128 17 165 THF^NEW YORK MARKET Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald The New York Market '^ Compiled hy the Resemch Department of The New York Herald Copyright 1922 by The New York Herald Foreword JVIany people know New York City only in a general, indefinite way as the largest city in the world and the richest and the busiest city in the world. They may be well ac(]uainted with some small part of the city — usually some part of the borough of Manhattan — hut the great city as a whole remains undefined, easily dismissed with superlative adjectives. This attitude is common among New Yorkers as well as among others. The average New Yorker knows little of his city. Among certain advertisers the magnitude of New York has caused- a feeling of hesitation and fear. They realize that it is the most profitable market, once captured — but they are afraid that it is too difficult a market to capture and hold. This attitude has been caused to a large extent by the scarcity of detailed commercial information about New York City. Adver- tisers seeking to familiarize themselves with this market have been forced to be content with superlative generalities that are interest- ing but of little practical value. The New York Market is the largest and wealthiest market in the world. It has the greatest sales possibilities, no matter what product is considered. Contrary to belief in some quarters, how- ever, it is not a difficult market to enter and develop. Any manu- facturer with resources who is so-minded can sell his product profitably in New York. There is more room for a larger number of products and brands here than anywhere else in the world. ;)CI.A683213 -^ti AUG -^1922 Foreword {Continued) ivND no large market is easier to understand than New York. The division of Metropolitan New York into New York City and the well defined suburban territory, the division of New York City into the five separate boroughs, and the division of the boroughs into separate sections — each with their peculiar characteristics — make a study of the New York Market simple as well as instructive and profitable. This book is a reference manual of the New York Market. It is a collection of valuable detailed information which advertisers have heretofore been obliged to gather and co-ordinate from a variety of sources. It is not concerned primarily with demonstrating the obvious — that the New York Market is the largest market in the world. It contains, therefore, but few comparisons between New York and other markets. It shows, rather, -ic/iat New York is and why it is the greatest market. Its purpose is to give advertisers and others an opportunity to knoic New York. The information given is necessarily detailed in nature. Part I is an analysis of New York City in terms of the number and distribution, the composition and characteristics of the people. Part II is a population analysis of the rich suburban territory outside New York City. Part III is a sectional analysis of New York City in which each borough is broken up into well defined sections. The facts published arc compiled from the most authentic sources. A large part of them are from the 1920 Federal Census which has opened up a wealth of information. Many of the more detailed census reports have been issued only within the past few months. Almost all the information is from some governmental source — city, state or federal. The figures used are the latest available at the time of compilation, June 1922. Index PART I Composi tion and Characteristics of of New York City the Population ADULTS, by Boroughs, Nativity..l4 AREA, by Boroughs AUTOMOBILES. Registered; In- crease in: Passenger Cars; Pas- senger Cars per 100 Families — by Boroughs BANKS, National, State. Trust Citm]>anies, Number and Re- 15 9 31 29 .29 14 40 22 25 14 12 EMPLOYMENT, Number of Men ani:I Women — by Boroughs ; Number in General Occupa- tions : Number in Specific Oc- cupations 32, 33, 34 EXPENDITURES, Annual, by 35 37 7 21 39 30 38 12 21 19 19 19 PERSONS, Population— by Bor- oughs Increase — by Boroughs Number in New York Compared with Other Large Cities Per Family — by Boroughs By Age Groups Males and Females l: White and Colored PERSONAL ESTATE, Valuation, by Boroughs PROFESSIONAL Men and 7 8 9 13 , 13 16 29 36 29 37 .24 25 31 38 38 38 12 12 12 FAMILIES, Number — by Bor- Savings Banks, Number — by Bor- oughs ; Depositors. Number and Increase — by Boroughs; Depos- its. Amount and Increase — by Boroughs ; Deposits per De- positor 26, 27. 28 BIRTHS HOMES. Number Owned and Rented — by Boroughs; Mort- gaged and Free; Equipped with Electricity INCOME TAX RETURNS, in New York City; in New York Stale — by Classes of Incomes.... MANUFACTURES. Number of Establishments; Persons En- gaged ; Value of Products MARRIED Men and Women — by Ages NATIONALITIES of Foreign Born Whites 20 NATIVITY. Native Whites of Na- tive Parentage — by Boroughs.... 16 Native Whites of Foreign Par- entage — by Boroughs 17 Foreign Born Whites — by Bor- REAL ESTATE, Valuation SALARIES and Wages, Trend of SCHOOLS, Number, Registra- tion and Graduates 23 STUDENTS, Number — by Age Groups and by Boroughs TAXICABS. Number Licensed and Volume of Business TELEPHONES. Number in Use, by Boroughs BUILDINGS Increase in CITIZENSHIP, Foreign Born Whites . COLLEGES. Number; Registra- tion : Graduates ; Graduates Re- siding in New York 24 DEATHS Number of Calls UNMARRIED Men and Women, by Ages WIDOWS DIVORCED. Men; Women DWELLINGS. Kinds; Number- by Boroughs; Persons per Dwelling: Families per Dwell- ing — by Boroughs WIDOWERS PART II Meiropolita nN ew York — Fifty Mile Radius of City Hall AREA — Territory, Counties, States 42, 50, POPULATION. Total: Divisions City and Suburban 42, 4,1, By States 42. 57 42 44 44 By Boroughs Immensity Suburban, Total: Divisions By States 45 By Classes of Cities 46, 47 PART III 58 49 45 58 Cities, Towns and Villages — By States and Size Groups 50 Recapitulation — By Classes of Cities, States and Boroughs.... RETAIL OUTLETS, Number, , 57 58 58 s actional Analysis of New Y ork City THE CITY 62 -67 -79 79 72 78 -86 86 85 81 -98 98 96 92 122 120 121 22 06 Richmond: Sections 123- Good Sections 125, Fair Sections — 124, 126, 127, 130. 131, -132 129 132 128 134 135 THE FIVE BOROUGHS: De- sciiptioii and Population Analy- sis 6.1 Good Sections 93, 94, 97, Fair Sections 88, 90, 91, 95, Poor Sections 87, 89, Queens; Sections and Districts.... 99- Sections 100, 103, 109, 114, Good Districts — 105, 108, 110. 113, 118, 119, Fair Districts — 107. Ill, 112, 115. 116, 117, Poor Districts 101, 102, 104, Manhattan: Sections 68 Good Sections 73, 74, 76, Fair Sections 69, 71, Poor Sections 68, 70, 75, 77, Bronx: Sections 80 APPENDIX: Fair Sections 83, 84. Poor Sections 80, Map of Metropolitan New York Part I. The Five Boroughs of NEW YORK CITY Composition and characteristics of the population Introduction to Part I. For the intelligent marketing of a product in any given locality it is necessary to know something of the people in that locality. This becomes all the more imperative when a city the size of New York is the locality under consideration. How many pet)ple live in New Ycjrk? What kind of people and how many of each kind? In what parts of the city is there the greatest concentration of population? How arc the people em- ployed? In what sort of homes do they live? How much do they spend? Such questions as these are vital to all manufacturers, no matter what their products may be. The pages in Part I analyze the population of New York City in terms of the number and distribution, composition and characteristics of the inhabitants. In most instances the information given is for each of the five boroughs separately as well as for the entire city. The fact that the majority of the figures used are from the 1920 Federal Census (most of which has but recently been issued) makes these figures the only authority that will be available for a number of years, since there is no source other than the Census for such detailed information. A valuable feature are the tables that give not only numbers, but percentages as well. The percentages can be used long after the numbers themselves have changed. Distribution of Population in NewYork 7v[ umber of Persons /according to the Census of 1920, the popuhition of New York City is 5,620,048 — an increase of 17.9 per cent, over the 1910 popuhition of 4,766,883. Of this city population: Distribution by Boroughs Manliattan has 2,284,103 — a decrease of 2 per cent, over the 1910 population of 2,331,542. Brooklyn has 2.018,356— an in- crease of 23.5 per cent, over the 1910 population of 1,634,351. Bronx has 732,016 — an increase of 69.8 per cent, over the 1910 population of 430,980. Queens lias 46'', 042 — an in- crease of 65.1 per cent, over the 1910 population of 284,041. RicluiKind has 116,531 — an in- crease of 35.6 per cent, over the 1910 population of 85,969. Manhattan has 40.6 per cent. of the total city population. Brooklyn has 35.8 per cent. Bronx has 13.1 per cent. Queens has 8.4 per cent. Richmond has 2.1 per cent. Number of Families There are 1,278,341 families in New ^'orli Cit\-. Of these: Manhaltan has 525,154 — or 41.1 per cent. Brooklyn has 453,587 — or 35.5 per cent. Bronx has 166,260 — or 13.0 per cent. Queens has 109,559 — or 8.6 per cent. Rielunond has 23,781 — or 1.8 per cent. Visualizing New York's Population Comparisons with Other Great Cities JNew York City's pc^pulation is larger than the combined population of the next three largest cities in the country — Chi- cago, Philadelphia and Detroit. It has 42 per cent, of the combined population of the seven largest cities in the country. The Seven La^-^eft CiheS' in -the United States' The pii|nil;itiiins of tlie s e v e n largest cities in the United States are as follows: New ^'ork .... 5,620,048 Chicago 2,701,705 Philadelphia . . . 1,823.779 Detroit 993,678 Ten Ai. FOR Four Largest Crnns . 11,139,210 Cleveland .... 796,841 St. Louis .... 772,897 Boston 748,060 Total for S e v il n Largest Cities . 13,457,008 New York is more than twice as large as Chicago in population and more than three times as large as Philadelphia. The boroughs of Maniiattan and Brook- lyn each have a larger population than the city of Philadelphia. ri>,baeen^ ■l5^ Rn cVxtrxo i\ d. 1.1% 7(J,'^51 dwelling-, and 1.5 families pei' duelling. RjcHMONlj has 21,864 dwellings and 1.1 families jier dwelling. It has tlie least congested dwellings of all the borouglis. Kinds of Dwellings Urooklyn has the laigest nunilier of one and t\\c)-famil\ houses, (jueens is second in both classi- fications. Hrookl\n also has the largest numbei' of tenements and a|)artment buildings without elevators. Manhattan is second. Manhattan has by far the largest nundier of elevator apartment houses and hotels. (j'linpilcil hy the Rcscardi Dcpiirtincnl iij The New York Herald 10 ^ Distribution of Population in New York Persons per Square Mile T IIK density of New \'<)i"k City is IS.7'^6.2 persons per si]uare mile. There are 299 siiuare miles in the entire eity of New ^'ork. The ilensity of the entire Tnited States is ,>5.5 persons per scjuare mile. The density of Massaehusetts is hut 479.2; of New ^'ork vState, 217.9. Mami.VI'I'.W leads in density with 1(),\S22.9 persons per square mile, it is, the most thiekly populated seetion of the United States. Bkooki.^X is next, with a density of 28,427.5 persons per square mile. Bronx has a density of 17,S54.() persons per sijuare mile. (Jl l:l:ns has a density of 4,.H.'i.() persons per square mile. Richmond is last with 2.044.4 persons per S(|uare mile. Sex Ratio in New York There are more women than men in .\e\v \ ork City. In 1920 the males numbered 2,H02,638 — or 49.9 per cent. 'The females numtiered 2,S17.410 — or 50. 1 per cent. 'The ratio of males to females is 99. > to 100. In the entire I'nited States, howe\er, the table is reversed and there are more men than women -the ratio beint; 104 males to every 100 females. (jiiiDpiltil hy the Rruarch Dcpiirtniriit of The New York Herald n Distribution of Population in NewYork Married and Unmarried Men and Women i HERE arc 2,001,025 men and boys 15 years of age and over in New York. City. Of these, 1,143,643 — or 57.2 per cent. — are married; and 761,197 — or 38. per cent. — arc single. The widowers number 78,999; the divorced men number 4,303. There are 2,026,797 women and girls 15 years uf age and over. ()f these, 1,1 15,670 — or 55.0 per cent. — are married; and 667,247 — or 32.9 per cent. — arc single. The widows number 232,991 ; the divorced women number 6,775. That women marry at younger ages than men is shown by the fact that of the 530,325 females between the agjs of 15 and 24 years, 131,404— (jr 24.8 per cent. — are married; while of the 469,093 males of the same ages, only 47,841 — or 10.2 per cent. — arc married. Of the 986,446 men between 25 and 44 years, 681,120 — «jr 69 per cent. — are married. Of the 956,309 women of the same ages, 691,369 — -or 72.3 per cent. — are married. Of the 540,844 men over 45 years of age. 413,438 — or 76.4 per cent. — arc married. Of the 537,000 women of the same ages, 291,640 — or 54.3 per cent. — are married. There are, in addition, 1,244 married men and 1,257 married women whose ages are unknown. The largest number of widowers and widows is in the age group of 45 years and over. The largest number of divorced men and women is in the age group of 25 to 44 years. ConipUrd hy llic Rcsearih Dcpartmetit of The New York Herald 12 The Characteristics of the Population Population Grouped b)' Age.s i HERE arc l.5''2,226 persons in New \nyk City below 15 years of age — or 28 per cent, of the total population. Of these, SO 1, 6 1, ^ are males and 7V().6I,^ are females. There are 4,027,822 persons 15 years of age and over — or 72 per cent, of the total population. Of these, 2,001,025 are males and 2,026,797 are females. Total Population: 5,«20,048 TI,o,e a.cl, 077,844 per- sons 45 Ncars of ay;c antl over — or 10.2 per cent. (it the total population. Of those, 540,844 are n-.alcs and 5.57,000 arc females. I'hcre arc 2,674,290 per- sons between tlie ages of 18 and 44 — or 47.0 per cent, of the total popu- lation. Of these, 1,324,- .398 are males and 1,349,- 892 are females. Cliiidien under one year of .i^e nuniher i08,''()8. Ot these 55,168 are males and 53,740 are fe- males. IJndei- 5 M'ais 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-44 45 and over .A!4;e Unknown ToiAl, Male 283,873 269,45! 248,289 219,332 1,236,207 540,844 4,642 2,802,638 Fcmalr 27b.')')h 267,039 246,578 234,426 1,252,208 537,000 3,163 2,817,410 Fri ('.nil. i)j Tiitiil I'lllll Pdpitlfttiori 560,869 10.0 536,490 9.5 494,867 8.8 453,758 8.1 2,488,415 44.3 1,077,844 19.2 7,805 .1 5.620,048 100.0 (Uiiiipilcd h\ flu- Rcsctirdi Depart iiicii I nj The New York Herald 13 The Characteristics of the Population Population Grouped b)i Ages (ConlinucJ) i HERE arc ,\476,()42 persons over 21 years of age — or 62 per cent, of the total population. Of these, 1,737,043 arc males and 1,738,999 are females. Births and Deaths The infants born an- nually in New York number 134,240. This is the figure for 1921, indicating a rate per 1,000 population of 23.44. In 1Q16, 1,U,644 infants were born. In 1010, 130,377. The number of deaths in New York City in 1921 was 64,257. This is a death rate of 11.17 jier 1,00 population. In 1916, the deaths num- bered 77,801. In 1919, 74,433. Persons 21 Years of Age and Over — By Nativity In addition, (here are 6,870 Indians, Chinese, .lapanesc ;infl ()llu'rs. 21 yrars iif :\vv and (txcr Persons 21 Years of Age and Over Fi-m2. They con- stitute 19.6 per cent, of the Foreign Born White pop- ulati(jn. Irish are third — with 203,450 — or 10.2 per cent. Germans are fourth — with 194,154 — or 9.7 per cent. Poles are fifth — with 145,679 — or 7 .^ per cent. AUSTRIAXS are sixth — with 126,7.^9 — or 6.4 per cent. Natixi's of cacli of ten other eoiintries number more than 2(),I)(HI in New ^ ork. TlK-se are: Ent^hind 71.404; Hun-ary ()4,.?').5 ; Rumania .^8,1.50; Sueden .i?,7().^ ; LV.ecliosh.vakia 20,437; Norway 24,501); Canada 25.271; FranLX 23,020; Scotland 21,545; Greece 21,455. The Foreign Element in New York The foreifin "element" includes those horn abroad and their nati\e-boifi children. l""ijiures for this "Element" are necessaril\ computed on a pre-war basis, and the division of countries there- fore is dilterent from that jiiven for forei^;n born whites, which is liased on post-w'ar conditions. Russians are the larj^est foreitjn clement. The number of those born in Russia, together with their children, is 994,356. The leading foreign elements from other countries follow in this order: Italy S02,893 Ireland .... 637,744 Austria-Hungar\ . 603,167 Germany . . . 593,199 England & Wales 173,663 Sweden .... 81,188 Rumam'a . . . 66,824 Scotland . . . 51,831 France .... 49,221 Norway .... 42,891 Greece .... 27,043 Thirty-six countries are represented in New York's population. Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 21 The Characteristics of the Population Citizenship and Literacy of Adult Foreign Born Whites X JiElUL arc 927,742 males 21 \fais of age and over, in New 'i ork, who were h(irn in foreign countries. Oi these, 405,009 are naturalized; 159,824 ha\e taken out first papers; 330,184 are aliens. Tliere are 32,725 whose status is unknown. The proportion of tiiose naturalizeii increased from 38.4 per cent, in I'MO to 43.7 per cent, in 1920. Those having taken out first papers increased from 12.9 per cent, in 1910 to 17.2 per cent, in 1920. The proportion of aliens decreased from 41.0 per cent, in 1910 to 35.6 per cent, in 1920. Those not reporting citizenship decreased from 7.8 in 1910 to 3.5 per cent, in 1920. The women 21 \ears of age and o\er who were horn in foreign countries number 870,140. ( )f tiicse, 360,255 — or 41.4 per cent. — are naturalized; 14,838 — or 1.7 per cent. — have taken out iirst papers; 441,892 — or 50.8 per cent. — are aliens. There are 53,155 — or 6.1 per cent. — whose status is unknown. Illiterates Among Foreign and Native Born There are 281,121 persons 10 years of age and over in New ^ ork Cit\' who are illiterate. I'his is 6.2 per cent, of the total population of 10 years of age and over (4,522,689). Of these illiterates, 270,788 — or 96.3 per cent. — are Foreign Born Whites; 6,552 — or 2.3 per cent. — are Native Whites, and 2,756 — or 0.9 per cent. — are Negroes. Other illiterates lunnber 1,025. Of the Foreign Born Whites of 10 \ears of age and '> Educational Features of New York ? lli'^h Schools in New ^'ork City — with an averajie rej^istration of about 87,000. HrookJMi has the lar;;est number of lii;j;h schools; Manhattan is second ; Queens is third ; ]{ron\ is fourth, and Richmond lifth. The number of \earl\ graduates from the Hi;:h Schools of New \'ork is approximate))' 8,400. Catholic Parochial Schools 'I'liere are 228 Parochial I'^lementary Schools in New ^'ork City — with a yeaily registration of about 155,000 students. M.anhattan has 71 of these schools, liron.x Ji, Richmond 1 1, and IJrociklwi and Queens together [Hrookl\n Diocese) 115. The luunbei' of graduates \'carly from the Parochial Schools is .about 10,000. Preparatory Schools There are about 75 Preparator\' Schools in Nc'w 'l Ork — including I>o\s', Ciiils' and Co-edu- cational scliools. Boys' Preparatory Schools and Military Acadc-mics number M). Am(jng the better known are Collegiate, Trinity, Horace Mann, Cidumbia fjranuuar, Clasmi Point Militar\' Academ\', Berkle\ -Irving, and Dwight. There are 18 Girls' Preparatory Scho(ds and Finishing Scho(ds. Several of those better known are located on the upper West Side of Manhattan — between W. GOtli and VV. llGtIi Streets. Conipilftl li\ till' Rrsctircli Department of The New York Herald 23 Educational Features of New York T^umber of Schools, Their Students and Graduates Colleges and Universities X ilEKE arc 13 Colleges and Universities in New York City. These are: Manhattan and Bronx Karnard College New \ ork University College of City of N. Y. Manhattan College Columbia University Hunter College Fordham University Teachers' College St. Francis Xavicr College Brooklyn Adelphi College St. Francis College St. Johns College Brooklyn College There are appro.ximately 69,200 students in these colleges. About 5,100 students are graduated yearly. Law Schools in New York City New York City has Hvc prominent Law Schools. 'J'hcse are: Columbia University Law School Brooklyn Law School Fordham University Law School N. Y. University Law School New ^'cirk Law School Medical Colleges in New York New York City has thirteen Medical Colleges. The more prom- inent of these are: College of Physicians and Surgeons Uni\ersit\' and ]ielle\ uc .Medical College Cornell Universit\ Medical College College of Dental and Oral Surger\' College of Pharmacy New "^'ork Post Graduate Medical College Other Schools and Colleges .New "V'ork City has 49 Business Schools and Colleges; 33 Music Schools — including the Na- tional Conservatory of Music, New York College of Music and Brooklyn Conservatory of Music; — and 15 technical schools, including Pratt Institute and Pol\technic Institute. Union Theological Seminary, New York School of Fine and Applied Arts, General Theological Seminary, School of Journalism (Columbia University), Cooper Union and Savage School for Physical Education, are other well known educational institutions. Compiled by the Research Dcpnrtnicnl nf The New York Herald 21 Educational Features of New York Total Attendance in 7BCK 1 he >aiaiics and wages earned b\ th()>c employed in nianutactunng indu>tries in New \ ork, according to the Federal Census of Manufactures of 1919, was $1,044,529,000. This was an increase of 104.5 per cent, over 1914. Of the total expenditure of the average family — 1-2 per cent, goes for Food ; 16.6 per cent, for Clothing; 14.3 per cent, for Rent; 4.3 per cent, for Fuel and Light; 3.3 per cent, for Furniture and Furnishings; 19.5 per cent, for Miscellaneous Items. The average family in New York spends $1,525.66 a year. On this basis New York spends an- nuallv $819,131,000 for Food; $323,752,000 for Clothing; $278,894,000 for Rent; $83,863,- 000 for Fuel and Light; $64,360,000 for Furniture and Furnishings, and $380,313,000 for Mis- cellaneous items. Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald Number of Manufacturing Units — And the 7S[umber of Telephones There are 32,626 manufacturing establishments in New York City. The number of persons engaged in manufactures is 826,925. Of these, 35.130— or 4.3 per cent.— are proprietors and firm members; 151,485— or 18.3 per cent.— are salaried employees, and 640,310— or 77.4 per cent. — are wage earners. The salaries and wages earned by those engaged in manufacturing establishments amount to $1,044,529,000 annually. Of this sum, $717,699,000- or 68.7 per cent.— is paid as wages, and $326,830,000— or 31.3 per cent.— is paid as salaries. The annual value of products manufactured in New York is $5,267,343,000. The total capital of the man- ufacturing establishments is $3,040,442,000. The divisions of manufactures by bor^ghs is as follows: Number of Persons Value of EstaMishments Enqaged Products Manhattan 23,011 521,162 $3,532,117,000 Brooklvn 6,741 203,166 1,184,099,000 Queens 1,250 57,074 331,724,000 Bronx- 1,371 25,155 114,989,000 Richmond 253 20,368 104,414,000 Total City 32,626 826,925 $5,267,343,000 These figures are from the last Federal Census of Manufactures, 1919. The ten leading manufacturing industries in New York City based on manufactured products are: (1) Women's Clothing — (2) Printing and PublishiiVfe-i 3) Men's Clothing, includ- ing Shirts — (4) Slaughtering and Meat Packing — (5) Bread aiW Other Bakery Products — (6) Foundry and Machine Shop Products — (7) Tobacco Manufactures — (8) Millinery and Lace Goods — (9) Gas, Illuminating and Heating — (10) Patent Medicines, Compounds and Drug- gists' Preparations. ' Telephones in New York There are 978,717 telephones in use in New York City (January 1st, 1922). Of these, 545,364 — or 55.7 per cent. — are business 'phones and 433,353 — or 44.3 per cent. — are 'phones in residences. Of the 978,711 telephones in the city, Manhattan has 630,085 — or 64.4 per cent.; Brooklyn has 203,390— or 20.8 per cent.; Bronx has 75,256^or 7.7 per cent.; Queens has 57,046— or 5.8 per cent.; Richmond has 12,939 — or 1.3 per cent. Of the 545,364 business telephones, 409,213 — or 75.0 per cent. — are in Manhattan. The number of telephone calls per day in New York is 10,000,000. This includes calls originat- ing in New York and calls terminating in New York. In 1910 there were 376,941 telepliones in New York. This means an increase — 1922 over 1910 — of 601,776 'phones — or 159.6 per cent. Compiled hy the Research Dep/irt»ient of The New York Herald 38 Homes in NewYork- Owned (^Rented And Homes Equipped V/nh Electricity J. HERE are 1,27S,341 lumics in New V'ork Cit\. This sluuild nut he eoiifuseJ witii the figure for nuniher of (hvelliiijjs. A "home" is tile residence of a .single family. The figures for homes and families therefore are identical. A dwelling may house several families. Of the total numher (jf homes, 10(),7(l7 — or 12.7 percent. — are owned; and 1,1U5,9UU — or 87.3 per cent. — are rented. There are 11,734 homes whose tenure is unkncjwii. Homes Owned and Itenled In adtiitiun Uiere are 11,730 Homes whose Tenure is Unknown koines Encumbered and Those * Free from Mortgages In addition there are :5,1«1 U» ned Homes who.se Status is l^nknown Of the owned homes, 33,358 — or 21.3 per cent. — are free from encumbrances; and 123,865 — or 78. 7 per cent. — are encumbered. 'I'here are 3,484 owned homes whose status is unknown. Homes Equipped with Electricity Of the 1,278,341 homes in .New "l^irk Cit.\ , appro\imatel\ 8I(),()()0 — or 63.8 per cent. — are equipped with electricity. Only three states in the country have a larger number of families using electricit\- than New York Cit\'. These are New York State, Illinois and California. Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 39 Homes in New York- Owned & Rented 7s[umbe.' of Homes Oii'ned R ICHMOND has the largest percentage of owned homes. 42.7 per cent, of the homes are owned and 57.3 per cent are rented. Queens is second in the percentage of owned homes. In this borough, 36.7 per cent, are owned and 63.3 per cent are rented. The other boroughs follow in this order: Brooklyn — 19.3 per cent, owned; 80.7 per cent, rented. Bronx — 8.2 per cent, owned; 91.8 per cent, rented. Manhattan — 2.1 percent, owned, and 97.9 per cent, rented. Number of Homes Owned Brooki\n 86,818 Queens 39,589 Bron.x 13,591 Manhattan 10,768 Richmond 9,941 Percentage of Homes in Each BorouKh That Are Owned R-icTitno-n-d 42.7%. Total City 160,707 Btotvx 8.2% katta-rt ^M ManKatta-n a During the first three months of 1922 the number of contracts awarded for new buildings in New York City was 4,548, representing a valuation of $132,846,700. This number — 4,548 — is an increase of 230.5 per cent, over the corresponding period of 1921, when the contracts awarded numbered 1,376. Of the new buildings contracted for during tiic first three months of 1922, 4,103 — or 90.2 per cent. — were for residential buildings. During 1921 the contracts for new buildings numbered 13,584. This was an increase of 47.0 per cent, over 1920. 40 Part 11. (lAh Ty^/iaiysis of METROPOLITAN NEW YORK including all territory within a radius of fifty miles from City Hall 41 Divisions of Metropolitan New York City and Suburban JVl ETROPOLITAN New York includes the five boroughs of New York City and all the suburban territory within a radius of fifty miles from City Hall, Manhattan. The suburban territory falls into the three states of New York, New Jersey and Connecticut. Each of the five boroughs of New York City forms a county. The area of the boroughs and the corresponding counties are identical. In the case of Queens, Bronx and Richmond, the county names and the borough names are the same. Manhattan is called New York County; and Brooklyn is called Kings County. Besides these five counties of New York Cit\ , there are twenty-one counties which fall wholly or partly in the fifty-mile radius. Fourteen of these are in New Jersey; six are in New York; and one is in Connecticut. Population Outside of the Five Boroughs A careful analysis of the 1920 Federal Census shows that the population of this territory, exclusive of New York City, is approximately 3,197,000. New York City has a population of 5,620,048. Tn order that the population of the entire Metropolitan trading area may be expressed in round numbers, the figure for the suburban territory outside of New York City is given in these pages as 3,196,952. This gives Metropolitan New York a population of 8,817,000. One out of every twelve persons in the United States lives in Metropolitan New York. Only one state in the Union has a population that exceeds that of Metropoli- tan New York; and that is the State of New York. Sixty per cent, of the 10,385,227 people living in New York State live in the New York Section of Metropolitan New York. Seventy-five per cent, of the population of New Jersey (3,155,900) is concentrated in the New Jersey Section of Metropolitan New York. Thirteen per cent, of the 1.380,631 inhabitants of Connecticut are living in the Connecticut Section of Metropolitan New York. Compiled h\ the Rcsrnrrli Di'/tiirl/m/il nf The New York Herald 42 Popvilation of Metropolitan New York Population Outside the Five Boroughs {Cniituiued) \_)v the 8, H 17, ()()() people living in Metropolitan New York, 63.7 per cent. (5,620,048) live in the Hve boroughs of New York City; and 36.3 per cent. (3,196,952) live in the suburban territory outside the city but within the fifty mile radius. A large number of the people living in the suburbs within the Hfty mile radius work in New York City. It is estimated that 500,000 com- muters pour into New York every day — a number equivalent to the popula- tion of the city of Bufifalo. City and Suburban Population of Metropolitan New York (^iiiitpdcd li\ ihi- Rcscari h Dcparti/unt nj The New York Herald Divisions of Metropolitan New York City and Suburban Population OUBURBAN New Yorkers are large buyers in New York City shops. All of them are reached by New York newspapers, and are influenced in their buying — no matter whether they shop in New York or in their home town — by the advertisements appearing in New York newspapers. Division of City and Suburban Population (junipilcd hy the Rcscfircli Dcfitirt/iiciil of The New York Herald 11 Population of Suburban New York Distribution of Population b)i States X HE .\I96,952 people living in the suburban territory within a radius of fifty miles are divided as follows in the three states: New Jersey 2,364,266 or 73.9 per cent, of total sLiburban population New York 654,750 " 20.5 " " " " Connecticut 177,036 " 5.6 ' " 3,196,952 " 100.0 per cent. Distribution of Suburban Population by States Cdiiipdctl hy till- Risiiirdi Dcpdi! iiiciil (ij The New York Herald 45 Divisions of Suburban New York Distribution of Population b}i Localities Cities over 100,000 Population 1 N the fifty mile trading territory of New York there are, exclusive of New York City itself, four cities each of which has over 100,000 population. Three of these are in New Jersey and one in New York State. The aggregate population of these cities is 948,678. This is almost as large as Detroit — the fourth largest city in the country — which has a population of 993,678. These cities contain 29.7 per cent, of the population of the suburban territory (3,196,952). Cities between 25,000 and 100,000 In tlie same territory there are 19 cities, each haviiij; a pcipuhition of from 25,000 to 100,000. Fifteen of these are in New Jerse\' ; two in New York State; and two in Connecticut. The aggregate population of these cities is 809,961 — wliich is larger tiian the population of Cleve- land — the fifth largest city in tlie country (796,841). These cities contain 25.4 per cent, of the total population of the suhurban territor\'. Cities between 10,000 and 25,000 In tile suburban territory of New York there are also 24 cities, towns and villages, each having a population between 10,000 and 25,000. Seventeen of these communities are in New Jersey; five are in New York State; and two are in Connecticut. (Conliniird on jollov.iny pcujc) Coiiipilcd hy tlic Rcsciiiili Dcptirtiiif/it of The New York Herald 10 Divisions of Suburban New York Distribution of Population hy Localities (Cont.) iHE combined population of these cities (.^71/^85) is large enough to make a city larger than Kansas City, Mo. (324,410). These localities contain 1 1.6 per cent, of the total suburban population. Localities between 5,000 and 10,000 Suburban New York also includes 54 cities, towns and xillajit's. each of wliich bas a population of from 5,000 to 10,000. Of these, 40 are in New Jerse\ , 13 are in New York State and one is in Connecticut. Togettier tliese communities iiave a population of 357,054 — a population hirge enough to make a city larger than Seattle, Wash. (315,312). The inh.-ibitants of these cities, towns and villages constitute 11.2 per cent, of the total suburban territor\'. Localities between 2,500 and 5,000 There are. in addition, 75 cities, towns and villages, each of which has between 2,500 and 5,000 inhabitants. New Jerse\ has 53 of these; .New ^'ork State has IQ; and Connecticut has three. These communities have a combined population of 256,787 — which is larger than that of T(dedo, Ohio (243,164). They contain 8.0 per cent, of the total suburban population. Cdiiipilfd hy the Rf.u-fircli Department of The New York Herald 47 Divisions of Suburban New York Localities Below 2,500 X HE people living in communities below 2,500 population in the 50-milc suburban radius of New York City number 452,487. This is larger than the total population of Washington, D. C. (437,571). Distribution of Population by Classes of Cities CLANS' :5n: Co mm-uni'i'i eS feelow 2,^00 popvula'tioTt CLA55 I 4 Cities' over- 100,000 poptiTation^ 9^3,678 29.7 Vo nljy3^>y -^K^ /19 Gitie5"bet^een C'^'^'^o!^?, / 2^000-100,000 ^^"^ ^o%7 809.961 ^ ^ ^^ 25:4% Of these, 248,334 are in New York State; 138,554 are in New Jersey; and 65,599 are in Connecticut. The people lixinj; in these communities constitute 14.1 per cent, of the entire suhurhan territory. (jonipilfd by the Rcsenrrli Dfpiirtiin-nt of The New York Herald 48 Immensity of Metropolitan New York How Large Is the T^ew Tor\ Mar\et ? Vj NE can scarcely grasp the size of the popuhition of Metropolitan New York. It is not easy to visualize 8,817,000 people concentrated in one terri- tory, bound closely together, forming one great market, reading the same newspapers. To assist in visualizing; tliis huge, compact and unified trading area, the preceding paragraphs have shown that the popuhition of that part of Metropolitan New York which is outside the five boroughs of the city, hut within the fifty -mile radius, is large enough (3,196,952) to con- tain all of the six cities of Detroit, Cleveland, Kansas City, Mo., Seattle, Wash., Toledo, O., and \Vashington, D. C. (combined population 3,110,976). And, in addition, there is New York City itself — the heart of the area. Its population of 5,620,048 can best be visualized by thinking of it as containing two Chicagos (2,701,705), or three Philadelphias (1,823,779), or one city as large as Chicago, Philadelphia and Detroit com- bined (5,519,162). This is Metropolitan New York — a territory with tremendous marketing possibilities. Its buy- ing power is ahr.ost unlimited. Its influence is far reaching. The commodities used by New '^ ork families, sold in New "i'ork shops, and advertised in New York newspapers, find distribution in scattered parts of the country because the hundreds of thousands of visitors who enter New York every day from all parts of the country, carry home the impressions gained there. 'J"o realize the full ptissibilitics of the New York Market for merchandising purposes, it is neces- sary to con>ider it as a separate unit. The national advertiser canmit profitably handle New \ ork as only part of a campaign— national or sectional. It is too big. Ton much can be gained when New York is co\-ered thoroughly and too much will be lost when covered as a limited part of a general plan. (Jom/>ilfil l>\ thf Rt'Sfiirch Drfiiirli/wiit (if The New York Herald 49 Population of Suburban New York Cities Grouped According to Size and State J. HE arrangement of localities in Metropolitan New York on this and following pages will be of value to manufacturers and distributors who are seeking dealer distribution in the rich, responsive suburban territory. It will enable them to select the suburban towns within each of the three states to be covered by their salesmen either by state groups or by size groups or by a combination of both of these groups. Class I. Cities Over 100,000 Population New York State; Locality 1 . "^ onkers (city) County Westchester Population . . . 100,176 Total 100,176 New Jersey: Locality County Population 2. Jersey City (city) Hudson .... 298,103 3. Newark {city) Essex 414,524 4. Paterson (city) Passaic 135,875 Total 848,502 Total For Thrki; St.-\tes 948,678 Cuniplhd by the Reseiirclt Di'paitiiii'iit of The New York Herald 50 Population of Suburban New York Cities Grouped According to Size and State Class II. Cities Between 25,000 and 100,000 Population New York State: I.ocality County 1. Mount Veriicjii {cily) Westchester 2. New Rochelle {city) Westchester Population . . . 42,726 . . . 36,213 Total 78,939 New Jersey: 4. 5. 6. 7. S. Q. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Locality County Population B;nunne {city) Hudson 76,754 Clifton {city) Passaic 26,470 East Orange {citv) Essex 50,710 Elizabeth {city) Union 95,783 Hoboken {city) Hudson 68,166 Irvington {toivii) Essex 25,480 Kearny {town) Hudson 26,724 Alontclair {town) Essex 28,810 >sew Brunswick {city) Middlesex .... 32,770 Passaic {city) Passaic 63,841 Orange {cii\) Essex 33,268 Perth Ambov {citv) Middlesex .... 41,707 Plainfield (<77,v) Union 27,700 \Vest Hoboken {town) .... Hudson 40,074 AW-st New \'ork {tozcn) . . . Hudson 29,926 ToT.^L 668,183 Connecticut: Locality 18. Norwalk {city) . 1^). Stamford {city) . ToT.Ai. For TuRin; St.^tes County Population Fairtield 27,743 Fairfield 35,096 Total 62,839 . . . 809,961 Compiled hy the Research Dep/irtnienI of The New York Herald 51 Population of Suburban New York Communities Grouped According to Size and State Class III. Communities* Between 10,000 and 25,000 Population New York State: Locality County 1. Huntington {ioivn), L. I. . . . Suffolk 2. Ossining {village) Westchester 3. Peekskill (village) Westchester 4. Port Chester [village) .... Westchester 5. White Plains (city) Westchester New Jersey: Locality County 6. Asbury Park (f;7.v) Monmouth 7. Belleville (ioiun) Essex . 8. Bloomfield [toivti) Essex . 9. Englewood [city) Bergen 10. Garfield {city) Bergen 11. Hackensack {town) Bergen 12. Harrison {town) Hudson 13. Long Branch {city) Monmouth 14. Morristown {town) Morris 15. North Bergen (township) .... Hudson 16. Rahway (city) Union . 17. Roosevelt (borough) Middlesex 18. Summit (city) Union . 19. Union (town) Hudson 20. Weehawken (township) .... Hudson 21. West Orange (town) Essex . 22. Wondbridge (tou'nship) .... Middlesex Connecticut: Locality County 23. Fairfield (town) Fairfield 24. Greenwich (toivn) Fairfield Population 13,893 10,739 15,868 16,573 21,031 Total 78,104 Population 12,400 15,660 22,019 11,627 19,381 17,667 15,721 13,521 12,548 23,344 11,042 11,047 10,174 20,651 14,485 15,573 13,423 Total 260,283 Population . . . 11,475 . . . 22,123 Total 33,598 Total For Three States 371,985 •The term "Communities" applies to cities, towns and villages, and (in New Jersey) townships and liorouBlis. Each of these divisions is indeliendent of all other divisions. Conipilril liy the Research Department of The New York Herald 52 Population of Suburban New York Communities Grouped According to Size and State Class IV. Communities Between 5,000 and 10,000 Population New York State: Locality County 1. Freeport {village), L.I Nassau 2. Glen Cove (city), L. I Nassau 3. Goshen {toivn) Orange 4. Hastings-on-Hudson {village) . . Westchester 5. Haverstraw {village) Rockland . b. Hempstead {village), L. I. . . . Nassau 7. Highlands {toivn) Orange 8. Mamaroneck {village) .... AVestchester 0. North Tarrytown {village) . . . Westchester 10. Rockville Centre {village), L. I. . Nassau 11. Rye {village) Westchester 12. Tarr3to\vn {village) Westchester 13. Warwick {toivti) Orange Population 8,599 8,664 5,016 5,526 5,226 6.,?82 6,136 6,571 5,927 6,262 5,308 5,807 7,462 ToTAi, 82,886 New Jersey: Locality County 14. Boonton {toiv/i) Morris 15. Bound Brook {borough) .... Somerset 16. Cliffside Park {borough) . . . Bergen 17. Cranford {toiv/ishifi) Union . 18. Dover {town) Morris 19. East Rutherford {borough) . . . Bergen 20. Fort Lee {borough) Bergen 21. Guttenberg {town) Hudson 22. Hanover {township) Morris 23. Hawthorne {borough) Passaic 24. Hillsboro {township) Somerset 25. Hillside {township) Union . 26. Lakewood {township) Ocean . 27. Linden {/oivnship) Union 28. Lodi {borough) Bergen {ContinueA nn fnlloiiitiff paye) Population 5,372 5,906 5,709 6,001 9,803 5,463 5,761 6,726 8,531 5.135 5,124 5,267 6,110 6,6in 8,175 C'impile/l by the Research Department of THE NEW YORK HERALD 53 Population of Suburban New York Communities Grouped According to Size and State Class IV. Communities Between 5,000 and 10,000 Population. (Continued from pmrduKi piige) New Jersey: Locality 29. Lyndhurst (toivnsh'ip) 30. Madison {lirji-nugh) 31. Middletown (toiviisliip) 32. Neptune {township) 33. North Plainfield {borough 34. Nutley {town) ... 35. Piscataway {toivnship) 36. Princeton {borough) 37. Raritan {township) . 38. Red Bank {borough) . 39. Ridgefield Park {village) 40. Ridgewood {village) 41. Roselle {borough) . 42. Roselle Park {borough) 43. Rutherford {borough) . 44. Sayreville {township) . 45. Secaucus {toivn) 46. Somerville {borough) . 47. South Amboy {city) 48. South Orange {village) 49. South Orange {toiunship) 50. South River {borough) 51 Tenafly {borough) . 52. Wallingtnn {borough) . 53. Westfield (/07(';;) . . Connecticut: Locality 54. W'estport {tojvn) County County Fairfield Population Bergen . . 9,515 Morris . . 5,523 Monmoutli 5,917 Monmouth 6,470 Somerset . 6,916 Essex. . . 9,421 Middlesex 5,385 Mercer . 5,917 Middlesex 5,419 Monmouth 9,251 Bergen 8,575 Bergen 7,580 Union . . 5,737 Union . 5,438 Bergen 9,497 Middlesex 7,181 Hudson 5,423 Somerset . 6,718 Middlesex 7,897 Essex . 7,274 Essex . . 5,283 Middlesex . 6,596 Bergen . 5,650 Bergen . 5,715 Union . . 9,063 Total 269,054 Population . . . 5,114 Total 5,114 Total For Thrhi; Statf.s 357,054 Cnnipiled by the Research Depiirt iiieut of The New York Herald 54 Population of Suburban New York , Communities Grouped According to Size and State Class V. Communities Between 2,500 and 5,000 Population. New York State: Locality County P opulation 1. Amin-ville {village), L. I. . . . Suffolk 3,265 2. Babylon {village), L. I. Suffolk . 2,523 3. Bayshore {village), L. 1 Suffolk . 3,025 4. Bronxville {village) Westchester 3,055 5. Cedarhurst {village), L. I N assau 2,838 6. Cornwall { town ) Orange 4,259 7. Dobbs Ferry {village) . Westchester 4,401 8. Irvington {village) . . \Vestchester 2,701 ■^l. Lawrence {village), L. I. Nassau 2,861 10. Lynbrook {village), L. I Nassau 4.371 11. Mt. Kisco {village) Westchester 3,944 12. Mineola {village), L. I. Nassau 3,016 13. Nyack {village) . . . Rockland . 4,444 14. Patchogue {villaqe), L. I Suffolk . 4,031 15. Pleasantville {village) . \Vestchester 3.590 16. Scarsdale {village) . . Westchester 3,506 17. Spring Vallev {village) Rockland . 3,818 18. Suffern {village) . . Rockland . 3.154 IQ. Tuckalioe {village) AVestchcster 3,509 Tot A I , 66.311 New Jersey: Locality County Population 20. Bergenfield { borough) Bergen 3,667 21. Bernards {tou-nship) Somerset 4,243 22. Bogota {borough) Bergen 3,906 21^. Butler {borough) Morris 2,886 24. Caldwell {borough) Essex 3,993 25. Carlstadt {borough) Bergen 4,472 26. Cedar Grove {township) .... Essex 3,181 27. Dumont {borough) Bergen 2,537 {CnntiniirJ an folloii;intl pat/r) Co/iipitiil by Ihf Rrsearrh Drpnrtmnil of The New York Herald 55 Population of Suburban New York Communities Grouped According to Size and State Class V, Communities Between 2,500 and 5,000 Population {Continued from preceding page) New Jersey • • Locality County Population 28. Dunellen {borough) Middlesex .... 3,394 29. East Newark {borough) . H udson . 3,057 30. Eatontown {township) Monmouth 2,682 31. Edgewater {borough) . Bergen 3,530 32. Fairview (borough) . . Bergen 4,882 33. Flemington {borough) Hunterdon 2,590 34. Franklin (borough) . . Sussex . 4,075 35. Franklin (touuiship) Somerset . 2,955 36. Freehold (borough) . . Monmouth 4,768 37. Glen Ridge (borough) Essex . . 4,620 38. Hackettstown (town) . Warren 2,936 39. Haledon (borough) . . Passaic 3,435 40. Hasbrouck Heights (borough ) Bergen 2,895 41. Highland Park (borough) Middlesex 4,866 42. Hightstovvn (borough) Mercer 2,674 43. Hopewell (toiunsh'ip) . Mercer 3,249 44. Howell (township) . . . Monmouth 2,549 45. Keyport (borough) . . . Monmouth 4.415 46. Lawrence (township) . . Mercer 3,686 47. Leonia (borough) . Bergen 2,979 48. Little Falls (township) Passaic 3,310 40. Little Ferry (borough) Bergen 2,715 50. Metuchen (borough) . Middlesex 3,334 51. Milburn (toivnship) Essex . 4,633 52. Milltown (borough) . Middlesex 2,573 53. Monroe (township) . . Middlesex 2,625 54. Morris (toivnship) Morris . 2,607 55. Newton (town) .... Sussex 4.125 56. Palisades Park (borough) Bergen 2.633 57. Prospect Park (borough) Passaic 4,292 58. Randolph (toiunship) . . Morris 2.509 59. Raritan (tojvn) .... Somerset . 4,457 {Cnnliniird nn jnlloii-ing pnge) (jiinipiliil by till' Ri'Sivtnli J')cpiirt nient of The New York Herald 56 Population of Subvirban New York Communities Grouped According to Size and State Class V. Communities Between 2,500 and 5,000 Population. (Continued from preceding page) New Jersey: Locality County Population 60. Readington {toivnsliip) .... Hunterdon .... 2,525 61. Rockaway {b(jrough) Morris 2,655 62. Rockaway {toivnship) Morris 3,506 63. Ro.xbury (township) Morris 2,976 64. Saddle River {toiunship) .... Bergen 2,845 65. Teaneck {township) ... . . Bergen 4,192 66. Union {toivnship) Union 3,962 67. Verona {borough) Essex 3,039 68. Wall {toivnship) Monmouth .... 3,324 69. Wanaque {borough) Passaic 2,916 70. Washington {borough) .... Warren 3,341 71. Westwood {borough) Bergen 2,597 72. Wharton (borough) Alorris 2,877 Total 179,690 Connecticut: Locality County Population 73. Darien (toivn) Fairfield 4.184 74. New Canaan (toivn) Fairfield 3,895 75. Ridgefield (town) Fairfield 2,707 Total 10,786 Total For Thrte States 256,787 Class VI. Communities Below 2,500 Population Locality Population New York State 248,334 New Jersey 138,554 Connecticut 65,599 Total For Thrki; SrATiis 452,487 Compiled by the Riscarrh Dtpiirl nicnl of The New York Herald 57 Population of Metropolitan New York Recapitulation b); Classes of Cities and by States Suburban Territory CLASSES OF CITIES, TOWNS, VILLAGES, ETC, I. Over 100,000 Population . . II. Between 25,000 and 100,000 . III. Between 10,000 and 25,000 . IV. Between 5,000 and 10,000 . V. Between 2,500 and 5,000 . NUMBER OF PLACES N. Y. N. J. CONN. TOTAL 1 3—4 2 15 2 19 5 17 2 24 13 40 1 54 19 53 3 75 N. Y. 100,176 78,939 78,104 82,886 66,311 POPULATION- N. J. CONN 848,502 668,183 260.283 269,054 179,690 62,839 33,598 5,114 10,786 TOTAL 948,678 809,961 371,985 357,054 256,787 Total for all Localities above 2,500 . 40 128 8 176 VI. Below 2,500 Population ' . 406,416 2,225,712 112,337 2,744,465 248,334 138,554 65,599 452,487 TOTAL FOR SUBURBAN TERRITORY— outside of New York City 654,750 2,364,266 177,936 3,196,952 The Five Boroughs of New York City PERSONS Manhattan 2,284,103 Bronx 732,016 Brooklyn 2,018,356 Queens 469,042 Richmond 116,531 FAMILIES 525,154 166,260 453,587 109,559 23,781 TOTAL NEW YORK CITY 5,620,048 1,278,341 SUBURBAN TERRITORY— Outside New York City . 3,196,952 744,759 TOTAL METROPOLITAN NEW YORK . 8,817,000 2,023,100 Retail Outlets in Metropolitan New York (AS OF JUNE, 1922) NEW Y'ORK CITY SUBURBAN NEW Y'ORK METROPOLITAN FIVE BOROUGHS (50 MILE RADIUS) NEW Y'ORK Grocers and Delicatessens . . 9,844 7,589 17,433 Drugs 2,407 1,203 3,610 Confectioners 2,897 2,897 5,446 Cigars and Tobacco .... 2,980 1,025 4,005 Hardware 1,305 716 2,021 Furniture , . 825 250 1,075 Auto Accessories 2,230 883 3 113 Paint and Oil Dealers .... 868 992 1^460 Goods Dry 2,695 2,045 4J40 Department Stores 194 ^5 259 Men's Wear 2,021 812 2,833 Women's Wear 1,090 486 li576 Boots and Shoes 2,882 1350 4 232 Stationery 1,063 '275 I'ssg Sporting Goods lyg 102 280 Notions and Variety .... 2,492 550 3 024 Jewelry . . . . ' , jyg 350 2,'l28 Jl/ [>i>l>iil„linn tu,i,rr< on lliis nuA f>re, rjiiu/ l^,i,/rs air mmfilrj from the njlicud Biillclni i.-sucd hy the 1920 Federal Cenun Uure„u. 58 Part III. zA)i rians, Greeks, Italians and Chinese. During the day this section is crowded with office workers coming here from all parts of the city and from the suburbs. Retail stores of every kind are concentrated in all parts of this section. It is known for its large number of jewelry stores, automobile accessory stores and stationery stores. The principal streets for retail stores are: Broad- way, Fulton Street, Church Street, Chambers Street, Nassau Street, Cortlandt Street, Canal Street, Park Place and Park Row. Population Total Population . . Persons Families 121,500 27,809 Persons 53,000 —Native Born Whites Per cent, of Per cent, of Total Section N. B. Whites Families Population in Manhattan 12,927 43.6 4.3 SPUYTFN PI H- ST. Compiled by the Research Dcpeirtnient of The New York Herald 68 lA Section Two of Ma n h a 1 1 a n Froyn Canal Street Tsjorth to, and Induding 14th Street From the Bowery West to Hudson River BPiri: W. 14 ST. LI ST. Residential Quality — Fair X. Ills section is mixed, being both com- mercial and residential in nature. It has large wholesale houses. Along the river front there is considerable manufactur- ing and warehousing. It includes Green- wich Village — a cosmopolitan residential territory sometimes called the Bohemian section of New ^ ork. It also includes Washington Square, a high class resi- dential district, where expensive houses are occupied by wealthy and well-to-do people. Among the foreign born whites, the predominating nationality is Italian. The retail stores in this district, which are comparatively few, are not con- centrated to any great extent on any par- ticular streets. Broadwa\-, West 14th Street and Grand Street ha\T a number of stores. Population Persons Families ToT.^L Population 163,500 38,046 Native Born Whites Per cent, of Per cent, of Total Section N.B.H'hiles Persons Families Po/iulatinii in Manhattan 92,000 22,440 56.3 7.4 Co/ii/'iliil hx Ihc Research Dcpartiitcnt of THE New York Herald 69 Section Three of Manhattan From Canal Street and Rutgers Street l^orth to, and Including, East 14th Street From East River West to, and Including, the Bowery Residential Quality— Poor Ihis is the most congested strip of land in all New York, and, in fact, in the entire coun- try. The people are mostly of foreign birth. Jews from Rus- sia and Poland predominate. They live in overcrowded ten- ements. Fully 24 per cent, of those 20 years of age and over are illiterate. There is con- siderable manufacturing here, chiefly of printing presses and clothing. Much of this section is literally covered with small, cheap retail stores, which at- tract people from all parts of the bor- ough because of their low prices. Among the many streets containing these stores are the following: The Bowery, Grand Street, East Houston Street, Avenue B, First Avenue, Second Avenue, Delancey Street, Division Street and East 14th Street. Population Persons Families Total Population 476,000 110,693 SPUYTEN -Native Born Whites- Per cent, of Per cent, of Total Section N. B. Whites Persons Families Population in Manhattan St NICHOLAS fV MANHATTi W. 110 ST. W.5'9 ST. W. 14- 163,000 39,757 34.2 13.1 5-9 5T. p.l-t ST. Cotiipiled by the Resceirrh Dipiirtmcnt of THE NEW YORK HERALD 70 \ Section Four of Manhattan From West 14th Street 7\ the Ri-sriirch Dcpiirtiiioit of The New York Herald 78 Section Twelve of Manhattan From 145th Street 7v[orth to Spuyten Duyvil Cree\ From Harlem River "West to Hudson River SPintrt; n St NICHOLAS f V MAMHATTAJ^A W. 110 ST. ■W.5'9 ST. 5'9ST. W. 14- 31 1+ ST. Residential Quality — Good i HIS is a rapidly growing sec- tion. It is entirely residential in character. It is the least con- gested section of Manhattan. The people are of moderate means and live in modern apart- ment houses. A large number of young, well educated people live here. There are compara- tively few people of foreign birth. The southeastern portion — south of W. lS5th St. and east of Eighth Ave. — is of poorer quality. The stores are all of a neigh- borhood character. They are to be found mostly on Broad- way, Amsterdam Ave., St. Nicholas Ave., Audubon Ave., Dyckman St., Tenth Ave. and West 181st St. Population Persons Families ToT.^i. Population 54,000 12,093 Native Born Whites Per rent, of Per cent, of Total Section N. B. H'hites Persons Families Population inManliattan 42,000 10,244 77.8 3.4 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 79 Section One of the Bronx From Bronx Kills Klorth to, and Including, East 156th Street and (on the WestJ to, and Including, East 161st Street and Macombs Par}{ From Locust Avenue and Whitlock, Avenue West to Harlem River Divisions of Bronx 1 uii sections into which the Bronx is divided cover all the territory in the mainland of the Bronx. City Island, whose population is officially a part of that of the Bronx, is not included in this division of sections. The figures for each section are necessarily approximate only. They are, however, accurate enough for all practical purposes. Residential Quality — Poor This section is a mixed one — being important from both a commercial and residential aspect. It is the most congested part of the lironx. There is a large foreign born population, made up of a variety of nationalities, including Jews, Germans, Russians, Italians and Irish. There is also considerable manufacturing here — chiefly of pianos. This section includes the most important buying center in the Bronx. There are a number of large retail stores which do a big volume of business. Among tlie man\- streets for retail shop- ping, the principal ones are these: Third Ave., Brook Ave., Willis Ave., Southern BKd., West- chester Ave., St. Anns Ave., 138th St. and 149th St. Pop ulat ion TOTAL POPULATION Pt'isons Families 163,000 37,045 Pits nils 102,000 Native Born Whites ■ Fiimilirs 24,286 Pfncjil. of Total Section Population 62.6 Percent, of N. B. Whiles in Bronx 79 9 (Uiiiipihd h\ /hi- Rcsccirch Dtp/irtinoil of The New York Herald 80 Section Two of the Bron X From East 156th Street and (on the West) East i6ist Street Klorth to, and Including East 174th Street. Crotona Par\ East, Crotona Parl{ South and Mt. Eden Avenue From Whitlock Avenue and Bronx River West to, hut Excluding Grand Concourse Residential Quality — Poor X HIS section is chiefly residential. It is inhabited mostly by Jews. Tene- ments and apartment houses are the predominating; kinds of dwellinsrs. The principal shopping streets are: Third Ave., Boston Post Road, Prospect Ave., Southern Boulevard, Webster Ave. and 16^rd St. The stores are of medium and cheap grade. Population TOT II. POPULATION Persons Families 251,000 57,0.?') Pel snns 1()1,5(K) Native P.orn Whites Families .^8,452 Peiieiil. iij Peiieiil. of Total Se, lion N.B. Whiles Popiilalion in Bronx 04.3 35.1 C'liiipilt'il by /!"■ Research De/itirtnient of The New York Herald 81 Section Three of the Bronx From East i6ist Street and Macomhs Par\ J^orth to, and Including Kingshridge Rd. From, and Including Grand Concourse West to Harlem River Residential Quality — Good X HIS Grand Concourse Section is the best residential section in the Bronx. Although its total population is small, it contains a large number of the best families in the borough. It has high class private dwellings and modern apartment houses. There are comparatively few foreign born whites. New York University is located here. The section includes the parts of the Bronx known as Kingsbridge and University Heights. Compared with other sections in the Bronx, there are few stores here. Most of these are found on Jerome Ave., Tremont Ave., Burnside Ave. and Ford- ham Road. Population TOTAL POPULATION Persons Families 48,000 10,909 Persons 36,000 ■Native Born Whites - Families 8,619 Percent, of Percent, of Total Section N. B. H'liites Population in Bronx 75.0 7.8 Compiled h\ the Research Dcfxirtinciit of The New York Herald 82 Section Four of the Bronx From East 174th Street, Crotona Par\ East, Crotona Par\ West and Mt. Eden Avenue, Islorth to Bronx Par}{ and to, and Including Kingshridge Road and East 194th Street From Bronx River West to, hut Excluding Grand Concourse Residential Quality — Fair JL HIS is a mixed section. In addition to being a large medium class residen- tial section, it embraces several important business centers. The people are mostly of Jewish descent of moderate means. The dwellings are for the most part good apartment houses and some one and two family houses. It is known as the Tremont and Fordham Section of the Bronx. Fordham Uni- versity is located in the northwestern part. The most important shopping streets are: Third Avenue, Webster Avenue, Tremont Avenue, Fordham Road, East 180th Street and East 181st Street. TOT. 1 1. POl'VI.ATION Persons Families Population Persons 95,000 Nati Families 22,620 Born Whites - Percent, of Total Section Population 50.0 Percent, of N. B. Whites in Bronx 20.6 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 83 Section Five of the Bronx From East River ?s[orth to Bronx and Pelham Par\way From East River and Long Island Sound West to Bronx River and to, and Including 'Whitloc\ Avenue JL HIS is a residential district with considerable undeveloped land. The population is small. People of moderate means live mostly in one, two and three family houses. There are also modern apartment houses here. This ' '-w.- ^i^C^^ section includes what is known as the Westchester, Van Nest, Unionport and Hunts Point portions of the Bronx. There are no prominent buying centers here. The few neighborhood stores are scattered on a number of streets, among the most important of whicli are: Westchester Avenue, Van Nest Avenue, Morris Park Avenue, East 177th Street, Fort Schuyler Road, Walker Avenue (West Farms Road) and Hunts Point Road. Population TOT.n. porur.iTioN Persons Families 58,000 13,182 Persons 35,000 Native Horn Whites- Fii m Hies 8,334 Percent, of Percent, of Total Section N.B.H'/iites Population in Bronx 60.3 7.6 (^ri>/ipilitl liy the Ri-.U'/:rrli Dcpiirt iiuiil (if The New York Herald 84 Section Six of the Bronx From Bronx and Pelham Par\way ?iorth to Borough Line From Long Island Sound West to Bronx Par\, and to, hut Excluding Broadway Residential Quality — Fair Xhis large and comparatively undeveloped area contains a small popula- tion composed of desirable well-to-do people. Within this area there are smaller districts in which there is a greater concentration of population. Among these are: Woodlawn, Wakefield, Williamsbridgc and Bedford Park. The dwellings are chiefly one and two family houses. 'riicif arc LomiKuativcly few stores in this seetidii. 'J"lie.\ are iKit omeentratcd un an\ iiaitieu- lar streets. 'rhe\- are of the neighhorhood type and are to he found in small numhers at man\- scattered points. Wiiite Plains Avenue in the eastern part and Jerome Avenue in the west contain a number of stores. Population TOT. 1 1. T()I'VI..ITI()\' I'rrsons Fiimilirs 39,00U 8,804 Persons 24,U(J0 Native IJorn Wliites — Pniint. of Tnlill Si-diiin Fitmllics Piil'iilatinn 6,(J24 6!. 5 Pcrcnit. of N. li. H'/i:ti-s ill Bronx 5.2 Coiiipilnl l>\ till Research Drpdrtiiifrit of THE NEW YORK HERALD 85 Section Seven of the Bronx From Spuyten Duyvil 7i,orth to West 263rd Street (Borough Line) From, and Including Broadway West to Hudson River Residential Quality — Good i HIS is the well-known Spuyten Duyvil and Riverdale Section. It has a number of large private estates. It is the most exclusive part of the Bronx, and contains the homes of many wealthy families. It has but a small population. iTy^.^,--ir^- There are, naturally, but few stores here. Most of them are on the eastern boundary street — Broadway. TOT.II. PUPVI.ATIUN Persons Families 9,000 2,045 Population Persons 5.800 •Native Born Whites- Families 1,381 Percent, of Percent, of Total Section N. B. Whites Population in Bronx 64.4 1.3 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 86 Section One of Brooklyn tram 251/1 Street A[ortli to, and Including joralemon and Fulton Streets From '^th Avenue and Greene Place. West to lJp[)er Bay Divisions of Brooklyn E sections into which Brooklyn is divided cover all of the tcrrif.ry in Brooklyn. approximate only. The)- arc, however, accurate T., The figures for each section are necessarily enough for all practical purposes. ATLANTIC OCEAN^.* Residential Quality — Poor This is a residential section of poor quality. It is an important manufacturing, shopping and shipbuilding district. Iron works and lumber \ards occupy positions on the water front. The people are for the most part of low or moderate means. Irish, Italians and Jews are the pre- dominating nationalities among the foreign born. The dwellings include one, two and three family houses and some tenements. There are a large number of stores in this section. The northeastern part in the \ icinity of Fulton St., Flatbush Ave. and Atlantic Ave. is the largest commercial center. Among the many streets containing stores are: Fulton St., Flatbush Ave., Hamilton Ave., Atlantic Ave., Fourth Ave. Third Ave., South St., Court St.. \"an Brunt St., Columbia St. and I,i\ ingston St. Population TOTAL POPUI.ATION Persons families 138,200 31,386 Native Born Whites Percent, of Percent, of Total Section N. B. fVhites Persons Families Population in Brooklyn 87,000 20,714 62.9 6.6 Crjiiipili'd hy the Research Dcpnrlnient of The New York Herald 87 Section Two of Brooklyn From Joralemon and Fulton Streets to East River and Including Kent Avenue and Flushing Avenue From 7\[o5trand Avenue and Sanford Street West to East River Residential Quality — Fair Xiiis is a mixed section. It is the most important business section of Hru<)kl\n. There arc a number of factories along the northern water front. In the western part (west of Clinton St.) is the exclusive Columbia Heights residential district, the home of many wealthy families. In the other parts of the section the people are of moderate and low means with a considerable number of foreign horn whites. The eastern part takes in wliat is known as the Bedford portion of Brooklyn. The United States Navy 'V'ard and the Naval Hospital are located here, as is also Wallabout Market. /^ '^ "ifTi^rc' OCEAN ^, — -^^' The many good sized retail stores that are located in this section are to be found for the most part on the following streets: Fulton St., Washington St., Sands St., Franklin Ave., Bedford Ave., Flushing Ave., Flatbush Ave. Extension, Park Ave., Myrtle Ave., De Kalb Ave., Bridge St. Bedford Avenue contains many automobile sales rooms and accessories stores. Population Native Born Whites - TOTAL I'OPUL.ITION Persons Families 165,500 37,930 Pen ml. of Percent, of Total Section N. B, H'hites Persons Families Population in Brooklyn 109,200 26,000 66.0 8.2 Cnmpilcd by the Research Department of The New York Herald 88 Section Three of Brooklyn From Flushing Avenue T^orth to J^ewtown Cree\ From 7s[ewtown Cree\ West to East River Residential Quality — Poor 1 HIS is proh;ibl\ the most liighl\- congested part uf Hiookl\n. It takes in tiie Greenpoint and Williamsburg districts. Most of the people are of foreign birth or of foreign parentage. The predominating nationalities are Jews, Italians, Germans, Czechs, Magyars and Poles. There are large manufacturing establishments along the water front. Tenements and cheap one and two famih- houses are tlie principal types of dwellings. ATLANTIC OCEAN There are a large number of small stores here — though not of a high type. Alost of these are on the following streets: Broadway, Metropolitan Ave., Greenpoint Ave., Grand St., Graham Ave., Meeker Ave., Manhattan Ave., Franklin St., Driggs Ave., Wythe Ave., Union Ave., Nassau A\e., Ha\emcjer St. TOTAL I'OTUl. niON Persons Tiunilics 331,300 72,176 Population I'd suns 194,100 Native Born Whife.s F/imilirs 44,004 Perient. oj TencnI. of Total Section N. B. It' kites I'lipiiliilinn in Brooklyn 58.0 14.fa Co/iif>ih/l by ihc Rc.sciinli Dcptirliiieiit of The New York Herald 8'J Section Four of Brooklyn From Fulton Street and (on the East) Atlantic Avenue 'H.orth to, and Including Flushing and (on the East) to Brool^yn'^eens Boundary Line From Broo\lyn'^ieens Boundary Line West to, and Including, T^ostrand and Sanford Avenues Residential Quality — Fair ■I HIS section is iliiolU a residential one — occupied tor the most part 1\\ people of niodeiate means. The liomes are mostly one, two and three family houses. There is some manufactur- ing;. This section takes in the Husluvick, Stu\\esant and Bedford portions of Brooklyn. Amont; those of foreijin descent, (lermans and Jews predominate. The eastern strip, below llit^hland Park and C\press Hills Cemcter)-, has some hijih-j^rade residences. ATLANTIC OCEAN There are se\eral small buying centers here. The stores are small and prices ccjuiparatix el\ low. 1 hey are scattered o\er a number of streets, the most important of which are: Flushinj; A\e., Park Ave., M\rtlc A\e., DeKalb .Ave., Gates Ave., Xostrand A\e., Tompkins A\e., Sumner Ave., Fulton St., Jamaica Ave., Keid Ave., Ralph A\e.. Hroad\\a\, K\er{:reen A\e., Central Ave., Wilson Ave., \Vvckoft' Ave., Knickerbocker Ave. Population TOTAL I'OI'VI.ITION Prisons Families 378,000 88,914 l*rt sons 256,700 Native l.orii Whites Fiiinilirs 58,091 I'lii eiit. of Toliil Sedion Population 67.9 Percfiit. of X. B. H'/iitcs in Brooklyn 19.4 C ft III I'll id by the Rt.uanli Dcpiiitiiiciit of The New York Herald 90 Section F i v e of Brooklyn From Clar\son Avenue 7 10.9 C'linpilcil h\ the Rcstiirdi Drpartniciit of The New York Herald 91 Section Six of Brooklyn From Jamaica Bay J^orth to, and Including, Atlantic Avenue and Fulton Street From Broohjyn'ilueens Boundary Line West to, and Including, Ralph, Remsen and Utica Avenues T. Residential Quality — Poor HIS section is a residential one and taices in wliat is iciKnvn as tlie East New V'ork, Browns- ville and Canarsie parts of Brookl\ n. A large portion of the people are Jews. This is particu- larly true in tlie northern part (East New Yoric), which has a large congested population. The predominating dwellings here are tenements and cheap two family houses. In the southern part (Canarsie) there is considerable undeveloped land and the population is comparatively small. Russians predominate among the foreign born in Canarsie. \ ATLANTIC OCEAN --'' There are a large number of small stores of medium and low grade — most of which are in the northern part of the section. The principal shopping streets are: Atlantic Ave., Libert\' Ave., Li\'onia Ave., Rockaway Ave., Ralph Ave., Utica Ave., Eastern Park\\a\ , Liberty Ave., Glen- more Ave., Pitkin Ave., Sutter Ave. and Dumont Ave. Population rUT.IL I'OI'UL.ITIUN Persons Families 235,400 50,112 Persons 127,700 Native liorn Whites Frimi/ies 27,105 Percent, of Percent, of Total Section N.B.H'/iites Po/yiilation in Brooklyn 54.2 9.0 (jiiiiipili'il h\ till- Rcsctirch Dcfmrt iiniit uj The New York Herald 92 Section Seven of Brooklyn From Avenue U 7okl\'n. It takes in the tiieuter i);u-t of Flatliusli and also Kin^s Highway. Tlie upper part of the section — above Glenwood Road — is of the best residential quality. The dwellings here are expensive one-family houses and high grade two-family and apartment houses. There is considerable undeveloped land in the southeastern portion. Among the comparativeh' few foreign born whites, Jews and Italians predominate. AT L,ANTIC OCEAN^,- Most of the neighborhood stores in this section are high grade. There arc also some medium grade stores. The principal buying streets are: Flatbush Ave., Nostrand Ave., Rogers Ave., Utica Ave., Church Ave., Cortelyou Road, Kings Highway, Newkirk Ave., Ncwkirk Plaza. Population Native liorn Whites TOTAL P0PUI..1T10N Persons Families 74,000 16,649 Person.^ 57,000 /■'iimilies 1,^,05'* Perient. of Percent, of Total Section N. B. fV /sites Population in Brooklyn 78.2 4.4 Cuiiipili'il hy llic Research Department of The New York Herald 'j;'> Section Eight of Brooklyn From Avenue U and Gravesend Bay T^orth tc Prospect Par}{ — and to, and Including, Ft. Hamilton Parkway From East i6th Street West to, and Including, ?^ew Utrecht Avenue and [on the South) iSth Avenue Residential Quality — Good 1 HIS is a high class residential section. It includes part of Flathush and Kings Highway and also the most desirable portion of Borough Park. The southern part takes in Bath Beach. Manv wealthy families live in this section — especially in the northern part. There is considerable undeveloped land in the southeast. A large pait of the population of Bath Beach is Jewish. One and two famil\ houses are the predominating forms of dwellings. CEAN ATLANTIC O The neighborhood stores arc of medium and high grade quality and are scattered on a number of streets. The most important shopping streets are as follows: In the Flatbush (northern) district: Church Ave.. Beverley Road, Coney Island Ave., Cortelyou Road, Gravesend Ave., 16th Ave., 39th St.. Newkirk Ave., Foster Ave., Avenue H, Avenue J. In the Bay Ridge and Kings Highwav district (in tlie south): Bath Ave, 86th St., 18th Ave. Population TOTAL POPULATION Persons Families 110,500 26,274 Native Born Whites Penenl. of Percent, of Total Section A'. B. Whites Persons Families Population in Brooklyn 86,400 19,136 78,2 6.5 C'titipiled by the Research Departinent of The New York Herald 94 Section Nine of Brookl y n From the Atlantic Ocean T^orth to, and Including, Avenue U and Bay 43rd Street From Knap^ Street {Riches Meadows) West to Gravesend Bay Residential Quality — Fair 1 HIS is primarily a residential section, altliovif^h it is impcjrtaiit commereially also, since it con- tains the most popular beach resorts of the cit>'. Coney Island, Brighton Beach, Manhattan Beach and Sheepshead Ba\ are here. The shortage in houses in recent \ears has forced many of the summer homes in this section to he occupied all year round. The people of this section, as a whole, are middle class. The bet- ter residential parts are north of Gravesend Shin Canal. The dwellings are principally bunga- lows, one and two fairih houses and small ajia tir.cnt houses. ATLA^4ill-■ i_/CEAN^^ The stores here are of medium grade. Those at the seashore resorts naturally do a larger busi- ness in the summer. The principal business streets are: Mermaid Ave., Surf Ave., Neptune Ave., Sheepshead Ba\ Road, Shore Road, Ocean Ave., Emmons Ave. and Cropscy Ave. Population Native Born Whites TOT. 1 1. I'OI'UI.ATIUN I'/Tions Farnilies 28,000 6.05! Persons 18,500 Famihrs 4,005 f'errenl. nf Percent, of Total Section N. R. IVIiites Population in Brooklyn 66.1 1.4 C'liiipiUd l^y the Ktsi'tircli Dipartiitent of The New York Herald 95 Section Ten of Brooklyn From Gravesend Bay J-lorth. to Greenwood Cemetery and (on the VJest) to, and Including 79th Street From T^ew Utrecht Avenue and i8th Avenue West to, and Including, 5th Avenue and (on the South) to the 7 , 86th St., Cropsey Ave., Bath Ave. Population Native IJorn Whites TUT.IL l'(JI'UL./TI()i\ Persons Families 136,000 28,802 I* n sons 90,800 I'dmities 20,136 I'erient.of Penent.of Total Seition i\. B. IV lutes Population in Brooklyn 66.8 6.8 Ciiiiipilcd hy the Rcst-tirch Depart men I of The New York Herald •JG Section Eleven of Brooklyn From 79th Street J^orth to, and Including, 25 th Street From 5th Avenue West to Upper Bay Residential Quality — Good 1 HIS ii a mixed section. 'I'licn' is considi-rablc maiiufactuiinj;; alonji tin' watcrfrcint. The in- habitants are mostly of tiie wealthy and middle chiss. The\- live for the most part in one and two-family houses. This section takes in part of Bay Ridge. The southern portion — below Bay Ridge Ave. — contains a number of expensive private residences. The Shore Road is one of the most exclusive residential streets in Brooklyn. The residences in the north are of lower quality. ATLANTIC OCEAN The stores in this section, most of which are ..f the medium tirade, are to be found chiefly on 'I'liird Ave. and I'ourth A\e. Population TU T .//. I'OI'Ul ,.iri(>s Prr uirrs Fiimitirs Vr .U/HS I'lnnilir 71 900 15,993 53, MM 11, '47 Native IJorn Whites l'cr( nit. 0/ Percent, nj Tiilitl Sei linn N. B. tVhiles I'opiiltilinn in Bronklyn 74.9 4.0 Coinpihel by ihc Rcscrinli Dipartmetit of THE NEW YORK Herald 97 Section Twelve of Brooklyn From Hamilton Par\way T^orth to Fulton Street From Prospect Par\ and Underhill Avenue V/est to Fifth Avenue and Ft. Greene Place Residential Quality — Good JL HIS is a high grade residential section, inliahited by well-to-do and wealth)' families. It in- cludes what is known as the Park Slope portion of Urookl\n. There are but few people of foreign birth. The dwellings are good one and two-family houses and modern apartment houses. Prospect Park West is one of the finest residential sections in Brooklyn. ATLANTIC OCEAN The stores, which are of good and medium grade, are found mostl\- on the following streets: Fifth Ave., Seventh Ave., Flatbush Ave., Union St., 9tli St. and 15th St. Population TOTAL POPULATION Persons Famllirs 145,800 32,693 Native Born Whites Percent, of Percent, of Total Section N. B. tVhites Persons Families Populatiun in Brooklyn 99,000 22,021 67.9 7.5 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald x llic Rr.udidi Dcpdrlniciit ol The New York Herald 107 Section Two of Queens — District V. Forest Hills ( Kew Gardens) Residential Quality — Good JToREST Hills and Kew Gardens form one of the most desirable residential districts of Queens. There are many tine private dwellings, occupied by wealthy and well-to-do families. Within recent years some exclusive, modern apartment houses have been built. The people — though small in number — are above the average in intelligence and means. eaSt^ There are very few stores in this district. Most of them are near the station in Forest Hills. Persons 5,000 Population /'r/ ( /■///. fij Fiimi'.ies Queens Pnpuliiliiin 1,263 LO (Juiiipiliil liy the Research Depart iiiciil o/ The New York Herald 108 Section Three of Queens From Grand Central Par\way and Braddoc\ Avenue, l^orth to East River From ^eens'J^assau County Boundary Line 'West to Flushing Crcel{ and 128th Street JL HIS section takes in the following districts, each of which is treated sepa- rately on following pages: Residential District ((uality 1. Flushing; Good 2. College Point Fair 3. Whitestonc Fair 4. Bayside Good Population Native Uorn Whites Pfn frit, of Percetit. of TOTAL POPVLITION Total Snhnn N.B. Whites Persons Tiimilies Priiuns Finnilirs Pnpninlion in Queens 64,000 15,320 47,000 10,905 73.4 13.4 C'jmpUed by the Research Department of The New York Herald 10!» Section Three of Queens — District I. Flushing (Broadway Flushing) Residential Quality — Good Jr LUSHING is a good residential district. It is the home of many wealthy families. The people as a whole arc above the average in means. People of foreign birth are comparatively few. The homes are modern one-family houses. There is considerable manufacturing near Flushing Creek. Flushing is the shopping center of this part of Queens. The stores, most of which are of the best grade, are located chiefly on the following streets: Broadway, Main St., Amity St., Madison Ave. I'crsons .34,000 Population Fnmiitcs 8,108 Pert cnt. nf Queens Populutinn 7.3 (j'jiiipdcil liy tlif Risc/irili Dcpiirt/ncnt of The New York Herald lit) Section Three of Queens — District II. College Point Residential Quality — Fair V^OI.LECJE Point is a mixed district, being a manufacturing center of cdh- siderablc importance as well as a residential district. The inhabitants arc mostly middle class. Persons of German birth and German parentage pre- dominate. The dwellings are chiefly one and two-family houses. ^^titOALj^Sl^^i-'-^^^^.^' There are comparatively few stores here. A number of them are located on 13th Street. Population Percent, aj ''asons Families (Jueens I'lifulntifin 10,()(J0 3,854 J.4 Corn piled h\ Ihc Research Department of THE NEW YORK HERALD 111 Section Three of Queens — District III. V/hitestone Residential Quality — Fair X HE majority of the people in Whitestone and vicinity are of comfortable means. They live for the most part in one-family houses. There are also some two-family dwellings. Along the water front are a number of large factories. c£2taAL^e^Ei^i'''^h^^^- The comparatively few stores in this district are found on Eighth Ave. and 18th Street. Population Prisons 7,000 Families 1,720 Penent. of Oucetis Popuhitiiin 1.5 (^iiinpilcd l>\ the Rac/irili Dcpiirl iin lit ttf The New York Herald 112 Section Three of Queens — District IV. Bayside {AuhuritJalc, Douj^Id.sfoii ) Residential Quality — Good ijAVSIDE is one of the best residential districts in Queens. There are many expensive private residences. Nearly all the people live in detached one- family houses. There is practically no manufacturing. Most of the inhabi- tants are ntaixe born whites. The stores are few in number and of good (|uality. Most of them are located on Bell Ave. and Broadway. Prrsnjt.s 7,000 Population Frimil'iei 1,029 Percent, of Queens Popnl/itinn 1.5 Co//ipilii/ hy Ihc Research Dcparlincnl of The New York Herald I 113 Section Four of Queens From Javiaicd Bay, 7\[orth to Forest Par\, Grand Central Par\way and Braddoc\ Avenue From ^eens'T^assau County Boundary Line West to ^eensSrool^yn Boundary Line L HIS section takes in the following districts, each of which is treated sepa- rately on following pages: Residential District Quality 1. Woodhavcii Fair 2. Ricliinond Hill Fair 3. Jamaica Fair 4. Hollis Good 5. Queens Good P Population Native Born Whites TOTAL POPULATION tV'iT!'' n%"^1''! Tola! Secttnn N.B.IVhiles Persons Families Persons Fiimilies Poputatmn in Queens 134,000 31,176 109,828 25,505 82.0 31.2 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 111 Section Four of Queens — District I. V^oodhaven Residential Quality — Fair W OODHAVEN is chiefly a residential district. The people are of moderate and low means. There is a large foreign born element, made up of a number of nationalities, Italians and Jews predominating. Most of the dwellings are one and two-family houses. The stores arc found mostly on Jamaica Ave. (also called Fulton St.) Population Percent, of Prisons Families Queens Population 29.000 6,744 6.2 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 115 Section Four of Queens — District 11. Richmond Hill Residential Quality — Fair JlVICHMOND Hill is a large residential district of medium quality. Most of the people are of moderate means. They live in one and two-family houses. Richmond Hill is an important shopping center for the people in this part of Queens. There are a large number of stores — most of which are of good quality. The majority of these are located on Jamaica Ave. (also called Fulton St.) Population Percent, oj I'ersoiis Fiimilies (Jiieens Population 49,000 11,400 10.4 CoiiipilttI by till- Rcsc/irdi Dcp/irt iitciit of The New York Herald ik; Section Four of Qi^ieens — District III. Jiimaica Residential Quality — Fair Jamaica is an important commercial center as well as a large residential section. A number of manufacturing establishments have located here within recent years. In the northern part of the town — north of Jamaica Ave. — there are many wealthy, intelligent families. South of Jamaica Ave. the people are of lower means and many of them are of foreign birth. There are a large number of prosperous stores of all descriptions in Jamaica. They draw trade from the smaller communities on the north and east and west'. Most of them are on Fulton St. (also called Jamaica Ave.) Hillside Ave. is also becoming an important business street. It contains a num- ber of automobile salesrooms, accessories stores, and garages. Persons 45,000 Population I'uiniltri 10,469 Prrirnt. of Uiieens Population 9.4 Compiled In ihc Rcscardi Department of The New York Herald 117 Section Four of Queens — District IV. Hollis Residential Quality — Good ITLollis is strictly a residential district and of good quality. There are many high class, wealthy homes. Most of the dwellings are expensive one- family houses. The population is small and almost entirely native born. The comparatively few stores are of the neighborhood type and are located for the most part on Jamaica Ave. (also called Fulton St.) Population Percent, of ersnns Families Queerts PnpiiltUion 5,000 1,163 1.1 C'lnipilrd by the Research Department of The New York Herald IIH Section Four of Queens — District V. ^lueens Residential Quality — Good vvUEENS is almost entirely residential. The people arc well-to-do and in- telligent. The dwellings are mostly modern, well-built one-family houses. There are also some two-family houses. The few neighborhood stores are located on Springfield Ave. and on Jamaica Ave. (also called Fulton St.) Population Families 6,000 1,400 1.3 Percent, of Persons Families Queens Pnt>uliitinn Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 110 Section Five of Queens From Atlantic Ocean 7s[orth, to Jamaica Bay ,^ From Slueens'T^assau County Boundary Line West, to Atlantic Ocean i HIS section takes in the following districts, each of which is treated sep- arately on following pages: Residential District Quality 1 . Far Rockaway Good 2. Rockaw a\ Bcacli Fair Population TOTAL POfULATlON Persons Families 39,000 9,000 Persons 32,968 Native Born Whites Film Hies 7,731 Pereent. of Percent, of Total Section N. B. Whites Populution in Queens 84.5 9.3 Coiiipilcd by the Research Departtiient of The New York Herald 120 Section Five of Qi-ieens — District I. Far Roc}{away Residential Quality — Good r.AR RoCKAWAV is a popular summer resort. It has, however, a large per- manent population which is steadily increasing. Many of the homes that were formerly occupied during the summer only are now used all year round — due to the recent shortage in houses. The people are cither wealthy or of moderate means. A large number of them are Jews. The dwellings are chiefly one-family bungalow houses. There are also some expensive houses with large grounds. The principal business streets arc: Central Ave., Mott Ave., Rockaway Beach Blvd. and Beach 20th Street. Population Persons 24,000 families 5,500 Perirnl. of (Jucens PnpuUilion 5.2 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 121 Section Five of Queens — District II. Rockdway Beach (Hammel, Arverne, Holland, Seaside) Residential Quality — Fair X HIS district also is a popular summer resort — with, however, a large all- year population. The people are of middle class. Jews form the bulk of the population. The dwellings are single family bungalows and also two and three-family houses. There arc a large number of summer hotels and board- ing houses. Most of the stores now keep open all year round. They are of medium and poor grade. Rockaway Boulevard is the principal business street. Some of the side streets, notably Beach 1 16th Street, also have stores. Population Persons 15,000 Families 3,400 Percent, of Queens Population 2,2 Cniiipilcd by the Research Deparlmcnt nf The New York Herald 122 Di\isions of Richmond '^ X HE sections into which Richmond is divided do not take in all of the territory of Richmond. The central and west- ern parts of the island, which are very sparsely populated, are not included in the division of sections. However, the sections described on the following pages take in practically all of the population of Richmond, since all of the impor- tant communities or "towns" are included in one section or another, as indicated on the maps. The population in the small communities not covered by these sections is only about .vSOO. The figures for each section are necessarily approximate only. They are, however, accurate enough for all practical purposes. C'linpUid l>\ the Research Department of THE NEW YORK HERALD Section One of Richmond Port Richmond (Manners Harbor, Westerletgh) Residential Quality — Fair i HIS is a mixed section. In addition to being a large residential section, it is an important manufacturing center. There are large shipbuilding con- cerns located along the water front. Taking the section as a whole the people are of moderate means and live in one, two and three-family houses. In Port Richmond proper and in Wesferleigh there are a number of high grade residents. Westerleigh is strictly residential. Among the foreign born whites, Italians predominate. The principal shopping streets are Richmond Ave. and Richmond Terrace. tot.il population Persons Families 24,000 4,900 Population Prr.sf/fis 16,738 Native Born Whites families 3,416 Percent, of Total Section Population 69.7 Percent, of N. B. IVhites in Ri( limond 20.1 Compiled by the Research Dcpnrttiietit of The New York Herald 121 ^n Section Two of Richmond West 7s[etf Brighton (Livingston) Residential Quality — (lood XlIIS is a high chiss rL'sidcntial disfrict, inhabited by wealthy and middle class families. Livingston has a number of fine homes. There is some man- ufacturing and shipbuilding along the water front in West New Brighton. The number of foreign born inhabitants in this section is comparatively small. The stores are up-to-date and do a good business. Most of them are on Castle- ton Ave. and Richmond Terrace. TOT. 1 1. TOI'UL.ITION Penniii F/imilies 23,000 4,044 Population I'rniini 18,241 Native Born Whites Families 3,723 Pericnl. of Permit, of Total Section N. B. tf/iites Population in Riihmond 79.3 21.9 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 125 Section Three of Richmond T^ew Brighton {St. George, Tomp\insviUe, Snug Harbor) Residential Quality — Fair X HIS is a residential section chiefly — with some shipbuilding and repair- ing along the water front. The majority of the people are middle class. The dwellings are one, two and three-family houses, with one-family houses pre- dominating. There are some high class residential streets in Snug Harbor and St. George. Most of the stores are located on the following streets: Richmond Terrace, Bay St., Jersey St., Richmond Turnpike. TOT A I. POPULATION Prrsons Families 20,000 4,053 Population 13,977 Native IJorn Whites Families Z853 Pereent. of Perienl. of Total Sectmn N.B. IVIiites Popultitinn in Rii limond b9.'l 10.7 CojHpihil liy the Research Deparliiient of The New York Herald Vl{\ Section Four of Richmond Stapleton fCliftonJ Residential Quality — Fair X HIS is a residential section, inhabited by people of moderate means. It is one of the most thickly populated C(jmmunities in Richmond. Most of the houses are of the one-family type. There are also two and three-family dwellings. This section has a large number of stores. They are located for the most part on the following named streets: Bay St., Broad St., Canal St., V^m Duzer St. Torn. I'OI'UL.ITION Persons Fumilirs 22,000 4,432 Population Pnsrins 10.1 ''5 Native Born Whites ftimilirs 3,305 Pen rnt. of Percent, of Total Sertio/i N. B. fVhites Population in Richmond 73.0 19.4 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 127 Section Fi\e of Richmond Rosehan\ (Fort 'Wadsworth, Arrochar) Residential Quality — Poor rVosKHANK is primarily a residential section. Most of the people are of poor and middle class. A large portion of the inhabitants are of foreign birth or foreign descent, the predominating nationality among these being Italian. The dwellings are one, two and three-family houses. The best families in this section predominate in Arrochar in the south. The comparatively few stores are to be fcnind chiefly on Bay St., St. Mary's Ave. and Fingerboard Road. Population TOT. 1 1, PUPVLVTION Pnwofis Tdtniltes 1,000 2,244 Prisons 7,074 Native Born White.s I'timUics 1,444 Pen ent. of Penrnt. of Total Srftion N. B. IV/iiirs Population 111 Rti hmond 64.3 8.5 Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 128 Section Six of Richmond Dongan Hills (Linden Par\, Grant City) Residential Quality — Good T. HIS is a small but high grade residential section. There are a number of estates occupied by people of wealth. Richmond County Country Club is located here. The native born whites are larger in percentage of section population here than in any other section in Richmond. Native born whites form a greater percentage of this section's population than in any other section in Richmond. ^/ZZ K4/J ^^ , — ^ /" W^rrnnu^ ' f /^ t^^"'' There are but few stores in th s section. They are located near the station and on Richmijnd Road. Population - Native Born Whites TO T.I 1, TOTUI.JIION Percent, of Total Sectioji Pen ent. of A'. B. IV/iiles 1'er.uins Famihrs l*rt wojis Families Population 111 Rit hmond 3,f)0() 591 2.052 419 68.4 2.4 Compiled by the Research Depart neni 0/ The New York Herald 130 ^ Section Eight of Richmond Great Kills (Ciffonls. Ehm'smllc) Residential Quality — Fair Xllis section is strictly residential. Its population is small. The majority of the families are of moderate means. The dwellings are for the most part detached, single houses. There are also some two-family dwellings. Great Kills is an important summer resort. ^^.J^ii^^^ii^ " The comparatively few stores in this section are to be found near the station, and on Amboy Road and Gififord's L^ane. TOT. II. I'Ol'VL.ITlOh' Pftsfjfis Families 3,000 612 Population l'fr.ioiis 2,084 Native Ijorn \Nhites I'ert ent. of I'enenl. of Total Section N. B. Il'liites Families Population in Rit hmond 425 69.5 2.5 C'/mpiled hy the Research Department of The New York Herald I i;;i Section Nine of Richmond Tottenville Residential Quality — Fair Xhis section, on the southern point of the Ishtnd, is chieHy residential. There is some manufacturing. The people are of moderate means, living, for the most part, in one-family houses. ^^^^ ^A^.^^^---.* The stores here are small but of the better grade. They are to be found chiefly on Amboy Rd. and Main St. Population Native Born Whites TOTAL POPULATION I'rrsnns Fnmilies 5,000 ,020 Persiim 3,466 Ltimilirs 708 Pni enl. of Perient. of Total Srilion N. B. IVIiitrs I'lipiilaliori in Rii hmond 09.3 4.1 Coinpihd h\ the Rrsetirrli Department of The New York Herald 132 /■> ^Appendix Sources of Information Map of METROPOLITAN NEW YORK Fifty Mile Radius 133 Sources of Information OOURCES of information include the publications and bulletins of the organ- izations listed below, as well as other facts and figures furnished especially at the request of The New York Herald. United States: Departmhnt of Commerce, Bureau of the Census — "Fourteenth Census of the U. S., 1920"; "Census of Manufacturers, 1919." Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics — "Monthly Labor Review," Vols. VII, VIII, IX, X. Treasury Department: Commissioner of Internal Revenue — "Statistics of Income," 1922. State of New York: Banking Department. Tax Department. Department of Labor. Office of the Secretary of State. City of New York: Department of Taxes and Assessments. Department of Licenses. Board of Education. Bureau of Buildings. Department of Health: Boroughs of Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Richmond. Miscellaneous: National Automobile Chamber of Commerce, Inc. New York Telephone Company. Savings Banks Association of the State of New York. Federal Reserve Board. New York Clearing House. Superintendent of Catholic Schools, New York City. New York Federation of Churches — "Statistical Sources for Demographic Studies of Greater New 'V'ork, 1910." The New York City 1920 Census Committee. Queens Chamber of Commerce. The F. W. Dodge Company. Compiled by the Research Department of The New York Herald 134 METROPOLIT METROPOLITAN NEW YORK FIFTY- MILE RADIUS SULLIVAN PENNSYLVANIA u> R J^ \\ ^ ^PLEAS*NlVi^Ue ANEW o '•"■r 4;c W * / (i ^ ~M*0. 'k-\L ^ir'lt J HEMPSTEAD ^SlJ^";'^ H u In T e'Sj! u /O ^ N -, s§«s«i J^ r'y. pL*MB£llvil,LE * * 1 P^mCETpN ■HlCHTSIOWN M ^ /n ^M- SfLong Bnnch pfititwi isbury Pkrh POPULATION ^ CLASSES OF CITIES. TOWNS AND NUM6£/f Of VILL/IGES-OUTSIDE NEW YORK CITY L0Cf!Lni£5 ^ I Over 100,000 Population 4 II Between ?5.000 and 100.000 19 III - 10.000 " ?5 000 ?4 IV •• 5,000 - 10,000 54 V ■■ ?,500 " 5.000 _75_ Total for all Localities abwe P.500 176 VI Below ?,500 Population TOTAL FOR 5UBURBAM TERRITORY NEW YORK CITY (Five Borougtis) TOTAL METROPOLITAN NEW YORK ff66ff£6aTf POPULaT/on 948,678 809,961 371.985 357,054 P56.787 2.744,465 452487 3,196,952 5,620,048 8,817000 r 4? - „ / "■NEWARK . KEY -..imi.OOOMiioVcr.* □ orange 25,000 to lOU.OOO Q lUhway ... 10.000 lo 25,000 O ROSELLE PAIUC . S.000 lo 10.000 @ 6R0NXVIU£ .... 2.500 lo 5.0OO o In* kHlkui 2,500 iaa\ COPYRIGHT 1922 SUN-HERALD CORP.