OUR PILCRIM FOREFATHERS F 68 .N42 Copy 1 ■ ,. .,'1 ,*.- f , ■.. . . , M.> "'V . mMk ^^ I ;j LOVE DAY A. NELSON SUGGESTIONS TO TEACHERS Take plenty of time. The first of November is none too soon to begin. Tell a little each day, showing but one picture at one lesson (ex- cepting pictures which are in some way closely related; as, for instance, the Comanche and the Arapahoe Indian Camps, which are but different views of everyday Indian life). When a point which can be illustrated has been made, show the picture. In getting out of the picture what she can for the children,, each teacher must use her own good judgment considering the grade and general intelligence of her class. After it has been handled to the best possible advantage, hang the picture low on the wall, where it will be convenient for the pupils to look at it at odd, times. , Wlien another has been intro- duced, hang it near. By the time the story is ended, the entire series will be on display. Encourage pupils to look at them before sessions, at intermissions, and at other chance times. They will do it; and without the. class restraint, will examine them together, and will give. the teacher opportunities to talk with them in small groups. In this way, te children may be led to form the beginning of worthy acquainjb- ances. When later and in other places they come across these same pictures, their faces will light up as at sight of old friends. After the story has been well told in parts, tell or read it as a whole at least once, — twice or thrice is better. ; As, in both content and vocabulary, there is much in the story that is new for ordinary public school little ones, it is more profitable for teachers, especially of the lowest primary grades, to use the time in repeating the story over and over, until the tale and the expressions have been caught, before demanding much oral reproduction in class. If the child is attracted, it will without conscious effort absorb, and more will come from the work than is in evidence in the schoolroom. .,^,. As to the pictures,— so that they are good copies, it matters not whence they come. Among those which I am using are some sent out with Sunday city papers, educational and other publica- tions, a few magazine illustrations, and the Perry pictures. Num- bers in this work refer to the Perry catalogue. Gray is a serviceable color, does no violence to the eyes, and brings out the tones well. For these reasons, gray cardboard makes a good mounting. OUR PILGRIM FOREFATHERS THANKSGIVING STUDIES BY LOVEDAY A. NELSON A. FLANAGAN COMPANY CHICAGO NEW YORK LIBRARY of CONGRESS Two Copies Keceived DEC 10 1904 iioDyriffni tntrv CUSS a XXc. Noi / l> ?6> /f COPY S. J Copyright, 1904 by A. Flanagan Company OUR PILGRIM FOREFATHERS THANKSGIVING STUDIES You often hear people talking of the President of our country. Doubtless most of you know him by name. Some of you may have seen him. You also know that once in every four years we have an election day, when papa votes for the man whom he thinks best for President. Then the one who gets the most votes becomes our President for four years. If this man makes a good President, he is some- times chosen again for another four years, or term, as we call it. But if he has not pleased the people, they choose some one else, anybody else, next election day. We never know who will be our next President until he is elected. One term he is a man from one part of the country; the next term he may be one from a far distant part. In our country we think that this way is best. It is not so in every country. In some countries, 3 4 OUR PILGRIM FOREFATHERS instead of a president there is a king, who expects to be king as long as he lives. At his death his son be- comes the king. If the king happens to be a good one, it is well for the country and for the people ; but if he chances to be a wicked, cruel one, the poor peo- ple have a sorry time as long as he lives. When Sunday comes, John goes with his mamma and papa to the Methodist Church. Perhaps Mary goes with her parents to the Baptist. Gretchen may prefer to go to the Lutheran Church, and Margaret to the Roman Catholic. In our country we think this quite right. We like to see people going to the church that helps them most. As it costs much money to build churches and pay the preachers, people must give money or there can be no churches. John may want to give his pennies to the Methodist Church or Sunday-school. Mary would rather give hers to the Baptist. Gretchen 's money is given to the Lutheran, and Margaret's to the Roman Catholic. In our country we think this, too, quite right. No one forces us to give money to any church. When we have any to give, we may do with it as we choose. THANKSGIVING STUDIES 5 Neither is this true in all countries. In some lands where there are kings instead of presidents, the kings have sometimes said that all the people must go to a certain church, and that they must pay that church money. Some of the kings have forbidden the people to have any other churches. Sometimes there have been people who loved an- other church w^hich they were unwilling to give up. Sometimes there have been kings who have put these people in prison and done other harsh things in try- ing to force them to worship God according to the king's will. We shall learn of some unhappy people who lived in a country ruled at times by just such hard-hearted kings. When we know of some of the troubles and great hardships through which they passed in try- ing to pray to God and serve him as they thought right, we shall surely love them and always remem- ber their noble deeds. These people lived far across the Atlantic Ocean, in a country called England, where the king and all the people speak the English language. We learned our English from them. OUR PILGRIM FOREFATHERS CHILDREN OF CHARLES I Look at the picture (Cliildren of Charles I.) of these three children with their pet dog. You can tell that the dog is their playfellow and that he loves them, by the way he has taken his place at their side, and by the loving, trustful manner in which he looks up into the face of the boy whose hand rests on his THANKSGIVING STUDIES 7 head. The baby (Baby Stuart), whose picture alone you often see, and whom you hear called ^^Baby Stuart," clasps a big red apple in his chubby hands. These things would make us think that these are ordinary children, just like you, with a love for fun and frolic, and an eye for bright things and a taste for goodies. Let us look at their clothes. This picture is a copy of a fine painting in rich colors. If we could go to the big gallery where the painting hangs, we should see that Mary, the sister, is dressed in beautiful white satin; Charles, the elder brother, has on an elegant scarlet gown ; while the dear little baby, James, wears a dainty blue gown. The quaint, rich dresses of stiff, costly goods, covered with fine needle-work, would convince us that these are not ordinary chil- dren. Indeed, they are the children of a great king. Charles and Mary and James lived three hundred years ago. Their grandfather had been King of England, and then their father was king. Next Charles ruled his country, and finally James. Their gi^andf ather was one of the kings who tried to force all of the people to go to one church and to give their money to no other. He forbade them to 8 OUK PILGRIM FOREFATHERS have a church of their own, and treated pretty roughly those who would not obey him. In one part of England there were a number of people who did not like the church of the king's choice, and were set on having one that suited their way of thinking. They had heard of another coun- try, just a little way across a small sea, where people might go to any church that they liked. So they left their good farms and fled from England to this other country, called Holland, the home of the Dutch^ Here everything seemed very strange to them. There were no high hills in Holland. The land was low, as the land sometimes is beside the creek or down by the pond. In some places it was so low that the sea came right up into some of the streets, and when the people wished to leave their houses they had to go down the street in row-boats. Of course, the little children in those houses could not go out to play, for there were no yards and the streets were full of water. * The people of Holland are called Dutch, but you must not confuse them with the Germans, whom some persons call Dutch by mistake. The people of Germany speak German, which is quite different from Dutch, the language of Holland. THANKSGIVING STUDIES 9 Most of you boys have sometimes made little dams, to dam up water along the ditch or slough. That is what these Dutch people did. They built dams (or dikes, as they called them) to keep the water off the land, so that they might have farms and cities. Now the English who had come to Holland, having left their farms and made new homes in a Dutch city, found themselves without a way to make a living. The Dutch neighbors all around them were great workers. They worked steadily, and they worked hard. The men all had some business or trade to keep them busy. The women were fine housekeepers and kept their houses clean and neat as a pin. They were all careful and saving, and had ways of using many things which some people throw away as use- less. When the English people had looked around, and saw how things were, they made up their minds that they must learn to work like the Dutch. Therefore, they learned to spin wool into thread and yarn, to weave cloth, to twist twine, to make rope, hats and pipes, to build houses of either brick or lumber, and to make tables, chairs and other pieces of furniture. 10 OUK PILGRIM FOREFATHERS These are only a few of the things that the English learned of the Dutch. The English children saw much to interest them in their queer new home. No doubt it seemed to them a funny, funny place, with its low houses with little window panes, its giant wind-mills scattered all around the country, its odd dog carts, and its comical little girls and boys. (1068. Girl with Cat.) This picture shows us that the little girls wore long dresses, and caps with curious ornaments on the sides of their heads. Like most of the people in that coun- try, this little maid wore wooden shoes. These she himg up in an orderly manner every night, and she always scrubbed them w^ell on Saturday. The Dutch children were very kind to the little English boys and girls, and, you may be sure, played with them whenever they had a chance. What do you think the stranger children learned from their new playmates ^ They soon learned to talk in Dutch, and to act like their Dutch comrades. The English fathers and mothers did not like that. They still loved England, and English ways, and the English language. Their love for their old home country made them grieve to see their children for- THANKSGIVIXG STUDIES 11 getting it. Therefore, they began to think of mov- ing again. They said to themselves: ^^We can not stay liere any longer. Before long our children and grandchildren will be like the Dutch. Our young men and young women will be marrying the Dutch. We must go somewhere else, where we can stay al- ways and still be Englishmen.'' Long before this, people had sailed across the At- lantic Ocean to this country which we now call Amer- ica. Those who stayed here wrote letters home, and those w^ho went back told their friends of this vast country, with miles and miles of good rich lands. They told of the great woods, of the high mountains and wide rivers, of the plentiful supply of wild ber- ries and nuts, and of the fish, wild ducks, rabbits, and deer that could be used for food. Only Indians had been living here up to that time. These red men wandered about from place to place, stopping when they pleased, now here, now there, wherever they could find plenty to eat for a time. When they came to a place where they wished to camp, they would cut some poles, stand them up, and cover them with skins to form tents. This picture of a Comanche Indian Camp (1343) shows how an 12 OUK PILGRIM FOREFATHERS Indian village looks. The Arapahoe Indian Camp (1342) gives a nearer view of one of the tents, and we can see how the skins are pieced together and stretched to make a covering. COMANCHE INDIAN CAMP In both pictures are shown some of the Indians themselves wrapped in their blankets. In the sec- ond picture at the opening of the tent we see a little Indian child with no blanket on. A short distance THANKSGIVING STUDIES 13 ARAPAHOE INDIAN CAMP away there is a fresh skin hung over a pole to dry. The English people in Holland had heard that in this great country there was plenty of room, with no cruel kings. They thought that if they could only get here they could build themselves houses, and have a church to suit them, and pray and live as they thought right. Every day they thought more and 14 OUK PILGEIM FOEEFATHERS more how much better it would be if they could come to this new country and have a home of their own. Although they did not have much money, they managed finally to get two ships in which to sail DEPARTURE OF THE PILGRIMS FROM DELFT HAVEN across the ocean to America. And here you see a picture of the Pilgrims, as these people have ever since been called, starting for their new home. (1331. C. Departure of the Pilgrims from Delft Haven, THANKSGIVING STUDIES 15 1620. Cope.) The quaint houses, row-boats, and great wind-mills give you an idea of what Holland is like. Lying in the harbor is one of the waiting ships. Because the water is not deep enough, she can not come close to the shore ; so a row-boat must take the people out to her. A boat full is now ready to be pushed off. All can not go this time. Some must stay in Hol- land. The people on the shore have brought their dear Bible with them and at this moment are kneel- ing in prayer, doubtless asking God to care for their friends and relatives and lead them safely across the deep waters. In the picture called ^^Embarkation of the Pil- grims" (1331. Weir) we see that the Pilgrims now aboard, starting off, also have the Bible with them, and that there are prayers upon their lips as they leave the people who have been so kind to them and the little country that has given them a quiet home so long. After they had started out the Pilgrims found that one of their ships, called the Speedwell, was not strong enough for so long and dangerous a voyage. They sailed into an English harbor, and tried to have 16 OUE PILGRIM FOKEFATHERS »..^..: .. . / JTi 24 wB^mMA i ^''^k f f '"■-