NAWSA SUBJECT FILE Addams, Jane GUIDE TO THE SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION A MEMORIAL TO JANE ADDAMS "No Documents, No History" Fustel de Coulanges NOT COPYRIGHTED Anyone is welcome to use any part of this for quotation, abstraction, translation, or other purposes. SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN Peace Collection Publication No. 1 The Bulletin, of which this publication is Volume XLV, No. 4, is published by Swarthmore College, from College Office, Swarthmore, Pa. Entered as mail matter of the second class, in accordance with the provision of the Act of Congress on July 16, 1894. GUIDE TO THE SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION A MEMORIAL TO JANE ADDAMS Compiled by ELLEN STARR BRINTON, Curator HIRAM DOTY, Assistant Curator With the assistance of GLADYS HILL SWARTHMORE, PENNSYLVANIA 1947 Advisory Council John W. Nason, Chairman Devere Allen Frank Aydelotte Clement M. Biddle Merle Curti Emily Cooper Johnson Ray Newton Ernst Posner Charles B. Shaw Frederick B. Tolles E. Raymond Wilson Introduction No one has yet told the complete story of the the struggle against war. Even if all the materials were available for telling that story, it is too complex for any one scholar to tell in anything like a definitive way. Nevertheless extant materials, when finally gathered together, will enable scholars to give a picture of the remarkable efforts of those farseeing men and women who, regardless of consequences to to health, family politics, or finances, dared to voice a truth as they saw it. Without the work of these pioneers and tireless efforts of a long procession of the foes of war, peace consciousness could not possibly be as widespread as it is at the present time It is of course, true that we have just suffered the second World War in our time. However, the peace movement has survived that ordeal, weakened in some respects, stronger in others, Moreover, the views and pronouncements of the prophets of peace of centuries back may be seen in the building of the infant United Nations. In all this there is hope for the future. It should also encourage students of the present day and scholars of future generations to learn from the past. Unfortunately, peace leaders did not always command the respect of their contemporaries. At their death their controversial writings and papers were often discarded as of little importance. A few dreams of world peace from past centuries have, to be sure, come down to us largely because they were put into print and survived as "books." Such are the pronouncements of Erasmus of The Netherlands; Comenius of Czechoslovakia; William Penn of England; Kant of Germany; Maximilien Sully of France, St. Pierre , the Abbot, and many more. These men were individuals, largely working alone.Not until 1815 did any cooperation occur between peace- thinking persons in different countries. The gradual growth of mail routes and governmental post services was an encouragement for the distribution of printed tracts and leaflets. Personal views could thus spread beyond the narrow circle of correspondence and books. All that we know about these early peace groups comes from fragments that by chance have come down to us. A fascinating story could be written if there had been preserved the papers of the New York Peace Society, formed in 1815, and believed to have been the earlies group organized in the United States; the records of the peace Congresses of 1848-1853 held in Europe; and the various peace societies known to have been active in Poland, France and Italy in the 1860's and 1870's. Fragments of correspondence between these organizations and their leaders have survived but for the most part the records of their contacts 3 4 INTRODUCTION have been lost. We know that a great portion of the papers of Elihu Burritt were destroyed after his friend, Charles Northend, had completed the biography of the Learned Blacksmith in 1879. In more recent years we have other stories of destruction. The personal papers of Belva Lockwood, a little known but remarkable figure, who devoted a lifetime to constructive peace activities, went to the Salvation Army for old paper the day after her funeral. When Marguerite Gobat died in 1937 the great accumulation of materials in her home, dating back to the beginning of the work of her father, Dr. Albert Gobat of Berne, were destroyed. When Father Giesswein, of Budapest, died, his offices in the Church House were promptly cleared out; none of his papers were preserved for study or publication. All these records are now, of course, lost to history because no one cared and because there was no depository equipped to take care of them immediately. Fortunately the Swarthmore College Peace Collection has now provided a place where records of the peace movement of the world can be preserved. No doubt there are valuable personal papers which may still be rescued from family attics. Perhaps there are papers deposited in libraries and public buildings which cannot be handled properly under prevailing conditions. It is hoped that as the facilities of the Swarthmore College Peace Collection become better known more and more lost peace records will come to light and be made available for historical research. Current peace organizations in widely scattered communities should realize that they themselves are making history from day to day. They hold meetings, discuss policies, write letters, issue printed material. It is important that an orderly selection of the most important items be sent regularly to Swarthmore for preservation. Historians will be grateful for any records of anti-war activities of this period. Social scientists will be enabled to study from a rich collection of records some of the important factors in the process of social change and social control. Great credit should be given to the perseverance , the resourcefulness, the intelligence, and the statesmanship of Ellen Starr Brinton for carrying out the project from its very uncertain beginning. I have been in touch with her from almost the start. My own accumulations of books and pamphlets gathered together for the writing of The American Peace Crusade (1929), Peace or War: the American Struggle, 1636-1936 (1936), and The Learned Blacksmith (1937), long ago went to the Peace Collection at Swarthmore. It is a satisfaction to know that they are safely there, available for others to use. It is my earnest hope that others will be stimulated to preserve similar records and that as the years pass other Guides may be published showing the holdings of the SCPC in increasing fulness. MERLE CURTI TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION BY MERLE CURTI 3 FOREWORD BY ELLEN STARR BRINTON 7 DOCUMENT GROUPS 9 Major bodies of documents originating from organizations and individuals interested in the promotion of peace. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A 25 Documents of American organizations and individuals interested in the promotion of peace. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP B 45 Documents of organizations and individuals in other countries interested in the promotion of peace. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP C 59 Documents of miscellaneous organizations and individuals with interests closely related to the peace movement. SPECIAL COLLECTIONS 60 Attacks on the Peace Movement Books Cartoons Church and Religious Peace Material International Languages Miscellaneous Subject File Peace Plays Peace Posters Peace Seals, Stamps and Covers Periodicals West's Peace Treaty Painting and Its Derivatives Youth Peace Material INDEX 64 5 QUANTITIES It is impossible to specify the exact number of pieces in any archival collection. The SCPC estimates its holdings in feet and inches (12 in. = 1 ft., or 30 1/2 cm.) and measurements are based on the amount of shelf space occupied by the documents when arranged upright in the usual office manila folders. DATES The years given following the listed name denote the inclusive dates of the material on hand at the time of printing this Guide. Such a date may suggest the period of activity of the organization, but the reader must be guided by the descriptive paragraph and the quantity of papers available before assuming that the records are anything more than a fragmentary residue. ABBREVIATIONS When an organization is mentioned several times in a short passage, it is often abbreviated by using the initial letters, such as AFSC for American Friends Service Committee. In addition, the following abbreviations are used: CO's for conscientious objectors, SCPC for Swarthmore College Peace Collection, DG for Document Group. 6 Foreword A chance call on Jane Addams in Hull House, Chicago, just when she was burning personal papers in her fireplace, was the beginning of the Swarthmore College Peace Collection. A horrified witness, member of the Board of Managers of Swarthmore College, persuaded Miss Addams that such material really had historic value and offered hospitality and safekeeping in the building of the Friends Historical Library on the Swarthmore College campus, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania. The invitation was accepted and about 1930 Miss Addams forwarded personal correspondence and records of her peace activities, especially those about the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom of which she had been the international president from its founding in 1915. Included were some 500 books on peace, women's rights, and labor problems. Her death in 1935 interrupted Miss Addams' plans for "putting in order" these papers and others of like nature still in her possession. At Swarthmore, however, a loyal group of friends felt that the time was ripe to carry her ideas still further. Dr. Frank Aydelotte, then President of Swarthmore College, proposed that a world-wide peace collection be developed as a memorial to Miss Addams, saying in effect : "Let us gather here the records of peace activities from every country in every language. We will keep them for one hundred or five hundred years to come, so that future generations of research scholars may learn of the efforts that have been made over the centuries to create permanent peace. Sometime international war will be outlawed, perhaps not in our generation, or the next, but eventually. And then the efforts of peace workers will be of great historic importance." The proposal caught the interest of peace groups far and near and there started a flow of current periodicals, bulletins, new letters, leaflets, posters, reports in typescript, mimeographed and printed form. Recent destruction of peace papers by confiscation, fire and hazards of war, makes it regrettable that systematic efforts have not been made earlier to preserve more material for posterity. Perhaps the issuing of a Guide at this time is still premature. Much work of sorting and arrangement has yet to be done. Nevertheless, there are two strong reasons why publication should not be delayed. First, an enormous amount of valuable and important historic material is already available for the use of scholars and research students. Second, we want to fill out known gaps in files of periodicals and pamphlet series, of personal and organizational records. It is hoped that individuals and peace groups receiving this Guide will search office files, storerooms, and attics and inform us at the Swarthmore College Peace Collection of any material which should be permanently preserved here. 7 8 FOREWORD POLICIES AND AIMS The objective of the SCPC is to locate and preserve the records of the efforts of men and women who have labored over the centuries against hatred, violence and warfare between nations, races and groups. As far as known there were no formal peace organizations until after the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812 between the United States and England. Almost from the beginning of printing, however, pamphlets and books were issued against war and in praise of peace; the earliest examples in the SCPC date from 1642. It must be kept clearly in mind that this Guide describes merely the current holdings of the Swarthmore College Peace Collection. It does not attempt to exhibit the present status of the peace movement or to show the relative importance of one group over another. Nor is the relative emphasis given a person or a group necessarily to be taken as a measure of worth or importance. Our description is based largely on the quantity and type of material that has chanced to survive the vicissitudes of time. A list of peace groups that were once active and articulate, locally or nationally, but whose documents have now completely disappeared, would fill several volumes like this. For instance, one authority, The Peace Yearbook (London 1911), lists 167 groups in 28 countries. Many of these are not at present represented in the SCPC by even a single piece of literature. What happened to their records? minutes? printed matter? Is it possible that some items might still be discovered and brought forward for preservation and research? Since this Guide is the first attempt ever made to organize and describe any considerable body of peace records, it may be assumed that many errors have crept in, despite care of the staff. Sharp-eyed readers will perform a service by reporting such errors to the Peace Collection, in order that they may be eliminated in a revised edition. No attempt has been made to assemble in the SCPC any complete collection of papers of the following organizations: the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington, D. C.; the Institute of Politics, Williamstown, Massachusetts; World Peace Foundation, Boston, Massachusetts; the Geneva Research Bureau, Switzerland; the League of Nations; the United Nations; the International Labor Organization. Their publications are already available in the Library of Swarthmore College and are commonly found in large libraries elsewhere. ELLEN STARR BRINTON Document Groups Papers of organizations and individuals of which substantial quantities have been accessioned by the SCPC are established as separate document groups under the names of the organizations or individuals from whom they originated. DG 1 Jane Addams. 1900-1935, 61 ft. Correspondence, manuscripts, pamphlets, clippings, mostly assembled in connection with her writings and speeches on peace and her organizational work for the International Women's Committee for Permanent Peace, The Hague (1915-1919), of which she was chairman; and its successor, the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, of which she was president until her death in 1935. These papers and some 500 books on peace, labor, and social problems were sent ca. 1930 by Jane Addams to the Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College, in care of Mrs. Lucy Biddle Lewis, member of the Board of Managers of the College, and were the inspiration of and the foundation for the present Swarthmore College Peace Collection. Now included are records of memorial services for Jane Addams in various countries, a complete collection of the books written by her, and all known articles and speeches by her that have appeared in published form. DG 2 American Friends Service Committee AFSC General Records. 1917-1947, 9 ft. Numbered and unnumbered bulletins, serial publications, annual reports and other publicity material, and some scattered minutes. [Correspondence and other official records of the AFSC except those dealing with work with conscientious objectors during World War II, have, since 1929, been deposited in the Library of Haverford College.] AFSC Civilian Public Service. 1941-1946, 220 ft. Complete records of the committee which administered the Quaker share of Civilian Public Service during World War II; including administrative papers of the central office in Philadelphia (April 1941 to August 1946); records of 17 camps and 30-odd special service projects for conscientious objectors administered by Friends; and personnel and medical records of 3400 COs who were assigned to AFSC camps and projects. Medical and dependency records are sealed and can be used only with permission of the medical advisor and personnel secretary of the AFSC. See: National Service Board for Religious Objectors. 9 10 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION AFSC PRISON SERVICE COMMITTEE. 1943-1947, 5 ft. Complete records of the AFSC Prison Service Committee, whose first objective was service to imprisoned conscientious objectors. Included are minutes, reports of prison visits, case-files of prisoners given or seeking assistance, correspondence, financial records, and reference material. DG 3 AMERICAN PEACE SOCIETY 1828-1947, 9ft. 9in. Minutes (1916-1917), printed publications (1828-1947), and correspondence of William I. Hull with APS. Publications include annual reports, addresses, books, pamphlets, leaflets; and files of the periodicals, Harbinger of Peace (1828-1831), Calumet (1831-1835), American Advocate of Peace (1834-1836), Advocate of Peace (with title variations, 1837-1932), and World Affairs (1932-1947). Much additional material related to APS may be found in SCPC among the personal papers of individual leaders (e.g., William Ladd, Joshua Blanchard, Elihu Burritt, etc.) and among the papers of local peace groups that maintained some affiliation with APS. DG5 AMERICAN UNION AGAINST MILITARISM. 1915-1922, 1 1/2 ft. All known surviving records of the Union, including New York City and Philadelphia branches and the subsidiary Civil Liberties Bureau (which separated from AUAM to become the National Civil Liberties Bureau). Surviving records include minutes (1916-1922, incomplete), fragmentary records of financial pledges, canceled checks and vouchers (1921-1922), secretary's letters to the executive committee, form letters, press releases, financial statements, printed publications, and correspondence (in their capacities of officers and committee members) of Emily Greene Balch, Oswald Garrison Villard, James Warbasse, William I. Hull, and Mrs. J. Malcolm Forbes. The organization at times was known as Anti- Militarism Committee, Anti "Preparedness" Committee, Truth About Preparedness Committee, League for an American Peace, and American Union for a Democratic Peace. It opposed militarism as World War I drew on, defended conscientious objectors during the war, and opposed peacetime conscription after the war. DG 5 HANNAH J. BAILEY (MRS. MOSES BAILEY). 1887-1923, 3 ft. All known surviving papers and official records of the organizer and superintendent of the Department of Peace and Arbitration of the World, and National, Women's Christian Temperance Union. Hannah Bailey Document Groups 11 directed the work from her farm home at Winthrop Centre, Maine, until her death in 1923. Included are speeches, manuscripts, printed pamphlets, financial records, Christmas cards, convention badges, scrapbooks and miscellanea, pertaining to her activities for social causes, her travels abroad (in Europe, Asia and Africa), and her connection with the Society of Friends, of which she was a a concerned and influential member. Files are almost complete of two peace periodicals which she edited, Pacific Banner (1890-1895) and Acorn (1889-1901). DG 6 EMILY GREENE BALCH. 1914-1946, 6 ft. Correspondence, a travel journal, clippings, pamphlets, and other reference material; and typescript, mimeographed and printed articles and books by her on international questions and on policies of the Woman's Peace Party (U.S.), Women's Committee for Permanent Peace (The Hague), and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, in which she took an active part from its foundation in 1915. Letters are to and from Jane Addams, Hannah Clothier Hull, Dorothy Detzer, Anna Melissa Graves, Henry W. Longfellow Dana, Oswald Garrison Villard, Alice Thacher Post, Grace Abbott, Louis Lochner and many others, on problems of minorities , boundaries, postwar planning, world government, organization for peace, etc. DG 7 CENTRAL ORGANIZATION FOR A DURABLE PEACE. 1915-1918, 2 ft. (ORGANISATION CENTRALE POUR UNE PAIX DURABLE.) Preliminary publicity, printed speeches and summaries, by the Central Organization and by its national committees and members. Included are Rapports, 1916-1918, volumes 1-4. The Swiss committee was founded in August 1914. An international meeting was held at The Hague, April 1915, when thirty international jurists, statesmen, historians, pacifists, from ten European countries and the United States, met to discuss the basis of a durable peace. William I. Hull of Swarthmore College took an active part. DG8 CIVILIAN PUBLIC SERVICE UNION. 1944-1946, 3 ft. Correspondence, financial records, membership and contact lists, mimeographed publications and releases, and research data of this labor union for conscripted conscientious objectors during World War II. Representatives of eleven CPS units formally organized the Union in New York City, June 1944, and it grew until it included locals in virtually all of the camps operated by Friends, and the Government, and in some Brethren camps. [left page] 12 Swarthmore College Peace Collection DG 9 Committee on Militarism in Education. 1925-1940, 86 ft. Officials records of the Committee, deposited in the SCPC at the close of its activities (upon the adoption of peacetime military conscription by Congress in 1940). The records include minutes, reports, correspondence, financial papers, publications, reference material, miscellanea, and an extensive case-file of campaigns and incidents involving Reserve Officers Training Corps and other forms of military training in American schools. The Committee opposed militarism in all institutions dealing with youth and some of the material relates to New Deal agencies, such as the Civilian Conservation Corps. Roswell P. Barnes, John Nevin Sayre, Tucker P. Smith and Edwin Johnson were directors of the Committee's work. An index to the organization's records has been prepared and is available at SCPC. DG 10 Julien Cornell. 1940-1946, 2 ft. 1 in. Case files of conscientious objectors for whom Julien Cornell (New York City Quaker attorney) acted as legal counsel during World War II; correspondence involving CO cases before the courts; a collection of briefs submitted to the courts in such cases; and material gathered and used by Cornell in the preparation of cases and in writing his books, Conscience and the State and The Conscientious Objector and the Law. Since Cornell was counsel to the National Committee on Conscientious Objectors (q.v.) these papers are closely related to the NCCO records at SCPC. DG 11 Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Dana. 1914-1939, 2 ft. Printed leaflets, mimeographed releases, post cards and poster publicity, newspaper clippings from outstanding anti-war organizations active during World War I and postwar years. Of particular importance are papers of the People's Council (q.v.) showing its supporters and activities and a complete file of its Bulletin from v. 1, no. 1, August 1917, to v. 2, no. 8, August 1919. Included is scattered correspondence with Emily Greene Balch, Roger Baldwin, Robert Dunn, Walter Nelles, Louis P. Lochner, Norman Thomas, Rose Pastor Stokes, Lucia Ames Mead, Crystal Eastman, Robert Whitaker, Brent Dow Allison, and Bliss Perry. Also manuscript drafts of releases and publicity of various committees. Of special note are letters and messages from conscientious objectors written from county jails and federal penitentiaries. DG 12 Emergency Peace Campaign. 1935-1937, 107 ft. Complete official records of the Emergency Peace Campaign, deposited at Swarthmore at the close of its activities; including minutes, reports of [right page] Document Groups 13 field workers and peace caravans, correspondence, financial records, signed pledges of abstinence from war, publications, clippings material of several hundred local peace councils set up under EPC auspices, and files of five of the Campaign's twenty area office (Kansas City, New York City, Chicago, St. Louis, and Michigan). Headquarters of EPC were in the offices of American Friends Service Committee, but AFSC was only one of many peace organizations sponsoring this event to forestall World War II. It was a cooperative project involving most of the U. S. peace movement. Ray Newton was executive director. DG 13 Fellowship of Reconciliation. International Fellowship of Reconciliation. 1914-1947, 8 ft. Minutes, books, pamphlets, leaflets, mostly in English. Also reports of the various sections, and mimeographed copies (incomplete) of letter from Muriel Lester on her visits to Gandhi and FOR leaders in different countries. Printed matter is available from the time the FOR was organized in England in 1914 and from various international headquarters—Bilthoven, The Netherlands, 1919-1921; London, 1921-1929; Vienna, 1929-1933; Paris, 1933-1938; London, 1938-1947. National branches in many countries in Europe, North and South America, Japan and China, have issued literature, including bulletins in various formats and languages. The following periodicals are available: Newssheet, Christian Pacifist, Reconciliation, London, 1915-1947, complete; Reconciliation, published by the Canadian branch, 1945-1947, complete; Reconciliacion, 1945-1947, published in Uruguay by the South American committee, complete; Freds-Varden, published by the Danish branch, 1931-1947; Cahiers de la Reconciliation, Paris; New Zealand Christian Pacifist; and Fraternidad, published in Mexico, scattered issues only. Fellowship of Reconciliation. U.S. Branch. 1914-1947, 6 ft. Fairly complete file of books, pamphlets, leaflets, and periodicals; bound volumes of official minutes, 1915-1935; incomplete file of minutes, 1935-1947; membership lists showing names and addresses of members over the U.S. of various dates from November 24, 1915 to 1927. Included is a complete series of World Tomorrow, 1918-1934; a complete series of Fellowship, 1935-1947; complete files of Forerunner and Equality; and various Newsletters for members, published by city and state chapters. The SCPC has been named official depository of the Fellowship of Reconciliation, and all publications and non-current records are being deposited regularly. 14 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION DG 14 ROSE DABNEY MALCOM FORBES (MRS. J. MALCOM FORBES). 1914-1920, 4 ft. Papers accumulated during World War I and used by Mrs. Forbes in her work as writer, speaker, and president of the Massachusetts State Branch of the Woman's Peace Party, which, on March 6, 1918, voted to change its name to The League for Permanent Peace, with sub-title, Massachusetts Branch of the Section for the United States of the International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace. Mrs. Forbes sent the papers to Swarthmore, and they can be considered to constitute all known remaining records of both organizations. Included are reports of committee activities, press releases, poster, fliers, gummed stickers, card signs, enameled membership buttons, and her printed anti-war writings. A series of scrapbooks carries extensive clippings from Massachusetts papers telling of peace activities of various groups with which Mrs. Forbes was connected, including Massachusetts Peace Society (1911-1917). DG 15 ANNA MELISSA GRAVES. 1919-1947, 10 ft. Personal letters signed from hundreds of people in many countries. Correspondents include Henri Barbusse, Camille Drevet, Barthelemy de Ligt, Carlo Sforza, Gertrude Baer, Angelica Balabanoff, Victor Gollancz, B. W. Huebsch, Hans Kohn, Rosika Schwimmer, Henrietta Szold, Frank Tannenbaum, Bertram Wolfe, and Gabriela Mistral. The correspondence is diverse in subject, although all gives proof of frontierless friendship. A small portion of it has been published in four volumes, edited by Anna Melissa Graves: Benvenuto Cellini Had No Prejudice Against Bronze, Both Deeper Than and Above the Melee, But the Twain Do Meet, and The Far East Is Not Very Far. DG 16 WILLIAM I. HULL AND HANNAH CLOTHIER HULL. 1896-1939, 12 ft. Personal papers and writings of William I. Hull, including correspondence (1900-1939) ; his writings (usually on pacifist, Quaker, or temperance subjects) in manuscript, typescript and published form ; partial manuscripts, notes, and material gathered toward several projected books not completed at his death in 1939; heavily annotated books on peace ; reference material ; miscellaneous personal papers. For other William I. Hull material, consult index. Hanna Clothier Hull's correspondence (1916-1936) with Jane Addams, and fragments of her miscellaneous peace correspondence. More correspondence may be found in the records of Women's International League, of which she was for many years national president. Document Groups 15 DG 17 INFORMATIONSBYRAN MELLANFOLKLIGHT SAMARBETE FOR FRED. 1930-1947, 2 ft. (SWEDISH INFORMATION BUREAU ON PEACE QUESTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION.) Pamphlets and the monthly periodical Mellanfolkligt Samarbete, 1931- 1947, complete except for 4 issues. This organization was founded in 1929 and has often had annual subsidies from the Swedish Parliament. DG 18 INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF LEAGUE OF NATIONS ASSOCIATIONS. 1919-1934, 2 ft. (UNION INTERNATIONALE DES ASSOCIATIONS POUR LA SOCIÉTÉ DES NATIONS.) Pamphlets, annual reports, numbered bulletins, and periodicals mostly of the English branch of a group working successively for the League of Nations and then for the United Nations. National and local groups in different countries also were organized and issued printed matter ; the SCPC has examples from the United States, Canada, Argentine, Australia, Austria, Belgium (where the international headquarters were situated until transferred to Switzerland in 1934), France, Germany, Japan, New Zealand. Printer in English, Spanish, French, Japanese. DG 19 INTERNATIONAL PEACE BUREAU. 1899-1946, 5 ft. (BUREAU INTERNATIONALE DE LA PAIX.) Printed, mimeographed, and typescript material, much of it in French, but a few items, mostly financial appeals, in English ; among these is a personal report of IPB work and financial condition made by Gilbert MacMaster in 1927. The Bureau grew out of a Peace Congress (IV) held in Berne 1892 and its headquarters continued there until it moved to Geneva. It was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1910. Included are Reports of Peace Congresses, 1889 to 1939, totaling thirty-three of which nine are lacking. Annuaire available for 1903, 1905, 1910, 1913, 1924, 1929, 1931 ; Le Mouvement Pacifiste, a monthly periodical 1912-1940, incomplete ; and English edition, 1912-1914, five issues lacking. DG 20 MASSACHUSETTS PEACE SOCIETY. MASSACHUSETTS PEACE SOCIETY (I). 1816-1838, 23 pieces. Publications of the third peace society (in point of time) in the United States, including printed addresses, annual reports, circular letters and a membership roster. Practically all of this material (like the Society itself) relates pacifism closely to Christian doctrine. MASSACHUSETTS PEACE SOCIETY (II). 1911-1917, 5 ft. 4 in. Correspondence (1911-1916), minutes (1915-1917), and publications (1911-1917) of the Massachusetts Peace Society of the World War I 16 Swarthmore College Peace Collection period; and some pertinent correspondence (1915-1917) of Emily Greene Balch. Like the first MPS, this revival affiliated itself with American Peace Society, becoming a state branch. DG 21 Edwin D. Mead and Lucia Ames Mead, ca. 1880-1938, 11 ft. Personal papers, including correspondence, manuscript and printed writings and miscellanea of both; clippings and other material about both; journals (1884-1934) of Lucia Ames Mead; family scrapbooks; and subject files of the interests which they shared, especially pacifism and the improvement of racial relations. Correspondents include Carrie Chapman Catt, Frederick J. Libby, Vida D. Scudder, Caroline E. Playne, Edward E. Filene, Nicholas Murray Butler, Harry Elmer Barnes, Norman Angell, Newton D. Baker, Charles W. Eliot and Herbert Hoover. DG 22 National Committee on Conscientious Objectors (of the American Civil Liberties Union). 1940-1946, 6 ft. Complete records of the Washington office of NCCO, including records of Committee for Legal Aid to Conscientious Objectors, Committee for Legal Service to Conscientious Objectors, and New York Office of NCCO. Included are minutes, reports, correspondence, reference material, and case files of conscientious objectors who fell athwart the law. NCCO worked on problems of COs arrested and imprisoned by civil courts, threatened with arrest, or sentenced by army or navy courts-martial, and these NCCO records are the most complete body of such data accessible to researchers (i.e., outside the closed archives of the Department of Justice). A detailed checklist is available at SCPC. See: Julien Cornell. DG 23 National Council for Prevention of War (U.S.A.). 1921-1947, 274 ft. Non-current records of NCPW (for which SCPC is the official depository), such as minutes, correspondence, reports, publications, reference material and miscellanea, including extensive files of the Council's educational and political action campaigns. In 1921 Frederick J. Libby organized the National Council for Limitation of Armaments, sponsored by twenty-five national organizations, to mobilize American peace sentiment for the Washington disarmament conference. After the conference, the group continued as the National Council for Reduction of Armaments; the present name was adopted in October 1922. NCPW grew until through much of the 1920s and 1930s it was the largest U.S. peace organization in terms of budget, staff and program. Interspersed are personal papers of staff members, notably those of Frederick Libby, who still directs the Council. Document Groups 17 DG 24 National Peace Council (England). 1910-1947, 3 ft. National Council For Prevention of War (England). Annual Reports complete from 1922; complete series of Peace Yearbook, 1910-1947; Peace Aims Pamphlets complete, nos. 1-39, except nos. 34, 35; miscellaneous publications; and almost complete series of periodicals from 1931, variously titled Peace Review, Peace, Peace Aims, One World, World Issues. DG 25 National Service Board For Religious Objectors. 1940-1947, 225 ft. Records of 151 Civilian Public Service Camps operated mainly by the Brethren, Friends, and Mennonites, and the remainder by the Baptists, Methodists, Catholics, Evangelical and Reformed, Disciples of Christ, and Camp Operations Division of Selective Service System, for the purpose of providing alternative service during wartime for conscientious objectors drafted under the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940. The material consists of all camp, administrative, and general records, from the beginning of activities until June 1947 when transfer to Swarthmore was officially made; also case records of 12,000 men inducted into and discharged from CPS camps, and 8000 others who were reclassified or imprisoned. Also files--not always complete--of all known bulletins and news letters, printed, mimeographed, typed, or handwritten, official and non-official, issued either by camp authorities or minority groups of conscientious objectors. See: American Friends Service Committee, CPS. DG 26 New York Peace Society New York Peace Society (I), 1818, 1 piece. One pamphlet, The Question of War Reviewed (being Tract no. 3, 1818) of the first peace society in America, organized by David Low Dodge and others in the summer of 1815. In 1828 the first NYPS amalgamated into American Peace Society. New York Peace Society (II). 1838, 1 piece. Arbitration of National Disputes, a Congressional report upon a memorial of the New York Peace Society, organized in 1837 and active in the effort to obtain arbitration of U.S. claims against Mexico. New York Peace Society (III). [In 1844 a third NYPS was organized, probably auxiliary to American Peace Society. None of its records are in SCPS.] New York Peace Society (IV). 1906-1940, 6 1/2 ft. Complete records, including minutes, reports, correspondence, financial records, publications, scrapbooks and miscellanea; transferred to SCPC 18 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION in 1940 when the Society was merged into World Alliance for International Friendship through the Churches. Included are the documents of the Society's work in organizing the League to Enforce Peace during World War I. DG 27 PEACE ASSOCIATION OF FRIENDS IN AMERICA. 1870-1943, 4 ft. All known remaining papers and records of a committee officially organized in 1867 by several Yearly Meetings of the Society of Friends to do peace educational work over the United States. The material consists mostly of carbon copies of letters, scattered copies of minutes, annual reports, a few financial papers of the years 1912, 1915, 1921-1927, when Allen D. Hole of Richmond, Indiana was president of the Association and editor of The Messenger of Peace. Included are some issues of small pamphlets (4-16 pp.) which show that between 1869 and 1875, twenty-seven titles were printed. These essays, sometimes written especially, sometimes reprints, by well-known English and American authors - John G. Whittier, Elihu Burritt, Joseph John Gurney, Henry Richards, etc., were printed from stereotype plates and Daniel Hill, secretary from the founding until his death in 1898, reported that hundreds of thousands of pages were printed and distributed annually. Files of The Messenger of Peace are about two-thirds complete, beginning with vol. 1, Ninth Month 1870. It was issued separately as a monthly until about 1933, then as a supplementary section of the American Friend and discontinued in August 1943. DG 28 PEACE PLEDGE UNION. 1936-1947, 2 1/2 ft. Pamphlets, leaflets, publication lists, and numbered bulletins issued by a widely supported British group requiring of its members a pledge never to support a war. The Rev. Dick Sheppard was founder and leader until his death. Of the various regularly issued papers the SCPC has Peace News, a weekly newspaper, 1939-1947, complete except for 6 issues; and Peace Pledge Group Letter and Journal, 1943-1947, complete except for 3 issues. DG 29 PEACE SOCIETY (London). 1817-1939, 2 ft. (SOCIETY FOR PROMOTION OF PERMANENT AND UNIVERSAL PEACE.) (INTERNATIONAL PEACE SOCIETY.) Publications of a group organized almost simultaneously with the first peace societies of the United States. Under the leadership of Henry Richards it had a broad program and became internationally known. Local branches were developed as far away as Australia. The Society issued various materials including tracts, illustrated propaganda envelopes; a DOCUMENT GROUPS 19 monthly periodical Herald of Peace, of which the SCPC has an incomplete series from 1823 to 1939, and a children's paper, the Olive Leaf, incomplete, 1904-1915. DG 30 PENNSYLVANIA COMMITTEE FOR TOTAL DISARMAMENT. 1930-1936, 11 ft. Complete records of the Committee, including minutes, report,s correspondence, financial records, membership lists, signed petitions, scrapbooks and miscellaneous material; and including the records of the Fenner Brockway Dinner Committee (January 1930), out of which the Committee grow. Sophia H. Dulles, William I. Hull and Mary Winsor took the most active parts in the Committee's work which consisted chiefly of political action in favor of disarmament. DG 31 PENNSYLVANIA PEACE SOCIETY. PENNSYLVANIA PEACE SOCIETY (I). 1829, 1 piece. The June 1829 number of Advocate of Peace and Christian Patriot, apparently an organ of the Society. PENNSYLVANIA PEACE SOCIETY (II). [There is record of a second Pennsylvania Peace Society, organized in 1838, but none of its papers are in SCPC.] PENNSYLVANIA STATE PEACE SOCIETY (III). 1851, 1 piece. A circular letter of invitation to the annual meeting, to be held in Philadelphia May 1, 1851. PENNSYLVANIA PEACE SOCIETY (IV). 1866-1928, 3 ft. All known remaining records of the Society, including minute books from no. 6 (1893-1928), fragmentary correspondence and other records, closely related to the records of Universal Peace Union, with which the Society was affiliated. Lucretia Mott was president, 1870-1880, of PPS. Arabella Carter, the last secretary, arranged for the transfer of the records to Swarthmore at the time of the dissolution of the Society in 1928, and with the records came many miscellaneous rarities gathered by the two groups; including a Friendly Address to the Women of Philadelphia from the Women of Exeter, England, 1842, a 15-foot scroll with 1601 signatures, and a manuscript draft of the reply written by Lucretia Mott and signed by women of Philadelphia. DG 32 HUGH RICHARDSON. 1911-1931, 2 ft. Correspondence of an English Quaker pacifist; notes and published articles on peace; his journals of European travels, 1921-1931; and several peace plays in manuscript form. Of special note is a collection of autograph letters from German war prisoners on Isle of Man and elsewhere. 20 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION DG 33 SOCIETY OF FRIENDS. 1827-1847, 18 ft. Minutes, reports, pamphlets, tracts, broadsides, posters, pronouncements (in manuscript, typescript and print) recording the peace views and activities of meetings and committees of the Society of Friends (Quakers) all over the world. Countries represented include Australia, Austria, Canada, China, England, France, Germany, Japan, Switzerland and the United States. A notable inclusion is all known remaining records of the Committee on Peach and Arbitration of Race Street Yearly Meeting, Philadelphia, from 1905 to 1928, when it joined with a similar group of Arch Street Yearly Meeting to become the Friends of the Peace Committee of Philadelphia. Opposition to war always has been one of the foundation principles of the Society. Since peace activity has been considered a regular part of Quaker business, the setting up of a separate peace committee did not become general practice until World War 1. Records of Quaker peace activities not directly connected with Friends meetings are not included in this document group, but are treated separately. (See: American Friends Service Committee, Friends Committee on National Legislation, Peach Association of Friends in America, etc.) DG 34 ANNA GARLIN SPENCER. ca. 1830-1932, 8 ft. Personal and family papers, including correspondence, genealogical material, manuscripts, published writings, and personal miscellanea. These papers reflect her pacifism, religious liberalism, interest in woman's suffrage and ethical culture; and her career as minister, sociologist, lecturer, author, teacher and wife. Much of it pertains to the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, the Ethical Culture Society, or the Free religious Association. Correspondents include Susan B. Anthony, Edith Abbott, David Starr Jordan, Bliss Carman, Edward A. Ross, and Richard T. Ely. DG 35 HELENE STÖCKER. 1896-1943, 5 ft. Correspondence, notebooks, diaries, address books, notes for an auto-biography, photographs, press clippings; and manuscript, typescript and printed articles, lectures and other literary productions. Despite exigencies of a sudden exile from Germany when the Nazis came into power in 193, and a bomb hit on her London quarters during World War II, there remains a considerable quantity of earlier material, dealing with Doctor Stöcker's pacifist and feminist work in pre-Hitler Germany, where she founded the German League for the Protection of Motherhood and Sexual Reform, edited Die Neue Generation, and was vice-president of the Friedenskartell DOCUMENT GROUPS 21 (League for Peace). The greater part of the papers are of later date, documenting a long journey of exile from country to country until her death in New York City in 1943. Correspondents include Ludwig Quidde, Gertrude Baer, Emma Goldman, Anna T. Nilsson, the Nobel Peace Prize Committee, Rosika Schwimmer, B. de Jong van Beek en Donk, Dorothy Detzer, Fenner Brockway, Georg Gretor, William Henry Chamberlin, H. Runham Brown, and Margarete Jaraczewsky. DG 36 SYDNEY D. STRONG. 1914-1940, 2 ft. Personal papers and memorabilia, including correspondence, manuscripts, typescript, published writings, clippings and miscellanea of Strong and his daughter, Anna Louise Strong, educator and Russian publicist. The principal subject divisions are (1) activities on behalf of disarmament; (4) Anna Louise Strong; (5) Sydney Strong's letters from the Geneva disarmament conference; (6) World War I material, including attacks on Strong, and letters from conscientious objectors. Correspondents include Devere Allen, Paul Jones, Wilfred Wellock, A. Philip Randolph, Jessie Wallace Hughan, Roger Baldwin, Robert Whitaker, Lord Ponsonby, and John Nevin Sayre. DG 37 UNION OF DEMOCRATIC CONTROL. 1914-1945, 1 ½ ft. Miscellaneous publications of an outspoken peace group, led by E. D. Morel until his death in 1925; including the monthly bulletin, U. D. C. (scattered issues, 191501919) ; and The Secret International (1932), a 48 page pamphlet which inspired investigations of munition makers in many countries. DG 38 UNIVERSAL PEACE UNION. 186601920, 24 ft. All known remaining records from the time or organization, May 1866 in Philadelphia, until formal dissolution in 1920; including minute books, membership lists, financial and subscription records, 1891-1920; scrapbooks, fragments of correspondence, personal papers of Alfred H. Love, and a complete file, 1868-1913, of the UPU periodical, entitled successively, Bond of Peace, Voice of Peace and Peacemaker, a rich source of historical data on the peace movement in the U.S.and other countries. Alfred Love (1830-1913) was the principal organizer of the Union and was its President until his death. His personal papers, here interspersed, include twenty-five manuscript volumes of his journal (1848-1912) ; a collection of photographs of peace leaders ; and personal miscellanea. Love 22 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION and his organization were devoted to the use of symbolism in propaganda, and this collection includes many physical objects, and records and descriptions of others, constructed to dramatize the peace cause, such as the Peace Plow, the Peace Flag, and the Peace Bell. Pennsylvania Peace Society (IV, 1866-1928), an affilitate, was the legatee when the Union was dissolved, and these records were preserved and sent to Swarthmore by the Society's secretary, Arabella Carter. DG 39 WAR RESISTERS INTERNATIONAL. 1921-1947, 1 1/2 ft. Complete series of the War Resister from 1923, with the exception of numbers 30 and 33; also pamphlets and leaflets dating from 1925, in English, French, German, Dutch, Danish, and Esperanto. The international work of this absolutist pacifist organization has always stemmed from the office in England, led by H. Runham Brown, with affiliated sections in many countries. The most active national groups have been in England and Denmark. The group in Germany for a time issues a paper, Die Friedensfront; and in France another sections published Le Résistant à la Guerre, of which the SCPC has only scattered numbers. DG 40 WAR RESISTERS LEAGUE. 1923-1947, 1 1/2 ft. Membership and propaganda mailings, including form letters, reports, resolutions, printed publications, and material originating in other organizations, particularly the War Resisters International, of which WRL is an American affiliate, but distributed by WRL; also including a long series of summaries and tabulations of press references to conscientious objectors during World War II, prepared by the League for the U. S. peace movement. Jessie Wallace Hughan and Abraham Kaufman have been WRL's moving spirits, assisted by Frank Olmstead, Evan Thomas, and many others. In June 1947, SCPC was designated as the depository for WRL records, but no actual transfer of records had been made when this Guide went to press. DG 41 LYDIA G. WENTWORTH. 1902-1947, 5 ft. Personal papers, including correspondence, published writings, and miscellanea, of this tireless propagandist for peace. Her correspondents include Lucia Ames Mean, John M. Work, David Starr Jordan, John Haynes Holmes, Charles T. Halliman, Emily G. Balch, Theodore Debs, Belle Rankin, Arthur Ponsonby, Henry W. Pinkham, and Caroline Babcock. The collection of her periodical articles, gathered from the religious, socialist, and labor press, hardly could be duplicated, for many of the periodicals were ephemeral and obscure. DOCUMENT GROUPS 23 DG 42 WISBECH PEACE ASSOCIATION. 1880-1931, 2 ft. All known remaining records of an organization planned originally for women in England which grew until it had members and active contacts in far scattered parts of the world. The founder and director until her death in 1931 at the age of 98 years was Priscilla Hannah Peckover of Wisbech, Eng., who carried on the correspondence and translation and printing of leaflets in various languages including Esperanto. Included is the quarterly bulletin, Peace and Goodwill, 1882-1931, of which the SCPC holdings are almost complete. Five large scrapbooks carry samples of printed items, arranged in chronological order, some in color designed especially for children. Included are twenty-nine autographed letters and cards in French, 1888-1891, from Frederick Bajer, the outstanding European peace leader of his time. DG 43 WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE AND FREEDOM. WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE AND FREEDOM, INTERNATIONAL OFFICE. 1915-1947, 40 ft. Minutes, circular letters to national sections, letters to international members, printed and mimeographed material from international headquarters, Geneva. Also a complete series of Congress Reports I-X, and Pax International, 1925-1939; and other periodicals under various titles: earlier (1915-1925), almost complete, and later (1940-1947), complete. The WILPF grew out of the International Women's Committee for Permanent Peace, which met first as an International Congress at The Hague, Netherlands, 1915, under the leadership of Dr. Aletta Jacobs and continued activities through World War I until at Zurich in 1919 the permanent name was adopted and Jane Addams was elected international chairman. Included in the files are pamphlets, leaflets, posters, and periodicals from national sections in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, England, Egypt, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Roumania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunis, United States, and Yugoslavia, in varying quantities. Of note are almost complete series of periodicals for national sections of Australia, Denmark, England and Sweden. WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE AND FREEDOM, UNITED STATES SECTION. 1919-1947, 150 ft. The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is the official depository for the WILPF, United States Section, and non-current records are regularly transferred to Swarthmore. Among these are complete files of bulletins to members with various titles; printed literature; finance reports; records 24 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION of the Latin-American Division; activities on problems connected with Haiti and Liberia; material pertaining to the campaign on investigation of the munition industry; and race and minority questions. Included are non-current records of New York and Pennsylvania state branches. WOMAN'S PEACE PARTY. 1915-1919, 15 ft. All known records, consisting of minutes, printed matter, membership files (including list of attenders at the formation meeting, Washington, D. C., January 9, 1915), finance papers and correspondence. Part of these records came from Chicago with Jane Addams' personal papers in 1930; part were discovered in the basement of Hull House in 1939; part were found in the Washington office of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Many important items, particularly early minutes and membership lists, were contributed by Mrs. Louis F. Post, Washington, D. C., vice-president, and member of the Executive Council from the first organization. The Woman's Peace Party, with Jane Addams as chairman, was active throughout World War I. It participated in the Congress of the International Committee for Permanent Peace, The Hague, May 1915, and Zurich, 1919, and became the U. S. Section of the WILPF in 1919. See: Rose Dabney Malcolm Forbes. DG 44 WOMEN'S PEACE UNION. 1921-1941, 18 ft. Complete records, including minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, press releases, clippings, scrapbooks, publications and miscellaneous material. From 1924 to 1940 the Union engaged continually in agitation on behalf of a proposed constitutional amendment abolishing American war-making powers, introduced at each session of Congress by Senator Lynn Frazier. This propaganda campaign is fully documented in the Union records, as is the 1921 New York City disarmament parade. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A Papers of organizations and individuals in the United States interested in the promotion of peace of which the holdings at the Swarthmore College Peace Collection are small. ABSOLUTIST WAR OBJECTORS ASSOCIATION, 1943-1947, 2 in. Publications including a complete file of the Absolutist and incomplete file of Weekly Prison News Letter, both edited by Julius Eichel, objector to both World Wars and the central figure in the Association. WILLIAM C. ALLEN. 1882-1936, 1 ft. Manuscripts, publications, correspondence and reference material preserved by Allen, a Quaker missionary active in the pacifist, anti-imperialist and temperance movements; including memoranda of a pacifist during World War I, sealed in 1919 for opening in 1935. AMERICAN ARBITRATION CRUSADE. ca 1926-1927, 1/4 in. Publications of the Crusade which propagandized for treaties providing for obligatory arbitration of international disputes. William Floyd was the instigator. AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR THE OUTLAWRY OF WAR. 1921-1936, 1 1/2 in. Pamphlets, clippings and typescript articles, mostly by Salmon O. Levinson for whom the Committee was a backdrop during the campaign which culminated in the signing of the Treaty for the Renunciation of War (Kellogg Peace Pact or Pact of Paris). AMERICAN CONFERENCE FOR DEMOCRACY AND TERMS OF PEACE. 1917, 1 1/2 in. Typescript verbatim report and clippings and publications of the First American Conference, held in New York City, May 30-31, 1917. Printed call to the Second American Conference, Chicago, July 7-8, 1917, and clippings describing its sessions and the opposition it aroused. Some relevant correspondence of Emily Greene Balch is included. AMERICAN EMBARGO CONFERENCE. 1915, 4 pieces. Printed publications of a campaign for legislation restricting the shipment of American arms to Europe early in World War I. 25 26 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION AMERICAN FOUNDATION. 1924-1932, 6 in. Publications of the Foundation and two subsidiaries, American Peace Award (Bok Peace Prize) and Philadelphia World Court Committee; a small collection of unsuccessful entries in the "Bok Prize" contest; correspondence of William I. Hull with American Foundation. The material, like the organization, is devoted to the support of the World Court. AMERICAN LEAGUE AGAINST WAR AND FASCI M. 1932-1940, 11 in. Publication , form letters, press releases and miscellanea of the League, of local affiliates, and of the following related or subsidiary groups: Ameri­can Committee for the World Congress Against War, World Congress Against War, United States Congress Against War, World Congress of Youth Against War and Fascism, American Committee for Struggle Against War, National Congress for Peace and Democracy, and People's Congress for Democracy and Peace. Included are files of 14 serial publications. In 1937, the League altered its name to American League for Peace and Democracy. American League TO LIMIT ARMAMENTS. ca. 1914-1915, 5 pieces. Pamphlets and leaflets produced as part of a campaign, organized shortly after the outbreak of World War I, to keep the United States from pre­paring for and entering the war. AMERICAN NEUTRAL CONFERENCE COMMITTEE. 1916-1917, 2 in. Publications and form letters of the Committee and of three of its regional branch and correspondence of William I. Hull with the Com­mittee. For the New England branch, all of the known surviving original records (principally correspondence) are included, having been deposited in SCPC by Emily Greene Balch, executive secretary of the Branch. The Committee sought to induce the United States to mediate World War I. (See: Algemeene Nederlandsche Bond "Vrede door Recht"; and Neutral Conference for Continuous Meditation.) AMERICAN PEACE AND ARBITRATION LEAGUE. 1909-1914, 1/2 in. Publication of the League, including proceedings of receptions for William Howard Taft and Philander C. Knox during their incumbencies as President and Secretary of State of the United States. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A 27 AMERICAN PEACE MOBILIZATION. 1940-1941, 9 in. Organizational material, publications and miscellanea of the APM, its local branches, and the subsidiary National Labor Committee Against War, National Labor Committee Against Fascism, and Committee to Defend America by Keeping Out of War, including incomplete files of six periodicals. APM vigorously opposed the entry of the U.S. into World War II until Germany attacked Russia, when the name was changed to American People's Mobilization and the peace-war policy was reversed. SCPC hold­ings include material issued before and after the change. AMERICAN SCHOOL PEACE LEAGUE. 1909-1928, 11 in. Annual reports (1909-1911), year books (1911-1917) and other pub­lications of the American School Peace League; and scattered corre­spondence and publications of the American School Citizenship League (1919-1928), the post-war successor. A collection of the published writings of Fannie Fern Andrews, executive secretary, is included. AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR JUDICIAL SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES. 1910-1917, 4 in. Publications, including a file of the periodical, Judicial Settlement of International Disputes, all promoting the idea of a world court. William Howard Taft, Theodore Marburg, and James Brown Scott were leaders. AMERICAN UNION FOR CONCERTED PEACE EFFORTS. 1938 -1939, 1 1/2 in. Press releases, broadsides, and pamphlets of the Union and its prede­cessor, Committee for Concerted Peace Efforts; including a file of the periodical, Toward World Cooperation. Some material of two subsidiary groups, Non-partisan Committee for Peace through Revision of the Neutrality Law and Pennsylvania Committee for Concerted Peace Efforts, is included. AMERICANS UNITED FOR WORLD ORGANIZATION, INC. 1945. 1/4 in. Organizational and promotional material issued by a group interested in decreasing national sovereignty and increasing the power of the United Nations. ANTI-CONSCRIPTION COMMITTEE. 1944-1946, 1/4 in. Propaganda leaflets issued during the congressional struggle over peacetime conscription after World War II. The committee operate from the national offices of Fellowship Reconciliation in New York City. 28 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION ANTI-ENLISTMENT LEAGUE. 1916, ¼ in. Mailing lists and financial statement of the committee, and leaflets issued during its World War I campaign for war resistance. Sarah Cleghorn, Tracy Mygatt and Jessie Wallace Hughan were active in the group. ASSOCIATION FOR PEACE EDUCATION. 1925, 1 in. Publications resulting from a study of chauvinism in school texts, includ­ing the proceedings of a Conference on the Teaching of History, Chicago, 1925. ASSOCIATION TO ABOLISH WAR. 1915-1927, 5 in. All known surviving papers, including secretary's books (minutes, re­ports, clippings), correspondence, form letters, publications and miscellanea. Charles F. Dole and Henry W. Pinkham were the leaders of the group, and most of the material is related to them. The ociation was national in its plans, but activities were generally limited to the Boston area. JOSHUA P. BLANCHARD. 1819-1868 , 2 in. A scrapbook, kept by Blanchard, of his printed and manuscript writings, being principally pacifist and/or abolitionist tracts and including pleas for the termination of the Civil War and material relating to the reform-vs.-­ conservativism struggle in American Peace Society. "BREAK-WITH-CONSCRIPTION" COMMITTEE. 1946-1947, 1/4 in. Typescript report of the Committee's anti-conscription demonstration in Philadelphia, February 12, 1947, and press notices of demonstrations the same day in Philadelphia, New York City and Boston, all of which culminated in the burning or discarding of draft cards. BUFFALO (New York) PEACE AND ARBITRATION SOCIETY. 1916, 5 pieces. Pamphlets and a letter to William I. Hull. The group was for a time affiliated with American Peace Society. ELIHU BURRITT. 1840-1942, 9 in. Manuscript letters, pamphlets, books, broadsides and periodical material by "The Learned Blacksmith," photographs of him and material about him. Periodicals include incomplete files of his Bond of Brotherhood, Burritt's Citizen of the World, and Olive Leaf. Burritt (1810-1879) was a leader in the American Peace Society (q .v.), first international organizer of the peace movement, founder of the League of Universal Brotherhood, and a self-educated scholar of renown. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A 29 CALIFORNIA PEACE SOCIETIES. 1910-1918, 22 pieces. Propaganda and organizational publications of CPS and its component bodies, Southern California Peace Society and Northern California Peace Society, and of a subsidiary, Redlands Peace Society. CPS was affiliated with American Peace Society, and Robert C. Root was the moving spirit. CAMPAIGN FOR WORLD GOVERNMENT. 1939-1947, 1/2 in. Publications, including the periodical World Federation-Now. CHICAGO PEACE SOCIETY. 1912-1917, 2 in. Annual reports ( 1912-1915) and miscellaneous publications. CPS was affiliated with American Peace Society. Jane Addams, Louis P. Lochner and Julius Rosenwald were among the active members. CHILDREN'S CRUSADE FOR PEACE. 1915-1916, 1 in. Secretary's book, leaflets, and materials distributed by the Crusade, initiated in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, by Caroline Sargent Walter and Mrs. Jesse Phillips during World War I. CHRISTIAN ARBITRATION AND PEACE SOCIETY. 1890-1911, 2 in. Publications, including an incomplete file of the Christian Arbitrator and Messenger of Peace; the sumptuously printed and illustrated annual report for 1890; and pamphlets. The Society was, for a time, affiliated with American Peace Society. CHRISTIAN WOMEN'S PEACE MOVEMENT. 1915, 1 piece. Pamphlet publication of a prizewinning peace story. CINCINNATI (Ohio) PEACE LEAGUE. 1926-1940, 12 pieces. Organizational pamphlets and bulletin. CITIZENS PEACE PETITION COMMITTEE. 1941, 1/2 in. Publications, form letters, clippings, typescript addresses and miscellanea of the Committee, sponsored by other pacifist agencies to petition Franklin D. Roosevelt to use his influence "for the cessation of hostilities and the achievement of a just peace." CLEARING HOUSE FOR LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS. 1921, 1/4 in. Minutes, bulletins, and leaflets of the committee, organized by New York City peace agencies to pool information and propaganda services during the campaign which preceded the Washington Naval Conference. 30 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION SARAH N. CLEGHORN. 1917-1940, 2 in. Correspondence and miscellanea related to World War I, preserved by the Vermont poet-pacifist; including her War Journal of a Pacifist in type­script and a first edition of her Ballad of Gene Debs. COMMISSION ON THE COORDINATION OF EFFORTS FOR PEACE. 1933, 1 piece. The Commission's printed report, analyzing the structure and program of the U.S. peace movement and examining cooperative efforts. COMMITTEE FOR AMNESTY FOR ALL OBJECTORS TO WAR AND CONSCRIPTION. 1945-1947, 1 1/2 in. Form letters and publications, including the periodical Amnesty Bulletin. The Committee was organized by a conference of representatives of pacifist, religious, and civil liberties group , to concentrate in one place the cam­paign to obtain amnesty for American objectors to World War II. COMMITTEE FOR DEMOCRATIC CONTROL. ca 1917, 7 pieces. Publications of the Committee and its predecessor, Committee for the Emergency Office, arguing for American abstinence from World War I as in line with the will of the people. Amos Pinchot, Randolph Bourne, Max Eastman and Winthrop D. Lane were the committee. COMMITTEE FOR PEACE DAY IN THE UNITED NATIONS. 1945, 1/2 in. [* U??? Laymen's League *] Petition and other promotional material of the Committee's campaign for the international designation of a holiday for peace. COMMITTEE ON WORLD FRIENDSHIP AMONG CHILDREN. 1930-1934, 1 in. Publications, generally dealin with the "doll messengers of friendship". COMMITTEE TO KEEP AMERICA OUT OF WAR. 1940, 3 pieces. Publications of a committee of U. S. Senators, organized to demand a peace plank in the 1940 Democratic party platform and to urge the nomination of Burton K. Wheeler for the Presidency. CONNECTICUT PEACE SOCIETY. CONNECTICUT PEACE SOCIETY (I). 1832-1836, 2 in. Printed addresses, with second and fourth annual reports, 1833 and 1835, appended; Tract no. 1; and a file of American Advocate of Peace (complete, except for no. 10, Sept. 1836) which was begun as the organ COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A 31 of CPS and later became the organ of American Peace Society. William Watson was the agent of CPS and Samuel May his principal aide. See: Peace Society of Windham County (Conn.). CONNECTICUT PEACE SOCIETY (II). [A new Connecticut Peace Society was organized August 18, 1869, by the Rogerenes (q.v.) near Mystic. It became a branch of the Universal Peace Union (q.v.).] CONNECTICUT PEACE SOCIETY (III). 1912-1913, 3 pieces. Pamphlet publication of a modern revival of Connecticut Peace Society which, like the first of its name, was affiliated with American Peace Society. CONSULTATIVE PEACE COUNCIL. 1943-1947, 1 1/2 in. Minutes, reports, and miscellaneous publications of the Council which was organized in 1943 as the Peace Strategy Board, became the Joint Peace Board in 1945, and adopted its present name in 1946. Its members are executive officer of pacifist agencies, and it acts as a clearing house for the peace movement and, unofficially, as a pacifist caucus of the National Peace Conference (q.v.). DELAWARE PEACE SOCIETY. 1895-1917, 2 in. Minute book, correspondence, and publications of the Society which largely was a Quaker group and which maintained an affiliation with the Universal Peace Union. DISARMAMENT EDUCATION COMMITTEE. 1921, 1/2 in. A series of posters on behalf of disarmament, produced during the educational campaign with which pacifists welcomed the Washington Naval Conference. HOWARD W. ELKINTON and J. PASSMORE ELKINTON. 1890- 1899, 1920, 1926-1945, 6 in. Correspondence (1926-1945) involving the Elkintons' activities as unofficial Quaker ambassadors to the Doukhobors of Western Canada (a pacifict religious sect which migrated from Russian persecution, with the help of Leo Tolstoy and Friends, around the turn of the century); also miscellaneous manuscripts relating to the Doukhobors; and a scrapbook of peace and Spanish-American war clippings, believed to have been assembled by Joseph S. Elkinton. EMERGENCY FEDERATION OF PEACE FORCES. 1915, 3 pieces. Leaflets of the Chicago committee of the Federation, which sought to coordinate pacifist opposition to American participation in World War I. Jane Addams was chairman. 32 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION EMERGENCY PEACE COMMITTEE OF MASSACHUSETTS. 1917, 3 pieces. Leaflet and clipping reporting the results of a statewide poll on the questions of declaring war and inaugurating conscription. EMERGENCY PEACE FEDERATION. 1917, 2 in. Reports, publications, and miscellanea of the Federation and of the "Unofficial Commission Which Met at the Holland House" that it sponsored; also press clippings and some correspondence of Emily G. Balch relating to the Federation. FELLOWSHIP OF PEACE (Meadville, Pennsylvania). 1931 - 1946, 5 in. Minutebook. correspondence, scrapbook of press notices, and publications of the Fellowship which was a federation for peace of local women's clubs. FIGHT FOR TOTAL PEACE, INC. 1945 -1946, 6 pieces. Publications espousing the world federation doctrine of Ely Culbertson; especially urging United Nations charter amendments for the control of the atomic bomb. FLUSHING (New York) PEACE SOCIETY. 1936-1944, 1 in. A file of the Society's Bulletin. THEODORE FOULK and MABEL P. FOULK. 1917-1932, 3 in. Correspondence, receipts, clippings, relating to the considerable voluntary financial contributions made by Theodore Foulk to the Federal Government for constructive civilian purposes at the time that he was actively opposing World War I; writings, published and in manuscript, of Mabel P. Foulk, dealing with racial and international peace. GEORGIA PEACE SOCIETY. 1931-1937, 1/4 in. Membership letters by Jeannette Rankin and publications of the Society and the related Georgia Committee on the Disarmament Conference, both or which maintained close ties with the National Council for Prevention of War. GREATER BOSTON PEACE COUNCIL. 1938, 1 piece. Minutes of the meeting of February 11, 1938. GREATER PHILADELPHIA COMMITTEE AGAINST PEACETIME CONSCRIPTION. 1945-1947, 1/4 in. Form letters and leaflets of the group, first organized as Committee Against Wartime Enactment of Peacetime Conscription. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A 33 HARTFORD COUNTY (Connecticut) PEACE SOCIETY. 1829-1834, 9 pieces. Annual reports (second to sixth, 1829-1834) and printed addresses delivered at the semi-annual meetings. The Society's agent was William Watson, who served the Connecticut Peace Society in the same capacity. OLGA HESSE (MRS. PHILIP HESSE). Descriptive records and a large embroidered silk flag, and small gummed seals, in photographic replica, made by Mrs. Hesse (1870-1942) and her mother, Mrs. Wilhelmina Carlstedt (1850-1942), Brooklyn, N.Y., in 1941; one of seven similar embroidered flags which they made after World War I and gave to various persons and institutions in India, Germany, and the United States. INTERCOLLEGIATE DISARMAMENT COUNCIL. ca. 1932, 1 piece. One leaflet. Although an organization of American youth, the Council was formed in Europe at the 1931 Conference of the World's Student Christian Federation. INTERCOLLEGIATE PEACE SPEECH ASSOCIATION. 1914- 1947, 1 in. A few annual reports and a collection of prizewinning speeches. From its founding in 1906 until 1946, the name was Intercollegiate Peace Association. INTERNATIONAL PEACE FORUM. 1912, 1 piece. A compilation of the addresses of William Howard Taft, published in behalf of his 1912 campaign for the presidency. KANSAS PEACE-ACTION COMMITTEE. `1936, 1 piece. One number of the Kansas Peace Forum, the Committee's periodical. WILLIAM LADD. 1815-1840, 11 in. Books, periodicals and pamphlets by William Ladd, about him, or from his personal library, including his own bound copy of volume 1 of Harbinger of Peace (1828-1829) and copies of his pseudonymous works signed "Philanthropos." Ladd (1778-1841), a retired Marine sea-captain, converted to pacifism in 1819, became leader of the American peace movement and in 1828 founded American Peace Society (q.v.). LAKE MOHONK CONFERENCE ON INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION. 1895-1917, 1 1/2 ft. Printed proceedings of 22 annual conferences (1895-1916) and other publications, form letters and clippings, pertaining to the meetings; and the correspondence of William I. Hull with Lake Mohonk. Alfred and Albert Smiley, Quaker brothers and owners of Lake Mohonk estates, were hosts and benefactors of the conferences. 34 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION LEAGUE TO ENFORCE PEACE. 1915-1919, 8 in. Printed proceedings of national meetings, a few minutes, miscellaneous publications, and clippings concerning the League. (For background material, see records of New York Peace Society which was responsible for the organization of the League.) LINCOLN (Nebraska) PEACE COUNCIL. ca. 1941, 1 piece. One number of Nebraska Peacemaker, a periodical. BELVA A. LOCKWOOD. 1887-1917, 5 in. Correspondence, manuscripts, photographs, pamphlets, mostly in connection with her association with the Universal Peace Union (q.v.), as vice- president, lecturer, and delegate to International Peace Congresses in U.S. and Europe, and writer for The Peacemaker. Also ephemera of the Women's Suffrage movement and the Equal Rights Party which supported her in 1884 and 1888 as the first woman candidate for U.S. President. A lawyer, Belva Lockwood devoted most of her life to the pacifist, temperance, and woman suffrage movements and had wide contacts in this country and abroad. McKEESPORT (Pennsylvania) LEAGUE OF PEACE. ca. 1924, 10 pieces. Correspondence of William I. Hull with the League. MARYLAND PEACE SOCIETY. 1910-1912, 1 in. File of the Society's pamphlet periodical, Maryland Quarterly (No. 1-12), and miscellaneous publications. Theodore Marburg was the president, and the program and philosophy were those of the conservative arbitration societies of the 1905-1914 period. MASSACHUSETTS COMMITTEE AGAINST COMPULSORY MILITARY TRAINING. 1937, 1/4 in. Numbers 1-6 of the Committee's Weekly Bulletin and two legislative broadsides, all concerning the 1937 campaign for a state law against military training in Massachusetts schools. MASSACHUSETTS LEAGUE FOR PEACE ACTION. ca.1934, 1 piece. Brochure used in a financial campaign by the League which was organized as a political-action coordinator by peace agencies of Massachusetts. METROPOLITAN BOARD FOR CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS. 1941, 1 piece. One clipping. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A 35 MICHIGAN COUNCIL FOR WORLD PEACE. ca. 1924, 1 piece. One leaflet on behalf of international government. MICHIGAN LABOR COMMITTEE AGAINST PEACE-TIME CONSCRIPTION. ca. 1945, 1 piece. One leaflet. Officers included Victor and Walter Reuther. MINISTERS' NO WAR COMMITTEE, 1941-1942, 1/4 in. Reports, form letters, press releases, leaflets, all aimed at mobilizing opposition on the part of American clergymen to the lend-lease bill and other pro-war legislation. Charles Boss and Albert Palmer of Chicago were the organizers. After Pearl Harbor the name was changed to Churchmen's Committee for a Christian Peace. MINISTERS PEACE FELLOWSHIP OF PHILADELPHIA AND VICINITY. ca. 1945, 1 piece. One form letter welcoming returning conscientious objectors. NATIONAL ARBITRATION LEAGUE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 1882-1884, 1/4 in. Printed constitution and by-laws; resolutions adopted at the National Arbitration Convention in Washington, 1882; and Proceedings of a Convention in Favor of International Arbitration held in Philadelphia in 1883. Belva Lockwood, Alfred H. Love, and Bernard T. Janney were among the leaders. NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR THE WAR REFERENDUM. 1937- 1938, 2 in. Press releases, form letters, and leaflets, all issued in behalf of the "Ludlow War Amendment" by the Committee; also press clippings relating to the Committee's activities and reference material concerning the Ludlow proposal. A constitutional amendment requiring a popular vote of affirmation of U.S. engagement in an offensive war had been proposed by Rep. Louis Ludlow of Indiana in 1935 and 1937. NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON THE CAUSE AND CURE OF WAR. 1924-1947, 13 in. Reports, programs, publicity and reference material of the annual conferences of the Committee, and study material used in the "Marathon Round Table" projects; material prepared by the national women's organizations which were constituents of the Committee; also publications of the successor organizations, Women's Action Committee for Victory and Lasting Peace, and Committee on Education for Lasting Peace. From the Committee's organization until her death in 1947, Carrie Chapman Catt was the principal figure. 36 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON THE CHURCHES AND WORLD PEACE. 1925-1934, ½ in. Publications, including those Study Conferences on the Churches and World Peace, which the Committee sponsored. NATIONAL COUNCIL AGAINST CONSCRIPTION, 1944-1947, 4 in. Form letters, reports, and leaflets of council and a complete file of Conscription News, which began publication in November 1944 and was taken over by the Council late in 1946; also a file of propaganda and reference material distributed by Conscription News before it became the organ of the Council. NATIONAL PACIFIST YOUTH CONFERENCE. ca. 1940, 1 piece. Proceedings of a conference held at Camp Mack, Indiana NATIONAL PEACE CONFERENCE. 1933-1947, 2 ft. Minutes, reports, form letters, press releases, and other publications of the Conference and its committees. A complete file of the NPC Bulletin is included. The group is a cooperative agency of various organizations interested in peace, pacifist and non-pacifist. NATIONAL PEACE FEDERATION, 1915, ¼ in. Material promoting mass demand for mediation of World War I, distributed by the Federation, an emergency organization with Chicago headquarters under the direction of Jane Addams, Louis P. Lochner, and Hamilton Holt. NEW ENGLAND NON-RESISTANCE SOCIETY 1938-1841, 1860, 1 in. Contemporary lithograph of the Declaration of Sentiments adopted by the Peace Convention held in Boston, September 18-20, 1838 (the signing of which was the beginning of this group); the Society's printed constitution; and two non-resistance pamphlets (1841, 1860) by leaders of the Society. The Society was the first American peace organization to espouse what today is called "absolutist pacifism." William Lloyd Garrison, Adin Ballou, Charles Whipple, Henry C. Wright, and Maria Chapman were leaders. NEW HAMPSHIRE PEACE SOCIETY. 1915-1920, ¼ in.. By-laws, form letters, and miscellanea, deposited in SCPC by Mary N. Chase, secretary. The Society was affiliated with American Peace Society. 37 COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A NEW YORK COUNCIL FOR THE LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS. 1921-1922, ¼ in. Leaflet and pamphlet publications of the Council ; and its correspondence with National Council for Reduction of Armaments. NORTHERN CALIFORNIA COMMITTEE TO OPPOSE PEACETIME CONSCRIPTION NOW. 1945, 3 pieces. Propaganda leaflets issued during the 1945 Congressional struggle over peacetime conscription. NORTHERN CALIFORNIA SERVICE BOARD FOR CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS. 1941-1945, ¼ in. Minutes of the meeting of December 15, 1941, and an incomplete file of News Notes, the Board's periodical publication. OBERLIN (Ohio) PEACE SOCIETY. 1930-1936, 9 pieces. Constitution and publications of the Society and of the Oberlin Peace Institute, June 1936. For an earlier Oberlin College peace movement, see: Rational Patriot. PACIFIST ACTION FELLOWSHIP. 1939-1944, 2 in. Incomplete file of Northwest Pacifist, the membership newsletter of the Fellowship, a local peace group, serving Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota. PACIFIST RESEARCH BUREAU. 1941-1947, 8 in. Complete series of pamphlet publications, form letters, and miscellanea ; and correspondence (1941-1942) of E. Raymond Wilson pertaining to the founding of the Bureau. Harrop Freeman and Theodore Paullin, executive directors, also are authors of several of the research pamphlets. The Bureau sponsors and publishes scholarly studies on peacemaking and its methods. PATRIOT PEACE LEAGUE (of Philadelphia). 1915-1917, ¼ in. Publications of, and press clippings regarding, the League, all related to the aggressive campaign against preparedness and army enlistment which the League conducted in Philadelphia during the first World War. Lucy Biddle Lewis and Hannah Clothier Hull were active members. See: American Union Against Militarism for material on the League's affiliation with the Union. 38 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION PEACE ACTION COMMITTEE OF WILLIMANTIC (Connecticut). 1934-1936, 1 1/2 in. Notebook and scrapbook kept by the chairman, Carl B. Webber, containing correspondence, press releases, clippings, and reference material of the Committee, much of it pertaining to the campaign against military training in Connecticut State College. PEACE ACTION FOR FRANKLIN COUNTY (Ohio). 1939, 3 pieces. Publications of this local political-action organization for peace, covering Columbus, Ohio, and the vicinity, and cooperating with National Council for Prevention of War. PEACE HEROES MEMORIAL SOCIETY. 1934-1938, 1 in. Transcripts of the memorial services held annually (1923-1938) in Cincinnati by the Society for civilian heroes (teachers, mothers, postmen, policemen, firemen, etc.); and programs for some of the services. These transcripts were used as guides for similar services in other cities. Abraham Cronbach was the active leader. PEACE HOUSE. 1925-1941, 10 pieces. Leaflets, newspaper ads, postcards, and miscellanea of Mrs. J. Sergeant Cram and her Peace House, a pacifist center in New York City. PEACE NOW MOVEMENT. 1943-1944, 2 1/2 in. Publications, form letters, miscellaneous, and press clippings describing activities of the Movement, which agitated for a peace without victory to bring World War II to an early end. George W. Hartmann and Dorothy Hutchinson were the most active individuals. PEACE PATRIOTS. 1929-1931, 1/2 in. Petitions, form letters and other publications, and correspondence of Alice Thacher Post with William Floyd, the organizer of Peace Patriots. A naval construction holiday and the registration of individual refusal to participate in the war were the Patriots' goals. PEACE SOCIETY OF AMHERST COLLEGE, 1838-1839, 2 pieces. Printed addresses delivered at the annual Fourth of July meetings of the Society. PEACE SOCIETY OF EXETER, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 1830, 1 piece. One pamphlet, An Address Delivered before the Peace Society of Exeter, N.H. (at its annual meeting, April, 1830), by Oliver W.B. Peabody. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A 39 PEACE SOCIETY OF MAINE, 1824, 1826, 2 pieces. Two pamphlets: William Ladd's Address, delivered before the Society February 6, 1824; and The Rest of the Nations, a poem by Grenville Mellen "pronounced" before the Society May 10, 1826. The Maine Society was organized in 1817 and, guided by Ladd, was the first to approve Ladd's plan of forming the American Peace Society. (q.v.) PEACE SOCIETY OF WINDHAM COUNTY (Connecticut). 1828-1832, 4 pieces. Four pamphlets, including three printed addresses delivered before meetings of the Society, with "Extracts from the Second Annual Report," 1828, appended to one. Under the guidance of Samuel J. May, this was the real center of the Connecticut peace movement of that period. See: Connecticut Peace Society. PENNSYLVANIA ARBITRATION AND PEACE SOCIETY. 1908-1926, 2 in. Minutes, annual reports, financial statements, constitution and other publications ; and the correspondence (1914-1918) of William I. Hull with the Society. While strongly anti-war, the group became inactive with America's entry into World War I and led only a nominal existence until formal dissolution in 1926. PEOPLE'S COUNCIL OF AMERICA FOR DEMOCRACY AND PEACE. 1917-1919, 5 in. Minutes, form letters, and publications of the Council, of local branches, of the subsidiary People's Print, and of conferences called by the Council; also some correspondence of Emily Greene Balch, Mrs. James Warbasse, and William I. Hull with the Council, and a collection of newspaper clippings. Included is a complete series of its monthly Bulletin. By agitation for publicly announced peace terms during World War I, the Council aroused much opposition, and it was harassed by police and vigilantes. Its publications were confiscated and denied the mails, its meetings interrupted, and its meeting places closed. Scot Nearing, Judah Magnes, Emily G. Balch (q.v), Rebecca Shelley, and Henry W.L. Dana (q.v.) were vigorous leaders. PEOPLE's MANDATE TO END WAR. 1935-1947, 2 in. Progress reports, form letters, and publications of the Mandate campaign ; press clippings; and Hannah Clothier Hull's file of correspondence and other material dealing with the Mandate. Ten different variations of name appear in this two inches of material, the latest being People's Man- 40 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION date Committee for Inter-American Peace and Cooperation. Women's International League for Peace and Freedom helped to organize the Mandate campaigns, which were attempts to register, by petitions, mass demands that governments take steps to end war. Mabel Vernon has been the director from the time of organization. PEOPLE'S PROGRAM FOR PEACE. 1939, 1 piece. Number one of Searchlight on War Propaganda, a periodical. PHILADELPHIA COUNCIL FOR CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS, 1943-1947, 1/2 in. Form letters, leaflets, miscellanea, and a file of the PCCO Newsletter. This is a local service bureau for all kinds of CO problems - maintenance, vocational, financial, legal, and educational. PHILADELPHIA COUNCIL FOR WORLD PEACE. 1929, 2 pieces. Two handbill mass meeting announcements. PHILADELPHIA PEACE COUNCIL. 1925-1943, 1 in. Constitution, leaflets, form letters ; a file of the Bulletin (1925-1939, containing minutes) ; and the printed proceedings of a "conference on the reaching of history with a view to international understanding," which the Council sponsored in 1926. PHILADELPHIA YOUTH COUNCIL TO OPPOSE CONSCRIPTION. 1947, 1/4 in. Membership letters of the Council which was organized by the Philadelphia participants in the 1947 Break-with-Conscription demonstration. RATIONAL PATRIOT. 1917-1918, 1947, 1/4 in. An incomplete file (1917-1918) of The Rational Patriot, and a short typescript history (1947) by Devere Allen, the editor, of this Oberlin College peace periodical and of the little group that produced it and derived a group name from its title. RHODE ISLAND PEACE SOCIETY. 1819, 1838-1839, 1844, 4 items. Second report of the directors (1819) ; Charter and Constitution (1838) ; Christians Forbidden to Fight, an address by Edward B. Hall (1844) ; and a printed open letter expressing the views of the Society (1839). This society was dominantly Quaker, and its extensive publication program was financed by Moses Brown and Thomas Arnold. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A 41 SAINT PETERSBURG (Florida) COUNCIL AGAINST WAR. 1941, 3 pieces. Leaflets of a local council set up to oppose American entry into World War II. SAN ANTONIO (Texas) PEACE ASSOCIATION. 1932, 1 item. A propaganda postcard. SAN FRANCISCO (California) FEDERATED PEACE COMMITTEE . 1915, 2 items. Prospectuses of the International Peace Congress held in San Francisco in 1915, to which the Committee was host. SCHENECTADY (New York) PEACE SERVICE COUNCIL. 1938- 1941, 1/4 in. An incomplete file of Schenectady Peace Service Bulletin, the Council's periodical publication. SEATTLE (Washington) PEACE SOCIETY. 1927-1937, 1/2 in. Incomplete files of The Harmonist and The Challenge, two periodicals which Clarence Thwing produced for the Society. SOCIETY TO ELIMINATE ECONOMIC CAUSES OF WAR. 1915- 1928, 1/2 in. Incomplete file of the Society's Monthly Bulletin and a few miscellaneous publications. STUDENT PEACE SERVICE (of Chicago). 1940, 1 piece. One issue of The Peace Press, a periodical. EDWARD THOMAS and MARGARET LORING THOMAS. 1917- 1927, 3 in. Personal papers including (1) correspondence pertaining to the Thomas' work with the London (Quaker) Emergency Committee for the Assistance of Germans, Austrians and Hungarians in Distress, during World War I ; (2) correspondence created by their peace activities, particularly with the Peace Association of Friends ; and (3) miscellaneous pacifist material. JAMES L. TRYON. 1912, 2 in. Typescript copy of The Peace Movement in Europe ; Private Diary of an International Summer. Tryon's journal of a four-month tour of Europe, in the course of which he studied peace organizations and participated in the 17th Interparliamentary Conference and the 19th Universal Peace Congress, both at Geneva. 42 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION UNION FOR PEACE LEGISLATION. 1934, 1 piece. Political action memorandum for the 1934 congressional elections. UNITED MOTHERS WORLD PEACE MOVEMENT, INC. ca. 1940, 1 piece. One leaflet of a campaign to enlist mothers in an anti-war crusade, first organized in Portland, Oregon, by Caroline M. Stafford. UNITED NATIONS COUNCIL OF PHILADELPHIA. 1945-1947, 2 in. Form letters, reports, leaflets, scripts of Raymond Gram Swing's radio broadcasts, a file of the United Nations Councilor (periodical publication of the Philadelphia Council), and miscellanea. UNITED PEACE CHEST (of Philadelphia). 1937-1947, 1 1/2 ft. All non-current records; including minutes, correspondence, publicity material, financial reports, agreements with member agencies, and publications. Unite Peace Chest raises and disburses, in Philadelphia, and vicinity, money to carry on the local work of pacifist agencies. In 1946-47 the participating organizations were Fellowship of Reconciliation, Philadelphia branch; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, Pennsylvania branch; and National Council for Prevention of War. UNITED STUDENT PEACE COMMITTEE. ca. 1937, 2 pieces. A conference call and an action handbook of the Committee, which was composed of a score of national pacifist, religious, youth and inter-racial organizations. VERMONT PEACE CONVENTION. 1853, 1 piece. A plea for petitions to the President on behalf of international arbitration, inserted by the Convention's secretary in The Vermont Chronicle for July 5, 1853. VERMONT PEACE SOCIETY. VERMONT PEACE SOCIETY (I). 1818, 1 piece. "Proposed Constitution of the Vermont Peace Society, " the first society by that name, a clipping from the Vermont Journal for December 7, 1818. VERMONT PEACE SOCIETY (II). 1916, 1 piece. "Peace Society is organized here," from the Brattleboro Daily Reformer for September 20, 1916. It is possible that there were other revivals. WASHINGTON (D.C.) PEACE SOCIETY. 1912, 1 piece. Printed copy of an address delivered before the Society. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP A 43 WISCONSIN PEACE SOCIETY. 1912-1920, 2 in. Fragments of correspondence, the treasurer's records, card file of members, form letters, and publications of this affiliate of American Peace Society. WOMEN'S COMMITTEE FOR WORLD DISARMAMENT. 1921-1922, 6 pieces. Form letters and a leaflet of the Committee which was one of the temporary organizations in support of the Washington Naval Conference. Emma Wold was chairman. WOMEN'S PEACE SOCIETY. 1919-1930, 4 1/2 in. A few minutes, leaflets and other printed publications, and correspondence of Elinor Byrns, vice-chairman, and Jessie Hardy MacKaye, legislative chairman. Fanny Garrison Villard and Elinor Byrns were the leaders of the group that, in 1919, resigned from the executive committee of the New York state Women's International League and formed Women's Peace Society. Belief in non-resistance and opposition to war was a prerequisite of membership in the new group. See: Women's Peace Union; and Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. WORLD CITIZENS ASSOCIATION. 1939-1947, 3 in. Publications, both informative and organizational, all aimed at developing a consciousness of international citizenship and loyalty. WORLD CONFERENCE FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE THROUGH RELIGION. 1931-1932, 2 pieces. Proceedings of a meeting in Geneva, Switzerland, 1931, of the executive committee of the Conference; and a pamphlet Study Outline based on "The Causes of War." WORLD FEDERALISTS, U.S.A. 1946-1947, 1/4 in. Form letters and publications of the group which subtitles itself "a consolidation of federal world government organizations." WORLD GOVERNMENT ASSOCIATION. 1945-1947, 1/4 in. Press releases and newsletters. The Association emphasizes its internationally and inter-racially representative membership and control. WORLD PEACE ASSOCIATION. 1918-1941, 1/4 in. Publications of Carl A. Ryan of Jenkins, Minnesota, and his World Peace Association, which he founded in 1915 and since has managed. 44 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION WORLD PEACE FEDERATION. ca. 1935-1937, 4 pieces. Promotional material of the Federation and its "Campaign for 1,000,000 peace signatures on Armistice Day (1935)." Francis Lederer, motion picture actor, was the founder. WORLD PEACE UNION. 1946-1947, 1/4 in. Publications of the Union, organized by Frederick Oliver Haines and apparently philosophically indebted to the Bahai movement. WORLD PEACEWAYS, INC. 1931-1946, 3 1/2 in. A few minutes and reports of World Peaceways and its predecessor, World Peace Posters, Inc. ; and promotional and propaganda material in many media, including from letters, posters, stamps, leaflets, pamphlets, offprints, tearsheets, radio scripts, petitions, postcards, and the following periodicals: Peaceways Forum, Monthly Bulletin, Information Service, and Neutral World. World Peaceways was organized to bring the techniques of commercial advertising to the problem of promoting peace and was popularly associated with its striking magazine advertisements and with Bruce Barton. WORLD'S COURT LEAGUE. 1915-1916, 1/4 in. Scattered minutes of the League's governors, executive committee, publication committee, and finance committee. The leaders were men of wealth and prominence, and the League gathered those who favored a purely judicial court, without powers to enforce opinions. YOUNG DEMOCRACY. 1919-1923, 1/2 in. Miscellaneous publications, including an incomplete file of the periodical, Young Democracy (1919-1920) ; and publications of the Philadelphia branch, including the proposed constitution and a printed brief submitted in a "freedom of assembly" case. Young Democracy was an organization of pacifists and radicals set up after World War I to try and achieve some of the aims for which liberals had been urged to support the war. Devere Allen and Ray Newton were leaders. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP B Documents of peace organizations and individuals in countries other than the United States are here included. In addition to the particular papers described, the SCPC also has miscellaneous peace material from 31 countries, usually in the national language but sometimes in English, and dating from as early as 1865. The English versions of the names of national peace organizations are printed when such translations have been discovered in their own literature. ARGENTINA ASOCIACION PACIFISTA ARGENTINA. 1946, 2 pieces. Also its monthly periodical, Pacifismo, in Spanish. AUSTRALIA AUSTRALIAN FREEDOM LEAGUE. 1912-1915, 1/2 in. Organized May 1912 to oppose compulsory military training. Booklets, leaflets, typescript. CHRISTIAN PACIFIST MOVEMENT. 1939-1946, 6 pieces. Organized March 1939. Reports, leaflets, booklets. FEDERAL PACIFIST COUNCIL. 1940-1946, 4 in. Organized in 1939. Miscellaneous leaflets, scattered issues of Monthly Newssheet, mimeographed and complete series of The Peacemaker, a monthly newspaper, 1939-1947. PEACE SOCIETY, NEW SOUTH WALES BRANCH. 1908-1926, 1 in. Organized in 1907 and affiliated with The Peace Society, London. Twelve Annual Reports. PAN-PACIFIC WOMEN'S CONFERENCE, AUSTRALIAN DELEGATION. 1930, 1934, 1937, 4 in. Printed reports. WORLD DISARMAMENT MOVEMENT. 1928-1934, 1/2 in. Miscellanea, including a photograph of a poster exhibit. 45 46 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION AUSTRIA ALFRED H. FRIED. 1913-1927, 1/2 in. Material by and about Alfred H. Fried (1864-1921). JOINT PEACE COUNCIL OF AUSTRIA. 1930-1932, 1/2 in. Group statements. OSTERREICHISCHE FRIEDENSGESELLSCHAFT. 1897-1937, 1/2 in. (AUSTRIAN PEACE SOCIETY.) Founded by Baroness Bertha von Suttner (1843-1914). Miscellanea including 1899 Jahrbuch. PAN-EUROPA UNION. 1924. 1/4 in. Clippings of newspaper articles by R. N. Coudenhove-Kalergi, in German. TOLSTOIBUND. (1921-1939), 6 pieces. Publication of an international group of young people who collected and studied the life and works of Tolstoi. [Their collection of some 400 rare Tolstoi items, with catalog, packed for shipment to SCPC, Swarthmore, was apparently destroyed during Allied bombing in Vienna, World War II.] BELGIUM UNION DES ASSOCIATIONS INTERNATIONALES. 1926-1946, 1 in. Founded in 1910 by M. Paul Otlet (1868-1944) and M. Henri La Fontaine (1853-1943). Bulletins in French. BRAZIL VINCULO INTERNACIONAL DE AMIZADE. 1933-1939, 2 in. Gummed peace seals and leaflets, and a monthly bulletin, Elo Fraternal, in Portuguese, Esperanto, and English, in complete series. BULGARIA JENNY BOJILOWA PATEWA. 1932-1946, 3 in. Pamphlets, leaflets, and books written by her, in Bulgarian. TOLSTOI MATERIAL. 1928-1935, 2 in. Books and pamphlets about him, in English and Bulgarian. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP B 47 CANADA CATHOLIC PACIFISTS' ASSOCIATION. 1940-1947, 1/2 in. Pamphlets in French and English ; also the periodical, Catholic Peacemakers' Action. CHILE CIRCULO PRO-PAZ Y DE COOEPERACION. 1945, 3 pieces. Printed reports of activities. In Spanish. COSTA RICA CONFERENCIA DEL CARIBE. 1932, 3 pieces. DENMARK ALDRIG MERE KRIG. 1937-1947, 5 in. This is the Danish Branch of the War Resisters International. Founded in 1926, it continued activity throughout the German occupation in World War II. Included are copies of its monthly paper called Aldrig Mere Krig and from 1946 Pacifisten. DANSK FREDSFORENING. 1915-1947, 1 in. This first Scandinavian peace society was founded in Denmark December 1, 1882. Frederick Bajer was its leader. Of its monthly paper Freds-Bladet, published for 56 years without interruption - even during World War II - SCPC has a few scattered issues for 1915 and 1946-1947. ENGLAND ANTI-SLAVERY AND ABORIGINES PROTECTION SOCIETY. 1825-1947, 1 1/2 ft. Copies of a quarterly bulletin, The Reporter, issued by an organization originally devoted exclusively to abolition of slavery, now interested also in the broader modern implications of imperialism, colonies, mandates, exploitation of primitive peoples, and power politics. Series fairly complete, with one issue of 1825. DUKE OF BEDFORD. (William Sackville Hastings) 1940-1947, 3 in. Pamphlets on various subjects concerning peace, conscription, and militarism, written by a pacifist member of the House of Lords. 48 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION CENTRAL BOARD FOR CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS. 1939-1946, 1 ft. Information with facts and figures concerning the National Service Act of England and its implications for men and women opposed to the war. Included are CBCO Bulletin, nos. 1-81 complete, and CBCO Broadsheet, monthly, 1941-1944, complete. CHRISTIAN PACIFIST FORESTRY AND LAND UNITS. 1940-1947, 2 in. Publications for the members, C.P. Units News Letter, and C.P. Units Monthly. EMBASSIES OF RECONCILIATION. 1936-1941, 2 in. Pamphlets and mimeographed reports by George Lansbury, Percy Bartlett, J. Nevin Sayre and others of the Fellowship of Reconciliation (q.v) who made constant efforts to interview and understand the most important national leaders of the pre-war years. FELLOWSHIP OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS. 1940-1945, 2 in. Pamphlets; and bulletin, The Tribunal, of which the series is complete with exception of v.1 no. 1. See: No Conscription Fellowship. FRIENDS RELIEF COMMITTEES. 1914-1947, 3 ft. Friends' work in England (which has paralleled, since 1914, the relief and anti-war activities of Friends in the United States under the name of the American Friends Service Committee) took place under the direction of committees of varying names. Some issued news letters to members only, some published regular bulletins, others carried on widespread publicity appeals for money to help with relief in different parts of the world. The SCPC has papers from the following, together with published bulletins. Friends Ambulance Unit, 1914-1915. Friends Ambulance Unit, 1940-1946. Included is a complete file of the FAU Chronicle, showing the activities of an international group of young men and women doing service in England, Finland, North Africa, India, China, and in prison in Germany. Friends Emergency Committee for the Assistance of the Germans, Austrians, and Hungarians in Distress, 1916-1921. Friends Service Committee, 1915-1918. Friends Service Council, 1919-1946. (Friends Council for International Service.) Friends Relief Service, 1940-1947. Friends War Victims Relief Committee, 1914-1921. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP B 49 A. RUTH FRY. 1937-1947, 1 ft. Leaflets, pamphlets, books, on a great variety of subjects from atoms to sanctions and Russia. Some are reprints of magazine articles, others are printed speeches by this prominent Quaker leader. INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION LEAGUE. 1882-1917, 1 ft. Miscellaneous literature, including copies of The Arbitrator in complete series, Nos. 335-680 (1905-1947), a quarterly, published by an organization founded in 1870 by William Randal Cremer. INTERNATIONAL VOLUNTARY SERVICE FOR PEACE. 1935-1947, 2 in. Scattered announcements and reports of the English branch of an international work group founded in Switzerland by Pierre Cérésole, including incomplete series of its bulletin, IVSP, nos. 1-36 (1934-1947). LABOUR PACIFIST FELLOWSHIP. 1940-1947, 2 in. Printed pamphlets and mimeographed bulletins issued by a pacifist group in the Labour Party. LEAGUE OF LIBERALS AGAINST AGGRESSION AND MILITARISM. 1901-1903, 1 in. Literature of an organization whose members campaigned actively against war with the Boers in South Africa, and whose attitude in England was similar to that of the Anti-Imperialist League of the United States, which opposed the war with Spain. Filed with these papers are pamphlets of related groups interested in friendship and relief for the Boers. LIVERPOOL PEACE SOCIETY. 1897-1915, 1 in. A few annual reports of a group which, during most of its lifetime, was a local branch of the London Peace Society and whose minute books as early as 1840 may be found in the Picton Reference Library, Liverpool. NO CONSCRIPTION FELLOWSHIP. 1914-1919, 4 in. Papers of a group active in World War I and which furnished accurate information on legal phases of the conscription act. Included is a series of The Tribunal, 1916-1920, complete. Some of the leaders of this group took an active part in the Fellowship of Conscientious Objectors (q.v.) in World War II. NO MORE WAR MOVEMENT. 1922-1933, 8 in. Pamphlets, leaflets, and Annual Report for 1927-1928 of a group which continued the absolute pacifist attitudes developed during World War I. Included are incomplete series of the monthly No More War and its successor New World. 50 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION PACIFIST SERVICE UNITS. 1942-1947, 2 in. Books, pamphlets, and informational material about a group of conscientious objectors who carried on social service activities during air-raids and continued with after-war work among underprivileged families. Included is a complete series of the P.S.U. Newsletter, 1940-1946. PEACE ARMY. 1932-1940, 2 in. Printed leaflets and mimeographed letters of a group organized, with A. Maude Royden as president, to work as aggressively for peace as soldiers work for war. PEACE BOOK CLUB. 1939, 5 in. Advertising material and a Spring List from a company which planned to publish and sell exclusively books on peace. Included are a few copies, Nos. 9, 10, 11, 13, of the monthly Peace Book News, and a series of 8 volumes of Peace Classics. CAROLINE E. PLAYNE. 1914-1920, 1 ft. Clippings and small leaflets, many bearing handwritten personal comments, including items on conscription and fate of conscientious objectors in World War I; also five of her published books. France ASSOCIATION MÉDICALE INTERNATIONALE POUR AIDER A LA SUPPRESSION DE LA GUERRE, 1913, 2 pieces. COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL DE COORDINATION ET D'INFORMATION. 1937-1938, 2 in. COMITÉ MONDIAL CONTRE LA GUERRE ET LE FASCISME. 1936-1939, 2 in. CONGRÉS DÉMOCRATIQUE INTERNATIONAL POUR LA PAIX. 1921-1936, 2 in. Leaflets of 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 9th Congresses. GROUP D'ÉTUDES POSITIVISTES. 1932, 1/2 in. GROUPEMENT PACIFISTE INTERNATIONAL. 1937, 2 pieces. LIGUE DES DROITS DE L'HOMME ET DU CITOYEN. 1916-1917, 2 in. LIGUE DES FEMMES CONTRE LA GUERRE. 1921-1922, 1/2 in. LIGUE ROUENNAISE DE LA PAIX. 1901, 1 piece. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP B 51 LA PÁIX PAR LE DROIT and ASSOCIATION DES JEUNES AMIS DE LA PAIX. 1889-1895, 8 in. Almanach de la Paix, 1889-1917, 29 issues, and pamphlets. SOCIÉTÉ D'ÉTUDES ET DE CORRESPONDENCE INTERNATIONALES, 1901-1906, 1/2 in. Founded 1895. Published periodical Concordia in various languages. SOCIÉTÉ CHRÉTIENNE DES AMIS DE LA PAIX, 1899-1905, 1/2 in. SOCIÉTÉS FRANÇAISES DE LA PAIX. 1911-1926, 1 in. Preliminary leaflets about various congresses. UNION INTERNATIONALE DES PACIFISTES PATRIOTES. 1934, 1/2 in. UNION PATRIOTIQUE DE FRANCE POUR LA PACIFICATION DE L'EUROPE ET LE DÉSARMAMENT. 1900-1902. 1/2 in. Germany DEUTSCHE FRIEDENSGESELLSCHAFT, 1910-1947, 1 ft. (THE GERMAN PEACE SOCIETY.) Booklets, leaflets, posters, clippings, correspondence, by and about Prof. Ludwig Quidde, president until his death, March 8, 1941, while an exile in Geneva. [In 1933 the German Gestapo confiscated from his home, Gedonstrasse 4, Munich, all material it could find bearing on the subject of peace. Prof. Quidde had previously sent his books to the League of Nations Library in Geneva. In 1936 he tried to send to the same place all his remaining papers, but the Gestapo intercepted these at the railway depot. He presented this material to the SCPC in a written declaration dated August 14, 1937, to Ellen Starr Brinton, who endeavored with the help of American Consul in Munich and the American Embassy in Berlin to secure immediate possession of them. Interviews with the Gestapo officials in charge of prosecution of pacifists brought only vague promises of inquiry and finally a message, in 1939, that the Quidde papers were considered records of criminal activities and therefore could not be released. Prof. Quidde, a Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1927, described the confiscated papers as a record of the German Peace movement for 40 years. Search was started for the collection immediately at the end of World War II in Europe, and is still in the hands of the Restitution Branch of the U.S. Office Military Government.] [left page] 52 Swarthmore College Peace Collection Deutche Liga Fur Menschenrechte. 1924-1932, 2 in. Pamphlets and leaflets in print and typescript, all in German, including three copies of its Flugsschriften, nos. 11, 29-30, 31, and a few issues of Die Menschenrechte, the monthly bulletin of the Deutsche Liga fur Menschenrecte. The group was founded autumn as Bund Neues Vaterland. Otto Lehmann-Russbuldt was secretary. Internationales Anti-Kriegsmuseum. 1924-1935, 6 in. Books, postcard pictures, posters, advertising an international anti-war museum conducted by Ernst Friedrich at Parochialstrasse 29, Berlin C.2, until closed by the Hitler regime. Count Harry Kessler. 1929, 3 pieces. Speeches and a resolution by Count Harry Kessler, a prominent German Catholic pacifist, in German and English. Kathe Kollwitz. 1920-1940, 1 in. Reproductions of her anti-war sketches from various sources, but chiefly illustrated booklets issued by the German section of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Elisabeth Rotten. 1920-1926, 1 in. Pamphlets and an autographed typescript manuscript, all in German. Verband Fur Internationale Verstandigung. 1907-1915, 2 in. Publications of the German Committee for International Conciliation, printed in Berlin and Stuttgart, in German. Hungary Count Albert Apponyi. 1911, 1 in. Articles and lectures, printed in French and English. Father Sandor Giesswein. 1918, 1 in. President of the Hungarian Peace Society, 1908-(?). Three copies of his monthly paper Nemzetkozi Elet, in Hungarian. International Women's Week in Budapest. 1937, 1/2 in. Miscellaneous program material. [right page] Collective Document Group B 53 India All-India Women's Conferences, All Asian Women's Conference. 1929-1939, 11 in. Also other Indian National Conference material, mostly reports, and printed addresses in English. Mohandas K. Gandhi. 1920-1944, 4 ft. Articles by and about Gandhi, mostly in pamphlet form, printed in English. Also Young India, complete excerpt for 2 issues 1928-1932, and Harijan, 1933-1947, nearly complete. Both weekly papers carry many articles and editorials by Gandhi. Much of this material was collected by Richard B. Gregg and was presented by him to the SCPC. It includes seven signed letters from Gandhi to Gregg. Rabindranath Tagore. 1927-1930, 6 in. Printed and mimeographed material by and about Tagore, including copies of Visva-Bharati Quarterly and reports of scattered dates and numbers, also printed finance reports of the Visva-Bharati University and related institutions. In English. Italy Societa Internazionale Per La Pact — Unione Lombarda, 1984-1933, 2 ft. Fragmentary printed matter, and copies of La Vita Internazionale, a monthly periodical, edited by E. T. Moneta, Milan, in complete series, 1902-1933. Japan American Peace Society of Japan. 1911-1923, 4 in. Pamphlets, and monthly bulletin issues 1913-1919, in Japanese and English. Organized by Americans living in Japan. Gillbert Bowles was secretary. Toyohiko Kagawa. 1932-1937, 2 in. Publications by and about Kawaga, in English. 54 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION NETHERLANDS ALGEMEENE NEDERLANDSCHE BOND "VREDE DOOR RECHT." 1912-1915, 1 in. (Dutch Peace Society, "Vrede Door Recht.") Printed appeals to several U.S. peace corps groups urging cooperative efforts towards interesting the neutral nations of Europe in making a joint offer of mediation to bring peace between the warring nations. Founded in 1871. Included are two copies of its Orgaan, nos. 5, 6, 1914. See: American Neutral Conference Committee; Neutral Conference for Continuous Meditation. ALGEMENE NEDERLANDSE VREDES ACTIE. 1946, 1/2 in. Printed and mimeographed sheets, by Dr. J. B. Th. Hugenholtz, Ammerstol, secretary. COMITÉ "DE EUROPEESCHE STATENBOND." 1913-1915, 1in. (Dutch Committee, "The European Federation.") A series of numbered pamphlets, incomplete, in Dutch, German and English, advocating European federation. FOUNDATION OF INTERNATIONALISM. 1907, 1/2 in. Illustrated pamphlets, an appeal letter, and a list of European members of a committee interested in building a world capital at The Hague. In English. INTERNATIONALER ANTI-MILITARISTISCHER VEREIN (I.A.M.V). 1921-1940, 6 in. (International Anti-Military Bureau (I.A.M.B).) Pamphlets, bulletins, in English, Dutch, German, French, including scattered issues of its monthly paper, De Wapens Neder (first published November 1904), 1926-1940. KERKE EN VREDE, 1928-1947, 1 ft. (Ministers International Peace Union.) Pamphlets, congress reports (1928, 1931, 1937), and typescript letters in English, Dutch and German. Also posters. Included are scattered issues of the monthly paper Kerke en Vrede, 1928-1941, and a complete file of Militia Christie, started December 1945. NATIONAL VREDES ACTIE (Ammerstol). 1932-1936, 1 in. Illustrated postcards, and pamphlets in English and Dutch. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP B 55 NEDERLANDISCHE ANTI-OORLOG RAAD. 1914-1918, 4 in. (Dutch Anti-War Council.) Booklets, pamphlets, leaflets, in print and typescript, mostly in English. The activities centered chiefly around plans to stop World War I and around the peace settlements. The secretary was B. de Jong Van Beek en Donk. SOCIETY "SI VIS PACEM, PARA PACEM." 1914-1915, 1 in. Printed leaflets in English, Dutch and German. VROUWEN VREDEGANG. 1935-1938, 1 in (The Womens Peace Procession) Posters, leaflets, mimeographed letters, gummed stickers, announcing plans for annual processions of women. In a hundred or more towns the women gathered and walked behind peace banners, finally meeting at the Peace Palace, The Hague. The movement started in 1933. In English, Dutch, and German. WORLD YOUTH PEACE CONGRESS (HOLLAND). 1928, 2 in. Printed and mimeographed preliminary announcements, minutes, and later summaries by various attenders. Also a printed book, 114 pages, by Joseph b. Matthews, giving a full report, including a list of the American delegates. NETHERLANDS EAST INDIES NEDERLANDS-INDISCHE VREDES-FEDERARTIE. 1936-1940, 2 in. Pamphlets, leaflets , illustrated envelopes and folders, news sheets, much of it designed for promotion of international friendship among children. All in Dutch. Active leaders were J. van Hinte and E. S. van Hinte-Zandvliet, of Meester-Cornelis, until Japanese invasion cut off the work. NEW ZEALAND NEW ZEALAND CHRISTIAN PACIFIST SOCIETY (Wellington). 1939-1947, 5 in. Printed leaflets, and mimeographed newsletters to members, mostly concerning conscientious objectors and their fate in and out of prison. The active leaders were Rev. O. E. Burton, chairman, and A. C. Barrington, secretary, and their correspondence describes the difficulties under which they worked under war-time restrictions and censorship. They also issued 56 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION at frequent intervals a mimeographed sheet called the Fellowship of COs Newsletter, of which the SCPC has nos. 13-39 (1943-19467) complete. In October 1945 the Society started a regular monthly paper under the name The New Zealand Christian Pacifist. NATIONAL PEACE COUNCIL (Christchurch). 1934-1941, 1 in. Chief activity was the publishing of the Peace Record, a monthly four-page leaflet, of which SCPC has almost a complete series from v.1 No. 1, January 1934, to February 1941. Poland SOCIÉTÉ POLONAISE DES AMIS DE LA PAIX. 1924-1927, 2 in. Mostly pamphlets in French and Polish, written by the president, Dr. J. Polak, including A Short Contribution to the History of Pacifism in Poland, 1928, in English. Roumania EUGEN RELGIS, 1914-1947, 18 in. Printed matter by and about an outstanding pacifist of Eastern Europe, including essays, poems, travel accounts, all directed toward friendly understanding between peoples and abolition of war. In French, Roumanian and Esperanto. Scotland GUY A. ALDRED. 1939-1947, 3 in. Various pamphlets by him, including his paper The Word, a monthly, illustrated paper containing articles also by the Duke of Bedford, which series is complete from August 1944 to 1947. South Africa CONSTRUCTIVE PEACE GROUP (Capetown). 1940, 1 in. SOUTH AFRICAN YOUTH MOVEMENT (Pretoria). 1934-1938, 1/4 in. Sweden FÖRBUNDET FÖR KRISTET SAMHÄLLSLIV. 1931-1946, 1 ft. Included is the periodical Kristet Samhällsiv, v.1-25, 1920-1941, and v.26-28, 1945-1947, complete. In Swedish. COLLECTIVE DOCUMENT GROUP B 57 NEUTRAL CONFERENCE FOR CONTINUOUS MEDIATION. 1916, 2 in. Papers issued by the Ford Peace Ship Expedition, convened at Stockholm. Louis P. Lochner, general secretary. In French, English, and Esperanto. See: American Neutral Conference Committee. Switzerland CONSEIL SUISSE DES ASSOCIATIONS POUR LA PAIX. 1946, 1 in. (Swiss Peace Council.) Announcement of its formation, December 2, 1945 in Berne, with list of member agencies and objectives and plan of work. Mimeographed and printed in French with a few items in English. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF PEACE WORKERS (Geneva). 1946, 1 in. Preliminary plans and announcements and program of a conference of selected peace representatives from twelve countries. Mostly in French. INTERNATIONAL CONSULTATIVE GROUP. 1932-1940, 2 in. Mimeographed and printed items from a committee of international organizations in Geneva, sponsored by the Quaker International Center and largely led by Bertram Pickard. Included are copies of a book, Vox Populi, presented to the delegates of the Disarmament Conference 1932. PEACE AND DISARMAMENT COMMITTEE OF THE WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. 1931-1940, 1 1/2 ft. Press releases, papers on special subjects, reports of meetings, some in numbered series, covering the joint activities of 17 women's groups, most of them with offices in Geneva. Mary Dingman of the YWCA was chairman. The groups started in preparation for the Disarmament Conference in 1932 and continued until the outbreak of World War II. RASSEMBLEMENT UNIVERSEL POUR LA PAIX. 1935-1947, 10 in. (International Peace Campaign.) Programs, handbooks, announcements, and reports of various international congresses; and correspondence (1936-1937) of E. Raymond Wilson of the American Friends Service Committee, Philadelphia, with 58 SWARTHMORE COLLEGE PEACE COLLECTION various persons about its policies and platform. Gathered here also are scattered items of this international body, showing the activities of various local affiliated groups in Australia, Egypt, Great Britain, Belgium, France, Netherlands, South Africa and the United States. SCHWEIZERISCHE ZENTRALSTELLE FÜR FRIEDENSARBEIT. 1932-1947, 4 in. Publications from a central peace center operated from the home of Leonard and Clara Ragaz, Zurich. Pamphlets, leaflets, gummed seals, and other items with price lists dated 1937. SERVICE CIVIL INTERNATIONAL. 1923-1947, 1 ft. (International Voluntary Service for Peace.) Appeals for workers and reports of activities from a group organized by Pierre Cérésole to do emergency relief on an international and interracial basis, and also as alternative service in place of military conscription. In French, German, Esperanto and English. The periodical Le Service Civil, 1935-1947, monthly, is complete. SOCIETY OF FRIENDS. 1926-1946, 1 in. Printed and mimeographed material describing the services and activities of the Quaker International Center in Geneva. A booklet, 1926, lists international organizations active in Geneva at that date. WORLD UNION OF WOMEN FOR INTERNATIONAL CONCORD. 1915-1946, 4 in. Publications in French and English of the group organized in Geneva, February 9, 1915, by Mrs. Clara Guthrie d'Arcis. Included are illustrated postcards, pamphlets, and annual newspapers published to celebrate May 18 as World Goodwill Day. Uruguay FRATERNIDAD DE RECONCILIACION Y PAZ, JUNTA CONTINENTAL PARA LA AMERICA LATINA. 1944-1947, 3 in. (Fellowship of Reconciliation, Continental Committee for Latin America.) The monthly periodical Reconciliacion is included, complete series, 1944-1947. Collective Document Group C In addition to the documents of organizations and individuals primarily concerned with peace, two other types of material have come to Swarthmore: 1. publications from non-peace organizations on topics of interest to and closely related to the peace movement. 2. publications, from various sources, concerning conflicts between races, classes, religious, political, or cultural minority groups. Some of these papers deal with highly controversial issues which attracted international attention, as for instance, the Sacco-Vanzetti case; the Scottsboro boys; anti-fascist campaigns in Italy, Germany and Spain; appeals of minorities in Poland, Transylvania, Lithuania, and Ukraine; questions of the future of Trieste, Dalmatia, and Danzig; radical political groups, etc., etc. Others are useful publications from such widely scattered organizations as the International Council of Women, International Federation of Trade Unions, cooperative movement, Socialist Party, Rotary, YMCA, YWCA, and the American anti-imperialist groups organized as a protest to the Spanish-American war. Most of these items have come from reference libraries of active peace leaders and peace organizations. Much of it is of an ephemeral nature and almost impossible to secure except when currently circulated. The SCPC feels its preservation is, therefore, desirable for future research purposes. It is regretted that lack of space in this Guide prevents any detailed descriptions beyond the note that such scattered items are on file from 180 organizations in the United States, and from other groups in ten countries, in various languages. 59 [left page] Special Collections These collections contain peace material grouped by subject or form, rather than source or organizational imprint, as is the case with the documents described in other sections of this Guide. Most of this material came as gifts from reference libraries of prominent peace leaders or peace organizations. Attacks on the Peace Movement. 1920-1939, 6 ft. Books, pamphlets, mimeographed material accusing the peace movement and its leaders of being "unpatriotic, subversive, dangerous enemies," much of the material originating from members of the American Legion, Daughters of the American Revolution, U.S. Navy and Army. Books. 1642-1947, 400 ft. A highly specialized collection of books and pamphlets on arbitration, conscientious objectors, disarmament, civil liberties, causes of war, results of war, religion and war, conscription, minorities, race problems, international relations, women and peace, non-violent techniques, world government. Separately shelved is a series on military training, militarism in education, arguments for national defense, and war preparation, mostly collected by the Committee on Militarism in Education (New York). Also a collection of U.S. Congressional documents dealing with legislation of particular concern to peace leaders and peace groups during the 19th and 20th centuries. Cartoons. 1918-1939, 2 ft. Drawings and sketches reproduced in pamphlets or periodicals and sometimes collected in special books, showing the humor and tragedy of war, by artists such as Cyrus Baldridge, Art Young, Boardman Robinson, Russell O. Berg (U.S.); Honore Daumier and Frans Masereel (France); Imre Perely (Hungary); G. Zilzer (Hungary and U.S.); Kathe Kollwitz, Willibald Krain, George Grosz (Germany); Arthur Wragg (England); J. Gabriele, Arthur Stadler, Louis Raemaekers (Netherlands). Cartoons from contemporary newspapers and magazines have been clipped and saved by various peace groups, notably the National Council for Prevention of War and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, U.S. Section, and will be found among their papers. 60 [right page] Special Collections 61 Church and Religious Peace Material. 1975-1947, 15 ft. Statements, pronouncements, decisions, educational and propaganda material of the three historic peace churches, Friends, Brethren and Mennonites; and other religious groups including the thirty-three U.S. national church bodies which cooperated during World War II with the National Service Board for Religious Objectors. Included are books, records, papers of the Rogerenes, a pacifist religious group which originated in Connecticut in 1675, and, during the period of religious persecution in New England in the 17th and 18th centuries, carried on an aggressive campaign against any limitation of freedom of worship and freedom of conscience. This material was gathered by Ellen Starr Brinton in preparation for her monograph, "The Rogerenes" (reprinted from New England Quarterly v.16 no. 1, March 1943) and her bibliography of "Books By and About the Rogerenes," (reprinted from the Bulletin of the New York Public Library, September 1945). See: Connecticut Peace Society II. International Languages. 1877-1947, 2 ft. Handbooks on various artificial languages (Alwato, Volapuk, Ido, Esperantido, Esperanto) collected by Mrs. Louis F. Post (Alice Thacher Post), Washington D. C., about 1924, some autographed by the authors. Also anti-war material in Esperanto from Netherlands, Sweden, New Belgium, United States, including files of Mondi Linguo, Mexico 1938-1947, nos. 6-44 complete; Monda Bonvol-Servo, Canada 1944-1947 incomplete; Kvakera Esperanto-Service 1932-1947 complete; Cosmoglotta, Switzerland, organ of the Occidental Union 1946-1947; Pacifist-Esperantist Bulletin 1944-1946 complete. Miscellaneous Subject File. 1900-1947, 35 ft. Pamphlets, leaflets, clippings, manuscripts, printed, mimeographed, typed and written, from many sources and by various authors on topics of particular interest to peace groups and to which they gave much attention and publicity. Arranged alphabetically by subject with typed finding list. Subjects of importance on which there is some quantity of material are: anti-semitism, birth control and peace, civil liberties, conscientious objectors, cost of war, conscription, disarmament, education and peace material for special holidays, international peace gardens, problems of Japanese residents in United States in Canada, expose of munitions industry, opium, peace poems and songs, imperialism, psychology and peace, race problems, refugees, Spanish Civil War, women and peace. 62 Swarthmore College Peace Collection Peace Plays. 1912-1940, 3 ft. Issued by authors, peace organizations, commercial publishers, in both printed and mimeographed form, published mostly in the U.S., but some from England. A few are in French and Dutch. About 300 titles, about one-fourth of which were planned for young children. Arranged alpha- betically by first letter in title. Most of these originated and were in active use in the 1920-1940 period. Also lists of anti-war plays from several sources in England and U.S., including carefully edited series issued by the Federal Theatre Project of the Works Progress Administration, 1937. Peace Posters. 1892-1947, about 1000. Proclamations, announcements of meetings, public appeals, in picture or type form, from 10 countries in French, English, German, Danish and Japanese. Most of them were issued by the Peace Pledge Union or the Friends peace societies of England, and various national branches of the Women's Internation League for Peace and Freedom, or the League of Nations Association. Included are original full-size billboard sheets of the Emergency Peace Campaign (U.S.A 1937) and the disarmament campaign in France, 1932, with designs by noted artists such as Jean Carlu. Peace Seals, Stamps, Illustrated Covers. 1842-1946. Three collections of extremely rare and unique items gathered together by Ellen Starr Brinton. (1) Propaganda seals and stickers. Gummed for use on envelopes, start- ing with three anti-slavery seals used on letters in 1842, and an anti-war seal used on a letter by Elihu Burritt dates 1850. A total of about 300 designs from 13 countries, most of them with pictures in color, many of them issued officially by peace groups. Also another series on related topics such as civil liberties, freedom of speech, minorities, refugees, boycotts, labor, etc. (2) Illustrated covers. 80 designs from 14 countries, some of them designed and used by Elihu Burritt, Hannah J. Bailey (WCTU) Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, Nederlands-Indische Vredes- Federatie, War Resisters League. (3) Postage Stamps with peace symbols from 40 countries, about 300 varieties, with special series on Disarmament Conference 1932, International Plebiscites, 1920-1934, League of Nations, 1922-1937, International Labor Office, 1923-1937, Balkan Peace Conference, 1937. Special Collections 63 Periodicals. 1815-1947, 150 ft. In addition to the periodicals and bulletins heretofore listed under the name of the particular group, the SCPC has a large collection of serials in 18 languages from 28 countries, approximately 600 titles, of which 150 are currently received. Many of them are sponsored by peace committees, but some have been privately managed and personally financed by the editor. Many of these are not available in any other library. Copies have been obtained from individuals, organizations' files, book dealers. In only a few instances are the various series complete. Constant efforts are made to secure missing issues, and anyone holding a supply of peace papers is urged to communicate with the SCPC. Supplementary is a section of about 25 titles of special propaganda bulletins issued by private or public groups interested in national, minority, or race questions. West's Peace Treaty Paintings and It's Derivatives. 1775-1946, about 100 items. Prints, lithographs, drawings, on paper, linen, china, metal and other materials showing the Benjamin West painting (1773) in many variations. These items were acquired by Ellen Starr Brinton in preparation for her monograph "Benjamin West's Paintings of Penn's Treaty with the In- dians," offprint from Bulletin of the Friends Historical Association, v. 30, pp. 90-189 (Autumn 1941). Youth Peace Material. 1917-1947, 6 ft. Announcements of local meetings and world youth congresses; bulletins and newsletters, pamphlets and handbooks, written by and for young people of all races, class, creeds and nationalities. Included are incomplete series of some U.S. student sponsored maga- zines. War?, issued by Collegiate Anti-Militarism League 1915-1917; Young Democracy 1918-1919; The Intercollegiate Socialist 1914-1918; Annual Reports and other papers of the Intercollegiate Peace Association, Yellow Springs, Ohio, 1910-1946, The New Student 1922-1927; Bulletins of Nation Student Federation of America, and a Directory of youth organizations prepared by the National Youth Administration (NYA) of New York City. In another series are publications from several international groups with headquarters at Geneva, Paris, London, and reports of various youth con- gresses. Also material from national youth organizations in various coun- tries: Austria, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, New Zealand, South America. In English as well as the language of the country. INDEX Abbott, Edith, 20 Abbott, Grace, 11 Absolutist War Objectors Association, 25 Absolutist, 25 Acorn, 11 Addams, Jane, 7, 9, 11, 14, 23, 24, 29, 31, 36 Address Delivered before the Peace Society of Exeter, N. H., 38 Advocate of Peace, 10 Advocate of Peace and Christian Patriot, 19 Aldred, Guy A., 56 Aldrig Mere Krig, 47 Aldrig Mere Krig, 47 Algemeene Nederlandsche Bond "Vrede Door Recht," 54 Algemene Nederlandse Vredes Actie, 54 All Asian Women's Conference, 53 All-India Women's Conferences, 53 Allen, Devere, 21, 40, 44 Allen, William C., 25 Allison, Brent Dow, 12 Almanach de la Paix, 51 Alwato, 61 American Advocate of Peace, 10, 30 American Arbitration Crusade, 25 American Civil Liberties Union, 16 American Committee for Struggle Against War, 26 American Committee for the Outlawry of War, 25 American Committee for the World Congress Against War, 26 American Conference for Democracy and Terms of Peace, 25 American Embargo Conference, 25 American Foundation, 26 American Friend, 18 American Friends Service Committee, 9, 13, 48, 57 American League Against War and Fascism, 26 American League for Peace and Democracy, 26 American League to Limit Armaments, 26 American Legion, 60 American Neutral Conference Committee, 26 American Peace and Arbitration League, 26 American Peace Award (Bok Peace Prize), 26 American Peace Crusade, 4 American Peace Mobilization, 27 American Peace Society, 10, 16, 17, 28, 29, 31, 33, 36, 39, 43 American Peace Society of Japan, 53 American People's Mobilization, 27 American Union Against Militarism, 10 American Union for a Democratic Peace, 10 American Union for Concerted Peace Efforts, 27 American School Citizenship League, 27 American School Peace League, 27 American Society for Judicial Settlement of International Disputes, 27 Americans United for World Organization, Inc., 27 Amnesty Bulletin, 30 Andrews, Fannie Fern, 27 Angell, Norman, 16 Anthony, Susan B., 20 Anti-Conscription Committee, 27 Anti-Enlistment League, 28 Anti-Imperialist League, 49 Anti-Militarism Committee, 10 Anti "Preparedness" Committee, 10 Anti-Slavery and Aborigines Protection Society, 47 Apponyi, Count Albert, 52 Arbitration of National Disputes, 17 Arbitrator, 49 Arnold, Thomas, 40 Asociacion Pacifista Argentina, 45 Association des Jeunes Amis de la Paix, 51 Association for Peace Education, 28 Association Medicale Internationale pour Aider a la Suppression de la Guerre, 50 Association to Abolish War, 28 Australian Freedom League, 45 Austrian Peace Society, 46 Aydelotte, Frank, 7 Babcock, Caroline, 22 Baer, Gertrude, 14, 21 Bailey, Hannah J ., 10, 62 Bailey, Mrs. Moses, 10 Bajer, Frederick, 23, 47 Baker, Newton D., 16 Balabanoff, Angelica, 14 64 Balch, Emily Greene, 10, 11, 12, 16, 22, 25, 26, 32, 39 Baldridge, Cyrus, 60 Baldwin, Roger, 12, 21 Ballad of Gene Debs, 30 Ballou, Adin, 36 Barbusse, Henri, 14 Barnes, Harry Elmer, 16 Barnes, Roswell P ., 12 Barrington, A. C., 55 Bartlett, Percy, 48 Barton, Bruce, 44 Bedford, Duke of (William Sackville Hastings), 47, 56 Benjamin West's Painting of Penn's Treaty with the Indians, 63 Benvenuto Cellini Had No Prejudice Against Bronze, 14 Berg, Russell O., 60 Blanchard, Joshua P ., 10, 28 Bok Peace Prize, 26 Bond of Brotherhood, 28 Bond of Peace, 21 Books by and About the Rogerenes, 61 Boss, Charles, 35 Both Deeper Than and Above the Melee, 24 Bourne, Randolph, 30 Bowles, Gilbert, 53 Brattleboro Daily Reformer, 42 "Break-With-Conscription" Committee, 28 Brethren (Church of the), 17, 61 Brinton, Ellen Starr, 4, 8, 51, 61, 62, 63 Brockway, Fenner, 21 Brown, H. Runham, 21 , 22 Brown, Moses, 40 Buffalo Peace and Arbitration Society, 28 Bund Neues Vaterland, 52 Bureau Internationale de la Paix, 15 Burritt, Elihu, 4, 10, 18, 28, 62 Burritt's Citizen of the World, 28 Burton, Rev. O. E., 5555 But the Twain Do Meet, 14 Butler, Nicholas Murray, 16 Byrns, Elinor, 43 CBCO Broadsheet, 48 CBCO Bulletin, 48 C.P. Units Monthly, 48 C.P. Units News Letter, 48 Cahiers de la Reconciliation, 13 California Peace Societies, 29 Calumet, 10 Campaign for World Government, 29 Carlstedt, Mrs. Wilhelmina, 33 Carlu, Jean, 62 Carman, Bliss, 20 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 8 Carter, Arabella, 19, 22 Catholic Pacifists' Association, 47 Catholic Peacemakers' Action, 47 Catt, Carrie Chapman, 16, 35 Central Board for Conscientious Objectors, 48 Central Organization For A Durable Peace, 11 Ceresole, Piere, 49, 58 Challenge, 41 Chamberlin, William Henry, 21 Chapman, Maria, 36 Chase, Mary N., 36 Chicago Peace Society, 29 Children's Crusade for Peace, 29 Christian Arbitration and Peace Society, 29 Christian Arbitrator and Messenger of Peace, 29 Christian Pacifist, 13 Christian Pacifist Forestry and Land Units, 48 Christian Pacifist Movement, 45 Christian Women's Peace Movement, 29 Christians Forbidden To Fight, 40 Churchmen's Committee for a Christian Peace, 35 Cincinnati Peace League, 29 Circulo Pro-Paz y de Cooperacion, 47 Citizens Peace Petition Committee, 29 Civil Liberties Bureau, 10 Civilian Conservation Corps, 12 Civilian Public Service, 9 Civilian Public Service Union, 11 Clearing House for Limitation of Armaments, 29 Cleghorn, Sarah, 28, 30 Collegiate Anti-militarism League, 63 Comite ''de Europeesche Statenbond,'' 54 Comite International de Coordination et d'Information, 50 Comite Mondial contre la Guerre et le Fascisme, 50 Commission on the Coordination of Effort for Peace, 30 Committee Against Wartime Enactment of Peacetime Conscription, 32 Committee for Amnesty for All Objectors to War and Conscription, 30 Committee for Concerted Peace Efforts, 27 Committee for Democratic Control, 30 65 Committee for Legal Aid to Conscientious Objectors, 16 Committee for Legal Service to Conscientious Objectors, 16 Committee for Peace Day in the United Nations, 30 Committee for the Emergency Office, 30 Committee on Education for Lasting Peace, 35 Committee on Militarism in Education, 12, 60 Committee on Peace and Arbitration (Of Race Street Yearly Meeting, Philadelphia, Pa.), 20 Committee on World Friendship Among Children, 30 Committee to Defend America by Keeping Out of War, 27 Committee to Keep America Out of War, 30 Concordia, 51 Conference on the Teaching of History, 28 Conferencia del Caribe, 47 Congrès Démocratique International pour la Paix, 50 Connecticut Peace Society, 30, 33 Conscience and the State, 12 Conscientious Objector and the Law, 12 Conscription News, 36 Conseil Suisse des Associations pour la Paix, 57 Constructive Peace Group, 56 Consultative Peace Council, 31 Cornell, Julien, 12, 16 Cosmoglotta, 61 Coudenhove-Kalergi, R. N., 46 Cram, Mrs. J. Sergeant, 38 Cremer, William Randal, 49 Cronbach, Abraham, 38 Culbertson, Ely,, 32 Curti, Merle, 4 Dana, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, 11, 12, 39 Dansk Fredsforening, 47 D'Arcis, Mrs. Clara Guthrie, 58 Daughters of the American Revolution, 60 Daumier, Honore, 60 Debs, Theodore, 22 Declaration of Sentiments, 36 Delaware Peace Society, 31 Detzer, Dorothy, 11, 21 Deutsche Friedensgesellschaft, 52 Dingman, Mary, 57 Disarmament Education Committee, 31 Dodge, David Low, 17 Dole, Charles F., 28 Doukhobors, 31 Drevet, Camille, 14 Dulles, Sophia H., 19 Dunn, Robert, 12 Dutch Anti-War Council, 55 Dutch Committee, "The European Federation," 54 Dutch Peace Society, "Vrede Door Recht," 54 Eastman, Crystal, 12 Eastman, Max, 30 Eichel, Julius, 25 Elijah Voice Society, 21 Eliot, Charles W., 16 Elkinton, Howard W., 31 Elkinton, J. Passmore, 31 Elkinton, Joseph S., 31 Elo Fraternal, 46 Ely, Richard T., 20 Embassies of Reconciliation, 48 Emergency Committee for the Assistance of Germans, Austrians and Hungarians in Distress, 41, 48 Emergency Federation of Peace Forces, 31 Emergency Peace Campaign, 12, 13, 62 Emergency Peace Committee of Massachusetts, 32 Emergency Peace Federation, 32 Equal Rights Party, 34 Equality, 13 Esperantido, 61 Esperanto, 61 Ethical Culture Society, 20 FAU Chronicle, 48 Far East Is Not Very Far, 14 Federal Pacifist Council, 45 Fellowship, 13 Fellowship of COs Newsletter, 56 Fellowship of Conscientious Objectors, 48, 49 Fellowship of Peace, 32 Fellowship of Reconciliation, 13, 27, 42, 48, 58 Fenner Brockway Dinner Committee, 19 Fight for Total Peace, Inc., 32 Filene, Edward E., 16 Floyd, William, 25, 38 Flugsschriften, 52 Flushing Peace Society, 32 Forbes, Rose Dabney Malcolm, 10, 14, 24 Forbes, Mrs., J. Malcolm, 10, 14, 24 Forbundet for Kristet Samhallsliv, 56 66 Ford, Henry, 57 Ford Peace Ship Expedition, 57 Forerunner, 13 Foulk, Mabel K., 32 Foulk, Theodore, 32 Foundation of Internationalism, 54 Fraternidad, 13 Fraternidad de Reconciliacion y Par, Junta Continental para la America Latina, 58 Frazier, Senator Lynn, 24 Freds-Bladet, 47 Freds-Varden, 13 Free Religious Association, 20 Freeman, Harrop, 37 Fried, Alfred H., 46 Friedensfront, 22 Friedenkartell, 21 Friedrich, Ernst, 52 Friendly Address to the Women of Philadelphia from the Women of Exeter, England, 19 Friends, see Society of Friends Friends Ambulance Unit, 48 Friends Council for International Service, 48 Friends Emergency Committee for the Assistance of Germans, Austrians and Hungarians in Distress, 41, 48 Friends Historical Association, 63 Friends Historical Library, 7, 9 Friends Peace Committee of Philadelphia, 20 Friends Relief Committees, 48 Friends Relief Service, 48 Friends Service Committee, 48 Friends Service Council, 48 Friends War Victims Relief Committee, 48 Fry, A. Ruth, 49 Gabriële, J., 49 Gandhi, Mohandas K., 13, 53 Garrison, William Llyod, 36 Geneva Research Bureau, 8 Georgia Committee on the Disarmament Conference, 32 Georgia Peace Society, 32 German Committee for International Conciliation, 52 German League for the Protection of Motherhood and Sexual Reform, 20 German Peace Society, 51 Giesswein, Father Sandor, 4, 52 Gobat, Dr. Alber, 4 Gobat, Marguerite, 4 Goldman, Emma, 21 Gollancz, Victor, 14 Graves, Anna Melissa, 11, 14 Greater Boston Peace Council, 32 Greater Philadelphia Committee Against Peacetime Conscription, 32 Gregg, Richard B., 32 Gretor, Georg, 21 Grosz, George, 60 Group d'Études Positivistes, 50 Groupement Pacifiste International, 50 Gurney, Joseph John, 18 Haines, Frederick Oliver, 44 Hall, Edward B., 40 Hallinan, Charles T., 22 Harbinger of Peace, 10, 33 Harijan, 53 Harmonist,, 41 Hartford County Peace Society, 33 Hartmann, George W., 38 Hastings, William Sackville (Duke of Bedford), 47, 56 Haverford College Library, 9 Herald of Peace, 19 Hesse, Olga, 33 Hesse, Mrs. Philip, 19 Hill, Daniel, 18 Hinte, J. van, 55 Hinte-Zandvliet, E. S. van, 55 Hole, Allen D., 18 Holmes, John Haynes, 22 Holt, Hamilton, 36 Hoover, Herbert, 16 Huebsch, B. W., 14 Hugenholtz, J. B. Th., 54 Hughan, Jessie Wallace, 21, 22, 28 Hull, Hannah Clothier, 11, 14, 37, 39 Hull, William I, 10, 11, 14, 19, 26, 28, 33, 34, 39 Hungarian Peace Society, 52 Hutchinson, Dorothy, 38 IVSP, 49 Ido, 61 Informationsbyrän Mellanfolkligt Samarbete för Fred, 15 Institute of Politics, 8 Intercollegiate Disarmament Council, 33 Intercollegiate Peace Association, 33, 63 Intercollegiate Peace Speech Association, 33 Intercollegiate Socialist, 63 International Anti-Military Bureau (I.A.M.B.), 54 International Arbitration League, 49 International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace, 14 International Conference of Peace Workers, 57 67 International Consultative Group, 57 International Council of Women, 59 International Federation of League of Nations Associations, 15 International Federation of Trade Unions, 59 International Fellowship of Reconciliation, 13 International Labor Organization, 8 International Languages, 61 International Peace Bureau, 15 International Peace Campaign, 57 International Peace Congress, 41 International Peace Forum, 33 International Peace Society, 18 International Voluntary Service for Peace, 49,58 International Women's Committee for Permanent Peace, 9, 23, 24 International Women's Week in Budapest, 52 Internationaler Anti-Militaristischer Verein (I.A.M.V.), 54 Internationales Anti-Kriegsmuseum, 52 Interparliamentary Conference, 41 Jacobs, Aletta, 23 Janney, Bernard T., 35 Jaraczewsky, Margarete, 21 Johnson, Edwin, 12 Joint Peace Board, 31 Joint Peace Council of Austria, 46 Jones, Paul, 21 Jong van Been en Donk, B. de, 21, 55 Jordan, David Starr, 20, 22 Judicial Settlement of International Disputes, 27 Kagawa, Toyohiko, 53 Kansas Peace-Action Committee, 33 Kansas Peace Forum, 33 Kaufman, Abraham, 22 Kerke en Vrede, 54 Kerke en Vrede, 54 Kessler, Count Harry, 52 Knox, Philander C., 26 Kohn, Hans, 14 Kollwitz Käthe, 52, 60 Krain, Willibald, 60 Kristet, Samhällsliv, 56 Kvakera Esperanto-Service, 61 Labour Pacifist Fellowship, 49 Labour Party, 49 Ladd, William, 10, 33, 39 La Fontaine, Henri, 46 Lake Mohonk Conference on International Arbitration, 33 Lane, Winthrop D., 30 Lansbury, George, 48 League for an American Peace, 10 League for Peace, 21 League for Permanent Peace, 14 League of Liberals against Aggression and Militarism, 49 League of Nations, 8, 15 League of Nations Association, 62 League of Nations Library, 51 League of Universal Brotherhood, 28 League to Enforce Peace, 18, 34 "Learned Blacksmith," 28 Learned Blacksmith, 4 Lederer, Francis, 44 Lehmann-Russbüldt, Otto, 52 Lester, Muriel, 13 Levinson, Salmon O., 25 Lewis, Mrs. Lucy Biddle, 9, 37 Libby, Frederick J., 16 Ligt, Barthélemy de, 14 Ligue des Droits de l'Homme et du Citoyen, 50 Ligue des Femmes contre la Guerre, 50 Ligue Rouennaise de la Paix, 50 Lincoln Peace Council, 34 Liverpool Peace Society, 49 Lochner, Louis, 11, 12, 29, 36, 57 Lockwood, Belva A., 4, 34, 35 London Peace Society, see Peace Society (London) Love, Alfred H., 21, 35 Ludlow, Rep. Louis, 35 MacKaye, Jessie Hardy, 43 McKeesport League of Peace, 34 MacMaster, Gilbert, 15 Magnes, Judah, 39 Marburg, Theodore, 27, 34 Maryland Peace Society, 34 Maryland Quarterly, 34 Masereel, Frans, 60 Massachusetts Committee Against Compulsory Military Training, 34 Massachusetts League for Peace Action, 34 Massachusetts Peace Society, 14, 15 Matthews, Joseph B., 55 May, Samuel J., 31, 39 Mead, Edwin D., 16 Mead, Lucia Ames, 12, 16, 22 Mellanfolkligt Samarbete, 15 Mellen, Grenville, 39 Mennonites (Churches of the), 17, 61 Menschenrechte, 52 Messenger of Peace, 18 Metropolitan Board for Conscientious Objectors, 34 68 Michigan Council for World Peace, 35 Michigan Labor Committee against Peace-time Conscription, 35 Militia Christie, 54 Ministers International Peace Union, 54 Ministers' No War Committee, 35 Ministers Peace Fellowship of Philadelphia and Vicinity, 35 Mistral, Gabriela, 14 Monda Bonvol-Servo, 61 Mondi Linguo, 61 Moneta, E.T., 53 Morel, E.D., 21 Mott, Lucretia, 19 Mouvement Pacifiste, 15 Mygatt, Tracy, 28 NPC Bulletin, 36 National Arbitration Convention, 35 National Arbitration League of the U.S.A., 35 National Civil Liberties Bureau, 10 National Committee for the War Referendum, 35 National Committee on Conscientious Objectors, 12, 16 National Committee on the Cause and Cure of War, 35 National Committee on the Churches and World Peace, 36 National Congress for Peace and Democracy, 26 National Council Against Conscription, 36 National Council for Limitation of Armaments, 16 National Council for Prevention of War, 16, 32, 38, 42, 60 National Council for Reduction of Armaments, 16, 37 National Labor Committee Against Fascism, 27 National Labor Committee Against War, 27 National Pacifist Youth Conference, 36 National Peace Conference, 31, 36 National Peace Council (England), 17 National Peace Council (New Zealand), 56 National Peace Federation, 36 National Service Board for Religious Objectors, 9, 17, 61 National Student Federation of America, 63 National Youth Administration, 63 Nationale Vredes Actie, 54 Nearing, Scott, 39 Nebraska Peacemaker, 34 Nederlandische Anti-Oorlog Raad, 55 Nederlands-Indische Vredes-Federatie, 55, 62 Nelles, Walter, 12 Nemzetkozi Elet, 52 Neue Generation, 21 Neutral Conference for Continuous Mediation, 57 Neutral World, 44 New England Non-resistance Society, 36 New England Quarterly, 61 New Hampshire Peace Society, 36 New Student, 63 New World, 49 New York Council for the Limitation of Armaments, 37 New York Peace Society, 3, 17, 34 New York Public Library, 61 New Zealand Christian Pacifist, 13, 56 New Zealand Christian Pacifist Society, 55 Newton, Ray, 13, 44 Nilsson, Anna T., 21 No Conscription Fellowship, 49 No More War, 49 No More War Movement, 49 Nobel Peace Prize Committee, 21 Non-Partisan Committee for Peace Through Revision of the Neutrality Law, 27 Northend, Charles, 4 Northern California Committee to Oppose Peacetime Conscription Now, 37 Northern California Peace Society, 29 Northern California Service Board for Conscientious Objectors, 37 Northwest Pacifist, 37 Oberlin Peace Institute, 37 Oberlin Peace Society, 37 Occidental Union, 61 Olive Leaf (London), 19 Olive Leaf (Elihu Burritt), 28 Olmstead, Frank, 22 One World, 17 Organization Centrale pour une Paix Durable, 11 Österreichische Friedensgesellschaft, 46 Otlet, Paul, 46 PCCO Newsletter, 40 PPU Journal, 18 P.S.U. Newsletter, 50 Pacific Banner, 11 Pacifismo, 45 Pacifist Action Fellowship, 37 Pacifist-Esperantist Bulletin, 61 Pacifist Research Bureau, 37 69 Pacifist Service Units, 50 Pacifisten, 47 Paix par le Droit, 51 Palmer, Albert, 35 Pan-Europa Union, 46 Pan-Pacific Women's Conference, Australian Delegation, 45 Patewa, Jenny Bojïlowa, 46 Patriotic Peace League, 37 Paullin, Theodore, 37 Pax International, 23 Peabody, Oliver W. B., 38 Peace, 17 Peace Action Committee of Willimantic, 38 Peace Action for Franklin County, 38 Peace Aims, 17 Peace Aims Pamphlets, 17 Peace and Disarmament Committee of the Women's International Organizations, 57 Peace and Goodwill, 23 Peace Army, 50 Peace Association of Friends, 41 Peace Association of Friends in America, 18 Peace Book Club, 50 Peace Book News, 50 Peace Classics, 50 Peace Heroes Memorial Society, 38 Peace House, 38 Peace Movement in Europe; Private Diary of an International Summer, 41 Peace News, 18 Peace Now Movement, 38 Peace or War : the American Struggle, 4 Peace Patriots, 38 Peace Pledge Union, 18 Peace Pledge Union, 62 Peace Press, 41 Peace Record, 56 Peace Review, 17 Peace Society (London), 18, 45, 49 Peace Society, New South Wales Branch, 45 Peace Society of Amherst College, 38 Peace Society of Exeter, N. H., 38 Peace Society of Maine, 39 Peace Society of Windham County, 39 Peace Yearbook, 8, 17 Peacemaker (Australia), 45 Peacemaker (U.S.A.), 21, 34 Peaceways Forum, 44 Peckover, Priscilla Hannah, 23 Pennsylvania Arbitration and Peace Society, 39 Pennsylvania Committee for Concerted Peace Efforts, 27 Pennsylvania Committee for Total Disarmament, 19 Pennsylvania Peace Society, 22 Pennsylvania Peace Society, 19 Pennsylvania State Peace Society, 19 People's Congress for Democracy and Peace, 26 People's Council, 12 People's Council of America for Democracy and Peace, 39 People's Mandate Committee for Inter-American Peace and Cooperation, 40 People's Mandate to End War, 39 People's Print, 39 People's Program for Peace, 40 Perely, Imre, 60 Perry, Bliss, 12 Philadelphia Council for Conscientious Objectors, 40 Philadelphia Council for World Peace, 40 Philadelphia Peace Council, 40 Philadelphia Youth Council To Oppose Conscription, 40 Philadelphia World Court Committee, 26 "Philanthropos," 33 Phillips, Mrs. Jesse, 29 Pickard, Bertram, 57 Picton Reference Library, 49 Pinchot, Amos, 30 Pinkham, Henry W., 22, 28 Playne, Caroline E., 16, 50 Polak, Dr. J., 56 Ponsonby, Arthur (Lord Ponsonby), 21, 22 Post, Alice Thacher, 11, 24, 38, 61 Post, Mrs. Louis F., 11, 24, 38, 61 Prison Service Committee, 10 Proceedings of a Convention in Favor of International Arbitration, 35 Quakers, see Society of Friends. Questions of War Reviewed, 17 Quidde, Ludwig, 21, 51 Raemaekers, Louis, 60 Ragaz, Clara, 58 Ragaz, Leonard, 58 Randolph, A. Philip, 21 Rankin, Belle, 22 Rankin, Jeanette, 32 Rassemblement Universel pour la Paix, 57 Rational Patriot, 40 Rational Patriot, 40 70 Reconciliation, 13 Reconciliacion, 58 Redlands Peace Society, 29 Relgis, Eugen, 56 Résistant à la Guerre, 22 Rest of the Nations, 39 Reuther, Victor, 35 Reuther, Walter, 35 Rhode Island Peace Society, 40 Richards, Henry, 18 Richardson, Hugh, 19 Robinson, Boardman, 60 Rogerenes, 31, 61 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 29 Root, Robert C., 29 Rosenwald, Julius, 29 Ross, Edward A., 20 Rotary, 59 Rotten, Elisabeth, 52 Royden, A. Maude, 50 Ryan, Carl A., 43 Sacco, Nicola 59 Saint Petersburg Council Against War, 41 San Antonio Peace Association, 41 San Francisco Federated Peace Committee, 41 Sayre, John Nevin, 12, 21, 48 Schenectady Peace Service Bulletin, 41 Schenectady Peace Service Council, 41 Schweizerische Zentralstelle für Friedensarbeit, 58 Schwimmer, Rosika, 14, 21 Scott, James Brown, 27 Scudder, Vida D., 16 Searchlight on War Propaganda, 40 Seattle Fellowship, 21 Seattle Peace Society, 41 Secret International, 21 Service Civil, 58 Service Civil International, 58 Sforza, Carlo, 14 Shelley, Rebecca, 39 Sheppard, Rev. Dick, 18 Short Contribution to the History of Pacifism in Poland, 56 Smiley, Albert, 33 Smiley, Alferd, 33 Smith, Tucker P., 12 Socialist Party, 59 Societa Internazionale per la Pace- Unione Lombarda, 53 Société Chrétienne des Amis de la Paix, 51 Société d'Etudes et de Correspondence Internationales, 51 Société Polonaise des Amis de la Paix, 56 Sociétés Françaises de la Paix, 51 Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace, 18 Society of Friends, 9, 17, 18, 20, 58, 61 Society "Si Vis Pacem, Para Pacem," 55 Society To Eliminate Economic Causes of War, 41 South African Youth Movement, 56 Southern California Peace Society, 29 Spencer, Anna Garlin, 20 Stadler, Arthur, 60 Stafford, Caroline M., 42 Stöcker, Helene, 20 Stoker, Rose Pastor, 12 Strong, Anna Louise, 21 Strong, Sydney D., 21 Student Peace Service (of Chicago), 41 Study Conferences on the Church and World Peace, 36 Study Outline Based on " The Causes of War," 43 Suttner, Baroness Bertha von, 46 Swedish Information Bureau on Peace Questions and International Cooperation, 15 Swing, Raymond Gram, 42 Swiss Peace Council, 57 Szold, Henrietta, 14 Taft, William Howard, 26, 27, 33 Tagore, Rabindranath, 53 Tannenbaum, Frank, 14 Thomas, Edward, 41 Thomas, Evan, 22 Thomas, Margaret Loring Thomas, Norman, 12 Thwing, Clarence, 41 Tolstoy (Tolstoi), Leo, 31, 46 Tolstoibund, 46 Toward World Cooperation, 27 Tribunal (1940-1945), 48 Tribunal (1916-1920), 49 Truth About Preparedness Committee, 10 Tryon, James L., 41 U. D. C., 21 Union des Associations Internationales, 46 Union for Peace Legislation, 42 Union Internationale des Associations pour la Société des Nations, 15 Union Internationale des Pacifistes Patriotes, 51 Union of Democratic Control, 21 71 [left column] Union Patriotique de France pour la Pacification de l'Europe et le Desarmament, 51 United Mothers World Peace Movement, Inc., 42 United Nations, 8, 15, 27, 32 United Nations Council of Philadelphia, 42 United Nations Councilor, 42 United Peace Chest, 42 United States Congress Against War, 26 United Student Peace Committee, 42 Universal Peace Congress, 41 Universal Peace Union, 19, 21, 31, 34 Vanzetti, Bartolomeo, 59 Verband fur Internationale Verstandigung, 52 Vermont Chronicle, 42 Vermont Journal, 42 Vermont Peace Convention, 42 Vermont Peace Society, 42 Vernon, Mabel, 40 Villard, Fanny Garrison, 43 Villard, Oswald Garrison, 10, 11 Vinculo Internacional de Amizade, 46 [[Visva?]]-Bharati Quarterly, 53 Vita Internazionale, 5. Voice of Peace, 21 Volapuk, 61 Vox Populi, 57 Vrouwen Vredegang, 55 Walter, Caroline Sargent, 29 Wapens Neder, 54 War?, 63 War Journal of a Pacifist, 30 War Resister, 22 War Resisters International, 22, 47 War Resisters League, 22, 62 Warbasse, James, 10 Warbasse, Mrs. James, 39 Washington Peace Society, 42 Watson, William, 31, 33 Webber, Carl B., 38 Weekly Prison News Letter, 25 Wellock, Wilfred, 21 Wentworth, Lydia G., 22 West, Benjamin, 63 Wheeler, Burton K., 30 Whipple, Charles, 36 Whitaker, Robert, 12, 21 Whittier, John G., 18 Wilson, E. Raymond, 37, 57 Winsor, Mary, 19 Wisbech Peace Association, 23 Wisconsin Peace Society, 43 [right column] Wold, Emma, 43 Wolfe, Bertram, 14 Woman's Peace Party, 11, 14, 24 Women's Action Committee for Victory and Lasting Peace, 35 Women's Christian Temperance Union, 10, 62 Women's Committee for Permanent Peace, 11 Women's Committee for World Disarmament, 43 Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, 7, 9, 11, 14, 20, 23, 24, 40, 43, 52, 60, 62 Womens Peace Procession, 55 Women's Peace Society, 43 Women's Peace Union, 24 Word, the, 56 Work, John M., 22 World Affairs, 10 World Alliance for International Friendship through the Churches, 18 World Citizens Association, 43 World Conference for International Peace through Religion, 43 World Congress Against War, 26 World Congress of Youth Against War and Fascism, 26 World Disarmament Movement, 45 World Federalists, U.S.A., 43 World Federation—Now, 29 World Government Association, 43 World Issues, 17 World Peace Association, 43 World Peace Federation, 44 World Peace Foundation, 8 World Peace Posters, Inc., 44 World Peace Union, 44 World Peaceways, Inc., 44 World Tomorrow, 13 World Union of Women for International Concord, 58 World Youth Peace Congress, 55 World's Court League, 44 World's Student Christian Federation, 33 Wragg, Arthur, 60 Wright, Henry C., 36 Young, Art, 60 Young Democracy, 44 Young Democracy, 44, 63 Young India, 53 Young Men's Christian Association, 59 Young Women's Christian Association, 57, 59 Zilzer, G., 60 72 Transcribed and reviewed by contributors participating in the By The People project at crowd.loc.gov.