ifacts 1905 * 1006 Pass r hl^ JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS PREPARED FOR THE JACKSONVILLE BOARD OF TRADE BY CHARLES H. SMITH. SECRETARY THE H. & W. B. DREW COMPANY JACKSONVILLE FLORIDA 1906 FEB 4 1910 C. E. GARNER, President. SECOND VICE PRESIDENT BOARD OF GOVKUXORS. HOAItU OF (JOVEKXOUS. History of the Board. Organized February 7, 1884. The first meeting held for the purpose of forming a Board of Trade in Jacksonville met at the office of Col. John Q. Burbridge, January 31, 1884. Colonel Burbridge presided, and Henry S. Ely, Esq., acted as Secretary. About twenty business men attended; and, after a general discussion of the necessity of such an organization, a resolution was formally adopted declaring that *^the interests of Jacksonville demand the organization of a Board of Trade."' Messrs. Jacob Huff, James R. Challen and J. E. Hart were thereupon appointed a committee to prepare an address to the citizens, asking their co-operation in organizing the proposed Board, and Dr. A. S. Baldwin and Messrs. John Clark, James R. Challen, John P. Varnum and I^opold Furchgott were appointed a committee to draft and report a constitution. At a meeting held February 1, 1884, a constitution was reported and adopted. At a meeting held February 18, 1884, Hon. George F. Drew. ex- Governor of Florida, and head of the hardware firm of George F. Drew & Co., was chosen President of the Board; and J. E. Hart, proprietor of the St. Johns Elevator and Hominy Mills, James M. Schumacher, cashier of the First -National Bank of Florida, Morris A. Dzialynski, carriage, wagon and harness dealer, and John Q. Burbridge, real estate dealer, were elected Governors of the Board. At the same meeting the engrossed constitution was presented, and forty gentlemen subscribed their names to it as members. At this date, August, 1905, the member- ship is over four hundred. The Jacksonville Board of Trade. ITS OBJECTS. The objects of this Board of Trade are to foster, encourage, and develop the mercantile and manufacturing interests of Jacksonville and 10 THE JACKS0X7ILLE BOARD OF TRADE. its suburbs, to collect, preserve, and circulate useful information concerning the city, its trade, industries and advantages ; to study the workings of the great system of transportation, upon which our commercial and industrial prosperity so much depends, and to endeavor to remedy, by all proper means, the defects and abuses therein, so far as they injuriously affect our interests; to obtain fair and equitable rates of freight to and from Jacksonville, and prevent, if possible, discriminations in favor of other cities; to secure the abatement of vexatious and unjust overcharges, and insure prom])t settlements of damages on goods shipped; to encourage wise and needful legislation, and oppose the enactment of laws which might injuriously affect our manufacturing and commercial interests ; to agree upon commercial forms and regulations; to i)romote integrity, fair dealing and good faith among, and adjust and determine disputes and differences l)etween, business men; to inculcate the highest i)rinci]>les of honor, equity, and business morality in tlu^ community; to forward the improvement of our river and harbor and api)roaches thereto, the erection of needful public buildings, and the swift transportation and speedy and accurate delivery of the mails, by using our utmost influence to secure from the General Government that share of the National appropriations to which we are justly entitled; and, generally, to strive with united effort to increase the wealth, industries, influence, trade and population of the city of Jacksonville and its suburbs. SOCIAL FEATURES. The Board of Trade is not. as its name might indicate, a trading board where members meet daily to deal in market products or stocks and bonds, but is an organization for promoting the material interests of Jacksonville particularly, and the State generally. It has been found that, in addition to its regular monthly meetings, a more general interest is created and fostered by occasional collations and entertainments, which tend to promote good fellowship among its members. The auditorium of the building (a picture of which is shown on another page) is freely opened for the use of conventions and other public meetings (excluding political meetings). Until May 2, 1893, the Board of Trade was a nonincorporated body, and for the first nine years of its organization occupied rented rooms. But in 1893 the Board was duly incorporated under the laws of Florida, and, in conjunction Avith the Jacksonville Library Association and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, a half lot was purchased at the northeast corner of Main and Adams Streets, bonds were issued to the amount of |21,000, bearing six per cent interest, and a building was JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. 11 erected for the joint occupancy of the three organizations. This building was destroyed in the great fire of May 3, 1901. But in 1903 an additional half lot was purchased, new bonds were issued to the amount of |50,000 (the old bonds having been paid off by the amount received from insurance), and a new building was erected, much larger and finer than the old one. of which the Board of Trade is the sole owner. Jacksonville— What It Is. Tt is a cosmopolitan city. It has a ifopulation of about 48,000. It is located on the noble St. Johns Kiver, which, with its tributaries, affords 1,000 miles of inland navigation. It has a Avater front of seven and two-tenths miles. Its area in square miles is seven and six-tenths. It is the gateway to Florida and the West Indies. It is further west than any other Atlantic port. Tt is nearer than any port north of Charleston to St. Louis and the Northwest. It is within a short distance of the great coal and iron regions of Alabama. . It has direct communication with every important city in the United States via ten railway systems. It has direct ocean steamship communication with Boston, New York, I'hiladelphia and Baltimore. It is better located than any city farther north for the trade with the eastern coast of South America. It has become one of the principal naval stores marts of the country. It has a floating dock of 4,200 tons capacity (the largest private dock south of Newport News, Va.), also two large ship yards. It is the business metropolis of Florida. Tt has seven banks of Avhich the combined caj^ital and suri)lus is $2,550,000. It has twenty-eight Avholesale groceries. It has Avholesale and retail houses in every line of merchandise. It has about two hundred factories, great and small. It has ten great saw and planing mills, and sash, door and blind factories. The American De Forest Wireless Telegraph Company has a station here. 12 THE JACKSONVILLE BOARD OF TRADE. The Snntlun'u Bell Telephone has about two thousand subscribers, and has long-distance telephone service to New York and other Northern cities. Its annual trade is about |1(I0,()0(),0()0. It is a desirable place of residence, its mortality averaging ten in one thousand — the lowest in the United States. It has a delightful climate, with a mean temi)erature of seventy degrees, and is cooler in summer than most Northern cities. It has churches of all denominations. It has good schools and a fine business college. It has an opera house and other places of amusement. It has a number of fine buildings devoted to social and charitable purposes, viz. : Seminole Clubhouse, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Wheelmen's Club. Woman's Club, Masonic Temple, Odd Fellows Hall, Daniel Memorial Ori)lianage, Home for Aged Women, St. Lukes Hospital, St. Marys Home, Confederate Veterans Home, DeSoto Sanatorium. It has a fine i»ublic library (Carnegie's). It will shortly have an ui»-to-date Young Men's Christian Association Building. It has twenty miles of trolley lines; over ten miles of brick pave- ments; about fourteen miles of shell street and drives already constructed and provided for by ordinance, and several beautiful parks. It has gas and electric light plants. It has artesian wells yielding 5,000,000 gallons of pure water daily. It has an excellent sanitary and drainage system. It has an efficient fire department, and a fire-ahirm telegraph. It has excellent daily and Aveekly newspapers and monthly magazines. It has twenty feet de])th of Avater in the St. Johns River between Jacksonville and the ocean, with good i)rospects of having twenty-four feet in the immediate future. It is within thirty minutes' ride of one of the finest ocean beaches in America. It has the largest and most influential Board of Trade in the South. On May 3, 1901, over 2,600 buildings in the principal business and residence part of the city were destroyed by fire, involving a loss of about $15,000,000. At this date ( August, 1905) over 5,000 buildings have been or are being rebuilt, the value of which exceeds |30.000,000. Jacksonville prospers by the development of the State of Florida. * 1 I 1< * /1Ay£N5 PHOTO. 1 I i^; P ! M THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BUILDING. 2°.^'' THE ARMORY. JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. The Opinion of Hon. Leslie iVI. Sinaw, Secretary of United States Treasury. "What do I think of Jacksonville? I think that it is one of the best towng ^ I have ev er^visitfid. It is a gem for bnsiness, and from what 1 learn of the State, both from the people here and from what comes to me in an official way, it ivS one of the most prosperous States in the Union. ''I greatly enjoyed my meeting with the Jacksonville Board of Trade. I learned one thing: That it is one of the most active bodies that I ever met, and I was gratified to know that there was a great deal of interest in the discussions which arose during the reception. I was glad to see the spirit of business ])redominated over politics. It speaks well for Jacksonville and the State. ''To say that I have enjoyed my visit to Jacksonville would be putting it mildly. I have had a most enjoyable time. I have met bankers and other business men who have enthused me with their business methods and their great enterprise. The bankers whom I have met are among the leading business men of the South, and I find that they are enthusiastic and alive to the business interests of their States. Of course if I had selected the time to come to Florida I would have named January instead of June, but I have really found the climate here delightful for all that. ''I do not saj' it because I am in this part of the country, but I have always responded when there came a request for money to place in the banks of the South. I have admired the manner in which the business men of the South have labored for the business interests of their sections, and it has certainly been a pleasure to me to have met so many of them while on this trip." THE JACKSOXVILLE BOARD OF TRADE. Jacksonville's Splendid Location for Trade. The fact that Jacksonville is farther west than any other Atlantic ]»()rt in the world is Avorthy of consideration. The coast line tnrns slightly west of south from New York to Cape Hatteras, to the mouth of the St. Johns. On account of this trend of the ocean to the Avestward Southern ports are nearer to the geographical center of the country than are the ports of the North. Jacksonville is nearer than any port north of Charleston to St. Louis, Kansas City and all parts of Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota and Montana, and the States west and south of them, and is nearer to them than is Charleston or Savannah. Coming farther south, Jacksonville is the nearest Atlantic port. This is true of distance in a direct line. Practically the same is true of distances by direct rail. The railroad map is constantly being changed by the addition of new lines. The distance in a straight line never changes, and it is the ultimate possibility of railroad development. Another natural advantage that Jacksonville has in transportation from the interior is found in the fact that the lines to this city come south of the mountains. The most direct line to the geographical center of the country would pass through mountains only near Birmingham, where they are not high as farther to the north and west. Jacksonville can be reached without the necessity of such heavy grades as are necessary farther north, and as a result engines can pull heavA' trains, thus making a sav^^g in reaching Jacksonville that could not be made in reaching the coast farther north. All that is needed to make this city a great shipping point — a point from which the business of the country can be more economically handled than it is handled now — is deeper water. An appropriation to secure a de])th of water at Jacksonville sufficient to float the largest ships in the world would, of course, benefit this place more than any other, but its benefits would extend to a greater or less extent across the country, and to some extent would be felt by producers a thousand miles distant. Harbor improvement is never purely local in its benefits. The cities of the interior get their share. This muchTias been said without special reference to the South American trade. Jacksonville is better located than any other city farther north for the trade with the eastern coast of South America — a trade that our producers are making- effort to gain. Nothing will help so much to gain it as deep water through ports on the most direct route. It is esDeciallv true that so far as the South JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. 21 American trade is coiiceriied eveiy American who produces for export is interested in the improvement of the extreme southern harbors of the United States. The recent appropriation by Congress of |1,300,000 for the improve- ment of the St. Johns insures ns twenty-four feet of water from Jaclvsonville to the ocean as soon as the work can be accomplished for which the appropriation was made. NAVAL STORES. The growth and development of the naval stores business is interest- ing and worthy of special notice. Manufacturers and exporters of these products of the yellow pine forests first began at Norfolk, Virginia. As the forests were denuded in that section, Wilmington, North Carolina, became an important shipping port ; and for years the " Old North State " was considered the home of tar, pitch and turpentine. Charleston, South Carolina, followed Wilmington, and was succeeded by Savannah, Georgia, through, which port large quantities of naval stores are still handled, but the business, according to the recent report of the Savannah Board of Trade, is gradually declining, and now Jacksonville, Florida, is coming rapidly to the front. The reckless and wasteful methods that have heretofore prevailed among the operators have '^ killed the goose that laid the golden egg " in most of the States named. The Herty-cup system, which is now being largely adopted, will prolong the life of the trees indefinitely, and transform a transient into a permanent business in Florida. THE JACKSONVILLE BOARD OF TRADE. Banking Figures Show City's Growth. The remarkable growth of Jacksonville is best demonstrated by the increase in the figures connected with the Clearinghouse which is conducted at the Commercial Bank. Figures prom August 1, 1903, to August 1, 1904. August I 2,325,786.08 September 2,050,400.45 October 3,329,548.69 November 2,971,665.31 December 3,265,912.45 January 3,354,540.94 February 3,465,866.59 March '. : 3,815,615.94 April 3,716,545.56 May 3,652,010.78 June 3,476,623.50 .Julv 3,321,561.15 I 39.352.098.44 Figures from August 1, 1904, to August 1, 191)5. August I 3,381,098.77 September 3,208,433.66 October 3,620,976.63 November 3,881,629.12 December 4,310,546.35 Januarv 5,041,683.16 February 4,423,910.12 March 5,507,996.71 April 4,652,102.80 May 5,537,340.13 Jum^ 4,712,518.95 Julv 4,696,278.69 $ 52,974,529.09 39,352,098.44 Increase over the previous year I 13,622,430.65 JACKt^OXriLLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. 23 Jacksonville as an Important Food Market. TwEXTY-NixE Wholesale Grocery Houses. Which is More Than New Orleans (With Ten Times the Population) AND Savannah Combined. Jacksonville luis hveuty-nine wholesale grocer v houses doing an annual business of more than |12.000,000. This is more than Xew^ Orleans has, Avhich is a city of ten times the population. It is more than Wilmington, North Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, and Savannah, Georgia, combined, have. The wholesale business of New Orleans, Wilmington, Charleston and Savannah has been the gradual development of more t han one hundred ye ars. The wholesale business of Jacksonville has been a development of le ss than twentv vetu 's. The firm of C. B. Rogers & Co. started business in Jacksonville in 1886. At that time there were two wholesale grocery houses in Jacksonville, Wightman & Christopher, and Tysen & Smith. At that time the annual wholesale business done in eTacksonville was exceedingly small. The large wholesale grocery establishments of Charleston, Savannah, New Orleans and Mobile controlled the Florida business. With the advent of the C. B. Rogers Co., the wholesale business of Jacksonville received an impetus that has pushed it up to its present magnificent proportions. New concerns entered the field each year and the development was gradual until about three years ago. The foundation of the naval stores business in Jacksonville about four years ago, brought about by the establishment of the Florida Naval Stores Company and the Mutual Naval Stores Company, had a remarkable efifect on the wholesale grocery business. Almost coincident with the establishment of these companies, and the consequent development of the naval stores industries of Florida, was the establishment of many wholesale groceiy houses. When the Consolidated Naval Stores Company was formed by a merger of the Florida Naval Stores Company, the Mutual Naval Stores Company and naval stores companies of Savannah, Brunswick and Pensacola, renewed activity in the wholesale grocery business was begun. A movement of large and prosperous concerns from Brunswick and Savannah to Jacksonville, which began soon after the formation of the first naval stores companies in this city, rapidly materialized into the present remarkable showing. One of the most 24 THE JACK80XVILLE BOARD OF TRADE. iHi])()rtai]t fiictoi-s in the (Ievel<)])ineiit of this business in Jacksonville is the great advantage enjoyed by this point in cheapness and facility in making shipments. Jacksonville's importance as a terminus of the great Southern railroad systems of the country and as a seaport gives the business houses located here peculiar advantages in the way of freight rates from the markets, and its position as the gateway to Florida places it advantageously as a distributing point for the larger part of Florida and a considerable part of Southern Georgia and Alabama. The result of this development of the wholesale grocery business of Jacksonville has been the wresting of the control of Florida business from other cities and placing it almost entirely in the hands of Jack- sonville merdiants. That all of these wholesale Itusiuess houses of Jacksonville are enjojing prosperity and are annually increasing their business is an evidence of the healthy business condition of all Florida. Traveling salesmen representing the large manufacturers of food products in the country come to Jacksonville many times a year. They are most reliable barometers of business conditions. They report that Jacksonville merchants are large buyers and that they discount their bills, thus making them among the best customers that they have in the country. This development of the wholesale business in Jacksonville has brought along with it the development of another branch of business. Manufacturers of food ]U'oducts are now represented in this city by brokers, and the number of brokers and the amount of business done by them has kept pace with the progress of the wholesale grocery establishments. This development is by no means a past develoi)nient. It is going on now. ?sew business houses of this class are being established almost every nionlli. For the year 1904 two concerns with large capital have commenced business in Jacksonville, and the develoi)ment bids fair to continue throughout the year as it has begun. ■JACKSONVILLE A1\D FLORIDA FACTS. Jacksonville as a Place of Residence. There is itiobably no cit}' in the United States that offeis so many attractions as a ]>laee of residence as does the city of Jacksonville. It is sitnated on the banks of the noble St. Johns River, a river which extends almost the entire length of the State, and which affords ample opportnnities to sportsmen, yachtsmen and fishermen to indulge in their favorite pastimes. It is within forty minutes by rail of the Atlantic Ocean and one of the finest seaside resort hotels in America. Standing upon high ground and well drained by creeks that flow through it, and by the great river sweeping round it, the city enjoys advantages of fortunate sanitary topography, and its natural healthiness has been improved by perfect drainage, sewerage and other necessary sanitation. It has a splendid supply of almost chenii cally pure Avat er. obtained from artesian wells which are smik tothe depth of about one thousand feet. The climatic conditions are as near perfect for pleasurable existence as can be found in America. It is not only a very attractive winter resort, but even the summers are not as uncomfortable as in most Northern cities, for it is fanned by delightful breezes from the Atlantic Ocean. The popul ation is cosmopolit an — probably as much so as any city of its size in the United States — and strangers who come here to make this their home always find a generous and hearty welcome. The school advantages are excellent, and are being rapidly improved. There are churches of all denominations, and the very best amusements are afforded the people of the city. Jacksonville being on the Southern circuit, the best attractions that visit the largest cities of the South come to Jacksonville. Ttolley lines run through all parts of the city and into the suburbs, and there are a number of fine parks and pleasure resorts. There are miles of paved streets and beautiful shell drives. The mortality reports show that Jacksonville is one of the healthiest cities in this country. Since the great fire of May, 1901, not only have fine business blocks been erected, but many costly and elegant residences, and in the suburbs, which were not touched by the fire, there are as handsome residences as can be found in any city of its size. There are also numerous dwellings of more modest type, which are the homes of traders and mechanics, of which they themselves are the owners. It may be imagined that because Jacksonville is in the extreme South that it is an isolated city, but with nine railroads extending to all portions of the country, 26 THE JACKSOXriLLE BOARD OF TRADE. and elegant Clyde steaiii.sliips luuiiiug triweekly to Xew York and Boston, and not only telegraphic communications with all parts of the Avorld, but with long-distance telephone, it is in touch with all the great business centers of the country. Parties who desire to move South in order to avoid the rigorous winters of the North, or those who are seeking a healthy resort with ideal climatic conditions and social advantages, certainly should visit this citv to investigate its advantages before locating elsewhere. Temperature and Precipitation Data for 33 Years at Jacksonville, Florida, as compiled by U. S. "Weather Bureau Officials. MONTHS Mean Average Rainfall 55 3.0 58 3.4 63 3.5 68 2.9 75 4.0 80 5.5 82 6.2 82 6.2 78 8.2 71 5.2 63 2.4 56 3.1 January February March April May June July August September October November December *Occured January, 1886. •i-Occured February, 1899. This was the coldest weather in (50 yeai-t iOccured December, 1894. JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. 27 To Investors. The financial condition of the city of Jacksonville is very satisfac- tory. The total indebtedness of the city is represented by bonds to the amount of .fl.MOS.OOO, payable May 15. 1024, with interest paid «emi-annnal]y at five per cent per annum. The city has no floating indebtedness. Four hundred thousand dollars of the bonded indebtedness Avas issued November 15, 1901, of the Waterworks and Electric Plant, public buildings and street pavements, and to i>ay all the outstanding- indebtedness not secured by bonds. The city of Jacksonville has never defaulted in the payment of any -of its bonds, and has pledged, to secure its bonded indebtedness, the Waterworks and Electric Plants owned by the city of Jacksonville. The city owns probably asgooda_vvaterworks ]ilant as is owned by any city of its size in the country, and derives its water supply from artes ian wells, driven about ten hu ndred feet de ep, which furnish an abundant flow of pure water. The city furnishes to its residents a supply of artesian water at twe^lv e^ dollars per annum for each house, allowing for that «um an average of three hun dred gallons per day by the year. The city also oavus an electric plant thoroughly up to-date in all respects, and furnishes electricity to all its residents at the rate of seven cents per thousand Avatts for incandescent lights, and seA'en dollars and flfty cents per month for tAA'O-thousand candle-poAver arc lights. There is no other city in the country as_weIL and as clieaj)lvjiglvted. A family of ordinary size can light for Iavo dollars per month if the lights are economically used, and ninety-flAe per cent of the residences in this city are thus lighted. The profit out of commercial lighting pays all the cost of operating the plant, and leaves a handsome surplus. The profits of the Avater and electric plants had, for fome years prior to the great fire of May 3. 1901, paid the entire interest on bonded indebtedness of the city, and, after paying all expenses of operation, left a surplus eA'ery year for extension of those plants, and Avill, beyond doubt, be able to continue to pay hereafter the entire interest on the bonded debt, Avith a continually and rapidly increasing surplus, so that the bonded indebtedness of the city can not properly be said to be a burden upon taxable property of the city. The assessed valuation of the property Avithin the city is : Real estate -f 13,451,760 Personal 3,835,120 Total I 17,289,880 28 THF: JACKf^ONVILLE BOARD OF TRADE. Upon whicli the tax ]evy is sixteen and two-tenths niills on the dollar, excepting upon that part of the ])i<)iiei-ty which lies in the out- skirts of the city beyond reach of tire hydrants, n]»on which the tax levy is twelve and one-half mills only. It is considered that the assessment of real estate is two-thirds the salable value of the property, but on personal property the assessment is very much less, and it is safe to say that the city taxation does not equal one cent on the dollar on the salable value of the i>roperty within the citv. Jacksonville's Progress. Dnriny the {)ast twelve months eighty-live com})anies have l)een chartered, with an aggregate cai)ital of |11,217,000. The following is a list of charters recorded by the clerk of the circuit court: 1 company, the capital of which is '? l.^.lo.OOO 4 companies capitalized at |1,000.0()0 each 4,(Mi(),(100 4 companies capitalized at |oOO,()()0 each 2.0()0.00(> 1 comjiany ( a]titalized at :')<)( 1.(100 2 companies cai)italized at .f250,000 each 500,000 1 company cajntalized at 200,000 1 company capitalized at 12."). 000 15 comjianies cai»italized at $100,000 each 1,000,000 1 company ca{)italized at 75,000 1 company capitalized at (50,000 11 companies capitalized at $50,000 each 550,000 1 company cai»italized at 45,000^ 1 company capitalized at 35,000 3 companies capitalized at |30,000 each !»0,000' 8 com])anies capitalized at |25,000 each 200.000 30 comiianies each capitalized at from .fl,000 to .|20.000 2,870,000 85 111.217,000 There are other projects c(>ntenii)]ated and under way, involving an expenditure of millions more. ■■r:.lliintlfltk ^'mm^^ -^^ i» FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. ^d^ e ■ J •• BETHEL BAPTIST INSTITUTIONAL CHURCH. (Colored.) JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. 37 Spirit of the South at Jacksonville. Fire-Swept Three Years Ago — Restored and Progressive To-Day. [Editorial Correspondence Manufacturers' Record.] Jacksonville. Fla., May 23, 1904. On May 3, 1901, Jacksonville was swept by fire, which started at midday. At 6 o'clock nothing was left standing in an area of more than fonr hundred acres. More than 2, GOO houses were burned, a very large proportion of them of the better class of residences, as well as business houses, and that night 14,000 people, out of a total of about 30,000, were homeless. The aggregate loss was about |16, 000.000, with insurance of IG.OOO.OOO, leaving a net loss of about |10,000.000. This means a gross loss of |500 for every man, woman and child, white and black, in the city, or a net loss per capita over insurance of above |300. The magni- tude of this can be appreciated when compared with the extent of Baltimore's fire. Had the loss in Baltimore been as great in proportion to population as in Jacksonville, the gross loss would have been over 1250,000,000, the net loss beyond insurance over |150,000,000, and 250,000, or nearly one-half of its population, would have been homeless. It was such a situation as this that Jacksonville faced on the night of May 3, 1901. How did it meet the emergency? The morning after the fire Jacksonville faced a situation before which the stoutest heart might well have been appalled; for. unlike the Baltimore fire, Avhich was confined to the business district, the Jackson- ville fire swept away residences and business houses alike. Three years have passed and, except for the destruction of the beautiful shade trees which lined the streets of the cit}", it is a far greater and far more attractive city than before the fire. The old houses have been replaced by new and modern structures. Where 2,000 houses then stood there are now considerably over 3,000, costing nearly |25,000,000. Business of every kind has expanded, men have taken broader views of Jacksonville and its future and of the whole State, and during my stay here I have not been able to find a single pessimist. Optimism rules everywhere. Stir, activity and life are in the air. In the hotels, in the clubs, every- where, men are talking of the prosperity of the State, of the great development in diversified agriculture, of the phenominal profits which are being made in early vegetables — profits surpassing the stories told about the fortunes made in fruit-growing in California. When the great freeze practically destroyed the orange industry of the State it was 38 THE JACK^OyVILLE BOARD OF TRADE. siil»]i(tsed that Florida had ii-ceived a bh)\v t'loin wliich it iniiiht nevor fully recover. On the contrary, it is today regarded by everyone in the State, except the immediate losers by the freeze, as a great blessing. It turned the attention of the ])eople from oranges, on which all interest was being centered and on Avhich the prosjierity of the State was then staked, to diversified farming, to pinea])itles, tomatoes, potatoes, straw- berri(^s, celery, and many other things which are yielding profits that sometime.'^ read almost like a fairy tale, but which are proven by bank accounts. ^loreover. Avith a better understanding of the orange business, and with a knowledge of the fact that once in a long period there may come another destructive freeze, the growers have adopted better methods and are better able to i)rotect tluMr trees should it ever come. For the first few years after the freeze this industry languished, but gradually men of energy took hold of it again, and orange-growing promises to ]>rove as great in extent and far more profitable than it was before — the estimate of some being that this year's crop will reach 3,000,000 boxes. It is by no means im})robable that below the frost line there will be developed an orange industry rivaling that of Cali- fornia, Avhere 9,000,000 boxes are now raised. But the entire orange business in Florida might be destroyed, and still the State would become one of the most prosperous in the Union. With its diversity of soil, its great lumber and turpentine interests, its jihosphate business, its charm of climate for winter tourists, it has. outside of the orange business, sources of wealth sufficient to bring an abundant harvest of prosperity. It is just beginning its real develoinuent, just beginning to command the attention of the outside world, and its own jieople are just beginning to realize the greatness of their opjiortunities. But coming back to Jacksonville. The spirit of the town is illus- trated in the Board of Trade, an organization intended not for trading purposes, but which has been formed for the exclusive object of the general advancement of the city. The annual dues are .f20.00. and in a town of thirty-five thousand people it has about four hundred members. After the fire it was decided to erect a handsome Board of Trade building at a cost of |50,000, and bonds for this amount were promptly taken by the members. The new building is a very attractive structure, with a main hall intended for special meetings, with a capacity for seating five hundred to six hundred peojile. It is proposed to enlist the co-operation of the good women of the city by giving in this room three or four i)ublic meetings or receptions a year, to which the women will be welcomed. At the opening of the Board of Trade building on May 18, probably one-half of the audience were ladies. Rents from portions of the building not needed for the purposes of the Board i)ay the interest on the bonds, taxes, etc., and leave some surplus towards JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. 39 the general work of tlie organization. The spirit of tliis body — live, active, energetic, ahvays doing things for the advancement of the city — ■ is admirably typical of the s{)irit of Jacksonville, from which Baltimore especially, and all other cities, could learn some valuable lessons. Jacksonville is the best illustration which I have seen of vitrified brick paving. Broadly speaking, the entire city is splendidly paved with vitrified brick, and it is the cleanest city of which I know. Its streets look like thej had been scoured every night. This feature especially impressed itself upon me by reason of having just left the dust and dirt and debris of Baltimore, where municipal incompetency has so signally failed in making ])rogress towards cleaning up the city after the fire. Nowhere in the country have I heard more optimistic talk nor seen greater evidences of rapidly increasing prosjjerity than in Jacksonville, and people from all jjarts of the State tell the same story of conditions throughout all Florida. The business men are alert and energetic, as illustrated in the case of one concern, and that was but typical of many. A big hardware house in ten days after the fire had built a new house one hundred feet square and stocked it Avith $80,000 worth of hardware, all of which had in the meantime been brought from the North and West. That is a s])irit of hustle and ''go'' which is; doing things here, and which did things at the time of the fire. The hotels are crowded and are constantly turning away people, even at this season of the year, and additional hotel accommodations are badly needed. The whole place reminds one very strongh' of the energy and the spirit of co-operation which, away back in the early eighties, gave Atlanta such a start that it has never since had time to slack up. With the deepening of the bar at the mouth of tlie St. Johns (and the St. Johns River, a mile and a half wide at Jacksonville, is a stream which for magnitude and beauty has never been appreciated), now under way. t^venty-four feet have already been obtained, though this was not at low water, and it is not ottlcially announced by the army engineers, Jacksonville ought to become one of the leading ports of the Atlantic coast. The St. Johns River, running up hill as it doe», or from south to north, is really a magnificent stream, and when once ample depth has been secured across the bar Jacksonville will have a harbor surpassed by few places. At this point the river makes a bend, which gives a frontage here of many miles. The Atlantic Coast Line owns as an inheritance from the Plant System an unusually- attractive body of land with a very long water frontage covering some hundreds of acres at a point where the river is fulh' a mile and a half wide, judging not by actual measurement, but by the eye. Here it is proposed to spend about $1,500,000 in developing terminals, piers and wharfs for lumber and naval stores, phosphate, etc., with the most modern facilities for 40 THE JACKSONVILLE BOARD OF TRADE. handling such products, the intention being to make this an ocean outlet for a vast traffic, drawing to this port cotton, lumber, turpentine, and other freight from the whole wide stretch of territory reached by the Coast Line and its connections. With a harbor far greater than has been appreciated by the business world (in fact, a harbor which ought to guarantee all needed government aid to secure any depth desired in the river, since there is ample depth across the bar) Jacksonville ought rapidly to take rank as an export city of commanding importance. Certainly if untiring energy, if hearty, whole-souled co-operation, if broad views of broad-minded men of energy and push account for any- thing in this world, then Jacksonville may safely be ranked as among R. H. E. AGeographical Description of Florida. Tt is essential to those contemplating the establishment of homes in a new country, that they have a fair idea of the geography of the section in which they are interested; so, considering the position of Florida, and its unusual conformation, a knowledge of its geography becomes interesting as well as necessary. Florida is the most southerly State in the United States, and lies between 241/0 degrees and 31 degrees north latitude, and between 80 degrees and 8S degrees west longitude from Greenwich. The total area of the State is put down at 59,268 square miles, or 37,931,520 acres; of this area, according to the latest United States census, the total land surface is 54.240 square miles; the total area covered by water, composed of lakes, rivers and ponds, is 5,028 square miles. The length of the State from its northern boundary to the south end of the peninsula is something over four hundred miles, the average width of the peninsula is about one hundred miles, and that portion of the State lying along ai.d between the States of Georgia and Alabama and the Gulf of Mexico averages about sixty miles in width, though much narrower in some places. From its geographical position, being in the same latitude as the northern half of Mexico and southern China, it is natural to suppose that the climate is hot, but its comparative degree of heat is not accurately indicated by its latitude, because the temperatures that might be expected from its geographical position are controlled in gi'eat measure by its; peculiar shape, bringing the whole surface in close proximity to the ocean currents which influence to a great degree its JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. 41 entire climatic couditious. The narrowness of tlie State and its conse- quent exposure to tlie fructifying influence of the balmy ocean winds produces a pleasantness and salubrity of climate, and a ])ower of vegeta- tive production truly wonderful. The surface of the State, taken as a whole, is comparitively level ; the most level portion being in the east and southern sections of the State, though there are numerous points in the parts just mentioned where considerable areas of country are from one hundred to two hundred and fifty feet above sea level ; in the northern, north central and western portions of the State the greater portion of the country is quite hilly, many points having an altitude of two hundred to three hundred feet above tide water. Of the geographical features most imijortant the most noticeable is the great length of coast line, almost 1,200 miles, which is also remark- able for the great numbers of bays, making the entire coast accessible, and containing a number of the finest harbors in the United States. Into these bays flow numerous streams, many of them navigable, plied by numerous lines of steamboats, that supply facilities for commercial intercourse with interior points. A number of these rivers flow entirely across the State (the St. Johns River runs almost the entire length, rising far to the south and flowing due north), and in almost every case have at their mouths safe harbor for vessels in coasting trade, as well as for vessels of large draught. The principal harbors on the Gulf Coast are Pensacola, Tampa, Charlotte Harbor, Key West and Carrabelle, and on the Atlantic Coast, Fernandina, Jacksonville and Miami. Throughout the history of the world experience has invariably shown those countries blessed with water facilities for travel, transportation and commerce, are the ones that accumulated the greatest wealth, were I)rosperous and progressive. Florida has these facilities to a greater extent than any other state, for practically all of her territory is in close touch with the commerce of the ocean, through her harbors, wiiere her products may be transported to other climes or exchanged for wares from other parts of the world. Florida's Extent. The Everglades State is Larger Thax Most Folks Imagine. But few people have any conception of Florida's extent. Jackson- ville is about as far north of Miami as she is south of Charlotte. North Carolina; about as far north of Key West as she is south of Danville. 42 THE JACKliONYILLE BOARD OF TRADE. Mr<>iiii;i. Jonorance of the extent of Florida leads to many anmsiuo- mistakes. We soiiietiiiies hear the railroads of the State charged with inakiug poor time. Why, it takes over twenty-four hours to go from Pensacola to Miami. The man who makes this remark would think he was traveling on a flier if he made the trip from Pensacola to Chicago in the same length of time it would take him to go to Miami. But there is very little difference in the distance. A land tri]) from one end of Florida to the other is as long as from the lakes to the gulf. A citizen of Elaine who makes up his mind to come south may get on the cars and pass through ^Nlaine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Xew Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Marvland, the District of Columbia and far into A^irginia. When he has done this he has taken no longer ride than he could have taken by an e(]ually direct line from one Florida town to another, and there are some men green enough to think they are making poor time when they find it takes them longer to go from Pensacola to Miami than from the eastern to the western side of Maine. Of course the old stagers do not make these amusing mistakes. They have a pretty clear conception of the geography of Florida. There are many, however, who come on their first visit with very hazv ideas of the State. Climate. ''Climate," says Humboldt, "taken in its general sens(\ in:licates all the changes in the atmosphere that sensibly atlect our organs, as temperature, humidit}-, fluctuation of barometer, jircssure. quietness of the atmosphere, winds direction, force and acfion, purity of the atmosphere and its adnuxture with vapor, or noxious exhalations of gaseous matter, transparency and clearness of sky in its relations to radiation of heat, to the organic development of })lants, etc., also with reference to its influence on the feelings and mental condition of mankind." In relation to these manifold elements of climate, Florida occupies a most favorable position, for the modifying influences in o])eration have produced a climate that for equability has few if any equals and no superior. As regards temperature, continued observations in various parts of the State show that it is not excessive in either extreme during the entire year, the range between winter and summer temperature being only about 2(1 degrees. The annual mean is about 70 degrees, that of spring about 71 degrees; summer, 80 degrees; autumn, 71 degrees; winter, 60 degrees. JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. ' 43 Health of the State. While it is not claimed for Florida that it contains the fonntain of perpetual youth vainly sought for by Ponce de Leon, yet it compares favorably with most of the States in the Union, as is sho\yn bv the following comparative death rate: Maine, one in 315; Massachusetts, one in 254; New York, one in 473; Pennsylvania, one in 462; Illinois, _oneJn379; Virginia, one in 557; Minnesota, one in 755; Flo rida "o^ in J^^447. The records also show that the ratio of deaths to the number of cases of remittent fever is much less in Florida than in any other section of the United States. In the central section of the United States the proportion is one death to 36 cases, in Northern section, one to 52; in the Southern, one to 54; in Texas, one to 78; in California, one to every 122; in New Mexico, one to each 148; while in Florida it is only one out of every 287. And the average annual mortality for the whole State is less than three per cent. Thus it can be seen that Florida can claim absolute supremacy over all competitors. Prices of Lands. The sale and disposal of all school and seminary lands is vested in the State Board of Education. The sale and disposition of all internal improvement and swamp and overflowed lands is vested in the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Fund. The Commissioner of Agriculture is the salesman of all school, seminary, internal improve- ment, swamp and overflowed lands. The price of the school, seminary and internal improvement lands ranges from |1.25 to |7.00 per acre; these lands can be sold for cash, or on the installment plan, which latter plan, however, is to actual settlers only. Payments on installment purchases are as follows: One-third cash at time of purchase, one-third at the end of two years from date of purchase, and the third and last payment at the end of the third year. All parties making application to purchase on the install- ment plan are required to make affidavit that they have improvements on the land applied for, and must state the kind and character of such improvements. He must also make affidavit that no other person has any imi)rovements of any sort or kind on the lands Avanted ; these facts 44 • THE JACKSONVILLE BOARD OF TRADE. must also be attested to by two sworn witnesses. When the above- mentioned affidavits, properly executed, with the full amount of the first payment, which is one-third of the i)urchase price, is delivered to the salesman of the land, a certificate of entry is given the purchaser and he holds it until the second and third payments are made; then the certificate of entry is surrendered to the salesman and a deed is issued to the purchaser. These installment certificates are assignable, and the assignee succeeds to all the rights and liabilities of the original purchaser. The purchaser is required to pay taxes on all lands entered on the installment plan from the date of the original entry. The swamp and overflowed land can generally be purchased, but the price is determined by the character and locality of the land ; it can also be purchased on the installment plan as above described. The actual settler can buy as many as eighty acres of this swamp land at twenty-five cents per acre if she or he will make affidavit that he or she is twenty-one years of age, or the head of a family, and that the entry is made for the purpose of acquiring a home, and that the application for said lands does not cover the improvements of any other person. No one can make two entries at twenty-five cents an acre. This law w^as intended to induce settlers to acquire a home at the lowest possible price. Stock Raising. Of the nearly 35,000,000 acres of land surface in Florida, about 4,500,000 acres are included in farms, improved and unimproved; thus leaving over 30,000,000 acres available as gi-azing lands for cattle and sheej). It is not to be inferred from this that no cattle or sheep are raised in Florida, for in reality there were on the ranges last year, in round numbers, about 000,000 cattle; what we want to show is that there is abundant room for 3,000,000 head in i)lace of the comparative small number noted above. It is for the purpose of demonstrating to- the thousands of people who are interested in stock raising outside of Florida that we make these statements, to prove to them that it is not necessary to go to the bleak Northwest, or the far Southwest in order to make stock raising a successful and highly profitable industry. Having the vast area above stated, unsurpassed in extent and suitability for the raising of live stock of every kind, it would seem unaccountable that this industry should so long remain in a comparatively chaotic or passive condition ; a reasonable solution of the trouble would seem to be two-fold : JACKSONVILLE AND FLORIDA FACTS. 45 tii-st, ignorance of the true situation on the part of those people in other states interested in such matters, mainly because the real conditions have never been placed before them in a proper and attractive form; second, because of a certain sort of prejudice that exists in the minds of many persons to the effect that the growing of stock can not succeed in what they are pleased, though erroneously, to call a hot climate, scourged with insect pests of every kind fatal to animal life. In the first instance people can not know the truth simply by intuition, and, in the second, there is absolutely not the slightest foundation for such belief. The truth is the climate of Florida is an ideal one for stock raising. In Southern Florida is found the greatest grazing region east of the Mississippi ; the climate is perfect, never cold enough to kill the grasses, which grow as green in January as in June, and where good water is in bountiful supply at all seasons of the year; even the longest drouth known has failed to produce a scarcity of water ; it is never hot enough to injure stock, and insect pests are only troublesome during parts of the months of May and June, after which time they disappear. In this countiw it is never so cold as to require housing, and feed does not have to be gi-own for winter use; the grasses grow the year round and stock thrives on it at all seasous. In all this territory the water supply never fails, as it does in the West— Texas, for instance, where herds'must be driven many miles to stagnant water holes, while thou- sands die of thirst on the way — something wholly unknown here. In Florida the hundreds of springs, creeks, rivers and lakes that never go dry furnish fresh water convenient to every pasture or range every moment of time; in fact, it is an undisputed truth that there is not a spot within the State that, surveyed from a common center for five miles around, running water will not be encountered; and as water is the most important factor in the make-up of a successful stock-raising country we lay this special stress upon the feature. We know of no other section of the country that can say as much. SHEEP RAISING. Sheep have done well in all sections of the State, though there are some localities better adapted to sheep husbandry than others. The larger flocks are found in West Florida, but there are localities in the far^Eastera and Southern portions of the State where the great prairies furnish fine pasturage. In fact, in every sectiou of the State there are large areas of lands, admirably adapted, which are now used for sheep pasturage. 46 THE JACKt^ H Paid in Capital $2,500,000. ^ H LIBERAL ADVANCEMENTS MADE TO TURPEN- h H TINE OPERATORS, j^ SEE US BEFORE ARR.ANG- h H ING ELSEWHERE. -^ ^ js^ \js^ JZ^ js^^js^ ^ H H TTTTTTTTITTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTITTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT liiXilliiillllililiiiiliXlillXillliliiiiiiiiiiliilllilil CONSOLIDATED: a LAND COMPANY, :^ JACKSONVILLE, : FLORIDA. Timber lands for sale to Naval Stores O perators a nd Saw Mill Men. jE^ jS^ jE/ j0 CALL TO SEE US OR WRITE X^ US WHEN IN NEED OF A h LOCATION. %?? ^«? ^^ ^ ^i? ^. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT 70 ADVERTISEMENTS. IHerrlll^Stevens Co. marine Construction and Repairs. Builders of Steamboats Boilers and machinery 4000 ton Tloatina Dock 1200 ton marine Railway $00 ton marine Railway Cauncb Dry Dock 600 to 654 €a$t Bay Street, Jacksonville «««««« fiorida. ADVERTISEMENTS. 71 illlMIlIB^siilllllElBIll®' ra GROCER! C. B. ROGERS. Frksident. W. A. Gallaher, Vice-Pres. E. A. Champlain, C. M. Covington. PRINCIPAL office: JACKSONVILLE, FLA. John Ball. Sec'y and Treas. R. F. Mitchell, Asst. .^ec'y and Treas. W. D. Gallaher. ' Elmo Th.^mes. BRANCH HOUSES : SAVANNAH, GA., PENSACOLA, FLA., TAMPA, FLA. M t We have on hand a Com- plete Assort- ment of Tools and Supplies for Turpen- tine Farms, including Hoop Iron, Glue and Bat- ting. Also Wagons and Harness. We are State Agents for the WHITE HICKORY WAGONS, •? r p r r r 'f t r r^-"# ^.>^™- -^ t 'J^'^""- r" Our stock of Heavy and Fancy Gro- ceries is the largest in the South and its constant re- newal is made necessary by orders re- ceived from a corps of nineteen salesmen. We repre- sent the Fair- bank Canning Co. (Packers of Meats in Florida). Hay, Grain and Feed in car loads or smaller quantities at the lowest market prices. Quotations promptly furnished on applica= tion. Send us your mail orders. Shipments made without delay. !llll®!lilSisilIMS!lIllilIHS!ll!M!li!ll®!3® 72 ADVERTISEMEKTH. J. D. HOLMES, President. JOHN D BAKER. Vice Prcs. E. F. EOWEN, Sec. & Treas. Baker & Holmes Company, I-:stablislieil LSS9. Wholesale Grocers. Jobbers of Grain. Hay. Lime Cement. State Ayents for Carrara Paint and Long (ioat Hair. Plaster Paris. Alpha Portland Fire Brick and Clay. Cement. THE STORY OF CARRARA PAINT The story of CARRARA PAINT is worth the telling and worth the reading. It's the story of a success, and success is always inspiring. Some years ago, a world-renowned chemist discovered the secret of a pigment which, in proper combination with linseed oil, produced a paint of marvelous toughness, coveting power, durability and beauty. He was firmly convinced that it was destined to revolutionize the paint business. He set about convincing others. Like every departure from the institutions of our grandfathers, this one was jeered, at. ridiculed and discounted by the very persons who should have been most interested in proving its worth. But the discoverer was not discouraged. He finally went to the head of a Baltimore concern and proposed to prove that his paint was better than any other Now, there is no place so hard on paint as a chemical laboratory. The fumes and gases cause white paint to turn yellow, and after the lapse of weeks, or at most months, entirely de- stroy the coating. In this particular factory the walls were painted white for the sake of light and cleanliness; painters were obliged to repaint frequently on account of discoloration and consequent lack of refleciin.g power. The discoverer knew that no gases, no washing, would have the slightest effect upon CARRARA. In his boundless earnestness and enthusiasm he exclaimed : "If I paint your factory and laboratory with CARRARA PAINT, and it is in good condition at the end of five years, will you put up the money to manufacture and market it?" He did not stop to think how long five years would be. Without a moments hesitation, the answer came: "Yes." The building was painted. At the end of a year the CARRARA PAINT man called and. finding the paint in as good a condition as when placed upon the walls, asked the Company if they were not ready to go ahead. "You said five years," was replied. Not a day, not an hour, would the men subtract from the allotted time. They wanted a thorough, practical test. It was weary waiting for the man with the secret of the pigment, but he was upheld by the certainty of success in the end, and five years from the date the agreement was made he had his reward. The paint was apparently unchanged. A sponge and warm water restored the dirtiest place to its original gloss and whiteness. The coating was tough and elastic, showing that the life of the paint was unimpaired The CARRARA COMPANY sprang into existence, and, from a small factory, has grown and expanded until it now operates the largest exclusive house-paint factory in the world. Messrs Baker & Holmes Co., Jacksonville, Fla. Mt. Dora P"la., July II, 1903. (Jentlemen:- 1 have used considerable of your paint. I think there is nothing like it. The reason I did not order any was that I got it from your agent in town, Mr. K. C. Tremain. ARTHUR ORTON, Contractor and Builder. Jacksonville, Fla., May 13, 1905. :Messrs. Baker & Holmes Co., City. Dear Sirs; — In regard to CARRARA PAINT. I used it in painting my house and barn, and I find after two years it is in excellent condition. I believe it will last me twice as long as any paint I have ever used. I think it is particularly suited for this climate. It keeps its finish better than any paint I have ever seen. Wishing you continued success with CARRARA, which it deserves, I am. Yours cordially, ROBT. W. SIMMS. Jacksonville, Fla., May, 13. 1905. Messrs. Baker & Holmes Co., City. Gentlemen:— Replying to your inquiry regarding CARRARA PAINT, will say that I painted my house with this a little more than two years ago. and I was greatly pleased with same, both in cost of material used and the appearance of the house afterwards. It was cer- tainly an exceedingly nice job, and the house looks about as well as it did right after it was painted. I should be glad to recommend CARRARA PAINT for you any time, and I certainly would not use any other. Yours very truly. C. W. ZARING. ADVER TI SEMEN TS. 73 /■ C. B. Van Deman Co. = WHOLESALE GROCERS =^ IMPORTERS AND MANUFACTURERS STATE AGENTS FOR: Clover Hill Butter, White House Coffee, Van Camp's Products, El Principe de Gales Cigars. i Our Fox River Butter is 5old under an Absolute Guarantee. If you value purity, you will find the acme of cleanliness represented in this butter. It makes friends everywhere. The White House Coffee is imported by us in carload quantities, and is guaran- teed to be entirely free from griazing- or other adulteration. Makes just the best cup of coffee you ever tasted. Every housewife should know about Van Camp's Cow in the Pantry. Their Cream is easily the best to be had in the world. What do you know of V.\x Camps Pork and Beans? EL PRINCIPE CIGARS THE ONLY KIND. Our Candy Pepartment is thoroughly equipped and our product will bear comparison with the best Manufactories in America. WILLIAM A. BOURS Established 1875 JAMES C. DARBY WILLIAM A. BOIRS & COMPANY THE OLDEST ESTABLISHED GRAIN AND SEED HOUSE IN THE STATE Hay, Crain, Feed, Garden Seeds, Poultry Supplies, Flour, Grits, Meal and Fertilizers- OUR MOTTO: Prompt Shipment. Reliable Goods. Catalogue Eree. 206 EAST BAY ST., JACKSONVILLE, FLA. 74 ADVER TL'^EMEN T8 . A r C. H. HARGRAVbS, Prcsidcn CHAS. M. LYNCH, Vice Pros. J. F. DUSENBURY, Trcas, ;. A. LYNCH. Sec. g0_ ■teil * hriJ Mwi IT 'f ^'■^ «■ ^. C. H. HARGRAVES COMPANY, JACKSONVILLE, FLA. J It's Up to You To increase the demand for your candies. That is easily done if you \vill only keep our high-grade Peanut and Cocoanut Brittle !n 25'Pound Boxes, Assorted. Order through your jobber or direct from us. We Manufacture and Carry a Full Line Stick Candy, Mixed Candy, Penny Goods, CiioGola^es and Pacl(age Goods. Send for Price List. THE E. J. SMITH CO., Jacksonville, Fla. JACKSONVILLE GROCERY COMPANY ^ WHOLESALE Grocers' and Distillers' Supplies. W. J. HARRIS, MANAGER. Office and Waretiouse Viaduct A. C. L R'|, JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA. ADVERTISEMENTS. 75 H. E. HARKISHEIMER, Presidf-nt. E. L. VORDERMARK, Sec'y and Treasurer. Cbe Elgin Butter Company OF FLORIDA. U iJ WHOLESALE DEALERS IN iJ ii Butter and €bee$e. Office, 718 W. Bay St. Cold Storage, 752 W. Bay St. JACKSONVILLF, FLORIDA. WILKISON ^_SPILLER FANCY GROCERIES IMPORTED SPECIALTIES OUR MOTTO : Not Lowest Price, but Best Goods. 327 WEST BAY ST. American Produce Co. FLORIDA'S LARGEST AND BEST FRUIT AND PRODUCE HOUSE. CONSIGNMENTS SOLICITED. 16 South Hogan St„ JACKSONVILLE, FLA. L I B E R. X Y M I Iv L NasHville, Teni>. DeSOTO FLOUR BEST ON EARTH T. A. JONES, Agt. Jacksonville, = Florida. 76 A OVERT 1 8 B M E N T« . THE RACE=CARTER CO., Inc. I HE STAFFORD & WARD CO. -HIGH GRADE PLUMBING- Roofing - Heating. 28 and 30 West Adams Street. g^AJUliUUJlJLaJLC ilP Jl ft jl Q Jl fi Jl 5 JLfi. 8 JJ ^,SiJUiSUiSiSL9.SlJiSlSi9.SiSLSL9.SiSLaJiSiJlSLSii F. 0. MILLERJ 419 West Bay Street, g JACKSONVILLE, FLA.E )o >o ^— >o >o Everything in £ Sewing \ Machines \ 1 PHONE 1217. ^ TELEPHONE NO. 1. ^ r •-^ C/) < 73 o < r n p w OFFICE NO. 752 WEST BAY ST. : Birj7nrri5"«'"o'^"?nr3"5'Y!^7nrTsiJirYTCft' IHE MARVIN SHOE CO., 233 West Bay Street, Everett Block. Leaders in up-to-date FOOT W^EAR For All Members of the Family. ADVERTI8EMEXTi ^ (S)®® g® ROBERT GAMBLE, President. A. BLOCK, N. M. BLOCK, Secretary-Treasurer. Vice-President. CAPITAL $300,000. Iticorporated. Florida Ice Mfg. Co. JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA. Daily Capacity 360 tons. Storage Capacity 6000 tons. ICE iflD[ OF m\m ME. Carload orders shipped to any point in Florida and Georgia upon short notice. r®®®®®®f 78 ADVERTISEMENTS. THE F LORIDA WHITE PRESSED BRICK CO., ( INCORPORATED ) Green Cove Springs and Jacksonville TRADE MARK X X Manufacturers and Sole Distributers == GRANITE ;=:;:=: GRANITE, SAND-LIME BRICK BUILDING BLOCKS "SYSTEM HUENNEKES" ALL DIMENSIONS Jacksonville Offices: Dyal=Upchurch BIdg. PHONE NO. 1894. COR. MAIN AND FORSYTH STS. JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA. REAL ESTATE. LOANS AND INVESTMENTS. CONSULTING CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. Rooms 4 and 5 Livingston BIdg. Telephone 771. ADVERTISEMENTI^. 79 £P'^^'^ DIAMONDS, WATCHES, JEWELRY. CLOCKS, SILVERWARE, FINE CHINA. EUROPEAN NOVELTIES, OBJECTS OF ART. MAIL ORDERS RECEIVE PROMPT ATTENTION. GREENLEAF & CROSBY CO., JEWELERSAND IMPORTERS, 41 W. BAY STREET. JACKSONVILLE, FLA, We invite a comparison of Prices, Write for our Illustrated Catalogue "D/* THE ONLY .GROWER OF CARNATIONS IN ■ FLORIDA. im ^ The Largest Florist Establishment in the State. Give us your Order: We'll do the rest. l^/I I I_. L. S THE FLORIST, 10 East 8th Street. JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA. 36 West Forsyth Street. ADVERTISEMENTS. .^f SOUTHERN DRUG MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Importers and Wholesale Druggists, JACKSONVILLE, _ - - FLORIDA FRANK S. GRAY, S. B. HUBBARD, JR.. JOHN FINIG, W. T. PAFSCNS Prest. 1st V. P. andTreas. 2n(l V. Prest. Secy. UTe S. B. Hubbard Co. Wholesale ai\d Retail Dealers in HARDWARE, Stoves, Tinware, Doors, Sash, Blinds, Paints, Oils, Farming Tools, Barbed Wire, IRON, STEEL AND AMMUNITION. Plumbing, Steam and Gas Fitting Supplies a Specialty. JACKSONVILLE, FLA. ADVERTISEMENTS. 81 THE CHRISTIE-GROOVER DRUG CO. WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, JACKSONVILLE £5 £5 £5 £2 £5 FLORIDA. THE LARGEST STOCK. GIVE. US YOUR ORDERS. THE BEST PRICES £ S. THE QUICKEST SE RVICE. J0' W. p. Richardson & Co H GENERAL CONTRACTORS AND BUILDERS. ^ Office-NEW CONSOLIDATED BUILDING. Phone 691. East Bay Street, P. O. Box 36. JACKSONVILLE, FLA. T.J. BROWN, WHARF AND BRIDGE BUILDER, SUB-MARINE DIVING. WRECKING AND GENERAL CONTRACTOR. £5 Office--No. 8 Herkimer Block £5 £3 £i JACKSONVILLE, FLA. FOR ANYTHING IN STONE, MARBLE OR TILE, ^ ^ ^ ^ MONUMENTAL OR BUILDING, SOUTHERN MARBLE & STONE CO. REED E. LaMANCE, Manager. 82 ADVERTISEMENTS. ROLAND WOODWARD, CONSULTING ENGINEER, ^^f^ Realty Building, Forsyth and Newnan Streets, JACKSONVILLE. FLA. ^V»V>»A/V*A^AA/*. G. H. RICHARDS Examinations and Surveys for flunicipal Im= provements. Sewer and Water Worlds, Railroad Bridges, Wharves, Deep Foundations, Canals, and Irrigation. THE HARKISHEIMER COMPANY LEALERS IN GROCERIES anJ HOTEL SUPPLIES A FULL LINE OF DELICATESSEN COR. MAIN AND FORSYTH STS. COR. MAIN AND 6TH STS. Long Distance and Local Telephone 77. ESTABLISHED 1877. INCORPORATED 1904. -TELEPHONE 660. ^llDilcH' &TCAM lAvTRDRV WASHINGTON STREET. High Grade Domestic "Work Only. Specialty : Shirts, Collars and Cuffs. ADVERTISEMENTS. 83 A. H. WEST. PRES. W. R. RANNIE, ViCE-PRES. M. V. RALEY, SEC. & TREAS. WEST-RALEY-RANNIE COMPANY Timber Lands - Turpentine Locations - Grazing Lands ^ 114 WEST FORSYTH STREET ^ Bell Phone 375 - JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^w»^/^»^wv^ww^v»/^w^/w w wvyvwww» RENFROE & WILLIAMS ^ ^ REAL ESTATE AGENTS -^ ^ Timber Lands a Specialty ^ Turpentine and Saw Mill Locations Bought and Sold RENFROE & WILLIAMS ^^^Sing'^'' JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA STANDARD ELECTRIC CO. Electrical Engineers and Contractors 16 WEST FORSYTH STREET JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA 84 ADVERTISEMENTS. The Largest Retail Dry Goods House in the State Cohen Bros. Popular Dry Goods House Jacksonville, - Fla. Citizens Loan Association JACKSONVILLE, FLA. Capital $50,000. Homes built on monthly pay- ments in Duval County only. DIRECTORS: B. F. Dillon, President. R. D. Knight, 1st V-President. Jos. G. Craig, 2ad V-President. P. A. DiGNAN, Sec'y and Treas. S. E. Foster, Att'y- P. R. WiGGS, Auditor. C. C. Bettes, G. Murphy, M. L. Howard, E. S. Spencer, L. C. Menager, M. H. Slager, H. E. Harkisheimer. CAY, SHINE & McCALL, FIRE INSURANCE. l\2 Dyal-Upchurch Building. Phone 1955. SIG. HESS. MAURICE H. SLAGER. HE SS & SLAGER , DIAMONDS, SILVERWARE AND JEWELRY. 11 and 13 Main Street. 339 W. Bay, cor. Cedar JACKSONVILLE, FLA. GIFFORD & COMPANY, Florida Real Estate Exchange. ■ 15 LAURA ST. CGifford Building), JACKSONVILLE, = = FLORIDA. Lands Loans Lots Homes Farms Rents Taxes ADYERTISEMENTS. City Property Orange Grov Timber Lands Rental Agents BROBSTONFtNDKIaiKlCO. REAL ESTATE Established 1890 Phone 234 216 W. Forsyth St. SEND for TIMBER BULLETIN I I I CHAS. W. KINNE | REAL ESTATE AND FIRE INSURANCE City and Suburban Property | for Sale LOANS NEGOTIATED >^. \/\/ REAL ESTATE 16 HOGAN SsTREET CITY PROPERTY BOUGHT AND SOLD ESTABLISHED J828. THE FI^ORIDIAN A. M. WILLIAMSON, Editor and Proprietor. LI]N OTYPE COMPOSITION BRIEF WORK A SPECIALTY 213 EAST ADAMS ST. PHONE 392 AD YER TI SEMEN TS. The Florida Times-Union The Great State Paper Daily, Sunday and Semi-Weekly Profusely Illustrated Established '™ 1865 FULL ASSOCIATED PRESS SERVICE WIDE CIRCULATION PUBLISHED AT Jacksonville, Florida WM W. FRAZIER [SAAC BRERETON REAL ESTATE BROKERS CITY PROPERTY SUBURBAN PROPERTY MORTGAGES AND RENTS 1 WEST FORSYTH STREET JACKSONVILLE, = = = FLORIDA ADVERTISEMENTS ^p^ FtORIDVS REPRESENTATIVES [[* WI1[IIIC[ WITNESS FOR LOADHOLT? ^■*"- IN n[i np WASHiNOTov IS NO i(i[ is SFvpRFiuimupn. m THOS G. HUTCHINSON, President !W Fellow American Association of l]0 Public Accountants (m M. A McLAUREN, Sect'y-Treas. K^ Phone 312, Board of Trade Building. DAVID H DOIG, Vice-President General Counsel JOHN A. HANSBROUGH, >lgr. Tampa, Fla., Office l)utcbin$oit J\M\t €0. CAPITAL $25,000.00 Public Hccountants and Jiuditors JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA We examine, audit, open, clo.se, write up and design books, and install simpler and accurate systems for corporations, partnerships, E.Kecutors'. Administrators', Trustees'. Bank, Cigfar Factories, Saw Mills, Naval Stores, Capitalists' and Promoters' accounts. COMPANIES INCORPORATED, ORGANIZED, CONSOLIDATED AND INITIAL PR33EEDlNJi CDO'JCTED. ADVERTISEMENTS. -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ THE CLYDE STEAMSHIP CO. BETWEEN JACKSONVILLE FLA., AND NEW YORK, Calling' at CHarleston, C. SPEED. COMFORT, SAFETY. TRAVEL BY 'CLYDE LINE. IHE FINEST COASTWISE VESSELS AFLOAT. Unsurpassed Passenger Accommodations. Tables Supplied with the Best in the Markets. F. M. IRONMONGER, Jr., Ass't Gea'l Pass. Agent. 122 West Bay St.. Jacksonville, Fla. W. G. COOPER. Jr . Krt. Agt.. C. P. LOVELL, Supt. Foot Hogan Street, Jacksonville Fla. A. C. HAGERTY, Gen'l East'n Pass. Agt.. CLYDE MILNE, (ien. Ft. Agt. New York New York. THEO. G. E(jER. Vice-Pres. and Gen'l xManager. Pier 36. N R., New York. ^$i$€i$$-$$€€$$i$€$-€-$€$€€:$;€3f &$$$^€ ^.^^.^^€^.^€^^^€^^^4f^^r^^^^e^' ADVERTISEMENTS. t MERCHANTS & MINERS J I TRANSPORTATION CO. } I Steamship Lines $ ^ BETWEEN ^ ^ SAVANNAH, GA. % ^ BALTIMORE AND PHILADELPHIA, ^ ^ NORFOLK, VA., % f BOSTON AND PROVIDENCE, f f ^ t ^ t - — ^ -^ Steamers New, Fast and Elegant. ^ ^ ^ ^ Accommodations and Cuisine Unsur- ^ ^ passed. Best route to Travel and ^ T Ship your Freight between ^ T ^ t ^ I NORTH and SOUTH. J t ^ ^ SEND FOR BOOKLET. i ^ H. C. AVERY, Commercial Agent,. T ^ JACKSONVILLE, FLA. ^ t ^ "^ J. C. WHITNEY, 2nd V. P. &. T. M. ^ "^ W. p. TURNER, G. P. A. ^ ■^ General Offices, Baltimore, Md. ^ ^ "FINEST COASTWISE TRIPS IN THE WORLD. " T !i^ 4* 4* 4* 4k 4* 4* 4b 4* 4* 4* 4* 4*4* 4* 4*4* 4* 4* 444,4*44^14^1,^^1;,^ 90 ADVERTISEMENTS. Havana, Nassau, Port Tampa, Miami, Key West VIA TH[ PENINSULAR AND OCCIDENTAL STEAMSHIP CO. Delightful Winter Trips on Summer Seas From Port Tampa and Miami To Nassau, Key West and Havana. Frequent Sailings. Fast and Fine Steamships. FOR PARTICULARS. RATES, PASSENGER OR FREIGHT, APPLY TO CHAS. L. MYERS. P. J. SAUNDERS, Manager, Traffic Agent, JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA. ADVERTISEMENTS. 91 Independent Line Steamers ST. JOHNS RIVER DIVISION. Steamer leaves foot Laura street daily, Sunday excepted, at 2:30 P. M. ======^ FOR ==^==^=^== Mandarin, Orange Park, Hibernia, Magnolia, Green Cove Springs and Way Landings. TAMPA DIVISION. steamers leave Fuller's Wharf 7:30 A. M. and 3:30 P. M. =^^^=====^^ FOR ===^=^=^z= St. Petersburg and all points on Hanatee River and Terra Ceia Bay. H, D. DeQROVE, W. R FULLER, Supt. St Johns River Division. Qen'l Frt. and Passenger Agt. Tanipa Divis'on. C. E. GARNER. President and Oen'l Mgr. GENERAL OFFICES, JACKSONVILLE. FLA. Wilson & Toomer Fertilizer Company | JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA. i Factory. TALLEYRAND AVE. Office, VIADUCT. . Dealers in Agricultural Chemicals and IVIanufacturers of the Famous • IDEAL FERTILIZERS ALWAYS RELIABLE Write to us for circulars, prices and discounts. ^ ADVERTISEMENTS. McMURRAY (Si BAKER, 'WK^lesale and R.etail VEHICLES AND HARNESS, CARRIAGE AND WAGON MATERIAL, Bay and Liberty Sts. JACKSONVILLE, FLA. r,^sa Office and Salesroom of ricMurray & Baker McMURR.W & BAKER— This compan). with factory and salesrooms at the corner of Liberty Bay streets, are Manutaciurers' Agents and Jobbers in Carriage and Wagon Material. T. MURPHY, JACKSONVILLE MACHINE