>> From the Library of Congress in Washington D.C. >> Denise Woltering-Vargas: Good afternoon. I'd like to start, I know we're running a little behind. My name is Denise Woltering-Vargas. I am the Program Manager at Tulane University Center for Latin American Studies. Thank you. And I've been working with the Americas Awards since 2011 with Julie Kline, the founder's supervision guidance and direction. She's been very helpful in helping me to program our program here in D.C. I'd like to say thanks to Pamela Jackson at the Center for the Book and Georgette Dorn from the Hispanic Division. Good afternoon and welcome to the 2016 Americas Award. On behalf of the Consortium of Latin American Studies Programs, myself at Tulane and Lisa Finelli at Vanderbilt, we welcome you to today's ceremony. The Americas Award was founded in 1993 by Julie Kline at the Center for Latin America and Caribbean Studies at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. This award is one of the most important programs of CLASP. It is where we get the most impact outreach out of teaching and engaging about Latin America within the community and within classrooms. Awards are given up to two books each year and are selected for their distinctive literary quality, cultural contextualization, exceptional integration of text, illustration and design and potential for classroom use. And that is an important part to us. Its ability to be used in classrooms and teaching. The goal of the award is to link the Americas to reach beyond geographic borders, focusing, instead, on cultural heritages within the hemisphere. The committee, this year we had an excellent committee. Some of the committee members are here. The Americas Award review committee was comprised this year of teachers, community activists and librarians from Tennessee, North Carolina, Wisconsin, New Mexico and right here in Washington D.C. In the fall, the books are submitted, and beginning in Mach, the committee gathers via Skype and Google Hangout and other alternative conference calls in a series of meetings to make very important decisions. These conversations are enlightening, insightful and at times very spirited and show the passion that the committee members feel about the diverse cultures of Latin America. Lisa and I are extremely grateful for the hard work of the committee and the care that they put into choosing the award each year. We would like to say a special gracias to Kyra Phillips Shnore [phonetic] at the University of New Mexico for her extra help this year. Stepping in to help coordinate committee conversations. A unique element of the Americas Award, as I mentioned, is the ability to be used in K12 classrooms. The award emphasizes the potential for classroom use. So as you see the books cycling behind me, you'll see snippets of committee members' opinions, thoughts, ideas and ways that they see this award being incorporated into the classroom, as well as recommended grade levels. Educators have developed and continued to develop pre-K through 12 curricula to be used with each book. If you're interested in learning about these resources and participating in other opportunities that we have, please visit on our website claspprograms.org. It's on the end of this screen slideshow. And this year's program features a special educator workshop tonight, this evening, across the street from Busboys and Poets at Mulebone. We'll have a teacher workshop highlighting this year's award winner, Ashley Hope Perez and Alma Flor Ada. So please join us. I'd like to hand it over to one of our committee members, Paula Mason. >> Paula Mason: Hello everyone. My name is Paula Mason, and I'm a review committee member for the Americas Award and a public librarian from the Milwaukee area. As a librarian, I find that one of the most valuable aspects of this award is the annotated bibliography that we create of commended and honor book titles, along with our two award winners. You'll find all these titles listed in our program book and showing on the screens. To highlight just a few of these suburb commended titles, I'm going to just discuss just a few of the themes that we saw. So, several of them touched on important and relevant topics, such as breaking down barriers in our community and dispelling stereotypes. Books such as the young adult's debut from Marie Marquardt, Dream Things True and Cynthia Lord's A Handful of Stars, do an excellent job of giving characters, giving us characters that bridge divisions in their communities. Also, Margarita Engle gave us two fantastic books this year, The Picture Book, Dream Drum Girl: How One Girl's Courage Changed Music and her child memoir, Enchanted Air: Two Cultures, Two Wings. In Dream Drum Girl, illustrated by Rafael Lopez, we witness Cuban musician, Millo Castro Zaldarriaga desired to play the bongo drums, traditionally an instrument that only boys could play. We learn that in courageously breaking this stereotype, she went on to become a celebrated world-famous musician in her own right. In all of these books, we see characters confront seemingly impossible challenges and find creative solutions. And in this way, as readers, we can begin to soar alongside them too. We're also honored today to be in the presence of Alma Flor Ada, the award-winning author of many titles and a prevailing authority on bilingual and multicultural education. In her gem of a book, Island Treasures: Growing up in Cuba, the reader can delight in her many family stories from her childhood, which offer beautiful lessons. Filled with dozens of personal photos and illustrations, this book feels like a special and intimate journey through precious family heirlooms and stories, which is very fitting considering the generous and open nature of her family as described in the book. We also saw similar themes of inner generational wisdom and the importance of passing along family memories in books such as My Tata's Remedies, Los remedios de mi tata by Roni Capin Rivera-Ashford, illustrated by Antonio Castro L. and Monica Brown in her picture book Maya's Blanket, illustrated by David Diaz. These are just a few of the many wonderful books that are officially recognized as our commended titles. I'm also very pleased to discuss with you our two honored books today. Our first title is Growing up Pedro: How the Martinez Brothers Made it from the Dominican Republic all the Way to the Major Leagues by author and illustrator Matt Tavares. While there have been many Dominican baseball players in the major leagues, none have kindled the deep enthusiasm and allegiance and so many fans as pitcher Pedro Martinez. In his nonfiction picture book geared for elementary students, Tavares celebrates this larger-than-life baseball hero with incredibly realistic paintings and simple text. We're transported to the world of the Martinez brothers as they made their way from a poor Dominican village all the way to the US Major Leagues. The relationship between the two brothers is the centerpiece of the book, whether throwing rocks at mangos as young boys to practice their aim or pitching against each other in an historic game in 1996, Pedro and Ramone maintain their deep connection and give each other the strength they need to continue through times of difficulties. Without his older brother, Ramone, Tavares leads us to believe there would be no Pedro on the same national stage. From a small boy watching his big brother play in their village as a star pitcher, oops, sorry, one second. Play in their village to the star pitcher that led the Red Sox to win the World Series in 2004, Tavares gives us a beautiful portrait of baseball's most prized and beloved players. Growing up Pedro is also available in Spanish, making it even more accessible to our readers. Our second honor title is another marvelous nonfiction picture book, Funny Bones: Posada and His Day of the Dead Calaveras by author and Illustrator Duncan Tonatiuh. His latest work presents an extraordinary blend of biography, art and politics, focusing on the life of Jose Guadalupe Posada or Don Lupe, as he was known at the time. Born in 1852, Posada was most famous for his socially conscious depictions of calaveras, the often comical skeletons that are associated with Mexico's Day of the Dead celebrations. With Tonatiuh's engaging hand-drawn digitally collaged artwork, we first see Don Lupe as a child with a natural talent for drawing. And then as an adult, continuously pursuing his artistic passion while offering social commentary on the world around him. The full-page spreads inspired by Don Lupe's work actively probe the reader to consider the deeper layers of meaning behind his artwork, such as critiques about social class, rapidly changing technology and violence during the Mexican Revolution. This stunning work is easily adapted to a variety of classroom settings, spanning subject areas such as art, history and cultural studies. Additionally, Tonatiuh includes a detailed author's note, glossary of terms and a bibliography for readers interested in diving further into Posada's work. Funny Bones is geared for readers between grades three to six, but older students, including adults, are sure to learn much from it as well. We hope you enjoy this title, along with all of the other wonderful commended and honor books on our list. And now, my fellow committee member, Laura Kleinmann will be presenting. Oh. [ Inaudible ] Sure. Yeah. >> Denise Woltering-Vargas: We also wanted to, sorry, I was making sure that we were on time. And I wanted to actually introduce the Director of the Hispanic Division, Georgette Dorn. [ Applause ] >> Georgette Dorn: On behalf of the Hispanic Division, it's a great pleasure to welcome our wonderful award winners. And also, Paula Covington who came especially from Vanderbilt to be here with us. We began to host this award since 1994, after I met Julie Kline at a conference in New Orleans and she talked about CLASP. I thought it would be wonderful to have it here at the Library of Congress. So we've been doing it since then, and it's a really great pleasure to have everybody here. And as you all know, I'm sure the Hispanic collection at the Library is the largest in the world by far. So, it'd be very nice if all the young children would eventually become our users, as well as the writers and the professors. It is my privilege to introduce Pamela Jackson, the head of the Center for the Book. [ Applause ] >> Pamela Jackson: Hi, good afternoon. >> Good afternoon. >> Pamela Jackson. Welcome. Welcome to the Library of Congress. I am Pam Jackson, Director for Center for the Book, and we are part of the National and International Outreach Unit here at the Library, a rather new one that's specifically designed and focused on sharing the diverse and rich resources of the Library collections with people throughout the world actually. So it's thrilling to be here and to enjoy the conversation that you've got planned today. One of the things I can mention here is, you know, it is the vision of the Library of Congress that we be the chief steward of the record of knowledge for America and the world. And in doing so, creating a springboard to the future. And I'm looking at some of the works and just very impressed by what I see, both in terms of the kind of compassion and courage and industry and excitement that's represented in some of the titles and the books that are flashing through the screen. And, you know, one of the things that we're focused on here in the Library as well, and particularly, is our mission, which is to provide the American people with a rich, diverse and enduring source of knowledge that can be relied upon to inform, inspire and engage. And to support intellectual and creative endeavors. And I just can't help to be so moved by the beauty and creativity that I see in the books and the slides that are being shown here for us. They do indeed, and in particular, today's award winners, represent a very diverse and rich source of inspiration for us. Here at the Center for the Book, which includes a Young Reader Center and the Poetry and Literature Center, we promote books and libraries, reading and literacy, poetry and literature, it is our mission and it's our passion. And we do so because we believe they're the best tools against ignorance and intolerance. And it's events like these that gives a chance to see diverse societies, sometimes for some of us it's going to be that we're seeing ourselves. In other cases, we're seeing folks that are very different from ourselves. And it's so important for us to be seeing both in the books we read, in the books we talk about and the people that are with us talking about those books, which makes today's event all the more special. So, I'm grateful here for this event. Our partnership with the Hispanic Division and Tulane and Vanderbilt Universities as we enjoy this very special and substantive 24th annual Americas Awards for Children and Adult Young Literature. And I just have a couple of housekeeping items that I was tasked with that I'll share now. So people should, if you haven't already, just take a moment, make sure your devices are silenced so that they're not a distraction. And also, to make mention that we are recording today's events. So if you do have to ask a question you'll be part of our webcast. Our webcasts are available online, by the way, so we're at read.gov. Feel free to visit us there and find a variety of author talks and presentations such as the one here today. And then, oops, I knew that was going to happen. And then finally, we actually are also delighted to share with you that the authors' books will be available for sale after the presentation outside this room. And with that, I think I'll turn it back over to Denise to continue along with the program. Thank you so much all for being here. [ Applause ] >> Denise Woltering-Vargas: Thank you so much. We are very excited to do this a second year, to have a reader's theater interpretation of an excerpt of one of this year's winners. I'd like to introduce Laura Kleinmann, a committee member for the Americas Award. [ Applause ] >> Laura Kleinmann: When I started this, hello everyone, I feel very proud to have been part of selecting these amazing books and Echo immediately became my seventh-grade son's favorite book. And he is not a great reader, but he loved that book. And that's why I had the idea that seventh graders would be the perfect age to present a reader's theater based on Echo by Pam Munoz Ryan and we have right here six seventh graders, seven seventh graders from the Oyster-Adams Bilingual School. It's a D.C. public school, the oldest dual language schools in the world actually. Our program started in the 70s. All of these young people are bilingual. And their teacher is Miss Anna Sebastian. Don't think she's a student. She's actually their teacher. And I also want to acknowledge my colleague, Steven Burch. I'm the primary librarian, and he's our secondary librarian. So, these children are actually his. Mine are littler. So I'm going to just slide the mike this way and get off the stage so that they can come and share with you the reader's theater based on Echo. >> Reader's Theater, based on Echo by Pam Munoz Ryan. Otto was lost in the forest. He had a book and a harmonica. He met three sisters in an enchanted tree circle. They were doomed to live in the forest until they met a secret messenger with a musical instrument. They said, we are forever joined by the silken [inaudible] of destiny to you and to all who will play this harmonica in the future. As he left, he heard these words. >> Your fate is not yet sealed. Even in the darkest night, a star will shine, a bell will chime, and path will be revealed. >> Otto was no longer afraid. Part one, Germany, 1933. Friedrich was a boy who loved music. Friedrich had a large birthmark on his birth and a large imagination. He often imagined music in his head and pretended to conduct with his hands. Friedrich got bullied often. His father took him out of school. Instead, he worked at the Hohner Harmonica factory. >> Uncle, look at this harmonica I found in the old abandoned warehouse. >> This is beautiful. I have never heard a harmonic with such a rich sound. It's like two people play it at once. >> Look at the tiny [inaudible] on the back of my paint. What is that? >> [Inaudible] this look like a [inaudible]. It's not smart to do such a thing. >> That night, as Friedrich walked home, he didn't worry about being bullied. The music from the strange harmonica hypnotized him and made him forget to be afraid. When he arrived at his apartment, his sister and his father got into an argument. >> The harmonica, I'm sorry to say, father, is not traditionally German and is therefore offensive. People use it to play degenerate music by Jews and Blacks. >> Degenerate? Music does not have a race or disposition. Every instrument has a voice that contributes. Music is a universal language, a universal religion of sorts. Certainly, it is my religion. Music surpasses all distinctions between people. >> Some do not agree, father. And we should follow the Nazi Party's guidelines. >> Don't be ridiculous. >> Friedrich began to worry. His father played music with Jews. His father was a free thinker. Friedrich was informed by his birthmark. People like him and his father did not belong in the new Germany. Soon after, the Nazis came to arrest his father. Friedrich was afraid. He ran to his uncle's apartment. >> So they have come already. >> Father said he would be home in a few hours. >> No Friedrich. He will not be back in a few hours. They have taken him to the work camp where men freeze. >> This is all my fault. >> Nephew, none of us could have known this would happen. This is not your fault. But right now, we don't have time to debate. We must move quickly. We must get your father out of there. We must contact your sister. >> Friedrich and his uncle needed money. They wrote to Elisabeth. She sent a box of cookies in the shape of swastikas. The box had a false bottom. It was filled with Reichsmarks. Friedrich would take them as he bribed to the commander at Dachau. It would be risky, but a boy will be less suspicious than a man. Before he left, Friedrich took out his harmonica and played the Brahms Lullaby one more time. He then packed it up and put it in a box of harmonicas bound for the United States Marine Corps band. As he rode the train to Dachau, his heart pounded with fear. Yet, as he stared out the window, he heard these words in the rhythm of the train. >> Your fate is not yet sealed. Even in darkest night, a star will shine. A bell will chime. A path will be revealed. >> Friedrich was no longer afraid. >> Part two, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1935. Mike and Frankie Flannery live at the Bishop's Home for Friendless and Destitute Children. Mike was 11, and Frankie was eight. Granny left them there because she was too old to take care of them and because it was the only orphanage with a piano. She didn't know they would be treated badly. She didn't know they might be separated. She didn't know that Headmistress Pennyweather would confiscate the harmonicas. One night, Frankie climbed the tree next to Mike's window. >> I just heard that tomorrow some people are coming to get boys. >> We're getting fostered out? >> If they like us. What if Pennyweather tries to separate us again? >> I told you before, we're not supposed to get separated, remember. You and me, we stick together. >> Yeah, you and me, we stick together. >> Frankie left, and Mike began to worry as usual. So many things could go wrong. Then he dared to dream. What if the people wanted two boys? What if he and Frankie could feel loved again? What if their new home had a piano? The next day, everything changed. A lawyer named Mr. Howard came to Bishop's to find a music child. He represented Eunice Dow Sturbridge. The woman was wealthy and alone and wanted to adopt a child who could play the piano. Pennyweather got the piano tuned and had Mike and Frankie play a duet of America the Beautiful. Although Mr. Howard had come for one child, he was so moved by the music and the boys and devotion to each other, he took them both. When they arrived at the big, fancy house, Frankie was excited, but Mike couldn't help remembering his grandmother's words. >> Granny always aid that if something seemed too good to be true, it was probably a swindle. Who in the world would adopt two boys without even meeting them. >> The introduction didn't ease his mind. >> Michael, Franklin, this is Eunice Dow Sturbridge. >> Mam, thank you for adopting us. >> Are you going to be our new mother? You are much prettier than we expected, and you smell lots better than Miss Pennyweather. >> Mrs. Sturbridge's eyes filled with tears as she looked them over and made a face as if she'd just seen a dead animal in the gutter. Then she turned and hurried up the stairs. The next day, Mr. Howard took them to Central Philly to buy new clothes. On the way home, they passed a music store advertising auditions for a band called Hoxie's Harmonica Wizards. Mr. Howard went in and bought the boys each a harmonica. Frankie's came from the display by the register while Mike picked up one from a box in the back of the store. The last box on the bottom caught his eye. Mike opened the box, picked up the harmonica and noticed a small red M painted on the back. When he put it to his lips, the sound was so beautiful, he almost felt happy. When he played America the Beautiful for Mrs. Sturbridge and Mr. Howard, it brought tears to their eyes. Mike thought of a plan. >> Mrs. Sturbridge, I know you only want one child. Will you adopt Frankie if I'm out of the way? I plan to try out for the famous traveling harmonica band called Hoxie's Harmonica Wizards. If I make it, I will live will leave [inaudible]. >> Well, you are an exceptional harmonica player. Are you sure this is what you want? >> Oh yes, it is what I want. >> Mike make the final audition, and the family got invitations to a special concert by Hoxie's Harmonica Wizards. That night, Mike realized that he couldn't trust Mrs. Sturbridge to keep Frankie. He woke his brother up, and they crawled out of the window to climb down the tree and run away. Frankie made the climb, but Mike lost his footing and fell. The harmonica slid out of his pocket, and he heard the strains of the Brahms Lullaby through the wind in the trees. As he lay on the ground, staring at the sky, he thought he heard some strange yet beautiful words. >> Your fate is not yet sealed. Even in the darkest night, a star will shine, a bell will chime, a path will be revealed. >> Mike was not afraid. >> Part three, Southern California, 1942. Ivy Maria had to say goodbye again. She was leaving the next morning. She had to say goodbye to her best friend Araceli. She had to say goodbye to the other families in the labor camp. She had to say goodbye to her favorite teacher. And worst of all, she had to say goodbye to the playing the harmonica solo on the radio with her fifth-grade class. >> It's not fair. Can we at least wait one week? Just until Christmas vacation. I hate moving, and I thought we were finally going to stay somewhere forever. >> Ivy, this move means we'll have our own house. I will be in charge of 60 acres. And your mother will have a washing machine. And you will go to a better school with better teachers. Even the weather will be better. We cannot stay simply because you want to play the harmonica on the radio. >> I don't want a new school. I love my teacher. I love the weather. >> Ivy Maria knew that if it were her brother Nando begging to play one more basketball game, her parents would say yes. They went to all of his games yet called Ivy's music frivolous. She also knew that her brother was at war in the Pacific. They hadn't heard from him in a month. She could not use him as an excuse to argue with her parents. Before he left, Nando had asked her to be a good little soldier and help mama and papa while he was away. Her heart hurt as she went outside to play her harmonica. Its beautiful sound made her feel better. She remembered the day her teacher had given out the harmonicas to her class. >> These harmonicas were donated to our school. They have been restored like new. Each of you will get one, and I will trust you to take very good care of them. I will teach you to play. If we're good enough, we'll play Auld Lang Syne on the radio around Christmastime. >> Ivy Maria's harmonica was different than the rest. It shined brighter in the sun and had a small red M painted on the back. Ivy traced the M, wondering what it meant. She played better and learned faster than her classmates. Mrs. Delgado told her she was gifted and could probably learn how to play any instrument she liked. Ivy beamed with pride. But now, she had to leave it all behind. At least she could take her harmonica. >> Look, here we are. This is our house, and if you stand on tippy toe, you can see the owner's house. >> Do they have any children? >> Yes, a boy a little older than Fernando who is in the Marines and two smaller girls. But they're not here right now. >> I hope they come home soon, and I hope that they go to the same school as I do. Maybe they even like music. >> Papa looked at mama over Ivy's head. The family wouldn't be coming home soon. They were Japanese-American and had been sent to an internment camp. Their house was boarded up, and the plants in their flowerbeds had shriveled up and died. The vegetables were rotting on the vine. Ivy Maria's papa told her that the government had called them enemies of the state. Only the oldest boy, Kenny was not in the camp. He was in the Marines fighting for his country. Ivy's family was there to keep the farm running so the owners wouldn't lose everything they had worked for. As soon as Kenny had left, he would come and visit the farm and talk to Mr. Lopez about the future. Ivy thought about the two girls having to leave their nice house and felt sad. Soon, Ivy Maria forget about her sadness for the [inaudible] girls. She had too much sadness and shame to feel for herself because her last name was Lopez, and she had brown skin and black hair. She was sent not to a good Main school but to Lincoln Annex, the Americanization school. It looked like a barn surrounded by dirt fields. She met a sixth grader named Enacio [phonetic]. >> Why are we here? >> To become an American and to learn to speak better English. >> But I'm already American, and I already speak English. >> Enacio shrugged. Ivy was bored. Her teacher was nice but wouldn't let her work ahead. All morning, Ivy finished her work before the others and sat with her hands folded on the desk, gazing out into the empty field. The only good thing was that she could still join the orchestra after school at Lincoln Main. That night, papa was angry. >> My family has lived in California for over 100 years. My great-grandfather worked on a ranch when this very land belonged to Mexico. It was not yet America. So it's fine if we join them for music and sports. But only after school. It is fine if we join them in a war. My own son is fighting for a country. What nonsense is this? >> At least in orchestra rehearsal, Ivy felt equal to Lincoln Main students. After she had played the harmonica in front of the whole group, the teacher explained. >> Ivy, thank you. That was unquestionably brilliant. You have promise, and I have a feeling that you are going to fall in love with the flute. >> Before Kenny and the Yamamotos arrived to meet the Lopez, Ivy and her mother entered the house to make sure the property wasn't damaged in any way. They discovered a secret room filled with the musical instruments of many Japanese families that had lost their homes. Ivy felt more connected than ever to the Yamamotos. When Kenny arrived, mama treated him like she would her own son Nando. As they walked over to the Yamamotos' house, Kenny and Ivy talked. >> I'm glad I [inaudible] together, Ivy. I think we're more alike than different. Your father told me you signed up for orchestra. Did you know I was in the orchestra, and my sisters, they play flute? I play violin. Mr. Danos [phonetic] was our teacher. Do you like him? >> He's my favorite teacher. I love how he talks. He told us we have to play majestically. >> Before Kenny left, he asked Mr. Lopez to send his sister's flute so his family in the interment camp. He knew that the music would comfort them. Ivy knew Kenny wouldn't take his violin with him when he went to war. She took her beautiful harmonica out of her pocket with the red letter M painted on the back and gave it to him. >> Are sure? >> Ivy nodded. >> I promise I'll bring it back to you some day. >> Kenny saluted Ivy. She saluted back. >> Part four, New York City, 1951. Finally, the silken thread of destiny that linked all of those who played Otto's harmonica brought them together for one magic night of Concert of American Composers at Carnegie Hall in New York City. >> Friedrich Schmidt led his father and his uncle to their seats in Carnegie Hall. They were the first ones there and marveled at the grandeur of the red velvet seats and golden walls. >> I can't believe I'm going to see my son conduct an orchestra in Carnegie Hall. We have waited so many years and traveled so many miles for this momentous occasion. >> Yes, it is a dream come true. A high honor to conduct musicians who have come from all over the country to play American music by Gershwin and Rodgers and Hammerstein. And to have you with me, I've never been happier. >> Back stage Mike Flannery said one last goodbye to his brother, Frankie, and Mr. Howard and Aunt Eunie, who had raised them as their sons. >> My other brother playing the piano solo at Carnegie Hall. I wish granny could see you know. >> She is with me every time I sit down at a piano. She was with us the day that Aunt Eunie decided to adopt us. If you listen carefully and you will hear her in the melodies of Rhapsody in Blue. >> Kenny Yamamoto sat in the first row as the concert lights came up. Although Ivy Maria Lopez's family couldn't make the long journey from California, the light in Kenny's eyes as he gazed at her from the audience gave her courage. She sat trembling with excitement grasping her flute as the orchestra tuned up in the fabled Carnegie Hall waiting for Friedrich Schmidt, the famous conductor and the accompanying Mike Flannery, the famous pianist. Although they didn't know it, Kenny carried in his breast pocket the strange beautiful harmonica with the red M painted on the back that linked them all. Just as the same harmonica had given Friedrich the bravery to save his brother from the cow, just as the same harmonica had carved a path from Mike to Aunt Eunie's heart, just as the same harmonica had led Ivy Maria to Mr. Daniels' life as a musician, this very same harmonica had stopped a bullet from entering Kenny's chest on the battlefield in Europe. And each of them in their own way in their own time, as the enchanted evening unfolded, would hear the distant echo of the prophetic words that had predicted their destiny. >> Your fate is not yet sealed, even in the darkest night, a star will shine, a bell will chime and a path will be revealed. [ Applause ] >> Denise Croker: Good afternoon. I'm Denise Croker. I teach English at the Harpeth Hall School, and all-girls independent school in Nashville, Tennessee. And I'm pleased to present the Americas Award to this year's recipients, Ashley Hope Perez and Pam Munoz Ryan. At Harpeth Hall, one of the courses I teach is world literature. One of my central goals is to have my students travel to other worlds vicariously, to walk in another's shoes and to develop empathy with those who come from different backgrounds. I want them to look out a window as librarian Laurie Wilfong [phonetic] describes it, to view another culture and to learn from it. Nigerian author Chinua Achebe says, we lack imagination when we cannot put ourselves in the place of others. Literature has the power to combat this. We can step into an imaginary literary world and experience so much beyond our own borders. Students, on the other hand, or at least my students, many of my students, generally like to read books that are more akin to mirrors than windows. They want to look into a book and see a character very much like them. It's validating of their experience. But truly, even when they read about another teenager who has the same personality quirks, interests or conflicts they have, they also can take a vicarious journey of a person not unlike them, but who's undergoing very different life experiences. The beauty of the two books that have won our 2016 Americas Award is that they both so definitely combine both. They are windows and mirrors. They each present a real lived-in world of the past but inhabit it with fictional characters who present deeply felt emotions as they respond to the racial tensions and discrimination on one hand and the strong bonds of friendship and family on the other hand. Through these books, we can learn about another country, another culture, another set of people. All eventually inhabiting the Americas and representing the multifaceted American experience. We ultimately return to the great truth that no matter the place or the age, human beings are very much alike. It is for us to determine and embrace what links us more closely, not what separates us. And in the words of a Gloria Estefan song, [foreign language spoken]. We see the same moon. We live on the same Earth. So let me tell you a little bit about each of the authors and books. Pam Munoz Ryan depicts these links in an ingenious way in her book Echo. And as we just heard so beautifully from the students, it is an incredible work that blends these three stories. Really an imaginative tour de force. Echo begins with a legend, a fable, that tells us of how a boy meets three spirits whose purpose is to save a soul at the moment of death. This idea, along with a special harmonica, connects the three stories in the book. The three young protagonists experience the 20th century's conflicts, in particular, the wind up to the Holocaust in Germany, the loss of parents and a hope to escape an orphan home in Pennsylvania, and the dual experience of racism against Mexicans and Japanese in California. Despite these apparent differences in the stories and hardships in each situation, friendship, loyalty, kinship and the power of music overcomes suspicion and intolerance. A powerful final concert unites the three characters from these different worlds in the poignant and uplifting end to Munoz Ryan's novel. Because of the enduring resonance of Echo, we present the Americas Award to Pam Munoz Ryan. [ Applause ] >> Pam Munoz Ryan: Oh, so lovely. First, I want to say thank you to my publisher Scholastic for making it possible for me to be here and for all of you for coming out to celebrate with me. And I'm very grateful to the consortium of Latin American Studies Program for this lovely honor and to be in the company of Ashley Hope Perez and also to be with Alma Flor Ada who is speaking tonight at the teacher's workshop. And also to see some friends here, Lulu and Meg. So lovely to see you and so special to celebrate with you. And to the committee members, Denise Croker, Maria Sheldon, Laura Kleinmann, Paul Mason and Emily Chavez. I'm thrilled that you chose Echo, mil gracias. Sometimes the book I set out to write isn't the book that I ultimately write. After I wrote The Dreamer, I was researching what I thought would be next book about the nation's first successful desegregation case, Roberto Alvarez versus the Trustees of the Lemon Grove School District when I happened on information that was too tantalizing to ignore. Lemon Grove is a community east of San Diego. And in 1931, the Chamber of Commerce was actively trying to recruit businesses and families from the Midwest to move to the community. They even had made beautiful, large colored posters that they were sending to businesses in the Midwest that proclaimed Lemon Grove, the Pasadena of San Diego. In their fervor, the Chamber of Commerce met in secret meetings with the school board members and decided that when prospective companies and residents came to visit, it would be much more desirable for the school to look less integrated. So they conspired to segregate the elementary school. The day after the two-week December break, after the children had gone home for the Christmas holidays, the day they came back the principal stood on the steps of Lemon Grove Elementary School, and as the children entered, he separated the Mexican and Mexican-looking children to the side and had them escorted to a makeshift school down the road. The Mexican parents and children were confused and appalled by the pitiful conditions of the alternative school. They referred to it as the barnyard. All but three Mexican families refused to send their children to the school. They organized, and they went to the District Attorney in San Diego. They took the school district to court and they won in the lowest court in the land. So precedent was never set. A few months later, everyone went back to school together. It was a victory, however small, and forgotten. Even so, the practice of segregating Mexican-Americans continued in California and in districts in California until the mid-40s. Those issues became integrated and integral to Ivy Maria's story in Echo and ultimately woven into the much larger social justice themes in the novel. So there I was, researching this court case of the Lemon Grove Historical Society, a tiny little victorian house and looking through the 1931 school yearbooks when I came across a photograph of an integrated group of children sitting on the steps of Lemon Grove Elementary School, each of them holding a harmonica. And when I asked the docent about the photograph she said, I said, what is this? And she said, oh, you know, that was before the whole segregation issue happened. That was our elementary school harmonica band. In the 20s and 30s almost every school had one during, you know, during the big harmonica band movement in the United States. Really? There was a harmonica band movement in the United States? For me to discover a little-known part of American history. That was rare and intriguing and romantically linked to the nostalgic harmonica was like finding gold. I prayed it was true. I went home and I began to research and I discovered that indeed it was. At one time, there were over 2,000 elementary school harmonica bands in the United States, including the then famous Alfred Hoxie's Philadelphia Harmonica Band of Wizards. The 60-member band of boys who played in Charles Lindbergh's parade for three presidents, including FDR's inauguration. How could I resist taking this further? I began to look in Hoxie's band and discovered that they use primarily one harmonica, the same model of harmonica in the picture of the children on the steps of the elementary school, the Hohner Marine Band. My mind leaped. Two characters and their stories began to take shape. Ivy Maria, a girl in a country school harmonica band and Mike, an orphan boy in Philadelphia who wanted to be in Hoxie's Band, which, by the way, was full of orphans. How can a writer resist such drama? I began to wonder if by some odd fate my characters at different points in time might have played the same harmonica. And if it was the same harmonica, where had it originated, and who had owned it before them? I began a correspondence with the Hohner Harmonica Company in Trossingen, Germany and then went there to tour the campus and museum of one of the oldest and the largest harmonica factory in the world. And during my tour I learned about the six-pointed star on the pre-World War II harmonicas and how Hitler insisted it be removed when he became Chancellor of Germany. And I discovered that young boy apprentices used to work in the factory. Friedrich's story began to unfold, and it was there in the factory museum looking into the glass cases of commemorative well-loved and long-carried harmonicas that I discovered the evidence of a real-life miracle that I could use in the [inaudible] of my book. Now I had the premise for three main stories. And since the stories would span 1933 through 1951, I realized that my characters would live during some of the most dark and challenging times in history. Friedrich in Hitler's Germany, Mike and his little brother Frankie during the Great Depression, and Ivy Maria during the years of segregation. How would my characters carry on? I wanted and needed to give my characters a sliver of beauty and light to which they could cling. And given the harmonica, that something, that sliver, was music. But what powers did the harmonica have, and more importantly, how had that power come about? Those questions led me to imagine the harmonica's backstory. I love the idea that the harmonica might have a magical history and maybe gave each character confidence, strength and a euphoric sense of wellbeing. So that is how my character's stories became framed in an original fairy tale entwined in a witch's curse and a midwife's prophecy. I hoe the reader will come to understand the prophecy and how it's woven into the story and now for the fourth time you'll hear it, your fate is not quite sealed, even in the darkest night, a star will shine, a bell will chime, and a path will be revealed. The writing of this book was the same. I thought I was writing one book, but instead, I wandered down a path and a much larger narrative demanded to be written. Thank you. [ Applause ] >> Denise Croker: And now for our second book. Ashley Hope Perez's Out of Darkness is a book that presents a somber chapter of our nation's history while also casting a glimmer of hope, a way out of darkness. The novel begins with an historical event in East Texas, and I would say as a person who lives outside of Texas, a little known historical event that I was astonished to learn about. The explosion of the New London School in 1937. Using this tragedy as both climax and catalyst, Perez weaves the fictional stories of two teenagers, Naomi, a Mexican-American girl and Wash, an African-American boy brought together by a love that is forbidden by their society. This is not a story with a fairytale ending. This is still the world of East Texas which, in Bob Dylan's words, was a place where many martyrs fell. But there are still moments of great beauty and pure joy. With strong imagery, poetic style and bittersweet vignettes that evoke this troubled time and place, Out of Darkness, strikes like lightning. Because it so beautifully illuminates an obscure but significant part of the American experience, we honor Ashley Hope Perez with the Americas Award. [ Applause ] >> Ashley Hope Perez: Thank you. So, always the thank yous first, right. I want to also express my gratitude to the committee and to CLASP and to Denise Woltering and Lisa Finelli, too, for their work organizing such a beautiful celebration. And to all the hands that are moving behind the scenes. Here, your hands are important, and we thank you for your work. Also, for the friends and family and my editor who supported this book along the way. And especially a thank you to my mom who came all the way from Texas to finally see we get an award. I am always asking her to watch my kids, so I can do this kind of thing. And this time, she insisted, and I'm really glad she came. And my sons are with my husband, who is always making everything possible. So, I send a big thank you to Liam Miguel and Ethan Andres and Arnulfo, my husband. And thank you for coming to celebrate. So when readers tell me what Out of Darkness has meant to them, or how they cried, which is a lot of what I get when they tell me about their experience, I often share that, that was taken as a command. Now it is time to cry. I often share that whole pieces of my heart are still buried inside that story. If this book tasks readers with traversing difficult territory, it did that for me as well as an author. So I just want to share a few thoughts from that journey with you in pictures. Because, why not? If you ever visit the Pleasant Hill Cemetery in New London, Texas, you will find gravestone after gravestone with the same date of death, March 18, 1937. This was the day that the New London School explosion took the lives of nearly 300 people, most of them children. Victims of the disaster are buried in cemeteries all over East Texas where I grew up. But there are more buried at the Pleasant Hill Cemetery than anywhere else. It takes just 30 minutes driving on a hilly country road to get from my childhood home in Kilgore, Texas, to the Pleasant Hill Cemetery, which is just a few miles where the original New London School stood. But I never once learned about the New London explosion in school or on a field trip, despite the fact that it is still considered the worst school disaster in US history. As a child, I had some awareness of a tragedy in New London, probably from overhearing whispered conversations and pressing my parents for more information. But my understanding was limited to a vague notion that something had happened a long time ago and that children had died. Only much later would I learn that hundreds of children were killed by a natural gas explosion in the school. Only later would I learn that fathers and neighbors rushed to the site, hauling away tons of rubble by hand to search for survivor and recover remains. Only later would I learn that families identified their children by clothing and scars. That many churches held funerals on the half hour for more than a week, burying the victims one-by-one. Even without this information, walking among the graves at Pleasant Hill, I encountered the enormity of the tragedy. The immediacy of its impact and the depth of the wound it left. Seeing again and again that date, March 18, 1937, became both haunting and terrible. How did I not know what had happened? A disaster that killed one out of three in a small oilfield town, excuse me, one out of three children, in a small oilfield town in my community. A tragedy described by some as the day a generation died. What could explain the silence? We now know the importance of stories and storytelling, memorials, anniversaries and other acts of remembrance. They help us heal and process pain. But this has not always been understood or embraced. And in 1937, the surviving youth of New London went back to school just ten days after the explosion that killed many of their classmates. And when the senior class wanted to organize a memorial service, teachers and community leaders discouraged them. It was time to move on, they were told. Time to put the disaster behind them. It was best not to talk about it. The silence that followed stretched on for more than half a century until finally survivors began meeting and telling their stories, first to each other, then to the community. Now, volunteer staff a small museum about the explosion, and children in New London learn about the disaster. Still, the event remains unknown to many Americans, as Denise noted. So when I first began writing Out of Darkness, or the book that became Out of Darkness, as Pam pointed out. We don't know where we're going when we start. And books have different intentions for us sometimes. When I started, I had this notion that I would be contributing to this broader effort to reckon with the impact of that explosion on the lives of people in East Texas. But once I began researching, I found myself thinking most about the stories that I did not find collected in the archival materials on the disaster. Because the New London School was built to serve white children, historical accounts of the explosion have focused on the tragedy as the white community experienced it. And I should have shown you a picture. This was just as, this was probably an hour after the explosion just as another part of the school is beginning to collapse. So in the archive, this is really framed as a disaster that affected the white community. No one recorded how people of color in the area responded or how they viewed the tragedy. So I found myself with many questions. I wondered, for example, what the event meant for African-Americans who had been spared from the explosion precisely because they'd been denied access to the far better-funded school. And this was a school that because of oil revenues, had chemistry laboratories, suites of sewing machines, band instruments for every child in the school, uniforms for sports, all for the children of mostly poor oil field workers. But this was a space of tremendous opportunity that African-Americans did not have access to. So I wanted to know, well what was this like? If you were an African-American parent, how strange the relief that was made possible by that exclusion. And this question was a persistent one. So I new from early on that there would be an important African-American character in my novel. And yes, I imagined him as the young Jackie Robinson. This was always my picture of my character. This is Wash, yes, but Wash has already had the face of Jackie Robinson in my imagination. So, I knew that he was going to have been there when the explosion happens. So this is how I began imagining Wash. I had to think about how would my character end up involved in this explosion. And so he's working on the grounds of the school. He can't go to school there, but he can work there when the explosion happens. Then I got the gift of spark for my other character, Naomi, when I came across a name that surprised me on a list of children who had died in the explosion. That name was Juanita Herron. Or, was it Juanita Herron? I found a photograph of Juanita, and I began to imagine her as a Mexican-American child recently arrived in New London. In my mind she came, like so many children did, accompanying a parent who had been drawn by the prospect of jobs in the oilfield community. And this was a rare pocket of prosperity in the midst of the Great Depression. But could a Mexican-American have attended the New London School during the Jim Crow era? This is the world of the time. In some ways, the lack of Latinos in the are made it more possible. At the time, parts of Texas with established Latino communities tended to be subject to a three-fold system of segregation for schools. White schools for white children. So-called colored schools for black children. And so-called Mexican schools for Mexican-Americans and other Latinos. This is the reality that Naomi and her siblings experienced in San Antonio. In New London, however, there was only a white school and a black school. This made it more plausible that Mexican-American families could have enrolled their children in the New London School in much the same way that descendants of Cherokee Indians in the area had. So this was a very careful entry into the schooling space. So, here's a little, an image of, one of the, I have a range of images that informed my view of Naomi, but this is one of them. So I began thinking about what it might have been like for a Mexican-American teenager to come from San Antonio and navigate a community with color lines drawn in black and white, and this was the beginning of Naomi's story. The drama, tragedy and hope in Out of Darkness come less from recorded history than from my efforts to imagine the kinds of stories that were never recorded, at least not from the perspective of black and Latino-Americans. But its actual details did influence how I shaped fictional events. For example, during my research I learned that an angry mob did converge on the New London School's superintendent's house after the explosion, looking for someone to blame for the deaths of their children. In real life, mounted Texas rangers protected him from the potential vigilante violence. The crowd dissipated, and no one was harmed. But I started to wonder, well what would have happened if that mob had turned its energies toward a scape goat not granted such protection. So this is one of the ways that what the, what is in the historical record prompts questions for me about what's not. So I see fiction as a space for posing questions about the world around us, questions that relate to our past, our present and future. In Out of Darkness, these are questions about privilege and segregation, about new beginnings and what we make of them. They are questions about which families count and about who we are allowed to love. They are questions about human weakness and human strength. Questions about the heroism and horror we are capable of when we've lost everything. When our world is shattered beyond recognition. When our hearts are broken. I started Out of Darkness with questions about the stories we hear and the stories we don't hear. But by the end of my journey with the characters, I was left holding a different question. This one was about how tragedy can beget terrible injustice. This is to give myself courage, this is an image, one of many I have of hollow trees. And there's a very important tree in the story, which is really the one safe space for Naomi and Wash to be together. I did not want pain for Wash and Naomi. I wanted a future full of possibility, a world where their love could flourish beyond their secret meeting place in the woods. And yet, the trajectory of the story pulled me away from my own desires and wishes. Pulled me toward loss and heartbreak and suffering of the characters, and myself a little bit. My husband could tell you. Yeah, probably suffering for him even more than for me. But that pull of the story is something you simply, you cannot disregard, or you disregard at great cost I think. So when I was writing, I did not know why I had to go into darkness with my characters. I only knew that I had to and that anything else would be dishonest and unfaithful to the story that had been entrusted to me. I'm beginning, little by little, to understand why this journey is important, this journey into and perhaps out of darkness. Why it matters for me and for readers. The injustices that Naomi and Wash suffer should anger us. But they should also remind us that the racialized violence and deep inequities that still trouble our nation today, these have a long history. The depth of our feelings for Naomi and Wash may make our reading painful, but they also, these feelings also highlight the unique value of their lives. The promise we all lose when anyone suffers discrimination or loses a life to racialized violence. We must act for justice, not only for ourselves, but for all, especially those whose stories of suffering have too often been relegated to the margins of history. I hope that readers leave the pages of Out of Darkness with a commitment to creating a world where we work to honor black and brown lives and embrace the right of all loves to flourish. So, for all my questions, I think the one that matters most is this. Can encountering darkness and injustice in fiction teach us to hunger for light in our lives and in the lives of others? Thank you so much for this honor and for taking the time to celebrate with us. [ Applause ] >> Denise Woltering-Vargas: Part of, one of our traditions for presenting the Americas Award is to present something that commemorates the weaving that you all do, weaving stories. So each year we are very excited to work with our Kaqchikel Maya Language Scholars to bring back a special weaving from Guatemala. So we'd like to present both Ashley Hope and Pam Munoz Ryan with a weaving, representing your weaving of stories. [ Applause ] [ Background/Overlapped Speaking ] [ Applause ] >> Lisa Finelli: So congratulations again to Pam Munoz Ryan and Ashley Hope Perez and all the authors recognized by this year's awards. I'm Lisa Finelli, and I am one of the co-coordinators of the Americas Award. And I wanted to thank you for coming out this afternoon, taking time out of your busy day, traveling far and wide, to join us here for the presentation of the 2016 Americas Award. I'd also like to extend a special thank you to Georgette Dorn and Catalina Gomez from the Hispanic Division, Pamela Jackson and Anne Bonny from the Center for the Book, and Jared McNeil from the Office of Special Events for helping to coordinate today's event. Denise and I are extremely grateful to the committee for the care and passion that they put into selecting the winners, honorable mention and commended titles. I would like to recognize Paula Mason, Denise Croker, and Laura Kleinmann, who are all here with us today, as well as committee members Maria Sheldon and Emily Chavez, who could not join us at the ceremony this afternoon. Without their hard work and careful consideration, the Americas Award would not be possible. The Americas Award is sponsored by the consortium of Latin American Studies Programs, and it would not be possible without the generous support of Vanderbilt University, Tulane University, the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, the University of New Mexico, University of Florida, University of Utah, Florida International University and Stanford University. These institutions all have the privilege of receiving Title Six funding to be national resource centers on Latin America which enables them to sponsor programs such as the Americas Award through this grant. As Denise mentioned, there will be a special K12 teacher workshop tonight featuring Alma Flor Ada, where teachers will explore the diverse city of Voices Available for Children's Literature as highlighted by the Americas Awards books. Thank you, again, for joining us this afternoon. And at this time, I join you, or I invite you to join us for refreshments in the back, and there will be a book signing by our two award-winning authors this afternoon. Thank you so much for coming. [ Applause ] >> This has been a presentation of the Library of Congress. Visit us at loc.gov.