>> From the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. >> Paulette Hasier: Good morning. My name is Dr. Paulette Hasier, and I'm the chief of the geography and math division here at the Library of Congress. I would like to welcome you and thank you all for coming to the Library of Congress GIS Day Event. We are really excited to share the depth and breadth of geospatial tools and data and how they're being used to support Congress and how they're also being used to support the library here. In this morning's session you will hear from our esteemed Congressional members and representatives from the Congressional Research Service on how GIS data can inform policy. In our afternoon session, we will treat you to a showcase of GIS story maps and how this tool has revolutionized the way we support digital humanities and digital visualization. I would, however, be remiss if I did not thank those who made this day possible. I would like to acknowledge Congressman Takano for taking the time out of his busy schedule to give us first-hand insights on how GIS and geospatial data is being used in Congress. The GIS Program would not be possible if it was not for the support the of our OCIO staff, our GI [inaudible] staff, and our CRS staff. Special tanks are extended to Dr. Mary Mazanec and [inaudible] of the Congressional Research Service for helping plan this day and for speaking at the event. A special thanks to Steve Kelly and Kathleen Ott at the Library Congressional Relations Office as well for their help and guidance. Also a deep appreciation for the [inaudible] staff, especially Laurie [inaudible], who was helpful in scheduling and creating this event for us. And lastly, I would like to thank the participants of the GIS LOC story map pilot project, which you'll see this afternoon, who brought their curatorial and special collections expertise to the project. And now without further ado, I'd like to introduce Mark Sweeney, the acting deputy director of the Library of Congress who will introduce our keynote speaker, Representative Mark Takano. Thank you. [ Applause ] >> Mark Sweeney: Good morning, everyone. Thank you, Paulette. Members of Congress, ladies and gentlemen, on behalf of the Librarian of Congress Dr. Carla Hayden, it's my pleasure to welcome to you GIS Day at the Library of Congress. Today's activities underscore the increasing importance of geospatial data to the formulation of public policy and execution of legislative research. They're also point indicative of the dramatic changes that are occurring with geospatial data and the whole field of geographic information sciences. Indeed, it is amazing to see just how much policymakers, academics, analysts are now routinely using geospatial data to make sense of our increasingly complex world. This is a change of significant proportions, and I'm proud to say that the Library of Congress is right there playing an active role. A prime example of this is our new platform called the Geospatial Hosting Environment, GHE for short. It consists of a series of data portals and software packages designed to help Congress, the Congressional Research Service, and members of the public access, understand, and use the library's outstanding collection of modern and historic geospatial data. I know you'll be hearing a lot more about that later on today, especially in the afternoon. And now it is my honor to introduce this morning's keynote speaker, United States Representative Mark Takano, who represents California's 41st District. He represents the people of Riverside, Moreno Valley, Jurupa Valley, and Paris. He serves as vice-ranking member of the House Committee on Veterans Affairs and is a member of the Education and Workforce Committee and the Science, Space, and Technology Committee. It is highly noteworthy that immediately after he was elected to the House in 2013, Representative Takano and his staff enthusiastically and effectively used geospatial data in connection with a number of creative policy studies. One of them, which was particularly ground-breaking, used GIS data to compare how high school funding and household income relate to academic performance. I'm delighted that we are now going to have the opportunity to hear about some of the way the Congressman's office has seized upon the opportunities of GIS data in its work. So please join me in welcoming Representative Mark Takano to the podium this morning. Thank you. [ Applause ] >> Mark Takano: Well, happy GIS Day or geographic information systems day. Well, thank you for that introduction. And thank you to the Library of Congress for hosting this wonderful event. And it really is a pleasure to be with you this morning, especially among people who get really excited about this software, the GIS software. Well, on December 17th, 1903, Orville and Wilbur Wright achieved something that no one thought possible when Orville climbed into the cockpit of a plane and took flight for the first time with Wilbur running alongside him. And on February 23rd, 1945, just months before the end of World War II, six United States Marines raised an American flag during the fierce and tragic five-week battle of Iwojima, symbolizing the valor of those who fought and conquered a fascist regime. And on December 24th, 1968 astronaut Bill Anders pointed his camera out of the window of Apollo 8 and captured the Earth rising above the moon, putting our planet and all of its inhabitants into a whole new context. But what connects these three moments and many others throughout our history is that we only know their glory, understand their intensity, and appreciate their beauty because they were captured in visual images. The power of visual images to communicate ideas is so well accepted that it's now cliche. A picture is worth -- well, I was going to say a million words [inaudible]. But it does not diminish the influence of that imagery -- it does not -- the fact that it's a cliche does not diminish the influence that the images has on our ability to see and believe the truth about our world. Now, no one will mistake the maps we create through GIS software for iconic photographs, but the power of images to help people see and believe the truth still applies. And in a time when truth can be hard to come by and even harder to communicate, there has never been a greater need for technology that can present information in the ways that persuade us and inspire us. And that is what first led me and my office to start using GIS mapping software. And it's why we continue to use this software today. In my first term in office I wanted to connect with and better understand the business community in my district. And I wanted the business community to see and understand that I was serious about supporting them. So my office set up a listening tour that we ambitiously called 100 Businesses in 100 Days. We didn't quite do it in 100 days, but we did visit 100 businesses. I traveled around the district asking local business owners about their interests, their goals, and, you know, what kept them up at night. And at the of the tour I could have just listed the 100 companies I met with and provided a short description of each visit. I could have written an op ed or a newsletter announcing the end of my tour and then declaring my findings. But instead, my staff used GIS software to build an interactive map of all the businesses that I had visited, accompanied by pictures of my visits. The simple image of a map of our district dotted with 100 flags representing my stops sent an important message that I was committed to supporting local businesses and to promote the growth of our local economy. Now, this is just one way that GIS has helped me better serve and communicate with my constituents. The software is helpful not just in mapping the places I've been but mapping where my constituents are as well. But as the vice-ranking member of the House Committee on Veterans Affairs, ensuring our veterans get the care and support they have earned is one of my top priorities. And it's one of the most important issues in my district, which has a large veterans population. My office can use mapping technology to find out where the veterans in my district are clustered so that when I host a veteran's event, I know where it should be held. We can use it to understand where veterans live in relation to their local VA healthcare facility so we can recognize issues related to access to care and the logistical challenge of getting to and from facilities. We can also use it to appreciate the geographic distribution of veterans by gender, by age, and by income so that we can target local services to the areas that need it the most. Where should we host roundtables to connect veterans with local resources? Where should a new VA healthcare facility be built to increase access to care? Which areas in the community have the greatest risk of veteran homelessness? These are all questions that mapping software can answer. So, you know, I'm going to depart from my script a little bit, right now in the Congress we are considering a bill. It's called the Air Act, which would be sort of like a [inaudible] for underutilized VA facilities. But one thing I would like to see is a clear map showing where those facilities are -- all the facilities are, whether they're in red states, blue states, rural. I'd like to know -- you know, we have data from Medicare that can tell us about the quality of care provided by the private sector facilities -- that should be data that we can map against all the data VA has about its own healthcare. I mean, the government's rich with data. And one of the things that we are, in my opinion, is we are pretty transparent if we have the data. How is it we're going to use that data? That would be enormously useful in a very current issue that we have going on and might even help us get through some of the partisan differences. I'll speak more about that in a moment. So we live in a society and an economy that's driven by data. Decisions about commerce, traffic patterns, and even baseball strategy are increasingly using -- made by using data that did not exist even a few decades ago. Our systems learn and evolve to fit our needs. The Internet knows my preferences and my hobbies better than some of my own family members. And I'm not sure -- and I'm also sure that I'm not alone in that regard. Yet when it comes to policy-making in Congress, that type of data-driven thinking is almost non-existent. Anecdotes, partisanship, and ideology are filling the void where data belongs. And we're always experiencing the consequences of not using data. Programs like GIS can help us remove the partisan blinders and see our challenges for what they are instead of what we want them to be. Let me give one more example. The common perception of public transportation in Southern California is to put it kindly not great. Because of that, the first thing people they need to live in my region -- that people think they need in order to live in my region is a car. And because of that, public officials are hesitant to invest in a public transportation system that many folks will not even consider using. Now, my office built a map of public transportation in the district. We found that most neighborhoods in my community are actually within walking distance of a bus stop. And we found that by adding a few more routes in specific areas, the public transportation system would be even more accessible for a greater number of my constituents. Now, these small but important insights are the difference between lazy anecdotal thinking that keeps us stuck in the past and focused data-driven thinking that can help us redefine our future. Now, these are the insights that can change the way we think of our neighborhoods, our cities, and our country and really can help us make policies that improve the lives of our citizens. GIS software and programs like it put the power of imagery to communicate complex ideas and the power of data to transcend our existing biases into the hands of members of Congress. Now, my office continues to provide trainings and step-by-step instructions for other offices so that more of my colleagues can use the software. And I hope that by the next GIS Day I'll have a handful of members here with me describing the innovative ways they're using GIS to better represent their constituents. I truly appreciate all the work you do to preserve and disseminate accurate information to members and to the public. And I believe -- and I believe in your ability to help us make better decisions that will lead to stronger communities and a stronger country. So thank you for having me this morning, and thank you for all your hard work. And, again, happy GIS Day. Thank you. [ Applause ] >> Tim St. Onge: Thank you very much again, Congressman Takano, for that excellent keynote. My name is Tim St. Onge. I'm with the Geography and Map Division here at the Library of Congress, and I'm going to be guiding us along in our program this morning. So next I'm pleased to introduce Dr. Mary Mazanec. She is the director of the Congressional Research Service. And she is here with other members of CRS's GIS team, who will be discussing the Congressional Research Services' use of GIS to support Congress. So please welcome Dr. Mazanec. [ Applause ] >> Mary Mazanec: Good morning, everyone. I am very pleased to be here today to celebrate GIS Day at the Library of Congress. Now, as most of you know, the Congressional Research Service works exclusively for the Congress. And we have been doing so for over a century. As you may know, we provide both legal and policy analysis on all legislative issues to committees and members and their staff. And our core values -- our work is guided by our core values, which are authoritativeness, confidentiality, objectivity, and non-partisanship. What you probably don't know is that we have been using GIS technology for over 20 years. GIS technology has advanced significantly in the course of the last 20 years. And likewise, our use of GIS in CRS -- GIS in CRS [Laughs] -- has also evolved significantly. We have moved from using it ad hoc for an individual on a desktop computer to actually establishing a GIS service, which supports all of our analysts, attorneys, and information professionals as we do our work for Congress. And as many of you in the audience can appreciate, public policy as laid out by the Congressmen exists within geographical boundaries. And this makes GIS a wonderful, fabulous tool that can be used to effectively and succinctly visualize and communicate public policy analysis and very complex ideas. Now, I'd like to say that the hallmark of our GIS team in CRS and the way we do our work is collaboration -- collaboration with those of you in the Library that are also using GIS and also to our colleagues on the Hill. It is a collaborative partnership. And from the CRS staff, our team includes GIS analysts, research librarians, policy analysts, and graphic designers. And we all work together to try to produce the most informative and best product for the Congress. So I'm going to stop here and really turn the program over to the CRS experts, if you can join me, who will tell you more specifics about how we use GIS to support the Congress. Thank you. [ Applause ] >> Calvin DeSouza: Hello, everyone. I'm Calvin DeSouza, and I'm going to talk about GIS, along with Hannah Fischer, my coworker. So to reiterate some of the things that Mary said, here at CRS, whenever we work on a GIS request, we always want to make sure that we find the most authoritative data that we can possible. So when we do that, we pair up with a librarian or an analyst to start working on a topic, which can range from any of these topics that you see here on the map -- not a map, on the screen. So whenever we work with a product, we then -- and finish it, we then take to through a multi-separate view process where the results can be anywhere from a confidential memo to Congressional staff or report, or other products, or in-person briefing, or an email, sort of telephone correspondence back and forth. Topics can range from an international issue. So here we have a couple examples of reference maps that we've made for a couple international issues. We work with analysts, get the appropriate data, and we start designing the map to make sure that the appropriate information is on the map to easily convey the information that we want. We can also work on local issues where we'll reach out to the local governments to try to gather what we need for the maps. So it can really range from anything. We're willing to work with you along the way. What are our type of products? Sometimes we make maps in PDF's that we distribute to you directly to Congressional clients. Sometimes those same maps are in reports that are along with other products. Sometimes we do GIS analysis where the result isn't a map, it's actually spreadsheet of data. So we've done all this analysis, and here are the results of it in a tabular format that you can use for other products. Some Congressional staff, they're pretty tech-savvy, and now more people with the GHE, we have access to RJS and RJS Online. So sometimes some staff want to do the analysis themselves. So they don't know where to get started with data. So we can gather the data for them, package it up, and give it to them so they can get their analysis started. And we're happy to announce that we're getting to the process of interactive maps. So this is a thing that we're going to start doing, including interactive maps in some of our CRS products. And later on the line, we're going to start find a way to do confidential interactive maps [inaudible]. So what kind of products do we have? Sometimes we have a simple reference map -- what countries are part of the NATO alliance? So we can make a map if you're traveling to an area and you just want to see this information's, what country's a part and what countries aren't? So here's a simple reference map that we can make. Next. We also have industry-specific research. One of the things here at CRS, the librarians are pretty good about searching for information. So here's an example of media outlets in a particular state. So can I get a list of all the newspapers, magazines, dailies in my -- say, to help you with outreach? So we can go and get one of these paper databases, digitize it, and then make a map for it. And here is the result. So you may not have access to this information, but at CRS, we do. One of the great things that we can do, we can help you see how has legislation changed over time? This example we have here, we have four different areas. We have the Nevada test site where they were testing nuclear weapons. And there was proposed legislation that has change over time. The first area was this dash box, the next where the hash is through the counties, and then the third were the yellow counties. So you can see there have been three rounds of legislation. How has that changed over time? And you can see it on paper, but sometimes seeing it as a picture really helps you visualize. Another example is possible impacts of legislation. Everyone's heard of food deserts where there's areas where there are low access to food. But there's no clear definition. So there are four definitions of what a food desert is. So if legislations pass, what definition are they going to use and how will that affect the constituents? So we will provide that to you -- all four examples -- so you can see which way your constituents would be affected. Another thing we can do, we can map areas of interest. So here is our participation -- precipitation -- participation of the federal program. So we can map them up by county, by congressional districts, by state. So you can say here's a Social Security distribution by county throughout United States. And then we can also give you a state-specific map so you can compare your state to other states in the products that we give to you. This was mentioned earlier, mapping constituents; where do we have high veteran populations in our states? So it's a simple question, but it's these sort of things that we can provide to you. So you can see instead of this county, this county, you can now start seeing the clusters of where we have high populations of whatever our target group is that we're looking at. So next I'm going to turn the presentation to my coworker, Hannah. >> Hannah Fischer: Oh, thank you so much, Calvin. Okay. So now I'm going to give an example of how we combine the subject area expertise that our analysts and librarians have here at the Congressional Research Service and how we put that together with GIS to evaluate data sources and to create GIS products that are authoritative and visually compelling and that help Congress navigate exactly those kinds of really complex policy issues that Representative Takano mentioned. So let's go ahead and get started. Oh, nope. What were you doing? You were just -- >> Calvin DeSouza: Next. >> Hannah Fischer: Next? Oh. There we go. All right. So I'm one member of the CRS GIS team. And I happen to be working with an analyst here who works on refugee issues. And she wanted to map all of the migrants who had died in the course of their migration. So she pointed me to a data source that you can see here, the Missing Migrants Project. And as you can see, this is a snapshot from their website. And they have it kind of centered on the Mediterranean. And it's very detailed data. It looks like a latitude and longitude for every migrant death. And so I said, "All right, let's go ahead and bring that into our GIS and take a look at it." So we brought it in, and the first thing we did was what we know every member of Congress is immediately going to do, which is we went to go look at the United States. And when we did that, we saw that there seemed to be these two big circles that are close to -- not exactly on but close to the US/Mexico border. And that -- that seemed a little odd to us. So we said, "All right. Well, let's take a closer look at that." So we did a little heat mapping and clicked directly on the center of the heat map. And it said, "Well, there's 145 migrant deaths at this exact location, this particular longitude and latitude." And we thought, "Well, that just seem very unlikely to us. Let's look into that a little bit more." So we went to look at the data's methodology. And indeed, once which started reading, they do address that exact thing. They have this sentence in there: Data on the US/Mexico border are compiled based on data from the US county medical examiner's and sheriff's offices. So essentially, data in this area is collected differently than in the rest of the world. They roll it up into these county medical examiner's offices for this area, which is different than the data -- excuse me -- in the rest of the world. Huh. So I remember working with the analyst -- [inaudible] is the analyst, and then our graphic specialist, Amber Wilhelm, who I see is also in the room. And all kind of -- we sat for a moment and thought about this and said, "All right. Well, let's go home, sleep on it, and we'll come back tomorrow and we'll try again." So then the next day we came back and we thought, "All right, well, maybe what we can do is we can explain this. We'll come up with some kind of legend and explain that this is a little bit different on the US/Mexico border." So here are some designed legends that kind of explain this difference. And then we looked at that for a little while. And then we thought, "Hmm, you know what? I think this data, it just -- right now it doesn't meet the CRS standards." We take very seriously the idea that Congress could make policy based on the information that we give them. And the map as it currently is could potentially be misleading. If you didn't go and take a look and really read the legend here, you could kind of get the wrong idea. So right now I don't think we can publish this map. However, I do have good news. So we were doing this back at the beginning of 2017. At that time the last full year of data that we had was 2015. The data for 2016 was similar. But then for 2017 there is a new methodology. So as you can see here, there's a longitude and latitude for each missing migrant along the US/Mexico border. So as we get to the end of 2017, we may be able to revisit this issue and perhaps look into providing a product for Congress in the coming year. All right. So other things that we're looking into for the future and that we're doing at the moment. So one thing that we're really trying to do more of is we're trying to put more charts and graphs together with maps so that you can really explore the data in multiple different ways and take a deeper dive into it. So here we have -- this is crop cultivation in Kenya. The dark red colors correspond to the years in which we have the GIS data. And so providing it in these two different ways hopefully allows the viewer the space to say, "Oh, okay, I understand this in two different ways. I have a deeper understanding of this issue now." Another thing that we're looking into is just taking a look at different kind of charts and providing the information in different kind of ways. So in this particular case we're taking a look at European population. As you can imagine, population can change kind of on two different axes. So you could have what's called here net migration. So immigration versus emigration. Or you could have a natural change. So that's live births in a country versus the deaths in a country. So we've got all of that plotted on the chart. So you could be -- for instance, you could be Germany. You could have a big growth rate despite what is probably a lower birth rate, and that's due to that larger net migration. So you have more immigration going into the country. Or conversely, you could be Albania. So you have a pretty good birth rate versus your death rate, but you have a lot of emigration. And so you have a shrinking population overall. So then once you put that together with a map using the same color palette, then you have two different ways to explore this. You have a spatial way to explore this and this other chart -- kind of new chart way to explore this. And hopefully a way to explore this data in lots of new and interesting ways. So as you can see, our GIS products for Congress really follow along in many of the same ways that all of our other products for Congress do and keep the same values. They are authoritative, objective, and non-partisan. And they are confidential for the requester. And hopefully they allow the requester to explore these issues in a -- in new and visually compelling ways. All right. I think we have time for questions if anybody has any questions. [ Inaudible ] Well, as our director mentioned, CRS is -- our work is only for Congress at this point. So it is -- it is true that every -- sometimes our work does get released through Congressional offices to constituents. But right now we work only for Congress. [ Inaudible ] Well, it -- >> Calvin DeSouza: It depends on the product. We work with you to set the deadline. So as soon as you put in a request, we give you a call and we start figuring out what can we get to you by your deadline? Sometimes we may meet your first deadline with a set of products and then we come back more at a later deadline. But we can work. Sometimes it's an hour turnaround. We just had a new request today that we got yesterday. >> Hannah Fischer: Yeah. >> Calvin DeSouza: We got to get [inaudible]. >> Hannah Fischer: Yeah. So it -- it also is very much set by the requester. And they can request whatever they want to request. And then we work within that timeframe. [ Inaudible ] We absolutely work with federal agencies for their data. And I would say that we also work with geography and maps downstairs. I see Jackie Nolan in the audience. She often also gets the data from agencies. And we work with her as well for some of that data. Jackie, did you want to say anything? Okay [Laughs]. [ Laughter ] [ Inaudible ] >> Hannah Fischer: Yeah. >> Calvin DeSouza: And then our analysts have a good set of contacts that they can reach out to the exact person who would be collecting that data. So you can go through the Congressional office to get it, but then sometimes you can reach directly out to the person if you know them. >> Hannah Fischer: Yes? [ Inaudible ] >> Calvin DeSouza: We're doing printed reports. The Esri platform that we're using is -- what's the word -- flexive? Is that the word? Where if we make a map, it should be viewable on iPad or a tablet. But I think we're designing mostly for desktop and tablets and not for, like, phones. But. [ Inaudible ] >> Hannah Fischer: Yes? [ Inaudible ] Oh, yes. >> Calvin DeSouza: Yeah. >> Hannah Fischer: Yeah. >> Calvin DeSouza: So sometimes the House and the Senate have [inaudible] accounts. Sometimes we can provide them with the data or get them set up on their [inaudible] account to make the maps on their website. So we can package the data, give it to them, and then they can serve it up themselves. All right. >> Hannah Fischer: Okay. >> Calvin DeSouza: Thank you. >> Hannah Fischer: Well, thank you so much. [ Applause ] >> Tim St. Onge: All right. Thank you, again, Dr. Mazanec and the GIS team there at Congressional Research Service. We're running a bit ahead of schedule. So I think we'll keep it that way with about a 15-minute coffee break starting right now. We'll reconvene at 10:25. So after the coffee break, we'll have presentations on GIS use in the House and Senate. So please enjoy a 15-, 20-minute coffee break. Thank you. All right, everyone. So I think we'll kick things off again for the second half of our morning session. So if you can please make your way to your seats or diminish your conversations a little bit. We will next move on to presentations on the use of GIS in the House and the Senate. So first I'd like to introduce Tim Petty, the deputy legislative director for Senator James E. Risch of Idaho. And he will be discussing the use of GIS in the Senate. So please welcome Mr. Petty. [ Applause ] >> Tim Petty: Good morning, everybody. Thank you so much for being able to join us this morning. It's been a great interactive discussion already. Again, my name is Tim Petty. Not only am I a legislative assistant to Senator Risch, but I'm also part of a cochair of a working group. The Senate GIS Working Group has actually been functioning since about 2011. Colin and Hannah and a number of others have actually participated on the Senate side. And now we also have a House-side working group as well. So it's been a real pleasure to work with a lot of the staff since 2011. And the whole concept behind putting this together, I -- originally we were the -- Senate Risch and actually Senator Blumenthal were the first two cochairs. And then that staffer left and we were able to pick up Becca Steels from Senator Wyden. And so the last two or three years Senator Wyden and Senator Risch were cochairs of the GIS Working Group. And so we continue to strive to just engage the staff on the Hill on how to better utilize GIS. The CRS and Library of Congress has been a fabulous resource for us. As you can only go so far and have so much time, and many times I've turned over and needed help to the CRS to give us support. So some of the questions that were asked was that's we as staff do. We come to CRS for the details. And they've been a fabulous partner with us. And so over the last six or seven years, the website that I have here -- I'm going to talk and Bonnie's going to help me, but she's also going to participate a little bit in part of the interactive discussion of how we're actually using GIS for my member and for our staff and actually for the constituents of Idaho. So most of these different images, the thumbnail sketches that you see here are actually done by a lot of the different interns and/or working with Esri to help us put these different thumbnail sketches up of different areas of Idaho. It's a very popular site for a lot of our constituents to use through the years. And we actually get a lot of correspondence back from our Idaho constituents of these resources. So as Bonnie maybe click on a few and just kind of open up a few, as they open up, it givens a little bit of an idea how we're trying to incorporate different type of information back to our constituents. So this website is actually built and designed for the purpose for the constituents of Idaho. And so as Bonnie works through those, it gives a little bit of an idea of what those entail. So one of the other questions that I'll highlight as Bonnie brings up just a really recent -- our latest post that we did, which is a story map dealing with Boulder White-Cloud. And one of the questions was, "Can this actually be implemented to handheld devices and/or iPhones or iPad?" And the answer is yes. And so if Bonnie open up the Boulder White-Cloud, which I'm going to kind of go through, as you can see, it also operates right on the iPhone. And so the tools that we use -- actually, everything is underpinning by Esri, which actually was able through the Library of Congress to contract so that every member -- both House and Senate members actually have a full access to a web-based Esri account that they can actually utilize. And so when I actually go on, build a GIS interactive discussion, it immediately gets put up on my members' website, but it's all backed in by most of the authoritative data source that comes from federal agencies, and/or data.gov, and resources that we've been able to gather and post these up. So with that said, what I want to do is Bonnie and I are going to just kind of quickly go through how do we interact with policy and with GIS? And so this was a long-term project that my member had been working on through many congresses. And this is Boulder White-Cloud wilderness area. And so as Bonnie goes through, you know, Senator Risch has had many comments on the floor in discussion. And what which wanted to do was create a story map of the background and history of how long it took for this particular area within Idaho circled there and then blown up a little bit larger, which is part of the western edge of the Rocky Mountains in Idaho in the area called Boulder White-Cloud wilderness area. So we actually had one of the interns who came and worked for the Senator last fall to actually do a lot of the documentary and writing to put this together. So we incorporated the language in the Sawtooth National Recreational area and then built these different datasets on this continuous area of discussion. So these three combination areas and these three different color areas talks about three different sections of some legislation that took place multiple Congresses ago. And then what we tried to do was go back and actually collect these different bills that were actually submitted all the way back into the 108th Congress. We're in the 115th now. Every Congress session's two years, you can do the math. We've been working on this policy project for many, many years. And it gives references, and you can go in and actually see the bill and then how it has transformed throughout years from kind of these big globs of circles to actually starting to put boundaries together. And then we give this history of how those boundaries were developed. And then we talked about the stakeholders. And so what I would like to do is just highlight some of the stakeholder process. Because the shareholders, through the many years, were collecting data. A lot of town hall meetings, a lot of the discussions in this area for the Senator, as well as the Congressman that worked on this on both side of the aisle really went through this. And the best part that occurred was a few years ago we started working with the Governor's Office of Idaho. And we got them involved with the participation. So this actual dataset that Bonnie's going to be going through was working with the Governor's Office in Idaho for them to actually start building and looking at a multipurpose area where we talked about hiking trails, and snowmobile trails, and horse trails, and off-road vehicles, as well as areas that would be, then, designated as wilderness. So it became a hugely collaborative stakeholder process. And we use the GIS and these mapping tools to allow the different members, both House and Senate and my boss, to actually taking these devices and go out to the town hall meetings and actually talk about the specific areas of the trails. You can drill down, you can open up and look at exactly where these different areas are at and then allow the stakeholders to give input into what they were looking at for a legislative bill. And so it just became a fantastic tool. And so this actual dataset resides in Idaho in the Governor's Office. And so through Bonnie's help -- and I wanted, yeah, to go back in this and ask Bonnie a few questions of what that took so that we could incorporate their data and their dataset as a state agency to work with -- what it took to work with, like, Forest Service and the federal agencies to work together and those steps that process through. So if you want to talk, Bonnie, a little bit about that process. >> Sure. Thanks, Tim. Basically the tools that the House and the Senate have access to allow you to do this sort of private collaboration with other users. So, for example, using a group within the Senate's online account, they can privately collaborate with the state CIO's office and share maps and layers and data back and forth without necessarily making it public, right? Eventually that data can become public, as we see here. But initially, while these kind of policy discussions were going on, you know, Tim's office really just needed access to that authoritative information coming from the state level. So the online tools that they have access to allow them to do that. And so, really, any office within the House and the Senate can follow the same sort of model. >> Tim Petty: Thank you, Bonnie. And that really became the partnership with really effective tools. And it was Esri and the resource tools of GIS that give us that ability to constantly throughout each of the week go through those reiterations going back and forth -- where the boundaries were, where the trails are, what part of are going to be wilderness, what areas were these different -- and the different communities, then, had the ability to see that information, have access to that information, and then talk legibly about what it is that we could and could not do legislatively. So with those type of resources, it really has transformed the way we're able to now do policy with the state agencies, as well as the counties because now the counties are starting to also become fully engaged with these type of resources as well, which when you get out into those communities, it's all about right there where the boots are on the ground, right? It's not about what's going to happen back here. And so from that, then we got a final bill passed. We have web links to the different members talking about the final legislation. We actually put together the boundaries, which looks very different than the images that we had previously, right? It really started coming together with the details of what this all entailed. And then my senator talking specifically about the legislative and the final bill, which then was able to go and then President Obama then signed the legislation into law. And now that's what we have, the Boulder White-Cloud wilderness area. And I love the quote that we put up here at the end with Congressman Mike Simpson. He said, "How do you justify making Boulder White-Cloud wilderness?" I said, "I didn't. I don't even try." I said, "Go up there and spend a few nights, it justifies itself." And that's been the best part about not only telling a story, but it allows, then, the community to really participate in that process. So I'm going to stop there at this point. And see, I think what we're going to do is have the House side, Tim, right? And you're going do introduce, and then we'll take some questions at the end for both kind of the House and the Senate side collaboration that takes place. Thank you. [ Applause ] >> Tim St. Onge: All right. Thank you, Tim and Bonnie. So as Tim mentioned, following the presentation from the House we're going to open up to questions for both of these groups. We have microphones on the sides that we can pass along to whoever's asking any question so that we can all hear the question so that our video recording can pick it up. So next I would like to introduce Rae Best, the House librarian, and Nick Schumate, the GIS specialist in the House Library. And they will be discussing the use of GIS in the House of Representatives. So please welcome Rae Best and Nick Schumate. [ Applause ] >> Rae Best: Good morning. We're going to go ahead and discuss the House and how the House uses GIS. And a lot of the same things that Tim said about what was going on in the Senate is also going on -- is this -- there we go. Is also going on in the House. We do have a GIS working group meeting that is sponsored by the House Library. We also teach classes through the House Library. The beginning introduction to GIS is taught in the House Learn Center. Esri, Bonnie teaches the other two classes, one is constituent correspondence and one is story mapping. And it's always good to go ahead and take the introduction class first and go on to Bonnie's more expert classes. And as you can see, I'm Rae Ellen Best. This is Nick Schumate and Nate Bradley. And he will be talking about getting a count on the House side for GIS. >> Nate Bradley: Good morning, everyone. I just wanted to let you know that as you observe the numerous capabilities of the Esri platform and software tool and to get started with the ability to create your own interactive map for your office, for analytical study, I encourage you to call the HIR -- Human Information Resource -- Customer Solution Service Desk. That is where we can immediately create an account for you. We also have the ability -- if you desire to get more involved with capabilities of the software, we can give you software links to an actual desktop copy for the application tool. So the turnaround time for creating an account we have is less than 24 hours. But the team has been able to get you established and going a whole lot sooner than that. So feel free to call them and they'll get you going. Thank you. >> Rae Best: Okay. Next we're just going to talk a little bit about HouseMAP. Esri has branded the GIS product in the House of Representatives as HouseMAP. There is a portal if you are on the intranet in the House, it's Library.House.gov/maps. That has detailed information on classes, information about CRS and how they build maps, the Library of Congress cartography department and how they can help you with mapping. So it is just a very nice portal for HouseMAP. GIS is used in the House to show policy just like Senator -- Representative Takano said today on the national and on the district level in the House of Representatives. The district interests are very important. A lot of members gather constituent correspondence, and then they map out that constituent correspondence. And Nick will be showing you a great example of the Reagan National Airport noise map today. And just visually communicating with maps and getting in touch with your constituents and showing them that you're interested in certain issues that they're interested in. So we're just going to -- we're going to go through, I'm going to take five representatives and show you some of the things and -- representatives and committees and some maps from Esri. And Nick will do another five. And this map is Lou Barletta, Congressman from Pennsylvania 11th Congressional District. He does Main Street tours, sort of like Representative Takano's map of businesses. He just stops by and talks with people in his community and goes through different counties and different towns. Right here he is stopping by the local library and looking at the books in the collection. He's stopped by another -- a unique little store called Eclectic Envy in downtown Danville. He stopped by to discuss historic preservation of this site in Pennsylvania. So it really just shows him out and about talking to the community. And he has a nice way of just giving a little synopsis about his visits and also meeting with the shopkeepers or when he's visiting fire stations with the firemen and taking pictures with them. Okay, another thing that Congressman Lou Barletta does of Pennsylvania 11th District is he has his outreach hours. So he never wants any of his constituents to be too far from a place where somebody can hear their concerns. So he's done push pins as the symbols in this map. And so the blue push pins are other outreach besides his official outreach offices. This one is Karen Boback's office. And she's actually a state representative for Pennsylvania. And it tells you her hours, where she's located, etc. The red pins are his official office -- this one, okay -- is his official offices. I don't know why this is not -- and so his office are open from -- I'm not sure why, this isn't doing it the right way; okay, there we go -- 9:00 to 5:00 at all times. He also gives a nice detail at the bottom of this map, gives you information about all the district offices, where you can go and see outreach. And then at the very end he has his official outreach offices, of course, his office in Washington, D.C. and his other official offices, district offices. Next one of the -- Mike Johnson, which was a freshman member in the 115th Congress, made a pledge to have a commitment to civility. And he asked members on both side of the aisle to sign this commitment that they will be civil to each other, civil, you know, in conferences, you know, on committees, etc. And this is a map of people who have either signed the commitment or have mentioned the commitment on the floor speech, etc. So like I said, this is bipartisan. So you have Republicans. And this was just for the freshmen coming on. But a few seasoned Congressman and Congresswoman have also signed this commitment. And here you can see John Lewis who has been in the House for a while. This is probably one of the most complex maps we're showing today. And this is from the Committee on Natural Resources. And it is -- it's actually divided by districts, which is very important in the House of Representatives. We do everything by district. And this is different natural resources in people's districts. So this is the great sand dunes. This is another protected area. I don't know why it's -- It's just taking a long time [inaudible]. So I don't know -- so this is actually when it says one of twelve, there's actually twelve other information boxes here that just aren't loading. It is actually a complex map, so maybe today it's just not loading as quickly. This is some information about the continental shelf and it being off limits to oil and gas development. So this is just a really nice map on -- on natural resources. Actually, it isn't all the way loaded because I was going to show you the legend. Like, the pink areas are protected lands; yellow might be the Bureau of Natural Lands, etc. But I'll just show you the layers because for some reason the legend is not showing on this presentation. So these are the different layers. One thing that we usually use in the House is this layer, which is 115th Congressional District, which tells you about the Congressman -- a little bit about the Congressman, if they're a Republican or Democrat, usually what district they're in. Also tells you the square mileage -- square miles of their district. So it's a good place to get that information. And this is just all the other layers on this map, wild and scenic rivers, critical habitat of endangered species, the Bureau of Land Management, Forest Service. Okay, I'm going to go on to the next map. This is a map that Esri made I'm assuming somewhere around 2012 after Sandy hit the east coast. And this is a good example of a slide map. Some of you remember New Jersey and Seaside, New Jersey, the amusement park at the beach? And so here's the figure eight for the racecars, here's the roller coaster, here's the parking lot. And just with this slide map it just shows you the devastation. There's no parking lot anymore. Nothing sort of shows you quite like a map and the visualization of before and after pictures. Some of you remember seeing the roller coaster during high tide actually in the water. There's no figure eight here anymore. You know, the road is completely sanded over. Another example is before. And this is in Mantoloking, New Jersey and actually breaking completely through the peninsula all the way into the intercoastal waterway. And last is the Statue of Liberty, a nice picture of the Statue of Liberty on a bright, sunny day. And then after Sandy, you couldn't even get there because the pier had been completely wiped away. Okay? I'm going to hand this over, then, to Nick to show you five other examples of how it is used in the House -- how GIS is used in the House. >> Nick Schumate: Thank you, Rae. Hey, everybody. How's it going? Good. That's what I want to hear. Okay. So here's a good example. So Rae talked earlier about constituent correspondence in the House. Don Beyer actually made a really good map here. He did a heat map of correspondence in his district in regards to noise complaints about Reagan National Airport. So you can see here that what he's done is he has created -- let me get that out of the way for you -- he's created -- so you can see the centers of issues, and it kind of gives you a visual representation of where the noise is being consolidated and where a lot of people are having issues with it. But what he did is he took it and made a story map out of it. So you could go through here if you want to, but it's basically just describing the issue, putting it in more detail, and then he kind of gives solutions that he's provided for the reasons he's bringing up legislation in regards to it and why he's approaching it the way he does. So this is all embedded on his website so his constituents can better understand the issue and what he's doing for it. So he's gotten a lot of detail here, but he actually shows that he embeds videos and he's got news articles. And he's just got basically everything you could possibly want about it right here. Even his Twitter right here. So it's just a good way to consolidate information, create sort of a narrative, and better tackle the subject matter. So here's one, Representative McSally, Martha McSally. She went on a hike in the Arizona National Scenic Trail. This is more of just kind of a fun one that she made here. And, again, this is a story map. And if it loads, it's going to show as you go down the list -- so on the left side here it's going to show pictures that she took. But on the right side it's going to correlate to the part of the trail she was on. So you can almost, like, go on a journey with her and see where each picture was taken, what was going on. Again, there's a video here. And as you keep going down, it's going to show the legs of the trail. I think it's 800 miles. I don't know if she did the whole thing but -- not yet? Okay, yeah [Laughs]. I couldn't do that, Jesus [Laughs]. Anyhow, so she just goes through and kind of maps it out. And so you can see, you know, how the trail goes and where she's gone on it and everything like that. So it's just kind of a fun way to communicate with her constituency. As Mark Takano spoke earlier, he showed a few maps. And I think they mentioned the Title I funding and API scores. So Title I being low-income families in his district. And he kind of compares it to academic success. And it's really great because it's got the two maps here. And this is another policy issue, obviously. And as you move one map, it moves the other. And if you zoom in, it does the same thing. And so it's a good way to create two data sources and bring them together. It's a good way of visualizing it. It's hard to do otherwise. So the visualization really kinds of accentuates the point here. Another one from Takano. Actually, he mentioned a little bit about this, but he went on this weird and wonderful tour. Basically it just shows a lot of the hotspots in his district. I won't go through all of them. But there's, like, music venues, theatres, racetracks. It gives a little bit more information about each one. So you could go through here and his constituents could go through here and just see what he's highlighting and what kind of cool things there are to do in the district. So it's just a fun way to engage with the constituency and also provide more insight. The last one I'm going to show here is actually one Esri made. It's about healthcare. So basically it's comparing access to doctors with access to healthcare. And what you can do is -- the data's a little old, but you get the idea. It's the slider here is showing -- on the left side it's showing the doctor office accessibility; on the right it's doing healthcare. So you could also -- you know, this is sort of like when you're putting those two maps but you're actually overlaying them. And it's a good way to compare as Rae showed with the Hurricane Sandy. So it's a good way to kind of create a different sort of visualization that really helps accentuate the points you're trying to get at. So those are just some examples that the House has encountered and has come up in our class as well. So this is just our contact information. Again, I'm Nick, this is Rae, Nate. I think we're going to be doing Q&A. So [inaudible] take it over. [ Applause ] >> Tim St. Onge: Thank you very much. That was excellent presentation, thank you. So at this point we'll open up to questions for both the House and the Senate groups. We'll be passing around these microphones on the side. But if you have any questions for either of these groups, please just raise your hand. We'll pass the microphone to you. >> Very brief -- very brief question. Tim Petty mentioned that you can follow the maps on your iPhone. My question is do you need an Apple app for that or can you also follow those maps on an Android phone? >> Tim Petty: I would probably look at Bonnie, but I'm pretty sure you can do it on both. Both of them work well on both an Android as well as an iPhone. And so we were very pleased with it. And actually, my chief of staff uses it much more when he's out in the field than what my member does. My member prefers the iPad, but he actually also put an Esri app that actually renders even quicker than if he just Googles it. And so but you can just go straight to the Senator's website and go into his map gallery, and all of those different renderings come up, at least on my iPhone. I don't have an Android to test it, but I'm pretty sure that both of them are interchangeable. [ Inaudible ] >> Okay. I'm not entirely sure who this question should be directed at, but I was just wondering, so the CRS people were talking about how, like, the office can request a map to be made and then they'll make it. But for the Representative and Senate staffers, it sounded like y'all had a lot of interaction with making the maps. And so I guess I was wondering if maybe somebody could explain that a little bit more. Like, how much involvement does the staff have with map-making? >> Nick Schumate: All right, sure. So what we're doing is we're providing the tools to kind of create yourself. I know that Esri helps out member offices if they have requests. We are offering kind of the tools for each office to kind of do it themselves. But sometimes that goes beyond our scope and their scope of the data that they need. And so that's going to get where you're kind of treading that line between can you do it yourself or do you need professional CRS support? And I'm sure CRS can talk more about that. But they kind of provide the more authoritative data, whereas we're giving you the tools to access that data. So it's kind of if you need the information researched and need it, you know, put together in that format versus doing it yourself. >> Tim Petty: Yeah, and that's actually perfect. And so that combination, so there's some scopes where I've really need some specific details from my member. And so I actually called Jim and Hannah and Colin and said hey -- and went over their office and said this is -- I don't even know how to go about doing this, but this is an end result. And they were fantastic. And they gave me a first set of datasets. And I was able to look at these maps that they specifically had in an issue an Idaho. And they said we're going to take a little bit more time. But I was able to ice that for my member and then give them more information as they were able to develop and kind of build out. And it had to do with a boundary issue. And so they actually went back and worked with even some of the federal agencies to help understand where the boundaries were, which was part of the question. And so that was a fantastic resource that's way beyond even a lot of staff's scope. And trying -- that's part what the working groups are also about on the House and the Senate, is to say, "Try it as far as I can, but if you need help, then there's amazing people that understand maps and GIS that can carry it the rest of the way." >> Rae Best: I just wanted to add one other thing is when you get your password, you're in a community. I work for the Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. So that's our umbrella community. But we have made subset communities in the House Library. So if we're working on a map, we can give other librarians permission to view that map, criticize it, or add to, etc. so that it lets you -- the GIS software platform is just so powerful it lets you make subsets that you can, you know, work on maps with other people in your office or your committee. >> Can you talk a little bit about what the committee on natural resources -- on how they're using this type of tool with their -- with their legislation and policy concerns since it's so detailed? >> Rae Best: I probably can't tell you too much about what they do. We're just sort of illustrating what the committees are doing in the House. And so you can go on their committee page and look and see if they have a map gallery. And the map that I showed you didn't completely load because it's an extremely complex map with regulations on it about not, you know, drilling in certain areas, etc. So if you go online and look at that map, it will give you some idea of what policies and what they're looking at, and other maps that they're doing, and, you know, other policies that they're looking at. >> Tim Petty: And I might be able to follow up a little bit, at least on the Senate side, which there are several staff on the Energy Natural Resource Committee on the Senate who actually come to our working group. Anne Hoefler actually has a background in GIS. And so I know she's made a number of requests and has worked, actually, with Esri and with Department of Interior to help them -- energy maps, line maps, pipelines, those kind of areas, federal lands specifically to get pretty detailed. And I actually know that there's a professional staff, Chance, from the Senate Commerce Committee who's out here somewhere that also is participating in continually developing background. And his background also is in GIS. So, of course, he's a younger staffer. And those are the greatest resources that you usually can tap into. Because they've actually had the education and training and they're bringing it to those committees and really have some great resources to facilitate. So I'm excited of even where the committees are heading, at least on the Senate side with utilizing these resources. >> We have a question over here in back. >> You mention that you had feedback or comments from other individuals when working on a map or you share it with someone for feedback; is there a way that you track it internally, like, on comments like you do in SharePoint point or in Word, or is there a feature in there that allows you to do that or activate it? >> Tim Petty: Yeah. So with that, if I might because I think you -- on the same is -- at least on the Senate same, which is the Sam's website, there's actually interactive. Bonnie actually created a how-to utilize some resources. So our offices uses its constituent resources' IQ. And so we can data mine that dataset and really get good input from constituent responses, which is what we used with the Boulder White-Cloud and some other projects as well, is those datasets that come from the constituents who communicate through all means of communication -- email, faxes, telephone conversations when they call into the offices, and from our state office that put everything into that resource. And then we can data mine kind of our own data in our interactions with our constituency to the extent that Bonnie has helped us to actually give the -- like, down to zip code. So we can actually see where they're talking about and from what why are they actually dealing with that issue because that's their backyard. Or are they discussing it just because they're interested in the issue 300 miles away. So we can get that reference and use heat maps to actually know and really hear what's happening to those people in that local community. >> Nick Schumate: I just -- sorry, just want to follow up. One last thing is that our GIS platform that Esri provides also access to, it's almost like its own little community. So, again, we're opposite the clerk, but we're all part of the House of Representatives in our side. And so we can see what other offices are publishing, and who's publishing them, and what comments and suggestions and descriptions. And so it's almost like social media, I guess, maybe is an interesting way to put it. But it's this whole network that you can kind of see what everyone else is creating. So. >> We have a question over here. >> Is the Senate Library involved in a similar way as the House in terms of putting these tools -- making these tools available or being part that have working group? >> Tim Petty: So maybe Jeff could help. He's with the Senate Sergeant at Arms. And so with our working group, when someone wants to have access to their accounts, they can facilitate that. The Senate side library probably ties into all of Library of Congress. So I'll let Mary talk about that a little bit more. >> Mary Mazanec: Can I put you on the spot, Jessica? [ Laughter ] >> I work in the Senate Library. >> Mary Mazanec: Okay. >> We're not currently doing anything with GIS, but that's part of [inaudible]. >> We had a question in the back? >> Over here. [ Inaudible ] >> I sort of have -- I guess it's a data integrity question. So I gathered from this morning, you know, there's a lot of time and effort and expertise that goes into creating these datasets. I was looking kind of at the Reagan example; is there anything that you kind of work with offices to ensure they're using the data properly? Because as we all know, you know, hotspots, that's the analysis, all these things. You can really make that data look however you want it. So is there kind of any -- do you just hand the data off, or do you work with the offices and make sure they're using it properly in its intended use? >> Nick Schumate: I mean, for our office obviously we don't have any oversight over that. But when we're teaching the classes, what we tell them is that it's almost like when you're writing a paper for school, cite your sources and make sure you're using good sources. Same thing, we show how to get authoritative sources through the system we provide. But, again, you could take data and make your own data. It's really up to the office. And you just kind of want to see where they're getting their data from, and that should be fairly transparent. But, again, it's up to each office to do that. So. >> Question about archiving of maps either for the House or the Senate. I'm thinking of the historical map about the wilderness area in Idaho, what happens to that once the senator maybe didn't have it on their website anybody else or maybe that's not a Senate -- the person isn't a senator anymore. What happens to that great material? >> Mary Mazanec: After every Congress the National Archives gathers every member's website and they would -- if it is embedded in their website, it will be captured. So that goes with committees and with members. >> How would I find that, then? >> Mary Mazanec: You just go on the National Archives. They have it by year and by member or by committee. [ Inaudible ] >> Hi. Can you please talk about your respective GIS working groups and how often you meet? And I'm assuming that these are open to staff and members. And kind of an example of the topics you present. >> Mary Mazanec: Okay. Ours is a lot newer than the Senate's. So we've been doing it what, for about a year now, a year and a half. We meet about three or four times a year. A lot of times since the House is just getting started with GIS, we do a lot of just foundation type of how to build a map. CRS comes, Hannah's at our meetings. The Congressional Cartography Division of the Library of Congress will also come. Sometimes we invite guest speakers from federal agencies that have been using GIS for a long time to give a demonstration on how they're using GIS. And yes, it is correct, members can come, staffers can come. And we pretty much welcome -- you know, I show up at the Senate one, people from the Senate also show up at the House working group. >> Tim Petty: So we've been working a little bit longer on this, since about 2011, which there were four of us that came together. And we just stared at each other and said, "So what are we going to do?" So the Senate side has tried to do several different models over the last several years. But what seems to be the most effective for us is what we tried to do, as well as what the House, is we try to bring in an Executive Branch agency to kick it off for the hour. We try to do it about every, what, quarterly or so, three or four times year, four times a year, sometimes we do five. We definitely incorporate in February when there's the federal conference here that Esri puts on. So they've been super in allowing basically any of the staff to come up over to the federal conference. And then there's tons of classes that they provide that a lot of staff will participate in for over two or three days. And that's extremely helpful. But most of the staff, for the most part, are wanting to just learn how to use it. And so it's more of a how-to. So we kick it off with someone presenting from the Executive Branch. We bring in an agency. And then what we try to do is have a staffer, then, present one of their most recent developments and how they did it, how they screwed it up, allow other staff to interact on what maybe they could do that might be or insightful to them. Obviously we talk about data sources and where in the heck did you get that? And so we really encourage the use of that. And since we when live website-wise with Esri providing the whole back end, there's ways and training to know what's authoritative data sources. It's actually coming from data.gov. So we really try to emphasize on the Senate-side staff, if you just take the federal data, that's who your member has oversight over. And so if you have questions, then you go and find out from that dataset who's producing that information and where. And then we really encourage them to go find that staff person in the Executive Branch that's been putting that data together. So those are kind of things that have unfolded over a while, six years now. So on the Senate side we've been doing it for a little while. I have a list of a little over 100 staff. We probably average 15 to 20 at every gathering, and people come when they can. >> Anyone else? Well, let's give a big hand again to our folks [inaudible]. [ Applause ] >> Tim St. Onge: All right. Thank you, again, Tim Petty, Nick Schumate, Rae Best, and Nate Bradley for presentations and for a really informative question and answer session. Unfortunately, at this point Congressman Bruce Westerman has had cancel. He was pull away to a committee meeting as happens. So that leaves us with an extra long lunch break. So we will be breaking for lunch until 1:00 o'clock. That's when we will be moving to GIS for the digital humanities. So that will talk about digital humanities, data visualization, and story maps being created here in the Library. So a lot of you I know are very excited about. So, again, 1:00 p.m. we'll be meeting back in this room. If you're visiting the Library and need some lunch options, our cafeteria is just a couple doors down right outside. We also have a bunch of restaurants along Pennsylvania Avenue and along First Street outside. So, again, thank you so much to all our presenters for the morning. We'll be back at 1:00 o'clock for our afternoon session right here in this room. Thank you. [ Applause ] >> This has been a presentation of the Library of Congress. Visit us at loc.gov.