NAWSA Subject File National Council of Women NEW YORK HERALD TRIBUNE, SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1912 The Women's Clubs, Soc National Council of Women will Honor Mrs. Catt Tea Wednesday to Mark Susan B. Anthony's Birthday The National Council for Women of the United States, Inc., in cooperation with the Women's Society for a Free and Democratic Europe, will hold a tea and reception in the New Amsterdam Room of Holland House, 10 Rockefeller Plaza, on Wednesday in honor of Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt on the occasion of the birthday anniversary of Susan B. Anthony. Miss Henriette Hart, chairman of the international affairs committee of the National Council of Women and also chairman of the Women's Society for a Free and Democratic Europe, in announcing the affair emphasized the awareness of the women of Europe of the great part which Mrs. Catt has played in the organization and development of international understanding and cooperation between women. "Women--Past, Present and Future" is the theme which Mrs. Catt and representatives from Latin America, China, Europe and the United States will discuss. The tea will be the occasion for the introduction to leaders of women's organizations of the United States of the members of the Women's Society for a Free and Democratic Europe. This group, composed of women who have suffered through the invasion of their countries and the loss of their homes, family and position, Miss Hart explained, are here as exiles. Represented in the Women's Society for a Free and Democratic Europe are Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg, Free France, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Yugoslavia, Greece, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Great Britain, Canada and the United States. The purpose of the society, Miss Hart explained, is, first, the creation of a close and mutually helpful understanding between the women of Europe and the women of America in regard to the social, economic, psychological and political problems to be considered in the coming reorganization of Europe for a just peace. Second, to work for assurance of the right of women to a voice through participation in the ultimate decisions on post-war policies, recognizing the necessity for men and women to contribute harmoniously to a common justice for all as the way to avoid recurring wars. Third, to maintain sympathetic and intelligent contact with all existing organizations having the same aims and to conscientiously co-operate with such organizations in trying to arrive at a constructive program of liberal, democratic principles as a basis of mutual effort toward a really lasting peace in the new Europe. Mrs. Harold Vincent Milligan is president of the National Council of Women of the United States, Inc., which has its headquarters in New York. This organization, a clearing house and service bureau for national women's groups, was founded in 1993 by Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Francis E. Willard and other leaders of that period. Women Exiles Will Also Mark Susan B. Anthony's Birthday Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt, pioneer in the feminist movement, will be honored with a reception and tea to be given on Wednesday by the National Council of Women and the recently organized Women's Society for a Free Democratic Europe. Miss Henriette Hart, international affairs chairman for the council and chairman of the society, will introduce the guest of honor to the gathering in the Amsterdam Room of Holland House, 10 Rockefeller Plaza. The occasion will also commemorate the birthday of Susan B. Anthony, who was one of the founders of the council. The society, which as been holding informal meetings since last Autumn, is composed largely of women exiles here from European countries at war or occupied. The members of its executive committee and the countries they represent are Mrs. Henrique de Kozmian, Poland; Mrs. John Neinhaus, Holland; Miss Marguerite Tollett, Finland; Miss Jane Krayzanowski, Poland; Mme. Essy Lehman, Sweden, and Mrs. Kitty Broches, Holland. The society will work for a closer understanding between women of America and Europe, and promote liberal, democratic principles VIGIL AGAINST 'ISMS' PLEDGED BY WOMEN National Council Reaffirms Its Faith in American Way -- To Seek Latin Good-Will Delegates from seventeen national organizations, participating yesterday at the Hotel Commodore in the fifty-second annual meeting of the National Council of Women, adopted resolutions calling upon the women of the United States, through their affiliated units, to reaffirm their loyalty to the democratic way of life, to be constantly on the alert against subversive groups and activities. Mrs. Harold V. Milligan of New York, president of the council, presided. After adopting a declaration "that all prejudice and intolerance be opposed as un-American, undemocratic and unworthy of civilized men and women," and that "democracy as the American people have known and enjoyed it is imperiled by the advance of various forms of totalitarianism," the assembly also acted favorably upon a resolution committing the organization and its federated associations to promote cooperation with the women of the South American republics. Various recommendations were made by member units of the council requesting that the component groups "study with a view to approving later" such matters as the equal rights amendment to the Constitution, the original Neely bill regulating "block booking" of motion pictures, the legislation advocated by the W.C.T.U. prohibiting the sale of liquor to men in military camps and adjacent centers, and an existing agreement between the Army, Navy, social hygiene and other groups on a program for "public health and moral integrity." Because it was felt that conflicting points of view precluded any possibility of concerted action on these matters, the council group was not asked to vote upon them. Informatory reports will be made, Mrs. Milligan explained, to each of the member units, and any further action will be taken by them individually. Sufficient preponderance of opinion, however, made possible a vote on the motion of the Kindergarten Association representatives, seeking both study and support of the program for Federal Aid in extending kindergartens throughout the country. Miss Bessie Locke, executive secretary, reported that eighty- three new kindergartens had been opened during 1940, affecting 2,300 children. ln her annual report as president, Mrs. Milligan stressed the objective of the council, as a clearing house for information for feminine groups, to instill in American women "an awareness of the impending struggle" between democracy and dictatorships. She was followed by Mrs. Arch Trawick of Nashville and Miss Dorothy Gordon of New York, who in presenting their joint report of the committee on human relations of the council urged women to "boast" about democracy. "We have been listening to the boats of Nazis and Fascists, and some of us have been gullible enough to be impressed," they declared. "If the preservation of democracy needs boasting, let us boast. About our decent standard of living, our public works, our dams, our bridges, tunnels, roads; about our educational and health standards, our efficient industrial system, and our Bill of Rights, which exalts the individual and makes possible that precious freedom denied to those who live under totalitarian rule." [*July 18, 1933*] SCIENCE MONITOR, BOSTON, TUESDAY Congress of Women Drafts Manifesto of Responsibilities Declaration by World Group to be Presented on Friday By Marjorie Shuler Staff Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor Chicago, July 18--A manifesto of human responsibilities is being drafted at the International Congress of women, sponsored by the National Council of Women here this week. The manifesto is to be patterned after the famous Bill of Rights, drawn by a little group of Suffragists in Seneca Falls, N.Y., in the year 1848. For 85 years that document has served as goal for women's organizations. Now in a city permeated with historical memories surrounding the Century of Progress exposition, modern women are meeting to assume their responsibilities not only for themselves for but all mankind. The women's bill of rights in 1848 was written out of the need of that time for an open door to equality in the law, in suffrage, in business and the professions. The manifesto of 1933 will be written out of the need of this time for a planned economy in which women and men share alike. The draft will be presented on Friday following three days of speeches and round-table discussion. The manifesto will indicate the progress which women have made since the Chicago fair of 40 years ago when the National Council of Women was starting and women speakers, timorous and uncertain, raised their voices in public meetings urging that they be granted the vote. Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt, who was a chief speaker at the exposition 40 years ago and also is prominent on the program, describes the change graphically. At the congress 40 years ago, Mrs. Catt says, the women called a meeting in a small room. They had no program, no plans. She rose and began to speak. The audience grew until it filled every seat and overflowed in the halls. Without any plan or concerted action she continued to speak going on as long as she could continue with women's argument for the vote. Then it was announced that similar meetings would be held on the following days and the women who started in an upper room were soon filling the big auditorium. Last evening the delegates heard from Dame Rachel Crowdy of England that the angel of peace is laying hands on the flaming sword, that cooperation between nations has not been so successful as was hoped for and that the League of Nations has done well with social, health and labor questions if not so well with major problems such as conflict, disarmament and the economic conference. Education is the only way to gain peace, she said. Charges that no country gives individuals real opportunity for development were made by Dr. Yifang Wu, president of Ginling College, Nanking, China, who declared that in western countries people are bound by the machine and in eastern countries by convention. Fuller Emancipation "China has taken its first step toward a fuller emancipation," said Dr. Wu. "The individual is better off. More people have a chance. The individual who builds up his own self-expression and self-development is not contributing his best to the world. It is not enough to advance his own interests. He must work for the good of all the people. We shall only have progress when the masses become self-assertive." Women's organizations need to whittle a stick to give themselves time to contemplate and adapt their ideals, Miss Jane Addams declared. The power of the human mind to make rapid adjustments under new conditions is being tremendously strained at the present time, Miss Addams added. The problem she designed as being inequalities in the rate of social change, the danger of holding fast to social concepts no longer useful but not superseded by new ones, and a trend toward intellectual apathy and mental incapacity through widespread uniformity. "It is doubtless true that women's shares, pay taxes and order the construction of steel buildings and ships. Dr. Kyrk analyzed the national income, stating that the larger and increasing part goes to salaried workers, that in 60 per cent of the families only is the husband the sole wage earner, and that 60 per cent of food is bought by families where the income is less than $2000 a year. Wealth Redistributed Wealth should be redistributed in a manner which would not only increase the purchasing power of the individual, said Dr. Helen Fisher Hohman of Illinois, but would add to the "civic income" by increasing purchasing power directed under the system of community planning. That the security of the farm home must be maintained if the present civilization of America is to continue was the statement by Miss Bess M. Rowe of the Farmer's Wife. "If farm buying power is too low to bring into the home, education, books, music, and the rest of the cultural advantages enjoyed by other American homes, we are crippling the development of our whole nation," Miss Rowe declared. The idea of "eternal punishment" for marital mistakes is passing, declared Dr. Valeria H. Parker of New York City, in a speech on divorce and re-marriage as being no longer a cause for moral condemnation. Dr. Parker read from a book on "The Family and Its Members," written by Dr. Anna Garlin Spencer, whose idea the present congress was. Mars Beauty of Cities Stretches of flimsy, ill-planned structures which marred the beauty of cities, towns and countryside particularly, when real estate values changed after 1929, were the subject of a scathing address by Mr. Frederick L. Ackerman of New York City, who blamed investment for profit and speculation as being largely responsible for them. Corruption was defined as the pretense to serve two antagonistic interests simultaneously by Mr. Ernest Gruening, editor of The Nation. The history of the larger municipalities has broadly been a history of corruption punctuated by periods of reform, Mr. Gruening asserted, adding that publicity is not effective and that propaganda "perverts public opinion, functioning through that new type of profession or pseudo- profession, the public relations counsel." Mr. Gruening attached public utilities and charged that money power is closely linked with electric power. "The danger of corruption lies in the materialism that has corrupted the fiber of the American people," Mr. Gruening said. "It has put a premium on acquisitiveness, has rated and estimated men supremely by the money-making ability." in which women and men share alike. The draft will be presented on Friday following three days of speeches and round-table discussion. The manifesto will indicate the progress which women have made since the Chicago fair of 40 years ago when the National Council of Women was starting and women speakers, timorous and uncertain, raised their voices in public meetings urging that they be granted the vote. Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt, who was a chief speaker at the exposition 40 years ago and also is prominent on the program, describes the change graphically. At the congress 40 years ago, Mrs. Catt says, the women called a meeting in a small room. They had no program, no plans. She rose and began to speak. the audience grew until it filled every seat and overflowed in the halls. Without any plan or concerted action she continued to speak going on as long as she could continue with women's argument for the vote. Then it was announced that similar meetings would be held on the following days and the women who started in an upper room were soon filling the big auditorium. Last evening, the delegates heard from Dame Rachel Crowdy of England that the angel of peace is laying hands on the flaming sword, that cooperation between nations has not been so successful as was hoped for and that the League of Nations has done well with social, health and labor questions if not so well with major problems such as conflict, disarmament and the economic conference. Education is the only way to gain peace, she said. Charges that no country gives individuals real opportunity for development were made by Dr. Yifang Wu, president of Ginling College, Nanking, China, who declared that in western countries people are bound by the machine and in eastern countries by convention. Fuller Emancipation "China has taken its first step toward a fuller emancipation," said Dr. Wu. "The individual is better off. More people have a chance. The individual who builds up his own self-expression and self-development is not contributing his best to the world. It is not enough to advance his own interests. He must work for the good of all the people. We shall only have progress when the masses become self-assertive." Women's organizations need to whittle a stick to give themselves time to contemplate and adapt their ideals, Miss Jane Addams declared. The power of the human mind to make rapid adjustments under new conditions is being tremendously strained at the present time, Miss Addams added. The problem she designated as being inequalities in the rate of social change, the danger of holding fast to social concepts no longer useful but not superseded by new ones, and a trend toward intellectual apathy and mental incapacity through widespread uniformity. "It is doubtless true that women's organizations have been much more interested in affirming ideals than in facing the problems of applying those ideals," Miss Addams stated. Five new programs on how to spend leisure time were outlined by Mr. A. Gordon Melvin of the College of the City of New York, at a round table. "The goose step of commercial recreation" was criticized by the speakers and Mr. Melvin offered substitutes for "the present slavery to non-productive, over-expensive and inert commercialized amusement in which people have made but feeble use of their new-given leisure." New Concept of Schools There should be, said Mr. Melvin, a new concept of progressive public schools with parents banded together and teachers imparting the arts as well as the mechanics of living. He recommended a new program of adult education, and the use of every aspect of community life, home, school, church, bank, police, and even business assuming a new educational influence. The remaking of habits in private living was advocated by Mr. Melvin with a restoration of the formalities of thank you notes, afternoon receptions, and the graces of conversation. Release of individualities, creative expression, outdoor living, and individual happiness were urged and above all, said Mr. Melvin, "amusement enterprises should be freed from commercialism." We should want to take the radio and moving and talking pictures out of the hands of the power trusts until every patent involved in these great inventions should be used only by permission or by a payment of royalty to the state. If such royalties were assigned to educational use, commercialized entertainment could be made to subsidize rather than impoverish the lives of our children and of adults." The theory that women are the buyers of the nation was exploded by Dr. Hazel Kyrk of the University of Chicago, who said that while a survey of department store buying revealed that women constitute 85 per cent of the spenders, after all men buy automobiles and plow- [????????] ships. Dr. Kyrk analyzed the national income, stating that the larger and increasing part goes to salaries workers, that in 60 per cent of the families only is the husband the sole wage earner, and that 60 per cent of food is bought by families where the income is less than $2000 a year. Wealth Redistributed Wealth should be redistributed in a manner which would not only increase the purchasing power of the individual, said Dr. Helen Fisher Hohman of Illinois, but would add to the "civic income" by increasing purchasing power directed under the system of community planning. That the security of the farm home must be maintained if the present civilization of America is to continue was the statement by Miss Bess M. Rowe of the Farmer's Wife. "If farm buying power is too low to bring into the home, education, books, music, and the rest of the cultural advantages enjoyed by other American homes, we are crippling the development of our whole nation," Miss Rowe declared. The idea of "eternal punishment" for marital mistakes is passing, declared Dr. Valeria H. Parker of New York City, in a speech on divorce and re-marriage as being no longer a cause for moral condemnation. Dr. Parker read from a book on "The Family and Its Members," written by Dr. Anna Garlin Spencer, whose idea the present congress was. Mars Beauty of Cities Stretches of flimsy, ill-planned structures which marred the beauty of cities, towns and countryside particularly, when real estate values changed after 1929, were the subject of a scathing address by Mr. Frederick L. Ackerman of New York City, who blamed investment for profit and speculation as being largely responsible for them. Corruption was defined as the pretense to serve two antagonistic interests simultaneously by Mr. Ernest Gruening, editor of The Nation. The history of the larger municipalities has broadly been a history of corruption punctuated by periods of reform, Mr. Gruening asserted, adding that publicity is not effective and that propaganda "perverts public opinion, functioning through that new type of profession or pseudo- profession, the public relations counsel." Mr. Gruening attacked public utilities and charged that money power is closely linked with electric power. "The danger of corruption lies in the materialism that has corrupted the fiber of the American people," Mr. Gruening said. "It has put a premium on acquisitiveness, has rated and estimated men supremely by the money-making ability." Women Through the Century A souvenir of the National Council of Women Exhibit A Century of Progress 1833 * Chicago * 1933 PUBLISHED BY THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF WOMEN OF THE UNITED STATES 4 PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, N.Y. THE ONWARD MARCH OF AMERICAN WOMEN THE ONWARD MARCH of American womanhood for the past hundred years is one of the most colorful phases of A Century of Progress. The gradual widening of women’s activities until they have become powerful factors in the commercial and civic lite of the day is almost as dramatic as the evolu- tion of the machine itself, Without an exhibit of organized womanhood, such as the National Council of Women is presenting in the Hall of Social Sciences, the story of the machine age would be inadequately told. Of this story the Council is the logical interpreter. For nearly fifty of the one hundred years which A Century of Progress commemorates, its leaders have been among the foremost thinkers and doers of America. Susan B, Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucy Stone, May Wright Sewall were among its pioneers. Its present roster includes noted educa- tors, distinguished scientists, leaders in a wide variety of fields. Its program has paralleled the great causes which have successively engaged the attention of women-- suffrage, temperance, peace. And today it is calling an International Congress on “Our Common Cause - Civilization,” to consider what contribution women’s organizations can make towards the creation of a new world order in which there shall be a minimum of security and a maximum opportunity for self-development for all. Its exhibit portrays the dramatic incidents of the past and the present activities of American women. The Congress points to the future. THE MURAL AN INTERPRETATION A sixty-foot mural constitutes the most striking feature of the exhibit. The artist, Hildreth Meiere, ranks among the foremost of her profession. She is well known by her murals in the Nebraska State Capitol in Lincoln and the Dome of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington. Through figures of heroic size, her mural portrays, in dramatic episodes , the striking changes which have come to American womanhood between 1833 and 1933. The predominating blues and dull reds upon a background of pale yellow give a mellow softness which accentuates the aggressive action of the figures. The passage of women from the narrow confines of home and tradition in 1833 to the broad opportunities and freedom of 1933 is suggested by iron bars in the background, which first set close together, gradually draw apart and finally disappear. Below, the mural is bordered by a grisaille in a single color, light brown, which gives the effect of wood carving. Here the span of one hundred years is divided into ten sections, each six feet long. These follow one another chronologically and each portrays three great woman pioneers and two important episodes of the decade. GROUP AT ONE OF THE SERIES OF MUSICALS. Held twice a week during the period of the Exposition. MURAL SHOWING THE PROGRESS OF WOMEN DURING THE PAST CENTURY. EPISODES IN MURAL The woman of 1833 confined 10: the home and centered wholly in her family She steps over the threshold into a field of wider interest Her education begins; schools open to her Women work for temperance They succor the enslaved negroes They aid the wounded on the Civil War battlefield Susan B. Anthony leads out for suffrage Women's clubs become popular A host joins in the triumphal suffrage march Women become prominent in business and the professions They seek peace They look towards the good world tomorrow, for which they strive, where men and women will share responsibilities alike, with security and opportunity for all. At the close, Clio, the Muse of History, a book upon her knee, writes of A Century’s Achievement for Women, A stone tablet behind her records her words: WOMEN MARCH THROUGH EDUCATION, SUFFRAGE ECONOMIC FREEDOM TOWARDS GREATER SOCIAL JUSTICE 1833 to 1843 ANGELINA GRIMKE First American woman to address a public meeting Women admitted to Oberlin college, first institution of higher learning to accept them ANN WILKINS First Missionary The loon of cotton mill-- women enter industry SARAH JOSEPHA HALE Editor of Godey's Lady's Book- originator of our national observance of Thanksgiving The following facts and quotations are from Inez Haynes Irwin's book—Angels and Amazons A Portrayal of a Hundred Years of American Womanhood. This book was written for and may be obtained through the National Council of Women. Woman's INTER- ESTS AND ACTIVITIES BOUNDED ENTIRELY BY HER HOME. “Nor a single American woman breaks with even secondary importance into the history of the first third of the Nineteenth Century. A curious spell lay over them; the lethargy of a reactionary period. The great fight of the next seventy-five years lay sleeping in its mother's womb.” LUCRETIA MOTT 1843 Anti-slavery agitator to 1853 Maria Mitchell discovers a comet ELIZABETH CADY STANTON Pioneer suffragist The first Woman's Rights meeting- Seneca Falls, 1848 LUCY STONE Early suffragist WOMEN CROSS THE HOUSEHOLD THRESHOLD INTO THE WORLD'S ACTIVITIES. "By the invention of the cotton gin weaving came out of the home and brought the women with it." Catherine Littlefield-Greene pro- posed the idea of a cotton-gin to Eli Whitney and gave him finds and encouragement. 1853 to 1863 Antoinette B. Blackwell First woman ordained a minister First Free Dispensary - New York Dispensary for poor women and children Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell First woman in the United States to receive an M.D. degree First women's hospital - Philadelphia Dr. Emily Blackwell Co-founder with her sister of the New York Dispensary and a woman's medical college "In education the girls, generally speaking, seem to have sat at the second table." Oberlin College, (Ohio) was first to matriculate women, (1833). In 1837 Mary Lyon founded Mount Holyoke Seminary (Mass.) the forerunner of the woman's college. In 1839 the Georgia Legislature granted a charter to a Female College. 1863 TO 1873 Julia Ward Howe Author of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" Susan B. Anthony is tried for voting Jennie June Croly Founder of Sorosis The first banquet of men and women at which a woman spoke. Press banquet for Sorosis, New York Mary A. Livermore Lecturer, author, editor of the The Woman's Journal Temperance enlists the efforts and idealism of women. Frances E. Willard, an extraordinary orator with a genius for organization, resigned as Dean of Women in Northwestern University and became the mainspring of the national movement organized in 1874. 1873 TO 1883 Anna Howard Shaw Physician, clergyman, suffragist The invention of the typewriter Linda Richards First graduate trained nurse in the United States Temperance workers praying out saloons Frances E. Willard Founder of the World W.C.T.U. and first president of the National Council of Women In 1833 the first woman's political club - The Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society -- was formed. In 1838 women abolitionists held a national convention in Philadelphia. An infuriated mob hating women speakers and abolitionists burned the convention hall. Later Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote "the book that freed the slaves" - Uncle Tom's Cabin. 1883 TO 1893 May Wright Sewall One of the founders of the National Council of Women Ellen H. Richards, founding the Home Economics Association Emily Dickinson Poet The founding Hull House -- first social settlement in the United States Mary E. Kenney [*later Mary Kenney O'Sullivan*] First woman to organize trade unions among women [*prominent in the*] [*Man Woman Suffrage Assn.*] [*and Women's Trade Union*] [*League of Mass.*] Clara Barton organized and directed corps of volunteer nurses upon the battlefields of the Civil War. It made no difference to her whether the wounded wore the Blue or the Grey. She established the principle that the wounded, regardless of what uniforms they wear, have equal rights to all possible aid. 1893 TO 1903 Minnie Maddern Fiske Actress The International Congress of Women in connection with the Columbian Exposition in Chicago Mary Cassatt Artist Women riding bicycles Lillian Nordica Opera Singer The Fearless, Tireless Leader of Woman Suffrage, Susan B. Anthony- shown (picture inset) wearing the famous red shawl in which she so often appeared. This shawl is now on display in the exhibit of the National Council of Women. 1903 TO 1913 Grace Dodge One of the founders of Teachers' College, Columbia University, of the Young Women's Christian Association and the Travelers' Aid The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Strike Cora Wilson Stewart Founder of the Moonlight Schools The inauguration of the Travelers' Aid Dr. Florence R. Sabin Who has made important medical discoveries Women's clubs are formed in great numbers. Millions of women become members. In 1833 appeared the first permanent woman's club- the real pioneer- at Jacksonville, Illinois- then called the Ladies' Association for Educating Females. 1913 to 1923 Dr. Alice Hamilton First woman professor at Harvard Women workers in the World War Carrie Chapman Catt Who led the suffrage forces when the ballot was won Women casting their first vote in a Presidential election Judge Florence E. Allen First woman Supreme Court justice in the United States Marching hosts celebrate the suffrage victory. Born on July 19, 1848, in a neighborhood meeting at Seneca Falls, New York, Woman Suffrage received the passionate support of women leaders until the adoption of the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the U.S. in 1920 gave full suffrage. 1923 to 1933 Dr. Anna Garlin Spencer Minister, educator, social service worker Dr. Mary E. Woolley, first woman delegate from the United States for a Disarmament Conference, sailing with petitions from American women asking reductions in armament Amelia Earhart First woman to make a trans-Atlantic solo flight American women of 1933 summoning women of the world to an International Congress on "Our Common Cause-- Civilization" Frances Perkins First woman in the United States Cabinet A century of women's progress inspires in them a new ideal--peace throughout the world--good will made manifest in security and opportunity for all. TWELVE GREAT WOMEN LEADERS A panel displays portraits of twelve great women leaders, chosen by popular vote in a nationwide poll conducted by the National Council of Women and the Ladies' Home Journal. Chronologically arranged, they are: Mary Lyon, founder of Mt. Holyoke Female Seminary, afterwards Mt. Holyoke College Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" Susan B. Anthony, suffrage leader Julia Ward Howe, author of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" Clara Barton, organizer of the American Red Cross Mary Baker Eddy, founder of the Christian Science Church Frances E. Willard, founder of the World W.C.T.U. Jane Addams, peace advocate and founder of Hull House Helen Keller, blind author Carrie Chapman Catt, suffrage leader Dr. Mary E. Woolley, first woman delegate from the United States to a Disarmament Conference Amelia Earhart, first women to make a trans-Atlantic solo flight Clio, muse of history, records One Hundred Years of Women's Achievement. "All this is but the noise and dust of the wagon bringing the harvest home." (Theodore Parker). THE SCRAPBOOKS Specific phases of the work of the 31 member organizations of the Council are told in a series of scrapbooks. These are classified under eleven general headings, as follows: Business and Industry; Civics and Citizenship; Culture; Education; Health; Homemaking; International Relations; Legislation; Recreation; Religion, Ethics and Morals; Social Welfare. Through them, the reader gets a general picture of the wide range of women's activities and of the part they play in philanthropic, commercial and civic affairs. ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF AMERICAN WOMEN A permanent record of women's influence on American life is to be found in Inez Haynes Irwin's book, "Angels and Amazons--One Hundred Years of American Women," published by the Council. This is one of the most valuable souvenirs of the Fair. It tells the amazing and dramatic story of one of the most important movements in modern history--the woman movement. Crusades for education, temperance, social service, suffrage, peace, live in its pages. Anecdotes of the women who were trail-blazers of the century are there. Five hundred pages of vivid text--and not a superfluous word--all of it written in the captivating style of which Mrs. Irwin is master! A complete index, an appendix listing and classifying women's organizations, make it one of the most valuable reference works available to women today. Copies may be seen here and orders placed through the National Council of Women, 4 Park Avenue, New York City. Price, $2.50. THE MEMENTOS Historic mementos of women of the past century fill the show cases. Such varied souvenirs of feminine achievement are displayed as the goggles Amelia Earhart wore on her trans-Atlantic solo flight; the red shawl which Susan B. Anthony invariably carried to suffrage meetings; a scarf bearing Harriet Beecher Stowe's picture, of a type which was manufactured and sold in quantities during the 50's to raise funds for Mrs. Stowe's abolition work; the academic cap worn by Dr. Anna Howard Shaw when she was given an honorary degree by Temple University. OTHER MEMENTOS ARE Pewter whale oil lamp used in the late eighties in the Massachusetts General Hospital Red Cross flag which flew from the mastheads of the first relief boats ever seen in American waters--during the Ohio and Mississippi River floods, February to June, 1884. Clara Barton traveled 8,000 miles on these boats, the Josh V. Throop and the Mattie Bell, and distributed over $175,000 in money and materials Deed of gift of gram of radium presented to Mme. Marie Curie by women of the United States at the White House May 30, 1921. Campaign for the purchase of this radium was organized in 1920 by Mrs. William Brown Meloney Copy of Kate Field's Washington, a weekly journal edited during the last five years of her life, 1891-1896, by Mary Katherine Keemle Field, apostle of reform, who battled for such varied causes as international copyright, Hawaiian annexation, temperance, free art and preservation of the Yosemite Copy of Thanksgiving proclamation issued by Abraham Lincoln in 1863 Letter from Clara Barton to Mrs. W. D. Williams January 23, 1891 Cup made at Toynbee Hall in the early nineties and presented to Jane Addams. Significant because it was one of the first pieces of craft work done in the settlements Diploma of Linda Richards, America's first graduate trained nurse Sketch of Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, new building for Home Economics, at Cornell Photograph of first headquarters for home economics education at Cornell (1900), a basement room in Morrill Hall, used by Miss Van Rensselaer as office, classroom and laboratory Photograph of Better Homes model house built by Donn Barber, Washington, D.C., 1922, now National Headquarters of the Girl Scouts Photograph of Herbert Hoover breaking ground for the model Better Home in Washington, D.C., 1923 Printed slip--Better Homes in America, describing this organization, founded in 1923 by Mrs. William Brown Meloney while editor of the Delineator, and now grown to national proportions with 9,772 committees functioning this year in every state in the Union Model of Better Home built under the auspices of the New York State Federation of Women's Clubs Photograph of prize-winning home, 1933, designed and built by Harry [*Barry*] Wills of Boston and awarded gold medal of American Institute of Architects Academic cowl bestowed on Julia Ward Howe by Brown University in 1909 Model of Henry Street Settlements--the Bunker Hill Playgrounds Silver teaspoon given to Susan B. Anthony by her brother Cameo of Miss Anthony made in Rome, 1883 Needle cushion made by Miss Anthony at boarding school in 1835 Miss Anthony's red shawl Photograph of the Mutual Improvement Association of Sandy Springs, Maryland, taken on its 75th anniversary, May, 1932, in the same house in which the original meeting was held in 1857. Grandnieces and granddaughters impersonate the original members Costume worn by Mrs. Hadassah J. Moore, original member of the club, at the first meeting Silver-backed prayerbook always used by Juliette Low, founder of the Girl Scouts Lace collar of Dr. Anna Howard Shaw Helmet, goggles, scarf worn by Amelia Earhart on her trans-Atlantic solo flight May 20-21, 1932 Binoculars used by Miss Earhart on her first trans-Atlantic flight, June 17-18, 1929 Copy of official appointment of Nellie Tayloe Ross as Director of the Mint Letters written by Harriet Beecher Stowe to her husband (in the early 60's) and to Lady Byron (1856). Latter thanks Lady Byron for a contribution to the relief of sufferers among the Kansas settlers who were trying to hold the state for freedom as against slavery. Harriet Beecher Stowe's scarf, of a type manufactured and sold by an English society in the early 50's the proceeds being turned over to Mrs. Stowe for use in her abolition work Book of poems written and published by Philis Wheatley in 1773 Photograph, parasol and watch of Mary Mapes Dodge. Original copies of St. Nicholas magazines for April, 1886, containing "Little Lord Fauntleroy" by Frances Hodgson Burnett; February 1875, containing "Eight Cousins" by Louisa May Alcott; September 1878, containing "Under the Lilacs" by Louisa May Alcott and for November 1914, containing "The Lost Prince" by Frances Hodgson Burnett Roosevelt Medal awarded Martha Berry, founder of the Berry Schools in Rome, Georgia, in 1925; Town Hall Club Medal given Miss Berry in 1931; Colonial Dames Medal given in 1933, for her distinguished service to education Frances E. Willard's Bible, containing a temperance pledge which she cut out from a juvenile publication and pasted in, in 1855. Her slate, with which she was privileged to amuse herself on Sundays, provided she drew "nothing but meetinghouses." Other Willard Mementos. The Kentucky Magazine, a monthly devoted to literature and science, first published in Louisville in 1880. Sarah Irwin Mattingly was editor Copy Godey's Lady's Book, March 1875 Picture Sarah Josepha Hale, editor Godey's Lady's Book Letter of Louisa May Alcott presenting to a child a green malachite cross once given to her by Jean Ingelow; also the malachite cross Lady's ticket of admission to the World Anti- Slavery Convention in London in 1840 Watch and chain of Anna Howard Shaw Picture Mount Washington Academy, Broadway, South Boston, founded in 1838 and for many years the most fashionable academy in the United States. Mrs. Maria Burrill and her sisters, Ann and Sarah Bemis Learnard, intimate friends of Nathaniel Hawthorne and of Elizabeth Peabody, were the owners. Writing desk presented to Mrs. Maria Burrill; January 1, 1846, by her pupils at the Academy Tray painted by Susan Keyes Locke at the Mount Washington Academy Daguerreotype of Sara Pugh Honorary medal conferred by the King of Belgium in recognition of Martha Van Rensselaer's service with the American Relief Commission in Belgium Surgical instruments belonging to Dr. Emily and Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell. Picture of Carrie Chapman Catt at age of five. Book signed by all the delegates to the World Suffrage Congress, Budapest, 1913. Engrossed memorial urging Mrs. Catt to become president of the International Suffrage Alliance. Silver dish sent Elizabeth Cady Stanton in 1895 by women of Seneca Falls, New York Lace and gold card case frequently carried by Mrs. Stanton. Dioramas from the Woman's Home Companion showing the Better Babies Campaign and the work of its Good Citizenship Bureau. Copy of Better Homes medal awarded annually by the American Institute of Architects to the designer of the best small home built that year Medal conferred on Mrs. William Brown Meloney by the French and Belgian governments in recognition of her international services through the Better Homes in America Movement Child Health and Protection Support of Scientific Research Work and Peace 1915-1930 Fanny Todd Helmuth Gavel George Washington gavel. Head is made from wood from Sulgrave Manor, England, home of Washington's ancestors, and handle from tree at Mt. Vernon, Virginia, his own home THE CLUB ROOM The National Council has devoted part of its exhibit space to a clubroom and resting place for women visiting the Fair. Attractively furnished in natural wood color, accentuated by tones of coral and blue, and agreeably isolated, it offers the comforts of a lounge or living room -- easy chairs, tables of books and magazines, access to telephone and telegraph. Publications of member organizations, leaflets descriptive of their work, copies of "Angels and Amazons" and the Scrapbooks offer interesting diversion. Special musical programs at intervals provide added pleasure. TO SUMMARIZE The exhibit, Mrs. Irwin's comprehensive history of organized womanhood, and the Congress on "Our Common Cause--Civilization" July 16-22 in Chicago, are all phases of a single enterprise--an endeavor to portray the past and present activities of American women and to unify their efforts towards a finer civilization. The project has for nearly two years engaged the attention of 5,000,000 women in member organizations of the Council. More than one million women have signed petitions asking foreign governments to send representative women to the Congress. Women of 52 countries have been invited to participate in its sessions. Out of the Congress the Council hopes to formulate a definite program looking towards the creation of a better world order, to which women's organizations throughout the world may subscribe. This three-fold program was made possible by the loyal and generous cooperation of the Postal Telegraph-Cable Company, whose officers were stirred by the magnitude and worth of such an undertaking. To Postal Telegraph the National Council of Women makes grateful acknowledgement. THE EXHIBIT COMMITTEE The exhibit was planned by the following committee: Mrs. William Dick Sporborg, Chairman, Dr. Florence Rena Sabin, of New York of Port Chester, New York City Mrs. James Rae Arneill, Chairman, of the Mrs. Percy V. Pennybacker, former president Finance Committee of the National of the General Federation of Council of Women, of Denver, Colorado Women's Clubs, of Austin, Texas Mrs. William Brown Meloney, Editor of Miss Helen M. Bennett, of A Century of the New York Herald Tribune Sunday Progress, Chicago Magazine Mrs. John Handley-Greaves, of New Mrs. Geline Macdonald Bowman, President York of the National Federation of Business and Professional Women's Mrs. Charles E. Gregory, of New York Clubs, of Richmond, Virginia Mrs. Willis B. Miner, of New York It was designed and installed by Virginia Hamill of New York City, who assembled and directed the first large scale international exposition of modern decorative art in this country. THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Cooperating with the exhibit committee were the following officers of the National Council of Women: Miss Lena Madesin Phillips, President Mrs. Edgerton Parsons, Recording Secretary Mrs. Estelle M. Sternberger, Mrs. Mrs. Harold Vincent Milligan, Frances P. Parks, Mrs. Amy Brown Corresponding Secretary Lyman, Mrs. Sallie W. Stewart, Vice Presidents Mrs. Charles J. Reeder, Treasurer Mrs. Theodore J. Louden, Auditor Visitors examining scrap books. These books show the work of member organizations. Panel of twelve great women leaders in the background. CONSTITUENT ORGANIZATIONS Of the National Council of Women AMERICAN NURSES' ASSOCIATION AMERICAN HOMEMAKERS ASSOCIATION ASSOCIATION OF WOMEN IN PUBLIC HEALTH CHILD STUDY ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA GENERAL FEDERATION OF WOMEN'S CLUBS HADASSAH, THE WOMEN'S ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA INTERNATIONAL SUNSHINE SOCIETY, INC. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLORED WOMEN NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN NATIONAL FEDERATION OF BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL WOMEN'S CLUBS NATIONAL FEDERATION OF MUSIC CLUBS NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TEMPLE SISTERHOODS NATIONAL KINDERGARTEN ASSOCIATION NATIONAL MOTION PICTURE LEAGUE NATIONAL PLANT, FLOWER AND FRUIT GUILD NATIONAL WOMAN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION NATIONAL WOMAN'S PARTY NATIONAL WOMAN'S RELIEF SOCIETY OSTEOPATHIC WOMEN'S NATIONAL ASSOCIATION SERVICE STAR LEGION SOUTHERN WOMAN'S EDUCATIONAL ALLIANCE SUPREME FOREST WOODMEN CIRCLE UNITED ORDER OF TRUE SISTERS WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE AND FREEDOM WOMEN'S NATIONAL AERONAUTICAL ASSOCIATION WOMEN'S LEAGUE OF THE UNITED SYNAGOGUE OF AMERICA WOMEN'S OVERSEAS SERVICE LEAGUE YOUNG LADIES MUTUAL IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION INDIANAPOLIS COUNCIL OF WOMEN MAY WRIGHT SEWALL INDIANA COUNCIL OF WOMEN RHODE ISLAND COUNCIL OF WOMEN A corner of the club room. Showing a panel of member organizations. National Council of Women Washington, 1888 Chart of picture of delegates (large picture in Blackwellpapers) And one on front page of Sept. 1938 Issue of LaFrancaise (filled with International Alliance of Women, France section. Back row, left to right: Elisabeth Boynton Herbert; U.S.; Rachel G. Foster, U.S.; Bessie Starr Keefer, Canada; Sophia Magelsson Groth, Norway; Hannah Whitall Smith, U.S.; Victoria Richardson, U.S.; Alli Trygg, Finland; Caroline Merrick, U.S. Middle Row: Rev. Ada C. Bowles, Mass. U.S.; Rev. Anna Howard Shaw, U.S.; Frances E. Willard, U.S.; Lillie Devereux Blake, U.S.; Margaret Moore, Ireland; Alice Scafcherd, Angleterre; Rev. Antoinette Brown Blackwell, U.S.; Elisabeth Lisle Saxon, U.S; May Wright Sewall, U.S; Louise Reed Stowell, U.S. Lower (first) row: Virginia S. Minor, U.S.; Zerelda G. Wallace, U.S.; Laura Ormiston Chant, Angleterre; Susan B. Anthony, U.S.; Isabelle Bogelot, France; Elisabeth Cady Stanton, U.S.; Mathilda Joslyn Gage, U.S.; Alexandra Gripenberg, Finland; Mrs. Ashton Dike, Angleterre. Mrs. Maud Wood Park , Chairman Mrs. Malcolm McBride Mrs. Edna Lamprey Stantial, THE WOMAN'S JOURNAL Mrs. James Paige Secretary-Treasurer FUND COMMITTEE Miss Mary Gray Peck Judge Florence E. Allen 21 Ashmont St., Melrose 76, Mass. Miss Frances Perkins Mrs. J. Borden Harriman Mrs. Gifford Pinchot Mrs. Lewis Jerome Johnson Mrs. F. Louis Slade Miss Katharine Ludington Mrs. Halsey W. Wilson Transcribed and reviewed by contributors participating in the By The People project at crowd.loc.gov.