NAWSA Subject File Algeo. Sara M. 1 Let Women Decide [*Sara L Fittz*] In Rhode Island children applying for work must have a birth certificate, but this certificate is not kept on file - It becomes a very handy medium for numerous friends and relations not of the required age, whereby they too may be enrolled under the iniquitous hammer of Child Labor - Why are not these certificates kept on file as the law requires in most suffrage communities? _____________________________ Why is the Usury Law of Rhode Island so elastic that a man or woman can be legally compelled to pay to some of our respectable loan sharks 12 percent interest on a small loan? 2 Why is there no law to compel[ l] an owner and first mortgagee to notify the second mortgagee in case of foreclosure? Is it fair to advertise (as the law demands) only in an obscure paper and then word the notice in such an ambiguous way that even if a second mortgagee should see it he would not know that this property has any interest for him? Is it legal to hold the auction in the back yard with the red flag in somebody's pocket? What legal redress has the second mortgagee if he be frozen out since there is no law to demand that he be personally notified and thus save his interest? 3 Do the women of Rhode Island demand a law prescribing the Tuberculin Test for cattle? Or are they willing that machine politicians shall block such legislation and allow neighboring states having such a test, to dump into our state the diseased derelicts that they know can't pass muster if submitted to the Tuberculin Test as enforced in their states? Are women taxpayers in Rhode Island satisfied to be politically gagged when the law says that only such persons as are "electors" 4 shall apply for redress if the Public Utilities do not behave? Too bad that Dean King's name on a petition would make it null and void! Are we willing to spend all our lives working along humanitarian lines only to attain a place on an Advisory Board - Those with the vote really deciding the issue? What woman in Rhode Island is satisfied to stay forever in the company of Cherubic Minors, Dangerous lunatics, hardened malefactors and non-de-script non-residenters? 5 Why is one of the large mills at Riverpoint, where there are thousands of spindles, lighted by grim, ill smelling kerosene lamps? What of the health and sight of the future mothers, compelled to toil long hours in this filthy, unsanitary atmosphere? What is the law on factory lighting? Is it evaded or enforced? Have we an employees' welfare commission here as they have in many suffrage states where a glaring sin like this is atoned for by fine and imprisonment? Sara L. G. Fittz Organization in New York [*Sara L.G. Fittz*] During the past year the Empire Campaign State Committee has enrolled 1000 active workers and has sent out thirty-three trained organizers, some working for nothing and even paying all of their expenses others receiving a salary, the rest being paid by special donations. Out of 150 assembly districts they have thoroughly organized 141. Every district in New York City (63) is well organized. In sections where the people were entirely uninformed the organizers have formed district clubs, instead of going ahead with enrollments WOMAN SUFFRAGE PARTY 602 JACKSON BUILDING TELEPHONE UNION 6474-M PROVIDENCE, R.I. Organized There are 400 of these clubs 2 throughout the state, working as a district captain would work. The organizers have made a systematic canvass of the entire state and have enrolled 131831 persons pledged to work for the bill in 1915. Before an organizer went into new territory, a representative from the Press Committee went ahead working with the local newspapers, paving the way for the organizer. The press committee has supplied 500 news papers weekly with suffrage news and propaganda; has also served 175 papers three times with plate matter. 3 They have sold 50,000 posters at cost for advertising throughout the state. They have covered over 100 county fairs with speakers and literature. They established and maintained suffrage headquarters at both the Democratic and Republican conventions, and have gotten the strongest possible pledge from every political party to honestly and fairly push the bill in the coming legislature. They have gotten the "Women Watcher's Bill passed providing that women may watch the count at the polls, lest after all their 4 work they be ruled out in the finals. The antisuffragists boasted that they intended raising 100,000 dollars and declared, in the press that with this money they could beat suffrage for women in New York. Almost at once a valiant band of determined women started out - into the factories, shops, houses and offices and raised 3500 dollars in pennies, nickels and dimes. At the big rally at Carnegie on November 6, 105,619 dollars were accounted for. Mrs Catt very cleverly remarked 5 "We'll give the antis a run for their money" Unprecedented ardor and sacrifice go out in this campaign which will be the greatest test of the powers of ignorance and evil against organized womanhood and justice. The New York women realize that if New York is won, the United States are won, and if the United States are won the world is won and the stigma of disfranchisement gives way to the dignity of motherhood before the law. Good luck attend them! Sara L.G. Fittz [*50 Boxes*] Rep Oct 11, 1916 The Republican Party reaffirming its faith the gov of the people, by the people, for the people as a measure of justice to one half the adult people of this country favor the extension of s- to women but, recognize the rights to each state ARTICLE VI. Membership Any organized group of suffragists, may become an auxilliary by subscribing to the constitution of the RHODE ISLAND SUFFRAGE PARTY and paying this proportionate amount to the pledge to the Nat. American Suffrage Cage Association. This amount shall be left to the discretion of the State Committee. 1 The members of the RHODE ISLAND SUFFRAGE PARTY may be men or women of any political party who endorses votes for women and who sign the party card. There shall be no dues. Votes for Women R. I. Union Colored Women's Clubs. 1 - Democracy Like our belief in immortality. A brief history Early tribes had pure democracy - Greece, Rome. England 1066. Magna Carta 1215 Council of 25 could determine upon the granting of men and money to the king. The women have neither men nor money for the king. Such was the beginning of Eng. liberties. In America the colonies whose population consisted of about the present of N. Y. C. and whose property was not so great imitated Eng. Const Bur colonial grandmothers were not as alert as they should have been a little more forethought on their part would saved us as a deal of trouble. We might trace this struggle through the gradual acquirement MRS. CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT, President of the International Suffrage Alliance, will be the guest of the Rhode Island College Equal Suffrage League on Thursday morning the third of April. You are invited to a conference of Suffragists to be conducted by MRS. CATT on the "Woman's Suffrage Party," to be held on that date in Manning Hall, Brown University, at ten-thirty o'clock. SARA M. ALGEO, President ANNIE H. BARUS, EMMA G. MILLER, ELIZABETH POPE, BESSIE E. BLOOM, Directors 2- Touch briefly on equal pay for equal work struggle of professional woman for recognition the home keeper's struggle against adulterated milk and canned goods &c. Speech of Mrs Robbins 2. Expediency Child Labor. Illus. by story of man in Tennessee. Why should I be bothering about children. Good God that Is your work.” Women workers - Handicap Is same as that of unenfranchised men. Women who are hard pressed should be given vote more than any other class. Story of Dead Horse. Ten policemen in Chicago came from ignorant vote (or poor vote). My boy deaf Policeman hit my boy think he bad. 3. Justice. “but of suffering comes wisdom; out wisdom comes strength; out of strength comes fulfillment.” The mills of the Gods grind slowly but they grind exceedingly sure. Objection to equal pay. Those who assent to segregation among negroes. Justice to men and women alike is as sure as death as sure fate itself and the lesson for any woman in this audience to take home with her tonight is prepare herself for its. prepare herself for its responsibilities of educational, property and now political rights. The Rule of the people, for the people and by the people is yet an unrealized dream but the goal to which all people men and women are striving. ELEVENTH CONFERENCE of the Rhode Island Union of Colored Women's Clubs OFFICERS President, Mary E. Jackson, Providence First Vice-President, Mrs. C. Tolbert, Newport Second Vice-President, Mrs. Susan Williams, Providence Third Vice-President, Mrs. Lillian Williams, Pawtucket General Secretary, Mrs. Jacynthia Perry, Providence Assistant Secretary, Mrs. Burnley, Newport Treasurer, Mrs. A. Allerson, Pawtucket Organizer, Mrs. W. Worthen, Providence Juvenile Superintendent, Mess Ida Gibbons Monday, October 13, 1913 10 a. m. 2 and 8 p. m. Pond Street Church, Providence, R. I. MORNING SESSION AT 10 O'CLOCK Convention called to order by the President Devotional exercises conducted by Mrs. S. E. Harrold, Providence Roll call - seating of delegates Minutes of last meeting Address of welcome, Mrs. Lena Gross of Providence Response, Mrs. A. Allerson of Pawtucket Reports of committees New business Club reports Announcement of committees Offering - Federation Song BASKET LUNCH AFTERNOON SESSION AT 2 O'CLOCK Devotional exercises conducted by Mrs. Annabelle Hall Minutes of morning session Unfinished business Election of officers Piano solo, Lottie Willis of Pawtucket Echoes from the Northeastern Federation, Mrs. H. Silone-Anderson, Newport What can be done for the young people of Rhode Island industrially? Open discussion conducted by Mrs. H R. Nelson of Newport, and Mrs. W. Holland of Providence Demonstration in dress making, Miss Amy P. Bailey Piano solo, Miss Marion Gray, Providence "Girls Hour," 4 p. m. All girls 13 years and over admitted Introduction of speaker, Miss Margaret Fleetwood, Newport Address, "Eugenics," Dr. Margaret Hardman Federation Song EVENING SESSION AT 8 O'CLOCK Piano Duet, Edwin Jackson and Ida Perry Newport Chorus, Francis Harper Club "Boys and the Home," Miss R. J. Dunbar Piano solo, Miss Madeline Gross, Providence "Votes for Women," Mrs. J. W. Algeo Why the Rhode Island Union should endorse the suffrage movement Open Discussion. B. Higgins, Providence Solo, Miss Amy Bailey For what does the N. A. A. C. P. stand? Open Discussion Mrs. Butler Wilson, Boston Solo, Mrs. Ethel Minton President's annual address, Miss M. E. Jackson Resolutions Announcements Federation Hymn Adjournment NOTES - Morning and afternoon sessions open to all "Girl's hour" for women and girls only Admission to evening service, 10 cents Basket lunch at noon Mrs. Catt - Friday 10:30 Rep. of W. Journal. Black Hole of Calcutta. Gen. Federation Magazine. 500-100 words Symptom of condition which demands more workers "Suffragette Coffee". Handwriting on wall W.S. Party running itself on soap. Lecture address 31 W. 15th St. Co Hinds, Noble & Eldridge 35 [c] Interview Congressman P.4 Const. Pream. Art. I When U.S. became republic all previous republics had fallen. Senators 35 - 14 years. Senators will be elected as representatives. How may be it emended. U.S. 3/4 of States must ratify 2/3 of States Legis case compel Congress to submit 36 States are necessary in U.S. Nat'l Const. Convention - Never had one since original over. Resolutions in various states Mrs. Penfield - Common Divorce Law. 27 States have asked for a Const. Convention 5 states more will give it. West wanted Senator Emendment Sout wanted income tax. 14th & 15th emendments passed by Repub. party controlled South think carpet-baggers & disenfranchised members of the South. 15th Emendment - Int. little word male Right of citizens to vote All person born or naturalized in U.S. citizens Race, color or previous condition of servitude Manner 2 emendments carried through was outrageous. Put the salt in wound of south real object. Forgot that Const had relegated suffrage to States. orgy? Men can always find a loop hole to get through Const. When Republicans. Const. didn't mean anything to democrats when then they wanted to disenfranchise negroes Nat. Ement. If it was logical to enfra. the black man by amend. If it was legal to disenfranchise black man by proclaiming an amendment to Cont by Grandfather it is equally legal to enfranchise men by same process. Why didn't North prevent South? Negro evinced cupidity. Pol. Parties hold great Natl Convention 2 doors Nat'l Nat amend. Nat Convention -5- Mrs. Catt. Constitutional and Political History. Suffrage movement is like a great tree out of which grows branches over which is the Woman Movement. Outline of work - Democracy Among Early tribes. English Constitution. United States Constitution in its relation to women. Present Status of Women. Among all primitive tribes some form of democracy existed. When Rome conquered Greece it took over democratic ideas of Greece. Romans overspread Europe and found Germanic tribes had counsels also. Original Germans were extremely democratic. Angles and Saxons moved to England. William of Normandie brought Feudalism into England 1066 Mr. Winston Churchill the eminent American statesman and well known author of "Richard Carvel," "Coniston," etc. will speak on The Political Situation at Churchill House, on Tuesday, October 22d, at 3:30. Tickets, One Dollar Subscriptions should be sent immediately to Mrs. James W. Algeo, 394 Angell Street. Mrs. William MacDonald Mrs. Henry A. Whitmarsh Mr. Courtney Langdon -2- Poor people lost their rights of former democracy but of system came revolution and out of that modern liberty. Great Charta or Magna Charta - 1215 most famous document in the world. Basis of British Constitution. This granted a council of 25 men to be consulted by king. They had to give consent to the levying of taxes. 4 could call 25 together. We women have not had men or money. This charta marks the beginning of modern liberties. The king was the government. In his person were 3 persons - 1 - Law-maker. 2 Executor and 3 Supreme Court. The spokesman of the 25 was called the speaker. -2- Under Feudalism Church was important part. Lands were given to monasteries. True in other countries also. Parliament means to talk. Monks met to discuss questions of importance to themselves. Superstition made barons yield to king - divine right. 16th Cent. Feudalism disappears. Vassels had power over lords. 3 Estates -Clergy, Lords & Commons. Wool sack. Dignity of - wool. King still turns his face on commons. At time of Amer. Revolution House of Commons well-established. Brought to us same class of voters as in England. Those born in Eng. or this country Church members. Property owners. In Plymouth only Congregationalists could vote -3- In England Constitution may be changed by act of Parliament. In America constitution is written. May be bought 30 c/ In England unwritten. We must not forget the majesty of the Woman Suffrage Movement. It has had many heroes and heroines over many centuries because we have had neither men nor money for the king. Differences in Procedure in carrying a Suffrage Bill in England and America. History ever repeats itself. We climb up by way 'of a spiral.' Americans didn't begin to have the grievances English women have at present time. 3 Departments in Eng now - Commons, Lords and King -4- Lect. II After an election King appoints the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister appoints the Cabinet. The Cabinet is really the governing power of England. The Lord Chancellor presides over the House of Lords. The Prime Minister is a Communer and the Lord Chancellor may be. The Cabinet makes up program of Legislation - controls parliament. England has whips (bosses). They are paid salaries by the party in power. Life of Parliament is five years. Executive power is in Cabinet. People have power of recall of cabinet Private members' bills do not go through. the present cabinet is supposed to be in favor of Woman Suffrage. However, if they do not agree with Asquith (opposed) they must resign or he will. -5- Asquith has autocratic power. He is appointed by the king. Colonies in population were a trifle more than New York. Property not as much as New York. Propriety Colonies, Maryland was given to Lord Baltimore Margaret Brent - story - madcap. Assembly in Baltimore like old Council in Gt. Britain. Landowners called. Margaret Brent came and demanded a seat. Refused. She became militant. In Johns Hopkins University there is a series of books in which her history is given. She was in control while Lord Baltimore was in England. The Articles of Confederation were not satisfactory. Nobody gets very far away from what they have been taught to think. If George Washington would have been king they would have made him one. Home Rule Prin. of our government. -6- copied parties in Eng. Whigs - Tories. Liberals & Conservatives. Towns & villages were self governing. Where there is no conflict every village is a Republic. In England legislation proceeds from King and cabinet minister. Here it emanates from anybody though it is better to get a majority man to introduce a bill. This may be a secret leader, or whip. In Gt. Britain Liberals stand for new legislation. Conservative oppose new. In this country parties combine. Bills Next Lecture At the time of French Revolution women made a Declaration of Women's Rights. French woman wrote book on the subject two years before Mary Woolstonecraft (1792) Condorcet great suffragist France antidates England in Suffrage movement. Brought to an untimely end by law forbidding women to organize. Austria and Germany imitated this law. -7- Bohemia leads in the sagacity of its women. In 1861 (8 yrs. before Wyoming) 45 women voted under Feudal rights. They elected a man who introduced bill giving property holding women to vote of members of Parliament and could be member of it. A woman has recently been elected in 3 successive campaigns but is not seated yet. 2000 votes in Bohemia. Incident of woman in Nantucket who went to early town meetings and quoted her timid husband. If the early women had made a better fight we would not have it so hard now. Mrs. Dennett on States at Present Nevada - thrilling National Situation Democratic party is looking for a long term. -8- Enfranchisement of women and Liquor Dealer's Association. Prohibition & Woman Suffrage entangled in Iowa. Also in So. Dakota Mrs. Catt - a total abstainer. Not a prohibitionist. Must come out and defy liquor dealers of this country. It is undemocratic unamerican uncivilized for the liquor dealers' to exercise such a power. Every retailer log rolls. Wholesalers practically own retailers. It is not the ignorance of the people, and not the anti-suffrage organizations but the liquor interests, the white slavers and and the miserable wrecks who stand in the path of Woman Suffrage. -9- Tired of the Referendum. Daughters of the Revolution have to go on knees to sons of lowest people in the world. Heartily approves present movement in Congress. Prohibition by local option is coming in the Suffrage States. We have arrived at the point where liquor dealers block our progress and we have positive proof of fact. Suggestions to Assembly Dist. Leaders 1. Outline clearly to the Election District captains their duties and give to each a list of enrolled voters and a registration book. 2. Become conversant with entire data of your district 3. Know the political situation and political leaders 4. Secure printed lists of enrolled voters from the commissioner of elections 5. Find out how every voter stands on the Woman Suffrage Bill 6. Increase your district enrollment by all legitimate means canvassing, parlor meetings, street meetings, talks before factory groups, Trade Unions, Literary clubs, Men's clubs, churches, schools and other forms of human activity 7. See that a report of every meeting goes into your local paper and send a marked copy to your assemblyman 8. Send original list of signatures to headquarters. Sara M. Algeo, Gen. Chairman [*1915*] Program of Study Hour with Modern Suffrage Writers. Friday 8:00 P.M. Jackson Bldg. May 15 - Zona Gale - Althea Hall. May 22 - Rheta Childe Dorr - Miss Bauer. May 29 - Mary Johnston - Mary Jackson June 5 - School Hygiene - Dr. Helen C. Putnam June 12 - Humorous Monologues - Mrs. Brickell June 19 - Bernard Shaw - Nettie Bauer. June 26 - Equal Suffrage & the Church - Mary B. Anthony July 3 - Votes for Women A Political Issue - Mrs. Agnes Jencks July 10 - Colorado Strike - Mrs. James J. Brown July 17 - Early Closing Movement - Alice Hunt July 24 - Minister's Night Woman Suffrage - A Religious Issue - Rev. Charles H. Forks July 31 - Miss Doris Stevens Miss Helen Dougherty "Value of Women's Trade Union Leagues" Aug. 7 - Dr. Putnam - Infant Mortality Aug. 14 - Dr. Garvin - Constitutional Convention 1915 Aug. 21 - Mrs. George F. Rooke - Anti-Alcoholic Movement Aug. 28 - Mrs. Sara Fittz - "How a City Gov. Serves a Community." Sept. 4 - S.M. Algeo - Fatigue & Efficiency Sept. 11 - S.M. Algeo - Hopeful signs in R.I. College Equal Suffrage League Headquarters, 610 Butler Exchange Telephone Union 5964 - R Providence, R.I. Public Speaking Leader Miss Morrow Long Teacher in Elocution A few suggestions - 1. Throw the voice charco 2. For breath hold breath and read as long as possible. 3. Relax arms and hands 4. In speaking omit the I as much as possible giving them facts and needs for suffrage. 5. Speak directly to your audience. Mrs. Catt's Suggestions. 1. Learn to size up your audience. Pin what you say to experience and understanding of people to whom you talk. 2. Know your Suffrage History. 3. Keep a suffrage note book always at hand with statistics, suffrage quotations and anecdotes 4. Don't admit any argument vs suffrage. There are none. 5. Make soap-box speaking simple. Take one idea and amplify it. Mr. Winston Churchill the eminent American statesman and well known author of "Richard Carvel," "Coniston," etc., will speak on The Political Situation at Churchill House, on Tuesday, October 22d, at 3:30. Tickets, One Dollar Subscriptions should be sent immediately to Mrs. James W. Algeo, 394 Angell Street. Mrs. William MacDonald Mrs. Henry A. Whitmarsh Mr. Courtney Langdon Parliamentary Procedure. Miss Anne Rhodes Robert's Rules of Order Parliamentary Practice is a combination of method of business and courtesy of procedure. Construction - Motions Main questions or Resolutions. Motions must be stated in the affirmative. 3 Groups of Parliamentary Motions 1 - Subsidiary Motions a - Lay on table previous question - postpone to a certain time or give to a committee, to amend and to postpone indefinitely. Motion to amend is imp. may be to add, subtract, divide or substitute. You may both add & subtract but you must not change intent. You may amend the amendment Only 3 questions at once Ques., Amendment, Amendment to Amendment. -2- Motion to give to a committee. 1- Propose 2- Second & Stated by the chair. Previous question I move the previous question. Shall the debate now be closed? Affirm. vote comes at once. Motion to lay on the table Used to get rid of motion permanently. Previous question needs a 2/3 vote. Whatever districts ordinary routine calls for a 2/3 vote. Motions. A motion must be a single proposition. Duty of chairman to divide a question. Resolved that the trolleys are improperly ventilated &c. Use preambles - Whereas &c. Keynote - Evade difficult points. History of Woman Suffrage - Mrs. Clarkson. 1- First great equal suffrage plea Plato's Republic It rested on education He thought women knew little but needed improvement. 2- England began first to feel stir among women. In 1792 Mary Woolstonecraft wrote her Vindication of the Rights of Women. She was far seeing and just. Mrs. Catt claimed that two years before Mary Woolstonecraft a French woman wrote a book on woman's rights. 3. First Eng. woman of prominence 1687 Mary Astelle About same time Harriot Harcourt School for Women. Daniel DeFoe wanted women to be more companionable. Education is at the bottom of Woman Suffrage movement. 4. Hannah Moore and Elizabeth Fry were exceptional women. -2- Revolt in America fired English women. Constitution of U.S. and Declaration of Independence foundation for Progressive thought. 5. In 1859 John Stuart Mill wrote his "Liberty" and in 1869 his "Subjection of Women." In Mill's time there was a number of brilliant women Mary Somerville, Harriet Martineau, Florence Nightingale. America - 1820 Frances Wright first to preach on educational rights 1821 Troy Female Seminary. 1837 - Mary Lyon - Holyoke. Slavery is all alike. In U.S. Temperance and Anti-slavery predecessors of equal suffrage. Wendel Phillips, N.H. Channing, Henry W. Beecher, James Mott, Samil May, R.W. Emerson, W. Lloyd Garrison stood for W.R. Sarah and Angelina Grimke-lead in abolition movement. Also Abby Kelley and - Chapman. -3- In 1840 World Anti-Slavery Convention held in Eng. Clarkson. President 1848 Seneca Falls Convention 1837 Ernestine Rose presented petition asking equal property rights. In 1848 they were granted. Declaration of Sentiments 12th R - Woman man's equal, creator and highest good of race demands that she be recognized as such. 9th R - That it is the duty of women of this country to secure for themselves their sacred right to the Elective franchise. Another convention in Rochester, N.Y. Aug. 2, 1848 - 3 weeks later. 1847 Lucy Stone antedates Mrs. Stanton & Mrs. Mott First Suffrage Society, Bristol, N.Y. Miss Emily Collins. Oct. 1850 Organization of Nat'l W. S. Asso. Paulina Wright Davis, 9 people signed the call. Antoinette Blackwell only living member present. No patience with tirade against men - Best men of country gave it support. -4- Colonial History "Out of suffering comes wisdom; out of wisdom comes strength; out of strength comes fulfillment." Bancroft's History - Reference Margaret Winthrop - capable, first-rate politician. Roger Williams married a Winthrop Lucy Downing Sister of Gov. Winthrop was the real founder of Harvard Penelope Bellingham a distinct personality Mrs. Thomas Dudley Gave cause noble start. Look up for friendship Lady Deborah Moody Ann Bradstreet - 1st N.E. poetess Sang of freedom and liberty Johanna Hoar - Flints & Quincys. Anne Hutchinson 1636 Ar. in Amer. According to clergy taught dangerous doctrines. A spirit of Holy Ghost dwelt in justified person. Quaker anti-nomian faith. -5- Mary Dyer perished on scaffold. Margaret Brent - Distinguished career. 1647 Lord Calvert left her his property. Wanted 2 votes in Assembly 1 - Vote for Estate of Governor. 2 - Vote for Estate of Lord Baltimore. William Penn "The inner light sheds its blessings on the whole human race. The inner light guides the Quaker. The Quaker cherishes the woman as equal companion of man." Bancroft's history - see Revolutionary Period. Martha & Mary Washington Mrs. Mercy Warren stands out as a genuine suffragist - Wrote a history of the Revolution. Mrs. John Addams wanted women recognized in the Constitution "I will foment a rebellion." First petition to Congress presented by Mrs. Ad[d]ams and Mrs. Warren in 1776 -6- Mrs. Warren is supposed to be the first person who proposed independence of the colonies. Mrs. Hannah Lee Corbin Brother of Gen. Richard Lee. New Jersey had franchise 30 years. 1807 Right taken away. Lucy Stone - earliest pioneer. Ann Royal? 1st militant? Progress in various states - topics assigned. Organization Miss Mary Hay and helpers. 1 - close organization necessary. Illus. of Miss Willard Figure represents indiv woman-suffragist of tom. First is organization of suffragists. The time has come for the crystalization of sentiment. A campaign may be thrust upon us at any time. "Stand to-gether" is the best suffrage motto. If we don't we deserve to lose. Make your organization action and progressive. Characteristics of an organizer. 1- Optimist - never let yourself think it can't be done. You will imbue others. "Come on and help." 2 Always be good-natured. In canvassing go in as though it was the happiest moment of your life. 3- When you ask for money don't put on a long face. -2- 4- Don't try to force your own opinion. Let the people in the district choose own officers. 5- Must have common cause. 6- Never hold a meeting even of three people without a collection. You are teaching people to give. Assembly & Election District. Future - Have to arrange and make successful a public meeting How to raise money. Political parties are organized along line of assembly district. Tammany Hall best organization. Mrs. Nathan chairman of 15th Assembly Dist. in 2 years had absolute enrollment of 2000 names. Both men and women. You have influence in your own district. Election Dist. Capt. most important person. Murphy sent secretary to keep tab on meeting in his dist. Printed slip. Mrs. Catt- Camp on the trail of politicians. Woman Suffrage. Hon. John D. Long Ex-secretary of our Navy said "I have never heard an argument against woman suffrage that was not an insult to the intelligence of a ten-year- old boy." I quite agree with this distinguished gentlemen and honored friend but find when I came to handle the other side of the question in a paper advocating the franchise of women the very super bundance of good and valid arguments becomes embarrassing and it is difficult to choose among so many truly convincing reasons why women should have the vote the ones which may most appeal to my hearers to-night. Women who advocate the ballot are frequently asked Why do want the ballot? You who are safely ensconced in your attractive home surrounded by loving husband and beautiful children? If you who are agreeably employed in -2- a lucrative position? If you who are so busy in the shop or mill in the daytime and so busy mending your clothes at night why should you want to add to your already too well filled day by bothering with the affairs of a nation? To-all these queries my answer would be Ws want the ballot for the same reason that the men want it. So far in our history it has proved the standard means of efficiency in securing those things which man deems essential to the human race, and women want to try it to secure what they deem essential to human [welfare] race. When men find a more efficient maxim we shall probably want that too. We are thoroughly tired of being told that we are better than men and of being treated as though we were not as good. When men -3- make statements of this sort we know that they are either trying to deceive us and by a little judicious flattery win us from a cause repugnant to them or that by frequent repetition they have actually come to deceive themselves and really believe that a superior being should be treated as an inferior. And they sometimes alas succeed in deceiving the women into believing that such is the Gospel truth too. Who of us has not see that distinctly doll-like type of femininity, described so well in David Copperfield as holding the pens for her husband to write with, quite willing to proclaim her superiority. She may know nothing whatsoever of his real interests or problems in life and yet is quite convinced that she is the sum total. If we can believe John Stuart Mill the wife does much in 4 moulding her & husband's opinions He says "The most favourable case which a man can generally have for studying the character of a woman, is that of his own wife; for the opportunities are greater, and the cases of complete sympathy are not so unspeakably rare. And in fact this is the source from which any knowledge worth having on the subject has, I believe, generally come. But most men have not had the opportunity of studying in this way more than a single case, accordingly, one can to an almost laughable degree, infer what a man's wife is like from his opinions about women in general." - John Stuart Mill The dollies of this world may have power and a certain kind of man may enjoy that particular type of woman particularly since she is the result as biologists tell us -5- of natural selection and therefore but represents the visualized embodiment of his choice. How strongly in contrast to such a union as this home[?] stands out the ideal bond described by Mr. Mill. To quote him again "What marriage may be in the case of two persons of cultivated faculties, identical in opinions and purposes, between whom there exists that best kind of equality, similarity of powers and capacities, with reciprocal superiority in them - so that each can enjoy the luxury of looking up to the other, and can have alternately the pleasure of leading and of being led in the path of development - I will not attempt to deviate. To those who can conceive it there is no need; to those who cannot it would appear the dream of an enthusiast. But I maintain, with -6- the profoundest conviction, that this and this only, is the ideal of marriage; and that all opinions, customs, and institutions which favor any other notion of it or turn the conceptions and aspirations connected with it into any other direction, by whatever pretences they may be coloured, are relics of primitive barbarism." It is from liberal minded thinkers like Mill and Richard Cobden that their descendants Mrs. Richard Cobden Sanderson and the Pankhursts derive their high and fine loyalty to duty and ideals. We have spoken of the principle of natural selection so closely allied to the great law of evolution. Let us see what Evolution has to say upon the Woman Question. You may think of me as interpreter simply passing on to you some of the illuminating ideas gleaned from the works and teachings of Prof. Lester [F.] Ward of Brown University 7- with whom it has been my precious privilege to study during the past year and whose outlook upon this world's history is so far-reaching that it makes our own little conception of here and now seem very trivial indeed. Replacing then our own Lilliputian view for his "Archimedean Perspective" let us get away from what he terms the "illusion of the near" and travel back into the dim twilight of the world an uncertain number of millions of years ago and and see how the Woman Movement and Man Movement first began. [Biologists tell us] We are told that in the beginning the female and not the male was first created in the world of life and that she held supremacy long after man reached the stage when he decided to walk upright At this period in the development of the race, called the Matriarchal stage, the mother ruled her kindred and it -8- is not until well along in his evolutionary developement that man takes the controlling power and brings to the keeper of the race the shame and degradation that has been his lot to a great extent ever since though now in certain portions of the world it looks as though women were coming into a recognition of that equality which is their due. Let me explain this theory in another way. Picture to yourselves an imaginary diagram of the progress of life. A single line, the female element may represent the process of life at the beginning for reproduction took place by the asexual method. When for the purpose of differention and variation the premature, asexual organism slipped almost unawares into a sexual method of reproduction we have another element introduced -9- the masculine which we may represent by a line below the female line. But the masculine line gradually climbs up until it crosses the female line and goes far above it. At the present time however we see the female line ascending and if we strain or eyes far into the future we can see two parallel lines [close together] pursing their way peacefully and close to-gether. We do not not claim that man and woman are the same but they are equivalent. as some one has said two branches sprung from our root planted deep in the soil of human life. "Each in that reproduction which is but discontinuous growth hands on an inheritance worn for two. They are co-partners, co-heirs yoked bearers of life. His character may be dynamic -10- and by that we mean more progression, energetic inclined to innovation and destruction. While she may be static in character; in other words conservative, cautious more inclined to remain in a safe harbor and fearful of the unknown. Both aspects are necessary for the right developement of the race and the highest and best kind of a civilization. To me the treatment of this great woman question by sociologists has been a most interesting study only partially complete at the present time. The great Auguste Comte said about us "the mind of women is in a state of continuous childhood." I may say parenthetically that this pessimistic statement came after he had had trouble with his lady love. John Stuart Mill was throughout his life a strong advocate of woman's rights. Herbert Spencer favors them in his Social statics but changed to the opposition in 1877. Condorcet, Robert Peel -11- Lord Salisbury are in the list of supporters. Most of our younger American Sociologists maintain that our onesided civilization of to-day is due to the restricted role of women. I may mention among these Professor Ross of the University of Nebraska, Prof. Patten of the University of Pennsylvania and our own Prof. Dealey of Brown University. If we study the Utopias of the world from Plato's Republic down to [Howell's Utopia] H. G. Well's we find women in a state of social and political equality perhaps because these writers really dare say what they think when their worlds exist only in imagination or perhaps the subjection of one sex by another is incompatible with the idea of a perfect world. To pass on to another phase of this many sided question let us consider the effect -12- of political equality upon woman as an individual. Upon this point Max Eastman secretary of the Men's League for Woman Suffrage of New York says "The great thing to my mind is not that women will improve politics, but that politics will develop women. The political act, the nature of it demands and the recognition it attracts, will alter the character and status of women in society to the benefit of themselves, and of their husbands and of their children and of their homes. Upon this ground we can stand and declare that it is of high and immediate importance to all humanity not only that we give those women the vote who want it, but that we rouse those women who do not know enough to want it to a better appreciation of the great age in which they have the good fortune to live" -13- It is not good for woman to live alone for the interests of herself and family. Nature has ordained that she will think first of her nearest and dearest but there is a big, pulsating throbbing world around her and it is for her to contribute her small mite to the building of the social conscience and then pass on. We are part and parcel of a great community life and it is not for us to shirk our responsibility to that community. You probably remember Jane Addams' story. It was published sometime ago in the Ladies' Home Journal the same magazine by the way, that has recently published the infamous imaginings of a certain man named "Barry of what he wanted to see in Colorado. -14- A respectable woman of American descent finds herself surrounded by families of foreigners. She holds herself and children aloof refusing any interest to the community welfare. She educates her children carefully and finally sends her daughters to an Eastern college. When they return either one or both the exact details have escaped me die of fever contracted through the bad drainage system of the neighbor hood. Such is her reward for her lack of interest in the social welfare. To the great majority of people of this day and generation, I believe, the torch of life is but a trust to be taken up, carried manfully and passed on. We see this awakening of interest in social and civic welfare on all sides. I am told that in Providence alone over twenty organizations -15- exist for their promotion. The college woman is eager to make use of her splendid opportunities and occupy her mind with the broader vital aspects of living. The day of petty gossip is going rapidly and women are reaching out to the big problems. We are becoming more like our sisters across the [?] water whose responsibilities are measured by their opportunities. By the vote we really mean legislation. It is interesting to notice how little legislation there is which does not effect woman equally with man. Let me read to you the words of Jane Addams the foremost of American citizens yet who has not the right of citizenship: [17] THE BALLOT FOR HEALTH AND BEAUTY By Jane Addams In a complex community like the modern city, all points of view need to be represented; the resultants of diverse experiences need to be pooled if the community would make for sane and balanced progress. If it would meet fairly each problem as it arises, whether it be connected with a freight tunnel having to do largely with business men, or with the increasing death-rate among children under five years of age, a problem in which women are vitally concerned, or with the question of more adequate street-car transfers, in which both men and women might be said to be equally interested, it must not ignore the judgments of its entire adult population. To turn the administration of our civic affairs wholly over to men may mean that the American city will continue to push forward in its commercial and industrial development, and continue to lag behind in those things which make a city healthful and beautiful. After all, woman's traditional function has been to make her dwelling-place both clean and fair. Is that dreariness in city life, that lack of the domesticity which the humblest farm dwelling presents, due to a withdrawal of one of the naturally co-operating forces? If women have in any sense been responsible for the gentler side of life which softens and blurs some of its harsher conditions, may they not have a duty to perform in our American cities? If woman would fulfill her traditional responsibility to her own children; if she would educate and protect from danger factory children who must find their recreation on the street; if she would bring the cultural forces to bear upon our materialistic civilization; and if she would do it all with the dignity and directness fitting one who carries on her immemorial duties, then she must bring herself to the use of the ballot - that latest implement for self-government. May we not fairly say that American women need this implement in order to preserve the home? - The Nautilus. -16- women are vitally concerned, or with the question of more adequate street-car transfers, in which both men and women might be said to be equally interested, it must not ignore the judgments of its entire adult population. If woman would fulfill her traditional responsibility to her own children; if she would educate and protect from danger factory children who must find their recreation in the street COLORADO LEGISLATION. Governor Shafroth of Colorado, in response to a request by Mrs. Anna E. Orme for definite information as to the laws which had been enacted through the aid of women, has sent the following letter: - Mrs. Anna M. Orme, Wayne, Pa. Dear Madam: - The following are the laws which I referred to in my speech at Philadelphia as having been enacted largely through the assistance and aid of women: Establishing parental or truant schools. Making father and mother joint heirs of deceased child. Making it a misdemeanor to fail to support aged and infirm parents. Making education compulsory for all children between the ages of eight and sixteen. Other strict compulsory education measures and laws against child labor. Providing for the examinations of the eyes, ears, teeth and breathing capacity of school children (the bill from which this law was enacted was prepared by a woman physician and is the most comprehensive of all such laws in existence in the United States). Requiring lessons in the public schools on the humane treatment of animals. Raising the age of protection for girls to eighteen. Prohibiting men from being supported by the earnings of immoral women. Abolishing the binding out of girls committed to the State Industrial School. Enabling School Boards to pension teachers. Requiring the joint signature of husband and wife to every chattel mortgage, sale of household goods used by the family, or conveyance or mortgage of a homestead. Validating the wills of married women. Factory inspection, requiring three inspectors, one of whom shall be a woman. Establishing a State Traveling Library Commission, consisting of women. Establishing the indeterminate sentence for prisoners. For the inspection of private eleemosynary institutions by the State Board of Charities. Making the methods of the sweat-box in connection with the examination of prisoners a felony. Requiring that at least three of the six members of County Visiting Boards shall be women. A pure food law. For tree preservation. Prohibiting the killing of doves except in August. And in Colorado the elector cannot longer vote by the pictured rooster, eagle or other figure, since the active work of women assisted in banishing the emblems from the Australian ballot, making it necessary for the voter to be educated at least to the extent of reading the names of the candidates. With best wishes, I remain, Yours truly, (Signed) John F. Shafroth, Governor. -18- The list of laws given by Gov. Shafroth of Colorado which has been enacted through the aid of women show the trend of the feminine mind in legislation; Some of these are; [*-22- The situation in New York Sat Ev Post Apr 15, 1911*] Votes for Women For a long time women teachers in New York schools have urged that, for doing the same work as men, they should receive the same pay. The salary commission has held that men teachers contribute "masculinity, man's viewpoint of life, power, elements of strength, of executive force, positive convictions, practical sense, breadth of vision and sound judgment, manly influence, man's interest in mechanical contrivances and man's duties as a citizen." We don't remember whether the commission pointed out that at least half the pupils are girls, and women teachers contribute femininity, woman's viewpoint of life, power, elements of strength, womanly influence, and so on. If one thinks lack of positive convictions characterizes the woman teacher let him get her to talking about equal pay with men for doing equal work. Usually she will display convictions of the most positive nature - as well as the practical sense, breadth of vision and sound judgment that enable her go pursue those convictions in the most effective manner open to her; but the concluding disadvantage she has to confess. She cannot contribute "man's duties as a citizen." Men will not let her. When men withhold the ballot from women, and allege that as a ground for withholding higher pay, it is no wonder women say the only reason they cannot get higher pay is because they cannot vote and the only reason they cannot vote is because they cannot get higher pay. -23- We of these great United States of America pride ourselves upon our democracy. I feel that I can find no stronger conclusion for a plea for Universal Suffrage than the words of my friend Mrs. Susan Fitzgerald of Boston a distinguished graduate of Bryn Mawr who is devoting her life with all its splendid opportunities to the cause for which I am speaking to-night. These are her words. R.I.S.S.A. Oct. 9, 1913. Greetings from College League [*6 yrs - 45*] " " W.S.P. and plea for workers on Woman's Journal Day, Sat Nov 1 8 to 8 meet at headquarters 602 Jackson B. Mrs. Catt's School 1 - Gen. description 150 in place of 50 Mrs. Catt dominating personality Introduction to great campaign in N. Y. Lectures in the evening by specialists 2 - Courses Public Speaking Parliamentary Procedure History of Woman Suffrage Organization 3 - Conversation with Mrs. Catt, 1 - Liquor Dealers 2 - Presidential Suffrage Bill -2- head the organization and preside at all the meetings. No propaganda - religious social or [?]. Best speakers available "consistent and persistent purpose on the part of all to be absolutely fair to all". Equally divided on the value of question and debate on part of speakers. Ford Hall - question Rochester Form - debate. an opportunity to study questions as a whole and the right to answer back. "The church under the influence of the [form?] idea is coming to realize that just outside the door of the church there lie unbounded wealth of spiritual value. A CLASS IN THE STUDY OF SUFFRAGE FOR THE MEN AND WOMEN OF GREATER PROVIDENCE Under the Auspices of the Providence Woman Suffrage Party will be held at the Y. M. C. A. Building, 160 Broad Street, on Saturday evenings at 8 o'clock, beginning March 17th and ending on May 19th with a banquet. Men and women interested in knowing the fundamental principles of the Woman Suffrage Movement are invited to join. The only charge will be 20 cents, in payment for the printed copies of the course of lessons, compiled by the National American Woman Suffrage Association, which will serve as a text-book. March 17. Lesson 1 - Meaning of Suffrage. March 24. Lesson 2 - Extension of the Ballot to Men. March 31. Lesson 3 - Progress of Women. April 7. Lesson 4 - Winning the Vote--by Federal Amendment: by State Amendment. April 14. Lesson 5 - Why the Ballot Needs the Women -- Why the Women Need the Ballot. April 21. Lesson 6 - Why Women Workers Need the Ballot. April 28. Lesson 7 - What Women Have Done with the Ballot. May 5. Lesson 8 - Objections to Women Suffrage Answered. May 12. Lesson 9 - The Real Enemies of Woman Suffrage. Who Are Suffragists? May 19. Banquet. Applications may be made to Mrs. James W. Algeo, Chairman of the Providence Woman Suffrage Party, 394 Angell Street, leader of the class, and to Mr. Thomas Hardman, 46 Cleveland Street, Central Falls, Secretary. Authorities on the various phases of the subject will be invited to lead the discussions. 18 1 - work is like a spiral staircase. 2 - Historical perspective is necessary in order that we may not be carried away by the illusion of the near. Think of our work in broad general terms. 3. A bit of R. I. history 1868 meeting in Roger Williams Hall - Mrs. Davis president 1884 - State House was granted for Suffrage convention 1886 - 87 Campaign Amendment was submitted to the people 5000 men voted in favor -2- 1892 - Presidential Suffrage Bill was presented and Eliz Buffum Chase then 86 years of age spoke for it 1907 College League was formed 1913 Woman Suffrage Party was formed Two great assets of the Woman Suffrage Party Its name Its form of organization Some ideals for which we must stand. -3- 1 - avoid useless criticism. 2 - Recognize the inclusiveness of the movement and give credit to all 3 - Maintain our poise Hobson's thesis found that if character is the criterion for voting then women should vote. 4 - Insist upon the democracy of the movement Efficiency not race creed nor color should determine our choice of leaders. WOMAN SUFFRAGE PARTY 602 Jackson Building TREASURER, MRS. GEORGE W. PARKS 123 Waterman Street Pledge _____ Detach and keep as memorandum Woman Suffrage Party Name ___ Address ___ I Pledge ____ State definitely whether paid in monthly installments or at once. WOMAN SUFFRAGE PARTY 602 Jackson Building TREASURER, MRS. GEORGE W. PARKS 123 Waterman Street Pledge _____ Detach and keep as memorandum Woman Suffrage Party Name ___ Address ___ I Pledge ____ State definitely whether paid in monthly installments or at once. WOMAN SUFFRAGE PARTY 602 Jackson Building TREASURER, MRS. GEORGE W. PARKS 123 Waterman Street Pledge _____ Detach and keep as memorandum Woman Suffrage Party Name ___ Address ___ I Pledge ____ State definitely whether paid in monthly installments or at once. Miss Dutcher child labor - Mrs. Barns. over 8,000,000 women average wage 5.00 a week No single man in family was earning enough to support family in comfort in Rhode Island. All the rest of family needed. Jersey mosquito - Angels bite Compulsory Mutual Benefit Assn. bad thing Siegel used money on instruments Lord & Taylor -minimum wage $9.00 Wanamakers _________ " Miss Haight - Few Lords and Ladies in R. I. Pestalozzi - 2 Corp. 'The Red Flag" (Tune, "My Maryland," No. 62.) The people's flag is deepest red ; It sheltered oft our martyred dead, And ere their limbs grew stiff and cold Their heart's blood dyed its every fold. Chorus. Then raise the scarlet standard high ; Within its shade we'll live and die. Tho' cowards flinch and traitors sneer, We'll keep the red flag flying here. Look around, the Frenchman loves its blaze; The sturdy German chants its praise : In Moscow's vaults its hymns are sung ; Chicago swells the surging throng. It waved above our infant might, When all ahead seemed dark as night ; It witnessed many a deed and vow ; We must not change its color now. It well recalls the triumphs past, It gives the hope of peace at last -- The banner bright, the symbol plain Of human right and human gain. It suits to-day the weak and base, Whose minds are fixed on pelf and place. To cringe before the rich man's frown And haul the sacred emblem down. With heads uncovered swear we all, To bear it onward till we fall ; come dungeon dark, or gallows grim, This song shall be our parting hymn. 18 Speech of Mrs. Raymond Rob[lins] Robins need of the ballot by wage-earning women of the U.S. 8,000,000 working women. This means wage-earning women. Advertisements for stenographers at $3 or $4 a week. Past 100 years marks an industrial revolution. Woman has now gone the circle of employments. The control of conditions in the industrial world is becoming a question of politics. Must have self government. 1 - Comes organization 2 - Larger demand to express through laws of country. Now more than a personal reasoning is necessary. Wages along is a great question. In Illinois it is declared illegal to pay in anything but money. Formerly the saloon was requested to cash check instead of grocer. Sanitation, Doors locked against regulations important questions. Jobs as factory inspectors are denied Mr. Winston Churchill the eminent American statesman and well know author of "Richard Carvel," "Coniston," etc., will speak on The Political Situation at Churchill House, on Tuesday, October 22d, at 3.30. Tickets, One Dollar Subscriptions should be sent immediately to Mrs. James W. Algeo, 394 Angell Street. Mrs. William Macdonald Mrs. Henry A. Whitmarsh Mr. Courtney Langdon -2- Mrs. Robins women because votes are needed by persons in contro. In industrial conflict strikes show connection between indus. conditions and political. Woodmen cut down tree with a pen knife (Influence without votes). Story of man from Tennessee. "Why should I be bothering about children Good God that is your work." Handicap of women workers is same as that of unenfranchised men. Not a ques. of skill. High school grad of Russia in Phil. strike. "Seven policemen and but one of me." 8 hour day. Women printers could not express sentiment against judges. Women who are hard pressed should be given vote more than any other class. Indus. freedom Womans freedom Two angles of same problem. -3- Mrs. Robbins 50,000,000 organized trade machinists Head house story. Demand for ten policewomen in Chicago came from ignorant women's vote. Ignorant woman's (and by that we mean poor woman's) need is greater. All occupations should organize. Jane Addams Speaks Miss Addams took up the weakmindedness of vicious boys and girls, and reported that, since women had obtained the ballot in Illinois, a new institution was to be erected for the custody of this class. The rest of her speech was perhaps the best argument for Woman Suffrage that has ever been made, yet it was simply a recital of the change that had come over the courts and other departments of the Chicago city government since, with the advent of women into power, "human consideration had permeated legal procedures." -2- Surrey May 27, 1916 "The gospel of reconciliation as the compelling notion of social activity" Ideals -- Methods "Ideal form was thought to be one founded upon a basis group of representative citizens of all sorts and classes ; having a neutral meeting place which would not stir any prejudice or arouse any distrust : a place where nothing offensive to race, class or creed would be allowed; an institution which would be self- supporting, financed by the voluntary contributions of the members of the community served ; an institution serving the whole community - not any particular class. conduct of meetings Permanent director and chairman the same person one who would A CLASS IN THE STUDY OF SUFFRAGE FOR THE Men and Women of Greater Providence Under the Auspices of the Providence Woman Suffrage Party will be held at the Y. M. C. A. Building, 160 Broad Street, on Saturday evenings at 8 o'clock, beginning March 17th and ending on May 19th with a banquet. Men and women interested in knowing the fundamental principles of the Woman Suffrage Movement are invited to join. The only charge will be 20 cents, in payment for the printed copies of the course of lessons, compiled by the National American Woman Suffrage Association, which will serve as a text-book. March 17. Lesson 1 - Meaning of Suffrage. March 24. Lesson 2 - Extension of the Ballot to Men. March 31. Lesson 3 - Progress of Women. April 7. Lesson 4 - Winning the Vote - by Federal Amendment: by State Amendment April 14. Lesson 5 - Why the Ballot Needs the Women - Why the Women Need the Ballot. April 21. Lesson 6 - Why Women Workers Need the Ballot. April 28. Lesson 7 - What Women Have Done with the Ballot. May 5. Lesson 8 - Objections to Women Suffrage Answered. May 12. Lesson 9 - The Real Enemies of Woman Suffrage. Who Are Suffragists? May 19. Banquet. Applications may be made to Mrs. James W. Algeo, Chairman of the Providence Woman Suffrage Party, 394 Angell Street, leader of the class, and to Mr. Thomas Hardman, 46 Cleveland Street, Central Falls, Secretary. Authorities on the various phases of the subject will be invited to lead the discussions. 18 Outlook 1915 The Open Forum One of the most potent influences on individual and community life in this country today is the open forum 200 forums & number still increasing Differ in organization and management. Some supported by churches " definite community activities and are supported by voluntary contributions School centers YMCA and numerous other organizations have organized them Chief feature is an address on a topic of vital contemporary -2- interest - economic, sociological or ethical - followed by questions and open discussion Edward A. Steiner, Charles Zeublin, Meyer London, Walter Rauschenbusch and Stephen S. Wise among speakers Some of them have music and some [?comd] religions vote as most are held on Sundays. Some forums are attended almost wholly by aliens. "There is doubtless no greater democratizing influence in America to-day than in the open forum. Its educational value cannot be over estimated; it is -3- higher education for the masses of people. "The open forum has made for open-mindedness and understanding brotherhood and fellowship! Where the forum has been used for free discussion of community problems it has brought about a unity of spirit and action and the establishment of needed civic reforms. At all times Washington is a brilliant city, a fitting Mecca for new brides and grooms and a perfect harmony of symmetric and orderly beauty the equal of which nowhere exists in this country. But Washington transformed by the two greatest spectacles [of one year of] our time affords a Suffrage and an Inauguration Parade transcends itself and becomes a creation worthy of [the great] Aladdin's lamp. [If not The touch of] The power of the magicians touch began boldly to show itself on Saturday, March 3d Mingled with the [stars] 2 Inaugural decorations of gay bunting and the stars and stripes, [appeared] the suffrage colors appeared on the shop [plecoralyis] fronts. [and] respect [???] of Votes for women pennants were [called] for sale in the hands of every street vendor and in place of the [big] red balloon for which we spent our last drive [of] in our childhood [days fo] huge clusters of big round yellow balloons marked a new era in the affairs of men. [T] The crowd at the time had also begun to assemble that crowd which comes from all the country [at] armed for which the -3- Washington shop keepers make [emon special] special preparations and which makes holiday until after Inauguration. Naturally the Equal Suffrage Headquarters on 7 St. [was] were our first objective point and they were clearly indicated by the crowd congregated about the door and the congested appearance within. Here it was my great good fortune to see "General" Rosalie Jones and various members of her army. Gen. Rosalie is a slight brown-haired brown eyed little woman [with] evidently with a [strong] keen sense of humor and -4- a good knowledge of values. She said to me quite seriously that she and her army were but making use of one of three ancient methods of propaganda Pageant, Parade and Pilgrimage ; they had secured valuable space in every newspaper in the country from Maine to California and [that they] had been accompanied [th] by thirty-five war correspondents Col Craft who apparently represented the practical side of the ex- -5- pedition. While she lacked the piquancy of Miss Jones had a determined, never-say-die expression which indicated how she had accomplished the "hike" of two hundred and fifty miles. [The] She said that as farmers do not like automobiles "hiking" was the best manner of reaching them and that already invitations had come in from a number of rural districts for a similar campaign. Another of the Pilgrims when asked what [melter] message might carry home to Rhode Island suffragists replied "Tell them to go straight ahead looking neither -6- to the right nor left never backward, and make up their minds to get there and they will." It has been somewhat surprising to me that no mention [has been] was made in our daily papers of the remarkable meeting held in the Columbia Theatre on Sunday afternoon. In addition to the door receipts which must have been considerable as the house was packed, money and subscriptions to the sum of $3000 were raised with little difficulty. It was a wonderfully inspiring meeting full of exultation -7- our past triumphs and of hope for those to come. Michigan was put down as our next vantage ground and a strong plea was made for workers and money. It is good to know at this time that [at this] both have been [sent in] liberally. [quantities] In regard to the Parade itself the viewpoint [of that] renders of necessity my description rather limited Located as I was in the States Division beside New Mexico behind Massachusetts and New Hampshire [and flanked] [by if his] with Ohio in the rear my immediate vision included the -8- banners of practically all the states held well aloft and surrounded by groups of women some large others small. There were three other states which like Rhode Island had but one woman to uphold their banner - [Indiana] New Mexico, So Dakota, and Oklahoma. [The Oklahoma] whose flag was carried by a girl scout on horseback charmingly dressed [as in] [gay blanket and] as an Indian maiden. Several rows from where we stood [in preparation] before falling -9- into our place in the Parade we could see other sections assembling among them the Liberty Bell float from Philadelphia, Belva Lockwood riding in state on the 1870 float, Rosalie Jones and her army escorted by a large troop of repentent naval cadets. You know they did not treat the "hikers" very politely on their arrival and then asked to compensate by acting as her escort. We could see also glimpses of the emancipated states who as voters had a front place in the procession and we could 10 see a valiant band of Progressive women led by Alice Carpenter. But I at least had to be told that the Doctors' group was all imposing our that the Congressional group, the College [numerous] women, the college students and the others who went to make up that vast army of twelve thousand were a splendid argument for the cause for my vision was obscured by the vast concourse of people who two hundred thousand strong flanked the line of march and after coming -11- to the negligence of men who had failed to grasp the magnitude of the spectacle to be presented to them helped marr it by [not failing to clearing] [Pennsylvania Ave] pressing in too closely on the marchers [and] thus bringing disorder into the ranks. The women of our nation will not soon forget that had the same precautions been used as were employed on the following day when twenty thousand voters marched down Pennsylvania Ave all complaint would have been unnecessary and Washington would have been given a wonderful spectacle, unmarred by negligence -12- and improper handling. I was told also by eye witnesses that the tableaux on the steps of the Treasury Building were most satisfying in their aesthetic and dramatic appeal [and] results amply justifying the arduous labor of Mrs. Glenna Smith Tinnin and Miss Hazel MacKaye. -9- One of the most potent influences on individual and community life in this country today is the open forum over 200 of which now exist with the number still increasing. Charles Sprague Smith Founded People's Institute in 1897. He was professor of compative literature in Columbia Now Mr. Sanderson Church Forums YMCA and other agencies 10- Providence Civic Forum- 17 meetings Nov 5- March 11 omitting two utilizations of the social forces. Prof. Ward Speakers & program. I desire to subscribe ________________toward the Serbian fund being raised by Mrs. Pankhurst. Name Address I desire to subscribe _______________ toward the Serbian fund being raised by Mrs. Pankhurst. Name Address Summary - Platform of Principles Illinois brought in 1,500,000 votes and would swing Election in 1920 and would swing N. Y. in 1920. Do it in 1915 to obtain this advantage If you wait until 1920 before by that time all the other states "OUR GREATEST ORATOR" DR. ANNA HOWARD SHAW President of the National American Woman Suffrage Association Infantry Hall, Tuesday, Jan 19, 1915 EIGHT O'CLOCK TICKET, (Reserved) FIFTY CENTS 18 WOMAN SUFFRAGE PARTY Interesting to follow wonderful oratory of the period. Quote examples Augustine Rise Wendell Phillips Henry Ward Beecher Vol. II P. 163 1- Beecher and every true and wise Christian woman is bound to have a thought for the village, for the county, for the State and for the nation. That was not the kind of woman that brought me up - a woman that never thought of anything outside of her own door yard. My mother's house was as wide as Christ's house; and she taught me to understand the words -2- of Him that said, "The field is the world; and whoever needs is your brother." A woman that is content to [make] [was] knit stockings and make Johnny cake, and to look after and bring up her boys faultless to a button and that never thinks beyond the meal tub and whose morality is so small as to be confined to a single house, is an undergrown woman and will spend the first 5000 years after death in coming to that state in which she ought to have been before she died 4- 4 - Great Events to remember - 1 - The World's Anti-Slavery Convention - June 12, 1840. 2 - First Woman's Rights Convention, Seneca Falls, July 19-20 1848. 3 - Also in 1848 Property rights of women secured. New York R.I. 1844. 4 - 1848 First medical college opened to women. Miss Elizabeth Blackwell admitted to Geneva, NY. 5 1850 - First National Convention in Worcester - carried through practically by Paulina Wright Davis. -4- (Cont.) 6 - First petitions to Congress 1865 vs. word male in 14th Amendment. 7 - Kansas Campaign 1867 Lucy Stone opened campaign 8 - 15th Amendment 1870 granting colored people right to vote. Henry Ward Beecher only staunch one for woman's rights. Reconstruction period. 9 - [Admission] When State became suffrage Wyoming 1869 Utah 1870 Colorado 1893 1895 Idaho 1896 -4- Cont. 10 - Rhode Island Campaign for Woman Suffrage in 1887 (passed house & senate 1885-86 by 2/3 Lost by people 6,889 ayes 21,957 noes) Pembroke 1892 11. 1892 - Presidential Suffrage Bill - Not reported. 1895 - Full suffrage - passed house but lost in assembly -5- Advance of woman in other phases of Feminist Movement 1 - Abolitionist 2 - Educational 3 - Temperance 4 - Church 5 - Divorce or marriage laws 6 - Property rights -6- 6 - Real place of woman in history not place assigned to her by man, a. Woman's military Genius. b. Women in newspapers. The first daily newspaper in the world was established and edited by a woman - Ed by Eliz. Mallet, London March 1701. It was called The Daily Courant The first newspaper printed in Rhode Island was by Anna Franklin 1732. -7- conclusion - Resolution P. 8 - Wendell Phillips Res. 7 -1- Introduction Historical perspective. Isabella Beecher Hooker Story. Preconceived ideas proved erroneous. A gallery of handsome women - long haired men and short haired women" pure nonsense. Fine faces of great intellectual leaders. -2- 2 - Fascination of following in hourly detail the lives of such women as Frances [??] Ernestine Rose, the Grimke sisters, Lucretia Mott, Harriet Martineau, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. No greater perhaps than watching the evolution of Jane Addams, Mrs. Pankhurst, Mrs. Catt, and such a wonderful creature as Alice Paul. MRS. CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT, President of the International Suffrage Alliance, will be the guest of the Rhode Island College Equal Suffrage League on Thursday morning the third of April. You are invited to a conference of Suffragists to be conducted by MRS. CATT on the "Woman's Suffrage Party," to be held on that date in Manning Hall, Brown University, at ten-thirty o'clock. SARA M. ALGEO, President EMMA G. MILLER, ELIZABETH POPE, Directors BESSIE E. BLOOM. MRS. CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT, President of the International Suffrage Alliance, will be the guest of the Rhode Island College Equal Suffrage League on Thursday morning the third of April. You are invited to a conference of Suffragists to be conducted by MRS. CATT on the "Woman's Suffrage Party," to be held on that date in Manning Hall, Brown University, at ten-thirty o'clock. SARA M. ALGEO, President ANNIE H. BARUS EMMA G. MILLER, ELIZABETH POPE, Directors BESSIE E. BLOOM. MRS. CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT, President of the International Suffrage Alliance, will be the guest of the Rhode Island College Equal Suffrage League on Thursday morning the third of April. You are invited to a conference of Suffragists to be conducted by MRS. CATT on the "Woman's Suffrage Party," to be held on that date in Manning Hall, Brown University, at ten-thirty o'clock. SARA M. ALGEO, President EMMA G. MILLER, ELIZABETH POPE, Directors BESSIE E. BLOOM. MRS. CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT, President of the International Suffrage Alliance, will be the guest of the Rhode Island College Equal Suffrage League on Thursday morning the third of April. You are invited to a conference of Suffragists to be conducted by MRS. CATT on the "Woman's Suffrage Party," to be held on that date in Manning Hall, Brown University, at ten-thirty o'clock. SARA M. ALGEO, President EMMA G. MILLER, ELIZABETH POPE, Directors BESSIE E. BLOOM. -1- Friends - It is a great privilege to-night to enjoy the calm and gracious hospitality of our beautiful Roger Williams [Church] Meeting House Hallowed as it is by historic tradition and sacred association we can well apply to it Mrs. Herman's familiar lines "Ay, call it holy ground The soil where first they trod They have left unstained what there they found Freedom to worship God." Permit me to take this opportunity to thank those -2- who have generously opened its doors. We trust that our meeting tonight will add one more to the many notable gatherings which have assembled here. The pastor of this historic edifice Rev. John F. Vichert has a few words of welcome for you and our destiny- rushed guest. Miss Mary E. Jackson, President Rhode Island Union of Colored Women's Clubs. Work of the Colored Women of R. I." Woman Suffrage Party 602 Jackson Building Name Address I pledge Treasurer, MRS. GEORGE W. PARKS, 123 Waterman Street, Providence, R. I. 18 Woman Suffrage Party 602 Jackson Building Name Address I pledge Treasurer, MRS. GEORGE W. PARKS, 123 Waterman Street, Providence, R. I. 18 -1- 1 Rhode Island, the Spirit of Liberty stands Welcoming thee with outstretched hands and saying "To Thee is given to share The [greatest] choicest gift [fond] her bands can bear 2 An Equal gift to women and men To share [in] life's work with voice and pen To carry into the public mart The father's strength and the mother's heart 3 Take it this priceless Ballot for Both And use it in future nothing loth 394 Angell Street Providence R.I. December 18, 1916 Fellow Suffragist: On the desk before me lies a letter from our National President, Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt. On account of the overwhelming demands made upon the treasury of the National Association, she urges the immediate payment of the pledge of $400 made by our Providence Woman Suffrage Party at the September Convention. So we appeal to you, as one who believes in the justice and righteousness of giving the franchise to women, while your heart is tender with the spirit of Christmas, to remember that no cause is more worthy of your loving thought than that of Votes for Women. By sending a contribution at this time, you will not only help to make a happier Christmas for our National Officers, but you will also remove a great burden from the shoulders of our City Committee, which assumed as a distinct moral obligation this pledge as its fair share toward the fund for National work. Will you please send your gift, however great or small, to our treasurer, Mrs. Mabel Nichols, 142 Humboldt Ave., or to me at 394 Angell St., and we will see that it is forwarded at once to our National Treasurer, Mrs. Harry Wade Rogers, 171 Madison Ave,. New York City. Sincerely yours, Chairman, Providence Woman's Suffrage Party -2- To show to [our] your neighbors East and West, That [the State of] Rhode Island [will do its] women can stand the test best. 4. To teach that this good old world of ours By the combination of both the powers Of men and women with out a fetter May in time become much better. 5. The scribe of the future will doubtless note What women do with their precious vote a worthy record may be indite In the sacred story of human right -3- 6 May the ideals of women be writ clear and plain In the laws of the future that come under their name A Square Deal for Babies may this be their slogan A Square Deal for women whose hearts may be broken 7 By burdens too heavy for shoulders to bear Imposed by a man governed state without knowledge to care For motherhood's needs or childhood's demand In a masculine state and a man made land 8. 'A saloonless nation' is now the cry a saloonless Rhode Island if women but try To drive from their streets with might and with main -4- The beast which numbers among its slain 9 More than the wars of all the world, No better banner can be unfurled By the votes of women [eager] their devotion to prove To the sons they adore and the husbands they love 10 Than Prohibition's pure white ground Where peace and good will in gold letters are found Ah, Rhode Island women ye have made your talk Of Equal pay for Equal work 11 Of a cleaner city yet to be Of garbage and ashes collected free Of Shorter hours and higher pay For women who labor throughout the day -5- 12 And for the women who work by night A rest from the factory's cruel blight Your hour has struck the time has now come To show to people in your home (here at home) 13 That no idle boasts were made by you In regard to what the vote would do. It now is yours, a sacred right A tower of strength a pillar of light 14 To guide your hand in a righteous cause To put mercy and justice in humanity's laws cherish it, use it, and pray God to lead you aright for all time both in word and in deed. v— / vv— / vv— / vv— — / vv— / v— / v— 3. may ideals of women stand forth clear and plain Laws of their making bear no stain. "A square deal for babies" their slogan aye be Also for women, who should be made free From burdens too heavy for shoulders to bear Placed by the state, since none may care For motherhoods needs or for childhood's demands Where tis the males who rule the land, A nation saloonless is now the great cry Why not Rhode Island? if women try BENEFIT —FOR THE— National American Woman Suffrage Association Churchill House FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1917 4. To drive from their streets with sheer might and with main Beasts which number among their slain A toll greater far than the wars of the world, Banners for temperance be now unfurled. And thus by your votes may you shield from dread fear Husbands you love and sons you rear. In letters of gold on a white spotless ground Peace and good will should ere be found, Rhode Island women now by votes may you ask, Equal be pay for equal task, For cities made cleaner and so shall they be, Garbage and ashes collected free, AT 8 P. M. WAR BRIDES By Kind Permission of Mme. Nazimova. JULIA WILLIAMSON Supervisor of Story Hour in the Free Libraries of Philadelphia. "The Art of Story Telling" ADMISSION CARDS $1.00 MUSIC Auspices Providence Women Suffrage Party 18 5. For women who labor throughout the whole day Shorter the hours and higher pay. And too for the women who work in the night Rest from the fact'ry's cruel blight. BENEFIT —FOR THE— National American Woman Suffrage Association CHURCHILL HOUSE FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1917 AT 8 P. M. WAR BRIDES By Kind Permission of Mme. Nazimova. JULIA WILLIAMSON Supervisor of Story Hour in the Free Libraries of Philadelphia. "The Art of Story Telling" Plan of work of Woman Suffrage Party. 1913-1914. 1 — To maintain headquarters. -2- 2— To work for Presidential Suffrage. -3- 3— To open up 100 Rep- districts in Rhode Island. "The fact that a good many women do not want to vote does not prove anything except that their sense of political and social responsibility has been numbed by centuries of non-participation." From sermon by Dr. Atkins I am impressed by the number of times I read the expression "The burden of voting," in the written words of the anti-suffragists. It refers, of course, to the theory that voting will add to the burdens of women. Now as I go about my daily business I often put similar questions to the different people with whom I have a friendly speaking acquaintance. Perhaps I put my query to the young mail-carrier who sits beside me in the street-car, perhaps to the conductor of the car as we wait a long two minutes on the switch, or possibly to the men teachers with whom I chance to dine at night. I say: "Are you interested in politics?", or "Are you going to vote, this coming election?" or perhaps: "May I ask who is your choice for President, next term?" I always speak rather casually, and I invariably await their replies with an intensity of interest which is probably not apparent to my acquaintance. And over and over and over again I receive similar replies to my questions. They say that they are "Not interested." They say "Whoever is chosen for President makes no difference to them," but almost invariably they affirm that "Politics nowadays are so rotten that they will not have anything to do with them." The best men I know do at least vote. They take pains, in November to say who they would prefer for Governor, mayor, representatives or even school-committee, but many and many a decent young man whom I know will not do even this if the act entails the least inconvenience or expense. So now I wonder why the ladies opposed to suffrage lay so much stres on the "burden" that will be imposed on them if we, who crave the privilege of sharing the government of our country obtain it. Surely they need not use this right unless they so wish. It will be as optional with them, at least, as with their brothers. I am sure that the men who do prize their right to vote would never concede that this right should be taken from them because so many men are indifferent to their privilege. No more should our sisters opposed wish to deprive us of the privilege which we desire. What does Ruskin say to us women? He says: "There is not a war in the world, no, nor an injustice, but you women are answerable for it; not in that you have provoked, but in that you have not hindered. Men, by their nature, are prone to fight; they will fight for any cause, or for none. It is for you to choose their cause for them, and to forbid them when there is no cause. There is no suffering, no injustice, no misery in the earth, but the guilt of it lies lastly with you. Men can bear the sight of it, but you should not be able to bear it. Men may tread it down without sympathy in their own struggle, but men are feeble in sympathy and contracted in hope; it is you only who can feel the depths of pain; and conceive the way of its healing. Instead of doing this, you turn away from it; you shut yourselves within your park walls and garden gates; and you are content to know that there is beyond them a whole world in wilderness- a world of secrets which you dare not penetrate; and of suffering which you dare not conceive. I tell you that this is to me [the] quite the most amazing among the phenomena of humanity. I am surprised at no depths to which, when once warped from its honor, that humanity can be degraded. ------But this is wonderful to me- oh, how wonderful!- to see her with every innocent feeling fresh within her, go out in the morning into her garden to play with the fringes of the guarded flowers, and lift their heads when they are dropping, with her happy smile upon her face, and no cloud upon her brow, because there is a little wall around her place of peace; and yet she knows, in her heart, if she would only look for its knowledge , that outside of that little rose-covered wall, the wild grass, to the horizon, is torn up by the agony of men, and beat level by the drift of their life-blood." And, finally, may I quote to you, reverently, the words of Bishop Brooks, as given in the speech of Mary E. Woolley before the Nat'l Education Association, St. Paul. She says: "One of his messages to men of the [18th] 19th century we may well take as a message to the women of the 20th." "Oh, do not pray for easy lives. Pray to be stronger women. Do not pray for tasks equal to your powers. Pray for powers equal to your tasks. Then doing of your work shall be no miracle. But you shall be a miracle. Every day you shall wonder at yourself, at the richness of life which has come to you by the grace of God." -Althea Louise Hall. 9 states and Aalaska, full suffrage. ?? 5 States passed once ?? nicipal Suffrage for women. 7 Campaign States now. Nebraska N. Dak., S. Dak., Ohio, Missouri, Montana, Nevada. 1. Lincoln 2. We are what 3. Map [*Pioneers*] 4. Lucy Stone (education) 5. Susan B. Anthony (industries & professions) 6. Elizabeth Cady Stanton (married woman's property right) 7. Julia Ward Howe 8. Idiot paster 9. Stand back ladies! [*Objections answered!*] [*Women are rep. by votes of men*] 10. Bachelor 21 11. Man with family 12. Father Mother & Baby [*Women don't know enough about business*] 13. Stock certificate 14. House [*Women can't fight & should not vote*] 15. Old man 16. Jane Addams [*Women too busy: Voting would interfere with their business - the core of the house*] 17. Man going to business 18. Woman going to market [*Women would have to hold public office*] 19. Ella Flagg Young 20. Mayor of Hunnewell [*It would double the foreign vote. Give statistics 12 native to one foreign woman*] 21. Foreign woman [*It would double the ignorant vote 1/3 more girls than boys graduating from high school*] 22. High school [*It would double the criminal vote. 20 men to every one woman in jails in this country*] 23. Jail What women should do with their ballots. [*A. Better city housekeeping*] {24. Dirty cows 25. Clean cows} {26. Dirty bottling 27. Clean bottling} {28. Dirty bakery 29. Clean bakery} {30. Dirty alley 31. Clean alley} 32. Dirty back yard 33. Barrels splitting 34. Dirty street, uncovered barrels 35. Children playing in dirty crowded street 36. Children playing in municipal playground under supervision [*B. Abolition of sweat shops*] 37. Willow workers 38. Embroidering crepe de chine 39. Carrying sweat shop closing to dept. store 40. Factory girl poster [*C. Abolition of child labor*] 41. Tending cart for father 42. Breaker boys. 43. Cotton mill girl 48 in. high 44. Selling papers at saloon. 45. Messenger boys playing poker. 46. Cold— 47. Cod cow & cabbage 48. Age. childhood & poverty 49. Battleship. 50. Methods of working for ballot 50. Posting bill notices 51. Chalking pavements 52. Establishing headquarters (R.I. cartoon? 53. Selling W.J. on streets 54. Distributing literature by automobile 55. Talking to working men (open air meetings 56. Booth at fairs 57. Sandwich girls. 58. Factory meetings 59. Election Day workers. [*N.Y. Parade*] 60. Banner "Forward out of error etc" 61. College women 62. Lawyers & professional women 63. Mothers 64. Working women 65. Tenement house dwellers 66. Ambulance 67. Men's league 68. Open air meetings [*end of N.Y. parade] 69. Footprints 70. California poster 71. Liberty welcoming the 6th Star The most domestic of women may surely be allowed to leave the hearth once every four years or so to record her vote. Israel Zangwill. (Adella Potter) Who says one word for women says two for men and three for children. Olive Schreiner. (Edith Lawson) There is neither Jew nor Greek, bond or free, there is neither male nor female; for ye are all one. Gal: 4, 28. (Mrs. Harriet L. Mason) Our laws are not impartial to say the least, in their discrimination as to the person, property and parental claims of the two sexes. If the elective franchise for women will remedy the evil without encouraging difficulties of greater magnitude, let us hope it will be granted. Mary Baker Eddy. (Margaretta Berry Conant) We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity do ordain and establish this constitution of the United States of America. Florence S. Roberts. Every good and commanding movement in the annals of the world is the triumph of enthusiasm. Nothing great was ever -2- accomplish without it. Emerson. (Kathryn A. Burgess) He's a fool, who thinks by force, or skill To turn the current of a woman's will. Quotation. (Mrs. Howard Hipkins) Not disparagement nor slander kills the spirit of the brave; Fling a torch down, upward ever burns the flame it gave. E. B. Sweet "A woman's simplest duty is to keep her house clean and wholesome and to feed her children properly. Yet she is utterly dependent upon the City administration for the conditions which render decent living possible." Jane Addams. (Margaret Norton) "Everywhere Two heads in council two beside the hearth, Two in the tangled business of the world, Two plummets dropped as one to sound the abyss Of science and the secret of the mind." Tennyson. (Ida A. Craft) "The courtesy of a man to a woman is a beautiful thing, but for every day persistency, it cannot compare with the courtesy of a legislator to his constituents." Max Navaree. (Esther G. Ogden) -3- One of the strongest reasons for woman suffrage is, that both by heredity and environment, women are unlike men. For that very reason as a class of citizens with special rights to protect and special wrongs to remedy, women need direct representation in the government, and government needs equally the participation of its women citizens. Henry B. Blackwell. (Mrs. Adra F. Swan) We have in Colorado the most advanced laws of any State in the Union for the care and protection of the homesand the children, the very foundations of the Republic. We owe this more to woman suffrage than to any other cause." Judge Lindsey. (F.H. Luscomb) "The only way I have a judging of the future is by looking at the past." Woman suffrage is successful where it has been tried, why not here. Patrick Henry. (Maud Swartz) The Woman's Cause is Man's; They rise or sink together Dwarfed or Godlike, bound or free. (Mary Gearsley) "The best of men are more concerned with business then moral and social questions and the best of men have a way of "pishtushing" the women-folk when they advance political arguments that are not backed up by the vote." Judge Ben Lindsey -4- "This is an age of individual liberty, and the male sex is not humanity, but only half of it." Hon. Edward T. Taylor. (A.J. Vermilye) "The world belongs to those who take it." (Mrs. I.T. Powell.) "Let man see the divinity that is within you by the humanity that comes out of you. (Clara E. Matchett) "The natural right of a woman to vote is just as clear as that of a man, and rests on the same ground. Since she is called on to obey the laws, she ought to have a voice in making them." Henry George. (Mrs. A.M. Greene) "The woman question is the most tremendous question God has asked the world since He asked: "What think ye of Christ on Calvary." Elizabeth Stuart Phelps. (Dr. L.R. Davis) "It is the daughters of the poor who chiefly fall victims to the basest crimes. Poor young, ignorant, unorganized, they depend for protection upon laws framed and enforced by persons older than themselves. Is it safe or sane to exclude from a full share of power and responsibility the mothers and teachers, the older women whose first care is for the welfare of the young?" (Martha Klatschken) Florence Kelly. "And shall they scorn the woman's voice when we for justice cry? We're marching in our thousands now to know the reason why!" Janet Todd Moffett. [?] "Chains are worse than bayonets." Douglas Jerrold. I have no idea of a liberty unconnected with honesty and justice. Edmund Burke. (Marie B. Ames) The Fundamental condition for social equilibrium is the same as for human happiness and lies in the law of equal freedom. Herbert Spencer. (Jeannette E. McKenzie) "Out of suffering comes wisdom; out of wisdom comes strength; out of strength comes fulfillment." Mrs. Clarkson. (Mrs. James N. Algeo) "If a house be divided against itself it cannot stand. I believe this government cannot permanently endure half slave and half free." Lincoln (Mrs. J. Gale Ebert) "Failure is impossible." Susan B. Anthony. (Nicholas S. Fraser) "Where women walk in public processions in the streets, the same as men; Where they enter the public assembly and take places the same as men; Where the city of the faithfullest friends stands; Where the city of the cleanliness of the sexes stands; Where the city of the healthiest fathers stand; Where the city of the best-bodies mothers stand; There the great city stands. (Florence Himes-Cox) Walt Whitman. -6- "To the extent to which women resemble men, they require the same liberties; to the extent to which they differ, they require their own representation, and the state requires their special influence." Mary Putnam-Jakabi, 1894. (Alice C. Clement) I warn the anxious and terrified that their first efforts should be to conquer their fears, for the triumph of this crusade is written as certain on the next leaf that turns in the great history of the race, as that the twentieth century will open." Wendell Phillips (J. Wells Wentworth) "It is a very cheap wit that finds it so droll that a woman should vote-------If the wants, the passions, the vices, are allowed a full vote, through the hands of a half brutal intemperate population, I think it but fair that the virtues, the aspirations, should be allowed a full voice as an offset, through the purest of the people." Ralph Waldo Emerson. (Louise Z. Brown) "Injustice is the greatest immorality." Dr. Elizabeth Blockwell. "Before speaking, think first whether what you want to say is true, kind and helpful; if it has not these three qualities do not say it." Theosophical Teaching. (Mrs. L.H. Baekeland) "The more a country is delivered up to the governemnt of professional politicians, the more urgent and inevitable to woman becomes her participation in the political vote. (Katherine R. Fisher) Jean Finot. The City of Providence. Chapter 612. No. 137. An Ordinance Suspending the Operation of Section 9 of Chapter 32 of the Revised Ordinances of 1899, so that it shall not Prevent Addresses at any Meeting at Roger Williams Park on May 2, 1914, upon the Subject of Woman Suffrage. (Approved April 17, 1914.) It is ordained by the City Council of the City of Providence as follows: Section 1. The operations of Section 9 of Chapter 32 of the Revised Ordinances of 1899 is hereby suspended to the extent that it shall not prevent addresses at any meeting at Roger Williams Park on May 2, 1914, the subject of woman suffrage. A true copy, Witness: W.C. Pelkey City Clerk. No. CHAPTER An Ordinance Presented by Form 120 2 1-2M 2-14 PROGRESSIVE NATIONAL SERVICE FORTY-SECOND STREET BUILDING TEL. MURRAY HILL 4606 FRANCES A. KELLOR, CHAIRMAN, EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE GUTZON BORGLUM, TREASURER NEW YORK, Apr. 16, '14. Enclosed herewith is copy of brief in favor of H.R. 5819 which provides for a Commission on Naturalization. This is becoming daily a matter of great importance and it will be of great service, if you will write a letter to Congressman Victor Murdock and to your own Congressman, asking that action be taken on this bill at this session. Very truly yours, PROGRESSIVE NATIONAL SERVICE by C. M. P. NATURALIZATION COMMISSION BILL H. R. 5819. The conflicting results of state legislation with reference to aliens and the inconsistent administration of the Federal naturalization laws by State courts, have created the need for a Federal Commission on naturalization, as proposed in the bill recently introduced in the House by Congressman Victor Murdock. The presence in the United States of four million non-citizen males and over five million foreign born females, shows the extent and importance of the problem. Although, by the constitution, the power was conferred upon Congress "to establish a uniform rule of naturalization throughout the United States", Congress has as yet failed to fulfill all the obligations accompanying this grant of power. Defects in Administration Facilities. In the administration of the naturalization laws, Congress has invoked the aid of State courts in such a manner as to make them in a way, voluntary agents not definitely responsible nor committed by law to a uniform policy of administration. 2277 State courts and 250 Federal courts are exercising naturalization jurisdiction. The jurisdiction of the Federal courts necessarily covers large areas whereby attendance upon the court is exceedingly difficult and expensive for those living in distant parts of the district. Many of the State and Federal courts have little naturalization work to do, while others are overcrowded with this business. In the fiscal year ending June 30th 1912, 65% of all the naturalization business of the country was transacted by 18% of the courts having facilities therefor. The important effect of the location of naturalization courts and their methods of administration upon the making of citizens is readily seen when one considers the requirements of the naturalization laws. An applicant must appear in court from four to eight times: 1. to file his declaration, 2. to file his petition, 3. for examination by the Bureau of Naturalization examiner, 4. for hearing in open court, 5. to obtain a certification and often other times if his case is not reached upon the court call. At the time of filing his petition and upon final examination, the petitioner must be accompanied by two citizens witnesses who have known him for five years. Therefore, if the court is at a distance from the petitioner's residence, he must pay a round trip railroad fare for himself and two witnesses, at least two and possibly three or four times. In addition to this expense, the applicant also pays a fee of 1.00 upon the declaration of intention and 4.00 upon filing of the petition. Also he must sacrifice his time for which the average wage earner is simply docked so many dollars and must persuade his witnesses to make a like sacrifice. As one earnest citizen writes: "As far as I know, the papers cost only $5.00 which I would willingly pay, but adding $3.00 for each voucher (witness) per day, carfare, etc., would amount according to my figuring to about $30.00 to $33.00 which is too much for the average workingman to pay at this time of high cost of living". All state courts having certain jurisdiction in matters of law and equity and the Federal courts, are granted jurisdiction in naturalization matters but this establishes courts without any regard for the needs of the aliean population. These courts also naturally do not hold night sessions whereby, -2- it is necessary for even the alien within easy distance to devote a large portion of several working days to obtaining citizenship. Again, although naturalization is a national matter, an applicant must reside at least one year within the state where petition is filed, which works a great hardship upon a large number of aliens who, on account of seasonal employment, make frequent changes of residence and who incidentally find it most difficult to find witnesses who have known them for five years. The fifty-five examiners of the Bureau of Naturalization are required to examine every petition filed in any part of the United States and report their findings to the court. More speed can be obtained where the examiners attend court session, but it is obviously impossible for fifty-five examiners to attend upon the sessions of even the more important of 2527 courts exercising naturalization jurisdiction. The administration difficulties inherent in such a system as now prevails provide one reason why, out of 169,142 declarations filed for the fiscal year ending June 30th 1912, only 95,627 petitions were filed and only 69,965 certificates issued. Lack of Educational Facilities There is, however, a more deep seated weakness than administration in the naturalization methods, and that lies in the lack of definite and official provision for the preliminary education of aliens which must precede naturalization. A would-be citizen must be able to speak the English language and must be familiar with the constitution of the United States and have some general knowledge of civics. Yet, although the doors of the United States are wide open to immigrants and it is admittedly only desirable to encourage the entry of aliens in the expectation that they will become citizens, nevertheless, that same government which welcomes the foreign born, which looks upon him as a future citizen, makes no provision for his education in the language of the country or his understanding of its principles of government. In a few of the states, some of the larger cities have made provision for night schools designed for the instruction of aliens in English and in a few instances, in civics, For example, in thirty-one municipalities in New York State having such night schools, only two provide instruction in civics and out of twenty-eight municipalities in New Jersey, only two provide instruction in civics, and in both of these states there is no coordination between this schooling and the work of naturalization. The State of Ca lifornia gives a unique example of coordination of schooling and naturalization. When an applicant files his petition, he is advised, in the city of Los Angeles to attend the school provided, for a period of three months. In the greater part of the United States, however, there is little provision for the would-be citizen to obtain instruction in language or in principles of government. That some provision is earnestly desired by aliens, is shown from the unfortunate success of various clubs organized for the private profit of unscrupulous persons pretending to give instruction and to insure naturalization to members. Of course, there are many private agencies of higher repute working upon this problem but any adequate solution can only come from the national government. The educational facilities at the disposal of the alien and their effectiveness, vary in importance to the alien, according to the particular court to which he must report to obtain his papers - a most unfortunate situation. -3- Certain judges administer the law with great strictness requiring a high standard of ability to speak the language and a real understanding of governmental principles. In other courts the administration is distinctly lax and this inequality is a natural result of the lack of definite standards whereby an alien is entitled to citizenship and the lack of any definite governmental schooling to indicate what a court should regard as the essentials of knowledge to be possessed by the petitioner. Differing Rights of Aliens in Different States. When the legal status of aliens, their rights and disabilities under State laws and Municipal ordinances, are considered, the importance of uniform and efficient naturalization regulations becomes painfully evident. Aliens are discriminated against in employment on public works in nine states and one territory, including Arizona, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Wyoming, Idaho, and Alabama (and also Hawaii). In many other states there are specific provisions limiting certain occupations to citizens. Discriminatory provisions are very frequent in municipal regulations and ordinances. Licenses for certain occupations are denied to aliens in various cities. Laws affecting the aliens right to work in certain states have been of such drastic character as to be held unconstitutional, as for example in Idaho and Pennsylvania. In two states at least, of those having workmen's compensation laws (New Hampshire and New Jersey), aliens are specifically excluded as beneficiaries. The alien's right to own or lease real estate, has been the subject of legislation in numerous states and as in the recent Japanese imbroglio such laws constantly make imminent international controversy. Voting Rights of Aliens. By far, the most important question concerning the legal status of the four million resident alien males and five million foreign born resident females is involved in the laws governing the right to vote. In a majority of the states, the right to vote is a constitutional one, limited to citizens, but in eight states, Arkansas, Indiana, Michigan, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Texas and Oregon, an alien, upon filing his declaration of intention, is entitled to vote at all elections. The naturalization laws do not give the alien any political rights until actually admitted to citizenship, yet, the right to vote by these state laws is bestowed as a consequence of mere declaration of intention, although as previously pointed out, out of 169,141 declarations of the last fiscal year, only 69,965 certificates resulted. As was well pointed out by the Commission on Naturalization in its report of November 8th, 1905, "The case may readily arise of the balance of political power in the United States being lodged in foreigners owing no allegiance to the United States." A very pertinent example comes from the national election of 1908 in Indiana which has usually been regarded in recent presidential elections, as a doubtful state. An increasingly large number of foreigners are employed therein in the steel industry. It is significant that from July to October 1908, 660 declarations were filed; from October to December (the period of presidential election) 6,697 declarations were filed; and from January to April of 1909 only 71 declarations were filed. It is reasonable to assume that over 6,000 aliens declared intention for the principal purpose of voting at this presidential election. These 6,000, who might never become citizens might well determine the electoral vote of the state of Indiana, which in its turn might well determine the electoral vote of the nation. A similar result might take place in at least six of the -4- eight states which permit a vote to follow a mere declaration of intention. In this connection, attention should be called to the fact that both the Commission of Naturalization of 1905 and the division of naturalization of the Department of Labor, have recommended the abolition of the declaration of intention, as it entails considerable unnecessary work, it may result in an abuse of political power and finally, since every petitioner must now file a certificate of arrival if he has arrived in the United States subsequent to June 1906, his five years residence in this country is easily established. Women's Citizenship and Suffrage. If the right of the male to vote is at present determined by standards quite insistent with our naturalization laws, the right of the female to vote may be said to be determined by practically no standards at all. Under the present laws, the naturalization of women follows that of husband and father. Resident American women may therefore be deprived of their vote upon marriage to an alien. Foreign born women, and even most recently arrived immigrant women, may be immediately enfranchised by marriage to a citizen. Following this enfranchisement, her citizenship is retained even though she is divorced, if she continue to reside in the United States. Considering again the presence of five million foreign born adult females in the United States and the rapidly increasing number of women suffrage states, of which three are leading immigrant states, it is plain that some uniform and consistent standard for the naturalization of women must be adopted. It is also plain that the theory of a woman's citizenship following that of husband and father is quite inconsistent with the political and legal status of women in other matters in the United States. In this brief survey of the inconsistent and inharmonious state and national regulations of the right of citizenship and the rights of non-citizen residents, the most important fact must not be overlooked that this discord is not a necessary evil to be borne for the protection of state rights of sovereignty. The power conferred upon Congress to establish a uniform rule of naturalization throughout the United States should be exercised for the benefit of all the people in the same manner as the power of Congress to deal with the question of bankruptcy has been exercised in the aid of commercial harmony. Furthermore, the responsibility for the assimilation of the alien is definitely upon the Federal government which controls immigration. That national power which admits, that it will take all reasonable measures to insure his instruction in the essentials of citizenship. For the protection of the national government itself, provisions should also be made that the political control of the nation may not be lodged in alien hands. How far in actual legislation, the Federal government should extend its jurisdiction, how far provision for the instruction of aliens should be under exclusive Federal control, or in what manner the states may uniformly work toward a common end, co-ordinating their work with the Federal administration of naturalization laws -- are all questions for which authoritative solution can only be expected from a commission of experts designated for the purpose of considering and working out a comprehensive program of legislative action for the benefit of both the native and foreign born citizen. THE REPORT OF H.K. SMITH & W.D. LEWIS TO THE PROGRESSIVE NATIONAL SERVICE BOARD FEBRUARY 6, 1914. At a meeting of the Progressive National Service Board held December 6th, 1913 three resolutions were adopted; first, call for the appointment of a committee of three to report as to the relation that should exist between the Board of Trustees and the Progressive National Service Board; second, call for the appointment of a committee of five selected from the membership of the Progressive National Service to report to the Progressive National Service Board the work which in their opinion should be undertaken by the Service for the next year; third, a resolution transferring the duties of the first mentioned committee to the committee of five. The Chairman appointed on committee of five the following: Mr. H.K. Smith, Chairman and Messrs. Robins, Lewis, Gaither and Miss Kellor. At a conference between the signers of this report it was determined that it would be useless to take up for recommendation plans of work for the ensuing year until we had a clear idea of the existing organization of the Service, and had come to some conclusion in regard to the proper form of organization of the Service and its relation to the political organization. We have had several meetings and have also had the benefit of consultations with Miss Kellor, Mr. Robins and Mr. Perkins. This report, therefore, is a report on the organization of the Progressive National Service. To understand the recommendations in regard to organization here made; a brief preliminary statement of the present organization of the Progressive National Service is necessary. At the meeting held in Chicago in the Fall of 1912 the National Committee elected the chairmen and members of the Legislative Reference Committee. They also elected a Chairman of the Progressive National Service Committee, Miss Frances A. Kellor, charging her with the duties of organizing the work of the Progressive National Service. The organization established consists, first, of a Progressive National Service Board, (no Progressive National Service Committee as such was established) second, of two councils, the council of State Service Chairmen and the council of Department Chairmen; third, of the two bureaus, the Bureau of Education and the Legislative Reference Bureau. The councils and the bureaus are responsible to and subject to the direction of your Board. Under the council of State Service Chairmen is the -2- Service Organization Department which consists of three committees or departments, dealing with college clubs, State Service, and surveys and conferences. Under and subject to the Council of Department Chairmen are the Platform Department Committees, namely: Social and industrial justice, Conservation, Popular government, Cost of Living and Corporations. Each of these committees are divided into sub-committees, each sub-committee dealing with a particular plank of the Platform. Outside of the organization described are two committees: the Educational Committee, and the Legislative Reference Committee. As previously stated the Legislative Reference Committee has been created by and is directly responsible to the National Committee. The Educational Committee on the other hand, has been created by and is responsible to your Board. We believe your Board should reorganize that part of the Progressive National Service for which you are responsible by passing the following resolutions: (1) "Continuing the council of State Service Chairman and the Council of Department Chairmen and the committees and departments subject to these two councils." (2) "Abolishing the Bureaus namely: the Bureau of Education and the Legislative Reference Bureau and the offices and committees connected with their organization." (3) "Continuing for the present the Educational Committee." (4) "Dropping the designation of your body as the Progressive National Service Board and adopting the name Progressive National Service Committee." The adoption of these resolutions will simplify the organization of the Progressive National Service. It will, thereafter, consist of two committees, one, the Legislative Reference Committee, the other the Progressive National Service Committee. These committees will each be responsible directly to the National Committee. They will naturally cooperate with each other, but there will be no organic connection between them. The following difference between the two committees should be pointed out. The Legislative Reference Committee is a special committee appointed by the National Committee to do a specific work. All its members are appointed by the National Committee, or its Executive Committee. Your Progressive National Service Committee is one of the four departments into which the Progressive National Party is organized. The National Committee have elected the heads of each of those departments. The only member of the committee appointed by the National Committee is the Chairman. The Chairman appoints the other members of the Committee. A matter which has created some confusion of names should be here referred to. -3- Miss Keller was elected by the National Committee, Chairman of the Progressive National Service Committee. There was also created the position of Chief of Service and the Executive Committee appointed Miss Keller, also at the same time taking the position that the Chairman of the Progressive National Service Committee and Chief of Progressive National Service were identical offices. The practical wisdom of the determination is not questioned. But in order that one office shall in future be known by one title, it is recommended that the title of Chief of Service be abolished. In order to obviate a question which has arisen in the past we recommend the adoption of a resolution; declaring that it is the understanding of your Committee that the Legislative Reference Committee has under the general direction of the National Committee and its executive committee the right, not only to draft bills, but to make, if it so desires its own researches for, and determine the standards of, any bill it may draft. The Legislative Reference Bureau has been conducting the work of collecting information on Legislation and giving out this information in response to inquiries from Progressive members of State Legislatures and others. A considerable library has been collected. It is our opinion, that the abolition of the Legislative Reference Bureau vest in your committee the title to this library, and that the work which was being performed by the Bureau should now become part of the work to be undertaken by your committee. The result of this opinion is that, hereafter, the Legislative Reference Committee will have no responsibility for the collection and dissemination of information in regard to Legislation, but that its work will be confined to the drafting of bills, and such research work as it may undertake in connection therewith. As the chairman of the Legislative Reference Committee is one of the signers of this Report, it is unnecessary for you to pass resolution, recognizing the status of the Reference Library and the division of the work indicated. The matter has been referred to so as to anticipate any possible question that might arise in the mind of any number of your committee should the committee adopt the recommendation here made to abolish the Legislative Reference Bureau. Under the plan of reorganization submitted your committee, which we will call, as suggested, the Progressive National Service Committee, will control the Educational Committee, the Council of State Chairman, and the Council of Department Chairman, and the Committees and Departments subject to those two councils, as well as any other committees which you may create. In order that the scope and method of your work may be clear to your members and others, especially the members -4- of the councils and committees who work under your direction, we believe that it is advisable for you to pass a resolution declaring, that the work of the Progressive National Service Committee includes research, publications, information and speakers, and that you regard yourselves at liberty if you so desire, to take up any work falling under those heads, without referring it to a committee, even though the particular work undertaken falls within the scope of the work for which the Committee was appointed. The members of your committee properly represent different sections of the country. This, however, makes it hard for the committee to be called together, and impossible that they should be called together at frequent intervals. The necessity for an Executive Committee is obvious, and we recommend the adoption of a resolution appointing an Executive Committee of five, the members of which may be members of your committee or not, as you prefer--, but in any event should be resident sufficiently near New York to enable them to be called together frequently. This Executive Committee should have all the powers of your committee. In order that there may be cooperation between your committee and the political organization, we recommend that the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the National Committee be made ex officio a member of your Executive Committee. We also recommend the passage of the following resolutions controlling on all your officers, committees, or agents" (1) "That publications involving announcement of policies and all other important publication must first receive the approval of your Executive Committee." (2) "That all contracts must first receive the approval of your Executive Committee." (3) "That money shall be raised only for subjects included in the plan of work approved by your Executive Committee." (4) "That the employment of all persons, except persons connected with the clerical force be approved by your Executive Committee." We also recommend the adoption of a resolution constituting the Trustees of The Progressive National Service a finance committee for the raising of funds for the use of your Committee, and that persons already asked to serve as Trustees be continued; also the adoption of a resolution, creating and appointing a Treasurer of your committee and directing that money raised by the Trustees be paid to your Treasurer. STATE OF RHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS JANUARY SESSION, A. D. 1914. TO THE HONORABLE GENERAL ASSEMBLY: The ________________of the ________________of ________________R. I. being in hearty accord with House Bill No. 44 asking that Presidential Suffrage be granted to the women of Rhode Island, which bill was presented by Hon. Frank H. Hammill of Bristol, hereby pray that your Honorable Body will act favorable upon said bill. RESOLUTION Proposing an Amendment to the Constitution of the State. Resolved, That a majority of all the members elected to each house of the General Assembly voting therefor, that the following amendment to the constitution of the state be proposed to the qualified electors of the state in accordance with the provisions of Article XIII of the Constitution for their adoption, to be denominated Article of amendments: ARTICLE. Section 1. Every male or female citizen of the United States of the age of twenty-one years and upwards who is able to read the Constitution of the State in the English language and to write his or her name, and who has had his or her residence and home in this State for one year, and in the town or city in which he or she may offer to vote six months next preceeding the time of his or her voting, and whose name shall be registered in the town or city where he or she resides on or before the thirtieth day of September next preceeding the time of his or her voting, shall have the right to vote in the election of all civil officers, and on all questions in all legally organized town or ward meetings; except that no person who is prevented from reading or writing as aforesaid by physical disability, or who had the right to vote at the time this amendment becomes operative, shall, if otherwise qualified, be deprived of the right to vote by reason of not being able so to read or write, and no person, otherwise qualified to vote for national or state officers, shall, by reason of a change of residence within this State, be disqualified from voting for such officers in the city or town from which he or she has removed his or her residence, until the expiration of six calendar months from the time of such removal. Section 2. This amendment shall take in the Constitution of the State the place of Section 1 of Article II, and Section 2 of Article II as amended by Section 1 of Article VII of Articles of amendment to the Constitution, all of which sections are hereby annulled; but this amendment shall not affect the provisions of Sections 4 and 5 of Article II of the Constitution. Article V1. Membership Any organized group of suffragists, may become an auxilliary by subscribing to the constitution of the RHODE ISLAND SUFFRAGE PARTY and paying this proportionate amount to the pledge to the Nat. American Suffrage Association. This amount shall be left to the discretion of the State Committee. 1 The members of the RHODE ISLAND SUFFRAGE PARTY may be men or women of any political party who endorses votes for women and who sign the party card. There shall be no dues [*5th Floor Ind. Trust*] [*Providence Civic Forum*] - 2 - to settle this question for itself." Write Dr. Aked Dr. Straus- Nov. 5 Mrs. William Codman Sturgis Boston Good Citizenship Nov. 12 [Write Mrs. Harbrock] Baby Day Dr. Swarts "Mrs. Edna Barck Nov. 19 Miss Jackson - R.I. Union of Colored Women's Clubs Auspices National Association for the Advancement of the Colored People Mr. Butler Wilson of Boston spoke. Nov. 26 [Suffrage Day] World Democracy - J Madison Gathany. Dec. 3. [Dr Garvin - Single Tax Assocaition] Lord and Lady Aberdeen Miss Edith Hughes Violinist Dr. Kate Waller Barrett Dec. 10. Single Tax - Mr. James Brown [Mrs. Ethel Dots Sayles] Singer Dr. Garvin presides Miss Edna Barck Dec. 17 [Rose Livingston - Social Evil] The League to Enforce Peace - Pres. Lowell Prof Dreley - [Economic Interp] Rabbi Sidney S. Tedesche Dec. 24 omit ? Dec. 31 Omit ? Jan. [6] 7 Social Evil Day Mr. Mead Damaged Goods. [Rose Livingston] - write Jan. [13] 14 John Z. White - [Civil Service Reform] - "Robert Burns" Colored girls and boys music- -Labor Day- Democracy- Jan. [20] 21 [Suffrage Day]- or Prohibition Day- "The Man who Forgot" Miss Adelaide Patterson Mrs. George F. Rooke Jan. [27] 28 - [Labor Federation Day - Mr. Coleman] - Thomas Mott Osborne - Harry Brosky and John B. Hubbard Prison Reform Day Feb [3] 4 Rev. James Dingwell Leader of Forum Forum Day [Mrs.] Feb [10] 11 Children's Day Elite Orchestra Julia Williamson Feb [17] 18 [Suffrage] Good Citizenship Day 4357 Mr Morris Wesril Mrs. Adeeb Farris Mr Luther D Burlingave Mr. James B Littlefield- Good Government [Mr. Charles F Towne] [Mr Leonard Campbell] Feb [24] 25 [Harry F Ward] [Gardner Harding] [Doyle Ar] Women in Industry Bridget Dunn Enid Pierce Mary Jackson [Sadie Hagan] Alice Hurst Mar. [3] 4 Woman Suffrage Day Write Miss Deborah Knox Livingston Mar. 10 Flying Squadron 17 meetings Mar. 17 Mar. 24 Mar. 31 [*Nov 9 1916*] RESOLUTION. WHEREAS, Four million of women in one-fourth of the States of the Union are now entitled to vote, and WHEREAS, The women of Australia, New Zealand, a large part of Canada and several important European countries now vote upon equal terms with men, and WHEREAS, Such important Protestant Denominations as the Unitarian, the Presbyterian, and the Methodist have endorsed the justice and righteousness of granting to women the political franchise, and WHEREAS, The women of the Congregational Church are as loyal, devoted, and responsive to the calls of Christian service as any body of women in the world. RESOLVED, That this Autumnal Conference of Rhode Island Congressional Churches, assembled on the ninth day of November, nineteen hundred and sixteen, in the Franklin Church of Howard does hereby endorse giving the franchise to women on the same terms as men and advocates ([pledges its influence to]) securing the same either by State or Federal methods. [*Rev. George Benedict will hold meeting in church.*] CONGREGATIONALISTS IN FAVOR OF WOMAN SUFFRAGE Adopt Resolution Advocating Ballots for All. The autumnal conference of the Congregational Church of Rhode Island, held at Howard yesterday, adopted a resolution favoring full suffrage for women. The matter was brought before the conference through Rev. Charles A. Forbes of the Hope Street Congregational Church. This is the first body of Congregationalists, outside of suffrage States, to act upon the question. Mrs. James W. Algeo, chairman of the Providence Woman Suffrage Party, urged the passage of the resolution. She said that the women are needed in politics, and that the ban against them must be removed "before anything approaching a clean slate of politics" can be reached. "The great Protestant denominations are recognizing," she said "the moral necessity of women's voice in politics and the Christian women throughout the country realize the need of representation in the Government by which they are controlled." Rev. Mr. Forbes cited the big national organizations which have indorsed suffrage, and Rev. James Dingwell of Pawtucket spoke in favor of the resolution. Mrs. Bacon of Peace Dale, opposed its passage, and Rev. Samuel C. Bartlett, a missionary from Japan, spoke against it. The resolution follows: "Whereas, 4,000,000 women in one-fourth of the States of the Union are now entitled to vote, and whereas,, the women of Australia, New Zealand, a large part of Canada and several important European countries now vote upon equal terms with men, and "Whereas, such important Protestant denominations as the Unitarian, the Presbyterian and the Methodist have endorsed the justice and righteousness of granting to women the political franchise, and "Whereas the women of the Congregational Church are as loyal, devoted and responsive to the calls of Christian service as any body of women in the world, be it "Resolved, That this Autumnal Conference of Rhode Island Congregational Churches, assembled on the ninth day of November, 1916, in the Franklin Church of Howard, does herby indorse giving the franchise to women on the same terms as men and advocates securing the same either by State or Federal action." [*Woman's Journal Oct. 16, 1915.*] ORGAN OF CHURCH WON BY FINDINGS Congregationalist Asks Western Ministers About Suffrage and All Approve An investigation among the Congregational ministers of the West has convinced the Congregationalist that "fears often entertained in advance are not borne out by the actual workings of equal suffrage." In a striking editorial Oct. 7 the Congregationalist declares: "We are in favor of extending the privileges and responsibilities of citizenship to women." "In Seattle every member of a representative group of local and State Congregational leaders was enthusiastic in approval," says the editorial. "That State has had eight years' experience--three years of full suffrage under the territorial government and the last five years under the State constitutional amendment. Some said that before woman suffrage came they or their wives were against it, but now all agree that it is better for the women, for the men and for the city and State than the old order. They said that it seemed to be the normal thing for husband and wife, brother and sister, to go to the polls together and vote, as they would go together to church or any public assembly; that under equal suffrage it has been possible to secure better laws, and, on the whole, better officials; that the polling places have become clean wholesome and attractive; that good citizenship and good government had made a substantial gain through the study and discussion of public affairs in the homes. These Seattle men agreed that they knew of no women who were neglecting their home duties because of political interests, but they had noticed one change in the ways of some. Instead of devoting much time to bridge whist, "pink teas" and idle gossip, they were now engaged in good government study classes, in the consideration of social welfare and needed reforms. They said that the women voters took a stronger and more advanced stand on questions of morality and social welfare than men usually do. "The demand for equal suffrage is an inevitable and essential element in the movement for democracy. We ought not to shrink from this, the final application of the democratic idea." [*Woman's Journal June*] 10, 1916 LOYAL IN CHURCH METHODISTS FIND History of Sect Endorsing Suffrage Shows Women Competent To Use Vote Commenting upon the recent endorsement of woman suffrage by the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the Christian Science Monitor says: "It was voted upon with surprisingly little open dissent, and the number of votes recorded against it was less than ten. "The grounds of the indorsement are interesting to note. Everything in denominational history has shown the equal loyalty of. women and men to the obligations of membership and to the duties of suffrage as ecclesiastically exercised. As a matter of expediency, 'Christian wives and mothers should be given an opportunity to assist in the great work of introducing into politics more of the true spirit of practical Christianity': that is to say, society needs the decisions that will follow the giving of the ballot to women with high ideals and pure motives. Simply as an affair of justice and righteousness, equality of the sexes must be recognized, if the denomination is to be true to its past as a sect believing in those fundamental qualities of a sound society. Thus the argument of the resolution runs; and it is noteworthy for its simplicity, concreteness and trust in fair play. "Persons who recall the struggle for equality of rights within the denomination which Frances E. Willard so gallantly led in the '80s, and who know how comparatively new a thing it is for woman to be equal with man in the churches that call John Wesley their founder, will be most surprised by this vote at the Saratoga conference. "As there is nothing formally and legally binding upon the rank and file of clergy and laity by the passing of such a resolution, it would be risky to assume that the large numerical strength of this sect can forthwith be counted upon by the equal suffragists. But there is significance in the swift, unimpeded enactment of such a resolution by a legislative and judicial tribunal of a powerful denomination, and one that counts for much at seats of political power." [*W.J. May 27. 1916*] NEW ENGLAND EDITION METHODISTS OUT FOR EQUAL VOTE Church Adopts Strong Statement Drawn by Prominent Members Favoring Suffrage The Methodist Episcopal Church was committed to woman suffrage on May 23 at its national convention in Saratoga, N.Y., through the acceptance of a resolution introduced by Judge Henry Wade Rogers of the United States Circuit Court at New York City. In addition to Judge Rogers, the resolution was signed by ex-Governor James F. Hanly of Indiana, ex-Lieut. Gov. Albert J. Wallace of California, Chancellor James R. Day of Syracuse University, President A. W. Harris of Northwestern University, Chicago; President Samuel Dickie of Albion College, Albion, Mich.; Judge George M. Spurlock of York, Neb.; Justice John Marshall of the Supreme Court of Kansas, President Samuel Plantz of Lawrence College, Appleton, Wis.; Dean L. J. Birney of the Boston University School of Theology and other delegates of prominence. The resolution follows: Whereas, In the history of the Methodist Episcopal Church women have always been loyal and faithful workers, and Whereas, We recognize that Christian wives and mothers should be given an opportunity to assist in the great work of introducing into politics more of the true spirit of practical Christianity, and Whereas, The Methodist Episcopal Church has always stood for justice and righteousness in social and political life; Resolved, Therefore, that we, the delegates to the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, assert our belief in the justice and righteousness of granting to women the political franchise. "The act proposed in this resolution is an act of justice," Judge Rogers told the delegates. "In my opinion, women need the ballot for the same reason as men. Women should share in making the laws that regulate their lives." [*Woman's Journal Nov. 27 1915*] CHURCHES FAVOR WOMEN'S VOTING New York City Episcopal Bodies Take Favorable Action in Aid of Suffrage Practically all Episcopal churches in New YorkCity announced this week either that their vestries had already authorized women to vote, or else that popular votes were to be taken shortly at parish meetings to authorize them to do so. Heavenly Rest, Grace, St. Thomas, St. Andrew's, Calvary, Holy Trinity, St. James, and other parishes are said to be among those which have acted favorably. Privilege of voting does not, it is said, imply also the right to be voted for, so that wardens and vestrymen, and delegates to conventions will be men as heretofore. E. L. Tefft of Christ Church, speaking of the women voting, said: "Since 90 per cent. of the workers in our churches are women, and almost as large a proportion make up the congregation, it is high time women had voice in the management of parish affairs. If I had my way I would let them serve on vestries. Perhaps if they did, needed reforms in the conduct of business affairs would follow." [*Woman's Journal December 11*] 11, 1915 393 SOUTHERN CLERGYMEN URGED TO SUPPORT CAUSE Letter Sent by State Association to all Church Conferences Wins Two Large and Influential Denominations to Side of Suffrage The effort was made in Kentucky during the Eastern campaign to secure the active support of all the ministers in the State. At the same time the Executive Board of the Kentucky Equal Rights Association made a formal request of each of the State conferences of the different churches to pass resolutions endorsing suffrage. The Northern Methodist Church and the Disciples of Christ, large and influential denominations in Kenutcky, have already complied with this request. "Our plan is to continue the effort until we get all the church governments siding with us to come out in the open for us," writes Mrs. Breckinridge, Campaign chairman. The following letter was sent out by the president of the Kentucky E. R. A. to every minister in the State, together with a leaflet addressed to ministers, published by the National Association: "Dear Sir: "The Kentucky Equal Rights Association, an organization of more than 15,000 members, appeals to you to give your moral support to the cause of woman suffrage in Kentucky. "Eleven States and the territory of Alaska now have full suffrage, as you see from the map printed above; Illinois women have presidential, municipal and school suffrage. There are in all some four million women eligible to vote in presidential elections. "We feel that woman suffrage is not so much a political question as a question based upon righteousness and justice. Since the interest of women, as manifested where they vote, concentrates itself upon the protection of the home, women and children and upon the advancement of personal and public morality, we believe that no more important step can be taken for the betterment of this State than the granting of suffrage to its women. "Ministers know probably better than any other class of men how large a per cent of the workers for moral betterment are women. It can be readily proven by the legislation passed in suffrage States that women remain true to type when they are given political power. There is no reason to suppose that Kentucky women will be inferior to the women of the Western States or less conscientious in their use of political privileges. "The Prohibition, the Progressive, the Socialist and the Republican parties of Kentucky have this year endorsed in their platforms the submission by the Legislature of the question of woman suffrage to the voters. The first three parties have in addition endorsed the principle as one of justice and righteousness. The Kentucky Federation of Women's Clubs, including more than 15,000 women, endorses the principle, and has in addition urged the submission of the question by the next Legislature. Even those not yet convinced of the righteousness and expediency of woman suffrage should at least advocate the submission of the question to the voters as the only democratic solution of a question vitally affecting fifty per cent. of the adult population of Kentucky. "Believing that ministers of the gospel should always be, and usually are, leaders in moral questions, we make bold to ask you if you believe in the justice 000366 CONGREGATIONALISTS IN FAVOR OF WOMAN SUFFRAGE Adopt Resolution Advocating Ballots for All. The autumnal conference of the Congregational Church of Rhode Island, held at Howard yesterday, adopted a resolution favoring full suffrage for women. The matter was brought before the conference through Rev. Charles A. Forbes of the Hope Street Congregational Church. This is the first body of Congregationalists, outside of suffrage States, to act upon the question. Mrs. James W. Algeo, chairman of the Providence Woman Suffrage Party, urged the passage of the resolution. She said that the women are needed in politics, and that the ban against them must be removed "before anything approaching a clean slate of politics" can be reached. "The great Protestant denominations are recognizing," she said "the moral necessity of women's voice in politics and the Christian women throughout the country realize the need of representation in the Government by which they are controlled." Rev. Mr. Forbes cited the big national organizations which have indorsed suffrage, and Rev. James Dingwell of Pawtucket spoke in favor of the resolution. Mrs. Bacon of Peace Dale, opposed its passage, and Rev. Samuel C. Bartlett, a missionary from Japan, spoke against it. The resolution follows: "Whereas, 4,000,000 women in one-fourth of the States of the Union are now entitled to vote, and whereas,, the women of Australia, New Zealand, a large part of Canada and several important European countries now vote upon equal terms with men, and "Whereas, such important Protestant denominations as the Unitarian, the Presbyterian and the Methodist have endorsed the justice and righteousness of granting to women the political franchise, and "Whereas the women of the Congregational Church are as loyal, devoted and responsive to the calls of Christian service as any body of women in the world, be it "Resolved, That this Autumnal Conference of Rhode Island Congregational Churches, assembled on the ninth day of November, 1916, in the Franklin Church of Howard, does herby indorse giving the franchise to women on the same terms as men and advocates securing the same either by State or Federal action." [*Woman's Journal Oct. 16, 1915.*] ORGAN OF CHURCH WON BY FINDINGS Congregationalist Asks Western Ministers About Suffrage and All Approve An investigation among the Congregational ministers of the West has convinced the Congregationalist that "fears often entertained in advance are not borne out by the actual workings of equal suffrage." In a striking editorial Oct. 7 the Congregationalist declares: "We are in favor of extending the privileges and responsibilities of citizenship to women." "In Seattle every member of a representative group of local and State Congregational leaders was enthusiastic in approval," says the editorial. "That State has had eight years' experience--three years of full suffrage under the territorial government and the last five years under the State constitutional amendment. Some said that before woman suffrage came they or their wives were against it, but now all agree that it is better for the women, for the men and for the city and State than the old order. They said that it seemed to be the normal thing for husband and wife, brother and sister, to go to the polls together and vote, as they would go together to church or any public assembly; that under equal suffrage it has been possible to secure better laws, and, on the whole, better officials; that the polling places have become clean wholesome and attractive; that good citizenship and good government had made a substantial gain through the study and discussion of public affairs in the homes. These Seattle men agreed that they knew of no women who were neglecting their home duties because of political interests, but they had noticed one change in the ways of some. Instead of devoting much time to bridge whist, "pink teas" and idle gossip, they were now engaged in good government study classes, in the consideration of social welfare and needed reforms. They said that the women voters took a stronger and more advanced stand on questions of morality and social welfare than men usually do. "The demand for equal suffrage is an inevitable and essential element in the movement for democracy. We ought not to shrink from this, the final application of the democratic idea." [*Woman's Journal June*] 10, 1916 LOYAL IN CHURCH METHODISTS FIND History of Sect Endorsing Suffrage Shows Women Competent To Use Vote Commenting upon the recent endorsement of woman suffrage by the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the Christian Science Monitor says: "It was voted upon with surprisingly little open dissent, and the number of votes recorded against it was less than ten. "The grounds of the indorsement are interesting to note. Everything in denominational history has shown the equal loyalty of. women and men to the obligations of membership and to the duties of suffrage as ecclesiastically exercised. As a matter of expediency, 'Christian wives and mothers should be given an opportunity to assist in the great work of introducing into politics more of the true spirit of practical Christianity': that is to say, society needs the decisions that will follow the giving of the ballot to women with high ideals and pure motives. Simply as an affair of justice and righteousness, equality of the sexes must be recognized, if the denomination is to be true to its past as a sect believing in those fundamental qualities of a sound society. Thus the argument of the resolution runs; and it is noteworthy for its simplicity, concreteness and trust in fair play. "Persons who recall the struggle for equality of rights within the denomination which Frances E. Willard so gallantly led in the '80s, and who know how comparatively new a thing it is for woman to be equal with man in the churches that call John Wesley their founder, will be most surprised by this vote at the Saratoga conference. "As there is nothing formally and legally binding upon the rank and file of clergy and laity by the passing of such a resolution, it would be risky to assume that the large numerical strength of this sect can forthwith be counted upon by the equal suffragists. But there is significance in the swift, unimpeded enactment of such a resolution by a legislative and judicial tribunal of a powerful denomination, and one that counts for much at seats of political power." [*W.J. May 27. 1916*] NEW ENGLAND EDITION METHODISTS OUT FOR EQUAL VOTE Church Adopts Strong Statement Drawn by Prominent Members Favoring Suffrage The Methodist Episcopal Church was committed to woman suffrage on May 23 at its national convention in Saratoga, N.Y., through the acceptance of a resolution introduced by Judge Henry Wade Rogers of the United States Circuit Court at New York City. In addition to Judge Rogers, the resolution was signed by ex-Governor James F. Hanly of Indiana, ex-Lieut. Gov. Albert J. Wallace of California, Chancellor James R. Day of Syracuse University, President A. W. Harris of Northwestern University, Chicago; President Samuel Dickie of Albion College, Albion, Mich.; Judge George M. Spurlock of York, Neb.; Justice John Marshall of the Supreme Court of Kansas, President Samuel Plantz of Lawrence College, Appleton, Wis.; Dean L. J. Birney of the Boston University School of Theology and other delegates of prominence. The resolution follows: Whereas, In the history of the Methodist Episcopal Church women have always been loyal and faithful workers, and Whereas, We recognize that Christian wives and mothers should be given an opportunity to assist in the great work of introducing into politics more of the true spirit of practical Christianity, and Whereas, The Methodist Episcopal Church has always stood for justice and righteousness in social and political life; Resolved, Therefore, that we, the delegates to the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, assert our belief in the justice and righteousness of granting to women the political franchise. "The act proposed in this resolution is an act of justice," Judge Rogers told the delegates. "In my opinion, women need the ballot for the same reason as men. Women should share in making the laws that regulate their lives." [*Woman's Journal Nov. 27 1915*] CHURCHES FAVOR WOMEN'S VOTING New York City Episcopal Bodies Take Favorable Action in Aid of Suffrage Practically all Episcopal churches in New YorkCity announced this week either that their vestries had already authorized women to vote, or else that popular votes were to be taken shortly at parish meetings to authorize them to do so. Heavenly Rest, Grace, St. Thomas, St. Andrew's, Calvary, Holy Trinity, St. James, and other parishes are said to be among those which have acted favorably. Privilege of voting does not, it is said, imply also the right to be voted for, so that wardens and vestrymen, and delegates to conventions will be men as heretofore. E. L. Tefft of Christ Church, speaking of the women voting, said: "Since 90 per cent. of the workers in our churches are women, and almost as large a proportion make up the congregation, it is high time women had voice in the management of parish affairs. If I had my way I would let them serve on vestries. Perhaps if they did, needed reforms in the conduct of business affairs would follow." [*Woman's Journal December 11, 1915*] of Suffrage The effort was made in Kentucky during the Eastern campaign to secure the active support of all the ministers in the State. At the same time the Executive Board of the Kentucky Equal Rights Association made a formal request of each of the State conferences of the different churches to pass resolutions endorsing suffrage. The Northern Methodist Church and the Disciples of Christ, large and influential denominations in Kenutcky, have already complied with this request. "Our plan is to continue the effort until we get all the church governments siding with us to come out in the open for us," writes Mrs. Breckinridge, Campaign chairman. The following letter was sent out by the president of the Kentucky E. R. A. to every minister in the State, together with a leaflet addressed to ministers, published by the National Association: "Dear Sir: "The Kentucky Equal Rights Association, an organization of more than 15,000 members, appeals to you to give your moral support to the cause of woman suffrage in Kentucky. "Eleven States and the territory of Alaska now have full suffrage, as you see from the map printed above; Illinois women have presidential, municipal and school suffrage. There are in all some four million women eligible to vote in presidential elections. "We feel that woman suffrage is not so much a political question as a question based upon righteousness and justice. Since the interest of women, as manifested where they vote, concentrates itself upon the protection of the home, women and children and upon the advancement of personal and public morality, we believe that no more important step can be taken for the betterment of this State than the granting of suffrage to its women. "Ministers know probably better than any other class of men how large a per cent of the workers for moral betterment are women. It can be readily proven by the legislation passed in suffrage States that women remain true to type when they are given political power. There is no reason to suppose that Kentucky women will be inferior to the women of the Western States or less conscientious in their use of political privileges. "The Prohibition, the Progressive, the Socialist and the Republican parties of Kentucky have this year endorsed in their platforms the submission by the Legislature of the question of woman suffrage to the voters. The first three parties have in addition endorsed the principle as one of justice and righteousness. The Kentucky Federation of Women's Clubs, including more than 15,000 women, endorses the principle, and has in addition urged the submission of the question by the next Legislature. Even those not yet convinced of the righteousness and expediency of woman suffrage should at least advocate the submission of the question to the voters as the only democratic solution of a question vitally affecting fifty per cent. of the adult population of Kentucky. "Believing that ministers of the gospel should always be, and usually are, leaders in moral questions, we make bold to ask you if you believe in the justice of the principle of woman suffrage to preach as soon as possible a sermon on the subject and to use your influence with your congregation in its behalf. The enclosed leaflet contains some data. Additional literature will be gladly furnished by this office on request." 000367 EDITOR CONNECTS GRANGE AND VOTE Equality of Men and Women Secret of Strength Says New England Homestead The editor of the New England Homestead, one of the Orange-Judd farming publications, draws the connection in an editorial this week between the grange and equal suffrage. “One secret of the strength and usefulness of the Grange,” he says, “has been its equality of women with men, for equal powers of voice, vote and representation throughout the order of Patrons of Husbandry. This fact, together with the generally recognized equality of women with men in the duties of farm life, accounts in part for the increasing sentiment favorable to votes for women in country and town.” The editor says that he has believed in equal suffrage ever since the following incident: “About 1867 Mrs. Stanton called upon the writer’s parents and requested their signature on a petition to the Massachusetts Legislature for women’s rights.My mother warmly approved, but not my father. Gathering her five older children around her, my mother explained to them what she was about to do. Then with great solemnity she signed her name to the document. I was just old enough to remember Lincoln’s emancipation proclamation, but this deed in my own home made a much more vivid impression. My mother’s act seemed more important than Lincoln’s! From that day to this I have become increasingly convinced that if the Negro were admitted to citizenship at the price of a Great War, the least men can do now is to admit women to citizenship without war. No taxation without representation.” PARADE TO SHOW WOMEN OF THE WORLD About 200 Banners Will Be Needed to Tell of International Effort It is estimated that it will take two hundred banners to carry the full story of suffrage organization and suffrage achievement by International Woman Suffrage Alliance in the New York parade on Oct. 23. The international THE WOMAN’S J ROM THE NEW YORK Last Saturday, June 3, was Suffrage Day on the New York baseball grounds, and not only [b]rought victory to the home [t]eam, but netted about $4000 and much enthusiasm for the cause. Mrs. Norman de R. Whitehouse, chairman of the State Woman Suffrage Party, occupied the central box of the second tier. [?]rom it floated a new gold-and-white suffrage banner, designed by Anne Goldthwaite, an artist, which was carried at the head of the New York division of the parade in Chicago June 7. Every player on the New York team who made a home run was offered a large chocolate cake, and two cakes were earned in the first inning by Larry Doyle and Heinie Groh. For the previous two weeks there was a display of fifty chocolate cakes in a store window in [?]harge of Miss Jane Thompson. Every purchaser of a ticket to the game received from her a large slice of cake as a bonus. By payment of an extra dime the purchaser drew Miss Thompson’s cake recipe. The Brooklyn Woman Suffrage Associtaion at their recent annual meeting elected the following officers: Mary H. Loines, president; Mrs. F. W. Hooper, first vice-president; Mrs. Townsend Scudder, second vice-president; Mrs. E. S. Child, third vice-president; Mrs. K. S. MacDowell, recording secretary; Mrs. John Brant, corresponding secretary; Mrs. Louis Ehrenberg, treasurer; Mrs. P. F. Maine, auditor. MISSISSIPPI At a recent meeting of the Columbus Suffrage League, Mrs. M. V. Jones of Hollondale gave a brief review of her activities as president of the Delta district. Mrs. Jones has large business interests in the Delta and feels a strong personal need for political equality. Columbus will be represented at the St. Louis demonstration by Miss Orr, president of the State Suffrage Association, and by Miss Edna Johnston, press chairman. KENTUCKY Mrs. Edmund M. Post. Con- [*Woman suffrage is as inevitable as the rising of to-morrow's sun. Speaker Champ Clark.*] Ever since the day when Mistress Margaret Brent, in 1647, demanded a "place and voyce" in the Maryland legislature, there has existed in the United States, more or less interest in the place and work of women. Witness the brilliant coterie of intelligent men and women, whose names are household words, spending their livex in laboring for a cause, so long unpopular. Now, however, a wave of enthusiasm is spreading all over this broad land, overthrowing criticisms, silencing objections, causing an upheaval of long established traditions, awakening a tremendous sentiment in favor of the emancipation of women, and the establishment of a true democracy. "Through the ages one increasing purpose runs, And the thoughts of men are widened with the process of the suns". What wonder, then that in even the more conservative New England states, men and women are rising to higher, broader, development, to unselfish action, in which justice to all is the paramount aim. And, as under the summer sun, "Every clod feels a stir of might, A something within it which reaches and towers, And groping blindly above it for light Climbs to a soul in grass and flowers." So the feminist movement, permeating as it does the ideas and thoughts and writings of men and women everywhere, is arousing women to a larger sphere of usefulness; for woman needs the contact with the outside world, primarily for her own development, but also for the beneficial effects of her conscientious Christian standards on its grosser elements. We believe in the sanctity of the home and the parental training of children, but we claim that this institution can be better protected and maintained if the woman helps to make the laws which are to safeguard the family. We consider it more needful for her to be interested in civic betterment, health, sanitation, good laws, and pure food, than in bridge, novels, cheap shows and the latest fashions, in order to be not only the right kind of wife and mother, but the highest type of woman. We contend that the woman needs the ballot. Does the state, need the woman? Yes, woman is as much needed in political as in home house cleaning. Men and women are created to work together. One is complement of the other. Sex antagonisms should not exist, and will not, when sex discriminations disappear. Woman has been described as "an aspiring creature whose political sphere is slightly flattened at the polls." May we suggest that the limited boundary of the polls of some politicians is largely responsible for this serious condition. Experience proves that women have accomplished important reforms in the states granting them the franchise; a strong argument in its favor. We prophesy that the work for which the earlier advocates spent their lives, and for which so many are now contending will not have been in vain, and that a government of the people, by the people and for the people will soon be established onthe earth. Avis A. Hawkins 92 Linwood Ave., Providence, R.I. Transcribed and reviewed by contributors participating in the By The People project at crowd.loc.gov.