MARSHALL COUNTY. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH HISTORY MARSHALL COUNTY, IOWA. By MRS. N. SAISTFORD. CLINTON, IOWA: LESLIE, McALLASTER & CO., PRINTERS AND BINDERS. 18 67-. INTRODUCTION. In giving this little book to the citizens of Marshall County, it may be well to say it was written under many embarrassing circumstances, and not with the intention of making any elaborate literary effort. We have only tried to show the great advance made in the wealth and prosperity of this section of Iowa — the rightful heritage of the toilers amid the rocks and sterile soil of the East ; therefore, we ask the kindly consideration of the critic. We commenced it as a pamphlet work, but many wishing it in a more permanent form, we have finally issued it to our readers in a manner better suited to their tastes. We are mucli indebted to many of our prominent citizens for pecuniary help, and shall ever remember them gratefully for their kindness. Also, to the Hon. H. C. Henderson, for some of the legal points in the narration of the Marietta war; to A. J. Smith, Esq., of Timber Creek, for items connected with its history ; and to K. F. Cleaver, of Vienna, for the hst of her soldier dead. NETTIE SAXFORD. CONTENTS. Page MARSHALL COUNTY 9 Railroads 11 Stone and Timber 11 Pasturage 12 Manufactures 13 Common Schools, etc 14 Military Record 14 History of the County 18 Indian War 20 Le Grand Township 26 Women's Rights 29 Le Grand Institute 30 Present Prosperity i , 31 TniBER Creek Township 82 Marietta Toavnship ; 36 Marietta 40 Marietta Battle 49 The Onset 54 The Retreat 5G Removing the County Records 61 New Year's Reception 61 The Death Blow 62 Hon. D. L. Arnold 63 T. Abell, Esq 63 Iowa Township 65 Albion 66 A Brewing Tempest 68 Primitive Living 69 Yl CONTEXTS. Page Marshall To wxshi p 13 Henry Anson, Esq. 16 Marshallto wn 17 Dr. John Childs 18 Sylvanus Rice, Esq 19 Wells Rice, Esq 19 John A. Kelly, Esq 81 C. B. Straight 81 Distillery , 83 Amusements 83 Births and Deaths 86 A Double Wedding 86 Discomforts of Pioneer Life 81 Sabbath School 81 Singing Scliool 81 Blackberry Hunt 88 Tea Drinking 89 Fourth of July Celebration 89 Concert 90 Pioneer Mercliants 91 Click & Willigrod 93 David E. Parret 94 Mr. S. Lacy 95 Hon. H. C. Henderson 98 Hon. Gr. M. Woodbury 99 The Bell Society 102 ' ' Tambos " 104 Methodist Episcopal Church 105 Camp Meeting 107 A New School Presbyterian Church 108 Lutheran Church 109 Baptists 109 Disciples Church 110 Universalists 110 Mite Societies, etc 110 The Press 110 Horticultural Society 112 Aid Societies 112 Celebration of Opening; of Cedar Rapids and Missouri R.R. 113 Pilgrimage to the Jordan 115 CONTEXTS. Vii Page YiENXA TOWXSHTP . 117 Bangor Towxship 120 Bangor 120 Minerva Township 123 Clemens' Corners 125 Marion Township 125 Green Mountain 126 Fredonia 126 Greencastle Township 129 Eden Township 131 Edenville.. ., 132 Order of Good Templars 184 State Center Township 135 Terrible Tornado 136 Prosperity of the Township 137 Washington Township 138 Prairie Fires 139 Accidents on Linn Creek 140 Jefferson Township 142 Hunting Parties 144 Conservatism 145 Liberty Township 145 Storm in 1859 146 Marshall County — its Population, Wealth, etc 148 Marshalltown — Notices of her Business Men, etc 149 In the Courts 151 BUSINESS DIRECTORY 153—157 ADVERTISEMENTS 159—1 08 C. AV. Fracker, Insurance 159 Hill, Liddle & Pollock, Dry Goods, etc 100 Dr. George Whealan, Dry Goods, etc 160 C. W. Sherman, Marshall House 160 John Turner & Co., Hardware 161 Wm. C. Page, Washing Machine 161 Lee & Bromley, Dry Goods, etc 16? BiNFORD Bro's & Morgan, Agricultural Implements .... 162 Banbury & Caswell, Groceries, etc 162 viii CONTENTS. ADVERTISEMENTS — continwcl Page Marshall's Restaurant 162 Smith & Utz, Marble Works 108 G. M. Woodbury & Son, Woolen Mills 164 First National Bank of Mabshalltown 164 J. Lee Knight, Photographer 164 AVoodworth & Whitton, Dry Goods, etc 165 Harvey & Davis, Dry Goods, etc 165 Mrs N. M. Holt, Millinery 165 Dr. Wm. H. Marvin, Surgeon Dentist 165 W. S. Rice, General Merchandise 166 S. Lacey, Furniture 167 Abbott & Knisely, Hardware 168 ^^1 ^on w w ^>^^ m i- 'E*- -s-J-ii-r^i^^-; --'?;- -?#5¥.*T^ IOWA Much has been said and very much written upon the inducements that Iowa holds out to settlers, yet like the glory of the East to the Queen of sacred story, the half has not been told. The word " Iowa " in one Indian dialect means the " drowsy," and the beautiful stream bearing this name sleeps along the prairie's edge through Marshall county as if loth to leave its pleasant borders. There are wild apples and wild roses on its banks — you hear the drows}^ tapping of the partridge in the cottonwoods — the drone of beetles ; a little further on in a quiet bayou, there are white lilies bearing a resemblance to the ancient lotus, where wild bees are slumbering within their pearly folds ; these sights and sounds to a child of nature, be he poet or Pottawatomie, have a drowsy, sweet sig- nificance in the word Iowa. We write the history of • MARSHALL COUNTY, With a few statistics, to show what a wonderful progress has been made in little less than twenty years, in developing the resources and wealth of the coun- try. We give a very short geographical delineation of Marshall. It is situated near the forty-first 2 10 lOAVA. parallel of latitude, is almost exactly in the center of the State, twenty-four miles square, and contains 368,640 acres of magnificent land ■ — an almost un- broken garden through its limits. This county is divided into sixteen civil townships, Vienna, Bangor, Iowa, Libert}^, Minerva, Marion, Le Grand, Greencastle, Marshall, Timber Creek, Jefferson, Washington, Mari- etta, Eden, State Center, and one township not named. The products are wheat, corn, rye, oats, barley, broom-corn, sorghum, garden vegetables and wild fruit in great profusion. Vegetables grow to an enormous size ; they would scarcely be recognized if thrown among their poor relations of the Atlantic shore. There are good orchards in every township, and we will be able soon to depend upon home culture for fruit. There are nurseries scattered all through the county to supply farmers with young trees and cuttings, which ought to be patronized instead of getting dry and worthless sticks from the East. One farmer in this section paid twenty-five dollars for Eastern fruit trees, and received a single apple tree in the collection that wore a leaf. All the fruits that can be grown in this latitude, can be successfully cultivated in Iowa, except peaches, and even these can be grown by care- ful culture. There is a prejudice against our climate which is wholly unfounded, that it is too severe for fruit — often an excuse for idleness in the care of trees, etc. We have cold winters but plenty of snow, and the autumns are the very perfection of climate. The springs are a degree warmer than New York, Northern Penn- sylvania and Ohio. Flowers are ])eerless, both on the prairie and in the door-yards. Hon. D. L. Arnold received the diploma for the most tastefully arranged garden, by the Fair committee last season. There was a magnificent gladiolus that bloomed in Mrs. C. B. Straight's j^ard in Marshalltown, the past summer; pansies of the largest size and velvet}^ MARSHALL COUNTY. 11 richness, at Mrs. H. Wiley's ; and in every day beauty, glowed crimson grass pinks and larkspurs, in Mrs. Peet's yard. Nothing could surpass the Ijeautiful collection of green-house plants at Mr. C. C. Smith's ; and for evergreens, magnificent in proportion, we point to Mr. Woodbury's and Mr. Willigrod's grounds on Station street. Mrs. Bunce has a beautifully arranged flower plat also, and is very successful in the cul- ture of strawberries. A piece of ground five feet by ten, grew the enormous quantity of twenty-four quarts of this delicious fruit at different pickings. Mr. Barnhart has been equally fortunate in strawberry raising ; so that we can safely say that Iowa cannot be surpassed in this fruit, with proper culture, for in other parts of the town and county, nearly like results have been obtained. The forest is full of wild apples and plums, and honey is plentiful and cheap. RAILROADS. The Cedar Kapids and Missouri, sometimes called the Iowa Northwestern, is now finished to Omaha, connecting with the Union Pacific, giving railroad connection westward w^ith the North Platte and Den- ver, and eastward, by car, to Chicago, and onward to the sea-girt shore. We supply many of the little towns and stations along the line with provisions, especially butter, eggs, etc. Tliere is another road projected from Marshalltown to Eldora, which will be finished before many years. The Pacific Telegraph, whose lines glisten west to the Sierra Nevada, and north to the new land of Sitka, passes through Marshalltown from Chicago, thus giving us lightning prescience with the world. STONE AND TIMBER. Freestone for building purposes is found in Le Grand, Marion ; and at the corner of Timber Creek township, 12 IOWA. is found a dark red conglomerate, whicli is easily wrought, admirably adapted for foundations to build- ings, wells, etc. Brick is manufactured of an excel- lent character here, while dressed lumber can be obtained at our yards in unlimited amount and of the best quality, beside that from the native forests, making building a light matter to the settler. AVe have large groves of Cottonwood, oak, lime, hack- berry, wajnut, hickory, etc., which are ready for the ax, growing like Jack's bean-stalk, in the rich soil, if the prairie fires are kept at a respectful distance. Coal is brought from Boone and Eldora by car and wagons, although there is plenty of coal in the county as will be seen under the head of the different town- ships, but it is not so easily worked as at the above- mentioned places. PASTURAGE. The immense range of our plains is rapidly lessen- ing, but still there is enough for stock — great plenty. With the present efficient machinery, hay can be had for the cutting, in the lowlands, abundantly able to furnish feed for any amount of animals. The Marshall County Agricultural Society has given some very choice premiums for farm stock, so that in tliis section we have some fine horses. The fastest time made b}^ a native, Blackhawk Tom, given by his owner, H. Nash, was 2.49. And mules, too — fine specimens. Swine are raised by the thousands, mostly of an improved breed. President Chapin of the Agricultural Society has been very energetic in making the organization a power for good among the farmers, and there have been some creditable exhibitions at the Fair grounds east of Marshalltown. But the crowning profit of agri- cultural investment is in sheep. Our high and dry prairies, if the animals are protected from the cold winds, are extremely favorable to a healthy growth. MARSHALL COUNTY. 13 The wool commands a high price at the factory of Woodbury & Son, and Eastern buyers are ready here to keep this staple at a high figure. MANUFACTURES. There are thirteen grist and saw mills in different parts of the county, and others in process of erection. Some of these have powerful engines, doing an im- mense business in flour, and building-lumber. We have two carding machines, an iron foundry by Lockwood & Frederick, of Marshalltown, also a sash, blind and glove factory, and three broom factories, which have made in a year about twenty-two hun- dred dozen brooms, supplying other towns with these useful articles to a great extent. We will enu- merate four carriage shops, a large plow manufactory, a chandler shop, four butcher establishments, a fanning mill factory ; and Messrs. Shaw & Andrews are making a splendid article of window shades. We have not space to particularize, but in the notice of the different townships, and city directory, the stranger may read of our unwonted prosperity in this direction. But in the factory of Mr. G. M. Woodbury & Son, is the chef d^ceuvre of Marshalltown enterprise. It is situated near the depot, built of Le Grand free- stone, four stories, the main building eighty by fifty feet, and, with the machinery, cost about fifty thousand dollars. It runs ten looms, four hundred and fifty spindles, manufactures, daily, three hundred and fifty yards of cloth, and daily employs twenty-five persons. The building is heated throughout by the escape steam passing through pipes, and is lighted by gas generated in the building. It is a very extensive afiair for the Iowa valley, and reflects great credit upon Mr. Woodbury and Son for their public spirit and energy. J In the Iowa river north of Marshalltown, there is a 14 IOWA. water power of ten feet, already turning a grist mill, a large carding machine, saw mill, etc., and 3^et it is not half improved. AVe invite capitalists from the East to this point, and can safely insure a paying in- vestment upon stock. An oil mill would do well here if farmers should interest themselves in flaxseed. COMMON" SCHOOLS, ETC. No county in the State is better supplied with good schools and buildings than Marshall. There are eighty subdistricts and seventy school houses, and well furnished with the modern improvements for the benefit of the students. School buildings are under contract in different parts of the county this coming season, which will increase our educational advantages sufficiently to meet every want of the community. Our proximity to the Agricultural College of Story county will soon be of great benefit to our people, as well as to the State at large. Teachers are well paid from the mag- nificent school fund, and a healthy public sentiment sustains them in all efforts to maintain discipline, and inculcate lessons of morality and religion. MILITARY RECORD. Marshall County has a proud record in putting down the slaveholders' rebellion, having sent over eight hundred to the grand army of the Union. This, according to her population, was a good showing of her patriotic spirit. Gloriously, the brave boys from our midst carried the old flag on the bloody fields of Pittsburg Landing, Donelson, Inka, Milliken's Bend, Champion Hills, and many, many other places, where they won a renown equal to the heroes of Marathon and Thermopylae. But it is idle for an insignificant pen like ours to attempt to write an eulogy on Iowa MARSHALL COUNTY. 15 soldiers. We might as well attempt to describe the Alps, or do any other impossible thing. The brave deeds of Marshall soldiers are written in blood by the Fifth, Eighth, Eleventh, Thirteenth, and Twenty-third Regiments of Iowa Volunteers. Also, in the Second Iowa Cavalry, Fourth Battery, and too, in the Eighth Cavalry, and there were a few in the Fourth Cavalry. The prison life of some of these would fill a volume, that attests their heroic fortitude. And, first on the shining record, is Simon Woolston, of Edenville, who died in the filthy stockade of Andersonville, after eight weeks of horrible suffering from wounds, disease and starvation. He is wearing the martyr's crown with others from our regiment rolls, and may their memory be ever fragrant to a patriotic people. We must honor our returned soldiers more, cherish the memory of the lost in our heart of hearts, and build, just as soon as possible, some grand testimonial within our limits, in memory of those who gave their lives for the preservation of the Republic. Among our citizens whom we should honor, is Colonel Banbury, Colonel Shurtz, Captain Haskins, Captains Cleavers and Page, Lieutenants Hoffman, Beeson, and the glorious rank and file, who won the battles without straps or chevrons. If there are any we have omitted here, it is for want of space ; they are all good and brave ; rather than detract from the fame of an Iowa soldier, let our right arm be paralyzed, and " the shoulder be broken from the bone." In this connection, we will speak of the escape of Captain Pcige and Lieut. M. Hoffman from prison after thirteen months' captivity, nearly. They were taken with Sergeant Oviatt and eight men at Mission Ridge, November 25, 1863, and sent to Libby prison by way of the Southern railroads. When within a few miles of Augusta, Ga., Captain Page having made a saw from a table knife, managed to cut a hole 16 IOWA. through the bottom of the car, and drop out on the track. He eluded their pursuit five days, when he was recaptured by the bloodhounds, and was sent on with the rest to Libby prison, where he and Hoffman spent five months among the chivalry that dispensed mouldy corn-cob bread and mule meat, instead of their boasted hospitality. In the meantime Edward Bissell, one of the nine, died at Belle Island. The fate of another of the party, Alonzo Eogers, never was known ; very likely he was killed by the dogs in trying to make his escape. Three of the number were sent to Andersonville, where they died in the filthy stockade. As I look upward among the stars, I read the names of these soldier martyrs, John Miller, Charles Smith, and Andrew Heller. On the 7th of May following, the party from Libby prison were transferred to Macon, Ga. ; after spending a part of the summer in that Southern resort, they were sent to Charleston, S. C, for the humane purpose of being placed under fire for the protection of the city. But Union bullets and shells had another mission, and fortunately they escaped unhurt as the shells still screamed on over the dismantled churches, etc. Many of the prisoners dying of the yellow fever, the Marshall boys, with others, were ordered on board a train bound lor Columbia, S. C. Captains Page and Hoffman again attempted an escape, but were retaken on the fourth day and placed in durance vile. While the train was moving quite slow in passing a crossing, they slipped slyly down from the open cars and crawled under the bridge till the train was out of sight, when they made for a cornfield, on the double quick. But in spite of all their precaution and inge- nuity, they were brought back again under the rebel flag. At last, in being paroled to get wood and pine brush for bedding, they made their final escape, and after thirty-five days of patient, weary travel, they reached MARSHALL COUNTY. 17 our lines at Sweet Water, forty miles from Knoxville, Tenn. They were ragged, and their feet were sore and blistered ; hungry and emaciated, they were glad to see their comrades, and the old starry banner float ing over the little station. They had no guide but the North Star and the faithful blacks, who divided food with them. Page used to sing the battle hymns of the Republic to these lowly men and women of the South, then partake of their humble food with merry laughter, having Hoffman and a certain Major for vis a vis companions. Riley Westcott, now living in Wisconsin, and Charles Eagen, were left at Belle Island, but were regularly exchanged afterward. While Captain Page was at Charleston, he sent a letter to his wife enclosed in a button of a surgeon's coat sewed on in the proper place. It gave great comfort to his anxious family although it was only four by five inches square. Colonel Shurtz, once a private in the Mexican war, was taken prisoner at Nooney, Ga., and making his escape twice, was finally taken to Columbia, S. C. He was severely wounded in the hands, crippling him for life, yet managed to subsist on the miserable fare, when he was exchanged after five months' captivity. Let us not forget the sufferings of these men, and when we can show our gratitude in society, in conven- tions, on all public occasions, let such as these take the " upper seats in the synagogue." There was another noble, patriotic, young man who went from our midst, Martin Y. B. Drum, who died after twelve months' service, at Camp Big Springs, Miss. He was buried on a bright Fourth of July morning, the thunders of the garrison pealing out that there were still brawny arms to defend the nation he had given his young life to save. He was the soul of the camp and sadly missed by his companions as they laid him down to rest under the sods of the Southern vale. In coelo quies. 18 IOWA. Perhaps there was no soldier from this county who gained promotion under prouder circumstances than Clarington Pojnes. He entered Captain Page's company, a very uaprepossessing private, but rose to the position of Captain after three years' service and re-enlistment in the Iowa Third Cavalry. He re- ceived his commission on the day of his death, being shot in leading his company at the taking of Nash- ville bridge. He had already struck down two rebels with his trusty sword. HISTORY. Prior to the settlement of this county by the whites, it was inhabited by the Sac and Fox tribes of Indians, remnants of the once powerful nation presided over by the far-famed Black Hawk. A portion of these Indians roving westward have returned, and now live in this and Tama county by permission of the legisla- ture, but are nearly all incapable of civilization. They call themselves Musquaquas. In the winter of 1847, a body of Mormons in their flight from Nauvoo to Salt Lake, camped and stayed through the winter in the forest north of where Marshalltown now stands. Famine and disease attacked them and many perished, although they peeled the red elm bark for bread. In the spring following, they folded their tents and planted their church standards beyond tlie Big Muddy. A few stragglers remained and built cabins at Council Bluffs. The first permanent white settler in the county was Joseph Davison, who came to Li3 Grand township in 18dt7, and very soon after, his brother, William Davi- son, came and built a cabin in that vicinity. But the first settlement of any size was made in Timber Creek on the south side of the grove, in ISiS. The pioneers of the movement were Joseph Ferguson and Josiah Cooper. After this, a few settlers came into Iowa MAESHALL COUNTY. 19 townsliips, Bangor, Marietta, and Marshall. The county was organized in 18i9, J. M. Ferguson acting as sheriff, and J. Hobbs was appointed judge. In July of 1851, the first court was held in a little log building in the edge of the forest near where Colonel Shurtz lives, the grand jury meeting in the bushes just across the slough. No iDill of indictment was found, and these representatives of justice were in session only about ten minutes. How the merry squirrels and gophers must have laughed in their sleeves at the solemn faces of the iurors with nothino: JO to do. The First District Court washeld, with Judge McKay from Des Moines, on the bench. Several lawyers of great renown, afterwards, were there. Lieutenant- Governor Eastman, in those days called "Uncle Enoch," was quite prominent in cutting hay for the horses owned by this august body, as well as expound- ing law and equity. Seevers, of Oskaloosa, laughed at him somewhat, telling him, with a curious leer in his eye, that he made better winrows than speeches. Cassidy, of Polk, who now ranks high in the profes- sion, was also in attendance, and a young lawyer who never gained much distinction, by the name of Young. As the family of Mr. William Ealls lived in the cabin there was not much room for forensic display. Mrs. Ealls cooked their meals out of doors by a chunk fire, and when night came Attorneys Eastman and Seevers were obliged to sleep in the loft, climbing up a pole ladder. Their dignity was somewhat taken down as they slowly swung themselves over the heads of the family. As Eastman went up, looking down at the cradle (rather a primitive one, made of oak shakes), " Well," said the witty lawyer, " that looks like the running gear of a whippoor will's nest." Zeno Freeman was treasurer. John Amos, Green- bury Ralls, and William Ballard, were county commis- 20 IOWA. si oners, which answered to the wants of the county in the same manner that our board of supervisors do to-day. A Mr. Walker was school fund commis- sioner sometime after ; and Jacob Hauser was county clerk. At this term of the court there were two cases on the docket, Higgins v. Smith, of Hardin county, and the divorce suit of William Davison and his wife, who were made twain, instead of one flesh. Mrs. Davison remarked, as her husband rode up on horseback, " La ! " said she, " Old Billy thinks he 's goin' to git a divorce, anyhow. See how straight he sets up." Sometime during the summer of this year, the commissioners appointed by the legislature to locate the county seat for Marshall, passed over some very eligible locations so it was said, but finally settled on Marietta, a good deal influenced by the judgment of William Dishon, a settler in that region. In the history of the county, we must not omit that this was the year for the highest water known since its settlement. The Iowa river was three miles wide, and creeks came rushing down in mighty torrents carrying off the few bridges, so that it was almost im- possible to travel far in any direction without " dug outs." Previous to this year, in 1850, we hear of the great INDIAN WAR. Through the month of May there had been some little trouble with Samuel Davison, a son of Mr. William Davison, and the Musquaquas. They being in close proximity, and the red men jealous of the encroachments of the whites upon their hunting grounds, a very respectable quarrel could be got up without much efibrt. The Indians grew saucy and threatening, and going one day to Mr. John Campbell's claim, killed some MAKSHALL COUNTY. 21 of his hogs, drove off a few stock, and pointed their guns at him in a very wicked manner. They had war dances, and were on the war path every day, armed and painted for a fight if there had been any more provocation. Twenty-four armed braves called at Mrs. Kalis' cabin one day, but seeing them coming she retreated to the bushes. A little nephew of hers took up an old hammer on his march and bravely made the declaration, that he could knock down "one big Ingin." But there was no harm done this time. There is no doubt but that Davison burned corn belonging to the Indians, intending to exasperate them and have "a little brush," when the U. S. troops would expel the red men from Iowa. This was soon after the Mexican war, and the Indians were hardly settled into the belief that the Great Father at Washington was all powerful. The settlers on the south side of Iowa river united in a petition to Major Wood, of Fort Dodge, for help, who answered by saying, he could spare no troops then, and that they must remove from the vicinity, or protect them- selves. Among those who petitioned, and afterward went into the fort, were W. C. Smith, John Campbell, A. J. Smith, John Braddy, William and Gr. S. Ralls, Mr. Crowder, James L. Logan, Thomas and James Pearson. Blakely Brush, Joseph Cooper, Joseph M. Ferguson, S. Myers, Carpenter Geer, Thomas Sher- man, William and Washington Asher, John Duck, Riley Majors, Thomas Sherman, Clifton, and Samuel Bowman. Some tried to hire the Indians to leave. No ! no, *' heapy sick down in Missouri, all die — no go — lay bones in Iowa — heapy good ! " Hearing that there were at least 1,500 warriors getting ready for battle, these settlers we have men- tioned, with their families, rendezvoused not far from 22 IOWA. a Mr. Eobinson, witli their stock, a few pigs and chickens, leaving the growing corn and gardens to the tender mercies of the Musquaquas. There was no attempt to raise wheat. On arriving at Mr. Kobin son's, they dispatched John Braddy and Mr. Greenbury Ealls after arms and am- munition ; they commenced a stockade fort on Burke's Hill, where the remains are not to be seen at present. It was begun on the 11th of June, 1850, was occupied as soon as finished, and called Fort Eobinson. In this, twenty-four families took refuge, leaving their crops, and made preparations for spending the summer in a close stockade, instead of going to Newport or the White Mountains. The stockade was ninety feet square, built of pun- cheons, driven like piles into the ground, so that it made the fort walls about ten feet high. They brought in their furniture, bedding and provisions, but kept the cattle upon the outside. An occasional dog crept in; they heard the birds sing in the grove near by, and with over thirty children, there was no lack of music, even if the young calves fastened to the stockade were silent. The ladies patched their husbands' coats, and talked over the probabilities of an engagement with the redskins to keep from ennui. Their tents were made of wagon covers and old quilts ; they had a few " chunk fires " in common ; each fam- ily had their own table, with all they could get to eat upon it, so that after all there was plenty to do. Some of the meat was kept at Mr. Eobinson 's smoke house, also the milk and butter. William 0. Smith (afterwards Judge) and John Campbell, generally went down to the Indians' camp every day, as a sort of outside guard and detectives. On the fifth day of the seige, they went again to the Wichyu'ps and found them with large camp fires burning, and six kettles placed in a row, partly filled with water. Six good riiy ni ,g by tl sized dogs were hung by the neck with strong twine, MARSHALL COUNTY. 23 while the warriors danced around them for two hours, brandishing war clubs and looking war to the knife. After the perspiration had washed their faces of the paint, and they seemed pretty well exhausted, the squaws threw in the dogs into the kettles, where a sort of stew was made in the style of Macbeth's witches, with the exception it was all dog. After a little time this was dished out by the beldames, and given to the panting warriors, a little sugar being sprinkled on the savory morsel to make it more pala- table. There were about fifteen hundred braves assembled, and it looked dark for the little handful in the fort. The next day these gentlemen went again, and on the trail met four different parties of Indians well armed, who stopped them with their guns, and interrogated them as to the number of men in the fort. They answered, " big heap white men," and passed on, spend- ing the night at Wm. Davison's. The seventh day the Indians came back a^s^ain, and asked Captain James Logan, the commander of the fort, "how many guns ? " He of course exaggerated the number of men and arms, and talked of a " big chief and Sioux," as Mr. Smith had done, when again they went away, sullen and still. A very few days after this, Wm. Davison, thinking it would be a nice thing to test the courage of the garrison and commander, laid a plan for a sham attack. Letting the guard for the night (William Asher, who had a tremendous shot gun that had done some good execution among the wolves. Jack Braildy and Carpenter Geer,) into the secret, he went upon the hill where the cattle were lying down, when he raised a stampede. There was a hurrying of many feet ; the cow -bells jingled at an awful rate, as if there were many warriors in the distance ; reports of guns were heard, and the little company were soon fully aroused, and trjdng to meet the dreadful emergency. 24 IOWA. Mrs. Logan sent to her husband, " keep your guns clean and your powder dry," as cool as if it were a shooting match for a Christmas turkey. Of course every light was extinguished ; the Captain said, in hushed whispers, " Keep still and keep in your beds, women." Some of the little ones had quick ears, and it was very difficult to control their movements, but on the whole, they behaved well. There was of course a terrible excitement ; the men grasped their guns, and some of the ladies commenced praying without pref- ace, and others shouted, " Lord, save us." Poor old Mrs. Robinson, thinking she was not quite ready for the scalp knife, fell on her knees, repeating quite loud enough for a Musquaqua to hear had he listened, " Oh ! Lord, I have tried to live in thy service through life, but I find I 've not enough religion to die by. Give me more, Lord, please ! " Logan acted very well, and most of the men, but no Indians appeared over the walls, and finally about daylight, after finding no moccasin print, the garrison concluded they had been sold. Nothing could equal their chagrin and indignation, and had it not been that white men were scarce, somebody would have got a severe punishment. One lady was enctente, the fright producing a dan- gerous illness, and no physician within fifty miles ; matters looked dismal for the jokers who set the project on foot. But the lady recovered, and after quarreling some over the matter, it was concluded that the Indians did not mean trouble longer, so many of the families made preparations to leave. After about two weeks of suspense, they went back to their homes. Major Williams, of the IT. S. Dra- goons, finally received orders to remove the Musqua- quas, and upon the appearance of a battalion of troops, the forest braves dropped their defiant man- ner, and peaceably withdrew, leaving the beautiful Iowa valley in this region to the plow and ax of the MARSHALL COUNTY. 25 pioneer. Jolmny Green and his few followers are the only representatives of this fighting stock. Johnny has the rheumatism, and boiled dog, be it ever so savory, can never give fire to his blood again, or strength to his palsied arm. It is said by some after Logan told the Musquaquas that they were in the garrison for fear of the Sioux, they behaved more courteously, and showed the settlers how to make loop holes in the stockade for their guns. The Musquaquas certainly had more reason to fear their unforgiving enemies, the Sioux, than the peaceable whites, so that when Major Williams offered to make them presents, it was easy to make a negotia- tion, they believing that possibly there might be a coalition between the whites and Sioux. There was another Indian scare in the neighborhood over the river in 1854, but it amounted to nothing. About this time commenced the county seat war, which we have delineated under the head of Marshall- town and Marietta. Kext came the events connected with the Southern rebellion, which we have not space to particularize ; and in 1862 the whisky troubles arose, when a mob seized whisky that was in the hands of the sheriff, and emptied it on the ground. As the vile stuff was stored at Mr. Harvey Beckwith's, in Marshalltown, and his wife sick at the time, the excitement caused her a great deal of unnecessary suffering. Mr. Beck with, being a law and order man, was bound to protect the property in the absence of the sheriff, and the persons connected with the affair should have waited and acted with more care and discrimination, although if ever there is justification for a mob, it is in spilling the accursed stuff wherever found, and as soon as possible. In looking over the different townships the reader will learn of the partic- ulars connected with the history of Marshall county further. 2l> IOWA. LE GEAND Township is the pioneer settlement of the county, Mr. Joseph Davison having come in 1847, and settled npon one of the hills east of the Iowa river, in a beautiful grove, which still bears his name. Here he lived in a little cabin with the Indians, without a white neighbor for fifty miles. His brother came a little later, Mr. William Davison, and in a short tim^e they both had good farms and supplied new comers witii the necessaries of life, before there were a half dozen families in Marshall to till the soil. This township has grove and open prairie and the Yerj best stone for building purposes and other uses, in the State. Davison being well aware of its advantages, alternately threatened and coaxed the Indians, until there were enough whites in the country to stand np in bold front and drive them from their hunting grounds. The Davisons were kind neighbors, but they re- moved to Oregon a few years ago "to find elbow room." Jostled there by brawny arms, they will probably turn up in Sitka with a pole bedstead and a wooden spoon, until civilization shall send them under the lee of the north pole. Mr. S. N. Knode came to Le Grand in February of 1852, and finding a hut that had been used by a passing hunter, without door or chimney, or even a floor, moved his family soon after into this abode and began life in Iowa. For a few weeks, the smoke found its way out from the fire-place through the logs, (no " chinkin " to impede its progress,) and other families coming in, there were in this little cabin of sixteen feet square, thirty-six persons, counting the children, who found a home. The Allmans, Yoorhees, and Webbs, lived with them till they could prepare a home for themselves. MARSHALL COUNTY, 27 And to add to this large family, travelers had to be entertained, and one night, four more were added to the original thirty-six, making it a matter of serious moment where to sandwich the crowd, so that each could have a puncheon for a bed. The " Judge " as he is familiarly called, once owned an immense tract of land, but through a relative, became involved, and was obliged to sell at a great sacrifice. As he is reported to be an heir to the famous Knode estate in Holland, we have no doubt that testy old Dame Fortune has a card yet in store for him. Messrs. Jehu and James Allman came here in the same spring, and had cabins built on the site of Le Grand village in the north part of town. They have been prominent men here, and done all they could to make this a business point. Mr. James Allman and M. Webb were the first to lay out Le Grand village in 1852. Mr. Sanders of Iowa City, was called to survey out Lafayette, and on his homeward journey did a like service for the aforesaid, which occupies a very pleasant location south of the Iowa river. Had the Cedar Rapids Railroad Company done itself and the village justice, Le Grand would have been a for- midable rival to pretentious towns on the line ; but Blair's cupidity in attempting to plant a town two miles from nowhere, did not succeed, and a solitary hotel with a rickety old station-house which is a dis- grace to any corporation, is all that remains of Blair's embryo city. The Railroad Company must have been to much more expense in going around so far, that Le Grand might be left out in the cold ; and what is more aggravating, the citizens had petted them in every possible manner, entertaining their offieers and agents to the best in the town, and then gave them $12,000 in subscriptions, which was coolly pocketed without a thankee, and the smoke of their locomotives wreathes around the hills two miles distant, when they could have had the depot within forty rods, with less cost. 28 IOWA. and helped build up the town of their benefactors. It is said that prominent citizens of Marshalltown helped the nefarious scheme of John A. Blair, so as to kill off Le Grand, in revenge against those who voted for Marietta through the war. Mr. James All- man had the opinion that Le Grand would finally get a slice of Tama county and another from Grundy and Marshall, and become a county seat. Marietta being the farthest away, was less dangerous than Marshall- town, so he was quite inimical at times, against the latter place ; but finally "Cobtown," as her enemies called her, gave a decision in favor of Marshalltown, and was loyal thereafter, with the exception of thirteen voters. Among the early settlers we have already mentioned, was Mr. Eobert Yoorhees, who is still a citizen and an excellent man ; also, Mr. Rollin Richards came about the same time ; Mr. Ami Willets came a little later — is a Friend, and lives on the Davison farm. He is quite wealthy, and is well known for his charities, that are so characteristic of the beautiful religion of George Fox. Mr. Israel Willets is also an early set- tler, and living on a highly cultivated farm ; is wealthy, and much respected. Mr. Hiram Hammond came in 1854, and has been connected with mills, in the stock and grain business, has a large dry goods store, and is one of those pleasant, quiet men, who would make friends anywhere. In 1853 there was a county election held at Griffith's mill in this township, where W. C. Smith was whig competitor against Griffith, democratic, for the office of county judge. There were twenty-two voters, and the result was in favor of Smith, although Griffith was so sure of election that he built a cabin at Marietta, with the expectation of occupying it. This was the first whig victory of the county. Mr. James Allman was the first postmaster, and in getting his commission, found this ambitious Mr. Griffith in the lists against him. MARSHALL COUNTY. 29 But Mr. A. was indorsed in Iowa City by democratic patronage, and he was appointed to the office. Mr. Griffith was so chagrined at this result and that of the other contest, that he sold out and left the country. Previous to this, there was no postoffice short of Ma- rengo, forty-live miles distant. Chesley Coppic, a distant relative of Coppic, the co- laborer of John Brown, was the first justice, and Dr. Young, since deceased, practicing physician. Riley McCool came here in 1856, and had quite a large stock of dry goods, but there came an unlucky fire and burned store and contents to the ground. Mr. McCool has been engaged since in the stock business, buying cattle for the Chicago markets, and handles a large amount of money; also, Hammond Brothers ship stock in large quantities to the same yards. RIGHTS. In the summer of 1856, a saloon was opened by some vile wretch, and after vending his wicked wares for a time, the ladies concluded to try force, to stop it, as pleasant words had been exhausted. A party of nine ladies entered the doggery and while some were en- gaged in knocking in the barrels with axes, etc., Mrs. Jack Wheitzell threw out brandy bottles, tumblers, etc., then taking the keeper by the nape of the neck sent him kiting out of the door after them. The whole concern was demolished, and it was the last one of the kind that ever lifted its braeen front in the village. Mrs. Hiram Hammond reports that she " made very awkward work in handling the ax on the barrel heads." They were all arrested, and taking venue, they were brought before Justice Yeamans of Marshalltown, who had them in court three days, but through some flaw in the indictment, they were released. The next day, Samuel Hoffman, the bachelor consta- ble, might be seen on the search for the immortal nine, 80 IOWA. to bring them to justice yet again. Some had gone to Tama on a visit, others were out of sight, in the cellar and in the stables, and it is said, Hoffman swore it was the hardest day's work he ever did, trying to capture the girls. Finally, it fell through by default, and the women were victorious, upheld too, b}^ an overwhelming public sentiment. They have a Good Templars' lodge of one hundred members. The Friends have a pretty brick church, seventy by sixty feet, with two hundred names on its records, that subscribe to their self-denying principles. They were forward in assisting the freedmen, and give many beautiful examples of christian benevolence. They have several lady preachers among them ; we might mention Mrs. Julia McCool, a lady of many pleasant social qualities, as well as gifts of pulpit teaching. Mrs. Jonathan Keed, the President of the Soldiers Aid Society, who wrought many months unweariedly, is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and will receive further notice under the head of Green- castle. Mr. Ed. Lockwood, now of Marshaltown, and sheriff of the county in 1859, after a very spirited contest, once lived here. He and his worthy lady are too well known for us to add anything to their beautiful life record. A very excellent citizen of Le Grand is Mr. S. Good- rich, the owner of the magnificent stone quarry, which, for building ^^urposes, cannot be equaled in the State. LE GRAND INSTITUTE, That had the late much lamented Professor James Guthrie, from Antioch College, Ohio, as its presiding officer, is an honor to the village and county — has a fine brick structure forty by sixty feet, w^hicti will cost when finished, $10,000. Has a senior class of thirty- MARSHALL COUNTY. 81 five, and will in time become of great benefit to Iowa. Le Grand has certainly made a good beginning, for, as far as it is finished, the building and furniture is of the most substantial character. It is under the immediate care of the Christians or New Lights, who are a peculiar people, having some singular ceremonies, yet, no doubt, do a great deal of good in the village. Any sect that helps to elevate humanity and lead man back to his Maker, should be encouraged. The}^ have a membership of, perhaps, one hundred and fifty, and exercise a great influence in this community. There is also a little Methodist Episcopal church under the pastoral care of Eevs. Ward and Hayman, that is increasing in numbers and influence. They talk of building a chapel this season, which consum- mation is most devoutly to be wished, as it will accommodate both church and sabbath school. PRESENT PROSPERITY. Le Grand contains about four hundred inhabitants, has splendid mills which we hear of in every direction, Kock Valley mills and Le Grand ; also three dry goods stores, Jehu Allman& Co., Hammond Bros., and John Mote & Co. It has, too, one hardware store, two drug, and one boot and shoe store, furniture shops, two hotels, two millinery shops, one grocery, and one large harness shop. The stores all do a good busi- ness ; Hammond & Brothers buying stock and grain to a large extent, and have the express agency also. Mr. J. W. Allman is postmaster, and in Dr. Whipple and Dr. Smith, the inhabitants have every confidence. There are several clergymen, and a Mrs. Samuel Coates, wife of a wealthy, prominent citizen, is also a powerful preacher of the Christian denomination. If the Kailroad Company will come to their senses, and build a depot at the McCool crossing, we shall 32 IOWA. bespeak a promising future for this sprightly, enter- prising town. TIMBER CREEK, The next township by order of settlement, was named after the beautiful stream of water that courses through its whole domain, bestowing the immense advantages of never-failing water, forest, and a beauty of landscape rivaling the parks of old England — such lofty trees are here, as if set out by the hand of some cunning gardener. There are signs of coal along its bluffs, of great benefit to the county, if capital would but seek out the hidden treasures. Mr. J. M. Ferguson and Josiah Cooper settled on the south side of the grove in 184:8. Mr. Ferguson lived here a good many years, became quite wealthy, and removed to Albion. Mr. F. had the usual cabin, built without nails, stick chimney and dirt floor, for a time, as there were no settlements this side of Oska- loosa or Iowa City, and but three or four families on the route. His brother, George Ferguson, lived here some time, then removed to Le Grrand, where he owned one of the best farms in the State. His horses have been justly admired at our County Fairs, and he lately sold a premium stallion to Mr. Jerolman, of Eden, for nine hundred dollars. Mr. Ferguson has recently sold his farm to Judge Van Shaack, of New York, and lives near Marshalltown. Mr. William Asher lived here awhile, and built, in the corner of Le Grand township, the first grist mill in the county. It was a very rude affair and only cracked kernels of corn a little, and did not attempt flour. But this was much better than to crack it be- tween two stones about the size of a half bushel, then be obliged to eat the grit and dirt which necessarily came with the attrition process of the rude machine. MARSHALL COUNTY. 33 Mr. Asher was a very good man, but soon after this he froze his left foot, and amputation being necessary, he could not survive the shock and died in the operation. Carpenter Geer, another of the garrison at Fort Robinson, built the first saw mill in the county, and these enterprises fell into the hands of Mr. Griffith, who kept them operating for a time, but after turning his attention to politics, sold out to Mr. Brinnock and all went into the hands of Tsaacher Scholfield, afterwards the best mills in the State. John dampbell came to the northwestern part of the township in 1849, a young man from Linn county, and having pleasant memories of the place, gave the name also to Linn Creek. He had a good farm, ready to supply with provisions the citizens of Marshall- town, ere Anson had it scarcely christened. W. C. Smith, and his brother, Jackson Smith, came in March, ISttS. Mr. W. C. Smith was acting county clerk in early times, was j udge four years, and has been a teacher, of an excellent character, in Timber Creek. He has ecclesiastical license to preach m the Christian church, and fills the pulpit with great ability, we are told. As his history is identified with the county, we shall speak further of Judge Smith on another page. Mr. Jackson Smith has a splendid farm in this town- ship — was the first justice in the county, and married the first couple that ever placed their necks in the yoke matrimonial, within its limits. The names of the happy pair were Mr. Almerian Geer, son of Gar- ])enter Geer, and Miss BaHard, daughter of Philip Ballard, of Iowa township. This was in the spring of 1850, and Mr. Smith reports that it was one of the pleasantest times in the whole cycle of pioneer hilarity. They had a good sapper, danced, and joked the girls, tucked the bride into her snowy bed-drapery, and laughed at her discomfiture. 4 84 IOWA. Mr. Greenbury S. Balls, brother of "William Ealls, lived in Marshall near the edge of Timber Creek township. He bore severe privations bravely, and early filled many of the minor offices of this section with trust, and is in every way a kind neighbor and citizen. He now lives in Iowa township. Another one of the rank and file of Logan's men (who, by the way, was himself a Timber Creek citizen, and since deceased), was Mr. Eiley Majors, who lives very near the corner of Jefferson, having entered his claim of over two hundred acres. We believe he owned some lots in New Jefferson, a town that once was staked off on Jackson Smith's farm. There were several cabins built, and its lots were talked of once among land agents and real estate brokers in Marshall county. Mr. Henry Burke who lives on the old Eobinson claim, near the remains (if any) of the stockade fort, came here in 1853 from Southern Illinois. He raised a large family of sons and daughters ; his wife died some years since, very much sorrowed after by the relatives and neighbors. One of his daughters mar- ried Solomon Miller, Esq., of Marshalltown, who left a splendid army record, and is 'now one of the most prominent citizens of the city. He has literary talent, and would fill an important position in county affairs, if our people will remember the soldiers in future. Mr. Burke has one of the best cultivated farms in the county, over two hundred acres of growing crops, with a lovely fruit and waluut orchard back of his farm-house ; sheep, cattle, etc. ; and Mr. B. came here comparatively poor. He is brother-in-law to Mr. Powers, and also to Mr. Turner, once a citizen of this section, now in Missouri. Mr. Crowderand Mr. Meyers, now of Iowa township, w^ere neighbors on Timber creek, and the old settlers used to meet every week, and had parties, where all MARSHALL COUNTY. 35 came, and eat pounded or cracked corn, with many a joke as to the power of each other's teeth in crushing the substitute for bread. At one time, Mr. Greer went to Jack Braddy's, a near neighbor, who lived seven or eight miles away, which was a mere hagatelle as to distance. Being a widower, he wished to pay his addresses to a young lady there. Taking Jack by the ear, he whispers very softly, "Do you think she will setf^^ meaning, that if she would set with him it was equivalent to an affirmative answer to his suit. They had a quilting at Mr. Eobinson's, the gen- tlemen being invited with the ladies ; the dinner- pot with its savory ham was boiled out of doors over a chunk hre ; guests, excepting the quilters, sat on the wood-pile and rude seats outside, so as to make room for those who wrought by the long ungainly frames. Corn-bread, good coffee, wild fruit, with the delicious ham, was the cuisine on the occasion. After supper came the height of enjoyment, to shake the quilt over the prettiest girl ; who blushed scarlet, and is now a happy wife, and mother of seven boys. The Sherwoods came in 1856, and have good farms, also Mr. Asahel Stone, near Washington, whose splendid dairy is so identified with his name that he is familiarly termed the " cheese man." He brought considerable capital from the East, and buying a large number of cows, started the enterprise of supplying Duchess County butter and cheese for Marshall. And it is quite equal to that noted brand in the Eastern market, and we commend others, who attempt to palm off their white oak imitations on the public, to visit his establishment and take lessons of the gen- tleman farmer, Asahel Stone. ^Ir. Forey, the father-iu-law of the genial Dr. Rickey, of Marshalltown, is also a citizen of Timber Creek. He has lived here eight years, was loyal and true, when others were very conservative and wore 36 IOWA. butternut emblems. His son, David Forey, served with bravery in the " old Thirteenth Iowa." Messrs. Owen, Blackburn, and Monahon, of Ken- tucky, came here quite recently, have good farms and also have made splendid improvements in the short time which they have been engaged in the work. Mrs. Monahan is a pleasant hostess and entertains the creme le creme of Marshalltown aristocracy with old fashioned Kentucky welcome. In the north edge of the township, lives Father Gourley, a member of the M. E. CImrch for many years, and a worthy disciple of Wesley he is, too. He came to Timber Creek in 185^, has a good farm under cultivation, and is able and wilhng to help all those in need. We close with a hasty mention of Mr. Hildebrand who was an early settler, Mr. Cooper, and Mr. Rogers, the energetic farmer living near the Marshall line, who has been here since 1857. He sent a brave boy to the Union Arni}^, who died there, without a comrade near him. This township is one of the best in the county, with good school houses, plenty of timber, mills, etc. MARIETTA Township is situated west of Marshall ; the Iowa river and the Little Minerva, with their tributaries, water its surface, and " the lay of the land " is very fine, especially in the southern part. In early times this township had the advantage of the county seat, had county roads centralizing at the village, and much of the western travel to the Plains passed through, giving a market to the surplus products of the soil. Common highways or turnpikes, used to be quite a help, but the towns in Iowa now build on the railroad lines, and the common roads crook around the fields to get to them. MARSHALL COUNTY. 87 Doctor Bush was the first settler in Marietta, near the corner of Iowa township on the Iowa river. This was in 1850. He practiced some, but hunted more, as there were only a half dozen families to take pills, and game was plenty. A Mr. Peterman was the next to swing an ax. He came the same year, and pounded corn for bread, drove off ravenous wolves from his door, and had quite a good supply of provisions to sell, after his farm was opened up to the new comers. He has re- moved from Marietta. Mr. William Dishon came from Oskaloosa in 1851, and soon after brought the first stock of goods into the county, settling near the river just north of the present town and commenced business, intending to lay out something of a village there, but others coming in, he was persuaded by Judge Hobbs to move into Marietta. He was the first village postmaster. Mah- lon Collins followed, with another stock of Yankee notions, and afterward was a prominent man in the county seat war as well as Mr. Dishon. There was a merchant by the name of Darlington who sold quite a large lot of goods on credit, whose daughter, Eudora, was the first white child born here. Quite a number of Hicksites and orthodox Quakers came into Marietta ; they were men of unflinching integrity and gave a high tone to public sentiment. Among these, was Doctor Hixon, who at least had some Quaker blood in his veins, and lived near the corner of Iowa township. He built the first mill on the Little Minerva. He will be remembered as repre- senting the county in the lower house of the Legisla- ture in 1S63-4. The doctor is a temperance man and has been in many a good work for the people's wel- fare. How bright the name of Lot Holmes shines on the Marietta record ! He was a native of Loudon county, 38 IOWA. Va., but becoming early convinced of the sin of slavery, would not vote or live in tlie Old Dominion. He was connected with the Underground Eailroad in Salem, Ohio, and has always been in the conflict, taking stand with Garrison and Phillips of the old Anti-Slavery Guard. He and his noble wife have been among the first to organize societies for the help of the soldiers and freedmen. They have spent, with others, a good deal of time and money to get fugitives through from Missouri to the North Star. We mention, that he bought a wig at one time, in Chicago, for a black boy's disguise, paying fifteen dollars for it. Associated with him in all the benevolent enterprises of the day, was Mr. Stacey Nichols, also a Fi-iend, and like Mr. Holmes uses the plain language. Mr. William Marsh, living on the hill south of Marietta, a father-in-law of Mr. Abram Stanley, of Albion, is also an early settler, and the same sweet charities characterize him as they do others of that noble church, the Friends. Also Mr. Lackey, whose " Pink " knew how to use a shot-gun in the Marietta war ; and Mr. John Amos, who suffered with a terrible cancer many years. He was one of the early county commissioners, and he is remembered, by Mr. Henry Green and others, to have said in the above-mentioned war, " Let me to the front ; I have but a few months to live with this cancer, and I'll sell my life as dearly as possible among the rascals." Doctor Whealex came to Marietta in October, 1853, being the first physician, with the exception of some inebriated quack, who left that season. The summer and fall were quite unhealthy, many were discouraged, but the appearance of a good physician was hailed with delight. Doctor Whealen practiced all through Marshall and even into the adjoining counties ; on horseback, over sloughs without bridges, perhaps take a canoe and cross the Iowa at night ; and in the cabins MARSHALL COUNTY. 39 of the poor emigrants, saw sights to make a sensitive man sick of the profession. The emigration was heavy that year, and the farmers in this section could not supply all who came, with provisions, and es- pecially milk and butter. The cows not being prop- erly cared for, it was impossible to obtain these necessaries. The doctor's fiimily had no milk or butter for months. Mrs. Whealen wrote to a friend in Ohio, that cows did not give milk in Iowa, for she had " tried all belonging to the neighbors and they were dry." The doctor made the most of their furniture^ three-legged stools, splint-bottomed chairs, a cradle made of a shoe box, and a dry goods box for a hea ufet What Iowa ho asekeeper of the early day knew not how to arrange this cupboard so as to get in all the dislies, with a corner for a bottle of hair oil and the fine tooth comb ! Mrs. Whealen managed to enter- tain twenty-two persons in her cabin for awhile, but at night the cradle, chairs, and table were set out of doors to be occupied by ghosts of departed Musqua- quas — covering the entire floor with beds, sometimes pinning overcoats and dresses together for a partition to shade the young girls' sweet faces. She, that ruled her spirit, was greater than one who takes a city, in such times. Mr. Delos Arnold taught the first school in the old court house, and his neighbors remember the epoch by his writing letters for the Eastern papers in the rookery. Alexander Crow kept the first hotel, dividing the honors of Boniface with A. L. Hall, now of Marshall- town, and a Mr. Shively. The Williams family came about this time, perhaps some later, with small means, but now, as a family, have as much influence and what is called " position," as any in the county. Four daughters and two sons — the mother may well be proud of their success in life. 40 IOWA. Doctor Waters, also, was well liked in Marietta, hav- ing a large and kicrative practice. Mr. James Geitzey started a cabinet shop, some years after, thus dis- placing the rustic furniture of the above-mentioned patentee, Dr. Whealen. He now lives in Marshall- town. W. C. Smith, also Mr. Woodward, and other officers, came here to live after the county seat was located. Through the township there were a few families scattered about, trying to live in their little cabins. A Mr. Braddock, east of the present village of Ma- rietta, who now has a beautiful house, was one of these. Also Mr. Coddington, Mr. Kimberly, and others. Mr. D. Moninger, a citizen here, pays the heaviest tax of any man in the county. The commissioners from the Iowa Legislature ap- pointed in 1850-1, traveled over Marshall in every direction to locate the county-seat, and after passing some very eligible points, selected MARIETTA, Which is situated nearly in the geographical center of the county, about one-half mile from the Iowa river, and six miles north-east from Marshalltown. The town site was surveyed by Messrs. Hobbsand Dawson, October 11, 1851, and the capital located there without demur, except from, Anson. Afterwards an addition was made to the corporation by Messrs. Boardman and Leaming. It is built on bottom land, with heavy timber north, and bluffs southward, and except in very wet weather, the town presents a pleasing appearance, and had it not been for some natural advantages of Marshalltown, and the obstinate pertinacity of some of its citizens. Marietta, like Marengo, might have been a county seat, and quite a city, after all. Its lots at one time brought a good figure, and many an owner MARSHALL COUNTY. 41 of its corners, deplored the " war," as a losing thing for investments, especially if he was speculating upon borrowed capital, as many did before the crash of 1857. The contest commenced about the year 1853 be- tween the rival towns, and every artifice and device was used on both sides to control votes, so as to gain the desired end. The most bitter hatred was engendered for a time, and the most insulting invectives were in- dulged in without measure. As a specimen of the ridicule used to control public sentiment, we quote from the files of the Iowa Central Journal, the organ for Marshalltown : " A Frenchman lately from Paris, is negotiating for the purchase of the public square in Marietta to raise frogs for that market ! " It may be, some believed the romance. On another occasion, a gentleman by the name of Crookham, an extensive property holder in Marietta, was down to Marshalltown on business ; it was arrang- ed by a few of the sharp ones of the latter place, to badger the poor man a little, so calling some stranger (to Crookham) among a group of themselves, with a great deal of horror and uplifted hands, they told him, in his hearing, that a man was actually drowned in the public square of Marietta only the week before ! Nothing could equal the representative's rage at such abominable falsehoods of his much-abused town, and he went home swearing about Marshalltown, where they told such awful whoppers. The organ for Marietta was known among the news- papers as The Marietta Express. It was published by T. High and A. J. Kenney. It had no reputed editor at first, althongh its leaders were supposed to have been written by Hon. H. E. J. Boardman. At this time in the history of our county, if report was true, he wielded a powerful pen against the claims of Marshalltown to public favor. The Express accused its citizens of bribery, fraud, and other evil things, 42 IOWA. and alludes to the Iowa Central as a " smut machine^'^ a " dried up pump," etc. These things called out a rejoinder from the aforesaid, and so the contest went on, till finally this newspaper war began to be very sensibly shown in public sentiment. Besides Marshalltown, Marietta had a rival in La- fayette, now called Albion, and in this triangular fight, the Marietta Express had to keep its eyes well open to watch all the corners. Albion conld not hope to have the county-seat, but by killing off" Marietta, she might build up her rival, and in course of time would get a sop for herself, of some public institution, the High School, or some seminary of learning. The Marietta Express fought bravely and well, but when the county seat was removed to Marshalltown, it was obliged to succumb, and died an honorable death. But we will go back to a period earlier than the Express, — when Mr. Woodward was treasurer of the county, and the business so light that he carried the blank receipts in his hat. Mr. Weatherly relates, that his tax receipt ran in this style : " This certifies that W. Weatherly has paid his taxes for the year of 1852," without saying anj^thing about the property, etc. We think it would puzzle Mr. Grerhart to carry on business in this feshion. After Judge Hobbs' term of ofiice had expired, there must necessarily be a new election. Mr. W. C. Smith failing to get his bonds in some manner, correct, after a successful canvass. Esquire Atwater, being prosecuting attorney, was de facio judge, and wishing to retain the judicial mantle, was opposed to Mr. Smith's holding the office, and ordered another elec- tion. The Marshalltown interest supported Mr. Thomas Griffith, and Marietta, to burlesque the whole affair, supported a Mrs. Durbin. The result was, on the official count, that the lady had five majority ! Le premier victorie! for woman's rights. She was MARSHALL COUNTY. 43 bought off with the present of a new dress, and Judge Smith appointed in her stead. To this last item we affix the date of 1853. Speaking of judges, reminds us of a little scene that occurred here while McFarland was on the bench. A 3'oung lawyer from Burlington by the name of Wood, was facetiously termed by the profession, " Old Timber." At this court he was in the midst of a fine rhetorical display in submitting his case to the jury, whsn the head of an immense donkey thrust itself through the window and interrupted the eloquent lawyer with an outrageous braying. McFarland cries out, " Hold up. Old Timber, this honorable court can- not entertain both of your opinions on this question at the same time ! " Nothing could equal the intense satisfaction of court, lawyers and audience, with the exception of Mr. Wood, who was terribly chagrined, and to crown all, lost his case. Another swing of memory's bells and we hear of the Grand Coop of the Oriental Order of Bachelors, who assembled sometimes in an office, occasionally in a kitchen. A Mr. McKye was Chief Mogul, Jeiferson Crookham, Thomas Mercer, Mr. Plug, Mr. Willow, and we have no doubt, Mr. D. L. Arnold, were members. It seemed they were a jolly set of fellows, but lacked success among the ladies through timidity. The affair was so ridiculous in a Western community, that the Marietta girls took pity on the whole caboose and married them, in due time. The HiMi Moa^ul was the first to succumb, and made a very good husband in spite of the bad discipline in the Coop. Marietta had a Literary Society whose wits weekly shone like stars, in the old court house. Many ques- tions were discussed, essays read, and all served to keep the little village from stagnation. One evening, an infidel sentiment was promulgated by a lady, but the pitiful atheist was soon consigned to disgrace. There were quite a number of these weak persons in 44 IOWA. the neigliborhood, but happily they have seen their folly, and there is now scarcely one to be found. About this time, in the winter of 1855-6, there was quite an excitement about the Fulton Air Line Eail- road that was to make Marietta a point on its route to the Missouri. The count^'^-seat war was still carried on, and notwithstanding the cloud that arose in the eastern horizon over Marsh alltown, not bigger than a man's hand, everything went merry as a marriage- bell. The town received quite an accession to its population in the year 1856, as did the State generalh^, and there was a good deal of business done in land agencies. One of the most successful lawyers at the time, was Hon. H. E. J. Boakdman, who was always ready to work for the interest of Marietta. Hon. D. L. Arnold was also practicing law, and in the real estate business. Everything was done to control the election that was to come off in April of this year, and upon the trial, it went in favor of Marietta. The citizens quietly took a nap over this, thinking this was a quietus, but their vigilant foe was stealing the hearts of the people b}^ many devices. One potent reason given against Marietta was, that the Fulton Railroad would never be built, and that Marietta might always remain in the swamp without an outlet, excepting the Iowa river ; but letters were published and all assur- ances made, that the railroad would be built. Beside presents that were freely distributed by Marshalltown to control votes, the Town Hall was finished and ready for the occupancy of the District Court — and no taxa- tion. This, in the hard times of 1857-8, had influence on the farmers of the count}^ Marshalltown had an accession of energy and capital as well as Marietta, and her pertinacious, prominent men were determined on making it the county seat. A solemn pledge was made, that as long as life lasted there should never MARSHALL COUNTY. 45 be any giving np of the contest, and that they would not tolerate a traitor in the midst of Marshalltown, or allow any one inimical to their interests to hold any office there. With these drawbacks, when Marietta came into the field at the spring election of 1858, victory perched upon the banners of her rival. When the reports came in, Wells Eice and a few others went up to Marietta to feel of her pulse. There was no excite- ment and they seemed to take it coolly. It soon be- came apparent that they, likewise, had written upon their escutcheon, nil desperandum. Knowing, that in a new community there always is some informalit}^, she was ready to throw out the votes of Marion, Le Grrand and Greencastle. Their returns were not dated, neither were they certified to by the proper officers ; so that legitimately she had a right to contest the election on the letter of the law, though she was well aware that the majority was now in favor of her antagonist. Judge Smith declared in favor of Mari- etta, or rather the board of county canvassers had so decided previous to his action. An alternative writ of mandamus was then issued by order of the District Court, Judge Thompson presiding, on the first day of the April term, commanding the county judge to take to his assistance two justices of the county, re-canvass the returns, including the three rejected townships, and declare the result accordingly, or show cause why he should not do so, on or before the third day of the term. The counsel for Marietta was the Hon. Enoch Eastman. Judge Smith filed exceptions, and refusing to an- swer or re-canvass, another writ was issued against him, peremptorily ordering him to re-canvass, but this he disobeyed, and appealed to the Supreme Court, where it was argued at the June term, 1858. In the following December term of the Supreme Court the case came up again. William Penn Clark, of Iowa 46 IOWA. City, counsel for Marslialltown, and Hon. C. C. Cole for Marietta, and the judgment of the District Court was affirmed. In the early jDart of Januarj^, 1859, the clerk of the Supreme Court issued a peremptory writ of mandamus ordering Judge Smith, with the other officers of the board of canvassers, to re-canvass. The justices, thinking of the money invested in Ma- rietta, thinking of their homes and ambitions, decided against counting in the rejected townships, but Judge Smith, under advice of shrewd council from Desmoines, declared in favor of them ; for the law plainly saj^s that there shall be no disfranchisement, except in cases of fraud. But the decision of a majority of the jurat was in favor of Marietta, and it was thus rendered. Meantime, under certain representations, a writ of in- junction was procured from Judge Thompson, restrain- ing the county judge from removing the records from Marietta, this. writ being held in reserve. These pro- ceedings so exasperated the people of Marshalltown, that they filed information against Judge Smith and Justices Turner and Wallahan for dereliction of duty, and they were brought down to Marshalltown for trial before Justice Yeaman. On a writ of habeas corpus being issued by the county clerk, J. L. Williams act- ing as judge, Messrs. Turner and Wallalian were re- leased, but Judge Smith was still held in durance vile. William T. Hepburn was prosecuting attorney in the case, H. C. Henderson, assistant counsel, and H. E. J. Boardman for the defense. Pending this trial there was a great deal of excite- ment at Marshalltown, and the last evening of the proceedings, in a speech made by Boardman, he inti- mated that Henderson had told an untruth. Of course this exasperated the counsel to fever heat ; he drew up to Boardman, cane in hand, demanding a retraction. There were a few Marietta men in the room, who rather huddled together about their champion. Some one at the door cried out, " Blow out the lights, Lynch MARSHALL COUNTY. 47 the Marietta rascals ! " Some of the candles disap- peared, but there were enough left to show Boardman in the tableaux, pale, yet cool as a cucumber, and waving his right hand with a tragic look that Forrest might wear in Coriolanus — " Gentlemen, you can im- pose upon Marietta and her rights now, but you will feel different when the cold steel of a hundred bay- onets is running through your hearts." This hifalu- tin and his coolness, seemed to have some effect, for Henderson left the room in a few minutes, and the crowd below stairs began to cry out for Judge Smith. Frightened, as perhaps hundreds of others might have been, already badgered by months of anxiety with the most ferocious of the Marietta men, (for this excitement had got beyond the control of all peaceable persons,) Judge Smith, as a Mason, demanded the pro- tection of the craft, in the persons of Mr. Woodbury and Dr. Glick. They escorted him through the crowd and he went first to Mr. Woodbury's, when he ex- pressed a wish to go to his father's. They accompanied liim there and left him with no person about the house but the family. In the course of the night, Mr. Bab- cock, the Methodist clergyman, went to Marietta for Mrs. Smith, taking Mr. Woodbury's carriage, but she refused to come, influenced by the Marietta ladies. At the house there, Mr. Babcock was made to fall ]n to a trap through a hole in the floor, Avith an oil- cloth cover carefully placed over it. But he came back to Marshal Itown about three o'clock in the morn- ing, and, calling on Judge Smith, reported matters un- successful in that direction. Mr. B. then advised Judge Smith to go home with him and take some rest, as he seemed so fatigued with watching, intimating there were persons in the yard. It is said that Marietta had men watching him to see that he did no mischief to her interests ; as well as Marshalftown had a guard at the bridge. It is impossible to know how many, if any, irresponsible persons were in the vicinity. Mr. 48 IOWA. Woodbury and Dr. Glick both say, that none was sent from headquarters. It is said by a responsible man, that when Judge Smith declared he would not issue a proclamation for a special election in favor of giving Albion the swamp lands without a petition from two-thirds of the voters, that he was surrounded by leading men from Marietta and told that he must do it, or he would be sorry, etc. Cowed down, the Judge burst into tears and said he would sell his house and lot for half price and leave Marietta. We only give facts, and do not say that Marietta had a man on the ground. He was no doubt consci- entious in all his acts, his enemies cannot say he re- ceived a bribe, but he was too easily intimidated. A copperhead on Timber Creek, once frightened him in a terrible manner with words. About seven o'clock, on the morning of the eleventh of January, 1859, Judge Smith is found in a chamber at Mr. Babcock's, with a sheet of paper before him with the county seal, or rather an impression, upon it, and several prominent men of Marshalltown as witnesses to a re-canvass of the vote upon the county seat, and an order for the removal of the records. Juds^e Smiih, astonished to find the county seal, issued an order, although J. L. Williams, acting as county judge, would have been the proper officer. Judge Smith after sign- ing this order, was released informally, we believe. It was reported that Mr. Woodbury obtained the im- pression in the following manner : Being at the court house in Marietta to convey a deed to some person, he asked the judge if he could have a sheet of paper. Upon its presentation, while the judge was busii}' en- gaged, he carelessly let the county seal fall upon the paper, then folding it up with others, it was ready for use when the proper time came, and was presented to Judge Smith. Another little piece oi finesse we notice, to show MARSHALL COUNTY. 49 the care that was used lest there should be an advantage gained by Marietta. When the returns were made out from Marshall township, the signing of the jurat was neglected by the proper officers, at the spring election of 1858. A few found this out, and with a secret pledge that it should not be divulged, they proceeded to rectify the mistake. Old Mr. Kice and Father Dunton started off in the night, and going to Judge Smith got the poll-book and brought it back to Mar- shalltown and made it correct, without the knowledge of another person in Marietta. This is no hap-hazard revelation, and could it have been found out by Marietta, a day or two later, it would have made Marshall as famous for mistakes as the rejected three townships from the east side. After Judge Smith had given the order to remove the records from Marietta, messengers were sent in every direction, to the friends of Marshalltown. For several nights the Town Hall in that place had been watched by zealous citizens for fear that some incendiary from the rival village might reduce tlie hard earned structure to ashes. The whole town was on the alert, and as the morning dawned cold and frosty, it ushered in the memorable day of the eleventh of January, 1859, and the MARIETTA BATTLE. Sheriff Harris ordered out the Bo wen Guards, a militia company whose prowess had extended over land and sea, as a posse comitatus^ to take, have, and to hold the capital of Marshall county. Their leader buckled on a sword that had never been wet in human gore, the men made hurried preparations for the attack, and every warlike weapon which could be found in the village was hunted up and scoured by the best of cotton rags and elbow grease, beside their own regular arms. 5 50 IOWA. Early in the morning, wagons came into town filled with armed men, orderiies were flying about carrying despatches, and everything denoted " war to the knife." Messrs, Boardman and Turner started out before the Guards were quite ready, and stopped at Mr. Joseph Allen's, but were delayed by their carriage breaking down — the tire coming off. But whipping up, they concluded to go on without any tire, and in danger of going into general bankruptcy of wheel and buggy, they rushed into Marietta to make preparations for defense. But we will glance backward to the irate town on Linn Creek. Sheriff L. L. Harris is making himself very con- spicuous in going through military exercises, and we will insert his order, for he denied ever giving any to Captain Shurtz, when he feared damages from Mari- etta people, as rumored. The order ran thus : Marshall, Jan. 11, 1859. Capt. E. Shurtz, Esq. : Sir — You are hereby commanded to summon your Company to be and appear before the Court House in Marietta, in Mai'shall county, Iowa, armed and equipped as by law required, forthwith — and by no means what- soever harm or molest any one w^ithout my orders. Hereof fail not, under the pains and penalties of the laws of the State of Iowa. You are further commanded to strictly forbid any loose talk or swearing, or even threats from any one of your Company. L. L. Harris, Sheriff Marshall County, Iowa. Herein lay the delegated powers of the Bowen Guards, et literatim. There was a large corps of observation ready early, consisting of young men and boys. There was Brig. Gen. Kelly, Anson, and Hambel, who assisted in getting things arranged ; Cliaplain Babcock was bustling about with liis white cravat, and making w^onderful MARSHALL COUNTY. 51 calculations as to the number of the wounded to be taken care of through the day. Judge Smith paced the upper chamber of the parson's house, fearful of the result as to taking the citadel by storm, after counsel- ing soft words ; while Ferguson, of Timber Creek, told stories of Indian wars among the Pottawatomies. Women had prepared breakfast with trembling hands, and partaken of it with tearful eyes and agonizing thoughts, fearing that ere set of sun, their loved ones might return mangled corpses or maimed for life. The excitement had spread all over the county, one orderly, Mr. C. Davis, having rode a great share of the night to rouse the Marshalltown army to immediate action. It is supposed there were eight or nine hundred men on the ground, either as combatants or spectators of the bloody fray. The Marietta army was commanded by L, L. Weath- erly, ex-sherifip, one of the best natured men in the world, and to see him now-a-days, one would not sus- pect him of belligerent propensities enough to kill a chicken. And so with the whole army, peaceable farmers and mechanics, all, but believing they were upholding the rights of the majority in the Marshall- town posse ; while the Marietta soldiers fancied they were defending their Court House from thieves and robbers. The Bow en Guards had sent by S. Curkhuff, to Fort Dodge and obtained arms, and being drilled, with Elliot Shurtz as captain, George Hampton as first lieu- tenant, and Wells Eice as second lieutenant, the whole company with their escort, cavalry and outriders, might be seen on the move about eight o'clock passing out of Main street, every door and window filled with sobbing women and children ; there being no commis- sary or baggage for officere, and no artillery, the mili- tary pageant soon disappeared beyant the Western hills. About ten o'clock, Mr. Gibson, another orderly, some 52 IOWA. say as a Marietta detective, returned upon a handsome charger riding at a furious rate, when a score of voices yelled out, " Has any one been killed ? " He shook his head mysteriously, and reported something to head- quarters, commanded by Major-Generals Woodbury and Henderson. After talking around town awhile, he mounted his horse and rode rapidly down the Marietta road to the scene of the engagement. We will now follow the Bowen Guards. They had no martial music ; some whistled to keep their courage up, others sang Yankee Doodle and told hunting yarns, while a few, like Pat. kept up a " divil of a thinkin'." In the meantime, Mr. Greener who had spent a little time at the Marshall House, found out there was a raid in progress, and sometime in the night mounted his pony and went on to Marietta to give the intelligence. Orderlies were sent in every direction, and every man capable of bearing arms in Liberty and Minerva townships was on hand sometime in the forenoon. A keg of powder was bought at some of the little stores up the Iowa river, by the contribution of many citizens of Marietta, and placed under the safe of the Court House, with a train and slow match ready to blow the raiders into atoms. Patterson, of Patterson's grove in Minerva, was high in com- mand, having been in the Mexican war, but ex-sheriff Weatherly was chief, and he gave orders that strict discipline should be kept through the attack. After locking the Court House, many stood on the steps awaiting the onset ; many of the windows were filled with armed men, and even on the roofs of some of the houses might be seen belligerents ready for the fight. The army of invasion had been preceded by a force of cavalry skirmishers that made their appearance about four o'clock in the morning, under the lead of Mr. William Bremner, we believe. Mrs. Boardman had a MARSHALL COUNTY. 53 gun on her shoulder, and one of the company, " Kim " Cleaver, getting defiant, she intimated that if he said any more she would shoot him. Other Marietta ladies were equally warlike, and the excitement deepened in intensity. J. Crookham, the bachelor lawyer, made his will before the justice, and then stood trembling near the Shively House, awaiting the attack. Mr. Dishon and Quincy Black were on hand, with pistols at home, to defend their firesides, for the threat had gone forth if the records were not given up, " the town would be reduced to ashes." Mr. Woodbury and Mr. Henderson had no idea of this, nor Mr Rice, Anson or Doctor Glick — their intention was to intimidate. But Scott and his gang of irresponsible men, taking advantage of this, were no doubt intending mischief And many too, allowed their feelings to get the better of their judg- ment, so that the result was, a desperate, murderous- looking set of men entered Marietta, determined on having the records, or burn, murder and destroy. Many of the young boys of the village had rifles, some had hatchets and axes, and we give the comic side also ; a man by the name of Daly, was seen armed with a sausage-stufifer squirting muddy water at the invaders. Harris came in first, with a few men as body guard, and presented his order very courteously to Mr. Weatherly, who refused, of course, to give up his trust. Wagon after wagon followed, filled with armed men, who dismounting walked around the streets looking fight, if nothing more. The Bowen Guards had halted near town till about twelve o'clock, and being hungry became anxious to fight or go home. Harris was to come back and tell them when to ad- vance, but he was cowardly and vascillating, so that no order ever came to Captain Shurtz to move forward. At last the Captain thought best to go on and see what was doing in tiie beleaguered city ; and the historic 5tt IOWA. page of war was made brighter by tbe advance of the Bowen Gruards to the Public Square. They were forty as brave men as ever carried muskets, in appear- ance. The women and children flouted and jeered at the poor Guards from the windows, some threw de- cayed eggs and vegetables, fragments of brick and stone ; and the contents of a huge wash-bowl fell upon the head of a devoted citizen of Albion, Hon. T. Brown, who was sandwiched among the soldiers. THE ONSET. Harris then commenced bustling about, and drawing up a number of wagons for breastworks, told Captain Shurtz to bring his men into line behind them. Among them were Messrs. Taft, Hepburn, Kelly, and other prominent citizens of Marshalltown. Slowly the Guards advanced, with ofiicers Shurtz and Kice in front. The Marietta men cocked their rifles, and when within about sixteen feet of each other, there was not a sound to be heard but a click of guns. Hepburn looked at the right, at the left, and seeing the Guards flanked on every side, knowing that not ten feet off stood an enemy with his hand on the trigger, who had an old grudge to settle, he became suddenly aware of the fearful consequences, and calling out to Weatherly, " For God's sake, don't shoot ! " threw up the sponge. Mr. Sylvanus Eice, a moment before, had narrowly escaped trepanning from a cane being thrown at his head, and Mr. Aleck Crow was about to slip the mortal coil of a Guard, when Sam. Hoffman advanced a little from the line and drew a bead, saying, " I'll make a luhiie Crow of you, sir, if you are not careful." The crisis was ready to burst its rain of blood upon these deluded men of Marshall county, when Boardman MAKSHALL COUNTY. 65 advanced a step or two, and in aloud, clear voice, with his inevitable imperturbation, read the injunction from Judge Thompson, restraining all action of removing the records ; and with a higher authority than sheriff or guard, dispersed the crowd with a henedicite unlooked for, and w^hich was really welcome to some, no doubt. The Bowen Guards slipped rather precipitately from the cul-de-sac in front of the Court House ; and some sw^earing and loud talking being heard in another direction, the swaying crowd thinned out in this place. Scott with his gang, had tried to set a building on fire with bundles of hay, but fortunately did not succeed, and one of the Guards in watching this movement, and thinking he might assist, jumped over a yard fence and tore his drapery in a vexatious man- ner, the only ahattis the Guards found. Captain Shurtz now ordered his men to " fall in," and the militia were soon en route for Marshalltown — Harris not to be found. One valiant Marietta man now emerged from behind a pile of rails, another took his gun from the window, where he had been watching the fight, a half mile distant. One Guard came into the ranks, who had the stomach-ache fearfully, through the onset ; another had to light his pipe — " be back in a minute," but his minutes lengthened into hours. But the most were real belligerents, for in the defense of the old flag, men from the " Swamp Kingdom " and "Anson's potato patch," gave their lives freely, and were buried together on Southern soil. Had there been a chance shot, and it is a great wonder that among so many boys, none fired ; had Harris in the first flurry, rushed his men into the Court House and commenced breaking locks, there is no telling what horrors might have been committed. There is no mistaking this, and Providence certainly must have watched over these half crazed men. Outsiders began to talk over the injunction and com- 66 IOWA. pare notes, some swearing at the judge for spoiling the fight ; they finally followed the action of the Guards, mounted their horses, filled the wagons, and drove away. At sunset, the contest was fairly over, no one hurt, and Marietta was the county seat in spite of guard or musket, wearing her diadem with undimin- ished lustre ; she was every whit the queen of the Iowa valley as before, without sending a single hero to the shades of Yalhalla. THE RETREAT. The Guards on their return, with cavalry, pickets and signal corps in a Bull Run confusion, met, about half way from Marshalltown, Judge Smith and Mr. Woodbury, going to Marietta. The judge made a speech, saying that he had done what he thought was right, of his own free will, and was glad things were as well off as they seemed. We will not attempt to describe the thoughts of the stalwart army as they approached the gates of Mar- shalltown, for -here the tragedy ends in a farce. The Guards had marched up more than " one hill then down again," had come home victorless and no scalps. No county records, no ashes of Marietta buildings, not a scratch or smell of gunpowder, but awful tired and hungry. " Where is your dead ? " " Where was you in the fight? " These questions assailed the poor Guards on every side. Messengers had been coming into town through the day, but still there would be false reports. Among them was one, that Wells Rice was killed, which of course had made his family nearly frantic. Although he was foremost in the fray, he had returned safe and sound. Another messenger had reported the streets of Ma- rietta were running with blood. Naturally these rumors had suspended all business; the ladies had MARSHALL COUNTY. 57 walked about from one house to another, trjdng to find some consolation in each other's courage, so that when the doughty army came home safe, the rebound from such a dismal strain was wonderful. Wives joked at the expense of their husbands, tea was got, and the meal ended under happier auspices than ever before in their households. We have heard many ladies say, that going to the battle-fields of the South, was nothing so gloomy as that dreadful day at Marietta. They felt not the loss of the county seat, or of its prospective advantages at the evening's close, so the loved ones were at home safe. Several quarrels came off collaterally, but as far as open fighting went, this was the last of the Marshall- town army. It was thought the next morning in Marietta, that the raiders might return, and every precaution .was used to guard the public property, but the plumes of the Marshalltown cavaliers were not seen, for it was believed that the injunction restrained all further action, and they were, after all, in favor of law and order. But more was had of the pen than of the sword. The lawyers were busy, and at the April term of the District Court, following, the mandamus case came up again. There was a long trial on the injunction, and an attachment was issued against Judge Smith for con- tempt, but he appealed to the Supreme Court, which decided against him. At this District Court, Marietta had a band of men pledged to secrecy, and under promise to slay and destroy, if Marshalltown attempted to take the safe from the Court House, even if decided in her favor. Previous to this, on the 18th of January, Judge Smith issued bonds to William Dishon on a contract to build a Court House, and to the tune of $26,000. Mr. Dishon went to New York and sold the bonds for 6 58 IOWA. goods instead of building, and this mercantile trans- action cost the county $8,000 to release the bonds. The bond-holder offered by his agent, to Mr. C. B. Rhodes, of Edenville, five hundred dollars if he would use his influence to bring them to a par value through action of the board of supervisors, though there had been an injunction issued against the sale of them. Judge Smith expected, at the time, that Mr. Dishon would do what was right, we have no doubt, but he was not careful enough in placing himself in the hands of designing men. We know that Marietta was fighting for her homes and that the citizens of Marshalltown did many things illegal to gain her ends, but there was a majority in her favor. The fault seemed to be. Marietta could not nor would not see it. This action was copied by Eldora. A little town in Hardin county had a majority of three over her, yet she would not, and never did, deliver up the records, and for her pertinacity is down on the maps to-day as the capital of that county. The injunction case came up again at the June terra of the Supreme Court, and the December term also, when the whole case was reviewed and argued, and finally a decision was given in favor of Marshalltown, which ended the whole controversy. There is another reminiscence of this war which we cull from the past. Mr. James Hambel, in an angry dispute with Mr. Gibson, told the latter, that he had " an eye for looking up a rope." This the gentleman took as a threat, and forthwith procured a warrant for the arrest of Mr. H. Mr. Wimberly, the deputy sheriff, being from Marietta was not personally acquainted with the culprit, and on coming up to the court house in Marshalltown, inquired of Hepburn where he lived. Shurtz standing by, knowing the danger of Hambel, winked to Hepburn to keep Wim- berly busy, then scudding around the building, has- tened down to Hambel's to hide him. At last Wim- MARSHALL COUNTY. 59 berly got impatient, and asked again where the rascal could be found. The polite lawyer pointed out a man chopping wood in the yard as if for dear life. "That's him," said he. Wimberly rode up to the house, dismounted, and commenced reading the summons to a man in a green coat and plug hat. After hemming and hawing and looking at the papers, causing as much delay as possi- ble, Shurtz suddenly looked towards the public square and said in a sly way, " I guess you are mistaken in the man, Mr. Hambel is in his grocery." The officer hastened in quest of his game at the grocery, but no Hambel could be found. "He is down to his barn, I seen him go," said an innocent youth. Mr. Wim- berly rode up to the gate and seeing a man standing near the stable door, asked the person if he was Mr. James Hambel, of Marshalltown." " I am not," an- swered the wicked James, " but he is in the stable." The officer dismounted and went into the barn, but the culprit was invisible, of course. Coming into the daylight again, believing he was sold, he looked in the direction of Sam. Scott's house, where he saw a man with grey clothes, on a horse, the same that the person wore when he drove up the second time, deny- ing his identity. "Wimberly put spurs to his horse to overtake him, and then commenced as laughable a race as ever was seen. The man with grey clothes was not to be caught — down one street, up another, neck and heels, until quite a little time elapsed and then the deputy finally caught the John Gilpin. "A 'nt you Mr. Hambel ? " the pertinacious officer asked. " IsTary time ; what are you eternally dogging me for ? " answered Shurtz, and his great black eyes looked unutterable uglj^ things at him. Wimberly thought he had better start for Marietta at once, and he was not seen again in Mar- shalltown until the cars came in for the first time, when he took observations, never having seen a rail- road or car before. 60 IOWA. J. L. Williams was to have been arrested at the time of Judge Smith's incarceration, but he dodged the officer very successfully, hiding behind the pantry door, and under the bed, till he wore out the patience of his pursuer, and was left to enjoy the sweets of home. But the greatest martyr in the conflict, was Rev. Mr. Babcock, who made himself quite meddlesome on some occasions. He tried to coax Mrs. Judge Smith to come down to Marshalltown to live, but the Mari- etta ladies blocked his game, by showering decayed eggs upon his clothes and saddle. No doubt he wished for a Smithfield fire to heat water for cleans- ing purposes, as he retired from the angelic bravts. Doctor Statler also received some mal-treatment a day or two after the battle. Upon summing up the case, an impartial witness would rejoice at the end of the conflict, for beside the bitter hatred and the blight attending such a contro- versy, there was an enormous expense in the courts connected with the exciting drama. As early as 1853, Messrs. W. Rice and Anson, paid Atwater, of Marietta, a thousand dollars to identify himself with Marshalltown, and urge its claim in the District Court. His argument is said to be one of the most masterly documents of the kind ever presented to a legal tribunal — all bosh and sophistry, to be sure, from beginning to end, but it gave the contest wordy show for the rival of Marietta, which after seven long years of waiting was crowned with success. Atwater, we opine, got tired of battling, or else he was afraid the antagonists would eat each other up before they were done with it, for he disappears early from the theater of action and is not heard of after 1854, in the his- tory of the county, William Penh Clark, the counsel for Messrs. Rice, Anson and Woodbury, was paid five hundred dol- lars at one time ; not being satisfied with this little MARSHALL COUNTY. 61 sugar plum, has sued for five liundred more, and the suit is still hanging fire in the Supreme Court. Judge Cole, now of the Supreme bench, received at one time, two hundred dollars from Marietta ; Crocker, the same amount ; but we have mentioned a very small share of the expense. Messre. Henderson and Boardman gave their services gratuitously ; it was a sort of legal training for them et gladiatour^ and served to make them the athletes they are in the profession. After the decision of the Supreme Court, declaring that Marshalltown was the rightful capital. Judge Smith, accompanied by L. Williams, on the last day of December, 1859, willed that the disagreeable task must be done, of REMOVING THE COUNTY RECORDS. Hitching up six yoke of oxen, the long contested property was taken from its corner in the little Court House at Marietta, placed aboard a sled, and under cover of the evening's darkness, across the silent prairie, with the mercury ten degrees below zero, they finally came to Main street and with but little cere- mony gave up their trust to the proper officers. The New Year dawned upon a glad village when the joyful news was proclaimed to the citizens of Marshalltown that the crown had changed hands, to last forever. Forthwith messengers were sent in every direction with invitations to everybody in Marietta and ►dsewhere to attend a NEW YEAR S RECEPTION In the newly baptized city. Such havoc as was made among the little pigs and great turkeys ! the tables groaned with eatables ; and after everybody ate and drank all they could, there were still baskets full of fragments to be taken up. Nothing was done by 62 IOWA. halves, many of tlie citizens of Marietta came down, and were met with cordial greetings, the hatchet was buried, and peace was made between the two cities. But an old Dutchman going home that night, was heard to say^ " I'se sho glad vat sail I do ? I musht vip sumpotty ! I vip mein frow if ze peeg has pen fed, if not, I vip her, ennyhow ; I musht vip sumpotty for thar ees no Mayette to vip eny more ! " Long before supper, cold and hot punch had been freely partaken of by some of the influential gentle- men, then whisky with water, whisky without water, sandwiched with good brandy, then water, wkisky and brandy again, till I am convinced from all ac- counts, that many faces wore the expression they did on the day when the blessed news came of the taking of Eichmond. It was a perfect ovation to the people of Marietta. There was a large pyramid cake, with the words, " Let the hatchet be buried." Mr. Mercer said, " We '11 not cut this cake, but leave the motto intact ;" and all through the evening every toast and sentiment expressed, was of a fraternal character. It was reported Dr. eat pumpkin pie for an hour, it tasted so like his mother's "good mince pie." But THE DEATH BLOW Had been given to Marietta. Soon after, her wealthiest and most enterprising citizens sold out at a ruinous sacrifice, and went to Marshalltown to live, where they were heartily welcomed. The stores and shops soon followed, the brass band dispersed, the literary society was obscured, away sped the houses one after another down to the new city, which had become a vampire to suck its blood — the work of demolition went on, until now, Marietta, six miles from a railroad, dismantled and ruined, is left with scarcely a trace of her departed glory. Most of the county officers were re-elected after the MARSHALL COUNTY. 63 removal from Marietta, and have held the trust ever since, and nearly all who came to Marshalltown, are among the most esteemed and wealthiest of her citizens. HON. D. L. ARNOLD, Late revenue assessor of the sixth congressional district, is one of these, and made an excellent officer for the Government. Probabl}^ he would have the portfolio yet, had not Andy "swung the circle," and sent the voluminous papers to the care of another worthy officer, his successor. Gen. T. H. Benton. Mr. Arnold is wealthy, yet kind to the needy, and has an unspotted reputation as a Christian gentleman. T. ABELL, ESQ., The pleasant banker, who still buys and sells exchange as he did in Marietta, and spent, with others, a large amount of money to make that village the perma- nent metropolis, is one of Marshalltown's most pros- perous and energetic men. Mr. Abeli has been a great helper in the Presbyterian church, and was for- ward to give of his means to the Orphan's Fair. Mr. Joseph Holmes, Doctor Waters, and Doctor Whealen, all came in due time to Marshalltown, also Mr. Thomas Mercer has a beautiful home there. He is a botanist of great scientific attainments and has unrivalled taste in flowers. The old court house bought by Mr. Turner, left Marietta and settled itself on the south side of Main street, and holds up harness and saddles instead of papers and maps, and tells no tales of powder trains and the secret plottings of its former daj^s. Mr. Crow's hotel where the Times office is located, feeds the brain of Marietta as it did the inner man. Mr. John Turner, whose untiring energy, with his part- ner, Mr. C. C. Stone, has built one of the heaviest hardware stores in the State, was a Marietta man, and 64 IOWA. did everything within mortal reach to make it a city. His worthy lady, a sister of the charming Mrs. Abell and the winsome " Minta," has done much in embel- lishments at our festivals and county fairs, and espe- cially at the Orphan's Home Fair. We shall always thank the few who wrought so faithfully in the floral department for that isle of beauty in the ocean of sand and dust elsewhere. Mr. J. L. Williams and H. D., his brother, familiarly called "Jake," are seen at the county clerk's desk, as chatty and genial as they were ten years ago at Marietta. In fact, these we have men- tioned, and many others, are among the very best citizens of Marshalltown. All bitter feeling has died away, and the past with its horrors and threatenings, only serves to excite a smile, for all are friends and united in every good work. We have only to men- tion that Boardman hobnobbed with Henderson in a week after coming here, went into a law partnership with him, and now sits around the green baize with T. Brown, Esq., who did as much to kill Marietta as any other man. Marietta will again become a business point should the railroad be built now projected between Marshall- town and Eldora. The village has yet about two hundred inhabitants, a store, several shops, and an excellent school under the management of Mrs. Quincy Black, a lady of thorough scholarship and graceful manner. Her exhibitions always call out a crowded house. There is an M. E. Church under the pastoral care of Eev. Mr. Hayman ; and no town in the county is surrounded by farms under such a high state of cul- ture. The Catholic Church which was finished in 1861, was usually filled by an earnest audience from French Grove, and a large settlement on the Minerva, but it was made of poor material, and • blew down about three years since, to the great annoyance of the communicants and Father Emmons, of Iowa City, who officiated at the altar. The architect was Mr. S. Marshall, now of the St. James. MARSHALL COUNTY. 65 This township is rapidly filling up with new settlers, has excellent public schools, and is every way a de- sirable point for farmers. IOWA TOWNSHIP. Iowa township is situated in the second tier from the Hardin line, contains some very good timber, while coal crops out along the banks of the Iowa river, and it also well watered by that stream and its tributaries. There are splendid farms in this town- ship, where locust and cottonwood gi'oves have been cultivated, making a good protection for stock and fruit, besides giving rare beauty to the landscape. Iowa is quite thickly settled and for a long time polled more votes than any other in the county. Among the earliest settlers, who came in the year 1849, was Messrs. Philip Ballard, William, his brother, and Jacob Ha user. Mr. P. Ballard relates his experience in getting to the prairie home in this wise : It was early in the spring, and when coming to the Iowa river it was found necessary to cross on a piece of ice by laying boards from shore to the ice, the horses were induced to cross over, then the wagon was drawn over by hand (after the goods had been removed), then over went the furniture, and finally, the wife and little ones. It was a marvel to every one in the vicinity how they crossed and without danger. The bears troubled his pigs and carried off a few of them, and in revenge he stole bruin's honey from the bee-trees. If we had only space to tell of the frontier experi- ences vvliich the families " over the river " had through the Indian war, the cold winters in their miserable little cabins, their thankfulness when they could buy a pound of coffee, it might make some of us who grumble, more contented. Mr. Hauser was county clerk in its first organization. 66 IOWA. Mr. Seymour was one of the earliest pioneers, but is now living in Kansas. But we will call the reader's attention to the most important place in the township, which is ALBION. It was laid out and surveyed in August, 1852, by George W. Voris and Thomas S. Brown, and given the name of Lafayette, which it continued to bear until 1858, when it was changed to Albion, there being another town named Lafayette on the Des Moines river. Albion is situated on the east side of the Iowa river, and has a splendid location, one of the finest in the State. Among the earliest settlers was Mr. Perrigo, now of Marshalltown, who had the first store here and helped build up Albion ; Mr. Jotham Keyes, who did a large business on air foundations and then vanished from the board of trade. Attorney T. Brown, now law partner with Boardman, who is well known as one of the best criminal lawyers in the State ; also, Professor Wilson, a talented editor and elocutionist. Mr. E. H. CHAPiisr, whose witty, trenchant pen cuts evil and self- conceit right and left ; Mr. Abram Stanley, a very successful business man, and Mr. Tripp, also a pioneer merchant, came about 1854, and all have been iden- tified with the growth of the town. About the year 1857, in the strife among the in- fant towns for notoriety and to become the county seat, Albion did not wish to be made a cat's paw by Messrs. Rice, Anson and Woodbury without a bonus, so having a literary taste, her efforts were put forth to obtain a seminary of learning. Upon a hint in the Iowa Central, whereof Mr. Chapin was editor, sub- scriptions were at once asked of the rival towns claiming to be the county seat ; intimating that the one which gave the highest amount, would get the most votes from Iowa township in the coming election. Both went to work, and on presenting the MARSHALL COUNTY. 67 subscription to the board of trustees of the Marshall County High School in Albion, it was found that Marietta had given three thousand dollars ; and Mar- shalltown, not to be outdone, raised hers to one thou- sand more. This commenced the present College building, but the county voted the sales of all swamp lands for the finishing of the enterprise, releasing all these stock- holders from their engagements, excepting those from Albion. As many prominent men had given notes as well as money, it was quite a relief. Under some defect in the school law, it was found that they could get no help from the State, so that when the offi- cers of an organization calling themselves the Iowa Lutheran College, offered to buy the high school building, it was sold to them, they representing that they had an endowment fund of sixteen thou- sand dollars. This was considered a fine stroke of diplomacy for Albion. Kev. E. Geiger was chosen president of the faculty, with several professors, etc. For some reason the endowment fund never reached the sum named above, and it has been struggling along to the best of its ability ever since. It has met a scathing ordeal of sectarian prejudice, also internal dis- sensions in the faculty ; the citizens have often given it a side luipe^ and it has had quite enough to wither the life from any corporate body of learning. It has, how- ever, been very liberal to the soldiers, and had some faithful, self-denying teachers, but it needs an endow- ment fund of a hundred thousand dollars, and enough more in its purse to add a couple of wings to the old dilapidated structure, and refarnish it from turret to foundation with new furniture, apparatus, etc. We wish this institution of learning great prosperity, and hope that money will be raised for the above purpose. 68 IOWA. A BREWING TEMPEST. After wasliing the feet of Albion, after kissing tlie faces of their dirty children, after exhausting stores of sniiflf and tobacco for her old women, and giving them all the swamp lands and other material aid, Albion, in February, 1860, (after a submission of two months to Marshalltown as the rightful sovereign,) circulated a petition through the county, praying that the county seat should be removed to that place. Fearing that there might be a successful hearing before the county judge, and there would be the expense and trouble of another canvas, a remonstrance was likewise circu- lated, and learning through a faithful detective, that there was about as many names on the petition as upon the remonstrance, one night a committee, self-appointed in Marshalltown, drew up about four hundred fictitious names that could be used in case of an emergency. Some of the names were those of persons in their graves, some were in the Eastern States, and occasion- ally the surname was transposed with the baptismal cognomen, until the " hodge-podge " was well calculated to deceive a Philadelphia lawyer, but only sixty were used. The case came up before Judge Battin and it was on trial nearly a week. As soon as it was found that there might be a possibility of a decision in favor of Albion, (Judge Battin being a citizen of that vil- lage) it was thought best by the watchful guardians of Marshalltown to arm themselves with an injunction from the district court against removing the records. So in the darkness of the night. Esquire Grregg and Doctor Statler started for Iowa City to obtain a hear- ing of Judge Thompson, as he was going there to attend court. When within a few miles of the city they overtook him, and he, fortunately granted the injunction. They returned quite elated with their success, but the document never was used, for Judge Battin think- MARSHALL COUNTY. 69 ing it was time the county seat insurrections should be crushed, decided against Albion, and threw the costs of the suit upon the plaintiffs, T. J. Wilson, Esq., Daniel Wheeler, Mr. Tiipp and a Mr. Sweet. This was the last eruption of the county seat fever, which promised to be chronic for some time to come, as it was alleged that Marietta was at the bottom of the conspiracy. As a specimen of the sharpness of some of the Marshalltown men, we mention the fact, that while Mr. William Howard, of Liberty, was producing the petition at the trial, and giving testimony as to the genuineness of some of the names attached to it, a sly rascal cut off about forty names from the paper with his pocket knife, in the twinkling of an eye, passed it to another of the same Beelzebub persuasion, and with the aid of a couple of wafers, persons were made to do duty on the other side of the house. Mr. Howard and the court, were so occupied that they never noticed the deception, and probably it is not known to many of the county to day. At this trial, the downcast looks of the plaintiffs was considered a good offset for the unpleasantness that Albion had caused Doctor Glick and Mr. Wood- bury at their trial, for holding Judge Smith's nose to the grindstone. PRIMITIVE LIVING. Mrs. Perrigo mentions renting the first frame house built in Albion. Then they made preparations for a home, Mr. P. hiring a hand from Cedar Kapids to assist him in the project. The man got sick, so Mr. Perrigo built the house alone, raising the balloon frame by himself, mostly. Mrs. Perrigo remembers of moving into it Avhen the roof was shingled only at one corner, and she could lie in bed and see the stars as they marched in solemn procession through the night. The shingle horse where they manufactured the 70 IOWA. shingles, stood next to the table, and pictures, tin skimmers, clothing and skillets were close neighbors on the nnplastered walls. Mrs. Perrigo once dressed in calico for an afternoon visit, wearing also a gingham sun-bonnet and cotton gloves. This costume was considered such an index to her pride, that it was made the subject of remark, especially the gloves, but Mrs. Arny, the hostess was glad to receive her, and she spent a pleasant after- noon with others of the company who would laugh at cotton gloves now-a-days, as well as Mrs. Perrigo, who is unrivaled in her taste for dress. Mr. J. P. Allington came later, was an excellent mechanic, and at an early day, made wagons for the Iowa farmers. Mr. B. T. Phillips, a prominent man in this section, came in 1856, and has filled some of the first ofiices of the township with trust and ability. He is now an extensive stock and grain dealer. Mr. William Thrall, a good citizen, has been here some years. Mr. Lucas built the first hotel in Albion, then sold to Mr. Hobart, and the location was long known as the Hobart House. Mr. Howell, of Ohio, bought it two years since, and in western parlance, he knows " how to keep hotel," or rather his wafe does, for is not the landlady the central sun of the whole system in a tarvern f One of the early settlers was Mr. Beeson, whose son, Lieutenant Beeson, served with so much distinction in the Union army ; also Mr. Hunmalean, who set out a beautiful grove of cotton woods and had fruit and stock in great plenty. He was a man of energy ; al- though w^asted by long sickness he still would work. Some one asked him not long before his death, why he kept planting ornamental trees. He gave a beautiful reply, " Some weary body will love to sit under their pleasant shadows and think of me when I am gone." He placed in the solid earth a more splendid monu- MARSHALL COUNTY. 71 ment than the costliest marble column, which will outlive his worthy act for generations to come. The first newspaper published in Albion was edited by Prof. T. WiLSON, now of Marshalltown, and called the Towa Central Journal. This enterprise was com- menced in the month of November, 1855. It was the only newspaper published in a radius of one hundred miles ; and on looking over its files we find fine ability as a writer, and it certainly reflected great credit upon the Professor to place such a shining light in the darkness of the western border. He afterward sold out to E. H. Chapin, Esq., who associated with him, K. H. Barnhart, a good local and a successful publisher, who has been in partnership with his brothers, publishing a line of democratic journals through the State. Mr. Barnhart at this time was a man of small means, his lady assisting him in setting type ; and in the space of ten years has become wealthy. Iowa is the home for poor men. Afterward, Mr. Chapin sold to Doctor Taylor, a clear, pleasant writer, author of a former history of the county, and one of the earliest physicians in its limits. The ofiice was moved to Marshalltown after the remo- val of the county seat, and was known as the Marshall County Times. On the 4th of July, 1855, everybody and his wife were invited to a celebration of the natal day of the Eepublic, at the town of Lafayette. The multitude assembled on the Public Square; Mr. Sawyer now living in Marshalltown was chief marshal of the day, Doctor Hixon gave the oration and read the Declara- tion of Independence. William Ballard and a few others did the singing, and it was a good time. Doctor Wheal an was to have taken the forum, but in passing a new building, a wicked shingle in its down- fall struck him on the head, so that he failed to per- form his role^ and gain immortality as a speaker — he never attempted the like again, believing that Fate 72 IOWA. had other employment for the exercise of his talents. On another occasion, in 1857, Judge C. C. Cole gave the oration, and a Mr. Lloyd read the declaration, but spoiled all by attempting to explain the meaning of that sublime yet perfectly simple document in a long harangue. Mr. Ballard (who, by the way, has a beautiful voice), also gave " Hail Columbia " at this celebration. Some years after, when a company of soldiers were leaving for the field, he sang the " Old Liberty Tree," with fine effect upon the crowd. In the year 1859 there was a Congregational Church formed in conjunction with Marietta, Eev. E. Boardman, pastor, who officiated alternately in that capacity once in two weeks. There was a member- ship of fourteen. Mr. P. Chapin, a man full of Christian graces, now living in Marshall, was chosen deacon, and another good man, Mr. M. Hastings, was their secretary. The Lutherans coming in 1861 in such numbers, it was thought best to disband, and, with a few scattering Presbyterians, sacrifice on the same altar with them. Mr. George Keyes, one of the mem- bers of this little church, w^as noted afterward for his bravery in the army. A Mr. Larrison was killed in building a bridge in this township, and his death was very much regretted at the time. Mr. David Randolph, a prominent gentleman, came in 1856 to Albion, with his son-in-law, Mr. Cowgell, the superintendent of the M. E. Sunday School in their pretty brick chapel. Mr. Swearingen, quite a wealthy gentleman, and one of the trustees of the college, has been here some years. Judge Hobbs is now a resident of this township, and Doctor Richey, a good physician ; also Mr. Hinman, who has a splendid stock farm. He has been associated in business sometime with David Wells, one of the most noted stock dealers in the State. Lieutenant Arny of this township died a few months since, and was much beloved for his patriotic and noble bearing in the army and at home. ^mt MARSHALL COUNTY. 73 North of Albion and farther up the drowsy river, is a postoffice hamlet called Norris. It is of great convenience to the farmers in that thickly settled com- munit}'-. Mr. S. Meyer, one of the Fort men, lives in this section ; he came from Tennessee originally, and settled here in 1853. He gave a brave boy's life for the old flag at Atlanta, who no doubt learned the lessons of freedom amid the mountain tops of the Cumberlands. Judge Battin came to Albion sometime in 1856, and is favorably known in the county as an impartial, faith fal officer, as well as an honest merchant. He has been thoroughly identified with the enterprises of the Iowa valley to develop its resources and make this section a desirable home for our people. Mr. Cripps has decidedly one of the finest apiaries in the State. He sells hundred of pounds of honey yearly, that delicious epicurean dish, which is within reach of every d vveller upon the prairie ; also, grapes rivalling those of Eshcol, Guinea pigs and hens, and other useful animals He certainly will reap a pecuniary harvest for his labors and enterprise in this direction. Albion has two stores, a grocery, hotel, and all the shops necessary for the wants of its citizens. It con- tains about four hundred inhabitants, and the advan- tao^es of the Lutheran Colle2:e make it an attractive point to settlers. They have several churches in or- ganization, and service is generally held in the college building. Kev. Dr. Sternberg lectures to crowded houses upon religious topics, which is of great benefit and enjoyment to the citizens. We bespeak for this beautiful little town and for its infant college an abundant prosperity. MARSHALL Township is a little east of the geographical center of the county, and is rolling prairie dotted with splendid groves, with Asher's Creek, Linn and the Iowa ot, 7 74 IOWA. water tlie surface, making it a natural garden supply- ing the marlvet of Marslialltown. The earliest settlers were two brothers, William Ralls and G. S. Ralls, also John Braddy and Mr. Crowder. The first white child born in this township was Joseph Luther, a son of Mr. G. S. Ralls, and he is still living in Iowa township. William Ralls came from Wapello county in March, 1850, and lived in a cabin near Colonel Shurtz's present residence. Soon after their arrival their house was robbed and burned, leaving the family almost destitute. As many of the valua- bles was afterwards seen in a canoe, there was not much doubt as to the authors of the mischief It was a cruel thing under the circumstances. They lived on a dirt floor in a cabin afterward, had a tough time through the Indian war ; but in a few years made a good farm and now are wealthy. The first court and county election was held at their house, and there were just thirty votes in the ballot box. " Jack " Braddy had a claim and cabin a little west of them. He cut poles about as large as a stove pipe and made his home, covered the roof with slough grass, and himself and family had a terrible contest with ague here. It often rained down in torrents on their shaking frames, and those who have had the ague can properly appreciate tlieir situation. Mr. Washington Asher, another pioneer on the Tiorthern edge of the township, had a claim near the creek that bears his name. It is a beautiful stream and is noted for its splendid ice in winter and purple grapes in autumn. After Mr. Asher's people came out of the fort, the giide man was away on business a part of the season. So afraid was Mrs. A. of the snakes, that on retiring she used to place the chairs in a row to walk upon in case she was obliged to light ihe candle in the night. Mr. Thomas Brown, who went into the armj^ and MARSHALL COUNTY. 75 died in some far off hospital, is often mentioned as one of the earliest settlers in this neighborhood. The family lived on cracked corn and wild meat for a long time. He rendezvoused with the others north of the river at the time of the Musquaquan war in 1850, at P. Ballard's house. He was a brave, good man in every particular. In the spring of 1854, there was another Indian scare called the Sioux war. Quite a large number of warriors assembled in Hardin county, and were often insolent in their demands, and the report spread over the prairies, that they were determined on driving the whites from the Iowa valley. The Indians certainly had an inextinguishable affection for Marshall country. Many of the settlers became very much alarmed and huddled together for protection for a day or two, at Mr. Brown's. But the Sioux soon changed their minds, and withdrew to the northwestern part of the State, where their smouldering hate flamed out in the massacre at Spirit Lake. A Mr. More came a good deal later, about 1855, in this section, and built a good saw mill, which was of much advantage to the people. He owned a large claim of valuable timbered land, but after a few years of contest with western life died, much regretted. Mr. Brown is known, however, as having endured a great deal of privation. He came in 1849. It is w^onderful what powers of endurance many of these old settlers had ! They shame us of a later day with our feebleness, for their feet were often frozen taking care of stock and procuring fuel ; they had fevers and agues, but still wrought on their farms, shaking like bean pods in a November breeze. But the ague has almost entirely disappeared, and we have a very healthy country at present, and with the agricultural machinery, farming is now almost like play. Mr. Silas Chorn is mentioned as coming to Marshall in the spring of 1852, and settling on a farm west 76 IOWA. of the city, near Mr. Johnson Allen's. He is employed at present at Mr. Turner's hardware store ; a man of strict probity in business relations. Mr. Henry Hartwell came in 1854 and lives in that neighborhood. Mr. H. is an exceedingly charitable man. He was known for many years as making the first brick in this section. He is a staunch Universalist, and on all occasions maintains what he believes is truth, without fear or restraint. About here — sometimes called the half-way house to Marietta, on what is now the edge of the corpora- tion of Marshalltown — lived Mr. Allen. Also Mr. K Gillespie, well known as a strict temperance man, and devoted Presbyterian. At one time the liquor sellers' minions girdled a splendid orchard belonging to Mr. G., worth two thousand dollars. Another good family, members of the M. E. Church, and loyal to the government, who came in 1854, and identified with all good works, is old Father Caniield's While living on his farm, the war broke out and three of his sons went into the service, all making their mark as brave, good soldiers. HENRY ANSON, ESQ., Made the first settlement upon the present site of Marshalltown in the spring of 1851, entering the claim at the land office at Des Moines the same year. Previous to this, however, there was a squatter who had a little cabin on the south side of the claim. Taking fifty dollars from Mr. Anson, he left, and went away before Mr. A. built his cabin where Wiley's car- riage shop now stands. His claim, however, was bounded b}^ the north side of Main street ; and between that line and the river, the land was owned by Mr. William Ealls, who sold it to Mr. John Kelly, and he, in turn, sold to Dr. John Childs for four hundred and fifty dollars, property worth now nearly a half million. Mr. Childs lived in a cabin on the north side MARSHALL COUNTY. 77 of the claim, but after the town was laid out he moved it upon Main street. MARSHALLTOWN" Was surveyed in the summer of 1853, long after Marietta, by Mr. Kisden of Iowa City, under direction of Messrs. Anson and Childs, we believe. It was named after Marshall, Michigan, Mr. Anson having some pleasant memories of that place. Mr. Anson was a son-in-law of Mr. Sylvanus Rice, of Trumbull county, Ohio, and he persuaded Mr. R., his sons Wells and Miles, also John A. Kelly, a brother-in-law, to make Marshall their home. This was in the spring of 1852. It is said of Mr. Anson, that after travelling over a considerable portion of Iowa, he came here, and in a fit of enthusiasm swung his hat over his head, " I 've found the prettiest place in the world," said he, " Here I '11 lay my bones ! " The families above-mentioned with Doctor Childs, were the founders of Marshall, the affix of town being added as there was another town in Henry county by the same name. The first glass window in the township that let in the blessed sunlight, was framed in Anson's cabin. Many of the settlers thought it a useless piece of furni- ture, as they lived with open windows the year round. Mr. Anson was known as the red-headed Yankee, who had a well-sweep, and that machine was talked of as another useless thing, for a rope was cheaper, if not so handy. Some of his relatives coming a year or two after, (Mrs. Anson and " Mike " as he is familiarly called) heard of " Hank's " well-sweep for ten miles eastward. Hank also proved himself quite a dentist, extracting teeth with a pair of bullet moulds. He built the first saw-mill on Linn creek and about the first one in the county, but it was burned in June, 1856, after being of great advantage to settlers. Mr. Anson was also the first Justice, and at the township 78 IOWA. election held in the embryo city, the voters dropped their ballots into a box through the window of his cabin. When Mr. A. occupied this cabin in the north of the town, he was also Land Agent as well as Justice, and besides all the business carried on, the cooking for three families went forward under the same roof — the two brothers, Piatt and Charley Smith from Iowa City, and the Squires of Marshalltown. Anson's moth- er and sister came in a year or two afterward. While they were building their cabin they lived in a wagon- box, placing the bed under the running gear of the wagon, with a couple of boards for shelter. They used to laugh at their airy dormitory as they bundled up for the night. Mr. Anson built the present McLean House and has been connected with almost every prominent enterprise of the city and county. Formerly of Ohio, came here the next year after Mr. Anson, and buying the claim of Mr. John Kelly, lived there and dispensed hospitality to many of the new comers. What appetites emigrants used to have in those days ! Coming in wagons and throngh the bracing, healthy air of Iowa, dyspeptics lost their bad symptoms and took another form of disease, called the " Iowa eatables," or consumption, that is, consume all on the table and speak of kissing the cook. Eailroad traveling is not half as good for dyspeptics as the old- fashioned canvas-topped wagon. The first meeting held in Marshalltown congregated in Mr. C's cabin, which was thirteen feet square. A Cumberland Presbyterian minister on his journey stopped w^ith the family, and consented to preach, it being the Sabbath. Mr. Childs moved the furniture outside, but still many were obliged to stand out of doors ; about thirty attended the services, and without MARSHALL COUNTY. 79 any flattery to the preacher, he had, indeed a croioded house. Some of the boys and large girls were bare- foot, and a large sprinkling of pasteboard sun-bonnets were to be seen. We shall speak farther of Mr. Childs in the unfold- ing of the history of Marshalltown. SYLVAN us RICE, ESQ., Mr. Anson's father-in-law, came here in 1852 and built a barn which he used as a house until he could do better. There were no mills then, or lumber, so that the primitive logs and puncheons were the building material, excepting that brought from Iowa City. Mr. Rice afterward built a frame store, then the " Rice Hotel," of brick, and the Marshall House, with other enterprises of the kind. Mr. Rice has one of those cheerful happy natures which makes a new-comer feel at home and welcome. When he was landlord, this was very apparent, and his homesick neighbors who came early and had privations, often looked to him for encouragement and cheer. His estimable lady was very much loved in this vicinity ; she died in 1863. He has since been united to a Mre. Lord, relict of the late Doctor Lord, of Hardin county, and is now living there. His son, Miles Rice, is now living here, after two 3'ears' residence in Idaho. WELLS RICE, ESQ., One of the founders of Marshalltown, is a citizen who has been more closely identified with her interests than any other for the past fifteen years. We mean no in- justice to any one. Mr. Rice has never left the work of upbuilding the city for the time mentioned, has left no stone unturned, whereupon to lay the foun- dations of Mar^Jiialltown broad and wide. He came here in 1852 aKcl lived in a cabin near the north end of what is now Mr. N. Gillespie's farm. The door was made of rived shingles, no latch, leaky roof, and 80 IOWA. crevices so large in the puncheon floor, that the little ones crept shyl}^ past, for fear of the snakes and other varmints who sometimes took refuge there. Mrs. Rice came home one day and found a large rattlesnake cosily taking a snooze upon the door step, but she soon obeyed Scripture in despatching the gentleman to his own place, by bruising his head with a garden spade. Soon after the family came here, a beautiful little boy was born to them, whom they named Marshall after the embryo city, but he died after three months of life, and was buried on the Jack Braddy farm. Mrs. Rice relates a legend of the early times in this wise. A lady had occasion to visit a neighbor, and on her return she found that she had left the door ajar. The woods near at hand were filled with hogs of a peculiar breed called " prairie sharks " brought here by the Indians, This species of hogs is now nearly extinct ; they have very long legs and noses, immense ears, and thin as a slab. Upon going into tiie house, the lady saw to her surprise, standing on its hind legs in front of the cupboard, with its musical jaws in motion, one of these prairie sharks eating- bread and butter from the top shelf! It was a sight for a housekeeper, and the broomstick played an im- portant part in the drama afterward. Mr. Rice was the first Postmaster in the town, and this enterprise was established in the fall of 1854. The mail came upon an old two-horse wagon, at first weekly — then, after a few years have passed away, think of our facilities for receiving intelligence by car and telegraph ! Mr. Rice lived in Bureau county, Illinois, before coming here, and on the journey the family met with a funny mishap. In crossing the classic waters of an Iowa slough, the horses mired down and wagon too. It was the last one on the trail and consequently was in a fair way to get to China, unless there was a long pull, and a strong pull altogether. After a half MARSHALL COUNTY. 81 day's labor, by lifting with fence rails, the vehicle was righted up, but in the operation, overboard went a barrel of sugar, pickles, jars of sweetmeats, and a splendid rocking chair, into the ruins. We will not write further at present of Mr. Kice, but introduce another family to the reader's notice, early known in the village, whose name the paterfamilias bears, as John A. Kelly, Esq., Who came here in 1853 and lived on a farm now owned by Mr. Edward Thayer, we believe. He built a cabin and had the usual furniture of those days ; iot the experience of others had shown that fine uphol- stery was a poor investment to bring in a wagon for hundreds of miles, as our "Northwestern" was not a carryall for a good many j^ears after. Mr. Kelly has amassed a splendid fortune, and with others has done much to develop the resources of the country, giving material aid to schools, the railroad, churches, and many other institutions. Mr. Kelly gives the particulars of an exciting elk hunt which came off in 1852 that excels our Wall Lake friends in superiority of game. All of the set- tlers principally were engaged in it, and in the course of the day they brought down three large elk, wolves, deer, and coons without number. As it was in the winter, and snow on the ground, the game tracks were clearly perceptible, and there was a great deal of fun and hilarity on this occasion. Mrs. Kelly and Mrs. Eice both have held high office in very many of the charitable societies in the city, and are ladies of great personal merit. In this year came other actors on the stage ; among them, a B. STRAIGHT, From Ohio, and built a cabin near North Main street, had quilts for doors, and the carpenter used wooden 82 IOWA. nails instead of Pittsburgh, about the domicil. Mr. Straight helped initiate the contest for the county seat, and was prominent in building the court house and other improvements. He says many laughed at him as he wrought on the masonry of the court house, being so cold at one time that he nearly froze his hands as he laid the wall of the town hall, as it was ostensibly named at the beginning. Mrs. Straight is one of the largest- hearted women in the world — kind to the poor and distressed every- where. Mr. Straight built a frame house, now occupied as a kitchen by I. J. Sanford, and then erected the beautiful Gothic residence which he now lives in, on West Main street. They have a nicely arranged flower plat, showing fine taste in its cultivation. In company with this family came Mr. S. Dwight, and upon buying the log house owned by Henry Anson, gave a tea-party soon afterwards to the citizens of the vicinity. The next spring while Mr. Dwight was drawing rock, his little son, a lad of twelve years, fell from the load, and the wagon passing over him caused instant death. This was the first fatal accident in the county, and caused great gloom in the infant settlement. Mr. D. has a daughter that shows poetic talent, which, if cul- tivated, may make a future worth striving for. In the summer of 1854 came Father Hoffman, one of the best men that ever lived in the city — is men- tioned as dwelling in a rail pen with a slough-grass roof, and when it rained, Mrs. H. used to walk about her mansion under an umbrella. For a parlor, they arranged the family carriage by unloosening the cur- tains ; and here too, " Mike," our deputy collector, had a long run of typhoid fever. Four of the family had the fever also, in consequence of exposure in this hut. So many settlers coming in, it was impossible to get lumber ; but buying a house afterward, Mr. H. could MARSHALL COUNTY. 83 not induce tlie proprietor to leave until he could obtain another house for his family. This frame house is the one now occupied by Mr. Hoffman. Mr. Yeamans and Mrs. Gillespie, Mr. Dubois, and Mr. Oviatt, who afterward married a daughter of Father Hoffman, came this year. Mr. Mead, also ; and we think the good and much lamented Mr. Webster. DISTILLERY. About this time, an old gentleman by the name of Haynes, built a rude distillery in the northwestern part of the town, constructing his. receivers of dug-out troughs of wood. Trappers would take a bag of corn and a jug, empty the corn into a heap, and fill the jug from the trough without a graduating scale or measure. Glorious days for topers ! AMUSEMENTS. The young and old danced on the puncheon floors, and sometimes played "pussy in the corner." Before they had any church or Sunday School, the Sabbaths seemed long and lonely, excepting to a few devout believers. One lady says that they left their " go to meetin's on the other side of the Mississippi." There certainly was a woful lack of church privileges or even prayer meetings. When Mr. Anson finished his mill, the citizens con- sidered it quite a treat to go down by the brook-side and listen to the tic-tac and clatter of the much- needed institution. Mrs. Childs relates a pleasing incident of going to the Iowa river one day with her little girls on a fishing expedition. It was her first trial. They had asked for fish, should she give them a scorpion ? No ! So, taking line, hook and bait to the running water, and hushing her partners in the expedition to a proper degree of silence, she succeeded in taking a huge red- 84 IOWA. horse, quite corpulent enough for the family's supper. Such self-reliance would have made a successful quar- termaster even in the desert of Sahara. It was splendid days for housekeepers then — no two weeks of spring cleaning, no ruffles to make or yards of tatting to crotchet ; they did not skate or turn up their noses at a mechanic's wife ; they did up their housework in short time and in order, then read over old letters and the New York Tribune, while the day ended with a social chat among their neigh- bors. It would be exceedingly dull now-a-days thus to live. Henry Anson and Mr. Wells Eice, restless and amb- itious, were not satisfied with their place being a suburb of Marietta, and as far back as 1853 commenced war on the aforesaid, with no more remorse than if pluck- ing an owl in the forest. Atwater, of Marietta, was a keen lawyer, and one day he was approached by these powers behind the throne, and forthwith became a most devoted follower of Marshalltown. Then came a long argument that the location of the county seat at Marietta was illegal, as there were only two commission- ers instead of three, according to legislative action. There were three more talked of, and when they were appointed by Judge McKay, each received a splendid shot-gun, so it was reported. Marshalltown then claimed the county seat to all new comers, which was as stoutly denied on the other hand by Marietta. These stakes were set in 1853. Finally, a writ of mandamus came from the District Court compelling Marietta to remove the records. x\ll being hosh on the part of Marshalltown, just to keep the thing in law until they could control public sentiment to carry the question. Anson and Kice, afterwards assisted by Mr. Wood- bury and others, carried on this contest through seven long years, and finally their pertinacity was crowned with success. MAESHALL COUNTY. 85 It was the tlieme of many an anxious conversation among the citizens of the little village — let them but once get this advantage, the certainty of Marshalltown becoming a city was beyond doubt. There was nothing done by halves, everybody was treated hand- somely, and an agreeable impression was sought to be be made upon tlie stranger, so that he might be in- duced to turn around liis four-wheeled emigrant-ship with its freight of pigs, chickens and tow-headed children into the Marshalltown harbor. Wells Rice built the first respectable building in the city, being made of lime, sand and gravel mixed to- gether and called grout. This was in the fall of 1852. Dr. John Childs, of the firm of Choate & Childs, built the first frame house in the following summer of 1853. They celebrated its grand appearance on the corner of Main and Center streets, by a house-warming — without chamber floors, but loith a "glorious supper and dance,*' as an actor in the festivities reports. The first two-story frame store, (now occupied as a meat market near Dr. Cummings) was built by C. B. Straight, in company with Mr. Sylvanus Rice, the gentlemanly, stirring citizen who did so much in an early day for our city. The first brick building was put up by Charley Davis, and is still standing on the corner opposite Mr. Straight's residence on Main street Mr. Child's building has been transplanted within a -few years to the lot westward of Levi Page's cottage house, to make room for Abbot & Knisely's brick block. Mr. Rice's cement store did not last but a few years in our Iowa winds, for it soon cracked, and went into disintegration and ruin. The two-story house now occupied by Mr. Iloffman was one of the first dwelling houses. 86 IOWA. BIRTH AND DEATHS. The first white child born in Marshalltown, was Adrian Anson, son of Henry Anson, Esq., in 1851. The first funeral in the village was that of a little daughter belonging to Mr. Silas Chorn, on the 10th of August, 1853. It was a gloomy hour to the family, for there was scarcely a word of ceremony — they parted the wild grass and the yellow autumn asters at the corner of Jack Braddy's farm, with no prayer or death -song, but laid the little one to sleep in a pine coffin till the prophesied bright morn of the future. On the 10th of September following, her sister, a sweet child of seven years, was placed beside her in the same prim- itive manner. There was not a professing Christian in the neighborhood. At this funeral, Mrs. John Smith, mother of Mrs. Ralls, remarked she could not rest easy thus buried, but in the following January, she was interred in the same way. Mr. Caleb Braddy also buried a child the next spring without a word of ceremony, no shroud, nothing but its little calico slip for its grave cerements, and they drove away to the spot where the others found a resting place at a quick pace, and the last rites were soon despatched by the family. WEDDING. The first wedding here was a double one, and a joyful day it proved to the young couples, for they went down to Timber Creek, had a good supper, and came back to town in a two-horse buggy iu great state. Everybody was on the lookout to see them return. The happy duos were Miles Rice and Miss Anson ; Mr. Horace Anson and Miss E. Smith. This was on the 17th of September, 1854. In the same fall, old Mr. Rice started up a couple of deer near Linn Creek, turning them westward they took a gallop down Main street, printing their cunning MARSHALL COUNTY. 87 little hoofs on the future mart of business. Many deers promenade there yet, but are not quite so shy. PEIMITIVE LIVING. Mr. Edw. Willigrod came in 1851 and built his cabin upon the site of Doctor Statler's present home. There was not a nail in it, and the slabs which covered the roof blew off one night in a terrible storm, and the family were obliged to rouse up in the pitchy darkness and find out the extent of the programme arranged by the storm king. Down went the chimney and away flew the chairs which set outside of the house, it being too small to hold the furniture and beds. This storm also blew down a house belonging to Mr. Web- ster which was in process of erection. Mr. David Parret's family lived in the back room of the store occupied by Mr. Parret. It was a kitchen, parlor, music room, and dormitory for a family of seven persons. As these pioneers now occupy splendid residences, they can well laugh over their former mis- haps. Many others lived in the same manner. SABBATH SCHOOLS. A Sunday School was organized this summer, with Mr. Yeamans as superintendent and John Kelly as librarian. This little nursery of the church counted but seven members at first. Father Dunton and Mr. Hoffman were often seen there, and almost everybody in the little town labored more or less for it, regardless of sect It held sessions for sometime, but finally went down, and the effects were turned over to the Meth- odist Episcopal Church. SINGING SCHOOL. The first singing class in the town, was taught by Mr. Childs, composed of young folks, although some were "keeping company" and generally "sparkin'" 88 IOWA. Siuiday nights, so that they were learning lessons of Cupid,' as well as the " do, re." One chap got jealous, and threatened to horsewhip the teacher if he inter- fered with some arrangements he had made with his sweetheart. After this school, in 1853, Mr. Childs sold out the most of his claim to Mr. Webster, who was an excel- lent man, very benevolent, gave city lots away to poor men, and died in 1863, much lamented. Mr. Childs became discouraged and went to Iowa City. He was sadly missed in the little village, and often regrets his " change of base," as his claim is now the center of the world. The sino^ino; school had no leader until Professor Heighton came a year or two afterward. Music was often enjoyed as one of the fine arts at the social gathering, and in little expeditions to the forest for berries and wild apples, the voices of sing- ing boys and girls rang out on the summer air. We record a laughable affair which we name the BLACKBEKRY HUNT. There had been rumors of fruit across the river, so Mrs. Willigrod, Mrs. Bissell and a lew others started out with a team, Mr. Pratt as driver. Mrs. Willigrod prudently put on a pair of her husband's boots for fear of snakes. On arriving at the canoe the whole party arranged themselves with Mrs. Willigrod in the stern. They amused each other by laughing and singing, also by plashing water on Mrs." W. She, to avenge her- self, threw many handfuls from the river into their faces, but just as the boat struck the opposite bank, in reaching to give them a final baptism she fell back- ward into the river, hoots and all. Tlie party laughed, but like the frog in the fable it came very near being the death of her, for she rose the second time before the stupefied Mr. Pratt could rescue her from the peril- MARSHALL COUNTY. 89 ous situation. Coming out of the water like a drowned kitten, she was glad to make her way home without any blackberries. Mrs. Willigrod has such a vein of genial humor, one enjoys an hour of her experiences in border life. We cannot chronologically arrange many things illustrating the pioneer times, but in this connection we mention a TEA DRINKING At Mr. Sylvanus Rice's hotel, when the chamber floors were not laid, or the partitions up. All the ladies in town were there, and Mrs. Rice had a quilt in the frames. Mrs. Calvin Straight wore a very pretty black and white gingham, and one of the neighbors hung back and would not go, for Mrs. S. was dressed so finely, that it "shamed her calico," she remarked. Tiiiswas before the age of hoops, waterfalls, seventy-five dollar dresses, etc., which we see at the tea-parties of to-day. Among the ladies present, was Mrs. Polly Gillespie of the M. E. Church, who came in the spring of 1854. There was also Mrs. Oviatt, who died not long after. Mrs. Henry Anson, whom everybody loved and ad- mired, also Mrs. Willigrod and Mrs.' Bissell. It was a happy day, but alas! hostess, and more than half of her guests, have gone to the land of forget- ful ness. Mrs. Rice was an excellent woman, and her exem- plary life gave no opportunity for criticism; when she died she had not an enemy in the world ; and the same may be said of her daughter, Mrs. Anson. FOURTH OF JULY. The first celebration of our nation's birth day held in the county was on the public square in Marshall- town in 1853. Invitations were extended throughout the Iowa valley, and as many as could availed them- 90 IOWA. selves of the opportunity to recognize this anniversary of the Eepublic. There was a large bower built of green waving branches, the stariy flag waving gaily over all ; tables were spread with all the delicacies that could be obtained, and everybody wore a joyous look, for the guests were splendidly entertained ; the citizens having a sharp eye on the county seat, as well as their patriotism, felt it their duty to welcome all with smiles and cheers. An old lady was present by the name of ; on hearing Doctor Bissell, who was chief marshal, call for cheers, she shoved a young girl out of a chair very suddenly, with " Don't ye hear them call for cheers f Grit up, aint ye no manners ! " Mr. Atwater, the young lawyer of Marietta, deliv- ered the oration, and the singing class of Mr. Childs gave the crowd, " Hail Columbia," in fine style. Mrs. Choate, then a little girl in the choir, was obliged to stand upon a box, so that her head should be level with the rest of the soprano singers. Many of the visitors were loaded with goodies on their return home, filling red and yellow.cotton hand- kerchiefs and tin buckets ; some coming twenty miles. The lady committees, which comprised the most of the women in town, saw the sunset, very much fatigued. Old Mrs. Rice trimmed the cake as happy as at a wedding; Mrs. Straight remembers filling a clothes basket full of good things for the table, and many others wrought hard and gave much for the same object CONCERT. Pursuing the same subject of amusements, without reference to dates, we note the fact, that the first public concert given in Marshalltown was by a sing- ing class trained by Professor Heighton. The cho- russes were sung by the whole class, the solos, duos and quartettes were rendered by the beautiful Miss MARSHALL COUNTY. 91 Cleavers, twin sisters ; Mrs. Andrews and Miss E. Hopkins as tlie alto. Professor Heighton played the accompaniments upon a melodeon with his own mu- sical grace of to-day, and the audience were delighted with the entertainment. There were no librettos or opera glasses then in the audience. Harry Gerhart, our able county treasurer, played the violin and sang bass in fine style. It was a pleasant affair to all concerned. Professor Heighton has done much to elevate the standard of music here, having organized all the choirs in the city churches excepting the Disciples. Prof Montgomery and lady, Mrs. McClure, and Miss Nettie Cole, gifted singers among us came much later. Miss S. Montgomery has assisted Prof. Hughes, a blind musician, through a series of successful concerts in Wisconsin and North- ern Iowa. But we turn a leaf backward on our record to 1852, and talk of our PIONEER MERCHANTS. We have mentioned that the first store was built and filled with goods by Wells Eice, Esq. Mr. Pratt, member of a firm from Iowa City, also sold goods here ; he is principally remembered as having a huge shock of red hair, and being an easy sort of man. Mr. E. Willigrod, from Mansfield, Ohio, came in July, 1854, bringing a small stock into the little shop now occu- pied by a gansmith, east of J. L. Williams' residence. At this time there were only seven respectable build- ings ; a weekly mail, often delayed, and no mode of transit except across the horrible sloughs. But with prophetic foresight, these merchants struggled on, be- lieving in the future of Marshall county. Mr. Willi- grod promised his wife when they drove into the little hamlet that she would see the cars in ten years. Sure enough, in nine years they whistled through a city. Mr. Pratt became discouraged, and left. A Mr. Young 92 IOWA. came in the fall and sold a few goods in tlie building once occupied by Mrs. Holt as a millinery shop. Mr. Enos Hoes, previous to this, built the first frame store, at Dr. Cummin2:s' corner. All the lumber and nails of the building were brought from Eock Island. In partnership with him, was his brother. Job C. Hoes, of Chicago, and after trading awhile they sold out to C. B. Straight. Selling on credit, it was a matter of some doubt whether merchandising would be a success in the long run. Mr. Webster, we will remark, was buying and selling real estate this same fall. Considerable emi- gration came into the county and town. Mr. West- cott, from Maine, one of the pioneers, bought three acres of Mr. Webster, also a little house of Charley Smith. In the fall, the house now occupied by S. S. Miller, was built by Mr. Yeamans, and Mr. Utz's present home ; the frame buildings now numbered eighteen, all told. As the rivalry with Marietta was constantly kept up, and the stakes set here for a county seat by the bosh commissioners, the spires and turrets of another Chicago rose before these energetic and ambitious men. Mr. Andrews, Mr. Crowder and some others, who have gone away since this season we have noted, played quite an important part in the early growth of our city. We do not know the exact time, but Mr. John Kelly built the shoe store now occupied by G. W. Peet, and had quite an establishment for early times. Mr. Hoes, as we have intimated, got tired of selling goods, and sold to Mr. Straight, who, in company with old Mr. Rice, had built the two-story frame, a little west, and had a small town hall above, where dancing parties often met, singing classes held jubilees, and the Musquaquas had pow-wows. In time this building changed hands into the pos- session of Mr. M. Anson, who filled up with liquors MARSHALL COUNTY. 93 and groceries. Mr. Willigrod built a store between the corner and this, now owned by David Woods ; he had also drugs and patent medicines, sold dry goods, too, and Dr. Glick coming soon after, we hear of the firm of GLICK & WILLIGROD, In 1856. They were very genial and pleasant in their business relations, and from small beginnings have amassed fine fortunes, and occupy a prominent position in society. Dr. Glick practiced medicine in the city in early times, but, it seems, did not like the pro- fession and was appointed postmaster, holding the posi- tion for some years. He is also our school fund commis- sioner; and without doubt has the most artistically arranged drug store in the State. One could easily imbibe all sorts of vile nostrums amid so much beauty and taste. After Dr. Glick went into the drug store, Mr. Willigrod associated with him Mr. Louis Willi- gi'od, also from Mansfield, Ohio, and was found in the first brick building on the north side of the public square, built by him at considerable cost. In the year 1854, Mr. Wells Eice took the dry goods store of Mr. Hoes and sold goods on Dr. Cummings' corner, then the center of the town. Calico was a "bit per yard." "Bit a yard," inquired an Eastern lady at this time, " What kind of an animal is a bit, Mr. Eice ? " The Hawkeye merchant, with great boii hommie^ explained that a "bit," in commercial par- lance, was a shilling. But Mr. Eice has grown wealthy, selling calicoes at " a bit a yard." But we will cross the street from the Cummings' block, and in the little building, west of Bishop's blacksmith shop, had we looked into the large windows just eleven years ago, w^e might have seen Mr. Joseph Smith, now a merchant of Eldora, selling boots and shoes of his own manufacture, and a few from Iowa City of Eastern make. 94 IOWA. DAVID E. PAKRET, Now one of the directors of the National Bank, and a successful merchant, sold goods in a little building since used as a stable. It was westward from Mr. Smith's shoe store, and then on the fashionable side of the street. " West End " was once the center of trade, but after Mr. Woodbury built his brick block and the Court House was finished, the star of empire in Marshall- town business rose where all other stars do, in the east, though there may be a retrocession when Mr. Rice finishes his new brick bloek. We will mention, en passant^ that Mr. Ambruster had a shoe store also at the West End. In the old stone shop where Mr. Dean works in paints and oils, delved as the first blacksmith, a Mr. Hill, who has gone to the " other shore." Dr. Bissell was the first practicing physician, hav- ing come to Marshalltown in 1853. He was shot some years ago by a Mr. Coble, through jealousy. There were some grounds for the homicide, and Coble served a few years in the State prison and then went into the army. Esq. Gregg is claimed as the senior lawyer, and barring some errors in politics is an honor to the bar, and an excellent citizen. Dr. Taylor came about the same time, and the two boarded at the Marshall House as chums and fellow bachelors. After Mr. Rice built the Marshall House, which, by the way, has received several additions to the original structure, he rented to Mr. Morrison of Michigan, who kept the hotel sometime, then sold to Mr. L. Anson, and he sold again to Mr. H. D. Ranney in 1859. Mr. Ranney came to Iowa, however, in 1857, and built the store now occupied by Mr, East as fur- niture rooms. It was all prairie eastward for a mile, and the ladies when they shopped could study land- scape views also. MARSHALL COUNTY. . 95 Mr. Kanney's father came afterward with his fam- ily ; also, Mr. Leach, a brother-in-law, a very success- ful merchant. Mr. East, another brother-in-law, came later, in 1862 ; he has been of great help in the church and society. We cannot refrain from adding a word for his worthy lady who accomplished so much at the State Fair here. J. M. Sherwood, Esq., came about the year. 1857, also, and is well known as a pleasant, wealthy lawyer, giving generously to all public and private charities — his lady gracing the splendid Gothic residence on the east side of the public square. And Dr. Bunce seeing the community needed another physician, came the next year after Dr. Glide. He had a large practice, often riding twenty-five miles over the prairies. Mr. Gettings, from Castalia, Ohio, also added to the energy and activity of business in Marshalltown. And as we gossip of the pioneers further, we will notice Mr. James Hambel, who opened a grocery, and was in the stock and grain trade for a good many years. He came in the year 1857. MR. S. LACY, Long one of the most useful members of the Meth- odist Episcopal church, came to Iowa in 1866 and set- tled on a farm, now owned by Mr. Pontius. There •was a cabin, but Mr. Lacy not liking to till the soil left the farm and came to Marshalltown in the sum- mer, and was soon after, we believe, in company with Mr. Utz, in a grocery. Mrs. Lacy the acknowledged leader of the haul ton taught the first select school in the village, and a very good " school marm " she made, too, the citizens val- uing her services highly in that direction. Mr. Chester Heald came earlier, in 1855 ; and it is almost superfluous to speak of many of these promi- 96 IOWA. Dent and useful citizens, they are so well known for every virtue. Mr. William Johnson is another good man, one of the first blacksmiths in the city — has grown wealthy in working at the forge. Mr. Levi Page who buckled the first harness together for our markts, now at the head of an extensive establish- ment, came here in 1857. The next year. Dr. Statler, from Mansfield, Ohio, went into partnership with John Wasson, Esq., in a drugstore — the first in town. They occupied the building now used by Duguid & Fuller. About this time came John Fisher and opened a dry goods store soon after he became a citizen. Mr. Fisher had a good deal of public spirit in connection with churches and schools, although he was a little arbitrary in matters of opinion. He was very upright in his dealing with his fellow men and filled the office of Mayor at one time. Mr. T. Hopkins from New York came here in 1857 and rented the Union House from Mr. Rice, then opened a shoe shop. He was a good workman and an honest man in every sense of the word. Domestic troubles shortened his useful life and he died mostly of a broken heart, much regretted by all. Mr. Nelson Smith, his son-in-law, was a pleasant, genial citizen ; he died soon after Mr. Hopkins. Mr. Hogle kept a grocery these times, and was quite useful in the church and society. The Forneys came later, in 1858, we believe, and have added much to the energy of our city. Jerry, the inimitable caterer for the public tables of our citizens, who never had an enemy but plenty of friends, must not be overlooked in this connection, for he is too closely identified in the history of feast- ing and dancing — of wassail and song. He also had a harness shop some years ago, and now is in an exten- sive produce business. Mr. Webster, in the summer of 1856, sold a great MARSHALL COUNTY. 97 many lots and laid the foundation of his large fortune during that time. Marshalltown had, perhaps, the greatest accession of population this year than any other 5^ear in her history, excepting since the war. The next 3'ear, Mr. William Smith, an Englishman, laid out quite a garden and nurserj^, to supply the town with vegetables and fruit. New comers were welcomed then, for every one counted against Marietta, so Miles Eice is reported to have said. There was no gradation yet in social rank ; all were neighbors, friends. Mrs. J. M. Sherwood brought the first piano to the village, which epoch was marked by a profound sensation. Mr. John Utz came in 185 fi ; had a grocery, one of the best in the place. He was a prominent member of the Lutheran church. Mr. Utz is now at the head of one of the finest marble manufacturing establish- ments in the West. His monument to the lamented Deloss is a splendid affair, made of the purest Italian marble, and will cost nearly a thousand dollars. In 1858 came Mi*. George Weille from Illinois, and while waiting for the roads to get better to continue a journe}^, was induced to remain in the new town and opened the first jewelry store. Since that time, in company with Messrs. Gettings, Beckwith ^nd others, he went to Colorado and amassed a splendid fortune in mining claims, buildings, etc. Mr. Weille and his charmins^ wife who came from merrie Euoland, will be sadl}^ missed as they go to their mountain home across the Nebraska. As one strolled down Main street in the summer of 1858, he would not see all the faces then that we study there now. Many have emigrated to Colorado and other mining countries, the war took the bravest and the best, while a few, careworn and furrowed, yet plod on in the treadmill of business. Mr, William Bremmer who divided the honors of County Surveyor with Thomas Mercer, Esq., of Marietta, is one of these 9 98 IOWA. last mentioned. He is still seen with bis compass and chain in our streets. HOX. H. C. HENDERSON, Who ably represented this county in the State Senate for two sessions of the legislature, came also about this time. Mr. Henderson is a brother to Brig. Gen. Henderson of Knox county, Illinois; is of good stock, and has been connected with so many public enter- prises of the county, that his history is intimately interwoven with it. The Methodist Episcopal church, the temperance reform, all benevolent and Christian charities, are indebted to Mr. Henderson for a ready assistance. He is a lawyer of great ability, ofttimes elo- quent, but is generally sought after in counsel, because of his spotless reputation as to honesty, etc. Mr. Calvin W. Taft, now the owner of the splendid nursery started by Mr. Woodbury, came earlier, in the summer of 1854. Mr. Taft brought from the Western Eeserve, (the land of cheese-tubs and abolitionists) that earnest love of freedom which characterizes the Buckeye Yankees. Mr. T. w^as Justice before Mr. Yeamans, who, by the way, made an excellent officer both in church and state. Perry C. Holcomb also came from the Eeserve and owned the first hardware store, in the building now occupied by M. Eosenbaum. Mr. Holcomb was young then, and has established a good business, is quite wealthy, and with his agreeable wife, is found among the elite of the city. Mi\ E. Brooks, our capable and efficient chief marshal on public occasions, came in 1856, if we mistake not. He is a graceful equestrian for a man of his 3^ears. We wish we had space for a more length- ened sketch of the old settlers. Of-- MARSHALL COUNTY. 99 HON. G. M. WOODBURY Came to Marslialltown in 1854, from Peoria, Illinois, and moved into an old building now occupied by Rev. Mr. Dunton, although it has been completely renovated since. This house had but two rooms ; there were no lumber or shingles to be got, so Mr. Woodbury put on a cloth roof. Mr. Pratt and family coming into the town, and having no house, it was arranged that they should take one of the rooms, leaving small quarters for either household. A pleasing incident occurred soon after their arrival at their new home. So many settlers coming in, the supply of provisions was less than the demand, but some enterprising farmer below, had brought in a wagon load of slaughtered hogs ; Mr. Woodbury bought three, but on bringing them home, where should he put them? He was in a worse quandary than the man who bought the elephant ! no cellar, woodshed, meat-house or barn. Finally, Mrs. W. pro- posed the old joiner's bench that lay out of doors — place them in it, heads and points, and cover with the wagon sheet, which all emigrants had at the time. Often in the winter, the wolves would come in the night for a snack, notwithstanding the formidable whizzing of an old rifle that Frederick and John (sons of Mr. Woodbury) kept standing by the bed- post. When the family wanted meat, they were obliged to whack off with an ax the frozen slices. John Woodbury made the model, about one foot in length, of the first steam engine ever made in the Iowa valley, working industriously under the canvas roof, with such light only as came through the cloth. He should have taken place beside Watt and other youth- ful geniuses who have wrought like the Cyclops of old, to forge thunderbolts in solitude and alone. But we wish, more particularly, to speak of his honored father, who has done more than any other man to 100 IOWA. develop tlie resources of Marshall Count}^, and, in fact, for a long way up the Iowa valley. He built the fifst grist mill, just north of Marshalltown ; the people being obliged to go to Cedar Rapids or Oskaloosa to mill, and when we consider the dreadful condition of the roads in early times, we may appreciate something of the favor that was conferred on the inhabitants by the establishment of this enterprise. Any failure of the " grist " brought corn boiled in the grain for bread, or else pounded in a mortar for that purpose. He afterwards built mills at Xenia and Alden on the Iowa river, just over tlie Hardin line, and sold flour to gro- cers and others "on tick," supplying the whole north- western part of the State for some years. On his rounds for collection of these flour bills and other business, he relates a funny scene in which his lady and himself were actors. Mrs. Woodbury accompa- nied him through a trip, and on coming to Owl Lake, in Wright county, they found a slough that looked dubious, but Mr. W. thought it could be crossed with- out much trouble. He had a single horse and buggy ; after going a little way, down went the horse and vehicle into the mud and water. Here was a fix, no passing team, no house within five or six miles. Pretty soon Mr. W. succeeded in getting the horse unharnessed, and as every one knows, he never turns hackwsird, in due time the animal found himself on firm ground in the right direction. Next, the baggage was landed safely on the other side. Mr. Woodbury having removed his coat and boots, was by this time in good working condition. Then, how to get the wife across ! Finally, after much coaxing she was carried over, papoose fashion, upon the broad shoulders of her doughty knight, and then to crown the after- noon's work, he placed himself between the shafts of the buggy and drew it across in triumph, j^retty well exhausted by that time. MARSHALL COUNTY. 101 But, perhaps, with the court house enterprise, Mr. W. showed as much backbone as anywhere in his career. After the election of 1856 it was thought best to build a town hall, with vaults, jnrj box, and county offices, so that if " the majority " could be pre- vailed upon to vote for Marshalltown as the county seat, everything would be ready for occupancy, and call it a court house. Every citizen of the village was asked to help ; some gave but ten dollars and that in work. The financial crash of 1857 coming on made matters worse. But the pertinacious " never- give-up" Mr. Woodbury, with Kice, Dr. Glick and Anson, kept to work, rolled up their sleeves, and used the hammer and saw with the workmen. Borrowing eight hundred dollars of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and with their subscription paper, they soon had the building on its foundations before Marietta was aware of the project. And w^hen the flxrmers came into town to trade, many helped tend mason a little time, or drew a load of brick, ete. How handsomely the voters of the right stripe were treated ! Many a calico dress, and packages of tobacco, dried apples, and tea, found their way into the homes of the faithful — to Marshalltown. When the summer swallows came to build their nests in the May-time of 1858 the eaves were ready, and the temple of Justice lifted its portals for the Court to enter at its May term, Judge Thompson pre- siding, had the majesty of the law been maintained by Marietta. But it was mainly in connection with the early exten- sion of the Cedar Eapids Eailroad that Marshall County has great need of gratitude to Mr. Woodbury. It w^as due to his energy and the liberality of our citizens, that the line was extended so near the city, and came to suchj rapid completion after the project was talked of by capitalists. At the time of the pre- liminary survej^, he raised a subscription (to carry 102 IOWA. forward the enterprise) of seven hundred dollars, some of whicli was given in sums of twenty-five cents. It yvixs tlie widow's mite, for many were poor but extremely anxious the road should be built. Some would have scorned the help of twenty-five cent men — not so Mr. Woodbury. The survey was made, and he was elected vice-president and director of the road, and held these important offices for four years, when he resigned after seeing the line built through the county. Mr. AYoodbury donated freely for a survey of the Marshalltown, Newton and Pella Eailroad, to be built through the Chicauqua and Iowa "divides," but the project has not met with success. Not only in rail- roads, banks, mills, and factories, but in the benefi- cent charities of the day, we honor the subject of this sketch. Mr. W. was elected one of the earl}^ trustees of the Orphans' Home, and through his influence we had the credit of the State Fair in 1865. The churches of Marshalltown have all received tokens of his generos- ity, and in many instances the lowly and destitute have appealed to his aid and he has not been slow in response. About the time of finishing the court house, the enterprise called into existence the first organization of ladies, governed by their own officers, and named THE BELL SOCIETY. They met afternoons at private houses, and had a good time with their sewing and chit-chat. Mrs. S. Lacy was elected president, Mrs. Chester Heald, sec- retary, Mrs. P. C. Holcomb, treasurer, and Mrs. Lizzie Smith, corresponding secretary. We suppose the latter office was filled for the purpose of obtaining a bell by correspondence, at Troy, or some other place where they were manufactured. Mrs. Smith says. MARSHALL COUNTY. 103 however, the correspondence connected with the Society, was not very " hefty." We hear of a little gossip from their chatting, that has floated down from the past, which we will write down for them to laugh over to-day. One of their number had been raised in Baltimore and not being acquainted with garden truck in its normal condition, took a hoe and went out to get some cucumbers. She returned to the house wdiere she was boarding, and reported a woful lack of cucumbers, for she had dug up three hills and could not find a single one ! She sup- posed they grew like potatoes ! The members of this society paid five dollars fine if the hostess had more than one kind of cake or fruit for supper. Quite a premium on hospitality in those days. At one of the literary societies which had an ex- istence about this time, Mrs. Lacy read an essay on the prospects of the growing city. She also avowed the purpose of the ladies to help finish the court house in time for the election, that is, they would use hammer and nails, planes and saws, upon the temple of Justice. It was Juno nerving Eurystheus to diffi- cult labors. Mr. "Woodbury took them at their word, and ordered them out on Monday to take their places with the volunteer workmen. We are painfully con- scious of Mr. Woodbury's want of sagacity, which has always marked his career, with this exception. Had he named any other day but Monday, the ladies would have generously responded to the call, for the ladies then did not scruple to overlook the wash-tub. The result was, but a few responded. After this, when the public square was to be fenced, they enclosed three sides, buying all the lumber, nails, etc. ; and in carrying on their enterprises, they had 104 IOWA. TAMBOS, As tliey were called by a Marshall lady tlirougli some inadvertence of memory. "Tambos!" " Tambos !" slie repeated, " Are tliey good to eat ? " Many liad never seen tableaux and knew nothing of scenic effect, and pious people in the churches talked of the rigors of dis- cipline if they were repeated, denouncing them as au in- cipient theatre. A large fund was raised from the enter- tainment, and it passed off pleasantly to all concerned. An incident occurred just before the performance began. Mr. Wasson in arranging the curtains was behind them, and a light showed him full length, with his hair sticking up as if in need of a pair of shears. ^' Tambos, Number 1," whispered Pete Hep- burn to a lady ; as the head kept bobbing from side to side like a jumping jack, the candles being in just the right position to make a really laughable scene Mr. Wasson, now one of our dignified merchants and a perfect gentleman, perhaps may have forgotten his role in the performance. In 1858, came Mr. M. Rosenbaum, one of our fore- most business men, and an excellent critic in litera- ture and art, and with his intelligent lady made quite an addition to the circle of friendly intercourse and enjoyment He was from Mansfield, Ohio. His wife died a few years ago, and he has since married a lady from the sunnj^ South, of most agreeable manner and charming ways. Wcj must not overlook a brave soldier, that served three years in the army, and has done what he could for the Church — Mr. A. L. Yertz. He married a step-daughter of Mr. John Smith, who was quite an old settler, and lived on the Taft place, as it is now called. He is Judge Smith's father, and came here about 1852. In the fall of 1859, the market for grain was so depressed — corn worth only ten cents per bushel — MARSHALL COUNTY. 105 that Mr. Woodbury concluded to start a distillery to relieve the farmers. In October, he sent to Dubuque, by Mr. G. Hartwell, his engineer and master workman, for his castings. On reaching Union Grove, near the northeast corner of the county, he slipped accidentally under his wagon which was heavily loaded with flour, and was fatally injured, so that he died in a day or two after the occurrence. He left a widow with six little children to buffet w^ith western life. But admi- rably Mrs. H, has performed her duties, as every citizen can testify. Mr. Woodbury only kept the dis- tillery in operation about a year, we are glad to record, and there has never been another here. METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The pioneer church planted her standards early in the county, and the itinerant was seen with his Bible and saddle-bags, soon after the sound of the swinging ax and hum of bees marked the presence of the hardy emigrant. In 1851, Kev. Mr. Corkhill, and Kev. S. Dunton, familiarly called Father Dunton, occupied the Iowa City pulpit, but being aware of the needs of Central Iowa for missionary work. Father Dunton was persuaded to undertake the enterprise of founding the Marshall Mission. Late one night he reached a cabin on Linn Creek occupied by Mr. Ealls, chilled and hungry by his long ride. After enjoying Mr. R's hospitality, he attempted to go onward to Marietta, but after traveling perhaps twenty miles and trying to cross the creek, the high water having swung the only bridge from its position, he was obliged to return to Iowa City until a more favorable opportunity. Late in the spring he came back and organized a class or rather the first church in Marshall county, at the Mr. Griffiths we have already mentioned, at the corner of Le Grand. We think there were ten persons in the class. Afterward, about 1853) he organized another 10 ^. 106 low^. class, in Marshalltown, at the school-room in a house owned by Christopher Ford, and when the infant church was moved into the frame school-house, now used as the primary department of the public school, it fell under the care of Eev. Mr. Armstrong. But its progress was slow, and in the spring of 1857 it num- bered only thirty members. Alas I too many asso- ciate their worship with the splendid frescoes, the rich music of the organ, the eloquent tones of the preacher, forgetting that He is near, even in the small crowded room with rude pulpit and benches ; yet the early Methodists had nothing of this. It was for a later age to find out that there is an aristocracy among the follow- ers of the humble carpenter and fishermen of Galilee ; that to turn up their noses at the representatives of these humble trades, is better than to wash the disciples' feet at His command. How Barbara Heck and Mrs. Fletcher would sigh to walk up the aisles of some of our fashionable churches I But we return to the days of Eev. Mr. Stewart, and the quaint, yet forcible Br. Shinn, who was once appointed temporary chaplain of the House of Repre- sentatives. We insert the prayer upon that occasion. " Great God, bless the young and growing State of Iowa, bless her senators and representatives, bless her State officers, give us a sound currency, pure water, and undefiled religion, for Christ's sake. Amen." Then we hear of Rev. Mr. Babcock in 1859 ; after- ,ward Rev. K Truesdall who went in 1861 as Chaplain to the Second Iowa Cavalry. At the time of his pas- torate there was a great deal of dissension and bitter feeling, many were suspended, and it was an hour of deep gloom. The town had borrowed their building fund, so it was necessary to meet in the court house, the school room being too small. The Upper Iowa Conference met there in 1861, Bishop Scott presiding, who always seemed to us a representative of St. John, so sweet and mild is he in his manner to the brethren. MARSHALL COUNTY. 107 In this conference year, the pastoral mantle fell upon Rev. Mr. Fuller, a popular preacher, and Rev. J. Ran- kin was presiding elder. In September, 1862, Rev. Mr. Thompson was appointed for a year, and the church very slowly made headway agamst the hosts of darkness, and not till the second year of the good Br. Rankin as pastor, did the noble old church come from under the cloud, " fair as the sun, clear as the moon, and terrible as an army with banners." They, at this time, finished and furnished the chapel commenced in 1861, and since, under the ministrations of Rev. Mr. Kendig, and the gifted, scholarly Prof Fellows, the church has taken her place in the front of the battle, having a good choir and organ, a mem- bership of 180, pays a salary of $1,200 per annum to the clergyman, besides donating largely to charitable objects. There is a Dorcas Society connected with the church, Mrs. M. A. Boardman, president, and Miss M. Hickox, secretary. CAMP MEETING. The first camp fires ever built by the Marshall Mis- sion flamed through the forest near Griffith's mill on Timber creek. Here, with no rustling silks or "jew- els' shine," the old-fashioned Methodists from far and near, met in prayer and praise. Father Dun ton took the lead and with another worthy brother carried on a very good work, with nothing to mar their sweet enjoy- ment of Christian love and duty. The Methodist Episcopal Church in Marshall county has a membership of nearly eight hundred, five cir- cuits with efficient pastors, and a parochial care of Sabbath Schools and " classes " at different points. Rev. J. S. Edwards, a young local preacher of great revival influence, has organized several classes and does glorious work in the vineyard of the Lord. 108 IOWA. A NEW SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH AYas organized in 1858, and met in the court house, with Rev. N. Gordon as pastor. There was a little handful of the members — only nine. Mrs. Gerhart, a member of the Dutch Reformed Church, gave in her letter to make the number ecclesiastically complete. Mr. Gordon was a good man, right on the essential question of slavery which then agitated all religious bodies, but was not popular as a sensation preacher, and he remained only a year or so. Mr. John Fisher and IST. Gillespie were the iirst deacons. Alter Mr. Gor don left, President Geiger of the Albion College preached occasionally, until 1862, when Rev. Mr. Deloss came to the town on a visit, and was prevailed upon to remain and minister to the wants oi the church. And nobly he responded to the call, urged a closer union in spiritual matters, and the erection ot a church structure ; he then appealed to every citizen of Mar- shalltown to give something to help lay its founda- tion and build thereon. He succeeded admirably, and the result was, that this church has one of the finest edifices in the State. Beautifully frescoed and painted, warmed by furnaces and lit by splendid chan- deliers, a good organ and choir, and a flourishing Sab- bath School, with only a small debt to detract from its financial success. Mr. and Mrs. Gettings were among its first members, and still mingle with a large and fashionable congre- gation. Mrs. Gerhart is not living. Mr. Deloss did not live to see the end of his great work, and after a long and painful illness, just as the sun was tinting with its evening glories the spires and roof of his loved church, he sank to rest, praying sadly and sweet, "Thy will be done." We never shall forget his masterly effort at the death of the martyred Lincoln ; the pure diction, the forcible language, all told the orator, the patriot and the Chris- MARSHALL COUNTY. 109 tian. It was nearly his last public effort ; worn down with anxieties for the church and nation, his vigorous nature sank under it, and he sleeps in the cemetery that he was mainly instrumental in beautifying and ornamenting as befitting a burial place for the dead in our midst. The church is now under the pastoral care of Eev. Mr. Kellogg, a man ably fitted to fill the place of the lamented Deloss. The church building was commenced in 1863 and finished in 1865. LUTHERAN CHURCH. We may state that this organization is connected with that of Albion, generally, alternating public ser- vice with them. Prof. Geiger preached here, also the eloquent Schaeffer, the Eev. Messrs. Sternberg and Fair, and latterly the very classical Rev. W. Lepley. Their church building was commenced in 1861, the first in the city, but was not finished until 1864. It saw a deal of financial trouble, but by the united eftbrt of Mr. Schaeffer and people it was nearly cleared from debt at its dedication in January, 1865. It saw great prosperity while under his guidance, but dissensions creeping in very stealthily at first, they are now without pastor or choir, and have rented their beautiful church to the BAPTISTS, Who were organized here in 1863 with sixteen mem- bers, meeting for worship at the court house, and Woodbury's Hall. Rev. Mr. Willy first, then Rev. N. Holmes from Webster City, have been the pastors of this church. They have a membership of over seventy, a splendid edifice in process of erection, which will be finished the coming season, and a Sab- bath School of sixty scholars. 110 IOWA. DISCIPLES CHURCH, Sometimes called the Campbellite Baptists, have been holding meetings for two years in the court house, Eev. M. W. McCondell, pastor. Their Sabbath School numbers fifty pupils, and the membership is constantly increasing in numbers and influence. UNIVEESALISTS. Claiming for their peculiar tenets the broad and liberal idea of the Fatherhood of God and brother- hood of man, and a practical Christianity — theirs is the oldest church in the city. They have no place of worship, excepting in the town hall of Mr. Wood- bury, but have purchased a lot and intend to build soon. Their minister. Rev. J. P. Sanford, who has just returned from a journey to the Holy Land, with sandals wet by the sacred waters of the Jordan, will be a power to help them in the erection of a suitable church edifice for the wants of a large and wealthy organization. MITE SOCIETIES, ETC. Every church in the city has the above connected with them, mostly sustained by the energies of the ladies, the proceeds being used as a contingent fund. The meetings of these societies are very pleasant and agreeable, especially to strangers, as we have many coming in. The Masons number about ninety. Odd Fellows, sixty-five, and the Good Templars, now battling against the enemy under the third organization, have a membership of seventy-five, with Mr. J. Roe as w. c. THE PRESS. As we have already mentioned the incidents con- nected with the establishing of the press at Albion and MARSHALL COUNTY. Ill Marietta, making obeisance to Prof. Wilson as the senior editor, we take up the thread of history where the Iowa Central was removed to Marshalltown, ap- pearing under the name of the Marshall County Times, with Hon. H. C. Henderson and Dr. Taylor as editors. This was in 1860. In the summer of 1862, Chapin & Co. bought the old Marietta Express office, and pub- lished, in Mr. John Fisher's block, a journal under the name of the Iowa Yalley News. This office burned down at the time of the great fire in the building. Previous to this, Mr. R H. Barnhart being the pub- lisher of the Times, sold out to Mr. W. H. Gallup, who appeared as both editor and publisher. After the fire. Messrs. Chapin & Co. bought out the aforesaid Times, and with the remnant of his last enterprise, started out like the fabled Phoenix into the sunshine of popular favor under the name of the Marshall County Times and News, in 1863. In connection with this weekly. Judge Ed. Rice started a daily, but after three months of existence it died out. Messrs. Carlton and Howard, partners of Chapin, went into the army in Capt. Woodbury's Company, leaving the Chapin to go on alone without the Co. In the summer of 1864, Barnhart Bros, established the Marshall County Expositor, a democratic paper, which was published with a moderate degree of suc- cess through a period of a year and six months. Mr. Gallup repurchased the Times office, but in a short time sold to J. J. Britton, Esq., of Springfield, III, who again sold the unlucky elephant after an ownership of seven weeks and sinking over three hundred dollars, having bought both Times and Ex- positor offices, and published under the name of the Marshalltown Union. The irrepressible Chapin came to Mr. Britton's rescue, t'lking the place of Prof T. Clarke upon the tripod,, who went to Chicago and w^as afterward known as the 112 IOWA. author of " Sir Copp." Chapin associated with him George Barnhart; the firm soon doubled the subscrip- tion list of the re-baptized Times, and in the summer of 1865, they sold to H. C. Henderson, and after a year of successful management, the office passed into the hands of C. Aldrich, Esq. and H. Welsh of Web- ster City, and the Times waves its banners still tri- umphant, with the largest circulation of any county paper in the State. Messrs. Gregg (our senior lawyer), and Carlton, are publishing a neat reliable democratic journal, on the north side of the public square, yclept the Marshall County Advance — an excellent local sheet. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. Tliis organization is of recent date, but embraces some of the most influential citizens in the county. Hon. Thomas Mercer is president, and Hon. E. H. Chapin, secretary. Messrs. Woodbury and Aldrich have offered magnificent premiums in connection with this society. There is also a Young Men's Christian Association in progress, with Hon. H. W. Henderson as president, and J. A. Mabie, secretary. A fine debating club is in existence, whereof Mr. Ed. Boardman is the presiding officer, we believe. There is, too, a literary association with Prof. Wilson at its head, that has been of great benefit to the citi- zens of Marshalltown in introducing citizens from abroad, and in discussions of the questions that agitate society, they have been ably met by the members. AID SOCIETIES. After the war broke out and the soldiers needed sanitary supplies, there was a society organized in October, 1861, to aid the brave " boys in blue." MARSHALL COUNTY. 113 Mrs. M. Rosenbaum was chosen president, and Miss Sarah Jane Howell, secretary. This was kept np under different officers for several years and was rather merged into the Orphans' Home Fair Society that was organized in May, 1865. This is so recent we have no space for its whole history, and will just note, that there was a great deal of hard work done, and all wrought as much as they were able. Perhaps the costliest present that any one lady gave, was the silk bed quilt presented by Mrs. J. M. Sherwood, which netted one hundred and thirty dollars. The whole proceeds of the Orphans' Home Fair at Marshalltown was sixteen thousand dollars. As the years rolled on, almost every enterprise here has received an impetus from the white hand of woman. In aiding churches, schools, fairs, and the different societies for the freedmen and soldiers, she has borne an honorable part. Much of the labor of Sabbath Schools is performed by the ladies in getting up entertainments, fairs, etc., for their benefit. There are over thirtj^ schools in the county, and that of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in Marshalltown, being the largest, numbers over two hundred and fifty pupils. It is supposed that there are nearly a thousand chil- dren in the Sabbath Schools of Marshall county. CELEBRATION OF CEDAR RAPIDS AND MISSOURI RAIL- ROAD. In March, 1863, the track being finished to Marshall- town, her citizens proposed to entertain the world, and Chicago in particular, to the best they had for good cheer, and with unbounded hospitalit}^ There was a grand supper at Woodbury's Hall, toasts were drank, speeches made, and all were brim full of hilarity and joy at the completion of the line. Among other things said, the Hon. H. C. Henderson reported, " that the cattle along the line had grown fat since the road was 114 IOWA. built, the ladies were prettier, and the corn had prom- ised to 'grow one hundred bushels to the acre' the coming season.' " The Chicago representatives seemed delighted with the attentions paid them, and they returned the com- pliment by giving our citizens the freedom of the Garden City in a great measure. The following poem, composed and sung by Prof. Heighton, was an interesting feature of the celebration : Hurrah! for the age of progression, Of telegraphs, printing and steam, Success to each lawful profession, Especially those worked by steam. There's a price for the old farmer's turnips, A smile in his truth-beaming eye As he bids you a welcome " good morning," For he knows that the station is nigh. The merchant, the priest and mechanic, The doctor and lawyer, also; Each walks, thinks, and acts much faster, Eor the engine has got them in tow. Then join the bounding chorus. And let the echo be: The anvil, plow and engine — The friends of liberty. It was a source of gratification to all concerned that the pioneer road of Central Iowa was so soon to be linished, for it gave a great impetus to trade, as it was many miles in advance of any other line in the State towards the Missouri. Mr. Woodbury, Dr. Gliclv, Mr. W. Eice and H. Anson, with other promi- nent citizens, some who had given twenty-five cent subscriptions, all met in joyful conclave at the comple- tion of the enterprise. In the matter of celebrations, we take leave of the subject, by saying that our citizens were as happy as MARSHALL COUNTY. 115 any in the republic at the taking of Richmond. Dr. Glick remarked, " I am full of glory ;" Chapin said, " My heart is too full for utterance ;" and the lamented Del OSS made one of the most eloquent speeches ever delivered in Marshall county. The whole town was on the sidewalk, congratulating each other — flags blos- somed on every sign-post, and at the eaves of mansion and hut ; and to have a friend in the army or wearing the " blue " at home, was a matter of deep joy and gratitude. A PILGRIMAGE From the Iowa river to the sacred Jordan, with all the fatigues, anxieties, and dangers from storms, Bedouins, and Italian banditti, has been successfully accom- plished by the Rev. J. P. Sanford of Marshalltown, the Universalist clergyman ; he also made a visit to the pyramids, and the sites of the ancient Thebes and Memphis of Egypt On the 16th and 17th of May, 1867, the " Holy Palmer " as he would have been termed in the days of the crusades, gave to the citizens of Marshalltown his impressions of Europe and Asia, which he traveled over, and the incidents of his journey to the interest- ing and sacred spots where the world's grandest history has been enacted. The tour was performed in the short space of one hundred and twenty-five days. The lectures were a rare treat to all present, as Mr. Sanford has fine descriptive powers, a voice of great flexibility and sweetness, and a genuine en- thusiasm consonant with the hallowed theme, when speaking of the Holy Land. Space forbids us to mention all the rare and curious relics which he obtained upon his pilgrimage and exhibited to the audience. We saw antique vases and lamps from the chambers of the pyramids, scarabses, and shreds of cerements that wrapped the mummies of three thou- sand years ago ; olive berries and cedar from the hills 116 IOWA. of Judea, and shells from the shores of blue Galilee, which may have been pressed by the hallowed feet of the dear Christ eighteen centuries since, not forgetting the water from the sacred Jordan, and Dead Sea, which were all genuine, beyond doubt. We thank Mr. San- ford most devoutly for making this pilgrimage, as a representative of Iowa, to the old world. A few more incidents connected with the gentle- man's career will be interesting to our readers. Mr. Sanford was born in Seneca, K Y., in 1832, conse- quently he is thirty-five years of age. At the early age of nine, he lost his mother and was " bound out " three years, and upon his father marrying again, his indentures were canceled and he returned to the home-nest. But there arose " an unpleasantness," he Nashyly remarks, and after a sound thrashing, he seeks his fortune in the West Indies, Mexico, South Amer- ica and the Southern States. After years of wandering he places his pilgrim feet upon Iowa soil, studies for the ministry and becomes a beloved pastor of the Universalist Church. During the war he was made lieutenant, and captain in the Second Iowa Cavalry, also a Colonel in the Forty-Seventh Iowa Infantry. In the summer of 1865, he traveled over Europe and the British Isles, and in the past winter crossed the Atlantic a second time and visited the Holy Land, Egypt, etc., as we have mentioned. His lectures have been pronounced by good critics as equal to Taylor's in word-painting and poetic en- thusiasm. He should publish an account of his travels in book form for the benefit of his many friends in Iowa. The transition from word-painters to artists who paint with sunbeams, is comparatively easy as we gossip of our goodly citizens. Mr. Datesman was the first artist in Marshalltown claiming from Daguerre the principles of the art so mysterious to the early pioneers, long before the age of i MARSHALL COUNTY. 117 ambrotype, photograph, etc. What wonderful im- provements we see in the pictures of to-day and those of twelve years ago. He was not the pioneer artist of the county, that honor being worn by F. Baum, who in Marietta made life-scenes from the bronzed features of the old settlers in 1854, a year before the advent of P. Datesman in Marshall town. Mr. Baum has published a beautiful map ot Mav- shall county, giving to all a line delineation of the different groves, water- and section -lines of the town- ships. They are now associated together in art-work and do a good business in their gallery on Main street, only equaled by the Hoosier soldier, J. Lee Knight, he taking the premium at the county fair of 1865 for the finest photographs on exhibition. We have also an artist of real genius in the lithe, graceful figure of Miss C A. Shaw, who has achieved wonders on canvas without crossing the threshold of any school of design, being entirely self-taught. She has an excellent likeness of Mrs. Giddings, one of our best families, from Ohio, a relative of Hon. Joshua Giddings, '^the old man eloquent." VIENNA. Vienna township occupies the north-east corner of the county — has grove, water, prairie without stump or stone, ready for the plow-share, and with the advan- tage of a moral, intelligent people, it is one of the most desirable spots of earth to live upon. The Iowa makes a bend around the south-west corner of the township, AVolf and Dean Creeks are in the north and center, while Nicholson's heads in the south — in fact, running water in every direction for stock. Mr. Hunsden is one of the earliest settlers, and was post- master, an office he held from its establishment, — a very loyal man, having sent a whole family of sons to the Union army, two of whom were sacrificed, yet, 1 18 IOWA. like the grand old Roman, he regrets them not, so the country lives and is saved to liberty and freedom. He has splendid strawberries and currants, and the latch-string of hospitality hangs on the door in the fruit season. Mr. Cleaver, an excellent citizen, is a refugee from Canada in the time of the revolution of 1838. He was a state prisoner at Toronto eight months and then banished into exile. His two sons, James and Kim, served with distinction and valor in the army ; one of his daughters, the brown-ejed "Jessie," mar- ried Prof Heighton some years ago. His farmhouse is a pleasant resort for citizens of Marshalltown in the warm season, and many remember wdth pleasure the hours spent with music and chess, the smiles of wel- come from our hostess, and let us add, the most fragrant cup of coffee in the county. Mr. Bradbury, also one of the pioneers and an Englishman from the vicinity of Rochdale, the home of John Bright, lived here, and after opening up a new home in the West and beginning fully to appre- ciate the greatness of American institutions, fell a vic- tim to disease and crossed to the unknown shore, leaving his family comparatively strangers in the New World. There is a rude grave-yard at Wolf Creek where he was buried, with scarcely a spot of beauty but the grand old trees. We protest against the fashion, we Western people have, of doing everything for the comfort of the living and leaving our burial places without a flower to mark our affection, or sometimes a respectable fence. We place the marble there, perhaps,butwe ought to cultivate flowers, visit them often, and not be so afraid of the dear spot that enshrines the remains of the loved and lost. Near this rude cemetery lives an English gentleman by the name of Jones. He is a very successful farmer, showing what superior skill can do with our MARSHALL COUNTY. 119 rich Iowa soil to aid the agriculturist. His wife is a very pleasant hostess and the family is highly respected in the vicinity. Mr. Beeman lives near here also — a good man, having a beautiful farm. With this little digression, we return to the Brad- bury family. After the death of her husband, Mrs. Bradbury met with many diflftculties, but managed her business in an admirable manner. Her daughter coming from England, was married quite early in life to a Mr. Bowen from New York. This was the largest wedding ever held in Vienna township, but after the hilarities were over, a careless boy on the farm set a straw stack on fire, which caught the barn and burned it with other valuables. It was a great loss, but the neighbors were very kind and helped the family in every possible way. There is a very thickly settled neighborhood on Wolf creek nearh^ on the line of Vienna, which holds meetings in the school-house. They have a post office just over the line in Grundy, called Wandaloup, the Latin for wolf, so the schoolmaster said. They are obliged to go twenty miles for a physician or lawyer. If some persons practicing these professions were to settle here, it would save a good deal of travel for Wandaloup. Mr. Samuel Eichey, one of the Board of Supervisors and a very excellent citizen, lives in the southern part of Vienna. There have been revival meetings held in the school- house near here, under the superintendence of Eev. J. S. Edwards of Marshalltown, and a large class formed of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Among the prominent citizens of this township we have only space to mention a very few. Mr. Cun- ningham, Mr. Monlux, Mr. Glass, an old, yet pleasant gentleman, Mr. Walters, and others. We close with a leaf from the tablet of Vienna soldiers. 120 IOWA. Mr. David Swartwout left a little family and rallied to his country's call in the Twenty-Third Eegiment, but while home on furlough in March, 1864, died there. This was a dreadful stroke to his wife and children, and their son Augustus passed over to the " other shore " from the hospital at New Orleans the next year. Joseph Vincent, of the rank and file, who carried the old flag at Pea Eidge and was killed on the field, Hiram V. Willey, who laid down his young hopes at Shiloh, and the Hunsden boys who died in hospital, make up the list of the heroic dead. Vienna sent as many men to the army as she cast votes at the pre- vious election — the banner township ! BANGOR TOWNSHIP Lies in the great highway from Eldora to Marshall- town. Its hills rise from the drowsy Iowa, and the wild bees drone on Honey Creek. One listens to the sweet voices of Quaker girls, and the tinkle of bells in the sheep folds ; anon, a hawk circles up from the prairies, and the mists rise from the lowlands, showing the little village of BANGOR, With its unpretending churches, its rows of shade trees and cultivated gardens, old fashioned hollyhocks and sunflowers swinging under the windows ; doves and darting swallows; the whole picture so sugges- tive of real comfort, no wonder the poor darke3^s when they came from Missouri, exclaimed, " Oh ! dis is de happy land of Canaan." At one time there were a good many fugitives about the towmship, but they have mostly returned to a warmer climate. We have seen a broad-brimmed Ethiopian, of the family of Hagar and Onesimus, occasionally in the streets of Marshall- town, who it seems is a disciple of the rare, principles of George Fox. MARSHALL COUNTY. 121 There were a good many ladies here who were iden- tified with the Soldiers' Aid Society and with the Or- phans' Home Fair, who wrought faithfully and well, for they raised over a hundred dollars in this township for the Home. Among those who were on the Underground Rail- road, and a conductor on the same, was Mr. James Owens, now living at Iowa Falls ; and Mr. Lounsbury, of Hardin, sometimes gave help. The route was from College Farm, in Jasper county, to Marietta; then taking a team and driving the load onward to Bangor, among some of the good Friends, if not to Mr. Owen's. There were sharp tricks played off upon prying people, and queer disguises used to keep the poor creatures from being taken. How the world has moved in seven years ! Mr. Owens went as a missionary among the freed- men through the war, and accomplished a great deal of good among them as well as among the sick soldiers of Iowa regiments. But yet there is even among the Quakers, a long continued inherent prejudice in favor of the superior- ity of the Anglo-Saxon. In the Sunday School at Bangor, one of the colored brethren was made a teacher over white children. In spite of the teach- ings of a hundred years some of the parents remon- strated. Sister Bush, the mother of the teacher, as black as the ace of spades, rose to her feet in the congregation, and forthwith gave the brethren and sisters a severe castigation, as the spirit gave her utter- ance. She is now in Missouri. Mr. Lancaster Bell and Mr. N. Lounsbury, also Mr. Owen Albright, are old and time-honored citizens in this region. All have splendidly cultivated farms, and Mr. Albright has the finest fruit in Marshall county. His nursery is in excellent condition ; the young trees being thoroughly acclimated, are worth ten times more than importations from the East. We 11 122 IOWA. liave seen cherries of a delicious flavor and very large size from his garden, that would make the same family of May Dukes blush a deeper red in Ohio. Currants, raspberries, complexioned like Dido, strawberries^ and in fact, he raises all the small fruits in great perfection. He was very prominent in building the church at Bangor, and is a good citizen in every capacity. They have a small library and debating club in the village. Mr. W. W. Weatherly, now land agent in Marshall- town, having been sheriff' of the county and a captain in the Marietta w\ar, was, with Dr. Bush, one of the earliest settlers on the Upper Iowa river. His cabin was built not far from Mormon Kidge in the fall of 1850. He relates a melancholy incident connected with a funeral of old Mr. Dean in Marshall township a few months after, in 1851. They had not enough pine lumber to make him a coffin, and were obliged to saw up the sideboards of Mr. Weatherly 's w^agon to piece out the lid. They were not very poor, but the high water prevented the getting of lumber. It was a time of great trial to Mrs. Dean, but she bravely bore up under all her difficulties. Civilization, in its irresistible march westward, sometimes seems like a Juggernaut that crushes its victims with less conscience than the Hindoo idol, and the homesick women who pine in emigrant homes are not the least to be pitied. Mormon Ridge in this township takes its name from the fact that in 18-19 a good many of the saints, on their westward march to Salt Lake, were detained here. They dug holes in the hillside for homes, and enlarged their apartments by w^agon covers and old quilts. They must have suffered severely from cold, for there are quite a number of graves to be counted in the vicinity. Coal is seen along the edge of the river not far MARSHALL COUNTY. 123 from here, and all it needs is a steam pump to remove the water from the shaft, and this valuable mineral could be worked for market. Mr. Jacob Kinzer has lived in Bangor some years, and is well known as a good citizen and an excellent farmer. There are a number of Carolina Quakers set- tling in his neighborhood. The village of Bangor has a pleasant location. There is a store owned by Mr. J. C. Smith of Eldora, formerly of Marshalltown, a blacksmith shop, post- office, etc. Should the railroad ever be built from Eldora to Marshall, Bangor will become an important point, as it is one of the best farming regions of the West. The Methodists and Friends are about equally divided in numbers and influence ; the Sabbath Schools are in a flourishing condition. The first Justice was Mr. Siieldon Wyatt, and his few neighbors at the time, were Mr. Jessup, John Cockett, Silas IL Bentley, and his brothers. Mr. Isaac Miller, who once resided in Marietta, lives here on a good farm, and is a prominent member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church. Also a Mr. Cox lives in this vicinity, and Mr. Angus McKinnon, with his brother Lathland — good citizens. MINERYA. This township is near the Story line, and tucks its green prairies under it, with here a grove, there a farm house, presenting charming landscapes in the beauty of midsummer. We always fancied this township was named after some good woman, who dispensed her hospitalities upon some intelligent wayfarer — hence the name, for it has creeks of Little and Big Minerva — an improvement on the endless repetition of Washington, Jefterson, etc., to the plague of letter writers and postmasters in the countrj^ Mr. Elder has the honor of being the first settler in this place, 124 IOWA. having entered his land in 1851. He owned the grove that bears his name, and opened up a good farm at a very early day. He afterwards w^ent to Liberty, and is held in high estimation in this section. Mr. Daniel Stevens, near " Liberty line," was also a pioneer the same year, and Mr. Weatherly, our busy real estate agent now, broke the green sward for his garden and cornfield soon after his arrival. Mr. Weatherly was one of his nearest neighbors, living in Bangor, twelve miles distant. Mr. Patterson — of military 'presence^ both in Mexico and at Marietta — was one of the old settlers. He iden- tified himself with the new township by naming a pretty grove, "Patterson." He is now living in Davenport, and is quite wealthy. Mr. John Anselme, a Frenchman, was also a pioneer, and soon after there came quite a number of la helle countrymen and settled at the little groves and in the best portions of the township. Entering their land, and being careful and industrious, they have become as wealthy farmers as there are in the county. At the time of the Marietta war, French Grove was a good deal excited in favor of the existing capital, and hearing that Dr. Taylor, of Marshalltown, had been connected with ihe Know Nothing movement, he came very near being lynched by the wrathful citizens as he came into town on business. There are a few Germans also, who are quite intelli- gent, and have taken great pains to obtain good school teachers for the past lew years. Mr. Patterson, in 1864, sold his farm and beautiful home to Mr. S. Burkholder, who was an efficient member of the board of supervisors. His house was a great summer resort for the elite of Marshalltown, having pic-nics on his grounds — all being pleasantly entertained by the agreeable hostess and her sister. The Protestant Methodists have a little church here, which is attended by the community generally. MAKSHALL COUNTY. 125 Among the wealthy farmers, are Mr. George Wantz and Oscar Elliott. But we have not space for a further notice of this township, with the exception of CLEMENS' CORNERS. Near the Liberty line, a point well known since 1856, where the first store was built west of Marietta for a good many miles. Mr. Clemens entered the grove which bears his name, and kept a good hotel, whose gleaming fires welcomed the half frozen traveler in the dreadful winter of 1856-7. The mercury fell on the 18th of December, to thirty-six degrees below zero. There is no store now at the " Corners," we believe. The ladies shop in Bangor, Eldora, and in Marshall- town, or around a peddler's wagon. MAEION TOWNSHIP, Famous in the county war for her defective poll- books, has a very intelligent people, being settled early by Vermont Yankees. There is rich alluvial soil on the bottoms of the Iowa river, also uplands that grow immense corn, so that there is a great variety of land to select from, with plenty of water, timber, etc. Near the Marshall line lives the family of Mr. Hol- comb who came in 1856 from the Reserve, in Ohio. They had no meat-house or cellar to the cabin, so hanging their smoked shoulders and hams to the eaves, they had a dangling cornice very tantalizing to the wolves, who used to jump upon their hind feet — • circus fashion — trying to pull down the meat Mrs. Holcomb is noted for her splendid dairy. In the vicinity of Green Mountain lives Mr. Brock, a gentlemanl}^ farmer ; also Mr. Heacocks, and Spen- cer Day, Esq., who is known in this section for his line cattle. Mr. G. W. Voorhees was an early settler, and lived near Mr. Holcomb. He had a farm in an 126 IOWA. early day, and was a relative of the family at Le Grand. He remembers of sending a watermelon as a present to Mr. Holcomb's family by "Jeft'," the first year of their pioneer life, which the rascal devoured with the help of a young comrade ; — a standing joke upon the aforesaid "Jeff'" to this day. GREEN MOUNTAIN Was laid out by James Harvej^, Esq., one of our most capable business men, and once partner with Dr. Whealen of the Quaker City store. Himself a Yer- monter, and his neighbors being mostly from New England, the village soon gave signs of Yankee energy, and there is no doubt that it would have been an important point, had it not been for the financial crash of 1857, which killed the Fulton Air Line Kail- road, whose track lay nCc.r Green Mountain. This road received a land o-rant from Conofress of 800,000 acres, and had seventy miles graded, yet it is never heard of now. The grant was transferred to the Cedar Eapids road, and the result was, this village was left out in the cold. Religiously speaking, Green Mountain is Congregational. The)- have fine school houses in this vicinity, and the country is noted for its beauty, " the prettiest the sun e'er shone on," so an enthusiastic visitor said one summer evening. But we will not pause in this lovely spot, but hurry southward to FREDONIA, Another quiet village, that first set its business corners on the track of the Fulton road by the direction of A. J. Cooper, Esq. It found a place upon the maps of Marshall county the same year with its unique, thrifty neighbor, Green Mountain. Near here is a beautiful church of quite large di- mensions, nearly finished, and built of the splendid MARSHALL COUNTY. 127 stone found in the bed of Kock creek. It presents a fine appearance and is in esrery way creditable to that most singular of all people, the Dunkards. In the basement they have a cook-house where they roast a whole ox, and at the feast representing the Lord's Supper, they have a great variety of dishes prepared in this apartment. They wash each other's feet in token of the Master's humility, the priests shave their crowns but wear the back hair rather long, generally greeting the disciples with a holy kiss; are a very devoted people to their peculiar faith. If one of he church is found guilty of over-reaching in a bargain — that most wide-spread of all modern sins — he is disci- plined most rigorously ; and if ditfering from all other sects in creed, they certainly are a very moral and quiet people, and set an example for even some of our orthodox citizens to follow in life-practice. Tiiey have a membership of about one hundred, and are constantly increasing in numbers. The most of those in Fredonia came from Ohio, and Kev. Mr. Murray is their pastor. In this vicinity, and very well known as a gentle- manly successful farmer, is Mr. John Hughes. He has excellent buildings for a new country, and every- thing has a neat business look, as if farming was an earnest, intelligent occupation. Mr. James Reed also lives near here, a brother-in- law of Mr. Joel Brock — very pleasant people, and whose interest in our county fairs never flags, or in any other enterprise to develop the resources of Iowa. Near Fredonia, eastward, lives Dr. Haynes, quite a successful physician ; also in that vicinity. Rev. Mr. Benn, who ministers in sacred things to a small church in the village, and at Orford. He is a verj^ useful man. Mr. Downs, once a citizen of Marshalltown, who did a heavy business in forwarding, lives not far from Fredonia. 128 IOWA. An Englishman, by the name of Stubbs, lives in this vicinity who is quite wealthy — made it all by his industry and foresight. He has sometimes fifty head of stock for sale on his beautifully cultivated farm. Mr. Samuel Grilkinson, a good citizen and one of the early settlers, lived near here, but has latel}^ moved to Nebraska, Mr. Cooper had the first store in Fredonia and did a good business for some time, but Marshalltown filling up so rapidly, he sold out to a Mr. Zearing, and is now our Recorder — a very faithful officer and a worthy man. But farther back, in the "age of wolves," as an old pioneer facetiously terms it, lived Mr. Alexander Bowles, who came about 1849. They were at one time without game even, being out of ammunition, and were obliged to make soup of deer hides, without a mouthful of anything else. They parched corn and wheat, and ground it in a common coffee-mill for bread, sometimes boiling the grain whole in the kernel. As near as can be ascertained, this family suffered as much as any in the Iowa vallej^ Mr. Bowles has al- ways been a great hunter, a perfect Nimrod among the wolves and prairie chicks, and partly sustained his family in this manner for many years. Of course they lived in a cabin, hunted, fished, and raised what they could, till the era of sulky-plows and corn- planters. Mr. Samuel Deter's home may be seen not far from Mr. Bowies', and he is a very reliable, honest man. His sons follow in his footsteps, and are culti- vating good farms in this section. Broom corn, sorghum, potatoes, and everything that grows out of doors in Iowa, wave in the sun- light of Marion township. MARSH.ALL COUNTY. 129 GREENCASTLE. Greencastle township is situated in the southeastern part of the county, the Marshalltown and Grinnell road passing through it. It is finely watered by tributaries of Timber creek and North Skunk, and has excellent farming land, with a good deal of timber in the northern portion. Thei-e are many sheep and very fair stock owned in Greencastle, and it is in every way a desirable portion of the Hawkeye heritage to emigrj^nts, with the single exception of church privi- leges, as they have preaching only fortnightly in this township, this being mainl}^ due to the exertions of the Christian Church. Judge Smith is now a resi- dent here, anvl preaches occasionally. With the help of co-laborers, much good has been done ; the Metho- dists also have a fair representation. Elias Hilsabeck is the oldest settler here, having come from Illinois in 1852 and entered his land. He is a very worthy farmer and a good citizen. Mr. Lantis, who formerly lived in Timber Creek township, is now a resident of Greencastle. His son, a very brave young man, died in the Union army. Mr. L. tried living in Missouri, but came back to Iowa per- fectly contented witli the magnificent land of the Musquaquas. The water is so much superior to that State, that this feature of our county will always make it an object to settlers. Mr. Hoes, formerly of Marshalltown, with '^ his sheep and cattle upon a thousand hills," lives in Greencastle ; also Mr. D wight of the same place, is now tilling land instead of broom making ; he was the first to furnish these useful articles to the citizens of Mar- shalltown. Captain Haskins of the " Old Thirteenth " is a citizen of this township, and in his bachelor home sur- rounded by luxuries, has no desire to return to the battle-field, 12 130 IOWA. In looking over the map, we find the site of Green- castle village, which once had the aspiration to be another New York, and if it conld bny up some of the votes in this portion of theHawkeye Stale, might be a county seat, in case Marietta and Marshalltown should eat each other up, like the giants in the fable. Mr. Blakely Brush was the chief Eajah of this town, and built a large two-story house w^ithout wiugs, which always bore the name of "the Castle." A tew years since, Mr. Akers bought the dilapidated fortress, filled the loop holes wath glass instead of old coats, and righted up the chimney tops and fence, audit now makes a very respectable appearance. It was at Justice S. Haskins, just over the line of Le Grand, that Attorney Hepburn and Hon. T. Brown had their little prize-ring exercise. Some years ago, a ditty ran thus, the only thing on record which commemorates the event : Ah! Peter, Peter! Pumpkin eater! How could you thus strike down, Or pull the hair And scratch the eyes Of Honorable Timothy Brown ? But these gentlemen have risen to such high positions in life they may have forgotten this episode of the law. One cool day in October, 1854, Mr. Jonathan Keed, of Ohio, left his wife and family in the wagon, out on the sea of brown grass, about three miles from any neighbor, sewing a tent cover, while he started to Oskaloosa for flour. After a good deal of stitching and the tent pins being drove into the ground, it was found that by no manner of means would the cover fit upon them, managed by unskillful hands. The boys thought they could build a turf house, but night came on before the abode was but a little way above MARSHALL COUNTY. 131 the foundations. Finally, after a night in the wagon on a lonely prairie, and becoming discouraged with the turf, it was concluded to go back to Mr. Hilsabeck's smoke-house and live in that until Mr. Reed should return and a house could be built. Mr. K came back in about a week, and a small house was erected that fall, after three or four weeks sojourn in the smoke- house. Mr. Reed has been prominent in the county, filling offices of trust, and is a man of unflinching principle and integrity. He has fine taste in horses, and owns some excellent animals. We have tested the hospitality of this family, after Mr. Reed sold, and went to Le Grand, and know that it was a charming place to spend an hour. Mr. Clogston, and Mr. John H. Seiger, have made Greencastle their home, and we believe there is no better township in the county. About sixty families live here. EDEN Is situated in the extreme southwestern portion of the county. Perhaps, there is not a better township of land in Iowa than Eden, often called by its happy soubriquet, " Paradise." Watered by Clear creek and its tributaries, also by the head springs of North Skunk, with large groves of the best timber for many miles, and noted truthfully for the beautiful "lay of the land" — like a picture. This soil is of unusual depth and fer- tility ; one particular field owned by Greene Allen has been farmed for eighteen seasons without any percep- tible diminution of the crop when properly cultivated. Protected by the groves, wild and tame fruits reach great perfection ; the fences are of the most substantial character, barns and out-houses likewise, everything cosy and thrifty about the farms, denoting wealth and prosperity. 182 IOWA. EDENVILLE. This village is contemporaneous with Freclonia and Green Mountain, having been laid out by C. B. Rhodes, Esq., in 1856, and now contains two hotels, a store, two blacksmith shops, a large flouring mill, cabinet shop, and a large school-house used for churcli pur- poses. There is an organization of Disciples, but the Methodists are the most numerous — have a par- sonage neatly fitted up for Rev. Mr. Bolton, and it is hoped they will carry out the project of building a church edifice the present season. The earliest settler in the vicinity was Greene Allen, who came upon his claim of six hundred acres in 1849. No fear of Indians, prairie fires, wolves, bears, etc., deterred him from his improvements ; when the troubles arose on Timber creek he would not go into the fort but kept the even tenor of his way. He has lately returned from a sojourn of six years in Oregon. A man by the name of Maggard lived in a cabin near Clear creek, and made a little improvement, but taking a fever from exposure, died before there were a half-dozen families within twenty miles to mourn for the pioneer. Among the earliest settlers was Rev. Thomas Men- denhall, a Protestant clergyman, still living in Eden- ville ; and Rev. Simon Woolston, who labored faith- fully in the church, for temperance, and also for Masonry, and is still carrying on these good works in Missouri. He had a large family of sons and daugh- ters who settled here, comprising some of the most influential citizens in the township. Mr. Owen and Simon Price came about the same time, and Mr. Andrew Logan, who published the first newspaper in Iowa, at Davenport, in 1836. He still survives an amiable wife who is buried not far from the mill in the village grave-yard where too sleeps Mrs. M. Rhodes, the victim of a terrible accident by fire. MARSHALL COUNTY. 133 This grave-yard needs attention from loving hands, for there are not even rail pens to enclose all the graves, in the Iowa fashion. The grave-yard in the north part of the town is not much better as to embel- lishment. Near here lives Mr. P. A. Culver, alternating with Mr. C. Ehodes in the honors of township supervisor, and a man of upright life and principle. Mr. Tuffree from Pittsburg, Pa., came to Eden in 1855, fenced his land and built his house when the wolves howled anything but a welcome to the hardy settler. Mr. Eutson Bullock came later, also Mr. Jeroleman who from small means has become quite wealthy and takes many premiums at the county fairs for good stock. Mr. Bullock keeps an excellent hotel at State Center, also Mr. A. Woolston is to be found there — once citizens of Eden. Perhaps there are no country residences for fifty miles around, equaling in beauty and cost that of Mr. C. B. Mendenhall and Mr. Conway Ehodes — with the most substantial barns and out-houses, in keeping with their splendid homes. Mr. Ehodes built the first mill and store in Eden- ville, in 1857, bringing the lumber and goods from Iowa City, using very emphatic words at the sloughs, — so he reports. The first postmaster was Mr. Isaac Sanford, who afterward kept hotel on East Main street, and had a shoe shop also. His name appears among the first Justices in the township. The first Fourth-of-July celebration was in 1858, when the little village was all excitement. Baskets and bundles went forward to the rustic tables, there was music by the choir, and an oration by Eev. Mr. Merrill of Jasper county. Zenas Bartlettwas G-rand Marshal, and the older settlers will remember of being marched around the mill and back to the grove in the hot sun- shine — rather more fatigued than patriotic. There 134 IOWA. was a splendid flag in the procession, and the beau- tiful Emma Tuffree, who died in 1862, sang the national airs with the sweetness of a full-throated lark, as she marched along with a few school girls. Mr. Benson, who a few years later was killed by lightning, was one of the company, and Martin Logan, the first on the starry record of Eden's heroic dead. Next, was Mr. Bartlett, who left wife and little children and an aged father, but alone with his nurse, died in a St. Louis hospital ; then the merry-hearted George Calver ; Irving Benson, who was killed at Champion Hills, nobly bearing the colors in that ghastly highway from Jackson, Miss. ; then the martyr- ed prisoner, Simon Woolston, whose sweet, boyish face will never be forgotten here ; after him, Harry Nichols, who went late to the army but died early at Alexan- dria, after he had marched with " Sherman round to the sea," and sank to sleep without a comrade to fold the army blue over his brave heart. Tears fill my eyes as I write of these soldier boys, for I knew them well. They sleep in almost nameless graves, where no loving sympathy can plant the myrtle and the rose, or erect the enduring marble to their memories. ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS. This time-honored institution of temperance was organized in 1859, and by its efficient labors has entirely banished whisky-selling for miles around. Among its charter members, who bore the brunt of persecution in the good work, were Mr. F. T. Woolston, Mr. John Jeroleman and lady, Charley Price, whose gude-wife is one of the sweet singers of upper Eden, and Mrs. Scotten, a very efficient officer in the order. But alas! the banners of the lodge are trailed in the dust, and the enterprise is among the things that were. In our notice of Eden, we must not overlook the MARSHALL COUNTY. 135 lively poetess of tlie " Star of Hope," Mrs. A. Bal- lock, or Mrs. Maggie Brewer, a contribator to the same. Among those who came later to this township, who in a few years have become wealthy and prosperous, is Mr. D. Harmon, a liio^hly gifted singer; Mr. A. Viles, Esq. ; Mr. James Nichols, from Pennsylvania; and last, though not least on our list, Mr. T. Robb and Mr. J. B. Mendenhall. STATE CENTER Originally belonged to Eden and a part of Washing- ton towriship, and was set off after the village of State Center reached nearly full stature. In the winter of 1863, about the first of December, State Center Station was dropped down upon the railroad track, and looked desolate and lonely enough the first winter, as there were but two or three houses besides those belonging to the Cedar Rapids and Missouri Railroad Company. The oldest resident, we think, was Mr. William Barnes, who bought produce at the station — a very energetic man. Next, came Mr. John Anselme, the pioneer of French Grove, and built a hotel, or rather transported a building on wheels from the village of Marietta across the prairie ten miles. In the spring following, Mr. Bassett built a beautiful residence in the northern part of town, which being in an elevated position, was a sort of lighthouse for a long distance to tired travelers. About this time it was noised about that State Center was the center of Iowa, the very pivot of the Hawkeye State. Lots had an upward tendency at this hub. Then came the Carpenters, men of capital and enterprise, from Sandwich, 111. Soon, the firm of Shipman k Dobbins gave a new impetus to trade in that vicinity ; next in order, the mechanics and 136 IOWA. artisans, that make up the bone and sinew of a town ; another hotel, kept hy Mr. W. Greenfiekl, swung out good cheer to the passer-by ; and finally drug stores, furniture rooms, etc., stood coaxing! j on the streets, to relieve the farmers of State Center and Eden of their spare cash. TEERIBLE TORNADO. On the 27th of June, 1865, there came up a terrible thunder storm from the west, with flashing lightning and roar of heaven's artillery, while the wind seemed to come like an avalanche, sweeping everything be- fore it. Mr. T. M. Carpenter had a store of dry goods, and occupied the back part as a home for his family ; there was a rush, then came a terrific crash, the cries of little children mingled with groans and sobs from the inmates, and the storm beating down upon their heads. On examination, it was found the whole structure had blown down, one of the timbers striking a little girl about seven years of age, and the stove in falling over had inflicted some dreadful burns upon the babe of a few months. All had received more or less injuries, the goods in the building were scattered about the debris and ruin, and bearing their wounded children in their arms, the terror-stricken parents sought shelter at the nearest house as soon as possible. The little girl died the next morning, in spite of medical assistance ; she was attended by Dr. Waters of Marshal Itown, through whose skill and the careful nursing of the mother, the infant finally recovered, after a great deal of suffering. The strange freaks of the wind — which, in its peace- ful moments, is so like an infant's breath — were notice- able. Heavy sticks of timber, and long and unman- ageable boards, were seen flying through the air in every direction ; chips of wood and bunches of the blow-weed were playing cross-fire ; while the dust and fragments of brick and stone about the buildings elsewhere MARSHALL COUNTY. 137 filled the atmosphere to such an extent, that it seemed as if a heavy garment had been dropped down be- tween heaven and earth. A wagon box was carried a long distance without the wheels, a wash-tub was moored away out on the prairie without mortal hands, and pails, pots and billets of wood danced a jig outside of the houses to the music of the storm. PRESENT PROSPERITY. There is scarcely a town in the State that has made such advance in wealth and prosperity as State Center. In a little more than three j^ears it has grown from a hamlet of two families to a population of five hundred ; has dry goods stores, millinery shops, manufactories of harness, shingles, shoes, etc. ; with a flourishing Good Templars' Lodge. A large public school-house has been built the past season and furnished with a beautiful toned bell, and walnut desks, blackboards, and everything to make the building comfortable for student and teacher. Most of the inhabitants were from Sandwich, Northern Illinois, and brought with them much of the energy and go-ahead-a-tive-ness of that region. The farms in the vicinity of State Center are scarcely equaled for good crops, and their neat, thrifty appear- ance, especially Mr. Bowen's, Yan Pelt's and L. Brown, Esq. Once, Mr. Brown's farm was considered the jumping-ofi" place on the wide sea of grass beyond. John 0. Groat's house upon the Scottish headlands \. as not more welcome to the mariner than this farm- house, with its stately wheat stacks and droves of pigs and chickens, was to the wayfarer upon the billowy undulation of that far-stretching prairie. State Center has an exceedingly pleasant location viewed from the westward. It will soon be a fine business point, as there is no town of any size in the whole re^fion from Marshall to Nevada. There 138 IOWA. are already two large warehouses, and an elevator in process of erection for the storage of grain, etc., and a Methodist church is talked of the coming season. Shipman & Dobbins have established a newspaper, and with their characteristic energy, it will be of benefit to the village. There is also a small job office, doing some very creditable work in the publishing line. Mr. J. Price is supplying with dressed lumber a large region of country, and nice comfortable farm- houses are dotting the prairie at every point of the compass. Mr. Walker is also in the same business, gladdening the eyes of new-comers with that important article, so necessary to a new home — cheap pine lumber. Emigrants are coming in every day to State Center and the township. WASHINGTON" TOWNSHIP Is situated w^est of Timber Creek and south of Mari- etta, the Waterloo and Marshalltown road passing through it on to Edenville, Peoria and Desmoines. It has some very fine timber in it ; Starry and Bear Groves being the largest bodies in the township. It is an elevated plateau, excepting the northern portion, and contains beautiful farms in a high state of cul- tivation. There are a good many sheep in this vicinity, and, thanks to the factory in Marshalltown, the wool commands a fair price or can be exchanged for cloth. Henry Starry was the first settler in this township, having moved from Iowa county in 1852. He came in with wagons, bringing with him his stock, nails and farming utensils, and even the flour for a year's use. His daughter Mary remembers driving the old cows along, as she walked a good deal of the way. He entered the land called Starry 's Grove, also his MARSHALL COUNTY. 139 farm, and built his cabin westward of the timber. The next family was a Mr. Miller, a brother-in-law of Mr. Starry. They all went a hundred miles to mill, fought wolves, killed rattlesnakes, broke up nature's green sward, welcomed new comers, heard the pro and con of the Marietta war, and gradually grew rich and prosperous. Among these early settlers were Mr. Gotham and the Manwarings from Kew York, also Mr. Wickers- ham and Mr. Myers of Bear Grove. We will say, en passant, that Mrs. Myers is a model farmer. She hires help to do the housework, and with a Bloomer dress made of bed-ticking, may be seen hauling wood, driving a reaper or sulky plow, and is one of the most successful managers in the county. She has been known to go down to Iowa City for a load of lumber, accompanied only by her little boy, camping out, boiling her teakettle by the roadside, and taking care of the team herself We would recommend her to the notice of the New York Tribune and the American Agriculturist, for she far outshines their pet female farmers in Central New York. We must admire her self-reliance, although some may question her taste. PRAIRIE FIRES. If we should wish to get up an entertainment upon a grand scale for an Eastern audience, a prairie fire would be the most entertaining. A fire could sweep for about ten miles from the north down through into Jasper county in almost a direct line without the least interruption, as the western half of both Washington and Jefferson townships are prairie uplands, with only a farm to break in occasionally on its course. At one time Mr. S. Man waring was aroused by the crackling and roaring of the fire, and on looking out saw the haystacks in a blaze, with danger to the house 140 IOWA. and stable. At once all hands were set to work to carry water, and finally, by the help of wet blankets and carpets, they saved a part of the hay and buildings. But hundreds of tons of hay are lost every year in Iowa from fires often carelessly lit by the pipe of a passing hunter, or boys bent on mischief. One night, Mr. Gotham was awakened by the light of a coming fire, and in a costume nearly Georgian, he suc- ceeded in getting a furrow ploughed around his build- ings, but there was a hen-roost in one corner of the yard where the fire got up some strange dissolving views within, for the poultry disappeared, then appearing in the morning tailless, with their wings badly burnt. The railroad passes along the banks of Linn creek, a beautiful stream twenty-six miles in length, which meanders through the long grass of this prairie up to its source in Minerva township. A singular accident happened to the cars not far from Mr. A. H. Stone's. A bridge had become damaged by a freshet ; the loco- motive passed over, however, but the baggage and passenger cars went down into the water. This was in the darkness of the night, the cars overturning with heated stoves, burning lamps and sleeping passengers, yet the good God took care that none were hurt. Some of the cars were badly damaged, and the mails with the terror-stricken travelers had an involuntary bath. Linn creek is a haunted stream. On the 9th of April, 1867, a young lady with her father, Mr. Hud- son, was drowned about two miles west from Mar- shalltown. Miss Hudson attempted to cross on the submerged bridge, but the horse lost his foothold upon the plank, there being no railing, and both fell into the water. Her father, attracted by the screams of the daughter and the shouts of quite a party assembled near, not one of whom could swim, plunged in, but lost his hold upon a bunch of willows to MARSHALL COUNTY. ' 141 which he had clung for support, and not being a good swimmer they both sank to rise no more. A Mr. Algoyee was also drowned some years since not far from Le Grand higlfway bridge, in attempting a bath. Near here Mrs. Ed. Lockwood and Mrs. H. Nash had a narrow escape about seven years ago. Their horse had become frightened by covered wagons and kept obstinately backing, till he reached the bank, when he tipped the buggy over with its hu- man freight into the current, excepting Mrs. Nash and child who fortanately alighted a moment before. Mrs. Lockwood and her little daughter struggled in the icy water, it being in March. She succeeded in holding her child up from the stream w^ith one hand, while cling^ino^ with the other to the willows, and was finally rescued from her peril by the Pike's Peak trav- elers, who had caused the mischief The only damage done was to the buggy and harness, and the sinking of a basket of vegetables which the party had made the journey to obtain. But we will follow the wind- ings of the ill-fated stream back to Washington. Situated in a beautiful grove is the home of John Haynes who came here in 1854 He is of Scottish descent, and with the determination, characteristic of that earnest people, he bravely went through the hard- ships of the West without flinching. His brother Thomas is his neighbor, and a thrifty farmer. The Haynes, with Mr. Starry, have been pillars in the Protestant Methodist Church in this vicinit}^, and Mr. John Haynes was also very instrumental in keeping up the Good Templar organization. About seven miles from Marshall, is a station in this township called Cedar Cross Roads. There has been something done towards laying out a town by Mr. F. A. Stone. Among the wealthy men of Washington whom we have failed to notice, is Mr. John McCord, Mr. Wil- son, who drew the splendid silk quilt at the Orphans' 142 IOWA. Fair, Mr. Wyatt, and Mr. Thayer — all good citizens. This township is every way adapted to sustain a large population. JEFFERSON. This township is bounded on the north by Timber Creek township, eastward by Greencastle, south by the Jasper line, and on the west by a township not named, being all prairie south of Washington. The road from Marshalltown to Newton, passes through Jefferson, winding through the lanes and door-yards of the " Kentucky settlement," and finally goes ont among the knolls of the southern edge, till a wagon, seen in the distance, from Mr. Archerd's, has the appear- ance of a big fat spider crawling slowly along on the sky's edge. The earliest settler was Mr. William Powers, who entered his land in 1852, giving his name to the grove and farm. This grove is on the south branch of Timber creek, which heads westward nearly to the Eden line in a romantic little lakelet of about an acre oi clear pellucid water. Here are brandts and wild geese in early spring in great numbers, to attract sportsmen. Mr. Powers' family suffered many privations, as they were obliged to go to Oskaloosa to mill — no church, and their nearest neighbor four or five miles distant. Mr. Putnam is an excellent citizen, living near the Kentucky settlement, which in 1855 was opened up by four farms, the land being first entered by Mr. Currens. Mr. Eogers was one of the largest proprie- tors — had a farm of two hundred acres. And Mr. Archerd who now keeps the Union House, was also an early settler, and has grown rich and prosperous here on his fruitful farm. This year, 1855, also saw a famil}^ settle upon the south edge of the township by the name of Hoppin. They were from New Jersey, he, a dry goods clerk, MARSHALL COUNTY. 148 the wife, a young woman who bad seen better days, and two little children. He had only about live hundred dollars, but seeing the beautil'ul prairie in this part of Jefferson, bought an unfenced claim, with a cabin. He also purchased a yoke of oxen, but being inexperienced, his crop of 1856 proyed to be a little corn, a few pumpkins, and perhaps a peck of garden beans. The cold winter of 1856-7 coming on, he attem23ted to keep his oxen and cow from freezing, but was taken down with typhoid fever and died without medical attendance. Soon after, the cattle died, and this braye woman with her children lived alone that terrible winter, with but very little addi- tions to the winter's store of provision. There was nothing to buy, the emigration was so heavy that year, and if there had been, she had no money. She wore her husband's coats and boots, obtained fuel, dug snow drifts, liyed on parched corn for bread, and did not see a cup of tea or coffee for eighteen months. Any one but a heroine would have become disheart- ened and begged out of Iowa, but she clung to the farm, and the next year she raised a good crop with- out a fence, the neighbors lending a team, and in six years she sold the farm for eighteen hundred dollars, and with the proceeds of a year s produce, she went back to the Camden and Amboy State, rejoicing in her self-reliance. The Desmoines and Cedar Eapids telegraph, which passed through Newton and Marshalltown, had its line swung on tall cottonwood posts through here and Timber Creek, but it did not pay much of a dividend other than outgoes, and it was discontinued, the people burning the supports for firewood, after the line was taken down. Mr. Schettler, a very enterprising stock dealer, set- tled in this township twelve years since, and has be- come wealthy in the business. He was from Mays- vilie, Ky., and helped a great deal in carrying on the 144 IOWA. enterprises of roads, schools, etc., in the settlement. They have several fine school houses, larger than is generally seen in country neighborhoods. This town- ship has excellent soil, some good timber, and is every way a good point for farmers to settle in. The names of the soldiers from Jefferson who sleep in Southern graves, are Clarington Poynes, who en- listed in the Second Cavalry, and William King. They were brave, good boys, and were sadly missed from the fireside and community. There were several who were discharged from inability and disease. HUNTING PARTIES. The prairie in the western portion has been noted for hunting parties, with dogs, guns, snack-baskets, and bottles of corn coffee. There is a tradition extant of one party who went to the head of Timber creek and killed seven hundred and eight chickens. These broiled, with hot rolls, and a cup of good Java, is a dish fit for a king. No wonder our prairies present such attractions to English and other sportsmen. Last season a large party of hunters from Buffalo visited this section. They were highly pleased with their success, and as our railroad facilities are increasing, no doubt in a few years our lovely plains will receive a full share of the summer tourists who journey for health and comfort. Mr. George Wills, with a party of five, went beyond Powers' Grove and killed three hundred and eleven chickens in one day, returning to town with their wagon loaded down with game. If this slaughtering should go on long at a time, the question is, where would the chickens be ? unless the Darwinian theory be true, that animals can be made from vegetable matter, and chickens could be manufactured from brown grass and Timber creek water. MARSHALL COUNTY. 145 CONSERVATISM. Jefferson township lias politically been rather con- servative, and a few went so far as to tease their neigh- bors by hanging butternuts on the telegraph poles and on the latch-string of their doors, but there has been quite a change of public sentiment Yecently, and the fossil remnants of conservatism are disappearing under a growth of free and enlightened opinion The Methodists and Disciples both have meetings in the school-houses, but on the lower edge of the town- ship there are a good many Germans, a very industrious people, who having grown quite wealthy in a few years, now think of uniting with those of Malaka township in Jasper county, and building a church edifice of their own near the line of Jefferson. We believe they are Lutherans, and hold service in their own language. The German pastor from New^ton ministers to their spiritual need when he can be spared from his own parish. Just this side of the Kentucky settlement may be found a Mr. Fuller, who with his amiable wife dis- penses hospitality to the stranger, yet sighs for the "Kentucky home far awa3^" LIBEETY. Liberty townsliip occupies the extreme north-western corner of Marshall county, has a number of small streams that form the north fork of the Minerva, and others tributary to the Iowa, and has a fine body of timber in Illinois Grove, the main portion of which -is in Liberty, a few acres only crossing the Hardin line. Coal is found near this grove in abundance. It is a pity capitalists leave this enterprise so to languish. Timber is in close proximity ; the fencing is excel- lent, and the crops are always good. There are fine fields of sorghum and broom corn, as well as all the other staple products of the soil. 13 146 IOWA. Mr. William Howard is quite an old settler, coming in 1855. He is favorably known as a faithful officer in the Board of Supervisors, and is an excellent neighbor and citizen. Among other good farmers, we are slightly " ac- quaint" with Mr. Mandeville Colwell, a Scotchman by birth, and wdio brought to this neighborhood all the thrift and intelligence characteristic of that glorious people, the countrymen of Burns and Wallace, of Bruce and Kit North. Mr. Holcomb, a brother-in-law of Dr. Waters of Marshalltown, is well known in this section. Also a Mr. Wm. McCormick, who left a good home, wife and little children, and gave his life for the nation, after some months' service. Mr. Ingledew is often mentioned as a prominent citizen of Liberty, and a Mr. Davis. Mr. WilHam Bevins came here as early as 1851 — has a good farm, and Bevins' Grove is known for many miles. Mr. Charles Tucker has quite a pleasant little inn that might be called the "half-way" house, as it stands so near the line that he may be counted a citizen of both Story and Marshall. Quite a heavy wind passed over this township and Bangor in 1859. It was on a May Sabbath after- noon. The day had been very warm, and at 4 o'clock there rose in the north-west a huge black cloud with a sea green edge, which raj)idh^ came to the zenith. The wind came " tearing down " from that quarter, sweeping over the timber and twisting the trees like whips. In crossing the fields it cleaned the .young corn right out of the soil as with a scraper, whirling the sand into winrows like stacks of hay. It was the same storm that caused the loss of life in New Providence and Canianche. Mrs.. Groff, a lad}' who lived on a farm in this township, says it was almost impossible, by the united strength of herself and husband, to keep a westei-n door from bursting the hine^es and blowing down. MARSHALL COUNTY. 147 They have a post office at Illinois Grove. Among the settlers who used to meet at their firesides and talk over the Marietta war, the probability of Marshalltown being the capital, and went to mill to Xenia, and to church in a small school-house at the south-east corner of Liberty, were William Spence, Esq., and William Stough. We believe the first Justice was George Magee ; and after some trials of pioneer life in Minerva town- ship came Mr. Elder and settled here. Liberty township gave a good account of herself aid through the war, and did nobly for the Sani tary funl and the Orphans' Home Fair. They are favored here by the preaching of Rev. Mr. Eberhart of Albion. There are a number of good school-houses, but if the people would unite and build a church in this vicinity it would be a fine thing for this section. People coming into a new country look out for church spires. 148 IOWA. MAESHALL COUNTY. We now resume our theme of the county's growth and great development in the short time that has elapsed since its settlement. In population, taking for our data the census of 1865, and the immense emigration for the last two years, we have no hesi-. tancy in placing it in round numbers at 12,000 Some idea of its wealth may be inferred from the real estate sales, as shown by the recorder's book for three months of the last year. They amount to $212,600. At State Center, Bangoi*, and more than all at Mar- shalltown, there is a heavy tide of wealth and popu- lation flowing in, that will tell soon in our business tables and abstracts. Each hour, " prairie schooners " are run upon our highways ; besides, the cars bring a a great many with settlers for Marshall county, show- ing that this is to be the home of a dense population. We have scarcely an acre of waste land, and as the crops never fail here, and the soil is of such remarka- ble fertility, we have only to exclaim, " There is room for all." One farmer in Washington township has cleared over twelve hundred dollars on eighty acres of land, beside supporting his flimily handsomely. Many of this kind of farmers, wealthy and energetic, sell out and come to Marshalltown to live, having beautiful homes, and adding to her wealth and prosperity. We might mention Mr. J. H. McCord, from Washington, Mr. Schettler, from Jefferson, Mr. Baldwin, Mr. Spark, and others, from different townships, of whom we have nor space to speak particularly. We take leave of the county by saying, that aside from the partiality of the judgment of a citizen, it is one of the most desirable places for a residence, and that her Capital should be the Capital of Towa. MARSHALL COUNTY. 149 Taking up the pen we write of Marsh alltown the metropolis, and the most enterprising city in Iowa of its size. With a population of four thousand, it has erected over two hundred buildings the past year, and has as manj^ more in progress at this writing, July, 1867. It has a skating park, churches, town halls, four miles of sidewalk, factories, foundries, ware- houses, a splendid bank, and other public buildings, which would do honor to any town, besides solid brick stores, hotels, and a large and commodious depot Sleight & Downer paid for wheat, $195,864; and for live hogs, $69,300. Their cash receipts were $813,363.50. Their sales of agricultural implements amounted to $81,163.97. . Willigrod & Qeier bought 65,000 bushels of wheat ; Mr. Abraham Stanley, another heavy dealer in grain, probably did as much business, though we have not the exact amount. Binford, Morgan & Co.'s account of sales for wheat, reads $150,000.20 from their books, and in their new store they will probably do a larger business the present season. The aggregate amount of sales at our dry goods stores, stands exactly at $307,000. Banbury & Caswell, grocers, did a heavy business of $50,000 last year. They are both good men, and very enterprising, although Mr. Caswell is generally poring over law books instead of working behind the counter. They both served in the Union army with distinction. Col. Jack's figures (at the old stand of S. Lacy), as given by him in a rongh estimate, were $10,000, in eleven months. There are others which can give as good showing ; among them, are Ginder k Co. Berthold k Smith, according to their capital, have done a good business the past year. 150 IOWA. Turner, Stone & Co., hardware dealers, foot up, in receipts, $65,000. W. K. Smith sold $125,000 worth of lumber; Stocking & Price, $50,000, and D. B. Cunningham, as much more. We remark, in passing, that the only drawback our city has, is the need of a large educational institu- tion. Though our public school-house is commodious, costing about ten thousand dollars, and our select schools of a high character, yet we have no seminary building, or college, in our midst. Prof Williams and Miss A. Gilford have excellent schools in operation, but these are too crowded and need more room. Our city is under the charge of Col. B. W. Johnson as Mayor, who was one of the most able and accom- plished officers in the Sixteenth Army Corps. He has been elected to serve the county in the next Legis- lature as our representative to the lower house, with his genial colleague to the Senate, W. S. Eice, Esq., both receiving rousing majorities. Incidentally we have mentioned the most of our leading business houses, with perhaps the exception of Mr. S. Lacy's splendid furniture rooms ; Lee, Brom- ley & Co., a dry goods firm which commenced opera- tions here in 1865, from Kenosha, Wis., reliable, gen- tlemanly dealers in every way ; also the splendid grocery house of Hill, Liddle & Pollock, just opened on North Main street ; Abbot & Co.'s hardware store ; and not forgetting the " old Galena stand-by" Willard & Grumme, leather dealers, who have the largest roll of workmen in the city. All of our County officers are most deserving men — none more faithful than our time-honored citizens, Harry Gerhart, Esq., and J. L. Williams. MARSHALL COUNTY. 151 IN THE COUKTS. An appeal from Justice Parker, who, by the way, reads Byron as well as Kent, sends us before Judge Chase of the District Court, a heavy, substantial framed man, with a forehead like Webster, and a keen grey eye, who watches a turn in the case with great eager- ness as there is no jury before him. At his right on a bench sits District Attorney Bradley, who is too handsome for a very successful lawj^er, languidly reading the Times, with an occasional look at Street, the counsel for a client, who twists facts into a terrible snarl. Street seems attempting a cover for his fox, which Brown, the legal bloodhound, is hunting down with a keen scent. He raps out very disturbing questions to the witness with the right forefinger upon his left palm. We turn to Boardman, with his analytic brain and cold, impassioned face, who is talking to Henderson. The gallant senator has but a moment before touched his beaver to a lady, and is listening with a dreamy look to the conversation, betraying more interest just now in the fair sex than the legal points of any case. Griswold, neat and gentlemanlj^, a- safe counselor in trouble, is examining briefs carefully at the table. Col. Johnson, another of our first class lawyers, bluff and hearty, looking every inch a soldier, is also reading papers by the wholesale. Bin ford, and Mercer, with lesser lights of the profession, are mingled in the tableaux, making an array of legal talent every way creditable to the county. Judge Lampman, of an excellent family, has been here some time among our lawvers, and is one of the most earnest, hard-working officers in Marshall. Emerging from the court house we pass Drs. Sher- wood and Lang, to hear a stir of scientific woi'ds on the air. 152 IOWA. Coming home, we close our record with a glow of pride in Marshalltown and the County. Proud of her material prosperit}^, proud of the intelligence and virtue of our citizens, proud of that motto " Excelsior," she has written on her banners, we dream of a glorious future for Marshalltown, the Queen of the Iowa valley— one of the largest cities in the State and the Great Northwest. MAESHALLTOWN EUSI]SrESS DIEECTOEY. DRY GOODS AXD MERCHANDISE. Lee. Bromley & Co., two clerks, corner of Main and Court streets. B K. Adams, three clerks, Main street. "VVells S. Rice, three clerks. Main street. Whealen & Harvey, three clerks, Main street, "Woodworth & Wliitton, three clerks, Main street. David Parrett, two clerks, Main street. Loree & Wasson, one clerk, Main street. Harper & Co., one clerk. Main street. GROCERY STORES. G. "W. Ginder, two clerks, Main street. D. Heasty, one clerk, Main street. Duguid & Fuller, Main stre(4. Berthold & Smith, Main street. Norton & Gillespie, Main street. Johnson & Waters, one clerk. Center street. Dunton & Nicodemus, twd clerks, Center street. J. T. Jack & Co., Main street, wholesale and retail dealers, two clerks. Center street. Banbury & Caswell, wholesale and retail dealers, two clerks. Main street. CLOTHIXG AXD FURXISHIXG GOODS. Moses Stern, two clerks. Main street. Steifle & Co., two clerks. Main street. Chas. Birnbaum, one clerk. Main street. A. Loomis, one clerk. Main street. Meyer & Gump, one clerk, Main street. D. Hurst & Co., one clerk, Main street. MILTXERY AXD FAXCY GOODS. Mrs. M. C. Bailey, Main street. Mrs. X. M. Holt, Main street. Misses E. B. and M. A. Lang, Main street. Miss Maria Collins, Main street. 14 RSHALLTOWN AND SHOES. S. Ambrnster, manufacturer, store in his splendid brick block, four hands employed, Main street. G-. W. Peet, manufacturer, four liands, Main street. C. Woods & Son, one clerk, Main street. W. W. Miller, one clerk, Main street. DRUG STORES. Drs. Taylor & Barnhart, Main street. Mabie, Roe & Co., one clerk, Main street. Dr. George Glick, wholesale and retail, has three clerks, and oc- cupies a perfect bijou of a salesroom, the finest west of the Mississippi. FRUIT & CONFECTIONERY. William Pentland, one clerk. Main street. Ehle & Collyer, one clerk. Main street. D. W. Tate, one clerk. Main street. S. Keuner, one clerk, Main street. PROVISION AND FEED STORES. Forney & Thayer, one clerk, Main street. Mark Varnum, Main street, does a heavy business also in this line. MEAT MARKETS. A. Jenkins, one clerk. Main street. Shorthill & Co., Main street. Thomas Clark, Main street. BOOKS AND STATIONERY. C. N. Shaw & Co., one clerk. Main street. M. Rosenbaum, one clerk. Main street. . JEWELLERS. C. Miller, one clerk. Main street. Warrick & Speer, one clerk. Main street. DENTISTRY. Dr. Wm. H. Marvin, Main street. Dr. Knepper, GHck's block. Dr. D. E. Rickey, Main, street. PICTURE AND ART GALLERIES. Baum & Datesman, Main street. Miss Shaw, LTnion Hotel. J. Lee Knight, Main street, who did the extensive business of $5,000 last year. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 155 PAIXTERS, AXD FRESCO ARTISTS. A. P, Hogle, Main street. Heighton & Bundy, Center street. E. F. Dean, West Main street. LIVERY AND SALE STABLES. Green & Beasley, Chestnut street. N. V. Speer, Center street. HOTELS. McLain House, Station street ; J. W. McLain, Proprietor. Marshal House, Main street; G. W. Sherman, Proprietor. City Hotel, Main street ; E. E. Shaw, Proprietor. Union House, Center street ; A. Hall, Proprietor. Miller's Hotel, Court street ; S. S. Miller, Proprietor. Another hotel would add greatly to our advantage as a city, espe- cially through the spring emigration. DIXIXG SALOONS. St. James Restaurant, Marshall & Quick, Main street. Excelsior Restaurant, Chas. Epeneter, Main street. AUCTIONEERS. Rhodes & Snider, Center street. M. Mundsell, Main street. MANUFACTORIES. Henderson & Co. Woodbury & Son, twenty-five men, near Depot. E. W. Lockwood, six men, near Depot. Chester Heald, three men, near Depot. S. Lacey, four men, Main street. Wm. East, four men. Main street. Hodge & Canfield, two men, near Depot. Shaw, Andrews & Co., two men, Center street. Wm. H. Calhoun, West Main street. Landsberry & Miller, Flour Mills. J. M. Sherwood, Flour Mills. DRAYMEN. Sanford & Curkhuff, Main street. I. J. Sanford, Main street. De Loss, Main street. BARBERS. Dick Ward, Main street. J. C. Beverly, Main street. 156 MARSH ALLTOWN BAKERS. Brener & Engeliart, Main street. F. Kenner. LEATHER, HARNESS AXD SADDLERY. TVillard & Grumme, ten men, Main street. Gr. Schettler, three men. HARDWARE AXD TIN STORES. Turner, Stone & Co., six men, Main street. Abbott & Knisely, five men, Main street. Loree & Wasson, one man, Main street. P. Holcorab, one man. Main street. BLACKSMITHS. Bishop & Seager, two hands employed. Main street. Johnson & Snider, two hands employed, Center street. Walter Billings, two hands employed, Main street. Wm. E. Vickery & Co., Locust street. Nash & Wann, Center street. WAGON MAKERS. H, D. Wiley, two hands, Main street. A. C. Strickland, Uvo hands, Center street. D. E. Snider, two hands, Center street. Nash & Wann, two hands, Center street. LUMBER DEALERS. Smith Bros., near Depot. Price & Stocking, near Depot. D. W. Cunningham, near Depot. GRAIN ELEVATORS, STORAGE, AGRICULTURAL IMPLE- MENTS. Sleight & Downer, Station street. Bintbrd, Morgan & Co. , East Main street. Willigrod & Geier, Station street. Abram Stanley, Station street. FURNITURE DEALERS. Wilham East, Main street. S. Lacey, south side Main street. Dunham & Cronkleton, Broom Warehouse. , ARCHITECTS. Col. W. Legg, Center street. A. White. B. F. Deau. S. Kline. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 157 ATTORNEYS. Boardman & Brown, Woodbury's block. Henderson & Binford, Woodbury's block. J. H. Bradley, Woodbury's block. •J. W. Street, over Glick's Drug Store. B. W. Johnson, over Glick's Drug Store. Obed Caswell, Woodbury's block. L. W. Griswold, Main street. J. M. Sherwood, Main street. J. N. Parker, Main street. W. E. Snelling, Main street. REAL ESTATE AGENTS. Johnson k Giddings, Court house. McCracken, Cooper & Weatherly, Court house. Boardman & Brown, Main street. PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Dr. E. J. B, Slater, Center street. Dr. A. Lang, Main street. Dr. A. J. Sherwood, Main street. Dr. W. B. Waters, Main street. Dr. L. E. Holt, Main street. Dr. J. Lawrence, Main street. MUSIC TEACHERS. Prof. J. D. Montgomery and Lady, Main street. Prof. H. H. Heighton, Center street. Miss Nettie Cole. Mrs. A. McClure. Silver Brass Band, H. Gerhart, Leader. COUNTY OFFICERS. T. P. Lampman, County Jv/lge. H, Gerhart, Treasurer. J. L. Williams, Clerk. TnoiiAS McCracken, Sheriff. A. J. Cooper, Recorder. CITY OFFICERS. B. W. Johnson, Mayor. Thos. Mercer, Treasurer. J. Lee Knight, Recorder. M. Munsell, Marshal. G. Glick, a. Abbott, } ^,„.,,.,7„..,, N. WILLARD, J. H. McLaIN, f ^^W««'»^^'^- STATEMENT OF BENEVOLENT CONTRIBUTIONS. Amount donated by Marietta for Aid Societies and Orphans' Home Fair, $2,340. Amount raised by the Marshall County Auxiliary Aid Society, for the Dubuque Sanitary Fair, $2,800.57. M. E. Griffith, Sec. ^^^^- ^- ^' ^^^^'^^' ^^'^^• Julia Leach, Treas. Whole amount of proceeds of Orphans' Home Fair, Marshall- town, $16,000. "Whole amount given by Marshall County for sanitary supplies at points South, $4,708.27. Net proceeds of the Marshalltown Orphans' Home Society, ^997.23. Mrs. N. Hamilton, Sec. JJ^"" ^^^^^^ ^^nford, I^res^ Mrs. M. East, Treas. ^^^' ^^^^^^^ Whealex, V.Fres. Amount raised from Tableaux (by Mrs. M. A. Boardman and Mrs. N. Hamilton), for Orphans' Home Fair, $216. STATEMENT Of Monies invested in some of (lie prmcipal Buildings finished in Mar- sJiaUtown, November., 1867. "Wells Rice's splendid brick block, 40 by 80 feet, three stories, $15,000. John Crellin, Architect. Abbott & Kuisely — brick block, 22 by 50 feet, two stories, $5,000. E. Wilhgrod, Esq. — mansion, Rhenish style of architecture. Mansard roof, modern improvements, $14,000. B. F, Dean, Ar- chitect. J. L. "Williams — mansion, architecture of the Elizabethan pe- riod, $11,000. G. F. Kline, Architect. Hon. G. M. Woodbury — mansion, finished recently, Gothic style, $10,000. Hon. H. E. J. Boardman — mansion, union of the Tudor and Elizabethan styles, $12,000. Hon. T. E. Brovrn — elegant mansion, iron and stone facings, Elizabethan style, $12,000. MARSHALL OOUNTY INSURANCE AGENCY. C. W. FRACKER, §®Bi©pal iMnpaat® Agm AND NOTARY PUBLIC, OF MARSHALLTOWX, IOWA. #^0,000,000.00 CA.SH C^PITA-IL.. AND LIVE STOCK INSURANCE. LIST OF com:pa.]N"ies. Mutual Life, New York, $22,000,000 00 Accident, Columbus, O., 1,000,000 00 Live Stock, Hartford, 500,000 00 Railway Passenger, Hartford, 304,800 00 ^tna Fire Insurance €0., Hartford, 4,273,269 81 Home Fire Insurance Co., New^ York, 3,645,388 87 Underwriters' Agency, New York, 3,364,957 78 liorillard Fire, New York, 1,436,540 27 RIanliattan Fir*, New fc ork, 1,052,128 10 Corn Exchange Fire, New York,... 501,095 79 Nortli America Fire, Phiiadelpliia, 1,731,515 14 Enterpiise Insurance Co., Cincinnati, 1,000,000 00 $40,809,695 76 (159) HILL, LIDDLE & POLLOCK, DKALEES IN FISH, SALT, WOODEN WARE, Wall and Window Paper, Curtain Fixtures, Oil Cloths, STATIONERY, ETC., North Main Street , half hloch east of Sank, Having recently built our Store, and filled it with a stock of New Goods, for which we ^laid cash, thus being able to obtain them at the lowest market price, we now solicit the patronage of cash purchasers, believing w^e can furnish them with goods at very low prices. Please call, examine our stock, and learn our prices. Butter, Eggs, etc., taken in exchange for Goods. HILL, LIDDLE «fe POLLOCK. QXJA^ItER, OITY STOK.E. Dr. G£0RG£ WHEALAi^, DEALER IN \§s^ laii ani iaps^ GROCERIES, ETC., T>vo Doors from Oentei* Street, M41il41Ii Hilil, C. W. SHERMAN, Proprietor. Free Omtiibus to and from the Cars, Good Stabling attacJied, (160) JOHN TURNER & CO., Wholesale and Eetail Dealers in STOVES, IRON, STEEL, NAILS, Agricultural Implements, TIN, SHEET IROX AND COPPER WARE. Agents for the " Stewart Cook Stove," and " Studebaker South Bend ^Vagons." THE GiOK.r>E]V i?> FOR SALE BY ^^m:. c. FA^aE, At the Store of B, K. Adams, WHEBE UACaiNES CAN BE SEEIT. In every Family where the Machines have been used, they give entire satisfaction, The following, from an old citizen of Marshalltown, now of Cedar Kapids, speaks for Itseff : " I have used the Goi-den Washing ^fachine in my family for the last year, and find that it saves much labor, and does not get out of order." ^[R3. E. E. LEACH. State and. County R-iglits for Sale. (I'll) LEE & BROMLEY, DEALERS IN BOOTS A.lSiJy SHOES, HatSf Caps, and Meady 31ade Clothing 9 MARSHALLTOWN, - - IOWA. BINFOllD BRO'S & MORGAN, DEALEKS IN AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS Of evei^y- IDescription. MARSHALLTOWN, - - - IOWA- Keep constantly on hand the very best Wagons, Plows, Seed Sowers, Reapers, Moivers, Threshers, Cultivators, etc., etc, BANBURY & CASWELL, DEALERS IN HEAVY AND LIGHT CIGARS, TOBACCO, ETC., Mai?i Streety opposite the "Public Squa7'e^ MARSHALIiTOWN, - - IOWA. eestauka:n^t, Comer Main and Second Sts., MAKSHALLTOWN, - - - IOWA. (1G2) \ MARSHALIL. MARBLE ^VOK,liS. • y Wm. a. Smith. , ' Jf'HN Utz. SMITH & UTZ, DEALBES IN Foreign and American Marble Monuments, TQM statues f ^ Grave Stones, 31edallions FURNITURE MARBLE, South Side of Main Street, East of Court House, ^- ""iocl^Tox 19. MARSHALLTOWN, IOWA. FIRST PRKJMTtJM^S. Marshall County Fair, Sept. 2Gth and 27th, 1866. Marshall County Fair, Sept. 25th, 26th and 27th, 1867. Hardin County Fair, Oct. 10th and 11th, 1866. Tama County Fair, Oct. 3d and 4th, 1SG6. Tama County Fair, Oct. 10th, 11th and 12th, 1867, Iowa Cotinty Fair, Oct. 9th, 10th and 11th, 1867. Iowa Valley Fair, Oct^ 18th an / 19th, 1866. Iowa Valley Fair, Sept. 18th, 19th and 20th, 1867. Give us a call before purchasing, aud we will guarantee satisfaction. (1G3) MARSHAI.L WOOLEIST MILLS IJNT FULL OPERATION. 480 SPINDLES, 10 LOOMS, And all the necessary 3Iachinery for Finishing, W^ A N T E D. loo^ooo i^OTjnsriDs -wooni.. At the Highest Cash Price, in Cash, or in exchange for GOODS OF OUR OWN MANUFACTURE. G. 31. WOODBURY & SON. 6. M. Woodbury, Pres. T. B. Abell, F. Pres. C. W. Fkackee, Cashier. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK, OF MARSHALLTOWN, IOWA. nillJECTORS: H. E. J. BOARDMAN. THOS. B. ABELL. G. M. WOODBUEY. GEO. GLICK. DAVID PAEBET. Prompt attention given to Collections. Taxes paid in all Connties in Central Iowa. ARCADE PHOTOGRAPH GALLERY, I^ear the Bank, MAESHALLTOWN, IOWA. AKD A3IBROTYPES, In the Highest Style of Art. Coloring in India Ink, Oil, or Water Colors. J. LEE KNIGHT, Proprietor. (TT'IuOOIS: OXJT FOR THE BIO SKCO^'C^T' C-A^SE. (164) W. C. WooDwoRTH. Geuiujk WiiHTv-N. WOODWORTH & WHITTON, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in BOOTS AND SHOES, NOTIONS nc. Come?* of J) fain a?id Centf* Mreeis, MARSHALLTOWN, lOW \ Looli out for tlie fassengt-r *Ja.r. DEALERS IN D E Y Q O O D S. Boots and Shoes, Hats, Caps, aid N::tion£, FIVE DOORS WEST OF THE BAN J "W Harvey I e". t.' Davis. ' \ JVDait^g^^i'ftQvyr^ fo wai. M:R^. IV. JVI. HOL.X HAS OPENED NEW MILLINERY ROOMS, CForvterly occuj>ied by Mrs. Bailey,) MAIZSHolLLTOirjV, - - - IOWA. Dr. ^^^M. H. MARVIISr, Office over W. W. Miller's Boot and Shoe Store, IVIARSHALLTOW/V, - - - lO'WA. ALL. WOKK WARPtANTKU. (165) AA^. S. RICE, DEALER IN GENERAL MERCHANDISE Dry Goods, Groceries, Crockery, BOOTS & SHOES, Hats and Caps. IN NEW SPLENDID BRICK BLOCK, West Main Street, MARSHAILTOWN, IOWA. Call and examine our Goods and learn our prices, (166) S. L^O E Y, DEALER IN FlMIfll Two Doors West of Marshall House, M^RSHALLTO^^i^, (167) iU^BOTT & KNISELY, Foreign and Domestic la^iiWM STOVES AND TIN WARE, CUTLERY, Sporting Apparatus, Plows, Wagon Materialj AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, &c., Opposite JTIarsliall House, MARSHALLTOWN, IOWA, (lUS) ■■f '■'... I V LIBRARY OF CONGRESS lii ill I III nil III llliillil 016 086 643 3