NAWSA SUBJECT FILE Townsend, Jessie C. MAP SHOWING BALTIMORE IN ITS RELATION TO THE PANAMA CANAL COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN BALTIMORE, MD., U.S.A., AND MEXICO, WEST INDIES, CENTRAL AMERICA AND SOUTH AMERICA. The expansion of the port of Baltimore during recent years as an export and import gateway on the Atlantic Coast of the United States has in no small measure been influenced by the increased commercial and industrial intercourse now subsisting between the United States and the Latin American countries. The completion of the Panama Canal has been a vital element in the development of this traffic. At present there are six steamship lines operating between Baltimore and the west coast of the United States via the Canal with over ten ships sailing each way per month and making ports of call en route in the West Indies, Mexico and Central America. Connections are also made by these vessels at the Pacific Ocean terminus of the Canal with steamers plying to and from all ports on the West Coast of South America. There are likewise several regular liner steamship services transporting cargoes of general merchandise between Baltimore and the principal West Indian ports. In addition to these general cargo carriers there are a number of steamship lines specializing in the movement of fruit, oil, ore, fertilizers, coffee, sugar, etc. between Baltimore and the West Indies, Central and South America. Its geographic proximity to the Panama Canal, warrants Baltimore in confidently anticipating an enlarged volume of business with the West Coast of South America as commerce between the United States and this section of the Western Hemisphere develops. Baltimore's magnificent natural harbor, being acknowledged as one of the seven greatest in the world, equipped with splendid railroad connections ramifying to all parts of the North American continent, and excellent wharf, dock and shipbuilding facilities, together with its proximity to the industrial sections of the Middle West, makes it an attractive gateway to both producers and steamship operators. RELACIONES COMERCIALES E INDUSTRIALES ENTRE BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, EE. UU. Y MEJICO, LAS ANTILLAS, CENTRO Y SUD AMERICA El desarollo de Baltimore como puerto de Exportacioń e Importacioń en la costa del Atlántico de los EE. UU. durante los años recientes se atribuye en gran parte, al aumento de relaciones Comerciales e Industriales que ha tenido, y que actualmente existen TABLE OF DISTANCES in Nautical and Statute Miles between Baltimore and ports of the Far East and on the West Coast of North and South America, via Panama Canal. TABLA DE DISTANCIAS Distancia entire Baltimore y los puertos del lejanos Oriente, la costa del Oeste del la América del Norte y la del Sur via el Canal de Panamá, en Millas geográficas terrestre y ´nauticas States and this section of the Western develops. Baltimore's magnificent natural harbor, being acknowledged as one of the seven greatest in the world, equipped with splendid railroad connections ramifying to all parts of the North American continent, and excellent wharf, dock and shipbuilding facilities, together with its proximity to the industrial sections of the Middle West, makes it an attractive gateway to both producers and steamship operators. RELACIONES COMERCIALES E INDUSTRIALES ENTRE BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, EE. UU. Y MEJICO, LAS ANTILLAS, CENTRO Y SUD AMERICA. El desarollo de Baltimore como puerto de Eportacion e Importacion en la costa del Atlantico de los EE. UU. durante los anos recientes se atribuye en gran parte, al aumento de relaciones Comerciales e Industriales que ha tenido, y que actualmente existen con los paises de la America latina. La apertura del Canal de Panama, ha sido un elemento vital en el disarollo de este comercio. Hay actualmente seis lineas de vapores entre Baltimore y los puertos de los EE. UU. en el Pacifico, via el Canal de Panama, con mas de diez salidas por mes, de cada termino, los cuales hacen escala en los puertos intemediarios de las Antillas, Mejico, y la America Central. Estos vapores se combinan tambien con los vapores del Pacifico; en el termino del Pacifico del Canal; los cuales hacen escala en todos los puertos de la costa occidental de la America del Sur. Hay, ademas. varoa; ;omeas regulares de bapores que transportan carga entire Baltimoe y los puertos principales de las Antillas. Ademas de estos vapores de carga, existen varios que se dedican especialmente al transporte de Frutas, Aceite, Minerales, Abonos, Cafe, Azucar, etc., entre Baltimore y la America del Sur y Central. Debido a su proximidad al Canal de Panama, se garantiza que Baltimore aumentara considerablemente el comercio con la costa del Pacifico de la America del Sur, conforme esta zona del Hemisferio Occidental se va desarollando El magnifico puerto de Baltimore, reconocido entre los siete mayores del mundo, ofrece la ventaja de numerosas vias ferreas, facilitando la comunicacion con todos los puntos principales del Continente de la America del Norte: excelentes Muelles, Digues, y Astilleros, ademas de su proximidad a los centros Industriales del interior, haciendo de el un magnifico puerto de entrada, tanto para Productores como para las lineas de Vapores. 1st impression - a sea of well groomed heads - not professional hairdressing but cleanliness - western-beauty Spanish American students greeting-roses delegates limited to 3 minutes speech + not twice until lead us back to fundamental principle cause - to remove to make better conditions at the source not concerned with reforming conditions as they are best method Grammer school [?][?] write for mal[???] - citizenship teaching essentials of citizenship - [?ship] [?] not so much about candidates (Mr Eduardo) Yale + Trinity methods of teaching citizenship Traveled with home demonstration agent aim - at least one strong league in every cong district one in each country eventually according to Protocol - Mrs Parks speech conviction of ignorance essential Merely learning the wisdom of men will only [?] their viewpoint which is not the only one needed adjustment between the two viewpoints women have to find their own feet before care give their special contribution Belief in gov. by people + for people - 1-2-3-4-5-6 3rd to obey the law even when I am not in sympathy + to regard my citizenship as a public trust What's everybody's is nobody's business but selfseekers Propose to go out into U.S. find 2000 persons to give $100. each Those 2000 divided among the states according in listed income tax not legally responsible for Am't assigned to each state is a goal to be reached Am't to be divided with the national 50-50 you supply volunteer workers to go out & do soliciting Nat. will supply each state organizer for two weeks free of charge also Nat speakers literature & let us pay our maximum dues out of Nat. share Forget quota on other year Each state has to pay its maximum dues, $50 for every represen? By means of this campaign each state pays its dues out of the Nat's share Encouraged to raise this [?] units of $100 Get from new people if possible to pay immediately if possible Mrs. John D Rockefeller $5000 [*Mrs Jessie. E Townsend Armistead Bridge Court B1 Norfolk Virginia*] EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON THE CAUSE AND CURE OF WAR WAR and WASTE "There is no evil greater than war, and the one honorable fight of our times is the struggle to relegate this to the place of last resort." - DAVID STARR JORDAN. HALL OF NATIONS HOTEL WASHINGTON WASHINGTON, D. C. Tuesday, January 17, to Friday, January 20, inclusive, 1933 "I confess without shame that I am tired and sick of war. Its glory is all moonshine. Even success, the most brilliant, is over dead and mangled bodies, the anguish and lamentations of distant families appealing to me for missing sons, husbands, and fathers. It is only those who have not heard a shot, nor the shrieks and groans of the wounded, friend or foe, who cry aloud for more blood, more vengeance, more desolation." -GENERAL WILLIAM T. SHERMAN, 1865. NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON THE CAUSE AND CURE OF WAR Headquarters 1116 Grand Central Terminal Building New York City Eighth National Conference on the CAUSE AND CURE OF WAR January 17 to 20, inclusive, 1933 called by ELEVEN NATIONAL WOMEN'S ORGANIZATIONS 600 delegates AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY WOMEN COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS FEDERATION OF WOMAN'S BOARDS OF FOREIGN MISSIONS OF NORTH AMERICA GENERAL FEDERATION OF WOMEN'S CLUBS NATIONAL BOARD OF THE YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN NATIONAL FEDERATION OF BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL WOMEN'S CLUBS NATIONAL LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS NATIONAL WOMAN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION NATIONAL WOMEN'S CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN ETHICAL UNION NATIONAL WOMEN'S TRADE UNION LEAGUE All sessions in the Hall of Nations, Hotel Washington [*Mrs Catt said that this long + careful study the C+C [?] came to the conclusion there is only one Cause + that is The War System Our Peace Department- Secretary of State Read Resolution no 6 War + Waste Colgate Darden*] [*disarmament conference*] [*Foreign Policy Association*] [*ask Mrs [?]*] [*(2) Peace department] [*65 today 2800000000 25 9*] [*institute [?] international education*] [* (2) Read a stronger state department*] [* Political Science Vanderbilt Univ.*] [* (3) Shows pamphlets + instructions 300 bet. [?] + Jan. Hope several here.*] [*twice as much*] [*WAR AND WASTE] [*4] [*Read before Zangwill] DO YOU KNOW that the variety of items necessary to be purchased or manufactured by the United States for military use in the Great War was about seven hundred thousand? "The vitally essential list" included four thousand articles. The producers of these items or articles made profits; some, enormous profits. It is reasonable to suppose that among these profiteers some APPROVE, with all the influence they can muster, the most extravagant war preparedness, and OPPOSE any movement to decrease the chances of war. [*End with Israel Zangwill 1912 The War God] [*a dramatic moment] Thursday, January 19th MORNING Chairman: Ruth Morgan 9:30-10:00 Business Invocation: Mrs. Charles K. Roys 10:00-11:15 SEMINAR: PEACE IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE Chairman: Stephen P. Duggan (Participants as on Wednesday) 11:15-12:15 ADDRESS: WAR PROVOKING INFLUENCES OF THE MANUFACTURE OF ARMAMENT [*The secret international In France no informed person doubts that armament firms have a direct -influence on Foreign policy.] The armament interests Ralph H. Stimson [*Arms embargo in Senate Senator Bingham Conn. Senator Burton Wheeler Montana Filibuster threatened] AFTERNOON Chairman: Ruth Morgan 2:00-3:00 ADDRESS: WAR PROVOKING INFLUENCES ON THE MANUFACTURE OF ARMAMENT The War System Ralph H. Stimson [Jeanette Rankin to House Foreign Office] 3:00-3:05 Recess 3:05 4:00 ADDRESS: WHAT ISSUES SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AT THE COMING ECONOMIC CONFERENCE? Lewis L. Lorwin 4:00-4:15 Questions EVENING Chairman: Ruth Morgan 8:15 ROUND TABLE: WAR DEBTS [*next page] Chairman: Jacob Viner [*University of Chicago] Participants: Jacob H. Hollander Stephen P. Duggan Mrs. Beatrice Pitney Lamb William C. Johnstone William T. Stone Dr. Susan B. Lough [*Mrs. Catts calls upon the omer people to demand the balancing of the national budget by the reduction of war costs.] DO YOU KNOW that many military men declare that the "next war" will be fought in the air? The nation possesses the largest number of military airplanes and with the highest horsepower in France. The United States comes next with 1,752 planes and 1,028, 745 horse-power. France is afraid of Germany and England. Other nations are afraid of us because of the strength of our air forces. Of whom or what are we afraid? [*a campaign for peace education is necessary] [*WAR AND WASTE] [*Read first] When the Great War began, $27,000,000 of old war debts stood upon the books of Europe. [In all the banks and vaults there were only seven or eight billion dollars of actual coin or bullion.] The total coin money and bullion in circulation in the whole world was about eleven billion dollars. [("War and Waste," David Starr Jordan.)] Yet the nations plunged pell-mell into the war, borrowing all they could, printing paper money, and not stopping to count the cost. In the end, the intergovernmental debts were so complicated and burdensome that a universal panic followed. What senseless waste! Friday, January 20th MORNING Chairman: Ruth Morgan [*62 nations] 9:30-10:00 Business Invocation: Mrs. E H. Silverthorn 10:00-11:15 SEMINAR: PEACE IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE Present pacts of peace[*Kellogg Peace Pacts, 9 Power Pact, Covenant of Resolutions] and what can be done to strengthen them Chairman: Stephen P. Duggan (Participants as on Wednesday) [*Leticia controversy between Peru and Columbia private firms supplying armaments Stimson im[????] the peace pacts] 11:15-11:20 Recess [*S[???]-Japanese situation] 11:20-12:20 ADDRESS: THE SITUATION IN ASIA. Does it help or hinder the coming of permanent peace? Nathaniel Peffer [*Gugenheim Fellow in [???] [?????] in the Far East.] [*Canadian border of Peace 1917 100 fortifications 100 ships destroyed] AFTERNOON Chairman: Ruth Morgan [*[????]] 2:00-3:00 ADDRESS: RUSSIA PLANS A NEW ORDER Mrs. Vera Micheles Dean [*a dramatic moment] 3:00-4:00 [*Read] REPORT OF WOMEN'S JURY by the Foreman [*1+2 report of resolutions and passage by the senate of [???]3] Josephine Schain 4:00-4:15 How to Organize a City for Peace Mrs. Frank Miles Day, Philadelphia Mrs. M. F. Bixler, Cleveland Mrs. James Rae Arneill, Denver [*Senator Bingham of Conn. the home of Colt and Remington arms manufacturers and Senator Burton K. Wheeler of Montana home of the Anaconda Copper Co.] EVENING Chairman: Ruth Morgan 8:15 ADDRESS: THE WORLD AROUND [*encouraged me] Mrs. Israel Zangwill [*Read clipping last page] ADDRESS: THE CHANCES FOR PEACE IN THE WORLD TODAY William Allan Neilson [*Pres. Smith College] CLOSING WORDS Carrie Chapman Catt DO YOU KNOW that the total mobilized forces in the Great War were 65,038,810; the total wounded, 21,219,452; prisoners and missing 7,750,919; total casualties, 37,494,186 or 57.6% of those mobilized? ("World Almanac," quoted from a compilation of War Department, corrected June 30, 1928.) [*Read 2nd] DO YOU KNOW that every man killed in the Great War cost the living $17,800? [*Cap't Riddle *] COST OF WAR AND THE NATIONAL DEFICIT In 1934, wars, past and future, will cost us $6,214,424 a day. "The federal tax burden of one generation is largely determined by the military activities of the preceding one." - Former Secretary of the Treasury Andrew W. Mellon "We keep fear alive; we pile taxes on taxes and the money that should to make life easier for every man, woman, and child goes into potontial instruments for the destruction of life." - Under-Secretary of State William A. Castle, Advertising Club, Boston. "The heavy cost of maintaining armies and constructing armaments is transferred by governments to the shoulders of individual taxpayers, thereby diminishing purchasing power and curtailing the development of trade and industry." - Charles Merz, N.Y.Times Complied by Eleanor Pinkham Education Department National Council for Prevention of War 532-17th St., Washington, D. C. COST OF WAR AND THE NATIONAL DEFICIT YEAR *TOTAL WAR COSTS PERCENTAGE OF GOVERNMENT PERCENTAGE OF INOCME APPROPRIATIONS 1932 (expenditures) $2,770,617,555 130.6 55.5 1933 (appropriations) 2,644,770,053 100.7 63.7 1934 (estimate of #) 2,639,199,882 89.4 69.9 YEAR NATIONAL DEFENSE PERENTAGE OF GOVERNMENT PERCENTAGE OF INCOME APPROPRIATIONS 1932 (expenditures) $699,081,812 32.9 14.0 1933 (appropriations) 632,466,332 24.1 15.2 1934(estimaate of #) 586,447,142 19.8 15.5 1934 ESTIMATED TOTAL WAR EXPENDITURES EXCEED ESTIMATED INCOME Estimated Receipts (exclusive of Postal Revenue) $2,949,162,713 Income Tax Other Internal Rev. Customs, Debt Pay't. Misc. Deficit $1,010,000,000 $9981,000,000 $958,000,000 $1,025,631,0 Estimated Expenditures $3,974,794,200 Public Debt Charges Veterans Navy, War (Mil,) War(Non-Mil) All Others $1,259,070,000 $1,105,008,000 $616,182,000 $994,504,000 Total War Expenditures SHALL WE RAISE TAXES OR LOWER WAR COSTS? In 1932 an amount equal to nearly one-third again as much as the actual national income was spent on wars, past and future. This deficit will have to be mot by the taxpayers during future years. Income for 1933 will be far below the estimate, and war costs again greatly exceed income. All figures are based on the United States Budget for 1934. The fiscal year ends June 30th. The Budget, submitted to Congress by the President in December of the preceeding year gives estimates of appropriations required. Actual appropriations are determined by Congress. Expenditures may differ from appropriations, due to sums carried over from preceding years. *Total war costs include national defense, debt and veteran costs. The debt is due in its present proportions to the World War. It rose from 1 billion in 1917 to 25 billion in 1919. Between 1919 and 1933 it steadily declined. The deficit and emergency relief increased the public debt charges by 126 million in 1933, amd bu 122 million in 1934. To exclude this increase from total war costs 1932 figures are used in this table. If, considering the depression itself as a result of war conditions, the entire expenses of the public debt are included, the figures are as follows: YEAR TOTAL WAR COSTS PRECENTAGE OF APPROPRIATIONS PRECENTAGE OF INCOME 1933 $2,770,890,490 66.80 105.5 1934 2,887,587,640 76.48 97.9 HOW THE WAR AND NAVY DEPARTMENTS SPEND THEIR MONEY Estimate of Appropriations Regular Army 138,133 officers, regulars and $147,349,924 Phillippine Scouts National Guard 185,750 27,350,033 Organized Reserves 16,722 5,822,159 R.O.T.C. 127,565 3,920,909 C.M.T.C. 30,200 1,000,000 Navy 79,700 enlisted 145,062,077 Naval R.O.T.C. 90,085 * Marines 13,600 20,146,145 Ordnance Dept., Army Dept. 10,386,431 Ordnance Bureau, Navy Dept. 9,748,250 Chemical Warfare Service -War Dept. 1,169,601 VETERAN COSTS OVER ONE-QUARTER TOTAL APPROPRIATIONS Estimates of Appropriations by Organization Units - 1934 Legislative Establishment $21,088,928 .56% Executive Office 378,498 .01 Veterans Administration 1,060,976,834 28.10 Other Independent Establishments 46,683,722 1.24 Department of Agriculture 118,814,909 3.15 Department of Commerce 37,934,323 1.00 Interior Department 58,190,929 1.54 Dept. of Justice, including Judicial 45,082,487 1.19 Department of Labor 13,393,345 .35 Navy Department 309,647,536 8.20 Post Office Dept., Deficiency 97,000,000 2.57 State Department 13,008,627 .34 Treasury Department Propor 289,861,557 7.68 Public Dept Retirement 534,070,321 14.15 Interest on Public Debt 725,000,000 19.20 War Dept., including Panama Canal 365,009,585 9.67 District of Columbia 39,743,270 1.05 Total Estimates of Appropriations $3,775,884,871 100.00% NATIONAL DEFENSE EXPENDITURE OF SEVEN GREAT POWERS 1913 1930 Percentage Increase Great Britain $375,100,000 $535,000,000 42 France 348,700,000 455,300,000 30 Italy 179,100,000 258,900,000 44 Japan 95,500,000 232,100,000 142 Russia 447,700,000 579,400,000 30 United States 244,600,000 727,700,000 197 * Figures for 1933 In the 1934 Budget this item is included in "Training, Education, and Welfare, Navy." Compiled by Eleanor Pinkham for the Education Department, National Council for Prevention of War, 532-17th St., Washington, D.C. Who's Who on the Program BLIVEN, BRUCE, Editor, The New Republic DEAN, MRS. VERA MICHELES, Staff of Foreign Policy Association. DUGGAN, STEPHEN P., Director, Institute of International Education. FLEMING, DENNA FRANK, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Vanderbilt University. HIGH, STANLEY, Editor, Christian Herald. HOLLANDER, JACOB H., Professor of Political Economy, Johns Hopkins University. JOHNSTONE, WILLIAM CRANE, JR., School of Government, George Washington University. LIBBY, FREDERICK J., Executive Secretary, National Council for the Prevention of War. LORWIN, LEWIS L., Institute of Economics of the Brookings Institution. McDONALD, JAMES. G., Chairman, Foreign Policy Association. NEILSON, WILLIAM ALLAN, President, Smith College. PEFFER, NATHANIEL, Guggenheim Fellow in China, and writer on the Far East. SHOTWELL, JAMES T., Director of Division of Economics and History, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. STIMSON, RALPH H., Instructor in Political Science, University of Vermont. STONE, WILLIAM T., Staff of Foreign Policy Association. VAN KIRK, WALTER W., Secretary, Commission on International Justice and Good Will, Federal Council of Churches. VINER, JACOB, Professor of Economics, University of Chicago. WOOLLEY, MARY E., President, Mount Holyoke College. ZANGWILL, MRS. ISRAEL, writer and lecturer. LOCAL COMMITTEE ON ARRANGEMENTS General Chairman: MRS. WILLIAM L. DARBY Vice-Chairmen: MRS. T. J. HOWERTON MRS. H. WELLEN FISHER MRS. DELOS KINSMAN MRS. WILLIAM R. RHOADES MRS. GARDINER JACKSON MRS. ALLEN STOCKDALE Secretary: MRS. J. CLAUDE KEIPER Banquet MRS. FRANK E. EDGINTON MRS. BENJAMIN MEEKS Information MRS. LEONARD SCHLOSS MRS. HARRY HAHN Hotel Arrangements MRS. CAROL GOODPASTURE MRS. HUGH SMITH Ushers and Pages MRS. KIRKPATRICK NOBLE MRS. J. R. HARDESTY Utility MRS. E. C. DINWIDDIE MRS. E. R. PEASLEY Music MRS. MCFALL KERBEY Hostesses MRS. T. E. BROWN MRS. A. M. FERRY Registration MRS. KARL FENNING MRS. BASIL MANLY Church Groups MRS. JOHN REYNOLDS MRS. H. C. BRISCOE NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON THE CAUSE AND CURE OF WAR Honorary Chairman: CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Chairman of Program - CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT Administrative Chairman - MISS RUTH MORGAN First Vice-Chairman - MISS JOSEPHINE SCHAIN Second Vice-Chairman - MISS HENRIETTA ROELOPS Third Vice-Chairman - MRS. MAY BELL HARPER Fourth Vice-Chairman - MRS. FRED S. BENNETT Fifth Vice-Chairman - MRS. ALBERT LYTLE DEANE Sixth Vice-Chairman - MISS ESTHER G. OGDEN Finance Chairman - MRS. J. MALCOLM FORBES Recording Secretary - MRS. BEN HOOPER Treasurer - MRS. EDGERTON PARSONS MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS American Association of University Women - DR. MARY E. WOOLLEY, President, South Hadley, Mass. Council of Women for Home Missions - MRS. ORRIN R. JUDD, President, 105 East 22nd Street, New York City Federation of Woman's Boards of Foreign Missions of North America - MRS. HOWARD WAYNE SMITH, President, 111 Walnut Avenue, Ardmore, Penna. General Federation of Women's Clubs - MRS. GRACE MORRISON POOLE, President, 1734 N Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. National Board of the Young Women's Christian Associations - MRS. FREDERIC M. PAIST, President, Wayne, Penna. National Council of Jewish Women - MRS. ARTHUR BRIN, President, 2566 Lake of Isles Boulevard, Minneapolis, Minn. National Federation of Business and Professional Women's Clubs - MRS. GELINE MACDONALD BOWMAN, President, 28 North Eighth Street, Richmond, Va. National League of Women Voters - MISS BELLE SHERWIN, President, 532 Seventeenth Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. National Woman's Christian Temperance Union - MRS. ELLA A. BOOLE, President, 377 Parkside Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. National Women's Conference of American Ethical Union - MRS. HENRY NECARSULMER, Chairman, 225 West 86th Street, New York City National Women's Trade Union League - MISS ROSE SCHNEIDERMAN, President, 247 Lexington Avenue, New York City DO YOU KNOW that 13 million soldiers lost their lives on the battlefields of the Great War, and that 24 millions more of dead, the victims of army and navy blockades, of revolutions, of sunken and shipwrecked boats, of bombardments, make a total war dead of 37 millions? What a waste! THE WASTE OF WAR Cineas: "When you have conquered Rome, what will you do then?" Pyrrhus: "Then it will be a simple matter to conquer Sicily." Cineas: "And after that?" Pyrrhus: "With the resources of Sicily at our command, the rest of the world will soon submit to us." Cineas: "And when all are in our power, what shall we do then?" Pyrrhus: "We will live at our ease and drink all day and divert ourselves with pleasant conversation." Cineas: "But what hinders us now, since we have at hand without trouble all those necessary things to which through much blood and great labor and infinite hazards and mischiefs done to ourselves and others, we design at last to arrive?" [Extract from a conversation between a King and his Prime Minister in the 3rd Century B. C.] Despite the common sense of Cineas, the philosophy of Pyrrhus guided the nations of the world for twenty centuries more. During that time many great men pronounced unanswerable condemnation of war. Among them, these things were said: "I propose to establish in Pennsylvania the first unarmed government in the world, trusting the holy experiment may be an example to the nations." -WILLIAM PENN. "It is wicked to proceed against him as a wrongdoer who is ready to offer the question to arbitrators." -THUCYDIDES. "It is inconsistent to call a man an assassin when he kills someone on his side of the world, and a hero when he murders someone on the other side." -PASCAL. "The nation that has the courage to be the first to throw away its arms will win for itself one of the greatest names in history." -KEIR HARDIE. Then came the Great War. It was the greatest war the world had ever known, when measured by (a) the number of men engaged; (b) the number of men killed and wounded; (c) the cost in money. The logic of Cineas has been continuously overthrown by the belief of Pyrrhus. In 1932, despite the establishment of peace machinery, more than four thousand millions of dollars were spent to uphold preparations for war. How and when shall the Pyrrhus-minded be overthrown by the Cineas-minded? When "we the people" so will. DO YOU KNOW that the Great War Cost $20,000 for each hour since the birth of Jesus Christ? The four actual years of war cost over 9 millions of dollars per hour. More waste! DO YOU KNOW that calculated in days of work the net losses of the war from 1914 until 1918 represent the labor of a million workmen working by 44 hour weeks for 3,000 years, or daily work for the 15 million unemployed of England and the United States for 200 years? (International Labor Bureau, Geneva.) In 1912 Israel Zangwill, in "The War God" wrote: "To safeguard peace we must prepare for war'- I know that maxim; it was forged in hell. This wealth of ships and guns inflames the vulgar And makes the very war it guards against. The God of War is now a man of business, With invested interests. So much sunk Capital, such countless callings, The Army, Navy, Medicine, the Church- To bless and bury- Music, Engineering, Red-tape Departments, Commissariats, Stores, Transports, Ammunition, Coaling-stations, Fortifications. Cannon-foundries, Shipyards, Arsenals, Ranges, Drill-halls, Floating Docks, War-loan Promoters, Military Tailors, Camp-followers, Canteens, War Correspondents, Horse-breeders, Armourers, Torpedo-builders, Pipeclay and Medal Venders, Big Drum Makers, Gold Lace Embroiderers, Opticians, Buglers, Tent-makers, Banner-weavers, Powder-mixers, Crutches and Cork Limb Manufacturers, Balloonists, Mappists, Heliographers, Inventors, Flying Men and Diving Demons, Beelzebub and all his hosts, who, whether In Water, Earth, or Air, among them pocket- When Trade is brisk-a million pounds a week." DO YOU KNOW that every group of 20,000 families in the United States, Canada, Australia, Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, and Russia could have been provided with a hospital, university and public schools including the salaries of doctors, nurses, teachers, and professors,-with the money that the Great War cost? (International Labor Bureau, Geneva.) The National League of Women Voters Fourth Annual Convention Headquarters, hotel for Des Moines convention hall, Methodist Episcopal Church April Ninth to Fourteenth Nineteen twenty-three Des Moines, Iowa 4 fundamentals for leadership 1 - absolute knowledge & price for facts 2 - got to leave an approach (scholarly) 3 - get rid of personality 4 - Bovard human interest - unipersonal (side of attack. states Reglets verse States obligations When the name L.W.V. appears it must appear with some worthwhile (constructive) service "The lightning bug is brilliant But he hasn't any mind He travels through the creation With his headlight on behind The measuring worm is different When he goes out for pelf He stretches to the limit And then he humps himself" so long as you can't mobilize patriotism for peace as well as for war, your peace problems will remain unsolved, and if you refuse to recognize the fundamental, economic laws g? remaining the position you will throw away money on schemes that will have only a momentary effect." Norman Angell Roanoke May 15 - Civilization is the history of good women NATIONAL LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS 1923-1924 FOURTH ANNUAL CONVENTION "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of goodwill." CONVENTION HEADQUARTERS Hotel Fort Des Moines Des Moines, Iowa CONVENTION HALL First M. E. Church Tenth and Pleasant Streets Des Moines, Iowa Roanoke the city of open gates and open hearts when neither Gates nor Hearts are ever closed to those whose hearts are right. For then no matter Whence nor How, nor why, the stranger comes the Gain in ours. DES MOINES, IOWA APRIL NINTH TO FOURTEENTH NINETEEN TWENTY-THREE [*$1900.3000*] [*2764 8076 1800*] [*3000- 4693 2025 5237 1100*] [*4789*] HOTEL FORT DES MOINES HEADQUARTERS Tenth and Walnut FIRST METHODIST CHURCH CONVENTION HALL Tenth and Pleasant DES MOINES WOMEN'S CLUB Fifteenth and Woodland President's Address..................................Tuesday, April 10th, 8 P. M. Reception...............................................Following President's Address Mass Meeting............................................................April 11th, 8 P. M. Regional Luncheon (Second)....................................April 11th, 1 P. M. DES MOINES COLISEUM First and Locust Streets Lord Robert Cecil -- Mass Meeting.......................Friday, April 13th, 8:30 P. M. Mrs. Maud Wood Park "Our President" 6 1923 1923 CALL TO THE FOURTH ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE NATIONAL LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS The Board of Directors of the National League of Women Voters calls its State Leagues and Associate Members to send delegates to the Fourth Annual Convention of the League, to be held at Des Moines, Iowa, April 9-14, 1923. In Chicago in 1920, the League was organized in the brief that only when a majority of the citizens are intelligently and actively interested in public affairs is good government assured. In Cleveland in 1921, the program of work, measured by a year's trial, was expanded and strengthened. In Baltimore in 1922, the Pan-American Conference of Women emphasized the far-reaching value of international friendliness. In the months since then, League members have learned much because they have studied public questions, sought information about candidates for public office, and voted their convictions in the recent elections. The sum of this information and experience is important. In Des Moines in 1923, it will become the common property of all who gather there, in the heart of the United States, to make of their past efforts a wise guide for future work. Come and Share Come and Learn Come and Teach 7 BOARD OF DIRECTORS HONORARY PRESIDENT Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt ............ 171 Madison Avenue, New York City PRESIDENT Mrs. Maud Wood Park ............ 532 Seventeenth St. N. W., Washington, D.C. FIRST VICE PRESIDENT Mrs. Richard Edwards ....... 123 Main Street, Peru, Indiana SECOND VICE PRESIDENT Miss Belle Sherwin ............... 811 Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio THIRD VICE PRESIDENT Mrs. Solon Jacobs ............... 630 Woodward Building, Birmingham, Ala. SECRETARY Miss Elizabeth Hauser .............. Girard, Ohio TREASURER Miss Katherine Ludington ............. 343 East Fiftieth Street, New York City REGIONAL DIRECTORS FIRST REGION Mrs. R. L. DeNormandie ...... 357 Marlboro St., Boston, Mass. SECOND REGION Mrs. F. Louis Slade ............ 18 W. Fifty-second Street, New York City THIRD REGION Mrs. Elliott Cheatham ......... 1016 Piedmont Ave., Atlanta, Ga. FOURTH REGION Mrs. William G. Hibbard ........... 840 Willow Road, Winnetka, Ill. FIFTH REGION Miss Marguerite Wells ....... 313 Meyers Arcade, Minneapolis, Minn. SIXTH REGION Mrs. Charles H. Dietrich ....... Hastings, Nebraska SEVENTH REGION Mrs. William Palmer Lucas ...... Fairmont Hotel, San Francisco, Cal. 8 CHAIRMAN OF STANDING COMMTTEES CHILD WELFARE Mrs. John Jay O'Connor ...... Wardman Park Inn, Washington, D.C. EDUCATION Mrs. Walter DuBois Brookings .......... 1901 Wyoming St., Washington, D.C. LIVING COSTS Mrs. Edward P. Costigan ..... 2123 California St., Washington, D.C. SOCIAL HYGIENE Mrs. Ann Webster ...... 532 Seventeenth St. N. W., Washington, D.C. UNIFORM LAWS Mrs. Catharine Waugh McCulloch ........ 112 West Adams Street, Chicago, Ill. WOMEN IN INDUSTRY Miss Amy Mayer .............. 305 Commerce-Guardian Bldg., Toledo, Ohio INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION TO PREVENT WAR Miss Ruth Morgan ............ 26 Washington Square, New York City Finance Committee CHAIRMAN Miss Katherine Ludington ............ Lyme, Connecticut VICE CHAIRMAN Mrs. Gifford Pinchot ....... Milford, Penn. VICE CHAIRMAN Mrs. Sumner T. McKnight ...... Minneapolis, Minn. Mrs. Richard Edwards .... Peru, Indiana Miss Belle Sherwin ..... Cleveland, Ohio Mrs. William Henry Hays ........ New York City ASSISTANT TREASURER Miss M. Louise Griffith ........ New York City Department of Efficiency In Government Miss Belle Sherwin ..... 811 Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio NATIONAL CONVENTION COMMITTEES NOMINATING COMMITTEE Miss Esther Ogden, New York, Chairman Mrs. H. B. Chamberlin, Georgia Miss Julia P. George, California Mrs. James E. Cheesman, Rhode Island Mrs. James W. Morrison, Illinois Mrs. T. T. Cotnam, Arkansas Mrs. Sadie Passig, Iowa PROGRAM COMMITTEE Mrs. Maud Wood Park Miss Elizabeth Hauser Miss Belle Sherwin Mrs. John Jay O'Connor Mrs. Minnie Fischer Cunningham, Chairman OFFICIAL PARLIAMENTARIAN OF THE CONVENTION Miss Mary Garrett Hay CONVENTION SECRETARY Miss Hazel Hite All announcements which are to be made on the floor of the Convention should go to Miss Hite, who will arrange to have them presented. IN CHARGE OF PUBLICATIONS ROOM Miss Etelka Rockenbach 9 NATIONAL LEAGUE WOMEN VOTERS HEADQUARTERS The headquarters of the National League of Women Voters is in this building on Seventeenth and F Streets, Washington, D. C. In the quail directory of Washington for 1827, the house is listed as the home of General Townson, of the War of 1812, later Paymaster-General of the Army. He built the house about 1825 and lived in it until his death in 1854. When General Grant came to Washington in 1865 there were no suitable offices available for him in the old War Department, so the Headquarters of the Armies of the United States were established in the Towson house across Seventeenth Street. It was from here that General Grant went to the White House in 1869. From 1892 to 1897 the building was the home of Clara Barton and the second Headquarters of the American Red Cross, and from 1898 until late in 1921 it was used by the Depot Quartermaster. 10 STATE PRESIDENTS ALABAMA Mrs. C. R. Bricken Montgomery, Ala. ARIZONA Mrs. Vernon Clark Phoenix, Ariz. ARKANSAS Mrs. Frank W. Gibb Little Rock, Ark. CALIFORNIA Miss Marion Delaney San Francisco, Cal. CONNECTICUT Mrs. Herbert Knox Smith Farmington, Conn. DELAWARE Mrs. Alfred W. Warner Wilmington, Del. DISTRICT OF COLOMBIA Miss Elizabeth Eastman FLORIDA Mrs. J. B. O'Hara Lake Worth, Fla. GEORGIA Mrs. H. B. Chamberlin Atlanta, Ga. IDAHO Mrs. T. C. Hollingshead Boise, Idaho ILLINOIS Miss Julia Lathrop Chicago, Ill. INDIANA Mrs. Walter S. Greenough Indianapolis, Ind. IOWA Mrs. L. H. Tomlinson Des Moines, Iowa KANSAS Mrs. Charles H. Brooks Wichita, Kans. KENTUCKY Mrs. S. C. Henning Louisville, Ky. LOUISIANA Mrs. T. E. Browne Oakdale, La. MAINE Miss Mabel Connor Augusta, Me. MARYLAND Mrs. Chas. E. Ellicott Baltimore, Md. MASSACHUSETTS Mrs. Arthur G. Rotch Boston, Mass. MICHIGAN Mrs. F. C. Aldinger Lansing, Mich. MINNESOTA Miss Marguerite Wells Minneapolis, Minn. MISSISSIPPI Mrs. B. F. Saunders Swan Lake, Miss. MISSOURI Mrs. T. Walter Hardy St. Louis, Mo. MONTANA Mrs. A. F. Rice Butte, Montana NEBRASKA Mrs. C. G. Ryan Grand Island, Nebr. NEW HAMPSHIRE Mrs. George H. Lesure Keene, N. H. NEVADA Mrs. W. A. Shockley Reno, Nev. NEW JERSEY Miss Florence Halsey Newark, N. J. NEW MEXICO Mrs. Gerald Cassidy Santa Fe, N. M. NEW YORK Mrs. F. Louis Slade New York City NORTH CAROLINA Miss Louise Alexander Greensboro, N. C. NORTH DAKOTA Mrs. Kate S. Wilder Fargo, N. D. OHIO Miss Juliette Sessions Columbus, Ohio OKLAHOMA Mrs. Phil Brown Muskogee, Okla. OREGON Mrs. Dallas Bache Portland, Ore. PENNSYLVANIA Mrs. John O. Miller Philadelphia, Pa. RHODE ISLAND Mrs. James Cheesman Providence, R. L SOUTH CAROLINA Mrs. Richard Williams Greenwood, S. C. SOUTH DAKOTA Mrs. John L. Pyle Huron, S. D. TENNESSEE Mrs. John M. Kenny Nashville, Tenn. TEXAS Mrs. Jessie D. Ames Georgetown, Texas UTAH Mrs. Monroe Paxman Provo, Utah VERMONT Mrs. Mary Andrews Conner Rochester, Vt. VIRGINIA Miss Adele Clark Richmond, Va. WASHINGTON Mrs. W. S. Griswold Seattle, Wash. WISCONSIN Mrs. W. Z. Stuart Neenah, Wis. WYOMING Mrs. D. Avery Haggard Cheyenne, Wyo. WEST VIRGINIA Mrs. Edward S. Romine Wheeling, W. Va. ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Mrs. Frances Burns, Great Commander, The Ladies of the Maccabees, St. Louis, Michigan. Miss Rose Brenner, President, National Council of Jewish Women, New York City. 11 IOWA LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS Officers Mrs. I. H. Tomlinson President Des Moines, Iowa Mrs. Oscar Ruff First Vice-Pres. Sioux City, Iowa Mrs. Max Mayer Second Vice-Pres. Des Moines, Iowa Mrs. Clarence Knutson Secretary, Clear Lake, Ia. Dr. Margaret B. Mills Third Vice-Pres. Ottumwa, Ia. Mrs. Florence H. Koch, Fourth Vice-Pres. Cedar Rapids, Ia. Mrs. Sadie H. Passig Treasurer, Humboldt, Ia. Chairmen of Standing Committees CHILD WELFARE Mrs. A. O. Ruste Charles City, Iowa. EFFICIENCY IN GOVERNMENT Mrs. Ella McKim Marshalltown, Iowa. EDUCATION (AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP) Mrs. Max Mayer Hotel Savery, Des Moines, Iowa. INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION TO PREVENT WAR Mrs. Fred H. Hunter 4233 Pleasant St., Des Moines, Iowa LIVING COSTS Mrs. Carl E. Seashore Iowa City, Iowa SOCIAL HYGIENE Miss Anna M. Drake 507 Century Bldg., Des Moines, Iowa. UNIFORM LAWS Miss Bess Fenton 1114 Euclid Ave., Des Moines, Iowa. WOMEN IN INDUSTRY Mrs. J. A. Devitt Oskaloosa, Iowa. Hospitality Committee Mrs. Oscar Ruff, Sioux City, Chairman, Ft. Des Moines Hotel Conferences Child Welfare Room 322 Mrs. A. O. Ruste Efficiency in Government Banquet Hall Mrs. Ella McKim Education Room 323 Mrs. Max Mayer International Co-operation to Prevent War Room 331 Mrs. Fred H. Hunter Living Costs Room 317 Mrs. C. E. Seashore Social Hygiene Room 318 Miss Anna M. Drake Uniform Laws Room 335 Miss Bess Fenton Women in Industry Room 340 Mrs. J. A. Devitt 12 POLK COUNTY LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS President - Mrs. Clarke E. Daniels. First Vice President - Mrs. E. A. Lingenfelter. Second Vice President - Miss Flora Dunlap. Secretary - Mrs. Edna Kraft. Treasurer - Mrs. Gordon Elliott. Directors at Large - Mrs. Eugene Mannheimer. Mrs. O. S. Franklin. Mrs. Robert E. Jackson. Parliamentarian - Mrs. J. A. Blanchard. Local Convention Committee Chairman Dr. Carrie Harvison Dickey Vice Chairman Mrs. Edna Rendall Kraft. Secretary Mrs. L. C. Kurtz Treasurer Mrs. Robert E. Jackson Automobiles Miss Margaret Tomlinson Badges Mrs. R. H. Delmege Banquet Mrs. Ellis Englebeck Information Bureau Mrs. Ruby J. Eckerson Credentials and Registrations Mrs. H. R. Best Decorations Mrs. J. S. Carpenter Doorkeeper Mrs. William J. Goodwin Elections Mrs. W. W. Littell Finance Mrs. Clark E. Daniels Floor Mrs. J. C. Bauch Headquarters Mrs. A. H. Marshall Iowa League Membership Mrs. J. H. Frawley Hotels and Transportation Mrs. C. A. O'Rourke Mass Meeting Miss Florence Harsh, Mrs. Walter S. Brown Music Mrs. H. H. Coggeshall Pages Mrs. Emory English Press Interviews Mrs. Josephine Hunter Ray Press Mrs. Dorothy Ashby Pownall, Mrs. Helen Keefner Fairall and Miss Blanche Wingate Printing Miss Flora Dunlap Program Mrs. Fred H. Hunter Promotion Mrs. I. H. Tomlinson Publications Mrs. H. Jesse Miller Reception Mrs. J. C. Cummins Regional Luncheon Mrs. J. B. Reeve Regional Hostess Mrs. Max Mayer Special Luncheons and Dinners Miss Bonnie Marshall Ticket Selling Mrs. Gordon L. Elliott Ushers Mrs. Edward A. Lingenfelter Signs Mrs. J. C. Bernhard Hospitality Mrs. Oscar Ruff Poster Mrs. Virgil Kepford Street Mrs. Geo. Burberry Finance-Session Mrs. C. H. Morris Regional Hostesses Mrs. Max Mayer, Chairman, Savery Hotel Market 600. FIRST REGION Mrs. H. G. Drake, 1405 Twenty-third St. Drake 5475-W. SECOND REGION Mrs. Frank Travers, 4242 Woodlawn Drake 4933-J. THIRD REGION Mrs. Frank Armstrong, 1819 Pleasant Drank 4697. FOURTH REGION Mrs. Vernon R. Seeburger, 942 Twenty-eighth St. Drake 1692-J. FIFTH REGION Mrs. Ida B. Wise Smith, 2416 Kingman Drake 4169-J. SIXTH REGION Carrie Bell, Chamber of Commerce Walnut 1666. SEVENTH REGION Mrs. Delia B. Meredith, Y. W. C. A. Market 1320. 13 CONVENTION ACTIVITIES MONDAY Committee Conferences State Presidents' Dinner Local Presidents' Dinner State League Staff Dinner Executive Council Meeting (See pages 16 to 26) TUESDAY Opening Convention Session President's Address Informal Reception of Delegates and Alternates in Honor of the Local Arrangements Committee (See pages 26 to 29) WEDNESDAY Dinner--Round Table on Finance Mass Meeting Regional Luncheons Caucuses (See pages 29 to 34) THURSDAY *Dinner--Round Table Discussion on League Bulletins Harris-Emery Tea Room FRIDAY Banquet Mass Meeting (See page 36) SATURDAY Executive Council (See page 37) NOTICE *Make reservations for the League Bulletin Dinner at Convention Secretary's Desk at the Church not later than 9:00 A. M. Wednesday. Dinners will be served in basement of the Church 12:30, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday--60c a plate. Reservations must be made at the desk in the lobby of the Church before 9:30 A. M. each day. General Information, page 38. Do not overlook pages 52 and 58. 14 NATIONAL LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS Fourth Annual Convention "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." PRE-CONVENTION PROGRAM Meeting of Board of Directors April 5, 6, 7 Monday, April 9th PRE-CONVENTION MEETING OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 9:30 A. M. to 1:00 P. M., Room 320 "The Board of Directors, the Chairman of Standing Committees, the President of each affiliated State League of the District of Columbia, of Hawaii and of the Associated National Members shall constitute an Executive Council to consider and recommend programs and methods of work. The Executive Council shall have at least two meetings annually, one preceding the opening of the annual convention and one at its close. Nineteen members shall constitute a quorum." Article IX, By-Laws of the League. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 15 Stencil No. 49. WHEREAS, the United States of America is justly regarded at home and abroad as holding a position of extraordinary power and prosperity, and WHEREAS, we believe this condition of well-being constitutes a great opportunity for service, and WHEREAS, a policy of isolation from world affairs is neither wise nor possible for this nation. [*1*] THEREFORE, be it resolved that we, members of the National League of Women Voters, in Convention assembled, hereby record our appreciation of the gains in International friendliness thru the conferences with Central and South American countries, and the appointment of representatives of our government to attend the Conferences of the League of Nations on Opium and on Traffic in Women, and --> [*3*] RESOLVED, that we pledge our active support to the proposal of the President and the Secretary of State for participation by the United States in the Permanent Court in International Justice, believing this to be the first step toward the outlawry of war. [*4*] BE IT ALSO RESOLVED that [since] fuller and more far-reaching National cooperation is necessary to prevent war, we urge upon our government the call an all nations conference to conductor further steps to eliminate causes of war and to abolish war itself by association with [*The league of nations*] other nations for the maintenance of abiding peace. [*2*] BE IT [FURTHER] RESOLVED that we approve a policy of open diplomacy and that we believe that the fullest information on the conduct of International affairs should be given promptly to the public. [*process Sat Berit*] [*5 over*] [BE IT FINALLY RESOLVED that we express our appreciation of the opening to women of the diplomatic service and our earnest hope that the appointment of properly qualified women in that service may continue and that women of wisdom and experience may also be appointed upon Committees and Commissioners dealing with International affairs.] That we call upon all creatures of the US to unite upon all constructive effort to turn world peace without regard to party affiliation DEPARTMENT AND STANDING COMMITTEE PRE-CONVENTION CONFERENCES Hotel Fort Des Moines Des Moines, Iowa Monday, April 9th Open Meetings: 2:30—5 P. M. Closed Meetings: 8:00—10:00 P. M. Child Welfare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Room 322 Department of Efficiency in Government . . . Banquet Hall, Mezzanine Floor Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Room 323 International Co-operation to Prevent War . . . Room 331 Living Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Room 317 Social Hygiene . . . . . . . . . . . . . Room 318 Uniform Laws Concerning Women . . . . . Room 335 Women in Industry . . . . . . . . . . . Room 340 All interested persons may attend the open sessions of the Conferences which will be held, as listed above, from 2:30 P. M. to 5 P. M. on Monday, April 9. Each state is entitled to be represented in the closed business sessions of the Standing Committees, by the State Chairman of that Committee or her alternate. State Presidents and the advisory committees of National Chairmen may attend, but may not vote. These closed sessions will be held in the rooms listed above on Monday evening from 8 P. M. to 10 P. M. Monday Evening—6 P. M. State Presidents Dinner. Hotel Ft. Des Moines. (Mrs. Herbert Knox Smith, Chairman—Connecticut) 6 P. M. Local Presidents Dinner. Hotel Ft. Des Moines. (Mrs. N. M. Stanley, Chairman—Dayton, Ohio) 6 P. M. State League Staff Dinner, Harris Emery's Tea Room. (Mrs. Gladys Harrison, Minneapolis, Chairman) "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 16 CONFERENCE OF COMMITTEE ON CHILD WELFARE Hotel Fort Des Moines, Room 322 MRS. JOHN JAY O'CONNOR, Chairman Open Meeting 2:30-5:00 P. M. LAW PROMOTION OF WELFARE AND HYGIENE OF MATERNITY AND INFANCY Progress in the States Dr. Anna E. Rude, Director, Maternal and Infant Hygiene, Children's Bureau. Effect on Infant and Maternal Mortality. Dr. Adelaide Brown of California. Co-operation of State Forces for Effective Program. Mrs. S. C. Henning, State President of Kentucky. CHILD LABOR MANAGEMENT Federal and State Laws for Child Labor. Miss Grace Abbot, Director, Children's Bureau. Need of Federal Minimum Standard for Child Labor. Mrs. Florence Kelley, Secretary, National Consumers League. Future Problems for Child welfare Committees. Miss Julia Lathrop, former Chief, Children's Bureau. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 17 CONFERENCE OF COMMITTEE ON CHILD WELFARE Hotel Fort Des Moines, Room 322 MRS. JOHN JAY O'CONNOR, Chairman Closed Meeting 8:00-10:30 P. M. Adoption of Program PROBLEMS IN STATE WORK 1. Organization. All State and Local Leagues (County, City and Rural Groups) 2. Work in State. Programs for work, literature, speakers' bureau, form letters, files, etc. EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS Study groups, surveys, lecturers, movie slides, library extension, etc. LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM Publicity, public support, contact with legislators, co-operation with legislative secretaries and legislative committees. CO-OPERATION WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS On County and State Welfare Boards; Children's Code Commission; Joint Committees; all representatives from all organizations interested in Child Welfare. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 18 CONFERENCE OF DEPARTMENT OF EFFICIENCY IN GOVERNMENT Banquet Hall, Mezzanine Floor Hotel Fort Des Moines MISS BELLE SHERWIN, Chairman Open Meeting 2:30-5:00 P. M. The Direct Primary Again -- The Future of Nominations. Charles E. Merriam. Civil Service in States and Cities -- The Trail of the Spoils System. Lent D. Upson. An Inquiry into Local Civil Service Methods. W. E. Mosher. The Contribution of the Average Citizen to Local Surveys. Raymond Moley. Closed Meeting 8:00-10:30 P. M. I. Reports from State Departments of Efficiency in Government. II. Presentation of Program for 1923-24. (To be discussed, modified, recommended, and presented in full to the Convention in the Thursday morning session.) 1. The Sterling Bill. 2. Methods of Surveying Civil Service. 3. The Presidential Primary. 4. Legislative Bodies. 5. City Government. 6. Methods of Surveying City and State Budgets. III. The Extent and Range of the Future Program. (A statement of the problem followed by discussion.) "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 19 CONFERENCE OF COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION Hotel Fort Des Moines, Room 323 MRS. WALTER DuBOIS BROOKINGS, Chairman Open Meeting 2:30-5:00 P. M. I. Creative interest in public education our great responsibility. II. Qualified women on School Boards. (a) A survey of women on School Boards (b) Forecasts and returns from the test States (c) Legislative needs (d) Election methods (e) Appointment methods (f) How to know quality (g) Quality above politics (h) Awakening a sleepy Board III. Larger units of organization for rural school system. (a) First steps in consolidation (b) The bugbear of expense (c) When and where to call in the expert (d) The "Little Old Red School-House" and what it really cost (e) Winning public opinion Speakers: Mrs. Katherine Cook, Chief of Rural Education Division, U. S. Bureau of Education Miss Charl Williams, Field Secretary, National Education Association. Mrs. Isaac Lea Hillis, Vice President, Parent-Teachers' Association, Iowa. Representatives of the Parent Teachers' Association, and other organizations interested in Education. State Chairmen of Education. Closed Meeting 8:00-10:30 P. M. Business Session "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 20 CONFERENCE OF COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION TO PREVENT WAR Hotel Fort Des Moines, Room 331 MISS RUTH MORGAN, Chairman Open Meeting 2:30-500 P.M. The Work of the National Council for Prevention of War. National Responsibility for Commercial Developments in Foreign Lands by Citizens of the United States. "Shall the Flag Follow Business?" Report of the Williamstown Convention. Report from Round Table Groups. Speakers: Mr. Frederick J. Libby Mr. Whiney Shepardson. Professor Carlton Hayes. Mrs. William G. Hibbard Closed Meeting 8:00-10:30 P. M. Report of Progress. Program for 1923-24. How to make the League Program in International Affairs Effective. Discussion by Chairmen. Organization of Committee. Budget for 1923-24. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 21 CONFERENCE OF COMMITTEE ON LIVING COSTS Hotel Fort Des Moines, Room 317 MRS. EDWARD P. COSTIGAN, Chairman Open Meeting 2:30-5:00 P. M. Discussion of Special Features of Committee's Program. 1. Survey of the Needs of the States in the Field of Home Economics. Miss Anna E., Richardson, Dean, Home Economics Division, Iowa State College. 2. Producers Co-operation as a Permanent Constructive Market Force. Professor E. G. Nouse, Chief, Agricultural Economics Section, Iowa State College. 3. The Practical Value of Consumer's Co-operative Associations in the United States. Mrs. Mabel Cheel, Field District Advisor, Co-operative League. 4. The Packers and the Public, Mrs. Florence Kelley, General Secretary, National Consumers League. 5. The Federal Trade Commission and its Greatest Problem. Honorable Huston Thompson, Member. Federal Trade Commission. 6. The Relation of the U.S. Coal Commission to the Coal Crisis. Closed Meeting 8:00-10:30 P. M. 1. Discussion and Adoption of Program for 1923-24. 2. How to present the Program in the States? 3. Reports by State Chairmen. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 22 CONFERENCE OF COMMITTEE ON SOCIAL HYGIENE Hotel Fort Des Moines, Room 318 MRS. ANN WEBSTER, Chairman Open Meeting 2:30-5:00 P.M. International Aspects of Social Hygiene Work. Grace Abbott, United States Representative on Advisory Committee to Committee on Prevention of Traffic in Women and Children, League of Nations. The National League's Program. Practical Working Out of Educational Measures, Of Recreational Measures, Of Legislative and Law Enforcement Measures. Of Preventive and Remedial Measures, and of Medical Measures. Speakers on each subject to be announced. Closed Meeting 8:00-10:30 P.M. Suggestions from State Chairman on the service which the National Committee can render. Business Session "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 23 CONFERENCE OF COMMITTEE ON UNIFORM LAWS Hotel Fort Des Moines, Room 335 MRS. CATHARINE WAUGH McCULLOCH, Chairman Open Meeting 2:30-5:00 P.M. I. Survey of the Legal and Political Status of Women. II. Discussion on Model forms for legislation to cover the measures advocated in the program. Speakers: Mrs. Annie Sargent Bemis, Cook County Commissioner. Hon. Mabeth H. Paige, Minnesota Legislator. Miss Harriett Reid, Industrial Commission Arbitrator. Miss Esther A. Dunshee Miss Dorothy M. Rehfeld And other women legislators and office holders. Closed Meeting 8:00-10:30 P.M. Adoption of Program for 1923-24. Reports of State Chairmen. Discussion of State Problems in Method. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 24 CONFERENCE OF COMMITTEE ON WOMEN IN INDUSTRY Hotel Fort Des Moines, Room 340 MISS AMY G. MAHER, Chairman Open Meeting 2:30-5:00 P.M. I. Unemployment and the Business Cycle. II. Unemployment Insurance. III. Maternity Benefits. Closed Meeting 8:00-10:30 P.M. Round Table Discussion of Methods of Work for the Committee in: 1. Organizing. 2. Educational Work. 3. Legislative Work. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 25 FOURTH ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE NATIONAL LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS Methodist Episcopal Church, Tenth and Pleasant Streets Tuesday, April 10th Opening Session 9:30 A.M.-12:30 P. M. MRS. MAUD WOOD PARK, Presiding Convention called to order. Invocation-Rev. W. H. Shullenberger. Welcome to Iowa-Mrs I. H. Tomlinson, President, Iowa League Women Voters. Welcome to Des Moines-Mayor Carl M. Garver. Hostesses' Welcome-Mrs. Clark Daniels, President, Des Moines League of Women Voters. Greetings from Associate Members-Miss Rose Brenner, President National Council of Jewish Women ; Mrs. Frances Burns, Great Commander, The Ladies of the Maccabees. Response for the National League-Mrs. Robert DeNormandie. Adoption of order of business for convention. Appointment of Convention Committees on Credentials, Elections and Resolutions. Adoption of Rules for Convention. Report of the First Vice-President, Mrs Richard E. Edwards. Report of the Second Vice-President, Miss Belle Sherwin. Report of the Third Vice-President, Mrs. Solon Jacobs. Report of the Secretary, Miss Elizabeth Hauser. Report of the Treasurer, Miss Katherine Ludington. Report on the Washington Headquarters, Mrs. Minnie Fisher Cunningham. Presentation of Plan of Work for 1923-24 by a representative of the Executive Council. Presentation of amendments to the By-Laws-Mrs. Elliott B. Cheatham. Report of the Nominating Committee-Miss Esther Odgen. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 24 FOURTH ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE NATIONAL LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS Tuesday, April 10th Afternoon Session 2:30-5:00 P. M. MISS MARGUERITE WELLS, Presiding "The State League-The Unit Which Receives, Responds, Disseminates, and Administers." The Working Board-A Completely Organized Body: The Executive Branch-Mrs. T. C. Hollingshead, Idaho, and Mrs. Arthur G. Rotch, Massachusetts. The Organizing Branch-Mrs. H. C. Stevens, Ohio, and Miss Grance Zorbaugh, District of Columbia. The Advisory Body-Mrs. Parker S. Maddux, California, and Mrs. Charles Brooks, Kansas. The State And Its Outside Relationships: The State and the National-Mrs. C. G. Ryan, Nebraska; Mrs. Frank A. Vanderlip, New York, and Mrs. C. R. Bricken, Alabama. The State and the Region-Miss Louise Alexander, North Carolina, and Mrs. W. S. Griswold, Washington. The State and Other States-Mrs. W. A. Shockley, Nevada, and Mrs. Charles E. Ellicott, Maryland. The State and Other Organizations-Mrs. Jessie Daniel Ames, Texas ; Miss Juliette Sessions, Ohio, and Miss Marion Delaney, California. [*Los Angeles*] The State In Relation To Its Local League Branches: The State and Its Plan of Work-Mrs. Walter Greenough, Indiana, and Mrs. H. B. Chamberlain, Georgia. The State and the Dissemination of Information-Mrs. A. F. Rice, Montana and Mrs. James E. Cheesman, Rhode Island. The Use of the State Bulletin-Mrs. Edward Romine, West Virginia, and Mrs. T. W. Hardy, Missouri. The Problem of the Permanent Income-Mrs. W. Z. Stuart, Wisconsin; Mrs. Herbert Knox Smith, Conecticut, and Mrs. John M. Kenney, Tennessee. Note: Credit for arrangement of Tuesday afternoon and Wednesday morning programs is due Mrs. Richard Edwards, First Vice-President of the National League, who, when this program was printed, did not expect to attend the Convention on account of illness. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 27 Tuesday, April 10th Evening Session WOMAN'S CLUB 8:00-10:00 P. M. MRS. CHARLES H. DIETRICH, Presiding Invocation—Rev. H. R. Best "The Joy Of It"—Mrs. Harriet Taylor Upton President's Address—Mrs. Maud Wood Park. Informal reception of delegates and alternates in honor of the Local Arrangements Committees. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 28 Wednesday, April 11th Evening Session 6:00 P. M. Dinner, Hotel Ft. Des Moines. Round Table on Finance Plans for 1923-24; State Budgets and How to Raise Them; Relation of National and State Finance. (State Presidents, Finance Chairmen, and State Treasurers eligible to attend.) 8:00 P. M. Mass Meeting, Woman's Club Auditorium, Miss Ruth Morgan, Presiding. "The Responsibility of America for World Peace. How Shall it be Met?" Invocation—Father Charles O'Connor. The Honorable N. E. Kendall, Governor of Iowa. Miss Florence E. Allen, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Ohio. The Honorable Herbert Hoover, Secretary of the United States Department of Commerce. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 33 Thursday, April 12th Morning Session 9:30 A. M.-12:30 P. M. MISS BELLE SHERWIN, Presiding Final Credentials Report--Mrs. H. R. Best. Regional Elections, polls open 11:00 A. M. to 2:30 P. M. I. Broadcasting Political Education. 1. A Primer Class--How to Mark a Ballot. 2. Various Forms of Co-operation with State Universities. 3. Teaching to Develop Leadership. 4. Announcements. II. The New Year's Program in Efficiency in Government. 1. The Sterling Bill. 2. Methods of Surveying Civil Service. 3. The Presidential Primary. 4. Legislative Bodies. 5. City Government. 6. Methods of Surveying City and State Budgets. Speakers: Mrs. J. Paul Goode, Illinois; Miss Margaret H. Johnson, Ohio; Mrs. Walter J. Marcley, Minnesota; Miss Louise Overacker, Illinois; Miss Helen M. Rocca, Ohio; and others to be announced. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 34 Thursday, April 12th Afternoon Session 2:00-5:00 P. M. MRS. MAUD WOOD PARK, Presiding Action on Plan of Work and Committee Programs for 1923-24 Evening Session 8:00-10:00 P. M. MRS. SOLON JACOBS, Presiding [*Blanket bill is unsound legally and unsafe socially.*] Legislative Achievements and Objectives. Invocation--Rabbi Eugene Mannheimer. Education While Legislating--Mrs. Solon Jacobs. 1922--Past Results--Mrs. Carina C. Warrington. 1923--Present Doings, A Symposium. 1924--Future Certainties--Miss Julia Lathrop. Law Enforcement--Mrs. Kate Waller Barrett, National President, American Legion Auxiliary. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 35 Friday, April 13th Methodist Episcopal Church, Tenth and Pleasant Streets Morning Session Mrs. Maud Wood Park and Mrs. William G. Hibbard, Presiding 9:30 A.M. 12:30 P.M. Action on Plan of Work and Committee Programs for 1923-24 Action on Amendments to the By-Laws. General Election -- polls open from 11 A.M. to 2:30 P.M. a man + a woman elected - not appointed - recinot comruiltee men. Afternoon Session Judge allen nominated by petition by men + women of both parties Mrs F. Louis Slade, Presiding St Louis L.W.V. has 3 presidents - a Dem. a Rep. + a 2nd president 2:30-5:00 P.M. They endorse brille or candidates as they clove introduced by Dem. women of League Some Present Political Problems: 1. How can the local Board protect the League from misuse in the political field? 2. How can the local League be effective politically without being partisan? 3. How can women secure 50-50 representation in the parties? 4. How can the League of Women Voters secure better candidates for office? Mrs. Emily Newell Blair, and Other Speakers to be Announced. Mrs O' Niel of Illinois ------ voted for a majority Evening Session 6:30-8:15 P.M. -- 8:30-10:30 P.M. Miss Katherine Ludington, Presiding Banquet. Symposium of Journalists and Citizens on "Democracy and the Woman Voter." Speakers--Mrs. Gifford Pinchot, Mr. Harvey Ingham, Editor Des Moines Register. Mrs. Oliver Strachey of London, Dr. George Leonard Knapp, Editor Chicago Journal. Twenty minutes of general discussion will follow the speeches. 8:30 P.M. — Mass Meeting Coliseum. "Women and International Co-operation to Prevent War." Speakers — Mrs. Thomas G. Winter, President General Federation of Women's Clubs, Mrs. Gifford Pinchot, Lord Robert Cecil, of England. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." one man said the L.Q.W.V. did not endorse me + Mrs Page jumped up and saw the L.Q.W.V. did not endorse any for you. Wim. Mrs Page - I've come to keep you purity lefe + soculy. Saturday, April 14th Methodist Episcopal Church, Tenth and Pleasant Streets Morning Session Mrs. Maud Wood Park, Presiding 9:30 A.M.—12:30 P.M. Adoption of Resolutions. Report of Election Committee—Mrs. W. W. Littell. Unfinished Business. Adjournment. Saturday, April 14th Hotel Fort Des Moines Afternoon Session Mrs. Maud Wood Park, Presiding 2:30—5:00 P.M. Post-Convention Meeting of the Executive Council "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." GENERAL INFORMATION BUREAUS OF INFORMATION A Bureau of Information will be located in the lobby of the Hotel Fort Des Moines, and another in a place convenient to the Convention Floor. CHECK ROOM No Delegates will be allowed to wear hats during the Convention. A checkroom for hats will be provided at Convention Hall. CONFERENCES All Departments and Standing Committees are called to meet in open session from 2:30 p. m. to 5:00 p. m. on Monday, April 9, and in closed session from 8:00 p. m. to 10:30 p. m., April 9, at Hotel Fort Des Moines. The Chairmen of the Committees will preside as follows: Child Welfare: Mrs. John Jay O'Connor, Michigan. Room 322. Department of Efficiency in Government: Miss Belle Sherwin, Ohio, Banquet Hall Mezzanine. Education: Mrs. Walter DuBois Brookings, California. Room 323. International Co-operation to Prevent War: Miss Ruth Morgan, New York. Room 331. Living Costs: Mrs. Edward P. Costigan, Colorado. Room 317. Social Hygiene: Mrs. Ann Webster, New Mexico. Room 318. Uniform Laws: Mrs. Catharine Waugh McCulloch, Illinois. Room 335. Women in Industry: Miss Amy Maher, Ohio. Room 340. ELECTIONS Regional Elections Polls will be open Thursday, April 12, from 11:00 a. m. to 4:00 p. m. for the election of Regional Directors. General Election Polls will be open Friday, April 13, from 11:00 a. m. to 4:00 p. m. for the election of Officers. EXECUTIVE COUNCIL REPRESENTATION Each state is entitled to representation by its President or her alternate in the Executive Council Meetings, on April 9 and 14. MONDAY, APRIL 9--Room 320, Hotel Fort Des Moines. 9:30 a. m.--1:00 p. m. SATURDAY, APRIL 14--Room 320, Hotel Fort Des Moines. 2:00 p. m.--4:00 p. m. The National Board, National Standing Committee Chairmen, Presidents of Affiliated Leagues or their alternates, and Presidents of Associate Organizations or their alternates constitute the Executive Council. MAIL AND TELEGRAMS Delegates should have their mail and telegrams addressed in care of the hotel where they expect to stay or to the National League of Women Voters' Convention Hall, Des Moines, Iowa. REGISTRATION The Registration Bureau for the presentation of credentials will be located on the Mezzanine of the Fort Des Moines Hotel. This Bureau will open for registration: Monday, April 9...............8:00 a. m. to 5:00 p. m. Tuesday, April 10...............9:00 a. m. to 5:00 p. m. Wednesday, April 11...............9:00 a. m. to 12:00 p. m. The Transportation Bureau will be located on the Mezzanine of the Fort Des Moines Hotel, Des Moines, Iowa, Convention Headquarters. All delegates and visitors should buy one-way tickets, securing from their ticket agents certificates which will entitle the purchasers to Return tickets for one-half the regular one-way fare. To ensure reduced fares, all railroad certificates must be filed immediately on arrival. The reduced return fare rate will be granted provided at least 250 such certificates are filed with the Transportation Bureau. One-way tickets to Des Moines may be purchased between the following dates: April 1-7 April 2-8 April 3-9 depending upon the geographical location of purchasers--those located at the more distant points being entitled to the privilege of buying tickets on the earlier dates. Information as to this particular feature can be easily secured by local railroad ticket agents. 28 THE FOURTH ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE NATIONAL LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS Wednesday, April 11th Morning Session 9:30 A. M.-12:30 P.M. [*Mrs. Gleuvaliers of Minneapolis*] MRS. CHARLES L. TIFFANY, Presiding "The Local League-The Ultimate Unit of Organization." ESSENTIALS FOR A SUCCESSFUL LOCAL LEAGUE: THE LEAGUE PROGRAM: How Can We Make the Ideal and Program of the National Real to the Individual Woman?--Mrs. George Gellhorn, St. Louis, Missouri, and Mrs. Gordon Norrie, New York. How Can the Local League Translate These Ideals Into Local League Activities for The City--Mrs. Frank Hiram Snell, Washington, D. C.; Mrs. S. C.[Henning,] Louisville, Kentucky;[*^*] Mrs. O. A. Critchett, El Paso, Texas; Miss Lavinia Engle, Baltimore, Maryland, and Mrs. Max Mayer, Iowa City, Iowa. The Town--Mrs. James McPherson, Saginaw, Michigan; Mrs. L. L. [Leavitt] [*Pyle*], Sioux Falls, South Dakota; Mrs. M. V. O'Shea, Madison, Wisconsin, and Mrs. Gertrude A. Boatright, Roanoke, Virginia. The Rural District--Mrs. J. B. O'Hara [*100% [policy paid*], Lake Worth, Florida, and Dr. Zella Stewart, Iowa City, Iowa. PUBLICITY--THE ESSENTIAL MEDIUM: The News Column--Mrs. Charles George Mills, Wichita, Kansas. Devices of the Showman--Miss Etelka Rockenbach, New Albany, Indiana. The Personal Appeal--Mrs. William Milnes Maloy, Baltimore, Maryland, and Mrs. Lewis Rose, Hartford, Connecticut. FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES: Should Membership Drives be Continuous or Annual?--Mrs. Mary Andrews Connor, Rochester, Vermont, and Miss Eleanor Laird, Aiken, South Carolina. What Should be the Number of Dues?--Mrs. F. C. Aldinger, Lansing, Michigan, and Mrs. Richard Williams, Greenwood, South Carolina. Suggestions for Money Raising--Mrs. Charles Arthur Carlisle, South Bend, Indiana; Mrs. Glen Waters, Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Mrs. Winfield Smith, California. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 29 Portion of Civic Center where are located many public buildings. Five magnificent concrete arch bridges span the river at this point. Des Moines extends greetings to the National League of Women Voters. The services of the Convention Bureau of the Chamber of Commerce are at your disposal. -- G. E. Hamilton. Wednesday, April 11th Afternoon Session 1:00 P. M. Regional Luncheons, to be followed by State Caucuses. Region I. Mrs. Robert DeNormandie, Director, Presiding, Hotel Fort Des Moines. Region II. Mrs. F. Louis Slade, Director, Presiding, Woman's Club. Region III. Mrs. Elliott B. Cheatham, Director, Presiding, Hotel Fort Des Moines. Region IV. Mrs. William G. Hibbard, Director, Presiding, Hotel Fort Des Moines. Region V. Miss Marguerite Wells, Director, Presiding, Yonkers Tea Room. Region VI. Mrs. Charles H. Dietrich, Director, Presiding, Harris-Emery's Tea Room. Region VII. Mrs. Parker S. Maddux, Presiding, Savery Hotel. "The most powerful factors in the world today are clear ideas in the minds of energetic men and women of good will." 32 "LEST WE FORGET" In Ancient Greece during the Age of Pericles, the Great Festivals held in honor of the gods had one important contest which was the favorite amusement of the populace of Athens. It was called the Lampodedromia or the Torch Race and probably celebrated the gift of fire from Prometheus. Boys were trained in teams representing the various tribes, and the races were regarded as very important, requiring rigorous tests and long training. The races were held at night, and teams started from given points, running with lighted torches for a goal. They were run either singly or in relays, in which case the lighted torch was passed from one runner to another and the winner was the first to reach the goal with the torch lighted. As the Torch Race in Ancient Greece was but one contest of the Great Festivals, the struggle of women for a broader sphere of action in America beginning in Colonial days of the 18th Century was on phase of Individualism developed out of social and political unrest and revolutions of the 19th Century and which finally culminated in their enfranchisement in the 20th Century. Although in colonial America the editors of the first newspapers were women, among them Clementia Reid of the "Virginia Gazette," who was the first to print the Declaration of Independence, and Margaret Draper of the "Massachusetts Gazette," who was the only editor who did not suspend publication when Boston was besieged by the British, historical records seem to give to three prominent women the honor of having lighted the first Torches in the Race of Women for Equality of Opportunity and the Vote. Mrs. Mercy Otis Warren, was the first to advocate, in 1775, "that inherent rights belong to all mankind and had been conferred on all by the God of Nations," and the first to advise separation from the Mother Country ; Abigail Smith Adams, in 1776, protested against the formation of a new government in which women should be unrecognized, demanding for her voice and representation in the new Constitution then being framed in Philadelphia ; Mrs. Hannah Lee Corbin, in 1778, wrote a protect against taxation of women unless they were allowed to vote. "Thus our country started into governmental life freighted with the protests of the Revolutionary Mothers against being ruled without their consent." The Race from the Colonial period to the beginning of the Anti-Slavery movement was marked by the influence of English writers, Mary Woolstonecraft, Jane Marcet, Eliza Linn, George Sand and Harriet Martineau, who prepared the way for the coming of Francis Wright, the first women lecturer, whose radical ideas on theology, slavery and the social degredation of women were denounced by press and pulpit and maintained by her at the rick of her life ; and also by the demand for woman's right to higher education and to enter the professions. Notable names in this group were Emma Willard, Elizabeth Blackwell, Lydia M. Child, the Grinke sisters, Abby Kelly, Ernestine Rose, Margaret Fuller, Julia Ward Howe, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and many others. The Race was merged for a long period into the Anti-Slavery Society and the Temperance Cause, wherein many able women were allowed to speak as a favor, among them Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone and Antoinette Brown, who afterwards carried the Torch for the Enfranchisement of Women to the end of their lives. 39 A milestone marked the Race for Equality when the Anti-Slavery Convention in Philadelphia, in 1840, sustained Abby Kelly's claim for the right of women to a vote in committee. It was supported by many brilliant men but opposed by the clergy. In the World's Anti-Slavery Convention in London the same year, as notable a defeat was experienced by the women sent as delegates from American Societies, when Wendel Phillips' motion to admit all persons bearing credentials was defeated after many hours of debate. William Lloyd Garrison, delayed at sea, upon arrival, hearing that his countrywomen had been rejected, declined to take his seat and sat as a silent spectator in the galleries for the ten days of convention. Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, discredited delegates, then decided to call a "Woman's Rights Convention", for a full and free discussion of woman's rights and wrongs. This was not accomplished until July 19th and 20th, 1848, in Senaca Falls, New York. The Declaration of Sentiments and the accompanying Resolutions passed there, demanding all that the most radical friends have since demanded, was indeed a "Lighted Torch." The only Resolution not unanimously adopted was the right to vote, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Frederick Douglas persistently advocated that the vote was the right by which all the others could be secured. Miss Anthony says the part played by the women in the history of Anti-Slavery, which was initiative to the Woman's Suffrage Movement as such, shows "how much more enthusiasm women have manifested in securing freedom for the slaves than they ever have in demanding justice for themselves." For a period of twenty years the Suffrage Movement was marked by the growth of associations and clubs, the holding of Conventions, state and national, Legislative and Congressional hearings, and the presentation of the first "Memorial", which was sent out by Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton to every Legislature in the Country. It read: "whenever you remodel the Constitution of your State, the word 'male' shall be expurgated"; but it commanded little attention owing to the "John Brown Raids" and the eve of the Civil War. For the next five years no Suffrage Conventions were held. The Suffragists organized "Loyal Leagues" which "voiced the solemn lessons of war; liberty to all; national protection for every citizen under our flag; universal suffrage, and universal amnesty." "The noble deeds of a few representative women received no national recognition; Anna Ella Carroll who planned the campaign on the Tennessee, Clara Barton on the battlefield, Dorothea Dix in the hospital, Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell in the Sanitary Commission, Joephine Griffing in the Freedman's Bureau and the political triumphs of Anna Dickinson in the Republican Presidential campaign; but should ever be proudly remembered by their countrywomen." The Reconstruction Period of the Civil War was also the most thrilling period of the Suffrage Race during the 19th Century. Although the Republicans and Abolitionists had no desire to sacrifice the white women who had so loyally supported the Union, how to write the 14th Amendment without the word "male" was a serious question. Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton immediately sent a petition to Congress in which they urged constitutional obligation to "guarantee to every State in the Union a Republican form of government", and to "prohibit the States from disenfranchising any of its citizens on account of sex." Republicans claiming that "this is the black man's hour", repudiated suffrage as a party measure: the Democrats, for the first time, supported suffrage for women in opposition to the Republican policy. The suffragists accepted this help and were called "Copperheads." After weeks of bitter debates, and Committee hearings, the 14th Amendment defining a citizen for the first time, and containing the word "male", was adopted and in force in 1868. 40 Out of this withering experience, the suffragists emerged with a non-partisan policy, which they adhered to ever after, and a realization that the fight must be taken into the states where constitutional revision was possible. The first contest was lost in Kansas in 1867. Wyoming became a Territory with Woman Suffrage in 1869. Appeals of the suffragists to Congress urging the addition of the word "sex" in the 15th Amendment, which was designed to complete emancipation of the Negro male, failed. This made the passage of a Woman's Suffrage Amendment imperative. Iowa boasts of pioneer suffragists who raised the Torch as early as 1885, when Francis Dana Gage lectured through southern Iowa. Amelia Bloomer moved from New York where she had edited a newspaper, “The Lily,” to Council Bluffs in 1885, where she gave a series of lectures and for years helped to organize the state. Ann Dickinson lectured in Burlington in 1866 for the Republican party and woman’s suffrage. In the year 1868 clubs were organized in Dubuque, Davenport, Oskaloosa and other places had famous speakers from the east such as Lucretia Mott, Mary A. Livermore, Lucy Stone, Henry Blackwell, Miss Anthony, making over one hundred speeches in the state, Mrs. Stanton, Julia Ward Howe and others. The “Upper Des Moines”, a newspaper published in Algona by Lizzie Reed and Caroline Ingham, was an early suffrage organ. Anna C. Savery lectured in many Iowa cities and helped to organize the Polk County Suffrage Society in 1870. It maintained an active organization until the adoption of the 19th Amendment in 1920. Pioneers in this society, a few of them, were Mary J. Coggeshall, Eliza H. Hunter, Martha Callanan, Margaret Campbell, Maria Orwig, Laura Berry, Etta Kirk, the Breckenridge sisters, Mrs. S. S. Hunting, Mrs. Sam Green, Belle Bolton. The first State Convention was held in Des Moines in 1872 with Mrs. Bloomer as president, and it marked the beginning of organized effort to amend the Constitution by striking out the word “male’. The first legislative hearing in 1872 and an adverse vote, was the first defeat. Session after session these intrepid pioneers and their loyal followers appealed for justice; suffering victory and defeat, they had never a doubt but the day would come when some men would be just. The single-hearted devotion of the pioneers to this one cause has been of inestimable value to us who inherited the “Torch.” What glory now is ours, that regardless of sneers, abuse, ostracism and indifference of their own sex, they still kept an immense faith in the ability of women to stand as equals in all the walks of men! What glory--that they set their eyes upon the Goal of Freedom for all Women and by the very doggedness of their belief, with never one flagging step, instilled into the hearts of those younger women who stood on the edge of the Course, courage to grasp the Torch from falling hands and rush with glad and willing feet to this, “our hour”, when “women are free at last in all the land!” The course was smoother to our feet and the observers more hospitable; so we, the generation of the blest, “remember past days”! While we justify their faith in us by bearing the flaming Torch to light a cleaner, better world, Iowa women hope to erect a Suffrage Memorial upon the Capitol Grounds as an eternal reminder of our debt! The machinery for effectuating this purpose already exists. The first steps have been solemnly and irrevocably taken. The Iowa Suffrage Memorial Commission is incorporated and formally associated for the purpose with the Historical Department of Iowa. MARY ANKENY HUNTER. 41 CARRIE LANE CHAPMAN CATT "One of Iowa's Own Daughters!" —— *Carrie C. Lane, As She Looked in 1881 —— The record of her ancestors, goes back on her mother's side to Henry Clinton, born at Potsdam, N. Y., November 27, 1763, and the family was still living there at the time of Maria L. Clinton's marriage to Lucius L. Lane. Lucius Lane was born at Potsdam, N. Y., December, 1831, and Maria Clinton, his wife was born at the same place, November 17, 1833. After their marriage on January 9, 1855, they came west and settled at Ripon, Wisconsin, where two children were born to them Charles H. Lane, March 4, 1856, and Carrie Lane, January 9, 1859. In 1865 they moved to a farm in Floyd County, Iowa, a few miles from Charles City. Carrie Lane attended the district school near her home, which soon became known as the Lane District School. She was a quiet, studious child, very fond of reading, and was the champion speller of the district, not alone spelling all the words in the speller, but any taken at random from the dictionary. She fitted herself for High School very soon, and drove into Charles City every week. Here for a while she stayed at the home of Mr. Barnes, going home every Friday evening. She taught the Lane District School at the age of thirteen. She continued at the Charles City High School, going to school part of the time and part of the time she taught. Then she entered Ames and was graduated from the Iowa State College in 1880. Even at this time she was interested in Women's Rights, for very early in her life, as she herself tells, she realized the injustice done to women in regard to the vote, laws and many other conditions. From Ames, she went to Mason City and taught in the public schools, and in the issue of June 26th, 1884, of the Cerro Gordo Republican, we find: "Miss Carrie C. Lane, the efficient Principal of the Mason City High School system, has been selected by the 'Chicago Tribune' to write up the Alaska excursion which occurs during the coming vacation. The excursion will leave from Madison, Wisconsin, immediately upon the adjournment of the National Teachers' Convention and proceed to Alaska via the Northern Pacific Railroad and the steamship line from Portland, stopping at all points of interest, and will occupy about thirty days. Many of the leading educators of the nation are going to attend, and the result of their explorations and observations *Original Photograph Owned by Mrs. C. F. Mason, North English, Iowa. 42 will doubtless be of great interest to the scientific world, and also to the general reading public. "To do the difficult work assigned, Miss Lane is especially competent and her fine geographical, geological and scientific knowledge will come into good requisition in writing up the 'Great Unknown' country of the North, and making public property of its natural peculiarities and resources." During the years before her marriage, she was greatly interested in the temperance movement and became an active worker and lecturer. Here again she felt the need of women's votes to carry forward the work. About this time she wrote the life of Voltaire, which carried a great deal of comment. Later she became Superintendent of Floyd County Schools, which position she held at the time, February 12th, 1885, of her marriage to Mr. Leo Chapman, editor of the Mason City Republican. In the issue of Thursday, March 5th, 1885, of which both Leo and Carrie Chapman are cited as editors, we find the announcement of a new department called the "Woman's World." This article is imbued with the clear-cut ideals which she has always possessed. "It is the design of the 'Woman's World' to answer such objections as are urged against woman's suffrage, presenting one objection and its rebuttal each week. There is no means so appropriate to educate people in a reformatory movement as calm discussion. "It will be our pleasure to receive any objections or argument in favor of, or opposing the subject at issue from any one. It is not our desire to conceal any fact, or to underestimate any argument. To those who have either been indifferent to this reform, or who have rejected it altogether, we call your attention to these articles and ask that they shall be carefully read. If in any one case an answer shall appear not to be complete, any statement to that effect will be gladly received." Mr. Chapman went to California to locate, but very soon was taken sick and died before Mrs. Chapman could reach him. After his death, Mrs. Chapman remained in California, doing work for the temperance cause, writing for newspapers and magazines. During this time she wrote the paper, "America for Americans," her first real success. In later years she wrote to Edgar R. Harlan, Curator of Iowa State Historical Society, of herself: "I am in no sense an author. I have never written anything except scattered magazine and newspaper articles and pamphlets. It would be a misnomer to class me among Iowa authors. I have been a reformer and to reform has been given the entire work of a lifetime." She stayed in California until her marriage to Mr. Catt, in Seattle, in 1890. She was a most devoted daughter, and gave as much time as she could to her parents. In later years, after her father's death, she built a very nice house in Charles City for her mother, and saw to it that she had the best care and attention, and at the last gave up her work and stayed here until the end. She had a brother, Will, born in 1870, and while he was going to the Charles City High School, she went there and kept house for him until he was graduated. She appeared before a committee of pioneer members of the Polk County Suffrage Society and delivered an address on the suffrage question, and she was urged to enter the field for the cause, accepting a position as State Lecturer for the Iowa Woman Suffrage Association from 1890-1892. Iowa believes that few with Carrie Chapman Catt compare! The world of women rejoice in her useful years—which praise God, are not yet done! Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Stanton, Lucy Stone, and Frances Willard were among the leaders who handed the Torch to those willing followers who finally reached the Goal. It is impossible to list the names of the thousands of loyal workers in every state, but under the great inspiration of Carrie Chapman Catt, Alice Stone Blackwell, Anna Howard Shaw, and others too numerous to mention, the dramatic finale in the Legislature of Tennessee and the seal of the United States set upon the Nineteenth Amendment ends the greatest Torch Race modern women will ever see. MARY ANKENY HUNTER. 43 UNIVERSITY OF IOWA AND HUMAN WELFARE When the forefathers of this State organized the University of Iowa, February 25, 1847, for the education of their children and their children's children, they had in their minds an institution whose sole stock in trade was "service to humanity." How well this ideal has been realized can only be appreciated by a comparison of the early institution, housed in one building, the First Iowa State Capitol Building, 44 and the present status as the fastest-growing University in that group of ten Middle-West Universities known as the Western Conference. It may seem worthy of comment that the word "co-education" doth not appear in the catalogue of the University of Iowa. The fact of co-education is so thoroughly recognized and the practice so normal that it need not be mentioned as a policy. From the beginning women and men have been received and have been graduated on an even footing. Indeed, Iowa is said to be the first State University to admit women on this basis. Almost three thousand women are enrolled this year in all colleges of the University. There were, in that far-off first University, only such elementary courses installed as teachers in an early day would be apt to need; today, the University consists of a gradutae college, a college of liberal arts, a college of law, medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, applied science, education, library training, commerce and schools of nursing, public health nursing, music, a summer session, a Child Welfare Research Station and an Extension Division. Many of the University's activities are of a special interest to women. Foremost of these is the Child Welfare Research Station founded in 1917 by the General Assembly, through the influence of Mrs. Isaac Lea Hillis, chairman of the central committee of fourteen state organizations supporting the creation of such a station by state law. This is the first and thus far the only research station devoted to the study of the normal and superior child, and has already achieved some unique results. Through the College of Medicine and the University Hospital, the state offers free medical and hospital service in a remedial way to indigent children who are sick or crippled; one entire hospital has been erected for the care and treatment of children. Since this work began in 1915 nearly 20,000 state cases have been treated. Iowa legislation in this regard has come to be the model for the nation. The University has organized the third psychopathic hospital connected with any large medical college; its purpose is to take care of nervous patients on the border-line of mental disease, who are sent there for a longer period of observation and care with the hope of complete recovery and to avoid commitment to hospitals for more advanced mental disease. The University's College of Medicine, ranked by medical authorities as one of the leading institutions of the kind in the United States, promises to reach a still higher pinnacle through a gift of two and one-quarter million dollars from the Rockefeller Foundation, and the General Education Board. The state is asked to match this sum to make it available; the question is before the General Assembly now in session. Delegates to the League of Women Voters Convention are cordially invited to visit the University and to investigate these various activities. This article is contributed by the Iowa City Commercial Club. 45 IOWA STATE COLLEGE AND "LIVING COSTS" Carrie Chapman Catt's Alma Mater Our Honorary President No story of the development of education for women would be complete without a chapter on the contribution made by Iowa State College at Ames, the Alma Mater of Carrie Chapman Catt, the Honorary President of the National League of Women Voters. Of special significance is the fact that the founders especially dedicated it to women as well as men. Lieut. Gov. B. F. Gue, a suffragist, cast the deciding vote for co-education. The Division (or college) of Home Economics at Iowa State College comprises the largest college of home economics in this country. Its enrollment of young women in home economics courses exceeds 1,050. The present Division of Home Economics has grown out of the first collegiate work in home economics to be established among state institutions in this country. Classes of college grade in this subject were opened when the college was opened, in 1869, and there is no record of earlier instruction of this kind in the state institutions. There were 37 women in the first class of students to enter. In his inaugural address the president made a remarkable argument for equal rights and privileges for women in education; "women can never become accomplished and thoroughly educated women without a knowledge of the arts of housekeeping and a knowledge of the best methods of conducting every household occupation with system, intelligence and womanly grace." At the very beginning, the wife of the president, Mary B. Welch, only recently deceased, established instruction in domestic science. In order that she might teach more efficiently, she went to London to attend and study similar schools of instruction, and later she spent some time in study with Miss Parloa in New York. The training offered by the Division of Home Economics at Ames is divided into the following groups of studies: (1) General and cultural studies; (2) science — Dean Anna E. Richardson and Prof. E. L. Nouse of Ames Faculty, Speakers on Program, Conference of Living Costs, Monday, April 9, 2:30 p. m. 46 studies; (3) studies that prepare for teaching and for home relationships and larger social relationships; (4) technical studies in home economics, comprising instruction in applied art, household art, household science, household administration and institutional administration; (5) special training in home economics vocational education; (6) physical education; (7) graduate studies. The faculty of instruction numbers some seventy specialists in home economics subjects, as well as many teachers from other departments of the college. In the years since its founding this college has graduated women who have gone into many places of leadership in every field of endeavor that is open to women. Carrie Chapman Catt, for many years a suffrage leader and president of the international suffrage movement, is one of the more notable among them. Others are leaders in home economics education in many different college fields. They are in professional work where their training is a special asset. They are connected with newspapers and magazines. They are connected with business in many interesting relationships. Sooner or later, by far the greater number of Iowa State women become home makers and in their communities they are taking an ever increasing part in public affairs. Among the positions filled by home economics graduates are these: Home makers; professors and instructors in colleges, high schools and elementary schools; dietitians in hospitals and hotels; nutrition field workers; tea room and cafeteria managers; designers; staff members of women's magazines, farm journals and newspapers; textile chemists; demonstrators; county demonstration agents; play ground supervisors; physical directors; food and sanitary inspectors; social service workers; Y. W. C. A. secretaries; house furnishing experts; managers or owners of dressmaking, millinery or women's and children's furnishing establishments; educational missionaries; institution managers; interior decorators; public health workers; laboratory assistants. Student life for women is well rounded at Iowa State College. Many kinds of college activities are open to them. Social conditions are wholesome and democracy and service are the strongest traditions of the campus. All freshmen women are housed in dormitories, as are many of the sophomores and upper classwomen. Upper classwomen may, upon invitation, live in one of the ten or more women's sorority houses near the campus. To the delegates attending the convention Iowa State College extends a cordial invitation to the National League of Women Voters to visit its campus. Contributed by Ames Commercial Club. 47 IOWA STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE AND "EDUCATED CITIZENSHIP" Stronger than mountains, yet tender as dew, is Iowa's love for her children. Her boys and her girls, of all her crops, fill her with the greatest pride. For them, no sacrifice is too great, no aspiration too high. All "the learning of the Egyptians;" all the wisdom, the lore, and the sagas of the ages; all the arts and trades of man; all the truth of the highest Heavens above and of the deepest rocks below; must be laid clear and inviting before the eyes—not only of a few, but of all. What the State gives its children today determines what the State will be tomorrow. In this, at least, will the present generation be immortal. In charge of this sublime mission are the teachers of the Iowa Public Schools. The torch of all progress is theirs. That they may better equip themselves for their high calling, the State maintains at Cedar Fills, the Iowa State Teachers College, which is one of the best-directed institutions of its kind in America. For nearly half a century, its destinies have been largely directed by President Homer H. Seerley, affectionately known by thousands of his students as "The Grand Old Man of Iowa." Like other great leaders in education, he has the magic gift of a personality, which inspires youth with love for the achievements of character. The many able and devoted men and women, with whom he has surrounded himself, have abundantly contributed to the same purpose. Already, the Iowa State Teachers College has directly and indirectly touched the lives of millions. It is constantly searching out new paths of service. For the thousands of Iowa teachers, who cannot attend its teeming halls, during the regular school year, it maintains a Summer School and Extension Courses. Special instructors go out over the entire State, throughout the school months, to assist 48 public school teachers at work in attaining the best knowledge and the best methods of teaching. The spirit of such an institution is inevitably reflected in its students. Probably no student body anywhere is more deeply imbued with the spirit of personal and professional helpfulness. It is not surprising that religious feeling here should be above the average and moral standards unusually high. Its graduates go out with a deep sense of responsibility, not only to their profession, but to the State. They go not merely to impart facts, but to teach life. In all the classrooms of the college, as well as in all the teaching of the State, the rights and duties of citizenship are stressed. Under the law of this State, every child must be instructed as to the provisions of the State and National Constitutions, not later than the Eighth Grade. Iowa is proud of her Teachers College. It appreciates the place it fills in the educational field. But most of all, it is grateful for what it is doing to develop its finest contribution to humanity—its laughing, lovable, star-seeking childhood and youth, "for of such is the Kingdom of Heaven." ——— For those rare souls, who love figures, we offer these, relating to the Iowa State Teachers College, for the year 1921-1922: Faculty members. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 Students enrolled, without duplicate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,406 Graduates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 Students in Extension and Correspondence Courses . . . . 1,064 Extension Courses: Number of counties served. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Number of meetings held. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 Aggregate attendance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,102 Attendance of teachers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,983 Average attendance per meeting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Casper Schenk. Contributed by Iowa State Teachers Association. 49 IOWA STATE CAPITOL Des Moines prides itself on its public buildings: The stately capitol building overlooking the city is surrounded by eighty acres of ground which has been purchased and improved by the state of Iowa at a cost of more than two million dollars. Its interior is richly decorated with historic paintings and mosaics and is most interesting to visitors, as is the state Historical Building near by with its extensive art gallery and museum. Visitors are welcome at all times. 50 DRAKE UNIVERSITY MUNICIPAL OBSERVATORY On one of the highest points in the city of Des Moines, in the midst of beautiful Waveland Park, stands the Drake University Municipal Observatory, one of the first of its kind in the United States. In the entrance rotunda, just under the telescope room is a bronze tablet bearing this inscription: "This observatory is dedicated to Daniel Walter Morehouse, Ph. D., astronomer and physicist of Drake University, a tribute to his tireless efforts and eminent success in bringing to the people the beauty and dignity of astronomy." 51 "LEST WE FORGET" MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY 52 ——— THREE CONCERTS THREE HOYT SHERMAN THEATER THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 12 Thurlow Lieurance and Company in SONGS, STORIES AND LEGENDS OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN THURSDAY, MAT. 4 o'clock GUY MAIER in his celebrated "Concert for Young People" APRIL 12th FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL 13 G U Y Maier & L E E Pattison in their inimitable concert for two pianos Procure tickets for these concerts of Chase & West's, 312 8th St. Geo. F. Ogden, Mgr. ——— ——— "Say It With Flowers" FROM SHOPS FLORAL CO. East of Convention Headquarters Phone Walnut 3142 ——— ——— Shops Piazza Shops Building The Beauty Spot of Des Moines Luncheon and Soda Grill Afternoon Teas Private Dining Rooms ——— 52 DR. DELLA B. CALDWELL Osteopathic Physician Office Phone Market 1030 303 Flynn Bldg. While in Des Moines Visit Iowa's Leading Confectionery SKONDRAS Fancy Ice Creams, Candies and Lunches 313 6th Ave. Where Good Books Are Sold Most visitors to Des Moines find our book shop a good place to spend a half hour or so during their stay. We welcome browsers, and try to provide a good place to browse. Riker's 302 EIGHTH ST. DES MOINES The Metcalfe Co. Des Moines' Exclusive Style Shop 519 Grand Ave. Phone Wal. 3094 HARPER METHOD HAIR AND SCALP TREATMENT Shampooing, Facial Massage, Manicuring Telephone Walnut 3305 506 Old Colony Building, 10th and Grand The S. & L. Sandwich Shops Waffles at All Hours Food that touches— Your heart, Not— Your pocketbook. 826 Walnut 407 7th St. MARGARET FOSTER Party Favor and Gift Shop Most Complete Display in the City 207 Kraft Bldg. Telephone Market 1980 DR. R. U. WILKINSON Surgical Chiropodist and Shoe Specialist Scientific Treatment of Diseases of the Feet 212 Kraft Bldg. Phone Market 1876 "Where Des Moines Eats" GREEN MILL CAFETERIA 713 Locust Street The Good Food Center The Triple Magnet Good Food Attentive Service Fair Prices BETTY JANE Cafeteria Cor. 6th and Locust K. P. Block While in Des Moines Visit Our Cafeterias Complimentary Coffee Service 54 SHOPS BUILDING Iowa League of Women Voters Headquarters 507 Shops Monthly Bulletin 50c per Year QUILL SHOP Unusual Stationery and Individual Greeting Cards 308 SHOPS BUILDING J. J. Bittle J. W. Russell The MASTER CRAFTSMEN DESIGNERS AND MANUFACTURERS PLATINUM AND GOLD JEWELRY EXCLUSIVE SALE OF SPECIALLY DESIGNED SOUVENIRS FOR LEAGUE OF WOMEN FOR SALE ONLY AT 208 Shops Bldg. MRS> EVA A. DUNN Beauty Parlor Phone Walnut 2267 407 Shops Building Dr. Mary Golden Sheehy Osteopathic Physician New Location 512 SHOPS BUILDING Market 1748 The Minelle Hat Shop High Class Exclusive Millinery Consult Suite 506 Shops Miss M. L. Handkins Des Moines Bullard Optical Co., Inc. Try Our Service 806 WALNUT STREET CORSET SHOP 207 SHOPS Walnut 1240 The Little Craft Shop "The House of Gifts" Party Specialists Gifts Distinctive 808 Walnut Street Mrs. G. C. Lemley Phone Wal. 3479 Res. Phone Maple 2189 DR. WALTER L. NUTT SURGICAL CHIROPODIST REGISTERED PODIATRIST Office 312 "Shops" Des Moines, Iowa VIAVI Nature's Way to Health 405 Shops Walnut 3554 55 ——— SERVICE THAT SATISFIES AT Commercial Savings Bank N. W. Corner Fifth and Locust Sts. Story & Clark Pianos Established 1837 DEWITT JONES PIANOS 819 Walnut St. Des Moines Flynn Perfectly Pasteurized Milk Is Safe Pasteurization provides the only adequate safeguard for your milk supply under city conditions. Most Des Moines people prefer Flynn Milk because experience has taught them that it is always pure, wholesome and the cheapest food obtainable. The Model Dairy of the Middle West Visitors are cordially invited to inspect the bacteriological laboratory, pasteurizing and bottling, cooling rooms, ice cream department and other interesting sections of this complete plant. The Flynn Dairy Company SEVENTH AND UNIVERSITY PHONE MARKET 1046 Millions of sun-kissed flowers have yielded their perfumed hearts to make Armand Powder the fragrant thing you so enjoy, and its fineness and softness give to your skin the look of a creamy rose petal. Used according to directions it spreads thickly and evenly and blends invisibly into the flesh tones. It has a clinging power which defies the heat and most boisterous winds that blow. Pink and white and dainty as your own dressing table, the package is a lovely decorative note for your boudoir. Armand Cold Cream Powder—in fine exquisite odors and five different shades, $1.00 to $10.00. Large Compacte—beautiful gold lacquer box with large mirror and puff—$1.00 ARMAND COLD CREAM POWDER DES MOINES Open Day and Night Popular Prices WEST END COFFEE SHOPPE The Handy Car Corner 19th and Ingersoll Ave. For Reservation—Drake 948-W All the Late Popular Records First and 15th of Each Month CHASE & WEST Headquarters for Victrolas and Cheneys The Only Place in Des Moines Where You Can Buy the Cheney Iowa's Leading Leather Shop Likly Luggage Co 707 LOCUST STREET Des Moines, Iowa ——— 56 MISS DUSTAN SHOP OF TREASURES OLD AND NEW Rawson Building Second Floor No. 805 Locust Street Des Moines, Iowa Colonial Handicrafts, Pottery, Venetian and Lustre Glass, Linens, Weavings, Boxes, Baskets, Bags, Batik Scarfs and George T. Plowman's Etchings. Telephone Market 3958 J. S. WILSON FLORAL CO. WILSON'S FOR FLOWERS Des Moines' Leading Florists ALPHA FLORAL CO. THE FLOWER SHOP Miss Swaine's Lingerie Shop Made-to-Order Lingerie and Negligee 805 1/2 Locust Suite 2 Des Moines Rent a New Ford Co. DRIVE IT YOURSELF All New Cars TELEPHONE MARKET 2023 406 Grand Ave. ORPHEUM THEATRE ORPHEUM CIRCUIT VAUDEVILLE FIVE ALL STAR ORPHEUM ACTS AND FEATURE PICTURE SUMMER PRICES Week Day Matinees- - - - - - - - - 22c Sunday Matinees- - - - - - - - - - 45c Week Day Nights- - - - - - - - - - 45c Saturday and Sunday- - - - - - - - 50c Children- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13c Plus U. S. Tax MRS. J. B. REEVE Real Estate Office 212 Securities Building Office Walnut 1196 Residence Red 1555 COURTRIGHT Photographer 304 Shops Building Distinctive Portraiture An element of unusual strength - - - our Savings Department has been part of the National Bank for forty-two years. THE DES MOINES NATIONAL BANK The White Bank at Sixth and Walnut Streets 57 "Our Thank-Yous" The Iowa League of Women Voters desires to express sincere appreciation for the splendid co-operation extended by the men and women of Iowa and Des Moines, as individuals and organized groups, for the purpose of successfully staging the Fourth Annual Convention of the National League of Women Voters. Nellie Gregg Tomlinson - (Mrs. I. H.). President of the Iowa League. The Program and Finance Committees are very grateful to the business men and women of Des Moines and elsewhere, whose advertisements appear herein; and to the individuals who have so generously contributed toward the expense of this publication. Mrs. Fred H. Hunter, Chairman of Program Committee. Mrs. Clark E. Daniels, Chairman of Finance Committee. Mrs. Gordon L. Elliott, Vice Chairman of Finance Committee. Mrs. Winifred Howell Sterns. Mrs. Robertson G. Hunter. 58 J. Mandelbaum & Sons Where Lasting Satisfaction Follows Every Transaction Dry Goods Ready-to-Wear Apparel Millinery Dress Accessories Art Needle Work Rugs, Draperies. National League of Women Voters This Store Extends A Hearty Welcome It is a part of Mandelbaum service to extend the same warm welcome to everyone - to those who come to look as well as those who come to buy. As visitors in our city you, of course, will want to visit the stores - to see them - to compare them with those of your home city. We are always pleased to welcome such visitors. Any and all Des Moines women whom you meet will commend this store to you. They will tell you that for the things you may need to buy while here, and for gift things to take to those at home, Mandelbaum's is the place to buy. The reputation and prestige of this store have been built upon the sale of quality merchandise. -Established 1864- Banking Service for Today and Tomorrow YOUR banking needs of tomorrow may not be those of today—therefore, would it not be wise to anticipate growth by connecting your business with an institution which is both strong and experienced enough not only to meet your present needs but also to handle your future business? The "CENTRAL STATE" is such an institution. Our customers receive the full benefit of our wide banking facilities, ample resources as well as advice and information based upon the experience of a responsible organization. Central State Bank OF DES MOINES Banking, Trusts and Investments, Safe Deposit Vaults MEMBER FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM National League Delegates We hope your stay in our city will be a pleasant one. We invite you, especially those familiar with Chiropractic, to visit us. Have You Observed That those who give Chiropractic the chance it deserves invariably recommend it to friends? We Invite You To learn more about this splendid Health Method—To begin taking Chiropractic Adjustments now. JULANDER & JULANDER Doctors of Chiropractic Tenth Year in Des Moines Suite 310-312 Good Block N. W. Cor. Fifth and Walnut CHIROPRACTIC STIMULATES BUSINESS ABILITY!!! Law Enforcement Resolution (Forwarded to Secretary, Miss Elizabeth Hauser, February 17th. Acknowledged February 20th. Full and fair consideration promised). We the delegates to the third annual meeting of the National League of Women Voters do hereby desire to reaffirm our loyalty to the Constitution of the United States as the supreme and binding law of a self-governing people. We urge our women to vote for officials who can be depended on to hold sacred their oaths of office to uphold all law, and in view of certain organized efforts to break down our prohibition law we especially emphasize at the crucial period of our history a thorough-going enforcement of the Eighteenth Amendment, and the laws enacted by Congress and the states to enforce it. Proposed Substitute for Article XIV, Sections 1 and 2. Forwarded to the Secretary, Miss Elizabeth Hauser, February 14th. Acknowledged February 20th. Printed in Proposed Amendments to By-Laws. Mrs. Elliott Cheatham to handle proposed amendments to by-laws. Section 1. All resolutions shall be presented to the secretary of the Convention by the close of the session on the second day. These resolutions shall be considered by the Standing Committee to whose work the subject of the resolution is most closely related, and those endorsed by such Standing Committee shallbe passed upon by the Executive Committee [?????] of the National League of Women Voters. Upon the approval of the Executive Committee they shall be presented to the Convention 24 hours before the delegates vote upon them. If the subject matter of a resolution does not realte to the work of any Standing Committee, the Executive Committee shall determine whether it shall be presented to the Convention. At the time of the reading of the resolutions recommended other resolutions may be presented from the floor of the Convention, if upon the designation of the subject matter two-thirds of the delegates vote to allow the presentation of such resolution. Statement Regarding the Continuance of the Standing Committees The Board of the Illinois League of Women Voters believes that the continuance of the Standing Committee in the program of the National and State Leagues is absolutely necessary, and submits to you as a basis for its conviction, the following reasons: - 1. Since the purpose of government is to enable people to live together, to work together and to progress together, government has become the greatest organized power for public welfare. There are, however, many fields of public welfare stilloutside "still outside" of government. Experiment in these fields will therefore be indefinitely continued under private or semi-private auspicies , which may or may not become a part of government. Until they do, they are not within the scope of the Efficiency in Government Department. 2. The Standing Committee of the League are properly survey groups in the field of public need. It is only be first-hand contact with the problems considered by these committees that the individual's interest is awakened and held, and the real need of a Department of Efficiency in Government is sensed. The person who discovers, for instance, that the education of a child is being curtailed, either through the carelessness or ignorance of a public official or through some fault in the state law, is at once quickened to remedy the situation by political action. 3. To keep in constant touch with actualities, will of necessity make the work of the Efficiency in Government Department practical rather than theoretical. With efficiency in government - the study of basic law, of elections and administration as the SOLE OBJECTIVE of the League - the League's work would soon become a skeleton with the life blood gone, or a mind without the inspiration of a soul. 4. The League of Women Voters as an organization cannot always accept without question the programs of specialized welfare organizations even at the point at which they touch legislation or the administration of public officials. [*It must make its own investigations and be responsible for its own contribution to legislation promoting community progress.*] The test of effective democratic government is found in the faithfulness and skill with which laws are administered. To discover and set forth standards of administration is unquestionably one of the most valuable function which the League can perform. 5. In answer to the fear sometimes expressed of duplication of effort, it may well be said that even with all of the civic and welfare organizations at work today, only a small fraction of the women in the United States have any sense of the real needs in the fields of social and political welfare. To conclude, - the Board of Directors of the Illinois League of Women Voters believes that the Efficiency in Government Department may well be called the mill, for the grist which the Standing Committees supply. Stencil No. 4. PLAN OF WORK Modified by suggestions from State Presidents. Administration. I. The general activities of the Washington headquarters. II. The secretary's office. III. The treasurer's office. IV. Publicity. 1. Dissemination of live news. 2. Special work with periodicals and feature pages of newspapers. 3. Preparation and distribution of material for the use and state press chairmen. 4. Preparation of material for publication in general magazines, giving the league regular space. 5. Publications. FIELD ORGANIZATIONS. I. Central office at the Washington headquarters. II. The work of regional directors. III. The work of national organizers. IV. The Speakers' Bureau. PROGRAM. ------- To increase the number of efficient voting citizens. I. Education in Government and Politics. II. Standards, Legislation, and Law Enforcement. A. Efficient Government 1. Methods of Nomination. 2. Election Laws. 3. Administration of national, state, and local governments. 4. Legislative bodies. (And other committees as needed.) B. Public Welfare in Government 1. Child Welfare. 2. Education. 3. Living Costs. 4. Social Hygiene. 5. Uniform laws concerning women. 6. Women in Industry. III. International cooperation to prevent war. Stencil #24 -2- TENTATIVE BUDGET National League of Women Voters, 1923-24 TOPICAL SUMMARY WASHINGTON HEADQUARTERS $9,607.50 ORGANIZATION DEPARTMENT 24,422.50 REGIONAL DIRECTORS 6,000.00 SPEAKERS BUREAU 4,500.00 EDUCATION & STANDARDS FOR EFFICIENT GOVERNMENT 21,000.00 AND PUBLIC WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION TO 7,510.00 PREVENT WAR LEGISLATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT--Federal & State 12,732.50 PUBLICITY 12,492.50 PUBLICATIONS ---General 3,685.00 TREASURER'S OFFICE 9,470.00 SECRETARY'S OFFICE 1,280.00 BOARD MEETINGS (Travel) 3,500.00 NATIONAL CONVENTION 6,500.00 LEGAL SERVICES 500.00 TRAVEL TO I.W.S.A. 1,000.00 EMERGENCY 2,300.00 $126,500.00 Transcribed and reviewed by contributors participating in the By The People project at crowd.loc.gov.