BLACKWELL FAMILY ELIZABETH BLACKWELL GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE BEALE, ARTHUR A. 1896 and undated175 Clapham Rd SW Jan 3rd 96 Bristol friend on animals Dear Dr. Blackwell Pray forgive my apparent rudeness & discourtesy in not answering your letter & invitation. It was due to a great rush of professional & other work. It was quite impossible to meet you as you requested as on Wednesday I hadto go out of Town (a permanent weekly engagement). The next time you come to Town I should be delighted to meet you again to discuss business of Trust. By the by a friend of mine in Bristol of a scientific & neo philosophical mind is anxious to lecture on animals from the humanitarian stand point but as he is not of Independent means I fear he & Trust would not be of mutual aid. What do you think? With kindest wishes Yours very sincerely Arthur A Beale Suggestions not carried out for lack of help-- IV Plato versus Aristotle V Where Materialism Fails VI Have we a duty to animals VII Evolution above & below VIII Do Bacteria primarily Cause disease IX The Unity of Truth in Science X Science above & below XI Science in Nineteenth century AD & BC. XII Are we superior to the Ancient Egyptians Thank you for enclosed indenture which I had however previously seen Yours very sincerely Arthur A BealeSuggestions for Lectures The new and delightful quarters of the London School of Economics and Political Science, at the corner of Adelphi-terrace, were thronged on Saturday night at the opening of the British Library of Political Science. Miss Payne Townshend and the other trustees of the school and library welcomed several hundreds of guests representing the State, the Church, the County Council, the vestries, the railways, art, science, economics, and literature. The lecturers and students of the school were the guests of the evening, and there was no opening ceremony. Amongst the visitors one caught sight of Cardinal Vaughan's picturesque and courtly figure, Dr. Talbot, the Bishop of Rochester, and the Chief Rabbi, Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Courtney, Mr. Haldane, Mr. Bond and Mr. A. H. A. Morton brought in a little leaven of politics, Sir Alfred Lyall, of the India Office, Mr. Bateman, Mr. Schloss and Mr. Dent, of the Board of Trade, represented the Civil Service. Dr. Garnett, the head of the County Councils Technical Education Board, Mr. and Mrs. Sidney Webb, Mr. Crompton, Mr Hewins, director of the school, and scores of other well-known Londoners were also present. Of professors and lecturers and students there was a great crowd. Henceforth the library will be open to anyone who wants to ransack its 2,000 volumes. [The Premier has now a neighbor in Sir] True & false science or something general like that Scientific Therapeutics is too vague a term (in my estimation) Fallacious Therapeutics seems to me better Hypnotism treated in a negative way would hardly prove of general interest For 4 I would suggest Humane Study of Nature or Biology I know you will appreciate my candidness with kind regards Yours very sincerely Arthur A Beale I think we ought to have one on Mind & diseaseDec 14th 96 175, Clapham Road. S.W. Dear Dr. Blackwell I assure you the pleasure was quite mutual & next time we meet I feel it will be as friends devoted to the same object. This question of the kindness to animals & our relation to them has greatly occupied my mind & I nowfeel I have hit something definite. I have felt that the A V. (Anti vivisection) movement in some way is wrong & quite ineffectual to stem the tide of materialism & cruelty, & thinking so I look around to see in what way I can serve the cause especially as a member of the Executive Committee, & now I open to you the campaign in which the L. B. T. (Leigh Browne Trust) or some such similar association must play an important part. Mr Bell has told me he was once distressed by a medical friend of his telling him that he (his friend) believed that the A V Soc had helped to create vivisection. This I have pondered on & I am now more or less convinced the medicus was right. But how? By emphasizing the evil. You know what a splendid advertisement it is to create opposition. J S Mill says Christianity was never in a more healthy state than under the reign of martyrdomI maintain that by opposing Vivisection we strengthen it. This by your remarks is I believe your own conviction. Now what is to be done? Starve the vice & feed a better system. "The Vivisector says you say this is not necessary tell us what can take its place" Now we have got to tell them what can take its place. I do not start with disbelief in the profession I believe they are a body of well thinking people all having good hearts if we can get at them. We have got to get at them. A Friend of mine (medical) last night 175 Clapham Road. S.W. said he believed the profession is waiting for the call. Woe to him who will not give the call. We have in our midst a number of spiritual minded medicals these must be got at first. Now the L. B. T. if it could get the force of the A V. Soc to back it instead of using that force to oppose uses it to construct. Soon the people will learn that vivisection is notnecessary, in fact that there are means better, surer and not harmful. If the Zoophilist could be worked on these lines & as you yourself said Look to the good & forget the bad. Fill your garden with flowers & the weeds will cease to grow Weed if must be but in weeding as a friend of mine says, think of the flowers that are to be. Thought is all powerful in this world. Let those thoughts be pure, exalted & all good as devoted to human progress and a new dawn, a holy spiritual dawn will break. If we think hard of Vivisectors we keep up that friction that kills. Dispel the clouds with love & then if that is met with hate that hate is its own destruction. In working this we must get the cooperation of intelligent, unselfish & devoted medical men. This might be got by a small appeal to the profession not for funds (this might repel) but for cooperation. I feel we shall get the best help from homeopaths.though I am not one myself. I wonder if something of this sort could be started through the Incorporated Medical Practitioners Association, which was founded for ethical purposes. This soc. I fear was started for professional selfish ends. This I do know that a generous impulse that proposed the L. B. T. must hear fruit & good fruit. A course of lectures might help to inaugurate the movement the following would be helpful titles I Where does disease start II Thought its power & what is behind III Intuition in medicine in question was an outline of a lecture I gave before a Theosophical audience & [?] is read more or less only by Theosophists you will better appreciate my position It would indeed be a poor compliment to your credulity did I think my remarks would convince you They were only intended to convince those who accepted the outline & might not have filled up the details. With every kind wish Yours very sincerely & fraternally Arthur A Beale [?]Jan 21st 97 [*Edinburgh Student*] 175, Clapham Road. S.W. Dear Dr. Blackwell The enclosed I received from Edinburgh it speaks for itself. What would you advise now. Yours sincerely Arthur A BealeP. M. G. Jan 9th 97 --"Vivisection at Edinburgh University"-- This is at an organization called "Medical Christians"-- object to vivisection; "in the physiological class, where experiments involving the dissection of living subjects takes place, they leave the lecture theatre" ... "Professor Rutherford has been giving these 'Medical Christians' a piece of his mind....." Many disapproved of the experiments because they did not know any better. He would not, however, have the physiological instruction of 99, may 99.5, he might even say 99.9 percent of his students interfered with because of the hyper-aesthesia of a few" -- So in spite of 'Medical Christians,' vivi : still goes on in E. University."Clipping encl. in Beale letter (Jan. 21, 1897)Letters to the Editor. PROFESSOR RUTHERFORD AND THE ANTI- VIVISECTIONISTS. 3 Granby Road, Craigmillar Park, January 27, 1897. SIR—In your leader to-day, speaking of the members and directors of Anti-Vivisection Societies, you say "one would expect them to show their care and benevolence, among other ways, in shrinking from the acceptance and circulation of false reports." My experience is that those interested in the movement are, as a rule, exceedingly careful. There could be nothing more damaging to any cause than the repetition of what is unfounded. But Professor Rutherford is himself to blame for having allowed the paragraph in question to go so long uncontradicted. In his letter of to-day, however, he makes the matter worse for himself. While it appears it is not true that on the specific occasion any student left because of vivisection, yet it is true that, having this week elicited the opinion of his class, five students are found to object. There is a courage here displayed, amid difficult circumstances, that is unusual. Many will feel that Professor Rutherford's depreciatory references to them are far from creditable to him as a gentleman. You indulge in a general charge against anti- vivisectionists retailing idle, groundless, malicious gossip. Perhaps this may best be answered by an incident of last week. Miss Frances Power Cobbe (whose position as a founder of the movement along with the late Lord Shaftesbury is well known) read the paragraph in a London weekly, and wrote the editor as to his authority. He answered that it was the "Pall Mall Gazette." She at once wrote me asking if I could throw light on the matter. I replied stating it had appeared in the "Edinburgh Evening Dispatch," and forwarded at the same time a copy of "The Student," December 16, 1896, from which the whole thing had originated. If there was not carefulness here to verify, and avoid mere sensational, unwarrantable tales, I do not know what accuracy means. But it is really idle for Professor Rutherford to reflect on any repeating what has been circulating for the last five weeks in the public press. Has he, or has he not, seen "The Student" of December 16th, p. 115? Are the words (under physiology notes) there reported his, or are they an invention? "The Student" is a University organ, and until he can disclaim these words as his, he must bear the responsibility of what has been circulated and said.—I am, &c. JOHN BAIRD. THERE may be two opposite opinions held on the subject of vivisection. There can be only one opinion on the subject of retailing idle, groundless, and malicious gossip concerning this or any other matter of public or private interest. Granting for the sake of argument that the people who are members and directors of Anti-Vivisection Societies are not as other men, but are more tender hearted, scrupulous, and high strung than the average of their fellows, especially than those wicked experimenters in vivisection, one would expect them to show their care and benevolence, among other ways, in a shrinking from the acceptance and circulation of false reports. But alas for the rarity of Christian charity even in the chosen ranks of the anti-vivisectionists. One finds them as ready as most—nay, much more ready than the common herd of mankind, or than the very physiologists themselves—to believe tales that they deem damaging and discreditable concerning those with whose views and practices they disagree. Professor Rutherford provides to-day an example in point. At the recent meeting of the Scottish Anti-Vivisection Society, the Rev. Mr Allan rejoiced over a report that had gone abroad that "a number of the medical students of Edinburgh University had banded together in the resolve to leave the Physiology Class-Room whenever any vivisection practice was carried on." Professor Rutherford was represented as being very angry ; and the speaker expressed the hope that the outcome of the movement would be to "cast aside altogether an absurd method of research." The effect of such a statement could only be mischievous ; one finds it hard to believe that the intention was not to do mischief in the class and to the teacher. The Professor, in a letter printed elsewhere, puts a pin into the bubble. He says, and appears to prove, that it is a piece of mere idle gossip. It happened, he says, that in November two members of his class left the room during an experiment on an anæsthetised rabbit. As they left their cards at the same time, the Professor was able to send for and question them ; and obtained from them the assurance that their leaving had nothing to do with the experiment. Further to satisfy himself, Dr. Rutherford addressed a request to the whole 448 students attending his class, asking whether they desired that he should continue his painless experiments on living animals. Only five cards were sent in with a negative answer, and none of the senders was a student of distinction. So that the feeling or movement on which the Anti-Vivisection Society was asked to plume itself represented only about 1 per cent. of the Physiology Class. It is the old story of the "hundred black cats over again." It does not stand by itself. Attempts are systematically made to harrow the nerves and feelings of a susceptible and kind-hearted public by tales of the torments and atrocities of which the class-rooms of Professor Rutherford and other physiologists are the scenes. Nearly always these stories have proved to be inventions or gross and absurd exaggerations. By law, experiments of the kind are only permitted under conditions that jealously guard against their abuse, or indeed their use for any other purpose than that of scientific instruction or research, or in any way open to the charge of a needless infliction of pain on the animals operated upon. By the use of anæsthetics they are made practically painless ; and even if we were to suppose that a certain modicum of pain is inflicted, it is inflicted on lower organisms with the object not merely of extending knowledge, but of minimising pain and prolonging life in man. The broad and common-sense public view is that by this and kindred means infinitely more is done for the cause of humanity than by the outcries of the company of old ladies of both sexes who chiefly reinforce the ranks of the anti-vivisectors. At all events, if they are to do good, or obtain credence, or build up for themselves the foundation of a reputation as authorities and critics on matters of "research," they will have to examine more carefully, and in a more charitable spirit, the idle or sensational tales that come to their ears from Professors' classrooms and elsewhere. Unless they do this, anti-vivisectionists are likely to continue to form no larger a percentage of the general community than of the Physiology Class.HOUSEMAID (18) wanted; young general would suit; lady train; plain washing; country; small family. E117, Scotsman Office. HOUSEMAID (experienced under) wanted, £16, titled family; another, £14, assist in laundry. Registry, 15 Shandwick Place. HOUSEMAIDS (two), upper and under, wanted immediately. Apply Jameson, 63 Queen Street. Telephone 2253. HOUSE-Laundrymaid wanted immediately; good at shirts. Apply 36 Royal Terrace. 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KITCHENMAID wanted immediately; Perthshire. Apply Jameson, 63 Queen Street. Telephone, 2253. LAUNDRESS (experienced) wanted; some housework; some assistance in laundry; £22. Address No.111, Keith & Co., Edinburgh. LAUNDRYMAID (first-class head) wanted; three kept; Yorkshire; liberal wages to suitable servant. Dodds' Registry, Charlotte Place. LAUNDRYMAID (experienced) wanted, £22, Alloa, lady and gentleman; another, £22, Broughty Ferry. Registry, 15 Shandwick Place. LAUNDRYMAID (experienced) wanted three days every week, town; must be well recommended. Dodds' Registry, Charlotte Place. LAUNDRYMAIDS for hotels, now and February, single- handed and with assistance. Henderson's Agency, 8 Young Street. MOTHER'S-Help to assist lady with children; sewing; no housework; £12. Rooms. 137 Princes Street. NURSE (smart), with some experience of children; good sewer; comfortable situation; full particulars. 4352, Scotsman Office. NURSE (experienced) wanted, £18-£20, good sewer; another, £16, Dunbar, walking children. Registry, 15 Shandwick Place. NURSE for 20th February, take charge baby from month; £18; three maids. Rooms. 137 Princes Street. SCULLERYMAID wanted for restaurant; must be respectable and have good references. Apply 11 Cockburn Street, SERVANT (competent general) wanted immediately, able to [?] bake, and iron. December 1892. This makes the seventh successive defeat of the North, who have not scored a win since January 1880, when they carried off the match at Lockwinnoch by a majority of 28 shots. Yesterday's contest, by the way, was only the third that it has been found possible to play since December 1886. The umpires were:—Mr Thomson, solicitor, Dunblane; Mr Kinross, Hilltown, Alloa; Mr Anderson, Kippendavie; and Mr Taylor, Blackford. The usual match between rinks chosen by the president and president-elect of the club, the Earl of Kintore and the Right Hon. A. J. Balfour, M.P., respectively, was played concurrently with the bonspiel, and resulted in the success of the president's team by 100 shots to 58. Eight rinks competed. The following is the result of the bonspiel, with the names of the skips:— NORTH. SOUTH. The Right Hon. Lord Balfour, Clackmannan and Kennet. 18 J. Duncan, Croy 20 C. W. Tait, do, 19 Rev. P. Anton, Croy 13 J. M'Donald, Scone and J. M. Williamson, Perth 27 Musselburgh 6 A. Steel, Scone and Perth 9 John Young, Musselburgh 13 M. Power, St. Andrews 13 James Smith, Slamannan 8 Wm. Whitelaw, Perth 8 Wm. Hutchison, Slamannan 19 P.W. Campbell, Perth 13 And. Robertson, Slamannan 16 A. B. Gilroy, Dundee 15 Dr M'Fadyen, Stirling 14