F 158 .5 .R82 Copy 1 &yjL PHILADELPHIA The Birthplace of the Nation The Pivot of Industry The City of Homes PUBLISHED BY SHELDEN COMPANY, Inc. PHILADELPHIA 1904 n^8 .5- Copyright 1904 by SHELDEN COMPANY, Inc. PHILADELPHIA m a '9'9 INTRODUCTORY I T IS NOT designed in this work to present the story of the settlement, growth and development of Philadelphia in the past. We deal only with the great municipality "if to-day and with that which is now actually present. In the brief historical sketches of places and buildings which tollow this introduction only those relics are considered that have been spared by the wave of progress to the city of to-day, because of the hallowed associations which connect them with our Provincial and Revolutionary fathers. Of these sacred memorials of the past we as a community are justly proud. It is fitting, however, in a few words to group those things for which Philadelphia is prominent in the history of the State, nation and the world. She is the eldest of the trio of great cities of modern times that were named and platted before their birth, St. Petersburg and Washington being the others in the order in which they are here mentioned. Here Penn dedicated in the plan of his "Green Country Towne" the first public park in the new world; here in 1688 the first protest against human slavery was proclaimed; in 1690 the first paper mill in America was established; in 1698 the first public school for the free education of the poor was founded; here in 1706 the First Presbytery in North America assembled; here in 1729 Ralph Sandeford published the first treatise in the world denouncing slavery; here in 1730 Thomas Godfrey invented the mariner's quadrant, and here in 1731 Franklin and others established the first circulating library in the American Colonies. In 1732 the first hospital and in 1736 the first volunteer fire companv in the new world were organized in this City. Christopher Sower, in 1740, published the first Bible in America printed in a European language; in 1748 the first institute for promoting scientific research was founded, and in 1744 Logan's translation of Cicero's Di Senectute was printed by Franklin and by him declared to be the first translation of a classical work printed in America. That in 1751 was followed by Sower's issue of the first religious magazine in America. The same year the first hospital "for the relief of the sick and suffering" was chartered in Philadelphia. Here in 1752 the first fire insurance company was incorporated, and here, June 15 of that year, Franklin demonstrated that lightning was electricity, and the September following placed on his own residence at the southeast corner of Race and Second Streets the first lightning rod ever erected in the world. In 1758 the first Arctic Expedition in all history was dispatched from Philadelphia under the command of Captain Charles Swain to search for the Northwest passage, fitted out wholly at the expense of Philadelphians. Here in 1764 Dr. William Shippen founded the first medical school in the new world, and in this City in 1768 was organized the first medical sixiety in the Colonies. The first Methodist Conference in America met in Philadelphia in 1773, and the same year Oliver Evans, on the Schuylkill, made the first experiment in the world in propelling boats with steam, and here in 1775 John Behrent made the first piano in America. Philadelphia was the storm center of the Revolution. Within a circle of forty miles much of the history of that struggle was made. From the tower of the Public Buildings the naked eye can include the battlefields of Brandywine, Paoli, Germantown, Whitemarsh, Crooked Billet, Trenton, Princeton, Red Bank and Fori Mifi^lin. At the spectator's feet lies Carpenters' Hall, where the first Congress called to resist British encroachment on the rights of the Colonies assembled; Independence Hall, where Washington received his commission as General of the Continental Army, and where the Declaration of Independence was adopted, and after the War, where the Constitution of the United States was framed; Betsy Ross's house, where the American flag was born, and \'alley Forge, where, suffering for food and raiment, the Continental Army lay that dreary winter of \777-7S, when that band upheld the destinies of the nation, for had there been no Valley Forge there would have been no United States to-day. Here Washinglon made his farewell address to the people of the country he was instrumental in founding. In this city Roberi Morris carried the burden of providing the means for the Revolution, as Girard, in 1814, personally subscribed millions to the Federal loan when the United States had utterly failed to raise money to carry on the war with England, and it was Jay Cooke, a Philadelphian, who, during the Great Civil War, found for the North the means to bring that struggle to a successful ending. The Assembly sitting in Philadelphia in 1780 was the first of all the States to enact laws abolishing slavery, and here in 1781 Robert Atkins printed the first English Bible published in America. Here in 1784 the first daily newspaper. Ihe "Pennsylvania Packet or General Advertiser," was issued; the same year the lirst Episccipal Church Ctmvention in the United States was assembled, and on July 4 the first Society for the Promotion of Agriculture met. Here in 1786 John Fitch made the first successful steamboat experiment in all the world, and the same year the first free Dispensary in America was established. The first Sunday-school Society was organized here in 17')i, and the next vear the first macadamized turnpike in America was laid. The first society to promote the fine arts was founded here in 1794, and in 17'''8 the first bridge erected in the world with regular masonry piers in deep water was built over the Schuylkill and known as the "Permanent Bridge." In 1799 the City constructed the tirst water-works in the Union, and in 1800 the Methodist General Book Concern was founded here, in 1804 Oliver Evans here made the first land carriage in the world propelled by steam. It was in Philadelphia where Congress enacted laws permanently establishing the Army, Navy, coinage and postal service of the Nation. In 1827 there was built in this City "Ironsides," the first locomotive erected in the new world. In November, 1839 the first photograph of a human face by the Daguerrian process in the world was made in Philadelphia by Robert Cornelius. OLD PHILADELPHIA BY HENRY GRAHAM ASHMEAD, ESQ. LIBERTY' BELL became the property of the City in 1818 by purchase fmm ihe State of Pennsylvania. It is modeled after the "Great Tom of Westminster," cast early in the thirteenth centnry in memory of Edward the Confessor. It is twelve feet in circumference around the lip, seven feet six inches around the crown, and in height about four feet. The clapper is three feet in lens;lh. The total weight (if the bell is 2o8u poLinds. In a line circling the crown is the sentence, cast in raised letters, "Proclaim liberty throughout all the Land unto all the Inhabitants thereof. Lev. x.xv: v x." Immediately beneath is a line, "By Order of the Assembly of the Province of Pennsylvania for the State House in Philada." In a line below, "Pass and Stow," the names of the founders, and below that, "Philada.," and still in a lower line the Roman numerals, "MDCCLIII." The bell, originally cast by Thomas Lester, of London, was hung in August, 1752. It was cracked early in September following, and was recast by Pass and Stow in this City. The old metal was used, but to every pound an ounce and a half of copper was added to make the bell less brittle. It was hung April 17, 1753. It rung May 17, 1755, when the Assembly announced to George 11 that "they would not make laws by dictation" of the Crown; it announced Franklin's departure for England February 3, 1757, and again when he went abroad, October 26, 1764. It tolled at the funeral of General Forbes, March 14, 1759, and rung September 9, 1765, when the Assembly was considering the calling of a Continental Congress, and muffled it tolled October 5, 1765, when the "Royal Charlotte" reached the City witli the hated stamps aboard, and when the Stamp Act went into ettect, October 3 1 of that year, it tolled the Knell of Liberty the whole day long. On April 25, 1768, it called the people to protest against the Act forbidding the manufacture of steel and iron in the provinces, and on July 3u it called the meeting in protest of the course of the Crown of England which had reduced "the people here to the level of slaves." December 29, 1773, it called the people to take action in the case of the tea ship "Polly," and on June 1, 1774, "muffled and tolled," it announced the closing of the port of Boston. April 25, 1775, it called the people to harken to the news from Lexington and to pledge themselves to the cause of Liberty. On Monday, Jul}' 8, 1776, at noon, it proclaimed the Declaration of Independence; on October 24, 1781, it announced the surrender of Cornwallis and joyfully, .April 16, 1783, proclaimed peace. December 26, 1799, it tolled during Washington's funeral in Philadelphia. In 1824 it welcomed Lafayette; in 1826 it proclaimed the semi-centennial of Independence and twenty days thereafter tolled for the death of Jeflerson and of John Adams. In 1832 it announced the centennial of Washington's birth and July 8, 1835, while tolling for the death of Chief Justice Marshall, it cracked and ever afterward was mute. September 18, 1777, under an escort of Virginia and North Carolina troops, it was taken to Allentown, where it was received in Zion Church. June 27, 1778, it was rehung in the State House. January 23, 1885, it left Philadelphia for the New Orleans Exposition, and WM. PENN COTTAGE while on ils jmiiney thither halted at Beauvoir, the home of Jefi'erson Davis, who rose from his sick bed to view the sacred relic. On April 25, IS*^',^, it left Philadelphia for the Columbian Exposition at Chicago, and October 4, 1895, for the Atlanta Exposition. January 6, 1902, it left for the Charleston Exposition, and June 15, l9o3, for Boston, "Bunker Hill Day," and June 3, 1904, it left for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis. PENN COTTAGE, or Letitia House, now in Fairmount Park, is unquestionably the oldest historic building in Philadelphia. In 1882 the original structure was taken down and re-erected in the new location, identically as it was when used by William Penn, after its completion in 1683. Originally it stood alm(.>st midway of a lot extending trom Market Street to Black Horse Alley and from Front to Second Street. Penn gave much care to the surrounding grounds, which were well kept and abounded in shade and fruit trees and flowering shrubbery. In that dwelling Penn probably resided about a year, until in the summer of 1684 it was necessary for him to return to England. During his occupancy the cottage was the executive office and capital of the province. Here the Governor's Council held their meetings and the Executive Official transacted business with the public. Penn in 1684 spoke of the house as too small for the uses to which it was put, yet for nearly fifteen years after that time it was practically the. capital building of the Colony. On his second visit he conveyed the dwelling and grounds to his daughter, Letitia, after which it was spoken of as " The Letitia House." She detested the rough life in the new world and longed for the luxuries of England. Subsequently she offered it for sale, and William Eastman became the purchaser. Towards the end of the eighteenth century it was the "Rising Sun Inn," and later "The Woolsack." Finally its surroundings were of such a character that they overshadowed its historic associations, and it was not until the approach of the Bi-centennial of Penn's Landing that public interest was awakened in the old structure, which resulted in the renn^val to its present location. The tradition that the bricks came from England is unworthy of consideration. When it was built bricks made in Philadelphia were selling at six shillings a thousand. Every manufactured article used in the province was made in England, and goods paying large freight charges had to wait opportunity for shipment here. There were no return cargoes. People of old times were in their day good business men, and to ship bricks to America would have bankrupted every person who embarked in such a foolish speculation, at a period when not one vessel in a hundred could have brought fifty thousand bricks in ballast and would not have realized one hundred dollars on the adventure. INDEPENDENCE HALL. Prior to 1729 the Assembly of the Province had its sessions in the Governor's dwelling or in private houses rented for its use. Early in the year an Act was approved looking to the erection of a public building, but it was not until more than three years later that plans were submitted to and approved by the Legislature. On September 15, 1735, the building was still unfinished, but the apartment afterwards Independence Chamber was so far advanced that the Assembly met in that room on that date. The Province was cramped for funds, hence it \v:is not until 1750 that the building was practically complete. Across the wide corridor trom hukpendence Chamber was the Supreme Provincial Court Room, where between the west end windows and over the Judges' bench hung the arms of Great Britain, carved in wood, which, on the afternoon of July 8, 1776, were wrenched from the walls and burned. In that room July 18, 1776, the first State (Constitutional Convention assembled, and there from 1778 to 1790 the State Assembly met. On the second floor facing Chestnut Street was the banqueting hall, an important pb,ce in Colonial days. There in September, 1774, the City entertained the delegates to the Continental Congress. At the southeast end was the office of the Clerk of the Assembly, and to the southwest the Governor's Council Chamber. The whole second floor after the battle of Germantown was used by the British as a hospital for American soldiers. On April 11, 1790, the State Capital was practically located at Harrisburg. In 1802 the Assembly gave Peale the use of the building for a museum. In 1818 the (jty purchased the square and buildings; in 1828 the wooden steeple was erected to replace that taken down in 1780, and in 1830 the clock was placed therein. About that time the Federal Government leased the second floor to the United States for a court room and Marshall's oliice. The first was located in the western end of the building. A peculiar incident is associated with the case of James Moran, convicted for murder on the high seas, in that court in 1837. Pennsylvania had abolished public executions in 1834, yet Moran was hanged publicly near Bush Hill May 19, 1837, in the presence of fifteen thousand people. That was the last public execution under Federal laws. In that court room November 24, 1851, was tried Caspar Hanway for treason against the United States growing out of the Christiana riots of that year, which was the actual lieginning of the conflict which culminated a decade later in the Civil War. In 1854, after consolidation, the City Councils met on the second floor of the Hall, the last meeting of thuse bodies occurring March 7, 1895, when they removed to the new public buildings. INDEPENDENCE CHAMBER is the most precious relic associated with the history of the United States, for in that apartment on July 4, 1776, our nation had its actual birth. The room when tirst completed, September 15, 1735, was occupied by the Cjilonial Assembly, of which body Andrew Hamilton, builder of the State House, was Speaker. Much of interest associated with the Provincial period is associated with that room. On May 10, 1775, the Continental Congress met for the first time in the Hall, and a month thereafter in that room, on June 10, Washington accepted from Congress the appointment of General of the Continental Army. A year later, July 4, 1776, the independence of the Colonies from Great Britain was declared in that hall, and then from time to time, for nearly three months, members of Congress attached their signatures to that doCLiment, hence there are many classed among the illustrious fifty-six men who were not members of Congress when that great charter of liberty was adopted, '{'here on July 9, 1778, the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union between the States were adopted and signed; there on November 3, 1781, twenty-four standards captured at Yorktown were laid at the feet of Congress and the Ambassador of France who was present, representing Louis XVI; there on September 17, 1787, the Constitution of the United States was adopted and signed, Washington sitting as President of the Convention; there on Tuesday, September 29, 1824, the City authorities received Lafayette, "the nation's guest," and there February 22, 1861, Washington's birthday, Abraham Lincoln entered the sacred hall for the first time, and in that period of general unrest raised the American flag upon the old building within whose walls the nation had its birth. The room in the main is as it was when the Declaration was adopted; the chandelier imported from France in 1735, OLD HALL remains where it has hung almost two centuries; the Colonial OF CONGRESS , . , , , Speaker's chair, which Hancock occupied July 4, 1776; the Speaker's table, on which the Declaration of Independence was signed; the silver inkstand used on that occasion and many of the chairs in which the delegates sat are still preserved in Independence Chamber. Here in October, 178'-i, the f]rst general convention of the Episcopal Church in the United States convened and the House of Bishops was organized, and on November 24, 1789, the second State Constitutional ("onvention met. In the year 1802 the Chamber was fitted up for the use of the Supreme Court of the State. CARPENTERS' HALL, hemmed in and reached by a narrow passageway, still remains one of the sacred relics of Philadelphia, associated with the birth of the nation. The Carpenters" Company, restricted to master carpenters, was organized in 1724, to foster the science of architecture, for mutual aid and to assist the widows and orphans of its members. The house was built in 1771 and occupied early in the following year, although not fully completed until 1792. For seventeen years the Philadelphia Library Company occupied the second stoiy, and it was in that use \\-hen the Committee of Correspondence met in the Hall July 15, 1774, to act in relation to the Boston Port Bill, then an absorbing topic in the minds of the Colonists. September 15 following, the First Continental Congress, with eleven Provinces represented, met there. The scene of the prayer on that occasion 1\\' Rev. Jacob Duche' has been made the subject of the artist's brush. On January 28, 1775, the Second Provincial Congress met in the building, and later the Hall and cellar were used by the Colonial Government for Ouartermaster's office and storehouse, a use which the British continued in 1777, — • ON THIS SITE •»- ORIGINALLY STOOD THE DWELLING IN WHICH THOMAS JEFFERSON DRAFTED THE DECLARATION or INDEPENDENCE, WHICH WAS ADOPTED BY THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, IN THIS CITY, JULY 4. 1776. except that they alsD Lised tlie second story as a hospital. In 1779 General Knox had the Quartermaster's Department in the Hall and a storehouse in the cellar. The first bank of the United States began business there in 1791, followed in 1797 by the Land Office of Pennsylvania, and the next year by the Bank of Pennsylvania. While there that institution, on the morning- of Sunday, September 1, 1798, was robbed of over $l6o,000 by its porter and a confederate. Patrick Lyons, a noted blacksmith, who had made the vault doors and locks, was arrested on suspicion, was imprisoned fur three months when his innocence was established and he was discharged. He subsequently recovered $90uo for his illegal arrest. The case is one of the noted trials of Pennsylvania. Later the United States used the building for fourteen years as a Custom House, and subsequently it had various occupants. A tablet at the Hall erroneously states that the Federal Consti- tutional Convention assembled there. The Hall is now preserved merely as a historical landmark. CONGRESS HALL at Sixth and Chestnut streets, stands upon ground presented to the City in 1735 by Andrew Hamilton, for the erection of a County Court House. This building was begun in 1787 and completed in 1789, and still unfinished, was offered to the United States, together with the State House and the Mayor's office, provided Philadelphia was designated as the temporal Federal capital. July following the tender was accepted. The building was at (ince remodeled for the use of the Senate and the House of Representatives. On December 6, 1790, the third session of Congress was lield here, and on the 4th of March, 17'-)3, \Vashington was inaugurated President in the Senate Chamber. Here in the House of Representatives on March 4, 1797, John Adams was inaugurated the second President. In that building the laws creating a permanent army and nav_\- weve enacted, the coinage of the nation defined and a mint provided, the United States Bank chartered, the States of N'ernnint, Kentucky and Tennessee admitted to the Union and the postal service permanentl_\- . established. Here the Jay treaty was confirmed, and Fisher Ames in advocating that measure made what is said to be the greatest speech ever delivered in Congress. Here the treaty with Spain opening the Mississippi River to our commerce was ratified, and here occurred the first personal encounter in the history of Congress. '"""' ^ ■ ^- '^'^'' Here Congress received the news of the death of Washington, and here Lee described him as "first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen." The last session in this building convened December 2, 1799, and adjourned May 14, l8uo. The City afterwards made many changes in fitting it tor the use of the courts which sat here until September 16, 1895, when they were removed to the new C^ity Hall. In recent years Old Congress Hall has been restored to its original plans when occupied by the two houses of the Federal Legislature. UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT. Andrew Hamilton, December 2u, 1735, conveyed to trustees for the use of the corporation the lot at the southwest corner of Fifth and Chestnut Streets upon which to erect a building for the sittings of the City Courts. In 1775, forty years later, the plans were approved, but it was not until 1789 that actual work was begun. In aid ui the project the Assembly OLD KKIUEK Gl'N SHOP legalized a lottery to provide the necessary funds. The building was finished in the summer of 1701. '|"he seat of the Federal (jovernment having been transferred from New York to Philadelphia the lower part of the structure was hastily prepared for the use of the United States Supreme Court, which met there February 7, 1791, Chief Justice John Jay presiding. In 1794 he was appointed spe:ial envoy to England, where he negotiated the noted treaty which bears his name. During this interval .Associate Justice John Kutledge acted in his stead, and when Jay resigned, in 1795, to accept the Governorship of New >ork in July of that year, Rutledge was appointed Chief Justice in the recess of (Congress, but on December 15 the Senate rejected his nomination, and on January 27, 1796, Oliver Ellsworth, a Senator from Connecticut, was nominated confirmed. The Federal met there for the last time in fever Committee in the fall Common and Select Councils 1791 until 1854, when con- lo meet in the State House. District Courts of the United otlice was here from 179i occupied the office in the new two circumstances associated North Seventh Street which among the historical struc- upnn which it stands was the the United States after the ment, and the building was of the United States was gress, on March 1, 1791, a mint in Philadelphia; on .Act establishing the mint 1792, the corner stone was the astronomer, who, on appointed b\' Washington as structure was a three storied and immediately Supreme Court April, 1800. Here the yellow of 1793 held their meetings, occupied the upper floor from solidation compelled them For a time the Circuit and States met here. The Mayor's to 1889, when Mayor Fitler Public Buildings. There are with the old building No. 32 entitles it to consideration tures of the City. The ground first real estate acquired b\- formation of the Govern- the first mint in which money coined. By resolution Con- directed the construction of the 2d of April, 1792, the was approved, and July 31, laid by David Rittenhouse, April 14, 1792, had been Director of the mint. The brick building with a central doorway leading to a hall, with offices on either side, which ran to a building in the rear where the coinage and melting rooms were located. Two months were consumed in the construction and outfitting of the mint. Six pounds of old copper were purchased, and on October 1 , 1 792 the first cent and half cent were coined. By March l, 1793, 11,178 cents had been issued by the United States. Silver dollars, half dollars and half dimes were issued in 1794, and the following year gold pieces, ten and five dollar, eagles and half eagles, were first coined. All the work was done by hand. After the capital of the nation was permanently located at Washington, from time to time there was considerable agitation looking to the removal of the mint to that city. In May 19, I828, Congress enacted a law locating a mint in Philadelphia "until otherwise provided by law." In ETSV ROSS HOl'SE OLD SAINT lOSEPH'S CMIKCH, Winine's Alley PENN TREATY MONUMEN I [he luiilding on Seventh Street all coins of the United States were minted until May, 1833, when the new mint at Chestnut and Juniper Streets was completed and fully equipped for the work. Soon thereafter the Government otfered the old mint for sale. BETSY ROSS, totally blind for six years before her death, attained the advanced age of eighty-three (she was born January 1, 1752, and died January 2, 1835), comparatively unknown, and died, never imagining that in half a century her name would be conspicuous in the annals of the City of her birth and in the history of the nation. Her life was full of incidents and sorrows, yet the petite, dark-complexioned, .-mburn-haired— till age bleached it — woman never wholly lost her attractiveness and vivacity of manner. She at an early age eloped with John Ross, a nephew of George Ross, the signer of the Declaration of Indepenilence. Her husband was accidentally killed liy the explosion of powder he was secreting for the Colonial authorities in a house at the foot of Arch Street. The widow, who had contributed to the family purse by plain and fancy sewing, succeeded to the business of upholstery which John Ross had established at 279 Arch Street, now widely known as the "Flag House." hi the little back parlor with the Committee in consultation as to the form of the flag which Congress had adopted, with one clip of shears from a folded paper she cut the five pointed star and unknowingly introduced something new in art, for the honor of first making based upon data that are subsequent to the period the thirteen stars in a American flag, and the home carried with them In the revolution of '93, tri-color flag from the five pointed star that was took the place of the six European nations except ward married Captain captured at sea and incar- England, where he met prisoner of war. A to let the men know of wallis by inserting the GRAVE OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN the claim of France to that class of star is all more than fifteen years when Betsy Ross sewed circle in the field of the French soldiers returning the memory of that star, when France modeled her American standard, the originated by Betsy Ross pointed star among all England. Betsy after- Jacob Ashburn, who was cerated in Mill prison, John C^laypole, already a friendly baker managed the surrender of Corn- clipping from a paper in a loaf of bread. Ashburn died in prison, but made Claypole promise that when discharged he would take a message to his wife, it was in that way Claypole met Betsy, whom he married in 178^. His years of contineiiient in the Mill prison subsequently resulted in paralysis of the hands, and for twenty years Betsy washed, dressed and even fed her helpless husband. The American flag made by Betsy was first seen in battle at Brandywine. Paul Jones carried another of her flags across the sea. Under that starry banner he kept the whole sea coast of England in constant dread and conquered in one of the most stubbornly contested battles of history a superior vessel to that which he commanded. Fame came to Betsy Ross too late. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN'S grave at Christ Church Cemetery, Fifth and Arch Streets, is visible to pedestrians, a section of the brick wall having been removed that the public may behold the place where rests probably the greatest man America has given to the world. While in eady life not exemplarily moral, and a man whose teachings inculcate precepts of selfishness, mankind is indebted to him for the discovery of electricity as a motive power. His reply to Bringluirst shortly after his experiments with tlie kite, when asked what use would come from his having brought the lightning from heaven, — "I don't know. What use WASHINGTON'S EQUESTRIAN MONUMENT is a new born baby?" — shows that he certainly comprehended the possibilities that mi.ii'ht re- sult from his experiments. He constructed the first electric light more than a century before Edison's invention, and in 1748, antedating the kite experiment, he church wrote to his friend Peter Collinsaw, of London, member of the Royal Society, that he had sent a spark from one side of the Schuylkill to the other "through the river without any other conductor than the water, an experiment that we sometimes since performed to the amazement of many;'" thus antedating Morse's telegraphy by nearly a century and Marconi's wireless telegraphy by a much longer period. As with James Watts, who saw everything we now know of the steam engine, Franklin foresaw everything we now know of electric application to mechanical uses. THE GREAT ELM of Shacka- maxon, under whose widely spread- ing branches Penn's apocryphal treaty with the Indians is alleged to have taken place in 1682, stood, until March 5, 1810, when it was uprooted during a heavy storm. The trunk measured twenty - four feet in circumferen:e, and the circles of annual growth indicated Washington's headqu.xrters. v.ALUtv iukoe its age as 283 years. The whole evidence associating that tree with the locality where Penn made a treaty with the savages emanated from Benjamin West, who, in his picture, gave to the world not only an imaginary William Penn, THE glen '^I't immortalized an imaginary historical event. Clarkson, in his story of the treaty, presented in WTSSAHICKON. FairmountPark u- re r n i . • j „ , • •' ■ his lite of Penn, obtained all his intormation from West, and X'oltaire's often quoted reference to the incident as '-the only iklki ■•VE OLDE MILL" Ihal ground the flour for Washington's .-■^..•■--f:c>8< built thisSchurch \ 'IS \ i\>Nir;AN 1 FAITHFUL PRE/«;HER 7;;'Evgli,sii.sn\i;de:.S ■« dutch chJjrches' ELE\TN YJEARS IN -fTllS COuAtREY J\^*HSTtE HE ADVANCD XBUE PIBTY \ BVSOUJVE DOCTRINE V GOOD ExAmPLE HE DIED SEP^ JD ■ 3-308- \ AGED 4-0 VEARS. * TABLET IN AISLE OLD SWEDES CHURCH "The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light." In the chancel is a mural talMet to Nicholas Collins, D. D., who died in 1831, of whom it is said that when advanced in years, at night a couple came to his house to be married, and he performed the ceremony attired only in his nightshirt. In 1845 Gloria Dei was admitted to the Protestant Episcopal Convocation. In the graveyard Alexander Wilson, the ornithologist, is buried at his own request, "as a spot sacred to peace and solitude, where the birds might sing over his grave." A large flat stone in the chancel reads: "This monument covers the remains of the Revrend Andrew Rudmaii. Being sent hither from Sweden, he tirst founded and built this church; was 1 constant, faithful preacher in th' English Swedes & Dutch Churches, eleven years in this countrey, where he advanc'd true piety by sound octrine & Good example. He died Sepr. 17, 1708, aged 40 years." (}IRARD NATIONAL BANK. The first Bank of the United States was chartered by Congress February 25, 1791, for a period of twenty years. It was capitalized at ten millions (if dollars. On the 4th of July of that vear subscriptions were received, and so great was the demand that the shares were taken in a few hours and certiticates of stock in a few days commanded a premium of more than iive times the par value. The Bank began business December 5, 1701, in Carpenters' Hall, where it continued until July 24, 1797, when the building, copied after the Dublin E.xchange, on the west side of Third, south of Chestnut Street, liegun in 1795, was completed. "It was the tirst public structure with a portico and pillars in Philadel- phia." The enterprise was a success from its outset, paying an average dividend of eight per cent. In London its stock sold at a higher tigure than that of the bank of England. went out of Ixisiness, March .5, 18 12. An effort was made to continue its charter, Init the Senate rejected the application, the deciding vote in the negative being cast liy the \ ice-president, George Clinton, when there was a tie on the measure. The building and its equipments were purchased by Stephen Girard, who retained most of the old employees in the private bank which he established. The notes issued 1\\- Girard \vere redeemed in specie upon demand even at a period when specie payments were suspended. It was a rule with him to give preference to small traders in discounting paper, which policy made the institution popular with the masses. During the war of 1812, when the loan of the Federal Government for five millions could not be floated, (jirard subscribed for almost the entire an;ount. His name alone saved the nation from bankruptcy. In a short time the loan was sought at a premium of from five to ten per cent. At Girard's death the present Girard Bank was organized and began business on August 23, 1832, with a capital of $5,000,000. In 1847, when the Bank was rechartered, its capital was reduced to BRIDAL PATH ALONii THE WISSAHICKON Fairmount Park GIRARD NATIO.NAL BANK At the expiration of its charter it JEANNE D'ARC STATUE Fairmount Park it is onlv riile more tlian distinction. Tlie original Blue Anchor Tavern, was located directly in the middle of what George Guest, who built the house, was was laid out it was required to lie pensation Penn deeded to the in the rear of the original site first structure, said to he were used in erecting the Tavern. Some years transferred and the sign of Second and Dock end house of a number Row." There the Inn the Revolution, when it present building, which and received the old house which had re- centurv before when 31,000,001). The present capital of the Girard Bank is S 1,500.000, and its sur- plus considerably exceeds its capital. THE PRESENT BLUE ANCHOR INN, north- east corner of Dock, above Second Street, first became conspicuous during the Penn Bi-centennial cere- monies in 1882. Because of the prominence then accorded it, in popular consideration it is held as one of the noted historical buildings of Philadelphia, when in fact a century old, the exercises in 1882 giving to it its only claim to a frame . building where Penn was received in 1682, is now Front Street. At that time "mine host." When the City removed, and as com- IJONESS STATUE rP^^"l I owner a lot directly The materials in the house 16 by 36 feet, second Blue Anchor later the license was removed to the corner Streets, which was the known then as "Budd's continued until after was removed to the had recently been built, name and license of the ceived William Penn a he first landed in his "Green Country Towne," on the banks of the Delaware. THE OLD SECOND STREET MARKET HOUSE and sheds, ex- tending from Pine to South Street, reminders of the Colonial period, have since lost usefulness as a public convenience. The structure was erected in 1747, extending at that time to Lombard Street, and was then known as the Irish Mar- ket; the reason for the name is now lost through lapse of time. A few vears later it was extended to BELMONT GLEN, Fair South Street, when it was known as the New Market. At that period it was the center of a fashionable neighborhood, and noted for the articles offered for sale at its stalls. The old house facing Pine Street is of brick, laid on headers and stretchers presenting the checkerboard appearance so popular in our Colonial period. The pent roof, then an architectural ornamentation, still remains in good state of preservation, and in the triangle thus formed is ihe old clock that had tolled the hours for nmre than a century. Before the Revolution, in May and November of each year, fairs were held there continuing three days. They were formally opened on notice to the Mayor, who, by a herald, from a platform erected for that purpose, made proclamation that all persons must keep the King's peace, no strong liquors could be sold, the carrying of unlawful weapons interdi:ted, and also the galloping or training of horses on the streets, concluding with "Now know ye, I proclaim the Fair opened. God Save the King." Crowds of merrymakers, blowing trumpets, and troops of boys with whistles made a din from morning until night. This feature became such a nuisance that the Legislature in 1787 abolished the Fairs. During the Revolution, while the British were in occupancy of the City, the sheds were used as stables by the King's troopers. THE NORRIS HOUSE, which in Provincial days stood on the site of the United States Custom House, in its day was among the finest private residences of the Colonies. In that house in 1761 was born Deborah Norris, who became the wife of Dr. George Logan, later the owner of Stenton. A girl of fifteen, she climbed the fence of the garden, then extending to Fifth and Library Streets, now the rear of the Drexel buildin July 8, 1776, read for the first time in public the Declaration of Independence, distinguished for her contributions to the history of STATUE OF RELIGIOUS LIBERTY Fairmount Park OLD .MARKET SHEDS SECOND AND PINE STREETS to listen to John Ni.xon, on In after life she became Pennsylvania. During the British occupancy of the City the house was used by several English officers as their quarters, and in the garden was given a number of receptions, the most notable being the one in honor of MEf Admiral Howe. In 18 18 the Bank of the United libi States purchased the property, razed the dwelling and erected the present structure from designs furnished by William Strickland. The building was completed in 1824, at a cost of nearly half a million dollars. After the introduction of gas in 1834, as a measure of protection as well as advertisement, brackets were placed in the rear of the columns facing Chestnut Street, and were kept burning from nightfall to daybreak, "which has a very agreeable effect." When the bank failed in 1841 the Trustees olfered the LIBRARY CO. OF PHILADELPHIA property for sale, and in chased by the Federal 987.82. At that time Ing for the second term In the room occupied by the present Collector, is a mahogany desk and used by Nicholas Biddle the Bank of the United MOUNT PLEASANT was built by John Mac- son, William, holding a ish army, resigned, de- not serve against his Revolution. Benedict UNITED STATES CUSTOM HOUSE June, 1845, it was pur- Government for §256,- Calvin Blythe was serv- as Collector of the Port. Hon. Wesley Thomas, a "grandfather's clock," arm-chair which were' when he was President of States. MANSION, in the Park, I'herson in 1761, whose commission in the Brit- claring that he would own countrymen in the Arnold purchased the estate March 22, 1779, and made it a wedding present to his bride, charming Peggy Shippen, early in the following April. While residing in this house Arnold entered into many questionable speculations, using his military authority for his personal gain. Among others, he dispatched Deputy Wagon Master Jesse Jordan to Egg Harbor, N. J., with ten wagons to transport goods, of which it is alleged he was owner. The Provincial Council, learning of this act, had Jordan brought before that body, where under oath, he told all he knew. General Arnold was notified to be present, as well as the Attorney General of the State. The latter was instructed to bring suit against Arnold for £450, the amount that Pennsylvania had paid for the time Arnold had used the wagons in his personal specu- lation, and preferred charges against the General which were afterward the subject of a court PHILADELPHIA DISPENSARY JOSEPHINE WEIDENER MEMORIAL LIBRARY which Arnold resident ot liad been reserved in the deed of gift, during the bitter days at the American troops system of the famous made them an army in The title to the estate Chief Justice of Penn- father-in-Iaw, until 1702, eral Jonathan Williams. City in 1868. on Second Street, above specimen of Colonial in the Union. It is Cathedral, London, and John Kearly, though the of years. The west end Governor Gordon laid 27 amid much cere- four years later. Then moved and the east end Street, but thirteen years was consumed in that work. The steeple, designed by Dr. Franklin, was suspended until funds could be collected, and in March and May, 1753, drawings of lotteries were had to raise money. This scheme netted about $10,000. The tower and steeple were completed at a cost of over $15,000. At the apex was a metal crown, placed there as an emblem of loyalty to the mother country. During a heavy thunderstorm June ^, \777, the steeple was struck by lightning and the symbol of royalty was thrown to the ground a jagged. martial. Wagon Master Jordan did not appear at the trial, and the suit against Arnold was then "abated" because, the At- torney General reported to Council, "Jesse Jordan has been lately murdered in Chester County," an assassination by profited for the time being. Even while Mount Pleasant Arnold was contemplating his treason, if Sir Henry Clinton in his letter of October 11, 1780, is to be believed, "that eighteen months ago 1 had some reason to conclude that the American Major General Arnold was desirous of quitting the rebel service." The life interest of Arnold, which was forfeited. The mansion then became the residence of Baron Steuben, who. Valley Forge, disciplined according to the strict Frederick of Prussia, and fact as well as in name. was in Edward Shippen, sylvania, and Arnold's when he sold it to Gen- It was purchased by the CHRIST CHURCH, Market, is the finest ecclesiasti;al architecture copied after St. Paul's was designed by Dr. building is the growth was begun early in 1727. the corner stone on April mony. It was finished the old church was re- was extended to Second IliiHlll III iiiiTirr MARY J. DREXEL HOME shapeless mass. Afterward, when it was designated as the Cathedral Church of America, a mitre was placed on the spire in recognition of the high office held by its Rector, Bishop White. In 1745 a chime of eight bells, weighing 9000 pounds, was procured from London at a cost of £560. Captain Budden brought them to Philadelphia free of cost in the London packet ■•Myrtella," and during his life whenever his ship reached Philadelphia these bells chimed in his honor. In September, 1777, these chimes, with the Liberty Bell, were removed to Allentown to prevent their falling into the hands of the British, and tradition has it that the chimes were sunk in the Lehigh River. In October, 1778, Flower returned the chimes and they were rehung "at the public expense." Over the arch of the east window on the outer wall was a bust of George II and a crown in alto-relievo. In 1797 they were taken down and thrown into the street, but were picked up and deposited in the Philadelphia Library. On January 31, 1894, they were restored to their original location. In June, 1755, the Masons of Philadelphia attended services here the first time the Order made a street parade in the city. In the preceding April Governors DeLancey, of New "I'ork, and Shirley, of Massachusetts, returning from the Congress of Colonial Governors at Alexandria, Va., were welcomed in the church. March 14, 1759, General John Forbes, the victor of Fort Duquesne, was buried in the chancel, it being the most imposing funeral that had occurred to that time in all the Colonies. In 1898 the Society of Colonial Wars placed a tablet in the church to Forbes' memory. Thursday, July 20, 1775, Congress assembled in a body there to observe the day as one of fasting and prayer. Dr. Duche's sermon, "The American Vine," was published in England and the Colonies. In Colonial days the Governor had a State pew in this church which was afterward occupied by Presidents Washington and Adams. Betsy Ross attended here, but neither the Washington nor Ross pews of to-day are those actually used by them. Among relics of the sanc- CHKIST CHURCH tuary are a silver tankard and chalice, the gift of Queen Anne, inscribed "Anna Regina in usum ecclesia anglicanae apud Philadelphicum, A. D. 1708," a silver basin quaintly decorated with figures of six of the apostles, and a tlagon and two plates, the gift of Colonel Robert Quarry in 1712. THE BLACK HORSE INN, 352 and 354 North Second Street, is an interesting survival of old times, when the City had its weekly market days, Wednesdays and Saturdays. Then the farmers from a distance of twenty miles and more, brought their produce in wagons, which compelled them to find on the preceding nights accommodations for themselves and their teams. Before daybreak the next morning it UNION LEAGUK was the rule for each countryman to be at his accustomed place with wagons backed against the curbstone. At the many market places the farm wagons were stretched side by side for squares. The old Black Horse Inn has the arched passageway from the street to the courtyard, back of which were the stables. The rooms in the rear buildings opened on long galleries overlooking the court. These features are interesting because they suggest conditions ahnost identical to those which are familiar in "The Tabard," the hostelry in which Chaucer, the poet, met the Canterbury pilgrims and the "White Hart" ''""""^^L** BELMONT CKICKET CLUB in London, where Sam Weller Mr. Pickwick. The story of of incidents that enter into the CLIVEDEN, the Chew Independence Hall, the most ing in Philadelphia. That is more than a century the school the battle of Germantown, in conspicuous figure. The house jamin Chew, a Marylander, a who was a student of law in and who when thirty-two, in Philadelphia. The following and in 1756 had the lucrative delphia. He was Register Justice in 1774. Although he the first Continental Congress, claimed his loyalty was ques- BLACK HORSE INN arrested and banished from the State. October 4, 1778, the dwelling was occupied by the servants of the family. During the early part of the battle of Ger- mantown, when the British soldiers were falling back before the American advance. Sir Thomas Musgrave, Lieutenant-Colonel of the Fortieth Regiment with six companies of his command, took possession of the house and barricaded had his first interview with the Black Horse Inn is meagre permanent history of the City, house, is probably, next to generally known historic build- largely due to the fact that for histories presented pictures of which that dwelling is the was built about 1763 by Ben- man of education and fortune, Ihe Inner Temple, London, 1754, came from Delaware to } ear he u-as Attorney General office of Recorder of Phila- General in 1765 and Chief entertained the members of after independence was pro- tioned, and in 1777 he was The family were not residing at Cliveden at the time of the battle. On I'NlTr-D STATICS NAVAL H( the windows and doors. When the American reserves reached that point the British opened fire upon tliem from the dwelling-. Lieutenant Smith, of the Virginia line, with a white flag approached the house to demand its surrender, when he was fired upon and so seriously wounded that he died from tiie injuries he received. Artillery and musketry fire was then opened on the dwelling, but save scarring the outer wall, shattering the doors and window shutters, mutilating some statues on the lawn, little harm was done, although many of the bullets entered the apartments, leaving marks that are still visible. Historians and military experts have never been able to decide what efi'ect the defense of the Chew house had on the final result of the battle. Washington charged the failure to the fog, and Wayne, two days after the struggle, said the fog and the mistake by which Americans fired at each other in the gloom, lost the day. The following year Chew sold the estate, which, eighteen years later, he re-purchased. In 1791 he had so regained public confidence that he was appointed President Judge of the High Court of Errors and Appeals. Lafayette visited Cliveden in 1825. The historic dwelling is preserved almost as it was on the day of the battle. STENTON was originally the country cliveden-chew mansion seat of James Logan, an Irishman by birth, but a Scotchman by descent, who, having met William Penn in England, came to the Colonies in 1699 as the Secretary of the Proprietary. Here he subsequently filled the otilces of Secretary of the Province, Commissioner of Property, member of the Provincial Council and President of that body, and finally Chief [Justice of Pennsylvania. A man of literary taste, he collected the largest private library in the colonies, which he designed to present Philadelphia for public use, but failed to make such provision before his death. In 1744 he translated Cicero's Di Senectute, which Franklin, who printed the work, said was the first translation of a classical work in the Colonies. Logan built Stenton in the year 1728. Wingohocking Creek, which ran through the estate, he named for an Indian Chief to whom he was attached, and at his home, Cannassetego, an Onondaga Chief, was a visitor. His son, William, inherited the estate. In 1777 General Howe occupied the house and here he received notice that the Americans were advancing to the attack at Germantown. When orders were given by the British to burn a n u m b e r o f houses in Ger- mantown there The two soldiers was no one at Stenton but a negro woman, who came to carry out that order she managed to trap in the barn. When a party of British came by in search of deserters she handed the two Englishmen over to them, and notwithstanding N. INSTITUTE A-LONG THE WISSAH ICKC 1^ GERMAN HOSPITAL their denial they were taken as pris- oners to the City. At her death the negro woman was buried in the garden at Stenton. Dr. George Logan, tlie grandson of James, a man of parts, but with odd opinions, a United States Senator and a man of some literary ability, became the owner of the estate. He married Deborah Norris, "Dear Debby Norris," of Sally Wister's famous journal. Deborah Logan's contribution to the history of Pennsylvania made her distinguished. The correspondence of Penn and Logan which she found in the garret of Stenton she arranged as it was afterwards pub- lished by the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. In an old table drawer where the documents had lain for nearly a century she dis- covered "The Records of the Court at Upland, 1676 to 1681," one of the most valuable contributions to the Colonial history of the State. The old table had belonged to her grandfather, Joseph Parker, for many years Deputy Register of Chester County. At Stenton many relics are preserved, among others the cradle in which James Logan was rocked as an infant in the old LOGAN (STENTON) HOUSE lome in Ireland, the mariner's quadrant, which Hadley, an Englishman, saw and, house Washinglon, Franklin, It was at Stenton where Thomas Godfrey, a glazier, invented returning h Lafayette, Charles Thomson, Madison, Monroe, John Randolph and Jefferson were frequent guests. THE ELLISTON PEROT MORRIS HOUSE, at Germantown, was jiuilt in the winter of 1772-73 by David Deshler. His mother was a sister of Caspar Wistar, and the father was an Aide - de - Camp to the reigning Prince of Baden. His wife several years before his pur- chase of land in Germantown paid live pounds for the receipt of an ointment which became widely knuwu as "Deshler's Salve," and >me, claimed as his invention. In tliat PHILADELPHIA STOCK EXCHANGE is still largely used. At the battle of Germantown, after the defeat and retreat of the Americans, Sir William Howe made his headquarters in this house. in 1793 Colonel Isaac Franks, the then owner, tendered this house to Washington during; the _\ellnw fever scourge of that year, who made it his hiime until the fever abated. In 1804 Franks sold the estate to Elliston and John Perot (born in Bermuda) for a summer residence. Their ancestors were Huguenots, who were expelled from France upon the revocation of the Edict of It is related that the father was cast into prison in France and kept without food for twenty-one days, but Nantes. a hen laid an egg each of his cell, and in that A setting hen in the coat memorates that incident, married Samuel B. Morris, inherited the old mansion, changed, and is one of the onial magnificence in this Washington to Captain ness" of Washington, rare furniture of the Colonial priceless treasures of this THE LO\ERS' LEAP, above the stream, the sahickon Valley, has but the story of aboriginal uscung, looked with dis- whom his daughter was the tribe that if they were ciety they should sutler noon they clandestinely day in the grated window way his life was sustained. of arms (if the Perots com- EUiston Perot's daughter The present owner in 1859 which internally is little tinest specimens of Col- countrw A letter from Morris, "the pitcher like- china and glass, massive period are among the historic dwelling, nearly (ive hundred feet highest point in the Wis- tradition to connect it with lovers. The Chief, Tedy- favor upon the suitor with enamored, and notified again in each otlier's so- death. One summer after- ELLisTON p. MORRIS HOUSE iiiet at this spot, and upon finding that they were discovered, they embraced each other and leaped to death. Their crushed bodies lay at the base of the cliff locked in each other's arms. An illegible inscription is on the face of the rock which the late Charles S. Keyser states was chiseled there, so tradition asserts, by Kelpius, the leader nf the Wissahickon monks. GEN. GRANT MONUMENT Fairmount Park LOVERS' LEAP, Fair College "INDIAN" or "Council Rock" is surmounted by a heroic figure of tiie native Delaware Chief " Tedyuscung," who, bedecked with his war trappings, in crouching attitude, and with hand-shaded eyes, gazes upon one of the most pictur- esque stretches of the beautiful Wissahickon Valley. The figure is poised upon a marble pedestal. Here it is said the old (Chieftain, who had been baptized by the Moravians and given llie name of "Honest John," stood in 1768 and took his last look upon the lands of his fathers before the remnant of the tribe of which he was the head were compelled to seek a new location in the distant West. DEVIL'S POOL, Fairmounl Park new home one night in a drunken frolic the wigwams of the old man, sleeping at the time, was so seriously burned injuries. The present statue was erected a few years ago to take the place of a wooden John Middleton half a century HE WOODLANDS when Hamilton in 1735, comprised, later acquired, a plantation of and fifty acres. At that time lawyer of the Colonies, his of John Peter Zinger, of New libel, gave him wide repu- inces, and even in England drew Hamilton, Jr., erected a 1747, but just prior the Revolution his whom the estate the building and mansion, which in was regarded as one ing dwellings in the arranged with under- sages, staircases built GARFIELD MONUMENT, Fairmount Park (jgj^ dOOrWayS, aftord- from robbers or mobs, for in that period of public unrest the Hamilton family were regarded as sympathizers with the Loyalist cause. Tradition tells how in the Revolution British spies were secreted in the dwelling. In 1778 Wil- liam Hamilton was brought to trial for treason against the Continental authorities but was acquitted, there Tradition states that in his the tribe took fire and that he died from his by Charles W. Henry figure placed there by before. purchased by Andrew with several tracts about three hundred he was the foremost magnificent defense York, indicted for tat ion in the Prov- itself. His son, An- dwelling there in to the outbreak of son, William, to then belonged, razed erected the present all its appointments of the most impos- Provinces. It was ground secret pas- in the walls and hid- ing means of escape being "a defect of proof of a paper from Lord Cornwallis, the directions being torn off." However, he was banished ^~~ ' ' from tlie State, but subsequently granted permission to return. Half a century ago numerous tales of ghosts, the finding of the skeleton of a woman in the eaves and the lake, imaginary incidents, were familiar to the residents of Hamilton village. The internal arrangement of the house, the sumptuous furnishings (some of which had formerly been owned by Marie Antoinette), pictures, articles of vertu and a goodly collection of books were the wonders of its day of generous hospitality, when Washington himself was a visitor at the Woodlands. The grounds were laid out with much taste and a lavish expenditure of means. In 1804 William Hamilton plotted the greater part of the estate as a town to which he gave the name of Hamiltonville. In 1827 the remainder of the estate was sold to ily 13, 1840, it was purchased Company. Henry Becketty, and finally by the Woodland Cemetery MOM RINKLE'S ROCK mass rising abruptly above the Wissa- tells that long ago Rinkle, a reputed home on its summit, killed by a fall from credulous believed that ; the dew which accumul: the evil eye and could bring trouble to intently. Water, they declared, could a precipitous solid to a great distance hickon. Tradition an old woman, Mom witch, made her and that she was its giddy height. The IS in the habit of drinking ps of acorns, that she had those she hated by merely gazing at them not drown her, for her compact with Satan granted her the power to float in streams without sinking in their depth, and a rifle ball could not penetrate her flesh. She had omitted, however, in her agreement, immunity from the consequences of a fall. From this rock William Penn preached, and for this reason a statue of the Proprietary has been erected on its summit. MERCANTILE CLUE !f** -ri THE FINANCIAL DISTRICT, Chestnut Sts. BELMONT MANSION was built originally by William Peters about 1743, and there his famous son Richard Peters was born in the year following. In 1745 the house was enlarged. William Peters was a man of fortune and prominent in Colonial affairs, who disapproved of the Revolution and finally returned to England. He conveyed the estate to his son Richard, an ardent advocate of the Colonial cause, who accepted command of a Company of Associators, and in 1776 was pur- chasing agent for m i 1 i t a ry supplies. The same year he was Secre- tary of the Board of War, created by Congress, and in 1781 was Secretary of War. In 1782 he was a member of Congress, and in 1785 visited England in the interests of the Episcopal churches of the Colonies. His influence secured the ordination of Bishops Provost and White. In 1787-90 he was a member of the Assembly and Speaker of the House. Washington in 1794 appointed him Judge of the United States District Court, a position he held until his death, August 27, 1828. He was a man of infinite jest. A few of his witticisms are still current. In 1756 when he accompanied his uncle on a mission to the Indians he was adopted by the red men and given the name Tegohtias, orTalking Bird. He was a vocalist of much merit, and wrote the words and music of songs generally composed for the passing occasions. During his life Belmont was noted for its hospitality. Once when Washington was his guest he made with his cane a hole in the ground and planted a chestnut, which grew to be a noted tree. Lafayette was a frequent visitor at Belmont, as was also John Quincy Adams, Jetferson, Madison, the generals of the Revolution and almost every distinguished man of the day who visited Philadelphia. LULU TEMPLE "Where every passing stranger was a guest And every guest a BELMONT friend.' MANSION The Monument Road on the estate received its name from a rude obelisk which is said to mark the spot where Richard Peters caught the first sight of the woman who afterwards became his wife, although another account states that it was built over a grave, but tradition is silent as to the person whose memory it was erected to honor. Belmont is the most attractive and interesting of the historic buildings in Fairmount Park. DAVID RITTEN HOUSE, a man who in his long life played many parts, and generally with distinguished merit, was born April 8, 1732, near Germantown. The humble stone building in which his birth occurred still stands within the limits of Fairmount Park. His great-great-grandfather, William Rittenhouse, established the first paper mill in America. When UNITED STATES MINT HAHNEMANN COLLEGE three years old his parents removed to a farm in Montgomery Count}'. From early childhood he was distingLiished for his mechanical genius. .\t eight he constructed a miniature water mill ; at seventeen he constructed a clock and embarked in business as a clock and mathematical instrument maker. At twenty-one he was "tlie rival of two of the greatest mathematicians in Europe." \n the year 1769 he constructed an observatory, and on July 3 of that year he made the first satisfactory observation of the transit of Venus. He constructed his noted orrery, now owned by Princeton University, an instrument which illustrates the movements of celestial bodies covering a period of five thousand years, past and future, which JelTerson declared approached nearer an act of Deity than any man had ever done. He was distinguished as a surveyor. Learned societies conferred upon him degrees and the State chose him its Treasurer until he refused further to serve in that offi:e. He was a member of the Council of Safety, a member of the first State Constitutional Convention, professor and vice-provost of the University of Pennsylvania, president of the Philadelphia Society and first director of the United States Mint. He died in IZ^. President Washington, the Cabinet, Congress, foreign ministers, the Governor and Leg- islature and many HOME OF DAVID RITTENHOUSE.IFairmount Park learUCd meU attended the funeral of the great astronomer, who, sixty-four years before, was born in that unpretentious structure in the Park, revered now because of that incident in its story. GERMANTOWN ACADEMY, originally known as the Germantown Union School, because it was designed as an English and High Dutch school, was organized in December, 1759. The cornerstone was laid April 2L 1760. The collection of funds lagged and in 1761 the Assembly authorized a lottery in its interest, but a strong remonstrance was lodged with Governor SCHOOL OF INDUSTKIAI. ART BUILDERS' EXCHANGE TUNNEL EAST RIVER DRIVE Denny, who vetoed the measure. The building was completed, ready for the reception of pupils, in September, 1761. The belfry was surmounted with a crown, the symbol of loyalty to the British King, and that emblem remains there to this day. Hilarius Becker was the German and David James Dove the English teacher. Colonel Alexander Graydon, in his "Memoirs," states that Dove, in Philadelphia, in order to , A ni.jiic Hii-.H SCHOOL shame the delinquents to prompt attendance, was accustomed to send a deputation of boys with a lighted lantern and bell in the day time for the tardy pupil, to accompany him to the school house. The tea ship Philadelphia December permitted to remain, had for the Academy, but it land, and not until after reach its destination. mantown the British used and not until 1784 was original purpose. In fever visited Philadel- America and Pennsyl- floor and cellar" in the The library of the Acad- number of interesting able of which being a ington at the battle of THE AMERICAN SOCIETY on March 28. the Assembly the right to GERMANTOWN ACADEMY "Polly," which reached 27, 1773, and was not among her cargo a bell was carried back to Eng- the Revolution did it After the battle of Ger- the Academy as a hospital it again applied to its 1793, when the yellow phia, the banks of North vania used "the lower conduct of their business, emy contains a large relics, the most notice- spy-glass used by Wash- Germantown. PHILOSOPHICAL 1785, were granted by erect the building No. 104 South Fifth Street on Independence Square. The grant prohibited the leasing or transference of any part of the building ALONG THE FAIRMOUNT PARK TROLLEYS CATHEDRAL OF ST. PETER AND ST. PAUL EAST RIVER DRIVE Fairmount Park for any use other than that legitimately associated with the objects of the Society, but that restriction, the following year, was slightly modified. When the City assumed title to Independence Square, March 11, I8l6, the rights of the Society were reserved in the transfer. The Society itself is formed of the "Junto or Leather Apron Club," organized by Franklin in May, 1743, and the "American Society held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge," formed in 1750, of which Cover- ^Mr^^H «[■(". ., , 'W .''% w| ^.^ -_^ M^^^^^ vif ii tm "*■■'":; *^'^Hk: nor James Hamilton was the first presi- dent. Both organizations lagged, and in December, 1768, they were consolidated as "The American Philosophical Society held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge," with Dr. Franklin as Its first president. The approaching transit of Venus in 1769, a matter of great scientific moment, the last having occurred in 1639, gave impetus to the organization. The Society erected an observatory in the Square where the observations were made, and standing on that structure, seventeen years later, at noon on July 8, 1776, John Nixon gave the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence. Funds were lacking, and it was not until 1791 that the Society met in the Hall. In 1794 the second floor was leased to Charles Wilson Peale for a museum, studio and dwelling. There Washington sat for his portrait. A son was born to Peale in 1796, and the Society was called to decide upon the child's name, and chose "Franklin." In 1835 the City sought to purchase the property, but the deal failed. The library and relics in the building are exceedingly valuable. The numerous published volumes of "Transactions" and "Proceedings" of the Society are held in high esteem the world over. Many of the leaders of thought in this C(iuntry and in Europe have been in membership with the body. BARTRAM'S BOTANICAL GARDEN is one of the most noted and least visited historical spots in EQUESTRIAN STATUE OF 3ENERAI- MEADE Philadelphia. That is probably because of its remote location from the center of the City. Its founder, John Bartram, was born in Darby Township, Delaware County, May 23, 1699. On his father's farm, now the country seat of the widow of Colonel Thomas A. Scott, one day the young man, weary of ploughing, was resting under a tree, when, plucking a daisy he began a critical inspection of the wild flower. That was the turning point of his life, the beginning of a distinguished and useful career. On September 30, 1728, he purchased at Sheritfs sale the site of the present garden. There was a small house on the property, to which in 1730 he made additions which were completed the following 3'ear, the date stone bearing the inscription, "John and Ann Barlnun, 1731." There is no evidence supporting the tradition that he personally did the needed work, in enlari;ing' the dwelling. Here he resided until his death, although in collecting botanical specimens he visited all parts of the then United States and much of Canada. His BILLMEYER HOUSE- In front reputation spread and scientific men every- where sought to know him. Linnaeus styled TENNIS GKOLINDS, Fa him "the greatest botanist in the world," Franklin urged him to authorship, the Petre pear trees were sent to him by Lady Petre in 176o, the large boxwood trees from Turkey and Smyrna were presents from the Earl of Bute, and l!AK I KAW Hor: George III in 1765 ap- the King. The gnarled the Christ thorn were son, of London. The twenty-two feet in diam- hundred and thirty feet and all from the earth designing to use it as a but noticing that it was brought it home and His account of his jour- travels written by an tember 22, 1777, largely British Army would lay son William followed in his father's footsteps, and like him pLiblished a book of travels his guest, and on July 14, 1787, the members of the Federal Constitutional Convention as garden. At that time there were two thousand specimens of native trees within its eight acres. It was William Bartram who urged Alexander Wilson to study ornithology. In 1823 he died in the house where lie was born and had resided eighty-four years. The City took formal possession of Bartram Garden as a park March 13, 1891. Among the interesting relics, apart from the house, is the old cider press; the basin chipped out of the solid rock, in which Bartram kept gold fish ; and tlie mark- ed, but unlet- tered stone covering the grave of one of John Bar- tram's negro slaves. FIRST PUBLIC FOUNTAIN 1854 Fairmount Park pointed him botanist to and tangled yew tree and gifts from Peter Collin- great cypress tree, now eter at the base, and one liigh, he plucked roots near the Gulf of Mexico, whip in urging his horse, something unusual, he planted it in the garden, nies was the first book of American. He died Sep- through fear that the waste his garden. His Washington was frequently liody visited his THE SPEEDWAY, Fair 3Vt tl^c S^oolocjtcul 05^r^^^nc. TOM MOORE'S COTTAGE, on the west bank of the Schuylkill, near what is known as Belmont Glen, deserves notice because popular tra- BALDwiN LOCOMOTIVE WORKS dition has assoclated it with tiie poet, who visited Philadelphia in the summer of 1804, and that it was while residing in that humble dwelling' he wrote the familiar and tender ballad: " I knew by llie smoke that so gracefully curled Above the green ehns that a cottage was near. And I said ' If there's peace to be found in tliis world A heart ihat is humble might hope for it here.' " Tom Moore was convivial in his taste, he was the lion of the literary set of Philadelphia, of the day in which Jo- seph Dennie, an Irishman, was promin- ent, and all doors were open to him. He was win- ed, dined and petted, and although it may he possible that while a guest of a few houses, of brilliant, sparkling Richard Peters, at Belmont, he at a distance saw the smoke curling from the cottage chimney, there is no evidence that Moore ever entered the building which poetic tradition associates with his name. THE MORRIS HOUSE, on the east side of Eighth Street, above Locust, has little general history associated with its story, save that after Robert Morris, the financier of the Revolution — the man whose individual notes were accepted as currency in the Colonies — was released from the debtors' prison on Prune Street, in 1802, under the provisions of the bankruptcy act, broken in health, means and energy, he made that dwelling his residence Inr several _\ears prior to ^^^^^^^^ his death. MORRIS HOUSE, Eighlh and Locust Sis. SMITH MEMORIAL PLAYHOUSE, Fair TOM MOORE'S i RIDGWAV BRANCH Op THE LIBRAKV CO., ot Hhiladelphia THE ARMAT HOUSE is noticeable for the uses to whicli it was put shortly after the battle of Germantown. It was there, on the elevation where the building now stands, that the British collected the wounded American soldiers for medical aid. Many of those who died of their injuries were interred there, while the others were removed in wagons to designated hospitals or to the tender mercies of the tiend Cunningham at the old Walnut Street prison. The house was built in 1801 by Thomas Armat, a wealthy resident of Germantown, who presented the town with hay scales and gave the grounds and contributed largely to the erection of St. Luke's Church. During the war of 1812, when his tenants were unable to pay the rent due, if found wanting, he forgave them their debts and aided them with funds to keep the wolf from the door. This dwelling he erected for his son and gave it the name of Loudon in honor of his own birthplace in \irginia. The Armat and Logan families were united in marriage, and the estate is still owned in that line. THE OLD MONASTERY of "Das Lager der Einsamen" or "The Camp of the Solitary" is above Kitchen's Lane on the Wissahickon Creek. The building was erected in 1738 by John Gorgas, a Seventh-Day Baptist, who, it is said, gathered eleven members of his co-religionists in a Society of Monks. Converts were immersed in the Wissahickon, at "The Baptisterie," near the present bridge. Tradition states that the monks were clothed similarly to the While Friars, were sworn to ^S WOMEN'S HOSPITAL ARMAT HOUSE .ME.UORIAL HALL, Fa HORTICULTURAL HALL, K UNITED STATES FEDERAL BLIILDING ARMORY, FIRST CITY TROOP celibacy, used wooden blocks, some say stone, scalloped to fit the head and neck, similar to those used at Ephrata and generally in Japan. \'ears ago in rear of the building were small pits or hillocks indicating the former burial places of the order. Underground passages led from the building in several directions but were closed by subsequent owner. Gossips a generation ago told strange stories of the uses of these passageways and of cells in which implements of torture were kept. George Lippard, the founder of the order of the P. S. O. A., in "Paul Ardenheim, the Monk of the Wis- sahickon," wove many of the tradi- tions into the plot of his novel, and Fanny Kemble w rote a p o e m respecting the old monastery and its environments which the late William D. Kelley read in Congress while advo- cating Federal aid to the Philadelphia Centennial Fair. WISTFR HOUSE was the first dwelling erected in the neighbor- hood of Geruiantown, for service as a gentleman's country seat, a summer home. The builder, John Wister, the brother of Casper Wistar (the change in the spelling of the names began in 1721, when THE MONASTERY WEIDENER MEMORIAL SCHOOL it was SO written by the official before whom Casper Wistar took the oath of allegiance to Cieorge the First), purchased the land In 1744, and the same year he erected a building, the stone quarried on the g(.iund FRANKLIN INSTITUTE and tliL' riak limbers for joists and rafters hewn from the trees nii his land. 'l"he original house, plain in architecture, presents the pent roof pro- jections over the several stories then dee m e d an essential pro- tection from rain and sleet in stormy weather, in later years it was remodeled and considerably changed internally and externally. On Saturdays it was a custom with John Wister, to distribute to the poor of the neighborhood, bread baked in the great oven attached to his dwelling. At the battle of Germantown, Cieneral James Agnew, of the British Army, while riding at the head of his brigade, was shot by Hans P. Boyer, an American militiaman, who, in ambush, took deliberate aim at the star on his breast. The wounded man was WEST RI\EK DRIVE. Fa ACADEMY OF MUSIC carried to the Wister house, where German servant of the famil when he died of his injuries. is still visible in the morning of the battle, at work with a hoe in her to seek shelter in the present in the house, is a full British Grenadier. The painting nf credited to the brush of Major .'\ndre. On one in the parlor he was nursed by a known as Justina, for a week. The stain of .\gnew's blood floor of that room. The Agnew noticed Justina the garden, and advised cellar. Among the relics length wooden figure of a the figure has erronenusly been iccasion a boasting young \ irginian was a visitor at the house, when a brother olticer and Sally Wister contrived by the use of that painted dummy to so frighten Major Tilly that he never stopped running until he reached Washington's camp, and on the way fell headlong into a pond. WISTER HOUSE RITTENHOUSE CLUB BROAD STREET END TORRESUALE BOULEVARD THE OLD KEYSER HOUSE, on the west side of Main Street, above Washinglon Lane, was built in 1738 by Dirck Keyser, who came from Amsterdam in 1688, accom- panied by his son, Peter Dirclc Key- ser. Tradition says that this was tlie first two- story house erected in Ger- mantown. Keyser had been a silk merchant in the Fatherland and in the Colony still continued to attire himself in a silk coat, a habit which some of his neighbors regarded as an adherence to ostentatious raiment not conducive to religious contemplation, with a diamond on the FOUNTAIN. DAUPHIN STREET, Fair UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL Tradition states that the names of Peter Keyser's children, the grandson of the emigrant, were cut small window panes, now destroyed, and in the mobbed by the Whigs principles. An ancient the dwelling is still pre- so celebrated in the Pemberton, seriously ill a drink from its refresh- request was denied by servant procured it for although he had been the water he would die. riddled with the bullets at Germantown, is still wall which served the work in that engage- planted by Peter Keyser American soldiers were Revolution his house was because of his peace spring house as old as served. The spring was neighborhood that Israel with yellow fever, craved ing waters, but his the physician. A negro him and he recovered, assured that if he drank Part of the old fence, of the contending armies preserved, as is a stone Americans as a breast- ment. Several pear trees at a point where three killed, still remain a KEYSER HOUSE memorial of the unknown patriots who ottered up their lives that the Colonies might be free. An old stone which was used by Peter Keyser in grinding bark, for he was a tanner as well as a clergyman, is also preserved. The building was remodeled by its present owner, Elwood John- son in 1866. Colonel Jones, in his novel, "The Quaker Soldier," locates an incident of the story in the Keyser house. SHIP HOUSE CHii Ball HENRY HOWARD HOUSTON MONUMENT Par WISSAHICKON DRIVE. Fair THE OLD LIVEZEY HOUSE, in excellent preservation, is one of the noticeable attractions of Wissahickon Drive, due more to its picturesque location than any historical association connected with the ancient dwellins;. Near by is the site of the famous Livezey Mill of Colonial days, which long since has fallen into wholly disappeared. a non-combatant in the morning of Octo- heard the sound of firing at Germantown and mounted a fence the battle from afar, a limb of the tree taken shelter. His and he sought safety was given to hospi- ruins, and now has Thomas Livezey was the Revolution, but on ber 4, 1 717, when he cannon and musketry he scaled the hillside that he might view /V stray bullet broke under which he had curiosity was satisfied in his own home. He tality and it was his I I \ 1 / 1 "i 1 1 n 1 i . i custom to make wine for his own use and that of his guests. When the British occupied Philadelphia and the troops were stationed nearby, Mrs. Livezey suggested that several casks of wine in the cellar would be safer from foraging parties if sunk in the dam. The idea met her husband's approval, with the result that the wine was saved and some of it was preserved -i^m- . - ' until within recent years. VALLEY GREEN INN, Fa MUSICAL FUND HALL HOUSTON CLUB, Unl\ i 1 ■■ ..^lAad^^HH^Bk. ^ i'fe^ THE CONCORD SCHOOL, afterward termed "The Charter Cak House," because the second storv is occupied by the "Charter Oak Library," was designed to accommodate "the inhabitants of the upper end of Germantown who oltjected to the UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA LIBRARY distaHcc and particuKir inconvenience through the winter seasons of sending their children to the lower school" — the Academy. Paul Wolf, half a century before, had set apart a lot for ^%t<. JMa» Utoi '^IpPPi' is^— • DAUPHIN STREET ENTRANCE TO KAIRMOUNT PARK a school house, and upon that erected in 1775, as testified by facing the street. Charles F. why it took the name Cnn- first Germantown emigrants Concord, or was it because its the shot that was heard around Concord, Massachusetts?" At completed in the latter part of John Grimes was immediatel}' Additions were made to the neighborhood required. The Germantown Relic Society are cord." The latter organization especially valuable and inter- relics. Incidentally it is worthy ground the stone building was the date stone in the gable Jenkins says, "It is a question cord. Was it liecause the had come over in the ship foundations were laid when the world was being fired at all events the building was October of that year, and installed as the schoolmaster, building as the needs of the Charter Oak Library and the in occupancy of "Old Con- has in its possession an esting collection of historic of mention that on April 17, THE CONCORD SCHOOL 1903, the Society of Colonial Dames of America planted with appropriate ceremony at Stenton, a sprout from the noted old Charter Oak, in which, it is said, Cap- tain Wadsworth, in 1687, hid the Provin- cial Charter of Con- necticut to prevent its EPISCOPAL HOSPITAL 1^^'".? seized bv Sir Edmund Andros. The original tree was uprooted in a gale August 20, 1856. The Germantown Charter Oak is its grandson, grown from an acorn shed by a tree raised from a sapling taken from the parent INIVERSITV OF PENNSYLVANIA DORMITORIES stock. Mrs. Hnlcomb, of Connecticut, gave the shoot til Mrs. Riiland (}. Curtin, who in turn presented it to the Colonial Dames. MOYAMLNSING PRISON PHILADELPHIA HOSPITAL LEMON HILL, oripinally known as "The INST1TI:TE FOR BLIND. Overbrook i 6 J "" Hills" and "Hill House," was the favorite residence of Robert Morris at a time when he was reputed one of, if not the wealthiest, men in the new world. That house stood near the site of the present Lemon Hill Mansion. It was at The Hills Morris sought safety when the British captured Philadelphia, and there it was in 1797, when his creditors strove to arrest him, for a long time he defied Sheritf and Constables, and there, in his distress, he contemplated suicide as a relief from his troubles. The Hills were sold by the Sheritf in the southernmost part Henry Piatt, an artist who at times had been that he was forced to keep the wolf from became a shipping ulated wealth rapidly, mansion and named because of the abund- his conservatory. It the neighborhood, of exotic plants, said 1799 in two parcels, being purchased by of some merit, yet so cramped for funds paint tavern signs to the door. Finally he merchant and accum- He built the present the place Lemon Hill ance of those trees In was the show place in noted for its collection LEMON HILL In l83o to bc housed in "the finest range of glass for the preservation of plants on this continent." Its forest and fruit-bearing trees were marvels of that day. After Mr. Piatt's death in 1838 the property was purchased by the United States Bank, and when that institution failed Philadelphia purchased the estate in order to protect the water supply of the City from contamination. In 1855 Lemon Hill was dedicated as a public park, the beginning of the present Fairmount Park, a breathing place for the people unequalled in its natural features and extent by any similar reservation in the whole world. SOUTH BROAD STREET. NORTH FROM LOCUST BROAD STREET STATION. Pennsylv PHILADELPHIA COUNTRY CLUB GFiANT'S CABIN, stand- ing on a bluff ove r 1 o o k i n g the James River at City Point, from June, 1864, to March, 1865, was the headqnarters of the Army of the Potomac in the greatest civil war in the history of the world. During the winter of '64-'65 Mrs. Grant made her home with her husband in that rude structure, and within that building many of the most illustrious men of the nation gathered to con- sult upon meas- ures in which the whole future of t h e government was at stake. There Grant wrote his order approving Sherman's march through Georgia, a movement that has no parallel in the history of war; there he removed Pen Butler from command; there he wrote his notable c,KAMs( MUX, i.nimuun. Park. dlspatclies to TlioHias and received the Confederate Com- missioner; and in that Cabin Lincoln told Generals Grant, Sherman, Sheridan and Meade that ''you can fool some of the people all the time and all the people some of the time, but you can't fool all the people all the time."' After the war George H. Stewart had the Cabin removed and re-erected in Fairmount Park. PHILADELPHIA BOURSE PENNSYLVANIA INSTITUTION DEAF AND DU.MB. Main Building. PHILADELPHIA AND READINC RAI lAVAY TERM INAl COLLEGE HALL, Universlly of Pennsylv )HN l>ENN HOUSE "THt: "THE SOLITUDE," a name chosen by its builder, John Penn, ;i great-grandson of William Penn, in memory of the estates of the Duke of VVurtemburg of like name, in excellent preservation, still remains in the grounds of the Zoological Gardens. The house was built in 1784, but has little historical inter- est associated with its story. John Penn was then a man of twenty - four, near-sighted and alf'ected with a distressing nerv- ous disorder, which may have prompted h i m to seek seclusion, yet when he first came to Philadelphia he was so pleased with his reception that he contemplated making his home here. With that object in view probably he erected "The Solitude." He was educated at Cambridge and, a man of scholarly tastes, dabbled in poetry, publishing a number of lyric etfusinns of indiflerent merit. He delighted to read his own productions and in avoid interruption when wooing the muses, it is said, he devised secret hiding places and underground passages in which lie found concealment when visitors called whom he did not care to meet. There are several places of that character in the eaves of the house, and an underground passage exists between the detached kitchen and dining-room, the latter used by Penn as offices. The property was purchased by the City in 1852 from Granville John Penn, a collateral heir of the estate to whom it then belons-ed. HOLY TRINITY CHURCH HhNNSYLVANIA HISIOklCAI- SOUIETI MANUFACTURERS CLUB ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS DRV DOCK. League Island Navy Yard FORREST HOME FOR AGbl INTERIOR ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS STADIUM UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Progress of Pcnn-Columbia Foot-ball Game Y. M. C. A. BUILDING />/, MUSEUM OF ARTS University of Pennsylv ONE of the most successful of the forty odd Trust Companies in Philadelphia is the West End Trust Company, a picture of whose building is shown herewith. The Company was chartered Fehruarv 24th, I 89 1, and opened tor business March i6th, 1891, at 2020 Chestnut Street, having purchased the property from the Girard Trust Company, which formerly occupied it. The capital stock ot the Company at organi- zation was $-^00,000. On March 21st, 1898, it was increased to $500,000, and on December I ith, 1901, it was again increased to $1,000,000, full paid. Its surplus is now $900,000, and its deposits over $4,250,000. The par value of the stock is $50 per share, upon which 8% dividends are paid. On August 14th, 1899, the Company moved from 2020 Chestnut Street to its present location. Special attention is called to the fact that the Company owns its banking house and the ground upon which it is erected, free and clear of all incumbrances, the value of which as an asset is the best kind ot security for those who entrust their affairs to the Company. Interest is allowed on all deposits, and the Company is authorized by its charter to act as Administrator, Executor, Guardian, etc., to insure titles to real estate and to manage estates, collect- ing and remitting the income, for which a very moderate charge is made. Letters ot credit and travelers' checks avail- able in all parts ot the world are issued. Its Safe Deposit Department is complete in every particular. Safe Deposit Boxes are for rent from $5.00 to S 50.00 per annum. All the Trust Funds are kept separate and apart from the Company's assets, and all investments for Trust Estates are made by the Finance Committee of the Board. The officers and directors give close attention to the affairs of the Company, as its progress and established reputation for careful and conservative methods testify. WEST END TRUST BUILDING BROAD STREET AND SOUTH CITY HALL SQUARE PHILADELPHIA The Officers and Directors are as follows Horace A. Doan. - - - - President. Joseph T. Richards, - - First \'ice President. Charles E. Wolbert, Second Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary. John M. Strong, - Trust Officer and Real Estate Officer. Robert L. Morgan, - Asst. Secretary and Asst. Treasurer. John Hampton Barnes, - - - .Solicitor. Henry A. Borell, Drugs, - - 2043 Chestnut Street. Horace A. Doan, President. William Henderson, Henderson Bros., 25th St. bel. Spruce. Joseph T. Richards, Chief Engineer Maintenance of Way, Pennsylvania Railroad Company. A. Lewis Smith, Attorney-at-Law. Frank R. Tobev, President Allison Manufacturing Company. Ma.\ Riebenack, Comptroller, Penna. Railroad Company. Horatio C Wood, M. D. William M. Burk. William Alexander Brown, Attorney-at-Law. G. BriNton Roberts, David E. Williams & Co. William L. Supplee. David E. W'illiams, David E. Williams & Co. Joseph .S. Keen, Jr., President American Pipe Mfg. Co. Stephen Greene, Printer. Sixteenth and .^.rch Streets. ■—sii nw.nh LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 311 869 1 ^ HoUinger Corp. pH8.5