NAWSA SUBJECT FILE TEMPERANCE Romance and Reality Boston voted 9 to 1 in favor of repeal. Considering that fact, one should not be surprised to read the following which I clipped from the Boston Globe of November 21: "With alcoholism increased to such an extent that the Boston hospital system is forced to take care of 5,000 cases a year, more than 1,000 of whom are brought into the various hospitals in coma, WPA officials announced plans last night to do something about it. The average of hospital treatment is two weeks and the total cost to the city for caring for these patients is estimated to be $375, 000 a year." What to do: Prohibit the manufacture, sale and transportation of all alcoholic beverages, and turn enforcement over to the G-men. We repealed the 18th amendment to make money. And for just that one item we are in the hole $375,000 a year. Where is there any profit there? When we really made some money out of the liquor traffic was under the 18th amendment. Here are the government figures. Compare the two: On December 23, 1933, the department of justice reported the cost of enforcement from January 1, 1920, to October 23, 1933: Confiscations ………………………. $219,306,464 Fines ……………………………………. 80,337,014 ______________ Total ……………………………………..$299,643,476 Cost of enforcement …….…..…. 128,810,185 ______________ Net Gain ………………………………. $179,833,291 ______________ And the bootlegger, not the poor drunks, paid the fines. Mr. Taxpayer, please notice those figures. The Boston Herald of January 12, 1935, said: "Americans have tacitly admitted that they may have been in error by repealing national prohibition." It looks like it, now doesn't it? Mrs. Rose E. Upton Bascom Framingham, Mass. [by C. C. Cait 1920] A return to the original plan of persuading people to total abstinence may be the best educational system for the present. Total abstinence removes all possibility of effects of drink on health. Total abstinence frees the individual from all responsibility for tempting others to drink. Total abstinence discourages the manufacture and sale of all forms of liquor. When the number of total abstainers increases, the example converts others. Total abstinence will not become a universal custom, but it will appeal to those of moral character. In the United States, within my lifetime, the business of selling liquor has never been considered an honorable or respected one. It has been otherwise in foreign countries. I doubt if there is a possibility that this country will turn backward to the standards of other lands, yet, to go back to the beginning and re-trace steps formerly taken, seems a very logical course to pursue just now. Perhaps to list those who are total abstainers, rolling up great numbers, might prove effective. The old way was to get signers to a pledge not to drink. Now, it might be. I have been a total abstainer for years. No liquor law has ever been enforced so far as I can learn. This would be a voluntary mobilization of those who have had the courage to abstain. It might prove a good background for the next march forward. A return to the original plan of persuading people to total abstinence may be the best educational system for the present. Total abstinence removes all possibility of effects of drink on health. Total abstinence frees the individual from all responsibility for tempting others to drink. Total abstinence discourages the manufacture and sale of all forms of liquor. When the number of total abstainers increases, the example converts others. Total abstinence will not become a universal custom, but it will appeal to those of moral character. In the United States, within my lifetime, the business of selling liquor has never been considered an honorable or respected one. It has been otherwise in foreign countries. I doubt if there is a possibility that this country will turn backward to the standards of other lands, yet, to go back to the beginning and re-trace steps formerly taken, seems a very logical course to pursue just now. Perhaps to list those who are total abstainers, rolling up great numbers, might prove effective. The old way was to get signers to a pledge not to drink. Now, it might be. I have been a total abstainer for years. No liquor law has ever been enforced so far as I can learn. This would be a voluntary mobilization of those who have had the courage to abstain. It might prove a good background for the next march forward. A Word to the Wise Should be Sufficient! To Brewerymen, Liquor Dealers, Bartenders and All Others Engaged in the Liquor Business: The first duty of a member of the Legislature is to the District that elected him, because he is its representative, and the first duty of the voters is to themselves, their household and business therefore you should wake up and interest yourself this election season. You know of the present onslaught on the liquor business, conducted by temperance cranks backed by woman suffrage, which should cause you to take a stand to protect your employment of business by planning your own campaign and obtaining pledges from Candidates for Representative and Senator as to their attitude towards a systematized, legalized, legitimate business. The first attack of women who have received suffrage in this country has been on the liquor business, most notably that in Illinois last Spring, when with their first vote they drove eleven hundred saloons out of business. Their claim and boast is that in every State where there is woman suffrage the State is dry altogether or partially dry. George Creel, writing for the Suffragettes in Century Magazine for March, 1914, page 667, says of The Liquor Traffic "With regard to the liquor traffic there can be no question that the voting woman is as bitterly opposed to the saloon as she is to the brothel. Kansas, of course, has had Statewide prohibition for years, and Illinois, Oregon and Arizona, where the woman vote is scarcely a year old, cannot be fairly counted either one way or the other. All the other seven, however, have local-option laws that are drying up the liquor traffic like some huge blotter. Wyoming is 90 per cent. dry. Colorado has fifty "dry" counties out of sixty-two. Only eighteen of Utah's twenty-eight counties are "wet", and sixteen of these are mining camps. Idaho, 90 per cent. dry, passed a search-and-seizure bill at the last session, also a law compelling an oath from patrons of drug stores; and California's list of "dry" towns has grown from 200 odd to over 600 since suffrage." -2- Note. - The California suffrage was then about one year old, and the vote in Illinois wasn't taken at the time of writing the article. Here in Roxbury, where millions of dollars are invested, you should at this time be active to protect your interests against anything that might lead to a wiping out of your means of earning a livelihood. Just as sure as we tell you, woman suffrage is headed that way and if it should win in this State be prepared to suffer the consequences. To this end we should judge the future by the past. For two years Mr. Timilty, Mr. Griffin and Mr. McManus have voted for woman suffrage, while for six years Mr. James McInerney has voted against it. He is the only one of the Candidates for Senator that has opposed woman suffrage consistently, therefore it should be the duty of everyone connected with the liquor business to promote his candidacy. The contest is between Mr. McInerney and Mr. Timilty. For your self-preservation you should shoulder your gun (ballot) and fight back, that we might show the Legislature of 1915 that this great Democratic District is opposed to Mr. Timilty or anyone else in favor of "woman suffrage". Most truly yours, Patrick McManus, 19 Sachem St., Ward 19 Fred Schild, 11 Hadwin Way, " 32 Thomas J. Galvin, 8 Schiller St. " 19 John J. McDevitt, 73 Iroquois St. Ward 19 James McGaffney, 55 Old Heath St. " 22 John P. Coakley, 29 Terrace St. " 19 Zebulon Potts, 186 Boylston St. " 22 [Copy of letter sent to a Saloon Keeper in Roxbury, (+ others) September 1914 - to influence the November Election.] The Woman's Column. Vol. XIII. New York and Boston, November 17, 1900. No. 23. The Woman's Column Published Fortnightly at 3 Park Street, Boston, Mass Editor: Alice Stone Blackwell. Subscription … 25 cents per annum. Advertising Rates … 25 cents per line. Entered as second class matter at the Boston, Mass. Post Office, Jan. 18, 1888. A National Disgrace. It has lately become known that the U. S. military authorities have introduced in the Philippines the system of State- licensed vice which prevails in France and some other dissolute foreign nations, but which has never till now been authorized in connection with the American army. The system is briefly as follows: Taking it for granted that the soldiers cannot or will not live uprightly, the military authorities issue official permits to houses of ill fame, and subject the women in them to compulsory medical surveillance, in the hope of thus lessening the hygienic dangers of vice. In the British army in India, until public indignation in England for a time put a stop to the system, it was the custom to provide quarters for these women as close as possible to the barracks, placing them directly in the way of the soldiers; to have them accompany the regiments, transporting them at government expense when the troops were moved from place to place; and to use every effort to induce the soldiers to consort with them, in the belief that the danger to health would be less than if the men visited other women who were not under medical supervision by the government. The duly authorized official prostitutes were commonly spoken of as "Queen's women." A Revolting Circular. On June 17, 1886, a "Circular Memorandum" was addressed by Major-General E. F. Chapman, Quartermaster-General in India, to "General Officers Commanding Divisions and Districts." It states in its second paragraph that it was written by order of General Sir Frederick (now Lord) Roberts, Commander-in-Chief in India, who "desires me to give prominence to the following points, which appear to be specially deserving of consideration by military and medical authorities in every command." The 9th paragraph of this "Circular Memorandum" indicates the tenor of the whole. This says: In the regimental bazars it is necessary to have a sufficient number of women; to take care that they are sufficiently attractive; and to provide them with proper houses. In compliance with these instructions, the officer commanding the Cheshire regiment at Solon caused the following application to be sent to the Cantonment Magistrate of Umballa: Second Cheshire Regiment. Requisition for extra attractive women for Regimental Bazar (Soldiers') in accordance with Circular Memorandum No. 21a. Office of the Quartermaster General in India, dated Simla, 17 June, 1886. Station. Strength No. of No. of of N. C. women extra Officers present. women and now Men. required. Solon, 9 July, 400 6 6 1886. Remarks: These women's fares by Ekkas from Umballa to Solon will be paid by the Cheshire regiment on arrival. Please send young and attractive women, as laid down in Quartermaster General's Circular No. 21a, dated Simla, 17, 6, '86. In remitting to the Assistant Quartermaster- General on Aug. 6, 1886, a copy of the foregoing requisition, the officer commanding the Cheshire regiment wrote: Some of the women now with the headquarters of the Second Battalion, Cheshire Regiment, are not very attractive, and application has been made to the Cantonment Magistrate, Umballa, for others, but up to date none have arrived; therefore it is presumed a great difficulty exists in procuring the class of young women asked for. The officer commanding the R Battery, Second Brigade, Field Artillery, Jullunder, wrote July 24, 1886: There are not enough women, and they are not attractive. More and younger women are required, and their houses should be improved. The officer commanding the Connaught Rangers at Jullunder, wrote to the Assistant Quartermaster General, July 9, 1886: The Cantonment Magistrate has already on more than one occasion been requested to obtain a number of younger and more attractive women, but with little or no success - he will be again appealed to … The Major-General commanding should invoke the aid of the Local Government by instructing the Cantonment Magistrates, whom they appoint, that they give all possible aid to commanding officers in procuring a sufficient number of young, attractive, and healthy women. The officer commanding at Jutogh wrote to the Assistant Quartermaster-General July 28, 1886: I have ordered the number of prostitutes to be increased to twelve, and have given special instructions as to the four additional women being young, and of attractive appearance. This demand of British officers for young and attractive Indian women led an organized traffic in girls. Commanding officers were known to authorize procuresses to go into villages to bring "young girls of hitherto pure life" for the soldiers. In some cases respectable parents among the poorer Hindoos were terrified into parting with their daughters for this purpose. Wherever a government undertakes to provide its soldiers with facilities for vice, it soon connives at, it does not actually instigate, the most highhanded and unscrupulous measures for keeping up the supply of women. This is especially apt to happen when troops are stationed in a foreign country, remote from the influence of public opinion at home, and among natives of a different race and color. In the Philippines. The State regulation of vice was introduced by the U. S. military authorities in the Philippines more than a year ago, but the fact has only become known in this country with the last few months. Rev. F. H. Morgan, treasurer of the Methodist mission at Singapore, testifies to the truth of the statement. Rev. Wilbur F. Crafts, D. D., of Washington, D. C., has published a letter to the same effect, from a Methodist missionary whose absolute reliability is vouched for by the Rev. A. B. Leonard, D. D., secretary of the Methodist Episcopal Board of Missions. This letter states that the writer has fully verified the reports, which he withheld until he could make personal investigation. He says of the official military brothels in the Sulu archipelago: The women, mostly Japanese, are segregated, and only soldiers allowed to consort with them; sentries are posted at the entrance to keep order, and prevent the entrance of natives or the escape of the women, and it is a recognized institution of our military occupation. [In all the countries where State regulation prevails, the women in the licensed houses are to a large extent slaves. A distinguished French advocate of the system has said with truth that under it "a woman who sacrifices her modesty, sacrifices also her liberty. She is no longer a person, but a thing belonging to the government;" and in Europe this principle is carried out in its full rigor. But the Chinese and Japanese girls bought for this purpose are slaves pure and simple, and have not even a semblance of free will.] William E. Johnson, who visited Manila as special correspondent of the Chicago New Voice, writes to that paper: In the Sulu Archipelago, official houses of prostitution have been opened on the canteen plan. The beginning has been made at Jolo, and General Kobbe, who is in command of the district, is credited with being the promoter of the project. In this archipelago, as well as in Mindanao, houses of this sort are unknown. Women of this character are also practically unknown. The (military) authorities rented three houses and imported enough girls from Japan to stock them all. One house is reserved for the officers and the other two for the men. The girls are regularly inspected by the army surgeons, and transact their business under their official direction … The natives, who have never before seen a house of ill fame, are much interested in the concern, but watch their own girls with unusual vigilance. Conditions in Manila. Of Manila, Mr. Johnson writes: Recently, while riding with the managing editor of one of the leading Manila daily papers, I passed the national ceme- 2 The Woman's Column tery at Malate. Pointing to the great sea of fresh mounds, he said, deliberately: "Far more of our boys who are lying there met their death through bad women and drink than through the bullets of the Filipinos." A few days ago I had a conversation with one of the head surgeons of the First Reserve Hospital in this city. He said: "During the past year a little more than three thousand cases of venereal diseases among soldiers have been treated at this hospital. During the time of the American occupation about sixty thousand sick soldiers have been treated in all the army hospitals in the Philippines. Of these, about ten thousand cases have been venereal diseases." With the advent of the American troops there came abandoned women from every corner of the earth. Not a prostitute can land in Manila without the express permission of the United States military authorities. It is widely advertised in the States that no prostitute is allowed to land, but no one in Manila regards this "rule" otherwise than as a joke. Instead of enforcing this so-called rule, the army officers have actually imported dissolute women, not only for the three canteen bagnios in Jolo, but also for this city. The best information that I can get in conversation with newspaper men, police reporters, and officials is that there are now about 200 regularly licensed houses of prostitution in Manila. In these establishments there are about 600 prostitutes under the direct control of the military authorities. This does not include the swarms of loose women who have rooms and who prowl about the streets. The prostitution business of the city is conducted under the supervision of a regular department of the military government, the Department of Municipal Inspection. The chief of this "department of prostitution" is Captain Todd, who has under him a large staff of assistants, inspectors, doctors, etc. The department is run on alleged scientific principles. A rigid system of control, medical examination, and official "inspection" is in force, the same system which is advertised by zealots to "remove all danger of contagion of this sort." No woman is allowed to open an establishment of this kind without express permission of the military authorities. Moreover, she is obliged to take out a wine-and-beer license, at a cost of one hundred pesos for each six months. In addition, each inmate is obliged to submit to a medical examination once each week by the regularly authorized military physicians, and to pay four pesos for each examination. A book is given to each girl, on the cover of which is her photograph and inside a bunch of blank "certificates of inspection." When each examination is made, the officer fills out and signs a certificate that the person examined is free from disease. In case the girl is found infected, the doctor sends her to the "Hospital de Inspeccion," where she is kept until well. While in the hospital she must pay for her keeping. She is not allowed to take any treatment outside of the hospital, unless it be from a physician recommended by the superintendent, who is also in the "push." Major Ira Brown's Report Mr. Johnson adds that Major Ira Brown, of the Military Board of Health, lately made an elaborate report to his superiors, recommending a great extension of the system. He admitted the frightful prevalence of the maladies against which "regulation" is supposed to furnish protection, but claimed that the soldiers contracted them, not from the duly authorized official prostitutes, but from others. As a remedy, he urged that a "reservation" in three sections be set apart in Manila for women of bad character, the first section to be confined to American girls, the second to foreign women, and the third to native Filipino girls. This report, which is described as "unprintable," is said to have been favorably considered, but action upon it was postponed till after the presidential election. Mr. Johnson's article in the New Voice is illustrated with photographs of licensed houses of ill fame decorated with American flags, and is accompanied by facsimiles of health certificates, signed by Dr. J. Abells, government physician. Objections to the System. For many years, frequent efforts have been made by the advocates of "State regulation" to introduce it in the United States, but public opinion has promptly put an end to these attempts. The first and most obvious objection to it is its essential immorality. The second is its injustice to women. When it was proposed to subject dissolute soldiers as well as dissolute women to medical examination, Lord Sandhurst refused with indignation, declaring that a compulsory examination of this kind was too great a degradation to impose upon any man, and that he "proposed to treat his men as men, and not as brutes." Some advocates of "regulation" have objected to woman suffrage on the express ground that if women could vote the introduction of the system would be impossible. Many years ago, when a bill to establish the State regulation of vice was pending in the California Legislature, a woman secured the introduction of a parody upon it, a bill exactly similar, except that its provisions were applied to men instead of to women. It this form, the odious and tyrannical character of the proposed legislation was so clear that the second bill killed the first, and buried it under overwhelming ridicule. A third objection is the obvious impossibility of stamping out any sort of contagion by sequestering only the women affected by it, while the men similarly affected are allowed to go about freely and spread it. A fourth is the fact, fully demonstrated in England and wherever "regulation" has been tried, that the illusion of security increases vice. The two chief deterrents have been said to be "the fear of God and the fear of consequences." Regulation removes the fear of consequences, without, however, removing the consequences. The resort of many men to one woman is an unnatural practice, which no precautions can render safe. Science has as yet discovered no means by which a community can be generally addicted to vice without suffering from the consequences that naturally result from vice. The only way to avoid the consequence is to avoid the cause. Professor James Stuart, of London, emphatically compares the promise of hygienic security held out by government regulation to "a light-house to draw men on the rocks." Roosevelt on Regulation. In the European countries where State regulation has prevailed for centuries, the results have been beyond description in the corruption of the police, the oppression and cruelty exercised upon the miserable women, the deadening of the public conscience, and the complete shamelessness produced. Theodore Roosevelt says, in a letter lately published in the N. Y. Philanthropist: At one time I used to acquiesce when people said that the evil should be licensed for the purpose of controlling it. Since you called my attention to the results in Paris and Belgium, I have made some inquiries, and I cannot sufficiently express my horror of the system. It Always Fails The system of State regulation was tried in England itself for a time, for the benefit of the army and navy, and was then repealed by an enormous Parliamentary majority. Parliament also voted that the system should be abolished in India; but the military authorities there were much attached to it, and they quietly disobeyed. A few years ago two American women travelling in India, Mrs. Andrew and Dr. Bushnell, found the objectionable system in full force. They went to England and reported the facts. Lord Roberts, Commander- in-Chief for India, denied them. A Parliamentary committee of inquiry was appointed; the facts were proved beyond dispute, and Lord Roberts retracted and made a public apology to the two American ladies. He said he had not known what was going on. While the State regulation of vice prevailed in India, the health statistics of the army grew worse. As soon as it was stopped, the health statistics improved. After a time, however, they began to retrograde again, and four years ago the British War Office sent to the Army Sanitary Commission an inquiry as to the wisdom of re-introducing the system. The Army Sanitary Commission is the highest sanitary authority known to the War Office, and is officially consulted on questions of especial gravity. It is composed of the highest officers, both military and medical. In their published reply, they said that the health of the army in India was undoubtedly in a bad way, but that the remedy was not so easy to find. Referring to the belief of some persons that the re-introduction of State regulation would accomplish the object, the Army Sanitary Commission continued: Unfortunately, the facts do not support such an opinion. When the rules were first promulgated, the Sanitary Department was sanguine that venereal diseases would be reduced to a mere fraction, and, even after years of unsuccessful results, it was still hoped that with greater care and increased stringency the desired end might yet be obtained; but there can be no question that the outcome was a failure. These diseases increased. … Statistical returns from the Army Medical Department in the army at home (in England) do not show any more favorable results during the time the Acts were in operation. As a matter of fact, the ratio of admissions (to hospital) per 1,000 has decreased since the Acts have been abolished. In spite of this record of failure, the system in a modified form has lately been again introduced in India, though it would not be tolerated in England. As in our case, the military authorities have The Woman's Column 3 done in a distant and foreign dependency what they could not venture to do at home. Protests to the President. The General Officers of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, at their business meeting held in Rochester, N. Y., on Sept. 1, 1900, adopted by a unanimous vote the following memorial to President McKinley: Whereas, The European system of State regulation of vice has been introduced into Manila by the U. S. army authorities, therefore Resolved, That we earnestly protest against this action, for the following reasons: 1. To issue permits to houses of ill fame is contrary to good morals, and must impress both our soldiers and the natives as giving official sanction to vice. 2. It is a violation of justice to apply to vicious women compulsory medical measures which are not applied to vicious men. 3. Official regulation of vice, while it lowers the moral tone of the community, everywhere fails to protect the public health. In Paris, the head centre of the system, rigid regulation has prevailed for more than a century, yet that city is scourged to a notorious degree by the class of maladies against which regulation is designed to guard, and the Municipal Council of Paris has repeatedly recommended its abolition. England tried it in her garrison towns, for the benefit of her soldiers and sailors, and repealed it by a heavy Parliamentary majority, after seventeen years' experience had proved it to be a complete sanitary failure, as well as a fruitful source of demoralization. It has been repealed throughout Switzerland, except in Geneva, and is the object of a strong and growing opposition in every country where it still prevails. State-licensed and State-supervised brothels are contrary to the spirit of American institutions, and in St. Louis, the only city of the United States that ever tried the system, it was abolished at the end of four years, with only one dissenting vote in the city council. The United States should not adopt a method that Europe is discarding, nor introduce in our foreign dependencies a system that would not be tolerated at home. We protest in the name of American womanhood; and we believe that this protest represents also the opinion of the best American manhood. Carrie Chapman Catt, President. Susan B. Anthony, Honorary Pres. Anna H. Shaw, Vice-President. Alice Stone Blackwell, Rec. Sec. Rachel Foster Avery, Cor. Sec. Harriet Taylor Upton, Treasurer. Laura Clay, Auditor. Catherine Waugh McCulloch, Auditor. Protests have also been sent to Washington by the National Purity Alliance and the National Woman's Christian Temperance Union. To all these, George D. Meiklejohn, Acting Secretary of War, has replied, saying that "so far as this department is advised, no such conditions obtain as set forth in your letter," and promising an investigation. But on page 262 of Part II. of the report of the Major- General commanding the army, which is a part of the published annual report of the War Department for the year ending June 30, 1899, there appears the official record of the establishment on June 3, 1899, of Captain Todd's "Bureau of Inspection." There can no longer be any doubt as to the facts. This evil system has been quietly introduced in the Philippines without the knowledge of the people at home. It never could have been done with their knowledge. A bill introduced in the Massachusetts Legislature three years ago by Thomas F. Keenan, proposing to license houses of ill fame, did not receive a single vote except that of Mr. Keenan himself. Public opinion in the United States is overwhelmingly against that method of dealing with the social evil. What is needed is to bring this public opinion to bear upon the authorities at Washington. Protests ought to rain in upon the President and the War Office from all those who do not wish to see our soldiers demoralized by the official sanction of vice, and public opinion degraded to the low plane it has reached in France and Belgium, where the State-licensed brothel is as much a recognized public institution as the post office. Action should be taken promptly, as when State regulation gets firmly rooted, and a multitude of doctors and inspectors are deriving a large income from the fees for the medical examinations, it becomes a great "vested interest," and is much harder to overthrow. Let every woman who reads this article write a letter of protest to Mr. McKinley, and get her husband or some other voter to write also, as the protests of voters have more weight than those of women. Let petitions be sent in by every religious body, by every Home and Foreign Missionary Society, by every Equal Suffrage Association, and by every woman's club. Let as much be done to exclude State- licensed vice from the Philippines as was done to exclude Brigham H. Roberts from Congress, and we may hope for the same success. Persons who wish to get evidence as to the sanitary failure of State licensed vice in the countries where it has been tried, and its demoralizing effect upon all concerned, can be supplied with ample proofs and statistics by addressing the office of the Federation for the Abolition of State Regulation of Vice, 17 Tothill Street, Westminster, S. W., London, England. The Western Women Voters. The reports in the Eastern papers of the elections in the Western States are calculated to give the advocates of equal rights both pleasure and amusement - pleasure because of the acknowledgment that the women cast a very large vote in all the equal suffrage States, and amusement at the contradictory motives attributed to them. Thus we are told that in Utah: The only woman candidate ran behind her ticket and was defeated. The women were against her, apparently, for the reason that she was a woman. Her small vote is attributed almost entirely to the opposition of her own sex. On the other hand, we are told: Heretofore the women voters of Wyoming have paid little or no attention to the elections, except in certain districts where a woman was running against a man for office, when they turned out en masse and always defeated the male candidate. It is a pity that the persons who invented these two stories did not have a chance to put their heads together before publishing them; they could have made their accounts agree better. In Utah, according to this same report, "There is no was of distinguishing the ballots cast by the women from those of the men." Then how can it be known that the woman candidate was defeated by the women? In previous years, whenever a woman in Utah has been defeated or has run behind her ticket, the Eastern papers have said that it was because all the women refused to vote for her; but the Utah women have always indignantly denied this, and have said that it was because the name of the woman candidate was "scratched" by the conservatives of both sexes. Again, it is asserted that in Utah the women voted much more under the influence of the Mormon Church than the men did; and in the same report we are assured that "the women voted practically as did the men. Instances are comparatively few where the women in the family voted in opposition to father, husband, or brother. Most of the women appeared to gain their political views form this source." Then few women can have voted the church ticket except when the men of the family did so. As for the statement that in Wyoming the women have "always defeated the male candidate," Wyoming happens to be the only one of the four equal suffrage States where no woman has ever been elected to the Legislature, although full suffrage has prevailed there for thirty-one years. But the most monstrous assertion is that until this year "the women of Wyoming have paid little or no attention to the elections." According to the official report of the Wyoming secretary of State, ninety per cent. of the women voted at the presidential election four years ago. Many years before that, Judge Kingman of the Supreme Court of Wyoming collected statistics showing that as a rule about nine- tenths of the women voted. It would be easy to fill columns with testimony from Chief Justices and other dignitaries to the large size of the women's vote and its good results. But if all the judges of the Supreme Court say one thing, and an anonymous letter says the contrary, the opponents of equal rights will elect to believe the anonymous letter every time. While the dispatches from the equal suffrage States differ like Kilkenny cats in every other respect, they all admit that the women cast a very large vote, despite the fact that the anti-suffragists just before election published in almost every daily paper in the country a prediction that less than 50 per cent of the women in those four States would go to the polls. Wyoming and Utah went Republican; Colorado and Idaho, Democratic. Alice Stone Blackwell. The Yellow Ribbon Speaker Equal Rights Readings and Recitations, in Prose and Verse, compiled by Rev. Anna H. Shaw, Alice Stone Blackwell, and Lucy E. Anthony. For sale at Woman's Journal Office, 6 Park St., Boston, Mass. Price, postpaid, 50 cents. 4 The Woman's Column. Bazar Notes. A National Suffrage Bazar will open in Madison Square Garden, New York City, on Dec. 3, and contributions of money and goods are invited form all persons who believe in equal rights for women. Mrs. M. B. McSweeney, wife of the Governor of south Carolina, has given a doll to the coming National Suffrage Bazar, as has Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt, of New York. There is no sectional line in interest in woman suffrage. The Iowa suffragists have promised to give to the Suffrage Bazar a car-load of hogs, different members of the Association contributing one pig apiece. As the animals could not well be placed on the Iowa table at the Bazar, they will be sold in Des Moines and the money forwarded. When miss Laura Clay, president of the Kentucky Equal Rights Association, promised to give a fat hog to the Bazar, she did not foresee what a procession of pigs would follow her "suffrage shote." Every Massachusetts author who believes in suffrage is asked to give to the Lucy Stone Table one copy of his most popular book, with his autograph on the first page. Mrs. Livermore, Mrs. Howe, Alice Brown, Lilian Whiting - in fact, all who have been asked thus far have cheerfully consented. But not nearly all have yet been asked. Let all suffragists who have authors among their friends prefer the request. Mrs. Judith W. Smith, 76 White St., East Boston, Mass., asks friends of suffrage to send her any bits of old silk from which pieces six inches by four can be cut, as she is making little bags to hold Irish moss, a large quantity of which she is willing to give to the Bazar. One friend presented her with six yards of ribbon four inches wide, which proved just the thing; and a lady in Bridgewater has sent her twelve bags already made. The bags of Irish moss proved very profitable at the last Bazar, and Mrs. Smith is ready to give an unlimited quantity of the moss. A quantity of delicious home-made grape juice has been contributed for the Lucy Stone Table by Mrs. Coy, price 40 cents per bottle. It is now for sale at 3 Park Street, Boston. This grape juice is greatly enjoyed by invalids who can relish nothing else, and is said to be very good for patients convalescent from the grippe. Mrs. Mary Whiting, 10 Washington St. Newton, Mass., will give four barrels of hand-picked Baldwin apples, to be sold for the benefit of the Lucy Stone Table at the Suffrage Bazar; price $1.50 per barrel. They will be delivered free in Newton, Somerville, Cambridge, or any town that is within reach by Mrs. Whiting's team. If you want one barrel, or more, write to Mrs. Whiting. This is a good chance to secure fine apples and to help woman suffrage at the same time. Massachusetts suffragists will please notice with care the following directions how to send goods. How to Send Goods. Goods for the Bazar should be sent direct to New York, when possible, instead of being first expressed to 3 Park Street, Boston, and then re-expressed from here. But those who cannot conveniently send their contributions to New York may bring or send them to 3 Park Street, and they will be safely forwarded. Parcels weighing less than four pounds can often be sent more economically by mail than by express. All mail packages should be addressed: "Lucy Stone Table, Care Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt, 2008 American Tract Society Building, New York City." Packages weighing over four pounds and under a hundred pounds should be sent by prepaid express. Send them, if possible, by the United States Express Company, as this company has agreed to give storage, free of charge, to all goods for the Bazar received after Nov. 15, and the goods will be absolutely safe in their hands. Mrs. Catt calls our attention to the fact that if goods are sent by this company it will save expense at the New York end of the line, and will ensure safety from thieves. Goods sent by the United States Express Company should be addressed: "Lucy Stone Table, National Suffrage Bazar, Madison Square Garden, New York City," and should be sent not earlier than Nov. 15, and not later than Friday, Nov. 30, the day after Thanksgiving. It will be better to send them a few days earlier if possible. The Bazar will open on Monday, Dec. 3. Packages sent by any other than the United States Express should be addressed: "Lucy Stone Table, Care Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt, 2008 American Tract Society Building, New York City," and a letter should be mailed to Mrs. Catt at the same time, announcing that they have been sent. Packages weighing over a hundred pounds ay be sent either by express or by freight; but it requires a very much longer time for them to make the journey as freight. Whether goods are sent by mail, express, or freight, be sure to put on the outside of the box, barrel, or package, "Lucy Stone Table," or it will go astray. Express or freight must be prepaid. Special Offer. As there is a lively and healthful emulation between the States just now, each seeking to raise, by entertainments and otherwise, the largest possible sum to swell its Bazar money, the editors of the Woman's Journal make the following special offer: From now till the opening of the National Bazar on Dec. 3, any one obtaining a new yearly subscriber to the Woman's Journal at $1.50, or a new three months' subscriber at 25 cents, may keep half the money, and turn it, if desired, into the Bazar fund of that State. The Bazar money of every State can be largely increased, if the officers and members of each suffrage club will do a little active canvassing for our paper during the next three weeks. Sample copies will be sent free on application. Address, 3 Park St., Boston, Mass. The Fortnightly. At the Fortnightly of the Massachusetts W. S. A. last Tuesday, Mrs. Mary A. Livermore presided. The following resolution was passed: Whereas, half the pupils in the public schools are girls and nine-tenths of the teachers women; therefore Resolved, That we urge both the Republican and the Democratic parties to follow the good example of the Public School Association by nominating at least two women for the school board. We urge all women to see that their names are on the list before registration closes on Nov. 21. We also call attention to the fact that the school election is not an exclusively feminine function, and we urge the fathers as well as the mothers of Boston to do their utmost to secure the nomination and election of the best possible candidate. The next Fortnightly, on Nov. 27, will be addressed by Miss Anna Barrows, editor of the American Kitchen Magazine, and one of the Public School Association's candidates for the school board, on "Housekeeping as a Profession." Various American colleges are offering free tuition to Filipino young men who will go back and become school teachers. It is to be hoped that the Filipino young women will not be forgotten. The Woman's Journal. Founded by Lucy Stone. A Weekly Newspaper, published every Saturday in Boston, devoted to the interests of woman - to her educational, industrial, legal and political equality, and especially to her right of suffrage. Editors: Henry B. Blackwell, Alice Stone Blackwell. Assistant Editors: Florence M. Adkinson Catharine Wilde. Occasional Contributors: Julia Ward Howe, Mary A. Livermore, Helen E. Villard, Alice Wellington Rollins, Mary Putnam Jacobi, M. D., Frances E. Willard, Laura M. Johns, Lillie Devereux Blake, Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward, Harriet Prescott Spofford, Dr. Emily Blackwell, Dr. Lelia G. Bedell, Dr Alida C. Avery, Adelaide A. Claflin, Candace Wheeler, Baroness Alexandra Gripenberg, Prof. Ellen Hayes. Sample copies FREE. First year on trial, $1.50. Regular price per year, $2.50. To Libraries and Reading Rooms, 1.25. Address Woman's Journal, Boston, Mass "The best source of information upon the woman question that I know." - Clara Barton. "The best woman's paper in the United States, or in the world." - Englishwoman's Review. "It is an armory of weapons to all who are battling for the rights of humanity." - Mary A. Livermore. "It is an exceedingly bright paper, and what is far better, a just one. I could not do without it." - "Josiah Allen's Wife" (Marietta Holly). "The Woman's Journal has long been my outlook upon the great and widening world of woman's work, worth and victory. It has no peer in this noble office and ministry. Its style is pure and its spirit exalted." - Frances E. Willard. "It is the most reliable and extensive source of information regarding what women are doing, what they can do, and what they should do. It is the oldest of the women's papers now in existence, and has built up for itself a solid and unblemished . reputation." - Julia Ward Howe. Woman Suffrage Tracts. Tracts for use in debate, forty different kinds, postpaid, for 10 cents. These leaflets include speeches by Secretary John D. Long, Clara Barton, Hon. Geo. F. Hoar, Frances Willard, and others, as well as valuable testimony from States which have woman Suffrage. Address Leaflet Department, M. W. S. A., 3 Park St., Boston, Mass. ]on Circuit. ]—FRIDAY, AUGUST 6, 1915. AUBURNDALE. The Circuit is on sale in Newton by A. V. Harrington, in Newtonville by F. L. Tainter, in West Newton by C. H. Stacy and at B. & A. station, in Auburndale by W. F. Hadlock. Miss A. Berg of Auburndale avenue is the guest of friends at Atlantic. Miss Katherine J. Melody it passing her vacation at Old Orchard, Maine. Mrs. Mortimer H. Clark has returned from a brief outing on the cape. Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Spaulding of Wolcott street are enjoying a western trip. Miss Marjorie Miller of Chaske avenue is the guest of friends at North Falmouth. Miss Mary Cutler has returned from a sojourn of several months' duration in California. Mr. John M. Burr of Auburn street has returned from Winthrop, where he passed the month of July. Mr. and Mrs. Franklin T. Miller have returned from a protracted sojourn at Nappa, California. Captain Edwin J. Giles of Commonwealth avenue has gone to Newfoundland for the month of August. Several stores have been opened in the new block at the corner of Commonwealth avenue and Lexington street. Rev. Francis E. Clark is slowly convalescing from his recent serious illness at his summer home in Sagamore beach. Latest reports from his bedside are most encouraging. Mr. Walter P. Thorn has returned from a sojourn of several days' duration on his farm at Peacham, Vermont. Mrs. Wilson Edmunds and Miss Edmunds of Grove street are passing their vacation in the White mountains. Miss Helen M. Crane and Miss Anna Farrington of Maple street are passing a few weeks at Ogunquit, Maine. Mr. and Mrs. J. Ernest Mullen of Commonwealth avenue have returned from a motor trip through the Berkshires. Mr. and Mrs. Louis M. Gates of Crescent street have returned from a brief outing at Hampton beach, New Hampshire. Patronize the home merchant. Obituary. Mr. Isaac M. Lord of Camden road died quite suddenly on Thursday of last week at Needham, death being caused by over exertion in a long walk. He was in his 75th year, and was employed for many years in the Waltham Watch factory. He was a member of Charles Ward post, No. 62, G. A. R. He leaves a widow and a son, Mr. Charles H. Lord of this village. Funeral services were held on Saturday afternoon at this late residence, Rev. George S. Butters, D. D., officiating. The interment was in Mt. Hope cemetery. STYLISH MILLINERY. E. J. CUNNINGHAM'S LADIES' HATTER 243 Washington Street, Newton WALTER E. REID OSTEOPATH BOSTON OFFICE 701 COLONIAL BUILDING 100 BOYLSTON STREET Telephone, Oxford 99 Engagements at either office by appointment from 8 to 5. Also evenings Established 1857. Tel., Brookline 1367.W. JOHN C. BARTHELMES, Undertaker and Embalmer 64 Harvard St., Brookline, Mass. Residence, 32 Bowker St. 'Phone 1367-R. Reasonable prices, prompt service, day or night. Lady assistant when required. for the nomination of candidates to be voted for by districts. October 11, 5 P. M.—Last day and hour for filing nomination papers of candidates. October 11, 5 P. M.—Last day and hour for filing written acceptance by candidates to be voted for at large whose names were not printed on the primary ballots. October 14, 5 P. M.—Last day and hour for filing written acceptance by candidates to be voted for by districts, whose names were not printed on the primary ballots. October 14, 5 P. M.—Last day and hour for filing certificates of nomination of candidates to be voted for by districts. October 14, 5 P. M.—Last day and hour for filing withdrawals of or objections to nominations of candidates. October 18, 5 P. M.—Last day and hour for filing vacancies caused by withdrawals. Certificates of nomination, nomination papers, objections and withrawals (sic) are all to be filed with the secretary of the commonwealth. November 2.—State election. The Newton Circuit. Two Points of View. At a public meeting on Boston common on July the 25th two speakers approached the temperance question from the characteristic standpoint of their kind. One speaker was Mr. Joseph Lee, famed for his playground and social service work, now a member of Boston's school committee, which is co-operating in social service betterment; the other was Hon. Samuel W. McCall, candidate for the Republican nomination for governor of Massachusetts. While both spoke truth the first spoke with that depth of purpose that moves his hearers to accept his facts and deductions and agree with him; while the other spoke in the platitudinous vein that convinces no one and was not intended to, rather with the apparent purpose of "not offending" those who profit by intemperance, or who which "to have no human right abridged." The more significant part of their remarks are printed herewith. Mr. Lee said in part: "In point of fact, we don't need a substitute for rum any more than we need a substitute for tuberculosis or any other human evil. What we want is to get rid of it. The war in Europe has taught the world how necessary it is to cut out rum. Some men drink to get up their courage, but that's only Dutch courage - a coward's courage - the courage of a man afraid of the thing he is up against. "It is possible that we need a substitute for the sociability which the saloon affords, although that is in reality as much a fake as the courage which rum is supposed to give men. Now there are plenty of recreations which men enjoy more than rum and which leave them feeling a good deal better - better citizens, better fathers, better neighbors and better workers in the world. We have in this city a beautiful park system. It encircles the whole city and it is all free. We have these beautiful public gardens, we have this beautiful common, and over there is a fine band concert. Try and realize what these things mean in terms of health, of mind and body. "We have 50 playgrounds in this city for our boys and girls, furnishing recreation and health to thousands. We are - I am speaking of the school committee now - establishing school centres where all the people can meet, for they are yours, and where they can sing in choruses and do many other things that will tend to a bigger sociability and a bigger sense of importance in the community. Help us this year to make our school centers what they must become. Let us make of this city a place where men will want to be alive every waking hour of the day, not to escape into the temporary or permanent suicide of drink." Mr. McCall said in part: "It is one of the most hopeful signs of the times that the liquor problem is being studied at every angle by men in every walk of life, and a public opinion is being created with regard to it which will lead to a right solution. Not one idea alone, but many ideas must be brought to bear. There must be law and there must be public sentiment. Public sentiment alone will do much to increase the area of temperance, but obviously it cannot deal with the problem alone. Law, on the other hand, without public sentiment behind it, is of little use and indeed is likely to do positive harm. "One effective way of combating the saloon, although not solving by any means the whole question, is for society to furnish the things that very many men today can find nowhere else but in the saloon. The civic club is not an untried institution and it may be maintained at very little expense. We have superb schoolhouses and many of them are in use scarcely a quarter of the time. This large investment should not be permitted to run to waste, but should be utilized and in this city there are in many of the schoolhouses civic clubs, where men, women and children may come together and have all the social benefits of the club. A club of that sort is to my mind a great improvement over the club of the ordinary kind. One of the leading clubmen of Boston said to me a few days ago that were he living his life over again he would not be a member of any club. Many men, instead of frequenting clubs, should be at home playing with their youngsters and then will get acquainted with their families. "But the civic club brings families together, the men as well as the women and the boys and girls with them. They may discuss the athletic events of the day, play games, exchange information and even in many of our school buildings they may take part in athletics. Such clubs may be made to contribute greatly to the social life of a community and meet the demand that is now for many men met only by the saloon. The boys' clubs which are found in so many cities, which have their meeting places upon street corners, will steadily drift toward the saloon if no attractive substitute for it is found. "A proper use of the schoolhouse property, supplemented in some instances by club houses such as they have in Germany, would do a very great work for temperance. "Many of our churches are already awake to the idea I have been presenting. Not so long ago the church buildings were utilized only a portion of each Sunday and for an occasional weekday evening. Now with the "Big Brother" clubs, the "Mutual Aid clubs" and the total abstinence leagues they are making the churches more and more social centers. They are promoting the social element and at the same time the cause of temperance which is an important part of religion. "The South Carolina dispensary law has done away entirely with the social feature connected with the selling of liquor and has put that calling upon the most prosaic basis. Undoubtedly it has to that extent very much diminished the consumption of liquor and increased practical temperance. It has by not means solved the whole problem, but it has made a very substantial contribution toward it." The American Issue Monthly National Edition November, 1935 All Roads Lead to St. Louis December 1-4 Inclusive Here will be held the Twenty-eighth National Convention of the Anti-Saloon League of America The New Advance Against Beverage Alcohol on a Nation-Wide Scale will be Inaugurated The most vital decisions since repeal of prohibition, on policy, strategy and procedure, will be made at this gathering The Hour has Struck for Action Come and help with your counsel and experience to formulate this new offensive against beverage alcohol. In this issue will be found the program, and all information relative to hotels, transportation, etc., you will need as a delegate. Moderation Time is not only a great healer, it is also a great interpreter. The statement of William Lloyd Garrison relative to the institution of human slavery, uttered almost a hundred years ago, was considered extreme, severe, provocative and fanatical. Today these same words do not stir up such manifestations of hatred or arouse such bitter resentment and antagonism as they did a century ago, when he emphatically declared: "I will be as harsh as to think or speak or write with moderation. No, no, tell a man whose house is on fire to give a moderate alarm; … but urge me not to use moderation in cause like the present." Moderation is the appeal of every anti-social institution to those who stand for social welfare and justice. Moderation is the attitude recommended by every special privileged interest to those who believe in equal rights. Moderation is the magic word, which, because of its suggestion of softness and smoothness may sound like an "appeal to reason" even though it be nothing more than an insidious appeal to appetite. Moderation is the baited hook with which the forces of avarice and greed seek to catch the gullible. Moderation Leagues, moderation advocates, moderation newspapers, moderation propaganda, have always been part and parcel of the beverage alcohol promotion program. The present pro-liquor moderation activities are not new. They are not essentially different from those of the old saloon period. The liquor interests today urge moderation on those who oppose the liquor traffic and all its works. They emphasize moderation in drinking intoxicants especially for effect upon all those who can be induced to leave the abstainers' ranks. As a matter of fact, almost every possible interest for which the liquor traffic stands is served by propaganda for moderation. Ernest H. Cherrington. The American Issue An advocate of Christian Patriotism Monthly National Edition Westerville, Ohio, November, 1935 Volume XLII Number 9 Ernest H. Cherrington, Editor Samuel J. Fickel, Managing Editor Contributing Editors William E. Johnson Cora Frances Stoddard Evil Results of Repeal Demand New Offensive Drive Against the Beverage Alcohol Traffic "Set sail my men, The time has come For shipwreck or millennium." -From the appeal of Columbus to the crew of his flagship which threatened mutiny, From Edw. Markham's poem, "Columbus" The Twenty-eighth National Convention of the Anti-Saloon League of America, meeting in St. Louis December 1 to 4 inclusive, will mark the beginning of a nation-wide movement against the beverage liquor traffic under conditions as propitious for the hastening of a national prohibition victory as those prevailing at the time of the Columbus convention of 1913 which launched the drive for the Eighteenth Amendment. Now as then the liquor traffic by its utter disregard of law and order and its indifference to public opinion, signs its own death warrant. While it is true that today there is not the extent of dry territory as of 1917 to enhearten the voters, nevertheless there is a rich deposit of benefits from national prohibition that will more than compensate for this loss of a source of inspiration to fight again for a dry nation. Rising Tide of Resentment Resentment against the saloon is growing in volume and intensity Men and women everywhere are crying out against the disastrous results of the "liquor traffic out of control." On every hand in the social, industrial, governmental and moral fields of life they see the heart-breaking effects of a rapidly increasing consumption of beverage alcohol. Killing Bodies and Souls without Regard to Age or Sex A trail of blood and wrecked automobiles follows our national and state highways from coast to coast, from the Canadian border to the gulf and through village and city streets. Boys and girls of teen age are staging "parties" in roadhouses and saloons so revolting as to shock "old-timers" and to alarm the "elite" of the repealists who are demanding moderation. Cocktail parties in thousands of homes are capturing large numbers of the women of America for permanent membership in the ranks of confirmed alcoholics. Distillers are appealing through alluring advertisements in women's magazines to the women to drink and serve drinks as "good and perfect hostesses." Mortgaging the Future Mother of tomorrow in large numbers are mortgaging the welfare of their posterity. Repeal has brought many innovations but none more alarming than women crowding men from the barrooms much to the dismay of bartenders, or of babes in arms carried into booze joints, lower in character than any tolerated in the hey-day of license, while mother or father, or both, imbibe intoxicating liquor; and more distressing still the sight of our young high school girls serving as barmaids. Invading Residential Districts The night air in residential districts is made hideous with the howling and ribald laughter, and the brawlings from the neighborhood saloon, while the decent folks stand helpless to protect themselves in many communities in the face of "control laws" that deny You are cordially invited to attend and participate in the 28th National Convention of the Anti-Saloon League of America St. Louis, Missouri, December 1-4, inclusive The American Issue 3 them a vote. Murders in these modernized saloons are of frequent occurrence, there being two in two different beer joints in the city of Columbus, Ohio, within the last month. Once again as in "the good old wet days" homes are found in almost any community where comfort and peace once existed, now transformed into hovels where little children are hungry and naked, and mothers are in the depths of despair, because of drink. These are but a few of the very obvious damning results of repeal on the social life of America. Bad Business Policy - A Liability, not an Asset Its results upon our economic life are equally apparent and harmful. Our drink bill approximates the peak record of pre-prohibition days with every indication that it will soon exceed it, if not speedily checked; state operated saloons are crowded with thirsty patrons, especially Saturday nights and evenings preceding holidays and special gala days, men and women under 30 years of age predominating. Beer saloons (those where beer is the only intoxicating liquor legally sold are the rare exception) are usually packed to suffocation at nights; cabarets with floor shows with girl "entertainers" in the nude or semi-nude, are reaping a rich harvest for the brewer and distiller; restaurants by the hundreds are gradually but certainly paying less attention to food and more to booze, and department stores, grocery stores and drug stores are prominently displaying "bottled goods' and pushing liquor sales. Merchants and manufacturers dealing in useful and necessary commodities stand helplessly by and see these millions of dollars pouring into the coffers of distiller and brewer and their own market wrecked. People Go Hungry While Brewers' Cash Register Merrily Rings Except for those employed in public works the number of unemployed is as great as when repeal, which was promised to give work to hundreds of thousands, became effective; these jobless men and women, tens of thousands of them, are walking the streets looking for the job that is not to be had; government relief offices are besieged by men and women, boys and girls begging for food and clothing; flop houses are filled to overflowing by the homeless wanderers, (according to one investigator 250,000 boy and girl tramps aimlessly wandered throughout the length and breadth of our country last year) - such is the lot of millions of the people in this day while millions of dollars are spent for liquor as a means to bring back prosperity. Blue Mondays Here Again The "blue Monday" of days of yore has come back with redoubled force, and many employees in store and shop and factory are receiving a card of dismissal at the hands of John Barleycorn. Repeal is demonstrating that the licensed manufacture and sale of beverage alcohol is an economic liability and never an asset. Repeal has Fostered and Promoted Corrupt Government Repeal has had a most demoralizing influence upon government. Scandals involving high public officials growing out of the states' venture into the saloon business involving as it does millions of dollars are multiplying by leaps and bounds. Under no system of dealing with the liquor traffic ever devised was the opportunity for graft so inviting as under this so-called state control plan. Revelations resulting from investigations in numerous states indicate that both cash and political patronage has been paid with a lavish hand. Special favors to pet brewers and distillers are freely distributed, according to charges made by opposing political factions in many states. Apparently Revenue is Government's Chief Concern Saloonkeepers with political influence violate every "control" regulation with impunity. Liquor plays a bigger role in government than ever known in the history of this nation. The government's chief concern in enforcement of the liquor regulations apparently is revenue, while the cost of enforcement is far greater than was the enforcement of prohibition. Both government and state enforcement department of prohibition. Both government and state enforcement departments are finding it necessary to continually increase their staff. The amount of revenue from liquor is a sore disappointment to the national administration, and in the face of it all states are demanding a smaller Federal tax, - Ohio at this writing asking for a reduction of one-half, "in order to compete with the bootlegger." Eads Bridge, one of the famous show places of St. Louis This engineering marvel required ten years to build. It's two decks provide for vehicular traffic and trains 4 The American Issue Bootleggers' Paradise The bootleggers, rum-runners and moonshiners find "control" to be a trade booster and protector for them, with the result that they are doing a business, in volume, according to the chief of the Federal liquor control administration, equal to the legal trade. Liquor's Allied Vices are Given Official Recognition But corrupt as the "control" system is, within itself, its effect upon legislation and enforcement of law governing other ancient evils is even more harmful. Licensing liquor was the first step toward licensing gambling of all sorts, the revival of legally recognized vice districts, and the official toleration of filthy shows and magazines, all of which offer opportunity for bribery, graft and hush money. It is probably true that our cities for the most part are "wider open" and with less concern on the part of city officials than in many decades. Deceiving our Youth But worst of all, everyone knows who has any knowledge whatsoever of the nature of alcohol that our Federal and state governments are wickedly deceiving the boys and girls in the declaration that a beverage containing not more than 3.2 per cent of alcohol by weight is not intoxicating. It is bad governmental policy to barter its future men and women for a few dollars of revenue. It is bad for the future and bad for the present. The Handiwork of John Barleycorn Briefly summarized, repeal has accelerated if indeed it did not precipitate the moral and spiritual slump in which we find ourselves. It has cheapened human life, placing a higher value on material things than upon men and women, boys and girls. It has not given employment to a fractional part of as many persons as it has deprived of work. It has not helped legitimate industry back onto the road to recovery but has detoured it up a blind alley. It has not taken liquor out of politics but has entrenched it there. It has not stopped bootlegging and racketeering but has encouraged it. Immediate Action Necessary All this the people know from actual observation and experience of the days repeal has been in operation, and knowing, they are demanding that something be done to stem this uncontrolled flood of liquor. An indication of the rising tide of resentment against the highhanded methods of the liquor makers and sellers is found in the hundreds of dry victories at the polls in local option elections of November 5. A report on these elections is found elsewhere in this Issue. Yes, people are crying out against the awful results of an unrestrained traffic in intoxicants. But to cry out is not enough. The conditions demand action. It is "shipwreck" - or a nation redeemed from the curse of drink. The time has come for an advance against the beverage liquor traffic. The Call is to You To every Christian citizen comes the call to join in this new nation-wide offensive drive against a traffic that is becoming more thoroughly entrenched with every passing month. The "Old Court House." Scene of the Dred Scott slave case and the starting point of the Daniel Boone Trail. Help make the Convention Hall the starting point of the march back to sobriety. Through victory and defeat for more than forty years the Anti- Saloon League has been the interdenominational, omnipartisan agency of church and temperance groups opposed to the liquor traffic. In this 28th national gathering at St. Louis, League officials, executives and workers will join with delegates from church and temperance organizations in plans and preparations for unrelenting warfare against the drink evil. All men and women, young and old, in positions of responsibility and places of leadership are most earnestly invited to attend the convention. Facts, plans, methods for the dry attack, everywhere, will be developed. Preachers, Sunday school teachers, young people's leaders, members and officers of the W. C. T. U. and other temperance groups, business men, and all others concerned over the terrible and widespread menace of alcohol should not miss the opportunity to equip themselves for an active part in the fight ahead. We Must Fight! The St. Louis Convention will be the time and place to learn about the campaign against liquor advertising, modern education against alcohol, youth organizations, local, county and state option campaigns, immediate action to restrict, and plans for the eventual extermination of the liquor traffic. Now is the time to strike, to move forward all along the line in the new advance against alcohol. We must fight! Jail 190 in Raids in Ohio Continuing the drive against bootleggers which has won them national acclaim, Ohio state liquor enforcement agents arrested 190 alleged violators in 183 raids, destroyed twenty-one stills and captured twenty transporters during a recent week, according to the report of Enforcement Chief Al Humphrey. During the week, sentences totaling $12, 510 in fines and 3,062 days in jail were meted out to violators in courts. Better mark the convention date on your calendar, now, and plan to attend this important gathering that will undoubtedly mark an advance in the fight to repeal repeal The American Issue 5 Righteous Wrath of Outraged Citizens Expressed at Polls in Vote on Liquor The march back to prohibition has begun. Two years' experience with an unrestrained liquor traffic has demonstrated the utter futility of attempting to promote sobriety by licensing the manufacture and sale of beverage alcohol. People in ever increasing numbers realize that they were deceived by the promises of the promoters of repeal. The rising tide of resentment is rapidly gaining momentum as evidenced by dry victories wherever the voters have had opportunity to record their verdict at the polls on the "liquor control" experiment. Moreover, the outraged citizens in states where they are denied the right to vote on local option are marshalling their forces to elect legislatures that will give them this chance to oust the saloons from their communities. Drys Win Majority of Local Option Contests In recent months local option elections have been held in West Virginia, Arkansas, Florida, Minnesota and Ohio which aroused enthusiasm of awakened dry voters akin to that of the years between 1907 and 1916 when counties by the scores and hundreds throughout the nation were outlawing the saloons. Elections also were held in numerous other states resulting in dry victories which are without doubt forerunners of contests on a wider scale next year. Wets Seek to Block Elections by Injunctions Local option laws in most states are very restricted and in many no vote at all is granted. In some states, where legislatures in spite of the wet hysteria that gripped the nation when repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment was accomplished, enacted a local option provision in the repeal law, wets are now seeking to have that provision declared unconstitutional. Several counties in West Virginia where petitions have been filed calling for a vote are awaiting the court's decision. The wets fear the result if voters are given the opportunity to decide the fate of the saloon. More that a Hundred Contests in Ohio Nov. 5 In Ohio the local option law is so encumbered with numerous restrictions and exceptions that the fight appears to some drys hopeless even before they begin. Notwithstanding, elections were held in more than a hundred and fifty voting units on November 5 in the Buckeye state, with the drys winning between seventy and eighty of them, thus far reported. Vote Columbus Residential District Dry Most notable, perhaps, was the five to three victory in a residential district of Columbus which ousted a "swanky" cabaret that was most offensive to the neighborhood. This district comprised two voting precincts made up for the most part of high class residential property. The wets made the charge that it was a "real estate battle." So let it be, for if so, it is a severe indictment against a business sanctioned by state and Federal government so pernicious that its presence depreciates property values. The proprietor of the place voted out is seeking court injunction to prevent enforcement of the voters' mandate. Ninety-five Dry, Twenty-three Wet Complete returns at this writing are not available in all places voting in the state. Those at hand give the score ninety-five dry to twenty-three wet. These elections were held in thirty-eight counties, and were by precinct, township, village and city units. Both beer and hard liquor were voted out of fifty-six units, hard liquor alone in ten, beer alone in the others. Sale by Drink Banned Governor James V. Allred November 15 signed a bill permitting liquor sales in unbroken packages in Texas, and it became effective immediately. The bill provides 212 counties with a method of legalizing liquor now banned by local option. Both houses of the legislature voted November 6 against sale of intoxicating liquors by the drink. Ohio drys win 95, lose 23 contests November 5. Fifty-six units from county seat towns to residential districts in cities voted out both beer and hard liquor. Eight counties voted dry in West Virginia in eight county-wide elections. Twelve others to vote before Christmas. Drys win five out of seven towns voting. Arkansas drys win 14 of 17 contests by overwhelming majorities. Wets seek court injunctions to prevent elections. Seeing "handwriting on the wall," they are growing panicky. National Prohibition is inevitable. Ten townships in Morrow county voted. The drys won in all, voting out both beer and hard liquor. In addition to the townships, the county seat, Mt. Gilead, voted out hard liquor but retained beer by 89 majority. Cardington, in the same county, voted out hard liquor, keeping beer by 96 majority, and Chesterville voted out both hard liquor and beer. Seven townships voted in Carroll county, drys winning in all, voting out both beer and hard liquor. The county seat, Carrolltown, voted out hard liquor but kept beer. West Union, in Adams county, voted out beer and hard liquors, Winchester giving the wets their lone victory in the retention of beer, the drys winning in Peebles and in the three townships voting. Dry District for Conneaut In Ashtabula county one precinct voted in Conneaut, victory going to the drys. Four townships voted in this county, the drys winning three. Granville, in Licking county, seat of Dennison University, voted out beer and hard liquor by a vote of five to one. Plain City, Madison county, voted out beer and hard liquor. The vote on beer was 548 dry to 188 wet. Lowell, Washington county, is reported to have voted against the state liquor store but in favor of hard liquor. The fourth ward in Marietta voted to retain beer and hard liquor. Crooksville, Perry county, and Caldwell, Noble county, voted against beer and hard liquor. It was a veritable dry parade in Ohio November 5 and indicative of what will happen under a county local option law, for which the Anti-Saloon League is campaigning. League Battling for County Option Under the present "control law," beer elections can be held only at regular elections, hard liquor can be voted at special elections, at which time five questions are submitted which are likely to complicate and confuse the voter. The Anti-Saloon League has been setting up county organizations during the past year. More than eighty of the eighty-eight counties have been organized and the wets may expect a battle royal from this time on until the state is again freed of the liquor traffic. West Virginia Going Dry A county option law is in effect in West Virginia, but is under attack by the wets. The score to date in this state is as follows: 6 The American Issue Dry Wet Grant county …………………………….. 975 339 Ritchie county ………………………… 3,177 612 Upshur county ……………...………… 2,769 1,217 Jackson county ……………………..… 2,203 772 Lincoln county ………………………… 1,757 922 Williamstown …………………………… 313 141 St. Albans …………………………………. 709 351 Blacksville ………………………………….. 81 31 Wayne ………………………………………... 156 107 Pennsboro ………………………………….. 349 265 More recent elections for which figures are not available at this writing voted as follows: West Union county - Dry. Franklin county - Dry. Wetzel county - Dry. New Martinsville - Wet. Parsons - Wet. Court Rules Against Wets In all of these elections, with one exception, the percentage of dry vote exceeded what it was in 1934. Twelve other counties and as many towns are conducting campaigns with elections in prospect before Christmas. The wets, alarmed by the unbroken record of dry victories, sought to block local option elections by court action. The question of constitutionality of local option was challenged in two counties. In Roane county the county court served notice of its refusal to pay the cost of the election. The state and county dry organizations mandamused this court in the state supreme court to hold the election and the county court entered "no defense," so the state supreme court ordered the election to be held. The new date will be December 3. In Barbour county certain petitioners asked for a writ prohibiting the election on alleged grounds of unconstitutionality. This question was argued before the state supreme court on Thursday, October 24, and a decision is expected daily. Points brought out by the wets included (1) the repeal amendment gives the right to "regulate" but not to "prohibit"; (2) local option is not included in the title of the liquor control act; (3) the law does not expressly provide for paying the costs of the elections. Dry attorneys were Major R. E. O'Connor for the Anti-Saloon League (mentioned as a candidate for governor) and G. B. Ware for Barbour County Dry Forces. The attorney general, Homer Holt, also defended local option and the liquor control law, declaring that the only prohibition in the repeal amendment is "prohibiting the consumption or sale for consumption of intoxicating liquors in a saloon or public places," and that it would be constitutional for the legislature to enact a state prohibition law under the repeal amendment. Of course, the various counties and towns planning to hold local option elections are awaiting the supreme court's decision although three counties and several towns have set their election dates. Most county courts and city councils refuse to act until the supreme court decides. It is believed that the decision will be favorable and when given the local option work will be much accelerated. Immediate Objective, a Dry Legislature Further court action challenging the constitutionality of local option is anticipated but the way is open for elections to be held. Anti-Saloon League Superintendent Ewing says: "That a dry legislature is the most important immediate objective of West Virginia drys is apparent. Failing relief in courts a dry legislature will be the only source of relief from the legislative inconsistency known as the 'non-intoxicating' 5 per cent beer law. This is the most damaging feature of West Virginia's liquor set-up and probably the most pernicious law ever enacted by a West Virginia legislature." Arkansas Drys Win in fourteen Lose in Three Press reports say that the drys won fourteen of the seventeen contests in Arkansas by tremendous majorities. In two towns the dry vote was unanimous, in another only one ballot favored liquor. The vote against liquor at Corning was 123 to 15, and at Piggott 123 to 13. At Salem it was 100 per cent against liquor, not a single vote being registered for booze. At Sheridan the vote was for liquor 25, against liquor 122; and Howard county voted liquor out by a vote of 857 to 532. The anti-liquor vote at Carlisle was 192 to 23; and at Plainview the vote was 52 to 1 against liquor. Marion, Critenden county, neighboring community of dripping wet West Memphis, also polled a record vote of 109 to 0 against legalized liquor. Every community that has voted dry has done so by a large margin, marking up decisive victories. [Turn to P. 14 A glimpse of the St. Louis riverfront Here the old "side-wheelers" remindful of a half century ago may be seen against a background of modern skyscrapers symbolic of the new era The American Issue 7 Twenty-Eighth National Convention the Anti-Saloon League of America St. Louis, Dec. 1-4 inc., to Inaugurate Nation-Wide Advance Movement Against Beverage Alcohol Who's Who on Convention Program Bishop William N. Ainsworth Eloquent Orator of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Convention "Keynoter" The Hon. Chas. W. Bryan, mayor of Lincoln, Nebraska, will address the Convention business luncheon in the Statler Hotel at noon on Monday, Dec. 2. As an uncompromising foe of the liquor traffic, Mr. Bryan will discuss problems of government related to present wet conditions. Few men in America have had a broader experience in public life than Mayor Bryan. From 1897 to 1925 he was the political secretary and business manager for his brother, William Jennings Bryan. For a number of years he was publisher and associate editor of the Commoner. He was first elected mayor of Lincoln in 1915, later served two terms as governor of Nebraska, and in 1924 was the Democratic candidate for vice president. Following his last term as governor he was petitioned to again run for mayor of Lincoln by the Ministerial Association, the Committee of One Thousand, a non-partisan good government body, the Republican daily newspaper and by good citizens generally. In the campaign he was bitterly opposed by the gambling, race-track, liquor and vice elements as well as by influential leaders in his own party. Nevertheless, he was elected by over six thousand majority, although Lincoln and Lancaster counties were overwhelmingly Republican even in the last two elections. Dr. Melbourne P. Boynton Dr. Melbourne P. Boynton Pastor Woodlawn Baptist Church, Chicago; Active for Prohibition Dr. Melbourne P. Boynton has been pastor of the Woodlawn Baptist Church, Chicago, for 38 years. During this time he has been one of the most earnest and effective opponents of the liquor traffic. He served many years as a member of the headquarters committee of the Anti- Saloon League of Illinois and on the national board of the Anti-Saloon League of America. He was twice president of the Chicago Church Federation Council and of the Illinois Baptist Pastoral Union. Nelle G. Burger Mrs. Burger, whose home is at Springfield, Missouri, will represent the Woman's Christian Temperance Union at the Anti-Saloon League Convention. She is a state president of the W. C. T. U. and is also corresponding secretary of the national organization and a noted leader in state and national dry movements. Her address is scheduled for Monday afternoon, Dec. 2. Dr. Howard Hyde Russell The founder of the Anti-Saloon League, Dr. Howard Hyde Russell, will deliver the Convention sermon at the opening meeting on Sunday afternoon, December 1. The story of Dr. Russell's experience as an Iowa lawyer, Congregational pastor, and dry organizer, was recently published in the November number of the Christian Herald upon the occasion of his 80th birthday. The Christian Herald sermon in this same number was written by Dr. Russell, who, as associate general superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League, is still active in the second war to overthrow the liquor evil. National League Executives will Address Convention The Convention addresses by National League officers will be of unusual interest and importance. Dr. Edward B. Dunford, national attorney, will speak of the legal and legislative situation that has developed since the adoption of the Twenty-first Amendment. He will report on the different liquor sales systems now in effect in the various states. He will discuss the general trend of legislative polices for effective action against the liquor evil in the new advance against alcohol. Dr. Ernest H. Cherrington, director of education, will speak of new problems since repeal and new plans to counteract the unprecedented propaganda to promote the drink habit. He will propose new means and methods of instruction and information to warn young and old that beverage alcohol is a harmful, dangerous, habit-forming drug. Dr. F. Scott McBride, as general superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League of America, will present a nation-wide survey of the present liquor problem and recommend plans to immediately decrease and eventually destroy the liquor traffic. During the past year Dr. McBride has traveled more than 30,000 miles from coast to coast and gulf to border, investigating conditions, conferring with dry leaders and campaigning against the liquor forces. The Roll Call of The States One of the most dramatic and informing features of the Convention program will be the roll call of states with superintendents and others responding. Greater changes have taken place since the last biennial convention of the League than in any preceding period of two years. The 8 The American Issue result of legalized liquor sale, dry defeats in state legislatures dry victories in local option contests, state problems created by repeal, state plans proposed to reclaim dry territory, methods of organization, programs of education, will be included in the state reports by superintendents and other experienced leaders in the new nation-wide advance against the alcohol evil. Noted Religious Leaders Coming to St. Louis The interest of church groups in the new advance against alcohol is reflected by the number of noted bishops, and other outstanding leaders in the religious life of America, who will address the 28th National Anti-Saloon League Convention. The Brocks "'Nuff Sed," they Sing and Conduct the Music Bishop Wm. N. Ainsworth, of Macon, Georgia, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, will sound the keynote of the Convention at the opening session in the Statler Hotel on Sunday afternoon, December 1. Famous throughout the south, Bishop Ainsworth is not unknown in the north. He is a member of the executive committee of the Anti-Saloon League of America. Two years ago he was selected to deliver the address at the annual dry rally in Baltimore, to which each year a speaker of nation-wide distinction in the dry reform is invited. Other bishops who will be heard during subsequent sessions of the Convention are Bishop Charles L. Mead, of Kansas City, Missouri; Bishop H. M. DuBose, Nashville, Tennessee; Bishop H. H. Fout, Indianapolis, Indiana; and Bishop James Cannon, Jr., Los Angeles, California. All of these distinguished leaders with notable records of valiant service against the greatest enemy of every church objective, will have messages of extraordinary interest and importance in relation to the future dry fight. Leading preachers of many denominations will take part in the program. A partial list includes the names of Dr. A. J. Barton, Wilmington, North Carolina, chairman of the executive committee, who will call the Convention to order at 2:30 Sunday afternoon; Dr. A. C. Millar, Little Rock, Arkansas, editor of the Arkansas Methodist, member of the executive committee, leader in his denomination: Dr. Marvin T. Haw, Springfield, Missouri, president of his state Anti-Saloon League; the Hon. L. D. Dickenson, former lieutenant-governor of Michigan, president of the Layman's League of the Methodist Episcopal Conference; Dr. Levi P. Goodwin, Des Moines, president of the Iowa League: Dr. R. E. Pugh, Lake Forest, Illinois: Dr. John R. Golden, Topeka, Kansas, head of the Kansas dry campaign committee which defeated repeal; Dr. J. L. Neill, Jackson, Mississippi, president of his state League and Dr. Melbourne P. Boynton, of Chicago, each with a stirring message for the people. Hon. Charles W. Bryan, Mayor of Lincoln, Nebraska who will give the principal address at the Convention business luncheon in Statler Hotel at noon, Monday, December 2 Ten Nights in a Barroom The latest sound film version of the famous old play, "Ten Nights in a Barroom," will be the feature of the program at the 7:30 meeting in the Statler Hotel on Tuesday evening, December 3. The film and equipment will be provided by the Illinois Anti-Saloon League through the courtesy of Superintendent Charles Haffke. This modern, all-talking movie of the greatest temperance drama of all time is still the most popular educational program, consistently breaking all attendance records at League conferences, conventions and community dry rallies. The horrors of drink, more threatening and terrible under repeal than ever before, are shown so impressively that none who see the picture will ever forget. Mrs. Nelle G. Burger Missouri state president W. C. T. U. and of the National W. C. T. U. staff Death Takes the Wheel American history records no more tragic period in peace or war than this era of automobile accidents caused by alcohol, sparing neither women nor children. The repeal juggernaut is leaving a trail of broken bones and human blood along our streets and highways. "Death Take the Wheel," the new drama by George Y. Hammond, author of "Who Killed Earl Wright" and "Prisoner at the Bar," deals with the menace of motor maniacs crazed by drink. It is supremely important that the lesson it teaches be learned in every community in the United States. Delegates, visitors, dry leaders are urged to see this drama and arrange for its prompt presentation in their own communities after returning from St. Louis. Liquor Bill Battle in the State House Liquor advertising, local option, girl bartenders, payment of liquor damages from liquor funds, and other current issues, are debated in this new play representing a session of the state legislature. Wet arguments are answered and liquor methods are exposed. Wit and humor Dr. Ernest H. Cherrington Who will address the Convention Monday evening session The American Issue 9 are mingled with serious addresses by "members of the house," providing entertainment with information on the most vital questions of the day. Convention Banquet At noon on Monday the Convention Luncheon will be served in the Statler. The occasion is arranged especially for the convenience of St. Louis business men and women, who are invited to join delegates and visitors during the noon hour. The Hon. Charles W. Bryan, mayor of Lincoln, Nebraska, will give the main address, and other noted local and visiting business leaders will speak briefly. The cost is only $1.00 the plate, and reservations should be made in advance, addressing the Anti-Saloon League, 1011 Landreth Bldg., St. Louis, Missouri, or calling telephone N. Central 7396. Hotel Statler Anti-Saloon League Convention Headquarters Convention Luncheon The 28th National Convention Banquet will be served in the Statler on Wednesday evening at 6:15. Senator Morris Sheppard, of Texas, and Senator Arthur Capper, of Kansas, are among the noted dry leaders who have been invited to address this gathering, to which friends of the dry cause in St. Louis and vicinity are especially invited. Other speakers will be heard representing many church and temperance groups. There will be special music under the leadership of Mr. and Mrs. V. P. Brock. Arrangements made long in advance account for the low price of only $1.50 the plate for a Statler served banquet. Reservations are requested in advance. Address Anti-Saloon League, 1011 Landreth Bldg., St. Louis, Missouri, or telephone Central 7396. Convention Hotel Information The St. Louis Statler is unsurpassed for convention facilities. The large auditorium on the top floor with adjoining exhibit room is exceptionally well suited for public meetings. The Statler cafeteria in the basement is one of the most popular eating places in St. Louis. Guest rooms, nationally famous for comfort and convenience, all with bath, are available at reasonable rates commencing at $2.50, single. Delegates and visitors will appreciate and enjoy the decided advantages, economy and convenience of staying at the Convention hotel while in St. Louis. Further information about the Statler and a list of other St. Louis hotels will be sent upon request to prospective delegates. Dr. Howard Hyde Russell Founder of the Anti-Saloon League who will deliver the Convention sermon Reduced Railroad Fares to the Convention Practically all of the railroads in the United States, except in the southeast, where even lower rates are regularly in effect, have granted a special convention rate of one and one-third fares for the round trip. This rate is offered on the certificate plan with a minimum of one hundred tickets required to secure the special rate. Delegates are requested to note the following important instructions: (1) Ask for a certificate receipt when you purchase your full fare one-way ticket. (2) Upon arrival in St. Louis, deposit your certificate at Convention headquarters in the Statler. (3) After a total of one hundred certificates and return trip clergy or excursion tickets have been turned in, certificates will be validated, entitling each holder to a return ticket at one- third the regular one-way fare. N. B. - Holders of clergy permits are urged to buy Round Trip tickets, as these will count toward the minimum of one hundred required. All other kinds and classes of round trip tickets will also be counted. By buying a round trip clergy or other excursion ticket instead of one way, you will be cooperating to secure the necessary number of tickets and certificates required to assure the special convention rate. Certificates are given only at stations from which the one-way fare to St. Louis is 75¢ or more, and round trip tickets count only if purchased at stations from which the one-way fare is $2.00 or more. Consult your ticket agents for dates of sale. Special complete railroad information bulletin sent upon request. Special Convention Music Special music will be one of the major features of the 28th National Anti-Saloon League Convention, under the direction of Mr. and Mrs. V. P. Brock, of Indianapolis, Indiana. The Brocks, who are authors of the famous chorus, "Sing and Smile and Pray," have written a number of new songs especially adapted for use in church, community and convention rallies in the new advance against alcohol. Other famous song writers will contribute special songs to be introduced at St. Louis. Delegates and visitors will enjoy the inspiring musical program always assured with the Brocks in charge, as any can testify who have attended National Anti-Saloon League conventions during recent years. Also they will take back home with them the new songs needed to stir young and old to recapture America from liquor domination. For complete programs, hotel and railroad bulletins, luncheon and banquet reservations, address the Anti-Saloon League of America, 131 B St. S.E. Washington, D.C.: The Anti-Saloon League of Missouri, 1011 Landreth Bldg., St. Louis, Missouri, or any state Anti-Saloon League. Bishop H. M. Du Bose Methodist Episcopal Church, South who will be heard at the convention 10 The American Issue St Louis Hotel Information League officials and delegates are requested to communicate direct with hotels relative to reservations. this saves time and prevents uncertainty and confusion. Hotels nearest the Statler are marked with two stars. Convention headquarters will be in the Statler Hotel, where all sessions and committee meetings will also be held. The Statler is recommended for the comfort and convenience of officials and delegates while attending the Convention. The list of other St. Louis hotels given below with street locations and rom rates will enable officials and delegates to select a place that meets their requirements, either in advance or upon arrival in St. Louis. Rates given are the minimum for single rooms unless otherwise stated. Statler Hotel, 9th and Washington. Each room has private bate - shower or tub and shower. Single, per day, $2.50 and up; double, $4.50 per day and up. **Woodbine Hotel, Broadway and Chestnut ST. Double room with bath, $2.50; single with bath, $1.50 and $1.25, connecting bath, $1.00. **Mark Twain Hotel, 8th and Pine Sts. $2.50 to $6.00. **Marquette Hotel, Washington Ave. at 18th St. $1.50 to $3.00 **Mayfair Hotel, 8th and St. Charles. $2.50 to $6.00. **Jefferson Hotel, 12th Blvd. at Locust St. $2.00 and up. **Melbourne Hotel, Lindell Blvd. at Grand Ave. $2.50 to $7.00. **Warwick Hotel, 15th and Locust Sts. $1.50 to $3.00. **St. Francis Hotel, Sixth and Chestnut Sts. Double with bath, $2.00; single with bath, $1.50; double without bath, $1.50 single without bath, $1.00. **American Hotel, Seventh and Market Sts. Each room has a private bath. Single, $2.00; double, $3.00; twin beds, $3.50; room with three or more in room, $1.25 each. **Marion Roe Hotel, Broadway and Pine Sts. Each room has private bath. Single room, $1.50; double room, $2.00. Chase Hotel, Lindell Blvd at Forest Park. $3.00 to $7.00. Coronada Hotel, Lindell Blvd. at Spring. $2.00 and up. Fairgrounds Hotel, Natural Bridge at Spring. $2.00 and up. Forest Park Hotel, West Pine and Euclid. $2.50 and up. Gatesworth Hotel, Union at Lindell Blvd. $3.00 and $4.00. Kings-Way Hotel, Kingshighway at West Pine. $1.50 and up. Robert E. Lee Hotel, Pine St. at 18th. $2.00 to $4.00 Parkedge Hotel, Euclid and West Pine. Park Manor Hotel, Pershing between Union and DeBalviere. $1.00 to $2.50. Roosevelt Hotel, Delmar at Euclid. $2.00 and $3.00. The Tavern, Washington at Pendleton. $1.00 to $3.00. For further information relative to 28th National Anti-Saloon League Convention, address the Anti-Saloon League of America, 131 B. St. Washington, D. C., or 1011 Landreth Bldg., St. Louis, Missouri. Liquor Programs on the Radio The Women's Radio Committee, New York City, is sounding the alarm that the matter of accepting and even soliciting both distillery as well as brewery programs on their broadcasting time is being considered by the widely heard station WOR, Newark, N. J., and its associated stations WGN, Chicago; WLW, Cincinnati, and CKLW, Windsor, Ontario. The information from the Women's Radio Committee states that "the trade paper say they (the stations referred to) are trying out the plan and if there are no protests against it, they will take liquor ads. So far there have been no protests." The committee urges letters of protest immediately be written to these stations. Automobile accident fatalities in Summit county (Akron, Ohio) total ninety-nine since January 1 of this year, and thirty-two in Akron. 28th National Anti-Saloon League Convention Statler Hotel, St. Louis, Missouri December 1-2-3-4, 1935 Tentative Program Outline (Revised to November 9) Convention Music at all sessions directed by Mr. and Mrs. V. P. Brock, Indianapolis, Ind. Sunday, December 1 2:30 P. M. Presiding: Dr. A. J. Barton, Wilmington, N. C., Chairman Executive Committee, Anti-Saloon League of America Special Song Service: Mr. and Mrs. V. P. Brock, with Homer Rodeheaver. Theme, "Sing and Smile and Pray" Convention Sermon: Dr. Howard Hyde Russell, Westerville, Ohio, Founder of the Anti-Saloon League Address: Homer Rodeheaver, Winona Lake, Indiana Address: Bishop William N. Ainsworth, Macon, Georgia Monday, December 2 11:00 A. M. Program to be announced 12:15 P. M. (noon) Convention Luncheon Presiding: Hon. L. D. Dickenson, former Lieutenant-Governor of Michigan. Addresses: Hon. Charles W. Bryan, Mayor of Lincoln, Nebraska; and others to be announced 2:30 P. M. Presiding: Dr. P. M. Glasoe, Northfield, Minnesota Addresses: Dr. Edward B. Dunford, Washington, D. C. Mrs. Nelle G. Burger, Springfield, Missouri Bishop Charles L. Mead, Kansas City, Missouri 7:30 P. M. Presiding: Dr. Marvin T. Haw, Springfield, Missouri Special Song Service: Homer Rodeheaver and the Brocks Addresses: Dr. Ernest H. Cherrington, Westerville, Ohio Bishop James Cannon, Jr., Los Angeles, California Tuesday, December 3 11:00 A. M. Presiding: Dr. Levi P. Goodwin, Des Moines, Iowa Roll Call of the States 2:30 P. M. Presiding: Dr. B. Barthell, Denver, Colorado Addresses: Dr. Melbourne P. Boynton, Chicago, Illinois Bishop H. H. Fout, Indianapolis, Indiana Drama: "Liquor Bill Battle in the State House" 7:30 P. M. Presiding: Dr. John R. Golden, Topeka, Kansas Address: Dr. F. Scott McBride, Washington, D. C. Movie: "Ten Nights in a Barroom" Wednesday, December 4 11:00 A. M. Presiding: To be announced Roll Call of the States (Continued) 2:30 P. M. Presiding: Dr. J. L. Neill, Jackson, Mississippi Mr. Arthur Barnhart, Chicago, Illinois Dr. Ira Landrith, Winona Lake, Indiana Drama: "Death Takes the Wheel" 6:15 P. M. 28th National Convention Banquet Toastmaster, music, speakers, to be announced The American Issue 11 Close the Saloons and Beer Roadhouses as First Major Safety Measure for Autoists Protests against drunken drivers are futile as long as saloons and beer halls are licensed. Let the press join with the insurance companies in exposing alcohol as a big factor in auto accidents, and a long step will have been taken toward reducing the highway death rate. The Columbus (Ohio) Evening Dispatch for October 17, featured under an eight-column display head "30 Doomed to Die in County Traffic by Jan. 1." the appalling auto accident toll in Franklin county and the city of Columbus. "Nine men are in death row in Ohio penitentiary awaiting execution in the electric chair. "One or more of these men may escape death through executive clemency, new trials or other legal procedure. "At least thirty persons in Franklin county are marked for death in traffic accidents before January 1. Not one of these persons has a chance to escape an agonizing end... 103 Killed since January 1 "Actuarial figures, based on the present number of deaths per capita in the county since January 1, ear-mark thirty or more persons for sudden or lingering death, pain- racked weeks leading to the grave, before the first day of January, 1936... "Thousands of accidents, major and minor, have happened since the first of the year. One hundred and three persons have died, the result of these crack-ups. "In Columbus alone since January 1, and up to October 1, there have been 2,261 accidents as compared to 1,802 in the same period in 1934, an increase of approximately 29 per cent. "Last year the property damage in Columbus accidents grossed approximately $1,000,000. The damage this year will move above this sum... "On state highways, totaling approximately 12,000 miles, there have been 6,712 accidents since January 1, accompanied by 467 fatalities. The total for 1934 was 6,294 accidents, bringing death to 406 persons. "These figures do not include fatalities or accidents in municipalities along state highway routes, which represent but 14 per cent of the rural mileage of the state but which carry 67 percent of rural traffic. "Here's a prediction based on the law of averages, which is about the only law relative to traffic that is thoroughly enforced in Columbus and Franklin county these days. The Driver to Blame "Through the twelve months of 1935, at least one out of every five motor vehicles belonging to you and your friends, will have been in a serious accident, and the chances are 4 1/2 to 1 that somebody will be hurt in the accident. It is about an even wager that if a person will be killed it will be a pedestrian. "The accident probably will occur in dusk or darkness on a dry pavement. The driver to blame likely will be a male under 30 years of age and his car probably will not be a new one with all the modern safety devices. He probably will be disregarding some traffic regulation." And American Issue predicts that in a majority of cases the "driver to blame" will have had a drink of some alcoholic beverage shortly before the accident. It may be but a "wee nip," - may be but a glass of 3.2 beer, but enough to impair coordination of brain and muscle. Since the above broadside appeared in the Dispatch, an auto crashed into a train at a railroad crossing in the city of Columbus and three of the "thirty doomed" victims were claimed - another seriously injured. The injured man told the police that he and his three companions had had a few drinks before the accident occurred. A few days later a boy driving a truck crashed into a tree on a highway just outside of the city of Columbus and was instantly killed. According to witnesses he had left a beer roadhouse about ten minutes before the tragedy. The Dispatch writer concludes his story with for an appeal better traffic laws. We all agree. But why not strike at one of the major causes of these auto fatalities? Why ignore the cause? Why the deep silence of the newspapers? Why not join with the accident insurance companies and cry out against alcohol? Newspapers protest against the drunken driver. But why not protest against a government policy that makes it easy for a driver to get alcoholic beverages? Close the roadhouses, the beer restaurants, the state liquor stores and check this awful slaughter on our highways. This is a task that will be accomplished much more speedily if the newspapers which are deploring the shameful record of accidents and deaths on our highways will cooperate in a movement to abolish the legalized liquor traffic. Just the Fruits of Repeal, Mr. Mayor Mayor Fiorella LaGuardia, of New York City, presented plaques to the winners of the police department's inter-precinct safety competition, reports the New York Times on October 10, 1935. After the city hall ceremony, he attended a safety luncheon of 800 members of the Metropolitan Garage Board of Trade at the Hotel Astor. In urging the public and the police to bend every effort to make New York the safest instead of the second safest city in the country, the major (who was a vigorous advocate of repeal) laid particular stress on curbing drunken drivers. Pointing to one of a half dozen gruesome floats, he said: "Right there is an open car that was in a fatal accident on the West Side Highway a few days ago. Drinking was responsible for that accident. Let us make it so that in New York City at least alcohol and gasoline cannot blend. Drivers arrested in an intoxicated condition can expect no consideration. "I urge every patrolman and motorcycle man to get all the medical assistance needed to establish a case in court when they make such an arrest. And I appeal to the courts for cooperation. A cop is not a chemist, but he's got common sense and can recognize a drunk when he sees one." You need the inspiration that comes from a Convention such as the St. Louis Convention is destined to be. The Convention needs you. 12 The American Issue Dr. F. Scott M'Bride National Superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League Important Information Relative to Reduced Railroad Fares A reduction on the basis of one and one-third of the current one-way first class fare for the round trip on the Certificate Plan will apply for persons (also dependent members of their families) attending the Executive Committee meeting on November 29), the Board meeting on November 30, and the 28th National Anti-Saloon League Convention in the Statler Hotel at St. Louis, Missouri, December 1-4. The arrangement requiring a minimum of 100 delegate certificates and round trip tickets will apply from the following territories on authorized selling dates shown below. Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas, Louisiana, Memphis, Tenn., and Natchez, Miss. - From Nov. 26 to Dec. 4, 1935, incl. East of and including Chicago and St. Louis, north of the Ohio and Potomac rivers to the Atlantic Seaboard; New England States, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Manitoba, Minn., Missouri, Nebraska, Michigan and Wisconsin - From Nov. 26 to Dec. 2, 1935, incl. Colorado, New Mexico (east of and including El Paso and Albuquerque), North Dakota, South Dakota and Wyoming - From Nov. 25 to Dec. 1, 1935, incl. Arizona, British Columbia, California, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico (west of Albuquerque and El Paso), Oregon, Utah, and Washington and Nevada - From Nov. 22 to Dec. 1, 1935, incl. Railroads in southeastern states have in effect regular daily round trip 15-day tickets on a basis of 2¢ per mile in each direction, also 30-day round trip tickets good in coaches only on a basis of 1 1/2¢ per mile in each direction. Accordingly, these railroads have not granted a special one and one-third fare convention rate, inasmuch as regular rates in this territory are as low, or lower, than the special convention rate granted by railroads in other sections. Delegates from this territory should buy round trip tickets. Summary of Information Relative to Reduced Railroad Fare to the Convention (1) Consult your ticket agent in advance. (2) Secure a certificate receipt when you buy your ticket. (3) If you have a clergy permit, buy a round trip ticket. (4) If you secure a reduced rate or excursion rate of any kind or class, buy a round trip ticket. (5) Upon arrival at St. Louis, deposit your certificate receipt or record your round trip ticket at the Convention headquarters office in the Statler Hotel. Make your plans now for the trip to attend the 28th National Anti-Saloon League Convention in the Statler Hotel. at St. Louis, Missouri, December 1, 2, 3 and 4, 1935. For further information, complete program, hotel bulletin, luncheon and banquet reservations, address Anti-Saloon League of America, 131 B Street S. E. Washington, D. C., or 1011 Landreth Bldg., St. Louis, Missouri, or any state League office. Edward B. Dunford Attorney for the Anti-Saloon League Travel by Railroad at Reduced Rates It is hoped that all who can will travel by railroad to St. Louis and return. By doing so, those who have a choice of means of transportation will make it possible to secure the special rate for the benefit of others who, because of their grater distance from St. Louis, limited time, and other considerations, must travel by railroad. Holders of clergy permits are especially urged to purchase round trip tickets to St. Louis and back, as these will count, if needed, toward the minimum of one hundred delegate certificates In addition to very materially helping others, convention delegates who come by railroad will themselves enjoy definite advantages, including: (1) Greater safety. On the day that the Census Bureau reported a total of 33,980 killed in automobile accidents in 1934, the press reported that not one railroad passenger had been killed during the first six months of 1935. Railroad travelers also avoid parking difficulties and expense and traffic troubles in a strange city. (2) Greater certainty. Considering the possibility of bad weather, no other form of transportation assures arrival on scheduled time as fully as the railroads. (3) Greater comfort. Delegates to the Convention who come by railroad will arrive less wearied by travel than those who come by other means of travel. Other advantages of railroad travel will readily occur to prospective delegates, such as time saved, and better conditions and facilities for working, reading, writing and resting while en route. Dramas have a prominent place on the program. The drama is being used extensively in state Leagues and always with telling effect. Among others, "Ten Nights in a Barroom" will be presented on the screen. Your Convention City St. Louis, a city of one million population situated on the Mississippi river, is one of our most typical American cities. Here cross the streams of American life by water, by rail, by automobile, and by air. Only 700 miles from New Orleans, yet St. Paul is only 600 miles away. There is a difference of less than 150 miles in the distance from St. Louis to Denver, and to New York. St. Louis is a great national convention city because of its accessibility from all parts of the nation and its many attractions for visitors. In St. Louis there are magnificent churches of all denominations and two of the largest and best known educational institution, Washington and St. Louis Universities. There are many points of historic interest, including the old court house, scene of the Dred Scott slave case, and starting point of the Daniel Boone trail. The stone auction block from which slaves were sold may still be seen. The Missouri botanical garden contains the largest collection of plant life in the western hemisphere. The famous municipal open air theater, the zoological garden recognized as one of the greatest in the world, and the city greenhouse with a rare and artistic display of flowers are in the beautiful 1,300-acre Forest Park. St. Louis Art Museum in a setting of natural beauty, contains a collection of paintings and other works of art which give it rank as one of the four best galleries in the United States. In the Jefferson Memorial may be seen the original documents of the Louisiana Purchase and many other relics of historic interest. Here is the complete collection of gifts sent to Col. Charles A. Lindbergh from many nations and the log of his New York to Paris flight. All are open daily, and admission is free. Modern airports, famous bridges, great office buildings, old cathedrals, new auditoriums, are among the innumerable points of interest for delegates to the 28th National Anti-Saloon League Convention in St. Louis on December 1-4, 1935. The American Issue 13 Sawdust Trail Plea is Stilled William Ashley ("Billy") Sunday died at the home of relatives in Chicago November 6. The nation mourns the passing of this dynamic evangelist whose fiery sermons started tens of thousands down the "sawdust trail" and to a better, cleaner life. He died at the age of 72. His picturesque baseball terminology and acrobatic gestures characterized his preaching of the gospel. Success of his revivals led his friends to term him "the man who saved a million souls." By his death the cause of prohibition loses perhaps its most effective public speaker. His famous "Booze Sermon" never failed to attract thousands, standing room in his temporary tabernacles always being at a premium whenever it was announced that Billy would speak on "Booze." Invariably thousands would be turned away, unable to gain admission. This sermon always cost the liquor interests large numbers of patrons. Billy frequently conducted meetings under the auspices of the Anti-Saloon League. His last message delivered for the League was at the St. Petersburg, Florida, regional conference last February. The great auditorium was packed to capacity an hour before the announced time for the address, and several thousand people were unable to gain entrance. "Billy" Sunday's evangelistic career began in 1896 at Gardner, Iowa. In 1903 he was ordained a Presbyterian minister in Chicago. He was born at Ames, Iowa, Nov. 19, 1863, the son of a Union soldier who died of pneumonia without ever seeing the child. Mrs. Helen ("Ma") Sunday, who in later years always accompanied him in his tours and assisted in his meetings, was with him when he died." His last words were typically homely: "Ma, I've got a dizzy spell." Then his head turned on the pillow. "I'm glad he went that way - quickly," Mrs. Sunday said. "Billy always prayed, 'O Lord, when I have to go, please make it quick.' There were gloves on his hands when he died, but not the fielder's mitt he loved so well in his younger days of professional baseball and so often used to illustrate his fiery sermons. He asked for the gloves to keep his hands warm. His death was caused by angina pectoris, from which he suffered since 1932, while conducting a campaign in native Iowa. Another major attack seized him in Chattanooga, Tenn., last May. He preached last in Mishawaka, near his home in Winona Lake, Ind., to fill out two nights of an engagement for his former music director, Homer Rodeheaver. HIs death recalled his own story of his conversion. Back in the days when he was a hard fighting, hard drinking baseball player, "Billy" left a saloon with some teammates. They passed an open-air revival meeting. Sunday said later he was convinced of the truth of what the evangelist said. He forsook baseball and took up the gospel, while the other players, he said, "went on to drunkards' deaths." At the time, Sunday was earning $400 monthly as a ball player. Instead he obtained a job at $88 a month and embarked on his career of saving souls. Besides Mrs. Sunday, he is survived by two sons, William A. Sunday, Jr., and Paul, and a brother, H. E. Sunday, of North Dakota and Hood River. Significant Ruling by Danish Court Dr. Robert Hercod European Correspondent American Issue The Danish courts have just decided in favor of the abstinence societies of Svendborg in a case which had been followed with the liveliest interest throughout the whole of Denmark. The question was this: The Svendborg abstinence societies, with the authorization of the proprietor of the building, had displayed a painting on a wall representing a barrel from which overflowed a stream of beer; it was accompanied by this text: "In Denmark every year 300 million crowns worth of alcohol is consumed." "It is foolish to drink. - Beer is dangerous. - It is better to abstain." The brewers' association had lodged a complaint against this inscription which it considered prejudicial to the breweries and an arbitrary hindrance to their economic activity. They especially objected to the words: "Beer is dangerous." Before the court the representative of the Svendborg abstainers, Advocate C. C. Heilesen, of Copenhagen, pointed out that the inscription in cause did not go beyond the limits allowed to freedom of opinion. He remarked that the painting is part of the propaganda quite disinterestedly carried on by abstainers in favor of temperance. It must be remembered that the brewers also advertise widely and that recently, for instance, they published an advertisement in the papers with these words: "Beer is wholesome." Now, it is a fact, confirmed by numerous experts, that even the comparatively moderate use of alcoholic beverages, beer among them, presents certain dangers from the hygienic point of view, with regard to traffic, etc. The abstainers won their case. Their inscription will not be removed and the brewers will pay them 300 crowns costs. There are judges in Denmark! Righteous Wrath of Citizens [continued from page 7] Repeal leaders in Arkansas are reported to be in consternation over the outcome of the various local option elections. They see in it the "handwriting on the wall." Drys in Jackson county, Florida, chalked up an overwhelming victory in a local option election recently by turning thumbs down on the sale of liquor by a vote of 1,763 to 964. Pennington county, Minnesota, voted dry by an overwhelming majority. The wets carried only two precincts out of the twenty- seven in the county. Advance for a Dry Nation These local dry victories are forerunners of a nation-wide prohibition victory that is inevitable. How long it will be till that day depends wholly upon the fighting courage and cooperative spirit of the friends of sobriety. 14 The American Issue Some Concrete Testimony as to Increasing Menace of Alcohol Factor in Traffic Problem (Compiled by National W. C. T. U.) The following specific items, authenticated in each case by officials or the local press, shed light on the increasingly serious relation of alcohol to traffic accidents: "Drunken driving doubled in the city of Dallas during the first ten days following (Texas state law) repeal. - Dallas traffic officer quoted in Galveston, Texas, News, September 8, 1935. "Loss of life in traffic on highways of California has increased to frightful proportions; drunken driving is largely responsible." - Long Beach, Calif., Press-Telegram, editorial, August 15, 1935. "Washington, D. C., police records show 3,164 persons injured in a total of 6,974 accidents from January 1 up to 8:00 a. m. today (October 1). Last year through September 30, 2,873 persons were hurt in a total of 5,430 accidents. This means 1,500 more accidents this year than last and persons hurt in half the accidents." - Washington, D. C., Herald, October 2, 1935. "A record of 86 traffic deaths in Dallas county and 69 in Tarrant county within nine months provokes pertinent comment from the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Both counties have exceeded the record of 1934. If the ratio continues the toll for two counties by the end of the year will be 194. That is a terrible toll. … " - Dallas, Texas, Dispatch, October 6, 1935. "Traffic fatalities in Pittsburgh, 65 in number, during the first half of the year, were more than 25 per cent higher than in the corresponding period last year. Traffic deaths in the entire state during the first six months of 1935 numbered 865 and were over 50 per cent more numerous than all the industrial fatalities of every kind during the same period." - Pittsburgh, Pa., Sun-Telegraph, August 9, 1935. Newark, N. J., Death Rate 48.75 Per Cent Greater. For the period ending September 28 there were 107 deaths, 102 of which were due to accidents within the city limits. For the year ending September 29, 1934, there were 72 deaths, 60 of which were due to accidents within the city. As a result, the automobile fatality rate increased from 16 per 100,000 population to 23.8 … " -Newark, N. J., Evening News, October 10, 1935. Miami, Atlanta, Death Rates Up. - "Automobile accident deaths in Atlanta climbed to 91 from 73 for the previous year, and last week still showing and increase. Figures showed only Erie, Pa., Indianapolis, Miami and Tacoma with more accidents per 100,000 population than Atlanta. Miami led with 46.3 per cent. followed by Indianapolis and Erie with 41.5 each; Tacoma had 37.6 per cent. and Atlanta 31.5 per cent. For Atlanta this was an increase from 27.4 last year." - Atlanta, Ga., Journal, August 15, 1935. Beer Rooms Bring Loss to Insurance Company The following contrasted sentences are from the report of the president of the Toronto General Insurance Company, G. Larratt Smith, K. C. The company deals in fire and casualty assurance, and has recently extended its activities to Manitoba and the Maritimes: "The casualty business, other than automobile, produced an underwriting profit." "The automobile department suffered a loss in 1934. Rate reductions in public liability, property damage and collision insurance account for the loss, which was further increased with the coming of beer parlors in Ontario, after which automobile losses were reported in greater numbers." Does it Pay? By Charles Scanlon Does it Pay to license a traffic which lessens the demand for the helpful things of life, which increases their cost and diminishes the ability to pay for them? Does it Pay to levy a tax to support orphans and widows and license the murderers of husbands and fathers? Does it Pay to license a traffic which makes men less skillful, less steady, less reliable; which lessens endurance, lessens confidence, lessens credit, lessens the demand for food, clothing, shelter, and tools with which to work? Does it Pay to license a traffic which increases taxes by creating a demand for jails, penitentiaries, asylums, hospitals, almshouses, orphanages, reformatories, police and criminal courts? Doran Opposes Sunday Newspaper Liquor Advertising A newspaper dispatch from Washington, D. C., under date of October 9, publishes a letter from Dr. James Doran, national administrator of Distilled Spirits, Inc. He is of the opinion that there is "a rising opinion against what I believe is becoming offensive to the public, that is, excessive advertising of liquor, both in daily papers and periodicals." Dr. Doran's letter said in part: "Information reaches me that some of our members are negotiating for, and have probably contracted for, color space in Sunday newspapers. While the institute never adopted a formal resolution on the subject of Sunday advertising, it was the consensus of opinion when the matter was discussed that while no law or regulation prohibited such advertising, it was, nevertheless, bad policy, and the slight advantage gained thereby would be more than offset by unfavorable public opinion. "I expect to bring the matter up for discussion at the next executive committee meeting. In the meantime, I urge that members refrain from advertising on Sunday. It seems to me that six days are ample, and I sense a rising opinion against what I believe is becoming offensive to the public, that is, excessive advertising of liquor, both in the daily press and the periodicals. I have had many comments made to me on this subject, and I believe it is best for us to be conservative." International Chief of I. O. G. T. in America Lector Oscar Olsson, of Sweden, International Chief Templar of the Independent Order of Good Templars, is in the United States, and is making a tour of the nation in two capacities, one as a member of a Swedish government commission to study adult education in America, and the other to visit the National Grand Lodge and the other ten grand lodges of this order in the United States. Throughout the month of October he addressed meetings in the Chicago area. Drunks Filmed by Utah Police Highway police in Utah, says the Wall Street Journal, are equipped with small motion picture cameras to take pictures of any person jeopardizing highway safety. Most frequent use so far has been the taking of pictures of motorists suspected of drunkenness. Of the first fifty-two cases so photographed, forty-eight pleaded guilty after they had a look at the films. Three of the remaining four were convicted when the jury saw the movies. Some people say - "Let the traffic alone. The liquor interests will cut their own throat." This is a wrong policy. Prohibition will not come back automatically. We must advance against it. The convention will start this new advance. The American Issue 15 FACTS - - FACTS - - FACTS FOR TEACHERS AND TEMPERANCE WORKERS Just what is the action of alcohol on the body and the brain? How much beer or wine must one drink in order to affect the nerves and muscles? Is "moderation" in drinking a safe guide? Just what is "moderation" for one who drives a motor car? See the following answers to these and many other questions. "JUST A COUPLE OF HIGHBALLS" The script of a talk over the radio by "The Old Observer" on the very timely subject of drinking drivers. Sponsored by the National Safety Council. Splendid for wholesale distribution in Sunday Schools, club, and to the general public. 8 PAGES; 5 CENTS EACH; 45 CENTS PER DOZEN; $2.15 PER 100 THE MAN WE NEED Why we need the reformer and his work. Ideal for distribution by pastors and Sunday School teachers. 4 PAGES; 5 CENTS EACH; 25 CENTS PER DOZEN; $1.30 PER 100 TEMPERANCE EDUCATION IN AMERICAN PUBLIC SCHOOLS A valuable compilation on this important topic. Includes a survey of the provisions for temperance education in the several states; a list of topics on alcohol with teaching suggestions; a list of text books; an address to educators signed by nearly 300 national and state leaders interested in the education of youth; and an article on the relation of education and legislation by Charl Ormond Williams. 32 PAGES; 20 CENTS PER COPY HANDBOOK OF MODERN FACTS ABOUT ALCOHOL BY CORA FRANCES STODDARD SECRETARY, SCIENTIFIC TEMPERANCE FEDERATION 108 PAGES; PAPER, 50 CENTS EACH; CLOTH, 75 CENTS EACH SCIENCE AND HUMAN LIFE IN THE ALCOHOL PROBLEM BY CORA FRANCES STODDARD SECRETARY, SCIENTIFIC TEMPERANCE FEDERATION A continuation of the Handbook of Modern Facts About Alcohol. 80 PAGES; PAPER, 40 CENTS EACH SPECIAL OFFER TO TEACHERS, PASTORS and WORKERS Special Budget A--1 copy each of the Handbook of Modern Facts About Alcohol, Science and Human Life in the Alcohol Problem, and Temperance Education in American Schools; 12 Copies of The Man We Need, and 12 copies of "Just a Couple of Highballs," all for $1.75 postpaid. Special Budget B--1 copy of Science and Human Life in the Alcohol Problem; 1 copy of Temperance Education in the Public School; 12 copies of The Man We Need, and 12 copies of "Just a Couple of Highballs," for $1.25 postpaid. LITERATURE DEPARTMENT THE AMERICAN ISSUE PUBLISHING COMPANY WESTERVILLE, OHIO Open Letter TO GOVERNOR McCALL Your Excellency: You have been requested by some of our wisest citizens to ask our legislature to memorialize Congress for War Prohibition. To this request you do not respond. We, the women now address you. Giving our men willingly as we do to our country, we feel we have the right to ask our Governor to protect them from the Inefficiency and Disease incident to the liquor traffic, especially in War-time. You have been requested by some of our wisest citizens to ask our legislature to memorialize Congress for War Prohibition. To this request you do not respond. We, the women now address you. Giving our men willingly as we do to our country, we feel we have the right to ask our Governor to protect them from the Inefficiency and Disease incident to the liquor traffic, especially in War-time. GOVERNOR McCALL-- DO NOT LONGER FAIL THE WOMEN OF MASSACHUSETTS! MARY SHAW, EUGENIA FROTHINGHAM, MARY WHITING. For the Committee. Women's War Prohibition Committee 323 Tremont Building, Boston BUCK PRINTING CO., BOSTON TEMPERANCE In the Temperance and Prohibition files are many letters of little consequence to the collection as such, but they are written on letterheads of organizations which give information about the kind of groups working for prohibition and the individuals in the different states who were the great volunteers. Edna Lamprey Stantial, Editor, 1961 Cross Reference to Prohibition and Temperance In many instances there are individual files in the alphabetical index of the people mentioned in these letters and pamphlets. The suffragists worked very closely with the W.C.T.U. during the early days of the two campaigns. See, for instance, the file of Mary A. Livermore Alice Stone Blackwell Anna Howard Shaw etc. Cora J. Stoddard Elizabeth Tillin Frances Willard Prohibition [?] Temperance Union John B Lewis [American Issue Apr. 14, 1917] That "Receding Wave" The liquor interests, trying to deceive themselves that the "Prohibition wave" has reached its crest and is now due to recede, will get no comfort from these election figures from Springfield, Ill., and elsewhere where a vote was taken last week. Tuesday, April 3, Springfield voted for the fourth time in nine years on the saloon issue. The first election in April, 1908, resulted in a wet majority of 1,802. At the next election in 1910, the wet majority was reduced to 1,432. In 1914, with men and women both voting, the wet majority was increased to 3,956. In this election the men gave a wet majority of 3,680 and the women a wet majority of 276. This was one of the few instances in the state where the women voted wet. In the election of April 3 this year the women redeemed themselves by rolling up a substantial dry majority sufficiently large to overcome the greatly reduced wet majority of men, and Springfield was carried by something over 500 votes In addition to carrying Springfield, the Illinois drys won many other important wet strongholds and lost but two dry towns, abolishing approximately 240 saloons. Duluth, Minn., is further evidence of the increasing strength of the dry movement. In June, 1916, that city voted dry by 400 majority. On April 3 of this year the dry majority was increased to more than 1,400. Madison, Wis., which remained in the wet column last year by a slight majority, was carried on April 3, this year, by approximately 400. The drys also made heavy gains through Wisconsin in other towns. It is becoming more and more evident that whatever the people are given an opportunity they are registering a protest against the saloon. Sober Russia opened the way for free Russia. A trinity in unity -modern science, modern industry, twentieth century religion - bent on putting away the saloon. A decent man defending the saloon needs a strong stomach. He has to chum with a smelly lot of fellows who won't allow him to put on airs. Gutter consumption increases to the injury chiefly of the hogs and other animals that run at large. This may serve to explain the high price of pork and also the alleged increase in the per capita consumption of intoxicants. The Alliance News and Temperance Reformer The organ of the United Kingdom alliance. No. 3196. Vol. LXVI. No. 6 June, 1919. One Penny. United Kingdom Temperance and General Provident Institution. A Society for Mutual Life Assurance with no Shareholders to share the surplus available for division amongst Policy-holders. Valuation, 1915. All Stock Exchange Securities written down to the prices of December 31st, 1915. £500,000 of the surplus shown retained in hand for future contingencies - further depreciation, higher taxation, etc. "The Institution is in a strong position as the result of conserving its resources and writing down the value of its investments. When peace is declared, and recuperation and recovery commence, the members will reap the reward of prudence and economy during the present time of stress and difficulty. The advantages resulting from that recovery will accrue to the with-profit Policies which in a Mutual Office are the Policies which new assurers are advised to take." - (Extract from the 77th Annual Report, 5th March, 1918.) H. W. Hasler, Secretary. Head Office: 196, Strand, London W. C. 2. Abstainers should send for a Prospectus. A Plain Statement on Local Direct Veto. In view of the great interest that is being taken in this country on the question of Prohibition, especially as it relates to the United States of America, it is necessary to point out that the United Kingdom Alliance, as in the past, continues to agitate for the securing of a direct veto power over the issue of licences as the means for bringing about Prohibition. This power has already been secured by Scotland, and next year the people throughout the northern part of the kingdom will be enabled to vote upon the question of licence or no-licence, and there can be no legitimate reason why the rest of the United Kingdom should not be in possession of the same power of veto. The reasons for local veto can be very simply stated. The avowed and only object of licensing is to supply a supposed public want without injury to the public welfare, and at present the law provides no proper method for ascertaining whether that want exists or not. No method can so easily or satisfactorily elicit this information as a direct vote on the question of licence or no- licence. The public-house is a house for the public, and as the public must bear any expense and suffer from any inconvenience caused by it, it is manifestly unjust to force such houses into neighbourhoods where the people do not want them, and local veto will prevent this injustice. Wealth and position have given to certain classes, such as land owners and licensing justices, the power to prevent the sale of intoxicating liquor on their estates or near their residences. Many of them use this power, and local veto will enable the great mass of the people to secure for themselves similar freedom form the presence and disadvantages of the liquor shop. Voting will be on the basis of the widest franchise in existence, and will take place after the fullest public discussion on the question. Brewers, publicans, drinkers, and teetotalers alike will have a vote, and the veto can only come into operation when and where the majority of those who go to the poll vote for it. The liquor trade believes that veto will be freely applied, therefore bitterly opposes it. Plebiscites have been taken in various parts of this country, and have shown substantial majorities in favour of local Prohibition. Prohibitory areas are eagerly sought after for residential purposes. In some of our colonies and over a large portion of the United States 42 (2) The Alliance News and Temperance Reformer June, 1919 of America local veto has been widely exercised. It is often said that public opinion must be behind any legislation that is to be successful. This is recognized by the United Kingdom Alliance, and it is one great reason why the Alliance pins its faith to local veto, which can only be secured by the vote of the people themselves in any given area. As the Right Hon. Sir T. P. Whittaker, M.P., in his memorandum to the Report of the Royal Commission on Licensing Law, wisely said: "If the people are given the power of direct local veto they will use it, and when used it is the most efficient remedy for intemperance which has, as yet, been devised," and in this belief the United Kingdom Alliance enters upon its autumn campaign for securing the undoubted right of the people to protect themselves, their families, and their homes from the liquor evil. Those Drug Stories from America. (By William E. Johnson, former Chief Officer, United States Indian Service.) Some astonishing stories have been recently printed in Britain regarding the alleged increase of drug addicts in America "because of Prohibition." These stories, so far as making specific statements are concerned, with a single exception, give facts regarding the increase of drug taking in licence cities. But even these statements are enormously exaggerated. Stories of drug troubles in New York City, which is not and never was under Prohibition, are especially grotesque. Dealing with these yarns, the "New York Telegraph," a daily journal of decidedly liquor sympathies, states under its issue of April 13th: - "No cause ever yet has been advanced by making it ridiculous; no reforms are effected by extravagant and transparently untrue statements concerning an evil, however ready the public may be to recognize the evil as a menace to the community. Nobody doubts that there is an illicit traffic in habit-forming drugs; and all good citizens are alive to the necessity of hunting down and punishing offenders against the law. But it will do no good to misrepresent. A Government agent is reported by a local official as saying that three physicians in New York wrote 1,500,000 prescriptions for drug addicts within a period of six months. Let us analyze this statement and see precisely what it means: "It means, in the first place, that one doctor wrote half a million prescriptions in six months, which is at the rate of 83,330 a month, 2,777 a day, 115 an hour, or approximately two a minute if he worked twenty-four hours a day, which, of course, he did not do. If he worked steadily, writing prescriptions or signing his name to blank prescriptions eight hours every day, Sundays included, he signed it every twelve seconds, taking no time for meals. "How he avoided writer's cramp is one of the mysteries not set forth in the charges. "Another authority is quoted as saying there are 300,000 drug addicts in Greater New York. Estimating the adult population at 2,000,000 persons, this indicates that one person in every six of the adult population is a drug addict. Does anybody with a thimbleful of common sense believe this? Certainly not. "The authorities have a serious problem to solve, and its solution is not going to be accelerated by palpably false assertions." It requires a quality of gall seldom found except in the demeanor of a German diplomat to single out the troubles of drugs in a city of 7,000 drink shops; multiply these same difficulties trouble to Prohibition, which does not exist in that city and never did. The only case that I have observed in which alleged specific facts were given in respect to a Prohibition city is the statement that there were "900 victims of the drug habit" in Jacksonville, Florida, a "city of 7,000 population." To this statement, Senator Duncan U. Fletcher, of Florida, in a communication to the "New York Times," states: - "I take it for granted that stating the population of Jacksonville at 7,000 is clearly a typographical error, and that the statement was intended to read 70,000. The result of this error is to convey the shockingly erroneous impression that more than 10 per cent of the people in Jacksonville are addicts to drug habits, and with it the intimation that this ratio prevails throughout the country. Certainly nothing could have been further from your intention, and I am sure you will cheerfully and promptly make correction. "It is probably that the figures with respect to Jacksonville are several years old, going back possibly to 1913, when the records of the City Health Department showed 887 registered drug addicts, and the population of the city was slightly less than 70,000. At the present time, out of a population of approximately 85,000, there are only 101 registered drug addicts. I think this great reduction in the number of case, despite a substantial increase in the number of cases, despite a substantial increase in population, should be emphasized in justice to the city and a sufficient method in handling this evil." Unfortunately, Senator Duncan did not bring out the fact that in 1913, when there were 887 drug addicts in Jacksonville, the place was under the licence system. Now that Prohibition prevails there are only 101 such addicts. In other words, the number of drug addicts, instead of increasing, has actually decreased to less than one-eighth of the number that existed under the licence system. There is another angle to this same subject: There are, in America, several large corporations that have grown wealthy in treating the liquor habit and drug habit, habits that developed under the licence system. These corporations maintain more than 200 institutions in the States, all of which were established during the prevalence of the licence system. These same concerns are now being closed up because of the spread of Prohibition, and plans are being made to practically close them all after Prohibition becomes complete throughout the whole country. James E. Burke, an official of one of the larger of these corporations which advertises that it has cured 500,000 victims of alcohol, says that the spread of Prohibition has decreased his business, and that his concern believes that there will be no need for his institution after the whole country goes dry except for a few months after the dry policy becomes effective. Mr. Burke's concern also treats drug habitués, and here is what he says about that: - "A few years ago we had sixty branches in operation throughout the country; to-day we have twenty- six. Drug cases constitute about 25 per cent of our business, the number being about the same as before the Harrison anti-drug law went into effect five years ago. But we do not think it would pay to continue treating drug cases alone. Adoption of bone-dry Prohibition by a number of States has decreased business in many sections." An official of another one of the oldest chains of drink cures in the country expressed the view that their institutions would remain open for at least a year after the coming of national Prohibition, but admitted that beyond that the future was uncertain. He said a few of the branches might be continued permanently for drug users, "who, since the passing of the Harrison anti-drug law, are confined largely to the wealthy class and residents of the underworld." Americans over here are disposed to make merry over these "pipe dream" stories of drug vagaries in America, but others take them more or less seriously. Most any old yarn from America is often taken at its face value, provided it is sufficiently grotesque and extraordinary. Official Notes. A conference of representatives of interested organizations called by the United Kingdom Alliance to consider the question of a deputation to the President of the Board of Education on Temperance Teaching in Schools was held in the Board Room on May 8th, Canon J. H. B. Masterman, M.A., in the chair. The National Free Church Council, United Kingdom Band of Hope Union, British Women's Temperance Association, Women's Total Abstinence Union, Lancashire and Cheshire Band of Hope Union, National Temperance Federation, Railway Temperance Union, Hampshire Band of Hope Union, National Temperance league, and United Kingdom Alliance were represented. Dr. Scott Lidgett advised that a joint deputation be arranged representing the National Free Church Council and the Temperance organizations, and Sir Alfred Pearce Gould strongly supported the proposal to send a deputation to Mr. Fisher. It was resolved that a sub-committee be appointed to seek to secure an effective deputation to urge upon the Board of Education the development of Temperance teaching in all classes of schools under the control of the Board. The sub-committee was appointed as follows: Lady Horsley, Miss Richardson, Mrs. Bonwick, Sir Alfred Pearce Gould, Revd. J. Tolefree Parr, Messrs. W. Chandos Wilson, J. T. Rae, Edward Wood, Charles Wakely, Guy Hayler, Avery Roff, J. J. Hatch, Convener. At a meeting of the Executive Committee of the United Kingdom Alliance on May 29th the President, the Right Hon. Leif Jones, in the chair, it was decided to make arrangements for an extensive Prohibition and Local Veto Campaign throughout the country during the coming autumn and winter. The campaign will be largely educational in character, showing the advantages which have been gained to the whole community by Prohibition in the United States and Canada as well as in Prohibition areas in the United Kingdom. It will be clearly explained that the procedure for securing Prohibition in this country is by means of the vote of the people. A number of eminent speakers from the United States and Canada are expected to take part in the campaign, and they will deal very largely with the effects produced by Prohibition in their own countries. The campaign will probably be opened in the Manchester and Liverpool districts at the beginning of October culminating, so far as those districts are concerned, with the Annual Meeting of the United Kingdom Alliance in Manchester, which is fixed for October 21st. The following resolution was adopted at a meeting of the Executive Committee of the United Kingdom Alliance on May 29th: "This Executive Committee of the United Kingdom Alliance agrees with the Licensing Authorities of the County of London and of the City of Birmingham in opposing the 'Public-house Improvement Bill' now before Parliament, and concurs in the view of these magistrates that they already have full power to sanction structural improvements, and that to exempt 'Improved Public- houses' from compensation levies would so reduce compensation funds as to check the elimination of admittedly redundant licences. This Committee further protests against the Bill as detracting from the powers of the local justices to refuse the addition of musical and other attractions to drink shops, and as depriving children of the measure of protection now afforded them by their legal exclusion from the barroom of liquor licensed premises." Churches and the Restrictions. The Temperance Council of the Christian Churches has arranged to hold a meeting at the Central Hall, Westminster, London, on the evening of June 24th, to urge upon the Government the desirability of maintaining, as far as possible, the restrictive measures which the Control Board has brought into operation, and the United Kingdom Alliance is co-operating in this effort. The speakers will be: His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury (in the chair), His Eminence Cardinal Bourne, Dr. Scott Lidgett, Principal Garvie, Commissioner Higgins (Chief of Staff, Salvation Army), Rt. Hon. Sir Donald Maclean, M.P., Lord Henry Cavendish- Bentinck, M.P., Miss Margaret McMillan, Mr. J. St. Loe Strachey, and S ? T ? Barlow. June, 1919 The Alliance News and Temperance Reformer. (3) 43 United Kingdom Alliance. Spring Meetings at Leicester. The spring meetings of the United Kingdom Alliance were held in Leicester and district from Monday, May 12th, to the following Sunday. Notwithstanding the summer-like weather, the gatherings were very successful. Meetings were held at Market Harborough, Desford, Loughborough, Coalville, Hinckley, Sileby,, and Thurmaston. Amongst those taking part may be mentioned Revd. Canon Jerrold, M.A. Rural Dean; Revd. John Evans; Revd. D. Dewar, M.A.; Revd. W. H. Wills; County Councillor A. Pickard, J.P.; Mr. S. Dutton; Mr. W. E. Johnson, British representative, Anti-Saloon League of America; Mr. E. J. Johnson, Deputational Agent, United Kingdom Alliance; Mr. J. B. Thornley, District Supt., U.K.A. On Saturday, May 17th the speakers, officials, representatives of Temperance and other bodies, and a number of leading citizens, were entertained to luncheon at the Orient Hall, Leicester, by Mr. and Mrs. A. Wakerley. The Right Hon. Leif Jones, President of the Alliance, delivered a short address, and expressed the thanks of the gathering to the host and hostess. A public conference was held later on Saturday afternoon at the Edward Wood Hall, Leicester, the subject for consideration being "Prohibition and Social Reconstruction." Mr. G. C. Turner presided. The Right Hon. Leif Jones said the subject appointed for my speech this afternoon is "Prohibition and Social Reconstruction," and I very gladly speak upon that subject, not as an expert either in prohibition or reconstruction, but as a British citizen, knowing that reconstruction is not only universally desired, but is the great need of our society, and that Temperance reform is a vital factor in any successful scheme of reconstruction. After more than four years of war we stand now on the threshold of peace, and our people are anxious to rebuild the social structure on better lines than before the war. War seldom serves any good cause, and I don't think this war has made the task of reconstructing society any easier. I remember discussing once with Mr. Volhovsky, a very leading advocate of free Russia 20 years ago, the question of the assassination of the Czar, and whether any good had ever come out of tyrannicide, and I suggested that the removal of an individual or two never made much difference to any cause. He said, "Well, it was a gigantic note of interrogation." I think the war has been a gigantic note of interrogation, and we have got to give an answer to the questions raised by it. What is our civilization worth, what is our society worth, what is man worth? People throughout the world are, as I said, desirous of reconstructing society on better lines, and they talk very glibly about it at the present time. Politicians and publicists and writers are all writing and talking as if the alteration was to be brought about by talking. We shall not do it by talking or dreaming about it. We have got to turn to and do it. All the war has done is to ask us questions. Everything we have to do is now more difficult than before the war. Are we as a people better than before the war? I ask you to look round the nation. Are the rich more unselfish than they were before the war? Are the poor wiser than they were before the war? Is there not a danger that the whole mass of our society may have been materialized by the war rather than idealized? All the circumstances of our life are more difficult than they were before the war. We are poorer than we were. In this war the sacrifice of this country on the altar of freedom has been almost a generation of its young men, nearly one million lives of the brightest and best amongst us. And of those who survive and come back to us, how many have their nerves shattered, unable to help us in the work that lies before us? From the point of view of humanity we are far worse off than we were five years ago. We are poorer in material goods than we were before the war. War is the most wasteful of all human institutions. I was, in the last six weeks, on the battlefields of France. I motored for 400 miles over the country where the battles of the Marne and Aisne were waged, and where the French and ourselves have fought backwards and forwards many times. It is a scene of desolation impossible to realize if you have not seen it. The speaker described the destruction wrought in the city of Rheims, where not a single house remained inhabitable; the glorious cathedral was battered to pieces, great holes being torn in the roof, and the foundations so shaken that he thought it could never be rebuilt. He saw that the city of Chicago had decided to adopt Rheims, and had offered to rebuild it, and make it habitable again. (Applause.) They were grateful to Chicago, but even they could not make it what it was before. In other places there was not one stone left standing upon another. The country was more desolate than it was during the war. One saw no living thing. That was during the war. One saw no living thing. That was the wastefulness of war. "But that is not all," he continued, "we have not suffered from that in this country. Actually the material damage done here is not very great, but for five years we have turned all our productive energies into making material for the war. Making things to destroy and be destroyed. We have not been producing useful things. our whole country has gone back. Our houses have fallen into disrepair, our factories the same, and our machinery the same, except such machinery as has been made for war purposes and may now be turned to the purpose of producing useful things. The tracks of our railways are out of order and our rolling stock very deficient. In every direction for want of labor and material we have been negligent of our repairs. I don't want to draw too gloomy a picture for you, but I want the people of this country to look facts in the face. We must have the united efforts of brain and heart and hand of the people of this country, and we must face the realities of our position, otherwise all our reconstruction schemes may end in talk, and we may find that from this war dates the decline of Europe's greatness. I have said all this because in dealing with reconstruction I think the drink question must take a prominent place. Next to war, drink is the most wasteful institution that man has created. It is waste from beginning to end. There is waste of food and labor in making the drink, and there is waste in distributing it; there is waste in buying it, and waste of efficiency in consuming it. So that when you come to the time when owing to the difficulty of our circumstances, you want the maximum of output, and want every individual to be at his or her best, and when it should be the common object of every right-minded individual and citizen to waste nothing, to economize, and turn to productive uses all they can, so as to meet the great financial strain which burdens the nation, we are bound to ask ourselves whether we can go on carrying an institution so wasteful as the liquor traffic. I regret to see that while the Government are talking a great deal about reconstruction, and issuing pamphlets innumerable, dealing with the problems that lie before the nation, they have not said one word to indicate that they have any realization or understanding of the drink problem. They understand it in other parts of the world. I was very glad to see in the draft of the part of the League of Nations words in Clause 2 conferring upon the mandatory Powers the right to prohibit abuses such as the slave trade, the traffic in arms, and the liquor traffic." (Hear, hear.) A very appropriate trio! The person who penned that sentence really understood the liquor traffic, which is indeed an evil comparable with the slave trade, and with war. That is for Africa, and it is well that the native races should be protected there. But what about our own country and our own people? "These lofty souls have telescopic eyes To see the slightest speck of distant pain While at their feet a world of agonies Unseen, unheard, unheeded, writhes in vain." The drink traffic has done more harm in this country and on the Continent of Europe than it is doing in the Continent of Africa, and if I may say so to these lofty souls, the condition of the people of this country concerns us more nearly than does the condition of the people of Africa. There is a native population here, but for them the Government provides no protection from the liquor traffic. On the other hand, the Government tells us through its spokesmen that the cause of industrial unrest is want of beer, and the way to prevent it is to give a larger supply of beer. The Government seems not to understand the problem that confronts them. To deal fairly with reconstruction they must deal first and not last with the drink problem. Cobden said 60 years ago that Temperance lies at the very foundation of social reform. That is literally true. The effects of drink can be stated in two sentences. It lessens the general efficiency of the individual, and it tends to deteriorate his surroundings. I lay it down, and I challenge contradiction, that whatever you have to do you will do it better without drink than with it. An individual who wishes to make the most of his powers will give up drink, and at a moment like this, when our greatest burden is an economic one, the nation also should give up the drink. Not only would a nation of abstainers be a fitter and stronger nation than a nation of drunkards, but the whole circumstances of the national life would be changed. Drink makes people endure conditions which they would not tolerate if they were sober. We Temperance people are sometimes told that what is wrong with the world is that the houses are not good enough, and if only we had better houses are not good enough, and if only we had better houses people would not give way to drink. I don't deny that if the people had better surroundings they might not give way to drink so much, but don't let us run away with the idea that better houses would solve the drink question. We make our surroundings far more than our surroundings make us. Think you great men are created by their environment? Epictatus was a slave, Christ was a carpenter's son, Marcus Aurelius was an Emperor. Man is still lord of himself, and in great measure master of his fate. I hate the inequalities around us, and I think we should not tolerate them, but it is the man himself that matters, not where he lives or what he does. It is because our Temperance question contributes in both these ways, making fitter individuals and improving their surroundings, that I hold with Cobden, that the Temperance question lies at the very root of all social reconstruction. Are we going to allow the country to slip back to what it was before the war? There has been a great improvement largely because there has been less drink available. No doubt the regulations under which drink was sold have contributed towards this improvement, but they do not matter so much as our friends who believe in regulation think. Lord D'Abernon, the chairman of the Liquor Control Board, thinks he has solved the liquor problem, and no preconceived predilections would make me refuse to accept his solution if he had found one, but I believe that the main cause of the reduced number of convictions is that there has been less drink consumed. I remain as convinced as ever that drink is the cause of drunkenness. The Government are not going to help us. I am not going to talk about the circumstances of the last election, but the most influential supporters of the Coalition at that time and now was Sir George Younger, the brewer, and while he holds his position we are not likely to get much out of the Government. The Government will not save us, and the true solution of the whole difficulty is to trust the people with power to decide the whole question for themselves. I ask you to use all your influence to prevent the nation from giving up the ground that has been gained. In America they have taken a great stride forward recently, and in the American example we have a portent which the people of this country had better begin to study soon. I am not going to deal very much with America in the presence of an American, but it will do him no harm to hear what Englishmen think about it. I read in a English newspaper, and some of them seem to be supplied with paragraphs by the liquor trade in America, that the passing of prohibition was a triumph of organization over indifference. I don't need to be told that that emanated form a liquor source, for you cannot have a greater misstatement than that the liquor drinker is indifferent to his drink. He is a fanatical defender of it and resents our interference vigorously and continually. Nothing could be more untrue than the suggestion that Prohibition was achieved in America through the indifference of the drinkers. It has been done by organization if you like; but at every stage the Prohibitionists had to fight the liquor trade, and you would make a great mistake if you thought that the victory was won in America because the liquor trade was less assiduous in defending its rights than the liquor trade in this country. The people of this country are inclined to be a little patronizing to America over it. I think it was Mr. Keen who said a Bishop told him "We shall watch with great interest your experiment." Mr. Keen replied that Prohibition in America was not an experiment, but a proved success. (Applause.) America is not experimenting any longer. The voters there are putting it into the Constitution, but they are not doing it in a hurry. There have been 60 or 70 years of experience culminating in this triumph. Why have they done it? Listen. On February 2nd, 1917, the State of Oregon went dry. The Portland Chamber of Commerce summarizes the advantages up to date as follows: "A striking decrease in all classes of crime in the City of Portland. Vastly improved social condition" - this is not a Temperance organization I am quoting, but a Chamber of Commerce, and I suggest that it is about time Chambers of Commerce in this country began to study the effects of [Continued on page 47.] 44 (4) The Alliance News and Temperance Reformer June 1919 Notes & Comments. Drunkenness in England and Wales. Figures supplied by the Liquor Control Board show that in 1918 the weekly average of convictions for drunkenness in scheduled areas in England and Wales was 535. The weekly average of the four weeks ending January 26th, 1919, was 495; February 23rd, 560; March 23rd, 710; April 20th, 772. Benefits of a "Dry" Year. A U. S. wireless message from Detroit, dated May 1st, says this city on that day completed its first year of official Prohibition as the world's largest "dry" city. Since April 19th, 1918, bank savings have increased over the previous "wet" year by more than £5,200,000. Murders, suicides, embezzlements, assaults, robberies and drunkenness have decreased by 50 per cent. The United States Navy Secretary on a "Dry" Navy. Mr. Daniels, the U.S. Secretary for the Navy, in a statement to representatives of the British Press in London on May 1st, pointed out that the popular supposition that it was he who made the American Navy "Dry" was incorrect. For over 20 years, ever since the time of President McKinley, the men of the U.S. Navy had been forbidden to bring drink on board ship. He had simply extended the principle to the officers' mess. He admitted that when the Order was first put into force it was not very popular, but it was issued purely in the interests of efficiency, and had operated so well that he did not think the officers, if they were asked to vote upon the subject would decide in favor of reversal. "Do the men fight better?" he was asked. "Men don't fight on beer or water," he replied, quickly, "they fight on courage." Do you think the Prohibition Law will actually come into force on July 1st?" "Of course I do. It is the law of America, and will come into force unless the Congress which made it changes it before that date." Brewery Finance. In view of the discussion on the Budget and the outcry of the "trade" against the increased duties on Liquor the following paragraph from The Brewers' Gazette of May 8th is of interest: "A certain amount of marking down has recently occurred through fears of the Budget, but, apart from the latter, brewery stocks have maintained their position. It is borne in mind that the prosperity of the last few years has enabled brewery companies to place their finances upon a much firmer basis, and, by force of circumstances, co- operative measures have been adopted in various quarters where sharp competition previously obtained." State-Aided Drunkenness. In fining for drunkenness a man receiving the unemployment donation, Mr. Hay Halketh, the Greenwich magistrate, suggested on Saturday, May 10th, that a record might be kept of such cases. The number had been very large, and it was a remarkable fact that in practically every instance the offenders had had money to pay the fine. London and Birmingham Justices Oppose Lord Lamington's Bill. The Justices of the Peace for the County of London, at the Sessions House, Clerkenwell, London, on May 9th, adopted the following resolution: "The Court of Quarter Sessions of the County of London this day assembled, having considered the 'Public House Improvement Bill,' which has passed the third reading in the House of Lords, is of opinion that the Bill is unnecessary. The Justices have full powers at present to authorize licensed premises to be adapted so as to be not merely places for the consumption of intoxicating liquors, but to contain adequate provision for the supply of other refreshments with proper seating and sanitary accommodation, and such applications receive their sympathetic consideration. In view of the necessity for further reduction of surplus licences in redundant areas, the Court cannot approve any proposal which would have the effect of reducing the Compensation Fund. That the Members of Parliamentary Committee be requested to oppose the Bill should it be introduced into the House of Commons." On May 22nd the Birmingham Justices passed a similar resolution. Lord D'Abernon on Prohibition. Lord D'Abernon, chairman of the Central Control Board, in a postscript to the preface which he contributes to the Rev. Henry Carter's book on "The Control of the Drink Trade," a second edition of which has just been published, says: "After all, the vital and essential question is, can alcohol be controlled, or not? The United States have said avail but total Prohibition." Canada appears to take the same view. My opinion - as regards this country - is different. I believe that Control can effect all that is required, and would possibly give more than would be admittedly doubtful. It depends upon the good sense of the public, and the wisdom of Parliament. If, instead of having Prohibition and Control to choose between, the choice lay between Prohibition and a relapse to pre-war conditions, I should not hesitate to support Prohibition at any cost, rather than be a party to the national disgrace which would be involved in a deliberate and voluntary return to a lower level." Mr. Hawker a Teetotaler and Non-Smoker. Mrs. Hawker, whose Atlantic flight is and in America, is thus described by the Daily Chronicle of May 19th: "One of Mr. Hawker's strongest characteristics is an extraordinary toughness, which, to the amazement of other flying men, seems to render him entirely immune from effects of cold and low atmospheric pressure that the majority of people would simply be incapable of sustaining. On occasion he has cheerfully attacked altitude records dressed in ordinary clothes and on a machine quite innocent of any oxygen apparatus. Under these conditions he has flown to a height of 27,500 feet - a figure that was a record for a considerable time. On the top of this staggering feat of endurance, Mr. Hawker proceeded to dive pretty nearly vertically to the ground, undergoing within the space of a few seconds a change of atmospheric pressure that would put any ordinary man's lungs out of action, and very likely kill him, if he escaped from the ensuing crash. This immunity is no doubt very largely to be ascribed to the fact that Mr. Hawker is a lifelong teetotaler and non-smoker. President Wilson and Prohibition. Some people seem to think that President Wilson's reference to liquor legislation, in his message to Congress, means that he is going to stop National Prohibition. It does not mean that at all. By a special war-time Act (an amendment to the Food Production Bill of last November), America is to go "dry" on June 30th. The laws governing this change can be amended or repealed by Congress, and the manufacture of liquor be resumed. But, by an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, the whole country must go "dry" on January 16th, 1920. This decision is not affected by the President's message. It cannot be altered by Congress. The Supreme Court cannot annul it. Police and Liquor Restrictions. The Greenock Branch of the International Police and Prison Warder's Union have resolved: "That the condition of our work and duties during the war having been made so much easier by the restrictions put on the hours and on the sale of intoxicating liquor by the Liquor Control Board, and in view of the benefits to the community, and especially to the children, as shown by the facts related in the Annual Report of the Chief Constable and as disclosed to us in the discharge of our duties, we resolve respectfully to urge that the restrictions be continued until the electors of Scotland have had the opportunity of voting on the disposal of licences in 1920." M. Clemenceau and Abstainer. The venerable and remarkably able President of the French Council, and France's Minister of War, has been very much in the public eye of late. He was born in September, 1841, so that he is now 78, an age when most Statesmen have retired from active life. But, as M. Clemenceau is so remarkably alert, both physically and mentally, a clue has been looked for to account for such marvelous vitality. Messrs. Grant, Richards and Co. have just published a 12/6 volume, giving a sketch of the life of the great Frenchmen, and in it we find it stated that M. Clemenceau is a "Teetotaler, abstemious in his habits, and always in training." What about the Wine-Grape Industry? The Hon. Samuel Mauger, of Melbourne, has visited America, collecting information on the wine question in California. He shows that the State Board of Commissioners report that in California 170,000 acres are devoted to wine grapes, 135,000 to raisin grapes, and 51,000 to table grapes. The wine grapes sold for 7,590,000 dollars to wine makers, who sold the wine for 18,151,000 dollars. The raisin grapes sold for 25,000,000 dollars, while the very much smaller crop of table grapes sold for 17,500,000 dollars, as against only 7,590,000 dollars for the greatest crop which was devoted to wine. The price of the produce per acre worked out as follows: Grapes for wine producing, 45 dollars per acre; for raisins, 185 dollars per acre; table grapes, 343 dollars per acre. It is no great occasion for surprise, therefore, that the grape growers were not alarmed at the prospect of Prohibition, knowing that they could devote the wine-grape land to the profitable raisin and table-grape crops. These grape districts elected Prohibition members to the State Legislature where the Prohibition amendment was endorsed by the Upper and Lower Houses. Prohibition in Finland. The following cable has been received by Mr. Guy Hayler from Professor Taav Laitinen, of the Helsingfors University, Finland: - "I have the honour to inform you that the Prohibition law comes into force in Finland, June 1st, 1919. Taav Laitinen." A reply has been sent heartily congratulating the Prohibitionists of Finland on their victory. Converted Breweries. The huge Anheuser-Busch brewing plant in St. Louis, according to report, is to be converted soon into a packing plant establishment; one in Kansas City is passing into the hands of a food products concern. A brewery in Flint, Mich., has become a church; one in Aberdeen, Wash., has become a clam cannery; one in Spokane, is making vinegar; one in Mobile, is making syrup and stock feed from water-melons; one in Iowa City is making butter; one in North Yakima is manufacturing by-products of fruit; one in Lansing June 1919 The Alliance News and Temperance Reformer (5) 45 Is making auto parts; one in Peoria, Ill., is grinding corn meal; one in Rhode Island is producing moving pictures; one in Seattle is turning rice into syrup; one in Chicago is a hospital, and another is a soft drink factory; one in Salem, Ore., is now making loganberry juice; one in Washington, Pa., is making paints, oils, and varnish; one in Wheeling is packing meat, and several others establishments now employ more workers than when in the beer business. American Liquor Schemes Fail. The Anti-Prohibition Demonstration in Madison Square Gardens, in New York City, on May 27th, proved a gigantic fizzle. The hall is the largest in New York City and seats over 10,000 people. A cablegram received by the United Kingdom Alliance, from Samuel J. Fickel, Managing Editor of the "American Issue," says: "Anti-Prohibition Demonstration in Madison Square Gardens was a tame affair, only 49 soldiers and sailors were present. The boys' drum-corps wore sailor uniforms, but were not sailors. The audience was mostly bar-tenders and liquor dealers." Two weeks ago before the Ohio Legislature the liquor dealers staged a demonstration against the pending law to enforce Prohibition, and telegraphed all over the country that 5,000 overseas soldiers would appeal before the Legislative Committee to protest against the passing of the Bill. Instead of 5,000 overseas soldiers being present there were exactly 13, and only one of the 13 had been overseas. Against this 13 more than 100 bona-fide soldiers voluntarily appeared advocating the dealers to marshal the American overseas soldiers against the Prohibition law did not prove to be in any way a success. National British Women's Temperance Association. Annual Council Meetings in London. The Annual Council and Associated Meetings in connection with the National British Women's Temperance Association were held in the Kingsway Hall, London, May 13th-16th, and were in every way successful. The 43rd Annual Public Meeting was held on Tuesday, May 13th, when the chair was occupied by Miss Foster Newton. The speakers included Sir Alfred Pearce Gould, K.C.V.O., Dr. John Clifford, Mr. Gerald France, M.P., and Miss Christina Tinling, of the United States. The following resolution was unanimously adopted: - "That this meeting calls upon the Government to introduce and carry through Parliament, without delay, a measure to give power to the people by means of Local Option, to vote for the entire extinction of liquor licences in their localities; it further urges that the present restrictions on the output of intoxicants and of the hours of sale should be maintained, and not relaxed during the forthcoming Peace celebrations." The opening session on May 14th was presided over by the President, Rosalind, Countess of Carlisle, the registered number of delegates being 842. Miss Agnes Slack, as Hon. Corresponding Secretary, submitted her report, showing a membership of over 137,883. 28 new branches were started during the year. At the various sittings of the Council resolutions in support of Local Veto, the Nine Points of the Temperance Council of the Christian Churches, maintenance of liquor restrictions, women's work in the Government, Temperance instruction in schools, sale of intoxicants to children, etc., were adopted. The following resolution on electoral policy was also carried with 11 dissentients: - "That the N.B.W.T.A shall only support those Parliamentary candidates who will pledge themselves to vote for and promote legislation giving to the people through Local Option the power to prohibit the Liquor Traffic in their localities." Lady Carlisle made an appeal to the Council to do all in its power to ensure the success of the World's Women's Christian Temperance Union Convention, which is to be held in London next April on the invitation of the N.B.W.T.A. Education and Prohibition. The London Committee of the Alliance held a special conference in the Board Room of the Head Offices, Westminster, London, on Friday, the 9th of May. Invitations were issued to the members of the London County Council, the General Committee of the London County Council, the General Committee of the London Teachers' Association, and the officials of London Temperance organizations. The occasion was to extend a welcome to Captain Leigh Colvin, Ph.D., of New York University, and to hear the story from Captain Colvin of "education among the young as a factor in American Prohibition." Sir Alfred Pearce Gould presided, and urged the need for education not only in primary and elementary schools, but also in such educational centres as Oxford, Cambridge, Eton, and Harrow. By a happy inspiration Dr. Colvin reminded the audience in his opening remarks that the Archbishop of Canterbury had two days before in Lambeth Palace referred to our American brothers doing things on an exceptional scale. If there is a railway accident, there are always more carriages concerned and people destroyed than in any other land. If there is an earthquake, it is always the most tremendous that has ever been. Now they are feeling the shock of one of the most beneficent earthquakes in the prohibition of intoxicants as human beverages. This pleasantry of the Archbishop enabled Dr. Colvin to emphasize that the Prohibition movement was not the outcome of hysteria or emotion, but the calm and considered judgment of the American people through the legislators. The address was followed with keen interest, and many interesting issues were raised during a most cordial and friendly discussion. It was a healthy sign of the time to note in the audience so many representative and experienced workers among the young. Deputation to Welsh Parliamentary Party. A large deputation representative of the Principality as a whole, recently waited upon the Welsh Parliamentary Party in the House of Commons, to press upon them the expediency of a national policy for securing for wales specific legislation in the matter of Temperance Reform. The deputation was headed by the Bishop of Llandaff, and included Lord Clwyd. Sir Garrod Thomas, Mr. William George, and Mr. John Owens, of Chester. All shades of ecclesiastical and political interests were represented on the deputation. The policy put forward by the deputation embraced the prevention of a return to pre-war hours, the continuance of the restrictions of the Central Control Board, continuance of the Sunday Closing restrictions for Monmouthshire, Local Option on lines conceded to Scotland, compulsory maximum compensation levy for the immediate reduction of redundant licences, the abolition of grocers' licences, closing of licensed premises on election days, control of clubs, increased power for magisterial benches in controlling licences, prevention of the removal of licences from one district to another, the prohibited sale of intoxicants to young people under the age of 18, and the establishment of social centres without intoxicants. Prohibition in India. Anglo-Indian Temperance Association. Lord Clwyd presided on May 27th at the annual meeting of the Anglo-Indian Temperance Association at Caxton Hall, London. The report stated that the adoption of Prohibition in the United States had made a deep impression upon Indian public opinion. Some of the native States are moving in the same direction. The Maharaja of Bhavnagar has just decreed the immediate suppression of a large proportion of the liquor shops within his territories with a view to the speedy enactment of complete Prohibition. The Chairman urged that in the great work of reconstruction which lies before the people of India Temperance reform must play a prominent part, and emphasized the unity which prevailed amongst them on this subject. The meeting was addressed by Sir Alfred Pearce Gould, Mr. Bhupendra Nath Basu (member of the Council of India), Rev. Herbert Anderson, Alderman Joseph Malius, and others. Resolutions were passed expressing the hope that under the scheme of constitutional reform shortly to be introduced in Parliament the people of India, through their representatives in the Legislative Councils, would be given full powers to deal with this social problem in accordance with their own traditions and convictions. Parliamentary. House of Commons, May 13th. Public House Improvement Bill. "To amend the law relating to the sale by retail of excisable liquors," Presented by Sir Watson Rutherford; to be read a second time upon Friday, June 27th, and to be printed. May 22nd. American Temperance Advocates (Passports). Mr. Adamson asked the Lord Privy Seal whether a prohibition had been placed upon the entry into this country of American Temperance advocates and American Temperance literature; whether he is aware that the Rev. D. M. Gandia, California, and Miss Anna Gordon desired to leave America for Scotland to participate in a Local Option campaign, but were refused passports, the explanation given being that the British authorities did not desire the presence of temperance agitators; and whether, if this is correct, he will give the reasons for this policy on the part of the Government? Mr. Bonar Law: The Government have no information on this subject, which was one entirely for the American authorities. Mr. Raffan: May we take it definitely that no representations have been made? Mr. Bonar Law: I have made inquiry; my information is that representations have been made. [In connection with the answer given above, Mr. Raffan informs us that the answer given by Mr. Bonar Law was "my information is that representations have not been made. - Editor, A.N.] Beer Supplies. Mr. Seddon (by Private Notice) asked whether the Government are aware of the great discontent caused in various parts of the country by the present shortage of beer, and whether they propose to take any steps to relieve the situation? Mr. Roberts: Yes, Sir. The subject has again been considered by the Government, and it has been decided to increase the standard barrelage from 20,000,000 standard barrels to 26,000,000 standard barrels, which at the present sanctioned gravity of 10.40 would give approximately 35,000,000 bulk barrels. Of the 26,000,000 standard barrels to 26,000,000 standard barrels, which allocation by the Ministry of Food to areas where the population has increased. The present prices will remain and the Chancellor of the Exchequer will, in due course, make proposals to this House for the additional taxation consequent on the increased barrelage. June 3rd. Liquor Control. Colonel Ashley asked the Prime Minister why, with reference to the control of the manufacture, sale, and distribution of intoxicating liquors, the War Cabinet are consulting certain unknown and unrepresentative individuals, instead of going for guidance to the House of Commons? Mr. Bonar Law: The War Cabinet has asked a Committee of Ministers, assisted by representatives from the Ministry of Food and the Central Control Board, to furnish them with a report on this subject. Mr. J. Jones: Are any working-class organizations being invited? Mr. Bonar Law: This is not a general inquiry. It is a Committee set up to advise the Government, which consists of Ministers and representatives of the Ministry of Food and the Control Board. Lieut.-Colonel Sir J. Hope: Can the right hon. Gentleman give the names of the Committee? Mr. Bonar Law: I have already said it is quite unusual and it is very undesirable to give the names of a Cabinet Committee appointed to advise the Cabinet. Business Notices. Editorial Department. - Communications for the Editorial Department of the "Alliance News and Temperance Reformer" should be addressed to the Editor, 1, Victoria Street, Westminster, London, S.W.1. Secretarial Department. - Communications having reference to Subscriptions, Arrangements for Public Meetings, Deputations, etc., should be addressed to The Secretary, 1, Victoria Street, Westminster, London, S.W.1. 46 (6) The Alliance News and Temperance Reformer. June, 1919 Labour and the Liquor Traffic. (Continued from page 39.) Even with such a Government the liquor dispensed under State auspices will not be deprived of its alcoholic injury to the consumer, an injury which scientific data proves cannot be disregarded, no matter by whom liquor is sold. To those who hope for Prohibition through State ownership and operation the experiments of the past can only prove how the trafficking in strong drink tends to fasten "the Trade" more firmly in the national organization, and users of revenue from intoxicating liquor for laudable purposes only provide a justification for doing a national wrong in order that some good might come out of it. The perpetuation of a social wrong which demoralizes one class of the community in order that social institutions for the benefit of other classes may be established and perpetuated is a base prostitution of the functions of Government, and cannot be justified even if the ultimate objective is to wipe out the traffic which provides a revenue to carry out such a policy. Governments Condemn Alcohol. It is paradoxical that Governments should merely restrict the sale of a commodity which is described in elementary and secondary schools as an enemy to the brain cells, the nerves, and the tissue of the human body. It is a gross misuse of Governmental powers to dispense a commodity, the evils from which constitute such a grave danger to citizenship and national standards as to necessitate the teaching of children to abstain from patronizing a Government institution whose sole function is to sell that destructive commodity, admitted by another Government department to be an enemy to the State. It is equally paradoxical that Governments should establish Departments of Health for the purpose of conserving the health of the citizens of the nation, and at the same time accept partnership in an industry that has recently been condemned by such an important body as the American Medical Association, representing 120,000 physicians in Canada and the United States, as inimical to national efficiency and destructive of the mental genius and physical prowess of the American people. Independent of the ruinous effect of the liquor industry upon the health of the consumers of its product we know that those engaged in the production and sale of the product suffer seriously. During the years 1900, 1901, and 1902 there were 121,352 male persons returned as brewers, innkeepers, and inn servants between 25 and 65 years of age in Great Britain. If those persons had been employed as miners, then 4,432 of them would have died during the three years; if they had been employed as shopkeepers (grocers, drapers, etc.), only 4,209 would have died; but because they were employed in the drink trade, not 4,209 died, but 8,486. A trade which takes a toll of from 1,750 to 2,000 lives every year, over and above the normal mortality, would under any conditions still produce a death-rate among its workers enormously higher than that of other State servants. What can be more foolish than a Government establishing all the necessary machinery to preserve "Good Order" and at the same time assuming responsibility for the manufacture and sale of a commodity which, according to the 1916 Blue Book, was responsible for 6,500 offences against good order out of approximately 7,600 convictions. It would place the judiciary in a peculiar position if they were reminded by men convicted of being drunk and disorderly that the same Government which authorized a sentence through the judges was responsible for creating both the appetite for strong drink and the means of assuaging it. The commodity sold creates its own craving - a craving so strong that an even brutal expulsion of the customer from licensed premises, either at closing time or earlier, does not prevent the insulted drinker from submitting himself next morning to the risk of similar treatment. A business that has earned the moral reprobation of a community should never be taken over by a nation. Police and State Drunkards. If public-houses became State-owned, a policeman clothed in a Government uniform would occupy a more sensible position if he would stand at the entrance to the public-house and prevent men and women entrance to the public- house and prevent men and women entering than if he stood outside waiting to arrest those who violated the law because the State engaged another servant in a different kind of Government uniform to sell that which made men and women violate the law. The indications are that there would be much-lessened stringency of police supervision of public-houses if they became State-owned. At a time when liquor is being banned from municipal and State functions it would be national folly to elevate a dangerous commodity to the same status as commodities which, because of their very constituent elements, could not be classed as harmful or unnecessary at such functions. It is admitted by some of those favoring the State ownership and operation of the Liquor Traffic that many of the brewers and distillers and publicans would be glad to get out of the business. In the minds of reasonable citizens the very fact that the present owners and operators of the liquor business want to get out of it should establish a sufficient reason for the State having nothing to do with such a business. Early in 1914 a special committee, consisting of five prominent Socialists, was appointed by the Socialist National Committee of the United States to investigate all phases of the liquor problem and make a report to the National Committee, with recommendations as to the attitude the Socialist Party should take in its platform regarding the Liquor Traffic. The committee made an exhaustive study, and issued its report in May, 1915. The report took a definite stand against the Liquor Traffic. Among the conclusions reached were the following: "Alcohol is a narcotic poison like opium, arsenic, morphine, cocaine, etc. Alcohol weakens the intellectual powers. The very inhibitory, soothing, or deadening influence which alcohol exercises upon both mind and body, by which it enables the user to forget hunger, worry, sorrow, and pain, constitutes its danger. It is universally agreed that excessive drinking of alcoholic liquors is disastrous. Total abstinence is the only absolutely safe and wise course to pursue. Although the wages in the liquor industry are among the best, yet the degree of exploitation is greater than in any other phase of the capitalist system. The exploitation in all the industries of the United States averages 48.83 per cent; in the liquor business it goes up to 70 per cent. The Liquor Traffic still further exploits labour in excessive charge (compared to the cost of production) when the liquor is retailed to the consumer, and, what is worst of all, exploits the working class through the evil effects resulting from the use and abuse of alcoholic drinks. The Socialist party cannot remain indifferent or inactive, but should take a definite position and active part in combating the evils of alcoholism. In regard to the restriction of personal liberty, the committee cannot wholly approve of the opinion held by those who use this argument, for, while there are certain personal rights that should be inviolate, yet there are others that must give way, if the common interest requires it." Vandervelde against Alcohol. It was intended that Emile Vandervelde, the well- known Belgian Socialist leader, should read a paper on the subject of "Alcoholism" at the International Socialist Congress fixed for August, 1914, but owing to the outbreak of war was prevented from doing so. The resolution Vandervelde would have submitted to the convention was as follows: - "Granting the immense evil which alcohol inflicts on the working class by the ruination of its physical and moral health, the weakening of its combative energy, and the absorption each year of sums equal at least to those which are raised by the War Budget, the Congress considers that even in the interest of the progress of the Labour and Socialist movement it is absolutely necessary that the affiliated parties should organize direct action against alcoholism, thus acting entirely in the interests of the working class - (1) By urging the militants, and particularly the Labour and Socialist journals, to call the attention of the workers to the danger of alcoholism more than has been done in the past; (2) by trying to obtain the suppression of all traffic in strong drinks, or at least spirits, on premises under the control of the affiliated organizations and parties; (3) by promoting the establishment of groups, whose special mission shall be to organize propaganda against alcoholism in working-class centres; (4) by encouraging the militants and groups which are against alcohol to undertake a most energetic propaganda of deed by themselves practicing abstinence from alcoholic drinks; (5) by attacking alcohol in all its capitalist forms on legislative grounds. The measures to be taken for this purpose, from the limitation of the number of licences to complete Prohibition, will naturally vary in different countries, and will depend up the results already obtained by teetotal propaganda. But everywhere the Labour and Socialist parties must put themselves in the front rank of those who wish the workers to be freed from the domination of the producers and retailers of alcohol." Socialist Editor Condemns Booze. Writing editorially upon the subject of "Booze and the Workers," the editor of the "Appeal to Reason," the Socialist paper having the largest circulation in the United States, says: "The average man - even the average drinking man - is aware that booze produces grave ill-effects physically, seriously attacking the most vital organs of the body, and that the man who continues its use for a sufficient length of time is destined to become a mental wreck also, for booze affects the mind as disastrously as it does the body. The tendency of booze is to render the boozer incapable of continuous and effective thought or action; it destroys the mental alertness and bodily vigour required to pursue any important task of life. The working class is hindered in the performance of its high mission by booze, because booze robs the working class of its clearness of mind, steadiness of nerve, and strength of limb. The whisky- soaked working man not only lacks the strength to fight for his freedom, but he lacks even the desire to obtain freedom. He lacks even the consciousness that he is a slave. Plainly, it stands to reason that a man who has a sound and vigorous body, a clear and active mind, fine moral sensibilities, and a high type of manly ambition, demands more and better things of life than a man who has an unsound and debilitated body, a dull and lazy mind, blunted moral sensibilities, and a low type or no type of ambition. The appeal, therefore, on solid economic grounds, disfavours the use of booze by the working class." Prohibition Labour's Slogan. The accumulation of authoritative opinion from official Labour and Socialist sources that prohibition of the Liquor traffic is the only effective way of removing the evils of the traffic should influence men and women filling responsible position in the Labour movement from making declarations either directly or indirectly endorsing the State ownership and operation of the Liquor Traffic. There is justification for the charge that a working-class representative inside or outside of Parliament cannot fail to be rated as a traitor to the men and women he represents if he upholds an industry, either privately or collectively owned, which demoralizes and impoverishes his fellow-workers (To be continued.) The Independent Order of Rechabites In the most progressive Temperance Friendly Society in existence. Its success in the Juvenile Section is phenomenal, the increase in Juvenile Membership for 1918 was 53, 275, equal to 1,024 per week. During the same period 14,282 Juveniles were transferred to the Adult Section, equal to 274 per week. The Juvenile Membership is now 366,296. In addition there are 37,000 Members' children insured. The Rechabites is par excellence the Children's Friendly Society, every child enrolled in the Order is a child saved from Drink. To Parents, Sunday School Workers, Band of Hope Workers, and all Leaders of Child Welfare Movements, an appeal is made to save the nation by saving the children. The Rechabites are out to save the children From the Perils of Strong Drink. As a Children's Friendly Society it is equal to any, superior to many, and second to none. For Particulars apply: - Head Office, North Parade, Deansgate, Manchester. June, 1919 The Alliance News and Temperance Reformer. (7) 47 Spring Meetings at Leicester. [Continued from page 43.] intemperance on commerce - "postal receipts greatly increased, and also bank deposits, with much larger bank clearings. Taxes more promptly paid and court expenses reduced. Attendance at schools much greater, and children of many families generally better clothed and cared for. Apart from the breweries no business has suffered by prohibition, and business generally has improved; there have been fewer failures, and collections have been much easier. Great increase in consumers of gas, electricity, water, candy, ice-cream (nearly doubled), and laundry business. Very cheap restaurants have decreased, but higher class houses report better business." That is only one out of hundreds of resolutions passed by Chambers of Commerce in America. Those are hard facts which have gone home to the hearts and heads of American business men. They first had to get through both houses of Congress by a two-thirds majority, sanction to submit the prohibition amendment to the State Legislatures, then they had to get it through both houses of three-quarters of the States, and there are 96 separate elected houses of Legislature in the 48 States. They have passed it in 45 already and expect to pass it in 46. Even the old States of the east with one or two exceptions have passed it. New York State, which is renowned in this country for its cocktails, has passed it. It has been done by America because they realize that strong drink is the enemy of the people. What is going to happen in this country? I want our manufacturers to face these facts, and to consider what it means for themselves when they compete in the neutral markets of the world for the trade of the world. You have got America, with over one hundred million people. America has spent much less than we have in the war, and they have been much less hardly hit. They have a much smaller debt, and their taxation is much less heavy than we have to bear. You have that nation going dry, and the consequence is that there will be no money wasted there on drink. There will be no inefficiency through drink. They reckon on a 10 per cent to a 15 per cent advantage in production through their prohibition. We have added 7,000 millions to our debt, taxation is higher than our memories can recall, prices are higher than we have ever known, and we have lost a generation of our young men. We are up against a difficult situation created by the wastage of the war. How are we going to stand in this matter? Last year we spent 260 millions on drink, and this we shall spend over 300 millions at the present rate. Not only do we waste the money, but we lose efficiency, we waste productive power. I put it to you as practical people - and you are a practical people in Leicester - what sort of position is the English manufacturer going to be in to compete with the American manufacturer going to be in to compete with the American manufacturer? And you will think about it, because it is not on paper any more. It is a stiff reality, American prohibition, which you must face without delay. If our traders and workers will not face it and go down to the roots of the question and reach sound conclusions upon it, England cannot hope to maintain in the future the premier position in the trade of the world which she held before the war. I am afraid I have spoken gloomily to you, but I have endeavoured to face hard facts. I am free now. I am no longer in Parliament. I have nothing to do, if you ask me to make speeches to you, but to tell you the truth. I have not prophesied smoothly for a few years, go on without paying our way, but there will come an end. On the other hand we can set ourselves seriously and really to the task of reconstruction. If we do this we have to deal straightly with the drink traffic. This question cannot be played with or shirked, and if we seek American sympathy and follow America's great example, we shall along with America surely build a better world for our children to dwell in. (Applause.) Mr. Cyrus P. Keen (New York) speaking of the question from the American point of view, said in their Prohibition legislation they had gone no further than the public sentiment would stand, and they built on the rock foundation that the people should be given the right to determine the question themselves. The gospel had spread through the value of examples. Towns and districts which adopted it with success led to the States following the example when the beneficial results of Prohibition were observed. From every point of view Prohibition in America had been a great benefit to the nation. He quoted the names of firms who had ruled out from their employees those who were addicted to drink. Not only was it a question of industrial efficiency, but the workers themselves benefited. The first national bank of Detroit reported that in its small savings bank department in the first four months of Prohibition the deposits exceeded by four million dollars and previous four months in the history of the bank. Recently Mr. Henry Ford, of Detroit, who employs 70,000 men in his great motor works in that city, told him that on the last Monday in April, 1918, which was the last "wet" Monday in the city, there were 2,620 men who failed to turn up at work according to the time records. On the first Monday in May, which was the first "dry" Monday, the number of absentees fell to 1,618. On the second Monday there was a still further drop to 1,510. The average before Prohibition was around 2,500 every Monday. This number has now dropped under Prohibition to between 800 and 900. He thought the liquor traffic, which was a great impediment to Christian civilization, was doomed throughout the world, and he believed, too, that it would go in this generation. But it would not finally go until the churches took up their responsibility in the matter. Questions being invited, Mr. H. Benson expressed the opinion that in Leicester they ought to have a strong Alliance committee formed to select and fight for a Temperance representative in Parliament, and Mr. J. J. Hatch (U.K.A. Assistant Secretary) said there was no reason whatever why Leicester should not have such a committee, and the Alliance was forming such committees all over the country. Replying to a question whether it was a fact that drug taking increased under Prohibition, Mr. Keen said that the evidence in America was that the largest proportion of drug addicts was found in the States where they had drink. The Belle Vue Hospital, New York, reported that the drug addict was usually a graduate from alcohol. After some further discussion a hearty vote of thanks was accorded to the Chairman and speakers, on the proposition of Ald. J. Malins, J.P., of Birmingham, seconded by Mr. A. Wakerley, J.P. On Sunday, May 18th, Mr. Cyrus P. Keen and Me. J. J. Hatch conducted services in Leicester, in the Melbourne Hall, King Richard's Road Wesleyan Church, and the Avenue Road Institute. The arrangements for the Leicester meetings were the joint work of a committee, consisting of Councillor A. H. Reynolds, Rev. R. Veitch, M.A., and Mr. J. B. Thornley, District Superintendent. Obituary. Mr. Thos. Barret, of Liverpool. The Temperance movement generally, and the United Kingdom Alliance particularly, have lost a most earnest, sincere and generous supporter and advocate by the death of Mr. Thos. Barrett. For many years he was the local Secretary and Manager for the United Kingdom Temperance and General Provident Society. He was closely identified with the Wesleyan Church - was a firm friend of the Band of Hope, a member of the United Kingdom Alliance for nearly half-a- century, and a member of the Liverpool Auxiliary Committee for nearly 25 years. His funeral took place on May 7th, at New Brighton, where a large assembly of relatives, friends and acquaintances paid their last tribute of respect to a worthy comrade in the fight for the welfare of humanity and glory of God. Mr. M. B. Calvert. of Armley. We regret to announce the death of Mr. M. B. Calvert, of Armley, Leeds, which took place on May 26th. Mr. Calvert was an earnest temperance reformer, and for many years had been a warm and generous supporter of the United Kingdom Alliance. He was a member of the Executive of the British Temperance League. Open-Air Work in Manchester Area. In response to an urgent appeal from the Alliance for renewed interest in open-air Temperance work, an extensive programme of united outdoor meetings has been arranged in the Manchester area. The list includes meetings at Alexandra Park Gates, Manchester, Reddish, Pendlebury, and Rossendale. Two meetings will be held at Salford and Farnworth, three at Rochdale, and four at Bolton. The district Rechabites will hold a united meeting in Manchester, and a series of meetings has been arranged at Barrow and Ulverston. Special attention is being devoted to the Blackpool Sands Mission. In August last year the week's meetings held proved very successful, and the mission commencing on August 11th next will cover a longer period. A splendid position opposite the Tower has again been secured, and the provision for platform and other facilities will be considerably augmented. On the night preceding the mission, Sunday, August 10th, an inaugural meeting will be held in the Victoria Road Congregational Church, and the Rev. Fred Hibbert, pastor of the church and a member of the Alliance Executive, will preside. A number of friends in the Manchester district have contributed to a special fund which is being raised to defray the expenses of this effort. Any Temperance friends who expect to be at Blackpool during August 9th to 23rd inclusive, and would be willing to help as speakers, chairmen, singers, etc., are cordially invited to communicate with Mr. J. W. Berriman, U.K.A. Office, 16, Deansgate, Manchester. 48 (8) The Alliance News and Temperance Reformer June, 1919 The Manchester Liberal Programme. State Purchase Defeated. The Manchester Liberal programme has now taken final shape. Delegates representing all the divisional and ward committees connected with the Manchester Liberal Federation met in conference on May 23rd and 24th. It was decided that the programme shall be sent to the National Liberal Federation with a view to its being put forward as a national programme. Meanwhile, it is to be recommended to the Manchester constituencies in a vigorous propaganda. The Times of May 26th, referring to the attitude of the conference on the question of State Purchase said: - "The debate on the control of the liquor trade raised the issue of State Purchase, and by a decided majority, so decided that the chairman did by a decided majority, so decided that the chairman did not complete the counting of the votes, the conference decided against State Purchase. The clause added to the programme set out that 'the State should assume greater control of the manufacture, supply and distribution of intoxicating liquors, but not by means of the purchase of the interests concerned, and that localities should be given the power, by a two-thirds majority, to veto or reduce drinking facilities.'" Lord D'Abernon's Views on Liquor Restrictions. Replying to a deputation from the National Council of the Free Churches, at the Control Board, on June 2nd, which protested against recent relaxations of the restrictions, Lord D'Abernon said that the future regulation of the liquor trade was a matter for Parliament, and must depend largely upon public opinion. In his view, the permanent retention of an emergency body like the Central Control Board was not a possible solution. He agreed that a relapse to the conditions of 1914 was unthinkable, and that the experiences gained during the last four years must not be sacrificed, but must be utilized in some scheme for the permanent regulation during peace time. Lord D'Abernon pointed out to the deputation the necessity for differentiation between the various restrictions imposed during the war period. Regulation of hours and conditions of sale were, in his judgment, of vital importance. On the other hand, the Central Control Board were never in favour of the restriction of the beer supply, and had frequently taken action since the armistice, urging the importance of an adequate amount of beer to avoid uncertainty and the danger of supplies running out during open hours. The Bishop of Lincoln, Dr. Hicks, who has been seriously ill, has now been moved to a nursing home, where his progress, though slow, continues to be satisfactory. At the anniversary meetings of the United Kingdom Band of Hope Union, held in London on May 14th, it was reported that the number of Bands of Hope and Juvenile Temperance Societies was 30,000, with an estimated membership of 3,061,744. The first annual examination under the scheme framed by the Temperance Education Board for Ireland has just been held at 85 centres. No fewer than 5,322 pupils entered for examination. The examination is carried out at the schools with the permission of the Commissioners of National Education. Mr. J. Woodford Causer, Secretary of the Central Sunday Closing Association, writes to inform our readers that, though they were unable to get a place for Sunday closing in the House of Commons this session, a Bill has been prepared of which copies will be ready for issue in a few days. The honour of knighthood was conferred by His Majesty the King on May 19th at Buckingham Palace upon Ald. Alfred Jermyn, J.P., of King's Lynn, who is one of the best known Temperance workers in the East of England. He has for many years been a Vice-President of the United Kingdom Alliance, and we warmly congratulate him upon his well-merited distinction. The Royal Army Temperance Association held its annual meeting at Caxton Hall, Westminster, on May 28th. During the last few years the Association has enrolled over 10,000 new members, and the response during the recent visit to the British Army on the Rhine and the widespread interest taken in the membership roll both point to the great future which is opening out in the new army. With the view of assisting in the effort now being made by the Alliance for an increased membership, excellent help has recently been accorded by a few friends in the Manchester district. A very old friend and supporter, Dr. H. S. Renshaw, of Bowdon, game a capital start by sending in the names and subscriptions of ten new members, which he had personally secured. Miss Hilda Robinson, of Stretford, a devoted Church and philanthropic worker, enrolled 10 new members, and a few weeks afterwards added 12 more. Mr. S. Daggett, of Levenshulme, was able to secure eight names on membership forms, and other friends are making similar efforts. The value of this voluntary help cannot be over-estimated, and if one such earnest and sympathetic co-worker could be found in every town and village throughout the country, we should have an appreciable accession of members and added interest in all our work. The annual conference of the National Commercial Temperance League was opened at the Assembly Hall, Belfast, on Saturday, May 17th. There were 200 delegates present from all parts of the United Kingdom, and Ald. S. T. Mercier, J.P., the High Sheriff, presided. A letter was read from the President of the League, the Right Hon. T. R. Ferens, who was unable to be present, in which he said: "The great example of the United States and Canada ought to have a stimulating effect in the United Kingdom. Scotland, next year, will have a great opportunity. Let us hope that she will value it and make such a good use of local option that she will once more lead in Temperance reform, as she did in 1854, by Sunday closing." A large number of resolutions were adopted at the sittings of the conference, including one demanding for England, Wales, and Ireland legislation to enable the voters to decide for themselves for the issue of licences in their own localities on the lines of the powers already conferred upon Scotland by the Temperance (Scotland) Act. The whole of the gatherings were very successful. [June 9 1932] Liquor and Law To the Christian Science Monitor: Those who want to repeal prohibition cannot agree as to what they wish to put in its place. Almost everything has already been tried, and has failed to work. Fifty years ago there was a strong total abstinence movement in Massachusetts. As it aimed to persuade people to let liquor alone of their own accord, it should not have disturbed the advocates of "personal liberty." Yet it aroused the ire of Chancellor Crosby, and he denounced it as the special and direct cause of "the growth of drunkenness in our land, and of a general demoralization" - just as is now said of prohibition. Wendell Phillips replied to him in a remarkable speech, given before the Association of Ministers of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Boston on Jan. 24, 1881. Dr. Crosby had urged a special form of license, making a distinction between wine and beer and ardent spirits. Mr. Phillips said, in part: I will not delay you by criticizing his or any other license plan. The statute books in forty states are filled with the abortions of thousands of license laws that never were executed, and most of them were never intended to be. We have as good a license law in this State as was ever devised, and yet selling as discourages Dr. Crosby and leads him to think nothing at all has been done. His own city, with license laws, is yet so ruled and plundered by rum that timid statesmen advise giving up republicanism and borrowing a leaf from Bismarck to help us. License has been tried in the most favorable circumstances and with the best backing for centuries, yet Dr. Crosby stands confounded before the result. Whatever the liquor law may be, it always gets broken, because most of the drinkers care only for their pleasure and most of the dealers care only for their profits. Those who hope that we should be better off under license forget the lessons of history. Boston, Mass. Alice Stone Blackwell. Boston, Mass., Monday, April 26, 1915 Woman Suffrage and Drink At the very moment when the people of Denmark are approaching a fundamental alteration of their constitution, which will give the vote to men and women alike, on the basis of universal suffrage, a letter is being widely circulated amongst the people of Massachusetts, in the support of the liquor interests, in which an appeal is made to the public to bestir themselves for the rejection of woman suffrage, at the forthcoming referendum, on the ground that an affirmative answer would seal the fate of this appeal is at once so illuminating and so remarkable that we are convinced that it deserves all and more than the publicity its writer ever dreamed of. "We must and do know," this delightful document announces, "if woman suffrage should by any possibility be confirmed at the referendum, that it will mean entire state prohibition. No one in the state can then secure a license because the women will, in the majority, vote against it." For sheer immorality of conclusion, it would, we believe, be difficult to beat these two sentences, and we propose to show why. We say for immorality of conclusion because the plea resolves itself into an argument for the exclusion of half the people in the Commonwealth from the full rights of citizenship, for the protection of a class or rather of a trade. The right to vote has been bestowed on men not to be exercised in their own interests or in order to buttress their own prejudices, but as a sacred trust for humanity. The writer of the appeal seems to imagine that it ought to be exercised for the defense of the liquor trade. In medieval days woman was a chattel vested as completely in the hands of her husband or guardian as his horse or his house. Gradually, with the spread of civilization, this inequality has disappeared, in varying degrees, but in certain states and countries the male element still clings to some of the vestiges of the old dominion, and foremost amongst these is the exclusion of women from the franchise. This exclusion the appeal, now under consideration, clearly regards as a protection of the liquor interests. It, therefore, calmly proposes that half the population shall remain unfranchised, not for any inability of its own, not even on account of the accident of birth, but solely in the interests of the liquor trade, in plain English because it is feared that, if enfranchised, a majority of women will vote for prohibition. It is no use for the author of this astounding argument to plead that he believes that the best interests of the State will be served by the preservation of the present liquor laws, and that he would exclude women from the franchise on this account. Every voter, not hopelessly devoid of morality, believes the best interests of his country would be served by the triumph of the views he holds. But every voter, fortunately, does not propose to disfranchise those holding views opposite to his own. There is, for example, no subject on which men feel more deeply or fight more bitterly than religion. Yet no one proposes, at this time of day, that religious, civil and political disabilities should be reenacted, and that a man should be reused a vote because he is a Protestant or a Roman Catholic, a Presbyterian, a Baptist, or a Quaker. It is, however, a logical consequence of refusing a woman a vote because she is a prohibitionist, that she should be refuse a vote on account of her religious views, or because she is an anti-vaccinator or a socialist. And if a vote is to be refused to a woman on account of any one of these reasons, it follows, with irrefutable logic, that it should be refused to a man on the same grounds. These questions affect the welfare of all humanity. But whereas the maintenance of the sale of drink only affects, on the one side, the interests of those engaged directly and indirectly in the trade, and the appetites of those concerned in the purchase of it, the prohibition of the sale affects, on the other side, all humanity in as much as it must destroy those far-reaching injurious consequences against which reformers have declaimed for centuries. It is no secret that an overwhelming percentage of those who fill the prisons and asylums of the world are the victims of drink. It is no secret that the physical health of mankind is seriously depleted by the use of alcohol. It is no secret that the producing power of labor is severely depreciated by indulgence in intoxicants. It would be quite easy if it were worth while to extend the list. But if all these benefits are to be acquired by the simple transfer of the energies of those engaged in the liquor trade to a more legitimate and more profitable class of labor, then, we can only conclude that, if all that is necessary to produce such an end, is the enfranchisement of women, the writer of the plea, we have been considering, has succeeded in launching a tremendous boomerang against the liquor trade, and in formulating an unanswerable argument in favor of woman suffrage. Suffragists in Peace Battle Resolution Asking Representation at Conference Starts Clash Finally Left to Wilson's Judgment Delegates to yesterday afternoon's session of the full convention of the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association engaged in a verbal battle, following the presentation of a resolution by Mrs. Glendower Evans, chairman of the resolutions committee, requesting President Wilson to appoint as a delegate to the world's peace conference a woman in full sympathy with women's participation in public affairs, providing it seemed "wise and expedient" to him to appoint a woman to that conference. It was the provision that precipitated the clash, for there were a large number of the 300 delegates who were of the firm opinion that there should be no "ifs" about it - that the President be definitely requested to appoint a woman to the peace conference. Miss Alice Stone Black well, president of the association, sustained the action of Mrs. W. E. Birdsall, president of the Boston federation, who offered a substitute resolution urging the appointment of a woman. Miss Blackwell appealed for its adoption. The next delegate to speak said it did not seem reasonable to doubt that President Wilson would appoint a woman who is in sympathy with women's participation in public affairs, and that it was an insult to his intelligence to surmise that he would not appoint such a one. At this juncture Miss Mary Garrett Hay, vice-president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association and leader of the suffrage party in New York, stepped to the front of the platform and expressed her opinion as to the reason Mrs. Evans introduced the resolution. She said it was a subtle answer to a recent anti-suffragist attack instigated by Mrs. Wadsworth, leader of the anti-suffrage party. The wife of Senator Wadsworth has, it seemed, protested against the appointment of a suffragist to the peace conference, and the mention of Mrs. Wadsworth, did not improve the temper of the delegates. The opinions of other delegates were rapidly voiced until Mrs. George Sumner Bird, vice-president and executive secretary of the organization, rapped for order. Then Mrs. Evans called upon the delegates to "let the President do as he sees fit." Mrs. Bird called for the vote, and Mrs. Evans's resolution was carried over Mrs. Birdsall's substitute measure by three votes. Mrs. Oakes Ames, chairman of the non-partisan suffrage committee, outlined the history of the committee and told of the work it had performed in aiding in the defeat of Senator Weeks. She read a letter from Carrie Chapman Catt announcing that this defeat, coupled with the defeat of a Democrat in New Jersey, practically insures the passage of the federal suffrage amendment. This announcement was received with much Chelsea Evening Record, Tuesday , September 23, 1930 Thinks State Will Not Repeal the Baby Volstead Law Vividly Paints Pictures of Conditions Under Old Regulations - Says "Conspirators Have Not Enough Money to Win This Fight" - Links Liquor With Crime Editor Chelsea Record: - Self elected guardians of personal liberty, hip- pocket venders of alcoholic poison, aided and abetted by a subsidized wet press and certain self seeking politicians have for four months been trying to wipe out our state enforcement laws, commonly called the "baby Volstead Act". This barrage of bootlegger and booze-anarchist has not fooled the thinking masses as much as many of them believe. Unquestionably the slum vote will go strongly for repeal. The criminal vote will register for repeal. The liquor vote will be for repeal. All of these will attempt to remove all restrictions against the manufacture, and the transportation of booze, and will vote "yes" to the referendum. Every sort of misrepresentation from half truths to malicious and vicious falsehoods have been used to mislead that people in order to make easy the selling of intoxicating liquor. Jess Willard, who held the heavyweight championship of the world, once said, "Whiskey is the smoothest liar known to mankind. Booze is there eager for a knockout. The water- wagon may not be as jolly as the booze-cart but it takes you to a home and to friends but the booze-cart dumps you into the gutter or a pauper's grave." The whiskey interests have made Mars of all who have been dominated by them. Vest sums of money have been poured into the political hopper and into the propaganda launched by those who would benefit, financially, by the overthrow of the constitution and of enforcement laws. The liquor business has been the faithful friend of every vicious element in American life. It has produced criminals, it has fostered every social vice, it has corrupted politicians and our judiciary. The saloon during its day was the first place officers ever looked for criminals and the last place where virtue might be found. The saloon has gone forever, even the most rabid wet admits that. The repeal will not bring back the saloon, remember that, voters. If the baby Volstead Act were repealed, no one in Mass. could manufacture, sell or carry vote dry every time, unquestionably voting as their constituents would have them vote, they would not dare to do otherwise in this land of representative government. By the Governor Governor Allen of Massachusetts in his New Year's Day message to the State Legislature said: "The Federal Constitution rules. The repeal of the state enforcement act would be an open invitation and an incentive to violate the law. It would breed and nourish lawlessness - lawlessness which spreads as a contagion to destroy all law." What a satisfaction it is to see a great political leader neither trying to equivocate or trim, but to make his meaning and position perfectly clear and plain. The message of President Hoover to Congress upon the subject of law enforcement was probably the greatest recommendation, as well as pronouncement of National Prohibition and observance, ever made by a President of the United States. The strong declarations of Herbert Hoover express the desire of the people of the nation. The buyer who makes possible the violation of constitutional law is the most dangerous character in our national life. He places appetite above law and above the welfare of his fellow-man, he supports as determined and desperate a class of law-breakers as the police annals of any country have ever known. About the buyer is ranged the gangsters, gunmen, racketeers, moonshiners, bootleggers and corruptionists. It is for the buyer of booze that they ply their demoralizing trade. The outlaw liquor business wishing to cut down the prospects of penalty for its vicious lawbreaking, knows that if the people of Massachusetts will throw the burden of enforcement upon the Federal Government, the state police forces will very largely grant them exemption from punishment. Is Only Remedy Prohibition is the only remedy for intemperance. Prohibition is the only sensible method of dealing with the vicious elements that spring from the ment and the Volstead act. It made intoxicating liquors hard to obtain instead of easily accessible; it made them costly instead of cheap; it eliminated the saloons with their back rooms which were the hangouts of criminals and the school of crime. The liquor traffic had thousands of years in which to demonstrate its possibilities for evil. The national prohibition policy has had but ten years to show its possibilities for good. these ten years have been sufficient, however, to prove that America will never relinquish prohibition as its constitutional policy toward the drink evil. In diverting five billion dollars from the drink traffic into legitimate avenues of trade, America accomplished a feat that American business will never repudiate. The only alternative to prohibition is permission. Either we must prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages or permit it. If we permit it, we open once again the floodgates of all the misery and evil that for centuries damned and cursed the human race. No one should be fooled by the proposals of the wets to substitute the Canadian system for prohibition. In Canada There is no system of control applying to the Dominion of Canada. There are practically as many systems in Canada as there are Provinces. What is desired by the wets is the Quebec Liquor System. Under this system bootlegging has rapidly developed. This system has encouraged the use of liquors of every kind, has made it easy to obtain intoxicants of all descriptions, and has fostered what was inevitable, the pushing of the trade and the general promotion of the manufacture, traffic and sale of intoxicating beverages. Its promoters and those who have charge of the system point to the increased sale and consumption as an evidence of the success of the system. Rum runners, gunmen, thugs and all the parasites who thrive in the miasma of the underworld are fostered by the policy now in force. Drunkenness has increased and crime is steadily growing The Swedish system and the Government dispensary system, according to reliable statistics, have failed wherever tried, in that under these systems drunkenness has increased, speakeasies have thrived and social evils have increased. America has thus far refused to trust the ownership and management of railroads to the government, because it has been clearly shown that the government is not yet fitted to handle that immense accession of economic power. Far less safe is it to make our national or state capitals the headquarters of the most corrupting business this country has ever known. The present opportunities for political graft would be magnified one hundred times and corruption of our public servants would be infinitely increased. If Massachusetts should repeal the beer garden and saloon combined and is the rendezvous of habitues of the 'red light' district who go there nightly, besides hundreds of boys and girls from every section of the city." Here is a news item from the Chicago- Herald of Sept. 8, 1911: "With Rogers Park and the Northwest Side honeycombed with 'Blind Pigs' which sell bottled beer and whiskey openly without the slightest molestation by the police, Robert J. Northold, attorney, retained by a North Side saloon- keepers' association to prosecute the owners of the places, yesterday declared that some of the big breweries are backing the blind-pig men in violating the law. Conditions in Rogers Park especially are disgraceful. There are blind pigs everywhere and people in the vicinity have no trouble in buying all the beer and whiskey they want from these unlicensed places." The wets have turned moralists. They plead for education as the true and only wise plan for the promotion of temperance. We had education for over one hundred years and prohibition is the result. Quietly and effectively this education is going on and the world is getting wise to the truth regarding the unbridled appetite of the liquor interests, the camouflage and bunk of their pronouncements. The same crowd that is back of the movement to repeal our state enforcement law fought to retain the saloon, and they know that if they destroy prohibition they will resurrect the putrid body of the saloon that was buried by the vote of 46 states. Will Massachusetts drop once again to the saloon level? Will she take this step toward the return of that implacable foe of home and happiness? I do not believe that the soulless, criminal, conscienceless, boozing conspirators have money enough to win in this fight. Pour as they will their money into their campaign of lying propaganda, the citizens of Massachusetts will vote with a mighty NO to their proposition in November. The citizens of Massachusetts know that prohibition has given a bank account to hundreds of thousands who never before were able to save a cent. It has given proper, healthy and nourishing food to children who would have been victimized by the debauching robber, the legalized liquor traffic. The citizens of Chelsea and of the state know that countless communities that were formerly breeding places for vice and crime are now progressive and respectable. Prohibition is helping to make the highways safe for everybody. It has practically abolished drunken Sunday and workless Mondays. It has reduced accidents from machinery over 50 percent. It has made public drinking contemptible. It has written a billion dollars in life insurance. The purpose of prohibition was never intended to dictate personal habits but to curb an inhuman traffic. Liquor the arch-enemy of man has caused more human misery than all the wars of history. It controlled the dominated by them. Vast sums of money have been poured into the political hopper and into the propaganda launched by those who would benefit, financially, by the overthrow of the constitution and of enforcement laws. The liquor business has been the faithful friend of every vicious element in American life. It has produced criminals, it has fostered every social vice, it has corrupted politicians and our judiciary. The saloon during its day was the first place officers ever looked for criminals and the last place where virtue might be found. The saloon has gone forever, even the most rabid wet admits that. The repeal will not bring back the saloon, remember that, voters. If the baby Volstead Act were repealed, no one in Mass. could manufacture, sell or carry from place to place intoxicating liquor, without violating the federal laws. Repeal would not remove the stigma or lessen the criminality of the act. Full Force Out It is only fair to call the attention of the people of our state to the fact that every whisky politician, every political wire-puller who has battened and fattened at the whisky and beer troughs, every heeler, tout and bum who could be recruited into action has been enlisted in this fight to overthrow our state enforcement laws. If they succeed it will be a triumph for the forces back of the illegal sale of poison liquor in our state, and within a few days, speak-easies, whisky road houses, liquor joints and hangouts will spring up like mushrooms, and there will be dozens where there is one now, of these filthy dens flaunting their seductions and vicious allurements in open, flagrant disdain of our federal laws, and with the complaisant approval of our whisky politicians. To repeal our state enforcement laws would be insanity, no possible good could come from such an action and immeasurable harm would result. Have you considered the lineup on this question of repeal? Here it is: Those in favor include a few honest but misguided public men and women, brewers, distillers, whisky and rum drinkers, crooks, thugs, dope peddlers, the drugs of the underworld, foreign wine, beer and spirits manufacturers, gunmen, racketeers, rum smugglers, bums, touts and gamblers. Those opposed to the repeal of the enforcement laws include the President of the United States, the Governor of Massachusetts, the Christian Church almost in its entirety. Jewish leaders, social welfare groups, societies for the prevention of cruelty to children, temperance organizations, good citizens, big business concerns, great industrial leaders, railroad executives, economists, teachers of youth, the National Grange and the children and wives of drunkards. All the evil elements in every community want repeal, all the decent elements stand solidly for law enforcement. Ask yourself honestly, in which group do you wish to stand. Upon every citizen, upon every officer in state and federal government rests the sacred duty to uphold the law, and the state official who refuses to fulfill his clear obligation to the Constitution of the United States is recreant to his trust, forgetful of his oath of office and impairs his own official honor. The eighteenth amendment is not a local statute - it is national, and every honest student of government knows and frankly admits that the repeal of the eighteenth amendment is an absolute impossibility. In the last national election prohibition as an issue was stressed strongly by both of the two major parties and in the new Congress chosen in that spirited contest only 114 out of 435 members are even moderately wet and of the 114 only 61 of them are militantly wet and outspoken for the repeal of the amendment, less than 1-7th of the total, a pitiful minority. The lower house of Congress certainly represents the popular will and of the 435 total membership 321 steadily and unfalteringly fare of his fellow-man, he supports as determined and desperate a class of law-breakers as the police annals of any country have ever known. About the buyer is ranged the gangsters, gunmen, racketeers, moonshiners, bootleggers and corruptionists. It is for the buyer of booze that they ply their demoralizing trade. The outlaw liquor business wishing to cut down the prospects of penalty for its vicious lawbreaking, knows that if the people of Massachusetts will throw the burden of enforcement upon the Federal Government, the state police forces will very largely grant them exemption from punishment. Is Only Remedy Prohibition is the only remedy for intemperance. Prohibition is the only sensible method of dealing with the vicious elements that spring from the beverage sale liquor, however the at sale may be conducted. Prohibition recognizes the nature of the beast of alcoholism and handles it scientifically and effectively. Prohibition treats the disease not the symptoms. Prohibition closes the door of the saloon and keeps it closed. Prohibition outlaws an industry whose raw material is boys and girls, young men and young women, and whose finished product is drunkards, paupers and insane. Prohibition prevents Uncle Sam (and that means, you and me) from being partners in the most infamous and vicious traffic known to humanity. Prohibition is no longer an experiment, it has passed beyond the testing point and has demonstrated its great value. In the field of economics, of health and of sociology prohibition has proven its real worth. Assailed as to other measure has ever been assailed it would have long since been overthrown had it been less strongly intrenched in the determination of the nation or been less strongly established by a tremendous volume of public sentiment in its favor. Owing to the continuous flood of wet propaganda which fills most of our papers, and the untruthful and illogical utterances of politicians who lie to obtain votes, many do not realize the tremendous achievements which are to the credit of national prohibition. The rapidity of the times and the ease with which one forgets makes it difficult to compare that occasional violation of the law today with the chronic violations of the preprohibition era. The occasional sight of a public drunkard today draws a crowd. In the old days drunken nuisances infested our streets, our public conveyances and all public places. Today the hip flask has taken the place of the quart and the decanter. We are dealing in small fractions now, then we dealt in three figures. Have More Money The increased purchasing power of the masses is due not to increased wages but to the fact that money that formerly went for harmful drink now goes into the purchase of a home of an automobile or for education and pleasure and the thousand and one creature comforts of modern life. Prohibition is putting more money into the American family pocketbook. Prohibition gave a new emphasis to the home-building impulse. The statistics along this line all prove the truth of this statement. No other policy of public welfare ever played so large a part in striking at the causes of crime as did the adoption of the prohibitory amend- pensary system according to reliable statistic, have failed wherever tried, in that under these systems drunkenness has increased, speakeasies have thrived and social evils have increased. America has thus far refused to trust the ownership and management of railroads to the government, because it has been clearly shown that the government is not yet fitted to handle that immense accession of economic power. Far less safe is it to make our national or state capitals the headquarters of the most corrupting business this country has ever known. The present opportunities for political graft would be magnified one hundred times and corruption of our public servants would be infinitely increased. If Massachusetts should repeal the state enforcement laws, it would deprive our more than six thousand state and local police of the tool with which to enforce the eighteenth amendment as applied to the manufacture and transportation of alcoholic beverage and would throw the entire burden upon the fifty federal prohibition officers of the state. The bootlegger is only a minor pawn in a gigantic undercover operation whose intention is to bring liquor back to this country whether we to destroy the well-being, wealth, and happiness that has come to the great majority of our fellow citizens under prohibition. Loose-tongued politicians claim there is more drinking among boys and girls today than before national prohibition. This is the sort of reckless talking that is designed to deceive the unthinking. Such statements have no ascertainable foundations. It is a guess based upon the mental attitude toward prohibition. Some are hoodwinked by such statements. There is no possible knowledge of the number of boys and girls who drank before prohibition or who are drinking today. All such statements lie in the realm of conjecture and are worthless and are made solely to prejudice voters against prohibition, however, in this connection it is interesting to look over some of the stories printed in our metropolitan dailies during the preprohibition days. Here is one printed in the Chicago Tribune, Jan. 2, 1911: "ne of the first places visited after 1:00 (night) was George Silver's place at 126 Randolph st. There were 400 young men and girls in the place, and nearly every one was drunk. Fights were sporadic in the crowded room, and Silver's fat form was kept in a high state of oscillation in trying to preserve the peace. Liquors were sold steadily." and nourishing food to children who would have been victimized by the debauching robber, the legalized liquor traffic. The citizens of Chelsea and of the state know that formerly breeding places for vice and crime are now progressive and respectable. Prohibition is helping to make the highways safe for everybody. It has practically abolished drunken Sunday and workless Mondays. It has reduced accidents from machinery over 50 percent. It has made public drinking contemptible. It has written a billion dollars in life insurance. The purpose of prohibition was never intended to dictate personal habits but to curb an inhuman traffic. Liquor the arch-enemy of man has caused more human misery than all the wars of history. It controlled the parties, made the laws and governed the nation. The saloon never obeyed the law and finally the suffering womanhood of America trained and brought to maturity enough voters to overthrow it. The enforcement laws will remain in the state statutes and the blessings of prohibition will continue to be shed abroad throughout the land in my confident belief. George A. Paine. CHELSEA EVENING RECORD PUBLISHED 1890 CHELSEA MASS, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1930 PRICE TWO CENTS Officer Fahey Is Commended by Chief Finn IS PRAISED AT ALL ROLL CALLS Capture of Four Alleged Gunmen Singlehanded on Eastern Ave. Calls For Comment -- Has Had Plenty of Action Since Becoming Regular Man on the Force Patrolman John J. Fahey was commended by Chief Charles M. Finn at last night's roll call of the local police department for meritorious service performed early Saturday morning, when he arrested four alleged gunmen, who, the police claim, were about to stage a daring holdup in the Mill Hill section. Chief Finn said: "For meritorious service in the arrest of Luigi Camelia, Amedio Ramondi, Earl S. Brown and Arthur McPhee at 2:30 on the morning of Sept. 30 commendation is hereby awarded to Patrolman John J. Fahey. "These four young men were about to pull off a stickup and were fully equipped for the job. Alertness, courage, and coolness under the circumstances were truly exemplified in the conduct of the officer. "The prevention of crime is one of the fundamentals for which the police force is organized. I believe that the arrest of these men undoubtedly prevented a serious crime." Officer Fahey, who is receiving the congratulations of associates and others for his good work in capturing the quartet in an automobile on Eastern ave. Saturday, is one of the last group of appointees to the police department. He was named a regular patrolman nine months ago, after serving several years as a reserve officer. Previously he was employed as a milkman. He resides at 837 Broadway and is married, having several children. Although this is the first time that Officer Fahey has come in for official commendation, it is not the only instance in which he received credit for his clever police work. While patroling his beat on Broadway early in the morning of July 26 he saw a car in a yard bear Stockton st. He investigated and the occupants of the machine hastily drove away, leaving 25 gallons of liquor behind. On another occasion, about a year ago, Officer Fahey participated in a chase of reckless automobile driver from the North drawbridge to Revere, arresting the offender on the Revere Beach boulevard. WOODLAWN CAR LINE RATE CUT Fare Reduced f r o m Chelsea Sq. to County Rd. and Wash Ave. EFFECTIVE OCT. 1 New System of Checks to Be In Vogue -- Return Tickets to Be Used The public trustees of the Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway announced today that on and after Oct 1 there will be a 5 cent cash fare between Chelsea sq. and the junction of County rd. and Washington ave. On the local cars operating between these two points, passengers will merely drop the nickel in the box, but on the through cars between Scollay sq. and Woodlawn, in order to distinguish between 5c and 10 fares, the following system will be necessary: On Boston-bound trips, passengers boarding the car between County road and Chelsea sq. will, on the pay-as-you-enter plan deposit 10s in the fare box, but if they alight at or before they reach Chelsea sq. they will be given a return ticket, good in either direction between County road and Chelsea sq. without limitation [?] to time. On Woodlawn-bound trips on the pay-as-you-leave plan passengers will be given identification checks upon boarding between Chelsea sq. and County road, and upon paying fare will surrender the identification slip and deposit 5 cent cash far in box. All [?] Will the Wets Offer Remedy "America would like to know what practical substitute for prohibition the wets have to offer," declares Stanley High, editor of Christian Herald, who submits a list of questions to the leaders of the forces opposed to prohibition, as follows: 1. - What plan for the regulation and control of the liquor traffic do you propose as a substitute for the Eighteenth Amendment? 2. - How does this plan differ from that which was in operation prior to the adoption of the Eighteenth Amendment? 3. - How would such a plan remedy the evils you complain of under the Eighteenth Amendment or provide a safeguard against intemperance? 4. - Do you favor a return of the saloon? If not, how, under your plan, can its return be prevented? 5. - How would this plan operate to prevent a return of the public corruption which formerly was fostered by the regulated liquor traffic. 6. - If the Eighteenth Amendment were repealed would you be in favor of a nation-wide program of temperance education? 7. - Specifically, what kind of a program of temperance education would you favor? 8. - Do you believe that eh prohibition laws, until they can be modified or repealed, should be enforced? Do you believe that, until then, they should be observed? 9. - Do you believe that the consumption of alcohol in the United States has increased or decreased since the adoption of the Eighteenth Amendment? On what do you base your conclusion? 10. - Pending the repeal or the modification of the Eighteenth Amendment and its supporting legislation do you favor an educational program designed, in the immediate interests of temperance, to decrease the use of liquor? Condensed from the Rochester American. Women's State Temperance Convention In the afternoon of the 1st inst., after reports, Rev. W. H. Channing offered the following: Whereas, Women equally with men, are endowed by their Creator with an inalienable right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; and whereas, women, equally with men, are entitled to all the essential principles of this Republic, to be protected and guided by a government which derives its just powers from the consent of the governed; and whereas, by amendment I, of the Constitution of the United States, the people are forever and everywhere guaranteed the right of peacefully assembling to petition government for a redress of grievance; and whereas, women are, of the whole people, the chief sufferers from grievances caused by intemperance; therefore Resolved, That whenever and wherever the enactment of a law prohibitory of the traffic in intoxicating drinks is submitted to the suffrages of the people, it is the duty and right of women to meet in primary assemblies of women, to record their votes in favor of such legislation and governmental action, as will best protect their sisters, brothers, husbands, sons and fathers from the intolerable grievances of drunkenness. Mrs. Nichols said the propriety of woman's voting is a mooted question. We are told that men represent us, and that is all we ask. It is apparent that if the drunkard's wife is represented, it is to the Poor house; if his children are represented, it is to poverty and crime. Men have done the best they can for us, and that best, is so miserable it is time to inquire if something else can not be done. Mrs. N. stated her plan, which is that woman should meet in the primary assembly, and that her vote should be sent up to the Legislature in the same way that the returns are sent up from the separate times. Miss Lucy Stone, of Boston, took the platform in support of the resolution. She thought that the Temperance question would back men, that they could co-operate with women in all that relates to their common interests. A greater temperance sentiment has been produced by the agency of this society. Women in this cause co-operating with men, are adding ten fold to the power of the cause. Miss Stone at this point gave way to the report of the Committee on Revision of the Constitution. The Report was made by Miss Anthony. A minority Report was offered by Mr. John W. Stebbins. the two reports agreed except in the following parts. The first suggested changing the society's name to "People's New York State Temperance League," and struck out the clause prohibiting men from holding office. A rambling discussion arose in regard to the rights of persons not members of the society, to debate changes in the Organic Law of the Society, and several short speeches were made. Miss Clark thought that it was not parliamentary to admit such persons. - The President said she knew nothing about parliamentary law, and preferred to apply the rules of common sense. It was finally decided to admit all, and Miss Antoinette L. Brown had the floor. She said that one principle in the organic law of the society, prevented her from being a member. It was the prohibition of men from holding office. She objected to dragging in subjects foreign to the legitimate plans of the society. This society as a society, protested against the action of the meeting to prepare for a World's Temperance Convention. It protested because women were excluded from that Convention. Yet this society prohibit men from acting as officers here. Is it right? Is it consistent? We cannot do without the aid and countenance of the men. They can work in their own organization, and in this society they will leave the active duties to be performed by women. Miss Clark, thought that the cause of the success of this Society, was owing to the fact that it was a Woman's Temperance Society. An earnest debate was held which lasted till adjournment. In the evening a letter was read from Neal Dow when the President announced the following resolution from the Business Committee, and that Rev. Antoinette L. Brown would speak to it. Resolved, That Woman as an intelligent and responsible being, equally with man endowed by her Creator with capacities and energies, for the good use of which she is equally with man answerable to society and to God, has an equal right with man to co-operate, publicly or privately, in every movement which seeks the elevation, refinement, purity, and peace progress of humanity; and that as Daughter, Sister, Wife, or Mother, Woman has no right to appear to be indifferent to the Temperance Reform. Rev. Miss Brown addressed the meeting. She treated her hearers to a poetical and beautiful eulogium on water, pure water, which she said was "the poor man's friend, the type of democracy, one jet of which in a tube will balance the whole great ocean." The President announced "Lucy Stone of Massachusetts." Miss Stone proceeded to speak historically of the Temperance cause. One step led to another till women at length joined in the effort. She would propose still a new bar in the way of the drunkard's progress. The measure she proposed was not offered as from this Society. It is embodied in a resolution for which she as a friend of Temperance was responsible. Resolved, That it is cruel and unnatural that any law should compel a man or woman to live as the husband or wife of a confirmed drunkard. Common justice, and a true idea of those holy ties of which human law takes no cognizance, demand not only a legal separation for habitual drunkenness, but the right of divorce for those who ask it. Miss Stone supported her resolution with much eloquent appeal and earnest argument. She drew a vivid picture of female degradation under the influence of intemperance, as exemplified in the wretched woman in the tombs at New York, and asked what man would be bound in Matrimony with such as these. And why should that most abject of beings - a drunkard's wife, be tied through life to a brute. No drunkard has a right to have offspring. No woman has a right to give birth to a drunkard's child. No one should charge her with impurity because she stood there and said those things. It was because she loved purity - the purity of the human soul - she did so. He is looked upon as a monster who entices his child to be a drunkard. But is not the man equally a monster who makes his child a drunkard before its birth? Divorce in the cases referred is not a right merely, but a solemn duty. A question may arise, may not the man or woman who was once a drunkard but who shall reform, marry again. I say never! never!! The constitution is ruined, tainted - let no such man or woman ever marry. Let the man so accused shun a relation where he may leave to another the curse from which he may be feed. While God holds the man in punishment for his wrong doing we may do so too. We need not be tenderer than the Infinite. Yet if all the Bibles in the world were brought to me, and it were shown that they prohibited divorce except for adultery, I would lay them reverently aside, and placing my hand upon my heart, would say that my own soul was still more sacred than all books and parchments whatsoever. (Cheers.) Mrs. Nichols, of Vermont, was next presented. She said she had been requested to speak of Divorce. She was opposed to making drunkenness a cause for divorce, because she could see that intemperance would ere long be legislated out of the land. She had appealed to the wives of drunkards. They have invariably replied, "No, No. We only ask the control of our children and our property, and we will wait till the Maine Law shall give us back our husbands as they are when sober - "the best of husbands and the best of men." (Applause.) The wives of drunkards are not asking a wholesale bill of divorce. They ask security in the possession of their earnings and their children. Mrs. N. was too much wearied and exhausted to proceed. Adjourned. Second Day. Things appeared rather squally. It looked like a division of the society. Mrs. E. O. Stanton, in Bloomer apparel took the Chair. After prayer, business commenced, The adoption of reports was mooted and wrangled over. The President said, it seems that all you men who have studied parliamentary law, disagree in regard to it, and I, who knows nothing of such law, must fall back noon common sense. John W. Stebbins took the floor, and advocated the minority report - This society had its origin in the fact that women had previously enjoyed no opportunity to show her efficiency in this cause. There was a demand for a channel through which the ladies could go out and act. The question turned upon the point whether men should have equal right with women in the society, but we don't ask equal rights when we do, you can grant the favor. Voice - I hope the speaker speaks for himself. He don't for me. Mr. Stebbins - I speak for myself and for many here. There is not a Temperance Society in the State where women cannot vote. Mr. Fish - Can they in the State Society? Mr. S. - Ye sir. If the women should go there in numbers sufficient, they could elect a woman President. The woman vote in the Carson League, in the Temperance orders, and at the Primary Temperance Society throughout the State. The delegates were expelled at Syracuse, because it was known that they had speeches already prepared on the woman's rights question. It is asserted that women have risen with a mill stone around their necks. The whole course of legislation is to protect women. (Hear, Hear.) The President requested Mr. Frederic Douglass to state the question so that she could understand it. Under the extension, Mr. Barnes got the floor - after a while he was called to order, in order that the majority might have a chance, and from 10 to 12 speakers, on the stage and off the stage, men and women were on the floor at once. It was entirely impossible to follow the multitude of diverse suggestions. Mr. Douglass finally gave a brief epitome of the debate thus far, and that the minority thus far had all the talk to themselves. Douglass was interrupted by a call at once. Miss Anthony said the whole thing showed that the men were trying to drive the women from their own society, and they showed him they would conduct things when they did get the control. Mrs. Bloomer said this was just what Miss Anthony's report would lead to. Mr. Cuyler had the floor, and came out, in favor of the great and eternal principles - women should be shorn of their moral power, if they voted down this majority report. - Deep down in the popular heart, was the belief that men and women were equal, and that they could and ought to act together. Several amendments to the constitution of the society were then adopted. Afternoon Session. Meeting called to order by Mrs. Albro, Vice President. A letter was read from A. Holly. A motion was made to proceed to an election of President. A point of order was raised whether a man's hat could be used legitimately as a ballot box. Somebody suggested the hat of a Bloomer for that purpose. While the balloting was in progress, the President came in a resumed the chair. - Miss Anthony hoped the voting would be expedited. Many from the country had already gone home without having head a word on the subject of Temperance. The ballot for President was announced as follows: Mrs. Vaughn 30; Mrs. Stanton 27; Mrs. Gerrit Smith 1; Miss Anthony 1. Miss Susan B. Anthony was elected Recording Secretary. Miss A., in a brief speech, said she must decline the office, because the vote of the Society showed that the Society would not adopt Woman's Rights as a principle. She went for Women's Rights, and she therefore could not act as an officer of such a society. Again, the woman just published as President declared yesterday that principle most yield sometimes to expediency. She (Miss A.) never would consent thus to sacrifice the right. Her motto was, "do right and leave the consequences with God." Mr. Douglass and Miss Brown both spoke to the same effect, urging Miss Anthony to continue as Secretary, and declaring that this question of Woman's Rights was not passed upon, but merely postponed. Mr. Bloomer began to speak, but was interrupted by Miss. Anthony, who requested the gentleman not to waste words, and said, "My soul is no longer in this movement, and what is the use of my body being here." Mrs. Douglass then moved the thanks of this Society be given to Miss Anthony for her energetic and faithful efforts as Secretary for the past year. Mrs. Bloomer had 26 votes for Corresponding Secretary. Mrs. Albro received 39 votes for Recording Secretary. One of the ballots was written on a five dollar bill. Miss E. E. Marsh was elected Treasurer. A ballot was had for Executive Committee when the following were chosen: - Mrs. D. O. Alling, Miss Angelia Fish, Victor, Mrs. H. W. Williams, Buffalo, Mrs. C. W. Robie, Buffalo, Mrs. Christie, Horseheads, Miss Mary S. Rich, New York, Miss Emily Clark, Le Roy. The following Vice Presidents were chosen: Mrs. L. N. Fowler, New York, Mrs. Goff, Weedsport, Mrs. Lunt, Seneca Falls, Mrs. Cornell, Rochester, Mrs. Holbrook, Elmira, Mrs. Corey, Utica. Mrs. E. C. Vaughn, of Oswego, the new President, took the Chair. A special vote of thanks was given to Mrs. Stanton, the late President of the Society. Miss Emily Clark read the resolutions were four in number, and related mainly to the Maine Law and political action. Miss Stone then read a series of resolutions embracing strictures upon the action of the Convention in May, at the Brick Church in New York. The Resolutions were adopted, and the meeting adjourned. The Evening Session was addressed by Mrs. Nichols and by Mrs. Bloomer. THE ALICE STONE BLACKWELL FUND COMMITTEE 21 Ashmont Street, Melrose 76, Massachusetts Trustees Mrs. ADA COMSTOCK NOTESTEIN Mrs. MAUD WOOD PARK Mrs. EDNA LAMPREY STANTIAL THE ALICE STONE BLACKWELL FUND COMMITTEE 21 Ashmont Street, Melrose 76, Massachusetts Trustees Mrs. ADA COMSTOCK NOTESTEIN Mrs. MAUD WOOD PARK Mrs. EDNA LAMPREY STANTIAL ANTI-SUFFRAGE CONGRATULATION "WELL, BOYS, WE SAVED THE HOME." Reproduced by permission of N. Y. World. NATIONAL WOMAN SUFFRAGE PUBLISHING CO., Inc. MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK SAMPLE NOT TO BE SOLD THIS IS A REVISED ISSUE. Woman Suffrage most Bitterly Opposed in Every Way to the Liquor Traffic and all Forms of Liquor Licenses. Most Important to Brewers, Distillers, Hotel Proprietors, Wholesale and Retail Dealers, Saloon Owners, and all, who in any way handle Liquor for sale. "Time and tide wait for no man." Boston, Mass., March 15, 1915. My Dear Sir (or Sirs): - I earnestly hope that you have read the printed and typewritten matter concerning license and the referendum which the people (voters) are to act upon later in the season. I mailed it to you at seral periods during the past weeks. It is, as I view it, of the greatest possible importance to every person in the traffic. Therefore, I most earnestly draw your very careful attention again to the absolute necessity of beginning most aggressive and practical and applied work now to combat nation and state-wide prohibition, and no-license. I believe thoroughly in the "begin now" plan of operation. "Procrastination is the thief of time." Woman suffrage, as we all know, achieved unprecedented success with our State Legislature a few weeks ago. The coming referendum leaves a way open for us to succeed for license. All must work in perfect harmony if we want success. We must cast aside and frown upon dishonorable politics and the low class of politicians, and cling steadfastly to those of the higher and better class of them. Business jealousy must also be frowned upon. The traffic, to succeed, must recognize and endorse the moral side of our issue, for it has a moral side, no question at all about that, and at the same time present to the people at large the further fact that there is also a social side in the matter of drink. When the better element of the liquor traffic will come out in the open, as do our opponents and when it will hold mammoth public meetings for ladies and gentlemen, and furnish the best class of vocal and instrumental music, as also do our opponents, and the dealers make public addresses themselves, and show to the world that those engaged in the several branches of the traffic have no horns, not cloven feet, and that they do not endorse or affiliate with law-breakers in the business, it will set the people to thinking, and will win, surely so, public sentiment to their side. It will also win the public press in their favor. And further, it must be remembered that public sentiment and the favor of the public press for any issue, is far stronger and more powerful in every way than any legislation that can be conceived of, breaking dealer to obey the law to the letter or get out of the business. The better class and law-abiding dealers will sell as much of their goods with the law-breakers out of the business. Moreover, to eliminate them surely means the elevation of the liquor traffic. We can and must have license by all honorable means. We should always keep before us the fact that "HARMONY IN ACTION ALL ALONG THE LINE IS IMPERATIVE TO VICTORY" AND THAT "A HOUSE DIVIDED AGAINST ITSELF CANNOT STAND." Lastly, we must and do know if woman suffrage should by any possibility be confirmed at the referendum, that it will mean entire state prohibition. No one in the state can then secure a license because the women will, in the majority, vote against it. License can win out if the entire traffic works as above urged and suggested. From the greatest brewer, all along the line, down to the most humble person in the traffic - including bartenders and all trades and all lines of business allied in any way whatever with the liquor and license interests - have a common cause for which every one should work in perfect harmony. Each one should work for all and all for each. Hold on to individuality as organizations, but hold together an unbroken phalanx for success, and success will then surely come. Begin work now. "Delays are dangerous." I am perfectly willing, and ever ready to assist in every way in any place whatever to make such meetings a success without any stated pay for myself. My experience of over thirty consecutive years, the best years of my life, as lecturer, writer and worker on non- political, non-sectarian and non-abusive temperance lines, with my previous life as hotel and saloon owner and great sufferer from personal gross excess in the use of strong drink, has given me an extra great unusual knowledge of the working of all sides of the several contending issues on those lines. Yours most hopefully and sincerely, (Signed) THOS. N. DOUTNEY, Home Address - Post Office, General Delivery, Boston Mass. The above letter sent recently to the liquor trade. We reproduce in the interest of truth, without regard to other issues. Underlines are ours. Thomas N. Doutney has appeared for many years in New England cities and towns as a temperance reformer. Robert H. Magwood, Sup't. Department of Citizenship Massachusetts Christian Endeavor Union. March 19, 1915. Alcohol This Fact Underl $2.50 Per 100. 5c a Piece. hol= Not a Li It Lower[s] This Fact Underlies the Modern, Scientifc Movement Against Alcohol. ot a Life-Giver t Lowers Vitality ement Against Alcohol. Alcohol Education, 11 Mason St., Cambridge, mass. Even Moderate Drinkin Lessens Efficiency TESTS WITH TYPE-SETTERS When they took the equivalent of about a Qu of 4% Beer-- They averaged a loss in working capacity of abou Paid Piece Work--this means Every $1.00 Earned Reduced to 91 Cen Aschaffenberg's Tests with Moderate Drinkers: Popular Exposition Alcohol. H. S. Williams, McClures. $2.00 per 100. 5c a piece. Poster Committee, 11 Mason St. , Cambridge, inking ncy ERS bout a Quart ty of about 9% ans 91 Cents Poster Committee, 11 Mason St., Cambridge, Mass. Because Even Moderat Lessens Efficie The German Emperor asked His ALL ALCOH For Speech see Anti-Alcohol Movement in Europe. F. Revell, N. Y., p. 325. Because Alcohol Opens the D THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON T 1905, RESOLVED TO COMBINE THE TUBERCULOSIS WITH THE S AGAINST ALCOHOLISM See Statement Before Congress Irving Fisher, New Haven, Conn. Pamphlet 3 cents. Because Even Moderate Drinking Lessens Efficiency e German Emperor asked His Navy to give up ALL ALCOHOL For Speech see Alcohol Movement in Europe. F. Revell, N. Y., p. 325 Alcohol Education, 11 Mason St., Cambridge, Mass. $2.00 per 100. 2 for 5c. Because Alcohol Opens the Door to Disease E INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON TUBERCULOSIS, PARIS, 1905 RESOLVED TO COMBINE THE FIGHT AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS WITH THE STRUGGLE AGAINST ALCOHOLISM Statement Before Congress Irving Fisher, New Haven, Conn. 3 cents. Alcohol Education, 11 Mason St., Cambridge, Mass. $2.00 per 100. 2 for 5c. Because 'Safety Means No Alc The Carnegie Steel Work after try to reduce ac PROMOTING ONLY ABSTAINERS This Poster comes 42 x 29 in., $2.50 for 100 5 cents a piece. Size above $2.00 for 100. fety First' Alcohol! Works will be here- ce accidents by ONLY TOTAL NERS. Alcohol Education, 11 Mason St., Cambridge, Mass. BECA "Moderate a Ball Pla as Boozing Connie Mack "I don't bot sters that McClure's, May 1914. Prices:--Paper, $2.00 for 100. Linen, $3.00 for 100 5 cents a piece. Post on trees in Ball Fields, 42 x 29 in.--$2.50 for 100 (paper.) BECAUSE - "'Moderate' Drinking gets a Ball Player just as sure as Boozing." Connie Mack Says: "I don't bother with Youngsters that Drink." McClure's, May 1914. Prices:--Paper, $2.00 for 100. Linen, $3.00 for 100 5 cents a piece. Post on trees in Ball Fields, 42 x 29 in.--$2.50 for 100 (paper.) BECAUSE- Men Must Meet. WE NEED Municipal Coffee Houses in Place of the Saloon. Over 50,000 Homeless men in New York, - Ministered to by the Saloon. See Report of Wm. Farley, Com. of Excise, New York, also Report of Com. of Fifty. This Sheet Uncut, Costs 10 Cents. $8.00 for 100. - Exhibit it in Your Town. U. S. A. Liquor Bi $1,630,187, Enough to Run a Billion Dollar All But Build TWO Panam *American Grocer, June 30, 1913. $2.00 for 100. 5 cents a piece. Liquor Bill 1912 80,187,252 un a Billion Dollar Congress and Build TWO Panama Canals. Alcohol Education, 11 Mason St., Cambridge, Mass. Transcribed and reviewed by contributors participating in the By The People project at crowd.loc.gov.