne, and was incorporated as a city in 1816. Two bridges connect it with the \V. bank of the Monongahela R., and five bridges with Alle- ghany City, on the N. bank of the Alleghany R. The population was, in 1850, 46,601 ; in 1S60, 49,217 ; in 1870, 86,076, making it the 16th city in size in the Union. The natives of the United States numbered 58,254, and of foreign coun- tries 27,822. The persons engaged in all classes of occupations numbered 29,854, of whom 444 were engaged in agriculture ; 11,077 in per- sonal and professional services (including 123 clergymen, 132 lawyers, 138 physicians, 248 teachers, 2,867 domestic servants and 5,533 laborers); 5,963 In trade and transportation, and 12,370 in manufactures and mining (in- cluding 2,542 iron and steel workers, 1,081 car- penters and joiners, 815 tailors and seam- stresses, 435 blacksmiths, 442 shoemakers, 579 masons and stone-cutters, 235 machinists, 361 painters and varnishers, 323 printers, etc.). The city is substantially and compactly built, and has many fine residences, especially in the eastern part. It is divided into 22 wards, and contains 175 church buildings, the most noteworthy of which are the Cathedral of St. Paul (Roman Catholic); tlie First and Third Presbyterian, and the First Baptist churches. Among the other prominent build- ings are : The Court House, situated opposite the Cathedral; the City Hall, the United States Custom House, the Post-offlce, etc. The Western Penitentiary is an immense and massive structure in the Norman style, which was completed in 1827. The United States Arsenal is located within the limits of the city proper. Pittsburgh is one of the chief commercial cities of the country. The Ohio R. is navi- gable to this point for light draft steamers, which run to all ports of the Ohio and Mis- sissippi Rs. The coal trade amounts to over $10,000,000 annually, and the petroleum trade amounted, from 1863 to 1868, to $56,000,000. Iron and coal are extensively mined in the surrounding country, and support immense foundries and manufacturing establishments. These are located partly within the city limits and partly in the suburbs. It is esti- mated that the manufactories of iron, glass, steel, copper, oil, wood, cotton and brass alone, situated in the citj' and neighborhood, have a combined length of 35 mis. In iron and steel it is the great market of the country. There are over 30 rolling-mills in in the city, 60 iron foundries, 6 steel works, numerous nail works, bloomeries, etc. One of the chief establishments (the American Iron Works of Jones & Lauglilin) covers 17 acres of ground, employs 2,500 hands, and contains 25 steam-engines of 2,750 horse- power. The glass houses are also numerous and ex- tensive, and employ several thousand hands. According to the census of 1370, Alleghany CO. produced manufactureil articles to the value of $88,789,414, and nearly all of this fell to the share of Pittsburgh and its immediate surroundings. The principal products of the CO. were as follows: Agricultural implements, in 12 establishments, $487,770 ; brass founding, in 9 establishments, $849,991 ; i-ectified coal oil, in 20 establishments, $6,950,645; cast-steel, in 6 establishments, $3,485,413 ; ii-ou blooms, in 7 I establishments, $2,923,460; forged and rolled iron, in 33 establishments, $20,101,664; boltSv etc., in 5 establishments, $1,463,795; nails and spikes, in 10 establishments, $3,229,131 ; pig- iron, in 4 establishments, $2,324,000; castings, ill 37 establishments, $3,802,911 ; stoves and heaters, in 9 establishments, $717,670 , tin, cop- per and sheet-iron ware, in 80 establishments, $781,211; engines and boilers, in 31 establish- ments, $2.027,357 ; men's clothing, in 100 estab- lishments, $1,191,213 ; cotton goods, in 4 estab- lishments, $1,205,360 ; drugs and chemicals, in 4 establishments, $1,322,200 ; flour, in 26 mills, $913,723 ; glassware, in 32 establishments, $5,- 832,492 ; furniture, in 33 estalilishments, $743,- 401. The building of steamboats, flat-boats and other river craft is extensively carried on here. The schools of the city bear a deservedly high reputation throughout the Union, and are liberally endowed. Among the higher institutions are to be mentioned the Western Theological Seminarj' of the Presbyterian Church, founded in 1825 ; the Theological Sem- inary of the United Presbyterian Church, es- tablished in 1826 ; the Alleghany Theological Institute, organized in 1840 by the Reformed Presbyterian Church. The public schools were attended, in 1870, by 14,905 children, of whom 13,833 were natives, and 1,022 foreign born. The number of school buildings was 33 ; of teachers, 204 j and the sum expended for teachers' salaries amounted to $121,537. There are 43 papers published in the city, of which the following are the leading dailies: The " Pittsburgh Dispatch," the "Pittsburgh CommerciaV' the " Pittsburgh Gazette," the "Pittsburgh Leader," the "Pittsburgh Chron- icle," the "Pittsburgh Freiheitsfreund" (Ger- man), the "Pittsburgli Post," the "Pitts- burgh Mail," the "Pittsburgh Volksblatt " (German), the "Pittsburgh Repubilkaner " (German). Pittsburgh, p. v. in Upshur co., Tex., 21 mis. from Gilmer. Pittsbnrgrb lianding, p. o. in Hardin co., Tenn. Pitt's Cross Roads, p. o. in Bledsoe co., Tenn. Pittsfield, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop.. 2,799. *Pittsfleld, p. V. in the above tn. and the c© seat, at S. terminus of the Pittsfleld Branch of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 6 mis. S. of Maysville. Has flouring mills, to- bacco and other manufactories, and an im- portant trade in country produce. Pop., 1,621. Two newspapers. Pittsfleld, tn. in Somerset co.. Me. Pop., 1.813. Pittsfield, p. V. in the above tn., on the Maine Central R. R., l»4 mis. N. E. of Kendal's Mills. Pittsfield, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 11.112. *Pittsfield, p. V. in the above tn. and co. seat, on Boston & Albany R. R., at S. terminus of Pittsfleld & North Adams Branch and N. ter- minus of Honsatonic R. R., 53 mis. N. W. of Springfleld. The site of the town is elevated 1,000 feet above the sea. It is handsomely laid out in rectangular streets and numerous orna- mented grounds, upon which front beautiful private residences and various institutions, as churches, the Medical School, Young La- dies' Institute, etc. Here are also several large manufactories of woollen and. cotton goods, machinery, cars, fire-arms, etc. Two newspapers. Pittsfield, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,121. Pittsfield, tn. in Merrimack co., N. H. Pop.. 1,600. Pittsfield, p. V. in the above tn., on the Snn- cook Valley R. R., 19>.^ mis. N. E. of Hookset. Pittsfield, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 1,469. PITTSFIELD. r20 PLAINFIELD, Pittsfield, p. o. in Otsego co., X. Y. Pittslield, til. in Lorain CO., Ohio. Pop., 9S0. Pittsfield, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. from ■\VclliiiKtoii. Pittsflcld, tn. in "Warren CO., Pa. Pop., 1,260. Plttslield, p. V. in tlie above tn., on the Phila- delphia & Erie R. R., 12 mlg. W. of Warren. Pittsfield, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 482. Pittsfield, p. V. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Bethel. Pittsfield, tn. in Brown co.. Wis. Pop., .585. Pittsford, tn. in Bntler co., Iowa. Pop., 512. Plttsford, tn. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop., l.(!75. Pittsford, p. V. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 6^^ mis. W. of Hudson. Pittsford, tn. in Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 1,974. Pittsford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Erie Canal an.l the New York Central R. R., 20^4 mis. N. W. of Canandaigua. Pop., 505. Pittsford, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 2,127. *Pittsford, p. V. in the above tn., on the Rut- land R. R.y 8 mis. N. of Centre Rutland. Pittsford Quarry, p. o. in Rutland co., Vt. Pitt's Grove, tn. in Salem co., S. J. Pop., l,fi(;7. Pitt's Grove, p. v. in the above tn., 114 ™l6- from Dart^'town. Pitt's Point, p. V. in Bullitt co., Ky., 11 mis. from Barilstown Junction. Pittston, tn. in Kennebec CO., Me. Pop., 2,353. Pittstoii, p. V. in the above tn., 1 mle. from Gardner. Pittston, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 4,447. *Pittston, p. borough in the above tn., on the North Branch of the Susquehanna R. and on Lehigh Vallev R. R., and the Lehigh & Sus- ciut'hunna H. R.,at E. terminus of tne Lacka- wanna & Bloomsburgh R. R., 9 mis. S. W. of Scran ton. A rapidly growing borough with large interests in the anthracite coal fields in the vicinity, and the immense trade that flows therefrom. Pop., 0,700; in 1860, 3,667. Three newspapers. Pittstown, p. V. in Hunterdon co., N. J., 1\4 mis, from Lebanon. Pittstown, tn. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Pop., 4,093. Pittstown, p. V. in the above tn., 13 mis. from Troy. Pittsville, p. o. in Wicomico co., Md. Pittsville, p. v. in Johnson co.. Mo., 10 mis. N. of Holden. Pittsville, p. V in Venango co.. Pa., 2 mis. from Rockland Station. Pittsville, p. o. in Fort Bend co., Tex. Pittsvlvs&nia, co. in Va., S. part. Area about 950 s"i. mis. Pop., 31,343 ; in 1860, 32,104. The CO. is intersected by the Dan and Barrister Rs., and bounded on the N. by the Staunton R. The surface is greatly diversified by hills and valleys, and the soil is remarkably produc- tive. Iron and limestone occur in various parts. The Richmond & Danville R. R., passes through the co. Competition, or Pittsylvania Court House, is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1S70: Wheat, 125,359 bush.; rye, 6,832 bush.; Indian-corn, 307,657 bush.; oats, 252,787 bush.; Irish pot's 20,332 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,- 145 bush,; tobacco, 4,282,511 lbs.; butter, 28,189 lbs.; hay, 821 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,- 390,720. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,599,731. Value of manufactures, $1,028,- 377. ♦Pittsylvania Court House, p. o. in the v. of Competition, and the co. seat of the above CO.. 30 nils. N. ot Danville. Pi Ute, CO. in Utah Ter., S. E. part. Pop., 82. The western part includes the valley of the Sevier K., which is bounded by the lotty Wah- satch Mts. on the E., and another range on the W., beyond which is Beaver R., which empties into Preuss Lake, which lies partly in this CO. and partly in Nev. Bullion is the CO scxt Pixley,'tn. in Clay co., 111. Pop., 1,517. Placer, co. in Cal., E. part. Pop., 11,357 ; in 1860, 13,270. The Bear R. forms the N. bound- aiy, the Middle Fork of the American R. the S. boundary. Tlie co. lies on tlie western slope of tlie Sierra Nevada and extends from the rugged summit of this lofty chain on the E., to the low plain of the Sacramento on the W. The North Fork of the American R. flows through the central part. The surface of the co. is deeply furrowed by tlie rivers, some flowing through eauons or gorges, wliicli vary from 1,800 to 2,500 feet in depth. The co. is well timbered, except that portion which lies on the Sacramento plain. The amount of good arable land is considerable. Gold mining is the chief source of wealth. Extensive hy- draulic mines are situated near Iowa Hill, Wisconsin Hill, Michigan Blutl' and Forest Hill. The Central Pacific R. R. passes through the CO. diagonally. Auburn is tlie co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 102,402 bush.; rye, 1,301 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,000 bush.; oats, 2,510 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,208 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,345 bush.; wool, 169,033 lbs.; butter, 72,125 lbs.; hay, 6,665 tons. Cash value of farms, $994,200. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $J,203,275. Value of manufactures, $510,595. *PlacerviIle, p. v. and the eo. seat of El Dorado co., Cal., 60 mis. E. N. E. of Sacramen- to, with which it is connected by railroad. Center of a gold-mining and agricultural re- gion. Pop., 1,562. Two newspapers. Placerville, tn. in El Dorado co. Cal. Pop., 2,624. Placerville, p. v. in Boise co., Idaho Ter., 13 mis. from Idaho City. Pop., 318. Plain, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 1,490. Plain, tn. in Franklin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,293. Plain, tn. in Stark co., Ohio. Pop., 2,226. Plain, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 1,837. Plain, p. o. in the above tn. Plain, tn. in Wood eo., Ohio. Pop., 1,719. Plain, p. o. in Greenville district, S C. Plain, p. o. in Sauk co.. Wis. Plain C'ity, p. v. in Madison co., Ohio. Plain City, p. v. in Weber co., Utah Ter., near Weber R. and 9 mis. N. W. of Ogden. Plainfield, tn. in Windham co.. Conn. Pop., 4,521. Plainfield, p. v. in the above tn., at the inter- section of the Norwich & Worcester R. R. ■with the Providence, Hartford & Fishkill R. R., 61.^ nils. N. W. of Jewett City. Plainfield, tn. in Will eo., 111. Pop., 1,750. *Plainficld, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Joliet. Pop., 723. *Plainfield, p. v. in Hendricks co., Ind., on White Lick Cr. and tlie Terre Haute & Indian- apolis R. R., 135^ mis. "W. of Indianapolis. Pop., 795. Plainfield, p. v. in Bremer co., Iowa, on the Cedar Falls & Minnesota R. R., S^ mis. N. of Waverly. Plainfield, tn. in Hampshire co., Ma.ss. Pop., 521. Plainfield, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Charlemont. Plainfield, tn. in Iosco co., Mich. Pop.. 122. Plainfield, p. o. in Livingston co., Mich. Plainfield, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,499. Plainfield, p. o. in York co., Nebr. Plainfield, tn. in Sullivan co., N. H. Pop., l,5s;). Plainfield, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. from HartUuul, Vt. ^Plainfield, p. v. in Union co., N. J., on the Central R. R. of New Jersey, 24 mis. E. of New- York, amid agricultural surroundings. Pop., 5,09.5. Two newspapers. Plainfield, tn. in Otsego CO., N. Y. Poj, 1,248. PLAINFIELD. 721 PLATTE. Plainfield, p. v. in Coshocton co., Ohio, 10 nils, from Coshocton. Plainfield, p. o. in the v. of Good Hope, in Cambei'iand co., Pa., on the Cumberland Val- ley K. K. Plainfield, tn. in Northampton co., Pa. Pop., 1,988. Plainfield, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., Plainfield, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Moiitpelier. Plainfield, tn. in Waushara co., Wis. Pop., 9; 17. Plainfield, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. X. W. of Wautoma. Plain Grove, tn. in Lawrence co.. Pa. Pop., 775. Plain Grove, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from New Castle. Plainland, tn. in Monroe co.. Ark. Pop., 220. Plains, tn. in Luzerne co., Pa. Pop., 4,018. Plains, p. o. In the above tn. Plains, tn. in JRocklngham co., Va. Pop., 8,o;;.5. Plainsberg, p. o. in Merced co., Cal. Plainsborong-h, p. o. In Middlesex CO., N. J. Plains of Dura, p. v. in Sumter co., Ga., 113^ mis. from Americus. Plainsville, p. v. in Luzerne co., Pa., on the .susiiuehanna It. and the Pennsj-lvania& New York Canal and Railroad Company's line, 6 mis. N. E. of Wilkesbarre. Plain View, p. v. in Macoupin co.. 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 10>^ mis. S. W. of Car- linvilie. Plain View, tn. in Saline co.. 111. Pop., 450. Plain View, p. o. in Scott co., Iowa. Plain View, tn. in Wabashaw CO., Minn. Pop., 1,3G5. *Plain View, p. o. in the v. of Centreville, in tile above in., 16 mis. from Mineska. Plain Vie-w, p. o. in King and Queen co., Va. Plainville, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop., 1,133. ♦Plainville, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Haven & Northampton R. R. and the Provi- dence, Hartfortl & Fishkill R. R., 27 mis. N. of New Haven. Plainville, p. o. in Gordon CO., Ga. Plainville, p. o. in Norfolk co., Mass. Plainville, p. o. in Somerset co., N. J. Plainville, p. v. in Onondaga CO., N. Y., 8mls. S. W. of Lamson's. Pop., Itjl. Plainville, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, on the J^ittle Miami R. and the Pittsburgh, Cincin- nati & St. Louis R. R., 10 mis. from Cincin- nati. Plainville, p. o. in Adams co.. Wis. *Plainwell, p. v. in Allegan co., Mich., on Kalamazoo R., at junction of the Grand Rap- i(.ls & Indiana R. R., and the Kalamazoo Divis- ion of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 12 mis. N. N. W. of Kalamazoo. Has line water-power, employed in general rnanu- facturing, and large trade with agricultural surroundings. Pop., 1,035. One newspaper. Plalstow, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 879. Plaistow, p. V. in Rockingham co., N. H., on the Boston & Maine R. R., 5 mis. N. of Haver- hill, Mass. Plane No. 4, p. o. in Frederick co., Md. Plank Road, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Plank Road, p. o. in the v. of Centreville, in Ononduga co., N. Y., 7 mis. from Syracuse. Plank Road, p. o. in York co.. Pa. Piano, p. o. in Tulare co., Cal. *Plano, p. V. in Kendall co.. 111., on the Chi- cago, Turlington & Quincy R. R., 50 inls. S. W. of Chicago. Pop. about 900. Two news- papers. Piano, p. o. in Collin co., Tex. Plant, tn. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Pop., 461. Plantation Bfo. 14, p. o. in Washington co ., Me. 46 Planters, tn. in Chicot co.. Ark. Pop., 332. Planters, tn. in Phillips co.. Ark. Pop., 1,102. Planters, p. o. in the above tn. Planter's Hall, p. o. in Breckenridge CO., Ky. Planter's I^andin^, p. o. in Natchitoches parish. La. Plantersville, p. o. in Dallas co., Ala. Plantersville, p. o. in Morehouse parish. La. Plantersville, p. v. in Grimes co., Tex., H mis. E. S. E. of Navasota. Plantersville, p. o. in Lunenburgh co., Va. Plants, p. o. in Meigs co., Ohio. Plautsville, p. v. Hartford co., Conn., on tht New Haven & Northampton R. R., 21 nils. N of New Haven. Pop. about 300. Plantsville, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. ^Plaqueiuine, p. v. and the co. seat of Iber- ville parish, La., on the W. bank of the Mis- sissippi R. at the outlet of the Plaquennne Ba- you, 112 mis. N. of New Orleans, and 20 mis. S. of Baton Rouge. Has extensive river com- merce. Principal shipping point for cotton, sugar and molasses of the neighborhood. Pop., 1,460. Throe newspapers. Plaqneniine Brulee, p. o. in St. Landry parish, La. Plaquemines, parish in La., S. E.part. Pop., 10,552; in 1860, 8,494. It is intersected by the Mississippi R., and borders on the Gulf of Mexico. The surface is but slightly elevated above the Gulf. The part near the Balize is marshy and not i3ar ticularly productive. The soil of the other i^ortions of the parish is very fertile. Point a la Hache is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 55,280 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,543 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,- 569 bush.; cotton, 11 bales ; rice, 8,639,026 lbs.; sugar, 7,723 hhds.; butter, 6,730 lbs. Cash value of farms, $3,808,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,906,846. Value of manufac- tures, $1,295,235. Platea, p. v. in Erie co., Pa., on the Beaver & Erie Canal, 4 mis. S. of Girard, and 2 mis. E. of Cross Station on the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R. Plato, p. o. in Iroquois co.. 111. Plato, tn. in Kane co.. 111. Pop., 1,004. Plato, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ky. Plato, p. o. in McLeod co., Minn. Plato, 1). o. ill Texas co.. Mo. Plato, V. In Lorain co., Ohio,on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. Platte, tn. in Benzie co., Mich. Pop., 181. Platte, p. o. in the above tn. Platte, tn. in Taylor co., Iowa. Pop., 163. Platte tn. in Union co., Iowa. Pop., 565. Platte, CO. in Mo., W. part. Po]),, 17,3.52; ia 1860, 18,350. It borders on Ivans., from which it is sejiarated by the Missouri It., and ia drained by Platte R., Bee Q-., Rush Cr. and Brush Cr. The surface cOtnprises rolling prairies and timbered bottom-lands along the streams, and the soil is highly productive. The Southwestern Division of the Cliicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. and the St. Joseim & Council Bluffs R. R. intersect the co. Platte Citv is the co. seat. Agr. jsroduotions in. 1870: Wheat, 196,060 bush.; rye, 2,958 bush.; In- dian-corn, 1,470,861 bush.; oats, 152,114 bush.; Irish pot's, 62,046 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,5S7 bush.; butter, 311.495 lbs.; hay, 2,802 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,116,577." Total, esti- mated, value of all farm iiroductions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,811,355. Value of manufactures, $951,852. Platte, tn. in Andrew co.. Mo. Pop., 3,416. Platte, tn. in Buchanan co.. Mo. Pop., 1,159. Platte, tn. in Clay co,. Mo. Pop., 3,085. Platte, tn. in Clinton co.. Mo. Pop., 1,6L*1. Platte, CO. in Nebr., central part. Area, 720 sq. mis. Poi3., 1,899. The surface is undulating; and consists mostly of productive prairies^ The Platte K. forms part of the southern PLATTE CITY. 722 PLEASANT. boundary, and its tributaries, Shell Cr., Look- ing Glass Cr. and others drain the co. The Union Pacific R. R. Intersects the S. E. corner. Columbus is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 43,90.5 bush.; rye, 50 bush.; In- dian-corn, 65,'290 bush.; oats, 40,230 bush.; Irish pot's, 1>*,350 bush.; butter, ?7,G-25 lbs.; hay, 5,£.'9 tons. Cash value of farms, ^96,390. Total, estimated, value of all farn\ productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $'204,687. Value of manufactures, $77,880. *l»latte City, p. v. and the co. seat of Platte CO., Mo., on the Platte R. and Southwestern Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pa- cific II. R., 25 mis. S. W. of Plattsburgh. Pop., 599. One n(!wspaper. Platte Creek, p. o. in Charles Mix co., Dak. Ter. Plattckill, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 2,031. PlatteUill, p. o. in the above tn. Platte River, p. o. in Buchanan CO., Mo. Platte Kiver, a tributary of the Missouri R.; rises in S. Iowa and flows S. through N. W. Mo., joining the ]Missouril2 mis. above *he mouth of the Kansas R. Platte,or Nebraska, River, the largest trib- utary of the Missouri ; is formed by the con- fluence of the North and South Platte Rs., in Lincoln co., Nebr. The North Platte rises in the North Park of Colo. Ter., near Long's Peak, and flows N. into Wyo. Ter., where it gradually turns eastward, emerging from the Rocky Mts. through a depression between the Black Hills and Rattlesnake Hills. Its prin- cipal tributaries are the Sweet Water and Laramie Rs. The South Platte rises in the South Park of Colo. Ter., flows N. N. E. to St. Vrain's Fort, and then turns E. through "Weld CO., Colo. Ter. It receives numerous tributa- ries from the Rocky Mts., tlie largest of which is Lodge Pole Cr. From the junction of these two branches, the Platte pursues an easterly course through Nebr., and empties into the Missouri at Plattsmouth. Its southern aiflu- ents are insignificant ; but from the N. it re- ceives the Loup Fork and the Elk Horn Rs., which drain a large portion of the state. The Platte is a wiile and sliallow stream, which is navigable during the highest stages of water, but during the dry season exhibits a series of shallow pools. Its total length from the source of the North Platte downward is esti- mated at over 900 mis. Platte River, a tributary of the Mississippi, in Wis.; rises in the N. E. part "of Grant co., and emjities 10 mis. above Dubuque, Iowa. Platteville, tn. m Mills co., Iowa. Pop., 762. Platteville, p. v. in Taylor co., Iowa, 10 mis. E. of 15edford. Platteville, p. o. in Saunders co., Nebr. Platteville, tn. in Grant co., Wis. Pop., 3,683. *Platteville, p. v. in the above tn., at W. ter- minus of Platteville Branch of Mineral Point R. R., 22 mis. N. of Galena, 111. Surrounded by rich lead mines; center of extensive trade and has smelting furnaces, iron furnaces and woollen factories. Seat of a State Normal School. Pop., 2,537. One newspaper. Platttord, p. o. in Sarpy co., Nebr. Plattin, tu. in Jeflferson co.. Mo. Pop., 1,217. Plattin, p. o. in the above tn. Plattslmrsli, v. ia Washington co., Ind., 9 mis. from Salem. Plattst>Hr«li, p. o. in Winston co.. Miss. ♦Plattsburff h, p. v. and the co. seat of Clinton CO., Mo., ai intersection of the Chicago & Soutbwi^stinn R. R. with the Lexington A St. Joseph Division of the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northt in R. R., 28 mis. S. E. of St. Joseph. Pop., !,Iea>9aiit Retreat, p. o. in Clay co., W. Va. I'leasant Ridge, p. v. in Greene co., Ala., 14 mis. from Gainesville. Pleasant Ridge, tn. in Fulton co., Ark. Pop., o-H). Pleasant Ridge, p. o. in Lincoln co., Ark. Pleasant Ridge, tn. in Livingston co.. 111. I'O])., 80'J. Pleasant Ridge, p. o. in Rock Island co.. 111. Pleasant Ridge, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., itTJ. Pleasant Ridge, p. v. in Leavenworth co., Kims., 7 nils, lioni Leavenworth. Pleasant Ridge, p. o. in Daviess co., Ky. Pleasant Ridge, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pleasant Ridge, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, on the iMariet la & Cincinnati R. R. Pleasant Ridge, p. o. in Princess Anne CO., Va. Pleasant Ridge, p. o. in Clarke co., Wis. Pleasant River, a tributary of the Piscata- quis R., in Piscataquis co.. Me.; is formed by the East and West Ebeme Rs. Pleasant Run, tn. in Lawrence co., Ind. Pop., m:). Pleasant Rnn, p. o. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. Pleasant Rnn, p. o. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Pleasant Rnn. p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Pleasant Rnn, p. o. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pleasant Run, p. o. in Tucker co , W. Va. Pleasants, co. inW. Va., N. N. W. part. Area about 280 sq. mis. Pop., 3.012 , in 1860, 2,9«. It borders in the N. on the Ohio R.,has a broken or rolling surface, and contains some excel- l(!nt farming lands. The Middle Island Cr. intersects the northern part. St. Mary's is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 15,283 bush.; rye, 1, '290 bush.; Indian-corn, 67,- 5»0 bush.; oat's, 14,.596 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,925 bush.; butter, 110 lbs.; hay, .592 tons. Cash value of farms, $.578,465. 'Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $141,247. Value of manu- factures, $79,870. Pleasant Sliade, p. o. in Greenville co., Va. Pleasant Site, p. o. in Franklin co., Ala. Pleasant Springs, tn. in Dane CO., Wis. Pop., I,0o5. Pleasant Unity, p. V. in Westmoreland co., Pa., 7 nds. from Latrobe. Pleasant Vale, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop., 1,188. Pleasant "Valley, p. v. in El Dorado co., Cal., 12 mis. from Shingle Springs. Pleasant Valley, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., 5 mis. from Winsted. Pleasant Valley, tn. in Jo Daviess co., 111. Pop., 94.5. Pleasant Valley, p. o. in the above tn. Pleaswat Valley, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 1,119. Pleasant Valley, tn. in Grundy co., Iowa. Pop., 402. Pleasant Valley, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,189. Pleasant Valley, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 751. Pleasant Valley, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Davenport. Pleasant Valley, p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. Pleasant Valley, tn. in Wilson co., Kans. Pop., 470. Pleasant Valley, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Pleasant Valley, p. o. in Berrien co., jMich. Pleasant Valley, tn. in Mower co., Minn. Pop., .119. Pleasant Valley, p. o. in Wright co., IMo. Pleasant Valley, p. o. in Dodge co., Nebr. Pleasant Valley, p. o. in Sussex co., N. J. Pleasant Valley, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., i,;)i;;j. Pleasant Valley, p. v. in the above tn., on the Poughkeepsie & Eastern R. R., 7 mis. N. E. of Poughkeepsie. Pleasant Valley, v. in Madison co., Ohio, 17U mis. N. W. of Columbus. Pleasant Valley, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 8 mis. from Qnakertown. Pleasant Valley, tn. in Potter co.. Pa. Pop.. 140. Pleasant Valley, p. o. in Lancaster disti-ict, S. c. Pleasant Valley, p. v. in Chittenden co., Vt., 16 it'- *''-om .Tonesville. Pleasant vnkley, p. o. in Fairfax co., Va. Pleasant Valley, p. v. in Monongalia co., W. Va., 14'X mis. from Fairmont. Pleasant Valley, tn. in Eau Claire CO., Wis. Pop., 348. Pleasant Valley, tn. in St. Croix co,, Wis. Pop., 592. Pleasant Valley, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. E. of Hudson. Pleasant View, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., Si 19. Pleasant View, p. v. in Schuyler co., 111., 3 mis. N. W. of Fredericksville. Pleasant View, v. in Shelby co., Ind., 2 mis. from Action. Pleasant View, p. o. in Madison co., Iowa. Pleasant View, tn. in Cherokee co., Kans. Pop., 971. Pleasant View, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Cherokee. Pleasant View^, p. o. in Whitley co., Ky. Pleasant View, p. o. in Juniata co., Pa. Pleasant View, p. o. in Cheatham co.. Tenn. Pleasant View, p. o. in Jackson co., \V. Va. Pleasantville, p. v. in Sullivan co., Ind., 9 nils, from Carlisle. Pleasantville, p. v. in Marion co., Iowa, 12 mis. N. \V. of Knoxville. Pleasantville, p. v. in Harford co., Md., 13 mis. E. of Monkton Mills. Pleasantville, p. v. in Westche.ster co., N. Y., on the New York & Harlem R. R., 8 mis. N. of White Plains. Pleasantville, p. v. in Fairfield co., Ohio, 8 mis. from Lancaster. ♦Pleasantville, p. bor. in Venango co., Pa., 6 mis. S. E. of Titusville. Pop., 1,598. Pleasantville, p. o. in Hickman co., Tenn. Pleasureville, p. v. in Henry co., Ky., on the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., 16^^ mis. E. of Lagrange. Plenitnde, p. o. in Anderson co., Tex. Plesis, p. V. in JetTorson co., N. Y., 16 mis. from ICvans' Mills. Plimpton, p. o. in the v. of LakeviUe, In Holmes co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 15% mis. S. W. of Wobster. Pliny, p. o. in Saline co., Kans. Pliny, p. o. in Greenville district, S. C. Plover, tn. in Portage CO., Wis. Pop., 881. Plover, p. V. in the above tn., on Wisconsin R. and on the Green Baj' & Lake Pepin R. R., 82 mis. W. of Green Bay and 14 N. E. of Grand Rapids. Has lumber trade and manufacto- ries. Pop. about 500. One ncwsjiaper. Plowboy, p. o. in Sliawnee co., Ivans. Pluekeinin, p. v. in Somerset co., N. J., 6 mis. from Somerville. Plnm, tn. in Alleghany CO.. Pa. T 1,300. Plum, tn. in Venango CO., Pa. Pop., ."fO. Plum, p. o. in the above tn. Pin mas, co. in Cal., N E. part. Pop., 4,489; in 1860. 4,.'i63. It is bounded on the N. E. by the principal crest of the Sierra Nevada, whose si)urs and ramifloations occupy nearly the whole of its area. The principal stream is Feather R., anil its branches, the Middle Fork, North Fork, Weaver Cr., etc., drain the CO. Being deeply furrowed by these water- courses, tiie central and south-western parts of the CO. are divided Into narrow canons, varying in depth from .500 to 3,000 feet. The) mean elevation of Plumas co. is very great,' and the surface extremely rugged; yet it PLYMOUTH ROCK. PLUMAS. 725 PLYMOUTH. contains many fertile and well-sheltered val- leys and mountain meadows, admirably suit- ed for agricultural and grazing purposes. Sucl) are Indian and Humbug valleys, Moun- tain Jleadow, Big Meadow, Genese-e, Mo- hawk, Beckworth, Sierra, Red Clover and Kound valleys, nearly all lying on the upper trilmtaries of the Feather R. Placer mining is protitaijly carried on, though the amount ' of gold produced was formerly much larger than it is at present. Quartz veins are also an important source of wealth. There are nearly 30 quartz-mills in the co. Quincy is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 15,212 bush.; Indian-corn, 190 bush.; oats, OS,!?! bush.; Irish pot's, 14,848 bush.; butter, 234,725 lbs.; wool, 13,023 lbs.; hay, 15,705 tons. Cash value of farms, $441,510. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $380,051. Value of manu- factures, $34i1,8Ul. PIninas, tn. in Plumas co., Cal. Pop., 298. Pliiin Biiyon, tn, in Jefferson co., Ark. Pop., 1,597. Plum Bayon, p. o. in the above tn. Plum I'ity, p. o. in Pierce co.. Wis. Plum Creek, p. o. in Scott co., Minn. Plum Creels, p. o. and the co. seat of Dawson CO., Nebr. Plum Creek, tn. in Armstrong co., Pa. Pop., 1,973. PluBn Creek, p. o. in Caldwell co., Tex. Plumer, p. v. in Venango co., Pa., -2}^ mis. from retroleum Centre. Plum Grove, p. o. in Butler co., Kans. Plum firove, p. o. in Madison co., Nebr. Plum Hill, p. o. in Washington co.. III. Pl«iu» Hollow, p. o. in the v. of Fremont Citj', in Fremont co., Iowa, 2\^ mis. E. of McPaul, on the Kansas City & St. Joseph R. R., 10}^ mis. N. of Eastport. Plummer's Lteadville, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 6 mis. from IJoylestOwn. Plum Valley, p. o. in Sierra CO., Cal. Plum Valley, p. o. in Texas co.. Mo. Plum Valley, p. o. in Cuming co., Nebr. Plumvillc, p. V. in Indiana co., Pa., 17 mis. N. of Indiana. Plunkett, p. o. in Sullivan co.. Pa. Plunkett'is Creek, tn. in Lycoming co., Pa. Pop., 415. Plymouth, p. o. in Amador co., Cal. Plymouth, tn. in Litchiield co., Conn. Pop., 4,149. Plymouth, p. v. in the above tn., on the Nau- fatuck R. and R. R., 14 mis. from Litchfield, n the neighborhood are extensive manufac- tories. ♦Plymouth, p. v. in Hancock co., 111., on the Galesburgli & Quincy Division of the Chica- go, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 19 mis. S. W. of Macomb. Pop. about 300. *Plyjnouth, p. v. and the co. seat of Marshall CO., Ind., on lellow R., at the intersection of the Chicago, Cincinnati & Louisville R. R. with the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 25 mis. N. W. of Warsaw. It is m the midst of a well-timbered region and center of an active produce trade, with considerable manufacturing. Pop., 2,4S2. Two newspapers. Plymouth, co. in Iowa, N. W. part. Area, 925 S(i. nils. Pop., 2,199 ; in 1860, 148. The surface consists of rolling prairies, well watered by Floyd R. and other streams. The co. is sepa- rated from Dak. Ter. on the W. by the Sioux B. Plymouth Centre is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 34,761 bush.; In. dian-corn, 22,048 bush.; oats, 22,741 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,480 bush.; wool, 404 lbs. Cash value of farms, $377,749. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions.including additions to stock, etc., $110,219. Value of manufactures, *5,020. Plymouth, p. v. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa, on Rock R., and at the junction of the Iowa & Dakota Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. with the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., S\i mis. N. E. of Mason City. Plj'tuouth, tn. in Plymouth co., Iowa. Pop., 357. Plymouth, p. v. in Lyon co., Kans., on the Atchison, Topeka & SiSnta Fe R. R., 9 mis. from Empoiia. Plymouth, tn. in Penobscot co. Me. Pop., 941. Plymouth, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from East Newport. Plymouth, co. in Mass., E. part. Area about 720sq. mLs. Pop., 65,365; in I860, 64,768. It is bounded on the N. and E. by Massachusetts B. and Cape Cod B., and on the S. by Buzzard's B. The North and Taunton Bs., and other small streams which drain it, afford excellent water-power. The soil is sandy and moder- ately productive. Iron ore is mined and ex- tensively manufactured. The co. is intersect- ed b5' several railroad lines. Plymouth is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 812 bush.; rye, 8,924 bush.; Indian-corn, 50,462 bush.; oats, 20,080 bush.; Irish pot's, 94,766 bush.; sweet pot's, 624 bush.; butter, 197,129 lbs.; hay, 17,525 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,552,483. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,014,769. Principal products of indus- try : Boots and shoes, $9,826,244 ; cordage and twine, $1,053,045 ; cotton goods, $781,373 ;for ged and rolled iron, $1,267,807 ; cut nails and spikes, $2.529,2iS7, and sawed lumber, $320,226. Total value of manufactures, $19,859,796. Plymouth, tn. in the above co. Pop., 6,238. *Plymouth, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Plymouth B. at S. E. terminus of Plymouth Line of Old Colony R. R., 37 mis. S. S. E. of Boston. A well laid out and com- pactly built town, with numerous handsome private residences and public institutions, among the latter of which is Pilgrim's Ha.l, built by a society formed to commemorate the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers at Ply- mouth Rock, December 20, 1620. The town has large interests in manufactures, chieiiy of cot- ton goods, woollen and iron, and is also ex- tensively engaged in fisheries. Two newspa- pers. Plymouth, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 3,016. ♦Plymouth, p. v. in above the tn., on the De- troit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R., the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. and the Holly, Wayne & Monroe R. R., 23 mis. from Detroit. Pop., 969. Plymouth, tn. in Hennepin co., Minn. Pop., 872. Plynsonth, p. o. in Jefferson co., Nebr. Plymouth, tn. in Grafton CO., N. H. Pop., 1,409. ♦Plymouth, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Boston, Concord & Montreal R. R., 51 mis. from Concord. Daily stages run to Franconia Notch. Plymouth, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 1,5-23. Plymouth, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from North Norwich. Pop., 179. ♦Plymouth, p. v. and the co. seat of Wash- iogton CO., N. C, on a small outlet to Albe- marle Sound, 40 mis. S. W. of Elizabeth City. A place of considerable commercial impor- tance. Pop., 1,389. Two newspapers. Plymouth, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 657. PLYMOUTH. 726 POINT ISABEL. Plyinontta, v. in Ashtabula CO., Ohio, 6 mis.. N. of .Jetferson, the co. seat. Plymontb, tn. In Kichland CO., Ohio. Pop., I.(i09. ♦Plymouth, p. v. in the above tn., on the Luke Erie Division of the Baltimoi-e & Ohio K. R., -iO uila. N. N. \V. of Mansfieia, the co. seat. Pop,, 7J3. Two newspapers. Plymontn. -^. in Washington co., Ohio, 15 mis. W. of Marietta. Plymontb, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 4,509. *Plymontli, p. borough in the above tn., on the Kast Branch of the Susquehanna R. and on the Lackawanna & Bloomsburgh R. R., 20 mis. S. W. of Scranton and 4 from AVilkes- barre. Large interests in the coal mines of the vicinity and seat of a thriving trade. Pop , '2,(;4.s. Two newspapers. Plymouth, tn. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pop., 2,0-2.). Plymouth, tn. in "Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 1,285. Plymouth, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Ludlow. Plymouth, tn. in Mercer co., W. Va. Pop., 1,687. Plymouth, tn. in Juneau co., Wis. Pop., 795. Plymouth, tn. in Shebovgan co.. Wis. Pop , 2,280. Plymouth, p. v. in the above tn.. on the She- boygan & Fond du Lac R. R., 14 mis. W. of She- boygan. Plymouth, tn. in Rock co.. Wis. Pop., 1,396. Plymouth Centre, p. o. and the co. seat of Plymouth co., Iowa, on Floyd's R. and the Sioux City & St. Paul R. R., 20 mis. N. of Sioux City. Plymouth Meeting, p. v. in Montgomery CO., Pa., 5 mis. from Norristown. Plymouth Rock, p. o. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Plympton, tn. in Plymouth CO., Mass. Pop., 8U4. Plympton, p. v. in the above tn., 5 nils, from Plympton Station. Plympton Station, p. v. in Plymouth c6., Mass., on the Plymouth Bi-anch of the Old Colony R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of South Abingdon. Po, p. 6. in Allen Co., Ind. Poage's 91111, p. o. in Roanoke co., Va. Poast Town, p. V. in Butler co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., 40 mis. from Cincinnati. Pop. about 200. Pocahontas, p. v. and the co. seat of Ran- dolph CO., Ark., on Black R., 100 mis. W. of Blemphis. The river is navigable to this point, which forms a shipping center for the cereals, cotton and stock of tlie surrounding region. Pop. about 1,000. Two newspapers. Pocahontas, tn. in Bond co., 111. Pop., 1,535. PocahontAS, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Louis, Vaudalia& Terre Haute R. R., lOJ^ mis. S. W. of Greenfield. Pocahontas, co. in Iowa, N. W. central part. Area, 5ii0 sq. mis. Poi)., 1,446 ; in 1860, 103. The surface is rolling; the soil fertile. It is inter- bected by the Des Moines R., Lizard R. and Cedar Or. Rolfe is the co. seat. Agr. proiluc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 18,413 busli.; Indian- corn, 32,860 bush.; oats, 11,015 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,7.53 bush.; butter, 39,265 lbs.; hav, 4,864 tons. Cash value of farms, $330,930. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, inclad- ing additions to stock, etc., i5<49,913. Pocahontas, p. o. in Cape Girardeau co., Mo. Pocahontas, p. o. in Somerset co., Pa. Pocahontas, I), v. in Bell co., Tenn., on the ^It'uipliis & Charleston R. R.. 19 mis. W. of Corinth, Miss. Pop., 225. Pocahontas, co. in W. Va., E. central part. Ana about 825 sq. mis. Pop., 4,069 ; in 1860, 3,958. The Alleghany Mts. form the eastern boundary, and separate the co. from Va. The tiJ"ecnbner Mts. intersect the western part, and trending parallel with the AUcghanies inclose the beautiful and fertile valley of the Greenbrier R. The part of tlie co. which lies W. of the Greenbrier Mts. is drained by afflu- ents of the Gauley R. Huntersville is'the co. seat. Agr. productions in ls70 : Wheat. 14,901 bush.; rye, 6,334 bush.; Indian-corn. 46,512 bush.; oats, 22,343 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,623 bush.; butter, 65,740 lbs.; hay, 4,797 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,379,774. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $224,697. Value of manufac- tures, $50,482. Pocahontas Centre, p. o. in Pocahontas co., Iowa. Pocasset, p. v. in Barnstable cc, Mass,, tl4 mis. from Monument. Pocatali^o, tn. in Kanawha co., W. Va. Pop., 1,597. Pocatalig-o, p. v. in the above tn., on Pocata- ligo R., 12 mis. N. of Charlestown. Pocono, tn. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 1,119. Pocono, p. o. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pocopson, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 573. Pocoson, tn. in York co., Va. Pop., 1,710. PocotAlico, or Pocatalig;o River, a tribu- tary of the Great Kanawha R.; rises in Koane CO., W. Va., and flows S. W. through Kana- wha CO. Poe, p. 0. in Medina co>, Ohio. Poe, p. o. in Beaver co.. Pa. Poe, tn. in Hancock co., W. Va. Pop., 872. Pocstenkill, tn. in Rensselaer co., K. Y. Pop., 1,769. Poestenkill, p. o. in the above tn. Poheta, p. o. in Saline co., Kans. Poindexter's Store, p. o. in Louisa co., Va. Poinsett, co. in Ark., N. E. part. Area, 750 sq. mis. Pop., 1,720 ; in i860, 3,621. The surface is low and level and the soil very productive. The St. Francis R. forms the E. boundary of the CO. The Languille R. and Bayou Deview intersect the W. part. Harrisburgh is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 36,670 bush.; oats, 935 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,532 bush.; sweetpot's, 4,147 bush.; cotton, 892 bales. Cash value of farms, $100,945. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $105,278. Point, tn. in Woodrull' co.. Ark. Pop., 788. Point, tn. in Calhoun co., 111. Pop., 1,551. Point, tn. in Posey co., Ind. Pop., 980. Point, tn. in Northumberland co., Pa. Pop.,93S. Point a la Uache, p. v. and the co. seat of Pla- quemines parish. La., on tlie E. bank of the Mississippi R., 40 mis. S. of New Orleans ; in a sugar and rice-producing region. Pop. about 600. One newspaper. . Point BluflT, p. V. in Adams co.. Wis., 10 mis. from Kildare. Point Caswell, p. o. in Hanover co., X. C. Point Cetlar, p. o. in Clark co., Ark. Point Coupee, parish in La., E. central part. Pop.,12,981 ; in 1860, 17,718. It is bounded on the E. by the Mississippi R. and on the W. by the Atchafalaya R. The surface is low and in some imrts subject to inundation. Point Coupee is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 138,010 bush.; Irish pot's, 184 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,619 bush.; cotton, 9,744 bales; sugar, 1,548 hhds.; butter, 100 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,611,037. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,065,173. Value of manufactures, $243,397. Point Coupee, )). v. and the co. seat of the above ))arish, 6 mis. above Bayou Sara. Point I>e liuce, p. o. in Arkansas Co., Ark. Point Uong-las, p. v. in Washington co., Minn., 2 nils, from Hastings. Point Kastern, p. o. in Caroline co., Va. Point Hope, p. o. in Grayson co., Va. Point Isabel, p. o. in Grant co., Ind. Point Isabel, p. v. in Clermont co., Oliio, 6 mis. from Moscow. Pop., 160. POINT ISABEL. 727 POLK. Point Isabel, p. o. in Cameron CO., Tex. Point Jefferson, p. o. in Morehouse parish, La. Point Iiookotit, p. o. in St. Mary's co., Md. Point Michael, p. o. iu Piaquemines parish, Lu. Point Mountain, p. o. in Randolph co., W. Va. Point Bfew Tear, p. o. in San Mateo co., Cai. Point of Rocks, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., on the Potomac li., the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. and the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal, 54 mis. W. of Ellicott City. Point of Rocks, p. o. in Beaver Head co., Mont. Ter. Point of Timber, p. o. in Contra Costa co., Cal. Point Peninsula, p. o. in Jeft».zSon co., N. Y. Point Peter, p. o. in Searcy co., Ark. Point Peter, p. o. in Oglethorpe CO., Ga. Point Pleasant, p. o. in Champaign co., 111. Point Pleasant, tn. in Warren co., 111. Pop., 1,001. Point Pleasant, p. v. in Hardin co., Iowa, 8 mis. W. of Kldora. Point Pleasant, p. o. in Ohio co., Ky, Point Pleasant, p. v. in New Madrid co.. Mo., 8 mJs. from New Madrid. Point Pleasant, p. v. in Ocean co., N. J., 13 mis. from Tom's River, Point Pleasant, p. v. in Clermont co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 23 mis. S. of Batavia,. Pop., 137. Point Pleasant, v. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 138. Point Pleasant, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Delaware R., 4 mis. above Bull's Island Station on the Belvidere Division of the Penn- sylvania R. R., 53 mis. from Philadelphia. Point Pleasant, p. v. and the co. seat of Mason CO., W. Va., near the junction of the Kanawha with the Ohio R., and just above a point opposite Gallipolis, Ohio. In extensive trade with a region producing coal and salt. Pop., 77.3. Two newspapers. Point Reinove, p. o. in Conway co.. Ark. Point Reyes, tn. in Marin co., Cal. Pop., 271. Point Truth, p. o. in Scott co., Va. Poiutville, p. V. in Burlington co., N. J., 2J^ mis. S. of W rightstown. Pojuaque, p. o. in Saute Fe co., N. Mex. Ter. Pokag'on, tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 1,386. Pokag^on, p. v. in the above tn., on the Michi- gan Central R. R., 6 mis. N. E. of Niles. Pop., 228. Pokomoke River rises in Sussex co., Del., in the Cypress Swamps, flows through Worcester CO., Md., and empties into Chesapeake B. Poland, p. V. in Clay CO., Ind., 9 mis. from Harmony. Pop., 126. Poland, in. in Buena Vista co., Iowa. Pop., 60. Poland, tn. in AndiX)Scoggin co., Me. Pop., 2,436. Poland, p. V. in the above tn., 314 t^^s. from Mechanics Falls. Poland, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 1.418. Poland, p. V. in Herkimer co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Trenton Falls and 16 mis. N. of Herki- mer. Poland, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 2,481. *Poland, p. V. in the above tn., 2^ mis. S. of Stru there. Poland Centre, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. Y., on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., S% mis. W. of Randolph. Pole Grove, p. v. in Jackson co., Wis., 12 mis. from Black River Falls. Polk, CO. in Ark., W. part, bordering on Ind. Ter. Area about 850 sq. mis. Pop., 3,376 ; in 1800, 4,262. The surface is mountainous ; the soil productive. The Bushy Fork of the Wa- shita R., Mountain Fork and numerous small creeks intersect the co. Dallas is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,186 bush.; Indian^corn, 75,883 bush.; oats, 5,.349 bxish.; Irish pot's, 3,070 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,713 bush.; tobacco, 6,906 lbs. ; cotton, 259 bales. Cash value of farms, $67,070. Total, estimated, value ot all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $106,335. Value of manufactures, $11,175. Polk, tn. in the above co. Pop., 613. Polk, tn. in Calhoun co.. Ark. Pop., 286. Polk, tn. in Montgomery co.. Ark. Pop., 304. Polk, tn. in Newton co., Ark. Pop., 369. Polk, CO. in FJa., central part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 3,169. Part of the boundary is formed by Lake Kissimee and Kissimee R. The CO. is interspersed with small lakes. The surface is low and the soil moderately pro- ductive. Peace Creek is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 97,225 bush.; sweet pot's, 87,470 bush.; cotton, 307 bales; rice, 14,200 lbs. Cash value of farms, $56,600, Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $198,- 595. Value of manufactures, $13,800. Polk, CO iu Ga., N. W. part J^ordering on Ala. Area about 360 sq. mis. Pop., 7,822 ; in 1860, 6,295. The southern part includes the hilly extensions of the Dug Down Mts.; the north- ern is level. The co. is drained by small trib- utaries of the Coosa R. Cedartown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 45,497 bush.; rye, 41 bush.; Indian-corn, 126,750 bush.; oats, 23,410 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,075 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,898 bush,; cotton, 2,001 bales; butter, 36,320 lbs. Cash value of farms, $906,923. Total, estimated, value of all fai-m productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $411,200. Value of manufactures, $127,491. Polk, tn. in Huntington co., Ind. Pop., 960. Polk, tn. in Marshall co., Ind. Pop., 1,812. Polk, tn. in Monroe co., Ind. Pop., 843. Polk, tn. in Washington co., Ind. Pop.. 920. Polk, CO. in Iowa, central part. Ai'ea, 675 sq. mis. Pop., 27,857; in 1860, 11,625. The surface is generally level ; the soil fertile and under good cultivation. Stone-coal is found. The Des Moines R. flows through the central part, and the co. is also drained by North, South and Middle Rs. The Des Moines Valley R. R. fol- lows the Des Moines R. Des Moines is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 366,423 bush.; rye, 1,410 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,779,875 bush.; oats, 176,399 bush.; Irish pot's, 132,172 bush.; sweetpot's, 1,483 bush.; wool, 15.992 lbs.; butter, 382,606 lbs.; hay, 25,533 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,667,664. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,113,188. Value of manufac- tures, $1,961,956. Polk, tn. in Benton CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,196. Polk, tn. in Bremer CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,267. Polk, tn. in Jetterson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,211. Polk, tn. in Marion co., Iowa. Pop., 879. Polk, tn, in Taylor co., Iowa. Pop., 724. Polk, tn. in Wapello co., Iowa. Pop., 1,113. Polk, CO. in Mo., S. W. part. Pop., 12,445; in 1860, 9,995. The surface is rolling, and along the water-courses broken and rugged. The uplands consist of prairies ; the valleys and hUl slopes are well timbered. The co. is drained by the Pomme de Terre R., Sac R. and other affluents of the Osage R. Bolivar is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 118,909 bush.; rye, 366 bush.; Indian- corn, 552,612 bush.; oats, 155,661 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,897 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,028 bush.; butter, 150,221 lbs.; tobacco, 11,610 lbs.; hay, 3,406 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,596,553. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $732,- 084. Value of manufactures, $.56,880. Polk, tn. in Adair CO., Mo. Pop.. 769, Polk, tn, in Atchison co., Mo. Pop., 562. Polk, tn. in Cass CO., Mo. Pop., 1,307. Polk, tn. in Christian co., Mo. Pop., 1,243. Polk, tn. in Dade co., Mo. Pop., 1,453. POLK. 728 POMPTON, Polk, tn. in De Kalb co., Mo. Pop., 957. Polk, tn. in Madison co., Mo. Pop., 3-20. Polk, tn. in Notlaway CO., Mo. Pop., 3,4-27. Polk, tn. in Ray co.. Mo. Pop., 1,308. Polk, tn. in St. Clair CO., Mo. Pop., 316. Polk, tn. in Sullivan co., Mo. Pop., 1,415. Polk, CO. in Nebr., central part. Area, 576 sq. nils. Pop., 136; in ISfJO, 19. The surface con- sists chiefly of rolling and productive prai- ries. The Platte R. intersects the N. W. part ; the Big Blue R. the S. E. part. The Union Pacific R. R. passes through the co. along the valley of the Platte R. Osceohi is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,.509 hush.; Indian-corn, 1,540 bush.; oats, 450 bush.; Irish pot's, 530 bush.; butter, 300 lbs.; hay, 75 tons. Cash value of farms, $27,500. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $8,035. Polk, CO. in N. C, S. W. part. Area about 2.50 sq. mis. Pop., 4,319 ; in 1860, 4,04;i It borders on S. C; the western part is occupied by the Blue Ridge. The surface is hilly and the soil good, especially along the water-courses. The CO. is drained by affluents of Broad R. Co- lumbus is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 3,808 bush.; rye, 3,6il6 bush.; In- dian-corn, 117,060 bush.; oals, 5,937 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,963 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,279 bush.; but- ter, 18,290 lbs. Cash value of farms, $.'347,606. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $200,- 317. Value of manufactures, $38,503. Polk, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 4,369. Polk, p. V. in Ashland co., Ohio, oil the At- lantic & Great Western R. R., 7 nils. W. of West Salem. Pop., 4,53. Polk, CO. in Oreg., N. W. part. Pop^ 4,701 ; in I860, 3,62.5. It extends from the Willamette R., in the, E.. to the crest of the Coast Range, in the W. The valley of the Willamette is wide, consists of i-ich alluvial plains, and is the only settled portion of the co. Dallas is the CO. seat. Agi-. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 303,338 bush.; Indian-coru, 309 bush.; oats, 199,- 405 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,953 bush.; butter, 142,- 778 lbs.; wool, 55,203 lbs.; hay, 6,128 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,182,410 Total, estimated, value of all farm product. ons, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $555,045. Value of man- tifaetures, ^213,491. Polk, tn. in Jefferson CO.. Pa. Pop., 2.56. Polk, tn. in Monroe CO., Pa. Pop., 1,076. Polk. p. o. in the v. of Waterloo, in Venango CO., Pa., on the Jamestown & Franklin Branch of the Lake Shore* Michigan Southern R. R., 8% mis. W. of Franklin. Polk, CO. in Tenn., S. E. part. xVrea, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 7,369; in 1860, 8,726. The surface is mountainous. The soil is best adapted for grain. It is bounded S. by Ga. and E. by N. C. It is drained bv the Hiawassee R. Benton Is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 35,726 bush.; rye, 1,519 bush.; Indian- corn, 152,425 bush.; oats, 17,192 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,048 bush.; sweet pot's,4,575 bush.; but- ter, 55,860 lbs.; hay, 762 tons. Cash value of farms, $887,695. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $317,949. Value of manufactures, $613 272. Polk, CO. in Tex., E. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 8,707 ; in 1860, 8,300. The surface is gen- erally level ; the soil fertile, particularly in the vicinity of Trinity R., Avhich intersects the CO. from N. to S. Livingston is the co. i seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, . 206,328 bush.; oats, 560 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,633 bush.; sweet pot's, 45.151 bush.; butter, .33,8iJo lbs.; cotton, 4,.548 bales. Cash value of farms, $311,426. Total, estimated, value of all larm productions, including additions to .stock, etc., $607,993. Value of manufactures, $35,521. Polk, CO. in Wis., N. W. part. Area, 1,220 sq. mis. Pop., 3,422 ; hi 1860, 1,400. The surface is uneven ; the soil moderately productive. It is divided from Minn., on the W., by the St. Croix 11., and is drained bj- small streams emptying into that river. Osceola Mills is the CO. seat. Agr. pj'oductionsinl870 ; Wheat, 41,029 bush.; rye, 458 bush.; Indian-corn, 10,839 bush.; oats, 52,564 bush.; Irish pot's, 1.5,366 bush.; butter, 68,203 lbs.; hay, 3,097 tons. Cash value of farms, $513,130. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $167,368. v'alue of 'manu- factures, $61,.390. Polk, tn. in Washington co., Wi;?. Pop., 2,220. Polk Bayou, p. o. in Independence co.. Ark. Polk €ity, p. V. in Polk co., Iowa, on the Des INIoinc^s U., 15 mis. N of Des Moines. Polk Patch, p. o. in the v. of Taylorsville, in Warrick co., Ind., 25 mis. N. of liockport. Polk Run, p. o. in Clarke co., Ind. Polksville, p. o. in Hall co., Ga. Polkton, tn. in Ottawa CO., Mich. Pop., 2,416. S'olkville, p. o. in Smith co.. Miss. Polkville, p. o. in Warren co., N. J. Pollard, p. V. and the co. seat of Escambia CO., Ala., on the Mobile & Montgomery R. R., 114 mis. from Montgomery and 72 mis. from Mobile. Pollock, p. o. in the v. of Parker, in Clarion CO., Pa., on the Alleghany Valley R. R. Pollocksville, p. v. in Jones co., N. C, lOJ^ mis. from New Berne. *Polo, p. V. in Ogle co.. 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 13 mis. N. E. of Dixon. Pop., 1,805. One newspaper. Polo, p. o. in Caldwell CO., Mo. Polsgrove, p. O. in Carroll co.. 111. Polsgrove Store, p. o. in Franklin co., Ky. Poniaria, p. o. in Newberry district, 8. C. Pomeroy, p. o. in Calhoun co., Iowa. Poiiieroy, p. v. in Wyandotte co., Kans., on the Missouri R. and the Pacific R. R. of Mis- souri, 14 mis. S. E. of Leavenworth and 9 mis. N. W. of Wyandotte. *Pomeroy, p. v. and the co. seat of Meigs co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 25 mis. S. of Athens and 86 mis. S. W. of Marietta. An active com- mercial town with large interests in coal min- ing and the manufacture of salt. Pop., 5,824. One newspaper. Pomeroy, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on tho Pennsylvania R. R., 4 mis. W. of Coatesville. Pomfret, tn. in Windham co.. Conn. Pop., 1,48S. Pomfret, p. v. in the above tn., on Quincbaug R. anil the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. B., 4 mis. S. W. of Putnam. Pomfret, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 4,30(;. Pomfret, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., /.,251. Pomfret, p. v. in the above tn., &y^ mlf.. /rom West Hartford. Pomfret Landing;, p. v. in Windjam co., Coiui., -2^4 nUs. W. of Uaysville. Pomnie cfe Terre, p. o. in Grant cc, Minn. Pomnie dc Terre, tn. in Watonwan to., Minn. Poi)., 178. Pomo, p. o. in Mendocino co., Cal. Pomona, \>. o. in Franklin co., Kans. Pomona, p. v. in Cumberland co., Tenn., 23 mis. from Sparta. Pomonkey, p. v. in Charles co., Md., 33 mis. from Washington, D. C. Poinpanoosuc, p. v. in Windsor co., Yt., on the Connecticut R. and the Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers R. R., lOJ^ mis. N. of White Rivor Junction. Pompei, p. V. in Gratiot co., Mich., 16 mis. from St. Johns. Pompey, tn. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 3,314. Ponipey, p. v. In the above tn., 4 ml3. from La Favetle. Pom pey Centre, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., 8 mis. from La Fayette. Pompton, tn. in Passaic co., K. J. Pop., 1,840, POMPTON. 729 POPLAR HILL. Pompton, p. V. in Passaic co., N. J., 9 mis. from Patei'son. Pompton River, a tributary of tlie Passaic E. in N. J.: flows along the bounilary between Morris and Passaic cos., in a southerly direc- tion. It is formed by the confluence of Pe- quannock Cr., llingwood R. and Kamapo R. Pompton Plains, p. v. in Morris co., N. J., 3J^ nils, from Bloomingdale *Ponca, p. V. and the co. seat of Dixon co., NeVir., near the Missouri R. and 2114 mis. W. of Dakota. Ponce de I.con, p. o. in Walton co., Fla. Ponchatoula, p. v. in Tangii^ahoa parish, La., on the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 48 mis. N. of New Orleans. Pop., 32-2. Pond, p. o. in St. Louis co.. Mo. Pond City, tn. in Wallace co., Kans. Pop., 40. Pond Creels, p. o. in Campbell co., Ky. Pond CreeU, tn. in Greene co., INIo. Pop., 882. Pond Creek Mills, p. o. in Knox co., Ind. Pond Eddy, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pond Grove, v. in Benton co., Ind., on the La Favette, Muncv & Bloomington R. R., 9% mis. W.'of La Fayette. Pond Run, p. o. in Scioto co., Ohio. Pond's Ciap, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. Pond Spring:, p. o. in Walker co., Ga. Pond Spring, p. o. in Williamson co., Tex. Poney Hollow, p. o. in Tompkins co., N. Y. Ponica Agency, p. o. in Todd co.. Dak. Ter. Ponona, p. o. in Plymouth co., Iowa. Pontchartrain, I>'aUe, in the southern part ot La.; receives the outlet of Lake Maurepas on the W., and communicates through Lake Borgne on the E. with Mississippi Sound, an extension of the Gulf of Mexico. It is about 40 mis. long and 23 mis. wide, and does not ex- ceed 24 feet in depth. Tangipahoa R. empties into it from the N., and St. John's Bayou, one of the arms of the Mississippi delta, from the S. Its southern shore is but 3 mis. distant from New Orleans. Pontiac, tii. in Livingston co.. 111. Pop., 2,438. "■Pontiac, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. scat, on Vermillion R. and on the Chicago & Alton R. R. at crossing of the Pontiac & Northwestern R. R.,92 mis. S. W. of Chicago. In active trade with coal-producing surround- ings. Pop., 1,(>57. Two newspapei-s. Pontiac, p. o. in Bntler CO., Kans. Pontiac, tn. in Oakland Co., Mich. Pop., 5,942. ♦Pontiac, p. v. and the co. seat of Oakland CO., Mich., on Clinton R. and on the Detroit* Milwaukee R. R., 20 mis. N. W. of Detroit. A leading wool and produce market and seat of a large local manufacturing interest. Pop., 4,867. Three newspapers. Pontiac, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Pontiac, p. o. in Huron co.. Ohio. Pontiac, p. o. in Kent co., R. I. Pontoosnc, tn. in Hancock co.. 111. Pop., 1,946. Pontoosuc, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Carthage. Pontotoc, CO. in Miss., N. E. central part. Area about 550 sq. mis. Pop.. 12,525 ; in 1860, 22,113. The eastern portion of this co. was set off to Lee CO., hence the apparent decrease of its population. It has a level surface and a highly productive soil. The Tallahatchie R. intersects and drains it. Pontotoc is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 13,0.57 bush.; rye, 119 bush.; Indian-corn, 371,719 bush.; oats, 4,371 bush.; Irish pot's, l,778bush.; eweet pot's, 31.408 bush.; cotton, 4,251 bales ; butter, 66,266 lbs.; hay, 132 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,160,335. Total, estimated, val'ue of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc, $910,724. Value of manufac- tures, $86,690. •Pontotoc, p. V. and the co. seat of the above CO., 16 mis. W. of Pupelo on Mobile & Ohio * B. R. United States Land Office is located here. It is also the seat of three popular in- stitutions of learning. Pop., 384. One news- paper. Ponville, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. Pool, p. o. in Lapeer co., Mich. Pool, p. o. in Rowan co., N. C. Poole's Mills, p. o. in Webster co., Ky. Poolesvllle, p. v. in Montgomery co., Md., 3114 mis. from Washington, D. C. Poolsville, p. o. in the v. of Milford, in "War- ren CO.. lud., 7 mis. from Independence. Poolville, p. V. in Madison co., N. Y., on the Utica Division of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 35 mis. from Utica. Pop., 163. Poor Fork, p. o. in Harlan co., Ky. Poor's Mills, p. o. in Waldo co.. Me. Poor Valley, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. Pope, CO. in Ark., N. W. part. Area, 825 sq. mis. Pop., 8,086; in I860, 7,883. The surface is hilly, and in the northern part mountainous. The Arkansas R. intersects the S. W. portion, and then flows along the southern boundary. It receives Big Piney Or. and Illinois Bayou. Dover is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 21,363 liush.; Indian-corn, 225,152 bush.; oats, 10,834 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,306 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,114 bush.; tobacco, 1,015 lbs.; cotton, 3,070 bales. Cash value of farms, $669,.301. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $653,201. Value of manufactures, $70,725i Pope, CO. in 111., S. E. part. Area, 372 sq. mis. Pop., 11,437; in 18<;0, 6,742. The surface is mostly rolling, and the soil very fertile. Min- eral springs are found. The Ohio R. separates it on the S. E. from Ky. The co. is drained by a number of creeks. Golconda is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 70,4.57 bush.; rye, 2,309 bush.; Indian-corn, 315,958 bush.; oats, 67,886 bu.sh.; Irish pot's, 58,326 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,3()7 bush.; butter, 96,796 lbs.; hay, 1,461 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,- 286,.325. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $6.57,72;3. Value of manufactures, $171,468. Pope, CO. in Minn., W. part. Area 720 sq. mis. Pop., 2,691. It has a rolling prairie surface and a productive soil, and is drained by the Chippewa R. and other atlluents of the Min- nesota R. The St. Paul & Pacific R. R. passes through the S. W. corner of the co. White Bear Lake and many other sheets of water lie in this co. Glenwood is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 53,721 bush.; In- dian-corn, 1,925 bush.; oats. 44,395 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,528 bush.; butter, 6.5,375 lbs.; hay, 8,.567 tons. Cash value of farms, $493,833. Total, estimated, value of all tarm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $161,386. Pope's liepot, p. V. in Panola co., Miss., on the Mississippi & Tennessee R. R., 34 mis. from Grenada. Pope's Mills, p. o. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pope "Valley, p. o. in Napa co., Cal. Poplar, p. o. in the v. of Benton, in Crawford CO.. Ohio, 13 mis. from Bucyrus. Poplar Blntf, p. o. in Ashley co.. Ark. Poplar liluflT, tn. in Butler co.. Mo. Pop., 840. Poplar Blulf, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 91 mis. S. of Bismarck. Poplar Branch, p. o. in Currituck CO., N. C. Poplar City, p. o. in Mason co.. 111. Poplar Creek, p.o. in Montgomery co.,Miss. Poplar Flat, p. o. in Lewis co., Ky. Poplar Grove, p. o. in Phillips co.. Ark. Poplar Grove, p. v. in Boone co.. 111., on the Kenosha Division of the Chicago & North- western R. R., 12 mis. W. of Harvard. Poplar Grove, p. v. in Howard co., Ind., 11 mis. from Kokoma. Poplar Grove, p. o. in Owen Co., Ky. Poplar Grove, p. o. in Pike co., Ohio. Poplar Hill, p. o. in Casey co., Ky. Poplar Hill, p. o. in McDonald co,. Mo. Poplar Hill, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. POPLAR HILL. 730 PORT DEPOSIT. Poplar mil, p. V. lu Giles CO., Va., 12 mis. from Dul)lin. Poplar Mount, p. o. in Greenville CO., Va. Poplar Plains, p. v. in Fleming CO., Ky., 5 mis. S. B. of Fkimingsburgli. Pop., 1,565. Poplar Ridg'e, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., 15 mis. from Auburn. Poplar Ridge, p. o. in Darke co., Ohio. Poplar Ran, p. o. in Blair co., Pa. Poplar Springs', p. o. in Metcalfe CO., Ky. Poplar Spring, p. o. in Henderson co., Tenn. Poplar Springs, X). v. in Howard co., Md., 5 nils. S. of \\\'iturvillc. Poplar Springs, p. o. in Ponfotoc CO., Miss. PoqnctanHck, p. v . in New London co.,Conu., ■i mis. from Norwich. Poqnonock, p. v. in Hartford CO., Uonn., 4 mis. from Windsor Locks. Poquonoc Bridge, p. v. in New London co., Conn., 4 mis. K. of New London. Porche's Prairie, p. o. in Chariton co.. Mo. Porcupine River, a tributary of Yukon K., in Alaska Ter.; rises in the northern part of the Rocky jNIountains. It flows first to the N. and then to the W. Portage, tn. in Portage co., Ind. Pop., 728. Portage, tn. in St. Joseph co., Ind. Pop., 7,983. Portage, tn. in Houghton co., Mich. Pop., 1,.'>1U. Portage, tn. in Kalamazoo co., Mich. Pop., 1,050. Portage, p. v. in the above tn., on the Kala- mazoo Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. II., 7 mis. S. of Kalamazoo. Portage, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop., 1,338. Portage, co. in Ohio, N. K. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 24.584 ; in 1860, 24,208. The surface is level and the soil productive. It is drained by Cuyahoga and Mahoning lis., which afford abundant water-power. TheCleveland & Pitts- burgh 11. R., and the Atlantic & Great West- ern R. R. pass through it. The co. is also in- tersected by the Pennsylvania & Ohio Canal Ravenna is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 185,2.57 bush.; rye, 18,270 bush.; Indian-corn, 356,953 bush.; oats, 426,814 bush.; Irish pot's, 263,449 bush.; sweet pot's, 59 bush.; butter, 807,636 lbs.; hay, 43,859 tons. Cashvalue of farms, $14,559,729. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$2,669,520. Value of manufac- tures, $1,858,432. Portage, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 1,069. Portage, p. v. in the above tn., 10 ucils. from Weston. Portage, tn. in Summit CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,594, Portage, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop., 899. Portage, tn. in Ottawa co., Ohio. Pop., 1,246. Portage, tn. in Cameron co., Pa. Pop., 99. Portage, p. o. in Box Elder co., Utah Ter. Portage, co. in Wis., central part. Area, 1,200 sq.mls. Pop., 10,634; in 1860,7,507. The sur- face is rolling and generally well timbered. The soil is productive. The Wisconsin R. flows througli the central part from N. E. to S. W. Stephen's Point is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 213,467 bush.; rye, 58,657 bush.; Indian-corn, 63,909 bush.; oats, 153,294 bush.; Irish pot's, 112,7ii7 bush.; butter, 198,693 lbs.; hav, 9,784 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,769,417. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ailditions to stock, etc., .^643,856. Value of manufactures, $.')(;;j.6(;'\ Portage Centre, p. o. in Hancock co., Ohio. ♦Portage Cit.y, city and the co. seat of Col- umbia CO., Wis., on Wisconsin R., the Fox River tianal and on the La Crosse Division of Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., at N. terminus of Madison & Portage R. R. and W. terminus of Portage Branch of Northern Division of Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R., 25 nils. N. of Madi- son. It is an important railroad center and the seat of an active commerce and lumber trade. Pop., 3,945. One newspaper. Portage Creek, p. o. in McKean co.. Pa. Portage des Sioux, tn. in St. Charles co., Mo. Pop., 1,801. Portage des Sioux, p. o. in St. Charles co.,Mo. Portage River, in Ohio : rises in Putnam co., flows through Henry, Wood, Sandusky and Ottawa cos. and empties into Lake Erie at Port Clinton. Portage vi lie, p. o. in the v. of Portage, in Wyoming co. N. Y., on the Genesee R. and the Northwest Division of the Erie R. R., 6 mis. W. of Nunda. Pop., 491. Port Alleghany, p. v. in McKean co., Pa., 21 mis. from Crawford's Station. Port Allen, p. v. in Louisa co., Iowa, on tho Iowa R., 5 mis. N. W. of Fredonia. Port Andrew, p. v. in Richland co.. Wis., on the Wisconsin R., nearly opposite Blue River. Port Angeles, p. v. in Clallam co., Wash. Ter., on Juan de Fuca Straits, 15 mis. from New Dungeness. Port Austin, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 778. *Port Austin, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Lake Huron, 94 mis. N. of Port Huron. Has growing interests in the quarry- ing of grindstones and building stones, manu- facture of salt and sawmg ot lumber. Ono newspaper. Port Barnett, v. in Jefferson co., Pa. Port Blanctiard, p. v. in Luzerne co., Pa., on the Pennsylvani;i& New York Canal and 11. R. Company's line. Port Byron, tn. in Rock Island co.. 111. Pop., 8,722. Port Byron, p. v. in the above tn., on the Western Union R.R. and on Mississippi R., at head of the Upper Rapids, 16 nils. N. E. of Rock Island. Pop., 576. Port Byron, p. v. in Cayuga oo , N. Y., on the New York Central R. R. and Erie Canal, 9 mis. N. of Auburn and 25 W. of Syracuse. Engaged in manufacturing. Pop., l,0s9. One newspaper. Port Carbon, p. borough in Schuylkill CO., Pa., on the Schuylkill K., JIahanoy & Broad Mountain R. R. aiid Schuylkill Vallcv Branch of Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 314 inls. N. E. of Pottsville. In the neighborhootl are rich coal mines. Pop., 2,251. *Port Chester, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on Byram R., near Long Island Sound, ami the New York & New Haven R. R., 29 mis. E. N. E. of New York City. Has several im- portant iron and other manufactories. Pop., 3,797. One newspaper. *Port Clinton, p. v. and the co. seat of Ottawa CO., Ohio, on Lake Erie, at the mouth of Port- age R., and on the Lake Shore & ]\licliigan Southern R. R.. 14 mis. W. of Sandusky and 61 mis. E. of Toledo. Engaged in lake trade and Ashing. Pop., 543. One newspaper. Port Clinton, p. borough in Schuylkill co.. Pa., on tlie Philadelphia & Reading R. R. and the Little Schuylkill Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 20 mis. N. of Heading and 15 mis. S. of Pottsville. Pop., 578. Port Colden, p. v. in "Wiirren co., N. J., l]4 nile. from Washington. Port Conway, p. o. in King George co., Va. Port Crane, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. Port Crescent, p. v. in Huron co., Mich., 4J4 inls. from Port Austin. ♦Port Deposit, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., on E. bank of Susquehanna R., at the head of tide- water; S. \V. terminvis of Philadelphia & Baltimore Central R. R. and N. terminus of ^Port Deposit Branch of Philadelphia, Wii- mington & Baltimore R. R., 5 mis. N. of Havre de Grace and 37 mis. N. E. of Baltimore. Has large interests in the lumber trade of tho Susquehanna and in the quarrying of granite, which is found abundantly in the vicinity. Shipping point by water aiid rail for the pro- duce of the surroundings, the river being PORT DICKINSON. 731 PORTLAND. navigable to this point for boats drawing 8 feet of water. Fop., 1,839. One newspaper. Port Dickiuson, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., on the Chenango Canal, the Albany & Susque- hanna H. K. and the Sj'racuse & Binghamton R. K., 2\4 mis. N. of Binghamton. Port Discovery, p. o. in Jefferson co., Wash. Ter. Port Edwards, p. v. in Wood co., Wis., 4 mis. from Grand Rapids. Port Elizabeth, p. T. in Cumberland co., N. J.,-1 mis. S. of Manamuskin on the Cape May li. K. Porter, co. in Ind., N. W. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 13,93S ; in 18(30, 10,313. It borders on Lake Michigan in the N. and the Kankakee 11. in the S. The lake shore is covered with low dunes and but little productive. The remain- der of the CO. is level or gently undulating, and partly covered with heavy timber. Five rail- road lines centering at Chicago pass through the CO. Valparaiso is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions iu 1S70 : Wheat, 113,575 bush.; rye, 4,433 bush.; Indian-corn, 21'2,331 bush.; oats, 178,886 bush.; Irish pot's, 6t3,3o-2 bush.; butter, 2-20,998 Iba,; hay, 21,841 tons. Cash value ot farms, $4,813,202. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ailditions to stock, etc., $320,030. Value of manufactures, $j51,.il0. Porter, tn. in Porter co., Ind. Pop., 1,006. Porter, tu. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 1,104. Porter, p. v. in the above tn., 19 mis. from Waterborough Centre. Porter, tn. iu Midland co., Mich. Pop., 82. Porter, p. o. in the above tn. Porter, tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 1,933. Porter, tn. in Van Buren co., Mich. Pop., 1,310. Porter, tn. in Christian co.. Mo. Pop., 959. Porter, v. in Gaiha co., Ohio, 10 mis. from Gal- lipolis. The p. o. is Pine Grove. Porter, tn. in Niagara co., X. Y. Pop., 2,042, Porter, tn. in Scioto co., Ohio. Pop., 1,965. Porter, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 819. Porter, tn. in Clarion co.. Pa. Pop., 1,546. Porter, tn. in Clinton co.. Pa. Pop., 1,101. Porter, tn. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Pop., 1,253. Porter, tn. in Jefferson co.. Pa. Pop., 525. Porter, p. o. in the above tn. Porter, tn. in Lycoming co., Pa. Pop., 650. Porter, tn. in Schuylkill CO., Pa. Pop., 1,167. Porter, tn. in Pike co.. Pa. Pop., 102. Porter, tn. in P^ock co.. Wis. Pop^^ 1,223. Porterlield, p. o. in Venango Co., Pa. Porter's, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Porter's Comers, p. o. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Porter's Cross Roads, p. o. Porter cO., Ind. Porter's Falls, p. o. in Wetzel CO., W. Va. Porter's Eake, p. o. in Pike CO., Pa. Porter's Mills, p. o. in Eau Claire co.. Wis. Porter's Itaiicli, p o. in Smith CO., Kans. Porter's Sideling, p. o. in York co., Pa. Porter Station, p. v. in Porter Co., Ind., on the Michigan Central R. R., 12 mis. S. W. of Michigan Citj'. Porter Station, p. o. in Henry co., Tenn. Portersville, p. v. in De Kalb co., Ala., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. R., 61 mis. from Cliattanooga. Pop. about 30. Portersville, p. o. in Tulare co., Cal. Portersville, p. o. in Dubois co., Ind. Portersville, p. o. in Perry co., Ohio. Portersville, p. v. in Butler co.. Pa., 13)^ from Newcastle. Pop., 198. Portersville, p. v. in Tipton co., Tenn., 12 nils, from Randolph. Porterville, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Port Ewen, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., 2 nils, fioui llhinetjeck Station. Pop., 1,251. Port Oanible, p. o. in Kitsaj) co.. Wash. Ter. Port CJibson, v. iu Gibson co., Ind., 7 mis. from Princeton. *Port Cribson, p. v. and the co. seat of Clai- borne CO., Miss., on Bayou Pierre, 10 mis. from Its entrance into the Mississippi R-, and 35 mis. S. of Vicksbnrgh. Shipping pomt for cotton. Pop., 1,088. One newspaixjr. Port Gibson, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal, i}4 mis. from Newark Station. Port Haywood, p. v. in Matthews co., V^a. *Port Henry, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y'., on Lake Champlain at N. terminus of Whitehall, Plattsburgh & Addison R. R. Engaged in the mining and manufacture of iron. Pop. about 4,500. One newspaper. Port Homer, p. v. in Jefferson co., Ohio, on the Ohio River Division of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 6 mis. S. of Wellsville. Port Hope, p. V. in Huron co., Mich., on Lake Huron, 20 nils. S. E. of Port Austin. Port Hope, p. o. in Columbia co.. Wis. Port Hudson, p. v. in East Feliciana parish. La., on the Mississippi R., 12 mis. below Ba- you Sara ; is the S. terminus of the Clinton & Port Hudson R. R. Port Hndson, p. o. in Franklin co.. Mo. Port Huron, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 6,805. *Port Huron, city in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Port Huron & Lake Michigan R. R. and the Grand Trunk 11. R., and on the St. Clair R. at the mouth of Black R., 2 mis. from the S. end of Lake Huron and 57 N. of Detroit. Has an extensive lake commerce and large lumber and ship-bailding interests. Pop.. 3,973. Three newspapers.' Port Jackson, p. v. in Montgomery co.,N. Y., on the Erie Canal and the Mohawk R., oppo- site Amsterdam. Pop., 446. »Port Jefferson, p. v. in Suffolk cc, N. Y., on Port Jefferson B. of Long Island Sound, 63 mis. E. of Brooklyn and 10 mis. N. of Hol- brook on Long Island R. R. One newspaper. Port Jefferson, v. iu Shelby co., Ohio, on the Miami Canal, 5 mis. N. E. of Sidney. Pop., 410. The p. o. is Pratt. *Port Jervis, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y., on Delaware R. and Hudson & Delaware Canal, and on the Erie R. R. at S. terminus of the Monticello & Port Jervis R. R., 97 mis. N. W. of New York. Has large manufacturing in- terests. Machine shops of Erie R. li. located here. Pop., 6.377. Three newspapers. Port Kennedy, p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R.^ 4^^ mis. W. of Bridgeport. Pop., 516. Port Kent, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y'., on Lake Champlain, 15 mis. S. of Plattsburgh. Portland, p. o. in Dallas co., Ala. Portland, tn. In Ashley CO., Ark. Pop., 984. Portland, p. o. in Ashley co., Ark. Portland, tn. in Middlesex co.. Conn. Pop., 4,693. ^Portland, p. v. in the above tn.. on the Con- necticut 11., nearly opposite Middletown. In the neighborhood are the famous Portland quarries of brown sand-stone. Portland, tn. in Whitesides CO., IU. Pop., 985. Portland, v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Lyn- don. *Portland, p. v. and the co. seat of Jay co., Ind., on Salamonie R. and Cincinnati, Rich- mond & Fort Wayne R. R., 49 mis. S. of Fort Wayne. Engaged in lumber trade and gen- eral manufacturing. Pop., 462. One news- paper. Portland, tn. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa. Pop., 221. Portland, p. o. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa. *Portland, city, port of entry and co. si-.it of , Cumberland co.. Me., on a peninsula project- ing from the W. shore of Ciisco B. at S. ter- minus of Main Line & Le wist own Division of Maine Central R. R., E. terminus of Portland & Rochester R. R., and N. E. terminus of Portland, Saco & Portsmouth Division of Eastern R. R. of Massachusetts. It entirely occupies the peninsula, which is irregular in PORTLAND. 732 PORTSMOUTH. shape, about % of a mile wide and 3 mis. long, and rises boldly at either extremity, giving to the city an attractive ajtpearance as viewed from the sea approaches. It is regu- larly laid out and substantially built of mar- ble and brick. Before the great Are of July 4, 1866, it was preeminently the city of shade trees, more than 3,500 lining its streets. Con- gress Street is the principal thoroughfare, ex- tending the entire, length of the peninsula, from Mnn.iov's Hill in the E. to Bramhall's Hill in the \V. Its business houses are fine structures, neat, commodious and convenient. There are numerous public institutions, large hotels and elegant churches, while handsome private residences crown the promontories of the peninsula. Portland is the largest city In Me. and the commercial metropolis of the state. Its harbor is one of the largest, deep- est, safest and most easily accessible on the Atlantic coast. The foreign goods imported during the year ended June 30, 187"2, had a value of $2,473,153, and the domestic goods ex- ported of 1^3,0 1-2,9,S(J, and the foreign goods re- exported of $s3-t,739. It is connected by regu- lar steamers with all the principal Atlantic ports, and during the winter with Liverpool i)V the Allan Line of trans- Atlantic steamers. Pop., in 18.50, '20,816 ; in 1860, 26,341 ; in 1870, 31,- 413, of which 24,401 were native born and 7,012 foreign born. Sixteen newspapers, three of which are dailies. Portland, tn. in Ionia co., Mich. Pop., 2,353. *Portl»ua, 11. v. in the above tn., at junction of Grand & Looking Glass Rs. and on the De- troit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R., 12 mis. S. K. of Ionia. Has gootl water-power and a growing manufacturing interest. Pop., 1,060. One newspaper. Portland, p. v. in Callaway co., Mo., on the jMissouri R., opposite Morrison. Pop., 121. Portland, tn. in Chautauciua co., N. Y. Pop., 1,887. Portlaaid, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Dunkirk. Pop., 141. Portland, p. v. in Meigs co., Ohio, on Ohio R. Portland, tn. in Erie co., Ohio. Pop., 13,681. Portland, v. in Jackson co., Ohio, on the Portsmouth Branch of the Marietta & Cincin- nati fl. R., 13 mis. S. of Jackson. Pop. about 300. The p. o. is Oak Hill. *Portland, citv and co. seat of Multnomah CO., Oreg,, on Willamette R.. 15 mis. from its confluence with the Colum!)ia R., and at the head of navigation ; also opposite E. Portland, the N. terminus of the Oregon & California R. R., 16 mis. N. of Oregon City and 642 mis. by sea route from San Francisco. Connected by steamers with the ports of the Pacific and the towns of the Columbia R. The largest com- mercial citv in the state. Connected by steam ferry with 'E. Portland, a new town of rapid growth and a population of 850. Portland has a population of 8,203. Thirteen newspapers. ♦Portland, p. v. in Northampton co.. Pa., on the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 5 nils. S. of Delaware Water Gap. Pop. about 60;). Portland, tn. in Preston co., "W. Va. Pop.,l,i)y7. Portland, p. o. in the v. of Cranberry Sum- mit, in llieal)Ove tn., on the Baltiniore & Ohio U. R.. II in Is. N. E. of Rowlesburgh. Portland, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 1,286. Portland, tn. in Monroe co., Wis. Pop., 630. Portland Mills, p. v. in Parke co., Ind., 12 mis. ti-uni Greeucastle. Portland Station, p. v. in JelTerson co., Ohio. PortlaiKlviile, p. o. in Plvmouth eo.. Iowa. Portlandvillc, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., on t lie Cooperstown & Susquehanna Valley R. R., 2 nils. N. of Colliersville. Port liavaca, !>. v. in Calhoun eo., Tex., on Matagonla B.,5 mis. N. E. of Kemper City. Pop., 70S. *Port I^eyden, p. v. in Lewis co., N. Y., on Black R. and on the Utica & Black River R. R., midway between Utica and Watertown. Has line water-power and numerous manu- factories. The surrounding region produces much lumber. Pop., 977. One newspaper. Port I/onisa, tn. in Louisa co., Iowa. Pop., 774. Port liOuisa, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississipiii R., 6 mis. N. E. of Wapello. Port LiUdlow, p. V. in Jeflferson co.. Wash. Ter., on Paget Sound, 16 mis. S. of Port Town- send. Pop., 259. Port Madison, p. v. and the co. seat of Kitsap CO., Wiuih. Ter., on Puget Sound, 32 mis. S. of Port Townsend. Pop., 249. Port Matilda, p. v. in Centre eo.. Pa., on the Bald Eagle Valley Branch of the Pennsylva- nia R. R., 16Kmls. S. W. of xMilesburgli. Port Mitcbell, v. in Koble co., Ind., 6 mis. from Brimlield. Port Monmouth, p. v. in Monmouth eo.. K. J., on New York B., 20% mis. S. of New York ; is the N. terminus of the New Jersey South- ern R. R. Port Morris, p. o. in Cumberland co., N. J. Port Murry, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., on the JNIorris & Essex 11. R., 5 mis. N. E. of Washing- ton. Port Ontario, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., on Luke Ontario, 4 mis. W. of Pulaski. Port Oram, p. v. in Morris co., N. J., on the >1 orris & Essex R. R. and the Chester U. R., 45 nils. W. of New York. Port Orange, j). o. in Volusia co., Fla. Port Orford, p. o. iu Curry co.. Oi'Cg. Port 08a$;c, tn. iu Jackson co., Mo. Pop., 1,695. Port Penn, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., on the Delaware R., 9 mis. E. of Mount Pleasant. Pop., 320. Port Perry, p. v. in Alleghany co., Pa., on the Monongahela R. and the Pittsljurgh, Wash- ington & Baltimore R. R., \V^ mis. S. E. of Pittsburgh. Port Providence, p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., 1 mle. frcnn Phoenixville. Port Republic, p. v. in Calvert co., Md., 5 mis. S. E. of Prince Frederictown. Port Kepublic, p. v. in Atlantic CO., N. J.,5 mis. from Pomona. Port Republic, p. v. in Rockingham co., Ya., on the Shenandoah R., 13 mis. from Harrisou- burgli. Port Ricliinond, p. o. in Wapello co., Iowa. Port Ricbinond, p. v. in Richmond co., N. Y'., on the Kill von KuU R., 8 nils. S. W. of New York city, with which it is connected by a steamer making hourly trips. Pop., 3,028. One newspaper. Port Royal, p.o. in Henry co., Ky., 3 mis. from Wortliville. Port Royal, p. o. iu the v. of Perry ville, in Juniata co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania Canal and the Pennsylvania R. R., 2J^ mis. S. E. of Patterson. Port Royal, p. v. in Beaufort district, S. C, 41 mis. from Yelnassee. Port Royal, p. o. in Montgomery co., Tenn. Port Royal, tn. in Caroline eo., Va. Pop., 3.543. Port Royal, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rap- jiahannock R., 22 mis. below Fredericksburgli. Pop., 435. Port Sanilac, p. v. in Sanilac co., Mich., on t he coast of Lake Huron, 33 mis. N. of Port Huron. Portsmoiitb, tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop., 1,6110. Port<«uiouth, p. v. in Bay eo., Mich., on the Flint & Pure Marquette R. R. and on Saginaw R., 1 mle, above I5ay City. Pop., 1,243. ^Portsmouth, city andthe eo. seat of Rock- ingham CO., N. II.;" is the cointnercial metrop- olis and only seaport town of the state. It i3 situated on a peninsula formed by the Pisca- PORTSMOUTH. POTSDAM. taqua li., about 3 mis. from the ocean, at E. terminus of Portsmouth li. R., N. terminus of Eastern R. li. of Massacliusetts, and S. ter- minus of Portland, Saco & Portsmouth K. II. ami Great Fails & Conway It. R., 41 mis. E. of Manchester. It stands on ail acclivity over- looking the harbor, is noted for its healthy atmosphere and fine gardens, and is connect- ed by bridges with Kittery, Me., and Newcas- tle on Grand Island. The harbor is capacious, deep, easil3' accessible and free from ice in winter. The city has large interests in ship building. The United States Kavy Tard is lo- cated on the opposite side of the river, at Kittery. It has also extensive manufacturing establishments producing spool cotton, tapes, ropes, hosiery, iron castings, shoes, etc. The place has an extensive commerce. The im- ported goods in 1872 had a value of $98,(58-2 and the exports of $3,512. Pop., 9,211 ; iu 1800, 9,300. fc^ive newspapers. Pui'tsuioutli, p. v. in Carteret co., N. C, on Pamlico .sound. Pop., oil. •PortsniOHtli, city and the co. seat of Scioto CO., Ohio, on the Ohio R., at the mouth of the Scioto li., the Ohio & Erie Canal and Ports- mouth IJranch of the Marietta & Cincinnati li. li., 115 ml.s. above Cincinnati. Connected by steamers with the principal river ports above and below ; enjoys an extensive and growing commerce, and has large interests iu manulacturing, the chief protlucts being wooden utensils andiron. Pop., 10,,592 ; inlSOO, 6,055. Six banks and four newspapers. Portsinoutb, tn. iu Isewport co., R. 1. Pop., 2,003. Portsuioiitli, p. V. in the above tn., 10^ nals. from Eall River. *Fortsmoutli, city in Norfolk co., Va., on the K. bank of the wide estuary of the Elizabeth li., which separates it from Norfolk ; is the E. terminus of the Seaboai'd & Roanoke R. R., SO mis. from Weldon. Perry boats connect it with NorfoHi, and a daily line of steamers with Richmond, 100 mis. The harbor is one of the best on the Atlantic coast, and admits vessels of the largest class. The United States government has at Gosport, a suburb of Ports- mouth, a navy yard, a large and costly dry dock anil a naval hospital. The population was, in 1870, 10,192, and in 18(30, 9,188. Port l^ullivau, p. o. in Milam co., Tex. Port Tobacco, p. v. and the co. seat of Charles CO., Md., at heail of Port Tol>aeco B. on Poto- mac li., 39 mis. S. of Washington. Engaged In trade with agricultural surroundings. Pop., 215. One newspaper. *Port Townsend, p. v. and the co. seat of Jelferson CO., Wash. Ter., on Port Townsend B., otr the Strait of Juan de Euca, 100 mis. N. of Olympia. A commercial town with large interests in the lumber trade. Pop., 593. One newspaper. Port Trevertoii, p. v. iu Snyder co., Pa., on the Susquehanna R. and Canal, opposite Ilernilon. Portnguee, p. o. in Shasta co., Cal. Port Union, p. o. in Butler co., Ohio. Portvillc, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1,814. Portville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Gene- se^ mis. N. of Warrensljurgli. Potter Valley, p. o. in Mendocino co., Cal. Potterville, p. o. in Eaton co., Mich. Potterville, p. v. in Bradford co.. Pa., 13\4 mis. from Wj'sox. Pott's Grove, tn. in Montgomery co.,Pa. Pop., 2,895. Pott's Grove, p. v. in Norlliumberiand co., Pa., on the Catawissa R. R., 3% mis. E. of Mil- ton. *Pottstowii, p. borough in Montgomery co., Pa., on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., the Colebrookdale Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R. and on Schuylkill R. and Canal, 35 mis. N. N. W. of Philadelphia. A place of active trade and large interest in manufac- tures. Pop., 4,125. One newspaper. Pottsville, p. o. in Graves co., Ky. *Pottsville, p. borough and co. seat of Schuyl- kill CO., Pa., on Schuylkill R. and Canal, at mouth of Norwegian Cr., at N. terminus of Philadelphia & Reading R.R. and S. terminus of Mt. Carbon R. R., Mt. Carbon & Port Car- bon R. R. and Mahanoy <& Broad Mountain R. R., 93 mis. N. N. W. of Philadelpliia and 35 mis. N. N. W. of Reading. The site of the borough is rugged and picturesque in the ex- treme, as are the surroundings. Above the borough the gorge in which it is situated ex- pands into a valley affording an outlet for building. In this are several machine shops and large iron manufactories. It is situated in the heart of the anthracite coal regions, and is noted for its large trade in this mi'ueral and its extensive interests in mining. Pop., 12,384 ; ill ISiiO. 9,319. Six newspapers. Poughkeepsie, p. o. in Sharp CO., Ark. Poufflikeepsie, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 4,009. *Poug:likeepsie, city and co. seat of Dutch- ess CO., N. i., on E. bankof Hu-dson R. and on New Y^ork Central &, Hudson River R. R., at S. W. terminus of Poughkeepsie & Eastern R. R., 75 mis. N. of New Yoi'k City. It is de- lightfully situated, is noted for the number and excellence of its educational institutions, among which is Vassar College, and is the largest city V>etween New York and AUmny. Its manufacturing interests are large and varied ; its river commerce active and remun- erative and its trade important, with very rich agricultural surroundings. Poji., 20,060; in 1860, 14,286. Seven newspapers. Pon^bqnag:, p. v. in Dutchess co.,N. V., 6 mis. from I'awling. Potiltney, tn. in Rutland CO., Vt. Pop., 2,836. Poultne.Vi p. V. in the above tn., on the Rut- land & Washington Branch of the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 18 mis. W. S. W. of Rutland. Seat of several educational institutions. Has large interests in slate mining and shipping. Two newspapers. Ponnd, p. o. in AVise co., Va. Potiiidridge, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 1,194. Poiindridg'c, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Bedford Station. Powar's Store, p. o. in Casey Co., Ky. Poway, p. o. in San Diego co., Cal. Powder Spring' Gap, }>. o. in Grainger CO., Tenn. POWDER SPRINGS. 735 PEAIRIE. Powder Springs, p. o. In Cobb CO., Ga. Powell, tu. in Craighead co., Ark. Pop., 1,098. Powell, CO. in Ky., K. central part. Area about auO sq. nils. Pop., 2,599; in 18(50, 2,'257. It is traverseil from E. to W. by tbe lied R., a tributary of the Kentucky R. Tlie surface is rolling and billy and the soil pro^luctive. Stanton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 2,105 bush.; rye, 490 bush.; In- dian-corn, S8,U22 bush.; oats. 5,080 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,537 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,245 bush.; but- ter, 30,237 lbs.; hay, 252 tons. Cash value of farms, $306,5150. Total, estimated, value of all farm proiliictions, includmg additions to stock, etc., §101,074. Value of manufactures, *20,000. Powell, p. o. in McDonald co.. Mo. Powell, p. V. in Delaware co., Ohio, 5 mis. from Orange Station. Powell, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. Powell, tn. in Scott co., Va. Pop., 2,261. Powell Dale, p. o. in Bosque co., Tex. Powellsburgli, p. o. in Clay co., lians. Powell's Ford, v. in Shenandoah co., Va., on Passage Cr. Pop., 704. Powell's Mills, p. o. in Pike co., Ky. Powell's River rises in the Alleghany Mts. of Lee CO., Va.; flowing S. W. into Tenn., empties into the Clinch R. in Anderson co. Powell's Station, p. o. in Knox co., Tenn. Powell's Valley, p. o. in Multnomah co., Oreg. Powellsville, p. o. in Scioto co., Oliio. Powellton, p. o. in Butte CO., Cal. Powellton, p. o. in Brunswick CO., Va. Powellville, p. o. in Coweta co., Ga. Powellville, p. o. in Wicomico co., Md. Powel's Creelt, p. o. in Dauphin co., Pa. Powels Talley, p. v. in Dauphin co., Pa., 2^ mis. S. of Halifax. Powelton, p. o. in Richmond CO., N. C. Powelton, p. v. in Centre co., Pa., on the Tyrone & Clearfield Branch of the Pennsylva- nia R. R., 16 mis. N. of Tvrone. Powers, p. o. in the v. of Brown, in Terrell co., Ga., on the Central R. R. of Georgia, 8 mis. S. W. of Smithville. Powers, p. v. in Jay co., Ind., on the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 3 mis. N. W. of Ridgeville. Pop. about 200. Powers' Shop, p. o. in Laurens district, S.C. Powersville, p. o. in Houston co., Ga. Powersville, p. o. in Bracken co., Ky. Poweshieli, co. in Iowa, E. central part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., 15,581; in 1860, 5,668. The surface is generallj' level and the soil fertile. It is drained by the head streams of English R. and by Bear Cr. It is intersected by the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. and tlie Iowa Central R. R. Montezuma is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 709,726 bush.; rye, 533 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,435,- 557 bush.; oats, 189,362 bush.; Irish pot's, 78,987 bush.; sweet pot's, 167 bush.; wool, 28,127 lbs.; butter, 286,630 lbs.; hay, 22,783 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,107,700. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,507,008. Value of manufac- tures, $168,432. Powesblek, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 1,239. Powhatan, p. v. and the co. seat of Lawrence CO., Arlr., 37 mis. N. N. E. of Jacksonport. Powhatan, tn. in Pocahontas co., Iowa. Pop., 180. Powhatan, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Powhatan, p. v. in Richmond co., N. C, on the Carolina Central R. R., 39 mis. N. W. of Lumljcrton. Powhatan, tn. in James City co., Va. Pop., 1,107. Powhatan, co. in Va., S. E. part. Area, 280 sq. mis. Pop., 7,667; in 1860, 8,392. It lies between the James R. on tlie N. and the Ap- pomlattox R. on the S., and has a generally level surface. Its formerly highly productive soil has been greatly exhausted in some parts. Powhatan Court House is the co. seat. Agr, productions in 1870: Wheat, 70,804 bush.; rye, 646 bush.; Indian-corn, 74,896 bush.; oats, 72,046 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,434 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,036 bush.; tobacco, 541,430 lbs.; butter, 3.3,850 lbs.; hay, 290 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,449,229. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $488,- 968. Value of manufactures, $68,710. Powhatan Court Hoase, p. o. in the v of Scottsville, and the co. scat of Powhatan co., Va., 30 mis. W. of Richmond. Powhatan Point, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 12 mis. from Bellaire. Pop., 201. Pownal, In. in Cumberland co., Me. Pop., 981. Pownal, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. Ji!. E. of Xorth Yarmouth. Pownal, tn. in Bennington co., Vt. Pop., 1,705. Pownal, p. V. in the above tn., on the Troy & Boston R. R., 8% mis. N. W. of North Adams. Powy, tn. in San Diego CO., Cal. Pop., 91. Poygan, tn. in Winnebago co.. Wis. Pop., 843. Poygan, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. of ^V inneconne. Poyner, tn. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,063. Poyuett, p. V. in Columbia co.. Wis., on the Madison & Portage R. R., 10^ mis. S. of Por- tage City. Pop., 300. Poy Sippi, tn. in Waushara co.. Wis. Pop., 612. Poy Sippi, p. V. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. of Berlin. Praha, p. o. in Scott co., Minn. Prairie, co. in Ark., E. central part. Area over 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 5,604 ; in 1860, 8,854. It is bounded on the E. by White R. and on the N. by Des Arc Bayou and Cypress Bayou. The Watansas R., a tributary of the White, flows through the co. from W. to E. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. Extensive prairies alternate with fine forests of decid- uous trees. Devall's Bluif is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 886 bush.: Indian- corn, 81,618 bush.; oats, 2,417 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,398 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,671 bush.; tobacco, 11,335 lbs.; cotton, 3,332 bales. Cash value of farms, ^56,045. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., §241,320. Value of manufactures, $75,060, Prairie, tn. in Arkansas co.. Ark. Po,p., 1,03.5. Prairie, tn. in Benton co., Ark. Pop., 167. Prairie, tn. in Boone eo., Ark. Pop., 1,214. Prairie, tn. in Carroll co.. Ark. Pop., 1,568. Prairie, tn. iu Drew CO., Ark. Pop., 266. Prairie, tn. in Franklin co.. Ark. Pop., 1,440. Prairie, tn. in Madison co.. Ark. Pop., 1,251. Prairie, tn. in Newton co., Ark. Pop., .%!. Prairie, tn. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Pop., 1,292. Prairie, tn. iu Searcy co.. Ark. Pop., 202. Prairie, tn. in Washington co.. Ark. Pop., 3,834. Prairie, p. v. in Yolo co., Cal., U14 mis. from Woodland. Prairie, tn. in Edgar co., 111. Pop., 829. Prairie, tn. in Hancock co., 111. Pop., 1,380. Prairie, tn. in Shelby co.. 111. Pop., 1,218. Prairie, tn. iu White co.. 111. Pop., 1,603. Prairie, tn. in Benton co., Ind. Pop., 278. Prairie, tn. in Henry co., Ind. Pop., 1,623. Prairie, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 1,243. Prairie, tn. in Tiptoji co., Ind. Pop., 1,547. Prairie, tn. iu Warren co., Ind. Pop., 667. Prairie, tn. in White co., Ind. Pop., 1,998. Prairie, tn. in Davis co., Iowa. Pop., 600. Prairie, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 474. Prairie, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 704. Prairie, tn. in Mahaska co., Iowa. Pop., 1,364. Prairie, tn. in Wyandotte co., Kans, Pop., Oia. PEAIRIE. 736 PEEBLE. Prairie, tn. in Audrain co., Mo. Pop., 1,191. Prairie, tn. in Franklin co., Mo. Pop., 1,502. Prairie, tn. in Chariton co., Mo. Pop., 1,473. Prairie, tn. in Howard co., Mo. Pop., 2,476. Prairie, tn. in Jaclison co., Mo. Pop., 2,493. Prairie, tn. in Lincoln co.. Mo. Pop., 1,241. Prairie, tn. in McDonald co.. Mo. Pop., 907. Prairie, tn. in Montgomery co., Mo. Pop., 1,6.tS. Prairie, tn. in Randolph co.. Mo. Pop., 2,86.3. Prairie, tn. in Schuyler CO., Mo. Pop., 1,6.53. Prairie, tn. in Franklin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,364. Prairie, tn. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., 1,413. Prairie Bayoa, tn. in Hot Springs co., Ark. Fop., «;->9. Prairie Bird, p. o. in Adair CO., Mo. Prairie Blutt; p. o. in Wilcox CO., Ala. Prairieburs'li, p. v. in Linn co., Iowa, 12 mis. from Ananiosa. Pop., 116. Prairie Centre, p. o. in Prairie co., Ark. Prairie Centre, p. v. in La Salle co., 111., 10 nils, from Ottawa. Prairie Centre, p. o. in Johnson co., Kans. Prairie City, tn. in McDonough co., 111. Pop., 1,64.1. Prairie City, p. v. in the above tn., on the tialesburyl) it Quincy Division of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 23 mis. S. by E. of Ualesburgh. Has some manufactures and considerable trade with agricultural sur- roundings. Pop., 1,078. One newspaper. Prairie City, p. o. in Cherokee Nation, Ind. Ter. *Prairie City, p. v. in Jasper co., Iowa, on the Des Moines Valley R. R., 20 mis. S. W. of Kew- ton. A shipping point for live stock and ag- ricultural products. Pop. about 500. One newsjiaper. Prairie City, p. V. in Douglas co., Kans., on the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., lli/i mis. S. of Lawrence. Pop. about 300. Prairie City, tn. in Bates co.. Mo. Pop., 1,786. Prairie City, p. v. in the above tn., near the Osage K., 5 mis. W. of Rockville. Prairie City, p. o. in Grant co., Oreg. Prairie CreeU, tn. in Logan co.. 111. Pop., 1,164. Prairie Creek, tn. in Vigo co., Ind. Pop., 1,23S. Prairie CrceU, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Hartford. Prairie CreeU, tn. in Dubuque CO., Iowa. Pop.. 1,0J2. Prairie »cpot, p. v. in Wood co., Ohio, 12 mis. from FosLoiia. Prairie «lu Cliien, tn. in Crawford co.. Wis. Pop., 0.661. ♦Prairie du Chein, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, at the W. terminus of the Prairie du Chicn Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., and on E. bank of Mississippi R., 1 mle. above the mouth of the Wisconsin R., nearly opposite McGregor, Iowa, and 60 mis. S. of La Crosse. The river is crossed here by a ferry. The town has extensive manufac- tories and a large trade in farm products. Pop., 2,700. Three newspapers. Prairie du I^ong:, tn. in Monroe co.. 111. Pop. l,14(i. Prairie du Rocher, p. v. in Randolph co., 111., near the Mississippi R., 21 mis. N. W. of Ches- ter. Prairie du Sae, tn. in Sauk co., Wis. Pop., 2,2.")'>. Prairie du Sac, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from JMazo Manie. Prairie Kdjfe, p. o. in jSIontgomery co., Ind. Prairie Farm, p. v. in Barron co., Wis., 35 mis. N. of Menoinonee. Prairie tireen, Ln, in Iroquois CO., 111. Pop., 480. Prairie tSrove, p. o. in Washington co., Ark. Prairie tirove, p. o. in Clark co., 111. Prairie Orove, p. v. in Clark CO., Iowa, 12 mis. ' from Osceola. Prairie Grove, p. o. in Republic co., Kans. Prairie Hill, p. o. in Boone co., Iowa. Prairie Hill, p. o. in Chariton co.. Mo. Prairie Home, p. o. in Shelby co.. 111. Prairie Home, p. o. in Republic co., Kans. Prairie Home, p. o. in Cooper co.. Mo. Prairie Home, p. o. in Lancaster co., Nebr, Prairie I^anding', p. o. in Desha co., Ark. Prairie l.ea, p. v. m Caldwell CO., Tex., 12 mis. from Lockhart. Prairie Plain, p. o. In Republic CO., Kans. Prairie Plains, p. v. in Grimes co., Tex., 15 mis. from Anderson. Pop., 642. Prairie Point, p. o. in Anderson co., Tex. Prairie Ronde, tn. in Kalamazoo co., Mich. Pop., 1,163. Prairie Spring's, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa, Pop., 1,161. Prairie Station, p. o. in Monroe co.. Miss. Prairieton, tn. in' Vigo co., Ind. Pop., 955. Prairleton, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Terre Haute. Prairie Town, p. v. in Madison co., 111., 7 nils, from Bunker Hill. Prairie Valley, p. o. in Hill co., Tex. Prairie View, p. o. in Jefferson co., Kans. Prairieville, tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop., 1,280. Prairieville, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. S. S. W. of Hastings. Prairieville, tn. in Brown co., Minn. Pop., 214. Prairieville, p. v. in Pike co.. Mo., 12 mis. S. E. of Bowling Green and 15 mis. S. of Lou- isiana. Prairieville, p. o. in Kaufman co., Tex. Pratt, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ala. Pratt, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. part. Has a rolling surface, consisting mainly of prairies well iidapted to grazing. It is intersected by White R. and Bad R. Pratt, p. o. in Whitesides CO., 111. Pratt, p. o. in Clay co., Ind. Pratt, p. o. in theV. of Port Jefferson, in Shel- by CO., Ohio, on the Miami Canal. Prattsburjjrli, p. o. in Talbot co., Ga. Prattsburgli, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 2,479. *Prattsburgli, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. of Bath, the co. seat, and 10 mis. E. of Bloods Station on the Erie R. R. Pop., C39. One newspaper. Pratt's Fork, p. o. in Athens co., Ohio. Pratfs Hollow, p. v. in Madison co., N. Y., near the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 4 mis. S. of INlunsville. Pratt's Junction, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Boston, Clinton & Fitchbnrgh R. R. and the Fitchbnrgh & Worcester Divi- sion of the Boston, Clinton & Filchburgh R. R., iU mis. N. W. of Clinton. Prattsville, p. o. in Grant co.. Ark. Prattsville, tn. in Green co., N. Y. Pop., 1,240. Prattsville, p. v. in the abovi^ tn., 36 mis. W. of Catskill and 261^ mis. S. of Middleburgh. It has an academy and several manufactories. Pop., 489. Prattville, p. v. and the co. seat of Autauga CO., Ala., 1314 mis. N. W. of Montgomery. Pop., 1,346. lias some manufactories and one newsjiiipc!!'. Prattville, p. o. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Preble, tn. in Adams co., Ind. Pop., 996. Preble, tn. in Cortland co., N. Y. Pop., 1,150. Preble, p. v. in the above tn., near the Syra- cuse, Binghamton & New Y'ork R. R., 9^^ mis. N. of Cortland Village. Pop., 195. Preble, tn. in Fillmore co.. Minn. Pop., 670. Preble, CO. ill Ohio, S. AV. part. Area, 425 sq. mis. Pop., 21,809; in 1860, 21,820. The surface is undulating and the soil good. The county has large quarries of limestone. It is drained, by several small affluents of the Great; Miami R., which afford excellent water- power. It is intersected by the Dayton & PREBLE. 737 PRILLAMAN'S Western R. R. and the Cincinnati & Rich- mond R. R. Eaton is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 700,475 bush.; rye, 2,- 334 hush.; Indian-corn, 973,t)86 bush.; oats, '298,- 315 bush.; Irish pot's, 55,264 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,600 bush,: butter, 507,313 lbs.; hay, 7,978 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,467,232. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,793,214. Value of manufactures, $960,058. Preble, tn. in Pike co., Ohio. Preble, tn. in Brown co,. Wis. Pop., 1,108. Preemption, tn. in Mercer co., 111. Pop., 1,161. Preemption, p. o. in the above tn. Prentice, p. v. in Morgan co., 111., on the Jacksonville Division of the Chicago* Alton R. R,, 2% mis, S. W. of Ashland. Prentiss, tu. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 387. Prentiss, p, o. in the above tn, Prentiss, co, in Miss,, N, E. part. Area about 425 sq. mis. Pop., 9,348. The surface is slightly undulating and the soil productive. The co. is drained by the source streams of the East Fork of the Tombigtaee R. Boone ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 6,732 bush.; rye, 255 bush.; Indian-corn, 239,406 bush.; oats, 5,.399 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,742 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,132 bush.; cotton, 2,604 bales ; butter, 67,823 lbs. Cash value of farms, $795,547. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $635,483. Value of manufactures, $41,690. Prentiss, p, o, in Bolivar co., Miss. Prentiss Vale, p. o. in McKean co.. Pa. ♦Prescott, p. V. and the co. seat of Yavapai CO., Ariz,, 140 mis. E. of Colorado R, and 500 S, of Salt Lake City ; among the Pine Moun- tains and in a mining region. An important supply point. Pop. about 700. One newspa- per. Prescott, p. V. in Shelby co., Ind., on the In- dianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 4?^ mis. S. E. of Shelbyville. Prescott, p. o. in Adams co.* Iowa. Prescott, p. V. in Linn co., Kans,, on the Mis- souri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R,, 16 mis. N. of Fort Scott. Prescott, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., 511. Prescott, p. V. in the above tn., on the Athol & Enfleld R. R., 5 mis. N. of Enfleld. Prescott, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Pop.. 532. *Prescott, p. V. in Pierce co.. Wis., on the Jlississippi R. below the mouth of the St. Croix, and 30 inls. below St. Paul, Minn. Ship- ping point for grain by way of the R, and seat of several manufactures. Pop,, 1,138. One newspaper. President, tn. in Venango co.. Pa. Pop., 618. President, p. v. in the above tn., on the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., 13 mis. from Oil City. Presidio, co. in Tex., W. part. Area, 21,000 sq. mis. Pop., 1,636 ; in 1860, 580. The Rio Grande forms its S. boundary, separating it from Mexico, and receives some small affluents. The CO. is intersected from N. W", to S. E. by several ranges of mountains with intervening valleys. The climate is arid and the soil sterile. Fort Davis is the co. seat. Presqne Isle, tn. in Aroostook co,, Me. Pop., 970. ' ♦Presqne Isle, p. v. in the above tn., on Presque R., 17 mis. from steamboat naviga- tion on the St. John R. and 42 N. of Houlton. Has flue water-power, and lumber and pro- duce trade. One newspaper. Presqne Isle, eo, in Mich,, N. part. Area, 730 sq. mis. Pop., 3.55 ; in 1860, 26. The surface is undulating and the soil moderately fertile. The CO. contains many lakes, the principal of which are Grand and Long and part of Che- boygan Lakes. Lake Huron forms the north- eastern and E, boundary. 47 Presho, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. part ; borders in the N. on the Missouri R., and is inter- sected from W. to E. by Bad R. and Medi- cine R. The surface consists of rolling prai- ries. Preston, v. in Marion co., Cal. Preston, tn. in New London co.. Conn. Pop., 2,161. Preston, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Norwich. *Preston, p, v. and the co. seat of Webster co,, Ga,, 20i^mls, from Americus, Pop,, 186. Preston, p. v. in Randolph co.. 111., 18 mis. N. of Chester. Preston, tn, in Richland co.. Ill, Pop., 1,033. Preston, tn. in Union co.. 111. Pop., 629. Preston, tn. in Emmett co., Iowa. Pop., 153. Preston, p. v. in .Jackson co., Iowa. Preston, p. v. in Caroline co,, Md., 9 mis. from Federalsburgh. Preston, tn, in Fillmore co., Minn. Pop., 1,498. *Preston, p, v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 3 mis. from Isinour's Station on South- ern Minnesota R. R. Center of trade for agri. cultural surroundings. Pop., 600. One news- paper. Preston, tn. in Platte CO., Mo. Pop., 1,692. Preston, tn. in Jasper co,. Mo. Pop,, 1,174. Preston, p. o. in the above tn. Preston, tn. in Chenango co,, N. Y. Pop., 957. Preston, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. of Norwich. Pop,, 102. Preston, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Preston, v. .in Muskingum co., Ohio. Preston, tn. in Wayne co., Pa. Pop., 1,400. Preston, p. o, in the above tn. Preston, v. in Wharton co., Tex. Preston, co. in W. Va., N. N. E. part. Area about 750 sq. mis. Pop., 14,555 ; in 1860, 13,312. It borders in the E. on Md, and in the N. on Pa. The Laurel Ridge trends along its west- ern boundary. The Alleghany INIts. intersect the eastern part. The Cheat R. drains the CO., and the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. passes through it. Kingwood is the co, seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 33,695 bush,; rye, 20,.5S1 bush,; Indian-corn, 145,004 bush.; oats, 189,070 bush.; Irish pot's, 24,0B3 bush,; sweet pot's, 391 bush.; butter, 193,233 lbs,; hay, 11,961 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,541,651, Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cludingadditions to stock, etc., $730,462. V^alue of manufactures, $532,407. Preston, tn. in Trempealeau co.. Wis. Pop., 955. Preston, tn. in Adams co.. Wis. Pop,, 161. Prestonbnrgb, p.v, and the co.seat of Floyd CO., Ky., 31 mis. from Louisa. Pop., 169. Preston Hollow, p. v. in Albany co., N. T., 13^.^ mis, from Middleburgh. Pop., 284. Preston I^ake, tn. in Renville co., Minn. Pop., 198. Preston Tannery, p. o. in Preston co., W. Va. Prestonville, p, o. in Rhea co., Tenn. Pretty Marsh, p, o. in Hancock co., Me. Prim, p. o, in Blackford co., Ind. Price, p. o. in Mercer co , Ohio. Price, tn. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 259. Price's Branch, p. v. in Montgomery co., Mo., 6 mis, N, E. of New Florence. Price's Creels, p, o. in De AYitt co., Tex. Price's I^anding, p. o. in Scott co,. Mo. Price's Mills, v. in Mahoning co., Ohio, 9 mis. S, of Bracevillc. The p. o. is JMilton. Price's Station, p, o, in Queen Anne CO., Md. Price's Store, p, o, in Rockingham co., N. C. Pricetown, p. o. in Highland co., Ohio. Pricetown, p. o. in BiAks co.. Pa. Priceville, p, o, in Huntington co,, Ind. Prichard, p, o, in Baker co., Oreg. Prickly Pear, v. in Jefferson co., Mont. Tor., 8 mis. from Helena. Pop,, 223. Pride's Station, p. o. in Colbert co,, Ala, Prillaman's, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. PRIMKOSE. 738 PRINCETON JUNCTION. Primrose, p. v. in Lee co., Iowa, 3 mis. N. of Warren on the Burlington & Southwestern R. R. Primrose, v. in Lewis co., Mo., 6 mis. from Monticello. Primrose, p. o. in Williams co., Ohio. Primrose, tn. in Dane co., Wis. Pop., 1,015. Primrose, p. v. in the above tn., 22 mis. from Madison. Prince Edward, co. in Va., S. S. E. part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 12,004; in 1860, 11,844. It is drained by Harris, Bush, Briery and Sandy Crs., and borders in the N. on the Ap- pomatox R. The surface is uneven and the soil good. Parts of the co. have been exhaust- ed by long cultivation. The Richmond & Danville R. R. passes through the co. Farm- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 43,820 bush.; Indian-corn, 87,440 bush.; oats, 67,445 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,544 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,484 bush.; tobacco, 960,700 lbs.; butter, 51,791 lbs.; hay, 268 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,707,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock,etc., $356,055. Value of manufactures, $93,486. Prince Edward Conrt Honse, v. in the above CO., 8 mis. S. S. W. of Farmville. Prince Fredericktown, p. v. and the co. seat of Calvert co., Md., 5 mis. W. of Chesa- peake B. and 35 mis. S. of Annapolis, Pop., 64. One newspaper. Prince George, co. in Va., S. E. part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 7,820 ; in 1860, 8,411. James R. washes the northern border and the Appomattox the north-western. Black Water R. drains it. The surface is rolling and the soil moderately productive. The Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R. passes through the CO. Prince Geoi-ge Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 47,282 bush.; Indian-corn, 164,050 bush.; oats, 31,390 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,485 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,986 bush.; tobacco, 1,800 lbs.; butter, 11,912 lbs.; Ilay, 179 tons. Cash value of farms, $969,513. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $383,683. Value of manufactures, $87,718. Prince George Conrt Honse, p. v. and the CO. seat of the above co., 5 mis. E. of Petei's- burgh. Prince George's, co. in Md., S. part. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 21,138 ; in 1860, 23,327. It is bounded on the E. by the Patuxent R., on the W. by the Potomac R. and the District of Columbia. The Anacosta Or., Piscataway Cr., and the West Branch of tlie Patuxent R. drain the co. The surface is rolling and the soil fertile. Upper Marlborough is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 79,706 bush.; rye, 23,849 bush.; Indian-corn, 518,131 bush.; oats, 57,411 bush.; Irish pot's, 60,179 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,099 bush.; butter, 69,658 lbs.; hay, 6,536 tons. Casli value of farms, $7,- 358,111. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includmg additions to stock, etc., $1,340,947. Value of manufactures, $609,- 337. prince of Wales, p. o. in Breckinridge co., Ky. Prince's Bay, p. v. in Richmond co., N. Y., on the Staten Island R. R., 2% mis. E. of Tot- tenville. Princess Anne, co. in Va., forming the S. E. extremity of the state. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 8,273; in 18(i0, 7,714. It borders on N. C. in the S.; on the Atlantic Ocean in the B., and on Chesapeake B. in the N. The sui-- face is level and the soil sandy and but mod- erately productive. There are extensive pine and cypress forests in the co. Princess Anne Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,831 bush.; Indian-corn, 398,- 105 bush.; oats, 21,985 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,975 l)U3h.; sweet pot's, 39,416 bush.; tobacco, 400 lbs.; butter, 25,112 lbs.; hay, 1,229 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,412,328. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $622,615. Value of manu- factures, $199,474. *Princess Anne, p. v. and the co. seat of Somerset co., Md., on the Eastern Shore R. R., near the head of Manokin estuary, 13 mis. S. of Salisbury. Pop., 805. Two new'spapers. Princess Anne Conrt Honse, p. v. and the CO. seat of Princess Anne co., Va. Princeton, p. o. in Jackson co., Ala. Princeton, tn. in Dallas co., Ark. Pop., 1,142. Princeton, p. v. and the co. seat of Dallas CO., Ark., 56 mis. S. S. W. of Little Rock. Princeton, p. v. in Colusa co., Cal., on the Sacramento R., 17 mis. from Gridley. Pop., 132. Princeton, tn. in Bureau co.. 111. Pop., 4,363. ^Princeton, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 21 mis. S. W. of Mendota. Surrounded by a rich agricultural district ; has an active trade and several manufactories. Pop., 3,264. Two newspapers. Princeton, tn. in Cass co., 111. Pop., 348. *Princeton, p. v. and the co. scat of Gibson CO., Ind., on the Evansville & Crawfordsville R. R., 27 mis. N. of Evansville. Center of a rich agricultural district. Pop., 1,847. Two newspapers. Princeton, tn. in White co., Ind. Pop., 851. Princeton, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 1,197. *Princeton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mis- sissippi R., 21 mis. above Davenport and op- posite Cordova, 111. Pop., 498. Princeton, p. o. in Franklin co., Kans. ^Princeton, p. v. and the co. seat of Caldwell CO., Ky., near the Elizabeth i% Paducah R. R., 13 mis. K. E. of Eddyville and in the midst of an extensive coal region. Engaged in manu- facturing. Pop., 1,012. One newspaper. Princeton, tn. in Washington co., Me. Pop. 1,072. Princeton, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Croix & Penobscot R. R., 17 mis. N. W. o/ Calais. Princeton, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop , 1,279. Princeton, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. fron> Oakdale. Princeton, tn. in Mille Lac CO., Minn. Pop. 662. Princeton, p. v. in the above tn. and the co scat, 21 mis. from Elk River Station. ♦Princeton, p. v. and the co. seat of Mercei CO., Mo., near Weldon R. and on Southwestern Division of Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R R.,45mls. N. of Chillicothe. Pop., 389. One newspaper. Princeton, tn. in Mercer co., N. J. Pop., 3,986. *Princeton, p. v. in Mercer co., N. J., on Del- aware & Raritan Canal, at W. terminus of Princeton Branch of Camden & Amboy Divi- sion of Pennsylvania R. R., 49 mis. S. W. of New York and 15 mis. N. B. of Trenton. The town is pleasantly situated on an elevated ridge comAanding a fine prospect, and is re- nowned as the seat of Princeton College and Theological Seminary, ranking among the oldest and most prosperous literary institu- tions in the country. Pop., 2,798. Three news- papers, two of which are connected with the college. Princeton, p. o. In Johnson co., N. C. Princeton, p. v. in Lawrence co.. Pa., 7 mis. E. of Newcastle. Princeton, p. o. and the co. seat of Mercer CO., W. Va., 33 mis. N. of Wytheville, Va. Princeton, tn. in Green Lake co., Wis. Pop., 1,709. ♦Princeton, p. v. in the above tn., on Fox R. and on the Sheboygan & Fond du Lac R. R., 13 mis. S. W. of Berlin. Center of an active and growing trade. Pop., 705. One newspaper. Princeton Junction, p. o. in Mercer co., N. J. PRINCETOWN. 739 PROVIDENCE. Princetown, tn. in Schenectady CO., N. Y, Pop., 846. Princeville, tn. in Peoria CO., 111. Pop.,l,3.3.'5. »PrinceviHe, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Pcoiia & Kock Island R. R., H mis. S. of Wy- oming. Pop., 4i4. Princeville. p. o. in Cloud co., Kans. Priiace IVilliam, p. v. in Cairoll co., Ind., 12 ml<. from Delphi. Prince William, co. in Va., N. E. part. Area al.oat 3'20 sq. nils. Pop., 7,504 ; in 1860, 8,565. It l)nrt4»n, p. borough in Wayne Co., Pa., 4 mis. from Honesdale. Pop., 394. Propell, p. o. in Shelby co , Ala. Prot»Uetstown,tn.in Whitesidesco.,111. Pop., 1,274. *Prophetstown, p. v. in the above tn., on Roelc R., 15 mis. from its mouth, and on the Mendota & Clinton Division of the Chicago. Burlington & Quincy R. R., 45 mis. W. N. W. of Mendota. Pop., 276. One newsi^aper. Prospect, tn. in Xew Haven co., Conn. Pop., .051. Prospect, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Cheshire Station. Prospect, p. o. in Madison co., Ind. Prospect, p. o. in Clay co., Iowa. Prospect, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 886. Prospect, p. V. in the above tn., 14 mis. from Belfast. Prospect, p. V. in Harford co., Md., 143^ mis. N. W. of Port Deposit. Prospect, p. V. in Oneida co., N. Y., 2 mis. N. E. of Prospect Station on the litica & Black River R. R., 18 mis. N. of Utica. Pop., 312. Prospect, tn. in Marion co., Ohio. Pop., 1,280. Prospect, p. o. in the v. of Middletown, in the above tn., 6 mis. N. E. of Richwood. Prospect, p. V. in Butler co.. Pa., 19]4 mis. from Newcastle. Pop., 271. Prospect, borough in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 576. Prospect, p. V. in Prince Edward co., Va., oa the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 28 mla. from Burkeville. Pop. about 200. Prospect Ferry, p. v. in Waldo CO., Me., 14 mis. from Belfast. Prospect Grove, p. o. in Scotland co.. Mo. Prospect Hall, p. o. in Bladen co., N. C. Prospect Harbor, n. v. in Hancock co , Me., on the sea coast, 29^^ mis. S. E. of Ellsworth. Prospect Hill, p. v. in Clay co., Mo., 9 mis. E. of Kearney and 5 mis. W. of Vibbard. Prospect Hill, p. o. in Caswell co., W. C. Prospect Hill, p. o. in Fairfax co., Va. Prospect Hill, p. v. in Waukesha co.. Wis., 8 mis. from Waukesha. Prospect L.ake, p. o. in Van Buren co. ,Micli. Prospect Plains, p. v. in Middlesex co., N. J., on the Amboy Division of the Pennsyl- vania R. R., 16 mis. from South Amboy Pop., about 200. Prospect Station, p. o. in Chautauqua co., N. \ . Prospect Station, p. v. in Giles co., Tenn., on tlie Nashville & Decatur R. R., 14 mis. from Pulaski. Prospect "Valley, p. o. in Harrison co., W. Va. Prospectville, p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., 5 mis. N. of Penllvn. Prosper, p. o. in Fillmore co., Minn. Prosperity, p. o. in Franklin co.. 111. Prosperity, p. o. in Madison co., Ind. Prosperity, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ky. Prosperity, p. o. in Moore co., N. C. Prosperity, p. v. in Washington co.. Pa., lOJ^ mis. from Washington. Protection, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., on the Buffalo, New York & Philadelphia R. R., 14 mis. S. of East Aurora. Pronts' Station, p. o. in Erie co., Ohio. Provemont, p. o. in Leelenaw co., Mich. Providence, p. o. in Pickens co., Ala. Providence, p. o. in Searcy co.. Ark. Providence, p. v. in Bureau co.. 111., 6 mis. W. of Tiskilwa. Providence, p. o. in Webster co., Ky. Providence, tn. in Hardin co., Iowa. Pop., 1,335. Providence, p. o. in Yalabusha co.. Miss. Providence, p. o. in Boone co., Mo. Providence, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,1,55. Providence, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Amsterdam. Providence, tn. in Lucas co., Ohio. Pop., 863. Providence, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 1,906. Providence, p. borough in Luzerne co.. Pa., on the Delaware & Hudson R. R., 1% mis. N. of Scranton. Providence, co. in R. I., forming the north- ern extremitj' of the state. Area about 375 sq. mis. Pop., 149,190 ; in 1860, 107,799. It is bounded on the S. by the Pawtuxet R., and on the E. partly by the Blackstone R. The surface is uneven and in some parts quite rough. The soil is fertile and in a high state of cultivation. Manufacturing is the princi- pal branch of industrj' of the inhabitants. The Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R. passes along the northern border of the co. The Providence & Worcester R. R. and the Boston 6 Providence R. R. intersect the co. Provi- dence is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 151 bush.; rye, 9,887 bush.; Indian-corn, 85,114 bush.; oats, 15,386 bush.; Irish pot's, 329,482 bush.: butter, 296,128 lbs.; hay, 38,603 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,245,105. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $2,140,477. Principal products of industry. Bleaching and dyeing. $13,363,723; men's clothing, $1,198,- 531; cotton goods, $14,-532,002; flour, $1,050,983; hardware, $649,(K)0; forged and rolled iron, $753,500; castings, stoves, etc., $1,317,605; jew- PROVIDENCE. 740 PULASKI elrv, $2,978,146 ; leather (tanned and curried), ^,8-28,2<>4; uiacliinery (cotton and woollen), $1,050,370; plated ware,$l,'21'2,-240; printing cot- ion Koods, $1'2,50'2,050 ; screws, $1,882,318; wool- len f:f00ds, $S,2i»5,SG7, and worsted goods, $2,- 835,950. Total value of manufactures, $85,142,03-2. •Providence, the largest city in It, I., port of entry, co. seat of Providence co., and semi- capital of the state ; is situated on Both sides of Providence R. at the head of Providence B. and Narragansett J5., 35 mis. from the ocean. The R. divides the city into two nearly equal parts, which are connected by numerous bridges. The site is hilly and the streets ir- regular, but the general appearance is pictur- esque and pleasing. Near the center of tlie city is a lake one mile in circumference, in- closed with drives, walks and shade trees, ■whose presence adds effect to the beauty ot the surroundings. The private residences were formerly mostly of wood, but these are fast being replaced by substantial and beauti- ful structures of brick and granite. Tlie public buildings are extensive and costly granite structures, beautiful in design and pleasantly situated. Hero are numerous be- nevolent and disciplinarian institutions. Among these are Butler Hospital for the In- sane, Dexter Asylum for the Poor, the State Prison, Home for Aged Women, and the Children's Friends' Society. The city has always been noted for the number and effec- tiveness of its schools and higher institutions of learning, among the latter of which is Brown University (Baptist), founded in War- ren in 1764, and "removed hither in 1770. It comprises Ave distinct, handsomely located and liberally supported buildings. Fi-om Providence railroads radiate to all parts of the state and into Mass. These are the Bos- ton & Proviitence R. R., Providence & Wor- cester R. R., Providence, Warren & Bristol U. R., Hartford, Providence & Fishkill R. R., and Stonington & Providence R. R., all of which contribute materially to its import- ance as an industrial and trade center. Its situation at the head of a safe, easily accessi- ble, though not deep, harbor, gives it good commei-cial facilities. Its principal exports are cloths and other manufactured articles; its imports molasses, sugar, coal, salt and iron. The manufactures of Providence are extensive aiid varied, annually absorbing a large amount of capital, consuming great quantities of raw material, and footing tip over $80,000,000 worth of products. There are over 100 establishments for the manufacture of jewelry, many foundries and machine shops, and factories for producing wood- screws, muskets, cannon and cannon balls, cotton and woollen goods, locomotives, Bteani-engines, stoves, hinges, nails, axes, brass, copper and tinware, wire,cabinetware, carriages, boots and shoes, etc. There are twenty-four National Banks, with a capital of $15,000,000, numerous lai'ge and trustworthy insurance companies, several tine hotels, anil other institutions incident to a wealthy and busy city. In the year ended on June 30, 1872, Provi- dence imported from foreign countries goods to the value of $51)7,314, and exported t o foreign countries domestic goods to the value of $(>,- 448. The commercial fleet consisted vf 64 sail- ing vessels of 9,151 tons, and 21 steam vessels Of 9,965 tons. There are fifteen newspapers, the principal of which are the " Bulletin" (daily), "Jour- nal " (dailv, semi-weekly, weekly),*" Herald " ((laily), "Press" (daily), and "Star " (daily). Providence was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, and 1850 had a pop. of 40,014 ; in 1860, 49,129, and in 1870, 68,904. Providence, p. v. in Cache co., Utah Ter., 3 mis. S. of Logan. Providence, p, o. in Campbell co., Va. Providence, tn. in Fairfax co., Va. Pop., 3,136, Providence Forge, p. v. in New Kent oo., Va., 20 mis. fromTunstall. Provincetown, tn. in Bi^irnstable co., Mass. Pop,, 3,865. ♦Provincetown, p, v. in the above tn„ on N. extremity of Cape Cod, 00 nds. S. E. of Boston, with which it is connected by steamer. It has a good harbor, is growing in favor as a summer resort, and is largely engaged in the fisheries and ship building. One newspaper. Proviso, tn. in Cook co.. 111. Pop., 2,091. Proviso, p. o, in the above tn. Provo City, p. v. and the co. seat of Utah co.. Utah Ter,, on the E. shore of Utah Lake, 3(1 mis. S. of Salt Lake City. Pop., 2,384, Prowsville, v. in Washington co., Ind., 3 mlsk from Buena Vista. Prnnty's, p. o. in Henry co., Va. Prnnty town, p. v. and the co. seat of Taylor CO., W, Va., 3 mis. from Fetterman. Pryor.sbnrg'h, p. o. in Graves co., Kv. Pryor's Store, p. o. in Douglas co., Mo. Pnchett's Ferry, p. o. in Lauren's district, s. c. Pndletown, v. in La Porte co., Ind., 3 mis. from Rollina Prairie. Paeblo, CO, in Colo, Ter,, S. central part. Pop., 2,265. It extends E. of the Rocky Mts., and is traversed from E. to W. by the Arkansas K. The part of the co. which lies S. of this stream includes the northern termination of the Raton Mts., the valleys of which are highly productive. The remainder consists of plains, gently sloping fi'om W. to E., and being covered with nutritious grasses is a fine region for stock raising. Pueblo is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 24,4,51 bush,; Indian-corn, 99,390bush.; oats, 39,- 822 bush.; Irish pot's, 105 bush.; wool, 6,000 lbs.; butter, 14,963 lbs,; hay, 1,300 tons. Cash value of farms, $.531,140, Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $307,165. Value of manufactures, $127,100. ♦Pneblo, p. V. and the co. seat of the above CO., on Arkansas li. and on Denver & Rio Grande Narrow Gauge R. R., 126 mis. S. of Denver. A new and growing place, the trade metropolis of southern Colo,, and surrounded by an agricultural and stock-raising district. Pop,, ()6(J. Four newspapers. Pucheta, tn, in Auglaize co,, Ohio. Pop., 1,290, Puerto de linna, p. o. in San Miguel co., N. Mex. Ter. Pug:li, p, o. in the v. of Mount Olivet, or Bur- ton's Station, in Belmont co., Ohio, on the Central Ohio Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 4U mis. W. of Belmont, Pngiitown, Y>. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 11 mis. W. N, W. of Phcenixville. Pulaski, CO. in Ark,, central part. Area about 1,100 SCI. mis. Pop,, 32,066; in 1860, 11,699, The Arkansas R, intersects the co. from N. W. to S. E., and flows through a wide and fertile valley, from which the surface rises toward the N. and W. Little Rock, the state capital, is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 9,673 bush,; Indian-corn, 516,519 bush,; oats, 16,442 bush,; Irish pot's, 20,252 bush,; sweet pot's, 41,743 bush,; cotton, 14,891 lbs. Cash value of farms, $2,r>;i3,509. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,046,937. Value of manufactures, $688,003. Pulaski, CO. in Ga,, central part. Area about 600 sq, nils. Pop., 11,940 ; in 1860, 8,744. The surface of the central part is hilly, and sepa- rates the tributaries of the Ocmulgee R., which traverses the western part, from thoso of the Gum SwaTup Cr., which intersects tha •eastern. The Macon & Brunswick B. R. inter PULASKI. 741 PURGITSVILLE. sects the co. Hawkinsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 393 busli.: Indian-corn, 215,375 busli.; oats, 13,646 busli.; Irish pot's, 3,314 bush.; sweet pot's, 20,432 bush.; cotton, (),UL7 bales : butter, 17,320 lbs. Cash value of farms, $590,240. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to slock, etc., $1,026,775. Value of man- ufactures, $324,216. Pulaski, CO. in 111., S. part. Area about 185 sq. mis. Pop., 8,752 ; in 1S60, 3,943. The Ohio 11. forms tbe S. E. boundary and separates tlie CO. from Ky. The Cache R. partly bounds it on tlie N. aiid W. The surface is rolling and deeply furrowed b.y the fertile valleys of small streams. The Illinois Central R. R. in- tersects the CO. from S. to N. Mound City is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 44,922 bush.; rye, 222 bush.; Indian-corn, 195,735 bush.; oats, 16,511 bush.; Irish pot's, 24,6.52 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,5(59 bush.; butter, (i95 lbs.; liay, 988 tons. Cash value of farms, $810,661. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $330,- 712. Value of uianufactures, $544,447. PiilasUl, p. o. in the above co. Pulaski, CO. in Ind., N. W. part. Area, 430 sq. mis. Pop., 7,822 ; in 1860, 5,711. The surface is mostly level. About one-half of the co. con- sists of prairies, the other half of oak open- ings. The Tippecanoe R. is the principal stream. The soil of the river bottoms is very fertile. The Louisville, New Albany & Chi- cago R. R. and the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. pass through the co. Wina- mac is the co seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wlieat, 87,640 bush.; rye, 12,035 bush.; Indian- corn, 60,512 bush.; oats, 25,186 bush.; Ii-ish pot's, 50,102 bush.; sweet pot's, 270 bush.'; butter, 147,015 lbs.; hay, 17,442 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,467,985. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $8s5,293. Total value of manufac- tures, $145,405. Pulaski, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pulaski, p. o. in Davis co., Iowa. Pulaski, CO. in Ky., S. central part. Area, 640 sq. mis. Pop., 17,670; in 1860, 17,201. The surface is undulating and hilly. Minerals are found. The Cumberland R. intersects the central part, and the co. is drained by Bushy and Big South Forks of the same river. Som- erset is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 43,918 bush.; rye, 1,848 bush.; Indian- corn, 4,666,379 bush.; oats, 176,016 bush.; Irish pot's, 34,790 bush.; sweet pot's, 21.709 bush.; butter, 279,716 lbs.; hay, 2,252 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,773,628. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,969,237. Total value of manu- factures, $216,147. Pulaski, tn. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop., 1,165. Pulaski, p. V. in. the above tn., 5 mis. S. of Concord. Pulaski, CO. in Mo^ S. central part. Pop., 4,714 ; in 1860, 3,835. The Gasconade R. forms S. W. boundary and then flows through th< the CO., receiving the Big Piney R. and Rotii- doux Or. The surface is broken and lieavily timbered ; the soil of the valleys exceedingly rich, while the uplands are but moderatel5' productive. Iron ore and building stone are abundant. The Atlantic & Pacilic R. R. passes through the northern partof the co. Waynes- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 28,037 bush.; rye, 765 bush.; In- dian-corn, 201,019 bush.; oats, 20,873 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,353 bush.; sweet pot's, 231 bush.; but- ter, 78,.5S01bs.; tobacco, 9,020 lbs.; hay, 346 tons. Cash value of farms, $551,385. Total, estimated, valueof all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $245,341. Value of manu- factui es, $53,785. •Pulaski, p. V. and semi-co. seat of Oswego CO., N. Y., on Salmon R. and on the Syracuse Northern R. R., and the Oswego & Rome R, R., 4 mis. E. of Lake OnUrio and 24 E. N. E. of Oswego. A maTmfacturing village. Pop. about 800. One newspaper. Pulaski, tn. in Williams co., Ohio. Pop., 3.547. Pulaski, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. from Bryan. Pulaski, tn. in Lawrence co.. Pa. Pop., 1.563. Pulaski, p. V. in the above tn., on the Erie & Beaver Canal and the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R., 11 mis. N. of Newcastle. Pulaski, tn. in Beaver co.. Pa. Pop., 943. ^Pulaski, p. V. and the co. seat of Giles co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Decatur Division of Louisville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 75 mis. S. of Nashville. Trade center for an agricultural and stock-raising section. Pop., 2,070. One newspaper. Pulaski, CO. in Va., S. W. part. Pop., 6,538; 1860, 5,416. It occupies a portion of tlie valley of the New R. and is bounded on the N. W. by Walker's Mt. and on the S. E. by Camp Mt. New R. intersects it and then flows along the N. E. border, receiving Little R., which also forms part of the N. E. boundary. The soil of the valley is fertile and well adapted to farm- ing and grazing. The Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R. intersects the co. Newborn is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 38,411 bush.; rye, 7,623 bush.; Indian-corn, 96,- 690 bush.; oats, 27,301 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,120 bush.; tobacco, 18,580 lbs.; butter, 53,100 lbs.; hay, 2,817 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,500,533. Total, estimated, value of all farni produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $177,- 489. Value of manufactures, $194,512. Pulaski, tn. m Iowa co.. Wis. Pop., 1,082. Pulaskiville, p. o. in Morrow co.,Ohio. Pulcifer, p. o. in Shawano co.. Wis. Pnl^as, tn. in San Mateo co., Cal. Pop., 1,438. Pulley's Mill, p. o. in Williamson co., III. Pultiiey, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 1,39.3. Pultuey, p. V. in the above tn., near the W. Shore of Crooked Lake, 14 mis. S. S. W. of Ponn Yan. Pultney, tn. in Belmont co., Ohio. Pop.,6,.319. Pultneyville, p. v. in Wayne co., N. Y., on the shore of Lake Ontario, 16 mis. N. of Pal- myra. Pumphrey's lianding, p. o. In Cowlitz co.. Wash. Ter. Pung^o, tn. in Princess Anne co., Va. Pop., 2,120. Pungo Creek, p. o. in Beaufort co., N. C. Pnu^oteague, tn. in Accomack co., Va. Pop., 4,543. Pungoteague, p. v. in Accomack co., Va., 9 mis. S. W. of Accomack Court House. Punjaub, p. o. in St. Genevieve co.. Mo. Punta Arenas, tn. in Mendocino co., Cal. Pop., 1,406. Punta Arenas, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pacific coast, 37 mis. N. W. of Cloverdale. Pop., 956. Punta Rassa, p. o. in Monroe co., Fla. *Punxatawney, p. borough in Jefferson CO., Pa., on Big Mahoning Cr., 15 mis. S. E. of Brookville and 75 mis. N. E. of Pittsburgh. Extensive interests in the lumber trade. Pop., 553. One newspaper. Purcell, p. o. in Bedforil co.. Pa. Pureell's, p. o. in Knox co., Ind. Purcellvllle, p. o. in Loudoun co., Va. Purchase, p. o. in Westchester co., N. Y. Purchase Liine, p. o. in Indiana co.. Pa. Purdy, p. V. and the co. seat of McNairy co., Tenn., 7 mis. E. of Bethel Springs. Purdy, p. o. in Vernon co., Wis. Purdy Creek, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., 5 mis. S. W. of Canisteo. Purdy's Station, p. v. in Westchester co,, N. Y., on the New York & Harlem R. R., 44 mis, from New York. Pop. about 400. Purgitsville, p. v. in Hampshire co., W. Va., 25 mis. from New Creek. PTJRISSAMA. 742 PUTNAM. PnriNsama, p. o. in San Mateo co., Cal. I»iirle»r's Creek, p. o. in Wilkes co., N. C. Purley, p. o. in Caswell co., N. C. Purple C'Hiie, p. o. in Dotlge co., Nebr. Pnrsley, p. o. in Tyler co., W. Va. Purvis, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pustiinataha, p. o. in Choctaw co., Ala. Putali, tn. in Yolo co., Cal. Pop., 1,412. Pnt-in-Bay, tn. in Ottawa CO., Ohio. Pop., i-,us. *Put-lu.Bay, p. v. in the above tn., on South Buss Island in Lake Erie, 20 mis. from San- dusky City. Putnam, tn. in Windham co.. Conn. Pop., 4,1'J2. •Putnam, p. v. in the above tn., on Quinnc- baug R. and on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., and the Norwich & Worcester Division of the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., :U mis. K. N. E. of Norwich. Engaged in the manu- facture of boots, shoes and cotton goods. One newspaper. Putnam, co. in Fla., N. E. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 3,821 ; in 1860, 2,712. The surface is low and marshy and the soil sandy. There are several small lakes and creeks in the W. part. St. John's R. forms the E. boundary, and Orange Cr. intersects the S. part of the CO. Pilatka is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Rye, 122 bush.; oats, 641 bush.; Indian- corn, 16,592 bush.: Irish pot's, 1,052 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,673 bush.; cotton, 144 bales ; rice, 1,125 lbs.; butter, 2,115 lbs.; hay, 2 tons. Cash value of farms, $248,286. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $173,880. Value of manufactures, $37,8.50. Putnam, co. in Ga., central part. Area, 350 sq. mis. Pop., 10,461 ; in 1860, 10,125. The Oco- nee R. forms the E. boundary, and its tribu- taries, Little R., Maple Cr. antl others, drain the CO. The surface is undulating and the soil highly productive. A railroad connects Eatonton, the co. seat, with Milledgeville and Gordon. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 11,040 bush.; rye, 50 bush.; Indian-corn, 160,661 bush.; oats, 7,872 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,497 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,848 bush.; cotton, 7,326 bales; butter, 29,047 lbs.; hay, 219 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,085,455. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $955,720. Value of manufactures, $148,684. Putnam, co. in HI., N. central part. Area, 200 sq. mis. Pop., 6,280 ; in 1860, 5,587. The Illinois R. forms the N. and part of the W. boundary, and then intersects the southern section of the CO. The surface is mostly level and the soil productive. Hennepin is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 28,933 bush.; rye, 7,707 bush.; Indian-corn, 334,259 bush.; oats, 86,519 bush.; Irish pot's, 73,088 bush.; sweet pot's, 619 bush.; butter, 47,699 lbs.; hay, 5,080 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,258,709. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $466,- 5.54. Value of manufactures, $134,146. Putnam, tn. in Fulton co., 111. Pop., 1,()54. Putnam, co. in Ind., W. part. Area, 480 sq. mis. Pop., 21,508; in 1860, 20,681. The N. E. part of the co. is level, the remainder roll- ing and broken. Big Raccoon Cr. and Wal- nut Cr., of Eel R., are the principal streams. The soil is generally pi-oductive. Three rail- road lines intersect at Groencastle, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 297,- 797 bush.; rye, 4,907 bush.; Indian-corn, 988,919 bush.; oats, 68,,565 bush.; Irish pot's, 54,659 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,0.51 bush.; butter, 332,283 lbs.; hay, 15,990 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,154,422. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,612,814. Value of manufactures, $1,111,- 084. Putnam, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 766. Putnam, p. o. in Fayette co., Iowa. Putnam, tn. m Linn co., Iowa. Pop., 760. Putnam, tn. in Livingston co., Mich. Pop- 1,361. ^ Putnam, v. in Winona CO., Minn. Putnam, co. in Mo., N. part. Pop., 11,217; in 1860, 9,207. The co. borders on the Iowa state line, and is drained by Locust Cr., Blackbird Cr. and other affluents of the Chariton and Grand Rs. Chariton R. forms the eastern boundary. The surface is undulating and comprises fertile prairies and well-timbered bottom-lands. The soil is productive in all parts of the co. Unionville is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 63,303 bush.; rye, 11,798 bush.; Indian-corn, 458,.582 bush.; oats, 146,152 bush.; Irish pot's, 33,651 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,328 bush.; tobacco, 39,200 lbs.; butter, 194,098 lbs.; hay, 12,911 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,127,123. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $763,788. Value of manufactures, $72,,S63. Putnam, co. in N. Y., S. part. Pop., 15,420 ; in 1860, 14,002. It extends from the Hudson R., in the W., to the Conn, state line, in the E., and has a hilly and broken surface. Croton R. and Peekskill Cr. intersect and drain the CO. The soil is mostly productive and well cultivated. The Hudson River R. R. and the New Y'ork & Harlem R. R. pass through the CO. Carmel is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,599 bush.; rye, 9,375 bush.; Indian-corn, 89,934 bush.; oats, 49,673 bush.; Irish pot's, 101,595 bush.; butter, 277,759 lbs.; hay, 33,671 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,732,- 460. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,847,098. Value of manufactures, $1,786,332. Putnam, tn. in Washington co., N. Y. Pop., 603. Putnam, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Whitehall. Putnam, co. in Ohio, N. W. part. Area, 490 sq. mis. Pop., 17,081 ; in 1860, 12,808. Surface is level and the soil very productive. The Black Swamp extends over a large part of this CO., and, when drained, will bo one of the richest sections oi it. Blanchard R. runs through it from E. to W., and the Dayton & Michigan R. R. from N. to S. Ottawa is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 237,586 bush.; rye, 16,292 bush.; Indian-corn, 434,948 bush.; oats, 105,896 bush.; Irish pot's, 69,659 bush.; sweet pot's, 868 bush.; butter, 330,- 078 lbs.; hay, 16,:i31 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,011,785. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,512,806. Value of manufactures, $387,- 527. Putnam, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R. and on the Muskingum R., opposite Zanesville. It contains many elegant residences. Pop., 2,050. Putnam, co. in Tenn., N. E. central part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 8,698; in 1.860, 8,558. The eastern part of the co. is occupied by the Cumberland Plateau, and the western extremity extends into the rich central basin of the state. The Cumberland R. touches the western corner. The soil of the greater part of the CO. is but moderatelj' productive. Cook, ville is the CO seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 39,3;i0 bush.; rye, 2,082 bush.: Indian- corn, 332,254 bush.; oats, 37,854 busli.; Irish pot's, 17,367 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,581 bush.; to- bacco, 131,856 lbs.; butter, 125,938 lbs.; hay, 93 tons. Cash value of farms, $812,779. Total, estimated, value of all farm production.s, in- cluding additions to stock, etc.,$G37,()45. Putnam, co. in W. Va., W. part. Area about 450 s lbs. Ca*li viiluo of farms, *«20,331. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., .'Ji7f8,G95. Value of Tnanuf.icture.s, $191),1.'54. Raiidolpti, p. V. in Bibb co., Ala., on the Scl- ma. Homo & Dalton R. R., 157 mis. from Rome. Lies in a ricli farming district and has about 700 inhabitants. Randolph, co. in Ai"k., N. E. part. Area about 870 sq. mis. Pop., 7,466; in 1860, 6,2(51. The surface is generallj^ undulating and the soil fertile, particularly in the river bottoms. The l$ig Hlack R. intersects the co. from the N. E. to the S. NV. and receives the Current K., the Eleven Point R. and others from the N., while the Cache R. forms the S. E. boundary of the CO. Pocahontas is the co. seat. A^r. protluctions in 1870: Wheat, 16,763 bush.; In- dian-corn, 26.5,990 bush.; oats, 18,293 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,829 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,2.57 bush.; cot- ton, 686 bales ; tobacco, 11,130 lbs. Cash value of farms, $418,530. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $430,669. Value of manufactures, $18,629. Randolph, p. o. in La Fayette co., Ark. Randolph, co. In Ga., S. W. part. Area about 400 S(i. inls. Pop., 10,561 ; in 1860, 9,571. The surface is level and the soil fertile. Large tracts are covered with pine timber. The co. is drained by thePacliitlaCr. and the Pataula Cr. A railroad connects tlie co. seat, Cuth- bert, with Georgetown on the Chattahoochee R. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,715 bush.; rye, 16 bush.; Indian-corn, 184,940 bush.; oats, 3,.5"84 bush.; Irisli pot's, 557 bush.; sweet pot's, 25,457 bush.; cotton, 5,748 bales ; butter, 34,465 ll)s. Cash value of farms, $899,155. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, Including additions to stock, etc., $817,656. Value of manufactures, ,$52,5.50. Randolph, co. in 111., S. W. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 20,8.59; in 1860, 17,202. The surface is hilly or undulating and the soil fertile. Marble of tine quality is found. It is bound- ed on the S. W. by the Mississippi R. and in- tersected from N. to S. by the Kaskaskia II. Chester is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,031,472 bush.; rye, 3,235 bush.; Indian-corn, 510,080 bush.; oats, 414,487 bush.; Irish pot's, 107.049 busli.; sweet pot's, 11,362 bush.; butter, 109,184 lbs., hay, 11,097 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,127,306. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm i)roductions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,270,199. Value of inan\ifactures, $l,84ij,130. Randolph, tn. in McLean co., III. Pop., 1,958. Randolph, p. o. in the above tn. Randolph, co. in Ind., E. part. Area, 440 sq. mis. Pop., 22,878; in LStJO, 18,997. The surface is level, and is about the highest land in the state. The Mississinewa U. intersects the northern part of the eo. The West Fork of White R. rises near the center and flows to the W. The soil is productive. Four railroad lines pass through the co. Winchester is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 53.5,003 bush.; rye, 3,645 bush.; Indian-corn, 740,051 bush.; oats, 147,992 bush.; Irish pot's, 3.5,7.53 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,083 bush.; butter, 349,327 lbs.; hay, 9,208 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,111,013. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,734,541. Value of manufactures, $659,205. Randolph, p. o. in the v. of Deerfield, in Ran- dolph CO., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R. Randolph, tn. in Ohio CO., Ind. Pop., 3,475. Randolph, tn. in Tippecanoe CO., Ind. Pop., 94S. Randolph, p. v. in Riley co., Kans., on the Big Blue U., 21 mis. N. of Jiauhattau. Randolph, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., ,5,642. Randolph, p. v. in the above tn., on the Old Colony R. R.. 15 mis. S. of Boston. In the v. and its surroundings are some fifty manufac- tories of l)00ts and shoes. One news))aper. Randolph, tn. in Dakota CO., Minn. Pop., 170. Randolph, p. o. in Pontotoc co., Miss. Randolph, eo. in Mo., central part. Pop., 15,908; in 1860, 11,407. The surface is level or gently undulating, and mostly covered with line timber. Prairies occupy about one-flfth of the area. The co. is drained by small trib- utaries of the Chariton and Salt lis., and is intersected by the St. Louis, Kansas it Xorth- ern R. R. lluntsville Is the co. .seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 82,,538 bush.; rye, 22,361 bush.; Indian-corn, 594,372 bush.; oats, 209,013 bush.; Irish pot's, 29,'2.59 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,365 bush.; tobacco, 873,776 lbs.; butter, 150,737 lbs.; hay, 7,929 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,310,.300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,037,471. Value of manufactures, $218,675. Randolph, p. o. in the v. of Reniek, in Ran- dolph CO., JIo., on the North Missouri R. R., .5^^ "I's. S. of Moberly. Randolph, tn. in St.Francois co.. Mo. Pop., 67,5. Randolph, p, o. in Dakota co., Nebr. Ran. v. in Alleghany co., Md., near the Potomac R. and on the Balti- more & Ohio R. R., 13 mis. S. W. of Cumber- land. Rawlins, new co. in Kans., N. W. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. It consists cliiefly of undulating prairies, has a, fertile soil and is drained by small affluents of the Republican Fork oi" Kansas R. Rawlinsville, p. o. in Eancaster co.. Pa. Rawson, p. o. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Rawson, p. v. in Hancock co., Ohio, 9 mis. from Fintllay. Rawson ville, p. v. in Wayne co., Mich., 5 mis. from Ypsilanti. Rawsonville, p. o. in the v. of Grafton, in Lorain co., Ohio, on the Columbus Division of the CUiveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & In- dianapolis R. R., 25% mis. S. W. of Cleveland. Ray, i>. o. in Steuben co., Ind. Ray, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 761. Ray, tn. in Franklin co., Ind. Pop., 2,070. Ray, tn. in Macomb co., Mich. Pop., 1,555. Ray, V. in the above tn. Ray, CO. in Mo., W. part. Pop., 18,700; in 18C0, 14,042. The Missouri R. washes its southern border and receives Crooked R., Fishing R. and other affluents. The surface is level or slightly undulating, and comprises fertile prairies and rich, well-timbered valleys. The bottom-lands along the Missouri are noted for their extraordinary fertility. Tlie co. is in- tersected by the main line and the Lexington & St. Josepli Branch of the St. Louis, Kansas & Northern R. R. Richmond is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 187,736 bush.; rye, 1,900 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,245,233 bu'ih.; oats, 177,461 bush.; Irish pot's, 27,550 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,564 bush.; tobacco, 190,.3.t5 lbs.; butter, 122,774 lbs.; hay, 6,610 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,728,321. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,424,917. Value of manufac- tures, $269,216. Ray Centre, p. o. in Macomb co., Mich. Raymertown, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., 10 mis. N. E. of Troy. Raymilton, p. v. in Venango co.. Pa., on the Jamestown & Franklin Branch of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 12^ mis. S, W. of Franklin. Raymond, tn. in Champaign co.. 111. Pop., 323. Raymond, p. o. in the al)Ove tn. Raymond, V. in Montgomery co., 111., on the St. Louis Division of the Toledo, Wabash A Western R. R., 11 mis. N. E. of Litchfield and 21 mis. S. W. of Taylorville. Pop. about 200. The P.O. is Lula. Raymond, p. v. in Black Hawk co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R., SO mis. W. of Dubuque. Pop. about 200. Raymond, p. o. in Price co., Kans. Raymond, tn. in Cumberland co.. Me. Pop., 1,120. Raymond, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. from Saccarappa. Raymond, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 305. Raymond, p. o. in the above tn Raymond, p. v. and semi-co. seat of Hinds CO., Miss., 14 mis. W. by S. of Jackson. Cotton mart for the surrounding region. Pop. about 500. One newspaper. Raymond, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 1.121. Raymond, p. v. in the above tn., on the Con- cord & Portsmouth R. R., 21 mis. W. of Ports- mouth. Raymond, tn. in Racine co., Wis. Pop., 1,608. Raymond, p. v. in the above tn., 17 nils. N. W. of Racine. Raymond City, p. v. in Putnam CO., W. Va., on the Kanawha R. Raymonds, p. v. in Union co., Ohio, 3 mis. W. of Broadway on the Atlantic & Great West- ern R. R. Raymonds, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. Raymondviile, p. o. in Texas co.. Mo. Raymoudville, p. v. in St. Lawrence CO., N. \.. 7 mis. from Potsdam Junction. Raymore, p. o. in Cass co., Mo. Rayne, tn. in Indiana co.. Pa Pop., 1,735. Ray nham, tn. in Bristol co., Mass. Pop. ,1,713. Raynham, p. v. in the above tn., on the Digh- ton & Somerset Branch of the Old Colony R. R.. li mU. from Taunton. Raynold, p. o. in Montcalm co., Mich. Rays, p. (>. in the v. of Raysville, in Jackson. CO., Ohio, on ihe Marietta "& Cincinnati R. it., 101^ mis. W. of Reed's Mill.s. Ray''s Crossing, p. o. in Shelby co., Ind. Ray's Hill, p. v. in Bedford co.. Pa., 9 mis. E. of Hloodv Run. Rayesville, p. v. in Henry co., Ind., on the Indianapolis & Chicago Division of the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 18 mis. W. of Cambridge. Pop. about 150. EAYSVILLE. 751 RED BUD. BaysTille, v. in Jackson co., Ohio. (See Rays, the p. o.) Ray town, p. o. in Jackson co., Mo. Bay ville, p. v. and the co. seat of Richland parish. La., on Nortliern Louisiana & Texas R. R., 52 mis. W. of Vicksburgh, Miss. Pop. about 100. One newspaper. Bay ville, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., 3 mis. from Parkton. Kay ville, p. o. in Ray co., Mo. Bay wick, p. v. in Marion co., Ky., 12 mis. from Lebanon. Pop., 160. Ray wood, p. o. in Union co., N. C. Bead, tn. in Clayton CO., Iowa. Pop., 840. Bead, p. o. in the v. of Clayton Centre, in the above tn., 12 mis. W. of Clayton and 6 mis. E. of Klkader. Beadfleld, tn. in Kennebec co., Me. Pop., 1,456. Beadfleld , p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. from Readfleld Depot. Beadfleld, p. o. in Waujjacca co.. Wis. Beadfleld Depot, p. v. in Kennebec co., Me., on the Maine Central R. R., 6 mis. N. of Win- throp. Beading, tn. in Livingston co., 111. Pop., 1,503. Beading, p. v. in the above tn., 4^ mis. S. of Streator. Beadingr, v. in Lawrence co., Ind., 3 mis. from Mitchell. Beading, p. o. in Lyon co., Kans. Beading, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 2,664. Beading, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Maine E. E., 12 mis. N. of Boston. Here are extensive manufactories of boots and shoes. Beading, tn. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop., 1,657. *BeadIng, p. v. in the above tn., on the Fort Wayne, .Jackson & Saginaw R. R., 36 mis. S. S. W. of Jackson. Pop. about 500. One news- paper. Beading, p. o. in Pike co.. Mo. Beading, tn. in Schuyler co., N. Y. Pop., 1,751. Beading, p. o. in the above tn. Beading, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, 2 mis. from Lockland Station. Pop., 1,575. Beading, tn. in Perry co., Ohio. Pop., 3,334. '^Beading, city and co. seat of Berks co.. Pa., on left bank of Schuylkill R. and canal, on Philadelphia & Reading R. R., at intersection with East Pennsylvania & Lebanon Branch of same ; at N. E. terminus of Reading & Columbia R. R., and at N. terminus of Wil- mington & Reading R. R., 58 mis. N. W. of Philadelphia. The site of the city is a plain which gradually slopes back from the river, and is inclosed on the E. by Penn's Mount. It is rectangularly laid out and compactly and substantially built. The river is crossed by two bridges, one of which is over 600 feet long. Its surroundings are richly agricultu- ral, and it is the center of a profitable trade in country products, iron, coal, etc. Its con- tiguity to the coal fields and to rich iron de- posits gives it an importance in manufactur- ing shared by but few cities in the state, its principal products being iron, steam-engines and machinery of various kinds. It is well supplied with hotels and other public build- ings. Pop., 33,930 ; in 1860, 23,162 ; in 1850, 15,743. It has 12 newspapers, the principal of which are the "Eagle," "Post" and '"Times and Dispatch" (dailies), and "Adler," "Banner von Berks " and " Der Pilger " (weeklies). Beading, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 3,326. Beading, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 1,012. Beading, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. from Windsor. Beading Centre, p. v. in Schuyler co., N. Y., 5 mis. from Watkins. Bcadington, v. in Jackson co., Ind., 3 mis. from Rockford. Beadington, tn. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Pop., 3,070. Beadington, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Raritan. Beadsborough, tn. in Bennington co., Vt. Pop., 828. Beadsborongli, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from North Adams, Mass. Beadstown, p. v. in Vernon co.. Wis., on the Kickapoo R., 11 mis. S. E. of Viroqua and 28 mis. N. of Boscobel. Beadsville, p. v. in Callaway co.. Mo., 16 mis. E. of Fulton. Readvllle Station, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the main line and the Dedham Branch of the Boston & .Providence R. R., and on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 9 mis. from Boston. Beady ville, p. v. in Rutherford co., Tenn., 12 mis. from Murfreesborough. Beagan, v. in McMinn co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., 6 mis. N. E. of Athens. The p. o. is Mouse Creek. Beagan, p. v. in Falls co., Tex., on the Waco& Northwestern R. R. Beam's Station, p. v. in Dinwiddle co., Va., on the Petersburgh & Weldon R. R., 10 mis. S. of Petersburgh. Beamstown, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., 2 mis. E. of Union Station on the Reading & Colum- bia R. R. Beavesville, p. o. in Grayson co., Tex. Beaville, p. v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., i mis. from Flemington. Bebekab, p. o. in Morris co., Kans. Bebersburgli, p. v. in Centre co.. Pa., 25 mis. E. of Bellefonte and 17 mis. S. of Lockhaveiu Bebncks, p. o. in Northumberland co., Pa. Becklesstown, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J., 5 mis. from Bordentown. Becovery, tn. in Mercer co., Ohio. Pop., 1,118. Bectortown Station, p. v. in Fauquier CO., Va., on the Manassas Branch of the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 57 mis. from Alexandria. Pop. about 50. Bectorville, p. v. in Hamilton co.. 111., on the St. Louis & Southeastern R. R., 8 mis. S. of McLeansborough and 26 mis. N. W. of Shaw- neetown. Pop. about 325. Bectorville, p. o. in Mason co., Kv. Bedan, p. o. in Saginaw co., Mich. *Bed Bank, p. v. in Monmouth co., N. J., on Neversink R. and on Port Monmouth Branch of the New Jersey Southern R. R., 7 mis. S. of Port Monmouth and 26 from New York. Pop., 2,086. One newspaper. Bed Bank, tn. in Armstrong co., Pa. Pop., 1,.S41. Bed Bank, tn. in Clarion co. Pa. Pop., 1,434. Bed Bank, p. o. in Halifax co., Va. Bed Bank Furnace, p. v. in Clarion CO., Pa., on the Alleghany R. and the Alleghany Val- ley R. R., 64 mis. from Pittsburgh. Bed Banks, p. o. in Marshall co.. Miss. Bed Banks, p. o. in Robeson co., N. C. Bed Beach, p. v. in Washington co.. Me., on the St. Croix R., 8 mis. from Calais. Bed Bluff, p. o. in Jetterson co.. Ark. *Bed Bluff, p. v. and the co. seat of Tehama CO., Cal., on Sacramento R. and on Oregon Division of Central Pacific R. R., 145 mis. N. of Sacramento. Has a manufactory of gloves, large trade in lumber and produce and con- siderable commerce by way of the river, which is navigable for light boats to this point. Pop., 992. One newspaper. Bed Bluff, tn. in Tehama co., Cal. Pop., 1,032. Bed Boiling Spring, p. o. in Macon co., Tenn. Bed Brick, p. o. in Sullivan CO., N. Y. Bed Brusb, p. o. in Warrick co., Ind. *Bed Bud, p. v. in Randolph co., 111., 21 mis. S, of Belleville. Center of a rich farming dis- trict. Pop., 880. Bed Bud, p. o. in Cowley co., Kans, RED BUTTES. 752 RED RIVER. Re«! Biittes, p. o. In Albany co., Wyo. Ter. BSed (^cdar, 1 n. in Dunn cd., Wis. Pop., 648. Kcd Cedar River, a tributary of Grand R. in Midi., wliich it joins near Lansing; rises in Livingston co. and has a westerly course. Red Cedar River, a tributary of the Iowa K.; rises in Dodge CO., Minn., flows through Mow- er CO., and traverses Iowa in a S. S. E. direc- tion to Muscatine co., where it turns S. W. and empties near Fredonia, 11 mis. above Wa- pella. It furnishes excellent water-power. Red Cedar River, the largest tributary of the Chippewa 11. in Wis.; rises from Red Ce- dar Lake, in Chippewa co., intersects Barron and Dunn cos. and empties near the southern boundary of the latter. Red Clay", p. o. in t)ie v. of State Line, in Whitfield CO., Ga., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R. Red Cloud, p. o. and the co. seat of Webster CO., Nebr. RedclyfTe, p. o. in Forest co.. Pa. Red Creefa, p. v. in Wayne co., N. Y., 5 mis. fi'om Fair Haven. Pop., 529. Red Creek, p. o. in Tucker CO., W. Va. Red Colony, tn. in Sevier Co., Ark. Pop., 463. Redden, p. o. in Sussex co., Del. Reddie's River, p. o. in Wilkes co., N. C. Redding', p. o. in Shasta CO., Cal. Reddin;^-, tn. in Fairfield CO., Conn. Pop., l,(i-24. Redding, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. E. of West Redding. Redding, tn. in Jackson co., Ind. Pop., 1,525. Redding, p. v. in Ringgold co., Iowa, 20 mis. E. of Bedford. Redding Ridge, p. v. in Fairfield co., Conn., 4U mis. E. of West Redding. Red Earth, p. o. in Hutchinson co.. Dak. Ter. Red Falls, p. v. in Greene co., N. i., 34 mis. W. of Catskill. Redfield, p. v. in Dallas co., Iowa, on the Mid- dle Coon R., 6 mis. N. of Dexter. Redfield, p. o. in Bourbon co., Kans. Redfield, tn. in Oswego co., N. Y. Pop., 1,324. Redfield, p. v. in the alcove tn., on the Salmon R., 20 mis. N. of Camden. Redford, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 1,872. Redford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R., 12 mis. W. of Detroit. Pop. about 200. Redford, p. V. in Clinton co., N. T., on the Saranac II., 21 mis. W. of Plattsburg. Red Fork, tn. in Desha co.. Ark. Pop., 2,078. Red Fork, p. o. in the above tn. Red Haw, p. v. in Ashland CO., Ohio, 7 mis. from Polk. Red Hill, p. o. in ISlarshall co., Ala. Red Hill, tn. in Ouachita co.. Ark. Pop., 476. Red Hill, p. o. in Hardin co., Ky. Red Hill, p. o. in Mitchell co., N. C. Red Hill, p. o. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Red Hill, p. v. in Albemarle co., Va., on the Orange, Alexandria <& Manassas R. R., 9 mis. S. W. of Charlottesville. Red Hook, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 4.3r)0. *Rcd Hook, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Barrytown, on the Hudson R. and Hudson River 11. R., and 20 nils. N. of Poughkeepsie. Center of an agricultural and dairying district. Pop., 861. Two newspapers. Red House, p. o. in Morgan co., Ind. Red House, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 407. Red House, p. v. in the above tn., on the Al- leghany R. and the Atlantic & Groat Western R. R., 6 nils. S. W. of Salamanca. Red House, p. v. in Charlotte co., Va., 11 mis. from Concord. Red House 81ioaIs, }i. v. in Putnam co., W. Va., on tin; Kanawha R. Redington, p. o. in Northampton co.. Pa. Red Jacket, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Redkey , p. o. in the v. of Half Way, in Jay co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. 11., 21 mis. from Union Citj\ Pop. about 200. Red £,ake River, a tributary of the Red River of the North, in Polk co., Miiin.; has a wester- ly course and drains Red Lake, a large sheet of water 38 mis. long and 15 mis. wide, in Beltrami and Pembina cos. Red L.and, tn. in Bradley co.. Ark. Pop., 997. Red liand, p. o. in Pike Co., Ark. Red L,and, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Red Land, tn. in Hempstead co.. Ark. Pop.. 960. ■ ' Red Liand, p. o. in Pontotoc co.. Miss. Red I^and, p. v. in Adams co., Pa., 7 mis. froai Hanover. Red liiou, tn. in New Castle CO., Del. Pop.. 2,604. ' Red I.ion, p. v. in the above tn., 7inls. from New Castle. Red Ijion, p. v. in Warren co., Ohio, 14 mis, fiom Moi-row. Redinon, p. o. in Edgar co., HI. Red Mound, p. o. in Henderson co., Tenn. Red Mound, p. o. in Vernon CO., Wis. Red Mountain, p. o. in Orange CO., N. C. Red Mouth, p. o. in Richland parish. La. Red Mountain City, p. o. in Deer Lodge co. Mont. Ter. Red Oak, p. o. in Fayette co., Ga. Red Oak, p. o. in Choctaw Nation, Ind. Ter. Red Oak, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., 594. Red Oak, tn. in Montgomery co., Iowa. Pop., *Red Oak, p. v. and the co. seat of Montgomery CO., Iowa, on Nishnabotany R. and on the Burlington & Missouri River R. R. at junc- tion ot branch to Hamburgh and Nebraska City, 40 mis. S. E. of Council Blulfs. A rapidly growing town with active trade and several manufactories. Pop., 1,315. Three newspa- pers. Red Oak, p. o. in Grayson co., Ky. Red Oak, p. v. in Brown co., Ohio, 8)^ mis. from Georgetown. Red Oak, p. v. in Ellis co., Tex., 9J^ mis. from Waxahaehie. Bed Oak, tn. in Brunswick co., Va. Pop., 3,305. Red Oak Grove, p. v. in Charlotte co., Va., 24 mis. from Roanoke Station. Red Oak Ridge, p. o. in Mercer co., W. Va. Red Plains, p. o. in Yadkin co., N. C. Red Ridge, p. o. in Tallapoosa CO., Ala. Red River, tn. in La Fayette co.. Ark. Pop., 2,131. Red River, tn. in Little River co.. Ark. Pop., 1,233. Red River, tn. in Searcy co.. Ark. Pop., 240. Red River, tn. in Van Buren co., Ark. Pop., 516. Red River, tn. in White co.. Ark. Pop., 713. Red River, co. in Tex., N. E. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 10,653; in 1860, 8,535. Red R. separates it from Ind. Ter. on the N.; Sulphur R. forms the S. boundary. The co. is also drained by numerous small creeks. The sur- face is generally level and the soil fertile. Clarksville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat. 1,524 bush.; Indian-corn, 385,840 bush.; oats, 13,441 bush : Irish pot's, 435 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,830 bush.; butter, 1,865 lbs. Cash value of farms, $909,268. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $763,358. Value of manu- factures, $204,352. Red River, tn. in Kewaunee co.. Wis. Pop., 957. Red River, p. o. in the above tn. Red River, one of the principal tributaries of the Mississipiji; rises upon theLlanoEsta- cado, in northern Tex., flows E. along the boundary between Tex. and Ind. Ter., turns S. at Fulton, in Hempstead CO., Ark., and after passing diagonally across La., empties in RED RIVER. 753 REED'S FERRY. lat. 31°. It passes by the Wichita Mts., and farther down the valley it intersects the"Cross Timbers," a forest belt consisting chiefly of black jack and post oak. About 18 mis. above Shreveport, La., the stream flows through the celebrated "raft," which is composed of an Immense accumulation of drift logs, some floating and others so water-logged as to sink. Tlie United States government has expended large sums of monej' to remove this obstruc- tion to navigation,but without success. The lower end of the raft is now at Shreveport, but reached formerly as far down as Natchi- toches. JJelow the raft. Red 11. traverses a fertile and populous country, and is inter- rupted by two small rapids just above Alex- andria, where the blufl:s leave the river, and artiticial embankments become necessary to protect the country from inundation during high floods. The entire length of the stream is about 1,200 mis. The source has an eleva- tion above the sea of '2,450 feet, the mouth of 54 feet. The area drained is 97,000 sq. mis. The principal tributaries of the Red R. are the North Fork and the South Foi'k, both ris- ing in the Llano Estacado; the 'VVashita, or iUack, R. of Ind. Ter., and the Washita R. of Ark. and La. Red River, in Ky., a tributary of the Ken- tucky R.; rises in Morgan co., and flowing W. forms the boundary between Clark and Lstill cos. Red River, in Mich., a tributary of Clinton II. ; rises in Oakland co. and empties 6 mis. above Mt. Clemens. Red River, in Tenn., a tributary of the Cum- berland R.; rises n«ir the E. boundary of Robertson co., and flowing W. empties at Clarksville. Red River Iron Works, p. o. in Estill co., Ky. Red River Landingr, p. o. in Toint Coupee parish. La. Red River Mills, p. o. in Logan co., Ky. Red River of the Pf ortli rises in Elbow Lake, on the boundary between Becker and Beltra- mi COS., Minn., flows S., forms Rush Lake and Otter Tail Lake, in Otter Tail co., and tlieu turns westward through Holcombe and Wilk- in COS. to Breckinridge, whence it flows N., forming the boundary between Minn, and Dak. Ter. After crossing the N. boundary of the United States it traverses Manitoba and at last empties into Lake Winnepeg. Its en- tire leng:th is about 750 mis. It receives from the S. the Sioux R., which drains Lake Tra- verse ; from the W. the Shyenne Oju R., Elm R., Park R., Pembina R. and the Assiniboin R., and from the E., the Buffalo R., Wild Rice R. and Red Lake R. Red Rock, tn. in Marion co., Iowa. Pop., 1,334. Red Rock, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Monroe. Pop., 255. Red Rock, tn. in Douglas CO., Minn. Pop., 145. Red Rock, tn. in Mower co., Minn. Pop., 602. Red Rock, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., 5>^mls. from Chatham Station. * Red Rock, p. o. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Red Rock, p. o. in Bastrop co., Tex. Red Run, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Ked Shoals, p. o. in Stokes co., N. C. Red ilitone, p. o. in Cloud CO., Kans. Redstone, tn. in Fayette CO., Pa. Pop., 1,1.'52. Redstone, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. W. of Layton's Station on the Pittsburgh, Washing- ton & Baltimore R. R., 45 mis. S. ot Pittsburgh. Red Sulphur Springs, tn. in Monroe CO., W. Va. Pop., 1,904. Red Sulphur Springs, p. v. in the above tn., on Indian Cr., 38 mis. S. W. of White Sulphur Springs ; lies in a valley of the Alleghany Mts., and is a fashionable watering place. The spring has a temperature of 54 degrees Fahrenheit. 48 Red Termillion, tn. in Nemaha oo., Kans. Pop., 775. Red "Willow, new co. in Nebr., S, part. Area, 720 sq. mis. It borders in the S. on Kans., has an undulating or level surface, and is inter- sected from W. to E. by the Republican Fork of the Kansas R. Red Willow, p. o. in Red Willow co., J.ebr. *Red Wing, p. v. and the co. seat of Goodhue CO., Minn., on the W. bank of the Mississippi R., at the N. W. extremity of Lake Pepiii, and on St. Paul & Chicago R. R., 41 mis. S. E. of St. Paul. Shipping point for grain and agri- cultural products. Quite a large interest ia general manufactures. Pop., 4,260. Two news- ]>apers. ♦Redwood, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., 17 mis. from Evans' Mills. Redwood, tn. in Santa Clara co., Cal. Pop., 1,352. Redwood, tn. in San Meteo co., Cal. Pop., 627. Redwood, CO. in Minn., S. W. part. Area,' 865 sq. mis. Pop., 1,829. It is bounded on the N. E. by the Minnesota R. and drained by the Redwood R., the Sleepy Eye R. and the Big Cottonwood R. The surface is uneven and consists largely of prairies. The soil is good. Redwood tulls is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 5,409 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,240 bush.; oats, 6,978 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,880 bush.; butter, 5,275 lbs.; hay, 882 tons. Cash value of farms, $48,600. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $17,417. Value of manu- factures. $40,59G. Redwood City, p. v. and the co. seat of San Mateo CO., Cal., on Redwood Cr. near its en- trance into San Francisco B. and on the South- ern Pacittc R. R., 28 mis. S. by E. of San Fran- cisco. An important shipping point for lum- ber and grain, the creek being navigable to this point. Location of suburban residences of San Francisco business men. Pop., 727. One newspaper. Redwood Falls, tn. in. Redwood co., Minn. Pop., 691. ♦Redwood Falls, p. v. in tne above tn. and the CO. seat, on Redwood R., 41 mis. W. of New Ulm. Has produce trade and some manufac- tures. Pop. about .500. One newspaper. Ree, or Palanata Wapka River, a triliutary of the Missouri R., in Dakota ; rises in thts W. part of the territory, flows E. through Bore- man CO., and empties at Grand River. Reed, tn. in Will co.. 111. Pop., 2,771. Reed, tn. in Seneca co., Ohio. Pop., 1,334. Reed, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 353. *Reed City, p. o. in Osceola co., Mich. Reed Creek, p. o. in Hart oo., Ga. Reed Creek, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. Reeder, tn. in Anderson co., Kans. Pop., 702.. Reeder, tn. in Missaukee co., Mich. Pop., 130.. Reeder, p. o. in Missaukee co., Midi. Reeder's Mills, p. o. in Harrison co., Iowa. Reed Island, p. o. in AVythe co., Va. Reed licvel, p. o. in Covington co., Ala. Reedsbnrgh, p. v. in Wayne co., Ohio, 10 mis., from Wooster. Reedsburgh, tn. in Sauk co.. Wis. Pop.^ 1,631. ♦Reedsburgh, p. v. in the above tn., on Bara- boo R., and on the Madison & AVisconsin Line of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 15 mis, W. N. W. of Baraboo, the co. seat. Pop., 547. One newspaper. Reed's Corners, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., 4 mis. from Canandaigua. Reed's Creek, tn. in Lawrence co.. Ark. Pop., 811. Reed's Creek, p. v. in Sharp co., Ark., 20 mis. N. VV. of Powhatan. Reed's Ferry, p. o. in the v. of Reeds, in Hillsborough co., N. H., on the Merrimac R. and Concord & Nashua R. E., 7^ mis. N. of Nashua. EEED'S GAP. 754 REMSON'S CORNERS, Beed's Gap, p. o. in Juniata co., Pa. Reed's I., 7S7. ^ „ , Reed's Mills, p. o. in the v. of Hamrten, m Viulon CO., Ohio, at the junction of the Main Line with the Portsmouth Branch of the Ma- rietta & Cincinnati R. R., 30 mis. W. of Chilli- cothe. Reed's Ridge, p. o. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Reedsville, p. v. in Meigs co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 20 mis. from Parkersburgh, W. Va. Pop.. li<>, Reedsville, p. v. ia Mifflin co., Pa., on the Mittlin & Centre County Branch of the Pennsvlvania R. R., 6 mis. N. of Lewistown. Reedsville, p. v. in Preston co., W. Va., 18 mis. from Tunnelton. Reedsville, p. v. in Manitowoc co.. Wis., on the Wisconsin Central R. R., 17 mis. \V. of Manitowoc. Reedtown, p. v. in Seneca co., Ohio, 8 mis. from Havana. Reedy, tn. iu Roane co., W. Va. Pop., 964. Reedy, p. o. in Jackson co., W. Va. Reedy, tn. in AVirt co., W. Va. Pop., 489. Reedy Chureli, tn. in Caroline co., Va. Pop., 3,13S. Reedy Creels, p. o. in Davidson co., N. C. Reedy Creels, p. o. in Marion district, S. C. Reedy Ripple, p. o. in Wirt co., W. Va. Reedy ville, p. o. in Butler CO., Ky. Reedy ville, p. o. in Roane co., W. Va. Reclioot, p. o. in Lake co., Tenn. Reelsville, p. v. in Putnam co., Ind., on the Terro Haute & Indianapolis R. R., S14 mis. S. W. of Greensport. Reel Town, p. o. in Tallapoosa co., Ala. Reein's Creek, p. o. in Buncombe co., N. C. Reese River rises in Esmeralda co., Nev., and flows N. through the Reese River Valley, which lies between the Shoshone and Toiyabe Mts. In I^ander co. it breaks through the Shoshone Mts., and terminates in a sink S. of the Humboldt R. Its valley is famous for rich silver mines. Reese Mill, p. o. in Etowah co., Ala. Reese's Mill, p. v. in Boone co., Ind., 8 mis. from Lebanon. Reese's Mills, p. o. in Iowa co., Wis. Recsevillc, p. v. in Chester co., Pa., on the Pennsylvania R. R., 14 mis. W. of Philadel- phia. Reeseville, p. o. in the v. of Lowell, in Dodge CO., AVis.,on the La Crosse Division of the Mil- waukee A St. Paul R. R., 11 mis. from Water- town. Reeson, p. o. in Chippewa co., Minn. Reesville, p. v. in Clinton co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R., 13 mis. W. of Washington. Pop. about 170. Reeve, tn. in Daviess co., Ind. Pop., 1,671. Reeve, tn. in Franklin co., Iowa. Pop., 704. Reeve's Station, p. o. in Gordon co., Ga. Reeve's Station, p. v. in Butler co.. Mo., on the Black R. and the Arkansas Branch of the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 07 mis. S. of Iron ton. Reevesvillc, p. v. in Colleton district, S. C. Reform, ]>. o. in Pickens co., Ala. ReTorni, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ark. Reform, p. o. in Callaway co.. Mo. Refugio, CO. in Tex., S. E. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 2,324 ; in 1860, 1,600. It borders in the N. E. on the San Antonio li. and Espiritu Sanlo 15., and in the S. on the Aransas R. and Cojjauo B. Blanco R. intersects it from N. W. f to 8. E. The surface is low and level and con- 1 sists chiefly of prairies. The soil is on the whole good. Refugio is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Indian-corn, 41,555 busii.; Irish pot's, 2,097 bush.: sweet pot's, 'J0,504 bush. Cash value of farms, *135,300. Total.estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $136,870. Value of manu- factures, $.i56,9()0. Refugio, p. V. and the co. seat of the above CO., on Blanco R., some 20 mis. above its mouth. Pop., including the precinct, 1,053. Regency, p. o. in Gentry co.. Mo. Regnier's Mills, p. o. in the v. of Macksburg, in Washington co., Ohio,-on the Marietta & Pittsburgh R. R., 24 mis. N. of Marietta. Rego, p. o. in Orange co., Ind. Rehoboth, p. o. in Wilcox co., Ala. RehobotI), p. o. in Harrison co., Ind. Rehoboth, tn. in Bristol CO., Mass. Pop., 1,895, Rehoboth, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. froa: East Providence, R. I. Rehoboth, p. o. in Peri-y CO., Ohio. Rehoboth, p. o. in Edgefield district, S. C. Rehoboth, tn. in Lunenburgh co., Va. Pop., 1,570. Rehoboth, p. o. in the above tn. Rehoboth Church, p. o. in Northumberland CO., Va. Rehrersburgh, p. v. in Berks co.. Pa., 9 mis. N. W. of Womelsdorf. Rei, p. o. in the v. of Delaware, in Ripley co., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 23 mis. W. of Aurora. Reidenbach's Store, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 7 nils. S. E. of Union Station andlli^mls. N. E. of Enterprise. Reid's, p. o. in Paulding co., Ohio. Reidsburgh, p. v. in Clarion co.. Pa., 17 mis. N. E. of Philipsburgh Station. Reidsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Tatnall CO., Ga., 48 mis. W. of Sav^annah. Reidsville, p. o. in Knox co., Nebr. Reidsville, p. o. in Albany co., N. Y. Reidsville. p. v. in Rockingham co., Jf. C, on the Richmond & Danville R. R., 24 mis. N. of Greensborough. Pop. about 500. One news- paper. Reidsville, p. v. in Spartanburgh district, S. C, iS]4 mis. from Spartanburgh Court House. Reiflsl>nrgh, p. o. in Wells co., Ind. Reiley, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, 4 mis. S. W. of Wootl's Station. Reilly, tn. in Schuylkill CO., Pa. Pop.. 1,890. Reily Springs, p. o. in Hopkins co., Tex. Reinbeck, p. o. in Grundy co., Iowa. Reiner City, v. in Schuylkill co., Pa. Pop., 116. Reinersville, p. v. in Morgan co., Ohio., 8 mis. from Center Bend. Reinhold's Station, or Reinholdsville Station, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., on the Reading & Columbia R. R., 12^^ mis. S. W. of Reading. Reinholdsville, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., 3 nils. N. N. W. of Reinholdsville Station. Reisterstown,p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., ]>4 mle. from the station on the Western Mai-y- land R. R. and 2-214 mis. N. W.of Baltimore. Pop., 479. Reitcr, p. o. in Washington co.,Kans. Relfe, p. o. in Phelps co.. Mo. Relay, v. in Baltimore co., Md., at the junc- tion of Northern Central R. R. with the West- ern R. R. of Maryland, 7 mis. N. of Baltimore. Relf's Bluff, p. v. in Drew co.. Ark., 13 mis. N. of Monticello. Remanto, p. o. in Sumner co., Kans. ^^Remington, p. v. in Jasper co., Ind., on the Indianapolis & Chicago Division of the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 40 nils. N. W. of Logansport. Pop., 390. One news- paper. Remington, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Remington, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Remsen, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 1 1S4. *Remsen, p. v. in the above tn., on the Uiica & Black River R. R., 21 mis. N. of Utica. Pop., 289. Remson's Corners, p. v. in Medma co., Ohioy 10 mis. from Wadsworth. RENAULT. 755 REYNALE'S BASIN. Renanlt, tn. in Monroe co., 111. Pop., 1,617. Renault, p. V. in Monroe co., 111., 38 ml3. S. of Kast St. Louis. Render Coal ]?Iines, p. o. in Ohio co., Ky. Renick, v. in Randolph co., Mo., on the North Missouri li. K., 5^ mis. S. of Moberly. The p. o. is Randolph. Reniek's Valley, p. o. in Greenbrier co., W. Vu. Reno, p. o. in Hendricks co., Ind. Reno, tn. in Leavenworth co., Kans. Pop., 94(i. Ileno, p V. in the above tn., on the Leaven- worth Branch of the Kansas Pacific R. R., 26 mis. S. of Leavenworth. Reno, tn. in Pope co., Minn. Pop., 254. Reno, p. o. in the above tn. *Reno, p. V. and the co. seat of Washoe co., Kev., on Truckee R. and the Central Pacific R. R., 34 nils. E. of Truckee and 11 mis. E. of the base of the Sierra Nevada Mts. Supply point for the mining regions N. and S. of it, and center of a large manufacturing interest. Pop., 1,035. Two newspapers. Reno, p. V. in Venango co.. Pa., on the Alle- fhany R., the Alleghany Valley R. R. and tlie 'ranklin Branch of the Atlantic & GreatWest- ern R. R., 3 mis. S. W. of Oil City. Pop. about 150. Reno, tn. in Preston co., W. Va. Pop., 2,536. *Renovo, p. borough in Clinton co., Pa., on the West Branch of the Susquehanna R. and on the Philadelphia & Erie K. R., 27 mis. N. W. of Lock Haven. Large interest in the cut- ting and shipping of lumber and mining of coal. Seat of the railroad company's ma- chine shops. Pop., 1,940. One newspaper. Renrock, p. v. in Noble co., Ohio, 11 mis. from Beverly. ♦Rensselaer, p. v. and the co. se.at of Jasper CO., Ind., on Iroquois R., iO mis. N. by W. of La Fayette and 12 mis. from Remington. Pop., 617. One newspaper. Rensselaer, p. o. in Ralls eo.. Mo. Rensselaer, co. in N. V., E. part. Area about 030 sq. nils. Pop., 99,549; in 1860, 86,3^8. The Hudson R. bounds it on the W. and drains it with its affluents, the largest of which are the Hoosic and Kinderhook Rs. The surface is hilly and tlie Hoosic INIts. trend along the east- ern border. The valleys have a very produc- tive soil. Troy is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 5,527 bush.; rye, 187,3^3 bush.; Indian-corn, 211,968 bush.; oats, 717,845 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,504,209 bush.; wool, 235,496 lbs.; cheese, 365,414 lbs.; butter, 1,271,128 lbs.; bay, 108,214 tons. Cash value of farms, $2.5,- 601,739. Total, estimated, A-alue of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,385,412. Principal products of indus- try : Agricultural implements, $2,429,247 ; brushes, $796,092; men's clothing, $815,4,58; linen collars and cutis, $1,656,878; flour and meal, $992,188; hosiery, $544,341; forged and rolled iron, $i),839,833 ; pig iron, $951,380 ; iron castings, $790,020; stoves, $1,551,485; printing paper, $507,320, and woollen goods, $542,810. Total value of manufactures, $28,500,306. Rensselaer Falls, p. v. in St. Lawrence Co., N. v., on the Rome, Watertovvn & Ogdens- burgli R. R., 12 mis. S. E. of Ogdensburgh. Pop., 3vl5. RensselacrTille, tn. in Albany co., N. Y. Pop., 2,492. *RensselacrTiIle, p. v. in the above tn., on Catskill Cr., 20 nils. S. W. of Albany. Pop., 526. One newspaper. Renville, new co. in Dak. Ter., N. part; bor- ders on British America, and is intersected by the Souris, or Mouse, R., a tributary of tlie Red River of the North. The surface is undu- lating and well adapted to grazing. Renville, co. in Minn., S. W. central part. Area, 836 sq. mis. Pop., 3,219; in 1860, 245. It borders in the S. W. on the Minnesota II. and. is drained by Chetomba Cr., and other tribu- taries of this stream. The surface consists mostly of rolling prairies. The soil is pro- ductive. Beaver Palls is the Co., seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 43.289 biisli.; rye, 511 bush.; Indian-corn, 6,537 bush.; oats, 27,H59 bush.; Irish pot's,14.761 bush.; butter, 40,1851bs.; hay, 9,731 tons. Casli value of farms, $;«3,490. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $96,- 043. Value of manufactures, $27,160. Repose, p. o. in Haralson co., Ga. Republic, co. in Kans., N. part. Area, 720 sq. nils. Pop., 1,281. The eo. borders in the N. on Nebr., has an undulating prairie surface and is traversed and drained by the Republi- can Fork of the Kansas R. and its affluents. Belleville Court House is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8,626 bush.; In- dian-corn, 16,820 bush.; oats, 160 bush ; Irish pot's, 4,705 bush.; sweet pot's, 15 bush.; butter, 13,790 lbs. ; hay, 1,079 tons. Cash value of farms, $373,700. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $130,698. Value of manufactures, $9,998. Republic, tn. in the above co. Pop., 770. Republic, p. o. in Greene co.. Mo. *Republic, p. v. in Seneca co., Ohio, 10 mis from Tiffin. Pop., 481. Republican, p. o. in Minnehaha co., Dak. Ter. Republican, p. o. in Choctaw co.. Miss. Republican, tn. in Jetterson co., Ind. Pop., 1,12.5. Republican, tn. in Clay CO., Kans. Pop., 8.56. Republican, p. v. in Darke co., Ohio, 6 mis. from New Madison. Republican City, p. o. in Clay co., Kans. Republican City, p. o. in Harlan co.. Neb. Republiciiii Grove, p. o. in Halifax co., Va. Republican Fork, a branch of the Kansas R.; lises on the plains of Eastern Colo. Ter., flows E. N. E. through the southern part of Nebr., then turns E. S. E. and joins the Smoky Hill Fork in Davis co., Kans., to form the Kansas R. Request, p. o. in Oregon eo.. Mo. Resaca, p. v. in Gordon co., Ga., on the "Western & Atlantic R. R., 14 mis. from Dalton. Pop. about 250. Resaca, p. o. in Duplin co., N. C. Resaca, p. o. in Monroe co.. Pa. Reserve, p. o. in Miami co., Ind. Reserve, tn. in Ramsey Co., Minn. Pop., 429. Reserve, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Reserve, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 1,600. Reservoir, p. o. in Mercer co., Ohio. Rest, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Retreat, p. v. in Jackson co., Ind., on the Jef- fersonvilie, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 19 nils. S. of Seymour. Retreat, p. o." in Grimes co., Tex. Retreat, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Retreat, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Reutcher, p. o. in St. Clair co.. 111. Reuten, p. o. in Butler co.. Mo. Reveille, tn. in Scott co.. Ark. Pop., 882. Reveille, p. o. in Nye co., Nev. Reveille Mountains, a range in Nye co., Nev., trending N. and S. near the llOtli meri- dian. Revere, p. v. in Suffolk co., Mass., on the East- ern & Maine Central R. R., 5 nils. N. of Boston. Pop. about 300. Revllee, p. v. and the co. seat of Sarber co.- Ark., 30 mis. S. W. of Clarksville. Rexford Flats, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal and the Mohawk R., opposite Aqueduct a station on the New York Central R. R. 14 mis. W. of Cohoes. Rexville, p. o. in Ripley co., Ind. Rexville, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., It mis. S. of Canisteo. Reynale's Basin, p. v. in Niagara co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal and near the New York Central R. R., 3 mis. W. of Middleport. REYNOLDS. 756 RHODE ISLAND. Reynolds, p. v. in Taylor co., Ga., on the Soutlnv(!Stern R. R., 42 mis. from Macon. Keyiiolds, tn. in JLee, CO., 111. Pop., 742. •Reynolds, p. v. in White CO., Ind., at inter- section of Indianapolis & Chicago Division of Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Jjouis K. K. with the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R., 6 nils. AV. of Monticello, the co. seat. Pop. 306. One newspaper Reynolds, t)i. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop. ,457. Reynolds, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Pop., 3,755 ; in IWiO, 3, 173. The surface is rough and broken, as the CO. lies in the Ozark region. The soil of the valleys is productive. Iron, lead, lime- stone and granite are abundant. The Big Black R. flows through the eastern part of the CO., and drains it with numerous small tribu- taries. Centerville i3 the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 13,382 bush.; rye, 1,3()3 bush.; Indian-corn, 108,2.55 bush.; oats, 17,080 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,531 bush.; sweet pot's, 718 bush.; tobacco, 13,385 lbs.; butter, 48,000 lbs.; hay, 228 tons. Cash value of farms, $291,284. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $279,- 8i)6. Value of manufactures, $24,7.'iO. Reynolds, p. o. in Schuyllrill co., Pa. Reynolds, p. o. in Giles'co., Tenn. Reynolds, tn. in Randolph co., W. Va. Pop., 057. Reynoldsbnrgh, p. o. in Johnson co.. 111. Reynoldshnrgh, p. v. in Franklin co., Ohio, 4 mis. from lilack Lick. Pop., 4,57. Reynoldson, p. o. in Gates co., N. C. Reynolds' Store, p. o. in Kanawha CO., W. Va. Reynoldsville, p. v. in Schuyler co., N. Y., 9 mis. fi-om Watkins. Reynoldsville, p. v. in JeflFerson co., Pa., 30 mis. W. of Clearfield and 12 mis. B. of Brook- ville. Rbea, co. in Tenn., S. E. central part. Area, 507 sq. rals. Pop., 5,538 ; in 1860, 4,991. The Tennessee R. forms the eastern boundary, and drains the co. with several small affluents. The eastern part has a level or slightly undu- lating surface and a highly productive soil. The western part is occupied by the Walden's Ridge, a broad spur of the Cumberland Mts. Washington is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 32,0.3',) bush.; rye, 2,4.59 bush.; Indian-corn, 187,970 bush.; oats, 36,034 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,108 bush.; sweet pot's, 6,185 bush.; tobacco, 10,270 lbs.; butter, 51,599 lbs.; hay, 1,332 tons. Cash value of farms, $990,472. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $717,727. Value of manufactures, $97,- 100. Rhea's Mills, p. o. in Washington co., Ark. Rheatown, p. v. in Greene co., Tenn., 1 mle. from FuUen's. Rhine, tn. in Sheboygan co.. Wis. Pop., 1,072. Rhine, p. o. in the above tn. Rhinebeck, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 3,719. ♦Rhinebeck, p. v. in the above tn., on E. bank of Hudson R., and on New York Central & Hudson River R. R., opposite Kingston. Has manufactories and is the shipping point for products of the surrounding agricultural sec- tion. Pop., 1,322. One newspaper. RhinecllflT, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Hudson R. and Hudson River R. R., 14^ nils. N. of Pdughkeepsie. Rhineland, p. o. in Montgomerv co.. Mo. RIIODE IS£.AN», one of 'the thirteen original states of the Union, and, as regards territorial extent, the smallest ; lies between 41° IS' and 42° 3' N. hit., and 71^ S' and 71° 53' W. long., and has an extreme length from N. to S. of 47!^ mis., and extreme width from E. to W. of 40 mis. It is bounded on the N. and E. by Mass., on the W. by Conn., and on the S. by the Atlantic Ocean. It has an area of 1,306 sq. mis., or 835,840 acres. The eastern part of the state is deeply in- dented by Narraganset B., wliich extends 30 • mis. inland, has a very irregular outline, and Includes several islands, of which Canoni- cut. Prudence and Aquetneck, or Rhode Island jiroper, from which the state has received its name, are the largest. Block Island, which lies off the southern coast, about 10 mis. dis- tant, also belongs to the state. A long penin- sula extends into the northern part of Narra- ganset B., and divides it into two bi'anches, the* eastern of which is called Mount Hope B., and receives the estuary of the Taunton R. Surface. — R. I. has a broken and hilly siirfaco, but includes no elevations that might be termed mountains. The highest points are Mt. Hope, near Bristol, the Woonsocket Hills, in tho northern part of the state, and Hopkins HUl, in the central part. Rivers. — The largest stream of tlie state is the Pawtucket R., which empties into the western branch of Narraganset B., and is called above the falls, at the town of Pawtucket, the Black- stone R. The Pawcatuck R. is formed by the confluence of Wood and Charles Rs., which rise in the southern part of the state, forms part of the boundary between R. I. and Conn., and empties into Long Island Sound. The Pawtuxct R. rises in tlie northern part of the state, has a south-easterly course, and after forming the boundary between Kent and Provi- dence cos. empties Into Narraganset B. Al- though these rivers are not large or volumin- ous, they have considerable fall, and afford extensive water-power. There are numerous small lakes and ponds in R. I., wliich greatly add to the picturesqueness of the scenery. The Climate o{ R. I. resembles that of south- ern Mass. and eastern Conn. The mean annual temperature varies from 49° to 51°, and the amount of rain and snow-fall from 40 inches ill the eastern part to 44 inches in the western. Population. — R. I. was settled in 1036 at Provi- dence, by Roger Williams, who had been ban- ished from Mass. for his political and religious opinions. In 1038 a settlement at Newport was made by Wm. Coddington and others, and in 1042 at Warwick, by a party under Samuel Gro- ton. These three settlements were united bj'a charter in 1043, under the name of the '' Provi- dence Plantations." In 1790 R. I. had a population of 68,825 ; in 1800, 69,122 ; in 1810, 70,931 ; in 1820, 83,015 ; in 1830, 97,190 ; in 1840, 108,830 ; in 1850, 147,.545 ; in 1800, 174,020 and in 1870, 217,353 ; of whom 212.219 were white, 4,980 colored, and 154 Indians. The number of per- sons born in the United States was 161,957, in- clusive of 122,626 natives of the state; and of pei'sons born in toreign countries, 5.5,390, inclu- sive of 10,242 natives of British America, 1,200 of Germany, 9,288 of England, 31,534 of Ireland and 1,947 of Scotland. The pop. of 10 years of age and over numbered 173,751, of whom 82,824 were engaged in all classes of occupations, viz.: 11,780 in agriculture, 19,679 in professional and personal services, 10,108 in traile and transportation and 47,007 in manufac- tures and meehanical and mining industries. Mining. — The mineral resources of R. I. are but of moderate importance. Anthracite coal of middling quality is found in Newi)ort co., and about 10,000 tons of it are annually taken from the ground. Iron ore occurs in Various parts of tlie state, and building materials, as lime- stone, sand-stone, marble and serpentine are quite abundant. Agriculture. — Tho soil of R.I. is moderately productive, but in many parts too rough and difficult for cultivation. "The most fertile sec- tions are on the islands of Narraganset B. The total number of farms in 1870 was 5,368, which contained 289,030 acres of cultivated land (or 34.6 per cent, of the area of the state), 169.399 acres of woodland and 43,879 of uncultivated RHODE ISLAND. 757 RICE. land. The casli value of farms was $21,574,968, and of agricultural implements, $786,246. The • total, estimated, value of farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., was $4,761,163. There were produced 784 bush, of wheat, 20,214 hush, of rye, 311,9.J7 bush, of corn, 157,010 bush. of oats, 33,559 bush, of barley, 669,408 bush, of Irish pot's, 77,328 lbs. of wool, 941,199 lbs. of butter, 81,976 lbs. of cheese and 89,045 tons of hay. The live stock had a value of $3,135,132, and consisted ol 7,770 horses, 43 mules and asses, 18,803 milch cows. .5,821 working cattle, 9,748 Other cattle, 23,9u8 sheep and 14,607 swine. Manufaciures. — In regard to the value of man- ufactures R. I. occupies the tenth place among the states of tli£ Union ; but in proportion to the number of inhabitants or area of territory it is unrivaled. The total value of manufactured products in 1870 was $111,418,354, or somewhat less than one-seventh of the value of those of N. Y. and Pa. But, if equally divided, every inhabitant of R. I. would receive $513, of N. Y. $179 and of Pa. $202. There were, in 1870, 1,850 establishments in the state, which used 402 steam-engines of 23,516 horse-power, and 456 water-wheels of 18,481 horse-power. The number of hands employed was 49,417: the capital invested, $66,557,322. The wages paid amounted to $19,354,256, and the ma- terials consumed had a value of $73,154,109. The products of industry, exceeding in value one million of dollars per annum, were the fol- lowing: Bleaching and dying, $15,138,723 (the raw materials costing $13,842,026); carpentering and building, $3,112,881 ; men's clothing, $l,35:j,- 641 ; cotton goods, $22,072,203 : Hour and meal, $1,728,704; India-rubber goods, $1,804,868; iron stoves, heaters and lioUow ware, $1,416,105; jew- elry, $3,043,846 ; leather, tanned and curried, $1,- 828,264 ; machinery (cot ton and woollen), $4,316,- 376 ; plated ware, $1,212,240 ; printing of cotton and woollen goods, $17,842,480 (the goods before printing having a value of $14,604,962); screws, $1,882,318 ; woollen goods, $12,558,117, and worsted goods, $2,835,950. Commerce.— K. I. has three ports of entry. Providence, Newport and Bristol. Their com- mercial fleet comprised, on June 30, 1872, 159 sailing vessels, of 15,150 tons ; 33 steam-vessels, of 25,232 tons ; and 54 unrigged vessels, of 431 tons, making an aggregate of 246 vessels of 40j813 tons. The imports of the state for the fiscal year ended in June, 1872, amounted to $595,950, and the domestic exports to $54,022. The mileage of the railroads was, in 1841, 50 ; in 1851, 68; in 1862, 108; and in 1872, 136. The principal lines are the New York, Providence & Boston R. R., of which 13 mis. are within the state, and the Providence, Warren & Bristol R.ll. Wealth, Taxation and Debt. — The assessed value of all property, according to the last cen- sus, was $-244,278,854 ($132,876,,581 for real estate and $111,402,273 for personal property). The true or estimated value, however, was $296,965,- 646, against $135,337,588 in 1860. The total public indebtedness amounted to $5,938,642, of which $2,913,500 represented the funded state debt, and $2,571,965 the funded debt of the cities, town- ships, etc. In 1872 (Jan. 1) the state debt had been reduced to $2,702,500. The total taxes (not national) amounted, in 1870, to $2,170,052, of which $489,253 were for state purposes. During the fiscal year ended in April, 1872, the receipts of the treasury amounted to $8.55,826, inclusive of a cash balance on hand of $730,828, and the expenditures amounted to $717,000, so as to leave a cash balance in the treasury of $138,828. Education, Press, etc. — The state has a per- manent school fund, the interest of which, to- gether with the annual state appropriation, amounts to $90,000. The remainder of the sums required for school purposes Is obtained from local taxation. The population of school age (from 5 to 16 years) numbered, in 1870, 28,702, of whom 26,912 were enrolled in the public schools. In the 412 school districts of the state instruc- tion was given by 711 teachers. The total re- ceipts for school purposes amounted to $463,041. A State Normal School was established in 1871 at Providence. The foremost of the higher educational institutions Is Brown University (Baptist), which was founded in 1764 at Provi- dence, and had, in 1873, 204 students and 13 in- structors ; Lapliani Institute, a scliool of the Free Will Baptists, is at Scituate ; the Friends School and the Providence Conference Semi- nary (Methodist) are at Provililaiid, tn. in Monroe co., Ind. Pop., 1,486. ttichland, tn. in Rush co., Ind. Pop., 917. Ctlehland, p. o. in the v. of Palmyra, in the aljove tn., 9 mis. S. of Rushville. Kichland, tn. in Steuben co., Ind. Pop., 653. Ilioliland, tn. in Whitley CO., Ind. Pop., 1,723. Kiolilaiid, tn. in Adair co., Iowa. Pop., 292. Kiclilaud, tn. in Chickasaw co., Iowa. Pop., r)(iii. Richland, tn. in Becatur CO., Iowa. Pop., 849. Richland, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 874. Richland, tn. in Fayette CO., Iowa. Pop., 405. Rich land, tn. in Guthrie CO., Iowa. Pop., 218. Richland, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,141. Richland, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 749. Richland, tn. in Jones CO., Iowa. Pop., 794. Richland, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., l.')35. ^Richland, p. v. in the above tn., II mis. W. of Pleasant Plain. Richland, tn. in Mahaska co., Iowa. Fop., 1,561. Richland, tn. in Tama co., Iowa. Pop., 888. Richland, tn. in Wapello co., Iowa. Pop., 1,451. Richland, tn. in Warren co., Iowa. Pop., 1,331. Richland, tn. in Labette co., Kans. Pop., 1,744. Richland, tn. in Miami co., Kans. Pop., 844. Richland, p. o. in Shawnee co., Kans. Richland, p. o. in Harrison co., Ky. Richland, parish in La., N. E. part. Pop., 5,110. It occupies the low and level plain be- tween Bayou Boeuf in the W. and West Tur- key Cr. inthe E., which unite at its soutliei-n extremity. The soil is highly productive. Rayville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 95,225 bush.; Irish pot's, 597 bush.; sweet pot's, 19,839 bush.; cotton, 6,051 bales ; butter, 14,318 lbs. Cash value of farms, $522,947. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $529,762. Value of manufactures, $67,800. Richland, tn. in Kalamazoo co., Mich. Pop., 1,381. Richland, p. o. in the v. of Gull Corners, in tlu' above tn., 10 mis. N. E. of Kalamazoo. Richland, in. in Montcalm co., Mich. Pop., Richland, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 46.i. Richland, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., 773. Richland, tn. in Gasconade co., Mo. Pop., 1,099. Richland, tn. in Macon co.. Mo. Pop., 1,180, Richland, tn. in Morgan co.. Mo. Pop., 1,785. Richland, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Mo. Richland, tn. in Putnam co.. Mo. Pop., 720. Richland, tn. in Scott co., Mo. Pop., 1,0S0. Richland, tn. in Stoddard co., Mo. Pop., 438. Richland, tn. in Vernon co., Mo. Pop., 547. Richland, p. o. in Colfax co., Nebr. Richland, tn. in Oswego co., N. Y. Pop., 3,975. Richland, p. v. in the above tn., on the Oswe- go & Rome R. R. and the Rome, Watertowu & Ogdensburgh R. R., 4 mis. E. of Pulaski and 42 mis. N. W. of Rome. Klchland, co. in Ohio, N. central part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 32,516; in 1860,31,158. Tha surface is undulating and the soil very pro. (luctive. The Black and Clear Forks of tha iValhonding R. rise within the co. and drain it. The following railroads intersect the co.: the Atlantic & Great Western R. R.,the Pitts- burgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., tha Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indian- apolis R. R. and the Lake Erie Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Mansfield is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. 588,575 bush.; rye, 19,458 bush.; Indian-corn, 621,381 bush.; oats, 700,830 bush.; Irish pot's, 113,877 bush.; sweet pot's, 706 bush.; butter, 883,005 lbs.; hay, 36,740 tons. Cash value of farms, $17,917,080. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,951,341. Value of manufactures, $3,002, 727. Richland, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop., 2,139. Richland, tu. in Belmont co., Ohio. Pop., 4,170. Richlanfl, tn. in Clinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,854. Richland, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 1,105. Richland, tn. in Defiance co., Ohio. Pop., 1,194. Richland, tn. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Pop., 1,517. Richland, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 1,404. Richland, tn. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., 1,242. Richland, tn. in Logan co., Ohio. Pop., 1,401. Richland, v. in the above tn. (See New Riclw land, the p. o.) Richland, tn. in Marion co., Ohio. Pop., 1,146 Richland, tn. in Vinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,814. Richland, p. o. in the above tn. Richland, tn. in Wyandot co., Ohio. Pop., 1,271. Richland, tn. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Pop., 707. Richland, tn. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pop., 2,111. Richland, tn. in Cambria.co., Pa. Pop., 868. Richland, tn. in Clarion co.. Pa. Pop., 1015 Richland, tn. in Venango co.. Pa. Pop., 1,023. Richland, district in S. C, central part. Area about 470 sq. mis. Pop., 23,025; in 1860, 18,307. The Wateree R. forms the eastern boundary and the Congaree R. the western and south- ern. These streams unite at the south-easteru extremity of the co. to form tlie Santee R, The surface is rolling and partly covered with pine forests. Along the streams extend swamps. The soil is of excellent quality. The CO. is intersected by the South Carolina R. R. and the Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta R. R. Columbia, the capital of the state, Is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,855 bush.; rye, 27 bush.; Indian-corn, 121,495 bush.; oats, 3,118 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,884 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,805 bush.; cotton, 5,453 bales; butter, 11,185 lbs.; rice, 26,823 lbs. Cash value of farms, $886,138. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $697,187. Value of manufactures, $.5:16,992. Richland, p. o. in Tazewell CO., Va. Richland, tn. in Ohio co., W. Va. Pop., 1,389, Bictaland, co. in Wis., S. W. part. Aiea, 1,000 EICIILAND. 760 EICHMOND. sq. mis. Pop., 1.5,731 ; in IRCO, !(,73'2. The sur- face is diversified and the soil fertile and well watered. Wisconsin K. flows along the S. border, and a number of tributaries of the same drain the co. Richland Centre is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 189,900 bush.; rye, 7,453 bush.; Indian-corn, 3-15,787 Ijush.; Oiits, 183,9.52 bush.; Irisli pot's, 108,926 bush.; butter, 31(),734 lbs.; hay, 17,349 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,202,11)5. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,005,318. Value of ntanufactures, 4319,286. RlchlaiKl, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,572. RichlaiKl €enter, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 1 inh'. from Quakertown. 'Richland Centre, p. v. and tlae co. seat of llichhind CO., Wis., on Pine 11., 12 mis. above its confluence with the Wisconsin R. and 13 mis. N. of Muscofla on the La Crosse & Madi- son Division of Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul K. 11. Has large lumber interests, several manufactories and is the center of produce trade. Poji. about 1,000. Tlirec newspapers. Richland City, p. v. in Richland co., Wis., 6 mis, from Lone Rock. Richland fcirove, tn. in Mercer co.,Ill. Pop., 1,411. Richland Grove, p. o. in the above tn. Richland Slill, p. o. in StalTord co., Va. Richlands, p. o. in Onslow co., N. C. RicliHaiid Station, p. v. in Lebanon CO., Pa., on tlie Lebanon Valley Branch of the Phila- delphia & Reading R. R., 19 mis. W. of Read- ing. Richland Station, p. v. in Sumner co., Tenn., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 10 mis. S. of Franklin, Ky. Richlaiidtown, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 3^ nils, fioni Quakertown. Richland Valley, p. o. in Haywood co., N. C. Richnian, tn. in Wayne CO., Iowa. Pop., 374. Richinan, tn. in Raleigli CO., W. Va. Pop., 3N*. Richmond, p. v. in Dallas co., Ala., 6 mis. from Portland. Richmond, p. o. in Little River co., Ark. Richmond, co. in Ga., E. part. Area about 200 sq. mis. Pop., 25,724; in ISfJO, 21,284. It is bounded on the E. by the Savannah R. and on the S. by Sweetwater and McBean Crs. The .surface is undulating and the soil fertile. The Georgia R. R. intersects the co. Augusta is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 3,010 bush.; rye,140bush.; Indian-corn, 77,895 bush.; oats, 2,002 Inish.; Irish pot's, 1,739 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,544 bush.; cotton, 2,017 bales; rice, 4,28G lbs.; butter, 8,128 lbs.; hay, 554 tons. Cash value of farms, $795,314. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $408,319. Value of manufactures, $2,014,405. Richmond, tn. in Cass co., 111. Pop., 1,115. Richmond, tn. in McHeury co.. 111. Pop., 1,401. •Richmond, p. v. in the above tn., on the Fox River Branch of the Galena Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. Richmond, v. in Brown co., 111. Richmond, v. in Coles co.. 111. 'Richmond, city in Wayne co., Ind., on E. bank of Wliite Water R. and on the Third Division of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis U. R., at tlie N. terminus of the Cincin- nati, Richmond & Chicago R. R., S. terminus of tlie Cincinnati, Richmond & Ft. Wayne R. U., E. terminus of Dayton & Western R. R. and on Indianapolis & Chicago R. R., 09 mis. E. by N. of Indianapolis. It is a place of active trade with excellent suncnindings, and is extensively engaged in manufacturing. Pop., 9,445 ; iu 1860, 6,603. Seven newspapers. Richmond, p. v. in Washington co., Iowa, 10 mis. N. of Washington. Richmond, p. o. iu Franklin co., Kans. Richmond, tn. in Nemaba CO., Kans. Pop.. 2,1.53. ^Richmond, p. v. and the co. seat of Madison CO., Ky., at the N. E. terminus of the Rich- mond Branch of Louisville, Nashville & Great Soutliern R. R., .31 mis. N. E. of Richmond Junction, and 50 S. by E. of Frankfort. It is in the center of the Blue Grass region, and ships large quantities of grain and stock. Pop., 1,629. One newspaper. Richmond, tn. in Sagadahoc co.. Me. Pop., 2,442. ^Richmond, p. v. in the above tn., on the Kennebec R. and the Portland & Kt nnebec R. R., 15 ml.s. N. N. E. of Brunswick. Richmond, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 1,091. Richmond, p. v. in the above tn., on the Bos- ton* Albany R.R., 81^ mis. S.W. of Pittsfleld. Richmond, tn. in Macomb co., Mich. Pop., 2,181. Richmond, p. v. in the v. of Ridgway, in the above tn. Richmond, tn. in Osceola co., Mich. Pop., 653. Richmond, tn. in Winona co., Minn. Pop., 219. Richmond, p. o. in the above tn. Richmond, tn. in Howard co., Mo. Pop., 2,988. Richmond, tn. in Raj' CO., Mo. Pop., 5,.5S1. ^Richmond, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the St. Joseph Line of the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R., 4 mis. N. of Riclimond & Lexington Junction. Has foun- dvy, flouring mills and extensive business interests. Pop., 1,218. Two newspapers. Richmond, p. o. in James co., Nebr. Richmond, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 868. Richmond, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Winchester. Richmond, co. in N. Y. Area about 00 sq. mis. Pop., 33,029 ; in 1860, 2,5,492. It comprises Stat en Island, the .shores of wliich are washed on the E. by the outer New York B. and the Narrows, on the N.by Kill von KuU and New- ark B., on the W. by Arthur's Kill, or Staten Island Sound, and on the S. by Raritan B. The island is traversed by a range of hills from N. E. to S, W. It abounds in beautiful scenerj-, and contains numerous elegant country-seats of citizens of New York city. The Slateu Island R. R. intersects the co. Richmond is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,375 bush.; rye, 3,427 bush.; Indian-corn, 35,083 bush.; oats, 12,001 bush.: Irish pot's, 34,863 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,689 biLsh.; butter, 29,154 lbs.; hav, 7,610 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,933,900. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $629,237. Value of manu- factures, $4,.502,524. *Richmond. p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., 2 mis. W. of New Dorp. It is beautifully situated and consists of villas of persons doing business in New York. Richmond, tn. in Ontario co., N. Y. Pop,, 1,022. Richmond, co. in N. C, S. part. Area about 780 S(i. nils. Pop., 12,882; in 1860,11,009. The Yandkin R. forms the western boundary, Lumber R. the eastern, anfl the S. C. state line the southern. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The Wilmington, Charlotte & Rutherford R. R. intersects the CO. Rockingham is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 19.604 bnsh.; rye, 1,819 bush.; Indian-corn, 131,8.55 bush.; oats, 21,350 bush.; Irish pot's, 785 bush.; sweet pot's, 43,364 bush.; cotton, 5,130 bales ; butter, 19,783 lbs. Cash value of farms, $670,19.^. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in. eluding additions to stock, eti^., $6ivision of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 5 mis. from Watertown. Richwood, tn. in Richland co.,Wis. Pop., 1,378, Rich Woods, tn. in Jackson co., Ark. Pop., 261. Richwoods, tn. in Prairie co., Ark. Pop., 280. Richwood<>«, tn. in Pulaski co., Ark. Pop., 400. Richwoods, p. o. in Delaware co., Ind. Richwood^, p. V. in Washington co.. Mo., 16 mis. W. N. W. of Black well's Station. Richardsville, v. in Dubuque co., Iowa, 14 mis. X. W. of Dubuque. RicUoe's Bluir, p. (). in Liberty eo., Fla. Rickrcall, p. o. in Polk co., Oreg. Ricks, tn. in Cliristian co.. 111. Pop., 414. Riddicksville, p. o. in Hertford eo., N. C. Riddlesburg'h, p. v. in Bedford co.. Pa., on the Huntingdon & Broad Top Mountain R.R., 29 nils. S. of lIunting busli.; sweet pot's, 1,058 bush.; butter, 111,590 lbs.; hay, 15,740 tons. Cash value of farms, $l,808,()i5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $502,384. Value of manufactures, $228,345. Riley, tn. in McHenry co., 111. Pop., 882. Riley, p. o. in the above tn. Riley, tn. in Vigo co., Ind. Pop., 1,492. Riley, p. o. in the above tn. Riley, tn. in Clinton co., Mich. Pop., 1,139. Riley, p. o. in the above tn. Riley, tn. in St. Clair co., Mich. Pop., 1,664. Riley, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Pop., 1,084. Riley, tn. in Sandusky co., Ohio. Pop., 1,461. Riley, tn. in Butler co., Ohio. Pop., 1,612. Riley Centre, p. o. in Hiley co., Kans. Rile} Centre, p. o. in St. Clair co., Mich. Riley Plantation, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 258. Riley's Station, p. v. in Marion co., Ky., on the Louisville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 9 mis. from Lebanon. Pop. about 400. Riley ville, p. o. in Wayne co,, Pa. Riiuer, p. o. in Armstrong co., Pa. Rimersbnrgh, p. borough in Clarion co.. Pa,, 7 mis. from Philipsburgh Station. Pop., 324. Riuard, p. v. in Wayne co.. 111., on the Spring- field & Illinois Southeastern R. R., 7 mis. S. of Flora. Rlnard's Mills, p. o. in Alonroe co., Ohio. Rincon, p. o. in Santa Barbara co., Cal. Rindge, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 1,107. Rindge, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Winchendon, Mass. Ring, p. o. in Winnebago co.. Wis. Ringgold, p. o. in Cherokee CO., Ala. *Ringgold, p. V. and the co. seat of Catoosa CO., Ga., on theWestern & Atlantic'R.R., 22ml9. S E. of Chattanooga, Tenn. Has manufac- tures and is the seat of an active trade. Pop., 315. One newspaper. Ringgold, p. V. in La Grange co., Ind., 9% mis. S. of La Grange. Ringgold, CO. in Iowa, S. part. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 5,691 ; in 1860, 2,923. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. Mo. forms the S. boundary. The W. part is intersected by Platte B. Mount Ayr is the co. seat, Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 40,381 bush.; rye, 1,491 bush.; Indian-corn, 340,735 bush.; oats, 79,159 bush.; Irish loot's, 27,894 bush.; sweet pot's, 65 bush.; wool, 52,856 lbs.; butter, 163,485 lbs.; hay, 14,325 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,664,735. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $591,950. Value of manufactures, $42,824. Ringgold, p. o. in Ringgold co., Iowa, Ringgold, p. v. in Bienville parish, La., 14 mis, from Sparta. Ringgold, p. v. in Washington co., Md., 10 mis. from Hagerstown. Ringgold, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Ringgold, tn. in Jelferson CO., Pa. Pop., 1,006, Ringgold, p. o. in the above tn. Ringgold, p. o. in Montgomery co., Tenn. Ringgold, p. V. in Pittsylvania co., Va., on the Richmond <& Danville R. R., 135 mis. S. W, of Richmond. Pop. about CO. Ringoes, p. v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., on the Flemington R. R., 5\4 nils. S. of Flemington. Ringo's Point, p. o. in Adair co., 3Io. Ringtown, p. v. i7i Schuylkill co.. Pa., on the Catawissa R. R., 5 mis. from Mahanoy. Pop. about 1,000. Ringville, p. v. in Hampshire co., Mass., 8 mis. from Middlefleld Station. Ridgwood, p. V. in McHenry co.. 111., on the Fox River Branch (Galena Division) of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 11 mis. N. of Nunda. Rlngwood, p. o. in Halifax co., N. C. Ring wood ^Furnace, p. o. in Passaic co., N. J. Rinosa, p. v. in Kankakee co.. 111., on the Kan- kakee R., 7 mis. N. W. of Kankakee. Rio, p. o. in Coweta co., Ga. Rio, tn. in Knox co , 111. Pop., 1,133. Rio, p. V. in the above tn., on the Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 5% mis. S. Of Alpha. Rio, p. o. in Hart co , Ky. Rio, p. o. in Kemner co.. Miss. Rio, p. V. in Columbia co.. Wis., on the La Crosse Division of the MiUvaukee & St. Paul R. R., 13 mis. S. E. of Portage City. Pop., 300, Rio Arriba, co. in N. Mex. Ter., N. W. part. Pop., 9,294 ; in 1860, 9,849. It borders in the W. on Arizona and extends in the E. to the crest of the Rocky Mts. The Rio Grande flows through the eastern part from N. to S., and liere receives the Rio Chuma. The valleys of these streams are the only settled portions of the CO., and contain fertile bottoms, which produce good crops by the aid of irrigation, Los Luceros is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 5,249 bush.; Indian-corn, 10,351 bush.; Irisli pot's, 125 bush. Cash value of farms, $100,892. Total, estimated, value of all ET^ BONITA. 764 RIPON. ,arm pro(luC\.ons, including additions to stock, etc., $34,854. Rio Bonitn, or Honda, a tributary of the Pecos li., in Tex.: rises m the Sierra Blanca and flows to tlie E. Rio Conejos, a tributary of the Rio Grande, in Conejos CO., Colo. Ter.; rises in the San Jium Mts. and flows E. through the San Luis Park. Rio de Taos, a small tributary of the Rio Grande, in tlie N. part of N. Mex. Ter. Rio Frio, a tributary of the Nueces R., in Bexar co., Tex.; empties in Nueces co. Rio CJrande, p. v. in Cape May CO., N. J., on the Cape May & Millvillo R. K.. 5 xo\? ? of Capo May Court House. Rio Graiide, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. *Rio Grande €ity, p. v. and the co. seat of Starr CO., Tex., on the Rio Grande, about 100 mis. above Brownsville. Rio Grande del Norte, one of the lai-gest rivers of the continent ; rises in the San Juan Mts., in Colo. Ter., flows through the beauti- ful basin known as the San Luis Park, which Is surrounded on all sides by lofty mountain ranges, traverses N. Mex. Ter., and forms the boundary bet vveen Tex. and Mexico. It emp- ties into the Gulf of Mexico and has an esti- mated length of about '2,000 mis. It is not navigable, owing to shoals and sand bars, and receives but few tributaries, of which the Pecos R. and Rio San Pedro in Tex., and the Rio Conohos in Mexico are the largest. Rio Hassyampa, rises in Yavapai co., Ariz. Ter.; has a southerly course and terminates In the desert N. of the Gila R., in Maricopa co. Rio mimbres, p. v. in Grant co., N. Mex. Ter. 3.5 mis. from Pinos Altos. Rio Nutroso, a tributary of the Gila R.; rises in the Sierra Dalili of Socorro co., N. Mex. Ter., and flows through Maricoija 'co., Ai'iz. Ter. Rio Pia Juana, in the south-west corner of Cal.; has a westerly course, which lies partly in Mexican Ter. Rio Pnerco of the West, a tributary of the San Juan, in Yavapai co., Ariz. Ter.; rises in CanijibeH's Pass of the Mesa de los Lobos, and empties near the Utah state line. Rio Salado, a tributary of the Gila R.; rises in the Mogollon Mts. of Maricopa co., Ariz. Ter. ; has a westerly course and passes through a deep gorge of the Pinal Mts. Rio Salinas de Monterey, in Cal.; rises in the Coast Ranges, flows N. w. and empties into the B. of Monterey. Rio San Benito, in Cal.; rises in the Coast Ranges and empties into the B. of Monterey. Rio San Domingo, a tributary of tlie Gila U.; rises in Grant co., N. Mex. Ter., and flowing N. N. W. empties in Pima co., Ariz. Ter. Rio San Francisco, a tributary of the Rio Salado, in Ariz. Ten; rises E. of IJill Williams Mt., in Yavapai co., and flowing S. empties below Fort McDowell. Rio San Pedro, a tributary of tL^ Rio Grande in Tex.; rises in Bexar Ter., has a southerly course and forms the S^. ff. boundary of Kin- ney CO. Rio'San Pedro, a tributary of the Gila R.; rises in northern \Iexico, and flowing N. through Puna co., /vriz. Ter., traverses a wide ralley between the Santa Catarina Mts. and the Sierra Calitra. Its principal tributary is the Aravaypa Cr., which flows through a deep canyon. Rio Santa Cru«, a tributary of the Gila R., in Ariz. Ter.; rises near Santa Cruz, in Mexico, has a N. AV. course through Pimaco., and tra- verses the plains W. of the Santa Rita and Santa Catarina Jits. Rio Scco, p. o. in Butte co., Cal. Rio Virgin, formerly a co. in Utah Ter. Pop., 400. Since the census was taken it has been united with Washington co. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,849 bii.sh.; Indian-corn, 18 bush.; oats, 30 bush.; Irish pot's, lU bush.; sweet pot's, 10 bush.; hay, 9,5 tons. Casli value of farms, $1-J,59(;. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions. Including additions to stock, etc., $16,955. Value of manufactures, $15,096. Rio Vista, tn. in Solano co., Cal. Fop., 888. Rio Vista, p. v. in tlie above tn., on Sacramen- to R., 45 mis. W. of Sacramento City. Pop., :il9. Ripley, tn. in Brown co.. 111. Pop., 593. Ripley, \). v. in the above tn., e mis. from ML Sterling. Ripley, tn. in Bond co.. 111. Pop., 972. Ripley, co. in Ind., S. E. part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 20,980; in 1860, 19.054. The surface is undulating and high. The streams flow generallj' in deeply eroded valleys with rich but narrow bottoms. Langherry Cr. flows through the co. from N. to S. The Ohio & Mississippi R. R. intersects the co. Versailles is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 204,995 bush.; rye, 4,284 bush^ Indian- corn, 441,645 bush.; oats, 131,771 bush.; Irish pot's, 81,345 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,844 bush ; but- ter, 380,911 lbs.; hay, lO,.^! tons. Cash value of farms, $6,180,6.50. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,188,30.5. Value of manufac- tures, $880,717. Ripley, tn. in Rush co., Ind. Pop., 1,841. Ripley, tn. in Montgomery co., Ind. Pop., 1 4:33. Ripley, tn. in Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 299. Ripley, tn. in Somerset co.. Me. Pop., 584. Ripley, p. o. in the above tn. Ripley, tn. in Dodge co., Minn. Pop., 294. *Ripley, p. v. and the co. seat of Tippah co.. Miss., 30 mis. E. of Holly Spring. Pop., 422. One newspaper. Ripley, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Pop., 3,175; in 1860, 3,747. The co. borders on Ark. and is drained by Current R. and other affluents of the Big Black R. The surface is rolling and in some parts quite hillj'. The valleys have a highly productive soil. Doniphan is the co. /Seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 17,725 bush.; rye, 100 bush.; Indian-corn, 142,485 bush.; oats, 14.214 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,9.58 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,365 bush.; butter, 41,961 lbs. Cash value of farms, $277,510. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $204,760. Value of manu- factures, $25,100. Ripley, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 1,946. *Ripley, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Sliore roiluctions, including ailditions to stock, etc., $567,955. Value of manufactures, $197,015. Roanoke, tn. in Cliarlotte co., Va. Pop., 4,830. Roanoke, tn. in Halifax co., Va. Pop., 6,182. Roanoke River is formed liy the Staunton and Dan Rs., which unite at Clarksville, Meck- lenburgli co., Va.; flows E. S. E. and enters into N. C. near the 78th meridian. Near Wel- don it meets tide-water, and flowing thence S. E. it empties into the W. extremity of Al- bemarle Sound. Tlic stream is about 250 mis. long, traverses a ricli and pictun'sque coun- try and is navigable as far as Weldon, 150 mis. above its mouth. Tlie Dan R. rist^s in the Blue Ridge of Patrick co., Va., and has an easterly course. The Staunton R., which is the longest of the branches, rises among the mountains of JMontgomery co., and flowing E. breaks through the Blue Ridge at the western Ijoundary of Roanoke co. Roan's Prairie, p. o. in Grimes co., Tex. Roaring: Branch, p. v. in Lycoming co.. Pa., on the Northern Central R. R , 28}^ mis. N. of Williamsport. Roaring Creek, tn. in Columbia co., Pa. Pop.. 486. ' Roaring Creek, p. v. in the above tn., 5 ral8. from Catawissa. Roaring Creek, p. o. in Randolph co., W. Va. Roaring Creek, p. o. in Jackson co.. Wis. Roaring tiap, p. o. in Wilkes co., N. C. Roaring River, tn. in Barry co., Mo. Pop., 667. Roaring River, p. o. in Barry co.. Mo. Roaring Run, p. v. in Botetourt co., Ta., 23 nds. N. W. of Liberty, and about 18 mis. S. of Clifton Forge. Roaring Spring, p. v. in Trigg co., Ky., 14 mis. from Cadiz. Pop., 120. Roaring Spring, p. v. in Blair co., Pa., 6 mis. from Newry. Robard's Station, p. o. in Henderson co., Ky. Robb, tn. in Posey co., Ind. Pop., 1,781. Robbins, j). o. in Barnwell district, S. C. Robbinston, tn. in Washington co., Me. Pop., 926. Robbinston, p. v. in the above tn., on St. Croix R., 12 mis. from Calais. Robbinsville, p. o. in Mercer co., N. J. Robbinsville, p. o. in Red River co., Tex. Rob Camp, p. o. in Claiborne co.. Tenn. Robella, J), o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Roberson's Cross Roads, p. o. in Bledsoe CO., Tenn. Roberts, p. o. in Ford co.. 111. Roberts, tn. in Marshall co.. 111. Pop., 883. Robert's L.anding^ p. o. in St. Clair co., Mich. Robertson, co. in Ky., N. E. part. Area about 175 sq. mis. Pop., 5,399. Licking R. forms the 5. and S. W. boundary, and its afHuent, Shan- non Cr., tlie N. boundary. The surface is rolling and in some parts hilly; the soil is fertile. Mount Olivet is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 9,913 bush.; rye, 11,176 bush.; Indian-corn, 242,426 bush.; oats, 16,667 bush.; Irisli pot's, 7,807 bush.; sweet pot's, 408 bush.; tobacco, 1,648,201 lbs.; butter, 84,675 lbs.; hay, 769 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,- 11.0,462. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including add/*ons to stock, etc., $432,430. Value ot manufactures, $38,151. Robertson, co. in Tenn., N. part. Area, 490 sq. nils. Pop., 16,166 ; in 1860, 15,265. The co. borders in the N. on Ky.; has a rolling surface and a productive soil, and is drained by small affluents of the Cumberlancl R. The Edg(ifleld 6, Kentucky R. It., a division of the St. Louis & Southeastern R. R., passes through it. Springfield is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 161,118 bush ; rye, 937 bush.; Indian-corn, 559,020 bush.; oats, 149,019 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,295 bush.; sweet pot's, 27,455 bush ; tobacco, 2,103,322 lbs.; butter, 155,643 lbs.; hay, 9.53 tons. Ca:sh value of farms, $4,291 ,.516. Total, estiniat(Hl, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,359.- 24.5. Value of manufactures, $564,715. Robertson, co. in Tex., central part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 9,990; in imO, 4,997. The surface is uiululating; the soil procluc- tive. Navasota It. forms the E. boundary and Brazos R. the W. The Little Brazos It. intersects the W. part from N. to S. Owens- ville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 140,0S3 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,453 bush.; sweet pot's, 700 bush.; cotton, 4,833 bales.; butter, 1,216 lbs. Cash value of farms, $742,i)65. Total, estimated, value of all faun productions, iucluiliiig additions to stock, etc., $293,475. N'alue of manufactures, $117, .525. Robertson, tu. in Madison CO., Va. Pop.,2,880L o o w w CO H ROBERTSON'S. 767 ROCHESTER. Robertson's, p. o. in Anderson co., Tenn. Robertson's 9I11I, p. o. in Stone co., Mo. Robertson's Station, p. o. in Harrison CO., Robertson's River, a tributary of the Eapi- dan K.; rises iu the Blue Ridge, and traverses Madison co. in a S. E. direction. Robertsonville, p. o. in the v. of Colesburgh, in Hardin co., Ky., on the Louisville & Nash- ville R. R., 34 mis. S. W. of Loui.sville. Robertsonville, p. o. in Coahoma co.. Miss. Robertsonville, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Robertsville, p. v. in Litehtield co.. Conn., 4 mis. fro7n Winsted. Robertsville, p. o. in Franklin co., Mo. Robertsville, p. o. in Stark co., Ohio. Robertsville, p. o. in Anderson co., Tenn. Robeson, co. in N. C, S. pai-t. Area about 780 sq. mis. Pop., l(5,'2G-2 ; in 1860, 15,489. The Lit- tle Pedee R. forms the south-eastern boundary and Lumber R. part of the western. Great Ci'., Raft Cr., Richland Cr., and other afflu- ents of the two rivers named, drain the co. The surface is undulating or level. The Wilmington, Charlotte & Rutherford R. R. passes through the co. Lumberton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVheat, 2,272 bush.; rye, 5,83S bush.; Indian-corn, lo8,- 545 bush.; oats, 9,603 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,495 bush.; sweet pot's, 84,784 bnsh.; cotton, 2,109 bales ; butter, 21,934 lbs. Cash value of farms, $552,220. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $808,704. Value of manufactures, $264,- 878. Robeson, p. o. in Brunswick co., N. C. Robeson, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 2,458. Robeson, p. o. in the above tn. Robesonia Furnaces, p. v. in Berks co., Pa., on the Lebanon Valley Branch of the Phila- delphia & Reading R. R., 123^ mis. W. of Reading. Robeystown, p. o. in the v. of Surratt's, in Prince George's CO., Md., 12}^ mis. S. K. of Washington, D. C. Robideaux, tn. in Pulaski co., Mo. Pop., 677. Robin, p. o. in Benton co., Iowa. Robin's Bfest, p. v. in Peoria co.. 111., 4 mis. from Langdon. Robinson, tn. in Crawford co.,Ill. Pop., 1,851. Robinson, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 8 mis. W. of the Wabash R., in the midst of a wheat growing and wool-producing sec- tion. Pop. about 1,000. Two newspapers. Robinson, tn. in Posey CO., Ind, Pop., 1,663. Robinson, p. o. in the v. of St. i'rancis, in IJrown CO., Kans., on the St. Joseph & Denver City R. R. Robinson, tn. in Ottawa co., Midi. Pop., 40ii. Robinson, p. o. in the above tn. Robinson, tn. in Greene co.. Mo. Pop., 2,419. Robinson, tn. in Washington CO., Pa. Pop., 9o7. Robinson, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa, Pop., 2,275. Robinson, tn. in Wise co., Va. Pop., 769. Robinson, tn. in Mason co., W. Va. Pod., 1,145. Robinson, p. o. in Brown co., AVis. Robinson Creek, p. o. in Pikeco., Ky. Robinsonville, p. o. in Bedford co.. Pa. Rob Roy, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ark. Rob Roy, p. V. in Fountain co., Ind., 4 mis. from Attica. Robsou's l.an(ling, p. o. in Coahoma co., Miss. Roby's Corner, p. v. in Merrimac co., N. H., on the Concord & Claremout R. K., 22"^ mis. W. of Concord. Roclie-a-€rl, p. o. in Adams co.. Wis. Rocbdale, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on tlie Boston & Albany R. R., S^ mis. S. W. of Worcester. *Roclielle, p. v. in Ogle co., HI., at intersection of Chicago & Iowa R. R. with Omaha Line of Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 23 mis. E. of Dixon. An excellent grain market and center of a thriving trade. Pop., 1,607. One news- paper. Rochelle, p. v. in Madison co., Va., 13 mis. from Gordons ville. Rocbelle Park, p. o. in Bergen co., N. J. Rocbeport, p. V. in Boone co., Mo., on the Missouri R., 13 mis. W. of Columbia, the co, seat, and 40 mis. above Jefferson city. Haa active river commerce. Pop., 823. One news- paper. Rochester, tn. in Sangamon co., 111. Pop., 1,440. Rochester, p. v. in the above tn., on the San- gamon R. and the Springfield & Illinois Soutli- eastern R. R., 8 mis. S. E. of Springfield. Pop. about 250. Rochester, v. in Noble co., Ind., 1 mle. from Ligonier. Rochester, tn. in Fulton co., Ind. Pop., 3,726. ^Rochester, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Chicago, Cincinnati & Louisville R. R., 20 mis. S. by K. of Plymouth. A place of considerable local trade. Pop., 1,528. Two newspapers. Rochester, v. in Franklin co., Ind., on the White Water Canal, 76 mis. K. S. E. of Indian- apolis. Rochester, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., 797. Rochester, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Red Cellar R., 8 mis. N. of Moscow. Pop., 174 Rochester, p. v. in Butler co., Ky., on Green R., 12 nils, from Morgantown. Pop., 228. Rochester, p. o. in Jackson parish, La. Rochester, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop. 1,024. Rochester, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. W of Marion. Rochester, p. v. in Oakland co., Mich., 10 mis from Pontiac. Rochester, tn. in Olmsted co., Minn. Pop., 591 ^Rochester, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Zumbro R. and on Winona & St. P(4ter R. R., 50 mis. W. of Winona. Surrounded by a rich agricultural district and center of an active trade. Pop., 3,953. Three newspapers. Rochester, tn. in Andrew CO., Mo. Pop., 2,672. Rochester, p. v. in the above tn., on the Platte R., 10 mis. E. S. E. of Savannah, Pop., 218. Rochester, p. o. in Madison co., Mont. Ter. Rochester, tn. in Stratford co., N. H. Pop.. 4,103. '^'Rochester, p. v. in the above tn. and semi- capital of the CO., on the Portland & Rochester R. R., the Dover & Winnipeseogee Branch of the Boston & Maine R. R., and the Ports- mouth, Great Falls & Con\yay R. R., 10 mis. N. of Dover and 52 mis. S. W. of Portland, Me. Seat of extensive woollen factories. One newspaper. Roche<«ter, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 4,088. Rochester, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., 691. *Rochester, city and co. seat of Monroe co., N. Y.; is situated upon both sides of the Gen- esee R., at the Genetiee Falls, and about 7 mis. from its mouth. It lies 250 mis. W. by N. of Albany and 68 mis. E. N. E. of Buffalo. Its site is nearly level, its corporate limits about 8 sq. mis., its streets broad and generally straight, and its buildings handsomely built of brick or limestone. The wide streets are well planted and shaded, and there are many open ornamental grounds, squares and parks. The leading public, educational and charita- ble buildings are the Court House and City Hall, a large granite structure on Buffalo Street; the Arcade, the Western House of Refuge, a brick structure 382 feet in length, the Rochester University (Bapti.-t), the Theo- logical Seminary (Baptist), the Athenseuim and St. Mary's Hospital. There are several capacious hotels, numerous imposing busi- iTess structures, and a large proportion of handsome churches. The surroundings of ROCHESTER. 768 ROCKBRIDGE. the city are picturesque, the most notable J'eatuie being the Genesee Falls, tlie first of which is a little N. of the center of the city limits. Here the river makes a perpendicular plunge of 95 feet, then glides olf in a deep and lapid current lluough a slate-walled ravine more than 100 feet deep, studded with flouring mills. At the end of tliis ravine it takes its second plunge of iO feet, and further on a third of 75 feet, the entire fall in a distance of 3 nils, being -'.iU feet. Hut the natural sur- roundings are not more beautiful antl interest- ing than the artitieial. The nursery trade of liochester, which for variety and extent is uurivaleil in the world, has made of the su- burban districts a succession of beautiful nursery farms and gardens, clothed with every variety of fruit and ornamental tree, plant or shrub found in the latitude, while countless hot-liouses, lawns, walks and pav- terres reflect a richness of verdure, a glory of bloom and a profusion of sweetness which resemble enchantment. The material value of this interest alone is estiniated at $.2,500,000 annually. The unlimited water-power of the river, whose existence has contributed so largely to the growth and prosi)erity of the city, has been voy largely utilized by flour- ing mills and general manufactories. The former interest is simply immense— larger perhaps than that of any city in the Union, exceeding 1,000,000 of bljls. annually, and a consumption of over 5,000,000 bush, of grain. The other manufactures consist of boots and shoes, clothing, cabinet-ware, edge tools, iron castings, paper, machinery, leather, cotton and woollen goods, etc. The city is in water communication with Lake Ontario, via the Genesee li., up which boats ascend to Carth- age, '2 mis. N., with the K. and W. part of the state by means of the Erie Canal, which here crosses tlie river on a noble stone aqueduct 800 feet long, and with the central and S. W. parts of the state and the Alleghany B. by means of the Genesee Valley Canal. Besides this it occupies the most conspicuous position betvveen Albany antl the lakes upon the line of the New York Central & Hudson Kiver 11. U., and is the S. termi)ius of Charlotte Branch of saute, the AV. terminus of Auburn & Sus- pension Bridge Division, E. terminus of Buf- falo & Suspension 15ridge Division, and N. terminus of liochester Division of Erie 11. K. Kochester was settled in 181'2 by David Ro- chester and others, was incorporated in 1817, chartered as a city in 1834, and had in 1820 a population of 1,502 ; in 1S30, 11,209 ; in 1840, 20,191 ; In 18.50, 30,403 ; in 1800, 48,204, and in 1870, 02,380. It has 20 newspapers, Ave of which are dailj', viz: "Democrat and Chronicle," "Beobach- ier" (German), "Express," "Union and Ad- vertiser," and " Volksblatt " (German). Il^oclicster, tn. in Beaver co., I'a. Top., 920. Inoclicster, p. borough in the above tn., on tlie Ohio 1 J., at the junction of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Cliicago K. It. with the Cleveland & rittsburgh K. It., 20 mis. N. W. of I'ittsburgh. All e.xeellent bridge spans the river here. I'op., 2,091. Rochester, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 1,444. Rochester, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. \V. of ^Vest Kandolph. Rochester, In. in Racine CO., Wis. Pop., 876. *Rochester, p. v. in the above tn., on lox R., nils, from ISurlinglon. It has several flour- ing mills. Pop., 392. Rochester Depot, p. v. in Lorain CO., Ohio, on the Columbus Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis 11. K., 5Vi mis. S. W. of Wellington. Rochester 91 ills, p. o. m Wabash CO., 111. Rochester 91 ills, p. o. in Indiana co., Pa. Rock, p. o. in Pope co.. 111. Rock, p. o. in Cerro Gordo CO., Iowa. Boekf tn. in Mitchell co., Iowa. Pop., 474. Rock, p. o. m Cowlej co.^ Kans. Rock, p. o. in the Station of Rock Meeting House, in Plymouth co., Mass., on the Capo Cod R. R. Rock, CO. in Minn., forming the S, W. extremi- ty of the state. Area, oiH sq. mis. Pop., 138. It has a rolling prairie surface and is inter- sected by Rock R. anf' itmall tributaries of the Big Sioux R. Agr. pi\ Auctions in 1870: Wheat, 130 bush.; Indian-corn, 400 bush.; oats, GOO bush.; Irish pot's, 480 bush.; butter, 2,900 bush.; hiiy, 433 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,700. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, includingadditions to stock, etc., $0,650. Rock, tn. in Jell'erson co.. Mo. Pop., 2,896. Rock, p. o. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Rock, tn. in 3Iercer Co., \V. Va. Pop., 1,240. Rock, CO. in Wis., S. part. Area, 950 sq. mla. Pop., 39,039 ; in 1800, 36,690. This co. is boun^ mis. S. W. of Middletown, Del. Bock Haven, p. v. in Meade co., Kj'., on the Ohio 1',., .5 nils, from Blandenburgh. Bock Hill, p. o. in St. Louis CO., Mo. Bock Hill, tn. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pop., 3,363. Bock Hill, p. V. in York district, S. C, on the Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta 11. R., 26 mis. from Charlotte. Bock Hill, tn. in Stafford co., Va. Pop., 1,105. Bocliliold's, p. o. In Whitley co., Ky. Bock House, p. o. in Hocking co., Ohio. Bocklioiisc, p. o. in Fayette co., Tex. Bock House, p. o. in Russell CO., Va. Bockiiig-liain, tn. in Pottawatomie CO., Kans. Bockingliam, co. in N. H , forming the S. E. extremity of the state. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 47,297 ; in 18(J0, 50,122. It borders on the Atlantic Ocean, and is bounded on the N. E. by the Salmon Falls R., whose tributaries, Lamprey R., Squawscot R. and others drain it. The surface is rolling and in some parts rocky and broken. The co. is intersected by the Boston & Maine Central R. R.; the Eastern K. R. and the Concord & Portsmouth R. R. Exeter and Portsmouth are the co. seats. Agr. protluctions in 1870: Wheat, 8,065 bush.; l-ye, 6,639 bush.; oats, 51,316 bush.; Indian-coi-n, 165,843 bush.; Irish pot's, 4.56,227 bush.; butteij 674,208 lbs.; hay, 65,604 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,418,030. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,833,228. Principal products of industry: Cotton goods $1,202,800; boots and shoes, $041,912; and sawed lumber, $516,588. Total value of manufactures, $5,484,238. Bockingham, co. in N. C, N. part. Area, 532 sq. mis. Pop., 15,708 ; in 1860, 16,746. It borders on Va., and is intersected and drained by the Dan R. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. The Richmond & Danville R. R. intersects the co. Wentworth is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 53,295 bush.; rye, 4,211 bush.; Indian-corn,218,469 bush.; oats, 103,.528 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,159 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,057 bush.; tobacco, 1,411,971 lbs.; but- ter, 92,523 lbs.; hay, 1,235 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,401,765. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $748,671. Value of manufactures, $207,451. Boekiug'ham, p. v. and the co. seat of the above eo., on the Wilmington, Charlotte & Rutherford R. R., 117 nils. N. W. of Wilming- ton. Pop., 4.54. One newspaper. Bockingliam, tn. in Windham CO., Vt. Pop., 2,854. Bockingham, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rutland Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 6 mis. N. N. W. of Bellows Falls. Bockingham, co. in Va., N. central part. Pop., 23,668; in 1860,23,408. It extends from the Blue Ridge in the S. E. to the Shenan- doah Mt. in the N. W.; forms part of the lireat Valley of Va., and is traversed from S. W^. to X. E. by Little North Mt. and other chains. It is drained by the Shenandoah R. The soil is very productive. Harrisonburgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 375,688 bush.; rye, 36,251 bush.; Indian- corn, 251,754 bush.; oats, 140,896 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,.542 bush. ; sweet pot's, 4,347 bush.; to- bacco, 232 lbs.; butter, 307,668 lbs.; hay, 16,450 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,218,089. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,557,971. Value of manufactures, $756,076. Bock Island, co. in 111., N. W. part. Area, 340 sq. mis. Pop., 29,783 ; in 1860, 21,005. The sur- face is rolling ; the soil verj' fertile. Coal ar d limestone are found in large quantities. The CO. extends on both sides of Rock R., which forms part of the S. E. boundary and affords abundant water-power, and borders in theN. W. on the Mississippi R. The railroads cen- tering at Rock Island, the co. seat, intersect it. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 245,820 bush.; rye, 20,003 bush.; oats, 276,575 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,4.59,653 bush.; oats, 27t>,575bush.; Irishpot's, 192,531 bush.; sweet pot's, 966 bush.; butter, 563,122 lbs.; hay, 31, '299 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,636,949. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,787,283. Value of manufac- tures, $.5,602,443. *Bock Island, city, and the co. seat of the above co., on the E. bank of the Mississippi R., opposite Davenport, Iowa, 444 mis. below St. Paul and 347 above St. Louis. The island in the R., from which the city takes it name, is about three mis. long, and lies at the foot of the Upper Rapids. It presents a perpen- dicular front of limestone some 30 feet high ; is partly covered with woods, affording tine summer retreats, and altogether is park-like and attractive. On its southern extremity are the United States Arsenal, Armory, etc. A wagon bridge connects it with the city. The natural water-power of the river has been largely strengthened by artificial appli- ances, and is turned to practical account by numerous general manufactories. The city has a large trade by way of the river, and an extensive railroad traffic, being located upon the lines of the Chicago, Rock Island & Paci- fic R. R. and the Roekford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., at S. W. terminus of the Western Union R. R. and N. W. terminus of Peoria & Rock Island R. R. The surroundings of the city are coal-producing, and its interest in mining large and growing. Pop., 7,890; in 1860,5,130. Four newspapers. Bock Island, p. o. in Perry co., Ind. Bock Island, p. o. in AVhite co., Tenn, Bock I^ake, p. o. in W^ayne co.. Pa. Bockland, p. o. in New Castle co., Del. Bock land, p. v. in Lake co.. III., on Lake Blichigan and the Milwaukee Division of thti Chicago ct Northwestern R. R., 6 mis. S. of Waukegan. *Bockland, city and co. seat of Knox eo., Me., on S. W. side of Penobscot B., at E. ter- minus of Knox & Lincoln R. R., 40 mis. S. E. of Augusta. Is lai-gely engaged in ship building, has extensive coast-wise trade, and an immense interest in the quarrying; of limestone and manufacture of lime. Pop., 7,074. Three newspapers. Bockland, tn. in Ontonagon eo., Mich. Pop., 1,479. Bockland, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Ontonagon. Bockland, co. in N. Y., S. E.part. Area about 465 sq. nils. Pop., 25,213; in 1860,22,492. It borders in the S. W. on N. J., and in theE. on ROCKLAND. 771 ROCKVILLE. the Hudson R. The surface is mostly rolling or hilly, and the W. part is traversed by the continuations of the Ramapo Mts. and otlier chains of the Highland Kangeof N. J. The Hackensack R. and the Ramapo R., a tribu- tary of the I'onipton R., rise in the co. and drain it. The Erie R. R. intersects the S. part of the CO. (Jlarkstown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870; "Wheat, 4,87'2 bush.; rye, 12,944 bush.; Indian-corn, 57,040 bush.; oats, 30,781 bush.; Irish pot's, 85,694 bush.; sweet pot's, 90 busb.: butter, 144,588 lbs.; hay, 11,V88 ions. Cash value of farms, $5,933,900. Total, estimated, value of all farm protiiictions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc.,. iiG29,'237. Value of manufactures, .•i2,l'J9,S27. Rockland, tn. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Pop., l,94(i. Rockland, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. N. E. of Callieoon Depot. Rockland, v. in Rockland co., N. Y., near the Hudson 11. (See Palisades, the p. o.) Rockland, tn. in Venango co.. Pa. Pop., 2,068. Rockland, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. E. of Witherup's. Rockland, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 1,451. Rockland, p. v. in Providence co., R. 1., 13^ mis. W. of Providence. Rockland, tn. in Brown co.. Wis. Pop., 753. Rockland, p. o. in La Crosse co., "Wis. Rockland, in. in Manitowoc co., \Vis. Pop., 889. Rockland Liake, p. v. in Rockland co., N. Y., 6 mis. from Nyack. Pop., 510. Rockland L.ake, in Rockland co., N. Y., about 5 mis. in circumference ; is noted for its beautiful clear water, and furnishes large supplies of excellent ice, which is mostly consumed in New I'ork. Rockland 91ills, p. o. in Metcalf CO., Ky. Rock Lick, p. o. in Harrison co., Ind. Rock L.ick, p. o. in Breckinridge co., Ky. Rock Lick, p. o. in Marshall co., W. Va. Rocklin, p. v. in Placer co., Cal., on the Cen- tral Pacitlc R. R., 21 mis. from Sacramento. Location of the Railroad Company's machine shops. In the neighborhood are quarries of excellent granite. Pop., 542. Bock Mart, p. v. in Polk co., Ga., at W. ter- minus of Cherokee R. R., 20 mis. S. W. of Cartersville. Center of trade for cotton and grain producing surroundings. Valuable de- posits of slate in the neighborhood. One newspaper. Rock Itlilljs, p. V. in Randolph CO., Ala., 18 mis. from La Grange, Ga. Rock Mills, p. o. in Anderson co., S. C. Rock Mills, p. o. in Rappahannock co., Va. Rock Point, p. v. in Jackson co., Oreg., 14 mis. from Jacksonville. Rock Point, p. o. in the v. of Clinton, in Beaver co.. Pa., on the New Castle Branch of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 7 mis. N. of Beaver Falls. Rockport, p. V. and tlie co. scat of Hot Springs CO., Ark., on the Washita R. and the Cairo & Fulton R. R., 44 mis. S. W. of Little Rock. The river is navigable to this point. Rockport, p. o. in Hanson co.. Dak. Ter. Rockport, p. v. in Pike so.. 111., near the Mis- sissippi R. and on the Quinev, Alton & St. Louis R. R., 36 mis. S. S. E. of Qnincy and 6 mis. N. of Pike. Pop. about 300. *Roekport, p. v. and the co. seat of Spencer CO., lad., oil the Ohio R., 50 mis. above Evans- ville and 150 mis. below Louisville. An im- portant commercial mart for the agricultural products of the surrounding district. Pop., 1,720. Four newspapers. Rockport, p. o. in Rooks co., Kans. Rockport. p. V. in Ohio co., Ivy.,on Elizabeth- town & Paducah R. R.,77 mis. W. S. W. of Elizabethtown. Rockport, p. V. in Knox co., Me., on Penob- scot B., uils. from Rockland. Rockport, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 3,904. Rockport, p. V. in the above tn.. on the E. shore of Cape Ann, at E. terminus of Glouces- ter Branch of the Eastern R. R., 6 nUs. N. E. of Gloucester. Has a large cotton factory and is extensively engaged in the fisheries. Rockport, p. o. in Copiah co.. Miss. *Rockport, p. V. and the co. seat of Atchison CO., Mo., 5 mis. E. of Rockville the station on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council BlulTs R. R. Has agricultural surroundings. Pop., 490. Two newspapers. Rockport, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Pop., 2,001. Rockport, p. V. in the above tn., on Rock R., 10 mis. S. W. of Cleveland. Rockport, V. in Allen co., Ohio, 18 mis. N. N. E. of Lima. Rockport, p. V. in Carbon co.. Pa., on Lehigh Valley R. R. and Pennsylvania & New York Canal and R R. Co's. Line, 15 mis. N. N. W. of Manch Chunk. Pop. about 100. Rockport, p. V. in Refugio co.,Tex., on Aran- sas B., 26 mis. N. N. E. of Corpus Chnsti. Has a good harbor and is connected by steamers with New Orleans ; ships live stock, beef, hides, wool, etc. Pop. about 400. One news- paper. Rockport, p. o. in Summit co., Utah Ter. Rockport, p. o. in AVood co., W. Va. Rock Prairie, p. o. In Dade co., Mo. Rock Prairie, p. o. in Rock co.. Wis. Rock Rapids, p. v. in Lyon co., Iowa, on Rock R., 60 mis. N. of Sioux City. Surrounded bj' a new but fertile agricultural country. One newspaper. Rock Ridge, p. o. in Douglas co., Colo. Ter. Rock Rift, p. V. in Delaware co., N. Y., 14 mis. from Hancock. Rock River, a tributary of the Mississippi ; rises in Fond du Lac co.. Wis.; expands into Horicon Lake and Koshkonong Lake, then passes into 111., where it changes its southern course to a south-western, ami empties near Rock Island. It is about 350 mis. long, but owing to obstructions is not navigable. The country which the stream traverses is highly productive anil picturesque. Its largest tribu- tary is the Pikatonokj- R., which rises in Iowa CO., Wis., and empties in Winnebago co.. 111. Rock Roe, tn. in Prairie co.. Ark.- Pop., 277. Rock Run, tn. in Stephenson co.. 111. Pop., Rock Run, p. o. in the v. of Rock Citv, in the above tn., on the Western Union R. R. Rocksbnrg'li, p. o. in Warren co., N. J. Kock Slioals, p. o. in Chambers co., Ala. Rock Spring:, p. o. in Walker co,, Ga. Rock Spriii;;, p. o. in Washington co.. Mo. Rock Spring', p, o. in Orange co., N. C. Rock Spring, p. v. in Centre co.. Pa., 12 mis. N. E. of Spruce Creek and 23 mis. S. S. W. of Bellefonte. Rock Spring, p. o. in Patrick co., Va. Rock Springs, p. v. in Cecil CO., Md., 5J.^ml3, N. of Rowlandsville. Rock Springs, p. o. in Claiborne CO., Miss. Rock Springs, p. o. in Sweetwater co., Wyo. Ter. Rock Stream, p. v. in Yates co., N. Y., I mle. from the station on the Northern Central R. R.. 6 mis. N. of Watkins. Rockton, tn. in 'Winnebago co., 111. Pop., 1,827. *Rockton, p. V. in the above tn., on the West- ern Union R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Beloit, Wis., and at the confluence of Rock and Pecatonica lis. Has fine water-power. Rockton, p. o. in Vernon co., Wis. Rockton. p. V. in Clearfield CO., Pa., 19 mis. N. W. of Clearfield. Rock Vale, tn. in Ogle co., 111. Pop., 757. Rock View, p. o. in Wyoming co. , W. Va. *Rockville, p. v. in Tolland co.. Conn,, oa Hockanum R. and at N. E. terminus of Rocic- EOCKVILLE. 772 ROGEES' STORE. ville R. R., 15 mis. N. E. of Hartford. The river affords excellent water-power, wliich is employed by various woollen and cotton manufactories. Pop., inclusive of tn., 5,446. One newspaper. Bockville, tu. in Kankakee co.. 111. Pop., 1,11-2. Bockville, p. V. in the above tn., on the Kan- kakee R., 10 mis. N. W. of Kankakee. Bockville, p. o. in Delaware co., Iowa. *RockviIle, p. V. and the co. seat of Parke co., Ind., on the Logansport, Crawfordsville & Southwest R. R., 23 mis. N. N. £. of Tcrre Haute and 30 mis. S. W. of Crawfordsville. Has rich agricultural surroundings and im- portant i^roduce trade. Pop., 1,087. Twonews- papers. Itockville, p. V. in Miami co., Kans., 19 mis. S. K. of Paola. KockvlIIe, p. V. in Knox co., Me., 3 mis. from Rockland. *Rookvllle, p. V. and the co. seat of Mont- gomery CO., Md., on the Metropolitan Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 15 mis. N. N. AY. of Washington, D. 0. Pop., C(JO. Rockvllle, p. V. in Korfolk co., Mass., 2J^ mis. by a branch railroad from Norfolk. Roekville, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 403. Rockville, p. o. in the above tn. Rockville, p. v. in Bates co.. Mo., near the Osage R. and on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 271^ mis. S. W. of Clinton. Rockville, v. in S. E. corner of Adams co., Ohio, on Ohio R. Pop., 937. Rockville, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on the Wilmington & Reading R. R., 10 mis. N. of Coatcsville. Rockville, V. in Dauphin co.. Pa., at E. end of bridge across the Susquelianna R., on the Pennsylvania R. R., at junction with Schuyl- kill & Susquehanna Division of Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 5 mis. N. of Harrisburgh.- Pop., 259. The p. o. is Susquehanna. Rockville, p. v. in Washington co., R. I., 11^-^ mis. N. W. of Shannock Mills. Rockville, p. o. in Kane co., Utah Ter, Rockville, i3. v. in Grant co., Wis., 10 mis. from Platteville. Rockville Centre, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., on the South Side R. R. of Longlsland, 17 mis. E. of New York. One newspaper. Pop., 650. Rockwall, a new co. in Tex., N. E. part. Area about 175 sq. mis. It was set off from Kauf- man CO.; has an undulating sui-face, and is drained by the branches ot Cedar Cr., a trib- utarj' of Trinity R. Rockwall, p. V. in Rockwall co., Tex., 26 mis. N. of Kaufman. Rockwell, p. o. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa. Rockwell, p. o. in Rowan co., N. C. Rockwood, p. o. in the v. of Liberty, in Ran- dolph CO., 111., on the Mississippi R., 9 mis. S. W. of Chester. Rockwood, p. o. in the v. of Huron Station, Wayne co., Mich., on the Lake Shore & Michi- gan Southern R. R. (Detroit Division), 27 mis. S. of Detroit. Rockwood, p. V. in Fulton co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Johnstown. Rockwood, p. V. in Roane co., Tenn., 11 mis. from Kingston. Rocky, p. o. in Erath co., Tex. Rocky Bar, p. v. and co. seat of Alturas co., Idaho Ter., 45 mis. from Idaho City. Rocky Bayou, tn. in Izard co.. Ark. Pop., 720. Rocky Brook, p. v. in Washington co., R. I., ■i]4 mis. from Kingston Station. Bocky Comfort, p. v. and the co. scat of Little Uivur CO., Ark., 35 mis. AV. N. W. of Fulton. Bocky Comfort, p. v. and the co. seat of Newton co., Mo., 15 mis. S. of Pierce City. Bocky Ford, p. o. in Bent co., Colo. Ter. Bocky Ford, p. o. in Scriyen co., Ga. Bocky Fork, tn. in Boone co.. Mo. Pop.. 1,870. Rocky Fork, p. o. in Licking co., Ohio. Rocky Gap, tn. in Bland co., Va. Pop., 1,000. Rocky Gap, p. o. in the above tn. Rocky mil, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop., 971. Rocky Hill, p. v. in the above tn., on the Connecticut Valley R. R., 8 mis. from Hart- ford. Rocky Hill. p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. Rocky Hill, p. v. in Somerset co., N. J., on theJIillstoncR.and the Delaware & Raritan Canal, at W". terminus of Rocky Hill R. R., 7 mis. from Monmouth Junction. Pop. about 100. Rocky Hill, p. o. in Jackson co., Ohio. Rocky Hill, p. o. in Fayette co., W. Va. Rocky Hill Station, p. v. in Edmonson co., Ky., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 96 mis. from Louisville. Pop. about 350. Rocky Mount, p. o. in Meriwether co., Ga. Rocky Mount, p. o. in Bossier parish, La. Rocky Mount, p. v. in Miller co.. Mo., 31 mis. S. of California. *Rocky Mount, p. V. in Edgecombe co., N. C, on Tar R. and on the Wilmington & AVeldon R. R. at intersection with the Tarborough Branch of same, .37 mis. S. of Weldon and 41 mis. N. of Goldsborough. Pop., 357. One newspaper. Rocky Mount, tn. in Franklin co., Va. Pop., 2,034. Rocky Mount, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, 24 mis. from Salem. Rocky Mountains, the great mountain sys- tem traversing the western part of the United. States from N. to S., and forming the eastern margin of the Cordilleras. (See pages 8 and 9, and the articles N. Mex., Colo., Wyo., Mont, and Idaho Ters.) Rocky Point, p. o. in Suffolk co., N. Y. Bocky Point, p. o. in New Hanover co., N. C. Rocky Ridge, p. o. in Frederick co., Md. Bocky Biver, a tributary of the Canej^ Fork of the Cumberland R., in Tenn.; forms the boundary between Warren and Van Buren COS. Bocky Biver, an affluent of Lake Erie, in Ohio ; rises in Medina co., flows N. through Cuyahoga co. and empties 10 mis. W. of Cleve- land. Bocky Biver, a tributary of the St. Joseph R. in Mich.; flows through St. Joseph co. Bocky Biver, a tributary of the Vadkin R. in N. C; flows through Cabarrus co., and forms the boundary between Stanley, Union and Anson cos. Bocky Biver, p. o. in Warren co., Tenn. Bocky Bun, tn. in Hancock co.. 111. Pop., 656. Bocky Run, p. o. in McLeod co., Minn. Bocky Bun, ji. o. in Columbia co.. Wis. Bocky Station, tn. in Lee co., Va. Pop., 2,304. Bocky Station, p. o. in the above tn. Bocky Well, p. o. in Lexington district, S. C. Bodman, tn. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Pop., 1,604. Bodman, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Adams Centime. Bodney, p. v. In Jefferson co.. Miss., on the Mississippi R., 24 mis. below Grand Gulf. Pop., 573. Bodney, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. Boesburgh, p. o. in Grant co., Ind. Boesville, p. v. in Queen Anne co., Md., U mis. N. W. of Greensborough. Bo{;ers, tn. in Ford co.. 111. Pop., 593. Bog^ers, tn. in Presque Isle co., Mich. Pop. 3,-)5. Bogers, p. o. in the v. of Petroleum, in Ritchie CO., W. Va., on the Parkersburgh Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Bogers City, p. v. in Presque Isle co., Mich., on Lake Huron, about 125 mis. N. of Bay City. Bogers'Store, p. o. in Osage co., Mo. ROGERSVILLE. 773 ROMULUS. RogersTille, p. v. in Lauderdale CO., Ala., 20 mis. from Athens. Pop., 435. Rog'ersville, p. o. in Henry co., Ind. Rogersville, p. o. iu Genesee co., Mich. Rog'ersville, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, 11 nils, from New Philadelphia. Pop., 170. Rogersvllle, p. o. in Greene co., Pa. *RosersvHle, p. v. and the co. seat of Haw- kins co., Tenn., on Holsten R. at head of navi- gation, and on East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., at N. terminus of Rogersville r.ranch of same, about S mis. N. N. E. of Rogersville Junction. Quarries of variegated marble in the vicinity, large quantities of which are shipped to all parts of the country. Pop.. 657. One newspaper. Rogersville Junction, v. in Hamblen co., Tenn., on East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., at S. terminus of Branch to Rogers- ville, 8 mis. E. of Russelville. Rogne River, in Oreg.; rises in the Cascade Mts. of Jackson co., flows W. through Jose- phine and Curry cos., and empties into the Paciiic Ocean at EUensburgh. Rohrerstown, v. in Lancaster co., Pa. (See Ilompfleld.) Rolirersville, p. v. in Washington co., Md., on the Washington County R. R., SV^ mis, N. of Knoxville. Rolirsburgb, p. v. in Columbia co.. Pa., 10 mis. N. of Bloomsburgh. Roland, p. o. in the v. of Duncanton, in White CO., 111.. 5 mis. S. E. of Norris City. Roland, p. o. in Story co., Iowa. Roland, p. o. in Centre co.. Pa. Roler's Ridge, tn. in Benton co., Ark. Pop., 178. Rolesville, p. o. in Wake co., N. C. Rolette, new co. in Dak. Ter., N. part ; borders on British America, and has a rolling prairie surface, which includes several large lakes. Rolfe, p. V. and the co. seat of Pocahontas co., Iowa, on Des Hloines R., 33 mis. N. W. of Fort Dodge. A new and thriving place with active trade. Pop. about 350. One newspaper. Rolla, tn. in Phelps co., Mo, Pop., 4,184. *Rolla, p. V. and the co. seat of Phelps co.. Mo., on the Atlantic & Pacific R. R., 114 mis. S. W. of St. Louis, in the midst of an iron mining district. Several smelting works in the vicinity. Seat of State Mining School. Pop., 1,354. Two newspapers. Rolland, tn in Isabella co., Mich. Pop., 210, Rollersville, p. v. in Sandusky co., Ohio, 12 mis. from Elmore, Rollin, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 1,515, Rollin, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis, from Hud- son. Rolling Fork, tn. in Pope co., Minn, Pop., 211. Rolling Fork, p. o. in the above tn. Rolling Fork, p. o. in Issaquena CO., Miss. Rolling Hill, p. o, in Charlotte CO., Va. Rolling Prairie, v. in Boone co., Ark., 6 mis. E. of Harrison, the co. seat. Rolling Prairie, p. v. in La Porte co., Ind., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R, 'Rolling Prairie, p. v. iu Dodge co,. Wis., on the Northern Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R, R., 1% mis. N. E. of La Porte. Rolling Stone, tn. in Winona co.,Minn, Pop., 595. Rolling Stone, p, o. in the above tn, Rollinsbnrgh, p. o. in Monroe co., W, Va, Rollinsford, tn. in Strafford co., N.H. Pop., 1,.tO0. Rollinsville, p. v, in Gilpin co,, Colo, Ter,, 10 mis. N. of Central City. Roma, p. o. in Starr co., Tex. Romance, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis, Rome, p. o. in Covington co., Ala. *Ronie, city, and co. seat of Floyd co,, Ga., on Coosa R. and Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R„ at W. terminus of Rome R. R., 39 mis, S. by W. of Dalton, Center of trade for the N, W. part of the state. Pop,, 2,748. Five newspapers, Rome, tn. in .Jones co., Iowa. Pop., 1,067. Rome, p. V. in Peoria co.. 111., on Peoria Lake and the Peoria Branch of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 15 mis, N. of Peoria, Rome, V, in Jefferson co,, Ind., 9 mis, E, N. E. of Madison. Rome, p. V. in Perry co., Ind., on the Ohio R,, 100 mis. below Louisville, Ky, Pop., 221. Rome, p. V. in Henry co., Iowa, on the Bur- Imgton & Missouri River R. R., 7 mis, W, of Mount Pleasant. Rome, tn. in Kennebec co.. Me. Pop., 725. Rome, p. V. In the above tn., 9 mis. from Bel- grade. Rome, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 1,451, Rome, p. V. in the above tn,, 10 mis. from Adrian. Rome, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Pop., 396. Rome, p. o. in Winston co., Miss. Rome, V. in Boone co.. Mo., 18 mis, N, N. W, of Columbia. *Rome, city and semi-co. seat of Oneida co., N. Y., on Mohawk R. at junction of Black River Canal with the Erie Canal, and on New York Central & Hudson River R. R., at K. terminus of Utica & Rome Divisions of New York & Oswego Midland R. R., and S. ter- minus of Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh R. R., 14 mis. N. W. of Utica and 102 W. N. W. of Albany, It is situated in the midst of rich agricultural and dairying surroundings. The rivei's afford abundant water-power, which is employed by several manufacturing estab- lishments. Here are also large lumber and boat yards. Center of an active trade by railroad and canal. Pop., 11,000. Two news- papers, Rome, tn. in Athens co,, Ohio. Pop., 1,972. Rome. tn. in Lawrence co., Ohio. Pop., 2,096, Rome, V. in Richland co., Ohio, 12 mis, N. of Mansfield. Rome, V. in Adams co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 12 mis, S. W, of West Union. Pop., 471, The p. o. is Stout's. Rome, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 669. Rome, p. V. in the above tn., 11 mis, from Jef- ferson, Rome, V. in Delaware co,, Ohio, 22 mis. N. by E. of Columbus. Rome, V. in Seneca co,, Ohio, 8 mis, W. of Tif- fin. Rome, tn. in Bradford co., Pa. Pop., 1^3, Rome, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Wysox. Pop., 230. Rome, tn. in Crawford co., Pa. Pop., 1,274. Rome, p. V. in Smith co., Tenn., on the Cum- berland R., 7 mis. from Carthage. Rome, tn. in Adams co.. Wis. Pop,, 143. Rome, p. V. in Jefferson co., Wis., II mis. from Jeff(3rson. Rome City, p. v. in Noble co., Ind,, on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R, R., \\% mis, S. of Lagrange. Pop., 351. ^Romeo, p. V. in Macomb co., Mich., on the Michigan Air Line R, R., 14i^ mis, W, of Rich- mond. Romeo, p. o. in Greene co., Tenn. Itomford Station, p, o. in Litchfield co,. Conn. Romine, tn. in Marion co.. 111. Pop., 893. Romine's Mills, p. o, in Harrison co., W, Va. Romney, p. v, near Corwin, in Tippecanoe CO., Ind., on the Louisville, New Albany & Chi- cago R. R.. 14 mis. N. of Crawfordsville and 14 S. of La Fayette. Pop., 104. Romney, tn. in Hampshire co., W, Va. Pop,, 1,031, *Romney, p. v. and the co. seat of the above tn., on South Bi-anch of Potomac R., 20 mis. S. of Patterson's Depot, Md, Pop., 482. One newspaper, Romnlns, p, o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. Remains, tn. in Wayne co,, Mich, Pop,, 1,463, ROMULUS. 774 ROSE LAKE. Romnlns, p. o. in Wayne co., Micb. Romulus, tn. in Seneca eo., N. Y. Pop., 2,223. Koniuliis, p. V. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Geneva. Komiilas Centre, p. v. in Seneca co., N. Y., 18 mly. from Geneva. Ronald, tn. in Ionia CO., Mich. Pop., 1,353. Roiiceverte, p. o. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Rondo, p. V. in La Fayette co., Arli., 15 mis. from Fulton. Roudo, p. V. in Polk co.. Mo., 84 mis. S. of Se- flalia and 40 mis. S. of Warsaw. *Rondout, p. V. in Ulster CO., N. Y., on Ron- dout Cr., 1 mle. above its junction with the Hudson II., opposite llhinebeck, 90 mis. N. of Xew Y'ork; is the eastern terminus of the New York, Kingston & Syracuse K. E., and also of the Delaware & Hudson Canal. By way of the latter it receives lar^e amounts of coal from Pa., which are extensively shipped from here. Pop., 10,114. Rondout Kill, a tributary of the WallkillR., in Ulster co.', N. Y. Roney, p. o. in Hickory co.. Mo. Roney's Point, p. o. in Ohio co., W. Va. Roney /Store, p. o. in Spottsylvania CO., Va. Ronkonkoina, p. o. in the v. of Lakeland, in Sulfolk CO., N. Y., on the Long Island 11. R. Rono, p. o. in Perry co., Ind. Rooks, new co. in Kans., N. part. Area 900 sq. nils. The surface is gently rolling and consists mainly of prairies. The South Fork of the Solomon R. intersects the co. from W. to E., and receives numerous sinall tributa- ries. The southern part of the co. is drained by affluents of the Sabine R. Rooks Centre, p. o. in the above co. Rook's Creek, tn. in Livingston co., 111. Pop., 945. Rook's Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Roop, CO. in Nev., forming the N. W extrem- ity of the state. Pop., 133. The surface con- sists entirely of elevated and broken table- lands. A portion of the Surprise Valley,which extends along the eastern base of Warner's Range in Gal., lies within this CO., and contains some well-improved farms. In the southern part is Pyramid Lake. Gold has been found in some of the streams, but not in sufficient quantities to attract miners. Cash value of farms, $29,050. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,300. Root, p. o. in the v. of Middletown, in Allen CO., ind., 10 mis. S. E. of Fort Wayne. Root, tn. in Adams co., Ind. Pop., Ii252. Root, tn. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Pop,, 2,492. Root Creek, p. o. in Milwaukee co., Wis. Root River, p. o. in Mower co., Minn. Rootstown, tn. in Portage co.,Ohio. Pop., 1,169. Rootstown, p. V. in the above tn., on the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 42 mis. from Cleveland. Pop., 84. Rootville, p. o. in Antrim co., Mich. Roperville, p. o. in Gage co., Nebr. Rosalia, p. o. in llutler co., Kans. Rosalia, p. o. in Stevens co.. Wash. Ter. Rosary ville, p. o. in Prince George's co., Md. Rosbacli. p. o. in Plymouth co., Iowa. Rosby's Rock, p. v. in Marshall co., W. Va., on the IJaltimore & Ohio R. R., 6 mis. S. E. of Moundsville. Roscoe, tn. in Winnebago co.. 111. Pop., 1,135. *Roscoe, p. V. in the above tn., on the Madison Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., It; mis. N. W. of Belvidere. Roscoe, tn. in Davis co., Iowa. Pop., 570. Roscoe, tn. in Goodhue co., IMinn. Pop., 811. Roscoe, p. V. in the above tn., 25 mis. from Kasson. Roscoe, tn. in St. Clair co.. Mo. Pop., 922. Roscoe, p. V. in the above tn., on Osage R., 8 mis. W. of Osceola, the co. seat. Pop., 302. Roscoe, p V. in Coshocton co., Ohio, on the Ohio & Erie Canal, 2 mis. from Coshocton. Roscoe Centre, p. o. in Goodhue co., Minn. Roscommon, co. in Mich., N. central part. Area, 475 sq. mis. Tbe surface is rolling and the soil poor. The co. contains two large lakes, Higgins and Houghton's. The forraer is drained by the Au Sable R., the latter by the Muskegon R. Roscommon, p. o. in thfe above co. Roscommon, p. o. in Monroe co.. Pa. Rose, tn. in Shelby CO., 111. Pop., 1,494. Rose, p. o. in Woodson co., Kai:^s. Rose, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop,. 1.16S. Rose, p. o. in the above tn. Rose, tn. in Ramsey co., Minn. Pop., 7.50. Rose, tn. in Wayne CO., N. Y. Pop., 2,056. Rose, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Clyde. Rose, tn. in Jefferson co.. Pa. Pop., 1,058. Rose, tn. in Carroll co., Ohio. Pop., 1,106. Rose, tn. in Waushara Co., Wis. Pop., 397. Rose Bay, p o. in Hyde eo., N. C. Roseberry, p. o. in knox CO., Tenn. Rose Bluff, p. o. in Calcasieu parish. La. Roseboon, tn. in Otsego CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,5S9. Roseboon, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from Cherry Valley. Rose Bud, p. o. in White co.. Ark. Rose Bud, p. o. in Pope co.. 111. Roseburg^h, v. in Union co., Ind., 3 mis. from Libei'ty. *Rosebiirgh, p. v. and co. seat of Douglas co., Oreg., on the S. Fork of Umpqua R. and on the route of the Oregon & California R. R., 19 mis. S. of Oakland, the present terminus of the road. Surrounded by an agricultural and stock-raising region. Pop. about 700. Two newspapers. Rosebnrgb, v. in Perry co., Pa.,13i^mls. from Newport. Rose Clare, tn. in Hardin co.. 111. Pop., 533. Rosecrans, p. o. in Lake co.. 111. Rosccrans, p. o. in Clinton co., Pa. Rosecrans, p. o. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Rose Creek, tn. in Perry co.. Ark. Pop., 241. Rose Creek, p. o. in Mower co., Minn. Rose Creek, p. o. in Jefferson co., Nebr. Rosedale. p. v. in Parke eo.. Ind., on the Evansville & Crawfordsville R. R., 13 mis. N. E. of Terre Haute. Rosedale, v. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pop., 88. Rosedale, p. o. in Butler eo., Kans. Rosedale, p. o. in Letcher co., Ky. Rosedale, p. o. in Iberville parish, La. Rosedale, p. o. in Pasquotank co., N. C. Rosedale, p. o. in Madison co., Ohio. Rosedale, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Rosedale, p. o. In Davidson co., Tenn. Rosedale, p. o. in Russell co., Va. Rosefleld, tn. in Peoria co.. 111. Pop., 1,108. Rosefield, p. o. in the v. of Oak Hill, in the above tn., on the Galesburgh & Peoria Divis- ion of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 19 nils. N. W. of Peoria. Rosefield, p. o. in Catahoula parish. La. Rose Orove, tn. in Hamilton co., Iowa. Pop., 68. Rose Grove, p. o. in the above tn. Rose Head, p. o. and co. seat of Taylor co., Fla. Rose Hill, p. o. in Covington co., Ala. Rose Hill, p. o. in Jasper co.. 111. Rose Hill, p. o. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Rose Hill, p. o. in Mercer eo., Ky. Rose Hill, p. o. in Amite co.. Miss. Rose Hill, tn. in Johnson co.. Mo. Pop., 1,439. Rose Hill, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. of Holden. Rose Hill, p. o. in Saunders co., Nebr. Rose Hill, p. o. in Duplin CO., N. C. Rose Hill, V. in Seneca co., N. Y., 5 mis. frctva Geneva. Rose Hill, p. o. in Darke co., Ohio. Rose Hill, p. o. in Harris eo., Tex. Rose Hill, tn. in Lee co., Va. Pop., 3,023. Rose Hill, p. o. in the above tn. Rose Liake, p. o. in Martin co., Minn. ROSELLE. 775 ROULETTE. Roselle, p. o. in Carroll co., Iowa. Roselle, p. o. in Union co., N. J. Rosclyii, p. o. in Essex co., N. J. Ro$»einary, p. o. in Desha CO., Ark. Rosciiioud, tu. in Christian co., 111. Pop., 1,107. Rosemond, p. v. in the above tn., on the In- dianapolis & St. Louis II. R., 4^ mis. VV". of Pana. Pop., 256. Rose JVXount, p. o. in Warren co., Iowa. Roseinount, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Fop., 081. Rosemount, p. v. in the above tn., on the Milwaukee & St. Paul H. K., 7 mis. N. of Da- kota and 14 nils. S. of Mendota. Roscndale, p. o. in Meeker co., Minn, Kuseiidale, p. o. in Andrew co., Mo. liosendale, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 3,625. Ro»ieitdale, p. v. in the above tn., on the lion- dout Or., and on the Delaware & Hudson Canal, 10 mis. S. W. of Kingston. Roseiidale, tn. in Fond du Lac co., Wis. Pop., 1,298. Rosendale, p. v. in the above tn., on the She- boygan & Fond du Lac B. II., IS^^ mis. W. of Fond du Lac. Rosenbayn, p. o. in Cumberland co., N. J. Rosenvivk, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Rose Point, p. o. in Pembina co.. Dak. Tev. Rose JPotiit, p. V. in Lawrence co., Pa., 9)4 mis. from Newcastle. Rose'.s Bar, tn. in Yuba co., Cal. Pop., 1,191. Rose's Valley, p. o. in Lycoming co., Pa. Rose Vale, p. o. in Clay co., Kans. Roseville, p. o. in Franklin co., Ark. Roseville, p. o. in the v. of Junction, in Placer CO , Cal., on the Central Pacific U. R., and the Oregon Division of the Central Pacific R. R., 17 mis. N. E. of Sacramento. Pop., 115. Roseville, tn. in Warren co., 111. Pop., 1,153. ♦Roseville, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rock- ford, Rock Island & St. Louis 11. R., 16 mis. from iJiishnell. Pop. about 250. Roseville, p. v. in Parke co., Ind., 3 mis. N. W. of llosedale. Roseville, p. o. in Barren co., Ky. Roseville, p. v. in Macomb co., Mich., i}^ mis. S. of Frazef. Roseville, tn. in Monongalia co., Minn. Pop., Roseville, p. o. in Kandiyohi co., Minn. Roseville, p. o. in Pierce co., Nebr. Roseville, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R., lOJ,^ mis. S. of Zanesville. Pop., 426. Rosewood, p. o. in Cleburne co., Ala. Rosewood, p. o. in Harrison co., Ind. Roslclare, p. o. in Hardin co., 111. Rosiere, p. o. in Kewaunee co., \Vis. Rosiadale, p. v. in Bladen co., N. C, on the Carolina Central R. R., 38 mis. from Wilming- ton. Roslln, p. o. in Cumberland co., N. C. Rosliiidale, p. o. in Norfolk co., Mass. Roslyn, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., on the Glen Cove Branch of the Long Island R. R., 4^-^ mis. N. of Mineola. It is situated on a deep inlet of Long Island SomKi. Pop., 655. Ross, tn. in Edgar co.. 111. Pop., 731. Ross, tn. in Vermillion co.. 111. Pop., 1,738. Ross, tn. in Clinton co., Ind. Pop., 1,741. Ross, tn. in Lake co., Ind. Pop , 1,625. Ross, p. o. in the above tn. Ross, tn, in Fremont co. Iowa. Pop., 1,314. Ross, tn, in Taylor co., Iowa. Pop., 531. Ross, tn. in Kalamazoo co.^ Mich. Pop., 1,397. Ross, tn. in Cherokee CO., Kans. Pop., 449. Ross, p. o. in Kent co., Mich, Ross, CO. in Ohio, S. part. Area, 725 sq. mis. l*op., 37,097 ; in 1860, 35,071. it is drained by the Scioto li. and Paint Cr. The Marietta & Cin- cinnati R. R. passes through it from E. to W. The surface is level with hUls along the banks of the rivers. The river valleys are remark- able for their fertility. Chillicotlie is the co. seat, Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 327,854 bush.; rye, 13,639 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,313,529 bush.; oats, 99,983 bush.; Irish pot's, 98,134 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,376 bush.; butter, 334,391 lbs.; hay, 9,368 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,- 801,113. Total, estimated, value of all farnx productions, including additions to stock, etc., i5i3,287,765. Value of manufactures, $2,567,- 320. Ross, tn. in Butler co., Ohio. Pop., 1,705. Ross, p. V. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Hamil- ton. Ross, tn. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Pop., 685. Ross, tn. in Greene co., Ohio. Pop , 1,07G. Ross, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 1,62a Ross, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 990, Ross, tn. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 734, Ross City, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. Ross' Corners, p. o. in York co., Me. Rosseau, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Ross Fork, p. o. in Oneida co., Idaho Ter, Ross Grove, p. o. in De Kalb co.. 111. Rossie, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop.. 1,661. Rossie, p. V. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Ant- werp. Pop., 149. Rossland, p. o. in Monroe co.. Pa. Rosston, p. o. in Nevada co., Ark. Rosston, p. o. in Armstrong co., Pa. Rostraver, tn.in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Pop.. 2,786. Rossville, p. V. in Vermillion co.. 111., on the Chicago, Danville & Vincennes R. R., 28 mis. S. of Watseka. Rossville, p. V. in Clinton co.,Ind., 12 mis. from, Delphi. Pop., 389. Rossville, p. V. in Allamakee co., Iowa, 22 mis. N. W. of North McGregor, Rossville, p. V. in Shawnee co., Kans., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 8 mis. W. of Topeka. Pop., 43. Rossville, p. o. in the v. of Stemmer's Run, in Baltimore co., Md., on the Philadelphia, Wil- mington & Baltimore R, R., 9 mis. N. E. of Baltimore. Rossville, p. V. in Richmond co., N. Y., on Arthur's Kill, 2 mis. N. W. of Huguenot Sta- tion on the Staten Island R. R. Rossville, p. o. in Darke co., Ohio. Rossville, p. V. in York co.. Pa., 13 mis. from York. Rossville, p. o. in Chester district, S. C. Rossville, p. o. in ^'ayette co., Tenn. Rostraver, tn. in Westmoreland co., Pa. Pop.. 2,786. Rostraver, p. o, in the above tn, Roswell, p. V, in Cobb co., Ga., 12 mis. from INIarietta. Rotherwood, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. Rotlisville, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Rothville, p. o. in Chariton co.. Mo. Rotterdam, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans, Rotterdam, tn. in Schenectady co., N. Y. Pop., 2,3.55. Ronbidonx, p. o. in Texas CO., Mo. Ron^h and Ready, v. in Lee co., Ala., on the East Alabama & Cincinnati R. R. and the Western R. R. of Alabama, 18 mis. S. W. of West Point. The p. o. is Mount Jetferson. Rong^li and Ready, tn. in Nevada co., Cal. Pop., 1,210. Rough and Ready, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Nevada City. Rongrh and Ready, p. v. in Anderson co., Ky., 8 mis. from Frankfort. Pop., 160. Rongrb and Ready, p. o. in Schuylkill co., Pa. Rong^h and Ready Furnace, p. o. in Stew- art CO., Tenn. Rougb and Ready IMCills, p. o. in Henry co., Va. Roug'Ii Creek, pt o. in Breckinridge co., Ky. Roiig-h Creek, p. o. in Charlotte co., Va, Roug'hdale, p. o. in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Roulette, tn. in Potter co., Pa. Pop., 525. KOULETTE. 776 EOXBURY. Ronlette, p. o. in Potter co., Pa. Round Bottom, p. o. in Monroe CO., Ohio. RoiiiKi Bottom, p. o. in Wayne co., W. Va. Round Grove, tn.in Livingston co.. 111. Pop., t)40. Round Grove, p. v. in "Whitesides co., 111., on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 5)4™!**. E. of Morrison. Pop. about 100. Round Grove, tn. in White co., Ind. Pop., 401. Round. Grove, p. v. in Scott co., Iowa, 8 mis. N. of Dinant and 19 mis. N. W. of Davenport. Round Grove, p. o. in JIcLeod co.. Minn. Round Grove, p. o. in Lawrence co., Mo. Round Grove, tn. in Marion co.. Mo. Pop., 1,37'J. Round Uead, tn. in Hardin co., Ohio. Pop., 7o9. Round Head, p. v. in the above tn., 6 inls. N. W. of ISeUc Centre. Pop., 117. Round Hill, p. v. in Fairfield CO., Conn., 5 mis. from Greenwich. Round Hill, j). v. in Adams co., Pa., 7J^ mis. N. of Nhw Oxford. Round Sf ill, p. o. in Loudoun co., Va. Round Inland, p. v. In Clinton co., Pa., on Bennutt's Brunch of the Susquehanna R. and on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 18 mis. VV. of Renovo. Rouiad Knob, p. o. in Putnam co., W. Va. Round Lake, p. o. in Jackson co., Minn. Round I^ake, p. o. in Saratoga CO., N. Y. Rounjd I^ake, p. o. in Gonzales Co., Tex. Roun'd Mountain, p. o. in Shasta co., Cal. Round Mountain, p. o. in Blanco co., Tex. Round Oak, p. o. in Caroline co., Va. Round Point, p. o. in Van Buren co., Ark. Round Pond, p. v. in Lincoln co.. Me., 19 mis. from Wi.scasset. Round Prairie, tn. in Benton co., Ark. Pop., 3,443. Round Prairie, tn. in Jefferson co., Iowa. Pop., I,08i5. Round Prairie, tn. in Todd co., Minn. Pop., 20:>. Round Prairie, p. o. in the above tn. Round Prairie, p. o. in Vernon co., Mo Round Prairie, tn. in Callaway co.. Mo. Pop., 1,211. Round Rock, p. v. in Williamson co., Tex., d]4 nils, from Georgetown. Round Top, p. o. in Tioga co.. Pa. Round Top, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. Round Top, p. v. in Fayette co., Tex., 16 mis. from La Grange. ♦Rouse's Point, p. v. in Clinton co., N. Y., at the head of Lake Champlain, on the West Di- vision of the Vermont Central R. R., at S. ter- minus of Rouse's Point and Manstleld Line of Grand Trunk R. R., 23 mis. N. W. of St. Al- ban'.s, Vt. The railroads here cross the lake by means of a floating bridge 5,000 feet long. Pop., 1,226. ♦Rouseville, p. v. in Venango co., Pa., on Oil Creek and Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., 4 mis. N. of Oil City. Interested in the pro- duction of petroleum. Pop. about 1,500. One newspaper. Rousseau, p. o. in Marion co., Iowa. Rover, tn. in Yell co., Ark. Pop., 394. Rover, p. o. in the above tn. Rover, j). o. in Bedford co., Tenn. Rowan, co. in Ky., N. E. part. Area over 500 sq. mis. l^op., 2,991 ; in 1800,2,282. The western boundary is formed by Licking R., whose tributaries, Tripletts Cr. and others, drain it. The surface is uneven and hilly and a large portion of the co. is covered with forests. Morehead is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,786 bush.; rye, 698 bush.; In- dian-corn, 112,040 bush.; oats, 15,950 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,618 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,6(i7 bush.; butter, 56,275 lbs.; hay, 552 tons. Cash vatue of farms, $329,165. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $174,850. Value of manufactures, *1 1,737. Rowan, co. in N. C. W. central part. Area about 700 sq. mis. Pop., 16,810; in 1800, 14,589. The Yadkin R. forms the entire north-eastern boundary and drains the co. with several small tributaries. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. Two branches of the North Carolina R. R. intersect the co. Salis- bury is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 126,753 bush.; rye, 1..536 bush.; Indian, corn, 289,400 bush.; oats, 119,132 l)ush.; Irish pot's, 10,263 bush ; sweet pot's, 8,748 bush.; to- bacco, .^,810 lbs.; butter, 70,104 lbs.; hay, 4,142 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,408,361. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $822,346. Value of manufactures, $3.58,399. Rowan Mills, p. o. in the above co. Rowanty, in. in Dinwiddle co., Va. Pop., 3,274. Rowanty Creek, a tributary of the Notta way R., in Dinwiddle and Sussex cos., Va.; has a south-easterly course. Rowayton, p. v. in Fairfield co., Conn., on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 6J^ mis. E. of Stamford. Rowe, p. o. in Livingston co.. 111. Rowe, tn. in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 581, Rowe, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. E. of Iloosac Tunnel and 4 mis. N. of Zoar. Roweua, p. o. in Baj"^ co., Mich. Rowes, p. o. in Crawford co.. Wis. Rowes Pump, p. o. in Orangebui'gh district, Rowland, p. o. in Isabella co., Mich. Rowland, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Rowland, p. v. in Pike co., Pa., on the Dela- ware & Hudson Canal and the Honesdale Branch of the Erie R. R. Rowland Mills, p. o. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Rowlandsville, p. v. in Cecil co., Md;, on the Philadelphia & Baltimore Central R. B., 5 mis. N. of Port Deposit. Rowlesburg^li, p. v. in Preston co., W. Va., on Cheat R. and on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 11 mis. W. of Portland. Rowletta, p. v. in Pettis co.. Mo., 16 mis. N. W. of Sedalia and 7 mis. N. of Lamonte. Rowlett's Depot, p. o. in Hart co., Ky. Rowley, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 1,157. Rowley, p. v. in the above tn., near the East- ern R. R., 4 mis. N. W. of Ipswich. Rows, p. V. in Ashland co., Ohio, 9 mis. from Ashland. Rowzerville, p. o. in Franklin co.. Pa. Roxabell, p. o. in Ross co.,Ohio, on the Mari- etta & Cincinnati R. R., 13 mis. W. of ChilU- cothe. Roxalana, p. o. in Roane co., W. Va. Roxana, p. o. in Sussex CO., Del. Roxana, tn. in Eaton co., Mich. Pop., 1,144. Roxana, p. o. in the above tn. Roxanna, p. o. in Paulding co., Ga. ^Roxborougli, p. v. and the co. seat of Person CO., N. C, near the source of the Neuse R., 30 mis. from Hillsborough. Roxbury, tn. in Litchfleld co.. Conn. Pop., 919. Roxbury, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from New Milford. Roxbury, p. o, in McPherson co., Kans. Roxbury, tn. in O.xford co., Me. Pop., 162. Roxbury, p. o. in the above tn. Koxbury, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 174. Roxbury, tn. in Morris co., N. J. Pop., 3,329. Roxbury, tn. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop., 2,188. Roxbury, p. v. in the above tn., 30 mis. from Middleburgh. Roxbury, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Roxbury, p. v. in Franklin co., Pa., 13 mis. from Shippensburgh. Roxbury, tn.in Washington CO., Vt. Pop., 916. Roxbury, p. v. in the above tn., ou the Central ROXBURY. 777 RUSH. Division of the Vermont Central K, R., 1454 mis. N. of West Randolph. Itoxbnry, tn. in Dane CO., Wis. Pop., 1,207. Boxbury, p. o. in tlio above tn. Roxbiiry Mills, p. o. in Howard co., Md. Roxobel, p. V. in Bertie co., N. C, 25 mis. from Seaboard. Roxtoii, p. o. in Lamar co.. Tex. Royal, tn. in White CO., Ark. Pop., 732. Royal Centre, p. v. in Cass co., Ind., on the Indianapolis & Chicago Division of the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 11 mis. N. W. of Logansport. Pop., 306. Royal Oak, p. v. in TalDot co., Md., 8 mis. W. of Easton. Royal Oak, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop., l,5-.'0. Royal Oak, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the De- troit & Milwaukee R. R., 13 mis. N. W. of Detroit. Royal Oak, p. v. in Paulding co., Ohio, on the Miami & Erie Canal, 16 mis. from Deflance. Royal Ridge, p. o. in Sioux cor, Iowa. Royalston, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,351. Royalston, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. of South Royalston on the Massachusetts & Ver- mont R. R. Royaltou, p. o. in Boone co., Ind. Royalton, p. o. in Russell co., Ky. Royalton, tn. in Berrien CO., Mich. Pop., 1,040. Royalton, tn. in Niagara co., N. Y. Pop., 4,726. Royalton, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. S. of Gasport. Royalton, p. v. in Faii-fleld co., Ohio, 6 mis. from Amanda. Pop., 158. Royalton, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Pop., 1,089. Royalton, tn. in Fulton co., Ohio. Pop., 871. Royalton, p. o. in Crawford co., Pa. Royalton, tn. in Windsor Co., Vt. Pop., 1,679. Royalton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cen- tral Division of the Vermont Central R. R., I614 mis. N. W. of White River Junction. Royalton, tn. in Waupaca co.. Wis. Pop., 953. Royalton, p. v. in the above tn., on Wolf R., 614 T-TO-i>i- W. of New London. Royer's Ford, p. o. in the v. of Royer's Bridge, in Montgomery co., Pa., on the Schuyl- kill Navigation Canal and the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., i^ mis. N. of Phoenixville. Royerton, p. o. in Delaware co., Ind. Roysfield, p. o. in Somerset co., N. J. Rozetta, p. v. in Henderson co., ill., 5 mis. from Oquawha. Rnbens, p. o, in Jewell co., Kans. Rubicon, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 746. Rubicon, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 1,995. Rubicon, p. v. in the above tn., on the North- ern Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 11 mis. S. E. of Horicon. Ruby, p. V. in St. Clair co., Mich., bn Black R., 12 rals. N. W. of Port Huron. Ruby mountains, a range in Lander co., Nev., between Ruby and Long valleys. Ruby Valley, p. v. in Elko co., Nev., 40 mis. S. of Elko. Pop., 153. Ruckersville, p. o. in Elbert co., Ga. Ruckersville, p. o. in Union co.. Miss. Ruckersville, p. v. in Green co., Va., 13>^mls. N. W. of Gordonsville. Ruckerville, p. o. in Clark co., Ky. Rncksvllle, p. o. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Rndd, p. V. in Floyd co., Iowa, on the Red Cedar R. and the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R., b% mis. N. of Charles City. Rnddell, tn. in Independence co.. Ark. Pop., 1,656. Rnddel's 91111s, p. v. in Bourbon co., Ky., 2 mis. from Shawhan. Rndd's Mills, p. o. in Monroe co., Wis. Rndolpb, tn. in Wood co., Wis. Pop., 317. Rudolpb, p. o. in La Sueur co., Minn. Ruff €reek, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Baffin, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. C. Rugg-Ies, tn. in Ashland co., Ohio. Pop., IfiS. Rug^g^les, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. from New London. Rnlo, tn. in Richardson co., Nebr. Pop., 1,326. *Rulo. p. V. in the above tn., on the Missouri R. and the Atchison & Nebraska R. R., 47 mis. from Atchison ; is a thriving place, with con- siderable local trade. Pop., 611. Ruma, p. V. in Randolph co., 111., 6 mis. N. W. of Evansville. Bnmford, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 1,212. Buuiford, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Bryant's Pond. Buihford Centre, p. v. in Oxford co., Me., 13 mis. from Bryant's Pond. Bnmford Point, p. v. in Oxford co., Me., 11 mis. from Bryant's Pond. Buinley, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 1,158. Bummerfield Creek, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., on the Susquehanna R. and the Pennsyl- vania & New York Canal and R. U. Co.'s Line, 43 mis. N. AV. of Tunkhannock. Pop. about 50. Rninney, tn. in Grafton co., N. II. Pop., 1,165. *Rumney, p. v. in the above tn., on the Bos- ton, Concord & Montreal R. R., 1% mis. N. W. of Plymouth. Runmey Depot, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. Runiphtown, p. o. in Colleton district. S. C. Ruinscy, p. v. in McLean co., Ky., on Green R., opposite Calhoun. Pop., 216. Rundell's, p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa. Running Creek, p. o. in Douglas co., Colo. Ter. Rupert, p. v. in Columbia co., Pa., on the Sus- quehanna R., the Wyoming Valley Canal, the Lackawanna & Bloomsburgh R. R. and Cata- wissa R. R., i^A mis. S. of Bloomsburgh. Bnpert, tn. in Bennington co., Vl. Pop., 1,017. *Rupert, p. V. in the aljove tn., on the Rutland & Washington Branch of the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 9 mis. N. E. of Salem, N. Y. Rural, tn. in Shelby co.. 111. Pop., 909. Rural, p. o. in Rock Island co., HI. Rural, p. o. in Linn co., Iowa. Rural, p. o. in Jefferson CO., Kans. Rural, p. V. in Waupaca co.. Wis., 5}4 mis. from Waupacca. Rural Dale, p. o. in Grundy co.. Mo. Rural Dale, p. o. in the v. of Rockdale, in Muskingum co., Ohio, 17 mis. S. E. of Zanea- ville. Rural Dale, p. o. in Upshur co., W. Va. Rural Orove, p. o. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Rural Hill, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., 10 mis. from Pierrepont Manor. Rural Hill, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. Rural Retreat, p. o. in Coles co., 111. Rural Retreat, p. v. in Wythe co., Va., on the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 13 mis. 8. W. of Wytheville. Rural Ridge, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Rural Shade, p. o. in Navarro co., Tex. Rural Vale, p. o. in Lapeer co., Jlich. Rural Valley, p. v. in Armstrong co.. Pa., 12 mis. E. of Kitlanning. Ruscumb Alanor, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 1,408. Rush, tn. in Jo Daviess co.. 111. Pop., 1,036. Rush, p. o. in the above tn. Rush, CO. in Ind., E. central pai-t. Area, 410 sq. mis. Pop., 17,621 ; in 1860, 16,193. The surface is rolling and mostly over 600 feet high. The White R. and Flat Rock Cr. are the principal streams. The Cincinnati & Indianapolis Junc- tion R. R. intersects the Madison & Indianap- olis R. R. at Rushville, the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 667,027 bush,; rye, 211 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,333,421 bush.; oats, 69,236 bush.; Irish pot's, 58,3.59 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,359 bush.; butter, 389,557 lbs. ; hay, 11,038 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,939,663. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,214,472. Value of manufactures, $544,499. RUSH. 778 RUSSELL. Rash, new co. in Kans., W, central part. Area, 7'20 sq. mis. The co. consists chiefly of unduhitinpf prairies; has a prorluctive soil, and is drained by Walnut Cr. and other trib- utaries of the Arkansas II. Rnsta, tn. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop., 683. Rnsli, tn. in Buchanan co., Mo. Pop., 1,629. Rush, tn. in Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 1,6*1. Rush, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Hone- oye Falls. Rush, tn. m Scioto co., Ohio. Pop., 6.3S. Rush, tn. in Tuscarawas CO., Ohio. Pop., 977. Rush, p. o. in the above tn. Rush, tn. in Susquehanna co , Pa. Pop., 1,718. Rush, p. V. in the above tn., 16V< mis. N. E. of \V\ alusing and 10 mis. \V. of Montrose. Rush, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 2,291. Rush, tn. in Northumberland co., Pa. Pop., 1,3-24. Rush, tu. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 105. Rush, tn. in Centre co., Pa. Pop., 1,9(!3. Rush I'ity, p. o. in Chisago Co., Minn. Rush Creels, tn. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Pop., 1,752. Rush Creek, p. o. in Union co., Ohio. Rush Creek., tn. in Logan co., Ohio. Pop., 2,011. Rush Creek Valley, p. o. in Washington co., Ind. Rusheba, tn. in Chisago co., Minn. Pop., 70G, Rushford, tn. in Fillmore co., Minn. Pop., 1,973. *Rushford, p. v. in the above tn., at conflu- ence of Root R. and Rush Ci*., and on South- ern Minnesota R. R., 31 mis. W. of La Crosse. The water-power of both streams is employed ill manufacturing iron, machinery, woollen goods, flour, wagons and carriages. Pop., 1,213. One newspaper. Rushford, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., l,f)3(). Rushford, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mls.N. of Cuba. It contains several flouring mills. Pop., 513. Rushford, tn. in Winnebago co.. Wis. Pop., 2,019. Rush Four Corners, p. o. in Susquehanna CO., Pa. Rnshingp's Store, p. o. in Lauderdale CO., Mi.ss. Rush liake, tn. in Palo Alto co., Iowa. Pop., 215. Rush L.ake, tn. in Otter Tail co., Minn. Pop., 167. Rush Liake, p. o. in the above tn. Rush I>ake Junction, v. in Winnebago co.. Wis., on Northern Division of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R.,at S. E. terminus of IJcrlin Branch, 8 mis. S. E. of Berlin. The p. o. is Nepeuskun. Rush River, p. o. in Sibley co., Minn. Rush River, tn. in St. Croix co.. Wis. Pop., 51H. Rush Run, p. v. in JelTerson co., Ohio, on the Ohio R. and the River Division of the Cleve- land & Pittsburgh R. R., 10^ mis. S. of Steu- benville. Rnshsylvanla, p. v. in Logan co., Ohio, on the Indiana Division of the Cleveland, Colum- bus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 8% mis. N. E. of Bcllefontaine. Pop., 310. Rash Tower, p. v. in Jefferson co , Mo., on the Mississippi R., 16 nils. E. of Victoria Station. Rnshtown, p. o. in Northumberland co.. Pa. Rushville, tn. in Schuyler co.. III. Pop., 3,021. *RushvilIe, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, at S. terminus of Buda & Rushville Branch of Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 10 mis. from Beardstown on the Illinois R., and 110 mis. S. S. W. of Buda. Center of a productive grain and fruit region ; has active manufacturing interests. Pop., 1,539. Two newspaiiers. Rushville, tn. in Rush CO., Ina. Pop., 3,327. ^Rushville, p. v. inRushco.,Ind.,and the co. seat, on the First Division of the Cincinnati & Indianapolis Junction R. R. and the Cam. bridge City Branch of the Jetfersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 84 mis. N. W. of Cincinnati and 39 mis. E. S. E. of Indianapolis. Situated in the center of a fertile district and has active produce trade. Pop., 1,696. One newspaper. Rushville, p. v. in Buchanan co.. Mo., on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., ,55 mis. from Kansas City. Pop. about 250. ^Rushville, p. v. in Yates co., N. Y., 10 mis. S. of Canandaigua. Rushville, p. v. in Fairfield co., Ohio, 8 mis. S. W. of Somerset. Pop., 221. Rushville, p. v. in Susquehanna co.. Pa., I234 nils. N. E. of Wyalusing and 14 mis. AV. of Montrose. Rushville, p. o. in Roekingh.am co., Va. Rusk, new co. in Dak. Ter., central part : is bounded on the E. by the Missouri R.,and in- tersected from W. to E. by the Moreau R. The surface is rolling and consists of prairies. Rusk, p. o. in Surrey co., K. C. Rusk, CO. in Tex., N. E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 16,916; in 1860, 15,803. The surface is undulating and the soil highly productive. Sabine R. bounds the co. on the N., and with several small afliuents drains the northern part. The southern part is drainerl by the branches of the Angelina R. Henderson is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 988 bush.; rye, 208 bush.; Indian-corn, 347,561 bush.: oats, 6.9.56 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,487 bush.; sweet pot's, 73,3,56 bush.; cotton, 12,7.52 bales ; butter, 108,301 lbs. Cash value of farms, $.562,- 829. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,5.55,718. Value of manufactnres, $57,195. Rusk, p. v. and the co. seat of Cherokee co., Tex., 120 mis. N. of Houston and 125 mis. S, W. of Shreveport, La. Pop., 545. One news- paper. Rusk, p. o. in Dunn co., Wis. Russell, CO. in Ala., E. part. Area, 650 sq. mis. Pop., 21,636; in 1860, 26, .592. It borders in the E. on the Chattahoochie R., which separates it from Ga., and receives the Big Uchee Cr. and other small afliuents. The surface Is undu- lating, and contains productive tracts as well as sandy ridges and barren plains. Scale's Sta- tion is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 860 bush.; rye, 3.55 bush.; Indian-corn, 272,221 bush.; oats, 26,770 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,266 bush.; sweet pot's, .52,146 bush.; cotton, 20,796 bales; butter, 18,975 lbs.; hay, 90 tons. Cash value of farms, §1,721,442. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $2,236,179. Value of manu- factures, $191, .307. Russell, tit. in Lawrence co.. 111. Pop., 1,181. Russell, tn. in Putnam co., Ind. Pop., 1,246. Russell, p. V. in Lucas co., Iowa, on the Bur- lington &, Missouri River R. R., 8 mis. E. of Chariton. Pop., 17.5. Russell, CO. in Kans., central part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 156. The surface is generally level and the soil good and well watered by Smoky Hill Fork, Saline H. and other tribu- taries of the Kansas R. The Kansas Pacific R. R. passes through the co. Russell is the co. seat. ^-Russell, p. V. and the co. seat of the above CO., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 38 mis. W. of Ellsworth. Russell, CO. in Ky., S. part. Area, 244 sq. nils. Pop., 5,809 ; in 1860, 6,024. The surface is hillv ; the soil modei-ately productive. It is partly bounded on the S. by the Cumberland R., which also intersects the southern part, and di'ains it with several small affluents. James- town is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 13,027 bush.; rye. 215 bush.; Indian-corn, 22'1,262 bush.; oats, 43,431 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,430 RUSSELL. 779 EUTLAND. bush.; sweet pot's, (5,969 bush.; butter, 66,410 lbs.; bay, 243 tons. Cash value of farms, $531,- 009. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $'269,889. Value of manufactures, $32,295. Russell, p. o. in Greenup co., Ky. Russell, tn. in Hampden CO., Mass. Pop., 635. Russell, p. V. in the above tn., on the VVest- tiekl B. and the Boston & Albany R. K., 17^ mis. N. W. of Springfield. Russell, tn. in Camden co., Mo. Pop., 1,141. Russell, tn. in iSlacon co.. Mo. Pop., 1,658. Russell, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y, Pop., 2,688. Russell, p. V. in the above tn., on Grass R., 10 mis. S. E. of East De Kalb. Pop., 335. Russell, tn. in Geauga co., Ohio. Pop., 805. Russell, p. o. in the above tn. Russell, CO. in Va., S. W. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 11,103 ; in 1860, 10,280. It is bounded on the S. by the Clinch Mt., and in- tersected by Copper Ridge and other ranges of liills. The Clinch U. flows througli the co. from K. N. E. to W. S. W. The valleys have a productive soil. Lebanon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 40,985 bush.; rye, 9,443 bush.; Indian-corn, 205,968 busli.; oats, 56,216 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,983bush.; sweet pot's, 1,259 bush.; tobacco, 17,282 lbs.; butter, 124,631 lbs.; hay, 1,898 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,- 662,746. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $tl0,249. Value ot manufactures, $54,937. Russell, tn. in Slieboygan co.. Wis. Pop., 623. Russell Hill, p. o. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Russell Place, p. o. in Kershaw district, S. C. Russellsburg'h, p. v. in Warren co.. Pa., on Conewango Cr., 8 mis. N. of Warren. Russell''s Grove, p. o. in Hamilton co.,Iowa. Russell's Hill, p. o. in Shannon co., Mo. Russell's Mills, p. o. in Parlic CO., Ind. Russell's Mills, p. o. in Iron co.. Mo. Russell's Place, p. o. In Lawrence co., Ohio. Russell's Station, p. v. in Higliland co., Ohio, on the Blanchester & Hillsborough Branch of the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 15 mis. E. S. E. of Blanchester. t Russellville, p. v. and the co. seat of Frank- lin CO., Ala., on Cedar Cr.,17uils. fi'om Tus- cumbia. Pop., 180. Russellville, p. v. in Pope co., Ark., on the Little Rock & Port Smith R. R., 65 mis. N. W. of Little Rock. Engaged in manufacturing. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. Russellville, p. v. in Monroe co., Ga., 24 mis. VV. of Macon. Russellville, p. v. in Lawrence co., 111., on the Wabash R., 10 mis. N. of Vincennes, Ind. Russellville, p. v. in Putnam co., Ind., 13 mis. W. S. W. of Ladoga. •Russellville, p. v. and the co. seat of Logan CO., Ky., on the Louisville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 143 mis. S. by VV. of Louisville and 30 mis. S. AV. of BowlingGreen. Shipping point for surrounding agricultural region. Pop., 1,843. One newspaper. Russellville, p. v. in Cole co.. Mo., 14 mis. W. S. W. of Jefferson City. Russellville, p. v. in Brown co., Oliio, 7 mis. from Georgetown. Pop., 359. Russellville, p. v. in Cliester co.. Pa., 5 mis. from Oxford. Russellville, p. v. in Hamblen eo., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., 50 mis. S. W. of Jonesboro. Russelville, p. o. in Fayette eo., W. Va. Russia, tn. in Herkimer co., N. i . Pop., 2,220. Russia, p. V. in the above tn., 514 mis. from Trenton Falls. Russia, p. o. in Shelby co., Ohio. Russia, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., 4,207. Russian River, tn. in Sonoma co., Cal. Pop., 987. Russiaville, p. v. in Howard co., Ind., 8 mis. from Fairlield. Pop., 160. Rntan, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Rutersville, ji. v. in Fayette co., Tex., 7 01I3. from La Grange. Ruth, p. o. in Texas co.. Mo. Rutherford, p. o. in Napa CO., Cal. Rutherford, tn. in Martin CO., Ind. Pop., 1,030. Rutherford, co. in N. C, S. W. part. Area, 530 sq. mis. Pop., 13,121 ; in 1860, 11,573. The northern and western parts of this co. are mountainous ; the remainder is rolling and hilly. Broad R. intersects it, and here i-e- ceives several small affluents. The Wilming- ton, Charlotte & Rutherford R. R. intersects the eo. Rutherfordton is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 24,405 bush.; rye, .5,459 bush.; Indian-corn, 272,485 bush.; oats, 39,678 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,087 bnsli.; sweet pot's, 26,474 bush.; tobacco, 13,119 lbs.; butter, 77,609 lbs.; hay, 44 tons. Cash value of farms, $760,471. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $580,- 582. Value of manufactures, $122,747. Rutherford, co. in Tenn., central part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 33,289; in 1860, 27,918. The surface is undulating ; tlie soil remarkably productive. It is well watered by Stone's R. and other allluents of the Cumberland. The Nashville & Chattanooga R. R, passes through the CO. from N. W. to S. E. Murfreesboro is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 194,745 bush., rye, 13,746 bush.; Indian- corn, 867,443 bush.; oats, 63,514 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,141 bush.; sweet pot's, 24,299 bush.; cotton, 8,412 bales; butter, 291,844 lbs.; hay, 2,490 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,153,110. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,260,- 874. Value of manufactures, $790,370. Rutherford l>epot, p. v. in Gibson co., Tenn., on Rutherford Fork of tlie Obion R. and the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 10 mis. N. of Trenton. Rutherford Park, p. v. in Bergen co., N. J., on the Erie R. R., 8 mis. from Jersey City. It is also near the Boonton Branch of the Morris & Essex R. R. ^Rutherfordton, p. v. and the co. seat of Rutherford eo., N. C, near Broad R. and on the proposed route of the Wilmington, Char- lotte & Kutherford R. R., 66 mis. VV. of Char- lotte. Center of an agricultural and mining region. Pop., 479. Two newspapers. Ruther Glen, p. o. in the v. of Chesterfield, in Caroline co., Va., on the Riclimond, Fred erieksburgli & Potomac R. R. Rutland, tn. in Kane co.. 111. Pop., 960. Rutland, tn. in La Salle co., 111. Pop., 1,499. Rutland, or New Rutland, v. in the above tn. (See New Rutland.) Rutland, tn. in Humboldt co., Iowa. Pop., 422. Rutland, p. o. in the above tn. Rutland, tn. in Montgomery co., Kans. Pop., 485. Rutland, p. o. in Harrison eo., Ky. Rutland, p. o. in the v. of Governor's Bridge, in Anne Arundel co., Md., S mis. S. of Water- bury. Rutland, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,024. Rutland, p. v. in tlie above tn., 12 mis. from. VVorcester. Rutland, tn. in Barry co., Midi. Pop., 1,156. Rutland, tn. in Martin co., Minn. Pop., 196. Rutland, p. o. in the above tn. Rutland, tn. in Jelferson co., N. Y. Pop., 1,903. Rutland, p. v. in tlie above tn., 5J^ mis. from Watertown. Rutland, tn. in Meigs CO., Ohio. Pop., 2,471. Rutland, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Pomeroy. Rutland, tn. in Tioga eo.. Pa. Pop., 1,157. Rutland, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. E. of Tioga. RUTLAND. 780 RYNEX'S CORNERS. Rutland, co. In Vt., S. "W. central part. Area .about 950 sq. mis. Pop., 40,651 ; In 1860, 35,946. It is bounded on the W. by Lake Champlain and Poultney R. Otter Cr. and its tributaries drain it. The E. part is occupied by tlie Green Mts. Tlie Rutland Division of Vermont Cen- tral R. R., the Harlem Extension R. R. and Rutland & Washington Division of the Rens- selaer & Saratoga R. R. pass through the CO. Rutland is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 23,192 bush.; rye, 7,939 bush.; Inilian-corn, 180,780 bush.; oats, 246,092 bush.; Irish pot's, 617,094 busli.; wool, 425,216 lbs.; butter, 1,1<)0,645 lbs.; hay, 110,624 tons. Casli value of farms, $14,281,.525. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $3,458,102. Value of manufactures, $3,714,795. Rutland, tn. in the above co. Pop., 9,834. ^Rutland, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Otter Cr. and the Rutland Division of the Vermont Central R. R.,at N. terminus of Harlem Extension R. R. and W. terminus of Rutland & Washington Division of the Rens- selaer & Saratoga R. R., .53 mis. N. N. W. of Bellows Falls and 67 mis. S. by E. of Burling- ton. The city contains many handsome dwell- ings and stores ; is the seat of an academy and center of an active trade. It has numer- ous important manufactories and marble quarries and works. Its surroundings are picturesque, embracing many attractions of the Gi-een Mts., as Shrewsbury pic, Killing- ton pk., Pico pk., and Clarendon Springs. Pop., inclusive of tn., 9,834, being the second city in size in the state. Five newspapers. Rutland, tn. in Dane CO., Wis. Pop., 1,139. Rutland, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Brooklyn. Rutledge, p. v. and the co. scat of Crenshaw CO., Ala., on the Patsaliga R., 50 mis. S. of Montgomery. Rutledgpe, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ark. Rntledg^e, p. v. in Morgan co., Ga., on the Georgia R. R., 29 mis. from Greensborough. Pop., -235. Rutlcdge, tn. in De Witt co., 111. Pop., 664. Rutledg'e, p. v. and the co. seat of Granger CO., Tenn., 8 mis. from Mossy Creek. Pop., 107. Ryado, p. o. in Colfax co., N. Mex. Ter. Ryan, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 600. Ryan, p. o. in Kewaunee co.. Wis, Ryan's Creek, p. o. in Winston CO., Ala. Rye, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 993. Rye, p. V. in the above tn., 5}^ mis. from Ports- mouth. Rye, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 7,150. Rye^ P- V. in the above tn., on the Kew York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 25 mis. E. of New York. Rye, tn; in Perry co., Pa. Pop., 703. Rye t'ove, p. o. in Scott co., Va. Ryegate, tn. in Caledonia co., Vt. Pop., 935. Ryegate, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. W. of the Station on the Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers R. R., and 7 mis. N. W. of Wells River Junction. Rye Patch, p. o. in Humboldt co., Nev. Ryerson's, v. in Passaic co., N. J. Ryerson's Station, p. v. in Greene co.. Pa., 7 mis. N. E. of Cameron, W. Va., on the Balti- more & Ohio R. R. Rye Valley, p. o. in Baker co., Greg. Rye Valley, p. o. in Smyth co., Va. Ryland's Depot, p. o. in Greeneville co., Va, Ry near, p. o. in i ountain co., Ind. Byuex's Corners, p. o. in Schenectady co., T SABATUS. 781 SACRAMENTO. S. Sabatns, p. o. in the v. of Sabatusville, in An- droscoggin CO., Me., on the Androscoggin R, 11., 4 mis. N. of Crowley's or Soutli Lewiston. Sabbath Rest, p. o. in the v. of Elizabeth Furnace, in Blair CO., Pa., on the Pennsylva- nia R. R., i% mis. N. N. E. of Altoona. Sabbot Island, p. o. in Goochland co., Va. *!^abetha, p. v. in Nemaha co., Kans., on the St. Joseph & Denver City R. R , 18 mis. from Hiawatha. Pop. about 350. Sabillasville, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., the present W. terminus of Western Maryland li. il., 02 mis. from Baltimore. Pop. about 100. Sabina, p. v. in Clinton co., Ohio, on the Cin- cinnati & Muskingum Valley R. K., 11 mis. W. of Washington. 8abinal, p. o. in Uvalde co., Tex. Sabine, p. o. in Marion co., Ind. Sabine, a parish in La., \V. part. Pop., 6,45S ; in 1860, 5,828. It is bounded on the W. by Sabine R., and watered by San Miguel and Toreau bayous. The surface is level and con- sists principally of prairie land. Manny is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : In- dian-corn, 74, .520 bush.; Irish pot's, 56 bush.; Bweet pot's, 15,032 bush.; cotton, 2,300 bales. Cash value of farms, $223,805. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .|264,270. Value ot manufactures, $15,850. Sabine, co. in Tex., E. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 3,256; in 1860, 2,750. The sur- face is mostly level ; the soil very fertile. It is separated from La. on the E. by Sabine R., and also watered by Patroon Bayou, Palo Gacho Cr. and Houston Cr. Hemphill is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wh(?at, 161 bush.; rye, 15 bush.; Indian-corn, 86,639 bush.; oats, 183 bush.; Irish pot's, 235 bush.; sweet pot's, 19,680 bush.; cotton, 1,722 bales ; butter, 13,80211.8. Cash value ot farms, $136,000. Total, estimated, value of all tarni productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $267,058. Value of manufactures, $31,518. Sabine Bay, au extension of the Gulf of Mex- ico, between La. and Tex. Its outlet into the Gulf is called Sabine Pass. Sabine Pass, p. v. in .Jefferson co., Tex., on Sabine Bay and Pass, 28 mis. S. of Beaumont, the CO. seat, and 75 mis. N. E. of Galveston. Pop., 47.5. One newspaper. Sabine River, a tributary of the Ohio R. in Southern 111.; is formed by the confluence of the North and South Forks, and intersects Gallatin co. Sabine River rises in Hunt co., Tex.; flows S. E. through the state until it reaches the in- tersection of the 32d parallel with the 94th meridian, whence it flows S. and forms the boundary between La. and Tex. It empties into Sabine B. Its largest tributary is the Neches R. Sabinetown, p. o. in Sabine co., Tex. Sabinsville, p. v. in Tioga co.. Pa., 22 mis. W. of Tioga and 4 mis. S. of Westfield. Sable, tn. in Iosco co., Mich. Pop., 842. <^Sabula, p. v. in Jackson co., Iowa, on the Mississippi R., Chicago, Clinton & Dubuque R. R. and Sabula, Ackley & Dakota R. R., 58 m.ls. S. l2. of Dubuque, and connected with Savanna on Western Union R. R. by a ferry. Pop., 920. One newspaper. Sabula, p. o. in Clearfleld co., Fa. Sac, CO. in Iowa, W. part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., 1,411 ; in 1860, 246. The surface is rolling and has a fertile soil. It is drained by Boyer R., an affluent of the Missouri, and Coon R,, an affluent of the Des Moines. Sac Cityis the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 37,090 bush.; rye, 20 bush.; Indian-corn, 42,667 bush.; oats, 38,831 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,770 bush.; wool, 2,584 lbs.; butter, 30,120 lbs.; hay, 10 tons. Cash value of farms, $429,933. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $160,981. Value of man- ufactures, $31,256. Sac, tn. in Sac co., Iowa. Pop., 584. Sacaton, p. o. in Yuma CO., Ariz. Tcr. Sackett, tn. in Sangamon co., 111. Pop., 698. Saccarappa, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., on the PorLland & Rochester R. R., 6 mis. N. W, of Portland. Pop. about 900. Sac City, p. v. and the co. seat of Sac co., Iowa, on Coon li., 45 mis. W. by S. of Fort Dodge. Has fine water-power and good agricultural surroundings. Pop., 156. One newspaper. *Sacl£et's Harbor, p. v. in Jetl'erson co., N. Y., on Black River B. and Lake Ontario, 10 mis. from Watertown. Has the best harbor on the lake, and is an important commercial depot. Pop., 712. Saco, tn. in York CO., Me. Pop., .5,755. *Saco, p. V. in the above tn. anil port of entry, on the Portland, Saco & Portsmouth R. R., 13 mis. S. W. of Portland, and on Saco R. (oppo- site Biddeford), 6 mis. from its mouth. There is a fall of 42 feet in the river, furnishing ex- cellent water-power, which is extensively used both here and at Biddeford by saw mills, cotton mills and other manufactories. It has also large shippmg interests and coast trade, and the locality is a favorite summer resort. Sacondaga River, a tributary of the Hudson R., in N. Y.; rises in Hamilton co. and flows through Fulton and Saratoga cos. Saco River rises in the White Mts. of Coca CO., N. H., flows through Oxford co.. Me., and empties into the ocean in Y'ork co. It is 95 mis. long, drains au area of 1,400 sq. mis., and as it has considerable slope and several falls, it affords much water-power. The principal falls ai-e the Great Falls, 72 feet high, and Saco Falls, near the v. of Saco, 42 feet high. The principal tributaries are the Great and Little Ossipee Rs., which empty into it from the S., and the Upper Kezar and Great Cold Rs., which empty into it from the N. Sacramento, co. in Cal., central part. Area, 1,080 sq. mis. Pop., 26,830; in 1860, 24,142. It derives its name from Sacramento R., which flows through it and forms part of the W. boundary. The surface is level, with the ex- ception of a strip of 6 or 8 mis. in width on the eastern side, which rises into low ridges and roiling prairies. Stretching along the Sacramento R. is a belt of tule-land, and next to this a strip of rich alluvial soil. The growth of timber is confined to the flats and banks of the streams, and consists mostly of oak, sycamore and cottonwood. The co. is drained by the Sacramento and its tribu- taries, the Yuba, Cosunines and Mokelumne Rs. Agriculture is the chief pursuit. Gold, is mined along the eastern border. The Cen- tral Pacific R. R. passes through the co. SACRAMENTO. 782 SAGINAW. Sacramento Is the co. scat. Agr. productions In 1870: Wheat, l'>6,135 bnsh.; rye, 2,100 bush.; Indian-corn, 62,280 bush.; oats, 10,910 busli.; Irish pot's, 72,0!J5 bush.; sweet pot's, 148,920 bush.; wool, 515,213 lbs.; butter, 439,S35 lbs.; hay, 21,827 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,052,- IGO. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,674,16',). Value of manufactures, $:i,964,616. 'Sacramento, city, co. seat of above co., and capital of the slate; on Sacramento R. 1 nUe. from its confluence with American 11., and on the Central Pacitic R. R. at the focus of several radiating roads, as tlie Sacramento Valley R. R., California & Oregon R. R. and California Pacific R. R. It is the second largest, and in many respects the most interesting, city in the state. Near it the first discovery of gold was made, and it was foundetl and built by miners ■with reference to their temporary conve- nience, but without any breadth of plan or view to liealth, beauty or comfort. Such, however, was its earlj^ importance as a base of supplies and commercial center, that it withstood several inundations occasioned Ijy the river breaking through treacherous levees, and arose more than once from almost total de- struction to new vigor. The Avhole site has been placed beyond danger by systematically raising it some ten feet above its' former level. It is surrounded by a fine agricultural region, and railroad connections makeittheeenterof a livel.y trade. It is also in water communica- tion via the Sacramento R. with San Fran- cisco and the ocean. The State House is an imposing building. The city has many beau- tiful private and public buildings, churches, schools, etc. Here are located the western shops of the Central Pacific R. R., employing over 1,000 operatives. Its manufacturing in- terests are large, embracing flour, woollen goods, cast-iron, blooms, wagons, beet-root sugar, etc. Pop., 16,283 ; in 1860, 12,772. Seven iiewsi)aper3. Saeramcnto, p. v. in White co., 111., on the f!,|)ringfield & Illinois Southeastern R. R. Sacraii»eiito, p. v. in McLean co., Ky., 10 mis. from Calhoun. Pop., 195. Saciamcnto, p. o. in Wright CO., Mo. Sacramento, ii. o. in Schujikill co.. Pa. Sacramento Kangpe, a mountain chain in Humboldt co., Nev., S. of Humboldt 11., con- taining numt^-ous silver mines. Sacramento River, in Cal.; is formed bj"^ two branches, the Sacramento R. proper and Pitt R. Tlie former is the shortest of the two ; rises S. of Mt. Shasta and has a southerly course. The latter rises on the western de- clivity of Warner's Range in Siskiyou co.; traverses an elevated volcanic plateau, aud has a south-westerly course. Both branches unite in Shasta co. The main stream flows S. through the wide, fertile plains whicli sep- arate the Sierra Nevada and (/'oast Ranges, antl turning \V., empties into the eastern ex- tremitj' of Suisun IJ. The principal tribu- taries rise in the Sierra Nevada. They are the Feather li., which is formed by the North, Middle and South Branches, and i-eceives the "Yuba R.; the American R. and the Molcelumne R., with the Cosumnes R. Sacred Heart, tn. in Renville co., Minn. Pop., 316. Sac River, a tributarj' of the Osage R. in Mo.; rises in Lawi'enco CO., and flowing N. through St. Clair co. empties above Osceola. Sada, p. o. in Stephenson co., 111. Satlawg^a, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 22 mis. from Brattleborougli. Saddle Mountain, a pk. in the Hoosac Mts. of Mass.; is situated in t\ie N. W. corner of Berkshire co.,and has an estimated height above the sea level of 3,.500 feet. Saddle River, a tributary of the Passaic R. in N. J.; intersects Hudson co. Saddle River, tn. in Bergen co., N. J. Pop., 1.168. Saddle River, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. \V. of llohokus. Saddler's Creek, p. o. in Anderson district, s. c. Saddlersville, p. o. in Robertson co., Tenn. Sadoras, tn. in Champaign co., 111. Pop., 1,458. Sadsbury, In. in Crawford CO., Pa. Pop., 1 ,068. Sadsbury, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 1,617. Sadsbury ville, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 2,400. Sadsburyville, p. v. in the above tn,, 4 mis. W. of Coatesville. Sae§:erstown, p. borough in Crawford co., Pa.j on Frencli Cr. and the Atlantic & Great West- ern R. R., 5mls. N. of Meadville ; has excellent water-power and some manufacturing. Pop., 441. Sae^ersvllle, p. v. in Lehigh co., Pa., on Jor- dan Cr., 6 mis. S. W. of Slatington. Safe Harbor, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., on the Susquehanna R., 11 mis. S. W. of Lancas- ter ; has rolling mills and furnaces. SafTord, p. o. in Smith co., Ivans. Sag^adatioc, co. in Me., S. part. Area about 275 sq. mis. Pop., 18,803 ; in 1860, 21,790. It in- cludes the estuary of the Kennebec R. with its numerous islands, and is bounded on the S. partlj^ by the Androscoggin R. The soil is productive. Manufacturing is the principal occupation. Bath is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 1,232 bush.; rye, 42Sbusli.; Indian-corn, 18,225 bush.; oats, 15,849 bush.; Irish pot's, 103,928 bush.; butter, 264,862 lbs.; hay, 25,060 tons. Cash value 'of farms, $2,760,001. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $752,504. Principal products of uulustry: Sawed lumber, $469,485; ship-building and repairing, $345,500, and cordage and twine, $143,500. Total value of manufacturea, $1,581,- 249. Saganin, V. in Bay CO., Midi. Sag Bridge, p. v. "in Cook co.. 111., on the Dc3 Plaincs R. and the Chicago & Alton R. R., 21 mis. S. W. of Chicago. *St*S'etown, p. V. in Henderson co.. 111., on tho Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. at junc- tion of Mississippi Division of the Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 9 mis. N. IS. of Burlington, Iowa. Pop., 332. Sageviile, v. in Laudenlale co., Miss. Sageville, p. v. and the co. seat of Hamilton CO., N. Y., on Round Lake, 51 mis. N. of Am- sterdam. *Sas Harbor, p. v. in SufTolk co., N. Y., on S. side of Gardiner's B. and on Sag Harbor Branch of th(^ Long Island R. R., 100 mis. K.of New York. Engaged in fisheries and coast commej'ce. Pop., 1,723. Two newspapers. Saginaw, co. in Mich., E. part. Area 700 sq. mis. Pop., 39,097; in 1S60, 12,693. The surface is level and the soil good. The co. is abund- antly watered by a number of rivers, the principal of which are the Saginaw, Titti- bawassee, Flint and Shiawassee. The Saginaw R. is navigable by large steamboats. There are extensive forests in the co., and luml)er- ing is one of the chief branches of industry. The .Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. R., anil the Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. intersect the CO. Saginaw is the co. seat. Agr, productions in 1870: Wheat, 37,255 bush.; rye, 3,090 bu.. of Chicago. Saint Annie, p. o. in Pulaski co., Mo. Saint Ansg^ar, tn. in Mitchell CO., Iowa. Pop., 893. Saint Ansgar, p. v. in the above tn., on Red Cetlur 11. and Iowa Division of Illinois Central R. R., 5 mis. N. N. W. of Mitcliell. Pop., 360. One,newspaper. Saint Anthony, tn. in Hennepin co., Minn. Pop., 236. *Saiut Anthony, city in Hennepin co., Minn., now consolidated with Minneapolis (which see). Its pop. in 1870 was 5,013, and that of Minneapolis 13,066. Saint Armand, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 335. Saint Anbert, v. in Osage co., Mo., on the Alissouri R. and the Atlantic & Pacific R. R., 20 mis. E. of Jefl"ersonville. Pop. about 200. The p. o. is Medora. Saint Aubert, tn. in Callaway co.. Mo. Pop., 1,139. Saint Aubert's, p. o. in the above tn. Saint Aug^usta, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 570. Saint Ang'nsta, p. o. in the above tn. *Saint Aug^ustine, city and co. seat of ?t. John's CO., Fla., on Matanzas R., 37 mis. S. of Jacksonville. One of the earliest settlements of the country, and among the largest cities in the state. Has considerable trade in fruits and the staples of the neighborhood, and is a favorite resort in winter for northern resi- dents. Pop., 1,717. Two newspapers. Saint Augustine, p. v. in Knox co., 111., on the Galesburgh & Quincy Division of the Chi- cago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 15}^ rnls. S. of Ualesburgli. Saint Aug^ustine, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., 9 mis. from Elk ton. Saint Aug'ustine, p. v. in Cambria co.. Pa., .S mis. N. E. of Chest Springs. Saint Benedict, p. o. in Scott co., Minn. Saint Bernard, parish in La., S. E. part. Pop., 3,553 ; in 1860, 4,076. It is bounded on the E. and S. by the Gulf of Mexico, on tlie N. by the Mississippi Sound and Lake Borgne. The surface is level and the soil very productive. Saint Bernard is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 12,775 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,533 bush.; sweet pot's, 32,767 bush.; cotton, 61 bales; rice, 190,480 lbs.; sugar, 686 hhds. Cash value of farms, $438,700. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $183,333. Value of m.anufactures, $115,139. Saint Bernard, p. v. and the co. seat of the above parish, 12 mis. E. S. E. of New Orleans and near Proctorsville. Saint Bernice, p. o. in Vermillion co., Ind. Saint Bethlehem, p. o. in Montgomery co., Tenn. Saint Bonlfacins, p. o. in Hennepin CO., Minn. Saint Bonlfacins, p. o. in Cambria co.. Pa. Saint Bridj^et, p. o. in Marshall co., Kans. Saint Catharine, v. in Liberty co., Ga. Pop., 128. *Saint Catharine, p. v. in Linn co.. Mo., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 30 mis. W. ot Macon. Pop. about 300. Saint Catherine Sound, on the coast of Ga. Saint Charles, p. v. in Arkansas co., Ark., on White R., 35 mis. from White River. • Saint Charles, p. o. in Peublo co., Colo. Ter. Saint Charles, tn. in Kane co., 111. Pop., 2,281. *Saint Charles, p. v. in the above tn., on Fox R. and on F'ox River Branch of the Chicago & Burlington R. R., 3 mis. N. of Geneva, the CO. seat. Has tine water-power and several manufactories. One newspaper. Saint Charles, p. v. in Madison co., Iowa, 25 mis. S. W: of Des Moines and 6 mis. S. of Bev- ington on the Wiiiterset Branch of the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. Saint Charles, tn. in Floyd co., Iowa. Pop., 3,374. Saint Charles, parish in La., S. E. part. It is bounded on the N. by Lake Pontchartrain, on the S. by Lake Washa and on the W. by Lake Des Allemands. The surface is level and the soil mostly productive. Saint Charles is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian- corn, 129,564 bush.; Irish pot's, 890 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,798 bush.; cotton, 207 bales ; rice, 2,238,- 200 lbs.; sugar-, 3,914 hhds. Cash value of farms. SAINT CHARLES. 784 SAINT CLAIESVILLE. $920,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $881,89.1. Value of manufactures, $443,8U. Saint Charles, p. v. and the co. seat of the above pari?ih, on Morgan's Louisiana & Texas R. R., IS mis. W. of Algiers. Saint Cbarles, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,185. Saint Charles, p. v. in the above tn., on the forks of Bad li., which is navigable to this point, and on the Jackson, Lansing & Sagi- naw R. R., 14 mis. S. W. of Saginaw Citj'. Has extensive manufactories of lumber. Pop. about 800. Saint Charles, tn.in Winona co., Minn. Pop., 1,960. *Saint Charles, p. v. in the above tn., on the Winona & St. Peter R. R., 28 mis. W. of Wino- na. Pop., 1,151. One newspaper. Saint Charles, co. in Mo., E. part. Pop., 21,- 304 ; in ISiiO, 1(),523. The CO. occupies the nar- row neck of land between the Missouri and Mississippi Rs., and has in the interior much rolling and uneven surface, while both streams are lined with broad bottom-lands of the richest soil. The Dardenne Or., Peruque Cr. and Tcmme Osage Or. drain the co., which is also Intersected by the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R. Saint Charles is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 760,980 bush.; rye, 3,031 bush.; Indian-corn, 968,- 161 bush.; oats, 278,235 bush.; Irish pot's, 96,716 bush.; sweet pot's, 907 bush.; sugar, 41 hhds.; tobacco, 146,754 lbs.; butter, 158,268 lbs.; hay, 6,382 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,560,516. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 967,370. Value of manufactures, $3,269,840. Saint Charles, tn. in the above co. Pop., 9,049. *Saint Charles, city in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Missouri R. and the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R., which here crosses the river on a splendid bridge 1 rule, long, and costing $2,000,000 ; 45 mis. by river and 20 by rail above St. Louis. One of the oldest cities in the state, being settled in 1762, two yetirs before Laclede settled at St. Louis. The site of the city is elevated and command- ing. It has lirm landings and an extensive river commerce. Several manufactures are cari'ied on and coal veins are worked in the vicinity. Pop., 5,570 ; in 1860, 3,239. Pour news- papers. Saint Charles, p. v. in Cuming co., Nebr., 6 mis. from Oak Springs. Saint Charles, p. o. in Butler co., Ohio. Saint Charles, p. o. and the co. seat of Rich CO., Utah Ter. Saint Clair, co. in Ala., N. E. part. Area about 700 sq. mis. Pop., 9,360; in 1860, 11,013. The Ooosa R. forms the eastern boundary and receives Canoe Cr., Kelley's Cr. and other small affluents. The surface is hilly and large tracts are covered with deciduous forests. The CO. is intersected by the Alabama* Chat- tanooga R. R. Asliville Is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 29,778 bush.; rye, 66bush.; Indian-corn, 157,268 bush.; oats, 7,895 bush.; Irish pot's, 693 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,633 bush.; cotton, 1,244 bales ; butter, 32,677 lbs. Cash value of farms, $401,174. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $391,114. Value of manufactures, $(K),016. Saint Clair, co. in 111., S. W. part. Area, 630 sq. mis. Pop., 51,068; in 1860, 37,695. The sur- face is rolling and the soil produclivo. It is bounded on the N. W. by the Mississippi R., which separates it from Mo., and intei-sipct- ed in tlio S. E. by the Kaskaskia R. Tlie St. Loni.s, Vandalia & Terre Haute R. R., the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., the St. Louis & South- eastern R. R. and the Belleville & Southern Illinois B. R. intersect the co. Belleville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,565,171 busli.; rye, 1,008 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,4-23.121 bush.; oats, 476,851 bush.; Irish pot's, 265,169 bush.: sweet pot's, 6,956 bush.; butter, 336,362 lbs.; hay, 10,438 tons. Cash value of farms, $19,556,277. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,302,620. Value of manufactures, $7,985,410. Saint Clair, p. o. in Monona co., Iowa. Saint Clair, tn. in Benton co., Iowa. Pop., 811. Saint Clair, CO. in Mich., E. part. Area, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 36,661 ; in 1860, 26,604. The sur- face is level ; the soil good and well cultivat- ed. The CO. is bounded on the E. by Lake Huron and Saint Clair Lake and R. Black, Pine and Belle Rs. flow through the co. and empty into Saint Clair R. The Port Huron & Lake Michigan R. R. and the Grand Trunk R. R. intersect the co. Port Huron is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 224,242 bush.; rye, 7.138 bush.; Indian-corn, 102,066 bush.; oats, 368,034 bush.; Irish pot's, 210,848 bush.; wool, 128,020 lbs.; butter, 663,610 lbs.; hay, 39,477 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,915,- 877. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,591,116. Value of manufactures, $1,915,399. Saint Clair, tn. in the above co. Pop., 3,792. *Saint Clair, p. v. in the above tn., on the Saint Clair R., at confluence with Pine R., 14 mis. S. of Port Huron and 50 mis. N. of De- troit. An important manufacturing and shipping point. Pop., 1,790. One newspaper. Saint Clair, co. in Mo., W. part. Pop., 6,742 ; in 1860, 6,812. The surface is undulating and comprises extensive prairies and well timber- ed bottom-lands. The co. is drained by the Osage R. and intersected by the Sedalia Di- vision of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R. Iron and coal have been discovered. Osceola is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 3.5,060 bush.; rye, 177 bush.; Indian- corn, 200,368 bush.; oats, 56,186 bush.; Irish pot's. 9,551 bush.; sweet pot's, IS bush.; tobac- co, 2,400 lbs.; butter, 41,155 Ib.s.; hay, 3,766 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,175,957. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $326,324. Value of manufactures, $72,645. Saint Clair, p. v. in Franklin co., Mo., on the Atlantic & Pacific R. R., 56 mis. from St. Louis. Pop. about 350. Saint Clair, tn. in Butler co., Ohio. Pop., 1.187. Saint Clair, tn. in Columbiana co., Ohio. Pop., 1,1.56. Saint Clair, p. o. in the above tn. Saint Clair, tn. in Bedford co. Pa. Pop., 2,219. ^SaintClair, p. borough in Schuylkill co.. Pa. on the Mahanoy & Broad Mountain Branch, of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 2 mis. N. AV. of Port Carbon. In the vicinity are rich anthracite coal mines. Pop., 5,726. Saint Clair, tu. in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Pop., 777. Saint Clair, tn. in Smith co., Va. Pop., 1,547. Saint Clair I>ake, between Mich, and Cana- da, receives the outlet of Lake Huron, the St. Clair R.,and sends its surplus waters through the Detroit R. to Lake Erie. It has an area of about 360 sq. mis., and an elevation above the sea of 571 feet; i. e., 6 feet more than Lake Erie and 7 feet less than Lake Huron. The average depth is 20 feet. Saint Clair's Itwttom, p. o. in Smyth CO., Va. *Saint Clairsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Belmont CO., Ohio, on the National Road, 8 mis. W. of Bridgeport on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Has agricultural surrounding8 and produce trade. Pop., 1,056. Two news- papers. Saint Clairsville, p. v. in Bedfoiil co.,Pa.,I6 mis. from Mt. Dallas Station on the Hunting- don & Broad Top B. B. Pop., 144. SAINT CLAEA. 785 SAINT GENEVIEVE. Saint Clara, p. o. in Doddridgo oo., W. Va. Saint Clement's Bay, p. o. in St. Mary's co., Md. Saint Cloud, tn. iu Steams co., Minn. Pop., ■2, 7-13. *Saint Cloud, city and co. seat of Stearns co., Minn., on the W. bank of the Mississippi R., whicli is here spanned by a beautiful bridge, and on tlie First Division of St. Paul & Pacific R. R., 80 mis. N. N. W. of St. Paul. Its sur- roundings are agricultural. The site of the city is pleasant. It is the seat of the Third State Normal School. Here are several man- ufactories of flour, lumber, wagons, plows, furniture, etc.; is thecenter of a rapidly grow- ing trade. Pop., 2,1(31. Three newspapers. Saint Cloud, p. o. in the v. of Sylvania, Scott CO., Mo. Saint Cloud, p. o. in Monongalia co., W. Va. Saint Cloud, p. o. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis. Saint Croix, co. in Wis., W. N. W. part. Area, l,'i50 sq. mis. Pop., 11,035 ; in 1860, 5,392. It is separated from Minn, on the W. by St. Croix R., and well drained by many creeks. The surface is covered by pine forests ; the soil is fertile. Hudson is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870-: Wheat, 823,678 busli.; rye, 1,623 bush.; Indian-corn, 42,461 bush.; oats, 447,- 775 bush.; Irisli pot's, 61,972 bush.; sweet pot's, 50 bush.; butter, 229,615 lbs.; hay, 7,058 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,666,305. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,214,620. Value of manufactures, $586,312. Saint Croix Falls, tn. in Polk co., Wis. Pop., 543. Saint Croix Falls, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Croix R., 8 mis. above Osceola Mills. Pop., 288. Saint Croix River, forming part of the boundary between Me. and New Brunswick ; rises in Grand Lake, flows S. S. E. and empties into Passamaquoddy B. It is 75 mis. long. Saint Croix River, a tributary of the Missis- sippi R.; rises in Douglas co.. Wis., intersects the N. W. corner of Burnett co., and flowing S. forms the boundary between Minn, and Wis., and empties near Prescott. It receives Namakagon, Clam, Apple and Kinnikinnic lis. Saint David, p. v. in Fulton co.. 111., on the Buda & Rushville Division of the Chicago, Burlington &Quincy K. R., 5 mis. S. of Canton. Saint Denis, p. o. in the v. of Washington Junction, in Baltimore co., Md., on the main line and the Washington Branch of the Balti- more & Ohio R. R., 1^ mis. S. W. of Baltimore. Saint Deroin, p. v. in Nemaha co., Nebr., on the Missouri R., 13 mis. below Brownville. Saint Donatus, p. v. in Jackson co., Iowa, 2 mis. W. of the Mississippi R. and the Chicago, Clinton & Dubuque R. R., 13 mis. S. S. E. of Dunleith, III. Saint Elmo, p. o.in Mobile co., Ala. *Saint £lmo, p. v. in Fayette co., 111., on the St. Louis, Vandalia & Terre Haute R. R., 13% mis. E. of Vandalia and .5^ mis. N. of Alta- mont. Pop., 273. Saint Elnno, p. o. in Freestone co., Tex. Saint Ferdinand, tn. in St. Louis co., Mo. Pop., 7,214. Saint Francis, co. in Ark., E. part. Area about 875 sq. mis. Pop., 6,714, in 1860, 8,672. The surface is mostly low and level, and the soil very productive. The St. Francis R. forms the eastern boundar5' and is navigable ; the Cache R. forms the western boundary. Bayou Deview and Languille R. traverse the CO. from N. to S. Madison is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 6,639 bush.; Indian-corn, 141,911 bush.; oats, 880 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,440 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,8.10 bush.; cot- ton, 3,757 bales. Cash value of farms, $355,410. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $740,- 120. Value of manufactures, $88,620. 50 Saint Francis, tn. in St. Francis CO., Ark. Pop., 513. Saint Francis, tn. in Crreen co., Ark. Pop., 970. Saint Francis, tn. in Philips co.. Ark. Pop., 5,061. Saint Francis, tn. in Eflinghara co.. 111. Pop., 509. Saint Francis, v. in Brown co., Kans., on the St. Joseph & Denver City R. R.. 29 mis. W. of St. Joseph, Mo. The p. o. is Robinson. Saint Francis, p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me. Saint Francis, tn. in Anoka co., Minn. Pop., 166. Saint Francis, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis, N. of Anoka. Saint Francis, tn. in Butler co., Mo. Pop., 246. Saint Francis, tn. in Madison co.. Mo. Pop., 386. Saint Francis, or Rum, River, a tributai'y of the Mississippi R. in Minn.; is the outlet of Mille Lac in Mille Lac co., and flowing S. E, through Isanti co. empties near Anoka. Saint Francis Station, p. v. in Milwaukee CO., Wis., on the Milwaukee Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 4 mis. S. of Milwaukee. Saint Francisville, p. v. in Lawrence co., 111., 9 mis. from Lawrenceville. Pop., 131. *Salnt Francisville, p. v. and the co. seat of W. Feliciana parish. La., near the E. bank of the Mississippi R. at Bayou Sara, and on the Feliciana & Woodville R. R., 12 mis. N. of Port Hudson and 165 mis. above New Orleans. Center of cotton trade for surrounding dis- trict. Pop. about 1,000. Two newspapers. Saint Francisville, p. v. in Clarke co.. Mo., on Des Moines R., 10 mis. N. W. of Alexandria. Pop., 408. Saint Francis Xavicr, p. o. in Hamilton co., III. Saint Francois, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Pop., 9,742 ; in 1860, 7,249. The surface is broken and hilly. The soil, with some exceptions, fertile, and in the valleys very rich. The famous "Iron Mountain" is in the south-western part of the co. It rises 228 feet above the surrounding country ; covers an area of 500 acres, and has been estimated to contain 1,- 655,280,000 cubic feet, or 230,187,375 tons of the very best and purest iron ore. The two branches of the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R. intersect the co. The northern part is drained by tributaries of the Mamarec R.; the southern by tributaries of the St. Francis R.. Farmington is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 63,632 bush.; rye, 2,300 bush.; Indian-corn, 247,581 bush.; oats, 125,803 bush.;. Irish pot's, 18,438 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,910 bush.; tobacco, 9,490 lbs.; butter, 66,133 lbs.; hay, 3,083 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,195,510. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $457,207. Value of manufactures, $753,315. Saint Francois, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,614. Saint Francois, tn. in Wayne co.. Mo. Pop., 1,735. Saint Frederick, p. o. in Nemaha co., Nebr.. Saint Oabriel, p. v. in Iberville parish. La., on the Mississippi R., 6 nils, from Plaquemine. Saint Genevieve, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Pop., 8,384; in 1860, 8,029. It borders on the Missis- sippi R., and the interior is drained by the Riviere aux Vases, Isle an Bois Cr., Saline Cr. and Establishment Cr. A broad and very fertile tract of bottom-land extends along the Mississippi ; the remainder of the co. has a rugged and broken surface. The co. abounds in minerals, iron, copper, lead, zinc and marble being found m large quantities. Saint Genevieve is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 155,228 bush.; rye, 3,854 bush.; Indian-corn, 180,350 bush.; oate, SAINT GENEVIEVE, 786 SAINT JOHN'S. 78,197 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,744 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,121 bush.; tobacco, 5,970 lbs.: butter, 27,340 !bs.; hay, 365 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,101,505. Total, estimated, value of all farm prothictions, including additions to stock, etc., $372,780. Value of manufactures, $454,010. Saint Cleiievieve, tn. in Saint Genevieve cc, Mo. Pop., 3.409. Saint Genevieve, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the \V. bank of tlie Mississippi R., ()5 mis. S. of St. Louis. An important river station, shipping the iron products of Iron Mt., glass sand, and the fruits, wines and cereals of the surroundings. Pop., 1,521. Two newspapers. Saint George, tn. in New Castle co., Del. Pop., 5,075. Saint George, p. o. in Kankakee co.. 111. Saint George, tn. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. Pop., 435. Saint George, p. v. in the above tn., on the Kansas Pacitic R. R., 6 mis. W. of Wamego. Pop., 118. Saint George, tn. in Knox co.. Me. Pop., 2,3is. Saint George, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Rockland. Saint George, tn. in Benton CO., Minn. Pop., 317. Saint George, p. o. in McLeod co., Minn. *Saint George, p. v. and the co. seat of Wash- ington CO., Utali, 270 mis. S. of Salt Lake City, in the midst of a highly productive fruit-grow- ing region, and surrounded by silver-bearing mountains. Pop., including district, 1,142. One newspaper. Saint George, tn. in Chittenden co., Vt. Pop., 111. Saint George, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Burlington. Saint George, tn. in Tucker co., W. Va. Pop., 864. Saint George, p. v. in the above tn. and co. seat, on the Cheat R., 20 mis. S. of Rowles- burgh. Saint George's, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., on the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal, 3 mis. K. of Kirkwood. Pop.. 265. Saint George's, p. o. in the v. of George's, in Colleton ilistrict, S. C, on the South Carolina R. R., 14 mis. from Branchville. Saint Gilnian, p. o. in Osceola co., Iowa. Saint Helen, p. v. and the co. seat of Colum- bia CO., Oregon, on the Columbia R., 35 mis. N. of Portland. 'Saint Helena, p. v. in Napa co., Cal., on the California Pacific R. R., 19 mis. from Napa. Pop. about .500. 'Saint Helena, parish in La., E. part. Pop., 5,423: in 1S60, 7,130. It is bounded on the W. by the Amite R. and on the E. by the Tangi- 'pahoa R., and is intersected by the Tickfaw R. The surface is level and fertile. Greens- burgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 91,265 bush.; sweet pot's, 38,961 ; cotton, 3,284 bales. Cash value of farms, $373,70S. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $.3,54,261. .Saint Helena, tn. in Cedar co., Ncbr. Pop., 665. ♦Saint Helena, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Missouri R., 6 mis. from St. .James. Saint Henry, p. o. In Dubois co., Ind. Saint Henry, p. o. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Saint Henry's, p. v. in Mercer co., Ohio, 11 mis. from Celina. Pop., 153. Saint Hubertns, p. o. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Saint Ignace, tn. in Mackinac co., Mich. Pop., 40.5. Saint Ignatins, p. o. in Missoula co., Mont. Tcr. Saint Inigoes, p. v. in St. Mary's co., Md., near the termination of the peninsula be- tween the Potomac R. and Chesapeake B., 80 mis. S. E. of Washington. Saint Jacob, p. v. in Madison co.. 111., on the St. Louis, Vandalia & Terre Haute R. R., 224^ mis. W. S. W. of Greenville. Saint James, parish in La., S. E. part. Pop., 10,152; in 1860, 11,499. It is intersected and drained by the Mississippi R., and is bounded on the N. E. by Lake Maurepas, and on the S. E. extremity by Lake Des Allemands. The surface is level ; the soil alluvial and fertile. Convent is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 91,105 bush.: Irish pot's, 574 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,285 bush.; cotton, 3,041 bales ; rice, 934,915 lbs.; sugar, 6,265 hhds. Cash value of farms, $2,097,131. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,224,294. Value of man- ufactures, $1,016,747. Saint James, p. o. in the above parish. Saint James, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Saint James, p. v. and the co. seat of Manitou CO., Mich., 20 mis. W. of Northport. Saint James, tn. in Watonwan co., Minn. Pop., 141. Saint James, p. v. in Watonwan co., Minn., on the St. Paul & Sioux City R. R., 36 mis. S. W. of Mankato. Pop. about 300. Saint James, tn. in Phelps co.. Mo. Pop., 1,,531, Saint James, p. v. in the above tn., on the Atlantic & Pacific R. R., 104 mis. from St. Louis and 10^^ mis. N. E. of Rolla. Pop. about 700. Saint James, tn. in Mississippi co., Mo. Pop., 50.5. Saint James, p. v. and the co. seat of Cedar CO., Nebr., 6 mis. from St, Helena. Saint James, p. v. in SulTolk co., N. Y., 10 mis. from North Islip. Saint John, ii. o. in Lincoln co.. Ark. Saint .Totin, p. o. in Colusa co., Cal. Saint Jobn, p. v. in Perry co., 111., on the Illi- nois Central R. R., 1)4, mle. N. of Duquoin. Pop., 356. Saint John, p. o. in Lake co., Ind. Saint John, tn. in Harrison co., Iowa. Pop., 1,507. Saint John, tn. in New Madrid co.. Mo. Pop., 403. Saint John, p. v. in Putnam co , Mo., 13 mis. W, of Unionville. Saint John, p. o. in Hertford co., N. C. Saint John, p. o. in Tooele co., Utah Ter. Saint John, p. o. in Calumet co., Wis. Saint John River rises in ihe Highlands which separate Me. from Canada; flows N. E. througli Somerset and Aroostook cos. for 150 mis., and turning E. forms part of the north- ern boundary of the state. It then flows in a south-easterly direction through New Bruns- wick and empties into St. John Harbor. Its tributaries in Me. are the Chimpassooctook, Little Black and St. Francis Rs. from the N. AV., and the Allcgash, Fish and Aroostook Rs. from the S, and W. The three last-named streams drain the heavily-timbered regions of northern Me., and the numerous large lakes in which this part of the state abounds. Saint John's. CO. in Flsi., N. E. part. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 2,618; in 1860, 3,038. The surface is level ; the soil not very productive. The eastern border is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, and the western by St. John's R. The S. part of the co. is covered with marshes. St. Augustine is tne co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Indian-corn, 7,630 bush.; oats, 250 bush.; Irish pot's, 869 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,235 bush,; rice, 1,000 lbs.; butter, 25 lbs.; Cash value of farms, $145,705. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $06,798. Value of man- ufactures, $10,700. Saint John's, tn. in Lake co., Ind. Pop., 1,442. SAINT JOHN'S 787 SAINT JOSEPH'S EIVER. *Saint John's, p. v. and the co. seat of Clin- ton CO., Mich., on the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., V)8 nils. N. \y. of Detroit. An active man- ufacturing place. Pop. about '2,000. Two news- papin-s. Saint John's, p. o. in Kandiyohi co., Minn. Saiait John's, p.' v. in Auglaize co., Ohio, 6 mis. E. of Wupakonetta. Saint John's, v. in Mercer co., Ohio. Pop., 105. Saint John's, p. o. Multnomah co., Oreg. Saint Johnsbur^h, p. o. in Niagara co., N. T. Saint Johnsbury, tn. in Caledonia co., Vt. Pop., 4,Bi;5. *Saint Johnsbnry, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the right bank of Passumpsic R. and at the intersection of the Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers R. 11. and the Portland & Ogdensburgh R. R., 49 mis. S. of Newport. The river affords good water-power, which is turned to account by large manufactories, es- pecially of patent scales, etc. Throe news- papiTs. Saint Johnsbury Centre, p. v. in Caledonia CO., Vt., on the Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers R. R., 2'^ mis. N. of St. Johnsbury. Saint Johnsbury £ast, p. v. in Caledonia CO., Vt., i mis. from St. Johnsburj'. Saint John's River, in Fla.; rises in Brevard CO. and Hows N., not far distant and nearly parallel to the eastern coast, for about 400 m.l3., and turning sharply to the E. below St. Augustine empties into the zitlantic Ocean. As far up as Lake George it is from 2 to 3 mis. wide, and resembles more an arm of the sea than a river, and probably is the remains of an ancient lagoon. Its current is about 1 mle. per hour, and its bed, at the outlet of Lake fltonroe, is but 3]4 feet above the sea. The only tributary of importance it receives is tlKjOklawaha. Saint JohnsT'ille, tn. in Montgomery co., N. 1'. Pop., -i.lsil. Saint Johnsville, p. v. in the above tn., on Mohawk U. and on the New York Central R. R., -10 mis. W. by N. of Fonda. It is located ainiti line scenery, has large trade and im- portant manufacturing interests. Pop., 1,376. Saint John the Uaptist, parish in La., S. E. part. Pop., G,7C)2 ; in 1S(J0, 7,930. This parish is intersected from E. to W. by the Missis- sippi R., and is situated between Lakes Pontcliartrain, Maurepas and Des AUemands. The surface is level and the land arable and productive. Edgard is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 10l3,8s4 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,792 bush.; sweet pot's, 252 bush.; rice, 632,(i70 lbs.; sugar, 4,962 hlids. Cash value of farms, $1,621,127." Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,182,746. Value of manufac- tures, $748,490. Saint Joseph, tn. in Champaign co., 111. Pop., 1,222. Saint Joseph, co. in Ind., N. part. Area, 473 sq. mis. Pop., 25,287 ; in 1860, 18,455. It borders on Mich. The Kankakee R. rises in the nortiiern part, and the St. Joseph R. inter- sects the CO. The surface is slightly undulat- ing, and consists of oak openings, prairies and forests. The soil is mostly fertile. The Michigan Southern R. R. intersects the Pen- Insular R. R. at South Bend, the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 503,757 bush.; rye, 8,353 bush.; Indian-corn, 2.33,045 bush.; oats, 76,846 bush.; Irish pot's, 112,126 bush.; sweet jjot's, 603 bush.; butter, 352,577 lbs.; hay, 19,910 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,867,848. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,467,265. Value of manufactures, $4,444,284. Saint Joseph, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 1,373. Saint Joseph, p. o. in Vanderburgh co., Ind. Saint Joseph, co. in Mich., S. part. Ai-ea,500 sq. mis. Pop., 26,275 ; in 1860, 21,262. The sin-- face is level and the soil good. It is inter- sected by the St. Joseph's R., and also drained by many small creeks. The Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., the Michigan Cen- tral R. R. and the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. pass through the co. Centerville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 756,428 bush.; rye, 3,6.55 bush.; Indian-corn, 654,71'2 bush.; oats, 91,184 bush.: Irish pot's, 400,201 bush.; wool, 203,223 lbs.; butter, 483.104 lbs.; hay, 31,227 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,803,- 721. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, Including additions to stoer mart. Pop. about 2,500. Two newspapers. Saint Joseph, tn. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 868. Saint .Joseph, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of St. Cloud. *Saint Joseph, city and co. seat of Buchanan CO., Mo., on the E. bank of the Missouri R., 565 mis. by water W. N. W. of St. Louis. One of the most important railroad and trade cen- ters in the state. Besides having its river com- munications, it is the W. terminus of the Hannibal & St. .Joseph R. R.; the E. terminus by steamboat transfer of the St. Joseph & Denver City R. R.; the N. W. terminus of the St. Louis & St. Joseph R. R..; a station on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R.R., and S. terminus of the Maryville Branch of the latter road. It was laid out in 1843, and now has several national banks and private banking firms, line hotels and many hand- some private residences and business struc- tures. The manufacturing interests are ex- tensive, including carriages, wagons, lumber, flour, machinery, etc. Pop., 19,565; in ISJO, 8,932. Ten newspapci's, the principal of which are the " Daily and Weekly Union," " Morn- ing Herald," and " Das Westliche Volksblatt" (German). Saint Joseph, tn. in Williams CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,844. Saint Joseph, p. o. in Yam Hill co., Ore^. Saint Joseph, p. o. in Susquehann,a co.. Pa. Saint Joseph, tn in St. Croix co.. Wis. Pop., 205. Saint Joseph's, p. v. in Champaign co.. 111., on the Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. R., 9 mis. E. of Urbana. Saint Joseph's, p. v. and the co. scat of Tensas parish, La., on W. bank of the Mississippi R., 50 mis. above Natches, Miss., by waj^ of the river, and 327 mis. above New Orleans. Ship- ping point for the cotton of the neighbor- hood. Pop. about 150. One newspaper. Saint Joseph's Oolleg-e, p. v. in Perry co., Ohio, 6 mis. from New Lexington. Saint Joseph's Hill, p. o. iii Clarke Co., Ind. Saint J<»seph's River, one of the branches of the Maumee R.; rises in Hillsdale co., Mich.: flows S. W. through Williams co., Ohio, and De Kalb co., Ind., and joins the St. Mary's R. near Fort Wayne, Allen co., Ind. Saint Joseph's River, an alHuent of Lake Michigan ; rises in Hillsdale co., Mich., flows through Calhoun and St. Joseph cos., then turns to the S. W., intersecting Elkhart and St. Joseph COS., Ind., and flowing N. intersects Berrien co., Mich., where it empties near the v. of St. Joseph. Its course is very tortuous and has a length of about 2.50 mis. Small steam boats ascend the stream to Constantine, St. Joseph CO., Mich., about 125 mis. above its mouth. The largest tributaries are the Pigeon SAINT LANDRY. SAINT LOUIS. and Elkhart Rs., -vrlnch drain the northern part of Ind. The St. Joseph 11. drains a highly productive region, and its month atfords a good harbor of from 9 to 15 feet in depth. Saint Landry, parish in La., S. AV. part. Pop., 25,.553; in 18(50,23,104. It is bounded on the E. by the Atchafalaya B ; on the W. by Bayon Nezpiqne, and is drained by the Cor- tableau and Teche bayous. The soil is un- dulating and exceedingly productive. The Atchafalaya and Cortableau are navigable by steamboats at high water. Opelousas is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian- corn, 368,897 bush.; Irish pot's, 719 bush.; sweet pot's, 58,811 bush.; cotton, 14,305 bales ; rice, 33,375 lbs.; sugar. 1,988 hhds.: butter, 1,000 lbs. Cash value of farms, !5ii,258,.')02. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., i^l,55li,'2yO. Value of niannfaclures, $282,225. Saint Lanrencebnrgh, p. o. in El Dorado CO.. Cal. Saint l^awrence, tn. in Scott CO., Minn. Pop., 31.'). Saint Lawrence, p. v. in the above tn., on tiic St. Paul & Sioux City R. R. Saint Lawrence, co in N. Y., IST. N. W. part. Area about 2,000 sq. mis. Pop., 84,826 ; in 1860, 83,686. The St. Lawrence R. washes the north- west border and drains the co. with its afflu- ents, the Oswegatchie. Grass, Racket and St. Regis Rs., which aflord much water-power. The southern part of the co. is hilly, and in- cludes the western extremity of the Adiron- dack region. Thence the surfixce gradually descends to the broad and highly productive valley of the St. Lawrence. The co. is inter- sected by the Ogdensburgh & Lake Champlain R. R. and Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh B. R. Canton is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 269,701 bush.; rye, 35,295 bush.; Indian-corn, 174,840 bush.; oats, 1,077,345 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,217,809 bush.; sweet pot's, &) bush.; maple sugar, 1,063,592 lbs.; cheese, 1,7'J,082 lbs.; wool, 281,963 lbs.; butter, 8,419,095 J' ,.; hay, 269,250 tons. Cash value of farms, ■ ,7,661,214. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, inchiding additions to stock, etc., $9,,598,071. Principal products of industry : Flour, $1,423,303 ; sawed lumber, $1,130,344, and tanned leather, $612,244. Total value of man- Tifactures, $5,861,776, consisting chiefly of tan- ned leather, flour and meal, and sawed lum- ber. Saint Lawrence, p. v. In Jeft'erson co., N. T., 7 mis. N. of the Three Mile Bay. Saint Lawrence, p. o. in Chatham co., N. C. Saint Lawrence, p. o. in Cambria co., Pa. Saint Lawrence, p. v. in Washington co., Wis., 4 mis. from Schleisingerville. Saint I^awrence, tn. in Waupaca co., Wis. Pop., 7.')9. Saint Lawrence River, one of the largest streams of the continent ; issues from the N. E. extremity of Lake Ontario, flows N. "W. be- tween Canada and the state of N. Y., and from 45° X. lat. through Canada, emptying through a wide estuary into the Gulf of Saint Law- rence. The river is about 500 mis. long, from the lake to the gulf. But if the great lakes are viewed as expansions of the stream, the Saint Louis R. of Minn., which empties into Lake Superior, is the upper course of the Saint Lawrence. The Detroit, St. Clair and Niagara Rs. are parts of its course, and the length of the river may be estiinulcd at 2,074 mis. The drainage area is over 5,860,000 sq. mis. The Saint Lawrence is naviga- ble for the largest vessels to Quebec ; for smaller craft to Montreal. Above this city navigation is impeded by rapids, to overcome which .seven short canals have been con- structed. Saint Leger, p. o. in Ozark co.. Mo. Saint Leon, p. o. in Dearborn co., Ind. Saint Leonard's, p. o. in Calvert co., Md. Saint liOuis, p. v. in Sierra CO., Cal., 9 mlsL from Downieville. Saint Louis, v. in Bartholomew co., Ind., on the Cambridge City Branch of the Jefferson, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 10 mis. N. of Columbus. The p. o. is Saint Louis Crossing. *Saint Lonis, p. v. in Gratiot co., Mich., on Pine R., 9 mis. N. of Ithaca and 30 mis. W. of Saginaw. Has an active lumber trade, and is the location of celebrated magnetic springs. Pop., 888. One newspaper. Saint Louis, co. in Minn.; N. E. part. Area about 6,300 sq. mis. Pop., 4,.561 ; in 1860, 406, This large co. borders on British America, from which it is sejiarated by Rainy Lak« and the chain of lakes which lie east of it. In the S. E. the boundary is formed by Lake Superior. The Saint Louis R. with "its nu- merous affluents drains the southern Ualf of the CO. The Height of Land, the divide, or water-shed, between the rivers emptying into Hudson B. and those emptying into Lake Su- perior, passes through the center of the co. from W. to E. Duluth is the co. seat. Value of manufactures, $262,000. Saint Louis, co. in Mo., E. part. Pop., 3.51,189 ; in 1860, 190,524. The co. occupies the tongue of land inclosed between the Missouri and Mississippi Rs., which unite at its north-east- ern corner. The surface is low and level along the rivers, but somewhat broken in the interior. The soil is very productive. From Saint Louis, the co. seat, the principal R. Rs. of the state branch off, as the Saint Louis & Iron Mountain R. R. to the S., the Atlantic & Pacific R. R. to the S. W., the Saint Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R. to the N. W., and the Pacific R. R. of Missouri to the W. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 4.53.996 bush.; I'ye, 3,191 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,023,978 bush.; oats, 280,783 bush.; Irish pot's, 377,316 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,748 bush.; tobacco, 14,!J70 lbs.; butter, 286,615 lbs.; ha.y, 30,333 tons. Cash value of farms, $28,409,63.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,566,476. The principal pro- ducts of industry are : Agricultural imple- ments, $1,475,000; bags, $5,007,2,50; boots and shoes, $1,990,940; bread and bakery product-s. $2,936,085; brick. $2,763,372; carriages and wagons, $2,044,547; freight and passenger cars, $1,725,300; men's clothing, $6,6"65,617 ; women's clothing, $1,011,420 : flour, $15,717,765 ; furniture, $2,863,659: forged and lollod iron, $1,4.5.5,000 ; pig iron, $1,94,5,000; stoves, $2,937,950 ; malt liquors, $6,105,500; sawed lumber, $1,910,- 370 ; engines and boilers, $3,750,280 ; marble and stone work, $1,076,355; packed pork, $11,- 443,845 ; refined sugar and molasses, $4,136,250 ; animal oil, $4,100,000; paints, $2,083,000; patent medicines, $2,036,450; printing of all Kinds, $4,8° United S KQ nTn "'^'^lyc** ot foreign countries, of whom lt^?.t ZT '°"? i;\«ermany, 5,366 in England France! ^'''^^""' ■•'-"'- "^ Scotland, and 2,788 in i9.q"/„®i^"cV"^ population had increased to 42S,- ij6, ana since the incorporation of the ISrii ward exceeds 450,000. It is thus by for the largest city m the great " Mississippi Vallev" and t lie third city in the Union, bein- sur- ^'In "".' 1 H I' ^^ ^r'' ^'""'-^ ^'«^ PhiiadelpWa. ^a? and two shore abutmentJ, and consists ,? o"?>|feef''1f,\.ft,'^'V"'^ "^« central hala spa T^ro,^! ' '^"'^ Ji'® '^^^'O others of 515 feet each The arches are 50 feet above high water TIhI 1 e' o'ther "".rj- . ?? ^°"<^ rock,^the one (io and L le oiuei 90 leet below the sand.bffi r.f «i,^ ?',..,., fif>?'^^'<^''i terminates at the Greaf ff Pf \ ,vi, • n,^,^f ^\^(^S^ 19 2,230 feet long and .50 vm.JV ^' '^"-'^ ^'"-"^ cost i!i7,043,603 when the last uTed' ^'"''■''°''^ ^o"« completion, waspSb' dries -if; 1S7^ Vnn. V-"^'^ ^^ furnaces and foun- v,..rfiV«V , .^^ times as many. The iron production had, in 1S7'> n -p-iino ?^f « ? ' iiio II om tlie Appalachian to the Rockv i\rtq meCof 'nnv1.^^^°'' - ^on^munfcationj '"^b": m-ffp, rl3 L^^- ^^^ commercial fleet com- T ,P to-?^, Manufacturers' Exchange." of ilo9*l5'^so%Sy°P'^^*y ^'""'^ ^ ^^'iie in 1872 fv;,. „ ' '^ , ^or real estate, and *33 454 qon tor personal estate ; together, of *16" (Aq '^7 . against $116,582,140 in 1868. The bonded d.hf ^ated t'o be ^:t^^^:)^^ ^^^1^ Hiviiff®*^"^'^^^^"'^! interests are under the con?isMn<.''of';« ''?^''-^ °^" P"Wic Scl 00 is! consisting of 26 citizens. Tlie school fnnri amounts to three and a half mUliou of dollSrs. SAINT LOUIS. 790 SAINT MARY'S. In 58 scbool-bouses, -with 48'2 rooms, there ■were instructed, in 1872, 34,4ai pupils by 603 tcaclicrs. The schools embrace one normal school, one central school, 4 branch high- schools, 48 district schools, 6 district schools for colored pupils, and 17 evening schools. The value of the school property was $2,235,803. Among the educational establishments (not public) the following merit especial mention : The 0'l"'allon Polytechnic Institute, the Wash- ington University, the St. Louis University, the College of the Christian Brothers, the St. Patrick Academy (the three last Itoman Cath- olic), the St. Louis Medical College, the Mis- souri Medical College and the St. Louis Law School. Scientific and literaiy associations are the Academy of Sciences, the Engineer Clul), the Historical Society, the Institute of Architects, the Agricultural and Mechanical Society, the Medical Society, the Union Lit- erary "Association, the Univei'sity Club and the Art Societj\ The principal libraries are : The Mercan- tile Library, with nearly 50,000 volumes ; the Public Scliool Library, with 30,000 volumes ; the St. Louis Library, with 25,000 volumes ; the Court House Libj-ary, with 8,000 volumes, and the Library of the "Washington Univer- sity, with 7,000 volumes. The press of St. Louis is represented by 73 newspapers and periodical publications, em- bracing the following 8 dailies: The "Mis- souri Republican," whicli is the successor to the " Missouri Democrat " (founded in 1808), and published in one of the most elegant es- tablishments ; the "St. Louis Democrat," published since 1852; the "St. Louis Times," the "St. Louis Globe," the "Evening Dis- patcli," and the "Journal of Commerce ;" the " Westliche Post " (German), the "Anzeiger des Westens " (German). Scientific journals are the " Journal of Speculative Philoso- phy " (the only publication in tlie country representing abstract thought, and the best in the English language), the "Southern Re- view," the " Inland Monthly Magazine," the " Medical and Surgical Journal," " Medical Archives," etc. Saint liOiiiN, p. o. in Jolferson co., Mont. Ter. Saint liOiiiH, p. o. iii Marion co., Oreg. Saint liOiiis Crossing', p. o. in Bartholo- mew CO., Ind., on the Cambridge City Branch of the Jetrersouville, Madison & Indianapolis K. II. Saint Liouis River, in Minn.; issues from the Seven Beaver Lake, in Saint Louis co., flows S. S. W. to its junction with the Flood Wood R., then turns E. and empties into Lake Su- perior near Diiluth; it receives numerous small tributaries. Saint liOuisville, p. v. in Licking co., Ohio, on the Lake Erie Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 9 mis. N. of Newark. Pop., ]()6. Saint lincle, p. o. and co. seat of Brevard co., VUi. Saint Masdalene, p. o. in Ripley co., Ind. Saint Margaret's, p. o. in Anne Arundel co., Md. Saint 3Iaric, tn. in Jasper co.. 111. Pop., 1,452. Saint Marie, p. v. in the above tn., 16 mis. N. of Olncy. Saint Marie, tn. in Green Lake co., Wis. Pop., 705. Saint Mark's, p. v. in Wakulla co., Ela., on the Saint Mark's R. and the Jacksonville, Peiisacola & Mobile R. R., 21 mis. from Talla- hassee. Pop. about 50. Saint Martin, tn. in Steams co., Minn. Pop., 551!. Saint Martin's, parish in La., S. part. Pop., y,370: in l.-GO, 12,674. It is bounded on the N. and E. by the Atchafalaya R.,and on the S. by Grand Lake ; is intersected and drained by Bayou Teche. The surface is level and fairly productive. Saint Martinsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn. 192 P40 bush.; Irish pot's, 527 bush.; sweet pot's, 0,893 bush.; cotton, 3,428 bales; sugar, 1,494 hhds. Cash value of farms, $1,621,150. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $523,258. Value of manufactures, $369,340. Saint Martin's, p. o. in Worcester CO., Md. Saint Martin's, p. v. in Morgan co.. Mo., 11 mis. S. of Tipton. Saint Martin's, p. v, in Brown CO., Ohio, 5 mis. from Weslborough. Saint Martin's, p. v. in Milwaukee CO., Wis., 12 mis. S. W. of Milwaukee. % Saint Martinsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Saint INtartin's parish. La., on Bayou Teche, 45 mis. W. of Baton Rouge. Pop., 1,190. Two ncwsimpiTS. Saint Mary's, ]>. v. and co. seat of Camden CO , Ga., on Saint ]Mary's R., 8 mis. N. W. of Fei'iiRiidina, Fla. Pop., 702. Saint Mary's, tn. in Hancock co.. 111. Pop., 1,6.30. Saint Mary's, tn. in Adams co., Ind. Pop., 925. Saint Mary's, p. V. in Vigo co., Ind., on the Indianapolis & Saint Louis R. R., 4 mis. N. W. of Terre Haute. Saint Mary's, tn. in Mills co., Iowa. Pop., 279. Saint Mary's, tn. in Pottawatomie co., Ivans. Pop., 1,025. Saint Mary's, p. o. in Marion co., Ky. Saint Mary's, parish in La., S. paVt. Pop., 13,860 ; in 1860 16,816. It is bounded on the N. E. by Grand Lake, on the E. by the Atchafa- laya R., and on the S. by Cote Blanche and Atchafalaya Bs., and is intersected by Bayou Teche. The surface is level ; the soil is allu- vial and fertile. Franklin is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 186,842 biisn.; Irish pot's, 370 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,882 bush.; cotton. 67 bales ; sugar, 6,591 hhds.; rice, 69,327 lbs.; butter, 2,690 lbs. Cash value of farms, $4,710,540. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1 .5.34,154. Value of manufactures, $801,986. Saint Mary's, co. in Md., S. part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop., 14.944; in 1860, 1.5,213. It borders on Chesapeake B., and occupies the neck of land between the lower courses of the Potomac and Patuxent Rs. Point Lookout is ' its soutliern extremity. The surface is level and the soil moderately fertile. Leonardtowu is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 152,630 bush.; rye, 814 bush.; Indian- corn, 274,457 bush.; oats, 44,379 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,525 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,117 bush.; but- ter, 48,922 lbs.; hav, 662 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,211,181. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $843,548. Value of manufactures, .$8-2,419. Saint Mary's, tn. in Waseca co., Minn. Pop., 737. Saint Mary's, p. o. in the above tn. Saint Mary's, p. v. in Saint Genevieve CO., Mo., on the Mississippi R., 9 nils, below Saint Genevieve. Pop., 397. Saint Mary's, tn. in Perry co., Mo. Pop. 1,940. Saint Mary's, tn. in Auglaize co., Ohio. Pop. 2,420. *Saint Mary's, p. v. in the above tn., on the Jlianii Canal, 10 mis. W. of Wapakonetta. Pop., 1,370. One newspafier. Saint Mary's, p. borough in Elk eo.,Pa., on Philadelphia & Erie R. B., 10 mis. E. of Ridge- ^va^■, in the midst of a coal and lumber pro- duciiii: district. Pop., 1,084. One newspaper. Saint Mary's, p. v. in Refugio co., Tex., on the Aransas R. and Copano B., 24 mis. X. of CorjiiLs Christi. Saint Mary's, p. o. and the co. seat of Pleas- ants CO., \V. Va., on the Ohio K., 18 mis. N. W. of Elleuborough, SAINT MARY'S. 791 SAINT SOPHIE. Saint Mary's, p. v. in Monroe CO., Wis., 16 nils, from Sparta. Saint Mary's Mission, p. o. in the v. of Saint Mary's, in Pottawatomie co., Kans., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., 23 mis. W. N. W. of Topeka. One newspaper. Saint Mary's River forms the boundary- bet ween Georgia & Florida; rises in the Oke- flnokee Swamp, and empties into the ocean near Fernandina, Fla. Saint Mary's River, one of the branches of the Alauinee R.; rises in Shelby eo., Ohio, f ows N. W. through Auglaize, Mercer and Van Wert cos^ Ohio, and Adams co., ]nd.,and joins the Saint Joseph's R. at Fort Wayne, in Allen CO., Ind. Saint Mary's Strait connects Lake Superior with Lake Huron, and has a length of about 65 mis. As the former lake is 49 feet higher than the latter, the strait has a great descent, and forms several rapids, the most noted of which is "Sault Saint Mary's," liaving a fall of ii feet within less than a mile, A canal around the " Sault " has been constructed, by which the strait is rendered navigable. Saint MarysvUle, tn, in Miami co,, Kans, Pop., 1,383. Saint Mattliews, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ky. Saint Mattliews, p. o. in the v. of Lewisville, in Orangeljurgh district, S, C, on the South Carolina R. R., 38 mis. from Columbia, Saint Manrice, p, o, in Decatur co,, Ind. Saint Maurice, p. o. in Winn parish. La. Saint Meinrad, p. v. in Spencer co., Ind,, 14 mis. from Troy. Saint Miebael's, p. v. in Talbot co., Md., on the S. side of St. Michael's Estuary, 12 mis. W. of Easton, the co. seat. Engaged in ship- building, oyster trade and coast commerce. Pop., 1.095. One newspaper. Saint Michael's, p. o. in Wright co., Minn. Saint Michael's, tn. in Madison co.. Mo. Pop., ].:!.;5. Saint Morgan, p. o. in Madison CO., Ill, Saint Nazians, p. o. in Monitowoc CO., Wis. Saint Nicholas, p. o. in Duval co., Fla, Saint Nicholas, p. o, in Atchison co., Kans. Saint Nicholas, p. v. in Schuylkill co., Pa., on the East Mahanoy Branch of the Philadel- phia & Reading R. R., 4 mis, W, of Mahanoy City. Saint Olaf, p. o. in Minnehaha co., Dak, Ter, Saint Oloff, tn, in Otter Tail co., Minn. Pop., 408. Saint Oloff, p. v. in Otter Tail co., Minn., 5 mis. from Tordenskjold. Saint Oiner, p. v. in Decatur co., Ind,, 4 mis, from St. Paul. Pop., 169. *Saint Paris, p. v. in Champaign co., Ohio, on the Indianapolis & Chicago Division of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 11 mis. W. of Urbana, the co. seat. Pop. about 650, One newspaper. Saint Patrick's, p. o. in Saint James parish. La. Saint Paul, p o, in Madison co.. Ark. ^Saint Paul, p. v. in Decatur co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 10 mis. from Greensburg, Pop, about 500. Saint Paul, p. v. in Lee CO., Iowa, 10 mis, N, W. of Fort Madison. Saint Paul, p. o. in Howard co., Kans, ♦Saint Panl, city, port of entry, co. seat of Ramsey co. and capital of Minn.; is situated on the X. bank of the Mississippi R., 6 mis. below the mouth of the Minnesota R,, 9 mis. from the Falls of Saint Anthony, and practically at the head of navigation, 2,082 mis. from the Gulf of Mexico. It is the largest city in the state, and one of the oldest (Battlements of the N.W., the first recorded visit being that of Hennepin, a Jesuit missionary, in 1680. Eighty -six years afterward Jonathan Carver made a treaty there with the Indians near Carver's Cave, The claim upon which the present city is located was bought by Pierre Parent in 1837, and sold in 1839. In 1840 the first church was built (Saint Paul's), from which the city was named. The city is pecu- liarly situated on three plains, the first level with the river forming the levee ; the second, upon which the main portion is erected, is a plateau whose edges toward the river are bluffs of white sand and limestone ; the third. is the prairie level above and beyond the hills, which surround the main portions of the city like an ampitheatre. Upon these hills and beyond are many line private residences. Owing to the geological formation, abundance of building material is found on tlie spot. It consists of a soft limestone, which harde i3 on exposure. Though a young city, it has several fine clmrchbs, hotels, schools and places of amusement. The State Capitol oc- cupies a fine position on high ground, but is a rather unattractive brick structure. There are two asylums in the city, a hospital, and. near it is the State Reform School. In the neighborhood are pleasant drives, numerous lakes and places of resort and interest. The city is an important commercial center. Be- sides having its connections by the river, it is the N, W. terminus of the Saint Paul & Chica- go R. R., the N. terminus of the Milwaukee & Saint Paul R. R., the N, E, terminus of the Saint Paul & Sioux City R, R., the E, termin- us of the Saint Paul & Pacific R. R., the S, E. terminus of the Saint Paul Branch of the Northern Pacific R. R., the S. terminus of the Lake Superior & Mississippi R. R., and W. terminus of the West AVisconsin R. R. Its manufactories are extensive, and consist of planing mills, brass and iron foundries, flour- ing mills, boot and shoe factories, etc. In 1838 it contained only three white inhabitants; in 1848 about 50; in 1849, 500; in 1850, l,ir2 ; iu 1860, 10,401 ; in 1870, 20,030. There are 21 news- papers published in the city, the principal of which are the " Press," " Pioneer " and " Dis- patch" (dailies and weeklies), and the "North- western Chronicle," " Volksblatt" (German), and " Monitorew " (Swedish), weeklies. Saint Panl, v. in St, Louis co., Mo., ou Meramcc R. and the Missouri Pacific R. R., 25 nils. W. of St. Louis. The p. o. is Sherman, Saint Panl, p, o. in Webster co,. Mo, Saint Panl, p. o. in Howard CO., Nebr. Saint Paul's, P.O. in Robeson co., N. C. Saint Paul's, p. v. in Pickaway co., Ohio, 10 mis. from Circleville. *Saint Peter, p. v. and co. seat of Nicollet CO., Minn., on the W. bank of the Minnesota R. and on the Winona & St. Peter K. R. and St. Paul & Sioux City R. R., 75 mis. S. W. of St. Paul. A brisk manufacturing place. Seat of the Minnesota Insane Hospital. Pop., 2,124. Two newspapers. Saint Peter's, p. o. in Franklin CO., Ind. Saint Peter's, p. o. in St. Landry parish. La. Saint Peter's, p. o. in the v. of DardennCj in St, Charles co., Mo., on the North Missouri B, R., 914 mis. W. of St. Charles. Saint Peter's, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 15 mis. W of Phoenixville. Saint Peter's, tn, in New Kent co., Va. Pop., 1,122. *Saint Petersburgh, p. v. in Clarion co., Pa. 4 mis. E. of Emlenton. Saint Philip, p. o. in Perry CO., Ind. Saint Kes'is Falls, p. o. in Franklin co., N. Y. Saint Reg-is River, a tributary of the St. Lawrence in N. Y.; rises in Fi-anklin co., an^ mis. S. W. of Newburgh. Salladyburg:!!, p. v. in Lycoming co.. Pa., 7 mis. I'lotn .Tcrsoy Shore. Salmon, tii. in Klamatii co., Cal. Pop., 136. Salni4»n Itrook, p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me. Salmon City, p. v. and co. seat of Lemhi co., Idaho Ter., on the Salmon R., 90 mis. W. N. W Bannack City, Mont. Ter. SALMON FALLS. 795 SALTSBURGH. Salmon Falls, tn. in ElDorado co., Cal. Pop., 428. Salmon Falls, p. o. in the ahove tn. Salmon Falls, p. v. in Strafford co., N. H., on the Boston & Maine R. It., and the Ports- mouth, Great Fails & Conway K. K., 1 mle. from Great Falls. Salmon Falls River rises in Carroll co., N. i£., and flowing S. E. unites with the Cocheco K. to form tlie Piscataqua K. It forms part of the boiindarv between N. H. and Me. Salmon Rapids, tn. in Mitchell co., Eans. Pop., (>.5. Salmon River, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., near the Rome, "Watertown & Ogdensburgh R. R., i;-^nile. S. of New Centreville. Salmon River, in N. Y.; rises in Lewis co., flows westward through Oswego co., and empties into Lake Ontario. Salmon River, a large tributary of the Snake R. in Idaho Ter.; rises in the Salnaon River Mts. of Alturas co., flows X. into Lemhi co., and turning E. empties in Idaho co. Salmon River, a tributary of the Connecti- cut R. in Conn.; rises in Tolland co., and empties in Middlesex co. It has considerable descent and attbrds excellent water-power. Salmon River, a tributaiy of the St. Law- rence R. in N. Y.; rises in Franklin co., and running N. W. flows into Canada. Salmon River, a small tributary of the Pen- obscot R. in Me.; flows from N. to S. near the E. boundary of Penobscot co. Salmon River Mountains, a name collec- tively given to the numerous ranges occupy- ing the region between the Salmon and Snake Ks. in Idaho Ter. Saloma, p. o. in Taylor co., Ky. Salona, p. v. in Clinton co.. Pa., 2 mis. S. of Mill Hall. Sal Soda, p. o. in Crenshaw co., Ala. Salt Creek, tn. in Decatur co., Ind. Pop., 1,087. Salt Creek, tn. in Franklin co., Ind. Pop., 1,223. Salt Creek, tn. in Jackson co., Ind. Pop., 1,963. Salt Creek, tn. in Mason co.. 111. Pop., 1,102. Salt Creek, tn. in Monroe co., Ind. Pop., 636. Salt Creek, p. o. in Porter co., Ind. Salt Creek, tn. in Davis co., Iowa. Pop., 889. Salt Creek, tn. in Tama co., Iowa. Pop., 1,113. Salti'reek,tn. in Mitchell co.,Kans. Pop., 40. Salt Creek, tn. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., 1,25a Salt Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Salt Creek, tn. in Hocking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,179. Salt Creek, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop., 1,131. Salt Creek, tn. in Pickaway co., Ohio. Pop., 1.7.50. Salt Creek, tn. in "Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 1,393. Salt Creek, p. o. in Polk co., Oreg. Salt Creek, p. o. in Montague co., Tex. Salt Creek, p. v. and the co. seat of Juab co., Utah Ter., 110 mis. S. of Salt Lake City. Salt Creek, p. v. in Amherst co., Va., on James R., 12 mis. from Lynchburgh. Salter's Depot, p. o. in Williamsburgh dis- trict, S. C. Saltersville, p. o. in the v. of Pamrapo, in Hudson CO., X. J., on the Central R. R. of New Jersey. Saltilio, v, ir. Jasper co., Ind., 16 mis. from WtUcott. Saltilio, 1 T. in Lee co.. Miss., on the Mobile S: Oliio R. II., IS mis. N. of Tupelo. Pop., 14S. Saltilio. p. oin Lancaster co., Nebr. Saltilio, p. o. in Holmes co., Ohio. Saltilio, p. o. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Saltilio, p. V. in Hardin co., Tenn., ou the Tennessee R., 12 mis. from Clifton, Saltilio, p. o. in Hopkins co., Tex. Saltilloville, p. o. in the v. of Saltilio, In Washington co., Ind., on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R., 12 mis. from Salem. Pop., 105. Salt I^ake, co. in Utah Ter., N. central part. Pop., 18,337; in 1860, 11,295. It borders in the N. W. on Great Salt Lake, and in the E. on the lofty range of the Wahsalcli Mts. The Jordan R., a tributary of Gre.at Salt Lake, in- tersects it from S. to N., anj flows through a rich valley, which produces excellent crops of grain and fruit wherever it is Irrigated Salt Lake City is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 26,838 bush.; rye, 40 bush.; Indian-corn, 6,838 bush.; oats, 4,584 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,216 bush.; butter, 16,207 lbs.; hay, 1,172 tons. Cash value of farms, $319,SOO. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $104,- 196. Value of manufactures, $492,254. *Salt liake City, city, co. seat of the above CO. and capital of the territory ; is situated in Great Salt Lake Valley, on the Jordan 11. and at the S. terminus oi" Utah Central R. R.,37 mis. S. of Ogden. It was founded in 1846 by Mormon pioneers under the leadership of Brigham Young. The site is a plain overlook- ing the valley and extending to the spurs of the Wahsatch Mts. The streets are laid out at right-angles, 132 feet wide, hanilsomely orna- mented with shade trees, and having streams of water running through them. Here are many handsome private and public build- ings, the most notable of the latter being' the Tabernacle, capable of seating 10,000 per- sons. The city is an important trade center, and has large interests in manufactures, having foundries, machine shops, a woollen mill, etc. Pop., 12,854 ; in 1860, 8,190. There are nine newspapers published here, of which the " Deseret News " and " Salt Lake Herald " are dailies. Salt liiek, tn. in Perry co., Ohio. Pop., 1,349. Salt I>iek, p. o. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Salt l.ick, tn. in Fayette co.. Pa. Pop., 1,209. Salt I..ick, p. o. in Macon co., Tenn. Salt t,iek Ridge, p. o. in Braxton co., W. Va. Salt I>ick "Valley, p. o. in Lewis co., Ky. Saltpetre, p. o. in Washington co., Ohio. Saltpetre Cave, p. o. in Botetourt co., V^a. Salt Point, tn. in Sonoma co., Cal. Pop., 1,088. Salt Point, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Poughkeepsie & Eastern R. R., lOJ^ mis. N. E. of Poughkeepsie. Salt Pond, tn. in Saline co.. Mo. Pop., 2,895. Salt River, a tributary of the Ohio R., in K5-. ; is formed by the confluence of the Main Branch and Rolling Fork, at the boundary between Bullett and Meade cos. It flows N. W. and empties 23 mis. below Louisville. The Main Branch rises in Boyle co.; Rolling Fork near the western border of Lincoln co. Salt River, a tributary of the Mississippi R., in Mo.; formed by the confluence of the North, Middle and South Branches, near Florida, Monroe co.; flows E. and emjities 2 mis. below Louisiana. Salt River, p. v. in Isabella co., Mich., 11 mis. S. E. of Mt. Pleasant, the co. seat. Salt River, tn. in Adair co.. Mo. Pop., 1,164. Salt River, tn. in Audrain co.. Mo. Pop., .5,(;02. Salt River, tn. in Knox co.. Mo. Pop., 2,120. Salt River, tn. in Pike co.. Mo. Pop.. 379. Salt River, tn. in Ralls co.. Mo. Pop., 1,337. Salt River, tn. in Randolph CO., Mo. Pop., 782. Salt River, tn. in Schuyler co.. Mo. Pop., 1,115. Salt River, tn. in Shelby co.. Mo. Pop., 1,986. Salt Road, p. o. in Douglas co.. Mo. Salt Rock, tn. in Marion co., Ohio. Pop., 351. Salt Run, p. o. in Noble co., Ohio. Saltsburg'ta, v. in Alleghany co., Pa., on Pitts- SALTSBURGH. 796 SAN BERNARDINO. burgh, Washinston & Baltimore R. R., 25 mis. S. E. of Pittsburgh. •Saltsbnrgh, p. borough in Indiana CO., Pa., on tlie Conenuiugh K. and the Western Di- vision of the Pennsylvania R. R., 13^ mis. N. W. of Blairsville. JPop., 659. Salt S{)riiig', tn. in Randolph CO., Mo. Pop., 3,5'2(i. Salt Spring^*, p. o. in Douglas co., Ga. Salt Si>rigi$?»i, ]i. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. Sail Snlpbnr Springrs, p. v. in Monroe co., W. Va., 25inls. S. W. of VVliite Sulphur Springs. Saltville, p. o. in Mitchell eo., Kans. Saltville, tn. in Washington co., Va. Pop., 2.471. Snltville, p. v. in the above tn., on the North Fork of the Holston R.; is connected by a branch railroad with Glade Springs. Salubria, p. o. in Adaco., Idaho Ter. Salubrity, p. o. in Pickens district, S. C Saluda, tn. in Jefferson co., Ind. Pop., 1,6S2. Saluda. ]i. o. tn the above tn. Saluda, tn. in Middlesex co., Va. Pop., 1,715. Saluda, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 1.1 mis. N . E of AVest Point. Saluda Oldtown, p. o. in Newberry district, S. c. Saluda River, a branch of the Congaree R. in S. «■.; rises in the Blue Ridge, between Pick- ens & Gi-et^nville districts ; has ageneral soutli- easterly course of over 200 mis. and joins the Broad R. near Columbia. Salun$^a, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., on the Pennsylvania R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of Lancaster. Salnria, p. v. in Calhoun co., Texas, at the northern extremity of Matagorda Island and on the inlet to Matagorda B. Salvlsa, p. V. in Mercer co., Ky., 10 mis. from I>awrencehurgh. Pop., 153. Saly crsville, p. v. and the co. seat of MagotHn CO., Ky., 55 mis. S. S. "W. of Catlettsburgh. Pop., lOfi. Salzbnrg'h, p. v. in Bay co., Mich., on the Sag- inaw R. opposite Portsmouth, and on the Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw R. R., 11 mis. N. of Saginaw. Samantha, p. o. in Highland co., Ohio. Samaria, p. v. in Johnson co., Ind., on Cin- cinnati & Martinsville R. R., 10 mis. S, W. of Franklin, the co. seat. Samish, p. o. Whatcom co., Wash. Ter. Sam Miller, tn. in Albemarle co., Va. Pop., 4,9.59. SammonHTllle, p. o. in Fulton co., N. Y. Sampsell's Station, p. o. in Livingston co.. Mo. Sampson, co. in N. C, S. E. central part. Area about (iOO sq. mis. Pop,, ll),436; in 18(50,16,624. The surface is generally level and largely consists of pine barrens. Black R. and its branches rise in the northern part and tra- verse the CO. from N. to S. The soil is moder- ately productive. Clinton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 2,639 bush.; rye, 2,369 busli.; Indian-corn, 281,381 bush.; oats, 8,775 bush.; Irish pot's, l,662bush.; sweet pot's, 141,373 bush ; cotton, 1,231 bales; butter, 35,554 lbs. Cash value of farms, $513,191. Total, es- timated, value of all farm jiroductions, in- cluding additionstostock, etc., $913,875. Value of manufactures. $38,603. Sanip<;on, v. in Darke co., Ohio, a few miles S. of Gre(niville, the co. seat. Pop., 346. Sampson Oreek, p. o. in Harrison co., Mo. Sam'M €reel«, p. v. in Carroll co., Md., lOJ.^ nds. from Westminster. Sanisonville, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. Samsonville, p. o. in the v. of Washington in Jackson CO., Ohio, on the Portsmouth Branch of the Marietta antl Cincinnati R. R., 16 mis. S. of Jackson. Sam's Valley, p. o. in Jackson co., Orcg. Samsville. j). o. in Edwards co., HI. Samuel's l>cpot, P.O. in the V. of Samuel's, in Nelson co.. Ky., on the Bai'dstown Branch of the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 9m.ls. E. of Bardstown Junction. San Anders, p. o. in Milam co., Tex. *San Andreas, p. v. in Calaveras co., Cal., 42 mis. N. E. of Stockton. Surrounded bj' an agricultural and gold mining region. One newspaper. San Antonio, tn. in Marin co., Cal. Pop., 451. San Antonio, p. v. in Monterey co., Cal., on San Antonio Cr., 47 mis. S. of Gilroy. San Antonio, ]}. o. in Buchanan co!. Mo. San Antonio, p. o. in Socorro co., New Mex. Ter. *San Antonio, city and the co. scat of Bexar CO., Tex., on San Antonio Cr., SO mis. S. by W. of Austin. It is the center of a largo trado with the interior, and is the cattle mart for an extensive region. It ranks as the oldest city of Tex., its foundation dating liack two centuries before the settlement of the coun- try by Americans. Many of the ]uivate resi- dences are very fine. The United States Arsenal is one of the principal objects of in- terest. Pop., 12,256 ; in 1860, 8,235. Six news- papers. San Antonio River, in Tex.; formed by con- fluence of Cibolo and San Antonio Crs. in Kansas CO., flows south-easterly, forms the boundary between Victoria and Refugio cos. and joins the Guadaloupe just above San An- tonio B. San Antonio Bay, on the S. E. coast of Tex., b(;tween Refugio and Calhoun cos. San Aas:nstine, co. in Tex., E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 4,196; in 1860, 4,094. It is bounded W. by the Attoyac Cr. and Angelina R., and intersected by atributary of the lat- ter, Avish Bayou. The stirface is mostly levelj and known as the " red lands." The soil IS remarkably rich. San Augustine is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 55 bush.; Indian-corn, 110,007 bush.; oats, 537 bush.; Irish pot's, 180 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,082 bush.; cotton, 2,598 bales; butter, 1,050 lbs. Cash value of farms, $131,363. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in. eluding additions to stock, etc., $328,826. Value of manufactures, $26,0.32. *San Augustine, p. v. and the co. seat of the above co., 28 mis. N. W. of Sabinetown, and 35 mis. E. of Nacogdoches. Pop., 250. San Bartolo, p. v. and the co. seat of Zapata CO., Tex. San Benito, tn. in Monterey CO., Cal. Pop., 529. San Benito, p. o. in Monterej' co., Cal. San Benito River, a tributary of the Pajaro R. in Cal.; flows through a fertile valley in Monterey co., lying between the Monte Diablo Range and thcGavilan Mts. San Bernardino, co. in Cal., S. E. part. Area about 15,700 sq. nils. Pop., 3,988 ; in 1800, 5,5,51. It borders in the E. on the Colorado R. By far the larger portion is a dreary desert, with dry lakes, few small streams, losing them- selves in the barren soil, and an exceedingly scanty vegetation of cacti and yuccas. Seve- ral ranges of lofty mountains enter into it from Inyo CO., and" ti'averse its northern ex- tremity. Between the Pinament and Amar- gosa ranges lies the dismal Death Valley, whose surface is 150 feet lower than the level of the sea. This valley is 100 mis. long and 20 mis. wide, and in its center there is a .salt marsh, with a thin layer of soil covering an unknown depth of soft gray mud, into which sinks the Amargosa R. The heat of the val- ley is fearful during the summer, and even in' winter the thermometer rises to 90° Fahr. The Mojave R. flows through the center of tlie CO., and is lost in a dry sink. The S. W. portion is traversed by some of the Coast Ranges and contains its finest agricultural lands. Here is the beautiful San Bernardino Valley, extending between the San Bernardi. SAN BERNAEDINO. 797 SAND LICK. no and Teiuescal Mts., whicli ranges are covered with forests. Inumenible small streams flowing from these mountains, and joining the Santa Anna R., render the valley fertile. Willows, sycamores, and other trees grow along their banks and impart to this valley the appearance of a beautiful garden. Agriculture is the main pursuit of the inhabi- tants. San Bernardino is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 10,356 bush.; rye, 4J bush.; Indian-corn, l'2,-i50 bush.; oats, 50 bush.; Irisli pot's, 1,542 bush.; sweet pot's, 785 bush.; wool, 71,075 lbs.; butter, 21,.^10 lbs.; hay, 1,808 tons. Cash value of farms, $191,-212. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., iiil33,U0. Value of manufactures, $174,350. San Bernardino, tn. in the above co. Pop., 3,IKi-t. *San Bernardino, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, near Santa Anna B., tiO mis. K. of Los Angeles. The valley is here walled in by bold granite mountains. The climate is almost tropical, and fruits of all kinds grow In abundance. The surrounding mountains are heavily timbered with cedar. The town was originally a Mormon settlement. Pop. nearly 3,000. One newspapei-. Sau Bernardino Mountains, the most south-eastern of the Coast Uanges of Cal.; trend through San Diego and San Bernardino COS., and bound the desert plains of the Mo- jave and the Colorado Rs. in the S. W. Sanborn, p. v. in Jiiagara co., N. Y., on the Loekport Branch of the New York Central K. II., 10 mis. S. W. of Loekport. Pop. about 150. Sanborn's Mills, p. o. in Carroll CO., N. H. Sanborntoii, tn. in Belknap co., N. H. Pop., Saubornton, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. frf)ni TJlton. San Bruno, tn. in San Mateo co., Cal. Pop., l,'2Gi). San Buenaventura, tn in Ventura co., Cal. Pop., '2,101. ^^San Buenaventura, p. v. and the co. seat of Ventura CO., Cal., on the coast, 28 mis. S. E. of Santa Barbara. A supply point for the interior. One newspaper. Sanburn, p. o. in .Johnson co.. 111. Sand Bank, p. o. in tlie v. of Albion, In Os- wego CO., N. Y., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensljurgli R. R., 5 mis. S. of Richland. Sand Beacli, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., tjijii. Sand Beach, p. v. in the above tn., on Lake Huron, 75 mis. N. of Port Huron and 29J^ mis. S. E. of Port Austin. Sandborn, p. o. in Knox co., Ind. Sand Brook, p. o. in Hunterdon co., K. J. San Carlos River, a tributary of the Gila R., in Ariz. Ter.; rises in the MogoUon Mts. and has a southerly course. Sandbur^h, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Sand Creek, tn. in Bartholomew co., Ind. Pop., l,14Vt. Sand Creek, tn. In Decatur co., Ind. Pop., 2,029. Sand Creek, tn. in Jennings CO., Ind., Pop., 930. Sand Creek, tn. in Union co., Iowa. Pop., 328. Sand Creek, tn. in Scott Co., Minn. Pop., 1,520. Sand Creek, p. o. in the v. of Brentwood, in t hf above tn , on the St. Paul & Sioux City B. R., 3'J nils. S. W. of St. Paul. Sand Creek, p. o. in Saunders CO., Neb. Sand Creek, p. o. in Dunn co., Wis. Sand Cut, p. o. of the v. of Gouldsborough, in Wayne co.. Pa., on the Delaware, Lackawan- na &, Western R. R., 21 mis. S. E. of Scranton. Sandefer's Store, p. o. in Carroll co., Ky. Sanders, p. o. in Barnwell distrtct, S. C. Sander's Hill, p. o. in Moulgomery co., N. C. Sanderson, p. o. and the co. seat of Baker co., I'la. Sander's Store, p. o. in Carteret co., N. C. ^Sandersville, p. v. and co. seat of Washing- ton CO., Ga., 3 mis. from Tennille, on Georgia Central R. R.; center of trade for a cotton- producing region. Two newspapers. Sandford, j). v. in Vigo co., Ind., on the In- dianapolis & St. Louis 11. It., 8% mis. N. W. of Terre Haute. Sand Fork, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. Sand Fork, p. o. in Gilmer co., W. Va. Sandgate, tn. in Bennington co., Vt. Pop., 705. Sandg'ate, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Arlington. Sand Hill, p. o. in Carroll CO., Ga. Sand Hill, p. o. in l^ewis CO., Ky. Sand Hill, tn. in Scotland co., Mo. Pop., 784. Sand Hill, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. S. of Memphis. Sand Hill, p. o. in Beaufort district, S. C. Sand Hill, tn. in Marshall co., W. Va. Pop., 951. Sand Hollow, p. o. in Morgan co., Ohio. Sandidge's, p. o. in Amherst co., Va. San Uicg'O, co. in Cal., S. part. Area, 13,280 sq. mis. Pop., 4,951 ; in 1860, 4,324. It extends from the Colorado R. on the E. to the Pacific Ocean on the W., and comprises the most southern part of Cal., bordering on the peninsula of the same name, which belongs to Mexico. In re- gard to surface the co. may be diviiled into three sections. The western is diversified by gentle undulations, low hills and level plains, contains much good farming lainl ancl has a warm, semi-tropical climate. The central section is moiftitainous, being traversed by the San Bernardino, San Jacinto and others of the Coast Ranges, which mostly have a S. E. and N. W. direction, and is the best agricul- tural district of the co. The vine, orange, Avheat and barley are among its productions. The eastern section belongs to the great Colo- rado Desert, is sandy, destitute of water, and has an excessively hot climate. At Fort Yuma, on the Colorado R., opposite the mouth of the Gila R., the thermometer sometimes reaches 122° Pahr. in the shade. The streams .are in- considerable, rise in the Coast Ranges and mostly empty into the Pacific, as the Margari- ta R., San Luis Rey R., San Bernardo R. and San Diego R. Cattle, sheep, wool, hides and tallow are the principal products. San Diego is the CO. seat. Agr. productions of 1870: Wheat, 32,947 bush.; Indian-corn, 9,3.30 bush.; oats, 260 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,572 bush.; sweet pot's, 85 bush.; wool, 9,250 lbs.; butter, 11,528 lbs.; hay, 1,433 tons. Cash value of farms, $782,662. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $160,920. Value of manufactures, $57,807. *San I>ieg'o, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on San Diego B., 131 mis. S. S. E. of Los Angeles and 500 mis. S. S. E. of San Francisco. Itsliarbor is, next to that of San Francisco, the best on the Pacific coast. The town was founded in 1769 bj^ Catholic missionaries, but until lately never came into commercial im- portance. Within the past few years its growth in population and trade has been rapid, and it has latelj^ been made a port of entry. Pop., 2,300. Four newspapers. San I>ieg°o, p. o. in Nueces co., Tex. Sandislleld, tn. in Berkshire CO., Mass. Pop., 1,482. Sandisticld, p. o. in the above tn. Sand Lake, p. o. in Lake co.. 111. Sand L.ake, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Sand Lake, p. o. in Kandiyohi co., Minn. Sand Lake, tn. in Rensselaer CO., N. Y. Pop., 2,633. Sand Lake, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. from Troy. Pop., 503. Sand Lick, tn. in Buchanan co., Va. Pop., 1,580. SAN DOMINGO. 798 SANDYYILLE. San I>oming-o, p. o. in Bell co., Tex. SaiKluval, til. In Marion co., 111. Pop., 958. Siiixloval, p. V. in the above tn., on the Illi- nois Central U. R. and the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 60 mis. K. of St. Louis. Sandown, tn. in Rockingham co., X. H. Pop., 4'.)(i. Saiidown, p. o. in the above tn. SaiKl Patch, p. o. in Somei-set co., Pa. Sand Prairie, tn. in Tazewell co., 111. Pop., 1 .(ItC. Sand Point, p. o. in Volusia co., Fla. Sand Rid$;c, p. o. in .Jackson co., 111. Sand Kock, p. o. in Cherokee Co., Ala. Sand Rnn, p. o. in Upshur co., W. Va. Sand Spring', p. v. in Delaware CO., Iowa, on the Dubuque Southwestern R. R., 14 mis. from Farley. Pop. about 300. Sand Spring:!*, p. o. in Weljster co.. Mo. Sandstone, tn. in Jackson co., JSIich. Pop., l.r.'.K Sand3 bush.; rye, .5,856 bush.; Indian-corn, 341,002 bush.; oats, 389,233 bush.; Irish pot's, 18(i,4;il bush.; sweet pot's, 1,513 bush.; butter, 549,482 lbs.; hav, 25,987 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,246,110. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,942,887. Value of manufactures, $1,582,- 532. »Sandnsky, city, port of entry and co. scat of Erie co., Ohio, on Sandusky B. of Lake Erie. The bay forms an excellent harbor. Tlie site of the city is a slope southward from the l)ay, of which a tine view is had. Inex- haustible beds of limestone underlie the city, affording cheap and durable material, of which most of the buildings are constructed. Tlie city is in intimate commercial connection with the leading towns and ports of Lake Erie. Its inland commerce is also extensive, it being the X. terminus of the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R.. the Lake Erie Division" of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., and the Sandusky Line of tlie Lake Shore & Mich- igan Southern R. R. Its manufacturing in- terests are large, covering nearly every va- riety of products. Pop., 13,000 ; in 1860, 8,408, Seven newspapers. Sandusky, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 6(i."). Sandusky, tn. in Richland co., Ohio. Pop., 682. Sandusky, tn. in Sandusky co., Ohio. Pop., 1,570. Sandusky, p. v. in Sauk co., Wis., 20 mis. from Lone Rock. Sandusky River, in Ohio; rises on the bouiulary between Richland and Crawford COS., tlows X. and empties into Sandusky B. ^Sandwich, p. v. in De Kalb co., 111., oh the Cliicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 57 mis. S. W. of Chicago. Has a thriving local trade. Pop., 1,844. One newspaper. Sandivich, tn. in Barnstable co., Mass. Pop., 3,694. *Sandwich, p. v. in the above tn., on Cape Cod B. and Cape Cod R. B., 62 mis. by rail S. K. of Boston. With Xorth and West Sand- wich it is engaged in manufactures of vari- ous kinds. One newspaper. Sandwich, tn. in Carroll co., X. H. Pop., 1,8.54. Sandwich, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Meredith Village. Sandy, In. in Stark co., Ohio. Pop., 1,116. Sanon, co. in 111., central part. Area, 755 sq. mis. Pop., 46,352 ; in 1860, 32,274. The sur- face is generally level and the soil produc- tive. It is drained by a large number of small tributaries of the Sangamon R., by which the CO. is intersected. The following railroad lines traverse it : The Springfield & South- eastern R. R., the Oilman, Clinton & Spring, field R. R., the Springfield & Northwestern R. R., the Chicago & Alton R. R., and the Toledo, "Wabash & Western R. R. Springfield, the state capital, is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 336,962 bush.; rye, 23,073 bush.; Indian-corn, 4,388,763 bush.; oats, 397,718 bush.; Irish pot's, 183,029 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,465 bush.; butter, 554,196 lbs.; hay, 50.682 tons. Cash value of farms, $25,388,118. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $4,.557,711. Value of mau- nfactur(!s, $1,806;286. Sanjsramon, tn. in Piatt CO., 111. Pop., 1,380. Sangamon River, a tributar.v of the Illinois R. in 111.; is formed by the confluence of the North and South Branches in Sangamon co., flows first N. W., then N., and at last W., and empties 10 mis. above Beardstown. It is about 200 mis. long, and during high water is navigable for small boats. Sang'amon Station, p. v. in Macon co., V.\., on the Toledo, Wabash & Westeim R. R., 5 mis. E. of Decatur. Sanjceriield, tn. in Oneida CO., N. Y. Pop., 2,51.3. Sang:erflel0 lbs.; hay, 19,065 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,397,701. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc. , $1,190,793. Value of manu- factures, :j;346,268. San Mateo, tn. in the above co. Pop., 977. San Mateo, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Southern Pacific R. R., 21 mis. S. of San Fran- cisco. San Miguel, co. in N. Mex. Ter., E. part. Pop., 16,058 ; in 1860, 13,714. The western part of this large co. is mountainous ; the remainder con- sists of elevated and generally barren table- lands. The Rio Pecos intersects and waters the south-western part, the Canadian R., with its numerous small affluents, the eastern. Wherever the bottom-lands of the streams can be irrigated they produce excellent crops and fruits. Las Vegas is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 13,321 bush.; oats, 994 bush.; Indian-corn, 83,145 bush.; Irish pot's, 47 bush.; butter, 2,242 lbs.; hay, 1,747 tons. Cash value of farms, $257,126. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $315,727. Value of man- ufactures, $161,842. Sanncniin, p. o. in Livingston co., 111. San Pablo, p. v. in Contra Costa co.. Cal., on San Pablo Cr., 8 mis. N. of Oakland. Pop 1,075. San Pablo Bay, in Cal. (See San Francisco B.) San Pasqnal, tn. in San Diego co., Cal. Pop., 275. San Patricio, co. in Tex., S. part. Area, 550 6q. mis. Pop., 602 ; in 1860, 620. The co. is Ijounded on the S. by the Nueces R., Nueces B. and Corpus Christi B., on the N. by the Aransas R., and on the E. by Aransas B. The surface is undulating ; the soil sandy but cul- tivable. San Patricio is the co. seat. Agr. froductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 21,325 bush.; rish pot's, 863 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,010 bush. Cash value of farms, $43,800, Total, estimated. value of all farm productions, includingaddi- tions to stock, etc., $49,375. Value of manu- factures. $81,300. San Patricio, p. v. and the co. scat of the above co., on Nueces R., 13 mis. N. W. of Cor- pus Christi. San Pedro, p. o. in Pima co., Ariz. Ter. San Pedro, p. o. in Houston co., Tex. San Pete, co.,in Utah Ter., central part. Pop., 6,786; in 1660, 3,815. The Wabsatch Mts. inter- sect the CO. from N. to S. West of this range {jxtends the valley of the San Pete Cr., a trib- utary of the Sevier R. The eastern part i3 traversed by the Green R., and the south- eastern extremity by Grand R. Manti is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 91,443 bush.; rye, 489 bush.; Indian-corn, 3,867 bush.; oats, 9,197 bush.; Irish pot's, 58,655 bush.; butter, 61,887 lbs.; hav, 4,084 tons. Cash value of farms, $24.3,506. Total, es-timated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $242,504. Value of manu- factures, $249,323. San Pierre, p. v. in Stark co., Ind., on the Louisville, New Albanv & Chicago R. R., 8^ mis. S. of La Crosse. Pop., 105. San Qnentin, p. v. in Marin co., Cal., on San Francisco B., 3 mis. from San Rafael. San Rafael, tn. in Marin co., Cal. Pop., 2,695. *San Rafael, p. v. in the above tn. andtheco. seat, on the W, shore of San Pablo B., 16 mis. N. of San Francisco, with which it is conneet- ed bj' a line of steamers. Pop., 841. One news- paper. San Saba, co. in Tex,, W. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 1,425 ; in 1860, 913. Tlie Colorado R. forms the entire N. and E. boundary. San Saba R., an affluent of the same, flows through the central part from W. to E, The surface is rolling and in some parts hilly, and consists chiefly of prairies. Timber is scarce, San Saba 19 the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1.604 bush,; Indian-corn, 49,710 bush,; sweet pot's, 3,187 bush,; butter, 9,862 lbs.: hay, 115 tons. Cash value of farms, $124,561, Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $64,789. Value of manufactures, $4,420. San Saba, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., 90 nils. N. W, of Austin, Pop., 168. San Saba River, a tributary of the Colorado R., in Tex.; rises in Concho co., and flowing E. through McCulloch and San Saba cos., empties below San Saba. San Salvador, tn. in San Bernardino co., Cal. Pop., 560. Santa, p. o. in Jackson co,, Ala, Santa Ana, tn, in Los Angeles CO., Cal. Pop., 1,44.1. Santa Ana, p. o. in the above tn. Santa Anna, co. in N. Mex. Ter., W.N. W. part. Pop., 2,5;)9 ; in 18«)0, 3,572. The eastern part of the CO. is intersected by the Rio Grande, which here traverses a wide valley containing good farm lands, whei'e it can be irrigated. The remainder of the co. is a lofty and arid pla- teau, intersected by the Rio Puerco of the West and the River Torfejon. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 2,975 bush.; Indian-corn, 9,.521 bush. Cash value of farms, $72,097. Total, estimated, value of all farm proiiuctions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $37,032. Value of manufactures, $1,100, Santa Anna, tn, in De Witt co,, 111. Pop., 1,276. Santa Barbara, co. in Cal,, S. W, part. Area about 2,350 sq, mis. Pop., 7,784 ; 1860. 3,543. It borders on the Paciflc Ocean in the W. and S., and on the Santa Maria R. in the N. The Sierra de San Rafael traverses the novtliern girt, and the Santa Inez Mts. the southern, oth ranges trend E. and W. and belong to the system of the Coast Ranges. The Santa Inez 'R. is the principal stream traversing this CO. There is but little timber within it. Some oak, sycamore and willow grow along the water-courses ; the higher parts of the valleys and the mountainsare covered with grass and wild oats, and furnish excellent pasturage the year round. A successful beginning has been made with the cultivation of mulberry trees and the raising of silk worms. Cattle, horse and wool growingare the chief pursuits. Santa Barbara is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: W^heat. ao,200 bush.: Indian-corn, 158,374 SANTA BARBARA. 803 SANTA ROSA. bush.; oats, 514 bush.; Irishpot's, 26,539 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,3.59 busli.; wool, 996,200 lbs.; but- ter, 81,088 lbs.; hay, 8,655 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,323,963. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $847,902. Value of manufactures, $90,007. Santa Barbara, tn. in the above co. Pop., 4.255. •Santa Barbara, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Pacific coast, 90 mis. N. W. of Los Angeles. It is an important trade center, though its harbor is open and unsafe ; surrounded by a fruit-growing and stock- raising region. Pop., 2,672. Three newspapers. Santa Barbara Islands, a group of islands belonging to Cal., comprising San Miguel, San- ta Rosa, Santa Cruz, Ana Capa, Santa Barba- ra, Santa Catalina, San Nicolas and San Cle- mente. They are hilly and so far as known are not productive. Santa Clara, co. in Cal., "W. central part. Area over 1,0.J0 sq. mis. Pop., 26,246 ; in 1860, 11,912. It is bounded on the E. by tlic Monte Diablo Range, and ou the W. by the Santa Cruz Mts. The southern extremity of San Francsico B. belongs to this co. The principal streams are the Guadalupe R. and the Coyote Cr., which emptj- into the bay and traverse a wide val- ley extending between the two mountain cl«ains just named. Much of the land in this valley is exceedingly rich, and produces as much as 75 bushels of wheat to the acre. The cultivation of the grape vine is an important branch of business in the hilly sections. Large quantities of flour and grain are ex- ported. The famous New Almaden quick- silver mines are situated about 13 mis. S. of the CO. seat, San .Jose. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,188,137 hush.; rye, 440 bush.; Indian-corn, 13,084 bush.; oats, 15,134 bush.; Irish pot's, 31,764 bush.; sweet uot's, 100 bush.; wool, 179,465 lbs.; butter, 179,67o lbs.; hay, 45,- 779 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,022,722. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,- 760,125. Value of manufactures, $2,.332,809. Santa Clara, tn. in the above co. Pop., 3,469. *'Santa Clara, p. v. in the above tn., on South- ern Pacific R. R., 3 mis N. W, of San Jose and 47 S. of San Francisco; has delightful surround- ings, and is the center of important trade and manufactures; seat of University of the Pacific (Methodist) and Santa Clara College (.Jesuit), with several other fine schools. It is connected by street railway with San Jose through the celebrated Alameda, a superb avenue lined with willows planted in 1777. Three newspapers. Santa Clara River, in S. W. Cal.; rises in the San Bernardino Mts. of Los Angeles co., flows W. through Santa Barbara co., and empties into Santa Barbara Channel. Santa Clans, p. o. in i!he v. of Santa Fe, in Spencer co., Ind., 10 mis. N. W. of Troy. Santa Crnz, co. in Cal., W. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 8,743; 1860, 4,944. It bor- ders ou the Pacific Ocean and Monterey B., and its eastern boundary is formed by the Santa Cruz Mts. The surface is much broken by nionntains and hills belonging to the sj's- tem of the Coast Ranges. The co. is watered by several small but never-failing streams, which run from the mountains to the ocean. The principal of these are the San Lorenzo, Aptos, Slioquel and the Pajaro, which forms the southern boundary. The popula- tion consists chiefly of emigrants from the New England states. The soil of the valleys is very fertile, and the cereals, leguminous plants and vegetables are extensivelj' culti- vated. Flour, lumber and sliingles are the principal articles of export. Gunpowder and giper are manufactured. Santa Cruz, on the . of Monterey, is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: "Wheat, 115,687 bush.; rye, 75 bush.; Indian-corn, 22,795 bush.; oats, 56,690 bush.; Irish pot's, .34,253 bush.; sweet pot's, 245 bush.; wool, 3,100 lbs.; butter, 120,955 lbs.; hay, 8,664 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,870,890. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $381,- 195. Value of manufactures, $1,646,149. Santa Crnz, tn. in the above co. Pop., 4,436. Santa Cruz, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the N. side of the B. of Mon- terey, 60 mis. S. of San Francisco ; has a growing trade, and is a favorite summer re- sort. Pop., 2,561. One newspaper. Santa Fe, p. o. in Bradford co., Fla. Santa Fe, tn. in Alexander co., 111. Pop., COO. Sante Fe, p. o. in the above tn. Santa Fe, p. v. in Miami co., Ind., 8 mis. S. E. of Peru, the co. seat. Pop., 11.5. Santa Fe, v. in Spencer co., Ind., 10 mis. from Troy. The p. o. is Santa Clans. Santa Fe, p. v. in IMonroe co.. Mo., 17 mis. N. of Mexico on St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R. Santa Fe, co. in N. Mex. Ter., N. «entral part. Pop.. 9,699; in 1860, 8,114. The co. is occupied by tlie principal chain of the Rocky Mts., which trends through the middle of it from N. to S. The north-western corner is intersect- ed by the Rio Grande ; the soutli-eastern gives rise to the Rio Pecos. Tlie valleys of these streams contain fertile bottoms, and aided by Irrigation produce excellent ^rain and fruit crops. Grape culture is skillfully carried on, and the wine manufactured hei-e is of a supe- rior quality. Santa Fe, the capital of the terri- tory, is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 6,314bush.; oats, 127 bush.; Indian-coi-n, 20,262 bush.; butter, 510 lbs.; hay, 490 tons. Ciish value of farms, $218,451. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $99,410. Value of manu- factures, $235,272. Santa Fe, citv, the co. seat of the above co. and capital of N. Mex. Ter., on Chito R., 20 mis. E. of the Rio Grande. Center of supiilies for a large stock-raising region. Pop., 4,765 ; in 1860, 4,608 : in 1850, 4,846. One newspaper. Santa Fe, p. o. in Maurj' co., Tenn. Santa Inez, tn. in Santa Barbara co., Cal. Pop., 1,038. Santa Inez Mountains, one of the Coast Ranges of mountains in Santa Barbara co., Cal.; trend E. and W. parallel to the coast ancl the valley of the Santa Inez R. They contain pks. of over 6.000 feet in height. Santa I.incla Monntalns, in Cal., one of the Coast Ranges ; trend from Point Pinos, on the B. of Monterey, in a south-easterly direction, parallel to tlie sea-coast, through Monterey and San Luis Obispo cos. Santa Margarita, p. o. in San Luis Obispo CO., Cal. Santa Maria River, of Cal.; rises in the Si- erra de San Rafael and has a westerly course, forming the boundary between Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo cos. Its mouth is N. of Point Argnilla. Santaqnin, p. v. in Utah co., Utah Ter., 24 mis. S. by W. of Provo City. Santa Rita, v. in Cameron co., Tex. Santa Rosa, tn.. ih San Luis Obispo co., Cal. • Pop., 1,111. Santa Ro'sa, tn. in Sonoma co., Cal. Pop., 2,898. *Santa Rosa, p. v. and the co. seat of Sonoma CO., Cal., on Santa Rosa Cr. and the San Fran- cisco and Northern Pacific R. R., .57 mis. N. ol San Francisco. Seat of a Methodist College. The place has active trade with awine-gi-ow- ing, agricultural and stock-raising region. Pop., 2.500. One newspaper. Santa Rosa, co. in Fla., N. W. part. Area, 700 sq. mis. Pop., 3,312 ; in 1860, 5,480. This co. lies between Ala. on the N. and Gulf of Mexi- SANTA EOSA. 804 SARPY. CO on the S. It is intersected by Blackwater and Yellow Rs. The S. W. corner is washed hy Pensaeola B. and W. boundary by the Es- cambia R. The surface is mostly level, the soil moderately productive. Milton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Oats, 993 bush.; Indian-corn, 6,87'2 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,887 bush.; cotton, 37 bales; rice, 27,845 lbs.; but- ter, 1,410 lbs. Cash value of farms, $11,1.3.3. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $27,- 700. Value of manufactures, $131,100. Santa Rosa, p. o. in Daviess oo.. Mo. Santee, v. in Covington co.. Miss. Saiitee Ag-ency, p. v. in Knox co., Nebr., on Missouri R., ti mis. from Niobrara. Santee River, in S. C; is formed by the con- fluence of the Congaree & Wateree Rs., at S. E. extremity of Richland district ; flows S. E. and emjities into the ocean through two miouths. It is about 150 mis. long and is navi- gable. Steamboats ascend to Columbia on the Congaree and to Camden on the Wateree. Santiago, tn. in Sherburne co., Minn.' Pop., 1.56. Santiago, p. o. in the above tn. Santuck, p. v. in Union district, S. C, on the Spartanburgh & Union R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of Unionville. Sanval«la, p. o. in Mitchell CO., Ga. San Ysidro, p. o. in Santa Clara CO., Cal. Sapony, tn. in Dinwiddle co., Va. Pop., 2,086. Sappington, p. o. in Anne Arundel co., Md. Sappiugton, p. o. in St. Louis co., Mo. Sarah, p. v. in Blair co., Pa., 8 mis. from Newry. Sarahsville, p. o. in Williamson, 111., 9^ mis. S. E. of Marion. Sarahsville, p. v. in Noble co., Ohio, 6 mis. N. by E. of Caldwell, the co. seat. Pop., 256. Sarahac, tn. in De Kalb co.. 111. *Saranac, p. v. in Ionia co., Mich., on the De- troit & Milwaukee R. R., 7 mis. W. S. W. of Ionia, the co. seat. Pop., 724. Saranac, tn. in Clinton co., N. Y. Pop., 3,802. Saranac, p. v. in the above tn., 17 mis. from Plattsburgh. Saranac Hollo'nr, v. in De Kalb co.. 111. Saranac L.aUc, p. v. in Franklin co., N. Y., 42 mis. from Westport. Saranac River, a tributary of Lake Cham- plain ; is the outlet of the Saranac lakes in the Adirondack Mts., Franklin co., N. Y.; pass- es through Essex and Clinton cos. in a N. E. direction and empties at Plattsburgh into Cumberland B. Sara>>sa, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Ark. Saratoga, p. o. in Santa Clara CO., Cal. Saratoga, tn. in Grundy co.. 111. Pop., 1,233. Saratoga, tn. in Marshall co., 111. Pop., 1,103. Saratoga, p. o. in Randolph co., Ind. Saratoga, tn. in Howard co., Iowa. Pop., 104. Saratoga, p. o. in the above tn. Saratoga, tn. in Winona co., Minn. Pop., 1.058. Saratoga, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from St. Charles. Saratoga, co. in N. Y., E. part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 51,529; in 18G0, 51,729. The Hudson R. forms the eastern anil part of the northern boundary ; the Mohawk R. fonns part of the southern. It is intersected by the Sacondaga R. and several smaller streams, which furnish valuable water-power. Tlie northern part of the co. is occupied by hills belonging to the Adirondack region ; the southern is untlulating or level. The soil is productive. The Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R. passes through the co. Ballston is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1.1,913 bush.; rye, 173,599 bush.; Indian-corn, 381,.i41 bush,; oats, 581,674 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,236,831 bush.; sweet pot's, 84 bush.; cheese, 8:^,277 lbs.; wool, 194,792 lbs.; butter, 1,426,308 lbs.; hay, 83,- 899 tons. Cash value of farms, $21,339,426. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,072,943. Principal products of industry : Cotton goods, $990,006 ; sawed lumber, $794,346 ; and printing paper, .$653,560. Total value of manufactures, $7,387,.542. Saratoga, tn. in the above co. Pop., 4.0.52. Saratoga, tn. in Wood co.. Wis, Pop., 300. Saratoga I>ake, in Saratoga co., N. Y., 5 mis. to the E. of Balston Spa ; i.s 7 mis. long, 2 mis. ■wide, and contains fine flsh. The shores are quite picturesque. Saratoga Springs, tn. in Saratoga co., N. T, Pop., SJhV. *Saratoga Springs, p. v. in the above tn., on Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., at S. terminm of Adirondack Co.'s R. R., 38 mis. N. of Alba, ny. A favorite summer resort, having a great number of mineral springs with a variety of medicinal properties. The main streets are elegantly built up with costly villas ; there are several fine churches and other public buildings. The hotels are large and sumptu- ously furnisjied, the leading structures being thetirand Union Hotel, Congress Hall. Grand Central, Clarendon, American, Continental and Columbian. The favorite springs are the Columbian, Congress, AVashington, Crystal, Pavilion, Seltzer, United States, High Rock, Star, Empire, Excelsior, Eureka, Glazier- Spouting and Geyser-Spouting springs. The surroundings are' all park-like and beautiful. Pop., 7,516, which is swelled in S'Ummer to 25,- 000. Four newspapei'S. Sarber, new co. in Ark., N. W. central part. Area about 600 sq. mis. It is bounded on the N. by the Arkansas R., and intersected by the Hurricane Fork, Petit -lean Cr. and other small aflluents of the Arkansas. The surface is broken and hilly and the soil of the valleys productive. Revilee is the co. seat. Sarcoxie, tn. in Jefferson co., Kans. Pop., 1,876. Sarcoxie, tn. in Jasper co.. Mo. Pop., 1,983. Sarcoxie, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mem. phis, Carthage & Northwestern R. R., 15 mis. S. E. of Carthage. Sardinia, p. v. in Decatur co., Ind., II mis. from North Vernon. Sardinia, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 1,704. Sardinia, p. v. in the above tn., 18J^ mis. from East Aurora. Sardinia, p. v. in Brown co., Ohio, 17 mis. from Hillsborough. Pop., 164. Sardls,p. o. in Mason co., Ky. *Sardls, p. V. in Panola CO., Miss., on the Mis- sissippi & Tennessee R. R., 50 mis. S. of Mem- phis, Tenn. Pop., 900. One newspaper. Sardis, p. v. in Monroe co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 19 mis. below Clarington. Pop., 170. Sardis, p. v. in Westmoreland co., Pa., 11 mis. S. E. of Parnassus. Sardis, p. o. in Fayette co., Tenn. Sardis, tn. in Harrison co., W. Va. Pop., 1,599. Sardis, p. o. in the above tn. Sarecta, p. o. in Duplin co., N. C, on Goshen Cr., 8 mis. E. of Warsaw. Sarcpta, p. v. in Calhoun co., Miss., 15 mis. fi'oin Pittsborough. Sargent, tn. in Douglas co.. 111. Pop., 1,035. Sargent, p. o. (at stale line) in Kans. Sargent, p. o. in MeKean co.. Pa. Sargentville, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., on Penobscot B., 261^ mis. from Ellsworth. Sarpy, co. in Nebf., E. part. Area, 235 sq. mis. Pop., 2,913; in 1860, 1,201. The Missouri R. forms the eastern boundary and the Platte R. the western and southern. The surface is gently irndulating and the soil very produc- tive. The Union Pacific R. R. intersects the northern part. Bellevue is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 95,2.33 bush.; r\'e, 170 bush.; Indian-corn, 231,075 bush.; oats, 91,387 bush.; Irish pot's, 39,578 bush.; butter, 107,6.55 lbs.; hay, 7,465 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,. SARTWELL. 805 SAVANNAH. 820,461. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., 1^479,315. Value of manufactures, $61,550. Sartwell, p. o. In McKean co., Pa. Sarversville, p. v. in Butler co.. Pa., on the Butler Extension of Pennsylvania R. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Freeport. Sarvis Point, p. o. in Webster co., Mo. Sasabi Flat, p. o. in Pima CO., Ariz. Ter. Sassafras, p. v. in Kent co., Md., 7J^ mis. from MiddR-lown., Del. Pop., 281. Sassafras Forlc, p. o. in Granville CO., N. C. Satartia, p. v. iu Yazoo co.. Miss., 15 mis. from Yazoo City. Saticoy, p. o. in Ventura co., Cal. Satsop, p. o. in Chelialis co.. Wash. Ter. Satterfield, p. v. in Mercer co.. Pa., 6 mis. from Mercer. Satter lee's Mills, p. o. in Mecosta co., Mich. Satilla, or Santilla, River, in Ua.; rises in Irwiu CO., flows iu a geueral S. E. direction and empties into the ocean through St. An- drew's Sound. tSattler's, p. o. Comal co., Tex. Saturn, p. o. in AVhitley co., Ind. Saucelito, tn. in Marin CO., Cal. Pop., 731. Saucelito, p. v. in Marin co., Cal., on N. side of entrance to Bay of San Francisco, and 5 m'ls. N. of the city of San Francisco. Pop., 700. One newspaper. Saugatuck, p. o. at Wcstport Station, in Falr- fleld CO., Conn., on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 1]4 mle. E. of S. Norwalk. Saug'atuck, tn. in Allegan co., Mich. Pop., 2,oo8. "Saug-atucfe, p. v. in the above tn., on the E. coast of Lake Michigan, at the mouth of Kala- mazoo R., 21 mis. N. W. of Allegan, the co. seat. Has active trade in lumber, bark and ■wood. Pop., 1,026. One newspaper. Saugerties, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 10,455. Saugerties, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hud- son R. at moiith of Esopus Cr., 12 mis. N. of Kingston, the co. seat. Shipping point for agricultural surroundings. Pop., 3,731. One newspaper. Sang^us, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 2,247. Saugas, p. V. in the above tn., on the Saugus Branch of the Eastern R. R. of Mass., 9 mis. N. of Boston. Here are extensive manufac-. tories of boots and shoes. Sangns Centre, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., on the Saugus Branch of the Eastern R. R. of Mass., 10 mis. N. of Boston. Engaged tn man- ufacture of boots and shoes. Sauk, CO. in Wis., S. central part. Area, 850 sq. mis. Pop., 23,860 ; in 1860. 18,963. The sur- face is rolling and the soil quite productive. It is bounded S. E. and S. by the Wisconsin R., which furnishes extensive motive power. The Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. touches the S. W. corner. Baraboo is the co.seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 487,416 bush.; rye, 24,522 bush.; Indian-corn, 410,710 bush.; oats, 510,125 bush.; Irish pot's, 210,518 bush.; butter, 513,080 lbs.; hay, 29,573 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,277,290. Total, estimated, value of all farm, productions, including additions to £.tock, etc., $1,856,973. Value of manufactures, $787,660. Sank Centre, tu. in Stearns co., Minn. Pop., 1,155. ■"Sauk Centre, p. v. in the above tn., on Sauk R., 45 mis. W. N. W. of St. Cloud. One news- paper, *Sauk City, p. v. in Sauk co.. Wis., on Wis- consin R., 15 mis. S. of Baraboo, the co. seat. Has water-power employed in manufactur- ing. The surroundings are engaged in beet and hop culture. Pop. about 1,000. One news- paper. Sauk Rapids, tn. in Benton co., Minn. Pop., 444. *Saak Rapids, p. v. iu the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the E. bank of Mississippi R. and on the St. Paul & Pacific R. R., 76 mis. N. N. W. of St. Paul and 2 mis. N. of St. Cloud. Pop., 412. One newspaper. Saukvillc, tn. in Ozauliee co.. Wis. Pop.,1,930. Saukville, p. v. in the above tn.,3J^mls. from Ozaukee. Saulsbnrg-h, p. v. in Huntingdon co., Pa., 12 mis. from Huntingdon. Sanlsbnry, p. v. in Bell CO., Tenn., on the Mempliis & Charleston R. R., 6 mis. from Grand Junction. Pop., 400. Sanlt de Saint Blarie, tn. In Chippewa co., Mich. Pop., 1,213. Sault de Saint Marie, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, at the falls of the St. Mary's R. bearing the same name. Sanmsville, p. o. in Shenandoah co., Va. Saunders, co. in Nebr., E. central part. Area, 830 sq. mis. Pop., 4,547. The Platte R. forms the N. and E. boundary and drains it with Waumoe Cr. and other small affluents. The surface consists of rolling prairies, and the soil is highly productive. Ashland is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 55,702 bush.; rye, 360 bush.; Indian-corn, 86,545 bush.; oats, 28,827 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,273 bush.; butter, 41,525 lbs.; hay, 5,730 tons. Cash value of farms, $615,530. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $210,022. Value of manufactures, $32,250. Sannder's Prairie, p. o. in Lewis co.. Wash. Ter. Sannder's Store, p. o. in Sumter district, S. C. SanndersTille, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Providence & Worcester R. R., 9 mis. from Worcester. SanndersTille, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. Saundersville, p. v. in Sumner co., Tenn., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 7 mis. from Gallatin. Pop. about 200. Sauneniin, tn. in Livingston co.. 111. Pop., 974. Sauqnoit, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Utica Division of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 9 mis. from Utica. Pop., 459. Sauvie's Island, p. o. in Multnomah co., Oreg. Savag'e, p. v. in Ho-ward co., Md., 3 mis. from Annapolis Junction. Savanna, tn. in Carroll co.. 111. Pop., 1,236. ^Savanna, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mis- sissippi R., nearlj'^ opposite Sabula, Iowa, and on Western Union R. R. (connecting by trans- fer with Sabula, Ackley & Dakota R. R.), 39 mis. S. W. of Freeport. Pop., 971. ^Savannab, porf of entry, co. seat of Chatham CO. and the chief city oi Ga.; is situated on the S. bank of the Savannah R., 18 mis. from its mouth. Its site is a sandy plateau some 40 feet above the river level, it was first settled iu 1733 by Gen. Oglethorpe, and laid out in wide rectangular streets, running nearly E. and W. and N. and S., every other street passing on either side of handsomely laid out and plant- ed parks or squares from 1]4 to 3 acres in ex- tent. The streets are closely shaded with Pride of India and other semi-tropical trees, which, with the rich foliage of the parks, ren- der the aspect of the city truly novel and beautiful. The water front of the city is cres- cent shaped, about 2}/i mis. in length. Many substantial commercial and manufacturing buildings occupy the quay between the blutfs and the river, their upper stories connecting with the summits by means of platforms. The depth of the city, on the plain above. Is over 1}4 mle. The private residences of Savannah, especially those fronting the 24 parks of the city, are mostly elegant structures. The most conspicuous public buildings are the Custom House, corner of Bull and Bay streets, the City Exchange, Court House, Theater, SAVANNAH. 806 SAYREVILLE. Armory, Arsenal, Jail, St. Andrew's Hall and Chatham Academy. Here are numerous and liberally sustained benevolent institutions, the principal of which are the Union Society for the education of orphan boys, the Female Asylum, Abram's Home for Poor Widows, Savannah Poor House and Hospital, and the Marine Hospital. The most striking churcli structures are the St. John's, Christ's Church, the Independent Presbyterian Church, built of Quincy granite, and the Trinity Church. South of the city limits is a beautiful park containing some 30 acres, known as Forsyth Place. Bonaventure cemetery, some fmir miles from the center of the city, is renowned for its wonderful natural and artistic beauty. Among the literary institutions are the Georgia Historical Society, with a line library ; the Georgia Medical Society, and the Young Men's Library Society. A liberal public school systemhas been'inaugurated, embrac- ing primary, grammar and high schools. Tlie inland commerce of the city is greatly facilitated by its important railroad connec- tions. Savannah is the S. E. terminus of the Central Georgia K. R., connecting it with Au- gusta, Milledgeville and Macon ; the K. E. terminus of tlie Atlantic & Gulf R. R., con- necting it with Jacksonville, Tallahasseeand the cities of Fla.; and the S. W. terminus of the Savannah & Charleston R. R. Besides these, the river is navigable as far as Augusta, a distance of 230 mis. Important as are these communications, the chief commercial advan- tage of the city is its accessible and safe, har- bor. The commerce has increased largely within the last decade. The foreign and coast- wise exports for 1860 aggregated $17,798,922, while for 1870 they aggregated $58,000,000. Dur- ing the year ended June 30, 1872, there were im- ported from foreign countries commodities of $627,410 in value, and there were exported do- mestic goods of $28,246,607 in value, viz.: 1,061 bales of sea-island cotton ($192,183), and 294,473 bales of other cotton ($27,637,634). The com- mercial fleet of Savannah comprised 26 sailing vessels of 1,106 tons, and 16 steam vessels of 6,173 tons. The population of the city, in 1850, was : white, 8,395; colored, 6,917; total, 15,312; in 1860, white, 13,875 ; colored, 8,417; total, 22,292; in 1870, white, 15,166; colored, 13,068; total, 28,- 234 ; 24,564 Of whom were native born and 3,671 foreign born. There are 11 newspapers published in the city, of which the "MoniingNews," "Repub- can " and "Advertiser " are dailies and week- lies. The principal hotels are tlie Pulaski House, Marshal House and Scriven House. Savannah, p. v. in Davis co., Iowa, 10 mis. S. of Bloomfleld. Savannah, p. o. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. *Savannal», p. v. and the co. seat of Andrew CO., Mo., on the Maryville Branch of the Kan- sas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., 13 mis. N. of St. Joseph. Pop., 1,257. Two news- papers. Savannah, p. o. and co. seat of Butler co., JSfebr., on the Platte R., 8 mis. S. W. of Schuy- ler. Savannah, tn. in Wayne co., N. Y. Pop., 1,933. Savannah, p. v. in the above tn., on the Kew York Central R. R., 6 mis. E. of Clyde. ^Savannah, p. v. in Ashland CO., Ohio, 7 mis. from Ashland. Pop., 394. Savannah, p. v. and the co. seat of Hardin CO., Tenn., on the Tennessee R., 22 mis. from Corinth, Miss. Pop., 3'28. Savannah, p. o. in Red River co., Tex. Savannah River, forming the boundary be- tween Ga. and S. C; is formed by the con- fluence of tUe Kiowee, or Keowee, R. with the Tugaloo R., which latter is formed by the Chatuga and Tallulah Rs. The source sti'eama rise in the Blue Ridge. The main stream flows in a south-easterly direction: is about 450 mis. long, and empties into the oceati below the city of Savannah, which is at the head of navigation for large vessels, while smaller crafts ascend as far as Augusta. Saverton, tn. in Ralls CO., Mo. Pop., 1,599. Saverton, p. o. in the above tn. Savill, p. o. in Orange CO., N. Y. Saville, p. o. in Crenshaw co., Ala. Saville, tn. in Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 1,693. Savona, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y ., on the Ro- chester Division of the Erie R. R., 13^ mis. N. W. of Corning. Savoy, p. v. ia Champaign co.. 111., on the Chi- cago Branch of the Illinois Central R. R., 5 mis. N. of Tolono. Savoy, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 861. Savoy, p. V. in the above tn., 114 mis- fi'Oin South Adams. Saw ]>n!4t, p. o. in Columbia co., Ga. Saw Mill, p. o. in Seneca CO., Ohio. Sawplt, p. o. in Plumas co., Cal. Saw-qua, p. o. in Shawnee co., Kans. Sawyer, p. o. in Berrien co., Mich. Sawyer's Bar, p. v. in Klamath co., Cal., on the North Fork of Solomon R., 20 mis. E. of Orleans. Pop., 160. Sawyer's Creek, v. in Niagara co., N. Y. The p. o. is Martinsville. Sawyer's Mills, p. o. in Benton co., Tenn. Sawyersville, p. o. in Hale co., Ala. Sawyersville, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. Saxapahaw, p. ». in Alamance co., N. C. Saxenhnrgh, p. borough in Butler co., Pa., on the Butler Extension of the Pennsylvania R. R., 91^ mis. N. W. of Freeport. Pop., 295. Saxevill'e, tn. in Waushara co., "Wis. Pop., 74(5. Saxeville, p. v. in the above tn., 22 mis. N. "W. .of Berlin. Saxon, p. o. in Henry CO., 111. Saxon, p. o. in Saline co., Nebr. Saxon, p. o. in Meigs co., Ohio. Saxonville, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Saxonville Branch of the Boston & Albany R. R., 6 mis. N. W. of Natick. Seat of im- portant woollen manufactories. Saxton, p. V. in Buchanan co.. Mo., on the Platte R. and Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 6 mis. E. of St. Joseph. Saxton, p. borough in Bedford co., Pa., on the Raystown Branch of the Juniata R. and the Huntingdon & Broad Top Mountain R. R., 24 mis. S. AV. of Huntingdon. The Shoup's Run Bi-anch R. R. connects Saxton with Broad Top City. Pop., 318. Saxion's River, p. v. in Windham co,, Vt., 5 mis. from Bellows Falls. Saybrook, tn. in Middlesex co., Conn. Pop., 1,267. Saybrook, p. v. in the above tn., on Long Long Island Sound ; is the S. terminus of the Connecticut Valley R. 11., 2 mis. S. of Saybrook Junction. It contains a flne hotel and is a favorite summer resort. Saybrook, p. o. in Clay co.. Dak. Ter. *Saybrook, p. v. in McLean co.. 111., on the Decatur &, State Line R. R., 8 mis. "W. of Gib- son City. Pop., 389. Saybrook, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 1,421. Saybrook, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., i% mis. W. of Ashtabula. Saybrook Junction, in Middlesex co.. Conn., at the intersection of the Connecticut Valley R. R. with the New Havon, New London & Stonington R. R., 31 mis. E. of New Haven. Saylor, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,007. Saylorsbnrg:h, p. o. in Monroe co.. Pa. Saylorsville, p. v. in Polk co., Iowa, 7 mis. from Des Moines, I Sayreville, p. o. in Middlesex co., N. J. / SAYVILLE. 807 SCHOOLCRAFT. S»yTille, p. V, in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the South Side (Long Island) K. K., 9 mis. E. of Islip. Pop., 1,200. Scales I>ij?gins, p. o. in Sierra co., Cal. (Scales Mound, tn. in Jo Daviess co., 111. Pop., 748. • Scales Mound, p. v. In the above tn.. on the Illinois Central R. K., U mis. from Warren. Scalp L.evel, p. o. in Cambria co., Pa. Scanibler, p. o. in Otter Tail co., Minn. Scandinavia, tn. in Waupaca co., Wis. Pop., 1,067. Scandinavia, p. t. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Waupaca. Scappoose, p. o. in Columbia co., Oreg. Scarborougrh, p. v. in Scriven co., Ga., on the Central R. R. of Georgia, 9 mis. from Millen. Soarboroug'ta, tn. in Cumberland co., Me. Pop., l,(-9-2. Scarborough, p. V. in Cumberland co.. Me., near Eastern & Maine R. R., 8 mis. from Port- land. Scarborongli, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the Hudson R. and the Hudson River R. R., 4 mis. N. of Tarrytown. Scarborough, p. o. in Anderson co., Tenn. Scarlet's 3Eills, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. Scarsdale, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 517. Scarsdale, p. v. in the above tn., on the New- York & Harlem R. R., 20 mis. from New York. Scenery Hill, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., 12 mis. froni Washington. Schaghticoke, tn. in Rensselaer CO., N. Y. Pop., 3,125. SchaghticoUe, v. in the above tn., on the Hoosac R. and the Troy & Boston R. R., 13 mis. E. of Troy and 1 mle. from Valley Falls. Is a manufacturing town. Schellbourne, p. o. in White Pine co.,Nev. Schell City, p. o. in Vernon co.. Mo. Schell Creefc Mountains, a range in the S. E. part of Lander co., Nev., trending N. andS. Schellsburgh, p. borough in Bedford co.. Pa., 11 mis. W. N. W. of Bedford, the co seat. SchenectAdy, co. in N. Y., E. part. Area about 200 sq. mis. Pop., 21,347 ; in 1S60, 20,002. It extends on both sides of the Mohawk R. and is also drained by the head waters of Norman's Kill. The surface is uneven and rises from the valley of the Mohawk. The southern part is quite hilly. The Erie Canal and the New York Central R. R. pass through the CO. along the Mohawk R.; the Albany & Susquehanna R. R. intersects the southern part. Schenectadv is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 5,00t) bush.; rye, .'iS, 730 bush.; Indian-corn, 103,533 bush.; oats, 233,199 bush.; Irish pot's, 322,902 bush.; wool, 29,393 lbs.; butter, 557,770 lbs.; hay, 35,457 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,115,793. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,326,709. Value of manu- factures, $2,602,845. •Schenectady, city and co seat of the above CO., on the Mohawk R., the Erie Canal and the New York Central R. R., at S. terminus of Schenectady Branch of Rensselaer & Saratoga R.R., 17 mis. N. W. of Albany. The city is one of the oldest settlements in the state. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural district ; its trade is large and active and its manufac- turing interests important, embracing loco- motives, iron ware, machinery, leather, cot- tOii goods, etc. Site of Union College and sev- eral other educational institutions. Pop. in 1850, 8,921 ; in 1860, 9,580 ; in 1870, 11,026. Six newspapers. Schenevus, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., on the Albany & Susquehanna B. R., 5 mis. S. W. of Worcester. Has active local trade. Pop., 549. One newspaper. Schenley Station, p. v. in Armstrong co.. Pa., on the Alleghany R. and the Alleghany Valley R. R., 30>^ mis. N. E. of Pittsburgh. Schererville, p. v. in Lake co., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R, R., 1)4 mis. N. W. of Crown Point. Schleswig, tn. in Manitowoc co., Wis. Pop., 1,718. Schleislngerville, p. v. in Washington co.. Wis., on the Northern Division of the Milwau- kee & St. Paul R. R., 7 mis. N.W. of Bichfleld. Schleursbnrgh, p. o. in St. Charles Co., Mo. Schley, co. in Ga., W. part. Area, 160 sq. mis. Pop., 5,129 ; in 1860, 4,6.33. Cedar Cr., an affluent of Flint R., forms the northern boundary. Bear Ci'. and Muckalee Cr. drain the co. The surface is level and the soil moderately pro- ductive. Ellaville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : AVheat, 3,899 bush.; rye, 312 bush.; Indian-corn, 88,053 bush.: oats, 728 bush.; Irish pot's, 937 bush.; sweet pot's, 19,626 bush.; cotton, 3,657 bales ; rice, 1,540 lbs.; butter, 13,- 987 lbs. Cash value of farms, $697,827. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc. ,$510,430. Value of manufactures, $20,087. Schlichter, p. o. in Bucks co.. Pa. Schnecksville, p. v. in Lehigh co.. Pa., 3ml3. W. of Ironton. Schnellville, p. o. in Dubois co., Ind. Schodack, tn. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Pop., 4,442. Schodack Centre, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. E. of Schodack Depot. Schod-ack Depot, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 1% mis. S. of Albany. Schodack I^andlng, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., on the Hudson R. and Hudson River R. R., 13 mis. S. of Albany. Schoeneck, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 20 mis. N. of Lancaster, the co. seat. Schoffner's Corners, p. o. in Jefferson co., Pa. Schoharie, p. o. in Sac co., Iowa. Schoharie, co. in N. Y., E.part. Area about 650 sq. mis. Pop., 33,340; in 1860, 34,469. The surface is hilly and broken, especially in the south-western part, which is occupied by the extremities of the Catskill Mts. The co. is drained by Schohauie Cr., an affluent of the Mohawk R., by Cobleskill Or., Catskill Cr., and other small streams. The higher portions of the CO. arp moderately fertile and better adapted to grazing than grain growing. The river valleys, however, comprise much very line alluvial soil. The Albany & Susquehanna R. R. intersects the co. Schoharie is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 66,440 bush.; rye, 82,452 bush.; Indian-corn, 113,097 bush.; oats, 750,091 bush.; Irish pot's, 329,498 bush.; sweet pot's, 129 bush.; wool, 126,730 lbs.; cheese, 112,421 lbs.; butter, 2,190,668 lbs.; hay, 95,520 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,- 494,894. Total, estimated, value of all fann productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,834,478. Value of manufactures, $1,281,- 157. Schoharie, tn. in the above co. Pop., 3,207. *Schoharie, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Schoharie R. and Schoharie Val- ley Branch of the Albany & Susquehanna R. R., 40 mis. W. of Albany. A handsome town, with active local trade. Pop., 1,200. Two newspapers. Scholl's Ferry, p. o. in Washington co., Oreg. Schonberg, p. o. in Warren co., Iowa. School, p. o. in White co.. 111. Schoodic Liakes, in Washington co.. Me.; are drained by the Schoodic R., which joins the St. Croix R. about 50 mis. above its mouth. Schoolcraft, co. in Mich., N. part. Area about 1,100 sq. mis. Lake Superior washes the northern border and Lake Michigan the southern. The surface is rough and broken and mostly covered with dense pine woods. Lumbering is the principal occupation. The SCHOOLCEAFT. 808 SCHUYLKILL EIVEE. rivers draining the CO., as the Monistique, Sturgeon, Whiteflsh and others, empty into Lake Michigan, Value of manufactures, $487,000. Scboolcraft, tn. in Houghton co. Mich., Pop., (;u9. Scboolcraft, tn. in £alamazoo co., Mich. Pop., 2,136. Schoolcraft, p. v. in above tn., on the Kala- mazoo Division of the Lake Shore & Michi- gan Southern R. R. at crossing of the Penin- sular R. R., 17 mis. S. of Kalamazoo. The central point of a rich prairie of 25 sq. mis. Pop., 932. One newspaper. Scbooley's Mountain, p. v. in MoitIs co., N. J., 3^/i mls- from Ilackettstown. Near it rises the Schooley's Mountain, 1,100 feet above the sea level; a point of great attrac- tion to tourists on account of its flue scen- ei-y. The v. contains several fine hotels and boarding houses. Scbooley's Station, p. v. in Ross co., Ohio, on the Mai'ietta & Cincinnati R. R., 7 mis. S. E. of Chillicothe. Scbool House Station, p. o. in San Mateo CO., Cal. Scbraalenbnrgb, p. v. in Bergen co., N. J., 2 mis. from Cresskill. Scbroeppcl, tn. in Oswego co., N. T. Pop., 3.987. Scbroon, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 1,899. Scbroon liake, p. v. in the above tn., at the N. end of Schroon Lake. A favorite sum- mer resort. Steamers on the lake connect ■with Riverside on the Adirondack Company's K. R. Pop., 300. Scbroon River, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y. 2934 mis. from Grifflns. Scbroon River, tributary of the Hudson R., in N. Y.; rises in Essex co. and empties in \Varren co. It drains Schroon Lake. Scbultzville, p. o in Dutchess co., N. Y. Schnltzville, p. v. in Luzerne co.. Pa., 7 mis. from Falls. Scbumaker's Store, p. o. in St. Charles co., Mo. Scbuyler, co. in 111., "W". part. Area, 416 sq. mis. Pop., 17,419; in 1800, 14,684. The surface is rolling ; the soil very productive. The Illi- nois R. forms the S. E. boundary, and Crooked Cr. intersects the co. The Buda and Rush- ville Branch of the Chicago, Burlington & Quiucy R. R. passes through it. Rushville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 ; "Wheat, 221,945 bush.; rve, 20,841 bush.; Indian-corn, 440,975 bush.; oats, 119,359 bush.; Irish pot's, 33.784 bush.; sweet pot's, 997 bush.; butter, 213,- 030 lbs.; hay, 13,361 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,429,725. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,250,491. Value of manufactures, $578,- 057. Scbuyler, co. in Mo., N. part. Pop., 8,820 ; in 1860, 6,697. The co. borders on the Iowa state line, and is drained by the Chariton R. and the affluents of Fabius and Salt lis. The sur- face is undulating and comprises prairies and timber lauds in proportion of two to one. The soil is excellent. The Missouri, Iowa & Ne- braska R. R. intersects the co. Lancaster is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 49,727 bush.; rye, 10,399 bush.; Indian-corn, 279,460 bush.; oats, 125,442 bush.; Irish pot's, 28,1.55 bush.; sweet pot's, 125 bush.; tobacco, 22,094 lbs.; butter, 129,451 lbs.; hay, 6,313 tons. Cash value of farms, $l,93;i,5(>8. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $565,135. Value of manufactures, $203,216. Scbuyler, p. o. in Cass co.. Mo. ♦Scbuyler, p. v. and the co. seat of Colfax co., Nebr.; beautifully situated in the valley of the Platte R. and on the Union Pacific R. R., 76 mis. W. of Omaha. Center of trade for sev- eral agricultural cos. One newspaper. Scbuyler, co. in N. Y., S. central part. Area about 320 sq. mis. Pop., 18,989 ; in I860, 18,840. The CO. includes the soiithern part of Seneca Lake, and is drained by tributaries of the lake and of the Conhocton R., an affluent of the Tioga R. The surface is mostly rolling and hilly, and has a general slope from S. to N. The Elmira, •Jefi'erson & Canandaigua Branch of the Erie R. R. intersects the co. from N. to S. Watkins is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 239,803 bush.; rj-e, 21,408 bush.; Indian-corn, 178,074 bush.; oats, .520,160 bush.; Irish pot's, 137,896 bush.; wool, 221,749 lbs.; cheese, 40,579 lbs.; butter, 853,374 lbs.; haj', 42.- 410 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,819,673. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,512,275, Value of manufactures, $1,551,420. Scbuyler, tn. in Herkimer co., N. Y. Pop., 1,558. Scbuyler's Falls, tn. in Clinton co., N. Y. Pop., 1,684. Scbuyler Falls, p. t. in the above tn., 8 mis. fi'om Plattsburgh. Scbuyler's Island, belonging to Essex co., N. Y.; lies near the W. shore of Lake Cham- plain. Scbuyler's I.ake, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 6 mis. from Richfleld. Scbuyler's L.ake, in Otsego co., N. Y.; is drained into the East Branch of the Susque- hanna R. Schuylersville, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., on Hudson R. & Champlain Canal, 20 mis. N. of Troy. An active trading town. Pop., 1,367. One newspaper. Scbuylkill, co. in Pa., E. part. Pop., 116,428 ; in 1860, 89,510. It is bounded on the S. by the Blue, or Kittatinny, Mts., and intersected by numerous parallel ranges trending W. by S. and E. by N., as the Second and Third Mts., Swatara Hill, Sharp Mt., Broad Mt. and Ma- hantango Mt. The principal stream is the Schuylkill, a tributary of the Delaware. It receives many small affluents, each of which drains one of the valleys, separating the ranges named above. The western part of the CO. is drained by Mahantango Cr., Swatara Cr. and other affluents of the Susquehanna. The CO. includes the richest anthracite coal mines in the state, and produced in 1870 3,860,144 tons, $10,289,043 in value. Pottsville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 115,831 bush.; rye, 86,410 bush.; oats, 288,356 bush.; Indian-corn, 267,560 bush.; Irish pot's, 233,636 bush.; sweet pot's, 738 bush.; but- ter, 383,495 lbs.; hay, 33,1.54 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,643,655. Total, estimated, 'value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,212,273. Principal products of industry: Flour, $1,247,834 ; forged and rolled iron, $1,850,501 ; engines and boilers, $685,190. Total value of manufactures, $9,586^14. Schuylkill, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,593. Scbuylkill, p. v. in the above tn., on the Schuylkill Navigation Caiuil and the Phila- delphia & Reading R. K., IJ^ mle. S. E. of PhcenixviUe. Schuylkill, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 1,840. Scbuylkill Haven, p. borough in Schuvlkill CO., Pa., on the Schuylkill Navigation Canal and the PhiladclpliiiiA Reading R. R., and the Mine Hill & Schuvlkill Haven Branch of the Philadelphia & Heading R. R., 5 mis. S. E. of Pottsville. Pop., 2,940. Scbuylkill River, a tributary of the Dela- ware R. in Pa.; rises near Pottsville, in Schuyl- kill CO., flows in a S. E. dii'cction, lireaks at Port Clinton through the Blue, or Kittatinnyj Mts., and empties 5 mis. below the center or the city of Philadelphia, to which point it is navigable for small sloops. The stream flows through a higlily picturesque and fertile country. SCHWEDT. 809 SCOTT. Sctawedt, J i . in Stanton co., Nebr. Sctawenk's Store, p. o. in the v. of Schwenks- ville, in Montgomery co., Pa., on the Pei-kio- men Branch of tlie" Philadelphia 4S; Reading R. R., 15 nils. N. of Pawlings. ScbwenksTllle, v. in Montgomery co., Pa. (See preceding article.) Pop. about 300. Science Hill, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. Sclo, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 2,495. Scio, p. V. in Washtenaw CO., Mich., on Michi- gan Central R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Ann Arbor. Scio, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 1,652. Scio, p. V. in the above tn., on the Genesee R. and the Erie R. R., 3% mis. N. of Wellsville. *Sclo, p. o. in the v. of New Market, in Harri- son CO., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., S4 mis. W. of Steubeuville. Pop. of the V. about 200. Scio, p. V. in Liyn CO., Oreg., 7 mis. from Mar- ion. Sciola, p. o. in Montgomery co., Iowa. Sciota, tn. in McDonough co.. 111. Pop., 1,1.38. tSciota, p. V. in tlie above tn., on the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., 12 mis. from Bushnell. Sciota, tn. in Shiawassee co., Midi. Pop., 1,270. Sciota, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 328. Sciota, p. V. in Clinton co., N. Y., on the Mon- treal & Plattsburgh R. R., 15 mis. from Platts- burgh. Scioto, CO. in Ohio, S. part. Area, G40 sq. mis. Pop., 29.302 ; in 1860, 24,297. The surface is hilly and the soil fertile, especially in the river bottoms. The Scioto R. flows from N. to S. through the center of the co., which is also drained by the Little Scioto R. and Brush Cr. The Ohio R. forms the southern bound- ary. The Ohio & Erie Canal and the Ports- mouth Branch of the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R. pass through the co. Portsmouth is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 85,518 bush.; rye, 180 bush.; Indian-corn, 699,736 bush.; oats, 116,376 bush.; Irish pot's, 81,924 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,282 bush.; butter, 221,304 lbs.; hay, 9,522 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,- 163,879. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, et«., $1,104,920. Value of manufactures, $3,502,- 144. Scioto, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 1,542. Scioto, tn. in Jackson co.,' Ohio. Pop., 1,505. Scioto, tn. in Pickaway CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,545. Scioto, tn. in Pike CO., Oliio. Pop., 772. Scioto, p. o. in the v. of Harrisonville, in Scioto CO., Ohio, 6 mis. from Scioto Furnace. Scioto, tn. in Ross co., Ohio. Pop., 2,318. Scioto, p. V. in Monroe CO., Pa., 12 mis. W. S. W. of Stroudsburgh. Scioto Fur^iace, p. v. in Scioto co., Ohio, on the Portsmouth Branch of tlie Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 9 nils. E. of Sciotoville. Scioto River, one of the principal tributaries ef the Ohio R. in Ohio; rises in Hardin co., near the source of tlie Miami R., flows S. E. to Columbus, where it receives the Olentangy R., and thence flows S. to Portsmouth, where it joins the Ohio, its valley is one of the richest and best cultivated portions of the state. Sciotoville, p. v. in Scioto co., Ohio, on Ohio R. and the Portsmouth Branch of the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 38 mis. from Jackson and 6 mis. E. of Portsmouth. Pop., 480. Sciplo, V. in Franklin co., Ind., 11 mis. from Brookville. Sciplo, p. V. in Jennings co., Ind., on thCfJftidi- son Division of the JetTersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of North Vernon. Sciplo, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 420. Sciplo, tn. in La Porte co., Ind. Pop., 856. Sciplo, p. V. in Anderson co., Kans., on the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., I'Si mis. S. of Ottawa. Scipio, tn. in Hillsdale co., Micli. Pop., 1,107. Sciplo, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,070. Scipio, p. V. in the above tn., 11 mis. from. Au- burn. Scipio, tn. in Meigs co., Ohio. Pop., 1,761. Scipio, tn. in Seneca co., Ohio. Pop., 1,635. Scipio, p. V. in Millard co., Utah Ter., 25 mis. from Fillmore City. Sclplovllle, p. V. m Cayuga co., N. Y., 12 mis. from Auburn. Scitlco, p. V. in Hartford co.. Conn., 6 mis. from Thonipsonville. Scltuate, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop., '2,300. Scltnate, p. v. in the above tn., on Massachu- setts B., 6 mis. from Cohasset. Scitnate, tn. in Providence co., R. I. Pop., 3,S4ei>ot, p. o. in Putnam CO., W. Va. Scott's Hill, p. o. in Henderson CO., Tenn. Scott's lianding, v. in Washington eo., Ohio, on the Ohio R., at junction of Belpreand Mari- etta Branches of the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 4 mis. S. W. of Marietta. Scott's Peak, a high mountain of the Cascade Range, iu Oreg.; lies north of the Klamath Lake. Scott's Station, p. o. in Shelby co., Ky. Scott's Station, p. o. in Harrison co.. Miss. Scottsville, p. o. in Bibb co., Ala. Scottsville, tn. iu Macoupin co., Dl. Poj)., 1,440. Scottsville, p. o. in Floyd co., Ind. Scottsville, p. V. and the co. seat of Allen CO., Ky., 24 mis. S, E. of Bowling Green. Pop., 217. Scottsville, p. v. in Sullivan co., Mo., 22}^ mis. X. of Laclede. Scottsville, p. V. in Monroe co., N. Y., on the Genesee R. and the Genesee Valley Canal, 2 mis. from a station on the Rochester Branch of the Erie R. R. and 2U mis. N. of West Rush. Pop., 119. Scottsville, p. V. in Wyoming co.. Pa., on the Susquehanna R., 2^ m'ls. above Mehoopany. Scottsville, p. o. in Harrison co., Tex. Scottsville, tn. in Albemarle co., Va. Pop., 5,994. *Scottsville, p. V. in the above tn., on the James R. and James River Canal, 18 mis. 8. of Charlotteville. An important shipping point and center of trade. Pop., 388. One newspaper. Scottsville, V. and the co. seat of Powhatan CO., Va., 121/^ mis. from Tomahawk. The p. o. is Powhatan Court House. Scott Town, p. o. in Lawrence eo., Ohio, *Scottville, p. V. iu Macoupin co., 111., 21J4 mis. W. of Virden. Scottville, p. o. in Claiborne parish, La. Scottville, p. o. in Ashe co., N. C. Scranton, p. o. in Osage co., Kans. *Scranton, city in Luzerne co.. Pa., on Lacka- wanna R. and on the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., the Lehigh Valley R. U. and the Lehigh & Susquehanna R. R.: also at S. W. terminus of Delaware & Hudson R. R. and E. terminus of Lackawanna & Bloouisburgh R. R., 147 mis. by rail W. of New York and 165 N. of Philadelphia. The former name of the place was Lackawanna. The city has had a rapid growth, having sprung from an unim- portant village in 1850 to its present com- manding proportions. Its importance is due to its railway facilities, its location amid the anthracite coal fields of N. E. Pa., and to the iron deposits iu the neighborhood — a combination of resources seldom met with in other localities. The trade of the city in coal and mining supplies is immense, and its manu- facturing interests are correspondingly large, embracing iron in its various forms, nia- chiuery and general products. The city was incorporated in 1866, is handsomely laid out with broad streets and contains many beauti- ful private i-esidencesand stores, with various public buildings, among which are 24 churches and 4 academies. Pop., in 1860, 9,209 ; in 1870, 35,092, of which 19,205 were native born and 15,887 foreign born. Here are published 8 news- papers, of which the "Republican," " Times," and " Democrat " are dailies. Scranton Station, p. o. in Greene co., Iowa. Screven, p. o. in Appling co., Ga. Scriba, tn. in Oswego co., N. Y. Pop., 3,005. Scriba, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from Os- wego. Scribner, p. o. in Missoula co., Mont. Ter. Scriven, co. in Ga., E. part. Area about 580 sq. mis.- Pop., 9^175 ; in 1860, 8,275. The co. is bounded on the E. by the Savannah R., on the W. by the Ogeechee R., and drained by Brier Cr. and other small tributaries of the two rivers named. The surface is generally level and the soil moderately productive. Sylvania is the CO. seat. Agr. productions iu 1870: Wheat, 494 bush.; rye, 30 bush.; Indian-corn, 153,242 bush.; oats, 7,629 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,219 bush.; sweet pot's, 30,789 bush.; cotton, 3,086 bales ; butter, 3,406 lbs. Cash value of farms, $395,851. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $985,576. Value of manufactures, $87,925. Scrog'gsfield, p. o. in Carroll co., Ohio. Scrub^rass, tn. iu Venango co., Pa. Pop., 997. Scuffletown, p. o. in Henderson co., Ky. Scuflletown, p. o. in Laurens district, S. C. Scuppernong, p. v. in Washington Co., H. C, • 8 mis. from Columbia. Scyene, p. o. in Dallas co., Tex. SCYTHEVILLE. 812 SEDAN. Scytheville, p. v. in Merrimack CO., N. H., 4 mis. from West Anrtover. Senbeck, p. v. in Kitsap co., Wash. Ter., on Hood's Canal, 25 mis. from Port Madison. Pop., 150. Seaboard, p. v. in Northampton co., N. C, on the Seaboard & Roanoke R. R., 12 mis. from Weldon. fSeaboard, tn. in Princess Anne co., Va. Pop., 3,053. Sea Brig'tit, p. v. in Monmouth co., N. J. Seabrook, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 1,(509. Seabrook, p. v. in the ahove tn., on the East- ern U. R., G mis. N. of Newburyport, Mass. Sea €llff Grove, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. SeafieUI, p. o. in White co., Ind. Seaford, tn. in Sussex co., Del. Pop., 2,609. *Scaford, p. v. in tlie above tn., on Nanticoke R. and Delaware R. R., at E. terminus of Dorchester & Delaware R. R., 7 mis. N. of Delmar and 36 S. of Dover. Engtiged in 05'Ster supply and canning. Pop., 1,304. One news- paper. Seaford, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., on the South Side (Long Island) R. R., 3 mis. VV. of Amityville. Seal, tn. in Pike co.. Ohio. Pop., 1,451. Seal, p. o. in Wyandot co., Ohio. Seal Cove, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., 21 mis. from KUsworth. Seale's Station, p. v. and the co. seat of Rus- sell CO., Ala., on the Mobile & Girard R, R., 19 mis. from Columbus, Ga. Seapo, p. v. and the co. seat of Republic co., Kans., 30 mis. W. S. W. of Washin^on. Searcy, co. in Ark., N. part. Area iujout 870 sq. mis. Pop., 5,614; in ISCiO, 5,271. Thesurface is undulating and in the western part hilly. The soil is productive. The Buffalo Fork of the White R. intersects the co. from S. W. to N. E., and receives several small affluents. Mar- shall is the CO. seat. Agi-. productions in 1870: Wheat, 30,961 bush.; Indian-corn, 263,812 bush.; oats, 11,852 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,715 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,212 bush.; tobacco, 25,008 lbs.; cotton, 2,180 bales. Cash value of farms, $309,501 . To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions. Including additions to stock, etc., $315,320. Value of manufactures, $3,400. Searcy, tn. in Phillips co.. Ark. Pop., 1,375. Searcy, tn. in Cross co.. Ark. Pop., 1,018. *Searcy, n. v. and the co. seat of White co.. Ark., on Little Red R., 55 mis. N. E. of Little Rock and about 3 nils, from line of Cairo & Eulton R. K. Shipping point for extensive cotton-growing surroundings. In the vicinity are sulphur springs, ■which render the place a point of interest to tourists and invalids. Pop., 874. Two newspapers. Searight's, p. v. in Payette co.. Pa., 6 mis. from Uniontown. Sears, tn. in Sierra co., Cal. Pop., 758. Sears, p. o. in Osceola co., Mich. Searsborough, p. v. in Poweshiek co., Iowa, 21 nils. N. of Oskaloosa. One newspaper. Searsbnrgh, p. v. in Schuyler co., N. Y., 17 mis. from Watkins. Searsbtirg'b, tn. in Bennington co., Yt. Pop., 235. Searsbnrg^li, p. v. in the above tn., 16 mis. from Bennington. Searsmoiit, tn. in Waldo co.. Mo. Pop., 1,418. Se»rsinont, p. v. in the above tn.,10mls. from Belfast. Sj;arKi>ort, tn. in Waldo co., Me. Pop., 2.282. *Searsport, p. v. in the above tn., on the Pen- obscot K. , 6 mis. from Belfast. Searsville, p. v. in San Mateo co., Cal., 8 mis. from Redwood City. Searsville, p. o. in' Orange co., K. Y. Sea Si«le, p. o. in Richmond co., N. Y. Sea Wide, p. o. in Accomack CO., Va. Seatoii, p. o. in Favette co., Iowa. 'Seattle, p. V. and the co. seat of King co., Wash. Ter., on the E. coast of Puget Sound and near the mouth of Duwamish R., 45 mis. S. by E. of Port Townsend and 60 mis. N. N. E. of Olympia. Seat of the Territoiial Uni- versity, whose buildings are conspicuous and handsome. Has an active lumber and coal trade. Pop., 1,107. Two newspapers. Seaville, p. v. in Cape May co., N. J., 3 mis. N. E. of South Seaville. Sebogo, tn. in Cumberland co.. Me. Pop., 803, Sebag'o, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. from Gorhani. Sebag'o, p. o. in Linn co.. Mo. Sebago Liake, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., on the Portland & Ogdensburgh R. R., 17 mis. N. of Portland. It is also situated on Sebago Lake, which is about 14 mis. long by 11 wide. It receives Sebago R., and is connected with Portland by the Portland & Cumberland Canal. Sebastian, co. in Ark., W. part, bordering on Ind. Ter. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 12,- 940 ; in 1860, 9,238. The Arkansas R. forms the northern boundary. Several ranges of the Ozark ;Mts. traverse the co. and greatly di- versify its surface. Greenwood is the co. seat- Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 18,518 bush., Indian-corn, 302,019 bush.; oats, 16,084 hush.; Irish pot's, 13,703 bush.; sweet pot's, 25,453 bush.; tobacco, 28,289 lbs.; cotton, 2,215 bales. Cash value of farms, $1,190,008. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,013,071. Value of manufactures, $215,381. Sebasticook River, a tributary of the Ken- nebec R., in Me.; rises in Penobscot co., flows through Somerset co., and empties in Kenne- bec CO. It is about 50 mis. long and affords much water-power. Sebastopol, p. v. in Sonoma CO., Cal., 8 mis. from Santa Rosa. Sebec, tn. in Piscataquis co.. Me. Pop., 954. Sebec, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Dover. Seberg-er, p. o. in Polk co., Nebr. Sebewa, tn. in Ionia co., Mich. Pop., 1,139. Sebewa, p. o. in the above tn. Sebewaing, tn. in Huron co., Midi. Pop., 907. Sebewaing', p. v. in the above tn., on Saginaw B., 31 mis. from Bay City. Sebree, p. o. in Webster co., Ky. Sebree, p. o. in Howard co., Mo. Sechlersville, p. v. in Jackson co.. Wis., 15 nils, from Black River Falls. Secillia, p. o. in Calhoun co., Mich. Second Creek, p. v. in Greenbrier co., W, Va., 14 mis. from White Sulphur Springs. Second t'reek, tn. in Monroe co., W. Va. Pop., 1,222. *Secor, p. V. in Woodford co.. 111., on the To- ledo, Peoria & AVai'saw R. R., 7 mis. from El Paso. Pop., 407. Sedalia, p. o. in Douglas co., Colo. Ter. Sedalia, p. o. in Clinton co., Ind. *Sedalia, city, and co. seat of Pettis co.. Mo., on the Paciftc R. R. of Missouri at S. E. ter- minus of Lexington Branch of same, and at N. E. terminus of Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 64 mis. W. of Jetferson City and 188 AV. of St. I^ouis. It is surrounded by a rich agri- cultural and coal-producing i-egion, and is one of the most important commercial points between St. Louis and Kansas City. The city is built on a beautiful rolling prairie, is regu- larly laid out, and has grown to its pri^sent proportions since 1860. Here are several commodious hotels, flne churclies and other public buildings. It has large general manu- facturing interests. Pop., 4,560. Eight news- papers, of which the "Bazoo," "Democrat" and " Times" are dailies. Sedan, p. o. in Wilcox co., Ala. Sedan, p. o. in the v. of Lawrenceville, in De Kalb CO., Ind., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern K. R., 4 mis. W. of Waterloo City. SEDAN. 813 SENECA. Sedan, p. o. in Scioto co., Ohio. Sedan, p. o. in Hampshire co., W. Va. Seddon, tn. in Bland co., Va. Pop., 828. Sedge's Garden, p. o. in Forsyth co., N. C. SedgewicK, p. o. in Decatui" co., Iowa. Sedgewick, co. in Kans,, S. part. Area, 1,008 sq. mis. Top., 1,095, The surface is nndulat- ing ; the soil fertile. The Arkansas R. tra- verses it from N. W. to S. E. It is also drained by the North Fork of the Nene Squaw R., Cow Skin Cr., and other tributaries of the Arkansas. Wichita is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1S70 : Wheat, 445 bush.; Indian- corn, 6,652 bush.; oats, 1,100 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,290 bush.; butter, 100 lbs.; hay, 6 tons. Cash value of farms, $2f!6,7H0. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $171,797. Value of manu- factures, $18,200. Sedgwick, p. o. in Harvey co., Kans. Sedgwick, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 1,113. Sedgwick, p. v. in the above tn., 23}^ mis. from Ellsworth. Seehorn, p. o. in Adams co.. 111. Seekonk, tn. in Bristol co., Mass. Pop., 1,021. Seekonk, p. o. in the above tn. Seely, tn. in Faribault eo., Minn. Pop., 266. Seely Creek, p. v. in Chemung co., N. Y., 714 mis. from Elmira. Seely ville, p. v. in Vigo co., Ind., on the Terre Haute & Indianapolis R. 11., 7^ mis. E. of Terre Haute. Sefton, tn. in Fayette co.. 111. Pop., 1,227. Sego, p. o. in Perry co., Ohio. *Seguin, p. v. and the co. seat of Guadalupe CO., Tex., on the Guadalupe li., 54 mis. S. by W. of Austin ; in a rich farming district. Pop., 9S8. One newspaper. Sehonie, p. o. and the co. seat of Whatcom co.. Wash. Ter. Seiad Valley, p. o. in Siskiyou co., Cal. Seibcrling ville, p. o. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Seidersii ville, p. o. in Northampton co., Pa. Seigfried's Bridge, p. v. in Northampton CO., Pa., on the Leiiigh Navigation Canal and the Lehigh & Susquehanna R. R., 3 m.ls. N. of Catasauqua. Seislioltzville, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Selali, p. o. in Yakima co.. Wash. Ter. Sclby, t II. in Bureau co.. 111. Pop., 1,497. Selbysport, p. o. in Alleghanj' co'., Md. Selby ville, p. v. in Susses co., Del., II mis. N. of Berlin, Md. Selby ville, p. o. in Upshur co., W. Va. Selden, p. v. in Suffolk co.. N. Y., 4)4 mis. N. of \Vaverly Station. *Selin's Orove, p. borough in Snyder co.. Pa., on the W. bank of the Susquehanna R., on the Susquehanna Division of the AVest Branch & Susquehanna Canal, and on the Northern Central R. R., at intersection with the Lewistown Division of the Pennsylvania R. R., 50 mis. N. of Harrisburgh. In active trade with rich agricultural surroundings. Pop., 1,453. Two newspapers. Selkirk, p. o. in Marion district, S. C. Seller's, tn. in Hardin co.. 111. Pop., 560. Sellersbnrgli, p. v. in Clarke co., Ind., on the JeBersonviile, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 8J^ nils. N. of Jeli'ersonville. Sellersville, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the North Pennsylvania R. R., 31 mis. N. of Phila- delphia. Pop. about 450. Sell's Station, p. v. in Adams co., Pa., on the Littlestown R. R., 4 mis. S. W. of Hanover. *'Selma, city, and the co. seat of Dallas co., Ala., on the Alabama R., 300 mis. from its mouth, and at the E. terminus of the Alabama Central R. R.; S. terminus of the Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R., and W. terminus of the West- ern R. R. of Alabama, 70 mis. W. of Montgom- ery. The city is admirably located for com- merce, and is connected by steamers with Montgomery and all the lower ports on the riyer. Its surroundings are rich and popu- lous, and its trade active. Pop. in 1850, 3,075; in 1860, 3,177 ; in 1870, 6,484, 2,824 of which were white and 3,660 colored. Three newspapers. Selina, p. v. in Drew co., Ai-k., 36 mis. W. S. W. of Napoleon. Selma, p. v. in McLean co.. 111., 3 mis. S. E. of Lexington. Selma, p. v. in Delaware co., Ind., on the In- dianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Colupi- bus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. 11., 6^ mis. E. of Muncie. Selma, p. v. in Wayne co., Iowa, near a branch of the Burlington & Missouri River R. R. and 15 mis. S. W. of Chariton. Selma, v. in Jefferson co.. Mo. Selma, p. v. in Johnston co., N. C, on the North Carolina R. R., 20 mis. from Goldsborough. Selma, p. v. in Clark co., Ohio, on tlie Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 1^ mis. S. W . of London. Selma, p. o. in Bexar co., Tex. Selma, p. o. iu the v. of Jackson's River, in Alleghany co., Va., near the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., and near Covington, the co. seat. Semintimoo, p. o. in Whatcom co.. Wash. Ter. Seminary, p. o. in Ouachita co.. Ark. Seminary, tn. in Fayette co.. 111. Pop., 920. Seminole, p. o. in Carbon co., Wyo. Ter. Sempronlus, tn. in Cayuga Co., N. Y. Pop., 1,165. , Sempronins, p. o. in the above tn. Sempronius, p. o. in Austin co., Tex. Senaehwine, tn. in Putnam co.. 111. Pop., 801. ''^Scnatobia, p. v. in De Soto co.. Miss., on the Great Jackson Route, 44 mis. from Memphis. Pop. about 750. Seneca, tn. in Plumas co., Cal. Pop., 400. Seneca, p. v. in La Salle co.. 111., on the Illinois R. and the Chicago, Rock Island & Paciflc R. R., l(f}i mis. W. of Morris. Seneca, tn. in McHenry eo.. 111. Pop., 1,027. Seneca, p. o. in Crocker co., Iowa. *Seneca, p. v. and tiie co. seat of Nemaha co., Kans., on the Illinois Cr. and St. .Joseph & Denver City R. R.. 77 nils. W. of St. Joseph. In trade with agricultural surroundings. Pop. about 1,500. Two newspapers. Seneca, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Seneca, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 2,396. Seneca, p. o. in the above tn. Seneca, v. in Newton co.. Mo., on the Atlantic & Paciflc R. R., 16 mis. S. W. of Neosho, the co. seat. The p. o. is Shoalsburg. ^ Seneca, p. o. in the above co. Seneca, co. in N. Y., central part. Area about 330 sq. mis. Pop., 27,823; in 1860, 28,138. It is situated between Cayuga Lake and Seneca R. in the E., and Seneca Lake in the W. The northern part is also intersected by Seneca R. The surface is undulating and the soil very productive. The Cayuga & Seneca Canal and the New York Central R. R. pass through the CO. Ovid and Waterloo are the co. seats. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 512,407 bush.; rye, 3,054 bush.; Indian-corn, 420,366 bush.; oats, 627,190 bush.; Irish pot's, 182,704 bush.; wool, 166,416 lbs.; butter, 812,811 lbs.; hay, 37,- 048 tons. Cash value of farms, $18,294,264. To- tal, estimated, value of all fai-m productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,415,736. Principal products of industry: Flour and meal, $709,323 : iron castings, $4O6,.30O ; fire en- gines, $554,800, and woolen goods, $852,187. To- tal value of manufactures, $4,,507,259. Seneca, p. o. in Schuyler co., N. Y. Seneca, tn. iu Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 9,188. Seneca, co. in Ohio, N. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop.. 30,827 ; in 1860, 30,868. The surface is level and gently slopes fi-om S. to N.; the soil is highly productive and well timbered. The Sandusky R. flows through the co. from S. to N. and receives Honey and Greene Crs. The Lake Erie & Louisville R. R. and the Cincin- nati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R. intersect the CO. Tiffin is the co. seat. Agr. produo- SENECA. 814 SEVIER. tionsinlS'O: Wheat, 918,904 busli.; rye, 7,361 bush.; Indian-corn, 641,040 bush.; oats, 605,519 bush.; Irish pot's, 141,819 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,317 bush.; butter, 801,181 lbs.; ha.y, 89,812 tons. Cash value of farms, $17,933,407. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,794,599. Value of manufactures, $1,573,715. Seneca, tn. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop., 982. Seneca, tn. in Monroe co., Ohio. Pop., 1,242. Seneca, tn. in Seneca co., Ohio. Pop., 1,5S3. Seneca, p. v. in Venango CO., Pa., 4 mis. S. of Oil City. Seneca, tn. in Crawford CO., Wis. Pop., 1,233. Seneca, p. o. in the v. of Honey Valley in the above tn., 23 mis. from Prairie du Chien. Seneca, tn. in Green Lake co.. Wis. Pop., 414. Seneca, tn. in Wood co.. Wis. Pop., 293. Seneca Castle, p. o. in the v. of Castleton, in Ontario co., N. Y., 5% mis. from Hopewell. Seneca Falls, tn. in Seneca CO., N. Y. Pop., 6,860. ♦Seneca Falls, p. v. in the above tn., on the Seneca R. and New York Central & Hudson Kiver R. R., 46 mis. W. of Syracuse and 16 W. of Auburn. There are beautiful falls in the river at this point, affording excellent water- power, which is employed in the manufacture of agricultural implements, engines and for general purposes. Pop., 5,890. Three news- papers. Seneca liake, in N. Y.; lies between Schuyler, Yates and Ontario cos. on the W., and Seneca and Schuyler cos. on the E., and is about 35 mis. long and 4 mis. wide. Its surface is 215 feet above that of Lake Ontario, and its depth is so great that it never freezes over. The outlet of Crooked Lake enters Seneca Lake from the W. Seneca River, a branch of the Oswego R. in N. v.; issues from the northern extremity of Seneca Lake, flows N. along the western boundai-y of Cayuga co., and then turns E. through this and Onondaga cos., joining the Oneida to form the Oswego. Seneca River, a small tributary of the Tuga- loo R. in Anderson district, S. C; rises in the Blue Ilidgc of N. C, and has a southerly course. Senecavllle, p. v. in Guernsey co., Ohio, 3J^ mis. S. of Gomber, or Campbells. Pop., 376. Seney, p. o. in Plymouth co., Iowa. Sennet, tn. in CaVuga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,748. Sennet, p. v. in the above tn., near the Syra- cuse & Rochester Branch of the New"iork Central R. R., 5 mis. N. K. of Auburn. Senoia, p. v. in c:oweta co., Ga., on the Savan- nah, GrilHn & North Alabama R. R., 18 mis. E. of Newnan. Trade center for a cotton-pro- ducing region. One newspaper. Sentinel, p. o. in Juneau co.. Wis. Sentinel Prairie, p. o. in Polk co.. Mo. Separation, v. in Carbon co., Wyo. Tcr., on the Union Pacific R. R., 14 mis. W. of Rawlins. Sepulga River, a tributary of the Conecuh R. in Ala.; rises in Butler co., and flowing S. empties in Conecuh co. Sequatchie River, a tributary of the Ten- nessee R. In Tenn.; rises in Bledsoe co., and flowing S. W. empties in Marion co. It tra- verses a very protluctive valley between the Cumberland Mts. on the W., and Wallen's, or Walden's, Ridge on the E. Sequatchie, co. in Tenn., S. E. part. Area about 3-20 sq. mis. Po))., 2,335 ; in 1860, 2,120. The western part of the co. is occupied by the Cumberland Mts.; the eastern by Wallen's Kidge. Between them extends the broad and fertile Sequatchie Valley, wliich is traversed by the tributary of the Tennessee R. which bears the .same name. Dunlap is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 12,472 bush.; rve, 2,035 Ijush.; Indian-eorn, 103,010 bush.; oats, 6,915 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,981 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,ioa Isush.; butter, 31,435 lbs.: bay, 286 tons. Cash value of farms, $382,060. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $150,180. Value of man- ufactures, $19,800. Sequoyah, new co. inKans.; S W.part. Area, 720 sq. nds. The surface is rolling and elevat- ed, and mostly covered with prairies. The Arkansas R. intersects the co. from W. to E. Serbin, p. o. in Bastrop co., Tex. Serena, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,076. Serena, p. o. in the above tn. Serena, p. o. in Stafford co., Va. Sereno, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Serg:eant, tn. in McKean co.. Pa. Pop., 119. Sergeant, v. in the above tn., on the Phila- delphia & Erie R. R., 124 mis. from Lock Haven. Serg^eantBlufls, p. v. in Woodbury co., Iowa, on the Sioux City & Pacific R. R., 7J4mls. S. of Sioux City and near the Missouri R., oppo- site Dakota CO., Nebr. Serg^eantsvllle, p. v. in Hunterdon co., N. J., 3 mis. from Stockton. Service, p. o. in Beaver co.. Pa. Setauket, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., ISJ^mls. from North Isllp. Setzler's Store, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on the Schuylkill R. and the Schuylkill Naviga- tion Canal, 3 mis. from Limerick Station on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R. Sevastopol, p. v. in Kosciusko co., Ind., 10 mis. from Warsaw. Sevastopol, tn. in Door co.. Wis. Pop., 326. Seven Fountains, p. o. in Shenandoah co., Va. Seven Onns, p. o. In Union co., Kans. Seven Islands, p. o. in Fluvanna co., Va. Seven 9Iile, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati, Richmond & Chicago R. R., 7 mis. W. of Hamilton. Pop., 229. Seven Mile Creek, tn. in Juneau co., Wis. Pop., 825. Seven Mile Ford, p. v. in Smyth co., Va., on the Virginia & Tennessee Division of the At- lantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 51 mis. from Wytheville. Pop. about 100. Seven Stars, p. o. in Adams co.. Pa. Seventy-Eight, p. o. in Johnson co., Iowa. Seventy-Six, tn. in Muscatine co., Iowa. Pop., 959. Seventy-Six, tn. in Washington co., Iowa. Pop., 449. Seventy-Six, p. o. in Clinton co., Ky. Scvent.v-Six, p. o. in Beaver co.. Pa. Seven Valleys, p. o. in the v. of Smyser's, in York CO., Pa., on the Northern Central R. R., near Hanover Junction. *Severance, p. v. in Doniphan co., Kans., on the St. Joseph & Denver City R. R., 9 mis. W. of Troy. Sevier, co. in Ark., S. W. part, bordering on Ind. Ter. and Tex. Area about 1,2.50 sq. mis. Pop., 4,492 ; in 18()0, 10,516. The surface is hilly and the soil fertile. The Little R. intersects the eo. from W. to E. and receives Rolling Cr., Cossalot R. and Saline Bayou. The southern boundary is formed by Rea R. Locksburgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,919 bush.; Indian-corn, 123,045 bush.; oats, 2,108 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,823 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,873 bush.; tobacco, 3,367 lbs.; cotton, 2,189 bales. Cash value of farms, $312,220. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including atlditions to stock, etc., $105,773. Value of manufactures, $133,350. Sevier, co. in Tenn., E. iiart. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 11,028; in 1860, 9,122. The lofty IJnaka Mts. form the south-eastern boundary and separate the eo. from N. C. The remain- der forms part of the valley of E. Tenn., Avhich is lioteil for its rich soil. The French Broad R. intersects the northern part of the CO. Sevierville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 63,483 bush.; rye, 1,,575 bush.; Indian-corn, 260,214 bush.; oats, 42,400 SEVIER, 815 SHAKER VILLAGE. Dnsh.; Irish pot's, 9,005 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,308 bush.; tobacco, 13,997 lbs.; butter, 79,135 lbs.; hay, 2,315 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,444,930. Total, estimated, value of all farm proiluctions, including additions to stock, etc., $308,498. Value of manufactures, $31,20-2. Sevier, co. in Utah Ter., central part. Pop., 19. It borders on Colo. Ter., and is intersected by Grand and Green Rs. The Wahsatcli Mis. pass through the co. from N. to S.; "W. of this range is the valley of the Sevier R., from which the co. was named. Richfield Is the CO. seat. Cash value of farms, $2,400. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $725. Sevierville, p. v. and the co. seat of Sevier CO., Tenn., 2o]4 mis* E. of Knoxvllle. Pop., 159. Seville, tn. in Gratiot co., Mioh. Pop., 575. Seville, p. o. in Fulton co., 111. Seville, p. v. in Medina co., Ohio, near the Atlantic & Great "Western R. R., at crossing of Lake Shore & Tuscarawas Valley R. R., 25 mis. W. S. W. of Akron and 10 mis. S. of Me- dina, the CO. seat. Pop., 597. One newspaper. Seville, p. o. in Madison co., Va. *Sewanee, p. v. in Franklin co., Tenn., on the Tennessee Coal R. R., 3 mis. E. of Tunnel. Seward, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ga. Seward, tn. in Kendall co., Ul. Pop., 944. Seward, tn. in Winnebago co.. 111. Pop., 997. Seward, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 1,353. Seward, new co. in Kans., S. "W. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. It is bounded on the S. by Ind. Ter., lias a rolling prairie surface and is drain- ed by affluents of the Cimarron R. Seiva'rd, co. in Nebr., E. central part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 2,953. The co. has an undu- lating surface and a very productive soil. It is drained by the Big Blue R. and its tributa- ries, and intersected by the Midland Pacific R. R. Seward is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, .58,579 bush.; Indian-corn, 58,637 bush.; oats, 31,620 bush.; Irish pot's, 18,- 488 bush.; sweet pot's, 26 bush.; butter, 35,601 lbs.; hay, 5,205 tons. Cash value of farms, $781,460. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $286,417. Value of manufactures, $109,- 605. Seward, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,207. *Seward, p. v. and co. seat of Seward co., Nebr., at present the W. terminus of the Mid- laud Pacific R. R., 35 mis. W. by N. of Lincoln, the state capital. Has fine water-power and enjoys a growing trade with agricultural svirrbundings. Pop., inclusive of tn., 1,207. Two newspapers. Seward, tn. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Pop., 1,765. Seward, p. o. in the above tn. Sewee, p. o. in Meigs co., Tenn. Sewell, tn. in Fayette Co., W. Va. Pop., 1,333. Sewellsville, p. v. in Belmont co., Ohio, S14 mis. N. of Fairview. Pop., 73. Sewiclily, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 443. Sewiclily, p. borough in the above tn., on the Ohio R. and the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 13 mis. N. W. of Pittsburgh., Pop. 1,472. SewicUly, tn. in Westmoreland co.. Pa. Pop., 2,372. Sexton's Creek, p. o. in Clay co., Ky. Sextonville, v. v. in Richland co., Wis., 11 mis. N. N. W. of Lone Rock. Seymore, tn. in La Fayette co., "Wis. Pop., 419. Seymour, tn. in New Haven co.. Conn. Pop., 2,122. •Seymour, p. v. in the above tn., on the Nan- gatuck R. R., 5}4 mis. N. of Derby. It has manufactures. Seymour, p. o. in Champaign co., 111. 'Seymour, p. v. in Jackson co., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. at crossing Of the Jeffersonville, JIadison & Indianapolis R. R., 53 mis N. of Louisville ; has extensive manu- factories and an active trade. Pop., 2,372. Three newspapers. Seymour, p. v. in Wayne co., Iowa, on the Southwestern Branch "of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 15 mis. W. of Center- ville. Seymour, p. o. in Hart co., Ky. Seymour, p. v. in Allegany co., N. Y., 2 mis. from Cuba. Seymour, tn. in Outagamie co., Wis. Pop., 251. Seymour, p. o. in the above tn. Seymoursville, p. o. in Grant co., W. Ta. Shabbona, tn. in De Kalb co.. 111. Pop., 1,205. Shabbona, v. in De Kalb co.. 111., on the Chicago & Iowa R. R. at junction with Chica- go & Northwestern R. R., 69 mis. W. of Chi- cago. Pop. about 50. Shabbonas Grove, p. v. in De Kalb co., HL^ 4 mis. S. E. of Shabbona. Shabonier, p. v. in Fayette co.. 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 6UC mis. S. of Vandalia. Pop., 143. Shackelford, co. in Tex., N. N. W. part. Area, .500 sq. mis. Pop., 455 ; in 1860, 44. The surface is rolling ; the soil fertile. Clear Fork of the Brazos R. intersects the N. E. corner and drains the co. with many small affluents. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 400 bush. Cash value of farms, $480. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, inclucl- ing additions to stock, etc., $200. Shackelford, p. o. in Henderson CO., Tex. • Shack's 9Iills, p. o. in Buchanan co., Va. Shade, p. o. in Athens co., Ohio. Shade, tn, in Somerset co., Pa. Pop., 1,287. Shade Furnace, p. o. in Somerset co., Pa. Shade Gap, p. v. in Huntingdon co., Pa., 17 mis. S. of Mount Union. Shade IVIills, p. o. in Alleghany co., Md. Shadesville, p. o. in Grant co., Ind. Shade Valley, p. o. in Juniata co.. Pa. Shadeville, p. v. in Franklin Co., Ohio, on the Ohio & ErieCanal, 12 mis. from Columbus. Pop., 124. Shadwell, p. V. in Albemarle co.,Va.,on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 4 mis. E. of Char- lottesville. Pop. about 50. Shady, p. o. in Johnson co., Tenn. Shady I>ale, p. o. in Jasper co., Ga. Shady Grove, p. o. in Taylor co., Fla. Shady Grove, p. o. in Crittenden co., Ky. Shady Grove, p. o. in Washington parish. La. Shady Grove, p. o. in Jasper co.. Miss. Shady Grove, p. v. in Franklin co.. Pa., 3 ml.s. from Greencastle. Shady Grove, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Shady Hill, p. o. in Henderson co., Tenn. Shady Plain, p. o. in Arinstrong co.. Pa. Shady Run, p. o. in Placer co., Cal. Shady Spring-, tu. in Raleigh co., W. Va. Pop., Gm. Shady Spring-, p. o. in the above tn. Shady Springs, p. o. in Ashe co., N. C Shaefferstown, p. v. in Lebanon co.. Pa., 8 mis. from Lebanon. Pop., 636. Shaff 's Bridge, p. o. in the v. of Mineral Point Junction, in Somerset co.. Pa , on the Pittsburgh, Washington & Baltimore R. R., 101 mis. from Pittsburgh. Shaftsbury, tn. in Bennington co., Vt. Pop., 2,027. Shaftsbury, p. v. in the above tn, 2% mis. from Shaftsbury Station on the Harlem Ex- tension R. K. and 44 mis. S. of Rutland. In the vicinity are extensive naarblo quarries. Shakarag,'v. in Henry co., Ga. Pop., 4'2S. Shakers, p. v. in Albany co., N. Y., 8 mis. N. W. of Albany ; engaged in horticulture and manufacturing. One newspaper. Shaker Village, p. v. in Merrimack co., X. H., 1^ mis. from Canterbury Station. SHAKER VILLAGE. 816 SHARON. Sbnker Villag'e, v. In Columbia CO., N. Y., 1 mlc. S. of Kew Lebanon. The p. o. is Mount Lebanon. Staakleford's, p. v. in King and Queen co,, Va., .5 nils, from West Point. Sbakopee, tn. in Scott co.. Minn. Pop., 1,263. 'Sliakopee, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the S. bank of the Minnesota R. and on the St. Paul & Sioux City li. R., at cros- sing of tlie Hastings & Dakota R. R. and Min- neapolis & St. Louis R. R., 28 mis. S. W. of St. Paul. Location of railroad machine shops, has general manufactories and is center of trade for a large farming district. Pop., 1,349. One newspaper. Shaler, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 1,473. Shaler's Mills, p. o. in the v. of Ankenytbwn, in Knox co., Ohio, on the Lake Erie Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 11}4 mis. N. of Mount Vernon. Shalersville, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. Pop., 977. ShalersTille, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Mantua. Shallow Ford, p. o. in Anderson district, 8. C. Staall's Mills, p. o. in Watauga co., N. 0. Shalottc, p. o. in Brunswick co., N. C. S>liainbliiig:'s Mills, p. o. in Roane CO., W. Va. ^Shambnrg', p. v. in Venango co.. Pa., 2 mis. E. of Meredith on the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., 33 mis. S. of Corry. Shainokin, tn. in Northumberland co.. Pa. Pop,, 2,2.S-2. *Sliainokin, p. borough in Northumberland CO., on tlie Treverton & Sharaokin R. R., the Sbamokin Branch of the Northern Central R. R. and the Entcrpise Branch of the Philadel- phia & Reading R. R., 18 mis. S. E. of Sunbury. It is the seat of an active mining trade, be- ing located in the midst of the Shamokin coal field, whose veins are among tlie thickest and purest in the whole anthracite region. Pop., 4,320. One newspaper. Sliamokin ]>ain, p. v. in Snyder co.. Pa., on the Susquehanna R. and the Susquehanna Division of the West Branch & Susquehanna Canal, 2 mis. S. W. of Sunbury. Sbamoii^, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 1,149. Staamon^, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Jersey Southern R. R., 10 mis. E. N. E. of Fruitiand. Shamrock, p. o. in Concordia parish. La. Shamrock, p. o. in Callaway co.. Mo. Shanandoah, p. o. in Richland co., Ohio. Shandakcn, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop., 2,7.')1. Shandakcn, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York, Kingston & Syracuse R. R.,33 mis. N. W. of llondout and 29 mis. N. W. of Kingston. Pop about 100. Shaiidsville, p. o. in Pope co.. 111. Shane, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Shane's €rossin$!:s, p. v. in Mercer co., Ohio, 14 mis. from Van Wert. Pop., 246. Shanesville, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio 12 inls. from New Philadelphia. Pop., 360. Shanesville, p. o. in Berks CO., Pa. Shanprhai, p. o. in Howard eo., Ind. Shang'hai, p. o. in Berkeley co., W. Va. Shanghai, v. in Jelf'erson co., Ohio. Pop., 76. Shanksville, p. v. in Somerset co.. Pa., 26 mis. S. of Johnstown and 13 mis. N. of Berlin. Shannoek Mills, p. v. in Washington co., R. 1., on the Stonington & Providence R. R., 32 mis. from Providence. Shannon, tn. in Carroll co.. 111. Pop., 1,102. 'Shannon, p. v. in the above tn., on the West- ern Union R. R., 14 mis. S. W. of Freeport. Pop., <)3.5. Olio newspaper. Shannon, tn. in Atchison CO., Cans. Pop., l,:wi. Shannon, tn. in Pottawatomie co., Kans. Pop., 81-:. Shannon, p. o. in Mason co., Ky. Shannon, p. v. in Lee co.. Miss., on the Mo- bile & Ohio R. R., 8 mis. N. of Okolona. Pop. about 300. Shannon, CO. in Mo., S. E. part. Pop., 2,339; in 1860, 2,284. It is drained by Current R. and its many small tributaries. The surface is hilly and consists mostly of fine forests. Eminence is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 7,243 bush.; rye, 289 bush.; In- dian-corn, 104,725 bush.; oats, 7,496 bush.; Ii-ish pot's, 4,724 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,685 bush.; to- bacco, 9,045 lbs.; butter, 25,129 lbs. Cash value of farms, $216,205. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $121,813. Value of manufactures, $11,. 580. Shannondale, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ind. Shannondale, p. v. in Clarion co., Pa., 26 mis. N. E. of OiTsville. Shannon Hill, p. o. in Goochland co., Va. Shannonville, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., 5 mis. from Norristown. Shapleig'h, tn. in Y'ork CO., Me. Pop., 1,087. Shaplcigh, p. V. in the above tn., 12 nils, from Alfreil. Shappard, p. o. in Haywood co., Tenn. Shark River, p. v. in Monmouth co., N. J., 3 mis. from New Bedford. Sharon, tn. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Pop., 2,441. Sharon, p. v. in the above tn., 214 rn'8- ^- of Sharon Station, N. Y. It has manufactories of carriages and woollen goods. Sharon, p. o. in Taliaferro -co., Ga. Sharon, tn. in Fayette eo., 111. Pop., 1,663. Sharon, p. o. in Henry CO., 111. Sharon, p. o. in Delaware co., Ind. Sharon, p. o. in Warren co., Iowa. Sharon, tn. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Pop., 66L Sharon, tn. in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,152. Sharon, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,120. Sharon, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 1,508. Sharon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston 6 Providence R. R., 17 mis. from Boston. Sharon, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,087. Sharon, tn. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Pop., 924. Sharon, p. o. in Le Sueur co., Minn, Sharon, p. o. in Madison co.. Miss. Sharon, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Pop., 182. Sharon, tn. in Schoharie co., N. Y''. Pop., 2,648. Sharon, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Sharon Springs. Sharon, tn. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,227. Sharon, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. from Beverly. Sharon, tn. in Franklin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,480. Sharon, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop., 1,131. Sharon, tn. in Richland CO., Ohio. Pop., 2,762. *Sharon, p. borough in Mercer co.. Pa., on Shenango R., the Beaver & Erie Canal, and Erie & Pittsburgh R. R., at E. terminus of Mahoning Division of Atlantic & Great West- ern R. R., 71 mis. N. by W. of Pittsburgh, and 77 mis. S. of Erie. Seat of an active coal-min- ing trade and of several iron manufactories. Pop., 4,221. Three newspapers. Sharon, tn. in Potter co.. Pa. Pop., 958. Sharon, v. in Tijiton co., Tenn. Sharon, tn. in AVindsor co., Vt. Pop., 1,013. Sharon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Central Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 1^ nils. N. W. of AVliito River Junction. Sharon, tn. in Bland co., Va. Pop., 939. Sharon, p. o. in the above tn. Sharon, p. o. in Chchalis CO., Wash. Ter. Sharon, tn. in AValworth co., Wis. Pop., 1,865. *Sharon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Wiscon- sin Division of the Chicago and North West- ern R. R., 71 mis. N. W. of Chicago and 15 mis. S. W. of Elkhorn, the co. seat. Center of an agricultural and dairying district. One news- iiaper. laron, tn. in Portage co., W^is. Pop., 948. SHAEON CENTRE. 817 SHAWANGUNK. Sbaroii Centre, p. v. In Schoharie CO., N. Y., 3 mis. from Sharon Springs. Sbaron Centre, p. v. in Medina co., Ohio, 6 mis. from Wadsworth. Sharon Centre, p. o. in Potter co., Pa. Sharon tJrove, p. o. in Todd co., Ky. Sharon Hill, p. o. in Delaware co.. Pa. Sharon Springs, p. v. in Schoharie co., N. Y., on the Albany & Susquehanna R. R., 59 mis. from Albany. It has sulphur springs, which are much resorted to by invalids. Pop., 520. Sharon Station, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the New Vork & Harlem R. R., 88 mis. N. of New York. Sharon Valley, p. o. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Sharonville, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, 6 mis. from Glendale. Sharonville, v. in Pike co., Ohio. (See Ome- Sharp Creek, tn. in McPherson co., Kans. Pop., 199. Sharpe, co. in Ark., N. pai-t. Area about 750 sq. mis. Pop., 5,400. The W. part of the co. is slightly undulating ; the eastern mostly level and very productive. Several small tributaries of the Black R. intersect the co. from the N. W. to the S. E. Evening Shades is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 13,44;J bush.; Indian-corn, 200,090 bush.; oats, 13,447 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,951 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,709 bush.: cotton, 1,046 bales; tobacco, 3,116 lbs. Cash value of farms, $365,760. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $460,255. Value of manufactures, $23,600. Sharpsbnrgh, p. o. in Cross co.. Ark. Sharpsburg'h, p. v. in Coweta co., Ga., on the Savannah, Griffin & North Alabama R. R., 10 mis. E. of Newnan. Sharpsbnrg^h, p. v. in Christian co., HI., on the Springfield & Illinois Southeastern R. R., 514 mis. N. W. of Taylorsvllle. Sharpsburg'h, p. v. in Bath co., Ky., 8 mis. from Mount Sterling. Pop., 319. ♦Sharpsburgh, p. v. in W ashington co., Md., 3 mis. from Iveedysville. Pop., 1,001. Sharpsbnrgh, p. o. in Nash co., N. C. Sharpsburg'h, p. borough in Alleghany co., Pa., on the W. bank of the Alleghany R., the Alleghany ^'alley R. R. and the Western Pennsylvania Division of the Pennsylvania R. R., 5 mis. N. of Pittsburgh. Engaged in boat building and general manufacturing. Pop., 2,176. Sharp's Chapel, p. o. in Union co., Tenn. Sharp's Creeh, p. o. in McPherson co., Kans. Sharp's Cross Roads, p. o. in Independence CO., Ark. Sharp's Mills, p. o. in Harrison CO., Ind. Sharpsville, p. v. in Tipton co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R., 7 mis. N. of Tipton. Sharpsville, p. o. in Washington co., Ky. Sharpsville, p. v. in Mercer co., Pa^ on She- nango R. and Erie & Pittsburgh R. R., 3 mis. S. of Sharon. Pop. about 500. One newspa- per. Sharptown, p. v. in Wicomico co., Md., 10 mis. from Laurel, Del. Sharptown, p. v. in Salem co., N. J.,5 mis. from Yorktown. Pop., 296. Shartlesville, p. v. in Berks co.. Pa., 7J^ mis. from Hamburgh. Shasta Butte, or Mount Shasta, is one of the highest peaks in our country, and lies in Sis- kiyou co.,Cal.,at the junction of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade >lts. It reaches an alti- tude of 14,444 feet, and is at all seasons of the year covered with snow for 4,000 to 5,000 feet below its summit. Up to an altitude of 7,000 feet the flanks of this mountain ai-e covered with heavy forests of sugar and pitch pine. At 8,000 feet forest trees disappear altogether, and a few stunted shrubs struggle for ex- 52 istence to the height of about 9,000 feet, above which and below the snow line there is a belt almost destitute of vegetation. At aa elevation of 13,240 feet thex-e is a rudely circu- lar and nearly level space, evidently the bottom of an ancient crater, one side of which having been broken away, a portion of its rim still remains, forming the summit of the mountain. On this level area there are a number of orifices, from which steam, and sulphurous gases constantly escape. The outline of Mt. Shasta, from whatever side viewed, presents a nearly regular cone, with, slopes of from 2S to 31 degrees inclination. Shasta, co. in Cal.; N. part. Area, 4,135 oq. mis. Pop., 4,173 ; in 1860, 4,360. The surface i« greatly diversified by mountains, plains and valley's. The main range of the Sierra Ne- vada traverses the E. part, and numerous spurs branch from it in a westerly direction. The higliest peaks are Lassen's, Crater, Ma- gee ancl Burney's. A chain of the Coast Ranges forms the W. boundary of the co., and the central part includes the most north- erly section of the low plain which is tra- versed by the Sacramento R. This stream flows from N. to S., and receives numerous tributaries, the largest of which are Pitt R., Cow Cr., Battle Cr., Clear Cr. and Cottonwood Cr. Many of the valleys contain extensive bottom-lands, while others are devoid of allu- vial deposits. The climate of the valleys is very mild, and not only the hardier fruits of the North but the fig, pomegranate, almond, and other semi-tropical plants thrive in the open air. Tobacco, wheat, barley and oats are the principal products. Some gold is ob- tained by hydraulic mining. Shasta is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 29,569 bush.; rye, 143 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,455 bush.; oats, 2,227 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,748 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,735 bush.; wool, 15,820 lbs.; but- ter, 80,150 lbs.; hay, 5,034 tons. Cash value of farms, $324,973. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $299,628. Value of manufactures, $192,518. ^Shasta, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on the Sacramento R., 180 mis. N. of Sac- ramento. A mining town and center of supr plies for the rich mineral regions to the N.. Pop. about 800. One newspaper. Shattuckville, p. o. in Franklin co., Mass.. Shauck's, p. v. in Morrow co., Ohio, 11 nils, from Gallon. Shanniburgh, tn. in Cook co.. 111. Pop., 931. Shauniburgh, ]3. o. in the above tn. Shaver's Creek, p. o. in the borough of Petersburgh. in Huntingdon co.. Pa., on the Juniata R., Pennsylvania Canal and Pennsyl- vania R. R., G]4 mis. N. W. of Huntingdon. Pop., 381. Shavertofvn, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. Shawan, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Shawano, co. in Wis., E. part. Area, 1,260 sq. mis. Pop., 3,166; in 1860, 829. The surface is undulating; the soil is good. Wolf R. and Oconto R. pass through theco. southward. A small lake is situated in the S. E.part. Shawa- no is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 27,272 bush; rye, 3,144 bush.; Indian- corn, 7,996 bush.; oats, 27,631 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,273 bush.; butter, 20,970 lbs.; hay, 1,634 tons. Cash value of farms, $352,425. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $137,633. Value of manufactures, $65,620. Shawano, tn. in Shawano co.. Wis. Pop., 293. Shawano, p. v. in the above tn. and the co.. seat, on Wolf R., 35 mis. N. W. of Green Bay.. Lumbering is the principal industry. Two newspapers. Shawangunk, tn. in Ulster co., N. Y. Pop- 2,823. Shawangnnk, p. y. in the above tn., on tbe SHAWANGUNK MOUNTAINS. 818 SHELBURNE. Montpromery & Walkill Valley Branch of the Eric K. K., 3 mis. N. of Walden, N. J. Sbawan^^ank SKonntalns, a range in N. J. and N. Y. (See these.) Shawan^nnk River, a tributary of the Wall- kill R., in X. Y.; rises in Ulster co. and emp- ties 15 mis. W. S. W. of Poughkeepsle. Bhawhaii, p. v. in Bourbon co., Ky., on the Kentucky Central R. R., 7 mis. from Cynthi- ana. Shawnee, tn. in Fountain co., Ind. Pop., 867. Shawnee, co. in Kans., E. part. Area, 380 sq. mis. Pop., 13,121 ; in 1860, 3,513. The surface is level ; the soil very productive. The Kansas K. intersects the co. from E. to W". Tlie Atchi- Bon, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R. and the Kansas Pacific R. R. pass through it. Topeka is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 46,726 bush.; rye, 910 Oush.; Indian-corn, 602,475 bush.; oats, 60,853 bush.; Irish pot's, 84,656 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,129 bush.; butter, 238,005 lbs.; hay, 19,122 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,485,760. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $764,228. Value of manufactures, $798,- 394. Shawnee, tn. In Cherokee co., Kans. Pop., 894. Shawnee, tn. in Johnson co., Kans. Pop., 2,451. Shawnee, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mis- souri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R. and the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., 9 mis. from Kansas City, Mo. Shawnee, tn. in Wyandotte co., Kans. Pop., 1,243. Shawnee, tn. in Cape Girardeau co., Mo. Pop., 1,676. Shawnee, p. o. in Niagara co., N. Y. Shawnee, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop., 1,169. Shawnee, p. v. in Perry co., Ohio ; at present S. terminus of StraitsVille Brancli of Balti- more <& Ohio R. R., ^i mis. S. by E. of Newark. Shawnee, p. v. in Monroe co.. Pa., 2 mis. E. of Exi)iM'iment Mills. Shawnee 9Ionnd, p. v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., 15 Tuls. from La Fayette. Shawnee Hlonnd, p. v. in Henry co.. Mo., 13 nils. N. of Clinton. ♦Shawneetown, p. v. and the co. seat of Gal- latin CO , 111., on the Ohio R., at S. E. terminus of the Springfield & Illinois Southeastern R. R. and Shawneetown Division of the St. Louis & Southeastern R. R., 9 mis. below the mouth of the Wabash R. and 120 mis. above Cairo. In active commerce with the towns on the river above and below. Shipping point for the pro- ducts of a large section, and has large inter- ests in milling, pork packing and general manufacturing. Pop., 1,309. Thi-ee newspa- pers. Shawneetown, p. o. in Cape Girardeau co., Mo. Shawn's Cross Roads, p. o. in Johnson co., Tenn. Shaw's Flat, p. v. in Tuolumne co., Cal., 2 mis. from Sonora. Shaw's T..andlner, p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa. Shaw's Mills, p. o. in Guilford co,, N. C. Shawsville, p. o. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Shawsville, p. o. in Montgomery CO., Va. Sbawswlck, in. in Lawrence co., Ind. Pop., 2,.5(;0. Bhawver's Mills, p. o. in Tazewell co., Va. Slieakleyvllle, p. borough in Mercer co., Pa., 3 nils. N." E. of Hadley. Pop., 273. Shearer's Cross Roads, p. o. iu Westmore- land CO., Pa. Shebaiice, tn. in Iroquois co.. 111. Pop., 2,530. Sheboygan, co. in Wis., E. part. Area, 750 sq. mis. Pop., 31,749; in 1860, 26,875. The surface is even and the soil good. A very good quality of limestone is found in the co. It is well watered by the Sheboygan, Mullet and Onion Rs.,which intersect it from W. to E. and flow into Lake Michigan, -which Is the E. boundary. Tha Sheboygan & Fond du Lac R. B. intersects the central part of the co. from W. to E. Sheboy- gan is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 604,431 bush.; rye, 93,165 bush.; Indian- corn, 75,198 bush.; oats, 418,083 bush.; Irish pot's, 138,786 bush.; butter, 710,010 lbs.; hay, 39,351 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,929,086. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,077,- 812. Value of manufactures, $1,809,803. Sheboygan, tn. in tlie above co. Pop., 6,714. 'Sheboyeran, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Lake Michigan, at the mouth of She- boygan R. and at E. terminus of Sheboygan & i'ond du Lac R. R. and N. terminus of She- boygan Division of Milwaukee, Lake Shore * Western R. R., 43 mis. E. of Fond du Lac and 62 mis. N. of Milwaukee. It has commercial connection with the lake ports, is the center of an active trade in lumber and seat of a large general manufacturing interest. Pop., 5,310. Five newspapers. Sheboygan Falls, tn. in Sheboygan co., Wis. Pop., 3,223. Sheboygan Falls, p. v. in the above tn., on Sheboygan R. and the Sheboygan & Fond du Lac R. R., 5 mis. from Sheboygan. It is a flourishing place, with good water-power and several mills. Pop., 1,174. Shedds', p. o. in Linn co., Oreg. Shed's Corners, p. v. in Madison co., N. Y., 14 mis. from Eaton. Sheenwater, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Sheepscott Bridge, p. v. in Lincoln CO., Me., 5 mis. from Wiscasset. Sheepscott River, in Me.; rises in Kennebec CO., and flows S. through Lincoln co., and empties into Sheepscott B. Sheflicld, p. o. in Fayette co., Ala. Sheffield, v. in Greene co.. 111., on the Rock- ford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 5 mis. S. of Greenfield. The p. o. is Rockbridge. ♦Sheffield, p. v. in Bureau co.. 111., on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 22 mis, from Bureau. Pop., 771. Sheffield, tn. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Pop., 1,599. Sheffield, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 2,535. Sheffield, p. v. in the above tn., on the Housa- tonic R. R. Sheffield, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 770. Sheffield, tn. in Lorain co., Ohio. Pop., 973. Sheffield, p. o. in the above tn. Sheffield, tn. in Warren co.. Pa. Pop., 660. Sheffield, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. from Sheffield Depot. Sheffield, tn. in Caledonia co., Vt. Pop., 811, Sheffield, p. v. in the above tn., VA N. W. of Lyndonville. Sheffield Depot, v. in Warren co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 40 mis. N. W. of Ridgeway. Sheffield Iiake, p. o. in Lorain co. Ohio. Shekomeko, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. *Shelbina, p. v. in Shelby co., Mo., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R., 47 mis. W. of Hannibal. An important tobacco and stock mart. Pop., 1,145. One newspaper. Shelbnrn, p. v. in Sullivan co , Ind., on the Evansville & Crawfordsville R. R. Shelburne, tn in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 1,582. Shelburne, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from Shelburne rails. Shelburne, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 259. Shelburne, p. v. in the above tn., on the An- droscoggin R. and the Grand Trunk R. R., mis. E. of Gorham. Shelburne, tn. in Chittenden co., Vt. Pop. 1.190. Shelburne, p. v. in the above tn., on the Rut- land B. R., 6>^ mis. S. of BurUngton. SHELBURNE FALLS. 819 SHELBY. •Shclbnrne Falls, p. v. in Franklin co., Massi., on the N. side of Deerfleld R. anrt on the Vermont & Massachusetts and Troy & ' Greenfield K. Rs., 17 mis. E. by S. of Hoosac Tunnel ; seat of an academy and manufacto- ries of cutlery and general products. Pop. about 2,000. Shelby, co. in Ala., central part. Area about 950 sq. mis. Pop., 12,218 ; in 1860, 12,618. The surface is hilly and rolling. The Coosa R. forms the entire eastern boundary, and re- ceives several small affluents. The western part ol the co is drained by the Cahawba R. The Alabanip & Tennessee R. R. intersects the S. E. part of the co. Columbiana is the CO. seat. Ai^r. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 30,275 bush.; rye, 395 bush.; Indian-corn, 221,618 bush.; oats, 2«,189 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,602 bush.; sweet pot's, 22,358 bush.; cotton, 2,194 bales ; butter, 73,099 lbs.: hay, 360 tons. Cash value of farms, $516,136. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $092,911. Value of manu- factures, $336,994. Shelby, co. in 111., central part. Area, 780 sq. mis. Pop., 25,476; in ISbX), 14,613. The surface is level and the soil fertile, though inclined to be marshy. It is drained by Kaskaskia R. and Little Wabash R. The Indianapolis & St. Louis R. R. and the Bloomington & Ohio River R. R. intersect the co. Shelbyville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 467,541 bush.; rye, 23,686 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,082,578 bush.; oats, 637,812 bush.; Irish pot's, 136,938 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,376 bush.; butter, 368,649 lbs.; hay, 23,687 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,918,- 768. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,911,557. Value of manufactures, $722,473. Shelby, tn. in Edwards co.. 111. Pop., 1,469. Shelby, tu. in Shelby CO., 111. Pop., 3.109. Shelby, co. in Ind., central part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 21,889; in 1850, 19,569. The sur- face is slightly undulating. Tlie principal streams are the East Branch of the White R., the Blue R. and Flat Rock Cr. The soil is productive. The Cincinnati & Indianapolis Junction R. R. intersects the Jetferson ville, Madison * Indianapolis R. R. at Shelbyville, the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 669,509 bush.; rj^e, 1,570 bush.; Indian-corn, l,509,-448 bush.; oats, 40,227 bush.; Irish pot's, 61,361 bush.; sweet pot's, 887 bush.; butter, 414,863 lbs.: hav, 8,574 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,080,675. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,281,933. Value of manufactures, $804,603. Shelby, tn. in Ripley CO., Ind. Pop., 2,412. Shelby, tn in Jefferson co., Ind. Pop., 1,890. Shelby, tn. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Pop., 1,395. Shelby, co. in Iowa, W. part. Area, .550 sq. mis. Pop., 2,548 ; in I860, 818. The surface is rolling; the soil fertile. It is well drained by West Nishnabotany R. and other affluents of the Missouri. Harlan is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 45,489 bush.; In- dian-corn, 155,320 bush.; oats, 25,594 busli.; Irish pot's, 9,922 bush.; wool, 11,103 lbs.; butter, 61,834 lbs.; hay, 6,492 tons. Cash value of farms, $797,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $349,091. Value of manufactures, $61,344. Shelby, p. v. in the above co., on the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Paci- fic R. R., 27 mis. N. E. of Council Bluffs. Shelby, co. in Ky., N. part. Area, 460 sq. mis. Pop., 15,733; in 1860, 16,433. The surface is un- dulating ; the soil very fertile. It is drained bj' many small creeks and intersected in the N. E. part by the Lexington Branch of the Louisville & Cincinnati Short Line R. R. Shelbyville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 171,562 bush.; rye, 62,097 bush.; Indian-corn, L125,78"'bnsh.; oats, 156,935 bush.; Irish pot's, 32,099 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,417 bush.; tobacco, 240,435 lbs.; butter, 220,0.50 lbs.; hay, 5,262 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,023,- 460. Total, estimated, value of all farm pi-o- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,954,678. V^alue of manufactures, $458,400. Shelby, tn. in Macomb co., Mich. Pop.. 1,69.5. Shelby, v. in Macomb co., Mich., on the St. Clair & Chicago Air Line R. R., 22 mis. W. of Ridgeway. Shelby, tn. in Oceana co., Mich. Pop., 557. Shelby, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Hart. Shelby, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 728. Shelby, co. in Mo., N. E. part. Pop., 10,119 ; in 1860, 7,301. The surface is undulating and comprises prairies and timber lands in nearly equal proportion. The bottom-lands are very productive, but the uplands are also arable. The co. is drained by the South Fa- bius and Salt Rs., and intersected by the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. Shelbyville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 41,2.58 bush.; rye, 4,173 bush.; Indian-corn, 297,- 982 bush.; oats, 101,559 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,694 bush ; sweet pot's, 214 bush.; butter, 146,905 lbs.; hay, 18,715 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,579,765. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $664,269. Value of manufactures, $;301,445. Shelby, tn. in Orleans co.. N. Y., Pop., 3,366. Shelby, p. V. in the above tn.,2J4 mis. from Medina. *Shelby, p. v. and the co. seat of Cleveland CO., N. C, near First Broad R., 23 mis. S. E. of Rutherfordton and 40 W. of Charlotte. Pop., 950. One newspaper. Shelby, CO. in Ohio, W. part. Area, 520 sq. mis. Pop.. 20,748 ; in 1860. 17,493. The surface in the N. part is flat, in the S. more hilly ; the soil is fertile. It is intersected by the Miami R. and Laramie's Cr. The Miami Canal runs through the S. E. part. The Dayton & Michi- fan R. R. runs through the county from N. to . and the Cleveland, Columbus. Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R. from E. to W. Sidney is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 495,499 bush.; rye, 6,679 bush.; Indian-corn, 586,424 bush.; oats, 363,349 bush.; Irish pot'.s, 51,737 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,015 bush.; butter, 397,470 lbs.; hay, 14,001 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,661,641. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,944,059. Value of manufactures, $696,132. *Shelby, p. v. in Richland co., Ohio, on the Lake Erie Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., at crossing of the Columbus Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indi- anapolis R. R., 67 mis. S. W. of Cleveland. A shipping point for agricultural products and seat of several manufactories. Pop., 1,807. Two newspapers. Shelby, co. in Tenn., S. W. part. Area, 520 sq. mis. Pop., 76,378; in 1800, 48,092. The surface is generally level ; the soil is good. The Mis- sissippi R. separates it from Ark. on the W. It is drained bya number of creeks flowing in- to the Mississippi R. The Memphis & Charles- ton R. R., the Memphis & Louisville R. R. and the Mississippi & Tennessee R. R. intersect the CO. Memphis and Raleigh are the co. seats. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 19,0-25 bush.; rye, 287 bush.; Indian-corn , 940,796 bush.; oats, 7,697 bush.; Irish pot's, 22,419 bush.; sweet pot's, .50,747 bush.; cotton, 32,434 bales : butter, 13,270 lbs.; hay, 291 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,987,974. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,169,.342. Value of manufactui-es, $o,644,- 137. Shelby, co. in Tex., E. part. Area, 510 sq. mis. Pop., .5,732; in 1860, 5,362. The Sabine R. sepa- rates the CO. from La. The W. boundary ia SHELBY. 820 SHENANDOAH RIVER. washed by the Attoyac Cr., a tributary of the AngelineR. The surface is level and the soil good. Shelbyville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 1()8,827 bush.; Irish pot's, 185 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,416 bush.; cotton, 4,090 bales. Cash value of farms, $178,- 55.3. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including addition to stock, etc., $440,358. Value of manufactures, $40,.585. Slielby, p. V. in Austin co., Tex., 13 mis. S. W. of Brenliam. Sbelby, tn. in La Crosse co.. Wis. Pop., 654. (Shelby, p. o. in the above tn. Shelby Basin, p. o. in Oileans CO., N. Y. Shelby €ity, p. o. in the v. of Panville Sta- tion, in lioyle co., Ky., on' the Knoxville Branch of the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 29 mis. E. of Lebanon. Shelby Iron WorUs, p. o. in Shelby co., Ala. Shelby Springs, p. v. in Shelby co., Ala., on the Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R., G mis. from Columbiana. Pop. about 50. ♦Shelbyville, city and the co. seat of Shelby CO., 111., on the Kaskaskia R. and on the Indi- anapolis & St. Louis R. R., 110 mis. K. E. of St. Louis and 50 S. E. of Springlield. It is sur- rounded by a fertile and populous agricultu- ral region of which it is the center of trade, and has large general manufacturing inter- ests. Pop., 2,051. Two newspapers. ♦Shelbyville, city and co. seat of Shelby co., Ind., on Big Blue"R. and on Indianapolis, Cin- cinnati & La Eayette R. R., at the crossing of Cambridge City Branch of Jeffersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 26 mis. S. E. of Indianapolis. An important shipping point and seat of an active trade. Pop., 2,731. Two newspapers. ♦Shelbyville, p. v. and the co. seat of Shelby CO., Ky., at S. E. terminus of Shelby Branch of Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., 19 mis. S. E. of the intersection at Anchorage. Seat of Shelby College. Pop., 2,180. Two news- papers. Shelbyville, p. o. in Allegan co., Mich. Shelbyville, p. v. in BlueEarth, Minn., 6mls. from Winnebago City. ♦Shelbyville, p. v. and the co. seat of Shelby CO., Mo., 8 mis. N. of Shelbina on the Hanni- bal & St. Joseph R. R. and 90 N. N. E. of Jef- ferson City. Pop., 530. One newspaper. Shelbyville, p. o. in Wayne co.. Pa. ♦Shelbyville, p. v. and the co. seat of Bed- ford CO., Teun., on Duck R. at W. terminus of Shelbyville Branch of St. Louis, Memphis, Aiushville & Chattanooga R. R., 60 mis. S. E. of Nashville. Pop., 1,719. One newspaper. Shelbyville, p. v. and co. seat of Shelby CO., Tex., 58 mis. S. S. W. of Shreveport, La. Sheldon, p. o. in Sacramento co., Cal. Sheldon, tn. in Iroquois co.. 111. Pop., 812. Sheldon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Cincin- nati, La Fayette & Chicago R. R. and the To- ledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., 9 mis. E. of Watseka. Pop., 231. Sheldon, p. o. in Allen co., Ind, Sheldon, p. o. in O'Brien co., Iowa. Sheldon, p. o. in Harvey co., Kans. Sheldon, tn. in Houston co., Minn. Pop., 828. Sheldon, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Houston. Sheldon, tn. In Wyoming co., N. Y. Pop., 2,2.iS. Sheldon, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. from Warsaw. Sheldon, p. o. in Susquehanna co., Pa. Sheldon, p. o. in Beaufort district, S. C. Sheldon, tn. in Franklin co., Vt. Pop., 1,697. ♦Sheldon, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from St. Albans. Sheldon, tn. in Monroe co.. Wis. Pop., 615. Sheldon's Orove, p. o. in Schuyler co.. 111. Shcldonville, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., 5 mis. from Franklin. Sheldrake, p. v. in Seneca co., N. Y., on Cay- uga Lake, 20 mis. S. of Cayuga and 7 mis. E. of Ovid. Shell Knob, p. o. in Barry co., Mo. Shell Slonnd, p. o. in Le "Flore co.. Miss. Shell Mound, v. in Marion co., Tenn., on the Tennessee R. and the Nashville & Tennessee R. R., 22 mis. E. of Chattanooga. Near it is the famous Nicojack Cave, which is said to extend more than 15 mis. under the Raccoon Mts. The p. o. is Nicojack. Shell Rock, tn. in Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 1,142. Shell Rock, p. v. in the above tn., on Shell Rock R. and on the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 16 mis. N. N. W. of Cedar Falls. Pop. about 800. One newspaper. Shell Rock, p. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. Shell Rock, In. in Freeborn co., Minn. Pop., 512. Shell Rock, p. o. in the above tn. Shell Rock Falls, v. in Cerro Gordo co., Iowa, on Shell Bock R. and the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 6 mis. N. W. of Nora SiDrings. Shell's, p. o. in De Kalb co., Ind. ♦Shellsbnrgh, p. v. in Benton co., Iowa, on the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 10 mis. S. E. of Vinton, the co. seat. Cen- ter of a thriving trade. Pop. about 700. One newspaper. Shelocta, p. v. in Indiana co., Pa., 8 mis. from Indiana. Pop., 113. Shelter Island, tn. in Suffolk co., N. Y. Pop., 645. Shelter Island, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Greenport. Shelton, tn. in Warrick CO., Ind. Pop., 1,830. Shelton, p. o. in Hall co., Nebr. Shelton, p. o. in Fairfleld district, S. C. Sheltonville, p. o. in Forsyth co., Ga. Shenandoah, p. v. in Page co.,Iowa, onNish- nabotany R. and on Nebraska City Branch of Burlington & Missouri River R. R., midway between Hamburgh and Red Oak. Has agri- cultural surroundings and is the centei" of trade. Pop. about 600. One newspaper. Shenandoah, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. ♦Shenandoah, p. borough in Schuylkill co., Pa., on the Mahanoy Branch of the Lehigh Valley R. R. and the "Shenandoah Bi-anch of Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 13 mis. N. of Pottsville. Has large mining interests and an active coal trade. Pop., 2,951. One newspaper. Shenandoah, co. in Va., N. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 14,936; in 1860, 13,8;%. The CO. is bounded on the W. by the Great North Mt. and on the E. by the Massanutten Mt», and includes a portion of the great valley of Va., which is here traversed by the North Fork of the Shenandoah R. Other ranges, as the Little Mt., Three Top Mt., etc., are also included in the CO. The Manassas Division of the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R. passes through it from N. N. E. to S. S. W. Woodstock is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2;i9,045 bush.; rye, 19,860 bush.; Indian-corn, 154,313 bush.; oa"ts, 81,023 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,- 658 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,278 bush.; butter, 165,- 338 lbs.; hay, 8,329 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,409,310. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $893,058. Value of manufactures, $470,770. Shenandoah, p. o. in Alum Springs CO., Va. Shenandoah ^fountains, a range in Va., trending S. W. and N. E. along the E. boun- dary of Pendleton co. Shenandoah Iron Works, tn. in Page co., Va. Pop., 2,17.5. Shenandoah Iron 'Works, p. v. In the above tn., 25 mis. from Harrisonburgh. Shenandoah River, a tributary of the Poto- mac R., in Va.; is formed by the confluence of the North and South Forks near Front Royal, in Warren co., flows In a northerly di- rection and empties near Harper's Ferry. The SHENANGO. 821 SHERMAN. South Fork is formed by three branches, the North, Middle and South Rs., which unite near Port Republic, Augusta co. Tlie North Forlc, which is much shorter than the South Fork, rises in Rockingham co. Between the two forks extend the Three Top, Massanut- ten and other ranges. The Shenandoah tra- verses the northern part of the Great Valley of Virginia, the garden of the state and one of the most productive and beautiful districts of the country. Shenango, tn. in Lawrence co., Pa. Pop., 1,7-tS. Stienang^o, tn. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 2,(jl6. Sheiiaiig^o, v. in the above tn., on Shenango a. and Canal and on the Atlantic & Great Woslern 11. R., the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R. and the Shenango & Alleghany R. R., 1 mle. S. of Greenville, which is its p. o. Pop. about 2,000. Slienan;i^o River, in Pa. (See Beaver R.) iStaeparclsville, p. v. in Clinton co., Mich., on the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., 17 mis. W. of Coruniia. Slicpatig' River, a tributary of the Housatonic R. iu Litchfield Co., Conn.; has a southerly course. Shcpard, tn. in Crawford co.. Ark. Pop., 335. Sbcpbcrd, tn. In Jefferson co., W. Va. Pop., 1,S.VJ. Shepherd's Store, p. o. in Anne Arundel CO., Md. Shepherdstown, p. o. in Belmont co., Ohio. Shepherdstown, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Pa., 3 mis. from Mcchanicsburgh. *Shepherdstown, p. v. and the co. seat of Jefferson co., W. va., on the Potomac R., 12 mis. N. W. of Harper's Ferry. It has several flouring mills. Pop., 1,389. Shepherdsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Bul- litt CO., Ky., on the East Fork of Salt R. and on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 18 mis. S. of Louisville. Pop., 2G5. Sherando, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. Sherbora, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 1,062. Sherborn, p. v. in the above tn., on the Bos- ton, Clinton & Fitchburgh R. R., 3 mis. S. E. of South Framingham. Sherbnrne, co. in Minn., central part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 2,050 ; in 18150, 723. The Mississippi R. forms the S. W. boundary, and receives within this co. the Elk R. and other small tributaries. The surface is diversifled by hills and undulations, and the soil is pro- ductive. A branch line of the St. Paul & Pa- cific R. R. passes through the co. along the Elk and Mississippi Rs. Orono is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 26,457 bush.; rye, 1,518 bush.; Indian-corn, 37,00() bush.; oats, 17,797 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,987 bush.; but- ter, 53,610 lbs.; hav, 8,303 tons. Cash value of farms, $486,950. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $157,573. Value of manufactures $61,753. Sherburne, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 2,927. '■''Sherbnrne, p. v. in the above tn., on Che- nango R. and Canal, and on the Utica, Che- nango & Susquehanna Valley Division of the Delaware. Lackawanna & VVestern R. R., 9 mis. N. of Norwich, the co. scat. Sherburne, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 462. Sherburne, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. from Rutland. Sherburne Four Corners, p. o. in Chenango CO., N. Y. Sherburne Slills, p. v. in Fleming co., Ky., 13 mis. from Flemingsburgh. Pop., 158. Sherburneville, p. v. in Kankakee co., 111., 6 mis. K. S. E. of Yellow Head. Sheridan, p. o. and co. seat of Grant co., Ark., 35 mis. S. by W. of Little Rock. Sheridan, p. o. in Placer co., Cal. Sheridan, new co. in Dak. Ter.; lies on the Plateau du Coteau du Missouri, and consists of undulating table-lands covered with prai- ries. The Cheyenne R., a tributary of the Red River of the North, rises within this co. Sheridan, p. v. in La Salle co., III., on the Fox River Line of Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 16 mis. N. E. of Ottawa. Pop. about 150. One newspaper. Sheridan, tn. in Logan co.. 111. Pop., 1,002. Sheridan, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ind. Sheridan, tn. in Carroll co., Iowa. Pop., 472. Sheridan, tn. in Poweshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 558. Sheridan, tn. in Scott co., Iowa. Pop., 1,222. Sheridan, p. v. in Van Buren co., Iowa, 9m.ls. from Benton's Port. Sheridan, new co., in Kans., N. W. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. It consists of undulating ana fertile prairies, and is well adapted to stock raising. It is drained by Prairie Dog Cr., the North and South Forks of the Solomon R. and. the Saline R. Sheridan, tn. in Linn co., Kans. Pop., 828. Sheridan, tn in Ottawa co., Kans. Pop., 79S. Sheridan, tn. in Cherokee co., Kans. Pop., 1,149. Sheridan, tn. in Crawford co., Kans. Pop., 1,042. Sheridan, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., 1,619. Sheridan, tn. in Clarke co., Mich. Pop., 87. Sheridan, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 158. Sheridan, tn. in Mecosta co., Mich. Pop., 134. Sheridan, tn. in Newaygo co., Mich. Pop., 45S. Sheridan, p. v. in Montcalm co., Mich., 12 mis. B. by N. of Greenville and 6 mis. S. of Staunton. Sheridan, tn. in Daviess co.. Mo. Pop., 923. Sheridan, p. v. in Madison co., Mont. Ter., 18 nils, from Virginia City. Sheridan, p. o. in Nemaha CO., Nebr. Sheridan, p. v. in Douglas co., Nev. Sheridan, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 1,686. Sheridan, p, v. in the above tn., on the Erie R. R., 5 mis. E. ot Dunkirk. Sheridan, p. o. in Putnam co., Ohio, Sheridan, p. o. in Yam Hill co., Oreg. Sheridan, p. v. in Lebanon co.. Pa., on the Lebanon Valley Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 8 mis. E. of Lebanon. Sheridan, tn. in Calhoun co., W. Va. Pop., 5S9. Sheridan, tn. in Lewis co., VV. Va. Pop., 2,3-20. Sheridan, tn. in Lincoln co., W. Va. Pop., 949. Sheridan, p. o. in "Waupaca co.. Wis. Sheridan, tn. in Dunn co.. Wis. Pop., 117. Sheridan Coal Worlds, p. o. in Lawrence CO., Ohio. Sherman, tn. in Johnson co.. Ark. Pop., 107. Sherman, p. o. in Santa Clara co., Cal. Sherman, tn. in Fairfield CO., Conn. Pop., 846. Sherman, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from New Milford. Sherman, tn. in Mason co., 111. Pop., 590. Sherman, p. v. in Sangamon co.. 111., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 6% mis. N. of Spring- field. Pop. about 300. Sherman, tn. in Calhoun co., Iowa. Pop., 545. Sherman, tn. in Hardin CO., Iowa. Pop., 77. Sherman, tn. in Jasper co., Iowa. Pop., 1,007. Sherman, tn. in Monona CO., Iowa. Pop., 196. Sherman, tn. in Montgomery CO., Iowa. Pop- 295. Sherman, tn. in Story co., Iowa. Pop., 420. Sherman, p. o. in Poweshiek co., Iowa. Sherman, new co. in Kans., N. W. part ; borders on Colo. Area, 900 sq. mis. The sur- face consists chiefly of undulating prairies. SHERMAN. 822 SHILOH. Sappa Cr., Little Beaver Or. and other afflu- ents of the Republican Fork of Kansas K. drain the co. Sherman, tn. in Clay co., Kans. Pop., 952. Slierman, tn. in Crawford co., Kans. Pop., 5»;7. Slierman, tn. in Dickinson co., Kans. Fop., 177. Sherman, tn. in Leavenworth CO., Kans. Pop., 834. Sherman, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop., 700. Sherman, p. v. in the above tn., 25 mis. N. of INlattawamkeag. Sherman, p. v. and the co. seat of Wexford CO., Mich., on Manistee R., 30 mis. N. E. of Man- istee. Engaged in the production of lumber. One newspaper. Sherman, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., I,lii0. Sherman, tn.in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 38.5. Sherman, tn. in Isabella co., Mich. Pop., 134. Sherman, tn. in Keweenaw CO., Mich. Pop., 929. Sherman, tn. in Mason co., Mich. Pop., 152. Sherman, tn. in Newaygo co., Mich. Pop., 3^-2. Sherman, tn. in Osceola co., Mich. Pop , 116. Sherman, p. o. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Sherman, tn. in Wabasha co., Minn. Pop., 740. Sherman, p. o. in the v. of Saint Paul, in St. Louis CO., Mo., on the Atlantic & Paeitic R. R., 24 mis. VV . S. W. of St. Louis. Pop. of v. about 80. Sherman, tn. in De Kalb Co., Mo. Pop., 1,116. Sherman, tn. in Putnam CO., Mo. Pop., 987. Sherman, new co. in Nebr. Area, 57(5 sq. mis. The CO. has a rolling surface, consisting mostlv of prairies, and is intersected by the Loup Fork and affluents. Sherman, p. o. in Nemaha co., Nebr. Sherman, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 1 ,470. Sherman, p. v. in the above tn., on French Cr. and on the Buffalo, Corry & Pittsburgh R. R., 19 mis. N. of Corry, Pa., and 73 mis. S. of Buffalo. Surrounded by a farming and dairving region. Pop., 610. One newspaper. Sherman, tn. in Huron co., Ohio. Pop., 1,260. Sherman, p. v. in Summit co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Akron. Sherman, p. o. in Wayne co., Pa. '"'Sherman, p. v. and the co. seat of Grayson CO., Tex., on the Houston & Texas Central R. R., 296 rals. N. N. E. of Houston and a few mis. S. of Red R. Mart for a cotton and agri- cultural region. Pop., 1,439. Two newspapers. Sherman, tn. in Boone co., W. Va. Pop., 878. Sherman, tn. in Calhoun co., W. Va. Pop., 640. Sherman, tn. in Hampshire co., W. Va. Pop., 1,089. Sherman, tn. in Dunn co., Wis. Pop., 305. Sherman, p. v. in Marathon co.. Wis., 4 mis. from VVausau. Sherman, tn. in Sheboygan co., Wis. Pop., 1,664. Sherman, p. v. in Albany co., Wyo. Ter., on Union Pacific R. R., 33 mis. W. ot Cheyenne. The higliest point on the road (altitude, 8,242 ft.), and named in honor of General Sher- man, the tallest general in the service. Sherman Olty, p. o. in Clierokee co., Kans. Sherman City, p. o. in Isabella co., Mich. Sherman Mills, p. v. in Aroostook co., Me., 27 nils. N. of Mattawamkeag. A manufactur- ing villaare with one newspaper. Sherman's Dale, p. v. in Perry co., Pa., 11 mis. from Carlisle. Shermansville, v. in Providence co., E. I., •20 mis. N. W. of Providence. Shermanville, p. o. in Will CO., 111. Shermanvillc, p. o. in Casey co., Ky. Sherodsville, p. o. in Carroll co., Ohio. Sherrard, p. o. in Marshall co., W. Va. Sherrctt, p. o. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Sherrill, tn. in Texas co.. Mo. Pop., 1,399. Sherrlll's Ford, p. o. in Catawba co. N. C. Sherrill's Mount, p. v. in Dubuque co., Iowa, 13 mis. N. W. of Dubuque. Sherwood, tn. in Branch co., Mich. Pop., 1.088. Sherwood, p. v. in the above tn., on the Air Line Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 7 mis. S. W. of Union City. Sherwood, p. v. in Calumet co., Wis., 12 mis. from Menasha. Sherwood''8, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., 13;.^ mis. from Auburn. Sherwood Valley, p. o. in Mendocino co.. Gal. She<4bequin, tn. in Bradford co.. Pa. Poii., 1,.596. Sheshequin, p. v. in the above tn., on the Susquehanna R., nearly opposite Ulster. Shetek, p. o. in Barron co.. Wis. Shiawassee, co. in Mich., central part. Area, 450 sq. nils. Pop., 20,a58; in 1860, 12,349. Tlio surface is level and the soil good. It is in- tersected by the Shiawassee R. and numerous small Crs. The Deti-oit & Milwaukee R. R. passes through the central part of the co. Corunna is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 15,587 bush.; rye, 5,9.31 inisli.; In- dian-corn. 262.861 bush.; oats, 202,510 bush.; Irish pot's, 240,162 bush.; wool, 192,612 lbs.; butter, 491,606 lbs.; hav. 32,464 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,123,000. 'Total, estimated, value of all farm pi-oductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,915,143. Value of manufac- tures, $726,018. Shiawassee, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,421. Shiawassee River, a branch of the Saginaw R. in Mich.; rises in Oakland co., flows N. W. and joins the Flint R. to form the Saginaw a few mis. above South Saginaw. Shibley's Point, p. o. in Adair CO., Mo. Shickshlnny, p. borough in Luzerne co.. Pa. on the East Branch of the Susquehanna R., the Wyoming Valley Canal, and the Lacka- wanna & Bloomsburg R. R.,32mls.W. of Scran- ton. Pop., 1,045. Shidler, p. o. in Delaware co.. Ind. Shields, tn. in Lake CO., III. Pop., 1,262. Shields, p. o. in the v. of Dunham, in Jackson CO., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 5 mis. W. of Seymour. Shields, p. o. in the v. of NefiTs Siding In Bel- mont CO., Ohio, on the Central Ohio Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 5 mis. W. of Bellaire. Shields, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 1,119. Shields, tn. in Marquette co., Wis. Pop., 566. ^Shieldsborou^h, p. v. and the co. seat of Hancock co., Miss., on the Mississippi Sound, and the New Orleans, Mobile & Chattanooga R. R., 50 nils. E. of New Orleans. An import- ant commercial point, shipping large quanti- ties of lumber and cotton. Pop., 1,280. One newspaper. Shieldsville, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., .558. Shieldsville, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Faribault. Pop., 110. Shielville, p. v. in Hamilton CO., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R., 12 mis. N. of Noblesville. Shiloh, tn. in Edgar co.. 111. Pop., 745. Shiloh, p. o. in Marengo co., Ala. Shiloh, p. o. in Van Buren co.. Ark. Shiloh, p. V. in St. Clair CO., 111., 2 mis. S. of O' Fall on Depot. Pop., 298. Shiloh, p. o. in Cedar CO., Iowa. Shiloh, tn. in Grundy co., Iowa. Pop., 539. Shiloh, p. o. in Callaway co., Ky. Shiloh, p. o. in Union co.. La. Shiloh, p. o. in Butler co.. Mo. Shiloh, p. V. in Cumberland CO., N. J., 3J4 mis. from Bridgeton. Shiloh, p. V. in Richland co., Ohio, on the Co SHILOH. 823 SHOSHONE. lumbus Division of tlie Cleveland, Columbns, Cincinnati & Indianapolis K. K., 15 mis. N. N. E. of Crestline. Pop,, 297. One newspaper. fShilob, p. o. in Caraden co., N. C. Shilub, p. o. in Sumter district, S. C. Sbiloh, tn. in King George co., Va. Pop., 1,797. Shiloh, p o. in Montgomery co., Tenn. Shiloh, p. o. in Hunt co., Tex. Sihilob, p. o. in King George co., Ya. Sbilob, 1). o. in Polk co.. Wis. tSbilob Hill, p. o. in Randolph co., 111. Sbltnerville, p. v. in Lehigh co., Pa., 2)^ mis. S. E of Macungie. Sbinboiie, p. o. in Fayette co., Pa. Sitbiu Creek, p. o. Sullivan co., N. Y. Sbliig'le €reeU, p. v. in St. Liwrence co., N. Y., 1 nile. E. of Keene's a station on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh R. R., 5^ mis. N. of Antwerp. ISbiiig'lebonse, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. Sbin^le l^pring's, p. v. in El Dorado co., Cal., on tlie Sacramento Valley R. R., 10 mis. N. of Latrobe. Shinnston, p. v. in Harrison co., W. Va., 13 mis. from Clarksbui'gh. Shiocton, p. v. in Outagamie co.. Wis., on the Wolf R. and the Green Bay & Lake Pepin R. R., 31 mis. W. S. W. of Green B. Pop. about 100. Sbiocton Station, p. o. in Outagamie co,, Wis. Sbipman, p. V. in Macoupin co.. III., on the Chicago & Alton R. R., 15 mis. from Carlin- ville. Pop. about 500. Sbippen, tn in Cameron co., Pa. Pop., 1,824. Sbippen, tn. in Tioga co.. Pa. Pop., 270. Sbippensbnrg^b, tn. in Cumberland co., Pa. Pop., 381. *Sbippeiisburg;b, p. borough in the above tn., on tho Cumberland Valley R. R., 41 mis. S. W. of Harrisburgh and 23 mis. S. W. of Car- lisle. Seat of a State Normal School and cen- ter of a tliriving trade with agricultural sur- roundings. Pop., 2,065. Two newspapers. Sbippensville, p. v. in Clarion co., Pa., 16 . mis. from Enilenton. Sbippin§^port, p. o. in Beaver co.. Pa., 114 mle. from Industry. Sbiremantowii, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Pa., on the Cumberland Valley R. R., 3 mis. E. of Mechaniesburgh. Sbirland, tn. in Winnebago co.. 111. Pop., .')59. Sbirland, p. v. in the above tn.. on the West- ern Union R. R., 9 mis. from Beloit. Sbirland, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., 6 mis. from Nobleston. Sbirley, p. v. in Covington co., Ala., 24 mis. S. E. of Georgiana. Sbirley, p. v. in McLean co.. 111., on the Chi- cago & Alton R. R., 6^ mis. S. W. of Bloom- ington. Sbirley, tn. in Cloud co., Kans. Pop., 637. Sbirley, p. o. in the above tn. Sbirley, tn. in Piscataquis co., Me. Pop., 206. Sbirley, p. o. in the above tn. Sbirley, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 1,415. Sbirley, p. v. in the above tn., 2^^ mis. N. of Shirley Village. Sbirley, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Sbirley, tn. in Huntingdon co., Pa. Pop., 1,633. Sbirley, p. o. in Tyler co., W. Va. Sbirley Slills, p. o. in Piscataquis co., Me. Sbirleysburgh, p. borough in the above tn., 7 mis. S. of Mount •Union on Pennsylvania R. R. Pop., 329. Sbirley Tillaj^e, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on tbc ffitchburgh R. R., 40 mis. from Boston. Sbivelton, p. v. in Platte co., Mo., on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., ■ 6% nils. S. E. Winthrop. Sboal, tn. In Clinton co., Mo. Fop., 2,475. Sboal Creek, tn. in Johnson co.. Ark. Pop., 1,355. Shoal Creek, p. o. in Sarber co.. Ark. Sboal Creek, tn. in Barry co.. Mo. Pop., 1,68G. Sboal Creek, tn. in Newton co.. Mo. Pop., 703. Sboal Creek, p. o. in Livingston co., Mo. Shoal Creek Station, p. o. in the v. of Breese, Clinton co.. 111., on the Ohio & Missis- sippi R. R.,9 mis. W. of Carlyle. Pop., 489. Sboal River, a tributary of the Kaskaskia R. in Illinois ; rises in Montgomery co. and flows through Bond and Clinton cos. <^Sboals, p. V. in Martin co., Ind,, on the Whlt'C R. and the Ohio & Mississippi R, R,, 8 mis. H ofLoogootee, Pop.^ 513. Shoalsburgh, p. o. in the v. of Seneca in New- ton CO., Mo. Shobe's Grove, p. o. In Franklin co., Iowa. Sbockeysville, p. o. in Frederick co., Va. Shoe Heel, p. v. in Robeson co., N. C, on the Eastern Division of the Wilmington, Char- lotte & Rutherford R. R., 19 mis. N. W. of Lumbeiton. Shoemaker, p. o. In Butler co., Ohio. Shoeni«.kcr»4, p. o. in Monroe co.. Pa. Sboemakersville, p. v. in Berks co., Pa., on the Schuylkill Navigation Canal and the Phil- adelphia & Reading B. R., 12 mis. N. of Read- ing. Pop. about 450. Shoemakertown, p. o. of Old York Road, in Montgomery co.. Pa.; a station on the. North Pennsylvania R. R., 9 mis. N. of Philadelphia. Sboenersville, p. o. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Shohola, tn. in Pike co.. Pa. Pop., 729. Sbobola, p. V. in the above tn., on the Dela- ware B.. Delaware & Hudson Canal and the Erie R. R., 19 mis. N. W. of Port Jervis. Pop. about 100. Sbokan, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., on the Ron- dout & Oswego R. R., 16 mis. W. of Kiiigston. Sbonesbnrg'b, p. o. in Kane co., Utah Ter. Sboney town, p. o. in Putnam co.. Mo. Sbongo, p. V. in Allegany co., N. Y., 8 ml8. from Wellsville. Shoo Fly, p. o. in Johnson co., Iowa. Sbootman, p. o. in Carroll co.. Mo. Shopiere, p. v. in Rock co.. Wis., 1 mle. S. of Tiffany. Shop Spring, p. v. in Wilson co., Tenn., 7 mla. from Lebanon. Shop vi lie, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ky. Shoreliani, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 1,225. Shoreliani, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. W. of Whiting Station. Short Bend, p. o. in Dent co.. Mo. Short Creek, p. v. in Grayson co., Ky., 15 mis. from Litchfield. Short Creek, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 1,799. . Short Creek, p. o. in the v. of Georgetown, in the above tn., 7 mis. S. E. of Cadiz. Short Creek, p. o. in Brooke co., W. Va. Shorter's Depot, p. o. in Macon co., Ala. Short Falls, p. o. in Merrimack co., N. H. Short mountain, tn. in Franklin co.. Ark. Pop., 375. Short ^fountain, p. o. in Dauphin CO., P.i. Short Mountain, p. o. in Cannon eo., Tenn. ^Sbortsville, p. v. in Ontario co., N. Y., on the Syracuse & Rochester Branch of the New- York Central R. R., 6 mis. N. E. of Canandai- gua. Short Tract, p. v. in Allegany co., N. Y., 15 mis. N.of BelvidereandlOmls. N. of Angelica. Shoshone, CO. in Idaho Ter., N. part.; is bound- ed by Kootenay Cr. on the N. and Clearwater R. on the S. The surface is mountainous. The Lapway Range intersects the co. from E. to W. It is well watered and heavily tim- bered, and contains much excellent land, adapted either for farming or stock raising. Pop., 722. Pierce City is the co. seat. Value of manufactures, $5,386. SHOSHONE MOUNTAINS. 824 SIDNEY PLAINS. Sboshonc Monntaiiis, a long range in Nev., trending N. and S. through Esmeralda, Churcliill and Lander cos., and terminating near the S. bank of the Humboldt R. They bound the Reese River Valley on the "W. ■ Sliotivell, p. o. in Franklin co., Mo. Shoui^toivn, p. V. in Alleghany co., Pa., on the Ohio R., nearly opposite Leetsdale a sta- tion on the Pittsburglr, Fort Wavne & Chica- go R. R., 143^ mis. N. W. of Alleghany City. Shovel Mount, p. o. in Burnet co., Tex. *Shreve, p. v. in Wayne co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 10 mis. S. Av. of Wooster, the co. seat. Pop., 479. One newspaper. *Sl»reveport, city and the co. seat of Caddo parish, La., on right bank of Red R., 550 mis. by water N. W. ot Baton Rouge, 700 from New Oi-leans and 30 mis. below the " Great Raft," •which is the limit of navigation on the R. Also at E. terminus of the Texas Pacific R. R. It is a handsome city with several fine churches and stores. Here are sevei-al manu- factories. Its commerce is important, being connected bj^ steamers with all the towns be- low on both the Red and Mississippi Rs., and being the only available cotton mart for a large extent of productive country. It is also the chief shipping point for cattle to the New Orleans market. Pop., 4,607 ; in 1860, 2,190 ; in 1850, 1,7'27. Six newspapers. Shrewsbury, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,610. Shrewsbury, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. E. of Worcester. Shrewsbury, tn. in Monmouth CO., N. J. Pop., 3,440. Shrewsbury, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Jersey Southern R. R., 7% mis. S. of Port Moumoutli. Pop. about 200. Shrewsbury, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 3,559. ♦Shrewsbury, p. v. in the above tn.. IV^nile. N. E. of Shrewsbury Station, or Rail Road, on the Northern Central R. R. Pop., 600. Shrewsbury, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 442. Shrewsbury, tn. in Sullivan CO., Pa. Pop., 209. Shrewsbury, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 1,145. Shrewsbury, p. v. in the above tn., l]4 mle. from Cuttingsville. Shrewsbury, p. v. in Kanawha co., W. Va., 15 mis. from Kanawha Court House. Shrub Oak, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., 6 mis. from Peekskill. Shubuta, p. V. in Clark CO., Miss., on the Chiclurg:Ii, p. v. in York co., Pa., 6 nds. from Mechunicsburgh. Sleg;le's Store, p. o. in Lincoln CO., N. C. Step Springs, p. o. in Comanche co., Tex. Sierra, co. in Cal., E. part. Pop , 5,619 ; in I860, 11,387. The greater part of this co. is occupied by the Siena Nevada, hence it is elevated and its surface greatly broken by deep ravines and canons. Table Mt., Saddle Mt. and the Downieville Buttes are among the loftiest peaks. The principal streams are the North and Middle Forks of the Yuba R., the former running through the center and the latter forming part of the southern boundary. The climate is rigorous in the winter, the cold being severe and the snow falling to a great deptli and lying for several months on the higher ridges. The principal mode of travel- ing during the winter is on snow shoes. Near- ly the whole of this co. is underlaid with au- riferous slates, which are generally covered with volcanic .accumulations. Sierra co. is rich in placer and vein mines, and has from the first held a foremost rank as a gold-pro- ducing section of the state. Among the forty quartz mills it contains are many large and costly establishments. Downieville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 7,794 bush.; rye, 220 bush.; oats, 8,250 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,451 bush.; butter, 39,200 lbs.; hay, 7,466 tons. Cash value of farms, $170,950. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $189,230. Value of manufactures, $.574,875. Sierra, tn. in the above co. Pop., 686. Sierra, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Sierra City, p. v. in Sierra co., Cal. Sierra de Caballo, a mountain chain in So- corro CO., N. Mex. Ter.; rising on the left bank of tlie Kio Grande. The Jornada del Muerto, or Dead Man's Journey, a desert plain, ex- tends along its eastern "base. Sierra de Datili, a mountain chain in Socor- ro CO., N. Mex. Ten; trends E. and W., N. of the 34tli parallel. It bounds the Plains of San Augusta on tlie N. Sierra de Oavilan, one of the coast ranges of Monterey co., Cal.; trends N. W. and S. E. and is inclosed by the valleys of the Rio San Benito and the Rio Salinas de Monterey. Sierra de la Glla, a mountain range in Pima CO., Ariz. Ter.; extends from N. Mex. Ter. to the lower course of the Gila R. Sierra de la Santa Catarina, a mountain chain in Piniaco., Ariz. Ter.; extends between the valleys of the Rio San Pedro and Rio Santa Cruz. Sierra de San Rafael, a mountain chain in Santa Barbara co., Cal., trending E. and W. between the Santa Marta and Santa Inez Crs. Sierra de !.•» Santa Cruz, one of the Coast Ranges of Cal.; extends from the Bay of Mon- terey to San Francisco through Santa Cruz and Santa Clara cos. Sierra del Monte Diablo, one of the princi- pal Coast Ranges of Cal.; bounds the plain of the San Joaquin R. on the W., and trends from Contra Costa CO., where it rises in the Monte Diablo 3,658 feet, in a south-easterly direction to the southern parts of San Luis Obispo and Kern cos. Sierra £scalante, a range in Summit co., Colo. Ter., between the Yampah R. valley on the N.. the Vermillion R. on the N. and the Green R. on the W. Sierra de la Plata, a mountain range in Conejos CO., Colo. Ter., trending E. and W. and parallel to the Uncompahgre Mts. Sierra Hneca, a chain of mountains in Doiia Ana CO., N. Mex. Ter., and El Paso co., Tex.; trends N. and S. near the 10(ith meridian. It is traversed by the Hueca Pass, through ■which extends the road from the Pecos R. to El Paso, on the Rio Grande. Sierra Oscnra, or Oso, a mountain chain In Socorro co., N. Mex. Ter., forming the north- ern continuation of the Sierra Soledafl ; trends N. and S. parallel to the valley of the Rio Grande. Sierra San Mateo, in Santa Ana, Valencia •and Bernalillo cos., N. Mex. Ter.; trends E. and W., and terminates W. of the valley of the Rio Gi-ande. Sierra Santa liucia, in Monterey and San Luis Obispo cos., Cal.; trends along the sea- coast, S. of the Bay of Monterey, and is bounded on the E. by the valley of the Rio Salinas. Sierra Soledad, a chain of the Rocky Mt. sj'Stera in Dona Ana co., N. Mex. Ter., extend- ing N. from the Organ Mts., and bounding the Jornada del Muerto, or Dead Man's Jour- ney, a sterile plain, on the E. Sierra Sacramento, a mountain chain In Dona Ana co., N. Mex. Ter.; trends N. W. and S. E. between the 105th and lOiith meridians. It joins the Guadalupe Mts. in the S., and falls off toward the Pecos River Valley on the E. Sierra Valley, p. v. in Sierra co., Cal., 19 mis, E. N. E. of Downieville. Sigel, p. V. in Shelby co., 111., 1% mis. N. of Effingham. Sigrel, p. o. in Clayton co., Iowa. Sigel, p. V. in Douglas co., Kans., on the Law- rence & Southwestern R. R., 7 mis. S. W. of Lawrence. Sigrel, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 181. Sig'el, tn. in Brown co., Minn. Pop., 379. Sig'el, p. V. in Pettis co.. Mo., on the Black Fork of the Lamine R., 6 mis. S. W. of Browns- ville. Sigel, p. V. in Jefferson co., Pa., 8 mis. N. of Brookville. Sigel, tn. in Chippewa co.. Wis. Pop., 123. Sigel, tn. in Wood co., Wis. Pop., 219. Sig'lerville, p. o. in Mifflin co.. Pa. Sigonrney, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., I,ale, p. o. in Cowley co., Kans. Silver Olen, p. v. in Polk co., Nebr., on the Union Pacific B. R., 107 mis. W. of Omaha. Silver Hill, p. v. in Prince George's co., Md., 51X mis. from Washington, D. C. Silver Hill, p. o. in Wetzel co., W. Va. Silver Liake, tn. in Arkansas co., Ark. Pop., 702. Silver liake, p. v. in Kosciusko co., Ind., on the Cincinnati, Wabash & Michigan R. R.,12V^ mis. S. of Warsaw. Silver I^ake, tn. in "Worth co., Iowa. Pop, 354. Silver Lake, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. W. of Northwood. Silver l.ake, tn. in Shawnee co., Kans. Pop., 1,41(1. Silver I,ake, p. o. in the above tn. Silver I>ake, p. v. in McLeod co., Minn., 16 mis. from Howard. Silver l,ake, tn. in Martin co., Minn. Pop., 487. Silver L,ake, p. o. in Perry co., Mo. Silver l,ake, p. o. in»Adams co., Nebr. Silver I^ake, tn. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. Pop., 1.07'.t. Silver I,ake, p. o. in the above tn. Sliver Monnlain, p. v. ajul the co. seat of Alpine co., Cul., amid the Sierra Nevada Mts., 100 mis. E. of Sacramento. It is in a rich mining region, and is connected by stage- route with Carson City, Nev., 54 nils. N. of it. Pop. about 300. One newspaper. Silver Peak, p. o. in Esmeralda co., Nev. Silver Run, )). v. in Talladega co., Ala., on the Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R., 15 mis. N. E. of TiUladega. Silver Run, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Silver Spring, p. o. in Marion co., Fla. Silver Spring;, p. o. in Nemaha co., Kans. Silver Npring, tn. in Cumberland co.. Pa. Pop., 2,259. Silver Spring:, p. v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., on *ie Reading & Columbia R. R., 2!^ mis. S. W. of LandisvlUe and 614 ml". N. E. or Columbia. Silver Spring, p. v. in Wilson co., Tenn., on the Tennessee & Pacific R. R., 22 mis. E. of Nashville. Pop. about 100. Silver Springs, p. o. in Alcorn co.. Miss. Silver Star, p. o. m Madison CO., Mont. Ter. Silver Street, p. o. in Newberry district, S. C. Sllverton, p. o. in Ocean co., N. J. Silverton, p. v. in Marion co., Oregon, 9 mis. 8. E. of Waconda and 15 mis. N. E of Salem. Sllvervllle, p. o. in Lawrence co.. Ind. Silver Kone, p. o. in Elko co., Nev. Silvey ville, tn. in Solano co.. Cal. Pop., 1,58a Simmon's Bluflf, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. Simmon's .Store, p. o. in Madison co., Ala. SintnionsTille, p. o. in Craig co., Va. Sinionsville, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt. 6 mis. from Chester. Simsbury, tn. in Hartford co., Conn. Pop., 2,051. Simpson, tn. in Grant co.. Ark. Pop., 311. Simpson, tn. in Johnson co., HI. Pop., 916. Simpson, co. in Ky., S. part. Area, 375 sq. mis. Pop. 9,573 ; in 1860, 8,146. The surface is undulating ; the soil productive. It is drained by the West Fork of the Big Barren R., and is intersected from N. to S. by the Louisville & Nashville R. R. Franklin is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 107, 242 bush.; rye, 47 bush.; Indian-corn, 402,379 bush.; oats, 7.3,682 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,433 bush : sweet pot's, 11,436 bush.: tobacco, 1.072,401 lbs.; butter, 72,004 lbs.; hay, 978 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,- 800,058. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $787,062. Value of manufactures, $263,980. Simpson, co. in Miss., S. central part. Area about 590 sq. mis. Pop., 5,718 ; in 18t>0, 6,080. It borders in the W. on Pearl R. and is inter sected by its tributary. Strong R., and Bowie Cr., which rises in the south-eastern part. The surface is level and the soil productive. WestvlUe is the co. seat. Agr. productions In 1870: Wheat, 100 bush.; Indian-corn, 72,833 bush.; oats, 1.5,420 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,241 bush.; sweet pot's, 29,.520 bush.; cotton, 2,134 bales ; butter, 28,860 His. Cash vahie of farms, .ii212,090. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $365,- 8.50. Value of manufactures, 4c28,2.50. Simpson, tn. in Harrison co., W. Va. Pop., 1,474. Simpson's, p. o. in Floyd co., Va. Simpson's Corner, p. v. in Penobscot CO., Me., 17 mis. S. W. of Bangor. Simpson's Creek, p. v. in Taylor co., W. Va., on the Parkersburgli Branch of the Balti- more & Ohio H. R., 1]4 mis. S. W. of Grafton. Simpson's Mills, p. o. in Laurens district, S. C. Simpson's Mills, p. o. in White co., Tenn. Simpson's Store, p.o.in Washington co., Pa. Slmpsonville, p. v. in Shelby co.,Ky., on the Shelby R. R., 8mls. from Shelbyville. Pop., 239. Slmpsonville, p. o. in Howard co., Md. Slmpsonville, p. o. in Upshur co.. Tex. Sims. tn. in Grant co., Ind. Pop.. 841. Simsbury, tn. in Hartford CO., Conn. Pop., 2,0.51. Slmsbary. p. v. in the above tn., on the New- Haven & Northampton R. R. and the Connec ticut Western R. R., 42 mis. N. of New Haven. Simsport, p. o. in Avoyelles parish, La. Sinclair, p. v. in Morgan co., 111., on tlie Chi- cago & Alton R. R., 7 mis. N. E. of Jackson- ville. Sinclairsvllle, p. v. in Chautauqua co., N. y., on the Dunkirk, Warren & Pittsburgh R. R., 17 nils. S. of Dunkirk. Singer's tilen, p. v. in Rockingham co., Va. 6 ml«. from Edom. Singleton, p. o. in Winston co., Miss. SING SING. 827 SKANEATELES. *Slng: sing, p. V. in Westchester co., N. T., on the Hudson R. and the New York Central & Hudson River R. R., 33 mis. N. of New York. The V. is beautifully located upon acclivities overlooking the Hudson, and is composed of elegant countr j' residences. Here are several fine educational institutions and import- ant manufactories, chiefly of files. Valuable marble and limestone quarries are in the vicinity. The State Prison is located ^ of a mle. S. of the v. Pop., 4,696. Two newspa- pers. Sinkln, p. o. in Shannon CO., Mo. iiiiik ills' <->€ok, p. o. in (Jraig Co., Va. Sinking' Fork, p. o. in Christian CO., Ky. Sinking Spring:, p. v. in Highland co., Ohio, 18 mis. from Hillsborough. Pop., 200. Sinking Spring, p. v. in Berks co., Pa., on the l^ebanon Valley Branch of the Philadel- phia & Reading R. R. and the Reading & Columbia R. R., 6 mis. W. of Reading. Sinking Spring, p. o. in Sevier co., Tenn. Sinking "Valley, p. v. in Blair co., Pa., 6 mis. from Tyrone. Sink's Grove, p. o. in Monroe co., W". Va. Sinnamaboning, p. v. in Cameron co.,Pa., on the Philadelphia & Krie R. R., 52 mis. N. W. of Lock Haven. Sinnamalioning Creek, a tributary of the Susquehanna R.; flows in a south-westerly direction through Cameron and Clinton cos. Sinnett's Hills, p. o. in Ritchie co., W. Va. Slnsinawa Monnd, p. v. in Grant co.. Wis., 6 mis. N. K. of Dunleith, 111. Sioux, CO. in Iowa, N. W. part. Area, 1,100 sq. mis. Pop. 576 ; in 1860, 10. It is bounded on the W. by the Sioux R., which separates it from Dak. Ter., and is well drained by Floyds K. and Rock R. The surface consists of rolling prairies ; the soil is productive. Tlie Sioux City & St. Paul R. R. intersects the co. Calliope is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wool, 144 lbs. Cash value of farms, $20,- 630. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $15,150. Slonx, tn. in Plymouth co., Iowa. Pop., 311. Sioux City, tn. in Woodbury co., Iowa. Pop., 4,201. *SiouxCity, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the N. bank of the Missouri R. at the head of navigation for heavy draught steam- ers ; also at W. terminus of the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R. and at N. termin- us of the Sioux City & Pacific R. R., 93 mis. N. by W. of Council BlulTs and 326 W. of Du- buque. A supply point for the upper Mis- souri; center of a prosperous agricultural region and seat of growing manufacturing interests. Pop., 3,401. Three newspapers. Sioux Falls, p. V. and the co. seat of Minneha- ha CO., Dak. Ter., on Big Sioux R., 75 mis. N. of Sioux City, Iowa. Has valuable water-power, which is being utilized by important manu- factories. Pop. about 500. One newspaper. Sioux Rapids, p. v. and co. seat of Buena Vista CO., Iowa, on Little Sioux R., 25 mis. N. E. of Cherokee. Pop., 61. Sioux Valley, p. v. in Union co., Dak. Ter., on Big Sioux R., 16i^ mis. N. of Elk Point. Bioax Wood River, a tributary of the Red River of the North ; rises in Lake Traverse, and has a northerly course, forming part of the boundary between Dak. Ter. and Minn. Si pes' mills, p. o. in Fulton co., Pa. Sipestown, p. o. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Sipesville, p. o. in Somerset co., Pa. SIpsey River, a tributary of the Tombiarbee R. in Ala.; rises in Marion co., has a southerly course and empties in Sumpter co., 12 mis. N. of Giiinesville. Sipsey Turnpike, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. Sipsy Mills, p. o. in Pickens co., Ala. Sir Jobn's Run, p. v. in Morgan co., W. Va., on the Potomac R. and the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 6 mis. S. "W. of Hancock, Md., and 2}4 mis. N. W. of Berkeley Springs. Siskiyou, co. in Cal., N. E. part. Area, 8,120 sq. mis. Pop., 6,848 ; in 1860, 7,629. The central part of the co. is traversed by the Sierra Ne- vada and Cascade Mts., and includes the lofty peak of Mt. Shasta. Warner's Range inter- sects the E. part. Along its eastern base ex- tends the Surprise Vallev, in which large alkali lakes are situated. The largest among the other lakes are Goose, Rhett and Wright. The principal rivers are the Klamath and its tributaries, Shasta, Scott and the Pitt, or Upper Sacramento, which issues from the southern extremity of Goose Lake. The agricultural lands arelocate^l in Scott, Shasta and Surprise Valleys. Owing to the eleva- tion of this CO., averaging nearly 3,000 feet above the sea, the climate is quite cool, frosts occurring during the spring and even in the summer. Grain ripens in August and Sep- tember. The CO. is thinly settled. Yreka is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 116,007 bush.; rye, 821 bush.; Indian-corn, 3,167 bush.; oats, 131,383 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,066 bush.; wool, 43,858 lbs.; butter, 95,800 lbs.; hay, 12.392 tons. Cash value of farms, $724,7.5.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $567,- 573. Value of manufactures, $237,665. Sissiton Agency, p. o. in Pembina co.. Dak. Ter. Sisson, tn. in Howell co., Mo. Pop.. 430. Sissonville, p. o. in Kanawha co., W. Va. Sister Bay, p. o. in Door co., Wis. Sisterdale, p. o. in Kendall co., Tex. Sistersville, p. v. in Tyler co., W. Va., on the Ohio R., 22 mis, N. of Elleuborough. Pop., 304. Sitka, p. V. in Alaska Ter., on the W. coast of Barauoff Island, on Sitka Straits. Sitka, p. o. in Martin co., Ind. Sitka, p. o. Newavgo co., Mich. Siuslatv, p. o. in Lane co., Oreg. Si veil's Bend, p. o.in Cooke co., Tex. Siverly, p. o. in Vinton co., Ohio, Six Corners, p. o. in Ottawa co., Mich. Six 9Iile, tn. in Franklin co.. Ark. Pop., 880. Six Slile, p. o. in Wayne co., 111. Six mile, p. o. in the v. of Hardenburg. in Jennings co^, Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 8 mis. E. of Seymour and 6 mis. W. of North Vernon. Six Mile Falls, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. Six Mile Run, p. v. in Bedford co.. Pa., on the Six Mile Run Branch of the Huntingdon & Broifl Top Mountain R. It., 214 mis. E. of Riddlesburgh. Six Oaks, p. o. in Olmsted co., Minn. Six Points, p. o. in Butler co.. Pa. Six Roads, p. o. in Bedford co., Pa. Six Runs, p. o. in Sampson co., N. C. Sixteen Mile Stand, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, 3 mis. from Symmes. , Skagct River rises in British Columbia, flows through Wash. Ter. and empties into the Gulf of Georgia. Skagit, p. o. in Whatcom co.. Wash. Ter. Skalkatao, p. o. in ISIissoula co., Mont, Ter. Skamania, co. in Wash. Ter., S. part. Pop., 133 ; in 1860, 173. It lies N. of the Columbia R. and is almost wholly occupied by the Cascade Mts., including Mt. St. Helens. Cascades is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Whe.at, 108 bush.; oats, 45 bush.; Irish pot's, 635 bush.; butter, 400 lbs.; hay, 191 tons. Cash value of farms, $17,0.50. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $-27,168. Value of manufactures, $3,050. Slq^mokawa, p. o. in Wahkiakum co.. Wash. Ter. Skaneateles, tn. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 4.524. SKANEATELES. 82S SMICKSBUEGH. •86 nneateles, p.v. in Onondaga co., N.Y. atN. extremity of Skaneateles Lake and at S. ter- minus of Skaneateles Branch of New York Central & Hudson River R. R., 7 mis. E. of Auburn and 17 S. W. of Syracuse ; a manufac- turing place. Pop., 1,409. One newspaper. Skaneateles liake, a beautiful sheet of water in Onondaga and Cayuga cos., N. Y., some 16 mis. long; has picturesque shores and abounds in fine fish. Much resorted to b3' tourists. It is drained northward into Seneca R. Sk«!el's Cross Roads, p. o. in Mercer CO., Ohio. Skelton, p. o. in Logan co., 111. Sklddy. p. V. in Morris co., Kans., on the Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 24 mis. from Council Grove. Pop. about .50. Skinner, p. o. in Bay co., Mich. Skinner, p. o. in Green co., Wis. Skinner's Eddy, p. v. in Wyoming co.. Pa., on the Susquehanna R. and the Pennsylvania and New Yoi'k Canal & Raili'oad Conipany's Line, 7 mis. N. W. of Meshoppen. Skinqnarter, p. o. in Chesterfield co., Va. Skipanon, p. o. in Clatsop co., Oreg. Sklppack (formerly Skippackville), p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., 10 mis. N. of Norris- town, the co. seat ; center of trade for fine agricultural surroundings. One newspaper. Skipperville, p. o. in Dale co., Ala. Skipton, p. o. in Talbot CO., Md. *Skipivith's liandlng:, p. v. in Issaqxiena CO., Miss., on the Mississippi R., 20 mis. above Tallulah. the co. seat, and 50 above Vicks- burgh. Pop., inclusive of precinct, 2,349. One newspaper. Skokomisli, p. v. in Mason co.. Wash. Ter., 10 mis N. W. of Oakland. Skooknmchnck, p. o. in Thurston co., Wash. Ter. Skootawat^nrmish River, a tributary of Black R., in Mich.; rises in Otsego co. and flows through Montmorency and Clicboygan COS., and empties into Cheboygan Lake. Skowhes^an, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Pop., 3,89.3. *Skowbcg:an, p. v. in the above tn.,on Kenne- bec R., opposite Bloomfleld and at the N. ter- minus of Skowhcgan Branch of M.aine Cen- tral R. R., 30 mis. N. of Augusta. The river here falls 28 feet perpendicularly, affording line water-power, which is employed by nu- merous boot and shoe factories, saw raills, etc. One newspaper. Skull Slioals, p. o. in Union district, S. C. Slab Fork, tn. in Wyoming co., W. Va. Pop., 480. Slack, p. o. in Mason co., Ky. % Slack Canyon, p. o. in Monterey CO., Cal. Slack Water, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Sladesburgh, p. o. in Crawford co.. Wis. Sladesville, p. o. in Hyde co., N. C. Slancsvllle, p. o. in Hampshire co., W. Va. Slash, p. o. in Grant CO., Ind. Slate, p. V. in Jennings co., Ind., 10 mis. from Vernon. Slate, tn. in Wood co., W. Va. Pop., 878. Slate Creek, p. o. in Idaho co., Idaho Ter. Slate Creek, p. o. in .Josephine co., Oreg. Slate Cut, p. o. in Clarke eo., Ind. Slateford, p. v. in Northampton co.. Pa., on the Delaware R. and the Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western R. R., 9 mis. N. of Belvi- dere, N. .1. Slate Hill, p. v. in Orange co.. N. Y., on the Unionville Branch of the Erie R. R., 6 mis. S. of ISIiddletown. Pop. about 50. Slate Hill, p. v. in York co.. Pa., 30 mis. E. S. E. of Yoik. Slate liick, p. v. in Armstrong co.. Pa., 6 mis. from Fri'('|iort. Slate Itlills, p. o. in Rappahannock co., Va. Slate Itan^e, tn. in Yuba co., Cal. Pop., 880. Slate River, tn. in Buckingham co., Va. Pop., 2,101. Slatersvllle, p. o. in Weber co.,Utah Ter. Slaterville, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., 4 mis. N. E. of Caroline Depot. Slaterville, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., 2]^ mis. from Blackstone, Mass. Slating-ton, p. borough in Lehigh CO., Pa., on the Lehigh R., the Lehigh Navigation Canal and the Lehigh Valley il. R..13 mis. S. E. of IMauch Chunk and IS nils. N. W. of AUentown. Noted for the extensive slate quarries in the neighborhood. Pop., 1,508. One newspaper. Slang'liter, p. o. in Kent co., Del. Slaughter, p. o. in King co.. Wash. Ter. Slausrhtersville, p. v. in Webster co., Kv., on the Evansville, Henderson & Nashville R. B., 27 mis. from Henderson. Pop., 130. Slavonia, p. o. in Saunders co., Nebr. Sleeping: Bear, tn. in Leelenaw co., Mich. Pop., 340. Sleepy Creek, tn. in Morgan co.,W. Va. Pop., 374. Sleepy Creek Bridge, p. v. in IVIorgan co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 17 mis. N. N. W. of Martinsburgh. Sleepy Eye, p. o. in Brown co., Minn. Sleepy Hole, tn.inNansemondco., Va. Pop., 2.112. Slickaway, p. o. in Fayette co., Ky. Slick Rock, p. o. in Barren co., Ky. Sligro, V. 'u Marshall co., Ind., 5 mis. from Ply- mouth. Sligo, p. o. in Montgomery CO., Md. Sligo, V. in Clinton co., Ohio. Sligo, V. in De Kalb co., Tenn. Sligo, p. V. in Clarion co.. Pa., 10 mis. E. of Pollock. Slingerlands, p. o. in Albany co., N. Y. Slippery Ford, p. o. in El Dorado co., Cal. Slippery Rock, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 879. Slippery Rock, p. v. in the above tn., 19 mis. N. W. of Butler. Slippery Rock, tn. in Lawrence co.. Pa. Pop., 1,778. Sloan, p. V. in Woodbury co., Iowa, on the Sioux City & Pacific R. R., 20% mis. S. S. E. of Sioux City. Sloan's Point, p. o. in Adair co.. Mo. Sloan's Station, tn. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Pop., 47*;. Sloan's Station, p. v. in the above tn., on the Ohio R. and the River Division of the Cleve- land & Pittsburgh R. R., 9 mis. N. of Bellaire. Sloansvllle, p. v. in Schoharie co., N. Y., SJ^ mis. N. of Central Bridge. Sloatsbnrg^h, p. v. in Rockland co.. N. Y., on the Erie R. R., 35 nils. N. of Jersey City. Pop. about 150. Slocum, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., .317. Slocum, p. o. in Luzerne co., Pa. Slocuin's, V. in Washington co., R. I. (See Slocum ville. the p. o.) Slocnm's Grove, p. o, in Muskegon co., Mich. Slocnmville, p. o. in the v. of Slocuin's in Washington co., R. 1., on the Stonington & Providence R. R., 9J^ mis. S. of East Green- wich. Smackover, tn. in Ouachita co.. Ark. Pop., 660. Small Point, p. v. in Sagadaho« co., Me., lb mis. from Bath. Smallwood. p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. Small Wood. tn. in Jasper co.. 111. Pop., 993. Smart's Station, p. o. in Monroe co., Ga. Smartt's Station, p. o. in Warren co.. Tenn. Smartville, p. v. in Y'uba co., Cal., 16 mis. from Marysville. Smeltzer^ tn. in Grant eo.. Wis. Pop., 1,591. Smetliport, p. v. and the co. seat of aicKean CO., Pa., on MarwinCr., 9 mis. E. of Alton on the Bradford Branch of the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. Lumbering is the principal industry. Pop., 231. One newspaper. Sniicksburgh, p. v. in Indiana CO., Pa., 23 mis. from Indiana. Pop., 143. SMILEY. 829 SMITH'S LANDING. Smiley, p. o. in Susquehanna co., Pa. Stnileytown, p. o. in Spencer Co., Ky. Smitli, tn. in Bradley co., Ark. Pop., 792. Sinitb, tn. in Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 282. Sinitli, tn. in Cross co., Ark. Pop., 1,515. Smith, tn. in Dallas Co., Ark. Pop., 1,030 Suiitli, tn. in Drew co., Ark. Pop., 502. Smitli, p. o. in Dade co., Ga. Smitli, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., 670. Smitii, tn. in Posey co., Ind. Pop., 988. Siuitli, tn. in Whitley co., Ind. Pop., 1,232. Smitb, CO. in Kans., N. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 60. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The co. is watered by the North Fork of the Solomon R. and its tribu- taries. Smith Centre is the co. seat. Cash value of farms, $25,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $9,600. Smitli, p. o. in the above co. Smith, tn. in Dade co., Mo. Pop., 504. Smith, tn. in Laclede co.. Mo. Pop., 1,146. Smith, tn. in Worth co., Mo. Pop., 88y. Smith, CO. in Miss., S. central part. Area about 620 sq. mis. Pop., 7,126 ; in i860, 7,638. Strong R. Intersects the N. W. corner ; the remaind- er of the CO. is drained by Leaf R. and its tributaries, as Okahay Cr. and others. The surface is gently undulating and the soil pro- ductive. Kaleigh is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 357 bush.; Indian-corn, 144,688 bush.; oats, 8,149 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,. 556 bush.; sweet pot's, 28,286 bush.; cotton, 2,411 bales ; butter, 22,488 lbs. Cash value of farms, $164,452. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $401,429. Value oi manufactures, $21,951. Smith, tn. in Belmont co., Ohio. Pop., 1,777. Smith, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio Pop., 1,685. Smith, tn. in Washington co., Pa. Pop., 2,067. Smith, CO. in Tenn., N. ijart. Area, 370 sq. mis. Pop., 1.5,994; in 1860, 16,357. The larger part of the co. belongs to the central basin of Tenn. and has an exceedingly rich soil. The north-eastern part is undulating. The Cum- berland R. intersects the co. from W. to E. and receives Rock R. Carthage is theco. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 126,059 bush.; rye, 3,833 bush.; Indian-corn, 888,078 bush.; oats, 72,528 bush.: Irish pot's, 17,996 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,163 bush.; tobacco, 2,250,202 lbs.; butter, 255,723 lbs.; hay, 1,7.57 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,182,929. 'Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,278,088. Value of manufac- tures, $122,937. Smith, CO. in Tex., N. E. part. Area, 500 sq. nils. Pop., 16,532; in 1860, 13,392. The surface consists mainly of fertile prairie land. The Sabine R. forms the northern boundary, and the Neches R. part of the western. The co. is also drained by the head waters of the Ange- lina R. Tyler is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, l,427bush.; rye, 351 bush.; Indian-corn, 420,646 bush.; oats, 2,010 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,555busli.; sweet pot's, 54,987 bush.; cotton, 9,322 bales ; butter, 109,856 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,382,113. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,256,126. Value of manufactures, $121,175. Smithborongh, p. o. in Bond CO., 111. Smith Centre, p. o. and the co. seat of Smith CO., Kans. Smith Creek, p. o. Wakulla co., Fla. Smilhdale, p. o. in Livingston co., 111. Smithtield, tn. in De Kalb co., Ind. Pop., 1,342. Sniithfleld, v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Waterloo City. Smitiifield, p. o. in Fulton co., 111. Smithtield, tn. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., 638. Smithtield, p. o. in Butler co., Kans. Smithtield, p. y. in Henry co., Ky., on Lex- ington Branch of the Louisville, Cincinnati & Lexington R. R., 35 mis. E. by N. of Louisville. Pop. about 160. Smithtield, tn. in Somerset co., Me. Pop., 704. Smithtield, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from North Belgrade. Smithtield, p. v. in Wabashaco,, Minn., 9 mis. from Weaver. Smithtield, p. o. in .Jasper co., Mo. Smithtield, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Pop., Smithfield, p. v. and the co. seat of Johnson CO., N. C, on the Neuse R., 3 mis. W. of Selma. Pop., 415. Smithtield, tn. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Pon.^ 1,761. *^Smithfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Rush Run. Pop., 415. Smithtield, p. v. in Fayette co., Pa., 9 mis. from Uniontown. Smithfield, tn. in Bradford co., Pa. Pop., 1.7'JU. Smithtield, tn. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 1,443. Sniithfleld, tn. in Providence co., R. 1. Pop., 2,605. Smithfield, p. v. in Cache co., Utah Ter., in the Cache Valley, 8 mis. N. of Logan. Pop., 744. Sniithfleld, p. v. and the co. seat of Isle of Wight CO., 15 mis. N. K. of Zuni. Pop., 652. Smithfield, tn. in Roane co., "W. Va. Pop., l,o«. Sniithfleld Snmmit, p. o in Bradford co., Pa. Smith tiirove, p. o. in Davie co., N. C. Smith Lake, p. o. in Wright co., Minn. Smithlaiid, p. o. in Shelby co., Ind. Smithland, p. v. in Woodbury co., Iowa, on the Little Sioux R., 18 mis. N. E. of Onawa City. Smithland, p. o. in .Jackson co., Kans. *S>mithland, p. v. and the co. seat of Livings- ton CO., Ky., on the Ohio R., 11 mis. from Pa- dueah. Pop., 690. Smithland, p. o. in Cedar co., Nebr. Smith River, tn. in Del Norte co., Cal. Pop., 564. Smith River, p. o. in the above tn. Smith Road, p. o. in Medina CO., Ohio. Smith's Basin, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., on the Champlain Canal ami the Saratoga & Whitehall Branch of the Rensselaer & Sara- toga R. R., 1% mis. N. E. of Fort Edward. Smithsborough, p. v. in Tioga co., N. X., on the East Branch of the Susquehanna R. and the Erie R. R., d'^ mis. S. W. of Owego. Pop., 304. Smithsbnrg'h, p. v. in Washington co., Md., S}4 mis. from Hagerstown. Pop., 459. Smith's Corners, p. o. in Oceana co., Mich. Smith's Creek, p. v. in St. Clair co., Mich., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 10 mis. N. E. of Richmond. Smith's Creek, p. v. in Washington co., Va., 9 mis. from Abingdon. Smith's Cross Roads, p. v. in Rhea co., Tenn., 16 mis. from Pikeville. Smith's Cross Roads, p. o. in Mecklenburgh CO., Va. Smith's Ferry, V. in Hampshire co. , Mass., on Connecticut River R. R., 5 mis. N. of Holyoke. Smith's Ferry, p. v. in Beaver co., Pa., on the Ohio R. and the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 121^ mis. W. of Beaver. Smith's Ford, p. o. in Cabarrus co., N. C. Smith's Ford, p. o. in Union district, S. C. Smith's Oap, p. o. in Hampshire co., W. Va. Smith's tirove, p. v. in Warren co., Ky., on the Louisville & Nashville R. R., 100 mis. from Louisville. Pop. about 150. Smith's Landings, v. in Monroe co., 111., 6 ml3» from Sulphur Springs, Mo. The p. o. is Mer- rimac Point. Smith's lianding:, p. v. in Atlantic co., N. J., 'i^ mis. from Absecom. SMITH'S LANDING. 830 SNAKE RIVER. Smith's Liandlng, p. o. in Clermont co., Ohio. Smith's lUills, p. v. in Henderson CO., Ky., 1% nils, from Henderson. Smith's Mills, p. o. in Passaic CO., N. J. Smith's Mills, p. v. in <;iiautauqua co., N". Y., on the Erie K. R., 12 mis. E. of Dunkirk. Pop., I'iS. Smith's Mills, p. v. in Clearfield CO., Pa., 19 nils, from Tyrone. Smithson's Valley, p. o. in Comal co., Tex. Smith's Ranch, p. v. in Sonoma co., Cal., 17 mis. from Santa Rosa. Smith's Rid^e, p. o. in Fairfield co.. Conn. Smith's River, tn. in Patrick co., Va. Pop., 3,36G. Smith's River, a tributary of the Dan R.; rises east of the Blue Ridge of Va., in Patrick CO., fiows through Henry co. and joins Dan R. in northern N. C. Smith's Station, p. v. in Lee co., Ala., on the Columbus Branch of the Western R. R., 8 mis. from Columbus. Smith's Station, p. o. in Hinds co.. Miss. Smith's Station, p. o. in York co., Pa. Smith's Turn Out, p. O. in York district, S. C. Smith's Valley, p. o. in Johnson co., Ind. Smithton, p. o. in St. Clair co., 111. Smithton, p. v. in Pettis co.. Mo., on the Mis- souri Piicitic R. R., 1)4 mis. E. of Sedalia. Smithton, p. v. in Doddridge co., W. Va., on the Parkersburgh Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio li. R., '2}/; mis. E. of West Union. Smithtown, tn. in Sufl'olk co., N. Y. Pop., 2,13fj. Smithtown, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. of Suffolk. Smithtown Branch, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., 6 mis. N. by E. of Suffolk. Smith Valley, p. v. in Schuyler co., N. Y.,9i^ mis. from Havana. Smithville, p. v. in Lawrence co., Arlc, 12.5 mis. N. N. E. of Little Rock and 10 mis. W. of Black R. Pop., 126. One newspaper. Smithville. p. v. in Lee co., Ga., on Central R. R. ol Georgia at junction of Eufaula Branch of same, r2 mis. S. of Americus. Pop. about 200. Smithville, p. v. in Peoria co.. 111., 10 mis. W. of Dowdallville, on the Toledo, Peoria & War- saw R. R., 3 mis. S. of Peoria. Smithville, p. v. in Monroe co , Ind., on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R., 7% mis. S. of Bloomington. Smithville, p. o. in Clay co., Kans. Smithville, p. o. in Caroline co., Md. Smithville, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., 14 nils, fi oin West Brookfleld. Smithville, p. o. in Midland CO., Mich. Smithville, p. v. in Monroe co.. Miss., 19 mis. E. of (Jkolona. Smithville, p. v. in Clay co., Mo., 15 mis. N. W. of Lil)erty. Smithville, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J., on the Raueocas R. and Peniberton & Heights- town Branch of the Amboy Division of Penn- sylvania R. R., 3 mis. E. of Mt. Holly. A man- ufacturing place with one newspaper. Smithville, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 1,40.'). Smithville, p. v. in Jefl'erson co., N. Y., 6mls. from Ailams Centre. Smithville, p. v. and the co. seat of Bruns- wick CO., N. C, on Cape Fear R., 22 mis. N. of Wilmington. Pop., SIO. ^Smithville, p. v. in Wayne co., Ohio, 6 mis. from Wiioster. Smithville, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Smithville, p. v. and the co. seat ot De Kalb CO., Ttnn., IS mis. from McMinnville. Smithville Flats, p. v. in Chenango co., N. W, (i mis. N. of Greene. Smithville South, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y. Smithville Station, p. o. in Wayneco., Ohio. Smithwick Mills, p. o. in Burnet co., Tex. Smitsonville, p. o. in Harrison co., Ky. Smitten, p. o. In Indiana co., Pa. Smoky, tn. in Trego co., Kans. Pop., 40. Smoky, tn. in Ellis CO., Kans. Pop., 18. Smoky Hill, tn. in McPherson co., Eans. Pop., 34S. Smoky Hill, p. o. in McPherson co.. Kans. Smoky Ordinary, p. o. in Brunswick co., Va. *Smyrna, p. v. in Kent co., Del., near Duck Cr., and at E. terminus of Smyrna Branch of Delaware R. R., 39 mis. S. of Wilmington and 7 N. of Dover. Has several manufactories, and is center of an extensive peach-growing district. The second tn. in the state in com. mercial importance. Pop., 2,110. Two news- papers. Smyrna, p. o. in Cobb co., Ga. Smyrna, tn. in Jefferson co., Ind. Pop., 1,4S6. Smyrna, p. v. in Clarke co., Iowa, 5 mis. S. of Ottawa. Smyrna, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop., 159. Smyrna, p. o. in the above tn. Smyrna, p. v. in Ionia co., Mich., 8 mis. S. of Kiddville. Smyrna, tn. in Chenango co., N. Y. Pop., 1,BG8. Smyrna, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Y'ork & Oswego Midland R. R. at connection with the Utica, Chenango & Susquehanna Val- ley R. R., 11 mis. N. of Norwich, the co. seat. Smyrna, p. v. in Harrison co., Ohio, 19 mis. S. W. of Cadiz. Smyrna, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 3 mis. W. S. W. of Christiana. Smyrnii, p. v. in Rutherford co.,Tenn.,onthe Nashville & Chattanooga R. R., 11 mis. from Murfreesboro. Smyrna Mills, p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me. Smyser's, v. in York co.. Pa., on the Northern Central R. R., 1 mle. N. of Hanover Junction. The p. o. is Seven Valleys. Smyth, CO. in Va.. S. W. part. Area about 620 sq. mis. Pop., 8,898 ; in 18G0, 8.9.52. It extends from the Clinch Mts., in the N. N. W., to the Iron Mts., in the S. S. E., and includes several other ranges and the valleys of the North, Middle and South Forks of the Ilolston R. The soil of these valleys Is productive and well ad.apted to stock raising. The Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R. passes througli the CO., extending along the valley of the Middle Fork of the Ilolston. Marion is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 44,681 bu.sh.; rye, 9,756 bush.; Indian-corn, 96,829 bush.; oats, 66,323 bush.; Irish pot's, 6,049 bush.; sweet pot's, 26 bush.; butter, 64,910 lbs.; hay, 3,327 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,755,188. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $303,282. Value of manufactures, $134,577. Snachwine, p. o. in the v. of Putnam, in Put- nam CO. 111., on the Peoria Branch of the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacitic R. R., 8 mis. S. of Bureau Junction. Snake Prairie, p. o. in Bastrop co., Tex. Snake River, or L,ewis Fork, the largest tril)utarv of the Columbia R., issues from a small lake in the National Park of the Yellow Stone (Uintah co., IVyo. Ter.), which was until lately supposed to be the source of the Madison R. It thence fiows S. through a val- lev between the Rocky Mts. and the Teton Range, doiililing the southern extremity of this, and turning N. W. as far as the 110th meridian. Here it turns S. W., skirting the extensive plain known as the Camas Prairie. It gradually again changes its direction to the N. W. and flows due N., nearly along the 117th meridian, forming the boundary Ix^ween Ida- ho Tt>i. and Oreg. It then sweeps in a wide curve through S. E. Wash. Ter. and joins the Columliia about 10 mis. above the old fort Walla Walla. This noble stream is over 1,000 mis. long, and precipitates itself in South. SNAKE ROOT. 831 SODORUS. ern Idaho Ter. over rocky ledges, forming falls, one of which is said to surpass Niagara Falls in height, volume of water and grandeur of scenery. The tributaries are Henry's Fork, W. of the Teton Range ; Porte Neuve R., in S. K. Idaho Ter.; Goose Cr., Malade II., Bruneau R., Owyhee R., Boise R., Payette R.; Salmon R., which drains Central Idaho : Grande Ronde R., in N. E. Oreg.; Clearwater R., and Palouse R. Snake Root, p.o. in McDowell co., Va. Snake Springy, tn. in Bedford co., Pa. Pop., 631. Snapping Shoals, p. v. in Newton co., Ga., 11% mis. from Covington. Snead's Ferry, p. o. in Onslow co., N. C. Sneilekerville, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Sneedsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Han- cock CO., Tenn., 18 mis. from Rogersville. Pop., 177. *Snelllng, p. v. and the co. seat of Merced CO., Cal., on Merced R., 65 mis. S. E. of Stock- ton. Surrounded by a mihing and stock- raising i-egion. One newspaper. Snlabar, tn. in Jackson co.. Mo. Pop., 2,707. Sni'abar, tn. in La Fayette co., Mo. Pop., 1,550. Suibar, p. o. in the above tn. Snicarte, p. o. in Mason co.. 111. Suickersville, p. v. in Loudoun co., Va., at the base of the Blue Ridge, lOJ^ mis. W. of Hamilton. Snidersville, p. o. in Outagamie co., "Wis. Snipe's Store, p. o. in Chatham co., N. C. Snoddy's jHEills, p. o. in Fountain co., Ind. Snohomish, co. in Wash. Ter., N. part. Pop., 599. it extends from the Cascade Mt. in the E. to Puget Sound, with Port Susan and Port Gardner in the W., and is drained by the Sno- homish and Stiligamish, or Staluk-whamish Rs. The western portion of the co. is level and well timbered ; the eastern is mountain- ous. Snohomish is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 145 bush.; oats, 1,290 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,680 bush.; butter, 2,200 lbs.; hay, 857 tons. Cash value of farms, $81,- 570. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $48,8.55. Total value of manufactures, $8,825. Snohomish, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on the Snohomish R. Snohomish River, in Wash. Ter.; rises in Cascade Mts. of King co., flows W. and then N. and empties into Port Gardner, a portion of Admiralty Inlet. Snoqualihie, p. o. in King co.. Wash. Ter. Snow Camp, p. v. in Alamance co., N. C, 17 mis. from Graham. Snow Creek, p. o. in Iredell co., N. C. Snow Creek, p. o. in Pickens district, S. C. Snow Creek, p. o. in Smith co., Tenn. Snow Creek, tn. in Franklin co., Va. Pop., 2,519. Snow Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Snowden, tn. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Pop., 1,258. Snowdonn, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ala. Snow Falls, p. v. in Oxford co., M:e.,3 mis. from West Paris. Snow Hill, p. V. in Wilcox co., Ala., at S. ter- minus of Selma & Gulf R. R., 30 mis. S. of Selma. Snow Hill, p. o. in Catoosa co., Ga. Snow Hill, p. o. in Randolph co., Ind. Snow Hill, p. o. in Page co., Iowa. *Snow Hill, p. V. and the co. seat of Worces- ter CO., Md., on the left bank of Pocomoke R. 20 mis. from its mouth, and at S. E. ter- minus of Wicomico, Pocomoke & Worcester R. R., 37 mis. by rail S. E. of Salisbury. An important shipping point for oysters, fruit and garden products. Pop., 960. One news- paper. Snow Hill, p. V. and the co. seat of Greene CO., N. C, U mis. from Kingston. Pop., 320. Snow Hill, p. o. in Titus co., Tex. Snow Hill, p. o. in Surry co., Va. Snow Hill, p. o. in Nicholas co., W. Va. Snow Shoe, tn. in Centre co., Pa. Pop., 1,162. Snow Shoe, p. v. in the above tn., at N. ter- minus of Snow Shoe Bi-anch of the Bald Eagle Division of the Pennsylvania R. R., 12 mis. N. W. of Snow Shoe Intersection. Snow Shoe Intersection, a station on the Bald Eagle Division of tlie Pennsylvania R. R., 2 mis. S. W. of Milesburgh. Snowsville, p. o. in Hamilton co., Tex. Snow^ville, v. in Choctaw co.. Miss. Snowville, p. v. In Pulaski co., Va., near the line of the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R.. 12 mis. W. of Christianburgh. Surrounded by a inineral section. One newspaper, Snnffletown, v. in Sussex co., N. J. Snyder, p, o. in Ashley co., Ark. Snyder, p. o. in Dallas co., Iowa. Snyder, co. in Pa., central part. Pop., 15,606; in 18<30, 1.5,03.5. The Susquehanna R. forms the eastern boundary ; the West Mahantango Cr. part of the southern, and Jack's Mt. part of the northern. Shade Mt. intersects the co. from W. to E. and terminates near Selin's Grove. The Middle Creek R. R. passes through the CO. Middleburgh is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 247',381 bush.; rye, 12,752 bush.; oats, 283,841 bush.; Indian-corn, 25.5,831 bush.; Irish pot's, 7.3.178 bush.; sweet pot's, 711 bush.; butter, 241,246 lbs.; hay. 18,939 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,769,403. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,209,819. Value of manufactures, $.591,449. Snyder, tn. in Blair co.. Pa. Pop., 1,412. Snyder, tn. in Jefferson co.. Pa. Pop., 792. Snydersville, p. v. in Monroe co.. Pa., 6 mis. W. of Stroudsburgh. Snydertown, p. v. in Northumberland co., Pa., on the Shamokin Branch of the Northern Central R. R., 7 mis. E. of Sunbury. Soap Creek, tn. in Davis co., Iowa. Pop., 817. ♦Social Circle, p. v. in Walton co., Ga., on the Georgia R. R., 10 mis. E. of Covington and 51 mis. £. of Atlanta. Trade center for surroundings. Pop., 405. One newspaper. Society Hill, p. o. in Macon co., Ala. Society Hill, p. v. in Darlington district, S. C, on the Cheraw & Darlington R. R., 15 mis. N. of Darlington Court House. Socorro, co. in N. Mex. Ter., W. pai"t. Pop., 6,603 ; in 1860, 5,787. This large co. consists of a lofty table-land, which is intersected from N. to S. by the Rio Grande. The valley of this stream is bordered on the E. by several ranges belonging to the Rocky Mt. system, as the Sierra de Abo, Sierra del" Oso and Sier- ra del Caballo. The Sierra Madalena rises W. of the Rio Grande ; the Mimln-es Mts. oc- cupy the southern part of the co., and the Sierra de Datili intersects tlie north-western pai't. The co. is also watered by the head waters of the Gila R., a tributaiy of the Rio Colorado of the West. Socorro is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 26,889 bush.; oats, 30 bush.; Indian-corn, 26,860 bush.; Irish pot's, 12 bush. Cash value of farms, $113,040. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $114,- 472. "Value of manufactures, $44,8;^(). Socorro, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on the Rio Grande, about 150 mis. S. of Santa Fe. Pop., 921. Socorro, p. v. in El Paso CO., Tex., on the Rio Grande, 10 mis. S. of El Paso. Soda Bar, p. v. 'in Palo Alto CO., Iowa, on the Des Moines R., 22 mis. W. of Algona. Soda Springs, p. v. in Oneida co., Idaho Ter. Pop., 144. Soddy, p. o. in Hamilton co., Tenn. Sod Hill, p. o. in Lancaster co., Nebr. Sodorus, p. V. in Champ.aign co.. 111., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 4 mis. from Tolono. Pop. about 300. SODUS. 832 SOMERSET. Sodns, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., 906. Sodus, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Ben- ton Harbor. Sodns, tn. in "Wayne co., K. T. Pop., 4,631. Sodtis, p. V. in the above tn., U}4 mis. N. N. E. of Newark Station. Pop., 516. Siodns Bay, in Wayne co., N. Y.; juts in from the S. shore of Lake Ontario. It is 5 mis. long by 3 wide, and affords a completely land- locked harbor. Sodns Centre, p. v. in Wayne co., N. Y., 10 mis. from Lyons. Sodiis Point, p. v. in Wayne co., N. Y., at N. terminus of the Sodus Point & Southern E. R., 14 mis. N. of Lyons on the New York Cen- tral & Hudson River R. R. It overlooks the entrance to Sodus B. and is a delightful sum- mer resort. Solano, CO. in Cal., central part. Pop., 16,871 ; in ISBO, 7,169. It is bounded on the S. by the delta of the Sacramento R., i^uisun B., the Straits of Carquhies and the B. of San Pa- blo, and on the N. by Putah Cr. The surface consists mostly of level plains and fertile valleys ; there are no mountains within its limits. The Arroyo Alamo is the principal stream. • Fully two-thirds of the co. is arable, and was formerly covered with wild oats and grasses ; tlie balance is valuable for cattle and sheep raising. Timber is scarce. Wheat, barley, oats, corn, potatoes, hay, wool, fruits and grapes are the staples. The California Pacific R. R., from Vallejo to Sacramento, in- tersects the CO. Suisun City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: "Wheat, 1,949,418 bush.; rye, 20 bush.; Indian-corn, 3,7.50 bush.; oats, 5,442 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,950 bush.; sweet pot's, 960 bush.; wool, 306,817 lbs.; butter, 119,- 969 lbs.; hay, 37,469 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,170,758. Total, estimated , value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., «i3,170,535. Value of manufactures, $811,297. Soldier, tn. in Jlonona co., Iowa. Pop., 193. Soldier, p. o. in Monona co., Iowa. Soldier, p. o. in Republic co., Kans. Soldier, tn. in Shawnee co., Kans. Pop., 1,430. Soldier's tJrove, p. o. in Crawford co.. Wis. Soldier Valley, p. o. in Harrison co., Iowa. Soledad, tn. in Los Angeles co., Cal. Pop., 265. Soledad, p. o. in Monterey co., Cal. Solemn Grove, p. o. in Moore co., N. C. Solesbnry, tn. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pop., 2,791. Solitnde, p. o. in Posey CO., Ind. Solitude, p. o. in Ashe CO., N. C. Solo, p. o. in Davidson co., N. C. Solomon, tn. in Cloud co., Kans. Pop., 51.3. Solomon, tn. in Saline co., Kans. Pop., 581. ♦Solomon I'ity, u. v. in the above tn., on the Kansas Pacific R. R., near the junction of Solomon and Smoky Hill Rs., 104 mis. W. of Topeka. Pop., .500. Two neSvspapers. Solomon Rapids, p. o. in ISIitchell co., Kans. Solomon's Island, p. o. in Calvert co., Md. Solomons River, a tributary of the Smoky Hill Fork of the Kansas ll., in Kans.; is formed by the North and South Forks (wliich rise in Tliomas co.), flows E. to Mitchell co., whence it turns S. E. and empties on the boundary between Saline and Dickinson cos. Solon, p. V. in Johnson CO., Iowa, on the Bur- lington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 17 mis. S. E. of Cedar Rapids. Solon, tn. in Somerset co.. Me. Pop., 1,176. *Solon, p. V. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Skowhegan. Solon, tn. in Kent CO., Mich. Pop., 911. Solon, p. o. in Leelenaw CO., Midi. Solon, p. o. in Otoe co., Nebi*. Solon, tn. in Cortland CO., N. Y. Pop., 872. Solon, p. V. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Cort- land. Solon, tn. in Cuyahoga CO., Ohio. Pop., 899. Solon, p. V. in the above tn., on the Mahon- ing Division of the Atlantic & CJreat Western B. R., n% mis. S. E. of Cleveland. Solon, p. o. in White co., Tenn. Solon Mills, p. o. in McHenry co., IlL Solsberry, p. v. in Greene co. Ind., 13 mis. from Worthington. Solsville, p. V. in Madison co., N. Y., on the Utica, Clinton & Blnghamton R. R., 4 mis. S. AV. of Oriskany Falls. Somerfield, p. v. in Somerset co.. Pa., on the Youghiogheny R., 4 mis. S. of Confluence and 18V^ mis. S. E. of Uniontown. Somerford, tn. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 9*5. Somers, tn. in Tolland co., Conn. Pop., 1,247. Somers, p. v. in the above tn., lOJ^ mis. S. E. of Thompsonville. Somers, tn. in Champaign co. 111. Pop., 1,120. Somers, tn. in Westchester co., N. Y. Pop., 1,721. Somers, p. v. in the above tn., IJ^ mle. W. Of Purdv's Station. Somers, tn, in Preble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,862. Somers, tn. in Kenosha CO., Wis. Pop., 1,359. Somers, p. o. in the above tn. Somers Center, p. o. in Westchester co., N. Y. Somerset, tn. in Salem co., 111. Pop., 800. Somerset, p. o. in Saline co., 111. Somerset, p. v. in Wabash co., Ind., 9 mis. from Wabash. Pop., 371. Somerset, p. v. in»Miami eo., Kans., near the Osage Division of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 7 mis. E. of Paola. Somerset, p. v. and the co. seat of Pulaski co., Ky., .5V^ mis. from Waitsborough. The sur- rounding country contains coal and iron ore. Pop., 687. Somerset, CO. in Me., W. part. Area about 3,800 sq. mis. Pop., 34,611 ; in 1860, 36,753. It is bounded on the N. W. by the Height of Land, ■which separates it from Canada. Tlie St. John R. rises in the northern part. The Pe- nobscot and Moore Rs. intersect the central part from W. to E., and the southern part is drained by the Kennebec R. and its tribu- taries. The surface is hilly or rolling, and the soil in the valleys fertile. Norridgewock is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 31,202 bush.; rye, 1.965 bush.; Indian- corn, 10 SONORA. 834 SOUTH BALLSTON. eastern part of Humboldt co., Nev., termin- ating on the S. bank of the Humboldt R., and containhig numerous silver mines. Soiiora, tn. In Tuolumne co., Cal. Pop., 2,489. •Sonora, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Calaveras Big Tree Route to "i'o- semite Valley, 45 mis. E. of Stockton. Center of mining and lumber interests. Marble, slate, soapstone and other mineral deposits in the neighborhood. Pop., 1,322. Onenews- paper. Sonora, tn. in Hancock co., 111. Pop,, 1,4^. Soiiora, p. V. in the above tn., on the Missis- sippi R., 8 mis. N. of Hamilton. tSonora, p. v. in Hardin co., Ky., on the Louis- ville & Nashville R. R., 13 mis. from Eliza- bethtown. Pop., 266. 8oiiora, p. o. in Chickasaw co., Miss. Soiiora, p. o. in Atchison co.. Mo. Sonora, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., i]4 m.ls. from Savona. Sonora, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, on the Central Ohio Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 7 mis. E. of Zanesville. Sopchoppy, p. o. in Wakulla co., Fla. SoqncI, tn. in Santa Cruz co., Cal. Pop., 1,193. Soquel, p. V. in the above tn., on Monterey B., 4 mis. from Santa Cruz. SoradoviHe, p. o. in Mifflin co., Pa. Sorg'hotowii, p. o. in Daviess co., Ky. !>>orrel Horse, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., 614 nils, from Jenkintown. ISoscol, or Stiscol, p. v. in Napa co., Cal., on Napa Cr. and California Pacific R. R., 3 mis. S. of Napa City. Sothcr, p. o. ill Nemaha co., Kans. Sott., tn. in Sheboygan co.. Wis. Pop., 1,448. fSoudersbnrgli, p. v. in Lancaster co., Pa., 2 mis. from Gordonsville. SouUcr's Station, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., on the North Pennsylvania R. R., 4 mis. S. of Sellcrsville. Sour l.aKc, p. o. in Hardin co., Tex. Sour Spring', p. o. in Caldwell co., Tex. Sontti, tn. in Siskiyou co., Cal. Pop., 939. South, tn. in jNIadison co., Iowa. Pop., 1,040. Soutli, tn. in Dade co., iMo. Pop., 1,029. Soutli Abiugton, p. v. in Plymouth CO., Mass., on the Plvmouth Branch and the Bridgewater Branch of the Old Colony R. R., 21 mis. S. E. Of Boston. Has boot and shoe manufacto- ries. South Acton, p. o. in York co.. Me. South Acton, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the main lino and the Marlborough Branch of the Kitchburgh R. R., 25 mis. N. W. of Bos- ton. South Acworth, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. H., 12 nils, from Bellows Falls, Vt. Soutli Adams, v. in Berkshire co., Mass., on the Pittslield & Adams R. R., 13 mis. N. by E. of Pittsfield. It has manufactories of cotton goods, woollen goods, furniture and machin- ery. South Addison, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., 3 mis. from Addison. South Alabama, p. v. inGenesee co.,N. Y.,9)/^ ml.s. from Hatavia. South Albany, p. v. in Orleans co., Vt.,9mls. from Barton. South Albion, p. v. in Kennebec co.. Me., 12 mis. from Winslow. South Albion, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. South Alton, V. in Belknap co., N. H., 20 mis. N. by E. of Concord. Soutli Aniboy, tn. in Middlesex co., N. J. Pop., 4,.52o. *South Amboy, p. v. in the above tn., on Rarilan B., 27 mis. S. W. of New Y'ork ; is the northern terminus of the Camden & Amboy R. It. it has an academy and some manufac- tories. South Amcnia, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y'., 2 mis. from Wassaic. South America, p. o. in Saline co., Ill, South Amesbnry, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., 5 mis. from Amesbury. South Amherst, p. v. in Hampshire co., Mass., 3 mis. S. of Amherst. Southampton, p. v. in Peoria co.. 111., 8 mis. from Chillicotlie. Southampton, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., 1,159. Southampton, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Haven & NorthamiJton R. R., 7 mis. N. of Westfleld. Southampton, tn. in Burlington co., N. J, Pop., 2,:i74. Southampton, tn. in SuflFolk co., N. Y. Pop., 6,135. Southampton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Sag Harbor Branch of the Long Island R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Sag Harbor. Pop., 943. Southampton, tn. in Bedford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,647. Southampton, tn.' in Bucks co.. Pa. Pop., 1,.3!)3. Southampton, tn. in Cumberl.and CO., Pa. Pop., 2,050. Southampton, tn. in Franklin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,963. Southampton, tn. in Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., 963. Southampton, co. in Va., S. E. part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 12,285 ; in 1860. 12,915. The CO. is bounded on the S. by N. C, on the W. by the Meherrin R. and on the E. by the Blackwater R. It is also drained by the Not- toway R., which intersects it from N. N. W. to S. S. E. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The Seaboard & Roanoke R. R. passes through the southern part. Jerusa- lem is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,391 bush.; rye, 1,219 bush.; Indian- corn, 218,858 bush.; oats, 13,68:3 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,088 bush.; sweet pot's, 24,927 bush.; butter, 18,660 lbs.; hay, 280 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,203,975. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $539,316. Value of manufactures, $127,250. Southampton Hills, p.o. in Somerset co.. Pa. South Andover, p. v. in Oxford co.. Me., 20 mis. N. W. of Bryant's Pond. South Ann, tn. in Charlevoix co., Mich. Pop., 400. South Anville, tn. in Lebanon co.. Pa. Pop., 1,856. South Apalachin, p. o. in Tioga co., N. Y. South Argyle, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. South Argyle, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., 8 mis. from Fort Edward. South Arkansas, p. o. in Lake co., Colo. South Arlington, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ohio. South Ashburnliam, v. in Worcester co., Mass., at the junction of the Cheshire R. R. with the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 10 mis. from Fitchburgh and 4 mis. from North Ashburnliam. South Ashfleld, p. v. in Franklin co., Mass., 9 mis. from Shelburne Falls. South Athol, p. o. in Worcester co., Mass. South Atkinson, p. v. in Piscataciuis CO., Me., 8 mis. from Dover. South Attleborough, p. v. in Bristol CO., Mass., 4 mis. from Attleborouo:h. South Auburn, p. v. in Androscoggin co.. Me., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 1 mle. N. W. of Danville. South Auburn, p. o. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. South Avon, p. v. in Livingston, N. Y., 3 mis. S. of Avon. South Bainbridgc, v. in Chenango CO., N. Y., on tliu Susquehanna R. South Ballard, p. o. in Ballard co., Ky. South Ballston, p. o. in the v. of Half-way House, in Saratoga CO., N. Y., on the Saratoga and Schenectady Branch of the Rensselaer * Saratoga R. R., 7J4 mis. S. of Ballston. SOUTPI BANCROFT. 835 SOUTH CAEOLINA. SontSi Bancroft, p. o. in Aroostook co., Me. Sonth Baiig^or, p. o. in Buckiiigliam co., Va. Sontli BariiNteatl, p. o. in Belknap co., N. H. Sonth Barre, p. o. in Orleans co., X. Y. South Barre, p. v. in 'SViisliinston co., Vt., "J-^ nils, from Montpelier. South Barton, p. v. in Orleans co., Vt., on the Connecticut & Passampsic Rivers R. R., '29 mis. N. of St. Johnsbnry. Sonth Beaver, tn. in Beaver co., Pa. Pop., 1,206. Sonth Beddington, p. o. in Washington co.. Me. South Belmont, p. o. in Waklo co.. Me. Sonth Bend, p. o. in Lincoln CO., Ark. ♦South Bend, city, and co. seat of St. Joseph CO., inch, on the W. hank of the St. Joseph 1^., at its S. bend (hence tlie name), and on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., at present S. W. terminus of Peninsula R. R. and at S. terminus of South Bend Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 8.t mis. E. by S. of Chicago. It is at the head of navigation on the river, and a dam at this point provides fine water-power, employed largely in manu- facturing, especiall5' wagons and agricultural Implements. The city is an important ship- ping point, and enjoj-s a largo local trade. It is the seat of Notre Dame College (Catho- lic) and several other flourishing educational institutions. Pop. in 1850, 1,652 ; in 1860, 3,803 ; in 1870, 7,206. Three newspapers. Sonth Bend, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., o'M. Sonth Bend, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Paul & Sioux City R. R., i mis. S. VV. of 3Ian- kato. Pop., 301. South Bend, p. o. in Cass co., Nebr. South Bend, tn. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Pop., 1,127. South Bend, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. fron\ Apollo. Sonth Bend, p. v. in Trempealeau co.. Wis., 20 mis. from Galesville. South Berlin, p.o. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. South Berne, p. o. in Albanj' co., N. Y. South Berwick, tn. in York co.. Me. Pop., 2,510. *South Berwick, p. v. in the above tn., on the .Salmon Falls R., the Boston & Maine R. R. anil the Portsmouth, Great Falls & Conway R. R., 45 mis. S. W. of Portland. It is the seat of an academy and has a cotton mill and other manufactories. South Berwick Junction, p. v. in York co.. Me., on the Boston & Maine R. R. and the Portland, Saco & Portsmouth R. R., 1 mle. N. of South Berwick. South Bethany p. o. in Bartholomew co., Ind. *South Bethlehem, p. borough in North- ampton CO., Pa., on the S. bank of the Lehigh R., opposite Bethlehem, and on the Lehigh Valley R. R., the Lehigh & Susquehanna R.R. and tiie North Pennss'lvania R. R., 12 mis. W. of Easton and 51 N. of Philadelphia. Seat of Lehigh University. Center of an active trade and has large manufacturing interests, chiefly of iron. Pop., 3,556. Two newspa- pers. South Blendon, p. o. in Ottawa CO., Mich. South Bloomfield, p.o. in the v. of Bloom- field, in Pickaway co., Ohio, on the Ohio & Erie Canal and in the Seioto| Valley, 9 mis. N. of Cireleleville. The v. has 2s'3 inhabitants. Sonth Bloomfield, tn. in Morrow co., Ohio. Pop., 1.115. South Blooniing:ville, p. o. in the v. of Biooiningvillc, in Hocking CO., Ohio, 18 mis. S. AV. of Logan. The v. has 133 inhabitants. Sonth Bolivar, p. o. in Allegany co., N. Y. SontJL Bombay, p. o. in Franklin co., N. Y. Southboroug'h, tn. in Worcester co , Mass. Pop., 2,13.3. *Southboroug^h, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston, Clinton & Fitchburgh R. R., 6 mis. W. N. W. of South Framingham. Has cotton mills and other manufactories. South Bosque, p. o. in McLennan co., Tex. South Boston, v. in Washington co., Ind.. 3 nils, from Harristown. Sonth Boston, p. o. in loni.a co., Mich. Sonth Boston Depot, p. o. in the v. of Bos- ton, in Halifax eo., Va., on the Richmond & Danville R. R., 109 mis. from Riehniond. Sonth Bradford, v. in Merrimack Co., N. H., 22 mis. N. W. of Concord. Sonth Bradford, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. Sonth Braintree, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., at the junction of the Dighton & Somerset Branch with the Plymouth Branch of the Okl Colony R. R., 1)4^ mis. S. of Biaintree. Sonth Branch, tn. in Watonwan co., Minn. Pop., 146. South Branch, p. v. in Somerset co., N, J., 4 mis. from Uaritan. South Branch, p. o. in Bradford Co., Pa. South Branch Depot, p. v. in Hampshire CO., W. Va., on the Potomac R. and the Balti- more & Ohio R. R., 36 mis. W. of Hancock, Md. South Brewster, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., near the Cape Cod R. R., 15^ mis. E. N. E. of Barnstable. Sonthbridg'e, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., ,5,20S. *SoHthbridg:e, p. v. in the above tn., on a branch of the New York & New England R. R., 20 mis. S. W. of Worcester. A manufac- turing town and a trade center for the S. part of the eo. One newspaper. South Bridgeton, p. v. in Cumberland co., Me., 22 mis. from South Paris. South Bristol, p. v. in Lincoln co.. Me., 13J.^ mis. from Wiscasset. South Bristol, tn. in Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 1,218. South Bristol, p. o. in the above tn. South Britain, p. v. in New Haven eo.. Conn., 6 mis. from Newtown. Sonth Brookfleld, p. v. in Madison co., N. Y.. 14 mis. from Sherburne. Sonth Brooks, p. o. in Waldo eo., Sfe. Sonth Brooksvllle, p. o. in Hancock co., Me. South Brnnswlck, tn. in Middlesex co., N. J. Pop., 3,779. South Buffalo, tn. in Armstrong co., Pa. Pop., 1,633. Sonth Bnrlington, tn. in Chittenden co., Vt. Pop., 791. Sonthbury, tn. in New Haven co.. Conn. Pop., 1,318. Sonthbury, p. v. in the above tn.,9 mis. from Newtown. South Butler, p. o. in Butler co., Ala. South Butler, p. o. in Br.anch co., Mich. South Butler, p. v. in Wayne CO., N. Y., omls. from Savannah. South Bntler, p. o. in Sutter co., Cal. Sonth Byron, p. v. in Genesee co , N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 114 ™ls. E. of Ba- tavia. Sonth Cabot, p. o. in Washington co., Vt. Sonth Cairo, p. o. in Greene eo., N. Y. Sonth Cambridg'e, p. o. in Washington co., N. Y. Sonth Camden, p. o. in Hillsdale co., iSIich. South Cameron, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. South Canaan, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., 2 mis. N. E. of Falls Village. South Canaan, tn. in Wayne co.. Pa. Pop., 1,308. Sonth Canterbury, p. o. in Windham co., Conn. SOUTH CAROLINA, one of the 13 original states of the Union ; is bounded on the N. by N. C, on the S. W. by Ga., from which it is sepa- rated by the Savannah R., and on the 8. E. by the Atlantic Ocean. It has the shape of a tn- SOUTH CAROLINA. 836 SOUTH CAROLINA. angle, is 240 mis. long from E. to W. and 210 mis. •wide flora N. lo S., and extends from 32° to 35° K. lat., and 78° 35' to 83° 30' W. long. The area is 34,000 sq. mis., or 21,760,000 acres. Hur/ace.— The N. \V. corner of the state is monntainous, being occupied by the spurs and the outlying ranges of the Blue Ridge, the main crest of which forms for a short distance the boundary. From the base of the mountains tbe surface gently slopes down toward the sea- shore. About one-half of the state is rolling and undulating, and corresponds to the Middle Country of Va. The S. E. hall belongs to the Tide-water Region, is low, nearly level and di- versified by extensive swamps, which extend along nearly all the water-courses. A line, drawn from Hamburgh on the Savannah K. to Athens on the Saluda II., above Columbia, and to Chesterfield near the northern boundary, roughly marks the limit between the Tide- water and Middle countries. Jiivers. — S. C. is well watered by a number of streams, which all flow more or less directly from the N. W. to the S. E. The largest river Bystem lying chiefly within the limits of the state is tliat of the Santee. This stream is form- ed by the junction of the Wateree R., the upper course of which is called Catawba; with the Congaree, which is formed by Saluda and Broad Rs. The eastern part of the state is drained by the Waccamaw 11., which is formed by the Great and Little Pedee Rs., and empties intoWinyah B. The Cooper and Ashlej' Rs. empty into Charleston B., and inclose the peninsula on •which the city of Charleston lies. The Edisto and Combahee Rs. empty into St. Helena Sound, and the Coosawhatcliie R.into Port Royal Sound. The Savannah R., which is formed by the con- fluence of the Keowee and Tugaloo Rs., flows along the south-western boundary of the state, separating it froni Ga. Between its mouth and St. Helena Sound a broad belt of low lagoon is- lands extends, comprising Hilton Head Island, Port Royal Island, Ladies' Island, St. Helena Is- land, Prentiss Island and Chaplin's Island. The Climate, though warm, is greatly tempered in the eastern parts by the vicinity of the ocean, and in the western by the elevation above the sea. The isothermal line of 04° passes through the state from the northern end of its sea-coast to Hamburgh on the Savannali R. From this line to the S. the mean annual temperature in- creases to 67°, and decreases to the N. and N. W. to 00° in the hilly country, and attains the mini- mum of .'50° in the mountainous district. The rain-fall is greatest in the central portions of the state, where it amounts to 44, and even 52, inches per annum. In the western part it is but little over 40 inches. The Vegetation is sub-tropical. The palmetto, the smallest of the American palms, grows abundantly in the lower portions of the state — along the sea-coast and on the river bottoms. The yucca, with its long and sharply pointed leaves, the beautiful magnolia, the live oak and many other evergreen trees and shrubs are also here of frequent occurrence, and the woods are characterized by the long festoons of the gray Spanish moss (Tillandsia usnoides). In the central parts pine forests predominate and are estimated to cover about 6,000,000 acres. Population.— S. C. had, in 1790, •249,073 inhabi- tants; in 1800, 345,.591; in 1810,415,115; iu 18^20, 602,741; in 1830,581,185; in 1840, 594,398; iu 1850, 668,507; in 1860, 703,708, and in 1870, 705,600. This number includes *289,667 whites, 391,650 colored persons, and 124 Indians. In regard to nativity the population was, in 1870, distributed as follows: 697,5;j2i)ersons were natives of the United States, inehulnig 678,708 natives of the state ; 3,'2,^4 of Va., 8,2S2 of N. C. and '2.884 of tia.; and only 8,074 persons were lUitives of foreign countries, including 2,754 na- tives of Germany, 617 of England, and 3,262 of Ireland. In aVi classes of occupations were engaged 263,301 persons, viz.: 206,604 in agriculture, 34,383 in personal and professional services, 8,470 iu trade and transportation, and 13,794 in manu- factures, meclianical and mining industries. Agriculture. — The soil of S. C. is thrcMghout of great fertility. The swamps, coveiing an estimated area of about 1% millions of acres, when drained produce extraordinary crops. The pine lands are well adapted to the cultiva- tion of fruits and vegetables, and the remain- der of the state to the cultivation of cotton, to- bacco, Indian-corn, etc. The low sandy islands along the coast ai-e very productive, and yield the highly prized "long staple" or " sea-islaad cotton." Rice is extensively grown on tta swamps. In 1870 there were 3,010,.539 acres of improved land, 6,443,851 woodland, and 2,650,890 Other un- improved land in farms. The total number of farms was 51,889 ; the cash value of which was $44,808,763. The estimated value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock and im- provements, was *41,909,402. There were pro- duced: spring wheat, 317,700 bush.; winter wheat, 465,910 bush.; rye, 36,165 bush.; Indian- corn, 7,614,207 bush.; oats, 613,593 bush.; Irish pot's, 83.252bush.; sweet pot's, 1,342,165 bush.; peas and beans, 460,378 bush.; cotton, 2-24,90<} bales ; cane sugar, 1,055 hhds.; wine, 13, 179 gals.; molasses, 436,882 "gals, and sorghum molasses, 183,585 gals.; rice, 32,304,825 lbs.; tobacco, 345,805 lbs.; wool,156,3141bs.; butter, 1,461,980 lbs.; hay, 10.665 tons. The mild climate renders easy tlie raising of horses, mules and cattle. In 1870 the live stock had a value of $12,443,510, and comprised 44,105 horses, 41,327 mules and asses, 98,693 milch cows, 17,685 working oxen, 132,9-25 other cattle, 124,594 sheep, and 395,999 swine. Minerals aud Mining.— S. C. possesses in its mineral treasures a source of much wealth, but thus far they are not developed to anj' consid- erable extent. Gold is found in the silt of many of the rivers, and the Dorn Mines in Abbeville and Edgefield districts have, heretofore, yield- ded in some years over $'200,000. Excellent iron ores in large deposits occur in Union, Spartan- burgh, Greenville and Pickens districts. The other metals found in the state are copper, lead, manganese and bismuth. Limestone abounds in Lawrence and Spartanburgh districts, and granite of the finest grain, equal to gray mar- ble, is frequent in the middle and upper dis- tricts. Materials for pottery, especially porce- lain clay, are found in many portions of the state. The finest porcelain clays often lie in rich strata upon the surface, ready to the hand- of the manufacturer. Between Aiken and Graniteville the beds are in many ca.ses 60 feet thick. Phosphate marls, which furnish in a portable form an inexhaustible supply of min- eral manures, are among the most miportant resources of the state. They are ccuiposed of the remains of marine animals, and occupy a large portion of the lower districts of the state, extending from the Santee to the Savannah Rs. When excavated they are treated with sulpu- ric acid, and may then be applied to the soil, whose fertility they increase from 100 to 200 per cent. Large quantities have already been used in the state with the most satisfactory results, and are shipped to Europe, where the demand for this valuable article is steadily increasing. Previous to July, 187'2, 206,305 tons of phospho- rites, representing a value of $1,4.50,000, had been exported, while the consumption in the state had amounted to 36,110 tons, of $-250,000 in ■value. Manufactures.— \n 1870 the state had 1,584 manufacturing establishments, using 210 steam- engines of 4, .537 horse-power, and 700 water- wheels of 10,395 horse-power. The number of hands employed was 8,141 ; the capital invested, $5,400,418, and the wages paid amounted to SOUTH CAROLINA. 837 SOUTH COLUMBIA. $1,543,715. The materials used had a value of $5,855,736, and the commodities produced of |9,a58,?)Sl. The latter included cotton goods of $l,5'29,9o7 in value; flour and meal, $3,180,247; sawiHl lumber, $1,197,005; tar and turpentine, $774,077, and fertilizers (phosphate marls), $425,- 000. Commerce and Railroads. — S. C. has three ports of entry, viz.: Charleston, Beaufort and George- town. "Their imports from foreign countries, during the year ended June 30, 1872, had a value of $742,8-20, and their domestic exports to for- eign countries of $11,156,468, of which $10,183,350 tvere for raw cotton. The commercial fleet of the state comprised 146 sailing vessels of 3,935 loiis, and 23 steam vessels of 2,671 tons, Tiie railroad net of the state had a total mile- age in 1872 of 1,290, against 1,007 in 1866 ; 848 in 1856, and 204 in 1846. Tlie principal lines are the Charlotte, Columl)ia & Augusta R. R. (195 mis.); the Greenville & Columbia R. R. (197Kmls-); the Northeastern R. R., from Charleston to Florence (102 mis.); the Savannah & Charleston R. K. (104 mis.); tlie South Carolina R. R., from Charleston to Augusta, with branches from Branchville to Columbia, and from Kingsville to Camden (242 mis.); the Spartanburgh & Union R. 11. (68 mis.), and the Cheraw & Darlington R. R. 40 mis.). Wealth., Taxation and Indebtedness. — The to- tal taxable property had an assessed value in 1870 of $183,913,337 ; ($64,418,662 for personal and $119,494,675 for real estate,) against $489,319,128 in 1860. Tlie true, or estimated, value of the same, however, was $208,146,989 in 1870 against $548,137,- 754 in 1860. The state debt amounted to $7,665,- 909, but has since then very largely increased. The debts of the counties, cities and towns amounted to $5,409,320. The taxes, not national, ■were $2,767,675, of which $1,321,837 were for state, $575,005 for county, and $870,833 for township and other communal purposes. Education. — According to the present school law, which was passed in 1872, the school ago is from 6 to 16 years. The number of youths of this age in 1872 was 209,376, of whom but 76,322 attended tlie public schools of the state. The latter numbered 1,913 (286 more than in the pre- ceding j'ear), in which instruction was given by 2,185 teachers. The foremost of the higher educational institutions is the University of South Carolina, which was founded in 1801, and attended in 1872 by 88 students. The establish- ment of a State Normal School is provided for by the new constitution, but up to 1870 there existed only a "Normal Class" in the Avery Institute at Charleston. Other higher schools _are the College of Charleston ; the Furman 'University (Baptist), at Greenville ; the Claflin University (Methodist), at Orangeburgh; the "WofTard College ( Methodist ), at Spartan- burgh; the Newberry College (Lutheran), at Walhalla ; the Theological Seminary (Presby- terian), and the Lutheran Theological Semin- ary, both at Colnmbia, and the Southern Bap- tist Theological Seminary, at Greenville. The state possesses several benevolent and penal institutions. The Penitentiary is at Col- umbia, and had, in 1872, 219 convicts. In the Lunatic Asylum, at Columbia, there were 284 Eatients, and in the Institution for the Deaf, lumb and Blind, at Cedar Springs, 42 patients. The State Orphan Asylum is at Charleston, and received in 1872 a state appropriation of $15,000. The Press, according to the census, comprised, in 1870, 55 publications, with a circulation of 80,- 900. Of these, 5 were dailies, 4 tri-weeklies, 42 weeklies, 3 monthlies and 1 quarterly. Government. — The present constitution of S. C. was framed by a convention, silting from Jan- uarj' 14 to March 17, 1868, and was ratified by the people in April. It provides that every male citizen of the United States, of the age of 21 years and over, who was a resident of the state at the time of the adoption of the consti- tution, or who hereafter has resided in the state one year, and in the county in which he olfers to vote 60 days next preceding an election, is en- titled to vote. The legislative power is vested in two distinct branches, the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives, and both together are styled the " General Assembly of the State of Soi;th Caro- Una." The House of Representatives is com- posed of 124 members, chosen by ballot every second year by the citizens of the state. The Senate is composed of one member for each county. The county of Charleston is represent- ed by two senators. The chief executive authority Is vested in a Governor, who is elected for two years. The qualified voters of the state elect also a Comp- troller General and Treasurer and a Secretary of State, who hold their offices for four years. The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court, in two Circuit Courts, viz.; a Court of Common Pleas, having civil jurisdiction, and a Court of General Sessions, with criminal juris- diction only; in Probate Courts and injustices of the Peace. The Supreme Court consists of a Chief .Justice and two Associate Justices, any two of whom constitute a quorum. It has ap- pellate jurisdiction only in cases of chancery, and constitutes a Court for the CorrecticNi of Errors of Law. It is held once in each year at the seat of government, and at such other places as the General Assembly may direct. S. C. is divided into the following 32 cos., for- merly called districts: Abbeville, Aiken, An- derson, Barnwell, Beaufort, Charleston, Ches- ter, Chesterfield, Clarendon, Colleton, Darling- ton, Edgefield, Fairfield, Georgetown, Green- ville, Horry, Kershaw, Lancaster, Laurens, Lexington, Marion, Marlborough, Newberry, Oconee, Orangeburgh, Pickens, Richland, Spar- tanburgh, Sumter, Union, AVilliamsburgh and York. The state capital is Columbia, 9,228 inhabi- tants ; the other principal cities are Charleston, 48,956 inhabitants, and Greenville, 2,756 inhabi- tants. The largest post-villages are George- town, Newberry, Beaufort, Pickensville and, Spartanburgh. South Carollton, p. o. in the v. of CarroUton, in Muhlenburgh co., Ky., on the Owensbor- ough & Russellville R. It., 9 mis. S. of Liver- more. Po)?., 240. South Carthage, p. o. in Franklin co.. Me. South Carver, p. v. in Plymouth co., Mass., 6 mis. from Wareham. South Casco, p. o. in Cumberland CO., Me. South Cass, p. V. in Ionia co., Mich., 12^ mis. S. of Saranac. South Cedar, p o. in Jackson co., Kaus. South Champion, p. o. in Jeflferson co., N.T. *South Charleston, p. v. in Clark co., Ohio, on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 105^ mis. S. W. of London. Pop., 818. South Charle.<;town, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. H., on the Connecticut R. and the Vermont Central R. R., 4 mis. S. of Charlestown. South Chatham, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the Atlantic coast, 3}^ mis. from Harwich. South Chelmsford, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., near Chelmsford. South Chester, p. l)orough in Delaware co., Pa., contiguous to Chester. Pop., 1,242. South Chesterville, p. o. in Franklin co., Me. South Chicagpo, p. o. in Cook co.. 111. South China, p. v. in Kennebec co., Me., 12 mis. from Augusta. South Cleveland, p. o. in "Whitley co., Ind. South Codorns, tn. in York co., Pa. Pop., 2,002. South Colton, p. V. in St. Lawrence co , IT.Y., 14 mis. from Potsdam. South Climax, p. o. in Kalamazoo co., Micbt South Columbia, p. o. iu Coos co., N. H. SOUTH COLUMBIA. 838 SOUTH GLEX FALLS. Sonth Columbia, p. o. in Herkimer co., N. Y. South Coriutli, p. o. in Penobscot eo.. Me. South Corinth, p. v. in Saratoga CO., N. Y., on the Adirondack K. 11., 10% mis. N. W. of Sara- tosra S)irinanby, p. o. in Tompkins co., N. Y. South nanvlllc, p. o. in the v. of Rogersville, in Steuben co., N. Y., 12 mis. N. of Horuells- ville. South Dansville, p. v. In Caledonia co., Vt., 8 mis. from Passumpsic. South I>artuionth, p. v. in Bristol co., Mass., on Buzzard's B., 4 mis. from New Bedford. South Dayton, p. o. iu Cattaraugus co., N. Y. South ]>edhani, v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 14 mis. S. W. of Boston. South Dcertield, p. v. iu Franklin co., Mass., on the Connecticut River R. R., 11 mis. N. of Northampton. South Deerfield, p. v. in Rockingham co., N. H., ;i mis. from Candia. South Deer Isle, i). v. in Hancock co.. Me., ou Penobscot B., oSJ^ mis. from Ellsworth. South Dennis, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on Bass R. and the Cape Cod R. R., 8 mis. E. of P.arnstable. South Dennis, p. o. in Cape May co., N. J. South Dixon, tn. iu Lee co.. 111. Pop., 905. South Dorset, p. v. in Bennington co., Vt., 6 mis. N. of Mancliester. South Dover, p. o. in Piscataquis co.. Me. South Dover, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., 1 mle. N. of AVing's Station. South Durham, p. o. iu Androscoggin co.. Me. South Durham, p. v. in Greene co., N. "i., 16 mis. W. N. \V. of Catskill. South Duxbury , p. o. in Plymouth co., Mass., 1% mis. S. S. W. of Duxbury. South £ast, tn. in Orange co., lud. Pop., l,55(i. South East, tn. iu Putnam co., N. Y. Pop., 2,975. South Easton, p. v. in Bristol co., ISfass., on the Dighton & Somerset Brancli of the Old Colonv R. R., 10 mis. N. of Taunton. South 'Easton, p. v. iu "Washington co., N. Y., 7 mis. from JolinsviUe. South Easton, p. borough in Northampton CO., Pa., on the S. side of the Lehigh R., the Lehigh Navigation Canal, and on the Lehigh Valley U. R., and the Lehigh & Susquehanna R R.j opposite Easton. Has numerous iron furnaces, foundries, rolling mills and a wire factor v. Pop.,3,l()7. South Eaton, p. o. in "Wyoming co., Pa. South Edmeston, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 4 nils, fioni New Berlin. South Edwards, p. v. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 20 mis. from Gouverneur. South Ellini^ham, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. South Egrreniont, p. v. In Berkshire co., Mass., iy^ mis. from Barriugton. South Elkhorn, p. o. in Fayette co., Ky. South Ellenburgrh, p. o. in Clinton co., N. Y. South Elliott, p. o. in York co., Me. South English, p. v. in Keolcuk co., Iowa, 12 mis. N. E. of Sigourney. Southern, p. o. in Marshall co., Ala. South Evansville, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. South Exeter, p. v. iu Penobscot co.. Me., 8 mis. from Etna. South Eairlee, p. o. in Orange co., Vt. South Fallisbnrg^h, p. o. iu Sullivan co., N. Y. South Farms, v. in Litchfield co.. Conn. South Fayette, p. o. in Kennebec co.. Me. Sonth Fayette, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop.* •,9J7. Southfield, p. v. iu Berkshire co., Mass., 7 mis. from Ashley Falls. Southlield, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop., 1.517. Southfield, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Birmingham. Southfleld, tn. in Richmond co., N. Y. Pop., 5,082. SouthGeld, tn. in Elizabeth co., Va. Pop., l,7ti(i. Southfield, v. in Orange co., N. Y'., on the Erie R. R., Gi^mls. N. of Sloatsburgh. The p. o. is Monroe Works. South Flint, p. o. in Des Moines CO., Iowa. South Florence, p. o. in Franklin co.. Ala. Southford, p. v. iu New Haven co., Conn., 7 mis. from Seymour. South Fork, tn. iu Montgomery co., Ark. Pop., 624. Sonth Fork, tn. in Clark CO., Ark. Pop., 898. South Fork, tn. in Fulton, Ark. Pop., 518. South Fork, tn. in Christian co., HI. Pop., 1,279. South Fork, tn. in Humboldt co., Cal. Pop. , 273. South Fork, tn. in Klamath co., Cal. Pop., 2S(i. South Fork, tn. in Delaware co., Iowa. Pop., 1,010. South Fork, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,014. South Fork, tn. iu "Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 774. South Fork, p. o. in Owsley co., Ky. South Fork, tn. in Monroe co,, Mo. Pop., 1.403. South Fork, p. o. in Ashe co., N. C. South Foster, p. o. iu Providence co., R. I, *South Franiingrham, ii. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., at the junction of the Boston & Albany R. R. with the Milford Branch of the same and the Boston, Clinton & Fitchburgh R. R., 20Xmls. "W. S. W. of Boston. South Frankfort, p. o. in Benzie co., Mich. South Franklin, p. o. in Norfolk co.. Mass. South Freenort, p. v. iu Cumberland Co., Me., 3 mis. S. of Freeport. South tiabriel, p. o. in Burnet co., Tex. South tJalway, p. o. in Saratoga co., N. Y. South tJardiner, p. v. in Kennebec co.. Me., on the Kennebec R. and the Portland & Ken- nebec R. R., 5 mis. N. of Richmond. *Sonth Gardner, p. o. in Gardner Village, in Worcester CO., Mass., ou the Vermont & Mas- sachusetts 11. R., i]4 mis. S. "W. of Ashburn- ham Depot. South Gaston, p. v. in H.alifax co., N. C, on the Roanoke R., opposite Gaston on the Ra- leigh & Gaston R. R. Sonth Gate, p. o. iu Franklin co., lud. South Germantown, p. o. iu Washington co., Wis. South Gibson, p. v. iu Susquehanna CO., Pa., iV4 juls. from Hop Bottom. South Gilboa, p. o. in Schoharie co., N. Y. South Glastenbury, p. v. in Hartford co^ Conn., on the Connecticut R., 10 mis. S. of Hartford. Has manufactories. South Gleu Falls, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. SOUTH GLOVER. 839 SOUTH MALDEN. Y., on the Hudson B., opposite Glens Falls. Pop., 1,047. South Glover, p. o. in Orleans co., Vt. Sonth Granby, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. Sontli Granville, p. o. in Washington co., N. Y. South Greece, p. v. in Monroe co., N. Y., on the Krie Canal, 3}.^ mis. from Spencerport. South Grove, tn. in De Kalb co., 111. Pop., 79.5. South Grove, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. W. of Sycamore. South Grove, p. o. in Saline co.. Mo. South Groveland, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., 2 mis. from Grovelancl. South Hartley, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., 2,840. *South Madley, p. v. in the above tn., near the Connecticut R., 4 mis. N. of South Hadley Falls ; is the seat of Mt. Holyoke Female Semi- nary, which was incorporated in 183t). From the V. fine views are had up the river, where it breaks through the gap between Mt. Hol- yoke and Mt. Tom. ♦South Hadley Falls, p. v. in Hampshire CO., Mass., on the Connecticut R. opposite Holyoke. it has large manufactories, produc- ing gingham, paper, sash, blinds, etc. A dam has been constructed across the river, by which water-power is obtained for the facto- ries of this v. and for those in the v. of Hol- yoke. South Halifax, p. o. in Windham co., Vt. South Hamilton, p. o. in Madison CO., N. Y. South Hampton, tn. in Kockingham co., N. H. Pop., 448: South Hampton, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Salisbury, Mass. South Hancock, p. o. in Hancock co., Me. South Hannibal, p. o. in Oswego co., K. Y. South Hanover, p. v. in Plymouth co., Mass., on the Hanover Branch of the Old Colony R. 11., 214 mis. S. E. of East Abington. South Hanover, tn. iu Dauphin co., Pa. Pop., 1,196. ' South Hanson, p. v. in Plymouth CO., Mass., on the Plymouth Branch of the Old Colony R. R., 31^ mis. S. E. of South Abington. South Uardwick, v. in Caledonia co., Vt. South Hartford, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., ti nils, from Smith's Basin. South Hartwick, p. o. in Otsego co., N. Y. South Harwich, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., 21^ mis. from Harwich. South Haven, p. o. in New Haven co.. Conn. South Haven, p. o. in Sumner co. , Kaus. South Haven, tn. in Van Buren co., Mich. Poi)., 2,203. *South Haven, p. v. in the above tn., on Lake Michigan, at mouth of Black R. and at W. ter- minus of the South Haven Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 25 mis. N. of St. Jo- seph. Has an excellent harbor and an import- ant commerce. Pop., 1,576. One newspaper. South Haven, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., 2mls. from Yuphank. South Hermitage, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. South Hero, tn. in Grand Isle co., Vt. Pop., 586. South Hero, p. o. in the above tn. South Hill, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. South Hill, tn. inMecklenburghco.,Va. Pop., 2,384. South Hill, p. o. in the above tn. South Hinesbur^h, p. o. in Chittenden co., Vt. South Hing:ham, p. v. in Plymouth co., Mass., 3 mis. from Hingham. Sonthold, V. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on Long Is- lanil R. R., 4 mis. W. of Greenport. Pop., 400. One newspaper. South Holland, p. o. in Cook co., 111. South Homer, tn. in Champaign co., 111. Pop., 1.510. South Hope, p. Y. in Knox co., Me., 9 mis. from Kocklaud. South Howard, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. South Hume, p. o. in Whitesides co.. 111. South Huntingdon, tn. in Westmoreland CO.. Pa. Pop., 2,210. Southington, In. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop.. 4,314. *Southington, p. v. in the above tn., on the New Haven & Northampton R. R., 22 mis. N. of New Haven. Has iron and steel works and is the seat of an academy. Southington, tu. in Trumbull CO., Ohio. Pop., 799. Southington. p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. from Lt-avittsburgh. South Jackson, p. o. in Jackson co., Mich. South Jefferson, p. o. in Lincoln co., Me. South Jefferson, p. o. in Schoharie co., N. Y. South Kent, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn. South Killingly, p. v. in AVindham co., Conn., 3 mis. E. of West Killingly. South King^stown, tn. in Washington co., R. I. Pop., 4,493. South Klrtland, p. v. in Lake co., Ohio, 5 nils, from Willoughby. South Kortright, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. South I>a Grange, p. o. in Penobscot co., Me. South liancaster, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Worcester & Nashua R. R., IJ^ mis. N. of Clinton. South Lancaster, p. o. in Coos co., N. H. South Iiansing,p. o. in the v. of Libertyville, in Tomjikins co., N Y., 7 mis. from Ithaca. South Liebanon, p. v. in Warren co., Ohio, on Little Miami R. R. South Liebanon, tn. in Lebanon co., Pa. Pop., 1,783. South Liee, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., on the HousatonicR. R.,2mls. E. of Stockbridge. South L.eeds, p. o. in Androscoggin co., Me. South Iievant, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. South Lewiston, p. o in tlie v. of Crowley's, in Androscoggin co.. Me., on the Androscog- gin R. R., 14 mis. N. W. of Brunswick. South liberty, p. v. in Waldo co., Me., 18 mis. from Belfast. South liima, p. o. in the v. of Hamilton's, in I/ivingston co., N. Y., on the Rochester Divi- sion of the Erie R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of Avon. South Lilming'ton, p. v. in Y'ork co.. Me., 2 mis. S. of Limington. South Lincoln, p. o. in Middlesex co., Mass. South Liitchfield, p. v. in Kennebec co., Me., 6 mis. from Monmouth. South Liitchfield, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. South Kiivermore, p. o. in Androscoggin co., Me. South Iiivonia, p. v. in Livingston co., N. Y., on the Rochester Division of the Erie R. R., 61 mis. N. W. of Corning and 15 mis. S. E. of Avon. South Londonderry, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 15 mis. E. of Manchester Station and 15 mis. W. of Chester. South Lowell, p. o. in Orange co.. N. C. South, or Old, Lyme, tn. in New London co., Conn. Pop., 1,362. South Lyme, p. v. in the above tn., on Long Island Sound and the New Haven & New London R. R., 5]4 mis. E. of Lyme and 11}^ mis. W. of New London. South Ly ndeborong-h, p. v. in Hillsborough CO., N. H., 3}4 mis. from Wilton. South Lynne, v. in Cook co.. 111., at the cross- ing of the Illinois Central R. R. with the In- diananolis & Chicago Division of the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 1 mle. N. W. of Dalton's Station. South Lyon, p. v. in Oakland co., Mich., on the Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. R., 34 nils. N. W. of Detroit. Pop., 704. South Macon, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., 79. South DIahoning', tn. in Indiana co.. Pa. Pop., 1,131. Sonth 91alden, v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on Maiden B. and the Eastern R. R., 3^ mis. N. SOUTH MANCHESTER. 840 SOUTH RICHLAND. of Boston. It has flouring mills, si/k print- ing tincl dyeing works, and other manufac- tories. •SoHtli Manchester, p. v. in Hartford CO., Conn., i]4 nils. S. of North Manchester. It has extensive manufacturing establishments. South Alanheim, tu. iu Schuylkill co.. Fa. Pop., ],-«0. South Martin, p. o. in Martin co.. Ind. South Merideu, p. v. in New Haven co.. Conn., 2'/4 nils. S. S. W. of VV. Meriden. South Merrimack, p. o. in Hillsborough co., N. H. South Middleborough, p. v. in Plymouth CO., Mass., on the Cape Cod R. R., 1% mis. S. E. of Middleboiough. South Middleton, tn. in Cumberland co.. Pa. Pop., 3.'22(i. South Milford, p. v. in La Grange co., Ind., 6 ml.s. from Kendallville. South Milford, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Milford & Woonsocket R. R., 'i mis. W. of rSellingham. South Mills, p. o. in Camden co., N. C. South Milton, p. o. in Strafford co., N. H. South Moluncus, p. o. in Aroostook co., Me. South Monmouth, p. o. in Kennebec co.. Me. South Montville, p. v. in Waldo co.. Me., 14 mis. from Belfast. South Mound, p. o. in Neosho co., Kans. South Mountain, j). o. in Owyhee Co., Idaho Ter. South Mountain, a range trending from the banks of the Potomac R., opposite Harper's Ferry, Md., in a north-easterly direction into Franklin and Adams cos., Pa. It is a contin- uation of the Blue Ridge of Va. South Muddy, tn. in Jasper co., IlL Pop., 584. South Mnrdcrkill, tn. in Kent co., Del. Pop., 4,:5.s-2. ♦South Naticlc, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., 2 mis. from Natick. South New Berlin, p. v. in Chenango co., N. Y., on Unadilla R. and on the New Berlin Branch of the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 7 mis. S. of New Berlin. South IVewburgh, p. v. in Penobscot co., Me., 11 mis. from Hermon Pond. South Newbury, p. v. in Merrimack co., N. H., 3 mis. from Bratlford. South Newbury, p. v. in Geauga co., Ohio, 9 mis. from Mantua. South Newbury, p. v. in Oranjje co., Vt., near the Connecticut 11., opposite llaverhill, N. H., and the Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers R. R., 4 mis. N. of Bradford. South New Market, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 80S. South New Market, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Maine R. R., 3 mis. S. of New JNIarket. South Newport, p. o. in Mcintosh co., Ga. South Newstead, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. South Norfolk, p. v. in Litchfield co., Conn., 8 mis. from Winsted. South Norridgewock, p. v. in Somerset co.. Me. South Northfield, p. o. in Cook co.. 111. *South Norwalk, city in Fairfleld co.. Conn., on the Norwalk R. and on New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., at S. terminus of Danbury & Norwalk R. R., 2 mis. S. of Nor- walk aiid 24 mis. S. of Danbury. Has large manufacturing interests, chiefly of locks, door-knobs, hats and shoes. Pop., inclusive of tn., 12,119. South Oil City, p. o. of Venango borough in Venango co.. Pa., on Alleghany R. opposite Oil Citv. Southold, tn. in Suffolk CO., N. Y. Pop., 6,715. Southold, p. V. in the above tn., on the Long Island R. U., 4 mis. S. W. of Greenport. South O'Brien, p. o. in O'Brien co., Iowa. South Olive, p. o. in Noble co., Ohio. South Onondaga, p. v. in Onondaga CO., N. 1'., 10 mis. from Syracuse. Pop., 242. South Orange, tn. in Essex co., N.J. Pop., 2,963. South Orange, p. v. in the above tn., on the Morris & Essex Division of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 5 mis. W. of Newark and 15 mis. W. of New York. A busy manufacturing and commercial town. One newspaper. South Orleans, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the Atlantic Ocean, 2]^ nils, from Orleans. South Orrington, p. v. in Penob.scot co.. Me., on the Penobscot K., 9 mis. from Bangor. South Osborn, p. o. in Outagamie co.. Wis. South Otselic, p. v. in Chenango co., N. T., 15 mis. from Sherburne. South Ottawa, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 597. South Ottawa, tn. in Franklin Kans. Pop., 14. South Owego, p. o. in Tioga co., N. Y. South Oxford, p. o. in Chenango co., N. Y. South Paris, p. v. in Oxford co.. Me., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 12 mis. N. W. of. Mechan- ics' Falls. South Park. (See page 229.) South Parsonfield, p. v. in York co.. Me., 17 mis. from Alfred. *South Pass, p. o. in the v. of Cobdeii, in Union co., 111., on the Illinois Central R. K., 211^ mis. S. of Carbondale. ♦South Pass City, p. v. and the co. seat of Sweetwater co., Wyo. Ter., on the Sweet Water R., 89 mis. N. E. of Bryan on the Union Pacific R. R. Pop., 460. South Peacham, p. v. in Caledonia co., Vt. South Pendleton, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. South Penobscot, p. o. in Hancock co.. Me. South Perry, p. v. in Hocking co., Ohio, 18 mis. from Logan. Pop., 136. South Pittsburgh, borough in Allegliany CO., Pa., on the Monongahela R. opposite Pitts- burgh. Pop., 3,075. South Plattsburgh, p. o. in Clinton co., N. Y. South Plymouth, p. v. in Plymouth CO., Mass., 6 mis. from Plymouth. South Plymouth, p. o. in Chenango co., N. Y. South Plymouth, p. v. in Fayette co., Ohio, 6 mis. N. \V. of Washington Court House. South Point, p. V. in Franklin co.. Mo., on the Missouri R. and the Pacific R. R. of Mis- souri, ^\4 mis. W. of Labaddie. South Point, p. o. in Gaston co., N. C. South Point, p. v. in Lawrence co., Ohio, on the Ohio R. opposite Catlettsburgh. Ky. South Poland, p. v. in Androscoggin co., Me., 6 mis. from Danville. South Pom fret, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt., 8 mis. from West Hai-tford. ♦Sonthnort, p. v. in Fairfleld co.. Conn., on Long Island Sound and on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 7 mis. W. of South Norwalk. Has a fine harbor and some commerce. Pop. about 300. One newspaper. Southport, p. v. in Peoria oo.. 111., 2 mis. from Oak Hill. South port, p. V. in Marion co., Ind., on the Jeffersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. B., 7!4 "ils(- S. of Indianapolis. Southport, tn. in Lincoln co.. Me. Pop., 684. South port, p. V. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Wiscasset. Southport, tn. in Chemung co., N. Y. Pop., 2,727. Southport, p. o. in the above tn. South Portsmouth, p. v. in Newport co., R. I., 5 mis. N. of Newport. South Prairie, p. o. in Henderson co.. 111. South Pueblo, v. in Pueblo co., Colo. Ter., 2 mis. S. of Pueblo. Pop., 585. South Pultney, p. v. in Steuben CO., N. Y., near Crooked Lake, 16 mis. N. E. of Bath. South ^ mis. from Eastport. Sonth Rondont, v. in Ulster co., N. Y., near Rondoiit. Pop., 405. South Royalston, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 12 mis. W. of South Gardner. Sonth Royalton, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt., on the S. bank of White R., opposite Royalton, and on the Vermont Central R. R., 18 mis. N. W. of White River Junction. One newspaper. Sonth Rutland, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., 9 mis. from Watertown. Sonth Ryegate, p. v. in Caledonia co., Vt., 7 mis. N. W. of Wells River Junction. Sonth Sag'inaw, p. v. in Saginaw co., Mich., on Saginaw R., 2 mis. S. of Saginaw. South Saint George, p. v. in Knox co.. Me., 20 mis. from Rockland. Sonth Salem, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., 9]4 nils, from Katonah. South Salem, p. v. in Ross co., Ohio, 2 mis. from Lyndon. South Sandisfield, p. o. In Berkshire co., Mass. South Sand !Lake, p. o. in Rensselaer co., ' N. Y. Sonth Sandwich, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., 7 mis. from West Barnstable. South Sanford, p. o. in York co.. Me. South Sanger ville, p. o. in Piscataquis co.. Me. South Schodack, p. v. in Rensselaer, N. Y., 3}Xmls. from Custleton. Soiith Schroou, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y"., on Schroon Lake, 23J^mls. N. of Warronsburg. South Scituate, p. v. in Plymouth co., Mass., 4 mis. frona Hanover. Sonth Scituate, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop.,l,(>61. Sonth Scituate, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., 9 mis. from Olneyville. South Scriba, p. o. in Oswego co., N. Y. South Seavllle, p. v. in Cape May co., N. J., on the Cape May & MillviUe R. R., VA mis. N. of Cape JNIay. Sonth Sebec, p. v. in Piscataquis co.. Me., on the Bangor & Piscataquis R. R., 32 mis. from Oldtown. South Seekonk, p. o. in Bristol co , Mass. Sonth Shaftsbury, p. v. in Bennington co., Vt., on tlie Harlem Extension R. R., 2}^ mis. N. E. of North Bennington. South Shenango, tn. in Crawford co., Fa. Pop., 1,042. Sonth Side, tn. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., 143. Sonth Side, p. o. in Bent co., Colo. Ter. Sonthslde, tn. in Appomattox co., Va. Pop., 2,.5.^1. Sonth Smithfield, p. o. in Somerset co.. Me. South Sodus, p. V. in Wayne co., N. Y'., 7 mis. N. of Lyons. Sonth Solon, p. o. in Somerset co.. Me. Sonth Solon, p. o. in Madison co., Ohio. Sonth Somerset, p. o. in Niagara co., N. Y. South Starksborongh, p. o. in Addison co.. Sonth Sterling, p. o. in Wayne co., Pa. Sonth Stillwater, p. o. in Washington co., Minn. South Stockton, p.o. in Chautauqua CO., N. Y. Sonth Stoddard, p. v. in Cheshire co., N. H., K; mis. from Keene. Sonth Strabane, tn. in Washington co.. Pa. Pop., 1,1.59. South StraflTord, p. v. in Orange CO., Vt., lOJ^ mis. N. W. of Pompanoosuc. South Sudbury, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., 3 mis. from Saxonville. South Snnapee, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. H. Sonth Sntton, p. v. in Merrimack co., N. H., 4 mis. from Bradford. Sonth Tamworth, p. v. in Carroll CO., N. H., 17 mis. from Jleredlth Village. Sonth Thomaston, tn. in Knox co., Me. Pop., 1,693. South Thomaston, p. v. in the above tn., on Penobscot B., 4 mis. from Rockland. South Thompson, p. v. in Geauga co., Ohio, 14 mis. from Painesville. Sonth Trenton, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., 4 mis. from Trenton. Pop., 206. Sonth Tronpsbnrgh, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. South Troy, p. o. in Wabasliaw co., Minn. South Tnnbrldge, p. o. in Orange co., Vt. Sonth Union, tn. in Payette co.. Pa. Pop., 860. Sonth Union, p. v. in Logan co., Ky., on the Louisville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 15 nils. S. of Bowling Green. Pop., 263. South Valley, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 74.3. South Valley, p. v. in Otsego co.,'N. Y^,8mls. from East Worcester. South Vassalborongh, p. o. in Kennebec co., Me. South Versailles, tn. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Pop , 2,194. Southville, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., 4 mis. N. of Hawleyville. Southville, v. in Shelby co., Ky. Southville, p. o. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. South Vineland, p. v. in Cumberland co., N. J., on the Cape May & Millville Branch of AV'est Jersey R. R., 3 mis. S. of Vineland. En gaged in horticulture and market gardening. One newspaper. Sonth Walden, p. o. in Caledonia co., Vt. South Wales, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y'., on the Buffalo & AVashington R. R., i% mis. S. of East Aurora. Sonth Wallingford, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt., on the Harlem Extension R. R., o mis. N. of Danby. Sonth Walpolc, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the Boston, Clinton & Fitchburgh R. R., 314 mis. S. of Walpole. South Wardsborongh, p. o. in Windham co., Vt. Sonth Wareham, p. o. in Plymouth co., Mass. Sonth Warren, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. South Warsaw, p. o. in Allen co., Ohio. Sonth Washington, p. o. in New Hanover CO., N. C. South Water, p. v. in El Paso co., Colo. Ter., on the Denver & Rio Grande R. R., 42 mis. S. of Denver. Sonth Waterford, p. v. in Oxford co., Me., 16 mis. from South Paris. South Weare, p. v. in Hillsborough CO., N.H., 4 nds. W. of Oil MUls Station. South Well fleet, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on Cape Cod Peninsula, 10 mis. N. of Orleans. South West, tn. in Crawford co.. 111. Pop.. 325. South "*Vest, p. o. in Elkhart co., Ind. South West, tn. in Warren co.. Pa. Pop., 677. South West, p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Titusville. Southwest, tn. in Doddridge co., W. Va. Pop., 1,251. soirrH WEST city 842 SPAKTA. Sonth "West City, p. v. in McDonald CO., Mo., 25 mis. S. of Seneca. South Westerlo, p. v. in Albany co., N. Y., 16 mis. from Coxsackie. Pop., 147. South West Harbor, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., 13 mis. from Ellsworth. South Weston, p. v. in Aroostook co., Me., ." mis. N. of Dauforth on the European & North American 11. K., 88 mis. from Bangor. South West Oswego, p. v. in Oswego co., N. v., 5 mis. from Oswego. South Westport, p. v. in Bristol co., Mass., on the Acoaksett 11., 11 mis. S. VV. of New Bed- ford. South Wethersfield, p. o. in Hartford co.. Conn. South W^cyniouth, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the Plymouth Branch of the Old Colony R. 11., 15 nils, from Boston ; has boot and shoe manufactories. Sonth Wheelinjr, v. in Ritchie twp., Ohio CO., W. Va., near Wheeling. Pop., 3,158. South Wheelock, p. o. in Chittenden co.,Vt. Sonth Whitehall, tn. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Pop., 2.748. South Whitehall, p. o. in the above tn. South Whitley, p. v. in Whitley co., Ind., on the Detroit, Eel River & Illinois R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Columbia City. Southwick, tn. in Harnpden co., Mass. Pop., 1,100. Southwlck, p. V. in the above tn., on the New Haven & Northampton R. R., 6 mis. S. of Westfleld. South Wilbraham, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., 6 mis. from Monson. South Williamstown, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., 4 mis S. of AVilliamstown. South Willow Creek, p. o. in Lee co., 111. South Wilson, p. o. in Niagara co., N. Y. South Wilton, p. o. in Saratoga co., N. Y. South Windham, p. v. in Windham co., Conn., on the New London Northern R. R., 14 mis. N. W. of Norwich. Sonth Windham, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., on the Portland & Ogdensburgh R. R., 11 mis. N. W. of Portland. Sonth Windham, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 13 mis. N. of Fuvetteville. South Windsor, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Poi>., i,(;8s. South Windsor, p. v. in the above tn., near the Comiecticut R.,4mls. N. of East Hartford. Sonth Windsor, p. v. in Kennebec co.. Me., 10 mis. E. of Augusta. South Wolfboronsh, p. v. in Carroll co., N. H., near Lake Wiunipiseogee, 10 mis. N. E. of Alton B. South Woodbury, tn. in Bedford co., Pa., Pop., 1,439. South Woodbury, p. v. in Washington co., Vt., 16 mis. N. E. of Jlontpeller. South Woodstock, p. v. in Windham co.. Conn.. 4 nils. N. W. of Putnam. South Woodstock, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt., 5 mis. S. of Woodstock. South Worcester, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 5 mis. from Schenevus. South Worthington, p. v. in Hampshire co., Mass., ;> ml.s. N. of Huntington. South Wright, p. v. in Hillsdale co., Mich., 121^ mis. S. of Hudson. *South Yarmouth, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on Bass R., 1]4 mle. from the station on the Cape Cod R. Jl., ii}4 mis. E. of Barnstable. Sou Yea, p. o. in Livingston co., N. Y. Spade's I>epot, p. v. in Ripley co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 23 nils. N, W. of Lawrenceburgh. Pop. about 75. Spadra, tn, in .Johnson co., Ark. Pop., 1,905. Spadra, p. o. in Los Angeles co., Cal. Spalford, tn. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,595. Spafford, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. W. of Tally. Spafford, p. v. in La Fayette co., Wis., 7 mis. from ^Varren, 111. Spafford Hollow, v. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Spalding, co. in Ga., central part. Area, 198 sq. mis. Pop., 10,205 ; in I860, 8,699. The Flint R. forms the western boundary ; Towaliga Cr., the north-eastern. The surface is slightly undulating and the soil fertile. The Macon & Western R. R. intersects the eo. Griffin is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 18,634 bush.; rye, 166 bush.; Indian-corn, V2^,- 984 bush.; oats, 17,164 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,480 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,381 bush.; cotton, 3,630 bales; butter, 90,790 lbs.; hay, 25 tons. Cash value of farms, $792,.376. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $070,531. Value of man- ufactures, $265,9t>4. Spaldingville, p. O. in Knox co., Ind. Spangville, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. Sjianish Bar, p. v. in Clear Creek co., Colo. Ter., 16 mis. W. of Golden City. Spanishburgh, p. o. in Mercer co., W. Va. Spanish Fork, p. v. in Utah co., Utah, on Spanish I'ork of Soldier R., 5 nds. above its entrance into L. Utah, and 10 mis. S. of Provo City. Pop., 1,4.50. Spanish Hollow, p. o. in Wasco co., Oreg. Spanish Peaks, p. o, in Huerfano co., Colo. Ter. Spanish Kanch, p. v. in Plumas co., Cal., 7 mis. from Quincy. Sparkill, p. o. in Rockland co., N. Y. Sparks, v. in Baltimore co., Md., on the North- ern Central R. R., 20% mis. N. of Baltimore. The p. o. is Philopolis. Spark's Hill, p. o. in Hardin co.. 111. Sparksville, p. o. in Jackson co., Ind. *Sparland, p. v. in Marshall co.. 111., on the W. side of Illinois R., opposite Lacou, and on the Peoria Branch of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 26 mis. N. of Peoria. Has interests in coal mining and distilling. Pop., 5,58. One newspaper. Sparrow Bush, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y"., on Delaware R., Delaware & Hudson Canal & Erie R. R., 2i^ mis. N. W. of Port Jervis. Sparta, p. v. in Conec\ih co., Ala,, on the Mo- bile & Montgomery R. R., 5 mis. S. of Ever- green the CO. seat. Sparta, p. v. and co. seat of Hancock co., Ga., on Macon & Augusta Branch of Georgia R. R., half way between Augusta & Macon. Has active trade with agricultural surroundmgs. Pop. about 400. One newspaper. Sparta, tn. in Knox eo.. 111. Pop., 1,9.50. ♦Sparta, p. v. in Randolph co.. 111., 7 mis. S. of Tilden on the Belleville & Southern Illinois R. R. Pop., 1,.335. Two newspapers. Sparta, tn. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 1,939. Sparta, p. o. in the above tn. Sparta, tn. in Noble co., Ind. Pop., 1,881. Sparta, p. v. and the parish seat of Bienville ])arish. La., 41 mis. S. E. of Shreveport. An important trade center. Pop., 300. One news- paper. Sparta, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop.,1,666. Sparta, tn. in Chippewa co., Minn. Pop., 275. Sparta, v. in Kent co., Mieh., 15 nils. N. of Grand Rapids and on the Grand Rapids, Newaygo & Lake Shore R. R. The p. o. is Sparta Centre. Sparta, p. v. in Chickasaw co., Miss., 9 mis. from Houston. Pop., 99. Sparta, v. in Buchanan co.. Mo., 8 mis. S. of St. .Joseph. Sparta, tn. in Sussex co., N. J. Pop., 2,032. Sparta, p. v. in the above tn., 8 nils, from New- ton. Sparta, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y'. Pop., 1,182. Sparta, p. v. in Edgeeomb co., N. 0. 14 mis. E. of lioekv Point. Sparta, i>. v. in. Morrow CO., Ohio, 12 mis. from Mt. Vernon. Pop., 197. Sparta, p. o. in Union co., Oreg. SPARTA. 843 SPENCEETOWN. Sparta, tn. in Crawford co., Pa. Pop., 1,131. Sparta, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., 13 mis. S. S. W. of Washington, the co. seat. *Sparta, p. v. and the co. seat of White co., Tenn., on Calf-kill Cr., 23 mis. N. E. of Mc- Minnville and 75 E. hy S. of Nashville. Pop., 4U. One newspaper. Spaxta, p. o. in Caroline co., Va. Sparta, tn. in Monroe co., VVis. Pop., 3,461. *Sparta, p. v. and the co. seat of Monroe co.. Wis., on La Crosse R.and Beaver and Farmer Crs., and on La Crosse Division of Milwaukee & St. Paul li. 11., 25 mis. K. by N. of La Crosse, lias artesian wells, whose waters have medi- cinal virtues. Pop , 2,314. Two newspapers. SpartA Centre, p. o. in the v. of Sparta, in Kent CO., Mich. Bpartanburgli, p. v. in Randolph CO., Ind., 10 nils, from Union City. Pop., 192. Spartaiibtirg^h, district in S. C, N. W. part. Area al)Out DOO sq. nils. Pop., 25,784; in 18C0, 26,919. It borders in the N. on N. C, in the N. E. on the Broad K. and in S. W. on the Ennoree R., and is intersected by the Tiger and Paco- let lis. The surface is mostly hilly and has a general slope from the N. W. to the S. E. The soil is productive. The Spartanburgh & Union R. R. intersects the co. Spartanburgh Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 73,783 bush.; rye, 2,G23 bush.; Indian-corn, 525,698 bush.; oats, 36,106 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,442 bush.; sweet pot's, 30.247 bush.; cotton, 2,851 bales; butter, 170,957 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,147,446. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,349,178. Value of manufactures, $457,152. *Spartauburg:h Court Slonse, p. v. and the CO. seat of Spartanburgh district, 8. C, at N. terminus of the Spartanburgh & Union R. R., 93 mis. K. W. of Columbia. A trade center and surrounded by a gold-producing formation. Seat of a un'iversitj', a female college and an asylum for the deaf, dumb and blind. Mineral springs in the vicinity. Pop., 1,080. Two newspapers. *Spartaiisburg:ta. p. borough in Crawford CO., Pa., on the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., 9 mis. S. S. W. of Cory. Pop., 457. Sparta Station, p. o. in Gallatin co., Ky. Spauldiugr, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 2,U7. Spavinaw, p. o. in Benton co.. Ark. Speaker, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 1,118. Speaker, p. o. in Sanilac co., Mich. Speakeville, p. o. in Lavaca co., Tex. Spears, p. v. in Jessamine co., Ky., 5 mis. from Kicholasville. Spearsville, p. o. in Brown co., Ind. Spearsville, p. o. in Union co.. La. Specht's Ferry, p. o. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Speeclsville, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., 4 mis. VV. of Berkshire. Pop., 153. Speedwell, p. o. in Madison co., Ky. Speedwell, tn. in St. Clair co.. Mo. Pop., 606. Speedwell, p. o. in Claiborne co., Tenn. Speedwell, tn. in Wythe co., Va. Pop., 4,088. Speedwell, p. o. in the above tn. Speer's Ferry, p. o. in Scott CO., Va. Speersville, p. o. in Fulton co.. Pa. Speertown, v. in Essex co., N. J. Speier, p. o. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Speight's Bridg'e, p. o. in Greene co., N. C. Spencer, p. v. in Will eo.. 111., on the Joliet Cut-olf Branch of the Michigan Central R. R., 8 mis. E. by S. of Joliet. Pop. about 400. Spencer, co. in Ind., S. W. part. Area. 300 sq. mis. Pop., 1^,001 ; in 1860, 14,556. It borders on the Ohio R. in the S., on Little Pigeon Cr. in the W. and Anderson Cr. in the E. The north-eastern part of the eo. is rolling ; the south-western mostlj' level. The soil is very productive. Rockport is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 123,663 hush.; rye, t>,161 bush.; Indian-corn, 682,374 hush.; oats, 98,510 bush.; Irish pot's, 74,150 bush.; sweet pot's, 5,447 bush.; butter, 3,367 lbs.; hay, 7,878 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,844,803. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,053,676. Value of manufactures, $621,832. *Spencer, p. v. and the co. seat of Owen co., Ind., on the West Branch of White R.and the Indianapolis & Vincennes R. R., 53 mis. S. E. of Indianapolis. Has line agricultural sur- roundings and manufactories of flour, wool, lumber and carriages. Pop., 971. One news- paper. Spencer, tn. in Jennings co., Ind. Pop., 1,927. Spencer, tn. in Harrison co., Ind. Pop., 1,310. Spencer, tn. in Clay co., Iowa. Pop., 594. ♦Spencer, p. v. in the above tn., on Little Sioux R., 25 mis. N. E. of Cherokee and 60 mis. N. W. of Fort Dodge. Has large trade in agri- cultural products. Two newspapers. Spencer, co. in Ky., N. part. Area, 275 sq. mis. Pop., 5,956; in 1860, 6,188. The surface is un- dulating ; the soil fertile. It is drained by the E. Fork of Salt R., which furnishes abundant water-power. Taylorsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 105,211 bush.; rye, 16,470 bush.; Indian-corn, 436,875 bush.; oats, 35,.S85 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,548 bush.; sweet pot's, 632 bush.; -butter, 119,748 lbs.; hay, 1,852 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,963,479. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $588,633. Value of manufactures, $79,980. Spencer, tu. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 3,952. *Spencer, p. v. in the above tn., '214 mis. N. of Spencer Station, or East Brookfl'eld, on the Boston & Albany R. R. Has extensive wool- en manufactories. Spencer, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 580. Spencer, tn. in Ralls co., Mo. Pop., 2,119. Spencer, p. o. in Lawrence co.. Mo. Spencer, tn. in Pike co.. Mo. Pop., 1,654. Spencer, tn. in Tioga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,863. Spencer, p. v in the above tn., on the Ithaca & Athens R. R., 18 mis. S. of Ithaca. Pop., 400. Spencer, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop., 929. Spencer, p. o. in the v. of Centcrville in the above tn., 7)4 mis. from West Salem. Spencer, tn. in Allen co., Ohio. Pop., 1,153. Spencer, v. in the above tn. (See Spencer- ville, the p. o.) Pop., 364. Spencer, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 1,359. Spencer, tn. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Pop., 2,513. Spencer, tn. in Lucas co., Ohio. Pop., 653. Spencer, p. v. and the co. seat of Van Buren CO., Tenn., 13 mis. from McMinnviile. Pop., 147. Spencer, tn. in Powhatan co., Va. Pop., 2,395. Spencer, tn. in Roane co., W. Va. Pop., 1,366. Spencer, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 33 mis. N. of Charleston. Pop., 143. Spencer Brook, tn. in Isanti co., Minn. Pop., 403. Spencer Brook, p. o. in the above tn. Spencerburgh, p. v. in Pike co.. Mo., 21 mis. VV. of Louisiana and 12 mis. N. W. of Bowling Green. Spencer Creek, p. o. in Antrim eo., Mich. Spencer Cirove, p. o. in Benton co., Iowa. *Spencerport, p. v. in Monroe co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal and the Niagara Falls Branch of the New York Central R. R., 10 mis. ^V. of Rochester. Pop., 591. Spencer's Hill, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Spencer Springs, v. in Tioga co., N. Y., 7 inls. W. of Candor. Spencer's Station, p. v. in Guernsey co., Ohio, on the Central Ohio Division of the Bal- timore & Ohio R. R., 6 mis. W. of Barnesville. Spencer's Store, p. o. in Henry co., Va. Spencertown, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., i mis. S. E, of Chatham Village. SPENCERVILLE. 844 SPRING CREEK. Spencerville, p. v. in De Kalb CO., Ind., 11 mis. from Butler. Spencerville, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Spencerville, p. o. in the v. of Spencer, in Allpn CO., Ohio, on the Miami Canal, 10 mis. frmn Delphos. Spencers, v. in Warren co., Ohio, near the Ma- rietta & Cincinnati R. R., 65^ mis. W. of Blan- chester. The p. o. is Pleasant Plain. Spenceville, p. o. in Nevada co., Cal. Speonk, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the Sag Harbor Branch of the Long Island R. R., 8 mis. S. E. of Manorville. Pop , 174. Bperry, tn. in Claj'ton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,141. Sperry, p. o. in Des Moines co., Iowa. Sperry ville, p. v. in Rappahannock co.. Va., near llie foot of the Blue Ridge, 30 mis. W. of Warrciitdn. SpicelaJid, tn. in Henry co., Ind. I'op., 2,014. Spiceland, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Dunreith. Pop., 370. Spice Valley, tn. in Lawrence co., Ind. Pop., 1,939. Spick ardsville, p. o. in Grundy co.. Mo. Spillvllle, p. V. in Winneshiek co., Iowa, 4 mis. W. of Conover. Spink, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. central part ; extends on both sides of the Dakota R., which flows through it from N. to S. The surface is rolling. Spink, p. o. in Union co.. Dak. Ter. Spinnerstown, p. v. in Bucks co., Pa., 6}/^ mis. from Quakertown. Spinneyville, p. o. in Scott co., Iowa. Spirit £ake, tn. in Dickinson co., Iowa. Pop., Spirit liake, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Spirit Lake, and amid picturesque lake surroundings, 90 mis. N. W. of Fort Dodge and about SO N. E. of Sioux City. Pop., 76. One newspaper. Spitler's Station, v. in Effingham co., 111., on the St. Louis, Vandalia & Terre Haute R. R., 914 rals. N. E. of Effingham. The p. o. is Mon- trose. Split Rook, p. o. in Minnehaha co.. Dak. Ter. Spokan Bridge, p. v. in Stevens co.. Wash. Ter., on the Spokane R. Spokan Falls, p. o. in Stevens co.. Wash. Ter. Spokane River, a tributary of the Colum- bia R.; issues from Coeur d'Allene Lake, in Kootenay co., Idaho Ten, and flows W. through Stephens co.. Wash. Ter. Spooner's Corners, p. o. in Otsego Co., N. Y. Spoon River, p. o. in Knox co.. 111. Spoon River, a tributary of the Illinois R., in In.; rises in Bureau co., passes through Peo- ria, Knox and Fulton cos. and empties near Havana. Spoonville, p. o. in Clark co., Ark. Sportin;? Hill, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Spotswood, p. V. in Middlesex co., N. J., on the Camden & Amboy R. R., dX mis. S. S. W. of South Amboy. Spotted Tail, p. o. in Dak. Ter. Spottsville, p. o. in Henderson co., Ky. Spottsylvania, co. in Va., E. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 11,728; in 18(i0, 16,076. The N. boundary is washed by the Rappahan- nock R., the southern l)y tlie North Anna R. and the co. is also drained by the Mat, Ta, Po and Ny Rs., which form the Mattapony R. The so"il of the vallej-s is productive. The surface is diversified by hills and valleys. The CO. is intersected by the Richmond, Frederick.'!burgh & Potomac R. R. Spottsyl- vania Court House is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, .5(i,0.'J3 bush.; rye, 1,66.5 bush.; Indian-corn, 104,210 bush.; oats, .50,832 busli.; Irish pot's, 6,404 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,543 bush.; tobacco, 132,.502 lbs.; butter, 30,678 lbs.; hay, S&i tons. Cash value of farms, $1,78'.),206. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to ■Stock, etc., $311,738. Value of manufactures, $.5.31,814. Spottsylvania Court House, p. v. and the CO. seat of the above co., on the Po R., 12 mis. S. W. of Fredericksburgh. Spont Springes, p. v. in Appomattox co., Va., on the South Side Division of the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 5 mis. W. of Appo- mattox Court House. Spont Springes, p. o. in Harnett co., N. C. Spra^S^'s, p. o. in Greene co.. Pa. Sprag'ue, tn. in New London CO., Conn. Pop., 3,463. Sprag^ne, v. o. in Monroe co., Ohio. Sprag^ueville, p. v. in Jackson co., Iowa, 3 mis. N. W. of Preston. Spraker's Basin, p. o. in the v. of Spraker's, in Montgomery co., N. Y., on the Mohawk R., the Erie Canal and the N. Y. Central R. R., 9 mis. W. of Fonda. Sprankle's Slills, p. o. in Jefferson co.. Pa. Spread Eagle, p. o. in the v. of Eagle, in Cliester co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania R. R., 14 mis. W. of Philadelphia. Sprigg, tn. in Adams co., Ohio. Pop. 2,086. Spring, tn. in Jefferson co.. Ark. Pop., 406. Spring, tn. in Boone co.. 111. Pop., 1,068. Spring, tn in Cherokee co.. Iowa. Pop., 33. Spring, p. o. in Jasper co.. Mo. Spring, tn. in Crawford co., Pa. Pop., 1,.522. Spring, p. bor. in the above tn., near the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R. and on the Beaver & Erie Canal, 3 nals. N. of Conneautville. Pop., 323. Spring, tn. In Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 2,253. Spring, tn. in Centre co.. Pa. Pop., 1,603. Spring, tn. in Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 1,492. Spring, p. o. in Harris co., Tex. Spring Arbor, tn. in Jackson CO., Mich. Pop., 1,117. Spring Arbor, p. v. in the above tn., on the Air Lino Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 9 nils. W. S. W. of Jackson. Spring Bay, tn. in Woodford co.. 111. Pop., 475. Spring Bay, p. v. in the above tn.,2mls. E. of Mossville. i'op., 235. Spring BlaflT, p. o. in Lake co.. 111. Spring Bluff, p. o. in Choctaw Nation, Ind. Ter. Spring Bluff, p. o. in Franklin co., Mo. Spring Bluff, p. o. in Adams co., "Wis. *SpringboroHgli, p. v. in Warren co., Ohio, on Clear Cr., 4 mis. E. of Franklin. Pop., 477. Spring Branch, p. o. in Comal co., Tex. Spring Brook, p. v. in Jackson co , Iowa, mis. S. of Bellevue. Spring Brook, p. o. in Gratiot CO., Mich. Spring Brook, p. v. in Erie Co., N. Y., near the Buffalo & Washington R. R., 11 mis. S. E. of Buffalo. Spring Brook, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 420. Spring Brook, p. o. in the above tn. Spring Brook, tn. in Dunn CO., AVis. Pop., 1,061. Spring Churcli, p. o. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Spring City, p. v. in San Pete CO., Utah Ter., 6 nils. S. of Mount Pleasant. Spring City, p. v. in Chester CO., Pa., on the Schuylkill R. and Canal, and near Philadel- phia '& Reading R. R., 34 mis. N. W. of Phila- delphia. One newspaper. Spring Cottage, p. o. in Marion co., Mis.^. Spring Creek, tn. in Phillips CO., Ark. Pop. 1,.563. Spring Creek, p. o. in Phillips co.. Ark. Spring Creek, tn. in Yell co., Ark. Pop., 778. Spring Creek, tn. in Pike co.. 111. Pop., 1,009. Spring Creek, v. in Cass co., Ind., 6 mis. from Logansport. Spring Creek, tn. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Pop., 707. Spring Creek, tn. in Tama co., Iowa. Pop., 573. Spring Creek, p. o. in the above tn. SPRING CREEK. 845 SPRINGFIELD. Spring' Creek, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. Spring: Creek, tn. in Saline co., Kans, Pop., 7-26. Springr Creek, p. o. in Rapides parish. La. Spring Creek, p. o. in Goodhue CO., >linn. Spring; Creek, tn. in Dent co.. Mo. Pop., 1,001. Spring: Creek, tn. in Douglas co., Mo. Pop., Spring Creek, tn. in Howell co.. Mo. Pop., 4-lS. Spring Creek, tn. in Maries co., Mo. Pop., 244. Spring Creek, tn. in Phelps co.. Mo. Pop., 1,119. Spring Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Spring Creek, p. o. in Johnson co., Nebr. Spring Creek, p. o. in Madison co., N. C. Spring Creek, tn. in Miami co., Ohio. Pop., I,ti0t>. Spring Creek, tn. in Warren co.. Pa. Pop., 1,116. Spring Creek, p. v. in above tn., on Philadel- phia & Erie li. li., 6 mis. S. E. of Corry. Spring Creek, tn. in Elk co., Pa. Pop., 357. Spring Creek, p. v. in Madison CO., Tenn., 7 mis. from Jaclcson. Spring Creek, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. Spring Creek, tn, in Wirt co., W. Va. Pop., 4!)U. Spring Creek, p. o. in Adams co., Wis. Springdale, p. o. in Washington co., Ark. Springdaie, p. o. in Fairfield co., Conn. Spring Dale, tn. in Cedar CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,539. *Spring Dale, p. v. in the above tn., near the Red C'clar R., 8 mis. N. N. E. of West Liberty. Springdale, p. v. in Leavenworth co., Kans., 15 mis. \V^. S. W. of Leavenworth. Springdale, p. o. in Mason co., Ky. Spring Dale, p. v. in La Fayette co.. Miss., on the Mississippi Centi-al R. R., 11 mis. S. S. W. of Oxford, the co seat. Pop., about 50. Springdale, p, o in Valley co., Nebr. Springdale, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ohio, 2}^ mis. N. N. W. of Glendale. Pop., 382. Spring Dale, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., on Alleghany R., the West Division of the Penn- sylvania Canal and the West Pennsylvania R. R., 19 mis. N. W. of Alleghany City. Springdale, p. o. in Claiborne co., Tenn. Springdale, p. o. in Kane co., Utah Ter. Spring Dale, tn. in Dane co., Wis. Pop., 1,138. Spring Dale, p. o in the above tn. Springerton, p. o. in White co.. 111. Springfield, p. v. and the co. seat of Conway CO., Ark., 40 mis. N. N. W. of Little Rock. Springfield, p. v. in IJonhomme co., Dak. Tor., on Missouri R., 30 mis. above Yankton ; center of supplies for a large section to the N. antl N. W. One newspaper, Springfield, p. v. and the co. seat of Effing- ham CO., Ga., on Ebenezer Cr., 22 mis. N. N. W. of Savannah. Pop., 32. Springfield, tn. in Sangamon co.. 111. Pop., 2.447. *Springfield, city, co. seat of Sangamon co. and capital of 111.; is situated on the edge of a broad and fertile prairie, 3 mis. S. of Sanga- mon R., and In a direct line between Chicago and St. Louis, 185 mis. S. W. of the former place and 95 N. E. of the latter. Its surround- ings are populous, and in geological structure belong to the coal-bearing regions of the state. The city is regularly laid out, with wide streets, mostly lined with substantial public and private buildings. It became the state capital in 1840. The capitol, which occupies a square near the center of the city, is a commanding building, justly re- garded as a model of architectural beauty. Among the other notable structures are a Court House, State Arsenal, United States Court House and Custom House, and the High School, besides several beautiful churches and commodious hotels. The man. ufacturing interests of the city are important. Here are located the extensive shops of the Toledo, Wabash & Western Railroad Com- pany, and near it are the buildings of the Springfleld Watch Company. Its local trade is very large, and its railroad connections give it general commercial importance, being situated at the crossing of the Chicago & Al- ton R. R., the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R. and the Springfield & Illinois .'Southeastern R. R.; andalsoat S. E. terminus of Springfleld 6 Northwestern R. R. and S. W. terminus of Gilman & Clinton R. R. The city was laid, out in 18-22, and in 1840 had a population of 2,579 ; in 1850, 4,533 ; in 1860, 9,320 ; in 1870, 17,364. Ten newspapers are published here, of which the " Illinois State J ournal " and the " Illinoia State Register " are the leading dailies. Springfleld, tn. in Franklin co., Ind. Pop., l,.513. Springfield, p. v. in the above tn., 8)4 mis. N, E. of lirookville. Springfield, tn, in Allen co., Ind., Pop., 1,749. Springfield, v. in Noble co., Ind. Springfield, tn. in La Grange co., Ind, Pop., 928. Springfield, tn. in La Porte co., Ind, Pop., 1,07-2. Springfield, tn. in Cedar co., Iowa. Pop., i,.>09. Springfield, p. v. in Keokuk co., Iowa, 9inls, W. of Sigourney. Springfield, tn. in Winneshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 1,260. Springfield, p. o. in Mitchell co., Kans. 'Springfield, p. v. and the co. seat of Wash- ington CO., Ivy., 10 mis. N. of Lebanon. Pop., 502. One newspaper. Springfield, p. v. and the co. seat of Living, ston parish. La., 53 mis. E. of Baton Rouge. It lies on a tributary of the Tickfaw li., about 7 mis. from its entrance into Lake Maurepas. Springfield, v. in De Soto parish. La., at the northern extremity of Bayou Pierre Lake, 27 mis. S. of Slireveport. Springfield, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop., 879. Springfield, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. from Lincoln. ^Springfield, city, and the co. seat of Hamp> den CO., Mass., is situated on the E. bank of the Connecticut R., 96 mis. W. S. W. of Boston, 26 mis. N. of Hartford, Conn., and 138 N. E. of New- York. Its site is partly a low, level plain and partly an elevated plateau, commanding a fine view of the surrounding country. Main Street is the principal avenue. It is some 3 mis. in length and is lined with handsome private residences, commodious business houses and imposing public structures. Court House Square is a beautiful inclosure near the center of the city, on one side of which is the City Hall, and S. of it is the Court House, a massive granite building in the Italian style of architecture. The City High School build- ing and the City Free Library building are elegant structures. The latter contains a li- brary of 3'2,000 volumes and a valuable muse- um. In beauty of its church architecture Springfleld is unsurpassed by any city in the state. The finest of these structures are the Church of the Unity, the Cathedral of St, Michael, the First Congregational Church and the Memorial Church. But the most interesting buildings are those of the United States Arsenal and Armory, the largest in the country, located on Arsenal Hill. It waa established in 1795, employs nearly 1,000 hands, and during the four years 1861-64 turned out arms to the value of $12,000,000. The manufacturing interests of the city are varied and extensive, embracing fire-arms, jewelry, paper .collars, books, railway cars, SPRINGFIELD. 846 SPRING GREEN. sadcUcs and liarness, ami cotton and woollen goods. They are represented by 300 sepai'ate establishments, employing in the aggregate 5,000 hands, and turning out products to the amount of many millions of dollars. The city is an important commercial center, be- ing situated on the Boston & Albany R. R., 98 mis. "W. of Boston, at N. terminus of New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 62 mis. N. of New Haven, and S. terminus of Connecti- cut River R. 11. Springtield was settled in 163S by a company under Willuim Pynchon. It was then called Agawam. In 1040 this name was cliangcd to Springfleld. In 1646 it was incorporated as a tn., and in 1852 as a city. Its population In 1820 was 3,970 ; in 1830, 6,784; in 1840, 10,9.i8; in ia")0, 11,766; in 1860, 15,- 193 ; in 1870, 26,703 : 19,773 of whom were native born and 6,930, foreign born ; 26,136 white and 567 colored. Six newspapers are published here, of which the "Republican" and the " Union " are dailies. Springfield, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop., 1,378. Springfleld, p. o. in the above tn. *Sprinsfield, p. v. and the co. seat of Greene CO., Mo., on Wilson Cr. and on the Atlantic & Pacific R. U.. 241 S. W. of St. Louis. It is the seat of a United States Land Office. Has sash and door, tobacco, and agricultural im- plement factories. Center of trade for a large agricultural district. Pop., 5,555; in 18.50, 415. Three newspapers. Springfield, tn. in Henry co., Mo. Pop., J, 896. Springfield, tn. in Sullivan co., N. H. Pop., 781. Springfield, p. o. in the above tn. S^pringfield, tn. in Union co., N. J. Pop., 770. Springfield, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mle. from Millburn. Springfield, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 1,761. Springfield, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 2,022. Springfield, p. v. in the above tn., S]^ mis. from Cherry Valley. Springfield, tn. in Clark co., Ohio. Pop., 2,888. "^Springfield, city, and co. seat of Clark co., Ohio; is situated at the confluenceof Mad R. and Lagonda Cr., 43 mis. W. by S. of Colum- bus. It is beautifully situated, elegantly built, and has the reputation of being one of the handsomest cities inthestate. Wittenberg College (Lutheran) is located near it. Both the streams upon which it is sitnatetl furnish water-power, and greatly add to the manu- facturing interests of the place, which em- brace numerous flouring mills and factories for the production of farming implements, water-wheels and other machinery. It is also an important commercial center, being lo- cated on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. and the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R., at N. terminus of the Xeiiia & Springfleld Branch of the Little Miami R. R., the E. ter- minus of the Columbus, Springrteld & Cin- cinnati R. R., and S. \V. terminus of the Springfleld Branch of the Cleveland, Colum- bus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis U. R. Its surroundings are rich and populous. Pop. in 1840, 2,094 ; in 18.50, 5,008 ; in 1860, 7,002 ; in 1870, 12,652, 10,483 of which were natives of the United States and 2.169 foreign born. Seven newspaiiers are published here, of which the '•Spriii:,'ticld Republic"' is daily, tri-weekly and weclvlv. Springfield, tn. in Gallia CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,824. Springfield, tn. in Hamilton CO., Ohio. Pop., i.ur) Springfield, tn. in Jetferson co., Ohio. Pop., 826. Springfleld, tn. in Lucas co., Ohio. Pep., 701. Springfield, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 2,1.50. Springfield, tn. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Pop., 4.022. Springfield, tn. in Richland co., Ohio. Pop., 2,046. Springfleld, tn.in Ross co., Ohio. Pop.,l,23S. Springfleld, tn. in Summit Co., Ohio. Pop., 2.08i. Springfield, tn. in Williams CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,981. Springfleld, p. v. in Lane co., Oreg., 5 mis. E. of Eugene City. Springfield, tn. in Bradford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,45.5. Springfield, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. from Columbia Cross Roads. Springfield, tn. in Bucks co., Pa. Pop., 1,551. Springfield, tn. in Delaware co., Pa. Pop., 1,267. Springfield, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 1,742. Springfield, tn. in Fayette co., Pa. Pop,, 1,629. Springfield, tn. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Pop., Springfield, tn in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 1,313. Springfield, tn. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pop., 1,222. Springfield, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 1,958. Springfield, p. v. and the co. seat of Robert- son CO., Tenn., on Sulphur Cr. and on the St. Louis & Southeastern R. R., 29 mis. N. N. W. of Nashville. Pop., 502. One newspaper. Springfield, p. t. and the eo. seat of Lime- stone CO., Tex., on the Navasota R., 7 mis. N. of Groosbeck. Springfield, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 2,937. *Springfleld, p. V. in the .above tn.; pictur- esquely located on the Black R., near its con- fluence with the Connecticut R. and opposite Charlestown on the Vermont Central R. R., 8 mis. N. of Bellows Falls. Pop., 1,357. One newspaper. Springfleld, tn. in Page co., Va. Pop., 1,935. Springfleld, tn. in Hampshire CO., W". Va. Pop., 2,173. Springfield, p. v. in the above tn., on the South Branch of the Potomac R., 11 mis. S. of Patterson's Depot. Springfleld, tn. in Monroe co., Va. Pop., 1,624. Springfield, tn. in St. Croix co., Wis. Pop., 372. Springfleld, tn. in Jackson co., Wis. Pop., 711. Springfield, tn. in Marquette co.. Wis. Pop., 261. Springfleld, p. v. in Walworth co., Wis., on the Western Union R. R., 7 mis. W. of Burling- ton and 7 mis. E. of Elkhorn. Springfleld, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 1,439. Springfield Centre, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., H]4 nils, from Cherry Valley. Springfleld Corners, p. 6. in Dane CO., Wis. Springfield Fnrnace, p. v. in Blair CO., Pa., 9 nds. K of IloUidaysburgh. Springfleld Store, p. o. in Queens CO., N. Y. Spring Forge, p. o. in York co., Pa. Spring Fork, p. o. in Grayson co., Ky. Spring tiarden, p. o. in Cherokee co., Ala. Spring Garden, p. v. in Jetferson co., 111., 18 mis. from Ashley. Pop., 205. Spring Carden, p. o. in the v. of Springvillo, in Lancaster co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania R. R., l\i mle. N. W. of Mt. .Joy. Spring Warden, tn. in Y'ork co., Pa. Pop., 3,040. Spring Garden, p. o. in Pittsylvania co., Vti. Spring «reen, tn. in Sauk CO., Wis. Pop., 1,1.56. Spring Green, p. v. in the above In., on the Wisconsin R. and the Prairie dn Cbien Divis- ion of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 14 mis W. of Mazo Manie. Pop., 422. SPRING GROVE. 847 SPRING VALLEY. Spring Grove, tn. in "Warren, co., 111. Pop., 1,080. Spring Grove, p. v. in the above tn., near the Kockford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 6 mis. N. of Monmouth. Spring Grove, tn. in Linn co., Iowa. Pop., 795. Spring Grove, p. o. in the ahove tn. Spring Grove, tn. in Houston co., Minn. Pop., 1,331. Spring Grove, p. v. in the above tn., 24 mis. from Hokah. Spring Grove, p. o. in Dallas co., Mo. Spring Grove, p. v. in Rowan co., N. C, 12 mis. W. of China Grove and 17 mis. S. W. of Salisbury. . Spring Grove, p. o. in Lancaster co., Pa. Spring Grove, p. o. in Laurens district, S. C. Spring Grove, p. o. iu Surry CO., Va. Spring Grove, tu. in Green co., Wis. Pop., 1,'23(). Spring Xlill, tn. in Drew CO., Ark. Pop., 1,128. Spring Hill, tn. in Hempstead CO., Ark. Pop., 1,240. Spring Hill, p. o. in the above tn. Spring Hill, p. v. in Whitesides co.. 111., 4 mis. from Erie. Spring Hill, V. in Vigo co., Ind., on Cincin- nati & Terre Haute R. R., at crossing of E vans- ville & Craw fords ville R. R., 5 mis. S. E. of Terre Haute. Spring Hill, p. o. in Decatur co., Ind. Spring Hill, p. o. in Warren CO., Iowa. Spring Hill, tn. in Johnson co., Kans. Pop., 959. Spring Hill, p. v. in the above tn., on the Missouri River, Fort Scott & Gulf R. R., 9mls. S. of Olathe. Pop. about 500. Two newspa- pers. Spring Hill, p, o. in Hickman co., Ky. Spring Hill, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the Cape Cod. R. R., 2 mis. E. of Sandwich. Spring Hill, p. o. in Stearns co., Minn. Spring Hill, p. o. iu Benton co., Miss. Spring Hill, p. v. in Livingston co.. Mo., 8 mis. N. W. of Chillicothe. Spring Hill, p. o. in Bradford co., Pa. Spring Hill, tn. iu Payette co.. Pa. Pop., l,CAi. Spring Hill, tn. in Greene co., Pa. Pop., 1,481. Spring Hill, p. o. in Sumter district, S. C. Spring Hill, p. v. in Maury co., Tenn.,onthe Louisville & Memphis Line of the Louisville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 1-1}4 mis. S. of Franklin. Spring Hill, p. v. in Navarro co., Tex., on Richland Cr., 32 mis. N. of Groesbeek. Spring Hill, p. o. in Mecklenburgh co., Va. Spring Hill Academy, p. o. in Henry co., Tenn. Spring Hill Depot, p. o. in Henry co., Ky. Springhill Furnace, p. o. in I'ayette co.. Pa. Spring Hills, p. v. in Champaign co., Ohio, 8 mis. from West Liberty. Pop., 172. Spring Hollow, p. o. in Laclede co., Mo. Spring Hope, p. o. in Bedford co.. Pa. Spring House, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., 114 Tnle. from Penllyn. Spring House, p. o. in Granger co., Tenn. Spring liake, tn. in Tazewell co.. 111. Pop., 857. Spring I^ake, tn. in Ottawa co., Mich. Pop., 1,836. ♦Spring "Lake, p. v. in the above tn., on the N. side of Grand R. and Spring Lake and on the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R.," nearly opposite and 3 mis. from Grand Haven. Large interests in lumber and fruit trade. Pop., 1,150. One newspaper. Spring Liake, tn. in Scott co., Minn. Pop., 939. Spring I^ake, p. o. in Williams co., Ohio. Spring Ieon. Spring Valley, tn. in Dalis.s co., Iowa. Pop., 908. Spring Valley, tn. iu Moi:c:?a co , Iowa. Pop., 142. SPRING VALLEY. 848 STAFFORD. Spring: Valley, tn. in Cherokee CO., Kans. Pop., 2,304. Spring Valley, p. o. in McPherson co., Kans. Spriii;;' Valley, tn. in Filimore co., Minn. Pop., l,27!t. •Spring: Valley, p. v. in the above tn., on the Southern Minnesota R. R., 76 mis. W. of La Crosse. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. Spring: Valley, tn. in Shannon co., Mo. Pop., •Joi. Spring Valley, p. o. in Madison co., Nebr. Spring' Valley, p. v. in Bergen co., N. J., i}4 ml.s. from Cresskill. Spring Valley, p. v. in Rockland co., N. Y., on the Piermont Brancli of the Erie R. R., li]^ nils. N. E. of Piermont. Spring Valley, tn. in Greene co., Ohio. Pop., 1,555. Spring Valley, p. v. in the above tn., on the Little Miami R. R., 6^ mis S. W. of Xenia. Pop., 290. Spring Valley, tn. in Rock co.. Wis. Pop., 1,253. Spring Valley, p. o. in Grayson co., Va. Spring Valley, p. o. in Pierce co.. Wis. Springville, p. v. in St. Clair co., Ala., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. II., 13 mis. S. W. of Ashville. Pop. about 400. Springville, v. in La Porte co., Ind., 5 mis. from La Porte. Springville, p. v. in Lawrence co., Ind., 10 mis. from IJcdford. Springville, p. v. in Linn co., Iowa, on the Dubuque & Southwestern R. R., 11 mis. from Anamosa anIills, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. Sprout Brook, p. v. in Montgomery co., N. Y., 7 mis. from Fort Plain. Sprout Creek, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Spruce, tn. in Bates co.. Mo. Pop., 1,506. Spruce, p. o. in Indiana CO., Pa. Spruce, p. o. in Ritchie co., W. Va. Spruce Creek, p. v. in Huntingdon co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania R. R., 12 mis. N. W. of Huntingdon. Spruce Hill, p. o. in Douglas co., Minn. Sprace Hill, tn. in Juniata co.. Pa. Pop., 899. Sprncc Hill, p. o. in the above tn. Spruce Hill, p. o. in Highland co.. Va. Spruce Mount, p. o. in Elko co., JSTev. Spruce Vale, p. o. in Columbia co., Ohio. Spunk Brook, p. o. in Stearns co., Minn. Spurgcon, p. o. in Pike co., Ind. Spurlockville, p. o. in Lincoln CO., W. Va. Spuytcn Buy vil, p. v. in Westchester co., K. Y., on the Hudson R. and the Hudson River R. R., 11 mis. from New Y'ork. Pop. about 600. Squak, p. o. in King co., Wash. Ter. Squain liake, in N. H.; partly in Grafton and partly in Carroll cos., and N. "W. of Lake VVin- nipeseogeef. It is a beautiful sheet of water, 6 mis. long and 3 mis. wide, and studded with numerous islands. Its outlet, Squam R., empties into the Pemigewasset R. Squamagonlc, or Gonic, p. v. in Strafford CO., N. H. (See Gonic, which is the p. o. name.) Squain Village, p. v. in Monmouth co., X. J., on the Farmingdale & Squam Village R. R., 7 mis. S. E. of Farmingdale. It lies near the sea-coast. Squanknm, v. in Monmouth co., N. J., on the Manasquam R. and the New Jersey Southei'n R. R., 27 mis. S. of Sandy Hook. The p. o. is Lower Squankum. Square Corner, p. o. in Adams co.. Pa. Square Pond, p. o. in Tolland CO., Conn. Squaw, tn. in Warren co., Iowa. Pop., 695. Squaw Creek, p. o. in Boise CO., Idaho Ter. Squaw Grove, tn. in De Kalb co., 111. Pop., SS6. Squiresville, p. o. in Owen co., Ky. Squirrel Island, p. o. in Lincoln co.. Me. Staatsburgta, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Hudson R. and Hudson River 11. R., 83 mis. N. of New York. Pop. about 200. Stablersville, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Stacyville, tn. in Mitcliell co., Iowa. Pop., Staceyville, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. N. E. of MiteheU. Stacy, p. o. in Chisago co., ]Minn. Stafford, tn. in Tolland co.. Conn. Pop., 3,405. StaflTord, p. v. in the above tn., 2V^ mis. N. E. of Stafford Springs on the New London Northern R. R. Stafford, tn. in De Kalb Co., Ind. Po,p., .584. Stafford, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., 841. Stafford, new co. in Kans., W. central part. Area, 720 sq. mis. The surface is undulating or level, and consists chiefly of prairies. The Arkansas R. intersects the N. W. corner of the CO., and the Rattle Snake Hill R. flows through the middle from S. W. to N. E. StaflTord, tn. in Ocean co., N. J. Pop., 1,414. StaflTord, tn. in Genesee co., N. Y. Pop., 1,847. StaflTord, p. v. in the above tn., on the Attica Branch of the Erie R. R. and near the New York Central R. R., 5\4 mis. E. of Batavia. Stafford, p. V. in Monroe co., Ohio, 13 mis. S. W. of Woodsfleld. Pop., 150. StaflTord, p. o. in Fort IJend co., Tex. Stafford, eo. in Va., N. E. part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop., 6,420 ; in 1860, S,,555. It i3 bounded on the E. by the Potomac R. and on the S. by the Rappahannock R., and has an un- dulating or hilly surface and a productive soil. Aquia, Potom.ac and Accokeek Crs. drain the CO., and the Riclirnonil, Fredcricksburgh & Potomac R. U. passes through it. Stafford Court House is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 30,763 bush.; rye, 2.157 bush.; Indian-corn, 99,057 bush.; oats, 39,586 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,800 bush.; sweet pot's, 399 bush.; butter, 40,707 lbs.; hay, 1,006 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,490,483. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $255,864. Value of manufactures, $107,000. STAFFORD COURT HOUSE. 849 STANTON. Stafford Court Sonse, p. o. and the co. seat of the above co., 4 mla. N. W. of Accokeek station on the Potomac, Riclimond & Feters- bni'sh R. R., 58 mis. S. of Washington. ♦Stafford Springs, p. v. in Tolland co., Conn., on the WiUimantic R. and on New London Northern R. R., 50 mis. N. of New London. Has woollen, cotton and iron manufactories ; also the location of noted minerai springs. One newspaper. Stafford Store, p. o. in Stafford co., Va. Staffordville, p. v. in Tolland co., Conn., 2 mis. E. N. E. of Stafford and i^ mis. N. E. of Stafford Springs oa the New London North- ern II. R. StAffordsville, tn. in Giles co., "Va. Pop., 1.8SS. Staffordville, p. o. in Ocean co., N. J. Stag's's C'roeK,p.o. in Ashe co., N. C. Stafyville, p. o. in Orange co., N. C. Stablstowu, p. o. in Westmoreland co., Pa. Stamford, tn. ia Fairfield co., Conn. Pop., 9,714. *Stamford, p. v. in the above tn., on Stamford Harbor and on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., at S. terminus of Branch to New Canaan, 35 mis. N. W. of New York city. Has important manufactories, a lively coast trade and is a favorite sumnjer resort. Two newspapers. Stamford, tn. in Delaware co., N. Y. Pop., 1,«58. Stamford, p. v. in the above tn., at present N. W. terminus of the New York, Kingston & Syracuse R. R., 70 mis. N. W. of Kingston. Has agricultural surroundings and manufactur- ing interests. One newspaper. Stamford, tn. in Bennington co., Vt. Pop., H33. Stamford, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mlg. from Nortii Adams, Mass. Stamper's Creek, tn. in Orange co., lud. Pop., S27. Stamper's Creeli, p. o. in the above tn. Stamping Kiirctaes, p. o. in Floyd co., Va. Stamping Ground, p. v. in Scott co., Ky., 9 mis. from Georgetown. Stanard, p. o. in De Kalb Co., Mo. Stanard's Corners, p. o. in Allegany co., N.Y. StanardsTille, tn. in Greene co., Va. Pop., 1,789. StanardsTiile, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, 5 mis. E. of the Blue Ridge, in a high- ly productive valley, and 19 mis. W. of Orange Court House. Stanchfield, p. o. in Isanti co., Minn. Standing Stone, tn. in Bradford co.. Pa. Pop., 905. Standing Stone, p. v. in the above tn., on the Susquehanna R. and the Pennsylvania & New Yorlc Canal and R. R. Co.'s Line, 7 mis. S. E. of Towanda. Standista, tn. in Cumberland co., Me. Pop., 2089. Standisli, p. v. in the above tn., 6J^ mis. from Gorham. Stanfield, p. o. in Barron co., Wis. Stanford, tn. in Clay CO., HI. Pop., 1,349, Stanford, p. o. in McLean co.. 111. Stanford, p. v. in Monroe co., Ind., 10 mis. S. W. of Bloomington. Stanford, p. o. in Mai'shall co., Iowa. Stanford, p. v. and the co. seat of Lincoln co., Ky., on Logan Cr. and on the Knoxville Branch of the Louisville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 104 mis. S. E. of Louisville. Pop., 742. One newspaper. Stanford, tn. in Isanti co., Minn. Pop., 215. Stanford, p. o. in Texas co.. Mo. Stanford, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 2, lit). Stanfordville, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Poughkeepsie & Eastern R. R., 17% mis. N. E. of Poughkeepsie. 54 Stanbope, p. v. in S.usses co., N. J., on the Morris Canal and the Morris & Essex R. R., 63 mis. W. of New \"ork. Pop. about 200. Stanhope, p o. in Nash co., N. C. Stanislaus, co. in Cal., central part. Area, 1,248 sq. mis. Pop., 6,49i) ; in 1860, 2,245. It lies on both sides of the San Joaquui H v hich flows nearlj' through the center i.-jia S. E. to N. W. The S. W. boundary is formed bj^ one of the Coast Ranges, and the N. E. boundary by the Stanislaus R. The greater part of the surface is level. With the exception of a few scattered oaks along the larger streams, it is destitute of timber. Within its limits the San Joaquin receives the Tuolumne R., the Arroyo del Puerto and the Orestimba Crs. Along these water-courses extend broad bottoms ot exceedingly rich soil, upon which the crops hardly ever fail. Knights Ferry is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Whsat, 1,650, - 725 bush.; rye, 400 bush.; Indian-corn, 15,700 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,750 bush.; wool, 749,263 lbs.; hutter, 52,625 lbs.; hay, 15,191 tons. Cash value of farms, .'^4,302, 840. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including aclditions to stock, etc., $2,718,036. Value of manufac- tures, $218,234. Stanislaus River, a tributary of the San Joa- quin in Cal.; is formed by the confluence of three forks, the North, Middle and South, which rise in the Sierra Nevada. It separates Calaveras co. from Tuolumne co., and San Joaquin co. from Stanislaus co. Stanley, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. central part, borders in the N. E. on the Missouri R., and is intersected by the Big^ Cheyenne R. and its tributary. Cherry Cr. The surface is rolling. Stanley, p. o. in Johnson co., Kans. Stanley, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. Stanley, p. o. in Putnam co., Ohio. Stanley, p. o. in the v. of Gorham, in Ontario CO., N. 1., on the Northern Central R. R., H mis. S. E. of Canandaigua. Stanley, co. in N. C, S. central part. Area about 300 sq. mis. Pop., 8,315 ; in I860, 7,801. The Yadkin R. forms the eastern boundary, and its tributary, Rocky R., the southern. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. Albemarle is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 63,575 bush.; rye, 578 bush.; Indian-corn, 118,788 bush.; oats, 42,037 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,294 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,435bush.; tobacco, 12,459 lbs.; butter, 3,020 lbs.; hay, 1,045 tons. Cash value of farms, $3.52,.5S6. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $308,067. Value of manutUctures, $103,850. Stanley, tn. in Warwick co., Va. Pop., 548. Stanley's Creeli, p. o. in Gaston co., N. C Stannard, tn. in Caledonia CO., Vt. Pop., 228. Stannard, p. o. in Caledonia CO., Vt. Stanton, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., •% mle. W, of the station on the Philadelphia, Wil- mington & Baltimore R. R., 6 mis. S. W. of Wilmington. Stanton, tn. in Champaign co.. 111. Pcj., 1,088. Stanton, p. o. in Montgomery co., Iowa. Stanton, tn. in Plymouth co., Iowa. Pop., 356. Stanton, new co. in Kans., S. W. part. Area, 720. sq. mis. It borders in the W. on Colo. Ter.; has a rolling or level surface ; is drained by tributaries of the Cimarron R. Stanton, tn. in Linn co., Kans. Pop., 528. Stanton, tn. in Miami co., Kans. Pop., 844. Stanton, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. W. of Paolo. Stanton, p. v. and the co. seat of Powell co., Ky., on Rod R., a tributary of the Kentucky R., 34 mis. S. W. of Paris. *Stanton, p. v. and the co. seat of Montcalm CO., Mich., at N. terminus of Stanton Branch of Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan R. B., 17 mis. N. of the intersection at Ionia. Pop., 600. One newspaper. STANTON. 850 STAREVILLE. Stanton, p. o. in Goodhue co., Minn. Stanton, V. in Franklin co., Mo. (See Stanton Copper Mines.) Stanton, co. in Nebr., N. E. central part. Area, 432 .sq. mis. Pop., G36. The surface is rolling and consists mostly of prairies. The Elkhorn K. flows through the co. from W. to E., and drains it with many small affluents. The Fremont, Elkliorn <& Missouri River R. R. in- tersects it. Stanton is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions In 1870 : Wheat, 1.5,610 bush.; Indian- corn, 9,255 bush.; oats, 6,548 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,630 bush.; butter, 8,645 lbs.; hay, 943 tons. Ca.sh value of farms, $159,600. Total, estimat- ed, vahie of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $,26,121. Stanton, p. v. and the co. seat of Stanton co., Nebr., 5 mis. S. W. of Clinton. Stanton, p. v. in Hunterdon co., N. J.,5J^mls. N. of Flemington. Stanton, tn. in Miami co., Ohio. Pop., 1,317. Stanton, p. v. in Jelferson co.. Pa., 5^4 mis. S. of llrookville. Stanton Depot, p. v. In Haywood co., Tenn., on the Memphis & Louisville R. R., 12J^ mis. S. W. of Brownsville. Stanton Copper 9Iines, p. v. in Franklin CO., Mo., on the Meramec R. and the Atlantic & Pacitic R. R., 28^^ mis. S. W. of Pacific. Stanwich, p. v. in Fairfield co., Conn., 7 mis. from Greenwich. Stanwix, p. v. m Oneida co., N. T., on the Erie Canal, 2 mis. from Rome. *Stanwood, p. v. in Cedar co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 5 mis. W. of Clarence. One newspaper. Stanwood, p. o. in Leavenworth co., Kans. Stanivood, p. o. in Mecosta co., Mich. Stapleton, tn. in Chickasaw co., Iowa. Pop., 800. Stapleton, p. o. in the above tn. *Stapleton, p. v. on Staten Island, In Rich- mond CO., JS. y., and on the S. W. coast of New York B., 7 mis. S. W. of New York city, ■with which it is connected hourly by ferry. One newspaper. Stapleton, p. o. in Morgan co. Tenn. Stapleton Mills, p. o. in Amherst co., Va. Star, p. o. in Ouachita co.. Ark. Star, p. o. in Rush co., Ind. Star, p. o. in Marion co., Iowa. Star, p. o. in Warren co., Pa. Star, p. V. in Vernon co., Wis., on the Klcka- poo K., 28 mis. S. S. E. of Sparta. Star City, p. v. and the co. seat of Lincoln co.. Ark. Star City, p. v. in Pulaski co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 16 mis. N. W. of Logansport. Pop., 115. Star City, a mining and p. v. in Humboldt co., Nev., in a valley ot the West Humboldt Mts., 5 mis. S. E. of Humboldt a station on the Central Pacific R. R., and 41 mls.W. of Winne- mucca. Star City, p. o. in Beaver co., Utah. StarU, p. o. in Butts co., Ga. Stark, CO. in 111., N. central part. Area, 285 sq. mis. Pop., 10,751 ; in 1860, 9,004. The sur- face is rolling and the soil good. It is drained by the head waters of several tributaries of the Illinois R. The Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. and the Peoria & Rock Island K. R. pass tlirough the co. Toulon is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 124.639 bush.; rye, 30,.534 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,149,878 bush.; oats, 316,72() bush.; Irish pot's, 51,932 bush.; sweet pots, 34 bush.; butter, 295,- 683 lbs.; hav, 19,933 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,226,929. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,596,615. Value of manufactures, $222,990. Stark, p. v. in Somerset co., Me., 12 mis. from Farniington. Stark, p. v. in Chisago CO., Minn., 22 mis. from Giiflin. Stark, tn. in Brown co., Minn. Pop., 447. Stark, tn. in Hickory co.. Mo. Pop., 1,130. Stark, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 464. Stark, p. V. in the above tn., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 6 mis. E. of Grovcton. Stark, tn. in Herkimer co., N. Y. Pop., 1,541. Stark, CO. in Ohio, N. E. central part. Area, 558 sq. mis. Pop., 52,508; in 1860, 42,978. The surface is undulating and the soil very fertile, being remarkable for the j'ield of wheat. The Tuscarawas R. and several small creeks tra- verse and drain it. The Pittsburgh, Fort Waj'ne & Chicago R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W., and the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R. passes through the N. E. corner. Canton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 806,102 bush.; rye, 8,207 tu.sh.; Indian- corn, 790,914 bush.; oats, 769,.530 bivsh.; Irish pot's, 189,486 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,370 bush.; butter, 1,238,428 lbs.; hay, 54.790 tons. Cash value of farms, $23,139,051. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $3,385,641. Value of manu- factures, $8,712,522. Stark, tn. in Vernon co., Wis. Pop., 756. Starke, p. v. in Bradford co., Fla., on the I'lorida R. R., 25 mis. S. of Baldwin. Starke, co. in Ind., N. W. part. Area, 432 sq. mis. Pop., 3,890 ; in 1860, 2,195. The surface is undulating and large sections are covered with swamps, especially along the course of the Kankakee R^^^ which intersects the co. from N. E. to S. W. and receives Yellow Cr. The CO. is crossed by three railroads : the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R. and the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R. Knox is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 12,449 bush.; rye, 4,.516 bush.; Indian-corn, 26,104 bush.; oats, 3,391 bush.; Irish pot's, 36,587 bush.; sweet pot's, 160 bush.; butter, 81,145 lbs.; hay, 7,716 tons. Cash value of farms, $777,972. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $218,548. Value of manufactures, $15,900. StarkesTille, p. o. in Lamar co., Tex. Starkey, tn. in Yates co., N. Y. Pop., 2,370. Starkey, p. v. in the above tn., on the North- ern Central R. R., 11 mis. N. of Watkins. Stark's, ,tn. in Somerset co,. Me. Pop., 1,083. Starksborongli, tn. in Addison co., V't. Pop., 1,361. Starksborongrli, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. E. of New Haven Station. Starkville, p. v. and the co. seat of Lee co., Ga., 3 mis. from Wooten. *Starkville, p. v. and the co. seat of Oktib- beha CO., Miss., 22 mis. W. of Columbus. Pop,, 475, One newspaper. Starkville, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. Y*"., 8mls. from Fort Plain. Pop., 174. Star lilme Works, p. o, in Lyon co., Ky. Star of the West, p. o. in Pike co., Aik. Star Place, p. o. in Panola co,, Miss. Star Prairie, tn. in St. Croix co., Wia. Pop., 773. Star Prairie, p. v. in St. Croix co. Wis., on Apple R., 26^ nils. N. E. of Hudson. Starr, tn. in Hocking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,55L Starr, co. in Tex,, S. part. Area, 1,050 sq. mid. Pop., 4,1.54 ; in 1860, 2,406. The co, consists of prairie lands, suited for grazing. It is bounded S. W. by the Rio Grande R., which separates it from Mexico. The northern part of the CO. is drained by Palo Blanco Cr., a tributary of Olmos Cr., which empties into Laguna Madre. Rio Grande City is the co. scat. Casli value of farms, $1,375. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,450. Starr's Point, p. v. in Benton co., Oreg., 17 mis. from Corvallis. Starrville, p. v. in Sraitli co., Tex., on the Neches R., 15 mis. W of Tyler. STARSVILLE". 851 STEELE'S. StarsTillc, v. in Newton co., Ga. Starry Creels, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Star 'Jl'aniiery, p. o. in Frederick co., Va. Starucca, p. v. in Waynoco., Pa., on the Jeffer- son Brancli of tlie Erie R. R., 10 mis. from Snsquelianna. State Bridg:e, t. in Cortland co., N. Y., on Sy- racuse, Bingbmnton & New York R. R., 9% mis. S. E. of Cortland Village. The p. o. is Messcni^erville. State Bridge, p. o. in the v. of State Road, in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Erie Canal and tlie New York & Oswego Midland R. R., i]4 mis- N. of Oneida. Stateburg-h. p. v. in Sumter district, S. C, 3 mis. from ilie station on the Camden Branch of the Wilmington, Columbia & Augusta R. R. State Centre, tn. in Marshall co., Iowa. Pop., 1,07(). ♦State Centre, p. v. in the above tn., on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwest- ern R. R., U mis. W. of Marshalltown, the CO. seat; surrounded by an agricultural and stock-raising region. Pop., 559. One news- papei'. State Liine, p. o. in Columbia co.. Ark. State l^ine, p. o. in Heai'd co., Ga. State Liine, v. in VVhittield co., Ga., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., 15 mis. N. of Dalton. The p. o. is Red Clay. •State Line, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., on the Bosiou & Albany R. R., and the State Line Branch of the Housatonic R. K., llj^ mis. S. W. of Pittsfleld, State Line, p. v. in Freeborn co., Minn., 14 mis. from Albert Lea. State Line, p. v. in Cass co., Mo., on the Osage Division ot the Missouri, Kansas & Texas H. R., 13J^ mis. W. of Ilarrisonville. State liine, v. in Krie co., Pa., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 5 mis. from North East. The p. o. is Northville. State liine, p. v. in Franklin co.. Pa., 2 mis. W. of Mason and Dixon, or State Line, Station. State Line Station, v. in Franklin co.. Pa., on the Cumberland Valley R. R.,l(; mis. S. W. of Chambersburgh. The p. o. is Mason and Dixon. State liine Mills, p. o. in McKean co.. Pa. State liine Station, p. o. in Wayne co.. Miss. Stateuville, p. v. in Echols co., Ga., on the Atlantic & Gulf R. R., 20 mis. S. of Lawton. State River, a tributary of tlie James R., in Buckingham co., Va. State Road, v. in Oneida co., N. Y. (See State Bridge, the p. o.) State Road, p. o. in Chemung co., N. Y. State Road, p. o. in Surry co., N. C. Statesboroug'Ii, p. o. in Bullock co., Ga. StatC!«ville, p. o. in Augusta co., Ala. ♦Statcsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Iredell CO., N. C, on the Western North Carolina R. R., at N. terminus of Atlantic, Tennessee & Ohio R. R., 22 mis. W. N. W. of Salisbury and 35 mis. N. of Charlotte ; center of an active trade. Pop., 044. Two newspapers. Statesville, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. Station Creek, p. o. in Covington co., Miss. Station Fil'teen, ji. o. in the v. of Philadel- phia Road, in Harrison co., Ohio, and on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 5 mis. E. of Uhricksville. Statler'sRnn, p. v. in Monongalia CO., W. Va. Staullcr, p. o. m Westmorelantl co., Pa. ^Staunton, p. v. in Macoupin co., 111., on tlie St. Louis Division of tlie Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 13)4 mis. S. S. W. of Litchfield. Staunton, p. v. in Clay co., Ind., on the Terre Haute & Indianapolis R. R., 3% mis. W. of Brazil. Pop., 589. Staunton, p. o. in Fas^ette co., Ohio. *Stauntou, p. V. and the co. seat of Augusta CO., Va., on a branch of the Shenandoah R. and on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., ISfi mis. W. N. W. of Richmond. Tlie situation is pleasant and the surroundings attractive. Location of several manufactories, and of tlie Western Lunatic Asylum and the State Insti- tution for the Deaf, Dumb and Blind, besides several excellent educational institutions. Pop., 5,120 ; in 1860, 3,875. Three newspapers. Staunton, tn. in Bedford co., Va. Pop., 3,251. Staunton, tn. in Halifax CO., Va. Pop., 3,91.5. Staunton, tn. in Pittsylvania co., Va. Pop., 3,270. Staunton Mills, p. o. in Somerset co.. Pa. Staunton River, a branch of the Roanoke R.; rises in the Alleghany Mts. of Montgomery CO., Va., fiows E. through a gap of tiie Blue Ridge, and unites near Clarksville, Meeklen- bnrgh co., with the Dan R. to form the Roan- oke R. Stavanger, p. o. in McPhail co., Minn. Stayton. p. o. in Marion co., Oreg. Steady Run, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 1.038. ^Steamboat Rock, p. v. in Hardin co., Iowa, on Central R. R. of Iowa, 4 mis. N. N. W. of Eldora, the co. seat. Has considerable trade and one newspaper. Steamburgli, p. v. in Cattaraugus co., N, Y., on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 12 mis. S. W. of Salamanca. Pop about 150. Steainburgh, p. o. in Aslitabula co., Ohio. Steamburg'li, p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa. Steam Corner, p. o. in Fountain co., Ind. Steam Corners, p. o. in Morrow co., Ohio. Steam Mill, p. o. in Decatur co., Ga. Steam Spring, p. o. in Oneida co., Idaho Ter. Steam Valley, p. o. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Stearns, co. in Minn., central part. Area, 1,296 sq. nils. Pop., 14,200; in 1860, 4,505. It is bound- ed on the E. by tlie Mississippi R., and drained by Sauk R., Cleafwater R. and other tribu- taries of the Mississippi. The surface is roll- ing, and numerous lakes are found in nearly all parts of the co. St. Cloud is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 305,114 bush.; rye, 3,262 bush.; Indian-corn, 78,627 bush.; oats, 447,193 bush.; Irish pot's, 120,865 bush.; butter, 323,085 lbs.; hay, 28,939 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,740,5t5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $789,883. Value of manufactures, $.548,165. Steam's Prairie, p. o. in Platte co., Nebr. Stebbinsville, p. o. in Oceana co., Mich. Stednian, p. o. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Steednian's, p. o. in Lexington district, S. C. Steegall's Landing, p. o. in Roane co., Tenn. Steele, tn. in Daviess co., Ind. Pop., 738. Steele, co. in Minn., S. part. Area, 432 sq. mis. Pop., 8,271 ; in 1860, 2,863. it has an uneven surface and consists largely of fertile prairies. Lakes are numerous. Straight R., a branch of the Cannon R., rises in the co. and flows through it from S. to N. The Winona & St. Peter R. R., and the Milwaukee, St. Paul & Minneapolis R. R. pass through the co. and intersect each other at Meriden, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 38.5,214 bush.; rye, 306 bush.; Indian-corn, 82,010 bush.; oats, 230,421 bush.; Irish pot's, 3(>,0'25 bush.; butter, 208,249 lbs.; hay, 19,928 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,974,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $546,701. Value of manufactures, $79,321. Steele, tn. in Wood CO., W. Va. Pop., 1,562, Steele Centre, p. o. in Steele co., Minn. Steele City, p. o. in Jefferson co., Nebr. Steele's, p. o. in the v. of Vienna, in Rush CO.. ind., on the First Division of the Cincianata STEELE'S DEPOT. 852 STETSON. & Inciianapolis Junction R. R, , S mis. E. of RnshvillP. Steele's Depot, p. o. in St. Clair co., Ala. Steele's Oi-ove, p. o. in Tylur co., Tex. Steele's 9Iills, p. v. in Uanilolph co., 111., on tlie (Jhestei- & Tamaroa It. R., l':>}4 mis. S. W. of Pinkncyville. Steele's Tavern, p. o. in Augnsta co., Va. SteeleviHe, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Steel vi lie, p. v. and the co. seat of Crawford CO., Mo., 10 mis. S. of Atlantic & Pacific R. R. and 95 inls. S. W. of St. Louis, in the midst of an iron and coal-producing region. Pop., 232. Two newspapers. Steel Works, p. o. in Dauphin co., Pa. Steen, tn. in Knox co., Ind. Pop., I,28i5. Steen's €reeU, p. o. in Rankin co., Miss. Steeu's Prairie, p. o. in Maries co.. Mo. Steep t'rcelt, p. o. in Bristol co., Mass. Steep Falls, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., on tlie Portland & Ogdensburgh R. R., 6 mis. N. W. of Standish. Steer tJreelc, p. o. in Gilmer co., "W. Va. Steirersville, p. o. in Lewis co., Mo. Stejrall's l>epot, p. o. in Bartow co., Ga. *Stcilaeoom City, p. v. and the co. seat of Piirou CO., Wash. Ter., on Pugot Sound, 30 nils, from Olympia. Pop., 314. Steinsbnr^ta. p. o. in Bucks co.. Pa. Stelapolis, p. v. in Iowa co , Iowa. (See Stel- lojioliy.) Stella, ]•>. o. in Gratiot co., Mich. Stellaville, p. o. in Jetferson co., Ga. Stellopolis, or Stelapolis, p. v. in Iowa co., Iowa, 12 nils. S. of Marengo. Stelvidio, p. o. in Dai'keco., Ohio. Steinbersville, p. o. in Carbon co.. Pa. Stemnier's Bnii, v. in Baltimore co., Md., on the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore R. R., 9 mis. K. E. of Baltimore. The p. o. is Rossville. Stent ton, p. o. in Northampton co.. Pa. Stephens, p. o. in the v. of Antioch, in Ogle- thorite' CO., Ga., on the Athens Branch of the Georgia K. R., 15 mis. N. W. of Union Point. Stepliens, new co. in Kans., S. W. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. It borders on Ind. Ter., has an undulating surface and is drained by aiQuents of the Cimarron R. Stepltens, p. o. in Lapeer co., Mich. Stephens, p. o. in Boone co.. Mo. Stepliensbor©ngh,p.o. in lUvl Riverco., Tex. Stcpliensburgli, y>. v. in Hardin co., Kv., on the Elizabeth & Paducah R. R., lOJ^ mis. ^V. S. W. of Elizabethtown. Stephensbnrgfh, p v. in Morris co., N. J., 6 mis. from Hackettstown. * Stephens' Chapel, p. o. in Bledsoe co., Tenn. Stephens' Ittills, p. v. in Steuben co., jf. Y., 6 mis. from Hornellsville. Stephenson, co. in 111., N. W. part. Area, 542 sq. mis. Pop., 30,(;08; in 18(50, 2,5,112. The sur- face is undulating anfl the soil fertile, pro- ducing much grain. Lead is found in the W. part. It is drained by the head waters of several small tributaries of the Mississippi and Rock Rs., and intersected by the Illinois Central R. R.,the Western Union R. R. and the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. Ereeport is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 529,512 bush.; rye, 135,3(52 bush.; Indian- corn, 1.015,(579 bnsh.; oats, 9(50,(520 bush.; Irish pot's, 259,942 bush.; sweet pot's, 1(58 bush.; but- ter, 757,458 lbs.; hay, 36,507 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,(578,439. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,13(5,474. Value of manufactures, $734,051. Stephenson's Depot, p. o. in the v. of Ste- phenson's, in Frederick co., Va., on the Win- chester and Potomac R. R., 18 mis. from Charlestown. Pop. about 1.50. Stcphensport, p. v. in Breckinridge co., Ky., on the Ohio R. opposite Rome, Ohio, and 11 mis. N. of Hardinsburgh. Pop., 1(50. Stephens'Pottery, p. o. in Baldwin co., Ga. Stephens' Store, p. v. in Callaway co.. Mo., 10 mis. from Mexico. Stephensville, p. o. in Wilkinson co., Ga. Stephcnsvillc, p. v. and the co. seat of Eratlj CO.. Tex., on the Bosque R., 85 mis. N. W. of Waco. Stephensville, p. v. in Outagamie co., Wis., 14 nils, from Appleton. Stephentown, tn. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Pop., 2,13.;. stephentown, p. v. in the above tn., on the Harlem Extension R. R., tji.^ mis. N. of New Lebanon. Stepney, p. v. in Fairfield co.. Conn. , 1}^ rale. N W. of Stepney Depot. Stepney Depot, p. v. in Fairfield co.. Conn., on the Housatonic R. R., 10 mis. N. N. W. of Bridgeport. Sterling, tn. in Windham co.. Conn. Pop., 1,022. Sterling, p. o. in the above tn. Sterling', tn. in Whitesides co., 111. Pop., 4,710. •Sterling, city, and co. seat of Wliitesides co., III., on the N. bank of Rock R. and on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R.; at present N. terminus of Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R.. 110 mis. W. of Chicago and 52 N. E. of Rock Island. An immense dam across the R. has been constructed, and excellent water-power is thereby furnished which is emi^loyed by various manufactories, such as mills, foundries and machine shops. Its sur- roundings are agricultural and its trade active. An important entrepot for the cere- als. Pop., 3,998; in 1860, 2,428. Two news- papers. Sterling, tn. in Crawford CO., Ind. Pop., 1,327. Sterling, p. o. in Jackson co., Iowa. Sterling, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,670. Sterling, p. o. in the v. of Sterling Centre, in the above tn., on the FItehburgh and Wor- cester Division of the Boston, Clinton & Fitch- burgh R. R., 2 mis. N. of Sterling Junction. Sterling, tn. in Macomb co., Mich. Pop., 1,549. Sterling, p. o. in Bay co., Mich. Sterling, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 6til. Sterling, p. v. in Madison co., Mont. Ter., 25 mis. from Virginia City. Sterling, p. o. in Johnson CO., Nebr. Sterling, p. o. in Morris co., N. J. Sterling, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 2,840. Sterling, p. v. in the above tn., 3]4 mis. from Fair Haven. Pop., 237. Sterling, tn. in Brown co., Ohio. Pop., 1,394. Sterling, tn. in Wayne co.. Pa. Pop., 1,4.54. Sterling, p. y. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Moscow. Sterling, tn. in Polk co.. Wis. Pop., 250. Sterling, tn. in Vernon co., Wis. Pop., 1,060. Sterling Bush, p. o. in Lewis co., N. Y. Sterling Centre, p. o. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Sterling Centre, v. in Worcester co., Mass. (Sec Sterling, the p. o.) Sterling Ilill, p. o. in Windham co.. Conn. Sterling Jnnetion, v. in Worcester CO., Mass., at junction of the Boston, Clinton & P'itchburgh R. R. with the Worcester & Nashua R. R., 12 mis. from Worcester. Sterling Run, p. v. in Cameron co.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 9 mis. S. of Em- porium. Sterling's Mills, p. o. in Robeson co., N. C. Sterling Valley, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., hl4 mis. from Fair Haven. Pop., 172. Stcrlingville, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., 4 mis. S. of Philadelphia. Sternerton, p. o. in Montgomery CO., Kans. Sterrettania, p. o. in Erie co.. Pa. Sterrett's Oap, p. o. in Perrv co., Pa. Stetson, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 937. STETSON. 853. STEWARDSON. Stetson, p. V. in Penobscot co., Me., 5 mis. from Etna. Stettin, tn. in Marathon co., Wis. Pop., 712. Stettin, p. o. in the above tn. Stetton, p. o. in Middlesex cOy N. J. Steuben, tn. in Marshall CO., 111. Pop., 1,478. Steuben, co. in lud., N. E. part. Area, 314 sq. mis. Pop., 12,854: in 1S60, 10,374. The surface is undulating and consists of timber lands, prairies and oak openings. The soil is pro- ductive. Pigeon Kun, a tributary of the St. Joseph R., is the principal stream. The Fort ^Vayne, Jackson & Saginaw K. R. passes through the co. Angola is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 232,816 Ijush.; rye, '2,047 l3ush.; Indian-corn, 352,200 bush.; oats, 97,719 bush.; Irish pot's, 89,940 bush.; butter, 289,472 lbs.; hay, 16,861 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,940,275. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,245,946. V'alue of manufactures, $352,768. Steuben, tn. in Steuben co., Ind. Pop., 1,253. Steuben, tn. in Warren co., Ind. Pop., 1,068. Steuben, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 1.062. Steuben, p. v. in tlie above tn., 2Si^ mis. from Ellswortli. Steuben, co. in N. Y., S. W. part. Area about 1,500 sq. mis. Pop., 67,717 ; in 1860, 66,690. The surface is elevated and broken, and gradually slopes down from the S. to the N. The Tioga 11. Intersects the S. E. corner of the co. and drains it with the Couhocton and Canisteo Rs. The north-eastern corner is occupied by Crooked L. The soil is productive and well adapted to grazing and stock raising. The main line and tlie Rocliester Branch of tlie Erie R. R. pass through the co. Bath is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 540,557 busli.; rye 72,792 busli.; Indian-corn, 344,299 bush.; oats, 1,538,117 bush.; Irish pot's, 543,677 bush.; sweet pot's, 10 bush.; wool, 700,- 704 lbs.; cheese, 233,438 lbs.; butter, 2,834,636 lbs.; hay, 169,294 tons. Cash value of farms, $26,- 678,047. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions.includingadtlitions to stock, etc., $6,284,820. Principal products of industry : Flour and meal. $785,489 ; tanned leather, $950,- 879 ; sawed lumber, $873,513. Total value of manufactures, $.5,309,983. Steuben, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 1,261. Steuben, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. of Ilollanil Patent. Steuben, p. v. in Huron CO., Ohio, 6 mis. from Centre ton. Steuben, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,020. Steubenville, p. o. in AYayne co., Ky. Steubeuville, tn. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Pop., 2,100. ♦Steubenville, city and co. seat of Jeflferson CO., Ohio, on the W. bank of the Ohio R., 77 mis. below Pittsburgh, Pa. It lies on an elevated plain surrounded by a beautiful agricultural country, with occasional coal-bearing forma- tions. Tlie eity is the seat of several line edu- cational institutions, among which are an academy and a female seminary. Tlie com- merce of the city by river is important, as well as that by railroad ; it being situated at the intersection of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. II. with the River Division of the Pittsbui-gh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R, Its manufacturing interests are large and varied. Pop., 8,lu7 ; in 1860, 6,1.54 ; in 1850, 6,140. Five newspapers are publiished here, of which the " Herald" and " News\ are dailies. Stcudal, p. o. in Pike co., Ind. Steven^i, new co. in Dak. Ter., N. part ; is bountied on the S. by the Missouri R., and in- tersected in the N. E. by the Souris or Mouse R. The Plateau du Coteau du Missouri occu- pies the greater portion of the co. Stevens, co. in Minn., W. part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 174. It has a rolling surface and is studded with numerous lakes. The Potnmo dft Terre R. intersects the co. from N. to 8., and the main line of the St. Paul & Pacific R. R. from S. E. to N. W. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,064 bush.; Indian-corn, 235bush.; oats, 3,234 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,613 bush.; but- ter, 8,280 lbs.; hay, 877 tons. Cash value of farms, $37,300. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $15,811. Stevens, p. v. m Lancaster co., Pa., on the Reading & Columbia R. R., 3 mis. N. E. of Ephrata. Stevens, co. in Texas, N. part. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 330. The surface is rolling and has a general slope from S. to N. The Clear Fork of the Brazos R. intersects the northern part of the co., and receives Duck Cr., Sandy Cr., and other small affluents. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 600 bush.; oats, 30 bush. Cash value of farms, $2,850. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $43,570. Stevens, co. in Wash. Ten, forming the N. E. part of the territory. Pop., 734. This large CO. is bounded on the W. by the Cascade Mts., on the N. by British America, and on the E. by Idaho Ter. It is intersected by the Colum- bia R. and its tributaries, Clark Fork, orPend. d'Oreille R., Spokane R., Oliinakane R., Mel- how R., Pisquoise R. and Upper Yakima R. Lake Chelan, a large sheet of water, lies at the base of the Cascade Mts. The surface of the CO. is broken and diversified by mountain chains, except S. of the Columbia, where it consists of vast plains. Fort Colville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 8,791 bush.; oats, 12,504 bush.; Indian-corn, 205 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,825 bush.; butter, 2,710 lbs.; hay, 791 tons. Cash value of farms, $33,181. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $45,- 708. Value of manufactures, $30,854. Stevensburgb, tn. in Culpepper co., Va. Pop., 2,000. Stevensburgh, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Culpepper. Pop., 1,50. Stevens'Creels, p. o. in White co., Ark. Stevens'Creelt, p. o. in Grayson co., Va. ^Stevenson, p. v. in Jackson co., Ala., on the Memphis & Charleston R. R., at crossing of the Nashville & Chattanooga R. R., 33 mis. S. W. of Chattanooga, Tenn. P*p., inclusive of tn., 1,348. One newspaper. Stevenson's Mills, p. v. in Wayne co.. Pa., 13J^ mis. from Honesdale. Stevenson Station, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Stevens' Plains, p. o. in the v. of West Brook, in Cumberland co.. Me., on the Main Central & Portland & Ogdensburgh R. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Portland. Stevens, Point, tn. in Portage eo.. Wis. Pop., 1,895. *Stevcns, Point, p. v. in the above co. and the CO. seat, on the Wisconsin R. and the Wis- consin Central R. R., Iu9 mis. W. N. W. of Manitowoc. The surroundings are pine pro- ducing, and it is the center of an active traele in lumber. Pop., 1,810. Two newspapers. Stevenstown, p. o. in Crawford co., Kans. Stevenstown, p. v. in La Crosse eo.. Wis., 15 mis. X. of Onalaska. Stevensville, p. o. in Missoula co., Mont. Ter. Stevensville, p. v. in Sullivan co., K. Y., 10 nils. N. W. of Monticello and 19i^ mis. E. of Callicoon Depot. Stevensville, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., 9 mis. from Wyalusing. Stevensville, tn. in King and Queen co., Va. Pop., 4,077. Stevensville, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. N. of West Point. Steward's Mill, p. o. in Freestone co., Tex. Steivardson,tn. in Potter co., Pa. Pop., 210, STEWART. 854 STOCKDALE. Stewart, ca. in Ga., S. W. part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 14,204; in 1860, 13,422. The Chatta- iioocliee R. forms the western bounclaiy and separates the co. from Ala. It is drained by the Hannahatchie, Hedghodee and Pataula Crs. The surface is level and the soil moder- ately productive. Lumpkin is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 6,051 bush.; rye, 162 bush.; Indian-corn, 271,288 bush.; oats, 4,7(50 bush.; Irish pot's, 486 bush.; sweet pot's, 26,103 bush.; cotton, 13,643 bales; butter, 44,343 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,745,412. Total, es- timated,value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,575,996. Value of manufactures, $252,260. Stewart, p. o. in Pike co., 111. Stewart, p. o. in Pemiscot co.. Mo. Stewart, tn. in Fayette co., Pa. Pop., 1,266. Stewart, co. in Tenn., N. N. W. part. Area, 6.50 sq. mis. Pop., 12,019 ; in 1860, 9,896. It is bounded on the >f. by Ky. and on the W. by the Tennessee 11. The Cumberland R. inter- sects the CO. and drains the larger part of it. The surface is undulating and the soil mostly productive. Iron ore is abundantly found. The Memphis & Louisville 11. K. passes through the southern part. Dover is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 31,380 bush.; rye,436bush.; Indian-corn, 428,311 bush.; oats, 26,623 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,635 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,746 bush.; cotton, 1,809 bales; tobacco, 1,191,620 lbs.; butter, 81,491 lbs.; hay, 816 tons. Cash value of farms, $803,838. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $637,559. Value of manufactures, $425,313. Stewart, p. o. in Stewart co., Tenn. Stewart, p. v. in Green co., Wis., 13 mis. from Monroe. Stewarton, p. o. in Fayette co.. Pa. Stewart's Run, p. v. in Venango co., Pa., 5 mis. from Tionesta. Stewart's Station, p. o. in Hale co., Ala. Stewartstown, tn. in Coos Co., N. H. Pop., 909. Stewartstown, p. o. in the above tn. Stewartstown, p. v. in York co , Pa., 7J^ mis. E. of Shrewsburj^. Pop., 212. Stewartstown, p. o. in Monongalia co., W. Va. Stewartsvllle, p. v. in Posey co., Ind., 7 mis. X. E. of New Harmony and 15 mis. W. of Haubstadt. Pop., 135. Stewartsville, p. o. in Grant co., Ky. *Stewartsville, p. v. in De Kalb Co., Mo., on the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. 11., 13 mis. W. of Caniei'on. Stewartsville, p. v. in Wan-en co., N. J., on the Morris Canal and the Morris & Essex R. R., 5 mis. E. of Phillipsburgh. Stewartsville, p. v. in Westmoreland co., Pa., ly, mie. from Larimer's Station. Stewartville, p. v. in Olmstead co., Minn., 18 mis. from Rochester. Stice's Shoal, p. v. in Cleveland co., K. C, 16i^ mis. from Clierryville. Sticklerville, p. v. in Sullivan co., Mo., 22 mis. W. of Kirksville. Stiokley ville, p. o. in Lee co., Va. Stiflesville, p. v. in Crawford co.. 111., on the North Fork of Embarras R., 12 mis. W. of Robinson. Stiles, p. v. in Davis co., Iowa, 10 mis. S. E. of Kloonitiehl. Stiles, tn. in Oconto co.. Wis. Pop., 373. Stiles, p. V. in the above tn., on the Oconto R., 15 mis. N. \?. of Pensaukee. Stilesborougb, p. o. in IJartOW co., Ga. Stiles ville, p. v. in Hendricks co., Ind., 4 mis. S. of Amo. Pop., 205. Still Pond, p. V. in Kent CO., Md., 25 mis. S. W. of Middletown, Del. Still River, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Worcester & Nashua R. R.,4 mis. N. E. of Lancaster. Still Valley, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., 3 mis. N. of Springtown. Stillwater, p. o. in Shasta CO., Cal. Stillwater, p. o. in Mitchell CO., Iowa. Stillwater, tn. in Washington co., Minn. Pop., 4,506. ^Stillwater, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, ou the W. bank of St. Croix R., at head of Lake St. Croix, at E. terminus of Stillwater Branch of Lake Superior & Missis- sippi Division of Nortlieru Pacific R. R., and at N. terminus of Stillwater Branch of North Wisconsin Division of West Wisconsin R. R., 18 mis. N. E. of St. Paul. The State Prison la located here. It is the center of the lumber trade of the St. Croix Valley, the river being navigable to this point for large boats. Ita surroundings are agricultural and lumber- producing. Founded in 1843. Pop., 4,124 ; in 1860, 2,380. Two newspapers. Stillwater, v. in Churchill co., Nev., on the right bank of the Carson Slough. Stillwater, tn. in Sussex CO., N. J. Pop., 1,632. Stillw ater, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. W. of Newton. Stillwater, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop., 3,401. '^Stillwater, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hud- son R., 3 mis. from MechanicsviUe. Pop., 737. Stillwater, p. o. in Columbia co.. Pa. Stilwell, p. V. in Hancock co.. 111., on Car- thage Branch of Chicago, Burlington & Quin- cy R. R., 15 mis. S. of Carthage. Stiuesville, p. v. in Monroe co., Ind., on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R., 3% mis. S. of Gosport and 13 mis. N. N. W. of Bloomington. Stinesville, p. o. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Stinson, p. o. in Outagamie co., Wis. Slip's Hill, p. o. in Franklin co., Ind. Stirling, p. o in Montgomery co., Ga. Stirrup Orove, p. o. in Macoupin co., HI. Stissing^, p. V. in Dutchess co., N. Y., at the crossing of the Poughkeepsie & Eastern R. R. with the New York, Boston & Montreal R. R., 40 mis. N. of New York. Stittville, p. V. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Ulica & Black River B. R., 10 mis. N. of Utica. Pop., 243. Stock, tn. in Noble co., Ohio. Pop., 1,650. Stock, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., 771. Stockade, p. o. in Bent co., Colo. Ter. Stockbridge, p. o. in Henry co., Ga. Stockbridji^e, tn, Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 2,003. Stockbridge, p. v. in the above tn., on the Housatonic R. and the Housatonic R. R., 93 mis. N. of Bridgeport, Conn. It has exten- sive woollen and other manufactories, and is situated in a region famous for picturesque scenery. The v. boasts of several beautiful and costly villas, owned by wealthy citizens of New York and Boston. Lake Mahkeenac. nearly 4 mis. N. of it, is a beautiful sheet of water surrounded by hills. Stockbridgre, tn. in Ingham CO., Mich. Pop., Stoekbrid^e, p. v. in the above tn,, 18 mis. from Dexter. Stockbrldge, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Pop., 1,847. Stockbrldge, p. v. in the above tn., 1}4 mle. W. of the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 1 mle. N. of Munsville. Pop., 241. Stockbridge, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 1 ,269. Stockbridge, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mla. from Bethel. Stockbrldi^e, tn. in Calumet co., Wis. Pop., 1,978. , , *Stockbridge, p. v. in the above tn., on Lake Wninebago, 21 mis. N. W. of St. Cloud. Stockdale, p. v. in Miami co., Ind., 12 mla. from \Vabash. Stockdale, p. o, in Riley co., Kans. STOCKDALE. 855 STONE. Stockdale, p. o. in Guadalupe co., Tex. Stockertown, p. v. in Northamptoa co., Fa., 6 mis. from Easton. Stockbolm, tn. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., 534. Stockholm, p. v. in Sussex co., N. J., 6 mis. E. of Franklin Furnace. Stockkolin, tn. in St, Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., 3,!SW. Stockholm, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. S. W. of Stockholm Depot. Stockholm, tn. in Pepin co., Wis. Pop., 499. Stockholm, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississippi E., nearly opposite Lake City, Minn. Stockholm Centre, p. v. in St. Lawrence CO., N. Y. Stockholm Depot, p. v. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y., on the St. Regis K. and the Ogdens- burgh & Lake Champlain R. K., 10^ mis. E. of Potsdam Junction. Stocklaiid, tn. in Iroquois co.. III. Pop., 687. StocUlaiKl, p. o. in Montgomery co.. Mo. Stockport, tn. in Columbia co"., N. Y. Pop., 1,43S. Stockport, p. V. in the above tn., 2 mis; E. of station on the Hudson River R. R. and 5J^ mis. N. of Hudson. Stockport, p. V. in Morgan co., Ohio, on the Muskingum R.,11 mis. S. of McConnellsville. Pop., 289. Stockport Station, p. v. in Delaware co., N. Y., on the Delaware R. and the Erie R. R., A}4 mis. S. of Hancock. Stocksville, p. o. in Buncombe co., N. C. Stockton, p. o. in Baldwin co., Ala. *Stockton, city, and co. seat of San Joaquin CO., Cal., on Stockton Slough, 3 mis. E. of San Joaquin R., which is navigable to this point during a great part of the year, and on the Central Pacific R. R., 91 mis. E. of San Fran- cisco, at S. W. terminus of Stockton & Cop- peropolis R. R. The site of the citj^ is level and It is handsomely and compactly built. It is lighted with gas and supplied with water from artesian wells. It is the center of trade for the celebrated wheat-growing region of the San Joaquin Vallej^, and its annual ship- ments of this article to San Francisco exceed 1,000,000 bushels. Its manufacturing interests arc large and varied, embracing foundries, wagon factories, manufactories of agricul- tural implements, planing and flouring mills, etc. Center of supplies for the southern min- ing regions and point of departure for tour- ists to the Y'oseraite Valley and other places of interest amid the Sierras. Pop., 10,0(50 ; in 1860, 3,679. Seven newspapers, of which the " Herald " and "Independent " are dailies. Stockton, p. V. in Clinch co., Ga., on the At- lantic & Gulf R. R., 8 mis. from Lawton. Pop. about 300. Stockton, tn. in Jo Daviess co.. 111. Pop., 1,'Jll. Stockton, p. o. in the above tn. Stockton, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., 1,240. Stockton, p. o. in Owen co., Ind. Stockton, p. V. in Muscatine co., Iowa, on the . Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 17 mis. W. of Davenport. Stockton, p. o. in Rooks co., Kans. Stockton, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 2,089. *Stocktou, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Belfast. Stockton, p. o. in Worcester co.. Md. Stockton, p. V. in Winona CO., Minn., on the Winona & St. Peter R. R., 11 mis. from Win- ona. Pop. about loO. *Stockton, p. V. and the co. seat of Cedar co.. Mo., 59 mis. X. \V". of Springfield. Engaged in produce trade. Two newspapers. Stockton, p. o. in Franklin co., Nebr. Stockton, tn. in Camden co., N. J. Pop., 2,381. Stockton, p. V. in Hunterdon co., N. J., on the Delaware R. and the Belvidere Division of the Pennsylvania R. R., 4 mis. N. N. W. of LambertvlUe. Pop. about 800. Stockton, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 1,639. -11 1-1 Stockton, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis. S. W. of Cassadaga. Pop., 245. Stockton, p. V. in Luzerne co., Pa., on the Hazelton Division of the Lehigh Valley R. R., 14 mis. VV. of Penn Haven. Stockton, p. o. in Loudon co., Tenn. Stockton, p. o. in Tooele co., Utah Ter. Stockton, tn. in Portage co.. Wis. Pop., 1,023. Stockton, p. o. in the above tn. Stockville, p. o. and the co. seat of Frontier CO., Nebr. *Stockwell, p. V. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R, R., 12 mis. S. E. of La Favette. Pop., 403. Stoddard, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Pop., 8,535 ; in 1860, 7,877. It lies in the region of the " Great Swamp ;" has a level and low surface, inter- spersed with lagoons and marshes, and is drained by the St. Francis R., forming the W. boundary and the Little R. forming the eastern. Bloomfleld is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 34,501 bush.; rye, 85 bush.; Indian-corn, 384,051 bush.; oats, 17,259 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,345 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,363 bush.; tobacco, 118,534 lbs.; butter, 37,688 lbs.; hay, 2S2 tons. Cash value of farms, $916,- 070. Total, estiniated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $506,127. Value of manufactures, $78,600. Stoddard, tn. in Cheshire CO., N. H. Pop., 667. Stoddard, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. VV. of Hillsborough Bridge. Stoddard, p. o. in Vernon CO., Wis. StoddartsTille, p. v. in Luzerne co., Pa., 12 mis. from White Haven. Stoker, p. o. in the v. of Wood's Crossing, ia Davis CO.. Utah Ter., on the Utah Central R. R., 9 mis. N. of Salt Lake City. Stokes, tn. in Union co.. III. Fop., 1,573. Stokes, p. V. in Oneida co., N. Y., 6 mis. from Rome. Stokes, CO. in N. C, N. part. Area, 487 sq. mis. Pop., 11,208 ; in 1860, 10,402. It borders on Va., and is intersected and drained by Dan R. The surface is rolling and in the western part hilly ; the soil is productive. Danbury 15 the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 33,450 bush.; rye, 11,948 bush.; Indian, corn, 171,214 bush.; oats, 30,353 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,246 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,953 bush.; tobacco, 844,145 lbs.; butter, 46,325 lbs.; hay, 177 tons. Cash value of farms, $613,079. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $470,116. Value ot manufactures, $79,503. Stokes, tn. In Logan co., Ohio. Pop., 673. Stokes, tn. in Madison co., Ohio. Pop., 986. Stokes' Bridge, p. o. in Darlington district, Stokesbnrgh, v. in Stokes co., N. C, 26 mis. N. W. of Greensborough. Stokes Slound, p, o. in Carroll co.. Mo. Stokesdale, v. in Tioga co.. Fa., on the Wells- borough & Lawrenceville R. R., 3 mis. S. of Niles Valley and 3 mis. N. of Wellsborough. Stone, new co. in Ark., N. central part. Area, 580 sq. mis. It was formed of portions of Izard, Van Buren and Independence cos.; bor- ders in the N. E. on the White R., and is drained by numerous small affluents of this stream. The surface is rolling and hilly and .generally well timbered. Stone, new co. in Dak., E. part. Has a rolling surface and lies on the Plateau dn Coteau des Prairies. It includes a large number of small lakes, which are drained into the Red R. of the North. Stone, CO. in Mo., S. W. part. Pop., 3,253; in 1860, 2,400. It has a broken and hilly surface ; is naostly covered by pine forests. The valleys and most of the uplands are productive. Lead STONE AEABIA. 856 STONY POINT. andii'Oii exist in the co. White R. intersects the southern portion, and. is joined by the James Fork. Galena is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wlieat, 13,0J2hush.; rye, 85 husli.; Indian-corn, 121,7;:i5 bush.; oats, 14,340 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,932 bush.; sweet pbt's, 1,69-2 bush.; butter, 27,817 lbs.; hay, 93 tons. Cash value of farms, $205,407. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $135,335. Value of manu- factures, $40,506. Stone Arabia, p. o. in Montgomery co., N. Y. Stone Itank, p. v. in Waukcsba CO., Wis., 4 nils, from Oconomowoc. Stone Blufl'!«, p. o. in Fountain co., Ind. Stoneborougrb, p. borough in Mercer co. Pa., on the Jamestown & Franklin Branch of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 22 mis. from Jamestown and 20 mis. from Frank- lin. Pop., 471. Stone Bridge, p. o. in Franklin CO., Pa. Stone €hurcl», p. o. Genesee co., N. Y. Stone I'hnreh, p. v. in Northampton co., Pa., 3 mis. S. of Mt. liethel. Stone Corral, p. o. in Rice CO., Kans. Stone Creek, p. v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, 11 nils, from New Philadelphia. Stonefort, tn. in Salem co.. 111. Pop., 798. Stone Fort, p. v. in Saline co.. 111., on the Carlo & Vincennes R. R., 13 mis. S. W. of Har- risburgli. Stoneliam, tu. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 425. Stonebaui, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 4,513. *Stonctaani, p. v. in the above tn., on the Stonebam Branch of the Boston, Lowell & Kashua R. R., 12 mis. N. of Boston. Has large manufactories of boots and shoes. Two newspapers. Stoneltani, p. o. in Warren eo., Pa. Stone House, p. o. in Morgan co.. Mo. Stoneliouse, tn. in James City co., Va. Pop., 828. Stone Iiick, tn. In Clermont co., Ohio. Pop., 1,880. Stone I..iek, p. o. in Clermont CO., Ohio. Stone Mills, p. v. in Jefferson co., N. Y., 8}^ mis. from Brownville. Stone Mound, p. o. in Smith co., Kans. Stone Mountain, an isolated peak in De Kalb CO., Ga.; rises 2,200 feet above the sea. It is a huge mass of granite, without trees or shrubs; and standing in the midst of a fertile plain affords magniticent views over the sur- rounding country. It is much resorted to by tourists. Stone Mountain, p. v. in De Kalb co., Ga., on the Georgia R. R., 15 mis. E. of Atlanta. It lies near the base of Stone Mt. (see preceding article) and h.as several good hotels. Pop., 690. Stone Mountain, p. o. in McDowell co., N. C. Stone Mountain, p. o. in Carroll co., Va. Stoner, p. v. in Clark co., Ky., 8 mis. from Winchester. Stone Ridge, p. v. in Ulster CO., N. Y., 10 mis. from Kingston. Stoner's Prairie, p. o. in Dane CO., Wis. Stonersville, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Stonersville, p. v. in Berks co., Pa., 7 mis. from Reading. Stone Kiver, a tributary of the Cumberland R. in Tcnn.; is formed by the conliueuce of tlie Fast Fork and West Fork. Stone's Port, v. in Boone co., Mo., on the Missouri R., 10 mis. N. W. of Jefferson City. The nearest p. o. is Claysville. Stone-s Prairie, p. v. in Adams co.. 111., 18 mis. from Quincy. Stoneville, p. o. in Marquette co., Mich. Stonevillc, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. C. Stonc^vall, p. o. in Cherokee co., Ala. Stonewall, p. o. in Scott co., Ky. Stonewall, p. o, in Harrison co.. Miss. Stonewall, tn. in Appomattox co., Va. Pop., 2,559. Stonewall, tn. in Franklin co., Va Pop.. 3,388. Stonewall, tn. in Highland co., Va. Pop., 1,632. Stonewall, tn. in Rappahannock CO., Va. Pop., 1,763. Stonewall, tn. in Richmond co., Va Pop., 1,397. Stonewall, tn. in Rockingham co., Va. Pop , 2,212. Stonewall, tn. in Shenandoah co., Va. Pop., 2,410. Stoney Creek, tn. in Colusa co., Cal. Poi)., 686. Stoney Creek, tn. in Henry co., Ind. Poi.,, 934. Stoney Creek, tn in Madison co., Ind. Pop., 1,082. Stoney Creek, tn. in Randolph co., Ind. Pop.. 1,212. Stoney Creek, tn. in Sussex co., Va. Pop., 1,510. Stoney Hill, p. o. in Gasconade co.. Mo. Stoney Point, p. o. in Bourbon co., Ky. Stoning'ton, tn. in New London co.. Conn. Pop.; 6,313. ^Stonington, p. v. in the above tn. and port of entry, on Long Island Sound and on Ston- ington & Providence R. R., 12 mis. E. of New London. Its site is a peninsula about half a mile long from N. to S. It has a capacious and well protected harbor and is the seat of an active coastwise trade. Connected by steam- ers with New York City. Has important manufactories and is growing in favor as a summer resort. One newspaper. Pop. of v. proper, 1,561. Stoniugton, tn. in Christian co.. 111. Pop., 738. Stonington, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Louis Division of the Toledo. Wabash & Western R. R., 19 mis. S. AV. of Decatur, fop. about 150. Stono, p. V. in St. Francois CO., JMo., 6^^ mis. S. W. ot De Lassus. Stony Bluir, p. o. in Jefferson co., Tenn. Stony Brook, v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Fitchburgh R. R., 12 mis. from Boston. Stony Brook, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on Long Islanil Sound, 50 mis. N. W'. ot NewYork. Has a good harbor. Stony Creek, p. v. in New Haven co.. Conn., on Stony Creek B. of Long Island Sound and on Shore Line R. R., 11 mis. E. of New Haven. In the bay are numerous small rockj' islands, on which small country houses have been erected by persons spending the summer here. Stony Creek, p. v. in Washtenaw co., Mich., 6J-^ mis. from \psilanti. Stony Creek, tn. in Warren co., N. Y. Pop., 1,127. Stony Creek, tn. in Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., l,.52tt. Stony Creek, p. v. in the above tn., 3]4 ki1s» E. of Berlin. Stony Creek, p. o. in Carter co., Tenn. Stony Creek Warehouse, p. o. in the v. of Stonj' Creek, in Sussex co., Va.,on the Peters- burgh & Weldon R. R., 22 mis. S. of Peters- burgh. Stony Cross, p. o. in Mecklenburgh co., Va. Stony Fork, p. o. in Watauga co., N. C. Stony Fork, p. v. in Tioga co.. Pa., 6 mis. S. S. W. of Wellsborough. Stony Man, p. o. in Page CO., Va. Stony Point, p. v. in Sonoma CO., Cal., 714 mis. from Petaluma. Stony Point, p. o. in Jefferson county, Ind. Stony Point, p. o. in East Baton Rouge par- isli, La. Stony Point, p. o. in Jackson co., Mich. Stony Point, p. o. in .Jackson co., Mo. Stony Point, p. o. in Rockland co., N. Y. Stony Point, tn. in Rockland co., N. Y. Pop., 3,205. STONY POINT. 857 STEASBURGH. Stony Point, p. o. in Alexander co., N. C. Stony Point, p. o. in Crawford co., Pa. Stony Point, p. o. in Anderson district, S. C. Stony Point, p. v. in Hawkins CO., Tenn., 10 nils, from liogersville. Stony Point, p. o. in Albermarle co., Va. Stony Point Mills, p. o. in Cumberland CO., Va. Stony Ridg:e, p. o. in Wood co., Ohio. Stony Knn, p. o. in Oakland co., Mich. Stony Run, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. StorcTille, p. o. In Anderson district, S. C. Storey, co. in Nevada, W. part. Pop., 11,359. The surface is a high plateau, intersected from N. to S. by several ranges of hills and mountains, as the Virginia Range and others. The western part is occupied by .spurs and extensions of the Sierra Nevada. This co. prodiijes more gold and silver bullion than any otiier in the state, and includes the fa- mous Comstock lode ; but it is without agri- cultural and milling advantages. The prin- cipal supply of water comes from tunnels, dug into the side of the mountain on which the Comstock lode is situated. A project is on foot to obtain pure water from a srhall lake, situated about 10 nils. W. of Virginia City, in the Sierra Nevada. Virginia City is the CO. seat. Value of manufactui-es, $4,928,- 170. Storm L.ake, tn. in Buena Vista co., Iowa, Pop., 256. *Storm liake, p. v. in the above tn., on Storm Lake, a sheet of water containing about 11 sq. mis., and on Iowa Division of Illinois Cen- tral K. K., 81 mis. E. by N. of Sioux City. One newspaper. Stormville, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., 114 vale. S. K. of Adriance. Stormville, p. o. in Monroe co., Pa. Story, CO. in Iowa, central part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., Il,tj51 ; in 1860, 4,015. The sur- face is undulating ; the soil very productive. It is watered by South Skunk K. and Mont- gomery Cr. The Chicago & Northwestern 11. K. runs through the center of the co. from B. to W. Nevada is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: AVheat, 131,022 bush.; rye, 219 bush.; Indian-corn, .390,395 bush.; oats, 97,938 bush.; Irish pot's, 25,034 bush.; sweet pot's, 32 bush.; wool, 8,918 lbs.; butter, 132,249 lbs.; hay, 13,730 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,908,- 980. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $453,407. V'alue of manufactures, $186,450. Story City, p. v. in Story co., Iowa, 13 mis. N. of Ames. Stottville, p. V. in Columbia co., N. Y., 4 mis. from Hudson. Stouebsburgb, p. v. in Berks co., Pa., on the Union Canal, 2 mis. from Sheridan. Pop., 397. Stoug'htstown, p. V. In Cumberland CO., Pa., 4 mis. S. of Newville. Stougbton, tn. in Norfolk cc, Mass. Pop., 4,914. *Stougbton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Old Colony K. R. and at S. terminus of Stoughton Branch of the Boston & Providence R. R., 18 mis. S. of Boston. Has extensive manufacto- ries of boots and shoes, thread and cotton and woollen fabrics. One newspaper. ^Stongbton, p. v. in Dane co.. Wis., on tlie Prairie du Chien Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 15 mis. S. E. of Madison. Pop. 98.5. One newspaper. Stoutland, p. o. In Camden co.. Mo. Stont's, p. o. in Pope co.. 111. Stout's, p. o. in the v. of Rome, in Adams co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., 25 nils. S. W. of Ports- mouth and 12 mis. S. E. of West Union. Pop. of v., 471. Stout's, p. o. in Northampton co., Pa. Stout's Mills, p. o. in Gilmer co., W. Va. Stoutsvillc, p. o. in Monroe cb., Mo. Stouts ville, p. V. in Fairfield co., Ohio, ou the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R., 141^ mis. S. AV. of Lancaster. Pop., 160. Stover, p. o. in Dallas co.. Ark. Stow, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 427. Stow, p. V. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. of Frye- burgh. Stow, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., I.SIS. Stow, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis. from South Acton. Stow, tn. in Summit co., Ohio. Pop., 925. Stow Creeb, tn. in Cumberland co., N. J. Pop., 1,122. Stowe, tn. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Pop., 739. Stowe, tn. in Lamoille co., Vt. Pop., 2,049. *Stowe, p. V. in the above tn., 10 nils. N. N. E. of Waterbury on the Vermont Central R. R. It lies on Waterbury R. amid a rich farming district, and amid charming mountain scen- ery. Has some manufactories. One newspa- per. Stowell's Corners, p. o. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Stoyestown, p. borough in Somerset co.. Pa., 18 mis. from Johnstown. Pop., 288. Strabane, p. v. in Lenoir co., N. C, on the JSTeuse K., 14 mis. W. S. W. of Kingston. Strabane, tn. in Adams co.. Pa. Pop., 1,547. Strabane, p. o. in Washington co.. Pa. Strafford, p. o. in Green co., Mo. Strafford, co. in N. H., S. E. pait. Area about 075 sq. mis. Pop., 30,243; in 1860, 31,493. It is bounded on the E. by the Salmon R., which separates it from Me., and drained by the affluents of this stream. The surface is un- even and the soil of the valleys productive. The CO. is intersected by the Boston & Maine R. R., the Dover & Winnepiseogee R. R. and. the Great Falls & Oonwaj' R. R. Dover is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 5,122 bush.; rye, 1,268 bush.; Indian-corn, 59,- 761 bush.; oats, 13,938 bush.; Irish pot's, 248,681 bush.; butter, 302,149 lbs.; hay, 28,903 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,127,390. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,146,464. Prin- cipal products of industry : Cotton goods, $3,682,181 ; woollen ^oods, $2,242,594; boots and shoes, $2,691,118, and printing of cloths, $2,173,- 410. Total value of manufactures, $13,709,511. StrafTord, tn. in the above co. Po))., 1.669. Strafford, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. W. of Rochester. Strafford, tn. in Orange co., Vt. Pop., 1,291. Strafford, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. \V. of Pompanoosuc. Strafford Blue Hills, p. v. in Strafford co., N. H., 6 mis. from Farmington. Strafford Corner, p. o. in Stratford CO., N. H. Straight Fork, p. o. in Scott co., Ky. Straig'bt Fork, p. o. in Scott co., Tenn. Straigbtstone, p. o. in Pittsylvania CO., Va. Strait Creek, p. o. in Highland co., Va. Strait's Corners, p. o. in Tioga co., N. Y. Strait's l.ake, p. o. in Oakland co., Mich. Stranger, tn. in Leavenworth co., Kaus. Pop., 1,323. Stranger, p. o. in the above tn. Stranger's Home, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ark. Strasbnrgb, p. o. in Cass co., Mo. Strasburgb, p. o. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Strasbnrgb, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 1,864. Strasbnrgb, p. borough in the above tn., at S. terminus of Strasburgh Branch of Penn- svlvania R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of Lancaster ; has active local trade, considerable manufactur- ing interests, and rich agricultural surround- ings. Pop., 1,008. One newspaper. Strasbnrgb, p. v. in Shenandoah co., Va., on North Branch of the Shenandoah R., the Manassas Branch of the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas II. R., and the Winchester & Stras- burgh R. R., 88 mis. W. of Alexandria. Pop., 580. STRATA. 858 STURGIS. strata, p. o. in Montgomei-y CO., Ala. Stratford, tn. in Fairfleld co., Conn. Pop., 3,032. ♦Stratford, p. v. in the above tn., at the mouth of the Housatonic 11., on Long. Island Sound and on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. and Nangatuck R. R., 60 mis. E. of New York. Stratford, tn. in Coos co., N. H. Pop., 886. Stratford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Con- necticut R. and the Grand Trunk R. R., 31 luls. N. W of Gorham. Stratford, tn. in Fulton co., N. Y. Pop., 1,163. Stratford, p. o. in the v. of NicholsviUe, in the above tn., on Canada Cr., 16 mis. N. E. of Little Eall.s. Stratford, v. in Delaware co., Ohio, near the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indiana- polis R. R. Strattaam, tn. in Rockingham co., N. H. Pop., 769. Stratham, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. E. of South New Market. Strattoii, tn. in Edgar co.. 111. Pop., 1,621. Strattoii, p. o. in Tompkins co., N. Y. Stratton, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 294. Strattoii, p. o. in the above tn. Strattou'M Falls, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. Strattonville, p. liorough in Clarion co.. Pa., 25 nils. N. E. of PhUlipsburgh Station, and 3}4 mis. E. of Clarion. Pop., 356. Straughn's Station, p. v. in Henry CO., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., ii]4 mis. VV. of Cambridge City. Strausstown, p. v. in Berks co., Pa., 12^ mis. \V. of Hamburgh. Straw, V. in Warren co., N. J., 5 mis. S. E. of PhUlipsburgh. Strawberry, tn. In Lawrence co.. Ark. Pop., 1,U4. Strawberry, p. o. in Lawrence co.. Ark. Strawberry, p. o. in Washington co., Kans. Strawberry Plains, p. v. in Jell'erson co., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. li., 25 mis. S. \V. of Morristown. ♦Strawberry Point, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, on the Davenport & St. Paul R. R., 16 mis. N. W. of I \nchester. Strawberry \ . ..ley, p. v. in Yuha co., Cal., 25 mis. from Oroville and 46 mis. N. N. E. of Maryville. Strawn, p. v. in Coffey co., Kans., on the Neo- sho R. and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., {i\i mis. N. W. of Burlington. Strawtown, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ind., on White R., 7 mis. N. W. of Noblesville. Straytaorn, p. o. in De Soto co.. Miss. *Strcator, p. v. in La Salle co.. 111., on the E. bank of Vermillion R., and on the Western Division of the Chicago & Alton R. R., at S. terminus of Fox River Line of Chicago, Bur- lington & Quincy R. R., N. terminus of Chica- go & Paducah R. R., and N. E. terminus of Chicago, Pckin & Southwestern R. R., 16 mis. S. of Ottawa, the co. seat, and 60 S. W. of Chicago. It is in the center of the Vermillion coal lields, and has large interests in mining and shipping. Pop., 1,486. Two newspapers. Street Boad, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on the West Chester & Philadelphia R. R.,4i4mls. E. S. E. of Westchester. Streetsborougb, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. I'op., 706. Streetsborongli, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Hudson. Striblinj? Springrs, p. v. in Augusta co., Va., 14 nils, from Slauiiton. StricKersville, p. v. in Chester co., Pa., S14 mis. S. E. of Elkview and 414 mis. N. W. of Newark, Del. Strickland, p. o. in Isabella co., Mich. Strickland's Ferry, p. v. in Androscoggin CO., Me., oil the Androscoggin R. R., 2>^ mis. N. of North Leeds. Strickliui^, p. o. in Burnet CO., Tex. Strincstown, p. o. in York co.. Pa. Striiig'town, p. o. in Richland co., HI. String'town, p. o. in Cole co., Mo. Strin;4' Town, p. o. in Pickaway co., Ohio. String'town, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. String-town, p. o. in Hays co., Tex. Stroderville, p. o. in Cape Girardeau co.. Mo. Strode's Mills, p. v. in Mifflin co., Pa., 6 mis. from Lewislown. Stroinsburgta, p. o. in Polk co., Nebr. Strouach, tn. in Manistee co.. Mich. Pop. 281. Stronacb, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Manistee. Strongs, tn. in Franklin co.. Me. Pop., 634. Strong, p. V. in the above tn., 11 mis. frcm Farmington. Strong's Prairie, tn. in Adams co., Wis. Pop., 1,043. Strong's Prairie, p. v. in the above tn., near the Wisconsin R., la mis. N. E. of New Lis- bon. Strongstown, p. o. in Crawford co., Kans. Strongstown, p. o. in Indiana CO., Pa. Strong-sville, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Pop., 896. StrongsTille, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from IJerea. StrotSier, p. o. in Fairfield district, S. C. Stroud, tu. in Monroe CO., Pa. Pop., 2,160. ^Stroudsbnrg-h, p. borough and the co. scat of Monroe co.. Pa., on Brodhead's Cr. and 2 mis. from Stroudsburgh Station on the Dela- Avare, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 53 mis. S. E. of Scranton. Has good water-power and several manufactories. Pop., 1,793. Two news- papers. Struther's Station, p. v. in Mahoning co., Ohio, on the Lawrence Branch of the Pitts- burgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 4)^ mis. S. E. of Youngslown. *Stryker, p. v. in Williams co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 7^ mis. E. of Brvan. Pop., 671. Strykersvilie, p. V. in Wyoming co., N. Y., H mis. S. E. of East Aurora. ♦Stnart, p. v. in Guthrie co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 40 mis. W. N. VV. of Des Moines. In ac- tive trade with good agricultural surround- ings. Seat of several locomotive and machine shops. Pop. about 1,000. One newspaper. Stuart's Draft, p. o. in Augusta co., Va. Stubblefield, p. o. in Bond co., 111. Stubblclield, p. o. in Stevens co.. Wash. Tev. Stnckeysville, p. o. in Bedford co.. Pa. Stump Knob, p. o. in Johnson co., Tenn. Sturbridge, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 2,101. Stnrbridge, p. v. in the above tn., 3% mis. N. W. of South Bridge. Sturgeon, p. o. in Fulton co., ind. *Sturgeon, p. V. in Boone co., Mo., on the St. Louis, Ivansas City & Northern R. 11., 8 mis. AV. of Centralia. Center of an active trade. Pop. about 600. One newspaper. Sturgeon Bay, tn. in Door co.. Wis. Pop., 690. *Sturgeon Bay, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Sturgeon B. of Green B., 4 mis. W, of Lake Michigan and 31 nils. N. N. E. of Ocon- to. Has extensive lumber trade and a grow- iiig commerce. Sturgeon Biver, a small stream in N. Michi- gan ; empties into Keweenaw B. of Lake Supe- rior. Sturgeonville, p. o. in Brunswick co., Va. Sturgis, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 2,306. *Sturgl<), p. V. in the above tn., at intersection of the Grand Rapids A Indiana R. R. and the Michigan Southern Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 36 mis. S. of Kala- mazoo, lias active produce trade and several mauulaclories. Pop., 1,768. One newspaper. STUTS:.IAN. SoG SUGAR CREEK. Stntsman, new co. in Dak. lev., If. E. central part ; has a rolling and somewhat elevHtt;(i surface, as it occupies a portion of the Plateau lett, p. o. in Adair co.. Mo. Sublette, tn. in Leeco., 111. Pop., 1,300. Sublette, p. v. in the above tn., on the Hlinois CfMitral R. B., 8 mis. N. W. of Mendota. Subletfs Tavern, p. y. in Powhatan co., Va., on the James R., 12 mis. N. W. of Genito. Snblig:na, p. o. in Chattooga co.^a. Sublimity, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ky. Sublimity, p. o. in Marion co., Oreg. Snl) ICosa, p. o. in Franklin co.. Ark. Sucarnoocbee, p .v. in Kemper co.. Miss., on 1 \\f Mobile & Ohio R. R.., 35 mis. N. of Merid- ian. SuearnooclieeRiver,atributaryof theTom- liigbee R.; rises in Kemper co., Miss.,andflow- ing S. E. empties in Sumpter co., Ala. Suecess, p. o. in Suffolk co., N. Y. Suckasuuny, p. v. in Morris co., N. J., on the Chester li. R., 2)4 mis. S. of Port Oran. Suilbury, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., •J,091. Sudbury, p. v. in the above tn., i}^ mis. from Saxonville. Sudbury, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 601. Sudbury, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Brandon. Sudlersville, p. v. in Queen Anne co., Md., 5 mis. S. of Miliington. Sudley, p. o. in Anne Arundel co., Md. Sudley Springs, p. o. in Prince William, co., Va. Sue City, p. o. in Macon co.. Mo. Suey, p. o. in San Luis Obispo co., Cal. Suez, tn. in Mercer co., 111. Pop., 1,176. Suez, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. of Viola. Sutt'ern, p. v. in Rockland co., N. Y., at the junction of the main line with the Piermont Branch of the Erie K. R., 31 mis. from Jersey City. Pop. aljout 200. Suftield, tn. in Hartford co.. Conn. Pop., 3,277. Suflield, p. V. in the above tn., on the Suffield Branch of the New Y^ork. New Haven & Hart- ford 11. R., 4 mis. N. of Windsor Locks. Suflield, tn. in Portage co., Ohio. Pop., 1,444. Suflield, p. V. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Ravenna. Buflolk, CO. in Mass., E. part. Ai-ea about 16 sq. mis. Pop., 270,802 ; in 1860, 192,700. It is bounded on the N. by Chelsea R., and includes Boston Harbor with the mouths of Charles and Mystic Rs. The city of Boston, which is the CO. seat, gives to this small co. its great importance. It is divided into four towns: Boston, Chelsea, North Chelsea and Winthrop. Agr. productions in 1870: Rye, 3,054 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,479 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,672 bush.; butter, 3,136 lbs.; hay, 3,123 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,676,250. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $267,615. Principal pro- ducts of industry: Book-binding, )i!80O,70O; boots and shoes, $-2,379,118 ; paper boxes, $425,- 2.'j0 ; carpets, $1,028,300; wagons, $671,205; cho- colate, $681,250 ; men's clothing, $17,578,057 ; women's clothing, $1,268,214; rectified coal oil, $1,141,888 ; confectionary. $1,025,000 ; drugs and chemicals. $819,179; mirror and picture frames, $995,888; furniture, $3,724,898; gas, $2,004,905; bard ware, $616,850 ; hats and caps, $782,300 ; lu- d ia -rubber goods, $610,377 ; stoves, $.578,000 ; iron castings, $931,263 ; foiged and rolled iron, $2,- 613,200 ; wrought-iron i)ipe, $1,000,000 ; lead pipe, $616,650 ; curried leather, $2,993,084 ; patent leather, $800,000 ; malt liquors, $1,394,.500; lum- ber (planed), $3,617,350; machinery, $2,032,203; engines and boilers, $1,462,202 ; marble ana stone work, $1,353,280 ; matches, $500,000 ; re- flnetl molasses and sugar, $5,414,278; organs, $1,070,114; pianos, $2,369,505; fish oil, $544,000; linseed oil, $1,003,610 ; leaisl)on. Sugar Hill, p. o. in Schuyler CO., N. Y. Sugar Hill, p. o. in McDowell co., N. C. Sugar Hill, p. o. in Panola co., Tex. Sugar Island, tn. in Chippewa co., Mich. Pop., 2;!M. Sugar Lake, p. o. in Crawford co., Pa. Sugar I.aud, p. o. in Fort Bend co., Tex. Sugar I.oaf, tn. in Boone Co., Ark. Pop., 827. Sugar I.oaf, tn. in Port Smith Reserve co., Ark. Pop., 2,059. Sugar I.,oaf,tn. in Marion co., Ark. Pop., 130. Sugar liOaf, p. o. in Sebastian co.. Ark. Sugar Loaf, tn. in Van Burun co., Ark. Pop., 2.')!). Sugar liOaf, p. o. in Boulder co., Colo. Ter. Sugar I.oaf, p. o. in Ford co., 111. Sugar I.oaf, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y. on the Warwick Branch of the Krie R. R., 3]^ mis. S. of Giey Coui-t, at the crossing of the main line with the Ne wburgh & Warwick branches, and .53 mis. from New York. Sugar liOaf, tn. in Columbia co.. Pa. Pop., 7.5:). Sugar I>oar, tn. in Luzerne co., Pa. Pop., 1.240. Sugar Notch, p. borough in Luzerne co.. Pa., on tbc Lehigh Vallev R. R., 4 mis. S. W. of Wilkeshiirre. Pop., 724. Sugar Pine, p. o. in Tuolumne CO., Cal. Sugar Ridge, tn. in Clay co., Ind. Pop., 1,140. Sugar Run, p. o. in Bradford CO., Pa. Sugartown, v. in. Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Sugartown, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 6 mis. N. E. of West Chester. Sugartree, p. o. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Sngartree Bottom, tn. iia Carroll co., Mo. Pop., 2,ISG. Sugar Tree Ridge, p. v. in Highland co., Ohio, 10 nds. from Hillsborough. Pop., 1012., Sugar Valley, p. o. in Gordon co., Ga. Sugar Valley, p. o. in Anderson co., Kans. Sugar Valley, p. o. in Clinton co., Pa., 12 mis. from ISliU Hall. Suggsville, p. V. in Clark co., Ala., G mis. from Gosport. Suisun, tn. in Solano co., Cal. Pop., 1,842. *Suisun City, p. v. and the co. seat of Solano CO., Cal., on an arm of Suisun B., 54 mis. N. E. of San Francisco. The v. is the commercial outlet for the rich agricultural section to the N. & N. E. Pop., 462. One newspaper. Suisun Bay, between Solano and Contra Cos- ta cos., Cal.; is the E. projection of San Pablo B., with which it is connected by Carquiuas Strait. It receives the waters of the San Joa- quin and Sacramento Rs. Suitsville, p. o. in Prince George's co., Md. Sullivan, tn. in Ford co.. 111. Pop., 141. Sullivan, tn. in Livingston co.. 111. Pop., 921. Sullivan, tn. in Moultrie co., 111. Pop., 2,658. *Sullivan, p. V. and the co. seat of Moultrie CO., 111., on the Bloomington & Ohio River R. R., at crossing of the Sullivan, Decatur & Mat- . toon R. R., 14 mis. N. W. of Mattoon and 24 mis. ' S. E. of Decatur. Has active trade in cereals and stock. Pop., 742. Two newspapers. Sullivan, co. in Ind., W. S. W. part. Area, 4;i0 sq. mis. Pop., 18,352 ; in 1860. 15,064. It bor- ders on the Wabash R. in the W., which sepa- rates it from 111., and is drained by Turman's Cr. and Busseron Cr. The surface is generally level and consists of prairies, fertile bottoms, timber lands, and a small proportion of bar- rens. The Evansville & Craw fords ville R. R. passes through the co. Snllivan is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 297,452 bush.; rye, 4,621 bush.; Indian-corn, 766,801 bush.; oats, 93,736 bush.; Irish pot's, 42,431 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,261 bush.; butter, 176,279 lbs.; hay, 9,305 tons. Cash value of farms, |5,- 633,817. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,260,945. Value of manufactures, $803,- 160. ^Sullivan, p. v. and the co. scat of Sullivan CO., Ind., on the Evansville & Crawfordsville R. R., 27 mis. S. of Terre Haute. Has rich agricultural surroundings and growing inter- ests in coal mining. Pop., 1,396. Two news- papers. Sullivan, tn. in Hancock CO., Me. Pop., 796. Sullivan, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. from Ellsworth. Sullivan, co. in Mo., N. part. Pop., 10,907; in 1S60, 9,198. It has a rolling surface and con- sists in the proportion of two to one of prai- rie and timber land. The soil is productive, especially along^the river bottoms. Coal ex- ists in the co. The principal streams are tri- butaries of Grand R. Milan is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 61,467 bush.; rye, 1.5,826 bush.; Indian-corn, 412,624 bush.; oats, 164,614 bush.; Irish pot's, 38,754 bush.; sweet pot's, 621 Ijush.; tobacco, 26,619 lbs.; but- ter, 234,065 lbs.; hav, 14,569 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,679,579. Total, estimt^ted, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,271,731. Value of manufac- tures, $2(;3,425. Sullivan, p. V. in Franklin co.. Mo., on the Atlantic & Pacific R. R., 34 mis. S. W. of Pa- cific. Sullivan, co. in N. H., W. part. Area about 820 sq. mis. Pop., 18,058; in 1860, 19,041. The Connecticut R. forms the entire westeni boundary, and, with Sugar R. and other tribu- taries, drains the co. Lake Sunapee lies partly within the eastern part. The valley of the Connecticut is level and contains much excellent land ; the remainder of the surface is broken and in some parts hilly. The co. is intersected by the Concord & Ciaremont E. SULLIVAN. 861 SUMMER HILL. K. Newport is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 16,864 hush.; rye, 2,983 bush.; oats, 124,819 hush.; Indian-corn, 138,071 hush.; Irish pot's, 286,721 hush.: butter, 576,725 lbs.; hay, 54,,5.S;j tons. Cash value of farms, $5,069,- 230. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, Including additions to stock, etc., $1,574,039. Principal products of industry: Woollen goods, $578,850, and cotton goods, $394,- 5(K). Total value of manufactures, $2,480, 71S. SnlliTan, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 347. Snllivaii, p. o. in the above tn. SulliTan. co. in N. Y., S. E. part. Area about 830 sq. mis. Pop., 34,550 ; in 1860, 32,385. The Delaware R. washes the S. W. boundary of the CO. and separates it from Pa., and Shawan- gunk Cr. forms part of the E. boundary, Keversink, Mongaup and Beaverkill Rs. drain it and afford excellent water-power. The surface is elevated and intersected by several ridges in a N. E. and S. W. direction. The valleys ai'c generally wide arid contain highly productive land. The Delaware* Hud- son Canal, the New York & Erie R. R. and the New York & Oswego Midland R. R. pass through the co. Monticello is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5,136 busli.; rye, 49,025 bush.; Indian-corn, 181,551 bush.; oats, 231,9.54 bush.; Irish pot's, 236,881 bush.; butter. 1,183,642 lbs.; haj', 65,992 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,182,347. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includmg addi- tions to stock, etc., $2,,S82,749. Total value of manufactures, $4,181,726, of Avhich $3,019,126 was for tanned leather. Snllivan, tn. in Madison co., N. Y. Pop., 4,921. Sullivan, tn. in Ashland co., Ohio. Pop., 825. Snlllvan, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. of Polk. Sullivan, co. in Pa., N. E. central part. Pop., 6,191; in 18G0, 5,637. The surface is generally rolling and hilly. Bald Mt. in the S. is the highest part of the co. It is drained by Loy- alsock Ci\, Muncy Cr., Fishing Cr., and" other affluents of the Susquehanna R. Laporte is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 16,.360 bush.; rye, 5,678 bush.; oats, 76,141 bush.; Indian-corn, 42,943 bush.; Irish pot's, 52,507 bush.; butter, 229,972 lbs.; hay, 13,445 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,6.58,109. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $496,694. Value of manufactures, $390,877. Snllivan, tn. in Tioga co.. Pa. Pop., 1,637. Snllivan, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. E. of Mansfield. Sullivan, CO. in Tenn., N. E. part. Area, 320 sq. mis. Pop., 13,136 ; in 1860, 13,552. The sur- face is undulating and also traversed by sev- eral ridges ; the soil is productive. The co. is drained by the Holston and Watauga Rs. The East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R. intersects the co. Blountsville is theco. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 132,647 bush.; rye, 5.650 bush.; Indian-corn, 302,227 bush.; oats, 176,387 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,082 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,844 bush.: tobacco, 16,307 lbs.; butter, 171,872 lbs.; hay, 4..522 tons. Cash value of fai-ms, $2,434,109. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $55.5,732. Value of manufactures, $26'*,25.5. Sullivan,tn. in Jefferson CO., Wis. Pop., 1,556. Snllivan, p. o. in the above tn. Snllivan Centre, p. o. in Livingston co., 111. Sullivan's Bluff, p. o. in Houston co., Tex. Sullivan ville, p. v. in Chemung co., N. Y., 4)4 mis. N. E. of Horseheads. Pop., 157. Snlly, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. central part; is bounded on the W. bj"- the Missouri R. and drained by its small affluents. The bottom along the Missouri is very productive ; the remainder of the co. consists of undulating prairies. Sniplinr, tn. in Fort Smith Reserve CO., Ark. Pop., 713. Sulphur Bluff, p. o'. in Hopkins co., Tex. Sulpbur I^^ork, tn. in La Fayette CO., Ark. Pop.. 1,570. Sulphur Fork, p. o. in Henry co., Ky. Sulphur Hill, p. o. in Shelby co., Ind. Sulphur liick, p. o. in Monroe co., Ky. Sulphur, or Oeyser 9Ionntain, apk. of the Coast Ranges, in the N. E. corner of Sonoma CO., Cal., 3,471 feet above the sea level. Near the base is a deep cafion or gorge, which con- tains the famous hot springs, known as the Geysers. (See Sonoma co.) Sulphur Rock, p. o. in Independence co.. Ark. Sulphur Spring, tn. in Montgomery co., Ark. Pop., 192. Sulphur Spring, tn. in Polk co., Ark. Pop., 768. Sulphur Spring, p. o. in the v. of Annapolis, in Crawford co., (Jhio, 8 mis. from Bucyrus. Pop., 253. Sulphur Springs, v. in De Kalb CO., Ala., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R R., 32 mis. S. W. of Chattanooga. Sulphur Springs, tn. in Searcy co., Ark. Poi).. 226. Sulphur Springs, tn. in Benton co., Arlc. Pop., 204. Sulphur Springs, p. o. in Park CO., Colo. Ter. Sulphur Springs, tn. in Johnson co., IlL Pop., 1.197. Sulphur Springs, tn. in Morgan co., 111. Pop., 627. Sulphur Springs, p. o. in Williamson co., 111. Sulphur Springs, p. v. in Henry co., Ind., on the Intlianapolis & Chicago Division of the Pittslnirgb, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 6^ mis. N. W. of Newcastle. Pop., 246. Sulphur Springs, p. o. in Ohio co., Ky. Sulphur Springs, p. v. in Madison co.. Miss. Sulphur Springs, p. o. in Montgomery co., N. C. Sulphur Springs, p. v. in Rhea CO., Tenn., 24 mis. W. of Athens. Sulphur Springs, tn. in Carroll co., V^a. Pop. 1,845. '''Sulphur Springs, p. v. and the co. seat ot Hopkins CO., Tex., 80 mis. N. W. of Jefferson. Has flour mills and other manufactories and is tlie center of trade for a thriving .agricul- tural section. Pop., 921. One newspaper. Sulphur Springs lianding, p. v. in JefTer- son CO., Mo., on the Mississippi R. and the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 23 mis. S. of St. Louis. Sulphur Well, p. o. in the v. of Shelby, in Shelby co., Tenn., on the Memphis & Louis- ville R. R., 18 mis. N. E. of Memphis. Summer Dale, p. o. in Chautauqua CO., N. Y. Summerfleld, p. v. in Dallas co., Ala., 9 mis. W. of BurnsviUe. ^Summerfleld, p. v. in St. Clair co., 111., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 3 mis. from Lebanon and 4 nils, from Trenton. Pop., 776. Summerfleld, p. o. in Claiborne parish, La. Summerfleld, tn. in Monroe co., JSIicli. Pop., 1,464. Summerfleld, p. v. in Guilford co., N. C, 8 mis. W. of Morehead. Summerfleld, p. v. in Noble co., Ohio, 12 mis. S. of Salesville. Pop., 470. Summerfleld, p. o. in Grayson co., Va. Summerford, p. o. in Madison co., Ohio. Summer Hill, p. v. in Pike co., 111., 18 mis. from Naples. Summer Hill, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,0:J6. Summer Hill, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. E. of Grot on. Summer Hill, tn. in Cambria co., Pa. Pop., 752. SUMMER HILL. 862 SUMMIT VALLEY. Snmnier IIill,_p. v. in Cambria co., Pa., on the mis. W. of Wilmore. Suniaucr MUI, tn. in Crawford co., Pa. Pop., I'cimsylvania R. R., 2U mis. W. of Wilmore. ■ • • Cr; " ' " " SiiEiiiiier House, p. o. in Clatsop co., Oreg. Siimincrs, p. o. in IJeuton co., Iowa. Suniuiers, p. o. in Rockbridge co., Va. Sniumerset, tn. in Adair co., Iowa. Pop., 439. Sniuuiersct, p. v. in Warren co.. Iowa, on the Middle R. and the Winterset Branch of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 12 mis. S. of Des Moines. Sammerset, tn. in Steele co., Minn. Pop., 566. Siiiiiniersville, p. o. in Green co., Kj\ Suniincrsville, p. o. in Texas co.. Mo. Suinincrton, p. o. in Gratiot CO., Mich. Snninicrsvlllc, v. in Noxubee co., Miss. Sumuicrville, p. o. in Calhoun co., Ark. Stiniinervillc, p. v. and tlie co. seat of Chat- tooga CO., Ga., on Chattooga R., 90 mis. N. W. of Atlanta. Pop., 281. One newspaper. Summerville, p. v. in Peoria co., 111., 10 mis. from Peoria. Summerville, p. v. in Cass co., Mich., 1]/^ nilc. \V. of Pokagon. Pop., 184. Suininerville, p. o. in Harnett co., N. C. iiuiniiicrvillc, p. v. in Union co., Oreg., on the Grande Ronde R., 16 mis. N. of La Grande. Suninicrville, p. v. in Jefferson co.. Pa., on Red Bank Cr., '26 mis. N. E. of OrrsviUe. Suiumerville, p. v. in Charleston district, S. C, on the South Carolina R. R. Suiniucrville, tn. in Nicholas co., W. Va. Pop., 645. Suinmit, p. v. in Blount co., Ala., 18 mis. S. S. \V. of Guntersville. Summit, p. v. in Plumas co., Cal., on the Sier- ra Nevada, about 100 mis. E. N. E. of Oroville. tSummit, v. in Nevada co., Cal., at the higlicst point of the pass by which the Central Paci- fic R. R. crosses the Sierra Nevada, 243 mis. E. of Sacramento and 636 mis. W. of Ogden, Utah. It is 7,042 feet above the sea level, and has about 125 inhabitants. The p. o. is Sum- mit Valley. Summit, co. in Colo. Ter., forming the N. W. extremity of the territorv. Pop., 258. It ex- tends from the principal kocky Mt. range to the western boundary of Colo. Ter., and in- cludes the North and Middle Parks, with their inclosing mountains. The prmcipal streams are Bunkara 11., rising in the MidcUe Park ; North Platte R., rising in the North Park; the Yanipah or Bear R. and the White R., tributaries of Green R. The Roan, or Book, Mts., Elk Uead Range and the Sierra Esca- lauta occupy the co. W. of the Rocky Mts. Breckenridge is the co. seat. Value of manu- factures, $2,300. Summit, p. v. in Cook co.. 111., on the Des Plaines R. and the Chicago & Alton R. R., 12 mis. W. of Chicago. Pop. about 3U0. Summit, v. in Moultrie co.. III., on the India- napolis & St. Louis R. R., 6 nils. W. of Mat- toon. Pop. about 100. The p. o. is Whitley's Point. Summit, tn. in Effingham co.. 111. Pop., 1,432. Summit, tn. in Marion co , Iowa. Pop., 1,484. Summit, v. in Van Buren co., Iowa, on the Dos Moines Valley R. R., 15 mis. N. W. of Farniington. The p. o. is Mount Zion. Summit, p. o. in De Kalb co., Ind. Sumiuit, p. o. in Leavenworth co., Kans. Suniuiit, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Ky. Summit, p. o. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Suuiuiit, In. in Jackson co., Mich. Pop.. 803. Suuiuiit, tn. in Mason co., Mich. Pop., 257. Summit. In. in Steele co., Minn. Pop., 322. ^Summit, p. v. in Pike co.. Miss., on the New Orleans, .Jackson & Great Northern Division of the Great Jackson Route, 75 mis. S. of Jaek- soa. Poi3. about 400. One newspaper. Suuimit, p. o. in Macon co.. Mo. Summit, p. o. in Madison (!0., Mont. Ter. Summit, p. o. in Butler co., Nebr. Summit, tn. in Union co., N. J. Pop., 1.176. Summit, p. v. in the above tn., on the Morria & Essex R. R., 7% mis. S. W. of Orange. Summit, tn. in Schoharie co., N. Y. Pop., 1,631. Summit, p. o. in the v. of Four Corners, in the above tn., 4 mis. S. of RichmondviUe. Summit, co. in Ohio, N. E. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 34,674 ; in 1860, 27,344. The surface is rolling and the soil fertile. The Cuyahoga R. intersects the co. and drains the largest part of it, while the southern ex- tremity is drained by small branches of the Tuscarawas R. The Atlantic & Great West- ern R. R. and the Cleveland, Mount Vernon & Delaware R. R. pass through the co. Akron is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: AVheat, 337,931 bush.; rye, 10,972 bush.; Indian- corn, 688,651 bush.; oats, 435,771 bush.; Irish pot's, 186,845 bush.; sweet pot's, 108 bush.; butter, 856,265 lbs. ; hay, 37,857 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,527,726. ' Total, estimated, value of all farm pro(iactions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,511,048. Value of manufac- tures, $8,769,486. Sunnmit, tn. in Monroe co., Ohio. Pop., 970. Summit, p. o. in Summit CO., Ohio. Summit, p. o. in Benton co., Oreg. Summit, tn. in Crawford co., Pa. Pojj., 1,034. Sumuiit, V. in Summit tn., Crawford co.. Pa., on Erie & Pittsburgh R. B., near Centre Road Station, which is the p. o. Summit, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 1,304. Summit, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 1,047. Summit, p. v. in Cambria CO., Pa., near the Pennsylvania R. R., 14^^ mis. S. W. of Altoona. Summit, tn. in Somerset co., Pa. Pop., 1,493. Summit, tn. in Potter Co., Pa. Pop., 145. Summit, p. v. in Kent co., R. I., on the Hart- ford, Providence & Fishkill R. R ,22 mis. from Providence. Pop. about 150. Summit, co. in Utah Ter., N. E. part. Pop., 2,rjl2 ; in 1860, 198. It borders on Wyo. Ter. and lies N. of the Uintah Mts. The surface is moun- tainous. The CO. is drained by tributaries of AVeber R. and intersected by the Union Pacilic R. R. Coalville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870; Wheat, 18,955 bush.; rye, 60 bush.; oats, 2,028 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,149 bush.; butter, 13,540 lbs.; hay, 2,569 tons. Cash value of farms, $32,369. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $53,461. Value of manufactures, $10, .549. Summit, p. v. in Iron co., Utah Ter., 6J^ mis. S. W. of Parowan. Summit, tn. in .Juneau CO., Wis. Pop., 722. Summit, tn. in Waukesha co.. Wis. Pop., 1.358. Summit Bridge, p. v. in New Castle co., Del., on the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal, 2 mis. from Alt. Pleasant. Summit Centre, p. v. in Waukesha co., Wis., 3 mis. S. of Oconowoc. Summit Orove, p. o. in Vermillion co., Ind. Summit Hill, p. v. in Carbon co.. Pa., on the Summit Hill Branch of the Lehigh & Susque- hanna R. R., 9 mis. W. S. \V. of Mauch Chunk. Here are very productive anthracite coal mines. Summit mills, p. o. in Somerset co.. Pa. Summit Point, p. o. in Lexington district, s. c. Summit Point, p. v. in .Jefferson CO., W. Va., on the Winchester & Potomac R. It., 8 mis. from Charlestown. Pop. about 100. Summit Station, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. v., on the Syracuse, Binghamton & New Vork R. R., 17 mfs. N. of Cortland Village. Summit Stntion, p. o. in Licking co., Ohio. Summit Stiitiou, p. o. in Schuylkill CO., Pa. Summit Station, v. in Fond du" Lac co.. Wis., on the Shebovtcan & Fond du Lac R. R., 7 mis. N. E. of Font'l Tin Lac. Pop. about 100. Summit Valley, p. o. in the v. of Summit, Nevada co., Cal. SUMMIT VILLE. 863 SUNBUEY. Sammitville, p. v. in ilaciison co., Iml., 19 mis. N. of Anderson. Snmmitville, p. v. in Lee co., Iowa, SV^mls. W. of Sandusky. SDminitville, p. o. in Lake co., Mich. Sammitville, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. T., on the Delaware & Hudson Canal and the New York & Oswego Midland K. R., 3 mis. N. of VVurtsborough. The railroad to EUenville branches off here. Sammitville, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, on tlie Cleveland & Pittsburgli B. R., lOV^mls. N. W. of Irondale. Summitvllle, p. o. in Coffee co., Tenn. Sammousvllle, tn. in Craig co., Va. Pop., 815. Sammam, p. v. in Fulton co., Dl., 15 mis. S. \V. of Lewistown. Samner, tn. in Kankakee co.. 111. Pop., 1,081. Sumner, tn. in Warren co.. 111. Pop., 998. Snmner, p. v. in Lawrence co., HI., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 10 mis. W-of Law- renceville. Pop., C72. Samner, p. c. in Rush co., Ind. Samner, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 582. Samner, p. v. in the above tn., 22J^ mis. S. W. of West Union. Samner, tn. ia Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 550. Sumner, tn. in Iowa co., Iowa. Pop., 692. Samner, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 574. Samner, tn. in AVinneshiek co., Iowa. Pop., 909. Sumuer, co. in Kans., S. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 22. The surface is uncultivated but fertile prairie land. The co. is watered by the Arkansas R., which flows through the E. part, and by Nenescah R., Sliawacospah R. and Pahabe R. Sumner is the co. seat. Sumner, p. v. and the co. seat of Sumner co., Kans., 30 mis. S. W. of Wichita. A new and growing place with one newspaper. Samner, tn. in Oxford co., Me. Pop., 1,170. Samner, p. o. in the above tn. Samner, tn. in Gratiot CO., Mich. Pop., 815. Snmner, p. v. in the above tn., on Pine R., 2S% mis. N. of Pcwamo. Snmner, co. in Tenn., N. part. Area, 590 sq. mis. Pop., 23,711 ; in 1860, 22,030. The surface is undulating ; the soil productive. Cumber- land R. forms the southern boundary and Ky. the northern. The Louisville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R. passes through the co. Gallatin is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheat, 163,114 bush.; rye, 7,222 bush.; In- dian-corn, 1,155,914 bush.; oats, 233,837 bush.; Irish pot's, 35,253 bush.; sweet pot's, 2.%074 hush.; tobacco, 909,508 lbs.; butter, 224,295 lbs.; hay, 4,921 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,107,581. Total, estimated, value of all fai-m produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 690,216. Value of manufactures, $619,878. Samner, tn. in Fillmore co., Minn. Pop., 988. Samner, tn. in Trempealeau co.. Wis. Pop., 889. Sumner, tn. in Jefferson co., Wis. Pop., 468. Sumnerville, p. o. in Ottawa co., Kans. Sumneytown, p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., 13 mis. N. W. of North Wales. Suini>ter, p. o. in Bradley co., Ark. Sninpter, tn. in Cumberland co., 111. Pop., 1,751. Sumpter, p. v. and the co. seat of Trinity co., Tex.. 20 mis. E. of Trinity. Pop., 145. Sumption Prairie, p. o. in St. Joseph co., Ind. Sumter, co. in Ala., W. part Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., 24,109 ; in 1860, 24,03.5. It is bounded on the W. by the state of Miss, and on the E. by the Tombigbee R., which re- ceives the Okanoxubee R. The surface is un- dulating and the soil productive. The Ala- bama & Mississippi R. R. intersects the co. from E. to W. Livingston is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 472 bush.; rye, 127 bush.; Indian-corn, 334,110 bush.; oats, 1,822 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,784 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,- 941 bush.; cotton, 11,646 bales; butter, 4.5,270 lbs. Cash value of farms $1,684,953. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in eluding additions to stock, etc., $1,513,983. Sumter, co. in Fla., central part. Area, 670 sq. mis. Pop., 2,952 ; in 1860, 1,549. The surface is a marshy tract ; the soil moderately pro- ductive. Withlacoochee R. forms the entire W. and S. boundary. The Ocklawaha R. in- tersects the N. E. part. Leeshurgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Oats, 670 bush.; Indian-corn, 67,278 bush.; sweet pot's, 112,620 bush.; cotton, 445 bales ; rice, 8,800 lbs. Cash value of farms, $95,410. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, inchiding ad- ditions to stock, etc., $177,330. Value of manu- factures, $36,000. Sumter, co. in Ga., S. W. part. Area about490 sq. mis. Pop., 16,559: in 1860, 9,428. It is bounded on the E. by the Flint R. and drained by Muckalee Cr., Kiiichafoonee Cr. and other small affluents of the Flint. The surface Is level and the soil moderately fertile. The Southwestern R. R. intersects the co. Ameri- cus is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wlieat, 1,244 bush.; rye, 90 bush.; Indian-corn, 280,379 bush.; oats, 22,085 bush.: Irish pot's, 1,488 bush.; sweet pot's 40,924 bush.; cotton, 12,- 823 bales ; butter, 61,031 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,893,170. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,724,681. Value of manufactures, $414,657. Sumter, p. o. in Moultrie co., 111. Sumter, tn. in Wavne co., Mich. Pop., 1,106. Sumter, tn. in McLeod co., Miun. Pop., 315. Sumter, p. o. in the above tn. Sumter, district in S. C, central part. Area about 1,350 sq mis. Pop., 25,268 ; in 1860, 23,859. Wateree R. forms the western boundary, Lynche's Cr. the eastern. Black R. and Poco- taligo R. drains the co. The surface is undu- lating and the soil productive. Pine woods cover large portions of the co. Sumter Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 655 bush.: rye, 68 bush.; Indian- corn, 189,039 bush.; oats. 1,859 bush.; Irish pot's, 932 bush.; sweet pot's, 36,113 bush.; cot- ton, 7,212 bales; butter, 6,390 lbs.; rice, 245,325 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,473,258. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $922,343. Value of manufactures, $178,257. Sumter, tn. in Sauk co.. Wis. Pop., 847. *Sumter Court House, p. v. aftd the co. seat of Sumter district, S. C, on the Wilmington & Weldon R. R., ,50 mis. by rail E. of Columbia. Trade center for the CO. Pop., 1,087. Two news- papers. Sumterville, p. o. in Sumter co., Ala. Suuiterville, p. v. in Sumter co., Fla., 25 mis. S. of Ocala. Sumterville, p. o. in Lee co., G.a. Sunapee, tn. in Sullivan co., N. H. Pop., 608. Sunapee, p. v. in the above tn., 10^ mis. from Bradford. Sunbeam, p/ v. in Mercer co.. 111., 15 mis. from Monmouth. Sunburgb, p. o. in Kandiyohi co., Minn. Sunbnry, tn. in Livingston co., 111. Pop., 891. Sunbury, p. o. in the above tn. Snnbury, p. o. in Gates co., N. C. Sunbury, p. v. in Delaware co., Ohio, 7 mis. Irom Berlin. Pop., 236. Sunbury, tn. in Monroe co., Ohio. Pop., 1,428. Sunbury, v. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 216. ♦Sunbury, p. borough and co. seat of North- umberland CO., Pa., on the E.bank of the Sus- quehanna R., just below the confluence of its two brandies, at N. terminus of Lewistown Branch of Pennsylvania R. R.; S. E. terminus of Philadelphia "& Erie R. R.; S. junction of Northern Central R. R., W. termiuus of Dan* SUN CITY. 864 SURRY. ville, Ilazlcton & Wilkesbarre R. R., and Ly bridge across the North Branch, the W. ter- minus of the Lackawanna & Bloomsburgh R. B., 36 mis. E. S E. of VVilliamsport aud5(J mis. N. of Harrisburgh. It is the commercial out- let into the valley of the Susquehanna for the Shamokin coal fields, and Is one of the most important lumbering towns on the river. Pop., 3,131 ; in J8t>0, 1,803 ; in 1850, l,'il8. Five newspapers. Sun City, p. o. in Barbour co., Kans. Sunclllf, p. o. in Indiana CO., Pa. *Suncook, p. V. in Merrimack CO., N. H., at the junction of the Suncook Valley li. R. with the Portsmouth R. R., .W mis. N. of Portsmouth. Suncook River, a small tributary of the Mer- rimack R.,in Merrimack co., N. H. Snnclerland, tn. in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 83;J. Sanderland, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. from South Deerfleld. Sunderland, tn. in Bennington co., Vt. Pop., 0o3. Sunderland, p. v. in the above tn., on the Harlem Extension R. R., 143^ mis. N. of North Dennington. Sunderlandville, p. v. in Calvert co.,Md., 39 mis. S. of MiUersville and 12 mis. N. of Prince i'redericktown, the co. seat. Sunderlinville, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. Suntield, tn. in Eaton co., Mich. Pop., 1,106. Sunflcid, p. o. in the above tn. Sunfisb, tn. in Pike co., Ohio. Pop., 628. Sunflower, co. in Miss., W. part. Area about 450 sq. mis. Pop., 5,015; in 1860, 5,019. It is bounded on the E. by the Tallahatchie R. and intersected by the Sunflower R., trom which it is named. "The surface is low and in many parts covered with cypress swamps. The soil, where sufficiently dry, is very rich. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 155.672 bush.; oats, 2,430 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,797 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,091 bush.; cotton, 7,028 bales ; butter, 35,146 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,227,452. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., 1743,393. Value of manufactures, $22,875. Sunflower River, in Miss.; a tributai-y of the I'azoo R.; flows from N. to S. through Coaho- ma, Sunflower, and Washington cos., and empties in Issaquena co. It intersects the alluvial and swampy region of the Yazoo Bottom. Sun Ilill, p. o. in 'Washington co., Ga. Sun Hill, IV o. in Wyoming co., W. Va. Suninan, p. v. in Ripley co., Ind., on the In- dianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 21 mis. N. W. of Lawrenceburg. Pop. about 100. Sunny Dale, p. o. in Pickens district, S. C. Sunny Hill, p. o. in St. Helena parish. La. Sunny Side, p. v. in Chicot co., Ark., 6 mis. from Lake Village. Sunny Side, p. o. in Spalding co.. Ga. Sunny Side, p. o. in Marion co., ind. Sunny Side, p. v. in Buchanan co., Iowa, 14 mis. S. \y. of Independence. Sunny Side, p. o. in Montgomery co., Kans. Sunny Side, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., 7J^ mis. from West Newton. Sunny Side, p. o. in Cumberland co., Va. Sunny Slope, p. o. in Lawrence co., Teim. Sunol^'len, p. o. in Alameda co., Cal. Sun Prairie, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 1,610. *Sun Prairie, p. v. in the above tn., on the Madison Branch of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 13 mis. N. E. of Madison. Pop., 626. Sunrise, tn. in Chisago co., Minn. Pop., 240, Sunrise, p. o. in Bath Co., Va. Sunrise City, p. v. in Chisago co., Minn., 7 mis. E. of North Branch. Sun River, in Mont. Ter.; rises in the Rocky Mts., has an easterly course and joins the Missouri R. above the Great Falls. Sun River, p. o. in Lewis and Clarke co., Mont. Ter. Snn*s Creek, p. o. in Dade co., Mo. Sunset, p. o. in Republic co., Kans. Sunset, p. o. in Pocahontas co., W. Va. Sunshine, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Sunville, p. v. in Venango co.. Pa., ISJ^ml^. N. E. of Utica. Superior, tn. in Osage co., Kans. Pop., 966. Superior, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 1 .268. Superior, p. o. in Missoula co., Mont. Ter. Superior, p. o. in Nuckolls co., Nebr. Superior, tn. in Williams co., Ohio. Pop., 1.627. Superior, tn. in Douglas co.. Wis. Pop., 1,122» ♦Superior, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Lake Superior, 7 mis. S. E. of Duluth, Minn. Has a good harbor and engaged in lake commerce. One newspaper. Superior, liake, the largest and most west- erly of the chain of great lakes which are drained by the St. Lawrence R.; has an area of about 32,000 sq. mis., is 627 feet above the sea level or 49 feet above Lakes Huron and Michigan. Its greatest depth probably ex- ceeds 1,000 feet. Its outlet into Lake Huron is called the St. Mary's R. The lake is bound- ed on the N. and E. by British America and on the W. and S. by Minn., Wis. and Mich. Tlie northern shore is rocky and presents a succession of bluffs of from 300 to 1,500 feet. The southern shore is mostly low and sandj% though interrupted at various places by bold, rocky blull's. The largest islands are Isle Roy- ale, near the north-western shore, and the Apostle Islands, belonging to Wis. The larg- est afiluent of the lake is the St. Louis R., of Minn., which may be considered as the true source-stream of the St. Lawrence. Suplee, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Supply, p. o. in Brunswick co., N. C. Surgreon's Hall, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Surg'oinsville, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. Surprise Valley, tn. in Siskiyou co., CaL Pop., 649. Surprise Talley, in Siskiyou co., Cal., ex- tends along the E. base of Warner Range, and is about 60 mis. long and 30 mis. wide. It con- tains large tracts of fertile land and is water- ed by numerous springs and streams, which empty into a series of beautiful lakes. Snrratt's, v. in Prince George's co., Md., VZ]^ mis. S. E. of Washington, D. C. The p. o. is Roljeystown. Surrency, p. o. in Appling co., Ga. Surrey, p. o. in Portage co., Wis. Surrounded Hills, tn. in Prairie co.. Ark. Pop., 635. Surrounded Hills, tn. in Woodruff co., Ark. Pop., 248. Surry, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 1,242. ■Surry, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Ells- worth. Surry, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 318. Surry, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. from East Westmoreland. Surry, co. in N. C, N. W. part. Area about 490 sq. mis. Pep., 11,252 ; in 1860, 10,380. The Yadkin R. forms the southern boundary and receives Ararat R.and other small tributaries. The Blue Ridge trends along the N. W. bor- der. The surface of the co. is mountainous and hilly and the soil productive. Dobson is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 20,701 bush.; rye, 18,029 bush.; Indian corn, 190,- 171 bush.; oats, 39,321 bush.; Irish pot's, 14,707 bush.; sweet pot's, 1.5,368 bush.; tobacco, 254,- 286 lbs.; butter, 81,238 lbs.; hay, 531 tons. Cash value of farms, $830,837. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $446,128. Value of manu- factures, $182,620. Surry, co. in Va., S. E. part. Area, 340 sq. mis. Pop., .5,.585 ; in 1860, 6,133. The co. is boundejl on the N. E. by the James R. and on the S. W. i by the Blackwater K.; has an undulating or SURRY COURT HOUSE. 865 SUTTER. level surface with a sandy and but moderate- ly fertile soil, and is intersected by a number of small creeks, tributai-y to the streams bor- dering it. Surry Court flouse is the co. seal. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 910 bush.; Indian-corn, S.i,995 bush.; oats, 9,49.5 bush.; Irish pot's, 15,773 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,381 bush. Cash value of farms, $7.i9,957. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $212, 61*2. Value of manufactures. .*45,980. Snrry €onrt House, p. v. and the co. seat of the above co., 14 mis. N. of Wakefield and 35 mis. E. of Petersburgh. Su!«nnville., tn. in Lassen co., Cal. Pop., 638. ^Susanville, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 1.50 mis. N. N. E. of Sacramento. Its surroundings are mountainous and devoted to pasturage. One newspaper. Suspension, p. v. in Bullock co., Ala., on the Mobile & Girard K. R., 45 mis. from Columbus, (Ja. *Suspenslon Bridg'e, p. v. in Niagara co., N. y., on tlie Niagara 11., just below the Falls, and at the W. terminus of the Su^ension IJridge Division of New York Centi-al & Hudson River R. R., at N. terminus of Sus- pension Bridge & Niagara Falls Branch of Erie R. R. and at E. terminus of Great West- ern R. R. of Canada ; 24 rals. N. of Buffalo and 2 N. of Niagara Falls. The river is here crossed by a suspension bridge of 800 feet span, 230 "feet high, supported by 4 wire ca- bles of 914 inches diameter and capable of supporting 10,000 tons. Admirable views of the falls and the rapids below are obtained from tliis point. Pop., 2,276. One newspaper. Snsquebanna, co. in Pa., N. N. E. part. Area about 800 SQ. mis. Pop., 37,,5'23 ; In 1860, 36,267. It borders on New York. The East Branch of the Susquehanna R. intersects the north- ern part and receives Snake and Salt Lick Crs. The southern part is drained by Mes- hoppen Cr. and the branches of the Tunk- hannock R. The surface is broken, and the south-eastern pai't is occupied by Ellc Mts., a range nearly 2,000 feet high. Grazing and dairy farming are extensively carried on. Montrose is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 50^522 bush.; rye, 31,117 bush.; Indian-corn, .311,218 bush.: oats, 628,061 bush.; Irish pot's, 341,717 bush.; butter, 2,580,649 lbs.; hay, 98,4.50 tons. Cash value of farms, $16,707,- 011. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,808,075. Value of manufactures, $3,225^.54. Susquehanna, tn. in Cambria co.. Fa. Pop., 1,106. Susquehanna, tn. In Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 346. Susquehanna, tn. in Dauphin co., Pa. Pop., 2,264. Susquehanna, p. o. In the v. of Rockville, In the above tn., on the Susquehanna R. and Pennsylvania Canal and at the junction of the Pennsvlvauia R. R. with the Schuylkill & Susquehanna R. R., ^ mis. N. of Harrisburgh. Pop., 2.59. Susquehanna, tn. in Juniata co., Pa. Pop., 890. ^Susquehanna Depot, p. borough in Sus- quehanna CO., Pa., on the Erie R. R., at N. terminus of .Jefl'erson Branch of same, 8 mis. E. of Great Bend; a manufacturing and ship- ping place, and location of railroad repair shops. Pop., 2,729. One newspaper. Susquehanna River. (See Pennsylvania, page 699.) Sussex, CO. in Del., S. part. Area about 975 sq. mis. Pop., 31,696; in 1860, 29,615. It is bounded on the W. and S. by Maryland, and on the E. by Delaware B. and the Atlantic Ocean. The surface is level, and gently rises from E. to W.; the soil is good and well cul- tivated. The principal streams draining the 55 CO. are the Nanticoke R., Pocomoke R.. In- dian R., Cedar Cr., Depp Cr. and Mispillion Cr. Agricultural and lumbering are the chief occupations. Georgetown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 69,239 bush.; rye, 2,742 bush.; Indian-coi-n, 1,122,093 bush.; oats, 55,779 bush.; Irish pot's, 87,300 bush.; sweet pot's, 53,390 bush.; butter, 185,005 lbs.; hay, .5,161 tons. Cash value of farms, $?.,972,- 031. Total, estimated, value of all farm pio- ductions, including additions to stock, cto., $1,844,7.52. Value of manufactures, $.529,119. Sussex, CO. in N. J., forming the northern ex- tremity of the state. Area, .500 sq. mis. Pop., 23,168; in 1860, 23,846, It borders in the W. on the Delaware R., and in the N. on N. Y., and is drained bj^ Paulinskill, Pequest and Flat- kill Rs., tributaries of the Delaware, and by the branches of the Wallkill R., a tributary of the Hudson. The Blue Mts. intersect the CO. along the valley of the Delaware, and the Hamburg Mts. and other i-anges of hills pass through the south-eastern part. Hopatcong Lake, at the south-eastern boundary, supplies the Morris Canal. The soil of the valleys is very productive. Newton is the eo. seat, Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 64,5,32 bush.; rye, 105,306 bush.; Indian-corn, 432,776 bush.; oats, 268,477 bush.; Irish pot's, 81,006 bush.; butter, 1,4.55,788 lbs.; hay, 40,335 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,264,703. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,526,710. Value of manufactures, $1,455,104. Sussex, CO. in Va., S. S. E. part. Area about 385 sq. mis. Pop., 7,885; in 1860, 10,175. The Blackwater R. forms the north-eastern bound- ary ; the Nottoway R. part of the western. The latter sti-eam also intersects the co., and drains it with numerous small afiluents. The surface is slightly rolling and the soil Tuoder- ately productive. The Petersburgh & Weldon R. R. passes through the co. Sussex Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 3,113bush.; rye, 66 bush.: Indian- coi-n, 118,305 bush.; oats, 21,357 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,223 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,818 bush.; to- bacco, 16,100 lbs.; butter, 21,528 lbs.; hay, 486 tons. Cash value of farms, $772,499. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $300,131. Value of manufactures, $124,250. Sussex, p. V. in Waukesha co.. Wis., 6 mis. from Hartland. Sussex Court House, tn. in Sussex co., Va.. Pop., 1,778. Sussex Court House, p. o. in the above tn» and the co. seat. Sussex iflills, p. o. in Sussex co., N. J. Sutersville, p. v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa.,. on the Youghiogheny R. and the Pittsburgh,. Washington & Baltimore R. R., 27 mis. S. E. of Pittsburgh. Sutherland, p. o. in Dinwiddie co., Va. Sutherland Falls, p. v. in Rutland co., Vt., on the Rutland R. R., 6 mis. N. N. W. of Rut- land. Sutherland Springs, p. o. in Wilson co., Tex., on the Cibolo R., 18 mis. S. of Sequin. Sntro, p. o. in Lyon co., Nev. Sutter, CO. in Cal., central part. Pop., 5,030j in 1860, 3,.30O. This co. is named in honor of General John A. Sutter, one of the earliest Amei'ican settlers in Cal. It is bounded oa the W. by the Sacramento R., and on the E, partly by the Feather R. The surface is level, as it is formed cliietly by the rich alluvial bottom-lands of the two streams named. Tho only elevations of any magnitude are tho Sutter Buttes, which rise near the shore of the Sacramento R., an isolated group of peaka near N. W. part of the co. They form a con- spicuous object in the landscape. There is. but little timber, except the narrow strips of Cottonwood and sycamore along the water- SUTTER. 866 SWANVILLE. courses ; but the land is very rich, and excel- lent crops are produced. Yulsa City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 673,- 749 Ijusli.; rye, 850 bush.; Indian-corn, '26,.'>13 busli.; oats, iiLW bush.; Irish pot's, 1,612 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,480 bush.; wool, 126,657 lbs.; but- ter, 117,875 lbs.; hay, 14,100 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,072,288. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., §918,417. Sntter, tn. in Amador co., Cal. Pop., 1,966. Sutter, tn. in Sutter CO., Cal. Pop., 1,075. Satter, v. in the above tn., on the California Paciflc li. R., 31 mis. N. of Davisville. Sutter, tn. in Sacramento co., Cal. Pop., 1,078. Sutter Creek, p. v. in Amador co., Cal., on Sutter Cr., a tributary of the Mokelumne R., 5 mis. N. of Jackson, the co. seat. Suttooi, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 2,699. Sutton, p. V. in the above tn., on Blackstone It. and Canal, and the Providence & Worces- ter R. R., 8 nils. S. of Worcester. Has manu- factories of woollen and cotton goods. ♦Sutton, p. V. and the co. seat of Clay co., Nebr., on the line ol the Burlington & Mis- souri River R. R. Sutton, tn. in Merrimack co., N. H. Pop., 1,1.55. Sutton , p. V. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Braale, p. o. in Harrison co., W. Va. Sycamore <«rove, p. o. in Putnam co., W.Va. Sycamore Spring's, p. o. in liutler co., Kans. Syclitorsville, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Syene. p. o. in Dane co., Wis. Sylies' 31ills, p. o. in Elmore CO., Ala. SykcsTille, p. v. in Carroll co., Md.. on tlie Baltimore & Ohio R. K., 163^ mis. N. W. of El- li(;ott City. Sykesvilie, p. o. in Burlington co., N. J. Sylaniore, tn. in Izard co.. Ark. Pop., 400. Sylamore, p. o. in Izard co.. Ark. Sylarsville, p. o. in Monroe co.. Ark. Syllimaii, p. o. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Sylvan, tn. in Osceola co., Mich. Pop., 43. Sylvan, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., l.VtSI. Sylvan, p. v. in the ahove tn., 2 mis. from Chel- sea. Sylvan, p. o. in Franklin co., Pa. Sylvan, tn. in Richland Co., Wis. Pop., 888. Sylvan, p. o. in the ahove tn. Sylvan Dell, p. o. in Harrison co., Ky. Sylvan tJrove, p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. Sylvanla, p. v. and the co. seat of Scriven co., Ga., J5 mis. E. of ISIillen. Sylvanla, p. o. in Parke co., Ind. Sylvania, p. v. in Dade co., Mo., 15 mis. K. W. of Greenlield. Sylvania, v. in Scott co.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 25 mis. S. of Marble Hill. Pop. about 200. The p. o. is St. Cloud. Sylvania, tn. in Lucas co., Ohio. Pop., 1,400. •Sylvania, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 11 mis. W. N. W. of Toledo. Sylvania, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa.,'4 mis. from Troy. Pop., 202. Sylvania, tn. in Potter co.. Pa. Pop., 267. Sylvania, p. o. in Racine co.. Wis. Sylvan Lake, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on Clove Branch R. R., 17 mis. N. E. of Newburgh and on the lake of the same name. Sylvan Spring', p. o. in Barron co., Wis. Sylvester, p. o. in Mecosta co., Mich. Sylvester, tn. in Green co.. Wis. Pop., 1,034. Sylvester, p. o. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Juda. Symco, p. o. in Waupaca co.. Wis. Symmes, tn. in iidgar co., 111. Pop., 1,185. Symmes, tu. in Hamilton co.. Ohio. Pop., 1,377. Symmes, p. o. In the aboye ta Symmes, tn. in Lawrence co., Ohio. Pop ,995 Symmes' Corners, p. v. in Butler co., Oliio, 5 mis. from Hamilton. Pop., 1'27. Symmes' Creek, p. o. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Syosset, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., on the North- port Branch of the Long Island R. R., 4}^ mis. N. of Hicksville. Syracuse, p. v. in Kosciusko co., Ind., on Tur- key Lake, 6 mis. E. N. E. of Milford. Pop., 2-27. ♦Syracuse, p. v. in Morgan co., Mo., on the Pacific R. R. of Missouri, 5^ mis. W. of Tipton. Syracuse, p. y. in Otoe co., Nebr., on the Mid- land Pacific R. R., 20 mis. W. of Nebraska City. *Sy racuse, city, and co. seat of Onondaga co., N. Y., at the S. end of Onondaga Lake and on a creek of the same name, 74 mis. E. of Ro- chester and 148 mis. W. by N. of Albany. The site of the city is nearly level ; its streets are ■wide, straight, and cross each other at right angles. The buildings, private and public, are substantially constructed of brick or stone, and several of the churches are noted for architectural beauty. The most notable industrial feature of the city is the produc- tion of salt from the saline springs and wells in the vicinity, whose annual yield approxi- mates $1,000,000. The other manufacturing interests of the city are large and varied, embracing machinery, farming implements, hardware, woollen goods, paper, leather, flour, etc. Syracuse is admirably situated for in- land commerce, having water communcation E., W. and N. by means of the Erie and Oswego canals, and being located on the New York Central & Hudson River R. R., at E. terminus of the Auburn Division of the same, at S. terminus of Oswego & Syracuse R. R., N. ter- minus of Syracuse, Binghamton & New York R. R. and W. terminus of Syracuse & Che- nango Valley R. R., through which lines it is brought into intimate commercial connection with all parts of the state. Prior to 18-20 Syra- cuse was known as Cossits Corners and Cor- inth, respectively. In 1825 it was incorporated as a village, witli a population of 400. In 1840 its population was 6,500. In 1848 it was incor- porated as a city. Pop. in 1850, 22,271 ; in 1860. 28,119; in 1870, 43,051, Of whom 29,061 were na- tives of the United States, and 13,990 foreign born. Sixteen newspapers are published here, of which the "Courier," "Journal," and " Standard " are dailies and weeklies. Syracuse, p. v. in Meigs co.,Ohio, on the Ohio R., 3 mis. above Pomeroy. Pop., 1,273. Sy wappity, tn. in MlBsiBSippi co., Mo. Pop., 1,778. TABERG. 869 TALLADEGA. T. Taberg, p. v. in Oneida CO., N. Y., 2J^ mis. N. of Taberj? Station. Pop., 400. Taberg Station, v. in Oneida co., N. Y.. on the Central R. R., 10]4 mis. VV. of Rome. The p. o. Is Blossvale. Tabernacle, p. o. in Tipton co., Tenn. Tabers Creek, p. o. in Wayne co., W. Va. Taberville, p. v. in St. Clair co.. Mo., on the Osatre R., S mis. E. of Rockville. Pop., 160. Tabic Blnlf, tn. in Humboldt co., Cal. Pop., 408. Table liltiflT, p. o. in the above tn. Tabic Grove, p. v. in Fulton co.. 111., on the Rnckford, Rock Island & St. Louis R. R., 4}.^ mis. N. of Vermont. Table Mound, tn. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pop., 1,137. Table Mountain, p. o. in Pickens district, Table Roek, tn. in Izard co.. Ark. Pop., 257. Table Rock, p. o. in the above tn. Table Rock, tn. in Sierra co., Cal. Pop., 759. Table Rock, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. from Downieville. Table Rock, tn. in Siskiyou co., Cal. Pop., 327. Table Rock, p. v. In Pawnee co., Nebr., on the Great Nehama R. and the Atchison & Nebraska R. R., 84 mis. from Atchison. Pop. about (iOO. Table Rock, p. o. in Jackson co., Oreg. Table Rock, p. o. in Adams co., JPa. Table Rock, p. o. in Raleigh co., W. Va. Tabo, p. V. in La Fayette co.. Mo., 12 mis. ft-om Lexington. Tabor, p. o. in Bon Homme co., Dak. *Tabor, p. v. in Fremont co., Iowa, 8 mis. E. of IJiutlett. Pop., 310. Tabor, p. o. in Saline CO., Nebr. Tabor, p. o in Racine Co., Wis. Tackett's Mills, p. o. in Stafford co., Va. Tacoleeche, p. o. in Tacoleeche co., Miss. raconia, p. o. in Pierce co.. Wash. Tcr. Taconic Mountains, a range in Massachu- setts. (See page 549.) Tacnsah, tn.in Christian co.. 111. Pop., 1,182. Ta. o. in Trempealeau co.. Wis. *Tamaroa, p. v. in Perry co.. 111., on the Illi- nois Central R. 11., at K. terminus of the Ches- ter & Tamaroa R. R., 70 mis. S. E. of St. Louis and 28 mis. from Centralia. A shipping point for the products of a rich agricultural section. Pop., 937. One newspaper. Tamola Station, p. o. in Kemper co.. Miss. Tamorack, p. v. in Will co., 111., 5 mis. from Auiora. *Tampa, p. v. and the co. seat of Hillsborough CO., Fla., on Hillsborough R. at the head of Tampa B., 140 nils. S. by E. of Cedar Keys. Has an excellent harbor and is an important shipping iioint. Pop., 796. One newspaper. Tampa Bay, on the W. coast of Fla.; is about 40 mis. long, and dotted with small islands. It affords an excellent harbor for the largest vessels. Tampico, p. o. in Whitesides Co., 111. Tampico, tn. in Whitesides eo , 111. Pop., 634. Tampico, v. in Howard co., Ind., on the Third Division of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 30 mis. N. W. of Anderson. Pop. about 100. The p. o. Is Centre. Tampico, p. o. iii Jackson co., Ind. TAMPICO. 871 TATNALL. Tampico, p. o. in Oktibbeha co.. Miss. Tamplco, p. o. in Darke co., Oliio. Tampico, p. o. in Gi'anger co., Tenn. Tamwortb, tn. in Carroll co., N. H. Pop., 1.344. Tain worth, p. v. in the above tn., 21 rals. N. E. of Meredith Village. Tamworth Iron Works, p. v. in Carroll co., N. H., -24 mis. N. E. of Meredith Village, Tanalquot, p. o. in Thurston co., Wash. Ter. Taneuni, p.' o. in Yakima CO., Wash. Ter. Taney, co. in Mo., S. W. part. Pop., 4,407 ; in 18ti0, 3,57t>. The CO. has a broken and hilly surface, and only one-fourth of it consists of productive farming land. Forests— mostly pine— cover large portions of its area. The White K. and its tributaries drain the co. Eorsvth is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "Wheat, 6,375 bush.; rye, 443 bush.; Indian- corn, 13,5,577 bush.; oats, 11,075 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,1(51 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,333 bush.; to- bacco, 13. '223 lbs.; butter, 48,250 lbs.; hay, 44 tons. Cash value of farms, iji275,80(). Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $185,741. Value . of manafaetures, $24,300. Taneytown, p. v. in Carroll co., Md., 7 mis. from Middleburgh. Pop., 413. Tangrent, p. o. in Linn co., Oreg. Tangipahoa, parish in La., E. part. Pop., 7,928. It is bounded on the S. by Lake Maure- pas and Lake Pontcharti-ain ; on the W. b5^ the Tickfaw R. and its tributary, Natalbany R., and on the E. by the Bayou Chefiuette. The Tangipahoa R. intersects the co. from N. to S. The surface is low and level and the soil in some parts highly productive, in others eandy. Amite Citj' is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 61,023 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,278 bush.; sweet pot's, 35,809 bush.; cotton, 1,642 bales ; rice, 57,030 lbs.; but- ter, 20,423 lbs. Cash value of farms, $520,181. Total, estimated, value of all farm pi-oduc- tions. including additions to stock, etc., $331,- 863. Value of manufactures, $.325,2.50. Tang^ipalioa, p. v. in the above parish, on the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 11 mis. N. of Amite City and 104 mis. S. of Jackson. Pop., 236. Tang^ipahoa River rises in Pike co., Miss., and flowing S. through Tangipahoa parish. La., empties into Lake Pontchartrain. Tanl£town, p. o. in Delaware co., Ohio. Tanneliill, p. o. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala. Tanners, p. o. in Gilmer co., AV. Va. Tanner's Creek, tn. in Norfolk co., Va. Pop., 2,989. Tanner's Falls, p. o. in Wayne co.. Pa. Tanner's Store, p. o. in Mecklenburgh co., Va. Tannersville, p. o. in Greene co., N. Y. Tannersville, p. v. in Monroe co., Pa., 10 mis. from Stroudsbui-gh Station. Tannery, p. v. in Indiana co., Pa., 8 mis. from Indiana. Taos, p. V. in Cole co., Mo., 5 mis. S. of Osage City. Taos, CO. in New Mex. Ter., forming the N. W. extremity of the territory. Pop., 12,079; in 1860, 14,103. It extends from the Rocky Mts. in the E. to the Arizona state line in the W., and includes the southern part of the San Luis Park, which is intersected by the Rio Grande, and bounded on the W. by the lofty ,San Juan Range. The Rio San Juan inter- sects the western part of the co. Fernandez de Taos is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 153,799 bush.; oats, 21,542 bush.; Indian-corn, 80,224 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,323 bush. Cash value of farms. $330,582. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $316,565. Value of manufactures, $94,000. Tapley ville, p. o. in Essex co., Mass. *Tappahauuock, p. v. and the co. seat of Es- sex CO., Va., on the Rappahannock R., ,58 mU N. E. of Richmond. Location of a TJnitea States Custom House. Seat of an active coast and fishing trade. One newspaper. Tappan, p. o. in Harrison co., Ohio. Tappantown, p. o. in the v. of Tappan, In Rockland co., N. Y., on the Northern R. R. of New Jersey, 2^ mis. S. W. of Piermont. Tapsfleld,^tn. in Washington co., Me. Pop., 463. Tara, p. o. in Webster co., Iowa. *Tarborong-h, p. v. and the co. seat of Edge- combe CO., N. C, on Tar R., 50 mis. N. W. of Washington and at E. terminus of Tarbor- ough Branch of the Wilmington & Weldon R. R., 12 mis. E. of the intersection at Rocky Mount. A manufacturing and shipping point. Poi)., 1,340. Three newspapers. Tarcntum, p. borough in Alleghany co., Pa., on the Alleghany R. the West Divls'ion of the Peiinsylvania Canal and Pennsylvania R. R., 7 mis. S. W. of Froeport. It has manufacto- ries of soda and salt and carries on boat building. Pop., 944. Tarheel, p. o. in Bladen co., N. C. TariflTville, p. v. in Hai'tford co.. Conn., on the Farmington R., the Connecticut Western R. R., and the New Haven & Northampton S. R., 17 mis. N. of Plainville. Tarkeo, p. o. in Decatur co., Ind. Tarklugtou's Prairie, p. o. in Liberty co., Tex. Tarkio, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 363. Tarkio, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. E. of Shenandoah. Tarkio, tn. in Atchison co.. Mo. Pop., 1,120. Tarlton, p. v. in Pickaway co., Ohio, 12 mis, from Circleville. Pop., 407. Tarrant, co. in Tex., N. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 5,788 ; in 1860, 6,020. The surface consists of prairies, which possess a fertile soil. Trinity R. intersects the co. and drains it with numerous affluents. Fort Worth is the CO. seat. Agr. productionsin 1870: Wheat, 29,587 bush.; Indian-corn, 203,595 bush.; oats, 72,635 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,478 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,995 bush.; butter, 41,664 lbs. Cash value of farms, $496,047. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $228,837. V^alue of manu- factures, $37,625. *Tarr Farm, p. v. in Venango co.. Pa., on the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., 5^4 mis. N. of Oil City. Tar River rises in Granville co., N. C, and flowing S. E. through Franklin, Nash, Edge- combe and Pitt cos. empties into Pamlico R. Tarry Town, p. o. in Crawford co.. Ark. *Tarrytown, p. v. in Westchester co , N. Y., on the Hudson R. and the New York Central & Hudson River R. R., 25 mis. N. of New Y'ork. Its beautiful location makes it a favorite sum- mer resort and place of residence for persons doing business in New Y'ork. Pop., 2,206. One newspaper. Tassinong, p. o. in Porter co., Ind. Tate, a new co. in Miss., N. part. It was formed of the southern part of De Soto co., and is partly bounded on the N. by the Cola Water R. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. Tate, tn. in Clermont CO., Ohio. Pop., 2,678. Tate Creek, p. o. in Braxton co., W. Va. Tatesville, p. v. in Bedford co.. Pa., on the Huntinsdon & Broad Top Mountain R. R., iO mis. S. by W. of Huntingdon. Tatnall, co. in Ga., S. E. part. Area, 1,050 sq. mis. Pop., 4,860; in 1860, 4,352. It extends from the Canauchee R. in the N. E. to the Altamaha R. in the S. W., and is drained by the Great Ohoopee R. and numerous small creeks. The surface is low and level ; the soil sandj'. Reidsville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 74,684 bush.; oats, 28.117 bush.; Irish pot's, 325 bush.; sweet TAUNTON. 872 TAYLOE. Slot's, -25,386 bush.; cotton. 314 bales ; rice, 120,- 12 lbs.; butter. lo,978 lbs. Cash viilue of farms, S-2()7,061. Total, estiraatod, value of all farm productions, including addictions to Btock, etc., $-21«,707. •Taunton, city and semi co. seat of Bristol CO., Mass., on the Taunton B. at head of )iavii;ation, at intersection of Old Colony R. R. with New Bedford & Taunton R. R., the E. terminus of Attleborcugh Branch of same, and W. terminus of Middlelwiough & Taun- ton R. R.; a busy and beautiful city, in whose center is a handsome park. The pri- vate residences are noted for their elegance, and there are many tasteful jjublic structures. The State Lunatic Asylum is a magnificent three-domed building. The City Hall and Public Library are fine structures. Here are 19 churches, the most conspicuous of whicli are the First Unitarian, on Church Green ; the St. Thomas (Episcopal) and St. Mary's (Cath- olic). The manufactures of Taunton are ex- tensive and varied. The tack companies make over 700 varieties of nails and tacks. Tlie works of the copper company cover 15 acres and consume from 3^000,000 to 4,000,000 lbs. of copper aniiually. The locomotive works cover 10 acres of ground and employ 800 hands. Beside these, there are manufactories of cars, cotton and woollen goods, britannia ware, zinc, rakes, hoes, shovels, paper, etc. In receipt and shipment of the cereals, Taun- ton ranks as the third New England city. The city was founded, by Elizabeth Pool, of Taunton, England, in 1639. In 1810 it had but 50 houses. Pop. in 1840, 7,645 ; in 1850, 10,441 ; In 1860, 1,5,376 ; in 1870, 18,629. Three news|)a- pers are puljlished liere, of whicli the " Gra- zette" is daily. Taunton Kiveir rises in Plymouth co., Mass., flows tl) rough Bristol co., and empties into Mount Hope li., in Provier. Tawawa, p. o. in Slielby co., Ohio. Taxahaw, p. o. in Lancaster district, S. C. Taycheeclah, tn. in Fond du Lac co., Wis. Pop., l,.52-2. Tayclieedali, p. o. in the above tn., on the southern shore of Lake Winnebago and the Sheljoyg'an & Fond du Lac It. R., 4 mis. N. E. of FoiuT du Lac. Taylor, tn. in Columbia co.. Ark. Pop., 830. Taylor, co. in Fla., N. part. Area, .500 sq. mis. Pop., 1,4.53 ; in 1860, 1,384. The surface is level, partially covered with forests; the soil is fertile. Ocilla R. bounds it on the W. and flows into the Gulf of Mexico, which forms the S. W. and S. boundary. Rose Head is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 20,6-25 bush.; oats, -290 bush.; sweet pot's, 9,535 bush.; cotton, '217 bales ; butler, 437 ll)s. Cash value of farms, $44,050. Total, estimated, value Of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $60,8-27. Value of manufactures, $14,400. Taylor, co. in Ga., W. part. Area, 4-20 sq. mis. Pop., 7,143 ; in 1860, 5,998. It extends from the Flint R. in the N. E. to Cedar Cr. in the S.,' and is drained by Patsitiga and White Water' Crs. The surface is generally level. Exten- sive tracts ai-e covered with sandy pine bar- rens. The Muscogee R. R. passes through the CO. Butler is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5,962 bush.; rye, -263 bush.; lu- dlau-corn, 119,269 bush.; oats, 6,491 bush.; Irish pot's, 766 bush.; sweet pot's, 16,.344bnsh.; cot. ton, 3.5.59 bales ; butter, 19,096 lbs. Cash value of farms, $iil8,965. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $815,703. Value of manufactures, $632,585. Taylor, tn. in Ogle co.. 111. Pop., 402. Taylor, p. v. in the above tn., 5mls. from Ogle. Taylor, tn. in Greene CO., Ind. Pop., 1,677. Taylor, tn. in Harrison CO., Ind. Pop., 1,259. Taylor, tn. in Howard CO., Ind. Pop., 1,745. Taylor, tn. in Owen co., Ind. Pop., 757. Taylor, co. in Iowa, S. W. part. Area, .565 sq. mis. Pop., 6,989; in 1860, 3,590. The surface is undulating; the soil fertile. It is drained by tlie Platte R. and the One Hundred and Two R., and intersected by a branch of the Burling- ton & Missouri River R. R. Bedfor^ mis. from Monkton Mills. Ta.vlor, tn. in Wayne CO., Mich. Pop., 867. Taylor, tn. in Gre'ene CO., INlo. Pop., 998. Taylor, p. o. in Marion co., Mo. Taylor, tn. in Shell)y co.. Mo. Pop., 928. Taylor, tn. in Sullivan co.. Mo. PoiJ., 6-28. Ta.vlor, CO. in Nebr., W. part. Pop., 97. It has b»;en added to the new co. of Cheyenne, of which it forms the eastern part. (See Appen- dix.) Taylor, tn. in Cortland co., N. Y. Pop., 1,016 Taylor, p. v. in the above tn., 17 mis. E. of Cortland Village. Taylor, tn. in Union co., Ohio. Pop., 1,141. Taylor, tn. in Blair co.. Pa. Pop., 1,368. Taylor, tn. in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 1,670. Taylor, tn. in Fulton co.. Pa. Pop., 868. Taylor, tn. in Lawrence co.. Pa. Pop., 736. Taylor, tn. in Centre co., Pa. Pop., 51'2. Taylor, p. o. in Red River co., Tex. Taylor, tn. in Orange co., Va. Pop., 3,957. Taylor, tn. in Scott co., Va. Pop., 1,783. Taylor, co. in W. Va., N. part. Area about 280 sq. mis. Pop., 9,367 ; in 1860, 7,463. The surface is l)roken and hilly and the soil of the valleys highly productive. Thji co. is drained by the Tygart's Valley R , a tributary of the Monon- gahela, and intersected by the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Prnntytown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, -28,684 bush.; rye, '2,075 bush.; Indian-corn, 95,439 l)ush.; oats, 45,. 166 l)nsh.; Irish pot's, 10.305 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,'2.56 bush.; butter, 97,'2'23 lbs.; hay. 6,710 tons. Cash value of farms, $-2,311,oa5. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $502,070. Value of manufactures, $340,130. TAYLOR CENTRE. TECDMSEH. Taylor Centre, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Taylor Centre, p. o. in Cortland co., N. Y. Taylor Creek, in. in Hardin co., Ohio, Pop., 891. Taylor Hill, p. o. in Franklin co., 111. Taylor's, p. o. in Sumter district, S. C. Taylor's, p. o. in White co., Tenn. Taylor's Brids:e, p. o. in Sussex co., Del. Taylor's Bridg'e, p. o. in Sampson co., N. C. Taylor's Corner, v. in De Kalb co., Ind., 5 mis. from Waterloo City. Taylor's Creek, p. o. in St. Francis co.. Ark. Taylor's Creek, p. o. in Liberty CO., Ga. Taylor's Creek, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Taylor's Creek, p. o. in Lampasas co., Tex. Taylor's Depot, p. v. in La Faj'ette co.. Miss., on the IMississippi Division of the Great Jackson Itoute. Taylor's Falls, tn. in Chisago co., Minn. Pop., 1,003. Taylor's Falls, p. v. in Chisago co., Minn., on the St. Croix R., 20 mis. N. of Stillwater and 47 mis. N. E. of St. Paul. Connected with for- mer place by stages and steamer. Has lum- ber trade and manufactories. One newspaper. Taylor's Island, p. v. in Dorchester co., Md., IG mis. from Cambridge. Taylorsport, v. in Boone co., Ky., on the Ohio R., 13 mis. below Cincinnati. Pop., 120. Taylor's Stand, p. o. in Crawford co.. Pa. Taylor's Station, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ky. Taylor's Station, p. o. in Franklin co., Ohio. Taylor's Store, p. o. in Franklin co., V'a. Taylorstown, p. v. in Washington CO.. Pa., near the Hcmpfleld R. R., 7 mis. W. of Wash- ington. Pop., 98. Taylorstown, p. v. in Loudoun co., Va., 3mls. from Point of Rocks, Md. Taylorsville, p. v. in Plumas co., Cal., 12}^ mis. from Quincy. Taylorsville, p. o. in Bartow co., Ga. Taylorsville, tu. in Christian co.. 111. Pop., 2,1.S0. Taylorsville, p. v. in Rartholomew co., Ind., on the Jeffersonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 7 mis. N. of Columbus. Pop., a50. Taylorsville, v. in Warrick co., Ind., 25 mis. N. of llockiwrt. The p. o. is Polk Patch. Taylorsville, p. v. in Fayette co., Iowa, 2]^ rals. N. K. of Brush Creek. ♦Taylorsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Spen- cer CO., Ky., on the E. Fork of Salt R., 29 mis. S. E. of Louisville. Has water-power and some manufactories. Pop., inclusive of tn., 1,873. One newspaper. • Taylorsville, v. in Anne Arundel co., Md., on South R., 5 mis. S. W. of Annapolis. Taylorsville, p. o. in Smith Co.. Miss. Taylorsville, p. o. in Montgomery co., Ohio. Taylorsville, v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, on Muskingum R., 10 m-ls. below Zanesville. Pop., .54-1. The p. o. is Philo. Taylorsville, p. v. in Bucks co.. Pa., on the Delaware R. and the Pennsj'lvania Canal, 8 mis. N. W. of Morrisville. Taylorsville, v. in Indiana co., Pa. Pop., 169. *Taylorsville, p. v. and the co. seat of John- son CO., Tenn., 18 mis. N. E. of Hampton. Pop., 234. Taylorsville, p. v. in Hanover co., Va., on the Richmond, Fredericksbnrgli & Potomac R. R., 22 nils. N. of Richmond. Taylorsville, v. and the co. seat of Patrick CO.. Va., 50 mis. W. of Danville. The p. o. is Patrick Court House. Taylorville, tn. in Christian co.. 111. Pop., 2,180. ♦Taylorville, p. v. in the above tn. and the • CO. seat, on the Sangamon R. and on the Springfield & lllii\ois Southeastern R. R. and the St. Louis Division of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 27 mis S. S. E. of Spring- field. Has general manufacturing interests and is engaged in shipping of coal found in the vicinity. Two newspapers. Taylorville, tn. in Alexander cc, N. C. Pop.. 1 ,078. Taylorville, p. v. and the co. seat of Alex, ander co., N. C., 13 ml.«i. N. of Catawba Station on the Western North Carolina R. R. Pop., 169. Taymontii, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 638. Taymontii, p. o. in the above tn. Tazewell, co. in 111., central part. Area, 450 sq. mis. Pop., 27,903; in 1860, 21,410. The sur- face is level ; the soil fei'tile. The Illinois R. forms the N. W. boundary. The co. is drained by Mackinaw Cr.. an aflftuent of the Illinois R., and intersected by the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., the Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. R., th*e Chicago & Alton R. R. and the Pekin Division of the Toledo, Wa- bash & Western R. R. Pekin is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 204.827 bush.; rye, .'59,027 bush.; Indian-corn, 206,0.53 bush.; oats, 505.841 bush.; Irish pot's, 108,984 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,169 bush.; butter, 285,323 lbs.; hay. 27,5()4 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,- 854,646. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,320,048. Value of manufactures, |1,958,- 718. Tazewell, p. v. and the co. seat of Claiborne CO., Tenn., midway between Powell's and Clinch Rs., and 23 mis. N. N. W. of Morris- town on the East Tennessee & Virginia R. R. Its surroundings are mountainous ami rich in minerals, of which iron is largelj' pro- duced. Pop., 345. One newspaper. Tazewell, co. in Va., S. W. part. Area about 1.400 sq. mis. Pop., 10,791 ; m 1860, 9,920. It bor- ders on W. Va., from which it is separated by Tug Ridge and the Great Flat Top Mt. The North Fork of the Clinch R. and the Blue Stone R. rise in the co. and flow through highly picturesque valleys in a S. W. direction. Rich Mt. separates the two valleys, and Clinch Mt. forms the S. E. boundary. The valleys are very productive ; the higher portions of the CO. are well adapted to stock raising. Tazewell Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 3S.020 Inish.; rye, 6,242 bush.; Indian-corn, 155,1:53 bush.; oats, 69,- 189 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,675 bush.; sweet pot's, 95 bush.; tobacco. 5,026 lbs.; butter, 95,175 lbs.; hay, 5,.301 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,.374,. 906. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $307,905. Value of manufactures, $98,223. • "Tazewell Conrt House, p. o. in the v. of Jeffersonville and co. seat of the above co., on the N. Fork of Clinch R. at the K. base of Tug Ridge and 44 mis. N. W. of Wytheville. Pop. of V. and tn., 3,682. T. B., p. V. in Prince George's co., Md., 18 mis. from Washington, D. C. Teachey's, p. o. in Duplin co., N. C. Teague's ]VIills, p. o. in Hardeman co., Tenn. Tebeanville, p. o. in Ware co., Ga., on the Atlantic & Gulf R. R., 11 mis. from Blackshear. Pop. about 100. Tebo, tn. in Henry co.. Mo. Pop., 3,308. Tecoloto, V. in San Miguel co.,NewMex. Ter., 12 mis. from Las Vegas. Pop., 634. Tecnmseli, tn. tn Shawnee co., Kans. Pop., 8.54. Tecumseh, p. v. in the above tn., 5V^mls. from Topoka. Tecumseb, tn. in Lenawee co., Mich. Pop., 2,583. ^Tecumseh, p. v. in the above tn., on the .Jack, son Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 13 mis. N. N. E. of Adrian. Has manufactories and trade in agricultural pro- ducts. Pop., 2,093. Two newspapers. Tecumseb, tn. in Johnson co., Nebr. Pop., *Tecumseli, p. v. and the co. seat of Johnson CO., Nebr., on Big Nemaha R. and on the Atchi- TEDEOW. 874 TENNESSEE. son & Kebraska R. R., 57 mis. S. E. of Lincoln. The river affords water-power for several mills. Two newspapers. Tedrow, p. o. in tlie v. of Spring Hill, in Ful- ton CO., Ohio, 8 mis. from Wauseoa. Teed's *«rove, p. o. in Clinton co., Iowa. Teegardlii, p. o in Columbiana co., Ohio. Tehama, CO. in Cal., N. part. Pop., 3,587 ; in 1860, 4,044. The eastern part of the co. in- cludes a section of the Sierra Nevada, the western part a section of the Coast Ranges and the central belongs to the plain of the Sacramento R. The spurs of the Sierra are covered with spruce and pine forests, which yield excellent timborjWhile the Coast Ranges produce only an inferior species of oak. The low plain is devoid of woods, but consists of valuable farm lands. Tehama is almost ex- clusively an agricultural co. The cultivation of the grape-vine is extensively carrieil on. The Sacramento R., which flows through the center of the co. from N. to S., receives num- erous tributaries, the Avater of which is in many localities utilized for irrigating gar- dens and lields. Red Blufl'isthe co.seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 404,7-22 bush.; In- dian-corn, 625 bush.; oats, 3,801 bush.; Irish pot's, 260 l)ush.; sweet pot's, 350 bush.; wool, 445,456 lbs.; butter, 68,105 lbs.; hay, 6,.549 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,353,815. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $880,234. Value of manufactui-es, $817,004. Tehama, tn. in the above co. Pop., 881. Tehama, p. v. in the above tn., on Sacramento R. and on Oregon Division of Centi'al Pacific R. R , 27 mis. K. of Cliico. One newspaper. Tehlchipa, p. o. in Kern co., Cal. Tehuacana, p. v. in Limestone co., Tex. Tekamah, tn. in Burt co., Nebr. Pop., 493. *Tekamah. p. v. and the co. seat of iSurt co., Nebr., 46 mis. N. of Omaha. One newspaper. Tekousha, tn. in Calhoun co., Mich. Pop., I,.i33. Tekoiisha, )i. v. in the above tn., on the Air Line Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 10 mis. W. of Homer. Teleg-raph €ity, p. v. in Calaveras co., Cal., 19 mis. trom San Andreas. Tellair, co. in Oa.,S. central part. Area, 485 sq. mis. Pop., 3,245 ; in 1860, 2,713. The Ocmulgee R. forms the southern boundary, the Little Ocmulgee R. the north-eastern. Sugar Cr , Turnpike Cr. and Cedar Cr. drain the co. The • surface is level and the soil fertile. The Ma- con & Brunswick R. R. intersects the co. Jacksonville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Rye, 15 bush.; Indian-corn, 62,429 bush. ; oats, 15,823 bush.; Irish pot's, 60 busli.; sweet pot's, 20,.')(i9 bush.; cotton, 704 bales ; rice, 6,050 lbs.; butter, 12,725 lbs. Cash value of farms, $159,889. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $275,266. Value of manufactures, $23,000. Telford, p. o. in Bueks co., Pa. Telford's, v. in Washington co., Tenn., on East Tennessee. Virginia & Georgia R. R., 5 mis. E. of Jonesborough, the co. seat. The p. o. is Millwood. Tell, tn. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Pop., 1,024. ■"Tell €ity, p. v. in Perry co., Ind., on the Ohio R., 10 nils. N. W. of Cannelton. Has manu- factories and a good river trade. Pop., 1,660. One newspaper. Tcllico River, a tributary of tlie Little Ten- nessii; U., in Tenn.; rises in the Unake Mts. and flows N. W. through Monroe co. Tellico I'lains, p. o. in Monroe co., Tenn. Teloga Springes, p. o. in Chattooga co., Ga. Temeciila, p. v. in San Diego co., Cal., on Margiulia R. Surrounded by extensive plains aiUipled to grazing. Temccula, i n. in Sun Diego CO., Cal. Pop., 140. Teme.'kCal Mountains, one of the Coast Ranges of Cal.; trend from N. Vf to S. E. and partly form the boundary between San Bar- nardino and Los Angeles cos. Temperance, p. o. in Telfair co., Ga. Temperance, tn. in Amherst co , Va. Poo.. 3,447. Temperance Hall, p. o. in De Kalb co., Tenn. Temperance Hill, p. o. in Monroe co.. Miss. Temperance Mount, p. o. in Simpson co., Ky. Temperanceville, p. o. in Belmont co., Ohio. Temperance vi lie, p. borough in Alleghany CO., Pa., on the Ohio R., 3 mis. below Pitts- burgh. It has extensive manufactories of iron, edge tools, glass, etc., and an active coal trade. Pop., 2,069. Temperanceville, p. o. in Accomack co., Va. Temple, tn. in Franklin co.. Me. Pop., 640. Temple, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Pop., Temple, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Mason Village. Temple, p. v. in Berks co.,Pa., on the East Pennsylvania R. R., 5 mis. N. of Reading. Temple Hill, p. o. in Barren co., Ky. Temple Mills, p. v. in Franklin co., Me., 6 mis. from I'arinington. Temple of Health, p. o. in Abbeville dis- trict, S. C. Templeton, v. in Benton co., Ind., at inter- section of Cincinnati, La Fayette & Chicago R. R. with Blooniington Division of Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 18 mis. N. W. of La Fayette. Templeton, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 2,802. Templeton, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. S. of Otter River. Templeton, tn. in Atchison co.. Mo. Pop., 974. Templeton, tn. in Prince George co., Va. Pop., 1,326. Templeton, p. o. in the above tn. Templeville, p. o. in Queen Anne co., Md. Tempi in, p. o. in AVabaunsee co., Kans. Teuafly, p. v. in Bergen co., N. J., on the Northern R. R. of New Jersey, 18 mis. from Jersey City. Pop. about 300. Tenallytown, p. v. in Washington co., D. C, 2% mis. N. of Georgtown. Tenant's Harbor, p. v. in Knox co.. Me., on. Penobscot B., 15 nils, from Rockland. Tenhassen, tn. in Martin co., Minn. Pop., 314. Tenhassen, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. from Fairniount. Ten Islands, p. o. in Calhoun co., Ala. Ten Mile, p. o. in Fulton co.. Ark. Ten Mile, p. o. in Cloud co., Kans. Ten Mile, p. o. in Campbell co., Ky. Ten Mile, tn. in Macon co.. Mo. Pop., 1,518. Ten Mile, p. o. in the above tn. Ten Mile, p. o. in Douglas CO., Oreg. Ten Mile, p. v. in Washington Co., Pa., 14 mis. from Washnigton. Ten Mile, tn. in Harrison co., W. Va. Pop., 1,736. Ten Mile, p. o. in Lincoln co., W. Va. Ten Mile Bottom, p. o. in Venango co.. Pa. Tesi Mile House, p. o. in the v. of Brown D^er, in Milwaukee co.. Wis., on the Milwau- kee & Northern R. R., 11 mis. N. of Milwau- kee. Ten Mile Stand, p. v. in Meigs co., Tenn., 15 mis. from Sweet Water. Tennant, p. o. in Santa Clara co., Cal. TENNESSEE, one of the centra states Of the Union ; extends from one of t,V«> highest ranges of the AppalachiaTi Mts. in the E. to the bank of the Mississippi in the AV. It is bounded by Ky. and Va. on the N , by N. C. on the E., by Ga., Ala. and Jliss. on i he S., ani^ by Ark. and Mo. on the W. It lits between 3.1° and 36° 41' N. lat., and 81° 4,5' iixl 90" 14' W. long., and has an average length oC 3S6 mis. and ail average width of but litt ..' tivor 10& mis. The area is 45,600 sg. mis., rr- «»,18AOOO acres. TENNESSEE. 875 TENNESSEE. Surface.— Tenn. has a general inclination from the K. to the W., but is considerably diversified py mountain chains, table-lands, valleys and low plains. Seven well-defined natural divi- sions may be distinguished: I. The broad belt of the Unaka Chain in the E. 2. The Valley of East Tennessee. 3. The Cumberland Plateau. 4. The Highland Rim ; and 5. The Central Basin both in the middle portion of the state. 6. The Plateau of West Tennessee, and 7. The Missis- Bippi Bottoms. -The Unuka Chain, the summit crest of which divides Tenn. from N. C, forms a belt of paral- lel rulges, trending N. E. and S. W. Though continuous lengthwise, it is intersected by tlie deep and rocky cuts of the tributaries of the Holston and Tennessee Rs., which divide it into links abutting end to end. The links or ridges ot the great chain are known by diflfer- ent local names. The highest range in the N. IS called the Stone Mt., and two lower ridges W. of this are called respectively the Iron Mt. and Holston Mt. Stone Mt. terminates abrupt- ly near the S. E. corner of Carter cc, with the massive Roan Mt., 6.306 feet above the sea level In Wuslnngton co. the Unaka Range consists of the Bald Mts., supporting peaks of 5,550 feet in height, BulTalo Mt. and Rich Mt.; in Green co of the Big Butte Range and Paint Mt., both terminating on the French Broad R.; in Cocke CO., ot the Great Smoky Mt., one of the most imposing i-anges in the state, and the Chilhowee Range. The entire section between the Little Tennessee and Hiawassee Rs. is locally known as the Unaka Chain proper. In Polk co., S. of the Ocoee R., the range is called Frog Mt., and the outlying ridge in McMinn and Polk co3. btarr Mt. ' The Unaka Range occupies about one-half of the most eastern tier of cos. in the state. It is covered with forests except on the most ex- posed summits, from 4,000 to 6,000 feet above the sea, which are destitute of trees and commonly called " Balds" or " Bald Spots." In ascending a mountain with a "Bald," the tourist soon leaves the heavy forests on the slope below ; the oaks, beeches and other trees begin to di- minish in size until he finds himself passing through low groves of old-looking dwarfs, often but a tew inches high. On reaching the "Bald," the groves disappear and the treeless summit IS spread out as a great rolling meadow, alive with stock of all kinds, feeding and fattening' on the rich herbage. The Valley of East Tennessee extends from the base ot the Unaka Range to the steep escarpment of the Cumberland Plateau and oc- cupies the entire width of the state from the ^^. E. to the b. W., joining the great valley of >a. in the K. and of Ga. and Ala. in the S. It is but a portion of the long trough which ex- tends from the Hudson R. in N. Y. to the Coosa and Black Warrior Rs. in Ala., and within lenn. occupies an area of 9,200 sq. mis. This valley is closely furrowed by parallel ridges and valleys trending from the K. E. to the S W., as Powell's Mt. in Hancock and Claiborne COS., the Bays Mt. Group in Hawkins and Greene cos., the Clinch Mt. in Hawkins and Granger cos., etc. The valley gradually inclines to the S. W. as indicated by the course of the Tennessee, Holston and Clinch Rs. At Kinjrs- ton on the Holston R. it is 1,218 feet, and at Cal- houn on the Hiawassee R. 648 feet above tide- water. The wide-spreading Cumberland Plateau ex- tenils across the state and borders the vallev just described, on the W. Its eastern border is a nearly direct line, while the western is irreo-u- larly scalloped and notched by deep coves, sepa- rated trom each other by long spurs jutting to the VV . The average width is about 70 mis. and Its area 5,100 sq. mis. The top of this plateau, though comparatively flat, is diversified by low ridges and shallow valleys, while the margin consists everyM'here of sandstone cliffs and pi-e cipices. The mean elevation above the sea li very nearly 2,000 feet, or about 900 feet abcve the East Tennessee Valley. Middle Tenn., from the foot of the Cumber- land Plateau in the E. to the Tennessee R. in tlie^. includes two natural divisions, the Highland Rim and the Basin. It may be com- pared to a shallow plate with a flat rim. The Basin, occupying the very center of the state, possesses in a high degree the elements of ferl tility and agricultural wealth. It has the form of an ellipse, and is on all sides surrounded by the Highland Rim, which attains an avera°'e ele- vation above the sea of more than 1,000 feet Large portions of the rim consist of " barrens ♦' with a thin soil, deficient in calcareous matter ; iT,i4® ?,"'^'? ,'^'■6 tertile, though not compara- ble to the rich alluvions of the Basin. Asino-u- lar feature of the rim is the "sink-holes" with which the surface is indented. They are hor)- per-shaped cavities, from 10 to 100 yards in diameter. Their presentee indicates under- ground streams and caverns. Western Tenn., from the fertile valley of the lower course of the Tennessee R. to the Ijottom- lands of the Mississippi R., is a great table-land 8,8o0sq. mis. large, and in the mean fi-om500 to 600 feet above the sea level. The western es- carpmcnt forms a line of "bluffs," which at several points between Memphis and Fulton abut on the bank of the Mississippi R., but "en! erally rise at the distance of several miles from It, leaving a belt of rich alluvial bottom-lands which IS lower than the river at high-water and hence subject to inundation. ' Thus It will be seen that the state presents every variety of surface structure and scenery —mountains of imposing grandeur in the E broad low plains of the greatest fertility in the Valley of East Tennessee and the Central Ba- sin, undulating plateaus of varying height and but moderate productiveness in various narts and lastly inexhaustible bottom-lands alono- the great water-courses. ° Jiivers.—The rivers of Tenn. are, without ex- ception, direct or indirect tributaries of the Mississippi R. The Obion, Forketl Deer Hat- chie and Loosahatchee Rs. drain the western tiible-land and join the part of the Mississippi R. which forms the boundary of the state. The Cumberland R. enters Jackson co. from Kv flows through the Highland Rim and the Basin ot Middle iennessee, and leaves the state in St^ewart co. Its largest Iiranches are Caney iork and Stone's R. The Tennessee R., which has given its name to the state, flows through the eastern part in a southerly direction, and after describing a great curve in Ala. traverses the western part from the S. to the N. It is lorrned by the confluence, near Kingston, of the Holston and the Clinch Rs. These lar^e streamsenter Tenn. from Va., like the Powefls R., an affluent of the Clinch R. The Holston and the Tennessee Rs. receive a number of tri- butaries from the E., which rise* in the Blue Ridge of N. C. and burst through deep cuts or gaps of the Unaka Range. They are the Wa tauga, the French Broad, with tlie Nollichuc- ky, and Big Pigeon ; the Little Tennessee and the Hiawassee, with the Ocoee. The Hi"- Eme ry and Sequatchee Rs. enter the Tennessee R;" trom the Cumberland Plateau. The affluents ot the lower course of the Tennessee R are the Hint, Elk, Shoal and Duck Rs. The last named is the largest, has a westerly course and drains the Central Basin. Climale.— Tenn. is not subject to great ex- tremes of climate. The winter is usually so mild that herbage is green and cattle can graze with but little interruption from cold and snow during all the months. Many shrubs, which in the northern states lose their foliage, retain it ' here the year round. The mean annual temper- ature along the parallel passing through the TENNESSEE. 876 TEN'i>ESSEE. centei- of the state is not far from 57° in the Val- ley of East Tennessee, 58° in Middle and 59° 5' or 60° in West Tennessee. This difference of tem- perature is partly due to the rtitference in ele- vatiftn. The mean temperature of summer is in Knoxville, 73° 6' ; in Lebanon, 75° 9' ; in Nash- ville, 77° 3', and in Memphis, 78° 1'. The temper- ature during winter rarely falls below zero. The lowest degree reported is 13° 8' below zero in Lebanon, observed in January, 1852. The an- nual rain-fall in inches is at Knoxville, WA ; at Lebanon, 4&%; at Nashville, 55, and at Glen- wood 44. This is less than the states farther south receive, but in general, the supply of moisture is amply sufficient for the purposes of farming. Temporary droughts are not in- frequent during the summer season. Pop Mio/zon.— The earliest settlements within the limits of the state were made in 1768 by emigrants from N. C. In 1790 the population was 35,(i91; in 1800, 105,602; in 1810, a!l,727; in 1820, 422,771 ; in 1S;50, 681,904 ; in 1840, 829,210 ; in 1850, 1,002,717; in 18(50, 1,109,801, and in 1870, 1,258,520. This last number includes 936,119 whites, 322,331 colored persons, and 70 Indians. According to nativity the population was dis- tributed as follows : Born in the United States were 1,239.204, including 1,027,627 natives of the state ; 43,397 of Va. and W. Va., 13.854 of S. C, 4,074 of Pa., 4,420 of Ohio, 42,110 of N. C, 3.002 of K. Y., 3,262 of Mo., 15,451 of Miss., 19,867 of Ky., 1,835 of Ind., 2,451 of 111., 18,021 of Ga., 2,977 of Ark. and 20,217 of Ala. In foreign countries were born 19.316 persons, viz.: in British America, 587 ; in Germany, 4,-539 ; in England, 2,085 and in Ireland, 8,048. In all classes of occupations there were enga- ged 367,987 persons (out of 890,872 persons over 10 yearsof age) viz.: in agriculture, 267,020 ; in pro- fessional and personal services, 54,396; in trade and transportation, 17,510, and in manufactures and mechanical and mining industries, 29,061. Mining and Minerals.— Tho most valuable miiua-al treasures of the state are coal and iron. The coal measures form the top of the Cumber- land Plateau and are co-extensive with it in area. In fact, the two go together, and the pla- teau owes its existence and preservation to the hard, weatlnn-resisting rocks of the coal meas- ures. Almost everywliere seams of coal may be seen cropping out near the top of the escarp- ment of the plateau. The hard rocks of the coal-formation, when elevated and approxi- mately horizontal, are plateau making. Had they been otherwise than hard, or had they beeii common limestones or shales, rocks that air, water and frost can with comparative ease disintegrate and dissolve, the tal)le-land region would have been reduced long since to the gen- eral level of the valleys ami plains around it. The coal of Tenn. is bituminous and varies con- siderably in qualitv and value; but the quan- tity is such that it inay be said to be inexhaust- ible. The variety anil the amount of iron ore in Tenn., its exce"llent quality, its favorable con- ditions for the economical manufacture of iron, make the state one of the best iron-producing regions in tlije country. Limonite, hematite and magnetite iron ores are found along the western ridges of the Unaka Mts.; while beds of dye- stone ores skirt the eastern base of the Cum- berland Plateau. The western iron region oc- cupifes a belt of the highlands along the lower Tennessee and a part of its valley. To this re- fion belong the Cumberland Iron Works, in tewart co., which embrace over 111 sq. mis. of territory, with numerous exposures of excel- lent ore, chif fly peroxyd. Copper is found only In the Ducktown District, forming the S. E. corner of the state. Ores of lea51, of 1,253 mis. in 1861 and of l,.520mls. In 1871. The principal lines are the East Ten- nessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R.. which inter- sects tiie valley of E. Tenn from N. E. to S. W., and is 200 mis. long; the Nashville & Chatta- nooga R. R. (173 mis.); the Nashville, Mem])hi3 & St. Louis R. R., from Nashville to Hickman, Ky. (1721^ mis.) ; the Tennessee & Pacific R. li., from Nashville to Knoxville (180 mis., of which 31 mis. are- in operation); the Winchester ft Alabama R. R.. from Decherd to Kayettevillo (39 mis.) ; the McMinnville & Manchester U. R., TENNESSEE. 877 TENNESSEE RIVeE. •al'lS'if,"^t,f,^i,^«j;!t5^A«_^««ted in a Gen- -The assessed (605 mis.). ya\n7oho^U.^f.?f'' ""'^.-Of^-xue assessed viiiue oi leal estate was, m 1S70 *>'2.S n'« -^Vi / f d^Vinl^t',!?rv\ V '^S'^^^st $382,495,200 iu I860 J. Jie estimated oi- true value of real and ner §«"al estate in 1870 was *498,237, 7-24 a^ainstVlIf 903,892 in im and $201,24«,6S6' in 1850^ * ^' iiouse of liepresentatives, who hold their e^^^'fJZ *'^^ x^^^'s f™'^ the day of^ihe sen- ?. H,.o *'°^'°"-, No person shall he a renrefen- SnVtet ''nf^'t^,' ''° ^^''^'l^e a citizen of tllunfted bee^^'^f, ^:;i^?,°f tiZ'^-^and shall 1^^^ ,-.,„„ — -v^..m vnoijuiscuients, »J,432,858. es Tlfp^t^^^'f ?^ llisbursements Of $12,767 fori'll s^Mlfnf^''/-^^;'*,'''"^""*®^ to $38,539,802, ipi lioJ ,892,144 of which bonds liad beenlssnV Court, Circuit Courts, Chancery Courts •im]T?^« pelKteonlv^ Ttl '^'^■'°^'°" °f f'e court is ap- SVi^e^nl^c^s^r^^K-^-i^SlI by the legal voters for terms if s'years ^ The judges of the Circuit and Chancery courts :^::.?,''^it".'^k^'«t^.<^.f«^\8years..pH,AMor/ey^^^ 69,852 female pupils. v.i, "^'i "'*^ C'eutral Tennessee ColFe-e tt tiVl ;■""■" "^ >■•'-' Li-Jiari Lo remove any cause i.r the transcript of the record thereof from a, -^ SUffiH^ni"'n"''"^"°'^ "^tO «"^" COu?t'of °fw on sufficient cause, supported by oath or a&a- .nSo\l''^^i!?^J.!^*«*^«f«»°^i""9i counties: ville, for colored students o.o-aniJjH''?/^f.^^^ Crockett, and the East Tennessee Wesleyan Universitv i t.^ v!: i*^- ^' .R'^kson, Dyer. Fayette. Fen- ^'-A^^^"^' organized in 1867. ^niveisity, J'ess, Franklin Gibson, Giles, Granger, Greene y^ePrm-oFTenn. comprised. In iS7n qi „„„„ I ,^, ""^U'' H'lmWen, Hamilton Hancock, Hlrdll Hi. ' "?r':''j"' Hawkins, Haywood, Henderson Henry, Hickman, Houston, Humphrevs In ok' son. James. .TpflTt-vc:^,, t„i' ._. V""^J'''i'io"algovernoVtookclm^e ^^TJ2t%.^'}l''^'\y ^^t. the^apital of thestlie r>f tua „,, -v..^..^„ij, u, joiji. Ji.iLertue ci( of tho «T^' =\Pi-ovisional governor took charge n cf Vl^'"''^"'^^'''' department in 1865, and call?d fn Keh,?"^''"V5'^ ^r'r^^l^ assembled at Austin «..t« ^f7."'^'' l'^^^- Under the reconstruction the ffffb nJfiyf^' of 1867 Tex. was included in the tifth military division. The state con^fi DecembPr7^.r"°'^ ^^^"« re-assemb?ed1n JJecember, 1868, completed its labors, and the new constitution was ratified by a vote of the people at the election held inlNovember 1869 i^^'t'"';'?' ^*'"' ^ongi-ess admitted Tex to repl resentation upon the conditions that no citizen ?he ?^'hf t^o'V^nT'''^°^^^l ^^^^I'e deprived of lue light to vote except as nunishment fm- crimes, and that no citizen or class of>it>Von^ should be deprived of the sol ool ri4ts aid state!''^''' '"''''"■''''^ ^y '^^ constitution of the th?\"7^-n °'"''^'' ''^"^^ U-^ited States, of the age of 21 years and upward, without di« servUude^'^v^io "'if ^i°[ °" ^0""«i' concUtlon'^f lntTKo";^^t^e.'"-^^ preceding any el.'LZ% t„?i^® legislative power of the state is vested in two branches; the one styled the Senate and both^'o'ether t^^e^^ °', KeP^-esentaUvel, and Tex The f LV. f ^egif'^ture of the state of „t1J'„ nn^ tuembers ot the House of Kenresent atives, 90 m number, are chosen for a term of two years, and must have resided n the ftate tlTeV.tf' ' r ^' "^ H'*^ ^«'^"ty or town"rom whfch they are chosen for one year next urecedinS their election. The Senators, 30 in number ail chosen tor six years. Those elected at the fl^t election were divided by lot into three cla^^et sefvte"A*'f'^r,""n*' "' "^^^^ '^"^"i"? ^he term of sei vice of the Governor elect. The Treasui-er eiVl Lan.f Offi":! ''''' Commissioner of thf K the elect on nt-n''''''^*"^''*^'^ '^V'^*^ ^'^"^e time of tne election ot the Governor, havino- the same qiuihflcations as the Governor. ° ® -I lie judicial power of the state is veotpd in fnferio? colirt^^""^.'' '"^ r>i«t"ct Courtslnd sucU itpd wt^,„ n^ '-"'It m.asistrates as may be cre- under^t^'^,f,,?,?j:.!^V5'^'S^, or by the Legislature coa- consti-i '--- the sent ju 4 thereof f^P^eme Court, unlesl^soral jua„e theieof, npon inspecting a transcinfc otthe record, believes that som'e error of hlw has been committed by the judge before whom the ease ,s tvi.d The'^Supr^me-Courrholds iS ally at the capital of the state. Tii,.r„; ^t • — ; V, '^'■'' '^"'^ enpirai oi tie state Ih/<^?*'' ?^ divided into judicial districts for each ot which one judge is appointed by the Governor, by and with the consent of the Sen- Co%t\'L^nT- °^^ ?ig'^t years. The ofstT^ct o.?^]}} 'J.as original jurisdiction of all criminal o^Jlf:. "^ ''^H eauses in behalf of tlie state to re- c.?Je« Pe"alties, forfeitures and escheats ; of all ^'^-^^l^^'^t ,hvovce; of -M suits to recover dam- Une tn''in^^'V''*''J'','?f ^'-1 ^"^its for the tri U™t title to land ; of all suits, when the matter in controversy amounts to $100. The District at^n'Vn'^f '^PPeHiite jurisdiction in cases or gin- ating in inferior courts, and original and exSlu- sive jurisd ction for the probate of wi is'T for inSof'l'e?to,'".f"S°^-e:"^rdians; forthe Irant- mg of letters of administration ; for the seltlina- of accounts of executors, adrainisti'itors anf guardians ; and for the transaction of allbusU ness appertaining to the estate of deceased ner-' sons minors, idiots and lunatics, Justfces of the Peace have such criminal and civil jur°3. ed i?un fl '" Proy-^^ed by law. Each co. s^divi- detl into Ave justices' precincts. lex. IS divKled into the following 165 coa • Anderson, Angelina, Aransas, Archer Atas- cosa, Austin, Bandera, BiistropT hay o? Bee, Bell Bexar Blanco, Bosqui, BoW Brazoria Brazos, irown, Buchanan, Bufleson' r.^i""^; ,' ^=^V^^^ell Calhou'n, Callahan, Cameion! Cass Chaiubers, Cherokee, Clay, Collnntui Col! in, Colorado, Comal, Comanchef Concho, cioke Duval, Eastlan.^EaW;;^;\^^inn'ao En' Elv^e^on'i'\'^^''^^'^*>'"^'"' i^=^yette, Fort Bend. Meestone Freo, Galveston, Gillespie, Goliad Gonzales, Gravsnn a.-PA^ (u.L.„ (-..;.^,„'. r^^^^'j"'- ei nor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State Coraptro ler of Public Accounts, treasurer' Commissioner of the General Land Office At' InsS«oir'"The"r^"^'"""''^'^^'^"^ofi'«b1ic insiiuction. ihe Governor and Lieutenant Governor are elected for four yeai^ Thel' must be 30 years of age, citizens of the VnlZ States and must have been residents and citi zens ot the state for three years immediatel v" ^:f^ft^^;'i-i'^!;i-:Jl^-etaJ^*^^[Si^ nolo T?„cTiV o 1 ■" ', "^^'^'^'^"'"•ocKwaii, itun- S,Vf' ^'^/'f' .Sabine, San Augustine, San .Jacinto f^ . ,F''^';^«^0' «''^" Saba, Shackletord, Shelby Smith Starr, Stephens, Tarrant, T vlor' Throckmorton, Titus, Travis, Trini'ty, iv er' Upshur, Uvalde, Van Zandt, Victoria, WaKer' Washington, Webb, Wharton, Wilbar-er Wil' lamson, VVilson, Wichita, Wise? Wood Y'ouncJ" /;ipata and Za valla. "wu, xoung, The state capital is Austin. The other citie« vme^'V^^"^""' "o^«40"' San AntonlorBrowns^ vine. .Jetrei'er>ii onfl ^XTnn^ ' ■"^-'""o and the Attorney-General areappo ntedby the v L V'S^^""' «oiJ«">n, &^^ ^...^^xo, ijrowr Qovernor, by and with the consent of the Sen vL^'Jj'^''^'^°'\^'"^^ T^'"'"'- 66 ^" ' Texas, tn. in Craighead co., Ark. Pop 18L. TEXAS. 882 THOMASTON. Tcfxas, tn. in St. Francis co., Ark. Pop., 710. Texas, p. o. in Union co., Dak. Ter. Texas, p. o. in Heard co., Ga. Texas, tn. in Dewitt CO., 111. Pop., 1,064. Texas, v. in Iroquois co.. 111., on the Iroquois R. Texas, p. o. in Washington co., Ky. Texas, V. in Baltimore co., Md. Pop., 640. Texas, tn. in Kalamazoo co., Mich. Pop., 1,109. Texas, co. in Mo., S. part. Pop., 9,618 ; in 1800, 6,0<)7. It is drained by the Gasconade and Current Rs. The surnice is mostly broken and hilly, forming part of the great Ozark region. The soil of the bottom-lands is high- ly productive. Iron and lead ores are abund- ant. Houston is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 51,778 bush.; rye, 4,087 bush.; Indian-corn, 256,2.5'2 bush.; oats, 29,876 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,318 bush.; sweet pot's, 318 bush ; tobacco, 44,.349 lbs.; butter, 67,231 lbs.; hay, 601 tons. Cash valne of farms, $1,008,853. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, inclu ling additions to stock, etc., $322,- 979. Value of manufactures, $91,164. Texas, tn. in Dent co.. Mo. Pop., 870. Texas, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., 4 mis. fi'oni Mexico Station. Pop., 150. Texas, p. v. in Henry co., Ohio, on Manmee R. and Wabash & Erie Canal, 3 mis. S. of Colton. Texas, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 566. Texas, p. o. in Lycoming co., Pa. Texas, v. in Lancaster co.. Pa., 25 mis. S. by E. of Lancaster. The p. o. is Lyles. Texas, tn. in Wayne co., Pa. Pop., 4,449. Texas, tn. in Marathon co., Wis. Pop., 284. Texas, p. o. in Tucker co., W. Va. Texas Bar, mining v. in Yuba co., Cal. Texas C'ity, p. o. in Saline co.. 111. Texas OeeU, p. o. in J?'remont CO., Colo. Ter. TexaM Ranch, p. o. in Bent CO., Colo. Ter. Texas Valley, p. o. in Cortland co., N. Y. Thairsbiirgta, v. in Manitowoc co.. Wis. Thaeher's CreeU, p. o. in Blount co., Ala. Tbaines Biver, in New London co.. Conn.; Is foiincnl by the confluence of the Quinebaug, Shelucket and Yantic Rs., near Norwich, and empties into Long Island Sound. The main stream is 15 mis. long, is navigable through- out and atlords a commodious harbor. Thackery, p. o. in Hamilton co.. 111. Thatcher's liandin^, p. o. in James co., Tenn. Thawville, p. o. in Iroquois co.. 111. Thaxton's, p. V. in Bedford co., Va., on the Virginia* Tennessee Division of the Atlan- tic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 30 mis. S. W. of Lynehburgh. Thayer, p. v. in Union co., Iowa, on the Bur- lingt07i & Missouri River R. R., 16 mis. W. of Osceola. Pop., 114. *Thayer, p. v. in Neosho co., Kans., on the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., 108 mis. S. of Lawrence. One newspaper. Thayer, new co. in Nebr., S. part. Area, 570 sq. mis. It borders in the S. on Kans., has an undulating surface, consisting chiefly of rich prairies, and is drained by the Little Blue R. and its affluents. Thayer, p. o. in York co., Nebr. Thayer sCorners, p. o. in Franklin co., N. Y. Thebes, tn. in Alexandria co.. 111. Pop., 473. Thebes, p. V. in the above tn., on the Missis- sippi R., 36 mis. above Cairo. The Corner, p. v. in Ulster co., N. Y., 22 mis. from Kingston. •The nalles, or Dalles City, p. v. and the CO. seat of Wasco co., Oreg., on the Columbia R., at tlio nrouth of Des Chutes R., 93 mis. E. of Portland. It lies near the eastern base of the Cascade Mts., has a large woollen mill, and is a place of considerable commercial im- portance. TheColuinl)ia K. bursts througli the great mountain chain below The Dalles, and a railroad has been constructed which connects its navigable portions above and below this obstruction. Pop., 942. The Forks, p. v. in Somerset co., Me., 46 mis. from fekowhegan. The Olen, p. o. in Warren co., N. Y. The Grove, p. v. in Cook co., 111., 3 mis. from Des Plaines. The Orove, p. o. in Caroline co., Va. The Hollow, p. o. in Patrick co., Va. The 3farrows, p. o. in Crawford co., Ark. Theological Seminary, p. o. in Fairfax co. Va., 3 mis. from Alexandria. The Plains, p. v. in Fauquier co., Va., on the Manassas Branch of the Oi-ange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 22 mis. W. N. W. of Manas- sas .Innction. Theresa, tn. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Pop., 2,364. Theresa, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Evatis' Mills. Pop., 798. Theresa, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 2,248. Theresa, p. v. in the above tn., 12i^ mis. from Horicon. The Rock, p. o. in Upson co., Ga. The Rock, p. o. in Mercer co., W. Va. The Square, p. o. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Thetford, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,260. Thetford, tn. in Orange co., Vt. Pop., 1,613. Thetford, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. W. of East Thetford. Thetford Centre, p. v. in Genesee co., Mich., 51^ mis. from Clio. Thetford Centre, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., 3]^ mis. from East Thetford. *Thibodeanx, p. v. and tlie co. seat of La Fourche parish. La., on Bayou La Fourche, 4 mis. N. W. of La Fourclie on the Louisiana & Texas R. R., and 56 mis. W. of New Orleans. Center of trade for cotton-growing and sugar- producing surroundings. Pop., 1,922. Two newspapers. Thienville, v. in Ozaukee co.. Wis., on Mil- waukee R. and on Milwaukee & Northern R. R., 15 mis. N. of Milwaukee. Has good water- power. Pop. about 2.50. Thlerse, p. o. in Stearns co., Minn. Third Creek, tn. in Gasconade co.. Mo. Pop., 1,028. Thivener, p. o. in Gallia co., Ohio. Thomas, co. in Ga., S. W. part, bordering on Fla. Area, 820 sq. mis. Pop., 14,,523 ; in I860, 10,766. The Ockloconee R. passes through the CO. and, with its affluents,drains it. The sur- face is low and level ; the soil sandy and but moderately productive. The Southwestern R. R. intersects the co. Thomasville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 70 bush.; rye, 109 bush.: Indian-corn. 248,618 bush.; oats, 58,962 bush.; Irish pot's, 1.392 bush.; sweet pot's. .58,187 bush.; cotton, 6,092 bales ; rice, 21,378 lbs.; butter, 31,467 lbs. Cash value of farms, $990,380. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,077,804. Value of manufactures, $.54,877. Thomas, new co. in Kans., N. W. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. It has a rolling surface and a pro- ductive soil. Being covered with prairies it is well adapted for stock r.aising. The Saline R., North and South Forks of Solomon R. and Prairie DogCr. rise in this CO., which is also drained by Prairie Dog Cr. Thomas, tn. in Butler co., Mo. Pop., 654. Thomas, p. o. in Harrison co., Mo. Thoinasborongh, p. o. in Champaign co.. 111. Thomas' Run, p. v. Harford co., Md., I914 mis. fi-oin Edgewood. Thomas Station, p. o. in Bullock co., Ala. *Thomaston, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., near Plymouth and on the Naugatuck R. R., C)\-i mis." N. of Waterbury. Thomaston, p. v. and the co. seat of Upson CO., Ga., at S. \V. terminus of Upson County R. R., 59 mis. by rail W. of Macon. Pop., 630. Two newspapers. Thomaston, tn. in Knox co.. Me. Pop., 3,092. ^Thomaston, p. y. in the above tn., on the St. THOMASTON. 883 THREE MILE BAY. George R. and on the Knox & Lincoln R. R., 12 mis. from the ocean. Has large interests In quarryingand shipping limestone and lime. Location of Maine State Prison. Thomastou, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., 697. Thoniastown, p. o. in Leake co., Miss. Thomastown, p. o. in Summit CO., Ohio. Thomasville, p. v. and the co. seat of Thom- as CO., Ua.. on the Atlantic & Gnlf K. R., at S. terminus of the Albany Branch of same, 200 mis. S. W. of Savannah. Center of trade for cotton, wool and sugar-producing section. Pop., 1,G51. One newspaper. ThomasvlIIe, p. o. in Cowley co., Kans. Thoniasville, p. v. in Oregon co., Mo., 6 m.ls. from Alton. '■^Tliomasville, p. v. in Davidson co., N. C, on the North Carolina Division of the Richmond & Danville R. R., 71 mis. from Charlotte, Va. Pop., 214. Thoinasville, p. o. in York co.. Pa. Thoinasville, p. o. in Cheatham co., Tenn. Thompson, tn. in Pike co.. Ark. Pop., SfiS. Thompson, tn. in Windham CO., Conn. Pop., 3,S()4. Thompson, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. from the station on the Boston,. Hartford & Erie R. R., 7 mis. from Douglas. It has manufacto- ries. Thompson, newco. in Dak. Ter., central part; extends on both sides of the Dakota R., which flows through it from N. to S., and is drained by Snake R. and other affluents of the Dakota R. The surface is rolling and consists mostly of prairies. Thompson, tn. in Jo Daviess co., 111. Pop., 800. Thompson, tn. in Guthrie co., Iowa. Pop., 671. . Thompson, p. o. in Audnbon co. Iowa. Thompson, p. o. in Smith co., Kans. Thompson, tn. ia Carlton co., Minn. Pop., It;.'}. Thompson, tn. in Sullivan co., N. Y., Pop., 3,514. Thompson, tn. in Seneca co., Ohio. Pop., 2,070. Thompson, tn. in Geauga co., Ohio. Pop., i,o;).i. Thompson, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Madison. Thompson, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 866. Thompson, tn. in Siisquehanna CO., Pa. Pop., 701. Thompson, p. v. in the above tn., on the Jef- ferson Branch of the Erie R. R., 14 mis. from Susquehanna. Thompson, tn. in Fulton co.. Pa. Pop., 649. Thompson, p. o. in Washington co.. Wis. Thompson Ridge, p. o. in Orange co., N. Y. Thompson's Creek, tn. in Ellsworth co., Kans. Pop., 444. Thompson's Cross Roads, p. o. in Louisa CO., Vii. Th<>mpson's Station, p. v. in Williamson co., Tenn., ou the Nashville & Decatur R. R., 9% mis. S. of FrankUn. Thompsontown, p. borough in Jnniata CO., Pa., on till' Juniata R., the Pennsylvania Canal and Ponnsyhania R. R., 5 mis. W. of Mill TSiowii. Pop., 2S0. Thnmpsonvillo, p. o. in Carroll co.. Ark. *ThoMipsonvtHe, p. v. in Hartford co.. Conn., on ihs Connecticut R. and the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 414 mis. N. of Wind- sor. ThompsonTille, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ky. Thr mpsonville, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Thtinipsonvillc, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. C. Thompson ville. p. v. in Washington co., Pa., 13 nils, from Pittsburgh. Tbompsouville, p. o. in Gonzales co., Tex. ThompsonTille, p. v. in Racine co.. Wis., 12, mis. from Racine. Thomson, tn. in McDnffle co., Ga. Pop., 1,274. Thomson, p. v. and the co. seat of McDufBe CO., Ga., on the Georgia R. R., 38 mis. W. of Augusta. Pop., 369. Two newspapers. Thomson, p. v. in Carroll co., 111., on the Mis- sissippi R. and the Western Union R. R., 10 mis. S. of Savanna. Pop. about350. One news- paper. Thomson, p. o. in Clarke co., Ky. Thomson, p. v. in Carlton co., 'Minn., at tho Falls of the St. Louis R. and on the Minnesota Division of the Northern Pacific R. R., 23 mis. W. S. W. of Duluth. Pop., 163. Thom's Run, p. o. in Greene co., Pa. Thornapple, tn. in Barry CO., Mich. Pop., l,7!).i. Thornbnrg'h, p. o. in Spottsylvania co., Va. Thornbury, tn. in Delawareco., Pa. Pop., 990. Thornbnry, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 235. Thornbury, p. o. in the above tn. Thorn Creek, p. o. in Nez Perces co., Idaho Ter. Thorn Creek, tn. in Whitiej' co., Ind. Pop., 1,343. Thorndale Iron Works, p. o. in the v. of Thorndale in Ciiester co.. Pa., on the Pennsyl- vania R. R., 214 '"Is. W. of Downingtown. Thorndlke, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 730. Thorndike, p. o. in the above tn. Thorndlke, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., 3 mis. N. of Palmer. Thorndike, p. o. in Cabell co., W. Va. Thorndike Station, p. o. in Waldo co., Me. Thorne. tn. in Perry co., Ohio. Pop., 1,729. Thorn Grove, p. o.in Knox co., Tenn. Thorn Hill, p. o. in Marion co.. Ala. Thorn Hill, p. o. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Thorn Hill, p. o. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Thorn Hill, p. o. in Granger co., Tenn. Thornhill. p. o. in Orange co., Va. Thornleig'h, p. o. in Pettis co.. Mo. Thornport, v. in Perry co., Ohio, on the Straitsville Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 11 mis. S. of Newark. Thornton, tn. in Cook co.. 111. Pop., 2,222. Thornton, p. v. in the above tn., on the Chi- cago, Danville & Vincennes R. R..25 mis. from Chicago. Pop., 301. Tliornton, p. v. in St. Clair co., ]\Iich., on the Chicago & Lake Huron R. R., 10 mis. froia Port Huron. Pop. about 7.5. Thornton, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 840. Thornton, p. o. in the above tn. Thornton, p. o. in Delaware co., Pa. Thornton, p. o. in Limestone co., Tex. Thornton, p. v. in Taylor co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 5}4 mis. E. of Grafton. Thornton's Ferry, p. o. in the v. of Thorn- ton's, in Hillsborough co., N. H., on the Mer- rimac*R. and the Concord R. R., 6 mis. from Nashua. *Thorntown, p. v. in Boone co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Favette R. R., 38 mis. N. AV. of Indianapolis and'lO N. W. of Lebanon, the CO. seat. Pop., 1,526. One news- paper. Thorn ville, p. v. in Lapeer co., Mich., 10 mis. from Lapeer. Thornville, p. v. in Perry co., Ohio, IJ^ mle. S. of Thornport. Thorongrhfare, p. o. in Prince William co., Va. Three Bridjs^es, p. v. in Hunterdon co. , N. J., on the South Branch of the Central K. R. of New Jersey, 3}/, mis. E. of Flemington. Three Creeks,"p. o. in Union co., Ark. Three tirove, p. o. in Cass co., Nebr. Three Locusts, p. o. in Marion 00., Ohio. Three Mile Bay, p. v. in Jetferson co., N. Y., on Lake Ontario and near the Watertown June- tion Branch of the Rome, Watertown & Og- densburgh R. R., SJ^ mis. vVest of Chaumont. Pop., 417. THREE NOTCH. 884 TIMBERVILLE. Three Notch, p. o. in Bullock co., Ala. Three Oaks, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., ],.".if;. ♦Three Onks, p. v. in the above tn., on the Michipran Central R. R., 7 mis. E. of New Buf- falo. Pop., 499. Three Rivers, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., ori Athol & Enflokl R. R. and New London Northern R. R., 3 mis. N. W. Of Palmer. *Three Rivers, p. v. in St. Joseph co., Mich., at the junction of St. Joseph, Rocky and Portage Rs. and on the Air Line Division of the INIichigan Central R. R. at crossing of the Kalamazoo Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 5 mis. W. of Centre- ville. the co. seat. Has line water-power and growing manufacturing interests. Pop., 1,189. One newspaper. Three Runs, p. o. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Three Spring's, p. o. in Hart co., Ky. Three Spring's, p. borough in Huntingdon CO., Pa., 14 mis. from Mount Union. Pop., 189. Three Tons, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., 2U mis. from Penllyn. Throop, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,302. Throopville, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Auburn & Port Byron R. R.,31.^ mis. N. of Au- burn. Pop.,12(J, Thruston, p. o. in Rockingham co., Va. Thurlow, p. V. in Delaware co.. Pa., near the Di-!aware R. and on the Philadelphia, Wil- mington & Baltimore R. R., 2 mis. S. W. of Chester. Thnrnian, tn. in Warren CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,084. Thnrinan, p. v. in the above tn., on Adiron- dack R. R., 36 mis. N. of Saratoga. Starting point for summer tourists among the Adiron- dacks. Thurman, p. o. in the v. of Centreville, in G:illia CO., Ohio. H mis. from PortlantonTlllc, p. V. in Lake co., Tenn., on the Mississippi 11., 20 mis. from Troy. Tiptown, ]). o. in Monroe co.. 111. Tirade, p. o. in Walworth co.. Wis. Tiro, ]>. o. in Crawford co., Ohio. Tisbnry, tn. in Dukes co., Mass. Pop., 1,536. Tisilalc, 1). V. in Cowley co., Kans. Ti!>4lioiningro, p. o. in Chickasaw Nation, Ind. Ter. Tishomingo, co. in Miss., forming the N. E. extremity of the state. Area about 3.50 so. mis. Pop., 7,350; in 1860, 24,149. The Tennes- see R. forms the north-eastern boundary and Big Bear Cr. partly the eastern. The surface is rolling and the soil productive. The west- ern parts of this co. were set off to Alcorn and Prentiss cos., hence the apparently great decrease of the population. luka is "the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,329 bush.; rye, 71 bush.; Indian corn, 188,836 bush.; oats, 6,048 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,H49 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,587 bush.; cotton, 1,397 bales; butter, 94,627 lbs. Cash value of farms, $486,172. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $524,188. Value of manufactures, $140,120. Tlskilwa, p. v. in Bureau co.. 111., on the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 8 mis. W. of Bureau Junction. Pop., 761. Tittlbawassce, tn. in Saginaw co., Mich. Pop., SlU. Tittibawassee River, a tributary of the Saginaw R. in Mich.; rises in Ogemaw co., has a southerly course and joins the Saginaw above the city of Saginaw. Tltas, CO. in Tex., N. E. part. Area, 520 sq. mis. Pop., 11,3:» ; in 1860, 9,648. The surface consists of rich prairie land. The Sulphur Fork of Red R. forms the entire northern boundary and Big Cypress Cr. most of the southern. White Oak Cr. passes tHxough the N. part, emptying into the Sulphur R. Mount Pleasant is the co. seat. Agr. i>roductions in 1870: Wheat, 274 bush.; rye, 9 bush.; Indian- corn, 382.029 bush.; oats, 5,632 bush.; Irish pot's, 5.378 bush.; sweet pot's, 48,343 bush.: cotton, 7,0.39 bales; butter, 7,950 lbs. Cash value ot farms, $1,1.33,072. Total, estimated, value of all farm iirodnctions, including additions to stock, etc., $899,135. Value of manufactures, $82,470. Titnsville, p. o. in Volusia co., Fla. Titusville, p. o. in Ripley co., Ind. Titusville, p. v. in Mercer co., N. J., on the Belvidere Division of Pennsylvania R. R., 5 mis. S. of Lambertvillc. Pop. about 800. *Tltusvllle, city in Crawford co.. Pa., on Oil Cr. and on Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., at S. \V. terminus of Dunkirk, Alleghany Valley & Pittsburgh R. R., and S. terminus of Union & Titusville R. R., 18 mis. N. of Oil City. The city has liad a remarkably rapid growth, owing" to its situation in the Heart of the oil regions of the state. Its interests in the production and refining of petroleum are very large, and it is one of the prominent centers of this industrj*. Pop. in 1850, 243 ; in 1860, 438; in 1870, 8,639. Six newspaper", of ■which the "Courier" and "Herald" are dailies. Tiverton, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio, top., 804. Tiverton, tn. in Newport CO., R. I. Pop., 1,898. Tiverton, p. v. in the above tn., on Nan-agan- set B., V/i mle. S. of Tiverton Station ; has cotton mills and other manufactories. Tiverton Four Corners, p. v. in Newport CO., R. I., 6 mis. S. of Tiverton Station. Tiverton Station, in Newport co., R. I., on the Old Colony R. R., 4 nils. S. of Fall River. Tivoli, p. o. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Tlvoll, p. v. in Blue Earth co., Minn., 7 mis from Mankato. Tivoli, p. V. in Dntchess co., N. Y., on th( Hudson R. and Hudson River R. R., 4 mis. N of liarrytown. Pop , 452. Tivoli, p. V. in Lycoming co.. Pa., 2 mis. from ]\Inney Station. Tiwappity, tn. in Scott co.. Mo. Pop., 580. Toad Vine, p. o. in Jeffei'son co., Ala. Toano, p. v. in Elko co., Nev., on Central Pa- cific R. R., 182 mis. W. of Ogden ; supply point for the mining regions N. and S. of it. Pop., 400. Toano, v. in Lander co., Nev., on the Central Pacific R. R., 82 mis. N. W. of Ogden, Utah Ter.; is tlie transfer point for passengers and freight going to Boise City and Idaho City in Idaho Ter. and the mining districts of S. W. Utah Ter. Toano 9Ionntalns, a range in the E. part of Lander co., N(!V., trending N. and S.; he E. of the Goshnte Desert. Tobacco Port, p. o. in Stewart co., Tenn. Tobacco Stick, p. v. in Dorchester co., Md., 12 mis. from Cambridge. Tobin, tn. in Perry co., Ind. Pop., 2,345. Tobinsport, v. in Perry co., Ind., on the Ohio R., opposite Clovenport, Ky. Toboso, p. o. in the v. of Black Hand, in Lick- ing CO., Ohio, on the Central Ohio Division of tlie Baltimore and Ohio R. R., lOj^ mis. E. of Nf^wark. Toboxy, p. o. in Choctaw Nation, Ind. Ter. Toboyne, tn. in Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 914. Toby, tn. in Clarion co., Pa. Pop., 1,140. Tobyhanna, tn. in Monroe co.. Pa. Pop., 477. Tobyhanna Mills, p. o. in the v. of Toby- hanna, in Monroe co.. Pa., on the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 26 mis. N. W. ot Stroudsburgh. Toccoi, !>. o. in St. John's co , Fla. Toccopola, p. V. in Pontotoc co., Miss., 15 mis. troni Pontotoc. Tocoa River, a small tributary of the Hia- TODD. 887 TOLL GATE. wassee R.; rises in Union co., Gra., and flows N. W. throusli Polk co., Tenn. Todd, CO. in Dak. Ter., S. part. Pop., 337. It occupies the fork between tbe Missouri and Niobrara Ks., which unite at its eastern ex- tremity, and is intersected from W. to E. by the Ponka R., a tributary of the Missouri. The river valleys contain fertile bottoms ; the uplands consist of prairies. Fort Randall is the CO. seat. Todd, CO. in Ky., S. W. part. Area, 3.i0 sq. mis. Pop., 12,612; in 1860, 11,575. The surface is rolling ; the soil fertile. The co. is drained by Klk and Pigeon Roost Crs., and intersected by Nashville, Memphis & St. Louis R. R. and St. Louis & Southeastern R. R. Elkton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 178,837 bush.; rye, 875 bush.; Indian-corn, 445,- 275 bush.; oats, 57,375 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,819 bush.; sweet pot's, 13,490 bush.; tobacco, 2,620,- 1 193 lbs.; butter, 65,260 lbs.; hav, 1,633 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,923,969. " Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $983,833. Value of manufactures, $160,351. Todd, CO., in Minn., W. central part. Area, 1,008 sq. rals. Pop., 2,036; in 1860, 430. The surface is undulating and includes numerous small lakes, the largest of which is Osakis Lake in the S. W. corner. Tliis lake is drained by the Long Prairie R., the lai-gest stream of the co. and a tributary of the Crow Wing R. The Northern Pacific R. R. inter- sects the N. E. corner of the co. Long Prai- rie is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 15,907 bush.; Indian-corn, 3,814 bush.; oats, 18,012 busli.; Irish pot's, 13,736bush.; but- ter, 25,683 lbs.; hay, 3,339 tons. Cash value of farms, $219,370. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $71,672. Value of manufactures, $2,950. Todd, tn, in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 1,156. Todd, tn. in Fulton co.. Pa. Pop., 634. Todd, tn. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Pop., 781. Todd, p. o. in the above tn. Todd's, p. <). in Morgan co., Ohio. Todd's Point, p. v. in Shelby co., 111., 13 mis. N. of Shelbyville. Todd's Point, p. o. in Shelby co., Ky. Todd's Valley, p. v. in Placer co., Cal., 9J^ mis. N. E. of Clipper (iap. ToddsTille, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 214 nils, from Cooperstown. Toddville, p. o. in Upshur co., Tex. Toennia, p. o. in Schuyler co.. Mo. Totiickon, p. o. in Bucks co,. Pa. Token Creek, p. v. in Dane CO., Wis., 2 mis. from Winilsor, Toland's Prairie, p. o. in Washington co., Wis. Toledo, tn. in Tama Co., Iowa, Pop., 1,.579. *Toledo, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 2 mis. from Tama City on the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. f'op., 888. One news- paper. Toledo, tn. in Chase co,, Kans, Pop,, 368. Toledo, p. V. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Ameilcus. *Toledo, city, port of entry and co. seat of Lucas CO., Ohio, on the W. bank of Maumee R., opposite the mouth of Swan Cr., 4 mis. from Lake Erie, and on the Wabasli & Erie Canal, 134 mis, N. N. W. of Columbus and 66 mis. S, S. W. of Detroit. The site of Toledo was originally two distinct settlements culled Port Lawrence and Vistula, which afterward became two business centers, known as the upper and lower landings. The former is ele- vated, and from it a fine view of the bay and lake is had. The city is substantially' built and contains many handsome residences, fine schools and churches and commodious public and business structures. The river is a wide estuai'y, affording one of the finest harbors oa the lake, A low island above the city known as the " Middle Ground," and containing soroe 50 acres, has by judicious expenditure of im- mense sums of money been redeemed and covered with freight "warehouses, grain ele- vators (there are 9 of these in tlie citv, the least of which has a storage capacity of 125,000 bush.) and railroad depots. Toledo is the outlet of the most extensive canal system on. the continent. The Toledo & Wabash Canal extends from this city down the Wabash and White River Valleys to the Ohio R. at Evans- ville, Ind. Intersecting this canal at Defiance, 50 mis. S. W. of Toledo, is the Miami CanaL which traverses the valley of the Great Miami R., and joins the Ohio at "Cincinnati, Thus a system of over 700 mis. in extent and traver- sing the richest agricultural sections of two states pours its treasures into the city. This commerce is further aided by numerous lake steamers and craft which distribute the cere- als to eastern ports and bring the city into trade connection with all the important lake shore cities and towns. Toledo is on tbe Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., at the junc- tion of the Michigan Southern & Nortliern In- diana Divisions, at E. terminus of Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., at S. terminus of Toledo & Detroit R, R. and at N. terminus of Dayton & Michigan R. R. The manufacturing interests of the city are large and varied, em- bracing tobacco factories, manufactories of edge tools, saws, flies, sash, doors and blinds, agricultural implements, steam boilers and engines, carriages, etc., etc. The money inter- ests are represented by four national "lianks, three savings institutions and a number of private banks. The city was incorporated In 1836. Pop. in 1840, 1,322 ; in 1850, 3,829 ; in 1860, 13,768 ; in 1870, 31,584, of whom 20,485 were na- tives of the United States and 11,099 foreign born. Sixteen newspapers are published here, of which the "Blade," "Commercial," and "Express " are dailies and weeklies. Toledo, p. o. in Benton co., Oreg. Toledo, p. o. in Fayette co., Tex. Tolerance, p. o. in Eflflngham co., 111. Tolersville, p. v. in Louisa co., Va., on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 56 mis. W, of Rich- mond. Pop. about 150, Tolesboroug'h, p. o. in Lewis co., Ky. Toleston, p. V. in Lake co., Ind., on the Pitts- burgh, Port Wayne & Chicago R. R. and the Michigan Central R, R., 14i^ mis. W. N, W, of Valparaiso, Tolland, co, in Conn., N. part. Area about 440 sq. mis. Pop., 22,000; in 1860, 21,177. It borders in the N. on Mass., and is drained by the Willimantic and Hop Rs. The surface ib broken and generally elevated. The eastern part of the co. is hilly and rises into a sei-ies of ranges. The co. is"intersected by the New London, Northern & Hartford R. R, and the Hartford, Providence & Fishkill R. R. Tolland is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 879 bush.; rye, 15,860 bush,; oats, 76,574 bush.; Indian-corn, 101,721 bush.; Irish pot's, 189,403 bush.; tobacco, 531,399 lbs.: butter, 386,- 763 lbs.; hav, 40,,320 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,308,423. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,654,198. Principal products of industry : Woollen goods, $5,019,814 ; silk goods, $1,283,400; cotton goods, $1,072,530. Total value of manu- factures, $8,907,739. Tolland, tn. in Tolland co.. Conn. Pop., 1,216. Tolland, p. v. in the above tn, and the co, seat ; beautifully situated on an elevated plain about 3 nils. W. of West Williiigton on the New London Northern R. R. Tolland, tn, in Hampden co., Mass, Pop., 509. Tollnnd, p, v. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Russell. Toll Bridge, p. o. in Ouachita parish. La. Toll Gate, p. o. in Ritchie co., W. Va. TOLONA. TOPEKA. Tolona, p. o. in l^ewls co., Mo. Toloiio, tn. in Champaign CO., 111. Pop., 1,413. *Tolono, )). V. in the above tn., on the Chicago Bxaneh of the Illinois Central R. R. and the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 9 mis. S. of Champaign. Pop., 777. Tom, In. in Benton co., Mo. Pop., 799. Toinali, tn. in Monroe co.. Wis. Pop., 1,666. *Toiiiah, p. V. in the above tn., on the La Cros^se Division of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Panl R. R., at S. terminus of W^isconsin Valley R. R., 42 mis. E. N. E. of La Crosse. Has trade in agricultural products and lumber. Pop., 837. One newspaper. Toniali, p. o. in Red River co., Tex. Toniiiliuwk. tn. in Searcy CO., Ark. Pop., 719. Tomahawk Springs, p. o. in Berkeley co., W. Va. Tomalcs, tn. in Marin CO., Cal. Pop., 1,121. Tomalos, p. v. in the above tn., near Tomales B., 31 mis. N. \V. of San Rafael. Tomales Bay, in ^Nfarin co., Cal.; extends into the land in a south-easterly direction, and lies jn the direct line of the valley of the Tokelu- ma Cr. TombN Run, p. o. in Lj^coming co.. Pa. Tomhaiiiiock, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., 3 mis. fiom Schaghtieoke-. Tomkiali, ]). o. in Mendocino co.. Cal. Tomkiii'o., Md., 29 mis. from Fotlenilslmrgli. I'op., 272. Trappe, i). \. in Montgomery CO., Pa., 2 mis. W. of Collegeville. Trask, p. o. in Grant co., Ind. Trask, p. o. in Tillamook co., Greg. Traveller's Repose, p. o. in Pocahontas co., W. Va. Traveller's Rest, p. o. iu Coosa co., Ala. Traveller's Rest, p. o. in Ow.sley co., Ky. Traveller's Rest, p. o. in Greenville district, s. c. Tra vers des Sionx, p.v. in Nicollet co., Minn., 2 mis. from St. Peter. Traverse, tn. in Grand Traverse co., Mich. Pop., 1,275. Traverse, co. in Minn., W. part. Area about 690 sq. mis. Pop., 13. It is bounded on the W. by Lake Traverse, which separates it from Dak.'Ter., and intersected by RaVjbit R. and other affluents of this lake. The surface is roll- ing and consists mostly of prairies. The main line of the St. Paul & Pacific R. R. intersects the N. E. corner of the co. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 300 bush.; Irish pot's, 400 bush.; hay, 100 tons. Cash value of farms, $400. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to .stock, etc., $1,000. *TraverseCity, p. v. and the co. seat of Grand Traverse co., Mich., at S. extremity of Grand Traverse B., 125 mis. N. ot Grand Rapids. One newspaper. Traverse, tn. in Nicollet co., Minn. Pop., 537. Travis, co. in Tex., central part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 13,1.53; in 1860, 8,080. The surface is mostly hilly and the soil fertile. The Colo- rado R. intersects the co. from N. W. to S. E. and drains itwith numerous affluents. Aus- tin, the state capital, is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 667 bush.; vye, 425 bush.; IndJan.corn,4i)8,710bush.; oats, 1,110 bush ; Irish pot's, 168 bush.; sweet pot's, 88,- 210 bush.; cotton, 16,769 bales; butter, 56,792 lbs.; hay, 42 tons. Cash value of farms, .$1,897,- 960. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,221,946. ^'alue of manufactures, $464,626. Travis, p. o. in Austin co., Tex. Travisville, p. o. in Fentress co , Tenn. Traylorsville, ]). o. in Henry co., V^a. Treasure City, p. o. in White Pine co., Nev. TredytTrin, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,897. TresfO, CO. in Kans., W. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 166. The surface is rolling and the soil rich, though not cultivated. The co. is inter- sected from E. to W. by Saline B., Big Cr. and Smoky Hill Fork of the Kansas 11. The Kan- sas Pacific R. R. passes through the co. Trcinont, tn. in Tazewell co., 111. Pop., 1,365. Tremont, p. v. in the above tn., on the Indian- apolis, Bloomington & Western R. R., 9 mis. E. ofPekin. Pop., 437. Tren«ont, p. o. in Washington co., Kans. Treinont, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 1,822. Tremont, p. v. iu the above tn., 27 mis. from lOUsworth. Tremont, p. o. in Itawamba co.. Miss. Tremont, tn. in Jiuchanan co., Mo. Pop., 1,106. Tremont, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the New York & Haiclem R. R., 8 mis. N. of New York. Pop., 2,02o.* Tremont, p. v. in Clark co., Ohio, near the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R., 5% mis. N. of Springfield. Pop., 218. Tremont, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 754. Tremont, p. borough in the above tn., on the Lebanon & Tremont 11. R. and the Union & Good Spring R. R., 7 mis. N. of Pine Grove and 31 N. ol Lebanon. Surrounded by productive coal mines. Pop., 1,709. One newspaper. Trempealeau, co. in Wis., W. part. Area, 800 sq. mis. Pop., 10,732; in 1860, 2,560. The sur- face is diversified ; the soil productive. Trem- pealeau R. intersects the central part from E. to W., forms part of the W. boundary and empties into the Mississippi R., which" sepa- rates the CO. from Minn. Galosville is the co. TREMPEALEAU. 891 TREVORTON JUNCTION. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 516,194 bush.; rye, 9,734 bush.; Indian-corn, 141,275 bush.; oats, -241.403 bush.; Irish pot's, 47,699 bush.; butter, 341,043 lbs.; hay, 18,794 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,-256,870. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $895,446. Value of manufactures, $179,278. Trempealeau, tn. in Trempealeau cc. Wis. Pop., -iiOSO. *Treiupeateaa, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississippi K. and the Winona Branch of the Milwatiltee & St. Paul R. R., 20 mis. N. N. W. of La Crosse. Pop. about 1,000. One news- paper. Trent, p. V. in Muskegon co., Mich., 19 mis. from Coopersville. Trenton, p. v. in .Jackson co., Ala., 9 mis. N. W. of Larkinsville. Trenton, p. o. in Phillips co.. Ark. Trenton, p. v. and the co. seat of Dade co., Ga., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. R., 18 mis. S. W. of Chattanooga. Pop., 223. Trenton, v. in Bureau co.. 111., on the Illinois R. and the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 26 mis. VV". of Ottawa. *Trenton, p. v. in Clinton co.. 111., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 30 mis. E. of St. Louis. Pop., 948. Trenton, v. in Knox co., 111., on Spoon R. Trenton, p. o. in tlie v. of Huntsville, in Ran- dolph CO., Ind., 9 mis. from Winchester. Trenton, tn. iu Henrj' co., Iowa. Pop., 1,435. Trenton, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. K. AV. of Mt. Pleasant. Trenton, p. o. in Labette co., Kans. Trenton, p. v. in Todd co., Ky., on the Evans- ville, Henderson & Nashville R. R., 16 mis. from Hopkinsville. Pop., 221. Trenton, p. v. in Ouachita parish. La., 20 mis. W. of Monroe. Pop., 429. Two newspapers. Trenton, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. Trenton, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 678. Trenton, p. v. in Wayne co., Mich., on the De- troit R. and Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 18 mis. S. of Detroit. Trenton, \t. o. in Freeborn co., Minn. TrcBiton, p. o. iu Smith co.. Miss. ' Trenton, tn. in Grundy co.. Mo. Pop., 2,934. ♦Trenton, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Southwestern Division of the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 20 mis. N. of Chillicothe. Location of railroad machine shops. Has local trade and some manufacto- ries. Pop., 920. Two newspapers. •Trenton, city, co. seat of Mercer co., and capital of the state of N. J.; is situated on the E. bank of the Delaware R., at the head of navigation, 30 mis. N. N. E. of Philadelphia and 57 S. W. of New York. The site-of the city is a moderately rolling ground ; the plan is in the main regular ; the built-up portion is com- pact and handsome. The street of fashion- able residences is State Street, which runs parallel with the river. It is crossed at right angles by Main Street, which is the leading business thoroughfare, and is lined with sub- stantial structures. The city has flue school buildings and churches, and the most notable public buildings are the State House on State Street, a modest stuccoed stone building, 100 by 60 feet, commanding a fine view ot the river ; the State Lunatic Asylum, founded in 1848 ; the State Penitentiary, State Arsenal, State Normal Schools and the county build- ings in S. Trenton. The city is divided into two unequal portions (Trenton and S. Tren- ton) by the Assunpink Cr. Besides the com- mercial outlet atlorded by the river, Trenton is on the line of the Delaware & Raritan Canal, which connects the Delaware with the Hud- son, and is navigable for imrigged vessels of several hundred tons burden. It is intersect- ed at this place by a navigable feeder running 23 mis. northward. The city is also on the line of the New York Division of the Pennsyl- vania R. R., at S. terminus of Belvidere Divi- sion of same and at N. terminus of Trenton Branch of Amboy Division of same. Two sub- stantial bridges sjian the river here. Its com- mercial position is therefore commanding and its trade active. The falls in the river alford flue water-power, and the manufacturing in- terests of the city are large and varied, em- braciiig paper mills, iron foundries, rolling mills, noui' mills, axe and wire factories, raan- ufactoriesl of engines and steam boilers, saw mills and potteries, the latter including some of the largest manufactories of stoneand delf ware in the country. Trenton was settled about 16S0 by Phineas Pemberton and named (1720) in honor of Col. Wm. Trent. It became the capital of the state in 1790, and was incor- porated in 1792. The city and vicinity abound in revolutionary associations. Pop. in 1840, 4,035 ; in 1850, 6,461 ; in 1860, 17,228 ; in 1870, 22,874, 17,855 of whom were natives of the Cnited States and 5,019 foreign born. It is the loca- tion of a fine state and citj' library containing rare selections of books, and has ten newspa. pers, of which the "Emporium," "Evening Argus," "State Gazette," "State Sentinel and Capital," and " True American " are dailies and weeklies. Trenton, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 3,156. Trenton, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Utiea & Black River R. R., 16 mis. N. of Utica. Pop., 244. Trenton, p. v. and tbe co. seat of Jones co., N. C, on Trent R., 8 mis. S. of Tuscarora. Trenton, p. v. iu Butler co., Ohio, on the Cin- cinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., 9 mis. N. E. of Hamilton, the co. seat. Pop., 340. Trenton, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 907. Trenton, v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio., on the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 6 mis. S. W. of Urichville. The p. o. is Tusca- rawas. Pop., 292. *Trenton, p. v. and the co. seat of Gibson co., Tenn., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 56 mis. S. by E. of Columbus, Ky., and 130 mis. W. of Nashville. Seatof two colleges. Has several manufactories and an active local trade. Pop., 1,909. Two newspapers. Trenton, v. in Cumberland co., Va., 50 mis. W. of Richmond. Trenton, tn. in Pierce co.. Wis. Pop., 304. Trenton, p. v. in the above tn., near the Mis- sissippi R., opposite to Red Wing, Minn. Trenton, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 1,735. Trenton, tn. in Washington co., Wis. Pop., 2,035. Trenton Falls, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on West Canada Cr. and near the Utica & Black River R. R., near Trenton. The creek here flows through a very picturesque ravine, and makes a series of cascades, with an aggi'egate descent of 312 feet in 2 mis. The wonderful beauty of the scenery has made it a famous resort for travelers and pleasure-seekers. Pop., 128. Trent River, tributary of tbe Neuse R. in N. C; rises in Lenoir co., flows E. through .Jones CO. and empties near New Berne. Tresckow, p. v. in Carbon co., Pa., on the Beaver Meadow Branch of the Lehigh Vallej'' R. It., 3 mis. S. W. of Beaver Meadows. Trescott, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 603. Tres Pinos, p. o. in Monterey co., Cal. Trevillian's Depot, p. v. in Louisa co., Va., on the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 9 mis. E. of Gordonsville. Pop. about 200. *Trevorton, p. v. in Northumberland co.. Pa., on the Mahanoy & Shamokin Division of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 7J^ mis. W. of Shamokin. Trevorton Junction, v. in Northumberland CO., Pa., on the Susquehanna R., opposite Port Trevorton, and at the junction of the TREXLERTOWN. 892 TROUP. Northern Central R. R. with the Mahanoy & Shamokin Branch of the PhiUnlelphia & Read- ing R. R., 11 mis. S. of Sunbury. It is near Herndon. Trexlertown, p. v. in Lehigh oo., Pa., on the Catasauqua & Fogelsville R. R., 12 mis. W. of Catasauqua. Pop. about 300. TreEevaiit, p. v. in Carroll co., Tenn., on the Louisville & Memphis liine of the Louisville, Nashville & Great Southeru R. R., 58 nils, from Paris. Pop. about 400. Triadelphia, p. o. in Montgomery co., Md. Triadelphia, p. o. in ;Morganco., Ohio. Triatlelphla, tn. in Logan co., W. Va. Pop., S41. Triadelptaia, tn. in Ohio co., "W. Va. Pop., 2.141. Tria(IcI|>liia, p. v. in the above tn., on the Henipfield R. R., GJ^ mis. E. of Wheeling. Pop., 239. Triana, p. o. in Madison co., Ala. Triaiig-le, tn. in Broome co., N. Y. Pop., 1,944. Triang'le, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. E. of Whitney's Point. Pop., 273. Tribe's Hill, p. v. in Montgomery co., N. Y., on the Mohawk R. and New York Central R. R.. ,5^ nils. W. of Amsterdam. Pop., 365. Tribulation, p. o. in McDonald co.. Mo. Iritis-: eo. in Ky., S. W. part. Area, 525 sq. mis. Pop., 13,08(; ; in ]8()0, 21,051. The surface is hilly ; the soil moderately productive. Iron ore and limestone are found. The co. is bounded W. by the Tennessee R. and drained by the Cumber- land R., which intersects it. Cadiz is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 99,371 bush.; rye, 1,250 bush.; Indian-corn, 589,820 bush.; oats, l*5,114bush.; Irish pot's, 14,805 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,832 bush.; tobacco, 3,(314,363 lbs.; butter, 83,305 lbs.; hav, 534 tons. Cash value of farms, ^(1,880,044. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,080,483. Value of manufac- tures. *240,f)35. Tri^s; Furnace, p. o. in Trigg co., Ky. Trimble, co. in Ky., N. part. Area about 3,50 sq. nils. Pop., .5,577 ; in ISfiO, 5,880. The Ohio R. forms the northern and western bounda- ries, and the Kentucky R. the eastern. The surface is undulating and t)ie soil of the wide bottoms productive. Bedford is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 31,848 bush.; rye, 2,088 bush.; Indian-corn, 209,0(>0 bush.; oats, 38,210 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,647 bush.; sweet pot's, 237 bush.; tobacco. 658.465 lbs.; butter, 24,370 lbs.: hay. 1,268 tons. Cash value of farms, ijil,191,.509. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $369,062. Value of manufactures, $5,512. Trimble, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,379. Trimble, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. from Athens. Pop., 81. Trim Belle, tn. in Pierce co., AVis. Pop., 633. Trim Belle, p. o. in the above tn. Trinidad, tn. in Klamath co., Cal. Pop., 374. Trinidad, p. o. in the above tn. ♦Trinidad, p. v. and the co. seat of Las Ani- mas CO., Colo. Ter.,onLas Animas R., 130 mis. S. of Kit Carson on the Kansas Pacific R. R. Pop., .562. One newspaper. Trinit.v, co. in Cal. N. part. Area, 2,400 sq. mis. Pop., 3,213 ; in 1860, 5,12.5. The surface is covered with chains of mountains, conijiosed of granite and auriferous slates, the sidrs of which liave been eroded into deep giilclu's and canons. The arable land is mostly con- fined to the valley of Trinity R. and its'atilu- ents. Trinity anil Salmon Mts. bound the co. on the E. and Scotts.Mt. on the N. Gold min- ing is the pri'icipal pursuit. Weaverville, in ' the valley of Trinity R.. is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 9,898 bush.; rye, 20 busli.; liuliau-eorn, 795 bush.; oats, l,4(i0 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,6.58 bush.; butter, 8,820 lbs.; hay, 1,017 tons. Cash value of farms, $78,650. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $88,- ■325. Value of manufactures, $64,232. Trinity, p. o. in Trinity co., Cal. Trinity, p. v. in Catahoula parish. La., on Ouachita R., 12 mis. from Harrisonburgh. Trinity, co. in Tex., E. part. Area, .575 sq. mis. Pop.. 4,141 ; in 1860, 4,392. The surface is level and the soil fertile. Trinity R. bounds it on the S. W. and Neches R. on the N. E. Both streams drain the co. with numerous small affluents. The Houston & Great North- ern R. R. passes through the western part from S. to N. Sumpter is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 94,240 bush.; oats, 220 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,826 bush.; .sweet pot's, 31,083 bush.; cotton, 2,205 bales ; butter, 48,260 lbs. Cash value of farms, $172,214. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $:i23,020. Trinity, p. v. in Trinity co., Tex., on the In- ternational <& Great Northern R. R., 85 mis. N. of Houston. Trinity Centre, p. o. in Trinity co., Cal. ♦Trinity €olle};e, p. v. in Randolph co., N, C, 5 mis. from Thomasville. Trinity Slills, p. o. in Dallas co., Tex. Trinity Mountains, a range in W. Nev.; bounds the Humboldt River Sink on theN. W. Trinity, or Shasta, Mountains, one of the highest of the Cal. Coast Ranges ; trend N. and S. and separate Trinity co. from Shasta and Tehama cos. They bear peaks of over 6,000 feet in elevation above the sea level. The highest is Mt. Bailey (6,357 feet). Trinity River, one of the largest streams in Tex.; is formed by the confluence of Elm Fork and West Fork, .3"mls. above Dallas, in Dallas CO.: flows S. S. E. and empties into the mn-th- ern extremity of Galveston B. It is about 600 mis. long, and always navigable for steam- boats to Litierty, 90 nils, above the bay. In the raiiw seasons boats ascend 250 mis. and more. The river intersects a highly ijroduc- tive region. Trinity Springs, p. v. in Mai-tin co., Ind., near White R., 4 mis. N. E. of Dover Hill, the CO. seat. Trinity Station, or Trinity, p. v. in Mor- gan CO., Ala., on the Memphis & Charleston K. R., 30 mis. from Huntsville. Pop. about 500. Trion, v. in Tuscaloosa co., Ala., 20 mis. from Tuscatoosa. Trion, p. o. in Jefl'erson co., Tenn. Trion Factory, p. v. in Chattooga co., Ga., 20 mis. from Resaca. Tripoli, p. v. in Bremer co., Iowa, 15 mis. N. E. of Waverly. Tripp, iMjw CO. in Dak. Ter., S. part ; borders on Neb., and has an undulating surface, consisting largely of prairies. The N. W. cor- ner is intersected by the South Fork of White R.; the S. part of the co. by the K(!ya Paha R. Trippville, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Triumph, p. v. in La Salle co.. 111., 6 mis. from Mendota. Triune, p. v. in Williamson co., Tenn., 15 mis. from Franklin. Trivoli, tn. in Peoria co.. 111. Pop., 1,234. Trivoll, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Oak Hill. Trostvillc, p. o. in Saginaw co., Mich. Trotwood, p. V. in Montgomer.v co., Ohio, on the Dayton & Western R. R. aiid the Davtou & Union R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Dayton. Pop., 42. Troublesome, p. o. in Rockingham co., N. C. Troup, eo. in Ga., W. part. Area, 420 sq. mis. Pop., 17,632 ; in 1860, 16,262. It borders on the state of Ala. and is traversed by the Chatta- hoochie R. and its tributaries Yellow Jacket Cr., Maple Cr. and Flat Shoal Cr. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The Atlanta & West Point R. R. intersects the co. TROUP. 893 TROY. La Grange is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 26,645 bush.; rye, 126 bush.; In- dian-corn, 16-2,946 bush.; oats, 34,514 busli.; Irish pot's, 3,594 bush.; sweet pot's, '29,-290 bush.; cot- ton, 9,963 bales; butter, 38,-205 lbs.; hay, 384 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,571,308. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding adilitions to stock, etc., $1,2'20,715. Value of manufactures, $.556,452. Troiip, p. V. in Smith co., Tex., 17 mis. S. E. of Tvlcr. Troupsbur^ti, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y.Pop., •2,-2Sl. Troiipsbar^h, p. v. in the above tn., 21 mis. W. of Addison. Pop., 105. Trousdale, new co. in Tenn., JST. part. Area about 150 sq. mis. It was formed of parts of Sumner, Smith and Macon cos. The nortliern part is elevated and rolling ; the southern low, level and exceedingly productive. The Cumberland R. flows through the co. from E. to \V. Ilartsville is the co. seat. Trout Creek, p. v. in Meagher co., Mont. Ter., 30 mis. from Diamond City. Trout Creek, p. v. in Delaware co., N. Y., 10 mis. from Unadilla. Troutman's, p. o. in Iredell CO., N. C. Troutona, p. o. in Clinton co.. Pa. Trout River, p. v. in Franklin CO., N. Y., 11 mis. from filalone. Trout Run, p. v. in Lvcoming co.. Pa., on the Northern Central R. "R., 16 mis. N. E. of Wil- liamsport. Trout Run, p. o. in Hardy co., W. Va. Troutsvllle, p. o. in Botetourt co., Va. Troutville, p. v. in Clearfield co., Pa., 24 mis. W. of Clearfield. Trowbritlge, tn. in Allen co., Mich. Pop., 1,337. Troxclville, p. o. in Snyder co.. Pa. *Troy, p. V. and the co. seat of Pike co., Ala., at present S. \V. terminus of the Mobile & Girard R. R., 84 mis. S. W. of Columbus, Ga., and 50 S. S. E. of Montgomerj'. Has a large cotton trade. Pop., 1,058. One newspaper. Troy, p. o. in Drew co., Ai-k. Troy, tn. in Mississippi co.. Ark. Pop., 350. *Troy, p. V. in Madison co., Ill.,^n the St. Louis, Vandalia, Terre Haute & Indianapolis R. R., 19 mis. N. E. of St. Louis. Pop. about 1,500. Troy, tn. in Will co., 111. Pop., 918. Troy, tn. in De Kalb CO., Ind. Pop., 600. Troy, tn. in Perry co., Ind. Pop., 6,086. Troy, p. V. in the above tn., on the Ohio R. near mouth of Anderson Cr. and 30 mis. below Rome. Pop., 480. Troy, tn. in Fountain co., Ind. Pop., 3,156. Troy, tn. in Whitley co., Ind. Pop., 894. Troy, p. V. in Davis CO., Iowa, 12 mis. from Bloomfleld. Troy, tn. in Clarke co., Iowa. Pop., 420. Troy, tn. in Iowa co., Iowa. Pop., 862. Troy, tn. in Monroe co., Iowa. Pop., 2,490. Troy, tn. in Wrigiit co., Iowa. Pop., 248. *Troy, p. V. and the co. seat of Doniphan co., Kans., on the Atchison & Nebraska R. R. at crossing of the St. Joseph & Denver City R. R., 16 mis. AV. of St. Joseph. A trading tn. surrounded by coal deposits. Pop., 639. Two newspapers. Troy, p. o. in Woodford co., Ky. Troy, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 1,201. Troy, p. V. in the above tn., 11 mis. from Burn- ham Village. Troy, tn. in Oakland CO., Mich. Pop., 1,541. Troy, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. of Royal Oak. Troy, p. V. in Winona co., Minn., 8 mis. from St. Charles. Troy, p. V. and the eo. seat of Lincoln co., Mo., 15 mis. N. E. of Warrenton and 55 N. W. of St. Louis. Has active produce trade. Coal mines in the vicinity. Pop., 703. Two news- papers. Troy, p. o. In Nye co., Nev. Troy, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 767. Troy, p. V. in the above tn., on the Cheshire R. R., 32 mis. S. S. E. of Bellows Falls. *Troy, city, and co. seat of Rensselaer co,, N. Y., on the E. bank of the Hudson R., 6 mis. N. of Albany and 148 N. of New York city. Its site at the head of navigation on the R. is a low alluvial plain, overlooked on the E. and N. by bold blufl"s, two of ■which bear the classical names of Mt. Ida and Mt. Olympus. Except along the river front the streets are regular, and in t,l;e main are wide and compactly built. The river thoroughfares are mostly devoted to com- merce, while those farther back are lined with fashionable dwellings. The length of the city exceeds 3 mis. and its width 1 mle. Tlie architecture is as effective as that of much larger cities. The charitable institu- tions are represented by the commanding structui'cs of the Troy Hospital, Marshall In- firmary, Orphan Asylum and Warren Free Institute ; the scholastic institutions by the finely appointed Rensselaer Polytechnic In- stitute, the Troy Academy, the Female Semi- nary, St. Peter's College (Catholic), and other fine school structures. The church archi- tecture finds its best types in St. Paul's and St. .John's ehui-ches (Episcopal) and in the Old Presbyterian Church, in the Grecian style. The Court House is a beautiful marble build- ing, of Doric architecture. The hotels are numerous, capacious and hospitable. Semi- nary and Washington parks ornament differ- ent parts of the city. The commercial facili- ties of the city are excellent. By way of the Hudson it is "in connection with New York and other Atlantic ports, while by the Cham- plain and Erie Canals, which here first touch navigable waters, it is brought into contact with the lakes of the N. and N. W. Its rail- road connections are of still greater import- ance. It is the virtual N. terminus of the Hudson River R. R., the S. terminiis of the Troy & Boston R. R., the S. E. terminus of the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R. and E. terminus of the Troy & Schenectady Branch of New York Central R. R. The city is possessed of ample water-power by means of the Hudson R. and Poestenkilland Wynantskill Crs. This power, amply supplemented by steam, capital and energy, lias given to Troj' a national, if not a world-wide, celebrity as "a manufactur- ing center. This interest covers almost the Avhole domain of industry, but prominent is the production of flour, paper, cotton and woollen goods, leather, beer, raw and rolled iron, Bessemer steel, castings, machinery, engines, boilers, nails, stoves, cars, brushes, stoneware, carpets, etc., etc., representing an employed capital of nearly $12,000,000, with $15,000,000 of materials consumed and $28,000,- 000 of products. The city is connected with West Troy (which see), oil the opposite side of the R.^ by means of a bridge and ferries. Troy was incorporated as a village in ISOl, and as a city in 1816. Its poi)ulation in 1820 was 5,264 ; in 1830, 11,405 ; in 1850, 28,785 ; in 1860, 39,- 232 ; in 1870, 46,46.5, of whom 30,246 were natives of the United States and 16,219 foreign born. Eight newspapers are published here, of which the "Press," " Times " and "Whig" are dailies. Troy, p. V. and the co. seat of Montgomery co., N. C, 38 mis. N. N. W. of Rockingham. *Troy, p. V. and the co. seat of Miami co., Ohio, on Miami R. and Canal and on the Cin- cinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., 28 mis. N. of Dayton. Has manufacturing interests and large local trade with a rich agricultural sec- tion. Pop., 3.005. One newspaper. Troy, tn. in Wood CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,057. Troy, tn. in Ashland co., Ohio. Pop., 757. Troy, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,830. TEOY. 894 TUFTONBOROUGH. Troy, tn. in Delaware co., Ohio. Pop., 800. Troy, tn. in Geauga co., Oliio. Pop., 832. Troy, tn. in ^forrow co., Ohio. Pop., 69(i. Troy, tn. in Hichland co., Ohio. Pop., 830. Troy, tn. in Brartford co., Pa. Pop., 1,479. *Troy, p. borough in the above tn., on the Northern Central R. li., 25 mis. S. of Klmira, N. Y., and in the midst of a rich agricultui-al region. Has active local trade. Pop., 1,081. One newspaper. Troy, V. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Troy, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pop., 983. ♦Troji, p. V. and the co. seat of Obion co., Toiin.; l(J mis. VV. of Troy Station, at junction of Memphis & Paducah witli Mobile & Ohio U. 11., and 63 mis. S. of Paducah. Pop., 500. One newspaper. Troy, tn. in Orleans CO., Vt. Pop., 1,35.5. Troy, p. o. in the above tn. Troy, tn. in Gilmer co., W. Va. Pop., S67. Troy, p. o. in the above tn. Troy, tn. in St. Croix co.. Wis. Pop., 812. Troy, tn. in Walworth co.. Wis. Pop., 1,176. Troy, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. from Troy Centre. Troy, tn. in Sauk co.. Wis. Pop., 99.5. Troy Centre, p. v. in Waldo co., Me., 6 mis. N. E. of Unity. Troy Centre," p. o. in Crawford co., Pa. Troy Centre, p. o. in Walworth co.. Wis. Troy Grove, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,.t01. Troy Grove, p. v. in the above tn.,6mls. from Mendota. Troy Mills, p. o. in Linn co., Iowa. Troy ]tlill<4, p. o. in Adair co.. Mo. Troy Station, p. o. in Obion co., Tenn. Troy's Store, p. o. in Randolph co., N. C. *TrucUee, p. v. in Nevada co., Cal., on Truckee R. and on the Central Pacific R. R., 120 mis. E. N. E. of Sacramento. The surroundings are highly picturijsqne and finely timbered and the lumber trade is important. Seatof several manufactories. Supply point for locations N. and S. Pop. about 700. One newspaper. Truckee Liake, lies in Nevada co., Cal., on the Sierra Nevada, and is drained by the Lit- tle Truckee R. fruckee 9Ica. It is drainetl by the JMalioningand Gran>'. ^l^. and intersected by the I'ennsyl- vania & ')hio Canal, the Atlantic &, Great Western It. R. and the Malioning Branch of the Fitiiilurgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R. Warrjn ^s Ihe co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870 1 W \ivt, 113,476 bush.; rye, 1G,22.S bush.; '.nd.aaotxji, 383,662 bush., oats, 4.33,407 bush.; Iris'vyct'k 1.55,912 bush.; sweetpot's. lOlbusli.; JU' jtr, U %581 lbs.; hay, 69,481 tons. Cash value of farms, jil6,677,276. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $2,757,736. Value of manufactures, i!)5,113,915. Trumbull, tn. in Ashtabula co., Ohio. Pop., 1,084. Trumbull, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. fi:om Geneva. Trumbull Corners, p. o. in Tompkins co., N. Y. ' Trundle's Cross Roads, p. o. in Sevier co., Tenn. Trunkeyvllle, p. o. in Forest co.. Pa. Truro, tn. in Knox co.. 111. Pop., 899. Truro, p. o. in the above tn. Truro, tn. in Barnstable co., Mass. Pop., 1,269. Truro, p. v. in the above tn., on Cape Cod B., 18 mis. from Orleans. Truo, tn. in Franklin co., Ohio. Pop., 1,866. Trussville, p. v. in Jefl'erson co., Ala., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. R., 44 mis. S. W. of Attalia. Pop. about 75. Truxton, p. o. in Bureau co., Ill, Truxton, p. v. in Lincoln co., Mo., 15 mis. N. N. W. of Warrenton. Truxton, tn. in Cortland co., N. Y. Pop., 1,618. *Trnxton, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 11 mis. from Cortland. Pop , 314. Tryon, p. o. in Polk co., N. C. Tryonville, p. v. in Crawford co., Pa., on the Oil Creek & Alleghany River R. R., 19}^ mis. S. of Covry. Tualitin, p. o. in Washington co., Oreg. Tubac, p. V. in Pima co., Ariz. Ter., on the Santa Cruz R., 50 mis. S. of Tucson. Pop., 178. Tubal, tn. in Union co.. Ark. Pop., 351. Tuckahoe, p. v. in Cape May co., N. J., 5 mis. N. of Woodbine. Tuckahoe, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the New York * Harlem R. R., 17 mis. N. of New York. Pop. about 200. Tuckahoe, tn. in Henrico co., Va. Pop., 3,.339. Tuckaleechee Cove, p. o. in Blount co., Tenn. Tnckasasa, v. in Mecklenburgh co., N. C. Tucker, 3r. in W. Va., N. E. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 1,907 ; in 1860, 1,428. It is in- tersected by the Cheat R. and its tributaries. The surface is very broken and mountainous. Several ranges of the great Alleghany chain pass tlirougii the co. from S. to N. St. George is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : AVlieat, 1,469 bush.; rye, 1,294 bush.; Indian- corn, 27,813 bush.; oats, 14,726 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,0S3bush.; butter, 26,769 lbs.; hay, 1,498 tons. Cash value of farms, iji361,970. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $95,403. Value ot manufactures, $16,760. Tucker, tn. in Wirt co., W. Va. Pop., 540. Tucker's Creek, p. o. in Wirt co.. W. Va. Tucker's Cross Roads, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. Tucker's Gap, p. o. in Wilson co., Tenn. Tucker's Mills, p. o. in Limestone co., Tex. Tuckcrsville, p. o. in Morgan co.. Mo. Tuckerton, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J., on Little Egg Harbor, at S. terminus of Tucker- ton R. R., 281^ mis. S. of Whitings. Boat building and hshing are carried on. Pop., including tn., 1,779. Tuckerton, p. v in Berks co., Pa., near the Schuylkill Navigation Cunal and on the Phila- delphia & Reading R. R.. 5 nds. N. of Reading. ♦Tucson, p. v., the eo. seat of Pima co., Ariz. Ter., and the territorial capital, on Santa Cruz R. and on proposo TYE RIVER DEPOT. TY TY. Va.; rises on the E. side of the Blue Ridge, in Nelson co., and flows in a south-easterly- direction. Tye River Depot, p. v. in Nelson co., Va., on the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 22 mis. N. E. of Lyncliburgh. Tygart's Valley River, a braneh of the Monongahela R.; rises in the Greenbrier Mts. of Rantlolpli CO., W. Va.; flows N. through a highly picturesque valley between Rich Mt. and Cheat Mt., then intersects Barbour and Tyler cos., and joins the West Fork of the Monongahela in Marion co. Tyler, p. o. in Winnebago ec, 111. Tyler, In. in Hickory co., Mo. Pop., 1,285. Tyler, co. in Tex., E". part. Area, S.W sq. nils. Pop., 5,010 : in 1860, 4,.525. The surface is low ; the soil very fertile. Xeches R. passes through the N. part and then forms part of the E. boundary. Angelica R. forms the remainder of the fi. boundary. "Woodville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Indian-corn, 121, 723 busU.; Irish pot's, 493 bush.; sweet pot's, 41,580 bush.; cotton, 2,236 bales; butter, 19,540 lbs. Cash value of farms, $250,806. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $372,- 175. Value of manufactures, $8,375. Tyler, p. v. and the co. seat of Smith co., Tex., 90 mis. W. of Shreveport, La., in a stock rais- ing and agricultural region. Pop., 1,750. Three newspapers. Tyler, tn. in Charles Citj' co., Va. Pop., 1,919. Tyler, co. in W. Va., N. W. part. Area about 425 sq. mis. Pop., 7,832 ; in 1860, 6,517. It is bounded on the N. W. by the Ohio R., and drained by Little Island Cr. and other small streams. The surface is undulating or rolling and the soil of the valleys productive. Mid- dlebourne is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 41,262 bush.; rye, 2,316 bush.; Indian-corn, 157,302 bush.; oats, 42,480 bush.; Irish pot's, 21,159 bush.; sweet pot's, 228 bush.; butter, 108,080 lbs.; hay, 4,365 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,781,480. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $382,653. V'alue of manufac- tures, $132,878. Tyler's, p. o. in Brown co., Kans. Tyler's, p. o. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Tylersburgh, p. v. in Clarion CO., Pa., 14 mis. from Tionesta. Tyler's Port, p. v. in Montgomery co., Pa., 5V^ nils, from Sellersville. Tylcrsville, p. o. in Clinton co.. Pa. Tylersvillc, p. o. in Laurens disti-ict, S. C. Tylcrville, p. o. in Middlesex co.. Conn. Tymochtee, tn. in Wyandot co., Ohio. Pop., • 1,631. Tymochtee, p. o. in the above tn. Tyiier, p. o. in Hamilton co., Tenn. Tyiicr City, p. o. in the v. of Tyner, in Mar- shall CO., Ind., on the Chicago, Cincinnati & Louisville 11. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Plymouth. Tyng^sborongli, tn. ia Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 629. Tyngsborongli, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. 11., 8 mis. from Nashua. Tyraiig-a, tn. in Crittenden co., Ark. Pop.. 150. Tyre, p. v. in Sanilac co., Mich., 16 mis. W. of Forestville on the shore of Lake Huron. Tyre, tn. in Seneca co., N. Y. Pop., 1,280. Tyre, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. from Seneca Palls. Tyrinsbaiii, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 557. Tyrlngham, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Lee. Tyro, p. o. in Poweshiek co., Iowa. Tyro, p. V. in Marshall co., Miss., 20 mis. S. W. of Holly Springs. Tyrone, p. v. in Monroe co., Iowa, on the Bur- lington & Missouri River R. R., 9 mis. W. of Albia, the co. seat. Pop.. 50. Tyrone, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 730. Tyrone, v. in the above tn., on the Grand Rapids, Newaygo & Lake Shore R. R., 19 mis. N. of Grand Rapids. Tyrone, tn. in Livingston co., Mich. Pop., 1,222. Tyrone, p. o. in the above tn. Tyrone, tn. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Pop., 830. Tyrone, tn. in Schuyler co., N. Y. Pop., 1,993. Tyrone, p. v. in the above tn., 8i^mls. W. of Watkins. Tyrone, p. o. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Tyrone, tn. in Blair co., Pa. Pop., 1,006. ♦Tyrone, p. borough in Blair co.. Pa. Beauti- fully situated on Juniata R., at mouth of Little Bald Eagle Cr., and on the Pennsyl- vania R. R., at S. W. terminus of Bald Eagle Division of same, and S. terminus of Tj^rone & Clearfield Division of same, 14 mis. N. E. of Altoona. Has large trade in the mineral, lumber and cereal products of the cos. to the N. Pop., 1,840. Two newspapers. Tyrone, tn. in Adams co., Pa. Pop., 1,009. Tyrone, tn. in Fayette co.. Pa. Pop., 2,276. Tyrone, tn. in Perry co.. Pa. Pop., 4,287. Tyrong-ia, tn. in Cross co.. Ark. Pop., 80. Tyronza, p. o. in Cross co.. Ark, Tyrrel, co. in N. C, E. part. Area about 360 sq. nils. Pop., 4,173 ; in 1860, 4,944. It borders in the N. on Albemarle Sound, and in the E. on the Alligator R. Almost the entire sur- face is occupied by a portion of the great Al- ligator Swamp. Columbia is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 737 bush.; Indian-corn, 105,308 bush.; oats, 2,418 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,097 bush.; sweet pot's, 22, M4 bush.; cotton, 507 bales; butter, 2,324 lbs. Cash value of farms, $215,896. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $188,260. Value of man- ufactures, $33,.539. Tyson Furnace, p. v. In Windsor co., Vt., 5 mis. N. of Ludlow. Tyson's Grove, p. o. in Yellow Medicine co., Minn. Tyson's Mills, p. o. in Webster co., Iowa. Ty Ty, p. o. in W orth co., Ga. T7 BET. 899 UlsCASVILLE. U. U Bet, p. o. in Bell co., Tenn. Tehee, p. v. in Russell co., Ala., 7 mis. N. of Hatchechubbee. TTdell, tn. in Appanoose co,, Iowa. Pop., 907. Udinn, p. v. in Kane co., 111., 4 mis. W. of El. Value of manufactures, $167,731. Union, p. v. in Union co., Oreg., 13 mis. E. by !-. i)f La Grande, tbe co. seat. Union, co. in Pa., central part. Pop., 15,565 ; in 1860, 14,145. It borders in the E. on the Sus. quehanna R. and is drained by several small affluents of that stream, as White Deer Cr., Buffalo Ci\ and Penn's Cr. The White Deer Mt. trends along tbe northern boundary of tbe CO., tbe Kittatinny, Buffalo, Short and Jack's Mts. extend into it from the W. Tbe eastern part of tbe co. consists of fertile val- leys. Lewisburgb is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 262,639 bush.; rye, 6,- 217 bush.; oats, 318,154 bush.; Indian-corn, 297,- 513 bush.; Irisb pot's, 75,374 bush.; sweet pot's, 592 bush.; butter, 262,936 lbs.; bay, 19,542 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,891,977. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,195,362. Value of manufactures, $1,288,692. Union, tn. in Adams co., Pa. Pop., 1,105. Union, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 1,986. Union, borough in Alleghany co.. Pa., a few mis. S. VV. of Pittsburgb. Pop., 1,335. Union, tn. in Bedford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,791. TTnion, tn. in Berks CO., Pa. Pop., 2,165. Union, tn. in Centre co., Pa. Pop., 847. Union, tn. in Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop., 400. Union, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pop., 622. Union, tn. In Erie co., Pa. Pop., 1,334. Union, borough in the above tn, (See Union. City.) Union, tn. in Fulton co.. Pa. Pop., 424. Union, tn. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Pop., 789. Union, tn. in Jeflerson CO., Pa. Pop., .595. Union, v. in Lancaster co., Pa. (See Union Station.) Union, tn. in Lawrence co.. Pa. Pop., 1,434. Union, tn. in Lebanon co.. Pa. Pop., 1,614. Union, tn. in Luzerne co.. Pa. Pop., 1,637. Union, tn. in Mifflin co., Pa. Pop., 1,469. Union, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 1,110. Union, tn. in Snyder CO., Pa. Pop., 1,091. Union, tn. in Tioga co.. Pa. Pop., 1,098. Union, tn. in Union co.. Pa. Pop., 840. Union, tn. in Washington co.. Pa. Pop., 1,418. Union, p. o. in York co.. Pa. Union, district in S. C, K. part. Area about .500 sq. mis. Pop., 19,248; in 1860, 19,6;». Broad R. forms the eastern boundary and the En- noree R. t,he south-western. They unite at tbe south-eastern corner of the co. Tiger R. and Pacolet R. drain it. Tbe surface is roll- ing and tbe soil productive. The Spartan- burgh & Union R. R. passes through tbe co. Unionville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 36,286 bush.; Indian-corn, 314,981 bush.; oats, 18,491 bush.; Irish pot's, 4,086 bush.; sweet pot's, 30,610 bush.; cotton, 8,.537 bales ; butter, 92,094 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,235,951. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,207,112. Value of manufactures, $318,076. Union, or Unionville, p. v. and tbe co. seat of the above district, at S. E. terminus of Spar- tanburgh & Union R. R., 25 rals. S. E. of Spar- tanburgb. Pop., inclusive of tn., 2,845. One newspaper. Union, co. in Tenn., N. E. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 7.605; in 1860, 6,117. Pow- ell's R. forms the N. W. boundary and Clinch R. flows through tbe co. from E. to W. The S. E. portion is traversed by tbe Clinch Jits, and tbe Copper Ridge. Tbe soil of the val- leys is productive, while tbe uplands are well adapted to grazing. Maynardsville is tbe co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : ^Vb('at, 29,615 bush.; rve, 735 bush.; Indian-corn, l()S,.i79 bush.; oats, 69.'799 bvtsb.; tobacco, 14,169 lbs.; butter, 53,470 lbs.; bay, 992 tons. Cash value of farms, $i)04,320. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $505,.506. Value of manufactures, $70,025. Union, p. o. in Maury co., Tenn. Union, p. v. in Salt Lake CO., Utah Ter., 12 mis. S. by E. of Salt Lake City. Union, tn. in Barbour co., W. Va. Pop., 1,382. UNION. 903 UNION SPRING. Vnloii, tn. in Cabell co., W. Va. Pop., 977. Union, tn. in Clay co , W. Va. Pop., •134. ITnion, tn. in Grant co., W. Va. Pop., 1,033. Union, tn. in Hari-ison co , VV. Va. Pop., 1,720. Union, tn. in Jackson CO., W. Va. Pop., 1,830. Union, tn, in Kanawha co., W. Va. Pop., 2,449. Union, tn. in Lincoln CO., W. Va. Pop., 468. Union, tu. in Marion co., W. Va. Pop., l,73t). Union, tn. in JNlarsball co , VV. Va. Pop., 2,742. Union, tn. in Mason co., W. Va. Pop., 1,084. Union, tn. in Monongalia co., "VV. Va. Pop., 1,01S. Union, tn. in Monroe CO., W. Va. Pop., 1,676. *Union, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, 18 nils. S. VV. of White Sulphur Springs. Has active produce trade. Location of popular mineral springs. Pop., 419. Three newspa- pers. Union, tn. in Pendleton co., W. Va. Pop., 1,280. Union, tn. in Pleasants co., W. Va. Pop., 338. Union, tn. in Pi-eston co., vV. Va. Pop., 1,395. Union, tn. in Pocahontas co., \V. Va. Pop., 1,330. Union, tn. in Putnam CO., W. Va. Pop., 676. Union, tn. in Kandolph co., VV. Va. Pop., 340. Union, tn. in Ritchie co., W. Va. Pop., 2,152. Union, tn. in Taylor co., \V. Va. Pop., 966. Union, tn. in Tyler co., W. Va. Pop., 1,085. Union, tn. in iJpshur co., W. Va. Pop., 1,176. Union, tn. in Wayne co., W. Va. Pop., 1,690. Union, tn. in Wood co., W. Va. Pop., 1,362. Union, tn. in Crawford co.. Wis. Pop., 348. Union, tn. in Door co., Wis. Pop., 294. Union, tn. in Rock co.. Wis. Pop., 2,145. Union, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. of Evansvitle. Union, tn. in Pierce co., Wis. Pop., 266. Union, tn. in V^ernon co.. Wis. Pop., 506. Union, tn. in Waupaca co.. Wis. Pop., 211. Union Bridge, p. v. in Carroll co., Md., on the Western Maryland R. R., lli^ mis. W. of Westminster. Pop., 323. Unionbnrgli, p. o. in Harrison co., Iowa. Union Camps, p. o. in Macon co., Tenn. Union Centre, p. o. in Cumberland co., 111. Union Centre, p. o. in Jackson co., Iowa. Union Centre, p. v. in Howard co., Kans., on Elk R., 12 mis. N. W. of Elk Falls. Union Centre, p. o. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Union Centre, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., 4 mis. N. of Union. Union Centre, p. o. in Juneau co.. Wis. Union Cburcli, p. v. in Jefferson co.. Miss., 13 nnls. E. S. E. of Fayette, the co. seat. Pop., 120. Union Church, p. o. in Albany co., N. Y. Union Cliurch, p. o. in Waukesha co.. Wis. *Union City, p. v. in Randolph co., Ind.,on Indianapolis & Chicago Division of the Pitts- burgli, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., at cross- ing of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R. and at N. terminus of Day- ton & Union R. R., 9 nils. E. of Winchester and 35 mis. N. N. W. of Dayton. Has import- ant manufacturing interests and is the center of an active trade. The v. lies partly in Darke CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,439. Two newspapers. Union City, tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 578. Union City, p. v. in Branch co., Mich., on St. Joseph R. at head of navigation, and on the Air Line Division of the ^Iichigan Central R. R., 115 mis W. S. W. of Detroit. Has large trade with rich agricultural surroundings. Pop. about 1,200. One newspaper. *Union City, p. borough in Erie co., Pa., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., the Atlantic & Groat Western R. R., and at N. terminus of Union & Titusville R. R., 11 mis. W. of Corry and 25 mis. N. of Titusville. Pop., 1,500. One newspaper. Union City, tn. in Obion co., Tenn. Pop., 2,479. *Union City, p. v. in Obion co., Tenn., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R. at crossing of Xashville & Northwestern R. R., 26 mis. S. of Columbus, Ky. Has fine agricultural surroundings and seat of an active local trade. One newspaper. Union Corner, p. o. in Korthumberland co.. Pa. Union Cross Roads, p. v. in Union parish, La., 18 mis. fi'om Farmersville. Union Cross Roads, v. in Gloucester eo., N. J. Union Dale, p. v in Susqiiehanna co.. Pa., on the Jetferson Branch of the Erie R. R., 27 mis. S. S. E. of Susquehanna Depot. Pop. about 200. Union Deposit, p. v. in Dauphin co.. Pa., on the Union Canal, 2 mis. N. W. of Swatara Sta- tion. Union Depot, p. o. in the v. of Union, in Sul- livan CO., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, Vir- ginia & Georgia R. R., 21 mis. N. N. E. of Jonesborough. Union Falls, p. o. in Clinton co., N. Y. Union Flat, p. o. in Stevens co., Wash. Ter. Union Forg-e, p. o. in Lebanon co.. Pa. Union Furnace, p. o. in Patrick co., Va. Union Cirove, tn. in Whitesides co., 111. Pop.i 1,070. Union Cirove, p. v. in the above tn., on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R, R., 3% nils. N. W. of Morrison. Union Urove, p. o. in Grant co., Ind. Union i. Upper Dublin, p. o. in the v. of Wissahickon, in the above tn., on the North Pennsylvania R. 11., (i% mis. N. W. of Shoemakertown. Upper Fairfleld, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 770. Upper Falls, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., 11 mis. N. \V. ot Magnolia. Upper Falls, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt., 7 mis. E. N. E. of Cavendish. Upper Falls of Coal, p. o. in Kanawha co., VV. Va. Upper Freehold, tn. in Monmouth co., N. J. Pop., 3,040. Upper Gloucester, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., 3 mis. N. by W. of New Gloucester. Upper Grove, p. o. in the v. of Amsterdam, in Hancock co., Iowa, 15 mis. S. of Concord, the CO. seat. Upper Kanover, tn. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pop., 2,197. Upper Hunting Creek, v. in Caroline co., Md. Upper Jay, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y., lOJ^ mis. S. of Au Sable Porks. Upper liafave, tn. in Yell eo., Ark. Pop., 715. Upper lieacock, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 1,901. Upper Liehigh, p. v. in Luzerne eo.. Pa., on the Nescopee Branch of the Lehigh & Susque- hanna R. R., 8 mis. W. by S. of White Haven. Upper Liisle, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., 5 mis. N. of Whitney's Point. Pop., 247. Upper Lioutre, tn. in Montgomery co., Mo. Pop., 2,458. Upper Macopin, p. o. in Passaic co., N. J. Upper 9Iacungie, tn. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Pop., 3,0ul. Upper Sladawaska, p. o. in Aroostook co., Me. Upper Mahantango, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 701. Upper Mahantango, p. o. in the above tn. Upper Iflahanoy, tn. in Nortliumberlandco., Pa. Pop., 878. Upper Wakefield, tn. in Bucks co.. Pa. Pop., 1,505. Upper Marlborough, p. v. and eo. seat of Prince George's co., Md., on the Pope's Creek Branch of the Baltimore & Potomac R. R., 17 mis. S. E. of Washington, D. C. Pop., 492. Two newspapers. Upper JHattole, p. o. in Humboldt co., Cal. Upper Meriou, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop., 3,S70. Upper middletoivn, p. v. in Fayette co.. Pa., 5 mis. N. N. W. of Uniontown, the co. seat. Upper Milford, tn. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Pop., 2,01.5. Upper Mount Bethel, tn. in Northampton CO., Pa. Pop., 3,7(54. Upper Nazareth, tn. in Northampton co., Pa. Pop., 740. Upper Uchoco, p. o. in AVasco co., Oreg. Upper Oxford, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop.. 1,079. Upper Paxton, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop. 1,371. Upper Penn's Jf eck, tn. in Salem co., N. J. Pop., 3.178. Upper Pittsgrove, tn. in Salem co., N. J. Pop., 2,087. Upper Providence, tn. in Delaware co.. Pa. Pop., 758. Upper Providence, p. o. in the above tn. Upper Providence, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop., 3,202. Upper Red Hook, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., 5 mis. E. S. E. of Tivoli. Pop., 200. Upper St. Clair, tn. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Pop., 810. Upper St. Clair, p. v. in the above tn., 9]4 mis. S. W. of Pittsburgh. Upper Salford, tn. in Montgomery co.. Pa. Pop., 1,705. Upper Sandusky, p. v. and the co. seat of Wyandot co., Ohio, on the Sandusky R. and on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 43 nils. E. of Lima. Pop., 2,564. Two newspapers. Upper Saucon, tn. in Lehigh co.. Pa. Pop., 3,487. Upper Stillwater, p. v. in Penobscot co.,Me., 3 mis. N. N. W. of Orono. Upper Strasburgh, p. v. in Franklin co.. Pa., 12 mis. N. N. W. of Chambersbuigh, the co. seat. Upper Swatara, tn. in Dauphin co., Pa. Pop., 1.991. Upper Towamensing, tn. in Carbon co.. Pa. Pop., 913. Upper Tract, p. v. in Pendleton co., W. Va., 35 mis. N. W. of Broadway Depot, Va. Upper Trappe, p. o. in Somerset co., Md. Upper Tulpehocken, tn. in Berks co.. Pa. Pop., 1,190. Upper Turkeyfoot, tn. in Somerset co.. Pa. Pop., 1,011. Upper Tygart, p. o. in Carter co., Ky. Upper Uwchlan, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 781. Upperville, p. v. in Fauquier co., Va., 22 mis. S. E. of Winchester and 5 mis. N. N. E. of Piedmont Station. Pop., 422. Upper Windsor, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 2.024. Upshur, p. V. in Preble co., Ohio, 3 mis. E. of Campbellstown. Upshur, eo. in Tex., N. E. part. Area, 525 sq. mis. Pop., 12,039; In 1860, 10,645. The surface is rolling ; the soil good. Timber is abundant. The CO. IS bounded on the N. by the Big Cy- press R. and on the S. by the Saliine R., which receives numerous affluents draining it. Gil- mer is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 449 bush.; rye, 95 bush.; Indian-corn, 326,681 bush.; oats, 8,053 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,108 bush.; sweet pot's, 40,806 bush.; cotton, 7,362 bales : butter, 51,816 U)S. Cash value of farms, $590,238. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $928,687. Value of manufactures, iJ108,200. Upshur, CO. in W. Va., N. central part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 8,023; in 1860, 7,292. UPSON 906 UTAH. The Middle Fork of the Monongaliela R. forms the eastern boundary, and the Buck- lianiion R. intersects it from S. to N. The surface is rolling and in some parts liillv. The soil of the valleys is excellent. Buck- hannon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 29,958 hush.; rye, 6,055 bush.; In- dian-corn, 108,494 bush.; oats, 21,422 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,448 biish.; sweet pot's, 971 bush.; butter 127,158 lbs.; hay, 7,23.3 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,341,0.54. " Total, estimated, value of all farm pi-oductions, including additions to stock, etc., !j)510,337. Value of manufactures, $124,650. Vpsoii, CO. in Ga., W. central pai-t. Area about 290 sq. mis. Pop., 9,430; in 1860, 9.910. The CO. is bounded on the S. W. by the Flint R. and is drained by Big Potato Cr. and other tributaries of this stream. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. Thomas- ton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 26,594 bush.; rye, 83 bush.; Indian-corn, 168,164 bush.; oats, 9,166 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,531 bush.; sweet pot's, 17,186 bush.; cotton. 4,835 bales ; butter, 22,095 lbs. Cash value of farms, $883,429. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $925,791. Value of manufactures, *286,- 740. Upsonville, p. o. in Susquehanna co.. Pa. Upton ^jD. V. in Van Buren co., Iowa, 12J^ mis. S. of Keosauqua, the co. seat. Upton, p. o. in Miami co., Kans. Upton, V. in Hardin co., Ky., on the LouisvUle & Memphis Line of Louisville, Nashville & Great Southern R. R., 59 mis. S. of Louisville and 17 S. of Elizabethtown. Pop. about 250. The p. o. is Uptonville. Upton, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 187. Upton, p. V. in the above tu., 27 mis. N. W. of Bethel. Upton, tn. in Worcester co , Mass. Pop., 1,989. Upton, p. V. in the above tn., 4 mis. E. of Far- num Station. Upton, tn. in Texas CO., Mo. Pop., 642. Upton, p. V. in Franklin CO., Pa., 4^ mis. W. N. W. of Gi-eeneastle. Uptonville, p. o. in the v. of Upton (which see), in Hardin co., Ky. Urban, p. o. in Butler co., Nebr. Urban, p. o. in Northumberland co.. Pa. Urbana, tn. in Champaign co.. 111. Pop., 3,325. >^Urbana, p. v. and the co. seat of Champaign CO., 111., on Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. R.. at N. E. terminus of Monti- cello R. R., 1% mle. E. of Champaign ; has active local trade, with rich agricultui-al sur- roundings. Location of State IndustrialUni- versity. Pop., 2,277. One newspaper. Urbana, p. o. in Wabash co., Ind. Urbana, tn. in Monroe CO., Iowa. Pop., 887. Urbana, p. o. in Xeosho co., Kans. Urbana, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 3 mis. S. S. W. of Igamsville. Urbana, p. v. in Dallas co.. Mo., 16 mis. N. by W. of Butialo, the co. seat. Urbana, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 2,082. Urbana, tn. in Champaign co., Ohio. Pop., i,s-:7. *Urbana, city and co. seat of Champaign co., Ohio, on llio Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., at crossing of the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. and the Cincinnati, San- dusky & Cleveland R. R., 42 mis. W. by N. of Columbus ; a flncly located and beautifully built place with a large local trade. Seat of a college (Swedenborgian). Pop., 4,276; in 1S(;0, 3,429: in ISoO, 2,020. One newspaper. Urbana, ]i. v. in Miildlcsex CO., Va., on the Kapiialiannock R., 4 mis. K. by N. of Saluda. Urbanna, p. v. in Benton CO., Iowa, 6 mis. N. W. of Centre Point. Urbanna <;ity, p. o. in Monroe CO., Iowa. Urich, p. o. in Henry co., Mo. Urniey villc, p. o. in Johnson co., Ind. ; Urne's Corners, p. o. in Buffklo co.. Wis, Ursa, tn. in Adams Co., 111. Pop., 1,411. Ursa, p. V. in the above tn., on Carthage Bi-anch of Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 10 mis. N. of Quincy^ the co. seat. Ursina, p. v. in "Somerset co.. Pa., on Laurel Hill Cr., 22 mis. S. W. of Somerset. Ustick, tn. in Whitesides co.. 111. Pop., 1,026. Usquepaugli, p. v. in Washington co., R. I., 3 nils. W. N. W. of Kingston Station. UTAH, one of the western territories ; is bounded on the E. by Colo. Ter., on the N. by Wyo. Ter. and Idaho Ter., on the W. by Kev. an'd on the S. by Ariz. Ter. It extends frim 37° to 42° N. lat., and from 109° to 114° W. long., and has an area of 84,476 sq. mis., or &4,- 065,075 acres. Surface.— Utah forms a part of the extensive plateau which lies between the Rocky Mts. and the Sierra Nevada, and is greatly diversi- fied by lofty mountain chains belonging to the vast system of the North American Cordille- ras. The most prominent of these in length, height and extent of area, is that of the \\ ah- satch Mts., which trend thi-ough the territoiy from N. to S. and in the southern part of ft turn otr toward the S. W. The part of Utah lying W. of the Wahsatch Mts. belongs to the ''Great Basin," and resembles, in all its natural features, the neighboring state of Nev. From 4,250 feet in height above the sea around Great Salt Lake, it rises toward the S. and W. to over 6,000 feet; consists of arid plains, alkali Hats, and artemisia or wild sage deserts, and is in- tersected by detached mountain chains and ridges, which, with few exceptions, are destitute of water and timber, and partake of the desert character of the intervening plains and valleys. The Raft River Mts. occupy the north-easte"rn corner of Utah, Promontory Mt. fills the long peninsula which projects into the northern part of Great Salt Lake ; the Oquirrah Mt., Onaqui and Cedar Mts. are S. of this lake and trend parallel to the Wahsatch Mt., and further to the S. are the House Range, the Goshoot Mts., Tliomas Range, Beaver River Range, Wah- Wah Mts., Pinyon Mts. and Needle Range. The eastern jiart of Utah, extending from the Wahsatch Mts. to Colo. Ter., is higher than the western, but equallv arid and mountainous. The Uintah Mts. trend from the ^Vahsatch Mts. to the Green R., and occupy a large area. The Roan, or Book, Mts. lie partly in Utah and partly in Colo. Ter., between Grand ami Green Rs. The Little Mts. lie W. of Green R. and trend to the N. W. along the valley of the White R. The Sierra Le Sal, or Lasal, lies S. E. of Grand R. The Sierra Tucan anil Sierra Pano- che lie near the soutliern boundary, the former W., the latter E. of the Colorado R. The south- eastern part of the territory consists of exten- sive undulating plains, and supports a few short ridges, as the Sierra Abajo and the Orejos del Oso. Rivers and ioTres.— The largest body of water in Utah is the Great Salt Lake, which lies near the W. base of the Wahsatch Mts., extends 100 mis. from N. W. to S. E. with an average wid th of 50 mis., and includes the following islands : Dol- phin, Gunnison, Hat, Mud, Fremont, Carring- ton, Stansbury and Antelope. It is entered from the N. by the Bear R., which intei'sects the Cache Valley, and breaking through a moun- tain range flows through the Malade Valley, where it receives the Malade R. Weber R. rises in the Uintah Mts., breaks through the Wahsatch Mts. and enteis the lake on the east- ern shore. Itsalllncnt, OgcU'n R., flows through a valley of the Wahsatch Mts. The R. Jordan is the outlet of Lake Utah, and flowing N. along the foothills of the \Vahsatch Mts. emp- ties into the S. E. part of Great Salt Lake. The water of the lake contains about 20 per cent, of common salt, while Lake Utah is a beautiful sheet of fresh water 30 mis. long and 10 mis. TTAH. 907 UTAH. wide. It i& surronndecl bj- mountains, •with a broad, grassy valley sloping to the water edge, opening to the nortliward, and receives Spanish Fork, Provo, or Timpanogas, and Current Crs. Sevier Lake, in Millard co., lies about 100 mis. S. W. of Lake Utah and receives the Sevier R., ■which is ncarlj' 200 mis. long and traverses the rich valley W. of the Wahsatch Mts. Preuss T>ake, Little Salt Lake and Fish Lake are small sheets of water in the S. W. part of the terri- tory. The region lying E. of the Wahsatch Mt. is drained by the Green R., which in Pi Ute co. joins the Grand R. to form the Colorado of tlie West. Green R. intersects the N. E. corner of Utah, turns the Uintah Mts. and re-entering Utah flows through it from N. to S. Its afflu- ents are the Umiah R., which receives the drainage of the southern slope of the Uintah Mts.; White R. in San Pete Co., San Rafael R. and Dirty Devil R., both rising in the Wahsatch Mts. Grand R. enters Utah from Colo. Ter., and within the territory the Colorado passes a canyon whose vertical sides rise 1,'200 feet above the bed, while the exterior banks rise in some places from 2,000 to 3,000 feet more. Climate and Vegetation. — Like tlie other terri- tories and states lying between the Rockj' Mts. and the Sierra Nevada, Utah has a healthy, mild, but exceedingly dry, climate. The mean annual temperature £. of the Wahsatch Mts. is from 3S° to 44'=', and W. of that great range from 40° to 52°. The rain-fall averages about 16 inches, but around the Great Salt Lake ap- proaches 20 inches. Rain is most abundant in the valleys from October to April ; the re- mainder of the year is dry and hot. Spring opens in May ajid cold weather rarely sets in before Jv'ovember. The vegetation is scanty. Timber is almost wholly confined to the higher mountains, and consists of quaking ash, cedar, spruce, pine and other coniferous trees, while copses of wil- low, box-elvd, $9,000; 170,191 ounces of silver bars, $200,333 ; 5,556 ounces of gold bars and dust, $100 000; 388,693 lbs. of wool, 6,258 hides, 37,400 tons of coal, lumlxn- of $1,441,566 in value, and general merchandise of over $10,500,000 in value. The Union Pacific and Central Pacific R. Rs. intersect the northern part of the territory from E. to W. and have within its limits a length of 257 mis. Local lines have since been constructeil to the extent of 97 mis., so as to make the total railroad mileage 349. The Utah Northern R. R. branches olf from the Central Pacific and will run to Soda Springs, Oneida CO., Idaho Ter., a distance of 125 mis., 40 of which were in running order in 1873. The Utah Central R. R. connects Ogden with Salt Lake City (37 mis.). The Utah Southern R. R. is in running order for 40 mis. S. of Salt Lake City, anil will soon be completed to Payson, Utah co. It will eventually be extended to the Colorado R. Other railroads have been incorporated to atfoi'd commercial facilities to the thriving settlements in various jiarts of the territory. JSdiicalion, etc. — The present school system has been organized by the territorial legislature and is liberally sustained by the people. The Chancellor and Regents of the Deseret Univer- sity exercise a general supervision over the educational interests of the territory. This university includes a classical, scientific and normal course. It was opened in 1850 and re- organized in 18(57 and again in 1869. In 1871 it bad 286 male and 294 female students. Utah in the same year had 277 schools, in which 190 male and 18,5 female teachers gave in- struction. The number of children enrolled was 15,924. and the average daily attendance 11,398. 2'he P?'e«,5, according to the census, comprised 10 newspapers and periodicals, 3 of which were dailies, which had a circulation of 14,250. Wealth ami Taxation. — The assessed value of real estate in 1870 was $7,047,881, and of personal estate $5,517,961. The estimated or true value of both kinds of property was $16,159,995, against $5,596,118 in 1860. Tbe to'tal (not national) taxa- tion was $167,355, of which $39,402 were tor terri- torial, $80,419 for CO. and $47,534 for town and city purposes. Government.— V\ii\i., originally apart of Upper California, was ceded to tbe United States by treaty with Mexico, in 1848, and erected into a territory in September, 1850. It was first settled by the Mormons, a peculiar religious sect, call- ing themselves Latter Day Saints, in 1847, after their expulsion from III., where thej' had found- ed the settlement of Nauvoo. The Governor and Secretary are appointed by the President of the United States for 4 years. The Legislative Assembly 5s composed of a Council and a House of Representatives. The 13 members of the Council are elected for two years and the 26 members of the House for one year. The judicial power of the territory is vested in a Supreme Court, District Courts, Probate Courts and Justices of the Peace. The Supreme Court consists of one Chief Justice aiul two Associate Justices. Tbe territory is divided into three judicial districts, in each of which a regular term of the Supreme Court is held every year. Utah is divided into the following 20 counties: Beaver, Box Elder, Cache, Davis, Iron, Juab, Kane, Millard, Morgan, Pi Ute, Rich, Salt Lake, San Pete, Sevier, Summit, Tooele, Utah, Wah- satch, Washington, Weber. Tbe territorial capital is Salt Lake City, with a pop. of 12,854. The other principal cities with their pop. are Ogden, 3,127; Logan, 1,757; Eph- raim City, 1,167 ; Manti, 1,239 ; Mount Pleasant, 1,346 and Provo, 2,384. Utah, p. o. in Warren co.. 111. Utah, p. o. in Indiana CO., Pa. IJtali, CO. in Utah Ter., central part. Pop., 12,203 ; in 1860, 8,248. The Wabsatch Mts. form the eastern boundary, the Oquiri-ah Bits, the western. Utah Lake, from which the co. re- ceived its name, lies in the center, and its out- let, the Jordan R., flows through the northern part. Numerous small streams rising in the mountains intersect tbe southern portion and empty into Utah Lake. With the aid of irri- gation excellent crops of fruit and grain are raised. Provo City is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 128,909 bush.; rye, 38 bush.; Indian-corn, 31,123 bush.; oats, 18,824 bush.; Irish pot's, 75,069 bush.; butter, 63,624 lbs.; hay, 7,051 tons. Cash value of farms, $465,627. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $436,264. Value of manufactures. .$3,>7,319. Utah L.ake, in Utah co., Utah Ter.; it is the source of tbe Jordan R. Length about 30 mis.; the water is said to be fresh. Utahvllle, p. v. in Clearfield co.. Pa., 16 mis. N. W . of Tyrone. Ute Creek, p. o. in Colfax co., N. Mex. Ter. Utica, p. o. in Yankton co,. Dak. Ter. Utica, tn. in La Salle co.. III. Pop,, 1,145. Utica, p. V. in the above tn., on tbe Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 9% mis. W. by 8. of Ottawa. Pop. about 30. Utica, tn. in Clailce co,, Ind. Pop., 1,598. Utica, p. V. in tbe above tn,, on the Ohio R., 7 mis, N. E, of .letfersonville. Utica, tn. in Cbicka.saw co., Iowa. Pop., 931. Utica, p. V. in Van Buren co., Iowa, 8 mis. N. of Benton's Port, Utica, p. o. in Daviess co., Ivy. *Utlca, p. V. in Macomb co., jMicb,, on Clintoi\ R, and on Detroit & Bay City R, B,, 24 mis, N. of Detroit. An important manufacturing place, the river furnishing good water-power. Pop. about 1,000. Utica, tn. in Winona co., Minn. Pop., 1,370. Utica, p. V. in the above tn., on the Winona & St. Peter R. R., 22 mis. W. S. W. of Winona. Pop. about 60. Utica, p. V. in Hinds co.. Miss,, 16 nils. S. W. of Raymond. *Utica, p. V. in Livingston co.. Mo,, on the TJTICA. 909 cs::.fut %!r^^ «• «•' ' -1- s. s. w. Of * v**^"' .V^^i ^,"*^ ?*^'"' ^o- seat of Oneicla co N" Erie r. n«,^-a^r^ °? '^^ Mohawk R and 'on i;iie Canal, at terminus of Chenan'^o Cana 1%V^^S- W- ^v N. of Albany and 14mLs E "e' hivtToL T''*"""*; ^^ the^ityistbat Of out * oi t Schuyler, and is nearly level. It is re- gularly laid out and compactly built con- taining many handsome pl-ivate an 1 puwfc buildings • among the latter of which are nu° merous churches, the City Hall anc the Itate Lunatic Asylum. The business houses, mostfv «nH'w''n°" «n"esec street, are commodfous and well-appointed structures. The citv 1^ admirab y situated for the large Inland com nierce which it commands. Beside the can^l" facilities, before enumerated, U is located on the New York Central & Hudson River RR at S. terminus of Utica & Black River R R ' ' ha^n>,*"v"n""^^? ^^^«'^' ^benangoA Sus(iue: hanna Va ley Division of Delaware Lacka wanna & Western R. R., at N. E termimi^ of M dlaifd R"i^°'\?;"^« «^^^^ l^rk'Kwego manufacturing center it ta^es liigli rank itt leading interests being in the prS uctioii of cotton and woollen go'ods, rolled iron locks blooms leather and cars. Utica was incor' P"fi''^tecl as a village in 1817, and as a city in" lt>30. Pop. in 18'20, L',972 ; in 1830 H%2^- in la^n im , 18,903 of whom were natives of the Uiiitpd States and 9,*19 foreign born. Eight newsDa n' Herald ?l^^hed here, of whichThe" MoJn." o iieraid and Observer" are dailip« nnri =Yu«eil^!'^ "Deutsche-Zei^SSlaer'l tJXBRIDGE. J* mia. j> Dy VV. of Newark. Pon 384 ^"««'P->0';ough in Venango co ,^Pa on th« rTo Fifo and labfnai rV?"^^ ."« tributaries, from N to « ft ,?,'" ^^^-^ intersect the co. in°o'Ju?ii*o''ns'-inY8?0 ^^^Jfia;^c^o?•^• i^^-^>*5 b.f f * 17.^,«,'; P«V^«' V^-^0 bush!'; bu?te?s 5.io'r?^ Ai tons. Cash value of farms W^iui T-rTflv Tex n'n^';iy- ''i','-'^ ^^"^ *^0- ^^at Of Uvalde CO S»«K J*"^' ^"' i'l Cliester CO., Pa. Pod 7^4 ^f(^r**-*' *"• *^ Worcester co., Mass. Pop., VACAVILLE. 910 VALLEY SPRINGS. Y. Vacaville, tn. in Solano co., Cal. Pop., 1,701. ^Vacaville, p. v. in the above tn.,5 mis. W. of Vaca Station on the California Pacific K. R. Pop., .i4o. Vaca Station, v. on California Pacific R. R., 11 mis. N. N. E. of Fairfield. Pop., IW. Taideii, p. v. in Carroll co., Miss., on the Mis- sissippi Central 11. R., 11 mis. S. of AVinona. Pop. about 450. Tall, p. V. in Crawford co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Denison. Tail's Cross Roads, v. in Moitow co., Ohio, 11 mis. S. W. of Chesterville. Tail's Gate, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y., on the Newbuigh Branch of the Jirie R. R. 5?^ mis. S. W. of Newburgh. Tail's Mills, p. v. in Fulton co., N. Y., 9 mis. N. W. of Amsterdam. *Talatie, p. v. in Columbia co., N. Y., 2^^ mis. N. E. of liinderhook. Taldosta, p. v. and the co. seat of Lowndes CO., Ga., on the Atlantic and Gulf R. R, 17 mis. N. E. of Quitman ; has active trade in cotton, rice and sugar. Pop., 1,199. One newspaper. Talcene, p. o. in Orange co., Ind. Tale Mills, p. o. in Giles co., Tenn. Talencia, co. in Xew Mex. Ter., central part, Pop., 9,093; in lS(iO, 11,3'21. The middle por- tion of the CO. is intersected by the Rio Grande, which traverses a fertile vallev. Nearly all the settlements are located in this valley, whi(rh has much good soil, and by the aid of irrigation produces large crops of grain and fiiiit. The western part of the co. includes the lofty Zuni Mts. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 39,438 bush.; Indian-corn, 77,8.'.4 bush.; butter, 60 lbs. Cash value of farms, $i')i,.').>^3. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$187,881. Value of manufactures, $44,G(;0. Talentinc, p. v. in La Grange co., Ind., on the Grand Ilapids & Indiana R. R., 4 mis S. of La Grange. Talhalla, p. v. in Westcliester co., N. Y., on the New York & Harlem R. R., 3 mis. N. of White Plains. Talliermoso Springes, p. o. In Morgan co., Ala. Talle, tn. in .lefR'rson co.. Mo. Pop., 2,816. Tallejo, tn. in Sonoma co., Cal. Pop., 1,114. Tallejo, tn. in Solano co., Cal. Pop., 0,391. *Vallejo, city in the above tn., at the S. W. terminus of the California Pacific K. R. and on Napa Cr. at its entrance into San Pablo B., 25 nils. N. E. of San Francisco. The city is beautifully situated on the hills which "rise from the water to the height of 100 feet. Its harbor is capacious and deep. It has steam- boat connection with Sun Francisco, and is the shipping jioiut for the cereals ;ind mineral products of stneral of the counties to the north It has alsogrowinginterests in manu- factures. The United States Navy Yard for the Pacilie coast is located on JMare Islainl, opjiosite Viillejo. Pop., inclusive of the tn., (i,.';91. On(,' newspaiier. Tailey, tn. in Madison CO., Ark. Pop., 743, Talle.v,tii. in \an IJnren co., Ark. Pop., '224. Valley, in. in Stark co., 111. Pop., l.OHl. Valley, tn. in Pag<' co., Iowa. Pop., ()3o. Valley, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 715. Valley, p. o. in Washington co., Iowa. Valley, p. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. Valley, tn. in Linn co., Kans. Pop., 1,096. Valley, tn. in Nemaha co., Kans. Pop., 777. Valley, new co. in Nebr., central part. Area, 576 sq. mis. It is drained by the Loup Fork and Calamus R. The surface is rolling and consists chiefly of productive prairies. Valley, p. v. in Douglas co., Nebr., on Union Pacific R. R., 6 mis. W. of Elkhorn. Pop. about 45. Valley, p. o. in Columbiana co., Ohio. Valley, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 834. Valley, tn. in Scioto co., Ohio. Pop., 724. Valley, tn. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Pop., 1,821. Valley, tn. in Chester CO., Pa. Pop., 1,165. Valley, p. o. in Clarion co.. Pa. Valle.v, tn. in Montour co.. Pa. Pop., 1,061. Valley, p. v. in Guadalupe CO., Tex., 12 mis. S. W . of Seguin, the co. seat. Valley, tn. in Preston co., W. Va. Pop., 1,131. Valley, p. o. in Vernon co.. Wis. Valley Bend, p. o. in Randolph co., W. Va. Valle.y Brook, tn. in Osage co., Kans. Pop., 1,.539. Valley Brook, p. o. in the above tn. Valley Centre, p. o. in Sedgwick co., Kans. Valle.v City, p. o. in Harrison co., ind. Valley City, v. in Montgomery co., Ind., on the Indiana Division of the Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. K., b}4 mis. W. of Jamestown. The p. o. is New Ross. Valley Cottage, p. o. in Rockland co., N. Y. Valley Crncis, p. o. in Watauga co., N. C. Valle.v Falls, p. v. in Rensselaer Co., N. Y'., on the Trov & Boston R. R., 14 mis. N. E. of Troy. Pop. about 600. Valley Falls, p. v. in Providence co.,R. I., on the Providence & Worcester R. R., 6 mis. N. of Providence. Pop. about 2.50. Valley Falls, p. o. in Spartanburgh district, S. C. Valley Falls, p. o. in Marion co., AV. Va. Valley Ford, p. o. in Meigs co., Ohio. Valley Forgre, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., on the Schuylkill Navigation Canal & Philadelphia & Reading R. R., 4 mis. S. E. of Phoenixville. Po)i. about 119. Valley Fork, p. o. in Clay co., W. Va. Valley Furnace, p. o. in Barbour co., W. Va. Valley tirove, p. v. inOhioco.. W. Va., on the Wheeling, Pittsburgh & Baltimore DivisioTi of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 12 mis. N. E. ot Wheeling. Valley Head, p. v. in De Kalb co., Ala., on the Alabama & Chattanooga R. R., 16 mis. N. E. of Lebanon. Pop. about 50. Valley Head, ii. o. in Randoljih CO., W. Va. Valley .Tnnction, p. o. in Polk (;o., Iowa. Valle.y .function, p. v. in Hamilton co.,Ohio, on Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fajette ];. i;., at S. teiminus of White Water A alley 1!. U., 1-^mls. N. N. W. of Cincinnati. Valley Mlills, p. v. in Marion co., Ind., on tho Indianapolis & A'inccnnes 11. R., 8 mis. S. W. of Indiana)>nlis. , Valley Mills, p. o. in Aladison co., N. Y. Valley i11ill<«, p. v. in Bosque co., Tex., on I5c)s(|ui' U., 20 inls. S. E. of Meridian. Valley Mills, p. o. in AVoodco., W. Va. Valle'y Oak, p. o. in Pulaski co., Kv. Valley Point, ii. o. in Preston co., AA''. A''a. Valley Spriujj^s, p. o. in Calaveras CO., Cal. VALLEY SPRINGS. Sll VAN BUREN. Talley Spring:^, p. o. in Minnehaha co., Dak. Ter. Talley Springs, p. o. in Rutherford co., N. C. Valley Store, v. in Chester co., Pa., on the (Jliester Valley Branch of the Philadelphia & Reading R. R., uU mis. W. S. W. of Bridge- port. Tlie p. o. is Warren Tavern. Valley Stream, p. o. in Queens co., N. Y., on Soutli Side R. R., 16 mis. E. of Brooklyn. Valley Town, p. o. in Cherokee co., N. C. Valley View, p. o. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Valley View, p. o. in Cooke co., Tex. Vallicita, p. v. in Calaveras co., Cal., 14 mis. S. E. of San Andreas. Valloiiia, p. v. in Jackson co., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 3 mis. S. W. of Brownstown. Pop. about 125. Vallonia, borough in Crawford co.. Pa., on French Cr. opposite Meadville. Pop., 462. Vallonia Springs, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. Valniont, p. V. in Boulder co., Colo. Ter., on Boulder Cr., 6 mis. E. Jf. E. of Boulder City. ♦Valparaiso, p. v. and the co. seat of Porter CO., Ind., on Salt Cr. and on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 42 mis. S. E, of Chicago. Has manufactories of paper, wool- len goods, etc., and commands an active pro- duce trade. Pop., 2,76^. Two newspapers. Valparaiso, p. v. in Sullivan co., Mo., 14 mis. N. N. E. of Milan. Valparaiso, p. o. in Saunders co., Nebr. Valton, p. o. in Sauk co.. Wis. Vanatta, p. v. in Licking co., Ohio, on the Lake Erie Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 6 mis. N. of Newark, the co. seat. Pop., 70. Van Bnren, co. in Ark., N. central part. Area about 1,250 sq. mis. Pop., 5,107 ; in 1860, 5,357. The surface is rolling and the soil mostly fertile. The head streams of the Lit- tle Red R., as the Owl Fork, Middle Fork and South Fork drain the co. Clinton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,921 bush.; Indian-corn, 165,710 bush.; oats, 11,116 busli.; Irish pot's, 5.650 bush.; sweet pot's, 56,- 623 bush.; cotton, 6,181 bales. Cash value of farms, $269,730. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $390,571. Value of manufactures, $17,750. Van Bnren, tn. in Benton co.. Ark. Pop., 319. Van Bnren, tn. in Crawford co., Ark. Pop., 3,296. *Van Bnren, p. v. in tlie above tn. and theco. seat, on the Arkansas R. and the Little Rock & Fort Smith R. R., near Fort Smith, 16 mis. W. by N. of Little Rock. Pop., 985. One news- paper. Van Bnren, tn. in Union co.. Ark. Pop., 1,032. Van Bnren, p. o. in De Kalb co.. 111. Van Bnren, tn. in Brown co., Ind. Pop., 2,043. Van Bnren, tn. in Clay co., Ind. Pop., 3,323. Van Bnren, tn. in Daviess CO., Ind. Pop., 1,172. Van Bnren, tn. in Fountain co., Ind. Pop., 622. Van Bnren, tn, in Grant co., Ind. Pop., 1,110. Van Bnren, p. o. in Grant co., Ind. Van Bnren, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 1,467. Van Bnren, tn. in La Grange co., Ind. Pop., 1,347. Van Bnren. v. in the above tn., 7J^ mis. W. of Lima. The p. o. is Scott. Van Bnren, tn. in Madison co., Ind. Pop., 874. Van Bnren, tn. in Monroe co., Ind. Pop., 972. Van Bnren, tn. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pop., 072. V*n Bnren, tm in Shelby CO., Ind. Pop., 1,194. Van Bnren, co. in Iowa, S. E. part. Area, 465 sq. mis. Pop., 17,672 ; in 1860, 17,081. The sur- face is undulating ; the soil well watered and exceedingly productive. The Des Moines R. and other affluents of the Mississippi R. in- tersect the CO. The Des Moines Valley R. R. also Intersects theco. from N. W. to S. E. and the Burlington & Southwestern R. R. from E. to Vf. K.eosauqua is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 231,827 bush.; rye, 41,205 bush.; Indian-corn, 906,874 bush.: oats, 2.55,820 bush.; Irish pot's, 73,322 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,205 bush.; wool, 129,303 lbs.; butter, 443,586 lbs.; hay, 22,948 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,538,664. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,758,720. Value of manufactures, $808,242. Van Bnren, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,155. Van Bnren, p. v. in the above tn., 314 mis. N. of Preston. Van Bnren, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,031. Van Bnren, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 956. Van Bnren, tn. in Van Buren co., Iowa. Pop., 2,455. Van Bnren, tn. in Ai-oostook co., Me. Pop., 982. Van Bnren, p. o. in the above tn. Van Buren, co. in Mich., S. W. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 28,829 ; in 1860, 15,224. The surface is generally level and the soil quite fertile. Several small streams, emptying into Lake Michigan or the St. Josejjh R., water the CO. Lake Michigan forms the W. boundary. Tlie Kalamazoo & South Haven R. R. and the Chicago & Michigan Lake Shore R. R. inter- sect the CO. Paw Paw is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 385,305 bush.; rye, 2,453 bush.; Indian-corn, 572,.578 bush.; oats, 159,835 bush.; Irish pot's, 304,465 bush.; wool, 121,106 lbs.; butter, 646,998 lbs. ; hay, 26,615 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,885,465. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,189,000. Value of manufactures, $1,837,878. Van Bnren, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 1,970. Van Bnren, p. v. and the co. seat of Carter CO., Mo., on Currant R., IS mis. W. S. W. of Mill Spring. Van Bnren, tn. in Jackson co., Mo. Pop., 2,036. Van Bnren, tn. in Newton co.. Mo. Pop., 1,288. Van Bnren, tn. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Pop., 3,Q38. Van Bnren, p. o. in the above tn. Van Bnren, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 1.212. Van Buren, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop., 780. Van Bnren, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Findlay. Pop., 157. Van Bnren, tn. in Montgomery co., Ohio. Pop., 2,600. Van Bnren, tn. in Putnam co., Ohio. Pop., 1,350. Van Bnren, tn. in Shelby co., Ohio. Pop., 1,381. Van Bnren, p. v. in Washington co., Pa., 8 mis. S. S. W. of AVashington, the co. seat. Van Bnren, co. in Tenn., E. central part. Area 300 sq. nils. Pop., 2,725 ; in 1860, 2,5S1. It is co- pied by the Cumberland Plateau, has an ele- vated and somewhat broken surface and a mioderately productive soil. The small creeks which drahi it are tributaries of the Cumber- land R. Spencer is the co. seat. iVgr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 14,002 bush.; rye, 422 bush.; Indian-corn, 104,033 bush.; oats, 4,456 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,095 bush.; sweet pot's, 4,216 busli.: butter, 32,788 lbs. Cash value of farms, $370,120. Total, estimated, value of all farm VAN BUREN CENTRE. 912 VARICK. productions, including additions to stock, etc., .'{!23i!,2()-2. Value of manufactures, $7,560. Tan Bnreii Centre, v. in Onondaga co., N.Y., ou the X. Y. Central R. R., SJ^ mis. W. of Sy- racuse. The p. o. is Warner's. Van Buren Furnace, p. v. in Shenandoah CO., Va., 10 mis. N. N. W. of Woodstock. Van Camp, p. o. in Columbia CO., Pa. Van Camp, p. o. in Wetzel CO., W. Va. Vance, tn. in Vermillion co., 111. Pop., 1,512. Vanccboroug:!!, p. v. in Washington co., Me., on the I'juropean & North American R. R., near St. Oioix R., 26 mis. E. S. E. of Danforth. Vancebnrg^h, p. v. and the co. seat of Lewis CO., Ky., on the Ohio R., 40 mis. above Mays- ville. Has river commerce and is an import- ant mart for the co. Pop., 573. One news- paper. Vancefort, p. o. in Alleghany co., Pa. Vance's Ferry, p. o. in Orangeburgh district, S. C Vanceville, p. o. in Washington co., Pa. Vancil's Point, p. o. in Macoupin co.. 111. Van Clcvcsville, p. v. in Berkeley co., W. Va., on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 5 mis. S. E. of Martinsburgh. •Vancouver, p. v. and the co. seat of Clarke CO., Wash. Ter., on the Columbia R., 18 mis. by water N. of Portland, Orog. Pop. about 700. One newspaper. Vandalia, tn. in Fayette co.. 111. Pop., 2,431. *Vandalla, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on theKaskaskia R. and Illinois Central R. R. at crossing of the St. Louis, Vandalia, Terre Haute & Indianapolis R. R., 77 mis. N. E. of St. Louis. An important trade center. Vandalia was formerly the capital of the state. Pop., 1,771. Two newspapers. Vandalia, p. v. in Owen co., lud., 6 mis. N. W. of Spencer, the co. seat. Vandalia, p. v. in Jasper CO., Iowa, 15 mis. S. W. of Newton, the co. seat. Vandalia, p. v. in Cass co., Mich., on the Air Line Division of the Michigan Central R. R., 5 mis. E. of Cassopolis. Pop. about 150. Vandalia, p. v. in Audrain co.. Mo., on Chi- cago, Kansas City & Denver Short Line Divi- sion of Chicago & Alton R. R., 24 mis. E. of Mexico. Pop. about 50. Vandalia, p. v. in Cattaraugus co., N. T., on Alleghany R. and on Western Division of Erie R. R., 10 mis. S. E. of Salamanca. Vandalia, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ohio, IJ^ mle. W. of Tadmer on the Dayton & Michigan R. R. Pop., 313. Vandemere, p. o. in Craven co., N. C. Van(lerl>nrg:h, co. in Ind., S. W. part. Area, 21G sq. mis. Pop., 33,14(5; in 1860, 20,552. It borders on the Ohio R. and is drained by Pigeon Cr. and Big Cr. The surface is undu- lating; the soil is excellent, particularly that of the river bottoms. The Evansville & Crawfordsville R. R. passes through the co. from N. to S, Evansville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 180,645 bush.; Indian-corn, 553,925 bush.; oats, 56,361 bush.; Irish pot's, 54,842 bush.: sweet pot's, 739 bush.; butter, 115,502 lbs.; hay, 9,852 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,241,775. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions. Including additions to stock, etc., $913,340. Value of manufactures, $5,.341,.517. Vanderbursrli, p. o. in Webster co., Ky. Vander^rilfs, p. o. in Knoxeo., Tenn. Van Deusenville, p. v. in Berkshire co., Mass., on the Ilousatonic R. R., at S.E. termi- nus of the State Line Branch of same, 8 mis. N. of Sheffield. Pop. about 50. Van Dorn, p. o. in Marengo co., Al.a. Vandyke, p. o. in New Castle co., Del. Vandyne, ]). v. in Fond du Lac co.. Wis., on (ireen Bav & Lake Superior Line of Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 7 mis. N. of Fond du Lac. Van Etten, tn. in Chemung co., N. Y. Pop., 1,533. Van Etten, p. o. in Cliemung co., N. Y. Van Ettenville, p. v. in Chemung co., N. T- on Ithaca & Athens R. R., 21 mis S. S. E. of Ithaca. Van Jf ill, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. Van Hiseville, p. o. in Ocean co., N. J. Van Horn, p. o. in Carroll co.. Mo. Van Hornsvllle, p. v. in Herkimer co., N. T., 12 mis. S. W. of Fort Plain. Pop., 169. Vanlue, p. v. in Hancock co., Ohio, on the Fiudlay Branch of the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of Findlay, the CO. seat. Van 9Ieter, tn. in Dallas co., Iowa. Pop., 1,433. Van meter, p. v. in the above tn., on Raccoon R. and on the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 19 mis. W. of Ded Moines. Vannoy's Mill, p. o. in Pike co., Mo. Van Orin, p. o. in Bureau co.. 111. Van Port, v. in Beaver co.. Pa., on the Ohio R. and on River Division of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 2 mis. W. S. W. of Beaver, the CO. seat. Pop. about 200. Van's Valley, p. o. in Delaware co., Ohio. Van Vechten, p. v. in Schenectady co., N. T., on the Mohawk R. and Erie Canal, opposite Hoffman's Ferry and 9% mis. N. W. of Schenec- tady. Vanvllle, p. v. in Chippewa co., Wis., 15 mis. N. N. W. of Chippewa Falls. Van Wagner, p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Van IVert, tn. in Polk co., Ga. Pop., 2,145. Van Wert, v. in Polk co., Ga., 12 mis. E. of Ce- dartown, the co. seat, and at S. W. terminus of Cherokee R. R., 20 mis. S. W. of the junc- tion at Cartersville, on the Western & Atlan- tic R. R. Pop. about 500. Van Wert, co. in Ohio, W. part. Area, 400 sq. nils. Pop., 15,823; in 1860, 10,238. The co. is drained by the St. Mary's and Little Auglaize Rs. The surface is level and the soil consists of fertile loam underlaid by a stratum of blue marl, impervious to water. Large sections of the CO. are well timbered. The Miami Canal and the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chi- cago R. R. intersect it. Van Wert is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 146,- 719 bush.; rye, 2.').768 bush.; Indian-corn, 162,280 bush.; oats,90,379busb.; Irish pot's,a5,617bush.; sweet pot's, 879 bush.; butter, 270,789 lbs.; hay, 14,799 tons. Casli value of farms, $4,379,086. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $744,- 841. Value of manufactures, $703,00.5. *Van W^ert, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 27 mis. N. W. of Lima. Extensive lum- ber and produce trade. Pop., 2,625, Two newspapers. Van Wert, p. o. in Juniata co.. Pa. Van Zandt, co. in Tex., N. E. part. Area, 550 sq. mis. Pop., 6,494 : in 1860, 3,777. The surface is nearly level and the soil fertile. Sabine R. forms the N. boundary. Neches R. rises in the CO. and forms the E. boundary. The S. W. part of the co. is drained by small afflu- ents of the Trinity R. Canton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, .316 bush.; rye, ,35 bush.; Indian-corn, 194,879 bush.; oats, 4,823 bush.; Irish pot's, 903 bush.; sweet pot's, 29,9^5 bush.; cotton, 2,926 bales ; butter, 81,089 lbs. Cash value of farms, $502,207. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm proiluctions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $494,357. Value of manufactures, $83,449. Vanzant's Store, p. o. in Fannin co, Ga. Varennes, tn. in Anderson district, S. C. Pop., I,i92. Varennes, v. in the above tn., a few mis. S. of Anderson, the co. seat. VarlcU, tn. in Seneca co., N. Y. Pop., 1,741. Varlck, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. S. S. E. of Geneva. VARIETY MILLS. 913 VERMILLION. Variety Mills, p. o. in Nelson co., Va. Tarina, tn. in Henrico co., Va. Pop., 3,210. Varna, p. v. in Marsliall co., 111., on Western Division of Chicago & Alton R. R., at junc- tion of Lacon Branch of same, 10 mis. E. of Lacon. Fop. atooiit 100. One newspaper. Varna, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., on the Ithaca & Cortland R. R., 3 mis. E. N. E. of Ithaca. Varn ell's Station, p. v. in Whitfield co., Ga., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., a few mis. N. of Dalton. Pop., 511. Varnville, p. o. in Beaufort district, S. C. Varysburg'li, p. v. in Wyoming co., N. Y., 8 mis. S. of Attica. Vasa, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 1,218. Vasa, p. V. in the above tn., 11 mis. W. by S. of Red Wing. Vassalborongli, tn. in Kennebec co.. Me. Pop., 2,'.il9. Vassalborong'Ii, p. v. in the above tn., on the Eastern & INiaine Central Consolidated R. Rs., 12 rals. N. of Augusta. Tassar, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., 775. *Vassar, p. v. and co. seat of Tuscola co., Mich., on Cass R. and on Detroit & Bay City R. R., 22 mis. S. S. E. of Bay City. Has manu- factories of lumber and a growing produce trade. One newspaper. Vangrhan, p. o. in Fremont co., Iowa. Vang'han, p. v. in Yazoo co., Miss., on the Mis- sissippi Central Division of the Great Jack- son Route, It mis. N. of Canton. Pop. about 40. Vang'tan, tn. in Jelferson co., Ark. Pop., 4,735. Vanghnsville, p. v. in Putnam co., Ohio, 12 mis. S. S. W. of Lima. Veale, tn. in Daviess co., Ind. Pop., 893. Veasey, tn. in Drew co.. Ark. Pop., 657. Veazie, tn. in Penobscot co., Me. Pop., 810. Veazie, p. v. in the above tn., on the Penob- scot R. and on the European & North Ameri- can R. R., 5 mis. N. E. of Bangor. Vedder, v. in Calhoun co.. 111., on Illinois R., about 12 mis. N. of Hardin. Veedersbnrg'h, p. v. in Fountain co., Ind., on Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. R., at present S. terminus of Peoria, Pekin & .Jacksonville R. R., 7 mis. E. of Covington. Vesa, p. o. in Jeflerson co., Iowa. Velasco, p. o. in Brazoria co., Tex. Velp, p. o. in Brown co., Wis. Venang'O, co. in Pa., N. W. part. Area, 850 sq. mis. I'op., 47,925; in 1860, 25,043. The Alle- ghany R. flows through the central part of the CO., and receives Venango, or French, Cr., Oil Cr., Tionesta Cr. and Raccoon Cr. The streams flow through deep and narrow val- leys, and the surface is broken and hilly. The soil of the uplands is but moderately produc- tive. The CO. includes the principal oil pro- ducing region in the United States. The Al- leghany \ alley R. R., Franklin R. R., and otuer lines, intersect the co. Franklin is the CO. seat. Agr. productions is 1870: Wheat, 72,158 bush.; rye, 28,610 bush.; oats, 535,899 bush.; Indian-corn, 216,753 bush.; Irish pot's, 75,3.')5 bush.; butter, 566,405 lbs.; hay, 27,848 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,211,006. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,470,969. In 1870 there were produced from the oil wells 141,- 520,670 gals, of petroleum, which had a value of $14,828,227. Total value of manufactures, $4,516,566. Venango, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pop., 623. Venango, p. borough in the above tn., on French Cr. and the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 12 mis. N. of Meadville. Pop., 318. Venang'O, tn. in Butler co.. Pa. Pop., 902. Venango, tn. in Erie co.. Pa. Pop., 1,370. Venango City, borough in Venango co.. Pa., on Alleghany R., opposite Oil City. Pop., 1,550. Venedocia, p. o. in Van Wert co., Ohio. 58 Venedy, p. v. in Washington co.. 111., 4 mis. S. of Venedy Station on the St. Louis & South- eastern R. R. Pop., 230. Veni, p. o. in Effingham co.. 111. Venice, tn. in Tulare co., Cal. Pop., 490. Venice, p. v. in Madison co., 111., at the inter- section of the Chicago & Alton R. R., the St. Louis Division of the Toledo, Wabash & West- ern R. R. and the Indianapolis & St. Louis R. R., 4 mis. from E. St. Louis. Pop. about 500. Venice, tn. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop., 986. Venice, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,880. Venice, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. W. S. W. of Owasco Valley. Venice, p. o. in Erie co., Ohio. Venice, tn. in Seneca co., Ohio. Pop., 1,781. Venice, p. v. in Washington co.. Pa., S^ rals. S. of Haveloek. Venice Centre, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., il4 mis. W. S. W. of Owasco Valley. Ventnra, p. o. in Ottawa CO., Mich. Venns, p. o. in Madison co., Iowa. Vera, p. v. in Fayette co., 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 5 mis. N. of Vandalia. Pop. about 200. Vera Cruz, p. v. in Wells co., Ind., on the Wa^ bash R., 6 mis. E. S. E. of Bluffton. Vera Cruz, v. and the co. seat of Douglas co., Mo., on the Big North Fork of AVhite R., 30 mis. S. of Hartville. Vera Cruz, p. o. in Brown co., Ohio. Vera Cruz, p. o. in Lehigh co., Pa. Verbank, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the Dutchess & Columbia R. R., 10 mis. N. of Clove Branch Junction. Pop. about 150. Verbena, p. o. in Baker co., Ala. Verdi, p. v. in Wilson co., Kans., 12 mis. W. of Thayer. Verdi, p. v. in Washoe co., Nev., on the Cen- tral Pacific R. R., 11 mis. W. by S. of Reno. Pop. about 150. Verdierville, p. v. in Orange co., Va., 12 mis. E. N. E. of Orange Court House. Verdigris, tn. in Montgomery co., Kans. Pop. 1,052. Verdigris, tn. in Wilson co., Kans. Pop., 687. Verdigris Falls, p. o. in Greenwood co., Kans. Verdon, p. o. in Hanover co., Va. Vergenncs, p. o. in .Jackson co., 111. Vergennes, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,343. *Vergennes, city in Addison co., Vt., on the Rutland Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 21 mis. S. of Burlington, and on Otter Or. at the head of navigation. The surrounding country is rich and productive. The Cham- plain Arsenal is located here and covers 2S. acres of land. Pop., 1,570. One newspaper. ^Vermillion, p. v. and the co. seat of Clay co.. Dak. Ter., on the Missouri R. near the mouth of the Big Sioux R., and on Dakota Southern R.. R., 25 mis. S. E. of Yankton. Location of the United States land oflice for the territory. A growing place with two newspapers. Vermillion, co. in 111., E. part. Area, 1,200. sq. mis. Pop., 30,388 ; in 1860, 19,800. It borders ill the E. on Ind. The surface is generally level ; the soil fertile. Prairies abound. The CO. is drained by the Vermillion R. and its branches, which afl"ord abundant power. The Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., the Chicago, Danville & Vincennes R. R., the Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western R. R., the Paris & Danville R. R. and the Evansville, Terre Haute & Chicago R. R. intersect the CO.. Danville is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 294,364 bush.; rye, 52,476 bush.;. Indian-corn, 2,818,027 bush.; oats, 436,051 bush.;, Irish pot's, 172,558 bush.; sweet pot's, 654 bush.; butter, 032,624 lbs.; hay, .'')2,553 tons. Cash value of farms, $14,080,111. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additional to stock, etc., $3,426,816. Value of manufao- tures, $727,137. Vermillion, p. t. in Edgar cOi, lU., on the VERMILLION. 9H VERMONT. Indianapolis & St. Louis R. E., 7 mis. S. E. of Parii Pop. about .WO. Termillion, tn. in La Salleco., 111. Pop., 671. TermilHon' co. in Inrt., W. part. Area, 290 so mis. Pop., 10,R9S; in 1860, 9,422. This co. lies between the Wabash R. on the E. and the 111 state line on the W. The surface is rolhng in the southern part and level in the north- ern ; the soil uniformly excellent. Coal is ahuiKlant. The Terre Haute & Chicago R. R. passes along the Wabash R. through the co. Viewport is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 261,246 bush.; rye, 2,440 bush.; In- dian-corn, 5'.t8,322bush.; oats, 54,2.57 bush.; Irish pot's, 33,167 bush.; sweet pot's, 222 bush.; but- ter, 145,253 lbs.; hay, 9,6.50 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,148,925. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $892,741. Value of manufactures, $371,450. . T 1 D Vermillloii, tn. In Vermillion co., Ind. Pop., "> 133 Vermillion, tn. in Marshall co., Kans. Pop., 1 738. Verniillion, p. v. in the above tn., on the Central Branch of Union Pacific R. R., 8 mis. W. of Centralia. Termillion, parish in La., b. part. Pop., 4,528 ; in 18G0. 4,324. It is bounded on the N. by Bayou Queue de Tortuc ; on the S. by the Gulf of Mexico ; on the S. E. by Vermillion B., and on the W. by the Mermentou R., which lat- ter, together with the navigable Vermillion, drains the parish. The surface is level and consists partly of marshy ground and prairie. The parish is traversed in the N. part by the Texas & New Orleans R. R. Abbeville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian- corn, 111,995 bush.; sweet pot's, bush.; cotton, 969 bales; sugar, 259 hhds.; rice, 421,501 lbs. Cash value of farms. $278,975. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $177,738. Value of manu- factures, $49,145. • ,,. ^ Vermillion, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 652. Vermillion, v. in the above tn., on Hastings & Dakota R. R., 8 mis. W. S. W. of Hastings. Vermillion, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., 7!4mls. b. W. of Mexico Station. Vermillion, tn. in Erie CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,833. »Vermillion, p. v. in the above tn., on the Toledo Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 20 mis. E. S. E. of Sandusky. Pop., 721. . , . T, Vermillion, tn. in Ashland co., Ohio Pop., 2 087. Vermillion River, a tributary of the Illi- nois R. in 111.; rises in Livingston co., passes through La Salle co. and empties near La Salle. , ^, ,,. Vermillion River, a tributary of the Mis- souri in S. E. Dak. Ter.; rises in the Bois Leger Lake, has a southerly course and empties at Vermillion. Vermillion River, in La.; traverses Vermil- lion parish, and empties into Vermillion B. Vermillionville, p. v. in La Salle co., IlL, on Vermillion R., 12 mis. S. W. of Ottawa. ♦Vermillionville, p. v. and the co. seat of La Fayette parish. La., near Vermillion Bayou, 60 mis. W. by S. of Baton Rouge. Pop., 777. One newspaper. „ , ^ ^ ^ VERMONT, one of the New England states ; is hounded on the W. by N. Y., on the E by N. H., on the S. by Mass., and on the N. by the Do- minion of Canada. It extends from 42^^ to 45^ N. lat. and from 7P 25' to 73° 26' W. long., and has an area of 10,212 sq. mis. or 6,.535,680 acres. Surface.— \t. is intersected by the broad belt Of tlie Green Mts., the French name of which, "Verts Monts," has given the name to the state. Their hisihcst range trends from N. to S. nearly parallel to the western boundary, and consists of several detached ridges which, Btandmg end to end, are separated from each other by tbe valleys of the streams emptying into Lake Champlain. The highest peaks are the Equinox Mt., 3,872 feet. Mount Anthony, 2 mis. from Ben- nington ; Mt. Holly, Shrewsbury Pk., 3,345 feet, Killington Pk., 4,221 feet, Mt. Moosehillock, 4,790 feet. Camel's Hump, 4,088 feet, INIt. Mansfield, 4,430 feet and Jay's Pk. A second range, lower but more continuous than the first, branches off near Killington Pk. and trends tlirough the state in a N. N. E. direction. It forms the water- shed between the Connecticut R., which washes the eastern border of the state, and Lake Cham- plain, which washes the western. Some detach- ed mountains rise near the Connecticut I!.. Ihe most famous of which is Mt. Ascutney, .•;,320 feet, which affords magnificent views over tlio adjacent country. The Green Mts. are almost everywhere covered with forests of hemlock, spruce and other coniferous trees, and abound in grand and picturesque scenery. Along the shore of Lake Champlain extends a narrow belt of low plain. ^ . . Rivers and Lakes.— The entire eastern part of the state is drained by the Connecticut R., which separates it from N. H. an3. Vernon, tn. in Jennings CO., Ind. Pop., 2,385. *Vernon, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Vernon R. and the Madison Division of the .Jefferson ville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 22 nils. >f. N. W. of Madison. Engaged in manufacture and shipping of lime. Pop., 673. One newspaper. Vernon, tn. in Jackson co., Ind. Pop., 1,503. Vernon, tn. in Dubuciue co., Iowa. Pop., 1,243. Vernon, tn. in Van Buren CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,474. Vernon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Des Moines R. opposite Bentonport. Vernon, tn. m Wright Co., Iowa. Pop., 175. Vernon, tn. in Humboldt co., Iowa. Pop., 393. Vernon, p. v. and the co. seat of Jackson pa- rish, La., on Bayou Castor, 28 mis. S. W. of IMonroe. Vernon, tn. in Isabella co., Mich. Pop., 333. Vernon, tn. in Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop., 1,797. Vernon, p. v. in the above tn., on the Detroit & Milwaukee R. R., 5 mis. E. S. E. of Corun- na. Pop. about 529. Vernon, tn. in Blue Earth co., Minn. Pop., 665. YERNON. 917 VICKSBURGH. Ternon, tn. in Dodge co., Minn, Pop., 850. Ternoii, p. o. in the above tn. Ternon, p. o. in Madison co., Miss. Vernon, CO. in Mo., S. W. part. Pop., 11,247 ; in 1860, l.s.'iO. The surface is rolling or undu- lating, with about live-sixths prairie and one- sixth timber land, mostly alongthe river bot- toms. The soil is very productive. The prin- cipal streams are the Little Osage R., Bigand Little Dry Wood Rs. and other alfluents of the Osage. The Sedalia Division of tlie Mis- souri, Kimsas & Texas R. R. intersects the co. Nevada is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, ■'50,934 bush.; rye, 302 bush.; Indi- an-corn, 476,2.30 bush.; oats, 98,793 bush.; Irish pot's, 32,153 bush.; sweet pot's. 2.i5bush.; but- ter, 14.i, 775 ll)s.; hay, 209 tons. Cash value of farms, *3,.5G0.020. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, iTicluding additions to stock, etc., $620,.329. Value of manufactures, $142,214. Vernon, tn. in Clarke co., Mo. Pop., 902. Vernon, tn. in Sussex co., N. J. Pop., 1,979. *Vernon, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. W. of Warwick, N. Y. Vernon, tn. in Oneida co., JST. Y. Pop., 2,840. Vernon, p. v. in the above tn., 5]^ mis. S. of Verona. Pop., 391. Vernon, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 930. Vernon, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. of Burghill. Vernon, tn. in Clinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,513. Vernon, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., 988. Vernon, tn. in Scioto co., Ohio. Pop., 1,924. Vernon, p. o. in Mai'ion co., Orcg. Vernon, p. o. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Vernon, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,615. Vernon, p. o. in Hickman co., Tenn. Vernon, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 764. Vernon, p. v. in the above In., on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 5 mis. S. of Brattlebo- rough. Vernon, co. in Wis., S. W. part. Area, 850 sq. mis. Pop., 18,645. The surface is undulating and consists largely of prairies ; the soil is a fertile loam. The Mississippi R. divides the CO. from Iowa, and Kickapoo R. flows from N. to S. through the central part. Viroqua is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 652,()',i4 bush.; rye, 2,829 bush.; Indian-corn, 290,- 846 bush.; oats, 445,526 bush.; Irish pot's, S2,349 bush.; butter, 484,741 lbs.; hay, 20,237 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,748,290. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,433,527. Value of manufactures, $469,681. Vernon, tn. in Waukesha co.. Wis. Pop., 1,180. Vernon, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. E. of Genesee Depot. Vernon Centre, p. v. in Blue Earth co. , Minn., on the Blue Earth R., 11 mis. S. of Lake Crys- tal. Vernon Centre, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., 9 mis. S. S. E. of Verona. Vernon I>epot, p. v. in Tolland co., Conn., on the Hartford, Providence & Fishkill R. R. and at southern terminus of Rockville Bi-anch R. R.. 16 mis. N. E. of Hartford. Vernon Hill, p. o. in Halifax co., Va. Vernon Ittills, p. o. in Fauquier CO., Va. Vernon Springs, tn. in Howard CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,450. Vernonville, p. o. in Spartanburgh district, S. 0. Verona, p. o. in Poweshiek co., Iowa. Verona, p. v. in Boone co., Ky., on the Loui.s- vllle, Cincinnati & TjCxington R. R., 5 mis. S. S. \V. of Walton. Pop. about 200. Verona, tn. in Hancock co.. Me. Pop., 352. Verona, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 276. Verona, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Pop., 607. Verona, p. v. in Lee co.. Miss., on the Mobile I'lt Ohio R. R., 5 mis. S. of Tupelo, the co. seat. Pop. about 500. Verona, p. t. in Lawrence CO., Mo., on the At- lantic & Pacific R. R., 37 mis. W. S. W. of Springfield. Has active trade and growing interest in manufactures. Pop., 240. One newspaper. Verona, p. v. in Essex co., N. J., 2 mis. N. W. of Mont Clair. Verona, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 5,757. Verona, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York Central R. R., 9mls. S. W. of Rome. Pop., 22i). Verona, p. v. in Westmoreland co., Pa., near the Pennsylvania Central R. R., 4 mis. N. E. of New Florence. Verona, p. o. in Marshall co., Tenn. Verona, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 1,125. Verona, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. S. W. of Madison. Verona Alills, p. v. in Huron co., Mich., 12 mis. W. by S. of Sand Beach. Verplank, p. v. in Westchester co., N. Y., on the E. bank of the Hudson R., 4 mis. S. S. W. of Peekskill. Pop.. 1,500. Versailles, p. o. in New London co.. Conn. Versailles, tn. in Browii co.. 111. Pop., 1,471. ♦Versailles, p. v. in the above tn., on the To- ledo. VV abash & Western R. R., 9 mis. S. E. of of Mt. Sterling, the co. seat. ♦Versailles, p. v. and the co. seat of Ripley CO., Ind., on Laugherey Cr., 6 mis. S. S. E. of Osgood on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R. Has rich agricultural surroundings and an active local trade. Pop., 495. Two newspapers. Versailles, p. v. and the co. seat of Woodford. CO., Ky., a few mis. E. of Kentucky R., 10 mis. S. S. fi. of Frankfort. Has important manu- facturing interests and is surrounded by a rich agricultural and stock-raising region. Pop., 3,268. One newspaper. Versailles, tn. in Morgan co.. Mo. Pop., 503. ♦Versailles, p. v. in the above tu. and the co. seat, 16 mis. S. of Tipton on the Atlantic & Pacific R. R. Extensive interests in mining of lead, coal, iron and copper found in the vicinity. Three newspapers. Versailles, p. v. in Cattaraiigus co., N. Y., on Cattaraugus Cr., 4 mis. N. of Perrysburgh. ♦Versailles, p. v. in Darke co., Ohio, on the Indianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Co- lumbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 18 nils. W. of Sidney. Pop. about 630. Versailles, ]i. o. in Rutherford co., Tenn. Vershire, tn. in Orange co., Vt. Pop., 1.140. Vershire, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. N. N. W. of East Thetford. Vesper, p. o. in Lincoln co., Kans. Vesper, p. v. in Onondaga co., N. Y., 4 mis. N. W. of Tully. Vesta, p. V. in Johnson co., Nebr., 9 mis. W. by S. of Tecumseh, the co. seat. Vestal, tn. in Broome co., N. Y. Pop., 2,221. Vestal, p. o. in the above tu. Vestal Centre, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. Veteran, tn. in Chemung co., N.Y. Pop., 2,479. Veto, p. o. in Washington co., Ohio. ♦Vevay, p. v. and the co. seat of Switzerland CO., Ind., on the Ohio R., opposite Ghent, Ky., and 16 mis. above Madison. A Swiss settle- ment of 1804; an active shipping point and im- portant hay mart. Pop. about 1,200. Two newspapers. Vevay, tn. in Ingham co., Mich. Pop., 2,332. Vibbard, p. o. in Rey co.. Mo. Vicar, p. o. in Russell Co., Va. Vicar's Switch, p. o. in Montgomery CO., Va. VicUery's Creek, p. v. in Forsyth co., Ga., 10 mis. N. of Orrsville. Pop., inclusive of tn., 940. VicKeryville, p. o. in Montcalm co..Mich. VicUsbnrgli, p. o. in Jewell co., Kans. Vicksbnrgh, p. v. in Kalamazoo co., Mich., on Southern Division of Chicago & Lake Huron R. R., at crossing of Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 6 mis. N. E. of Sghoolcraft. Pop. about 600. Vicksborgli, p. o. in Renville co., Minn. VICKSBI7KGH. 91.8 VIGO. ♦Ticksbnrgh, citj-aiid co. seat of Wavren co., Miss., on E. bank of Mississippi 11., at mouth of Yazoo R. and at W. terminus of Vicksburgli & Meridian R. R., 400 mis. above New Orleans, 140 mis. W. of Meridian and about 400 mis. S. of Memphis. It is picturesquely situated on a succession of bold bluffs, lias irregular streets, and enjoys an active river commerce. As a shipping point for cotton it is one of the most Important on the Mississippi N. of New Orleans. The city suffered a protracted siege and very nearly total destruction during the rebellion, but lias been mostly rebuilt, with a change of its business quarters to positions higher up on the uluffs. It was founded about 45 years ago by a family of Vicks, many of wliose descendants still remain. Pop. in 1840, ;i,104 ; in 1850, 3,678 ; in 18(50, 4,591 ; in 1870, 12,443 : 11,027 of whom were natives of the United States and 1,416 foreign born. Five news- papers. Vieksburgrii, p. o. in Union co.. Pa. VioUsville, p. o. in Southampton co., Va. Victor, tn. in De Kalb co., 111. Pop., 926. ^Victor, p. V. in Iowa co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Paci- fic R. R . 12 mis. W. S. W. of Marengo, the co. seat. Pop. about 800. Vjftor, tn. in Clinton co., Mich. Pop., 940. Victor, p. v. in the above tn., 5)4 mis. S. of Sliepardsville. Victor, tn. in Wright co., Minn. Pop., 596. Victor, tn. in Ontario co., N. Y. Pop., 2,437. * Victor, p. V. in the above tn., on the Syracuse & Rochester Branch of the New York Central R. R.,!)% mis. N. W. of Canandaigua. Pop., 506. Victor Centre, p. o. in DeKalb co.. III. Victoria, tn. in JeB'ei'son co.. Ark. Pop., 1,263. Victoria, p. o. in Coffee co., Ala. Victoria, tn. in Knox co.. 111. Pop., 1,190. Victoria, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. E. of Altooiia. Victoria, co. in Tex., S. E. part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 4,860; in I860, 4,171. The surface is low and level and consists chiefly of produc- tive prairies. The bottom-lands along the streams are well timbered. The Guadalupe R. flows through the co. from N. to S. and joins the San Antonio R., which forms the southern boundary. Arenosa Cr. forms the eastern boundary and empties into Lavaca B. at the S. E. corner of the co. Victoria is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian- corn, 71,078 bush.; oats, 425 bush.; Irish pot's, •2,231 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,129 bush.; butter, 10,- 822 lbs.; hay, 397 tons. Cash value of farms, $240,743. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $182,191. Value of manufactures, $149,207. Victoria, p. v. and the co. seat of the above CO., on the Guadalupe R., at N. W. terminus of Gulf, West Texas & Paeiflc R. R , 40 mis. N. W. of Indianola and 35 mis. N. W. of Port Lavaca. It is in a fertile agricultural region and ctiiitre of an active produce trade. 'One newspaper. Pop., 2,.W4. Victoria Station, p. v. in .Jefferson co.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 40 mis S. S. W. of St. Louis. Pop. about 250. Victory, p. o. in Carroll co.. Ga. Victory, tn. in Mason co., Mich. Pop., 314. Victory, p. v. in the above tn., 7J^ inls. E. by N. of Lincoln. Victory, tn. in Cayuga co., N. Y. Pop., 1 898. Victory, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. N. of Pfu-t Byron. Pop., 170. Victory, tn. in Essex co., Vt. Pop., 263. Victory, p. o. in the above tn. Victory, p. v. in Vernon co.. Wis., on the Mis- sissippi R., 30 mis. S. of La Crosse. Victory jHilis, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., 14U mis. N. by E. of Mechanicsville. Pop., 870. Vidalla, p. v. and the co. seat of Concordia Parish, La., on Mississippi R. opposite Nat- chez. An important cotton mart. One news- paper. Vlele, p. V. in Lee co., Iowa, on the Burlington & Keokuk Division of Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., at eastern terminus of Burling- ton & 'Southwestern R. R., 25 mis. S. S. W. ot Burlington and 17 mis. N. by W. of Keokuk. Vienna, v. in Pickens co., Ala. Vienna, p. v. and the co. seat of Dooly co., Ga., 28 mis. E. by N. of Americus. Vienna, tn.'in Johnson co.. 111. Pop., 1,496. ♦Vienna, p. v. in the above tn.. and the co. seat, on Cairo & Vincennes R. R., 34 mis., N. E. of Cairo. Has large trade in tobacco, fruit and the cereals. Pop., 550. One newspaper. Vienna, tn. in Grundy co.. 111. Pop., 900. Vienna, tn. in Scott co., Ind. Pop., 1,510. Vienna, p. v. in the above tn., on the .leffer- sonville, Madison & Indianapolis R. R., 20 mis. S. by K. of Seymour and 16 mis. N. by W, of Jeffersonville. Pop., 300. Vienna, v. in De Kalb co., Ind., on the St. Jo- seph R., 7 mis. S. of Butler. The p. o. is New- ville. Vienna, v. in Rush co., Ind. (See Steele's, the p. o.) Vienna, tn. in Marshall co., Iowa. Pop., 905. Vienna, p. o. in the above tn. Vienna, tn. in Pottawatomie co., Kaiis. Pop., 1,288. Vienna, p. v. in the above tn., 18 mis. N. E. of Louisville, the co. seat. Vienna, p. o. in Clarke co., Ky. Vienna, p. v. in Jackson parish. La., 16 mis. W. by N. of Vernon, the co. seat. Vienna, p. v. in Dorchester co., Md., on Nanti- coke R., 20 mis. E. by S. of Cambridge. En- gaged in fishing and coast trade. One news- paper. Vienna, tn. in Kennebec Co., Me. Pop., 740. Vienna, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. W. by N. of Readfleld Station. Vienna, tn. in Genesee co., Mich. Pop., 1,916. Vienna, v. in Monroe co., Mich., on Detroit Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan South- ern R. R., 10 mis. S. by W. of Monroe Junc- tion. The p. o. is Erie. Vienna, p. v. and the co. seat of Maries co.. Mo., 19 mis. N. N. W. of Dixon. Vienna, p. v. in Warren co., N. J., 4 mis. W. N. W. of Hackettstown. Vienna, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 3,180. Vienna, p. v. in the above tn., 2^ mis. E.by N. of North Bay. Pop., IX. Vienna, p. o. in Forsyth co., N. C. Vienna, tn. in Trumijull co., Ohio. Pop. J.,132. Vienna, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. E. of Warren, the co. seat. Vienna, v. in Clarke co., Ohio. (See Vienna Cross Roads.) Vienna, p. o. in Lavaca co., Tex. Vienna, p. v. in Fairfax co., Va., on the Wash- ington & Ohio R. R., 15 mis. N. W. of Alexan- dria. Pop. about 500. Vienna, p. v. in Walworth CO., Wis., 6 mis. N. N. W. of Burlington. Vienna, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 1,170. Vienna Cross Roads, p. v. in Clark co., Ohio, •i]4 mis. N. of Plattsburgh. Pop., 239. Vigo, CO. in Ind., W. part. Area, 400 sq. mis. Pop., 34,.5,54; in 1860, 22,.517. It is intersected by the Wabash R. and Honey Cr. The surface is slightly undulating and consists of timber- lands and some .small prairies. Tlie soil is uniformly excellent. Three railroads pass through the co., intersecting each other at Terre Haute, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, a54,l32 bush.; rye, 6,322 bush.; Indian-corn, 832,372 bush.; oats, 96,179 bush.; Irish pot's, 144,319 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,749 bush.; butter, 316,076 lbs.; hay. 13,950 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,766,583. 'Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $1,695,229. Value of mau- ufactures, $4,102,151. VIGO. 919 VIRGIL. Tlgo, tn. in Knox CO., Ind. Pop., 2,426. Tig-o, p. o. in the v. of Londonderry, In Ross CO., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 12 mis. S. E. of Chillicothe. Pop., 75. Villa, p. o. in Franklin co., Va. Tlllag'e, tn. in Jackson co.. Ark. Pop., 660, Tlllag-e, tn. in Van Jiuren co., Iowa. Pop., 1,.540. Village Creek, p. o. in the v. of Milton, in Allamakee co., Iowa, 5 mis. S. of Lansing. Villa tJreen, p. o. in Hanover co., Va. Villa Grove, p. o. in Sag-nache co., Colo Ter. Village Green, p. v. in Delaware co.. Pa., 2 mis. S. of Glen Riddle. Village Springs, p. o. in Blount co., Ala. Villamont, tn. in Arkansas co.. Ark. Pop., 407. Villanova, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 1.401. Villanova, p. o. in the above tn. Villanoiv, p. o. in Walker co., Ga. Villa Rica, p. v. in Carroll co., Ga., 15 mis. N. E. of CiirroUton, the co. seat. Villa Ridge, p. v. in Pulaski co.. 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., 12 mis. N. of Cairo. Villa Platte, p. o. In St. Landry parish, La. *Villisca, p. V. in Montgomery co., Iowa, on the Burlington & Missouri River R. R., 16 mis. E. S. E. of Red Oak. the co. seat. Has large trade in grain and live stock. Pop., 457. One newspaper. Villnla, p. V. in Russell co., Ala., 3 mis. S. of Scale's Station on the Mobile & Girard R. R. Vina, p. o. in Tehama co., Cal. Vinalhaven, tn. in Knox co.. Me. Pop., 1,851. Vincennes, tn. in Knox co., Ind. Pop., 6,866. *Vincennes, city, and co. seat of Knox co., Ind., on the E. bank of Wabash R., here navi- gable for steamboats, 51 mis. N. of Evansville, 58 mis. S. of Terre Haute and 116 mis. S. S. W. of Indianapolis. The city Is pleasantly situated at the border of a large and fertile prairie, and enjoys a fine trade with its surroundings. Its facilities render it an important shipping point for the cereals and other agricultural products. It is at the intersection of tlje Evaiisville & Crawfordsville R. R. and at S. W. terminus of Indianapolis & Vincennes R. R. It ranks as the oldest settlement in the state, being settled by French Canadians as early as 1735. It was the territorial capital until 1813. Its manufacturing interests are varied and growing. Pop. in 18.50, 2,070 ; in 1860, 3,960 ; in 1870, 5,440, 4,344 of whom are natives of the United States, and 1,096 foreign born. Six newspapers. Vincennes, p. v. in Lee co., Iowa, on the Des Moines Valley R. R., 14 mis. N. W. of Keokuk. Vincent, p. o. in St. Clair co., Mich. Vincent, p. v. in Washington co., Ohio, on the 3Iarietta & Cincinnati R. R., 10 mis. W. S. W. of Marietta. Pop., 162. Vincent, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 6 mis. N. W. of Phoenixville. Vincentown, p. v. in Burlington co., N. J., on S. branch of Rancocas R., at S. E. terminus of Vincentown Branch of Ambov Division of Pennsylvania R. R., 1% mis. by rail S. S. E. of Mt. Holly. Pop. about 700. Vinegar Hill, tn. in Jo Daviess co., 111. Pop., 693. Vine Grove, p. o. in Hardin co., Ky. Vineland, p. o. in Yellow Medicine CO., Minn. Vineland, p. v. in Jefferson co.. Mo., on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain R. R., 5 mis. S. W. of De Soto. ♦Vineland, p. v. in Cumberland co., N. J., on the Cape May, Millville & Vineland Division of West Jersey R. R., 34 mis. S. E. of Phila- delphia. A rapidly growing place, engaged in horticulture, fruit growing and general manufactures. Pop. about 3,000. Two news- papers. Vine Prairie, tn. in Crawford co., Ark. Pop. 338. Vine's Mills, p. o. in Worth co., Ga. Vine's Springs, p. o. in Ripley CO., Ind. Vine Valley, p. o. in Yates co., N. Y. Vinewood, p. o. in Clarke co., Kj'. Vineyard, tn. in Washington co., Ark. Pop., 887. Vineyard, p. o. in Tama co., Iowa. Vineyard, tn. in Lawrence co.. Mo. Pop., 1,419. Vineyard Groves, p. v. in Dukes co., Mass., 21-^ mis. E. of Vineyard Haven. ♦Vineyard Haven, p. v. in Dukes co., Mass., on Martha's Vineyard Island. It has an ex- cellent harbor, is engaged in the fisheries, and lies 28 mis. S. E. of New Bedford. Its former name was Holmes Hole. Vineyard Hill, p. o. in Adams co., Ohio. Viney Grove, p. o. in Washington co., Ark. Vining Station, p. o. in Cobb co., Ga. Vinta, p. V. in Cherokee Nation, Ind. Ter., at present S. W. terminus of Atlantic & Pacific R. R., at crossing of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 123 mis. S. W. of Springfield, Mo. Vinland, p. o. in Douglas co.. Kans. Vinland, tn. in Winnebago co.. Wis. Pop., 1,206. Vinland, p. o. in the above tn. *Vinton, ]x v. and the co. seat of Benton co., Iowa, on Red Cedar R. and on the Burlinarton, Ccflar Rapids & Minnesota R. R., 25 mis. N. W. of Cedar Rapids. Has fine agricultural sur- roundings, and is quite a trade center. Rising manufacturing interests. Location of State Institution for the Blind. Pop., 2,460. Three newspapers. Vinton, p. o. in Riley co., Kans. Vinton, p. o. in Bates CO., Mo. Vinton, co. in Ohio, S. part. Area, 419 sq. mis. Pop., 15,027 ; in 1860, 1,3,631. The surface is un- dulating and the soil very productive. Salt and Raccoon Crs. traverse it from N. to S. The Main Line and the Portsmouth Branch ol the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R. intersect the CO. McArthur is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 44,292 bush.; rye, 2,366 bush.; Indian-corn, 342,211 bush.; oats, 59,824 bush.; Irish pot's, 41,052 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,6.54 bush.; butter, 245,714 lbs.; hay, 12,341 tons. Cash value of farms, 13,340,474. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, inclu- ding additions to stock, etc., $959,033. Value of manufactures, .|736,591. Vinton, p. v. in Gallia CO., Ohio, 2314 mis. N. W. of Gallioplis. Pop., 137. Vinton, tn. in Vinton CO., Ohio. Pop., 656. Vinton Station, p. o. in the v. of Vinton Fur- nace, in Vinton CO., Ohio, on the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., 24 mis. S. W. of Athens and 4 mis. S. of Zaleski. Viola, p. o. in Fulton CO., Ark. Viola, tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., 639. Viola, p. V. in Mercer co.. 111., on the Galva, New Boston & Keithsburgh Division of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 7 mis. E. of Aledo. Pop., 407. Viola, p. V. in Linn CO., Iowa, on the Dubuque Southwestern R. R., 12 mis. N. E. of Marion. Pop. al)Out 11.3. Viola, tn. in Olmstead co., Minn. Pop., 728. Viola, p. o. in Warren co., Tenn. Viola, p. V. in Richland co., Wis., 23 mis. N. W. of Richland Centre, the co. seat. Viola Station, p. v. in Graves co., Ky., on the Paducah & Gulf R. R., 16 mis. S. of Paducah. Violy, p. o. in Blount Co., Ala. Viona, p. o. in Humboldt co., Iowa. Violet, tn. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Pop., 2,087. *Virden, p. v. in Macoupin co.. 111., on the Chi- cago & Alton R. R., at S. E. terminus of -Jack- sonville, Northwestern & Southeastern R. R., 22 mis. S. W.of Springfield. An important grain mart and center of an active trade. Pop. about 1,700. Two newspapers. Virgil, V. in Fulton co.. 111., a few mis. E. of Piairie City. Virgil, tn. in Kane co., lU. Pop., 1,273. VIRGIL. 920 VIRGINIA. Virgil, p. o. in Greenwood co., Eans. Virgil, tu. in Cortland CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,889. Virgil, p. V. m the above tn., 6 mis. S. of Cort- land ♦Virgil City, p. v. in Cedar co., Mo., 15 mis. N. W. of Stockton. Virgin City, p. v. in Kane co., Utah Ter., 8 mis. from Toquerville. Pop., 2-24. VIRGINIA, one of the 13 original states of the Union; is bounded on the N. by Md. and W. Va., on the E. by Chesapeake B. and the Atlantic Ooean, on the S. by N. C. and Tenn., and on the W. by Kv. and VV. Va. It extends from 36° 30' to 39° 27' N. iat., and from 75= 10' to 83° 30' W. long., and lias an area of 38,348 sq. mis., or 24,542,720 acres. Surface. — Va. is naturally divided into 7 sec- tions or belts, extending through it from N. E. to S. W., parallel with the general trend of the Atlantic coast. 1. The Tide-water Country embi-aces the large peninsulas that have tlieir outline washed by the tidal waters of the Chesapeake B. or by the Atlantic Ocean. It is about 100 mis. in width and over 120 nils, in length, making an area of nearly 12,000 sq. mis. The tidal creeks penetrate far into each separate peninsula, are mostly wide and deep, and in some of the broad estua- ries, as Hampton Roads, Elizabeth 11., Vork R., and elsewhere, the largest vessels afloat can easily reach the wharves. The water-sheds rarely exceed 100 feet in height above tlie sea. In some of the peninsulas are large swamps — like the Great Dismal — valuable for the fine cy- press, pine, oak and other timber in and around them. The rank cane vegetation of their bor- ders furnishes a vast supply of material for the manufacture of paper. Large forests of pine still abound, and the lumber sliips run to the vicinity of the steam saw mills for their car- goes. 2. The Middle Country has very nearly the shape of a right-angled triangle, its base of 130 mis. resting on the N. C. state line ; the right angle is on the E. and the perpendicular extends northward, past tlie heads of the tidal creeks to the Potomac, while the hj-pothenuse of 220 mis. runs with the broken ranges of the South West Mts. at the border of thePiedmont Coun- try. Its area is about 12,000 sq. mis., divided into 21 cos. The great variety of composi- tion in the basis rocks lias given a correspond- ing variety to the soils of this region, and they are found possessed of all degrees of fertility, from the poor gray ridges forming the water- sheds of the principal streams to the rich dark bottom-lands along the streams themselves. The tobacco of this section is noted for its flue quality, and the wheat for the perfection of its ripeness, making it desirable to grind into flour for exportation to warm climates. Large por- tions of the counti'y are covered with forests of oak and pine. 3. The Piedmont Country is composed of the tier of 13 cos. lying adjacent to and E. of the Blue Ridge, and is about 250 mis. long and 25 mis. wide. Its eastern limit is about 500 feet above tide-water, and the irregular mountains "which rise on it are from 500 to 800 feet higher ; but they are of easy access and generally fertile to their summits. The country between these mountains and the Blue Ridge is made up of numberless valleys surrounded by hills and ridges having an endless variety of forms. The principal of these ridges are iJull Mt., in Pat- rick CO.; Turkey Cock Mt. and Chestnut Mt., in Franklin co.; Buffalo Ridge, in Amherst co.. Green, Carter and South West Mts., in Albe- marle CO.; Pig Nut Mt. and Bull Run Mt., in Fairfax co., and Catoctin Mt. in Loudoun co. Nothing can exceed the beauty of the round and inclosed valleys, locally known as "coves." The soil is of exuberant fertility and the crops heavy and of excellent quality. i. The Blue Ridge extends ior more than 300 mis. diagonally across the state, varying In width from 3 mis. at the gorge, through which the Potomac R. bursts at Harper's Perry, to more tliau 20 mis., near the Tenn. state line, where it expands into a broken concave plateau drained by New R. The general elevation of the Blue Ridge above the sea level isl,8U0 feet near the Potomac, whence it increases toward the S. W. until at White Top, on the Tenn. border, it reaches 5,000 feet. It is generally 2,000 feet above the great Atlantic plain, and from 1,000 to 1,500 above the Virginia Valley in tlie W. The Blue Ridge occupies about 3,000 sq. mis. of Va., most of which is covered with a fine growth of oak, hickory, chestnut and tulip-poplar forests. The soil is especially adapted to the requirements of the grape-vine, and the topography is such, that almost anj- aspect can be chosen for a vine- yard. Numerous vineyards are now in success- ful operation. At Belmont, near Front Ro5^al, is one, covering 75 acres, and producing 20,000 gals, of wine and 10.000 gals, of brandy. Apples, pears, peaches, and other fruits of a temperate climate, here attain a flavor and perfection rarely attained elsewhere. The passes which lead across the Blue Ridge and thus connect the Piedmont with the great valley, are numer- ous and commodious, as Snicker's Gap, Ash- by's Gap, Manassas Gap, Chester Gap, Thorn- ton's Gap, Swift Run Gap, Brown's Gap, Rock- fish Gap, White's Gap, Petit's Gap, Buford's Gap, Kennedy's Gap, Mowbray's Gap, Flower Gap and others. The principal peaks are Thun- der Hill, Flat Top, Peaks of Otter, 3,995 feet ; Weavtti-'s Knob, Buffalo Knob, etc. 5. The Valley of Virginia lies W. of the Blue Ridge ; is about 320 mis. in length and averages 25 mis. in widtli. It is the central jiortion of what is known as the great Appalachian Val- ley, a belt of limestone land extending for 1,500 mis., from the St. Lawrence R. to the Alabama R., famous for its fertility and the surpassing beauty of its scenery. Tlie Virginia Valley is better known by the names of its suljdivisions, as the Shenandoah, James, Roanoke, New River and Holston Valleys, which succeed each other in the order given," from the Potomac ly to tlio Tenn. state line. Ranges of remarkably long, straight, narrow and steep mountains, parallel and standing in echelon, form the western boundary of the valley, having various local names, as the Little North, Walker's, Clinch, etc.. but known by the collective term of Kit- tatinny.the Indian name, meaning the "End- less." The valley is composed of a seiies of as- cending and descending planes, rising from levels of from 600 to 1,0U0 feet to those of 2,000 or 2,.'i00 feet. These slopes are either N. E. or S. W.; but the whole valley has a very decided inclination, beside, to tlie S. E., the western edge being generally 500 or 600 feet higher than the eastern. It follows from these data that the streams flow eastwardly and their united wa- ters flnd a channel at the very western base of the mountains, until they can flnd a passage through them. These streams arc very wind- ing, and in some cases five times the length of the air-line distance from source to mouth. The valley contains over 5,000,000 of acres of land, barely one-third of which is under any kind of cultivation. The forests are great park- like groves of many kinds of oak, hickory, locust, walnut and yellow pine, with little or no undergrowth. The timber of these trees is of superior quality for manufacturing purpo- ses. The valley is an extremely rich farming and grazing region covered with natural grass- es, especially the blue grass that forms peren- nial pastunis, famed for their fattening quali- ties. The climate is a happy medium between the extremes of N. and S., and may be charac- terized as the mild-temperate. 6. The Appalachian Country succeeds the valley on the W. It is a belt over 360 mis. long, varying in width from 20 to 50 mis. and having VIRGINIA. 921 VIRGINIA. an area in this state of over 6,000 sq. mis. In general terms it may be described as a series of comparatively narrow and long parallel val- leys, separated by ranges of mountains equally parallel, long and narrow and of considerable elevation. The beads of the valleys are some 2,500 feet in elcvation,and they descend to froin 800 to 1,500. Tlie mountains are from 3,000 to 4,000 feet in altitude. The soil of the valleys is very productive and the grass, corn and root crops are famous for abundance and quality. As a beef producing region, the Appalachian Country surpasses any other in the eastern por- tion of tlie United States. Tlie following are the principal ranges : tlie Great and Little North Mt., the Cow Pasture, or Shenandoah, Mt., Warm Spring Mt., Alleghany Mts., forming the western boundary of Highland, Bath and Alle- ghany COS.; Rich Patch Mt., Peters Mt., Flat Top Mt., Clinch Mt., Powell's Mt. and Cumber- land Mts., the latter separating Lee and Wise COS., the western extremity of the state, from Ky. 7. The Trans- Appalachian Country is the last section of the state, and embraces mainly the cos. of Wise and Buchanan. It is about 2,.500 feet high, and forms a plane inclined to west- ward at a low angle, from which the streams have eroded channels to a great depth (inmany places 1,000 feet deep). Along the rivers are alluvial bottoms of great fertility. The roll- ing uplands are well timbered with forests of birch, walnut, maple, tulip-poplar, oak and pine. Rivei-s.—The largest part of Va. belongs to the drainage system of Chesapeake B., the southern part of which belongs to it, while tlie northern extends into Md. The Potomac R., "Which forms the northern boundary of the state, rises in two branches in the Appalachian Country, receives the Shenandoah R., breaks, at Harpers Ferry, through a gap in the Blue Kidge, and empties through a wide estuarj^ into Chesapeake B. It is navigable for the largest vessels to Alexandria and for smaller boats to Georgetown. The Rappahannock R. rises in the Blue Ridge, receives the Rapidan R. and is navigable to Fredericksburgh. York R. is formed by the confluence of the Mata- pony and Pamiinkey Rs., and is navigable to Yorktown. The James R. is formed by several branches rising in the Appalachian Country, intersects the Viriginia Valley, and after break- ing through the Blue Ridge flows in an easterly direction through the Piedmont, the IMiddle and the Tide-water countries. It is navigable as far as Richmond. Nottoway and Meherrin Rs., the branches of the Chowan R., which empties into Albemarle Sound, drain the S. E. part of the state, while the Roanoke R., with Its branches, drains the southern part of the Middle Country. The southern portion of the Blue Ridge is drained by the New R., the lower course of which is called the Great Kanawha R., while the Appalachian Country includes the sources of Powells Cr., Clinch R. and Holston R. and other small branches of the Tennessee R. Buchanan co., and the greater part of Wise co., are drained by the branches of the West Fork of the Big Sandy R. The Climate of Va. is on the whole mild and salubrious. The Tide-water Country has long and hot summers, mild winters, and is not altogether free from malarious diseases. Its mean annual temperature varies from 5G to 60 degrees. From here westward the mean an- nual temperature decreases, until it sinks down in the higher parts of the Blue Ridge to 48 degrees. In the Appalachian Country it rises to over 52 degrees. The rain-fall is abund- ant for the support of a luxuriant vegetation, and averages, in the larger part of the state, from 40 to 44 inches. Population.— In. 1607 Capt. John Smith founded the settlement at .Jamestown, on the .Tames K., which was the flrst,not only in the state, but on the continent, made by Englishmen. The settlement gradually extended inland, along the James R., and increased in population and prosperity. In 1716 Gov. Alexander Spotts- wood, leading a party of friends, crossed the Blue Ridge and discovered the Shenandoah Valley, which was subsequently settled by " Scotch-Irish " and Germans froiii Pa. In 1790 the population was 747,610 ; in 1800, 880,200 ; in 1810, 974,600; in 1820, 1,065,116; in 1830, 1,211,405; in 1S40, 1,239,797; in 1850, 1,421,661 ; in 1860, 1,596,- 318, and (after the erection of W. Va. into a sep- arate state) in 1870, 1,22.5,163. Of these there were 712,08!) white, 512,841 colored and 229 Indian. In regard to nativitj'the pop. was distributed as follows: The natives of the United States numbered 1,211,409, inclusive of 1,162,822 natives of Va. antl W. Va., and the natives of foreign countries 13,754, of whom 327 were born in Brit- ish America, 369 in France, 4,050 in Germany, 1,909 in England, 5,191 in Ireland, and 705 in Scotland. The population of 10 years of age and over numbered 890,056, of whom 412.6fi5 were engaged in all classes of occupations, viz. : 244,550 in ag- riculture, 98,.521 in professional and personal services, 20.181 in trade and transportation, and 49,413 in manufactures and mechanical and min- ing industries. Minerals and Mining. — \a.. is as rich in min- eral treasures as any of the states E. of the Rocky Mts. Midway in the Middle Country is a strip of land from 15 to 20 mis. in width, and running for 200 mis. through the state, that has long been known as the "gold belt." Large amounts of gold have been taken from it, especially near the Rappahannock and James Rs., and small quantities are constantlj' being obtained from surface washings. Iron is very abundant throughout the state. Magnetic, micaceous and specular ores are found interstratifled with the other formations in the Piedmont. Brown hematite iron ores occur in very extensive deposits in the ranges of foot hills lying along the western base of the Blue Ridge. "They yield from 60 to 65 per cent, of metallic iron. The western flank of the table-land in the S. W. is known as the " Iron Mountain," from the quantity of ore there ex- posed, and where the New R. leaves the Ridge, at Radford Furnace, the stratum of ore is over 30 feet in thickness. Large beds of manganese of excellent quality are found in tlie same ranges of hills near these hematite ores. The Appalachian Country also abounds in iron ores of a superior quality, and favorably situated for mining. A stratum of brown hema- tite ore of from 30 to 50 feet in thickness under- lies the sand-stone strata of the mountain ranges bordering the Virginia Valley on the W. Some of the ranges further W. bear "these valu- able ores on their crests— for example, the Iron Knobs at Elizabeth Furnace, near the line of the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R. A very persistent stratum of hematite ore, known locally as dye- stone, because sometimes used for coloring purposes, runs through the Poor Valley Ridge, the Great Flat Top Mt. and other western ranges. This stratum extends from Ala. to N. Y., where it is known as the highly-prized " Clinton ore." Sulphurets of iron and copper occur in the gold belt. Copper ores are less abundant than iron ores, but occur in sufflcient quantities to promise great results when properly developed. The primary rocks of the Blue Ridge inclose con- siderable deposits of good quality. The sul- phurets of copper found at various localities along the Chesapeake & Ohio R. R. are mined to some extent and sent to market, but will yield larger profits with the introdmstion of cheap coal, which has just begun. VIRGINIA. 922 VIRGINIA. Mines of learl and barj'tes have been opened at various places iu the Piedmont, which also abounds in manganese, plumbago and flre-clay. Several coal fields, extending in detached oval masses from near Richmond to the S. W., occupy depressions in the underly- ing granite. On the N. side of the James R. five seams of coal have been opened in this field, varying in thickness from -l]^ to 8 feet, giving an aggregate of more than 20 feet, as at Carbon Hill. In the Appalachian Country beds of anthra- cite coal have been found. In Wythe co., beyond New R., the outlying west- ern ranges of the Blue Ridge contain extensive deposits of lead and zinc ores, pronounced by competent authority to be of the best quality. Lead mines have there been worked to some extent and with fair profits for more than 100 years. Fire-clay is also a prominent product of the Blue Ridge. At one place in Augusta co. it is used in the manufacture of Rockiughaui ware. In Washington and Smyth cos., on the North Fork of the Holstou ii., are extensive beds of Uypsum, or plaster-of-paris, which is exten- eively used as a fertilizer, especially upon the grass lands. In the same region are deposits of rock salt, that have been penetrated more than a hun- dred feet in sinking wells to supply brine to the extensive works at Saltville. The annual production there is very large. In Mercer and Scott cos. salt wells have been bored, which also yield a good article. Mineral springs in great variety, as sulphur, chalybeate and others are found in numei-ous localities in the great valley, and in the narrow valleys of the Appalachian ranges. The min- eral wealth of the Tide-water Country consists in its green sand and other marls that abound in all parts of it and are highly valued fertilizers. Agriculture. — Va. abounds in lands of the greatest fertility, and has but few and compar- atively small sections that are unfit for cultiva- tion. The great valley, the bottom-lands along the streams of the Middle Country, the valleys of the Appalachian, and the Tide-water Coun- try, have all a soil of unsurpassed productive- ness. Even the Blue Ridge is almost every wliere cultivable to the crest, and many well cultivated farms maybe seen in the highest parts of it. Only the crests of the Appalachian i-anges, the sandy water-sheds of the Middle Country and the swamps in the Tide-water Country are not adapted to the purposes of the farmer. The character of the soil, the early opening of spring, and their accessibility, have made the sea-board cos. the market garden for the large cities on the Atlantic coast, and already tlie products of a small portion of the country around Norfolk bring an annual return of over S'20,000,000. Kspecially is this region noted for the production of peaches, pears and straw- berries, and the fig thrives also and bears abun- dantly. In 1870 there were in the state 73,849 farms, of which '.>G,i!9t) had from 100 to 50i) acres ; 17,208 from 50 to 100 acres, and 16,891 from 20 to 50 acres. The farms included 8,165,010 acres (or 33.23 per cent, of the area of the state) of im- proved land ; 8,294,731 acres of woodland, and 1,686,137 acres of unimproved land. The farms had a cash value of $213,020,845, and the agri- cultural implements of $4,924,036. The total amount of wages paid was $9,7.53,041, and the estimated value of all farm productions, in- cluding improvements and additions to stock, was $51,944,801. The products were 7,339 bush, of spring wheat, 7,391,398 bush, of winter wheat, 582,264 bush, of rye, 17,619,304 bush, of Indian-corn, 6,857,555 bush, of oats, 7,259 bush, of barley, 45,075 bush, of buckwheat, 1,293,853 busli. of Irish pot's, 865,- 882 bush, of sweet pot's, 183 bales of cotton, 37,- 086,364 lbs. of tobacco, 877,110 lbs. of wool, 6,979,- 269 lbs. of butter, 71,743 lbs. of cheese, 130.750 lbs. of flax, 245,093 lbs. of maple sugar, 505,239 lbs. of honey, 329,155 gals, of sorghum molasses, and 199,883 tons of hay. The live stock had a value of $28,187,669, and comprised 152,899 horses, 26,903 mules and asses, 188,471 milch cows, 45,987 working oxen, 277,285 other cattle, 370,145 sheep, and 674,670 swine. Manufactures. — The manufacturing interests of Va. are second to its agriculture, and con- sist chiefly in fitting for use its farm produc- tions. In 1870 the state had 5,933 manufacturing establishments (against 5,385 iu 1860), which used 396 steam-engines of 8,410 horse-power, and 2,229 water-wheels of 41,202 horse-power. The number of hands employed was 20,974. The wages paid amounted to $5,343,099 and the capi- tal invested to $18,455,400. The raw materials consumed in manufacturing had a value of $23,832,384, and the commodities produced of $38,364,322. The principal products of industrj% with their respective values, were flour and meal, $12,649,- 276 ; chewing, smoking and snuffing tobacco, $6,935,249; sawed lumber, $2,111,055; forged and rolled iron, $1,994,146 ; iron blooms, $222,700 ; nails and spikes, $350,000 ; iron pigs, $619,820 ; iron cast- ings (not specified), $755,794 ; cotton goods, $1,- 435,800; carpentering and building, $1,020,930; boots and shoes, $638,534 ; and agricultural im- plements, $403,45/. Commerce and Railroads. — Although Va. has in her commodious harbors and deep estuaries great facilities for commerce and shipping, its direct trade witli foreign countries is not great. It has seven custom-house districts or ports of entry, as Alexandria, Cherrj'stone, Norfolk and Portsmouth, Petersburgh, Richmond, Tappa- hannock and Yorktown. Their commercial fleet comprised, in 1872, 900 sailing vessels of 17,538 tons, 67 steam vessels of 5,812 tons and 159 unrigged vessels of 9,951 tons. The goods im- ported from foreign countries had a total value of $:532,701, and the domestic goods exported to foreign countries of $3,521,137. The railroads of the state in 1341 had a length of 223 mis.; in 1851, 520 mis.; in 1861, 1,379 mis., and in 1872, 1,537 mis. The principal lines are the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., organized in 1870 by the consolidation of the Norfolk & Petersburgh R. R. (81 mis.) ; the South Side R. R., from Petersburgh to Lynchljurgh (123 mis.), and the Virginia & Tennessee R. R., from Lynehburgh to Bristol (204 mis.); the Chesa- peake & Ohio R. II., from Richmond, Va., to Huntington, W. Va., on the Ohio R. (427J^ mis., of which 315 mis. were in operation In 1873) ; the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., from Alexandria to Lynehburgh, from Manassas to Harrisonburgh, with branches to VVarrenton and to Front Royal (2921.^ mis.); the Petersburgh R. R., from Petersburgh to Weldon, N. C, and from llicksford to Gaston, N. C. (82 mis.) ; the Richmond & Danville R. R. (i54iJ^ mis.); the Richmond, Fredericksburgh & Potomac R. R. (86 mis.); the Richmond & Petersburgh R. K. (25 mis.); the Sealjoard & Roanoke R. R., from Portsmouth to Weldon, N. C. (80 mis.), and the Washington & Ohio R. 11.. from Alexandria to Hamiltoii (44 mis.). Tlie .James River and Kanawha Canal is the oldest internal improvement in the state, and is at present completed from Richmond to Bu- chanan, beyond Lynehburgh. ^Vhen com- pleted to the Ohio R., as it will be at no distant day, this canal must become one of the great commercial highways of the country, as it will bring the magnificent harbor of Norfolk 293 mis. nearer to all places on the Mississippi R., aliove its junction with the Illinois R., than New York is by the present routes, thus giving the N. VV. a water route through Va. to the sea- board much shorter than the one by the lakes and the Jirie Canal to New Y'ork. VIRGINIA. 923 VIRGINIA. Wealth, Taxation and Debt. — The total assessed value of taxable propei'tv in Va. was, In 1870, $385,439,917, of which $279,il(i,017 were for real estate and !jsS6,3i3,900 for personal estate. The true, or estimated, value, however, was $409,- 583,133, against ,$793,'249,(iSl in IStJO and $430,701,082 In 1850, which last two sums include the value of property in W. Va. The total, not national, taxation in 1870 was $4,613,798. Of this sum i82,847,635 were for the state, $842,0ii9 for the counties, and $924,094 for towns and cities. The public debt in 1870 amounted to $55,921,255, includmg $39,298,225 bonded state debt, $8,092,614 other state debt, $1,365,766 county debts, and $7,163,650 town and city debts. The amount of state debt on September 30, 1872, was $45,718,112. Education, etc. — Va. had, until recently, no system of public free schools. In March, 1870, the first State Superintendent of Public In- struction was appointed, and the new school bill became a law in July the same year. Be- fore tlie end of the first scholastic year, 1871, the number of schools had increased to 2,900, with about 130,469 pupils and 3,000 teachers. There is now every prospect that Va. will Steadily progess on the road begun, and at no distant day will offer to her growing popula- tion a system of thorough instruction. Before 1860 the state had 23 colleges with 2,824 Students, which were mostly closed during the war, a part of the buildings being burned and others used as hospitals or barracks. The Col- lege of "William and Mary, at Williamsburgh, was chartered in 1693. The buildings were des- troyed during the war ; but in the fall of 1865 the college was re-opened, and in 1871 it had 12 professors and 76 students. Washington and Lee University, at Lexington, was founded in 1782, and had, in 1871, 22 professors and 305 stu- dents. The University of Virginia, in Albe- marle CO., founded in 1825, was a flourishing institution in 1860, when it had 600 students. This number had diniinished to less than 50 in 1863, but in 1871 it had 317 students and 19 teach- ers. Provision has been made by the Legisla- ture for the admission of one student from each senatorial district, without payment of fees and rents. The Press of the state consisted, in 1870, of 114 papers with an annual circulation of 143,804, of which 16 were dailies, 7 tri-weeklies, 8 semi- weeklies, 69 weeklies, 4 semi-monthlies and 10 monthlies. Oovernmenl. — Va. framed a state constitution in July, 1776, and ratified the United States constitution in June, 1788. In 1861 the state of W. Va. was formed and set off from the old commonwealth. A new state government was instituted in 1863 at Alexandria. A convention Avhich m.et in February, 1864, abolished slavery. In May, 1865, a provisional Governor was ap- pointed by the President of the United States. In December, 1868, a convention met at Rich- mond and framed a constitution which was adopted in July, 1869. The state was admitted to representation in Congress January 26, 1S70. Every male citizen of the United States 21 years of age, who shall have been a resident of the state for twelve months and of the co., city or tn. in which he shall offer to vote, three months next preceding any election, shall be entitled to vote. The chief executive power of the common- wealth is vested in a Governor, who holds the Office for the term of four years, to commence on the first day of January next succeeding his election. The Governor is elected by the voters of the state at the times and places of choosing members of the General Assembly ; must be a citizen of tlie United States, and, if of foreign birth, must have been a citizen of the United States for ten years next preceding his election. He must have attained the age of thirty years, and must have resided in the state three years next jtreceding his election. A Lieutenant-Governor is elected at the same time and for the same term as the Governor, and Ills qualification and the manner of his election must be the same. The Seci-etary of the Commonwealth, Treasurer and Auditor of Public Accounts are elected by the joint vote of the two houses of the General Assembly, and continue in office for the terra of two years. There is a Board of Public Works, consisting of the Governor, Auditor and Treasurer. The legislative power is vested in the Gen- eral Assembly, which consists of a Senate and House of Delegates. The House of Delegates is elected biennially by the voters of the sev- eral cities and cos., and consists of 138 mem- bers. The Senate is elected for the terra of four years, and consists of 43 Senators, repre- senting the 40 districts into which the state is di- vided. The General Assembly meets annually, and no session continues longer than 90 days without the concurrence of three-fifths of the members elected to each House, in which case the session may be extended for not more than 30 days longer. The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court of Appeals, Circuit Courts and County Courts. The Court ot Appeals consists of five judges, any three of whom may hold a court. It has appellate jurisdiction only, except in cases of habeas corpus, mandamus and prohi- bition. It has no jurisdiction in civil cases where the matter in controversy is less than $500, except in controversies concerning the title and boundaries of land, etc. The jutlges are chosen by the joint vote of the two houses of the General Assembly and hold tlieir office for a term of twelve years. The state is di- vided into sixteen judicial circuits, for each of which a judge is chosen by tlie joint vote of the two liouses of the General Assembly for a term of eight years. A Circuit Court is lield at least twice a year ijy the judges of each circuit in every co. and eorpoi'ation thereof. In each co. of tlie commonwealth there is a County Court, which is held monthly by a judge learned in the law of the state and chosen for a term of six years. In each city or tn. containing a population of 5,000 there is elected liy the joint vole of the two houses of the General Assem- bly one City Judge, who holds a Corporation or" Hustings Court of said city or tn. Va. is divided into the following 100 counties : Accomack, Albemarle, Alexandria, Alleghany, Amelia, Amherst, Appomattox, Augusta, Bath, Bedford, Bland, Botetourt, Brunswick, Buchan- an, Buckingliam, Campbell, Caroline, Carroll, Charles City, Charlotte, Chesterfield, Clarke, Craig, Culpepper, Cumberland, Dinwiddle, Elizabeth City, Essex, Fairfax, Fauquier, Floj'd, Fluvanna, Franklin, Frederick, Giles. Glouces- ter, Goochland, Grayson, Greene, Greenville, Halifax, Hanover, Henrico, Henry, Highland, Isle of Wight, James City, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Lee, Loudoun, Louisa, Lunenburgh, Madison, Math- ews, Mecklenburgh, Middlesex, Montgomery, Nansemond, Nelson, New Kent, Norfolk, North- ampton, Northumberland, Nottoway, Orange, Page, Patrick, Pittsylvania, Powhatan, Prince Edward, Prince George, Princess Ann, Prince William, Pulaski, Rappahannock, Richmond, Roanoke, Rockbridge, Rockuigham, Russell, Scott, Shenandoah, Smyth, Southampton, Spottsylvania, Stafford, Surry, Sussex, Taze- well, "vVarren, Warwick, Washington, AVest- moreland. Wise, Wythe and York. Richmond is the state capital, and has 51,033 inhabitants. The other cities with their popu- lation are the following: Alexandria, 13, .570 ; Lynchburgh, 6,825; Petersburgh, 18,950; Nor- folk, 19,229; Portsmouth, 10,492 and Fredericks- burgh, 4,046. "Virginia, p. o. in Union co., Dak. Virginia, tn. in Cass co., III. Pop., 1,789. VIRGINIA. 924 VUE DE L'EAU. »Tlrginia, p. v. in Cass co., 111., at intersec- tion of tilt Springflold & Illinois Southeastern R. R. and tlie Peoria, Pekin & Jacksonville B. R., 3-2 mis. N. \V. of Springfleld. A prps- perous place near the center of the co. Pop., 954. Two newspapers. Virginia, tn. in Warren CO., Iowa. Pop., 524. Virginia, p. o. in Hates co., Mo. Virg:inia, tn. in Pemiscot co., Mo. Pop., 370. Virginia, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,014. Virginia, p. o. in Dallas co., Tex. •Virginia City, p. v., co seat of Madison co., and territorial capital of Mont., on Alder Cr., liO mis. S. of Helena, with which it is con- nected by stages. First settled in 1862. Sur- rountledhy a mining region. Pop., 867. One newspaper. ♦Virginia City, city and the co. scat of Storey CO , Nev.. 20 mis. S. E. of Reno on the Central Paciflc R. R., and 15 mis. N. K. of Carson City. Its site is in the midst of the most prolific and thoroughly worked mining district of the state, whose yield in gold and silver for ten years has exceeded .$100,000,000. Though of new birth it is not inelegantly or unsub- stantially built, but contains many fine pri- vate residences and costly public buildings. Its manufactures of mining machinery and similar articles are rapidly growing. It may he regarded as the commercial emporium of the State, for here both center and radiate the influences that give life and energy to the surrounding mineral districts. Pop., 7,- 048 ; in 18=10, 2,345. Three newspapers. Virginia ITIines, p.o. in Franklin co., Mo. Virgin River, a tributary of the Colorado B.; rises in the Wahsatch Mts. of Iron co., Utah Ter., and empties Into the Colorado R. near Callville, Ariz. Ter. It has a S. W. course. Virgin ville, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. Viroqna, tn. in Vernon co., Wis. Pop., 1,988. *Viroqua, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Kiskopee R., 34 mis. S. E. of La Crosse. Has flue agricultural surroundings and is center of a thriving lumber trade. Two newspapers. Visalia, tn. in Tulare co., Cal. Pop., 1,626. ♦Vlsalia, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Visalia Cr., a few mis. E. S. E. of Gosh- en on the San Joacpiin Valley Division of the Central Pacific R. R. Pop., 913. Two news- papers. Visalia, p. v. in Kenton co., Ky.. on Licking R. and on the Kentucky Central R. R., 14 inls. S. of Covino;ton. Pop., 50. Visclier's Ferry, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., on Mohawk R. nearly opposite Niskayuna. Vista, p. o. in Westchester co., N. Y. Vista Ridge, p. o. m Carroll parish. La. Vistula, p. V. in Elkhart co., Ind., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern II. R., 5 mis. N. B. of Bristol. Vivian, tn. in Waseca co., Jlinn. Pop., 305. Vivian, p. o. in the above tn. VoaU, p. o in Yates co., N. Y. Vocke's Distillery, v. in Auglaize co., Ohio, on the Miami Canal, 10 mis. front Anna. Pop., 868. The 1). o. is Minster. Vogansville, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Volant, p. o. in Lawrence co.. Pa. Volcano, tn. in Amador CO., Cal. Pop., 1,3.57. Volcano, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. E. of Jackson. *Volcano, p. v. in Wood co., W. Va., at the N. terminus of the Laurel Fork & Sand Hill R. R.,a few mis. N. of the junction with Parkers- burgh Division of P.altimore & Ohio R. R., and 20 mis. E. N. E. of Parkersburgh. Volga, p. o. in .lefferson co., Ind. Volga, tn. in Claj'ton co., Iowa. Pop., LI"'''- Volga City, p. v. in Clayton Co., Iowa., on Vol- ga R., S14 mis. S. W. of Elkader. Volinia,"tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 1,414. Volinia, p. v. in the above tn., on the South- ern Division of Chicago & Lake Huron R. R., 9 mis. N. E. of Cassopolis. Pop. about 250. Volney, p. v. in Allamakee co., Iowa, on Yel- low R., 5 mis. N. of Monona. Volney, tn. in Oswego co., X. Y. Pop., 6,.565. Volney, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. N. E. of Fulton on New York & Oswego Midland R. R. Volo, p. V. in Lake co.. 111., 13 mis. W. by. S. of Waukegan. Volo, p. o. in Bell co.. Tex. Voluntown, tn. in Windham co.. Conn. Pop., 1,052. Voluntown, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Jewett City. Volusia, CO. in Fla., E. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 1 ,723 ; in 1S60, 1,15S. The surface is nearly- level ; the soil moderately productive and as yet under but little cultivation. St. John's R. bounds the co. on the W., and its E. border is washed by the Atlantic Ocean. Enterprise is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: In- dian-corn, 14,220 bush.: Irish pot's, 266 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,417 bush.; cotton, 119 bales ; rice, 63 lbs. Cash valite of farms, $146,120. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $68,088. Val- tie of manufactures, $1,5,0. Volusia, p. V. in Volusia co., Fla., 5 mis. S. of Lake George. An old Minorcan settlement. Volusia, p. V. in Chautauqua co. , N. Y., 7 mis. S. by \V. of Westfield. Von, p. o. in Humboldt co., Iowa. Voorliees Station, p. o. in Somerset co.^N. J. Voorheesville, p. o. in Albany co., N. \. Vosbnrgli, p. v. in Wyoming co.. Pa., on the Susquehanna R., 4 mis. above Tunkhannock. Vrlesland, p. v. in Ottawa co., Mich., on Grand Rapids Branch of Chicago & Lake Shore R. R., 10 mis. N. E. of Holland and 27 mis. S. W. of Grand Rapids. Pop., 25. Vue de I'Eau, p. o. in Norfolk co., Va. WABASH. 925 WACOUSTA. W. Wabash, co. in 111., S. E. part. Area, 100 sq. mis. Pop., 8,S41 ; in 1860, 7,313. The surface is mostly rolling and the soil good. The CO. is l)Ounded on the E. and S. by the Wabash R., which affords abundant water-power. It is intersected by the Cairo & Vincennes R. R. and the Louisville, New Albany & St. Louis Air Line R. R. Mount Carmel is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, '20-2,201 bush.; Indian-corn, 4-21,361 bush.; oats, 110,793 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,4-28 bush.; sweet pot's, 179 bush.; butter, 39,33.=) lbs ; hay, 6,497 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,3.35,340. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions. Including additions to stock, etc., $730,464. Value of manufactures, $4^1.18.'). Wabash, tn. in Clarke co.. 111. Pop., 2,94.i. Wabash, tn. in Wabash co., 111. Pop., 1,1-20. Wabash, v. in White co.. 111., on Wabash R., at crossing of St. Louis & Southeastern R. R., 8 mis. S. K. of Carmi. The p. o. is Marshall's Ferry. Wabash, p. v. in Wayne co., 111., 12 mis. E. S. E. of Fairfield and 8mls. S. W. of Albion. Wabash, co. in Ind., N. central part. Area, 4-20 sq. mis. Pop., 21,313 ; in 1860, 17,547. The AVabash R. flows through the co. from E. to W. and receives Salamonie R. Eel R. and Mis- sissinewa R. also drain the co. The surface is undulating and consists of heavily timbered uplands and broad bottoms. The soil is uni- formly productive. The Toledo, AVabash & Western R. R. passes through tlie co. Wa- bash is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, .537,883 bush.; rye, 1,769 bush.; Indian- corn, 443,901 bush.; oats, 75,4.56 bush.; Irish pot's, 51,279 bush.; sweet pot's, 289 bush.; butter, 382,- 374 lbs.; hav, 11,1.57 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,727,365. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., .$!.. 550,1.56. Value of manufactures, $861,554. Wabash, tn. in Adams co., Ind. Pop., 957. W^abash, tn. in Jay eo., Ind. Pop., 933. Wabash, tn. in Parke co., Ind. Pop., 781. Wabash, tn. in Fountain co., Ind. Pop., 1,284. * Wabash, p. v. and the co. seat of Wabash co., 111., on the Wabash R., the Wal)ash & Erie Canal and Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., at S. terminus of Cincinnati, Wabash & Michi- gan R. R., 14 mis. E. by N. of Peru. A place of rapid growth, with important trade and manufacturing interests. Seat of Wabash Fe- male Seminary. Pop., 2,881. Two newspapers. Wabash, tn. in Gibson co., Ind. Pop., 44-2. Wabash, tn. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Pop., 2,1-29. Wabash, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 824. Wabashaiv, co. in Minn., f?. E. part. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 15,859; in 1860,7,2-28. The Mis- sissippi R. and Lake Pepin form the N. E. boundary of the co., which is drained by the Zumbrota R. and other small tributaries of the Mississippi. The surface is rolling and the soil very productive. The Chicago & St. Paul R. R. passes through the co., following the shore of the Mississippi R. Wabashaw is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,480,-293 bush.; rye, 994 bush.; Indian-corn, 31-2,- 697 bush.; oats, 669,410 bush.; Irish pot's, 97,700 bush.; sweet pot's, 130 bush.; butter, 376,7-29 lbs.; hay, 11,618 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,997,080. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,139,397. Value of manufactures, $652,- 810. Wabashaw, tn. in the above co. Pop., 1,739. *Wabashaw, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Mississippi R., 3 mis. below Lake Pepin and on the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 33 mis. N. W.bf Winona. An im- portant grain mart. One newspaper. W^abash City, v. in Mercer co., Ohio, on Wa- bash R., a few mis. W. of Celina. The p. o. is Price. Wnbash River, one of the principal tributa- ries of the Ohio R.; has its source in Reservoir Lake, Mercer co., Ohio, and flowing N. W. to Huntington co., Ind., takes a W. by S. course to Cass CO., where it deflects to the S. W. and S. by W. to Vigo CO.; thence it forms the boun- dary between 111. and Ind., emptying between Gallatin and Posey cos. It is over 500 mis. long, and navigable during high water as far as Covington, but during low water not farther than the mouth of White R. Its principal tributaries on the W. and N. are Little Wabash R., Embarras R., Vermillion R., Tippecanoe R. and Eel R., and on the E. and S., White R., Big Raccoon R., Wild Cat R., Mississinewa R. and Salamonie R. Wabaniisee, co. in Kans., E. central part. Area, 890 sq. mis. Pop., 3,362; in 1860, 1,023. The surface is diversified by rolling prairies and well tinibered bottom-lands; the soil is rich. The Kansas R. forms the N. boundary. The CO. is also watered by Mill Cr. and other small afH^uents of the Kansas R. Alma is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 63,451 bush.; rye, 641 bush.; Indian-corn, 2-20,365 bush.; oats, 38,-243 bush.; Irish pot's, 35,669 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,655 bush.; butter, 69,685 lbs.; hay, 11,640 tons. Cash value of farms, $973,080. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $64,681. Value of manufactures, $28,320. Wabaunsee, tn. in the above co. Pop., 517. Wabaniisee, p. v. in the above tn., on Kansas R., 3 mis. S. S. W. of Wamego. Wachnsett Villag^e, p. v. m Worceeter co., INIass., l]4 mle. S. of Westminster Depot. Waco, p. o. in Franklin co., Ala. ■Waco, p. o. in Sedgwick co., Kans. Waco, p. V. in Madison co , Ky., 8 mis. frota Richmond. * Waco, city, and the co. seat of McLennan co., Tex., on the Brazos R. and on Waco & North- western R. R., 95 mis. N. by E. of Austin. The city is beautifully situatecl, handsomely laid out in broad, regular streets, and contains many fine residences, several commanding church structures and educational institu- tions. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural section, and is the seat of a thriving trade and a rapidly growing man-afacturing interest. The census returns for 1870 are incomplete, but a population of 3,008 is returned for the city and district, or 3,6-20, including East Waco. Six newspapers. Waconda, p. o. in Mitchell co., Kans. Waconia, tn. in Carver co., Minn. Pop., 1,097. Waconia, p. v. in the above tn., on Avaconia Lake, 10 mis. N. W. of Chaska, the co. seat. Wacoochee, p. o. in Lee co., Ala. Wacota, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 88. Wacousta, tn. in Humboldt co., Iowa. Pop., 93. WACOUSTA. 926 WAKEFIELD. Wacrtusta, p. v. in Humboldt CO., Iowa, near Dfs Moiiu's U. andSSuils. N. \V. of Fort Dodge. "Waconsta, p. v. in Clinton CO., Mich., 11 mis. N. \V. of Lansing:. Wadaloiip, p. o. in Grundy co., Iowa. Wrtdtlaiu, tn. in Steplienson co., 111. Pop., 1,359. '^Vaddaiu's Centre, p. o. in Stephenson co., III. Wadding'ton, tn. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Pop., -A.')'.)!). Waddin^ton, p. v. in the above tn., on the St. Lawrence K., 10 mis. N. N. W. of Madrid Springs. Pop., 710. Wade, In. in Jasper co., 111. Pop., 1,8G4. Wade, p. V. in Washington co., Ohio, on the Ohio K., about 16 mis. above Marietta. Wadena, co. in Minn., VV. central part. Area, 540 sq. mis. Pop., 6. The co. is intersected by the Crow Wing 11. and its tributaries, as Leaf R., Wing R., etc. The surface is rolling and consists mostly of prairies. The Northern Pacilic R. R. passes through the southern part. Agr. productions in 1«70: Indian-corn, 100 bush.; Irish pot's, 28 bush. Cash value of farms, $250. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., ,$650. Wadena, p. v. in Wadena co., Minn., on North- ern Pacitic R. R., 46 mis. N. W. of Brainerd. Wade's, j). o. in Bedford co., Va. Wadesborough, p. v. in Calloway co., Ky., 10 mis. N. of Murray, the co. seat. Wadcsborougph, tn. in Anson co., N. C. Pop., •J,337. Wadesboroug^b, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Carolina Central R. R., J9 mis. W. of Rockingham. Pop., 480. Two news- papers. Wadesburg^Ii, p. v. in Cass co., Mo., 22 mis. S. E. of llarrisonville, the co. seat. Wade's Mill, p. o. in Clarke co., Kj-. Wadestown, p. o. in Monongalia Co., W. Va. Wadesville, p. o. in Posey co., Ind. Wadesville, p. v. in Clarke co., Va., on the ■Winchrsier, Potomac & Strasburgh Division of the lialtimore & Ohio K. R., 9 mis. K. N. E. of Winchester. Wadesville, p. o. in Wood co., W. Va. Wadeville, p. o. in Navarro co., Tex. Wadliani's Mills, p. v. in Essex CO., N. Y., 4 mis. N. W. Of Westport. Wading River, j). o. in Burlington co., N. J. Wading River, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y,, 12 mis. W. by N. of River Heail. Wadleys' Falls, p. v. in Strafford CO., N. H., 4 mis. N. VV. of New Market. Wadsworth, p. v. in Washoe Co., Nev., on Truckee R., and on the Central Pacific R. R., .35 mis. N. E. of Reno. Location of railroad workshops. Pop., 253. Wadsworth, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop., ♦Wadsworth, p. v. in the above tn., on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 14 mis. W. S. W. of Akron. lias coal nuningand trade in agricultural products. Pop., '.)i9. One news- paper. Wady I»etra, p. o. in Stark co., 111. 'Wiiggoner, tn. in Mason co., W. Va. Pop., 3,324. Waggoner's Ripple, p. o. in Adams co., Ohio. W^agner, tn. in Clayton CO., Iowa. Pop., 988. Wagner, p. o. in tlu! above tn. "Wagner, p. o. in Miftlin co.. Pa. Wagoner's Station, p. o. in Miami co., Ind. Wagon I..anding, p. o. in Polk co.. Wis. Wagoittown, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 2>^mls. N. I)y \V. of Coatesvillo. Wagrain, p. o. in Licking CO., Ohio. Wahjanioga, p. v. in Tnscolaco., Mich., 4 mis. S. S. W. of Caio. Wahkiaknm, co. in Wash. Ter., S. W. part. Pop., 270; ui 1m;o, 42. It borders in the S. on the Columbia R. and is intersected by the Coast Ranges. Catlilamet is tlie co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions In 1S70 : Irish pot's, 2,225 bush. ; but- ter, 870 lbs.; hay, 88 tons. Cash value of farms, %11.'.K)0. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,314. Value of manufactures, $900. Wahkonsa, tn. in AVebster co., Iowa. Pop., 921. W^ahoo, V. in Vigo co., Ind., 2 mis. from Seelya- ville. Wahoo, p. o. in Lumpkin co., Ga. Wahoo, ]i. o. in Saunders co., Nebr. Wahsatcb Mountains, a lofty range in Utah Ter. (Which see.) Wailesborough, p. v. in Bartholomew co., Ind., on the .Jetfersonville, Madison & Indian- apolis R. R., 5 mis. S. of Columbus. Pop., 101. Waite, p. o. in Washington co.. Me. Waitsburgh, p. v. in Walla VValla co.. Wash. Ter. Waitsfield, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., 918. *W^aitsfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. S. W. of iliddlesex. Wait's River, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., on Wait's R., 13 nds. N. E. of Bradford. W^aUarnsa, p. v. in Elkhart CO., Ind., 12 mis. S. by W. of Elkhart. Pop., 245. Wakarusa, tn. in Douglas CO., Kans. Pop., 2.401. Wakarusa, p. v. in Shawnee co., Kans., on the Atcliison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R., 1'2 mis. S. of Topeka. Pop. about 100. W^akatomica, p. o. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Wake, CO. in N. C, central part. Area about 8(X) sq. mis. Pop., 35,617 ; in 1860, 28,627. The surface is undulating and the soil highly pro- ake, in Esmeralda Co., Nev.; lies about 4,000 feet above the level of the sea be- tween lotty snow-capped mountain ranges. It abounds in fine large trout. Walker's I^andiiig;, p. o. in Decatur co., Tenn. Walker's Infills, p. o. in Alleghany co., Pa. Walker's Mills, p. o. in Barnwell disti'ict, S. C. Walker's Mountain, a range in Va., trend- ing in a N. N. W. ilirection through Smyth and 'Wythe cos., and forming the boundary between Giles and Pulaski cos. It separates the valleys of the North and Middle Porks of the Holston R. Walker's River, in Nev.; is formed by the East Fork untl VV(!sl fork, which rise in the bierra Nevada in Mono co., Cal. It empties into Walker's Lake. Walkerstown, p. o. in Forsyth co., N. C. Walkersville, v. in Jasper co., Ind., 12 mis. from ^^an Pierre. Walkersville, p. v. in Frederick co., Md., 8 mis. N. N. K. of Frederick. Walkersville, p. o. in Union co., N. C. W^alkersville, p. o. in Lewis co., W. Va, Walkerton, p. v. in St. Joseph co., Ind., on the IudiMn;u)olis, Peru & Chicago R. R., 13 mis. N. W. of Plymouth. Pop. about 500. Walkerton, p. v. in King and Queen co., Va., on Mattiipouy R., 10 mis. N. W. of King and Queen Court House. Walker Valley, p. o. in the v. of Jamesburgh, ill Ulster co., N. Y., li\i mis. W. N. W. of Walden. Walkerville, tn. in Greene co.. 111. Pop., 800. Walkerville, p. o. in the above tn. Walklnsville, p. o. in Neshoba co.. Miss. Wall, tn. in Ford co.. 111. Pop., 588. Wall, tn. in Monmouth CO., N. J. Pop., 2,671. W^allace, tn. in Independence co.. Ark. Pop., 308. Wallace, tn. in Benton co., Ark. Pop., 690. Wallace, tn. in La Salle co., lU. Pop. , 734. ■Wallace, p. o. in Fountain co., Ind. Wallace, co. in Kans., W. part. Ai-ea, 1,800 sq. mis. Pop., 538. The surface is elevated and consists of prairie lands. The co. is drained by the Smoky Hill Fork and numerous afflu- ents, and intersected from E. to W. by the Kansas Pacific R. R. Wallace is the co. seat. Wallace, p. v. in the above co. and the co. seat, 2 mis. N. of Smoky Hill Fork and on Kansas Pacific R. R., 284 mis. W. by S. of Junction City. Pop. 396. Wallace, p. v. in Steuben co., N. Y., on the Rochester Division of the Erie R. R., 11 mis. N. W.of Bath. Wallace, p. v. in Duplin co., N. C, on the Wil- mington & Weldon R. R., 12 mis. S. by E. of Magnolia. W^allace, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 746. Wallace, p. o. in the above tn. Wallaceburgh, p. o. in Hempstead co.. Ark, W^allace Prairie, p. o. in Grimes co., Tex. Wallace Cross Roads, p. o. in Anderson co., Tenn. Wallace's Switch, p. o. in Washington co., Va. Wallaceton, p. v. in Clearfield co.. Pa., on the Tyrone & Clearfield Division of the Pennsyl- vania R. R., 12 mis. S. E. of Clearfield. Pop. about 25. Wallaceville, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Wallaceville, p. o. in Venango co.. Pa. Walla Walla, co. in Wash., forming the S. E. part of the territory. Pop., 5,300 ; in 1860 1,- 318. The Columbia R. flows through the western part and then forms part of the southern boundary. It receives in this co. the Snake R. or Lewis Fork. The surface la mostly level. Walla Walla is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 110,905 bush.; rye, 190 bush.; oats, 94.528 bush.; Indian-corn, 19,658 bush.; Irish pot's, .31,184 bush.; butter, 75,634 lbs.; hay, 5,123 tons. Cash value of farms, $989,80.5. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $.503,602. Value of manufactures, $429,883. *Walla Walla, p. v. and the co. seat of Wal- la Walla CO., Wash. Ter., on Mill Cr., 30 mis. E. of Wallula on the Columbia R., amid fer- tile agricultural surroundings. Trade center for a large section. Pop., 1,304. Three news- papers. Walla WallaRiver, a small tributary of the Columbia ; rises in the Blue Mts. and flows near the boundary between Wash. Ter. and Or(>g. Walled I^ake, p. v. in Oakland co., Mich., 15 mis. S. W. of Pontiac. W^allen, p. v. in Allen CO., Ind., on the Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 8 mis. N. by W. of Fort Wayne. Pop. about .50. Waller, ji. v. in Ross co., Ohio, 5 mis. S. by E. of Chillicotho. Waller, new co. in Tex., E. part. Area about 350 sq. mis. It was formed Iiy portions of Austin <& Gilmer cos.; is bounded on the W. liy the Brazos R. and has a level or slightly undulating surface. The soil is very pro- ductive. Wallette, new co. in Dak.; forms the N. W. extremity of the territory and borders in the N. on British America, in the W. on Mont. Ter., and in the S, on the Missouri R. The surface is rolling. Waileville, p. o. in Union CO., Miss. "*Vall Hill, p. o. in Marshall co., JNIiss. ^Valling'rord, tn. in New Haven co., Coin. Pop., 3,67(i. *Wallin$;ford, p. v. in the above tn., on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 12 mis. N. N, E. uf New Haven. Has manufac- tories of Britannia ware, edge tools, paper WALLINGFOED. 929 WALTHAM. nncl other articles. It is one of the most beau- tiful New England villages and has highly picturesque surroundings. Wallin^ford, p. o. in the v. of Milton Center, in Will CO., 111., 14 mis. S. E. of Joliet. Wallingford, tn. in Rutland CO., Vt. Pop., '2,0-23. "Wallingford, p. v. in the above tn., on the Harlem Extension R. R., 9 mis. S. of Rutland. In the localitj^ are several mills and manu- factories. ■Wallin's Creeli, p. o. in Harlan co., Ky. "Wants Run, p. o. in Lycoming co.. Pa. "Walllsville, p. v. and the co. seat of Cham- bers CO., Tex., on Trinity R., 16 mis. S. of Lib- ertv. Pop., '27. Wallkill, tn. in Orange CO., N. Y, Pop., 9,477. "Wallkill River, a tributary of the Hudson R.; rises in N. N. J. and flows through Orange and Ulster cos. in aN. N. E. direction. Wall I^ake, tn. in "Wright co., Iowa. Pop., 199. lil^all I.ake, p. o. in Otter Tall co., Minn. "Wallonia, p. o. in Trigg CO., Ky. "H'allpack. tn. in Sussex co., N. J. Pop., 647. "Wallpaek Centre, p. o. In Sussex co., N. J. "Wall Rose, p. o. in Beaver co.. Pa. "WallsburgU, p. o. in Wasatch co., Utah. "Wall Street, p. o. in Linn co., Kans. Wallsville, p. o. In Luzerne co.. Pa. "Wallnla, p. v. in Walla Walla co.. Wash. Ter., on the Columbia R., 157 mis. N. E. of The Dal- les. "Walnford, p. o. in Monmouth co., N. J. "Walnut, tn. in Benton co.. Ark. Pop., 379. "Walnut, tn. in Bureau co.. 111. Pop., 1,187. "Walnut, p. V. in the above tn., on the Mendo- ta & Clinton Division of the Chicago, Burling- ton & Quiney R. R., 26 mis. W. of Mendota. Pop. about 250. "Walnut, tn. in Montgomery CO., Ind. Pop., 1,449. "Walnut, tn. in Marshall co., Ind. Pop., 1,972. "Walnut, p. V. in the above tn., on the Indian- apolis, Peru & Chicago R. R., 13 mis. S. S. E. of Plymouth. Pop. about 500. "Walnut, tn. in Adair co., Iowa. Pop., 213. Walnut, tn. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Pop., 778. "Walnut, tn. in Dallas CO., Iowa. Pop., 489. "Walnut, tn. in JelTerson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,199. "Walnut, tn. in Madison co., Iowa. Pop., 869. Walnut, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,231. Walnut, tn. in Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 674. Walnut, tn. in Atchison co., Kans. Pop., 1,374. Walnut, tn. in Bourbon co., Kans. Pop., 289. Walnut, tn. in Butler co., Kans. Pop., 849. Walnut, p. V. in Butler co., Kans., 18 mis. S. S. W. of El Dorado the co. seat. Walnut, tn. in Crawford CO., Kans. Pop., 568. "Walnut, V. in Crawford co., Kans., on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Osage Mission. Pop. about 100. Walnut, tn. in Adair co.. Mo. Pop., 495. Walnut, tn. in Fairfield co., Ohio. Pop., 2,072. "Walnut, tn. in Pickaway co., Ohio. Pop., 1,636. Walnut, tn. in Gallia co., Ohio. Pop., 1,732. Walnut, p o. in Juniata CO., Pa. "Walnut Bottom, p. v. in Cumberland co., Pa., 754 mis. N. W. of Shippensburgh. Walnut City, p. v. in Appanoose CO., Iowa, 7 mis. N. W. of Centerville. "Walnut Cove, p. v. in Stokes co., N. C, 27 mis. from Reidsville. Walnut Creek, p. v. in Contra Costa co., Cal., 10 mis. S. S. E. of Martinez. Walnut Creek, tn. in Pottawattamie co., Iowa. Pop., 382. Walnut Creek, tn. in Brown co., Kans. Pop., 1,5(51. Walnut Creek, tn. in Bates co., Mo. Pop., 1,070. Walnut Creek, p, o. in Bates co., Mo. 59 Walnut Creek, tn. in Macon co.. Mo. Pop. 1,304. Walnut Creek, p. o. in Fillmore co.. Neb. "Walnut Creek, tn. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., Walnut Creek, p. o. in the above tn. "Walnut Creek Station, p. v. in Pottawat- tamie CO., Iowa, on Iowa Division of Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 47 mis. N. E. of Council Bluffs. "Walnut Fork, v. in Jones co , Iowa, 10 luls. N. W. of Clarence. Walnut Grove, p. o. in Etowah co., Ala. Walnut Grove, tn. in Crittenden co.. Ark. Pop., 160. "Walnut Grove, p. o. in Independence co.,Ark. "Walnut Grove, p. o. in Sacramento co., Cal. "Walnut Grove, p. o. in Walton co., Ga. Walnut Grove, tn. in Knox co., 111. Pop., 1,960. "Walnut Grove, tn. in McDonough co., 111. Pop., 1.128. "Walnut Grove, p. o. in McDonough co.. 111. "Walnut Grove, p. o. in Warren co., Ind. "Walnut Grove, v. in Scott co.. Iowa, 7 mis. S. of I)e Witt. "Walnut Grove, p. o. in Caldwell co., Ky. "Walnut Grove, tn. in Saline co., Kans. Pop., 912. Walnut Grove, tn.in Neosho co., Kans. Pop., 686. "Walnut Grove, p. o. in Leake co.. Miss. "Walnut Grove, p. v. in Greene co,, Mo., 22 mis. N. W. of Springfield. Walnut Grove, v. in Morris co., N. J., 6 mis. W. by N. of Morristown. Walnut Grove, p. o. in Hardin co., Tenn. Walnut Hill, p. o. in Tallapoosa co., Ala. Walnut Hill, p. o. in La Fayette co.. Ark. Walnut Hill, tn. in Marion co.. 111. Pop., 721. Walnut Hill, p. o. in the above tn. "Walnut Hill, p. o. in Marshall co., Ind. Walnut Hill, p. o. in Bourbon co., Kans. Walnut Hill, p. o. in Fayette co., Ky. Walnut Hill, p. o. in Ashe co., N. C. "Walnut Hill, p. o. in Sequatchie co., Tenn. "Walnut Hill, p. o. in Panola co., Tex. "Walnut Hill, p. o. in Lee co., Vn. Walnut L.ake, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Pop., 500. Walnut J.iakc, p. o. in the above tn. Walnut I>ieU, p. o. in Gallatin co., Ky. W^alnut Ridg'e, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ark. "Walnut Run, p. o. in Madison co., N. C. "Walnut Run, p. o. in Madison co., Ohio. "Walnut Shade, p. o. in Taney co.. Mo. W^alnut Shade, p. o. in Gaston co., N. C. Walnut Tree, p. o. in Yell co.. Ark. Walnut Valley, p. o. in Warren co., N. J. Walnut Valley, p. o. in Sequatchie co., Tenn. Walpole, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 2,137. Walpole, p. V. in the above tn., on the Mans- field Division of the Boston, Clinton & Fitch- burgh R. R., at crossing of the Boston, Hart- ford & Erie R. R., 19 mis. W. S. W. of Boston.. One newspaper. Walpole, tn. in Cheshire co., N. H. Pop., 1,830.. Walpole, p. V. in the above tn.. on the Che- shire R. R., 4 mis. S. of Bellows Falls. A neat V. and a favorite summer resort. Walsenburgh, p. o. in Huerfano co., Colo. Ter. Walshtown, p. o. In Yankton co.. Dak. Ter. Walshville, tn. in Montgomery co.. 111. Pop.,. 1,740. "Walshville, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. S. W. of Hillsborough. Walterborongh, p. v. and the co. seat of. Colleton district, S. C, 10 mis. N. W. of Jack- sonborough on Charleston & Savannah R. R.. and 30 mis. W. N. W. of Charleston. Pop., 636. One newspaper. Walter Hill, p. o. in Rutherford co., Tenn. Waltbam, tn. in La Salle co.. 111. Pop., 1,115. Walthain, p. v. in Tama co., Iowa, 11 mis. Iff. N. W. of Belle Plain. WALTHAM. 930 WAPPING. Walt IiAin, tn. in Hancock co., Me. Pop., 366. W»ltlinin, ]). o. in the iibove tn. Wultliaiii, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 9.i)C,r,. ♦Waltham, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Fitchbui-gh 11. R., at S. W. terminus of Water- town Branch of same, 10 mis. W. of Boston. The V. extends about a mile along Charles R. and is a busy manufact. v. in Baltimore co., Md., 2\4 mis. N. E. of Cockeysville on Northern Central R. R. Pop., 317. Warren, tn. In Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 2,625. Warren, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 20 mis. W. of Worcester. Warren, tn. in Macomb co., Mich. Pop., 1,938. Warren, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. N. of Detroit. W^arrcn, tn. in Winona co., Minn. Pop., 819. Warren, co. in Miss., W. part. Area about 600 sq. m!s. Pop., 26,769; in 1860, 20,696. The Miss- issippi R. forjiis the western boundar}', the Big Black R. the eastern and southern. The Yazoo R. intersects the northern part of the CO. and here joins the INIississippi. The sur- face Is mostly rolling, and with steep bluffs descends to the rich alluvial bottom or, as at Vicksburgh, to the river banks. The soil 13 very productive and well cultivated. Vicks- burgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Rye, 200 bush.; Indian-corn, 213,073 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,157 bush.; sweet pot's, 66,227 bush.; cotton, 32,175 bales ; butter, 4,701 lbs. Cash value of farms, $2,621,780. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to slock, etc., $3,180,971. Value of manu- factures, $1,237,217. Warren, co. in Mo., E. part. Pop., 9,673 ; in 1860, 8,839. The co. borders in the S. on the Missouri R., and is drained by Big Cr., Smith's Cr., Charette Cr. and Bear Cr. The surface is undulating in the northern part and broken in the southern. The river bottoms are low and very productive. The St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R. intersects the co. Warren- ton is the CO. seat. Agi-. productions in 1870: Wheat, 252,187 bush.; rye, 7,944 bush.; Indian- corn, 729,010 bush.; oats, 415,375 bush.; Irish pot's, 55,373 bush.; sweet pot's, 555 bush.; to- bacco, 296,745 lbs.; butter. 209,602 lbs.; hav, 3,948 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,375,930. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,377,990. Value of manufactures, $283,027. Warren, tn. in Marion co.. Mo. Pop., 2,425. Warren, p. o. in the above tn. Wai"i*en, tn. in Camden co.. Mo. Pop., 472. Warren, p. v. in Madison co., Nebr., on Union Pacific R. R., 31 mis. S. E. of North Platte. Warren, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 960. Warren, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston, Concord & Montreal R. R., 20 mis. N. AV. of Plymouth, the co. seat. Warren, co. in N. J., N. W. part. Area, 344 sq. mis. Pop., 34,;»6 ; in 1860, 28,433. It borders in the W. on the Delaware R. and in the S. E. on the Musconetcong R.,and is drained by Pohat- cong Cr., Paulins Kill R. and Pequest R. The Blue Mts. pass through the N. W. part of the ' CO. along tlie valley of the Delaware, which bursts through this range at the Delaware Water Gap. In the south-eastern part rise Jenny Jump Mt. and Scott's Mt. The soil of the valleys is productive and generally well cultivated. The Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. and the Morris & Essex R. R. intersect the co. Belvidere is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheal, 295,802 bush.; rye, 84.252 bush.; oats, 322,804 bush.; Indian, corn, 747,951 bush.; Irish pot's, 81,823 bush.; sweet pot's, 131 bush.; butter, 867,831 lbs.; hay, 26,401 tons. Cash value of farms, $15,418,927. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, inchiding additions to stock, etc., $2,710,- 115. Principal products of industry: Flour and meal, $1,049,072 ; forged and rolled iron, $784,320, and pig iron, $894,650. Total value of manufactures, $5,990,905. Warren, tn. in Somer.set co., N. J. Pop., 2,70.5. Warren, co. in N. Y., E. part. Area about 850 sq. mis. Pop., 22,592; in 1800, 21,434. Lake George forms part of the E. boundary, and the Hudson R.,with its tributary Schroon R., inter- sect and drain the co. The surface is generally broken and mountainous, especially in the western part, which is occupied by several WARREN. 933 WARRENSBURGH, ranges of the Adirondacks. The soil is mod- erately productive. Timber, iron oi-e, black lead and marl are the chief natural resources of the CO. Lake George is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5,966 bush.; rye, ll.SO.i bush.; Indian-corn, 92,322 bush.; oats, 127,261 bush.; Irish pot's, 275,701 bush.; cheese, 26,245 lbs.; wool, 78,653 lbs.; butter, 533,467 lbs.; hij, 34,610 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,648,455. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including; additions to stock, etc., $1,319,- 897. Value of manufactures, $2,490,614; of wliich $1,179,616 was for tanned leather and $073,809 for sawed lumber. Warren, tn. in Herkimer co., N. T. Pop., 1,503. Warren, p. o. in the above tn. Warren, v. in Rockland co., N. Y., on the Hud- son R. Pop., 3,469. (See Haverstraw, thep. o.) Warren, co. in N. C, N. part. Area about 420 • sq. mis. Pop., 17,768 ; in 1860, 15,726. The sur- face is rolling and the soil productive. The CO. is drained by affluents of the Roanoke R., which bounds the N. E. corner. It is inter- sected by the Raleigh & Gaston R. R. Warren- ton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 47,484 bush.; rve,143bush.; Indian-corn, 256,803 bush.; oats, 49,509 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,409 hush.; sweet pot's, 23,941 bush.; cotton, 1,818 bales ; tobacco, 751,045 lbs.; butter, 51,403 lbs.; hay, 1,750 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,608,848. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,- 573,218. Value of manufactures, $343,051. Warren, co. in Ohio, S. W. part. Area, 446 sq. mis. Pop., 26,689 ; in 1860, 26,902. The surface is undulatin": ; the soil of limestone formation and unusuallj' fertile. It is drained by the Little Miami R. The Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indian.apolis R. R., tlie Cincin- nati & Zanesville R. R. and the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R. intersect the co. Lebanon is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 427,674 bush.; rye, 4,650 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,- 487,121 bush.; oats, 281,210 bush.; Irish pot's, 130,661 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,992 bush.; butter, 574,554 lbs.; hay, 14.485 tons. Cash value of farms, $17,773,880. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,293,875. Value of manufactures, $940,054. W^arren, tn. in Trumbull co., Ohio. Pop., 4,605. ♦Warren, p. v. and the co. seat of Trumbull CO., Ohio, on Mahoning R. and on the Penn- sylvAnia & Ohio Canal, the Atlantic & Great Western R. R. and the Mahoning Division of the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 52 mis. S. E. of Cleveland. Has a large local trade, growing manufacturing interests and tine fa- cilities for inland commerce. In the vicinity are coal and iron ore. Pop., 3,457. Two news- iDapers. Warren, tn. in Jefferson co., Ohio. Pop., 1.637. Warren, tn. in Belmont co., Ohio. Pop., 4,099. Warren, tn. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop., 822. Warren, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop., 1,604, Warren, co. in Pa., N. N. W. part. Area about 775 sq. mis. Pop., 23,897 ; in 1860, 19,190. It bor- ders on N. Y., and is intersected by the Alle- ghany R., which receives Conew.ango Cr., Brokenst raw Cr., and Kenzua Cr, The surface is hillj' and in some parts rocky and broken. The soil of the valleys is highly productive. Lumljering is the most important branch of industry. Warren is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 26,759 bush.; rye, 13,- 749 bush.; oats, 253,380 bush.; Indian-corn, 98,- 850 bush.; Irish pot's, 128,078 bush.; butter, 759,853 lbs.: hay, 39,588 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,976,674. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,534,757. Value of manufactures, $;i,224,768. *Warren, p. borough and the co. seat of the above co., on the AUeghanv R., at mouth of Conewango Cr., and on Philadelphia & Erie R. R. at crossing of Dunkirk, Alleghany Val- ley & Pittsburgh R. R., 36 nils. N. E. of Titus- ville and 66 E. by S. of Erie. It is a handsome borough, in direct communication with the coal and coal oil deposits of the western cos., and has important manufacturing interests. Pop., 2,014. Two newspapers. Warren, tn. in Franklin co.. Pa. Pop., 600. ■Warren, tn. in Bradford co.. Pa. Pop., 1,421. Warren, tn. in Bristol co., R. I. Pop., 3.0(iS. *\*'arren, p. v. in the above tn., on E. side of Narragansett B. and on Providence, Warren & Bristol R. R., at W. terminus of Pall River, AVarren & Providence R. R., 10 mis. S. S. E.of Providence. It has a good harbor, is the seat of a fine academy and has manufactories of oil, machinery, wall paper, etc. Warren, co. iii Tenn., central part. Area, 500 sq. mis. Pop., 12,714; in 1860,11,147. The south- eastern part is occupied by the Cumberland Plateau and has a rough and broken surface Avith a moderately productive soil ; the north- western part is lower and more productive. The CO. is drained by the Caney Pork of the Cumberland R. and its small affluents. The McMinnville & Manchester R. R. passes through it. McMinnville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 73,391 bush.; I'ye, 1,072 bush.; Indian-corn, 339,250 bush.; oats, 56,348 bush.; Irish pot's 16,918 bush.; sweet pot's, 17,152 bush.; tobacco, 27,446 lbs.; butter, 134,499 lbs.; hay, 735 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,454,908. Total, estimated, value of all farn^ productions, including additions to stock, etc., $751,64.5. V^alue of manufactures, $462,562. Warren, p. o. in Fannin co., Tex. Warren, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., 1,008. Warren, p. v, in the above tn., 8 nils. W. K. "W. of Rosbury. W^arren, cb. in Va., K. E. part. Area about 250 sq. mis. Pop., 5,716 ; in 1860, 6,442. It occu- pies part of the Shenandoah Vallej' and is drained by the Shenandoah R. The surface is undulating and the soil highly produc- tive. The CO. is intersected bv the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R. Front Roj-al is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : W heat, ' 100,197 bush.; rye, 15.317 bush.; Indian-corn, 122,700 bush.; oats. 27,252 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,680 bush.; sweet pot's, 391 bush.; tobacco, 1,117 lbs.; butter, 59,144 lbs.; hay, 2,047 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,041,435. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions. Including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $524,506. Value of man- ufactures, $284,769. Warren, p. v. in Albemarle co., Va., on the James R., 16 mis. S. of Charlottesville, the co. seat. ■Warren, tn. in Upshur co., "W. Va. Pop., 1,601. ■Warren, tn. in St. Croix co., Wis. Pop., 467. Warren, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. E. of Hudson. "Warren, tn. in Waushara co., "Wis. Pop., 632. "Warren Centre, p. o. in Lucas co., Iowa. Warren Centre, p. v. in Bradford co.. Pa., 123.^ mis. S. by E. of Owego, N. Y. ■Warreutiam, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. Warren Mills, p. v. in Monroe co., Wis., on the West Wisconsin R. R., 22 mis. S. E. of Black River Falls. Warren Plains, p. o. in the v. of Warrenton Station, in Warren co., N. C, on the Raleigh & Gaston R. R., 62 mis. N. by E. of Raleigh. Warrensburgh, p. v. in Macon co., ILL, on the Decatur & Pekin Division of the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of De- catur. Pop. about 200. Warrensburg^li, tn. in Johnson co., Mo. Pop., 4,804. WARRENSBURGH. 934 WARWICK. *Warreiisburg'h, p. v. in Jolinson co., Mo., aiul the CO. seat, ou Atlantic & Pacific R. R., 3U nils. W. of Scdalia. Has iinpoitunt trade ^vill^ ricl) agricultural surroundings, and seat of thriving manufactories. Pop.,'i,9i5. Three newspapers. M'Hrreii!«burgb, tn. in Warren co., N. Y. Top., J,.57'J. * Warrcnsburg^b, p. v. in the above tn., on .^ehroon K., 15 nils. N. W. of Glen's I'alls. Pop., 71.'). IVarrensburgli, p. v. in Greene co., Tenn., on the Nollicliucky R., 13 mis. from Green- ville. "Warren's Corners, p. v. in Niagara co., N. v., .T mis. N. W. of Lockport. A\ arrcn"s Corners, p. o. in Door co.. Wis. Warren i^nmiuit, p. o. in Grafton CO., N. H. M'arrensville, p. v. in Du Page co.. 111., 4J^ nils. S. of Winlield and 3% mis. N. of Naper- villc. Warrensville, p. o. in Sampson co., N. C. '^Varreiisvllle, tn. in Cuyahoga co., Ohio. Fop., l,4-.:9. Warrensville, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. K. of Cleveland. tVarrensville, p. v. in Lycoming co.. Pa., 8 nils. A. N. K. of VViUlamsport. Warren Tavern, p. o. in the v. of Valley Store, in Chester co., Pa., on the Chester Val- ley liranch of the Philadelphia & Reading li. R., Iil4 mis. VV. S. W. of Bridgeport. Warreuton, tn. in Marshall Co., Ala. Pop., Warrenton, p. v. in Marshall co., Ala., 5 mis. from Guntersville, the co. seat. Pop., 60. Warrenton, p. v. and the co. seat of Warren CO., Ga., ou the Macon & Augusta Branch of Geui'gia R. R., 50 mis. from Macon and 3 mis. b. by \V. of Camac Junction. Pop., (520. One newspaper. Warrenton, v. in Gibson co., Ind., 3 mis. from Haubstadt. Warrenton, p. o. in Warren co.. Miss. * Warrenton, p. v. and the co. seat of Warren CO., 3Io., about % of a mle. from the station on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern R. R., 58 mis. W. N. W. of St. Louis. Center of a rich agricultural neighborhood. Pop., 588. Two newspapers. *Warre^ton, p. v. and the co. seat of Warren CO., N. C, 3mls. from Warrenton Station on the Raleigh & Gaston R. R.,62 mis. N. by E. of Raleigh. Pop., 329. One newspaper. Warrenton, p. o. in the v. of Portland, in Jefferson co., Ohio, on the Ohio R. and the River Division of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R., 13 mis. S. of Steubenville. Pop. of v., 241. ♦Warrenton, p. v. and the co. seat of Fau- quier CO., Va., on the Warrenton Branch of the Orange, Alexandria & Manassas R. R., 9 mis. N. W. of Warrenton .Junction. Center of an active trade with good agricultural sur- roundings. Pop., 44(i. One newspaper. Warrenton Jnnctlou, v. in Fauquier co., Va. (See Owl Run, the p. O.) Warrenville, p. o. in Laclede co., Mo. Warren ville, p. o. in Somerset co., N. J. Warrick, co. in Ind., S. W. part. Area, 3;?6sq. mis. Pop., 14,568; in 1860, lo,2elow Covington. Has several large tobacco factories and is the shipping point, by way of the river, for the CO. Pop., 715. One newspaper. W^arsaw^, p. o. in Franklin parish, La. Warsaw, tn. in Goodhue co., Minn. Pop., 1,027. Warsaw, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., 1,000. Warsaw, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. W. of Faribault. ♦Warsaw, p. v. and the co. seat of Benton co.. Mo., on Osage R , 80 mis. S. W. of Jefferson City. Has manufactories of lumber and a trade in agricultural products. Two news- papers. Warsaw^, p. v. in Duplin co., N. C, on the WU- mington & Weldon R. R., 29 mis. S. of Golds- borough. Pop., including district, 1,362. Warsaw, tn. in Wyoming co., N. Y. Pop., 3.143. ♦Warsaw, p. v. and the co. seat of Wyoming CO., N. Y., on Allen's Cr. and the Hornellsville Branch of the Erie R. R., 48 mis. E. S. E. of Buffalo. Situated in a picturesque val'<}y ; a place of active business. Pop., 1,631. Two newspapers. Warsaw, p. v. in Coshocton co., Ohio, on the Mohican R. and the Ohio & Erie Canal, 9 mis. N. W. of Coshocton. Warsaw, tn. in Jefferson co.. Pa. Pop-, 1,122. Warsaw, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. N. E. of Brookville, the co. seat. Warsaw, p. v. and the co. seat of Richmond CO., Va., 67 mis. S. E. of Fredericksljurgh. Warsaw l.anding', tn. in Benton cb.. Mo. Pop., 498. Warthen's Store, p. o. in Washingtbr, co., Ga. W^artrace Depot, p. v. in Bedford co., T- nn., on the St. Louis, Memphis, Nashville & ^ hat- tanooga R. R., at E. terminus of brancn to Shelby ville, ."iS mis. S. S. E. of Nashville and a few nils. N. E. of Shelbyville, the co. seat. Warwick, p. o. in Worth co., Ga. Warwick, p. v. in Cecil co., Md., 4V^ mis. S. W. of Middletown, Del. Pop., 320. Warwick, tn. in Franklin CO., Mass. Pop., 769. Warwick, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. of Wendell Depot. Warwick, tn. in Orange co., N. Y. Pop., 5,736. WARWICK. 935 WASHINGTON. Warwick, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y., on War- wielv Branch of the Erie R. R., 1-3 mis. S. E. of junctiou witli mainline. Pop., 938. Onenews- tjaper. Warwick, tn. iu Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop., WHrwicli, tn. in Bucks co., Pa. Pop., 775. Warwick, tn. in Chester CO., Pa. Pop., 1,266. Warwick, p. o. in the above tn. Warwick, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 3,315. Warwick, v. in the above tn., on Reading & Columbia R. R., opposite Litiz. W^arwick, tn. iu Kent co., R. I. Pop., 10,453. Warwick, p. v. in the above tn., on Narragan- set B. anil the Stonington & Providence R. R., 2% mis. N. of East Greenwich. Warwick, co. in Va., S. E. part. Area about 60 sq. mis. Pop., 1,672 ; in 1860, 1,740. The co. occupies a part of the peninsula between the James aiul York Rs., which wash its N. E. and S. W. borders. The surface is gently un- dulating and the soil productive. Oak and pine timber is abundant and largely export- ed. Warwick Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,350 bush.; Indian-corn, 35,794 bush.; oats, 7,6.53 bush.; Irish pot's, 4.210 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,217 bush. Cash value of farms, $412,.360. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $48,535. Value of manu- factures, .ii30,680. Warwick Coart Honse, p. v. in tlie above CO. and the co. seat, 12 mis. N. W. of Newport News. Pop , 21. Warw^lck Neck, p. v. in Kent co., R. I., on Narragansett B., 10 mis. S. of Providence. Warwick's Cross Roads, p. v. in Union co., Teiin., 5 mis. from Maynardville. Pop., 733. War Wouiaii, p. o. in Rabun co., Ga. Wasatcb, co. in Utah Ter., N. E. part. Pop., 1,244. It borders on Colo, and Wyo. Ters. The Uintah Mts. trend along the northern border ; the Wahsatch Mts. along the western. Green R. inlcr.socts the north-eastern corner, and turning the western extremity of the Uintah Mts. iu Colo. Ter. passes through the south-eastern part of the co., receiving Brush Cr., Ashley Fork and the Uintah R. with its numerous tributaries. The central part of the CO. comprises the Strawberry Valley, which contains much arable land and has facilities for irrigation. Heber is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wlieat, 23,670 bush.; Indian-corn, 60 bush.; oats, 2,037 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,109 bush.; butter, 2,360 lbs.; hay, 1,329 tons. Cash value of farms, $.31,179. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $44,365. Value of manufactures, $57,402. Wasatcli, V. in Summit CO., Utah Ter., on the Union Pacific R. R., 12 mis. S. W. of Evanston. Pop., 200. Wascata, v. in Otter Tail co., Minn. Wasco, CO. in Oreg., central part. Pop., 2,509 ; in 1860, 1,689. This large co. extends from N. to S. through the state, and is bounded on the E. by the 43d meridian W. of Washington, and on the W. by the crest of the Cascade Mts. Tlie Blue Mts. extend into the north-eastern portion of it. The Des Chutes, or Falls, R. traverses an extensive valley E. of the Cas- cades and empties into the Columbia. The southern part of the co. belongs to the regjon known as the Great Basin, and includes the Klamath L., Silver L., Summer L., Albert L. and a jjortion of Goose L. Tlie Dalles is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 10,599 bush.; rye, 266 bush.; Indian-corn, 9,045 bush.; oats, 20,593 bush.; Irish pot's, 12.962 bush.; wool, 38,106 lbs.; butter, 43,901 lbs.; hay, 2,230 tons. Cash value of farms, $302,075. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc. , $287,762. Value of manufactures, $30,617. Waseata, p. o. in Otter Tail co., Minn. Waseca, co. in Minn., S. part. Area, 432 sq. mis. Pop., 7,854; in 1860, 2,601. It has an un- dulating surface and is diversified by numer- ous lakes. The drainage is effected by small affluents of the Minnesota R. The soil is pro- ductive and well cultivated. The Winona & St. Peter R. R. passes through the co. from E. to W. Wiltou is the co. scat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 400,288 bush.; rye, 130 bush.; Indian-corn, 98,478 bush.; oats, 208,243 bush.; Irish pot's, 30,092 bush.; butter, 224,227 lbs.; hay, 20,445 tons. Cash value of fai-ms, $1,995,036. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $648,297. Value of manufactures, $82,167. *Waseca, p. v. in Waseca co., Minn., on Clear L. and on the Wisconsin Division and St. Paul Line of Chicago <& Northwestern R. R., 14 mis. W. of Owatonna. Pop., 551. One newspaper. Washburn, tn. in Scott Co., Ark. Pop., 499. W^ashbnrn, p. v. in Woodford co.. 111., on tho Western Division of the Chicago & Alton R. R., 10)4 mis. N. by E. of Metamora. Pop., 272. Two newspapers. Washbnrn, tn. in Aroostook co.. Me. Pop., 449. Washbnrn, p. o. in the v. of Washburn's Prairie, in Barry co.. Mo., 8 mis. S. W. of Cassville. Washburn, p. v. in Grant co., Wis., 10 mis. N. of Platteville. Washbnrne, tn.Fort Smith ReserA^e co., Ark. Pop., 478. WASHINGTOBT, one of the western terri- tories ; is bounded on the N. by British Ameri- ca, on the E. by Idaho Ter., on the S. by Oreg., on the W. by the Pacific Ocean, on the N. W. by the Strait of Juan de Fuca, the Canal de Haro and the Gulf of Georgia, which waters separate it from Vancouver's Island. It extends from 45° 33' to 49° N. lat., and from 117° to 124° 41' W. long., and has an area of 69,994 sq. mis., or 44,796,- 160 acres. Surface.— The Cascade Mts. intersect the ter- ritory from N. to S. and divide it into an east- ern and western portion. This lofty range forms an unbroken mountain belt of from 5,000 to 8,000 feet in height above the sea, and bears a number of lofty peaks, as Mt. Baker in What- com CO. (10,719 feet), Mt. Rainier in Pierce co. (14,444 feet), Mt. Adams in Kiikitat co. (about 9,000 feet), and Mt. St. Helens in Skamania co. (about 9,750 feet). The portion of the territory which lies W. of the Cascade Mts. consists of the basin of Puget Sound, a very fertile plain, which, is the northern continuation of the Willamette Valley of Oreg., having the same width and the same natural barriers ; the Cascade Mts. in the E. and the Coast Ranges in the W. The latter extend along the coast of the Pacific Ocean from the Columbia R. to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and attain their highest elevation in Mt. Olympus, Jeflerson CO., which is estimated to be 8,150 feet above the sea. Puget Sound extends for 280 mis. from N. to S. and lias a very irregu- lar outline. The main entrance into it from the Strait of Juan de Fuca is the Admiralty Inlet, between Jefferson co. and Whidb3''s Is- Island. Between the Canal de Haro and the Rosario Strait lie the San .Juan or Haro Islands, which were long claimed by Great Britain, but have recently been adjudged to belong to the United States by the Emperor of Germany, who had been invited by both governments to arbiti-ate their respective claims. The group includes the following islands: San Juan or Haro or Bellevue, Orcas, Lopez, Patos, Stuart, Waldron, John's, Speidens,Shaws, Blakeleyand Decatiir, besides some smaller ones. The portion of the territory which lies E. of the Cascade Mts. is mountainous in the N., but in the S. consists of the " Great Plains " of the Columbia R., Ij'ing between this stream and its tributary the Snake R. These plains extend. WASHINGTON. 936 WASHINGTON. from tlie Bitter Root Mts. in the E. to the Cas- cade Mts. in the W., cover an area of more than 25,000 s(i. mU. and constitute an immense graz- ing ground. The soil consists uniformly of liglu loam, mixed with more or less alkali. iZiwci-.— Wash, is drained chiefly by the Col- umbia R., which enters the N. E. extremity of the territory, flows S. S. W. to its junction with the .Spokane R., which rises in the iJitter Root Mts., and tlien turns westward to its junction •with the Okinakane R., which issues from Okinakane L. in British America. From this point it flows in a southerly direction, skirting the eastern foot-hills of the Cascade Mts., and receives its largest tril)utary, the Snake R. From the moutli of Walla Walla R., near the 46th parallel, the Columbia flows W., breaking through the Cascade Mts. Below Fort Vancou- ver it receives the Willamette R. of Oregon, and turns X. as far as the mouth of the Cowlitz K., whence it flows again W., emptying through a wide estuary between Cape Disappointment and Point Adiims. The tributaries it receives from the Cascade Mts. are the outlet of Lake Chelan, the Pisquause R., the Yakima R., which joins it a short distance above the mouth of Snake R., the Klikitat R.; the Lewis R., which is formed bv the North and South branches; the Cowlitz R., which receives Toutle and Til- ton Rs., Strongs R. and Gray's R. The north-western part of Wash, is drained by numerous small streams, which empty into bays and inlets of the Pacifle Ocean. The Wil- lopah R. empties into the large Shoalwater B., X. of the mouth of tlie Columbia. The Cheha- lis R. rises 40 mis. N. E. of the mouth of the Columbia, in the Coast Ranges, runs E. for 15 inls., receives the Newaukum R. and thence flows N. and X. W., emptying into Gray's Har- bor. The Xisqually R. rises S. of Mt. Rahiier, in the Cascade Mts., flows in a W. N. VV. direc- tion and empties into the southern extremity of Puget Sound, 11 mis. from Olympia. The Puyallup R. rises on the western slope of Mt. Rainier, and flowing parallel to the Xisqually R., through Pierce co., empties into Commence- ment B. of Puget Sound. The next river to the K. is the White, which empties into Elliott B. of Admiralty Inlet, and receives the Cedar R., ■which drains Samamish and Washington lakes. The Snohomish R. joins the waters ot the Sound opposite Whidby's Island. Its upper course is called the Snoqiialmie R., which rises in a pass of the Cascade Mts., of .3.000 feet elevation. A small river, the Stalukwamish, intersects the northern part of Snohomi.sh co. and empties into Port Susan. The Skagitt R. drains a large portion of the Cascade Mts., has in the main W. S. W. course through AVhatcom co. and joins the Sound by two separate channels, 7 mis. apart. The most northerly of these sound rivers is the Xooksahk, or Lummi, which rises N. of Mt. Baker and empties into Bellingham and Lummi Bs. by separate channels. Climate and Vegetation.— Wiiah. has a much milder climate than the region in the same lati- tudes E. of the Rocky Mts. The mean annual temperature of the coast, the Puget Sound ba- sin and the vallevs of the Columlna an4°; September, 56.14; October, 52.10° ; November, 46° ; December, 38°. Thus the diiFerence between the coldest and hottest months of the year was but 26 degrees, and this equability characterizes the climate of the whole territory. The precipitation of moisture (rain and snow) is verv unequallv distributed. While the region W. of the Cascade Mts, re- ceives from 36 inches, near that range, to 80 inches along the coast, an amount as great as that precipitated on the Mississippi Delta and southern Fla.,the region E. of the Cascade Mts. ranks aniong the most arid in tiie United States, where the rain-fall ranges from 12 inches, on the plains, to aljou't 20 and 24 inches in the more elevated districts. With regard, to health, the territory compares favoraljly with any portion of the country, being free from malarious dis- eases and in every waj" conducive to vigor and lono;evity. The Coast Ranges, the basin of Puget Sound and the western declivities of the Cascade Mts., including a few small prairie districts, are cov ered with dense forests of pines, flrs and ce dars. Maple, elm, ash and alder grow exclu sively along the streams. The arid region E. ot the Cascade Mts. is but moderately timbered, forests growing only among the mountains, while the extensive plains are covered with grasses and herbs. Population. — Wash, was settled by emigrants from the northern and western stales. In 1S.5,169 bush, of oats, 5.5,787 Imsli. of barley, 280,719 bush, of Irish poi's, 1.682 lbs. of tobacco, 162,713 lbs. of wool, 407,30i! lbs. of bntter, 6,162 lbs. of hops and 30,233 tons of hay. WASHINGTON. 937 WASHINGTON. The live stock had a value of $2,103,343, and comprised 11,138 horses, 913 mules and asses, 16,- 938 milch cows, 2,181 working oxen, 28,135 other cattle, 44,063 sheep and 17,491 swine. ^fanufacttlres. — Thechief products of industry of the territory are lumber and flour. In 1870 it had 7 planing mills, producini^ planed lum- ber to the value of $616,100, anil 46 saw mills producing sawed lumber to the value of $1,307,- 585. The yellow flr, which often grows 250 to 300 feet high and from 6 to 7 feet thick, is most used for lumber, as it is strong and durable and hij-hly valued for ship-building. Masts for ships'maj- readily be obtained straight and free from knots, more" than 100 feet long. The mills Btand mostly on Puget Sound, within easy reach of tlie ships, which take the prepared lumber to San Francisco, the Sandwich Islands, Japan, China and Europe. There were, in 1870, 20 flouring and grist mills, turning out flour and meal to the value of $321,103. The total number of manufacturing establishments was 269, using 38 steam-engines. Of 1,411 horse-power and 52 water-wheels of 1,412 horse-power. The hands employed num- bered 1,026, the capital invested in manufactur- ing amounted to $1,893,674, and the wages paid to $574,936. The materials consumed had a value of $1,435,128, and the commodities pro- duced of $2,851,052. Commerce and Railroads.— The foreign com- merce of Wash., consisting chiefly in the ex- portation of lumber, spars, piles, living ani- mals and flour, is extensive and is carried on through the ports of Puget Sound, which con- stitutes the only customs district of the terri- tory. In 1871 the imports from foreign countries had a value of $32,914 ; the exports of domestic commodities to foreign countries of $187^81, and of foreign conmiodities of $1,588. The commercial fleet owned in the territory con- sisted of 64 sailing vessels of 17,858 tons, 24 steamers of 3,032 tons and 8 unrigged vessels of 167 tons, making a total of 96 vessels of 21,058 tons. The branch of the Northern Pacific R. R., from Puget Sound to Portland, Oreg., on the Columbia R., is the only railway of Wash. It runs from N. to S. through the Puget Sound basin, and is completed for a distance of 106mls. The Fisheries are destined to hold a promi- nent place among the business pursuits of the territory. Puget Sound, with its numerous Inlets, bays and straits, is the center of this interest. It abounds in salmon of large size and the finest quality. Halibut is next in im- portance. Cod-flsh are caught in various locali- ties of the Pacific coast by vessels owned on the sound. For a distance of 50 mis. from its mouth, the Columbia R. offers great facilities for salmon fishing. The variety of salmon known as the '^' Chinook" comes in countless numbers, and is taken but o, few hours re- moved from salt water. Five establishments on the river have canned nearly 2,000,000 pounds during the season of 1870. Shoalwater 15. fur- nishes large quantities of oj'Sters for the Pa- cific coast trade. Wealth and Taxation. — The assessed value of real estate was, in 1870, $5,146,776,and of person- al estate $5,496,087. The true or estimated value Of both kinds of propertv was $13,562,164 in 1870, against $5,601,466 in 1860. The total, not national, taxation amounted to $163,992, of which $33,743 were territorial taxes, $119,291 county taxes and $10,9.55 city and town taxes. Wash, has no territorial debt. Education. — By an amendatory act, approved July, 1851, there were reserved to the territo- ries of Wash, and Oreg. two townships of land. Of 36 sections each, to be selected for univer- sity purposes under the direction of the legis- latures of said territories respectively. At the session of 1860-61, the Legislative Assembly of Wash, located the university at Seattle, "and created a board of commissioners to locatfl lands, sell the same and contract for clearing and improving of the university site. According to the census, there were, in 1870, 170 schools in Wash., with 85 male and 112 fe- male teachers and 5.499 pupils, of wliom 3,537 attended school. The number of public com- mon schools was 154. The university had 1 male professor and 3 female teachers ; 80 male and .59 female students. Gouej-Mmeni.— Wash., formerly a part of Oreg., was organized as a territory in March, 185,3. The Governor and Secretary are appointed by the President of the United States, and the Audi- tor and Treasurer are chosen under territorial authority. The Legislative Assembly consists of a Council and House of Representatives, and convenes annually on the first Monday in De- cember. The Council is composed of nine mem- bers, elected for three years, and the House of Representatives is composed of thirty mem- bers, elected for one year. The judicial power of the territorj' is vested in a Supreme Court, District Courts "and Justi- ces of the Peace. The Supreme Court consists of a Chief Justice and two Associate Justices, who hold their offices during a term of 4 years. One term of the Supreme Court is held annual- Ij' at the seat of government. For District Court purposes, the territorj^ is divided into three judicial districts, in each of which the Justices of the Supreme Court hold the sessions. For each of these districts a territorial Prose- cuting Attorney is elected by the people for a term of two years. Tlic territory is divided into the following 22 counties: Chehalis, Clallam, Clarke, Cowlitz, Island, Jefferson, King, Kitsap, Klikitat, Lewis, Mason, Pacific, Pierce, Skamania, Snohomish, Stevens. Tliurston, Wahkiakum, Walla Walla, Wliatcom, Whitman, Yakima. Olj-mpia is the territorial capital, and has a population of 1,203. The other places of import- ance are Seattle, Steilacoom City and Port Townsend. 'Washing^ton, co. in Ala., S. W. part. Area about 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 3,912 ; in 1860, 4,669. It borders in the W. on the state of Miss., and in the E. on the Tombigbee R. The surface is slightly undulating arid the soil but moder- ately fertile. The N. W. corner is drained by small affluents of the Chickasawha R., the W. part by the Escatawba R. and the remainder by Sinta Bogue Cr., Bassett's Cr.. Bilbos Cr. and Bates Cr. The Mobile & Ohio R. R. passes through the S. W. part of the co. Mt. Vernon is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: In- dian-corn, 57,034 bush.; Irish pot's, 363 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,260 bush.; cotton, 1,803 bales ; butter, 315 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1.55,620. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $160,- 312. Value of manufactures, $21,750. Washington, V. in Autauga CO., Ala., 10 mis. N. W. of Montgomery. Washington, co. in Ark., N. W. part ; border- ing on Ind. Ter. Area about 1,000 sq. mis. Pop.. 17,266; in 1860, 14,673. The surface is hilly and in some parts mountainous. The central part of the co. is the highest, and forms the water-shed between numerous small streams. White R. intersects the N. £. corner. Fay- etteville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 156,621 bush.; Indian-corn, .580,- 687 bush.; oats, 71,938 bush.; Irish pot's, 40,229 bush.; sweet pot's, 18,562 bush.; cotton, 81 bales; tobacco. 116,176 lbs. Cash value of farms, $2,- 037,060. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $762,.535. Value of manufactures, $27.5,742. "Washington, tn. in Boone co.. Ark. Pop., 445. Washington, tn. in Bradley co., j\jk. Pop., 6.55. Washington, tn. in Conway co., Ark. Pop.,487. WASHINGTON. 938 WASHINGTON. "Washington, tn. in Independence co., Ark. Pop., M(i'J. Washingrton, tn. in Jefferson co., Ark. Pop., 231. Washington, tn. in Sevier co.. Ark. Pop., 619. W^ashington, tn. in Sharp co., Ark. Pop., 5'.t3. Washington, tn. in Ouachita co., Ark. Fop., 401. Washington, tn. in Van Buren co.. Ark. Pop., 117. *W^ashington, p. v. and the co. seat of Hemp- stead CO., Ark., 120 mis. S. W. of Little Rock. Pop. in liS()0, 478. One newspaper. Washington, tn in Alameda co., Cal. Pop., :'!,oii). Washington, tn. in Nevada co., Cal. Pop., 63S. Washington, p. v. in the above tn., fii^ mis. W. of Enii}2:runt Gap a station on the Central Pacific R. R., 26 mis. W. of Truckee. Washington, tn. in Plumas cfe., Cal. Pop., .520. Washington, tn. in Sonoma co., Cal. Pop., .'■.48. Washington, tn. in Stanislaus co., Cal. Pop., 281. Washington, tn. in Yolo co., Cal. Pop., 809. Washington, tn. in Litchfield co., Conn. Pop., 1,.W3. Washington, p. v. in the above tn., on She- pans Valley R. R., 13 mis. S. of Litchfield. Washington, p. o. in Yankton co.. Dak. Ter. Washington, the only co. of the D. C, with which it is co-extensive. Washing;ton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8,782 bush.; rye, 3,?24 bush.; Indian-corn, 28,020 bush.; oats, 8",i500 bush.; Irish pot's, 27,367 bush.; sweet pot's, .5,790 bush.; butter, 4,495 lbs.; hay, 2,019 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,800,230. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $319,- 517. "Washington, city, capital of the United States, territorial capital of the District of Columbia and co. seat of Washington co.; is situated on the N. bank of the Potomac R., between two tributaries of this stream known as Rock Cr. and the East Branch. It is the southern ternnnus of the Washington Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 40 mis. S. of Baltimore, and the northern terminus of the Alexandria & Washington R. R., 7 mis. N. of Alexandria and 116 mis. N. of Richmond, Va. The distance from AVashington to Philadel- phia is 136 mis., to New York 226 mis. and to Boston 432 mis. The site of the city was chosen in 1790, prior to which date there was here neither settle- ment nor village. In 1793 George Washington laid the corner-stone of the Capitol ; in 1800 the seat of government was removed hither from Philadelphia, and twoyears later Washington was incorporated as a city. The area within the city limits is about 4i^ mis. long by 2}^ mis. wide, and includes over 11 sq. mis. The plan of the city was made under the direction of George Washington and laid out by Andrew Ellicott. The whole site is tra- versed by streets running E. and W. and by streets running N. and S., so as to divide it into rectangular blocks. The streets running N. and S. are numbered ; those running E. and W. are nameouisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R. passes through the CO. Salem is the co. seat. Agr. pi'oduc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 213,.378 bush.; rve. 942 bush.; Indian-corn, fi81,.399 bush.; oats, 2,53,229 bush.; Irisli pot's, 33,803 bush.; sweet pot's. 2,209 bush.; butter, .'120,309 lbs.; hav. 8,546 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,209,183. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $1,308,059. Value of manufactures, $921,121. Washington, tn. in Adams co., Ind. Pop., 1,846. Washington, tn. in Allen co., Ind. Pop., 1,628. lil'ashington, tn. in Blackford co., Ind. Pop., 1,008. Washington, tn. in Boone eo., Ind. Pop., 1,391. Washington, tn. in Brown co., Ind. Pop., 2,187. W^ashington, tn. in Carroll co., Ind. Pop., 920. ■Washington, tn. in Cass co., Ind. Pop., 1,220. Washington, tn. in Clarke co., Ind. Pop., 1,3.57. Washington, tn. in Clay co.,Ind. Pop., 1,867. Washington, tn. in Clinton co., Ind. Pop., 1.134. Washington, tn. in Daviess co., Ind. Pop., 4,9.56. =!=Washington, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, oii the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 19 mis. E. of Vincennes. Has large interests in the mining and shipping of coal and general manufacturing. Pop., 2,901. Four newspapers. Washington, tn. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 510. Washington, tn. in Decatur co., Ind. Pop., 4,.591. Washington, tn. in Delaware co., Ind. Pop., 1,190. ■Washington, tn. in Elkhart co., Ind. Pop., 1..391. ■Washington, tn. in Gibson co., Ind. Pop., 757. W^ashington, tn. in Grant CO., Ind. Pop., 1,139. Wasliington, tn. in Greene co., Ind. Pop., 610. ■Washington, tn. in Hamilton co., Ind. Pop., 3,590. Washington, tn. in Harrison co., Ind. Pop., 1,176. ■Wasliington, tn. in Hendricks co., Ind. Pop., 1,502. Washington, tn. in Jackson co., Ind. Pop., 9(;o. ■Washington, tn. in Knox co., Ind. Pop., 1,537. ■Washington, tn. in Kosciusko co., Ind. Pop., 2,288. ■Washington, tn. in Marion co., Ind. Pop., 2,439. Washington, tn. in Miami co., Ind. Pop., 1,306. ■Washington, tn. in Monroe co., Ind. Pop., 990. Washington, tn. in Morgan co., Ind. Pop., 3,1.51. Washington, tn. in Newton co., Ind. Pop., 983. Washington, tn. in Noble Co., Ind. Pop., 766. W'ashington, tn. inOwenco., Ind. Pop., 2,547. Washington, tn. in Pike co., Ind. Pop., 2,363. ■Wasliington, tn. inPorterco., Ind. Pop., 647. Washington, tn. in Putnam co., Ind. Pop., 1,843. WASHINGTON. 941 WASHINGTON. Wasbingtou, tn. in Randolpli co., Incl Pop., 2,051. Washington, tn. in Ripley co., Ind. Pop., l,-20iJ. WustiingtAn, tn. in Rush co., Ind. Pop., 1,148. '^'asUiiig'ton, tn. in Shelby co., Ind. Pop., 1,390. IVashington, tn. in Starke co., Ind. Pop., 546. TVashing'ton, tn. in Tippecanoe co., Ind. Poll., 1,376. Washington, tn. in Warren co., Ind. Pop., 1,25]. Washington, tn. in "Washington co., Ind. Pop., 4,172. Washington, tn. in Wayne co., Ind. Pop., 2,040. Washington, tn. in Whitley co., Ind. Pop., 1,246. Washington, v. in Wayne co., Ind., on the Columbus, Chicago & Indiana Central R. R., 9 mis. N. W. of Richmond. Pop., 379. The p. o. is Green's Fork. Washington, co. in Iowa, S. E. part. Area, 575 sq. mis. Pop., 18,952; in 1860, 14,23.5. The surface is rolling and the soil good. The Skunk R. intersects the S. W. corner, and the Iowa R. forms part of the E. boundary, re- ceiving English R. and other affluents. The CO. is intersx'cted by the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific li. K. Washington is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 333,0,53 bush.; i-ye, 13,773 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,028,564 bush.; oats, 268,027 bush.; Irish pot's, 67,167 bush.; sweet pot's. 1,261 bush.; wool, 66,864 lbs.; but- ter, 457,010 lbs.; liay, 31,246 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,13.5,408. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,786,789. Value of manufac- tures, ^533,.545. Washington, tn. in the above co. Pop., 4,043. •^Washington, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on the Chicago, Rock Island &, Paci- fic R. R., at junction of Southwestern Branch of same, and E. terminus of Sigourney Branch of same, 48 mis. W. S. W. of JVIusca- tlne ; has large local trade and important manufacturing interests. Pop., 2,575. Three newspapers. Washington, tn. in Adair co., Iowa. Pop., 495. Washington, tn. tn Adams co., Iowa. Pop., .535. Washington, tn. in Appanoose co., Iowa. Pop., 1.873. Washington, tn. In Black Hawk co., Iowa. Pop., 548. Washington, tn. in Bremer co., Iowa. Pop., 3,239. Washington, tn. in Buchanan co., Iowa. Pop., 1,259. Washington, tn. in Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 402. Washington, tn.in Chickasaw co., Iowa. Pop., 668. Washington, tn. in Clarke co., Iowa. Pop., 594. Washington, tn. in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 9;)5. Washington, tn. in Dallas co., Iowa. Pop., 468. Washington, tn. in Des Moines co., Iowa. Pop.. 1,081. Washington, tn. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pop., 963. Washington, tn. in Franklin co., Iowa. Pop., 1.079. Washington, tn, in Greene co., Iowa. Pop., 1,411. Washington, tn. in Iowa CO., Iowa. Pop., 619. Washington, tn. in Jackson co., Iowa. Pop., 1,051. Washington, tn. in Jasper CO., Iowa. Pop., 498. Washington, tn. in Johnson co., Iowa. Pop., 933. Washington, tn. in Jones co., Iowa. Pop.. 860. W^ashlngton, tn. in Keokuk co., Iowa. Pop., 1,467. Washington, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,075. Washington, tn. in Einn CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,483. Washington, tn. in Lucas co.. Iowa. Pop., 7.53. Washington, tn. in Marion co.. Iowa. Pop., 1 ,285. Washington, tn. in Marshall co.. Iowa. Pop., 80(>. Washington, tn. in Montgomery co., Iowa. Pop., 426. "^'ashington, tn. in Page co., Iowa. Pop., 609. Washington, tn. in Polk co., Iowa. Pop., 640. Washington, tn. in Poweshiek co., Xowa. Pop., 626. Washington, tn. in Ringgold co., Iowa. Pop., 518. Washington, tn. in Story co., Iowa. Pop., I,(i66. Washington, tn. in Taylor co., Iowa. Pop., 401. Washington, tn. in Van Buren co., Iowa. Pop., 1,036. Washington, tn. in Wapello co., Iowa. Pop., 1..596. W^ashington, tn. in Warren co., Iowa. Pop.. 3,379. Washington, tn. in Wayne co.. Iowa. Pop., 693. Washington, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 7,650. Washington, tn. in Winneshiek co.. Iowa. Pop., 1,460. W^ashington, co. in Kans., N. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. Pop., 4,081; in 1860, 383. The surface is rolling and consists of prairie land with well timbered river bottoms ; the soil is mod- eratelv fertile and well watei'ed by the Little Blue and Little Black Rs. The St. Joseph & Denver City R. R. intersects the N. E. corner of the CO. Washington is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat. .51,176 bush.; rye, 611 bush.; Indian-corn, 123,124 bush.; oats, 18,- 484 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,109 bush.; sweet pot's, 111 bush.; butter, 53,182 lbs.; hay, 5,284 tons. Cash value of farms, $453,290. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $165,307. Value of manufactures, $46,074. W^ashington, tn. in Anderson Co., Kans. Pop., 427. W^ashington, tn. in Crawford co., Kans. Pop., 595. W^ashington, tn. in Doniphan co., Kans. Pop., 2,513. Washington, tn. in Washington co., Kans. Pop., 1,238. ^Washington, p. v. in the above tn. and the CO. seat, on Mill (3r., 10 nils. S. W. of Hanover ; surrounded by an agricultural section. One newspaper. W^ashington, co. in Ky., central part. Area, .550 .sq. nils. Pop., 12,464; in 1860, 11,575. The CO. is bounded on the N. by Chaplin's Fork of Salt R., and has a rolling" surface, which is well ti mbered and intei-sected by deeply cut valleys of the small streams. Springfield is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 115,899 bush.; rve, 40,437 bush.: Indian-corn, 643,588 bush.; oats, 84,742 bnsh.; Irish pot's, 22,- 405 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,887 bush.; butter, 1.50,- 997 lbs.: hav, 2,201 tons. Cash value of farms, $4,.349,6,57. 'Total, estimated, value of all farm, productions, including additions to stock, etc., $938,372. Value of manufactui-es, $138,056. W^ashlngton, p. v. in Mason co., Ky., 4 mis. S. W. of Maysville, the co. seat. Pop., 240. Washington, parish in La., E. jiart. Pop., 3,.3.30 ; in 1860, 4,708. It is bounded on Uie E. by the Pearl B. and on the W. by the Tangi- WASHINGTON. 042 WASHINGTON. pahoa R., and is intersected from N. to S. by the Bosriu! Chitto R., which drains the par- rish. The surface is slij^litly undulating ; the soil sandy and well timberetl with pine for- ests. Franklinton is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Indian-corn, 33,72!) bush.; Irish pot's, 51-J bush.; sweet pot*s, lt,903 bush.; cotton, 533 bales ; rice, 12,807 lbs.; butter, i),0r>5 lbs. Cash value of farms, $C3,90S. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $230,589. Val- ue of manufactures, $8,300. *Wa«*liiii|fton, p. v. in St. Landry parish. La., (> nils. N. of Opelousas. Pop., 907. "Washington, eo. in Me., forming the S. E. extremity of the state. Area about 2,.350 sq. mis. Pop., 43.343; in 18G0, 42,534. The St. Croix R. and Passamaquoddy B. form the eastern boundary and separate the co. from New Brunswick. In the S. it borders on the Atlantic Ocean, which forms numerous bays and excellent harbors. Baskahegan and Grand Lakes are in the northern part, drain- ing into the Mattawamkeag R. and the St. Croix R. respectively. The southern part of the CO. is drained by the Pleasant R., Machias R., and other small streams emptying direct- ly into the ocean. The surface is undulating ; the soil ))roductive. Machias is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,029 bush.; rye, 131 bush.; Indian-corn, 953 bush.; oats, 35-, 997 bush.; Irish pot's, 237,102 bush.; sweet pot's, 1.50 bush.; butter, 57(),913 lbs.; hay, 30,120 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,138,252. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $1,073,194. Principal products of industrv: Sawed lum- ber, $1,().37,367 ; tanned leather, $528,2t;7 ; forged and rolhMl iron, $590,216, and ship-building and repairing, $387,770. Total value of manu- factures, $1,273,067. Washington, tn. in Knox co.. Me. Pop., 1,27G. Washington, p. v. in the above tn., 24 mis. E. ot Augusta. Washington, eo. in Md., N. part. Area about 475 sq. mis. Pop., 34,712 ; in 1860, 31,417. It lies between the Potomac R. and the state line of Pa. The South Mt. forms the eastern boundary, and other chains intersect the co. from N. E. to S. W. The principal streams are Antiet;im Cr., Conecoeheague Cr. and Licking Cr. The soil of the valleys is fertile. The Baltimore & Ohio R. R. passes through the CO. Hagerstown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 930,246 bush.; rye, 28,394 bush.: Indian-corn, 737,9S9 bush.; oats, 142,886 bush.; Irish pot's, 90,.S85 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,084 bush.; butter, 393,070 lbs.: liay, 29,- 281 tons. Cash value of farms, $13,884,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,.560.2.33. Value of manufactures, .S2,,593,813. Washington, tn. in Berkshire co., Mass. Po]!.. (i94. Wasliington, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 13 mis. S. E. of Pitts- fleld. Washington, tn. in Macomb co., Mich. Pop., Washington, p. v. in Macomb co., Mich., on St. Clriir & Chicago Air Line II. R.. 5 mis. S. of Ronico. Washington, tn. in Gratiot co., Mich. Pop., 551. Washington, tn. in Sanilac Co., Mich. Pop., Washington, co. in Minn., E. part. Area, 530 sq. mis. Pop., 11,,S09; in ISlo, 6,123. It is l)ound. Wasliington, tn. in Mercer co., N. J. Pop., 1,291. Washington, tn. in Warren co., N. J. Pop., 2.160. •Washington, p. borough in the above tn., on the Morris Canal and the Morris & Essex R. R., at S. terminus of Delaware, Lackawan- na & Western R. R., 71 mis. W. of New York and 14 mis. E. of Easton, Pa. An important shipping noint for cereals and the products of agricultural surroundings. Pop., 1,880. Two newspapers. Washington, tn. in Bergen co., N. J. Pop., 3,514. Washington, tn. in Camden co., N. J. Pop., 1,.567. <^ Washington, V. in Middlesex co., N. J., 10 mis. S. E. of New Brunswick. The p. o. is South River. Washington, .tn. in Morris co., N.J. Pop., 2,484. Washington, co. in N. Y., E. part. Area about 785 sq. mis. Pop., 49,568; in 1860, 45,904. It borders in the E. on Vt. and on the south- ern end of Lake Champlain, and on the W. on Lake George and the Hudson R. The Hoosick, Pawlet and Poultuey Rs. drain it. The north- ern part, between the two lakes, is occupied by a range belonging to the Adirondack System ; the S. is uneven and has, on the whole, a fertile soil. The Rensselaer & Saratog,a R. R. inter- sects the CO. Salem and Sandy Hill are the co. seats. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 24,091 bush.; rve, 105,932 busli.; Indian-corn, 384,702 bush.; oats, 761,489 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,141,464 bush.; cheese, 225.002 lbs.; wool, .507,183 lbs.; but- ter, 1,606,457 lbs.; hay, 118,257 tons. Cash value of farms, $29,113,663. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions^including additions to stock, etc., $4,924,103. The principal articles of Industry, with their values, are sawed lumber, $915,537; planed lumber, $425,664; printing paper, $484,974 ; pig iron, $330,000 ; flour and meal, $247,607 ; and worsted goods, $289,700. Total value of manufactures, $5,028,. 391. Washington, tn. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Pop., 2,791. Washington, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mle. E. of the Dutchess & Columbia R. R. and 15 -mis. N. E. of Poughkeepsie. Washington, co. in N. C, E. part. Pop., 6,510 ; 1860, 6,357. It is bounded on the N. by the estuary of the Roanoke R. and Albemarle Sound. The surface is low and level, and a large portion of it is occupied by the Alliga- tor Swamp. Plymouth is the co seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 2,413 bush.; rye, 191 bush.; Indian-corn, 152,038 bush.; oats, 4,104 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,207 bush.; sweet pot's, 28,. 309 bush.; cotton, 1,087 bales; hay, 518 tons. Cash value of farms, $393,207. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $296,822. Value of manufactures, $94,400. Washington, tn. in Beaufort co., N. C, Pop., 3,304. *Washington, p. v. and the co. seat of Beau- fort CO., N. C, on Pamlico R. and Sound, 22 mis. S. of Williamston. The place enjoys fine commercial advantages. Pop., 2,094. One newspaper. Washington, co. in Ohio, S. E. part. Area, 660 sq. mis. Pop.. 40,609 ; in 1860, 36,268. The surface is rolling and the soil generally fer- tile. Bituminous coal and iron ore are found. The Ohio R. forms its S. E boundary, sepa- rating it from W. Va. It is intersected by the Muskingum and Little Muskingum Rs. The Marietta & Cincinnati R. R. passes through the CO. Marietta is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 206,.549 bush.: rye, 19,470 bush.; Indian-corn, 675,616 bush.; oats, 245,414 bush.; Irish pot's, 216,297 bush.; sweet pot's, 7,927 bush.; butter, 702,606 lbs.; hay, 26,431 tons. Cash value of farms, $10,432,746. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,212,994. Value of manufactures, $2,341,913. Washington, tn. in Auglaize co., Ohio. Pop., 840. Washington, tn. in Belmont co., Ohio. Pop., 1,367. Washington, tn. in Brown co., Ohio. Pop- 1,082. Washington, tn. in Carroll co., Ohio. Pop., 740. Washington, tn.in Clermont co., Ohio. Pop., 2,818. W^ashington, tn. in Clinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,2.58. Washington, tn. in Columbiana co., Ohio. Pop., 2,228. Washington, tn. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Pop., 768. Washington, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 1,.537. Washington, tn. in Defiance co., Ohio. Pop., 1,016. Washington, co. seat of Fayette CO., Ohio. (See Washington Court House.) Washington, tn. in Franklin co., Oliio. Pop., 1,334. Washington, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 712. '"Washington, p. v. in Guernsey co., Ohio, on the Central Ohio & Lake Erie Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., S}4 mis. E. of Cam- bridge, the CO. seat. Pop., 5o4. Washington, tn. in Hancock co., Ohio. Pop., 1,579. Washington, tn. in Hardin CO., Ohio. Pop., 883. W^ashington, v. in the above tn. (See North Washington.) Washington, tn. in Harrison co., Ohio. Pop., l,09s. W^ashington, tn. in Henry co., Ohio. Pop., 1,14L WASHINGTON. 944 WASHINGTON. Wasliin^ton, v. in Henry co., Ohio, on To- ledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 25 mis. S. W. of Toledo. Washington, tn. in Highland co., Ohio. Pop., 97-2. Wasbington, tn. in Hocking co., Ohio. Pop., 1,634. Waiiibingrton, tn. in Holmes co., Ohio. Pop., Washington, tn. in Jackson co., Ohio. Pop., 1,133. Washington, v. in .Jackson co., Ohio, On the Portsmouth Branch of the Marietta 50. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ign additions to stock, etc., $430,158. Value of manufactures, $90,097. Washington, co. in Pa., W. S. W. part. Area about 8.50 sq. mis. Pop., 48,483; in 1860, 46,805. It is bounded ou the W. by the state line of W. Va. and on the E. by the Monongahela R., which receives Dunkard Cr., Ten Mile Cr., Chartiers Cr. and Raccoon Cr. The western part of the co.- is drained by small affluents of the Ohio R. The surface is high and very uneven, being deeply cut by numerous val- leys. The soil is productive. The co. is in- tersected by the Pittsburgh & Steuben R. R. and the Hempfleld R. R. Washington is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 451,828 bush.; rye, 27,243 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,467,904 bush.; oats, 1,062,408 bush.; Irish pot's, 187,516 bush.; sweet pot's, 31i bush.; butter, 1,178,306 lbs.; hay, 07,595 tons. Cash value of farms, $-39,015,006. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., ^,526,239. Value of manufactures, $2,037,441. M'ool product 1,862,752 lbs. Washington, tn. in Armstrong co., Pa. Pop., 1,180. TVashington, tn. in Berks CO., Pa. Pop., 1,609. Tl'^ashington, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 996. Washington, tn. in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 1,904. Washington, tn. in Clarion co., Pa. Pop, 1,240. Washington, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop. 1,255. "Washington, tn. in Erie co., Pa. Pop., 1,943, Washington, tn. in Fayette CO., Pa. Pop. 1 ,06.5. Washington, tn. in Franklin co.. Pa. Pop. 2,364. Washington, tn. in Greene co.. Pa. Pop., 763 W^ashington, tn. in Indiana co.. Pa. Pop. 1,466. Washington, tn. in Jefiferson co.. Pa. Pop, 1,124. W^ashington, tn. in Lawrence co., Pa. Pop. 612. Washington, borough in Lancaster co.. Pa., on Susquehanna R., 3 mis. below Columbia. The p. o. is Manor. Pop., 673. Washington, tn. in Lehigh CO., Pa. Pop., 2,464. Washington, tn. in Lyconiing co., Pa. Pop., 1,122. Washington, tn. in Northumberland co., Pa. Pop., 801. Washington, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., 1,313. "Washington, tn. in Snyder CO., Pa. Pop., 1,541. ^Washington, p. borough and the co. seat of Washington co.. Pa., on Chartiers Cr., at S. terminus of Chartiers R. R. and E. terminus of Hempfleld R. R., 29 lals. S. S. W. of Pitts- burgh. The borough has a large local trade, flue surroundings, important manufacturing inteiests, and is the seat of several tine insti- tutions of learning. Pop., 3,571. Three news- papers. Washington, tn. in Westmoreland i o.. Pa. Pop., 1,416. Washington, tn. in Wyoming co.. Pa. Pop., 793. Washington, tn. in York co.. Pa. Pop., 1,444. Washington, co. in R. I., forming the S. W. extremity of the state. Area about 335 sq. mis. Pop., 20,097 ; in 1860, 18,715. In the E. it borders on Narragausett B.; in the S. on the Atlantic Ocean, and in the W. on the slate of Conn. The Pawcutuck R., which forma part of the western boundary, is the largest stream. The surface is uneven and in the western part hilly ; the soil is productive. The Stonington & Providence R. R. intersects the CO. Kingston is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 473 bush.; rye, 2,059 bush.; Indian-corn, 88,640 bush.; oats, 5.3,755 bush.; Irisli pot's, 118,017 bush.; butter, 248,354 lbs.; hay, 20,425 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,590,767. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $8-28,804. Principal products of industry : Cotton goods, $1,417,806, and woollen goods, $3,906,643. Total value of manufactures, $6,- 083.320. Washington, v. in Kent co., R. I., on Hartford, Providence & Fishkill R. R., 3 mis. S. of River Point. Pop. about 250, WASHINGTON. 945 WASHINGTON HAEBOR. Washington, co. in Tenn., N. E. part. Area, 510 sq. mis. Pop., 10,317; in 1860, 14,829. It borders in the S. E. on N. C, from which it is separated by the crest of the Uuaba Chain, here called the Bald Mt. A large part of the CO. is broken and mountainous. The Noli- chucky K. flows through the southern part, wliile the Watauga R. washes the N. E. border. The Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R. in- tersects the CO. from N. E. to S. W. Jones- borough is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 170,934 bush.; rve, 6,4.39 bush.; In- dian^orn, 290,388bush.; oats, 148,383 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,488 bush.; sweet pot's, Sje.W bush.; to- bacco, 2-2,S0G lbs.; buttei", 167,677 lbs.; hay, 5,669 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,228,291. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., .$882,804. Value of manufactures, $234,354. Washing-ton, p. v. and the co. seat of Rhea CO., Tenn., on the Tennessee R., 19 mis. N. W. of Athens on the East Tennessee & Virginia R. R. Pop., 223. Washing-ton, co. in Tex., central part. Area, 475 sq. mis. Pop., 23,104 ; in 1860, 15,215. The surface is undulating ; the soil rich. The Bra- zos R. forms the E. boundary and Tegua Cr. the K. boundary. Bronham is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 663,252 bush.; oats, 80 bush.; Irish pots, 11,814 bush.; sweet pot's, 59,092 bush.; cotton, 22,452 bales; butter, 157,237 lbs.; hay, 1,023 tons. Cash value of farms, $.3,765,786. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,872,244. Value of manufactures, .$121,150. Washington, p. v. in the above co., on the Brazos R., 6 mis. S. of Navasota. Pop., inclu- sive of tn., 4,354. Washington, co. in Utah Ter., forming the S. W. extremity of the territory. Pop., 3,064 ; in 1860, 691. It is occupied by the Wahsatch Mts. and intersected by the Virgin R. St. George is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5,444 bush.; Indian-corn, 5,769 bush.; oats, 835 bush.; Irish pot's, 10,209 bush.; sweet pot's, 1.53 bush.; butter, 5,060 lbs.; hay, 196 tons. Cash value of farms, $84,815. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $84,355. Value of manufactures, $160,113. Washington, p. v. in the above oo., 5 mis. N. E. of St. Gi'orge. Pop., inclusive of tn., 463. Wasliington, co. in Vt., N. central part. Area about 580 sq. mis. Pop., 26,508; in 1860, 27,612. The W. boundary is formed by the Green Mts. It is drained by the headwaters and affluents of the AVinooski, or Onion, R. The surface is uneven. The Green Mts. occupy the E. and W. parts. The Vermont Central R. R. passes through the co. Montpelier is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 29,520 bush.; I'ye, 3,651 bush.; Indian-corn, 127,480 bush.; oats, 395,424 bush.: Irish pot's, 393,841 bush.; wool, 121, 195 lbs.; butter, 2,218,224 lbs. ; hay, 83,961 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,305,586. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $3,666,376. Value of manufactures, $1,876,585. Washington, tn. in Orange Co., Vt. Pop., Washington, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. S. S. E. of Montpelier. Washington, co. in Va., S. S. W. part. Area about 485 sq. mis. Pop., 16,816; in 1860, 16,892. It borders in the S. on Tenn. Clinch Mt. trends along the north-western border and Iron Mountain along the south-eastern. Wal- ker's Mt. extends through the co. from S. W. to K. E., and divides it into two picturesque valleys which possess an excellent soil. The western valley is traversed by the North Fork and the eastern by the Middle and South Forks of the Holston R. The co. abounds in valuable minerals, and la equally well adapted 60 to farming and stock raising. Abingdon la the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 106,521 bush.; rye, 10,863 bush.; Indian-corn, 351,732 bush.; oats, 183,147 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,383 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,486 bush.; tobacco, 27,864 lbs.; butter, 187,010 lbs.; hay, 5,008 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,435,203. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $942,725. Value of manufactures, $763,771. Washington, tn. in Alexandria co., Va. Pop., .555. Washington, tn. in Norfolk co., Va. Pop., 2,124. Washington, p. v. and the co. seat of Rappa- hannock CO., Va., on a branch of the Rappa- hannock R., 25 mis. W. of Warrenton. Washington, tn. in Richmond co., Va. Pop., 1,760. W^ashington, tn. in Westmoreland co., Va. Pop., 2,467. Washington, tn. in Boone co., W. Va. Pop., 1,01.5. Washington, tn. in Braxton co., W. Va. Pop., 1.39.5. Washington, tn. in Calhoun co., W. Va. Pop., .582. W^ashington, tn. in Jackson co., W. Va. Pop., 1.449. W^ashington,tn. in Kanawha co.,W.Va. Pop., 1,065. W^ashington, tn. in Lincoln co., W. Va. Pop., 543. Washington, tn. in Marshall co., W. Va. Pop., 993. Washington, tn. in Ohio co., W. Va. Pop., .533. Washington, tn. in Pleasants co.jW. Va. Pop., 820. Washington, tn. in Upshur co., W. Va. Pop., 1,016. Washington, co. in Wis., S. E. part. Area, 570 sq. mis. Pop., 23,919; in 1860, 23,622. The sui-- face is generally level and the soil extremely fertile. Milwaukee R. passes through tlie E. part. The CO. is intersected by the Milwaukee &St. PaulR. R. West Bend is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 716,687 bush.; rye, 75,767 bush.; l7idian-corn, 216,382 bush.; oats, 393,543 bush.; Irish pot's, 192,995 bush.; butter, 6.32,214 lbs.; hay, 23,025 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,328,575. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,928,664. Value of manufactures, $870,096. W^ashington, tn. in Door co., Wis. Pop., 384» Washington, tn. in Eau Claire co., Wis. Pop.,, .527. Washington, tn. in Green co.. Wis. Pop., 901. Washington, tn. in La Crosse co.. Wis. Pop.,. 870. Washington, tn. in Sauk co., Wis. Pop.,, 1,042. W^ashington, tn. in Shawanaw co.. Wis. Pop.,. 71. Washington Centre, p. o. in Whitley co.,. Ind. Washington College, p. o. in Washtngton CO., Tenn. Washington Corners, p. v. in Alameda co.,. Cal., on Niles Branch of Central Pacific R. B.,. a few mis. S. of Niles. Washington Corners, v. in Morris co., N.. J., 114 Da's. S. W. of Morristown. The p. o. i3 Mencfham. Washington Court Honse, p. v. and the CO. seat of Fayette co., Ohio, on Paint R. and on the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R., 27 mis. W. of CircleviUe. It is a thriving agricultural tn., and has a large local trade and important manufactories. Pop., 2,117. Two newspapers. Washington Gulch, p. o. in Deer Lodge eo.,. Mont. Ter. Washington Harbor, p. v. in Door co.,'Wi8., WASHINGTON HEIGHTS. 946 WATERBURY. at the N'. extremitj' of the peninsula between Ureen J$. and Lake Michigan. Wastaing^ton Mcig^lits, p. v. in Cook co.,Ill., at intersection of Ciiieago, Koeli Island & Pacific R. It. with the Pittsbnrgli, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 12 mis. S. of Chicago. Wnshingrtou Hollow, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., 3 nils. \V. of Washington and 12 mis. N. E. of Pouglikeepsie. Washington Junction, v. in Baltimore eo., >M., on the main line and the Washington Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 1\4 mis. S. W. of Baltimore. The p. o. is St. Denis. Washington liake, tn. in Sibley cc, Minn. Pop. , tiOS. Washington Slills, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Utica, Clienango & Susquehanna Val- ley Division of the Delaware, Lackawanna& Western R. R., 5 mis. S. of Utica. Pop. about 100. Washington, Moant, in Coos co., N. H.; is 6,500 feet high. It is now ascended by means of a railway, and from its summit is obtained the most extensive of the Wliite Mountain views. On its crest is erected a station of the Signal Corps of the United States for me- teorological observations. Washington Prairie, p. v. in "Winneshiek CO.. Iowa., 7 mis. W. of Waukon. Washington's Crossing, v. in Mercer co., N. .J., on Belvidere Division of Pennsylvania R. R., mis. N. of Trenton. , Washingtonville, v. in Orange co., N. Y., a few mis. S. W. of Xewburgh. Washingtonville, p. v. in Mahoning eg., Ohio, on the Niles & New Lisbon R. R., I mle. N. of Leetonia. Pop., 233. Washingtonville, v. in Salem tn., Columbi- ana CO., Oliio. It is part of the above v., which is its p. o. Pop., 517. Washingtonville, p. borough in Montour CO., Pa., on Chillisciuaque Cr., S mis. N. N. W. of Danville. Pop., 172. Washita, a tributary of the Red R.; rises in Polk CO., Ark., flows E. to Hot Springs co., where it assumes a south-easterly course to the La. state line. Thence it flowsS. and emp- ties into the Red R. between Concordia and Catahoula parishes. It is about 600 mis. long and navigable as far as Camden, Ark., 300 mis. above its mouth. Its chief tributaries are Brushy Fork, Caddo Cr.. Bayou d'Arbonne, Bayou Moro, Saline R., Bayou Boeuf, Bayou Bartholomew and Tensas R. Washoe, co. in Nev., W. part. Pop., 3,091. Lies N. of Ormsby co. along tlie base of the foot- hills of the Sierra Nevada, and is one of the most important agricultural cos. of the state. Several miiunji (listricts have been located, and coal and galena have been found. Exten- sive forests of pine cover the E. range of the Sierra Nevada, which crosses this co., and yield valuable lumber. Hot springs are abund- ant in several localities. This eo. includes the famous Comstock Vein, the most valuable deposit of silver ores thus far found in our country. It runs nearly in the direction of the magnetic meridian along the eastern slope of the Mt. Davidson Range. The co. seat is Washoe City. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 2,874 bush.; rye, 175 bush.; Indian-corn, 820 bush.; oats, 8,825 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,.570 bush.; butter, 9,G90 lbs.; hay, 5,399 tons. Cash value of farms, $221,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions. Including addi- tions to stock, etc., $152,173. Value of manu- factures, *S28,G30. Wai^hoe City, p. v. and the co. seat of Washoe CO., Nev., 15 mis. S. of Reno. Pop., 552. "Washta, p. o. in Cherokee eo., Iowa. Washtenaw, eo. in Mich., S. E. part. Area, 720 sq. nUs. Pop., 41,434; in ISUO, 35,686. The surface is level; the soil is deep and fertile. It is intersected by Huron R., the North Branch of the Raisin R., and the EastBi-anch of the Grand R., which afford abundant water- power. There are many small lakes in the N, part. The Michigan Central R. R. passes through the co. Ann Arbor is tlie co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,0,50,311 bush.; rye, 6,859 bush.; Indian-corn, 874,822 bush.; oats, 418,138 hush.; Irish pot's, a50,409 bush.; wool, 90(3,011 lbs.; butter, 1,248,586 lbs.; hay, 76,678 tons. Cash value of farms, $22,156,- 160. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $4,912,618. Value of manufactures, $3,668,462. W^asioga, tn. in Dodge CO., Minn. Pop., 1,1.'?4. Wasioga, p. v. in the above tn., 7V^ mis. N. K. of Kasson. Pop., 324. , WasUey's Mills, p. v. in Botetourt co., Va., 15 mis. from Bon.sack's. ^Vaskom Station, p. o. in Harrison co., Tex. Wassaic, p. v. in Dutchess co., N. Y., on the New York & Harlem R. R., 3 mis. S. of Amenia. Wassonvllle, p. v. in Washington co., Iowa, 22 mis. S. W. of Iowa City. Wassnck Monntains, a lofty range in Es- meralda CO., Nev., trending N. W. and S. E.; rises abruptly from the shoi-es of Walker's R. and Walker's Lake. Wastedo, p. v. in Goodhue co., Minn., 22 mis. from Red Wing. Watab, In. in Benton co., Minn. Pop., 58. Watab, p. o. in the above tn. Wataga, p. v. in Knox co.. 111., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quinev R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Galesburgh. Pop., 1,20,5. Watanga, co. in N. C, N. W. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 5,287 ; in 18()0, 4.957. It ex- tends from the Blue Ridge in the S. E. to the Stone Mts. in tlie N. W.. and includes the sources of the Watauga R. and the New R. The surface is elevated and mountainous. The soil is productive, especially along the water-courses, and well adapted to stock rais- ing. Boone is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 6,163 bush.; rye, 17,317 bush.; Indian-corn, 75,944 bush.: oats, 18,724 bush.; Irish pot's, 11,.381 bush ; sweet pot's, 940 bush.; butter, 50,,598 lbs.: hav. l.,5;>8 tons. Cash value of farms, $239,638. "Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $209,278. Watanga Falls, p. o. in Watauga CO.. N. C. Watanga River, a tributary of the Holston R.; rises in the Yellow Mts. of Watauga CO., N. C., breaks through a gap in the Unaka Range (see Tenn.), and after flowing W. N. W. empties 12 mis. N. of Jonesborough. It affords extensive water-power, which is used In the manufacture of iron. Watanwon, p. v. in Blue Earth co., Minn., 6 mis. S. of Lake Crystal. Watchenmoket, p. v. in Providence co., R. I., 2U mis. E. S. E. of Providence. Watch Hill, p. v. in Washington co., R. I., near Watch Hill Point, 2 mis. S. E. of Stonin^- ton. Conn., and near the entrance to Fisher s Sound. Watenee, p. o. in Richland co., S. C. Waterborongh, tn. in "York co., Me. Pop., 1.548. Waterborongh, p. o. in the v. of South Waterborongh, in the above tn., on the Port- land & Rochester R. R., 4 mis. N. of Alfred. Waterborongh Centre, p. o. in York co., Me. Waterbargh, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., 1714 nils. N. E. of Wat kins. Waterbury, tn. in New Haven co., Conn. Pop., 13,106. * Waterbury, city in New Haven co.. Conn., in Naugatuck Valley, at the junction of Great Brook, Mad R. and Naugatuck R., and on the Naugatuck R. R., at S. E. terminus of branch to Watertown and at present W. terminus of Hartford, Providence & Fishkill R. R.. 32 mis. N. of Bridgeport and nearl v the same distance N . by W. of New Haven. The site of the city WATEEBURY. 947 WATERLOO. Is an elevated plateau between the Marl and Naugatnek Rs., the residences extending up the slopes to the E. and N. The streets di- verge from a central green or park, and great neatness is secured by almost perfect separa- tion of the manufacturing and i-esidential portions. Here are some fine school build- ings and churches, a beautiful city hall and the Bronson Library, with 30,000 volumes. The city is in the midst of fine water-power, and owes its prominence to its manufacturing Interests, involving a capital of nearly $10,- 000,000. 7hey embrace wire-works, button factories, clock factories, and such products as traps, hooks and eyes, hoop-skirts, kero- sene fixtures, G-erman-silver ware, steel rolls, pins, suspenders, flasks, caps, etc. Pop. in 18:50, 3,071 : in 18-10, 3,678 ; in IWO, lO.OOt ; in 1870, 10,82«, of wnom 6,933 were natives of the United States and 3,893 foreign born. Three news- T)apers. Waterbury, p. v. in Anne Arundel co., Md., on the Annapolis & Elk Ridge R. R., 9 mis. N. "W. of Annapolis. Waterbury, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., 2.<;:i:i. *Waterbnry, p. v. in the above tn., near Onion R. and on the Central Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 9 mis. N. \V. of Mont- pelier. Has manufactories of willow ware. Waterbnry Centre, p. v. in Washington co., Vt.. i mis. N. N. E. of Waterbury. ■Water Creeh, p. o. in Searcy co., Ark. Water Cnre, p. v. in Be.aver Co., Pa., on the Ohio R., 2 mis. E. by S. of Beaver. Wateree River, a bniiwjh of the San tee R.; rises under the name of Catawba R. in Mc- Dowell CO., N. C; flows first to the E. and then to the S. through the northern part of S. C, where it loins the Congaree R. at the S. E. extremity of Chester district to form the San tee. Wateree, v. in Richland district, S. C, on Wateree R. and on the Wilmington, Columbia & Augusta R. R., at S. terminus of Camden Branch of South Carolina R. R., 34 mis. S. E. of Columbia. Waterforcl, p. o. in Stanislaus co., Cal. Waterford, tn. in New London co.. Conn. Pop., '2,482. "Waterforcl, p. v. in the above tn., on Shore Line Division of New York, New Haven & Hartfoi'd R. R., at crossing of New Lonrlon Northern R. R. and on an arm of Long Island Sound, 3 mis. W. of New London. A place of eonsidi^rable trade. W^aterford, tn. in Fulton CO., 111. Pop., 4.54. Waterford, v. in La Porte co.. Ind., on the Indianapolis, Peru & Chicago R. R., 4 mis. S. E. of Michigan City. Pop. about 2^0. Waterford, tn. in Clinton co., Iowa. Pop., 1,160. Waterford, p. o. in Spencer co., Ky. Waterford, tn. in Oxford co.. Me. Pop., 1,286. Waterford, p. v. in the above tn., ISmls. W. by S. of South Paris. Waterford, v. in Worcester co., Mass., near WoonsockPt, R. I.; is the S. W. terminus of ]\niford & Woonsocket R. R. Waterford, tn. in Oakland co., Mich. Pop., 1.3I1-2. Waterford, p. v. in the above tn., on the De- troit & Milwaukee R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Pon- tiac. Waterford, v. in Wayne co., Mich., on Flint & Pere .Marquette R. R"., 2 mis. N. of Plymouth. Pop. about 350. Waterford, tn. in Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 331. Waterford, p. o. in the above tn. Waterford, p. v. in Marshall co.. Miss., on the Mississippi Central R. R., 9 mis. S. of Holly Sprin-JTS. Pop., 40. Waterford, tn. in Camden co., N. J. Pop., 2.071. Waterbnry, v. in the above tn. (See Water- ford Works.) Waterford, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop- 3.631. *Waterford, p. v. in the above tn.. on Hud- son R., near the mouth of the Mohawk R., and on the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 4 mis. N. of Troy. Has important manufacturing interests. Pop., 3,071. One newspaper. Waterford, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop., 2,046. Waterford, p. v. in tlie above tn., on the Mu3- kmgum R.. 1.5 mis. N. W. of Marietta and 13]4 mis. N. of Vincent. Waterford. tn. in Erie co., Pa. Pop., 1,884. *Waterford, p. borough in the above tn., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 17 mis. S. bv E. of Erie. Pop., 790. Waterford, tn. in Caledonia CO., Vt. Pop., 879. Waterford, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. S. E. of St. Johnsbury. *Waterford, p. v. in Loudoun co., Va., 8 mis. S. W. of Point of Rocks, Md. Pop.. 419. Waterford, tn. in Racine co.. Wis. Pop., 1,.580. W^aterford, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. E. of Burlington. Pop., 545. Waterford 9Iills, p. v. in Elkhart co., Ind., on the Cincinnati, Wabash & Michigan R. R., 4 mis. S. of Goshen. W^aterford WorUs, p. v. in Camden co., N. J., on the Camden & Atlantic R. R., 23 mis. S. B. of Philadelphia. Water L.ick. p. v. in Warren co., Va., on the M;inassas Division of the Washington City, Virginia Midland & Great Southern R. R., 6 mis. W. by N. of Front Royal. Pop. about 50. Waterloo, p. o. in Lauderdale CO., Ala. W^aterloo, p. o. in San Joaquin co., Cal. *Waterloo, p. v. and the co. seat of Monroo CO.. 111., on Cairo & St. Louis R. R., 18 mis. S. S. W. of Belleville and 24 mis. S. of E. St. Louis, It is surrounded by a fine agricultural coun- try and has an active produce trade. Pop., 1.537. Three newspapers. ♦Waterloo, p. v. in Do Kalb CO., Ind., on Cedar Cr. and at crossing of the Air Line Division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. and the Fort Wayne, Jackson & Saginaw R. R., 5 mis. N. of Auburn, the co. seat. Princi- pal mart for a large agricultural region. A very large merchant grist mill is located here. Pop., 1,259. One newspaper. Waterloo, tn. in Fayette co., Ind. Pop., 671. Waterloo, v. in the "above tn., 5 mis. from Con- nersville. Waterloo, tn. in Allamakee co., Iowa. Pop., 747. Waterloo, tn. in Black Hawk co., Iowa. Pop., 4.795. *Waterloo, city and co. seat of Black Hawk CO., Iowa, on both sides of Cedar R., which is here spanned by a beautiful bridge, and on the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R. and the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minneso- ta R. R., 93 mis. W. of Dubuque. The city is pleasantly located and is surrounded by one of the finest agricultural regions of the state, of which it is the center of trade. Its manu- facturing interests are varie0. f*'aterloo, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ohio. Waterloo, v. in Fairfleld co., Ohio, on Hock- inji; Canal near Winchester, whicli is the p. o. Pop., S.5. Waterloo, tn. in Athens co., Ohio. Pop., 1,69.5. Waterloo, p. v. in Juniata co.. Pa., on Tusca- rora Cr., 15 mis. E. S. E. of Mount Union on Pennsylvania R. R. Waterloo, v. in Venango co.. Pa., on Sandy Cr.. a few mis. W. of Franklin, the co. seat. Tlio p. o. is Polk. Waterloo, p. o. in Laurens district, S. C. Waterloo, p. o. in Fauquier CO., Va. Waterloo, tn. in Jefferson co., Wis. Pop., l.slS. *Waterloo, p. v. in the above tn., on tlie Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R., 24 mis. E. of Madison. Has manufactories and a large produce trade. Pop., 7'27. One newspaper. Waterloo, tn. in Grant co.. Wis. Pop., 951. Waterloo Slills, p. o. in Orange CO., N. Y. Waterman, p. o. in Parke co., Ind. Waterman, p. o. in Wright co., Iowa. Waterman's Mills, p. o. in Stephenson co., 111. Waterman's Station, p. v. in De Kalb co., 111., on Cliicago & Iowa R. R., 5 mis. E. of Slialibona. Pop. about 100. Water Mill, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., on the Sag Harbor liranch of the Long Island R. R., 7 nils. S. W. of Sag Harbor. Waterport, p. v. in Orleans co., N. Y., 7 mis. N. by W. of Albion. Water Proof, p. v. in Tensas parish. La., on the Mississippi R., 10 mis. S. W. of St. Joseph's, the eo. seat. Waterside, p. v. in Bedford co.. Pa., on Yel- low Cr., 13 mis. N. W. of Hopewell. Water Street, v. in Morris co., N. J., 5 mis. W. of Morristown. Tlie p. o. is Brookside. Water Street, p. v. in Huntingdon co.. Pa., 8 nils. W. bv N. of Petersburgh Station. Watersviile, p. v. in Carroll co., Md., on the Baltimore & Oliio R. R., 2»4 mis. E. of Mt. Airy. Watertown, tn. in Litchfield co.. Conn. Pop., l,i;'.ts. Watertown, p. v. in the above tn., on the Naugatuck R., at N. W. terminus of Water- town Branch of Naugatuck R. R., 5 mis. N. W. of Waterbury. Has extensive manufactories of sowing silic, etc. ■Watertown, p. o. in Rock Island co., IlL Watertown, p. o. in Floyd co., Iowa. "*Vatertown, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 4:.i-ir,. •Watertown, p. v. in the above tn., on Charles K. and on the Watertown Branch of the Fitch- burgh R. R., 7 mis. W. of Boston. Location of a United States arsenal and seat of an active trade, tlie river being navigable to this place for vessels of six feet draught. ■Watertown, tn. in Tuscola co., Mich. Pop., (■.v4. Watertown, p. o. in the above tn. ^ Watertown, tn. in Clinton co., Mich. Pop., 1,297. Watertown, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. P05., 49. Watertown, tn. in Carver CO., Minn. Pop- 1,241. Watertown, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. S. by W . of Delano. Watertown, tn. in Jeflferson co., N. Y. Pop., 1.373. ♦Watertown, city, and co. seat of Jefferson CO., N. Y., on the S. side of Black R., a few mis. ft-om its entrance into Black River B. of Lake Ontario and on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgli R. R., at S. E. terminus of branch to Cape Vincent and also on the Utica & Black River R. R.. 72 mis. N. bv W. of Rome and 70 nils. S. by W. of Ogderisburgh. The river, which is here sixty yards wide, is crossed by a fine wire aiiil several other liridges. In passing the city it falls twenty- four feet and continues in rapids for nils, below, affording practically inexhaustible water-power, which is largely employed by manufactories of woollen goods, paper, flour, machinery, iron utensils, farming imple- ments, leather and lumber. The city con- tains three national banks, a fine court house, other public buildings, and several fine churches. It was laid out in 1805, and had, in lt>10, a population of 5,027 ; in 18.50, 7,20] : in 1860, 7,.5f)7. In 1809 it was separated from the dis- tricts of Pamelia & Watertown, and in 1870 had a population of 9,33ti, of whom (5,707 were natives of the United States and 2,9(59 foreign born. Five newspapers. Watertown, tn. in AVashinslou co., Ohio. Pop., 1,4.5(5. Watertown, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Vincent's on the Cincinnati & Marietta R. R. Pop., 181. Watertown, p. v. in Wilson co., Tenn., 12 mis. from Lebanon, the co. seat. Watertown, tn. in Grant CO., Wis. Pop., 580. Watertown, tn. in Jeil'ei"son co., Wis. Pop., *Watertown, city in Jefferson co., Wis., on Rock R. near Watertown Junction, which is the crossing of the La Crosse Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. and the Wisconsin Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., and E. terminus of the Madison Branch of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 42 mis. W. by N. of Milwaukee and 39 mis. N. by E. of Jancsville. It is the center of trade for pop- ulous and enterprising surroundings, and employs the bountiful water-power of tlie river in varied manufactures. The city is divided into seven wards, the 5th and (ith of which constitute the city of Watertown, in Dotlge CO., with a population of 2,18(5. The remaining wards have a population of 5,3(54, making a total for the entire city of 7,5.50,3,967 of whom are natives of the United States and 3,9(57 of foreign countries. The population in 1S()0 was 5,302; in 1850, 1,451. One newspaper. Watervale, p. o. in Onondaga co., N. Y. Water 'Valley, p. o. in Randolph co.. Ark. Water Valley, p. v. in Graves co., Ky., 1]4 nile. E. of Morse on the Paducah & Memphis R. R., 18 mis. S. by W. of Mayfleld, the co. scat. *Water 'Valley, p. v. in Yalabusha co., Miss., on the Mississippi Central R. R., 118 mis. N. of .Jackson and 28 mis. N. by E. of Grenada. (No census returns.) One newspaper • " • i., N.Y., S. E. of Hamburgh Station. Water Valley, p. v. in Erie co., 4>^ mis. Water Villag'e, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. Waterville, p. v. in New Haven co.. Conn., on the Providence, Hartford & Fishkill R. R. and the Naugatuck R. R., 3 nils. N. of Water- bury. Noted for its manufacture of pocket cutlery. Pop., 426. Waterville, p. v. in Allamakee co., Iowa, 13 mis. N. of McGregor. Waterville, tn. in Marshall co., Kans. Pop., 1,.584. * Waterville, p. v. in the above tn., near Little WATERVILLE. 949 WAUHATCHIE. Blue R., at present Vf. terminus of Central Branch of Union Pacific R. R., 100 mis. W. of Atchison and 5 mis. W. of Blue Rapids. Pop. aV)out 0(10. One newspaper. Watcrville, tn. in Kennebec CO., Me. Pop., 4.852. ♦WaterviHe, p. v. in the above tn., on the rigiit bank of the Kennebec R. at intersection of the Maine Central R. R. and Lewiston Di- vision of same, 18 mis. N. of Augusta. The Ticonic Falls, 18 feet in height, here furnish line water-power, as do other falls in the neighborhood, which are utilized in the manu- facture of edge tools, cars, machinery, cast- ings, agricultural implements, etc. During high water steamers ply between Waterville and Augusta. It is the seat of Waterville College (Baptist) and Liberal Institute (Uni- versalisl). The v. is also known by the name of Ticonic. One newspaper. Waterville, tn. in Le Sueur co., Minn. Pop., 7!1S. Waterville, p. v. in the above tn.,17nils. S. W. of Faribault. Waterville, tn. in Grafton co., N. H. Pop., 33. * Waterville, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Utica Division of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 21 mis. S. S. W. of Utica. Pop., 1,182. One newspaper. "Waterville, tn. in Lucas CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,609. Waterville, p. v. in the above tn., on Maumee R. and the Wabash & Erie Canal, 17 mis. S. W. of Toledo. Waterville, p. o. in Lycoming co., Pa. "W^aterville, v. in Delaware co.. Pa., a few mis. X. X. E. of Chester. Waterville, p. o. in "\Yliarton co., Tex. Waterville, tn. in Lamoille co., Vt. Pop., 573. Waterville, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. E. of Georgia Station on the Vermont Central R. R. Waterville, tn. in Pepin co.. Wis. Pop., 83.5. Waterville, p. v. in Waukesha co., Wis., 8 mis. S. by E. of Oconomowoc. Watervliet, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., I,1 . W. on the Cumberland R., whose tributaries intersect and drain it, as Buffalo R. and others. The surface is roll- ing and is greatly diversifled by the deep valleys of the water-courses. The soil is mod- erately productive. The co. has extensive beds of coal and iron ores. Monticello is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 44,255 bush.; rye, 986 bush.; Indian-corn, 414,607 bush.; oats, 79,902 bush.; Irish pot's, 24,228 bush.; sweet pot's, 14,787 bush.; butter, 214,086 lbs.; hay, 701 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,- 198,460. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $587,683. Value of manufactures, $149,166. "Wayne, tn. in Kennebec co., Me. Pop., 938. "Wayne, p. v. in the above tn., 3>< mis. E. of North Leeds and 6 mis. N. W. of Winthrop. "Wayne, co. in Mich., S. E. part. Area, 625 sq. mis. Pop., 119,038 ; in 1860, 75,.547. The surface is generally level and exceedingly fertile. It is bounded on the E. by the Detroit R. and Lake St. Clair and on the S. E. by Lake Erie, and drained by tributaries of this lake and by Huron R., which flows through the S."W. part. The CO. is intersected by the various railroad lines centering at Detroit, the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 239,.')01 bush.; rye, 11,194 bush.; Indian-corn, 413,284 bush.; oats, 477,321 bush.; Irish pot's, 440,.569 bush.; wool, 204,543 lbs.; butter, 891,305 lbs.: hay, 57,367 tons. Cash value of farms, $17,086,185. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $3,033,019. "Value of manufactures, $26,217,685. "Wayne, tn. in Cass co., Mich. Pop., 999. ♦Wayne, p. v. in Wayne co., Mich., on the Michigan Central R. R., at ci'ossing of the Flint & Pere Marquette; R. R., 26 mis. N. of Monroe and 18 mis. W. of Detroit. Pop. 833. "Wayne, co. in Miss., S. E. part. Area abou'l 670 sq. mis. Pop., 4,206 ; in 1860, 3,691. It bor. ders on Ala., and is intersected by Chickasa- wha R. and Buckatuna Cr., which unite near its southern bountlary. The surface is gen- erally level and the soil sandy and but uiod- erate'ly productive. The Mobile & Ohio R. R. passes through the co. Waynesborough is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian- corn, 46,819 bush.; oats, 183 bush.; Irish pot's, 295 bush.; sweet pot's, 12.947 bush.; cotton, 740 bales ; butter, 580 lbs. Cash value of farms, $123,.523. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $118,834. Value of manufactures, $10,800. Wayne, co. in Mo., S. E. part. Pop., 6,068; in 1860, 5,629. Black R. drains the western part of the CO., St. Francis R. the central. The surface is broken and well -timbered. The soil of the valleys is very productive. There are large deposits of coioper. iron and lead in the eo. The Arkansas Branch of the St. Louis , & Iron Mountain R. R. passes through from N. to S. Greenville is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 23,819 bush.; rye, 1,272 bush.; Indian-corn, 293,569 bush.; oats, 31,121 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,380 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,739 bush.; tobacco, 47,054 lbs.; butter, 54,309 lbs.; hay, 382 tons. Cash value of farms, $735,- 177. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., $436,209. Value of manufactures, $.t.',732. "Wayne, tn. in Buchanan eo.. Mo. Pop., 803. "Wayne, tn. in Bollinger eo., Mo. Pop., 630. "Wayne, co. in Nebr., N. E. part. Area, 408 sq. mis. Pop., 182. The surface is rolling or un- dulating, and consists mostly of productive prairies. The co. is drained by affluents of the Elkhorn R. Taffo is the co. seat. Wayne, tn. iu Passaic co., N. J. Pop., 1,.521. Wayne, co. in N. Y., N. part. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop,, 47,710 ; in 1S60, 47,762. It borders in the N. on Lake Ontario, and is drained by the Clyde R., with Mud R. and the outlet of Canandaigua Lake. The surface is vindulat- ing and the soil very productive. The co. has fine mineral resources, as iron ore, water- lime, gypsum and salt springs. The New York Central R. R. and the Lake Ontario Shore R. R. intersect the co. from E. to W. Lyons is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 476,348 bush.; rye, 8,367 bush.; In- dian-corn, 635,309 bush.; oats, 924,719 bush.; Irish pot's, 429,791 bush.; sweet pot's, 40 bush.; wool, 299,907 lbs.; cheese, 136,186 lbs.; butter, 1,615,325 lbs.; haj% 63,616 tons. Cash value of farms, $27,020,485. Total, estimated, value of all farm proake in the W., and is intersected by the Wt^ber R. The surface is rough and broken, and the soil along the water-courses productive. The Union Pacific R. R. passes through the co. from S. to N. Ogden City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 53,272 bush.: In- dian-corn, 8,478 bush.; oats, 1,8.30 Inish.; Irish pot's, 15,607 bush.; butter, 12,760 lbs.; liav, 104 tons. Cash value of farms, $264,903. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro(luctions,.in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $199,925. Val- ue of manufactures, $94,350. Weber, v. in Morgan co., Utah, on Weber R. and on Union Pacific R. R., opposite Morgan City, of which it is the station; 25 mis. E. of Ogden. Pop. about 700. Weber River, in Utah Ter., rises in the AVali- WEBERTOWN. 955 WEBSTEE. satcb Mts. of Summit co., flows N. W. through Moi'gan and Weber cos., and empties into Great Salt Lake. Its upper course traverses a grand canyon. Tlie Union Pacific R. R. fol- lows tlie stream in Morgan co. The affluents are Echo Cr., Lost Cr., Ogden R. and East Canyon Cr. Webertown, p. o. in Highland CO., Ohio. Webster, co. in Ga., W. part. Area, 234 sq. mis. Pop., 4,677 ; in 1860, 5,030. The Kincha- foonec Or., which flows through the CO., forms part of the northern boundary. The surface is low and slightly undulating ; the soil pro- ductive. Preston is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 1,421 bush.; rye, 28 bush.; Indian-corn, 86,810 bush.; oats, 150 bush.; Irish pot's, 397 bush.; sweet pot's, 11,04L bush.; cotton, 3,167 bales ; butter, 14,958 lbs. Cash value of farms, $283,975. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $437,397. Value of manu- factures, $13,920. "Webster, p. v. in Hancock co., 111., 5 mis., from La Crosse on Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw" R. R. Webster, tn. in Harrison co., Ind. Pop., 1,025. Webster, v. in Kosciusko co., Ind., 14 mis. N. E. of Warsaw. Pop., 87. The p. o. is Boyds- ton's Mills. Webster, p. o. in Wayne co., Ind. Webster, co., in Iowa, central part. Area, 576 scj. mis. Pop., 10,484 ; in 1860, 2,504. The sur- face is I'olling ; the soil excellent. The up- lands consist of prairies; the river-bottoms are well timbered. The co. is drained by the Des Moines R., and intersected by the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R. and the Des Moines Valley R. R. Port Dodge is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 155,290 bush.; rye, 20 bush.; Indian-corn, 301,176 bush.; oats, 98,762 bush.; Irish pot's, 25,523 bush.; wool, 8,829 lbs.; butter, 221,990 ll)s.; ha^', 23,378 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,852,565. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $664,- 032. Value of manufactures, $198,420. Webster, tn. in Hamilton co., Iowa. Pop., 811. Webster, p. v. in Keokuk co., Iowa, 8 mis. N. of Sigourney, the co. seat. W^ebster, tn. in Madison co., Iowa. Pop., 486. "Webster, tn. in Webster co., Iowa. Pop., 560. Webster, co. in Kv., N. W. part. Area about 370 sq. mis. Pop., l0,937; in 1860, 7,533. The sur- face is undulating and the soil productive. Green R. and its tributary Pond R. form the eastern tributary ; Tradewater R. the south- western. Dixon is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: Wheat, 39,771 bush.; rye, 347 bush.; Indian-corn, 221,332 bush.; oats, 21,765 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,602 bush.: sweet pot's, 7,310 bush.; tobacco, 3,511,649 lbs.; butter. 42,660 lbs.; hay, 1,079 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,075,452. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $630,474. Value of m.anufactures, $28,900. Webster, p. o. in Breckinridge co., Ky. Webster, new parish in La., N. W. part. Area, 560 sq. mis. It borders in the N. on Ark., and is intersected from N. to S. by the Dau- chute R., wliich empties into Lake Bistineau In tlie southern part of tbe parish. The sur- face is rolling and consists largely of prairies. Minden is the co. seat. Webster, tn. in Androscoggin co. Me. Pop., 939. Webster, p. o. in the above tn. Webster, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 4,763. ♦Webster, p. v. in Worcester, Mass., on Nor- wich ifc Worcester Division of New York & New England R. R., at crossing of line to Southbridgo, 16 mis. S. of AVorcester and Imle. S. of North Webster. It has mauufactoi'ies and one newspaper. "Webster, tn. in Houghton co., Mich. Poi>. 876. "Webster, v. in Ontonagon co., Mich. Pop., 340 in 1860 ; none in 1870. Webster, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 974. Webster, p. o. in the above tn. "Webster, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., 414. Webster, p. v. In Winston co.. Miss., 9 mis. N. N. E. of Louisville, the co. seat. Webster, CO. in Mo., S. W. part. Pop., 10,434; in 1860, 7,099. The surface is rugged or broken, and naostly heavily timbered. The soil of the valleys, and of portions of the uplands, is ex- cellent. The rivers draining the co. are tri- butaries of the Osage and Gasconade Rs. or of White R. The Atlantic & Pacific R. R. passes through the co. Marshfleld is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 73,.581 bush.; rye, 1,279 bush.; Indian-corn, 288,918 bush.; oats, 76,568 bush.; Irish pot's, 77,872 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,241 bush.; tobacco, 143,162 lbs.; buttei-, 97,705 ll>s.; hay, 1,746 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,261,832. Total, estimate<:l, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $575,960. Value of manufactures, $192,690. Webster, p. o. in Oregon co., Mo., 3 mis. S. of Alton, the co. seat. Webster, v. in Washington CO., Mo., a few mis. W. of Hopewell on St. Louis & Iron Mountain U.K. Webster, v. in St. Louis co., Mo. (See Web- ster Groves.) Webster, CO. in Nebr., S. part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 16. The co. borders in the S. on Kans.; has an undulating surface, consisting chieflv of fertile prairies, and is intersected from 'W. to E. by the Republican R. Red Cloud is the co. seat. Webster, p. o. in Dodge co., Nebr. Webster, tn. in Merrimack co., N. H. Pop., 689. Webster, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. W. of Boscawen on New Hampshire Northern R. R. "Webster, tn. in Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 2,749. Webster, p. v. in the al)ove tn., 15 mis. N. E. of Rochester. Pop., 291. Webster, p. v. and the co. seat of Jackson co., N. C, in a beautiful valley, on the Tnckaseege R. and 60 mis. W. by S. of Asheville. Pop., inclusive of district, 1,407. Webster, p. v. in Darke co., Ohio, 3 mis. S. of Versailles. "Webster, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 922. Webster, v. in Scioto co., Ohio, near the Ports- mouth Branch of Marietta & Cincinnati R. R. Tlie station and p. o. is Iron Furnace. Webster, p. v. in Westmoreland co., Pa., on the Monongahela R., 6 mis. W. by S. of West Newton on Pittsburgh, Washington & Balti- more R. R. Webster, p. o. in Roane co., Tenn. Webster, co. in W. Va., E. central part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 1,730; in 1860, 1,555. The surface is broken and greatly diversified by hilly ranges. The soil is moderately pro- ductive. Gauley and Elk Rs., with numerous afliuents, drain the co. Addison, or Webster Court House, is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 1,196 bush.; rye, 866 bush.; Indian-corn, 21,075 bush.; oats, 4,689 bush.; Irish pot's, 2,340 bush.; sweet pot's, 26 bush.; butter, 14,563 lbs. ; hay, 504 tons. Cash value of farms, $151,720. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $53,079. Value of manufactures, $6,734. Webster, tn. in Marshall co., W. Va. Pop., 1,143. W^ebster, tn. in Taylor CO., W. Va. Pop., 955. Webster, p. v. in the above tn.. on the Park- ersburgh Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio B R., 4 mis. W. of Grafton. Webster, tn. in Vernon co., Wis. Pop., 812. WEBSTER CITY. WELLFLEET. *Webster City, p. v. and the co. seat of Ham- ilton CO., Iowa, on Boone R. and on the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central K. II., 40 mis. N. of Des Moines and 172 mis. W. of Dubuque. It has coal mines and Is surrounded by a line agricultural region. Top., 1,339. Two news- papers, Webster Court Honse, p. v. and the co. seat of Webster co., W. Va., on a fork of Elk R., So mis. S. of Clarksburgh on Ualtimore & Ohio R.R. Webster Grove^it. p. o. in the v. of Webster in St. Louis CO., Mo., on the Atlantic & Paciflc K. R., 10 nils. \V. of St. Lonis. An important grape market and seat of a thriving local trade. Pop. of v. about 1,200. Webster Place, p. o. in Klbert co., Ga. ■Webster's Corners, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Webster's Crossing', p. o. in Livingston co., N. Y. "Webster's Mills, p. o. in Fulton co.. Pa. Wedsefield, \i. o. in Sumter district, S. C. Wedowee, tn. in Randolph co., Ala. Pop., l,7iU. Wedowee, p. v. and the co. seat of Randolph CO., Ala., near Little Tallapoosa R., 40 mis. S. by E. of .Jacksonville and .50 mis. N. of Opeli- ka. Pop., 130. One newspaper. Wedron, p. o. in La Salle co., III. *Weedsi>ort, p. v. in Cayuga co., N. Y., on the New York Central R. It., at crossing of the Southern Central R. R. and on Erie Canal, 10 nds. N. of Auburn. Has important manufac- turing interests and a large local trade. Pop., 1.3S4. One newsp.aper. Weedville, )). o. Elk co., Pa. WeeliawUen, tn. in Hudson co., N. J. Pop., bOl. Weehawken, p. v. in the above tn., on the W. bank of Hudson R.,3!/^mls. N. of Hoboken. Week's Mills, p. v. in Kennebec CO., Me., 12 mis. E. by N. of Augusta. Weelannee, p. o. in Jefferson co., Fla. Weelaunee, p. v. in Winnebago co., "Wis., 12 mis. S. \V. of Oshkosh, the co. seat. ♦Weeping' Water, p. v. in Cass co., Nebr., 20 mis. S. W. of Plattsmouth, the co. seat. Weesateb, p. o. iu Goliad CO., Tex. Weesaw, tn. in Berrien co., Mich. Pop., 1,243. Weewokaville, j). o. in Talladega co., Ala. Wegatcliie, p. v. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 9U mis. N. of Antwerp on Rome, Watertowu & "Ogdensburgh R. R. Pop., 201. W^egdal, p. o. in Chippewa co.. Jlinn. Wegee, p. o. in Belmont co., Ohio. "Wehog'a, p. o. in Clebiirne eo., Ala. Wegefarth, new co. in Tex., N. part. Area, 3,000 .sq. mis. It is bounded on the S. by the Prairie Dogtown Fork of Red R. and drained by numerous branches of this stream. The W. part of the co. Is hilly ; the remainder consists of undulating prairies. W^eidasville, p. o. in Lehigh eo.. Pa. "Weill, tn. in Marathon eo., Wis. Pop., 109. Weir's Bridge, p. o. in the v. of Weir's, m Belknap co., N. H., on Lake Winnepisseogee and on Boston, Concord & Montreal R. R., 33 mis. N. of Concord. Excursion steamers con- nect this point with other places of interest on the lake. Weisburgh, p. v. in Dearborn co., Ind., on the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 17 mis. N. W. of Lawrenceburgh, the co. scat. Pop. about 100. Weisenburgh, tn. in Lehigh co., Pa. Pop., 1,044. Weisenburgh, p. o. in the above tn. "Weiser, p. o. in Ada eo., Idaho Ter. WeisesburgJi, p. o. in Baltimore co., Md. "Weisliaiiiple, ]). o. in Seluiylkill co.. Pa. Weissport, )i. borough in Carbon CO., Pa., on the Lehifih U., the Lehigh Navigation Canal and the Lehigh & Susquehanna Division of the Central R R. of New Jersey, 4 mis. S. E. of Mauch Chunk. Pop., 359. Weister, p. o. in "Vernon co., "Wis. Wekiva, p. o. in Orange co., Fla. Welaka, p. v. in Putnam co., Fla., on St. John's R., 10 mis. S. of Pilatka, the eo. seat. Welborn, tn. in Conway co.. Ark. Pop., 1,275. Welch, tn. iu Cape Girardeau co., Mo. Pop., Welch, p. o. in Monroe eo.. Mo. "Welch Olade, p. o. in Webster co., ■W."V'a. Welche's Bridge, p. o. in Tangipahoa parish, La. Welch's Creek, p. o. in Butler co., KJ^ Welchvllle, p. v. in Oxford co.. Me., 1 mie. S. of Oxford Station on Grand Trunk R. R., i mis. W. of Mechanic'sFalls. "Weleonte, p. o. in St. James parish. La. Welcome, p. o. in Austin co., Tex. Weld, CO. in Colo. Ter., forming its X. E. ex- tremity. Pop., 1,&'). It extends from the Rocky Mts. in the W. to the eastern buun- darj' of the territorj', and is intersected from W. to E. by the South Platte R., which re- ceives numerous affluents within its area. The surface consists chiefly of plains covered with bulfalo aiid other grasses, and is well adapted to stock raising. Farming is profita- ble wherever irrigation can be applied. The railroad from Denver to Cheyenne intersects the CO. from N. to S. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 8,307 bush.; rye, 1,960 bush.; Indian- corn, 9,5.30 bush.; oats, 24,207 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,005 bush.; butter, 58,043 lbs.; hay, 4,553 tons. Cash value of farms, .$378,.580. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm proiluctions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $146,671. Value of manufactures, $4,100. "Weld, tn. in Franklin co.. Me. Pop.. 1,130. Weld, p. V. in the above tn., 13 mis. W. of Wil- ton Station on Androscoggin Division of the Eastern & Miiiue Central R. R. It is located amid flue lake and mountain scenery. Welda, V. in Anderson co., Kans., on Leaven- worth, Lawrence & Galveston R. R., 6 mis. S. of Garnet, the eo. seat. Pop. about 50. Weldon, p. o. in Kern co., Cal. Weldon, tn. in Benzie co., Mich. Pop., 74. Weldon, p. o. in Redwood co., Minn. Weldon, p. o. in Maries co., Mo. *Weldon, 1). V. iu Halifax co., N. C, on Roa- noke R., at N. terminus of Wilmington & Weldon R. R., N. E. terminus of Raleigh & Gaston R. R., S. AV. terminus of Seaboard & Roanoke R. R. and S. terminus of Petersburgh & Weldon R. R., 162 mis. N. of Wilmington, and 63 S. of Petersburgh, Va., and 95 N. E. of Raleigh. The river is navigable to this point. It has rare commercial facilities by rail and water, anil the water-i^ower of the river will, when utilized, be very valuable. Pop., 208. One newspaper. Weldon, p. o. in Houston co., Tex. Weld's Ferry, v. in Dubuque co., Iowa, on Mississippi R., 12 mis. N. of Dubuque. Wellborn, v. in Colfee co., Ala. "Wellborn, p. o. in Arkansas co., Ark. Wellborn, \). v. in Suwannee co., Fla., on the Jacksonville^ Pensaeola & Mobile R. li., 12 nils. W. N. W. of Lake City. Wellborn, \i. v. iu Brazos co., Tex., on Hou. Flemington Branch of the Delaware & Belvidcre R. R. Wescosville, p. v. in Lehigh co.. Pa., 5 mis. S. W. of AUentown. W^esley, p. o. in Washington eo., Ark. "*Ve«ilcy, tn. in Will co.. 111. Pop., <)>4. Wesley, p. o. in Montgomery eo., Ind. Wesley, v. in Kossuth co., Iowa. (See Wesley Station.) Wesley, p. o. in Hickman co., Ky. ■*Vosley, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 336. Wesley, p. o. in the above tn. Wesley, tn. in Washington co., Ohio. Pop., 1.4.50. "Wesley, p. o. in the above tn. Wesley, p. o. in Venango co.. Pa. Wesley, v. in Haywood co., Tenn., on Big Hatch ie R., 12 nils. S. W. of Brownsville, the CO. scat. Wesley, p. v. in Austin CO., Tex.. IS mis. S. S. W. of Breiduim on the Houston & Texas Cen- tral R. R. Wesley City, v. in Tazewell co., 111., on the Illinois R. al)ove Pekin. Wesley Station, p. v. in Kossuth co., Iowa, on the Iowa & Dakota Division of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., H mis. E. of Al- gona. Wesley ville, p. v. in Erie co.. Pa., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 4 mis. S. E. of Erie. Pop. about 50. Wesobnl^a, p. o. in Clay co., Ala. Wesson, p. v. in Copiah "co.. Miss., on the New Orleans, .Jackson & Great Northern R. R., 45 mis. S. of .Jackson. Pop., i(U. West, tn. in Effingham co., 111. Pop., 859. West, tn. in McLean co., 111. Pop., 941. West, tn. in Marshall co., Ind. Pop., 1,489. AVest, tn. in ^Montgomery co., Iowa. Pop., 432. West, v. in Holmes co.. Miss., on the Missi.s- sippi Central R. B., 43 mis. S. of Grenada. I'op. about 300. West, tn. in Columbiana co., Ohio. Pop., l,S9(i. West, tn. in Huntingdon co.. Pa. Poi)., 1,367. West, p. o. in Wetzel co., W. Va. West Acton, p. v. in Middlesex CO., Mass., on the Fitchburgh R. R., 17 mis. N. W. of Wal- tham. West Addison, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. West Addison, p. o. in Addison co., Vt. West Albany, p. o. in Fayette co., Iowa. West Albany, tn. in Wabashaw co., Minn. PoiL, 793. West Albany, p. o. in the above tn. West Albany, p. v. in Albany CO., N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 3>4 mis. N. W. of AUiany. West Alden, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. West Ale-xander, p. v. in Washington co.. Pa., on the Hempfleld R. R., 17 mis. S. AV. of Washington and 15 mis. N. E. of Wheeling. West Alexandria, p. v. in Preble co., Ohio, ('< mis. E. of Eaton, the co. seat. Pop., 455. West Almond, tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 799. West Almond, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. W. of Almond on the Atlantic & Great West- ern R. R. West Alton, p. o. in Bellcnap co., N. H. West Amboy, p. v. in Oswego co., N. Y., 8 mis. W. of \Villiamstown on the Rome, Water- town & Ogdensburgh R. R. West Amesbury, ii. v. in Essex co., Mass., at S. E. terminus of West Amesburv Branch of Boston & iNIaine R. R., 43^ mis. S. E. of the iunction .at Newton. West Amwell, tn. in Hunterdon co., N. J. Pop., 4,872. West Andovcr, p. v. in IMerrimaek co., N. H., on th(! Northern New Hampshire R. R., 3 mis. W. of Andover. West Andover, p. v. in Ashtabula co., Ohio, 7 mis, W. of Espyville, Pa., on Erie & Pitts- burgh R. R. West A]>pleton, p. o. in Knox co.. Me. West Arlins'ton, p. v. in Bennington co., Vt.. 3^4 mis. N. W. of Arlington on Bennington & Rutland R. R. West .'Vstier, p. o. in Mitchell co., Kans. West Ash lord, p. v. in Windham co., Conn., T mis. N. E. of Mansfield Depot. West Athens, p. o. in Somerset co.. Me. West Anbnrn, p. v. in Androscoggin co., Me., 5V, nils. X. W. of Auburn. West Anbnrn. p. v. in Susquehanna co.. Pa., 10 mis. N. E. of Wvalusing on Pennsylvania it New York Canal and R. R. Co's. Line. West Austintowii, p. o. in Mahoning co., Ohio. W^est Avon. p. o. in Hartford co.. Conn. West Itaden, p. v. in Orange CO., Ind., 10 mis. W. of Paoli, th(! CO. seat. West llaldwin, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., on the Portland A Ogdensburgh R. R. and tho Saco K., -.iVA mis. N. W. of PortUuuI. West Baltimore, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ohio, on th(! Davton & Union R. R., 19 mis. N. \V. of Dayton. Pop., ()9. West Baii^ror, p. v. in Franklin co., N. Y., 4 mis. S. S. W. of Bangor Station on Ogdens- WEST BANGOR. 959 WEST BROOKFIELD. burgh & Champlain Brancli of Vermont Cen- tral R. R. West Bangror, p. o. in tlie v. of Bangor, In York CO., Pa., 30 mis. S. E. of York, the co. seat. Has large in terests in the quarrying of slate. Pop. about 300. West Bariiet, p. v. in Caledonia co., Vt., 5 mis. N. W. of Barnet on Connecticut & Pa- sumpsie Rivers R. R. West Barnstable, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the Cape Cod R. R., S% mis. W. of Barnstable, the co. seat. West Barre, p. o. in the v. of Jackson Corners, in Orleans co., N. Y., S]^ mis. S. of Albion, the CO. seat. West Batavia, p. o. in the v. of Croft's, in Genesee co., N. Y., on the New York Central R. R., 5)4 mis. W. S. W. of Batavia. West Batb, tn. in Sagadahock co.. Me. Pop., 273. West Baton Rong'e, parish in La., S. central part. Pop., 5,1U ; in ISfJO, 7,312. Is bounded on the K. by the Mississippi ; on the W. by Bayou Grossetete. The surface is level and "in some places liable to inundation ; the soil is highly productive. West Baton Rouge is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 24,9.i5 bush.; Irish pot's, 315 bush.; sweet pot's, 875 bush.; suaar, 800 hhds.; cotton, 2,-t45 bales; butter, 400'lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,04r. of Lima, the co. seat. West Cain, tn. in Chester CO., Pa. Pop., 1,398. West Cainbriage, p. o. in Washington co., N. Y. West Camtlen, p. v. in Knox co., Me., 5 mis. N. of Hock laud, the co. seat. West Camden, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh R. R., "3 nils. N. W. of Rome. W^est t'an»i>, p. o. in Ulster co., K. Y. W^est Campbell, p. o. in Ionia co., Mich. West Campton, p. v. in Grafton co., N. H., 7 mis. N. of Plyniouthj the co. seat. West Canaaii, p. v. in Grafton co., N. H., on the Northern New Hampshire R. R., 17 mis. E. of White River Junction. West Canaan, p. o. in Madison co., Ohio. West Cauarta Creek, a tributary of the Mo- hawk R. in N. Y.; rises in Hamilton co., flows through Herkimer co. and empties near Her- kimer. West Candor, p. o. in Tioga co., N. Y. West Carlisle, p. v- in Coshocton co., Ohio, 14 nils. W. S. W. of Coshocton, theco. seat. Pop., 175. West Carrollton, p. o. in the v. of Carrollton, in Montgomery co., Ohio, on Cincinnati, Ham- ilton & Dayton R. R., 8 mis. S. of Dayton. WestCasco, p. v. in Allegan co., Mich., on the Lake Shore, ti mis. N, of Sontli Haven. ■West Castleton, p. o. in Rutlanil co., Vt. \%'est Charleston, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. ■West Charleston, p. o. in Miami co., Ohio. West Charleston, p. v. in Orleans co., Vt., 9 nils. S. 10. of Newport. West Charlotte, p. v. in Chittenden co., Vt., on the Hut land & Burlington R. R., 13 mis. S. of IJurlington. West Charlton, p. v. in Saratoga CO., N. Y., 13 mis. N. N. W. of Schenectady. West Chatham, p. v. in Barnstable CO., Mass., 7 mis K. of Harwich on Cape Cod R. R. West Chazy, p. v. in Clinton co., N. Y., on the Montreal &. Plattsburgli R. R., 10 mis. N. of Plattsburgh, the co. seat. West Cbebalem, p. o. in Yam Hill co., Greg. West Chelmsford, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Stony Brook Branch of Boston, Lowell & Nashau R. R., 5 mis. W. by S. of Lowell. West Chenango, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. West Cheshire, p. v. in New Haven co., Conn., the New Haven & Northampton R. R., 15 mis. N. of New Haven. In the vicinity are barytea mines and a military academy. West Chester, p. v. in New London co., Conn., 17 mis. W. of Yantic on New London Northern R. R. Westchester, p. v. in Jay co., Ind., 7 mis. N. E. of Portland, the co. seat. Westchester, tn. in Pointer co., Ind. Pop., 1,364. Westchester, p. o. in Washington co., Iowa. Westchester, co. in N. Y., S. K. part. Area about 500 sq. inls. Pop., 131,348 ; in I860, 99,497. It borders in tlie E. on Long Island Sound and Connecticut, and in the W. on the Hudson R. The surface is broken and in some parts rocky, the north-western portion being occupied by the highlands, which here abound in magnifl- cent scenery. The soil i.s very productive and carefully cultivated. The co. is drained by Croton,"Bi-onx and Harlem Rs., which afl'ord much water-power, and intersected by tho Hudson River R. R., the Harlem R. R. and the New Y'ork * New Haven R. R. Bedford and White Plains are the co. seats. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 23,757 bush.; rye, 31,457 bush.; Indian-corn, '2()3,'211 bush.; oats, 196,846 bush.; Irish pot's, 425,626 bush.; butter, 430,737 lbs.; hay, 66.551 tons. Casli value of farms, $36,861,800. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,332,680. Principal products of industry: Agricultural implements, $583,600; boots and shoes, $58.5,148; brick, $.s;u,3;W ; flour, $789,510 ; hats and caps, $1,202,124 ; forged and rolled iron, $1,626,000 ; iron castings, $1,074,200: stoves, $640,000; malt liquors, $955,814, and sewing sillc, $1,025,700. Total value of manu- factures, $1.5,828,372. West Chester, tn. in Westchest«r co., N. Y. Pop., 6.015. West Chester, p. v. in the above tn., on West- chester Cr., -21^ mis. E. of Eordhani. Mostly occupied by country residences of New York business men. One newspaper. West Chester, p. v. in Butler co., Ohio,16ml3. N. of Cincinnati. Pop., 257. West Chester, v. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio, 11 mis. S. E. of Port Washington on Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. Pop., 198. The p. o. is Peoli. *West Chester, p. borough and tlicco. seat of Chester co.. Pa., at W. terminus of West Chester R. R. and S. terminus of West Ches- ter Branch of Pennsylvania R. R., 22 mis. W. of Philadelphia. A "beautifully situated in- land town, with handsome private antl public buildings, schools and churches. Its sur- roundings are agricultural and its trade ex- cellent. Pop., 5,630 ; in 1860, 4,767; in 1850, 3,172. Pour newsiiapers. West Chesterfield, p. v. in Hampshire co., Ma^s., 9 mis. W. of Williamsburgh at N. ter- minus of New Haven & Northampton R. It. West Chesterfield, p. v. in Cheshire co., N. H., on E. bank of Connecticut R. and 5 mis. N. of Brattleborough, Vt., on Connecticut River R. R. West Claremont, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. H., near the Connecticut R. and Vermont Central R. R., 20 mis. N. of Bellows Falls. WcstClarksville, p. v. in Allegany co., N. Y., 7 mis. S. of Cuba on Erie R. R. West Cocalico, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 2,140. W^est Colesville, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. West Colnmbia, p. v. in Mason co., W. Va., on the Ohio R., a few mis. N. of Point Pleas- ant, the CO. seat. Pop., 778. WEST CONCORD. 961 WESTERVILLE. West Concord, v. in Middlesex co., Mass., near Concord, and at tlie intersection of the Boston, Clinton & Fitchburgh R. R. witli Framingham & l/owell Branch of same. West Concord, p. v. in Merrimack co., N. H., on the Concord & Claremont R. R., 3)4 mis. N. by W. of Concord. •West Concord, p. v. in Essex co., Vt., onW. bank of Moose 11. and at E. terminns of Ver- mont Division of Eastern & Maine Central R. R., 8 mis. E. of St. Johnsbury. The river af- fords fine water-power, which is employed by numerous grain and lumber mills and manu- factories of furniture, wooden-ware etc. West Concsville, p. o. in Schoharie co., N. Y. West Constable, p. o. in the v. of Westville, in Franklin co., N. Y., 12 mis. K. by W. of Ma- lone on Ogdensburgh & Champlain R. R. W^est Copake, p. o. in Columbia co., N. Y. West Corinna, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. West Corinth, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. West Corintta, p. v. in Orange CO., Vt., IS^^ mis. N. W. of Bradford on Connecticut* Pas- sumpsic Rivers R. R. West CornviHe, p. o. in Somerset co., Me. West Cornwall, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., on the Ilousatonic R. R., 12 mis. S. of Canaan. West Cornwall, p. V. in Addison co., Vt., 6 mis. S. W. of Middlebury, the co. seat. West Covington, p. o. in Tioga CO., Pa. W^est Creek, tn. in Lake co., Ind. Pop., 1,299. West Creek, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. S. S. W. of Crown Point, the co. seat. West Creek, p. o. in Republic co., Kans. West Creek, p. v. in Ocean co., N. J., on the Tuckerton R. R., 3 mis. N. of Tuckerton. West Cumberland, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., 4 mis. N. W. of West Falmouth and 12 mis. N. of Portland. Westdale, v. iu Delaware co., Pa. (See Oak- dale.) West Damascns, p. o. in Wayne co.. Pa. West Danby, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., on the Ithaca & Athens R. R., 10 mis. S. of Ithaca, the CO. seat. West nanvers, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., near the intersection of the Salem & Lowell Branch of the Boston & Lowell R. R. and the Newbury- port & Danvers R. R., 16 mis. N. of Boston. West Danville, p. v. in Caledonia co., Vt.,on Vermoni! Division of Eastern & Maine Cen- tral R. R., 10'/^ mis. W. of St. Johnsbury. West I>arien, p. o. in Fairfield co., Conn. West Davenport, p. v, in Delaware co., N.Y., 3 mis. E. by S. of Emmons' Station, on Albany & Susquehanna R. R. West Day, p. o. in the v. of Huntsville in Sa- ratoga CO., N. Y., 1314 mis. S. W. of Hadley on Adirondack R. R. West l»ay ton, p. V. in Webster co., Iowa, 23 mis. S. by E. of Fort Dodge, the co. seat. West Decatur, p. o. in the v. of Blue Ball in Clearfield co.. Pa., on the Tyrone & Clearfield Branch of the Pennsylvania R. R., U mis. S. E. of Clearfield, the co. seat. West Dedhani, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., 3 mis. S. W. of Dedham. West Deer, tn. in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 1,299. W^est Deering, p. o. in Hillsborough co., N. H. West Deer Isle, p. o. in Hancock co.. Me. West Dennis, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on Bass R., 2 mis. S. of South Dennis on Cape Cod R. R. West Depere, v. in Brown co.. Wis., on the Fox R., opposite Depere. Pop., 875. West Derby, p. v. in Orleans co., Vt., onLake Memphremagog, 1 mle. N. E. of Newport. West Donegal, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 1,136. W^est Dover, p. o. in Piscataquis co., Me. West Dover, p. v. in Windham CO., Vt., 22J4 mis. N. W. of Brattleborough. West Dresden, p. v. in Lincoln co., Me., on Kennebec R., opposite Richmond. 61 West Dryden, p. o. in Tompkins Co., N. Y. West Dublin, p. o. in Fulton co., Pa. West Dudley, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., 3 mis. S. E. of Southbridge. West Duiuinerston, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 7 mis. N. W. of Brattleborough. West Dnrtaam, p. v. in Androscoggin co., Me., 9 mis. N. of North Yamioutli Station oa Grand Trunk R. R. West Duxbnry, p. v. in Plymouth co., Mass., 6 mis. N. of Kingston on Plymouth Branch of Old Colony R. R. West £arl, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., 1,893. West Earl, p. o. in the v. of Brownstown, in Lancaster co.. Pa., 11 mis. N. E. of Lancaster. West £aton, p. v. in Madison co., N. Y., 3 mis. W. of Eaton Station on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R. West Eau Claire, tn. in Eau Claire co., Wis. Pop., 2,452. *West Eau Claire, p. v. in the above tru on the Chippewa R. and West Wisconsin B. R., opposite Eau Claire. It divides the lumber trade and general prosperity of the parent town. One newspaper. Westecunk, v. in Ocean co., N. J.; now West Creek. West Eden, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., 13 mis S. by E. of Ellsworth, the co. seat. ■West Edmeston, p. v. in Otsego co., N. T., 914 mis. S. of Bridgewatei". West Elizabeth, p. borough in Alleghany CO., Pa., on the Monongahela R. opposite Eliza- beth. Pop., 590. West Elkton, p. v. In Preble co., Ohio, IIJ4 mis. N. W. of Middletown on the Hamilton & Dayton R. R., and 5 mis. S. E. of Camden on the Cincinnati, Richmond & Chicago R. R. Pop., 1.56. West Ellsworth, p. o. in Hancock co.. Me. West Ely, p. o. in Marion co.. Mo. W^est Embden, p. o. in Somerset co.. Me. West End, p. v. in Bedford co., Pa., 15 mis. W. S. W. of Bedford, the co. seat. West Enfield, p. o. in Penobscot co.. Me. West Enfield, p. o. in Grafton co., N. H. West Enosburgh, p. v. in Franklin co., Vt., 20 mis. N. B. of St. Albans, the co. seat. West Epping, p. v. in Rockingham co., N. H., on the Concord & Portsmouth R. R., 18 mis. E. by N. of Manchester. Westerlo, tn. in Albany co., N. Y. Pop., 2,384. Westerlo, p. o. in the v. of Chesterville, lii the above tn., 20 mis. S. W. of Albany. Westerly, tn. in Washington co., R. I. Pop., 4,709. ♦Westerly, p. v. in the above tn., on the Stonington & Providence R. R., 6 mis. N. E. of Stonington. Has large manufactories of cotton and woollen goods. One newspaper. Western, tn. in Henry co., 111. Pop., 5,100. Western, p. o. in Wilkin co., Minn. Western, p. o. in Saline co., Nebr. Western, tn. in Oneida co., N. Y. Pop., 2,423. Western Branch, tn. in Norfolk co., Va. Pop., 5,100. Western College, p. v. in Linn co., Iowa, 9^ mis. S. of Cedar Rapids. Seat of Western College of Iowa. One newspaper. Western Park, p. o. in Howard co., Kans. Western Port, p. v. in Alleghany co., Md., on the N. side of the Potomac R., opposite Pied- mont, W. Va. V Western Saratoga, p. o. in Union co., 111. Western Star, p. v. in Summit co., Ohio, 2: mis. E. of Wads worth. Westernville, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the Black River Canal, 8I4 mis. N* by E. of Rome. Pop., 235. Westerville, p. v. in Decatur co., Iowa, ou. Thompson's Fork of Grand R., 17 mis. N. W. of Leon, the co. seat. * Westerville, p. v. in Franklin co^, Ohio, at WEST EXETER. 962 WEST FORT ANN. junction of Cleveland, Colnmhus, Cin. & Ind. R. K. with C, Mt. V. & C. R. R., 12 mis. N. of Columbus. A beautiful place, with active trade ami rich surroundings. Seal of Otter- bein University (U.B.). Top., about 1,200. One newspaper. West Exeter, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 14 mis. N. W. of Cooperstown, the co. seat. West Fairfield, p. v. in AVestmoreland co.. Pa., S\4 nils. s. of Lockijort Station on the Pennsylvania R. 11. West Fairlee, tn. in Orange co.. Vt. Pop., 833. *West Fairlee, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. W. of Fairlee on the Connecticut&Passump- sic Rivers R. R. West Fair view, p. o. at the Station of Fair- view, in Cumberland co., Pa., on the Susque- hanna R. and Northern Central R. R., just above a point opposite Harrisbnrg. West Fall, tn. In Pike co., Pa. Pop., 960. West Fallowfield, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa. Pop., mi. West Fallowfield, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop.,].l.')it. West Falls, p. v. In Krie co., N. Y., 6 mis. S. W. of East Aurora, at S. terminus of Buffalo & AVasliington R. R. West Falls, p. o. in Falls co., Tex. West Falmouth, p. v. in Cumberland CO., Me., on the Maine Central R. R., a few mis. from Portland. West Falmontli, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on Buzzaicrs B. and on a branch of Cape Cod R. R., 14 nils. S. of the junction at Cohasset Narrows, or Monument. West Farniing^dale, p. o. in Kennebec co., Me. West Farmington, p. v. in Ontario co., N. 1., near the Syracuse & Rochester Branch of the New ^'ork Central R. R., 6 mis. N. W. of Canandaigua. *West Farinington, p. v. in Trumbull co., Ohio, 1.5 mis. N. W. of Warren, the co. seat. West Farining'ton, p. o. in Polk co.. Wis. West Farms, tn. in AVestchester co., N. Y. Pop., 9,372. West Farms, p. v. in the above tn. Pop., 1,701. Incorporated with New York City Jan- uary 1, 1874. West Fayette, p. o. in Seneca co., N. Y. West Feliciana, parish in La., E. part. Pop., 10.499 ; in 18(>0, 11,671. It is bounded on the W. by the Mississippi R., and is intersected by Bayou Sara. The surface is undulating ; the soil fertile. This parish is traversed by the West Keliciana, Woodville & Bayou Sara K. R. St. Francisville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 66,029 bush.; Irish pot's, 750 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,200 bush.; cotton, 7,9()7 bales ; sugar, 290 hhds.; butter, 2,670 lbs. Cash value of farms, $913,ii95. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $78,610. Value of manufactures, (5iS0,515. Westfield, tn. In Bureau co., 111. Pop., 1,396. Westfield, tn. in Chirk co.. 111. Pop., 1,166. ♦Westfield, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. S. of Ashninie on the Indianapolis & St. Louis R. R. ♦Westfield, p. v. in Hamilton co., Ind., 6 mis. W. of Nohlesville, the co. seat. Pop., 608. Westfield, in. in Fayette co., Iowa. Pop., l,70s. Westfield, p. o. in Aroostook co.. Me. Westfield, in. inllampden co., Mass. Pop., 6,r»i9, ♦Westfield, p. v. in the above tn., at crossing of the IJoston & Albany R. R. and New Haven & Northampton R. R. and on Wcstfleld R., 10 inls. W. of Springfleld. It is picturesquely Situated, and is the seat of several flourishing educational institutions. Has manufactories of whijis, cigars, etc. Two newspapers. Westfield, tn. in Dodge co., Minn. Pop., 342. Westfield, p. o. in Pope co., ]\Iinn. Westfield, p. o. in York co., Nebr. Westfield, tn. in Union co., N. J. Pop., 2,753. W^estfield, p. V. in the above tn., on the Cen- tral R. R. of New Jersey, 7 mis. W. of Eliza- beth, the CO. seat. Westfield, tn. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Pop., 3,645. ♦Westfield- p. V. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 31 mis. N. E. of Erie, Pa., and 57 mis. S. W. of Buffalo. Has important manufacturing interests and a thriving trade. Pop., 3,000. One newspaper. Westfield, tn. in Richmond co., S. \. Pop.. 4,905. 1 1 . Westfield, p. o. in Stokes co., N. C. Westfield, tn. in Morrow co., Ohio. Fop., 1,322. Westfield, p. v. in the above tn., about 3 mis. N. W. of Ashlej' on the Columbus Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indi- anapolis R. R. Westfield, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop., 1,023. Westfield, tn. in Tioga co., Pa. Pop., 912. Westfield, p. borough in the above tn., on the Cowanesque Cr., 25 mis. W. of Lawrenceville on the Corning, Blossburgh & Tioga R. R. Pop., 370. Westfield, p. o. in Harris co., Tex. Westfield, tn. in Orleans co., Vt. Pop., 721. Westfield, p. v. in the above tn., lli^ mis. W. S. W. of Newport. Westfield, v. in Lewis co., W. Va., on the West Fork of the Monongahela R., a few mis. N. of Weston, the co. seat. Westfield, tn. in Sauk co.. Wis. Pop., 1,230. Westfield, tn. in Marquette co.. Wis. Pop., ,'534. ♦Westfield, p. V. in the above tn., 16 mis. from Montello. Westfield River, a tributary of the Connec- ticut R. in Mass.; is formed in H.ampden co. by the confluence of the North, Middle and West Branches. Its valley presents magnifi- cent mountain scenerv and is traversed by the Boston & Albany ll. R. it empties near Spi'ingfleld. W^est Fliiley, tn. in Washington co.. Pa. Pop., 1,471. W^est Fiiiley, p. o. in the above tn. West Fitchbnrg'li, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Cheshire R. R., 1 mle. W. of Fitchburgh. West Florence, p. v. in Preble co., Ohio, 3 mis. from Florence. Westford, p. v. in Windham co., Conn., 9 mis. N. E. of West Willington on the New London Northern R, R. Westford, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 1,803. Westrord, p. v. In the above tn., lUnile. S. of Westford Station on Stony Brook Branch of the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R. Westford, p. o. in Martin co., IMinn. Westford, in. in Otsego co.. N. Y. Pop., 1,300. Westford, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. S. E. of Cooperstown, the co. seat. Westford, tn. in Chittenden co., Vt. Pop., 1,237. Westford, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. S. E. of Milton on Vermont Central R. R. Westford, tn. in Dodge co.. Wis. Pop., 1,314. Westford, tn. in Richland co., Wis. Pop., 801. West Fork, tn. in Washington co., Ark. Pop., 1,243. West Fork, p. o. in the above tn. West Fork, p. o. in Crawford co., Ind. West Fork, tn. in Franklin co., Iowa. Pop., 285. W^est Fork, tn. in Monona co., Iowa, Pop., 54. West Fork, p. o. in the above tn. West Fork, p. o. in Christian co., Ry. West Fork, p. o. in Reynolds co.. Mo. West Fork, p. o. in Overton co., Tenn. West Fork Furnace, p. o. in Floyd CO., Va. West Fort Ann, 11. V. in Washing'ton co., N. y., 6 mis. W. of lort Ann on Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R. WEST FOXEOROUGH. 963 WEST HOBOKEN. West Foxborough, p. v. in Norfolk co.,Ma9S., 51^ mis. N. W. of Mansfield Junction. West Franklin, p. v. in Posey co., Ind., on the Ohio 11., above Mt. Vernon. West Franlilln, tn. in Armstrong CO., Pa. Pop., 1,314. West Franklin, p. v. in Bradford CO., Pa., 13 nils. W. by S. of Towanda, the co. seat. West Freedom, p. v. in Clarion co., Pa., 3 mis. E. of Parker, or Pollock, on the Alle- ghany Valley 11. K. West Freehold, p. v. in Monmouth co., N. J., '2 mis. W. of Freehold. West Freeman, p. o. in Franklin co.. Me. West Friendship, p. o. in Howard co., Md. West Fulton, v. in Itawamba co.. Miss. West Fulton, p. V. in Schoharie co., N. Y., 9 mis. S. W. of Middleburgh at S. terminus of Midilleburjih & Schoharie R. R. West Galena, tn. in Jo Daviess co.. 111. Pop., .591. West Galway, p. v. in Fulton co., N. Y., 7J^ mis. N. E. of Amsterdam on Central R. R. West Gardiner, tn. in Kennebec co.. Me. Pop., 1,044. West Gardiner, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. S. W. of Augusta. West Garland, p. o. in Penobscotco., Me. West Geneva, p. v. in Van Buren co., Mich., on South Haven Division of Michigan Central R. R., 8 mis. E. of South Haven. West Georjfia, p. o. in Franklin co., Vt. West Gilboa, p. o. in Schoharie co., N. Y. West Gloucestter, p. o. in Cumberland co.. Me. West Gloucester, p. v. in Essex co., Mass., 3'X mis. W. of Uloucester on Gloucester Branch R."R. West Gloncester, p. o. in Providence co., R. 1. West Glover, p. v. in Orleans co., Vt., 3 mis. S. W. of Barton on Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivei-s R. K. West Gorham, p. v. in Cumberland co., Mo., 214 mis. N. W. of Gorham on Portland & Ro- clu'Ster R. R. West Goshen, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., 8 mis. E. by S. of West Cornwall on Housa- tonic R. R. West Goshen, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop , 94-4. W^est Gouldsborough, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me.. 2UV^ mis. S. E. of Ellsworth, the co. seat. West Granby, p. v. in Hartford co.. Conn., 4 mis. W. of Granby Station on New Haven & Northampton R. li. West Granville, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., 14 mis. W. by S. of VVestfleld. West Granville, p. v. in Milwaukee co., Wis., 10 mis. N. N. W. of Milwaukee. West Granville Corners, p. v. in Washing- ton CO., N. v., 4 mis. from Comstock's on Sa- ratoga & Whitehall R. R., 2 mis. N. of Gran- ville. West Great Works, p. v. in Penobscot co.. Me., on the European & North American R. R., 11 mis. N. by E. of Bangor. West Greece, p. v. in Monroe co., N. Y., 9 mis. N. \V. of Rochester. West Greene, p. v. in Erie co.. Pa., 4^)4 ™'s. S. E. of Jackson Station on Philadelphia & Erie R. R. West Green Liake, p. o. in Green Lake co.. Wis. West Greenwich, tn. in Kent co., R. I. Pop., 1,133. West Greenwich Centre, p. o. in Kent co., R. 1. West Greenwood, p. o. in Crawford co., Pa. West Groton, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Pcterliorougli & Shirley Branch of the Fitchburgh R. R., 4 mis. N. W. of Groton Junction. West Groton, p. v. in Tompkins co., N. Y., 6 mis. N. W. of Groton on Southern Central R. E. West Grove, p. V. in Davis co., Iowa, on St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern and Burling- ton & Southwestern R. Rs., 9 mis. W. ol Blooiu- fleld, the co. seat. Pop., 100. West Grove Station, p. v. in Chester co., Pa., on the Philadelphia & Baltimore Central R. R., 3 mis. W. by S. of Avondale, Pop. about 300. West Halifax, p. v. In Windham co., Vt., 16 mis. W. by S. of Brattleborough. West Haliock, p. v. in Peoria co., 111., 6 mis. W. of Chillicothe on Peoria Branch of Chi- cago & Rock Island R. R. ■West Hanibnrg-h, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Wesfhani I^ocks, p. o. in Henrico co., Va. AVest Hampden, p. v. in Penobscot co.. Me., Umls. S. W. of Bangor. West Hempstead, p. v. in Rockingham co., N. H., 8}-^ mis. N. N. W. of Atkinson Station on Bo.ston & Maine Central R. R. West Hampton, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., .587. West Hampton, p. v. in the above tn., 814 nils. W. by S. of Northampton. Westham'pton, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 1,369. ■West Hampton, p. v. in Suffolk co., N. Y., near the Sag Harbor Branch of the Long Is- land R. R., 111^ mis. E. by S. of ManorvilJe. Pop., 439. West Hanover, p. v. in Plymouth co., Mass., on the Hanover Branch of the Old Colony R. R., '1% mis. W. of Hanover. West Hanover, tn. in Dauphin co., Pa. Pop., 1,044. West Hanover, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. E. N. E. of Harrisburgh. West Harpswell, p. v. in Cumberland co.. Me., 13'/^ nils. S. of Brunswick. Y5>st Hartford, tn. in Hartford CO., Conn. Top.. 1.533. Wt>>»t Hartford, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. W. by S. of Hartford. West Hartford, p. o. in Ralls co., Mo. West Hartford, p. v. in Windsor CO., Vt., ou AVhite li. and on the Central Division of the Vermont Central R. R.. 514 m's. N. W. of White River Junction. The river affords good water- power for numerous manufactories. West Hartland, p. v. in Hartford co.. Conn., 13 mis. W. by N. of Granby Station on New Haven & Northampton R. II. West Harwich, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., 114 mle. S. of North Harwich on Cape Cod R. B. West Haven, p. v. in New Haven co., Conn., near the New York & New Haven R. R., 2J^ mis. S. W. of New Haven, with which it is connected bj' a horse railway. Pop., 1,852. West Haven, p. v. in Shiawassee co., Mich., 6]4 m\^. N. by E. of Owosso. West Haven, tn. in Rutland co., Vt. Pop., 713. West Haven, p. v. in the above tn., 6 mis. N. W. of Fair Haven. West Hawley, p. v. in Franklin CO., Mass., 5 inls. S. W. of Charlemont. West Hayden, p. o. in Franklin co., Ohio. West Hebron, p. v. in Washington co., N. Y., 6 mis. N. by W. of Salem. West Hemlock, tn. in Jlontour co., Pa. Pop., 396. West Hempfleld, tn. in Lancaster co.. Pa. Pop., 3.688. West Hennepin, v. in Bureau co.,lll.,ou the Illinois R. opposite Hennepin. West Henniker, p. v. in Merrimack co., N. H., on the Contoocook River R. R., 21 mis. by rail W. by S. of Concord. West Henrietta, p. v. in Monroe co., N. T,, 1)4 mle. E. of Henrietta Station on the Roches- ter Branch of the Erie R. R. West Hickory, p. o. in Forest co.. Pa. West Hobokeu, tn. in Hudson co., N. J. Pop., 4,132. West Hoboken, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. N. W. of Hoboken and on the Palisades near WEST HOOSICK. 964 WEST MILAN. the Hudson R. A manufacturing place ; also containing residences of New York business men. One newspaper. West Hoosick, p. o. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Westhope, p. o. in Jewell co., Kaiis. "Host Honkintoii, p. o. in Merrimack co., N. H. West Hurley, p. v. in Ulster co.,N. Y., on the Xew York, Kingston & Syracuse R. R., 6 mis. N. W. of Kingston. West Indepeudence, p. v. in Hancock co., Ohio, 8 mis. S. of Fostoria. West Irviii;?, p. v. in Tama co., Iowa, 5 mis. X. of JJelle Plaine. •West JeflTersoii, p. v. in Madison co., Ohio, on the rittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. 11., 10% mis. E. N. E. of London, the co. seat. Pop., .577. West Jersey, tn. in Stark co., 111. Pop., 1,315. West Jersey, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. by W. of Toulon, the co. seat. West .rordan, p. o. in Salt Lake co., Utah Ter. West Jiiiiins, p. o. in Seneca co., N. Y. West Kendall, p. v. in Orleans co., N. Y., 13 mis. N. of HoUey on Niagara Ealls Division of the New York Central R. R. West Kill, p. V. in Greene co., N. Y., 7% mis. N. of Shandaken on the New York, Kingston & Syracuse R. R. ♦West Killiiigly, p. o. in the v. of Daniel- .Bonville (wliioh see). West Kinderhook, p. o. in Tipton co., Ind. West Kurtrl^ht, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. West I^a Fayette, p. v. in Coshocton co., Ohio, on the Pirtsljurgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., a mis. E. of Coshocton. Pop. about 157. W^est I^ake, p. o. in Kandiyohi co., Minn. West Lianipeter, tn. in Lancaster co., Pa. Pop., l,7iiO. West I^aiicaster, p. o. in Fayette co., Ohio. ■Westlajid, p. o. in Hancock co., Ind. Westland, v. in Halifax co., N. C, 10 mis. N. W. of Halifax. Westland, tn. in Guernsey oc, Ohio. Pop., 88'.). West liaurens, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y.,9 mis. N. W. of Oneonta. *West I;iebanon, p. v. In Warren co., Ind., on the Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., ,30 mis. W. of La Fayette and 18 mis. E. of Danville. An important shipping point and center of a growing manufacturing interest. Pop., 246. One newspaper. West I^ebanon, p. v. In York co., Me., 3 mis. E. by S. of Milton, N. H. *Wes"t liebanon, p. V. in Grafton co., N. H., on the Northern (N. H.) R. R., 1 mle. E. of Connecticut R. and White River Junction. Seat of Tilden Ladies Seminary. West I^cbanon, p. o. in Columbia CO., N. Y. West Lebanon, p. v. in Wayne CO., Ohio, 9 mis. S. W. of Massillou. Pop., 161. West liebanon, p. v. in Indiana Co., Pa., 13 nils. W. by S. of Indiana, the co. seat. West liCeds, p. v. in Androscoggin co.. Me., 3 nils. W. of Leeds on Androscoggin R. R. West I>ee8port, p. o. in Berks co., Pa. W'est Lenox, p. o. in Sufequehanna co.. Pa. West I[e., 8 mis. S. S. W. of Eastport. West Lynn, near Lynn, in Essex co., Mass.; is tilt junction of Sangus Branch of Eastern & Maine R. R. with the main line. West Lyons, p. v. in Cook CO., 111., on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 15 mis. S. W. of Chicago. Pop. about 75. ♦West macedon, p. v. in Wayne co., N. Y., neiir the New Y'ork Central R. R., 4 mis. W. of Macedon. West Maboning, tn. In Indiana CO., Pa. Pop., 1.131. West Magnolia, p. o. in Rock co., "Wis. West Manchester, p. o. in the v. of Man- cliester, in Prelile co., Ohio, on the Dayton & Western R. R., 25 mis. N. AV. of Dayton. Pop. about 100. West Slaucliester, tn. In York co., Pa. Pop., 1,824. West Manlielm, tn. in York co., Pa. Pop., 1,147. West Mansfield, p. v. in Bristol co., Mass., on the Boston & Providence R. R.,3 mis. S. S. W. of ISIansfleld Junction. West Mansfield, p. o. in Logan co., Ohio. West Marlborough, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,189. West Marlborongh, p. o. in Windham co., Vt. West Martlnsbnrgh, p. v. in Lewis co., N. Y., 3 mis. S. S. W. of Lowville on Utica & Black River R. R. West Medford, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R., 5 mis. N. AY. of Boston. West Medway, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on the Woonsocket Division of the Boston, Hart- ford & Erie R. R., '26 nils. S. W. of Boston. West Mendon, v. in Monroe co., N. Y. W^est Meredith, p. o. in Delaware co., N. Y. *West Meriden, p. v. in New Haven co.. Conn., on New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 18 mis. N. of New Haven. It lies in the valley westward of Meriden and nearer the line of railroad, constituting what may be called the business portion of the city. (See Meriden.) "West Middlebnrgh, p. v. in Logan co.,Ohlo, 12 mis. S. K. of Bellefontaine, the co. seat. West Middlesex, p. borough in Mercer co., Pa., on the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R., 15 mis. N. of Newcastle. An important trade point. Pop., 888. West Middleton, p. o. in Dane co.. Wis. West Mlddletown, p. borough in Washington CO., Pa., 13'^ mis. N. W. of "Washington, the CO. seat. Pop., 346. "West Milan, p. o. in Monroe co., Mich. West Milan, p. v. in Coos co., N. H., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 12 mis. N. by W. of Berlin Falls. WEST MILFORD. 965 WEST NEWTON. West Mllford, tn. in Passaic co., N. J. Pop., 2,660. West miford, p. v. in the above tn., 13 mis. "\V. by S. of Sloatsburgh, N. Y. West Milforcl, p. v. in Harrison CO., "W. Va., S^ nils. S. W. of Clarksburgh, the co. seat. West Millbury, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., 3 mis. S. W. of Millbury. W^est Mill Creek, p. o. in Erie co., Pa. West Mill Grove, p. v. in Wood co., Ohio, 6 mis. N. N. W. of Fostoria on Lake Erie & Louisville R. li. West Milton, p. v. in Strafford co., N. H., 3 nils. X. N. E. of Farmington. West Milton, p. v. in Saratoga co., N. Y., 5 Tnls. X. W. of J3allston. West Milton, p. o. in the v. of Milton, in Miauii CO., Ohio. 6 mis. S. of Pleasant Hill and 9 nils. S. W. of Troy, theco. seat. Pop. of v., 45.5. West Milton, p. v. in Union CO., Pa., on the Susquehanna R., opposite Milton. West Milton, p. V. in Chittenden co., Vt., i]^ nils. W. of Milton on Vermont & Canada R. R. West Minot, p. v. at the station of Minot, in Androscoggin co., Me., on the Portland & Ox- ford Central R. R., a few mis. S. E. of Me- chanic's Falls. Westminster, p. v. in Windham co.. Conn., 7 mis. W. of Plainfleld on Hartford, Provi- dence & Fishkill R. R. ♦Westminster, p. v. and the co. seat of Carroll CO., Md., near the source of the Patapseo R. and on the Western Blaryland R. R., 36 mis. N. W. of Baltimore. A thriving place with im- portant manufacturing interests. Pop., 2,310. Two newspapers. Westminster, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., 1,770. Westminster, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. S. \V. of Westminster Depot on Vermont & Mas- sachusetts R. R. Westminster, p. o. in Guilford co., N". C. Westminster, p. v. in Allen co., Ohio, 7 m.Is. S. E. of Lima, the co. seat. Westminster, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 1.-J38. Westminster, p. v. in the above tn., near the Vermont Central R. R. and Connecticut R., i mis. below Bellows Falls. Westminster Depot, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., 5 mis. W. of Fitchburgh. Westminster West, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 5 mis. W. by S. of Westminster on Ver- mont Central R. R. West Mitchell, p. v. in Mitchell co., Iowa, on the Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R, R. and on Red Cedar R., opposite Mitchell, the CO. seat. West Monroe, tn. in Oswego co., N. Y. Pop., 1,30-t. West Monroe, p. v. in the above tn., }/^ mlc. N. of the station on New York & Oswego Mid- land R. R. and half way between Constantia and Central Square. West Monterey, p. o. in the v. of Monterey, in Clarion co.. Pa., on the Alleghany R. and Alleghany Valley R. R., 7 mis. above Brady's Bend. "Westmore, tn. in Orleans co., Vt. Pop., 412. Westmore, p. o. in the above tn. Westmoreland, p. v. in Pottawatomie co., Ivans., 12 mis. N. by W. of Louisville, the co. seat. Westmoreland, tn. in Cheshire co., X. H. Pop., 1,25G. Westmoreland, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. S of Westmoreland Depot, on Cheshire R. R. Westmoreland, tn. in Oneida co., K. Y. Pop., 2.952. Westmoreland (formerly Hampton v.), p. v. in Oneida co., >f. Y., on Clinton Branch of New York & Oswego Midland R. K., 8 mis. S, by E. of Rome. Pop., 444. Westmoreland, co. in Pa., S. W. part. Area about 1,025 sq. mis. Pop., 58,719 ; in 1860, 53,736. Laurel Ridge trends along the eastern bound- ary, Monongahela R. forms part of the west- ern, Jacobs Cr. part of the southern and the Alleghany R., with Kiskiminetas R., forms the northern. Chestnut Ridge intersects the CO. from S. S. W. to X. X. E. The remainder of the surface is undulating or hilly and the soil arable and highly productive. The Penn- sylvania R. R. intersects the co. Greensburgh is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in isfo: Wheat, 676,699 bush.; rye, 43,886 bush.; Indian- corn, 1,168,498 bush.; oats, 1,358,208 bush.; Irish pot's, 148,248 bush.: sweet pot's, 594 bush.; but- ter, 1,206,845 lbs.; hay, 61,495 tons. Cash value of farms, 828,210,826. Total, estimated, vaUrj of all farm productions, including ailditions to stock, etc., $4,176,630. Value of manufac- tures, $2,592,487. Westmoreland, co. in Va., E. part. Area about 175 sq. mis. Pop., 7,682 ; in 1860, 8,282. It occupies part of the peninsula which extends between the Potomac and Rappahannock Rs. The former stream washes the X. E. bound- ary and separates the co. from Md.; the latter forms part of the S. W. boundary. The sur- face is undulating and in some localities hilly ; the soil is productive. Large parts of the co. are covered witli forests of pine, cedar and other coniferous trees. Montrose is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 29,896 bush.; rye, 3,12.5 bush.; Indian-corn, 189,381 bush.; oats, 2.5,585 bush.: Irish pot's, 901 bush. ; sweet pot's, 359 bush.; tobacco, 4,245 lbs.; but- ter, 812 lbs.; hav, 22 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,298,843. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $942,725. Value of manufactures, .$83.78.5. Westmoreland Conrt Honse, v. and the co. seat of the above co. (See Montrose.) Westmoreland Oepot, p. v. in Cheshire co., N. H., on the Cheshire R. R., 13 mis. N. W.-of Keene, the co. seat. West Morris, p. o. in Litchfield co.. Conn. West Mount Vernon, p. v. in Kennebec co.. Me., 8 mis. N. by W. of Readtield Station ou Maine Central R. R. West Monnt Vernon, v. in Westchester co., X. Y., on Xew York & Harlem R. R., 14 mis. X. of Xew York city.. Pop., 1,200. West Nantlcoke, p. v. in Luzerne co., Pa., on North Branch of Susquehanna R. and on Lackawanna & Bloom^burgh R. R., opposite Xantieoke and 24 mis. W. by S. of Scranton. W^est M^antmeal, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,078. West Newark, p. o. in Tioga co., N. Y. West New Brig^hton, p. v. in Richmond co., X. Y., 6 nils. S. W. of Xew York city, with which it is connect«d bj^ ferry. Has import- ant manufacturing interests. One newspa- per. West Newbury, tn. in Essex co., Mass. Pop., 2,006. West Newbury, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. E. of Haverhill. West Newbury, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., a few mis. W. of Xewbui-y on Connecticut & Pas- sumpsic Rivers R. R. West Newfleld, p. v. in York co.. Me., 14 m.ls. X. X. E. of Union, N. H. West Newport, p. o. in Orleans co., Vt. West Newton, p. v. in Mai'ion co., Ind., on the Indianapolis & Vincennes R. R., 11 mis. S. W. of Indianapolis. W^est New^ton, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 10 mis. W. of Boston. West Newton, tn. in Nicollet co., Minn. Pop., 703. West Newton, p. v. in the above tn., near Minnesota R., 10 mis. N. by W. of New Ulm. West Newton, p. v. in Allen co,, Ohio, 15 mis. S. E. of Lima, the co. seat. WEST NEWTON. 966 WEST POINT. *West Newton, p. borough in Westmorelanrl CO., Pa., on tlie Youghiosheny R. and the Pittsburgh, Washington & Baltimore R. R., .33 mis. S. by E. of Pittsburgh. Pop., 99-2. "West Norfolk, p. v. in Litchfield co, Conn., on tlie Connecticut Western R. R., 6J4 mis. E. by S. of Canaan. West Northlield, p. o. in Coolc co.. 111. West Northfleld, p. o. in the v. of South Ver- non .Junction, in Eranklin co., ;RIass., the cross- ing of the Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivei's R. R. and tlie Ashuelot R. R., at the state line. West Norwalk, p. v. in Fairfield co., Conn., 3 mis. N. of Darien Station on New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. West Notting'bain, p. v. in Rockingham co., N. H., 1-2 mis. N. W. of New Market on Boston & Maine Central R. R. ■West Nottingrham, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., S7i). West Bfovi, p. V. in Oakland co., Mich., 25 mis. K. W. of Detroit. West O.tkland, p. o. in Alameda co., Cal. West Oi^'den, p. o. in Lenawee co., Mich. West Olive, p. o. in Ottawa co., Mich. W^estoii, In. in Fairfield co.. Conn. Pop., 1,054. Weston, p. V. in the above tn., 3 nils. N. E. of Wilton ou Danbnry & Norwalk R. R. Weston, p. o. in Yankton co.. Dak. Ter. W^eston, p. V. in McLean co.. 111., on Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw R. R., 5 mis. E. of Chenoa. Pop. about '200. "Weston, p. V. in Nicholas co., Ky., 3 mis. from Carlisle, the co. seat. "Weston, tn. in Aroostook co., Me. Pop., 39i. Weston, p. o. in the above tn. Weston, tn. iu Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 1,-261. Weston, p. V. in the above tn., 1)4 mle. S. W. of Weston Station on Fitchburgh ll. R. Weston, p. V. in Lenawee co., Mich., 11 mis. S. of Adrain, the co. seat. W^eston, tn. in Platte co., Mo. Pop., 2,453. *Weston, p. V. in the above tn., on Missouri R., and on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R., 7 mis. above Leavenworth, Kans., and 30 mis. S. of St. Joseph. It is an import- ant shipping point anil has manufactures. Pop.,l,(jl4. One newspaper. "Weston, p. o. in Somerset CO., N. .J. Weston, p. v. in Schujder co., N. Y,, 914 nils- W.of Watkins. Weston, tn. in Wood co., Ohio. Pop., 1,8.33. "Weston, p. V. in the above tn., on the Cincin- nati, Hamilton & Dayton R. 11., 28 mis. S. by W. of Toledo. Weston, p. o. in Umatilla co., Oreg. Weston, p. V. in Collin co., Tex., 14 mis. from McKinney. Pop., 157. Weston, p. o. in Cache co., Utah Ter. "Weston, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 931. "Weston, p. V. in the above tn., llj.^ nds. W. of Chester. *Wcston, p. V. and the co. seat of Lewis co., W. Va., on the West Fork of Monongahela R., 23 mis. S. of Clarksburgh on Baltimore & Oliio R. R. Location of State Insane Hospital. Has fine agricultural surroundings, and is the center of an active local trade. Pop., 1,111. One newspaper. "Weston, tn. in Clark co., WJs. Pop., 500. Weston, tn. in Dunn co.. Wis. Pop., 3.39. "Weston, tn. in Marathon Co., Wis. Pop., 265. Westonburg-h, p. v. in Crittenden co., Ky., on the Ohio K., 4 mis. above Ford's Ferry. "West Oneonta, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 4 mis. N. W. of Oneonta on Albany & Susque- hanna R. R. Weston's Mills, p. o. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. West Orange, tn. In Essex co., N. J. Pop., ■2.1015. West Ossipee, p. v. in Carroll co., N. H.,9ml3. N. l)v W. of Ossipee, the co. seat. West'Otis, p. o. in Berkshii-e co., Mass. Westover, p. v. in Somerset co., Md., on East- ern Shore R. R., 5^ mis. S. of Princess Aunc, the CO. seat. "Westover's, p. o. in Clearfield co.. Pa. "West Overton, p. o. in Westmoreland co., Pa. West I*aradise, p. o. in Osborne co., Kans. West Paris, p. v. in Oxford Co., Me., on the Grand Trunk R. R., 55 mis. N. by W. of Port- land. "West Parsonfield, v. in York co.. Me., 10 mla. E. of Ossipee, N. H. West Pawlet, p. v. in Rutland co., \t.. on the Rutland & Washington Branch of the Rensse- laer & Saratoga R. R., 14 mis. N. of Salem. West Pembroke, p. v. in Washington co., Me., 12 mis. N. W. of Eastport. West Penn, tn. in Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop., ],9ti0. "West Penn, p. o. in the above tn. West Pennsborough, tn. in Cumberland co., Pa. Pop., 2,180. West Pennsylvania Junction, v. in Arm- strong CO., Pa. (See Lucesco, the p. o.) West Pensankie, p. v. in Oconto co.. Wis., 8 mis. S. W. of Pensaukee and 14 mis. S. W. of Oconto, the co. seat. West Perry, tn. in Snyder CO., Pa. Pop., 585. "West Pertii, p. o. in Fulton co., N. Y. West Peru, p. V. in Oxford co.. Me., on An- droscoggin R., 3 mis. N. W. of Peru. West Peterborough, p. v. in Hillsborough CO., N. H., 16 mis. W. by N. of Wilton. Westphalia, tn. in Clinton co., Mich. Pop., 1,499. Westphalia, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. S. W. of Fowler on Detroit & Milwaukee R. R. Westphalia, p. v. in Osage co., Mo., 15 mis. S. E. of .letferson City. W^est Pike, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. West Pikeland, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,201. West Pikeland, p. o. in Chester co., Pa. West Pike Run, tn. in Washington co., Pa., Pop., 1,252. "West Pilot, p. o. in Iowa co., Iowa. West Pittsburgh, borough in Alleghany co., Pa., on S. side of the Ohio R., opposite Pitts- burgh. Pop., 2,095. "West Pittsfleld, p. o. in Somerset co.. Me. West Plttslield, p. o. in Shaker Villa-je in Berkshire co., Mass., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 3 mis. from Pittsfleld. West Pittston, borough in Luzerne co.. Pa., on W. bunk of Susquehanna R. and on Lacka- wanna & Bloomsburgh R. R., opposite Pitts- ton, whose trade and prosperity it shares. Pop., l,41(i. West Plains, p. v. and the co. seat of Howell CO., Mo., 80 mis. S. E. of Marshfield on Atlan- tic & Pacific R. R. Pop., 130. West Plattsburgh, p. v. in Clinton co., N. Y., 6 mis. N. W. of Plattsburgh. West Plymouth, p. v. iu Grafton co., N. H., 4 mis. W. of Plymouth. West Point, p. v. in White co., Ark., on the Little lied R., 9 luls. N. of Searcy, the co. scat. West Point, p. v. in Calaveras co., Cal., near Middle Fork of Mokelumne R., 17 mis. N. by E. of San Andreas, the co. seat. *West Point, p. v. in Troup co., Ga., on E. bank of Chattahoochee R., at S. W. terminus of the Atlanta & West Point R. R. and N. E. terminus of the West Point Branch of the Western R. R. of Alabama, 87 mis. S. S. W. of Atlanta and about the same distance E. by N. of Montgomery, Ala. It is an important shipping point and has extensive manufacto- ries of cotton goods. Pop., 1,405. One news- ■paper. west Point, p. v. in Hancock co.. 111., on the Carthage Division of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 12 mis. S. of Carthage, the co. scat. Pop. about 200. West Point, tn. in Stephenson co., 111. Pop., 2,G02. WEST POINT. 967 WEST RUSH. West P'oint, p. v. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., on the Toledo, Wabasli & Western R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of La Fayette, the co. seat. Pop., 246. West Point, tn. in White co., Ind. Pop., 611. West Point, tn. in Lee co., Iowa. Pop., 1,894. *West Point, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. N. W. of Fort Madison. Pop., 794. West Point, tn. in Butler co., Iowa. Pop., 320. West Point, p. V. in Hardin co., Ky., on the Ohio R. at the confluence of Salt R., 22 mis. below Louisville. Has important shipping interests and extensive boat yards. Pop., 206. •West Point, p. v. and the co. seat of Colfax CO., Miss., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 15 mis. N. W. of Columbus. An important shipping point for cotton and the products of an agri- cultural region. Pop., 1,392. One newspaper. West Point, p. v. in Bates co.. Mo., 20 mis. N. W. of Butler, the co. seat. *West Point, p. v. and the co. seat of Cuming CO., Nebr., on the E. bank of Elkhorn R. and on the Sioux City & Pacific R. R., 36 mis. N. of Fremont. Has a prosperous trade with rapidly improving surroundings and fine water-power, which is largely employed in manufacturing. Pop., 520. Two newspapers. •West Point, p. v. in Orange co., N. Y., on the W. bank of tie Hudson R., opposite Garri- son's Station on the New York Central & Hud- son River R. R., 49 mis. K. of New York City. It is picturesquely situated on commanding bluffs and is noted as being the seat of the United States Military Academy, established in 1802, for the monuments and warlike relics which ornament it^ pleasure grounds, for the richness of its scenery and its historic asso- ciations. Pop., 943. West Point, v. in Orange co., N. C, a few mis. E. of Hillsborough, the co. seat. West Point, p. v. in Columbiana CO., Ohio, 6 mis. S. by E. of New Lisbon, the CO. seat. West Point, p. o. in Lawrence co., Tenn. West Point, p. o. in Fayette co., Tex. West Point, tn. in King William CO., Va. Pop., 2.193. West Point, p. v. in King William co., Va., at the confluence of the Pamunky & Mattapony Rs. and at E. terminus of the Richmond & Chesapeake R. R., 38 mis. by rail E. of Rich- mond. It is eligibly situated for river and coast commerce. One newspaper. West Point, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 949. West Point, p. v. in Columbia co.. Wis., 6 mis. W. by N. of Lodi. West Poland, p. v. in Androscoggin co., Me., 8 mis. S. of Mechanic's Falls. W^estport, tn. in Fairfield co.. Conn. Pop., 3,361. Westport, p. V. in the above tn., on the widen- ings of the Saugatuck R. and on the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., V^ mle. N. of Westport, or Saugatuck Station, which is 1]4 mle. E. of South Norwalk. It is the seat of thriving manufactories and has a large produce trade with New York market. Two newspapers. Westport, p. v. in Decatur co., Ind., 13 mis. S. of Greensburgh, the co. seat. Westport, p. v. in Oldham co., Ky., on the Ohio R., 6 mis. N. W. of La Grange, the co. seat. Shipping point by river for productive surroundings. Westpo'rt, tn. in Lincoln co.. Me. Pop., 699. Westport, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. E. by S. of Bath. W^estport, tn. in Bristol co., Mass. Pop., 2,724. W^estport, p. V. in the above tn., 7^ mis. W. of New Bedford. Westport, tn. in Pope CO., Minn. Pop., 238. ■Westport, tn. in Jackson co.. Mo. Pop., 1,051. •Westport, city in the above tn., near the Kans. state line and 4 mis. S. of Kansas City. It was long the rival of Independence during the days of overland traflic. Pop., 1,095. Westport, p. V. in Cheshire co., N. H., on the Ashuelot R. R., 8 mis. S. of Keene, the co. seat. Westport, tn. in Essex co., N. Y. Pop., 1,577. Westport, p. V. in the above tn., on Lake Champlain, 11 mis. W. of Vergennes, Vt. Con- nected by steamer with the lake ports. Westport, p. V. in Clatsop co., Oreg., on the Columbia R., 30 mis. above Astoria. Westport, p. V. in Clinton CO., Pa., on the West Branch of the Susquehanna R., at the mouth of Kettle Cr., and on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R., 6 mis. W. by S. of Renovo and 35 mis. N. W. of Lock Haven. Pop. about 200. "Westport, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 1,589. Westport, p. V. in the above tn., on the Madi- son & St. Paul Line of Chicago & Northwest- ern R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of Madison. Westport Point, p. v. in Bristol co., Mass., on Buzzard's B., 13 mis. S. W. of New Bedford. West Potsdam, p. o. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y. West Poultney, v. in Rutland co., Vt., near Poultney. West Pownal, p. o. in Cumberland co.. Me., at Pownal Station on the Grand Trunk R. R., 18 mis. N. of Portland. West Prairie, p. o. in Linn co., Iowa. West Prairie, p. v. in Dunklin co., Mo., 23 mis. N. of Kennett, the co. seat. West Prairie, \). o. in Vernon CO., Wis. West Providence, p. o. in Saratoga co., N. T. West Providence, tn. in Bedford co., Pa. Pop., 970. West Quincy, V. in Marion co.. Mo., on W. bank of Mississippi R., opposite Quincy, 111., and on Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. Pop. about 75. Westralia, tn. in Montgomery co., Kans. Pop., 1,117. Westralia, v. in the above tn. Pop., 104. *West Randolph, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., oa the Central Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 32 mis. S. of Montpelier. Has active tradeand important manufacturing interests. Location of a State Normal School. Two newspapers. West Redding, p. v. in Fairfield co.. Conn., on the Danbury & Norwalk R. R., 7 mis. S. or Danbury. West Richfield, p. v. in Summit co., Ohio, M mle. W. of Richfield and about 13 mis. N. \V. of Akron, the co. seat. West Richmondville, p. v. in Schoharieco., N. Y., on the Albany & Susquehanna R. R., 2 mis. W. of Richmondville. West Rindge, p. o. in Cheshire co., N. H. West River, a tributary of the Connecticut R. in Windham co., Vt.; rises in the Greeu Mts. of Windsor CO., and has a south-easterly course. West River, tn. in Randolph co., Ind. Pop., 1,612. West River, p. v. in Anne Arundel co., Md., about 25 mis. E. of Washington, D. C. West River, p. o. in Y'ates co., N. Y. West Rochester, p. v. in Windsor co., Vt., 13 mis. W. bv S. of Randolph Station on Vermont Central R. R. West Rosendale, p. v. in Fond du Lac co., Wis., on the Sheboygan & Fond du Lac R. R., 14 mis. W. by N. of Fond du Lac. West Roxbnry, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 8,683. West Roxbnry, p. v. in the above tn., on the Dedham Branch of the Boston & Providence R. R., 8 mis. S. S. W. of Boston. West Rnmney, p. v. in Grafton co., N. H., on the Boston, Concord & Montreal R. R., 10^ mis. N. W. of Plymouth. West Rupert, p. v. in Bennington CO., Vt., near the Rutland & Washington Branch of the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 7 mis. N. N. E. of Salem. West Rnsh, p. v. in Monroe co., N. Y., on the Canandaigua, Batavia & Tonawanda Branch of the New York Central R. R., at crossing of WEST RUSHVILLE. 968 WEST TROY. the Rochester Division of Erie R. R., 14 mis. S. of Rochester. "West Rn^ilivlllc, p. v. in Fairfleld co., Ohio, Orals. N. E. of Lancaster, the co. seat. Pop., 185. West Rutland, p. v. in "Worcester co., Mass., 13 mis. N. W. of Worcester. West Rutland, p. v. in Rutland CO., Vt., on the Rutland & Washington Branch of the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 3U mis. W. of Rutland. West St. Paul, tn. In Dakota co., Minn. Pop., 1.103. *Wcst St. Paul, p. V. in the above tn., near St. Paul. West Salamanca, p. v. in Cattaraugus co., N". Y., near Salamanca. West Salem, p. v. in Edwards co., 111., 19 mis. S. of Olney and 11 mis. N. hy E. of Albion, the CO. seat. *West Salem, p. v. in "".Yajnie co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great 'Western R. R., 19 mis. N. W. of Wooster, the co. seat, and 36 mis. W. S. W. of Akron. A place of active tuadc. Pop., 713. Two newspapers. West Salem, tn. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 2.08-2. West Salem, p. o. in the above tn. ♦West Salem, p. v. in La Crosse co.. Wis., on the La Crosse Division of the Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R., 11 mis. N. E. of La Crosse. Pop. about 400. West Salisbury, p. v. in Merrimack co., N. H., 4 mis. S. of Audover on Northern New Hampshire R. R. W^est SalisbHry,.p. v. in Addison co., Vt., on the Rutland & Burlington R. R., 6% mis. S. of Middlebury, the co. seat. West Sand L.ake, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. y., 9 mis. S. E. of Troy. Pop., 315. West Sandwich, p. v."in Barnstable co., Mass., on the Cape Cod R. R., 7 mis. W. of Barnsta- ble, the CO. seat. West Schuyler, p. v. in Herkimer co., N". Y., 1 mle. N. of Mohawk R. and Canal and the New York Central & Hudson River R. R. and 4 mis. E. of Utiea. West Scituate, p. v. in Plymouth CO., Mass., 314 in'-^- >f- of West Hauover. W^est Sebeiva, p. o. in Ionia Co., Mich. West Seneca, tn. in Erie co., N. Y. Pop., 3,196. West Seneca, p. v. in the above tn., 3 mis. S. of Butlalo. West Seneca Centre, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. West Shelby, p. v. in Orleans co., N. Y., 614 mis. S. by W. of Medina on New York Central R. R. West Shenango, tn. in Crawford co.. Pa., Pop., 357. W^est Shoals, p. o. in Martin co., Ind. Westside, jj. v. in Crawford co., Iowa, on Iowa Division of Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 15 mis. E. by N. of Denison, the co. seat. West Sidney, p. o. in Kennebec co., Me. West's Mill, p. o. in Seward co.. Nebr. West's Mills, p. V. in Franklin co., Mc., 11 mis. N. W. of Farmington, the co. seat. West Somers, p. o. in Westchester co., N. Y. West Somerset, p. v. in Niagara co., N. Y., 14 nils. N. by E. ot Lockport, theco. seat. West Sonora, p. o. in t he v. of Sonora, in Preble co., Ohio, on the Dayton, Xenia & Wes- tern R. R., '20 mis. W. by N. of Dayton. Pop. about 100. West Snarta, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop. 1,'244. West Spring Creek, p. v. in Warren co.. Pa., on Spring Cr., 4 mis. W. bv S. of Spring Cr. on Pliilad(>l|)hia & Erie R. It. West Sprlng'lield, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., '2,()0li. West Sprin{s:field, p. v. in the above tn., I mle. N. of West Springfield Station on Boston & Albany R. R. West Springfield, p. o. in Shelby co., Mo. West Springfield, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. H., 9 mis. W. of South Danbury on Northern New Hampshij-c R. R. West Springfield, p. v. in Erie co.. Pa., GU mis. S. W. of North Springfield, or Springlield Station, on Lake Shore R. R. West Springfield Station, or Mittin* eagne, v. in Hampden eo., Mass., on Westlield R. and on the Boston & Albany R. R., 2 mis. W. of Springfield. A manufacturing place. The p. o. is Mittineague. West Stafford, p. v. in Tolland co.. Conn., 5 mis. W. of Statford Springs and station on New London Northern R. R. West Stephentown, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y'., 5 mis. W. by S. of North Stephentown on Harlem Extension R. R. West Sterling, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., 4 mis. N. of Oakdale. West Stewartstown, p. v. in Coos co., N. H., on Connecticut R. and 2'2 mis. N. of North Stratford Station on Grand Trunk R. R. West Stockbridge, tn in Berkshire co., Mass. Pop., 1,9-24. West Stockbridge, p. v. in the above In., on the State Line Branch of the Housatonic R. R., 25^ mis. &. E. of State Line. West Stockbridge Centre, p?o. in Berkshire CO., Mass. West Stockholm, p. v. in St. Lawrence co., N. Y'., 5 mis. S. v.. of Potsdiim Junction. West Stratford, p. o. in Fairfield co.. Conn. West Snflield, p. v. in Hartford co., (j mis. W. of Thoinsonville on New Y'^ork, New Haven & Hartford R. R. . West Summit, p. o. in Wexford co., Mich. West Sumner, p. v. in Oxford co.. Mo., G mis. W. of Sumner Station, or East Sumner, on Portland & Oxford Central R. R. West Sutton, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., 4 mis. E. of Oxford on Norwich & Worcester R. R. West Swanzey, p. v. in Cheshire co., N. H., on the Aslmelot R. R., 6 mis. S. of Keene, the CO. seat. W^est Sweden, p. o. in Polk co.. Wis. West Taghkaulck, p. o. in Columbia co., N. y. West Thompson, p. v. in Windham co., Conn., 1 mle. W. of Tliompson Station on Nor- wicli & Worcester R. R. West Thornton, p. v. in Grafton co., N. H., 14 mis. N. of Plymouth, the co. seat. West Tisbury^ p. v. in Dukes co., Mass., on Martha's Vineyard Island, 35 mis. S. by E. of New Bedford. West Topsham, p. v. in Orange co., Vt., 16 mis. N. W. of Bradford on Connecticut & Pas- sum psic Rivers R. R. West Townsend, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass., on the Peterborough & Shirley Brancli of the Fitchburgh R. R., H mis. N. W. of Groton Junction. West Townsend, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 15 mis. W. by S. of Bellows Falls. West Town, p. v. in Orange eo., N. Y., on the Union ville Branch of the ErieR. R., 3 mis. N. of Unionville. Pop. about 25. West Town, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop.. SIS. West Township, p. v. in Albany co., N. Y., 4 mis. AV. of Knowersville on Albany & Susque- hanna R. R. West Tremont, p. o. in Hancock co., Me. West Trenton, p. v. in Hancock co.. Me., 10 mis. s. by E. of Ellsworth, the co. seat. West Troy, p. o. in Iowa co., Iowa. West Troy, p. o. In Waldo co., Me. West Troy, p. v. in Albanj- co.. N. Y., on tho W. sitle of tho Hudson R., opposite Troy, with which it is connected by bridge and ferrii^s. Seat of an active trade and extensive maiui. factories. Location of the National Arsenal of Watervliet, including30 Imiklingsand cov- ering 100 acres of grounapers. est Union, p. o. in Owen co., Ky. West Union, tn. in Todd co., Minn. Pop., 307. West Union, p. o. in Todd co., Minn. West Union, p. o. in Cass co.. Mo. West Union, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 1 ,264. West Union, p. o. in the above tn. West Union, p. v. and the co. seat of Adams CO., Oliio, 9 inls. N. of the Ohio R. at Manches- ter. Pop., 48(5. Two newspapers. West Union, tn. in Doddridge co., W. Va. Pop., i.r.'s. *West Union, p. v. and the co. seat of Dodd- ridge CO., \V. va., on Parkersburgh BnincU of Baltimoi-e & Ohio R. R., 26 mis. W. of Clarks* burgh and 49 E. of Parkersburgh. A place of growing importance and trade center lor a good agricultural region. *West Unity, p. v. in Williams co., Ohio, 9 mis. N. of Stryker on Lake Shore & Micbigaa Southern R. R. Pop., 537. West Upton, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., 2U mis. E. of Farnuni ^Station on Providence & AVorcester R. R. Westvale, p. v. in Middlesex co., Mass. West Valley, p. o. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. West Valley, v. in Armstrong co., Pa., 5 mis. N. E. of Kiilaiining. West Vienna, p. v. in Oneida co., N. Y., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 13 mis. N". by W. of Oneida. Pop., 113. West View, p. o. in the v. of Olmstead Falls, in Cuyahoga co., Ohio, on tlie Cleveland, Col- umbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 16 mis. W^. by S. of Cleveland. Pop. of v., 383. West View, p. o. in Alleghany CO., Pa. Westville, p. o. in Dale co., Ala. Westville, p. v. in New Haven CO., Conn., 3 mis. N. W. of New Haven. *WestviIle, p. v. in La Porte co., Ind., on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R., 12)^ mis. S. of Michigan City. Pop., 640. "Westville, p. o. in Montcalm co., Mich. Westville, p. v. and the co. seat of Simpson CO., Miss., 35 mis. S. E. of Jackson. One news- paper. Westville, p. v. in Chariton co., Mo., on the Muscle Fork of Chariton R., I8 mis. N. of KeytesviUe. Westville, p. v. in Gloucester co., N. J., on the West Jersey R. R., 5 mis. S. of Philadelphia. Pop. al^out 100. Westville, p. v. in Otsego co., N. Y., 6 mis. S. by E. of Cooperstown, the co. seat. "Westville, tn. in Franklin co., N. Y. Pop., 1,058 Westville, p. V. in Champaign co., Ohio, on the Piitsljufgli, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 4 mis. W. of Urbana. Pop. about 250. Westville, tn. in Matthews co., Va. Pop , 2,476. Westville Centre, p. v. in Franklin co., N. Y., 10 mis. N. W. of Malone on Ogdensburgh & Lake Champlain R. R. West Vincent, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., l,25ii. West Vincent, p. v in the above tn., 11 mis. W. of Phoenixville. "WEST VIRGINIA, one of the middle states; is bounded on the N. by Pa. and Md., on the E. and S. by Va. and on the W. by Ohio and Ky. It extends from 37° 6' to 39^ 37' N. lat. .and from 77° 43' to 82^-33' W. long. Its area is estimated to be 23,000 sq. mis., or 14,720,000 acres. The Ohio R. separates it from Ohio, the Potomac R. from Md., the Big Sandy R. from Ky. and several ranges of the Appalachian Mts. from "Va. Surface. — W. "Va. is elevated throughout and mostly mountainous. The south-eastern part of the state is traversed by mountain ranges, trending from the N. E. to S. W., and corres- ponds to the " Appalachian Country " of Va. Great Flat Top Mt. extends to the S. E. bound- ary of McDowell, Wyoming and Raleigh cos., and terminates on the western bank of the Great Kanawha R. It gives rise to the Big Sandy R. and projects several spurs in a north- westerly direction, as Cagey's Ridge, Barker's Ridge, Great Cherry Pond Sit. and other8. The Great Peters Mt. separates Mercer and Monroa COS. from "Va. The principal range of the Alle- ghanjf Mts. trends along the S. SV. border of Greenbrier and Pocahontas cos., and then con- tinues its N. E. trend to the banks of the upper course of the Potomac R. The part of the state lying E. of this range is intersected by a series of parallel mountains, inclosing narrow and exceedingly fertile valleys, which are drained by affluents of the Potomac. The most impor- tant of these ranges are the New Creek Mt., Patterson (reek Mt., the Middle Ridge, bound- ing the valley of the South Branch of the Po- tomac R. on the W., and the Great North Mt., forming the eastern boundary of Hardy and Hampshire cos. The cos. of Berkeley and Jef- ferson include the most northern section of the Shenandoah Valley and form the eastern ex- tremity of the state. West of the principal range of the Alleghany Mts. are the Greenbrier Mt., Rich Mt.andlthe several ridges which sepa- rate the source streams of the Cheat R., as the Middle Mt., Shavers Jit. and others. The western part of the stiite is a rolling table- land, gently sloping down from 2,.500 feet in the E. to 900 feet on the banks of the Ohio R., and may be termed the Trans-Appalachian Coun- trj'. It is intersected by tributaries of the Ohio R., which have eroded deep valleys, in many places a thousand feet below the general pla- teau level, so that navigable waters' deeply penetrate into it. The bottom-lands of these valleys are of wonderful fertility, while the up- lands are either well timbered or covered with beautiful meadow lands, well adapted to gra- zing and dairying. The Trans-Appalachian Country is traversed hy several broad-topped ranges, asGauley Mt., Kanawha Ridge, Guyan- dotle Mt. and Alum Mt. Rivers.— The two principal streams of W. Va. are the Ohio and Potomac. Both flow along its borders and drain the state with numerous affluents. The South Branch of the Potomac traverses a highly picturesque and fertile valley between the Patterson Creek Mt. and Branca Mt. The tributaries of the Potomac are New Cr., Patterson Cr., the Little and Great Cacapon Rs., Rock Cr., Opequan Cr. and the Shenandoah R. The Monongahela and Cheat Rs. drain the northern cos. of the state and unite in Pa. The other tributaries of the Ohio are Fishing Cr., Middle Island Cr., the Little Kanawha R., which empties near Parkersburgh, the Great Kanawha R., which empties near jMt. Pleasant, and the Guyandotte R. The Big Sandy R. and its eastern branch, the Tug Fork, form the west- ern boundary of W. Va. The Climale of W. Va. is similar to that of the Piedmont Country of Va., and the mean annual temperature varies between 52 and 54 degrees. Rain falls in all seasons of the year and in suffi- cient quantity to support a luxuriant vegeta- tion. It amounts to from 40 to 45 inches per annum. Popitlalion.—SV. Va. was, until 1861, a part of Va. In 1870 it had 442,014 inhabitaiits, of whom 424,033 were white .and 17,980 coloreil. The na- tives of the United States numberetl 442,014, of whom 381,296 were born in the state, 1.5,497 in Pa., 12,164 in Ohio, 1,359 in N. Y., 7,323 iu Md. and \ "U'EST VIRGINIA. 970 WEST VIRGINIA. 2,288 in Ky. The foreipni born population amounted to 17,0i)l, of whom 207 were natives of British America, 6,'23'2 of Germany, 1,811 of Engrland, 6,83'2 of Ireland, 746 of Scotland and 321 of Wales. The population of 10 years of ase and over numbered 30S,4'24, and in all classes of occupa- tions wore ciiLTafjred ll."),-2-2:i jiersons, viz : "3,!)00in agriculture, lt;,i;;H) in professional and personal services, G,8".»7 in trade and ti-ansportatiou and 17,673 in manufactures and mechanical and min- inp industries. Minerals and iiining.—W. Va. is esiiecially lieh in cannel, splint and bituminous coal, one or more of these varieties being found under- lying over 15,000 sq. mis. of territory, which be- long to the great Appalachian coal fleld, an ir- regular oval area, extending from northern Pa. to northern Ala.— in t he gorge of New R. — on the line of tlie Chesapeake & Ohio R. K., a canyon from l,-200 to 1,500 feet below the general level of the country. The lower coal measures have an exposed thickness of some 50 feet, and include a seam of ^ood coal of 6 feet. At many other localities seams of coal appear exposed in the blutfs and hill slo)ies, clearly showing the vast amount of this imlisiicnsabrc mineral underly- ing the state. Moreover, the coal beds are so accessible as to require no special skill in min- ing nor expenditure for drainage and ventila- tion. On the Little Kanawha U. are some of the most productive oil wells in the country, and millions of gallons are annually exporteil from them. In the .same region is miiied a solidi- fied petrokMim, highly valued for the manufac- ture of lubricating oils. This region is also underlaid by salt-bearing rocks; and artesian wells, which have been sunk at various points, especially on the navi- gable streams, produce u brine from which large quantities of salt are manufactured. On the (ireat Kanawha above Charleston, from '2,000,000 to 3,000,000 bushels of tlie verv best salt are annually turned out. One establishment, the Snow Hill, producing half a million bushels, that gives a bushel of salt to forty-flvc gal- lons from nine wells between 800 aiid 000 feet deep, ami mines the coal to evaporate it from the liills that overlook the works. Bromine is made from the waste at the same point. Iron ores, lire clay, valuable building materials, es- pecially saiulstones, as well as good glass- making sands, abound in many parts of the state. Ayricidliire. — W. Va. has an abundance of the most fertile laiuls, especially in the numerous river valleys, anil agriculture has heretofore been and still is the most important pursuit of the inhabitants. In 1870 it had 30,778 farms, of which 3,734 measured between 3 and 10 acres, 0,501 lietween 10 ami '20 acres, 13,158 between '20 and 50 acres, 0,077 between 50 ami 100 acres, 7,813 between 100 and .500 acres, ami '242 between 500 antl 1,000 acres. The farms ineluiled •2,.580,'2.54 acres of improved land (17.53 pi^r cent, of the area of the state), 4,3(>t,40j acres of woodland and 1,583,7.">5 acres of unimproved land. The cash value of farms was $101,()04,381 and of farming implements .<,-2,Il-2,037. The amount of wages paid was *l,S)0;j,788, and the estimated value of farm productions, including improve- ments and juUlitions to stock, was !J!'23,37i>,69-2. The products einisistcd of 3,o!)5 bush, of spring Avheat, '2,480,148 bush, of winter wheat, 8.107,8(;5 bush, of Imlian-eorn, .50,363 bush, of l)arlcv, S-2,016 bush, of buckwheat, l,0.T;i,.507 bush, of Irish potatoes, 46.084 bush, of sweet potatoes, ■2.0Ki,4.")-2 lbs. of tobacco, 1,,503,,>41 lbs. of wool, 5,014,475 lbs. of butter, 8-2,'27(« lbs. of flax, 4'.M),606 ll)s. of maple sugar, 780,8-20 gallons of sorghum molasses ami 'J24.164 tons of ha v. The live stock'had a value of ii(17,175,4'20, and comprised !I0,460 horses, '2,130 mules and asses, 104,4.i4 milch cows, 18,037 working oxen, 178,300 other cattle, 55-2,3'27 sheep and '268,031 swine. Manufactures.— "W . Va. had m 1870 2,444 iiianu> facturing establishments, usmg 500 steam en- gines of 17,13() horse-power and 683 water-wheels of 10,105 horse-power. They emploveil 11,67'2 hands, who received $4,322,164 in wages. The cai)ital invested amounted to $11, 084, .520, tho raw materials used had a value of $14,503,701, and the commodities produced a value of $24,- 102,'201. The principal pi-oducts of industry, with their respective values, were as follows: Forged ami rolled iron, ^,025,620 ; Tuiils and spikes of cut and wrought iron, $4,665,000; pig iron, $577,'200; flour and meal, $3,033,002; salt, $1,507,605; sawed lumber, $l,370,8i)0; woollen goods, $370,101; boots and shoes, $340,018, and rectified coal oil, $432,050. Commerce and Railroads. — The commerce of W. Va. consists in the importation of articles of consumption and the exportation of flour, iron, salt, coal anil coal oil and other products. The principal railroad lines of the state are tho Baltimore it Ohio 11. 11., the main line of which intersects it from the Jld. line to Wheeling (150 mis.), and from which tite Parkersburgh IJraneh turns otT at Grafton (00 mis.) ; tho Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., from the Va. state line to Huntington, on the Ohio R. ('200 mis.); the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. and the llcmplicld R. R. intersect the so-called " Panhandle," the northern extremity of the state, which lies lietween the Ohio R. and the Pa. state line. The total railroad mileage in 1873 was 480 mis. Wealth, Taxation and Debt. — According to the census for 1870 the real estate had an assessed value of $05,O'24,774, and the personal estate of $44,613,400, or both kinds of property of S140,')38,- 273. The true or estimated value of the same was $100,651,401. The taxation, not national, amounts to $I,7'22,158, of which sum $734,722 were state taxes, $555,885 county taxes and $431,551 town and city taxes. During the fiscal year ended on September 30, 1872, the treasury vcciMpts were $'^70,'234, of wiiich $128,678 was tin" unexpended balance on hand in the treasury from the iircccding year. The total disbursements were >i"i-^n,781, so as to leave a l)alance on hand of $28:>. t.")-.'. The esti- mated rii'cipts at till' treasury lor theyear end- ing Scptcml)er 30, 1873, were $640,308, aiid for the year ending September 1874, $660,908, while the disbursements for the same two years were estimatcil at $602,144 and $466,696 respeclivelj'. W. Va. has no state debt. It is, liowever, pro- bable that it will assume one-third of the debt of Va., as it stood before the separation of the obi state. The county debts amounted, in 1870, to $320,83.3, and the town and city debts to $231,- 934. Education, Press, etc. — In pursuance of a re- quirement of the new constitution, a system of public schools has been inangnrated, which has already made good progress, and promises to provide educational facilities for all the children of the state. A permanently invested school fund has lieen created, which, in 1872, amounted to $2.56,300. This fund will be in- creased from certain sources set apart by act of the legislature, and the interest derived from it will lighten the state and local tax levies for school purposes. A State Superin- tendent of Free Schools is elected biennially by the Legislature, and in each countj- there is a county superintendent, who examines teach- ers, visits schools within his county and I'e- ports annually to the State Superintendent. There were, in" 187'2, 2,479sehools and 2,216 school- houses, which had cost $1, ■236,104. The number of children of school age (from 6 to '20 years) was 170,0;r), Vint of these only 85,765, or about one half, attended school. The three normal schools (at Huntington, Fairmount and West Liberty) are In successful oiieration. The normal school at Huntington, called " Marshall College," was attended in WEST VIRGINIA. 971 WEST WINDSOR. 1S72 by 195 pupilg, 7S female and 117 male. The West Virginia University, at Morjiantown, was OFKanized in 18(57 and is doing good work. A military department ia connected witli it. The Press comprised, in 1870, 59 papers and periodicals, which had a circulation of 54,432. There were 4 dailies, 2 tri-weeklies, 48 weeklies, 2 semi-monthlies and 2 monthlies. Tlie charitable and penal institutions ai"e the Hospital for the Insane at Weston, founded in 1857, and the West Virginia Penitentiary at Moundsville. Oovernment. — W. Va. formed part of the com- monwealth of Va. lentil the latter seceded from the Union. In June, 1861, delegates from 39 cos. assembled at Wheeling to protest against the act of secession, and to organize a provisional government. Another convention met in Au- fust, 18iJl, and passed an ordinance providing or an election to bo held in October to decide upon the question of organizing a new state to be called the " State of Kanawha," embrac- ing 39 of the western cos. of Va. The constitu- tion of the new state was ratified by the peo- ple in May, 1862. Congress passed an act, ad- mitting tlie state on condition of the ailoption of certain amendments to the constitution. These changes were matle and ratified by the people, and on April 20, 1863, the President of United States declared, by proclamation, that the new constitution should take effect in 60 days from that date. In March, 1S()6, the cos. of Jefferson and Berkeley were recognize-d by Congress as annexed to the state of W. Va. Another convention was held, and the new con- stitution agreed upon in April 1872 was ratified in August. The male citizens of the state are entitled to vote at all elections held within the counties in which they reside, except persons who have not resided "in the state for one year, and in the county in which they offer to vote, for 60 days next preceding an election. The legislative power is vested in a Senate and House of Delegates, which are styled, " the Legislature of W. Va." The Senate is composed of 24 members, one-half of whom are elected biennially for the term of 4 years. The House is composed of Co Delegates, who are elected for two years. The Executive Department consists of a Gov- ernor, Secretary of Slate, State Superintendent of Free Schools, Auditor, Treasurer and Attor- ney General, who is ex-officio Reporter of the Court of Appeals. These officers ai-e elected by the legal voters of the state for a term of four years, commencing on March 4th next after their election. The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court of Appeals and in Circuit Courts and the judges thereof: in County and Corporation Courts and in Justices of the Peace. The Su- preme Court is composed of four judges, who are elected by the voters of the state for the term of twelve years. It has original jurisdic- tion in cases of habeas corpus, mandamus and prohibition, and appellate jurisdiction in civil cases wliere the matter in controversy exceeds $100 in value, exclusive of costs ; in contro- versies concerning the title or boundaries of land, probate of wills, the appointment or quali- fication of a personal representative, guarelian, committee or curator, or concerning a mill, roadway, ferry or landing, or the right of a corijoration or county to levy taxes. It has ap- pellate jurisdiction 'in criminal cases where there has been a conviction for felony or mis- demeanor in a Circuit Court, and where a con- viction has been had in any inferior court and been afflrined in a Circuit Court. The state is divided into nine circuits, for each of which a judge is elected by the voters thereof, who holds his office for a term of eight yeai-s. A circuit court is held in every county twice a year. The Circuit Courts have the supervision of all proceedings before the County Courts and other inferior tribunals, and with certain ex- ceptions have original and general jurisdiction, of all matters at law where the amount in con- troversy exceeds $50. They have appellate ju- risdiction in all cases of judgments, decrees and final orders rendered by the County Court where the matter in controversy exceeds $20 in value. In each county there is ji County Court, which is composed of a President and two .Justices of the Peace. It holds six sessions during the year. The President is elected by the voters of the county for four years. Each county is laid off into districts, not less than three nor more than ten in number, in each of which ono or two Justices of the Peace are elected by tlio voters thereof for four years. VV. Va. is divided into the following fifty-tour counties : Barbour, Berkeley, Boone, Braxton, Brooke, Cabell, Calhoun, Clay, Doddridge, Fay- ette, Gilmer, Grant, Greenbrier, Ilampshii'e, Hancock, Hardy, Harrison, .Jackson, .Jefferson, Kanawha, Lewis, Lincoln, Logan, Marion, Mar- shall, Mason, McDowell, Mercer, Mineral, Mo- nongalia, Monroe, Morgan, Nicholas, Ohio, Pen- dleton, Pleasants, Pocohontas, Preston, Put- nam, Raleigh, Randolph, Ritchie, Roane, Sum- mers, Taylor, Tucker, Tyler, Upshur, Wayne, Webster,"Wetzel, Wirt. \Vood and Wyoming. The state capital is Charleston, which has a population of 3,162. The other cities are Wlieel- ing, pop., 19,280; Parkersburgh, pop., 5.546. West Walwortb, p. v. in Wayne co., N. Y., 7 mis. N. of Macedon on New York Central R. R. West Wardsborong'h, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., 20 mis. E. of Arlington on Bennington & Rutland R. R. West Wareham, p. o. in the v. of Tremont, in Plymouth co., Mass., on Cape Cod li.R., at in- tersection of Fair Haven Branch of same, 45 mis. S. of Boston and 16 mis. N. E. of New Bedford. West Warren, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., on the Boston & Albany R. R., 2 mis. W. of AVarren and 28 mis. W. of Worcester. West Warren, p. v. in Bradford co., Pa., 15 mis. S. of Owego, N. Y. West Wasliing^ton, p. v. in Knox co., Me., 20 mis. B. by S. of Augusta. West Waterford, p. v. in Caledonia co., Vt., 7 nils. S. E. of St. Johnsbury, the co. seat. W^est Watcrville, p. v. in Kennebec co.. Me., on the Maine Central R. R., 6^^ mis. S. W. of Waterville. W^est Webster, p. v. in Monroe co., N. Y., 3 mis. N. E. of Rochester. West Wticatfield, tn. in Indiana co., Pa. Pop., 1.318. West Wheeling:, v. in Belmont co., Ohio, on the Ohio R., opposite Wheeling, W. Va. Pop., 407. West Whlteland, tn. in Chester co., Pa. Pop., 1,177. West Whlteland, p. o. in the v. of Oakland, in the above tn., on tlie Pennsylvania R. R., 5 nils. E. of Downingtown and 28 mis. W. of Philadelphia. W^est Willlamsfield, p. v. in Ashtabula co., Ohio, 7 nils. N. W. of McLean's Corners, Pa., on Erie & Pittsburgh R. R. West Wllling^ton, p. v. in Tolland co.. Conn., on the New London Northeru R. R., 14 mis. N. of Williniantic. West Wilton, v. in Franklin CO., Me., near Wilton. West Wilton, p. v. in Hillsborough co. N. H., 5 inls. W. of Wilton. West Winchester, v. in Cheshire CO., N. H., near Winchester on Ashuelot R. R. West Windham, p. o. in Rockingham co., West Windham, p. o. in Bradford co.. Pa. West Windsor, p. o. in the v. of Sevastopol WEST WINDSOR. 975 WHALAN. In Eaton co., Mich., on Sontliern Division of Chicago & Lake Huron R. R., 9 nils. N. E. of Charlotte and 10 mis. S. W. of Lansing. Pop. of V. about 25. West Windsor, tn. in Mercer co., N. J. Pop., 1,428. West Windsor, p. o. in Broome co., N. Y. West Windsor, p. o. in tlie v. of Windsor, in Richland co., Ohio, on the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., 8 mis. N. E. of Mansfield, the CO. seat. Pop. of V. about 100. West Windsor, tn. in Windsor co., Vt. Pop., 708. •West Wlnflcld, p. v. in Herkimer co., N". Y., on Richfield Springs Branch of Utica, Clienan- go & Susquehanna Valley R. R., 8 mis. S. E. of the junction at Cassville. One newspaper. * West Winsted, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., 1)4 mle. W. of Winsted. Location of import- ant manufivctories. West Winterport, p. o. in Waldo co.. Me. Westivood, V. in Woodford co., 111., a few tnls. S. E. of Eureka. Westwood, p. V. Bergen CO., X. J., onHacken- sack Branch of Erie R. R.,21 mis. N. of Jersey City. Westwood, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. West Woodstock, p. v. in Windham co.. Conn., 8 mis. S. W. of New Boston. "West Woodvllle, p. o. in Clermont co., Ohio. West Worthiuj^ton, p. v. in Hampshire co., Mass., 7^ mis. E. of Iliusdale on Boston & Albany 11. R. West Wreutliam, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., 6 nils. S. of Franklin on Norfolk County R. R. West Yarnioutli, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the Atlantic Ocean, 2i^ mis. W. of Hyannis on a Branch of Cape Cod R. R. West Yorkshire, p. o. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. West Zauesville, p. v. in Muskingum co., Ohio, in the forks of the Licking and JNIuskin- gum Rs., opposite Zanesville and on Central Ohio & Erie Divisions of Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Pop., 1,741 ; in 1860, 673. Wetaug-, p. V. in Pulaski co., 111., on Illinois Central R. R., 24 n:ils. N. of Cairo. Pop. about .SOO. Wet Glaze, p. o. in Camden co.. Mo. Wetheredville, p. v. in Baltimore co., Md., ^14 mis. N. W. of Baltimore. Wethersfleld, tn. in Hartford co., Conn. Pop., 2,6".i.i. Wethersfleld, p. v. In the above tn., on the right bank of the Connecticut R. and on the Connecticut Valley R. R., 4 mis. S. of Hart- ford. The site of tlie v. is a beautiful plain, arwl the streets are broad and finely shaded with elms. Seat of Connecticut State prison. Tlie surroundings are noted for horticultural W)roducts and fine seed gardens. ethersfield, tn. in Henry co.. 111. Pop., 1,247. Wethersfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 1 mle. S. of ivewanee ou the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. Wethersfleld, tn. in Wyoming co., N. Y. Pop., l,21i). Wethersfleld, p. v. in the above tn., 12 mis. S. W. of Warsaw, the co. seat. Pop.. 170. Wethersfleld Springs, p. v. in Wyoming CO., N. v., 7 mis. S. W. of VVarsaw, the co. seat. Wethin$;ton, v. in Crow Wing co., Minn., on North Pacific R. R., 17 mis. E. of Brainerd. Wetmore, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. central part, is intersected by the Dakota R., ami lies mainly on the Plateau du Coteau du Mis- souri. The eastern part of the co. is drained by the Crow R. and other aflluents of the IMissonri. Wetniorc, p. v. in Nemaha co., Kans., on the Cent ral Branch of the Union Pacific R. R., 42 nils. \V. of Atchison. Pop. about 250. Welmore, p. o. in Pike co., Ohio. Wetmore, tn. in McKean co., Pa. Pop., 721. Wetmore, v. in McKean co.. Pa., on the Phila- delphia & Erie R. R., 6 mis. N.W. of Kane. *Wetampka, p. v. and the co. seat of Elmore CO., Ala., on the Coosa R. at the head of navi- gation, 17 mis. N. by E. of Montgomery and 6 mis. E. of Elmore Station on Louisville, Nashville, Decatur & Montgomery line. An important shipping point and center of trade for a rich cotton-producing region. Pop., 1,137. Two newspapers. "Wetumpka, p. o. in Bedford co., Tenn. Wetzel, CO. in W. Va., N. part. Pop., 8,595 ; in 1S60, 6,703. It is bounded on the W. by the Ohio R., and is intersected by Fishing Cr. The surface is rolling and the soil of the val- ues productive. The Baltimore &Ohio R. R. passes through the co. New Martinsville is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 37,170 bush.; rye, 4,484 bush. ; ludian-coi-n, 193,111 bush.; oats, 06,122 bush.; Irish pot's, 19,209 bush.; sweet pot's, 119 bush.; butter, 119,393 lbs.; hay, 2,947 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,460,361. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $457,563. Value of manufactures, $83,847. Wever, p. o. in Lee co., Iowa. Weverton, or Wcaverville, p. v. in Wash- ington CO., Md., on the Potomac R., the Chesa- peake & Oliio Canal, and at the junction of the Main Line & Washington County Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 4 mis. E. of Harper's Ferry. The station is called Hagers- town Junction. Wevertown, p. v. in Warren co., N. Y., on the Adirondack R. R., 50 mis. N. of Saratoga. We Wo Ka, p. v. in tieminolc Nation, Ind. Ter., 180 mis. from Fort Smith, Ark. Wexford, co. in Mich., N. W. part. Area, 500 sq. nils. Pop., G.50. The surface is undulat- ing and the soil moderately productive. Man- istee R. intersects the N. part ; Pine R. the S. W. corner. Big and Little Clam lakes are in the S. part. Sherman is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 4,770 bush.; Indi- an-corn, 2,585 bush.; oats, 1,910 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,190 bush.; butter, 8,305 lbs.; hay, 243 tons. Cash value of farms, $89,900. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $54,818. Wexford, tn. in Wayne co., Mich. Pop., 259. Wexford, p. v. in Wexford co., Mich., 6 inls. N. of Sherman, the co. seat. ■Wexford, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., 14 mis. N. of Pittsburgh. Weyaawega, tn. in Waupaca co.. Wis. Pop., 1.243. *Weyanwega, p. v. in the above tn., on Wau- paca R. and on the Minnesota Division of the Wisconsin Central R. R., 7 mis. E. by S. of Waupaca, the co. seat. The river affords fine water-power and here are extensive lumber and flour mills. Two newspapers. Weybrldge, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 627. ■Weybridg'e L.ower Falls, p. v. in theabove tn., 5 mis. N. W. of Middlebury. Weymouth, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 9,010. Weymouth, p. v. in the above tn., on the South Shore R. R., 12 nils. S. of Boston. Two arms of Boston Harbor project into tlie town, atlording facilities for navigation. The spot is tlie scene of the adventures of Miles Stand- Ish. As an actual settlement it dates back to 1624. It is now a succession of villages, busily engaged in the manufacturo of boots and shoes. One newspaper. Weymouth, tn. in Atlantic co., N. J. Pop., 810. Weymouth, p. v. in the above tn., .51^ nils. S. of Elwood on the Camden & Atlantic R. R. Weymouth, p. v. in Medina CO., Ohio, 8 mis. N. of Medina, the co. seat. Whalan, p. v. in Fillmore co., Minn., on the Southern Minnesota R. R., 45 mis. W. of La Crosse. Pop. about 125. WHALEYSVILLE. 973 WHEELING. Whaleysville, p. v. in Worcester co., Mcl.,on llie Wicomico & Pocomoke R. R., 10 mis. E. of Salisbury. Pop., 150. Whallonsburg:ta, p. v. in Essex co., N. T., 5 nils. S. W. of Essex on Lake Champlain. "Wharton, tn. in Fayette co., Pa. Pop., 1,478. Wharton, tn. in Potter co., Pa. Pop., 287. "Wharton, p. o. in the above tn. "Wharton, co. in Tex., S. E. part. Area, 550 sq. nils. Pop., 3,426 ; in 1860, 3,380. The surface is level and the soil sandy and moderately fertile. The county is bounded N. E. by the San Bernard R. and intersected from N. W. to S. E. by the Colorado R. Wharton is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian- corn, 143,000 bush.; Irish pot's, 165 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,540 bush.; cotton, 1,217 bales. Cash value of farms, $332,345. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $162,521. "Wharton, p. v. and the co. seat of Wharton CO., Tex., on the Colorado R., 55 mis. W. S. W. of Houston and 50 mis. N. of Matagorda. "Whartonsbnrg^h, p. v. in Wyandot co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R., 5 mis. N. E. of Forest. Pop. about 200. "Wharton's Creels, tn. in Madison co., Ark. Pop., 84. "What Cheer, p. v. in Keokuk co., Iowa, 9 mis. N. \V. of Sigourney, the co. seat. "Whatcom, co. in '(Vash. Ter., N. part. Pop., 534 ; in 1860, .352. It extends from the Cascade Mts. ill theE.totheStraitof Greorgiain the W. The surface along the sea-coast is low and level for a distance of about 10 mis. The re- mainder is occupied by the Cascade Mts. The CO. is drained hy the Soolcsaht R. and the Skagit R. Seliome is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870; Wheat, 1,275 bush.; Indian- corn, 102 bush.; oats, 5,430 bush.; Irish pot's, 28,600 bush.; butter, 16,600 lbs.; hay, 1,364 tons. Cash value of fairas, $173,865. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $108,328. "Value of manufactures, $70,045. "Whatcom, v. in the above co., on the E. shore of UuUingham B. at outlet of Whatcom Lake. A shipping point for the bay coal mines. Pop., 2.iS. "Whately, tn. in Franklin co., Mass. Pop., 1,068. "Whately, p. v. in the above tn., IJ^ mle. W. of East Whately on the Connecticut River R. R. "Wheattield, p. o. in Sangamon co.. 111. "Wheatfield, tn. in Jasper co., Ind. Pop., 103. "Wheatfield, tn. in Ingham co., Mich. Pop., 78.!. "Wheatfield, tn. in Niagara co., N. Y. Pop., 3,40*3. "Wheatfield, tn. in Perry co., Pa. Pop., 780. "Wheatland, p. o. in Yuba co., Cal. "Wheatland, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., 1,.336. "Wheatland, tn. in Bureau co., Ill Pop., 492. "Wheatland, tn. in Fayette co., 111. Pop., 871. Wheatland, tn. in Will co.. 111. Pop., 1,133. Wheatland, v. in Blacon co.. 111., on Illinois Central R. R., 5 mis. S. of Decatur, the co. seat. Tlie p. o. is Elwin. Wheatland, p. v. in Knox CO., Ind., on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., 12 mis. E. of Vin- cennes. Pop. about 40. Wheatland, v. in Johnson co., Ind. (See Wliiteland, the p. o.) * Wheatland, p. v. in Clinton co., Iowa, at in- tersection of the Davenport & St. Paul R. R. with the Omalia line of Chicago & Northwest- ern R. R., 33 mis. N. of Davenport and 16 mis. W. of De Witt. An active shipping point ■with growing manufacturing interests. Pop., 788. "Wheatland, tn. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop., 1..513. Wheatland, tn. in Mecosta co., Mich. Pop., 4(W. Wheatland, p. o. in Wexford co., Micli. "Wheatland, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., 681. Wheatland, p. o. in the above tn. Wheatland, p. v. in Hickory CO., Mo., 8 mis. W. of Hermitage, the co. seat. Pop., 80. One newspaper. Wheatland, v. in Morgan co.. Mo., a few mis. N. of Vei-sailles, the co. seat. The p. o. is St. Martin's. Wheatland, p. o. in Ocean co., N. J. Wheatland, tn. in Monroe co., N. Y. Pop., 2,5iJ5. "Wheatland, p. v. in Yam Hill co., Cceg., about 12 mis. N. of Salem. Wheatland, p. v. in Mercer co., I'a., on She- nango R., Beaver & Erie Canal and Erie SB Pittsburgh R. R., 18 mis. N. of Newcastle. Pop. about 1,000. "Wheatland, p. o. in Loudoun co., "Va. "Wheatland, tn. in Kenosha co.. Wis. Pop., 843. Wheatland, p. v. in the above tn., 4 mis. N. W. of Fox River Station on the Kenosha Divi- sion of Chicago & Northwestern R. R. Wheatland, tn. in "V^ernon co.. Wis. Pop., 697. Wheatland Centre, p. o. in Hillsdale co., Mich. Wheatland Fnrnace, v. in Mercer co., Pa., on the Beaver & Erie Canal and the Erie & Pittsburgh R. R., just below Wheatland. "Wheatland Mills, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. *Wheaton, p. v. and the co. seat of Du Page CO., 111., on the Galena Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 25 mis. W. of Chicago. Its surroundings are richly agricultural. Pop., 998. One newspaper. Wheaton, v. in Wayne tn., Tippecanoe CO., Ind. Pop., 87. Wheaton, p. v. in Montgomery co., Md., 10 mis. N. of Washington, D. C. Wheatland, tn. in Chippewa co., Wis. Pop., 799. Wheat Rid^e, p. o. in Adams co., Oliio. Wheatville, p. v. in Genesee co., N. Y., II mis. N. W. of Batavia, the co. seat. Wheatville, p. o. in Titus co., Tex. Wheatville, p. o. in Crawford co., Wis. Wheeler, p. o. in Washington co.. Ark. Wheeler, p. v. in Porter co., Ind., on the Pitts- burgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Valparaiso, the co. seat. "Wheeler, tn. in Gratiot co., Mich. Pop., 231. Wheeler, p. v. in the above tn., on Saginaw Valley & St. Louis R. R., 25 mis. W. of Sagi- naw. Wheeler, tn. in Steuben co., N. Y. Pop., 1,330. Wheeler, p. v. in the above tn., 8 mis. N. of Bath. Wheeler, p. v. in Mercer co.. Pa., near West Midtllesex. Wheelersbnrg^h, p. v. in Scioto co., Ohio, near the Ohio R., 3 mis. above Sciotoville, Pop., 3.58. Wheeler's Grove, p. o. in Pottawattamie co., Iowa. Wheeler Station, p. o. in Lawrpnce co., Ala. Wheeling, tn. in Cook co., 111. Pop., 1,83.5. Wheeling:, p. v. in the above tn., 7 mis. N. of Des Plalnes. Wheeling, p. v. in Delaware co., Ind., 12 mis. N. by W. of Muncy, the co. seat. Wheeling, p. v. in Marion co., Iowa, 15 mis. N. W. of Knoxville the co. seat. Wheeling, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., 864. Wheeling, p. o. in the above tn. Wheeling, tn. in Livingston co.. Mo. Pop., 249. Wheeling, p. v. in the above tn., on the Han- nibal & St. Joseph R. R., 9 mis. E. of Chilli- cot he, the co. seat. Pop. about 100. W^heeling, tn. in Guernsey co., Ohio. Pop., 1,090. Wheeling, tn. in Belmont co., Ohio. Pop., 1.240. * Wheeling, city, and co. seat of Ohioco., W. Va.; is situated on the E. bank of the Ohio R. and on both sides of Wheeling Cr., 93 mis. be- WHEELOCK. 974 WHITE. low Pittsbtirgh and 379 mis. by rail W. by N. of IJaltiMiorc. Tho city occupies an alluvial plain cxtentling some three miles along the K. and .shut in on the east by hills. It is sub- stantially built, but not prepossessing in ap- pearance owing to the large use of bitumin- ous coal in its manufactories. It is advan- tageously situated for river commerce, and in 187'2 its commercial fleet numbered 136 ves- sels witli a capacity of 14,000 tons. Its situa- tion for inland commerce is equally eligible, being at the N. W. terminus of the "Wheeling Division of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., at W. terminus of Wheeling & Pittsburgh (Hemp- fleld) R. R., and connected by a beautiful wire suspension bridge over the Ohio with Bridge- port, a station on tlie River Division of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh R. R. The surround- ings are rich in coal-bearing and petroleum formations, and mining is an important in- terest. The contiguity of the coal-flelds adapts the city for a manufacturing center, and in industries of tliis class it occupies a prominent position. The total number of manufacturing establishments in ISTOapproxi- niated '270, employing 7,000 horse-power, near- ly 4,000 hands and a capital of .t4,000,0()0, pay- ing $-2,000,000 in wages, using material to tlie extent of .$fj,500,000, and turning out an annual product of $10,500,000. The range of manu- factured articles is wide, covering iron in all its varieties, nails, glassware, cotton goods, • wire, flour, woollen goods, machinery, silk goods, white lead, etc. Wheeling became the CO. seat in 1797, It was tlie capital of the state for a short period after separation of W. Va. fi-oni Va. In 1S02 it contained 70 houses. Pop., in 1820, ],i567; in 1830. 5,221; in 1840, 7,88.5; in 18.50, 11,391 ; in 1860, 14,083; in 1870, 19,280, 15,127 of whom were natives of the United States and 4,1.53 foreign born. Nine newspapers are published here, of which the " Intelligencer " and " Register " are dailies. Wlieelock, p. o. in Choctaw Nation, Ind. Ter. "Wheelock, p. v in Robertson co., Tex., 9 mis. from Owcnsville. Wlieeloolt, tn. in Caledonia CO., Vt. Pop., 822. Wheelock, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. N. W. of Lyndonville Station on the Connecticut & Passnnipsic Rivers R. R. Whcctie,v» p. o. in Monroe CO., Ark, Wliethani, p. v. in Clinton Co., Pa., on West Branch of Susquehanna R. and on Philadel- phia &ErteR. R., 15mls. N. W. of Lock Haven. Pop. about 50. Wlictstoiie, p. o. in Wright co.. Mo. "^Vhetstoiie, p. o. in Morrow co., Oliio. Whetstone, tn. in Crawford co., Ohio. Pop., l.liiO. Whetstone River, a tributary of the Sciota R. in Ohio; rises in Morrow co. and flows through Crawford, Marion, Delaware and Franlvlin cos. Whiff Valley, p. v. in Holt co., Mo., near Nodaway R. and IVA mis. X. E. of Bigelow on Kansas City, St. tfoseph & Council Blutfs R. R. M^hisviUe, p. o. in Noble co., Ohio. ■Whilden's Factory, p. o. in Greenville dis- trict, s. r. Whii»j>any, p. v. in Morris CO., N. J., 4 mis. E. of M:)r)-isiown, the co. seat. Whipj)le, p. V. in Washington CO., Ohio, on JNIarietta & Pittsburgh R. R., 13 mis. N. of Ma- rietta, the CO. seat. Whippoorwlll, p. o. in Laurel CO., Ky. Whippy Swamp, v. in Beaufort district, S. C, 25 tnls. S. W. of Edisto Station on Soutli Carolina R. R. Whiskey Kan, tn. in Crawford co., Ind. Pop., 1.127. Whistler, p. v. in Mobile co., Ala., on the Mobile & Ohio R. R., 5 mis. N. N. AV. of Mobile. Seat of railroad company's repair shops. Pop. about 500. Wtaltaker's, p. v. in Edgecombe co., N. C, on Wilmington & Weldon R. R., 25 mis. S. of AVeldon. Whitby, V. in Mecklenburgh co., Va., on Roan- oke R.. 12 mis. N. of Ridgeway, N. C, on Raleigh & Oraston R. R. Whitcomb, p. o. in Franklin co., Ind. White, CO. in Ark., central part. Area about 1,000 sq. mis. Pop., 10,.347; in 1860, 8,310. The surface is generally undulating; the soil pro- ductive. The E. boundary is formed by the White R., and the S. boundary by the Bayou des Arcs, whicli rises in the western part. Searcy is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 5..5()7 bush.; Indian-corn, SiJ.fiOS bush.; oats, 21,0.39 bush.; Irish pot'.s, 11,613 bush.; sweet pot's, 21,816 bush.; tobacco, 8.211 lbs.; cotton, 4,925 bales. Cash value of farms, $.532,877. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $900,131. Value of manufactures. $88,310. White, tn. in Ashley co , Ark. Pop., 442. White, tn. in Newton co.. Ark. Pop., 615. White, tn. in Pike co., .\rk. Pop., 401. White, tn. in Polk co.. Ark. Pop., 293. White, p. o. in Woodruff co., Ark. White, CO. in Ga., N. E. part. Area about 160 sq. mis. Pop., 4,606; in 1860, 3.315. The Blue Ridge forms the tlie northern boundary. The Santee R., a branch of tlie Chattahoochee, forms the eastern. The surface is mostly mountainous and the area of farm lands much restricted. Cleveland is tho co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8,148 bush.; rye, 1,657 bush.; Indian-corn, 80,811 bush.; oats, 8,067 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,218 bush.; sweet pot's, 8,899 bush.; butter, 22,475 lbs. Cash value of farms, $2*4,098. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $163,118. Value of manufactures, !?;23..504. White, CO. in 111., S. E. part. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 16,846 ; in 1860, 12,40;i. The sur- face consists mostlj' of rolling prairies, which have a very fertile'soil. It is separated from Indiana on the E. by the AVabash R., and is intersected by the Little Wabash R. Tho Springfleld & ininois Southeastern R. R.^ the St. Louis & Southeastern R. R. and the Cairo & A'incennes R. R. pass through the co. Carmi is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 184,321 bush.; rye, 418 bush.; In- dian-corn. 870,521 bush.; oats, 119,65:1 bush.; Irish pot's, 27,291 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,61)9 bush.; butter, 142,362 lbs.; hay 0,026 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,264,489. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including a. of v. about 200. White "Mills, p. v. in Hardin co., Ky., 6 mis. W. of Nolin on Louisville & Nashville R. R. White Mills, p. v. in Wayne co., Pa., on the Delaware cJt Hudson Canal and Honesdale Branch of the Erie R. R., 4 rals. S. by E. of Honesilale. White Mound, p. v. in .Jewell co., Kans., on White Rnclc Cr., 3(3 mis. from its mouth. "White Mound, p. o. in Sauk eo., Wis. White Mountains. (See N. H., page 625.) "White Oak, tn. in Franklin co.. Ark. Pop., 2.1()0. White Oak, tn. in Jefferson co., Ark. Pop., 210. White Oak, p. o. in .Jefferson co., Ark. White OaK, tn. in El Dorado co., Cal. Pop., 751. White Oak, p. o. in Columbia co., Ga. White Oak, p. o. in Montgomery co., 111. White Oak, tn. in McLean co., 111. Pop.. !>.32. White Oak, tn. in Mahaska CO., Iowa. Pop., 1,0:«. White Oak, p. v. in the above tn.,9 mis. E. of Oskaloosa. the co. seat. White Oak, tn. in Warren co., Iowa. Pop., 6H5. White Oak, v. in Bath co., Ky.,a few mis. N. of Owingsville, the co. seat. White Oak, tn. in Ingham co., Mich. Pop., 979. White Oak, p. o. in the above tn. White Oak, tn. in Harrison co., Mo. Pop., "White Oak, tn. in Henry co.. Mo. Pop., 1,357. White Oak, tn. in Highland co., Ohio. Pop., 1.0.52. "White Oak, p. o. in Lancaster co.. Pa. White Oak, v. in Fairfield district, S. C, on Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta R. R, Smls. N, of Wiunsborough, the co. scat. Pop. about .50. White Oak, p. o. in Hopkins co., Tex. "White Oak, p.o. in Ritchie co., W. Va. White Oak Oap, p. o. in Pulaski co., Ky. White Oak Grove, v. in Pike co., Liid., 15 mis. S. of Washington. White Oak Orovie, p. o. in Greene co., Mo. White Oak Hall, p. o. in Polk co., N. C. White Oak Mountain, a broad mountain range in Raleigh co., W. Va.; lies near the W. bank of the Great Kanawha R. White Oak Sprini^s, p. o. in Brown co., IIL White Oak Springs, p. o. in Lee CO., Va. White Oak Spring's, tn. In La Fayette CO., AVis. Pop., .540. White Oak Springs, p. v. in the above tn., S]^ mis. N. of Scales Mound on Illinois Cen- tral R. R. White Pigeon, p. o. in Keokuk co., Iowa. White Pigeon, tn. in St. Joseph co., Mich. Pop., 1.833. White Pigeon, p. v. in the above tn., at junc- tion of Lake Shore with the Micliigan South- ern R. R. and at S. terminus of Michigan Di- vision of same road.s, 37 mis. S.of Kalamazoo and 19 E. by N. of Elkhart. It is in the midst of a fine prairie and farming district. Pop., 922. White Pine, co. in Nev., E. part. Pop., 7,189, It borders on Utah Ter , and is intersected from N. to S. by the following mountain ranges: Goshoot Mts., Towano Mts., Ungo- weah Mts., Egan Mts., Pancake Mts. and the northern extiemity of the Hot Creek Range. Gold and silver mining is the principal occu- pation of the Inhabitants, but has of late not proved so successful as in former years. The once populous towns of Hamilton and Treas- ,ure Hill are fast approaching abandonment. Tlie agricultural resources are good, and several of the valleys, as Steptoe, Spring and White River, have rich, arable lands, which with irrigation produce excellent crops. In the Pancake Range, 22 mis. due E. from Eu- reka, have been found some coal veins of a superior quality. Hamilton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Irish pot's, 23,875 bush.; butter, 8,900 lbs.; hay, 0,318 tons. Cash value of farms, $120,400. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $220,129. Value of manu- factures, $3,089,290. White Pine, p. v. in Tiycoming co., Pa., 15 mis. N. W. of Cogan Valley Station on Wil- liamsport & Elmlra R. R. White Pine, p. o. in Jetferson co., Tenn. "White Pine, p. o. in Calhoun co., W. Va. White Pine Range, in Nev., trends N. and S. through Nye and Lander cos., E. of White Pine Vallej". It has many productive sUver mines. White Plains, p. o. in Greene co., Ga. White Plains, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. White Plains, tn. in AVestchester co., N. Y. Pop., 2,o;w. * White Plains, p. v. in the above tn. andsemi- co. seat, on the New York & Harlem K. R., 26 mis. N. by E. of New York ; location of sever- al fine educational institutions. White Plains, p. o. in Chesterfield district s. c. White Plains, p. o. in Putnam co., Tenn. "White Plains, p. v. in Brunswick co., Va., IS mis. S. W. of Lawrenceville, the co. seat. WHITE POND. 977 WHITESTONE. White Pond, p. o. in Barbour co., Ala. Whiteport, p. o. in Ulster co., N. Y. White Post, tn. in Pulaski co., Ind. Pop., 785. White Post, p. o. in Montgomery co., Kans. White Post, p. o. in Clarke co., Va. White Kivcr, in Mich.; a tributary of Lake Michigan; rises in Newaygo CO., flows through Occiina and Muskegon cos., and has a S. \V. course. White River, a tributary of the Connecticut R.; rises in the Green Sits., and flows in an easterly direction through Windsor co., Vt. White River, a tributary of the Wabash R. in Ind.; is formed by the East and West Forks, which unite at the S. W. corner of Daviess co., 5 mis. N. E. of Petersburgh. It has a south- westerly course, and empties opposite Mt. Carmel, 111. The West Fork rises in Randolph CO., and intersects the middle portion of the state. In high water boats ascend to Martins- ville, 200 mis. above the mouth of the main streams. The East Fork or Driftwood Branch rises in Henry co., and has a south-westerly course. It is navigable in high water to Rock- ford. Its chief tributaries are Muscacticuck and Lost Rs. White River, a tributary of the Mississippi ; rises in the Ozark Mts. of Madison and Wash- ington COS., Ark., with a number of small branches or forks. It then flows N. K., inter- sects Stone and Taney cos.. Mo., and re-enter- ing Ark., flows through the eastern part of this state. It empties into the Mississippi in Desha co., 15 mis. above the mouth of the Arkansas, to which stream it also sends a branch. It is ov^er 900 mis. long, and is navi- gable for nearly 300 mis. The principal tribu- taries are Buffalo Fork, North Fork, Black R. and Little Red R. White River, a tributary of tbe Green R. in Utah Ter.; rises in the Wahsatch Mts., and flowing S. E. through San Pete co. empties near the northern boundary of Sevier co. White River, a tributary of the Missouri R. in Dak. Ter.; rises in N. W. Neb., and has an easterly course. White River, tn. in Benton co.. Ark. Pop., 1.31.x White River, tn. in Independence co.. Ark. Pop., 1.I7-2. White River,, p. o. in Desha Co., Ark. White River, tn. in Izard Co., Ark. Pop., 3li(>. White River, tn. in Prairie co., Ark. Pop., 997. White River, tn. in Washington co., Ark. Pop..l,oi.i. White River, tn. in White CO., Ark. Pop., 60. White River, tn. in Woodruff co., Ark. Pop., 944. White River, tn. in Tulare co., Cal. Pop., 120. White River, p. o. in Tulare co., Cal. White River, p. o. in Summit Co., Colo. Ter. White River, tn. in Gibson co., Ind. Pop., 2,174. White River, tn. in Hamilton co., Ind. Pop., 2,047. White River, tn. in Johnson co., Ind. Pop , 1,7.55. White River, tn. in Randolph co., Ind. Pop., 4,0(59. White River, tn. in Muskegon co., Mich. Pop., 1,4.t2. White River, p. v. in the above tn., on Wliite Lake, S mis. W. of White Hall. White River, p. o. in King co.. Wash. Ter. White River, tn. in Barry co.. Mo. Pop., 75t;. *White River Junction, p. v. in Windsor CO., Vt., at the confluence of White and Con- necticut Rs. An important railway center, being situated on the Vermont Central R. K., at S. terminus of Connecticut & Passumpsic 62 Rivers R. R., and at N. W. terminus of North- ern New Hampshire R. R., 142 mis. fi-om Boston, 260 from New York and 104 from Burlington. White Road, p. o. in Forsyth co., N. C. White Rock, tn. in Franklin co.. Ark. Pop., 2«0. White Rock, tn. in Ogle CO., 111. Pop., 999. White Rock, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. W. of Oregon, the co. seat. White Rock, p. o. in Republic co., Kans. White Rock, p. v. in Cumberland co., Me., on the Portland & Ogdensburgh R. R., 13 mis. N. W. of Portland. White Rock, tn. in Huron co., Mich. Pop., 270. White Rock, p. v. in the above tn., on Laka Huron, .54 mis. N. of Port Huron. White Rock, p. o. in Goodhue co., Minn. White Rock, tn. in McDonald co.. Mo. Pop.. 344. White Rock, p. o. in Madison co., N. C. White Rock, p. v. in Hunt co., Tex., 10 mis. from Greenville, the co. seat. White Rock, p. o. in Bedford co., Va. White's, p. o. in Caroline co., Va. White Salmon, p. o. in Klikitat co., Wash. Ter. White's Bend, p. o. in Davidson co., Tenn. Whitesborong'h, v. in Oneida co., N. Y. (See Whitestown, the p. o.) Whitesboron^h, p. v. in Grayson co., Tex., 12 mis. S. W. of Sherman, the co. seat. 'Whitesburgh, p. o. in Madison co., Ala. Whitesbnrgh, p. v. and the co. seat of Letch- er CO. ,KJ^, on N. Fork of Kentucky R., near the W. base of the Cumberland Mts. Pop., inclusive of district, l,0ii0. Whitesburgh, p. o. in Carroll co., Ga. Whitesburgh, p. o. Genesee co., Mich, W^hite««burs:h, p. o. in Armstrong co.. Pa. Whitesburgh, p. v. in Hamblen CO., Tenn., on the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia R. R., near Morristowu, the co. seat. Pop., ineludino; district, 518. White's Corner, p. o. in Waldo co.. Me. White's Corners, p. o. in Potter CO., Pa. "White's Creek, p. o. in Davidson co., Tenn. White's Creek, p. o. in Wayne co., W. Va. W^hite Shoals, tn. in Lee co., Va. Pop., 2,750. Whiteside, p. v. in Marion co., Tenn., on the Nashville & Chattanooga R. R., 14 mis. W. by S. of Chattanooga. Pop. about 200. W^hitesides, co. in 111., N. W. part. Area, 694 sq. mis. Pop., 27,503; in 1860, 18,737. The sur- face consists largely of prairies, and the soil is exceedingly fertile. It is bounded W. by the Mississippi R., which separates it from. Iowa, and intei'sected by Rock R., which forms part of the S. W. boundary. The Chicago & Northwestern R. R., the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. and the Rochester, Rockford & St. Louis R. R. pass through the co. Mor- rison is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in. 1870: Wheat, 457,719 bush.; rye, 31,658 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,162,943 bush.; oats, 880,838 bush.; Irish pot's, 219,476 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,.S28 bush.; butter, 732,.591 lbs.; hay, 54,833 tons. Cash value of farms, $12,632,720. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $3,085,329. Value of manufactures, $1,846,085. White's Mills, v. in Rush co., Ind., 2 mis., from Starr. White's Mills, p. o. in Lo^an co., AV. Va. White Spring's, p. o. in Elamilton CO., Fla. White's Station, p. v. in Calhoun co., Mich., on Michigan Central R. R., 7 mis. \V. of Mar- shall, the CO. seat. White's Station, p. o. in the y. of White's in Shelby co., Tenn., on the Memphis & Charles- ton r! R., 9 nils. E. by S. of Memphis. W^hite's Store, p. o; in Chenango oo., N. Y. White's Store, p. o. in Anson co., N. C. White's Store, p. o. in Sullivan co., Tenn. Whitestoue, p. v. in Queens co., N. Y., on. WHITESTONE. 978 WHITLEY. Long Island Sound at terminus of the Flush- ing & North Side R. R. Has extensive com- mercial and maiuifacturing interests. Pop., 1,907. One newspaper. Whitestone, tn. in Lancaster CO., Ta. Pop., 2,07S. Whitcstown, p. v. in Boone co., Ind., on the Indianajiolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette R. R., 21 inls. N. W. of Indianapolis. Pop. about250. Whitcstown, tn. in Oneida CO., N. Y. Pop., 4.;i.S!t. 'Whitcstown, p. o. in the v. of Whitesborough in the above tn., on the New York Central R. R. and Erit; Canal, 10 nils. S. E. of Rome and 4 mis. N. W. of Utica. Pop. of v., 904. One newspaper. Whitestown., p. v. in Butler CO., Pa., 7 mis. W. by N. Of Butler, the co. seat. Whitcstowu, tn. in Vernon co.. Wis. Pop., («7. White Sulphur, p. o. Scott co., Ky. White Sulphur, p. v. in Delaware CO., Ohio, on tin- .spiniiLrfleid Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 6 mis. W. by s. of Delaware, the co. seat. White Sulphur, tn. in Greenbrier co., W. Va. Pojx, 97(>. White Sulphur Spring's, p. o. in Meriweth- er CO., Ga. White Sulphur Springs, v. in Bath co.,Ky., 12 mis. S. K. of OwiIlgs^'^lle, the co. seat. White Sulphur Springs, v. in Union CO., Ky., a fi'w inls. S. E. of Morganfleld. White Sulphur Springs, p. o. in Catahoula parish, La. *White Sulphur Springs, p. v. in Green- brier CO.. W. Va., on Chesapeake & Ohio R. R., 91 mis. \V^ of Staunton and 227 mis. W. of Rich- mond. This celebrated watering place is beau- tifully situated in a valley 7 mis. W. of the Al- leghany Mts. Here are several fine hotels, numerous cottages, and abundance of mine- ral waters. White's Valley, p. o. in Wayne co., Pa. Whitesville, p. V. in Harris co., Ga., 11 mis. S. E. of West Point. Whitesville, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ind., on the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R. R., 6V^ mis. S. E. of Crawfordsville, the co. seat. Pop., 129. Whitesville, p. v. in Daviess co., Ky., 15 mis. S. E. of Owonsborough, the co. seat. Pop., 257. Whitesville, v. in Wilkinson co.. Miss., 10 mis. S. E. of Woodville, the co. seat. Whitesville, p. v. in Andrew co., Mo., 5^^ mis. E. of Kosendale on Kansas City, St. Jo- seph & Council BlulTs R. R. Whitesville, p. V. in Allegany co., N. Y., 12 mis. S. E of Wellsville on Erie' R. R. Whitesville, p. v. and tlie co. seat of Colum- bus CO., N. C, on the Wilmington & Weldon R. K. and Wilmington, Columbia & Augusta R. H., 45 mis. W. of Wilmington. Pop., 104. Whitesville, p. o. in Halifax co., Va. White Swan, p. V. in Charles Mix co., Dak. Ter. White Swan, p. o. in Kent co., Mich. Whiteville, tn. in Jefferson co.. Ark. Pop., W^hitcville, tn. in Marion co.. Ark. Pop., 314. Whiteville, p. V. in the above tn., 5mls. E. of Sherman on White R. Whiteville, p. V. in Hardeman co., Tenn., 11 nils. N. W. of Bolivar, the co. seat. White Water, p. o. in Pike co., Ala. White Water, p. v. in Wayne CO., Ind., 9 mis. N. of Kichmond. Pop., 144. White Water, tn. in 1 ranklin CO., Ind. Pop., i.4(;7. White Water, tn. in Dubuque co., Iowa. Pop.. l,l(i(l. White Water, tn. in Grand Traverse co., Mich. I'op., 510. White Water, tn. In Winona co., Minn. Pop., White W^ater, tn. in Cape Girardeau co.. Mo. Poll., l,22ti. White Water, tn. In Hamilton co., Ohio. Pop., I,fi09. Whitewater, tn. in Walworth co.. Wis. Pop., 4,2S5. •Whitewater, p. v. in the above tn., on the Prairie du Chien Division of the Chicago, Mil- waukee & St. Paul R. R., 51 mis. W. by S. of Milwaukee. Has fine agricultural surround- ings, an active trade, and is the seat of a .State Normal School. One newspaper. White Water Falls, p. o. in Winona co., Minn. White Willow, p. o. in Kendall co.. 111. Whitewood, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. Whitlield, co. in Ga., N. W. part. Area, 286 sq. mis. Pop., 10,117; in 1860, 10,047. It bor- ders on Tenn, in the N. and on the Conasauga R. in the E. Several chains of mountains traverse the co. from N. to S. and inclose fer- tile valleys. The Western & Atlanta R. R. in- tersects the CO. Dalton is the co. scat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 48,8(50 bush.; rve, 275 bush.; Indian-corn, 13.5,007 bush.; oats, 33.120 bush.; Irish pot's, 3,851 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,563 bush.; butter, 97,510 lbs.; hay, 703 tons. Cash value of farms, $996,354. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $426,120. Value of manu- factures, $463,163. Whitfield, p. o. in Hickman CO., Tenn. Whiting, p. o. in Escambia Co., Ala. Whiting, p. o. in Lake Co., Ind. Whiting, ]■). V. in Jackson co., Kans., on Cen- tral Branch of Union Pacific R. K., 31 mis. by rail W. of Atchison. Whiting, tn. in Washington co.. Me. Pop., 414. Whiting, p. V. in the above tn., midway be- tween Eastport and Machias. Whiting, p. V. in Ocean co., N. J., on New Jer- sey Southern R. R. at junction and N. ter- minus of Vineland Division of same and N. terminus of Puckcrton B. B., 47 mis. S. by W. of New York. Whiting, tn. in Addison co., Vt. Pop., 4.30. Whiting, p. V. in the above tn., 3 mis. W. of Whiting Station on Rutland Division of Ver mont Central R. R. Whltlnghain, tn.in Windham co., Vt. Pop. 1,263. Whitingham, p. v. in the above tn., 21 mis. W. by S. of Brattleborough. Whiting Station, V. in Addison CO., Vt., on the Rutland Division of Vermont Central R. R., 11 mis. S. of Middlebury, the co. seat. Whitinsville, p. v. in AVorecster co., Mass., 1)4 mle. N. W. of Whitin's St^ition on Provi- dence & Worcester R. R. Has large manufac- tories of cotton machinery, cotton goods, boots and shoes and extensive granite quar- ries. One newspaper. Whitley, CO. in Ind., N. E. ]xirt. Area, 326 sq. • mis. Pop., 14,501; in 1860, 10.730. The co. is intersected from N. E. to S. W. by the Eel R. The northern part of the co. is vindulatiug ; the southern is level. The soil is generally productive. The Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne x Chicago R. R. passes througli the co. Columbia City is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 290,506 bush.; rye, 2,913 bush.; Indian- corn, 192,813 bush.; oats, 88,595 bush.; Irish pot's, 42,454 bush.; sweet pot's, 343 bush.; but- ter, 257,517 lbs.; hay, 12,199 tons. Cash value of farms, $6,473,308. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, inclmling additions to stock, etc., $1,072,044. Value of manufac- tures, $442,194. Whitley, CO. in Ky., S. E. part. Area, .563 sq. mis. Pop., 8,278; in 1860,7,762. It borders in the S. on Tenn. The Cumberland U. inter- sects the CO. and then forms a ixirt of tlie N. boundary, and its tributary, New R., forms the western. The surface is broken and in WHITLEY COURT HOUSE. 979 WILCOX. some parts liilly. Coal and iron are abund- ant. The Ohio i& KnoxviUe R. R. will inter- sect the CO. I'roni N. to S. Wliitley Court House is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 6,913 bush.; rye, 893 bush.; Indian- corn, i">l.S73 bush.; oats 34,.iS7 bush.; Irish pot's, 20,544 bush.; sweet pot's, 10,34S bush.; butter, 1'28,'2I9 lbs.; hay, -53^ tons. Casli value of farms, $)S5,',(40. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $330,0il. Value of manufactures, !S:i5,374. Whitley Court House, p. o. in the v. of Williamsljurgh, and co. seat of the aljove CO., on the Cumberland R., and on route of the Knoxville Branch of Louisville, Nash- ville & Great Southern R. R., about 30 mis. S. of Livingston, its present S. terminus. Pop. of V. 139. Whitley's, tn. in Moultrie CO., 111. Pop., 1,280. Whitley's Point, p. o. in the v. of Summit, in Moultrie co., 111., on the Indianapolis & St. Louis R. R., 6 mis. W. of Mattoon. Pop. of v. abOBt lU'J. "Whitley ville, p. o. in .Jackson co., Tenn. Whitlock, p. o. in the v. of Barkesdale, in Halifax co., Va., on the Richmond & Danville R. R., 14 mis. E. of Danville. Pop. of v. about 25. Whitman, p. o. in Walla Walla co.. Wash. Ter. Whitinell, p. v. in Pittsylvania co., Va., 13 mis. from Danville, the co. seat Whitniire, p. o. in Xewborr5' district, S. C. Whitniore, tn. in Macon co.. 111. Pop., 1,111. Whitmore I>.akp, p. v. in Washtenaw co., JMich., 10 mis. N. of Ann Arbor, the co. seat. Whitney's Crossing, p. v. in Allegany co., N. Y., on the Erie R. R., 15 mis. N. W. of Hor- nellsville. W^hitney Riclg:e, tn. in Penobscot co.. Me. Pop.. 18. * Whitney's Point, p. v. in Broome co., N. Y., ou the Syracuse, Bingharaton & New York R. R., -21 mis. N. of Binghamton, the co. seat. Pop., 4S0. Whitneyville, v. in New Haven co.. Conn.; a suburb of New Haven, 3 mis. N. of the court house, on Mill R., a small stream of much water-power, which is chiefly utilized by a very extensive rifle and fire-arms factory. Whitneyville, p. o. in Cass co., Iowa. Whitneyville, tn. in Washington co., Me. Pop., .569. Whitneyville, p. v. in the above tn., 3}^ mis. W. of Machias, the co. seat. Whitpaine, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop., l..S:iO. Whittier, p. o. in Lake co.. 111. Whitting;ton, p. o. in Hot Springs CO., Ark. Whittle, p. o. in Washington co., Ga Whittlesey, p. v. in Medina co., Ohio, 4 mis. s. W. of Medina, the co. seat. Whittle's 9Iills, p. o. in Mecklenburgh co., Va. ■Why K^ot, p. o. in Lauderdale co.. Miss. Wiaconda, tn. in Clarke co.. Mo. Pop., 885. Wichita, new co. in Ivans., W. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. It has a level or slightly rolling sur- face, and is drained by tributaries of tlie Ar- kansas R. and of the Smoky Hill Fork of the Arkansas R. Wichita, tn. in Sedgwick co., Kans. Pop., 689. ♦Wichita, p. v. and the co. seat of Sedgwick CO., Ivans., on Ai'kansas R. at the mouth of Little Arkansas R., and at present S. W. ter- minus of Wachita Branch of Atchison, Tope- ka & Santa Fe li. R.. 100 mis. S. W. of Emporia and 160 mis. S. W. of Topeka. An important distributing point for Texas cattle. Pop. (es- timated), 1,500. Two newspapers. Wichita, co. in Tex., N. part. Area, 570 sq. mis. It borders in the N. on the Red R., which soiiarates it from Ind. Ter., and is in- tersected by the Big Wichita R. The surface is rolling and consists mostly of prairies. Timber is found onlj- along the water-coursea. The soil is productive and the climate dry. Wichita :9Iountaius, in Ind. Ter.; comprise several chains trending from the N. W. to the S. E. between the North Kork and the Washi- ta R., tributaries of the Red R. Wichita, or Sis' Wichita, River, a tribu- tary of the Red R. in Tex.; rises in the Llano Estacado, has an easterly course and empties in Clay co. The Little Wichita R. traverses Archer and Clav cos. WicU, p. o. in Tyler CO., W. Va. Wickenburg^h, p. v. in Yavapai co., Ariz. Ter., on the Hassvampa R., 75 mis. S. S. W. of Prescott. Pop., 174. * Wick ford, p. V. in Washington co., R. 1., on Narragansett B., 2^ mis. E. of Wickford Sta- tion on the Stonington & Providence R. R. The station is 20 mis. S. of Providence. Wickle's Store, p. o. in Macon co., N. C. Wickliflfe, p. o. in Crawford co., Ind. Wickliffe, p. o. in .Jackson co., Iowa. WicklllTe, p. o. in York co., Nebr. Wickliffe, p. v. in Lake co., Ohio, on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 14 mis. N. E. of Cleveland. Wick low, p. o. in J^ake co.. Dak. Ter. Wicomico, co. inMd., S.part. Area about 350 sq. mis. Pop., 15,802. It is bounded on the E. by the Pocom.oke R., on the W. by the Nanti- coke R. and on the S. by the Wicomico R., which also intersects it. The surface is gen- erally low and level, and the soil moderatelj^ productive. The Eastern Shore R. R. passes through the co. from N. to S. Salisliury is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 12,103 bush.; rye, 58 bush.; Indian-corn, 405,627 bush.; oats, 17,693 bush.; Irish pot's, 31,214 bush.; sweet pot's, 29,127 bush.; butter, 48,30S lbs.; hay, 30 tons. Cash value of farms, $2,882.- 280. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, including additions to stock, etc., iS743,.521. Value of manufactures, $419,82.5. Wicomico, tn. in Northumberland co., Va. Pop., 1,44.5. Wicomico Church, p. o. in Northumberland CO., Va. Wiconisco, tn. in Dauphin co., Pa. Pop., 2,993. Wiconisco, p. v. in the above tn., on the Sum- mit Branch R. R., 15 mis. E. of Millersburgh on Northern Central R. R. Wirteinan, p. o. in Fulton co.. Ark. Wideman's, p. o. in Abbeville district, S. C. Widener, tn. in Knox CO., Ind. Pop., 1,704. Wiess Bluff, p. V. in Jasper co., Tex., 15 mis. N. of Bi.^aumont. Wilbar, p. o. in Wilkes co., N. C. Wilbarger, co. in Tex., N. part. Area about 800 sq. mis. The Red R. forms the N. E. bound- ary and receives the South Fork, or Pease, R. 'within the co. The surface is rolling and consists mostly of prairies. Beaver Cr., a tri- butary of the Big Wichita R., drains the southern part. Wilborn, p. o. in Madison co.. 111. Wilbraham, tn. in Hampden co., Mass. Pop., 2.330. Wilbraham, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. S. of Wilbraham Station on Boston & Albany R. R. Seat of a Wesleyan College. Wilbur, p. o. in Saline co., Nebr. Wilbur, p. V. in Ulster co., N. ^., on the Dela- ware & Hudson Canal, 2)4 mis. S. E. of King- ston, the CO. seat. Wilbur, p. o. in Douglas co., Oreg. Wilburton, tn. in Fayette co.. 111. Pop.,1..509. Wilcox, CO. in Ala., S. central part. Area about 950 sq. mis. Pop., 28,377 ; in 1860, 24,618. The surface is an undulating plain; the soil is productive. The co. is traversed by the Alabama R., which Is navigable by large steamboats throughout the year. The afflu- ents of this stream, which drain the co., are Chilatchee Cr., Pine Barren Cr., Pursl/jy Cr WILCOX. 980 WILKINSON. and Bear Cr. CamiU-ii is tlic co. seat. A^r. jjroductious in 1870 : liulian-corn, »i(J0,978 busli.; oats, l,7'25basli.; Irish pot's, 1, 47-2 bush.; sweet pot's, 91,400 bush.; cotton, 20,095 bales : butter, 47.4'2S Ib.-i. Cash value of farms, $-.',347,8ii.s. To- tal, estimate'!, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,550,667. Value of manufactures, $297,333. Wilcox, CO. in Ga., central part. Area about .VK) sq. ml.s. Pop., '2,439; in 18(50, 2,115. The OcmulgecK. forms the eastern boundary and, with its affluents, drains the co. The surface Is mostly level. Large parts of it are covered v.-itli sandy "pine barrens." Abbeville is the CO. seat. Agr. xn'odutions in 1870: Indian-corn, 47,130 bush.; oats, 11,870 bush.; sweet pot's, 15,- S'X bush.; cotton, 700 bales ; butter, 2,889 lbs. Casli value of farms, $16.5,289. Total, estimat- ed, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $202,468. Value of manufactures, $9,046. Wilcox, tn. in Hancock co.. 111. Pop., 4,058. Wilcox, p. v. in Elk co.. Pa., on the Philadel- phia & Erie R. 11., 15 mis. N. of Ridgway, the CO. seat. Has large interests iu tanuing. Pop. about 400. Wilcox's, V. in Bradford co.. Pa., on Sullivan A- Erie R. R., a few mis. S. of Towanda. Wilcox Wharf, p. v. in Charles City co., Va., on .James R., 11 mis. from City Point. Wildbrier, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 6 mis. X. \y. of Dowuingtown on Pennsylvania Central R. R. W^ild Cat, tn. in Tipton co., Ind. Pop., 1,547. Wild Cat, p. V. in Carroll co., Ind., on Logans- port, Crawfordville & Southwestern R. R., at crossing of Wild Cat Cr., 15 mis. N. of Frank- fort and 18 mis. S. of Logansport. Wild Cat, V. in Tippecanoe co., Ind., on Tole- do, Wabash & Western R. R., near La Fayette, the CO. seat. Wild Cat, p. o. in Riley co., Kans., 10 mis. N. \V. of Manhattan, the co. seat. Wildcat, p. o. in Whitley co., Ky. W^ild Cat, p. o. in Lancaster district, S. C. Wilderness, p. v. in Spottsylvania co., Va., l.'i nils. W. of Fredericksburgh. W^ilderness, tn. in Nicholas CO., W. Va. Pop., 824. Wild Rice River, a tributary of the Red River of the North in Minn.; rises in Bel- trami CO., flows W. through Polk co. and eniptifs in Clay co. Wild Wood, p. o. in Catahoula parish, La. Wiley, p. o. in Greene co., Pa. Wiley's Cove, tn. in Searcy co., ^rk. Pop., 6Ho. Wiley's Cove, p. o. in the above tn. Wiley Station, p. o. in Darke CO., Ohio. Wileysville, p. o. in Steuben co., N. Y. Wilhites, p. o. in Morgan co., Ala. Wilkcrson, tn. in Desha co.. Ark. Pop., 569. Wilkes, CO. in Ga., N. E. part. Area, 425 sq. mis. Pop., 11,796; in. 1860, 11,420. Broad R. furms the northern boundary. Little R. the southern. Both streams are "affluents of the Savannah R. The surface is umlulating and bus a g(Mieral slope from W^. to E. Washing- ton is the CO. seat. Agr. prodnctions in 1870 : Wheat, 22.867 bush.; Indian-corn, 171,378 bush.; oats, 37,742 bush.; Irish pot's, 115 hush.; sweet pot's, 16,970 bush.; cotton, 6,882 bales ; butter, 79,469 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,182,489. To- tal, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $972,825. Value of manufactures, $224,266. Wilkes, CO. in N. C, N. W. pai't. Area about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 1.5,539; in 1860, 14,749. The Blue Ridge forms the N. W. boundary and, with its spurs, occupies a large portion of the CO., which is intersected and drained by the Yadkin R. and its source streams. Wilkosbo- rough is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 24,134 bush.; rye,21,774 bush.; In- diau-oorn, 202,590 bush.; bats, 43,691 bush.; Irish pot's, 16,460 bush.; sweet pot's. 12,728 bush.: tobacco, 32,236 lbs.; butter, 77,397 lbs.; hay, 175 tons. Cash value of farms, $95r,,086. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc.. $148, 7.54. Value of manufactures, $47,084. Wilkesbarre, tn. in Luzerne co., Pa. Pop., 7,090. ♦Wilkesbarre, p. borough and the co. seat of Luzerne co.. Pa., on North Branch of Sus- quehanna It. opposite Kingston, with which it is connected bj^ a bridge, and on the Lehigh Valley R. R., the Lehigh & Susquehanna U. R., via the bridge, on Lackawanna & Blooms- burgh R. R. and at terminus of Nanticoko Branch of Lehigh & Susquehanna R. R., 19 mis. S. W. of Scranton and 54 mis. N. of Maucli Chunk. It is beautifully situated in the Wy- oming Valley, and is surrounded by charming scenery. The anthracite coal mines in the vicinitj' are numerous and rich, and the min- ing and shipping of coal is an important branch of industry. The manufactures of the borough are varied and its generaU trade large. It was settled in 1773, and is the center of much interesting colonial and earlj- his- tory. Pop. in 18,50, 2,723 ; in 1S60, 4,2.53 ; in 1870, 10,174; 7,517 of whom were natives of the United States, and 2,6.57 foreign born. Five newspapers are published here, among which ai-e the " Record of the Times," " Democratic Watchman," " Luzerne Union" and " Wilkcs- Barre Daily." Wilkesborong'ti, v. in McLanc co.. 111., a few mis. N. W. of Bloomington, the co. scat Wilkesborong'h, p. v. and the co. seat of Wilkes CO., N. C, 46 mis. N. of Catawba Sta- tion on Western North Carolina R. R. Pop., inclusive of district, 1,300. Wilkesville, tn. in Vinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,472. Wilkesville, p. v. in the above In., 12 mis. E. of Berlin on Portsmouth Branch of Mari- etta & Cincinnati R. R. "Wilkin, CO. in Minn., W. part Area, 750 sq. mis. Pop., 295 ; in 1860, 40. It is bounded on the W. by the Red River of the North, which also intersects it from E. to W. The surface is uneven and elevated and the soil produc- tive. The main line of the St. Paul & Pacific R. R. passes through the co. from S. E. to N. W., terminating at Breckinridge on the Red R. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 465 bush.; oats, 4,425 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,300 bush.; but- ter, 9,825 bush.; hay, 1,510 tons. Cash value of farms, $23,003. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, includiufj additions to stock, etc., .$43,455. Value of manufactures, $67,000. Wilkins, tn. in Alleghany co.. Pa. Pop., 3.4.55. Wilkinsbnrgh, p. v. in Alleghany co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania R. R., 7 mis. E. of ,Pitt3- bui'gh. Wilkinson, co. in Ga., central part. Area, 430 sq. mis. Pop., 9,383; in 18(;0, 9,376. It is bounded on the N. E. by the Oconee R. and drained by Big Sandy Cr. and Commissioner's Cr., which join the "Oconee. The surface is low or slightly undulating. Large tracts are covered with pine barrens. The valleys of the water-courses have a very productive soil. Irwinton is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 2,668 bush.; rye,69bush.; Indian-corn, 182,164 bush.; oats, 4.2.57 bush.; Irish pot's, 854 bush. ; sweet pot's, 32,919 bush.; cotton, 5,115 bales ; butter. 26,286 lbs. Cash value of farms, $850,663. Total, estimated, "■ value of all farm productions, including ad- " ditious to stock, etc., $758,951. Value of man- ufactures, $131,045. Wilkinson, co. in Miss., forming the S. W. extremity of the state. Area about .5-20 sq. mis. Pop., 12,705 ; in 1860, 15.933. It borders in the W. on the Mississippi 11., in the N. on the WILKINSON'S. 981 WILLIAMSBURGH, Homo Cliitto R. and in the S. on the state of La. The surface is slightly rolling and with steep bluffs sinks down to the rich alluvial bottom of the Mississippi. The soil is produc- tive. Woodville is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Indian-corn, 158,859 bush.; Irish pot's, 1,231 bush.; sweet pot's, 2.5,487 bush.; cotton, 12,430 bales; butter, 19,577 lbs. Cash value of farms, $987,323. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including addi- tions to stock, etc., $1,189,743. Value ot man- ufactures, $28,300. Wilkinson's, v. in Berrien co., Mich., on the Chicago & Jlichigan Lake Shore K. R., 6 mis. N. K. of New Buffiilo. Wilkinson's Lianding', v. in Perry co.,Mo., on the Mississippi R., 15 mis. below Chester, 111. Wilkinsonville, p. v. in Worcester co., Mass., near the Providence & Worcester R. R.,3 mis. E. of Millbury. Wilkinsonville, v. in Union district, S. C, a few mis. W. of Broad R. Wilkinsonville, v. in Chesterfield co., Va., on Appomattox R., a few mis. S. of Appomat- tox Station on Richmond & Danville R. R. Wilkins' Rnn, p. o. in Licking co., Ohio. Will, CO. in 111., N. E. part. Area, 1,230 sq. mis. Pop., 43,013 ; in 1860, 29,321. The surface is level ; the soil rich and under general cultivation. It is bounded on the E. by Ind. and drained by the Des Plaines and Kankakee Rs., which unite near its western border to form the Illinois R. The co. is intersected by the Chi- cago & Alton R. R. and the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R. Joliet is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 197,282 bush.; rye, 8,030 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,131,458 bush.; oats, 1,8(58,682 bush.; Irish pot's, 224,845 bush.; sweet pot's, 62 bush.; butter, 1,397,805 lbs.; hay, 100,195 tons. Cash value of farms, $20,- 654,783. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, incluiUng additions to stock, etc., $3,965,272. Value of manufactures, $2,565,- 007. ■^Vill, tn. in the above co. Pop., 911. W^illamette Forks, p. o. in Lane co., Oreg. Willamette River, a tributary of the Colum- bia R., in Oreg.; is formed by the McKenzie's R. and Middle Fork, which rise in the Cascade Mts., witli tlie West or Coast Fork, which rises in the Coast Range. These streams tra- verse Lane co. The niain river thence flows N. and empties at the S. E. extremity of Co- lumbia CO. Its valley is exccedingljr fertile and includes the most densely inhabited por- tion of the state. Willamette Slouch, p. o. in Multnomah CO., Oreg. Willamina, v. in Yam Hill co., Greg., 16 mis. S. W. of La Fayette, the co. seat. Willard, p. o. in York co., Nebr. Willard, p. v. in Seneca co., N. Y., oa Seneca Lake, 3 nils. W. of Ovid. Willard, p. v. in Bo.x Elder co., Utah Ter., on the Central Pacific R. R., 36 mis. W. of Ogden. Pop., 552. Willard's lianding-, p. o. in Union co.. 111. Willet, tn. in Cortland co., X. Y. Pop., 889. Willct, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. E. of Ma- rathon on Syracuse, Binghamton & New York R. R. Pop., 120. Willet, p. o. in Indiana co.. Pa. W^illet, p. o. in Green co.. Wis. W^illcttsville, p. o. in Highland CO., Ohio. Willey, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. W^illey, tn.in Lewis co., W. Va. Pop., 2,515. Willey, p. o. in Preston co., W. Va. Willey Station, p. v. in Christian CO., HI., on Toledo, Wabash & Western R. R., 5 mis. N. E. of Tuylorsville, the co. scat. WilllVird, p. o. in Henry co., Ohio. Williamette. p. o. in Arkansas co., Ark. William Penn, p. v. in Montgomery co.. Pa., near Philadelphia & Reading R. R.,l2 mis. N. "W. of Philadelphia. Williams, or Williamstown, v. in Barbour CO., Ala., on Vicksburgh & Brunswick R. R., midway between Eufaula and Clayton. Williams, new co. in Dak. Ter.. N. W. part ; is bordered on the N. E. by the Missouri R. and intersected by the Little Missouri and Big Knife Rs. The surface is rolling and consists chiefly of prairies. Williams, tn. in Sangamon co., 111. Pop., 1,279. Williams, V. in Adams co., Ind., on Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., 7 mis. N. W. of Deca- tur, the CO. seat. 'Williams, v. in Clay co., Ind., on St. Louis, Vandalia & Terre Haute R. R., I mle. E. of Staunton. Williams, p. v. in Hamilton co., Iowa, on Iowa Division of Illinois Central R. R., 14 mis. E. of Webster City, the co. seat. 'Williams, p. o. in Christian co., Ky. 'Williams, p. o. in Bay CO., Mich. 'Williams, tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop., 445. 'Williams, tn. in Benton co., Mo. Pop., 2,277. W^illiams, tn. in Stone co.. Mo. Pop., 3.32. Williams, co. in Ohio, N. W. part. Area, 475 sq. mis. Pop., 20,991 ; in 1860, 16,633. The co. occupies the N. W. extremity of the state and borders on Mich, and Ind. It is intersect- ed by St. Joseph and Tiffin Rs. The surface is level and undulating and the soil produc- tive. The Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R. passes through the southern part. Bry- an is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: 'Wheat, 309,099 bush.; rye, l,.567bnsh.; Indian- corn, 317,760 bush.; oats, 234,225 bush.; Irish pot's. 89,792 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,100 bush.; but- ter, 571,752 lbs.; hay, 30,216 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,518,564. Total, estimated, value . of all fai'm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,!)06,359. Value of manufac- tures, $5.83,692. Williams, tn. in Dauphin co.. Pa. Pop., 1,451. 'Williams, tn. in Nortliamptonco., Pa. Pop., 2,4-28. 'Williams, tn. in Wood co., W. Va. Pop., 1.486. Williams Bridge, v. in West Chester co., N. Y., at junction of New York & Harlem R. R. with New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R., 12 mis. from New York Citv. Pop., 144. Williamsburgta, p. v. in Jefferson co., Fla., on the Jacksonville, Pensacola & Mobile R. R. Pop., 253. Williamsbnrgh, p. o. in Calhoun co., Ga. Williamsbnrgh, v. in Moultrie co.. 111., on Paris & Decatur R. R., 4 mis. E. of Lovington. Williamsburgh, v. in Johnson co., Ind., 10 mis. S. of Franklin, the co. seat. The p. o. is Nineveh. Williami^bnrgli, p. v. in Wayne co., Ind., 11 mis. N. W. of Richmond. Pop., 248. Williamsbnrgh, p. v. in Franklin co., Kans., 13 mis. W. of Princeton on Leavenworth, Lau- rence & Galveston R. R. Williamsburgb, v. and the co. seat of Whit- ley CO., Ky. (See Whitley Court House, the p. o.) 'Williamsbnrgb, tn. in Piscataquis CO., Me. Pop., 176. Williamsbnrgti, p. v. in Dorchester co., Md., on the Dochesler & Delaware R. R., 14 mis. W. of Seaford. Williamsbnrgb, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., 2,159. ^Williamsbnrgb, p. v. in the above tn., at N. W. terminus of New Haven & Northamp- ton R. R., 8 mis. N. W. of Northampton. WiHiamsbnrgh, p. v. in Grand Traverse co., Mich., 13 nils. E. of Traverse City. Williamsbnrgb, p. v. and the co. seat of Co- vington CO., Miss., 55 mis. S. E. of Jackson, Pop., 440. "Williamsbnrgb, p. V. in Calaway co., Mo., 15 mis. W. of New Florence on Hortii Missouri R. R. WILLIAMSBURGH. 982 WILLI AMSPORT. Wllliamsbnrgh, city In Kings co., N. T.; aiiiKixed to BiookljTi January 1, 1874. Tl'illianisbiir^h, p. o. In Iredell CO., N. C. fl'illianisbiirgh, tn. in Clermont co., Ohio. Pnp., '2,383. fVilllainsbnrg^h, p. v. in the above tn., on East Little Miami R., 27 mis. E. of Cincinnati. 'Williainsburg'h., v. in Noble co., Ohio, 4 mis. S. of Spencer Station on the Central Ohio Di- vision of Baltimore & Ohio R. R. The p. o. is Batesville. Pop., 213. Williamsbnr^h, v. in Armstrong co.. Pa., on Alleghany R.. opposite Kittanning bor- ough. Williainsbnrgh, p. v. in Blair co., Pa., on the Frankstown Branch of Juniata R. and Pennsylvania Canal, 12 mis. E. of HoUidays- bnrgh. Pop., 821. Williainsburgrh, v. in Northampton co.. Pa. (See Mount Bethel, the p. o.) Willjain^burgh, district in S. C, S. E. part. Area aliont 1,08.5 sq. mis. Pop., 15,489 ; in 18'JO, l.'>,489. The Great PeKlee R. forms the eastern boundary and receives Lynch's Cr., the San- tee R. washes the southern border. The sur- face is level and consists largely of pine bar- rens. The bottom lands along the streams are very productive. The Northeastern R. R. passes thi-ough the district. Kingstree is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 716 bush.; rye, 3.1 bush.; Indian-corn, 103,487 bush.; oats, 445 bush.; sweet pot's, 37,011 bush.; cot- ton, 1,792 bales; rice, 249,800 lbs.; butter, 1,024 lbs. Cash value of farms, $31(5,278. Total, es- timated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $320,772. Value of manufactures. $226,438. ' ^Willianisbnrgli, p. v. and the co. seat of James City co., Va., midway between James an^ mis. N. E. of Springfield. W^illiamsville, p. o. in Worcester co., Mass. Williamsville, p. v. in Cass CO., Mich., 12i^ mis. from (^onstantine. Williamsville, p. o. in Wayne co.. Mo. Williamsville, p. o. in Richardson co., Nebr. Williamsville, v. in Essex co., N. J., 5 mis. X. \V. of Newark. Williamsville, p. v. in Erie co., N. Y., on El- licott's Cr., 10 mis. N. E. of ButTalo. It has flouring mills, saw mills, a carding machine and a large tannery. Pop., 912. Williams^'ille, v. in Delaware co., Ohio, on the Columbus Division of the Cleveland, Co- lumbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 14 mis. N. of Columbus. The p. o. is Orange Sta- tion. W^llliamsville, p. o. in Elk co.. Pa. Williamsville, p. v. in Windham co., Vt., on the South Branch of West R., 12 mis. from Brattleborough. Williamsville, tn. in Bath co., Va. Pop., 998. Williamsville, p. o. in the above tn, Willida, p. o. in Lyon co., Iowa. Willimansett, p. v. in Hampden co., Mass., on the Connecticut River R. R. and opposite and below Holyoke and on the Connecticut R. *WiIlimantie, p. v. in Windham co.. Conn., on Willimantic R.,the New London Northern R. R., the Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R. and the Hartford, Providence & Fishkill R. R., 30 mis. from Hartford and 50 mis. from Provi- dence, R. I. The falls of the river furnish valuable water-power, which is extensively used in cotton and woollen mills, thread, silk and other manufactories. It has about 5,000 inhabitants. One newspaper. Willimantic River, in Conn.; rises in Tol- land CO., and unites with the Nachaug R.near Willimantic to form the Shetucket U. Willing', tn. in Allegany co., N. Y. Pop., 1,199. Willingborongb, tn. in Burlington co., N. J. Pop., 750. Wlllington, tn. in Tolland co.. Conn. Pop., 942. Willington, p. v. in the above tn., 2 mis. from AVest Willington. Willin^ton, p. o. in Abbeville district, S. C. Willink, p. V. in Erie co., N. Y., 1 mle. from East Aurora. W^illis, p. o. in Montgomery co., Tex. Willisbnrg-h, p. o. in Washington co., Ky. Willis River, a tributary of the James R. in Cumberland co., Va.; flows E. and empties near Cartersville, to which place it is naviga- ble for small boats. Willis Station, p. o. in Fayette co., Tenn. Williston, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Williston, tn. in Chester co.. Pa. Pop., 1,552. Williston, p. o. in Potter co.. Pa. Williston, p. V. in Barnwell district, S. C, on the South Carolina R. R., .38 mis. from Augus- ta and 37 mis. from Branchville. Williston, tn. in Chittenden co., Vt. Pop., 1,441. Williston, p. V. in the above tn., 2?^ mis. S. oi North Williston. Willistown, tn. In Chester co.. Pa. Pop., Willistown Inn, p. o. in Chester co.. Pa. Willmar, tn. in Kandiyohi Co., Minn. Pop., 449. *Willntar, p. v. in the above tn., on First Di- vision of St. Paul & Pacific R. R.,6mls. W. by N. of Kandiyohi, tlie co. seat. A fine wheat market. Seat of R. R. repair shopw Pop. about 3.50. One newspaper. Willmatbsville, p. o. in Adair co.. Mo. W^illopa, V. in Pacific co.. Wash. Ter., on the Willopa R., 8 mis. above its entrance into Shoal water B. and 50 mis. from Olympia. Willonghby, p. o. in Butler co., Iowa. Willoughby, tn. in Lake co., Ohio. Pop., 2.516. *Willong'liby, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., 19 mis. N. E. of Cleveland ; is the seat of a medi- cal college and a female seminary. Pop., 867. Wlllonghby, p. o. in Wasco co.,"Oreg. Willoughby l.ake, in Orleans co., Vt. Its outlet is Passumpsic R., a tributary of the Connecticut. Willoughby Xiake, v. in Orleans co., Vt., on the lake of the same name, 4 mis. from South Barton, is a noted summer resort. The sur- rounding scenery is highly picturesque. WILLOW. 984 WILMINGTON. WIHow, p. o. in Jo Daviess CO., 111. Willow, tn. in Cherokee co., Iowa. Pop., 278. Willow, tn. in llicblaiid eo., Wis. Pop., 667. Willow Itciid, yi. o. in Pa^e Co., V^a. Willow Branch, tn. in Piatt co., 111. Pop., 1.4:!Si. Willow ISraiicli, p. o. in Hancock CO., Infl. Willow liroolt, p. o. ill Dutchess co., N. Y. Willow Creek, tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., 1,019. Willow CrceU, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. from Sul)k'ttf'. Willow I'reek, p. o. in Clay eo., Iowa. Willoiv t'reek, p. o. in Blue Earth CO., Minn. Willow Creek, p. o. in Gallatin co., Mont. Ter. Willow Creek, p. o. in Saunders co., Neb. Willow I>ale, p. o. in Ida co., Iowa. Willow I>ale, p. v. in Chester co.. Pa., 2 mis. N. of Fairville. Willowenioc, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Willow Fork, tn. in Mouiteauco., Mo. Pop., 2.24-2. Willow Forks, p. o. in Umatilla co., Oreg. Willow Grove, p. v. in Kent co., Del., 3 mis. W. of Wood.side. Willow Grove, p. o. in Story co., Iowa. Willow Orove, p. o. in Cumberland CO., N. J. Willow Grove, p. v. in Montgomerj^ CO., Pa., 4 mis. from .Jenkintown. W^illow Grove, p. o. in Shelby CO., Tex. Willow Grove, p. o. in .Jackson co., W. Va. Willow Hill, tn. in Jasper co., 111. Pop.,l,5.i2, Willow Hill, p. V. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Newton. Willow Hole, p. o. in Madison co., Tex. Willow Island, p. v. in Pleasants co., W. Va., on the Ohio 11., 15 mis. below St. Mary's. Willow Ranobi, p. o. in Siskiyou co., Cal. Willow Shade, p. o. in Metcalfe co., Ky. Willow Spring, p. v. in Cook co., 111., on the Chicago & Alton II. R., 18 mis. S. W. of Chi- cago. Willow Spring, p. o. in Russell co., Va. Willow Springs, tn. in Douglas co., Kans. Pop., 1,1(1:;. "Willow Springs, p. v. in Douglas co., Kans. Willow Springs, tn. in Howell co., Mo. Pop., 608. Willow Springs, p. o. in the above tn. Willow .Springs, p. o. in Jackson eo., Oreg. Willow Springs, p. o. in Columbia CO., Pa. Willow Springs, tn. in La Fayette co., Wis. Pop., 1,117. Willow Street, p. v. in Lancaster CO., Pa., 5 inls. S. of Lancaster. Willow Tree, p. o. in Greene CO., Pa. Willow Tree, p. o. in Mason co., W. Va. Willoiv Vale, p. o. in Columbia Co., Pa. W^Illow Valley, p. o. in Greenwood eo., Kans. Willow Wood, p. o. in Lawrence co., Ohio. Wills, tn. in Saline co.. Ark. Pop., 351. Wills, tn. in La Porte co., Ind. Pop., 884. Wills, tn. in Guernsey CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,670. Wlllsborough, tn. in Essex co., N. \ . Pop., l,71it. Wlllsborough, p. v. in the above tn., 5 mis. from Essex. Wlllsborough Point, p. v. in Essex co., N. Y. Will's Creek, p. o. in Coshocton co., Ohio. Willsey vllle, p. v. in Tioga co., JS. Y., on the Cayuua Division of the Delaware, Lackawan- na & Western R. R., 13 mis. N. of Owego. Wlllshire, tn. in Van Wert co., Ohio. Pop., 1.614. Wlllshire, p. v. in the above tn., 14 mis. from Van Wert. Pop., 2()8. Will's l*oint,p. o. in Van Zandt co., Tex. Wllniarth, p. v. in Elk CO., Pa., on Philadel- phia & Erie R. R., 9 mis. N. of Ridgway, the CO. seat. Pop. about 50. Wilntette, p. o. in Cook co.. 111., on the Mil- waukee Division of the Chicago & North- western It. U., 14 mis. N. of Chicago. Wilmington, p. o. in Walker co., Ala. Wilmington, tn. in L^'nion co.. Ark. Pop., 3-20. Wilmington, p. o. in the above tn. Wilmington, tn. Los Angeles co., Cal. Pop., 94-2. ^Wilmington, p. v. in the above tn.. on San Pedro B.; is the S. terminus Of the Los Ange- les & San Pedro R. R. * Wilmington, city in New Castle co., Del., on Christiana Cr. above its junction with Brandy wine R. and 2 nils, from the Delaware R.; is theN. terminus of the Delaware K. 11., 48 mis. N. of Dover, the S. E. terminus of the AVilmington & Western R. R., and lies on the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore R. R., 28 mis. S. W. of Philadelphia and 7U mis. N. E. of Baltimore. It is the most populous city of the state ; has regularly laid out wide streets and is surrounded by a rich agricultu- ral district. The uviper portion of the city is situated on a hill 110 feet above tide-water ; contains many elegant residences and affords extensive views of the river anil lower part, which contains the business houses and manu- factories. It was originally chartered as the " Borough of Wilmington" in 1739, and incori)orated as a city in 1832. The population was 13,- 979 in 1850, 21,258 in 1860, and 30,841 in 1870, of whom 25,689 were natives of the United States and 5,152 of foreign countries. The number of whites was 27,630, and of colored persons 3,211. In all classes of occupations were engaged 12,908 persons, viz.: 1,208 iu agriculture, 4,820 in professional and per.sonal services, 1,506 iu trade and transportation, and 5,314 in manu- factures and mechanical industries. Manu- facturing is the most important business of the inhabitants. On the Brandywine R. are some of the finest flouring mills in the coun- try, to which vessels drawing not more than 8 feet can easily ascend. Tlie city contains also yards for the construction of' ships and steamboats, machine shops, cotton and wool- len and other factories. In the neighborhood are Dupont's famous powder mills. Wilming- ton is the seat of the Academy of Visitation, a Catholic College, and of several excellent academies and private schools. Twelve news- papers are published here, of which the "Com- mercial," " Delaware Gazette," and " Every Evening," are dailies. Wilmington, tn. in Will CO., 111. Pop., 2,766. * Wilmington, p. v. in the above tn., on the Kankakee R. and the Chicago & Alton R. R., 53 mis. from Chicago. It has a woollen and other factories, and is surrounded by a highly productive farming district. Pop., 1,828. One newspaper. Wilmington, p. v. in Dearborn co., Ind., 3 mis. from Aurora. Pop., 301. Wilmington, tn. in De Kalb CO., Ind. Pop., 2.29f;. Wilmington, tn. Osage CO., Kans. Pop., 662. Wiliiiiiigton, p. o. in the above tn. Wilmington, tn. in Middlesex CO., Mass. Pop., 866. Wilmington, p. v. in the above tn., on the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R., 6 mis. N. of East Woburn. Wilmington, tn. in Houston co., JNIinn. Pop., 1,200. Wilmington, p. v. in the above tn., 21J^ nils, from Brownsville. Wilmington, tn. in Essex co., N., Y. Pop., 794. Wilmington, p. v. in the above tn., on the East Branch of the Au Sable R., 10 mis. S. W. of Au Sable Forks. ^Wilmington, city and port of entry and co. seat of New Hanover co., N. C, on the E. bank of Cape Fear R., below its junction with Northeast Branch of same, anil ;i4 mis. from the ocean ; is the S. terminus of Wilmington & Weldon R. R., 162 mis. from Weldon, the E. WILMINGTON. 985 WILSON'S landing; terminus of the "Wilmington, Columbia & Au- gusta R. R. and the S. E. terminus of Wil- mington, Charlotte & Rutherford R. R. It is the largest city of the state, and has several manufactories, as saw mills, planing mills, rice mills, turpentine refineries, etc., but is chiefly important for its commercial activity. In 187i the imports had a value of $121,476, and the exports of $2,409,245. The latter included rosin and turpentine, .$573,030; tar and pitch, $13,955; spirits of turpentine, $1,(;58.530; boards and planks, $133,983, and some cotton and cotton manufactures. The commercial fleet consisted of 23 sailing vessels of 573 tons, and 18 steam vessels of 1,755 tons. The population was 7,264 in 1850, 9,552 in 1860, and 13,446 in 1870, of whom 12,87<) M'ere native of the United States and 570 of foreign countries. The num- ber of whites was 5,5-26 and of colored persons 7,920. Six papers are published iu this city, of which the following are dailies : the " Wil- mington Journal," " Wilmington Post," and "Wilmington Star." *Wllniiii^ton, p. v. and the co. seat of Clin- ton CO., Ohio, on Todd'sFork of the Little Mi- ami R. and t\\6 Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley R. R., 5G mis. E. of Cincinnati ; is the seat of a Quaker college, has several manufac- tories, and Is surrounded by a fine agricultu- ral district. Pop., 2,023. Two newspapers. Wilmlng'toii, tn. in Lawrence co.. Pa. Pop., 1,634. 'Wiluiin^ton, tn. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 548. 'Wilmin^tou, tn. in Windham co., Vt. Pop., 1,246. Tt'ilmini^tou, p. v. in the above tn., 20 mis. from Brattleborough. M^lliningtoii, p. o. in Fluvanna co., Va. Wilmore, p. borough in Cambria co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania R. R., 23J4 mis. W. of Al- toona. Pop., 393. 'Wilmot, p. o. iu Noble co., Ind. TVjIniot, tn. in Merrimack CO., N. H. Pop., 1,072. Wilmot, p. V. in the above tn., 2 mis. W. of "West Andover. Wilmot, p. V. in Stark co., Ohio, 13 mis. S. AV. of Massillon. Wilmot, tn. in Bradford CO., Pa. Pop., 1,365. Wiliuot, p. o. iu the above tn. Wilmot, p. V. in Kenosha CO., Wis., 4 mis. S. of Fox River. Wilmot Flat, p. v. in Merrimack co., N. H., 3 mis. S. of West Andover. Wilmoth's, p. o. in Bourbon co., "W. Va. Wilmatli, tn. iu Herkimer co., N. Y. Pop., 101. Wilna, p. o. in Harford co., Md. Wilua, tn. in Jetferson co., N. Y. Pop., 4,060. Wilna, p. o. in the above tn. Wilsey ville, p. o. in Defiance co., Ohio. Wilson, p. o. in Yavapai Co., Ariz. Ter. Wilson, V. in Placer co., Cal., 25 mis. S. E. of Marysville. Wilson, tn. in De Witt CO., Ift. Pop., 640. W^ilson, p. o. in Montgomery co., Iowa. Wilson, CO. in Kans., S. E. part. Area, 640 sq. mis. Pop., 6,694 ; in 1860, 27. The surface is generally level, and consists mostly of pro- ductive prairies ; the soil is excellent through- out. The Verdigris R. intersects the W. cen- tral part from N. to S. Fredonia is the co. seat Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 24,584 bush.; rye, 590 bush.; Indian-corn, 126,795 bush.; oats, 24,578 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,112 bush.; sweet pot's, 412 bush.; butter, 52,720 lbs.; hav, 5,583 tons. Cash value of farms, $703,240. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $50,533. Value of manufactures, $59,813. Wilson, p. o. in Antrim co., Mich. Wilson, tn. iu Winona co., Minn. Pop., 1,016. Wilson, p. o. in Winona co., Minn. Wilson, tn. in Adair CO., Mo. Pop., 1,119. Wilson, p. o. in the above tn. Wilson, tn. in Audrain co.. Mo. Pop., 1,740. Wilson, tn. in Gentrj' co.. Mo. Pop., 852. "Wilson, tn. in Greene co.. Mo. Pop., 1,053. "W^ilson, p. o. in Otoe co., Nebr. Wilson, tn. in Niagara co., N. Y. Pop., 2,912. Wilson, p. V. in the above tn., on LakeOntario, at the mouth of Tuscarora Cr., 16 nils. N. N. W. of Lockport. It is the scat of Wilson Col- legiate Institute. Pop., 061. Wilson, CO. in N. C, E. central part. Area al>out 350 sq. mis. Pop., 12,258; in 1860,9,720. It is drained by Moccasin and Conteutaea Crs. and other aflluents of the Neuse R. The sur- face is low and level and consists largely of not very productive pine barrens. The "Wil- mington & "Weldon R. R. intersects the co. from S. to N. "Wilson is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870 : Wheat, 8,690 bush.; rve, 482 bush., Indian-corn, 212,770 bush.; oats, 10,588 bush., Irish pot's, 4,280 bush.; sweet pot's, 36,353 bush.; cotton, 5,225 bales ; l)utter, 9,157 lbs.; hay, 1,854 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,159,69<1. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $828,- 264. Value of manufactures, $247,616. *Wilson, p. V. and the co. scat of the above CO., on Conteutaea Cr. and the Wilmington & Weldon R. R., 53 mis. S. of Weldon. It is a thriving agricultural place. Pop., 1,036. Three newspapers. Wilson, p. o. in Adams co., Ohio. Wilson, tn. in Clinton co., Ohio. Pop., 1,157. Wilson, CO. in Tenn.; N. central part. Are.i, 600 sq. mis. Pop., 25,881 ; in 1860. 26,072. Tho Cumberland R. bounds it on the N. and drains it with several small aflluents. The co. lies entirely in the Central Basin of the state, has a gently undulating surface and is throughout of the greatest fertility. Lebanon is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 241,715 bush.; rye, 3,189 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,173,201 bush.; oats, 151,067 bush.; Irish pot's, 2.5,945 bush.; sweet pot's, 33,362 bush.; cotton, 1,205 bales ; tobacco, 332,901 lbs.; butter, 399,249 lbs.; hay, 5,8.50 tons. Cash value of farms, $7,147,654. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,195,- 087. Value of manufactures, $1,167,071. Wilson, 00. in Tex., S. central part. Area about 480 sq. mis. Pop., 2,.5.56. The co. is drained by the San Antonio R. and by Cibolo Cr., which also forms part of the N. E. bound- ary. The surface is hilly and the soil pro- ductive. Timber is scarce, except along the river courses. Floresville is the co. seat. A^r. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 52,712 bnsli.; Irish pot's, 96 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,116 bush.; butter, 34,410 lbs.; hay, 617 tons. Cash value of farms, $153,961. Total, estimated, value of all farm prod actions, including additions to stock, etc., $85,048. Wilson, tn. in Sheboygan co.. Wis. Pop., 1,277. Wilson, p. o. in St. Croix co.. Wis. Wilsonburgh, p. o. in Richland CO., 111. Wilsonbnrgb, p. v. in Harrison co., W. Va., on the Parkersburgb Branch of the Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 4 mis. W. of Clarksburgh. Wilson Creek, p. o. in Graves co., Ky. Wilson Creek, p. o. in Tioga co., N. Y. Wilson Creek, tn. in Grayson co., Va. Pop., 3.231. "Wilson's p. o. in Anderson co., Tenn. Wilson's Creek, v. in Grayson co., Va., 48 mis. S. of Wytheville. The p. o. is Mouth of Wilson. Wilson's Crossing, p. o. in the v. of Wilson's, in Rockingham co., N. H., on the jSIancliester & Lawrence R. R., 6 mis. S. E. of Manchester. Wilson's Depot, p. o. in the v. of Wilson's, in Dinwiddle co., Va., on the South Side Di- vision of the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio R. R., 27 mis. from Petersburgh. Wilson's Landing, p. v. in Charles City CO., Va., on James K., 24 mis. from City Poijit. • WILSON'S MILLS. 9S6 WINDHAM. Wilson's Mills, p. o. in Oxforil CO., Me. 'Wilson's Mills, p. o. in John.>ston CO., N. C. Wilson's Mills, p. o. in Cuyalioga CO., Ohio. Wilson's Mills, p. o. in Venango co., Pa. Wilson's Store, p. o. in Stolies co., N. C. Wilsonville, p. v. in Shelby co., Ala., on the .Selnia, Home & Dalton R, R., 116 mis. from Unme. Pop. about 100. Wilsonville, p. v. in Windham co.. Conn., on the Norwich antl Worcester Division of the I5oston, Hartford & Erie R. R., IS}^ mis. from Worct^stt'r. W'ilsonville, p. o. in Van Burcn co., Iowa. Wilsonville, p. v. in Spencer co., Ky.,24 mis. from Louisville. Wilsonville, p. o. in Highland co., Va. W^ilton, p. o. in Piltc co., Aric. Wilton, tn. in Fairfield co.. Conn. Pop., 1,994. Wilton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Danbury & Norwalk K. R., 7 mis. from Norwalk. Wilton, tn. in Willco., 111. Pop., 1,118. Wilton, tn. in Muscatine co., Iowa. Pop.,2,.345. Wilton, tn. in Franklin co.. Me. Pop., 1,9()U. »Wilton, p. v. in the above tn., l^^ mle. W. of Wilton Station on tiie Androscoggin R. R., :i^4 mis. N. of North Jay. Wilton, tn. in Waseca co,. Minn. Pop., 668. * Wilton, p. V. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on I>e Sueur R., 8 mis. from Waseca. Wilton, tn. in Hillsborough co., N. H. Pop., 1.974. «WIIton, p. V. in the above tn., on the Souhe- gan R. and the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R., 55 mis. from Boston, Mass. It has manu- factories, and being picturesquely situated is a popular summer resort. Stages run from Wilton to Lyndeborough. Wilton, tn. in Saratoga co., N. Y. Pop., 1,204. Wilton, p. V. in the a))ove tn., 8 mis. from Saratoga. Wilton, p. V. In Granville co., N. C, 35 mis. N. of Raleigh. W^ilton, tn. in Monroe co.. Wis. Pop., 818. Wilton, p. o. in the v. of Rhode's Mills, in the aliove in., 12 mis. from Tomali. * Wilton Junction, p. v. in Muscatine CO., Iowa, on the Southwestern Branch and the Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. 11 , 25% mis. W. of Davenport and Vl]4 mis. N. of Muscatine. Pop., 1,317. One newspaper. Wilton Springs, p. o. in Cocke co., Tenn. *Winani»c, p. v. and the co. seat of Pulaski CO., Intl., on tlie Tippecanoe R. and the Pitts- burgh, Cincinnati cSs St. Louis R. R., 92 mis. from Chiciigo and 25 mis. from Logansport. It is a thriving agricultural town, and has 906 inliabitants and 3 newspapers. Winamegr, P- o. in Fnltou co., Ohio. Winant's Kill, v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y. Pojx, UO. Winchcndon, tn. in Worcester co., Mass. Pop., H,398. »Winchendon, p. v. in the above tn.. on the Cheshire li. li., at junction of Monadnock R. R., 54 mis. from Boston ; has cotton and other manufactories. One newspaper. Winchell's p. o. in Dutchess co., N. Y. Winchester, tn. in Litchfield co., Conn. Pop., 4,096. Winchester, tn. in Scott co.. 111. Pop., 1,661. ♦Winchester, p. v. in the al>ovc tn. and the CO. seat, on tlie Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis 11. It., 86 mis. N. of St. Louis ; is a thriv- ing agricultural town. Coal is found in the vicinitj-. I'op., 1,661. Two newspapers. •Winchester, p. v. and the co. seat of Ran- dolph CO., liid.,on White R. at theintersection of the Cinciiuiati, Richmond & Fort Wayne R. R. with the Indianapolis Division of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indian- apolis U. R., ."J? mis. from Bellefontaine ; is surrouniled by a rich agricultural district, and place of active trade. Pop., 1,456. Two newspapers. Winchester, p. v. in Van Burcn co., Icwa, 3 mis. N. of Mount Zion. Winchester, p. v. in .lefferson co., Kany., on the Kansas Central R. R., 25 mis. from Lea- venworth. Pop. about 500. ♦Winchester, p. v. and the co. seat of Clark CO., Ky., 15 mis. S. of Paris and 20 mis. E. of Lexington ; is the seat of two academies. The vicinity is a stock-raising section. Pop., 78ush.; rvc, 10,216 bush.; Indian-corn, 190,397 bush.; oats, 361,143 bush.; Irish pot's, 87,366 bush.; butter, 721,265 lbs.; WINNEBAGO AGENCY. 989 WINSTED. bay, 47,294 tons. Cash value of farms, $9,436,- 35(J. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- fluctions, iucludins additions to stock, etc., $2,210,718. Value of manufactures, $5,209,947. Winnebag'O Agency, ]). v. in Blue Earth co., Minn., 12 mis. S. K. of Mankato. Pop., 195. Winnebag^o City, tn. in Faribault co., Minn. Pop., 7S0. *Winnebago City, p. v. in the above tn., on the Blue Karth R. and the Southern Minne- sota R. R., 171 mis. W. of La Crosse, and 33 S. of Mankato. Is the market for a rich agri- cultural region. Pop., 326. One newspaper. Winncbaifo Liake, in Calumet, Winebago and Fond du Lac cos., Wis.; is about 30 mis. long fiom >i. to S. and 12 mis. wide from E. to \V., and has an area of nearly 300 sq. mis. It is 120 feet above Lake Michigan, or 693 feet above the sea-level. Fox II. enters the lake on the western coast and issues from it at the north- ern extremity, carrjang its surplus water into Green Bay. Wijrinebag'o Valley, p. v. in Houston co., Minn., 10 ads. S. of Hokah. Winnecoiiue, tn. in Winnebago co., Wis. Pop., 1,'.IS!). TViiiuecoiiiie, p. v. In tlie above tn., on the Horieou Division of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R , 21 mis. N. of Ripon. Is sur- rounded by a rich agricultural district, and largely engaged in the lumber trade and in manntacturing. Pop., 1,159. One newspaper. Winnesajice, p. v. in Sagadahoc CO., Me., on the Kennebuc R., 3 mis. from Bath. Wiiiiieinucca, p. v. in Humboldt co.,Nev.,on the Hnmlioldt R. and the Central Pacific R. R., 4o2 mis. E. of San Francisco, Cal., and 144 mis. W. of Elko. The vicinity contains some good farm lands. Pop., 290. One newspaper. Wiitnenincca I>ake, a long, narrow lake lying in Humboldt co., Nev., between the Lake Range aud the Nightingale Mts. VCliiiiepiseog'ee Lake, in N. H., between Carroll and Belknap cos. The greatest length is nearly 25 mis., the greatest width 10 mis., and the area about 17.) sq. mis. Its shape is very irregular and it includes many islands. It is deep, and has remarkably clear water. Its surroundings are mountainous and present maguiflcent scenery. It is drained by the Winnepiseogee R. WinnepiseogeeRivci*, a branch of the Mer- rimac K. in N. H.; issues from Winnepiseogee Lake and unites with the Pemigewasset R. to form the Merrimac. Having considerable fall it atfords excellent mill-sites. Winneshiek, co. in Iowa, N. E. part. Area, 720 sq. mis. Pop., 23,570; in 1860,13,942. The surface is undulating and the soil good, being adapted particularly to grazing. The co. is drained by Turkej^R., Canoe Cr. and other small affluents of the Mississippi R. It bor- ders in the N. on the Minn., and is intersected Viy the Iowa Division and Iowa & Dakota Division of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. Decorah is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870: \Vheat, 1,479,331 bush.; rye, 1,030 bush.; Indian-corn, 700,191 bush.; oats, 822,400 bush.; Irish pot's, 77,525 bush.; wool, 42.233 lbs.; butter, 810,126 lbs.; hay, 42,246 tons. Cash value cf farms, $8,119,041. Total, esti- nuited, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $2,888,244. Value of manufactures, 8939,-509. Winnetka, p. v. in Cook co.. 111., on Lake Michigan and the Milwaukee Division of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R., 16 mis. N. of Chicago. Pop. about 30. ^Winnipauk, p. v. in Fairfield co.. Conn., on the Danbury & Norwalk R. R., 3 mis. from Norwalk. Pop. about 150. Winnsboroug'h, p. v. and the co. seat of Franklin parish, La., on Turkey Cr., 20 mis. S. of Kayville and 55 mis. W. of Vickshurgh, Miss. Pop. about 500. One newspaper. Winnsboroug'ta, p. v. and the co. seat of Fairfield district, S. C, on the Charlotte, Col- umbia & Augusta R. R., 34 mis. from Colum- bia. It is the seat of Furman Theological Seminary, a Baptist institution, and has rich agricultural surroundings. Pop., 1,124. Two newspapers. Winton, p. o. in Gonzales CO., Tex. Winona, p. o. in Henry co., Iowa. Winona, p. o. in Trimble co., Ky. Winona, co. in Minn., S. B. part. Area, 630 sq. mis. Pop., 22,319 ; in 1860, 3,729. The Missis- sippi R. washes the N. E. border of the eo., and drains it with numerous small aflluents. The surface is undulating and the soil very productive. The Chicago & St. Paul R. R. and the AVinona & St. Peter R. R. intersect the CO. Winona is the co. seat. Agr. produc- tions in 1870: Wheat, 1,3.57.9.54 bush.; rye, 1,613 bush.; Indian-corn, 273,477 bush.; oats, 598,871 bush.; Irish pots, 79,074 bush.; butter, 478,425 lbs.; hay, 16.944 tons. Cash value of farms, $5,893,010. Total, estimated, value of aU farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,883,873. Value of manufactures, $1,811,- 0(i4. Winona, tn. in Winona co., Minn. Pop., 7,679. *Winona, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on the Mississippi R. and the Chicago & St. Paul R. R., 103 mis. S. E. of St. Paul and 307 mis. W. of Chicago. It is also the VV. termin- us of the La Crosse, Trempealeau & Prescott R. R., the E. terminus of the AVinona & St. Peter R. R. It is the largest wheat market of the state, and has numerous manufacturing establishments, as carriage works, iron works, plow factories, planing mills and saw mills. The State Normal School and an excellent High School are located here. Pop., 7,192; in 1800, 2,464. Three newspapers. ^Winona, p. v. and the co. seat of Montgom- ery CO., Miss., on the Mississippi Central R. R.^ 23 mis. S. of Grenada. Pop. about 4.50. One newspaper. Winona, p. o. in Pitt co., N. C. Winona, p. v. in Columbiana co., Ohio, 6 mis, from Salem. Winona Junction, a station in La Crosse co., Wis., at junction of the La Crosse Division of the Chicago Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. with the La Crosse, Trempealeau & Prescott R. K., 3 mis. N. of La Crosse. W^inooskl, p. V. in Sheboygan co.. Wis., 3% nils, from Plymouth. Winooski Falls, p. o. in 1 he v. of Winooski, in Chittenden co., Vt., on the Winooski R. and the Central Division of the Vermont Central R. R., 3 mis. from Burlington and 47 mis. from Montpelier. The river makes a fall here of 20 feet, the water-x>ower of which is largely utilized in manufacturing. Winslow, tn. in Stephenson co.. 111. Pop., 929. Winslow, p. V. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Nora. Winslow, p. V. in Pike co., Ind., 18 mis. from Princeton. Winsl*w, tn. in Kennebec co.. Me. Pop., 1,437. Winslow, p. V. in the above tn., on Kennebec li. and on the Portland & Kennebec R. II., 17 nils. N. E. of Augusta. Winslow, p. o. in De Kalb co.. Mo. ■Winslow, tn. in CamdQn co., N. J. Pop., 2,050. Winslow, p. V. in the above tn., on the Cam- den & Atlantic R. R. and the Vin eland R. R., 27 mis. from Camden. Pop. about .50. Winslow, tn. in Jefferson co.. Pa. Pop., 1,320. Wiiisor, p. o. in Kane CO., Utah Ter. Winspear, p. o. in Erie co., N. Y. Winstead, p. o. in Person co., N. C. Winsted, p. v. in Litchfield co.. Conn., on the Connecticut Valley R. R. and the Naugatuck R. R., 13 mis. from Litchfield and 62 mis. from Bridgeport. It lies at the outlet of Long Lake, which affords, by its rapid fall, immease WIN&TED. 990 WISCONSIN. water-power. In two mis. tlie outlet falls over 200 feet. Tliere are numerous mills and manufactories. One newspaper. TTinstod, v. in Rutherford ec, Tenn., on tlic Nashville & Chattanooga R. R., i mis. S. of JIurfi'cesboroii<;h. "Wliistotl Lake, tn. in McLeod CO., Minn. Pop., "Wlnstod L.ako, p. o. in the above tn. Wiiisti^ii, eo. in Ala., N. part. Area over 1,000 s>tonvilIc, p. o. in Daviess CO., Mo. Winter Harbor, p. v. in Hancock co., Me., 2t)'4 mis. from Ellsworth. Wiiitcrpoelt, p. o. in the v. of Clover Hill, in Chest (■rflcid co.,Va.. on the Clover Hill Branch of the Uiflunond & Petersburgh El. R., 15 mis. W. of Halfway House on the Richmond & Pet'-rslnirgh R. R., 11 mis. S. of Richmond. Winterj><»rt, tn. in Waldo co.. Me. Pop., 2,744. ♦Winterport, p. v. in the above tn., on the Penobscot U., 19i^ mis. from Belfast. Winterroud, p. 6. in ShelVjy co., Ind. Winterrouii, p. o. Effingham co., llJ. Wintcrseat, v. in Abbeville district, S. C. *Wintersct, p. v. and the co. seat of Madison CO., Iowa ; is the sonthei'u terminus of the AVintersot Branch of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific R. R., 26 mis. W. of Somerset. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural region. Pop., 1.48.5. Olio newspaper. Winter's Station, p. v. in Sandusky co., Ohio, on the Lake Erie & Louisville R. It., 9 mis. S. W. of Fi('mont. Pop. about 50. Winterstown, p. o. in York eo.. Pa. WintoriHville, p. o. in Decatur co., Ind. WiJitcrsviHe, p. V. in Sullivan co., Mo., 14 nils. X. W. of Milan. WintersviHe, p. v. in Jefferson co., Ohio, 5 nds. from Stcubenville. Pop., 113. Wintersville, p. o. in Berks co., Pa« Wintorton, p. o. in Sullivan co., N. Y. Winlorville, p. o. in Oglethorpe co., Ga. Winthrop, p. v. in ^Middlesex co., Conn., 4 n\ls. W. of Deep River. Winthrop, V. in Grant CO., Ind., 6 mis, fi-om Mui'ioii. Winthrop, p. o. in Buchanan CO., Iowa, on tlic Iowa Division of the Illinois Central R. R., 61 nils, from Du1)uque, in a fine agricul- tural district. Pop. about 800. Winthrop, tn. in Kennebec CO., Me. Pop., 2.229. *Winthrop, p. v. in the above tn.. on the Jlaiiiij Central R. R., 54 nils, from Portland. It is situated on a larg(! ]iond, the outlet of which atlords water-power for several manu- factories. Winthrop, tn. in Plymouth co., Mass. Pop.. 532. Winthrop, tn. in Suffolk CO., Mass. Pop., 5.32. Winthrop, p. v. in the above tn., on Massa- chusetts B., 4 mis. from Boston. Winthrop, p. v. in Buchanan co.. Mo., on the Jlissouri R.,o)iposite Atchison, Kans.. and on the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs R. R.. 20 mis. from St. Joseph. Pop. about 200. Winthrop I^^kc, in Aroostook eo., 5Ie., is drained by Fish R., a tributary of the River St. John. Winton, p. v. and the co. seat of Hertford eo., X. C, on the Chowan R., 21 mis. S. E. of New- som's Depot, Va. Winton Place, p. o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Wiota, p. o. in Cass co., Iowa. Wiota, tn. in La Fayette co.. Wis. Pop., 1.009. Wiota, p. v. in the above tn., 11 mis. from Dar- lington. WIretown, p. v. in Ocean co., X. J. (See Waretown.) Wirt, p. o. of the v. of Bright's. in Jefferson CO., Ind., on the Madison Division of the Jef- fersonville. Madison & Indianapolis 11. R., 7 mis. N. X. W. of Madison. Wirt, tn. in Allegany eo.. N. Y. Pop., 1,201. W^lrt, CO. in W. Va.," N. W. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 4,804; in 1860, 3.751. The Little Kanawha intersects and drains the co., and its tributary, Hughes R., forms the north- ern boundary. The surface is pleasantly di- versified by hill and dale, and the soil of the valleys productive. Wirt Court House is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 15..532 bush.; rye. 1,025 bush.; Indian-corn, 128.- 836 bush.; oats, 37.988 bush.; Irish pot's, 17,809 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,300 bush.; butter. 44,000 lbs.: hay, 1,527 tons, ('ash value of farms, $62.5,3.54.' Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., *i237,307. Value of manufactures, $87,402. Wirt €ourt Honse, p. o. in the v. of Eliza- bethtown, and the co. seat of the above co., 13 mis. S. of Kanawha Station, on Parkers- burijh Branch of Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Wirt Centre, p. o. in Allegany co., X. Y. Wirtonin. p. o. in Cherokee co., Kans. Wiscasset. tn. in Lincoln co.. Me. Pop., 1.977. * Wiscasset, p. v. in the above tn. and the eo. seat, on the Knox & liincoln K. H., 10 m!s. E. of Bath and 50 mis. from Portland. It is a port of entry on the Sheepscot R., has a fine harbor and is engaged in the lumber and coast trade, farming and manufacturing. One newspaper. WISCONSIN is bounded on the W. by Minn, and Iowa, on the S. by 111. and on the X. W. by the northern peninsula of ;Micli. With the ex- ception of the southern border, which follows nearly the 43d parallel of X. lal., the limits are mostly determined by rivers and lakes, I^akc Superior bordering it on the X., the Montreal and Blenomonee Rs. (with a line eonnecting their sources) on the N. E., Lake Michigan on the E. and the Mississippi and St. Cioix Rs. on the W. The greatest length from N. to S. is 302 mis.; the width varies from 146 nils, to 2.58 nils. The area is .53.924 sq. mis., or 34,511,360 acres. Surface. — Wis. has no lofty mountain i-anges, but its surface is consideralil.y diversified. The northern section of the state is the highest, and from thence the surface gradually descends toward the S. E. and S. W. Lake Superior is 627 feet, and Lake IMichigan 57S feet above the sea-level. The Mississippi R., as far as it skirts Wis., is but little higher than l>ake jMichi- gan, viz.: 24\4 feet at Prairie du Chien, 55 feet at La Ci-osse and 99 feet at the mouth of the St. Croix R. A line crossing the state frcnn l>ake Michigan to the Slississipjii, near the southern boundary, is but little more than 1,000 feet above the sea-level, or 500 feet above the lake, while the highest ground in the U'lrlheru part Of the state nowhere reaches 1,800 feet. The WISCONSIN. 991 WISCONSIN. Trap Range, which extends westward from Kewenaw Point, rises in the Porcupine Mts to a height of 1,380 feet. Thus the greatest eleva- tions near Lake Superior are less than 1,000 feet above the surface near the southern border of the state. This comparatively great height, attained so near the lake, gives a gentle incli- nation of the country to the southward, which will be more evident on observing the course of the principal rivers. Receding from the hilly country bordering Lake Superior, tlie wliole of this northern central region is a vast in^""'o^L'*]' ^^'^^ ^"'1 ^'^*^i"e 11" isolated hill rising 200 01-300 feet above the general surface of the country. It is everywhere wooded, excepting the small areas which are occupied by swamps" On the S. and W. of this great plateau, and liinited by the Wisconsin R. on the S. and the bt. Croix on the N., is a broad belt of country occupied by the lower sandstone formation. Its varieties of surface are mainly due to the denuding action of the streams, which have cut their channels deeply into the underlying ^'?'''*^!- ..J'^® highest points of this belt are about 500 or 600 feet above Lake MSchio-an On approaching the Mississippi and AVisconsiii Rs., Where the sandstone rises in steep slopes or abrupt cliffs, the plains are very productive, and the slopes may be converted into vine- yards. To the E. and S. E. of the northern central region the surface is covered by the drift ma- terials of the N. The eastern side of the state presents a remarkable feature in the great val- ley, parallel to Lake Michigan, and in part oc- cupied by Green B., the I'ox R. as far as Lake ^^ inne^aga and thence by Lake Horicon and Rock R. Eastward of this valley extends a iiarro\y peninsula, beginning at Port de Morte, at the juneuon of Green B. and Lake Michigan and widening toward the lake. +1^''"^'^,*'''* valley of the Wisconsin R. toward the b. the country rises in cliffs andpreciuitous Blopes for 200 or 300 feet, and above this withl more gentle slope for as much more, the usual height being 600 or 700 feet above the river ihe eastern and southern sections of the state are by far the most valuable, having a fertile soil, and being well adapted to the rais- ing of cereals and fruits. As long as agricnl- ?o'n?.'lf"H'''-^ ^^"''^" l'"i-«"it of the ifihabl r?„l tl *'V® ,^"te"o^ portion of the state which lies N. of the parallel of Portage City will be but slowly settled. & »^ "j' « m ue Rivers and Lakes.— Wis. enjoys extraordinary facilities for water transportation. Its coast- line on Lake Michigan is about 200 mis . on ??'' im lT^""'rl^,^"-*^ "^^^ ^"*^ "'^ the Mississippi R. 400 mis. The affluents of Lake Superior owing to the structure of the counti^, are short and have much fall. The Montreal R descends about 800 feet in little more than 30 mis., and the tall of the other streams which I empty also into Lake Superior, as the Bad R ' Bois Brulee R. and St. Louis R., is eauallv f^'^^f'^-n^''® Menoraonee R., Peshtigo II., Ocoii- to R., Pensaukee R. and Fox R., with its trihn tary the Wolf, run into Green B The Mi'ssis" sipju receives ttie Wisconsin, Black, Chippewa and St. Croix Rs The St. Croix is navigable lor GO nils., and the Chippewa as high ud as the falls. The lakes and /lie MississippiZe con^ nected by a short canal at Portage, uniting the navigable \yaters of the Eoxand%isconsin Rs through which vessels may pass durin" hio-h water. The bed of the Wisconsin from" Po?t- age to Sauk City has been freed from sna-s f^rtl ^"»^>er improvements are in contempTal tion. The Rock R., which drains Lake Hori- con flows through the southern part of the fshimrin"'"'^'^ ^"'^^ the Mississippi near Rock ai»w/e.-The climate of Wis. is pleasant and cool, though not severe, and coraparativelvfree from sudden changes. The southern part, em- bracing about one-third of the whole state, has a mean annual temperature of from 44° to 47 . In the northern part the mean annual temperature sinks down to about 41°. The summers are short ; the winters long and dry -the average temperature of winter is 20° of spring and fall 47° and of summer 72°. The an- nual ram-lall varies from 30 to 31 inches, and is nearly equal throughout the state. Snow gen- erally falls before the ground is frozen and pro- tects the plants and crops from the seve- c win- ter irosts. The extensive forests which cover the r orth- ern and larger portion of the state vield excel- lent timber, and are a chief source of wealth of the state. They consist of basswood, maplo, hickory, elm, ash, black walnut, butternut, oak birch, poplar, hemlock, cedar and pine. The southern part of the state is an extensive prai- rie, without native tree or shrub, except on the banks of the streams. ^^^opulalion.- The settlement at Green Bay, made in 1669 by the French, was the first within the limits of the state, and for a considerable period remained the only one. But of late the growth has been very rapid. In 1840 the popu- lation was 30,945 ; in 1850, 305,391 ; in 1860, 775,&1, ?n?r Q-", ^^,'"l 1.054.fi70. This number includes 1,051,3d1 whites, 2,113 colored persons and 1,206 Indians out of tribal relations. The Indians li7oV-" °'^ reservations, or agencies, numbered lU,olD. In regard to nativity the population was dis- «Si i^f®^- '^^/^.^.^^^^^ = ^°i"'^ i'l the United States ^^,'FHA'^*''"''"^^ ^^^'-^"^ natives of the state, 5,714 of Conn., 12,233 of 111., 6,415 of Ind., 2.423 of ^Va?' h^^-- ?^ ^^y-' ^'^21 of Me., 10,403 of Mass., ^302 of Mich 2,103 of Minn., 1,386 of i^fo., 4,908 of 5i"q^*-' ¥^^ °i ?-•/•' l('5'«iJ7of N. Y., 23,164 of Ohio, I nff..? v-^''-' ^'Hl^'l^- ^^ l*''*"^! of Vermont and 2,0.59 of Va. and W. Va., and born in foreign coun- tries 364,499, including 25,668 natives of British A^-o^^'^^'^J, *'^*^ °f Austria, 162.314 of Germanv, 6,069 of Switzerland, 2,704 of France, 28,192 of ^'^"f.^^V'Av f '*'9 °f Ireland, 6,590 of Scotland, o',^?i o°-QQ^ ^il^' ^'^° of Holland, 40,046 of Norway and 2, (99 of Sweden. „ i*",-? SJ^P^'i^tio'i of 10 years and over number- ttl^'b'^H^^ whom 292,808 were engaged in all classes of occupations, viz.: 159,687 in agricul- ^^■^i.^ri*^/'^ "i professional and personal servi- ces, 2i,5.J4 in trade and transportation, and 53,- 517 in manufactures and mechanical and min- ing industries. mnerals and mning.—LQa.(\ iron, copper and ,.Pii "^ materials constitute the chief mineral 1 esources of the state. The lead mines are sit- uated 111 La Fayette, Green, Grant and Iowa COS., and yield about 8500,000 worth of the metal per annum. The Penokee Iron Ridge, in Ash- land CO., is one of the most extens^ive in the country, and contains rich mines, vieldin- ores ?. -.1^^^"°'' lu-'^'ity- It is situatedkbont 20 mis. from the P9rt of La Pointe on Lake Superior ^mf nn'/cf«'.''^? deposits are in Sauk, jiekson S !.„ 1 ^ ?® *?°-^- <^?15Per mines occur in the re- ?, V i.i ■'^*^i""^ °'^ ¥^'^''^ Superior, but have thus tai been developed to a limited extent onlv R.?» V=';?'\?°'w'^"* ^!=^y' i^ found at Grand &i.f "*"-'' ^^i«consin R., and some zinc in h^L^f,'^/''^'''"- ^^'-^^ '^"^I '"arl exist in vast beds, underlying the marshes, and are highly ful as full "^ ''^ ' ^^^ foi-mer being also use^ Agricullure.-The best farming region of the honon^i n'^f w,""}^!" P'^^-t' ^^^ P''^^>i-ies and rive? bottoms of which have a highlv productive soil s "o'elf ;'af^in|I'^' ^^'"^^'^^ '"^ ^'^ growin^g and In 1870 Wilconsin had 102,904 farms, of which ^ ,rM.Vi '^n nm°;" ^^ ^Z'^ ^^^I'^S- "'0.064 from 20 to ?^r;\ ^fj^'^*^'*^''*' ^^"O"! 50 to 100 acres, 15,776 from ovei iKcrel '■ '^'°°' ^ *° 1,000 acr4s and^ WISCONSIN. 992 WISCONSIN. The farms included 5,899,343 acres of improved land, 3,437,442 of woodland and 2,378,536 of unim- proved hind. The cash value of farms was $300,- 414,0()4, and of farm implements $14,239,364. Tiie amount of wages paid wa-s $S,186,110, and the to- tal, estimated, value of farm productions, in- cluding aburgh district,. S. C. WITT'S SPRINGS. 994 WOOD. Witt's Sprlngrs, p. o. in Searcy CO., Ark. i;Vixoin, p. o. in Oakland CO., Mich. 'Wobiirn, p. o. in Bond CO., 111. 'Woburn, tn. in Middlesex co., Mass. Pop., 8,.T(iO. »Wobnrn, p. v. in the above tn., on the Wo- buin Branch of the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R., 10 mis. from Boston; has piano, boot and shoe and other manufactories and tan- neries. The pretty lake of Horn Pond is near thti village. Woburn is the seat of Warren A(ia(lemy. Three newspapers. "Wodenethe, p. o. in Henry co., Ind. Wolcott, tn. in New Haven co., Conn. Pop., i'.n. Wolcott, p. o. in the above tn. Wolcott, p. V. in White co., Ind., on the Pitts- burgli, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R., 15 mis. W. of Monticello. Pop., 109. Wolcott, p. V. in Scott CO., Iowa, on tlie Iowa Division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Paci- fic R. R., 121^ mis. W. of Davenport. Wolcott, tn. in Rice co., Minn. Pop., 599. Wolcott, tn. in Wayne co., N. Y. Pop., 3,2-23. •Wolcott, p. V. in the above tn., 12 mis. from Clyde : has saw mills, woollen factories and tanneries. Pop., 858. Wolcott, tn. in Lamoille co., Vt. Pop., 1,132. Wolcott, p. V. in the above tn., 23 mis. from Montpelier. W^olcottsbnr^b, p. o. in Erie co.. N. Y Wolcottsville, p. V. in Niagara co., N. T., 7 mis. from MidtUeport. Pop., 756. *WoIcottville, p. V. in Litchfield co.. Conn., on the Naugatuck R. and R. R., 53 mis. N. of Bridgeport; is largely engaged in manufac- turing brass, musical instruments, locks, carriages, papier mache and other articles. Wolcottville, p. V. in La Grange co., Ind., on the Grand Rapids and Indiana R. R., 3 mis. N. of Rome City. Pop., 80. Wolf, p. o. in I'latte co.. Neb. Wolf, tn. in Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop., 819. Wolf Bayou, p. o. in Independence co., Ark. Wolfborougli, tn. in Carroll co., N. H. Pop., I,9!t5. Wolfborong:li, p. v. in the above tn., on Winnipiseogee Lake, 12}^ mis. from Alton Bay, 40 nils, from Concord, it has manufactories, and is a place of summer resort. One news- papi'r. Wolfboron^h Centre, p. o. in Carroll co., N. H. Wolf Branch, p. o. in Coffee co., Ala. Wolf €reeU, p. o. in Pike co.. Ark. W^olf €reeU, p. o. in Williamson co., 111. Wolf Creek, p. o. in Marshall CO., Ind. Wolf Creek, p. V. in Meade CO., Ky., on the Oliio R., if) mis. from Brandenburgh. Wolf Creek, p. o. Wright co.. Mo. W^olf Creek, p. o. in Cherokee CO., N. C. "Wolf Creek, tn. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 555. Wolf Creek, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. S. E. of MerC(3r. Wolf Creek, v. in Cocke co., Tenn., on tlie French Broad R. and the Cincinnati, Cumber- land Gap & Charleston R. R., 39 mis. S. E. of Morristown. Pop. about 400. Wolf Creek, p. o. in Scott co., Tenn. Wolf Creek, tn. in Monroe CO., W. Va. Pop., l.fjt. Wolf Creek, p. o. in the above tn. Wolf Creek, p. o. in Polk co., Wis. Wolfclale, p. V. in Woodbury co., Iowa, 26 mis. E. of Sioux City. Wolfe, CO. in Ivy., E. part. Area about 3.50 sq. mis. Pop., 3,603. The Kentucky R. forms the southern boundary and its tributary. Red R., rises in the S. part of this co. and flows to the N. W. The surface is rolling and in some parts hilly. The soil is generally productive. Cainptou'is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 4,145 bush.; rye, 1.159 bush.; In- dian-corn, 106,152 bush.; oats, 15,734 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,070 bush.; sweet pot's, 3,355 bush,; but- ter, 72,121 lbs.; hay, 453 tons. Cash valne of farms, $;i54, 100. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $183,971. Value of manufactures, $."0,269. Wolf CJlatle, p. o. in Carroll co , Va. Wolf Hill, p. o. in Albany co., N. Y. Wolf Island, tn. in Mississippi co., Mo. Pop., 6.52. Wolf Island, p. o. in the above tn. Wolf Knob, p. o. in McDowell co., N. C. Wolf I.,ake, p. V. in Noble co., Ind., 9 mis. from Brimrteld. Wolf River, a tributary of the Mississippi R.; rises in Tipi)ah co.. Miss., and flowing W. N, W. empties near Memphis, Tenn. Wolf River, a small streani in Miss.; inter- sects Hancock and Harrison cos. and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. Wolf River, a tributary of the Fox R. in Wis.; rises in Oconto co., and flowing south through Outagamie, Shawano and Waupaca cos., emp- ties in Winnebago co. In the latter co. it ex- pands into Poygan, or Pewaugan, Lake. It is navigable by steamboats for about 150 mis. above its mouth. Wolf River, tn. in Doniphan co., Kans. Pop., 1,934. Wolf River, tn. in Winnebago co.. Wis. Pop., 505. W^olf Run, p. o. in Lycoming co., Pa. Wolfsburg-h, p. o. in Bedford co., Pa. Wolf Skill, p. o. in Oglethorpe co., Ga. Wwlfs Store, p. o. in Centre co., Pa. Wolf Summit, p. o. in Harrison co., W. Va. W^olfsville, p. V. in Frederick co., Md., 18J4 mis. from Frederick. W^olfsville, p. o. in Union co., N. C. Wolf Trap, p. v. in Halifax co., Va., on Rich- mond & Danville R. R., 36 mis. E. by N. of Danville. Pop. about 25. Wollaston, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., on Old Colony R. R., 6>^ mis. S. of Boston. Wolrab Mills, p. o. in Hardin co.. 111. *Womelsdorf, p. borough in Berks CO., Pa. on tlie Lebanon Valley Branch of the Phila- delphia * Reading R. R., 15 mis. W. of Reading. Seat of the Orphans' Home of the Reformed Church. Pop., 1,031. W^oiiders, p. o. in Nacogdoches co., Tex. Wonewoc, tn. in .Juneau co.. Wis. Pop., 930. Wonewoc, p. v. in the above tn., 15 mis. from Mauston. Wood, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. E. part ; lies on the Plateau du Cotean dee Prairi»>s. and has a rolling surface, which is much diversified by numerous small lakes. Wood, tn. in Clarke CO., Ind. Pop., 730. Wood, tn. in Texas CO., Mo. Pop., 8;54. Wood, CO. in Ohio, N. W. part. Area, 605 sq. mis. Pop., 24,.596 ; in 1860, 17,SS6. The surface is generally level and the soil fertile. Tho Maumee R. forms its N. W. boundary, and is navigable by steamboats. The co. is drained by the Portage R. and several small creeks, and is intersected by the Dayton & Michigan R. R. Bowling Green is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 256,545 bush.; rye, 6,4S1 bush.; Indian-corn, 309,272 bush.; oats, 232,.364 bush.; Irish pot's, 131,(i00 bush.; sweet pot's, 87 bush.; butter, .562,808 lbs.; hay, 28,.579 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,37.5,993. Total, estimate9 there were made here 43.000,000 yards of cotton cloths, 3,300,000 yards of woollen and cassimeres, 100,000 grain tags, 30 tons of cotton warp and 1,000 tons of soap. The Harris Institute has a library of 0,000 volumes. Woonsocket Hill, the highest point in the state, affords fine views over the city and the valley of the Blackstone R. One nu\v8iwiper. Wooster, p. o. in the v. of Kosciusko in Kosci- usko co., Ind., on the Pittsburgh, Chicago & Fort Wayne R. R., 6U mis. E. of Warsaw. Wooster, p. v. in Jefferson co., Iowa, 5 mis. from Glendale. ■Wooster, tn. in Wayne co., Ohio. Pop., 6,564. *Woo.ster, city in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Kilbuck Cr. and the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R., 25 mis. W. of Masil- lon and 135 mis. W. of Pittsburgh. Has exten- sive manufactories, considerable commerce, and IS a prosperous and growing place. It is beautifully located on high ground, affording picturesque views over the surrounding coun- try, wliich is well settled and highly produc- tive. Pop., 5,419; in 1860, 3,3()1. Two newspapers. Woostcrtown, p. v. in Scott co., Ind., 7 mis. from Vienna. Pop., 111. Woosiing, p. V. in Ogle co.. 111., on the Illinois Central R. R., C,]4 mis. N. of Dixon. W^ootten, p. V. in Lee co., Ua., on the South Western R. R., 11 mis. from Albany. Pop., about 100. Worcester, co. in Md., forming the S. E. ex- tremity of the state. Area about 500 sq. mis. Pop., 16,419 ; in 1S60, 20,661. It is bounded on the E. by the Atlantic Ocean and Chincoteague Sound, and on tlie W. partly by the Pocomoke R. St. Martin's R. intersects the co. The sur- face is low and level and the soil moderately fertile. Snow Hill is the co. seat. Agr. pro- ductions in 1870 : Wheat, 20,674 bush.; rye, 20 bush.; Indian-corn, 606,944 bush.; oats, 157,700 bush.; Irish pot's, 60,845 bush.; sweet pot's, 44.836 bush.; butter, 39,460 lbs ; hay, 28 tons. Cash value of farms, $3,461,948. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm proiluctions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., $822,453. Value of manufactures, $286,633. Worcester, co. in Mass., occupying the cen- tral part of the state. Area about 1,500 sq. mis. Pop., 192,716; in J 8()0, 159,6.i9. Its surface is considerably diversified by hills and isolat- ed peaks, as Mt. Wachusett and others. The 80il is productive and well cultivated. The western part is drained by Miller's R., Chico- pee R. and other tributaries of the Connecti- cut R., and the eastern part by Nashua, Black- stone and Thames lis. Numerous R. R. lines intersect the co. Worcester is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 10,016 bush.; rye, 20,612 bush.; Indian-corn, 284,886 bush.; oats, 173,349 l)ush.; Irish pot's, 639,305 bush.; sweet pot's, 24 bush.; butter, 1,275,897 lbs.; hay, 130,185 tons. Cash value of farms, $22,495,282. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $0,- 351,411. Principal products of hidustry : Agri- cultural implements, $391,000; l)leacliing and dyemg, $908,;i55; boots and shoes, $18,901,922; carpets, $1,180,000; men's clotliing, $552,444; cotton goods, $7,814,126 ; edge tools, $614,000 ; flour and meal, $1,298,216; chairs, $3,114,622; hardware, $988,493; hats and caps, $727,725 ; iron castings, $1,392,092 ; curried leather, $1,371,- 393; machinery $4,866,896; paper, .$1,037,104; ])rinted cotton "goods, $1,451,490; straw goods, *8;W,9.50 ; wire, $2,230,072 ; wool len goods, $9,543,- 008, and woosted goods, $l,182,3-'0. Tolal value of muuufactures, $74,579,759. | *Worcester, citj' and the co. seat of Worces- ter CO., Mass., on the Boston &, AlbanvR. E., 44 mis. from Boston and 54 mis. from fepring- lield ; is the S. terminus of the Fitcliburgh & Worcester Division of the Boston, Clinttm & Fitchburgl. R. R., the N. termiimsof the Wor- cester Division of tlie Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R., the N. W. terminus of the Providence & Worcester R. R., theS. terminus of the Wor- cester & Nashua R. R. and the S. E. terminus of the Boston, Barre & Gardner R. R. The city is beautifully situated in the richest agri- cultural region of the state, partly in the val- ley of the Blackstone R. and partly on tho hills inclosing the valley. The streets are wide and mostly intersect each other at right angles. Main street is the principal thorough- fare, and contains several fine clmrclies and the principal business houses and hotels. Near its lower end is the Oread Seminary, and Central Park is E. of the street. Passing N. many fine business blocks are seen, ■with St. Paul's church (Catholic), Trinity church (Methodist), the High School, etc." On the right is the Mechanics' Hall, and on the side streets, diverging to the left, are the Post- ofBce, the building of the Young Men's Chris- tian Association and the Free Library, which contains 32,000 volumes. The rooms of the Natural History Society, with valuable col- lections, are on Foster street. On Main street, beyond Mechanics' Hall and the Bay State House, is the old Exchange Hotel, where Washington and La Fayette stopped, and just beyond it the Congregational church, the Co'urt House and the building of the Ameri- can Antiquarian Society, which has a library of 50,000. Worcester has numerous fine educational and literary institutions, as the Classical and English High School, the Oread Seminarv, for young ladies, the College of the Holy Cross "(Roman Catholic), the State Normal Scliool, the Free Industrial School, with lecture halls, laboratories and all appliances for instruc- tion in arcliitecture, civil engineering, chem- istry, etc., and the Highland ^lilitary School. The State Lunatic Asylum is near Lake Quin- sigamoud. In the Park stands the Gothic monument erected in honor of Colonel T. Bige- low, and near it will be raised the Soldiers' Monument, with bronzes east in Munich. Worcester was settled in 1669. In 1850 it had a population of 17,049; in 1860, 24,960, and in 1870, 41,105, of wliom 29,159 were natives of tho United Slates, and 11,946 of foreign countries. In all classes of occupaUons were employed 16,527 persons, viz.: in agriculture, 567 ; in pro- fessional and personal services, li.'VW; in trade and transportation, 2,339, and in manufactures and mechanical industiies, 9,082. Worcester is, next to Boston, the chief man ufacturing city of the state, and produces cotton and woollen goods, hollow ware, iron castings, carpets, railroad cars, agricultural implements, pistols, musical instruments, telegraph and other wire, paper, saddles, har- ness and mechanics' tools. Six newspapers are published in the city, of which the following are dailies: "Worces- ter Gazette," " Worcester Press," antl " Wor- cester Spy." Worcester, tn. in Otsego co., N. Y. Pop., 2,327, Worcester, p. v. in the above tn., on the Sus- quehanna 11. and the Albany & Susquehanna R. R., 5 mis. N. E. of Schenevus and 60 mis. W. S. W. of Albany ; contains several flouring mills and is a tliriving agricultural place. Worcester, tn. in Montgomery co., Pa. Pop., 1,.587. Worcester, p. o. in the above tn. Worcester, tn. in Washington co., Vt. Pop., 775. Worcester, p. v. in the above tn., 9 mis. from Montpelier. WORDEN. 999 WRIGHT. Wordeii, p. v. in Madison co., III., on the To- ledo, Wabash & Western K. K., 19 mis. S. W. of Litchfield. Worhsburgli, p. o. in Chautauqua co., N. Y. Worley Furnace, p. o. in Dickson co.. Tenn. WorKliani, p. o. in Prince Edward co., Va. Wortentlj'lte, p. v. in Bergen co., N. J., on the New Jersey Division of the New York & Os- Aveg^o Midland R. R., 2() mis. from Jersey City. Worth, CO. in Ga., S. central part. Area, 637 sq. mis. Pop., 3,778; in 1860, 2,763. It is bounded on the S. E. by Little R., a tributary of the Whitlilacoochee R., and on the N. W. by the Flint R. The southern part is drained by the tributaries ofthe former stream, the northern by those of the latter. The surface is low and level and in parts covered with but little pro- ductive pine barrens. Isabella is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Indian-corn, 84,194 bush.; oats, 13,381 bush.; Irish pot's, 567 bush.; sweet pot's, 24,219 bush.; cotton, 2,051 bales; rice, 4,568 lbs.: butter, 6,198 lbs. Cash value of farms, $201,845. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $305,678. Value of manufactures, *2.%202. "Worth, tn. in Cook co.. III. Pop., 1,747. Worth, tn. in Woodford co.. 111. Pop., 1,000. Worth, tn. in Boone co., Ind. Pop., 1,343. Worth, CO. in Iowa, N. part. Area, 432 sq. mis. Pop., 2,892 ; in 1860, 756. The surface is roll- ing ; the soil not fertile. Shell Rock R. inter- sects the central part from N. to S. The co. borders in the N. on Minn, and is crossed by the Iowa Central R. R. and a branch of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R. R. North- Avood is the co. seat. Agr, productions in 1870: Wheat, 97,156 bush.; Indian-corn, 49,472 bush.; oats, 71,107 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,161 bush.; ■wool, 5.226 lbs.; butter, 94,290 lbs.; hay, 9,839 tons. Cash value of farms, $738,641. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $223,474. Value of manufactures, $38,725. Worth, tn. in Boone co., Iowa. Pop., 975. Worth, p. V. in Tuscola CO., Mich., 12 mis. E. of Bridgeport Centre. Worth, tn. in Sanilac co., Mich. Pop., 1,434. Worth, p. o. in Winona co., Minn. Worth, CO. in Mo., N. "W. part. Pop., 5,004. The surface is undulating and comprises prairie and timber lands in nearly equal proportion. The principal streams aie the East, Middle and West Forks of the Grand R., and the Platte R. The soil is generally productive. Grant Citv is tlie co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 29,576 bush.; rye, 3,762 bush.; Indian-corn, 375,035 bush.; oats, 71,816 bush.; Irish pot's, 31^396 bush.; sweet pot's, 301 bush.; tobacco, 5,624 lbs.; butter, 105,869 lbs.; hay, 9,966 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,803,383. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, inclutling additions to stock, etc., $325,- 387. Value of manufactures, $40,020. Worth, p. o. in the above co. Worth, tn. in JelTerson co., N. Y. Pop., 727. Worth, tn. in Butler co., Pa. Pop., 893. Worth, tn. in Centre Co., Pa. Pop., 650. Worth, tn. in Mercer co.. Pa. Pop., 1,084. Worth, p. V. in the above tn., 5 mis. E. of West Middlesex and 7 mis. W. of Mercer, the CO. scat. Worth Centre, p. o. in Jefferson co., N. Y. Worthln^ton, p. v. in Greene co., Ind., on the Wabash & Erie Canal and the Indianapolis & Vincennes R, R., 71 mis. S. W. of Indianapolis. It lies at the junction of the Eel R. with the West Fork of White B., lias manufactories and is the trade center for a rich agricultural section. Pop. about 900. One newspaper. Worthington, p. v. in Dubuque co., Iowa, on Dubuque S. VV. R. B., 7 mis. S. W. of Farley. Worthington, p. o. in Jefferson co., Ky. Worthing'ton, tn. in Hampshire co., Mass. Pop., 860. Worthington, p. v. in the above tn., lOJ^ mis. E. of Hinsdale. *Worthington, p. v. in Noble co., Minn., on Okabena Lake and the St. Paul & Sioux City R. R., 178 mis. S. W. of St. Paul; lies in the midst of a stock raising country. Pop. about 350. One newspaper. Worthington, p. v. in Franklin co., Ohio, on the Columbus Division of the Cleveland, Co- lumbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R, R., 8}^ mis. N. of Columbus. Worthington, tn. in Richland co., Ohio. Pop., 1,876. "Worthington, p. borou§rh in Armstrong co. Pa., 7 mis. from Kittannmg. Pop., 216. "Worthington, p. o. in Marion co., W. Va. "Worthington Crossing, p. o. in Wells co., Ind. Worthville, p. o. in Butts co., Ga. Worthville, p. o. in Carroll co., Ky. Worthville, p. V. in Jefferson co., N. Y., 10J4 mis. from Adams. Worthville, p. o. in Jefferson co.. Pa. Worton, p. o. in Kent CO., Md. "Wosham, p. o. in Sumner co., Tenn. "Wren, p. o. in Chippewa co., Minn. Wrentham, tn. in Norfolk co., Mass. Pop., 2,292. Wrentham, p. v. in Norfolk co., Mass., 5 mis. S. of Norfolk and 30 mis. S. W. of Boston. It has cotton mills, straw bonnet manufactories and one newspaper. Wright, tn. in Greene CO., Ind. Pop., 1,104. Wright, p. o'. in the above tn. "Wright, CO. In Iowa, N. central part. Area, 676 sq. mis. Pop., 2,392 ; in 1860, 653. The sur- face is rolling ; the soil moderately fertile. Prairies predominate. The Iowa R. intersects the E. part and Boone R. with its tributaries the W. part of the co. Clarion is the co seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 72,558 bush.; Indian-corn, 85,284 bu,sh.; oats, 55,859 bush.; Irish pot's, 8,852 bush.; wool, 3,734 lbs.; butter, 63,3.54 lbs.: hay, 8,053 tons. Cash value of farms, $682,665. Total, estimated, value of all farna productions, including additions to stock, etc., $212,609. Value of manufactures, $36,625. Wright, tn. in Wayne co., Iowa. Pop., 953. Wright, tn. in Hillsdale CO., Mich. Pop., 1,814. "Wright, tn. in Ottawa CO., Mich. Pop., 2,077. Wright, v. in Ottawa co., Mich. Pop. in 1800, 1,312. Wright, CO. in Minn., central part. Area, 725 sq. mis. Pop., 9,4.57 : in 1860, 3,729. It borders in the N. E. on the INIississippi R., and the Crow R. intersects it from W. to E. and then forms the S. E. boundary. There are numer- ous lakes in this co., as Pelican Lake, Clear- water Lake and others. The St. Paul & Pacific R. R. passes through the co. from E. to W. Buffalo is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 134,095 bush.; rj'C, 2,221 bush.; Indian-corn, 69,572 bush.; oats, 97,282 bush.; Irish pot's, 51,748 bush.; butter, 115.675 lbs.; hay, 6,961 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,131,256. Total, estimated, value of all farm produc- tions, including additions to stock, etc., $309,- 251. Value of manufactures, $113,820. Wright, CO. in Mo., S. part. Pop., 5,084; in 1860, 4,508. The surface is mostly rugged and broken. The Ozark Hills occupy the southern part. 'Tlie co. is drained b.y the Gasconade R. and its affluents. The valleys are rich ; the uplands but moderately productive. Ilart- ville is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : "Wheat, 42,316 bush.; rye, 1,352 bush.: Indian- corn, 247,7*5 bush.; oats, 29,286 bush.; Irish pot's, 13,109 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,023 bush.; to- bacco, 37,551 lbs.; butter, 36,799 lbs.; hay, 399 tons. Cash value of farms, $608,918. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, in- cluding additions to stock, etc., $356,317. Value of manufactures, $18,1.55. "Wright, tn. in Schoharie CO., N. Y. Pop., 1,525. Wright, tn. in Luzerne co., Pa. Pop., 603. WEIGHT CITY. 1000 WYOMING. Wright City, p. v. in Warren co., Mo., on the North Missouri R. R.,6 mis. E. of Warrenton. Wrisht's? tn. in Morgan CO., 111. Pop., 2,022. ■Wright's Bluff, p. v. in Clarendon district, S. C, 21 nils, from Manchester. Wrifflitsborons'h'j l^- o. in Gonzales co., Tex. "Wriaflit'H Bridg-e, p. o. in Midland co., Mich. "Wright's Comers, p. o. in Dearborn co., IlKl. Wright's Corners, p. v. in Niagai-a Co., N. Y., 3'4 nils, from Lockport. "Wright's Ferry, p. o. in Ci-awford co., "Wis. "Wright's Blills, v. in I'urkd co., Ind., 10 mis. from Uookville. "Wrightstowii, p. v. in Burlington CO., N. J., ou tlic Pcniberton & Hightstown R. R., 5>^mls. N. E. of Peniberton. Wrightstowii, tn. in Bucks CO.. Pa. Pop., 823. Wrightstowii, p. v. in the above tn., 10 mis. from Dovlestown. Wrightstowii, tn. in Brown co.. Wis. Pop., 1.441). Wrightstowii, p. V. in the above tn., on the Fox 11. and the Wisconsin Division of the Chi- cago & Northwestern R. R., 13 nils, from Ap- pleton. "Wrightsville, p. o. in Pulaski co.. Ark. Wrlghtsvillc, p. v. and the co. seat of John- son CO., G;i.. II) mis. from Tennille. Wrightsville, p. o. in Greene co.. 111. Wrightsville, v. in Monmouth co., N. J., 5 mis. from Allcntown. "Wrightsville, p. borough in York co., Pa., on the Susquehanna R., opposite Columbia, on tlie Susquehanna & Tide- water Canal and the "York Branch of the Pennsylvania R. R., 12 uils. E. of York ; is engaged in the lumber, coal, lime and iron trade. Pop., 1,544. One newspaper. Wrightsville, v. in Warren co.. Pa., on Little Broken Straw Cr. Wrightsville, p. o. in Jackson co.. Wis. Wurtembcrg, p. v. in Lawrence co., Pa., on Slipijery Rock Cr., 6 mis. E. of Rock Point. Wurtsborough, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., on the New York & Oswego Midland R. R., 12 mis. from Middletown. Pop., 797. Wyacondn, p. v. in Scotland co.. Mo., 9 mis. N. of ^icmphis, the co. seat. Wyalusing, tn. in Bradford CO., Pa. Pop., 1,707. Wyalusiiig, p. v. in the above tn., on the Sus- quehanna R. and the Pennsvlvania & New York Canal anil R. R. Co.'s Line, 33 mis. N. W. of Tuiikhannock. Wyaliising, tn. in Grant CO., Wis. Pop., 800. Wyalnsing, p. v. in the above tn., on the Mississip])i R., a few mis. below the mouth of the Wisconsin R. Wyandot, co. in Ohio, N. W. central part. Area. 410 sq. mis. Pop., 18,5,^3; in 1.S60, 15,590. The surface is level ; the soil fertile and es- pecially adapted to grazing. The co. is inter- sected bj' tile Sandusky R. and its tributaries. Tlie Sandusky & Cleveland R. R. and the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R. R. tra- verse it. Upper Sanilusky is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70: Wheat, 3SS,03l4 mis. from Hillsborough. WyUertown, p. o. in Sussex co., N. J. Wyfcotf, p. V. in Fillmore co., Minn., on South- ern Minnesota R. R., 09 nils. W. of La Crosse. Wylliesburgh, p. v. in Charlotte co., Va., 13 mis. from Mossing Ford. Wynaiit, p. v. in Shelby co., Ohio, 3)4 mle. from Houston. "Wynantskill, p. v. in Rensselaer co., N. Y., il4 mis. from Troy. Pop., 140. Wy'nema, p. o. in Ventura co., Cal. Wynii, p. o. in Franklin co., Ind. Wynnville, p. o. in Blount co., Ala. Wyocena, tn. in Columbia co., Wis. Pop., 1,281. Wyocena, p. v. in the above tn., on the La Crosse Division of the Milwaukee & St Paul R. R., 8 mis. S. E. of Portage City. Pop., 270. WYOMING, territory in the western part of the United States ; is bounded on the N. by Mont. Ter., on the E. by Dak. Ter. and Nebr., on the S. bv Colo. Ter. and Utah Ter., and on the W. bv Mont. Ter., Idaho Ter. and Utali Ter. It extends from 41° to 45° N. lat. and from 104° to 111° W. long. It is 355 mis. long from E. to W. and 270 mis. wide from N. to S., and has an area of 97,980 sq. mis. or 02,64.5,120 acres. Surface.— Wyo. is a mountainous region. The Rocky Mts. trend through it from the S. E. to the >f. W., and witli their subordinate ranges occupy the larger part of its area. The princi- pal chain of the great system is here interrupted by the South Pass and the valley of the Sweet- water R., which intersects the territory from W. to E. South of this valley are the Sweet Water Mts. and the Black Hills, which bound the Laramie Plains on the N. and E., and still further S. the northern prolongations of tlie Medicine Bow Mts., the Elk Mts. and t he Sieira Escalante, with its spurs, the Bishop, Queen anil Horned Mts., which enter the territory from Colo. Ter. North of the South Pass rises the Wind River Range, the highest of the territorj-, support ing the lofty Fremont I'k. (13,570 feel). Union Pk., Mt. Harden (13,8.58 feet) and others. The Rattle- snake Hills bound the valley of the Sweet Water R. on the N. and terniiiiato on the banks of the North Platte R. The Big Horn Mts. cuu- WYOMING. 1001 WYOMING. Sist of several chains, which cover a large re- gion E. of the Big Horn R., and the Black Hills (not to be confounded with the chain of tlie same name mentioned before) extend from Dak. Ter. into Wyo. Ter., and occupy a region Of more than 6,000 sq. mis., between the Xorth and South Forks of the Cheyenne R. Their mghest pks. attain an attitude of over 6,700 feet. Rivers and La];es.—\Yyo. is intersected by the great continental divide, here formed by the Rocky Mts. The N. E. part of it is drained by affluents of the Missouri R., as the Yellow Stone, Big Horn, Platte and others, and the S. W. part by the Green R., a branch of the Colorado of the West. The Yellow Stone R. issues from the Yellow btone Lake in the N. part of Uintah co., and traverses that famous region which has been made by act of Congress a National Park, to be kept forever in its natural state, with its stu- pendous canyons and waterfalls, geysers and volcanic springs, and to remain unoccupied by settlers. Wind River has its rise near Fre- mont s Pk.; flows S. E. for nearly 100 mis. along the eastern foothills of the Wind River Mts., and after receiving the Popo Agie, turns X. and passes along the base of the Big Horn Mts. under the name of Big Horn R. Grey Bull R and Bad Water Cr. are its principal alftuents in this territory. Po\vder R. rises in the Big Horn Mts., and with its tributaries Little Powder Cr., fealt Clear Fork and Crazv Woman's Fork drains a large portion of K. E. Wyo. The North and South Forks of the Shyenne R. intersect the E. part of the territory and dram the lofty group of the Black Hills with numerous small affluents. The North Platte R. enters Wyo. from the North Park of Colo. Ter flows N. N. W. to its junction with the Sweet Water R. and then turns gradually E. throuo-h the valley between the Rattlesnake Hills and the Black Hills, receiving Big and Little Lara- mie Rs. and other affluents. The Green R. rises in the Wind River Mts and flows S. into Utah Ter. It receives the Big Sandy R., Bitter Cr., Current Cr., Muddy Fork and Henry's Fork, beside numerous smaller affluents. West of the Wind River Mts. rise two branches of the Snake R., the Gros Ventres and .John Gray's Rs. Climate.— Tlxe climate of Wyo. is marked by great extremes, though on the whole mild ancl very salubrious. The mean annual temperature along the Rocky Mts. is about 3(i'=' and thence increases to 45° and 4G° in the eastern part and to 42° in the south-western. The winters are extreme, especially among the mountains, but the summers are warm and in the valleys hot. The amount of rain and snow falling dur- ing the year averages about 12 inches, and only in the extreme eastern portion it rises to 16 in- ches and over. The vegetation is scanty. Many of the moun- tain slopes and foothills produce bunch and bulTalo grasses, occasionally Avith scatterin" pine, spruce and aspen limber, while the hi-^her mountain flanks and the crests of the lower ranges are covered with pine, spruce and hem- lock forests. The trees often attain a large size and yield excellent lumber. Population.— yfjo. had, in 1S70, 9,118 inhabi tants, of whom 8,726 were white, 1S3 colored 143 Chinese and 66 Indians. The Indian trilies living on reservations and agencies were estimated at 2,400 persons. The native population numbered 5,605 and the foreign population 3,513, inclusive of 329 natives of British America, 652 of Germany, 556 of Eno-- land, 1,102 of Ireland and 260 of Scotland. ° In all classes of occupations were eiWao-ed 6,645 persons, of whom 165 were enga<'ed ina^ri culture, 3,170 in professional and personal ser- Tices, 1,646 in trade and transportation and 1 664 m manufactures and mechanical and mining mdustries. ^ Minerals and joining.— uyte all the territories or states of the far west, Wvo. is rich in min- eral treasures. Gold mines have been opened near several stations of the Pacific R. R.,and new discoveries have been made in other sec- tions. Gulch mining for gold is also carried on with good success. Extensive coal fields exist, often in iuxtapo- sition with rich iron deposits. The large coal field which extends along the eastern base of the Rocky Mts. from Lodge Polo Cr. to the Ar- kansas R. in Colo. Ter., lies partlv within this territory. On Cooper Cr., W. of Laramie. B seam ot coal 9 feet thick has been opened, and there are others in the same locality of still greater thickness. Along the Union Pacific R. R. in the Western part of the territory numer- ous coal discoveries have been made, and if they should all belong to the same bed, the area underlaid by productive coal measures would be quite extensive and include the entire pla- teau ot Green R. Iron seems also to be very abundant. The valley of the Chug Water R. is rich in magnetic iron ore of superior quality, and other ores are known to exist in the Black Hill country. Gyp- sum, copper and lead occur in several locali- ties, but are not yet worked. Agriculture.— The aridity of tlie climate ren- ders irrigation indispensable in fanning, and as only the narrow valleys along the streams can bo irri";ated the area fit for farming is quito limited. n^^" W'^. there were 175 farms in the territory, 164 of which had less than 10 acres. The faims included 33S acres of improved land, 35 acres of woodland and 3,968 acres of unimproved land, the cash value of farms was $18,187, and tho total, estimated, value of farm productions, in- !?.\'^4iJ?° improvements and additions to stock, •$42,760. According to the census the produc- tions were oats, 100 bush.; Irish pot's, 617 bush • wool, 30.000 lbs.; butter, 1,200 lbs.; and hay, 3 ISO tons. The live stock had a value of *441,7i)5, and included 584 horses, 283 mules and asses, 707 ?^,lln ^^°^^^' '^-^ working oxen, 9,501 other cattle, 6,409 sheep and 146 swine. The 32 manutVicturing establishments pro- duced goods to the value of $765,424. They used 13 steam-engines of 310 horse-power, and two water-wheels of 34 hoi-se-power. The number of hands employed was 502 ; the capital invest- ed amounted to $889,400 ; the wages paid to $347,- y'l?'.]?^}^^*',.,"^'^^^"^^^ consumed had a value ot $280,156. The principal products of industry, with their values, were sawed lumber, $158 GOO- railroad ties, $110,000 ; milled quartz, $76,600 -tin copper and sheet-iron ware, $10,320 ; and boots and shoes, $41,640. The Union Pacific R. R. intersects the south- ern part of Wyo. from E. to W., and has within tlie same a length of 470 mis. The Denver lacific, connecting Cheyenne with Denver, Colo. Ter., has been completed. Wealth and Taxation.— The assessed value of real estate was, in 1870, $863,66.5, and of personal estate $4.6.53 083. The true, or estimated, value ot both kinds of property, together, was $7,016,- 748. The territorial taxes amounted to $6,163, and the county taxes to $28,308. Government.— The Governor and Secretary are appointed by the President of the United States for four years. The Legislative Assem- bly consistj! of a Council of nine members and j^^^^ouse of Representatives of tliirteen mera- The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court, District Courts, Probate Courts and Justices of the Peace. The Supreme Court consists of a Chief Justice and two AssociaK^ J ustices, any two of whom constitute a quorum, and who hold a term at the seat of government rt«,\'i"^y^/, ^l'^-^' '1^'? 'Appointed liy the Pi-esi- dent ot the United States for four years. The WYOMING. 1002 XENIA. territory is clividerl into three judicial districts, and in cacli of tliem a District Court is lield by one of tlie Justices of tlie Supreme Court. The territory is divided into the following 5 cojiiitles : Albany, Carbon, Laramie, Sweet- water and Uintah. The territorial capital is Cheyenne City,which lias 1,450 inhabitants. 'Wyoming, p. v. in Kent co., Del., on the Dela- ware 11. R., 3 mis. S. of Dover. Is the seat of \Vy online; College. Pop., 280. One newspaper. Wyomingri tn. in Lee co.. 111. Pop., ],'280. ♦Wyoming', p. v. in Stark co.. III., on Spoon 11., the Peoria & Kock Island R. R. and the I5uda & Rushville Division of the Chicago, JSurlington & Quincy R. R., C nils, from Tou- lon. Po])., G40. One newspaper. Wyomliig-, tn. in Jones co., Iowa. Pop., 1.733. ^Wyoming-, p. v. in the above tn., on the Dav- enport & St. Paul R. R., 21 mis. N. \V. of AVheatland. in a farming and stock-raising district. One newspaper. ■Wyoming', p. o. in Mai'shall co., Kans. Wyoming, p. o. in Hath co., Ky. Wyoming, tn. in Kent co., Mich. Pop., 1,786. Wyoming, tn. in Chisago co., Minn. Pop., 522. Wyoming, p. v. in the above tn., on the Lake Superior & Mississippi Division of the North- ern Pacific R. R., 30 nils, from St. Paul. Wyoming, p. y. in Otoe CO., Nebr., 7}^ mis. fi'oin Nebraska City. Wyoming, co. in N. Y., W. part. Area about 5f)0 sq. mis. Pop., 29,164 ; in I860, 31,9'i8. It borders in the S. E. on the Genesee R., and has an undulating surface with a productive soil, which consists of a sandy loam well adapted to grazing and stock raising. The CO. is drained by the head waters of Tona- wanda, Allen's, iJulTalo and Cattaraugus Crs. and intersected by the Buffalo Branch of the New York Erie R.'R. Warsaw is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1S70 : Wheal , 272, .'w--* bush.; rye, 6,912 bush.; Indian-corn, ]',t.',,24;) bush.; oats, 514,862 bush.; Irish pot's, 24;J,624 liush.; wool, 355,661 lbs,; cheese, 709,935 ll)s.; butter, 1,561,291 lbs.; hay, 105,118 tons. Cash value of farms, (3(17,717,480. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., ijo.9^^7,.573. The principal products of industry, with their values, are as follows : Cheese, ^4/5,684 ; flour and meal, $585,349 ; tan- ned leather, $'J07,226 ; and saddlery and har- ness, .$158,000. Total value of manufactures, fr2,316,250. ♦Wyoming, p. v. in the above co., 4 mis. E. of Dale. Pop., 338. Wyoming, )). o. in Hamilton co., Ohio. Wyoming, co. in Pa., N. E. part. Area about 400 sq. mis. Pop., 14,.585; in 1860, r2,,540. The East Branch of the Susquehanna R. passes through the co. from N. W. to S. E. and re- ceives Mahoopcny Cr., Bowman's Cr. and Tunkhannock Cr. Elk Mt. passes through the CO. from S. W. to N. E. and is broken by the valley of the Susquehanna. The soil is but moderately productive. Tunkhannock is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat. 71,Sooclle, p. o. in Howell co.. Mo. Yankee Hill. p. o. in Butte co., Cal. Yankee Hollow, p. o. in Jo Daviess co.. 111. Yankee Jim's, p. v. in Placer co., Cal., 7 mis. from Colfax. Yankee Ridg-e, p. o. in Harrison co.. Mo. Yankee Ridg^e, p. v. in Coshocton co., Ohio, 20 mis. from Coshocton. Yankee Settlement, p. v. in Clayton co., Iowa, on the DaveniDort & St. Paul R. R., 15 mis. N. of Delaware. Yankee Spring', tn. in Barry co., Mich. Pop., 1,023. Yankee Spring-, p. o. in the above tn. Yankeetown, p. o. in Warrick co., Ind. Yankeetown, p. o. in Crawford co., Wis. Yankton, co. in Dak. Ter., S. part. Pop., 2.097. It is bounded on the S. by the Missouri R., which sepai-ates it from Nebr.. and is in- tersected from N. to S. by the Dakota R., which joins the Missouri R. within this co. The bottoms extending along the water- courses are very fertile. Yankton is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 18,2-25 bush.; Indian-corn, 8,8.55 bush.; oats, 15,075 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,459 bush.; wool, 7.000 lbs.; butter, 5,060 lbs.; hay, 3,177 tons. Cash value of farms, $301,900. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to YANKTON. 1004 YELLOW MEDICINE. Btock, etc., $97,120. Talue of manufactures, $21,800. •Yaiiliton, city, the co. seat of Yankton co., Dak. Ten, and tlie territorial ciipUal, on the Missouri K., about 7 rals. from the uiouth of the Dakota R., and at S. terminus of the Da- kota Southern R. R., 61 mis. N. W. of Sioux City. Steamers connect it with the principal ports on the Missouri. Has an active trade and rapidly growing wealth and population. Pop., 737. Four n(;wspapers. Yantic, p. v. in New London co.. Conn., on the Yantic R. and the Kew London Northern R. R., 16 mis. N. of New l^ondon. It is exten- sively engaged in manufactures. Taplmiik, p. V. in Sulfolk co., N. Y., on the Long Island R. R., 60 mis. E. of Brooklyn. Yarclley ville, p. v. in Rucks co.. Pa., on the Delaware R. and the Delaware Division Canal, ]i-^mk>. from Greensburgh, N. J. Yarrtville, p. v. in Mercer co., N. J., on the Camden & Amboy R. R., 10 mis. S. W. of Ilightstown. Pop. about o.tO. Yarmouth, tn. in Cumljcrland co.. Me. Pop., LS7-\ *Yarinonth, p. v. in the .above tn., at the crossing of the Grand Trunk I?. R. and Maine Central R. R., 16 mis. N. N. E. of Portland. Pleasantly situated on the coast, seat of an academy and jiopulatcd by a steady and i"e- flned people. The principal interest is ship- building. Yarmotitli, tn. in Barnstable co., Mass. Pop., 2,423. Yarmouth, p. v. in the above tn„ on the Cape Cod R. R., 76 mis. S. S. E. of Boston. Engaged in the manufacture of salt and the fisheries. '^Yarmouth Port, p. v. in Barnstable co., Mass., on the Cape Cod R. R., 75 nils. S. S. E. of Boston. Has coast trade and large inter- ests in the mackerel and other fisheries. One ncwspai:>er. Yates, tn. in McLean co.. 111. Pop., 1,04S. Yates, CO. iu N. Y.. W. central part. Area about 320 sq. mis. Pop., 19,59.5 ; in 1860, 20,290. It is bounded on the E. by Seneca Lake and on the W. partly by Crooked and Canandaigua Lakes. TheN. E. extension of Crooked Lake extends into the co. The surface is undulat- ing and the southern part hilly; the soil is mostly productive. The iilmira, .Jetferson & Canandaigua Division of the ErieR. R. inter- sects the CO. Penn Yau is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 414,869 bush.: rye, 28,37.5 Inish.; Indian-corn, 337.983 bush.; bats, 507,165l)ush.; Irish pot's, 109,692 bush.; wool, 402,176 lbs.; cheese, 41,614 lbs.; butter, 670,272 lbs.; hay, 39,575 tons. Cash value of farms, $15,118,257. Total, estimated, value of all farm l)roductions, including additions to stock, etc., $2,940,115. Value of manufactures, $1,268,- 864. Yates, tn. in Orleans Co., N. Y. Pop., 2,014. Yates, p. V. in the above tn., 8 mis. from Me- dina. Yates City, p. v. in Knox co.. 111., on the Buda & Rush ville Division of tlie Chicago, Burling- ton & Quincy R. R., at intersection of Gales- burgh & Peoria Branch of same, 2 mis. \V. of Elmwood. Pop. about 600. One newspaper. Yatesville, tn. in Morgan co.. 111. Pop., 1,440. Yatesville, p. o. in I>unenburgh Co., Va. Yatton, p. V. in AVashington co., Iowa, on the Muscatine Division of the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Minnesota R. R. Yavapai, co. In Ariz. Ter., N. E. part. Area about 6S,(|00 sq. mis. Pop., 2,142. It embraces the larger portion of the territory, and is bounded on the S. by the Gila R. Tlie Colo- rado R. intersects tlie N. \V. corner of the eo. and receives the Little Colorado, or Flax, R. The central part is travei'sed by the Rio Sa- lado and its tributary, the Rio'San Francis- co. The CO. consists chiefly of lofty table- lands, with superimposed mountain "chains, as the Mo^ollon Mts. San Francisco ML, Bill Williams Mt., the northern section of the Pinalenno Mts. and others. The soil isgener- ally barren and the climate arid. Some val- leys are fit for cultivation. Mining and stock laising are the principal occupations. Prus- cott is the CO. seat. Yazoo, p. o. in Harrison co., Iowa. Yazoo, CO. in Miss., W. part. Area about S20 sq. mis. Pop., 17,279 ; in 18(», 22,373. The Big Black R. forms the entire south-eastern boun- dary, and the Yazoo R. partly the western. The latter stream also intersects and, with its tributaries, drains the co. The eastern part is somewhat rolling and several bundled feet higher than tlie western, which consists of. low alluvial bottoms, intei'spersed with cy- press swamps. Y'azooCity is the co. seat. Agi-. productions in 1870: Indian-corn, 290,44S bush.; oats, 160 bush.; Irish pot's, 5,171 bush..; sweet pot's, 35,509 bush.; cotton, 26,047 bales; butter, 9,100 lbs. Cash value of farms, $2,890,- 611. Total, estimated, value of all farm pro- ductions, includinfj additions to stock, etc., $2,227,854. Value of manufactures. $41,475. *Yazoo City, p. V. and CO. seat of Y'azooco., ISIiss., on the Yazoo R., 48 mis. N. E. of Viek.s- burgh and 50 N. by W. of .Jackson. Shipping point for an extensiv(^ and fruitful cotton re- gion. Pop. about 2,.500. Two newsjiapers. Yazoo River, a tributary of the IMississippi in Miss.; is formed by tlie Yalabusha and Tallahatchee Rs., which unite at Leflore. It flows in a southerly direction near the eastern border of the Yazoo Bottom, an extensive region of swamps, covered with cypress, water-oak and swamp-ash, and empties into the Mississippi 12 mis. above Vicksburgh. It is a deep, narrow annson co.. 111. Yellow CreeU, p. o. in .Josh Bell co.. Kj'. Yellow Creek, tn. in Chariton co., Mo. " Pop., 1,016, Yellow Creefe, tn. in Linn co.. Mo. Pop., 3,126. Yellow CreeU, tn. in Columbiana co.. Ohio. Pop . 3.0SS. Yellow CreeU, p. o. in Bedford co.. Pa. Yellow CreeU, p. o. in Dickson co., Tenn. Yellowheatl, tn. in Kankakee co.. III. Pop., 1,492. Yellowhead, p. o. in the v. of Grant, in Kan- Ivakce CO., 111., on the Chicago, Danville & Vincennes R. R., 48 mis. S. of IJoston. Yellow House, p. o. in Berks co.. Pa. Yellow Itlcdicime, new co. in Minn. Are.a, 792 sring-, p. o in Hampshire co., W. Va. Yellow Sprins^s, tn. in Des Moines co., Iowa. Pop., I,7i3. •Yellow Spring's, p. v. in Greene co., Oliio, on the .Spriiiglieid Branch of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis K. R., 10 mis. N. of Xenia. It has medicinal springs of great value, is the seat of Antioch College and is surrounded by a rich agricultural district, abouialing in pleasant and picturesque scen- ery. Pop., l,4.i.'). Yellow SprinsTS, p. o. in Hancock co., Tenn. Yellow Sulphur Spring's, p. o. in Mont- gomery CO., \'a. Yellow" Stone, p. o. in La Fayette co., Wis. Yellow Stone River, a tributary of the up<- per Missouri R.; is the outlet of Yellow Stone Lake in N. W. Wyo. Ter. It flows first to the X., and after emerging from the Rocky Mts., turns to the E. and empties near Fort "Union. It is probably over 1,000 mis. long, and receives the Big Horn, or Wind, R., the Tongue R. and Powder Horn R. The region which surrounds the Yellow Stone Lake and the upper course of the river has been reserved from, settle- uaent or sale by act of Congress, and consti- tutes the famous Yellow Stone Park, measur- ing 55 by Go nils. In weird beauty and magni- flcent grandeur it doubtless surpasses any landscape on tl^ globe. It was in compar- tively recent times the scene of the most wonderful volcanic activity. From a thou- sand Assures were poured forth unlimited quantities of lava, fragments of rock and volcanic dust, and even now some 3 or 4 sq. mis. include hundreds of active hot springs and geysers, or the remains of springs which have Ceased to flow. The lake from which the I'cUow Stone R. issues, is about 20 nils, long and 15 mis. wide, and has a wild, irregular but beautiful shore line. Its area is about 300 sq. mis., its greatest depth 300 feet and its eleva- tion above the sea 7,t'27 feet. It lies upon the summit divide of the continent, and receives no tributaries, its waters coming solely from the snows of the lofty mountains that hem it in on every side. A short distance from this lake the river commences its passage through a series of rents and rifls in the solid crust of the earth, either falling over precipices or coursing through deep and gloomy canyons. At the mouth of Tower Cr. the Gre'at Cauj^on commences. Twenty mis. in length, it is im- passable throughout, and inaccessible at the •water's edge except at a few points. Its rug- ged edges are from 'JOO to 500 yards apart, and Its depth is so great that no sound ever reaches the ear from the bottom. Down, down, down, the river is seen attenuated to a thread, toss- ing and dashing against the massive walls which imprison it. Obstructed by miassive boulders and jutting points, it rushes madly on its solitary course. At the upper end of this canyon the river plunges down in two grand cataracts, known as the Upper and Lower Falls, ior some distance before it reaches the former the river breaks into rapids, and narrowed between the rocks as it approaches the brink, leaps in a sheet of snow- "white foam over a nearly perpendicular preci- pice about 140 feet high. The stream, which is about '200 feet wide between the falls, nar- rows again as it approaches the Lower Fall, and here plunges over a level shelf of rock 350 feet high, in a compact, solid sheet. The can- yon here is 1,000 feet deep, its vertical sides rising darkly to shelving summits. The banks of the Yellow Stone abound 'with ravines and canyons which are cut through the hardest rocks. The most remarkable of these is the Canyon of Tower Creek and Col- umn Mt. The latter is composed of succes- sive pillars of basalt overlying a thick stra- tum of cement and gravel. The canyon of Tower Cr. is about 10 mis. in length, and is so deep and gloomy that it has been called the "Devil's Den." About 200 yards before it enters the Yellow Stone, the creek makes a perpendicular fall of 105 feet, whioh is sur- rounded with columns of volcanic breccia, soma resembling towers, others the spires of ch ui'clies,and sti U others the slender minarets of a mosque. Below the falls, the stream de- scends in numerous rapids with great velocity through a gloomy gorge, to its union with the main liver. Yellow Store, p. o. in Hawkins co., Tenn. Yellow Water River rises in Covington co., Ala., and flowing S. W. through Fla. empties into Pensacola B. Yellvillc, p. V. and the co. seat of Marion co.. Ark., on Crooked Cr., 110 mis. N. by W. of Little Rock. Yelin, p. o. in Thurston c-o.. Wash. Ter. Y''elverton, p. v. in Hardin co., Ohio, on the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleveland R. R., 834 mis. S. W. of Kenton. Yelving'tou, p. o. in Daviess co., Ky, Yeniassee, p. o. in Beaufort district, S. C. Yew, p. o. in Wayne co., Mich. * Yocony, p. o. in Itawamba co.. Miss. Yocumtown, p. v. in York co., Pa., 4 mis. W. of Etters on the Northern Central R. R., 9% mis. S. E. of New Cumberland. Yocuinville, p. o. in Klamath co., Cal. Yoder, tn. in Cambria co.. Pa. Pop., 1,032. Yohoghany, p. o. In the v. of Shaner's, in Westmoreland co., Pa., on the Monongahela R. and the L^ittsburgh, Washington & Balti- more R. R., 12 mis. S. E. of McKeesport. Yokuui Station, tn. in Lee co., Va. Pop., 1,82-2. Yoknm Station, p. o. in Lee co., Va. Yolo, CO. in Cal., central part. Pop , 9,899 ; in 1800, 4,710. It lies W. of the Sacramento R., and is for the most part low and level. The western portion only includes mountainous and hilly districts belonging to the Coast Ranges. The largest streams are the Cache and Putah Crs. Sycamore Slough is an arm of the Sacramento. Along its western bank extends a belt of tule-land varying in width from 2 to 5 mis. The bottoms of the water- courses and the flat portions of the co. con- sist of fertile alluvial soil, and are succeeded on the W. bj' undulating prairies. Yolo is the CO. seat. Agr. pi'oductions in 1870; Wheat, 2,025,(312 bush.; Indian-corn, 2,040 bush.; oats, 1,320 bush.; Irish pot's, 1.5,5-20 bush.; sweet pot's, 2,930 bush.; wool, 437,048 lbs.; butter, 186,929 lbs.; hay, 27,186 tons. Cash value of farms, $8,720,586. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $3,0'22,355. Value of manufactures, $035,128. Yolo, p. V. and the co. seat of Yolo co., Cal., 3 mis. from Woodland. Yoncalla, p. o. in Douglas co., Oreg. Yongesboroug'ta, p. o. in Lee CO., Ala. Yongpnesville, p. v. in Fairfleld district, S. C, on the Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta R. B., 15 mis. S. of Chester. YONKERS. 1006 YORK HAVEN. Tonkers, tn. in "Westchester co., N. T. Pop., 18,ai7. *Yonkers. p. v. in the above tn., on the Hud- son li. ana the New York Central & Hudson River K. R., l.'i mis. N. of New York City. It is a suburban town of great beauty and most- ly inliabited by New York business men, who have liere their country seats. Location of several flourishing seminaries. A large amount of general manufacturing done. Pop., V.';7;i3. Four newspapers. York, p. o. in Walker co., A.la. York, tn. in Carroll CO., 111. Pop., 1,4!)0. York, tn. in Du Page co., 111. Pop., 1,799. York, tn. in Clark co., 111. Pop., 1,090. York, p. v. in the above tn., on Waba.sli R., 19 mis. S. S. E. of Marshal 1 the co. seat. York, tn. in Noble co., Ind. Pop., 1,041. York, tn. in Steuben co., Ind. Pop., 857. York, tn. in Switzerland co., Ind. Pop., 995. York, tn. in Dearborn co., Ind. Pop., 986. York, tn. in Elkliart co., Ind. Pop., 90(). York, tn. in Benton co., Ind. Pop.. 4;W. York, p. V. in Delaware CO., Iowa, 2 mis. S. W. of Yankee Settlement. York, tn. in Tama co., Iowa. Pop., 1,000. York, tn. in Iowa co., Iowa. Pop., 55t. York, tn. in Pottawattamie CO., Iowa. Pop., 22IJ. York, CO. in Jle.. forming the S. W. extremity of the state. Area about 800 sq. mis. Pop., (10,174; in 18H0, 62,107. The Ossipee and Saco lis. form the northern boundary, and the lat- ter stream intersects the co. and empties into the Atlantic Ocean, on which it borders in the S. E. The Salmon Falls R. on the \V. separ- ates the CO. from N. II. The surface is level or undulating and the soil productive. Al- fred is tlie CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 14,139 hush.; rye, 1,7.58 bush.; Indian- corn, 17.1,9-24 hush.; oats, 57,021 bush.; Irish pot's, 530,223 hush.; butter, 1,115,782 lbs.; hav, 78,632 tons. Cash value of farms, $11,435,103. Total estimated, vi^'ue of all farm produc- tions, including addiaons to stock, etc., $2,861,- 7J53. Princip.al products of industry : Cotton goods, $4,4.30,416; woollen goods, $950,200; sawed lunrber, $754,517 ; boots and shoes, $731,- 013, and men's clothing, $643,033. Total value of manufactures, $10,350,982. York, tn. in the above co. Pop., 2,654. Y''ork, p. V. in the above tn., 7 mis. from Kittery Station. A favorite summer resort. Y'ork, tu. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop., 1,575. Y'ork, p. V. in the ai'^ve tn., 12 mis. S. W. of Y'lL^ilanti. York, tn. in Fillmore eo., Minn. Pop., 812. York, tn. in Putnam Co., Mo. Pop., 1,484. York, CO. in Nebr., S. E. part. Area, 576 sq. mis. Pop., 604. iL h.as an undulating surface, consisting mostly of fertile prairies, and is drained by smallaffluents of the Big Blue R. Y'ork is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 8.876 bush.; liulian-corn, 10,700 hush.; oats, 4,399 bush.: Irish pot's, 3,680 bush.; butter, 7,656 lbs.; hay, 825 tons. Cash value of farms, $1.53,802. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to slock, etc.,$42,.524. York, p. V. and the co. seat of the above CO., 36 nils. W. by N. of Lincoln. York, tn. in Livingston co., N. Y. Pop., 2,564. York, ]>. V. in the aliove tn., 9 mis. froni Avon. York, tn. in Van Wert co., Ohio. Pop., 983. York, tn. in Belmont co., Ohio. Pop., 1,508. York, tn. in Fulton co., Ohio. Pop., 2,29,9. York, tn. in Athens eo., Ohio. Pop., 2,652. ifork, tn. in Union co., Ohio. Pop., 1,361. Y<»rli, p. o. in the above tn. York, tn. in Tuscarawas co., Ohio. Pop., 1,049. I'orU, Ml. in Sandusky co., Ohio. Pop., 2,094. York, tn. in Morgan 60., Ohio. Pop., 916. York, tn. in Medina co., Ohio. Pop.. 880. York, tn. in Darke co., Ohio. Pop., 797. York, CO. in Pa., S. part. Pop., 70,131 ; in 1860, 68,200. The Susquehanna R. forms the entire eastern boundary of tlie CO., and drains it with it.s tributaries Muddy Cr., Codorus Or. and Concwago Cr. Yellow Breeches Cr. washes the northern border. The north- western portion of the co. is occupied by the South Mts. and Conewago Hill : the remainder has an undulating surface. The soil is gen- erally fertile and well cultivated. Tlie North- ern Central R. R. intersects theco. from N. to S.,and from it branches offthe York & Wrights- ville R. R. and the Gettysburgli R. R. York is the CO. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 1,129,750 bush.; rye, 121,03.5 hush.; oats, 1,444,763 bush.; Indian-corn, 1,. 531,541 bush.; Irish pot's, 248,4(51 bush.; sweet pot's, 2t),;»05 bush.; butter, 1,734,895 lbs.; hay, 92,820 tons. Cash value of farms, $36,358,454. Total, esti- mated, value of all farm productions, includ- ing additions to stock, etc., .$6.4-13,180. Princi- pal products of industry : Cordage and twine. $691,090, and flour, $980,499. Total value of manufactures, $7,028,934. York, tn. in the above co. Pop., 2,.504. *York, p. borough and co. seat of York co., Pa., on Codorus Cr. and on tlip. Northern Central R. R., at W. terminus of the York Branch of the Pennsylvania R. R., 28 nils. S. of llarrisbnrgh and 24 mis. W. of Lancaster. It is regularly laid out, substantially built, and contains many handsome,"' ,'urches and private residences. It is surrof ;led by a rich agricultural region, is the cen" '- of a large produce trade and the seat of .-jftveral large manufactories, sucli as foundries, car facto- ries and planing mills. Pop., 11,003. Eight newspapers, one of which is daily. York, district in S. C, N. part. Area .about 600 sq. mis. Pop., 24,286 ; in 1860, 21, .502. It ex- tends from the Catawba R. in the E. to Broad R. in the W., and is drained by Bntfalo, Alli- son's, King's and Fishing Crs. The surface is hilly and in the northern part mountainous. King's Mt., near the northern bonier, is the highest elevation in the co. The Charlotte, Colninbia & Augusta R. R. and the King'a Mountain 11. R. intersect it. Yorkville is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 57,839 bush.: rj'e, 420 bush.; Indian-corn, 3.53,- 174 bush.; oats, 46,114 bush.; Irish pot's, 7,141 busli.; sweet pot's, 18,435 bush.; cotton, 6,010 bales ; butter, 130,633 lbs. Cash value of farms, $1,516,639. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $1,316,71.5. Value of manufactures, $23S.297. York, CO. in Va., S. E. part. Area about 70 sq. mis. Pop., 7,19S; in 1860, 4,949. The co. bor- ders in the N. E. on the Vork R. and Chesa- peake B.; has a level or but slightly undulat- ing surface, and on the whole a ferl lie soil. In York R. are extensive oyster beds, and the shipping of oysters to the northern cities is one of the principal branches of industry of the inhabitants. Yorktown is the co. seat. Agr. productions in 1870 : Wheat, 3,289 bush.; rye, 94 bush.; Indian-eorn, 107,103 bush.; oats, 12,060 bush.; Irish pot's, 12,416 bush.; sweet pot's, 12,9.54 bush.; bntler, 18,411 lbs. Cash value of farms, $484,731.'' Total, estimated, value of all farm prod;' ' ions, including ad- ditions to stock, etc., $17c -78. Valneof manu- factures, $199,643. York, tn. in Dane co.. Wis. Pop., 1,068. York, p. o. in the above tn. York, tn. in Greene co.. Wis. Pop., 1,0SS, York Centre, p. o. in Iowa co., Iowa. York Centre, p. o. in Steuben co., Ind. York Collegiate Institute, p. o. in Alexan- der CO., N. C. York Furnace, p. v. in York co.. Pa., on the Susquehanna R. and the Susquehanna & Tido Water Canal, 20 mis. S. S. E. of York. York Haven, v. in York eo.. Pa., on the Sus- quehanna R. and Northern Central R. R., 16 mis. below Harrisburgh. YOEKLYN. 1007 YOUNG. TorUlyn, p. o. in Ne-w Castle CO., Del. York Mills, v. In Hunterdon co., N. J., 10 mis. W. N. W. of Flemington. fork XecU, p. o. in Adams co., III. York River, in Va-.; is formed by tlie conflu- ence of the Paraunkey and Mattapony Rs.; flows S. E. and empties into Chesapeake B. opposite Cape Charles. It is a wide stream and nearly 50 mis. long. York Road, p. o. in Carroll co., Md. Yurksbire, tn. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Pop., 1,577. Yorkshire, p. v. in the above tn., onCattarau- t;us Cr., '2(i mis. \V. of PortageviUe and 27 mis. X. of Hinsdale. Yorkshire Centre, p. v. in Cattaraugus co., N. Y., on Cattaraugus Cr., 2 nils. W. of York- shire. York Station, p. o. in Sumter co., Ala. ifork Sulphur Springs, p. borougli in Adams co., Pa.. 11 mis. from Oxford Station and 23 mis. 8. VV. of Harrisburgh. Is a pleas- ant summer resort. Pop., 35tj. Yorktown, p. v. in Bureau co.. 111., 15 mis. N. W. of Sheflield and 8 mis. S. VV. of Tampico. Yorktown, tn. in Henry co.. 111. Pop., 659. Yorktown, p. v. in Delaware co., Ind., on the Indianapolis Division of Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R. R., 5% mis. \V. of Muncie. Yorktov', p. V. in Salem co., N. J., on the Sa- lem R. It •,% mis. AV. of Elmer. Y'orktov .1, tn. in AVestchester co., N. Y'. Pop., 2,6-25. Yorktown, p. v. in tlie above tn., 7 mis. E. of Peekskill. Yorktown, p. v. in De Witt CO., Tex., 15 mis. from Cliuton. Yorktown, p. v. and the co. seat of Y'ork co., Va., on the York R., 16 mis. from West Point and 70 mis. from Richmond. It was formerly a flourishing place, but is now chiefly interest- mg as the locality where Lord Cornwallis surrendered to General Washington on the 19th of October, 17S1. Yorkvllle, p. o. in Sevier co.. Ark. Yorkville, p. o. in Mendocino co., Cal. *Yorkville, p. v. and the co. seat of Kendall CO.,. 111., on Fox R., opposite Bristol, the co. seat, and on the fox River Line of the Chi- cago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 52 mis. S. W. of Chicago. Has an active produce trade and several manufactories. Pop. about 900. Two newspapers. Yorkville, p. o. in Dearborn co., Ind. Yorkville, p. o. in Kalamazoo co., Mich. Yorkville, v. in Oneida co., N. Y., a few mis. S. E. of Rome. Pop., 213. Yorkville, p. o. in Bladen co., N. C. Yorkville, borough in Schuylkill co.. Pa., near Pottsville. Pop., 55.3. •Yorkville, p. v. and the co. seat of York district, S. C, on the King's Mountain R. R., 22 mis. N. N. W. of Chester. Has an active trade with surroundings. Pop, about 1,000. One newspaper. Yorkville, p. v. in Gibson co., Tenn., 9 mis. from Rutherford Depot. Y«»rkville, tn. i i Racine co.. Wis. Pop., 1,587. Yorkville, p. v. ^ the above tn., 4 mis. from Sylvania. ITortysville, p. o. in Washington co.. Pa. ITosemite Valley, in Mariposa co., Cal.; is one of the most remarkable wonders of the world. It is situated on the Merced R., 140 mis. S. E. of San Francisco, but nearly 250 mis. distant by any of the usually traveled routes. It consists of a narrow gorge 8 mis. long and from a half to a mile in width, and is inclosed in granite walls rising with per- pendicular faces and towering rocks from 3,000 to 6,000 feet above the bottom. It was dis- covered in 1851 by Major I. D. Savage, while in pursuit of a band of predatory Indians. Approaching the valley from the Mountain- View House, the traveler, after a rough ride of 12 mis., reaches Inspiration Point, a little green plateau, some 20 feet sq., and raising his eyes to the E. beholds in one glance fiC whole Yosemite Valley, with its mountains, rocks, barren domes of gray granite, wata ■ falls and winding streams. "The descent iniv the valley is toilsome and takes about 3 hou "s. According to I. D. Whitney, of Howard Un versify, the Yosemite owes its existence to the subsidence of the ground. an(' ^ not, as some have asserted, a rent producer jy somo volcanic action, in which case the opposite walls would exhibit parallel face", the pro- jections of one side corresponding \j( "'ivitiea on the other. The bottom and th» uxlus or debris at the base of the rocks are covered with grass, shrubbery and trees. On every hand are seen the beautiful and ma.." colored "manganita" and "inadrona," and the co- lossal red-wood conifers, peculiar ti, the Paci- fic slope. The principal objects of interest in the val- ley are the following: El Capitan, a coios.sal I'ock with perpendicular sides, 3.300 ff>et high, standing near the W. end of the Yosemite. On the opposite side are the Cathedra' Rocks, 2,600 feet high, and standing like isolated church spires, with the beautiful Bridal- Veil Falls, descending 910 feet into the va.-dy. The Virgin's Tears Cr. makes a fine fall, over 1,000 feet high, in .a deep recess of the \ jcks near the lower corner of El Capitan. Farther up the valley is the group of rocks know. . as the Three Brothers, the highest of which is 4,00C feet high, and beyond these are thb Yosemite Falls, 2,631 feet, or about half a mile in height, consisting of three leaps of 1,600 feet, 434 feet and 600 feet, respectively. East of this won- derful cataract are the "Royal Arches, a vast, rocky wall with perpendicular sides. On the southside of the valley, and beyond the Cath- edral Rocks, is tlie Sentinel Rock, near which looms up the gigantic Sentinel Dome. Farther to the E. the Yosemte divides into two val- leys, the northern of which is traversed by Tenaya Cr., which expands near the Half Dome, the loftiest and most imposing moun- tain in the whole vallej', being 6,000 feet high, into the Mirror Lake, a small but exceedingly picturesque body of clear water : while the southern, or the Little Yosemite Valley, is rendered attractive by the Vernal Falls, and higher np by the Nevada Falls, which are both formed by the Merced R. By an act of Congress, the Yosemite Valley and the Mariposa Grove of Big Trees were granted to the state of Cal. upon the condi- tion that they should he kept as public lands, inalienable for all time. (For a full description the reader is referred to Prof. I. D.Whitney's Yosemite Guide Book.) Yo Semite, p. o. in Mariposa co., Cal. Yosts, V. in Montgomery co., N. Y., on the Mo- hawk R. and near the New York Central Jl. R., 51.^ nils. W. S. W. of Fonda. The p. o. is Randall. You Bet, p. V. in Nevada co., Cal., 4 mis. from Dutch Flat. Yong^hiog-heny River, a tributary of the Monongahela R. in Pa.; rises in W. Va., pass- es through Md., and Fayette and Westmore- land COS., Pa. It has a northerly course and empties at McKeesport. It is navigable for 60 mis., to Ohiopyle Falls, where the stream descends perpendicularly 20 feet. It is about 120 mis. long. Young', p. o. in Onondaga CO., N. Y. Young, tn. in Jefl"erson co.. Pa. Pop., 954. Young, tn. in Indiana co.. Pa. Pop., l,65u. Young, CO. in Tex., N. part. Area about SW sq. mis. Pop., 135; in 1860, 592. The co. has a rolling surfaceand consists mostly of produc- tive prairies. The bottom-lands of the water- courses are well timbered. The Brazos R. YOUNG AMERICA. 1008 YUMA. flows through it from the N. W. to the S. E. and receives the Clear Fork and Salt Crs. Agr. productions in 1S70: Indian-corn, 1,700 bush.; oats, 50 bush. Cash value of farms, $1, '200. To- tal, eslimated, value of all farm productions, inclU(lin;jradditions tostock, ctc.,$S,8tO. Value of manufactures, $900. ♦Young: America, p. v. in Warren co., 111., on the Cliica^fo, Burlington & Quincy R. B., 7 mis. S. ^V. of Monmouth. Surrounded by a rich farming community. Pop., 1,145. One newsjxiper. Yolins- America, tn. in Carver CO., Minn. Pop., s-2:i. Toung America, p. v. in the above tn., 21 mis. W. of Mcrriani. Yonng' America, p. v. in Washington cc, Wis., amis. iif>m West Bend. Toting' American, tn. in Edgar CO., 111. Pop., G07. Yonng €ane, p. o. in Union co., Ga Yonnser's, p. o. in Boone co.. Mo. YonHig Hickory, tn. in Fulton co.. 111. Pop., Yonnff Hickory, p. o. in Steuben co., N". Y. Young- Hickory, p. o. in Muskingum co., Ohio. Young-'s Creek, p. o. in Orange CO., Ind. Young's t'reck, p. o. in Whitley co., Ky. Young's <;reek, p. o. in Audrianco., Mo. Young's Cross Roads, p. o. in Granville co., N. C. Young's Grove, p. o. in Patrick co., Va. Young's Ifliils, p. o. in Guilford co., N. C. Youngsport, ii o. in Bell co., Tex. Young's Station, p. o. in East Feliciana par- ish, Im. Young's Store, p. o. in Laitrens district, S. C. Young's Store, ]). o. in Franklin co., Va. Youngstown, p. o. in Warren co., 111. Youngstown, p. o. in the v. of Youngs in Vigo CO., Ind., on the Evansville & Crawfordsville R. R., 8'^ mis. S. of Terre Haute. ♦Youngstown, p. v. in Niagara CO., N. Y., on the Niagara R., mis. N. of Lewistou. Pop., 47S. Youngstown, tn. in Mahoning co., Ohio. Pop., 10.s.)7. ♦Youngstown, city in the above tn., on tlie Maliouiiig U. and tiae Mahoning Division of the Atlantic & Great Western R. R., the Youngstown Branch of Pittsburgli, Fort Wavne & Chicago R. R. and the Liberty & Vi- enna R. R., (io nds. N. W. of Pittsburgh, Pa., and Ci mis. S. E. of Cleveland. Has large trade with agricultural district, several iron manu- factories anil lies in the center of the block coal basin of the state. Pop., 8,075. Three newspapers. Youngstown, p. borough in Westmoreland CO., Pa., ;J nds. S. of Latrobe. Pop., 301. Youngsville, ]). o. in Tallapoosa co., Ala., 45 mis. N. K. of .'Montgomery. Youngsville, p. o. in La'Fayette parish. La. Youngsville, p. v. in Sullivan co., N. Y., 10\^ mis. E. I)y N. of Callicoon Station on Erie R. R. Youngsville, p. v. in Adams co., Ohio, 17 mis. from Manehostoraud 10 mis. N. of West Union the CO. seat. Youngsville., p. borough in Warren co.. Pa., on the Philailelphia & Erie R. R., 8 mis. W. of Warren. Pop., 4(i-2. Youngtown, p. o. in Marion oo., Kans. Young Warrior River, a tributary of Pearl R. in Miss.; rises in Newton CO., flows N. W. and (nnpties in Leake co. Young Wotnanstown, p. o. in the v. of North Point, in Clinton eo.. Pa., on the Philadelphia & Erie R. R.. 24 mis. N. W. of Lock Haven. Yount, tn. in Napa co., Cal. Pop., l,-252. Touut'8 Store, p. o. in Perry co., Mo. Yonntsville, p. v. in Montgomery co., Ind., 41/^ mis. fi-om Crawfordsville. Y'ountsvillc, p. v. in Napa CO., Cal., on the California Pacific R. R., 24 mis. N. of San Francisco. Pop., 125. Y''psilanti, tn. in Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop.. 7.032. ♦Ypsilanti, city in the above tn., on Huron R. and on the Michigan Central R. R. and tho Detroit, Hillsdale & Indiana R. R., 30 mis. W. by S. of Detroit. The river furnishes water- power, which is employed in general manu- facturing. Surrounded by a rich agricultural district with which it is in active trade. Seat of a State Normal School. Pop., 5,471. Two newspapers. Yreka, tn. in Siskiyou Co., Cal. Pop., 1,816. '''Yreka, p. v. in the above tn. and the co. seat, on Yreka Cr., 25 mis. S. of the Oreg. state line and in the midst of an agricultural and mining region. A trade center for the northern part of the state. Pop., 1, 003. Two newsp.apers. Yrekn, p. o. in Deer Lodge co., Mont. Ter. Yuba, CO. in Cal., central part. Pop., 10,851 ; in ISm, 13,668. A part of the W. boundary is formed by the Feather R. This co. includes a part of tiie lower slopes and foothills of the Sierra Nevada, and extends into the great low plain of Cal., which is traversed by the Sac- ramento R. A large extent of its area con- sists of rich farming and grazing lands, while about one-fourth of it is mining land. Agri- culture is the leading pursuit. Much gold ia however gained from the placer and hydrau- lic mines. The rivers traversing the eo. are all tributaries of the Feather R.,.and flow in deeply cut valleys, having mostly a south- westerly course. Marysville is the eo. seat. Agr. productions in 1870: Wheat, 147,.347bush.; rye, 213 bush.; Indian-corn, 33,245 bush.; oats, 27,867 bush.; Irish pot's, 9,2.56 bush.; sweet pot's, 1,442 bush.; wool, 63,425 lbs.; butter, 100,- 695 lbs.; hay, 14,081 tons. Cash value of farms, $1,350,827. Total, estimated, value of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $906,224. Value of manufactures. $1,.337,- 831. Yuba, tn. in Sutter co., Cal. Pop., 998. Yuba, )). o. in Grand Traverse co., Mich. Yuba, p. o. in Richland co., AVis. Yuba City, p. v. and the co. seat of Sutter CO., Cal., on Feather R., nearly opposite Marys- ville on the California Pacific R. R., 57 mls."N. of Sacramento. Surrounded by an agricultu- ral district. Pop. about 800. One newspaper. Yuba Gap, a pass in the Sierra Nevada of Cal., 6,642 feet high, in lat. 39° 38' N. Yuba River, a tributary of Feather R., in Cal., is foruied by the confluence of the North, Middle and South Forks. The former runs through Sierra co., the Middle Fork forms the boundary between Sierra and Nevada COS., anil the latter traverses Nevada co. Tho three forks flow through deep valleys of the Sierra Nevada. The Yuba enters the Sacra- mento at Marysville. Yucatan, tn. in Houston co., Minn. Pop., 610. Yucatan, p. o. in the above tn. Ynnia, co. in Ariz. Ter., S. W. part. Area about 7,000 sq. mis. It is bounded on the W. by the Colorado R. and on the N. by Bill Wil- liams Fork. The southern part is intcn-seeted by the Gila R., a large tributary of the Colo- railo. Tho surface consists largely of sandy desert plains and mountain chains, as the Sierra Cabeza, Prieta and Sierra del Gila. Only some portions of the river valleys are fit for farming. Ehrenbei-g is the co. si'at. Cash value of farms, $.5,400. Total, est imated, valuu of all farm productions, including additions to stock, etc., $30,340. Value of manufactures, $.55,700. ZACKVILLE. 1009 ZWINGLE. Z. ZackTilIe, p. o. in "Wirt Co., W. Va. Zaieski, p. v. in Vinton CO., Ohio, on tlie Ma- rietta [uddy Cr. and other tributaries of the Republican it. Furnas, new co. in Nebr., S. part. Area, 900 sq. mis. It has an undulating surface, is mostly covered bj^ prairies and is intersected by the Republican Fork of the Kansas R. GARDNER VIEIiAGE, v. in AVorcester CO., Mass., on the Vermont & Massachusetts R. R., ^14 mis. S. W. of Ashburnliam Junction. Tlio p. o. is Soutli Gardner. Gaysport, borough in Blair co.. Pa., near Hol- lidavsliurgh. Pop., 799. George's, station on the South Carolina R. R., in Colleton district, S. C, 14 mis. from Branchville. The p. o. is Saint George's. Georgetown, v. in Harrison eo., Ohio, 7 mis. from Cadiz. The p. o. is Short Creek. Girard, v. in Erie co.. Pa., on Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. R., lf>]4 mis. S. W. of Erie. The p. o. is Miles Grove. Gladesville, v. and the co. seat of Wise CO., Va. (See Wise Court House, the p. o.) Glendon, borough in Northampton co.. Pa., near S. Easton Borough. Pop., 707. Good Hope, v. in Cumberland eo., Pa.^iiear the Cumberland Valley R. R., A}4 mis. W. of Carlisle. The p. o. is Plaiufield. Gorliam, v. in Ontario co:, N. Y. (See Stanley Station, tlie p. o.) Gouldsborougli, v. In Wayne co., Pa. (See Sand Cut, the p. o.) Graham, new eo. in N. C, formed from the northern part of Clierokee co.; lies in the Blue Ridge Country, and is bounded on the N. \V. by tlie Unaka Mts. and on the N. by the Ilia- wassee R. The surface is elevated and parti v occupied by mountains. The soil of the val- leys is fertile and well adapted to stock rais- ing. Tlie co. seat is Fort Montgomery. Grant, V. in Kankakee co.,111. (See Yellow- head, the p. o.) Grant, new co. in Kans., S. W. pai-t. Area, 720 sq. mis. It consists chiefly of prairies and is intersected and drained by the Arkansas R. and tributaries. Grayson, V. in Grayson co., Va. (SeeNuckoUs- ville.) Greenfield, v. in Monroe co.,Wi3. (See Tunnel City, the p. o.) GREGG. 1013 jNIAETINSVILLE. Grese-, new co. in Tex., N. E, part. Area about lijo sq. mis. It is bounded on the S. Isy Sabine Jl., and drained by several small affluents of this stream. The surface is undulating and the soil highly productive. ^ ^^ Oreg'ory, new co. in Dak. Ter., S. L. part. It bortlers in the S. on the Keya Paha R., which seiiarates it from Nebr., and in the N. E. on the Missouri K. The surface is rolling and tlie soil on the wbole productive. Gnll Corners, v. in Kalamazoo co., Mich., 10 mis. X. E. of Kalamazoo. The p. o. is Rich- land. HAI.F \»'AY HOUSE, v. in Saratoga co., X. v., on the Saratoga & Schenectady Branch of the Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., "14 mis. S. of I3allston and 8 mis. X. of Schenectady. The p. o. is South Ballston. HanKlcii, V. in Vinton co., Ohio, at the junc- tion of the main line with the Portsmouth Branch of the Marietta & Cincinnati R. R., [ercdith, the p. o.) Millerstowii, v. in Lehigh co., Pa. (See Ma- cuiigie, the p. o.) Milton, V. in Allamakee co., Iowa, 5 mis. S. of Lansing. The p. o. is Village Creek. Mineral Point Junction, v. in Somerset CO., Pa., on Castleman R. and the Pittsburgh, Washington & Jialtimore R. R. The p. o. is Shatrs Bridge. Monong-ahela, borough in Alleghany co., Pa. Pop., 1,153. Monroe, borough in Bradford co., Pa. Pop., 203. Montgomery, v. in La Porte co., Ind., VI mis. S. W. of La Porte. The p. o. is Union Mills. Monticello, v. in Otsego co., X. Y., o\4 mis. W. of Richlield Springs. The p. o. is Richfield. Morrow's, v. in Mecklenburgh district, S. C. (See Pineville, the p. o.) Mount Holly, v. in Warren co., Ohio. Pop., 205. NATIOXAl. ROAD, v. in Montgomery co., Ohio. (S(^e Tadmer, the p. o.) Keff's Siding, v. in Belmont co., Ohio. (See Shields, the p. o.) BTewberry, v. in Clermont co., Ohio, 3 mis. M^. E. of Milford. The p. o. is Mulberry. Xew Blrmingbam, v. in Guernsey co.,Ohio, 14 mis. from Cambridge. Pop., 210. The p. o. is Milnersville. New €entreville, borough in Somerset co.. Pa., 8 mis. S. W. of Somerset. Pop., liW. The p. o. is Glade. Hiew Kirk, v. in Green co., Wis. (See Twin Grove, the p. o.) Kew Market, v. in Clarke co., Ind., 2 mis. E. of Otisco. The p. o. is Oregon. jVew^ Market, v. in Harrison co., Ohio. (See Scio, the p. o.) New Prague, v. in Scott co., Minn. (See Oral, the p. o. ) Kew Salem, v. in Westmoreland co.. Pa., S\4 mis. N. of Greensburgh. The p. o. is DelmontT Newton, V. in Miami co., Ohio, 8 mis. from Trov. Pop., 324. The p. o. is Pleasant Hill. North Islip, v. in Suffolk co., N. Y. (See Suf- folk, the p. o.) North Point, v. in Clinton co., Pa., at the en- trance of Young Woman's Cr. into the Sus- quehanna R., and on the Philadelphia <& Erie R. R., 24 mis. N. W. of Lock Haven. The p. o. is Y'oung Womanstown. OAKIiAND, v.in Chester co., Pa. (See West Whiteland.) Old York Road, in Montgomery co.. Pa., a station on the North Pennsylvania R. R., 9 mis. from Philadelphia. The p. o. is Shoe- maker town. Osceola, borough in Clearfield co., Pa. Pop., H-i. (See Osceola Mills, the p. o.) Oxford, V. in Coshocton co., Ohio. (See White Eyes Plain, the p. o.) PAIiESTINE, V. in Hancock co., Ind. (See Sugar Creek, the p. o.) Palmyra, v. in Rush co., Ind., 9 mis. S. of RushvUle. The p. o. is Richland. Parker, V. in Clarion co.. Pa., on the Alle- ghanv R., opposite Lawrenceburgli and -on the Alleghany Valley R. R., 82 mis. X. of Pitts- burgh. Pop. about 400. The p. o. is Pollock. Patch Hollow, V. in Schoharie co., X. Y., 13 mis. from Middleburgh. The p. o. is Isorth Blenheim. Perrysville, borough in Juniata co.. Pa., on the Pennsylvania R. R., 46 mis. N. W. of Har- risburgh. Pop., 55'.). Petersburgh, borough in Huntingdon co,, Pa. Pop., 3S1. (See Shaver's Cr., the p. o.) Petersburgh, boroiigh in Perry co.. Pa., on the Susquehanna R., near Duncannon. Pop., tido. Philadelphia Road, v. in Harrison co., Ohio, (See Station Fifteen, the p. o.) Portland, v. in Jeffei-son co., Ohio. Pop., 241. (See Warrenton, the p. o.) Putnam, v. in Putnam co., 111. (See Snach- wine, the p. o.) RHODES MIEES, V. in Monroe co., Wis. (See Wilton.) Roanoke, v. in Charlotte co., Va., on the Staunton R. and the Richmond & Danville R. R., oG nds. S. W. of Burkeville. Pop. about 50. The p. o. is Talcott. SAINT CEAIR, v. in Beaver co., Pa. Pop., Saint Paul, v. in St. Louis co.. Mo. (See Sher- man, the p. o.) Sandy Creek, v. in Alleghany co.. Pa. (See White Ash.) Shaner's, v. in Westmoi-eland co.. Pa. (See Youghioghany, the p. o.) Shelby, V. in Shelby co., Tenn., on the Mem- phis & Louisville R. R., 18 mis. N. E. of Mem- phis. The p. o. is Sulphur Well. Sleightsburgh, v. in Ulster Co., N. Y., near Roiulout. Pop., 203. Sonora, v. in Preble CO., Ohio. (See West Sonora.) Spring Hill, v. in Fulton CO.. Ohio, 8 mis. N. W. of Wauseon. The p. o. is Tedrow. Strnsbnrgh, v. in Stark CO., Ohio. (See Maxi- mo, the p. o.) Summers, a new co. in W. Va., bounded on tlie 8. W. bv Meadow R. and intersected by Gauley R. It was originally a part of Nicho- las CO. Hinton is the co. se'at. No census re- turns. Summit, v. in Moultrie co.. 111. (See Whit- ley's Point.) TREMONT, V. in PljTnoutli CO., Mass. (See West Wareham.) WAEDRON, V. in Harrison CO., Ohio. The p. o. is Connotton. Wapsipinecon River, rises in Howai-d CO., Iowa, flows S. E. for 200 mis. and empties into the Mississippi between Scott and Clin- ton COS. Winston, p. v. and co. seat of Forsyth co., N. C, near Salem, and 120 mis. W. by N. of Raleigh. It has some manufacturing inter- ests and its surroundings are devoted to tobacco raising, fruit cultiire and general agriculture. Pop., 443. Two newspapers. Wrightsville, v. in Adams co., Ohio., on tho Ohio R., 5 mis. above Manchester. The p. o. is Vineyard Hill. Pop., 63. APPENDIX NO. 2. •Albany, city, CO. seat of Albany co. and capi- tal of the stale of New York ; is situated on the W. bank of the Hudson R., 14i^ mis. N. of New York city. The site is a narrow plain along the river, backed by rapidly rising ground, parts of which overlook the river at a height of im to 3J0 feet. The plan is irregu- lar, but some of the streets are very hand- some, and in general the buiklings are sub- stantial and commodious. Some of the struc- tures are quite imposing, the most notable of ■which are the State Capitol, facing the square at the end of State street ; the State Hall, a marble ediflce devoted to departments of state; the City Hall, also of marble ; the State Nor- mal School, Dudley Astronomical Observa- tory, Albany Medical College, the Albany Uni- versity, and several academical and librarj' buildings. The State Library has a collection of nearly 100,000 volumes, and the records and collections at the State Agricultural Kooms are very numerous and valuable. The school buildings are neat, and ample for the accom- modation of the 10,737 children of school age. The church architecture of the city is ot a very high order, and the cathedral is regarded as one of the finest in the United States. Albany is an important manufacturing cen- ter. In 1^10 the city and county had 721 man- ufacturing establishments, employing 0,103 horse-power, 14,495 hands, a capital of $16,031,- 2(5S ; consuming $13,439,705 worth of material, and turning out products of the value of $24,- 7S5,921. The principal articles of manufacture, withtlieiv value, wei'e cotton goods, $4,08(5,734 ; stoves, beaters, eto., $3,'2i(;,43i; hosiery, $2.47(5,- 226 ; liquors, $1,259,745 ; boots and shoes, $9^7,- 6151 ; cars, $535,014; flour, etc., $396,717 ; wrought iron and castings, $941,512 ; lumber planed and sawed, $.538,600 ; malt, $457,200 ; paper, $442,000 ; printing and newspapers, $562,900 ; woollen goods, $473,430. The city is enviably situated for commerce, being at the head of heavy navigation on the Hudson R., in direct steamboat communi- cation with New York, by canal and river in ■water communication -with Lake Cham- plain, and by Erie Canal with the great lakes of the North-west. It is also at N. terminus of Hudson River R. R., at N. E. terminus of Albany & Susquehanna R. R., at E. terminus of New York Central R. R., at W. terminus of Boston & Albany R. R. and at S. terminus of Renssalaer & iiaratoga R. R. It has long ranked as among the leading lumber marts of the country. Albany was named in honor of James II., Duke of York and Albany, in 1664, and ■was chartered as a city in 1686. Its population in 1810, ■(vas 0,356; lS-20, 12,630; 1830, 24.238; 1840; 33.7-21; 1850, 50,763; IS60, 62,367; 1870, 69,4-22, of whom 47,215 -were natives of the United States and 22,207 were foreign born. Of these 194 ■^'ere engaged in agriculture, 7,464 in pro- fessional and personal services, 4,343 in trade and transportation, and 9,375 in manufactures. The total population constituted 14,105 fami- lies of 4.92 persons each, who lived in 8,748 dwellings, an avei-age of 7.94 persons to a dwelling. Nineteen newspapers and periodicals are published in the city, of which the " Journal," "Times," "Argus," "Express," "Freie Blaetter," "Herald," "Knickerbocker," "Post" and "Country Gentleman," are the principal dailies and -weeklies. Bine Mountain, p. o. in Tippah co., Miss. Has female Seminary of same name. ^Buffalo, (lat. 42° 53', long. 78° 55') city, port of entry (Buffalo Cr.) and the co. seat of Erie co., N. Y., is situated on a cupacious, easily acces- sible, and safe harbor, formed by the estuary- of ButTalo Cr., at the E. extremity of Lake Erie, and at the head of Niagara R., also 441?^ mis. via Albany, and 432i^mls. via Corning, N. W. of New York city: 297 mis. W. of Albany, 23 mis. S. of Niagara Falls, 275 mis. E. of De- troit and 268 mis. N. of Pittsburgh, Pa. Its site is a plain, gently rising into a plateau of some 50 feet elevation, commanding a fine view of the lake and Canada shore. The plan of the streets is mainly rectangular. They are wide, firmly laid, frequently fringed with shade trees, and built up with beautiful dwellings and commanding business and public struc- tures. The city possesses an air of neatness and grandeur seldom found in this country. Main street (120 feet ■wide) is the principal thoroughfare. The plateau, or upper portion, is mainly devoted to residence, while the lower portions are given to manufacturing interests and to coivnierce. The city is not more noted for its elegant private than for its substantial business and palatial public structures. Among the latter are the City Hall, the United States Custom House, Peni- tentiary, Post-office, Court House, State Arse- nal, City Hospital, Erie Countv Savings Bank and otlier banks, Providence Insane Asylum (Catholic), St. Mary's Deaf INIute Asylum, State Insane Asylum, which will have a front, ■when completed, of 2,700 feet, the largest iu the United States, if not in the world, ■with r park and grounds of 208 acres ; Buffalo Or- phans' Asylum, St. Vincent's Orphan Asylum, Hospital of Sisters of Charity, etc. It is the seat of Buffalo University and Medical School, the Grosvenor Liljrary, a State Normal School and several -well-stored libraries. The Young Men's Association have large buildings, a choice reading room and a librarj' of 25,000, and St. James Hall, a splendid audience room. The city is very rich in church archi- tecture, its two cathedrals (St. Joseph's and St. Paul's), St. John, St. Louis, Calvary, North, Westminster, Asburyand Riverside church- es, and Church of the Messiah and Cliurch of the Holy Angels, rank among the finest speci- cimens of architectural beauty. Here are several handsome squares and parks, which add to the comfort and cheerfulness of the place. Their entire acreage is 530. The city IS a delightful summer resort, enjoying per- petual breezes. The death rate in 1872 hardly reached 14 to each 1,000 population. The manufacturing interests of Buffalo have grown very rapidly, and in this respect it is surpassed by few cities in the Union. They aggregate a value of (1870) $28,000,000 ; the prin- cipal of -which are agricultural implements, $499,305 ; boots and shoes, $696,010 ; cheese, $715,- 219; men's clothing, $1,328,235 ; flour and meal, $1,931,932; iron blooms, ^50,000; forged and rolled iron, $2,062,865 ; pig iron, $375,100 ; cast- ings, $1,264,250 ; leather, $901,412 ; dressed skins, $599,390; distUled liquors, $1,177,920; malt (1015) BUFFALO. 1016 SUTTON'S COENERS. liquors, $t05,775 ; engines anri boilers, ^Siil,ry2i ; lumber, $1,797,441 ; machinery, $405,775; luiilt, ■1iH0O,821; tin, copper and sheet-iron ware, i!.50i,244. The commercial facilities of the city ai-e very great. Its position is that of an entre- pot for the commerce passing eastward, and a shipping point for that passing west- ward. Its harbor has been greatly improved by the judicious expenditure of large sums of money, and it presents during the season of navigation a scene of as much activity as some of the busiest Atlantic ports. Here are ample wharves, docks, ship-building and re- pair yards, and a system of grain elevators the gi-eatest in capacity and power found on the lakes. During 1S73, 9,959 vessels, tonnage 4,S8(),733, entered and cleared at the port of Buffalo. The total tonnage of the district (Buffalo Cr.) was 1.53,238, viz: 38,547 sail, 7,484 . iron steamers, 4-2,099 steam vessels of all kinds, 3,0G5 barges, and 61,440 canal boats. There were 31 elevators in 1873, with a storage capa- city of 7,215,000 bush., and a transfer capacity of 2,715,000 bush, every 24 hours. The quantity of grain received from the West, was 104,000,- 000 bush., including flour reduced to wheat bushels. The cattle yards cover 50 acres, at w>hich live stock to the value of $.30,000,000 was received. The facilities of the city for inland com- merce are commensurate with those by the lake. It is at the W. terminus of the Erie Canal (completed 1824), the great water tho- roughfare of the state, also at W. terminus of Xew York Central R. R., at X. E. terminus of Lake Shore R. R., at N. terminus of Buffalo, New York & Philadelphia R. R., at N. W. ter- minus of Northwest Division of Erie R. R., and at S. terminus of Niagara Falls Branch of Erie R. R. It is thus brought into contact with all the marts of the East, West and South, and is made neighbor to the great coal fields of Pennsylvania, receiving in 1873, 1,237,708 tons of coal, and shipping 038,653 tons. Buffalo was laid out in 1801 by the Holland Company, and was incorported as a city In 1832. In 1810 it had a population of 1,508 ; in 1820, 2,095 ; 1830, 8,(553 ; 1840, 18,213 ; 1850, 42,261 ; 1860, 81,129, and 1870, 117,714; 71,477 of which were native born, and 46,237 foreign born. Of these 665 were engaged in agriculture, 15,935 in professional and personal services, 7,250 ia trade and transportation, 15,836 in manufac- turing and mining. There were 22,325 fami- lies in the city, averaging .5.27 persons to a family, and 18,285 dwellings, an average of C.44 persons to a dwelling. It publishes twenty-eight newspapers, of which the "Commercial Advertiser," " Buffa- lo Courier," "Demokrat," "Express," "Freie Presse," "Post," "Telegraph" and "Volks Freund" are dailies and weeklies. *Elinira, city in Chemung co., N. Y., and the CO. seat, is situated on Cheniung R., at the mouth of Newtown Cr., 274 mis. by rail W. by N. of New York city, 112 mis. S. by E. of Ro- chester, 148 mis. (via Hornellsville) S. E. of Buffalo, and 78 mis. N. of Williarasport, Pa. The city Is picturesquely located, is hand- somely laid out, and contains many fine private residences, business structures and ijublic edifices. Among the latter are the female College and other educational insti- tutions, the Court House, and imposing chui-ches. The growth of the city in manu- facturing and commercial importance has been rapid, and these interests are largely enhanced by its situation on the Erie R. R., the Northern Central R. R. and at the com- mercial N. terminus of Lehigh Valley R. R. It is thus the pivotal point for the anthracite coal trade northward, and for the thronged travel to the lakes, vineyards, glens and population of 15,683: 12,472 of whom were native born, and 3.391 foreign born. Five newspapers are published here, of which the "Advertiser" and "Gazette" are dailies and weeklies. Howellville, v. In Chester co., Pa. (See Chester Valley the p. o.) Sutton's Corners, p. o. in Crawford co., Pa., now changed to Geneva, a p. v. A^awam, v. in Plymouth co., Mass., on Aga- wam R. & Cape Cod R. R., 51 mis. S. E. of Bos- ton. Petersburg, p. o. in Kent co.. Del. Archer, co. in Tex., N. part. Surface level anil soil generally good. Watered by head streams of Little Wichita R. No statistics for 1870. Arausas, new co. in Tex., S. E. part. It lies on Aransas B. and R., S. of Refugio co. No sta- tistics for 1870. JJlsuiarli, p. V. and (To. seat of Burleigh co., Dak. T., on N. Pacific R. R., at crossing of Missouri R., where connections are made with river steamers, 450 mis. from Duluth. A new and rapidly growing town. Antrim, tn. in S. E. cor. Wyandot CO., Ohio. Pop., 1,061. ^(l^^ LRbJa-'i/