Harned/Whitman       Notes & Memoranda        On Russia       (1. C. 75)
Box 2  Folder 2 *75 (Notes on Russia) Six holograph scraps and leaves, some pasted
together, written in pencil and ink on lined paper, and ranging in size from
6 x 19 to 25 x 19 cm.

Russia - 
[Oh] Toward the North the Arctic
Ocean - a bleak climate 
nine or ten months 
ice
[Oh] Toward the [East] West [the] 

Baltic, yes but Russia
cannot [even] pass out of 
the Baltic without the
good leave of Prussia
Denmark & 
Sweden
Then the Baltic is impassable 
with ice, many months of the year
Black (Crimea) - Just the same as 
she cannot pass
[of] out of the Black 
Sea without the leave 
of Turkey
Toward the [w] East [the]
a narrow strip of the north 
Pacific - the Sea of Okhotsk
and to the South land-bound 
in western parts by [yet] Austria, Prussia, Turkey, &c
& her Asiatic territories 
by China, &c

576Education - every effort is made
for education - the whole 
country is divided off into
university districts in each
of which is a university

Society - manners - From the time
of Peter the Great, the policy
of the Emperors has been to 
form a great middle class
 - for the fact is or rather has 
been that there were only 
two extreme classes in Russia,
the haughty wilful cruel 
nobility, & the slavish masses 
the people - the serfs have 
been freed & now trade
trade,  intersom numeration
with the world in all
that is needed
[**577**]Russia
- see "Karamzin"
the greatest of Russian Historians
born 1785    p 52 vol. 13
get his History of Russia

Area - doubles the superfaces of
Europe - nearly 7 1/2 millions
square miles - more than
twice as large as the
United States - 2,000,000 sq. miles
in Europe
the rest in Asia
population - 80,000,000
(67 1/2 million in 1850)
-Caucasian element
very large - germans
                      sclaves
                      poles
                      tartass
                      greeks
                      Jews
Mongolian
i.e. Calmuck tartars
in the T. C. Steppes
in Asia
most of the sea trade is with
England & the U. S. 
but the inland trade is most
important & very extensive -
[**579**]