E185 ^^^ vO^ ^vPV o ' . . . * /v < o <\ Vf , I ' • ^ '<*^ c <» " " ♦ '^ Q^ » • • f '^^ ^^ A-^ ,-Vf^-V*' , -^^o^ 0" -> ■f ■, ' ' -> V V . ' • ' -^.,^^^ ^<% -O^ "''-^. V^ y : . o > . ^- , .V ^- '^ Nl.' N' \^ ^^ -> ■3 r.'*- \' ^^ \^ 'J- ^^ "' 'A '" > v^ ^ ' * "' cv ,0' ' -^ % -r c ,^ ^^^'"^ V -^ <" ■^^0^ 4 O 0- ^T' ^^ v"^ \. _ ._ 'v.', ' o.-x^^^M- ^^^ -J^ ^ . '^U.rS '^0^ .N> ^■ C\ 0' .v-/. ^> •7' -^.o^ ,^ o 0^ :^^>^^^m^ 5.^-/^ ^ A?- " «- « ' ^.^^ V o /% :» r \ c o '^, '^^^ vj' ."^ O N O .0^ , ^0^ 4 O , ^ <*. ^ :/~^'-^''\^ ^-.'^ <0 ^' t^ .0^ ■iiJ: k /J Al i( The American of Ancieal and Modern Education Edited By S. M. FRANCIS Author of ''Industrial Thoughts," Etc 5^ , a m Experience of the past Gives us a thought^ E'er we drift fast H we are untaught. m h Copyright and Published by S. M. Francis, January 29, 1923, N. E, Cor, 16th and South streets, Philadelphia, Pa., U. S.A ETHIOPIAN AiMERICAN EDITOR'S PREFADE Mr. RoUin, the great ancient writer, cannot be commended too iiighly lor his wonderful iniorniation which ho has given us through bis Knowledge of ancient history relative to the hiscor.cal works of the Ethiopian nation, and the history of the Egyptian-Carthaginians, a colored people. Our readers will realize that we know something of the historical facts pertaining to Ethiopians and the Ethiopian- Americans from the historical works which are mentioned in the book of Ethiopian- Americans. The following is a hislorical thought of the manners and customs of the Ethiopians, which leads us in further knowledge of the works of theEthiopians. Eg^'pt was ever considered by all the ancients as the most re- nowned school for wisdom and politics, an^ the source from whence most arts and sciences were derived. This kingdom bestowed its noblest laboure and finest arts on the improvement of mankind; and Greece was so sensible of this, that its most illustrious men, as Homer, Pythagoras, Plato, even its great legislators, Lycurgus and Solon, with many more whom it is needless to mention, travelled into Egypt to complete their studies, and draw from that fountain whatevcir was most rare and valuable in every kind of learning. God, himself, has given this kingdom a glorious testimony . When praising Moses, he says of him, that: "He was learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians." Priests, in Egypt, held the second rank to kings. They had great privileges and revenues; their lands were exempt from all imposts; of which some traces are seen in Genesis, where it is said, "Joseph mrde it a law over the land of Egj^pt. that Pharaoh should have the fifth part, except the land of the priests only, which became not Pharaoh's." The prince usually honored them with a large share in his con- fidence and government, because they, of all his subjects, had re- ceived the best education, had acquired the greatest knov/ledge, and were most strongly attached to the King's person and the good '^f the public. They wore at the same time the depositaries of re- ligion and of the sciences; and to tnis circumstance was owing the great respect which was paid them by the natives its well as for- eigners, by whom they were alike consulted upon the most sacred things relating to the mvstories of religion, and the most profound subject in the several sciences. Menes. Historians are unanimously aj^recd, that Denes was a black man, thc'first king of Egjpt. It is pretended, and not without founda- tion, that he is the same with Misraim, the son of ?Iam. Ham was the second son of Noah. When the family of the latter after the extravagant attempt of building the tower of Babel, dis- pursued thbemselves into diflercnt countries. Ham returned to Africa and it doubtless was he who aftei-wards was worshipped as a god, under the name of Jupiter Amnion. He had four children, Chus. Mis- raim, Phut, and Canaan. Chus settled in Ethiopia, Misraim in Egypt, which gener.'illv is called in Scripture after his name and by that of Ham his father; Phut took possession of that part of Africa which lies westward of Egypt; and Canaan, of that country which after- wards bore his name. The Canaanites are certainly t'le same people ©C1A6 97 36 8 / JAN 30 1923 01 ^' OF ANCIENT AND MODERN EDUCATION 3 — who are called Pheonicians by the Greeks, of Which \ forei^ name no reason can be given, any more than of the oblivion \j) of the true one. -~ I return to Misram. He is agreed to be the same Menes, who j ~ all historians declare to be the first king of Egypt, the institutor of ■^i; the worship of gods, and of the ceremonies of the sacriflce. 1^ Not far from hence was seen a magnificent library, the oldest [p- mentioned in history. Its title or inscription on the iront was, "The office, or treasury, of remedies for the diseases of the soul." Near it were statues, representing all the Egyptian Gods, to each of whom the king made suitable offerings; by which he seemed to be desirous of informing posterity, that his life and reign had been distinguished by piety to the gods and justice to men. The Carthaginians were indebted to the Tyrians, noc only for their origin, but their manners languages, customs, laws, religion and the great application to commerce, as will appear from every part of the sequel. They . spoke the same language with the Tyrians, and the same with the Canaanites and Israelites, that is, the He- brews tongue, or at least a language which was entirely derived from it. Their names had commonly some particular meaning; thus Hanno signified gi-acious, bountiful; Dido amiable, or well beloved; Sophon- isba one who keeps faithfully her husband's secrets. From a spirit of religion, they likewise joined the name of God to tneir own, com- formably to the genius of the Hebrews. Hannibal, which answers to Ananias, signifies Baal (or the Lord) has been gracious to me. Asdrubal, answering to Azarias, signifies The Lord will be our suc- cor. It is the same with other names, Adherbal, Maharbal, Et\ The Pheonnicians, signifies Baal (or the Lord) has been gracious to me. word Poeni from which Punic is derived, is the same with Phoeni or Poenulus of Plautus is a scene written in the Punic tonge, which has very much exercised the learned. But the strict union which always substituted between the Phoen- icans and Carthaginians is still more remarkable. The name Ethiopian is the universal name of all colored nations of the world, which we learn through the truth of ancient and modern education. In the name Ethiopian-American, we have discovered a new vision through knowledge of spiritual works and knowledge of intellectual, industrial and financial works of industrial in- telligence, which opens our understanding to business and education for the advancement and encouragement of the Ethiopian-American in the United States of America and elsewhere. Ethiopian-American is what we are, and what we shall be called through religion, education and in all industries of our country. The two things which we should keep before us is, knowledge of God and temporal improvement of intellectual activities of the industrial world. The name Ethiopian-American is the name of ancient and modern intelligence of colored nations of the United States of America. -, ., People who believe that they are Negroes are transgressors of the law of God, therefore, we find that this evil thought must be broken up in the mind, which proves that there is no history or in- telligence of any kind that substantiates the word Negro as being a truthful expression applied to colored people. Debaters who once held that the Nick-name Negro was rightly applied to colored people, have fallen in falsification before Scipio; of Rome, who fell through corruption, and knew nothing of the Nick- name Negro, only through himself. From this we can see that there 4 ETHIOPIAN AMERICAN is nothing to this expression but a false and superstituous belief, which creates ignorance, malice and murder in the minds of ignorant people through slavery to kill. The intelligent, honest and successful politician and industrial leadership cannot be produced out of the ignorance of one believing that he is a Negro. This thought is the thought of childish play, The successful leadership is to come out of the knowledge of colored people whose intelligence teaches them that they are Ethiopian- Amer.cans, The first people who landed upon this continent wree the Israelites Indians, the people of the Ethiopian nation that gave the first thought of civilization to this country, therefore, it is illegal to enact segre- gation laws in the various parts of our country making colored peo- ple subject to taxation without representation. This condition of affairs is nothing less than injustice to humanity. We should strive to have patience with ourselves, and patience in the thing-s we do, in order that we might understand self-interest patience. This is the knowledge we should obtain to profit by intel- lectual, industrial and. financial life. Mankind was not made for the purpose of being impatient in the things which come under his ob- servation, neither were we made for the purpose of robbing each other of the God <:iven rights, neither to kill each other. The purpose of mankind is to learn to do and to do right through knowledge of righteousness, which is found in loving-kindness, which comes out of the heart that sends forth good will in all things. Let us learn to take this thought into consideration that we might profit through the knowledge of self-interest patience, which is a virtue that belongs in the knowledge of righteousness. INTRODUCTION The only p'^'-on? that can be mndc to believe that they are Negroes, are theses of the most ignorant of all that can be in heathenism and wickedness. The idea of people believing that they are Negroes, proves that they are ignorant of the knowledge of God and His Righteousness, which covers all things in Heaven and earth. People who are made to bel-eve that they are Negroes, live under the curse of ignorance, which results from a lack of education and intelligence. This is the result of segregation, instead of teaching that people are Ethiopians and Ethiopian-Americans. We should be proud of the Bible, which produces the book of Gere«;is. Genesis 2 chapter, 13th verse gives the name of the first land in the world which name is Ethiot)ia a Hebrew word, the in- terpretation of which is black. We believe that God used the dust of this land when He said, "Let us make man in our own image, aftci- our likenefs " This we understand to be Adam, made out of the Ethiopian dust of the ground. Because of this, and because of the opportunity of givine the world the greatest knowledge of civili- zation, all Ethiopians arid Ethiopian-.^mericans should be proud of beiJig bb'ck. The peonle who encouratre colored people in drinking whiskey, gettine drunk, (ramblinir. who make plots to enact laws of segregation and limited education, and who keep colored people from public happiness and equal rierhts of trades, professions and labor because they h-'ve boon ignorantly taught and made to believe and acknow- ledge that they are Negroes instead of teaching them that they are Ethiopian Americans, are not the fr!ends of God nor man. OF ANCIENT AND MODERN EDUCATION 5 It is the duty of the citizens and the people of our state to de- mand that every governor and member of our state legislature shall pass a law in the state legislature prohibiting the use of the word Negro. We are only capable of believing and doing what is right for the best interest of ourselves through knowledge of Christsian and business education, which opens our minds and hearts to what is right and just in dealing with each other. Through drunkenness and display of ignorance, we deprive ourselves of the rights made by the law to protect us as citizens of the Government. We cannot deny the fact that we shall not pay the penalty for negligence of duty in citizenship, if we remain ignorant of ancient and modern edu- cation which teaches us to be Ethiopian- American. Self-interest of this work is found to be the teacher of experience, which we should desire to protect our interest, which is of human rights in all the industries of life. Through drunkenness and extravagance. We lose our way; In all that's ignorance, From day to day The Ethiopian Americans who think and act through knowledge of wisdom and education, become the master minds In all industries of the world. Remember we have not done our duty until this work shall have been accomplished by our hands. Social equality and the would-be Negro problem is a condition made by jealous and selfish people to protect their financial inter- ests through segregation, which creates the plan to keep Ethiopian- Americans in ignorance of .their rights and duties in the industries and departments of justice in our country. The way out of this condition is by an honest service to humanity, which comes through knowledge of useful education in all of the industries of the world. In speaking further of our nativity and of our industries, let us teach ourselves and the people of the world that we are members of the Ethiopian-American nation, and are also by name Ethiopians and Ethiopian-Americans, which would further teach us in speaking to say of our industries, Ethiopian-American Business League, Ethi- opian-American Associated Press. In speaking of papers, we should "^ay Ethiopian World. These are sample thoughts of business expres- sions which we should learn to use in speaking of ourselves and of our industries to people in business. This thought should be carried into the homes and the schools, and in all business places and organiza- tions of the world. ETHIOPIAN AMERICAN PRESS ONWARD -*ress onward, forever onward, Jhildren of Ethiopia, press -0 obtain the reward .1 work for success. nward and l?e wise o shun the wrong ^nd to justice rise hich makes life long. /ork in God's Love, hrough EarLh and Sea; hat came from above, set us free. . ress forwrrd, forever onward, 1 truth and light; o enjoy the reward, . hat comes through right. m Science and Art, Liife is made wise, 'Ihrough an understanding heart liiat wc might rise. Experience of the past, Lijves us the thought E'er we drift fast If we are untaught. All that we do Will pay in time That we make true. Through all the clime. Forward and be wise To obtain the reward, That makes us rise In work that's onward. People wno use the word ''Negro," making the words "colored and Negro" one in their expressions, are without intelligence and po- iteness of speech. These two words do not mean the same. First ^f all, the word "Negro" is a curse word which we should not use. Jhe word "colored" is that which comes from God and is right in he knowledge and use of mankind. We find this ignorant expres- ion, which disgraces our literature, often used by people who ■aim to be educated in books and papers. We should further remember that no governor of our State egislature in the United States of America can safely lead people 1 knowledge of freedom and righteousness of liberty and still be •tive in leadership of discrimination and separate laws in our :ate legislature of our country, which is against the constitutional : ights. To do this, we would keep citizens of our couYitry in ignor- •nce and inactive of Christian education and political knowledge nd rights of the ballot; also in the institution of freedom and public happiness of public places in our government. Drunkenness makes the slave That will not rise Where light will save To make us wise Through drunkenness we create Ignorance of ev<3ry kind Tiirough jealousy and hate That keeps us blind. No man or woman of our nation deserves recognition of leader- ■ilp who does not lead people from ignorance to education, and •om education to knowledge, from knowledge to liberty, from berty to wisdom and from wisdom to love, from love to greater ive of human rights, which is the joy of education through our )ve and kindness of each other in our country. OF ANCIENT AND MODERN EDUCATION 7 ETHIOPIAN-AMERICAN The name Ethiopian-American was founded and edited by S. M. Francis, July 3, 1922, 1004 S. 19th St., Philadelphia, Pa., U. S. A. The name Ethiopian-American was founded in order that we might discontinue the Nick-name Negro, which is a slang word misrepresenting the Ethiopian-Americans of the United States of America and elsewhere. Our purpose is to teach the industries through education of ancient and modem history for the good of humanity. Professor of eloquence, philosopher, poet, historian and poet laureat. Author of Knowledge, Labor and Human Rights, Ethiopian Carthaginians Disarmament Love is the Law Industrial Thoughts, etc. We educate the mind. Through industries to stay That we might find. Ourselves in work today. We must make the name Ethiopian-American an intellectual in- dustry in order to open our minds, that we might work in knowledge of industries, which educates the mind to understanding. In tWs thought we master every situation in the world which is in polite literature and education. In reading books, let us learn to read books by S. M. Francis, in order that it might help to broaden our mind in the work of Christian education. We feel that it is our duty to teach the subject of Ethiopia in the schools. We realize that there are questions of Ethiopia with which we are not familiar in our institutions of learning, therefore, we take pleasure in coming before schools to acquaint them of the names of colored people, which is of this question . It is hoped that much good will be accomplished from the name Ethiopia in schools, lecture room?, and literary societies, among teachers and students of historical education and rights of humanity, in order that the system of education might become more favorable for the advance- ment of the nations of the world. The thought which we gather from historical truth is the root of education and intellectual work, which is obtained from knowledge of ancient and modern history. We should use knowledge of education to improve ourselves in schools of industries, which gives advantages of human rights in business, which teaches us to know our dyty and to respect the laws of our constitution, which are made to govern the rights of our government and people, also our historical rights of Ancient and modern history. Magistrates and legislators be. Through science and art. To make Ethiopians free In mind and heart. 8 ETHIOPIAN AMERICAN It is our duty to free ourselves from bondage, ignorance, poverty, superstition, selfishness, drunkenness and vice through the teaching of Christian education in our homes, organizations and business place* throughout our country. Ignorance and wickedness are the tvvro evils through which we are cursed. No people or nation should entertain the idea of being cursed because they are black. This ignorant belief invites slavery. Anyone who entertains this idea or teaches this evil, is an enemy to Christianity and ignorant of civilization. The reason we are put to such great disadvantage, is that we trust in vdckedness and ignorance rather than in intelligence and righteousness, which is the truth that makes us free. It is our duty to entertain the idea that we should be intelligent and rich, for the purpose of being honest and useful to humanity. This standard of intelligence would drive all superstition, ignorance and wicked- ness from the world, Ethiopian- Americans who are educated people, addressing themselves as Negroes, instead of using the name Ethiopian-Americans. This is a condition of ignorance, which keeps the unlearned and unfortunate people forever in ignorance by the example of those who are supposed to be educated. People who call themselves Negroes, will find themselves drifting from bad to worse in the utmost sphere of nowhere, because of an ig^iorant and stubborn mind that will not heed to intelligence. It is the duty of the advanced teacher to remove these conditions from those who call themselves teachers, lawyers, preachers, doc- tors, and editors of newspapers. It is among this type of people and those who pretend to be leaders of industries, that this condition predominates. Out of the Nick-name Negro is discovered ill-feeling which pro- duced segregation and unequaled rights for Ethiopian-Americans, Jue to ignorance of human rights. This evil predominates over all industries of the universe to pi-event them investigating the evil lone to Ethiopian-Americans and Ethiopian people elsewhere. The reason we raise this universal protest against the Nick-name Megro, is, that it hindt-rs the rights and progress of people through industries. We believe in the getting together in knowledge of Christian ard business education, in order that this thought might j^ve us intellectual and financial aid to overthrow this ignorance and evil, of being called Negroes, instead of Ethiopian-Americans. Out of Ethiopian-Americans bring Science and the art, And to industries cling With a willing heart Through the Ethiopian-American name We create the enterprise Without fear or shame That we might rise. This book was written to teach the people of the world, to use he name Ethiopian-American, when one thinks, speaks, or writes if colored people in thf United States of America. On the other land, it is understood that the first name Ethiopia would be used n accordance with the name of the continent upon which colored -)eople lived . The name Ethiopian-American is the name known and used by <"very intelligent individual and nation in the world to answer criti- OF ANCIENT AND MODERN EDUCATION 9 cism toward colored people. Wherever deficiency is observed among the Ethiopian-Americans, it is due to educational, industrial, politi- cal and financial injustices which come through prejudice of wicked powers of our Government. The name Ethiopian-American teaches us brotherly love and wis- dom in industry, and honest wealth to ourselves and to all nations of the world. This is what we have found in the name Ethiopian- American, the name chosen by colored nations to be used in the United States by intelligent and good-thinking people. Our purpose is to speak of primitive man, who was found in the land where creation first took place, which was Ethiopia. It was in this place that man received knowledge of spiritual truth, education and intellectual industries of the world. We further see that there would not have been any knowledge of modern education, nor works of civilization, nor business in- telligence, had it not been for ancient history and civilization laid by Ethiopians According to ill-feeling and prejudice, the name Negro has been applied to Ethiopian-Americans. We beg leave to inform unfortunate and ignorant persons and teachers that the name Negro was never at any time applied to Ethiopians in ancient history or ancient education. The name Negro came into existence through direction and order of Scipio, a Roman General, who thought slavery would exist for- ever, and who overthrew Carthage a Black Republic in the northern part of Africa . This Republic was named Ethiopian-Carthaginians . This occured later than the year 146, before Christ. The Nick-name Negro was selected by Scipio through prejudice and jealousy of the Black Republic, namely Carthage of Africa. We should also remember that the Black people contributed all to literature, science art and industry to the world, therefore, all nations are indebted to the Ethiopians for their present knowledge. There are numerous peoeple who have high school and college edu- cataions, who do not know anything about ancient history which would enable them to teach the truth of Ethiopians. It is due to the fact that they have been unfortunate in securing historical rights in education of E.thiopians. Let us remember that there is no re- lationship between the Nick-name Negro and the name Ethiopian. We should teach this thought in schools and colleges, in order that students might become proficient in historical education. ^ We look forward to the day when the Legislature of our states and members of the United States Congress and Senate shall pass a law against the word Negro, also to enact a law to tax segregation states, which violate the Constitution and laws of the country. No individual is considered correct nor intelligent, who makes nse of the word Negro in books, newspapers, sermons, speeches, or in teaching. To do this is to violate the laws of polite literature and the Hebrew language, which is the oldest spoken by mankind. Any attempt made to teach this ignorant thought, is a sin and untruth of intellectual, spiritual and industrial rights of civilization. We must teach the truth in order th.it people might learn of Ethio- pian-Americans in the industries of the community. We must teach that colored nations of the world are the descendents of kings and queens of Ethiopia, Jerusalem, Assyria, etc. _,. 'i%_ David, who was inspired with holy words from God, tells us ih his beautiful Psalm, "Ethiopia shall stretch out her hands unto God." Herodotus, a black man, the great father of history, pro- nounces the Ethiopians the most majestic and beautiful of men. The object of the colored nations of AmeHca and of the world 10 ETHIOPIAN AMERICAN is to teach people through education, that they are Ethiopian- Americans. This name is to bring forth the truth of mankind into joy, knowledge, wisdom and understanding throughout the world . The more we respect the truth, the gn^eater will be our ability to enjoy knowledge of intellect and wealth through know- ledge of industries. Gambling and drunkenness undo To see the flaw That makes us untrue Who violates the law ..The Command and Law of God. — "Ye fathers! bring up your children in the nature and admonition of the Lord." Eph. 6:4. "And if a stranger sojourn with thee in your land, ye shall not vex him. But the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one bom among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself." Lev. 19:23. "Children, obey your parents in all things: for this is well pleas- ing unto the Lord." Cor. 3:20. "Honor thy father and thy mother." Ex. 20:12; Eph. 6:1. "The law is not made for a righteous man, but for the lav,'lesa and disobedient, for the ungodly and sinners, for the unholy and profane, for murderers of fathers and murderers of mothers, for man-slayers, for whoremongers, for them that defile themselves •with mankind, for man-stealers." 1 Tim. 1:9-10. "Thou shalt not steal." Exodus 21:16. "He that stealeth a man and selleth him, or if he be found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death." Exodus 20:15. "Master give unto your servants that which is just and equal." Col. 4:1. "Woe unto you lawyers! for ye have taken away the key of knowledge: Ye entered not in yourselves, and them that were en- tering in ye hindered." Luke 11:52. .... "Behold! the hire of the laborers who have reaped down your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth: and the cries of them which have reaped are entered into the ears of the Lord of Sabbath." .las. 5:4. "Parents, bring up your children to obey and honor you." As we look through the knowledge of light and truth, we find that diunkinness and ignorance are two plots made by whiskey- sellers and slave-holders to teach and influence the Ethiopian- Americans to believe that they are Negroes, in order to obtain financial gain. Ancient and Modern Education E.und about us. The knowledge which we glean from this pocjliififtl •p9mposifion will not allow anyone to remain sinful or poor RQijibeiitfi^rnorant or idle or extravagant, or fond of drunkenness, OF ANCIENT AND MODERN EDUCATION 11 which is in opposition to Christian principles. The poetical words of "Ethiopian- American" says: People who insist upon maJcing: colore^ people beliere they are Negroes, are in their confidene*" for the purpose of deceiving them through hypocritical teaching of truth, which will destroy their future opportunities and i>rivileges of true spiritual worship, also of intellectual, industrial and financial rights, which are now the rights of Ethiopian-Americans in the United States of America We cannot be truly respectable and intelligent teachers to Ethi- opian-Americans by teaching them they are Negroes. Through this condition of ignorance, the truth is untaught which the Bible produces in thought that colored people are Ethiopians Wherever the term or word Negro is used, it carries an expression of evil works. We cannot be progressive in christian service to God and man, nor to works of business intelligence, and hold to the old ignorant and prejudiced idea that people are Negroes. If so, we will remain ignorant of classical and polite literature, which it is our duty to learn, also without manners and respect to mankind. This thought should be uppermost in the minds of every people, nation and government. All law-makers of governments should pass a law making it a crime for any person to call another a Negro, darkie, nigger, negress, or any nick-name derived from the word Negro, also a penalty or imprisonment for any violation of the law. This would help schools and industries of the people in our country to be more intelligent. Remember it is the work of teachers, the Board of Education, the text books, the schools, the parents, the preachers, the law- makers, lecturers, and educators of colleges, and branches of in- dustrial work to teach colored people that they are Ethiopian- Americans, and not Negroes, as we have been so ignorantly called by all supposedly educated people. In America and elsewhere this evil causes segregation, limited education, and murder of man- kind in our country of Christian civilization. It should be the duty of people of America to turn down and refuse to follow ignorant leaders and teachers, and especially those who participate in drunkenness and dishonest industry, who teach people and nations that colored people are Negroes. The Ethiopian- Americans should be taught through education to turn from all papers, books, pamphlets, etc., that refuse to use the name Ethiopian American in referring to colored people. Through drunkenness we fall In ignorance and strife; Where we loose all That makes our life The name Ethiopian is a Hebrew word, which means black, and the name American is an English word. We unite these two together in order that we might learn to call colored people Ethiopian- Americans. By the way of further information, we desire to say Hanno, an Africa, the father of Hamilcar, was a general of Carthage. He flourished when the Carthaginians were in their greatest prosperity. Some place his time 140 years before the founding of Rome, which would be 800 years before the era of the whites. This commander- in-chief was sent out with a fleet and army by order of the Cartha- 12 ETHIOPIAN AMERICAN ginian Senate, to make treaties and settle colonies on the coast of Africa. (Encyclopaedia Perthensis, Rollin, Voss and Hist Gr. 1. 4.) Remember if we fail to read books of our nation in the future as we have in the past, we will find ourselves drifting further and further in ignorance of historical rights for lack of education. The history of the Ethiopian-Carthaginian Nation Gives thought of Carthage in Tyre, Where the Ethiopians made their place, In art and science of education. We must make the name Ethiopian-American an intellectual in- dustry in order to open our minds that we might work in knowledge of industries, which educate the mind to understanding. In this thought we master every situation in the world which is in polite literature and education. In reading books, let us learn to read books by S. M. Francis, in order that it might help to broaden our mind in the work of Christian education. The nick-name Negro and the condition which encourages colored people to drink whiskey and get drunk, is the cause of ignorance which they produce and which further makes prejudice and ignor- ance of ignorance, which is the cause of the present slavery, which they are undergoing in many states of the United States of America. The Congress of the United States and the other law-makers of the world, should make a law to bar all expressions of the word Negro in papers, books and all other reading matter. This expres- sion is due to the wickedness and limited education of many people. Our conscience has aroused our minds and hearts to believe that It is the duty of the people of the christian church, the Board of Education of our country and the members in the various depart- ments of the international working organizations of the world, to demand that colored people be called by the name Ethiopians and Ethiopian-Americans. We should be national and international, and unitrd on the name Ethiopians and Ethiopian-Americans. These names should be taken into the various departments of our or- ganizations and governments of the world. We feel that it is our duty to teach in the scho()ls the subject of Etliiopia. We realize thiat there are questions of Ethiopia that we are not familiar with in our institutions of learning, therefore, we take pleasure in coming before schools to acquaint ihem of the names of colored people, which is of this question. It is hoped that much good will be accomplished from the name Ethiopia in .schools, lecture rooms, and literary societies, among teachers and students of hi.'.torical education and rights of humanity, in order that the system of education may become moi'c favorable for the advance- ment of the nations of the world. The thought which we gather from historical truth is the root of education and intellectual worl s. which is obtained from knowledge of Ancient and Modern History. We should use know!edc:e of education to improve ourselves in schools of civilization, which gives advantages of human rights in business, which teaches us to know our duty and to respect the laws- of our constitution, which is made to govern the rights of our gov- ernmi nt and people, also our historical rights of ancient and Modern History. Through business we rise. If trained to do, Work that is wise. To make us true. OF ANCIENT AND MODERN EDUCATION 13 It is our duty to free ourselves from bondage, ignorance and jwverty, superstition, selfishness, drunkenness, and rice, through the teaching of Christian education in our homes, organizations, and business places throughout our country. We speak of education for the purpose of doing good to humanity throughout the civilized world. The purpose of education is to teach people human justice and to know knowledge and wisdom in usefulness of business, which sup- plies us with art and science; also to strive for freedom of love and unity each with the other, in knowledge of Christian education, which represents the highest intelligence of the human mind. Unexcused we're for ignorance With an enlightened day. With privilege to advance And pleasure to obey. Intellect makes the chance, Thru money we earn, That we might advance In what we leam. For every evil contact A reward is due Of each unkind act To everyone we do. Confidence within conquers doubt. In every tempted hour; That works false out With energy and power. The history of Ethiopian-American, Unfolds the ancient light. To give unto man The name that's right. From poverty and crime. Let industries help thee, Make use of time, Wherever one may be. Work done through inspiration Envy not the good Develops minds of mankind That's done through education. Through industries of education Love of one brotherhood Which we should find. Makes a true nation. Little by little do Ignorance is the foe. To complete the plan. Which disturbs the mind. Of works in view Wherever we would go The best we can. We should teach mankind. 14 ETHIOPIAN AMERICAN Efforts and energy reach Through works of education And the intelligence teach It to every nation Education is the thought Used by the wise, In everything that's taught To make the enterprise Delay not for tomorrow In idleness of today, Which makes us boirow That we never pay The right will win Through the righteous way Wherever right we begin In works of today. Love justice and peace To do the right, Let all malice cease. That blinds the sight. Increase thyself in wisdom, With God and man. In earth's great kingdom. Work out the plan Learn self-interest to defend Thyself from being poor Which is a friend That's at every door. We educate to do The work that's right Which proves we're true To be the light. Out of talents shine To make works free. In every business line, That we might see. Make the business grow Through works of education, That we might know, The nature of Creation. We exercise the will Through what we learn. In thoughts of skill To live and earn. We make the day. Of skill and art Which is the way That we must start. We learn through education To make work pay, All over the creation In a better way Now is the time To think and do, Work in every clime To make ourselves true. The art in education Makes the individual's thought, Upon the school's foundation Of industrial lessons taught Get out each hour From day to day Money that makes power. To lead the way. Drunken ne'^s is a disgrace All of the time From place to place, It is a crime. Work in the ground, Where the wealth lay, All the world round The work will pay. Education creates the occupation To make mankind gieat. In every work of creation Unless its too late. In union work together To do for fill. One with the other. Whether great or small. Decency and morality seek. To teach every nation. Where wickedness makes weak Through lack of education. Injustice do not impart To secure dishonest gain Through wickedness of heart That ends in vain. In .school strength lay To read and write The business of today Which make'-, us ml'tc Not enough *o stop, In a low grade Onward to the top Where industiir .-ne made. OF ANCIENT AND MODERN EDUCATION 15^ Through drunkenness we fall Into crime and ignorance, With life that's all Of sin and extravagance We do the right, To trust and obey; In truth tha's light All of the way. To make life free, And appreciate the health That nature gives thee , Through drunkenness lies ignorance Which makes the fool, Go blind in extravagance Who forsakes the school. Vice creates the ignorance Through which slavery brings, In drunkenness and extravagance That hath overthrown everything. Ashamed not of vice, Through ignorance and sin. Shall slavery come twice. To go back in? Drunkenness worst of ignorance Which rules the mind In wickedness and extravagance, That will forever bind. In space and time, Found in every clime. To enjoy good health. Lies intellect and wealth. Make money through skill. Spend and save some Through knowledge of good-will. To make wealth come. Over and over again. Forget not to try, To exercise the brain, Though opposition may defy. Both healthy and wise Ever strive to be In all the enterprise To be made free. The intellect of mind Builds up every nation, Who seeks to find The works of education. Teach love and lijrhuL, That we might see To do the right, Wherever we may be . Education is the tool. Of the Ethiopian's toil. Taught in the school. To own the soil. Wisdom destroys the ignorance, Who will not think. Through money and education, Demand what is right, From nation to nation Of truth and light. Drunkenness creates the segre- gation Through ignorance of drink. In every stubborn nation. That will not think. Which teaches against extrava- gance To make us brave. That we might save Through industries of today. Leave the drunkenness behind; To accumulate and obey. Through an educated mind. Let nothing come between Be prince and queen The experience and education. Of the Ethiopian nation. Back to the enterprise From whence we came. In industries to rise, In the Ethiopian's name In commerce and art. Stretch forth thy hand, To educate the heart. In love to understand. Out of black dust The first nation came, To live and trust In God's Holy name As days of old, Ethiopians are the same. Who contributed the gold, That gave nations fame. 16 ETHIOPIAN AMERICAN Back to the soil To own the farm Through sense of toil With arm to arm Workmen of the ground Find in it wealth The whole world round, Of joy and health- Freedom and culture make Through work of education. Let the Ethiopians awake And be a nation. United we shall be. In all that's right, To be ever free, In truth and light. Unite youth and age Of the Ethiopian nation, And take the advantage Of business through education, In every drunken act, We waste money made. Unaware of the fact We hurt our trade. Crime upon a crime In idleness we find; All of the time We should always mind. Idleness causes the sin that makes us bad, Which we fall in To be made sad. Blind unbelief we are Without God's Holy light. Which is the star That gives us light. Chance comes through education To rise from downfall, And be a nation Through God our all Intellect for the mind. Love for the heart. These we should bind In skill and art. Through every good act. We make ourselves free, From contact to contact. Of things we see. The light has come That we might bring, The good in life, And to it cling. Gifts of the mind. Come through infinite light, Which we should bind, With all our might. Idleness is a crimr. Through which laziness bring, To imprison every time Through ever>' wicked thing. Knowledge makes business edu- cation In honesty to .stand, Through the Ethiopian-American nation That's in our land. Masters of industry be Through space and time To make work free, From clime to clime. Teach the nations truth Of the Ethiopian's land That age and youth In school might understand. Love is a gift, That comes from God, Unto the human uplift, Hherever we may trod. Love fulfills the law Which is God's command From which to draw- To protect the land Developed minds can reach The works in view Of whatever Nature teach That we can do. Out of poverty rise, Into useful wealth today,, To make the enterprise All along life's way. Let righteous nations make Laws of the world, To kepp truth awake. With loves banner unfurled. Vote always to be The power of law. That wo might sec To capture every flaw. V OF ANCIENT AND MODERN EDUCATION 17 ■Good works of mankind In everything brings success That we might bind In words to express. Intellect is the friend, To create the gold In honest wealth ascend As Ethiopians of old . Stir up the gift That's in the mind, Through knowledge to uplift In works of mankind. Be first of all To make thyself free From slavery's fall And in intelligence agree. Acquire intellect and wealth, God through Christ preach, That we might search, For truth and teach, Ignorance is the stumblingblock That's in our way To make us flock Through drunkenness to disobey. Millionaires and billionaires be, Through work of education And from ignorance flee. To be a nation. Draw out of education The knowledge of good-will. To teach the Ethiopian nation The arts and skill. Magistrates and legislators be Through science and art, To make Ethiopian-Americans free, In mind and heart. President and statesmen be To represent the land. And from ignorance flee Into wisdom to understand In the Bible look, For the Ethiopian information, Which is the book To teach every nation. Through the teaching of Slavery by wicked slave-holders, the word NeegTo was born in the minds of millions of white and Black people, which yet remains. It was established to make the Ethiopian Americans forget their history, and also to make them feel that they were inferior to all other nations, and that all other nations were superior to them. In this we have the wrong teaching through education and civilization . It is only through historical and Christian education that we see the light to overthrow this evil . The book entitled "Industrial Thoughts," was w-ritten by Mr. Francis and is a treatise on industrial education, also an example of intellectual industry-, for every nation of people. We also find the book entitled "Knowledge of Labor and Human Rights" a brilliant intellectual light, which helps us to see the foundation of evil and Ignorance, also "The History of the Ethiopian-Carthaginian", which refers to Ethiopian-Americans. In work of research, we must remember not to falsify our words of interpretation in translation of the word Ethiopian, which means Black. We refer directly to scholars interested in literature ana history of colored people, whom we further call Ethiopian-Ameri- cans, which were the first people in the world . First of all, people whom we call Ethiopian-Americans are not Negroes. This assertion is one to be considered by teachers, preach- ers and public speakers, who often use the term Negro in referring to Ethiopian-Americans. This method of teaching is an introduction of slavery and heathenism of which many of our teachers and preach ers are not aware in their teaching in the schools, churches, the home, and the societies. The word Ethiopian-American teaches us to be free from the use of the word Negro, which applies to colored people who are 18 ETHIOPIAN AMERICAN Ethiopian-Americans. The name Ethiopian-Americans should be made an intellectual industry in all of our schools, colleges, churches and business places. In teaching, remember the knowledge of an individual's or a nation's civilization lies in their manners and character, which pro- duces kindness to everyone and politeness in thought, act and speech. The information which is obtained from Ethiopian-American gives us knowledge of respect to all nations and peoples. This thought, without a doubt, is the course of our education which we should pursue, also in our religious and business transactions, for financial honesty in all industries with E.thiopians and other nations of the World. The nick-name Negro is a term used to inconveniently situate col- ored people in industries of civilization through selfishness and through unions of the world, which encourage ignorance. We can only be inspired through intelligence of ancient and modern educa- tion to remove the burden of ignorance and drunkenness which bur- dens us with slavery. One hundred and forty years before the founding of Rome, the people whom we now call Negroes were known as Ethiopian-Cartha- ginians, the same as colored people of today are known as Ethiopian- Americans. Nature substantiates the fact that opposition forces service of excellency for the best interests of humanity, where negligence dominates through ignorance of worthless individuals or nations. Acts of spiritual foundation make education the sense of things produced out of thought to safeguard individuals' rights of historical and modern industries. Through this we merit recognition that's due, because of satis- factory service rendered, which is created by and through education, which unearths the truth for the good of Ethiopian-Americans. In speaking further of the Ethiopian Americans, we realize that they are the descendants of the Ethiopian-Carthagenians. In this we find a knowledge of industry of the New Testament which was ratified at the Third Council at carthage A. D., 397, and from that time it was received throughout the Latin churches. In this also we find a contribution of historical truth of the Ethiopian-Cartha- genian.s who are the same as the Ethiopian-Americans are today. The word Negro is not a word of God, neither does it belong to the Holy Scriptures, which is the Bible, the book and foundation of use of the word Negro should be made illegal, punishable by a fine socially, caused by the word. These disadvantaages prove that the all wisdom. It is not recognized in polite literature, neither in re- ligion, society, state or education. The word Negro is opposed by the people of every intelligent na- and imprisonment, therefore, let the law in its judgement demand that colored people be called Ethiopian-Americans. MB 1 a OF ANCIENT AND MODERN HISTORY 19 Our intellectual, industrial and financial help of good-will must be thrown around the Ethiopian-American of the United States and Ethiopians and people of otner color in every part of the world in order to bring forth the acts of intellectual, industrial and financial usefulness of intelligence and education which lies in the arts and science of civilization among the Ethiopian nations of the world. Let us do this without being impatient one with the other, in or- der that we might receive the blessings from God which have opened our understanding to the truth of all things. We read from Sacred History the following thought: "And Noah was five hundred years old, and Noah begat Shem, Ham and Japeth. The sons of Noah who went forth out of the ark were Shem, Ham and Japeth; all were of one color, black, and of them was the whole earth peopled for the purpose of multiplyng and doing good in the earth, one toward the other in brotherly love." "To the descendants of Ham, I have generally given the name of Ethiopia — black with frizzled or curly hair. The descendants of Shem denominate Assyrians and Syrians.-black with long straight hair. Shem had five sons: Elam, Ashur, Arphaxad, Aram and Laud, who inhabited the land from the Euphrates to the Indian Ocean and Abyssinia." . In all the work of these brothers. Ham was the most successful in all that they did, in art and science of civilization. Bring about a way To teach every nation Good laws to obey In industries of education Poor and ignorant learn To make us free ! Through what we earn, Self-help lies in thee. Si The Ethiopian American of Ancient and Modern Education Edited by S. M. FRANCIS Author of "Industrial Thought," Ets. Meanest of the mean Finds the cleansing flood, Which wash and clean Only through Jesus' blood From the cleansing flood Says the writer's pen, Out of one blood God made all men. 1l^t^l«?it^r^iri*ll^rr»ir«\ltr»ltrs .V ^^^^ ^ ^ ^ o V ^ . '^\' 9- ^^^: .^,- >' "-^^ '-'^IP!*" #^\ ' I^ ?- , DOBBSBROS. 1 LIBRARY BINDING ST. AUGUSTINE ■ b^ ' ^^^2^- '^/ /^^ FLA. "-^ 'S2084 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 1 r ■ .: :,ijl 011 642 630 4