Qass. Book EI-^IdX S-Kl^ PRESENTED BV \Wc^a * I ) ^rtnnual Hational ^.Or.!-. A JInnual national 33 Encampments^ Grand Jlrmv of the Republic Philadelphia, September 4-9, 1899. Published under the aus- pices of ihe Grand Army of the Republic ..BY.. HUGO THORSCH 631 Chestnut St., Philadelphia. wm mMi)\mMhmW\^ x .K\75 C. J. HEXAMER. Chairman 4V.) Wctliuit Strett J. HAMPTON MOORE. Secretary City Hall Victor Angerer Thomas Chamber/in Charles H. Clarke Joseph R. Craig A. H. Fetter olf F. Ha Herman Franklin Hall Robert S. Leithead Arno Leonhardt Marion D. Learned M. Richards Muckle William H. Staake Copyright. iSgi), by LOUIS WAGNER, Chairman. ...PROQRAMiVlE FOR THE WEEK... MONDAY, September 4th. Reception at the railroad stations of the Com- mander-in-Chief, Grand Army of the Republic, of visiting Posts and of Delegations. Afternoon. 2.30. Parade of Naval Veterans. TUESDAY, September 5th, 10 A. M. Parade of the Grand Army of the Republic. Evening. Academy of Music, Broad and Locust streets. Official welcome to the National Encampment, G. A. R., and National Conventions, Woman's Relief Corps, Ladies of the G. A. R., Army Nurses, Naval Veterans, Prisoners of War Association, U. S. Signal Corps Association, Sons of Veterans, and complimentary to the contribu- tors to the Entertainment Fund. WEDNESDAY, September 6th, Morning. Parade, Union Ex-prisoners of War. Evening. Reception and " Dog Watch," National Association of Naval Veterans, Academy of Music, Broad and Locust Streets. Receptions— Continental Hotel, Ninth and Chestnut Streets : Woman's Relief Corps, in Ladies' Parlor. Daughters of Veterans, in Headquarters of G. A. R. Ladies of the G. A. R. and Army Nurses, in Parlor " C." THURSDAY EVENING. September 7th. Camp-fire, Union Ex-prisoners of War, at the Academy of Music, Broad and Locust Streets. Camp Jas. A. Sexton. Grand display of fireworks at Camp in front of Belmont Mansion, Fairmount Park. Band Concert^War-time Music. WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY, September 6th and 7th. National Encampment and Conventions. Grand Army of the Republic. Grand Opera House, Broad St. and Montgomery Ave. Naval Veterans. St. George's Hall, 13th and Arch Streets. Union Ex-prisoners of War. Odd Fellows' Temple, Broad and Cherry Streets. Woman's Relief Corps. Witherspoon Hall, Walnut Street, east of Broad Street. Ladies of the G. A. R. Y. M. C A. Building, Chestnut and Fifteenth Streets. Ladies' Auxiliary, Naval Veterans. Lecture Room, Y. M. C. A. Building, Chestnut and Fifteenth Streets. National Army Nurses' Association. Fidelity Insurance Building, Broad and Cherry Streets. Daughters of Veterans. Hall of Post 160, 1363 Ridge Avenue. Loyal Home Woriters. Hall of Post 160, 1363 Ridge Avenue. Re-unions of Military and Naval Organizations. Division Corps and Regimental Associations will meet in the buildings assigned to the Army with which they were connected, at the hours named in circular to be issued by Committee on Camp-fires and Re-unions. Commands of the Armies of the Potomac, James, and West Virginia. Odd Fellows Temple, Broad and Cherry Streets. Army of the Cumberland. First Regiment Armory, Broad and Callowhill Streets. Armies of the Tennessee and Ohio. State Fencibles Armory, Broad above Race St. General Rendezvous. Industrial Hall, Broad and Vine Streets. Naval Veterans. N. W. Cor. Broad and Vine Streets. Camp-fires. Camp-fires will be held in Camden, N. J.. Germantown and at other points in Philadelphia. The place and time of meeting and speakers will be published later. FRIDAY, September 8th. Review of the North Atlantic Squadron, United States Navy, Rear Admiral W. T. Sampson, commanding, and the U. S. Revenue Cutter Fleet. Excursions complimentary to the members of the National Encampment, G. A. R., National Assof-iations of Naval Veterans, National Conventions, W. R. C and Ladies of the G. A. R., and other National Orfjani- zations and invited quests, on the Delaware River, passing the North Atlantic Squadron, the U. S Revenue Cutter Fleet, and other War Vessels assigned lor this occasion. The vessels of the fleet will be illuminated by electric light each evening. Admission to the vessels as to hours, etc., will be in accordance with rules prescribed by the Rear Admiral Commanding. Vessels at League Island will be visited under rules prescribed by Rear Admiral Silas Casey, Commandant U. S. Navy Yard. Announcement of these rules will be made in the daily papers. LOUIS Wagner, Chainuan. ROB'T B. BEATH, Sccrdarr. JAMKS ANDRRW SKXTOX. THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. By Robert b. beath, Past Commander-in-Cbief. The Grand Army of the Republic was organ- ized by Dr. Benjamin F. Stephenson, who was in the service as surgeon of the Fourteentli Regiment, Illinois Infantry, ranking as Major. On the completion of the three-years' term of that regiment in 1864, Dr. Stephenson returned to Springfield to resume the practice of his profession. He was born in Wayne County, Illinois, October 30, 1822. In 1825 his parents moved to Sangamon County where he grew to manhood, strong in body, but with meagre opportunities for obtaining an edu- cation. It was not until after he had attained his majority that he was able to take up the study of medicine, and he was graduated and commenced practice in Petersburg, Illinois, in 1849. ^^ ^^'^^ August 30, 1 87 1, in his forty-ninth year. He organized the first Post of the Grand Army of the Republic in Decatur, Illinois, on the sixth day of April, 1866. The charter reads as follows: Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Illinois. To all zvhoin it may concerti, greeting: Know ve, that the Commander of the Department of Illinois, reposing special trust and confidence in the patriotism and fidelity of M. F. Kanan, G. R. Steele, Geo. H. Dunning, I. C. Pugh, J. H. Nale, J. T. Bishop, C. Riebsame, J. W. Routh, B. F. Sibley, I. N. Coltrin, Joseph Prior, and A. Toland. does, by the authority in him vested, empower and constitute them Charter Members of an Elncampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, to be known as Post i, of Decatur, District of Macon, Department of Illinois, and they are hereby constituted as said Post, and authorized to make By-Laws for the government of said post, and to do and perform all acts necessary to conduct and carry on said organization in accordance with the Constitution of the Grand Army of the Republic. Done at Springfield, Illinois, this si.xth day of April, iJ^66. B. F. Stephenson, Commander of Department. Robert M. Woods, Adjutant-General. 5 The following named were elected as officers of the Post: M. F. Kanan, Post Commander; G, R. Steele, Post Adjutant; G. H. Dun- ning, Post Quartermaster; C. Riebsame, Officer of the Day; J, T. Bishop, Officer of the Guard; J. W, Routh, Post Surgeon; all of whom were duly mustered by Major Stephenson, who then declared the encampment duly organized, and assigned to it the post of Jwnor as Decatur Encampment, No. i. The general thought of Major Stephenson in relation to the objects of the organization may be best shown in the declaration of principles drafted by Major Robert M. Woods, Adjutant-General. ConstituHon of tJie Grand Army of the Republic. ARTICLE I. Deci^aration of Principles. Section i. The soldiers of the Volunteer Army of the United States, dur- ing the Rebellion of 1861-5, actuated by the impulses and convictions of patriotism and of eternal right, and combined in the strong bands of fellowship and unity by the toils, the dangers, and the victories of a long and vigorously waged war, feel themselves called upon to declare, in definite form of words and in determined co-operative action, those'principles and rules which should guide the earnest patriot, the enlightened freeman, and the christian citizen in his course of action; and to agree upon those plans and laws which should govern them in a united and systematic working method with which, in some measure, shall be affected the preservation of the grand results of the war, the fruits of their labor and toil, so as to benefit the deserving and worthy. Section 2. The results which are designed to be accomplished by this organization are as follows: 1st. The preservation of those kind and fraternal feelings which have bound together, with the strong cords of love and affection, the comrades in arms of many battles, sieges and marches. 2d. To make these ties available in works and results of kindness, of favor and material aid to those in need of assistance. 3d. To make provision, where it is not already done, for the support, care and education of soldiers' orphans, and for the maintenance of the widows of deceased soldiers. 4th. For the protection and assistance of disabled soldiers, whether disabled by wounds, sickness, old age or misfortune. 5th. For the establishment and defense of the late soldiery of the United States, morally, socially and politically, with a view to inculcate a proper appreciation of their services to the country, and to a recognition of such services and claims by the American people. To this section the National Encampment at the session in Phila- delphia, January, 1868, added: But this Association does not design to make noniiuations for office or to use its influence as a secret organization for partisan purposes. The Indianapolis Convention (November, 1866) added the word "sailors" which had been inadvertently omitted in the Spring- field* Constitution, and also added a new sec- tion copied from the Con- stitution of the " Loyal Legion," as follows: 6th. The maintenance of true allegiance to the United States of America, based upon paramount re- spect for, and fidelity to, the national constitution and laws, manifested by the dis- countenancing of whatever may tend to weaken loyalty, incite to insurrection, treason or rebellion, or in any man- ner impairs the efiiciency and permanency of our free in- stitutions, together with a defense of universal liberty, equal rights and justice to all men. DR. BENJAMIN F STKPHENSON. To expedite the work of organization of Posts throughout the Union, Major Stephen- son appointed a staff consisting of Colonel Jules C. Webber, Aid- de-Camp and Chief of Staff ; Major Robert M. Woods, Adjutant- General ; Colonel John M. Snyder, Quartermaster General; Lieutenant John S. Phelps, Aid-de-Camp; Captain John A. Light- foot, Assistant Adjutant-General. A number of Posts were soon organized in Illinois, and on July 12, 1866, a Convention was held in Springfield to constitute a Depart- ment for that State, which was largely attended by many prominent veterans. General S. A. Hurlbut was Chairman of the Committee on Resolutions. Major-General John M. Palmer was elected Department Com- mander; Major-General John Cook, Assistant Department Com- mander; General Jules C. Webber, Adjutant-General; Colonel John M. Snyder, Quartermaster-General; John A. Lightfoot, Assistant Adjutant-General. Council of Administration — General John McArthur, General T. F. Mather and General I. C. Pugh. To properly recognize the work of Dr. Stephenson the Conven- tion unanimously adopted the following: Whereas, we, the ineinbers of the Grand Army of the Republic, recognize in Major Stephenson, of Springfield, Illinois, the head and front of the organi- zation; be it, therefore, Resolved, that for the energy, loyalty, and perseverance manifested in organizing the Grand Army of the Republic, he is entitled to the gratitude of all brave men, and that we, the soldiers, hereby tender him our thanks, and pledge him our friendship at all times and under all circumstances. The election of a Department Commander by the Springfield Convention relieved Major Stephenson of any further responsibility for the work of organization in Illinois, and he turned his attention to other States, acting properly as Commander-in-Chief, without other authority than that first assumed, as the organizer of the Grand Army of the Republic. General Webber and Colonel Snyder gave their attention more particularly to the Department of Illinois, and the principal labor elsewhere devolved upon Adjutant-General Robert M. Woods, who visited Madison, Wis., Columbus, O., St. Louis, Mo., and other points, to arrange for the organization of Departments. Colonel Snyder organized the Department of Minnesota. By October, 1866, Departments had been formed in Illinois, Wisconsin, Indiana, Iowa and Minnesota, and Posts were organized in Ohio, Missouri, Kentucky, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Massachusetts, New ^drk and Pennsyhania, when Dr. Stephenson, as Commander-in-Chief, called a National Convention to assemble in Indianapolis, November 20, 1866. All of the above States were there represented, with delegations from the "Veteran Brother- hood," of Kansas, and tin- " Soldiers and Sailors Union " of New York. Major Clayton McMichael, Captain Rosvvell M. Feltus and Colonel John G. Kelley, represented Posts i and 2 of Philadelphia in this Encampment. The following were elected officers of the National Encamp- ment: Commander-in-Chief, S. A. Hurlbut, Illinois; Senior Vice- Commander-in-Chief, J. B. McKean, New York; Junior Vice- Commander-in-Chief, R. S. Foster, Indiana; Adjutant-General, B. F. Stephenson, Illinois; Quartermaster-General, August Willich, Ohio; Surgeon-General, D. C. McNeil, Iowa; Chaplain, William A. Pile, Missouri; Council of Administration — J. K. Proudfit, Wisconsin; William Vandever, Iowa; T. O. Osborn, Illinois; T. C. Fletcher, Missouri; T. T. Taylor, Ohio; H. K. Milward, Kentucky; F. J. Bramhall, New York; Nathan Kimball, Indiana; Clayton McMichael, Pennsylvania. A public meeting was held in the evening, presided over by General Palmer. The War Governor of Indiana, Oliver P. Morton, was enthusiastically received, the audience rising and greeting him with hearty cheers. The resolutions adopted by this fust National Encampment are interesting, as showing the prevailing sentiment of the veterans on public questions, as well as on those more directly affecting their personal interests: We, the representatives of the soldiers and sailors of the military and uaval service of the United States, during the late war against traitors, re- affirming our devotion to these States, the Constitution and the laws of our country, and our abhorrence of treason and oppression; resolve, Fu'st. That the Grand Army of the Republic is organized to maintain in civil life those great principles for which it stood in arms under the national flag; that it stands pledged to crush out active treason, to advance and support loyalt}', to secure sound constitutional liberty to all men, and to vindicate everywhere, and at all times, the full and complete rights of every loyal American citizen, against all combinations of force or fraud that may attempt to deny or deprive them of such rights. Seco?id. . That we pledge all the power and influence which, as individuals or as an association, we can legitimately yield, in the most especial manner to those gallant men who stood fast by the country in the hour of its agony, in the rebellious States; and who, through all manner of losses and injuries, persecu- tions by force and persecutions under color of law, maintained their integrity and vindicated their loyalty; and we solemnly declare that no power that we can use shall be neglected until they are thoroughly and completely protected 10 in the active exercise of every right of American freemen, through the entire country over which our flag floats. Third. That Congress, in justice and not in charity, should pass a law equalizing in a just manner, the bounties of all Union soldiers and sailors. Fourth. That we now, as heretofore, pledge ourselves to use our best endeavors to procure appropriate State and national legislation for the educa- tion and maintenance of the orphans and widows of our deceased comrades, and maimed brethren, and to enforce a speedy adjustment and payment of all lawful claims against the Government due soldiers and sailors and their friends. Fifth. That in our opinion no man is worthy to be a free citizen of a free country who is not willing to bear arms in its defence, and we therefore suggest to Congress the passage of a law making it the inexorable duty of every citizen to defend his country in time of need, in person and not by substitute. Sixth. That as a matter of justice and right, and because the sacrifices made and dangers encountered by the Union soldiers and sailors who served in the late war for the preservation of the country, cannot ever be fully repaid, we respectfully ask that those in authority bestow upon needy and worthy soldiers and sailors such positions of honor and profit as they may be competent to fill; and while we seek nothing for ourselves, or those of our comrades who are able to maintain themselves, we do earnestly recommend this request to the con- sideration of those in authority. And we especially ask the attention of President Johnson to " his policy " heretofore declared on this subject. With the election of a Commander-in-Chief at Indianapolis, it was expected that the Order would be speedily placed on a more effective basis. Posts were certainly soon organized in large num- bers in the Central Western States, and more slowly, but more effectively, in the East, but results soon showed that many thou- sands of men had entered the Grand Army with but vague under- standing of its objects, and their curiosity being once satisfied, they allowed their membership to lapse; while others had evidentl\' joined in the expectation of immediate personal benefit through its assumed importance as a political factor. There were instances where Posts interfered in factional political disputes, even demanding that nominations to offices be made of members or friends and these few instances were so magnified by the press that general distrust of the organization was created and remained long in the public mind. Hven leadersof the dominant parties not being sure of the power or intentions of the organization fostered this adverse feeling, all these tending to weaken the ranks, and retarding the formation of new Posts. Several departments report- ing to the first and second Encampments as liaving a large number of Posts organized, entirely disappeared from the rolls, and others. II holding merely the form of an organization, could report but a few Posts maintaining regular meetings. In the East, Posts were more slowly organized, but they were placed and retained on a sounder basis, and there can be no doubt that the persistence and faithfulness of the comrades of the East prevented the dissolution of the organization. The Second National Encampment was held in Philadelphia, January 15, 1868. The use of the Common Council Chamber in Independence Hall being granted for the purpose at the request of General Louis Wagner, then a member of Common Council and Department Commander G. A. R, of Pennsylvania. Twenty-one Departments were represented, and the members were convinced from the meagre reports presented that a radical change was required in the administration of the affairs of the Order. A proposition to change the terms of the Declaration of Princi- ples which would show the Order to be non-partisan, gave rise to a heated discussion which threatened to lead to a disruption; one side claiming that the organization should be avowedly political in its objects, the other, while as desirous of upholding " the rights of the defenders of their country by all moral, social and political means in our control," took the ground that partisanship had practically destroyed the Order in the West, and would have the same effect elsewhere, and that the organization could not be maintained while there was any ground for the popular belief that it was a secret political society. The amendment " that this association does not design to make nominations for office or to use its influence as a secret organization for partisan purposes," was finally carried. The following were elected officers: Commander-in-Chief, John A. Logan, Illinois; Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Joshua T. Owen, Pennsylvania; Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Joseph R. Hawley, Connecticut; Adjutant-General, N. P. Chipman, Potomac; Inspector-General, Edward Jardine, New Jersey; Quartermaster- General, T. C. Campbell, Ohio; Surgeon-General, Dr. John Bell, Iowa; Chaplain-General, Rev. A. H. Quint, Massachusetts. General John F. Hartranft was chosen as the member of the National Council of Administration from Pennsylvania. General Logan, was one of the most popular, as he was the leading, representative volunteer officer in the country. He gathered 12 around him an efficient staff and every effort was put forth to regain lost ground and make the organization all that was originally hoped for. Still it was manifestly slow work, and some years passed before any visible gain was made. One special act of General Logan's administration deserves to be here prominently presented, the establishment of Memorial Day. Early in May, 1868, Adjutant-General Chipman received a letter from some comrade in Cincinnati, whose name unfortunately cannot now be learned, in which the writer referred to the fact that he had served as a private soldier in the Union Army; that in his native country, Germany, it was the custom of the people to assemble in the spring-time and place flowers upon the graves of the dead. He suggested that the Grand Army of the Republic inaugurate such an observance in memory of the Union dead. General Chipman thought the suggestion most opportune, and at once made a rough draft of a general order covering this subject, and laid it, with the letter referred to, before General Logan. General Logan heartily approved the suggestion and made some changes in the order as outlined. The date selected, May 30, was with the idea of using one of the spring months because of their poetical associations^ and also to make it late in the last spring month, that it might be possible to find flowers in the New England and extreme Northern States. The order reads as follows: Headquarters Grand Army of the Repubijc, Washington, D. C, May 5, 186S. General Orders, \ No. II. / I. The thirtieth day of May, 1868, is designated for the purpose of strew- ing with flowers, or otlierwise decorating the graves of comrades who died in defence of their country during the hite rebellion, and whose bodies now lie in almost every city, village and hamlet churchyard in the land. In this observ- ance no form of ceremony is prescribed, but Posts and comrades will in their own way arrange such fitting services and te.stimonials of respect as circum- stances may permit. We are organized, comrades, as our regulations tell us, for the purpose, among other things, " of preserving and strengthening those kind and fraternal feelings whicli have bound together the soldiers, sailors and marines who united 13 to suppress the late rebellion." ' What can aid more to assure this result than by cherishing tenderly the memory of our heroic dead, who made their breasts a barricade between our country and its foes ? Their soldier lives were the reveille of freedom to a race in chains, and their deaths the tattoo of rebellious tyranny in arms. We should guard their graves with sacred vigilance. All that the consecrated wealth and taste of the nation can add to their adornment and security is but a fitting tribute to the memor\- of lier slain defenders. Let no wanton foot tread rudely on such hallowed grounds. Let pleasant paths invite the coming and going of reverent visitors and fond mourners. Let no vandalism of avarice or neglect, no ravages of time, testify to the present or to the coming generations that we have forgotten as a people ihe cost of a free and undivided republic. If other eyes grow dull and other hands slack, and other hearts cold in the solemn trust, ours shall keep it well as long as the light and warmth of life remain to us. • Let us, then, at the time appointed, gather around their sacred' remains and garland the passionless mounds above them with the choicest flowers of springtime; let us raise above them the dear old flag they saved from dishonor; let us in this solemn presence renew our pledges to aid and assist those whom they have left among us, a sacred charge upon a nation's gratitude — the sol- dier's and sailor's widow and orphan. II. It is the purpose of the Commander-in-Chief to inaugurate this observ- ance with the hope that it will be kept up from year to year, while a survivor of the war remains to honor the memory of his departed comrades. He earn- estly desires the public press to call attention to this order, and lend its friendly aid in bringing it to the notice of comrades in all parts of the country in time for simultaneous compliance therewith. III. Department Commanders will use every effort to make this Order eff"ective. By command of John A. Logan, Com uia ndcr- in - Cli icf. N. P. Chipman, Adjutant-General In this article it is manifestly impracticable to present in detail the work of the organization, its marvelous growth after a few years of hard, earnest work on the part of its officers and com- rades, is best shown in the tabulated figures given at the close; a few general references must suffice. In 1869 the following Article was added to the Rules and Regulations: No officer or comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic shall in any manner use this organization for partisan purposes, and no discussion of par- tisan questions shall be permitted at any of its meetings, nor .shall any nomina- tions for political office be made. 14 This has continued to be the law of the Grand Army of the Republic, and under it the organization has grown to be a powerful influence for good, a grand conservator of peace. The Grand Army has used this influence to secure legislation for the care and education of the orphans of dead comrades, for increased pensions for widows and orphans and dependent parents, and for homes for homeless veterans upon whom the hand of adver- sity has fallen. It has urged an increase of pensions for the disabled to help them in their advancing years and increasing infirmities, and has sought to remove from the nation the shame of permitting men who saved its life to live, die and be buried as paupers in the land they helped to save. While asking State and Nation for needed aid for the unfortu- nate they have not been unmindful of their own obligations to suf- fering comrades. As shown by the official reports, hundreds of thousands of dollars have been annually disbursed by the Grand Army for charity, in addition to personal donations of members that must amount to fully as much more. And what account shall be taken of fraternal visits to homes of afflicted comrades — a work shared in later years by tlie Woman's Relief Corps and by Ladies' Aids under different names; of the comfort given the dying veteran in the assurance that wife and chil- dren should be cared for and not left to the cold charity of a heedless world? The charitable work of the Grand Army has been carried on without distinction of party or creed, rank or color, and very largely for the benefit of those who have remained outside the organization and who had contributed nothing to its support. The Grand Army of the Republic has long recovered from the mistakes of its early years. With a membership drawn only from the limited number who were privileged to wear the uniform of their country in the days of its great peril, the growth of the Order for some years was phenomenal, but each year brings an ever-increasing death-rate among the survivors, and as there is no provision for the continuance of the Order, another generation will know of it only as a memory. It is now over thirt\'-three years since iJr. Stephenstm formu- lated tlu' plans for this organization of veterans of the war against rebellion. His body has long lain in that beautiful cemeter\' on tlie banks of the Sangamon River, but his work goes grandly on. 15 The cultivation of FRATERNITY in this, the arandest association of soldiers and sailors ever formed, and the exemplification of CHARITY for the distressed, have been only portions of the work of the Grand Army of the Republic, It has countenanced nothing of personal animosities against those who, in the past, so wrongfully arrayed themselves against their country, and it has sought to impress upon rising generations the lessons drawn from the history of the past, at such great cost of life and treasure — that the highest duty of the citizen is LOYALTY to his country and its flag! The following shows the membership on June 30, of each year, since 1878, with the losses by death since 1886: membp:rship since 1878. Members. Members. 1878 3I-016 1889 397.974 1879 44-752 1890 409.4'''9 1880 60,634 1891 407,781 1881 85,856 1892 399,880 1882 134,701 1893 397.223 1883 215,446 1894 -.369,083 1884 273,168 1895 357,639 1885 294,787 1896 340,610 1886 323.571 1897 319.456 1887 355,916 189S 305,603 t888 . 372,960 LOSS Bv dp:.\th. Per cent. For year ending March 31, i8S6 3, 020 0.93 " 31, 1887 3,406 0.95 . " " " 31, 1888 4,433 i-i8 " " June 30, 1889 4,696 4. iS " 30, 1890 5,476 1.33 " " " 30, 1S91 5,965 1-46 '* " " 30, 1892 6,404 1. 61 " 30, 1893 7,002 1.78 " 30, 1894 7,283 2.97 " 30, 1895 7,368 2.06 " " "30, 1896 7,293 2.21 " " " 30, 1897 • 7,515 2 35 " 30, 1898 8,383 2.41 i6 ANNUAL Sessions of The National hNCAMPMENT and Commanders-in-Chief Elected. 1. Nov. 20, 2. Jau. 15, 3. May 12, May II, May 10, May 8, May 14, May 13, 9. May 12, 10. Jt:ne 30, 11. June 26, 12. June 4, 13. Juue 17, 14. June 8, 15. June 15, 16. June 21, 17. July 25, 18. July 23, 19. June 24, 20. Aug. 4, 21. Sept. 28, 22. Sept. 12, 23. Aug. 28, 24. Aug. 13, 25. Aug. 5, 26. Sept. 21, .27. Sept. 6, 28. Sept. 12, 29. Sept. 12, 30. Sept. 3, 31. Aug. 26, 32. Sept. 8, 33. vSept. 6, 866 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 S91 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 Indianapolis, Iiid. Philadelphia, Pa. . Cincinnati, Ohio Washington, D. C. Boston Mass. . . Cleveland, Ohio New Haven, Conn Harrisburg, Pa. . Chicago, 111. Philadelphia, Pa. Providence, R. I. vSpringfield, Mass. Albany, N. Y. Dayton, Ohio . . Indianapolis, Ind. Baltimore, Md. . Denver, Colo. Minneapolis, Minn Portland, Me. . San Francisco, Cal St. Louis, Mo. . Columbus, Ohio Milwaukee, Wis. Boston, Mass. . . Detroit, Mich. . Washington, D. C. Indianapolis, Ind. Pittsburg, Pa. Louisville, Ky. . St. Paul, Minn. . Buffalo, N. Y. . Cincinnati, Ohio Philadelphia, Pa. * Stephen A Hutiliut *John A. Logan . * A. E. Burnside "■'■ Chas. Devens, Jr. "■' Jno. F. Hartranfi *Jno. C. Robinson '''Win. Earnshaw Louis Wagner . . Geo. S. Merrill . . Paul Van Dervoort . Robt. B. Beath . . . John S. Kountz . . S. S. Burdett . . . . * Lucius Fairchi Id Jno. P. Rea Wra. Warner Russell A. Alger . . * Wheelock G. Veazey John Palmer A. G. Weissert . J. G. B. Adams Thos. G. Lawler . . Ivan N. W^alker . . T. S. Clarkson J. P. S. Gobin . . *Jas. A. Sexton . . 111. 111. 111. 111. R. I. R. I. JAMES ANDREW SEXTON. James Andrew Se.xton, who died in Washiii.^toii, D. C, Feb- ruary 5, 1899, vvliile serviiio; as Commander-in-Chief of the Granii Army of tlie Republic, enlisted in Chica^io on the nineteenth day ot April, 1861, under the President's first call for vokniteers, and at the end of the first three months' term he was appointed First Lieu- * Now (iSyy) cicccascil. 17 tenant Sixty-seventh Illinois Infantry. Subsequently he was promoted to captain Company D, Seventy-second Illinois hifantry, the First Chicago Board of Trade Regiment. Captain Sexton was in active service during the whole period of the war, discharging every duty with fidelity and earning the confidence of his superior officers. After his muster out, in August, 1865, he engaged for a time as a planter in Alabama, but later he returned to Chicago and entered into business in that city as a stove manufacturer. Shortly before his election as Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, Comrade Sexton had retired from business, and he confidently hoped to be able to visit a large number of the departments during his term. He was, however, invited by the President to serve as a mem- ber of the Commission to investigate the conduct of the war with Spain, and though not in good health, he felt it a duty to set aside personal convenience and accept. He attended to his duties on that Commission closely and conscientiously until stricken down by fatal illness. Comrade Sexton during his long business life found time to take an active part in public affairs and he served as Postmaster of Chicago from i88g to 1894. He was an ardent member of the Grand Army of the Republic. He served it in many positions because he loved it. His last visit to Philadelphia, a few weeks before his death, was to attend to the preliminary work of the Thirty-third National Encampment. He was the first Commander-in-Chief to die while in office. A man of fine presence and charming personality, he will be greatly missed in our councils. His memory will be tenderly cherished by his surviving comrades. WILLIAM CHRISTIE JOHNSTON. William Christie Johnston, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, commanding the Grand Army of the Republic, was born in Cler- mont County, Ohio, March ig, 1843. His boyhood days were spent upon a farm, hi 1880 he entered the Ohio Wesleyan University, at Delaware, Ohio. He was taken sick with typhoid fever in October, 1861, and after recovery, in July, 1862, he enlisted as a prix'ate in Company WILI lAM ClIRISTIH JOHNSTON. Siiiior Vice-ComiiKiiukr iii-Chif f. 19 F, Eighty-ninth Ohio Volunteer hitantiy. The regiment was first engaged in the campaign against the Confederate forces under General Kirby Smith, who were then threatening an attack on Cin- cinnati. They were then transferred to West Virginia, and in February, 1863, were sent to Nashville, Tenn., thence up the Cumberland River to Carthage, Tenn., where they remained until the Tullahoma campaign was inaugurated by the forces under Gen- eral Rosecrans. He was unable on account of sickness to proceed with his regiment, and was taken to Convalescent Camp, at Gal- latin, Tenn. On recovery he was detailed, by order of General Thomas, to act as hospital steward of the Fourteenth U. S. C. T., and so served until August, 1864, when he joined his regiment at Atlanta, Ga., and participated in the campaign against the Confed- erate forces under General Hood, serving in First Brigade, Third Division, Fourteenth Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland, a part of the forces commanded by General Sherman, whose army from this point turned again southward, moving through Rome, Ga., to Kingston, Ga., where preparation was made for "The March to the Sea." When the campaign through the Carolinas began, on reaching Goldsboro, N. C, he received an order (which had been issued in November previous) assigning him to duty as Second Lieutenant, Company A, Forty -second U. S. C. T., then stationed at Chattanooga. After the close of active preparations, Lieutenant Johnston served on court martial duty at Chattanooga, and was mustered out with his regiment at Huntsville, Ala., in January, 1866. In 1867 h^ engaged in the drug business in Union City, Ind., and in 1878 he engaged in the hardware business, removing to Cin- cinnati in 1881 and becoming a member of the firm of Johnston Bros. Hardware Company, of which he is at present \-ice-president and manager. The success of the Committee on Public Comfort at the Cin- cinnati Encampment was largely due to the wide business experience of Comrade Johnston, who was chairman of the C(jmmittee. He was elected Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief by the National Encampment in Cincinnati, September, 1898, and has been in command of the Grand Army of the Republic since the death of Commander-in-Chief James A. Sexton, in Februar\- last. 20 THOMAS J. STEWART. Thomas J. Stewart, Adjutant-General G. A. R., born Sep- tember II, 1848; a resident of Norristown, Montgomery County, Pa; enlisted at sixteen years of age in the One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers (Second Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Corps); a member of General S. K. Zook Post, No. II, Department of Pennsylvania, of which he was Commander in 1879; Assistant inspector-General G. A. R. in 1880; in 1882 appointed Assist- ant Adjutant-General, Depart- ment of Pennsylvania; reap- pointed each year until 1889, when he was chosen Department Commander; in 1883 was ap- pointed Assistant Adjutant- General on staff of Commander- in-Chief Robert B. Beath ; ap- pointed Adjutant-General G, A. R. in 1897 by Commander-in- Chief J. P. S. Gobin; reap- pointed in 1898 by Commander- in-Chief James A, Sexton; was a member of General Assembly of Pennsylvania 1885-86; in 1886 elected Secretary of in- ternal Affairs of Pennsyh'ania- re-elected in 1890; resigned Jan- uary, 1895, to accept appoint- ment as Adjutant-General of Pennsylvania, under Governor Daniel H. Hastings; reappointed Adjutant-General of Pennsyhania, Jan- uary, 1899, by Governor William A. Stone; appointed trustee Penn- sylvania Soldiers' and Sailors' Home in 1886, and has' been secre- tary of the Board continuously since that time; served eight years as member ot (Commission in charge of Soldiers' Orphan Schools. THOMAS J. STl.WART. FREDERICK W. SPINK. Frederick W. Spink, Quar- termaster-General Grand Army of the Republic, served during; the War of the Rebellion in the United States Navy as a first- class boy, landsman and ordi- nary seaman, in the West Gulf and North and South Atlantic Squadrons, in the sloop of war "Brooklyn," gunboats "Nor- wich" and "E. B. Hale," and ship "New Hampshire;" mem- ber of General George A. Custer Post, No. 40, Department of Illinois, Grand Army of the Republic; was appointed Quar- termaster-General Grand Army of the Republic by the late Commander-in-Chief James A. Sexton. He has long been an active and influential member of the Grand Army in 11 FKHDKKICK \V. SriNK. UdlS. Department of Pennsylvania, Grand Army of the Republic. JAMES fisher MORRISON. James Fisher Morrison, native of Philadelphia, born in 1840; graduate of the Philadelpliia High School ; enlisted May, 1861, pri- vate Company K, Second Pennsylvania Reserves ; a typical Ameri- can volunteer, participating in all that came to soldier life in the Army of the Potomac, until that 'fateful day, December, 13, 1862, at Fredericksburg, Va. ; a member of the color guard left desperately wounded and a prisoner in the hanels of the enemy, after the gallant and magnificent charge of the Pennsylvania Reserves in which Comrade Morrison was among the foremost with the colors of his regiment, for wltich he paid the penalty of incarceratidu amid the horrors of old Libby and disablement for life. \n Grand Army circles Comrade Morrison has probably achieved his greatest success. A member of Geo. D. Meade Post i, Assistant Adjutant-General of the Department of Pennsylvania in 1894, 1895, 1896; member of the Executive Committee National Council of Administration ; was unanimously elected Department Com- mander at Wilkesbarre, June 8, 1899. To Comrade Morrison is largely due the present splendid and historical Headquarters of tlie Department, located at southwest corner of Fifth and Chestnut streets, where met the first Supreme Court of the United States in 1791. His efforts and influences have largely aided in the result of saving thousands of dollars to the Department and placed its finances upon a souna basis with a hand- some cash balance on hand to meet contingencies. He at present occupies a position of great responsibility and trust in the civic government as Chief Clerk to the Receiver of Taxes where over $23,000,000 are handled annually. JOSEPH ROBERT CRAIG. Joseph Robert Craig, born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, sixty years ago ; educated in the common schools ; grew to man- hood amid the most fertile of valleys, a sturdy representative of the gallant sons of the old Keystone State. He enlisted as a private soldier in Company H, 133d P. V., which became attached to General Humphrey's Division of the Army of the Potomac and in the terrible assault upon Mary's Heights, December 13, 1862, suffered a loss of 44 per cent of its membership. Comrade Craig has for many years been an untiring and active worker in the Grand Army of the Republic. A Past Post-Commander of Philadelphia's famous Post 2 and Assistant Quartermaster General of the Department since 1897. President of Grand Army Association of Philadelphia and vicinity, 1897, 1898 and 1899. He is one of the foremost business men of Philadelphia, a member of the well-known firm of Eshelman & Craig, manufacturers. HENRY IRVIN YOHN. Henry Irvin Yohn, of Geo. G. Meade Post i, Department of Pennsylvania; born in Pottsgrove, Montgomer\- County. Penn., October 27, 1848 ; a direct descendent of the Rev. Philip I eidy. 24 who in 1747 largely aided in establishing the Reformed Church in America. Comrade Yohn was among the youngest of soldiers in the Union Army, serving five years in Company G, First United States Cavalry, participating in every battle with his regiment under Generals Pleasonton, Buford and Sheridan — the last two years of his enlistment was served in Arizona hunting and fighting the Apaches. His discharge from the army bears the following indorsement from his commanding officer: '' A faithful and brave soldier and an intelligent non-commissioned officer. ' ' He has been for sixteen years an active and energetic worker in the Grand Army of the Republic, a Past-Commander of Post 51 ; member of the Department Council of Administration ; Secretary of the Grand Army Association of Philadelphia ; Assistant Adjutant- General of the Department of Pennsylvania, and since i8go Cashier of the Bureau of Water of Philadelphia. The first Post in the State of Pennsylvania, Post No. I, of Philadelphia, was chartered by Major B. F. Stephenson, Commander-in-Chief, October 16, 1866. Colonel Clayton McMichael was chosen Post Com- mander, October 17, 1866. Post No. 2 was organized October 29, 1866, Colonel S, B. Wylie Mitchell, commander; Post No. 5, November 7, Colonel R. B. Beath, commander; Post No. 6, November 16, General Louis Wagner, commander; Post No. 7, No- vember 17, Colonel Jacob M. Davis, commander, and Post No. 8, November 20, Captain Nicholas Baggs, commander. Post No. 3 was organized at Pittsburg, November 3, 1866, General A. L. Pearson, commander. G^'ueral Louis Wagner, of Philadelphia, was appointed Proxi- sional Commander of the Department, November 22, 1866, and immediately entered on the work of organizing Posts througliout the State, meeting with remarkable success. From the first National Hncampment, at Indianapolis in No\-ember, 1866, the Department of Pennsylvania has, without exception, leen efficiently represented in each National Hncampment, and its 25 importance in, and work for, the organization lias been constantly recognized. The Grand Army of the Republic has chosen from Pennsyl- vania four commanders-in-chief: General John F. Hartranft, May 12, 1875, re-elected •'"> 1876; General Louis Wagner, June 8, 1880; Colonel Robert B. Beath, July 25, 1883, and General John P. S. Gobin, September, 1897. Many other important oftkes in the National Encampment have been filled by comrades from Pennsylvania. Early in its history the Department gave earnest attention to the extension and improvement of the Soldiers' Orphan Schools, and it was on its recommendation that the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home at Erie was established by the State. These institutions are under the supervision and control of trustees, the majority of whom are members of the Grand Army of the Republic, and are so well managed as always to receive the heartiest commendation of the State authorities, and the approbation of the public. In 1895 the city of Philadelphia, by ordinance of Councils, gave the free use of the building at southwest corner Fifth and Chestnut streets for headquarters of the Department. The following have been the Department Commanders: 1866-6 7 . . Louis Wagner .... . . Philadelphia. 1868 . . A. Iv. Pearson . . . . Pittsburg. 1869 . . 0. C. Bosbyshell .... . . Pottsville. 1870 A. R. Calhoun . . . . Philadelphia. 1871 . . * Howard T. Reeder . . . Easton. 1872 . Frank Reeder . . Easton. 1873 . . Robert B. Beath . . Pottsville. 1874 . . * A. Wilson Norris . . . . . Philadelphia. 1875 . . W. W. Tyson Pittsburg. 1876 . . James W. Latta .... Philadelphia. 1877 . . S. Irvin Givin . . . . Philadelphia. 1878 . Charles T. Hull . . . . . Athens, Bradford Co. 1879 . . George L. Brown . . . . . Minersville, Schuylkill Co i88(j . , Chill W. Hazzard . . . Monongahela City. i88r . . *John Taylor .... . . Philadelphia. 1882 John M. Vanderslice . . . Philadelphia. 1883 . . B. S. O-sborne . Wilkesbarre. 1884 F. H. Dyer . . Washington. ♦Deceas :d. 26 1 885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1S90 1891 1892 1893 1894 '895 1896 1897 1898 1899 Austin Curtin Bellefonte. J. P. S- Gobin Lebanon. * Samuel Harper Pittsburg. * Frank T. Magee Wrightsville, York Co. Thomas J. Stewart Norristown. * Joseph F. Denniston .... Pittsburg. George G. Boyer Harrisburg. John P. Taylor Reedsville, Juniata Co. Thomas G. Sample Allegheny City. William Emsley Philadelphia. H. H. Cumings Tidioute, Crawford Co. Alfred Darte Wilkesbarre. William D. StaufFer .... Lancaster. W. J. Patterson Pittsburg. James F. Morrison Philadelphia. The Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. BY Major Richard S. Collum, United States Marine Corps. The Military Order of the Loyal Legion dates its conception from that memorable day in the history of the Civil War, when the civilized world was shocked and appalled by the dreadful news of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, which reached Philadelphia late on the evening of the fourteenth of April, i86q. On the fifteenth. Colonel S. B. Wylie Mitchell, Lieutenant- Colonel T. Ell wood Zell and Captain P. D. Keyser, M. D., met in the office of Colonel Zell, on Sixth street, near Chestnut. The propriety of some action in behalf of those officers of the arm}- and navy then in Philadelphia, and the organization of an association to perpetuate the recollections of the day and of the war, were dis- cussed, and it was determined to issue a call for a meeting, which was held on April 20. At this and subsequent meetings arrange- ments were made for participating in the obsequies of the late Pres- ident, and a committee was appointed to organize a permanent association; this, tlien, the fifteenth of April, 1865, may be said to have been the birth of tiie Order. * Deceased. 27 The principles and objects of tlie Order are as follows: First — A firm belief and trust in Almighty God, extolling Him under whose munificent guidance the sovereignty and integrity of the Union have been maintained, the honor of the flag vindicated and blessings of civil liberty secured, established and enlarged. Second — True allegiance to the United States of America, based upon permanent respect for, and fidelity to, the National Constitu- tion and laws, manifested by discountenancing whatever may tend to weaken loyalty, incite to insurrection, treason or rebellion, or impair in any manner the efficiency and permanency of the free institutions. The objects of this Order shall be: To cherish the memories and associations of the war waged in defence of the unity and indivisibility of the Republic, strengthen the ties of fraternal fellowship and sympathy formed by companions in arms, advance the best interests of the soldiers and sailors of the United States, especially of those associated as companions of this Order, and extend all possible relief to their widows and children; foster the cultivation of military and naval science; enforce unqual- ified allegiance to the General Government; protect the rights and liberties of American citizenship and maintain national honor, union and independence. The separate organizations in each State are termed Com- manderies and their meetings are rendered the more interesting from the fact that carefully prepared papers upon subjects connected with the war are read and commented upon and carefully preserved in the archives Thus the Military Order of the Loyal Legion is gathering interesting details of the operations of the Union forces from all parts of the United States, and discussing with deliberative and calm judgment all that occurred during the four years of the Civil War. These papers are often prepared by those who were active participants in important ^events, by those most competent from experience and education to record them with exactitude and fidelity. The historian of the future will find preserved for gener- alization of dissection a mass of valuable information by means of which the disputed questions which have arisen on either side can be justly determined. The Order is to-day composed of twenty Commanderies. 28 Offic^.rs of tlie Commandery -in-Chief. Rear Admiral Bancroft Gherardi, Commander-in-Chief; Bri gadier-General Selden Connor, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Major-General John R. Brooke, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel John P. Nicholson, Recorder-in-Chief Brevet Major William P. Huxford, Registrar-in-Chief ; Brevet Colonel Cornelius Cadle, Treasurer-in-Chief ; Chaplain Henry Hopkins, D. D., Chaplain-in-Chief ; Brevet Brigadier-General J. Marshall Brown, Colonel Arnold A. Rand, Brevet Major George W. Chandler,* General Nelson Cole, Council-in-Chief. National Association of Naval Veterans of the United States. BY William Simmons, Historian of the Organisation. The first suggestion for the formation of a National Association appeared in the National Tribune, of Washington, D. C, in June, 1886 in a communication from Mr. William Simmons of Philadelphia. It met with a favorable response. The " Farragut Association of the West" sent out a letter under date of October 12, 1886, recornmending each Naval Veteran Asso- ciation throughout the country to appoint a committee of three to meet during the winter at some central point, to consider the advisa- bility of forming a National Association of Naval Veterans. A convention was held in New York City, on January 13, 1887, with delegates present from New York, New Jersey, Penn- sylvania, Connecticut, Illinois and Wisconsin. The Association then represented by duly authorized delegates were: The Farragut Naval Association of Philadelphia, Farragut Naval Association of New York, Naval Veteran Association of Con- necticut, and Farragut Veteran Association of the West, located at Chicago. The following officers were elected: Commodore, Charles W. Adams, Illinois; Commander, Charles A, Stillman, Connecticut; Paymaster, F. H. Grove, New York; * I)ii.-il July ,il , 1^199. 29 Surgeon, J. D. Murray, New Jersey; Secretary, William Simmons, Pennsylvania; Assistant Secretary, Walter M. Chester, Illinois. The name adopted is the "National Association of Naval Veterans " and the following Declaration of Principles shows the objects of the organization and who are eligible to membership: :st. A firm belief and trust in Almighty God. 2d. True allegiance to the United States of America, based upon par- amount respect for, and fidelity to, the Constitution and laws. 3d. The development of the United States Navy. 4th. To discountenance whatever may tend to weaken loyalty, excite in- surrection, treason or rebellion. The object of this association, as defined in its constitution, shall be to cherish the memory and associations of the War of the late Rebellion; per- petuate the glorious name and deeds of our navy; to strengthen the ties of fraternal fellow.ship and sympathy; to advance its best interests and to extend all possible relief to the widows and children of members; to further the cultivation of naval science; to enforce unqualified allegiance to the general government; to protect the rights and liberties of American citizenship, and to maintain national honor, union and independence. Any officer or enlisted man, who has served in the United States Navy, Marine Corps or Revenue Marine ser- vice, during any portion of the time from April 12, 1861, to August 25, 1865, who has not borne arms against the United States, or been convicted of any infamous crime, still in the ser- vice, or who has been honorably discharged, or resigned therefrom by an honorable acceptance of resignation, is eligible to membership in this asso- ciation. Recognition of Naval l^eierans by ilie G. A. R. A general reunion of naval veterans was held in connection with the National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic % J I'. K. l-DSS. 30 at Columbus, Ohio, September, 1888, and they formed a division in the parade and attracted considerable attention. They had sev- eral large models of gun-boats and monitors, with crews in naval suits. Bombs were fired at frequent intervals from mortars on the boats. The same plan of parade was adopted at the Boston Encamp- ment in 1890. At Columbus it was decided to present the name of Comrade Joseph Hadfield, a naval veteran [of New York, for the position of Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief of the G. A. R. , and he was then elected. The growth of the organization will be shown by the number of local associations at this time: official No. Name of Association. Headquarters. Date of Organization. 1. Farragut xA.ssociation Philadelphia, Pa. . August 5, 1867. 2. Farragut Association New York . . . . November 15, 1883. 3. Gideon Welles Assn. of Conn. Hartford, Conn. . June 18, 1884. 4. Farragut Association Chicago, 111. . . . June 25, 1884. 5. Essex Association Salem, Mass. . . February 26, 1887. 6. Cushing Association Milwaukee, Wis. . June 4, 1888. 7. Naval Association of the Gulf . New Orleans, La . September i, 1S88. 8. Minnesota Association .... St. Paul, Minn. . April 15, 1889. 9. D. D. Porter Association . . . Columbus, Ohio . July 20, 1889. 10. Admiral Dahlgren Assn. . . . Dayton, Ohio . . October 19, 1889. 11. Farragut Association Providence, R. I. . October 19, 1889. 12. D. D. Porter Association . . . Louisville, Ky. . . March 2, 1890. 13. Naval Veteran Association . . Cincinnati, Ohio . October 15, 1890. 14. Maryland Association .... Baltimore, Md. . . January, 1891. 15. Naval Vet. Assn. of Illinois . Chicago, 111. . . . February 14, 1891. 16. Shirk Association ...... Erie, Pa March 12, 1891. 17. Admiral Dupont Association . Fort Worth, Texas March 21, 1891. 18. T. A. Budd Association . . . Buffalo, N. Y. . . April 29, 1891. 19. Potomac Association Washington, D. C. November iS, 1891. 20. Cumberland Association . . . New Bedford, Mass. December, 1891. 21. Central New York Assn. . . . Amsterdam, N. Y. December 18, 1891. 22. Commodore Perr}' Assn. . . .Cleveland, Ohio .January 11, 1892. 23. Michigan Association . . . . Detroit, Mich. . .January 11, 1892. 24. Herrick Blue Association . . Zanesville, Ohio . June 16, 1892. 25. Monitor Association Brooklyn, N. Y. . August 4, 1892. 26. Kearsarge Association .... Portsmouth, N. H. Chartered Jan. 2, 1893. 27. Black Hawk Association . . . Indianapolis, Ind. Chartered Jan. 16, 1893. 28. Dahlgren .Association .... Lowell, ^lass. . . Chartered Feb. 13, 1893. 29. Kennebec Association .... Bath, Me Chartered Mar. 14, 1893. 31 Official No. Name of Association. Headquarters. Date of Organization. 30. Admiral S. C. Rowan Assn. . Annapolis, Md. ..Chartered Oct. 27, 1S93. 31. Farragnt Association Boston, Mass. . . Chartered Nov, 22, 1893. 32. Philadelphia Nav. Vet. Assn. . Philadelphia, Pa . Chartered Jan. 20. 1894. 33. Admiral Winslow Assn. . . . Pittsburg, Pa . . Chartered April 10, 1894. 34. Rock River Nav. Vet. Assn. . Rockford, 111. . . Chartered May 15, 1S94. 35. Lake Superior Nav. Vet. Assn. Marquette, Mich . Chartered Oct. 19, 1894. 36. Commodore Hopkins N.V.A. . Santa Monica, Cal. Chartered Oct. 24, 1894. 37. S. C. Rovpan Assn. Nav. Vet. . Portsmouth, Va. . Chartered Dec. 22, 1894. 38. Admiral Foote Nav. Vet. Assn. St. Louis, Mo. . . Chartered Sept. i, 1895. 39. Admiral Boggs Nav. Vet. Assn. Newark, N.J. . . Chartered Oct. 22, 1895. 40. Kearsarge Assn. Nav. Vet. . . Boston, Mass. . . December 7, 1887. 41. Naval Veteran Legion .... Philadelphia, Pa . November, 1890. 42. Thornton Assn. Nav. Vet. . . Manchester, N. H. May, 1896. Conventions Held, Time and Place of Meeting and Names of Senior Officers Elected. The First Convention was held in New York in January, i' C. W. Adams, of Chicago, was elected Senior Officer. The Second Convention was held in Philadelphia in January, 1888. Joseph Hadfield, of New York, was elected Senior Officer. The Third Convention was held at Columbus, Ohio, in Sep- tember, 1888. No election was held. The Fourth Convention was held at Milwaukee, Wis., August 1889. Symmes E. Browne, of Columbus, O., was elected Senior Officer. The Fifth Convention was held at Boston, Mass., August, 1890. W. S. Wells, of New Haven, Conn., was elected Senior Officer. The Sixth Convention was held at Detroit, Mich., August, 1891. W. S. Wells, of New Haven, Conn., was re-elected Senior Officer. The Seventh Convention was held at Baltimore, Md., Septem- ber, 1892. B. S. Osbon, of New York, was elected Senior Officer. The Eighth Convention was held at Indianapolis, hid., Septem- ber, 1893. B. S. Osbon, of New York, was re-elected Senior Officer. The Ninth Convention was held at Pittsburg, Pa., September, 1894. F. B. Allen, of Hartford, Conn., was elected Senior Officer. The Tenth Convention was held at Louisville, Ky., September, 1895. Rev. Samuel Alman, of Brooklyn, N. Y., was elected Senior Officer. 32 The Eleventh Convention was held at New York City, July, 1896. Cyrus Sears, of Baltimore, Md., was elected Senior Officer. The Twelfth Convention was held at Buffalo, N. Y., August, 1897. Daniel F. Kelley, of Philadelphia, Pa., was elected Senior Ofifker. The Thirteenth Convention was held at Cincinnati, O. , Sep- tember, 1898. J. F. R. Foss, of Minneapolis, Minn., was elected Senior Officer. The Fourteenth Convention will be held in Philadelphia during the G. A. R. Encampment, September, 1899. All the Senior Officers are still living and members of the Grand Army. Roster of Officers, i8gg, Naiional Association Naval Veterans, U. S. of A. J. F. R. Foss, Rear Admiral Commanding, Minneapolis, Minn Edward Bliss, Fleet Commodore, Brooklyn, N. Y. William E. Larzelere, Fleet Captain, Zanesville, O. Benjamin D. Blanchard, Fleet Commander, New York City. James A. Miller, Fleet Lieutenant-Commander, Athens, O. William Mchitosh, Fleet Lieutenant, New York City. Walter E. Jacobs, Fleet Master, New Haven, Conn. James Kennedy, Fleet Ensign, Portsmouth, Va. J. L. Cilley, M. D. , Fleet Surgeon, Cincinnati, O. E. F. Dustin, Fleet Paymaster, Providence, R. I. F. V. Christian, Fleet Engineer, Chicago, 111. A. S. McWilliams, Fleet Chaplain, Detroit, Mich. F. C. Harvey, Fleet Judge Advocate, Minneapolis, Minn. Edward Wiggins, Fleet Boatswain, Brooklyn, N. Y. William Simmons, Fleet Historian, Philadelphia, Pa. Frederick E. Haskins, Fleet Secretary, Brooklyn, N. ^'. First Naval Post of the G. A. R. To the Department of Pennsylvania belongs the honor of issuing a charter to the first Grand Army Post composed exclusively of veterans who served in the navy during the rebellion. Thirty-seven members signed the application for a charter and Naval Post was assigned No. 400 in numerical order in the Depart- ment. 33 The Post was organized on the twelfth day of December, 1883. Comrade John Stewart acted as Mustering Officer, and the fol- lowing named were the first officers chosen: Commander, W. J. Ferguson; Senior Vice-Commander, William Roberts; Junior Vice- Commander, L. J. Vosburg; Chaplain, VV. M. Bartram; Adjutant, John F. Mackie; Trustees, William Simmons, Peter Peterson and W. G. Lowe. Commander Ferguson had been thirty-one years in the United States service. The Post room in Industrial Hall, on Broad Street above Vine, will be the general head-quarters for naval veterans, during the Encampment. Past Post Commanders in order of service are: Wm. J. Fer- guson, Wm. M. Bartram, John F. iV\ackie, J. A. Connolly, William Simmons, Henry McGinniss, J. V. Home, J. E. Boyle. H. B. Devitt, Frank Robinson, J. R. Pedrick, M. Quigley, John Sproule, Thomas Farnan and H. B. Myers. ' Sons of Veterans U. S. a. Past Post Commander David Knapp, of Anna M. Ross Post, No. 94, of Philadelphia, Department of Pennsylvania, G. A. R., was the originator of this Order. He organized, on April 24, 1879, the Anna M. Ross Cadet Corps, No. i. This action was quickly followed b\' Captain Philip R. Schuyler Post, No. 51; General U. S. Grant Post, No. 5; Ulric Dahlgren Post, No. 14, and General John F. Reynolds Post, No. 71, all of Philadelphia, and Yeager Post, No. 13, of Allentown, Pa., who organized their Cadet Corps with material drawn from the sons of those eligible to the G. A. R. This idea spread throughout the Eastern States, and a perma- nent organization was effected in Allentown, Pa., in 1881. Officers were elected and laws adopted. A ritual was also compiled by Cap- tain John Taylor, of Captain Philip R. Schuyler Post, No. 51, and the name was changed from Cadet Corps to Camps. Shortly after this a national organization was formed and William Cope, of Phil- adelphia, was elected Commander-in-Chief. Dissensions soon arose, and in February, 1883, a large portion of the Pennsylvania Division withdrew and organized the Eastern Pennsylvania Di\'i- sion. FRANK I,. Sin;PARD. Coinmaiider-iii-Chief, Sons of Veterans 35 The present organization of Sons of Veterans, U. S. A., was formed in Pittsburg, Pa., in November, 1881, by Major C. P. Davis, who died May 21, 1899. Colonel H. T. Rawley became the first Provisional Commander-in-Chief. Soon after this the Camps in Massachusetts became allied with those of the national organization, with a large percentage of the Eastern Division of Pennsylvania. At the first National Encampment of the Sons of Veterans, U. S. A., the United States was divided into five Grand Divisions, each maintaining separate headquarters with their respective com- manders. This plan was discontinued by the Fourth Annual Encampment of the Commandery-in-Chief, held in Grand Rapids, Mich., in 1885. The present membership is about 57,000. Its objects are : 1. To keep green the memories of our fathers and their sacri- fices for the maintenance of the Union. 2. To aid the members of the Grand Army of the Republic and all honorably discharged Union soldiers, sailors and marines in caring for their helpless and disabled veterans; to extend aid and protection to their widows and orphans; to perpetuate the memory and history of their heroic dead, and the proper observance of Memorial Day and Union Defenders' Day. 3. To inculcate patriotism and love of country, not only among our membership, but among all the people of our land, and to spread and sustain the doctrine of equal rights, univeirsal liberty and justice to all. Officers of iJie Commandery-in-Cldef. Frank L. Shepard, Commander-in-Chief, Chicago, ill. ; George E. Cox, Senior Vice-Commander- in-Chief, Hartford, Conn. ; Z. C. Green, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, White, S. D. ; G. B. Abbott, Adjutant-General, Chicago, 111. ; Frederick E. Bolton, Quartermaster-General, Boston, Mass.; F. W. Briggs, Inspector- General, Shickshinny, Pa. ; James W. Noel, Judge Advocate-Gen- eral, Indianapolis, Ind. ; F. H. B. McDowell, M. D., Surgeon-General, Racine, Wis. ; Rev. A. J. Morris, Chaplain-in-Chief, South Frank- ford, Mich. ; H. H. Hammer, Reading, Pa. ; J. E. Haycraft, Madelia, Minn., and J. D. Rowen, Des Moines, la., Council-in-Chief. SONS OF VETERANS' REGIMENT 'HR Sons of Veterans' Regiment was recruited from the armed >;nard of the Sons of Veterans' Camps of Pennsylvania at the ouibreak of the late war with Spain, and was the first volunteer command to offer its services to the State and National Government. The regiment was fully equipped, uniformed and armed. The command numbered 1200 men and was known as the Twenty-second Pennsylvania Infantry. Henry Douglas Hughes, a descendant of Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, one of the signers of the Decla- ration of Independence, and we 1 known in the financial, social, military and political circles of Philadelphia, was unanimoush^ elected Colonel of the regi- ment. The command went into camp, and when the war was at its height Colonel Hughes had official notice to have the regi- ment ready for instant service. In July, 1898, the regiment was offi- cially inspected by Major General George R. Snowden and Brig- adier-General Edward Morrell, preparatory to its reception into the National Guard of Pennsylvania. Upon a vote of the officers, however, the regiment declined the proffered honor, as it was a war organization only. It is worthy of note that at this period the Twejity second Regi meut, Sons of Veter- ans, was the only body of troops in Pennsyl- vania fully armed, uni- formed and equipped prepared to answer a call to i-uppress domes- tic violence or foreign invasion. On the day of the great military parade, Philadelphia's Peace Jubilee, no regiment in line received more favorable c o m m e n t than this splendid body of men. ])icked from the very flower of Pennsylvania's youth, who-;e fatheis liad liorne honorable and conspicuous part in the great Civil War. The fine appearance and marching of the men was highly praised by President INL-ICmley, Mdjor-General Nelson A. Miles, and other prominent officers of the United States Army. After thf Peace Jubilee parade the command was mustered out as the Twenty second Infantry, and is now known as the I'irst kegiment, Sons of Veterans. This organization has been invited by the Coniniiitee of the Thirty-third Annual Encampment of the (irand Army of the Republic to guanl Camp Sexton, and to participate in the great parade of tlie Grand .\rmy September 5 The regi- ment will i)e camped on the plateau facing Belmont Mansion, Fairinount Park, during the week of the National l^noampment. The regiment will have in camp 700 men, and will be under command of Colonel Henry Douglas Hughes. COL. HENhY DOUGLAS HUGHES 37 The Woman's Relief Corps. The National Woman's Relief Corps was organized in Denver, Colorado, August, 1883, in response to an inx'itation sent out by Paul Van Dervoort, then Com- mander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic. The first resolutions looking to the organization of the auxiliary society were adopted unanimously by the Fifteenth Annual Encampment and were as follows: Resolved, That we approve of the project of organiz- ing a National Woman's Relief Corps. Resolved, That such Woman's Relief Corps may use, under such title, the words— " Auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic." The Woman's Relief Corps took for its foundation- Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty. The Fraternity that means something, the Charity which helps the needy, not letting the left hand know what the right hand is doing, and the Loyalty which gives to our nation the dearest and best of her hearts loved ones. Realizing that to some loyal, true hearts the accident of birth or marriage might be a barrier in the work of caring for the veteran and his dep^endent ones, the W. R. C. opened its doors and admitted to its ranks all loyal women who had not given aid or comfort to the enemies of the Government. Many doubted the wisdom of this action, but true to the magnificent spirit which called it into existence, the Woman's Relief Corps believed that as many loyal hearts and hands not related to the comrade, ministered to the soldiers and their loved ones in time of war, so in peace the doors'of the Order should be opened and our loyal friends invited to join in our labors. This action has never been regretted. From a membership of about fifty at the organization we have increased until we now number 150,000. From an empty treasury in 1883, we have grown financially until we have expended up to the thirty-first of March, 1899, $1,586,354-18. We feel we have done a creditable work. Of the 150,000 members all but 20,oco are relatives of soldiers. These twenty thousand members repre- sent the unselfish devotion of the loyal women of our country toward our country's defenders. The W. R. C. has expended S126,- 000 for the " bovsof '98," besides the hundreds of boxes of supplies 3« not valued in money. Legislation affecting the Order as a whole, is through the National Convention which meets at the same time and place as the Grand Army, and is promulgated through general orders. Legislation pertaining to States is transacted in Department Conventions. it supports a National Relief Corps Home for wives and mothers of soldiers and dependent army nurses. It has been the means of establishing homes in Illinois, California, Michigan, Wiscon- sin, Indiana, Missouri, Iowa, New York, Pennsylvania, Maine and Kansas. It secured the legislation that provides government aid to the desti- tute army nurses, and that established industrial training for girls at the Ohio Orphans' Home. It has secured a united movement for patriotic teach- ing and a flag on every school house. It has assisted materi- ally in providing flags for graves in cemeteries in the South. There are 3,223 corps. Every State in the Union, except one, has within its borders one or more Woman's Relief Corps. Every territory and the Dis- trict of Columbia also has its organization. Montreal has its corps attached to the Depart- ment of Vermont, and Alaska attached to Washington. The seeds have been sowed broadcast and the harvest is yielding bountifully. Steps have been taken looking to the organization in Honolulu and Mexico and the prospect is indeed flattering. Membership does not entitle one to benefits. Our organization is essentially a charitable one, and the only funds allowed are the general and relief funds, the latter to be held sacred to aid the FI.O JAMISON MILLER. 39 Union Veterans and his dependent ones. The officers for the year of '98 and '99 are: National President, Flo Jamison Miller, Monticello, 111. National Senior Vice-President, Mary C. Wentzel, Cincinnati, Ohio. National Junior Vice-President, Ellen F. Daniels, Charleston, West Va. National Secretary, Mattie Jamison Tippett, Monticello, III. National Treasurer, Isabelle T. Bagley, Zanesville, Ohio. National Chaplain, Mary A. Lull, Millford, N. H. National Inspector, Mary G. Deane, Fall River, Mass. National Counsellor, Emma R. Wallace, Chicago, 111. ^ National Instituting and Installing Officer, Charlotte J. Cum- ings, Tidioute, Pa. National Patriotic Instructor, Mary E. Hartwell, Los Angeles, Cal. Woman's Relief Corps, Department of Pennsylvania. The Department of Pennsylvania's Woman's Relief Corps has nobly taken its place in the foremost ranks of faithful workers for the veterans of 1861 to 1865. Numbering four thousand and ten members (4,010), they have done and are doing a grand relief work. During those heartrending days of the Johnstown flood, our department president was early on the scene of the disaster, and she rendered most efficient and valuable service. She received and disbursed to the Johnstown flood sufferers a total of two thousand six hundred and forty-three dollars and fifty-five cents ($2,643.55). Of this amount the Corps of Pennsylvania contributed six hundred dollars ($600), beside the countless boxes and barrels of clothing and supplies forwarded, helping at the same time most liberally those suffering from a like disaster at Lock Haven, Pa. It was dur- ing this year that the founding and organization of the Woman's Relief Corps, Pennsylvania Memorial Home, was perfected, although the dedication and formal opening of the institution did not occur until January, 1890. Although Homes have been provided by the Government and the States for the veterans and their orphans, no Home had been 40 provided for the wife and mother; for the widows of deceased veterans, nor for the wives and children of the indigent, nor the permanently disabled veteran with his wife and children. It had for a long time been patent to all careful thinkers that some pro- \ision must be made in the near future looking forward to the care and maintenance of the indigent veteran and wife, the widows of veterans and army nurses. There was scarcely a week passed with- out bringing to the officers in charge some appeal for help and assis- tance from some of the above mentioned classes. The Woman's Relief Corps recognizing this necessity, at the Department Con- vention held in Erie, February, 1889, presented a resolution looking forward to the establishment of a Home. The resolution was unan- imously endorsed by the convention, the delegates one and all pledging themselves to work, as never before, until the project was carried to a successful issue. The result was the establishment of the '.'Pennsylvania Memorial Home," the first of its kind in the world, where the veteran and his wife can spend together the few remaining years of their lives. The Home is located at Brookville, Jefferson County, Pa. It was formerly known as "Longview, " a summer resort, it was purchased with all its belongings and appur- tenances for the sum of $30,000, of which amount all except twenty- three hundred dollars ($2,300) has been paid. Of this amount fourteen hundred dollars was pledsjied at the last Department Con- vention, held at Wilkesbarre, Pa., in June, 1899. The building is of brick, 70 by 104 feet. One-half is three stories and the other half is two stories in height. It stands on a plot containing four acres of ground and is surrounded by beautiful trees and shrubbery. " The liouse is well furnished throughout. Many of the rooms have been refitted by different corps in the Department. There are in all, beside the kitchens, dining-room, parlors, school-room, office and living rooms, fifty sleeping rooms in the building. During the nine years of its existence there has been an average of fifty inmates maintained there largely by voluntary contributions from the corps in the Department and a moderate appropriation from the Common- wealth. In connection with the Home there is a good school, con- ducted by a thoroughly competent teacher. The management of the Home is in the hands of a board of ele\'en directors ; nine of these are elected annually at the associ- ation meeting held at the same time and place as the W. R. C. 41 Department Comention. The other two members are the Depart- ment Commander, G. A. R. and the Department President W. R. C. these acting as ex-officio members of the board. The Department has expended for relief since its organization $96,000. Ladies of the Grand Ar.m> of the Republic. This organization is l and, in those dark days of its peril, she was found at the front from 1861 to 1865, battling with disease and wounds to save the lives of those who were fighting to preserve us as a nation; on the march, on the field, in camp and hospital, wherever her services were needed, and no eulogy is needed here for her unselfish heroism, for it is written on the hearts of her comrades of the Grand Army. After the war closed and the nurses were mustered out of ser- vice, they scattered to their homes in every part of the country, and little was heard of them until that noble woman, who has since gone to her reward, Dorothy L. Dix, who had organized them for work during the war, called upon them to assemble at the city of Washington in 1881. An association was then formed as the "Ex- Army Nurse Association," of which Miss Dix was elected president, a position she filled until her death, in 1887, when Dr. Susan B. Edson, first vice-president, was chosen to till her place. Dr. Edson 4-esigned soon after, and Miss Harriet P. Dame was called to the place, in 1888 the Nurses' Association met with the National G. A. R. Encampment at Columbus, Ohio, where their association 48 adopted a constitution and by-laws, and re-elected Miss Harriet P. Dame, president. The name of the association was changed to the National Association of Army Nurses, About twenty were in attendance at Columbus, but the interest in the organization waned, and for several years nothing was done and no meetings held until Mrs. Emily E. Woodley, of Philadelphia, called the nurses together at Louisville, Ky., in 1895, and reorganized the association. Mrs. Woodley was elected president, a position she was called to fill for three years, and during her administration the organization has been firmly established. It meets each year with the Grand Army, and at Buffalo and Cincinnati has been royally entertained as the honored guests of those cities. The constitution requires that all members must have served either in camp, field or hospital, during the war, and the object is to promote a spirit of fraternity by meeting together, and to aid the needy ones, procure employment and assist in caring for the infirm and destitute. At Cincinnati the words "of the Civil War" were added to the name of the association to distinguish its members from the nurses of the late war. During the last four years the organization has been very prosperous, there being a good attend- ance at each meeting, and at the coming encampment a larger number than ever before have signified their intention to be present to greet once more their "boys" of the sixties. Among these will be Mrs. Elmina Spencer, of Oswego, N. Y., who is now in her eightieth year, and whose courage and patriotism was such during the war that the State of New York has selected her as a type of grand, heroic womanhood, whose bust, carved in marble, will adorn the grand staircase of the new Capitol, at Albany, and she is only one of many. While the National Association meets but once a year, some of the States have State, organizations, notably among which is the Army Nurse Association of Massachusetts, which has fifty-ti\-e members. It was chartered in 1896, and since that time has raised $5,000 to aid in its work of caring for its needy members, caring for them in sickness, paying funeral expenses, etc. Mrs. Faniiic' T. Hazen, of Cambridge, is president, And Mrs. Margaret Haiiiikon, of Wakefield, secretary of the Massachusetts Association. The present dftlcers of the association are: President, Elizabeth 49 Windle Ewing, PlKeniwillc-, Pa. ; senior \ice-president, Elizabeth Chapman, East St. Louis, 111. ; junior vice-president, Delia A. Fay, Upper Jay, N. Y. ; secretary, Kate M. Scott, Brookville, Pa, ; chap- lain, Jeannette Maxwell Morrill, Lawton, Mich. ; treasurer, Lydia L. Whiteman, Philadelphia, Pa. ; corresponding! secretary, Rebecca L. Price, Philadelphia, Pa. ; press correspondent, Susanna Krips, Philadelphia, Pa. ; guard, Julia McGill, Philadelphia, Pa. ; counselor, Emily E. Woodley, Philadelphia, Pa. ; financial secretary, Mary Ashton, Philadelphia, Pa. ; installing officer, Fannie Hazen, Cam- bridge, Mass. General Co.mahttee for the Thirty-third National Encamp- ment AND Reunion of the Grand ar.wy OF THE Republic. GENERAL LOUIS WAGNER. General Louis Wagner, chairman of the General Committee, was born in Giessen, Germany, August 4, 1838. His parents settled in Philadelphia in 1849. In July, 1861, he commenced to recruit for the three years service, and was commissioned First Lieutenant, Company D, Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, serving under Pope in Virginia, and later with the Army of the Potomac. Was promoted Captain, and at the second battle of Bull Run was badly wounded and left on the field, being paroled some davs later and sent into our lines on account of his disabled condi- tion. He was reported in the newspapers as killed in that engage- ment. He afterward returned to the regiment as Lieutenant- Colonel, and commanded it on the famous "Mud March," and at Chancellorsville. He was too badly disabled, however, to continue in field service, and was assigned to command Camp William Penn, Philadelphia, for the organization of colored troops, where he did most effective service in training and sending to tlie front over thir- teen thousand colored soldiers. Mustered out as Colonel Eighty- eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, July 8, 1865. Brewtted Brigadier- General, to date March, 1865. After the war he became identified with the "Boys in Blue," in the city of Philadelphia, and took an active interest in public affairs. He served as president in Common Council from October, 4 GENERAL I.OUIS WACNER. 51 i869, until Janueiry, 1871, and again in 1872. While in Councils he led in the reform movements which placed the affairs of the city on a proper business footing. He was elected Recorder of Deeds in 1878, for three years, and in 1888 was appointed by Mayor Fitler as Director of the Depart- ment of Public Works for four years. He is now chairman of the Board of Commissioriers of the Sinking Fund of Philadelphia, which has charge of the investments for, and payment of, the funded debt of the city of Philadelphia. He has been treasurer of the Soldiers and Sailors Home of Pennsylvania since its organization ; is president of the Masonic Home, and for the past ten years pres- ident of the German Society of Pennsylvania. He served as Most Worthy Patriarch of the Sons of Temperance, of which Order he has been a member since 1862. Since 1875 he has been a member of the Board of Directors of City Trusts, which has under its care all the charitable bequests to the city of Philadelphia, the most important of them being the Girard College and the Wills Eye Hospital. He has been vice- president and is now president of the board. He is president of the Third National Bank of Philadelphia and a director of the United Firemen's hisurance Company and of the City Trust, Surety and Safe Deposit Company. Whilst General Wagner has held so many offices of a public character, it is proper to say that the only offices he has held with pay attached were those of Recorder of Deeds and Director of the Department of Public Works. In Grand Army work General Wagner has been recognized from the first as a leader. He became a charter member of Post 2, October, 1866; a charter member and the first commander of Ellis Post, No. 6, at Germantown, November 13, 1866. Was appointed by General Hurlburt as Provisional Commander for Pennsylvania, November 22, 1866, and he was elected as the first Department Commander of Pennsylvania, January 16, 1867. During the year 1867 he organized loi Posts in this State. He was elected by the National Encampment in 1870 as Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief in 1871 and again in 1872, and Commander-in-Chief, at Dayton, Ohio, June 8, li COLONEL roi?i:rt h. kf.ath. 53 COLONEL ROBERT B. BEATH. Colonel Robert B. Beath, secretary of the General Committee, was born in Pliiladelphia, January 26, 1839. He enlisted on the first call for troops in the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, and was discharged as Sergeant at the end of the three months' term. Re-enlisted September 5, 1861, as Sergeant, Company D, Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers ; promoted First Sergeant and Second Lieutenant. Was slightly wounded at second Bull Run, August 30, 1862. Commissioned Captain, Company A, Sixth U. S. Colored Troops, July, 1863, and served with the regiment in the field in the Army of the James until badlv wounded in the charge on New Market Heights, Va., September 29, 1864, which required the amputation of his right leg below the knee. When able to leave the hospital was assigned to duty at Camp William Penn, Philadel- phia, and there remained until able to wear an artificial limb, when, in August, 1865, he returned to his regiment in North Carolina and was assigned to duty in the Freedman's Bureau at Wilmington. Mustered out September 20, 1865. Received commission from the War Department as Lieutenant-Colonel, He was elected Surveyor-General of Pennsylvania in 1871 for three years. Was a charter member of Post No. 2, Philadelphia, October 28, 1866, and charter member and first Commander of Post No. 5, and also the first Junior Vice-Commander of the Department of Pennsyl- vania. In July, 1867, he removed to Pottsville, Pa., and there served two years as Commander of Gowen Post, No. 23. Was four years Assistant Adjutant-General of the Department; Department Commander in 1873; two years inspector-General of the Grand Army of the Republic, under Commander-in-Chief Burnside, and three years Adjutant-General under Commanders-in-Chief Hart- ranft and Wagner. He was elected Commander-in-Chief at Den\er, Julv, 1883. He compiled the first manual for the use of the Grand Army, and later compiled the Grand Army Blue Book, citing the law and precedents on all points raised in regard to the rules and regulations of the Order. In 1881 he was elected as sec- retary of the United Firemen's Insurance Company, Philadelphia, and became its president in 1892, and is now so serving, is vice- president Board of Trustees, Pennsylvania Soldiers and Sailors Home. 54 Colonel Beath attended the special session of the National En- campment held in New York City, October 27, 1869, and he has not missed a single session since that time. COLONEL CHARLES M. BETTS. Colonel Charles M. Betts, treasurer of the General Commit- tee, enlisted as a private in the Fifteenth Pennsylvania (Anderson) Cavalry in August, 1862,- and at the Battle of Antietam, Md., in September, 1862, was acting Quartermaster of the detach- ment of that regiment who par- ticipated in the battle. He was promoted to First Sergeant, and on the reorganization of the regi- ment in Nashville, Tenn., in March, 1863, was commissioned Captain of Company F. He was wounded December 10, 1863, in a fight with the Che- rokee Indians near Gatlinsburg, East Tenn. The following May he was commissioned as Major, and at the opening of the cam- paign of 1865 was made Lieu- tenant-Colonel and given the active command of his regiment, Colonel William J. Palmer hav- ing been promoted to Brevet- Brigadier-General. With the column of Stoneman he partici- pated in the campaigns through the western portion of the Carolinas and with his reginu-nt when looking for the trail of Jefferson Davis, made an important capture of wagons containing :a large amount of money in coin and bank notes, bonds, etc., of various Southern States, and about $4,000,000 of Confederate money, besides considerable specie, plate and other valuables belonging to private citizens in Macon. The wagons also contained COI.ONEIv CHARI.KS M. BETTS. 55 the private baggage, maps and official papers of Generals Beauregard and Pillow. General Palmer recommended Colonel Betts for hon- orable mention, and promotion "for gallant conduct in charging and capturing a South Carolina battalion of cavalry, with its command- ing officer, Lieutenant-Colonel Johnson, in front of Greensboro, on the morning of April ii, 1865; also for thoroughly preserving the discipline of his regiment on an active campaign, during which the troops were compelled to live exclusively on the country." For the action of Greensboro, N. C, he received a Congressional medal of honor. Colonel Betts was mustered out of service with his regi- ment, June 21, 1865, and has since been in the wholesale lumber business. He is a member of the Pennsylvania Commandery Military Order Loyal Legion, and served three years in the council of that body, and one year as Junior Vice-Commander. He takes an active interest in Grand Army matters and is Past Commander of Post 2, Philadelphia. He was one of the incorporators of the Lum- berman's Exchange, Philadelphia, serving as a director in that organization and its president in the year 1890. is ex-president of the Philadelphia Wholesale Lumber Dealers Association, and also of the National Wholesale Lumber Dealers Association. Was elected Commander of the Medal of Honor Legion at the convention held at Philadelphia, April 9, 1895, and served until June 18, 1896, when he was succeeded by Major-General Nelson A. Miles, commanding the Armies of the United States. Has served as president of the Fifteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry Association since its formation in 1872. MURDOCH KENDRICK. Murdoch Kencirick, the solicitor of the General Committee, was born in Philadelphia, October 4, 1873. He was graduated as a Bachelor of Arts in 1893 by the University of Pennsylvania, and was admitted to the bar in Philadelphia in 1896. Mr. Kendrick has always been interested in public affairs and has also devoted considerable time to Masonic matters; was made a Mason by virtue of special dispensation when not quite twenty years of age, was one of the charter members and is a Past Master 56 of University Lodge, No. 6io, a member of Harmony Chapter, Phil- adelphia Commandery, and Philadelphia Consistory A. and A, Scottish Rite. Is at present a member of the Board of Direc- tors of the Athletic Association of the University of Pennsyl- vania, and while in college was president of an inter-collegiate association of Amateur Athletes of America. While in college he won a prize for an original oration on the subject of "The Stage as a Factor in Education." Mr. Kendrick's ancestors on both sides of the family participated in the Revolution, and his grandfather for three years served and attained the rank of captain in the Ci\il War, besides taking an active interest in the formation of the regiments that were enlisted in Philadelphia. Mr. Kendrick is a member of the Union League, Uni- versity Club, Pen and Pencil Club, Powelton Club, Hamilton Club, Mask and Wig Club of the University of Pennsylvania, Lincoln Club and the Young Republicans. MURDOCH KKNDKICK. /■x f///' 57 General Committee Thirty-third National Encampment AND Reunion of the Grand army of the Republic. Headquarters S. IV. Corner Fifth and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia. LOUIS WAGNER, Chairman. ROBERT B. BEATH, Secretary. JOHN LOCKHART, Assistant Secretary. CHARLES M. BETTS. Treasurer. . MURDOCH KENDRICK, Solicitor. JAMES W. NAGLE, Eiuancial Secretary. HON. SAMUEL H. ASHBRIDGE, Mayor, Citv of Pliiladlpliia. ABRAHAM L. ENGLISH, Director, Department of Public Safetv. WILLIAM C. HADDOCK, Director, Department of Public AVoriis. JOINT SPECIAL COMMITTEE OF COUNCILS. George Hawkes, Chairman. ♦Robert R. Brinshurst, J. Emory By ram, ♦Henry Clay, George B. Edwards, SELECT COUNCIL. "Franklin M. Harris, *(jei.>rue W. Joerirer. William McMurien, Joseph L. Nobre. James L. Miles. Harry J. Trainer, Wats(in I>. Upperman, * William S. Vare. Thomas S. Wiltbank, Dr. Wilmer R. Batt, Edward C. Cullen, *John W. Davidson, ♦Samuel B. Gilpiu, COMMON COVNCIl.. ♦George Hawkes, Thomas J. Henry, (jJeorge J. Jewill. Robert S. Leithead. Wencel Hartman. ♦Josiah Lliiriiii. ♦William A. Miller. John T. StanlTer, ♦John H. Wood head. ACCOMMODATIONS. HOTELS. 1'. H. Fratz, Chairman: J. H. Holcomb, Secretary. Nicholas Barger, Charles J. Bigley. Charles D. Brook. James Glenn. John W. Haseltine, Thomas J. Henry, J. W. Irwin, John W. M(<;arv.'y, Harvey Miller, Trubert Ortlieb, Richard Righter, George Sheets. John Weldt-. BOARDING HOrSES. Edward D. Smith, Secretary: James H. Eckersley. Chairman. Joseph T. Beeson, Samuel Crothers. AVilliam Graham, John F. Keator. John McElfresh, Robert Morrison. Edward F. Swift, Thomas Wallace Swan, Watson D. Upperman, James AVelsh. William R. Woofers. CAMP AND FREE QUARTERS. T. H. Maginniss. Chairman: W. S. Moorhead. Secretary. I'osTS IX rniLAKELriUA. Post No. 1.— (\ Irvine Wright, P. C. ; C. M. Beale, C. F. Crane, J. R. Oakford. Ephraim Stevenson. J. K. P. W^ier. ,. Post No. 2.— Fred H. Henrv. P. C: John Farrar. Thomas Morris, A\ illiam S. Moorhead. William N. S'nyder, Joseph B. Magnigaii. Post No. 5— Samuel J. McMillan. P. C. : D. W. Blaii. Kosengarten. Thomas Robb. John Sailer, Thomas D. Stinson ^\intluop Smi h. Edwafd I. Smith. Edwin S. Stuart, Henry L. Townsend. John Wanamakei. Harry F. West, William Wood. HORSES AND CARRIAGES. George W. Kendrick. Jr.. Chairmnn: T-'^nis M. Watrner Secretar.v; H^^^^^ R. Cole, Duckett Harman, J. Harry Hughes. Albert J-,-VinS'^"v«^ffir wnUam Samuel B. McQuilkin, James A. Park, Frank Richards, John T. Stauffer, William F. Stewart, John A. Wiedersheim. 6o INVITATIONS AND COURTESIES. John 1*. Nicholson, Chairman; Governor William A. Stone, Mayor Samuel H. Ashbridge. David McM. Gregg, James A. Beaver, Henry H. Bingham, K. Dale Benson, Joseph G. Darlington, James Forney, John P. Green, Daniel H. Hast- ings, Th(ini;\s S. Harrison, George Hawkes, Theodore Justice, William H. Lam- beTt. Clarke .Merchant, Alex K. McClure, Clayton McMichael, Robert E. Pat- tison. S. W. I'ennypacker, Edson J. AVeeks, Thomas S. Wiltbank. MEDICAL CORPS. The I'hihulelphia Medical Emergency Corps of the Department of Public Safety. Officers— Dr. T. H. Andrews, Medical Director; Dr. Green R. Hulsizer, Com- mander: Dr. W. H. Ziegler, Vice-President; Dr. Lewis C. Wessels, Treasurer. Committee.— Dr. T. H. Andrews, Chairman; Dr. Green R. Hulsizer. Secretarv; Dr. Wilmer R. Batt, Dr. W. R. D. Blackwood. Dr. Charles H. Dwyer, Dr. Charles H. Gardner, Dr. A. M. Hendricks, Dr. E. C. Howard, Dr. William H. Hutt, Dr. William B. Jones. Dr. AV. W. Lamb. MUSIC. O. C. Bosl)yshell, ('hairman; Charles A. Suydam, Secretary; Enoch W. Pear- son. Director of Music. Public Schools; W. C. Besselievre, J. Emory Byram. .\ndrew James, Rev. W. E. Jones, D. D., George T. R. Knorr, James L. Miles. I'harles Rodebaugh. William H. Seele.v, William Schlipf, Charles L. Shumaeher, H. J. Stager, Theodore Schweriner,' Samuel P. Town, Henry F. Walton, R. B. Wallace. NAVY AND MAKINE CORPS. Richard S. Collnm. Chairman; John F. Mackie, Secretary; Josiah R. Adams, Isaac K. Archer. H. H. Bingham, Silas Casey, Charles E. Clark. William P. Clyde, Joel Cook, Edwin S. Cramp, A. F. Donegan, Alexander Duer. Thomas W. Farnan, Samuel B. (Jilpin, Clement A. Griscom, Samuel B. Huey. Ellsworth H. Hults. Frederick V. Holt, F. H. Johnson, Dr. C. W. Karsner, Theodore Kitchen, Daniel F. Kellv. Joseph H. Klemnier. l>r. A. G. Laurent, Clarke Mer- chant, Josejih McClees, Henry McConnell, Jackson McElmell, W. G. McEwen, Henry C. McUvaine, John S. Muckle. James B. Nichiilson, Thomas C. Price. .Michael (,»uigley. Frank Robinson, A\'illiani Siniuions, .\ndrew Smith, C. Wesle.v Thomas. William R. Tucker, W. Redwood AVright, James R. Young. OTHER SOCIETIES. II. Douglas IIuKlies, Chairman : Charles A. Ilexamer. Secretary. (STH-COMMITTEKS.) National Association of Union Ex-Prisoners of War.— David T. Davies, D. F. .\icliols, Thomas Smith. Sons of Veterans.— John P.ower. Jr.. William B. McNulty. William S. Curry. Woman's Relief Corps.— Ed win Walton. (Jeorge P.. Edwards, Levi Oberton. Franklin Fritz. Ladies of the (J. A. R.— Charles M. Keegan, R. M. J. Reed, William Frazer. Associ.-ition of Army Nurses of the Civil War.— Charles A. Hexamer, Frank Stewart, Jr., Louis R. Fortescue. Daughters of Vet<'rans.— James Tawney, J(din Taylor. .Ir.. Willi.-im Tritli;ir. I'ARADE AND UlOXllOW. James W. Latta, Chairuian: .Samuel I'. Town. Secretary; R. Dale Benson. Svlvester Bonnaffon, John F. <'onaway, William ICmslev, S. Irvin Givin. Charles S. (ireene. William C. Loan, John W. Moore. Ilenrv .\. Pauli. Ilarrv M. Oiiirk. Thomas J. Stewart. Thad. L. Vanderslice. 'I'lieo. E. Wiedersheim. Stanlev J. Widdis. National Onard and Citi/ens' Commit teo.-Charli's C. .\llen. W. L. Itoslivsliell. .\lbert II. r.oo/., Fdw.-ird E. Cnllen. Willi;nn .1. I-:ilioll J. C.-impbell Cilnmre. Maleoliii llemy. .lames Iloyt, Thomas S. .Martin. William S. I'onlterer. Dr. I'lKirles S. Tinnlnill. POSTS (IF ca.miii:n. N. J. General Commit I ee.— George l*.;irrelt. Chairm.-in; .bdin Cherry. Viee-Cli;nrman : H. L. llarlshorne. Treasurer: .lolin I",. I'aiicn. Seur F. Rose. W. .1. Sfwi-ll, Fitliiaii S. Sim is. Post No. 5.— George K. Martin. Cliairiiiaii : (iforirc Itarrctt. .loliii W. IJodiiic. Hen.ianiiii Carlin. W. H. Cooper, .John (U'oniie. .1. C. Ciinard. Joseph U. Fox, Israel L. Fish. H. L. Hartshorue, R. M. IliHiiian, Thomas Ilollownv, I). W. Sapphore. Artliur Stanle.v. Rohert Sheppanl. I. ('. Tooiie. William' Tlnimp- soii. Silas W. Vdlk. .John A. Ward, S. S. Weaver. I'ost No. :!T.— .Idlui K. Fagen, Chairuian: J. M. Adams. John ("herrv. O. K. Col- lins. James I). Chester. L. T. Iterrousse. A. R. Dense. tJeorire F. Hammond, Charles Hewitt. Isaac 1>. Matlaek, George Mael'herson. F. .Movers. John Owens, J. L. I'rickett, R. J. Robertson. C. E. Thompson. Charles F. Wallen. Joseph Woodfield, Foster Zane. I'ost No. 51.— Pierce Brown. Commander; John Franks. Rev. A. H. Newton. James Robinson. Josejili Scott. Post No. 1(»2.— Edwin T. Allen. Chairuian: Thomas Entrikin, Geoi-ge Ettev. (niarles Fetters. Charles Hojie. Gottleib Hicht. W. H. Jones. William H. Marshall, Peter MrArdel. W. J. Orem, Benjamin I'ntn.im. H. K. Sedding.T. PRESS. James W. Nagle, Chairman; Frank H. Ta.vlor. Secretar.v; A. C. P-.-ncla v. <"harles Heber Clark, John F. Fiune.v, Josiah Linton, Josfi)li Murwitz. Ileni'v I'eunington. Samuel M. Wauamaker, Bruno Wahl. PRINTING. ('.J. Hexamer, Chairman; J. Hampton Moore. Seiretary. Victor Augerer, Thomas Chauiberlin, Charles H. Clarke. Josepli R. Craig. A. H. Fetterolf. F. Haltermau, Franklin Hall. Robert S. Eeithead. Arno Leou- hardt, Mariou D. Learned. M. Richards Muckle, William H. Staake. PUBLIC COMFORT. TRANSPORTATION. John M. Walton, Chairman; William H. Winter, Secretary: P.. Ashby. Jai-ob E. P.arr. C. (J. Cadwallader. Charles Este. James G.illanher. William L. James. W. S. Kimball. W. H. McCormick, W. R. Xidndson, G. S. Xoble. James Potter. J. K. Shoemaker, Henry Tatnall, John H. Woodhead. U. S. COLORED TROOl'S. Samuel Jones. Chairman: William H. Jones. Secretary: Stei)hen B. Adams. Treasurer: Edward F. Harris, Assistant Secretary: Andrew James. .Vssist.int Secretarv; Raniels. Philip H. Edwards. John W. Elsev. William Fr.-izier. John A. Fjiucett, Ri<-hard Freeman, Isaac Frav, George Garnet. Walter P. Hall. Abr.-im F. Haines. Dr. E. C. Howard. W. li. Johnson. Jere W. J(dmsoti. John P. Junior. Samuel John- son. Joshua D. Kellev. Mit(diell Logan. William D. Laws, (ieorge Lee. William ii smith. John' J. Turner, William Vann, George H. Wilson. Abram F. \\allacc. RE(nSTRATION. Harry L. Neall, Chairman: Clarence Y. Nicholson, Secretary: John W. D.ivid- s(ui, Sylvester H. Martin, Edwin Walton. PHILADELPHIA IN THE WAR FOR THE UNION. By John M. Vanderslice. In 1861 when Fort Sumter was fired upon Phila- delphia had a population of less than 500,000. Under the first call of President Lincoln for volunteers for three months' service, the following eight regiments were immediately recruited in tlie city and mustered into service, the 17th, i8th, iQth, 20th, 2ist, 22d, 23d and 24th, and McMullen's Rangers. Under the call for regiments for three years' service the following were organized in the city: JOHN M. VANDKRSLICe. Infantry. 23d Pennsylvania (Birney's Zouaves), served in Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 26th, served in Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. 27th, served in Eleventh Corps, Army of the Potomac. 28th (six companies), served in Twelfth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 29th, served in Twelfth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 2d Pennsylvania Reserves, served in Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 3d Pennsylvania Reserves (two companies), served in Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 4th Pennsylvania Reserves (five companies), served in Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac, 7th Pennsylvania Reserves (three companies), served in Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 12th Pennsylvania Reserves (one company), served in Fiftii Corps, Army of the Potomac, 58th (six companies), served in Eighteenth Corps, Army of James. 6ist (three companies), served in Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 67th (two companies), served in Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 63 64 68th, served in Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. 69th, served in Second Corps, Army of the Potomac. 71st, served in Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, 72d (Baxter's Zouaves), served in Second Corps, Army of the Potomac. 73d, served in Eleventh Corps, Army of the Potomac, 75th served in Eleventh Corps, Army of the Potomac, 8ist (six companies), served in Second Corps, Army of the Potomac. 82d, served in Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 88th, served in First Corps, Army of the Potomac. 90th, served in First Corps, Army of the Potomac. 91st, served in Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 95th (Gosline's Zouaves), served in Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac. *»■. 98th, served in Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 99th, served in Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. io6th, served in Second Corps, Army of the Potomac. 109th, served in T \v e 1 f t h Corps, Army of the Potomac. I loth (four c m p a n i e s) , served in Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. 114th (Collis' Zouaves), served in Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. 115th, served in Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. ii6th, served in Second Corps, Army of the Potomac. ii8th (Corn Exchange), served in Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 119th, served in Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac. I2ist, served in First Corps, Army of the Potomac. GEN. GEORGE B. M'CI.RIXAN. 65 i47th (four companies), served in Twelfth Corps, Army of the Potomac. i50tli (four companies), served in First Corps, Army of the Potomac. 157th (four companies), served in Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac. 183d, served in Second Corps, Army of the Potomac. i88th, served in Eighteenth Corps, Army of the Potomac. Cavalry. 2d (seven companies), served in Cavah'y Corps, Army of the Potomac. 3d (seven companies), served in Cavah'y Corps, Army of the Potomac. 5tli, served in Army of tlie James. 6th (Rush's Lancers), served in Cavah'y Corps, Arm\- of the Potomac. 8th, served in C a v a 1 r \- Corps, Army of tiie Potomac. 1 3th (eight companies), served in Cavah'y Corps, Army of the Potomac. 14th, (Company A), served in Cavalry, West Virginia. 15th, served in Cavalr\-, Army of the Cumberland. 19th, served in Cavalry, Army of the Mississippi. 20th, served in Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac. ART1LLER^•. Batteries C (McCarthy's), D (Flood's), G (Kern's), and H (Bradys'), First Pennsylvania Artillery, and Scheffer's Indepen- dent Battery. The above commands, constituting thirty-four full regiments of 5 GKN. GKORGH; G. MKAUli. 66 Infantry, eight regiments of Cavalry and five batteries of Artillery, with four exceptions, served in the Army of the Potomac, and all of those whose term of service expired before the close of the war, except four, re-enlisted in the field for the war. In addition to these veteran regiments the following were recruited in the city for one year's service : 198th, 199th, 202d, 213th, 214th, 215th, and Keystone Battery, and the following for one hundred days : the I92d, 196th, 197th. In Other Than Pennsylvania Commands. AN AKMV HOSPITAL. avy, of whom there is no separate record. Company C, First New York C a V a 1 r y — Two companies, 40th New York (Moz- art), several com- panies of the Sec- ond Delaware, greater part of the 54th Massachusetts (colored), and of the 3d, 6th, 8th, 24th, 25th and 32d United States Col- ored Regiments and thousands in the regular arm\" and Emergency Troops. Besides tiie above there were organized in the city during the Antietam Campaign and invasion of Maryland, 1862, the 7th, 8th, 9th, 20th, and 2 1st National Guard Regiments, and during the Gettysburg Campaign, 1863, the 20th, 32d, 33d, 40th, 44th, 49th, 52d, 57th, 59th and 60th Emergency Regiments, First Cit\' and Dana Troops of Cavalry, Miller's and Landis' Batteries. ■67 General Officers. The following general officers were from this city : General McClellan, organizer and commander of the Army of the Potomac, 1861-62 ; General Meade, commander of the Army of the Potomac from Gettysburg to Appomattox, 1863-65 ; Admiral Porter, Major- General Humphreys, Chief of Staff, and afterwards commander of the Second Corps ; Birney of the Third Corps, and afterwards com- mander of the Tenth ; Gibbon of the Second, and afterwards com- mander of the Twenty-fourth ; Patterson and Cadwalader, and Brigadier-Generals Bohlen, Bushbeck, Meredith, Neill, Owen, Porter, Wister, Haupt, Tyndale and Patterson. From the neighboring county of Montgomery came Hancock, com- mander of the Second Corps ; Hartranft, Zook and Brooke. From Chester, Parke, commander of the Ninth ; McCall and Penny- packer. From Bucks, A. J. Smith, commander of the Sixteenth Corps, and Davis. From Lancaster, Reynolds, commander of the First, and Heintzleman of the Third, and from Berks, D. McM. Gregg, the cavalry leader. Caring for the Soldier. The Cooper Shop and Union \'olunteer Refreshment Saloons and Volunteer Hospital were the first institutions of the kind estab- lished, and in them, all regiments passing through the city as well as individual soldiers, in all numbering hundreds of thousands, were entertained and carefully provided for without charge, a large com- mittee of patriotic ladies and gentlemen being on duty all night, as well as in the day. They were faithfully aided by the Volunteer Fire- men's Ambulance Corps, each of the companies of which kept ready for service at all times a costly and comfortable ambulance, manned by men who believed it impossible to do too much for the soldier. FAIRMOUNT WATER WOKKS. PHILADELPHIA— PAST AND PRESENT. The birth of Philadelphia is generally considered to have been coincident with the arrival of the great Quaker proprietor, Will- iam Penn, who first sailed up the Delaware River in the year 1682, although for more than half a century prior to this time the Swedes had been settled along the stream, and had maintained a settlement within the present confines of the city, at Wicaco, from the year 1677. Through the broad-minded direction of Penn, the city was surveyed by Thomas Holme, under the immediate supervision of William Markham. Provision was made at intervals for public squares, and thus the old city was built upon the severely rectangular plan which is one of its leading character- istics. Beyond the limits of the original survey numerous country roads led away at various angles to the general plan, and these have long since been absorbed into the great system of city high- ways which now cover a space, mostly well populated, of one hundred and twenty-nine square miles. While many other of the early settlements along the Atlantic seaboard have languished and failed, Philadelphia has developed steadily from the beginning. Behind her, covering forty-five thou- sand square miles, is the great State of Pennsylvania, the richest commonwealth in the Union, for whose vast and varied products of the field, forest and mine this city is the natural outlet. With a broad channel connecting her roomy harbor with the open sea she has always been a large factor in the commerce of the nation, both domestic and foreign, and in this particular will soon increase the ratio of her importance greatly. it is, however, principally as the centre of enormous manufac- turing interests that Philadelphia has grown to such vast proportions, and to the creative industries by far the greater portion of her busy 71 72 army of wage earners owe their remarkable prosperity and contentment. Nowhere else in the world can the toiler obtain more constant employment or surround his family with as much security and com- fort with the fruits of his labor as in this city. In no great commu- nity elsewhere are the conditions of life among the middle classes so favorable to the enjoyment of life or the best development of good, honest American character. The population of Philadelphia, which was, sixty years ago, some two hundred and flft\' thousand, now exceeds one million two hundred thous- and. These cit- izens reside principally in separate a n d distinct homes, of which there are more than two hundred thousand. While the rental system is extensive and advantage- ous, the occu- pants of the houses are largely owners. This desirable condition amounts here to almost the condition of a mania. Homes are largely paid for through the well-known system of building associations, of which there are some six hundred in the city. Within recent years the development of a great network of electric railway lines, extending far into the open country in all directions, has fostered the growth of beautiful new resident sec- tions within easy and cheap reach of the city's centre. Along with the completion of modern local passenger service has come the very general repaving of the streets, chiefly with asphalt, and nowhere are the vast legions of cyclists and dri\ers more favored with good WASHINGTON MONUMENT. GREEN STREET ENTRANCE, FAIRMOUNT PARK. 73 surfaces than here. Broad street, extending from north to south through the centre of the city, is the longest paved street in the world. The impress of Quaker simplicity will always be seen in the earlier architecture of the city, but the old red and white fronts, glaring in the sunlight, are now largely relieved by more ornate and tasteful designs in not only home buildings, but in a great number of splendid public, corporate, educational, office and other modern structures which now grace our streets. It is current fiction, fondly cherished in scores of less prosperous or well ordered cities, that Philadelphia is "slow." In this matter, which largely arises from a certain con- servatism born of a sense of her own great- ness, Philadel- phia is often gibed by the newspapers of towns, all over the western country, which exist by virtue of Philadelphia investment and could only keep their places upon the map through grace of continued Philadelphia help. Recent statistics have shown that this city produces about one- twelfth of all the manufactured goods made in this country. Here are located the great ship-building plants which send forth upon the seas not only the largest of the ships of trade but many of the invincible vessels of our wonderful navy, and to which Russia, Japan and other distant countries are turning for their ships of war. Here are made the locomotives for railways all over the world, not excepting England, and to this city even the British in Egypt turn now for iron bridges. LINCOLN MONUMENT. FAIRMOUNT PARK. 74 The costly improvements along the Delaware River water-front now in progress will, with the large dredging operations down the river, soon place this port among the foremost upon this coast. The relative conditions of comfort and health in this city are best illustrated by the fact that although the average number of members in families is greater here than in any other large city, and three per cent greater than the average of the entire country, the mortality rate is the lowest known in the statistics of the great cities of the world; this fact also implying that more people live to an advanced age here than elsewhere. The savings of the wage-earners are de- posited in several great savings funds, one of which has in trust more than fifty millions of dollars. Philadelphia's City Hall is the largest and costliest building upon the continent, and its lofty tower is the high- est structure of the kind in the world. The terminal sta- tions of the great rail- road systems centering here are placed in the heart of the 'city within a brief walk of the best hotels. They are vast in proportions and beautiful in design. Nearly one thousand regular passenger trains come and go at these busy termini and other stations every day in the year. The system of retail shopping has been developed here by several great firms beyond that found even in the cities of New York or Chicago. MEADK MONUMENT. WEST FAIRMOUNT PARK. 75 <«• ..» m tU .'"'55=" rii'i ft AKT CLUB. New homes are built for fifty thousand added people every year. We lead in the study of medicine, dentistry and the applied arts. As the Grand Army of the Republic turns homeward at the conclusion of its great Encampment of the year 1899, an inter- national Exposition opens its portals as the embodied expression of a purpose more far reaching and full of promise than that of any similar event of modern times. Philadelphia has created, under the title of the Commercial Mu- seums, a complete University of World Trade, a place where the manufacturer may study the whole range of the raw materials and the domestic goods of every land, where he may command every detail of information which will enable him to open business relations with the merchants of every port and city to the ends of the earth. The National Association of Manufacturers was born here and has its principal office in the Bourse, which, by the way, is the most extensive build- ing devoted to traffic in this country. In this noble building too are the many trade exchanges and notably the influential Trades League, an organization of above two thousand firms, whose pur- pose is the extension of commercial interests of the city, and which is the principal agent in arranging for and entertaining the numerous Merchants' Excursions which come here annually from many of the states. . Two double-tracked railroads extend across New Jersey to the seashore and carry the people of Philadelphia in one brief comfortable hour away from the swelter of town down to the modern city of Atlantic, the most populous and inter- esting pleasure resort in the world. Atlantic City, with its hundreds of hotels and its famous board-walk, is really but a suburb of Philadelphia, and is undoubtedly the most cosmopolitan place in America. Other interesting excursions may be made to Cape May, to S^'IKtl-- DREXEL INSTITUTE. 76 I'ast IjV burt-au li many pleasant spots up or down the Delaware River, or by electric cars to Willow Grove Park, Woodside and similar charming refuges from the summer heat. Fairmount Park, where the great Centennial Exposition arose a generation since, is the queen of all public domains both in extent and natural beauty. It contains the splendid museum of Memorial Hall, the picturesque Horticul- tural Building and a wealth of historic colonial structures, and through the efforts of the Fairmount Park Art Asso- ciation a rich array of patriotic and historic bronzes, to which the most recent additions are the Washington monument, erected by the Society of the Cincinnati in 1897, and the equestrian statue of General Grant, unveiled in April of the present year. Close by the Park is the interesting Zoological Garden, with its costly collection of li\- ing animals, and at its furthest extreme the peerless drive and stream of the Wissahickon. Philadelphia does not throw into the scale of inducement to the stranger within her gates those lurid attractions which appeal to the grosser passions, but extends to him, when he comes here, that welcome which has won for her the honorable title of the "City of Brotherly Love." Such a city, indeed, as William Penn, standing beneath the historic elm of Kensington, saw with the eye of the prophet and made provision for in all his plans. Alwa\-s above and beyond everything else, the heart of the American soldier turns toward Philadelphia lovingly, as the typical, GRANT MONUMENT. EAST KAIU MOUNT PARK 17 jTjsfnirfr GIKARD AND BKTZ liUILDlNGS. patriotic city of our land. Other communities have responded nobly and loyally to the call to arms, but only in Philadelphia was there a "Cooper Shop" and a Sanitary Fair. When the troops of the North poured incessantly southward, in the years of the Nation's peril through the city, impetuously hurrying to the front from a thous- .; and starting points, the men and women of Philadelphia, our most exclusive and refined, met them with abundant food and every pos- sible provision of comfort in the few hours of their stay and cheered them as they sped away to the camp and battle-field, and here, at the same old Cooper Shop Volunteer Refreshment Building, those same men and women, spent and worn with labor, ministered to the shat- tered regiments which came back. Our fire- men vied in the splendid ambulance service which connected with the great hospitals where the physicians and the volunteer nurses worked day and night to minister to the sick and wounded of our armies. in 1864 the beautiful Logan Square was enclosed, trees and all, under a great group of structures by the United States Sanitary Commission, which had its origin in this city, and in two weeks more than one million of dollars was \ gained for the relief of the soldiers in camp. Philadelphia holds the Cradle of American Liberty. Quaint old Inde- - pendence Hall, now restored to its original condition, and the abiding place of the sacred bell, in one wing of this group of buildings is located the Departmental Headquarters of the Grand Army of the Republic, and adjoining is the headquarters of the Executive and General Committees of the Thirty-third Annual Encampment of the Order. From Philadelphia, in every war of the land, young men have POST OFFICE. 78 gone forth unknown and have written their names through countless deeds of valor upon the enduring tablet of our National history. In every populous cemetery of the city gleam the white shafts above sleeping heroes, conquerors by land and sea alike; and here, too, in humble, but not forgotten, graves are hundreds of those who carried only the musket, did their _^ duty, and gave up their lives that the nation might be saved. For all these reasons it is a happy circumstance that the Grand Army of the Republic, in its hale old age, after a third of a cen- tury has intervened since the events occurred which gave it being, should as- semble in Philadelphia, and, under the inspiration of its hospitality, the guidance of its great local comradeship and the inspiration of its traditions, once more pledge its fealty to the flag, which was fashioned m the little Arch street house, still existing, by a Philadelphia matron, and which has never been lowered \n KKVNOI.DS MONUMENT. NORTH env hali, plaza. ueTeat. The Cit\' Hall. The great central feature of the city is its City Hall, or Public Buildings. During the encampment week this structure will be decorated and illuminated in a most impressive and elaborate manner. The work' updii this building was commenced in 1871, and although the work is not yet completed the cost has been in excess of $20,000,000. 79 The length of the north and south fronts is 470 feet, anJ that of the east and west fronts is 486;2 feet The material principally used for both the building and enormous tower is white marble from quarries at Lee, Berkshire County, Mass. The interior windows of m'clelIvAn monument. NORTH CITY HALL PLAZA. its six floors of busy public offices look out upon a court>'ard 200 feet square, the favorite "short-cut" of many busy thousands ewry day. A full division of infantry troops might be comfortably massed within this enclosure. So MASUXIC TEMI'LE. Four grand archways, i8 feet wide and 36 feet high, richly embellished with polished columns and beautiful sculpture, are the sluiceways for the ceaseless human tide that surges through this splendid plaza. Who shall foretell what noble, impressive, per- chance tragic, scenes this Place de la Hotel de Ville of the Quaker City shall witness in the centuries yet to come; when those masters, who designed and built the surrounding walls, are remembered only by the occasional antiquarian who gropes in the cor- ridors below and chances upon the tablet of the corner-stone; when the conditions of life in these latter days of the great century of pro- gress, as they are outlined upon these pages, will be to the citizen and stranger but a tradi- tion, and those things of which we boast but the feeble efforts of a young and inexperienced people. Philadelphia of to-day is quite willing that this majestic building, and especially its tower, shall stand before the people of generations yet to come as the symbol of civilization and taste obtaining among us at the end of the present century. The tower is the great peculiar feature of the entire structure, and no person who has once enjoyed the far- reaching and impressive bird's-eye view of this busy aggregation of humanity will regret the millions it has cost to rear this purely ornamental shaft The tower is 90 feet square at the base, and its walls are 23 feet thick. The entire height of the work to the broad-rimmed hat upon the head of William Penn i.s 547 feet and a fraction, an elevation greater, it is said, than any steeple or structure in the world built in connec- tion with an edifice, it exceeds that of the Great Pyramid 67 feet; St. Peter's Church, Rome, 99 feet ; the Cologne Cathedral, 37 feet. It is nearly twice the height of the dome of the National Capitol. The Washington Monument exceeds its altitude by 8 feet only. A great clock, the dial plates of which mi:kcanti1.i: cun 8i have a diameter of 23 feet, adorns the tower at an elevation which makes it visible from ah parts of the city, the centre dial being 361 feet above the sidewalk. The metallic columns and dome, of which the upper section consists, are plated with aluminum. The magnificent bronze figure of William Penn, the work of Philadelphia mechanics, is 37 feet high and weighs 52,400 pounds. It was cast in forty-seven pieces, and so skilfully joined that the most careful inspection fails to detect the junctures. Public r elevators are operated, connecting with all floors, and another rises to the top of the great tower, being operated every week-day. The remarkable hanging stair-ways at the four angles of the building are worthy of special notice by the visitor. Guides are always in attendance at the City Hall to show visitors through its apartments. For this service there is no change. Independence Hall. TJie Cradle of Liberty. Independence Hall, the Mecca of American freemen, was built by the Colonial Assembly in the years 1732 to 1741. Though it was occupied in 1735, it was not considered completed till 1741, and even then neither tower nor steeple crowned it. Here it was that the Declaration of Independence was consid- ered and adopted, and from its portals it was proclaimed, and it is worth remembrance that a Tory lady wrote in her diary: "The Declaration was read to-day. Very few respectable persons were present." At this spot Washington read his farewell address to the American people. Here the Articles of Confederation were adopted, and the Constitution of the United States was framed. Within the past year the restoration of Independence Hall, which has been in progress for a considerable time, was completed, and it presents to the visitor the exact condition in which it stood at the period of the Revolutionary War. In addition to the Hall of Con- gress and the Supreme Court Room upon the first floor a very inter- esting Colonial Museum is to be seen in the second story. This is the permanent home of the historic Liberty Bell. This priceless relic has been taken from the city on several occasions, notably to the Columbian Exposition, Chicago, Atlanta Exposition and to New Orleans. 6 83 The Wings of Liberty. The buildings flanking independence Hall proper, located respectively at the corners of Sixth and Chestnut (Congress Hall) and Fifth and Chestnut streets (Common Hall), are scarcely less interesting than the immediate "Cradle of Liberty." Congress met in Congress Hall from 1790 to 1800 and there the Constitution was put in running order. The second in.uiguration of Washington was held in the same building March 4, 1793. John Adams was inaugurated second President in Congress Hall, March 4, 1797, and there he presided over the Senate. The official announcement of Washington's death was made to both Houses of Congress in the same place. in Common Hall, at Fifth and Chestnut streets, the Supreme Court of the United States sat from February, 1791, to August 5, 1800. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania also met there. The Mayor's office from the Revolutionary times until the administration of Edwin H. Fitler was in Common Hall. Councils met in the same building in pre-consolidation days. The Departmental Headquarters of the G. A. R. are located in the old Supreme Court Rooms at Fifth and Chestnut streets and the important work of the Executive and other committees in connection with the present encampment has been carried through upon the first floor. Adjoining this building is the venerable structure largely occu- pied by the Philosophical Society, which was founde'd by Benjamin Franklin in 1727. Upon the roll of membership, from the earliest day to the present time, may be found some of the greatest men in our country's history, all banded together for the promotion of use- ful knowledge. The present building was commenced in 1785, but was not entirely finished until the year 1791. It is an interesting fact that the building contained the University of Pennsylvania for five years, from 1789 to 1794. Many interesting memories cluster around this old colonial structure, memories of Franklin, Washing- ton, Jefl'erson, Rittenhouse, Bishop White, Rev. Nicholas Colin, and many others who are closely identified with our eaHy history and scientific development. It may be an interesting item to vis- 84 itors that during the last five years of the eighteenth century the second story northwest room served Charles W. Peale as a studio, and in that room, before the old fireplace still to be seen, the patriot artist painted Washington, Jefferson and many other celebrities of the time. A few years ago an additional story was put on the building, and the structure made fire-proof throughout. The additional room now contains the valuable library of the Society, the second floor being used exclusively for meeting purposes. The American Phil- osophical Society has always been a strictly American institution, representing Philadelphia of days gone by, and as such is well worthy of a visit from the intelligent stranger, be they from at home or abroad. The rooms are open week-days Lietwen lo a. m. and I p. m. Independence Square is one of the attractive spots in the heart of the city, and is especially noted for its beautiful trees, many of which were planted in the early days of the city's history. Carpenters' Hall. Another edifice, almost as hallowed a relic of Revolutionary days as Liberty Hall, is "Carpenters' Hall," which stands to the south of Chestnut street, between Third and Fourth streets, and is reached by a passageway from the street first named, it was here where, as by inscription on the walls, the visitor is told, "Henry, Hancock and Adams inspired the delegates of the colonies with nerve and sine\V for the toils of war;" where the first Continental Congress assembled, and where the first prayer in Congress was offered up by the rector of Christ Church, Mr. Duche, on the morn- ing after the false report had been received of the bombardment and destruction of Boston. The first Provincial Assembly also held its sittings here; it was occupied by the Britisli troops and next by the United States Bank and the Bank' of Pennsylvania in succession. The hall was built in 1770 as a meeting place for the house carpen- ters of Philadelphia. After its use by the first Continental Con- gress and tor other public purposes, the building, which was a sub- stantial two-story brick structure, passed into the hands of one tenant after another, until it degenerated into an auction room. •CARPENTERS' HALI.. 86 Then the company of carpenters retook possession, restored it as nearly as possible to the state it was in when the Continental Congress gathered within the walls of the structure and as our wel- come visitors daily see it. The walls have suspended upon them many curious and inter- esting mementos of the Revolutionary days, and the visitor will find much here to interest him. The Old Flag House. This quaint little structure wherein the first American flag was made by Betsy Ross, is located at 239 Arch street. An association is now engaged in the laudable effort to raise funds for its purchase and preservation. Historic Churches. The old Swedes Church, which stands on Swanson street (so named from the Swedish family who once owned all the land in that part of the city), below Christian, is one of the most venerable edifices in America. The first church upon the site was erected in 1677. The present brick edifice was erected in 1700. Another sacred relic of Colonial times is Christ Church, on Second street, near Market, it was begun in 1727, and was finished by the raising of the steeple in 1754. Its chime of bells is among the oldest on this side of the Atlantic. When the British troops took Philadelphia, these bells, like others in the city, were removed to prevent them from falling into the hands of the enemy and being cast into cannon. They returned with the patriots, and have remained to peal forth their music ever since, in their time thev have summtjiied to worship some of the greatest men the countr_\- has produced. Washington was a regular worshiper at Christ Church when President of the United States, and many of the heroes and patriots of the "times that tried men's souls" rest in its vaults. A remarkable Re\'olutionary omen in the history of Christ Church was the fact that in 1776 a bayonet of lightning, like the lightning of American common sense, pierced and melted the golden crown of English King George on the church steeple. 87 The Cooper Shop Volunteer Refreshment Saloon and the Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon. The great military higliway through Philadelphia during the war was between the steamer landing at the foot of Washington avenue and the P., W. & B. R. R. Depot at Broad and Prime streets. From the first few cups of coffee, offered to the passing soldiers by the patriotic housewives along this route, it was but a step to organized v/ork which began early in the spring of 1861 and con- tinued until peace again rested with us. The owners of a cooperage located at Otsego street and Washington avenue first tendered the use of a fire-place for making coffee. Then tables were spread and, a little later, these gentlemen, Messrs. Cooper & Pearce, together with Mr. Simpson, a friend, became the leading spirits in an organ- ization which occupied the whole establishment, dedicating it to the splendid work which has made it famous with the soldiers of the whole nation. Prompted by this enterprise, the Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon was opened at Delaware and Washington avenues, and these two practical evidences of the fraternal spirit of Philadelphia worked in harmony, giving abundant meals to more than a million soldiers during the continuance of the war. The work was done by volunteer ladies and gentlemen, many of whom were from our most refined and wealthy families. Some sacrificed their lives in the arduous toil. Such was the fate of Miss Anna M. Ross, who had charge of the hospital connected with the cooper shop, and was also the founder of the Soldiers' Home, located first at Crown and Race streets and later at the State Arsenal, Sixteenth and Filbert streets. The rapidity with which the work was organized is best indicated by the fact that in the second month of the existence of the "Cooper Shop" it fed 21,764 men. Few of those who were active in this great labor of love are now among the living, but with the memory of the gratitude of those to whom they ministered — the stirring scenes, the enthusiasm, the pathos of those far-away years remain as a precious heritage, and the aged veterans — they have not forgotten. Many a comrade will find the time to look upon the spot where he was so kindly met by ministering angels as he went forth in his strength or came homeward shattered from battle, in the name of one of our most popular local posts (Anna M. Ross) he will recognize the reverence in wliich the memory of one of these heroines of ours is held among the comrades of this city and of the nation. The work at these institutions was continued four years and three months. At tlie hospital connected with the "Union" over eleven thousand soldiers were nursed, twenty thousand were given medicinr and fiirt\' thousand wvw lodued. At timos as many as 89 fifteen thousand passing troops were fed in a single day. The expense of this labor of love was nearly $130,000, all of which was contributed. Both institutions closed with fitting ceremonies up. m August S, 1865. 90 The Great Sanitary Fair. This successful enterprise was lield under the auspices of the United States Sanitary Commission, which was originated in Phil- adelphia for the purpose of helping the soldiers in the camps and to which Philadelphia contributed nearly three times as much money as any other city ($860,306.85). The Sanitary Fair was opened upon June 7, 1864, and continued three weeks. The buildings erected for the purpose covered Logan Square, enclosing its wealth of trees, which formed a beautiful natural decorative feature. The profits of the Fair were $1,080,000. United States Mint. This building is modeled after the Grecian Ionic Temple at Athens. It is the principal place where the United States Govern- ment coins its gold and silver. It was erected in 1834, and has a front of 122 feet, with two wings 32 feet long. In the vestibule at the main entrance may be found persons connected with the insti- tution who conduct visitors through the establishment, showing them the deposit-room, where gold and silver is received and weighed; the copper-melting room, where the bars are prepared for coinage; the gold and silver melting-room, where that metal is cast into bars; the rolling and cutting-room, where the bars are rolled into proper form and cut into shape preparatory to stamping; the stamping or coining-room. These are all on the first floor. The visitor is then conducted to the second floor, where are several rooms, containing the largest and most valuable collection of coins and medals to be found in this country, some bearing date several thousand years before the Christian era. The "widow's mite" may be seen among the number of curious coins. There are several other departments that are not accessible to the public. Visitors are admitted every day, except Sunday, from nine o'clock to twelve in the morning. No fee or charge of any kind. The persons who conduct visitors are paid by the Government. They are nearl\- all members of the G. A. R. During the encampment the Mint will be open until 3 P. M. Tilt' magnificent new Mint building is in course of constrLiction 91 by the Government, upon Spring Garden street, west of Broad, and when completed, the present small and inadequate Mint will no doubt be removed to make room for some great building of traffic. The Grave of Franklin. Two blocks north of the G. A. R. Headquarters, at Fifth and Arch streets, is seen the grave of that sturdy Amer- ican, Benjamin Franklin, one of the most remark- able characters in the his- tory of the world. Fairmount Park. Fairmount Park is the largest public park in the world; it embraces within its domains 2,750 acres, with natural scen- ery unsurpassed. Among the most prominent parks of the world may be men- tioned the Bois de Bou- logne, Paris, 2, 1 58 acres ; the Prater, Vienna, 2,500 acres; Windsor Great Park, London, 1,800 acres; Richmond Hill, London, 2,468 acres; Phcenix Park, D u b 1 in, 1,752 acres; Hampton Court, near London, 1,872 acres; Petit Park, Versailles, 1,280 acres. These are the only parks out of many hundred whose extent exceed 1,000 acres. The park at Philadelphia takes its name from grand old Fair Mount, where was the first basin of the city's water supply, so beautifully situated that William Penn earl\"had his e\-es upon it GARFieirD MONUMKNT. EAST RIVER DRIVE, FAIRMOUNT I'AKK. 92 as a place of country residence. Its elevation is one hundred and ten feet above the river level. Fairmount has long lived in the memory of Philadelphians as a pleasant place and a resort for strangers who were bent upon sight-seeing. Here the water was pumped up to the basin by water wheels driven by the river itself; the first wheel started in 1822. The hill is divided into four reser- voirs, and they hold 26,996,636 gallons; they for a long time were the city's only supply. The architectural features have been greatly, improved since first laid out by the engineer, Frederick Graeff, whose marble bust within a Gothic canopy adorns the grounds. The park in its present dimensions was a work of time, and of much labor and thought upon the part of the public-spirited citizens of Philadelphia. Its formation was opposed at every step, being fraught with objections as to its great cost, the engineer- ing difficulties overcome, its deeply wooded vales, its hilly and rocky surface, the exist- ence of many fine estates and mansions of old families that were owners of the mag- nificent grounds, all of which were sought to be converted into the prospective finest park in the world. Within what is termed the East Park, commencing at Callowhill street bridge, are first the Water Works. The Graeff monument is located here. At Green street entrance is seen the splendid Washington Monument of the Society of the Cincinnati. The steamboat landing is a short distance beyond, above the dam, from which passage may be taken to the Zoological Gar- dens, Laurel Hill and Falls; fare ten'cents. But a short dis- tance, in sight, is the Lincoln Monument, Fountains, Gardens and Mineral Spring. Numerous boat-houses of exceeding beauty line the river bank at this point. Lemon Hill Mansion, on an eminence overlooking tlie cit\-, is a pleasant place to rest. The music pavilion is near the mansion. From this point to Girard avenue bridge are to be seen many objects of interest — among them the cottage which General Grant occupied at the siege of Richmond. t)N VVISSAHICKU.N DRINK. 93 At Girard avenue the footpath and main dri\'e unite. There is a beautiful river road commencing at Lincohi Monument, passing the boat-houses, the "Tarn O'Shanter" group of statuary, beneath overhanging rocks and vines, extending under bridges and through tunnels to the beautiful Wissahickon. The Garfield Memorial and new Equestrian Grant Monument are upon this drive. The Park, on the west side of the river, will ever be memorable as the location of the Centennial Buildings. There remain of these as permanent buildings the Memorial Hall and Horticultural Building. The former contains a valuable museum of many art objects and the latter one of the finest tropical displays in the world. There are a number of pieces of statuary in the grounds, gifts of individtials and socie- ties, mainly of the "Park Art Association," organized for this purpose. They embrace great men of the Revolution and of our own time; among them are Charles Carroll, of Carrollton; Commodore Barry, of the Revolutionary Navy, and Dr. Witherspoon. There are also statues of Washington, Grant, Garfield, Humboldt, Abraham Lincoln and General George Gordon Meade, Morton McMichael, Goethe and Schil- ler, a statue of Religious Liberty, and a statue of Columbus which is be- lieved to be the first erected in any part of the United States. The beau- tiful equestrian statue of Jeanne D'Arc, stands at the eastern approach to Girard avenue bridge. The cost of the grounds and subsequent im- provements have been about ten mil- lions of dollars. Many historic colonial buildings are preserved within the Park limits. An electric railway traverses the West Park, connecting with the east side at Strawberrv Mansion. VIEW IN WKST I'AKK. ON THE WISSAHICKON 95 Zoological Gardens. The Commissioners of Fairmount Park set aside in 1873 about thirty-three acres for the use of the Zoological Society. The land is beautifully located on the west side of the Schuylkill River, near Girard avenue bridge, in the midst of old forest trees. The buildings, of which there are many, are admirably arranged for comfort and convenience, and are probably the best to be found anywhere. The collection of animals and birds is very large, and comprise those generally found in menageries, and also many of a rare kind. The Carnivora House, containing the tigers, leopards, lions, hyenas, giraffes, etc., is the largest building. The elephants have a house devoted to their especial use. The Monkey House, to which the children delight to go, is well supplied. The Aviary contains a fme collection of birds. The Bison and Buffalo House is near the beau- tiful lake, and not far are the Bear Pits, where may be seen superior specimens of the black and cinnamon bear. The prairie dogs have their own little village, and the foxes, raccoons, wolves and rabbits each their separate pens. The Eagle Aviary is well supplied, and the deer enclosure contains a fine collection. There are also the sea lions, which are fed at 10.30 a. m. and 3.30 p. m. Many other pens and cages are placed about the grounds. The old Penn Mansion, erected by John Penn in 1785, and called by him "Solitude," is within the Gardens, and worthy of inspection. The Zoological Gardens may be reached by Girard avenue cars. The Gardens are open every day in the week, from 9 a. m. to sunset. Admission, 25 cents; tickets at the gate. The Academy of Fine Arts. The Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts is the oldest art insti- tution in America, -it was founded in 1805 and chartered the next year. The germ from which it sprang had its existence in 1791, when Charles Wilson Peale attempted to organize in Philadelphia a school for the fine arts. The scheme, although supported by Cer- acchi, the Italian sculptor, then in this country, William Rush and other artists, was not successful, but out of it came, in 1794, the Col- umbianum, and in that year was held, in independence Hall, by the association, the first public exhibition of paintings in this city. 96 The special purpose of the school has always been to afford facilities and instruction of the highest order to students who intend to make painting or sculpture their profession. No advantages but those of pure art education are offered, work comprising study in black and white from the antique casts; lectures in perspective, composition and anatomy, combined with practical work in each of the subjects; color study from still life; elementary modeling from the cast; and study from living model, nude and draped, in black and white, in color, and in clay modeling. The instruction is of the most advanced character, and is con- ducted by means of lectures. The galleries of the Academy will be open free to visitors during the encampment. Philadelphia's Ship Building Supremacy. The picturesque canoes of the aboriginal Indian have given way to the ocean greyhounds of civilization. The famous "Black Ball Liner" has paid obeisance to the age of steam and steel, and again the side-wheeler of the lakes gives place to the twin-screw of the nineteenth century, with its propelling force of twenty miles per hour in all weathers. The first ship-building yard seems, according to the records of the city, to have been established during the earlier portion of the eighteenth century, and was located in the neighborhood of the present foot of South street. The great impetus given to Philadelphia ship-building interests may be safely dated at the close of the war of independence, which had well nigh wholly depleted the Colonial navy. From that period it may be said that a supremacy has been claimed and maintained by this city in all matters affecting naval architecture, and in these later days marine engineering. The gradations in this industry from wood to iron and from canvas to steam serially considered, lead your eye up to where Penn's statue looks to the colossal plant reared by William Cramp and his sons. Starting in a modest way in 1829, the Cramps saw their enterprise grow as year followed year, till to-day their name gives fame to Philadelphia as the first ship-build- ing city on the American Continent. The magnitude of the ship building plant now conducted at the Cramp yards can only be realized by a personal visit. During the Encampment the yards will be open every day to visiting comrades. 97 Our Hxport Interests. Philadelphia is the centre at the present time of a ^reat and intelligently conducted movement looking toward a comprehensive and permanent foreign trade. This line of effort had its beginning in the Pan-American Conference of a half dozen years ago, which was so earnestly fostered and guided by the late Hon. James G. Blaine, it was halted for a time by adverse political conditions, but under the sunlight of renewed prosperity and favorable legisla- tion, it has again become the leading thought with our great manu- facturers. The city of Philadelphia organized the now famous Commercial Museums, which, although still in temporary quarters, contain the most valuable and concrete collection of raw and nicuuifactured products of the nations e\er brought together for the instruction of the busy world. The extensive exposition about to be opened in West Philadelphia near the University of Pennsylvania will intro- duce this collection to many thousands to whom it is vet unknown, and the great buildings which are to be permanent will hereafter contain this and added collections, together with every possible form of information which will enable the American workman to produce the goods required by tlie people of other lands. It will, in fact, become the University of Commerce, and as such, will attract the wide-awake manufacturers of every city in the land. The headquarters of the National Association of Manufacturers is located here, where the idea of sucli an organization first took form. Regarding the work of this body, the Philadelphia "Times" recently said : "it was four years ago, just as the export mo\ement was beginning to manifest itself, that the manufacturers of the United States, in response to a very widely-expressed desire for the exist- ence of some organization which should represent all branches of industry, assembled in Cincinnati and organized the National Asso- ciation of Manufacturers, electing as the first president Mr. Thomas Dolan. After a year in the presidency, during which time the association got a good start, Mr. Dolan was succeeded by Mr. Theo- dore C. Search, whose administration of the affairs of this associa- tion has marked him as one of the broadest and most energetic of Philadelphia's many manufacturers. Although not organized 98 primarily as an export association, the conditions prevailing for three years past have compelled the devotion of the largest share of its energy toward the extension of the foreign commerce of the country, and in this work its efforts have reached the most distant markets of the world. The Splendor of Our Suburbs. As truly as "the glory of a woman is her hair," the pride of a city like Philadelphia is in the cordon of lovely country settlements which encircle her brow like a diadem. Many electric and steam lines make speedy runs between these shady, refined retreats and the heart of the city. These nearby residence sections are threaded by a maze of well-graded and picturesque drives, and the splendor of many of these rural estates is impressive. Andalusia and Torresdale are reached via the Pennsylvania Railroad, the Bristol Electric Line and the up-river steamboats. Pel- ham, Wissahickon Heights and Chestnut Hill are all at the further extreme of Germantown. Along the New York Division of the Philadelphia and Reading Railway are Logan, Oak Lane, Elkins, Ogontz Park, Wyncote and Jenkintown. In the vicinity of the Chelten Hills, as this district is called, are several of the costliest private homes in America. Along the Main Line of the Pennsylvania Railroad are such well-known settlements as Overbrook, Narberth, Ardmore, Bryn Mawr, St. David's, Wayne and Radnor. To the southwest are Llanerch, upon the West Chester Pike, and Swarthmore and Lans- downe, upon Baltimore Pike, reached by the "Central Division" of the Pennsylvania Railroad. The Darby district and the hills aloiiLi pretty Darby Creek is a popular neighborhood, while o\er in New Jersey beyond Camden many aftluent business men have located their homes. The semi-rural character of West Pliiladelphia has attracted thousands of families from the old city. This is especially true of the beautiful district to the southwest, reached by the Chester avenue cars, and of the modern operations bordering upon the West Park. No visitor to our city can claim to ha\e fairly gained an idea of Philadelphia's home life luitil he has visited some of these attrac- tive outer points. 99 Great Passenger Terminals. READINC. RAILWAY TICRMINAL In no city of the world are there such magnificent railroau terminals as exist in Philadelphia. The Broad Street Station of the Pennsylvania Railroad has been a model of a perfect railroad building for a score of years, but it has now been succeeded by a greater and much more commodious structure, imposing in appearance and more perfect in its arrange- ments than the old. This and the magnificent new Martcet Street Station of the Philadelphia & Reading Railway are the largest in the world. Philadelphia, therefore, has the two greatest passenger terminals built, beautiful alike in grandeur and architectural features, and as complete as the suggestions of expe- rienced railroad men could make them. Another passenger terminal, not as large as those of the Pennsylvania and Philadelphia & Reading Railroads, is that of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, at Twenty-fourth and Chest- nut streets. It is of sufficient size to accommodate the growth of the business of this trunk line for several years, and is not lacking in all the conveniences for passengers and trains known to modern railroading. All of the great passenger stations are located within the heart of the city on the main artery of traffic and close to the centres of every line of trade. The Pennsylvania Railroad Station is at Broad and Market streets, directly opposite Philadelphia's magnificent new City Hall, its style of architecture is modern Gothic, harmonizing with the old station familiar to visitors to the Quaker City. An average of 60,000 people arrive and depart from this station every day in the year, and 530 scheduled trains daily, with rarely a trifling accident, is the proud record of this great terminal. Between 4 and 7 p. m., every week-day, titty trains arrive and eighty depart. The enormous aggregate of over twenty million passengers go and come at this station in a single year. HALTIMORK .S: CIIIO KAILKOAU STATION. lOO The Market Street Station of the Philadelpliia & Reading Rail- way was opened to traffic on January 20, 1893, Its style of arclii- tecture is composite renaissance, a style never before adopted for a great raih'oad terminal. On Market street the station front is 266 feet, with a depth of 107 feet on Twelfth street. The building is eight stories high and its facade is impressive and magnificent. The building is one of the architectural ornaments of the city. Two liundred and ninety regular trains arrive and depart at this terminal daily. Philadelphia Commercial Museum and the National Hxport hxposition. The Philadelphia Economic and Commercial Museum is a municipal institution established by the city of Philadelphia. MAIN IUTIM)IN(;, NATIONAL I'.Xl'ORT EXPOSITION. The Museum consists of collections of natural products from all the countries of the world which have already entered our markets, or which may be made available for them, together with samples and cases of manufactined products from foreign countries, which ma\' serx'e as aids to our manufacturers. lOI The Objects of the Institution. 1. To bring before our manutactuicrs, dealers and Cdn.sumers all the varied products of the world, that they may make the best selection for their own special interests. 2. To publish all possible scientific and useful informatidu con- cerning these products which may aid the manufacturer and con- sumer in his choice, 3. To place on exhibition manufactured articles and samples, with full information from all markets which we ought to enter or AGRICUI.TURAL IMPI.EMKNT, VKHICI-E AND Fl"RXrTrRl-; Htai.I >IN< '. NATIONAL KXPORT EXPOSlTrON. control, and to furnish useful information concerning opportunities in foreign lands to our merchants and manufacturers. The most important parts of the exhibits from Mexico, Central and South America, Australia, South Africa and many Asiatic coun- tries at the World's Columbian Exposition, were, at its close, removed to Philadelphia. Similar products from all other countries have been secured, and are being rapidly added to the collections. The importance of this collection and arrangement of informa- tion and objects as a business accessory has given it a world-wide reputation. This will be widely increased by the remarkable National Export Exposition, which, under tlu' auspice^ of the 102 Museum management, is to open here in September and continue for ten weeks. The great buildings which have been erected for the purpose near the grounds of the University of Pennsylvania are mainly to be permanent and to become the permanent place of exhibit for the Museum collection. Merchants and manufacturers will throng here to study the great question of trade with the outer world. The ultimate influence of this undertaking upon the trade of the future cannot be predicted with any degree of certainty. The Philadelphia Bourse. This recent and notable addition to the city's facilities for con- ducting business occupies a space north of Chestnut street and between Fourth and Fifth streets. It should be visited by all strangers and comrades. The proceedings upon the "floor" may be viewed from the gallery, second story. The basement and seventh floors contain permanent exhibitions of machinery and domestic products. A fine restaurant occupies the eighth floor. The Trades League, Maritime Exchange, Board of Trade, Commercial Exchange, Lumber, Drug and other Exchanges, National Association of Manu- facturers and other business bodies are located in the Bourse. PRICELESS RELICS. A LL, or nearly all, of the numerous Post rooms of Philadel- /\ phia contain priceless relics of the great war out of which / — \ the Order was born. Foremost among the torn and battered jetsam which the storm of battle cast upon the shore of time to be picked up and cherished by loving and patriotic survivors are the many flags which are seen once every year upon our streets. But in addition to these are a great variety of objects, generally carefully arranged and labeled, which are associated with the far-away days of the march, the camp and the onslaught of war- fare. Visiting comrades will find members of the Posts willing and anxious at all times to exhibit these treasures. Post I. — Of the large collection of relics and souvenirs which adorn the six thousand square feet of wall space of George G. Meade Post Hall, those holding the deepest interest are the twenty-six furled battle flags, each with its illuminating story of blood and suffering, of that patriotism, valor and pathos that has become a part of the magnificent history of the Boys in Blue who battled to preserve to posterity our one country and one flag. And there, too, hang life- like reproductions on canvas, keeping a silent watch over these prized emblems of liberty, the faces of Washington, Lincoln, Grant, Sherman, Meade and others of our noted Generals, of whom Grant was a member of the Post, and others have been its honored guests. Busts, statues and carvings occupy every corner of the spacious rooms, among which the most valued, by the comrades, is the pre- served bust of "Old Baldy," General Meade's veteran war horse, with his marvelous record and two visible wounds on nose and neck. The flags that waved over the Cooper Shop Refreshment Saloon, recalling precious recollections of the hospitality and love of Phila- delphia's heroic women. These relics all possess an intrinsic value and will become more valuable as the years come and go, for soon they will be the only remaining object-lessons of the dangers, hard- ship and suffering endured by the comrades for the joy of the coming generations. 104 Post 2. — Tile Portrait and Relic Committee of Post 2 furnish the follovvinw description of the famous collection owned bv this large and representative Post: Within our walls may be seen relics from most of the battle- fields of the Rebellion. They consist of muskets, sabres, pistols, cartridges, uniforms worn by individuals, both oftkers and privates. The first greeting on entering the threshold is the capstan of the battleship "Hartford," also photographs of the White Squadron; directly to your right is the library, consisting of over two thousand volumes, divided into two divisions, military and miscellaneous. Coming out, you go directly east and are ushered' into the principal war relic room, 41 by 45 feet;, here will be found six glass-covered cases containing valuable relics, loaned and deposited by comrades of the Post, which all have a history; one of these cases contains Confederate relics, another a collection of medals (made at the Phil- adelphia Mint) of all the Presidents of the United States of America, as well as the principal Generals who commanded the armies. The walls of this room are entirely covered with pictures and photographs pertaining to the war. in this room is to be found relics from the U. S. S. "Maine" which were on board when she was blown up at Havana; this Post has also in their possession a United States flag taken from the "Maine" after the explosion. At the eastern end of this room is the gun-case of the Veteran Guard, containing forty musk'ets used by them on parades and also in \'olley firings over the graves of their comrades. The fire-place is a great attraction, especially in winter. The burning logs give forth a cheerful glow, and are productive of thought. It is the centre of attraction, especially when the janitor presides with his never-ending supply of witty stories. It recalls many stories of old times. You then enter another room known as the Guards' Room. This Guard is composed of forty members, who are veterans, from all branches of the service, from generals down to privates. Each guard has a closet, in which are to be found his uniform, which consists of shako, white dress coat, blouse, pants, overgaiters, fatigue undress cap and skull-cap for dress. This Guard is a notice- able feature in the Post. You then proceed upstairs to the main floor, and tlu- first attrac- 105 tion is a genuine army mule's iiead, made to it-present liim sticking his liead out of a stable window. You tlien turn to your right and go through the ante-room, where the officers each have a closet tor their uniforms; this room is nicely carpeted and decorated with valuable pictures and paintings. Turning again to your right, you are ushered into the main hall. It is truly said of this room, it is unsurpassed of its kind. The writer cannot convey in words its grandeur; it must be seen to be appreciated. Some of its main features are the chandelier in the centre of the room. On its walls are all of the principal corps commanders in oil. The oil painting of tile "Private Soldier," lite size, reminds one of old times. You can almost hear him call out, "Who goes there?" The windows are stained glass, and each has two corps marks nicely arranged in them. Gracefully grouped on either side of this room is twenty- eight battle flags, all with a history. The Commander's desk is nicely arranged so that it commands a full view of the whole room, and to his right and left are situated the Adjutant and Quarter- master. The orchestra are raised one foot from the floor on a plat- form railed in; they are members of the Post and dispense choice selections on all occasions. The parlor is upholstered in plush and is the attraction for the ladies. Post No. 5 owns the building in which it meets each Tuesday evening, it is valued at $32,000. in their relic case is the flag presented to the Sumter Guards of Charleston, S. C, May, 1861. They have a number of swords belonging to Union and Confederate officers, with a large collection of muskets, shells, bullets, etc. Post 6.— Ellis Post, No. 6, is in historic Germantown, one mile from the old battlefield. The Town Hall, in which the Post meets, is on ground traveled over by Washington and his troops. During the Civil War was used as a hospital for wounded and sick soldiers. The Post has relics of the battle of Germantown, a miniature stockade of Andersonville made of wood from the stockade, also a log from the stockade, relics from most all the battlefields, and has also one of the flags that covered the remains of General U. S. Grant. Post/.— This Post is on the third floor of Dicke'sHall, entrance on Eyre street. The Post room, 90 by 40 feet, is handsomelv fur- nished, and some of the finest crayons of Generals Grant, Sherman, Sheridan and Captain Walter S. Newhall deck the walls. The relics io6 of the Rebellion are two battle flags, one twelve-pound brass how- itzer from Admiral Farragut's flagship, "Hartford," a tower musket captured from a rebel at Cemetery Hill, Gettysburg, July 2, 1863, also a lot of muskets from different battlefields in Virginia, and last, but not least, the ball from the top of the flag-pole from the Volunteer Refreshment Saloon. Post 18. — This Post has in its collection the bell of the rebel ram, "Merrimac," a fine array of weapons and other trophies of the battlefield and a stand of colors presented to the Twenty-third Regi- ment Pennsylvania Volunteers, by ladies of Philadelphia. Post 35. — This centrally located Post of the cavalry branch has the usual variety of relics, but in its celebrated "Balky Horse" possesses one unique attraction. This interesting object is com- posed of carbines, sabres, revolvers, cartridge-boxes and other cavalry trappings contributed by members. It was built for the Post by Mr. William Spang, the artist. Post 55. — This- representative suburban Post has spacious quarters in Frankford. Its collection of guns, swords, pieces of wood from historic points and numerous other articles contributed by comrades is large and valuable. One specimen is a rebel flint-lock musket from Bull Run. The Post has also a fine library. Post 191. — The Post room is situated on the first floor of the historic old building on the southwest corner of Fifth and Chestnut streets, in which the first Supreme Court held its session in 1791 ; later used as the City Hall. There are quite a number of pictures on the walls, representing the original Commander of the Pennsyl- vania Reserve Corps, General George A. McCall, General John F. Reynolds, the First Brigade; General George G. Meade, the Second Brigade, and General Ord, the Third Brigade, being the original commanders of the brigades. A fine picture of ex-Governor A. G. Curtin ; also pictures of General McCandless, General Kane, Col- onels Seneca G. Simmons, Patrick McDonough, McCalmont, Sickles, Taggart, Woolworth, General John P. Taylor, General McClellan, Captain John Taylor, Cienerals Grant and Garfield and Abraham Lincoln, with many more of historical interest, together with battle flags of the Second and Fourth Regiments P. R. V. C, and many relics of interest to visitors and old soldiers in general, particularly to those who served in one of the regiments of Penn- sylvania Reserves. I07 Post 275. — This Post is located on the finest avenue in Phila- delphia, occupying two halls, and have among their relics several large oil paintings ,of camp scenes, also a chart and engraving of "THE BALKV HORSIi " Ol I'OST 35, O. A. K. (Composed oi cavalry accoutrements, relics of the War of the RchelHo.i 1 Andersonville Prison, showing the sufferings ot our comrades in that unfortunate prison pen. It is a valuahle curiosity, as very few of the engravings were printed. There are also many other things to interest our visiting comrades. io8 Post 46. — This Post was organized June 17, 1874, ^^'i*-' ''"^^■'^ mustered in since its organization over seven hundred and fifty comrades and now has 125 in good standing. The Post hall is situated at 730 and 732 Soutli Broad street, one of the largest and finest halls in the city; is furnished throughout with solid blacl< walnut furniture; is handsomely carpeted, has library case contain- ing over one thousand volumes and many handsome and historical paintings on its walls; is rich in relics of the Civil and other wars, among' which may he mentioned the signal flag of the pirate "Alabama," a captured Confederate battle flag, chair from Wash- ington's headquarters at Valley Forge, cartridge boxes from the battlefields of Virginia, also solid shot and shells and many interest- ing relics from the battlefields of Gettysburg and Chancellorsville, also a sword presented bv the privates and non-commissioned officers of the Ninety-fifth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers to Colonel Cus W. Town, after whom the Post is named, and who was killed leading his regiment at Salem Heights, May 3, 1863, and swords used during the Revolutionary War; pictures of the old Volunteer and Cooper Shop Refreshment Saloons, also the Sanitary Fair, held in Logan Square, 1864, also very fine model of the U. S. man-of-war " Constitqtion," over seven feet long; silver bust of General Sherman, presented by him to Surgeon Bradly, U. S. A., in 1865, and by him to the Post; also cannon used by Colonel John K. Murphy, of the Twenty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers, to fire salutes in Independence Square before the Civil War. Comrades welcome at all times. Anna M. Ross Post, No. 94. — Located at southeast corner of Hutchinson street and Girard avenue, east of Tenth street. Own the building and some of the adjoining property valued at $26,500. Have in possession the gate that was at the Cooper Shop Refresh- ment Saloon during the war of 1861-65, where numerous regiments were fed while on the way to the seat of war; also tlie keystone of doorway of Cooper Shop Hospital, where Miss Anna M. Ross took a prominent part; a large collection of Continental money; Masonic apron fnund in a tin box near Petersburg, Va., by one of the colored troops; numerous relics from Gettysburg; piece of the elm tree under which the treaty of William Penn was signed. GIRARD COLLEGE. STEPHEN GIRARD was born in Bordeaux, France, May 20, 1750. He be;^an life for himself by going to sea as a cabin- boy and part owner of a sailing vessel at the age of four- teen ; and was so successful as a mariner that he determined to follow the sea for a living. In due time he becamt- a merchant and was equally successful in merchandisf. Later in ]ife he became a banker. His success as a banker may be inferred from the fact that at his death he left an estate, the estimated \alue of which was ^6,000,000, being the richest or second richest man in the United States. He died December 26, 1831, leaving neither widow nor children. The bulk of his large fortune he bequeathed for the endowment of a " permanent college " for the education and maintenance of "poor, white, male orphans." These orphans are admitted to the College between the ages of six and ten years, and those " who shall merit it shall remain in the College until they shall respectively arrive at between fourteen and eighteen years of age." The founder directs that they shall be " instructed in the various branches of a sound education, comprehending reading, writing, grammar, arithmetic, geography, navigation, surveying, practical mathematics, astronomy, natural, chemical and experimental philoso- phy, the French and Spanish languages, and other such learning and science as the capacities of the several scholars ma\- merit or war- rant." The corner-stone of the College was laid July 4, 1833, and the first five buildings were completed in December, 1847. 'I"he insti- tution was opened January i, 1848, with one hundred pupils. The number of boys has grown from one hundred, in January, 1848, to fifteen hundred in January, 1899; and the staff of teachers and officers from seventeen to one hundred and sixteen ; and the number of buildings from five to fourteen. Since the opening of the school there have been admitted 6,167 pupils. The affairs of the College and of the (lirard Estate ar»r under the supervision of the Board of Directors of City Trusts, com- posed of fifteen members, including the mayor of tlie city and the 109 I 10 presidents of Select and Common Councils. The other twelve are chosen for life by a hoard of appointment composed of the twelve judges of the Courts of Common Pleas. It is greatly to the credit of this board of management that the endowment fund has increased from an estimated value of (ilKARD COI^LEGE, MAIN BUILDING. $6,000,000 to an estimated value of nearly $30,000,000, from which the net annual income is now, in round numbers, $900,000. Board of Directors of City Trusts. Louis Wagner, President. Alexander Biddle, Edward S: Buckley, John M. Campbell, Benjamin B. Comegys, John H. Converse, Joseph L. Caven, l^ice-Piesideiit. John K. Cuming, William L. Hlkins, John H. Michener, Dallas Sanders, Hdwin S. Stuart. Members of I he Board " Ex-offido." Samuel H. Ashbridge, Mayor. James L. Miles, President Setect Coiuicil. Wencel Hartman, President Common Council. Ill In addition to the sub- as designated by the foun- introduced from time to ing, including Sloyd and ing, vocal music, phonog- writing, calisthenics and The Girard College nearly five hundred rifles, corps, is an important and of the institution. All the ception of the commandant. College. There are com- the week, with battalion rade on Friday after- week during spring, autumn. President of the College, ADAM H. FETTEROLF, Ph. D., LL. D. jects to be taught der, there have been time manual train- mechanical dravv- y raphy and type- free-hand drawing. Cadets, numbering with band and drum interesting feature (iftlcers, with the ex- are pupils of the pany drills twice in drill and dress pa- noon of each s u m m e r a n d yice PresiJ.'ut, w. D. Sheldon, A M. STEPHEN GIRARD STATUE, CITV HAI.I, I-I,AZA. devil's pool, WISSAHICKON, KAIUMOUNT I'AKK. THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. THH University of Pennsylvania is the result of a clearly recognized educational necessity, and stands as a repre- sentative of the early generous impulses of the colony toward iiigher education. The Executive Council proposed, November 17, 1683, "that care be taken about the learning and instruction of youth, to wit: a school of Arts and Sciences; " and in i68g such a scliool was founded as the Public Grammar School in Philadelphia, and chartered in 1697 as the William Penn Charter School, on the plan of the Hnglish Free School. After the vicissitudes of the early eighteenth centur\-, with denominational schools in various localities, the idea of the free school again took shape as the Charitable School, established in Philadelphia by a number of citizens in 1740. In 1743 Benjamin Franklin drew up a plan for establishing an Academy, and in 1749, after the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, published his ideas in a pamphlet entitled " Proposals relating to the Education of Youth in Pennsylvania." The Common Council agreed to give to the enterprise £200 in cash, £150 per annum for five years, and £50 for the right of sending one scholar each year from the Charitable School. The Academy was formally opened in 175 1, with the Latin. English and Mathematical Schools. After the reorganization in 1753, the Latin and Philosophical Schools were spoken of as "The College." The Medical School Founded. Desultory lectures or Courses of Lectures on Medicine had been given by Dr. Cadwalader in Philadelphia soon after 1751. and b\' Dr. William Shippen as early as November 26, 1762. Dr. Morgan, while abroad, had an understanding with Dr. Shippen that the\- would make an effort to establish a medical school upon his return. Accordingly, he proposed to the Board of Trustees the introduction of a medical professorship into the College. On Ma>- 2, 176=;. the 8 113 i'4 Board considered this proposition and elected him Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine; thus establishing iJie first medical school in America. The University of the State of Pennsylvania. After the reopening of the College, which had been closed during the British occupation, the General Assembly began to interfere with the affairs of the College, and on November 27, 1779, created a new corporation, under the title of the "'Trustees of the University of the State of Pennsylvania," abrogating thereby the charters of 1753 and 1755. The College continued with Dr. Smith as its Provost; and thus the two institutions operated for a time as unfriendly rivals. The Assembly passed the Act of September 31, 1791, uniting the University of the State of Pennsylvania and the College, Academy and Charitable School of Philadelphia, creating a new corporation, to be known as the "Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania," with the three departments (exclusive of the Charitable School) of Arts, Law and Medicine. The Department of Arts included five separate schools: the Philosophy School, including Natural and Moral Philosophy; the Grammar School, including Latin and Greek; the Mathematical School; the English School; and the German School, conducted by a German professor, who taught, also, Oriental Languages. This was the first German professorship in America. The Law School Founded. The first professors Jiip of Law in America was established in the College in 1790. Justice James Wilson, of the Supreme Court of the United States, was elected to fill this professorship. The Law School was formally opened December 15, 1790. President Wash- ington, the members of the Cabinet, Members of both Houses of Congress, the Judges of the Courts, and State and City Officials, as well as Mrs. Washington, Mrs. Bingham and other ladies of note, were present at the inaugural ceremonies. The University in the Nineteenth Century. In the month of March, 1800, the University purchased, for 41,650, the building which had been erected with moneys appro- 115 priated by the Legislature on the site at present occupied by the Post Office, and moved into these quarters in the Spring of 1802, where they remained until the removal of the University to its present site in 1871. in 1 8 10 there was a reorganization of classes, doing away with the so-called schools, and arranging the students into Freshman, Junior and Senior classes. In 1816 the Department of Natural Science was created by the Board of Trustees, embracing instruction in I^atural Philosophy, Botany, Natural History, Mineralogy, Chem- istry Applied to Agriculture and the Arts, and Comparative Anatom\', with a corps of five professors. Provost Ludlow completed the revival of the Law School during his Provostship, under the influence of Judge Sharswood. Dr. Goodwin, while Provost, was instru- mental in organizing the Auxiliary De- partment of Medi- c i n e, founded through the generos- ity of Dr. George B. Wood in 1865. With the elec- tion of Dr. Stille as Provost, July 5, 1858, began a mort^ pro- nounced effort to reorganize the University. Provost Stille says, in his reminiscences: "My ambition at that time was to follow in the footsteps of Presidents Elliott, White and McCosh, who were then organizing, on a most liberal scale, 'the new education at Harvard, Cornell and Princeton.'" Provost Stille set about raising funds for the establishment of a scientific school. The crea- tion of the Department of Natural Sciences in 1816 had been followed in 1850 by the establishment of the Department of Chemistry, as applied to arts, and in 1852, by the founding of a School of Mines, Arts and Manufactures. This loosely organized effort in the direc- tion of a scientific school continued until 1864. COLLKGK HAUL ii6 In 1862, the University made provision tor instruction in agricul- ture, calling the department the "College of Agriculture, Mines, Arts and the Mechanical Arts." Failing to secure the public funds, the Unix'ersity then made a general appeal to the public for a $500,000 endowment fund. But at the suggestion of Mr. Nathaniel B. Browne, the University was enabled to purchase of the city a portion of the Almshouse Farm, thus acquiring a site for the new development of the University. Upon this land the construction of College Hall was begun in June of 1871, and the hall was dedicated September, ]872. The University Hospital Founded. With the removal of the College to West Philadelphia came also the suggestion of moving the Medical School, but this necessi- tated new hospital facilities. The Medical alumni recommended the foundation of a hospital. The Trustees appropriated a site on the newly accjuired ground; private contributions were made for the Hospital, and the Legislature appropriated, in April, 1872, ;5 100,000 for the purpose, on condition that $250,000 additional should be raised. In May, 1872, Councils made a grant of five and one-half acres of city land, in addition to the original site. When the $350,000 were raised another appeal was made to the Legislature by the Judges of the Supreme and City Courts and other citizens for an additional $100,000 on the condition that the University should raise an equal amount. The money was brought together, and a new hospital opened for patients July 5, 1874. The Towne Scientific School. After many fruitless efforts in the direction of a Natural Science Department, the University was finally enabled, through the gener- osity of John Henry Towne, a Trustee, to establish the "Towne Scientific School," out of the old Department of Science, in 1875. The Department of Dentistry. In 1839 an attempt was made to organize the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery ; in 1845 the Ohio Dental College was estab- lisheLl in Cincinnati; in 1850 the TranssyK'ania School of Den- tistry, in Kentucky, and in 1852 the New York College of Dental Surgery, at Syracuse, 117 As early as May, 18^0, the Philadelphia College ut Dental Surgery was chartered, and the charter was renewed in 1856 as the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery. The tu'st real department of dentistry connected with an American university was that of the Harvard Dental School, 1867. This was followed by the Dental College of the University of Michigan, 1875, and the effort to organize a depart- ment of dentistry of the University of Pennsylvania, 1878. The Dental Department was housed in the La- boratory building of the Medical Department until 1898, when it was transferred to the new Dental Hall, on Locust street, west of Thirty- third. The new Dental Hall when constructed was in advance of the dental equip- ment of all other American universities. Dr. William Pepper's Provostship. In 1880 Dr. Stille resigned the Provostship, and February 22, 1881, Dr. William Pepper was inaugurated as Provost of the Univer- sity. The prosperity and growth of the University during the administration of Provost Stille were to assume even more extensive proportions under Provost Pepper. The Wharton School or Finance and FcoNO.v\^. in his inaugural address Provost Pepper announced the purpose of Mr. Joseph Wharton to found a School of Finance and Economy in the University of Pennsylvania. The Wharton School of Finance THK IJBRARV. ii8 and Economy was opened in 1883. The amount of Mr. Wharton's gift was $100,000. About this time Provost Pepper secured from the City Councils fourteen acres of the "Poor Farm" for the sum of $100,000, and the establishment of fifty perpetual prize scholarships for students from the public schools of Philadelphia, and Mr. Henry Seybert left the University $120,000, which was divided equally between a ward for chronic diseases and the Seybert Chair of Philosophy. Mr. Henry C. Gibson gave $85,000 for a building for chronic diseases. The Veterinary Department. The suggestion of a veterinary school in the University was made by Dr. Benjamin Rush, in 1806. The plea of Dr. Rush took the form of a money estimate of the value of domestic animals lost through diseases in the United States. November 14, 1882, Mr. J. B. Lippincott donated $10,000 in first mortgage bonds "to establish a Veterinary Department under the control of the University of Pennsylvania." February i, 1883, Mr. J. E. Gillingham gave $10,000 to the Department; and on March 6, 1883, the Chair of Anatomy and Pathology was created. Mr. Lippincott made another donation of $10,000 in December, conditioned by the raising of $15,000 by subscription. The Veterinary Department was opened October 2, 1884. Since the death of Mr. Lippincott, in 1886, his children have sustained the department. In 1887 the Legislature of the State appropriated $25,000 to the Veterinary Hospital, condi- tioned upon the establishment of twelve free scholarships to be filled by appointees of the Governor. The Biological School. The roots of the Biological School run far back' into the eight- eenth century. In 1728 Mr. Bartram established his Botanical Garden, which continues to be one of the most interesting in America and which was recently restored under the direction of the University. In 1778 Dr. Adam Kuhn, a pupil of Linneaus, was appointed botanical professor in the University of Pennsylvania — the first in America. The teaching of botany was continued at the University by Dr. Barton at the beginning of this century, who published the first elementary work on botany. At the request of 119 Dr. Barton, the Legislature of Pennsylvania granted, March ig, 1805, the sum of $3,000 "to establish a garden for the improvement of the science of botan}/. " Twelve acres of ground were purchased for the botanical garden in 1817. On October 4, 1818, the faculty of Natural History was constituted by the creation of professor- ships of Botany, and Horticulture, Natural History, including Geology, Zoology and Comparative Anatomy, and of Mineralogy and Chemistry as Applied to Agriculture and the Arts. With the organization of the auxiliary Faculty of Medicine, i86i;-66, a new impulse was given by Professor George B. Wood, through whose efforts the new organization had been brought about. Out of this effort to found auxil- iary courses to Medi- cine grew the Biologi- cal School. Through the efforts of Dr. Horace Jayne, who had examined the laboratories of Europe, the Biological School was opened December 4, 1884. Since the death of Professor Ryder and Professor Cope, and the withdrawal of Dr. Jayne from the Directorship, the Department of Biology has developed into two closely allied departments — Botany and Zoology. The Department of Botany has established the Botanical Garden adjacent to the Biological Laboratory, and the Department of Zoology has just erected a Vivarium tor the study of animal organisms. HOUSTON HALL. The Department of Philosophy. It was early in the administration of Provost Pepper that the new epoch of graduate study in America began to force itself upon the attention of the University of Pennsylvania. In the Depart- 120 ments of Medicine and allied courses much valuable research had been carried on; but it was not in the form of ort^anized graduate work. On March 9, 1884, a meeting of a number of professors was called at the house of Provost Pepper for the purpose of organizing a Department of Philosophy, or, more properly, a Faculty, of Philos- ophy, in the European sense of the word, which should undertake the organization of graduate instruction, in accordance with the methods of the German universities. This original plan of graduate work furnished the basis of graduate instruction until 1888. In November of 1888 a modified form of the plan was adopted by the Board of Trustees. The officers of the Faculty of Philosophy con- sisted of a Dean, a Secretary and an Executive Committee. This work now belongs to the most important features of the University. The University Library. At the first recorded meeting of the Trustees of the Philadelphia Academy the subject of the Library was discussed. Benjamin Franklin was made chairman of the Library Committee, and the committee soon had in hand ^'100, for the purchase of Greek authors, maps, drafts and instruments. In 1774 a librarian was asked for by the Faculty, to take care of the considerable collection of books, but was not appointed until 1791. The regular income of the Library consisted of the Bachelors' and the Masters' fees. In 1784 the Library received one hundred volumes of miscellaneous and literary works as the gift of his Most Christian Majesty, Louis XVI. In 1786 the first catalogue was prepared. With the year 1891 begins a new epoch for the University Library. On February 7 of this year, a hundred years after the amalgamation of the College with the University, the new librarx' building was dedicated and duly opened. Before the erection of the new building the Library had received, among other gifts, the Wetherill Library, 1871 ; the Evans Rogers Library, 1871 ; the Allen Classical Library, 1873; the Tobias Wagner Fund, 1874; the Colwell Library, 1870; supplemented bv Mr. Henry C. Carey, 1879; the Wharton Endowment Fund, for the Wharton School Library, 1889; the Henry Seybert Library of Spiritualism, 1883; the Krauth Memorial Fund, 1887; the McCartee Collection of Chinese and Japanese Literature, 1887; the Pott Philological Library, 1887; the Semitic Library, 1887; the Hayden Library, 121 i888; the Leutsch Library, 1889; the collection of Congressional and State documents, i88g; the Pepper Medical Librar\-, 1889; the Prime Collection of Works on Engineering, 1890; the Seiden- sticker Collection of German Works, 1890; the Ashburner Geolog- ical Lihrarx', 1890; the Leidy Library, 1891 ; tlie Bowie Librar\-, 1891 ; the Powers Library, 1891; the Lippincott Library, 1891 ; the Harrison, Morris and Cochran Alcoves, 1891 ; the Harris Collection and Physick Library, 1892; the Cope Library, the Ken- dall Library, the Bechstein Germanic Library, 1895; the Macauly, Dante and Tasso, 1897, and the Collection of British Parliamentary Papers, 1899, The John Harrison Laboratory- of Chemistry. The teaching of chemistry in the University really begins with 17^8, when John Ewing was appointed Professor of Natural Philos- ophy. September, 1765, Dr. Rush was made Professor of Chemis- try in the Medical School. During the transition period, from phlogiston to anti-phlogiston, the University of Pennsylvania occu- pied an important position in the controversy. Dr. Woodhouse, in his anti-phlogiston theories, was a forerunner of the new chemistry, which was represented later at Princeton by Dr. McLean. No special provision for an adequate chemical laboratory was made until the early nineties. In October, 1894, the John Harri- son Laboratory of Chemistry, erected by Mr. Charles C. Harrison, Mr. Alfred C. Harrison and Mr. William H. Harrison, was opened for instruction. The foundation was a memorial to John Harrison, the grandfather of the founders, and himself the founder of chemical manufactures in the United States, The new Chemical Laboratory was placed in charge of Vice-Provost Professor Edgar F. Smith. Department of Engineering. After the removal of the College to West Philadelphia the Department of Engineering occupied for some years one room in the top of College Hall. In 1889 Professor Marx was succeeded by Pro- fessor Henry W. Spangler. A collection of S 16,000 was raised and two rooms were equipped with instruments in the basement of- College Hall. In the autumn of 1892 the new building was occupied by the Department and the old heating plant was transferred to this building and a new electric plant was set up. 122 The Museum of arch/eology and Paleontology. In 1889 the Museum of Archceology and Paleontology was organ- ized tor original instruction and research, and for the formation of illustrated collections; and in 1891 it was constituted a department of the University. The city of Philadelphia transferred, March 30, 1894, eight acres of land to the University in trust, as a park and botanical garden and site for a Museum of Science and Art, and added, October 29, 1895, one and two-sevenths acres of ground additional to the former grant. The same year the Legislature appropriated $1 50,000 for the erection of a museum building upon the condition that the Univer- sity raise a similar amount. The cost of the proposed struc- ture when com- pleted was esti- mated at $2,- 250,000. The north we st e r n section has been completed at a cost of $450,000, and will soon be open to the public. The collections here housed are rich and extensive, including the American prehistoric antiquities, the section of Asiatic and gen- eral ethnology, the section of Babylonian antiquities (the greatest in America, and ranking next to the British Museum and the Louvre, the Egyptian and Mediterranean section, and the rare and valuable collection of gems donated by Professor Maxwell Som- merville. The LABORATOR^• of H^■G1ENE. In the year 1S89 Mr. Henry C. Lea offered to provide for tlie construction of a Laboratory of Hygiene, on condition that the Uni- versity should equip and endow it, and make Hygiene a compulsory THE TRIANGLE. 12- ■Study in certain courses and that a fourth year be added to the medical course. The Laboratory of Hygiene was opened February 22, 1892. Original research was encouraged by the establishment of. the Thomas A. Scott Fellowship. The Wistar Institute of Anato.m\- and Biologn . Between 1808 and 1818 Dr. Caspar Wistar, Professor of Anatomy, made valuable collections of anatomical preparations to illustrate his lectures. His widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Mifflin Wistar, presented this collection to the University. Through the generosity of General Isaac J. Wistar, a large building was erected in 1892 for the combined anatomical museum, and named the Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, the first of the kind in America opened to the public. Dr. C. C. Harrison's'Provostship. May 23, 1894, Dr. Pepper retired as Provost of the University, and Dr. C. C. Harrison, who had been appointed Acting Provost, May 15, 1894, succeeded him June 4, 1895. During the administration of Provost Harrison the life of the University continued to manifest itself, both in the way of material improvement and in the spirit of scientific research. Mr. H. H. Houston and his wife donated a sum of money to build a hall, as a memorial to their son, Henry Howard Houston, Jr., of the class of 'j^. The building was completed at a cost of about $100,000, and named Howard Houston Hall and dedicated as a club house for the use of the students of the University. The Hall is in the centre of the group of University buildings, and is equipped with a reading room, smoking room, billiard, chess and checker tables, correspondence room, bowling alleys, shuffle- boards, bath room, swimming pool, athletic trophy room, large audi- torium with grand organ, editorial room. Christian Associatiiui room, dark room for photography and lunch room. The Hall is the home of the Houston Club, which consists of students and officers of the University; the cost ot membership is $2.00 per annum. 124 The Flower Astronomical Observatory. The late Reese Wall Flower bequeathed to the University what is known as the Flower Farm, on the West Chester Pike, near Cobb's Creek. Upon this site the Flower Astronomical Observa- tory was erected, and dedicated in the spring of 1896 tor graduate instruction and observation in astronomy. The Observatory consists of an equitorial building, a meridian building and the residence of the director, and is equipped with the most impro\;ed astronomical instruments. The University Dormitories. In one respect the University of Pennsylvania differed from most of its sister institutions, dati'ng from the colonial period, in that it made no provision during its early history for the housing of its students. One of the most marked advances of the present adminis- tration is to be seen in the effort to sup- ply this lon^ seri- ous lack in the University life, by the erection of the first part f the University dormi- tories. This so- called "triangle" and "little quad," accommodating about three hundred students, was opened in the fall of 1897, affording at very resonable rates all the modern conveniences — light, heat, air, water and service. The entire quadrangle, when completed, will accommodate over one thousand students and will include within the quadrangle a large Commons House. The government of the dormitories is vested in the parietal committee appointed by the Board of Trustees, and a Board of Representatives elected by the students. THE COURT. 125 The Gradl'ate Department for Wo.men. In 175 1 there was provision for both boys and ;j;irls in separate departments of the Charitable School. This arran^^ement continued in force in the College, nominally at least, until June 5, 1877, when the Charitable School was abolished. In 1879 Mrs. Bloomtield Moore presented the sum of $10,000 toward the education of women preparing for the career of teaching. Colonel Joseph M. Bennett donated properties to the value of $30,000, with which a graduate department for women was established. Colonel Bennett added $15,000 more to his original gift, and bequeathed in his will a sum estimated at 8400,000 for the development of the department. Franklin Field. Franklin Field is too well known to require much description. It is following an old adage that "The shoemaker's children go bare- foot, " that the University, while gaining a national reputation for its victories in athletic sports, has, up to the present time, no adequate gymnasium, it may be said, however, in justification of Franklin Field and of the apparent neglect of the Uni\ersity in point of gymnastics, that the most careful examination of students is conducted by the Director't)f Physical Instruction, and that those who finally pass into the grea-t arena of Franklin Field represent in the most severe sense of -ti^te word the survival of the fittest. The University as It Is. This brief sketch of the de\-elopment of the University of Pennsylvania has shown that the growth of the institution, as we now see it, has manifested itself chiefly during the administration of the last three Provosts. If we may characterize the administra- tion of Provost Stille as the period of revival, and that of Provost Pepper as the period of expansion, we may designate the adminis- tration of Provost Harrison as the epoch of organiiation and inner development. During Provost Harrison's administration, the various depart- ments of the University have been co-ordinated with the central system, and the finances of the University put on a solid business basis. In addition to the material progress of the institution, marked bv the erection of the John Harrison Laboratory of Chem- 126 istry, the Houston Hall, the Flower Astronomical Observatory, the University Dormitories, the Dental Hall, the Botanical Garden, the Vivarium, the new Law Building (in process of erection), and the Medical Laboratories, already projected, there is alive in all the departments of the University a new academic spirit, which is bringing the institution into touch with the great educational move- ments of the world, and is building up a structure far more lasting than any erected by chisel and trowel. hi a word, the widely recognized significance of the present administration lies in the appreciation of the importance of this inner growth of the Univer- sity as the first essential to all University life. . To this less ma- terial side of the University growth belong the various foundations provid- ing for scholarships and fellowships, for books and periodi- cals, for research a n d publication. Foremost among these endowments stands the George Leib Harrison Foun- dation, for the en- couragement of lib- eral studier and the a d V a n ceme nt of knowledge This foundation amounts to $500,000, and provides eight scholarships, each yielding free tuition and $100 cash annu- ally; nineteen fellowships, each yielding $500 cash and free tuition; five senior fellowships, each yielding $800 per annum. The total number of fellowships and scholarships now available at the University is about one hundred, yielding an annual income in cash and tuition of about $25,000. Another less material, but not less important, phase of Univer- sity growth is the improvement of the Library facilities through the efforts and generosity of a number of Trustees on the Library Com- WKSTERN END OF DORMITORIhS. SHOWING HAMILTON WALK. 127 mittee. Incomplete sets of periodicals and works of reference have been completed; gaps in very important subjects have been filled; a new system of cataloguing; has been introduced; thus transforming the Library from an Incoherent mass of books to a most efficient scientific apparatus. Still another form of growth is the organization and consolida- tion of the various publications of the University, into a uniform series, known as the Publications of the University of Pennsylva- nia, with sub-series for the various departments, and the endow- ment by subscription of a publication fund, devoted to publishing researches made by members of the University. A number of alumni and friends of the University have guaranteed the fund for a term of years. Among the new additions to the series already in progress at the time of the reorganization are the following: The Series in Mathematics, the "University Bulletin," the Series in Astronomy and the Series in Hygiene. In addition to the above the series includes the Series in Philology, Literature and Archaeology, Series in Political Economy and Public Law, Series in Philosophy, Series in Botany and Series in Zoology. There are also the follow- ing affiliated publications: The "Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science," "Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History" and "Americana Ger- manica." This new life is apparent in the Departments both of Science and of Letters, but particularly in the more recently organized Faculty of Philosophy or Graduate Department. So rapid has been the progress of research in this latter department of the University that it has outstripped the professional schools, which are now re- newing their activity by introducing more rigid methods of research and instruction. This is more particularly manifest in the new departures in Medicine and in Law. It is the spirit of investigation which has transformed the old University of Pennsylvania, struggling along after its sister institu- tions, into the new University of Pennsylvania, the friendly ri\'al both of its earlier and later contemporaries. Thus from the two little buildings — the Academy and Charitable School of 1749-50— the University has grown into a complex of twenty-six buildings cover- ing more than fifty acres, aggregating a value of $3,750,000, with a faculty numbering 258 professors and instructors, and with 2,790 students. PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD— ITS EXCELLENT TERMINAL FACILITIES. The Popular Route to the Battlefields of the Civil War and to the Seashore. THE history of the Pennsylvania Railroad is closely linked with that of the Grand Army of the Republic. Together they labored in the years of war, and in time of peace they are the pride of the people. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company extends a cordial greeting to the honored veterans in their Thirty-third National Encampment at Philadelphia. The thirty-four years since Lee and Grant met at Appomattox have witnessed many changes and much industrial improvement. The Pennsylvania Railroad now lands its passengers in the heart of the City of Philadelphia, in one of the largest and finest terminals of the world. Broad Street Station, situated at the junction of Broad and Market streets, just west of the great marble City Hall, is the most complete and elaborate railroad station ever constructed. It is twelve stories high, three hundred and six feet wide, and one hundred and twenty feet deep, and is built of granite and red brick with terra cotta trimmings. It contains, in addition to the ticket offices, baggage room, restaurant and waiting rooms, over two hun- dred rooms in which are located the general offices of the Company. Beyond the station proper is the mammoth train shed, extend- ing westward five hundred and ninety-eight feet, or more than the length of a city square. It is three hundred and four feet wide, and the glass and copper roof, one hundred and forty-seven feet above the track level, is supported by enormous single span trusses reach- ing from Market street to Filbert street. This gigantic shed covers sixteen tracks with their intervening platforms, and is the largest single span shed ever constructed. The station is ornamented within and- without with handsome panels of relief work, designed by Karl Bitter, the eminent sculptor of World's Fair fame. The trains reach the station on an elevated viaduct from West Philadelphia. All trains from Pittsburg and the West; Baltimore, 9 129 BH^r^n' »^^■' tt ir u r^^ . ^ti liKuAU STRKKl- STATION, PHILADELPHIA. Washington and the South; Buffalo and tlie North; New "i'ork and the East, and mi\ny of the express trains from the seasliore resorts,, including Atlantic City via the new Delaware River Bridge Route, are brought into this station. Four hundred and sixty-four trains arrive or depart from this station every week day, carrying an average of sixty thousand passengers. The station and train shed is lighted throughout by electricity, furnished by the company's own dynamos. The magnificent plant for this pm'pose, is located beneath the railroad at Sixteenth and Filbert streets. The seashore lines, of the Pennsylvania Railroad ha\'e their terminal at the foot of Market street, Philadelphia. An attractix'e new station has just been erected here, which is as equally well- adapted to its purpose as the imposing structure at Broad and Market streets. The new station is over tliree lumdred and twenty-seven feet long, and two stories j-iigh. Tiie front is tinisiied in highly orna- mented copper, with a projecting centre surmounted by a pictur- esque clock and tower. m OUADRUPLE TRACK TANKS. The entrance, ticket office and waiting-rooms are in tlie middle of the building. Two wagon-ways on each side lead to the lower bridges of the four ferry slips. These slips are built on the most approved pattern, and are known as "double slips," with great rub- ber bumpers between them to relieve the shock when boats strike. The ticket office for the present is located on the ground floor to the left of the main entrance, fronting on Delaware avenue. The waiting-room on the ground floor is just beyond. This is a commo- dious compartment, fifty feet wide and sixty-five feet long. The ferry slips are provided with upper and lower foot bridges for double- decked ferry boats, in all respects similar to the bridges and slips now in use at the ferry between the Jersey City Station and New York. '31 With these splendid terminals, thorou,uhl\- equipped and conve- niently located, the Pennsylvania Railroad has unparalleled facilities for reaching Gettysburg, Antietam, Chanceilors\-ille, Frederici!/ \U >!/ >l/ vV SI/ ^ \l/ >l» Manufactured by HOBERT KLEE, Philadelphia J vii' . . FOR SALE BY . ■ g|^ KEY WEST CIGAR CO. | 1A10 South Penn Square xl/ vft- J* /»> /ft /ft /ft /ft /ft /ft /ft fl> /ft /ft /ft /»> <»N /ft /»> fl> /»> * /ft 4^ /»> /»> /|> I /»s /»v /)> <»> /ft /ft /»s «> Makers of High-class Umbrellas... HIRSH & BROTHER 1307-1311 Market Street Philadelphia. Pa. iWunyon Welcomes the brave boys in blue who kept this nation united ; made possible our Spanish victory later on A FRIEND OF THE SOLDIER Munyon— through his doctors and remedies— has cured thousands of veterans of rheumatism, kidney troubles and other diseases con- tracted on the battle field In justice to the soldier anJ sailor, attd m the name of humanity, I Plead for a law which will secure for our Nation's Defenders the most etfisacious remedies that modern science can provide, utilising the best thought of all schools.— MUNYON. Veteran W. B. Ayeis, 62'2 Austin Ave., Chicago, fought all during the Civil War. He says, " My hardships resulted in after years in rheumatism, liidney and dropsy troubles. Munyon's Remedies ■ com- jiletly cured me." Soldier Eli Kisley, 1715 Howard St., Philadelphia, says, "Exposure while in the war was the cause, long after, of kidney and bladder trouble. Could get no relief until I used Munyon's Reme- dies." A Civil War hero, W. H. Suit. 3iy Mullett St , Detroit Michigan, says, " Rebel bul- lets spired me, but I he War left me with terrible rheuma- tic pains. Nothing benefitted me until I tried Munyon's Rheumatism Cure. Id one luontb the pains left me." Munyon's Remedies-^ 57 in number are the standard specifics of the world. A separate cure for each disease, mostly 25 cents a vial. Medical advice is absolutely free in Philadelphia, Boston, New York, Washington and Chic Mr. William Erindle, a Me.xican War Veteran, (jlou- cester City. X. .1.. says, " 1 cannot praise too liielily, Munyon's Remedies, they havedone much for me.'' For sale at all druggists ; at any of his offices located ago. Stahl & Straub Bankers and Brokers 507 CHESTNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA e^* e^* t^^ INVESTMENT SECURITIES A SPECIALTY Money Received on Deposit, Payable at Sight, and Interest Allowed on Daily Balances. Direct Communications with the Stock Exchanges of New York, lioston, Baltimore 8^° Quotations furnished for all active and inactive Secnr//ies"^8 PENN TRICAIV MONUMENT. Old Home of President James Madison u:'^--'!^m' i ■-a- liii' ''M''p .> .- N. b. Cor. Fourth and Walnut Streets Now occupied by The General Accident Assurance Corporation Ltd., of 5cotland MUIR & HAUQHTON, U. S. Managers \'isit this old landmark and buv best forms of Accident and Healtli Insurance G A R REAT is the electric light. Candles were good enough untl. the oil lamp came — then gas made the oil lamp flame look sickly. Prog- ress means betterment— and so the electric light came. To-day the world is lighted by electricity— for two reasons. First, it's better — second, its cheaper, when the amount of illumination is considered. GREAT many people think electric lighting is costly. It Isn't: you should know how to use it. that's all. Don't have fifty lights in a room where six are sufficient. Don't burn lights when you don't need them. Don't do a great many foolish things that will make your light bill larger. For we measure your electric light through a meter. You are only charged for what you use. ATES are moderate, and if our lines are in front of your house, it will take but five or six hours to make connection. 'Phone or write to our office, and a man will come and see you and tell you all you want to know— answer questions— straighten out details, and show you that this electric lighting in your house isn't half the complicated affair you thought it was. There's knowledge to be gained, and money to be saved. Drop the postal now. The Edison Electric Light Co. Telephone OF PHILADELPHIA. 10th AND SANSOM STS. INTERNATIONAL NAyiGATION COMPANY STEAMSHIP ST. PAUL AMERICAN LINE New York and Southampton Express Service to London and Paris, sailing every Wednesday, at lo a. m., from Pier 14, North River, New York, for Southamp- ton, and every Saturday from Southampton for New \''ork, calling at Cherbourg west bound only. Terminal facilities at New York and Southampton are most complete. PHILADELPHIA-QUEENSTOWN-LIVERPOOL SERVICE Sailing every Saturday from Pier 54, South Wharves, Philadelphia, for Liver- pool, and every Wednesday from Liverpool for Philadelphia. This service offers special inducements to Second Cabin Passengers. Steamers Haverford and Marion, 10,000 tons each, now building. RED STAR LINE New York and Antwerp Service. A short and most convenient route to Paris, the Rhine, vSwitzerland and other continental points. vSailing every Wechiesday at 12 noon from Pier 14, North River, New York, and every Saturday from Antwerp for New York direct. Steamers Zealand and Vaderland, 12,000 tons each, now building. INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION COMPANY ni'iJi'ipLl 1 ^"jTVSl?^^'^'^'^^^-*-^'^" ^^^ w-"' :^l!a* -5^*' ^ .r-^*'i^ PIERS 14 AND 15, NORTH RIVER, NEW YORK— AMERICAN AND RED STAR LINES *frN all its services the International Navigation Companj' endeavors to insure to its passengers, speed, safety, comfort, an excellent cuisine and polite attention. Drafts issued for all points in Great Britain and the continent. For schedules of sailings, rates, cabin plans, and all information apply to lonal Navi 305-307 Walnut Street, Philadelphia 73 Broadway. New York 143 La Salle Street, Chicago 1306 F Street, N. W.. Washington. D. C. 89 State Street, Boston Third and Pine Streets, St. Louis 30 Montgomery Street. San Francisco ii^.n ' Tl ft 1 J J-' • PENN MUTUAI, RUII.DING. I SUPPOSE YOU HAD BUT A MINUTE IN WHICH " Your life is uncertain. You cannot be sure of it a minute at a time. It is to be hoped you will have a long life ; but the same hope was entertained by those who died yesterday — many in vigorous health, with no greater probability of immediate death thc^n yourself. " How will it be with your family if you die suddenly or unex- pectedly, or after a prolonged illness ? What have they then to rely upon ? // your life is prolonged, if you yearly make considerable savings you will create an estate. May be. How many do ? " Life insurance creates an estate for you at once. You and yours are made sure. For all, except a very few, it is the only way. It rests upon scientific principles ; experience has demonstrated its stability ; even the wealthy employ it ! Some form of it is within your means. Better any than none. That plan is best which will protect your family and make your old age secure — if you attain it. Will you ? " # I TO SET FORTH THE DUTY OF LIFE INSURANCE | ^r. I AND INDUCE YOUR LISTENER TO APPLY FOR | ^^ I A POLICY, WHAT WOULD YOU SAY? I ^0/7 f w Better get full particulars for the asking. No importunity. ^f|^ w - % Penn Mutual Life 921-23-25 CHESTNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA I •^'.^i.^^.^1^1^ w 147 1860 1899 ^*^- OFFICE 4-19 WALNUT ST. PHILADELPHIA. CAPITAL, $300,000 ASSETS, January 1, 1899, .... 1,532,553 NET SURPLUS, - - - - - 251,368 ROBERT B. BEATH, President JOSEPH. L. CAVEN, Vice-President DENNIS J. SWEENY, Secretary WILLIAM G. WIBLE, Assistant Secretary DIRECTORS : Alfred Moore Attorney-at-Law Chas. M. Lukens Lukens & Montgomery, Real Estate HOLSTEIN DeHaven Conveyancer Henry B. Tener Sec'y and Treas. of The Mortgage Trust Co. of Pcnna. George B. Bonnell Trustee William Wood Manufacturer Jacob E. Ridgway President Quaker City National Bank James Caven Manufacturer Louis Wagner President Third National Bank THE BAILEY, BANKS & BIDDLE CO. DEALERS IN Insifrnia Stationery Badqres Artistic Silver Objects of Art Watches Glass MAKERS OF OFFICIAL INSIGNIA FOR Order Loyal Legrion Order Foreio-n Wars Colonial Dames Colonial Wars Sons of the Revolution Army of Santiago Society of the Cincinnati Spanish- American Wars TWELFTH AND CHESTNUT STREETS H. F. BacbERan & Co. ^(T jankers 119-121 S. Fifth St. Philadelphia 56 3roadway Mew Cjork Ovn Iluustdatet gcotvuE^ Sent on peQ^Esr" The only exclasive Sporting Goods House in Philadelphia Fire=Arms Fishing Tackle Bicycles Base=Ball Golf Tennis E(lw.K.Tryoii,Jr.&Co. 10 and 12 North Sixth Street Members of Phila. Stock Exchange Private Wire to New York .in.lii Bankers and Brokers... 117 S. Fifth St. Philadelphia ■Drexei Building E. UI. Clark 5 Co. jt BANKERS Bond^'' Stock Brokers i on SOUTH FOURTH i.J7 STREET PHILADELPHIA E. W. CLARK S. W. COLTON, JR. C. H. CLARK, JR. E. W. CLARK, JR. J. M. COLTON Dick Brothers &Co. Bankeie 435 Chestnut Street Philadelphia m = • ll •11 CITY HALL. 156 G. W. Edmonds TELEPHONE 3005 R. Y. Warner G. W. EDMONDS &. CO. Successors to WARNER. SHUSTER & CO., Limited Anthracite and Bituminous COAL Main Office, 1920 N. Ninth St. PHILADELPHIA YARDS: 1920-40 North Ninth Street, and Tasker Street Wharf I ncorporated 1832 Charter Perpetual The Fif eltisurance eottipany ^^O off he (Bounty OF PHILADELPHIA, No. no South Fourth St. Cash Capital Cash Assets Net Surplus $400,000.00 918,055.76 201,318.79 DIRECTORS R. V. Massey, Jr. Richapd Y. Cook Alexander M. Fox Chas. R. Peck Alfred F. Moore William W. Fitler Joseph Moore, Jr. Edwin H. Fitler. Jr. Joseph A. Bremer Edward I. Smith OFFICERS Chas. R. Peck, President Alfred F. Moore, Vice-President E. A. Law, Secretary and Treasure Incorporated 1854 Insure Against Loss or Damage by Fire with* TUB pieGlaniGS insorance OF PHILADELPHIA All claims promptly adjusted and PAID Simon J. Martin. President John A. Snyder, Secretary Chas. J. Gallagher, Vice-President Hon. Theodore F. Jenkins. Solicitor percy ]VI. Chandler . . . ^ ^ Stock and Bond Broker MEMSeR OF PHILADELPHIA STOCK EXCHANGE N. E. Cor. Fifth and Chestnut Streets PHILADELPHIA with the Right Ammunition Stetson Hats are Staunch and Sure — they've Superlative Merit that can't be dodo^ed. Standards for style; foremost for quality and wear. Sold by leading hatters everywhere. Visit our Retail Store while in Philadelphia. John B. Stetson Co. PHILADELPHIA Retail Store: i io8 Chestnut Street THEO. KITCHEN. Pres't THEO. L. DeBOW. Cashier WM. POST. Asst. Cashier REPORT OF THE CONDITION OF THE Central National Bank OF PHILADELPHIA AT THE CLOSE OF BUSINESS, APRIL 5th 1899 RESOURCES Loans, Discounts, and Investments .... .... $7,444,925 79 Exchanges for Clearing House ... 1,086,456 22 Due from Banks and Bankers 379.7^7 54 Cash and Reser\ e 3. 537. 002 01 $12,448,151 56 LIABILITIES Capital Stock $750,000 00 Surplus Fund and Undivided Profits, 1,881,222 58 Circulation 37.<>50 oo Deposits . 9,779,278 98 $12,448,151 56 DIRECTORS GEORGE M. TROUTMAN B. FRANK CLYDE ANDREW WHEELER THEODORE KITCHEN or Morris. l\'l.\cUr ir Co.. Iron .?;;,/ Stcd PrcfiJ.iil SAIV1UEL R. SHIPLEY LOUIS I. SMITH Prcsi.iciit of the ProviJciit Lite ami Triift Co. oi Clwlcs Smith ir Sons. Sj«*.t.> CHARLES SMITH GEORGE BURNHAM, JR. of Charles Smith ir Som. fi.i«A\)~ ,1/ BjlJ'uin h>co,ii,>ti\c Works T. WISTAR BROWN WILLIAM WOOD of John Farniim i- Co.. SUwiifactiirer.<. of William II mJ is- Co.. .\hiiiifuturer~ JOHN PITCAIRN PrciiJcnt of the Pittsburgh Pl.tte Glass Comf'jiiv HENRY DISSTON & SONS, Inc. PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. M ANUTACTURERS OF SAWS, FILES AND TOOLS OF SUPERIOR QUALITY AND UNSURPASSED WORKMANSHIP D. loo Our newest production of high-^rade hand saws. A perfectly proportioned, beau- tifully finished too' iiiiiilliiiill!»ili»^^ , ^ DISSTONS ADJUSTABLE HACK SAW FRAME— Oval Back. No. 4 SOLID AND INSERTED TOOTH CIRCULAR SAWS BEI/ELS TROWELS TRY SQUARES STEEL RULES SCREW DRIVERS PLUMB and LEVELS MORTISE GAUGES CABINET SCRAPERS CORN KNIVES HEDGE KNIVES CORN GRATERS CROUT CUTTERS SLAVi/ CUTTERS, ETC. u Vt^ L^'l, O .i ^ ^ "3 0) "^Sifc WEB SAWS HACK SAWS C\ BACK SAWS c COMPASS SAWS c KEYHOLE SAWS e^ BUTCHER SA WS e WOOD SAWS e GANG SAWS c^ MILL SAWS c> DRAG SAWS o CROSS-CUT SAWS r/ BAND SAWS -A- SAW SETS. ETC. nil £"0 MANUFACTURED FROM riLLu HARDENED. CORRECT L CRUCIBLE STEEL. CAREFULLY FORGED AND Y SHAPED TEETH. THE MOST DURABLE FILES ON THE MARKET. Chicago, ills. BRANCH houses: Louisville, Ky. New Orleans, La SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. WRITE FOR OUR PAMPHLET ON THE SAW • l6? BOSTON, Mass CHRIST CHURCH. Landreths' Seeds We have carried this Flag to every quarter of the Globe Our Catalogues are published in six languages— English, French. German, Dutch, Spanish, Swedish ^deislor Seeds and Implements from Wholesale Merchants, Retail Merchants, Market Gardeners, Private Gardeners, Farmers and Planters visiting Philadelphia are invited to call at our STORE, Cor. 10th and Market, the finest SEED STORE in the World. Our business was established in 17S4, and is thus of ii5}'ears' continuous existence. No other SEED HOUSE in America is at the same time so Ancient and so Young. Write for Catalogue. No order is too small. Address — D. LANDRETH & SONS Seed Farmers and Merchants PHILADELPHIA 165 STATUE OF BENJAMIN 1- RAN KLIN, TOST OFFICE I'LA/A. The Schley Sword Kxceptins the blad". all tliemelal work, incluiiing the soabbard. is ol ISkt. gold. Hilt and scabbard brill- iautly jeweled. The most valuahl,- presentation sword yet produced. AMONG the notable j\ works of a mili- tary or naval character executed by our house are : THE SCHLEY SWORD The Sterling Silver Service FOR THE U. S. BATTLESHIP IOWA THE CITY TROOP SERVICE in Sterling Silver The Sterling Silver Service FOR THE U. S. BATTLESHIP KENTUCKY {in proccii of making) Our special designs possess the highest degree of appropriateness and artistic merit. Immediate attention will he given requests for designs and estimates. J.E.Caldwell&Co. 902 Chestnut Street PHILADELPHIA Diamond Merchants Jewelers Importers of Art Objects Srii'ersniiths F. Gutekunst Established 1856 Has received the Highest Commen- dation for his Photographs of Distinguished Officers and Vet- erans in our Army and Navy These include Grant, Meade, W, F. Smith, Hancock, Rosecrans, Hartranft, Wagner. Watson, Schley, Philip, Sigsbee, hobson, etc. Studio, ri2 Arch St. I Branch, iroo N. Broad St. Chas. H. Bean &. Co. BANKERS AND BROKERS 116, 118 and 120 Custom House Place Drexel Building Members of the Philadelphia and New York Stock Exchanges Direct Private Wire Connections with New Y"rk. Chicago. Boston and Baltimore NEW YORK CORRESPONDENTS VAN EMBURGH 4 ATTERBURY i6g I o O ^ OJ ^ « iS "« C e « tL «o >» 4> cn i. v ^ , w ■^ 2 c 2 s Ul Q. 4-t o s » >, (0 > 3 h Z I •a c o 2( CD ^^ E 2 < Ul < z o t c« z « 3 E 2 2 u. '3 a h- C0 an d up The Five-dollar Graphophone affords all the wonders and pleasures of a high-priced talking machine. When accompanied by a recorder, this Graphophone can be used to make records. Price with recorder added, $7.50. The "Home Grand ^* Graphophone, price $J00, embodies the latest discoveries in sound reproduction. It repro- duces music or the human voice with all the volume and perfect quality of the original. WALK INTO OUR PARLOR 1032 CHESTNUT STREET, and hear all the wonders of the talking machine. Our establishment is the world's headquarters for talking machines and talking machine supplies. Columbia Pbono^rnpb Companv J 032 CHESTNUT STREET Pbiladclpbia, Pa. a m M store" R. R. KESTEVEN I Sole Proprietor) Fiqe Imported . . . and rs... N.E.Cor. Chestnut and JOth Sts. PHILADELPHIA, PA. Branch, 531 Main Street, Buffalo, N. Y. Eisenlohr's G REAT is the regret and greater still the annoyance and cost of a leak in the roof. -deen si NOITNETT kael eht erofeb de foor ruoY .srucco lanoisacco sdeen eht ,pu gfnihctaw .htlaew dna htlaeh ruoy sa emas A R AIN arely uins egularly epaired oofs. Gara. MgGinl ey e Ot r I 23 South 17" 5!. PhilaJe lphia ' vJ Roofers in Tin, Tile, Slate and Slag. Painting' Roofs. Spouting:, etc. Architectural Sheet Metal Workers. @^ ...Cigars For BALTIMORE l>:i.v ito:tl K.-ire. MI.OO. -Viultt KiKtl l-'ar*'. Nii.lto. l>a,v ICoal N-arev. T.:iO A. II. >iu:lit ICoal l«-a4«>*>. 5.00 l». .n. KxciirHioii Tifkel. eood lor 10 dayH. 82.25. Day Boat stops both ways at Lorwood Grove. Excursion, 50 cents. Delightful trip for Sunday Schools; arriving home early same evening; stopping both ways at Chester and New Castle. Steamers sail daily, except Sunday. Send for pamphlet and other information to P. >i. OKOVES, Agent, Pier 3, S. Wharves, above Chestnut St. Through tickets to Washington Norfolk, Rich- mond and South Also tickets to Baliimore and Washington, good to return by rail. 1825 THE 1899 PENNSYLVANIA FIRE Insurance Company INCORPORATED 1825 CHARTER PERPETUAL Office, 510 WALNUT STREET PHIIiADKLPHIA, PA. CAPITAL $400,000.00 •ASSETS $5,230,036.10 SURPLUS $2,300,163.37 DIRECTORS Kdwin N. Benson R. Dale Benson J. Tatnall Lea C. N. Weygandt Richard M. Cadwalader Effingham B. Morris John L. Thomson Charles E. Pugh Harrv F. West R. D.ALE BENSON, President JOHN L. THOMSON, Vice-President W. GARDNER CROWKLL, Secretary CHARLES W. MERRILL, Assistant Secretary WM. J. DAWSON, Sec'y Agency Department GEORGE TUCKER BISPHAM, Solicitor STANLEY G. FLAGG & CO. MALLEABLE IRON, GRAY IRON AND STEEL FOUNDRIES, FINISHING AND MACHINE SHOPS North 1 9th St.^ Pennsylvania Ave. and Hamilton St. Manufacturers of WROUGHT IRON AND STEEL PIPE MALLEABLE IRON, CAST IRON AND STEEL FITTINGS PHILADELPHIA. 183 IS53^S^i?m?;^A?PE~ Ghas.Roeseh&Sons I Drink SLAUGHTERERS AND PACKERS.. Beef, Pork, Lamb and Veal 834, 836, 838 N. Second Street Philadelphia Abattoir, ^ West Philadelphia ^^ Stock Yards Refrigerator. Philada. Market. 30th & Market Sts. .Telephone Connections. Dulci Cachous THEY AID DIGESTION J>^ PERFUME THE BREATH THEIR FLAVOR DELICIOUS Once tried you will never be without them SG. per packaye ^ For sale by Druggists, Confectioners, or at Hotel News Stands MANUFACTURED BY THE DULCI PERFUMERY CO. Philadelphia, U. S. A. Prospect Beer The Frenchman likes his native wine. The German drinks his glass of beer The Iri-shman his whiskey straight Because it gives him cheer, The Englishman his 'alf and 'alf Because it brings him dizziness, But the American has no choice at all — He drinks the whole d n business. Including Prospect Beer THE Prospect brewing Co. Eleventh and Oxford Sts. Boiiz, myiiiei & Go POPULAR SEGARS El Merito American Pearl Flor de Jefferson and... El Palencia SOLD BY ALL PROMINENT DEALERS 185 Dennett Surpassing Coffee Companv's QUICK LUNCH ROOMS NEW YORK BROOKLYN 25 PARK ROW, opposite Post OfTice 12 MYRTLE AVENUE, near City Hall 4 and 6 BEEKMAN ST., near Post Office 353 and 355 FULTON ST., near City Hall US and 145 NASSAU ST., Potter Building 30 LIBERTY ST., near the Great Bridge 21 and 23 ANN ST., near Broadway 195 FULTON ST., near the Great Bridge 109 NASSAU ST., near Ann Street 40 BROAD STREET. South of Wall Street 140 E. 14th ST., opposite Tammany Hall PHILADELPHIA BALTIMORE 13 S. NINTH ST., opposite Post Office 306 E. BALTIMORE ST., opposite Sun Building 529 CHESTNUT ST., opposite Independence Hall 308 W. BALTIMORE ST., near Eulaw Street 1309 MARKET ST., opposite Wanamaker's Popular Prices ^p^" Q^y °^^ %^^ ^^^^p* Sundays neatness aqil DespatcH S. S. SWAIM, General Manager Econom y in Buy ing Carpets and Rugg . . ^^^^ Is not to be counted so much by the price, but by the quality of the ma- terial used in the manufacture. This is our business, as Leaders in Phila- delphia's foremost industry, the manufacture of Carpets and Rugs, of all grades from the modest Ingrains to the finest Wiltons, and combined with our long experience as Retailers enables us to give best value at lowest prices. One of our special offerings : WILTON RUGS, 9x12 ft., $35.00 Ivins, Dietz & Magee Carpet Manufacturers and Retailers MILLS: I220 and 1222 Market Street Marshall, Lehigh Ave. and Seventh St. 187 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^i^i^^^:^^^^^^-^-^-^^^^^^^ T be Epterprise... food Cboppersi KJi'TINNED-.'i]*. Produce Fine, Medium or Coarse Par- * * Will Chop More and do Better Work than any * Chop Everything Edible :e Fine, Medium or Coar tides as may be desired 4S I <^^ All the leading Hardware and Housefurnishing ^ Stores sell them other Food Chopper THE PHOSPHOR-BRONZE BEARING PROLONGS THE LIFE OF THt MACHINE Descriptive Catalogue Free ^ \i> I The Enterprise Manufacturing Company of Pa. | * PHILADELPHIA, PA., U. S. A. * Other Tools are very good Tools, but — "YANKEE" TOOLS are better "YANKEE" RATCHET SCREW DRIVER, No. lO Sizes : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, :<, 10, 12 inches. "YANKEE" SPIRAL-RATCHET SCREW DRIVER, No. ;50 l>iives or takes out screws by pushing on handle, or by ratchet moTemeiit. Can be use.l as ri^id screw driTer at any part of its length. ''YANKEE" AUTOMATIC DRILL, .No. lO For boring w.>o.l for setting screws, biad?, nails, .to ; tliiig. Push injr on handle revolves drill. Each drill has ^ drill points in magiiziiie insi.le l.auilli-. " YANKEE " TOOLS are sold by leading dealers of Tools and Hardware ■■YANKEE" TOOL BOOK mailed free un aij/jluatiun tu NORTH BROS. MFG. CO., = PHILADELPHIA, PA. i8g GEO. L. HUBBARD ELON M. GUYN R. A. ZIMMERMAN Geo. K. Hubbard &, Co. Grocers dt HOMES AND INSTITUTIONS SUPPLIED BEST BRANDS FAMILY FLOUR A SPECIALTY No. 127 North Water Street Cabinet Brand Canned Goods Royal Arch Brand California Fruits Philadelphia, Pa When in town OFFICE and STORE 44 N. 5th St. call at our Show Rooms, 44 North Fifth St., and see our display of High- Grade Plumbing Goods FLECK BROS, m ^ LEAD WORKS and WAREHOUSE 1641-45 American St. manufacturers' club house. CD r GARRETT-BUCHANAN CO. • _ f MANUFACTURERS OF /^ I WRAPPING W^ BOOK PL BUILDING 1-^51 r>f^f*^ /VE-WS ^__ r ROOFING * C^I^V^l 4:^ WRITING R[ 3, 5 AND 12 DECATUR ST. PHILADELPHIA Qeorge /\_ p^uhn & Sons :!Bankcr6 «"^ Brokers BULLITT BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA Branch Office, 304 Land Title Building DELIVERED TO FAMILIES 30C. Per Quart THE Bassett Ice Cream Co. 504 MARKET STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA. RESTAURANT telephone 20-17 Special Arrangements for Churches, Lodges, Etc meals from 6 a. m to 7 p. m. 13 193 The Allison Manufacturing Co. PHILADELPHIA, PA. Charcoal Iron Lapwelded Boiler Tubes Wrought Iron Pipe vAr -^■'' RAILROAD FREIGHT CARS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION EXPORT WORK A SPECIALTY OLD MIFFLIN MANSION p. T. eHAM-DLE-R tyf.^7^ o, €^^7^^ y ^i^/3e4^ Member of Phila. Stock Exchange TV. E. Cor. ^tJi and CJiestniit Sts. PJiiladelphia «:i iDvestment Securiiies James H. Chapman SUITABLE FOR Trustees, Institutions, REPRESENTING and Private Investors FOR SALE BY Harvey Fisk & Sons GraIiam,KBrr&Go. New York BANKERS AND BOND DEALERS 489 CHeslqul Slreet, PjilLBDELPHIil United States Bonds MEMBERS OF PHILADELPHIA STOCK EXCHANGE A SPECIALTY Private wires to New York, Chicago, Boston and Providence. Correspondents of Redmond, Kerr & Co., New York. 421 CHESTNUT STREET PHILADELPHIA R. J. Hoffman President C. E. Boyd Sec''y&' Trras. Establish d 1858 208 S. 41hSt. GENERAL DgTRIBUTORS ADVERTISING MATTER Tnroughout fhe united SiatesiCanado. Comfilkr* of Li*^sof£^ll Oeecription" 'i he Largest and Best tqiiipped Plant in the States for this particular business. Addressing, Folding. Enclosing, Sealing, St; Wrapping. .". We compile sptcial lists to m requirements of any buMness. trade or profei the United States iind Canada. THE BEST AND MOST ECONOMICAL WIRE STITCHING MACHINES ARE New Jersey Wire Stitchers Send for Particulars J. L. SHOEMAKER & CO. Dealers in all BOOKBINDERS' MATERIALS Agents for KERATOL — Imitation Leather 15 SOUTH SIXTH STREET PHILADELPHIA The Mitchell Coal and Coke Co. Miners and Shippers of Bituminous Coals FURNACE AND FOUNDRY . . . COKE . . . GENERAL OFFICES 810 Uand Title Building NEW YORK OFFICE PHILADELPHIA 80 WALL STREET Telephone Connectio J AS. Z. DILLON Photographer 1017 CHESTNUT STRHHT Shakespeare Btiildiiisi PHIl.ADF.LPHIA 197 SPHCIAl. LINKS Buildings, Merchan- dise and Animals :'. Interiors and Groups by Elcetric Flash-liiibt Bromide Enlargements Half-tone Engravings Dei'eloping and Print- ill)! lor Amaleun .'. A. M. (Rollins I n)aKcr$ of all Kinds of I Cards and =§5 Manufacturing Company Cardboards 527 Arch Street PHILADELPHIA, PA. i for Printers i Lilbocjrapbcrs i Stationers and i Pboto^rapbcrs... B /llso manufacturers of I bi^b-^rade I Coated Book and i Coated Label m m Paper Why not send us all your Important Cleaning ? fl. F. BopDOt 2t Bpo. FRENCH SeooreFs ^^^ DyeFs 17th Street and Fairmount Avenue f 1555 Chestnut Street Branches < 1714 North Broad Street ' 106 South lolh Street Philadelphia WASHINGTON. D. C. WILMINGTON. DEL. Edniond W. Bureau Edouard S. Bureau Bureau Brothers Bronze Statuary Architectural Works Fountains. Railings, and Castings of Every Description Vault Doors Window Guards Lamp Posts Memorial and In- scription Tablets Estimati s Promptly Furnished S. W. Cor. 21st St. and Allegheny Ave. PHILADELPHIA ARCn.KOI.OGICAI. MUSEl'M. Now is your chance to buy from First Hands, finest IVevv^ Pro p Teas . . . Freshly Roasted Coffees AT ALL. PRICES Courtenay & Co's. Original and Genuine Worcestersiiire Sauce, reigns supreme all the world over. Standard Sugars of all grades at Refiner's Prices. SPECIAL INDUCEMENTS to Large Consumers, Boarding House Keepers, Restaurants, Hotels, Institutions, etc. The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Co. 1205 Market St., Philadelphia. Pa. ifaieDtine n. Smitii & Go. WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS DEALERS IN Paints, Oils, Window Glass, Drttg;- gists* Sundries, Patent Medicines, etc. IWANUFACTURERS OF Medicinal Fluid Extracts, Elixirs, and other Pharmaceutical Preparations Southwest Corner Second and Green Sts. Philadelphia AND OTHER IN. Stetson Sz Co. 1209 CHESTNUT SXREKX BETSY ROSS HOUSE-BIRTHPLACE OF THE STARS AND STRIPES. I t I i I i WARREN-EHRET COMPANY... Ehret^s Slag Actinolite Tile Roofios .... MANUFACTURERS OF . . . . ROOFING AND ^^j^ PAVING MATERIALS 1210 Land Title BIdg., Broad and Chestnut Sts. PHILADELPHIA NEW YORK, 241 Water St. BUFFALO, 262 Pearl St. SCRANTON, 32t Washington Ave. READING, 26 North Sixth:St. I i '^^^=<^' •^>:iE:S«- ^7=X=^' Stephens, Cooper & Co. Contractors and makers of the Avenue of Fame for 33d Encampment of Grand Army of the Republic, and for the Court of Honor of Philadelphia Peace Jubilee. Work furnished from special de= signs or stock as desired .... Modellers in clay, and workers in staff, plaster, cement, artificial marble, carved wood and carved stone OFFICE: laai'ARCH STREET SHOP: aSTH AND LANCASTER AVE. PHILADELPHIA Incorporated Established JS58 „e„ry Ruthrrford. Pr.u^.„t Chas. R. DiMKlore, S,-c'v DOUBLE LABEL F>RIINCE'S AlETAUUIC RaIINT Co. Sole Successors to the Original Miners and Manufacturers of Prince's Metallic Paint and Rutherford's Metallic Paint* 0Ifice--622 Diexel Bldg., PHliadelpHia, Pa. RXIfc^l=^fo^:»e;c^avrc^^ ...TELEPHONE 5759... Edward Mellor, President Francis Yarnali. Sec'yand Treas Jay Gates, Trust and Title Officer John C. Bockius, Re.-il Estate Officer iit» ^t, ^e» •SIS' •»«» "siir GERMANTOWN-' Capital, Full Paid, $300,000 Undivided Profits, $125,000 Real Estate, Deposit and TRUST COMPANY Titles Insured and Conveyancing done. Real Estate Bought, Sold and Rented. Rents and Incomes Col- lected. Acts as Executor, Trustee, etc. .'. .'. .'. .". Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Interest a/ hived on Deposits GAS FIXTURES Ait /^ GRILI^S ELECTRIC FIXTURES liM>%0^ ALTAR WORK INSULATING JOINTS 1^5^ 5) '^ TABLETS AmeriCQR Gas Tixture Worlis MANUFACTURERS 208 NORTH BROAD STREET • John f. Pole, Owner Philadelphia 205 CAPITAL, S350,000 ^s;., ASSETS, $1,245,000 SURPLUS, $683,000 J^, INSURANCE IN FORCE, $10,600,000 V/ ■ I Alost all I . Old Soldiers W. find their lives impaired, and tlierefore unable to secure the blessings afforded by ^ w safe and sound life insurance. Thev ^. I Deserve \» >»> N» a better fate, and our plans are so adjusted as to enable us to offer them ^ I Protection | i»/ on the Individual Merit System. For particulars, address SJ/ I THe SeGiiiily Tiusi and Lile Insuraiice Go. f «> ROBERT E. PATTISON, PRESIDENT 1 001 CH ESTN UT ST R E ET .l*- New York Salesroom, 828 Broadway 37 Temple Place. Boston, Mass. PARIS BERLIN BLUM BROTHERS Importers and Manufacturers of ill Mmt: 1007-9-11 Market Street Philadelphia The G. A.R. Camp at Belmont erected, and COTS supplied by D. C. HUMPHRYS j»^^^ Manufacturer of ^^^^ Mm, Tents, signs 1227 Market Street ^^>^ Flags, Banners, Decorations for every occasion ^ Canopies to hire for Weddings, Receptions, etc. .^^^^j^.^^,^ Ii'lcplionc 2o6 PENNSYLVANIA GALVANIZING COMPANY, Limited 2124 to 2132 Race Street, Philadelphia Established i85o. Frederick Chase, Chairman ; Joseph E. Straus, Treasurer ; J George Bucher, Secretary. Their Facilities for Handling the Largest Class of Work are tne best in the Country. /V\Ine Owners and Operators On the West Va. Central Sc Pittsburg "Ry Cumberland "Bituminous Coals Davis Cfke Davis Coal and Coke Company Philadelphia Office LAMt) TITLE BUIU'DI/M© Sole Agents for Elk Garden Cumberland Coal from the Big Vein of George's Qre^e.K f^ HOTEL % RESTAURANT IHi CLUB /ft $ STEAMBOAT /ft Jft M'o/?/r /»v ^^- ^^ ^ MERCANTILE \»/ Treasurer and Manager » STEAM LAUNDRY CO. f \«/ \f/ I 1306-8-10 Filbert St. | \»/ PHILADELPHIA, PA. Telephone ^2872 \\f vf/ C. A. WENDELL v»/ Established iSj DOLLARD & Co. KENNEDY CROSSAN 1223 Chestnut Street PHILADELPHIA Gentlemen's Hair Cutting Ladies' Hair Dressing . . . . . . Ladies' and Children's Hair Cutting . Manicures, Chiropodists . Facial Has- sage ... Rooms 710=711 LAND TITLE BUILDING Manufacturers of WIGS, TOUPEES, BRAIDS, ETC. Shell Goods Toilet Articles BROAD and CHESTNUT STREETS PHILADELPHIA ELEVATORS PHILADELPHIA SI/ MORSE, WILLIAMS &, CO. <•' ^^ €;€:$: €i^$:€:*«P $■$$•.§■€$$•$•$$!$■$!$$:$■§$$$• $i$:$:$!$:$$'$-$:$$:$:$:$:$:$$:$$$'$--^ 208 Vt/ /IS I I * ^ i ^i; United Gas ^ Improvement I I Company I I Washburn Crosby's "Gold Medal" Flour MAKES THE BEST BREAD FOR SALE EVERYWHERE Metal Edge Paper Write for ParticuUirs taiionaipietaiEiigeeoUo. 6f9, 621 and 623 Cherry Street PHILADELPHIA Mathias Seddinger. President SOMMERS N. Smith, Vice-Prest and Gen. Manager Wm. a. WlTHERUP, Secretary and Treasurer Y}|£ Established 1838 Neafie & Levy Ship and En§:ine Building Co. "penn works" IRON AND STEEL SHIP AND MARINE ENGINE BUILDERS Sole Makers of the well known Philadelphia Propeller Wheel BEACH AND PALMER STREETS PHILADELPHIA GEO. H. McNEELY M. G. PRICE JAS. H. A. BROOKS G. H. McNEELY & CO, MANUFACTURERS OF 20th Century Kid Office and Salesroom : 112-114 N. 4th St. Works: 25th Ward Telephone 3796 Cable Address :" CENTURYKID WIdebrook and A-B-C Codes Used Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.A Kepre_g i i J t X s I '^ )^iX I y i If 'i ' ' * » A > BELLEVUE WORSTED MILLS, BENJAMIN W. GREER, PROPRIETOR Wister Street, Qermantown Manufacturers of Women's Wear in Worsted, Mohair, Silk, and Cotton & John H. Bromlev Edward Bromley MANUFACTURERS OF SMYRNA CARPETS, SMYRNA RUGS; LACE, CHENILLE AND TAPESTRY CURTAINS, ^ .^^ ^ ^ ^ .^ TABLE COVERS, ETC. Lehigh Avenue, below Front Street, and Front, York and Jasper Streets, Black Horse Hotel 3SO=S4 INorth Second St. (Below Callowhill Street i Accommodations for Transient and Permanent Guests at-Reasonabfe Rates. Newly Fitted Bar stocked witli Choice Wines, Liquors and Cigars Phone 54=47 A. JOHN H. WEBER Proprietor Hotel *^ 257 and 259 N. 2d St., Philadelphia Good Accommodations Terms Moderate ^^^ First =class Bar Attached JOHN SMITH, Proprietor nnnnnnnnnnnnn Rudolpb ED. L. REIMANN ) ED. NAUMANN S 2\2-H S. 9th St. (Below Waluut) Philadelphia Proprietors mmmmm JOHN A. JEHLE, Prop. Rates, $t«25 per day, American Plan ^ed Lioi) ^otel AND SALOON S. W. Cor. 2d and Noble Streets Jt PHILADELPHIA London Glasgow New York Chicago Boston Baltimore E R. HAWKINS & CO. IMPORTING, COMMISSION AND JOBBING Cloth House A/O. 736 MARKET ST. S. E. Cor. of Eiglith St. PHILADELPHIA J. & Manufacturers of Heaters an^ Ranges 7(5/9 F/lbcTt St, Philadelphia D/iviD n^ri/inoN... .^^2i Contractor ...SEWER BUILDING AND STREET PAVING. Residence E. Cheltcn Ave. and Musgrove St. Telephone 9114 A ^ Post Office Building GERMANTOWN, PHILADELPHIA Telephone 9346 D We claim be the OLDEST HOUSE in the Hard- ware Business, with an unbroken history, in the United States, having records of supplies fur= nished to the Continental Armv in 1777. In our rear, and just opposite our Church Street entrance, is the historic Christ Church, which is well worth a visit. When you go there, we cordially in- vite you to come over and e.\amine our stock of Hardware and Cutlery, including material and tools for Builders', Machinists', Manufacturers' and Farmers' use. Our entrances are Nos. 211 and 213 Market Street, and [No. 202 Church Street, just oppo= site the Church. JAS. M. VANCE & CO. PHILADELPHIA B lay lock c7' Blyjui ^,^ Importers and Designers of <^^* Hats, Furs ^jpiiliinerij 824 and 826 Chestnut Street ^.?«^ PHILADELPHIA .•* Ji .< For Flowers *° ^^i^g"" Spring Plant Bulbs this Autumn Hvacinths, Tulips, Daffodils. Cro- cus, etc. Call or send for our Autumn Catalogue, it's FREE, and tells all about them ; also about Plants, Seeds and Sundries. HENRY A. DREER 714 Chestnut St.. Philadelphia CAPITAL, $200,000 SURPLUS, $375,000 W. A. COUCH, Proprietor ...The... Haliooal M 01 GeiaDiowD CrauJiord Hodse NO. 1518 MARKET STREET PHILADELPHIA Meals at all hours Rooms by day or week Oysters in every style Chas. W. Otto, President Canby S. Tyson. Vice-President and Cashier OPEN ALL NIGHT FIRST NATIONAL BANK GEO. PHILLER. President MORTON McMICHAEL. Jr.. Cashier KENTON WARNE. Asst. Cashier 315 CHESTNUT STREET HENRY M. LEWIS, President WM. H. GILBERT, Gen. Manager J.CLARENCE WHITE, Secretary SAMUEL T. JONES, Treasurer CABLE ADDRESS: WHITE. PHILADELPHIA Ttie 8. S. wnile Denial jOaniilacliirlng Go. Founded by Samuel S. White in 184-4- Incorporated in 1881 CHESTNUT STREET, CORNER TWELFTH PubUsher DENTAL COSMOS ...PHILADELPHIA EUGENE E. NICE TRIMBLE 272 & 274 S. 2d St. PHILADELPHIA WHISKEY Varnishes MANUFACTURER J^p^^^^ Paints Oils SOLE PROPRIETORS WHITE, HENTZ & CO. '^^'torection Brushes ESTABLISHED 1793 Gla ss Factory, Broad and Bigler streets PHILADELPHIA NEW YORK QiW delicacies served upon order ^^^^ ^ ^CCtCE Cecil:: i uf^ ^'!'f The largest $2.00 per day hotel in America. All latest hotel improveuieuts and conveniences. ^ One block from Penna. Depot and City Hall. One half block from Reading Ter- minal and B. & O. Station. nn YOII A^yVA7l^ That there is a well-tried and U\J #1/1/ nnurr scientific treatment f.ir tlie cure of all chronic diseases by the Inhalation of Coui|>ountmmmfflmmtimnwiK I Ask I for our™ \^ ILSHER Fnre 3 Wholesome 3 and 3 Nutritious 3 I ----' I I C Schmidt & S^iis i I BREWERS I I 127 Edwjird St. PHILADELPHIA | TIX or GREEN'S HOTEL. Green's •==Hofel EIGHTH and CHESTNUT STS. EUROPEAN-^. For Ladies »nd Gentlemen Tabic d'Holc Dinner, 50c. (from 12 in. to 8 p. m.) ORCHESTRA DURING LUNCH.^ 12.30 to 2 and 6 to 8 unJ 10 30 to 12 p. ID. Alahlon W. Newton, Sole Proprietor 5(1 ?" ' green's motel ROBERT CRAIG WM. P. CRAIG I W. H. P.per. [ohn H. Levvars Robert Craig & Son Florists IDcritorious Hcu) Plants Market and Forty-ninth Sts. PHILADELPHIA, PA. SPECIALTIES Roses, Palms, Ferns, Araucarias Ficus, Carnations, Crotons Telephone Cable Address— GIARC THE ORIGINAL SONMAN '^■^ Wliile Asli fiiluiiiioous COAL The Purest Fuel for Steam and Forging Use. Mined only by W. H. PIPER & CO. GENERAL OFFICE Betz Building:, Broad above Chestnut St. Pliiladelpliia Shipping Wharves — New York Harbor Philadelphia and Baltimore. Branch Office— 29 Broadway, New York. D. dkL. Hendrickson, Sales Agent. ^^*S^#i##ii#S^^#i^##^#^##^- Bu, CQ M e z «< o ri « C/) A. -J* « oc-: O (/) CO U ™ OCc^-tOOFZii o ^ Z C ~, Q ^ i^mi obligations. WMls receipted for and kept safely without charge. JOHN B. GEST. Pres dent, KOtiERT M. ^ COTT, Treasurer, GEORGE S. CLAKK, Safe Supt. CHARLES ATHERTON, Vice-Pre,ident. H. G )RDON McCOUCH, Secretary. ALEXANDER BURVES, Real Estate Officer. EDWARD W. CLARK WILLIAM H MERRICK, JOHN B. GEST CLEMENT A GRISCOM. THOMAS DOLAN, JOHN C. BULLITT, GEORGE PHILLER, RUDULPH ELLLS, AIE.KANDER ]. CASSATT CHARLES ATHERTON, HENRY W. RIDDLE. Cdestern )Vew Yorh and Pennsylvania Railway Company >URE! OEUCIOUS 1320 CHESTNUT ST. PHILADELPHIA. Large Variety of Fancy Boxess Baskets suitable for PRESENTS. CANDtES SENT EVERYWHERE BY MAIL OR EXPRES& MAIL ORDERS RECEIVE MOST CAREFUL AnENTIOM ^^^^ COCOA & CHOCOLATES IMEBWUIOfDRniUTYlFUVIlll MUtlllllll SIUB t RYUOCUS CVUIYWHUS. Josepn StrauDillBr's Telephone S, 2506 BREWERY and BOTTLING ESTABLISHMENT Trenton Ave., York, Emlen and Adams Sts. i1 TTTTT irrTFTTTI " Ulmer Doppel Stock Lager " A Cigar Fit For Heroes NAPOLEON. . . . 5c. STRAIGHT Correspondence Solicited C. L PARKE, Agent 936 Arch Street Geo. G. Geyer & Co.. Makers An agent wanted in every city and town. Correspondence Solicited A. L. Butz, Edw. D. Barrett F. A. Butz, 'Tresident Tremsurer Secretary A. L, Butz ♦ . .Cork Company OFFICE AND FaCTOH\ 829-31-33-34. and 35 N. THIRD St. Philadelphia Established and running nearly 50 years Headquarters : Gen. Ladner Post No. S, Lynn. Mass. HOTEL Girard... 62e-33 Girard /»ve. 1213 north Scvcntb'St. American and European Plan Ladies' and Gentlemen's Cafe Attached Newly Furnished. Steam Heat. Electric Lights and all modern conveniences. Henry Hess, George J. Miller, President Vice-Preiident B. F. Horan, Secretary Jacob J, Hitschler, Treasurer The Conslirners Br?u}ing Co. Lager Beer, Ale and Porter Brewery Departments John Koehm - - Dept. Mutual Brew'g Co. Depl. Spaeth & Hess - Dept Kxcelsinr Brewg Co. Depl. John 0. Miller Brew'g IJo., Depl. WeMe & Thomas Rrpw'ir Co. D.-pt. General offices BULLITT BUILDING Philadelphia Telephone 374 Jos. Gkiger, Pre.sident (i^ovij^ Keller Frank Baingo, Sec. & Treas. Brewers of Fine Lager Beer ;Vlso Bottlers Cor. 33d $ master $1$.. Pbila., Pa. VISIT. K^U^^' S ® ® ® Antique Stores 216-18-20-22 S. 9th Street They are filieJ with the finest collection i)f Antique Furniture, Silver, Sheffield, China and Brass Wares. Grandfather Clocks. You will spend an interesting hour of your time. Baker's Cod Liver Oil jfhi'tiP^"^^' q^ and easily borne by the md§t^ delicate stomach, if begun in small dose. Established over a half century and now better than ever. Bv presciibing Baker's Cod Liver Oil ^^^^flnilll A DllfCB AA nL"l J I I.' perfect satisfaction will be assured.... ilUHII Ui DflRtK wUi) rnil3Q6lpnl3 Michael O'Rourke Cotitractot: anb Builber FIDELITY MUTUAL BLDG. BRANCH OFFICE: 1107 Walnut St. PHILADELPHIA The Mosebach CATERING. RESTAURANTS. FINE BAKERY and CONFECTIONERY i2^g-4i Ciiard Avenue 18-20 North Eighth Street 120";- i2og North Thirteenth Street 160s North Broad Street The Laurel Hill Cemetery Situated on Ridge Ave. B«t^|f"34th PHILADELPHIA and 36tn Streets THE LAUREL HILL CEMETERY is the old- est suburban Cemetery in the United States, with the exception of Mt. Auburn in Boston. Founded in 1835, •' ^'^s long been famous among the places of interest in h'hiladelphia, for the natural beauty of its site and scenery (embel- lished by much skill and labor), the magnificence and variety of its monuments, and the names of the distinguished dead who lie buried within its walls. Occupying one of the most exquisite situations in the neighborhood of rhiladclphia, on the high and wooded bank of the Schuylkill River (adjoining East and opposite West Fair- mount Park), it is easily reached on foot, as well as by steamboat, trolley car, and carriage (via drives in East Park), and steam cars (via Penn- sylvania Railroad from Broad and Market Streets, to Ridge Avenue Station, a few squares from the Cemetery, and via Reading Railroad from depot Twelfth and Market Streets and Twenty-third and Chestnut Streets to station on the Cemetery ground). It is peculiarly and per- fectly protected from encroachments by its sur- roundings, hiving Ridge Avenue on the east, the river on the west, and the Park on the remaining sides. Benjamin W. Richards, Treasurer Telephone 13673 Offi ce. 45 S. 17th St. Lots can be obtained at the Cemetery or at Company's Office. The Laurel Hill Cemetery has no connection with any other Cemetery. Keystone Hotel.... EUROPEAN PLAN Located in the Centre of the City One minute from Broad St Station and Public Buildings. 3 minutes from Reading Terminal. Convenient to Business and all points of interest. 109 elegantly furnished rooms. Steam Heat. Electric Bells, Etc. .■. EDWARD L. SCROLL. Proprietor 1524 to 1542 MARKET STREET PHILADELPHIA You can rely upon Seeds, Bulbs and Garden Implements which you may purchase at MicheH's Seed Store 1018 MARKET ST,, PHILADELPHIA. Cheshire Chair Co. Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers in Chairs and Hurniture Warerooms : :201=3=S IN. 2cl St. Philadelphia, Pa. Factory, Keene, N. H. Ph. J, Lauber, 1861 C. H. Reisser, 1884 G. A. Soulas, 1895 Giistav A. Soulas Successor to Reisser's Restaurant Philadelphia's Origfinal Raths = Keller The Oldest Established Restaurant in Philadelphia J> J- J' J' II, 24 am 26 Souiii Fiiin Street Opposite the Bourse GANNON & COMPANY Agents for the Celebrated CLEVELAND BEER PUMPS . . . AND FAUCETS . . . Carbonic Beer Pumps, Bungs, Tubes, f- Boxes, Worl< Boards and Hand Pun1p^ Made by The Bishop li: Babcock Co. at Cleveland, Ohio 134 North Tenth Street Philadelphia, Pa. AIR OUTLET WATER REGULATOR UNION POS POST CARD-SRE^erjg^yffl ^WSA; (GRAKDE BRETACxKK.'Jip" IBLA?.'PK1 PS a. Ao*- ^i-r.^.^^*^ / ^i^I^Z^ i^. ^«^ We pleased Mr. Zan^will and we will try to please you. 270 S. 2d St., Philadelphia. E. GOLDENSKY, Photographer. g Standard Cab Co. 1420-28 So. Penn Square South Side of Public Bldgs. STANDS HOTEL BELLEVUE HOTEL LAFAYETTE Telephone 1=24-21 Orders by telephone or messenger services will re- ceive prompt attention Elegant Carriages, Coupes, Hansoms, Victorias, Tea Carts, Dog Carts, Tally-Ho Coaches, Buggies, etc., for Shopping, Weddings, Receptions and Pleas- ure Driving, to hire by the hour or trip. SAML. M. KAHN, Proprietor ....Long Distance Telephone Nye & Tredick 'IREftDlS!!! flANUFACTURERS OF Circular Knitting Machinery Plain and Automatic .-. .-. .-. Do you know what $2.50 per year will secure? Identification, Legal Advice, Weekly Indemnity for accidental injuries, $1000.00 Accident Insurance, and reiurn of lost keys, for which we pay re- ward. Active Agents wanted. Liberal Commission paid. If you want this for nothing send for particulars. Pliiyelptiia Ideotitf Registrf Companf 1510 and 1511 Land Title Building BINDER 31-3-5 8 ism SI. Bingiian House Siioii The best known and the most elegantly ap- pointed Barber Shops in the country .... No. 606 Arch Street PHILADELPHIA, PA., U.S.A. 13th Street above Chestnut VIENNA CAFE Binder BuiioioQ b/vse:ivke:nt The handsomest popular-price Caf6 in the City. Light lunch at popular prices. Oysters our specialty Van Horn ^ Son TELEPHONE No. 5842 CostumeFs and Armorers 121 N. MINTH ST., rHlLflBELrm/l, Ffl. Theatrical Costumes and Outfits for Stage Productions, Street Pageants and Carnivals. Designers of Floats, and Contractors for the Civic Day Parade, Philadelphia Peace Jubilee, and the Historical Pageant of the National Peace Jubilee, Washington, D. C. L. BAMBERGER & CO. PACKERS OP kti Lfif tTP AND IMPORTERS OF III Arch Street, Philadelphia W. A. HAUG Imported, Key West and Domestic Cigars No. 17 N. oth street PHILA, Tobacco and Smokers' Articles JEFFERIS GLASS WORKS 324 AND 326 BOURSE BUILDING PHILADELPHIA Manufacturers of high grade BOTTLES FOR Brewers, Bottlers. AND Patent Medicine Manufacturers factories I "'"^o"' "-" I ROCHESTER, PA, GOOD PICTURES create pretty thoughts. We've got hundreds of the prettiest subjects ever framed. And the framing is just as artistic as the picture. That's because we know how to do it. An Elegant Souvenir POINTS OF INTEREST IN PHILADELPHIA Only 25 Cents OTTO SCHEIBAL MANUFACTURER OF PICTURE FRAMES 16 N. Ninth St. Philadelphia H. & W. H. LEWIS, No. 238 Chestnut Street, PHILADELPHIA QiiTolton Hotel ^\^•< Arch Street Pllli;/\r>l:LPIIIA A pamphlet, map and Railroad Time-table is published by the Cemetery containing all required informa- tions. Rules, Regulations, Sizes and Prices of Lots. etc. They can be obtained upon application either at] the City Office or the Lemetery. Stephen Girard Building, Room 201, 12th and Girard Sts., Philadelphia. Pacemaker IN Printing HtXNtST TXPt PROPtR PftNCtS Quick Clever productions THE Jenson Press 38-40-42 So. 16th St., Phi lad a. GEORGE ESSLINGER k SON Brewers and Bottlers of Adonis and Columbian Export Beer AND PORTER Office, 417 North Tenth Street Brewery, 414 to 422 and 415 to 421 Rugan St. SP[CiALTY-HOT AlR-fU MANUFACTURED BY THOMAS, ROBERTS, STEVENSON CO. SOLD BY ALL DEALERS "THE GEM" Restaurant 4th and Market Streets PHILADELPHIA " piPst-Class in every pespeet " " Everything the best" •' Ppiees modepate " Special arrangfements made for the accommodation of visiting; strangfers and Grand Army men, during encampment week. esTABLisHED /gye tmmm RBnlOTiroR % te;/ ICE oS J^ECMANIGAL R EPRIGERATION , PlAA/S ANO £ST/M/tr£S '0/fA//S^£0 rO/t COL D O/VA fiO^Al Tr BAStS C.'FicES and Salesrooms ' — ^ 1433-35-37 MARSHALL ST Factory. 1432-34-36 n. sixths? Telephone 52646 f- B. atkins mgr. PHILADELPHIA General Electric Automobile Co. Makers of Electric Delivery Wagons Phaetons and Carriages Storage Batteries, etc. Office, 408 Bourse Building Factory, 4368 Main Street Manayunk, Philadelphia C. H. Vanfleet P,'BBOH Badges ' AND Banners. J. H. Vanfleet BADGE PLATE and JOB PRINTERS ifflli 132 South 8th St., Philadelphia I'adges for P.a'ls, Parties, etc., a specialty. Programs ami Invitations primed at short notice. Q. A. R. Work a Specialty. Antonio Roig:,Laiigs(lorf&: DuQuesncUd. Manufacturers of the celebrated ROIQ'J CIQAR5 FACTORY 3i7» 3'9 321 N. 7th Street, Phila. J. G. Brill Co. Philadelphia, U. S. A. Builders of Street and Siibiirban Cars, Electric, Cable, Trail or Motor v u X w ^^ of 1536 Columbia Ave. '■"''*'^- Havana cigars Phila. TREXLER Manufacturer of CIGARS TPHE LESTER MILK CO. •'• schondkr. Pr..,,. S. E. Cor. 15th and Race Street, Phila. 612 N. Fifth Street iporlers and Itoltlers of RHINK WINKS WOWARD C. BLAYNEY SALOON N. E. Cor. Fifth and Walnut Streets, Phila. "i^M. CURRY & BRO. Trunks and Leather (;o,.,l- 834 Chestnut Street, Phila. JACOB BUSCH Saloon 6 and 8 South Sixth Sireet, Phila. R OBERT PATTERSON & SON Phila. Sand Dbalrrs MAIN BELTING CO. 1233 Carpenter Street, Phila. G. ROUSE & CO., 413 Arch Street, CARRIAGE GOODS Philadelphia. D AVID R.BURNS STEAM FITTER AND 739 N. 19th St., Phila. PLUMBER. K NICKERBOCKER ICE CO S. W. Cor. Sixth and Arch Sts., Phila. w ILLIAM UNDERHILL 1415 Filbert Street, Phila. Restaurant rHEODORF, J. GOLDSCHMID & CO ALLEGHENY CHEMICAL WORKS, Phila. /AN DUSEN, BRO. & CO. COaL Stephen Girard Building, Phila. [AMES BARKER MACHINIST ' Second and Somerset Sts.. Phila. LCHOEN PRESSED STEEL CO y BETZ BUILDING, Phila. w ILLIAM SCMOLES & SON YARNS Second above Cambria Stieet, Phila. lOHN J. GRIFFIN & CO ( J 1S13 Race Street, Phila GAS METERS ELIZABETH VOLLMER BREWERY Randolph S: Jefrer>on Sts . Phila. J^ p. MATHIEU & CO., Manufacturers Surpass Kid. Capacity Unlimited. 126 N. Fourth Street, Office, 1719 N. Tenth St. Philadelphia. KESSLER WAGON WORKS, Manufacturers of all kinds of Wagons, Trucks, Etc. For City and Export Trade. E. Girard Ave. and Norris St., Philada. piRE ASSOCIATION of Philadelphia. Organized Sept. 1,1817. Incorporated March 27. 1820. Charter Perpetual. Capital, $500,000.00, Assets, $6,430,863.38. DYER BROTHERS, Successors to Sherman. Hatters, No. 1017 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. HOTEL VENDIG, European Plan, N. W. Cor. Market and Twelfth Sts., Philadelphia. R EADING TERMINAL Good MeaU at RESTAURANT, Reasonable Rates. Entrance from Waiting Room. Second Floor Reading Terminal. Choice Wines, Liquors and Cigars. G. A. Knoblauch. A. L. Millard, Long Distance Telephone. Chas. Ainge Principal. licensed and bonded Supt. STANDARD DETEtTIVE BUREAU, Main Office, 1413 Filbert Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Branch Office, 1212 Atlantic Ave. Atlantic City, N. J. I^ICHOLAS J. GRIFFIN, Successor to A. J. Gallagher & Son and The Hamilton Distilling Co., Fine Whiskies, Free and in Bond. 209 North Second Street, Philadelphia. fjARVEY D. NARRIGAN & CO., Cigars, Tobacco and Cigarettes, Wholesale, No. 617 Arch Street, Philadelphia. ■yyiLLIAM RYAN, (Established in 1858.) Manufacturing Optician. Spectacles and Eye Glasses Wholesale and Retail, Oculists' Prescriptions Carefully Filled. Salesroom, 124 S. Seventh St., (Between Chestnut and Walnut Sts ) Philadelph'a. ^lfred d. hoag Florist 30 S. Seventeenth Street, Philadelphia Cut Flowers a Specialty Long Distance Telephone, 14126 D gLECTRICAL SUPPLY AND TELE- PHONE COMPANY Electrical Contractors 1429 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. ^©"Motors, Fans, Fixtures and Annunciators gEISWANGER BROS. Pork Packers, Refiners of Pure Lard and Manufacturers of F"ine Sausages Office, Packing and Curing Establishment Lancaster Ave. and 41st St., W. Phila., Pa. \YM. H. WARNER & BRO. Established 1S23 . . .Medalists. . . 424 N. Ninth Street Philadelphia, Pa. Designs made and Estimates given for Dies and Medals BROWN & BAILEY CO. incorporated Peuua. Manufacturers of Patent Lock Tuck Folding Boxes Franklin and Willow Streets PHILADELPHIA . . .Telephone BERRY & CO., . . Brokers . . Stocks, Groin, Cotton and Provisions, Phone 304 Bourse Building, Direct Wires to New York and Chicago. Phila. W. H. & G. W. ALLEN, 'Xalers' in"'' Hardware, Cutlery and Guns, Nos 113 and 115 Marl