Hon Fred Douglass Dear Sir Francis M Adlington of Weymouth Mass. 86 years of age sends the following offering for the Lincoln Monument inauguration "Father Abraham's Monument" This monument would seem to say That Lincoln's dead, but tis not so. In vain the assassins aim to slay In vain his blood was made to flow. In vain the vile attempt to kill. In all our hearts he's living still. And while a drop of patriots blood Shall flow in any human frame Twill thrill at memory of the good The great and noble Lincoln's name This monument we raise to thee Great chief whose mandates made us free Our grateful thanks to Heaven ascend For thee, our true and constant friend. Also the following "Address to America Personified" The world is gazing on thee. Dispose thy robes with care And with thy precious jewels Adorn thy Golden hair. "over" [*2709*]The stripes and stars became thee A mantle fair to view Ingrained with fadeless colors, the red the white and blue. With smiles increase thy beauty Extend the inviting hands. For this is freedom's birth day the hundreth in our land. Now bid your Sons and daughters their treasures bring to view Emblems of thrifts and glory the ancient and the new, The world is all around thee With friendly zeal inquire Of each and every nation When object and desire. And Causing all to love thee To reverence and respect By doing ample justice And showing no neglect. By showing white to others their rights all will award, [the will and heart to guard] We have our own, and all the will, and power, to guard.To the Editor of the Age: Sir: The following quotation from the letter of M.W. Caldwell published in the "Age" of last week will loose nothing of value by a word of correction. "Minister Douglass says, That God and I make a majority" but of course he was in Washington. He would not have said it in Lafayette Louisiana and continued to live. It may appear to some of your readers as scarcely worthwhile for me to correct this formula attributed to me -- but truth is always not worthwhile. What I said, was not that God and I make make a majority but: One man [and I] with God is a majority. The man [?] my [?] sir [?]Brooklawn Blackrock Co Dublin 15th July Dear Sir Mrs. Allen has aske me to write and say she is arranging to have a company to meet you here, on Tuesday evening the 26th and hopes you will lodge here. Believe me Yours truly [G?] Agnew 2753To Educators. How scholars, the religious and secular press recommend Dr. Weisse's "Origin, Progress and Destiny of the English Language and Literature." The short passages are extracted from letters and reviews, to save precious time to ladies and gentlemen connected with education: We commend the work especially to all teachers, who will find here much to interest their classes. He who does not possess this volume will find himself at great disadvantage compared with its fortunate possesser. S. Austin Allibone. I trust nothing will deter you from proceeding with your important work. The English language has an immense future. I am struck by your minute and faithful labors, which cannot fail to throw light on the English language and prepare us to appreciate its destinies, &c. Charles Sumner. The publications you propose will be works of true value, and will be of great advantage to education and to the cause of civilization, &c. Cyrus Nutt, D.D., President of Indiana State University. I think your book will be of excelling value, not only in promoting a true knowledge of the sources and character of our English tongue, but in forwarding in many ways the civilization of the human race, &c. W. A. Stearns, President of Amherst College. Dr. Weisse's book is one of high educational value, and is worthy of the attentive examination of all professors and teachers in our higher institutions. We heartily commend the work to the educational authorities of America, who will find it a useful work of reference and a text-book of great value to their higher classes, &c. --New York Herald It seems to me, that the method you have adopted cannot fail to give very valuable and curious results, not only as regards the existing condition of the English tongue, but also as regards what one might term its biography, &c. John W. Draper. Dr. Weisse's book is not only an acquisition to the literature of the age, but is destined to work a revolution of sentiment among scholars of all nations, &c. In it the student will find ample scope for research, the scholar the widest field for the application of his highest attainments, whilst as a book for institutions of learning and use in common schools, it will be found of incalculable value both to teachers and pupils. --Hawaiian Gazette, Honolulu, Sandwich Islands. I feel that your book must have efficacy as an agent in the universality of the English. Its arguments seem to me conclusive. M. Anna Lynch, President of the Elmira Female College. No library can be completed without a copy of it. --Hebrew Leader, New York. No branch of knowledge can be more worthy of investigation and elucidation, than that which so worthily engages your pen, &c. C. F. Robertson, Bishop of Missouri. A great educational want supplied. The chief merit of Dr. Weisse's work is, that he has given to the innumerable millions of hitherto neglected users of English the means to trace, without trouble, how this noble tongue has grown up through Anglo-Saxon, Norman-French, Gotho-Germanic, Greek and Latin, into its present sturdy and ample proportions. Hence he has wrested the knowledge of the English language from the precincts of the universities, and brought it to the fire-sides of so many millions who speak English, &c. But this is not a mere school book, and we must convey no such idea. Although it is a work of colossal learning, it is among the most readable of books, &c. --Pen and Plow, New York. Resolved, That we, the Board of Education of the State of Nevada, have read the valuable treatise of Dr. Weisse with interest, and heartily approve of his method and design. R. L. Bradley, Governor of Nevada. John Day, A. N. Fisher. We can heartily commend the volume as useful to all students of English.-- New York Churchman. I trust that your effort to simplify and perfect the English may receive the hearty co-operation of every English-speaking educator. Alonzo Abernethy, Superintendent of Public Instruction of the State of Iowa. English a classical tongue. The English idiom, as Dr. Weisse has demonstrated, contains the choicest Greco-Latin, Gotho-Germanic, and Celtic elements, and ought, therefore, to be diligently studied, especially with a view so to simplify the uttering, writing and printing of the language as to make it fit for universal adoption. We have often urged, that the English language is entitled to special study in our schools and colleges. --New York Evening Express. St. Petersburg, British Embassy, 23d April (5th May), 1879. It is a marvellous monument of industry, learning and acumen, and will serve to enrich the libraries of the world, &c. Dufferin. A work which will certainly command attention, is that by John A. Weisse, M.D. The scope of the author's undertaking is almost encyclopedic, for it contemplates nothing less than a minute and exhaustive analysis of our English speech and its literary monuments, &c. -- New York Sun. The success of your undertaking would be a lasting benefit to mankind, and your praiseworthy and laborious efforts deserve success, &c. S. E. Church, Chief Justice of the Court of Appeals of the State of New York. The analytic and historic portion of Dr. Weisse's work is of a character to merit the grace and respectful consideration of scholars, &c. --Harpers Monthly Magazine, New York. It ought especially to be of use in the education of the young, and its worth will no doubt be appreciated by those connected with educational work. Katharine King, Richmond Villas Templemore, Tipperary, Ireland. Its author has analyzed the philosophy of language by a new method, so thorough that the deepest scholar cannot cut a flaw in it; so clear that a schoolboy of fifteen can comprehend it, &c. The conclusion arrived at by our author, following the structure and history of the language, from the sixth century to the present time, is that English consists of about three parts of Greco Latin, and one part of Anglo-Saxon words, and that Anglo-Saxon or Gotho-Germanic ideas have been fading from the English idiom for five centuries, &c.--The Press, Philadelphia. I have dwelt somewhat at length upon the Greeks and Romans, because, according to Dr. Weisse's recent work on the "Origin, Progress and Destiny of the English Language and Literature," 68 per cent. of the language, used by our best writers from Shakespeare to Tennyson, is derived from Greco-Latin roots, &c. W. L. Wood, LL.D., Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the College of the City of New York. Dr. Weisse has verified his results from English authors by averaging Webster's and Walker's Dictionaries. He found them to contain 70 per cent. Greco-Latin words and 27 per cent. Gotho-Germanic. These figures correspond nearly with those he had reached by the other process. It may be taken for granted, therefore, that the average English style contains 68 to 70 per cent. words derived from the Greek or Latin, principally through the French, and 27 to 30 per cent. Gotho-Germanic words, the remainder being words of Celtic or Semitic origin, &c. --Chicago Tribune. Your work is of great value and interest for many reasons. Among others it bears upon a question very much discussed at this time, "how far the study of the ancient languages is useful?" I think your book should be put into the hands of the Presidents and Professors of our colleges, &c. Horatio Seymour. Dr. Weisse's book is an analysis of the English language, from the earliest Anglo-Saxon period until now, and as such meets a long-felt want, &c. --Zion's Herald, Boston. A new method to analyze the English language and literature, one which, if fully carried out, cannot fail to confer distinction on its author, and to influence the educational employment of the English language, &c. John H. Lefroy, R.A., C.B., Governor of the Bermudas. The wideness of the ground, from which Dr. Weisse draws his facts, added to the careful way in which he examines and presents them to his readers, makes his book very valuable to the student of English. There is so much of fact and so little of theory, &c. --New York World. Dr. Weisse's new work is a book of books, and should be known wherever the English language is spoken. If this book is read as extensively as it should be, it must achieve what it proposes, &c.--Indian Spectator, Bombay, India. The student has only to follow the author's account from century to century and conviction will inevitably follow the effort. --National Republican, Washington. We have here a volume of value, and of real interest, to every scholar, &c. It will be highly prized by students of the language, &c --New York Observer. You ought to have few works printed in this way--and then contrive to have select classes of young people in the public primary schools taught to read in them. It is the rising generation that is to consider whether this [?]hearty co-operation of every English-speaking educator. Alonzo Abernethy, Superintendent of Public Instruction of the State of Iowa. ENGLISH A CLASSICAL TONGUE The English idiom, as Dr. Weisse has demonstrated, contains the choicest Greco-Latin, Gotho-Germanic, and Celtic elements, and ought, therefore, to be diligently studied, especially with a view so to simplify the uttering, writing and printing of the language as to make it fit for universal adoption. We have often urged, that the English language is entitled to special study in our schools and colleges. --New York Evening Express St. Petersburg, British Embassy, 23d April (5th May), 1879. It is a marvellous monument of industry, learning and acumen, and will serve to enrich the libraries of the world, &c. Dufferin. A work which will certainly command attention, is that by John. A. Weisse, M.D. The scope of the author's understanding is almost encyclopedic, for it contemplates nothing less than a minute and exhaustive analysis of our English speech and its literary monuments, &c. -- New York Sun. The success of your understanding would be a lasting benefit to mankind, and your praiseworthy and laborious efforts deserve success, &c. S.E. Church, Chief Justice of the Court of Appeals of the State of New York. The analytic and historic portion of Dr. Weisse's work is of a character to merit the grace and respectful consideration of scholars, &c. ---Harper's Monthly Magazine, New York. It ought especially to be of use in the education of the young, and its worth will no doubt be appreciated by those connected with educational work. Katharine King, Richmond Villas Templemore, Tipperary, Ireland. Its author has analyzed the philosophy of language by a new method, so thorough that the deepest scholar cannot cut a flaw in it; so clear that a schoolboy of fifteen can comprehend it, &c. The conclusion arrived at by our author, following the structure and history of the language, from the sixth century to the present time, is that English consists of about three parts of Greco Latin, and one part of Anglo-Saxon, and that Anglo-Saxon or Gotho-Germanic ideas have been fading from the English idiom for five centuries, &c. ---The Press, Philadelphia. I have dwelt somewhat at length upon the Greeks and Romans, because, according to Dr. Weisse's recent work on the "Origian, Progress and Destiny of the English Language and Literature," 68 per cent. of the language used by our best writers from Shakespeare to Tennyson, is derived from Greco-Latin roots, &c. W. L. Wood, LL.D., Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the College of the City of New York Dr. Weisse has verified his results from English authors by averaging Webster's and Walker's Dictionaries. He found them to contain 70 per cent. Greco-Latin words and 27 per cent. Gotho-Germanic. These figures correspond nearly with those he had reached by the other process. It may be taken for granted, therefore, that the average English style contains 68 to 70 per cent. words derived from the Greek or Latin, principally through the French, and 27 to 30 per cent. Gotho-Germanic words, the remainder being words of Celtic or Semitic origin, &c. ---Chicago Tribune. Your work is of great value and interest for many reasons. Among others it bears upon a question very much discussed at this time. "how far the study of the ancient languages is useful?" I think your book should be put into the hands of the Presidents and Professors of our colleges, &c. Horatio Seymour Dr. Weisse's book is an analysis of the English language, from the earliest Anglo-Saxon period until now, and as such meets a long-felt want, &c. ---Zion's Herald, Boston. A new method to analyze the English language and literature, one which, if fully carried outm cannot fail to confer distinction on its author, and to influence the educational employment of the English language, &c. John H. Lefroy, R.A., C.B., Governor of the Bermudas. The wideness of the ground, from which Dr. Weisse draws his facts, added to the careful way in which he examines and presents them to his readers, makes his book very valuable to the student of English. There is so much of fact and so little of theory, &c. ---New York World. Dr. Weisse's new work is a book of books, and should be known wherever the English language is spoken. If this book is read as extensively as it should be, it must achieve what it proposes, &c. --- Indian Spectator, Bombay, India. The student has only to follow the author's account from century to century and conviction will inevitably follow the effort. ---National Republican, Washington. We have here a volume of value, and of real interest, to every scholar, &c. It will be highly prized by students of the language. &c ---New York Observer. You ought to have a few works printed in this way -- and then contrive to have select classes of young people in the public primary schools taught to read in them. It is the rising generation that is to consider, whether this new order of things should be adopted, &c. C. H. Hitchcock. Your plan of popularizing the English language and making it a universal necessity will simplify commerce, facilitate travel and favor universal education, &c. Silas M. Stilwell. America has professorships for Greek and Latin; is it not time that she should have professorships of Anglo-Saxon and English, at least in her universities and normal schools, so that the next generation might realize the origin and progress of their native tongue, as revealed by Dr. Weisse's analysis, &c. --- Banner of Light, Boston. Dr. Weisse's accoount of the origin and progress of the English language is an eminently meritorious work. A book, which gives the ordinary reader a general account of English antiquities and philology, is a valuable contribution to the education of a people, &c. --- London Saturday Review. Dr. Weisse's book is a sort of epitomic encyclopedia. Teachers, pulpit orators, scientists, legislators, journalists, historians, poets, dramatists and novelists, may here find something about the growth of their respective vocabularies. The reader is led through a vista of fourteen centuries of linguistic, literary and biographic progress, only to regret that there are not three thousand years of it, &c. --- The Nation, New York. If the English tongue really is the best for general adoption, our young men should know that fact and be taught to appreciate its import at once in a national point of view. I should be very glad to see a compendium of your book adapted to our public schools, &c. Robert Dale Owen. With the fifth century the author follows down to our day, giving space to the most eminent authors of each epoch, and telling the effect each one had upon his own time and its idiom. It deserves a place on every library shelf, &c. --- The Continent and Swiss Times, Geneva, Switzerland. Dr. Weisse has done his work very thoroughly, and all English-speaking people owe him a debt of gratitude for showing forth the beauty, simplicity, and dignity of our speech, &c. --- Catholic Review, New York. The special claim of Dr. Weisse to the attention of the erudite roots on his new and scientific mode of analyzing the English language, &c. His elaborate treatise will be exceedingly useful in calling attention to the importance of introducing into our schools and colleges the systematic study of the English language and literature, &c. --- New York Evangelist. Should not a book, so highly recommended, by in our schools?I [was] am exceedingly amused by your attempts to make speeches on all occasions that occurs to you. You must certainly be aware that you or any of the governments on this earth cannot make laws to make a negro socially or intellectually the Peer or equal of a white man who is born and bred a gentleman no man in this world can become a gentleman unless he is born into all the advantages in this world, that may fall to his lot. cannot make him a gentleman unless he is born one. Therefore no negro is born a gentleman and it is an impossibility, that he ever can become a gentleman, God intended your race to be hewers of wood. And bringers of water. [*2664*]2 I like you and your race, in the former Capacity.. I am in favor of you and your people having your own Doctors. lawyers and ministers educated at Negro institutions. Although I am not in favor of educating the colored race, as it tends to make them too ambitious, then they want to be admitted to the best of white society, which should be discouraged and put down on all occasions. I have not the slightest objections of your race mixing with Yankees, as it is my opinion that they and the negro race are on the same equality as it is impossible for a Yankee to be born a Gentleman unless some of the European or English nobility happened to be travelling in this Country and the birth of a child should take place in any of the Yankee States, in that case if it was a male in this country, take title of Lady and Gentleman if perverted. And on all occasions misapplied. this communication is from a Gentleman born and bred.he would be born a gentleman, if a female she would be born a lady. of course we all know that low/degraded men marry negro women, and vice versa common white women marry negro men, you must be aware, that this government give positions to negroes, for the purpose of using them, and obtaining their votes for the party in power. This is the simple reason, that you and Bruce receive appointments, the white blood diffused, in your system and his, has a tendency to make you more intelligent men, than the common run of your race, it is all owing to the above mentioned cause, therefore thank the white current in your blood for your good luck, no matter what positions your race are given, you cannot thrust, your presence on white ladiesand gentlemen, those who tolerate your race socially, are those who are descended from dirt, and mend sills, or common trades people. therefore no better than your self. in my estimation many persons who I can mention owe their present position to the negro, they as a matter of course, can afford to patronise him, as it pays them to do so, many the number in General Howard, Mr G. Emery and several others, who are to numerous to mention, it is no honor to associate with such men, for the simple reason, they associate with the negro, neither is it no honor to go to the white [house?] in public occasions, for the simple reason you will have to mix up with the negro, as well as rag tag and bobtailTHE DEPARTMENTS AND BOARDS. 1892-1896. PUBLICATION DEPARTMENT, 631 PINE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. Bishop Benjamin T. Tanner, D.D., President Rev. J.C. Embry, D.D., Gen'l Business Manager Rev. Henry T. Johnson, D.D., Ph. D., Editor of Christian Recorder Rev. Levi J. Coppin, D.D., Editor of the A.M.E. Review. SOUTHERN CHRISTIAN RECORDER BOARD, NEW ORLEANS, LA. Bishop Benj. F. Lee, D.D., LL. D., President. Rev. A.M. Green, A. M., D. D., Editor of Southern Christian Recorder. FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT, 1535 14TH ST., N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. Bishop A. W. Wayman, D.D., President. Rev. J. H. Armstrong, D. D., Financial Secretary MISSIONARY DEPARTMENT, 62 BIBLE HOUSE, NEW YORK CITY. Bishop H. M. Turner, D D, LL, D, D C I., Pres't. Rev. Wm. B. Derrick, D. D., Secretary. EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT. 529 NORTH LUMPKIN STREET, ATHENS, GA. Bishop Benjamin W. Arnett, D.D., President. Bishop J. A. Handy, D. D., Vice President. Rev. W. D. Johnson, D. D., Secretary. SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION BOARD, PUBLIC SQUARE, NASHVILLE, TENN. Bishop A.w. Wayman, D. D., President. Rev. C. S. Smith, M. D., D. D., Secretary CHURCH EXTENSION BOARD. Bishop A. Grant, D. D., President. Rev. C. T. Shaffer, M. D . D. D., Secretary. HISTORIC AND LITERARY SOCIETY. Bishop B. T. Tanner, D. D., President EPISCOPAL DISTRICTS. 1st Philadelphia, New York, New Jersey, and New England Conferences. Bishop B. T. Tanner, 2908 Diamond Ave., Phila., Pa. 2nd Baltimore, Virginia and North Carolina, North East Carolina Conferences, Bishop W J Gaines, 314 Huston Street, Atlanta, Ga 3rd Ohio, North Ohio, and Pittsburg Conferences, Bishop B W Arnett. Wilberforce, Greene County, Ohio. 4th Indiana, Illinois and Iowa Conferences, Bishop A.W Wayman, 1159 E. Baltimore St. Baltimore, Md. 5th Missouri, North Missouri, Kansas and Colorado Conferences, Bishop J A Handy, 619 Troupe Ave., Kansas City, Kas. 6th Georgia, North Georgia, Macon, Alabama, North Alabama and Selma Conferences, Bishop A Grant, Atlanta, Ga 7th South Carolina, Columbia and Northeast South Carolina Conferences. Bishop M B Salters, 109 Taylor Street, Columbia, S C 8th Florida, East Florida and South Florida, Conferences, Bishop A Grant. 9th Mississippi, Middle Mississippi, Arkansas West Arkansas and Indian Territory Conferences, Bishop H M Turner, 28 Young St., Atlanta, Ga and 1923 Ann St. Phila, Pa. 10th Louisiana, North Louisiana, Texas. West Texas, Central Texas, Northeast Texas, Puget Sound and Oregon Conferences, Bishop B F Lee, Waco, Texas 11th Kentucky and West Kentucky Conferences, Bishop W J Gaines. Tennessee and West Tennessee Conferences, Bishop M B Salters. 12th Michigan, Ontario, Nova Scotia, Bermuda and African Conferences, Bishop H M Turner. GENERAL OFFICERS' ADDRESSES. Rev. C. S. Smith, M. D., D. D., Sec. S. S. Union, Nashville, Tenn. Rev L. J. Coppin, D. D. Editor A. M. E. REVIEW 631 Pine Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Rev. J. C. Embry, D. D., Publisher CHRISTIAN RECORDER, 631 Pine St., Philda., Pa. Rev. H. T. Johnson, D. D ., Ph. D., Editor CHRISTIAN RECORDER, 631 Pine St., Phila ,PA Rev. W. B. Derrick, D. D., Cor. Sec. of Missions, Flushing, L. I. Rev. J. H. Armstrong, A. M., Sec. of Finance, 1535 4th Street, N. W Washington, D. C. Rev. W. D. Johnson, D. D., Secretary of Education, Athens, Ga. Rev. A. M. Green, D. D., Editor SOUTHERN CHRISTIAN RECORDER, New Orleans, La. "God Our Father,-Christ Our Redeemer,-Man Our Brother." 1739 1787 1816 1894. EPISCOPAL ROOMS of the Third Episcopal District of the African Methodist Episcopal Church Bishop A. W. Wayman, D. D., Senior Bishop and President of Bishops' Council, 1129 E. Baltimore St., Balto., Md Bishop Benjamin W. Arnett, D. D., Secretary of Bishops' Council, Tawawa Chimney Corner, Wilberforce, O. "The Ashley Souvenir" Wilberforce University, Green County, Ohio. Dear Sir:- The committee charged with the compilation and publication of the "Souvenir," presented to Hon. James M. Ashley of Ohio, have been directed by the "Afro-American League of Tennessee" to send to such gentlemen as we may know to be recognized friends of our race a copy of the Library Edition of the Souvenir which has just been published by our Book House in Philadelphia. Please accept with the compliments of the officers of the League and our Committee. We should be pleased to receive a word from you in commendation of the book and any suggestion you may be good enough to make in aiding us to place this historic volume in the hands of our clergymen of all denominations, our college professors and the public teachers of our race. The book will be sold for two dollars and fifty cents a single copy, delivered or sent by express or mail, prepaid. The conditions on which we gained the right to publish and sell the book were, "That the net proceeds arising from its sale, should be devoted to the preparation of young colored men and women to become teachers, and the moral instructors of the children of the American freedmen." For this purpose we propose to publish a larger edition. You will be kind enough to acknowledge receipt of the book, with a word of good cheer and such an indorsement as you may think proper to give it. Address the undersigned at Wilberforce University, Green County, Ohio Yours for God and the Race, Benjamin W. Arnett, Chairman. To10 For material 25 - Rail Road 15 __ 50LETTER FROM FREDERICK DOUGLASS TO HIS OLD MASTER. Extracted from the “ North Star.” To my old Master, Thomas Auld. Sir,—The long and intimate, though by no means friendly relation which unhappily subsisted between you and myself leads me to hope that you will easily account for the great liberty which I now take in addressing you in this open and public manner. The same fact may possibly remove any disagreeable surprise which you may experience on again finding your name coupled with mine, in any other way than in an advertisement, accurately describing my person, and offering a large sum for my arrest. In thus dragging you again before the public, I am aware that I shall subject myself to no inconsiderable amount of censure. I shall probably be charged with an unwarrantable, if not a wanton and reckless disregard of the rights and a proprieties of private life. There are those North as well as South who entertain a much higher respect for rights which are merely conventional, than they do for rights which are personal and essential. Not a few there are in our country, who, while they have no scruples against robbing the labourer of the hard earned results of his patient industry, will be shocked by the extremely indelicate manner of bringing your name before the public. Believing this to be the case, and wishing to meet every reasonable or plausible objection to my conduct, I will frankly state the ground upon which I justify myself in this instance, as well as on former occasions when I have thought proper to mention your name in public. All will agree that a man guilty of theft, robbery, or murder, has forfeited the right to concealment and private life; that the community have a right to subject such persons to the most complete exposure. However much they may desire retirement, and aim to conceal themselves and their movements from the popular gaze, the public have a right to ferret them out, and bring their conduct before the proper tribunals of the country for investigation. Sir, you will undoubtedly make the proper application of these generally admitted principles, and will easily see the light in which you are regarded by me, I will not therefore manifest ill temper, by calling you hard names. I know you to be a man of some intelligence, and can readily determine the precise estimate which I entertain of your character. I may therefore indulge in language which may seem to others indirect and ambiguous, and yet be quite well understood by yourself. I have selected this day on which to address you, because it is the anniversary of my emancipation; and knowing no better way, I am led to this as the best mode of celebrating that truly important event. Just ten years ago this beautiful September morning, yon bright sun beheld me a slave -- a poor degraded chattel--trembling at the sound of your voice, lamenting that I was a man, and wishing myself a brute. The hopes which I had treasured up for weeks of a safe and successful escape from your grasp\, were powerfully confronted at this last hour by dark clouds of doubt and fear, making my person shake and my bosom to heave with the heavy contest between hope and fear. I have no words to describe to you the deep agony of soul which I experienced on that never-to-be-forgotten morning--(for I left by daylight). I was making a leap in the dark. The probabilities, so far as I could by reason determine them, were stoutly against the undertaking. The preliminaries and precautions I had adopted previously, all worked badly. I was like one going to war without weapons--ten chance of defeat to one of victory. One in whom I had confided, and one who had promised me assistance, appalled by fear at the trial hour, deserted me, thus leaving the responsibility of success or failure solely with myself. You, sir, can never know my feelings. As I look back to them, I can scarcely realize that I have passed through a scene so trying. Trying however as they were, and gloomy as was the prospect, thanks be to the Most Hight, who is ever the God of the oppressed, at the moment which was to determine my whole earthly career, His grace was sufficient, my mind was made up. I embraced the golden opportunity, took the morning tide at the flood, and a free man, young, active, and strong, is the result. I have often thought I should like to explain to you the ground upon which I have justified myself in running away from you. I am almost ashamed to do so now, for by this time you may have discovered them. When yet but a child about six years old, I imbibed the determination to run away. The very first mental effort that I now remember on my part, was an attempt to solve the mystery, Why am I a slave ? and with this question my youthful mind was troubled for many days pressing upon me more heavily at times than others. When I saw the slave-driver whip a slave woman, cut the blood out of her neck, and heard her piteous cries, i went away into the corner of the fence, wept and pondered over the mystery. I had, through some medium, I know not what, got some idea of God, the Creator of all mankind, the black and the white, and that he had made the blacks to serve the whites as slaves. How he could do this and be good, I could not tell. I was not satisfied with this theory, which made God responsible for slavery, for it pained me greatly, and I have wept over it long and often. At one time, your first wife, Mrs. Lucretia. heard me singing and saw me shedding tears, and asked of me the matter, but I was afraid to tell her. I was puzzled with this question, till one night while sitting in the kitchen, I heard some of the old slaves talking of their parents having been stolen from Africa by white men, and were sold here as slaves. The whole mystery was solved at once. Very soon after this my aunt Jinny and uncle Noah ran away, and the great noise made about it by your father-in-law, made me for the first time acquainted with the fact, that there were free States as well as slave States. For that time, I resolved that tI would some day run away. The morality of the act I dispose as follows: I am myself; you are yourself; we are two distinct persons, equal persons. What you are, I am. You are a man, and so am I. God created both, and made us separate beings. I am not by nature bond to you, or you to me. Nature does not make you existence depend upon me, or mine depend upon yours. I cannot walk upon your legs, or you upon mine. I cannot breathe for you, or you for me; I must breathe for myself, and you for yourself. We are distinct persons, and are each equally provided with faculties necessary to our individual existence. In leaving you, I took nothing but what belonged to me, and in no way lessened your means for obtaining an honest living. Your faculties4 remained yours, and mine became useful to their rightful owner. I therefore see no wrong in any part of the transaction. It is true, I went off secretly, but that was more your fault than mine. Had I let you into the secret, you would have defeated the enterprise entirely; but for this, I should have been really glad to have made you acquainted with my intentions to leave. You may perhaps want to know how I like my present condition. I am free to say, I greatly prefer it to that which I occupied in Maryland. I am, however, by no means prejudiced against the State as such. Its geography, climate, fertility, and products, are such as to make it very desirable abode for any man; and but for the existence of slavery there, it is not impossible that I might again take up my abode in that State. It is not that I love Maryland less, but freedom more. You will be surprised to learn that people at the North labour under the strange delusion that if the slaves were emancipated at the South, they would flock to the North. So far from this being the case in that event, you would see many old and familiar faces back again to the South in the event of emancipation. We want to live in the land of our birth, and to lay our bones by the side of our fathers'; and nothing short of an intense love of personal freedom keeps us from the South. For the sake of this, most of us would live on a crust of bread and a cup of cold water. Since I left you, I have had a rich experience. I have occupied stations which I never dreamed of when a slave. Three out of the ten years since I left you, I spent as a common labourer on the wharves of New Bedford, Massachusetts. It was there I earned my first free dollar. It was mine. I could spend it as I pleased. I could buy hams or herring with it, without asking any odds of any body. That was a precious dollar to me. You remember when I used to make seven or eight, or even nine dollars a week in Baltimore, you would take every cent of it from me every Saturday night, saying that I belonged to you, and my earnings also. I never liked this conduct on your part - to say the best, I thought it a little mean. I would not have served you so. But let that pass. I was a little awkward about counting money in New England fashion when I first landed in New Bedford. I was like to have betrayed myself several times. I caught myself saying phip, for fourpence; and at one time a man actually charged me with being a runaway, whereupon I was silly enough to become one by running away from him,for I was greatly afraid he might adopt measures to get me again into slavery, a condition I then dreaded more than death. I soon, however, learned to count money, as well as to make it, and got on swimmingly. I married soon after leaving you: in fact, I was engaged to be married before I left you ; and instead of finding my companion a burden, she was truly a helpmate. She went to live at service, and I to work on the wharf, and though we toiled hard the first winter, we never lived more happily. After remaining in New Bedford for three years, I met with Wm. Lloyd Garrison, a person of whom you have possibly heard, as he is pretty generally known among slaveholders. He put it into my head that I might make myself serviceable to the cause of the slave by devoting a portion of my time to telling my own sorrows, and those of other slaves, which had come under my observation. This was the commencement of a higher state of existence than any to which I had ever aspired. I was thrown into society the most pure, enlightened, and benevolent, that the country affords. Among these I have never forgotten you, but have invariably made you the topic of conversation—thus giving you all the notoriety I could do. I need not tell you that the opinion formed of you in these circles is far from being favourable. They have little respect for your honesty, and less for your religion. But I was going on to relate to you something of my interesting experience. I had not long enjoyed the excellent society to which I have referred, before the light of its excellence exerted a beneficial influence on my mind and heart. Much of my early dislike of white persons was removed, and their manners, habits, and customs, so entirely unlike what I had been used to in the kitchen-quarters on the plantations of the South, fairly charmed me, and gave me a strong disrelish for the coarse and degrading customs of my former condition. I therefore made an effort so to improve my mind and deportment, as to be somewhat fitted to the station to which I seemed almost providentially called. The transition from degradation to respectability was indeed great, and to get from one to the other without carrying some marks of one’s former condition, is truly a difficult matter. I would not have you think that I am now entirely clear of all plantation peculiarities, but my friends here, while they entertain the strongest dislike to them, regard me with that charity to which my past life somewhat entitles me, so that my condition in this respect is exceedingly pleasant. So far as6 my domestic affairs are concerned, I can boast of as comfortable a dwelling as your own. I have an industrious and neat companion, and four dear children—the oldest a girl of nine years, and three fine boys, the oldest eight, the next six, and the youngest four years old. The three oldest are now going regularly to school—two can read and write, and the other can spell with tolerable correctness words of two syllables. Dear fellows ! they are all in comfortable beds, and are sound asleep, perfectly secure under my own roof. There are no slaveholders here to rend my heart by snatching them from my arms, or blast a mother’s dearest hopes by tearing them from her bosom. These dear children are ours—not to work up into rice, sugar, and tobacco, but to watch over, regard, and protect, and to rear them up in the nurture and admonition of the gospel—to train them up in the paths of wisdom and virtue, and, as far as we can, to make them useful to the world and to themselves, Oh! sir, a slaveholder never appears to me so completely an agent of hell, as when I think of and look upon my dear children. It is then that my feelings rise above my control. I meant to have said more with respect to my own prosperity and happiness, but thoughts and feelings which this recital has quickened unfits me to proceed further in that direction. The grim horrors. of slavery rise in all their ghastly terror before me, the wails of millions pierce my heart and chill my blood. I remember the chain, the gag, the bloody whip, the death-like gloom overshadowing the broken spirit of the fettered bondman, the appalling liability of his being torn away from wife and children, and sold like a beast in the market. Say not that this is a picture of fancy. You well know that I wear stripes on my back inflicted by your direction ; and that you, while we were brothers in the same church, caused this right hand, with which I am now penning this letter, to be closely tied to my left, and my person dragged at the pistol's mouth, fifteen miles, from the Bay-side to Easton, to be sold like a beast in the market, for the alleged crime of intending to escape from your possession. All this and more you remember, and know to be perfectly true, not only of yourself, but of nearly all of the slaveholders around you. At this moment, you are probably the guilty holder of at least three of my own dear sisters, and my only brother in bondage. These you regard as your property. They are recorded on your ledger, or perhaps have been sold to human flesh-mongers, with a view to filling your own ever-hungry purse. Sir, I desire to know how and where7 these dear sisters are. Have you sold them ? or are they still in your possession ? What has become of them ? are they living or dead ? And my dear old grandmother, whom you turned out like an old horse to die in the woods-- is she still alive? Write and let me know all about them. If my grandmother be still alive, she is of no service to you, for by this time she must be nearly eighty years old--too old to be cared for by one to whom she has ceased to be of service, send her to me at Rochester, or bring her to Philadelphia, and it shall be the crowning happiness of my life to take care of her in her old age. Oh ! she was to me a mother and a father, so far as hard toil for my comfort could make her such. Send me my grandmother ! that I may watch over and take care of her in her old age. And my sisters, let me know all about them. I would write to them, and learn all I want to know of them, without disturbing you in any way, but that, through your unrighteous conduct, they have been entirely deprived of the power to read and write. You have kept them in utter ignorance, and have therefore robbed them of the sweet enjoyments of writing or receiving letters from absent friends and relatives. Your wickedness and cruelty committed in this respect on your fellow-creatures, are greater than all the stripes you have laid upon my back or theirs. It is an outrage upon the soul--a war upon the immortal spirit, and one for which you must give account at the bar of our common Father and Creator. The responsibility which you have assumed in this regard is truly awful, and how you could stagger under it these many years is marvellous. Your mind must have become darkened, your heart hardened, your conscience seared and petrified, or you would have long since thrown off the accursed load and sought relief at the hands of a sin-forgiving God. How, let me ask, would you look upon me, were I some dark night, in company with a band of hardened villains, to enter the precincts of your elegant dwelling and seize the person of your own lovely daughter Amanda, and carry her off from your family, friends, and all the loved ones of her youth--make her my slave--compel her to work, and I take her wages--place her name on my ledger as property--disregard her personal rights--fetter the powers of her immortal soul by denying her the right and privilege of learning to read and write--feed her coarsely--clothe her scantily, and whip her on the naked back occasionally; more and still more horrible, leave her unprotected--a degraded victim to the brutal lust of fiendish overseers, who would pollute,8 blight, and blast her fair soul--rob her of all dignity--destroy her virtue, and annihilate in her person all the graces that adorn the character of virtuous womanhood ? I ask, How would you regard me, if such were my conduct ? Oh ! the vocabulary of the damned would not afford a word sufficiently infernal to express your idea of my God-provoking wickedness. Yet, sir, your treatment of my beloved sisters is in all essential points precisely like the case I have now supposed. Damning as would be such a deed on my part, it would be no more so than that which you have committed against me and my sisters. I will now bring this letter to a close, you shall hear from me again unless you let me hear from you. I intend to make use of you as a weapon with which to assail the system of slavery --as a means of concentrating public attention on the system, and deepening the horror of trafficking in the souls and bodies of men. I shall make use of you as a means of exposing the character of the American church and clergy-- and as a means of bringing this guilty nation with yourself to repentance. In doing this I entertain no malice towards you personally. There is no roof under which you would be more safe than mine, and there is nothing in my house which you might need for your comfort, which I would not readily grant. Indeed, I should esteem it a privilege to set you an example as to how mankind ought to treat each other. I am your fellow-man, but not your slave, FREDERICK DOUGLASS. P.S.--I send a copy of the paper containing this letter, to save postage.--F. D. Edinburgh: Printed by H. Armour, 54 South Bridge.PEDRO V. AZPURÚA, 40 & 42 Broadway, New York. The undersigned is agent for the sale of two historical works published in Spanish by his late father R. Azpurúa - Caracas - 1877. One of them is a compilation of 4599 documents arranged by chronological order of the history of a great part of Spanish America and the eventful life of Bolivar. It commences with the discovery of the Continent by Columbus and ends in 1830, and comprises principally all the events of the war of Independence, the struggle to overthrow the Spanish domination since the earliest outbreaks of insurrection which took place in the latter part of 1700. The war proper lasted 14 years. This work contains 14 vol. of 800 pages each vol. correctly printed and fairly bound. Of the political events of this era only a few will be mentioned in this notice, i. e.: 1. Expedition and campaign of Miranda to Coro 1808. Miranda was the most conspicuous General after Bolivar. 2. The overthrow of Captain-General Emparan, in Caracas, 1810. 3. Declaration of Independence, 1811. 4. Congress of Cariaco, 1817, which was an unsuccessful attempt of emulation to destroy the glories of Bolivar. 5. The execution of General Piar, 1817. All documents relating thereto were M. S. and autographs. 6. Congress of Angostura, 1818. 7. The long and triumphal march of the republican army under Bolivar from Venezuela to Peru and Bolivia, the result being the independence of those distant countries. 8. The foundation of the Republic of Bolivia [Upper Peru] by Bolivar, and the observance of a Constitution written especially by Bolivar for that creature [*3/21*]2 of his [Bolivia] 9. Congress of Rosario de Cucuta, 1828. 10. Establishment of the Republic of Colombia formed of Venezuela, New Granada and Ecuador. 11. Great Assembly of Ocaña, 1828. 12. Death of Bolivar and dissolution of the Republic of Colombia, 1830. 13. Hundreds of line battles fought and won by South American troops on perfectly well trained armies of Spain. 14. Assassination of Sucre, 1830. Sucre was one of the most conspicuous Generals of the war of independence. He was murdered by his rivals. And many other important events contained in this work. The "Document" as a great compilation of historical data, and the "Biographies" as a series of Lives of public men, are by themselves the complete history of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, and partly of the other Spanish American countries. This latter work is a series of 258 Biographies [4 vol. of 520 pages each, correctly printed and fairly bound] of prominent men of Spanish American during the war of Independence. These works have been bought by Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Mexico, etc., and by some Libraries in the United States as the Newberry Library of Chicago, the Boston Public Library, the Astor of New York and others. These works are theresult of 25 years of uninterrupted work; and the compilation of materials and printing and binding of the books were done at a cost of over $80,000. The complete works will be shown for examination and sent to purchasers on application. The Documents 14 vol., $50.00. The Biographies 4 " 10.00 Pedro V Azpurúa. General Agent for the United States and Spanish America.