CATT, Carrie Chapman General Correspondance Blackwell, Alice Stone 1944-47 Carrie Chapman Catt 120 Paine Avenue New Rochelle New York January 22, 1944. My dear Alice; I was astonished, but greatly pleased to receive a poem from you recently. You are a great girl. About the same time I received a letter from my Iowa- Suffrage-Friend, Mrs. Hunter, who sent me the Christmas -program of their Unitarian Church, in Des Moines, and in it was one of your poems. If I did not have such a pile of unanswered letters I could dig it out and send it to you. I may even do so soon. For twenty of more years Henrietta Wald, who was picked up and put into the New York Headquarters when she quite a young girl, and was taken over and by me has been my Secretary ever since; she has kept my books and written my letters. On the first of October she became ill and had a serious operation and has not been here since. As I have the same trouble with my eyes that you have you can imagine that I have been having a hard time. I am hoping that she will be well enough to come back soon. With best wishes to you now and always and may you be as comfortable as nature permits. This getting old is not a pleasant process. Lovingly yours, Carrie Chapman Catt Carrie Chapman Catt. CCC.a. Christmas Service December 26, '43 11 A.M. Hymn 533 "O Come, All Ye Faithful" Invocation Sergeant Charles Beckley Choral Response Reading: Birth Story and The Magnificat "O Nightingale Awake" Swiss Folksong Reading; The Angels and the Shepherds "Shepherd's Christmas Song Austrian Folksong Reading; The Wise Men from The East "Shepherds on This Hill" Greek Folksong "The Christmas Spirit from Many Lands" Sunday School Children Offertory Mrs. Donald Anderson Sermon: "Good Will Among Men" Hymn 535 "The First Nowell" (First three verses) BENEDICTION: May good will among all men season our dauntless determination to win that lasting peace which we so resolutely seek. And may this peace begin within ourselves that we may ever prove an example to those who look to us for strength. Amen. THIS CHRISTMAS * * 1943 The smoke of battle hides the stars, Yet still they shine on high. Tho battle thunder drowns the chimes, Their message cannot lie. The Christmas candles shed their beams With fearless lustre clear; The chimes ring out, "We usher in A great and brave New Year! Rise, do your part, be strong of heart; Bring peace on earth more near!" -Alice Stone Blackwell. We wish to thank Sergeant Beckley who is here on vacation from Camp Stewart, Georgia, the choir and Mrs. Anderson for their part on this mornings program as well as the children of our Sunday School who, with the help of Mrs. Bertin and Mrs. Larimore, have worked with enthusiasm to present their play. Mrs. Golden and Mrs. Virginia Morgan also assisted. A PARISH MEETING will be held in the church January 2 immediately following the morning service. Plan to be present. During January Mr. Bach will be in Boston. In his absence after January 2 you will be privileged to hear Rabbi Levens, Dr. Stalnaker, Rabbi Cashdan and speakers on our Laymen's Sunday service. GREET YOUR NEIGHBOR AFTER THE SERVICE CHURCH DIRECTORY Unitarian Church, Minister's Study 1027 High Street......................4-9761 Trustees Chairman, E. A. Franquemont 3130 Forty-fourth Street.................5-1362 Trustees Secretary, Mrs. Lewis Bertin 3847 East Thirty-eighth Street Church Treasurer, Mrs. Franklin Brown 2922 East Madison.......................6-2126 Religious Education, Mrs. Donald Anderson 1234 East Thirteenth Street...............6-2192 House Committee Chairman, John Luin 1420 Forth-second Street...................7-3762 Unity Circle President, Mrs. T. G. Dyer 1349 Forty-third Street....................5-3459 Young Adult Club Secretary, Esther Norman 2018 1/2 Cottage Grove..................3-0367 Choir Director, Karl A. Bach 335 Fifty-sixth Street.........................5-3580 Organist, Margaret Wilson Hamilton Apartments........................4-5891 Visitors are cordially invited to attend any of our church functions and are asked to sign the guest book in the vestibule after the morning service. REGULAR MEETINGS Church School Sundays 9:45 A.M. Morning Service Sundays 10:55 A.M. Trustees Mondays, first 8:00 P.M. Laymen's League Tuesdays, second and fourth 7:45 P.M. Unity Circle Thursdays, alternate 2:00 P.M. Friends of the church are sincerely welcome to become members by signing a membership card and giving or mailing the same to the minister. Anyone interested in the aims and work of our liberal church can assist very definitely by making regular contributions to its support. For subscription blanks and information speak to the minister or call the church treasurer, Mrs. Franklin Brown, 710 Southern Surety Bldg. First Unitarian Church Eleventh and High Streets DES MOINES, IOWA Our Bond of Fellowship We hereby associate ourselves together for the study and practice of morality and religion as interpreted by the growing thought and the noblest lives of humanity, hoping thereby to prove helpful one to another and to promote Truth, Righteousness, and Love in the world. Karl A. Bach Minister 335 Fifth-sixth Street Telephone 5-3580 COPY. 30 Eastchester Road New Rochelle, N. Y. May 26, 1944. My dear Alice Stone Blackwell: No doubt you have learned through the papers of Mrs. Catt's illness, and I am writing this to let you know of her improvement, which we hopewill be continuous. Her attack came rather suddenly in the middle ofthe night Monday, the 22nd. She had been complaining of not feeling well for a couple of days,the doctor saw her Monday and said he would get a nurse and for her to stay in bed awhile. The nurse came Monday evening. In the middle of the night Mrs. Catt had a very bad heart attack, and was taken to the hospital and put under the oxygen tent. She responded nicely to treatment, the temperature has gone down, and she willsit up a little while today. I told her I would write to you and give [her] you her love. I am staying nights at her home with Alda Wilson, her companion. They have day help only, the cook, an elderly woman, going home nights, while a fine young woman comes three days a week to clean and a laundress one day a week also. I leave my car in the driveway so that we could get to the hospital in a very few minutes if necessary. We spend the afternoons with Mrs.Catt, reading a little, if she feels like it. There are plenty of things the nurses have to do to her so that she doesn't have time to get lonesome. You will be pleased to know that the biography of Mrs. Catt I have been at work on is being published very soon. It is being brought out by the H. W. Wilson Company, New York, the same company which published the Woman's Centennial Volume, "Victory". It is about 500 pages, with as many illustrations as they would let me have, and a full index. I need not tell you who wrote your mother's biography what a job it is to get such a book through the press. My book, unfortunately will not have the rare charm that enhances Lucy Stone's story in your telling. The most I can hope is that it will give an adequate idea of the monumental accomplishments of Mrs. Catt's long and dynamic career. In closing, let me assure you that everything possible is being done to assist Mrs.Catt through this illness, and that things look very favorable at present. With best wishes for you who have done so much for women in this country and throughout the world, hoping that you are in comfortable health, and with best regards to Edna Stantial if you think to give them to that indefatigable soul, I am affectionately yours, (signed) Mary Gray Peck CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 PAINE AVENUE NEW ROCHELLE NEW YORK September 12, 1944 Dear Alice: I hear that you are going to be eighty-seven this week. I have made a resolution to stay here, if I possibly can, until Hitler has left this mundane sphere. I do not think it is safe to leave the world without my protection and I presume you feel the same way! So, we will stay together, until we think the world will be safe without us. When the suffrage campaign came to an end, the National American, through the agency of Mrs. Helen Gardner [*Gardiner*], gathered a very creditable display for the Smithsonian Museum, in the name of the suffrage movement. We thought that was doing very well, but, within the last five years, a great many other places have desired to make a showing that would point out the details of the suffrage campaign. In the last twenty-five years before the campaign came to an end, photography had become very important and pictures had accumulated in the headquarters. As the photography grew clearer and more necessary in the publicity work, we had a publicity committee and the photographs greatly increased. As a result, when the two floors which constituted headquarters in 1920, were no longer necessary, we squeezed the offices into one floor and closed out the other. The pictures which had accumulated went along with the part that went to one floor. That part was squeezed again and moved to half a floor. We then moved from that building to another, where we had about half as much space as we had had before. Everywhere we moved, the pictures remained with us and, when we closed the last bit of office we had, those pictures were looked over and brought to my house and placed in the attic. I then began to pick out from them, when I had time, some pictures which might be hung on a wall and now the city of Rochester has built a city museum (a very creditable one, I am told). Some people there want to have a memorial to Miss Anthony, but the Museum itself wants to have a memorial of the whole suffrage movement. Therefore, I began to see a use for my pictures, which I had been framing myself. I think I have about seventy-five now ready to be hung somewhere, and when I get ready I am going to offer them to that Museum. These pictures are old and many of them are discolored and I think they will not last so very long. I am wondering if you have any pictures of suffragists who took some important part in the campaign, that you would like to get rid of. I would pay the cost of packing and transfer to New Rochelle. I would perhaps reframe them, if they are very old. I am not anxious to receive these pictures -2- so do not put yourself out at all. I have a good one of you and one of your mother and a very small one of your father. I would like to hang the three together, but they should be of the same size. Do not take any care or trouble about this matter, for it is of small consequence. What you should do is to rest yourself and stay here as long as possible. I enclose the September check for $36.74. You need not acknowledge receipt of it. Blessings on you, dear friend. If all the people in the world did as much good for their fellow men as you [did] have done, there would be no war and no Hitlers' now. Lovingly, Carrie C. Catt Miss Alice Stone Blackwell 1010 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 PAINE AVENUE NEW ROCHELLE NEW YORK September 20, 1944 Dear Alice: A few days ago, I sent you a check for $36.74, which was due you on the joint insurance which you and I receive. I send you two payments in a year and keep two for myself. However, in looking at my checkbook, I could not find that I had sent you a payment in the spring. About the time it should have been received and sent on to you, I went to the hospital. In the meantime, my secretary, whom I had had for twenty years, had been ill and had not been able to come to my aid for several months. You will not be surprised to learn that my financial affairs were somewhat neglected. Then, my secretary* died, and that was a great blow to me, for she had many things in her mind and memory. I therefore enclose another check for $36.74. This should have been paid to you in the spring. I hope you had a pleasant birthday and that all is going as well as possible with you. Lovingly, Carrie C. Catt Miss Alice Stone Blackwell 1010 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts [ ] [ ] CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 PAINE AVENUE NEW ROCHELLE NEW YORK September 27, 1944 Dear Alice: Many thanks for your letter. I am amazed that you write so well and especially that your lines are so straight. Concerning the checks, the one omitted in the spring is easily explained, for my secretary, who kept all these matters in mind, was never able again to come to my service and I had been taken off to the hospital. It was a long time after I retuned home before I could bring myself to attempt to strain out the correspondence that awaited me. Miss Wilson did the best she could to keep the house running and take care of all my needs too. I suggest that the first check, which I recently sent you, dated September 12, has probably arrived and been misplaced. It is customary to allow a little time before concluding that the check has been lost in the mails. That is a serious matter and required postoffice investigation. I will make a note of it and inquire of you later if it has been received and send you a duplicate, it is never comes to light. In the mean time, can you not have someone look over your papers and perhaps find it. When I lose a valuable letter, I am always thinking that it must have slipped off into the waste basket, but, in all my years, I have never proved that any letter went that way and generally I have found it concealed in some place where it belonged. Just look a little more and, if you find it, let me know. And, anyway, I will write you to ask about it when I think time enough has elapsed. You mention Catherine Breschkovsky. Is she still living? I do not want to put you to the trouble of writing another letter to tell me this, but try to remember it when you do write again. Lovingly, Carrie Chapman Catt Miss Alice Stone Blackwell 1010 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 PAINE AVENUE NEW ROCHELLE NEW YORK January 15, 1945 My dear Alice: I went to New York last week and spent four days celebrating my birthday. I had two birthday parties and a tea! And, you can understand that I was very glad to get home again. I found your letter awaiting me and one from Harriett Taylor Upton. Just fifty years ago, about this time, we were all getting ready to attend the convention at Atlanta. You were the Secretary and Harriett was the Treasurer and I was placed at the head of a committee and put on the Board, making eight persons where there had been seven. My mind went back over those fifty years and, now, out of the eight, only three are living; Harriett, you and I. We worked together long and steadfastly. Harriett is ninety-one and I think you are eighty-eight and I am just turned eighty-six. All the rest are gone and we who are left are thinking about the things left in our care and what to do with them. A good many of the colleges are trying to specialize at this late day on the woman movement, but, of course, there is not much left for them and few things are of any value unless they are placed in connection with many other things. What I would like very much to have done with your three volumes of the Woodhull and Claflin's Weekly is to place them in the collection that we have at the Congressional Library. There is a small collection placed there by Miss Anthony's executors. Clara Colby's paper, bound, and some other things of her collection are there and perhaps you will remember this odd story: Ida Harper spent a winter in Washington and stayed at some boarding house or hotel. At her table there was a man with whom she became acquainted. He was a specialist on clippings and, as that was something that interested Mrs. Harper, they talked all winter about clippings. After a while, he died and left all his clippings to Mrs. Harper, together with a small sum of money which he asked her to use for the purpose of sorting and classifying the clippings and placing them in the library there. He had been making this collection ever since the Civil War. Ida spent, I think, two winters there in the basement of the capitol sorting and working over those clippings. Of course, there was a great deal that was interesting about women and that, you may be sure, she did not neglect. I had quite a library of feminist books, but mine were all books that I had bought myself or that had been given to me in my lifetime and not many of them were old books. I did not think them very valuable and thought they might go to the League of Women Voters. But, I soon discovered that that organization could not afford to pay rent for as big an office as they needed and would have no place for a library. So, as you will remember, I began to beg from others who had older books than mine, in order to push the library further back in date and thus be more representative of the whole movement. I secured a good many old books from you and from other quarters. We applied for a place to put them in Miss Alice Stone Blackwell -2- January 15, 1945 the Congressional Library and it was granted. They were finally placed and there were a thousand volumes. I did not pay for many, but a few. There were some books that I would have liked to have for the collection, but I could not find them. Since these books were placed, I have accumulated a few more and, upon one occassion, I took some additional books to this library and invited some of the suffragists who were in Washington at the time to go with me to see our library in its actual placement. I talked with the woman at the head of the rare books division and told her that there was a book I had just learned about and which I had never seen or heard of before. It was the first book on women's rights to be written and published in this country. She called a boy and, pretty soon, that book was placed in my hands. Instead of going with the rest of the party I had invited to see the rare books division, I excused myself and sat down in a corner and read that book. I think it was published sometime in the latter years of 1600. I have been urging and it would have been with good effect, if we were not spending our time and energy on a war, that we have a catalogue made of the books on the woman question that are in the Congressional Library. Then that should be distributed to such institutions as Radcliffe which have a small collection, asking them to keep that catalogue in their collection, so that, if, in the future, there shall be women or men who wish to learn some of the facts concerning the woman movement, they will be able to discover the sources where material may be found. Naturally, the Congressional Library would be the one to build up the biggest and best collection. The Woodhull and Claflin episode took place before my time, but I think it had a very decided influence upon the movement. I was alive and old enough to read the newspapers when the Beecher scandal horrified the world and I know some things about it that were not known then. When I came to live in Brooklyn, some very nice women there were trying to organize [the] a suffrage club whose whole aim was to restore the sentiment in Brooklyn to the place it had occupied before that scandal had broken it. Therefore, I think, as you do, that the Woodhull and Claflin papers would have some value to those who might live in the future. I have this idea, but, by thinking about it a little, you may have a better one: Suppose you write a short account of the coming and going of these women and what they did and what its effect was (without telling too much) and paste it into the cover of the books. Then, if you are willing, I will get these placed with our other books in Washington. When they speak of that library, they speak of it as my library, but I have done my best to get it changed so that it will be the National American Woman Suffrage Library and then we can all contribute to it and there would be the natural place for people to go and to search for the secrets of the movement. They have built on a large addition to the Congressional Library and I believe it contains seventy special rooms for researchers. These rooms are not very large but they are very comfortable. Each one is provided with a desk and a chair and there a person can go and study all day and many days and be waited on by the clerks, who will bring him the books he wants. No other place in the United States Miss Alice Stone Blackwell -3- January 15, 1945 is so well planned for study and work. Now, if you are willing to do this, I ask as a special favor that those books be sent to me here at my home, ready for the library, and I will pay the charge of packing and express. I will keep them long enough to look them over and see what they really are. I have never seen but one copy of that paper and I should like to know what they really contain. Then, I will take up the necessary correspondence and see that they are accepted in Washington and sent them on there without any further expense. If you want to sell them and are not inclined to give them away, let me know what you would charge for them. The explanation of your having these books, I think is an easy one. Newspapers are always being given books and many a newspaper has an annual auction sale of those they have been given in any one year. Unquestionably that is the way they came into your library and you have found them there. Harriett Upton says that she is arranging to enter an old ladies' home in Pasadena. There is no vacancy just now, but one will come and when it does she thinks it will be a challenge to her to take the vacant place. I think she will live to be a hundred and I think you will go next and that I will go first of us three who, together, served on the Board so many years. Lovingly yours, Carrie Chapman Catt Miss Alice Stone Blackwell 1010 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge 38, Massachusetts P.S. if you hesitate to announce over your own name that you are the giver of these books, I will write a statement, send it to you for criticism and if you approve it, I will paste that in the books after yours, so that it will be clear that we both have agreed that the books should be preserved for the benefit of those who wish to learn everything possible about influences stirred by the woman movement. Over if you have never read '"My friend Fricka" and "Thunderhead" get your woman to read them to you They are stories (two books) written by a woman and very interesting of two stallions that had a herd of mares and many foals. In these cases the system did not have much to commend it. They are worthwhile. Blessings one you dear Alice. I think the Pioneers, your parents and the Anthony-Stanton combination would be very satisfied with the way their girls are taking care of the left overs. Alda Wilson read the two books above mentioned tome so your reader could read them to you and also this letter. Greetings to her. Lovingly C. C. C COPY. (Undated letter from Mrs. Catt to Alice Stone Blackwell. Original in Blackwell papers in the Library of Congress.) Miss Alice Stone Blackwell, 3 Monadnock St., Boston 25, Massachusetts. My dear Miss Blackwell: I have received from Mrs. Tilton a copy of her "Save America". She asked that it be reviewed for The Woman Citizen, but I have not time to do it before I go. She suggests that I ask you to do it. Will you not do this and make it as brief as possible as there is not much space in that little paper for book reviews. As a matter of fact, I do not think we disagree about Mussolini at all. What we do not agree about is how the Italian people regard him. That there would be a minority of outspoken persons who would oppose him, there is little doubt; but those who do not like him at all like Giolitti, nevertheless think he is called to do what he is doing and think he is a sort of savior of Italy. I can explain why Brazil and Peru feel friendly. Peru had a war with Chile in 1884. It is a tag end of that war that was being arbitrated by Mr. Harding. James Blaine was Secretary of State at the time. The Chileans sacked Lima and carried off the entire library of the University and the silver and gold covering the pillars in Pizaro's Cathedral, etc., etc. Peru hates Chile in consequence. Chile demanded indemnity from Peru, but Mr. Blaine butted in and insisted that Chile should pay reparations to Peru. I could find in no history while I was in South American just why he did this. I imagine it was to pay back the loss of the library, some paintings, etc., which the Chileans took. At any rate, the Peruvians have considered that the United States has been on their side ever since and the Chileans are as suspicious of us as the Peruvians are friendly. Brazil is a very large country. It is either a tiny bit bigger or a tiny bit smaller than the United States and it was occupied by Portuguese, whereas the rest of South America is occupied by the Spanish. The Spanish and the Portuguese are so nearly related that they hate each other cordially and consequently Brazil is friendly to the United States. It is true that the Argentine is disturbed about the army and navy commission in Brazil, but I think in this case, they have no cause for their emotions. All the countries in South American have called commissions to organize their army and navy, but they always got them from Europe, France, Germany and England being the favorites. Peru asked for a naval commission from the United States and got it. Now, when this is done the Navy appoints a commission and gives the persons so appointed a leave of absence. The country taking them pays their expenses and salary, so the United States or whatever country provide the commission neither directs the organization or pays for it. When, however, the naval commission went to Peru, the Chileans began to get suspicious because the United States had seemingly been friendly to Peru. After this commission A.S. Blackwell from C.C. Catt - page 2. Undated letter had been in Peru sometime, Brazil asked the United States for a similar commission and got it. Now, Argentina has herself had a commission from France and found no fault when commissions came to their countries from Europe. They are only suspicious of the United States on general principles and regard this as an additional unfriendliness which it really is not. I know Guy Inman and his books and they are good. He is regarded as rather disloyal in Washington and that is a compliment. I do not take The Crisis. There are not minutes enough in my hours to do the things I am trying to do and I have not as yet given myself the task of knowing which way we are going in regard to the negro question. My visit to South America gave me many new lights upon that subject and I regard it as one of the most serious of all problems. I know it is [a] common with certain classes of people to say that the causes of most wars are economic, but I do not find agreement with that claim. There are economic causes of war; there are political causes of war; there are psychological causes of war and all three of these are combined together and put in operation by the big iniquitous system of eternal preparation. When I advised you not to whale your country, it was because I feel just as keenly as you do about the mistakes and blunders of this country, but I have discovered there are some on the other side. Tell Mrs. Ida Porter Boyer for me that it is with great humiliation that I must confess that I am not going to Mexico after all and the story, perhaps, throws light on the Latin side of International questions. I had an affectionate, cordial invitation to come to Mexico. After July 1st I received no letters from my correspondents who are the auxiliary of the new Pan-American Association. I began to suspect [an] that there was something queer in this fact and I finally wrote to an American university girl and begged of her to go to the officers of this association and to inquire why my letters had not been answered. She had a frank and long talk with them and finally has written me that the Mexicans are so resentful because the United States imposed it s will upon them in the recent "peace", heralded as a great step in advance throughout this country, that they did not feel the time to be auspicious for me to come. If one group of these women should give me attention as they would expect to give it, they would be discredited by other groups and called "pro-American". This, at the moment, is as great an offense as it was here during the war to be "pro-German". Now, the Latin way was not to come to me with the frank confession of this state of mind, but they thought by not answering my letters, I would take the hint and find an excuse for not coming; that is, I would explain that I was ill or somebody else was, so I could not come - then they would be overwhelmed with disappointment and everybody would live happily thereafter. As it is, I have heard nothing direct from them yet, but I am not going and I am not going to make up a story. A.S. Blackwell from C.C. Catt, page 3. Tell Mrs. Boyer I give her the privilege of leading the way to Mexico. It is an interesting old world and I should like to remain a good, long time to see how things turn out. I am going on a lecture tour and my subjects are "Peace or War" - Wha t Shall we do about it?" and the other, "Friends or Foes". I am scared to death at the prospect and do not know how I will come out. I amnot going under anybody's auspices. I am just going to find out what people are thinking. Lovingly yours, (signed) CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT COPY CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 Paine Avenue New Rochelle, N.Y. April 11, 1945. My dear Alice: Here is your semi-annual annuity check, in the amount of $36.74. Up to this date, Mary Peck and I have been doing a good deal of reading in the big bound volumes of the former newspaper of Woodhull and Claflin. We conclude from what we have read that these books and papers are a godsend to the complete story of our campaign. If we leave out of our thinking the suppositions we have carried with us, and only adhere to what we can get out of these papers, we conclude that they are invaluable. There will not be many people who will want to write a thoroughly studied story of the woman movement, but, if there should be any, these books should be included in the study. No story of a movement can confine itself to one generation and tell the whole truth of it. I told you that I would pay the expense of packing and sending the books to me here and you have not sent me the bill yet. Please do so, and I will pay it and will send the books on to the Congressional Library. I have not yet applied for their admission, but I will do so. Mary and I agreed that we would write a brief comment on the books, their nature, and possible uses, and paste it on the covers. This terrible war, the very biggest, most destructive and wicked of all that have been waged in three thousand years, is about to close. Those who have observed it with a good deal of care realize that what comes next may be as heartbreaking as the war has been. Millions of people are going to hate each other with a vigor hitherto unknown and hate makes people plan and do things that ought never to be done. We may come into a charitable period where men will strive to build the world up again because they are inspired by love and the urgent need of evolution, but they may be inspired by fear of what would happen [to ?] if they did not do these things to help others. I am sure it will be a chaotic period in a way, and, looking backward, it may be that the period between the Civil War and the final granting of the vote to women will appear to be the most progressive [??] the world had known up to this time, and somebody will want to know how it could have happened. Perhaps someone will have the good sense to say that some great causes arose in the early part of the last century: antislavery, temperance, labor, anti-war, and the woman question. Anti-slavery won by means of war and a tremendously disturbing peace followed, not yet brought to an end. The labor movement, the temperance movement, and the woman movement moved to an end (though not a permanent one) without the loss of a life and without the use of force. Their weapons were reason and persuasion That was the reason it was peaceful and that was the reason why, when they won, there was no after effect. Then, people willlook back at those remarkable books in the Congressional Library and be astonished that great causes had been won at that time without bloodshed. So, these books will some day be read by men and women now unborn, who will draw conclusions that we never knew we were helping to produce. Very lovingly yours, (signed) Carrie Chapman Catt To miss Alice Stone Blackwell April 11, 1945 My dear Alice: Here is your semi-annual annuity check, in the amount of $36.74. Up to this date, Mary Peck and I have been doing a good deal of reading in the big bound volumes of the former newspaper of Woodhull and Claflin. We conclude from what we have read that these books and papers are a godsend to the complete story of our campaign. If we leave out of our thinking the suppositions we have carried with us, and only adhere to what we can get out of these papers, we conclude that they are invaluable. There will not be many people who will want to write a thoroughly studied story of the woman movement, but, if there should be any, these books should be included in the study. No story of a movement can confine itself to one generation and tell the whole truth of it. I told you that I would pay the expense of a packing and sending the books to me here and you have not sent me the bill yet. Please do so, and I will pay it and will send the books on to the Congressional Library. I have not yet applied for their admission but will do so. Mary and I agreed that we would write a brief comment on the books, their nature, and possible uses, and paste it on the covers. This terrible war, the very biggest, most destructive and wicked of all that have been waged in three thousand years, is about to close. Those who have observed it with a good deal of care realize that what comes next may be as heartbreaking as the war has been. Millions of people are going to hate each other with a vigor hitherto unknown and hate makes people plan and do things that ought never to be done. We may come into a charitable period where men will strive to build the world up again because they are inspired by love and the urgent need of evolution, but they may be inspired by fear of what would happen if they did not do these things to help others. I am sure it will be a chaotic period in a way, and, looking backward, it may be that the period between the Civil War and the final granting of the vote to women will appear to be the most progressive the world had known up to this time, and somebody will want to know how it could have happened. Perhaps someone will have the good sense to say that some great causes arose in the early part of the last century; anti-slavery, temperance, labor, anti-war, and the woman question. Anti-slavery won by means of a war and a tremendously disturbing peace followed, not yet brought to an end. The labor movement, the temperance movement, and the woman movement moved to an end (though not a permanent one) without the loss of a life and without the use of force. Their weapons were reason and persuasion. That was the reason it was Miss Alice Stone Blackwell peaceful and that was the reason why, [ ] was no after effect. Then people will look [ ] remarkable books in the Congressional Library and [ ] [ ished] that great causes had been won at that time [ ] bloodshed. So, these books will some day be read by [ ] and women now born, who will dray conclusions that we knew we were helping to produce. Very lovingly yours, Carrie Chapman Miss Alice Stone Blackwell 1010 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts COPY CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 Paine Avenue New Rochelle, N. Y. April 11, 1945. My dear Alice: Here is your semi-annual check, in the amount of $36.74. Up to this date, Mary Peck and have been doing a good deal of reading in the big bound volumes of the former newspaper of Woodhull and Claflin. We conclude from what we have read that these books and papers are a godsend to the complete story of our campaign. If we leave out of our thinking the suppositions we have carried with us, and only adhere to what we can get out of these papers, we conclude that they are invaluable. There will not be many people who will want to write a thoroughly studied story of the woman movement, but, if there should be any, these books should be included in the study. No story of a movement can confine itself to one generation and tell the whole truth of it. I told you that I would pay the expense of packing and sending the books to me here and you have not sent me the bill yet. Please do so, and I will pay it and will send the books on to the Congressional Library. I have not yet applied for their admission, but I will do so. Mary and I agreed that we would write a brief comment on the books, their nature, and possible uses, and paste it on the covers. This terrible war, the very biggest, most destructive and wicked of all that have been waged in three thousand years, is about to close. Those who have observed it with a good deal of care realize that what comes next may be as heartbreaking as the war has been. Millions of people are going to hate each other with a vigor hitherto unknown and hate makes people plan and do things that ought never to be done. We may come into a charitable period where men will strive to build the world up again because they are inspired by love and the urgent need of evolution, but they may be inspired by fear of what would happen if they did not do these things to help others. I am sure it will be a chaotic period in a way, and, looking backward, it may be that the period between the Civil War and the final granting of the vote to women will appear to be the most progressive the world had known up to this time, and somebody will want to know how it could have happened. Perhaps someone will have the good sense to say that some great causes arose in the early part of the last century: antislavery, temperance, labor, anti-war, and the woman question. Anti-slavery won by means of war and a tremendously disturbing peace followed, not yet brought to an end. The labor movement, the temperance movement, and the woman movement moved to an end (though not a permanent one) without the loss of a life and without the use of force. Their weapons were reason and persuasion. That was the reason it was peaceful and that was the reason why, when they won, there was no after effect. Then, people will look back at those remarkable books in the Congressional Library and be astonished that great causes had been won at that time without bloodshed. So, these books will some day be read by men and women now unborn, who will draw conclusions that we never knew we were helping to produce. Very lovingly yours, To: Miss Alice Stone Blackwell (signed) Carrie Chapman Catt 120 Paine Avenue New Rochelle, New York May 4, 1945 My dear Alice: Mrs. Raymond Brown, Chairman in New York for the Alice Stone Blackwell Fund, called a meeting, ten years ago, at the City Club, to make plans. I was asked to write a little account about you and read it to that private gathering. No other use was made of what I had prepared. Just at present, I am doing a pretty fair days' work every day in the week. Incidentally, I am going over papers in the attic. There are valuable clippings which are very interesting to review and all the bits of lectures, speeches, articles, etc., that got saved out of the accumulation of fifty-seven years' work in woman suffrage and peace. We are making some progress, but whether I shall see the end of it remains yet to be seen. Yesterday, I found a copy of the letter which I had read at the Women's City Club so long ago. There were extra copies of it, so I suppose we sent it to some other places, but whether you got one at the time, I doubt. I thought it might amuse you a little if someone read it to you. The type is rather pale, but someone with good eyesight would have no trouble to read it. It is all about you, so I enclose it herewith. Do not acknowledge it and put it in the waste basket when it is read to you and never mind if you find things Miss Alice Stone Blackwell -2- May 4, 1945 in it that are not quite right according to your memory. You were a great girl and a great woman and that is enough for the rest of us to know. Lovingly, Carrie Chapman Catt Miss Alice Stone Blackwell 1010 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts Do not acknowledge This manuscript was read by Carrie Chapman Catt at a private luncheon of suffragists called by Mrs. Raymond Brown, Chairman of the Alice Stone Blackwell Fund, in New York, May 1, 1935, at the Women's City Club. It is not designed for public use. Forty-five years ago I attended my first National Suffrage Convention. It was in February, 1890, and was a momentous occasion. Twenty years before, two national Suffrage Associations had been recovered from the wreck of previous organizations, caused by divisions over the 14th and 15th amendments. The American Woman Suffrage Association was led by Lucy Stone, assisted by her husband, Henry C. Blackwell, Mrs. Julia Ward Howe, Mary A. Livermore, and many others. The National Woman Suffrage Association was led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, assisted by May Wright Sewell, Margaret Campbell, and many others. When those organizations were formed in the close of 1869 and the beginning of 1870, Alice Stone Blackwell was thirteen years of age. Shortly afterwards The Woman's Journal was founded with Lucy Stone as editor. As soon as Alice was graduated from Boston University, she was expected to help her mother edit the paper. About that time she shocked that mother by telling her that she hated woman suffrage and didn't believe in it anyway. She announced that she had heard there was to be a meeting in opposition and that she proposed to go and probably to join the new movement. You can imagine how her mother felt. She did not scold nor plead for she believed in free thought. Alice went. In the many speeches, she heard the other side for the first time and with each new claim she said to herself: "That isn't so!", "Why, what a fib!", "That's a lie!" etc. With eyes flashing and cheeks burning, she hurried home, took off her hat and took up her pen, and for more than forty years, she only laid it down when she went to bed. She was the most logical, winsome, and comprehensive writer for woman suffrage any nation has had. In 1889 she was thirty-two and, in Boston, that was very young. She teased, tormented, and ridiculed the suffragists for trying to fight so difficult a battle in two groups and under two generals who did not trust each other. In February, 1890, the convention met which united the two groups and it was that convention that I attended. Both sides agreed that the merger was brought about by Alice Stone Blackwell. Many a delegate came with more curiosity to see the young woman who had performed the miracle than for any other purpose. I did not then realize how great a feat that union into the National American Woman Suffrage Association was, but now I firmly believe that is was the greatest achievement of those early days. In 1893 Lucy Stone died and Alice became the Editor-in-Chief of The Woman's Journal. Her father continued to be its Manager, but, in time, he died, and the entire burden of the paper fell upon her shoulders. In 1916 we held a suffrage convention in Connecticut with the Republican presidential election. There we marched in the rain and had a hearing before the platform Committee. One day a great crowd had gathered on our platform at the close of a session and a woman, pushing her arm through the crowd, pulled my sleeve. Said she: "I want to tell you that Alice Stone Blackwell is impoverishing herself publishing the Journal and wearing herself out editing it. Please, please do something about it!" I could not remember, afterwards, who the woman was, but I wrote Alice and, eventually, the Leslie Commission bought The Woman's Journal. We moved it to New York and Mrs. Raymond Brown became its New York manager. The price paid was a good one, but it only equalled the debts that were owing, chiefly to the printer. For forty-six years the Blackwells issued the Journal every week. Alice began as soon as she was old enough. Think of going to an office every day except Sunday and working hard for forty years to get a paper out every week - 2,080 weeks of suffrage argument, news, facts, and appeals! I call that martyrdom 2 But during that time Alice was Recording Secretary of the National American Woman Suffrage Association for twenty years! I saw her elected in 1890 and served on the Board with her from 1895 to 1905. She served there five years before I came and five years after I had left the Board. After every Convention she edited and published the printed reports. During all the forty years of her work on the Journal, she sent letters to a string of newspapers whenever there was important news or corrections to be made. Her New York paper was The Times. As the National Association was too poor to print much literature in the early days, Alice issued tracts and leaflets and for many of those years this was the chief source of literature for distribution throughout the nation. No suffrage hearing in New England was considered complete without the presence of Miss Blackwell for rebuttal. She was logical always, never forgot a fact, and wove her responses together with pleasant humor, often rising to genuine wit. The antis hated but admired her. I find myself unable to place a value on the services of Miss Blackwell to the woman suffrage movement. They were inestimable and were such things measured in terms of indebtedness, women would not be able, in a thousand years, to pay for them. The wonder of that woman is, perhaps, more strangely shown in her avocation than in her journalism. This has been poetry. She has published several books of poems translated from another language and set in English verse. Always, these came from people striving for freedom and trying to rise. Armenian, Jewish, Russian, and Spanish poetry have been her chief hobbies. One Spanish book has the poem in Spanish on one page and in English on the opposite page. This has been used as a text book in many South American schools. She has written and published a life of Catherine Breshkofsky, the Russian leader of freedom in Czarist days, and of her mother, Lucy Stone. So Miss Blackwell, great, unselfish soul, has lived. She was born on September 24, 1857 and will be seventy-eight this year. Her father was the brother of Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell who were the first graduated women physicians. It was they who founded the Women's Infirmary in New York. Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell adopted a daughter who was a great favorite of Alice in the long ago. It seems she was especially fond of children and they of her. She was called the "Pied Piper of Hamilton Town". Now this cousin is a dependent upon Alice. She is eighty-six years old, almost totally blind, very deaf, and others say she is now feeble-minded. She had a small income when she came, - enough for her simple needs. Alice placed all her investments and those of her cousin in the hands of a friend who was reputed to be an excellent business man. He collected the money of these two elderly women, nearly eighty-six and seventy-eight, and made away with it. A committee of lawyers and business men have had an investigation and report that there is no recovery. The man has confessed his sins, but that does not help. This is a predicament, indeed, for two old women and a terrible inflection for an ungrateful world to visit upon to reformers. Maud Wood Park came to my house a few days ago and told me this story. A Committee in Boston has been formed with Dr. Ada Comstock, president of Radcliffe College, as Chairman, and Mr. La Rue Brown as Treasurer. They agreed to try to raise $10,000 and to invest it in an annuity. They agreed, further, to raise, or try to raise, half of it with the help of the New England States. They assigned $2,500 to be raised by New York and Pennsylvania and $2,500 by the rest of the country. My answer to Mrs. Park was that I, personally, was exhausted physically, mentally, and financially, but that if the money could be 3 raised at all, Mrs. Raymond Brown of New York and Mrs, Frank Miles Day of Philadelphia, could lead the movement to that achievement. We New Yorkers are here at her call. CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 PAINE AVENUE NEW ROCHELLE NEW YORK July 25, 1945 My dear Alice: When the campaign for the Federal Amendment came to an end, we have about a ton (more or less) of photographs which had accumulated during the seventy-two years of campaigning. They were in charge of the Research Department and the first thing we did toward lessening our Headquarters was to clear out one-half of one of the two floors we had occupied in a business building, The space eliminated included the office of the Research Department, but we kept the photographs. They travelled from place to place, as we did, until we finally gave up the last room and closed the National Suffrage Association's offices. Then I had them brought up to the house and put in the attic. Some months ago, in the middle of the night when I was sleepless, I thought about all the accumulation in the attic that someone would have to clear out when I passed on and I determined that I would live until all those jobs were done. We (Alda, Mary Peck and I) began with the photographs. We have framed all the good pictures of pioneers and quite a number of those who took part in the final campaign. There are many, of course, who served long and well and whose photographs are not there and they have passed on. Nevertheless, it is going to make quite a story. Among the photographs we found some packages of new, shiny, ones which were intended for press work and they were of people who might be called upon for some extensive press comment. We have, in some cases, sent these pictures to the owner. Sometimes, we have destroyed them, because there is nobody left to claim them. There are a few good photographs of you, really good ones, and one delightfully young picture of your mother that ought to be worth about a million dollars! You probably have some like it, but, if you have not, I hope you are able to see enough to see how beautiful it is. I am sending these to you. Yours are good enough to give away to persons who want your photograph and you can make use of them all, I am sure. Lovingly, Carrie Chapman Catt Miss Alice Stone Blackwell 1010 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 PAINE AVENUE NEW ROCHELLE NEW YORK September 10, 1945 My dear Alice: Enclosed, you will find your semi-annual check in the amount of $36.74. On September 14, you are going to be eighty-eight, I think, so I will write my congratulations now. I have just come back from the dentist. I have only a small and inferior number of teeth, but something had to be done to them. On my way home, I wished that I could have been born a thousand years from now, for, when that time comes, I am sure there will be no war and there will be no teeth and, if those things do not exist, to trouble us, I see no reason why we should not have a very good time! In my lifetime, I have endured eight wars in which our country was on one side and another war where we were not in it at all but where I paid a visit afterwards and suffered just as much as though I had been part of it. So, that makes nine wars and I say that that was at least seven too many. Three of my wars were Indian wars and, in Boston, you would not know much about them. But, we were near them; near enough to be scared. How lovely it will be to belong to a generation that has no war, and that will come some time perhaps a thousand years off and how very grand it will be to live on soft food and have no teeth to bother one! I never had had time to think of that before. I have a brother, three years older than I and I have told him that every time he writes me I want him to tell me how his health is. He has told me that he is getting blind and deaf, so, every time he writes, he tells me how blind he is and how deaf he is but he still can write a letter that I am able to read and his general health, he says, is very good. So, if you have pretty good general health and are only blind and deaf, I see no reason why you should not find something interesting to do. Radios are pretty good things but perhaps we need to invent something specially for old ladies who, like us, are deaf and blind. I hope you will live to be a hundred. Our pictures are finished and, as yet, we are not sure of a place for them. But, I have your father and your mother and you in a nice little triangle with the pictures about the same size and I was very glad to have that combination. You have been a wonderful woman and you have lived a very, very, long life and every day of your life has been a help to the world. In fact, I know of no woman more wonderful than you have been. The other day I had a letter from the Chinese Relief asking me to buy some Chinese Christmas cards. I did not need those cards, 2 Miss Alice Stone Blackwell September 10, 1945 but I thought somebody else might. So now I am sending you a packet of them as a birthday card. The small price helped the Chinese Relief and you can send twelve cards to as many friends without having the trouble of purchasing them. Blessings on you, dear Alice. Lovingly yours, Carrie Chapman Catt Miss Alice Stone Blackwell 1010 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts Carrie Chapman Catt 120 Paine Avenue New Rochelle New York November 21, 1945 My dear Alice: Tomorrow is Thanksgiving. Fifty-one years ago in February I was elected to the National Suffrage Board, and you were there already. That Board worked together so many years that I became attracted to all the members, and now I am writing to say you and I are the only ones left. One by one they have passed on. I am glad the cause we all worked for so many years has been won, and I was very sorry to have Mrs. Upton go. She always wrote me a letter every once in a while complaining she had not had a letter from me. She always had something jolly to say, and I will miss her very much. She always talked about you and wondered how you were, and now I have heard from Mrs. Stantial and Mrs. Park[s] that they have seen you lately and that you were looking fine. I am very glad to know that, and I hope you will last a long, long time and find pleasure in the living. I would like to have better eyes with which to see, better ears with which to hear, and better legs with which to walk, but I would rather be here than any other place I have ever been. I am writing, Alice, to wish you well, and I hope you will have a happy holiday season. Blessings on you. Lovingly, Carrie Chapman Catt Carrie Chapman Catt 120 Paine Avenue New Rochelle New York December 14, 1945. Dear Alice: Miss Peck brought me the enclosed clipping and said that she used to know this woman when she was young. It is a wonderful story of a woman who is blind, and what she has done. I wanted to send it to you, and here it is. Your reader will present it to you. No acknowldgement is necessary. Lovingly, Carrie Chapman Catt Baking by Touch Proves Boon To Woman Who Has Lost Sight By Self-Devised Methods, She Turns Out Array of Pastries; Christmas Sale for Blind Opens Today With Variety of Handicraft Items By Clementine Paddleford The annual Christmas sale for the blind is opening today at 1 East Forty-fourth Street, where hundreds of craft items will be on display—knitted, crocheted, hand-loomed, hand-painted, hand-carved, hand-hammered; but what we urge you to look for is an eight-inch bar of molasses spicecake. hand-made by Edna Hall Gelder. This little brown bar is more that mere cake. It stands as a symbol of a blind woman's courage. In the village of Stanley, N. Y., is Mrs. Gelder's unique bakeshop where, by the sensitivity of touch, by self-devised timing and measuring methods she turns out pies, cakes, cookies, breads and rolls by the tens of dozens weekly. Mrs. Gelder was but twenty years when she suffered a serious illness, which resulted in loss of sight. In time she learned to do her own housework by touch. She could make butter, she helped her father run a roadside stand. Later the two started a little restaurant and the business prospered until the road was closed for repairs. Her father's illness followed, then that of her husband, and needing desperately to earn money the blind girl tried innumerable jobs. She was assistant in a restaurant kitchen; later she topped bulbs on a gladioli farm. She trimmed cabbage in a sauerkraut factory, but nothing worked out. She tried work on a farm, topping beets, but had to give up, as she would get lost in the fields. Through a series of unfortunate circumstances support of the family, including her two very young children, were Mrs. Gelder's responsibility. Things had reached the desperate stage, she was milking a neighbor's cow for 20 cents a day, when Rosalie Cohen, home teacher from the Commission for the Blind, came in to help. Miss Cohen on questioning Mrs. Gelder learned she had been baking since she was twelve. Why not try baking bread and cookies for sale in the town? The first baking Miss Cohen took into Geneva and sold by pushing door bells. So came the first customers. Now two deliveries are made weekly into Geneva, one to Seneca Castle. The products are delivered by car to the customer's door; also to the Women's Exchange. BUSINESS IN EARNEST — When Mrs. Gelder started this experiment her only equipment was an eighteen-year-old, three-burner oil stove, which would bake but five loaves of bread at one time. When her business undertaking showed promise of prospering, the commission replaced the oil stove with a modern electric. The bread had to be kneaded by hand and one entire night a week was to be given to this. To ease the job the commission lent the baker an electrical mixer. With these two pieces of mechanical equipment and her own willing hands, Mrs. Gelder is baking 120 loaves of bread weekly, twenty-four dozen rolls, fifty-give dozen fried cakes, ninety dozen cookies, sixty pies and a dozen or so special-order molasses spice cakes. Last year at the annual sale for the blind she sold 800 of these one-pound spice bars for $1 each. This year she is prepared to sell a thousand at least. The cake is loose textured, the crumb is that of an unrich molasses cake but of good spicy flavor. Being bar shaped it calls for thick slicing. The slices show a rich sprinkling of fruit peel, raisins and nuts. BAKING BY TOUCH — Mrs. Gelder's bakery is part of her home. The pantry and milk room of her farm house were remodeled for the baker, the walls painted buff, the woodwork left dark oak, the windows dressed in white dotted Swiss, and all so spotless, state inspectors of home bakeries gave the kitchen honorable mention last year. The work shelves Mrs. Gelder arranges herself, no one must touch them, so she knows exactly where to put her hands on each item. She uses standard measuring cup and spoon measures and tells with her fingers if the measure is full. She knows exactly by the feel how much dough to cut to fit a loaf pan. She knows when a tin holds the proper amount of cake batter by its heft in the hand. The filling for pies is measured into the crust by counting the spoonsful. By touch she determines the "doneness" of bread, pie and cake. In five years Mrs. Gelder's earnings have paid for the family car now used in making deliveries; she has paid long-standing debts, she has bought the needed equipment for her fast-growing business. Her ambition now is to buy a real truck and to buy back the old farm house that once belonged to her father. Doris Keane, Actress, Is Dead; 'Romance' Star Won Success in Long Runs in N.Y. and London, Was Married to Basil Sydney Doris Keane, actress, who achieved her greatest success playing the part of Mme. Cavallini in Edward Sheldon's play "Romance" thirty years ago in New York and London, died yesterday in Le Roy Sanitarium, 40 East Sixty-first Street. She entered the hospital a month ago for an operation. Miss Keane, sixty-three, had been living quietly at 45 East Sixty-first Street. Since her last stage appearance in 1929 she had passed much time in England. Her only survivor, a daughter, Mrs Ronda Doris Keane, as she appeared a number of years ago Frederick Libby, Clerk In City Felony Court Had Served for 25 Years in Magistrates' Courts Frederick E. Libby, fifty-seven, a clerk in the city Magistrates Courts for twenty-five years, died yesterday in Beekman Hospital, soon after he had collapsed in his office outside the Youth Term of Felony Court, 100 Centre Street. Mr. Libby lived at 984 Lenox Road, Brooklyn. A native of Waltham, Mass., Mr. Libby came to New York in 1913. He served as clerk for many years in Brooklyn courts and came to Manhattan Felony Court a month ago. Surviving are his wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Libby; two daughters, Mrs Elizabeth B. White and Mrs. Eugenia Marangi, and a son, Frederick E. Libby jr. General Patch Funeral Is Held at West Point Secretary Patterson and 13 Classmates Attend Service WEST POINT, N.Y., Nov. 25 (AP) -- A funeral service for Lieutenant General Alexander M. Patch jr., 4th Army commander, was held today at the old Cadet Chapel at the United States Military Academy. Chaplain John B. Walthour conducted the service. Burial was in the West Point Cemetery, with a firing squad and color guard from the infantry detachment at the academy participating. Robert P. Patterson, Secretary of War, General Jacob L. Devers, Commander of the Army ground forces, and thirteen of General Patch's classmates in the West Point class of 1913 attended the services. Among those who arrived today by plane from San Antonio, Tex., were the general's widow, Mrs. A. M. Patch jr., Captain and Mrs. C. M. Drummond, his son-in-law and daughter; Major General Joseph D. Patch, of Washington, his brother, and Mrs A. M. Patch 3d, widow of the general's son, who was killed in France last year. The ashes of the general were flown here yesterday from San Antonio, where he died Wednesday night of pneumonia. Active pallbearers at the funeral included six enlisted men who served under General Patch with the 7th Army in Europe and now are stationed at the academy. William H. Darrow Admiralty Lawyer Practiced in City for 44 Years William Henry Darrow, seventy- one, a New York city lawyer for forty-four years specailizing in admiralty law, with offices at 11 Broadway, died of a heart ailment Saturday night at his home, 541 Seventy-eighth Street, Brooklyn. Born in New Britain, Conn., Mr. Darrow was graduated from the Yale Law School in 1901 and began practice here. As president of the Borough Park Heights Civic Association he helped obtain extension of the subway lines in Brooklyn. Surviving are his wife, Catherine Cannon Darrow, and three sons, Lawrence, Samuel A. and Daniel A. Darrow. DR HERMAN LEHRMAN Special to the Herald Tribune UNION CITY, N. J., Nov. 25 - Dr. Herman Lehrman, sixty-six, of [?]324 Palisade Avenue, who retired last week after practicing dentistry for thirty-eight years in Union City, died Saturday of heart dis- CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 PAINE AVENUE NEW ROCHELLE NEW YORK January 15, 1946. My dear Alice: Thank you for your letter. I think people regard the reaching of an advanced age a great thing, because I never had so many congratulations on my birthday as this year, and many of the writers I had never seen or heard of before. There was one thing I wanted to tell you privately. When our Campaign for the vote ended there were three great daily newspapers in this country who stood up boldly and said they were not yet converted. They were the Los Angeles Times, the Baltimore Sun, and the New York Times, but on my birthday the New York Times used the fact that I was eighty-seven to write an editorial very repentant and heartening about Woman Suffrage, so I have not lived in vain. There might not have been another opportunity to tie up their repentance. The book "The Terrible Siren" I had when it first came out, and read it then. It went to Washington with the rest of my feminist library, so I do not want it. You might offer it to Maud to put in Radcliffe. My only brother will observe his ninetieth birthday in the middle of March, and I hope he will live long enough to do it. Mrs. Blankenburg had a public meeting on her ninetieth birthday and she made a speech. I do not expect to live to be ninety, but if I should I certainly could not make a speech. Mrs. Blankenburg spent most of her time when the rest of us were working twenty-four hours a day, lying down, for she was not able to work as we did, but that kept her going so that she could make a speech at ninety. If we had our lives to live over again, we would remember that. Many thanks for all you are and have been. Lovingly, Carrie Chapman Catt ----------------------------------------------- CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT 120 PAINE AVENUE NEW ROCHELLE NEW YORK March 22, 1946. My dear Alice Here comes your check which you get twice a year. It is not necessary for you to give me a receipt for it. That is a touble for you, but if I write you that I am sending a check and the check is not in the letter, then write me and we will see what we can do about it, but if it is there you need not acknowledge it. Yesterday, the first day of Spring my brother had his nineith birthday, and he is the sixth in the family who has reached ninety or more. Only one was a direct ancestor, however, but I was glad to have one in my family reach that old age. I do not think life is so interesting when you can neither see nor hear. I am able to read a bit, but very slowly. You can write poetry, and I want to say that much of it is very very good poetry. You are a wonderful person, and I am glad to have lvied in the world at the same time you did. You have meant much to me from the first moment I saw you, and that was in 1890 when the two associations met in their Union Convention in Washington. Blessings on you, dear Alice. Lovingly yours, Carrie Chapman Catt Carrie Chapman Catt 120 Paine Avenue New Rochelle New York March 10, 1947. Miss Alice Stone Blackwell 1010 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge, Mass. My dear Miss Blackwell: In looking through Mrs. Catt's mail delivered at her home this morning, I found the Easter card you sent to her headed by the Easter poem by you. It must have come as a surprise to you to hear of Mrs. Catt's unexpected death. You will be glad to know that she passed away peacefully, and that she was spared anticipating a long illness. She had a very happy day Saturday and went to bed as well as usual. The end came suddenly at 3:30 a.m. Sunday. She was gone before the doctor could get here. The funeral will be held at her home at two o'clock in the afternoon. Rev. Walter VanKirk will officiate. He was a co-worker with Mrs. Catt in the Cause and Cure of War for some years. There have been very good write-ups in the New York papers giving great space to Mrs. Catt's career. The New York Times this morning had an editorial [of] and two full columns devoted to her. There are of course very many tributes and expressions of sympathy coming over the wire from far and near. You, as one of Mrs. Catt's oldest friends, will miss her presence here particularly. Please accept my very best wishes for your health and renewed appreciation for your own long career as a crusader for peace and justice. With affectionate best wishes, Mary Gray Peck Transcribed and reviewed by volunteers participating in the By The People project at crowd.loc.gov.