NAWSA          Subject File                                          Congressional Union
                                                                                           Printed Matter

QUARTERLY LETTER

Issued by the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association.

(In the following letter, Miss Alice Stone Blackwell, announces
an important public Meeting and Conference to be
addressed by Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt at Ford Hall, Boston,
on February 25th and 26th; urges Massachusetts Suffragists
to write to their U. S. Senators in behalf of the Susan B.
Anthony Amendment to the Federal Constitution; and explains
the differences in policy between the National Association and
the Congressional Union.)

TO THE MEMBERS OF THE MASSACHUSETTS
WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION AND ITS AUXILIARY
LOCALS:

The most important suffrage meeting in Massachusetts
since the close of the Campaign will be held at Ford Hall,
Boston, on February 25th and 26th. There will be a Mass
Meeting open to the public on the evening of the 25th, and
conferences for suffragists only, on the morning and afternoon
of the 26th. The chief speaker on both days will be the new
president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association,
Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt.

She will explain her plans for bringing strong and concerted
pressure to bear upon Congress from all over the
country to secure the passage of the nation-wide suffrage
amendment now pending, and she will also advise us as to
our own state work.

Mrs. Catt is president of the International Woman
Suffrage Alliance, as well as of the National American Woman
Suffrage Association. She has long been looked upon as the
most sagacious suffragist in this country, and probably in the
world. The whole work, both State and National, is sure to
take on added efficiency under her leadership.

Come to Ford Hall, and get both information and inspiration!

WRITE TO YOUR SENATORS.

A vote will probably soon be taken in the U. S. Senate on
the "Susan B. Anthony Amendment." This is the nation-wide
woman suffrage amendment. It forbids the United States, or
any State, to disfranchise people on account of sex. In order
to become part of the U. S. Constitution, it must pass Congress
by a two-thirds vote, and must then be ratified by the
Legislatures of three-fourths of the States. If you have not
yet written to the two U. S. Senators from Massachusetts,
Henry Cabot Lodge and John W. Weeks, asking them to
support this measure, please do so at once. Their address is
U. S. Senate, Washington, D. C. Get your husbands, fathers, 
and brothers to write also.

In the U. S. House of Representatives, the suffrage
amendment has been referred to the Judiciary Committee,
which has voted to postpone action upon it until December,
i. e., until after the election. Some members fear that they
would hurt their chances of re-election by voting against it.
They are also waiting to see whether suffrage is going to be
carried or defeated in Iowa, South Dakota, and West Virginia.

The National American Woman Suffrage Association, of
which the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association is a
part, has been urging the Susan B. Anthony Amendment upon
Congress for many years; but Congress did not give it serious
consideration until the growth in the number of suffrage
states made it a live political question. When Kansas, Oregon,

and Arizona all gave women the ballot simultaneously, in
November, 1912, the politicians began to sit up and take
notice; and their respect increased when Illinois followed in
1913, and Montana and Nevada in 1914. The measure was
pressed with added vigor, and in the last Congress it got a
majority vote in the Senate, and a large minority vote in the
House.

THE CONGRESSIONAL UNION.

As the Congressional Union has just organized in Massachusetts,
and is urging the members of the Massachusetts
Woman Suffrage Association to join it, many of our members
wish for advice as to whether they should do so or not. In my
judgment it is best for them to continue to work with the
Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association. The reasons
will appear from the following explanation of the differing
policies of the two societies.

The National Suffrage Association does both National
and State work. It believes in working with Congress, to
get national legislation for woman suffrage, and also in working
to increase the number of suffrage states. The Congressional
Union believes in concentrating wholly upon Congress.
It has helped some of the Campaign states in the past,
but has now come out against the effort to get more suffrage
states one by one. Its leaders hold that it is ignominious for
women to ask suffrage from the voters at large, and that
henceforward we should ask it only from Congress and the
State Legislatures. This view was emphasized at the recent
meeting of the Congressional Union at the Copley Plaza Hotel
in Boston.

To me it seems that there is nothing more ignominious
in asking suffrage from the voters at large than from Congressmen
or legislators. If there is more ignorance among
the voters, there is often more corruption in the legislative
bodies. In Arizona the corrupt interests were strong enough
with the Legislature to make it refuse to submit a constitutional
amendment submitted to the voters by initiative petition,
and it carried, sweeping every county. Sometimes it is easier
to get suffrage through the Legislature, sometimes through
the voters. We have to be guided by circumstances. But it
is no more humiliating to ask it from the one from the
other. I would just as lief ask the ballot from the most
ignorant "man in the street" as from some powerful crook in
the Legislature. And it is only because the suffragists in
the West have worked persistently and successfully to gain
state after state by popular vote, that our question now gets
serious consideration in Congress.

The National Suffrage Association believes in doing both
political and educational work. The Congressional Union has
declared in its official organ that the time for educational
work for suffrage is past, and that the Susan B. Anthony
Amendment can now be put through purely by political pressure.
The Union believes that the best way to apply this
pressure is to organize the women voters in the suffrage states
to vote against all the Congressional candidates of whichever
party happens to be in power in Washington, - at present the
Democrats, next year perhaps the Republicans, - until the
party in power votes to submit the Susan B. Anthony Amendment
to the State Legislatures.

[*(Official name - Natl. American*]
[*Woman Suffrage Assn.*]

The Union tried this at the time of the last Congressional
elections. They sent their organizers into the various suffrage
states, and appealed to the women voters to vote against all
the Democratic candidates for Congress. Among others, they
campaigned against men who had been some of the best and
strongest friends of woman suffrage - men who had stood
by it in the days before women got the ballot, and had helped
them to get it, - such as Sen. Chamberlain of Oregon and Sen.
Thomas of Colorado. The attempt failed completely.

The speakers of the Congressional Union, in describing
the results of its efforts, often say, "We campaigned against
43 candidates, and of these only 19 were returned to Congress."
This is misleading. As a matter of fact, there were
only 18 Democrats in Congress from the suffrage states
whose terms expired; and 19 Democrats were elected from
those states to the new Congress. When the Union worked
to cut down the Democratic representation from those
states actually increased, although it was at the time of a
Republican landslide, when the Democrats were meeting with
losses almost everywhere else. The rest of the 43 constituencies
were Republican districts, which were not represented
by Democrats when the Congressional Union took hold, and
were not in the habit of electing Democrats.

The anti-suffragists say that the gain made by the Democrats
in the suffrage states was due to the fact that the Congressional
Union campaigned against them. I do not for a
moment believe this; but the outcome certainly showed that
the Union had not converted any large number of the women
voters to their policy of "penalizing" the party in power at
Washington.

They say that they hope to build up a large support
among the women voters for this policy in course of time.
In my opinion it is not likely that they can do it. Ever since
the women in the West began to vote, nearly fifty years ago,
the uniform report has been that their ingrained tendency
was to judge a candidate by his own character and record,
and to care comparatively little about his party label. It is
by acting upon that principle that they are considered to have
rendered their greatest service to the cause of good government.
The policy of the Union might require them to vote
against the best man, and the man who stood for the best
measures, merely in order to punish his party in Washington,
for an offence for which he was in no way responsible. Meanwhile,
their effort to do it diverts money and energy from
more hopeful lines of work, and is a direct injury to the state
campaigns. If the suffrage amendment now pending in Iowa is
to carry, it must get votes from both Republicans and Democrats.
The fact that the Congressional Union was campaigning 
against the Democrats in the suffrage states, cost us
Democratic votes in all the states where suffrage amendments
were pending at the time of the last Congressional elections.
It must inevitably have this effect.

At the Copley Plaza meeting, a representative of the
Union said they wanted to raise $80,000 in Massachusetts to
send 20 young women out to the suffrage states to organize
the women voters along this line. In my judgment the
$80,000 would be far better spent in helping Iowa, South
Dakota and West Virginia to win. Nothing will give the
Susan B. Anthony amendment so great a "boost" in Congress
as to carry those states. Nothing could give it so bad a wet
blanket as to be defeated in all of them.

The Congressional Union has announced its intention of
organizing a branch in every Congressional district of Massachusetts
to bring pressure to bear upon Congress for the Susan

B. Anthony amendment. In every Congressional district of
Massachusetts the suffragists are already organized, under
the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association. From every
district they brought pressure to bear upon the last Congress
for that amendment, and they are continuing to do so upon
the present Congress. To form a second society in each district
for that purpose means duplication of work, and more
or less friction, perplexity, and ill feeling. There ought to be
a strong reason to justify this, and in my opinion no such
reason exists.

The leaders of the Congressional Union think that there
is such a reason. They are thoroughly sincere, devoted, and
ardent suffragists; and they are so fervently convinced of the
wisdom and importance of their anti-party policy as a short
cut to suffrage that they can see nothing else. We should not
allow ourselves to feel any bitterness against those of our
friends who elect to join the Congressional Union. The organization
of a new society is bound to hurt our work somewhat,
but the more we allow ourselves to get angry and
excited about it, the more harm it will do us. If we can keep
cool and keep sweet, we shall reduce the harm to a minimum.
Always remember that the Congressional Union is to be
regarded not as an enemy, but as a misguided friend.

Women are asking whether they cannot belong to both
societies. They cannot do so consistently, since the two are
following opposite policies in their relation to the political
parties, the National Association being non-partisan in the
usual sense of the word, while the Union is non-partisan only
in the sense that it believes in opposing the party in power,
whichever party that may be, until that party consents to submit
the Susan B. Anthony amendment. For this reason the
National Association and the Union are not affiliated. The
question is up to each woman to decide for herself. If she
wants to belong to both organizations the Massachusetts
Woman Suffrage Association will not expel her or penalize
her in any way; but if she clearly understands the difference
she will hardly wish to belong to both.

HELP THE CAMPAIGN STATES.

While we are pressing Congress to pass the Susan B.
Anthony amendment, and at the same time pushing our new
campaign for 100,000 new members in Massachusetts, I wish
that every local league would hold three entertainments, one
for the benefit of each of the Campaign states, Iowa, South
Dakota, and West Virginia. The enemy is already sending
money and workers into those states; and Massachusetts 
anti-suffragists are giving entertainments here to raise funds
to fight the suffrage amendment in Iowa.

NEW SUFFRAGE TRACT.

A reply to the "Case Against Woman Suffrage" has been
prepared and may be ordered from the office of the Woman's
Journal, 585 Boylston Street, Boston. It is a compilation of
the editorials that have lately appeared in the Woman's
Journal reviewing the anti-suffrage arguments.

LATEST SUFFRAGE VICTORY.

In closing, I wish to congratulate our members on the
granting of full suffrage to women in Manitoba, a province
as big as all New England, with New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia
combined.

ALICE STONE BLACKWELL.


AN UNPRACTICAL POLICY.

People ought not to join the Union unless they really believe in
its program. Its program is to fight the national party in power, and
to get the women voters of the Western States to oppose its Congressional
candidates until it submits the nation-wide suffrage amendment.
In our judgment this is a wholly visionary plan. Ever since women began
voting in the West, now nearly half a century ago, their most conspicuous
trait as voters has been that they pay more attention to a
candidate's character and record than to his party label. This is
their inveterate tendency; and it is through this tendency that they
are considered to have rendered their greatest service to the enfranchised
States . . . .

The Union hopes in course of time to build up a large opposition
to the dominant party among the women voters; but we believe that
following this line of effort is chasing a will of the wisp. It diverts
money and energy from more useful and fruitful methods, and so
far as it has any effect upon the campaign States, the effect is bad.

It is sometimes said that the leaders of the Congressional Union
are not at present opposing any party. They are not at this moment
because this is the interval between elections; but they did it at the
last election, and they mean to do it at the next, unless in the meantime
the dominant party in Congress submits the amendment.

The leaders of the Union mean well. Their enthusiasm and consecration
are beautiful, and their fervor is like a fire in the bones; 
but this very intensity carries with it at times a certain narrowness,
an inability to see any point of view but their own. To them, all
times and seasons are appropriate for making a protest; and they could
not see that they would not really be serving the cause by pressing it
upon the President's attention at a time which both the President and
the general public would regard as highly unfitting.

Just so with their present intention to organize an auxiliary association
in every Congressional district. Why come into a State where
every Congressional district is already organized for suffrage, where
every district is already putting pressure on Congress in behalf of the
nation-wide suffrage amendment, and try to form in each district a
second organization to push that amendment? It seems to the leaders
of the Union so important to build up their own society, and to have
in every Congressional district a group of women who will do the work
exactly as directed from the Union's headquarters, that they overlook
the obvious drawbacks of duplicating machinery, of causing friction and
ill feeling, and of disintegrating the suffrage societies now existing
throughout the country, almost all of which are allied with the National.
They would be glad to see them disintegrated, and to have all
their live material incorporated into the Union.

The leaders of the Union are not to be blamed. They believe that
the anti-party policy which they have struck out is the best and quickest
way to carry the nation-wide suffrage amendment, and they naturally
make straight for their goal through thick and thin, and try to rally
to their banner all possible support. Those who believe in their policy
ought to give it their support. But those who do not believe in it
ought to support the organizations which are following a wiser method.

The question is, or should be, one of program and not of personalities;
and we should line up with the one society or the other, according
as we believe that the one policy or the other will be the more
helpful to the cause.

ALICE STONE BLACKWELL.

(Editorial in Woman's Journal of June 19, 1915.)

                                        Two Contrasted Policies
                                              ---------------------
   The Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage is about to organize
branches in Massachusetts and several other States.  The suffragists of 
these States will therefore have before them very shortly the question
whether to join it or not.
    The congressional Union exists for the purpose of carrying the nation-wide
amendment for woman suffrage -- the so-called Susan B. Anthony 
amendment.  With the exception of some Southern suffragists, who object 
to it on the ground of State's rights, practically all the suffragists
of the United States would be glad to see this amendment carried.  The
National American Woman Suffrage Association has been working for it for
many years, and with added vigor of late, since the enfranchisement of
women in a large group of western States has caused the measure to be
regarded in Congress with serious respect.
     In their object, the National Association and the Congressional 
Union are at one.  The main difference between them is one of method.
     The National Association believes in a non-partisan policy, in the
sense that it makes its appeal to all parties, believing that the votes
of the justice-loving men in all parties will be needed to carry the 
measure.  It opposes no party, as such, but opposes candidates who are 
opposed to equal suffrage, no matter to what party they belong.
     The leaders of the Congressional Union, on the other hand, are 
profoundly convinced that the way to carry woman suffrage is to force
whichever national party happens to be in power to make it a party
question in Congress; and that the way to do this is to get the women
of the enfranchised States to vote against the party's candidates for 
Congress, no matter what the candidates' own views on suffrage may be,
until the party surrenders.
     This anti-party policy has met with much disapproval among the
suffragists.  Organizers of the Congressional Union say that the Union
is not a present opposing any party.  But that is only because we are
now in the interval between Congressional elections.  They did it last 
year, and they undoubtedly mean to do it next year, unless the nationwide
suffrage amendment should get the necessary two-thirds vote in
the incoming Congress, and pass. Miss Alice Paul is the unquestioned 
leader of the Union, by her talents, her earnestness, and her personal
power.  Whatever line she takes, the Council of the Union is pretty
sure to follow.  Miss Paul is devoted to this anti-party policy, has
argued for it again and again in the Union's organ, The Suffragist,
and does not profess to have undergone any change of view in regard to
it.  No one should join the Union who does not believe in its anti-party
policy, for that is what its members will infallibly find themselves
again committed to as soon as the next Congressional elections
come on.
     The National Association has generally asked Congress not only
for the Susan B. Anthony amendment, but for some subsidiary measures
as well.  Of some of these subsidiary measures Miss Anthony was her-

Two Contrasted Policies -2-
self a warm advocate.  A new one, evolved within the last two years by
the National's Congressional Committee, called the Shafroth amendment, 
has been the object of much criticism.  Effort for this amendment has
now been dropped.  The Congressional Union works for the Susan B. Anthony
amendment only.  
     Last, but not least, the National Association favors the effort to
get more suffrage States, and means to aid the campaigns in such as are
hopeful; while the leaders of the Congressional Union believe that there
are already suffrage Sates enough to force the nation-wide suffrage
amendment through Congress, and that it is wiser to concentrate all effort
upon Congress than to try and get any more states.
    Miss Alice Paul is reported in the New York Tribune of Nov. I as
saying that the outcome of this year's four campaigns has "demonstrated
the futility of the State by State method."
    Eight States have give the women the ballot within the past six 
years, through the State by State method.  Two exceedingly difficult and exceedingly important ones came very near doing it this Fall -- New York
and Pennsylvania.  The outcome, instead of showing the futility of trying
to carry separate States, shows that even States which were long regarded 
as impossible have now come to the very verge of success.
    Both the National Association and the Congressional Union mean to 
push the nation-wide suffrage amendment in Congress with all their
might.  No one needs to go outside of the National Association in order
to work for that amendment.  But if it does not pass between now and
June, nothing could give it so great a "boost" as the carrying of Iowa.
                                                                                      A.S.B.
                                    From The Woman's Journal, November 13, 1915
                       ------------------------------------------------





SOME CURRENT DOCUMENTS*
ON
SUFFRAGE AND THE CONGRESSIONAL UNION

A: Letter by Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt to New York State Assembly District Leaders in answer
to claims of the Congressional Union.
B: Letter by Mrs. Catt to Miss Alice Paul asking her to withdraw from New York during the campaign.
C: Letter from Mrs. Laura Puffer Morgan of the Congressional Committee of the N. A. W. S. A.,
to the National Board reviewing some of the current claims and assertions of the Union.
D: A sane and balanced review of the whole situation by Miss Alice Stone Blackwell in the Woman's
Journal, April 14th

War has been declared upon the National by a
new militant organization which enjoys autocratic
leadership and a philosophic irresponsibility to the
suffrage movement in the various States.
We haven't much time or money to waste in
pulling down another organization. About all we
can do is to place rapidly before the suffragists of
the country the facts as they seem to us.
For this reason we are placing herewith, without
extended comment, certain recent documents in
suffrage history for the information of those who
want to understand the differences which have
arisen between the National Association and the
Congressional Union.
We shall have more, perhaps, to print. This is a
democratic movement and it must be fought out
through the rank and file. The leaders of the
National American Woman Suffrage Association
can not move without first convincing the State
organizations and the suffragists in general that they
are right. This is the democratic procedure but it
throws some of the responsibility upon you!
Don't shift it. Read these open letters and stow
away their points for further reflection.

A:
What Mrs. Catt thinks of the romantic
reaction in American suffrage movement.
TO ASSEMBLY DISTRICT LEADERS:
Two up-State Campaign District Chairmen have
complained that workers for the Congressional
Union are seriously handicapping their work. One
County Leader and two captains have resigned with
a view to working with that organization. These
Congressional Union workers are reported saying,
(1) That our amendment cannot possibly be
carried; that the Federal amendment is the easiest
and surest road to victory. (2) That they do not
intend to interfere in our campaign as no congressional
elections take place this year. They are
only organizing now in order to set up a congressional
campaign after November, but in doing this they
are drawing off workers upon the ground that there
is no hope in doing the work our way. (3) Some
have said that they really hope our amendment will
be beaten so that the Federal amendment movement
will not be set back by the idea that the
suffrage can be won State by State. (4) That the
National has give up the historical suffrage amendment
and has taken up another. The National
has denied this over and over again but with no
effect upon the Congressional Union. I do not
blame these young women who have had no background
of experience upon which to base judgement

for such half-baked notions, but it is important that
all our leaders should know the facts concerning the
Federal amendments so as to be prepared for any
predatory raids upon our organization and campaign.
A Federal amendment must be ratified by the
legislatures of three-fourths of the States, which
means that 36 States must vote for and that 12
may vote against. Ever since the Civil War the
South has clung tenaciously to the doctrine of
States Rights and has never yet endorsed anything in
Congress which conflicts with that idea. The South
may get away from that notion some time, but suffrage
agitation in that part of the country is many years
behind that of the North and there is not a ghost of
a chance that the real Southern legislatures will
ratify a Federal amendment even if submitted.
Formerly the southern group numbered fifteen.
Take away Texas and Missouri as westernized, and
Kentucky and Tennessee as northernized, and consider
these four as possible in the list of States to
ratify our amendment, and there remain eleven
iron-bound Southern States which for a long time to
come will not ratify a National amendment. It
follows then that the suffrage amendment when
submitted must be ratified by all the New England
States, all the Middle States, and by New York
and Pennsylvania, one or both. Only one State
outside of this Southern group can go against the
amendment and still give us a chance to win.
No legislature in New York or in any other
Eastern State has ever had more than one-third of
its members who believed in suffrage; in New York
it has usually been about one-fourth. Submission
of our question is merely throwing the responsibility
on the voters, and most of our legislative
members will use their influence to defeat it at the
polls, whereas, ratification of a Federal amendment
means that the members will vote for suffrage
per se not only for our own State but for all the States.
Imagine a Federal amendment, submitted now.
How could we secure its endorsement by our Legislature?
Only by doing what we are now doing;
working up a big sentiment in the constituency of
each man. As yet that sentiment has not become
noticeable enough to have brought the majority
over. It is doubtless would involve going into the
elections with the effort to elect favorable members.
The difficulty of an unenfranchised class attempting
to persuade political parties to give up the men of
their choice, needs only to be tried to be appreciated.
In the event we should lose in our campaign and
if no way is open for immediate or early resubmission,
then in my judgement, we should turn our guns
upon Congress and work for a Federal amendment;

NOTE--Press chairmen and others will please note that these are printed for the information of suffragists and not
primarily for newspaper use.

but while working for it we will have to work also
upon the Legislature which will be called upon to
ratify it. Any one who has observed with care the
development of our movement within the last five
years will realize that the task is quite as difficult to
secure that ratification in Albany as to secure the
ratification at the polls. We may come in finally
by the Federal route; but whether we do or not it is
good common sense to do our utmost to carry the
general election while the referendum is on rather
than to postpone action to some uncertain date in
the future. If we fail, every vote we have made will
serve again in the constituency of the legislature.

Do not allow your workers to grow weak-hearted
over this campaign. Political machines and bribers
may, it is true, rob us of our well earned victory,
but if these tactics are not tried our chances are
splendid. Sentiment moves on by leaps and bounds
and there is no reason to be discouraged. Those
who have dropped out are evidently afraid of hard
work and have been duped into the belief that there
is an easy way to get the vote. Alas, there is none.
By whichever route we women pass to our final enfranchisement,
it will be over a road of hard work,
sacrifice and struggle. Tell your women "to stay
in the trenches" if they would serve the women of
the world.

Most cordially yours,

CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT, Chairman.

B: On the Union's activities in a Campaign
State.
MY DEAR MISS PAUL:

I have been asked by motion of the Empire State
Campaign Committee to write you, expressing their
protest against the character of the work being done
by the Congressional Union in this State. The
reason for the motion was the complaint of two
Campaign District Chairmen that your agents were
handicapping their local campaign by the attempt
to call off their workers with the argument that New
York has no chance and that the Federal route is
the only one which can lead to victory. As the
Committee did not instruct me what to say, I will
set forth my own point of view.

When the suffragists of New York entered upon
this campaign a year and a half ago, the leaders, and
I think most of the rank and file, were actuated by
two groups of reasons.

I. The amendment had passed one legislature
and was pretty sure to pass the second. For the
sake of the future, if not the present, and for the
effect upon the movement the whole world over, it
was clear that the best showing possible must be
made on the final popular vote. When the corruption,
bigotry and ignorance of New York was
uppermost in one's thoughts it seemed impossible
that woman suffrage or any other good cause could
ever win at the polls; but no human being can
positively know when the appointed time for
the victory of righteousness will arrive. History
is full of examples of the sudden surrender of opposition
after years of bitter conflict and the astonishingly
easy establishment of a truth. How could
we know that the "woman's hour" was not at hand,
we asked ourselves.

We all determined to wage the most efficient
campaign within our power, hoping that conditions,

political and social, would prove so propitious that
our work might bring our cause to victory. To
this end many women have given the last penny
they can squeeze out of their pockets and have
worked like galley-slaves every day of every week
since the campaign began.

2. We knew that if a Federal amendment were
submitted the Legislature of New York must be
one of those to ratify it. We knew that the State
had never had a suffrage legislature. The one
which submitted the State amendment was not
more than one-fourth in favor of suffrage per se.
We knew that, in case of failure this autumn, the
work would not be lost, as it would all tell in the
effort to secure the ratification of a Federal amendment.
So whether suffrage for the East was to
come by the State or the National route, it was clear
that we needed an organized, educated constituency
behind every man in the legislature.

It was good sense to drop all discussion of the
Federal process, as it befogged the issue, but all have
realized that the present campaign would eventually
prove a Federal asset. Meanwhile the "citadels
of prejudice" are yielding to our attacks beyond our
fondest hope a year ago. The only ominous thing
is that everything seems coming our way. Hope
grows stronger every day. Men who know New
York politics say we are sure to win. But a slip
somewhere like the famous "Rum" etc., an unexpected
breach in our defenses, or an evidence of
hopelessness, may easily turn the tide against us.
Ours is a delicate situation, but not at all hopeless.
Most of us are thrilled by the belief that the
woman's hour is indeed about to strike.

I am sure you must realize that the winning of
New York is the greatest thing which could happen
to the movement. In behalf of my committee,
therefore, and on my own account as well, I ask you
to withdraw your efforts at organization in New
York until the campaign is over.

At this time you may connect with disgruntled
suffragists here and there, but you are not likely to
command the adherence of any of the really efficient
ones. For the time and money expended you will
garner small results, but you may irritate and antagonize,
to the permanent detriment of your work.
On the other hand, six months hence the field is
free. If we win, as we hope, the women will all
want to help other States by Federal aid; and if we
lose, the women will be hot for the next battle.
The psychology of the two situations, now and then,
will mean little progress now and a hundred-fold
greater results then. Can you not see that this
will be true? There are plenty of States where you
are unorganized and where there is no campaign.
Why not work there now?

There is a rift between the National Association
and the Congressional Union over the Federal
amendment. The National has agreed to let us
alone during the campaign. Will you not do the
same? I hold it to be a courtesy which one body
of earnest suffragists has a right to ask of another
with whom it has no quarrel, that you will direct
your efforts towards other States for the next six
months. Give us the chance to think of you as
allies and not as competitors. Yours truly,

CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT.

C: How it Seems to a Member of the Congressional 
Committee.

DEAR BOARD MEMBER:-

In view of the recent action of the Congressional
Union in calling upon all suffragists to withdraw
from the National American Woman Suffrage
Association and to unite with the Union on the
ground that the National does not support the
Susan B. Anthony amendment, I am sending this
letter to the members of the National Board that
they may be put in as close touch as possible with
the present congressional situation, which it seems
to the committee, should be largely the determining
factor in a question of this kind. I am the member
of the committee who has been responsible for the
publicity issued from Washington during the past
session, and have given whatever time I could spare
from that work to the lobby. Last year, though
not a member of the committee, I followed the
work and was in charge of the Washington publicity
during the summer.

The first point that I wish to make is that this
whole situation has arisen through deliberate misstatements
by the leaders of the Union: first the
charge that the National was not working for the
Mondell amendment, second the statement that if
the National had worked for it it would have
passed at the last session, and finally the misrepresentations
made concerning the Shafroth amendment
itself.

It does not seem reasonable that the policy of the
Congressional Committee or the National Association
should be changed, not to meet a change of
conditions, but merely to avoid criticism, none of
which is founded on facts. What we should do, as
I see it, is to get the facts before the suffragists.

It is not necessary, of course, to explain to you
the work that the committee has done for the Susan
B. Anthony amendment. What I should like to
emphasize is the effectiveness of that work. If it
had not been for the Congressional Committee that
amendment would never have come to a vote
during the past session.

It is, however, as everyone knows, no less than
absurd to suppose that anything that could have
been done by suffragists would have changed enough
votes to pass the resolution. The fact that the
poll made by the Congressional Committee the
week before the vote in the House was taken differed
in only four votes from the vote itself is evidence
that the committee understood the situation.

The Congressional Union leaders knew perfectly
well at this time the work our committee was doing,
especially during the last month before the vote,
when our office was in constant communication
with the suffrage leaders at the Capitol. So far as
I know the Union did not attempt to do anything
during that time. In fact, it was then that they
were opening headquarters in New York. They
were present at the Capitol, however, on January
12th in large numbers, with the usual statement
that they were the only body supporting the
Mondell resolution. This statement they have
never even tried to substantiate, and, as a matter of
fact, the leaders of the Union do not themselves
believe in the claims they make for the Anthony
amendment. Both Miss Paul and Miss Burns,

when pinned down to it, have been unable to say
that they believed that the amendment would pass.
But they say, "you cannot succeed without faith."
Naturally it is necessary for them to keep up the
fiction with their followers or their case would
collapse.

I will not take up the objections raised against
the Shafroth resolution, except the one that it is
impossible to work for two measures at the same
time - the argument upon which rests the assumption
of the Union that because the National is in
favor of the Shafroth it is against the Anthony.

It is only necessary to scan the history of legislation
in Congress for the last decade to prove the
fallacy of this argument. It is general principle
that no measure of reform or innovation in legislation
has been enacted without some degree of temporary
compromise on the part of its proponents,
accepted as necessary for the achievement of the
ultimate success. As a matter of practice the
advocates of a measure to which there is formidable
opposition have always a second choice to bring
forward in case the first fails. Very often several
bills on the same subject are introduced at once and
tried out together, and the one that survives is the
one that can command the votes.

An argument against this method of procedure
which would be valid in the case of referendum to
the voters fails here. Without doubt two similar
measures presented to an electorate, the majority
of whom are too ignorant or indifferent to discriminate
between them, would cause such confusion
as to bring about the defeat of both. But
members of Congress are trained men. A large
proportion of them are lawyers. It is their business
to understand the measures for which they vote.
On a question of public interest, one in which their
constituents watch their action, they are not uninformed.

Many examples can be given of the procedure
that I have mentioned, such as bills for Federal
supervision of grain inspection, for Federal licenses
for inspectors, for Federal regulations of railroads,
postal savings banks, direct election of senators,
and so on to a great number. Perhaps the most
striking example is the action of the prohibition
party in regard to their two measures which were
pending the last Congress at the same time, one
the Constitutional amendment for Nation-wide
prohibition, the other a bill for prohibition in the
District of Columbia. When the amendment failed
in the House they at once began to push the District
bill. They attempted nothing more with the other
even in the Senate, where they undoubtedly could
have forced action had they tried. Yet the prohibitionists
have more States behind them than the
suffragists today.

The Shafroth amendment was never intended as
a substitute for the Anthony amendment. It is
only the opening wedge. When by means of it
enough States have come into the suffrage ranks,
nothing in the world can prevent the passage of the
full suffrage amendment. The fear of timid suffragists
that Congress having passed one measure will
refuse to pass the other has no ground in legislative
precedent:

Yours respectfully,

LAURA PUFFER MORGAN,

D: Miss Alice Stone Blackwell Sums it up.

The near approach of suffrage has brought
with it a great controversy as to how we
can best get it. There was no need to worry about
this while success was still a long way off. Now
that victory is clearly in sight, it has become a
burning question.

There are now two national suffrage organizations
in the field, with two clearly defined policies.
Both the National Association and the Congressional
Union are working for the Nation-wide
suffrage amendment - the Anthony amendment, as
it is often called - but the Congressional Union
advocates concentrating wholly upon that amendment, 
while the National Association believes in
trying also for the Shafroth amendment, as a flank
movement, and holds that this will help the final
success of the Anthony amendment. Both organizations
are non-partisan, but in different senses of
the word. The National Association believes in
opposing, irrespective of party, candidates who are
individually opposed to equal suffrage. The Congressional
Union believes in opposing the party in
power at Washington, whichever party that may
be, unless it consents to submit the Nation-wide
suffrage amendment to the States; and it aims to
bring pressure upon the dominant party by getting
the women in the enfranchised States to vote against
that party's Congressional candidates until the
party leaders withdraw their opposition to the
passage of the Nation-wide amendment through
Congress.

Feeling over this question has grown acute. This
is, perhaps, inevitable among women who think
that the method used by the other side is in danger
of fatally injuring the cause. The editor of The
Woman's Journal believes that the policy of the
National Association is the wiser policy; but she is
not much concerned over the controversy, because 
she holds that the movement has now got along so
far that no mistakes of method on the part of any
leader can kill or very seriously delay it. Moreover,
she is profoundly convinced that, AT THIS
STAGE OF THE GAME, what happens in
Congress is a matter of minor consequence. The
vitally important thing just now is to get more
suffrage States.

If either the National Association or the Congressional
Union had put into helping last year's
campaign States the money and enthusiasm that it
expended upon Congressional work, it is certain
that we should have carried not only Nevada and
Montana, but also Nebraska and South Dakota,
and perhaps one or two of the others. This is not
said in a spirit of reproach. All were doing the best
that they knew how, according to their light; and 
there was not light enough to enable us to see in
advance in just which States the vote was going to
be very close. That would have been the place for
us to concentrate our forces - on Napoleon's
principle of massing his attack against the weakest
point of the enemy's line.

If last November we had carried four or five
States instead of two, it would not only have given
a great impetus to the movement throughout the
country, but it would have done more to help the
Nation-wide suffrage amendment in Congress than

anything else that could have happened. It was
the simultaneous carrying of three States in 1912
that changed the status of our question in Congress
from one of contempt to one of serious respect.
When we have half a dozen more States, Congress
will give us the Anthony amendment, or anything
else that we want.

But if Congress submitted the Anthony amendment
to-morrow, we should still find ourselves up
against a stone wall in the necessity of having it
ratified by the legislatures of 36 States. One of
Mary Hallock Foote's stories describes the digging
of a great irrigation canal. One end of it has to be
cut in a mountain, through solid rock, the other end
through a valley, where the soil is soft and the
digging easy. There is a dispute as to which end
shall be dug first. The experienced engineer in
charge of the work wants to make the cut in the
rock first. When that is once made, he says, it
will stand firm, defying time and weather, and they
can complete the canal through the soft soil without
trouble: whereas if the ditch is dug in the soft
soil first it will deteriorate under every rain while
they are cutting through the rock. But he is overruled
by some of the directors, who want the soft
end of the ditch dug first, because it can be dug
faster, and its long extent will make more show in
the eyes of certain people whom they wish to interest
in the project. The task of securing Nation-wide
suffrage for women is something like that canal.
It consists of two parts - first the passage of the
amendment through Congress, then its ratification
by the States; and the ratification is the heavy end
of the job.

When a State is once carried for suffrage it is a
solid gain, achieved for good and all, and it is also
just so much ground secured toward the ratification
of the Nation-wide suffrage amendment; whereas
the composition of Congress is continually shifting,
and members won over with pains and labor at one
session may be gone the next.

We ought to keep hammering away at Congress
for the Nation-wide suffrage amendment, both as a
matter of principle and as a means of agitation and
education; but it is not a question of vital importance
whether it goes through Congress this year or next,
since it is sure in any case to go through before the
legislatures of 36 States are ripe for its ratification.
Long before public opinion in the country at large
has grown to this point, the demand for the submission
of the amendment will go through Congress
with ease.

Some enthusiastic women talk as if Nation-wide
suffrage would be almost won when the amendment
is through Congress. If it had passed Congress
already, not a woman could vote under it until the
assent of the legislatures of 36 States had been
secured. Not a drop of water can flow through
that ditch until both ends of it are dug. Anybody
who is digging away at either end of the ditch is
hastening the coming of suffrage; but those wishing
to put in their money and work where it will do the
most good just at present should put it into helping
the campaign States, especially New Jersey, as
New Jersey is to vote on the question first, and its
success or failure will help or hurt all the other
campaigns.

A.S.B.

[*Statement C.U*]

From Congressional Union Headquarters,
Washington,-January 9, 1913. For immediate release.

Preparing to wage the most determined and spectacular campaign
in the history of woman suffrage in America, The Congressional Union
for Woman Suffrage is arming itself with an unrivalled band of
workers. The executive board has been enlarged to include several
women of national reputation in the suffrage field;- Miss Elsio
Hill, daughter of former Representative Hill of Connecticut; Mrs.
Donald Hooker, President of the Just Government League of Maryland;
Mrs. Gilson Gardner, of Illinois; The old board will continue in
full: Miss Alice Paul, as chairman; Miss Lucy Burns, [as] vice
chairman; Mrs. Mary Board and Mrs. Crystal Eastman Benedict of
New York, and Mrs. Lawrence Lewis of Philadelphia.
The large meeting at the home of Mrs. Kent's on Sunday, will
take the form of a political rally, when plans for the coming year
will be laid before the entire body of the Congressional Union.
The situation in Congress will be discussed by Miss Burns, with
special emphasis in regard to the creation of a woman suffrage
committee in the House. Congress will reconvene on the 12th and
there is to be left no doubt in the minds of its members as to the
strength of the American movement for a Federal amendment enfranchising
women;
Preparations are being made for an attendance of 500, there
being a very large membership in the District. Those who will
receive with Mrs. Kent, are Mrs. Albert Sydney Burleson, of Texas,
wife of the Postmaster General; Mrs. Robert LaFollette, of Wisconsin
wife of Senator LaFollette; Miss Mary Morgan, cousin of Gifford
Pinchot; Miss Ellen Hale of Washington add Mrs. John Jay White of
New York.
Mrs. Kent is also chairman of a committee of one hundred who
are raising an expense fund to carry the work of the Congressional
Union during 1914.


-2-

The members of the committee will bring in a report on Sunday
of the progress already made. Pledges will be read and a collection
taken. Among the many prominent women serving with Mrs. Kent are

Mrs. Harvey W. Wiley,
Mrs. Christian Hemmick,
Mrs. Thomas Hepburn, of Connecticut,
Mrs. Donald Hooker, of Maryland,
Mrs. Claudius U. Stone, of Illinois,
Mrs. Crystal Eastman Benedict, of New York,
Mrs. Lawrence Lewis, of Pennsylvania,
Mrs. Nina E. Allender, of the District of Columbia.

The speakers at the meeting which will take place at 3
o'clock, are Miss Alice Paul, Miss Lucy Burns, Mrs. Lawrence Lewis,
Mrs. Donald Hooker, and Mrs. Jessie Hardy Stubbs. Miss Paul will
outline the plans for the year, along general lines; Miss Burns
will speak of the legislative work to be done; Mrs. Stubbs will
talk on the publicity campaign, while Mrs. Lewis and Mrs. Hooker
on the hopes of the Executive Board.

[*1913*]

Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
Committee
Miss Alice Paul, N.J., Chairman
Mrs. Crystal Eastman Benedict, WIS. 
Miss Lucy Burns, N. Y. 
Mrs. Dora Lewis, PA. 
Mrs. Mary Beard, N. Y. 

Headquarters 
1420 F Street N. W.. Washington, D.C. 

The Literature Department of the Congressional Union for 
Woman Suffrage will undertake to furnish, in any quantities desired, 
as per the attached price list, reports of speeches made
in Congress, and reports of hearings, before committee of the 
Senate and the House of  Representatives, appertaining to the 
subject of women suffrage, and the proposed Federal Amendment
extending the franchise to women. 

These reports contain the arguments made before the Senate 
Committee on Women Suffrage, by Mrs. Robert LaFollette; Senator 
John Shafroth, of Colorado; Dr. Anna Howard Shaw; Mrs. Harriet 
Burton Laidlaw; Senator John D. Works, of California; Senator 
Poindexter, of Washington; and many others; they also contain 
the pseudo-arguments of the opposition.

This literature can be furnished in such manner as to 
allow the purchaser to use the franking privilege in mailing,
thus saving the cost of postage. If ordered in sufficient
quantities, it can be franked to the purchaser in mail-bag lots,
saving the entire cost of transportation. This method of
transportation entails no obligation except that the addresses
return the mail bag, (which is United States Government property),
to his or her local postmaster, without delay.

Suffrage organizations throughout the country are urged to
assist in disseminating this literature, in order that the attitude
of Congress toward women suffrage and the proposed Federal Amendment 
may become generally known to the American public.

Other literature on suffrage, buttons, post-cards, regalia,
and general suffrage supplies can also be obtained from this
department at the lowest possible prices. Further information 
will be given on request. Let us hear from you with an order.

Address: Chairman Literature Department, Congressional Union
for Woman Suffrage, 1420 F Street, Northwest, Washington,
D. C.

PRICE-LIST OF CONGRESSIONAL DOCUMENTS APPERTAINING
TO WOMAN SUFFRAGE, FOR SALE BY THE CONGRESSIONAL
UNION FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE, WASHINGTON, D. C.
"The Modern Woman" by Helen Keller. From the Metropolitan Magazine, December, 1919. Ordd[???] to be printed in the Congressional Record, Sept. 17, 1913.
each - - - - - - - - - -  - - - -- - - - -- - - - -   .05
dozen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -  .30
per lot of .50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .75
per lot of .100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.20
per lot of .1000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6.00
per lot of 5000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -  9.80
Speech of Congressman William Kent of California, delivered at the Columbia Theatre, Washington, D.C., August 31, 1913, and published in the Congressional Record, Sept. 4th, 1913.
each - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -  .02
dozen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -  .18
per lot of 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -  .48
per lot of 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.75
per lot of 1000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5.00
per lot of 5000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8.90
Speech of Senator Wesley [??] Jones of Washington, in the United States Senate, September 18, 1913.
each - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .03
dozen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .25
per lot of 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -  .60
per lot of 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .85
per lot of 1000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6.15
per lot of 5000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15.15
Speech of Congressman Edward T. Taylor, of Colorado, in the House of Representatives, April 24, 1913.
each - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .05
dozen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .45
per lot of 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.60
per lot of 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - -- - 2.90
per lot of 1000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -  26.00
per lot of 5000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - 47.95

Report of Hearings before a Joint Committee of the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Committee on Woman Suffrage, U.S. Senate, March 13, 1912. Arguments by: Senator John D. Works, of California; Dr. Anna Howard Shaw; Mrs. Susan W. Fitzgerald; Mrs. Harriot Burton Laidlaw; Mrs. Elsie Cole Phillips; Mr. James L. Laidlaw; Mrs. Ella S. Stewart; Miss Carolina A. Lowe; Mrs. Donald Hooker; Miss Len ora O'Reilly; Miss E. Jean Felson Penfield and Mr. Franklin W. Collins.
each - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .05
dozen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .35
per lot of 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.20
per lot of 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.00
per lot of 1000 - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -16.85
per lot of 5000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- -  51.80
Report of Proceedings in the U.S. Senate, July 31, 1913, upon the presentation of petitions favoring the adoption of S.J. Resolution No. 1, "A Resolution proposing an Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, extending the right of Suffrage to Women"; together with a report of the Senate Committee on Woman Suffrage, recommending its passage. Arguments for and against Woman Suffrage by 56 Senators.
each - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .05
dozen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .35
per lot of 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -  1.25
per lot of 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.40
per lot of 1000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -  32. 00
per lot of 5000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 63.70
Report of Hearings before the Committee on Woman Suffrage, U. S. Senate, April 19. 21 and 23, 1913, on S. J. Resolution No. 1; a joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, extending the right of Suffrage to Women. Argument[?] by Mrs. Charles Morton; Senator Lane of Oregon; Congressman Burton L. French, of Idaho; Mrs. May Wright Sowall; Senator Poindexter of Washington; Mrs. Clara Bewick Colby, Senator John Shafroth of Colorado; Congressman J. W. Bryan of Washington; Mrs. William Kent; Mrs. Philander Claxton; Mr. Gifford Pinchot; Mrs. Helen Boswell; Mrs. Helen H. Gardener and Dr. Anna Howard Shaw.
each - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .10
dozen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00
per lot of 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -3.80
per lot of 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -  6.95
per lot of 1000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 61.25
per lot of 5000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 163.80
Reports of the Hearing before the Rules Committee of the House of Representatives, December 5, 6, and 7, 1913, are not yet ready for distribution. As soon as they come from the Public Printer, they will be added to our price-list.

Constitution of the Congressional Union
ARTICLE I- Name
The name of this association shall be the Congressional Union for Woman
Suffrage.
ARTICLE II- Object
Its object shall be to secure an amendment to the United States Constitution,
enfranchising women.
ARTICLE III- Membership
Membership shall be open to all women who, regarding woman suffrage as
the foremost political issue of the day, will support it irrespective of the interests
of any national political party; and to all association in sympathy with the purpose 
of the Union, which are accepted by the Executive Committee.
ARTICLE IV- Dues
There shall be an entrance fee of twenty-five cents to be paid by each member
to the National Headquarters; and entrance fee of ten dollars to be paid by each 
league on admission to the Congressional Union. There shall be no other dues.
ARTICLE V- Colors
The colors of the organization shall be purple, white and gold.
ARTICLE VI- Plan of Organization
The members of the Union in each State shall at an annual convention elect
a State Chairman; the State Chairman shall appoint a chairman for each Congressional 
District, who shall in turn appoint chairmen for the next largest subdivisions
of the State; and she in turn for the subdivisions under her down to the smallest
political division, all of the chairmen and officers being women. At the annual convention 
of the State, the members in each State shall adopt their own general plan of organization and elect their State officers, under the plan here outlined.
ARTICLE VII- Executive Committee
There shall be an executive committee, chosen by the delegates at the convention 
held near the time of opening of Congress. The chairman of the executive 
committee shall be chosen by the members of the committee. Nominations
for the members of the committee shall be proposed to the convention by a nominating 
committee appointed by the executive committee. The executive committee 
shall fill vacancies occurring on the committee. The direction of the work
of the Union shall be in the hands of the executive committee.
ARTICLE VIII- Advisory Council
There shall be a National Advisory Council chosen by the executive committee
and composed of women not holding any other official position in the Union.
ARTICLE IX- National Committee
There shall be a national committee, composed of the Congressional Union 
chairmen of each State and the chairmen of all Senate branches, each of whom shall 
have a vote at all conventions of the Congressional Union.
ARTICLE X- Conventions
A convention may be called at any time by the executive committee. Such
conventions may be attended by all members of the organization but the voting 
members shall be one delegate for each fifty women members in any branch for
whom the twenty-five cent dues have been paid. All officers and delegates of the 
Congressional Union shall be women.
ARTICLE XI- Amendments
This constitution may be amended by a majority vote at any convention of the 
association, provided that such amendment shall have been specified in the call for
the meeting.
CONGRESSIONAL UNION FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE
National Headquarters, 1420 F Street, Washington, D. C.
Printed by N. W. S. Pub. Co. Inc.


Congressional Union for 
Woman Suffrage

Susan B. Anthony Amendment: - THE RIGHT OF CITIZENS OF THE 
UNITED STATES TO VOTE SHALL NOT BE DENIED OR ABRIDGED BY
THE UNITED STATES OR BY ANY STATE ON ACCOUNT OF SEX.

Wednesday, June 2, 1915, Ballroom of the Inside Inn
Panama Pacific Exposition

Speakers from the Countries where there is Equal Suffrage
NEW ZEALAND- Equal suffrage 1893 ..............MR. EDMUND CLIFTON
Commissioner for New Zealand
AUSTRALIA- Equal suffrage 1902 ................... MR. J. A. ROBERTSON
Commissioner for Queensland
THE ISLE OF MAN- Equal suffrage [1902] ............ MRS. HEMINGWAY HUNT
                                                                         1881
FINLAND- Equal suffrage 1906 ............................... ROUVA MAYI MAKI
NORWAY            "               1907 ...... COUNTESS GIANNI (Dr. Martha Thorwick)
ICELAND            "               [1909] ................................. MR. JOHN HOLME
                                                             1915
CHINA                 "               1911 ............... .................... MRS. CHEN CHI
SWEDEN             "               1912 ................................. MRS. IDA HANSEN
DENMARK          "                1915 ........................................... MRS. HOLM

Speakers from where the States where there is Equal Suffrage
WYOMING- Equal Suffrage 1869 .................... MISS DOROTHY MORELL
COLORADO          "               1893 ............................ MISS GAIL LAUGHLIN
UTAH                     "               1896 ................................... MRS. V. H. PEASE
IDAHO                   "                1896 .................... MRS. ROBERT LEE NOURSE
WASHINGTON     "                1910 ...................................... MRS. T. M. REED
CALIFORNIA         "                1911 ............... MRS. ELIZABETH GERBERDING
OREGON               "                1912 ........................... MRS. THOMAS HAILEY
ARIZONA              "                 1912 ............................... MRS. L. C. HUGHES
KANSAS               "                 1912 .............. MRS. EFFIE HYATT VAN TUYL
MONTANA           "                 1914 ................ MRS. GRACE FISKE BILLINGS
NEVADA               "                 1914 ................................ MISS ANNE MARTIN

The Territory of Alaska- where there is Equal Suffrage, 1912
MRS. MARY E. HART, with Aruksok (Out-of-doors). an Esquimaux girl, and 
KAR-KAR-UTCH, South Alaskan Indian
Eastman & Co. 220 Kearny St.

4
VOL. II JANUARY 24 1914 NO. 4
The
Suffragist
Official weekly newspaper of the
CONGRESSIONAL UNION FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE
COMMITTEE:
Miss Alice Paul, N. J., Chairman
Miss Lucy Burns, N. Y., Vice-Chairman
Mrs. Donald Hooker, MD., Chairman of Finance
Crystal Eastman Benedict, N. Y. 
Mrs. Mary Beard, N. Y. 
Miss Elsie Hill, Conn.
Mrs. Gilson Gardener, D. C. 
Mrs. WM. Kent, Calif.
Mrs Lawrence Lewis, JR., Pa.

Editor: RHETA CHILDE DORR
Business Manager: Martha Pier Tagg
EDITORIAL AND BUSINESS OFFICE:
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1
SENATE AND HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION
NUMBER ONE proposing an amendment to the
Constitution of the United States extending
the right of suffrage to women.
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress Assembled (two-thirds of each House
concurring therein), That the following article be proposed to the 
legislatures of the several States, which, when ratified by three-fourths
of the said legislatures shall be valid as part of said Constitution,
namely:
"ARTICLE-
"Section 1. The right of citizens of the United 
States to vote shall to be denied or abridged by the 
United States or by any State on account of sex.
"SEC. 2. The Congress shall have power, by appropriate
legislation, to enforce the provisions of this 
article."

HOUSE SUFFRAGE COMMITTEE
BY THE action of four men the cause of
Woman Suffrage is refused a hearing in
the House of Representatives. This is an 
illustration of the remarkable outworking
of machine control in that body. A majority
of the Democratic majority of the Rules Committee
has voted unfavorably on a resolution to 
create a committee to consider the subject of 
Woman Suffrage. The majority of the majority
consists of four Democrats, namely, 
Thomas W. Hardwick, of Georgia, Finis J. 
Garett, of Tennessee, James C. Cantrill of
Kentucky, Henry M. Goldfogle of New York. 
The other Democrats on this committee are
Robert L. Henry, of Texas, Chairman Edward
W. Pou of North Carolina and Martin D. 
Foster, of Illinois. These men voted in favor
of the Suffrage committee. In addition to these
Democrats, the committee includes Phillip P. 
Campbell, of Kansas; Irvine L. Lenroot, of
Wisconsin, and Edwin A. Merritt, Jr., of New
York, Republicans, and M. Clyde Kelley, of
Pennsylvania, Progressive.
The point of interest in this situation is seen
in the fact that the actual number of votes in 
this committee in favor of the Suffrage resolution
exceeds the number of votes against it.
Among those who have announced themselves
as approving the creation of such a committee

3
Wildwood, N. J. 
Miss Katherine Baker, daughter of Representative
Baker of New Jersey, will arouse
the suffragists of Wildwood, N. J., to activate
interests in Federal work.
Pasadena California
Mrs. Charles W. Bell, wife of Representative
Bell of California, will plan activities 
on behalf of the summer campaign while at
her home in Pasadena. 
Woodstock, New York
Mrs. Dorothy Earl will conduct open-air
meetings at Byrdcliff, Woodstock, Ulster
Co., N. Y., to interest the artists' colony. 
North Carolina
Miss Minta Lockwood Jones will try to 
cover Saluda, Foxaway, Brevard and Asheville
during the summer, Miss Mona Gill
will interest the people at Ft. Casswell. 
Michigan
Miss Esther A. Loud will conduct the
campaign in Bay City, Michigan. Mrs. J. 
R. Harbeck and Miss Lucy Ewing will start
the campaign in Spring Lake, Michigan,
with a garden-party at Mrs. Harbeck's beautiful
country home. Miss Judith Jenks will 
[?man] at Harbor Beach. 
New Hampshire
have charge
[?ee]

Mrs. Robert W. Baker
Our New Treasure
The Congressional Union is exceedingly 
fortunate in having secured Mrs. Abby
Scott Baker as its new Treasurer. Mrs. 
Baker is a native of Washington and the
wife of one of its prominent physicians. 
She comes of a family with a remarkable
Army record, being the grand-daughter and
[?] of Army officers, and also [th?]

Jan [?] 1914
3
CONGRESSIONAL UNION FOR
WOMAN SUFFRAGE
General Headquarters: 1420 F Street, Washington
D. C. 
Colors: Purple, White, and Gold
THE Congressional Union is a society
formed with one purpose, that of 
securing an amendment to the United States Constitution
enfranchising the women of the
whole country. We believe that the Suffrage
movement has now reached the stage where it is
no longer necessary to gain the vote by the slow
method of winning one state after another. As
a result of enfranchisement of nearly four
million women of the West, Suffrage has suddenly
been transferred from State politics
to national politics. There is now more than
one-fifth of the United States Senate, more than 
one seventh of the House, and more than 
one-sixth of the electoral vote coming from
Suffrage States. With this strength in the national 
political field, Suffrage work has passed 
from the stage where it was principally educational
to the state where it is principally political. 
The problem of Suffragists today is simply
the tactical one of utilizing the votes of
women of the West in such a way as to win votes
for all women. It is no longer necessary 
to spend our energy mainly in converting people
to a belief in Suffrage. There is Suffrage sentiment
enough in the country today. The only
trouble is that the great mass of Suffrage sentiment
and Suffrage strength is largely ineffective
because it is dissipated; because it is not concentrated 
on any one political body. 
The task of Suffragists now is to focus the immense
Suffrage sentiment already existing
and the Suffrage strength represented by the 
women voters, upon Congress. We must make 
effective the Suffrage sentiment in every little 
hamlet of the country by making it an integral
part of one big body of Suffrage interest all 
centered upon Congress. 
If we divide into thirty-eight campaigns 
in the attempt to amend thirty-eight State constitutions,
our victory is far away. If we unite
in one campaign for the national amendment,
through continuing the State work at the same 
time, the long years of struggle will soon be at 
an end. 
We ask all women to join us in their effort
to get the Suffrage Amendment through
Congress during the present session. 
Membership is open to all women who consider
Suffrage the main issue in national 
politics. There is an entrance fee of 25 cents,
but no further dues. 
If you are willing to help us, fill out the following
membership blank and sent it, with the 25
cents entrance fee, to the Congressional Union,
1420 F Street Northwest, Washington, D. C. 
DATE
NAME
FULL ADRESS
Telephone Number
Occupation

W. B. MOSES & SONS
Everything For the Home
STORAGE PACKING SHIPPING
F and Eleventh Streets


June 13 1914
4
Congressional Union for
Woman Suffrage
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
MISS ALICE PAUL, N. J., Chairman
MISS LUCY BURNS, N. Y., Vice-Chairman
MRS. DONALD HOOKER, Md., Chairman of Finance
MRS. MARY BEARD, N. Y. 
MRS. O. H. P. BELMONT, N. Y. 
MRS. CRYSTAL EASTMAN BENEDICT, N. Y. 
MRS. GILSON GARDNER, D. C. 
MISS ELSIE HILL, Conn. 
MRS. WM. KENT, Cal. 
MRS. LAWRENCE LEWIS, JR., Pa. 

NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS- 1420 F STREET
WASHINGTON, D. C. 
COLORS- PURPLE, WHITE AND GOLD

SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION NUMBER 
130, AND HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION
NUMBER 1, Proposing an amendment to the 
Constitution of the United States extending the
right of suffrage to women 
Reserved by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the United States of America in Congress Assembled (two-
thirds of each House concurring therein), That the following
article be proposed to the legislatures of the several 
States as an amendment to the Constitution of the United 
States, which when ratified by three-fourths of the said
legislatures, shall be valid as part of said Constitution, 
namely:
"ARTICLE-
"Section 1. The right of citizens of the United
States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by
the United States or by any State on account of 
sex. 
"Sec. 2. The Congress shall have power, by appropriate
legislation, to enforce the provisions of
this article."

The Congressional Union
The Congressional Union is an organization
whose purpose is to secure the passage
of an amendment to the national Constitution
(known as this Congress as the Bristow-
Mondell Resolution) enfranchising the 
women of the whole country. This is the 
only society formed for the exclusive purpose
of working for the national amendment. 
The Union is open to all women who,
believing that suffrage is fundamental to all 
democratic reform, consider suffrage the 
main issue in the field of national politics. 
There is an entrance fee of 25 cents, after
which there are no further dues, it being 
known that every member will contribute
to the limit of her ability. 
If you believe in the purpose and methods
of the Congressional Union, will you not 
send you 25 cents entrance fee, with your 
name and address to the Congressional
Union headquarters, in order that you may 
by enrolled as a member?

The Rules Committee
Its Past Record and Its Present
Opportunitu
Chairman
[?]

RECORD OF THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY ON SUFFRAGE
The Congressional Union for Women Suffrage, organized in 1913, works solely for the passage of a constitutional amendment enfranchising women.
It appeals to the dominant party in Congress, as the most powerful political agent in the country, to endorse and support actively the national suffrage amendment.
Since 1913 the Democratic Party has been in power, controlling the White House and holding a majority in the Senate and in the House of Representatives.
WHAT HAS THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY DONE FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE?
IN THE SIXTY-THIRD CONGRESS
THE PRESIDENT
refused to support the federal suffrage amendment and declared his personal opposition to it.
IN THE SENATE
The suffrage amendment was pushed to a premature vote, on March 19, 1914, by two Democratic Senators (Senator Thomas of Colorado and Senator Ashurst of Arizona) who had it in charge a year before Congress closed, although a nation-wide demonstration of support of the measure was in preparation at the time.  Senators Thomas and Ashurst publicly stated, before the vote was taken, that the amendment had not enough votes for passage.
The vote of the Senate on the amendment was 35 for and 34 against.  It failed by only 11 votes of securing the necessary two-thirds majority.
IN THE HOUSE
Democrats on the Rules Committee, by a party vote, defeated (January 17 and January 24, 1914) a resolution creating a committee on woman suffrage in the House of Representatives.
A caucus of Democratic members of the House refused (February 3, 1914) to rescind this action, and by a vote of 123 to 57 passed a resolution declaring that the question of woman suffrage was a State and not a Federal question.
The Democratic floor leader, Mr. Underwood, of Alabama, said in the House (February 4, 1914), "The Democratic Party last night took the distinctive position that it was not in favor of this legislation (the Federal suffrage amendment) because it was in favor of the States controlling the question of suffrage. ... I not only said I was opposed to it, but I said the party on this side of the chamber was opposed to it; and the party that is in control of the legislation in Congress certainly has the right openly and above board to say that it

will not support a measure if it is not in accordance with its principles."
Democratic members of the Rules Committee blocked the suffrage amendment in committee until after the Congressional elections in November, 1914.
The vote in the House on suffrage was 174 for, and 204 against.  31% of the Democrats voted for the amendment; 64% of the Republicans; 100% of the Progressive Republicans; 93% of the Progressives; 100% of the Independent membership.
If as great a proportion of the Democrats as of the Republicans had voted for suffrage a two-thirds majority in the House would have been secured.  But more than two-thirds of the Democrats voted against suffrage, reducing the vote to such a  point that the amendment could not have secured a two-thirds majority if every member of every other party had been present and voted "Yea."
IN THE SIXTY-FOURTH CONGRESS
THE PRESIDENT
has given no support to the Federal suffrage amendment.
IN THE SENATE
no effort has been made by the party in power to assist the passage of the suffrage resolution.
IN THE HOUSE
the administration leaders on the Judiciary Committee forced a single vote upon all constitutional amendments, including the suffrage and prohibition amendments, and by uniting the opposition to all of them secured a majority against a report of the Federal suffrage amendment, although a majority of the individual members of the committee favored such a report and had openly gone on record as doing so.
WOMAN VOTERS
There is no cause before the country at the present time more just, and more necessary to the maintenance of the rights of the people, than national woman suffrage.  The enfranchisement of women is as great an issue in 1916 as was the adoption of our Federal Constitution in 1789.
JOIN THE WOMAN'S PARTY
which has for its object the organization of the political power of women for one single purpose--the establishment of equal suffrage throughout the United States.
CONGRESSIONAL UNION FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE
LAFAYETTE SQUARE, WASHINGTON, D. C.
(Literature Committee, 213 Hale Building, Philadelphia)
Buy "THE SUFFRAGIST" leading weekly suffrage paper; 5c a copy, yearly subscription of $1.00
10

Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage

Executive Committee
Miss Alice Paul, N. J., Chairman
Miss Lucy Burns, N. Y., Vice-Chairman
Mrs. Donald Hooker, Md., Chairman Finance
Mrs. Mary Beard, N. Y.
Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont, N. Y.
Mrs. Crystal Eastman Benedict, N. Y.
Mrs. Gilson Gardner, D. C.
Miss Elsie Hill, Conn.
Mrs. Lawrence Lewis, Jr., Pa.

Advisory Committee
Mrs. John Winters Brannan, N. Y.
Mrs. Inez Milholland Boissevain, N. Y.
Mrs. Harriott Stanton Blatch, N. Y.
Mrs. Frank Cothren, N. Y.
Mrs. William L. Colt, N. Y.
Mrs. Lillian Harris Coffin, Cal.
Mrs. George H. Day, Conn.
Miss Lavinia Dock, N. Y.
Miss Mary Bartlett Dixon, Md.
Mrs. John Dewey, N. Y.
Mrs. Glendower Evans, Mass.
Mrs. Edwin C. Grice, Pa.
Mrs. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, N. Y.
Mrs. Frederick C. Howe, N. Y.
Mrs. F. R. Hazard, N. Y.
Mrs. Florence Bayard Hilles, Del.
Miss Elizabeth R. Hooker, Conn.
Miss Ada L. James, Wis.
Miss Helen Keller, Mass.
Mrs. Florence Kelley, N. Y.
Dr. Cora Smith King, Wash.
Mrs. William Bross Lloyd, Ill.
Mrs. Sophie G. Meredith, Va.
Mrs. Lionel S. Marks, Mass.
Miss Edythe Wynne Matthison, Conn.
Mrs. Marsden Perry, R. I.
Mrs. William Prendergast, N. Y.
Mrs. Mary Hutcheson Page, Mass.
Senator Helen Ring Robinson, Colo.
Mrs. John Rogers, N. Y.
Prof. Lucy M. Salmon, N. Y.
Mrs. Ernest Thompson-Seton, Conn.
Mrs. Mina Van Winkle, N. H.
Mrs. John Jay White, D. C.
Miss Charlotte Anita Whitney, Cal.
Miss Mary E. Woolley, Mass.
Mrs. Harvey W. Wiley, D. C.
Mrs. Alice Stebbins Wells, Cal.

NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS, 1420 F STREET
WASHINGTON, D. C.

35

An Open Letter to the Democratic Candidates
for Congress Whose Election the 
Congressional Unit is Opposing

October 1, 1914

DEAR SIR:
On behalf of the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage I am writing to
you with regard to our position in the present election contest. 
The Congressional Union is an organization of women in all parts of the
country who are working for the passage of an amendment to the United States
Constitution enfranchising women. In our work for this amendment we have, as
you know, been blocked at every turn by the National Democratic Party. 
While we feel no opposition to you as an individual and appreciate whatever
service you may personally have rendered to the suffrage movement, it is apparent
that you individual interest in suffrage can avail us little as long as your part,
which is now in control of Congress, continues its unfriendly attitude toward our
resolution. We realize that ours is a part government and that the will of the 
individual counts for little when opposition to that of his party. Since the part
which you support at Washington persistently blocks our amendment. and 
since whatever your personal views on the subject may be, you are not able to 
make them effective owing to the opposition of the majority of your part colleagues,
we are forced to regard you as an opponent together with the other members of the party
We are appealing therefore, to the women voters in your constituency to withhold 
their supports from you as the representative of a part which opposes the
political freedom of women. 
We are absolutely non-partisan, and would oppose the representatives of any 
other party which was in control of the government at Washington, and which
refused to pass the suffrage amendment. We appeal to the women voters to put
loyalty to their enfranchised sisters above party, and to show that no national 
party which is hostile to the suffrage cause can continue to command the woman's
vote. 
Very sincerely yours,
ALICE PAUL,
Chairman.


An Open Letter to the Democratic Candidates
for Congress Whose Election the 
Congressional Unit is Opposing

October 1, 1914

DEAR SIR:
On behalf of the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage I am writing to
you with regard to our position in the present election contest. 
The Congressional Union is an organization of women in all parts of the
country who are working for the passage of an amendment to the United States
Constitution enfranchising women. In our work for this amendment we have, as
you know, been blocked at every turn by the National Democratic Party. 
While we feel no opposition to you as an individual and appreciate whatever
service you may personally have rendered to the suffrage movement, it is apparent
that you individual interest in suffrage can avail us little as long as your part,
which is now in control of Congress, continues its unfriendly attitude toward our
resolution. We realize that ours is a part government and that the will of the 
individual counts for little when opposition to that of his party. Since the part
which you support at Washington persistently blocks our amendment. and 
since whatever your personal views on the subject may be, you are not able to 
make them effective owing to the opposition of the majority of your part colleagues,
we are forced to regard you as an opponent together with the other members of the party
We are appealing therefore, to the women voters in your constituency to withhold 
their supports from you as the representative of a part which opposes the
political freedom of women. 
We are absolutely non-partisan, and would oppose the representatives of any 
other party which was in control of the government at Washington, and which
refused to pass the suffrage amendment. We appeal to the women voters to put
loyalty to their enfranchised sisters above party, and to show that no national 
party which is hostile to the suffrage cause can continue to command the woman's
vote. 
Very sincerely yours,
ALICE PAUL,
Chairman.

Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage

Executive Committee

Miss Alice Paul, N. J., Chairman
Miss Lucy Burns, N. Y., Vice-Chairman
Mrs. Donald Hooker, Md., Chairman Finance
Mrs. Mary Beard, N. Y.
Mrs. O.H.P. Belmond, N. Y.
Mrs. Crystal Eastman Benedict, N. Y.
Mrs. Gilson Gardner, D. C.
Miss Elsie Hill, Conn.
Mrs. Lawrence Lewis, Jr., Pa.

Advisory Committee

Mrs. John Winters Brannan, N. Y.
Mrs. Inez Milholland Boissevain, N. Y.
Mrs. Harriott Stanton Blatch, N. Y.
Mrs. Frank Cothern, N. Y.
Mrs. William L. Colt, N.Y.
Mrs. Lillian Harris Coffin, Cal.
Mrs. George H. Day, Conn.
Miss Lavinia Dock, N.Y.
Miss Mary Bartlett Dixon, Md.
Mrs. John Dewey, N. Y.
Mrs. Glendover Evans, Mass.
Mrs. Edwin C. Grice, Pa.
Mrs. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, N.Y.
Mrs. Frederick C. Howe, N.Y.
Mrs. F. R. Hazard, N.Y.
Mrs. Florence Bayard Hilles, Del.
Miss Elizabeth R. Hooker, Conn.
Miss Ada L. James, Wis.
Miss Helen Keller, Mass.

Mrs. Florence Kelley, N.Y.
Dr. Cora Smith King, Wash.
Mrs. William Bross Lloyd, Ill.
Mrs. Sophie G. Meredith, Va.
Mrs. Lionel S. Marks, Mass.
Miss Edythe Wynne Matthison, Conn
Mrs. Marsden Perry, R.I.
Mrs. William Prendergast, N.Y.
Mrs. Mary Hutcheson Page, Mass.
Senator Helen Ring Robinson, Colo.
Mrs. John Rogers, N.Y.
Prof. Lucy M. Salmon, N.Y.
Mrs. Ernest Thompson-Seton, Conn.
Mrs. Mina Van Winkle, N.J.
Mrs. John Jay White, D.C.
Miss Charlotte Anite Whitney, Cal.
Miss Mary E. Woolley, Mass.
Mrs. Harvey W. Wiley, D.C.
Mrs. Alice Stebbins Wells, Cal.

National Headquarters, 1420 F Street
Washington, D.C.

Allied Printing
Trades Union Label Council
Washington
35


The Election Policy
of the
Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage

Executive Committee
of the
Congressional Union

Miss Alice Paul, N. J., Chairman
Miss Lucy Burns, N. Y., Vice-Chairman
Mrs. Donald Hooker, Md., Chairman Finance
Mrs. Mary Beard, N. Y.
Mrs. O.H.P. Belmond, N. Y.
Mrs. Crystal Eastman Benedict, N. Y.
Mrs. Gilson Gardner, D. C.
Miss Elsie Hill, Conn.
Mrs. Lawrence Lewis, Jr., Pa.

Advisory Committee

Mrs. John Winters Brannan, N. Y.
Mrs. Inez Milholland Boissevain, N. Y.
Mrs. Harriott Stanton Blatch, N. Y.
Mrs. Frank Cothern, N. Y.
Mrs. William L. Colt, N.Y.
Mrs. Lillian Harris Coffin, Cal.
Mrs. George H. Day, Conn.
Miss Lavinia Dock, N.Y.
Miss Mary Bartlett Dixon, Md.
Mrs. John Dewey, N. Y.
Mrs. Glendover Evans, Mass.
Mrs. Edwin C. Grice, Pa.
Mrs. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, N.Y.
Mrs. Frederick C. Howe, N.Y.
Mrs. F. R. Hazard, N.Y.
Mrs. Florence Bayard Hilles, Del.
Miss Elizabeth R. Hooker, Conn.
Miss Ada L. James, Wis.
Miss Helen Keller, Mass.

Mrs. Florence Kelley, N.Y.
Dr. Cora Smith King, Wash.
Mrs. William Bross Lloyd, Ill.
Mrs. Sophie G. Meredith, Va.
Mrs. Lionel S. Marks, Mass.
Miss Edythe Wynne Matthison, Conn
Mrs. Marsden Perry, R.I.
Mrs. William Prendergast, N.Y.
Mrs. Mary Hutcheson Page, Mass.
Senator Helen Ring Robinson, Colo.
Mrs. John Rogers, N.Y.
Prof. Lucy M. Salmon, N.Y.
Mrs. Ernest Thompson-Seton, Conn.
Mrs. Mina Van Winkle, N.J.
Mrs. John Jay White, D.C.
Miss Charlotte Anite Whitney, Cal.
Miss Mary E. Woolley, Mass.
Mrs. Harvey W. Wiley, D.C.
Mrs. Alice Stebbins Wells, Cal.

National Headquarters, 1420 F Street
Washington, D.C.

Price 5 Cents

THE ELECTION POLICY

(Reprinted from The Suffragist)

FOR the first time in this country, Suffragists have entered a national election campaign.
For the first time we are strong enough to warrant such action. It was the
winning of full suffrage in Kansas, Arizona and Oregon in 1912 and the winning
of Presidential suffrage in Illinois in 1913 that made the agitation a matter of national
moment. Suffrage has sufficient strength today to carry the Federal amendment in the
present Congress, if that strength is focussed upon Congress. The vast suffrage sentiment
in the unenfranchised states added to the suffrage votes in the enfranchised states
make an irresistible force to which any political party must bow if that force is but
gathered up and concentrated upon the national government. We must see to it that
this force is not dissipated - is not weakened by being directed toward many objects.
We must realize the importance of concentration of effort, of pouring money and energy
into the channel where it will count the most. If the whole country will concentrate
on the 531 men in Congress we will get results. There is no question but that the time
for national action has come.

Granted that suffrage has entered the national field; - then the time has come to
enter the national election campaigns. Next there arises the question, what shall be
our election policy?

The policy of the Congressional Union is based on the fact that the Party in power
at Washington - at this moment the Democratic Party - is responsible for the fate of the
suffrage amendment just as it is considered responsible for action on the tariff, the currency,
or the trust question. It is based on the fact that our government is a government
by party - that the personal opinion of the individual counts for little when in opposition
to the party position. It recognizes that it will not avail simply to return to Congress
"men who believe in Woman Suffrage." Thirty-four men who believed in Woman Suffrage
have sat in the House as representatives of the equal suffrage states since April,
1913, and have not been permitted to cast a vote on suffrage. Why? Because the Democratic
leaders in the House smothered the suffrage amendment in committee.

The record of the Democratic Party on suffrage throughout the 63rd Congress, has
been, as is well known, one of evasion and opposition. Seven times the President, the
leader of the Party, has refused his powerful aid. In the Senate the measure was blocked
by the Democratic leaders who brought it to a vote at a time when we knew, and they
knew, it would be defeated. Moreover, its defeat was due to the failure of the Democratic
Party to give the Party support to the bill. In the House the Rules Committee
has consistently and by preventing consideration of the amendment in the House. And the
Rules Committee is the mouthpiece of the Democratic leaders. In the words of its
chairman, "It has in its keeping the policy of the Democratic Party." The Democratic
caucus, in addition, has taken definite action against our movement. Not only did
it refuse to sanction the creation of a suffrage committee, but declared that the question
of suffrage was not even a matter for national consideration!

That the dominant Party is responsible for the action on suffrage cannot be disputed.
And that this Party's action has been that of continued unfriendliness, also admits
of no question.

We must, therefore, in the coming election, convince the dominant Party and all
other parties that opposition to suffrage is inexpedient. And this they will believe if
they see such opposition costing them votes.

We come, then, to the final question. To what voting constituency can we appeal
for support? What constituency will show by its vote that it disapproves of the Democratic
suffrage record? This brings us inevitably to the woman's vote in the West.
There lies our strength.

We have hardly begun to realize the power of this vote. We talk of the Irish vote,
the Catholic vote, the Jewish vote, the labor vote, the German vote, and attribute to each

an immense power. But far greater is the power to affect national legislation possessed
by the woman's vote. This is a great latent power to which we have never appealed.
Now, for the first time, we ask women to stand by women to end this sixty years of
struggle.

The ballot is a tool which its possessor should use for the highest purpose, and
the greatest purpose to which the women of the West can put their ballot is to use
it to promote suffrage the country over. All other issues - the tariff, currency, trust
legislation, Panama tolls, - sink into insignificance beside it. No woman can make a
higher use of her vote than to cast it for the extension of suffrage over the whole
country. And there is no question that the women's vote can accomplish this end.
If political leaders find that their party wins or loses at election time according to
its position on the suffrage question, the fight will be won.

We appeal therefore to the women voters of the nine free states to cast their vote
on this issue. Once well done, it will never have to be done again.

We ask them, in the name of our common womanhood, to lend their hand
to the great task of enfranchising all the women of America. For the sake of the
women of the future, for the health and well-being of the nation, we ask them to rebuke
the party which has opposed the enfranchisement of women. We ask them to withhold
their support from the Democratic candidates for Congress.

OBJECTIONS ANSWERED 

(Reprinted from The Suffragist)

SINCE the final announcement of the Congressional Union election plans various
objections have been brought forth by doubting friends and opponents.

These we will deal with.

First - It is stated that our election policy is partisan. Our policy is absolutely
non-partisan. It is the acme of non-partisanship. It calls upon women to lay aside
all party affiliations and put suffrage before their party. It calls upon them to give
up all party bonds until suffrage is won. It calls upon them at this moment, if they
have considered themselves Democrats, to forsake their allegiance to that party and
vote against the Democratic candidates for Congress. If the Republican Party were
in power and pursued a similar course, we would work against that party. If the
Progressives or Socialists or Prohibitionists were in power and refused to pass the
Federal Amendment, we would work against them. We are opposing the Democrats,
not because they are Democrats, but because at this moment they are the party in
control of the national government, and they are using their power to prevent the
passage of the suffrage amendment.

Second - It is claimed that we ought not to oppose the Democrats because we did
not oppose the Republicans during the long years when they were in control of the
national government. This campaign has only just begun because we have only just
gained the power which enables us to go into a national election. When the last
Congressional election took place there were only six states in which women could
vote. At the present moment women have full suffrage in nine states and Presidential
suffrage in a tenth state. Today, more than one-fifth of the Senate, more
than one-seventh of the House and more than one-sixth of the electoral vote comes
from Suffrage states. It is this added voting strength now possessed by women
which has made the federal work a hopeful avenue of effort and has given women
sufficient power to warrant their entrance into the national election campaigns.

Third - The statement is made that it is most ungrateful and ungracious to oppose
Members of Congress or candidates for Congress who are personally friendly to
suffrage and who may have helped it in their individual capacity. To this we

reply that all candidates from suffrage states are professing Suffragists. There is no
question of choosing between Suffragists and anti-Suffragists. The men in suffrage
states have grown accustomed to women voting. They take it as a matter of course.
Most of them apparently have come to believe in the principle behind it and even
those who do not, have become its ostensible supporters. Women certainly have a
right to further through the ballot their wishes on the suffrage question as well as
on the tariff or currency or trust legislation. This they can only do by considering
the party record, for as far as the individual's record and the individual's pledges go,
all candidates are practically equal.

Fourth - We are told that it is wrong to oppose a party merely because of its
record on suffrage, regardless of its attitude toward all other questions. To this we
reply that no other question before the people is comparable in importance to the
suffrage question. The ballot ought to be used to accomplish the greatest possible
good. The women of the west can make no higher use of it than to win through it,
the franchise for the women of the rest of the country.

Fifth - It is claimed that we will not be able to turn enough votes in the few
weeks of our campaign to prove ourselves a power to be considered. We will undoubtedly
turn many votes, and even though we cannot accomplish the defeat of
every Democratic candidate we will at least have laid the foundation for a powerful
organization among the women voters which before the next Presidential election
will have grown to such might as to daunt the heart of any political opponent.

Sixth - It is asserted that this policy is militant. It is not militant in the sense
that it means physical violence. It is militant only in the sense that it is strong,
positive and energetic. If it is militant to appeal to women to use their vote to bring
suffrage from one end of this country to the other, then it is militant to appeal to men
or to women to use their vote for any good end.

Seventh - The fear is expressed that in all of the states where suffrage measures
go to the referendum of the people this autumn the Democratic men will be so
incensed by this policy that they will vote against the suffrage amendment as a
means of venting their resentment. Undoubtedly the political leaders will
be aroused to a high pitch of indignation, and the more aroused they are the better,
but we predict that the great rank and file will not. It seems hardly reasonable that
the great mass of people, the farmers, the shop keepers, the teachers, the merchants,
in any of these states where the amendments are pending, would vote against the
enfranchisement of women simply because the women who now possess the ballot
were using their ballot to win suffrage for the rest of the country. It seems likely
on the contrary that this sign of political intelligence and of loyalty to their disfranchised
sisters on the part of the women voters, would be regarded as an added
reason for voting aye on the suffrage amendment.

Eighth - It is asked, How would we profit if another party came in? Would not
another party treat us with equal lack of consideration? Our answer is that when
once the political parties are made to realize that opposition to suffrage means their
defeat, when once it is shown that suffragists can vitally affect the result of a national
election, our fight will be won.

THE CONGRESSIONAL UNION FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE WORKS
ONLY FOR THE SUSAN B. ANTHONY AMENDMENT
WHICH AMENDMENT SHALL WE SUPPORT?
By Helena Hill Weed

There are, at the present time, two amendments to the United States Constitution before Congress, both of which aim to give political equality to the men and women of the United States, -The Susan B. Anthony Amendment, which has been before Congress since 1875, and the Shaffroth-Palmer Amendment, introduced in the 63rd Congress, in 1914.

The Susan B. Anthony Amendment.
(Known in the 63rd Congress as the
Bristow-Mondell Amendment)
RESOLVED BY THE SENATE AND HOUSE
OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED
STATES IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED (two-
thirds of each House concurring therein), That
the following article be proposed to the legislatures
of the several States as an amendment to the
Constitution of the United States, which, when
ratified by three-fourths of the said legislatures,
shall be valid as part of said Constitution, namely:
"Article -, Section I. The right of citizens of
the United States to vote shall not be denied of
abridged by the United States or by any State on
account of sex.
Section 2. Congress shall have power by
appropriate legislation to enforce the provisions of
this article."

The Shaffroth-Palmer Amendment.
RESOLVED BY THE SENATE AND HOUSE
OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED
STATES IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED (two-
thirds of each House concurring therein), That the
following article be proposed to the legislatures of
the several States as an amendment to the Constitution
of the United States, which, when ratified
by three-fourths of said legislatures, shall be valid
as part of the said Constitution, namely:
"Article-, Section I. Whenever any number
of legal voters of any State to a number exceeding
eight per centum of the number of legal voters
voting at the last preceding general election held
in such State shall petition for the submission to
the legal voters of said State of the question whether
women shall have equal rights with men in respect
to voting at all elections to be held in such State,
such question shall be so submitted; and if upon such
submission a majority of the legal voters of the
State voting on the question shall vote in favor of
granting to women such equal rights, the same shall
thereupon be deemed established, anything to the
contrary in the Constitution or laws or such State
notwithstanding."

PROCEDURE IN CONGRESS.

Must be
Passed by a two-thirds vote of both Houses of
Congress

Must be
Passed by a two-thirds vote of both Houses of
Congress

PROCEDURE IN THE STATES.

Must then be
Ratified by a majority vote of both Houses of the
Legislatures of three-fourths of the States.

Must then be
Ratified by a majority vote of both Houses of the
Legislatures of three-fourths of the States.

THE ENFRANCHISEMENT OF WOMEN,
ON THE SAME TERMS AS MEN WILL THEN
BE ACCOMPLISHED IN EVERY STATE IN
THE UNION. THE WORK WILL BE DONE.

STATE REFERENDUMS.
There must then be
Thirty-seven initiative petitions in the thirty-
seven unenfranchised States to secure the signatures
of at least eight per cent. of the voters at the
last election.
There must then be
The submission of the question to the voters of
the State (the legal method for enforcing this
submission is not provided in the amendment.)
And finally there must be
Thirty-seven separate referendum campaigns in
the unenfranchised States. As each State succeeds
in its referendum under the terms of the bill
submitted in that State.
WHEN THE THIRTY-SEVEN CAMPAIGNS
HAVE BEEN WON THE WOMEN OF THE
COUNTRY WILL BE ENFRANCHISED.

New York Headquarters - Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
13 East 41st Street, New York City
377

Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage

National Woman's Party Convention

June 5, 6 and 7          Blackstone Theatre, Chicago

PROGRAM

Saturday, June 3 - 10:00 a. m. to 10 p. m.,
Michigan Blvd. Bldg.
Credentials Committee on duty.

Sunday, June 4 - 10:00 a. m. to 10:00 p. m.,
Michigan Blvd. Bldg.
Credentials Committee on duty.

Monday, June 5 - 9:00 a. m. to 7:00 p. m.,
Blackstone Theatre.
Credentials Committee on duty.

4:00 p. m. Art Room, Blackstone Hotel.
Reception to members and friends of convention.

8:00 p. m. Blackstone Theatre.
Convention called to order by Miss Maude
Younger, Temporary Chairman.
Prayer - Dr. Rowena Morse Mann.
Reading of Call for Convention -
Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont, Chairman Committee
on organization of Suffrage States.

Reports of Credentials Committee -
Mrs. Helen Hill Weed.
Election of officers of convention.
Appointment of committees on rules, platform
organization and nominations.
"Appeal from the East to the West" -
Mrs. Harriot Stanton Blatch.
"Party Government and Responsibility"-
Mrs. Ida Finney Mackrille, California.
"The Legislative Situation" -
Miss Lucy Burns, Washington

Tuesday, June 6 - 10:00 a. m. Blackstone Theater.
Conference of Committees
2:00 p. m., Blackstone Theatre.
Prayer - Rev. Olympia Brown, Wis.
Report of Committees.

Tuesday, June 6 - 2:00 p. m., Blackstone Theatre.
Reports from Suffrage States.
"The Political Power of Women -
Mrs. Williams Kent, Cal.
Adoption of Platform of Woman's Party.
Election of Campaign Committee of Woman's
Party.

8:00 p. m., Blackstone Theater.
Prayer - Rev. Celia Parker Wooley.
Reports of Committees, continued
Representatives of all National Parties address
Convention on claim of the their Party to
the Support of the Women Voters.
For Democratic Party - Hon. Dudley Field
Malone.
For Progressive Party - Gifford Pinchot,
Victor Murdock.
For Prohibition party - Governor Foss of
Mass.
For Republican Party - Governor Osborne of
Mich.
For Socialist Party - Allan Benson.

Wednesday, June 7 - 10:00 a. m. Blackstone
Theater.
Meeting of Committees
12:00 Noon, Auditorium Hotel.
"Suffrage First Luncheon".  Tickets $1.00.
Toastmistress - Mrs. W. I. Thomas.
Speakers - Miss Helen Keller, Inez Milholland
Boissevain, Rheta Childe
Dorr, Crystal Eastman.

Hearings before the Resolutions Committee
of the National Republican and National
Progressive Conventions.
Time to be announced later.

Stage furnishings generously donated by JOHN A. COLBY & SONS.     Floral Decorations by PETERSON NURSERY and THE GEO. WITTBOLD CO.

All information at Congressional Union Headquarters, Michigan Boulevard Bldg., 73 East Washington St., Chicago.
Telephone Randolph  1094.

Public Invited to All Sessions of Convention


A-1.
The right of the citizens of the United States to vote shall
not be denied or abridged on account of sex by any State wherein the
majority of the electors voting, at any general election, upon the
question of equal suffrage shall vote in favor of equal suffrage for
male and female citizens. this question to be submitted to vote upon
petition of qualified electors to the number of not less than ten per
centum of the electorate participating in the last preceding general
election.

ADDRESS OF SUSAN B. ANTHONY

To the Congressional Committees, in February, 1884, in favor of a
National Amendment for Woman Suffrage:

"You ask why we do not go to our several States to secure this right?
I answer, because we have neither the women nor the money to make the
canvasses of the thirty-eight States, school district by school district, to
educate each individual man out of the old belief that woman was created
to be his subject. Four State Legislatures submitted the question of striking
'male' from their constitutions - Kansas, Michigan, Colorado and Nebraska
- and we made the best canvass of each which was possible for a disfranchised
class outside of all political help, but two men out of every
three voted against it. . . .  We now appeal to you to lift the decision
of our question from the vote of the populace to that of the Legislatures.

"Every new privilege granted to woman has been by the Legislatures.
The liberal laws for married women, the right of the wife to own and
control her inherited property and separate earnings, the right of woman
to vote at school elections in a dozen States, full suffrage in two Territories,
all have been gained through the Legislatures. Had any one of these
beneficent propositions been submitted to the vote of the rank and file,
do you believe a majority would have placed their sanction upon it? I
do not.

"I beg you, Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the committee, that you
will at once recommend the submission of the proposition now before you,
and thus place the decision of this great constitutional question of the right
of one-half of the people of this republic to a voice in the Government,
with the Legislatures of the several States. You need not fear that our
enfranchisement will come too suddenly or too soon by this method. After
the proposition shall have passed Congress by the requisite two-thirds
vote, it may require five, ten or twenty years to secure its ratification by
the necessary three-fourths of the Legislatures; but, once submitted by
Congress, it always will stand until ratified by the States.

"It takes all too many of us women from our homes and from the
works of charity and education in our respective localities, even to come to
Washington, session after session, until Congress shall have submitted the
proposition, and to go from Legislature to Legislature urging its adoption.
But when you insist that we shall beg at the feet of each individual voter
of every one of the States, native and foreign, black and white, learned and
ignorant, you doom us to incalculable hardships and sacrifices and to most
exasperating insults and humiliations. I pray you that you save us from
the fate of waiting and working for our freedom until we shall educate
the ignorant masses of men to consent to give their wives and sisters equality
of right with themselves. You surely will not compel us to await the
enlightenment of all the freed men of this nation and the newly-made voters
from the monarchical governments of the old world.

"Liberty for one's self is a natural instinct possessed alike by all men,
but to be willing to accord liberty to another is the result of education, of
self-discipline, of the practice of the golden rule. Therefore, we ask that
the question of equality of rights for women shall be decided by the selected
men of the nation in Congress, and the picked men of the several States
in their respective Legislatures."

NATIONAL LITERATURE HEADQUARTERS,
CONGRESSIONAL UNION FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE:
213 HALE BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA.

                             A Congressional Union Voiceless Speech

     The Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage, organized in 1913, works solely
for the passage of an amendment to the United States Constitution enfranchising
women.
     The Congressional Union appeals to the dominant party in Congress, as the most
powerful political agent in the country, to endorse and support actively the national
suffrage amendment. The policy of the Congressional Union is based upon the recognition
of the fact that ours is a government by PARTY.
     The Congressional Union is NON-PARTISAN. It is made up of women who are
strong Democrats, women who are strong Republicans, women who are Socialists,
Progressives, etc., united in one aim, the passage of the Federal Suffrage Amendment.
     The national method of enfranchising women is authorized by the United States
Constitution and is the SIMPLEST and MOST DIRECT road to the political freedom
of women. The Congressional Union demands a constitutional amendment.
     A United States Constitutional Amendment, ONCE passed by Congress, needs
to secure only a SINGLE majority vote in three-fourths of the State Legislatures.
     If a State rejects the Proposed Amendment, this action can be RECONSIDERED.
     If a State ratifies the Amendment, this action is FINAL, and CANNOT later be 
rescinded.
     The Susan B. Anthony Amendment has been before Congress since 1878.
     "Liberty for one's self is a natural instinct possessed alike by all men, but to be
willing to accord liberty to another is the result of education, of self-discipline of the 
practice of the golden rule.
     Therefore we ask that the question of equality of rights for women shall be decided
by the SELECTED MEN OF THE NATION IN CONGRESS, and the PICKED MEN OF
THE SEVERAL STATES IN THEIR RESPECTIVE LEGISLATURES.
                                      Susan B. Anthony, to Congressional Committees in 1884.
     "Until some decided PRACTICAL advantage is gained by a dominant political
party, woman suffrage will not be pressed to a decision," declared the New York
Times in 1869.
     "The suffrage movement has passed the stage of ideal reform. It is a plain political
question and must be settled in the realm of things political."
                                       Arizona Citizen, March 16, 1916.
     "The basis of operation for the suffrage movement from now on, it is easy to
predict, will be the States where women are voters." --Denver Post, March 16, 1916.
     The number of votes now held by women in the enfranchised Western States
is more than one-quarter of the total popular vote cast in the last Presidential Election.
The Congressional Union asks women to use this power to secure IMMEDIATE action
on the National Suffrage Amendment.
     Over 4,000,000 women, citizens of 12 States, can now vote in National Elections.
These States elect one-quarter of the Senate and one-sixth of the House, and cast
one-fifth of the electoral vote.
     How did the American Federation of Labor secure exemption for labor under the
Anti-Trust act? Because the trade unionists are in a majority? NOT AT ALL; there
are almost twice as many women voters in the United States as there are trade unionists.
Organized labor got what it wanted by standing together and wringing the
concession from Congress.
     The women voters are the crux of the National Suffrage situation. Even a small
group of women voters determined to stand out for the long-delayed enfranchisement
of their sex throughout the nation, can form the BALANCE OF POWER; and can
demand and secure the immediate passage through Congress of the Susan B. Anthony
Amendment.
     The Woman's Party to be organized by Women Voters in Chicago on June 5th,
6th, and 7th, 1916, will be INDEPENDENT of all other national political organizations
and will have but ONE OBJECT, the passage of the Federal Suffrage Amendment.
                                       NATIONAL LITERATURE HEADQUARTERS
                                CONGRESSIONAL UNION FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE,
                                               213 HALE BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA



                                 SUFFRAGE IN THE NEXT ELECTION

     By putting suffrage first and party affiliations second, women can
make the suffrage issue a deciding factor in the next presidential campaign.

               THE FREE STATES ARE "DOUBTFUL" STATES

                         Presidential Elections
     Women now vote for President in twelve states. These states control
1/5 of the electoral college and cast 1/3 of the votes necessary to elect a
President.
     In the last five presidential elections not one of these states has gone steadily
for any one party.

                         Congressional Elections

     Women, equally with men, vote for Members of the upper and lower
Houses of Congress in eleven states. Twenty-two Senators and forty
Members of the House of Representatives come from these states to
Washington.
     In these states 11 congressional districts have elected Representatives
but twice. In the remaining 29 districts since 1896 (301 cases in all) not
one of these districts was carried steadily by the Democratic party and 
only five of them were held during that period in the Republican column.

              SMALL TURN-OVER OF VOTES COULD HAVE
                      ALTERED ELECTION RESULTS

                   In the Presidential Elections

   In all the presidential elections in the free states since 1896 the average
change of votes needed to throw the election to the other party was 9% of
the total vote cast.
   In 1912 none of the equal suffrage states would have required a change
of more than 7.8% of the total vote to swing the presidential election
in that state.

                    In The Congressional Elections

   Since 1896 six congressional elections have been carried by a majority
of less than 80 votes; 28 by a majority of less than 500; 17 by a majority
of between 500 and 1,000.

   In 223 of these 301 elections less than 10% of the total vote cast would
have sufficed to change the result.

                     WOMEN VOTERS

   Even a small group of women determined to stand out for the long-
delayed enfranchisement of their sex throughout the nation, can form
the balance of power; and can demand and secure the immediate passage
through Congress of the Susan B. Anthony amendment.

                     JOIN THE WOMAN'S PARTY

                  CONGRESSIONAL UNION FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE
                             LAFAYETTE SQUARE, WASHINGTON, D.C.
                (Literature Committee, 213 Hale Building, Philadelphia)

FIVE CENTS
The Suffragist
DECEMBER 19, 1914
WEEKLY ORGAN OF THE 
CONGRESSIONAL UNION FOR WOMAN SUFFRAGE
[*Contains the
summary of
The 1914 election
work of the Cong.
Union
Keep for files
C.S.K.*]
A Christmas Gift - Subscribe to The Suffragist
Drawn by Nina E. Allender
[*Allender*]
Merry Christmas! Do you take The Suffragist?

2
Vol. 2 December 19, 1914 No. 51
The
Suffragist
Weekly Organ of the Congressional Union
for Woman Suffrage
1420 F STREET N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C.
SUBSCRIPTION PRICE:
Domestic $1.00
Foreign $1.50
Single Copies 5 cents
Checks, drafts and postoffice orders should be made payable
to The Treasurer of the Congressional Union
Columbian Printing Co., Inc., Washington
35
Entered as a second-class matter, Nov. 14, 1913, at the Post-
Office Washington, D. C., under act of March 8, 1879

News of the Week
Rules Committee Permits Vote
on Suffrage Amendment
ON Saturday, December 12th, the Rules Committee
reported favorably the House Resolution
No. 514, providing for consideration of
the suffrage amendment in the House of Representatives,
immediately after the consideration of the
National Prohibition Amendment, set for December
22d.

The Immigration Bill
THE Immigration Bill has passed the House, it
has been favorably reported from the Senate
Immigration Committee and is now before the
Senate with every likelihood of being passed in its
present form.
As it stands, it denies the right of entry into the
United States to all persons who rebel against their
government to the extent of advocating the destruction
of property; and it declares that any person who
assists such an alien to enter the United States may
be punished by a fine of $1000 or six months' imprisonment,
or both.
The provision was introduced as an amendment to
the present bill by Representative Raker of California.
It is aimed against English militant Suffragists,
and against all the men and women in this country
who believe that these Englishwomen should have
the chance to tell America the circumstances explaining
their rebellion against long years of civil and
political injustice.
If the bill contains the Raker Amendment when
it passes the Senate it will for the first time in the
history of our country deny the right of asylum to
political offenders.
Never before has our Government undertaken to
be a judge of the methods by which the people of
other nations fight for their freedom.
This bill would have forbidden the greatest men
and women of history to land on our shores. It
would shut out Kosciusko, Kossuth, Garibaldi, "Babushka,"
Carl Schurz, Parnell, O'Brien, La Fayette.
It is a departure from our safest and oldest traditions
of liberal thinking and acting.
Men, who control politics today, should make haste
to throw out these vicious amendments before they
dishonor out statute books. Women should win the
franchise that they may have the weapon to protest
against this co-operation between America and the
tyranny of Europe.

National Defense Referendum
LAST week a resolution was introduced into the
House by Congressman MacDonald, of Michigan,
providing for the submission of the question
of national defense to the men and women of
the United States.
The MacDonald Resolution is in the nature of a
substitute for the one introduced by Mr. A. T. Gardner,
of Massachusetts. Mr. Gardner's resolution
provides for the appointment of a commission of nine
experts who will look into our military preparedness
and make such recommendations as in its judgment
may seem proper. Mr. MacDonald's resolution proposes
that this military commission shall formulate
and submit to the people three alternative projects
for military and naval equipment, designed to carry
out three alternative military policies.
These might be called to small, medium-sized and
large military policies. The first would maintain
the present force of the United States without substantial
increase until the United States could take
up with the European powers the question of universal
disarmament or the creation of an international
naval force.
The second policy would provide for the adequate
defense of the United States and provide also
for the maintenance of the Monroe Doctrine by
means of treaties with the Central and South American
nations, establishing a Pan-American naval
police. The third policy would not only arrange for
the defense of the country, but would be large
enough to graduate American property rights in
foreign countries. It would also maintain the Monroe
Doctrine through action of the United States
alone and without regard to the attitude of the
other Pan-American nations.
The significance of this resolution to women is
that the referendum proposed by it is to be submitted
to the women of the country as well as to
the men. Progressive legislators today are seeking
to ascertain for their own guidance the opinion of
women on momentous national issues. It is absurd
that women should still be deprived of the right
to express an opinion on ordinary political affairs.

Votes for Indians
IN a report sent recently to President Wilson,
Franklin K. Lane, Secretary of the Interior Department,
recommended the enfranchisement, as
speedily as is practicable, of Indians of all tribes.
"It would be better, far better," said Secretary
Lane, in part "to sever all ties between the Indian
and the Government, give every man his own, and
let him go his own way to success or destruction,
rather than keep alive in the Indian the belief that
he is to remain the ward of the Government.
"The way out is gradually and wisely to put the
Indian out. Our goal is the free Indian. The orphan
asylum idea must be killed in the mind of the
Indian and white man. The Indian should know 
that he is upon the road to enjoy or suffer full
capacity.
"It is my conclusion, after as intimate study as
practicable of his nature and needs, that we should
henceforth make a positive and systematic effort to
cast the full burden of independence and responsibility
upon an increasing number of the Indians of
all tribes. I find that there is a statute which significantly
empowers the Secretary of the Interior to
do this in individual cases. That authority is adequate.
I intend to use such authority.
"In 1830 the problem was how to get the Indian 
out of the way. Today the problem is how to make
him really a part of the nation. The man who can
do for himself is the man to be released. And he is
the man who thinks not in terms of Indians' yesterday,
but in terms of the Indians' tomorrow."
This Administration has power to free Indians
and Filipinos, and they intend to use it. They have
power, too, to free the womanhood of America, but
this is a power they are too democratic to use.

Mrs. Frank Leslie's Will Contested
ALTHOUGH Mrs. Frank Leslie's will was allowed
to go to probate without contest, almost
immediately thereafter three suits were entererd
in the Supreme Court by three grandchildren of
Frank Leslie. These base their claims on a verbal
agreement said to have been made by their grandfather
that is he did not survive his wife she was to
consider one-third of the estate as hers to be disposed
of as she chose and the remaining two-thirds
was to be divided among his three sons by
a former marriage, or among their children. Mr.
Leslie's will is on file with the other papers of his
wife, but no mention of any agreement is made in it.

Suffrage Group for San Francisco Fair
THE group of statuary called "The Suffragist
Arousing Her Sisters," has been accepted by
the Board of Artists of the Panama-Pacific
Exposition. A fund is now being collected for its
completion and transportation. This group represents
the Suffragist sounding a trumpet call to her
sisters. At her feet is Vanity, while prostate before
her is Degradation. Dozing at her side is Conventionality,
and behind her the toil-worn figure of
the Wage-earner. The sculptor is Miss Ella
Buchanan.

Family Life and Family Incomes
MISS MARY SNOW, who is in charge of the
research department of the Intercollegiate Bureau
of Occupations, makes a very interesting 
statement in regard to the possibility of marriage for
working men and women. She says:
"Figures given by the last United States Census
show 55 per cent of the adult men of the country
earn less than $500 a year. One of the tragic aspects
of our modern life is the new economic condition
which young men and women are facing today, and
to which they are not sufficiently accustomed to adjust
themselves.
"Scores of young men who felt they could not afford
to marry and plunged into making money now
fill the clubs and bachelor apartments of the city.
Many of the girls, too, are loath to marry unless the
young man is financially able to support them. So I
say that unless these girls are willing to continue to
contribute to the support of the home after marriage,
there is small chance that many of them ever will
marry."
And yet there are men and women in this country
today who say that woman's place is the home; to
give her the ballot would force her out of it!

Many Unmarried Women
Are Subject to Income Tax
THE recent report of the Commissioner of Internal
Revenue shows one very interesting fact.
Among the unmarried persons subject to the
new income tax nearly one-half are women.
And yet these women were not permitted to have
any voice in the passage of this law.

The Sunday Tea
IT has been announced that on Sunday, December 
20th, the speakers at the Congressional 
Union Headquarters, 1420 F Street, will be Mrs.
John Jay White of Washington, D. C., and Miss
Anne H. Martin, president of the Nevada State Suffrage
Association, and Miss Margaret Fay Whittemore,
who has just returned from the campaign in
Washington. All members and friends of the Union
are cordially invited to attend.

The Rules Committee Takes Action

ON the first Saturday following the opening of
Congress, the Rules Committee, by a vote of
four to three, decided to report favorably Mr.
Mondell's Resolution No. 514, providing time for
action upon the Suffrage Amendment in the House
of Representatives.

The committee allotted six hours for a debate on
the Suffrage Amendment and slated it to follow immediately
after the disposition of the National Prohibition
Amendment, which is to be taken up and
voted upon on Tuesday, December 22.

The following day, December 23, is "Calendar 
Wednesday," which is devoted, under the rules of
the House, to the consideration of measures which
are not privileged. The House will adjourn for
the Christmas recess on December 23 and reassemble
on Tuesday, December 29. The Suffrage Amendment
will therefore probably come up for action on
the latter date.

At the meeting of the Rules Committee, which
formulated these plans, the following members were

present: Mr. Henry of Texas, chairman, Mr. Pou
of North Carolina, Mr. Cantrill of Kentucky, Mr.
Goldfogle of New York and Dr. Foster of Illinois,
Democrats; Mr. Lenroot of Wisconsin and Mr.
Campbell of Kansas, Republicans; and Mr. Kelly of
Pennsylvania, Progressive. Those voting against 
the suffrage rule were Mr. Henry, Mr. Pou and
Mr. Cantrill; those voting for it were Dr. Foster,
Mr. Lenroot, Mr. Campbell and Mr. Kelly. Mr.
Goldfogle abstained from voting.

Members of the Congressional Union were astonished
to learn of the adverse votes of Mr. Henry,
Mr. Cantrill and Mr. Pou. Only a week before Mrs.
William Kent and Mrs. Gilson Gardner, members
of the Executive Committee of the Congressional
Union, had been pleasantly assured by Mr. Henry
and Mr. Cantrill that they were in favor of reporting
the suffrage rule. Mr. Pou has all along declared
that he personally believed in the Federal
Suffrage Amendment. Before the meeting of the
committee on Saturday, the impression prevailed that

the Democratic members of the committee, who had
met several times for a private discussion of the session's
program, had fully decided among themselves
to allow the question of woman suffrage to come to a
vote.

Congressmen in touch with the majority members
of the committee declared that the four-to-three vote
on the suffrage rule was a Democratic "arrangement."
Mr. Henry was aware that Dr. Foster of
Illinois would vote for the resolution, and that Mr.
Goldfogle, who represents the state of New York,
where suffrage organizations are powerful, would refrain
from casting a vote. This enabled Mr. Henry,
Mr. Pou and Mr. Cantrill to put themselves on record
against action on the Federal Amendment in
Congress while actually permitting such action.

The Washington Herald in reporting the decision
of the committee to refer the suffrage amendment to
the House, interpreted it in the following bold headlines:
Democrats Hope to Pluck Thorn by Record
Vote - Expect Cessation of Blanket Opposition by
Suffragists in Next Campaign - look for Early Vote."

Woman Suffrage and Strategy

EVERYBODY knows that Mr. Wilson and the
small group of men about him do assume full
responsibility in the name  of the party for what
has been done and left undone in Washington. This
means responsibility for the refusal to allow the
woman suffrage amendment to come before the
House of Representatives for debate and vote. * * *

But it is replied: * * * "If we oppose the Democratic
Party for its refusal to act we become partisan."
The obvious retort is: "Not at all." If the Democrats
were defeated and the Republicans should come
into power and repeat the same tactics, the next
thing to do would be to take the field and defeat the
Republicans and keep up the see-saw until the controlling
party organization, under presidential or boss
leadership, as the case may be, accepts the inevitable.
The women do not become Republicans by opposing
the Democrats. They help the Republican
Party temporarily, using it as an instrument to obtain
the vote, on the assumption that securing the
vote is more important than the success or failure of
either or any party. This is the most diluted milk
for political babes that one can imagine.

Finally, you say that the issue of woman suffrage
is "where it belongs, before the entire male electorate
of this country," and is to be decided by the votes of
men. The statement is not politically accurate. On
the very narrowest calculation it is not before the
"entire male electorate." In twelve states women
vote. In thirty-six states where women do not have
the vote, it is theoretically before the male voters,
but only theoretically. In practical politics the power
of the organization leaders to pass the word down
to "the boys" to "swat the amendment," is fully
equal to the power of the independent electors, and
the organization leaders in all states have to take
into account the exigencies of politics at Washington.
The only way in which the issue could be left
to the "male electorate" would be to abandon the
work for a national suffrage amendment.

Assuming that it is not proposed to abandon the

national movement, then the issue is not before "the
entire male electorate, where it belongs." It is before
the men and women in twelve states, and the
men in the other states, or, to speak correctly, the
party organization, and some of the men in the other
states. One-fourth of the United States Senators,
nearly one-sixth of the House of Representatives, and
nearly one-fifth of the presidential electors come from
suffrage states. No national party organization or
national leader now dares to oppose woman suffrage
on principle, except on the assumption that the women
voters of the West do not have the intelligence
to read the newspapers and are so spineless that
they would vote for a party or leader that dared to
tell them that they have no business with the vote,
anyhow.

Obviously, the woman voters hold the balance of
power in national politics, and if they are keen
enough they can force all parties to take positive
stand for woman suffrage in 1916. If the women
of the West will think nationally and politically, they
can, through the working power of marginal minorities,
compel the passage of a national amendment,
but only on the assumption that they will punish at
the polls the party that refuses to go on record or
that violates its pledges when it does go on record.
If the representatives in Congress from the suffrage
states inform the national organizations of their respective
parties that the women voters are politically
alert, then the organizations will have to take notice.
Inasmuch as the passage of the amendment by Congress
merely submits the issue to the states, the Congressmen
from non-suffrage states will see no reason
why they should endanger the national organization
by refusing to lay the proposition before the country.
Then the issue will be before the legislatures,
i. e., the party organizations, of the several commonwealths.

Such is the view taken by the Congressional Union,
and friend and foe must admit the strategic strength
of the Union's position. - Letter by Charles Beard to
The New Republic, December 12, 1914.

Congressmen on Suffrage
Methods

SUFFRAGISTS who should seek help of Congressmen
on the way to win the vote would
receive fearful and wonderful advice, according
to a member of the Congressional Union who has
been busy at the Capitol during the past week.

Congressman Henry, when last interviewed, stated
that he believed, with the President, that suffrage
should be won by states. "When you get enough
states you can then force the national amendment."

"Is the prospect for suffrage hopeful in your own
state?" he was asked.

"Not at all," said Mr. Henry, firmly. "After the
agitation for state-wide prohibition in Texas, the
governor-elect is absolutely opposed to the submission
of any more constitutional amendments for some
years to come. * * *"

Senator O'Gorman also believes without qualification
in winning suffrage by amending state constitutions.

"But," said the Suffragist, "there are some states
whose constitutions it is impossible to amend."

"Then," replied the Senator, "the only thing you
can do is to go to work and get the state constitutions
amended so as to be able to submit state amendments
more easily. * * *"

Senator Kern expresses himself in favor of state
action and state action only. When reminded of the
hundred years' work and the hundreds of thousands
of dollars necessary to win the separate state referendum
campaigns, the Senator replied cheerfully:
"Well, hard work is good for all of us. It will educate
you ladies to work up these campaigns.  * * *"

"You must win," the President himself has said,
throwing with equal sang froid the burden of enfranchising
the nation on the shoulders of the disfranchised,
"three-fourths of the states. You can
then force through the national amendment."

The interviewer went away ruminating on this program
of sacrifice and effort, laid by the men of the
nation on the women of the nation; and one question 
rose before her mind: "Why do they say they
cannot support the federal amendment now because
it would 'force' liberty on one-fourth of our states,
and then tell us we must win thirty-six referendum
campaigns in order to be able to force it on one-
fourth of the states?"

To this question neither the President nor the Congressmen
have as yet returned an answer.

Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Miss Alice Paul, N. J., Chairman
Miss Lucy Burns, N. Y., Vice-Chairman
Mrs. Donald Hooker, Md., Chairman Finance
Mrs. Mary Beard, N. Y.
Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont, N.Y.
Mrs. Crystal Eastman Benedict, N. Y.
Mrs. Gilson Gardner, D. C.
Miss Elsie Hill, Conn.
Mrs. Wm. Kent, Cal.
Mrs. Lawrence Lewis, Jr., Pa.
Mrs. Harriott Stanton Blatch, N. Y.
Mrs. Inez Milholland Boissevain, N. Y.
Mrs. John Winters Brannan, N. Y.
Reverend Olympia Brown, Wis.
Mrs. Lillian Harris [Co???t], Cal.
Mrs. William L. Colt, N. Y.
Mrs. Frank Cothren, N. Y.
Mrs. George H. Day, Conn.
Mrs. John Dewey, N. Y.
Miss Mary Bartlett Dixon, Md.
Miss Lavinia Dock, N. Y.
Mrs. Abigail Scott Dunniway, Oregon
Mrs. Glendower Evans, Mass. 
ADVISORY COUNCIL
Mrs. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, N. Y.
Mrs. Inez Haynes Gilmore, Cal.
Mrs. Edwin C. Grice, Pa.
Mrs. F. R. Hazard, N. Y.
Mrs. Florence Bayard Hilles, Del.
Mrs. Frederick C. Howe, N. Y.
Miss Ada L. James, Wis.
Miss Helen Keller, Mass. 
Mrs. Florence Kelley, N. Y. 
Dr. Cora Smith King, Wash.
Miss Gail Laughlin, Cal.
Mrs. William Bross Lloyd, Ill.
Mrs. Lionel S. Marks, Mass.
Miss Edythe Wynne Matthison, Conn.
Mrs. Sophie G. Meredith, Va.
Mrs. Mary Hutcheson Page, Mass. 
Mrs. Marsden Perry, R. I.
Mrs. Annie Porritt, Conn.
Mrs. William Prendergast, N. Y.
Mrs. John Rogers, N. Y.
Prof. Lucy M. Salmon, N. Y.
Mrs. Mary C. Therkelsen, Ore.
Mrs. Mina Van Winkle, N. J. 
Mrs. John Jay White, D. C.
Miss Charlotte Anita Whitney, Cal.
Mrs. Harvey W. Wiley, D. C.
Miss Mary E. Woolley, Mass.
National Headquarters-1420 A Street, Washington, D.C.
COLORS-PURPLE, WHITE AND GOLD

Senate Resolution 130, and
House Resolution 1
     Proposing an amendment to the Constitution
of the United States extending the right of 
suffrage to women.
     Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives
of the United States of America in Congress
Assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring
therein), That the following article be proposed to
the legislatures of the several States as an amendment
to the Constitution of the United States, which,
when ratified by three-fourths of the said legislatures,
shall be valid as part of said Constitution, namely:
     "ARTICLE.-SEC. 1. The right of citizens of
the United States to vote shall not be denied or
abridged by the United States or by any State on
account of sex. 
     "SEC. 2. Congress shall have power, by 
appropriate legislation, to enforce the provisions of
this article."

HISTORY OF THE AMENDMENT
Introduced:
     In the Senate: April 7, 1913, by Senator
        George E. Chamberlain, of Oregon.
     In the House: April 7, 1913, by Representative
        Frank W. Mondell, of Wyoming.
Referred:
     In the Senate: June 13, 1913, favorable
        report.
     In the House: May 5, 1914. Reported
        without recommendation.
Discussed: 
     In the Senate: July 31, 1913, twenty-two 
        Senators in favor, three opposing.
     September 18, 1913, Senator Wesley L.
        Jones, of Washington, demanded immediate
        action.
     On January 21, 1914, Senator Ashurst, of
       Arizona, delivered a speech urging the
       Passage of the Amendment.
     Made unfinished business, March 2, 1914.
     Debated almost continuously from March
        2d to March 19th.
Voted Upon:
     In the Senate: March 20, 1914, by Senator
        Bristow, of Kansas.
Present Status: 
     In the Senate: On Calendar of Senate.
     In the House: On Calendar of House. 

PARTY RESPONSIBILITY IN THE HOUSE

THE Washington Herald (Dec. 14th) commented
as follows on the belated report of the suffrage
rule:
     "That the action of the House Rules Committee
Saturday in favorably reporting a rule requiring a 
record vote on the resolution proposing a constitutional
amendment enfranchising women, will remove,
in large part, a thorn from the side of the Democratic 
party, is the hope of leaders in Congress.
     "It is hoped that by permitting the question to
come to a vote in the House the party will be relieved
from the blanket opposition which it met in
the fall campaign when all Democratic candidates
were opposed by the women regardless of candidates'
individual views on suffrage. 
     The record vote, which probably will be take before
Christmas, will permit each Democratic member
who favors the proposed amendment to record
himself, thus offering a strong weapon of defense
in the next campaign.
     "Moreover, as the party leaders will have given
their followers an opportunity to express their views,
and, supposedly, the views of their respective 
constituencies, the blanket opposition will be further
stultified if attempted in the next campaign."
     Undoubtedly the blockade of the Suffrage
Amendment in the Rules Committee was broken
down by the "blanket opposition" of suffragists
to the whole democratic party in the fall campaign.
     The unfairness of the Democratic party leaders
in refusing the "representatives of the people" as
we still call them, even the opportunity to cast a 
vote upon women suffrage, was indefensible; and
the party responsibility for this unjust behavior
was manifest. The Democrats controlled the
Rules Committee, and is the committee smothered
the Suffrage Resolution, Democrats alone were 
responsible. 
     The policy of holding candidates of the party
hostile to suffrage, responsible for their party's
record, in the states where women are politically 
strongest, has already been entirely justified. It
has forced the suffrage question for the first time
in the history of our country, to a vote in the
House of Representatives. 
     But if the Democrats hope that by permitting 
this vote in the House, they will "stultify" the
policy of holding their party responsible for the
further stages of the suffrage amendment, they
are making a grave mistake. The party as a 

whole is exactly as responsible for the treatment
of the suffrage amendment on the floor of the
House for its treatment in the Rules Committee.
The party leaders control the House members
just as they control Committee members,
and by the same methods. The Democrats in
the House take a common stand on important 
measures, and the party view is binding on
 individual members. Under certain circumstances
permission is privately accorded individual Democrats
to vote against the party view, provided that
a safe majority for the Administration policy is
known to be secure, Democratic members from
equal suffrage states, for instance, are permitted
to vote for equal suffrage; it would embarrass
the party in their constituencies if they could not
do so; and meanwhile the party view is bound to
prevail in Congress. 
     In this session the Democrats still possess a
two-thirds majority in the House. The fate of
the suffrage amendment is absolutely in their
hands. It will pass next Tuesday is the Administration
sees in time the wisdom of supporting it;
it will fail if the Democrats continue their present
unjustifiable policy of dismissing it from
national consideration.
    Whichever policy they pursue, the women of
America will clearly understand. If the party espouses
suffrage, women will know to whom to attribute
the enfranchisement of half the people. 
If the Democrats oppose it, women in the equal
suffrage states will certainly not be deceived by
the personal record of the Democratic equal suffrage
Congressman, whose presence in Congress
supports the party opposing the freedom
of women and whose votes are merely a part of a
general scheme designed to put the suffrage
movement at the greatest possible disadvantage. 










5
Results of the Election Campaign

AS the proof of the pudding is in the eating, 
so we believe that the value of the pre-election 
campaign conducted by the Congressional 
Union in the equal suffrage states will 
be found in its results.
     Recognizing the fact that favorable action by 
Congress on the Bristow-Mondell amendment 
was impossible so long as the Democratic party 
continued actively to oppose it, the Congressional 
Union sent organizers into each of the equal suffrage 
states to ask the women voters to withhold 
their support from the Democratic candidates for 
Congress until that party abandoned its persistently 
obstructive attitude.
     The campaign in the equal suffrage states was 
conducted by Miss Jane Pincus and Miss Josephine 
Casey, in Arizona; Miss Lucy Burns and Miss 
Rose Winslow, in California; Miss Doris Stevens 
and Miss Ruth Astor Noyes, in Colorado; Mrs. 
Helena Hill Weed, in Idaho; Mrs. Edna S. Latimer 
and Miss Lola Trax, in Kansas; Mrs. Jessie 
Hardy Stubbs and Miss Virginia Arnold, in Oregon; 
Miss Elsie Lancaster, in Utah, Miss Margaret 
Whittemore and Miss Anne McCue, in 
Washington, and Mrs. Gertrude Hunter, in 
Wyoming.
     Without pausing to discuss the system of party 
responsibility in this country - a system not created, 
it may be observed, by the Congressional 
Union but merely accepted by it as the incontrovertible 
fact, a study of our government or experience 
in dealing with it will equally prove it to 
be,—we will consider only the results of our campaign 
as shown in the light of subsequent events.
     In estimating these results, it must be borne in 
mind that the intention and endeavor to defeat or 
to reduce the majorities of the Democratic candidates 
for Congress in the equal suffrage states 
was but a means to an end, and not the end itself.  
The object was not the destruction of the Democratic 
party, but the awakening of the party to a 
realizing sense that continued opposition to the 
proposed amendment enfranchising women would 
inevitably alienate votes and weaken the support 
enjoyed by that party in the equal suffrage states.
     The extent, then, to which the question of national 
women suffrage was for the first time made 
a prominent political issue in a national election 
and the record of the Democratic party thereon 
brought before the voters, with the result that 
the candidates of that party suffered defeat or a 
reduction of their majorities, may fairly be considered 
the measure of success of the Congressional 
Union's election of campaign.
     There should also be taken into account the 
establishment of headquarters and the greatly increased 
membership of the Congressional Union 
in the equal suffrage states, all of which makes 
possible even more successful future campaigns, 
should they be necessary.

Arizona 
Senator: M. A. Smith (Dem.), Re-elected 
Representative: Carl Hayden (Dem.), Re-elected 
THE first and most striking effect of the invasion 
of Arizona, a strongly Democratic State, 
was the action taken by Senator Smith and Representative 
Hayden, Democratic candidates for 

re-election, in telegraphing from Washington to 
the State Convention in session in Phoenix, asking 
it to put a national woman suffrage plank in 
the Democratic platform and pledging themselves 
"to vote at all times for national woman suffrage."
     Viewed in the light of the known fact that both 
men had opposed the granting of woman suffrage 
in their state, and that Senator Smith had absented 
himself from the Senate when the vote on 
the Suffrage Amendment was cast, this unexpected 
interest so suddenly evinced was both gratifying 
and significant.
     A few days later, Representative Hayden rose 
in the House and delivered a speech on the subject 
of women suffrage and his attitude thereon 
which filled three pages of the Congressional Record, 
and with copies of which the state of Arizona was 
flooded in the days preceding the election.
     Coming to the election figures, we find Senator 
Smith re-elected by a majority so small that it 
was nearly a week before the fact of his election 
was definitely known.

California 
Senator: James D. Phelan (Dem.), to succeed 
George W. Perkins (Rep.) 
     Four Democrats, three Republicans, three Progressives 
and one Independent to succeed three Democrats, 
four Republicans, one Progressive, one Independent 
and two Progressive Republicans.
IN this state a Democrat defeated a Republican 
for the Senate, and four Democrats were elected 
to the 64th Congress, all five candidates winning 
by large majorities.
     This result, which on its face would seem to indicate 
the utter failure of our pre-election campaign, 
was due to the divided opposition to the Democratic 
Party, and opposition which did not exist two years 
ago, the Progressives at that time having fused with 
or "captured" the Republicans.
     Here also national woman suffrage was made a 
prominent political issue.  The Progressive candidate 
for United States Senate repeatedly emphasized 
his support of the federal suffrage amendment.  The 
Republican candidate circularized the state with literature 
of his own, dealing with the obstructive tactics 
of the Rules Committee.  The Congressional 
Union organizers stumbled on Democratic campaign 
orators in small country towns defending the record 
of their party on woman suffrage, and found in calling 
upon the editors of Democratic and Republican 
newspapers throughout the state, that they had been 
fully informed by their party headquarters of the 
work and purpose of the Congressional Union.  It is 
safe to say that but for the Congressional Union 
campaign, national woman suffrage would not have 
been mentioned in California.
     At the conclusion of the campaign, permanent 
headquarters were left in San Francisco, and plans 
laid for organizing in California throughout the 
Exposition year.

Colorado 
Senator: Charles S. Thomas (Dem.), Re-elected 
Representatives:  Three Democrats and one Republi-
to succeed four Democrats 
IN Colorado, Senator Thomas won by a majority 
so small (3,309) that its existence was in doubt 
for five days following the election.  In 1912 he 
was elected for a short term by a plurality of 45,006.  
The Democratic representation in the House was reduced 
by one, through the defeat of Representative 
Seldomridge (Dem.), in whose district the activities 
of the Union's organizers were concentrated.  The 
majority of Congressman Keating, an exceptionally 
strong candidate, was reduced from 45,580 to 4,624.
     That the Union was admittedly a factor to be 
reckoned with was shown by the action of the Democratic 
State Committee in issuing a special pamphlet 
just before election, dealing exclusively with the 
points raised by its organizers, and attempting a defense 
of the party record on the suffrage issue so 
unexpectedly injected into the campaign. 
     All three parties incorporated into their state platforms, 
for the first time in the history of Colorado, a 
plank favoring the National Suffrage Amendment. 
     The headquarters established at Denver has been 
made permanent, Miss Ruth Astor Noyes remaining 
in charge, and active work aided and supported by 
the women of Colorado is being done to strengthen 
and organize the sentiment in the state in behalf of 
national woman suffrage. 

Idaho 
Senator: James H. Brady (Rep.), Re-elected 
Representative: Two Republicans to succeed two 
Republicans 
ONLY one organizer was sent into Idaho, a state 
which was reasonably certain to and did elect 
Senator Brady and Representatives McCracken 
and Smith, all Republicans.
     Senator Brady's election, however, was unexpectedly 
jeopardized through the feeling roused against 
the Republicans in Idaho by the embezzlement of 
funds by the State Treasurer, a Republican office-holder.  
He had, also, a strong antagonist in his 
opponent, Governor Hawley, who had defeated him 
in the gubernatorial contest four years before.
     Had it not been for the opposition roused against 
the Democratic candidate by the Congressional Union 
campaign based on the suffrage record of the Democratic 
Party, Governor Hawley might have compassed 
the defeat of Senator Brady.  As it was, the 
Republican candidate was returned, and the two Republican 
candidates for the House of Representatives 
were elected with large majorities.

Kansas
Senator: Charles A. Curtis (Rep.) to succeed Joseph 
L. Bristow (Rep.) 
Representatives: Two Republicans and six Democrats
to succeed two Republicans and five Democrats. 
IN this state, effort was concentrated on the senatorial 
contest, with the result that Representative 
Neeley, the Democratic candidate, was defeated.  
Representative Neeley's election had been regarded 
as a practical certainty, owing to the presence in the 
field of two opposition candidates, former Senator 

1510 H Street N. W. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 
J. M. GIDDING & Co. 
Paris     Cincinnati     Duluth, Minn. 
Fifth Avenue and 46th Street 
New York 
SUITS 
COATS 
BLOUSES NOVELTIES MILLINERY GOWNS 
WRAPS 
FURS

6

Curtis, who had received the Republican nomination,
and Representative Murdock, a powerful Progressive
candidate.
   It is generally conceded that the campaign conducted
in Kansas by the two organizers sent into that
state by the Congressional Union was the determining
factor in the defeat of the Democratic candidate
for the Senate. The Democratic papers were vehement
in their editorial denunciation of the women
who had dared to "bring woman suffrage into politics"
by exposing the record of the majority party
thereon. Representative Doolittle, after vainly urging
the chairman of the Union to withdraw the two
organizers from Kansas, or at least to refrain from
entering his district, delivered a speech in the House
which covered nearly two pages of the Congressional
Record. Copies of this speech defending his own position
and attacking the policy of the Union were
sent not only into his own district but were used
extensively throughout the state.
   More than 50,000 pieces of literature were 
distributed
by the two organizers, speeches were made
in every town and city and throughout the country
districts, and Democratic candidates were forced to
confront at every turn the record of their party on
national woman suffrage, an issue which otherwise
would not have entered into the campaign.

                            Oregon

Senator: George E. Chamberlain (Dem.), Re-elected
Representatives: Three Republicans to succeed two
    Republicans and one Progressive Republican.

In Oregon the entire state was covered in the pre-election
campaign by the two organizers sent into
that state, and national woman suffrage made a 
dominant issue.
   Senator Chamberlain promptly had issued a new
and enlarged series of posters on which his suffrage
record made its appearance as his chief appeal for
election. It was recognized that the return of Senator
Chamberlain was more than probable; but, widely
known and popular as he is, he was forced to realize
as never before the necessity for satisfying criticism
of the Administration for its unfortunate record on
woman suffrage. He repeatedly asserted his non-partisanship, 
asking for election as a non-partisan
rather than as a Democrat, and it remained for the
organizers of the Congressional Union to inform his
constituents that he had with one exception voted
consistently as a Democrat and in support of that
party in the Senate.
   In the Third District, the defeat of Flegel, Democratic
candidate for the House of Representatives,
was admittedly the result of the campaign of the 
Congressional Union. The wife of an Oregon Congressman,
lamenting the opposition of the Congressional
Union to Senator Chamberlain, said last week
of the Oregon organizers, more in sorrow than in
anger--"And they defeated Flegel!"
   The headquarters established at Portland has been
made permanent, Miss Virginia Arnold remaining
in charge to direct the work in Oregon.

                              Utah
Senator: Reed Smoot (Rep.), Re-elected
Representatives: One Republican and one Democrat
   to succeed two Republicans.
Only one organizer went into Utah.
   The Democrats ran a candidate for only one
seat in Utah, the senatorial seat; and the organizer
therefore worked only in the senatorial contest.
The Progressives and Democrats fused in 
Utah, the Democrats taking the nomination for the
Senate, while the Progressives took the House nominations.

   This coalition of opponents gave Senator Smoot
a hard fight, and the suffrage campaign conducted
there undoubtedly contributed to the defeat of the
Democratic candidate for Senator.
   The two men who were running for the House on
the fusion arrangement announced that if elected
they would sit in the House as Progressives and vote
as Progressives, and would not be members of the
Democratic caucus.

                                Washington

Senator: Wesley L. Jones (Rep.), Re-elected
Representatives: Four Republicans and one Democrat
   to succeed three Republicans and two Progressives.

In this state the campaign conducted by the Congressional
Union organizers was admittedly a factor
in the defeat of the Democratic candidate for 
the Senate.

   Effort was concentrated in the First, Second, and
Third Congressional Districts, in all of which the
Democratic candidates were defeated. A Democrat
was elected from the Fourth and a Republican from
the Fifth District to replace in the House of Representatives
the two Progressives who had taken their
seats as Representatives at Large in the 63rd Congress.
Both the Fourth and Fifth Districts are considered
to have normally Democratic majorities, and
the election of the Republican candidate in the Fourth
District was looked upon as a decided victory. The
successful Democratic candidate in the Fifth District
followed the Congressional Union organizer from
point to point, and at the conclusion of her speech
asked for recognition and promptly proceeded to
pledge himself in the most binding terms to support
and vote for the federal amendment. "Ole" Hansen,
Progressive candidate for the United States Senate,
had the National Suffrage Amendment put as a heading
on all his stationery. Everywhere the question
of national woman suffrage was brought prominently
to the front.

                         Wyoming

Senator: (None to be elected.)
Representative: Frank W. Mondell (Rep.), Re-elected

Only one organizer was sent to Wyoming,
generally regarded as a normally Republican
state. There was no Senatorial campaign, 
and effort was therefore concentrated on
assuring the defeat of the Democratic candidate
for the House of Representatives and in covering
the state with literature explaining the status of
the Federal amendment in Congress and the record
of the Democratic party on that measure.
The organizer worked principally in and around
Cheyenne, covering the territory within 100 miles
by automobile trips, and the state at large by
means of circulars and daily press bulletins. Here,
the local women responded with enthusiasm to
the appeal of their eastern sisters for help in their
struggle for enfranchisement. The Democratic
papers recognized the effective nature of the Congressional
Union campaign by editorial attacks
upon its organizer and her work more vituperative
in tone than those appearing in the Democratic
organs of any other state.

A FRIENDLY critic of the Congressional 
Union tells us: "The Democratic gains in
suffrage states are in striking contrast to
the losses in non-suffrage states." But this is unfair
comparison. The western states which are 
mainly agricultural, cannot be well compared with
industrial states of the East where the tariff question
was an overwhelming issue. To compare results

in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and so on,
with results in such states as New York, Massachusetts,
and Connecticut, is manifestly inconclusive
as a basis for judging the effect of political
work done by any organization in those states.
   The campaign of the Congressional Union accomplished
exactly what its members hoped and
expected that it would accomplish. If their purpose
had been merely to unseat Democrats, they
would of course have taken the districts in the 
United States where the Democrats had won by
very slight majorities. When they went into a
rock-ribbed Democratic state like Arizona, they
did not anticipate that they would unseat either
of the Democratic candidates of that state.
Neither did they expect to unseat any of the
Democratic candidates from such a strongly
Democratic state as Colorado. If the Congressional
Union, moreover, had been merely intent 
on punishing Democrats it would not have gone
into such strongly Republican states as Idaho,
Wyoming and Utah. Their purpose in going
into these states was to make woman suffrage
a political issue--for all time, until women are enfranchised--
in the states where women have political
power, and to lay the foundations there
for permanent and constantly growing support of
the suffrage work at Washington. They succeeded
in making the record of the Democratic party (an
issue which would not otherwise have been heard of),
widely known and hotly discussed in the suffrage
states.
   They gained, even in the thick of the election
contest, hundreds of members and left three organizations
to continue the campaign in behalf of
national woman suffrage. They brought into
touch with the work for national woman suffrage
women prominent in their own states--women
like Miss Charlotte Anita Whitney, of California,
Mrs. Lauritz Therkelsen, of Oregon, Miss Margaret
Roberts, of Idaho, and Dr. Vena Jolidon-Croake,
of Washington. An immense amount of 
publicity for the national suffrage amendment
was secured in these few weeks, especially in
Kansas, Arizona, Colorado, Wyoming and Oregon.
   To sum up:
   Basing our estimate on the charges made by
friends of the candidates we were forced through
the action of their party to oppose, the Congressional
Union campaign accomplished the defeat
of Representative Neeley, of Kansas, contributed
in large measure to the defeat of Governor Hawley,
of Idaho, and Mr. James H Molye, of Utah,
and greatly affected the majorities of Senator
Smith, of Arizona, and Senator Thomas of Colorado.
They failed to influence the election of
Senator Chamberlain of Oregon, and Mr. Phelan,
of California.
   Our campaign was admittedly the determining
factor in the defeat of two candidates for the 
House of Representatives, Representative Seldomridge,
of Colorado, and Mr. Flegel, of Oregon;
contributed in large measure to the defeat of
Mr. Roscoe Drumheller, of Washington, and 
greatly reduced the majority of Representative
Keating, in Colorado.
   The immediate effect was the action of the 
Rules Committee in the House of Representatives
in reporting favorably on the solution of Representative
Mondell providing for consideration
by the House of the resolution introduced by him
proposing a constitutional amendment enfranchising
women. This resolution was reported to the
House without recommendation by the Judiciary
Committee on May 5th last, but action upon it
has been prevented by the failure of the Rules
Committee to allot time for its consideration.

J.M. Gidding & Co.
Paris    Cincinnati    Duluth, Minn.
1510 H Street N. W. 
Washington, D. C
Fifth Avenue and 46th Street
New York
SUITS   COATS
BLOUSES NOVELTIES MILLINERY GOWNS
WRAPS FURS

7
                                          Comments of the Press
SEEIN' THINGS. 

By the courtesy of the New York World Dec. 14th, the leading Democratic organ of the country

CONGRESS MUST VOTE FOR WOMEN
                  OR AGAINST WOMEN

The Time for Quibbling and Evasion Has Passed,
          So Has the Coward's Opportunity to
                 Run Away from the Issue.

IN a few days the National House of Representatives
must declare itself on woman suffrage.
   Every effort of cowardly politicians to shift and
dodge has failed. There is still an echo of Mr. Wilson's 
declaration that the states should settle the
question, but every Congressman knows that if he
fails to support the Mondell amendment, he can be
justly charged with enmity to suffrage.
   A few years ago the question of whether women
should continue to be classed with infants and idiots
was not even an issue. The speech of every little
politician asked to talk on suffrage was filled with
the threadbare platitudes about woman's place being
in the home, and why give votes to women when they
cannot fight for their country?
   Since then conditions have changed very rapidly,
and Congressmen, being on the payroll of the country
because of their ability to follow public sentiment,
have begun to wake up to what is going on.
   Impatient of waiting for national action, no less
than twelve states, with ninety-one electoral votes,
have decided that women are just as well fitted to
vote as men.
   Without smashing any windows, or setting fire to
any churches, or horsewhipping Mr. Bryan or any
other member of the Cabinet, women have convinced
State legislatures of their intelligence and ability.
   In the states where they have secured the ballot
conditions have been bettered. They have held office
wisely and honestly.
   And by continuous and unremitting efforts they
have kept their cause before the public, until there
is now no doubt that a majority of the citizens would
give them the ballot, if the opportunity were offered.
   A large number of Congressmen, too dull to understand
anything that happens outside of Congress
or of ward political meetings, still believe that they
can put off the day when the American home shall
have a voice in American government.
   By delay and parliamentary juggling they have put
off a vote time and again, but they can put if off no
longer.
*     *     *     *     *     *     *     *
   The Mondell amendment will come up in a few
days. It will be backed by the intelligence of the
whole country, because it is the simplest and the 
quickest way to bring about woman suffrage.
   It will deprive little State bosses of the right to
say that their henchmen are more intelligent than the
mothers who reared and taught and made the able
men of the country.
   It will force the issue in every State Legislature
when it comes up for ratification. Without a national
amendment local bosses, still holding their grip on
the legislatures, might continue for years to prevent 
the people from voting on the question.
*     *     *     *     *     *     *     *
   The brave and patient women who have taken their 
case to Washington have had real encouragement in
the Senate--none whatever from the White House,
where the State rights argument was coldly offered
them by Mr. Wilson.
   The House of Representatives will have a real opportunity
when the amendment comes up. And its 
members will be judged not alone by the women, but
by the whole country, on their votes.--The New York
Evening Journal, December 16, 1914.

      DEMOCRATS HOPE TO PLUCK THORN
                 BY RECORD VOTE

      Expect Cessation of Blanket Opposition by
                Suffragists in Next Campaign

               LOOK FOR EARLY VOTE

THAT the action of the House Rules Committee
Saturday in favorably reporting a rule requiring
a record vote on the resolution proposing a
constitutional amendment enfranchising women, will
remove, in large part, a thorn from the side of the 
Democratic Party, is the hope of leaders in Congress.
   It is hoped that by permitting the question to come
to a vote in the House the party will be relieved from

the blanket opposition which is met in the fall campaign
when all Democratic candidates were opposed
by the women regardless of candidates' individual
views on suffrage.--The Herald, Washington, D. C.,
December 14, 1914.

           The President's Attitude Toward Suffrage

LAST June President Wilson said he was "impressed"
with the demand made by women
for the vote. Since the election he has written
to Mary M. Childs, a government employe, and announced
himself as "deeply impressed."
   As a barometer indicating progress, President
Wilson is not without value to the suffrage movement.
--The New York Call, December 13, 1914.

            Over Half of the People in Washington
               EAT CORBY'S BREAD--WHY?

8

Treasurer's Report
    THOSE who have been so loyally supporting the
Federal Suffrage Amendment must be glad that
they have had a part in securing a vote on the
amendment in the House. But this is only one step,
though a very encouraging one, in the work yet before
us. Do you wish to give courage to those
who are bearing the brunt of the fight? Then let
them know that they have your backing, your interest.
The suffrage cause in America has before it
a great political opportunity; what we need,—what
every movement needs if it is to succeed,—is funds.
Are you anxiously awaiting the freedom of women,
is that a thing about which you care a very great
deal? If it is, then let me tell you a story.
    There was once a poor man whose sole means of
livelihood was a decrepit horse. One day the old
beast heaved a sigh, rolled over on the pavement
and breathed his last. Of course, a crowd gathered
quickly, and many were the expressions of sympathy
for the owner. Finally one of the men who had
been standing quietly looking on, stepped forward
and said: "All of you men seem to care a great deal 
because this good man has lost his horse. Now I
care five dollars worth. How much do you care?"

CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARD $100,000 FUND 
FOR SECURING THE PASSAGE OF 
THE FEDERAL SUFFRAGE 
AMENDMENT
    (Fund opened December 7th, 1912. Donations, 
membership fees and tickets are here listed; receipts 
from the purely business departments of "The Suffragist"
and the Literature Committee are not included.)

LIST OF CONTRIBUTIONS FROM DECEMBER 7th 
THROUGH DECEMBER 14th, 1914
Mrs. George Odell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         $2.00
Mrs. William Kent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        45.00
Mrs. Harriet L. Scribner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           1.00
Mrs. Minnie E. Brooke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           4.52
Miss Margaret Fay Whittemore . . . . . . . . . . .              .50
Miss Mary Conkle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           2.50
Mrs. Florence Bayard Hilles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          2.00
Mrs. J. F. Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        34.00
Mrs. Lucretia M. P. Mitchell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           5.00
Mrs. Walter W. Carter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         25.00
Mrs. Edwin C. Grice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         10.00
Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        50.00
Membership fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        12.00
Sale of tickets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           6.00
                                                                                ------------------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $199.52
Previously acknowledged in The Suffragist . . 50,825.17
                                                                                ------------------
Total to December 14, 1914 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $51,024.69

NOTICE In establishing the Crown Circuit 
of Picture Theatres to aid 
equal suffrage, we require 
women managers. Correspondence solicited.
COOPERATIVE PHOTOPLAY SYNDICATE
General Agency
Hotel Calvert, Broadway and 41st, New York City

Headquarters for Suffragist Photographs
CLINEDINST
STUDIO
733 Fourteenth St. N. W., Washington, D. C.
Ground Floor (No Steps)     Phone Main 4932-4933

COPENHAVER
Society Engravers and Stationers
UPTOWN STORE
1521 CONNECTICUT AVENUE
Telephone, North 475

1000 New Subscribers
    One of our members, in sending in a new subscription 
to the Suffragist, writes: "The paper
is so wonderfully interesting. I always 
think the last is the best." Another member writes:
"The Suffragist is thrilling enough to move a stone."
    We ask everyone to help in spreading the paper. It 
is the easiest and surest way to win permanent supporters 
for the Federal Amendment work.

MEMBERS WHO HAVE SECURED NEW 
SUBSCRIBERS
DECEMBER 8th TO DECEMBER 14th
     (In this column we list the subscribers sent in 
each week by our members. These are only a part 
of the total number of new subscriptions.)
Miss Sara Crowell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     3
Miss Rachel S. Howland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    4
Miss V. J. Arnold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
Miss Gertrude Crocker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
Miss Ingeborg Kindstedt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   1
Miss Elizabeth Smith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
Miss Mary Swain Wagner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
Miss Marie Goucher Greene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     1
Miss Elizabeth Fairall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    2
Mrs. George H. Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
Miss Alice Paul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
Miss Helen Munroe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
                                                                               ----------
                                                                                    17
Previously acknowledged in The Suffragist . .  422
                                                                               ----------
Total to December 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  439

A Christmas Gift
HAVE you a friend who has not yet renewed her 
    subscription to The Suffragist?
AND are you trying to decide upon a Christmas
    gift for her?
THEN there is at least one name you can 
    check off your Christmas list today.
LET your gift be a year's subscription to The 
    Suffragist.
SEND in your check now, and we will send 
    you a beautiful Christmas subscription card 
    in its own envelope ready for mailing.
YOUR friend will receive it on Christmas 
    morning, and every week during the coming 
    year the Suffragist will bring to her the news 
    of the great and growing movement for the national 
    enfranchisement of women, and the memory 
    of your thoughtfulness and love.

Holiday Gifts 
In Fine Leather Wares at 
TOPHAM'S
1219 F Street
Wonderful Variety 
to Select from

MAYER BROS. & CO.
937 and 939 F Street N. W. 
LADIES' SUITS, COATS
AND MILLINERY

For Purity and Wholesomeness, 
Insist on
"The Velvet Kind"
ICE CREAM
'Tis Made in the Most Scientific and 
Sanitary Ice Cream Plant in the World
CHAPIN-SACKS
MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY

A Merry Christmas
Means a cheery business -- a prosperous business: if your
business lags try some good printing -- original composition --
use printing that "talks." Place your next order with C-P-Co.
and get the "cheery habit." We Grow 'Cause We Know
COLUMBIAN PRINTING COMPANY, INC.
815 Fourteenth Street N. W. 

Telephone Main 673
Lanman Engraving Co. 
HALF TONES, ZINC ETCHINGS
PROCESS ENGRAVERS
POST BUILDING   Washington, D. C.

"Good Goods at Right Prices"
Meyer's Military Shops
1327 F STREET NORTHWEST
DR. JAEGER'S WOMEN'S SWEATER COATS
SPORT HATS, AUTO RUGS AND SCARFS
Prices Very Reasonable

Phone Main 8384     Toilet Articles
GERTRUDE CLEMENS
Expert Shampooing and Hairdressing 
Room 232 Oxford Building, 726 14th Street N. W. 
Manicuring --Hair Work       Facial and Scalp Treatment
Open Evenings Until Seven

"THE BUSY CORNER"
S. Kann Sons & Co.
8TH ST. AND PENNA. AVE.
OPEN 9:00 A. M. -- CLOSE 5:45 P. M. 
Christmas
RIBBONS
Make Gifts Attractive
Tie Them With Ribbon
Narrow Satin Taffeta Ribbons, in various
colors, 10 yards in a piece.
Baby Ribbon, a piece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12c
No. 1 1/2, a piece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15c
No. 2, a piece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19c
Red and green (holly colors), narrow width,
    piece of 10 yards at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12c
No.1 1/2, a piece of 10 yards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15c
Fancy Flowered Ribbons --
No. 1 1/2, 10-yard piece, at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19c
No. 2, 10-yard piece, at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25c
Or a yard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4c
25c Fancy Dresden Ribbon, 5 inches wide, in 
   light and dark colorings, a yard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19c
RIBBON STORE -- STREET FLOOR

[*see letter of July 8 1915 HT Upton file to EM Smith
C.U.
See also p.7*]

The Ohio Woman
A WEEKLY PUBLICATION IN THE INTEREST OF WOMEN.

Vol. III. No. 13  COLUMBUS, OHIO, APRIL 1, 1914.  Established Oct. 25, 1912.
Entered as Second-Class Matter, December 12, 1912, at the Postoffice at Columbus, Ohio, under the Act of March 3, 1879.

OUR WASHINGTON LETTER.

The Congressional Union and Its Work.

The Congressional Union for Woman 
Suffrage is a body of women in all parts 
of the country who are working to secure 
the passage of an amendment to 
the United States Constitution, enfranchising 
women. It is open to all women 
who consider woman suffrage the main 
issue in National politics. The entrance 
fee is nominal, after which there are no 
dues, as it is known that every woman 
will contribute to the full extent of her 
ability.
The Union was formed during the 
latter part of April, 1913, and now has 
a very large membership all over the 
country, almost 1,000 members in the 
District of Columbia alone.
After the annual convention of the 
National American Woman Suffrage Association, 
Miss Alice Paul was appointed 
Chairman of the Congressional Committee. 
With her, serving on the committee 
as vice-chairman, was Miss Lucy 
Burns of Brooklyn. They very early in 
their experience in Washington realized 
the necessity of forming an organization 
which would devote its energies exclusively 
to Federal work. The object 
of the various associations composing 
the National is to work for state amendments, 
although every state association 
would naturally have welcomed a Federal 
amendment. After three months 
labor in the Capital, the Congressional 
Committee, with the consent and approval 
of the National Board, organized 
the Congressional Union, whose sold object 
is to push the Federal work.
No sooner had President Wilson taken 
the oath of office than a series of 
deputations were arranged. A deputation 
from the National Congress of 
Women Voters, the National American 
Woman Suffrage Association, and the 
College Equal Suffrage League. These 
deputations waited upon the President 
before he had sent any message to Congress 
to urge upon him the consideration 
of the Woman Suffrage cause. They 
were not surprised that he did not mention 
woman suffrage in his special message 
to Congress since this message confined 
itself primarily to Tariff Revision. 
The National American Woman Suffrage 
Association was meeting in Washington 
as guests of the Congressional Union 
when President Wilson sent his first 
regular message to Congress. He had 
been urged to incorporate some mention 
of woman suffrage in this message. 
When the message was on the street 
and it became known that it contained 
no mention of freedom to American 
women while considerable space was devoted 
to the freedom of Filipinos, a 
resolution was introduced and unanimously 
passed for another deputation to 
go and wait at once upon the President 
and request an explanation. A large 
committee of over fifty strong, appeared 
at the White House, on December 8th, 
1913, and were received by the President. 
In a very uncommital speech he 
took the illogical position that he could 
not urge upon Congress in messages, 
policies which had not had the organic 
consideration of his party. Wholly dissatisfied 
with the result of this mission, 
the Congressional Union at once began 
plans for a large deputation of working 
women representing all of the trades in 
which women are engaged, thinking 
that this perhaps would impress the 
President as no other single effort could. 
This deputation came four hundred 
strong from many states and endless 
numbers of trades, and interviewed 
the President again on February 2nd. This 
 time the President repeated in sum his 
previous announcement, although he 
seemed profoundly impressed. That he 
was not candid and sincere in his attitude 
was proved by the fact that on the 
5th of February he gave notice that he 
would endeavor to have repealed that 
portion of the Panama Canal Act which 
had to do with the exemption of American 
coastwise vessels, regarding free 
tolls in the Panama Canal. Mr. Wilson 
will have something to explain when he 
appears before the voting women of the 
country in another election.
On April 7th, 1913, a joint resolution 
proposing an amendment to the 
Constitution extending the right of suffrage 
to women, was introduced in the 
Senate by Senator George E. Chamberlain 
of Oregon, and in the House by 
Representative Frank W. Mondell, of 
Wyoming. It was referred on that same 
day in the Senate to the Woman Suffrage 
Committee, and in the House to 
the Judiciary Committee. It was reported 
in the Senate on June 13, 1913, 
the report being unanimously favorable.
It was later discussed on July 31st, 
1913, in the Senate, when petitioners 
came from every State in the Union 
bearing petitions. Twenty-three Senators
 spoke in favor and three opposing 
on this date. On September 18th, 1913, 
Senator Wesley L. Jones of Washington, 
demanded immediate action. On January 
21, 1914, Senator Ashurst of Arizona 
delivered a speech urging the passage 
of the amendment.
On last March 2nd, Senator Ashurst 
who had the bill in charge together with 
other Democratic leaders, began to push 
seriously for a vote, at the same time 
announcing that defeat was certain. 
Senator Ashurst succeeded in having the 
amendment made the unfinished business 
on March 2nd, which, of course,
(Continued on page 2.)

To Ohio Taxpayers.
Many people can not understand why 
their taxes are getting higher and higher 
all the time. The chief reason is 
that there are getting to be more and 
more commissions every year with high 
salaried commissioners. Then there are 
a few items of expense which counts up 
into the thousands of dollars that adds 
a little more burden to the taxpayers. 
Last year Ohio paid over $50,000.00 
for postage according to the State 
Auditor's report. In regard to postage 
the annual report of Auditor of State 
on page 36 says
"It has come to the attention of our 
department examiners, that some departments 
which receive small fees in 
postage, do not report the same as 
revenues, but use this postage for state 
purposes. In other departments postage 
is purchased in sums ranging from 
$20.00 to $50.00 and kept in unlocked 
drawers, easily accessible to all employees, 
including the janitor, and is 
disbursed without record."
If all the business of the State of 
Ohio is run as carelessly as the record 
of the purchase of $50,000.00 worth of 
postage is kept, our taxes will continue 
to get higher and higher. The chances 
are that there will be no abatement until 
some one takes a little time to look 
over the expenditure of the people's 
money. As a citizen of the State and a 
taxpayer the editor of the Ohio Woman 
will do some investigating along this 
line and report from time to time to the 
women taxpayers of this State through 
the Ohio Woman.
If women were as careless in their 
bookkeeping and and giving an account 
of the last quarter they spent, as the 
officials the men have selected to run 
the business of the State, there would 
be a great deal of domestic trouble, and 
lawyers would have more divorce cases 
to file. Men are very particular when 
their wives spend their money, but very 
careless when politicians spend the people's 
money. If women voted we would 
start an investigation of the expenditure 
of the people's money and we would begin 
at the State House and go through 
every public office.

Suffrage Schools in the South.
A spontaneous demand for a suffrage 
school arose in Alabama. It is now 
running two evenings a week, and will 
continue for six weeks. A great many 
school teachers are attending this 
school which is under the direction of 
Mrs. S. Bernard Stern.

Married women form a large part of 
the workers in England, yet some men 
say that women do not earn anything.

2 THE OHIO WOMAN

OUR WASHINGTON LETTER.
(Continued from page 1.)
meant an immediate vote at the conclusion of the debate.
The Congressional Union maintained that there was no excuse for a vote at this time - that it was a convenience to no one except the Democratic party, that the public opinion fast being created in the seven campaign states of the Union could not fail to create an overwhelming influence upon Congress. They knew to a certainty that the vote of six Senators had been won to the amendment during this session due to pressure at home. The Democratic party chose to force the measure and on March 19, the vote was taken - 35 for and 34 against. Although a majority, a two-thirds vote was needed, and the amendment was lost by only 11 votes. Nothing daunted, the Congressional Union on the following day, March 20th, re-introduced through Senator Bristow of Kansas, the Federal Amendment. It was therefore not out of the Senate 24 hours.
At a hearing on December 3rd, before the Rules Committee in the House of Representatives, a special committee on Woman Suffrage was demanded. This even the President of the United States conceded to be the proper thing. However, after the Christmas recess, the Rules Committee, having been urged by various deputations to take action, brought out an adverse decision. The Congressional Union being unwilling to take this decision as final, circulated a caucus call, in which they were successful. On the evening of February 4th, the Democratic Caucus decided to evade the question by introducing a substitute resolution in which it was maintained that the question of Woman Suffrage was a State question and not a Federal one. Failing to secure a special Woman Suffrage Committee in the House, the Congressional Union on the morning of February 5th sent a delegation to wait upon Chairman Clayton, of the Judiciary Committee, asking that he set a date for a hearing in the House. The 3rd of March was given, and a remarkable hearing took place, during which all of the speakers for the Congressional Union made the point that the question of Woman Suffrage had now assumed political importance, and that it would not do for the Democratic Party to go on record as unalterably opposed to so just a measure. 
Through the columns of "The Suffragist," the official weekly organ of the Union, immense opportunity for spreading abroad the positions taken by various members of Congress, is afforded. Mrs. Rheta Childe Dorr is the able editor, and not the slightest advantage is overlooked by her. With one-fifth of the present Senate, one-seventh of the present House and one-sixth of the electoral vote coming from States where women vote, the women of America have a mighty lever in their hands. That this lever will be used is absolutely assured, for when the women of the voting States are thoroughly aroused to the power which they have in their hands to enfranchise their sisters, they will be quick to act.
"The Suffragist" is the only woman's political newspaper in the United States, and therefore occupies an unique position.

SHOPPERS' GUIDE

Stationery. Office Supplies.
A. E. KRAUSS PRINT SHOP
30 East Broad St., Columbus, Ohio.
Chamber of Commerce Bldg.
Bell Phone M. 2779. Citizens 7503.

BUY ELLIOTT'S SHOES
Fine Footwear at Reasonable Prices
34 E. Main St.  Columbus, Ohio

WALL PAPER
Wholesale & Retail - Pictures & Frames.
FRED V. PRICE & CO.,
112-114 E. Long St.
Cit. 6529. Bell Main 1507

Groceries, Meats and Provisions, Butter, Eggs and Poultry.
Special sales on Saturday and Monday.
K. L. WORLEY
Bell N. 247, Cit. 6775. 52 E. Fifth Ave.

When In Need of a Plumber Call
Citizen 4043, Bell Main 1711
FARRINGTON
29 1/2 EAST SPRING STREET

Dr. E. H. Bean, Osteopath
and Diet Specialist
20 E. Broad.

FASHIONABLE TAILORING
For Ladies and Gentlemen
CLEANING AND REPAIRING
H. GUREVITZ
4 1/2 W. Goodale St.  Bell M. 676

PRICE
May be an inducement but QUALITY and SERVICE are reasons-
Be reasonable and have your printing done where you can have the advantages of quality and service as well as Price.
THE EDWARD T. MILLER CO.
Everything from a card to a catalouge.
136-140 East Gay St.
Columbus, Ohio.

YOU CAN SAVE LOTS OF MONEY AT
Heaton's MUSIC STORE
231 NORTH HIGH STREET
THE PIANO CENTER OF COLUMBUS

OPTICIAN
All of my testing and fitting is personally conducted. That's the only way I'd ever know how well it's done.
R. E. GRAVES,
Opposite the Regalia  302 E. Long St.

STAPLE AND FANCY GROCERY
P. H. KENNEDY
517 and 517 St. Clair Avenue
Phones - Citizen 5400; Bell East 1062

SEE
NORTHRIDGE
FIRST
The Thompson-Thompson Co.
418 Savings & Trust Bldg., 8 E. Long St.
Cit. 5249, 6383  Bell M. 3939

MIKESELLS PHARMACY
Successor Geo. B. Morse.)
Immediate delivery of any goods in our store. Delivered anywhere in the city for the same price.
Our Soda Fountain has been re-opened for permanent business.
Corner St. Clair and Leonard
Citizens 9265. Bell East 1507

SIGNS
Oil Cloth, Muslin, Show Cards, Windows, Metal Signs, Walls, Electrical, Pictorial Work. Picture Framing.
B. T. LITTLETON
941 Mt. Vernon Avenue
Cit. 6840  Bell East 2549

All kinds of umbrellas and parasols repaired and re-covered. John Heinzle, 349 East Long St. - Adv.

SEND YOUR PRINTING TO
The Evans Printing Company
and Save Time and Money
138 EAST SPRING STREET   COLUMBUS, OHIO

HIGH GRADE PIANOS AT LOW PRICES
Because We Have Very Low Expense - Please Call and Examine Our Pianos.
A. T. HARMON
Player Pianos a Specialty - Repairing and Tuning.
1183 NORTH HIGH STREET   COLUMBUS, OHIO


THE OHIO WOMAN 3

Equal Franchise

Franklin County Woman Suffrage Meetings.
April 3, 2:30 p. m., Eastwood Congregational Church, Mrs. Wolf will speak.
April 8, 2:30 a. m., Mrs. Wolf will speak to the Otterbein students at Westerville.
April 8, 7:30 p. m., Olentangy, Mrs. Wolf will speak.
April 9, 2:30 p. m., Congregational Church, Ladies' Aid Society.
April 10, Townsend Bible class.
April 12, Typographical Union.
April 14, Parlor Meeting, Mrs. Sheredans.
April 17, 2:30 p.m., Mothers' meeting at the South Congregational Church.
April 17, Maple Heights, Mifflin Township.

Youngstown Suffragists Elect New Officers.
Youngstown, O., April 1. - Mrs. Ethel Vorce of Cleveland addressed the annual meeting of the suffrage party of Youngstown yesterday afternoon at 120 North Phelps Street.
The business session opened by a short address by Mrs. Sarah J. Paterson, the retiring chairman. The following new officers were elected: Chairman, Miss Katharine Norris; first vice chairman, Mrs. T. I. Bray; second vice chairman, Mrs. E. F. Douglass Rie; secretary, Mrs. Harry Guggenheim; corresponding secretary, Mrs. H. C. Hoffman; and treasurer, Mrs. Nell Pyle.
The membership of Mahoning County is now 850. There are only two wards in Youngstown unorganized. Mrs. Vorce said in her address that suffrage is democratic and means the regeneration of the world.

Cleveland Women Open Exchange.
Today the Cleveland Woman's Exchange was formally opened at the Woman Suffrage headquarters at 1706 Euclid Ace. Miss Evelyn Dignum, who came from Toronto, Canada, for the purpose, is in charge of the exchange, and will show its Easter exhibits of needlework and home cooking.

Woman Manager Iowa Republican Party.
For the first time in the practical history of Iowa the reins of the Republican Party have been given into the hands of a woman. Mrs. Emma K. Blaise of Des Moines has just been made manager of organization work of the party.

Minnesota has over 45,000 women wage earners.

LEGAL NOTICE.
James Hutmier, whose residence is unknown, will take notice that on December 3, 1913, Fannie F. Hutmier filed her petition in the Court of Common Pleas, Franklin County, Ohio, being case number 66626, praying for a divorce from the said James Hutmier on the grounds of gross neglect of duty. Said cause will be for hearing on and after April 16, 1914.
E. E. CORWIN,
Attorney for Plaintiff.

TOWN PRINTING COMPANY
62 1/2 East Long Street.
UP-TO-DATE PROMPT PRINTING
"The Good Quality Kind."
Telephone, Bell Main 6389.

See S. GOLDBERG for your next
SHOE REPAIRING
All Work Guaranteed
1231 N. High  Just North of 5th Ave.

OHIO MUSIC SALES CO.
Guarantees Quality at a Great Saving.
If it's Musical, We Have It.
319-20 McCUNE BLDG.

LEGAL NOTICE
Claude Van Meter, whose residence is unknown, will take notice that on March 18, 1914, Florence Van Meter filed her petition in the Court of Common Pleas, Franklin County, Ohio, being cause number 67282, praying for a divorce from the said Claude Van Meter on the grounds of gross neglect of duty and extreme cruelty. Said cause will be for hearing on and after May 14, 1914.
F. A. SIEGEL,
Attorney for Plaintiff.

SHOPPERS' GUIDE (Continue)

ART PRINTING COMPANY
386 EAST MAIN STREET
Citizen 17791

COME ONE! COME ALL!
GOOD THINGS TO EAT
AT 77 E. GAY ST - Tables for Ladies

Deal with us, and you make money. If you do not deal with us, we both lose money.
BEST BRANDS OF FLOUR.
PENN'S EXPRESS AND FEED COMPANY
SPECIALIZE IN EXPRESS AND FEED.
1348 North High Street, Columbus, Ohio.
Citizens 9705 - Bell North 4139.

Diamonds, Watches, Silverware, and High-Grade Jewelry.
Watch and Jewelry Repairing, Engraving and Stone Setting.
L. J. SEFF
JEWELER
242 E. Main St, Cor. 5th St., Columbus, O.

We Are Experts in Carpet Cleaning.
ATLAS CARPET CLEANING COMPANY
Renovators of Carpets, Rugs, etc. Carpets Refit, Sewed and Relaid.
Work Called For and Delivered. We Guarantee Prompt Service.
Bell East 3091. Citizen 7500.   801 E. FULTON ST.

For High Class MILLINERY
GO TO
The Big Wholesale House on East Chestnut Street. We retail at Wholesale Prices.
THE COLUMBUS MILLINERY SUPPLY CO.
Just a Few Steps from High.   51-53 E. CHESTNUT STREET

Decorating
Painting, Paperhanging and Picture Framing
645 E. Main St., Columbus, Ohio
Bell Main 2406  Citizens 5448
C. E. REED

HOT WEATHER NECESSITIES
WESTINGHOUSE FAN
WESTINGHOUSE IRON
"Divide the cost by the years they last"
THE AVERY-LOEB ELECTRICAL CO.
114-116 East Third St.
Both Phones

4 THE OHIO WOMAN

The Ohio Woman
Official Organ of the Ohio Woman's Taxpayers' League.
Published by
THE OHIO WOMAN PUBLISHING CO.
Office - 204 Union National Bank Bldg.,
Columbus, Ohio.
Telephones - Citizens 7073, Bell Main 3864
Subscription Rates (Payable in Advance)
One Year $1.00
Six Months 50 cents
Three Months 25 cents
H. ANNA QUINBY, Editor and Bus. Mgr.
ALICE E. BOWER, Circulation Manager
EVERY BUSINESS WOMAN owes it to herself and to the public good to subscribe for this paper. Questions of interest and profit to women are discussed in every issue. Send in your subscription now.
Vol. III. April 1, 1914. No. 12.

Wanted, Men for the Army.
Everywhere over the United States one can see posted up on bill boards and hanging in country post offices and interurban stations large highly colored posters advertising for men to join the army. The government holds out the temptation of an easy life, good pay and a chance to see the world. To the country boy who has never had an opportunity to travel this poster appeals. The government is not satisfied to man its great battleships and fill its barracks with ordinary young men. Only the highest type of young manhood is wanted. Young men who have good habits, who have good teeth and eyes, and possess high arched insteps to enable them to take long marches. None but the most perfect physically are accepted.
These young men, many of them under 21 years of age, are armed with the latest improved and most deadly weapons. These young men go out to battle, to kill and be killed, for what? To protect the property of great corporations and trusts. Wars are brought on to sell ammunition and war supplies. To create a sale for battleships and army supplies. All Americans are out of Mexico and now what right has the United States to send our American boys down to Mexico to be slaughtered? By their death what would Mexico or the United States gain? Along with the boys who go to Mexican border is sent a good supply of coffins.
In the interurban office at Chillicothe not long ago hung a poster which appealed to our American boys to join the army. In a scrawly handwriting, evidently the work of some boy who realized what was meant, was written "Murder for $13.00 per month."
It is murder when two men get into a quarrel and one is killed. It is murder when two nations or two sections of a country get into a controversy and many hundreds or thousands are killed. The taking of life, whether sanctioned by law or not, is murder and the people of the twentieth century ought to be civilized enough to settle their differences without resorting to bloodshed.
No mother has raised her son for the army or navy. It is too much for any country to ask of the mothers to rear sons to engage in a murderous business. Women love peace and if they could vote they would elect officials to Congress who would be slow to declare war. If the United States trusts have property in Mexico let them employ Mexicans to defend it. The Mexicans are mostly of Indian and Spanish descent and are very war like. For the last ten years there has been going on in Mexico one revolution after another and when this present war is over we have no assurance that the Mexican question is settled. Let us keep our American boys at home and give them some useful employment instead of encouraging them to lead useless lives or sacrificing them on the altar of the greed of trusts.
Since the cost of living has gotten so high every able bodied man is needed at home to produce some wealth and make this country a better place in which to live.

Suffragists to Oppose Asquith at Elections.
Militant suffragists are preparing for an active campaign against Premier Asquith in the election through which he will seek re-election to the House of Commons from East Fife. The election has been set for April 15.

Montana Senator Hopeful.
Washington, D. C., April 1. - Senator Myers believes that woman suffrage will carry in Montana at the coming fall elections. The fact that both senators from Montana supported the woman suffrage amendment, Senator Myers voting for it, and the authorized announcement that Senator Walsh would have voted for it had he been present, encouraged the Congressional Committee of the National Suffrage Association to believe that Montana is likely to swing into line with other suffrage States of the west. Senator Myers shares that view.
"I have not been in Montana for more than a year," said Senator Myers when asked as to the situation in that State, "but I believe that woman suffrage is going to carry in that State. There is a strong sentiment for it. We are surrounded by woman suffrage States and are not likely to be left out there alone as a single exception.
Senator Myers added in reply to a question, that he believed it was only a question of time until woman suffrage would be extended throughout the entire country. The gain which it is making everywhere convinces him that it will continue to grow in popularity.
The Congressional Committee asserts that after the November elections one-half of the territory of the United States will be suffrage; that the entire region west of the Mississippi River parallel will be suffrage territory with the single exceptions of Texas and New Mexico. It is confidently expected that in the elections in November, Montana, Nevada, North and South Dakota and Nebraska will be added to the list of suffrage States, which will insure ten more States and one-half of the territorial area of the country.

New York City Activities.
The days are full of big events for the benefit of suffrage work. Ending on March 28th a four days' cosmopolitan fete was given by the Woman Suffrage Party at the 71st Regiment Armory, where all countries were represented, showing native houses, native products for sale, and attendants in native costumes.
On April 17th the Men's League will hold a great historical pageant and ball at the 71st Regiment Armory. Five hundred people will be in the cast. The scenes will represent six periods of American life.

COLUMBUS
NEW METHOD SHOE REPAIR
COMPANY
Will Repair Your Shoes Neatly at Reasonable Rates. Give us a trial.
Ladies' Waiting Room.
THEODORE ERNST, Proprietor
Citizen 6360   129 E. Long St.

LADIES' & GENTS' TAILORING
$2 Skirts My Specialty. Suits $15 Up
WILLIAM J. GILES
331 East Main St.   Columbus, O.

American Ostrich Feather Works
Curling, Cleaning, Dyeing, Shading and Matching Colors
French Plumes, Bands, Pon-Pons, Etc., Made from Old Willow Plumes. Fancy Effects, etc, Made to Order. Marabout and Ostrich Muffs and Scarfs Cleaned and Dyed. Our Work Guaranteed.
B. F. FROELICH
Phone Bell M. 5763  9 1/2 S. High
Capitol Square   Columbus, O.

Get a Columbus Made Combination Vacuum Cleaner and Sweeper,
Manufactured by
THE SELF WASHING MACHINE COMPANY
Corner WALL and HICKORY STREETS
For Demonstration Call Main 6729. Porch Flower Boxes Made to Order.

FRUIT and VEGETABLES
Why spend your time and car fare to go to market when you can buy the choicest fruit and vegetables at the same price near your home? Open late in the evening.
JOHN HASSEY, 1090 North High Street



THE OHIO WOMAN   5

W.C.T.U. Activities
Mrs. Eleanor Arnold, Editor,
467 N. Garfield Ave., Columbus, Ohio.
Phone, Citz. 9062.

NOTICE
News items and articles for this page should be sent directly to Mrs. Arnold and should reach her not later than Monday morning of the week intended for publication.

FRANKLIN COUNTY W.C.T.U.
DIRECTORY
President Mrs. H. D. Van Kirk
32 Innis Ave.
Corresponding Sec'y Miss Emma Mitchell
128 Buttles Ave.
Recording Sec'y Mrs. Emma Campbell
1565 S. High St.
Treasurer Mrs. Eleanor Moore Arnold
467 N. Garfield Ave.

Stark County Mothers Ask for Pensions.
Canton, O., April 1. - The Juvenile Court was crowded today with indigent mothers asking aid from the county. There were 100 mothers in all to apply for assistance under the new mothers' pension law. Juvenile Judge Krichbaum listened with great interest to trials and hardships of these mothers who were either widows or deserted by their husbands. Each woman was asked how many children she had and how much money she earned.

Cleveland Women Ask for Women Food Inspectors.
Cleveland members of the Consumers' League are asking the city council to appoint women food inspectors. During the year the League has added 200 new members.

300 Local Option Elections in Illinois.
The distillers and brewers try to make the people believe that more liquor is sold in dry territory than wet. If that is true the liquor men should not be afraid of woman suffrage in Illinois. April 7 there will be over 300 local option elections in Illinois and with woman suffrage it looks like there will be 300 and more dry towns and cities in the Prairie State.

Suffragists Send Flowers to Legislators.
Mississippi State suffrage workers are highly gratified at the attitude of the members of the Legislature toward the question of enfranchising the women of Mississippi. The responsiveness and great interest, as well as the courtesy shown the suffragists by the members of both Houses were such that a note of thanks and flowers were sent them by the officers. The bill raising the age of protection is now a law, as it passed the Senate without debate.

Not a Man Spoke Against Suffrage.
At the hearing of the bill giving women the right to vote for presidential electors before the Senate Committee on Judiciary of Rhode Island not a man offered to say a single word against woman suffrage.

There are over 200,000 trained women nurses in the United States.

Women Minimum Wage Commissions.
Mrs. Katharine Williamson and Mrs. Hattie Slothower have been appointed members of the newly created woman's minimum wage commission of Colorado by Gov. E. M. Ammons.
Mrs. Williamson is a member of the Typographical Union and actively engaged in her profession. She was formerly a state factory inspector. Mrs. Slothower has never had a public office.
The third member of the commission is a man.

The Brown-Myers Co.
SHERMAN D. BROWN, General Manager.
GLENN L. MYERS, Assistant Manager.
MODERN FUNERAL DIRECTORS
MOTOR HEARSE
MOTOR LIMOUSINES
MOTOR AMBULANCE
Also Horse-Drawn Vehicles.
Lady Attendant.
741 NORTH HIGH STREET.
Cits. 5907  Bell, North 3.
Citizens Phone 9906.   Bell, N. 1334

$2 will place a piano in your home without further cost for 3 months. The The well Chase Bros. instruments. Weldon-Harwick-Moore Piano Co., Inc., 19 E. Town St., Second Floor, Citizen 8636, Bell Main 5516. (Advertisement)

LUNCH 11 to 2
The Euclid Lunch
GREEN-JOYCE RESTAURANT
Good things to eat quite like one gets at home.
Afternoon Club Lunch a Specialty.
SELF SERVE   WAITERS' SERVICE

CHOICE MEATS
Wholesale and retail. Kettle rendered lard. Hotels and restaurants supplied on short notice.
R. WILKE
130-136 E. Rich St.   1 & 2 East Market
1185 W. Broad St.
Phones - Bell M. 5365; Citizens 9264

YOU can have mainspring put in your watch for 50c; elsewhere $1. Guaranteed one year. Skuller, 18 E. Town. Adv.

Citizens Phone 14644. Bell, North 2372
Fine Residences a Specialty
C. A. SIBLEY
General Contractor
103 W. Patterson Ave. Columbus, Ohio

Buy Mattresses at Factory Prices
ANTIQUE FURNITURE bought, sold, or exchanged.
GOLDSMITH'S MATTRESS AND UPHOLSTERING MANUFACTORY
Cit. Phone 9071. 464 E. LONG ST.

Bell Telephone, Hilltop 2074 - Citizens 3753
S. F. STEPHENS
FLORIST
Cut Flowers for All Occasions. Bedding Plants of all kinds, at Greenlawn Cemetery Gate. Prompt deliveries to all parts of the city.

Dissolution Sale
1000 umbrellas to be closed out at cost on or before April 1st.
KNOBB & SCHMIDT
Headquarters for Hats & Umbrellas
Bell Main 946
106 E. Main St.   Columbus, Ohio

THE HILLTOP UNDERTAKING CO.
Modern Funeral Directors,
2573 W. Broad St.
F. L. Sifirt, Manager.
Bell Ph., Hilltop 2781. Lady embalmer.

C. E. Blakely I. R. Denton R. L. Donaldson
Blakely, Denton & Donaldson
Funeral Directors
313 EAST TOWN STREET.
Office, Mortuary Chapel & Private Morgue.
COLUMBUS, OHIO.
Office Phones: Cit. 9361 - Bell Main 6963

BONNIE H. GREGORY
1223 N. HIGH STREET  ONE DOOR NORTH OF FIFTH AVE. BANK
Bell Phone, 5452 North
STORE OPEN EVENING   Engraving FREE

The City National Bank of Columbus

6   THE OHIO WOMAN

HEALTH and DIET
By Dr. E. H. Bean, 20 East Broad Street
Those persons who are too fat and those who are too lean are alike diseased. The digestive apparatus of the obese individual is sufficiently strong to clumsily digest the over supply of fat-forming foods handed to it, and the assimilating organs succeed in hoarding what cannot be used. The digestive apparatus of the individual who is too lean fails to pass all the material on to the blood because of sheer inability to do so, and what it does turn over to the blood is laden with poisons. Both individuals are breaking down their nervous systems and building organic diseases. The learn person should not eat the fat-forming foods to become heavier, for it is not the lack of them that built his leanness, and let me emphasize that his leanness is manufactured, and not natural nor the result of uncontrollable causes. I recognize that some are naturally smaller than others, but I am speaking of the ones who are underweight.
The fat-forming foods are those laden with carbon and sugar, and also the fatty foods. Potatoes, bread, cake, pastry, hominy, candy, sugar, preserves, fat meat, cream and butter are among the leading fat-producing foods, but they are not harmful for that reason. Coffee, tea, tobacco, beer, and alcoholics stimulate and increase the amount of food ingested, and prove to be an important factor in the production of too much fat.
There are three factors in the building of a body burdened with too much fat. One is the necessity of a digestive system of sufficient strength; another is the taking of too much of the fat-producing foods, and the third is the lack of foods containing certain salts and minerals. This latter factor should be emphasized for it explains why many persons eating too much of the fat-forming foods do not become obese. They also eat a large amount of fresh fruits and vegetables. These three factors being present one is likely to have a surplus of fatty tissue. If only two of them exist one is not likely to become very stout.
Foods laden with carbon and sugar are the ones that makes fat when other proper conditions are present. And the one other condition that must be present which I emphasize is the lack of certain salts and minerals. Those who are too fat should substitute the salt and mineral substances in their diet for the carbon and sugar. These salts and minerals are found in a large number of different articles of diet, even some are found in the fat-forming foods, but they are plentiful in raw fresh fruits and raw fresh vegetables. Cooking of fruits and vegetables destroys a part of their vitality and while these mineral and salt substances are found in cooked fruits and vegetables they are devitalized and not so efficient. On the other hand raw vegetables are constipating. And these facts should lead you to see how impossible it is for one to cure themselves of disease. If they try to correct one error they jump into another. It is only the one who knows all sides of the subject that can direct the cure wisely. Those who are far about weight should eat nothing but fruits until they are within twenty-five or fifty pounds of their normal weight. Then eat freely of fruits and vegetables, especially of the raw ones. In time they will find they can eat some of the fat-forming foods without the production of extra fat.

Miss Mary Kennedy is a candidate for Mayor of Mount Carroll, Ill. She is the daughter of a former Mayor of the town and belongs to one of the best known families.

SHOPPERS' GUIDE (Continued)

YOU can have mainspring put in your watch for 50c; elsewhere $1. Guaranteed one year. Skuller, 18 E. Town. - Adv.

THE COTT PRINTING AND INDEX CO.
QUICK PRINTERS
On the Viaduct, Columbus, Ohio

Dissolution Sale.
Everything to be sold at cost. Full line of clocks, watches and jewelry. William Callif, 302 E. Main St. - Adv.

GORDON & LEVIN TAILORING CO.
Suits and Overcoats Made to Order
Bell East 4046
903-905 Mt. Vernon Ave., Columbus, O.

Ladies' and Gents' Tailor.
Dry cleaning, pressing and repairing.
A COHEN,
369 East Long St.

Ladies' and Gents' Tailor.
Cleaning, pressing and repairing. Goods called for and delivered.
B. KAPLOVITZ,
329 N. 20th St.

HORNBROOK'S SHOE REPAIR CO.
(Kenny and Conway successors.)
654 N. High St.   Main 185; Citz. 4956.
We call for and deliver. Work guaranteed.

SMITH'S DRY CLEANING CO.
Work called for and delivered. Office 23 West State St. Works 463-67 Stauring St. Citz. 9020; Bell, Main 4789.

G. C. HANCOCK ELEC. CO.
Phone Main 1605  311 W. Broad St.
We Are Prepared To Do All Kinds of Electrical Work at Moderate Prices By Experienced Men.
Old house wiring a specialty. We also carry a line of Gas Mantles, Burners and Globes, and are agents for Sterling Mazda Lamps.

PURITY
Absolute purity of Drugs is essential to successful medication. If drugs are not pure they cannot give results.
OUR DRUGS ARE ALL PURE.
HIGH-KING DRUG COMPANY
King Ave. & High St. Phone, Bell N. 5374

Kampmann Costume Works
237 SOUTH HIGH ST.  COLUMBUS, O.
Costumes and Supplies for
Amateur Theatricals.
Plays, Recitors, and Books on Entertainments. Oddities and Novelties that can be found in no other store.
The Only Real Novelty Store in Columbus.

ONE LOOK MEANS A LOT
If you want an investment or home, look for THE BEST on the market. Our prices and improvements insure you a profit. Dominion Park Lots are the best for savings. We will send an automobile to take you to see this or any of our high class properties. You are under no obligations to purchase. Just let us show you.
THE DOMINION LAND CO.
705 Cols. Sav. & Tr. Bldg, Columbus, O.

PLUMBING AND HEATING
Contractors
McGRATH & NOBLE
Bell North 5873  10 E. Fifth Ave.

O. P. GALLO
THE TAILOR
Citz. 4894  3rd Floor, Deshler Block
TAILOR FOR MEN AND WOMEN

RUSOFF & MATTLIN
FIRST-CLASS LADIES' TAILORING
At Reasonable Prices
Room 314-15 McCune Bldg.
Citz. 9280  49 1/2 N. HIGH

SHOES REPAIRED
We "heal" your shoes and save your "souls" in 15 minutes.
M. WIDER
The Reliable Shoe Repairer
530 North High Street

The Marietta Paint & Color Company
44 EAST CHESTNUT ST.
THE HOME OF WOOD FINISHING MATERIALS
Citizen Phone 7044 - Bell Main 5233
Paints, Leads, Oils, Brushes, Stencils, Bronzes, Etc.

SICKNESS - ACCIDENT - DEATH
INSURANCE
That Pays While You Live
FEDERAL CASUALTY CO.
I. T. Underwood, District Manager
210 Union National Bank Building,
Columbus, Ohio.
100 AGENTS WANTED.



THE OHIO WOMAN   7

New Bill Substituted.
Washington, D. C., March 20. - The Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage has re-introduced, through Senator Bristow, of Kansas, the bill which was defeated yesterday. The Congressional Union absolutely refuses to accept, as a substitute, the roundabout bill providing for a national initiative and referendum on suffrage, introduced today by the National American Woman Suffrage Association. This measure would necessitate first, the long process of amending the National Constitution, and then, the collecting of initiative petitions and the referendum in thirty-eight states. To accept such a measure would delay suffrage many years.
The Congressional Union will leave no stone unturned to secure the passage of the original bill this session. It announced that the measure would lose if voted on at this time, and did everything possible to prevent a premature vote. The result of yesterday showed that this judgment was well founded. There is great reason to believe, however, that the amendment will pass before the end of this season.
This year, for the first time in the history of the country, a majority Committee on Suffrage has been secured in the Senate. For the first time, a unanimous favorable report has been made. For the first time since 1887, the measure has been debated in Congress, constant discussion having taken place since July, when twenty-two men spoke on behalf of the amendment and three against it. In view of this strength of sentiment, and in view of the fact that the change of only eleven votes yesterday would have meant victory, it would be the height of folly to abandon the fight for a federal suffrage amendment and begin a campaign for a national initiative and referendum instead. To such a doomsday type of bill the Congressional Union is unalterably opposed.

LEGAL NOTICE.
Wilson J. Rusk, whose residence is unknown, will take notice that on the 25th day of November, 1913, Mary Rusk filed her petition in the Court of Common Pleas, Franklin County, Ohio, No. 66576, praying for a divorce from the said Wilson J. Rusk on the grounds of gross neglect of duty and extreme cruelty. Said cause will be for hearing on and after the 11th day of April, 1914.
JOY H. HUNT,
Attorney for Plaintiff.

LEGAL NOTICE.
Morris La Vail, whose last known address was 509 Ashland Building, Chicago, Illinois, will take notice that on the 25th day of February, 1914, Lucile La Vail filed her petition in the Court of Common Pleas, Franklin County, Ohio, No. 67150, praying for a divorce from the said Morris La Vail on the grounds of gross neglect of duty and extreme cruelty. Said cause will be for hearing on and after the 11th day of April, 1914.
LUCILE LA VAIL,
By J. J. McGee, her attorney.

LEGAL NOTICE.
Sylvester P. Witt, whose residence is unknown, will take notice that on the 23d day of March, 1914, Mae Witt filed her petition in the Court of Common Pleas of Franklin County, Ohio, No. 67311, praying a divorce from him on the grounds of extreme cruelty and wilful absence for more than three years last past. Said cause will be for hearing on and after May 7th, 1914.
RALPH MERCHANT,
Attorney.

GREENE COUNTY DIRECTORY
Twelve weeks' trial subscriptions to the Ohio Woman for 10 cents. Send 10 trial subscriptions to the Ohio Woman and get the paper free one year.

SHOES AND OXFORDS
For the Whole Family
MOSER'S SHOE STORE
XENIA, OHIO

MANICURING
Head Massage - Shampooing
MRS. HARRIET RALLS
321 E. Market St.   XENIA, O.

F. J. H. SCHELL
THE JEWELER
XENIA - - - OHIO

DRUGS
D. D. JONES
43 E. Main St.  XENIA, O.

BEST WISHES
W. M. NEELD & SON
XENIA, OHIO

ANDERSON'S FLOWER STORE
101 West Main Street
XENIA, OHIO

KAISER'S LAUNDRY
BOTH PHONES
XENIA - OHIO

SNIDER'S BAKERY
113 E. Main Street   XENIA, O.

PRACTICAL PLUMBER
A. T. PRICE
33 Green St.   XENIA, O.

KANY
THE LEADING TAILOR
XENIA, OHIO

NEWS STAND
Candy, Daily Papers, Post Cards
EDWIN C. WALLEY
Next Door to Interurban Station
XENIA, OHIO

Penny Booster Stamps.
"Vote for women" stickers for letters and bundles are for sale by the Greene County W. C. T. U. These stamps retail for one cent each, but suffrage clubs and temperance organizations can secure them for 50 cents per 100. Address Mrs. Milo Snodgrass, Xenia, Ohio.
(Advertisement)

Cleaning, Dyeing, Repairing & Pressing
XENIA DRY CLEANING CO.
H. C. Peters & Sons, Proprietors
Bell Phone 401-W.  Cit. Phone 207
29 Green St.   XENIA, O.

Harness, Trunks, Dress Suit Cases, Motorcycles and Edison's New Disk and Cylinder Phonographs.
J. VANDERPOOL   Xenia, O.

XENIA CANDY KITCHEN
All Home Made Candies and Ice Cream
27 E. Main St.   XENIA, O.

CANBY'S ART GALLERY
LEADING PHOTOGRAPHER
34 E. Main St.   XENIA, O.

MODERN SHOE REPAIR CO.
Shoes Repaired While You Wait
JULIUS JACOBSON
25 W. Main St.  XENIA, O.

MARTHA J. DOUGHERTY, D. C.
CHIROPRACTOR
26 S. Detroit St.  XENIA, O.

FOR JOB PRINTING
See
KIERNAN, THE PRINTER MAN
32 E. Main St.   XENIA, O.

J. H. WHITMER
(Successor to Johnson & Dean)
UNDERTAKER
22 E. Market St.   XENIA, O.
Both Phones 68

SKJDOO LUNCH ROOM
Hot and Cold Lunch at All Hours.
Best to Be Had at All Times.
CLEAN AND SANITARY.
EBY & MEAHL   Xenia, Ohio

Do Your Feet Hurt?
Then don't wear shoes of poor quality and workmanship. Remember the sweetness of low prices seldom equal the bitterness of poor quality. Be fitted in a pair of our shoes and enjoy comfort, style and real shoe making.
MELLAGE BOOT SHOP
FOOT FITTERS
COMPLETE REPAIR DEPARTMENT

8 THE OHIO WOMAN

Practical Styles at Reasonable Prices
MISS JOSEPHINE SELB
MILLINER
Bell M. 568  474 E. Main St.

Chas L. Vogel  W. P. Vogel
VOGEL DECORATING CO.
Successors to Kaiser & Son
434 South High Street
INTERIOR DECORATING
Wall Paper Molding, Painting and Hardwood 
Finishing. Floors a Specialty
Cit. 3422 Estimates Furnished M. 2045

DR. C. A. WALL
(Painless)
DENTIST
All Work Done by Appointment
311 1/2 South High Street
Citz. 9010  Opposite Southern Hotel

C. L. DOLLE & SONS, Transfer and 
Storage, 2080 N. High St. Bell North 
1193; Citz. 13982. (Adv.)

We do all kinds of VULCANIZING on 
CASING and INNER TUBES, and carry 
material for all makes of casings and inner 
tubes.
CARL H. PAUSCH,
Auto Tire and Tube Repairing,
608 SOUTH HIGH STREET, COLUMBUS, O.
Office Cit. Phone 7432. Res. Phone Cit. 7973

Groceries, Meats and Vegetables.
Special attention given to telephone 
orders. Quick delivery. Give us a trial. 
Fred. M. Orr, corner Northwood and N. 
High Streets, Columbus, O. Phone Bell 
N. 953. (Advertisement.)

Windsor Avenue Transfer Company, 
Cit. 8525, N. 2612, Packer, Crater. 
F. H. Binkley. -Adv.

LEGAL NOTICE
John William Vaughan will take notice 
that Mary Jane Vaughan has filed her petition 
against him for divorce and custody 
of children, in cause Number 67309 of the 
Common Pleas Court of Franklin County, 
Ohio, on the grounds of gross neglect of 
duty and extreme cruelty, and that said 
cause will be for hearing on or after May 
8th, 1914. MARY JANE VAUGHAN.
JAMES B. YAW, Attorney for Plaintiff.

LEGAL NOTICE.
Harry Miller, whose residence is unknown, 
will take notice that on Feb. 16, 
1914, Catharine Miller filed her petition 
for divorce on the grounds of gross neglect 
of duty in the Court of Common 
Pleas, Franklin County, Ohio, cause No. 
67100. Said cause will be for hearing on 
and after April 11, 1914.
E. E. CORWIN,
6w  Attorney for Plaintiff.

STATEMENT of ownership, management, 
circulation, etc. of The Ohio Woman, 
published weekly at Columbus, Ohio, required 
by the Act of August 24, 1912.
Editor, H. Anna Quinby, Columbus, O.
Managing Editor, none.
Business manager, H. Anna Quinby, Columbus, 
O.
Publisher, The Ohio Woman Publishing 
Company, Columbus, O.
Owners (if a corporation, give names 
and addresses of stockholders holding 1 
per cent or more of total amount of stock)
H. Anna Quinby, Columbus, O.
Alice E. Bower, Columbus, O.
Catherine Sibley, Columbus, O.
Mary A. R. Toole, Columbus, O.
Sara C. Swaney, Columbus, O.
H. ANNA QUINBY, Business Mgr.
Sworn to and subscribed before me this 
2nd day of April, 1914.
GEO. J. MEDBERY
(Seal) Notary Public.
Franklin Count, O.
My commission expires Feb. 18, 1916.

WOMEN IN BUSINESS

OSTEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN
Dr. Mary M. Dyer, 16 S. 3rd St. M. 1235; 
Cit. 6858.

SCHOOL BOOKS AND NOVELTIES.
Mary B. Allen, 678 E. Long St. Cit. 7565.

Bell Phone, North 2739.  1444 N. High St.
MINNIE B. McCRUM
DRESSMAKING
DONE AT REASONABLE PRICES

HOME RESTAURANT
Special Noonday Lunch 20 Cents.
MEAL TICKETS.
ABBIE COLEMAN
65 EAST SPRING STREET   M. 6619.

Tailoring for Men and Women
Dressmaking, Coats Relined, Clothes 
Cleaned, Pressed, Altered and Repaired.
MRS. BELLE COOKE
Phone North 5466
1044 N. High Street   Columbus, O.

BARCLEY CORSET
Made to your own measurement. The 
only "Made to Measure" Corset without 
extra cost.
MRS. L. G. JENNINGS
N. 3873   88 Chittenden Ave.

LEGAL NOTICE.
Ambrose McGruder, whose address is St. 
Quentin, California, will take notice that 
on March 30, 1914, Mary McGruder filed 
her petition in the Court of Common 
Pleas of Franklin County, Ohio, being 
cause number 67355, praying for a divorce 
from the said Ambrose McGruder on the 
grounds of imprisonment in a penitentiary 
and gross neglect of duty. Said cause will 
be for hearing on and after May 16, 1914.
G. DEUWELL,
Attorney for Plaintiff.

Nurse's Home Directory
Martha L. Sotterfield, Registrar.
Katherine Carnahan, Assistant Registrar.
Graduate, Experienced, Visiting or 
Male Nurses Furnished on Call.
Call by Numbers Only, Day or Night.
Citizens 5338.  Bell, Main 3575.
32 AND 34 S. WASHINGTON AVE.
Columbus, Ohio.

The Bonnett Shop
54 N. THIRD ST.
Mrs. Hillock's motto: "I am for women."
Spring Styles for Southern Trade.

Spirella 
CORSETS
Fitted in your 
own home.
SPIRELLA 
CORSET SHOP
(NOT SOLD IN STORES)
Telephone or send postal for corsetiere to call.

Mrs. Stella H. Deming, City Manager, 
1395 Neil Ave., Columbus, Ohio.
Phones - North 1149. Citz. 8697.

Why pay 40 cents per pound for coffee 
when you can get it at 24 cents at the 
INTER-CITY TEA CO., Importers of Teas, 
Coffees, Spices, etc. Stores
134 1/2 SOUTH HIGH ST.
109 1/2 NORTH HIGH ST.

REGISTERED NURSE
MRS. HATTIE SMITH, R. N.
512 EAST MAIN STREET
Phone, Citizens 17691 Bell, Main 6369
General Diseases and Obstetrics

Stylish Easter and Spring Hats
POPULAR STYLES AT POPULAR PRICES
CHARLOTTE C. NEUNHERZ - - 391 S. High St., Columbus, O.

ANNOUNCEMENT
The Goodwin Corset
In All Styles and Prices
A. K. Schwartz . . . Chillicothe , Ohio
Telephone 520  Room 27 Foulke Block

Why make a slave of yourself by doing your own laundry when you can have it 
carefully done at reasonable prices by a laundry owned and operated for the 
benefit of women.
Call Bell Phone North 84
The Indianola Laundry
2129 North High St.
COLUMBUS, O.

LEGAL NOTICE.
Laura Mitchell, whose residence is unknown, 
will take notice that on March 14, 
1914, Isaac Mitchell filed his petition in 
the Court of Common Pleas, Franklin 
County, Ohio, being cause number 67259, 
praying for a divorce from the said Laura 
Mitchell on the grounds of wilful absence 
for more than three years last past and 
gross neglect of duty. Said cause will be 
for hearing on and after May 14, 1914.
G. DEUWELL,
Attorney for Plaintiff.

LEGAL NOTICE.
Luther E. Oliver, whose residence is unknown, 
will take notice that on February 
28, 1914, Estella A. Oliver filed her petition 
in the Court of Common Pleas of 
Franklin County, Ohio, being cause number 
67174, praying for a divorce from the 
said Luther E. Oliver on the grounds of 
gross neglect of duty and extreme cruelty. 
Said cause will be for hearing on 
and after April 16, 1914.
JOY H. HUNT,
Attorney for Plaintiff.

Transcribed and reviewed by contributors participating in the By The People project at crowd.loc.gov.