>> From the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. [ Pause ] >> Nicholas A. Brown: Hi, everyone. My name is Nicholas Brown, and I'm a music specialist and concert producer here at the Library of Congress. It's my great pleasure to present to you Pontus Lidberg, who is an acclaimed Swedish choreographer, and the Library of Congress and Martha Graham Dance Company have co-commissioned Pontus' new creation "Woodland", which is a dance for the Martha Graham Dance Company, and "Woodland" is set to music by American composer Irving Fine. So, Pontus, welcome. Thank you so much for being here - >> Pontus Lidberg: Thank you. I'm very happy to be here, thank you - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Great. And so can you tell us a little bit about your background. When did you start dancing, and do you have any training in music or other forms of - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yes. I came from a family that was very interested in the arts in general. My mother more so in the performing arts, and my father more perhaps in literature and architecture, but I was exposed to everything. And then one day my parents took me, I was four years old, to a ballet performance, and I said that I wanted to do that, and the, obviously, at four years old, you don't know anything, but I had some intuitive sense that I wanted to dance, and so I did, and I actually never stopped. It just kind of fed into my education at the Royal Swedish Ballet School that started at ten, and then I, after nine years, I started working. So, you know, it's been a continuous journey from four years old, but I also played the piano. I have training in piano, and around the age of ten, I had to make a choice if I was going to pursue music or dance, and actually that was not so easy. It was more chance that made one, you know, that. Let me say that again. It was more by chance that I chose dance. It had to do with the audition for the academy of music was on a Sunday. It was dark in the winter. I was alone with teacher or something in a room singing and playing, and the audition for the Royal Swedish Ballet School was on a Thursday, and there was lots of people and very dynamic and people in the corridors, and seemed like an exciting place. Honestly, as I remembered it, it was more because of that that I chose dance - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Really. That's interesting. And with your dance studies, did you go beyond the Royal Swedish Ballet. I know you've had some training in Martha Graham. Was that at the Royal Swedish Ballet - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yes. So the first contemporary dance training that I had at the Royal Swedish Ballet School, which was a classical ballet training, but to expose all the students to contemporary dance, there were various forms of contemporary training as well, and the first one was Graham technique, but that was a long time ago - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Oh, yeah, no - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yeah. >> Nicholas A. Brown: And what other contemporary techniques did you study - >> Pontus Lidberg: And then I was exposed to many others, and it's interesting because in classical ballet, there are, of course, styles of training, but, I mean, in essence, it's the same thing, but in contemporary dance, it's not really the case. Martha was one of the few who really codified a technique, and then others have done it, too, but it's kind of more following the style and ideas of a person as opposed to a technique that is universally accepted. And so we had release technique, and we had other kinds of training, but it's not really comparable I think to classical technique training. >> Nicholas A. Brown: And is there any specific production or memory from, say, your teenage years and your dance training that really formed who you are today as an artist? Or any specific teacher that you worked with? >> Pontus Lidberg: What comes to mind, and I guess intuition, you know, what I, what comes to mind is actually some of the travels I did in the summer. So at the age of 13 onwards, more or less, every summer there would be some training travel because, of course, the layoff period in the school year was more than two months, and that's too long not to train. So I started going to ballet seminars or camps or guest studies at different schools internationally, and some of those were eye openers to me because when you're part of a small context in Stockholm at the Royal Swedish Ballet School, it's very small. You know, there's, you have your, you know, seven co-students, and you have your teachers, and every day's the same, and it's very formalized and rigid, and that's what you do, and then you go out into the world, and there are different kinds of styles and emphasis and training and students and, that was eye opening for me, and there were many actually. One in particular is I spent one summer semester at the National Ballet School of Canada in Toronto, and that was an eye opener because I felt like I saw different aspects of my dancing, and other people saw that and reflected it back to me, and that was very important. >> Nicholas A. Brown: At what point did you start choreographing? >> Pontus Lidberg: I started as soon as I had an opportunity, to be honest. Even I was I suppose 11 or something. Because there were school concerts throughout the year, and there was one in particular before Christmas where students were given the opportunity to create or to perform a solo. It was a little bit more informal maybe than the other concerts, and I started creating for that. So I would say as soon as there was an opportunity to choreograph, I would take it in school. And then as a dancer, it became clear pretty quickly that actually creating dance was more aligned with what I wanted from the art form. I like performing, but what is necessary is to be creative. >> Nicholas A. Brown: And with your choreography, do you approach working with ensembles differently than with soloists or pairs - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yes. Ooh, it's so different. A recent work, I had 45 dancers in it, and - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Wow - >> Pontus Lidberg: And another, other pieces. Actually, I prefer to do intimate pieces because I think that my, one of my strengths is to draw out things from individuals, and you can't do that with huge groups. You kind of have to step back and look at the overall picture, and it's almost more like organizing, and. So, I mean, I like doing both, but I do prefer working intimately with people because it's just more rewarding. Yeah - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah. Do you find there's a difference in the way you choreograph when it's an independent project that you're doing with your, under the umbrella Pontus Lidberg dance versus working with an established company that has a very set profile - at least to the public - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yeah. I'm adaptable in that way, and I like to meet contexts that inform me because it's a dialogue. So I, I'm not the kind of choreographer that arrives and then posts something regardless of where I am, but rather I like to first have a feel for what kind of dancers and people am I working with, and what does that reflect, you know, in my work, and what can we do together. Basically, as a young choreographer, I was more interested in creating my own steps, my own choreography, my own sequences and so on, and I did that, but after a while, I thought that, I started to understand that, in fact, there is more to find when you start collaborating with people, and I like the conversational aspect of creating. So I prefer that now. And, of course, some companies do have a very strong identity, like this one, for example, and that's very nice for me because it means that I get information that I wouldn't be able to have otherwise. It's, it enriches me, and then from that information, I give back, you know. So I, it's really conversational. I will give an impetus to something, and then the dancers will reflect back to me, and then I take that and guide it onwards. >> Nicholas A. Brown: I mean, if we think about the "Woodland" project specifically, what was your process of selecting the piece that you wanted to work with, and then also how has the work evolved from the very first conceptual meetings or sessions where you were thinking through things versus the first rehearsals to now? >> Pontus Lidberg: Well, so first, I started listening to a music selection and just getting familiar with this composer and what, by the way, whose music is rather varied. But I, it took a little bit of searching because initially I was considering working conceptually, which is something I sometimes do, meaning I will have an idea, and then I will find the elements that all work together to make this idea visible or to work together to create this work. But I found that Irving Fine's music, and especially the piece that I ended up choosing, I actually chose another piece first of the first one that I chose was "Serious Song" for strings, and I was sure that that was going to be there because I was, like, this is wonderful, and this needs to be choreographed, but I found it very difficult to pair something with it. And it was, like, standalone and too short a section, yeah. So I changed my mind, but the more I worked with the music, the more I kind of understood that actually superimposing a concept on this is not going to work out very well. I have to change my point of entry and work with the music and just kind of listen to what it's saying, which is something I also do sometimes. It's not new for me at all, but it's just a different kind of entry to the piece. So that's what I started doing. I was just writing down little things I heard in the music freely, and, like, gathering material that way. At the same time, I started rehearsing with dancers, or started to created, and that was the first time I had worked with these dancers, and as I mentioned, they are particular. They have a style. They have a kind of an expression that is practiced. So I started just throwing material at them to see what they would reflect back, and we tried, then to rehearsing that material with the music and see how that work together. So in the beginning I was very open, like, to just see what my material, these dancers, and this music, what would that, what is that. And then I started to kind of, like, more specifically tease out what the piece would be. But I stayed with the, with a basic, the fundamental idea for the pieces that I have created something to the music. It's really the music that inform the piece. >> Nicholas A. Brown: Great. What specifically about Fine's music, like whether rhythm or harmonies really lends itself to being set to dance? >> Pontus Lidberg: Well, one of the challenges that I've found, and which I hope that have delivered, we'll see I suppose tonight, is that I, as I heard the request was to work with the music of Irving Fine, who is no longer alive, but to create a contemporary work with his music. So that's, meaning taking mid-century music essentially and creating a contemporary work. And I, that is not super easy - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah, I bet - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yeah. Because his music is particular. I've, in my ears, especially in the, at first, you know, the first time you hear it, I'm, I was, like, this is American mid-century music - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah. >> Pontus Lidberg: So that's what, it's very specific, and so for, I also considered visually, I was, like, should I maybe go there. Should I create something in century? But, which I did not end up doing. But I think his music is very sophisticated. It has a lot of detail. It has a lot of interesting kind of turns. It's not, like a lot of music nowadays that choreographers like to us, me included sometimes, not always, is more, like, a landscape that continues for a long time. I would say, like, Philip Glass is a good example that a lot of people know. I mean, it continues similarly for long time. Changes a little bit, but it's more, like, a, you know, highway or something - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah. >> Pontus Lidberg: Whereas Irving Fine's music is not that. There is an idea that lasts for seven seconds, and then it goes somewhere else, you know. It's very rich in that way. So that's something I had to also adapt to. There's, like, split second moments that then dissolve into the next thing, but that's also fun and interesting to do choreographically. So I've, I kind of, I've created in that way. It's not very long sequences of things that go on for a long time, but rather they change quickly. It's very beautiful. It's, I mean, it's very, it has very beautiful melody and very beautiful harmony. Yeah, so, I mean, that's always wonderful for dance. I, as I see, dance is a, dance is really a synergy of many art forms because it's the visual aspects, it's the movement aspect, it's the what you hear. It's also can be theater, what you're narrating if that's happening. There's a lot of things going on. So, of course, the music being beautiful is very nice - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yes. How did you arrive the title of "Woodland"? Is there some kind of narrative that you come to associate with the piece? >> Pontus Lidberg: Yeah. It, it's a title that shouldn't be taken too literally because it's not about anything, really, but, again, as I was creating this, and I, as I was watching my own rehearsals, one of the things that I see in the piece is that it's a little bit like watching nature or being in the forest and watching, just sitting down, still, and watching what's unfolding around you, and, for example, and this is not literal, but, for example, there is a fox walks through the woods, or a bird arrives, it sits on a branch for a little while and then flies away, and it doesn't mean anything, yet, it can be very meaningful actually just to watch these things unfold. So the idea of a forest was, like, one of the first words that I came up with, but then woodland is also an adjective of the woods. So I, that's how I chose the title. The other connotation is being lost in the woods. There's kind of an air of young adults or children, not literally children, but being lost in the woods and finding their way. >> Nicholas A. Brown: Neat. Very cool, and how would you say the process was like working with the designers to realize the costumes and to sort of bring the vision of the, you know, multiple aspects together - >> Pontus Lidberg: So they came in later in the process, which when there was already quite a lot of material, and these ideas were already there. So they designed things that are inspired by both children and animals and young adult, all of it together, and. Yeah. So that happens later in the process. >> Nicholas A. Brown: And what is it like to be paired with Copland and the Barber and the Chávez on this program - >> Pontus Lidberg: Well, it's a tall order. I mean, obviously, I-- one always tries to make the best and most thoughtful work possible in any given circumstance, and. My, what I appreciate most from this creation has been working with the dancers because they have been very generous, and, like, they have contributed a lot to this. So that's something I very much appreciate. Obviously, I think part of the, part of the challenge for me being given a composer to work with who I can't talk to means that I have, I'm actually given, like, a set work, you know. I could choose to work, but, nevertheless, it's a work that already exists, and that those, that framework is already there, which is different to coming up with the concept or a story or a theme or a, like, from the beginning and then have the music and the dance kind of be created towards the same goal. So, basically, I, yeah, it's a different kind of piece than "Appalachian Spring " for example - >> Nicholas A. Brown: I'm sure - >> Pontus Lidberg: You know, it can't be compared. It's a different, it, the way of it coming about is very different. It's, you know. >> Nicholas A. Brown: Do you know the story of how the title came to be for "Appalachian Spring" - >> Pontus Lidberg: No - >> Nicholas A. Brown: So Copland just wrote it as a ballet for Martha. He didn't have the associations with all of the sort of American folk culture that we have - >> Pontus Lidberg: Right - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Now - >> Pontus Lidberg: Right - >> Nicholas A. Brown: And Martha at a certain point associated with the music with this poem by Hart Crane, and where it says Appalachian Spring in there as one of the lines. And she hadn't even titled it until very, very late, and the chief of the music division at the time had been writing to her through Erick Hawkins, which she wasn't responding to letters saying we need a title more than "Ballet for Martha" for the press release for the performance - >> Pontus Lidberg: Right - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Which was within three, four weeks already at that - >> Pontus Lidberg: Wow - >> Nicholas A. Brown: And it became this thing that is so nationalistic and populist - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yes - >> Nicholas A. Brown: When that was not the intention at all. Which - >> Pontus Lidberg: Right - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Is kind of interesting - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yeah. Well, that says something about Martha, I suppose, also, because, I mean, one never knows, you know. Like, looking back, you can see what things meant, you know, in the. But, I mean, she was creating history for a while, but at some point, I'm sure that nobody knew that that was happening - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah. And it almost didn't happen - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yeah - >> Nicholas A. Brown: They had delays from 1942 is when they first started talking about the project. Martha was late to get the original scenario to Copland, and Copland was doing a film score. So he couldn't work on it, and then - >> Pontus Lidberg: Right - >> Nicholas A. Brown: They had to decide the second composer, who was eventually Chávez - >> Pontus Lidberg: Right - >> Nicholas A. Brown: And Chávez was incommunicado most of the time, wouldn't send anything back, didn't meet his deadlines. It was supposed to originally be in 1943 to premiere, then it got pushed to the fall of '43, spring of '44, and then finally to fall of '44, which - >> Pontus Lidberg: Wow - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Really interesting. I'm glad we didn't have those delays with [multiple speakers] - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yeah, definitely - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Do foresee "Woodland" having more performances beyond this initial run with the Graham Company? Will you ever mount it in Sweden, for example, or in Europe - >> Pontus Lidberg: Well, sure. I mean, I hope that the company will continue to perform it. I mean, they will already in New York coming up in a few weeks. I don't know. You know, part of creating is that you become rather myopic close to the premiere, and sometimes only, like, a year later can you watch it and actually be objective about it - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah - >> Pontus Lidberg: And, of course, you try very hard to be objective, and you are working with it all the time, but sometimes you can't really because it's too close. So I have reconsidered some of my works in both directions later, meaning sometimes I will appreciated them more later, and other times I've felt, like, oh, actually, this needs to be adjusted. But that needs to take a while before I can kind of look at it objectively, I think. Yeah. >> Nicholas A. Brown: What is the experience of having the dance performed with live orchestra versus a recording, and are there are differences most pronounced in a music like art music, or would it matter with live electronic music versus having it, you know, [multiple speakers] - >> Pontus Lidberg: Right. Well, yeah, of course, it makes huge difference, and I mean, I made a piece to the music of, to an original score by Max Richter in Dresden, which was part electronics. So there was an electronic backtrack. There was also strings and piano, and they had, you know, like, they had kind of a click track I think to be able to match it with electronics, and which was not so easy actually. But I think it, this is a really good question because, you know, recorded music is, can be, it can work against you because you start to listen for and choreograph to the recording, not the music. Like, all sorts of personal choices that were made during that recording you start taking for granted. Like, as if that is what it is, but, you know, when, as you know when you're playing something yourself, like, you can play something very differently. Your interpretation doesn't mean it's right or wrong. It's just, like, the way that you hear it is very different. The way I play piano is, like, and certain pieces is different, you know. Like, the way I hear it-what I want to bring out. So it's always interesting when you meet the orchestra, and you, for the first time because sometimes it's, like, oh, I missed that [multiple speakers], like, yeah. Because maybe you choreograph something to something that was actually just an artistic choice in the - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah - >> Pontus Lidberg: Recording, but [inaudible] the opposite is also true. Sometimes you're, like, oh, you know, this is much better, you know, or, like, yeah. So it, both can happen, but I have a friend who's a conductor. He likes to say that, oh, like, he doesn't like to conduct for dance because he says there are only tempos in dance - too fast or too slow - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Got you. >> Pontus Lidberg: I mean, and he's being funny about it, but it's true. It's sensitive because - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah - >> Pontus Lidberg: You know, what you, what a musician does with their fingers or, you know, small movements to create sound can sometimes be huge movements that are precisely timed for a dancer with their whole body, and if you change the tempo one way or the other, it can just make or break. So it is very sensitive actually. But, of course, having said that, I much prefer having live music to recorded music. Much. >> Nicholas A. Brown: Great. Do you prefer working with a certain genre of music, or do you enjoy working with jazz, classical, electronics, all equally - >> Pontus Lidberg: Equally - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah - >> Pontus Lidberg: I would say. Having said that, I think I just, you know, I have my own universe that I'm drawn to and that I like, and even within different genres, there's a certain kind of music that I, that speaks to me. And there are definitely gaps in music that I don't really know much about, like hip hop or. There are genres of music that I don't really know much about, but I do like working with living composers because you can create something together from scratch. That, that's very rewarding. Sometimes it, you know, it also means you don't know what it's going to be. So it's a gamble. >> Nicholas A. Brown: Can you tell me a little bit about how you got involved in your filmmaking career? >> Pontus Lidberg: I, as I grew up as a teenager, I was very interested in photography, and I had an analog camera. I was, you know, kind of dedicated in, to taking photographs, and I also, I did dark room myself as well. And what that really meant was that I trained myself to look at things through the eyes of a, through the lens really of the camera, and composition and imagery sense, and, like, telling stories through images. So it made sense when I started choreographing that I would also work with film because that's kind of a combination of the two really. I also think that for me because I'm interested in so many different aspects of creating, not just movement or theater or music, but, or images, but all of them, film is a medium that really gives you the opportunity to work with a lot of different layers. So it's very satisfying, I think. Having said that, it's very time consuming, expensive, at least the kind of productions that I push to do. And so they're, I get to do many more stage works per year than film. Yeah. My film work tends to take a few years. Each project takes four, five years - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Wow. >> Pontus Lidberg: Yeah - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Cool. When you choreograph, do you choreograph differently for film versus for the stage - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yes. Swell, the biggest difference is that with a camera, I direct the eye of the audience. I can zoom in on some button here, you know, if that's what I want the audience to see in a film, and that is all they will see because I decided. So, but on a stage, you kind of put everything out there, and it's up to each individual, audience member to choose what they see or be drawn to something. I mean, you can't control that. So it's very different actually. >> Nicholas A. Brown: What do you think of this notion that the United States Congress promotes dance and new music and new commissions and choreography? Because it, I think, working for them, I know they get a lot of flak, but sometimes there are good things that happen - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yeah - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Around here that are unexpected I think - >> Pontus Lidberg: Yes. Well, I am honored, and, I mean, it's very exciting for me to be here and to also know that these seminal works were created in this place by the same - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah - >> Pontus Lidberg: Organizations, and, I mean, it's humbling, I have to say, and yeah. Really humbling because it's feel, I feel it's difficult for me to live up to certain things that have been commissioned here. But it's very exciting. >> Nicholas A. Brown: Great. Well, we're so happy to have you here, for sure. I think as we're starting to wrap up now, I'd love to know what you think about the Graham Company's reputation or, not necessarily their reputation, but how they are perceived in the dance community outside of the United States versus within the United States, or is there a difference? >> Pontus Lidberg: I can only speak to what I know, and it's been also interesting and important for me actually to work with the Graham Company because Martha Graham really changed the landscape of dance, especially in America, but all over the world. And all of a sudden I started to see things that I didn't know where they were from, and in choreographers like Pina Bausch, for example, I was, like, oh, that came from Martha. And in Sweden, you can see the lineage of Birgit Cullberg and [Inaudible]. You can also see, oh, that came from Martha, and so I think that her company, this company is perhaps not as alive, you know, it's not on people's minds immediately in Europe as much as it is here, through the name, obviously, is instantly recognizable and people know exactly what it is. But I have started to appreciate that, in fact, she's very much alive in many people - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Yeah - >> Pontus Lidberg: Who might not even know it. >> Nicholas A. Brown: Fascinating. What is next for you after this project - >> Pontus Lidberg: I have a premiere at Sadler's Wells Theatre in London on April 20th for a company in London called Balletboyz - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Oh, yes, they're wonderful, yeah - >> Pontus Lidberg: Contemporary dance company - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Great. And do you foresee working with the Graham Company again in the future - >> Pontus Lidberg: I certainly wish - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Great. Yeah - >> Pontus Lidberg: That that will happen, yes - >> Nicholas A. Brown: I mean, what has it been like to work with Janet because she's, you know, in terms of her vision for the Company and her supporting other choreographers? >> Pontus Lidberg: Well, I think she's doing exactly what is necessary. Martha Graham, the Martha Graham lineage and the heritage, they already have, and that's there, and needs to be maintained and cultivated and it's very important, but for a company to be alive, it also needs new work. I think you cannot only, I mean, it's the difference between being exclusively a museum or an, living company - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Sure - >> Pontus Lidberg: So I think, I mean, she's spot on - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Great. Well, thank you so much for taking the time to answer some questions, and - >> Pontus Lidberg: Thank you - >> Nicholas A. Brown: We'll look forward to seeing the premiere of "Woodland" this evening, and encourage you to come back and visit us anytime, and - >> Pontus Lidberg: Thank you - >> Nicholas A. Brown: Encourage our viewers to visit loc dot gov, and if you search for Pontus' name, Pontus Lidberg or "Woodland" or Irving Fine or Martha Graham, you will find a load of resources through which you can learn more about the legacy of the Martha Graham Dance Company at the Library of Congress. Thanks for joining us. >> Pontus Lidberg: Thank you. >> This has been a presentation of the Library of Congress. Visit us at loc dot gov.