BLACKWELL FAMILY ALICE STONE BLACKWELL SUBJECT FILE ArticlesThe Hebrew Standard America's Leading Jewish Family Paper ELLUL 3, 5666. VOL. XLIX No. 6. NEW YORK, FRIDAY, AUGUST 24TH, 1906. TEN CENTS PER COPY The Immigration Question. Restrictive and Labor Organizations working to secure more stringent legislation---The Liberal Immigration League in the fight--- Proper Distribution the Remedy. THE readers of the HEBREW STANDARD will remember the strenuous efforts which were made, in the last session of Congress, to secure the passage of the Gardner-Dillingham Immigration Bill. Owing to the untiring opposition of the New York deletion in the House of Representatives, the Federations of Jewish Organizations of New York and Massachusetts, and many private individuals, the plans of the immigration restrictionists were, however, frustrated. But only for the time being. The fight will be renewed when Congress meets again in the fall It should be remembered that the efforts made during the past session of Congress, to change the present immigration laws in a manner which while apparently bearing equally on all immigration was really intended to bar Russian Jewish and Italian immigrants from coming to this country. Besides the increase of the head taxes and educational test, which affects all immigrants there are two amendments, never mentioned in the general press before the recent agitation and which read as follows: Sec. 2. "That the following class of aliens shall be excluded from admission to the United States: all *** persons who are certified by the examining medical officer to be of low vitality or poor physique **** Sec. 10. "That decision of the board of special enquiry ** based upon the certificate of the examining medical officers shall be final as to the rejection of aliens afflicted ** with any mental or physical disability which would bring such aliens within any of the classes excluded from admission to the United States under section 2 of this act." "Low vitality" and "poor physique" in the pamphlets of Immigration Restriction League, and in the book on immigration by P. Hall, secretary of that League, are the phrases used particularly to refer to the incoming Russian Jews. are subjected in their journey across, that, under the provisions of the pro- posed bill, they would not be per- mitted to enter the country, the pending bill being designed to ex- clude this class of immigrants altho- gether. A sojourn in this country for only a few weeks after arriving puts this poor harried immigrant in such good sound condition that the life insur- ence companies consider him a pre- print the following list of organiza- tions working towards obtaining the passage of the Gardner Bill. Junior Order United American Mechanics; Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen; International Association of Machinists; Carpenters and Join- ers Union of America; Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners; Order Uni ted American Mechanics; Central La bor Council; American Federation of Labor; Independent Order United Moulders Union; International Broth- erhood of Maintenance of Way Em- ployees; Bricklayers and Masons In- ternational Union; United Mine Workers Union; Knights and Ladies of Honor; Board of Trade of Smyrna, Mich.; Stoneware Potters Union; Pro- tective Home Circle; Syracuse Cham- ber of Commerce; Associated Chari- ties of Cambridge, Mass; Wyoming State Federation of Women's Clubs; Daughters of Pocohontas; Columbia tas; Laborers Protective Union; Amalgamated Association of Street Electric Railway Employees; Independent Order of Royal Masons' Modern Woodmen of America; Hod Carriers and Mortar Mixers Union; Federated Trades; Sons of Veterans; Daughters of America; Bridge and Structural Iron Workers Union; Chamber of Commerce of Pittsburg Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers; Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen; Order of Railway Conducters; Patriotic Order Sons of America; Knights of Pythias; Improved Order of Red Men; Improved Order of Odd Fellows; Brotherhood of Railway Carmen; United Labor League of Western Pennsylvania; Louisville Charity Organization Society; Ancient Order United Workmen; Seattle- Ballard Shingle Weavers Local Union; Trades and Labor Federation of New Brunswick; Cigar Makers Union; Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen. The following letter sent to every Member of Congress too, shows, how determined the restrictionists are: Sons of Veterans, U. S. A., Daughters of Liberty, Daughters of America, Comb. Mem. 550,000. Patriotic Sons of Junior Order United American Mechanics. THE FEDERATION OF PATRIOTIC SOCIETIES. WASHINGTON, D. C., June 25th, 1895. TO THE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS -- Gentlemen: Public sentiment overwhelmingly de mands the passage of the G- I- Bill and the only opposition is being incited, stimulated and circulated by the steamship companies who alone profit by the present inadequate laws, and their agents are now procuring protests through deceptions, misrepresentations and pleas to racial and religious prejudices. The need of the Illiteracy test is apparent to every unbiassed and intelligent resident of our country and ALICE STONE BLACKWELL Miss Alice Stone Blackwell, whose translation of Yiddish and Hebrew poems for the Hebrew Standard are keenly appreciated by our readers, is the well- known journalist. She is co-editor of The Woman's Journal and editress of The Woman's Column. Miss Stone is an ardent advocate of the suffrage for women, is recording secretary of the Woman Suffrage Association and Chairman of the State Board of Directors of the same organization. Her sympathies are with all oppressed people, and her pen is always ready to further a good cause. Miss Blackwell is the author of a book of American poems and co-author of "The Yellow Ribbon Speaker." Her home is in Dorchester, Mass.THE HEBREW STANDARD America's Leading Jewish Family Paper ELLUL 5, 5666. VOL. XLIX No. 6 NEW YORK, FRIDAY, AUGUST 124th, 1906. TEN CENTS PER COPY The Immigration Question Restrictive and Labor Organizations working to secure more strict legislation - The Liberal Immigration League in the fight- Proper Redistribution the Remedy. THE readers of the HEBREW STANDARD will remember the strenuous efforts which were made, in the last session of Congress, to secure the passage of the Gardner-Dillingham Immigration Bill. Owing to the untiring opposition of the New York deletion in the House of Representatives, the Federations of Jewish Organizations of New York and Massachusets, and many private individuals, the plans of the immigration restrictionists were, however, frustrated. But only for the time being. The fight will be renewed when Congress meets again in the fall It should be remembered that the efforts made during the past session of Congress, to change the present immigration laws in a manner which while apparently bearing equally on all immigration was really intended to bar Russian Jewish and Italian immigrants from coming to this country. Besides the increase of the head taxes and educational test, which affects all immigrants there are two amendments, never mentioned in the general press before the recent agitation and which read as follows: Sec. 2. "That the following class of aliens shall be excluded from admission to the United States: all *** persons who are certified by the examining medical officer to be of low vitality or poor physique **** Sec. 10. "That the decision of the board of special enquiry ** based upon the certificate of examining medical officers shall be final as to the rejection of aliens afflicted ** with any mental or physical disability which would bring such aliens within any of the classes excluded from admission to the United States under section 2 of this act." "Low vitality" and "poor physique" in the pamphlets of Immigration Restriction League, and in the book on immigration by P. Hall, secretary of that League, are the phrases used particularly to refer to the incoming Russian Jews. We call attention to the fact that the "low vitality" clause in the Gardner- Dillingham immigration measure while it hurts immigration in general, especially affects the Jewish immigrants, for though not suffering from any actual disease for which they can be excluded, the immigrants fleeing from Russia are in such reduced physical condition when they reach here, by reason of the constant fear of massacre while in Russia, supplemented by the misery to which they are subjected in their journey across, that, under the provisions of the proposed bill, they would not be permitted to enter this country, the pending bill being designed to exclude this class of immigrants altogether. A sojourn in this country for only a few weeks after arriving puts this poor harried immigrant in such good sound condition that the life insurence companies consider him a preferential risk, as can be easily ascertained, while his children excel in school and college and even in athletics. Any measure which would afford the opportunity to discriminate arbitrarily against such immigrants or against healthy and honest immigrants who may seek to enter these hospitable shores, should be strenuously opposed. As an indication of how widespread is the movement for restriction we print the following list of organizations working towards obtaining the passage of the Gardner Bill. Junior Order United American Mechanics, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen; International Association of Machinists; Carpenters and Joiners Union of America; Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners; Order United American Mechanics; Central Labor Council; American Federation of Labor; Independent Order United American Mechanics; Travellers Goods and Leather Novelty Workers; Amalgamated Woodworkers International Union of America; Coopers International Union of North America; Sheet Metal Workers Union; United Labor League; Painters and Decoraters Union; United Union Workers of America; Trades and Labor Council; Associated Charities of San Jeaquin County, Cal; Journeymen Tailors Union of America; International Union of Steam Engineers; Iron Moulders Union; International Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employees; Bricklayers and Masons International Union; United Mine Workers Union; Knights and Ladies of Honor; Board of Trade of Smyrna, Mich.; Stoneware Potters Union; Protective Home Circle; Syracuse Chamber of Commerce; Associated Charities of Cambridge, Mass; Wyoming State Federation of Women's Clubs; Daughters of Pocohontas; Columbia Central Labor Union; The Ministerial Union of Troy, N.Y.; Daughters of Liberty; Garfield Republican Club of Minneapolis, Associated Charities of Fall River; Grand Amry Post at Abidene, Kansas; Associated Charities of Redland, California; Immigration Restriction League; Knights of Labor; The Erie Bureau of Charities; Associated Charities of Portland, Me; National Consumers League; Farmers National Congress; Board of Trade of Philadelphia, Pa; Degree of Pocohontas; Laborers Protective Union; Amalgamated Association of Street Electric Railway Employees; Independent Order of Royal Masons; Modern Woodmen of America; Hod Carriers and Mortar Mixers Union; Federated Trades; Sons of Veterans; Daughters of America; Bridge and Structural Iron Workers Union; Chamber of Commerce of Pittsburg Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers; Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen; Order of Railway Conducters; Patriotic Order Sons of America; Knights of Pythias; Improved Order of Red Men; Improved Order of Odd Fellows; Brotherhood of Railway Carmen; United Labor League of Western Pennsylvania; Louisville Charity Organization Society; Ancient Order United Workmen; Seattle- Ballard Shingle Weavers Local Union; Trades and Labor Federation of New Brunswick; Cigar Makers Union; Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen. The following letter sent to every Member of Congress too, shows, how determined the restrictionists are: Sons of Veterans, U.S.A., Daughters of Liberty, Daughters of America, Comb. Mem. 550,000. Patriotic Sons of Junior Order United American Mechanics. THE FEDERATION OF PATRIOTIC SOCIETIES. WASHINGTON, D.C., June 25th, [1095]. TO THE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS-- Gentlemen: Public sentiment overwhelmingly demands the passage of the G-I- Bill and the only opposition is being incited, stimulated and circulated by the steamship companies who alone profit by the present inadequate laws, and their agents are now procuring protests through deceptions, misrepresentations and pleas to racial and religious prejudices. The need of the Illiteracy test is apparent to every unbiassed and intelligent resident of our country, and we most earnestly urge you to vote for the G. D. Bill which contains that test. If this is a question of practical politics, then we feel that we know as much about the voting as the fake Federation of Hungarian, Italian and Jewish societies, whose pretentious officials are so profuse with their circulars, demands and threats. Immigration for 11 months ended May 31, 1905 was 983,080. Immigration for the month ended June 30, 1905, was 112,315: 12 months ended -- [*ALICE STONE BLACKWELL. Miss Alice Stone Blackwell, whose translations of Yiddish and Hebrew poems for the Hebrew Standard are keenly appreciated by our readers, is the well- known journalist.She is co-editor of The Woman's Journal and editress of The Woman's Column. Miss Stone is an ardent advocate of the suffrage for women, is recording secretary of the Woman Suffrage Association and Chairman of the State Board of Directors of the same organization. Her sympathies are with all oppressed people, and her pen is always ready to further a good cause. Miss Blackwell is the author of a book of American poems and co-author of "The Yellow Ribbon Speaker." Her home is in Dorchester, Mass. *]The Hebrew Standard Colgate & Co.'s Octagon Soap for general household purposes, is made without lard or any other ingredients that are objectionable to the Jewish community and we therefore recommend its use. Colgate & Co. are also manufacturers of the finest toilet soaps which are made. May 31, 1906: 1,095,395. and more coming every day to corrupt the morals of every community, establish a Sunday Beer Garden in every backyard, to further congest the slum districts and lower our standards. Respectfully yours, C. E. Redeker, Pres. In view of this active campaign it becomes doubly necessary to continue the opposition to the Gardner-Dillingham Bill. Public opinion must be enlightened, there should be held meetings, where resolutions can be drawn up to express the manifestation of public opinion in opposition to all further restrictive measures against immigration. All that was desirable in this respect has been fully attained by the recent passage of the naturalization act which thoroughly protects our citizenship. It is especially essential that the membership of the Liberal Immigration League should increase by leaps and bounds. The objects of the Liberal Immigration League are to promote the welfare of immigrants, while at the same time serving the best interests of this country. To endeavor to diminish the congestion in large cities by aiding the unemployed to go to small towns and farming districts and different parts of the country where their services will be most useful. To deflect the current of immigration to parts of the United States where the demand for labor is large, and untilled land is available, by bringing together intending immigrants in their own countries into placing them outside the congested regions and establishing them in contented villages where their Americanism will be fostered and there welfare assured; in other words, helping the immigrants to form in assigned quarters, such permanent settlements as will benefit both themselves and the country To promote, when necessary, the enactment of such legislation as will make this direction of immigration more effective. To oppose any unjust and un-American restriction of immigration. To advocate high principles that should be embodied in our National laws dealing with the subject of immigration. To educate newcomers to this country, and fit them to become intelligent, loyal and law-abiding American citizens. To distribute literature and employ other means to circulate generally the facts concerning immigration. To establish branches in all the principal cities of the United States for the above purposes. Membership in this organization can be obtained by any citizen of good character who is in sympathy with the objects, and who will pay regular dues, $1.00 a year. Any one contemplating becoming a member of the League, should send his name together with his dues to the Liberal Immigration League. P.O. Box 1261. New York City. The President of the League, the Hon. Edward Lauterbach, and the Treasurer Mr. Antonio Zucca, Presi- ------------------------------- Refuse to Open U.S. Branch. -------- The directors of the Jewish Colonial Trust have refused to establish a branch of their institution in New York. The Federation of American Zionists has received an official communication in which the reasons are given for not meeting the wishes of the Federation. The letter reads: "Referring to your favor of the 20th ult., I am instructed by my Board to forward you the following resolution which was adopted at their meeting held on the 16th of July in London. "The Board has carefully considered the proposal submitted to it by the Executive Committee of the Federation of American Zionists, New York, and while not unmindful of the many advantages that may accrue from the establishment of a branch in New York, it is not able, at the present time, to entertain the proposal, because the newly-established prospective branches in Palestine demand all the efforts of the management of the Jewish Colonial Trust, and also, because, in consideration of the somewhat moderate means of the Bank, it would not be advisable to split up its energies and aims. The Board tenders, however, its thanks to the gentlemen who have assisted in formulating and submitting the aforementioned proposal, for the interest taken in this matter, and hereby instructs its secretary to bring this resolution to the cognizance of all parties concerned. Yours faithfully, H. Neuman, Secretary.'" ------------------------------- No Change in Zionist Platform. -------- The official organ of the Zionist movement, Die Welt, in a recent issue, enters a protest against the assumption that the joint conference of Zionists, Itoists and others, which took place in London on the initiative of the Hon. Oscar S. Staus, was indicative of a desire on the part of Zionists to forego their programme should the Territorialists submit a practical colonizing project. Die Welt says: "The Zionists can, therefore, content themselves with cordially thanking Mr. Oscar Straus for his efforts, and relying on their own strength, and, unconcerned about current and side tendencies, pursue their path further on. But, in conclusion, in view of certain wrong interpretations which the London Conference has given rise to in a portion of the Jewish press, it appears to be necessary symphatically to contradict that fantastic view which is given, for instance, in the London Jewish World. The Jewish World thinks -- it does not appear how -- that it can draw the conclusion from the resolutions that a reprochment of the programme has taken place between Zionists and Itoists. and that the first ------------------------------- From the Port Jarvis (N.Y.) Gazette. An Important Factor. -------- Hebrews in Sullivan and Ulster Counties Have Bought Up Over 1200 Farms. -------- People of the Hebrew faith are getting to be an important factor in the development of a large portion of Sullivan county and of the bordering town of Wawarsing, in Ulster county. It is estimated that within the past four or five years 12 farms have been purchased on the strip of land embracing about ten miles in width and twenty miles in length. Nearly every one of the purchased farm houses is used as a summer boarding house and much of the produce of the land is consumed on the place by the boarders, the great majority of whom are of the same religious faith as the owners of the farms and the boarding houses. The presence of these people does much to put money in circulation in the region mentioned and keeps up the price of poultry, eggs and vegetables. Their coming has enabled many a poor farmer to get rid of land from which he could not get a living before the day of the summer boarder. In business matters and especially in the business of buying and selling real estate they are far ahead of the farmer inhabitants. Other Ulster real estate agents have heretofore been satisfied with a commission of 2 per cent. while these people are not satisfied with 5 per cent., and many of them get 10 per cent. They do not have to sell many farms and boarding houses at prices ranging from $2,500 to $4,000 before they make a small fortune. Every day during the summer boarding season at least 30 mountain wagons come to the village of Ellenville loaded with summer boarders and while in the village they spend a great deal of money. It is a little wonder that the stock of the Ontario & Western Railroad goes up, as the great majority of these people come and go on the railroad. These people have come not to spy out the land and see if it floats with milk and honey. They know it does and they have come to stay and bear their share in the payment of taxes. They are as a rule law abiding people and will make good citizens. In time also they may get better results from the cultivation of the land than the old time farmers. At the present time their methods are much criticized but every year there will be an improvement in this regard. ------------------------------- Even the fellow who is his own best friend can't get along very well without a few others. ------------------------------- FREE SONS OF ISRAEL. -------- Office of the District Grand Lodge No. 2, 108 La Salle Street, Chicago, Ill. Office of the Grand Lodge of the United States and District Grand Lodge No. 1, 1161 Madison Avenue. ------------------------------- Telephone 5354-79th. Francis J. Brodil, M.D. 211 EAST 78TH STREET, BET. 2D AND 3D AVES. NEW YORK CITY. Office Hours: 8-9.30 A. M. 12-1.30 P. M. SUNDAYS UNTIL 10.30 A. M. JUNE, JULY, AUGUST 8-9.30 A. M., 7-8 P. M. ------------------------------- BILLIARD AND POOL TABLES. BOWLING ALLEYS AND SUPPLIES. INTERIOR WOODWORK OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. CABINET WORK OF HIGH AND MEDIUM GRADE. The Brunswick-Balke- Collender Co. Salesroom: 227-229 Fourth avenue, N. Y. Factory: Long Island City. ------------------------------- CHARLES LIGHTE. WILLIAM LIGHTE LIGHTE & BRO. TRADE MARK. 505,507 509&511 EAST 17TH ST. N.Y. MINERAL WATERS In Bottles, Jugs and Puritans MANUFACTURED IN FOUNTAINS Soda Water Root Beer Lemon Soda Sarsaparilla Ginger Ale Selters Vichy Kissingen Geyser MANUFACTURED IN SYPHONS Carbonic Selters Vichy Kissingen Citrate of Magnesia Vichy with Lithia ------------------------------- YOUMANS Silk-Opera-Derby Soft and Ladies Hats YOUMANS ESTABLISHED 1862 NEW YORK In choosing his hat a Gentleman never grudges cost if Quality and Style be assured Youmans Hats are $5, and worth it. Ladies' Department 536 Fifth Avenue, New York. 1107 Broadway 158 Broadway 536 Fifth Ave. ------------------------------- THE NATIONAL SMOKED FISH AND PROVISION CO.,INC. 90-96 VAN DYKE STREET, BROOKLYN, N. Y. The largest smokers of Columbia River Salmon in the world. Sturgeon, Whitefish, Smoked Herring and all other Smoked Fish fresh every day.Colgate & Co.'s Octagon Soap for general house- hold purposes, is made without lard or any other ingredients that are objectional to the Jewish community and we therefore recommend its use. Colgate & Co. are also manufac- turers of the finest toilet soaps which are made. May 31, 1906: 1,095,395 and more coming everyday to corrupt the morals of every community, estab- lish a Sunday Beer Garden in every backyard, to further congest the slum districts and lower our standards. Respectfully yours, C. E. Redekker, Press. in view of this active campaign it becomes doubly necessary to continue the opposition to the Gardner- Dil- lingham Bill. Public opinion must be enlightened, there should be held meetings, where resolutions can be drawn up to express the manifesta- tion of public opinion in opposition to all further restrictive measures against immigration. All that was desirable in the respect has been fully attained by the recent passsge of the naturalization act which thoroughly protects our citizenship. It is especially essential that the membership of the Liberal Immigra- tion League should increase by leaps and bounds. The objects of the Lib- eral Immigration League are to pro- mote the welfare of immigrants, while at the same time serving the best interests of this country. placing them outside the congested regions and establishing them in con- tested villages where their Ameri- canism will be fostered and there welfare assured ; in other words, help- ing the immigrants to form in as- signed quarters, such permanent set tlements as will benefit both them- selves and the country. To promote, when necessary, the enactment of such legislation as will make this direction of immigration more effective. To oppose any unjust and un-Amer- ican restriction of immigration. To advocate high principles that should be embodied in our National laws dealing with the subject of im migration. To educate newcomers to this coun try, and fit them to become intelli- gent, loyal and law-abiding American citizens. To distribute literature and employ other means to circulate generally the facts concerning immigration. To establish branches in all the principal cities of the United States for the above purposes. Membership in the organization reasons are given for not meeting the wishes of the Federation. The letter reads: " Referring to your favor of the 20th ult., I am instructed by my Board to forward you the following resolution which was adopted at their meeting held on the 16th of July in London. " The Board has carefully considered the proposal submitted to it by the Executive of American Zionists, New York, and while not unmindful of the many advantages that may accrue from the establishment of a branch in New York, it is not able, at the present time, to entertain the proposal, because the newly-established and prospective branches in Palestine demand all the efforts of the management of the Jewish Colonial Trust, and also, because, in consideration of the somewhat moderate means of the Bank, it would not be advisable to split up its energies and aims. The Board tenders, however, its thanks to the gentlemen who have assisted in formulating and submitting the aforementioned proposal, for the interest taken in this matter, and hereby instracts its secretary to bring this resolution to the cognizance of all parties concerned. Yours faithfully, H. Neuman, Secretary No Change in Zionist Platform The official organ of the Zionist movement, Die Welt, in a recent issue, enters a protest against the assumption that the joint confer ence of Zionists, Itoist and others, which took place in London on the initiative of the Hon. Oscar S. Straus, was indicative of a desire on the part of Zionist to forego their programme should the Territorialists submit a practical colonizing project. Die Welt says : " The Zionist can, therefore, content themselves with cooridally thank- ing Mr. Oscar Strauss for his efforts, and relying on their own strength, and, unconcerned about current and side tendencies, pursue their path further on. But, in conclusion, in view of contain wrong interpution?? getting to be an important factor in the development of a large portion of Sullivan county and of the border- ing town of Wawarsing, in Ulster county. It is estimated that within the past four or five years 12 farms have been purchased on the strip of land embracing about ten miles in width and twenty miles in length. Nearly every one of the purchased farm housed is used as a summer boarding house and much THE HEBREW STANDARD that there is perhaps not one Jewish business house closed on the seventh day. He could even notice in the heart of the "Ghetto," on Canal Street, that the push-cart trade is flourishing on Saturday more than on any week-day, although buyers and sellers are both Jews. The expression, Talmudic Jew, is a meaningless anti-Semitic phrase. The Talmud is partly a code, regulating the ritual and the civil laws of the Jews, and partly in a scholastic and strictly theoretical way, treating on the biblical laws which have not been practical for 2,000 years. Talmudic literature also contains historical and archeological statements, folk lore and ethical teachings, many of which are not laid down as laws, any more than the ethnical theories of Goldwin Smith are part of the American Constitution, because they appeared in a New York periodical. This does not mean that the Talmud is an altogether condemnable book. The Talmud teaches patriotism, as a duty, enjoins moral principles in commercial life, praises menial labor and is very emphatic on the duty of gratitude to one's teachers, and on the importance of cultivating the intellect. Of course, there are a number of antiquated statements in the Talmud. Rabbis of 1600 years ago believed that the sun revolved around the eart, and, provoked by oppresion, made, here and there, butter statements, against the Romans and the Parthians. Supposing that these statements are somewhat more objectionable than the compliments paid by Tacitus and other Roman authors to the Christians. Could any Roman in our days be held responsible for what Tacitus said in the days of Rabbi Akiba? Still, Goldwin Smith claims that the Jew is not "tolerant" now. His diatribe will certainly not foster the spirit of toleration, which alone can bring about the progress of the world. How do we account for the hostility to the Jews? It has three causes: Snobbery, bigotry and that mental inertia which is responsible for the survival of many other antiquated ideas. A Modern Jewish Poet. I have been urged to write for the HEBREW STANDARD an article on the spirit of Ezekiel Leavitt's poems It has as yet been my privilege to read only a small part of this author's many poetical works; but these display some characteristics so marked that the reader feels sure they must reappear in all the poet's other writings. 1.) These poems are idealistic, and often strike a high and noble note, as in "My Creed": Oh, Mother Nature, gifts deserving scorn I do not need; for other gifts I yearn- Love's changeless gifts. To suffer I am fain; Gold tempts me not; its glittering lure I spurn. I would not be a base, unworthy slave: A flatterer's cringing life I do not prize. The soulless world will not receive my words, But happy he for his ideals who dies! What need have I of notice, of men's praise? My sorrow is a stranger to them all. To fools my sufferings seem ridiculous; A thing of naught my trouble they would call. The laugh; they do not wish to comprehend; Yet enmity has in my breast no part. Lovers of mockery, passion's slaves; for you Only a sorrowing scorn dwells in my heart. 2) The author's spirit is intensely nationalistic. He is not only an idealist, but distinctly and fervently a Hebrew idealist. Wherever his body may be, his soul dwells in Zion. Over and over again, in different poems, My God, my race, I will not change For gold or jewels' fires. More than a stranger's treasure-house, A grave among my sires! 3.) The poems are profoundly mournful, as is to be expected of songs written under the shadow of the greatest tragedy of modern times the Jewish persecutions in Russia. Many of them breathe the discouragement of an ardent spirit that started out with sanguine hopes of the speedy triumph of right and freedom throughout the world, only to become convinced by sad experience that the complete victory is still far in the future. 4) The author is deeply imbued with the history of his race, a history so interesting and so wonderful that it is impossible for any open-minded person to read it without feeling his heart swell with pride over the achievements of the old Jewish heroes and heroines. This feeling is of course tenfold stronger in those who share the same ancient and heroic blood. Mr. Leavitt's poetical gift attains some of its highest flights in descanting upon the old glories of Israel, as in his remarkable poem "To My Nation," a translation of which lately appeared in the HEBREW STANDARD: "Oh my poor nation! Prince of all the East! Thou wast an eagle once, long years ago, An eagle, cleaving with her wings the In the animal kingdom, the same as with men, There are social events. It befell once of yore There was held a great festival, gallant and gay, Where the leader and host was a corpulent boar. He invited a number of pigs to the feast, And he placed them in order of rank, one and all. Then suddenly, lo! a fat sow, full of pride, Came forward, beginning in anger to bawl: "Oh, he has insulted us! Trampled, indeed, On our very honor!" (For e'en among swine, You see, there is honor). "Say, who let him in? Oh, how he has angered us! Well, this is fine!" "Why, whom do you mean?" asked the boar; and a stream Of words poured in wrath from the mouth of the sow: "An ox has intruded among us, just look!" She glared at him swinishly: "There he goes, now! " He mocks us! Down with him! A stranger is he; His object in coming must be to destroy Our fair peace and quiet, to drain the damp swamps In which all we pigs find such genuine joy; "And here, where there now is so fragrant a stench, He would set up an orchard, fields-- pastures, in fine, Where cattle will graze, and their herdsman, the fool, With his singing will silence the grunts of the swine!" "Be pacified, madame!" responded the boar, "I feel that my dignity cannot afford To expel even such an intruder unheard; I shall summon at once an advisory board." The advisory board soon appeared on the scene, And then, strictly guarded, the ox was led in:-- (Such methods the boar learned from Plehve, no doubt:)-- And, waving his tail, the boar cried, to begin; "Ox, what have you come here for? Bring me a stick!" The accused answered loudly, and paying no heed To the scared court of swine, "You would better go down To the river, you pigs, for your snouts greatly need--" "How now!" in a rage interrupted the boar. "Why, tyrant, be angry? It was not for strife Or quarrel I came here; what led me to come Was your wretched condition, your horrible life; I want to clean up the black mud, the rank filth, Which for so many years have surrounded your tribe; My wish is to lead you all out into light. And I for my help ask no payment, no bribe." "We care naught for your gardens, your orchards, your fields!" Said a pig who was on the advisory board. "More sweet in our ears is the croaking of frogs Than songs from the throats of the nightingales poured." "Let us kill him," they cried, "the fresh fellow! and then In peach we will finish our meal in the mud." "But what would you kill me for?" bellowed the ox, "And why do you wish to shed innocent blood?" "You are dangerous company for us!" they cried; And with rage and suspicion their small eyes grew big; "You are dangerous to us," they grunted and squealed, FOWNES' GLOVES are the best TEMPLE BETH-EL 5TH AVE AND 76TH STREET THE RENTING OF Pews & Seasts will be resumed at this Temple: Sunday, September 2, from 9 to 12 a.m. Tuesday, September 4, from 8 to 10 p.m. Thursday, September 6, from 8 to 10 p.m. Sunday, September 9, from 9 to 12 a.m. Tuesday, September 11, from 8 to 10 p.m. Thursday, September 13, from 8 to 10 p.m. Sunday, September 16, from 9 to 12 a.m. Tuesday, September 18, from 8 to 10 p.m. and Wednesday, September 19, from 9 to 12 a.m., when the trustees will be in attendance. This being the Second Notification, seats WILL NOT be reserved AFTER September 2. SOL SULZBERGER, President. CONGREGATION EZ CHAIM 107 EAST 92nd ST. Seats on Sale For the coming holidays by the Congregation Ez Chaim (107 East 92d street), on the following days in September: Sunday mornings from 10 to 12 and Tuesday and Thursday evenings from 8 to 10. The synagogue has been entirely redecorated and painted. Services are held in English and German. THE COMMITTEE. [?] Congregation Gates of Hope will hold services on NEW YEAR AND DAY OF ATONEMENT [?] at their temporary home in Alhambra Hall 126th St. and 7th Ave., New York. Rabbi Dr. BROWNE, its former minister, will preach six sermons during the Holidays. An excellent Cantor with Choir will officiate. This is not a "business enterprise," but the reorganization of a permanent Congregation, Congregation Orach Chaim The New Synagogue LEXINGTON AVE. Bet. 94th and 95th St, WILL BE FINISHED IN TIME FOR THE HOLIDAYS. FOR SEATS APPLY EARLY TO MR. S. M. SCHWARZSCHILD, 1469 LEXINGTON AVE., OR AFTER AUGUST 15 TO THE COMMITTEE EVERY EVENING, & TO 9 O'CLOCK AT THE NEW BUILDING. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF TEMPLE ISRAEL of Harlem will be in attendance at its present place of worship] NORTHWEST CORNER OF 129TH ST. AND SEVENTH AVE., for the purpose of Renting Seats for the coming Holidays. on the following dates: SEPTEMBER 4TH, 5TH, 11TH, 12TH, 18TH AND 19TH, AT EIGHT O'CLOCK, P.M. At all other times from this date, application may be made to MR. E. KIRSCHBERG, Shamas, No. 30 West 128th street. Telephone, 3345 Harlem. DANIEL P. HAYS, President. Congregation B'NAI JESHURUN Madison Ave. & 65th St. THE SYNAGOGUE WILL BE OPEN FOR THE RENTAL OF SEATS on and the civil laws of the Jews, and partly in a scholastic and strictly theoretical way, treating on the biblical laws which have not been practical for 2,000 years. Talmudic literature also contains historical and archeological statements, folk lore and ethical teachings, many of which are not laid down as laws, any more than the ethical theories of Goldwin Smith are part of the American Constituition, because they appeared in a New York periodical. This does not mean that the Talmud is an altogether condemnable book. The Talmud teaches patriotism, as a duty, enjoins moral principles in commercial life, praises menial labor and is statements are somewhat more objectionable than the compliments paid by Tacitus and the other Roman authors to the Christians. Could any Roman in our days be held responsible for what Tacitus said in the days of Rabbi Akiba? Still, Goldwin Smith claims that the Jew is not "tolerant" now. His diatribe will certainly not foster the spirit of toleration, which alone can bring about the progress of the world. How do we account for the hostility to the Jews? It has three causes: Snobbery, bigotry and that mental inertia which is responsible for the survival of many other antiquated ideas. A Modern Jewish Poet. I have been urged to write for the HEBREW STANDARD an article on the spirit of Ezekiel Leavitt's poems It has as yet been my privilege to read only a small part of this author's many poetical works; but these display some characteristics so marked that the reader feels sure they must reappear in all the poet's other writings. 1.) These poems are idealistic, and often strike a high and noble note, as in "My Creed": Oh, Mother Nature, gifts deserving scorn I do not need; for other gifts I yearn- Love's changeless gifts. To suffer I am fain; Gold tempts me not; its glittering lure I spurn. I would not be a base, unworthy slave: A flatterer's cringing life I do not prize. The soulless world will not receive my words, But happy he for his ideals who dies! What need have I of notice, of men's praise? My sorrow is a stranger to them all. To fools my sufferings seem ridiculous; A thing of naught my trouble they would call. The laugh; they do not wish to comprehend; Yet enmity has in my breast no part. Lovers of mockery, passion's slaves; for you Only a sorrowing scorn dwells in my heart. 2) The author's spirit is intensely nationalistic. He is not only an idealist, but distinctly and fervently a Hebrew idealist. Wherever his body may be, his soul dwells in Zion. Over and over again, in different poems, occurs the exhortation with which he closes "A Zionist Marseillaise": Our life belongs not to ourselves, but our nation; Oh, brothers, in unison work hard and long, Until to our nation at last we give freedom, To sing in our Zion once more a free song! The invincible passion with which the poet clings to this idea is very well expressed in his lines, "They Tell Me": They tell me, "Give thy nation up! The ancient graves resign; Give us thy soul—then greatness, wealth And plenty shall be thine.' They tell me, "Think not to rebuild The City, proud and tall, Of whose old splendor there is left Only a crumbling wall. "Dream not thy nation to awake Out of its slumber deep. Behold, it has so many years Lain in a marmot's sleep." False prophets, peace! Fie, charlatans! I swerve not from the goal; I will not give my honor up, I will not sell my soul. The path my fathers trod through life I follow, straight and clear. Should death demand me, I will mount The scaffold without fear. My God, my race, I will not change For gold or jewels' fires. More than a stranger's treasure-house, A grave among my sires! 3.) The poems are profoundly mournful, as is to be expected of songs written under the shadow of the greatest tragedy of modern times the Jewish persecutions in Russia. Many of them breathe the discouragement of an ardent spirit that started out with sanguine hopes of the speedy triumph of right and freedom throughout the world, only to become convinced by sad experience that the complete victory is still far in the future. 4) The author is deeply imbued with the history of his race, a history so interesting and so wonderful that it is impossible for any open-minded person to read it without feeling his heart swell with pride over the achievements of the old Jewish heroes and heroines. This feeling is of course tenfold stronger in those who share the same ancient and heroic blood. Mr. Leavitt's poetical gift attains some of its highest flights in descanting upon the old glories of Israel, as in his remarkable poem "To My Nation," a translation of which lately appeared in the HEBREW STANDARD: "Oh my poor nation! Prince of all the East! Thou wast an eagle once, long years ago. An eagle, cleaving with her wings the clouds, And resting in the lap of heaven, elate. To thee the Cherubim were wont to sing "Thou Israel, art noble, thou art great!" The sun upon thy proud and mighty head Was wont of old to shed a myriad rays; The stars of heaven used to beckon thee, And speed before thee through the sky's blue ways. 5) The poet is indefatigable in urging his people to live up to their record. He says of their persecutor: "His heart is petrified; he will not hear Thy truthful plea, how just soe'er thy case. Isreal, dream not! The tiger still will tear The sheep, where'er they be, in every place. As long as thou remainest but a sheep, So long the tiger still will lap thy gore. Awake, Oh Israel, thine ancient strength! Resume the courage of the days of yore!" 6.) Mr. Leavitt has good ability to impress a moral by means of a fable or parable, as is shown, for instance, in his humorous poem "The Pig": deed, On our very honor!" (For e'en among swine, You see, there is honor). "Say, who let him in? Oh, how he has angered us! Well, this is fine!" "Why, whom do you mean?" asked the boar; and a stream Of words poured in wrath from the mouth of the sow: "An ox has intruded among us, just look!" She glared at him swinishly: "There he goes, now! " He mocks us! Down with him! A stranger is he; His object in coming must be to destroy Our fair peace and quiet, to drain the damp swamps In which all we pigs find such genuine joy; "And here, where there now is so fragrant a stench, He would set up an orchard, fields-- pastures, in fine, Where cattle will graze, and their herdsman, the fool, With his singing will silence the grunts of the swine!" "Be pacified, madame!" responded the boar, "I feel that my dignity cannot afford To expel even such an intruder unheard; I shall summon at once an advisory board." The advisory board soon appeared on the scene, And then, strictly guarded, the ox was led in:-- (Such methods the boar learned from Plehve, no doubt:)-- And, waving his tail, the boar cried, to begin; "Ox, what have you come here for? Bring me a stick!" The accused answered loudly, and paying no heed To the scared court of swine, "You would better go down To the river, you pigs, for your snouts greatly need--" "How now!" in a rage interrupted the boar. "Why, tyrant, be angry? It was not for strife Or quarrel I came here; what led me to come Was your wretched condition, your horrible life; I want to clean up the black mud, the rank filth, Which for so many years have surrounded your tribe; My wish is to lead you all out into light. And I for my help ask no payment, no bribe." "We care naught for your gardens, your orchards, your fields!" Said a pig who was on the advisory board. "More sweet in our ears is the croaking of frogs Than songs from the throats of the nightingales poured." "Let us kill him," they cried, "the fresh fellow! and then In peace we will finish our meal in the mud." "But what would you kill me for?" bellowed the ox, "And why do you wish to shed innocent blood?" "You are dangerous company for us!" they cried; And with rage and suspicion their small eyes grew big; "You are dangerous to us," they grunted and squealed, "Because you don't want to be like us —a pig!" 7.) The poems are characterized by fiery indignation against wrong, often enforced with striking smiles and illustrations, as in "The False Prophets." Sometimes as in "The Poet to the Public," there is a note of what sounds like arrogance, but is perhaps only the legitimate self-assertion of the idealist against surrounding materialism, or the exaltation by the poet of his art in the face of coase and stupid depreciation of the divine mission of poetry. Sometimes a beautiful bit of description of natural scenery occurs in the midst of a philosophical poem, like this from "The Prophet": ***"A wondrous day, A day of spring! It seems divine repose Broods on the world around, the sun darts fire, The tall trees wave their leaves; the green grass grows; The roses all with dewy freshness gleam, As if they had been bathing in the stream. TEMPLE BETH-EL 5TH AVE AND 76TH STREET THE RENTING OF Pews & Seasts will be resumed at this Temple: Sunday, September 2, from 9 to 12 a.m. Tuesday, September 4, from 8 to 10 p.m. Thursday, September 6, from 8 to 10 p.m. Sunday, September 9, from 9 to 12 a.m. Tuesday, September 11, from 8 to 10 p.m. Thursday, September 13, from 8 to 10 p.m. Sunday, September 16, from 9 to 12 a.m. Tuesday, September 18, from 8 to 10 p.m. and Wednesday, September 19, from 9 to 12 a.m., when the trustees will be in attendance. This being the Second Notification, seats WILL NOT be reserved AFTER September 2. SOL SULZBERGER, President. CONGREGATION EZ CHAIM 107 EAST 92nd ST. Seats on Sale For the coming holidays by the Congregation Ez Chaim (107 East 92d street), on the following days in September: Sunday mornings from 10 to 12 and Tuesday and Thursday evenings from 8 to 10. The synagogue has been entirely redecorated and painted. Services are held in English and German. THE COMMITTEE. [?] Congregation Gates of Hope will hold services on NEW YEAR AND DAY OF ATONEMENT [?] at their temporary home in Alhambra Hall 126th St. and 7th Ave., New York. Rabbi Dr. BROWNE, its former minister, will preach six sermons during the Holidays. An excellent Cantor with Choir will officiate. This is not a "business enterprise," but the reorganization of a permanent Congregation, hence the seats are so cheap, only $1.00, $2.00 and $3.00 Tickets to be had at Alhambra Hall, from 2 to 9 p. m. daily and all day on Sundays. For particulars apply to ABE. DISTILLATOR, Secretary, 152 East 116th street, Young people intending to join the Jewish Ethical Cultural Society can obtain free admission tickets by addressing Dr. Browne. Congregation Orach Chaim The New Synagogue LEXINGTON AVE. Bet. 94th and 95th St, WILL BE FINISHED IN TIME FOR THE HOLIDAYS. FOR SEATS APPLY EARLY TO MR. S. M. SCHWARZSCHILD, 1469 LEXINGTON AVE., OR AFTER AUGUST 15 TO THE COMMITTEE EVERY EVENING, & TO 9 O'CLOCK AT THE NEW BUILDING. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF TEMPLE ISRAEL of Harlem will be in attendance at its present place of worship] NORTHWEST CORNER OF 129TH ST. AND SEVENTH AVE., for the purpose of Renting Seats for the coming Holidays. on the following dates: SEPTEMBER 4TH, 5TH, 11TH, 12TH, 18TH AND 19TH, AT EIGHT O'CLOCK, P.M. At all other times from this date, application may be made to MR. E. KIRSCHBERG, Shamas, No. 30 West 128th street. Telephone, 3345 Harlem. DANIEL P. HAYS, President. Congregation B'NAI JESHURUN Madison Ave. & 65th St. THE SYNAGOGUE WILL BE OPEN FOR THE RENTAL OF SEATS on SUNDAYS, AUGUST 20TH, SEPTEMBER 2D, 9TH AND 16TH, FROM 9.30 A. M. TO 12.30 P. M., AND ON THE EVENINGS OF SEPTEMBER 4, 5, 6, 10,11, 12, 13,17,18 FROM 7.30 TO 9.30 P. M. As it would breathe a secret to the earth, A soft and balmy wind is murmuring low; It clings to her with yearnings of a son. Sometimes the green leaves flicker to and fro, And each to each in its own language says: "The world is beautiful and full of grace." It is true of Mr. Leavitt, as of all other poets, of all nationalities, that the most valuable among his poems are those which inspire courage and predict the inevitable triumph of right. A good example is "The Streamlet": In the cold North, between the stony rocks, A lonely streamlet sorrowfully flowed. Foaming the spray dashed, and the rocks looked down, As if they whispered, "Whither leads thy road? "Why hast thou come here to the wilderness, A tardy guest? In this lone desert gray Thy waters in the darkness will dry up; Thou canst not through the passes break thy way." Clear, pearly spray fell on the rocks like tears. Gleaming like steel, the streamlet wound along Softly, as if it answered to the rocks: "Oh, ye are wrong! Rocks, ye are wholly wrong! "Ye laugh at me in pride: We ne'er shall be o'erthrown!" Rocks, laugh not! Granite does not last for aye: Continual dropping hollows out the stone." ALICE STONE BLACKWELL Chilmark, Mass.10 THE HEBREW STANDARD Telephone, 2335 Harlem. THE "HERRNSTADT" 27-29 W. 115th ST. Telephone, 1700 Harlem. THE "ELLSMERE" 80-82 W. 126th ST. FOR WEDDINGS, BANQUETS, RECEPTIONS. H. HERRNSTADT, PROPRIETOR. Tel. 2412 J. Plaza, Victoria Hall, A. SCHWARTZ, CATERER. Weddings, Banquets, Receptions. Strictly kosher catering guaranteed. 641 Lexington Ave. Near 54th Street. New York. Vienna Hall, 131-133 E. 58TH ST., N.Y. B. TURKEL, PROP. For Weddings, Receptions and all social [?] gatherings. Cuisine strictly under supervision of Rev. Drucker, 1359 5th ave. Terms reasonable. Estimates furnished on application. A. Schleifer. D. Neumann. Telephone Connection. Cafe Abbazia and HUNGARIAN RESTAURANT, 1523 Second Avenue, Corner 79th Street. New York. BILLIARD, CHESS AND READING ROOM. League-Hall 74 West 126 Street Can be rented for select Weddings, Balls, Receptions, Dinners, Conserts. Kitchen, Dining Room, Coat Rooms &c. Complete. Strictly Private. Apply at Hall for Dates. New Yorkville Casino RESTAURANT ROOF GARDEN LODGE ROOMS BOWLING ALLEYS & BILLIARDS 210-212-214 E. 86 ST Bet. 283 Aves. BANQUET ROOMS & LARGE DINING HALL SUITABLE FOR LARGE PARTIES M. NAUGHTON Established 1876 Charles' Hauptner & Co. Men's Outfitters and Makers of Shirts 1272 Broadway, near 33rd St. Fine Dress Shirts to Measure. Wedding Outfits a Specialty UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT. American Garden, 136 LENOX AVE., Near 116th St. Subway Station. Table d'hote restaurant and cafe. A la carte. Table d'hote, 6 to 8, 60 cents. Sundays, 12 to 3, 75 cents. Music by Prof. Wright. BENNO SCHACHNOW. PROP., TEN YEARS WITH CAFE BOULEVARD. SPECIAL AFTER THEATRE SERVICE. REISENWEBER'S HALL, just completed S.W. Cor. 58 St. & 8 Av. A Modern Up-to-Date Hall, suitable for Balls, Weddings, Receptions etc. Telephone 1050 Col. MARCHESI RESTAURANT, 744 Lexington ave., New York, between 59th and 60th sts. Italian and French table d'hote. Table d'hote lunch from 12 to 2:30 p.m., 40 cents with wine. Table d'hote dinner from 6 to 8 p.m., 60 cents with wine. Special quick lunch, 30c., week day only. A la carte all day. Italian special dishes to order. D. Wasser's [?] Restaurant OPEN DAILY. Catering specialty 108 Bowery, Near Grand Street, New York. Woerfeld's Restaurant. 12 WAVERLY PLACE, Between Mercer and Greene Sts. Popular Prices. Splendid Service. Tel. 4437 Harlem. H. ROSENBAUM Caterer For weddings, banquets and receptions. Silverware, table linen and crockery to loan for all occasions. Catering in any hall desired. Estimates cheerfully given. 8 West 114th St. (near Fifth Ave.), New York. The Loneliest Man n Denmark. The most famous personage in Denmark is Georg Brandes, says his fellow countryman Paul Harboe, but "he is also the loneliest, the least appreciated, the most abandoned." To English readers, who know much of his work, and little of his personality, these statements will come with surprise and will awaken curiosity. Mr. Harboe puts the case of Brandes with what almost appears to be extravagance. "You could not count his enemies in a day," he says, "while all his intelligent friends might easily find room in a Fifth- Avenue stage, without occupying any of the space on the roof." The explanation of this state of isolation is given by Mr. Harboe in The Critic (August) as follows: "To the Danish nation Brandes spells free thought, free love, overmanism, and cosmopolitanism. With such ideas his name has been synonymous for a gene Currents in Nineteenth-Century Literature" to his memory. The other influences that went to form Brandes were Julius Lange (the Danish critic), John Stuart Mill, Darwin, Swinburne, Paul Heyse, Nietzsche, and Henrik Ibsen. In1870 Brandes went abroad and met the great minds of Europe. "Those were the April days of Realism," says Mr. Harboe. "A new current ran in the rivers of civilization. France was Daudet's, Maupassant's, Flaubert's; Germany-- Reuter's, Heyse's, Ebers's; Russia-- Lermontoff's, Tolstoy's, Dostoyefsky's. And science was as free as the wind--everywhere, Brandes thought, but in poor, isolated Denmark. The more he saw, heard, and felt of all that was fresh and vigorous, defiant and progressive, in the foreign parts, the more eager did he grow to lift his people out of the rut of their spiritual laxity." Returning to Copenhagen, Brandes delivered a lecture before the University on November 3, 1871 ones--were thrown at Georg Brandes. The cosmopolitan! The disturber! The atheist! The enemy of the country! The Jew! In the midst of the tumult Brandes delivered a second lecture, a third, a fourth, a fifth. The grist of his talks is all elaborated in his various works. In a word, he wanted to incorporate Denmark in the revived intellectual Europe of his time. Did he succeed? We shall know--some day." When the chair of esthetics at the Danish University became vacant a year later, Brandes applied for it. While the faculty hesitated, public- opinion spoke up in protest, and Brandes became an exile for seven years. When he returned to Copenhagen in 1883 the tide had turned, a new school had risen, books were dedicated to him, "and in the newspapers there was a brand new word: 'Brandesianism.'" This did not argue success. His books sold meagerly; and friends had to supply him with money to enable him to write his book on Shakespeare, the task of seven years. the least appreciated, the most abandoned." To English readers, who know much of his work, and little of his personality, these statements will come with surprise and will awaken curiosity. Mr. Harboe puts the case of Brandes with what almost appears to be extravagance. "You could not count his enemies in a day," he says, "while all his intelligent friends might easily find room in a Fifth- Avenue stage, without occupying any of the space on the roof." The explanation of this state of isolation is given by Mr. Harboe in The Critic (August) as follows: "To the Danish nation Brandes spells free thought, free love, overmanism, and cosmopolitanism. With such ideas his name has been synonymous for a generation. Never did the Danish heart open to him. If one of his countrymen knows and recognizes him as the author of William Shakespeare,' at least ninety nine see in him only (to borrow their own phrase) 'the fiend who would dechristianize the country.'" When Brandes entered the university in 1859, we are informed by Mr. Harboe, the intellectual powers of Denmark were Rasmus Nielson, who was "taking philosophy to serve theology," and "a certain Bishop Martensen, a rigid judge, a vigilant moralist," who gave instruction in esthetics. There was an exception in the case of Prof. Hans Broechner-- an agnostic, "one of the most vigorous thinkers Denmark ever had." He was, continues the writer, "a great intelligence to get shocks from." Brandes became his devoted pupil and, later in life, dedicated his "Main John Stuart Mill, Darwin, Swinburne, Paul Heyse, Nietzsche, and Henrik Ibsen. In 1870 Brandes went abroad and met the great minds of Europe. "Those were the April days of Realism," sayd Mr. Harboe. "A new current ran in the rivers of civilization. France was Daudet's, Maupassant's, Fiaubert's; Germany -- Reuter's, Heyse's, Ebers's; Russia -- Lermontoff's, Tolstoy's, Dostoyefsky's. And science was as free as the wind-- everywhere, Brandes thought, but in poor, isolated Denmark. The more he saw, heard, and felt of all that was fresh and vigorous, defiant and progressive, in the foreign parts, the more eager did he grow to lift his people out of the rut of their spiritual laxity." Returning to Copenhagen, Brandes delivered a lecture before the University on November 3, 1871. The writer thus describes the effect: "On that occasion he delivered the first of a series of lectures that made him a glaring figure in public life. It was an unforgettable lexture. It went to the marrow of things. The young hearers felt a thrill, a sense at once of surprise and recognition. But the old, the guardians of traditions -- they were not electrified. They were enraged. Such audacity! Such irreverence! Was there any wrong with the philosophy of Prof. Rasmus Nielsen? or with the esthetics of Bishop Martensen? or with the sweet, romantic stories of Pastor Ingemann? or with Danish matters in general? They thought not, and they said so with boisterous vehemence. For some months Denmark was a place of loud noises. Some stones-- small of his talks is all elaborated in his various works. in the word, he wanted to incorporate Denmark in the revived intellectual Europe of his time. Did he succeed? We shall know-- some day." When the chair of Esthetics at the Danish University became vacant a year later, Brandes applied for it. While the faculty hesitated, public- opinion spoke up in protest, and Brandes became an exile for seven years. When he returned to Copenhagen in 1883 the tide had turned, a new school had risen, books were dedicated to him, "and in the newspapers there was a brand new word: 'Brandesianism.'" This did not argue success. His books sold meagerly; and friends had to supply him with money to enable him to write his book on Shakespeare-- the task of seven years. Mr. Harboe concludes: "There has been during the past thirty years no movement, ethical, or esthetical, political or social, with which Georg Brandes has not in some degree been associated. He fought against the religious issues of Grundtvig. He fought for justice to the oppressed people of Schleswig-Holstein. He met Harold Hoffding in a A MODERN JEWISH POET Alice Stone Blackwell Among the many tragedies growing out of the World War none has been more terrible than that of the Jews. In addition to the sufferings common to all the ravaged nations they have had to endure widespread massacres and persecutions on account of their religion and race— persecutions in which hundreds of thousands have perished. It is a black chapter in human history, and a chapter not yet closed. Even in the United States, in Thai semitism off to raise its ugly head, which every right mind American ought to hit whatever it should self, is he would have poisonous snake. It is no wonder that modern Jewish poetry is deeply changed with sadness so before there's much of beauty mangled the sorrow. Go to Merrick, and of great popularity among his people, is the late S. S. Frug who wrote in both Russia and Yiddish. He was born at for golf and Russia in 1860. His father was a member of an organized Jewish aggregation Colony a novel thing about the Jews at that time. Young Frug received his Early Education parley in a Jewish religious school, partly in the Russian village school. It's 16 he went to the town of Kherson, and their work for some years in the office of the local (Reformed) Jewish rabbi. His first poem in Russian, published in 1880, made a sensation and he was invited to St Petersburg. Where he became a permanent journalist. In 1888 he began to write poems in Yiddish; and the popularity of his work, and both languages, grew steadily as long as he lived. Is poetry covers a wide range. She wrote ballads on biblical subject, folk Legends, poems of sentiment and reflections, and satirical songs full of wit and humor. He is said to have been the first Yiddish poet to write with Grace and joyous fever of the beauties of nature. Brought up on a farm he had an enthusiastic love for Mother Earth in for the Cobb Theatres of the soil. In this respect of poetry marks and Epoch in modern Jewish literature. We have become like Sands that lie exposed. But I already treads beneath his feet! Yea, verily, dear God, like sand and stones, To shame and scoring scattered, and strewn abroad. All, but the Stars, the brilliant and the clear - the Stars, the Stars - oh, where are they, my God? -------------------- THE JEWISH CHILD Very deep in the darkness, far from air and Light, do you see the blind worm crawling in the night? He below the ground in darkness and had his birth; 'Tis his fate to creep forever in the Earth. Like a worm amid the darkness, dumb, blind, desolate, Jewish child, you spend your childhood - 'Tis your fate. O'er You're cradled bed your mother sings No lay of a life that free and tranquil Glides away - of the fields and of Gardens where are the Lively child plays in gaiety and freedom, like the breezes Wild. No, Fountain of deep sorrow sounds and rings. Oh, how bitter is the song, child, that she sings! Deepside groans and burning tear-drops with strong might in the song are sounding, ringing, day and night. Deep, sad size and burning tear-drops, hunger cold, through the world go trailing with you from of old. From the Cradle to the Grave, child, by the long road you must wend grow whole forests of dark sorrow Without End! ----------------------- THE TALMUD Ancient pages of the talmud, Legends, tales that there I view, In my mournful life and dreary, oftentimes I Turn to You. What at night amid the darkness or mine eyes sleep will not rest, I meant and I sit alone, forsaken, with my head upon my breast; In those sad hours as a star shines in the azure Summer Night, memories in my Melancholy then begin to glitter bright. I recall my love, my childhood: those sweet Hours come back again when I still what is free from sorrow, free from anger, free from pain. These old years, so dear and Pleasant, pass again before mine eyes, and the pages of the talmud in my memories arise. Oh, the Ancient, Ancient Pages! All the lights and stars I see burning, shining in those pages, - they can ne'er extinguished be! Myriad streams and myriad Rivers have swept o'er them in the past, Sand has covered them and hid then, Storms have rent them - still they last! Yes, the Ancient, Ancient pages still survive, and Parish not, although yellow, torn, and darkened, Here a hole and there spot; here a charred place, there a line worn In myraid streams life pours itself abroad, And comes forth to the old, eternal shore. The world a blooming garden is to one, A heavy, miry road to thousands more. Oh, sing the praise of effort and of toil! Sing, greet them heartily, without a frown! Strong shall the hands be that have callous grown, And strong the brow from which the sweat poirs down! Good is the rich man's slumber in his room, On snowy pillows soft, at close of day; Better a sleep at twilight, after toil, Out in the fields, upon the new- mown hay! The sickle is of steel, the flail of iron, And, Truly, no great ornament are they; Yet in them lies our power, our life; no step Without them can be taken on the way. Then sing the praise of effort and of toil! Sing, greet them lovingly, without a frown! May the hard hands be healthy evermore, Healthy int brow from which the sweat pours down!A MODERN JEWISH POET ALICE STONE BLACKWELL Among the many tragedies growing out of the World War none has been more terrible than that of the Jews. In addition to the sufferings common to all the ravaged nations they have had to endure widespread massacres and persecutions on account of their religion and race-persecutions in which hundreds of thousands have perished. It is a black chapter in human history, and a chapter not yet closed. Even in the United States, anti-Semitism often raises its ugly head, which every right- minded American ought to hit wherever it shows itself, as he would a poisonous snake. It is no wonder that modern Jewish poetry is deeply tinged with sadness; but there is much of beauty mingled with the sorrow. A poet of merit, and of great popularity among his people, is the late S. S. Frug who wrote in both Russian and Yiddish. He was born at Bobroff in Russia in 1860. His father was a member of an organized Jewish agrarian colony a novel thing among the Jews at that time. Young Frug received his early education partly in a Jewish religious school, partly in the Russian village school. At 16 he went to the town of Kherson, and there worked for some years in the office of the local (Reformed) Jewish rabbi. His first poem in Russian, published in 1880, made a sensation, and he was invited to St. Petersburg, where he became a prominent journalist. In 1888 he began to write poems in Yiddish; and the popularity of his works, in both languages, grew steadily as long as he lived. His poetry covers a wide range. He wrote ballads on biblical subjects, folk legends, poems of sentiment and reflection, and satirical songs full of wit and humor. He is said to have been the first Yiddish poet to write with grace and joyous fervor of the beauties of nature. Brought up on a farm he had an enthusiastic love for Mother Earth and for the cultivators of the soil. In this respect his poetry marks and Epoch in modern Jewish literature. It has been a pleasure to me to make English renderings of a number of his poems. Some of the may be of interest to the readers of THE JEWISH ADVOCATE. SAND AND STARS The moon is shining and the stars are bright; Night broods o'er hill and valley, sea and shore. The ancient Book before me open lies! Thousands of times I read it o'er and o'er. I read the words, so scared and so dear; I hear a voice: "My people, ye shall be I swear it, even as the stars in heaven, And as the sands that lie beside the sea!" Lord of the Universe, no jot is lost, No word from all thy promises of grace. Thy holy will must ever be fulfilled; All comes to pass, in its due time and place. And one thing has already been fulfilled -- I feel it with assurance most com- plete: Like the breezes wild. No, a fountain of deep sorrow Sounds and rings. Oh, how bitter is the song, child, That she sings! Deep sad groans and burning tear-drops With strong might In the song are sounding, ringing, Day and night. Deep, sad sighs and burning tear-drops, Hunger cold, Through the world go trailing with you From of old. From the cradle to the grave, child, By the long road you must wend Grow whole forests of dark sorrow Without end! THE TALMUD Ancient pages of the Talmud, Legends, tales that there I view, In my mournful life and dreary, Oftentimes I turn to you. When at night amid the darkness On mine eyes sleep will not rest, And I sit alone, forsaken, With my head upon my breast; In those sad hours as a star shines In the azure summer night, Memories in my melancholy Then begin to glitter bright. I recall my love, my childhood: Those sweet hours come back again When I still was free from sorrow, Free from anger, free from pain. These old years, so dear and pleasant, Pass again before mine eyes, And the pages of the Talmud In my memory arise. Oh, the ancient, ancient pages! All the lights and stars I see Burning, shining in those pages, - They can ne'er extinguished be! Myriad streams and myriad rivers Have swept o'er them in the past, Sand has covered them and hid then, Storms have rent them - still they last! Yes, the ancient, ancient pages Still survive, and perish not, Although yellowed, torn, and darkened, Here a hole and there a spot; Here a charred place, there a line worn Till the sense cannnot be told, And the whole now bears the aspect Of a cemetery old. What of that? Indeed, it truly Is a graveyard, old and hoar, Where within the tomb lies buried All that we shall have no more. And I, aged, Ill, and orphaned, Filled with awe that death inspires, Deep in grief, stand bowed and weeping By the graveside of my sires! THE SONG OF WORK For you, my brethern and my sisters poor, Whom scattered through the wide world we behold, Who crawl and lose your way on myraid paths, In rain, in storm, in heat and wintry cold- For you, O man of constant sighs and groans, You mourning, wailing, melancholy Jew! For you it sounds and echoes, sings and rings, My song of joy in life, still fresh and new. [evermore] Healthy the brow from which the sweat pours down!ADVOCATE, THURSDAY, MARCH 22 1923 few desirable men and any Jewish young man is eligible. Application should be forwarded to mr. William Mushkin, 64 Fayston Street, Roxbury, 21. --------------------------- TRACK MEET NOTES the third annual track meet of the Roxbury Jewish welfare center will be held on May 5th, at 1, at Franklin Field. For the present, clubs of the intermediate council with participate unless senior and Junior clubs over with to enter. Entries will be positive they close April 15th 1923. Each Club the expected to pay their dollar by that date. The athletic Committee of the intermediate Council will be responsible for the collection of the fee, the registering of the entries, and management of the meat itself. No entrant will be allowed to participate in more than two track into field events. This does not include the relay for the tug-of-war. No more than two members from a club may enter a single event. Officials for the meet will be appointed from the club directors and members of the senior Clubs. A better will be awarded to the club winning the greatest number of points: first place, 571 2nd Place, 371 3rd place, 1. Height or age division is left open for the present. After the registration is complete the committee will decide whether or not to make classes. The best man will be chosen to represent the center in a tri-center track meet, following this one, including the East Boston, Roxbury and Dorchester Jewish welfare Centers. -------------------------------------------------------------- New Publication of Women's League, United Synagogue -------------------------------------------------------------- realizing the need for suitable prayers which the young Jewish mother can teach her little ones as soon as they begin to talk, the woman's League of the United synagogue has published a booklet of prayers for young children. These consist of extracts from the standard prayer book with an English adoption in Easy Ryan. The booklet will appeal especially to those who are interested in having morning and evening prayers and grace before and after meals in easy and convenient form. The women's league has also published cards containing the blessings over the Sabbath and Hanukkah lights which are also sold at a very normal price. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Famous Russian Baritone ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For his concert in Jordan Hall, Thursday evening March 29th, Alexander Akimoff, the Russian baritone from the petrograd Arbor house, will present a most attractive program of arrays in songs which will include two Jewish numbers specially dedicated to him. Mr. Akimoff's career in petrograd was suddenly broken off by the war and revolution. He left Russia and toured Europe, adding to his laurels in each country which he visited. The Press recognized him as talented interpretive artist, for he learn the folk songs of each land he visited, and touched the hearts of his audiences. ----------------------------- HEBREW SCHOOL "EVRIO" ---------------------------------- The word of the Ladies Auxiliary of the Hebrew school "evrio" how the meeting Tuesday, March 13th, at the residence of president Mrs. R. J. Schubert. It was decided to hold an affair for the benefit of the Hebrew school, after Passover. The dance which was given on January 31st proved to be a huge success. The auxiliary have purchased chairs and desks for the peoples of the Hebrew school. They also have repaired several of the rooms. $5 were donated by Mrs.Shubert for the Happy Day fun. Donations to this fun by members and friends will also be highly appreciated. ------------------------------------- A. l. Aronson The dress suit shop 37 Tremont street Full dress suits, tuxedos, cutaways and prince ablerts to let for all ocasions special rates to clubs special --- new tuxedo suits for sale, $30.00 -------------------------------------------------------------- New Publication of Women's League, United Synagogue -------------------------------------------------------------- realizing the need for suitable prayers which the young Jewish mother can teach her little ones as soon as they begin to talk, the woman's League of the United synagogue has published a booklet of prayers for young children. These consist of extracts from the standard prayer book with an English adoption in Easy Ryan. The booklet will appeal especially to those who are interested in having morning and evening prayers and grace before and after meals in easy and convenient form. The women's league has also published cards containing the blessings over the Sabbath and Hanukkah lights which are also sold at a very normal price. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Famous Russian Baritone ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For his concert in Jordan Hall, Thursday evening March 29th, Alexander Akimoff, the Russian baritone from the petrograd Arbor house, will present a most attractive program of arrays in songs which will include two Jewish numbers specially dedicated to him. Mr. Akimoff's career in petrograd was suddenly broken off by the war and revolution. He left Russia and toured Europe, adding to his laurels in each country which he visited. The Press recognized him as talented interpretive artist, for he learn the folk songs of each land he visited, and touched the hearts of his audiences. ----------------------------- HEBREW SCHOOL "EVRIO" ---------------------------------- The word of the Ladies Auxiliary of the Hebrew school "evrio" how the meeting Tuesday, March 13th, at the residence of president Mrs. R. J. Schubert. It was decided to hold an affair for the benefit of the Hebrew school, after Passover. The dance which was given on January 31st proved to be a huge success. The auxiliary have purchased chairs and desks for the peoples of the Hebrew school. They also have repaired several of the rooms. $5 were donated by Mrs.Shubert for the Happy Day fun. Donations to this fun by members and friends will also be highly appreciated. ------------------------------------- A. l. Aronson The dress suit shop 37 Tremont street Full dress suits, tuxedos, cutaways and prince ablerts to let for all ocasions special rates to clubs special --- new tuxedo suits for sale, $30.00 open evenings, tel. bow 2716j (INSERT IMAGES HERE)July 30th 1919 James hope Moulton, and received his Bachelor of divinity degree from the University of Wales. He has been extremely popular and all his circuits and pupilt's and an Especial favourite with young men. It is expected that he will arrive in the United States in time for the opening of the Seminary, September 24th and that he will offer full courses in the New Testament development throughout the entire year. Mr. Davies is reported to be a scholar of Distinction and a leader of conspicuous ability rev Dr. H.B. Williams, Who went to France in young men's Christian Association work from First Church, Lynn, has returned to his country. He is making his home temporarily in Pembroke, N. H. Rev E.C. Hickman D. D., who rendered valuable service during the centenary Kevin Hays has an associate secretary, has been appointed director of organization for the conservation movement. He will have charge are the detail work in connection with the organization of the various areas. Dr. Hickman is a saint of the parsonage, his father Reverend J W Hickman being an honored member of the dakota conference, on the retired list. he was born at bath, S.D., and is a member of the minnesota conference. he was publicity directior of the educational jubilee which secured $35,000,000 for methodist educational purposes. Rev. Gay c. white of Watertown.S.D. whose article on "the church and the non-partizan league" appeared in the Herald last week, has been given the degree of doctor of divinity by his alma mater, Missouri Wesleyan university. The methodist Episcopal Church at Hudson Mass., has suffered a severe loss in the death of Charles H. Lincoln, for many years one of the leaders in that church serving as trustee and in other official positions. President W.W. Guth of Goucher college writes as follows concerning our reference to the work of Rev. Dr. George C. Peck in Baltimore: "I was very much pleased to read in your issue of July 16 your tribute to Dr. George C. Peck. I have had opportunity to come into contact very intimately with Dr. Peck during the years of his ministry in Baltimore, and have formed an increasingly high opinion of him. He is a great preacher, I think among Some of the contributions to this number of the "Herold" Dr. John A. Rice, who right on "the sermon on the mountain in religion and Industry," is a leading pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. He has served commanding pulpits in Montgomery, Alabama Fort Worth Texas and St Louis, and is now pastor of Trinity Church, Sumter. He was for 6 years president of Columbia College. He has been a member of several General conferences. He is regarded as one of the progressive forces in the Southern church, and a leader in the modern interpretation of Christianity in its educational and social application. Sherwood Eddy,"Church Union in India," has for years been prominent as a young men's Christian Association worker. He has made several trips around the world delivery addresses before students in Japan, Korea, China, India, Russia and the near East. He is the author of "The Awakening of India," "the new era in Asia," and "the students of Asia." among other works. He is now on a trip through the Orient. He sends his contribution in the course of travel. Dr.J.Z. Moore, who writes on Japanese atrocities In Korea, is one of the superintendent's of Methodist Episcopal work in that country. His article, sent us through the "Underground Railway, "is one of the first authentic descriptions of the persecutions to reach this country. Dr. John c. Ferguson. "the question of shantung" it's probably the leading Authority on Chinese questions in the United States. He was four years Weiser to the Chinese government under the old regime, and has held the same position under the Republic. Alice Stone Blackwell "in st. Hubert's Chapel" as one of the leaders of the women's movement in America. She is daughter of Lucy Stone. Contributions from her pain have appeared now and then Indie Harold. Among her published works are " Armenian poems, "quotation marks songs of Russia," and "the little grandmother of the Revolution." President ozora s. Davis, who is describing debrief Ministry, is president of Chicago Theological Seminary. A native of Vermont, he spends his Summers amid the scenes of his childhood and in other parts of New England. Doctor William Fairfield Warren, president emetrius Boston University, who rates of the "interracial Riots of Washington," has made a close study of the race questions both in the South, where he spends his Winters, and in the North. Professor Samuel W. Irwin, who describes "a day in ancient Winchester," in principal of East Greenwich Academy. He has been in France and young men's Christian Association work. " Gleaner" is the English correspondent of The Herald. ------------------------------------ The few great preachers in methodism, and he is indeed a ' Drew Pasteur to his people.' there is a winsomeness and charm about his personality that could be the result only of a deep and Abiding Love for people and a sincerity of purpose. He has been a tremendous power and the Civic, social and religious life of Baltimore, and will be very sorely missed. We have wondered how he could give so much strength to his work, for it was far beyond the amount the ordinary well man gives, and that when he was really a sick man. We are hoping that his rest this year will restore him fully to health and strength. " many will be pleased to know that Reverend l. P. Causey of the New England conference, who is making his home in Springfield, is slowly recovering from a serious illness contracted 4 weeks ago as the result of a sudden cold. Dr. j. H. Jowett in the course of an address at Westminster Chapel recently, said that whenever he went away for a holiday it was his invariable custom to take with him a small Concordance.(continued on page 992) BRIEFLETS the Christian guardian of Toronto the able official organ of the Methodist Church of Canada, puts the Irish Question in a nutshell when it says: "let Ireland have home rule, but Ulster must certainly have it too. " ---- Bibles to the number of 398, 501 had been placed in the hotel's of the United States up to April 1st of this year by The Gideons, that alert organizations of Christian Traveling men. --------- Many will be interested in the announcement that the Methodist Episcopal discipline is being translated into Burmese. Few books have been printed in as many different languages as has the disciplined - A convincing evidence in itself of the world nature of methodism. ---------------- The Articles, "can we have a more spiritual and Democratic Church? "5 professor John Alfred Faulkner of Drew theological Seminary, which recently appeared in The Herald, have been published in pamphlet form for General Distribution. ------------ In discussing the position of Japan in the modern world, and its attitude towards China and other nations, the Christian world of London refers to the fact that the treaty between Great Britain and Japan expires in two years. It didn't raise the question, "what will she do then? She has always admired German efficiency, and there are leading men in Japan who have helped that an alliance with Germany would be the best thing for their country." therein lies Danger. ------------ we are pleased to learn, on the authority of the British weekly, that Union Services in connection with the return of Peace where held in Canterbury cathedral, in which took part, Asia from clergyman of the Anglican Church, representative clergyman of nonconformist Bodies. The weekly says:"Dean waste led the service; The bishop of Dover, Reverend R. Walton (primitive Methodist parentheses, and rev r. W. Baker said the prayers ; While rev c. G. Danbury, m. A., c. F. (Wesleyan Methodist, read the lesson. The other Free Church ministers - Rev Alex. Snape, J. Lewis, and a. F. Taylor, m. A. - we're also among the clergy. " it's being a real-time intrusion into this is a step in the right direction. Religious exclusiveness has no place in this age of the world, especially in connection with patriotic services in which the whole Community is interested. -------------- Great Britain is against all forms of military conscription, and Lloyd George found it necessary again last week to announce in Parliament that steps are being taken to contact (?) the anonymous donor away with the present Army system at the earliest possible moment. He gave it as his hope that by the beginning of next year Great Britain would have a voluntary army meeting all its needs. The large standing army is doomed. It went down with the world war. ------------------- the governor and Military governor of Tientsin oh, China, have recently given each $1,000 To the Methodist epis coachable intermediate school, and the president of the provincial assembly has promised a grant for the Providence of $1,000. Call Mom know people is the missionary receiving a more hearty welcome then among the Chinese.978 ZION'S HERALD July 30, 1919 In St. Hubert's Chapel ALICE STONE BLACKWELL "The trees in this secluded spot were chiefly beeches and elms of huge magnitude, which rose like great hills of leaves into the air. Amidst these magnificent sons of the earth there peeped out a lovely chapel. Its architecture was of the rudest and most simple kind. In a small niche over the arched doorway stood a stone image of St. Hubert, with the bugle-horn around his neck. The inside of the chapel was adorned in a manner adapted to the occupation of the saint while on earth. The richest furs of such animals as are made the objects of the chase supplied the place of tapestry and hangings around the altar, and elsewhere mingled with the heads of deer, wolves and other animals." - Quentin Durward. In the heart of the shady beech forest, afar from the camp and the court, Lies buried the old forest chapel, where hunters no longer resort. Old trees bend their branches above it, about it dark ivy-vines cling; Of old the worn stones of its chancel were pressed by the knees of a king. Here glitter no satins or samites: the skins of the wolf and the boar Are draped for a cloth on the altar, and spread for a rug on the floor. To statelier altars men carry their offerings of jewels and gold; But every rude gift in this chapel was bought with the blood of the bold. Look round, in the glimmering twilight that shines through the dim painted pane, And see in each trophy a token of sins men have conquered and slain. The fox-skins of falsehood and cunning are hung here; the boar's tawny hide, The symbol of passion and fury; the stag's lofty antlers, for pride. How many and many a hero, his name unremembered of men, Has faced the wild boar in his fury, or followed the wolf to his den! What struggles in wilds and waste places have reddened with life-blood the sod! What trophies brave hearts in all ages have brought to the altars of God! Till the greenwood is pleasant to walk in, made free from the perils of yore, And the sod, purpled only with violets, forgets the dark blood of the boar. But the old trees that looked on those conflicts wave slow their weird branches: "We know!" And the laurels that shadow the casements yet sing of them, dimly and low. Tall minsters are builded o'er heroes who fell 'mid the battle-field's flame, Who struck with the sword of the soldier, and live in the annals of fame - Aye, bright is the fame of the soldier, a clear-shining track of renown! Yet braver, methinks, those old hunters, who ranged through the beech forest brown. Men follow where bugles are calling, and banners stream bright in the sun; They march while the music is marking a thousand strong heart-beats as one; Ah, yes! but these wrestled with monsters alone in the wilderness dread, With none to applaud if they conquered, and none to cry "Shame!" if they fled. Than all of earth's haughty cathedrals I hold it a holier place, This dim little old forest chapel, hung round with the spoils of the chase. To-day our wild beasts are within us; they haunt the deep caves of the heart; Alone in the silence of midnight their cries make us shudder and start. Nor only within is; around us they range on their errands of ill. Stern gifts to the shrine of St. Hubert the valiant may bring if they will. If ravening beasts of the darkness have vanished from mountain and moor, Great wrongs stalk abroad in the sunlight, devouring the weak and the poor. And the horns of the hunters are sounding - for those who can hear them they blow Clear, clear in the gray liquid twilight, and clear in the dawn's ruddy glow. Imperious, piercing, appealing, they ring over mountain and plain, - And the souls of the valiant, uprising, go forth to the hunting again. The Sermon on the Mount in Religion and Industry REV. JOHN A. RICE, D. D. PRESIDENT WILSON, in his address to the American people. referring to the Peace Treaty and League of Nations, said: "If it is ratified and acted upon in full and sincere application of its terms it will furnish the charter for a new order of affairs in the world." The bringing in of this new order of affairs is the task upon which we must now enter. Religion and industry are the central agencies in the re-creation of the world, for men will always work and always pray. It will not be amiss therefore to inquire whether there are any points of contact, any common meeting places, between religion and industry in the Sermon on the Mount, which is confessedly the Bible's greatest summing up on spiritual values. For the church must not fail to make some contribution toward the Magna Charta of the coming industrial order. The forward moving hosts of the new democracy are halting for a moment, only for a moment, at our doors to hear whether we are afraid of Jesus, or have the courage to express His ideals in terms of economic relationship and help make "the worker, the man the free gospel and the free school have taught him to know himself to be." Religion and industry depend alike upon the primacy of human personality which receives first emphasis in the Sermon on the Mount. The Beatitudes give the elements of character necessary to the new social ideal: The poor in spirit rather than the self-complacent; the mourners who realize the self-comforting power of sorrow rather than the light- hearted who miss the deeper issues of life; the meek rather than the self-assertive; the hungry-hearted rather than the self- satisfied; the merciful rather than the masterful; the pure rather than the corruptible; the peacemakers rather than the peace breakers; the heroic rather than the timid. These characteristics are in conflict with popular ideals, yet these are they to whom tomorrow belongs; these are they upon whose free unfolding religion and industry alike depend. They are both concerned that such an individual come to his own; religion for the sake of his spiritual value, industry for effective productivity. Neither can survive that forgets the infinite worth of one. Both are interested in securing his right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, in supplying his wants and perfecting his powers. Neither can be content till the gates of life are thrown open to every soul on the face of the earth. Both are thus committed to universal education, whatever the meaning of the term might be. It might mean the stimulating, regulating and satisfying of our human hungers for health, for wealth, for sociability, for knowledge, for righteousness, for the beautiful. It might mean training for complete living; it might mean securing our birth-right to the experience of the race which is embodied in literature and science, philosophy and social institutions, art and religion; it might mean developing conscious contact with reality; it might mean self-discipline into complete self-command; it might mean the expanding of our limitations; it might mean the quickening of the imagination; it might mean the improving of the quality and the increasing of the quantity of life in social relationship; it might mean leading by educational guidance from experience, through experience, to further experience and to whole-hearted self-activity. Whatever its definition, there is where both religion and industry have fallen short and where both must now strengthen their efforts, for the enterprises and institutions of both require bigger men for the greater issues of the new day. And these men must be of the type outlined by Jesus. Now, as in Paul's day, the earnest expectation of the creation waiteth for the appearing of the sons of God who shall interpret its meaning and harness its energies. The turbulence of this tragic hour is but the awakening of the common man rising up in protest against a civilization that, caring all too little for the worth of one, has made the individual a means rather than an end. Sacrificial Social-Mindedness Religion and industry agree also in requiring the sacrificial social-mindedness of the Sermon on the Mount. Both demand that we pass on to other whatever saving power, salt-like, we have received. For it is by the contagion of life that society is to be transformed and redeemed, by the shining of radiant spirits in such way that men will glorify not them, nor their clients, nor their cause, but their God. This sacrificial social-mindedness would make every act, the least as well as the greatest, such that its controlling principles ought to become universal law. It forbids even a shrug of the shoulders which betrays an anti-social attitude, a calling of names which shows an un- brotherly spirit. It goes to the roots of grosser sins like murder, adultery, divorce, profanity, revenge, resentment, and hate, and makes us incapable of any of them/ The emotional waste caused by class antagonisms would disappear in a moment and good-will prevail in capital and labor alike if each would forget self and begin to seek the other's welfare; if each would live by what it affirms rather than what it denies, by what it confers rather than by what it demands, by the force of the ideal rather than the ideal of force. Turning the other cheek has never been required of any man or cause, but the high cost of hate is now written large, and vengeance that hits back is found to be an expensive luxury. The socializing, however, must begin with the man at the top. Power must become sacrificial. It must not only refuse to use the law as a cloak, but must rise above law into the region of love. If made to go one mile, entrenched power must ask to go two. Nothing is Christian, nothing is ideally human, that does not live on this second mile clear beyond reach of the letter, nor is anything really altruistic that stops short of going far more for another than the accepted moral standards require. Even tax-gatherers and SOME SPANISH AMERICAN POETS. By Alice Stone Blackwell. Spanish America has wealth of many kinds. The great interest felt in its rich material resources has tended to overshadow the fact that its possesses literary treasures also. Every Spanish American country has its own group of poets; and some of these are well worthy of being better known in the United States. Much South American poetry has been inspired by the beauties of nature. Such is the sonnet on "The Andes," by Jose Santos Chocano, a distinguished Peruvian Poet: Cual se ve la escultorica serpiente de Loaconte en marmoles desnudos, los Andes trenzan sus nerviosos nudos en el cuerpo de todo un Continente. Horror dantesco estremecer se siente por sobre ese tropel de heroes membrudos, que se alan con graniticos escudos y con cascos de plata refulgente. La angustia de cada heroe es infinita, porque quierer gritar; retiembla, salta, se parte de dolor ..., pero no grita; y solo deja, extatico y sombrio, rodar, desde su cuspide mas alta, la silenciosa la lagrima de un rio... THE ANDES. As wids along, in snowy marble are, The carven serpent of Laocoon, O'er a whole continent the Andes run, Braiding their mighty knots in shining air. A horror like to Dante's thrills us there, To see that crowd of heroes, every one Lifting a shield of granite in the sun, And crowned with silver helmet, gleaming fair. Each hero's heart is filled with boundless grief Because he longs to shout; he trembles, fights, Is rent with pain--and yet no shout we hear. In gloomy ecstacy, his one relief Is to send downward from his farthest heights A wandering river, like a silent tear. In "The Condor's Nest," by Olegario V. Andrade, probably the greatest Argentine poet, the sublime natural scenery of Argentina is used as a setting for great historical events. The poem was written when the body of General San Martin, the liberator of his country from Spanish rule, was brought home after his death in France: In the black shadow of the mountain-side A huge dark rock stands out, high, stern and chill. 'Tis like an arm outstretched toward the abyss To bid its sounds be still. A band of snow encircles it about, And from that snow-band white Fall drops, like dark blood falling from a wound Received in deadly fight. All things around are soundless, to the clouds; They pass in solemn silence, night and day, Like troops of specters that the icy gusts Scatter and drive away. Silence reigns all around! Yet something stirs On that same rock, all desolate and bare, As if the sick heart of the deep abyss Throbbed in the stillness ther. It is a condor's nest! From that huge nect It hangs suspended o'er the gulf below, And like a banner on the mountain wind Sways slowly to and fro. The condors of the Andes! Those wild birds Within whose dark-hued breasts, fermenting deep, The mountain tempests seem to brew and brood, The thinder-bolts to sleep! That black mass with a strange uneasiness Is trembling in the eyrie; it would seem The ancient dweller of the mountain hight Is troubled by some dream.3 He dreams not of the mountain or the vale, To which the charm of magic beauty clings, Nor of the rushing torrent's foamy spray That moistened his dark wings. He dreams not of the peak no foot may tread, Which glows so redly in the depth of night, Flinging upon steep rocks and wild ravines Broad sheets of fiery light. Nor is he dreaming of the floating cloud That in the morning drifted on the air, Slow trailing through the boundless fields of space Its robe of scarlet fair. Oh, many clouds have passed within his sight, Many volcanoes lain beneath his feet! Often the torrents and the hurricanes Have on his feathers beat. Something more dear to him has made the bird So strangely restless in his eyrie high, The ancient dweller of the mountain stirs, Thrilled by a memory. The condor has heard an old man crossing the mountains say to the boy at his side: "The hero whom this giant mountain loves Is drawing nigh!" It recalls to the bird the happy times of his youth, and the day when he saw San Martin and his band of liberators cross the Andes: Pensive, as though in commune mute with Fate, The hero went -- the man who by the side Of Argentina's river broad had faced The Spanish lion's pride, And seized him by the mane with mighty hand, And dragged him, vanquished, o'er the bloody sand. The condor saw him. To the highest peak Then with a strident note soared up the bird. "This is the great man!" o'er and o'er he cried; And when San Martin heard, As though it were a prophecy, he cried, "Look here! that is my glory and my pride!" 9 "Ah, wait!" we will say to Sorrow; For a space we shall cease to grieve, While our souls are growing hallowed In the solemn hush of eve. We have our boat before us; Shut your eyes and let us go! We must stretch the bridge-of-the-fast-closed-eyes, Together, in eve's red glow. We are now on board, and the oar-strokes light, Without memory, grief or fear, Are cutting the tranquil current. To the land of dreams we steer! Do you see on the shores snow covered A myriad fog-shapes roam -- An alligator with open jaws, Or a whale of rainbow foam? Or convents where monks are kneeling, Inviting our souls to prayer, Or a lateen sail that is gliding slow Among isles of fire in air; Strange mists, or the giant relics Of a conflagration bright; Seas black, and green, and ruddy, Skies gray, and blue, and white; Or a herd of huge sea-monsters, Or palms on a desert plain, Or the lava of red volcanoes That rise in an endless chain? Fear naught, 'Tis a world fantastic! Those bright clouds, every one, Are pious nuns, surrounding The bed of the dying sun. The sun with his kiss illumes them, From his couch of fiery light; His caress as he dies has lent them Their myriad splendors bright. How sweetly we sail in silence O'er a sea as smooth as glass! Do you hear a sound that greets mine ear? 'Tis the song of the souls that pass! Those souls were once imprisoned, Like us, in flesh like this. They are free, celestial travellers now; They have wings, and love, and bliss.10 Those thin, clear notes are the hymn of souls That pardon and peace have found -- The song triumphant of spirits glad From their iron chains unbound. How clear on the earth lies the western light! 'Tis a picture of crime and woe -- A host of beings that shout and groan, And graves in a frightful row! A reddish gleam do you now perceive, And a clamor that upward sweeps? 'Tis the blood of the world that fights and strives, The plaint of the world that weeps! "Ah, wait!" we have said to Sorrow; For a space we have ceased to grieve. Oh, feel you not that your soul is soothed By the solemn hush of eve? If your love laments when I pass away, And these western skies you view, And you hear again the free soul's song, Cease weeping, and hope anew! Now the sun is set, and the evening dies; It is buried in shadows gray; And an echo passes, a song, a chant ---- "Miserere!" it seems to say. And as thick blackness bots out apace The sun's last footprints bright, Our dreams are changed into shining stars In the chamber dark of night! This article merely affords a glimpse into the thoughts of a few Spanish American poets, through samples of their work. It does not aim at any general or critical survey of the wide field of Spanish American poetry, for which the present writer's knowledge would be quite inadequate. Unfortunately, it is hard to get books of Spanish American poetry in the United States. Most American book-sellers do not keep them, or even know where they may be ordered. Few of the public libraries have them. Anthologies of some of the leading nations 11 may be had in a few of the large cities (as, for instance, through the editor of Las Novedades in New York); but to get the complete works of any Spanish American poet, it is usually necessary to send abroad for them. No doubt there will come a gradual change, as a knowledge of English becomes more general in the Republics to the South of us, and a knowledge of Spanish becomes more general in the United States. One topic of discussion on the program of the Pan American Congress was the establishment of a common gauge from the railroads of both continents, so that a freight car may run "from Maine to Patagonia" without change. We hope the time will come when a beautiful thought, starting in Patagonia, or anywhere else in Spanish America, may be able to make its way quickly to Maine, or to any part of the United States. Already there is a great increase in the number of North American students of the beautiful language of which the Cuban poet Bonifacio Byrne wrote: Sweeter I find the soft Castilian tongue Than are my native hamlet's calm and shade -- More delicate than Hybla's honey pure, More flexible than a Toledo blade. Yea, the heart loves it like a sister dear, Since in the home 'tis lisped, from dawn till night; Because in it the word and thought are linked As is the morning with the sun's clear light. It holds the harmonies of music's tones, The storm's fierce cry, the echo of the sea, Day's glory, and the firmness grand and fair Of granite rocks, that ever steadfast be -- The sacred poetry of Heaven's stars, And the broad scope of all infinity! FOREWORD BY THE TRANSLATOR The Spanish American Republics have a large and interesting poetic literature, which deserves to be better known in the United States. This book aims to be a helps towards that end. It contains—poems, by —authors, representing —countries. Most of those poems had never before been put into English. Many of the translations have appeared in various periodicals, in the course of the past [?] 17 [?] years. The collection is in no sense complete. There are many admirable poets not represented here. But examples are given of the work of those whom the Spanish Americans themselves regard as their greatest poets_Rubén Darío of Nicaragua, José Santos Chocano of Peru, Amado Nervo of Mexico [?] and Gabriela Mistral of Chile_with many other popular writers. Among the Latin Americans, poetry is held in high esteem. [An A] A friend of the translator, a business man from the United States, lived for years in Mexico. He says that when great national events were occurring, such as with us would be spread upon the front pages of all the newspapers, the papers of Mexico City relegated them to an inconspicuous place, and gave thr first page to a visit from some poet of Spain or South America. [&e] He adds that in a skirmish during the civil war, a few years ago, the soldiers of the defeated party broke and fled, and one of the fugitives climbed a tree. The pursuers came up and levelled their guns at him; but hhe called out, "Do not shoot me! I am a poet!" Immediately the guns were lowered, and he was allowed to go. In Colombia, it is said, when a favorite author has written a new poem the whole community turns out to hear it read, and the enthusiasm is like that attending one of our big ball games. When Rubén Darío travelled [throu] through the Spanish American Countries, his journey was like a royal progress. So was Gabriela Mistral's. When Amado Nervo dies in Montevideo, Argentina and Uruguay each sent a battle-ship to convoy his body home to Mexico, and Cuba sent out a cruiser to join the escort into Vera Cruz. [If we want to understand our neighbors to the] [*2*] If we want to understand our neighbors to the South of us, we ought to know something about their poetry. It is hoped that this book may contribute towards such as understanding, and be an aid to mutual respect and good-will. Help in preparing these translations has been given by Señorita Juana Palacios of Mexico City, Professor James Ceddes and Dr. Samuel M. Waxman, both of Boston University, Professor J. Moreno Lacalle of Middlebury College, Vermont, Professor Elijah Clarence Hills of the University of California, Miss Angela Palomo of Wellesley College (now Mrs. J. E. Campbell), Dr. Isaac Goldberg, Madame Bertha C. Romero, Ernesto Montenegro of "El Mercurio," W.W. Davies [of] "La Nación," Mrs. T. J. Carroll, Dr. Alicia Moreauy Justo of Buenos Aires, Señora Laura Meneses [de] de Albizu Campos of Chile and other friends. These English versions have been made for recreation in the [few] spare moments of a very busy life. They are no doubt full of imperfections. But there is no other considerable collections of Spanish American poems where the originals can be read in connection with the [r] translations. The large and growing number of our people who have studied Spanish will thus be able to see how [n] much more beautiful the poems are in the original Spanish than they are in the English version. Alice Stone Blackwell A few days ago Mexico City was the scene of a wonderful funeral. A coffin arrived from the United States. A special train was waiting for it at the border. Stops were made at twelve cities on the way to the capital, and in each there was a celebration, crowds turning out [a yelled] with enthusiasm to express their love and grief. [with][and] In Mexico City, all work was discontinued; [and] thousands upon thousands of people, [las] lined the streets, [and] while a long procession, laden with flowers and flags, headed by a band and singing in chorus, bore the body of Ricardo Flores Magón to its last resting place. [A curious] Strangely enough, most of the demonstrators did not share the [2] dead man's opinions; but they venerated his character, and felt that he had been [the] a victim of shameful injustice. Magón had had a remarkable history. A man of education and culture, born into a well-to-do family, in one of the most beautiful regions of Mexico, he had early been struck by the contrast between the glory of nature and the misery of the life led [to] by most of the people. Writing in 1921 from the Federal Prison at Leavenworth, Kansas, to a young friend, he said: "A noble craving to accomplish something great + good your letter, and gleaming[?] [?] + there like poppies in a corn field, the gracious impatience of youth lends warmth & color & [?] [Have I not been y] your letter reminded me of my youth. I felt the same impatience. I too wanted to accomplish something great and good. At 11 years old, I would fervently plead to the Virgin - at that time I was a Catholic - to give me inspiration, for I wanted to do wonderful things. I passed hours + hours kneeling before her image, pleading, pleading, with all the earnestness of my little heart". As he grew older, he became a free[?]3 and an active journalist while still a boy. He first [sprang into media became] sprang into prominence as a national figure about thirty years ago, when attending the National Free Thought Congress. The Congress was proceeding along its usual line of attacking the Roman Catholic Church & a [pastime both safe and popular in Mexico] when young Magón electrified and fairly stampeded the assembly by [a fiery] an eloquent speech declaring that the root of Mexico's troubles was not the domination of the Roman Church but the temporal despotism and the disastrous economic policies of Porfírio Diaz. In Mexico at that time to [attack] denounce the Catholic Church was both safe and popular, but to criticse the all- powerful President of the Republic was unheard of audacity. [Under Republican f???] [Diaz] Ricardo and his brother Enrique, the poet, became the target for relentless persecution. For many years he carried on an unequal struggle in the press and in the political clubs of Mexico City against the despotism of Diaz; [who, though the constitution of Mexico] he was imprisoned repeatedly, from the 4 age of 17 onward, for his political beliefs and activities, and had several narrow escapes from hired assassins. He started paper after paper, only to have his successive printing- plants confiscated; [by the g] and finally he was forbidden by [the] a judicial decree to [publish] write [either for a news] for any newspaper, whether his own or edited by others. In 1904 he came to the United States, almost penniless, all his property having been [confiscated] sequestrated, and he started a little paper in Spanish, "Regeneracion." A few weeks later [a ruffian sent] an emissary of [?] Diaz entered his home and tried to stab him in the back, but was seized and thrown out by his brother Enrique. Immediately a number of police, who were waiting outside, rushed in & arrested Enrique. [who was] He was put in jail, & fined for disturbing the peace! At this time the myth that President Diaz was a wise & beneficent ruler was fully accepted in the United States, and [the] our authorities [here] cooperated with Diaz in every way, & even stretched the law to hand over to him any persons he wanted. [Later] [the revelations The Magon brothers moved their paper] [from city to city. Its was sole offence was advocating]5 Later [this illusion was shattered, and] The rule of Diaz was shown to be as iniquitous as it was [unconstitutional] illegal The constitution of Mexico limited the president to a single term, but Diaz controlled the elections, and kept himself in office in definitely. He encouraged [and extended] peonage. He [and one act of his in itself caused secured] put through a land-registration law, allowing anyone to take possession of land[s] to which, [the hol] there was no [recorded] registered title. As It was not, [had never been] the custom to register [report] titles, [so that] this covered almost all the land in Mexico. No effort was made to acquaint the people with the new law, or to [and] give them [them] a chance to [register take out registration pap] register their [properties. How] properties and, keep their homes On the contrary, land com Diaz & his relations [members of his family] forthwith seized all the most desirable lands, [and & evicted the conquers]. Hundreds of thousands of small farmers [were evicted] from the farms & homes that had descended in their families for generations. It is no wonder that progressive Mexicans were tireless in urging a change of government, or that Diaz was ready to go to all lengths to stifle [ude] criticism. [The] Stet Magon [brothers] moved [their] his paper from city to city. Whih it was issued in St. Louis, [an official of the] a Mexican [govern] official, [who was] charged with maintaining the worst type of feudal slavery in his district, brought suit against [Magon] them for criminal [?] libel. The their printing plan & all their office furniture [was] were sold before they were brought to 6 After spending months in jail awaiting trial Magon got released on bail. Learning that his extradition to Mexico was being sought, which would have meant certain death, he paid his bondsman the amount of his bail & [took refuge] went to Canada for some time he edited [directed from there the] his paper from the other side of the border. In 1906, an insurrection [in Mexico was] against Diaz was planned in Mexico, & [Diaz] Magon went privately to El Paso Tex to consult with its leaders. A number of [them] his friends were arrested there, including Antonio Villareal, who [was] later became Minister of Agriculture under Obregon, Magon escaped. Thousands of posters offering $25000 [reward] for his capture were circulated through the Southwest & displayed in post offices & other public places. He evaded his persecutors for about a year. Then he was arrested in Los Angeles, without a warrant, the intention, as [the Mexican consul] was afterwards acknowledged, [confused admitted] was to [kidnap] spirit him across the border. [ut] But he and his friends announced in the streets what the [pro] purpose was; a great crowd gathered, and the kidnapping became impracticable. [Mc] Magon's captors had to take him to the police station, and manufacture an accusation. They charged him with all sorts of offences, from resisting an officer to murder, but all the accusations [broke down,] were 7 disproved, one after another. Finally; after he had spent nearly two years in the county jail, he was found guilty (on forged evidence, as he declared) of breaking the law by giving material aid to an attempted insurrection in Mexico, [thus breaking the neutrality laws], & was sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment. As soon as he came out, he started his paper again this time in Los Angeles. In 1911 he & his brother & others were again arrested, on a charge of sending [*men?] arms & ammunition into Mexico; there was more perjured testimony - confessed to as false afterwards by the witnesses. Magon was sent to McNeill's Island for 23 months, [Released in 1914. Three years later] One of his fellow prisoners says, in the New Republic, that any Mexican in the prison would have died for Magon. In 1917 he was arrested again for articles in his paper [*critizing Carragia & the shooting of Mexicans in Texas] This time he was given a sentence of one year & one month as it was thought he had not long to live He had to be taken from a hospital bed to be tried. He appealed from the sentence, was let out on bond; & while the appeal was finding he was arrested again, and 8 sentenced, under the Espionage Act, to 21 years' imprisonment for publishing a radical manifesto in his paper, and failing to file a translation of it with the authorities as required by law. (Ten anti-Diaz papers published on the United States side of the border were suppressed). His printer and devoted friend, Librado Rivera, was sentenced to 15 years for the same offence. It was a monstrous sentence - the longest imposed upon any political prisoner [?] with the late war. [With a num] A group of Americans who believe in freedom of speech and of the press, including myself made persistent efforts to get his sentence commuted to deportation to Mexico. The present Mexican government was willing to [?] irrational. It is hard to see how any person of common sense can fancy that we could get along without a government, but as a matter of observation & practical experience,9 Deputies voted him a pension while he was in prison, but he refused it. He had conscientious scruples against taking any money raised by taxation. During the earlier years of his activity, his paper was not an anarchist or even a Socialist publication, but simply a libertarian journal. For [g?] Advocated of revolution in Ireland, Italy, Hungary, South America, etc, had been allowed to publish papers in the United States urging a change of governments in their own countries [as they did not give material aid break the neutra] but Mexico was made an exception. In his later years, Magon was in principle an anarchist. In my opinion, the [?] receive him back and joined with the Mexican Federation of Labor in asking for his release. He was so highly respected in his country that the Chamber of 10 [?] find that many anarchists are worthy and lovable human beings, who are not trying to overthrow the government of the US by violence, and who have no more intention of setting off bombs than the mildest Sunday school Superintendant. The mistaken opinions of such persons should be met with fair argument, not with prison sentences. The article for which MIgon was condemned may be ready by anyone in the Congressional Record of __. It was not any incitation to violence it was not aimed at the United States; but it was held under the Espionage Act that it might discourage enlistment or cause insubordination among the soldiers - none of whome were at all likely to see it - & Magon was given what in his state of health was practially aBy A S BlackwellJan 25, 1902 "The fit woman as an educator & philathropist," Mercedes Marin del Solar born 1804 died 1868 & Rosario Orrego de Urribe. Fr her youth up, entering advoc of better ed op for women. Much criticism as being "mannish" & hairy "brains of a man," Her struggles vividly described in her autobiography. She says she was always averse to making any grt pretenioness as a student, & adds "Fr a very early age my parents made me understand that whatever knowledge I might require thro my reading, it was necces for me to learn 1st how to hold my tongue. Reflecting upon all the opp who existed at that time to giving even an elementary ed to girls, & doubtless also exag it thro oversensitiveness, I came to the conclusion that a let women in these countries was a sort of strange phenomenon, if not a ridiculous creature, & that for me to cultivate my mental faculties exacted to a certain extent a sacrifice of personal happiness." Wrote only when so deeply moved she could not help it In 1859, after the war, 49 young men Pity she did not live to see opening Union of C to women in 1886. Rosario Orrego "I lived opposite to her for years in Valp & I can see her yet, fighting w a traveler in the street - for beating his horse." Noted for her independent ways. Able writer, poet of merit, for many yrs edited the Revista de Valp, besides writing for many [?] y leading papers. In the early 60's, she took part in the struggle to opened not only to women but to the common people. To those who opposed pub ed for the poor, saying ed criminal is most dangerous, she ans "Nonsense! Knowledge is a 2-bladed weapon: it may be the dagger of the assassin or the knife w wh the father of a family distrib bread to his children. - A woman has achieved success as an ed, but excels as a philanthropist. During the war of independence, 1812 to 1818, Antonia Salas de Errazurcy did extensive work in the [3] hospitals & prison camps, turned our beautiful suburban home into a hospital, nursed the sick & wounded w her own hands, & paid the cost out of own pocket. Was aided heart & hand by Josefa Aldanate de O'Higgins. Josefa & her brother Bernado O'Higgins, the grt liberator", were the children of Ambrose Higgins, a little Irish boy who was employed in Dublin abt middle of last century as [an ed] a letter carrier. The P post marks filled him in romantic dreams. Was sent to an uncle, a priest in Cadiz, to be educated, found his way to Peru, later to Chile, obtained a commission in army & rose to be Viceroy. He then prefixed O, thinking it more aristocratic. Josefa was exiled to Peru, nursed her brother there till his death, then returned to [Peru] Chile & was active in hosp work till she died at a grt age. Clara Barton - Señora Juana Ross de Edwardes another singularly large hearted woman. Her name shows both her own grand father & her husband were English. They were 2 of the foreigners who fought for4 independence of Chile. She built churches schools asylums, hospitals, and improved tenements for poor, Built & maintained in Valp one of finest maternity hosps in world. Helps the "sheltering homes" for people in [need] temporary need Little Sisters of Poor & many private charities, giving sometimes ¼ of a million at a time. When the bursting of a large [dam] reservoir above Valp swept 100 people out to sea & left 100's more homeless & penniless, she took the survivors into her own palace, filling every room & corridor in beds. Afterwards she set them up in business again, investigating each case separately, supplying the sewing girl w a new machine & carpenter w tools & each w money for first months rent. Very unostentateous. Never wore hat or bonnet, but covered head in lace veil and wore cotton handles instead 5 of silk, preferring to give aid to poor, 2 fash English women. During rev of 1891 she was one of first persons exiled, the Dictator recognizing her as a formidable enemy.A Mexican Poet Mexico is a land of many poets. The one who is esteemed above all others by his own countrymen is Manuel Gutierrez Najera (born 1859. died 1895). He was a journalist as well as a poet; and everything that he wrote, whether in prose or [poetry] verse, is marked by a singular grace of expression. Indeed, translation is one of the hardest tests to which any poet can be put, since the music and [?] of language, which constitute is large a part of the charm of poetry, perish in the translation. It is like the soul of a bewitching woman coming up for judgment after death. She is stripped of her rich clothes, of her glittering jewels, even of her beautiful body. Nothing but the naked soul is left. [Unless the soul itself is lovely, nothing of her charm remains.] It is only the naked soul of poetry that can be carried over from one language into another. 2 Unless the essential thought is beautiful, all the charm is gone. Some of Najera's poems can meet even this severe test. One of his best is "Dead Waves": ([?]"Dead Waves") Najera's poems are romantic and melancholy. They are deeply tinged by French influence, [yet] but many of his ideas and figures are [wholly but his own.] distinctively his own. A striking poem is "Butterflies": Whether white as flitting snowflakes, Whether dark, or blue, or crimson, They adorn the air in myriads And amid the petals frolic. Lightly springing from the blossoms, Like the fleeing souls of races, They with winning grace sit swaying On the leaves, their verdant hammocks. By a gleam their life is kindled And a drop at eve can quench it.3 They appear with dawn's first brightness, and before the dark they perish. Who knows where their hidden nests are - where they find repose at nightfall? The coquettes, in contrast, fickle, Have no home, no sleeping chamber. They are born, love, shine, and perish; In the air they change in dying, Pass away and have no traces, Like the drops of some light light shower. Some of them are turned to blossoms; others, up to heaven summoned, with their million gleaming winglets given to form the glorious rainbow. Where is there they nest, O rover? Where they harem, [wee?] Sultona? Who, coquette, they favored lover? Where, O bitterly, they death sleep? Thus take wing, and pass, and perish. The chimered, love and glory. Those bright pinious of the spirit, whether white, or red, or agere. Who knows when and where we lost you, Dreams like butterflies that glittered? Ah, how swift your bright surarums vanish. 4 In the soul when falls the shadow! Why dost thou not come, than white one? Nest than not the orange blossom Of my bride? Ah me! I made thee Of the white drops from the tofer That I carried at the altar of my parish church in hayfroad[?]. Thou wast artless, chaste, believing; When Thou on my lips [dist] didst tremble, Thou didst murmar, raptures herald, "Now thy wedding night approaches!" She, the white one, she the good one, Comes no more; nor yet the chimsou, Which I dyed in red -- a live kiss On some rosy lips pressed sharply; Nor the blue, that called me pact; Nor the gold, that promised glory. In my soul the night has fallen; All the butterflies have vanished! Light that yellow waxen toper; Now the others will come thronging - Those with black wings, circling nearer Dancing a funeral measure. Comrades, now the wax is burning; Comrades, now the room is empty.Mexican Poet SpanishElla. Sumida entre la lóbraga cantera de mi cerebro calcinado, pura oomo el diamante en el carbon, fulgura su faz como la ví por vez primera. Y, cual rendido lapidario, espera mi amor, cina la humilde vestidura en que hoy envuelvo su ideal figura de artista, de mujer y de hechicera. Si algo palpita en mi Poema, gota de agua en el arenal, si deja huella o consigue ligar un alma rota; si desgerra las sombras la centella de un verso - luz que en el olvido flota, es su lejana irradiacón: es Ella! And, like a humble inscription on a tumble stone, my love awaits (the moment) when [she will] she will dawn the simple garment in which today I wrap her ideal shape, the figure of an artist, of a woman of a bewitching being. h. B. That is as near as I can make it out, to me it has very little sense _ too exotic! C. Z J.SpanishAmerican Religious Poetry By Alice Stone Blackwell [Of] Among all the tragedies [growing out] of the present war, the blackest has been the systematic extermination of the Armenians in Turkey. For [almost two] thousands of years, Armenian history has been a series of tragedies. The glory has been relieved by many high lights of heroism; & the heroism & the tragedy alike have been closely bound up with the question of religion. The ancestral home of the Armenians is a mountainous region of Western Asia, lying around Mt. Ararat. According to their own tradition, they are descended from one of the sons of Jophet, who settled there after the flood. [At all events, they stet have been there from] [before time immemorial.] The cities and villages from which they have 2 now been driven out to perish in the desert had been their home since before the dawn of recorded history. Their country contains the sources of the Tigris, Euphrates & Araxes rivers, and is the traditional site of the Garden of Eden. It was the [home seat] seat of one of the most ancient civilizations [in] on the [world] globe. [The Armenians are of Aryan race, & of pure] [Caucasian blood. F] According to tradition, Christianity was preached in [r] Armenia in the first century by the Apostles Thaddeus and Bartholomew. It is historic fact that the king & the whole nation embraced Christianity in A.D. 276, under the preaching of St. Gregory, called ["The] "the Illuminator". (over) [Their f steadfast] [adherence to their faith Christianity has been the cast them] [centuries of persecution, which] [cause of most of their troubles, which which] [culminated ing ed in the war during the] [past year in the colossal barbarities which have of the past year.] [no precedent in modern history.] [Most The root of their troubles has been] [that they were a Christian nation]Their stedfast adherence to their faith has cost them centuries of trouble, which culminated in the colossal barbarities of the past year. 3 As a Christian nation whose lot [was] has been cast beyond the frontiers of Christiandom, they have [been under] had to suffer continual [pressure] persecution from the [surrounding] heathen peoples around [surrounding] them. Their country has been successively invaded by the Shahs of Persia, the Caliphs of Bagdad, the Sultans of Egypt, the Khans of Tartary, and the Ottoman Turks. All these invasions were accompanied by terrible cruelties; yet through them all the Armenians have clung tenaciously to the Christian faith. It is often said that help is especially due to Belgium, because that brave little country checked the tide of the German invasion of France. The Armenians rendered a still greater service. Geographically, Armenia is the bridge between Europe and Asia; and for hundreds of years the Armenians played the part of Horatius, and "kept the bridge",4 beating back wave after wave of the Asiatic invasions [that] which threatened to over[flow]whelm the Western world. They have deserved well of civilization. Whatever we can do for them today should be done with open hand. It is not a charity but a debt. [The Armenians have done yeoman service not only] [to civilization but to Christianity.] In the middle of the fifth century [the Persians were aiming at the conquest] [and conversion of the world, and its conversion to fire] [worship.] Armenia had already lost its national independence. It was subject to Persia, but was ruled by its own feudal chiefs & princes. The Persians at this time were aiming at the conquest and the conversion of the world. In A.D. 450, the Persian king sent a letter to the Armenian princes, [calling upon] commanding them to embrace fire worship. A great council was called, [and] in which bishops and laymen sat [together] side by side. [Egiché] An answer of unanimous refusal was drawn up. The text of it 5 has been preserved for us in a history of the period written by Egiché, one of the bishops who signed the [document] refusal. After answering the arguments of the Persian king against Christianity, they said in conclusion: (Insert reply, from Page V of Introduction in the book) The King of Persia invaded Armenia with a vast army. The battle was fought on the plain of Avarair, under Mt. Ararat. The much smaller force of the Armenians was defeated, and their leader, Vartan, was killed; but this stubborn resistance [offered by the whole nation] convinced the Persian king that they [he] could never [convert them] be won over to fire worship. According to Egiché, the Persian high priest of fire said: "These people have put on6 Christianity not like a garment, but like their flesh and blood. Men who do not dread fetter, nor fear torments, nor care for their property, and, worst of all, who choose death rather than life -- who can stand against them?" The Armenians cherish the memory of these events with a passionate enthusiasm. The mountaineers of the Caucasus still drink the health of the Vartan at their festivals, and wreathe his picture with red flowers on the anniversary of the battle. Only a few months ago, an Armenian girl, [now studying] a student in an Ohio college, [lately] sent me a picture post card showing Vartan surrounded by his soldiers, an [overthrown] altar of fire overthrown in [front of him] the foreground, a page [hurrying] [to] bringing [him] Vartan his sword, and a prelate in the characteristic dress of the Armenian clergy waving them on against the Persians. The national songs are full of allusions to Vartan and Avarair (over) [and] [Avarain it seems it was necessary to give a] [sketch of this preliminary sketch before} [going on to show, by some examples samples] [of Armenian poetry, how closely] [religion Christianity their faith has been entwined]Some characteristic selections from Armenian poetry will show how long and how closely [Christianity has] their attachment to Christianity has been entwined 7 with the very heartstrings of the people. The following lines on "The Christ Child" are by St. Gregory of Narek (born 951; died 1011): (insert from Page 115 of the book) A prolific writer of hymns was "Nerses the Graceful" (born 1102; died 1172). The following couplets will give some idea of his spirit: (insert from page 116 of the book) The late Archbishop Khorene Nar Bey de Lusignan, in his two poems, "Let us Live Armenians" and "Let us Die Armenians," has expressed vividly the tenacious adherence of his race to their religion. The life of all Armenians centres round our faith's char altar fires.8 (insert the succeeding 4 stanzas from the book. Page 56 & 57. Then make a line of dots . . . . . . . . and turn back to page 53, and add the stanza beginning Our nation, ever following the Lord, and all the stanzas on page 54, except the one that begins "Our house beloved." According to Armenian tradition, the Apostle Thaddeus converted Santoukhd, the daughter of the Armenian king; and the enraged monarch put to death both the apostle and the princess. The Armenians believe that she was the earliest Christian martyr among women. She has had thousands of successors of the same blood. The following lines are from "The 9 Lily of Shavarshan", by the late Leo Alishan, a monk in [Lazare] at Venice: insert from page 103 of the book. On page 104, first line, substitute the word maid for bride. In the middle of the page, instead of "Trees, flowers bud forth," say "Trees bud, and flowers." On page 105, after "This world is all too low," omit the next 12 lines. Another striking poem by Alishan is "The Nightingale of Avarair": (insert from page 107) On page 108, for "voice of the night" write, "voice of the dark". On page 109, write as follows Is not a bird, but a soul - it is [Eghidi's] sweet-voiced spirit,10 That sees the unique of ... for aye in the ... -blooming mode* In winter he walks alone, and mourns in the midst of the desert; In Spring coves to Avarair, to the bush with roses aflame. To ... and to call aloud, with ... voice, ... To see if ... yet Vartau may answer when called by his name